Published JOINTLY by The Pennsylvania PoliTical science associaTion AND The legislaTive office for research liaison Pennsylvania house of rePresenTaTives COMMONWEALTH of political science C O M M O N W EALTH : SPEC IAL EM ER G EN C Y M AN AG EM EN T ISSU E • VO L. 15, N O . 1, M AY 2009 VOL. 15, nO. 1, MAY 2009 The Pennsylvania Political Science Association (PPSA) was founded in 1939 to further scholarship within the discipline. The Legislative Office for Research Liaison (LORL) was founded in 1976 by the Pennsylvania House of Representatives to provide research linkage to the academic community. a journal Special Policy Issue: emergency management in pennsylvania: selected issues © Copyright 2009 by the Pennsylvania Political Science Association and the Legislative Office for Research Liaison, Pennsylvania House of Representatives ISSN 0890-2410. Printed by the Pennsylvania House of Representatives with assistance from the Democratic and Republican caucuses. Copyright on volumes published prior to 2007 are held by the Pennsylvania Political Science Association. Back issues of Commonwealth and the Speaker’S Journal are available online at: www.house.state.pa.us/CJPs i COMMONWEALTH: A Journal of Political Science SPECIAL POLICY ISSUE “Emergency Management in Pennsylvania: Selected Issues” Special Issue Editor: Beverly A. Cigler Penn State Harrisburg Associate Editor for Policy Issues: Michael R. King Legislative Office for Research Liaison Copy Editor: Barbara C. Stone Legislative Office for Research Liaison ii COMMONWEALTH: A Journal of Political Science EDITOR IN CHIEF: Gerard J. Fitzpatrick, Ursinus College ASSOCIATE EDITORS: Thomas J. Baldino, Wilkes University Donald G. Tannenbaum, Gettysburg College Michael R. King, Legislative Office for Research Liaison, Pennsylvania House of Representatives BOOK REVIEW EDITOR: Thomas J. Baldino, Wilkes University MANAGING EDITOR: Michael E. Cassidy, Office of the Democratic Caucus Chair, Pennsylvania House of Representatives EDITORIAL REVIEW BOARD Aryeh Botwinick Temple University M. Margaret Conway University of Florida Roger H. Davidson University of Maryland Jean B. Elshtain University of Chicago Richard F. Fenno University of Rochester Marianne Githens Goucher College Susan W. Hammond American University Samuel Krislov University of Minnesota G. Calvin Mackenzie Colby College Michael J. Malbin State University of NY, Albany Harvey C. Mansfield, Jr. Harvard University Kenneth F. Mott Gettysburg College Craig N. Murphy Wellesley College Steven A. Peterson The Pennsylvania State University Mark P. Petracca University of California, Irvine H. Mark Roelofs New York University Bruce M. Russett Yale University J. David Singer University of Michigan iii PENNSYLVANIA POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION Officers and Executive Council 2008-09 PRESIDENT Paula Holoviak Kutztown University FIRST VICE PRESIDENT Stanley Berard Lock Haven University TREASURER Thomas Brogan Albright College SECOND VICE PRESIDENT Brooke Harlowe Lock Haven University SECRETARY & WEBMASTER Fran Moran New Jersey City University EXECUTIVE COUNCIL 2007-2010 Term Joseph Rish King’s College Michael Dillon LaSalle University 2008-2011 Term Kyle Kreider Wilkes University Joseph Melusky St. Francis University 2009-2012 Term Steven Peterson Penn State - Harrisburg John Kennedy West Chester University of Pennsylvania EX OFFICIO MEMBERS PAST PRESIDENT Thomas J. Baldino Wilkes University PAST PRESIDENT Joseph Melusky St. Francis University EDITORIAL STAFF OF COMMONWEALTH: A JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Gerard J. Fitzpatrick Ursinus College ASSOCIATE EDITOR & BOOK REVIEW EDITOR Thomas J. Baldino Wilkes University ASSOCIATE EDITOR & SPECIAL ISSUE EDITOR Michael R. King LORL, PA House of Representatives ASSOCIATE EDITOR FOR POLITICAL THEORY Donald G. Tannenbaum Gettysburg College MANAGING EDITOR Michael Cassidy Office of the Democratic Caucus Chair PA House of Representatives iv LEGISLATIVE OFFICE FOR RESEARCH LIAISON (LORL) Pennsylvania House of Representatives, Harrisburg, PA 17120-2218 Hon. Keith R. McCall The Speaker of the House of Representatives Hon. Todd Eachus The Majority Leader Hon. H. William DeWeese The Majority Whip Hon. Samuel H. Smith The Minority Leader Hon. Mike Turzai The Minority Whip 2009 - 2010 LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE FOR RESEARCH LIAISON (LCRL) Hon. James R. Roebuck, Jr. LORL Committee Chair Hon. H. Scott Conklin Hon. Stephen P. Samuelson Dr. Richard DiEugenio Special Assistant to the President for Governmental Affairs The Pennsylvania State University Hon. Samuel H. Smith Republican Leader Hon. Kate Harper Hon. Matt Gabler Dr. James Moran III Vice Chancellor for Academic and Student Affairs PA State System of Higher Education 2009 - 2010 UNIVERSITY COMMITTEE FOR RESEARCH LIAISON (UCRL) Dr. Richard L. Rosen Associate Professor of History and Politics Drexel University Dr. Grant D. Venerable, II Vice President for Academic Affairs Lincoln University Dr. Richard DiEugenio Special Assistant to the President for Governmental Affairs The Pennsylvania State University Dr. Michael G. Hagan Director, Institute for Public Affairs Temple University Dr. Michael R. King LORL Executive Director Dr. George E. Klinzing Vice Provost for Research University of Pittsburgh Dr. Kathleen Howley Assistant Vice Chancellor for Academic and Student Affairs PA State System of Higher Education Mr. Ronald Uroda Vice President for Research AICUP Dr. Andrew Rudczynski Associate Vice President of Finance and Executive Director of Research Services University of Pennsylvania v Contents Volume 15, Number 1............................................................. May 2009 About the Authors...............................................................................vi Preface by Michael R. King.............................................................. viii Emergency Management: Selected Policy Issues .............................. 1 Beverly A. Cigler, PhD, Penn State Harrisburg Utilization of Private Resources to Supplement Government Resources in Case of Emergency ........................................................ 5 Christopher J. Moran, BA, MPIA, University of Pittsburgh Regional Response to All-Hazards Events: A Commonwealth Perspective ...........................................................................................17 Gregory G. Noll, CSP, CHMM, South Central Task Force Program Manager Managing Risk in Real Time: Integrating Information Technology into Disaster Risk Reduction and Response.......................................27 Louise K. Comfort, PhD; Daniel Mosse, PhD; Taieb Znati, PhD; University of Pittsburgh Joint Readiness Center B Pittsburgh: A Model of Military-Civilian Readiness and Response .....................................................................47 George A. Huber, Esq.; David R. Campbell, RN, MS, NHA; Keith G. Dorman; Leigh A. McIntosh, CEcD; Joint Readiness Center B Pittsburgh Task Force Residency Requirements for First Responders ..................................61 Karen Finkenbinder, PhD Candidate, Penn State Harrisburg The State Role in Emergency Management: Significant Challenges ...........................................................................................75 Beverly A. Cigler, PhD, Penn State Harrisburg vi About the Authors David R. Campbell, RN, MS, NHA, is Executive Director at Laurelbrooke Landing, a continuing care retirement community, in Brookville, Pennsylvania. Campbell holds his diploma in nursing from Sewickley Valley Hospital, a BS in Health Services from Point Park University, and a MS in Health Services Administration from the University of St. Francis in Illinois. Beverly A. Cigler, PhD, is a Professor of Public Policy and Administration at Penn State Harrisburg. She is a Fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration and has published widely on intergovernmental relations, fiscal issues, alternative service delivery, governance, and emergency management. Louise K. Comfort, PhD, is Professor of Public and Urban Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh. She is principal investigator of the National Science Foundation project, Designing Resilience for Communities at Risk. Keith G. Dorman is Director, Public Affairs for Burson-Marstellar, LLC (Burson), working with the firm’s Pittsburgh office counseling clients on a wide range of communications and public policy initiatives. Dorman, a native of Pittsburgh, earned a BS degree at the Georgetown University School of Foreign Service in Washington, DC. Karen J. Finkenbinder is a former sergeant with the Carlisle Police Department and is retired from the U.S. Army Reserves. She has an MPA and is currently finishing her dissertation for her PhD in Public Administration at Penn State – Harrisburg. George A. Huber, Esq., is a Professor of Public Health Practice and Associate Dean for Public Policy at the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Of Counsel to the Office of the University counsel, and a consultant to the law firm of Buchanan, Ingersoll and Rooney. Huber has a BS from the United States Naval Academy, an MSIE from the University of Pittsburgh, an MSSM from the University of Southern California, and a JD from the Duquesne University School of Law. Leigh A. McIntosh, CEcD, is Senior Vice President of Special Projects and Executive Director of the Joint Readiness Center – Pittsburgh Task Force, with the Allegheny Conference on Community Development. Leigh received her BS degree in Public Administration from The Pennsylvania State University and an MBA in management from Eastern University, and is a certified economic development practitioner through the International Economic Development Council. vii Christopher J. Moran, BA, MPIA, received his undergraduate degree in Anthropology from Indiana, University of Pennsylvania. He went on to receive a Master of Public and International Affairs degree in Security and Intelligence Studies and is certified in Public Health Preparedness and Disaster Response through the University of Pittsburgh. Chris served as a Seabee in the United States Navy. He currently works as a Planner for the PA Region 13 Task Force. Daniel Mosse, PhD, is a Professor of Computer Science at the University of Pittsburgh. He is co-principal investigator for the NSF project, Designing Resilience for Communities at Risk. Gregory G. Noll, CSP, CHMM, is Program Manager for the South Central (PA) Regional Task Force and Hazardous Materials/WMD Manager for PA Task Force-1 Federal Urban Search and Rescue Team. Greg is the co-author of nine textbooks on hazardous materials emergency response and management topics, and received an MPA from Iowa State University. Taieb Znati, PhD, is a Professor of Computer Science at the University of Pittsburgh. He is co-principal investigator for the NSF project, Designing Resilience for Communities at Risk. viii PREFACE “Emergency Management in Pennsylvania: Selected Issues” is the second in a series of policy issues of COMMONWEALTH. It is the result of the partnership between the Pennsylvania Political Science Association and the Legislative Office for Research Liaison of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives (LORL). In this partnership, LORL has been given responsibility for developing policy issues of COMMONWEALTH using the expertise of faculty members at the more than 100 colleges and universities affiliated with LORL and experts from government and private industry. We wish to offer our heartfelt thanks to Dr. Beverly Cigler, Professor of Public Policy and Administration in the School of Public Affairs at Penn State Harrisburg, who served as the editor of this issue. Her previous service to the state executive and legislature includes a two-year stint as a LORL Visiting Scholar and assistance with many LORL legislative inquiries and projects. Dr. Cigler is a Fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration and presently serves as a Pennsylvania State University Faculty Associate in LORL. The authors of the articles in this Symposium were drawn from the academic, practitioner and consultive communities in emergency management, public health, public administration and related fields. Because this is a policy issue, the authors were asked to go beyond their basic findings and to offer policy recommendations derived from their research. These conclusions and recommendations belong to the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect the position, if any, of the editor of the volume, the Pennsylvania Political Science Association, the Legislative Office for Research Liaison or the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. Special thanks are due to Barbara Stone, LORL Research Analyst/Copy Editor, who did the proofreading and layout work for this volume, and to the staff of the House Democratic Legislative Publications Office who so ably handled the production and printing. Michael R. King, PhD Associate Editor for Policy Issues And Executive Director, LORL