






































15-69-PB.pdf


Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

32 
 

Study on the Effectiveness of Chinese Cultural Dissemination in Korea: An 
Empirical Analysis Based on a Questionnaire Survey 

 
Na LIU1, Ying RU2, and Jianhua TANG3 

 

1Institute of Hermeneutics, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, E-mail: youna1105@hotmail.com 
2School of Foreign Studies, Chang’an University, E-mail: ruying0509@gmail.com  
3Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, E-mail: jtang4@scut.edu.cn 
 
Abstract: Amidst the growing trend of global integration, Chinese cultural dissemination on an international scale has 
emerged as a significant concern. South Korea, being a neighboring country of China, has a rich history of cultural interactions 
between the two nations. However, in the present era, there are still obstacles to effectively promote Chinese culture and 
establish a strong connection with the Korean people. This paper aims to examine the level of knowledge and interest that 
Koreans have in Chinese culture by conducting a questionnaire survey. Additionally, it seeks to assess the effectiveness of 
dissemination and provide recommendations for enhancement of Chinese cultural dissemination. 
Key words: Chinese culture, cultural dissemination, South Korea, questionnaire 
1. Introduction  
Intercultural communication and exchange play a crucial role in contemporary international relations. Culture serves as both 
a symbolic representation of a country’s identity and a significant demonstration of its influence. The rich Chinese culture, 
spanning over 5,000 years, has captivated global interest due to its distinctive art, philosophy, history, language, and traditional 
customs (Hu & McLean, 2020).  
South Korea, due to its geographical proximity to China, has a rich history of cultural interactions with its neighbor. Since the 
Han Dynasty, Chinese cultural elements-such as Confucianism, Chinese characters, and tea culture—has influenced South 
Korea through the Korean Peninsula. In recent years, cultural exchanges have intensified, leading to more frequent and 
interactive engagements (Lee, 2020). These extensive exchanges have made Chinese culture increasingly accessible to 
international audiences via films, TV dramas, literature, art exhibitions, and Confucius Institutes. South Korea regards aspects 
of Chinese culture, including Chinese characters and Confucianism, as part of its own heritage and envisions contributing to 
their future development (Pu, 2002). The Confucius Institute in South Korea effectively promotes martial arts culture (Piao 
& Du, 2010). Additionally, some South Korean film directors incorporate Chinese elements into their films, recognizing and 
appreciating Chinese culture. Films co-directed by Chinese and South Korean filmmakers are particularly well-received, 
appreciated for their cross-cultural storytelling, historical contexts, and cultural exchanges (Jin, 2020; Liu, 2019). 
However, Chinese cultural dissemination in South Korea has encountered obstacles. Political and economic factors have 
recently caused fluctuations in the historically strong relations between the two countries. Incidents such as the THAAD 
deployment have led to strained relations and intermittent interruptions in cultural exchanges. Korean media reports on China 
exhibit diverse opinions, reflecting the complex and multifaceted attitudes of the Korean public towards China. There are 
significant challenges to effectively spreading Chinese culture and enhancing its impact on the Korean population. For 
instance, some South Korean films and TV dramas distort history, demonize Chinese cities, and vilify Chinese people, 
resulting in inaccurate, negative, and derogatory portrayals of Chinese culture (Li & Yu, 2023). Additionally, despite their 
popularity in Korean academia, classic Chinese literature like A Dream in Red Mansions and traditional culture like Mazu 
have received little attention among the general public due to cultural and religious reasons (Zheng, 2019).  
Efficiently disseminating Chinese culture globally has become a significant concern, as it enhances a country’s influence, 
supports its diplomatic strategy, and fosters economic collaboration, cultural confidence, social cohesion, and scientific and 
technological advancement. By implementing effective cultural communication strategies, China can play a more substantial 
role in globalization and promote world peace and development. To address existing obstacles, scholars have proposed various 
solutions. Jin and Jin (2023) highlight the importance of Chinese language education in South Korean universities to improve 
young people’s intercultural communication skills and cultural identity. Additionally, China should develop an independent 
cultural industry to boost cultural exports (Liu, 2006) and improve the efficiency and transparency of its film censorship to 
address the legislative gap in cultural communication strategy with South Korea (Xu, 2021). On a micro level, scholars suggest 
that filmmakers should balance media differences, integrate cultural elements, align with contemporary cultural discourse, 
and address the target audience's emotional and ethical perspectives to ensure successful reception in diverse markets (Zhang 
& Nie, 2024). Wang and Wang (2022) recommend using diverse communication channels and creating popular science 
readings to foster a broader appreciation and understanding of Chinese literary masterpieces. 



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

33 
 

Previous research has primarily concentrated on the historical roots of cultural interactions between China and Korea and 
their consequences. However, there is a lack of robust investigation into the contemporary ramifications of the diffusion of 
Chinese culture in Korea and the factors that shape it. This study aims to address the existing research gap by conducting an 
empirical investigation. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of Koreans’ understanding and fascination with 
Chinese culture, as well as the impact of its dissemination. By combining survey data with existing literature, the study 
presents specific recommendations for enhancing the dissemination effects of Chinese culture in Korea. These 
recommendations are supported by empirical evidence, providing a solid basis for improvement. 
2. Research Design 
2.1 Subjects of the study  
The subjects of this study are individuals of Korean nationality. A grand total of 181 questionnaires were obtained via an 
online survey, out of which 180 were deemed valid. The interviewees consisted of individuals from various educational and 
professional backgrounds in Korea, with 16.1% falling within the age range of 18-25 and 60.2% falling within the age range 
of 26-35. The age group of 36-45 represented 22 percent, while that of over 46 accounted for 1.7 percent. In general, there is 
a significant percentage of individuals who are young or in their middle age. The respondents encompass a diverse range of 
individuals, including students, education/researchers, culture/media practitioners, and individuals from various backgrounds. 
The majority of respondents were university students (54.2%), with master's degree holders (30.5%), doctoral degree holders 
(13.6%), and high school graduates (1.7%) comprising smaller proportions. 
The surveyed population is stable, well-balanced, and representative of the research population that will be targeted in this 
study. These participants are capable of representing the general sentiment of young people in the Korean society towards 
Chinese culture. 
2.2 Content of the Study 
This study aims to investigate the impact of the dissemination of Chinese culture in Korea. The research in question 
encompasses the following two aspects. Firstly, the level of Korean people’s understanding and interest with Chinese culture. 
The study focuses on examining the general perception of Chinese culture among the Korean population and their level of 
familiarity with specific aspects of Chinese culture. Furthermore, this pertains to the assessment made by Korean individuals 
regarding the impact of Chinese cultural exchange and their recommendations. The study extensively and thoroughly 
examined the impact of communication resonance, the major challenges in communication, and the extent to which the 
communication process has been fully acknowledged. 
2.3 Methodology  
This study employs a quantitative research methodology and gathers data through a comprehensive questionnaire. The 
questionnaire comprises inquiries that cover various aspects, including accessibility, overall perception, and familiarity with 
Chinese cultural intricacies, obstacles to comprehension, specific areas of interest, and dissemination effectiveness. 
Descriptive statistics were employed to analyze the data, and the gathered information was condensed and examined to obtain 
a comprehensive understanding of the Korean public’s awareness and acceptance of Chinese culture. 
3. Korean People’s Perception of Chinese Culture 
The investigation into Korean people’s perception of Chinese culture focused on three main areas: overall impression, detailed 
perception, and cognitive barriers. To assess the overall impression, the questionnaire included questions about the ways 
Koreans understand Chinese culture, their evaluation of its overall impression, and their cognitive level regarding it. To 
explore the detailed perception, the questionnaire asked about the traditional content that best represents Chinese culture and 
the most favored Chinese festivals. For the cognitive barriers, respondents were directly asked to identify factors such as 
“language barriers”, “cultural differences”, “lack of channels”, “difficulty in understanding content”, and “other potential 
obstacles”. 
3.1 The general perception of Chinese culture among Korean people 
The extent of Korean people’s familiarity with Chinese culture is influenced by their exposure to Chinese cultural elements, 
their overall perception of Chinese culture, and their understanding of specific aspects of Chinese culture. 
The findings of the questionnaire survey indicate that the primary source of Korean people’s understanding of Chinese culture 
is news media (37.2%), followed by books and newspapers (18.9%), other means (18.3%), tourism activities (15%), and 
cultural lectures (10.6%).  
Koreans primarily acquire knowledge about Chinese culture through the official news media, particularly the mainstream 
media in South Korea. Their initial exposure to Chinese culture occurs through local news reports and other channels, which 
is then followed by engaging in travel activities. A significant number of Koreans travel to China due to the geographical 



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

34 
 

proximity of the two countries. Furthermore, their initial encounter with Chinese culture occurred through printed media such 
as books and newspapers. A limited cohort of individuals were introduced to Chinese culture initially via foreign social media, 
Chinese songs, television, and films. This indicates that the dissemination of Chinese culture in South Korea is insufficiently 
extensive. The promotion on social media and other activities, in particular, is insufficient.  
Regarding the overall impression of Chinese culture, 15% of individuals express a strong interest, 36.3% show a moderate 
interest, 30% lack interest, and 18.7% have no interest at all. In general, the Korean population’s perception of Chinese culture 
exhibits a clear trend of polarization. Approximately 50% of the participants hold a favorable general perception of Chinese 
culture and exhibit a degree of curiosity towards it, thereby establishing a solid basis for the dissemination of Chinese culture 
in South Korea. Nevertheless, the remaining half of the participants displayed minimal enthusiasm towards Chinese culture, 
suggesting that there is ample opportunity for enhancing the dissemination of Chinese culture in South Korea. 
According to the survey respondents, the Korean demonstrates a considerable level of awareness regarding Chinese culture. 
52.3% of the participants selected the category “general,” while 31.7% had limited knowledge on the subject, and 27% 
possessed a relatively high level of knowledge. Based on the provided data, it is evident that the Korean population’s 
understanding of Chinese culture exhibits a distinct hierarchy. The majority of individuals possess a superficial and limited 
comprehension of Chinese culture, a significant portion of the population lacks awareness of it, and only a minority have a 
profound understanding of it. This indicates that there is a certain basis for the dissemination of Chinese culture in Korea, but 
further efforts are required to enhance its extent and scope. It is necessary to increase the scope of cultural dissemination and 
enhance awareness among this specific group of people through increased publicity and educational initiatives. Additionally, 
it is necessary to offer cultural activities of good quality in order to enhance their comprehension of Chinese culture. 
3.2 The extensive understanding of Chinese culture among Korean people 
The survey was conducted to assess the Korean people’s understanding of the fundamental essence of Chinese culture and 
traditional cultural elements, with the aim of gaining insight into their knowledge of the Chinese spirit. 
Poetry, music, and folk art are the traditional cultural elements that have gained greater recognition and acceptance among 
the Korean people. Specifically, 39.4% of the population acknowledges poetry, while 37.2% acknowledges music. This 
suggests that these cultural forms are more successful in capturing and maintaining the audience’s attention due to their diverse 
nature, interesting content, and widespread distribution channels. While the percentage of individuals opting for calligraphy 
and Chinese painting is relatively low (16.7%), this particular group exhibits a greater level of appreciation and awareness 
towards the art. This suggests that calligraphy and Chinese painting hold a significant influence in the high-end cultural 
market. 
The preferred festivals among Koreans are Chinese New Year (39.4%), Mid-Autumn Festival (13.3%), Dragon Boat Festival 
(7.6%), Lantern Festival (2.5%), and an uncertain percentage (39.7%) who are unsure about Chinese festivals. These statistics 
indicate that Chinese New Year, being the most significant traditional festival in China, holds a considerable level of 
recognition and attraction in Korea. The extensive impact of the Chinese New Year can be ascribed to the abundant cultural 
events, robust media campaigns, and targeted promotions in Sino-Korean cultural exchanges. In addition, South Korea is 
home to several Chinatowns where residents also partake in Spring Festival traditions such as posting spring couplets and 
hanging lanterns in their homes. The Mid-Autumn Festival has effectively promoted Chinese festival culture to the local 
population through these explicit celebrations. Nevertheless, the Mid-Autumn Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, and Lantern 
Festival are less well-known and embraced in comparison to the Spring Festival. Approximately 33% of the individuals 
surveyed expressed uncertainty regarding the traditional festivals celebrated in China. This indicates a lack of effective 
publicity and promotion of traditional Chinese festivals in Korea. Therefore, there is a need to improve cultural dissemination 
in order to enhance the Korean public's knowledge and understanding of traditional Chinese festivals. 



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

35 
 

 
Figure 3.2-1 Preferred Chinese Festivals among Koreans 

 
3.3 Obstacles in comprehending Chinese culture 
A separate survey was conducted to examine the obstacles faced by Korean individuals in comprehending Chinese culture. 
These barriers also serve as impediments to the dissemination of culture. The survey results indicate that the primary issue is 
the language barrier, accounting for 47.4% of the respondents’ concerns. This is followed by cultural differences at 41.6%, 
while lack of channels and difficult-to-understand content account for 6% and 5% respectively. Communication can be 
hindered by multiple obstacles, with language barriers and cultural differences being the primary factors that need to be 
addressed in order to enhance communication effectiveness. 
The Chinese culture has a long and intricate history, with abundant layers of meaning. For Koreans who are newly exposed 
to Chinese culture, comprehending these profound cultural foundations may appear overly complex and challenging. In 
addition, Koreans who are not acquainted with Chinese culture may find it challenging to comprehend various aspects of it, 
including ancient poems and calligraphy, which are considered classic works and cultural expressions. Another issue arises 
from the absence of clear instructions and explanations during the dissemination process. When it comes to disseminating 
Chinese culture, there is a dearth of effective guidance and explanation, resulting in numerous cultural elements being 
presented in a manner that is not easily comprehensible. This, in turn, amplifies the challenge of understanding. 

Figure 3.2-2 Obstacles in Comprehending Chinese Culture 
Currently, the channels through which Chinese culture is spread in Korea are quite limited, primarily relying on traditional 
media and sporadic cultural events. This approach falls short of fully utilizing modern technology and new media platforms 
for dissemination. Despite the existence of cultural exchanges between China and Korea, the frequency and extent of these 
exchanges remain inadequate to effectively reach the general public. 
4. Assessment and Recommendations on Chinese Cultural Exchange 
In the questionnaire survey, Korean people were evaluated on the effectiveness of Chinese cultural dissemination and provided 
suggestions for improving the dissemination process in Korea. The evaluation of the dissemination effect focused on four 
main aspects: “overall impact”, “level of resonance”, “difficulties and obstacles encountered during dissemination”, and 



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

36 
 

“adherence to the dissemination process”. For the communication suggestion survey, respondents were asked about effective 
channels, forms, methods of communication, and target audience groups. A multiple-choice format was used for the 
communication suggestions survey. 
4.1 Assessment of the impact of Chinese cultural communication on the Korean population 
The assessment of the dissemination impact primarily relies on four factors: “overall impact”, “level of resonance”, 
“difficulties and obstacles encountered during dissemination”, and “adherence to the dissemination process” An investigation 
was conducted to determine if the communication process was fully respected. The findings are as follows.   
The majority of respondents rated dissemination effectiveness as poor (42.7%), followed by fair (32.8%), good (12.2%), very 
poor (7%), and very good (5.3%). Approximately 50% of the participants hold the belief that the distribution of information 
is inadequate and requires substantial enhancement. This implies that the current methods of communication and content are 
inadequate in reaching and captivating this particular audience, highlighting notable deficiencies and the necessity for 
enhancement. 33.3% of the participants regarded the communication's effectiveness as average. The proportions of 
respondents who rated the effectiveness of Chinese culture communication as “very good” and “good” were approximately 
17.5%, indicating that a small number of participants expressed satisfaction with it. The survey revealed that the majority of 
Koreans held a neutral stance towards the impact of Chinese culture, considering it to be average and lacking a profound 
impact. 
Resonance levels were ranked in descending order based on percentage, with ‘average’ accounting for the highest percentage 
at 43.3%. Subsequently, there is a 23.9% occurrence of ‘a little resonance’, followed by 16.7% where no resonance is present, 
and finally 15% where there is a greater degree of resonance. The survey results indicate that a significant majority of the 
respondents (78.6%) had average or below average levels of resonance towards the dissemination content of Chinese culture. 
This suggests that the dissemination content failed to effectively resonate with the majority of the audience. Furthermore, it 
indicates that they possess certain emotional responses towards the content of Chinese culture, albeit not profound or intense 
enough. Consequently, there exists a discernible disparity in their level of acceptance of the culture. 
To identify the most significant challenges in dissemination, a multiple-choice question is posed to the respondents, and the 
survey findings are as follows. The primary issue identified by the participants is the cultural disparity, constituting 54.4% of 
the responses. This indicates that Korean individuals are significantly impacted by the divergences in cultural origins and 
principles when engaging with and comprehending Chinese culture. Next, language barriers are reported at a rate of 30 
percent, suggesting that differences in language significantly impact the communication and comprehension of cultural 
content. The homogenization of content was measured at 27.2%, which suggests a dearth of diversity and originality in the 
cultural content that is currently being conveyed. A total of 7.22% of the participants expressed concerns about the sole 
method of communication, indicating that the current communication channels are inadequate in effectively reaching and 
involving the target audience. The remaining individuals constituted 3.3 percent of the overall population. Additional concerns 
encompass limited opportunities for exposure, unfavorable impressions or attitudes towards China, discriminatory perceptions 
of Koreans, and international diplomatic relations. Respondents reported a dearth of familiarity with Chinese culture, which 
hampers their comprehension and enthusiasm for it. Due to the limited usage of social media and platforms like Google, 
Instagram, and YouTube in China, there is a scarcity of information about China on these platforms, and some of the available 
information is unfavorable. Consequently, the chance for Korean individuals to acquire knowledge about Chinese culture is 
diminished. Furthermore, due to the political rhetoric, South Korean media exhibits a greater tendency to disseminate adverse 
information regarding China, encompassing political conflicts and environmental issues. This inclination may foster bias 
against Chinese culture among the South Korean populace. For instance, the installation of the THAAD anti-missile system 
in South Korea in 2016 provoked a robust response from China, resulting in strained relations between the two nations and a 
decline in cultural interactions. Contrary to the abundance of negative news, there is a scarcity of positive reports and 
introductions regarding Chinese culture, leading to a restricted public comprehension of Chinese culture. 
  



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

37
 

 

 
Figure 4.1-3 Challenges during the Dissemination 

 
In the end, a survey has been conducted to determine the level of respect given to Chinese culture during the process of 
dissemination. The findings indicate that 45.4% of the participants hold the belief that Chinese culture is generally regarded 
with respect during its dissemination in Korea. The statement suggests that most Koreans acknowledge that while Chinese 
culture has been given a certain level of fundamental admiration during its spread, it still lacks in certain aspects and depth, 
leaving room for further enhancement. The proportion of individuals who did not receive adequate respect amounted to 38.8%, 
suggesting that a substantial segment of the Korean population harbors a more unfavorable perception regarding the level of 
respect for Chinese cultural communication. This segment of the audience may have experienced bias or misinterpretation in 
cross-cultural communication, resulting in their perception that Chinese culture has not received adequate reverence. 
4.2 Recommendations regarding the promotion of Chinese culture 
The primary focus of the dissemination suggestions revolved around the examination of dissemination channels, modes of 
dissemination, techniques of dissemination, and target audience segments. The multiple-choice question was adopted. 
According to the survey results, tourism projects are regarded as the most efficient means of communication, comprising 
approximately 53.9%. This implies that facilitating Korean tourists to directly engage with Chinese culture through tourism 
initiatives is the most appealing and efficient means of communication. Tourism programs offer direct interaction and 
firsthand experience of Chinese culture, which can amplify tourists’ fascination and connection with Chinese culture. The 
mainstream media and cultural and creative industries follow, representing 41.7% and 35.0% respectively. This indicates that 
the spread of Chinese culture through mass media and innovative cultural products holds significant promise. The mainstream 
media has the ability to reach a wide range of audiences quickly and has a significant impact on them. The mainstream media 
holds significant credibility among a large number of individuals and has the ability to enhance the authoritative nature of 
communicated content. By utilizing films, animation, games, and other popular forms of entertainment, Chinese culture can 
be effectively disseminated and its global impact can be strengthened. Cultural and educational institutions comprise 22.8% 
of the total, highlighting the significance of imparting cultural knowledge to the younger generation through structured cultural 
education. Educational institutions exert a significant impact on the younger generation, fostering their curiosity and sense of 
belonging towards Chinese culture.  



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

38 
 

 

Figure 4.2-1 Dissemination Suggestions 
 
Cultural exchange activities are regarded as the most effective means of dissemination, constituting approximately 56.7%. 
This suggests that the most appealing and efficient way to communicate is by directly showcasing and sharing Chinese culture 
through cultural exchange activities. Following that, cooperative school-running programs accounted for 17.8% of the total, 
suggesting that systematic education is a significant method for culturally disseminating information to international students. 
Sporting events and economic and trade exchanges constituted 12.6% and 10.0% respectively, suggesting that cultural 
diffusion through sports events and business exchanges also holds some promise. 

Figure 4.2-2 Effective Dissemination Means 
When it comes to methods of communication, digital museums and VR/AR technology are regarded as the most efficient 
ways to integrate modern technology and improve the effectiveness of Chinese cultural communication. They account for 
26.8% and 26.1% respectively. This suggests that by utilizing digital museums, virtual reality, and augmented reality 
technologies, it is possible to create immersive cultural experiences and provide convenient access, thereby improving the 
dissemination of Chinese culture. The utilization of artificial intelligence and live interaction contributed to 24.6% and 22.0% 
of the results, respectively. This suggests that the promotion of Chinese culture in Korea can be significantly improved through 
the implementation of intelligent, customized cultural services and immediate interactive communication methods. 
The two most significant audience groups for dissemination are university students and tourists, comprising 29.8% and 29.7% 
respectively. It suggests that promoting Chinese culture can be effectively achieved through higher education, cultural 
exchange activities, tourism programs, and cultural experience activities. Cultural practitioners constitute the second most 
significant category, comprising 16.4 percent of the overall total. This indicates that the dissemination and promotion of 
culture through professional avenues is also a crucial means of cultural expression. Although primary and secondary school 
students make up a smaller percentage (13.2%), it is crucial to cultivate their cultural awareness and interest through the 
education system in the long run. 
The survey examined the concerns that the Korean public believes require attention when Chinese culture becomes globalized. 
The most significant factors to consider were the disparities in cross-cultural backgrounds and the improvement of audience 
engagement, accounting for 31.0% and 26.8% respectively. This implies that in order to improve the effectiveness of 



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

39 
 

communication when promoting Chinese culture, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of and show respect for 
the diverse cultural backgrounds, as well as employ interactive methods of communication. The increase in the appeal of 
cultural content and the expansion of product variety contributed to 21.0% and 11.6% respectively. This suggests that 
international audiences can be effectively engaged by captivating and diverse cultural content. 
5. Analysis and suggestions  
5.1 Overview evaluation 
This study aims to analyze the present state and impacts of the dissemination of Chinese culture in Korea. The results of the 
aforementioned research are analyzed and summarized into three primary aspects.  
1.1.1 A need for enhancement in cultural awareness and interest 
The survey results indicate notable disparities in Koreans’ perception of Chinese culture. The majority of Koreans possess a 
certain level of familiarity with Chinese culture; however, the extent and scope of this knowledge are still inadequate. Even 
within the broad scope of cultural awareness, such as traditional festivals. Although there is a lack of knowledge about Chinese 
culture among some Koreans, over 50 percent of the respondents express either a “considerable” or “intense” interest in 
Chinese culture, suggesting a significant level of curiosity and eagerness to further explore Chinese cultural aspects. 
Nevertheless, there are still certain individuals who express a complete lack of interest or only a minimal interest in Chinese 
culture. This indicates that there is a need to enhance the appeal of cultural communication to cater to audiences with varying 
levels of interest. 
5.1.2 A lack of effective communication and a low level of resonance 
Despite widespread interest in Chinese culture, the impact and level of resonance are relatively low. Over 60% of respondents 
indicated an “average” or “low resonance” level, suggesting that Chinese culture fails to evoke emotional resonance and 
identification among Korean audiences during the cultural dissemination process. This suggests that Chinese culture has not 
effectively evoked strong emotional connection and identification among Korean during the communication process. This 
demonstrates that the current communication methods and content are insufficient in satisfying the requirements of the 
audience. In the future, cultural communication should prioritize enhancing the appeal and variety of content, expanding the 
scope and richness of culture, and catering to the diverse requirements of audiences across various levels. 
5.1.3Cultural disparities and linguistic obstacles impeding effective dissemination 
The primary challenges faced in contemporary communication are cultural disparities and linguistic obstacles. Cultural 
disparities hinder the cultural resonance between the two sides during the dissemination process, leading to Koreans feeling 
unfamiliar and uneasy when exposed to Chinese culture. Additionally, the language barrier prevents them from fully 
comprehending and embracing the profound cultural implications of Chinese culture. The presence of these two hindrances 
has had a substantial impact on the dissemination of Chinese culture in Korea, necessitating the implementation of efficacious 
strategies to surmount them. 
5.2 Suggestions  
Considering the issues identified in the study’s findings, the following suggestions are proposed to enhance the promotion of 
Chinese culture in Korea. 
5.2.1Streamline the cultural content and augment the appeal and variety of the cultural content 
To effectively spread Chinese culture in Korea, it is imperative to offer culturally enriching content that is both accessible and 
comprehensible. The complexity of comprehending cultural content can be diminished through engaging and captivating 
modes of communication. The integration of music, games, fashion, science, and technology into the dissemination of Chinese 
culture serves to enrich the modes of expressing cultural content. Additionally, it helps to overcome language barriers, 
enhances the diversity and hierarchical nature of dissemination, and makes cultural transmission more dynamic and lifelike. 
Furthermore, contemporary cultural elements are incorporated alongside traditional culture. Contemporary culture possesses 
the attributes of style, originality, and engagement, which can successfully captivate the interest and involvement of the 
younger demographic, while also fostering greater understanding and diminishing the feelings of detachment and unease 
stemming from differences. It has the ability to disseminate Chinese culture in a more subtle manner. It is possible to create 
film and TV productions that depict the social life and culture of contemporary China. These productions can showcase the 
lifestyle, social transformations, and technological advancements of modern China, with the aim of making the cultural 
content more relatable to Korean audiences in their everyday lives.  
   Chinese culture can be made more appealing and captivating by incorporating engaging narratives, entertaining elements, 
and vibrant expressions. Create culturally diverse content tailored to the specific needs of audiences of various age groups. 



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

40 
 

Enhance the provision of guidance and elucidation on cultural content to facilitate audiences' comprehension and embrace of 
Chinese culture. 
5.2.2Integrate contemporary technology to broaden communication channels and amplify the interactivity of communication. 
Utilize multimedia platforms to enhance the distribution channels and frequency of Chinese cultural dissemination, and 
extensively disseminate Chinese cultural content through television, the internet, social media, and other mediums. Utilize 
platforms like YouTube and other video-sharing websites to disseminate Chinese cultural content, including historical 
documentaries, cultural lectures, and travel videos, with the aim of captivating a larger audience. Alternatively, utilize popular 
social media platforms like Instagram and TikTok to share concise videos showcasing Chinese culture, aiming to engage and 
captivate younger viewers through enjoyable and interactive content. In addition, you can initiate challenges that revolve 
around Chinese culture (e.g. #DiscoverChina) or cultural challenges, such as cultural quizzes and handicraft challenges. These 
challenges aim to stimulate audience engagement and encourage them to share their accomplishments. By doing so, the 
content gains more visibility and becomes more interactive through active participation and sharing. 
5.2.3Facilitate immersive cultural experience programs to promote and enrich cross-cultural exchange and foster mutual 
understanding. 
To foster greater mutual understanding and tolerance between the two populations and mitigate the challenges posed by 
cultural disparities, it is imperative to engage in additional cross-cultural exchange initiatives, such as cultural festivals, 
cultural exchange visits, and collaborative projects. Offer immersive cultural communication techniques, such as virtual 
reality (VR) cultural experiences and interactive cultural activities, to enhance audience engagement and provide a more 
authentic cultural experience. Utilize virtual reality (VR) technology to replicate China's historical sites and landmarks, 
including the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses. This will enable audiences to embark 
on virtual tours of these cultural sites using VR equipment, immersing themselves in the magnificence and historical ambiance 
of these locations. One can also create virtual reality projects that offer cultural experiences, such as virtual festivals and 
reenactments of historical events. This allows viewers to participate in traditional festivals, major historical events, and other 
cultural experiences through virtual reality, thereby enhancing their cultural immersion. Virtual cultural workshops can be 
conducted online, allowing viewers to actively engage through live broadcasting or videoconferencing. This provides an 
opportunity to learn traditional Chinese skills, such as calligraphy, painting, and tea art, remotely. 
5.2.4Offer superior translation resources and expert elucidations to acquire a more profound comprehension of Chinese culture 
and mitigate misinterpretations. 
To enhance the dissemination of Chinese culture in Korea, we should improve the availability of high-quality translation 
resources, including literature, audiovisual productions, and cultural initiatives. Collaboration with reputable translation 
agencies and linguistic specialists is essential to ensure precision and smoothness in translations. Additionally, increasing the 
availability of Chinese language courses and learning opportunities within the Korean education system is crucial. Offering 
scholarships and exchange programs can further incentivize students to pursue Chinese language acquisition. Employing 
contemporary technology, such as online language learning platforms, applications, and virtual classrooms, will provide more 
adaptable and convenient methods for language acquisition. 
Engaging Korean cultural specialists in Chinese culture promotion initiatives can enhance communication by leveraging their 
unique perspectives and interpretations. Alternatively, inviting renowned Chinese scholars to deliver comprehensive lectures 
on Chinese history and culture at Korean universities and cultural centers can facilitate a deeper understanding of Chinese 
culture among Korean audiences. 
Implementing these strategies can significantly strengthen the dissemination and impact of Chinese culture in South Korea, 
leading to enhanced mutual understanding and amicable relations between the two populations. Consistently striving for 
progress and enhancements can help Chinese culture achieve broader dissemination and global recognition, thereby enriching 
and diversifying world culture. 
6. Conclusion 
The study effectively demonstrates the multifaceted nature of Chinese cultural dissemination in South Korea, highlighting 
both the successes and the areas needing improvement. Through various channels such as educational exchanges, media 
collaborations, and cultural events, China has managed to significantly enhance its cultural influence and foster greater 
understanding between the two nations. However, the research also points out the challenges posed by cultural differences 
and the necessity for more nuanced and targeted approaches to maximize the effectiveness of these dissemination efforts. 
Future strategies should focus on deepening the engagement through localized content and sustained cultural dialogue to build 
a more robust and enduring cultural bridge between China and South Korea. 
  



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

41 
 

References  
Hu, X., McLean, D. (2020). Globalization and Cultural Diplomacy: China’s Approach. Global Policy, 11(3), 350-364. 
Jin, H.M., Jin, G. Z. (2023). The Cultivation Strategies of Chinese Cultural Identity in Korean Language Teaching in Colleges 

and Universities. Journal of Yanbian University (Social Sciences), 56(04): 75-81. [In Chinese: , , (2023). 
. ( ),56(04):75-81+143.] 

Jin, M. S., Wang, Q.Q. (2024). Chinese Writing in Korean Literature in the New Century. Korean Teaching and Research, 
(01):86-93. [In Chinese: , . . , (01):86-93.] 

Jin, Y.H. (2020). On the “Going Out” of Culture through Chinese Elements in Korean Movies. Journal of Lingnan Normal 
University, 41(06):77-85. [In Chinese: , (2020).  “ ”. 

, 41(06), 77-85.]  
Lee, J. (2020). The Korean Wave and Chinese Cultural Consumption. Asian Cultural Studies, 19(4), 301-319. 
Li, Y.Y., Yu, Q. (2023). The Construction of Chinese Elements in Korean Film and Television in Cross-cultural Perspective. 

Press Outpost, (18):24-26. [ , . . , (18):24-26.] 
Liu, Y. (2019). China’s Cultural Diplomacy and Soft Power in the Modern Era. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 

25(6), 672-688. 
Liu, Y. H. (2006). The Influence of Korean Film and Drama on Chinese Cultural Communication. Journalism Lover, (04):49. 

[In Chinese: , (2006). . , (04):49.] 
Piao, Y. Z., Du, S. S. (2010). On Wushu Culture International Communication Based on Confucius Institute Model: A Case 

Study of South Korea. Journal of Shenyang Sport University, 29(01):125-128. [In Chinese: , , (2010). 
—— . , 29(01):125-128.] 

Pu, Z. P. (2002). The Dissemination and Development of Chinese Culture in South Korea. Journal of Hanjiang Normal 
University, (01):43-47. [In Chinese: , (2002). . , (01):43-47.] 

Wang, Z., Wang, L. (2022). A Review of Studies on the Dissemination of Chinese TV Dramas in Vietnam and South Korea 
under High Context Cultures. West China Broadcasting TV, 43(20):108-110. [In Chinese: , . 

. , 43 (20):108-110.] 
Xu, H. T. (2021). A Study of the Interaction between the Korean Film and Television Industry and the National Cultural 

Communication Strategy. Journal of News Research, 12(17):94-96. [In Chinese: . 
. 12 (17):94-96.] 

Xu, L.D., Kuang, W.L. (2019). The Dilemma and Strategies of Spreading Chinese Classical Culture: A Dream in Red 
Mansions as an Example to Illustrate the Frustration and Countermeasures of Telling Chinese Stories in Korea. Journal 
of Dali University, 4(07):62-66. [In Chinese: ——

. 4 (07):62-66.] 
Zhang, Y., Nie, Z. T. Cross-media and Cross-cultural Exploration: A Study of Chinese Film Adaptation of Korean Web 

Comics. Movie Literature, (12):3-10. [In Chinese: , . ——
. , (12):3-10.] 

Zheng, H. (2019). The Spread and Status of A-Ma Culture in Korea in the Context of “Chinese Culture Going Out”. Cultural 
Journal, (01):52-54. [In Chinese: , (2019). “ ” . 
, 2019, (01): 52-54.] 

Appendix 

          

        .  
 ,          .  

      ,       . 
           .  

        .      
           .   



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

42 
 

, .        , 
  !  

          ,         
.

  

 

 

 

 

 

       .    ,   . 
 

A.   

1.      ?  

A.   B.   C.   D. /  E.  (   : ________) 

2.      ?  

A.    B.   C.  D.    E.    (   : 
________) 

3.         ?  

A.   B.   C.   D.    E.  (   : 
________) 

4.      ?  

A.    B.   C.  D.    E.    (   : ________) 

5.        ? 

 A.  ~  B.   C.  D.  E.   



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

43 
 

6.       ?  

A.   B.  C.  D.    E.    

7.       ? (  

A.  B.  C.   D.  E.  (   : ________) 

 

B.    

 

8. 

(

 



Communication across Borders: Translation & Interpreting; Vol. 04 No. 01 (2024) 
ISSN (online): 2766-791X 
ISSN (print):    2770-6354  

 

44 
 

(

(

(

(

(

 
 
 
  


