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Q7 S`Q;`�K@ KBM;- J2bb�;BM;- �M/ 6Q`K�H *QMi`QHX GQM;pB2r S`2bbX �/H2K�M- G2QM�`/ URNN9VX dzJQH2+mH�` *QKTmi�iBQM Q7 aQHm@ iBQMb iQ *QK#BM�iQ`B�H S`Q#H2KbǴX AM, a+B2M+2 keeX8R3d- TTX RykRĜRyk9X /QB, RyXRRkefb+B2M+2XdNdje8RX "2?2- JB+?�2H UkyyeVX .�`rBMǶb "H�+F "QtX *QM�Mi- _ * �M/ _ �b?#v URNdyVX dz1p2`v :QQ/ _2;mH�iQ` Q7 � avbi2K Jmbi #2 � JQ/2H Q7 i?�i avbi2KǴX AM, AMi2`M�iBQM�H CQm`M�H Q7 avbi2Kb a+B2M+2 RXk- TTX 3NĜNdX .2K#bFB- q � URNN3VX h?2 .2bB;M AM72`2M+2X *�K#`B/;2 lMB@ p2`bBiv S`2bbX CQ?MbQM- .QM�H/ UkyRyVX S`Q;`�KKBM; Q7 GB72X a+?QHi2M- . G UkyRyVX 1p2`v :QQ/ E2v Jmbi #2 � JQ/2H Q7 i?2 GQ+F Bi PT2Mb Uh?2 *QM�Mi � �b?#v h?2Q`2K _2pBbBi2/VX oQB2- �H#2`i UkyyeVX dz"BQHQ;B+�H 6mM+iBQM �M/ i?2 :2M2iB+ *Q/2 �`2 AMi2`/2T2M/2MiǴX AM, *?�Qb- aQHBiQMb- �M/ 6`�+@ i�Hb k3X9X pQM L2mK�MM- C URNeeVX h?2Q`v Q7 a2H7@_2T`Q/m+BM; �m@ iQK�i�X l`#�M�, lMBp2`bBiv Q7 AHHBMQBb S`2bbX qB2M2`- L URN93VX *v#2`M2iB+b, P` *QMi`QH �M/ *QKKmMB+�@ iBQM BM i?2 �MBK�H �M/ i?2 J�+?BM2X JAh S`2bbX https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7973651 About This Journal The Purpose of the Journal Paper Submission Policies Other Journal Content From the Editors Eugenio DarbesioEugenio DarbesioA Corollary of the Conant-Ashby Theorem Applied to Abiogenesis Robert SheldonRobert SheldonComets, Water, and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Introduction Benefits of a Magnetized Big Bang and Dark Matter Comets Consequences of Primordial Comets Analysis Conclusions Acknowledgments Robert J Marks IIRobert J Marks IISolution of the Grazing Goat Problem: A Conflict between Beauty and Pragmatism Background Grazing Goat Problem Solution Grazing Goat Problem Inversion Final Thought Letters and Notes Eric Holloway2D Puzzle Visualizations of Boolean Formulae Jonathan BartlettThe Products of Hyperreal Series and the Limitations of Cauchy Products Tom and Elizabeth SiewertFollowing the Science News