id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cana-3440	Sofi. A. Francis	Mathematical Insights and Applications of K-Means Clustering in Diabetes Data Analysis	2025	12	.pdf	application/pdf	4204	215	49	Model Formulation The objective of K-Means clustering is to partition a set of n diabetic patients into K clusters, minimizing the within-cluster sum of squares (WCSS). Objective Function: Minimize the total within-cluster variance: Minimize ∑ ∑ ||𝒙𝒊 − 𝒄𝒌||𝟐 𝒙𝒊∈𝑪𝒌 𝑲 𝒌=𝟏 Where: ck is the centroid of cluster k, Ck is the set of patients assigned to cluster k, xi − ck 2 represents the squared Euclidean distance between patient i and the centroid of cluster k. Constraints: Each patient must be assigned to exactly one cluster: ∑ 𝒚𝒊𝒌 𝑲 𝒌=𝟏 = 1 ∀ i ∈ 1, 2,…….	cache/cana-3440.pdf	txt/cana-3440.txt