id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
cana-4333	1	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	1	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	1	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	1	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	1	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	1	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	1	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	1	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	1	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	1	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	1	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	1	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	2	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	2	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	2	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	2	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	3	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	3	2	1829	1829	NUM
cana-4333	3	3	ai	ai	VERB
cana-4333	3	4	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	3	5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	3	6	representation	representation	NOUN
cana-4333	3	7	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	3	8	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	3	9	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	3	10	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	3	11	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	3	12	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cana-4333	3	13	-up	-up	X
cana-4333	3	14	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	3	15	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	3	16	sripathi.s1	sripathi.s1	PROPN
cana-4333	3	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	3	18	shanthi	shanthi	PROPN
cana-4333	3	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	4	1	p.m2	p.m2	NOUN
cana-4333	5	1	1research	1research	NUM
cana-4333	5	2	scholar	scholar	NOUN
cana-4333	5	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	4	department	department	NOUN
cana-4333	5	5	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	5	6	computer	computer	NOUN
cana-4333	5	7	science	science	NOUN
cana-4333	5	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	9	jj	jj	PROPN
cana-4333	5	10	college	college	PROPN
cana-4333	5	11	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	5	12	arts	art	NOUN
cana-4333	5	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	5	14	science	science	NOUN
cana-4333	5	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	16	puthukottai	puthukottai	PROPN
cana-4333	5	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	18	bharathidasan	bharathidasan	ADJ
cana-4333	5	19	university	university	NOUN
cana-4333	5	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	21	tiruchirapalli	tiruchirapalli	PROPN
cana-4333	5	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	23	tamilnadu	tamilnadu	NOUN
cana-4333	5	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	25	india-620124	india-620124	ADJ
cana-4333	5	26	orcid	orcid	NOUN
cana-4333	5	27	i	i	NOUN
cana-4333	5	28	d	d	NOUN
cana-4333	5	29	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	30	0009	0009	NUM
cana-4333	5	31	-	-	SYM
cana-4333	5	32	0003	0003	NUM
cana-4333	5	33	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	34	0188	0188	NUM
cana-4333	5	35	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	36	4952	4952	NUM
cana-4333	5	37	2assistant	2assistant	NUM
cana-4333	5	38	professor	professor	NOUN
cana-4333	5	39	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	40	department	department	NOUN
cana-4333	5	41	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	5	42	computer	computer	NOUN
cana-4333	5	43	science	science	NOUN
cana-4333	5	44	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	45	jj	jj	PROPN
cana-4333	5	46	college	college	PROPN
cana-4333	5	47	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	5	48	arts	art	NOUN
cana-4333	5	49	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	5	50	science	science	NOUN
cana-4333	5	51	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	52	puthukottai	puthukottai	NOUN
cana-4333	5	53	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	54	tamilnadu	tamilnadu	ADJ
cana-4333	5	55	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	56	india-622422	india-622422	ADJ
cana-4333	5	57	orcid	orcid	NOUN
cana-4333	5	58	i	i	NOUN
cana-4333	5	59	d	d	NOUN
cana-4333	5	60	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	61	0000	0000	NUM
cana-4333	5	62	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	63	0002	0002	NUM
cana-4333	5	64	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	65	9318	9318	NUM
cana-4333	5	66	-	-	SYM
cana-4333	5	67	6312	6312	NUM
cana-4333	5	68	e	e	NOUN
cana-4333	5	69	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	5	70	mail	mail	NOUN
cana-4333	5	71	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	72	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	5	73	sripathimarch1982@gmail.com	sripathimarch1982@gmail.com	NOUN
cana-4333	5	74	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	75	2	2	NUM
cana-4333	5	76	shanthisuman28@gmail.com	shanthisuman28@gmail.com	NOUN
cana-4333	5	77	article	article	NOUN
cana-4333	5	78	history	history	NOUN
cana-4333	5	79	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	80	received	receive	VERB
cana-4333	5	81	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	82	07	07	NUM
cana-4333	5	83	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	84	01	01	NUM
cana-4333	5	85	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	86	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	5	87	revised	revise	VERB
cana-4333	5	88	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	89	06	06	NUM
cana-4333	5	90	-	-	SYM
cana-4333	5	91	02	02	NUM
cana-4333	5	92	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	93	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	5	94	accepted	accept	VERB
cana-4333	5	95	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	96	18	18	NUM
cana-4333	5	97	-	-	SYM
cana-4333	5	98	03	03	NUM
cana-4333	5	99	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	100	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	5	101	abstract	abstract	NOUN
cana-4333	5	102	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	103	a	a	DET
cana-4333	5	104	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cana-4333	5	105	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	106	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	5	107	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	5	108	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	5	109	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	5	110	ai	ai	ADV
cana-4333	5	111	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	5	112	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	5	113	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	5	114	representation	representation	NOUN
cana-4333	5	115	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	5	116	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	5	117	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	5	118	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	5	119	utilizes	utilize	VERB
cana-4333	5	120	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	5	121	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	5	122	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	5	123	natural	natural	ADJ
cana-4333	5	124	language	language	NOUN
cana-4333	5	125	processing	processing	NOUN
cana-4333	5	126	to	to	PART
cana-4333	5	127	uncover	uncover	VERB
cana-4333	5	128	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	5	129	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	5	130	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	6	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	6	2	method	method	NOUN
cana-4333	6	3	begins	begin	VERB
cana-4333	6	4	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	6	5	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4333	6	6	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	6	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	6	8	identifying	identify	VERB
cana-4333	6	9	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	6	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	6	11	extracting	extract	VERB
cana-4333	6	12	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	6	13	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	6	14	text	text	NOUN
cana-4333	6	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	6	16	metadata	metadata	NOUN
cana-4333	6	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	6	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	6	19	user	user	NOUN
cana-4333	6	20	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
cana-4333	6	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	7	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
cana-4333	7	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cana-4333	7	3	rule	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	7	4	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	7	5	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	7	6	top	top	ADJ
cana-4333	7	7	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	7	8	down	down	ADP
cana-4333	7	9	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	7	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	7	11	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	7	12	gradually	gradually	ADV
cana-4333	7	13	builds	build	VERB
cana-4333	7	14	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	7	15	through	through	ADP
cana-4333	7	16	unsupervised	unsupervised	ADJ
cana-4333	7	17	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	7	18	semi	semi	ADJ
cana-4333	7	19	-	-	ADJ
cana-4333	7	20	supervised	supervised	ADJ
cana-4333	7	21	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	7	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	7	23	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cana-4333	7	24	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	7	25	over	over	ADP
cana-4333	7	26	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	7	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	8	1	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4333	8	2	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	8	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	8	4	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	8	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	8	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	8	7	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	8	8	clustering	cluster	VERB
cana-4333	8	9	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	8	10	aid	aid	NOUN
cana-4333	8	11	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	8	12	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
cana-4333	8	13	authentic	authentic	ADJ
cana-4333	8	14	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	8	15	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	8	16	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	8	17	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	9	1	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	9	2	continuously	continuously	ADV
cana-4333	9	3	adapting	adapt	VERB
cana-4333	9	4	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	9	5	new	new	ADJ
cana-4333	9	6	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	9	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	9	8	this	this	DET
cana-4333	9	9	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	9	10	improves	improve	VERB
cana-4333	9	11	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	9	12	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	9	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	9	14	making	make	VERB
cana-4333	9	15	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	9	16	more	more	ADV
cana-4333	9	17	effective	effective	ADJ
cana-4333	9	18	against	against	ADP
cana-4333	9	19	evolving	evolve	VERB
cana-4333	9	20	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
cana-4333	9	21	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cana-4333	9	22	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	9	23	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	9	24	platforms	platform	NOUN
cana-4333	9	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	10	1	detecting	detect	VERB
cana-4333	10	2	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	10	3	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	10	4	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	10	5	crucial	crucial	ADJ
cana-4333	10	6	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	10	7	maintaining	maintain	VERB
cana-4333	10	8	the	the	DET
cana-4333	10	9	integrity	integrity	NOUN
cana-4333	10	10	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	10	11	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	10	12	platforms	platform	NOUN
cana-4333	10	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	11	1	ai	ai	VERB
cana-4333	11	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	11	3	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	11	4	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	11	5	representation	representation	NOUN
cana-4333	11	6	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	11	7	a	a	DET
cana-4333	11	8	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cana-4333	11	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	11	10	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	11	11	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	11	12	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	11	13	provides	provide	VERB
cana-4333	11	14	an	an	DET
cana-4333	11	15	effective	effective	ADJ
cana-4333	11	16	solution	solution	NOUN
cana-4333	11	17	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	11	18	identifying	identify	VERB
cana-4333	11	19	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	11	20	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	11	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	12	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
cana-4333	12	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cana-4333	12	3	rule	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	12	4	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	12	5	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	12	6	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	12	7	that	that	PRON
cana-4333	12	8	depend	depend	VERB
cana-4333	12	9	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	12	10	predefined	predefine	VERB
cana-4333	12	11	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	12	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	12	13	this	this	DET
cana-4333	12	14	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	12	15	begins	begin	VERB
cana-4333	12	16	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	12	17	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4333	12	18	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	12	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	12	20	gradually	gradually	ADV
cana-4333	12	21	builds	build	VERB
cana-4333	12	22	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	12	23	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	12	24	analysing	analyse	VERB
cana-4333	12	25	text	text	NOUN
cana-4333	12	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	12	27	metadata	metadata	NOUN
cana-4333	12	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	12	29	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	12	30	user	user	NOUN
cana-4333	12	31	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
cana-4333	12	32	leveraging	leverage	VERB
cana-4333	12	33	unsupervised	unsupervised	ADJ
cana-4333	12	34	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	12	35	semi	semi	ADJ
cana-4333	12	36	-	-	ADJ
cana-4333	12	37	supervised	supervised	ADJ
cana-4333	12	38	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	12	39	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	12	40	the	the	DET
cana-4333	12	41	system	system	NOUN
cana-4333	12	42	enhances	enhance	VERB
cana-4333	12	43	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	12	44	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	12	45	over	over	ADP
cana-4333	12	46	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	12	47	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	12	48	allowing	allow	VERB
cana-4333	12	49	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	12	50	to	to	PART
cana-4333	12	51	adapt	adapt	VERB
cana-4333	12	52	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	12	53	evolving	evolve	VERB
cana-4333	12	54	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	12	55	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cana-4333	12	56	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	13	1	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	13	2	such	such	ADJ
cana-4333	13	3	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	13	4	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4333	13	5	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	13	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	13	7	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	13	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	13	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	13	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	13	11	clustering	cluster	VERB
cana-4333	13	12	help	help	NOUN
cana-4333	13	13	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
cana-4333	13	14	authentic	authentic	ADJ
cana-4333	13	15	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	13	16	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	13	17	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	13	18	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	13	19	examining	examine	VERB
cana-4333	13	20	writing	write	VERB
cana-4333	13	21	styles	style	NOUN
cana-4333	13	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	13	23	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
cana-4333	13	24	trends	trend	NOUN
cana-4333	13	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	13	26	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	13	27	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	13	28	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
cana-4333	13	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	14	1	this	this	PRON
cana-4333	14	2	enables	enable	VERB
cana-4333	14	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	14	4	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	14	5	to	to	PART
cana-4333	14	6	detect	detect	VERB
cana-4333	14	7	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
cana-4333	14	8	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	14	9	more	more	ADV
cana-4333	14	10	effectively	effectively	ADV
cana-4333	14	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	15	1	a	a	DET
cana-4333	15	2	key	key	ADJ
cana-4333	15	3	advantage	advantage	NOUN
cana-4333	15	4	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	15	5	this	this	DET
cana-4333	15	6	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cana-4333	15	7	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	15	8	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	15	9	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	15	10	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	15	11	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	15	12	ability	ability	NOUN
cana-4333	15	13	to	to	PART
cana-4333	15	14	continuously	continuously	ADV
cana-4333	15	15	learn	learn	VERB
cana-4333	15	16	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	15	17	new	new	ADJ
cana-4333	15	18	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	15	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	15	20	making	make	VERB
cana-4333	15	21	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	15	22	more	more	ADV
cana-4333	15	23	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
cana-4333	15	24	than	than	ADP
cana-4333	15	25	static	static	ADJ
cana-4333	15	26	rule	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	15	27	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	15	28	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	15	29	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4333	15	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	16	1	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	16	2	refines	refine	VERB
cana-4333	16	3	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	16	4	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	16	5	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cana-4333	16	6	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	16	7	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	16	8	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	16	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	16	10	helping	help	VERB
cana-4333	16	11	platforms	platform	NOUN
cana-4333	16	12	stay	stay	VERB
cana-4333	16	13	ahead	ahead	ADV
cana-4333	16	14	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	16	15	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
cana-4333	16	16	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
cana-4333	16	17	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	16	18	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	16	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	17	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	17	2	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
cana-4333	17	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	17	4	ai	ai	ADJ
cana-4333	17	5	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	17	6	driven	drive	VERB
cana-4333	17	7	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	17	8	ensures	ensure	VERB
cana-4333	17	9	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4333	17	10	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	17	11	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	17	12	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	17	13	identified	identify	VERB
cana-4333	17	14	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	17	15	greater	great	ADJ
cana-4333	17	16	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	17	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	17	18	fostering	foster	VERB
cana-4333	17	19	trust	trust	NOUN
cana-4333	17	20	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	17	21	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	17	22	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	17	23	across	across	ADP
cana-4333	17	24	e	e	NOUN
cana-4333	17	25	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	17	26	commerce	commerce	NOUN
cana-4333	17	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	17	28	travel	travel	NOUN
cana-4333	17	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	17	30	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	17	31	service	service	NOUN
cana-4333	17	32	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	17	33	oriented	orient	VERB
cana-4333	17	34	platforms	platform	NOUN
cana-4333	17	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	18	1	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	18	2	summary	summary	NOUN
cana-4333	18	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	18	4	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	18	5	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	18	6	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	18	7	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	18	8	representation	representation	NOUN
cana-4333	18	9	through	through	ADP
cana-4333	18	10	a	a	DET
cana-4333	18	11	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cana-4333	18	12	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	18	13	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	18	14	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	18	15	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	18	16	offers	offer	VERB
cana-4333	18	17	a	a	DET
cana-4333	18	18	scalable	scalable	ADJ
cana-4333	18	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	18	20	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
cana-4333	18	21	method	method	NOUN
cana-4333	18	22	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	18	23	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	18	24	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	18	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	19	1	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	19	2	capacity	capacity	NOUN
cana-4333	19	3	to	to	PART
cana-4333	19	4	evolve	evolve	VERB
cana-4333	19	5	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	19	6	emerging	emerge	VERB
cana-4333	19	7	threats	threat	NOUN
cana-4333	19	8	makes	make	VERB
cana-4333	19	9	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	19	10	an	an	DET
cana-4333	19	11	mailto:sripathimarch1982@gmail.com	mailto:sripathimarch1982@gmail.com	NOUN
cana-4333	19	12	mailto:shanthisuman28@gmail.com	mailto:shanthisuman28@gmail.com	PROPN
cana-4333	19	13	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	19	14	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	19	15	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	19	16	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	19	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	19	18	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	19	19	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	19	20	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	19	21	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	19	22	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	19	23	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	19	24	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	20	1	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	20	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	21	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	21	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	21	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	21	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	22	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	22	2	1830	1830	NUM
cana-4333	22	3	essential	essential	ADJ
cana-4333	22	4	tool	tool	NOUN
cana-4333	22	5	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	22	6	preserving	preserve	VERB
cana-4333	22	7	the	the	DET
cana-4333	22	8	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
cana-4333	22	9	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	22	10	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	22	11	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	22	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	22	13	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cana-4333	22	14	transparency	transparency	NOUN
cana-4333	22	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	22	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	22	17	boosting	boost	VERB
cana-4333	22	18	consumer	consumer	NOUN
cana-4333	22	19	confidence	confidence	NOUN
cana-4333	22	20	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	22	21	digital	digital	ADJ
cana-4333	22	22	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
cana-4333	22	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	1	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	23	2	present	present	VERB
cana-4333	23	3	an	an	DET
cana-4333	23	4	innovative	innovative	ADJ
cana-4333	23	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cana-4333	23	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	23	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	23	8	six	six	NUM
cana-4333	23	9	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	23	10	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	23	11	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	23	12	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	23	13	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	23	14	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	23	15	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	23	16	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	17	long	long	ADJ
cana-4333	23	18	short	short	ADJ
cana-4333	23	19	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	20	term	term	NOUN
cana-4333	23	21	memory	memory	NOUN
cana-4333	23	22	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4333	23	23	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	24	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	23	25	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	27	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
cana-4333	23	28	gradient	gradient	ADJ
cana-4333	23	29	descent	descent	NOUN
cana-4333	23	30	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	31	sgd	sgd	NOUN
cana-4333	23	32	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	33	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	34	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4333	23	35	via	via	ADP
cana-4333	23	36	regression	regression	NOUN
cana-4333	23	37	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	38	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	23	39	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	40	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	41	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	23	42	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	43	random	random	ADJ
cana-4333	23	44	tree	tree	NOUN
cana-4333	23	45	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	46	rt	rt	NOUN
cana-4333	23	47	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	48	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	23	49	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	23	50	k	k	X
cana-4333	23	51	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	23	52	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	23	53	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	24	1	our	our	PRON
cana-4333	24	2	study	study	NOUN
cana-4333	24	3	provides	provide	VERB
cana-4333	24	4	a	a	DET
cana-4333	24	5	thorough	thorough	ADJ
cana-4333	24	6	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-4333	24	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	24	8	these	these	DET
cana-4333	24	9	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	24	10	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	24	11	a	a	DET
cana-4333	24	12	large	large	ADJ
cana-4333	24	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	24	14	scale	scale	NOUN
cana-4333	24	15	amazon	amazon	NOUN
cana-4333	24	16	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	24	17	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	24	18	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4333	24	19	containing	contain	VERB
cana-4333	24	20	26.7	26.7	NUM
cana-4333	24	21	million	million	NUM
cana-4333	24	22	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	24	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	25	1	to	to	PART
cana-4333	25	2	improve	improve	VERB
cana-4333	25	3	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	25	4	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4333	25	5	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	25	6	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
cana-4333	25	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	25	8	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	25	9	implement	implement	VERB
cana-4333	25	10	a	a	DET
cana-4333	25	11	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
cana-4333	25	12	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	25	13	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4333	25	14	process	process	NOUN
cana-4333	25	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	26	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	26	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	26	3	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	26	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
cana-4333	26	5	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	26	6	multiple	multiple	ADJ
cana-4333	26	7	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-4333	26	8	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4333	26	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	26	10	including	include	VERB
cana-4333	26	11	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	26	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	26	13	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	26	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	26	15	recall	recall	NOUN
cana-4333	26	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	26	17	f	f	X
cana-4333	26	18	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	26	19	measure	measure	NOUN
cana-4333	26	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	26	21	roc	roc	PROPN
cana-4333	26	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	26	23	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	26	24	prc	prc	PROPN
cana-4333	26	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	26	26	ensuring	ensure	VERB
cana-4333	26	27	a	a	DET
cana-4333	26	28	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cana-4333	26	29	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cana-4333	26	30	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	26	31	each	each	DET
cana-4333	26	32	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	26	33	's	's	PART
cana-4333	26	34	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cana-4333	26	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
cana-4333	27	2	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	3	long	long	ADJ
cana-4333	27	4	short	short	ADJ
cana-4333	27	5	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	6	term	term	NOUN
cana-4333	27	7	memory	memory	NOUN
cana-4333	27	8	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4333	27	9	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	10	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	27	11	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	13	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
cana-4333	27	14	gradient	gradient	ADJ
cana-4333	27	15	descent	descent	NOUN
cana-4333	27	16	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	17	sgd	sgd	NOUN
cana-4333	27	18	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	20	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4333	27	21	via	via	ADP
cana-4333	27	22	regression	regression	NOUN
cana-4333	27	23	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	24	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	27	25	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	27	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	27	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	29	random	random	ADJ
cana-4333	27	30	tree	tree	NOUN
cana-4333	27	31	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	32	rt	rt	NOUN
cana-4333	27	33	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	34	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	35	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	27	36	k	k	X
cana-4333	27	37	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	27	38	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	27	39	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	27	40	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	41	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cana-4333	27	42	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	27	43	today	today	NOUN
cana-4333	27	44	’s	’s	PART
cana-4333	27	45	digital	digital	ADJ
cana-4333	27	46	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cana-4333	27	47	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	48	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	27	49	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	27	50	significantly	significantly	ADV
cana-4333	27	51	impact	impact	VERB
cana-4333	27	52	consumer	consumer	NOUN
cana-4333	27	53	decisions	decision	NOUN
cana-4333	27	54	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	27	55	shaping	shape	VERB
cana-4333	27	56	purchasing	purchase	VERB
cana-4333	27	57	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
cana-4333	27	58	across	across	ADP
cana-4333	27	59	e	e	NOUN
cana-4333	27	60	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	27	61	commerce	commerce	NOUN
cana-4333	27	62	platforms	platform	NOUN
cana-4333	27	63	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	28	1	shoppers	shopper	NOUN
cana-4333	28	2	depend	depend	VERB
cana-4333	28	3	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	28	4	these	these	DET
cana-4333	28	5	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	28	6	to	to	PART
cana-4333	28	7	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cana-4333	28	8	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	28	9	quality	quality	NOUN
cana-4333	28	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	28	11	compare	compare	ADJ
cana-4333	28	12	options	option	NOUN
cana-4333	28	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	28	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	28	15	make	make	VERB
cana-4333	28	16	informed	informed	ADJ
cana-4333	28	17	choices	choice	NOUN
cana-4333	28	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	29	1	however	however	ADV
cana-4333	29	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	29	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	29	4	rise	rise	NOUN
cana-4333	29	5	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	29	6	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	29	7	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	29	8	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4333	29	9	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	29	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	29	11	biased	biased	ADJ
cana-4333	29	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	29	13	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	29	14	manipulated	manipulate	VERB
cana-4333	29	15	feedback	feedback	NOUN
cana-4333	29	16	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4333	29	17	poses	pose	VERB
cana-4333	29	18	a	a	DET
cana-4333	29	19	major	major	ADJ
cana-4333	29	20	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cana-4333	29	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	29	22	eroding	erode	VERB
cana-4333	29	23	trust	trust	NOUN
cana-4333	29	24	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	29	25	transparency	transparency	NOUN
cana-4333	29	26	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	29	27	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	29	28	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
cana-4333	29	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	30	1	these	these	DET
cana-4333	30	2	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
cana-4333	30	3	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	30	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	30	5	often	often	ADV
cana-4333	30	6	generated	generate	VERB
cana-4333	30	7	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	30	8	bots	bot	NOUN
cana-4333	30	9	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	30	10	malicious	malicious	ADJ
cana-4333	30	11	users	user	NOUN
cana-4333	30	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	30	13	aim	aim	VERB
cana-4333	30	14	to	to	PART
cana-4333	30	15	mislead	mislead	VERB
cana-4333	30	16	buyers	buyer	NOUN
cana-4333	30	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	30	18	artificially	artificially	ADV
cana-4333	30	19	boost	boost	VERB
cana-4333	30	20	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	30	21	ratings	rating	NOUN
cana-4333	30	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	30	23	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	30	24	harm	harm	NOUN
cana-4333	30	25	competitors	competitor	NOUN
cana-4333	30	26	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	31	1	combating	combat	VERB
cana-4333	31	2	this	this	DET
cana-4333	31	3	issue	issue	NOUN
cana-4333	31	4	requires	require	VERB
cana-4333	31	5	advanced	advanced	ADJ
cana-4333	31	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	31	7	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
cana-4333	31	8	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	31	9	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	31	10	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cana-4333	31	11	capable	capable	ADJ
cana-4333	31	12	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	31	13	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
cana-4333	31	14	genuine	genuine	ADJ
cana-4333	31	15	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	31	16	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	31	17	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	31	18	ones	one	NOUN
cana-4333	31	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	32	1	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cana-4333	32	2	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cana-4333	32	3	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	32	4	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	32	5	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	32	6	has	have	AUX
cana-4333	32	7	emerged	emerge	VERB
cana-4333	32	8	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	32	9	a	a	DET
cana-4333	32	10	powerful	powerful	ADJ
cana-4333	32	11	solution	solution	NOUN
cana-4333	32	12	to	to	PART
cana-4333	32	13	address	address	VERB
cana-4333	32	14	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	32	15	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	32	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cana-4333	32	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	32	18	offering	offer	VERB
cana-4333	32	19	automated	automate	VERB
cana-4333	32	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	32	21	scalable	scalable	ADJ
cana-4333	32	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	32	23	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	32	24	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
cana-4333	32	25	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	32	26	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	33	1	one	one	NUM
cana-4333	33	2	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	33	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	33	4	most	most	ADV
cana-4333	33	5	effective	effective	ADJ
cana-4333	33	6	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cana-4333	33	7	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	33	8	this	this	DET
cana-4333	33	9	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-4333	33	10	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	33	11	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	33	12	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	33	13	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	33	14	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	33	15	representation	representation	NOUN
cana-4333	33	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	33	17	which	which	DET
cana-4333	33	18	structures	structure	NOUN
cana-4333	33	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	33	20	analyses	analyse	VERB
cana-4333	33	21	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	33	22	to	to	PART
cana-4333	33	23	uncover	uncover	VERB
cana-4333	33	24	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
cana-4333	33	25	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	33	26	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	34	1	within	within	ADP
cana-4333	34	2	this	this	DET
cana-4333	34	3	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4333	34	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	34	5	the	the	DET
cana-4333	34	6	bottom	bottom	NOUN
cana-4333	34	7	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	34	8	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	34	9	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	34	10	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	34	11	plays	play	VERB
cana-4333	34	12	a	a	DET
cana-4333	34	13	vital	vital	ADJ
cana-4333	34	14	role	role	NOUN
cana-4333	34	15	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	34	16	incrementally	incrementally	ADV
cana-4333	34	17	building	build	VERB
cana-4333	34	18	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	34	19	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	34	20	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4333	34	21	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	34	22	instead	instead	ADV
cana-4333	34	23	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	34	24	relying	rely	VERB
cana-4333	34	25	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	34	26	predefined	predefine	VERB
cana-4333	34	27	rules	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	34	28	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	34	29	top	top	ADJ
cana-4333	34	30	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	34	31	down	down	ADP
cana-4333	34	32	heuristics	heuristic	NOUN
cana-4333	34	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	35	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	35	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	35	3	enhances	enhance	VERB
cana-4333	35	4	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
cana-4333	35	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	35	6	enabling	enable	VERB
cana-4333	35	7	the	the	DET
cana-4333	35	8	system	system	NOUN
cana-4333	35	9	to	to	PART
cana-4333	35	10	dynamically	dynamically	ADV
cana-4333	35	11	evolve	evolve	VERB
cana-4333	35	12	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	35	13	response	response	NOUN
cana-4333	35	14	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	35	15	emerging	emerge	VERB
cana-4333	35	16	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	35	17	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	35	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	35	19	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
cana-4333	35	20	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cana-4333	35	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	36	1	1.1	1.1	NUM
cana-4333	36	2	understanding	understand	VERB
cana-4333	36	3	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	36	4	representation	representation	NOUN
cana-4333	36	5	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	36	6	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	36	7	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	36	8	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	36	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	36	10	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	36	11	representation	representation	NOUN
cana-4333	36	12	involves	involve	VERB
cana-4333	36	13	structuring	structure	VERB
cana-4333	36	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	36	15	organizing	organize	VERB
cana-4333	36	16	information	information	NOUN
cana-4333	36	17	so	so	SCONJ
cana-4333	36	18	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4333	36	19	machines	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	36	20	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	36	21	interpret	interpret	VERB
cana-4333	36	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	36	23	learn	learn	VERB
cana-4333	36	24	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	36	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	36	26	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	36	27	make	make	VERB
cana-4333	36	28	informed	informed	ADJ
cana-4333	36	29	decisions	decision	NOUN
cana-4333	36	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	37	1	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	37	2	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	37	3	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	37	4	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	37	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	37	6	this	this	DET
cana-4333	37	7	process	process	NOUN
cana-4333	37	8	entails	entail	VERB
cana-4333	37	9	encoding	encode	VERB
cana-4333	37	10	textual	textual	ADJ
cana-4333	37	11	content	content	NOUN
cana-4333	37	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	37	13	user	user	NOUN
cana-4333	37	14	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
cana-4333	37	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	37	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	37	17	metadata	metadata	VERB
cana-4333	37	18	into	into	ADP
cana-4333	37	19	structured	structured	ADJ
cana-4333	37	20	formats	format	NOUN
cana-4333	37	21	that	that	PRON
cana-4333	37	22	enable	enable	VERB
cana-4333	37	23	pattern	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	37	24	recognition	recognition	NOUN
cana-4333	37	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
cana-4333	38	2	conventional	conventional	ADJ
cana-4333	38	3	rule	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	38	4	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	5	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	38	6	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	38	7	that	that	PRON
cana-4333	38	8	depend	depend	VERB
cana-4333	38	9	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	38	10	manually	manually	ADV
cana-4333	38	11	designed	design	VERB
cana-4333	38	12	heuristics	heuristic	NOUN
cana-4333	38	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	14	ai	ai	ADJ
cana-4333	38	15	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	16	driven	drive	VERB
cana-4333	38	17	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	38	18	representation	representation	NOUN
cana-4333	38	19	leverages	leverage	NOUN
cana-4333	38	20	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	38	21	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	38	22	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	23	ml	ml	NOUN
cana-4333	38	24	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	25	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	38	26	natural	natural	ADJ
cana-4333	38	27	language	language	NOUN
cana-4333	38	28	processing	processing	NOUN
cana-4333	38	29	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	30	nlp	nlp	NOUN
cana-4333	38	31	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	32	to	to	PART
cana-4333	38	33	automatically	automatically	ADV
cana-4333	38	34	identify	identify	VERB
cana-4333	38	35	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	38	36	classify	classify	VERB
cana-4333	38	37	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	38	38	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	38	39	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	38	40	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	38	41	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
cana-4333	38	42	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	43	statistical	statistical	ADJ
cana-4333	38	44	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	45	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	38	46	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
cana-4333	38	47	attributes.a	attributes.a	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	48	major	major	ADJ
cana-4333	38	49	advantage	advantage	NOUN
cana-4333	38	50	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	38	51	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	38	52	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	38	53	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	38	54	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	38	55	representation	representation	NOUN
cana-4333	38	56	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	38	57	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	38	58	ability	ability	NOUN
cana-4333	38	59	to	to	PART
cana-4333	38	60	generalize	generalize	VERB
cana-4333	38	61	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	38	62	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	38	63	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	38	64	recognize	recognize	VERB
cana-4333	38	65	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	38	66	beyond	beyond	ADP
cana-4333	38	67	simple	simple	ADJ
cana-4333	38	68	keyword	keyword	NOUN
cana-4333	38	69	matching	matching	NOUN
cana-4333	38	70	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	39	1	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	39	2	utilizing	utilize	VERB
cana-4333	39	3	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4333	39	4	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	39	5	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	39	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	39	7	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	39	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	39	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	39	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	39	11	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	39	12	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	39	13	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	39	14	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	39	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	39	16	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	39	17	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	39	18	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	39	19	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	39	20	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	39	21	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	39	22	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	39	23	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	39	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	40	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	40	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	40	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	40	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	40	5	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	40	6	1831	1831	NUM
cana-4333	40	7	clustering	cluster	VERB
cana-4333	40	8	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	40	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	40	10	ai	ai	AUX
cana-4333	40	11	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4333	40	12	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	40	13	detect	detect	VERB
cana-4333	40	14	subtle	subtle	ADJ
cana-4333	40	15	irregularities	irregularity	NOUN
cana-4333	40	16	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	40	17	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	40	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	40	19	such	such	ADJ
cana-4333	40	20	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	40	21	unnatural	unnatural	ADJ
cana-4333	40	22	writing	writing	NOUN
cana-4333	40	23	styles	style	NOUN
cana-4333	40	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	40	25	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cana-4333	40	26	repetition	repetition	NOUN
cana-4333	40	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	40	28	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	40	29	abrupt	abrupt	ADJ
cana-4333	40	30	increases	increase	NOUN
cana-4333	40	31	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	40	32	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	40	33	activity	activity	NOUN
cana-4333	40	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	41	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
cana-4333	41	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	41	3	these	these	DET
cana-4333	41	4	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	41	5	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
cana-4333	41	6	contextual	contextual	ADJ
cana-4333	41	7	factors	factor	NOUN
cana-4333	41	8	like	like	ADP
cana-4333	41	9	user	user	NOUN
cana-4333	41	10	credibility	credibility	NOUN
cana-4333	41	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	41	12	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	41	13	timestamps	timestamp	NOUN
cana-4333	41	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	41	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	41	16	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	41	17	polarity	polarity	NOUN
cana-4333	41	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	41	19	further	far	ADV
cana-4333	41	20	improving	improve	VERB
cana-4333	41	21	the	the	DET
cana-4333	41	22	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	41	23	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	41	24	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	41	25	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	41	26	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	42	1	1.2	1.2	NUM
cana-4333	42	2	the	the	DET
cana-4333	42	3	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cana-4333	42	4	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	42	5	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	42	6	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	42	7	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	42	8	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	42	9	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	42	10	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	42	11	the	the	DET
cana-4333	42	12	bottom	bottom	NOUN
cana-4333	42	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	42	14	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	42	15	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	42	16	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	42	17	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	42	18	a	a	DET
cana-4333	42	19	data	data	NOUN
cana-4333	42	20	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	42	21	driven	drive	VERB
cana-4333	42	22	methodology	methodology	NOUN
cana-4333	42	23	that	that	PRON
cana-4333	42	24	incrementally	incrementally	ADV
cana-4333	42	25	builds	build	VERB
cana-4333	42	26	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	42	27	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	42	28	starting	start	VERB
cana-4333	42	29	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	42	30	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4333	42	31	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	42	32	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	42	33	progressively	progressively	ADV
cana-4333	42	34	refining	refine	VERB
cana-4333	42	35	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	42	36	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cana-4333	42	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	43	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
cana-4333	43	2	the	the	DET
cana-4333	43	3	top	top	ADJ
cana-4333	43	4	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	43	5	down	down	ADP
cana-4333	43	6	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	43	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	43	8	which	which	PRON
cana-4333	43	9	relies	rely	VERB
cana-4333	43	10	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	43	11	predefined	predefine	VERB
cana-4333	43	12	rules	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	43	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	43	14	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
cana-4333	43	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	43	16	the	the	DET
cana-4333	43	17	bottom	bottom	NOUN
cana-4333	43	18	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	43	19	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	43	20	method	method	NOUN
cana-4333	43	21	enables	enable	VERB
cana-4333	43	22	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4333	43	23	to	to	PART
cana-4333	43	24	learn	learn	VERB
cana-4333	43	25	organically	organically	ADV
cana-4333	43	26	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	43	27	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	43	28	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	43	29	world	world	NOUN
cana-4333	43	30	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	43	31	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	44	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	44	2	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
cana-4333	44	3	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	44	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
cana-4333	44	5	advantageous	advantageous	ADJ
cana-4333	44	6	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	44	7	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	44	8	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	44	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	44	10	where	where	SCONJ
cana-4333	44	11	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
cana-4333	44	12	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cana-4333	44	13	continuously	continuously	ADV
cana-4333	44	14	evolve	evolve	VERB
cana-4333	44	15	to	to	PART
cana-4333	44	16	bypass	bypass	VERB
cana-4333	44	17	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cana-4333	44	18	rule	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	44	19	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	44	20	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	44	21	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	44	22	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	44	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	45	1	within	within	ADP
cana-4333	45	2	a	a	DET
cana-4333	45	3	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cana-4333	45	4	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	45	5	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	45	6	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	45	7	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4333	45	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	45	9	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	45	10	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	45	11	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	45	12	analyze	analyze	VERB
cana-4333	45	13	large	large	ADJ
cana-4333	45	14	volumes	volume	NOUN
cana-4333	45	15	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	45	16	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	45	17	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	45	18	to	to	PART
cana-4333	45	19	uncover	uncover	VERB
cana-4333	45	20	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
cana-4333	45	21	indicative	indicative	ADJ
cana-4333	45	22	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	45	23	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	45	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	46	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	46	2	process	process	NOUN
cana-4333	46	3	typically	typically	ADV
cana-4333	46	4	involves	involve	VERB
cana-4333	46	5	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	46	6	✓	✓	ADJ
cana-4333	46	7	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	46	8	extraction	extraction	NOUN
cana-4333	46	9	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	46	10	identifying	identify	VERB
cana-4333	46	11	key	key	ADJ
cana-4333	46	12	attributes	attribute	NOUN
cana-4333	46	13	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	46	14	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	46	15	text	text	NOUN
cana-4333	46	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	46	17	metadata	metadata	NOUN
cana-4333	46	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	46	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	46	20	user	user	NOUN
cana-4333	46	21	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
cana-4333	46	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	46	23	such	such	ADJ
cana-4333	46	24	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	46	25	word	word	NOUN
cana-4333	46	26	frequency	frequency	NOUN
cana-4333	46	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	46	28	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	46	29	scores	score	NOUN
cana-4333	46	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	46	31	reviewer	reviewer	VERB
cana-4333	46	32	credibility	credibility	NOUN
cana-4333	46	33	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	46	34	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	46	35	temporal	temporal	ADJ
cana-4333	46	36	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	46	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	47	1	✓	✓	ADJ
cana-4333	47	2	unsupervised	unsupervised	ADJ
cana-4333	47	3	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	47	4	semi	semi	ADJ
cana-4333	47	5	-	-	ADJ
cana-4333	47	6	supervised	supervised	ADJ
cana-4333	47	7	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	47	8	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	47	9	applying	apply	VERB
cana-4333	47	10	clustering	clustering	ADJ
cana-4333	47	11	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
cana-4333	47	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	47	13	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4333	47	14	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	47	15	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	47	16	to	to	PART
cana-4333	47	17	discover	discover	VERB
cana-4333	47	18	hidden	hidden	ADJ
cana-4333	47	19	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	47	20	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	47	21	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	47	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	47	23	even	even	ADV
cana-4333	47	24	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	47	25	the	the	DET
cana-4333	47	26	absence	absence	NOUN
cana-4333	47	27	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	47	28	labelled	label	VERB
cana-4333	47	29	examples	example	NOUN
cana-4333	47	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	48	1	✓	✓	ADJ
cana-4333	48	2	pattern	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	48	3	recognition	recognition	NOUN
cana-4333	48	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	48	5	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4333	48	6	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	48	7	training	training	NOUN
cana-4333	48	8	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-4333	48	9	to	to	PART
cana-4333	48	10	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
cana-4333	48	11	between	between	ADP
cana-4333	48	12	genuine	genuine	ADJ
cana-4333	48	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	48	14	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	48	15	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	48	16	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	48	17	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	48	18	learned	learn	VERB
cana-4333	48	19	representations	representation	NOUN
cana-4333	48	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	49	1	✓	✓	ADJ
cana-4333	49	2	continuous	continuous	ADJ
cana-4333	49	3	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	49	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	49	5	adaptation	adaptation	NOUN
cana-4333	49	6	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	49	7	updating	update	VERB
cana-4333	49	8	the	the	DET
cana-4333	49	9	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	49	10	as	as	SCONJ
cana-4333	49	11	new	new	ADJ
cana-4333	49	12	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	49	13	becomes	become	VERB
cana-4333	49	14	available	available	ADJ
cana-4333	49	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	49	16	refining	refining	NOUN
cana-4333	49	17	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	49	18	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cana-4333	49	19	over	over	ADP
cana-4333	49	20	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	49	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	50	1	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	50	2	continuously	continuously	ADV
cana-4333	50	3	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	50	4	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	50	5	user	user	NOUN
cana-4333	50	6	interactions	interaction	NOUN
cana-4333	50	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	50	8	emerging	emerge	VERB
cana-4333	50	9	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	50	10	trends	trend	NOUN
cana-4333	50	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	50	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	50	13	evolving	evolve	VERB
cana-4333	50	14	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
cana-4333	50	15	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	50	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	50	17	the	the	DET
cana-4333	50	18	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cana-4333	50	19	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	50	20	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	50	21	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	50	22	enhances	enhance	VERB
cana-4333	50	23	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	50	24	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	50	25	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	50	26	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	50	27	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	50	28	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	51	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	51	2	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
cana-4333	51	3	strengthens	strengthen	VERB
cana-4333	51	4	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	51	5	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	51	6	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4333	51	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	51	8	ensuring	ensure	VERB
cana-4333	51	9	the	the	DET
cana-4333	51	10	accurate	accurate	ADJ
cana-4333	51	11	identification	identification	NOUN
cana-4333	51	12	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	51	13	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	51	14	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	51	15	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	51	16	increasing	increase	VERB
cana-4333	51	17	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	51	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	52	1	1.3	1.3	NUM
cana-4333	52	2	key	key	NOUN
cana-4333	52	3	ai	ai	VERB
cana-4333	52	4	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	52	5	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	52	6	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	52	7	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	52	8	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	52	9	several	several	ADJ
cana-4333	52	10	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	52	11	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	52	12	driven	drive	VERB
cana-4333	52	13	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	52	14	contribute	contribute	VERB
cana-4333	52	15	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	52	16	effective	effective	ADJ
cana-4333	52	17	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	52	18	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	52	19	within	within	ADP
cana-4333	52	20	a	a	DET
cana-4333	52	21	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cana-4333	52	22	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	52	23	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	52	24	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	52	25	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4333	52	26	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	52	27	✓	✓	ADJ
cana-4333	52	28	natural	natural	ADJ
cana-4333	52	29	language	language	NOUN
cana-4333	52	30	processing	processing	NOUN
cana-4333	52	31	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	52	32	nlp	nlp	NOUN
cana-4333	52	33	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	52	34	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	52	35	nlp	nlp	NOUN
cana-4333	52	36	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	52	37	extract	extract	VERB
cana-4333	52	38	semantic	semantic	ADJ
cana-4333	52	39	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	52	40	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
cana-4333	52	41	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	52	42	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	52	43	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	52	44	text	text	NOUN
cana-4333	52	45	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	52	46	analyzing	analyze	VERB
cana-4333	52	47	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
cana-4333	52	48	structures	structure	NOUN
cana-4333	52	49	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	52	50	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	52	51	scores	score	NOUN
cana-4333	52	52	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	52	53	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	52	54	keyword	keyword	NOUN
cana-4333	52	55	usage	usage	NOUN
cana-4333	52	56	to	to	PART
cana-4333	52	57	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
cana-4333	52	58	authentic	authentic	ADJ
cana-4333	52	59	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	52	60	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	52	61	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	52	62	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	53	1	✓	✓	ADJ
cana-4333	53	2	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	53	3	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	53	4	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-4333	53	5	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	53	6	both	both	CCONJ
cana-4333	53	7	supervised	supervised	ADJ
cana-4333	53	8	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	53	9	unsupervised	unsupervised	ADJ
cana-4333	53	10	ml	ml	NOUN
cana-4333	53	11	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
cana-4333	53	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	53	13	including	include	VERB
cana-4333	53	14	support	support	NOUN
cana-4333	53	15	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4333	53	16	machines	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	53	17	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	53	18	svms	svms	NOUN
cana-4333	53	19	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	53	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	53	21	decision	decision	NOUN
cana-4333	53	22	trees	tree	NOUN
cana-4333	53	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	53	24	random	random	ADJ
cana-4333	53	25	forests	forest	NOUN
cana-4333	53	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	53	27	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	53	28	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4333	53	29	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4333	53	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	53	31	classify	classify	VERB
cana-4333	53	32	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	53	33	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	53	34	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	53	35	identified	identify	VERB
cana-4333	53	36	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	53	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	54	1	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4333	54	2	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	54	3	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	54	4	such	such	ADJ
cana-4333	54	5	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	54	6	recurrent	recurrent	ADJ
cana-4333	54	7	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4333	54	8	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4333	54	9	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	54	10	rnns	rnns	PROPN
cana-4333	54	11	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	54	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	54	13	transformer	transformer	NOUN
cana-4333	54	14	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	54	15	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	54	16	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	54	17	excel	excel	VERB
cana-4333	54	18	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	54	19	capturing	capture	VERB
cana-4333	54	20	contextual	contextual	ADJ
cana-4333	54	21	dependencies	dependency	NOUN
cana-4333	54	22	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	54	23	textual	textual	ADJ
cana-4333	54	24	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	54	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	55	1	✓	✓	ADJ
cana-4333	55	2	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	55	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	55	4	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	55	5	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
cana-4333	55	6	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	55	7	distribution	distribution	NOUN
cana-4333	55	8	across	across	ADP
cana-4333	55	9	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	55	10	helps	help	VERB
cana-4333	55	11	detect	detect	VERB
cana-4333	55	12	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
cana-4333	55	13	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	55	14	unnatural	unnatural	ADJ
cana-4333	55	15	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	55	16	spikes	spike	NOUN
cana-4333	55	17	that	that	PRON
cana-4333	55	18	may	may	AUX
cana-4333	55	19	indicate	indicate	VERB
cana-4333	55	20	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	55	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	56	1	✓	✓	ADJ
cana-4333	56	2	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
cana-4333	56	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	56	4	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	56	5	examining	examine	VERB
cana-4333	56	6	reviewer	reviewer	NOUN
cana-4333	56	7	behavior	behavior	NOUN
cana-4333	56	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	56	9	including	include	VERB
cana-4333	56	10	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	56	11	frequency	frequency	NOUN
cana-4333	56	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	56	13	length	length	NOUN
cana-4333	56	14	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	56	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	56	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	56	17	ip	ip	NOUN
cana-4333	56	18	addresses	address	NOUN
cana-4333	56	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	56	20	provides	provide	VERB
cana-4333	56	21	additional	additional	ADJ
cana-4333	56	22	insights	insight	NOUN
cana-4333	56	23	into	into	ADP
cana-4333	56	24	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	56	25	tendencies	tendency	NOUN
cana-4333	56	26	beyond	beyond	ADP
cana-4333	56	27	textual	textual	ADJ
cana-4333	56	28	content	content	NOUN
cana-4333	56	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	57	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	57	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	57	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	57	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	57	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	57	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	57	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	57	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	57	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	57	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	57	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	57	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	57	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	57	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	58	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	58	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	58	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	58	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	59	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	59	2	1832	1832	NUM
cana-4333	59	3	✓	✓	ADJ
cana-4333	59	4	graph	graph	NOUN
cana-4333	59	5	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	59	6	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	59	7	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	59	8	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	59	9	mapping	mapping	NOUN
cana-4333	59	10	relationships	relationship	NOUN
cana-4333	59	11	between	between	ADP
cana-4333	59	12	reviewers	reviewer	NOUN
cana-4333	59	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	59	14	products	product	NOUN
cana-4333	59	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	59	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	59	17	ratings	rating	NOUN
cana-4333	59	18	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	59	19	graph	graph	NOUN
cana-4333	59	20	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	59	21	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	59	22	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	59	23	reveals	reveal	VERB
cana-4333	59	24	suspicious	suspicious	ADJ
cana-4333	59	25	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	59	26	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4333	59	27	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	59	28	botdriven	botdriven	VERB
cana-4333	59	29	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	59	30	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
cana-4333	59	31	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	60	1	advantages	advantage	NOUN
cana-4333	60	2	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	60	3	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	60	4	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	60	5	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	60	6	bottom	bottom	NOUN
cana-4333	60	7	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	60	8	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	60	9	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	60	10	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	60	11	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	60	12	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	60	13	the	the	DET
cana-4333	60	14	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	60	15	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	60	16	driven	drive	VERB
cana-4333	60	17	bottom	bottom	NOUN
cana-4333	60	18	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	60	19	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	60	20	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	60	21	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	60	22	offers	offer	VERB
cana-4333	60	23	several	several	ADJ
cana-4333	60	24	benefits	benefit	NOUN
cana-4333	60	25	over	over	ADP
cana-4333	60	26	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cana-4333	60	27	rule	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	60	28	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	60	29	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	60	30	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	60	31	heuristic	heuristic	NOUN
cana-4333	60	32	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	60	33	driven	drive	VERB
cana-4333	60	34	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	60	35	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	60	36	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	60	37	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	60	38	•	•	NUM
cana-4333	60	39	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
cana-4333	60	40	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	60	41	evolving	evolve	VERB
cana-4333	60	42	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	60	43	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cana-4333	60	44	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	60	45	ai	ai	VERB
cana-4333	60	46	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	60	47	continuously	continuously	ADV
cana-4333	60	48	learn	learn	VERB
cana-4333	60	49	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	60	50	new	new	ADJ
cana-4333	60	51	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	60	52	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	60	53	making	make	VERB
cana-4333	60	54	them	they	PRON
cana-4333	60	55	more	more	ADV
cana-4333	60	56	resilient	resilient	ADJ
cana-4333	60	57	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	60	58	emerging	emerge	VERB
cana-4333	60	59	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
cana-4333	60	60	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cana-4333	60	61	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	61	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4333	61	2	enhanced	enhance	VERB
cana-4333	61	3	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	61	4	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	61	5	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	61	6	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	61	7	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	61	8	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	61	9	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4333	61	10	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	61	11	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	61	12	improve	improve	VERB
cana-4333	61	13	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4333	61	14	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	61	15	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	61	16	capturing	capture	VERB
cana-4333	61	17	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4333	61	18	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	61	19	within	within	ADP
cana-4333	61	20	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	61	21	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	61	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	62	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4333	62	2	reduced	reduce	VERB
cana-4333	62	3	reliance	reliance	NOUN
cana-4333	62	4	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	62	5	manual	manual	ADJ
cana-4333	62	6	rule	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	62	7	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	62	8	making	making	NOUN
cana-4333	62	9	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	62	10	unlike	unlike	ADP
cana-4333	62	11	top	top	ADJ
cana-4333	62	12	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	62	13	down	down	ADP
cana-4333	62	14	approaches	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	62	15	that	that	PRON
cana-4333	62	16	require	require	VERB
cana-4333	62	17	predefined	predefine	VERB
cana-4333	62	18	rules	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	62	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	62	20	the	the	DET
cana-4333	62	21	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cana-4333	62	22	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	62	23	up	up	ADP
cana-4333	62	24	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	62	25	automates	automate	NOUN
cana-4333	62	26	pattern	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	62	27	recognition	recognition	NOUN
cana-4333	62	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	62	29	minimizing	minimize	VERB
cana-4333	62	30	human	human	ADJ
cana-4333	62	31	intervention	intervention	NOUN
cana-4333	62	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	63	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4333	63	2	scalability	scalability	NOUN
cana-4333	63	3	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	63	4	large	large	ADJ
cana-4333	63	5	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4333	63	6	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	63	7	ai	ai	AUX
cana-4333	63	8	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	63	9	powered	power	VERB
cana-4333	63	10	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	63	11	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
cana-4333	63	12	process	process	VERB
cana-4333	63	13	vast	vast	ADJ
cana-4333	63	14	amounts	amount	NOUN
cana-4333	63	15	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	63	16	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	63	17	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	63	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	63	19	making	make	VERB
cana-4333	63	20	them	they	PRON
cana-4333	63	21	ideal	ideal	ADJ
cana-4333	63	22	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	63	23	large	large	ADJ
cana-4333	63	24	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	63	25	scale	scale	NOUN
cana-4333	63	26	e	e	NOUN
cana-4333	63	27	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	63	28	commerce	commerce	NOUN
cana-4333	63	29	platforms	platform	NOUN
cana-4333	63	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	64	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4333	64	2	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	64	3	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	64	4	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	64	5	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	64	6	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	64	7	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4333	64	8	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	64	9	utilizing	utilize	VERB
cana-4333	64	10	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	64	11	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	64	12	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	64	13	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	64	14	processing	processing	NOUN
cana-4333	64	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	64	16	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	64	17	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	64	18	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	64	19	detect	detect	VERB
cana-4333	64	20	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	64	21	flag	flag	NOUN
cana-4333	64	22	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	64	23	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	64	24	as	as	SCONJ
cana-4333	64	25	they	they	PRON
cana-4333	64	26	appear	appear	VERB
cana-4333	64	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	64	28	preventing	prevent	VERB
cana-4333	64	29	the	the	DET
cana-4333	64	30	spread	spread	NOUN
cana-4333	64	31	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	64	32	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
cana-4333	64	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	65	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	65	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	65	3	ensures	ensure	VERB
cana-4333	65	4	a	a	DET
cana-4333	65	5	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
cana-4333	65	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	65	7	efficient	efficient	ADJ
cana-4333	65	8	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	65	9	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	65	10	system	system	NOUN
cana-4333	65	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	65	12	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
cana-4333	65	13	the	the	DET
cana-4333	65	14	credibility	credibility	NOUN
cana-4333	65	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	65	16	transparency	transparency	NOUN
cana-4333	65	17	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	65	18	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	65	19	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	65	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	66	1	2	2	X
cana-4333	66	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	66	3	literature	literature	NOUN
cana-4333	66	4	review	review	VERB
cana-4333	66	5	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	66	6	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	66	7	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	66	8	written	write	VERB
cana-4333	66	9	without	without	ADP
cana-4333	66	10	any	any	DET
cana-4333	66	11	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	66	12	experience	experience	NOUN
cana-4333	66	13	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	66	14	the	the	DET
cana-4333	66	15	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	66	16	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	66	17	service	service	NOUN
cana-4333	66	18	they	they	PRON
cana-4333	66	19	're	be	AUX
cana-4333	66	20	about	about	ADP
cana-4333	66	21	[	[	X
cana-4333	66	22	3	3	NUM
cana-4333	66	23	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	66	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	67	1	they	they	PRON
cana-4333	67	2	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	67	3	be	be	AUX
cana-4333	67	4	written	write	VERB
cana-4333	67	5	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	67	6	people	people	NOUN
cana-4333	67	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	67	8	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	67	9	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
cana-4333	67	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	67	11	generated	generate	VERB
cana-4333	67	12	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	67	13	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
cana-4333	67	14	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	67	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	68	1	because	because	SCONJ
cana-4333	68	2	aigenerated	aigenerate	VERB
cana-4333	68	3	text	text	NOUN
cana-4333	68	4	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	68	5	so	so	ADV
cana-4333	68	6	advanced	advanced	ADJ
cana-4333	68	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	68	8	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	68	9	's	be	AUX
cana-4333	68	10	now	now	ADV
cana-4333	68	11	very	very	ADV
cana-4333	68	12	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cana-4333	68	13	to	to	PART
cana-4333	68	14	tell	tell	VERB
cana-4333	68	15	the	the	DET
cana-4333	68	16	difference	difference	NOUN
cana-4333	68	17	between	between	ADP
cana-4333	68	18	a	a	DET
cana-4333	68	19	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	68	20	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	68	21	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	68	22	a	a	DET
cana-4333	68	23	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	68	24	one	one	NUM
cana-4333	68	25	[	[	X
cana-4333	68	26	4	4	NUM
cana-4333	68	27	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	68	28	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	69	1	online	online	PROPN
cana-4333	69	2	platforms	platform	NOUN
cana-4333	69	3	make	make	VERB
cana-4333	69	4	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	69	5	easy	easy	ADJ
cana-4333	69	6	for	for	SCONJ
cana-4333	69	7	these	these	DET
cana-4333	69	8	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	69	9	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	69	10	to	to	PART
cana-4333	69	11	spread	spread	VERB
cana-4333	69	12	widely	widely	ADV
cana-4333	69	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	69	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	69	15	since	since	SCONJ
cana-4333	69	16	so	so	ADV
cana-4333	69	17	many	many	ADJ
cana-4333	69	18	people	people	NOUN
cana-4333	69	19	read	read	VERB
cana-4333	69	20	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	69	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	69	22	there	there	PRON
cana-4333	69	23	's	be	VERB
cana-4333	69	24	a	a	DET
cana-4333	69	25	big	big	ADJ
cana-4333	69	26	incentive	incentive	NOUN
cana-4333	69	27	to	to	PART
cana-4333	69	28	create	create	VERB
cana-4333	69	29	them	they	PRON
cana-4333	69	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	70	1	this	this	PRON
cana-4333	70	2	allows	allow	VERB
cana-4333	70	3	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	70	4	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	70	5	to	to	PART
cana-4333	70	6	be	be	AUX
cana-4333	70	7	produced	produce	VERB
cana-4333	70	8	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	70	9	scale	scale	NOUN
cana-4333	70	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	70	11	making	make	VERB
cana-4333	70	12	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	70	13	much	much	ADV
cana-4333	70	14	harder	hard	ADV
cana-4333	70	15	to	to	PART
cana-4333	70	16	combat	combat	VERB
cana-4333	70	17	the	the	DET
cana-4333	70	18	problem	problem	NOUN
cana-4333	70	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	71	1	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cana-4333	71	2	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	71	3	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	71	4	similar	similar	ADJ
cana-4333	71	5	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	71	6	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	71	7	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	71	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	71	9	as	as	SCONJ
cana-4333	71	10	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	71	11	involves	involve	VERB
cana-4333	71	12	writing	write	VERB
cana-4333	71	13	false	false	ADJ
cana-4333	71	14	opinions	opinion	NOUN
cana-4333	71	15	to	to	PART
cana-4333	71	16	mislead	mislead	VERB
cana-4333	71	17	people	people	NOUN
cana-4333	71	18	[	[	X
cana-4333	71	19	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	71	20	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	71	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	72	1	this	this	PRON
cana-4333	72	2	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	72	3	include	include	VERB
cana-4333	72	4	creating	create	VERB
cana-4333	72	5	seemingly	seemingly	ADV
cana-4333	72	6	authentic	authentic	ADJ
cana-4333	72	7	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4333	72	8	fictitious	fictitious	ADJ
cana-4333	72	9	opinions	opinion	NOUN
cana-4333	72	10	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4333	72	11	[	[	X
cana-4333	72	12	5	5	NUM
cana-4333	72	13	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	72	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	73	1	incentivized	incentivize	VERB
cana-4333	73	2	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	73	3	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	73	4	another	another	DET
cana-4333	73	5	related	related	ADJ
cana-4333	73	6	issue	issue	NOUN
cana-4333	73	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	73	8	where	where	SCONJ
cana-4333	73	9	people	people	NOUN
cana-4333	73	10	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	73	11	encouraged	encourage	VERB
cana-4333	73	12	to	to	PART
cana-4333	73	13	write	write	VERB
cana-4333	73	14	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	73	15	through	through	ADP
cana-4333	73	16	marketing	marketing	NOUN
cana-4333	73	17	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
cana-4333	73	18	like	like	ADP
cana-4333	73	19	influencer	influencer	NOUN
cana-4333	73	20	endorsements	endorsement	NOUN
cana-4333	73	21	[	[	X
cana-4333	73	22	6	6	NUM
cana-4333	73	23	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	73	24	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	73	25	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	73	26	getting	get	VERB
cana-4333	73	27	free	free	ADJ
cana-4333	73	28	products	product	NOUN
cana-4333	73	29	[	[	X
cana-4333	73	30	7	7	NUM
cana-4333	73	31	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	73	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	74	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	74	2	key	key	ADJ
cana-4333	74	3	difference	difference	NOUN
cana-4333	74	4	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	74	5	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4333	74	6	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4333	74	7	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	74	8	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	74	9	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	74	10	often	often	ADV
cana-4333	74	11	anonymous	anonymous	ADJ
cana-4333	74	12	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	74	13	ai	ai	AUX
cana-4333	74	14	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	74	15	generated	generate	VERB
cana-4333	74	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	74	17	incentivized	incentivize	VERB
cana-4333	74	18	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	74	19	usually	usually	ADV
cana-4333	74	20	come	come	VERB
cana-4333	74	21	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	74	22	known	know	VERB
cana-4333	74	23	influencers	influencer	NOUN
cana-4333	74	24	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	74	25	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	74	26	people	people	NOUN
cana-4333	74	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	75	1	ai	ai	VERB
cana-4333	75	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	75	3	generated	generate	VERB
cana-4333	75	4	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	75	5	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	75	6	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	75	7	much	much	ADV
cana-4333	75	8	harder	hard	ADJ
cana-4333	75	9	to	to	PART
cana-4333	75	10	spot	spot	VERB
cana-4333	75	11	than	than	ADP
cana-4333	75	12	human	human	NOUN
cana-4333	75	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	75	14	written	write	VERB
cana-4333	75	15	ones	one	NOUN
cana-4333	75	16	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	75	17	several	several	ADJ
cana-4333	75	18	reasons	reason	NOUN
cana-4333	75	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	76	1	ai	ai	VERB
cana-4333	76	2	excels	excel	NOUN
cana-4333	76	3	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	76	4	mimicking	mimic	VERB
cana-4333	76	5	human	human	ADJ
cana-4333	76	6	writing	writing	NOUN
cana-4333	76	7	thanks	thank	NOUN
cana-4333	76	8	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	76	9	advanced	advanced	ADJ
cana-4333	76	10	natural	natural	ADJ
cana-4333	76	11	language	language	NOUN
cana-4333	76	12	processing	processing	NOUN
cana-4333	76	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	76	14	making	make	VERB
cana-4333	76	15	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	76	16	tough	tough	ADJ
cana-4333	76	17	to	to	PART
cana-4333	76	18	tell	tell	VERB
cana-4333	76	19	real	real	ADV
cana-4333	76	20	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	76	21	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	76	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	77	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	77	2	sheer	sheer	ADJ
cana-4333	77	3	volume	volume	NOUN
cana-4333	77	4	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	77	5	ai	ai	ADJ
cana-4333	77	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	77	7	generated	generate	VERB
cana-4333	77	8	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	77	9	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	77	10	overwhelm	overwhelm	VERB
cana-4333	77	11	existing	exist	VERB
cana-4333	77	12	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	77	13	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4333	77	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	78	1	also	also	ADV
cana-4333	78	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	78	3	ai	ai	AUX
cana-4333	78	4	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	78	5	create	create	VERB
cana-4333	78	6	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
cana-4333	78	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	78	8	seemingly	seemingly	ADV
cana-4333	78	9	genuine	genuine	ADJ
cana-4333	78	10	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	78	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	78	12	making	make	VERB
cana-4333	78	13	simple	simple	ADJ
cana-4333	78	14	keyword	keyword	NOUN
cana-4333	78	15	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	78	16	rule	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	78	17	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	78	18	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	78	19	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	78	20	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ
cana-4333	78	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	79	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	79	2	fact	fact	NOUN
cana-4333	79	3	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4333	79	4	ai	ai	AUX
cana-4333	79	5	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	79	6	constantly	constantly	ADV
cana-4333	79	7	adapt	adapt	VERB
cana-4333	79	8	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	79	9	improve	improve	VERB
cana-4333	79	10	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	79	11	response	response	NOUN
cana-4333	79	12	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	79	13	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	79	14	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	79	15	makes	make	VERB
cana-4333	79	16	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	79	17	even	even	ADV
cana-4333	79	18	harder	hard	ADV
cana-4333	79	19	to	to	PART
cana-4333	79	20	catch	catch	VERB
cana-4333	79	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	80	1	finally	finally	ADV
cana-4333	80	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	80	3	ai	ai	AUX
cana-4333	80	4	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	80	5	generated	generate	VERB
cana-4333	80	6	content	content	NOUN
cana-4333	80	7	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	80	8	often	often	ADV
cana-4333	80	9	well	well	ADV
cana-4333	80	10	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	80	11	structured	structure	VERB
cana-4333	80	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	80	13	contextually	contextually	ADV
cana-4333	80	14	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cana-4333	80	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	80	16	fooling	fool	VERB
cana-4333	80	17	both	both	PRON
cana-4333	80	18	computer	computer	NOUN
cana-4333	80	19	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4333	80	20	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	80	21	human	human	ADJ
cana-4333	80	22	reviewers	reviewer	NOUN
cana-4333	80	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	81	1	because	because	SCONJ
cana-4333	81	2	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	81	3	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	81	4	mimic	mimic	VERB
cana-4333	81	5	how	how	SCONJ
cana-4333	81	6	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	81	7	people	people	NOUN
cana-4333	81	8	write	write	VERB
cana-4333	81	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	81	10	spotting	spot	VERB
cana-4333	81	11	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	81	12	becomes	become	VERB
cana-4333	81	13	even	even	ADV
cana-4333	81	14	harder	hard	ADV
cana-4333	81	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	82	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	82	2	highlights	highlight	NOUN
cana-4333	82	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	82	4	need	need	NOUN
cana-4333	82	5	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	82	6	strong	strong	ADJ
cana-4333	82	7	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	82	8	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4333	82	9	that	that	PRON
cana-4333	82	10	use	use	VERB
cana-4333	82	11	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4333	82	12	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	82	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	82	14	advanced	advanced	ADJ
cana-4333	82	15	natural	natural	ADJ
cana-4333	82	16	language	language	NOUN
cana-4333	82	17	processing	processing	NOUN
cana-4333	82	18	to	to	PART
cana-4333	82	19	effectively	effectively	ADV
cana-4333	82	20	combat	combat	VERB
cana-4333	82	21	this	this	DET
cana-4333	82	22	problem	problem	NOUN
cana-4333	82	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	83	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	83	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	83	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	83	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	83	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	83	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	83	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	83	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	83	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	83	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	83	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	83	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	83	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	83	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	84	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	84	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	84	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	84	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	85	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	85	2	1833	1833	NUM
cana-4333	86	1	researchers	researcher	NOUN
cana-4333	86	2	have	have	AUX
cana-4333	86	3	explored	explore	VERB
cana-4333	86	4	several	several	ADJ
cana-4333	86	5	ways	way	NOUN
cana-4333	86	6	to	to	PART
cana-4333	86	7	spot	spot	VERB
cana-4333	86	8	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	86	9	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	86	10	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	87	1	one	one	NUM
cana-4333	87	2	basic	basic	ADJ
cana-4333	87	3	method	method	NOUN
cana-4333	87	4	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	87	5	manual	manual	ADJ
cana-4333	87	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	87	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	87	8	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	87	9	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	87	10	the	the	DET
cana-4333	87	11	idea	idea	NOUN
cana-4333	87	12	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4333	87	13	people	people	NOUN
cana-4333	87	14	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	87	15	detect	detect	VERB
cana-4333	87	16	lies	lie	NOUN
cana-4333	87	17	[	[	X
cana-4333	87	18	8	8	NUM
cana-4333	87	19	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	87	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	88	1	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	88	2	example	example	NOUN
cana-4333	88	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	88	4	some	some	DET
cana-4333	88	5	research	research	NOUN
cana-4333	88	6	has	have	AUX
cana-4333	88	7	focused	focus	VERB
cana-4333	88	8	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	88	9	rules	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	88	10	to	to	PART
cana-4333	88	11	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
cana-4333	88	12	incentivized	incentivize	VERB
cana-4333	88	13	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	88	14	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	88	15	regular	regular	ADJ
cana-4333	88	16	ones	one	NOUN
cana-4333	88	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	88	18	looking	look	VERB
cana-4333	88	19	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	88	20	things	thing	NOUN
cana-4333	88	21	like	like	ADP
cana-4333	88	22	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	88	23	length	length	NOUN
cana-4333	88	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	88	25	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	88	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	88	27	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	88	28	helpfulness	helpfulness	VERB
cana-4333	88	29	[	[	X
cana-4333	88	30	7	7	NUM
cana-4333	88	31	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	88	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	89	1	other	other	ADJ
cana-4333	89	2	studies	study	NOUN
cana-4333	89	3	have	have	AUX
cana-4333	89	4	identified	identify	VERB
cana-4333	89	5	general	general	ADJ
cana-4333	89	6	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	89	7	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	89	8	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	89	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	89	10	such	such	ADJ
cana-4333	89	11	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	89	12	limited	limited	ADJ
cana-4333	89	13	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	89	14	per	per	ADP
cana-4333	89	15	user	user	NOUN
cana-4333	89	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	89	17	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	89	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	89	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	89	20	low	low	ADJ
cana-4333	89	21	feedback	feedback	NOUN
cana-4333	89	22	[	[	X
cana-4333	89	23	9	9	NUM
cana-4333	89	24	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	89	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	89	26	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	89	27	deviations	deviation	NOUN
cana-4333	89	28	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	89	29	these	these	DET
cana-4333	89	30	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	89	31	suggesting	suggest	VERB
cana-4333	89	32	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	89	33	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	89	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	90	1	another	another	DET
cana-4333	90	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	90	3	examines	examine	VERB
cana-4333	90	4	how	how	SCONJ
cana-4333	90	5	people	people	NOUN
cana-4333	90	6	judge	judge	VERB
cana-4333	90	7	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	90	8	trustworthiness	trustworthiness	NOUN
cana-4333	90	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	90	10	considering	consider	VERB
cana-4333	90	11	factors	factor	NOUN
cana-4333	90	12	like	like	ADP
cana-4333	90	13	content	content	NOUN
cana-4333	90	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	90	15	writing	write	VERB
cana-4333	90	16	style	style	NOUN
cana-4333	90	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	90	18	images	image	NOUN
cana-4333	90	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	90	20	length	length	NOUN
cana-4333	90	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	90	22	detail	detail	NOUN
cana-4333	90	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	90	24	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	90	25	overly	overly	ADV
cana-4333	90	26	positive	positive	ADJ
cana-4333	90	27	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	90	28	negative	negative	ADJ
cana-4333	90	29	language	language	NOUN
cana-4333	90	30	[	[	X
cana-4333	90	31	10	10	NUM
cana-4333	90	32	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	90	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	91	1	however	however	ADV
cana-4333	91	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	91	3	human	human	ADJ
cana-4333	91	4	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cana-4333	91	5	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	91	6	be	be	AUX
cana-4333	91	7	unreliable	unreliable	ADJ
cana-4333	91	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	92	1	human	human	ADJ
cana-4333	92	2	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	92	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	92	4	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	92	5	n't	not	PART
cana-4333	92	6	very	very	ADV
cana-4333	92	7	accurate	accurate	ADJ
cana-4333	92	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	93	1	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	93	2	instance	instance	NOUN
cana-4333	93	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	93	4	one	one	NUM
cana-4333	93	5	study	study	NOUN
cana-4333	93	6	found	find	VERB
cana-4333	93	7	humans	human	NOUN
cana-4333	93	8	could	could	AUX
cana-4333	93	9	only	only	ADV
cana-4333	93	10	spot	spot	VERB
cana-4333	93	11	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	93	12	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	93	13	65	65	NUM
cana-4333	93	14	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	93	15	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	93	16	the	the	DET
cana-4333	93	17	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	93	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	93	19	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4333	93	20	a	a	DET
cana-4333	93	21	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	93	22	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	93	23	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	93	24	did	do	VERB
cana-4333	93	25	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	93	26	86	86	NUM
cana-4333	93	27	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	93	28	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	93	29	the	the	DET
cana-4333	93	30	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	93	31	[	[	X
cana-4333	93	32	5	5	NUM
cana-4333	93	33	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	93	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	94	1	other	other	ADJ
cana-4333	94	2	studies	study	NOUN
cana-4333	94	3	show	show	VERB
cana-4333	94	4	even	even	ADV
cana-4333	94	5	worse	bad	ADJ
cana-4333	94	6	human	human	ADJ
cana-4333	94	7	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	94	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	94	9	around	around	ADV
cana-4333	94	10	52	52	NUM
cana-4333	94	11	-	-	SYM
cana-4333	94	12	57	57	NUM
cana-4333	94	13	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	95	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	95	2	11,12	11,12	NOUN
cana-4333	95	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	95	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	95	5	even	even	ADV
cana-4333	95	6	when	when	SCONJ
cana-4333	95	7	people	people	NOUN
cana-4333	95	8	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	95	9	aware	aware	ADJ
cana-4333	95	10	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	95	11	the	the	DET
cana-4333	95	12	problem	problem	NOUN
cana-4333	95	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	96	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	96	2	sheer	sheer	ADJ
cana-4333	96	3	volume	volume	NOUN
cana-4333	96	4	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	96	5	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	96	6	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	96	7	makes	make	VERB
cana-4333	96	8	manual	manual	ADJ
cana-4333	96	9	review	review	VERB
cana-4333	96	10	impossible	impossible	ADJ
cana-4333	96	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	97	1	tripadvisor	tripadvisor	NOUN
cana-4333	97	2	alone	alone	ADV
cana-4333	97	3	gets	get	VERB
cana-4333	97	4	over	over	ADP
cana-4333	97	5	200	200	NUM
cana-4333	97	6	million	million	NUM
cana-4333	97	7	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	97	8	[	[	X
cana-4333	97	9	2	2	NUM
cana-4333	97	10	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	97	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	98	1	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	98	2	millions	million	NOUN
cana-4333	98	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	98	4	products	product	NOUN
cana-4333	98	5	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	98	6	thousands	thousand	NOUN
cana-4333	98	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	98	8	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	98	9	per	per	ADP
cana-4333	98	10	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	98	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	98	12	manual	manual	ADJ
cana-4333	98	13	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	98	14	just	just	ADV
cana-4333	98	15	do	do	AUX
cana-4333	98	16	n't	not	PART
cana-4333	98	17	scale	scale	VERB
cana-4333	98	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	99	1	this	this	PRON
cana-4333	99	2	has	have	AUX
cana-4333	99	3	led	lead	VERB
cana-4333	99	4	researchers	researcher	NOUN
cana-4333	99	5	to	to	PART
cana-4333	99	6	focus	focus	VERB
cana-4333	99	7	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	99	8	automated	automate	VERB
cana-4333	99	9	solutions	solution	NOUN
cana-4333	99	10	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	100	1	online	online	PROPN
cana-4333	100	2	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	100	3	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	100	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	100	5	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
cana-4333	100	6	similar	similar	ADJ
cana-4333	100	7	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	100	8	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cana-4333	100	9	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	100	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	100	11	involves	involve	VERB
cana-4333	100	12	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
cana-4333	100	13	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cana-4333	100	14	like	like	ADP
cana-4333	100	15	creating	create	VERB
cana-4333	100	16	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	100	17	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	100	18	to	to	PART
cana-4333	100	19	trick	trick	VERB
cana-4333	100	20	consumers	consumer	NOUN
cana-4333	100	21	into	into	ADP
cana-4333	100	22	thinking	think	VERB
cana-4333	100	23	they	they	PRON
cana-4333	100	24	're	be	AUX
cana-4333	100	25	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	100	26	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	100	27	customers	customer	NOUN
cana-4333	100	28	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	101	1	adding	add	VERB
cana-4333	101	2	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	101	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	101	4	problem	problem	NOUN
cana-4333	101	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	101	6	some	some	DET
cana-4333	101	7	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ
cana-4333	101	8	sellers	seller	NOUN
cana-4333	101	9	even	even	ADV
cana-4333	101	10	use	use	VERB
cana-4333	101	11	people	people	NOUN
cana-4333	101	12	to	to	PART
cana-4333	101	13	spread	spread	VERB
cana-4333	101	14	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	101	15	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	101	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	102	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	102	2	mix	mix	NOUN
cana-4333	102	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	102	4	factors	factor	NOUN
cana-4333	102	5	makes	make	VERB
cana-4333	102	6	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	102	7	really	really	ADV
cana-4333	102	8	hard	hard	ADJ
cana-4333	102	9	to	to	PART
cana-4333	102	10	identify	identify	VERB
cana-4333	102	11	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	102	12	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	102	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	103	1	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	103	2	the	the	DET
cana-4333	103	3	other	other	ADJ
cana-4333	103	4	hand	hand	NOUN
cana-4333	103	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	103	6	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
cana-4333	103	7	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	103	8	find	find	VERB
cana-4333	103	9	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	103	10	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	103	11	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	103	12	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4333	103	13	humans	human	NOUN
cana-4333	103	14	might	might	AUX
cana-4333	103	15	miss	miss	VERB
cana-4333	103	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	1	according	accord	VERB
cana-4333	104	2	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	104	3	[	[	X
cana-4333	104	4	13	13	NUM
cana-4333	104	5	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	7	the	the	DET
cana-4333	104	8	automated	automate	VERB
cana-4333	104	9	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	104	10	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	104	11	be	be	AUX
cana-4333	104	12	divided	divide	VERB
cana-4333	104	13	into	into	ADP
cana-4333	104	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	15	a	a	PRON
cana-4333	104	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	17	content	content	NOUN
cana-4333	104	18	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	19	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	104	20	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	104	21	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	22	focused	focus	VERB
cana-4333	104	23	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	104	24	the	the	DET
cana-4333	104	25	textual	textual	ADJ
cana-4333	104	26	content	content	NOUN
cana-4333	104	27	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	104	28	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	104	29	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	30	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	31	b	b	X
cana-4333	104	32	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	33	behavior	behavior	NOUN
cana-4333	104	34	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	35	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	104	36	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	104	37	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	38	focused	focus	VERB
cana-4333	104	39	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	104	40	unusual	unusual	ADJ
cana-4333	104	41	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	104	42	suspicious	suspicious	ADJ
cana-4333	104	43	behaviours	behaviour	NOUN
cana-4333	104	44	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	45	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	46	c	c	X
cana-4333	104	47	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	48	information	information	NOUN
cana-4333	104	49	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	50	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	104	51	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	104	52	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	53	focused	focus	VERB
cana-4333	104	54	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	104	55	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	104	56	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
cana-4333	104	57	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	58	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	104	59	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	60	d	d	NOUN
cana-4333	104	61	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	62	spammer	spammer	NOUN
cana-4333	104	63	group	group	NOUN
cana-4333	104	64	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	104	65	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	66	focused	focus	VERB
cana-4333	104	67	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	104	68	identifying	identify	VERB
cana-4333	104	69	connections	connection	NOUN
cana-4333	104	70	between	between	ADP
cana-4333	104	71	reviewers	reviewer	NOUN
cana-4333	104	72	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	104	73	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	105	1	researchers	researcher	NOUN
cana-4333	105	2	have	have	AUX
cana-4333	105	3	mainly	mainly	ADV
cana-4333	105	4	concentrated	concentrate	VERB
cana-4333	105	5	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	105	6	either	either	DET
cana-4333	105	7	text	text	NOUN
cana-4333	105	8	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	105	9	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	105	10	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	105	11	non	non	ADJ
cana-4333	105	12	-	-	ADJ
cana-4333	105	13	text	text	NOUN
cana-4333	105	14	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	105	15	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	105	16	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	105	17	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	105	18	detecting	detect	VERB
cana-4333	105	19	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	105	20	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	105	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	106	1	those	those	PRON
cana-4333	106	2	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	106	3	natural	natural	ADJ
cana-4333	106	4	language	language	NOUN
cana-4333	106	5	processing	processing	NOUN
cana-4333	106	6	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	106	7	nlp	nlp	NOUN
cana-4333	106	8	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	106	9	[	[	X
cana-4333	106	10	11,14–16	11,14–16	NOUN
cana-4333	106	11	]	]	X
cana-4333	106	12	analyze	analyze	NOUN
cana-4333	106	13	text	text	NOUN
cana-4333	106	14	features	feature	VERB
cana-4333	106	15	like	like	ADP
cana-4333	106	16	keywords	keyword	NOUN
cana-4333	106	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	106	18	phrases	phrase	NOUN
cana-4333	106	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	106	20	n	n	CCONJ
cana-4333	106	21	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	106	22	grams	gram	NOUN
cana-4333	106	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	106	24	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
cana-4333	106	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	106	26	semantic	semantic	ADJ
cana-4333	106	27	similarity	similarity	NOUN
cana-4333	106	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	106	29	hidden	hidden	ADJ
cana-4333	106	30	topics	topic	NOUN
cana-4333	106	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	106	32	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	106	33	writing	write	VERB
cana-4333	106	34	style	style	NOUN
cana-4333	106	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	107	1	others	other	NOUN
cana-4333	108	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	108	2	16	16	NUM
cana-4333	108	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	108	4	look	look	VERB
cana-4333	108	5	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	108	6	non	non	ADJ
cana-4333	108	7	-	-	ADJ
cana-4333	108	8	textual	textual	ADJ
cana-4333	108	9	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	108	10	such	such	ADJ
cana-4333	108	11	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	108	12	user	user	NOUN
cana-4333	108	13	i	i	PROPN
cana-4333	108	14	d	d	PROPN
cana-4333	108	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	108	16	location	location	NOUN
cana-4333	108	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	108	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	108	19	review	review	AUX
cana-4333	108	20	count	count	VERB
cana-4333	108	21	to	to	PART
cana-4333	108	22	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
cana-4333	108	23	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	108	24	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	108	25	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	108	26	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	108	27	ones	one	NOUN
cana-4333	108	28	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	108	29	whether	whether	SCONJ
cana-4333	108	30	human	human	ADJ
cana-4333	108	31	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	108	32	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	108	33	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	108	34	generated	generate	VERB
cana-4333	108	35	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	108	36	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	109	1	some	some	DET
cana-4333	109	2	research	research	NOUN
cana-4333	109	3	[	[	X
cana-4333	109	4	2,10	2,10	X
cana-4333	109	5	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	109	6	combines	combine	VERB
cana-4333	109	7	both	both	DET
cana-4333	109	8	textual	textual	ADJ
cana-4333	109	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	109	10	non	non	ADJ
cana-4333	109	11	-	-	ADJ
cana-4333	109	12	textual	textual	ADJ
cana-4333	109	13	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	109	14	to	to	PART
cana-4333	109	15	improve	improve	VERB
cana-4333	109	16	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	109	17	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	109	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	110	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	110	2	authors	author	NOUN
cana-4333	110	3	[	[	X
cana-4333	110	4	2	2	NUM
cana-4333	110	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	110	6	3	3	NUM
cana-4333	110	7	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	110	8	contributed	contribute	VERB
cana-4333	110	9	significantly	significantly	ADV
cana-4333	110	10	to	to	PART
cana-4333	110	11	spam	spam	VERB
cana-4333	110	12	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	110	13	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	110	14	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	110	15	defining	define	VERB
cana-4333	110	16	three	three	NUM
cana-4333	110	17	main	main	ADJ
cana-4333	110	18	types	type	NOUN
cana-4333	110	19	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	110	20	problematic	problematic	ADJ
cana-4333	110	21	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	110	22	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	110	23	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	110	24	first	first	ADV
cana-4333	110	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	110	26	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4333	110	27	untruthful	untruthful	ADJ
cana-4333	110	28	opinions	opinion	NOUN
cana-4333	110	29	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4333	110	30	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	110	31	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	110	32	that	that	PRON
cana-4333	110	33	intentionally	intentionally	ADV
cana-4333	110	34	mislead	mislead	VERB
cana-4333	110	35	people	people	NOUN
cana-4333	110	36	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	110	37	review	review	VERB
cana-4333	110	38	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	110	39	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4333	110	40	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	111	1	this	this	PRON
cana-4333	111	2	includes	include	VERB
cana-4333	111	3	writing	write	VERB
cana-4333	111	4	overly	overly	ADV
cana-4333	111	5	positive	positive	ADJ
cana-4333	111	6	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	111	7	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	111	8	many	many	ADJ
cana-4333	111	9	products	product	NOUN
cana-4333	111	10	to	to	PART
cana-4333	111	11	boost	boost	VERB
cana-4333	111	12	them	they	PRON
cana-4333	111	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	111	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	111	15	writing	write	VERB
cana-4333	111	16	unfairly	unfairly	ADV
cana-4333	111	17	negative	negative	ADJ
cana-4333	111	18	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	111	19	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	111	20	a	a	DET
cana-4333	111	21	few	few	ADJ
cana-4333	111	22	products	product	NOUN
cana-4333	111	23	to	to	PART
cana-4333	111	24	damage	damage	VERB
cana-4333	111	25	their	their	PRON
cana-4333	111	26	reputation	reputation	NOUN
cana-4333	111	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	112	1	second	second	ADJ
cana-4333	112	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	112	3	some	some	DET
cana-4333	112	4	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	112	5	focus	focus	VERB
cana-4333	112	6	only	only	ADV
cana-4333	112	7	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	112	8	brand	brand	NOUN
cana-4333	112	9	names	name	NOUN
cana-4333	112	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	112	11	offering	offer	VERB
cana-4333	112	12	no	no	DET
cana-4333	112	13	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	112	14	information	information	NOUN
cana-4333	112	15	about	about	ADP
cana-4333	112	16	the	the	DET
cana-4333	112	17	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	112	18	itself	itself	PRON
cana-4333	112	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	113	1	please	please	INTJ
cana-4333	113	2	specify	specify	VERB
cana-4333	113	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	113	4	brands	brand	NOUN
cana-4333	113	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	113	6	manufacturers	manufacturer	NOUN
cana-4333	113	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	113	8	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	113	9	suppliers	supplier	NOUN
cana-4333	113	10	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	113	11	the	the	DET
cana-4333	113	12	aforementioned	aforementioned	ADJ
cana-4333	113	13	items	item	NOUN
cana-4333	113	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	114	1	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4333	114	2	brand	brand	NOUN
cana-4333	114	3	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	114	4	focused	focus	VERB
cana-4333	114	5	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	114	6	might	might	AUX
cana-4333	114	7	offer	offer	VERB
cana-4333	114	8	some	some	DET
cana-4333	114	9	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cana-4333	114	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	114	11	they	they	PRON
cana-4333	114	12	're	be	AUX
cana-4333	114	13	considered	consider	VERB
cana-4333	114	14	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	114	15	because	because	SCONJ
cana-4333	114	16	they	they	PRON
cana-4333	114	17	're	be	AUX
cana-4333	114	18	biased	biased	ADJ
cana-4333	114	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	114	20	lack	lack	VERB
cana-4333	114	21	specific	specific	ADJ
cana-4333	114	22	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	114	23	details	detail	NOUN
cana-4333	114	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	115	1	beyond	beyond	ADP
cana-4333	115	2	these	these	PRON
cana-4333	115	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	115	4	there	there	PRON
cana-4333	115	5	are	be	VERB
cana-4333	115	6	two	two	NUM
cana-4333	115	7	other	other	ADJ
cana-4333	115	8	types	type	NOUN
cana-4333	115	9	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	115	10	non	non	ADJ
cana-4333	115	11	-	-	ADJ
cana-4333	115	12	review	review	ADJ
cana-4333	115	13	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	115	14	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	115	15	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	115	16	1	1	X
cana-4333	115	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	115	18	notices	notice	NOUN
cana-4333	115	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	115	20	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	115	21	2	2	X
cana-4333	115	22	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	115	23	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
cana-4333	115	24	content	content	NOUN
cana-4333	115	25	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	115	26	like	like	ADP
cana-4333	115	27	random	random	ADJ
cana-4333	115	28	writing	writing	NOUN
cana-4333	115	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	115	30	questions	question	NOUN
cana-4333	115	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	115	32	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	115	33	answers	answer	NOUN
cana-4333	115	34	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	115	35	that	that	PRON
cana-4333	115	36	do	do	AUX
cana-4333	115	37	n't	not	PART
cana-4333	115	38	offer	offer	VERB
cana-4333	115	39	any	any	DET
cana-4333	115	40	actual	actual	ADJ
cana-4333	115	41	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	115	42	information	information	NOUN
cana-4333	115	43	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	116	1	these	these	DET
cana-4333	116	2	three	three	NUM
cana-4333	116	3	categories	category	NOUN
cana-4333	116	4	cover	cover	VERB
cana-4333	116	5	most	most	ADV
cana-4333	116	6	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	116	7	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	116	8	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	116	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	117	1	these	these	DET
cana-4333	117	2	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
cana-4333	117	3	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	117	4	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	117	5	significantly	significantly	ADV
cana-4333	117	6	influence	influence	VERB
cana-4333	117	7	buying	buying	NOUN
cana-4333	117	8	decisions	decision	NOUN
cana-4333	117	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	117	10	harm	harm	VERB
cana-4333	117	11	new	new	ADJ
cana-4333	117	12	businesses	business	NOUN
cana-4333	117	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	118	1	because	because	SCONJ
cana-4333	118	2	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	118	3	this	this	PRON
cana-4333	118	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	118	5	a	a	DET
cana-4333	118	6	lot	lot	NOUN
cana-4333	118	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	118	8	research	research	NOUN
cana-4333	118	9	has	have	AUX
cana-4333	118	10	been	be	AUX
cana-4333	118	11	done	do	VERB
cana-4333	118	12	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	118	13	how	how	SCONJ
cana-4333	118	14	to	to	PART
cana-4333	118	15	detect	detect	VERB
cana-4333	118	16	these	these	DET
cana-4333	118	17	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	118	18	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	118	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	118	20	ad	ad	NOUN
cana-4333	118	21	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	118	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	119	1	spammers	spammer	NOUN
cana-4333	119	2	often	often	ADV
cana-4333	119	3	use	use	VERB
cana-4333	119	4	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	119	5	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	119	6	platforms	platform	NOUN
cana-4333	119	7	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	119	8	malicious	malicious	ADJ
cana-4333	119	9	purposes	purpose	NOUN
cana-4333	119	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	119	11	like	like	ADP
cana-4333	119	12	promoting	promote	VERB
cana-4333	119	13	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	119	14	products	product	NOUN
cana-4333	119	15	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	119	16	services	service	NOUN
cana-4333	119	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	119	18	stealing	steal	VERB
cana-4333	119	19	social	social	ADJ
cana-4333	119	20	media	medium	NOUN
cana-4333	119	21	contacts	contact	NOUN
cana-4333	119	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	119	23	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	119	24	tricking	trick	VERB
cana-4333	119	25	customers	customer	NOUN
cana-4333	119	26	into	into	ADP
cana-4333	119	27	offline	offline	ADJ
cana-4333	119	28	deals	deal	NOUN
cana-4333	119	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	120	1	these	these	DET
cana-4333	120	2	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cana-4333	120	3	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	120	4	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	120	5	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	120	6	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	120	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	120	8	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	120	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	120	10	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	120	11	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	120	12	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	120	13	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	120	14	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	120	15	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	120	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	121	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	121	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	121	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	121	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	121	5	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	121	6	1834	1834	NUM
cana-4333	121	7	confuse	confuse	VERB
cana-4333	121	8	users	user	NOUN
cana-4333	121	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	121	10	create	create	VERB
cana-4333	121	11	a	a	DET
cana-4333	121	12	big	big	ADJ
cana-4333	121	13	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cana-4333	121	14	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	121	15	anti	anti	ADJ
cana-4333	121	16	-	-	ADJ
cana-4333	121	17	spam	spam	ADJ
cana-4333	121	18	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4333	121	19	[	[	X
cana-4333	121	20	5	5	NUM
cana-4333	121	21	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	121	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	122	1	much	much	ADJ
cana-4333	122	2	research	research	NOUN
cana-4333	122	3	focuses	focus	VERB
cana-4333	122	4	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	122	5	understanding	understand	VERB
cana-4333	122	6	these	these	DET
cana-4333	122	7	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
cana-4333	122	8	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	122	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	123	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	123	2	paper	paper	NOUN
cana-4333	123	3	collects	collect	VERB
cana-4333	123	4	common	common	ADJ
cana-4333	123	5	misleading	misleading	ADJ
cana-4333	123	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	123	7	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ
cana-4333	123	8	viewpoints	viewpoint	NOUN
cana-4333	123	9	identified	identify	VERB
cana-4333	123	10	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	123	11	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4333	123	12	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	123	13	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	123	14	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4333	123	15	[	[	X
cana-4333	123	16	2	2	NUM
cana-4333	123	17	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	123	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	123	19	specifically	specifically	ADV
cana-4333	123	20	focusing	focus	VERB
cana-4333	123	21	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	123	22	the	the	DET
cana-4333	123	23	two	two	NUM
cana-4333	123	24	categories	category	NOUN
cana-4333	123	25	previously	previously	ADV
cana-4333	123	26	mentioned	mention	VERB
cana-4333	123	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	124	1	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	124	2	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	124	3	aim	aim	VERB
cana-4333	124	4	to	to	PART
cana-4333	124	5	manipulate	manipulate	VERB
cana-4333	124	6	the	the	DET
cana-4333	124	7	perceived	perceive	VERB
cana-4333	124	8	value	value	NOUN
cana-4333	124	9	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	124	10	certain	certain	ADJ
cana-4333	124	11	items	item	NOUN
cana-4333	124	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	124	13	mislead	mislead	VERB
cana-4333	124	14	users	user	NOUN
cana-4333	124	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	124	16	unlike	unlike	ADP
cana-4333	124	17	genuine	genuine	ADJ
cana-4333	124	18	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	124	19	assessments	assessment	NOUN
cana-4333	124	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	125	1	these	these	DET
cana-4333	125	2	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	125	3	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	125	4	come	come	VERB
cana-4333	125	5	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	125	6	various	various	ADJ
cana-4333	125	7	sources	source	NOUN
cana-4333	125	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	125	9	including	include	VERB
cana-4333	125	10	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ
cana-4333	125	11	sellers	seller	NOUN
cana-4333	125	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	125	13	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	125	14	groups	group	NOUN
cana-4333	125	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	125	16	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	125	17	individual	individual	ADJ
cana-4333	125	18	marketers	marketer	NOUN
cana-4333	125	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	125	20	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	125	21	they	they	PRON
cana-4333	125	22	often	often	ADV
cana-4333	125	23	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
cana-4333	125	24	a	a	DET
cana-4333	125	25	wide	wide	ADJ
cana-4333	125	26	range	range	NOUN
cana-4333	125	27	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	125	28	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	125	29	intentionally	intentionally	ADV
cana-4333	125	30	created	create	VERB
cana-4333	125	31	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	125	32	spammers	spammer	NOUN
cana-4333	125	33	[	[	X
cana-4333	125	34	5,6	5,6	NUM
cana-4333	125	35	]	]	X
cana-4333	125	36	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	126	1	3	3	X
cana-4333	126	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	126	3	materials	material	NOUN
cana-4333	126	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	126	5	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	126	6	this	this	DET
cana-4333	126	7	section	section	NOUN
cana-4333	126	8	outlines	outline	VERB
cana-4333	126	9	the	the	DET
cana-4333	126	10	materials	material	NOUN
cana-4333	126	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	126	12	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	126	13	used	use	VERB
cana-4333	126	14	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	126	15	the	the	DET
cana-4333	126	16	research	research	NOUN
cana-4333	126	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	126	18	specifically	specifically	ADV
cana-4333	126	19	focusing	focus	VERB
cana-4333	126	20	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	126	21	amazon	amazon	NOUN
cana-4333	126	22	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	126	23	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	126	24	labeled	label	VERB
cana-4333	126	25	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	126	26	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	126	27	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4333	126	28	not	not	PART
cana-4333	126	29	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	126	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	127	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	127	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4333	127	3	comprises	comprise	VERB
cana-4333	127	4	26.7	26.7	NUM
cana-4333	127	5	million	million	NUM
cana-4333	127	6	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	127	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	127	8	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	127	9	15.4	15.4	NUM
cana-4333	127	10	million	million	NUM
cana-4333	127	11	labeled	label	VERB
cana-4333	127	12	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	127	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	128	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	128	2	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4333	128	3	labels	label	NOUN
cana-4333	128	4	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	128	5	assigned	assign	VERB
cana-4333	128	6	as	as	SCONJ
cana-4333	128	7	follows	follow	VERB
cana-4333	128	8	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	128	9	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	128	10	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	128	11	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	128	12	marked	mark	VERB
cana-4333	128	13	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	128	14	0	0	NUM
cana-4333	128	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	128	16	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4333	128	17	genuine	genuine	ADJ
cana-4333	128	18	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	128	19	not	not	PART
cana-4333	128	20	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	128	21	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	128	22	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	128	23	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	128	24	marked	mark	VERB
cana-4333	128	25	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	128	26	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	128	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	129	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	129	2	architecture	architecture	NOUN
cana-4333	129	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
cana-4333	129	4	the	the	DET
cana-4333	129	5	workflow	workflow	NOUN
cana-4333	129	6	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	129	7	this	this	DET
cana-4333	129	8	research	research	NOUN
cana-4333	129	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	129	10	depicting	depict	VERB
cana-4333	129	11	the	the	DET
cana-4333	129	12	process	process	NOUN
cana-4333	129	13	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	129	14	dataset	dataset	ADJ
cana-4333	129	15	collection	collection	NOUN
cana-4333	129	16	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	129	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	129	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	130	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	130	2	collected	collect	VERB
cana-4333	130	3	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4333	130	4	undergoes	undergoe	NOUN
cana-4333	130	5	image	image	NOUN
cana-4333	130	6	filtering	filtering	NOUN
cana-4333	130	7	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	130	8	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	130	9	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4333	130	10	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	130	11	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	130	12	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	130	13	within	within	ADP
cana-4333	130	14	the	the	DET
cana-4333	130	15	weka	weka	NOUN
cana-4333	130	16	3.9.5	3.9.5	NUM
cana-4333	130	17	open	open	ADJ
cana-4333	130	18	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	130	19	source	source	NOUN
cana-4333	130	20	tool	tool	NOUN
cana-4333	130	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	131	1	a	a	DET
cana-4333	131	2	10:90	10:90	NUM
cana-4333	131	3	sampling	sampling	NOUN
cana-4333	131	4	technique	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	131	5	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	131	6	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	131	7	to	to	PART
cana-4333	131	8	ensure	ensure	VERB
cana-4333	131	9	effective	effective	ADJ
cana-4333	131	10	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	131	11	distribution	distribution	NOUN
cana-4333	131	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	131	13	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	131	14	training	training	NOUN
cana-4333	131	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	132	2	work	work	NOUN
cana-4333	132	3	considers	consider	VERB
cana-4333	132	4	following	follow	VERB
cana-4333	132	5	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
cana-4333	132	6	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	7	•	•	NUM
cana-4333	132	8	long	long	ADJ
cana-4333	132	9	short	short	ADJ
cana-4333	132	10	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	11	term	term	NOUN
cana-4333	132	12	memory	memory	NOUN
cana-4333	132	13	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4333	132	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	15	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	132	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	17	•	•	NUM
cana-4333	132	18	sgd	sgd	X
cana-4333	132	19	•	•	PROPN
cana-4333	132	20	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4333	132	21	via	via	ADP
cana-4333	132	22	regression	regression	NOUN
cana-4333	132	23	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	24	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	132	25	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	26	•	•	NUM
cana-4333	132	27	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	132	28	•	•	CCONJ
cana-4333	132	29	random	random	ADJ
cana-4333	132	30	tree	tree	NOUN
cana-4333	132	31	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	32	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	132	33	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	34	•	•	NOUN
cana-4333	132	35	k	k	X
cana-4333	132	36	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	37	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	132	38	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	39	an	an	DET
cana-4333	132	40	instance	instance	NOUN
cana-4333	132	41	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	42	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	132	43	classifier	classifier	NOUN
cana-4333	132	44	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	45	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	132	46	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	132	47	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	48	proposed	propose	VERB
cana-4333	132	49	architecture	architecture	NOUN
cana-4333	132	50	3.feature	3.feature	NUM
cana-4333	132	51	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4333	132	52	4.classifiers	4.classifiers	NUM
cana-4333	132	53	m1	m1	NOUN
cana-4333	132	54	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	132	55	m2	m2	PROPN
cana-4333	132	56	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	132	57	m3	m3	PROPN
cana-4333	132	58	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	132	59	m4	m4	PROPN
cana-4333	132	60	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	132	61	m5	m5	PROPN
cana-4333	132	62	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	132	63	m6	m6	PROPN
cana-4333	132	64	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	132	65	-	-	PROPN
cana-4333	132	66	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	132	67	training	training	NOUN
cana-4333	132	68	prediction	prediction	NOUN
cana-4333	132	69	1.dataset	1.dataset	NUM
cana-4333	132	70	2.sampling	2.sampling	NUM
cana-4333	132	71	5.evaluation	5.evaluation	NUM
cana-4333	132	72	6.best	6.best	NUM
cana-4333	132	73	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	132	74	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	132	75	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	132	76	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	132	77	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	132	78	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	132	79	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	132	80	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	81	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	132	82	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	132	83	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	132	84	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	132	85	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	133	1	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	133	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	134	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	134	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	134	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	134	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	135	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	135	2	1835	1835	NUM
cana-4333	135	3	our	our	PRON
cana-4333	135	4	proposed	propose	VERB
cana-4333	135	5	methodology	methodology	NOUN
cana-4333	135	6	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	135	7	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	135	8	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	135	9	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	135	10	employs	employ	VERB
cana-4333	135	11	a	a	DET
cana-4333	135	12	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cana-4333	135	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	135	14	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	135	15	six	six	NUM
cana-4333	135	16	distinct	distinct	ADJ
cana-4333	135	17	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	135	18	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	135	19	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	135	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	135	21	aiming	aim	VERB
cana-4333	135	22	to	to	PART
cana-4333	135	23	tackle	tackle	VERB
cana-4333	135	24	the	the	DET
cana-4333	135	25	intricate	intricate	ADJ
cana-4333	135	26	nature	nature	NOUN
cana-4333	135	27	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	135	28	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	135	29	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	135	30	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	135	31	examining	examine	VERB
cana-4333	135	32	various	various	ADJ
cana-4333	135	33	algorithmic	algorithmic	ADJ
cana-4333	135	34	approaches	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	135	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	136	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	136	2	key	key	ADJ
cana-4333	136	3	innovation	innovation	NOUN
cana-4333	136	4	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	136	5	this	this	DET
cana-4333	136	6	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	136	7	lies	lie	VERB
cana-4333	136	8	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	136	9	the	the	DET
cana-4333	136	10	extensive	extensive	ADJ
cana-4333	136	11	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-4333	136	12	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	136	13	these	these	DET
cana-4333	136	14	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	136	15	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	136	16	a	a	DET
cana-4333	136	17	large	large	ADJ
cana-4333	136	18	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	136	19	scale	scale	NOUN
cana-4333	136	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	136	21	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	136	22	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	136	23	world	world	NOUN
cana-4333	136	24	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4333	136	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	136	26	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4333	136	27	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	136	28	a	a	DET
cana-4333	136	29	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
cana-4333	136	30	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	136	31	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4333	136	32	process	process	NOUN
cana-4333	136	33	to	to	PART
cana-4333	136	34	enhance	enhance	VERB
cana-4333	136	35	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	136	36	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	136	37	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	136	38	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
cana-4333	136	39	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	137	1	3.1	3.1	NUM
cana-4333	137	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4333	137	3	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	137	4	preprocessing	preprocessing	NOUN
cana-4333	137	5	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	137	6	employ	employ	VERB
cana-4333	137	7	a	a	DET
cana-4333	137	8	large	large	ADJ
cana-4333	137	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	137	10	scale	scale	NOUN
cana-4333	137	11	amazon	amazon	NOUN
cana-4333	137	12	product	product	NOUN
cana-4333	137	13	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	137	14	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4333	137	15	containing	contain	VERB
cana-4333	137	16	26.7	26.7	NUM
cana-4333	137	17	million	million	NUM
cana-4333	137	18	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	137	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	137	20	making	make	VERB
cana-4333	137	21	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	137	22	a	a	DET
cana-4333	137	23	valuable	valuable	ADJ
cana-4333	137	24	resource	resource	NOUN
cana-4333	137	25	due	due	ADP
cana-4333	137	26	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	137	27	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	137	28	real	real	ADJ
cana-4333	137	29	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	137	30	world	world	NOUN
cana-4333	137	31	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cana-4333	137	32	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	137	33	extensive	extensive	ADJ
cana-4333	137	34	size	size	NOUN
cana-4333	137	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	138	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	138	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4333	138	3	serves	serve	VERB
cana-4333	138	4	as	as	ADP
cana-4333	138	5	a	a	DET
cana-4333	138	6	strong	strong	ADJ
cana-4333	138	7	foundation	foundation	NOUN
cana-4333	138	8	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	138	9	training	training	NOUN
cana-4333	138	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	138	11	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
cana-4333	138	12	our	our	PRON
cana-4333	138	13	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	138	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	139	1	our	our	PRON
cana-4333	139	2	preprocessing	preprocessing	NOUN
cana-4333	139	3	steps	step	NOUN
cana-4333	139	4	include	include	VERB
cana-4333	139	5	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	139	6	1	1	X
cana-4333	139	7	.	.	X
cana-4333	139	8	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	139	9	cleaning	cleaning	NOUN
cana-4333	139	10	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	139	11	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
cana-4333	139	12	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
cana-4333	139	13	content	content	NOUN
cana-4333	139	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	139	15	standardizing	standardize	VERB
cana-4333	139	16	text	text	NOUN
cana-4333	139	17	formatting	formatting	NOUN
cana-4333	139	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	140	1	2	2	X
cana-4333	140	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	140	3	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	140	4	extraction	extraction	NOUN
cana-4333	140	5	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	140	6	leveraging	leverage	VERB
cana-4333	140	7	both	both	CCONJ
cana-4333	140	8	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
cana-4333	140	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	140	10	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
cana-4333	140	11	attributes	attribute	NOUN
cana-4333	140	12	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	140	13	the	the	DET
cana-4333	140	14	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	140	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	141	1	3	3	X
cana-4333	141	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	141	3	labeling	labeling	NOUN
cana-4333	141	4	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	141	5	assigning	assign	VERB
cana-4333	141	6	binary	binary	ADJ
cana-4333	141	7	classifications	classification	NOUN
cana-4333	141	8	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	141	9	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	141	10	0	0	NUM
cana-4333	141	11	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	141	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	141	13	not	not	PART
cana-4333	141	14	spam	spam	VERB
cana-4333	141	15	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	141	16	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	141	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	141	18	to	to	PART
cana-4333	141	19	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
cana-4333	141	20	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cana-4333	141	21	from	from	ADP
cana-4333	141	22	genuine	genuine	ADJ
cana-4333	141	23	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	141	24	3.2	3.2	NUM
cana-4333	141	25	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	141	26	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4333	141	27	a	a	DET
cana-4333	141	28	key	key	ADJ
cana-4333	141	29	contribution	contribution	NOUN
cana-4333	141	30	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	141	31	our	our	PRON
cana-4333	141	32	research	research	NOUN
cana-4333	141	33	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	141	34	the	the	DET
cana-4333	141	35	development	development	NOUN
cana-4333	141	36	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	141	37	an	an	DET
cana-4333	141	38	enhanced	enhance	VERB
cana-4333	141	39	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	141	40	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4333	141	41	process	process	NOUN
cana-4333	141	42	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	142	1	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	142	2	implement	implement	VERB
cana-4333	142	3	a	a	DET
cana-4333	142	4	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
cana-4333	142	5	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	142	6	that	that	PRON
cana-4333	142	7	integrates	integrate	VERB
cana-4333	142	8	filter	filter	NOUN
cana-4333	142	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	142	10	wrapper	wrapper	NOUN
cana-4333	142	11	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	142	12	to	to	PART
cana-4333	142	13	identify	identify	VERB
cana-4333	142	14	the	the	DET
cana-4333	142	15	most	most	ADV
cana-4333	142	16	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cana-4333	142	17	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	142	18	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	142	19	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	142	20	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	142	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	143	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	143	2	process	process	NOUN
cana-4333	143	3	consists	consist	VERB
cana-4333	143	4	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	143	5	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	143	6	1	1	X
cana-4333	143	7	.	.	X
cana-4333	143	8	information	information	NOUN
cana-4333	143	9	gain	gain	VERB
cana-4333	143	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	143	11	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	143	12	ranking	rank	VERB
cana-4333	143	13	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	143	14	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	143	15	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	143	16	their	their	PRON
cana-4333	143	17	ability	ability	NOUN
cana-4333	143	18	to	to	PART
cana-4333	143	19	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
cana-4333	143	20	between	between	ADP
cana-4333	143	21	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	143	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	143	23	genuine	genuine	ADJ
cana-4333	143	24	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	143	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	144	1	2	2	X
cana-4333	144	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	144	3	correlation	correlation	NOUN
cana-4333	144	4	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	144	5	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	144	6	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	144	7	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4333	144	8	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	144	9	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
cana-4333	144	10	redundant	redundant	ADJ
cana-4333	144	11	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	144	12	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4333	144	13	retaining	retain	VERB
cana-4333	144	14	those	those	PRON
cana-4333	144	15	most	most	ADV
cana-4333	144	16	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cana-4333	144	17	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	144	18	the	the	DET
cana-4333	144	19	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4333	144	20	task	task	NOUN
cana-4333	144	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	145	1	3	3	X
cana-4333	145	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	145	3	recursive	recursive	ADJ
cana-4333	145	4	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	145	5	elimination	elimination	NOUN
cana-4333	145	6	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	145	7	iteratively	iteratively	ADV
cana-4333	145	8	refining	refine	VERB
cana-4333	145	9	the	the	DET
cana-4333	145	10	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	145	11	set	set	VERB
cana-4333	145	12	through	through	ADP
cana-4333	145	13	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	145	14	training	training	NOUN
cana-4333	145	15	to	to	PART
cana-4333	145	16	optimize	optimize	VERB
cana-4333	145	17	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4333	145	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	146	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	146	2	strategic	strategic	ADJ
cana-4333	146	3	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	146	4	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4333	146	5	significantly	significantly	ADV
cana-4333	146	6	improves	improve	VERB
cana-4333	146	7	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	146	8	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
cana-4333	146	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	146	10	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4333	146	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	146	12	leading	lead	VERB
cana-4333	146	13	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	146	14	more	more	ADV
cana-4333	146	15	accurate	accurate	ADJ
cana-4333	146	16	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	146	17	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	146	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	147	1	3.3	3.3	NUM
cana-4333	147	2	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	147	3	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4333	147	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	147	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cana-4333	147	6	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	147	7	carefully	carefully	ADV
cana-4333	147	8	selected	select	VERB
cana-4333	147	9	six	six	NUM
cana-4333	147	10	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cana-4333	147	11	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	147	12	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	147	13	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	147	14	to	to	PART
cana-4333	147	15	capture	capture	VERB
cana-4333	147	16	different	different	ADJ
cana-4333	147	17	aspects	aspect	NOUN
cana-4333	147	18	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	147	19	the	the	DET
cana-4333	147	20	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	147	21	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	147	22	problem	problem	NOUN
cana-4333	147	23	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	147	24	1	1	X
cana-4333	147	25	.	.	X
cana-4333	147	26	long	long	ADJ
cana-4333	147	27	short	short	ADJ
cana-4333	147	28	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	147	29	term	term	NOUN
cana-4333	147	30	memory	memory	NOUN
cana-4333	147	31	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4333	147	32	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	147	33	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	147	34	):	):	PUNCT
cana-4333	147	35	chosen	choose	VERB
cana-4333	147	36	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	147	37	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	147	38	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
cana-4333	147	39	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	147	40	text	text	NOUN
cana-4333	147	41	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4333	147	42	tasks	task	NOUN
cana-4333	147	43	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	148	1	2	2	X
cana-4333	148	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	148	3	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
cana-4333	148	4	gradient	gradient	ADJ
cana-4333	148	5	descent	descent	NOUN
cana-4333	148	6	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	148	7	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	148	8	):	):	PUNCT
cana-4333	148	9	selected	select	VERB
cana-4333	148	10	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	148	11	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	148	12	ability	ability	NOUN
cana-4333	148	13	to	to	PART
cana-4333	148	14	handle	handle	VERB
cana-4333	148	15	large	large	ADJ
cana-4333	148	16	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	148	17	scale	scale	NOUN
cana-4333	148	18	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	148	19	problems	problem	NOUN
cana-4333	148	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	149	1	3	3	X
cana-4333	149	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	149	3	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4333	149	4	via	via	ADP
cana-4333	149	5	regression	regression	NOUN
cana-4333	149	6	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	149	7	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	149	8	):	):	PUNCT
cana-4333	149	9	employed	employ	VERB
cana-4333	149	10	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	149	11	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	149	12	potential	potential	NOUN
cana-4333	149	13	to	to	PART
cana-4333	149	14	capture	capture	VERB
cana-4333	149	15	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4333	149	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	149	17	non	non	ADJ
cana-4333	149	18	-	-	ADJ
cana-4333	149	19	linear	linear	ADJ
cana-4333	149	20	relationships	relationship	NOUN
cana-4333	149	21	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	149	22	the	the	DET
cana-4333	149	23	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	149	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	150	1	4	4	X
cana-4333	150	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	150	3	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	150	4	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	150	5	utilized	utilize	VERB
cana-4333	150	6	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	150	7	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	150	8	rule	rule	NOUN
cana-4333	150	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	150	10	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	150	11	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	150	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	150	13	offering	offer	VERB
cana-4333	150	14	interpretable	interpretable	ADJ
cana-4333	150	15	decision	decision	NOUN
cana-4333	150	16	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	150	17	making	making	NOUN
cana-4333	150	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	151	1	5	5	X
cana-4333	151	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	151	3	random	random	ADJ
cana-4333	151	4	tree	tree	NOUN
cana-4333	151	5	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	151	6	rt	rt	INTJ
cana-4333	151	7	):	):	PUNCT
cana-4333	151	8	chosen	choose	VERB
cana-4333	151	9	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	151	10	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	151	11	ability	ability	NOUN
cana-4333	151	12	to	to	PART
cana-4333	151	13	handle	handle	VERB
cana-4333	151	14	high	high	ADJ
cana-4333	151	15	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	151	16	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4333	151	17	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	151	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	151	19	capture	capture	VERB
cana-4333	151	20	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	151	21	interactions	interaction	NOUN
cana-4333	151	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	152	1	6	6	X
cana-4333	152	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	153	1	k	k	X
cana-4333	153	2	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	153	3	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	153	4	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	153	5	selected	select	VERB
cana-4333	153	6	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	153	7	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	153	8	instance	instance	NOUN
cana-4333	153	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	153	10	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	153	11	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	153	12	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	153	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	153	14	potentially	potentially	ADV
cana-4333	153	15	useful	useful	ADJ
cana-4333	153	16	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	153	17	detecting	detect	VERB
cana-4333	153	18	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
cana-4333	153	19	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	153	20	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	153	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	154	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	154	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	154	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	154	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	154	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	154	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	154	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	154	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	154	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	154	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	154	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	154	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	154	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	154	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	155	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	155	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	155	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	155	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	156	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	156	2	1836	1836	NUM
cana-4333	156	3	3.4	3.4	NUM
cana-4333	156	4	training	training	NOUN
cana-4333	156	5	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	156	6	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-4333	156	7	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4333	156	8	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	156	9	ensure	ensure	VERB
cana-4333	156	10	robust	robust	ADJ
cana-4333	156	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	156	12	unbiased	unbiased	ADJ
cana-4333	156	13	results	result	NOUN
cana-4333	156	14	through	through	ADP
cana-4333	156	15	a	a	DET
cana-4333	156	16	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
cana-4333	156	17	training	training	NOUN
cana-4333	156	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	156	19	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-4333	156	20	process	process	NOUN
cana-4333	156	21	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	156	22	1	1	X
cana-4333	156	23	.	.	X
cana-4333	156	24	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	156	25	splitting	splitting	NOUN
cana-4333	156	26	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	156	27	this	this	PRON
cana-4333	156	28	includes	include	VERB
cana-4333	156	29	splitting	split	VERB
cana-4333	156	30	our	our	PRON
cana-4333	156	31	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	156	32	into	into	ADP
cana-4333	156	33	training	training	NOUN
cana-4333	156	34	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	156	35	testing	testing	NOUN
cana-4333	156	36	sets	set	NOUN
cana-4333	156	37	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	156	38	a	a	DET
cana-4333	156	39	90:10	90:10	NUM
cana-4333	156	40	ratio	ratio	NOUN
cana-4333	156	41	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	157	1	2	2	X
cana-4333	157	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	157	3	cross	cross	NOUN
cana-4333	157	4	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	157	5	validation	validation	NOUN
cana-4333	157	6	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	157	7	to	to	PART
cana-4333	157	8	guarantee	guarantee	VERB
cana-4333	157	9	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	157	10	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4333	157	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	157	12	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
cana-4333	157	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	157	14	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	157	15	employ	employ	VERB
cana-4333	157	16	10	10	NUM
cana-4333	157	17	-	-	ADJ
cana-4333	157	18	fold	fold	ADJ
cana-4333	157	19	cross	cross	NOUN
cana-4333	157	20	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	157	21	validation	validation	NOUN
cana-4333	157	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	158	1	3	3	X
cana-4333	158	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	158	3	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4333	158	4	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4333	158	5	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	158	6	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4333	158	7	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	158	8	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
cana-4333	158	9	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	158	10	a	a	DET
cana-4333	158	11	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cana-4333	158	12	suite	suite	NOUN
cana-4333	158	13	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	158	14	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4333	158	15	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	158	16	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	158	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	158	18	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	158	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	158	20	recall	recall	NOUN
cana-4333	158	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	158	22	f	f	X
cana-4333	158	23	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	158	24	measure	measure	NOUN
cana-4333	158	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	158	26	roc	roc	PROPN
cana-4333	158	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	158	28	prc	prc	PROPN
cana-4333	158	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	158	30	kappa	kappa	ADJ
cana-4333	158	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	158	32	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	158	33	mcc	mcc	NOUN
cana-4333	158	34	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	159	1	4	4	NUM
cana-4333	159	2	.	.	NOUN
cana-4333	159	3	error	error	NOUN
cana-4333	159	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	159	5	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	159	6	finally	finally	ADV
cana-4333	159	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	159	8	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	159	9	conduct	conduct	VERB
cana-4333	159	10	detailed	detailed	ADJ
cana-4333	159	11	error	error	NOUN
cana-4333	159	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	159	13	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	159	14	mae	mae	PROPN
cana-4333	159	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	159	16	rmse	rmse	PROPN
cana-4333	159	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	159	18	rae	rae	PROPN
cana-4333	159	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	159	20	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	159	21	rrse	rrse	VERB
cana-4333	159	22	to	to	PART
cana-4333	159	23	understand	understand	VERB
cana-4333	159	24	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	159	25	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
cana-4333	159	26	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	159	27	identify	identify	VERB
cana-4333	159	28	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cana-4333	159	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	160	1	3.5	3.5	NUM
cana-4333	160	2	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	160	3	comparison	comparison	NOUN
cana-4333	160	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	160	5	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4333	160	6	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	160	7	the	the	DET
cana-4333	160	8	final	final	ADJ
cana-4333	160	9	stage	stage	NOUN
cana-4333	160	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	160	11	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	160	12	rigorously	rigorously	ADV
cana-4333	160	13	compare	compare	VERB
cana-4333	160	14	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	160	15	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4333	160	16	across	across	ADP
cana-4333	160	17	all	all	DET
cana-4333	160	18	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4333	160	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	161	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
cana-4333	161	2	significance	significance	NOUN
cana-4333	161	3	tests	test	NOUN
cana-4333	161	4	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	161	5	used	use	VERB
cana-4333	161	6	to	to	PART
cana-4333	161	7	confirm	confirm	VERB
cana-4333	161	8	the	the	DET
cana-4333	161	9	superiority	superiority	NOUN
cana-4333	161	10	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	161	11	the	the	DET
cana-4333	161	12	top	top	ADV
cana-4333	161	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	161	14	performing	perform	VERB
cana-4333	161	15	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	161	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	162	1	3.6	3.6	NUM
cana-4333	162	2	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4333	162	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	162	4	to	to	PART
cana-4333	162	5	ensure	ensure	VERB
cana-4333	162	6	practical	practical	ADJ
cana-4333	162	7	application	application	NOUN
cana-4333	162	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	162	9	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	162	10	analyse	analyse	VERB
cana-4333	162	11	the	the	DET
cana-4333	162	12	best	well	ADV
cana-4333	162	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	162	14	performing	perform	VERB
cana-4333	162	15	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	162	16	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	162	17	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4333	162	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	163	1	this	this	PRON
cana-4333	163	2	involves	involve	VERB
cana-4333	163	3	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4333	163	4	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-4333	163	5	ranking	ranking	ADJ
cana-4333	163	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	163	7	partial	partial	ADJ
cana-4333	163	8	dependence	dependence	NOUN
cana-4333	163	9	plots	plot	NOUN
cana-4333	163	10	to	to	PART
cana-4333	163	11	reveal	reveal	VERB
cana-4333	163	12	the	the	DET
cana-4333	163	13	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	163	14	's	's	PART
cana-4333	163	15	decision	decision	NOUN
cana-4333	163	16	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	163	17	making	make	VERB
cana-4333	163	18	process	process	NOUN
cana-4333	163	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	164	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	164	2	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
cana-4333	164	3	describes	describe	VERB
cana-4333	164	4	the	the	DET
cana-4333	164	5	training	training	NOUN
cana-4333	164	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	164	7	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-4333	164	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	164	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	164	10	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4333	164	11	process	process	NOUN
cana-4333	164	12	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	164	13	the	the	DET
cana-4333	164	14	optimal	optimal	ADJ
cana-4333	164	15	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	164	16	to	to	PART
cana-4333	164	17	classify	classify	VERB
cana-4333	164	18	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	164	19	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	164	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	1	4	4	X
cana-4333	165	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	165	3	outcome	outcome	NOUN
cana-4333	165	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	165	5	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
cana-4333	165	6	this	this	DET
cana-4333	165	7	section	section	NOUN
cana-4333	165	8	focuses	focus	VERB
cana-4333	165	9	the	the	DET
cana-4333	165	10	outcome	outcome	NOUN
cana-4333	165	11	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	165	12	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	165	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	14	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	165	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	16	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	165	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	18	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	165	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	20	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	165	21	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	165	22	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	165	23	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	24	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	165	25	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	165	26	table	table	VERB
cana-4333	165	27	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	165	28	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	29	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-4333	165	30	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	165	31	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cana-4333	165	32	classifier	classifier	NOUN
cana-4333	165	33	accuracy	accuracy	PROPN
cana-4333	165	34	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	165	35	recall	recall	PROPN
cana-4333	165	36	roc	roc	PROPN
cana-4333	165	37	prc	prc	PROPN
cana-4333	165	38	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	165	39	77.4	77.4	NUM
cana-4333	165	40	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	165	41	0.82	0.82	NUM
cana-4333	165	42	0.76	0.76	NUM
cana-4333	165	43	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	165	44	0.84	0.84	NUM
cana-4333	165	45	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	165	46	82.70	82.70	NUM
cana-4333	165	47	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	165	48	0.83	0.83	NUM
cana-4333	165	49	0.82	0.82	NUM
cana-4333	165	50	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4333	165	51	0.9	0.9	NUM
cana-4333	165	52	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	165	53	79.70	79.70	NUM
cana-4333	165	54	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	165	55	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	165	56	0.80	0.80	NUM
cana-4333	165	57	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	165	58	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	165	59	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	165	60	89.12	89.12	NUM
cana-4333	165	61	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	165	62	0.92	0.92	NUM
cana-4333	165	63	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	165	64	0.93	0.93	NUM
cana-4333	165	65	0.93	0.93	NUM
cana-4333	165	66	sgd	sgd	NOUN
cana-4333	165	67	79.81	79.81	NUM
cana-4333	165	68	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	165	69	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	165	70	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	165	71	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4333	165	72	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4333	165	73	k	k	NOUN
cana-4333	165	74	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	165	75	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	165	76	76.70	76.70	NUM
cana-4333	165	77	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	165	78	0.75	0.75	NUM
cana-4333	165	79	0.77	0.77	NUM
cana-4333	165	80	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	165	81	0.72	0.72	NUM
cana-4333	165	82	the	the	DET
cana-4333	165	83	above	above	ADJ
cana-4333	165	84	table	table	NOUN
cana-4333	165	85	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	165	86	shows	show	VERB
cana-4333	165	87	the	the	DET
cana-4333	165	88	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	165	89	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	90	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	165	91	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	92	recall	recall	NOUN
cana-4333	165	93	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	94	receiver	receiver	ADV
cana-4333	165	95	operating	operate	VERB
cana-4333	165	96	characteristic	characteristic	ADJ
cana-4333	165	97	curve	curve	NOUN
cana-4333	165	98	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	99	roc	roc	PROPN
cana-4333	165	100	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	101	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	165	102	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	165	103	recall	recall	PROPN
cana-4333	165	104	curve	curve	NOUN
cana-4333	165	105	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	106	prc	prc	PROPN
cana-4333	165	107	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	108	value	value	NOUN
cana-4333	165	109	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	165	110	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	165	111	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	112	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	165	113	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	114	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	165	115	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	116	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	165	117	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	118	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	165	119	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	165	120	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	165	121	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	165	122	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	165	123	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	165	124	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	166	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	166	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	166	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	166	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	166	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	166	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	166	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	166	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	166	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	166	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	166	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	166	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	166	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	166	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	167	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	167	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	167	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	167	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	167	5	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	167	6	1837	1837	NUM
cana-4333	167	7	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	167	8	2	2	NUM
cana-4333	167	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	167	10	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	167	11	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	167	12	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	167	13	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	167	14	2	2	NUM
cana-4333	167	15	shows	show	VERB
cana-4333	167	16	the	the	DET
cana-4333	167	17	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	167	18	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	167	19	several	several	ADJ
cana-4333	167	20	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	167	21	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	167	22	rt	rt	NOUN
cana-4333	167	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	167	24	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	167	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	167	26	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	167	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	167	28	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	167	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	167	30	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	167	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	167	32	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	167	33	k	k	X
cana-4333	167	34	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	167	35	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	167	36	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	168	1	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	168	2	performed	perform	VERB
cana-4333	168	3	best	well	ADV
cana-4333	168	4	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	168	5	89.12	89.12	NUM
cana-4333	168	6	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	168	7	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	168	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	168	9	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4333	168	10	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	168	11	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	168	12	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	168	13	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	168	14	the	the	DET
cana-4333	168	15	lowest	low	ADJ
cana-4333	168	16	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	168	17	76.70	76.70	NUM
cana-4333	168	18	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	168	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	169	1	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	169	2	achieved	achieve	VERB
cana-4333	169	3	77.4	77.4	NUM
cana-4333	169	4	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	169	5	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	169	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	169	7	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	169	8	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	169	9	reached	reach	VERB
cana-4333	169	10	79.70	79.70	NUM
cana-4333	169	11	%	%	NOUN
cana-4333	169	12	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	170	1	figure	figure	VERB
cana-4333	170	2	3	3	NUM
cana-4333	170	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	170	4	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	170	5	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	170	6	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	170	7	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	170	8	3	3	NUM
cana-4333	170	9	shows	show	VERB
cana-4333	170	10	the	the	DET
cana-4333	170	11	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	170	12	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	170	13	the	the	DET
cana-4333	170	14	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	170	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	170	16	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	170	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	170	18	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	170	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	170	20	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	170	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	170	22	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	170	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	170	24	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	170	25	k	k	X
cana-4333	170	26	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	170	27	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	170	28	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	170	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	171	1	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	171	2	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	171	3	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	171	4	performed	perform	VERB
cana-4333	171	5	best	well	ADV
cana-4333	171	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	171	7	both	both	PRON
cana-4333	171	8	achieving	achieve	VERB
cana-4333	171	9	0.92	0.92	NUM
cana-4333	171	10	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	171	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	172	1	k	k	X
cana-4333	172	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	172	3	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	172	4	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	172	5	the	the	DET
cana-4333	172	6	lowest	low	ADJ
cana-4333	172	7	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	172	8	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	172	9	0.75	0.75	NUM
cana-4333	172	10	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	173	1	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	173	2	reached	reach	VERB
cana-4333	173	3	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	173	4	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	173	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	173	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	173	7	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	173	8	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	173	9	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	173	10	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	174	1	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	174	2	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	174	3	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	174	4	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	174	5	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	174	6	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	174	7	-	-	PROPN
cana-4333	174	8	star	star	PROPN
cana-4333	174	9	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	174	10	77.4	77.4	NUM
cana-4333	174	11	82.7	82.7	NUM
cana-4333	174	12	79.7	79.7	NUM
cana-4333	174	13	89.12	89.12	NUM
cana-4333	174	14	79.81	79.81	NUM
cana-4333	174	15	76.7	76.7	NUM
cana-4333	174	16	77.4	77.4	NUM
cana-4333	174	17	82.7	82.7	NUM
cana-4333	174	18	79.7	79.7	NUM
cana-4333	174	19	89.12	89.12	NUM
cana-4333	174	20	79.81	79.81	NUM
cana-4333	174	21	76.7	76.7	NUM
cana-4333	174	22	70	70	NUM
cana-4333	174	23	72	72	NUM
cana-4333	174	24	74	74	NUM
cana-4333	174	25	76	76	NUM
cana-4333	174	26	78	78	NUM
cana-4333	174	27	80	80	NUM
cana-4333	174	28	82	82	NUM
cana-4333	174	29	84	84	NUM
cana-4333	174	30	86	86	NUM
cana-4333	174	31	88	88	NUM
cana-4333	174	32	90	90	NUM
cana-4333	174	33	92	92	NUM
cana-4333	174	34	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	174	35	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	174	36	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4333	174	37	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	174	38	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	174	39	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	174	40	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	174	41	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	174	42	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	174	43	-	-	PROPN
cana-4333	174	44	star	star	PROPN
cana-4333	174	45	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	174	46	0.82	0.82	NUM
cana-4333	174	47	0.83	0.83	NUM
cana-4333	174	48	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	174	49	0.92	0.92	NUM
cana-4333	174	50	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	174	51	0.75	0.75	NUM
cana-4333	174	52	0.82	0.82	NUM
cana-4333	174	53	0.83	0.83	NUM
cana-4333	174	54	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	174	55	0.92	0.92	NUM
cana-4333	174	56	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	174	57	0.75	0.75	NUM
cana-4333	174	58	0	0	NUM
cana-4333	174	59	0.1	0.1	NUM
cana-4333	174	60	0.2	0.2	NUM
cana-4333	174	61	0.3	0.3	NUM
cana-4333	174	62	0.4	0.4	NUM
cana-4333	174	63	0.5	0.5	NUM
cana-4333	174	64	0.6	0.6	NUM
cana-4333	174	65	0.7	0.7	NUM
cana-4333	174	66	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	174	67	0.9	0.9	NUM
cana-4333	174	68	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	174	69	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	174	70	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	174	71	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	174	72	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	174	73	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	174	74	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	174	75	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	174	76	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	174	77	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	174	78	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	174	79	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	174	80	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	174	81	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	174	82	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	174	83	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	174	84	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	174	85	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	175	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	175	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	175	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	175	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	175	5	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	175	6	1838	1838	NUM
cana-4333	175	7	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	175	8	4	4	NUM
cana-4333	175	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	175	10	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	175	11	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	175	12	recall	recall	NOUN
cana-4333	175	13	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	175	14	4	4	NUM
cana-4333	175	15	displays	display	VERB
cana-4333	175	16	the	the	DET
cana-4333	175	17	recall	recall	NOUN
cana-4333	175	18	scores	score	NOUN
cana-4333	175	19	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	175	20	the	the	DET
cana-4333	175	21	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	175	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	175	23	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	175	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	175	25	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	175	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	175	27	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	175	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	175	29	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	175	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	175	31	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	175	32	k	k	X
cana-4333	175	33	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	175	34	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	175	35	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	175	36	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	176	1	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	176	2	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	176	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	176	4	highest	high	ADJ
cana-4333	176	5	recall	recall	NOUN
cana-4333	176	6	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	176	7	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	176	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	176	9	followed	follow	VERB
cana-4333	176	10	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	176	11	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	176	12	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	177	1	k	k	X
cana-4333	177	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	177	3	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	177	4	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	177	5	the	the	DET
cana-4333	177	6	lowest	low	ADJ
cana-4333	177	7	recall	recall	NOUN
cana-4333	177	8	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	177	9	0.77	0.77	NUM
cana-4333	177	10	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	178	1	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	178	2	's	's	PART
cana-4333	178	3	recall	recall	NOUN
cana-4333	178	4	was	be	AUX
cana-4333	178	5	0.76	0.76	NUM
cana-4333	178	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	178	7	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	178	8	was	be	AUX
cana-4333	178	9	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	178	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	178	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	178	12	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	178	13	was	be	AUX
cana-4333	178	14	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	178	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	179	1	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	179	2	5	5	NUM
cana-4333	179	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	179	4	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	179	5	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	179	6	roc	roc	PROPN
cana-4333	179	7	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	179	8	5	5	NUM
cana-4333	179	9	shows	show	VERB
cana-4333	179	10	the	the	DET
cana-4333	179	11	roc	roc	PROPN
cana-4333	179	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	179	13	receiver	receiver	ADV
cana-4333	179	14	operating	operate	VERB
cana-4333	179	15	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
cana-4333	179	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	179	17	values	value	NOUN
cana-4333	179	18	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	179	19	the	the	DET
cana-4333	179	20	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	179	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	179	22	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	179	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	179	24	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	179	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	179	26	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	179	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	179	28	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	179	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	179	30	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	179	31	k	k	X
cana-4333	179	32	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	179	33	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	179	34	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	179	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	180	1	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	180	2	achieved	achieve	VERB
cana-4333	180	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	180	4	highest	high	ADJ
cana-4333	180	5	roc	roc	NOUN
cana-4333	180	6	score	score	NOUN
cana-4333	180	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	180	8	0.93	0.93	NUM
cana-4333	180	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	180	10	followed	follow	VERB
cana-4333	180	11	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	180	12	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	180	13	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	180	14	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4333	180	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	181	1	k	k	X
cana-4333	181	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	181	3	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	181	4	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	181	5	the	the	DET
cana-4333	181	6	lowest	low	ADJ
cana-4333	181	7	roc	roc	NOUN
cana-4333	181	8	score	score	NOUN
cana-4333	181	9	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	181	10	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	181	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	182	1	rt	rt	NOUN
cana-4333	182	2	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	182	3	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	182	4	both	both	PRON
cana-4333	182	5	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	182	6	a	a	DET
cana-4333	182	7	roc	roc	NOUN
cana-4333	182	8	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	182	9	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	182	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	182	11	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4333	182	12	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	182	13	's	's	PART
cana-4333	182	14	was	be	AUX
cana-4333	182	15	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4333	182	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	183	1	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	183	2	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	183	3	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	183	4	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	183	5	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	183	6	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	183	7	-	-	PROPN
cana-4333	183	8	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	183	9	recall	recall	VERB
cana-4333	183	10	0.76	0.76	NUM
cana-4333	183	11	0.82	0.82	NUM
cana-4333	183	12	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	183	13	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	183	14	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	183	15	0.77	0.77	NUM
cana-4333	183	16	0.76	0.76	NUM
cana-4333	183	17	0.82	0.82	NUM
cana-4333	183	18	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	183	19	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	183	20	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	183	21	0.77	0.77	NUM
cana-4333	183	22	0.7	0.7	NUM
cana-4333	183	23	0.72	0.72	NUM
cana-4333	183	24	0.74	0.74	NUM
cana-4333	183	25	0.76	0.76	NUM
cana-4333	183	26	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	183	27	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	183	28	0.82	0.82	NUM
cana-4333	183	29	0.84	0.84	NUM
cana-4333	183	30	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4333	183	31	0.88	0.88	NUM
cana-4333	183	32	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	183	33	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	183	34	recall	recall	PROPN
cana-4333	183	35	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	183	36	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	183	37	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	183	38	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	183	39	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	183	40	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	183	41	-	-	PROPN
cana-4333	183	42	star	star	PROPN
cana-4333	183	43	roc	roc	PROPN
cana-4333	183	44	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	183	45	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4333	183	46	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	183	47	0.93	0.93	NUM
cana-4333	183	48	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4333	183	49	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	183	50	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	183	51	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4333	183	52	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	183	53	0.93	0.93	NUM
cana-4333	183	54	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4333	183	55	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4333	183	56	0.7	0.7	NUM
cana-4333	183	57	0.75	0.75	NUM
cana-4333	183	58	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	183	59	0.85	0.85	NUM
cana-4333	183	60	0.9	0.9	NUM
cana-4333	183	61	0.95	0.95	NUM
cana-4333	183	62	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	183	63	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	183	64	roc	roc	PROPN
cana-4333	183	65	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	183	66	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	183	67	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	183	68	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	183	69	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	183	70	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	183	71	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	183	72	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	183	73	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	183	74	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	183	75	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	183	76	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	183	77	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	183	78	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	184	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	184	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	5	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	184	6	1839	1839	NUM
cana-4333	184	7	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	184	8	6	6	NUM
cana-4333	184	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	10	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	184	11	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	184	12	prc	prc	PROPN
cana-4333	184	13	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	184	14	6	6	NUM
cana-4333	184	15	presents	present	VERB
cana-4333	184	16	the	the	DET
cana-4333	184	17	prc	prc	PROPN
cana-4333	184	18	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	19	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4333	184	20	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	21	recall	recall	NOUN
cana-4333	184	22	curve	curve	NOUN
cana-4333	184	23	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	24	values	value	NOUN
cana-4333	184	25	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	184	26	the	the	DET
cana-4333	184	27	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	184	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	29	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	184	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	31	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	184	32	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	33	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	184	34	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	35	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	184	36	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	37	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	184	38	k	k	X
cana-4333	184	39	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	184	40	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	184	41	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	184	42	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	185	1	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	185	2	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	185	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	185	4	highest	high	ADJ
cana-4333	185	5	prc	prc	PROPN
cana-4333	185	6	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	185	7	0.93	0.93	NUM
cana-4333	185	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	185	9	followed	follow	VERB
cana-4333	185	10	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	185	11	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	185	12	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	185	13	0.90	0.90	NUM
cana-4333	185	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	186	1	kstar	kstar	PROPN
cana-4333	186	2	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	186	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	186	4	lowest	low	ADJ
cana-4333	186	5	prc	prc	PROPN
cana-4333	186	6	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	186	7	0.72	0.72	NUM
cana-4333	186	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	187	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	187	2	prc	prc	PROPN
cana-4333	187	3	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	187	4	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	187	5	was	be	AUX
cana-4333	187	6	0.84	0.84	NUM
cana-4333	187	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	187	8	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	187	9	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	187	10	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	187	11	was	be	AUX
cana-4333	187	12	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	187	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	187	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	187	15	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	187	16	sgd	sgd	NOUN
cana-4333	187	17	it	it	PRON
cana-4333	187	18	was	be	AUX
cana-4333	187	19	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4333	187	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	188	1	table	table	NOUN
cana-4333	188	2	2	2	NUM
cana-4333	188	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	188	4	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-4333	188	5	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	188	6	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cana-4333	188	7	classifier	classifier	PROPN
cana-4333	188	8	time	time	PROPN
cana-4333	188	9	kappa	kappa	PROPN
cana-4333	189	1	f	f	X
cana-4333	189	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	189	3	measure	measure	NOUN
cana-4333	189	4	mcc	mcc	PROPN
cana-4333	189	5	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	189	6	0.08	0.08	NUM
cana-4333	189	7	0.45	0.45	NUM
cana-4333	189	8	0.75	0.75	NUM
cana-4333	189	9	0.53	0.53	NUM
cana-4333	189	10	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	189	11	0.12	0.12	NUM
cana-4333	189	12	0.55	0.55	NUM
cana-4333	189	13	0.81	0.81	NUM
cana-4333	189	14	0.58	0.58	NUM
cana-4333	189	15	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	189	16	3.1	3.1	NUM
cana-4333	189	17	0.48	0.48	NUM
cana-4333	189	18	0.27	0.27	NUM
cana-4333	189	19	0.52	0.52	NUM
cana-4333	189	20	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	189	21	0.05	0.05	NUM
cana-4333	189	22	0.57	0.57	NUM
cana-4333	189	23	0.83	0.83	NUM
cana-4333	189	24	0.59	0.59	NUM
cana-4333	189	25	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	189	26	0.06	0.06	NUM
cana-4333	189	27	0.51	0.51	NUM
cana-4333	189	28	0.77	0.77	NUM
cana-4333	189	29	0.54	0.54	NUM
cana-4333	189	30	k	k	X
cana-4333	189	31	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	189	32	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	189	33	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	189	34	0.39	0.39	NUM
cana-4333	189	35	0.76	0.76	NUM
cana-4333	189	36	0.46	0.46	NUM
cana-4333	189	37	the	the	DET
cana-4333	189	38	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	189	39	consumption	consumption	NOUN
cana-4333	189	40	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	189	41	kappa	kappa	PROPN
cana-4333	189	42	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	189	43	f	f	X
cana-4333	189	44	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	189	45	measure	measure	NOUN
cana-4333	189	46	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	189	47	mathews	mathews	NOUN
cana-4333	189	48	correlation	correlation	NOUN
cana-4333	189	49	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
cana-4333	189	50	value	value	NOUN
cana-4333	189	51	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	189	52	mcc	mcc	NOUN
cana-4333	189	53	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	189	54	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	189	55	the	the	DET
cana-4333	189	56	chosen	choose	VERB
cana-4333	189	57	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	189	58	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	189	59	presented	present	VERB
cana-4333	189	60	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	189	61	table	table	NOUN
cana-4333	189	62	2	2	NUM
cana-4333	189	63	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	189	64	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	189	65	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	189	66	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	189	67	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	189	68	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	189	69	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	189	70	-	-	PROPN
cana-4333	189	71	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	189	72	prc	prc	PROPN
cana-4333	189	73	0.84	0.84	NUM
cana-4333	189	74	0.9	0.9	NUM
cana-4333	189	75	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	189	76	0.93	0.93	NUM
cana-4333	189	77	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4333	189	78	0.72	0.72	NUM
cana-4333	189	79	0.84	0.84	NUM
cana-4333	189	80	0.9	0.9	NUM
cana-4333	189	81	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4333	189	82	0.93	0.93	NUM
cana-4333	189	83	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4333	189	84	0.72	0.72	NUM
cana-4333	189	85	0	0	NUM
cana-4333	189	86	0.1	0.1	NUM
cana-4333	189	87	0.2	0.2	NUM
cana-4333	189	88	0.3	0.3	NUM
cana-4333	189	89	0.4	0.4	NUM
cana-4333	189	90	0.5	0.5	NUM
cana-4333	189	91	0.6	0.6	NUM
cana-4333	189	92	0.7	0.7	NUM
cana-4333	189	93	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	189	94	0.9	0.9	NUM
cana-4333	189	95	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	189	96	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	189	97	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	189	98	prc	prc	PROPN
cana-4333	189	99	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	189	100	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	189	101	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	189	102	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	189	103	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	189	104	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	189	105	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	189	106	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	189	107	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	189	108	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	189	109	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	189	110	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	189	111	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	189	112	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	190	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	190	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	190	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	190	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	190	5	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	190	6	1840	1840	NUM
cana-4333	190	7	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	190	8	7	7	NUM
cana-4333	190	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	190	10	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	190	11	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	190	12	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	190	13	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	190	14	7	7	NUM
cana-4333	190	15	shows	show	VERB
cana-4333	190	16	the	the	DET
cana-4333	190	17	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	190	18	creation	creation	NOUN
cana-4333	190	19	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	190	20	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	190	21	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	190	22	seconds	second	NOUN
cana-4333	190	23	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	190	24	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	190	25	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	190	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	190	27	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	190	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	190	29	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	190	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	190	31	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	190	32	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	190	33	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	190	34	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	190	35	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	190	36	k	k	X
cana-4333	190	37	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	190	38	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	190	39	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	191	1	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	191	2	took	take	VERB
cana-4333	191	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	191	4	longest	long	ADJ
cana-4333	191	5	to	to	PART
cana-4333	191	6	build	build	VERB
cana-4333	191	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	191	8	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	191	9	3.1	3.1	NUM
cana-4333	191	10	seconds	second	NOUN
cana-4333	191	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	192	1	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	192	2	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	192	3	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	192	4	were	be	AUX
cana-4333	192	5	the	the	DET
cana-4333	192	6	fastest	fast	ADJ
cana-4333	192	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	192	8	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	192	9	0.06	0.06	NUM
cana-4333	192	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	192	11	0.08	0.08	NUM
cana-4333	192	12	seconds	second	NOUN
cana-4333	192	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	192	14	respectively	respectively	ADV
cana-4333	192	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	193	1	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	193	2	took	take	VERB
cana-4333	193	3	0.12	0.12	NUM
cana-4333	193	4	seconds	second	NOUN
cana-4333	193	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	193	6	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	193	7	took	take	VERB
cana-4333	193	8	0.05	0.05	NUM
cana-4333	193	9	seconds	second	NOUN
cana-4333	193	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	193	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	193	12	kstar	kstar	NOUN
cana-4333	193	13	took	take	VERB
cana-4333	193	14	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	193	15	second	second	NOUN
cana-4333	193	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	194	1	figure	figure	VERB
cana-4333	194	2	8	8	NUM
cana-4333	194	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	194	4	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	194	5	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	194	6	kappa	kappa	PROPN
cana-4333	194	7	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	194	8	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	194	9	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	194	10	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	194	11	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	194	12	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	194	13	-	-	PROPN
cana-4333	194	14	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	194	15	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	194	16	0.08	0.08	NUM
cana-4333	194	17	0.12	0.12	NUM
cana-4333	194	18	3.1	3.1	NUM
cana-4333	194	19	0.05	0.05	NUM
cana-4333	194	20	0.06	0.06	NUM
cana-4333	194	21	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	194	22	0.08	0.08	NUM
cana-4333	194	23	0.12	0.12	NUM
cana-4333	194	24	3.1	3.1	NUM
cana-4333	194	25	0.05	0.05	NUM
cana-4333	194	26	0.06	0.06	NUM
cana-4333	194	27	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	194	28	0	0	NUM
cana-4333	194	29	0.5	0.5	NUM
cana-4333	194	30	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	194	31	1.5	1.5	NUM
cana-4333	194	32	2	2	NUM
cana-4333	194	33	2.5	2.5	NUM
cana-4333	194	34	3	3	NUM
cana-4333	194	35	3.5	3.5	NUM
cana-4333	194	36	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	194	37	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	194	38	time	time	NOUN
cana-4333	194	39	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	194	40	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	194	41	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	194	42	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	194	43	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	194	44	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	194	45	-	-	PROPN
cana-4333	194	46	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	194	47	kappa	kappa	NOUN
cana-4333	194	48	0.45	0.45	NUM
cana-4333	194	49	0.55	0.55	NUM
cana-4333	194	50	0.48	0.48	NUM
cana-4333	194	51	0.57	0.57	NUM
cana-4333	194	52	0.51	0.51	NUM
cana-4333	194	53	0.39	0.39	NUM
cana-4333	194	54	0.45	0.45	NUM
cana-4333	194	55	0.55	0.55	NUM
cana-4333	194	56	0.48	0.48	NUM
cana-4333	194	57	0.57	0.57	NUM
cana-4333	194	58	0.51	0.51	NUM
cana-4333	194	59	0.39	0.39	NUM
cana-4333	194	60	0	0	NUM
cana-4333	194	61	0.1	0.1	NUM
cana-4333	194	62	0.2	0.2	NUM
cana-4333	194	63	0.3	0.3	NUM
cana-4333	194	64	0.4	0.4	NUM
cana-4333	194	65	0.5	0.5	NUM
cana-4333	194	66	0.6	0.6	NUM
cana-4333	194	67	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	194	68	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	194	69	kappa	kappa	PROPN
cana-4333	194	70	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	194	71	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	194	72	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	194	73	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	194	74	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	194	75	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	194	76	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	194	77	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	194	78	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	194	79	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	194	80	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	194	81	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	194	82	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	194	83	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	195	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	195	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	195	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	195	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	195	5	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	195	6	1841	1841	NUM
cana-4333	195	7	figure	figure	VERB
cana-4333	195	8	8	8	NUM
cana-4333	195	9	shows	show	VERB
cana-4333	195	10	the	the	DET
cana-4333	195	11	kappa	kappa	ADJ
cana-4333	195	12	values	value	NOUN
cana-4333	195	13	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	195	14	the	the	DET
cana-4333	195	15	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	195	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	195	17	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	195	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	195	19	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	195	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	195	21	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	195	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	195	23	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	195	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	195	25	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	195	26	k	k	X
cana-4333	195	27	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	195	28	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	195	29	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	195	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	196	1	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	196	2	achieved	achieve	VERB
cana-4333	196	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	196	4	highest	high	ADJ
cana-4333	196	5	kappa	kappa	ADJ
cana-4333	196	6	value	value	NOUN
cana-4333	196	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	196	8	0.57	0.57	NUM
cana-4333	196	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	196	10	followed	follow	VERB
cana-4333	196	11	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	196	12	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	196	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	197	1	k	k	X
cana-4333	197	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	197	3	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	197	4	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	197	5	the	the	DET
cana-4333	197	6	lowest	low	ADJ
cana-4333	197	7	kappa	kappa	ADJ
cana-4333	197	8	value	value	NOUN
cana-4333	197	9	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	197	10	0.39	0.39	NUM
cana-4333	197	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	198	1	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	198	2	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	198	3	a	a	DET
cana-4333	198	4	kappa	kappa	NOUN
cana-4333	198	5	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	198	6	0.51	0.51	NUM
cana-4333	198	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	198	8	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	198	9	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	198	10	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	198	11	a	a	DET
cana-4333	198	12	kappa	kappa	NOUN
cana-4333	198	13	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	198	14	0.45	0.45	NUM
cana-4333	198	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	199	1	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	199	2	9	9	NUM
cana-4333	199	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	199	4	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	199	5	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	199	6	f	f	ADJ
cana-4333	199	7	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	199	8	measure	measure	NOUN
cana-4333	199	9	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	199	10	9	9	NUM
cana-4333	199	11	shows	show	VERB
cana-4333	199	12	the	the	DET
cana-4333	199	13	f	f	NUM
cana-4333	199	14	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	199	15	measure	measure	NOUN
cana-4333	199	16	scores	score	NOUN
cana-4333	199	17	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	199	18	the	the	DET
cana-4333	199	19	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	199	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	199	21	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	199	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	199	23	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	199	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	199	25	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	199	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	199	27	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	199	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	199	29	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	199	30	k	k	X
cana-4333	199	31	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	199	32	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	199	33	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	199	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	200	1	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	200	2	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	200	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	200	4	highest	high	ADJ
cana-4333	200	5	f	f	NOUN
cana-4333	200	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	200	7	measure	measure	NOUN
cana-4333	200	8	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	200	9	0.83	0.83	NUM
cana-4333	200	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	200	11	followed	follow	VERB
cana-4333	200	12	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	200	13	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	200	14	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	200	15	0.81	0.81	NUM
cana-4333	200	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	201	1	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	201	2	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	201	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	201	4	lowest	low	ADJ
cana-4333	201	5	fmeasure	fmeasure	NOUN
cana-4333	201	6	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	201	7	0.27	0.27	NUM
cana-4333	201	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	202	1	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	202	2	scored	score	VERB
cana-4333	202	3	0.75	0.75	NUM
cana-4333	202	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	202	5	k	k	NOUN
cana-4333	202	6	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	202	7	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	202	8	scored	score	VERB
cana-4333	202	9	0.76	0.76	NUM
cana-4333	202	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	202	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	202	12	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	202	13	scored	score	VERB
cana-4333	202	14	0.77	0.77	NUM
cana-4333	202	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	203	1	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	203	2	10	10	NUM
cana-4333	203	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	203	4	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	203	5	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	203	6	mcc	mcc	PROPN
cana-4333	203	7	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	203	8	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	203	9	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	203	10	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	203	11	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	203	12	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	203	13	-	-	PROPN
cana-4333	203	14	star	star	ADJ
cana-4333	203	15	f	f	NOUN
cana-4333	203	16	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	203	17	measure	measure	NOUN
cana-4333	203	18	0.75	0.75	NUM
cana-4333	203	19	0.81	0.81	NUM
cana-4333	203	20	0.27	0.27	NUM
cana-4333	203	21	0.83	0.83	NUM
cana-4333	203	22	0.77	0.77	NUM
cana-4333	203	23	0.76	0.76	NUM
cana-4333	203	24	0.75	0.75	NUM
cana-4333	203	25	0.81	0.81	NUM
cana-4333	203	26	0.27	0.27	NUM
cana-4333	203	27	0.83	0.83	NUM
cana-4333	203	28	0.77	0.77	NUM
cana-4333	203	29	0.76	0.76	NUM
cana-4333	203	30	0	0	NUM
cana-4333	203	31	0.1	0.1	NUM
cana-4333	203	32	0.2	0.2	NUM
cana-4333	203	33	0.3	0.3	NUM
cana-4333	203	34	0.4	0.4	NUM
cana-4333	203	35	0.5	0.5	NUM
cana-4333	203	36	0.6	0.6	NUM
cana-4333	203	37	0.7	0.7	NUM
cana-4333	203	38	0.8	0.8	NUM
cana-4333	203	39	0.9	0.9	NUM
cana-4333	203	40	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	203	41	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	203	42	f	f	NOUN
cana-4333	203	43	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	203	44	measure	measure	NOUN
cana-4333	203	45	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	203	46	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	203	47	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	203	48	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	203	49	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	203	50	k	k	PROPN
cana-4333	203	51	-	-	PROPN
cana-4333	203	52	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	203	53	mcc	mcc	PROPN
cana-4333	203	54	0.53	0.53	NUM
cana-4333	203	55	0.58	0.58	NUM
cana-4333	203	56	0.52	0.52	NUM
cana-4333	203	57	0.59	0.59	NUM
cana-4333	203	58	0.54	0.54	NUM
cana-4333	203	59	0.46	0.46	NUM
cana-4333	203	60	0.53	0.53	NUM
cana-4333	203	61	0.58	0.58	NUM
cana-4333	203	62	0.52	0.52	NUM
cana-4333	203	63	0.59	0.59	NUM
cana-4333	203	64	0.54	0.54	NUM
cana-4333	203	65	0.46	0.46	NUM
cana-4333	203	66	0	0	NUM
cana-4333	203	67	0.1	0.1	NUM
cana-4333	203	68	0.2	0.2	NUM
cana-4333	203	69	0.3	0.3	NUM
cana-4333	203	70	0.4	0.4	NUM
cana-4333	203	71	0.5	0.5	NUM
cana-4333	203	72	0.6	0.6	NUM
cana-4333	203	73	0.7	0.7	NUM
cana-4333	203	74	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	203	75	vs	vs	ADP
cana-4333	203	76	mcc	mcc	PROPN
cana-4333	203	77	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	203	78	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	203	79	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	203	80	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4333	203	81	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	203	82	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	203	83	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	203	84	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	203	85	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	203	86	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	203	87	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	203	88	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	203	89	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	203	90	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	204	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	204	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	204	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	204	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	204	5	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	204	6	1842	1842	NUM
cana-4333	204	7	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-4333	204	8	10	10	NUM
cana-4333	204	9	displays	display	VERB
cana-4333	204	10	the	the	DET
cana-4333	204	11	mcc	mcc	PROPN
cana-4333	204	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	204	13	matthews	matthews	PROPN
cana-4333	204	14	correlation	correlation	NOUN
cana-4333	204	15	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
cana-4333	204	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	204	17	values	value	NOUN
cana-4333	204	18	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	204	19	the	the	DET
cana-4333	204	20	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	204	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	204	22	cvr	cvr	PROPN
cana-4333	204	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	204	24	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	204	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	204	26	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	204	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	204	28	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	204	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	204	30	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	204	31	k	k	X
cana-4333	204	32	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	204	33	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	204	34	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	204	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	205	1	lstm	lstm	NOUN
cana-4333	205	2	achieved	achieve	VERB
cana-4333	205	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	205	4	highest	high	ADJ
cana-4333	205	5	mcc	mcc	NOUN
cana-4333	205	6	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	205	7	0.59	0.59	NUM
cana-4333	205	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	205	9	followed	follow	VERB
cana-4333	205	10	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	205	11	cvr	cvr	NOUN
cana-4333	205	12	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	205	13	0.58	0.58	NUM
cana-4333	205	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	206	1	k	k	X
cana-4333	206	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	206	3	star	star	NOUN
cana-4333	206	4	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	206	5	the	the	DET
cana-4333	206	6	lowest	low	ADJ
cana-4333	206	7	mcc	mcc	NOUN
cana-4333	206	8	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	206	9	0.46	0.46	NUM
cana-4333	206	10	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	207	1	rt	rt	PROPN
cana-4333	207	2	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	207	3	an	an	DET
cana-4333	207	4	mcc	mcc	NOUN
cana-4333	207	5	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	207	6	0.53	0.53	NUM
cana-4333	207	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	207	8	part	part	NOUN
cana-4333	207	9	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	207	10	an	an	DET
cana-4333	207	11	mcc	mcc	NOUN
cana-4333	207	12	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	207	13	0.52	0.52	NUM
cana-4333	207	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	207	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	207	16	sgd	sgd	PROPN
cana-4333	207	17	had	have	VERB
cana-4333	207	18	an	an	DET
cana-4333	207	19	mcc	mcc	NOUN
cana-4333	207	20	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	207	21	0.54	0.54	NUM
cana-4333	207	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	208	1	5	5	NUM
cana-4333	208	2	.	.	X
cana-4333	208	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cana-4333	208	4	this	this	DET
cana-4333	208	5	study	study	NOUN
cana-4333	208	6	introduced	introduce	VERB
cana-4333	208	7	a	a	DET
cana-4333	208	8	new	new	ADJ
cana-4333	208	9	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	208	10	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	208	11	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	208	12	system	system	NOUN
cana-4333	208	13	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	208	14	detecting	detect	VERB
cana-4333	208	15	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	208	16	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	208	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	208	18	which	which	PRON
cana-4333	208	19	is	be	AUX
cana-4333	208	20	a	a	DET
cana-4333	208	21	growing	grow	VERB
cana-4333	208	22	problem	problem	NOUN
cana-4333	208	23	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	208	24	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	208	25	platforms	platform	NOUN
cana-4333	208	26	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	209	1	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	209	2	advanced	advanced	ADJ
cana-4333	209	3	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4333	209	4	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	209	5	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	209	6	natural	natural	ADJ
cana-4333	209	7	language	language	NOUN
cana-4333	209	8	processing	processing	NOUN
cana-4333	209	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	209	10	the	the	DET
cana-4333	209	11	system	system	NOUN
cana-4333	209	12	performed	perform	VERB
cana-4333	209	13	very	very	ADV
cana-4333	209	14	well	well	ADV
cana-4333	209	15	at	at	ADP
cana-4333	209	16	identifying	identify	VERB
cana-4333	209	17	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	209	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	209	19	especially	especially	ADV
cana-4333	209	20	ai	ai	AUX
cana-4333	209	21	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	209	22	generated	generate	VERB
cana-4333	209	23	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	209	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	210	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	210	2	research	research	NOUN
cana-4333	210	3	shows	show	VERB
cana-4333	210	4	the	the	DET
cana-4333	210	5	need	need	NOUN
cana-4333	210	6	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	210	7	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
cana-4333	210	8	ai	ai	VERB
cana-4333	210	9	solutions	solution	NOUN
cana-4333	210	10	to	to	PART
cana-4333	210	11	protect	protect	VERB
cana-4333	210	12	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	210	13	platforms	platform	NOUN
cana-4333	210	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	211	1	however	however	ADV
cana-4333	211	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	211	3	understanding	understand	VERB
cana-4333	211	4	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4333	211	5	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	211	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	211	7	especially	especially	ADV
cana-4333	211	8	ensembles	ensemble	NOUN
cana-4333	211	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	211	10	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	211	11	be	be	AUX
cana-4333	211	12	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cana-4333	211	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	212	1	the	the	DET
cana-4333	212	2	study	study	NOUN
cana-4333	212	3	addresses	address	VERB
cana-4333	212	4	these	these	DET
cana-4333	212	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cana-4333	212	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	212	7	explains	explain	VERB
cana-4333	212	8	how	how	SCONJ
cana-4333	212	9	potential	potential	ADJ
cana-4333	212	10	biases	bias	NOUN
cana-4333	212	11	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	212	12	expert	expert	NOUN
cana-4333	212	13	validation	validation	NOUN
cana-4333	212	14	were	be	AUX
cana-4333	212	15	minimized	minimize	VERB
cana-4333	212	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	213	1	future	future	ADJ
cana-4333	213	2	work	work	NOUN
cana-4333	213	3	will	will	AUX
cana-4333	213	4	focus	focus	VERB
cana-4333	213	5	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	213	6	making	make	VERB
cana-4333	213	7	the	the	DET
cana-4333	213	8	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	213	9	easier	easy	ADJ
cana-4333	213	10	to	to	PART
cana-4333	213	11	understand	understand	VERB
cana-4333	213	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	213	13	continuing	continue	VERB
cana-4333	213	14	to	to	PART
cana-4333	213	15	work	work	VERB
cana-4333	213	16	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	213	17	experts	expert	NOUN
cana-4333	213	18	to	to	PART
cana-4333	213	19	improve	improve	VERB
cana-4333	213	20	them	they	PRON
cana-4333	213	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	214	1	ethical	ethical	ADJ
cana-4333	214	2	considerations	consideration	NOUN
cana-4333	214	3	are	be	AUX
cana-4333	214	4	crucial	crucial	ADJ
cana-4333	214	5	to	to	ADP
cana-4333	214	6	our	our	PRON
cana-4333	214	7	interpretable	interpretable	ADJ
cana-4333	214	8	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	214	9	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	214	10	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4333	214	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	215	1	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	215	2	examine	examine	VERB
cana-4333	215	3	the	the	DET
cana-4333	215	4	ethical	ethical	ADJ
cana-4333	215	5	implications	implication	NOUN
cana-4333	215	6	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	215	7	revealing	reveal	VERB
cana-4333	215	8	how	how	SCONJ
cana-4333	215	9	the	the	DET
cana-4333	215	10	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	215	11	makes	make	VERB
cana-4333	215	12	decisions	decision	NOUN
cana-4333	215	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	215	14	including	include	VERB
cana-4333	215	15	privacy	privacy	NOUN
cana-4333	215	16	concerns	concern	NOUN
cana-4333	215	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	215	18	the	the	DET
cana-4333	215	19	potential	potential	NOUN
cana-4333	215	20	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	215	21	misuse	misuse	NOUN
cana-4333	215	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	216	1	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	216	2	also	also	ADV
cana-4333	216	3	discuss	discuss	VERB
cana-4333	216	4	the	the	DET
cana-4333	216	5	broader	broad	ADJ
cana-4333	216	6	impact	impact	NOUN
cana-4333	216	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	216	8	interpretable	interpretable	ADJ
cana-4333	216	9	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4333	216	10	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	216	11	e	e	NOUN
cana-4333	216	12	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	216	13	commerce	commerce	NOUN
cana-4333	216	14	integrity	integrity	NOUN
cana-4333	216	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	216	16	consumer	consumer	NOUN
cana-4333	216	17	trust	trust	NOUN
cana-4333	216	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	217	1	our	our	PRON
cana-4333	217	2	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4333	217	3	not	not	PART
cana-4333	217	4	only	only	ADV
cana-4333	217	5	outperformed	outperform	VERB
cana-4333	217	6	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cana-4333	217	7	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	217	8	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4333	217	9	models	model	NOUN
cana-4333	217	10	but	but	CCONJ
cana-4333	217	11	also	also	ADV
cana-4333	217	12	provides	provide	VERB
cana-4333	217	13	a	a	DET
cana-4333	217	14	scalable	scalable	ADJ
cana-4333	217	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	217	16	accurate	accurate	ADJ
cana-4333	217	17	way	way	NOUN
cana-4333	217	18	to	to	PART
cana-4333	217	19	detect	detect	VERB
cana-4333	217	20	ai	ai	ADJ
cana-4333	217	21	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	217	22	generated	generate	VERB
cana-4333	217	23	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	217	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	217	25	significantly	significantly	ADV
cana-4333	217	26	improving	improve	VERB
cana-4333	217	27	the	the	DET
cana-4333	217	28	reliability	reliability	NOUN
cana-4333	217	29	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	217	30	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	217	31	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	217	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	218	1	this	this	DET
cana-4333	218	2	work	work	NOUN
cana-4333	218	3	sets	set	VERB
cana-4333	218	4	the	the	DET
cana-4333	218	5	stage	stage	NOUN
cana-4333	218	6	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	218	7	future	future	ADJ
cana-4333	218	8	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	218	9	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	218	10	development	development	NOUN
cana-4333	218	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	218	12	offering	offer	VERB
cana-4333	218	13	a	a	DET
cana-4333	218	14	powerful	powerful	ADJ
cana-4333	218	15	tool	tool	NOUN
cana-4333	218	16	that	that	PRON
cana-4333	218	17	can	can	AUX
cana-4333	218	18	be	be	AUX
cana-4333	218	19	easily	easily	ADV
cana-4333	218	20	integrated	integrate	VERB
cana-4333	218	21	into	into	ADP
cana-4333	218	22	various	various	ADJ
cana-4333	218	23	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	218	24	environments	environment	NOUN
cana-4333	218	25	to	to	PART
cana-4333	218	26	protect	protect	VERB
cana-4333	218	27	consumer	consumer	NOUN
cana-4333	218	28	trust	trust	NOUN
cana-4333	218	29	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	218	30	improve	improve	VERB
cana-4333	218	31	decision	decision	NOUN
cana-4333	218	32	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	218	33	making	making	NOUN
cana-4333	218	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	219	1	based	base	VERB
cana-4333	219	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	219	3	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	219	4	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4333	219	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	219	6	we	we	PRON
cana-4333	219	7	recommend	recommend	VERB
cana-4333	219	8	the	the	DET
cana-4333	219	9	lstm	lstm	PROPN
cana-4333	219	10	model	model	NOUN
cana-4333	219	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	220	1	references	reference	NOUN
cana-4333	220	2	[	[	X
cana-4333	220	3	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	220	4	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	220	5	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
cana-4333	220	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	220	7	h.	h.	PROPN
cana-4333	220	8	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	220	9	traore	traore	PROPN
cana-4333	220	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	220	11	i.	i.	PROPN
cana-4333	220	12	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	220	13	saad	saad	PROPN
cana-4333	220	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	220	15	s.	s.	PROPN
cana-4333	220	16	detecting	detect	VERB
cana-4333	220	17	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cana-4333	220	18	spams	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	220	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	220	20	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	220	21	news	news	NOUN
cana-4333	220	22	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	220	23	text	text	NOUN
cana-4333	220	24	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4333	220	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	221	1	secur	secur	NOUN
cana-4333	221	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	222	1	priv	priv	PROPN
cana-4333	222	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	223	1	2018	2018	NUM
cana-4333	223	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	223	3	1	1	NUM
cana-4333	223	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	223	5	e9	e9	PROPN
cana-4333	223	6	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	224	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	224	2	crossref	crossref	X
cana-4333	224	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	224	4	[	[	X
cana-4333	224	5	2	2	NUM
cana-4333	224	6	]	]	X
cana-4333	224	7	crawford	crawford	PROPN
cana-4333	224	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	224	9	m.	m.	NOUN
cana-4333	224	10	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	224	11	khoshgoftaar	khoshgoftaar	PROPN
cana-4333	224	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	224	13	t.m	t.m	PROPN
cana-4333	224	14	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	224	15	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	224	16	prusa	prusa	PROPN
cana-4333	224	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	224	18	j.d	j.d	PROPN
cana-4333	224	19	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	224	20	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	224	21	richter	richter	PROPN
cana-4333	224	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	224	23	a.n	a.n	PROPN
cana-4333	224	24	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	224	25	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	224	26	al	al	PROPN
cana-4333	224	27	najada	najada	PROPN
cana-4333	224	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	224	29	h.	h.	PROPN
cana-4333	224	30	survey	survey	NOUN
cana-4333	224	31	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	224	32	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	224	33	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	224	34	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	224	35	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	224	36	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4333	224	37	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4333	224	38	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4333	224	39	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	225	1	j.	j.	PROPN
cana-4333	225	2	big	big	PROPN
cana-4333	225	3	data	data	PROPN
cana-4333	225	4	2015	2015	NUM
cana-4333	225	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	225	6	2	2	NUM
cana-4333	225	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	225	8	23	23	NUM
cana-4333	225	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	226	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	226	2	crossref	crossref	X
cana-4333	226	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	226	4	[	[	X
cana-4333	226	5	3	3	NUM
cana-4333	226	6	]	]	X
cana-4333	226	7	lee	lee	PROPN
cana-4333	226	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	226	9	k.d	k.d	PROPN
cana-4333	226	10	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	226	11	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	226	12	han	han	PROPN
cana-4333	226	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	226	14	k.	k.	PROPN
cana-4333	226	15	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	226	16	myaeng	myaeng	PROPN
cana-4333	226	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	226	18	s.h	s.h	PROPN
cana-4333	226	19	.	.	NOUN
cana-4333	226	20	capturing	capture	VERB
cana-4333	226	21	word	word	NOUN
cana-4333	226	22	choice	choice	NOUN
cana-4333	226	23	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cana-4333	226	24	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	226	25	lda	lda	PROPN
cana-4333	226	26	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	226	27	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	226	28	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	226	29	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	226	30	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	226	31	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
cana-4333	226	32	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	226	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	227	1	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	227	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cana-4333	227	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	227	4	the	the	DET
cana-4333	227	5	international	international	ADJ
cana-4333	227	6	conference	conference	NOUN
cana-4333	227	7	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	227	8	web	web	NOUN
cana-4333	227	9	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cana-4333	227	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	227	11	mining	mining	NOUN
cana-4333	227	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	227	13	semantics	semantic	NOUN
cana-4333	227	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	227	15	nimes	nime	NOUN
cana-4333	227	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	227	17	france	france	PROPN
cana-4333	227	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	227	19	13–15	13–15	PROPN
cana-4333	227	20	june	june	PROPN
cana-4333	227	21	2016	2016	NUM
cana-4333	227	22	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	227	23	pp	pp	X
cana-4333	227	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	228	1	1–7	1–7	X
cana-4333	228	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	229	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	229	2	4	4	NUM
cana-4333	229	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	229	4	floridi	floridi	ADJ
cana-4333	229	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	229	6	l.	l.	PROPN
cana-4333	229	7	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	229	8	chiriatti	chiriatti	PROPN
cana-4333	229	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	229	10	m.	m.	NOUN
cana-4333	229	11	gpt-3	gpt-3	NOUN
cana-4333	229	12	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	229	13	its	its	PRON
cana-4333	229	14	nature	nature	NOUN
cana-4333	229	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	229	16	scope	scope	NOUN
cana-4333	229	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	229	18	limits	limit	NOUN
cana-4333	229	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	229	20	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	229	21	consequences	consequence	NOUN
cana-4333	229	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	230	1	minds	mind	VERB
cana-4333	230	2	mach	mach	NOUN
cana-4333	230	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	231	1	2020	2020	NUM
cana-4333	231	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	231	3	30	30	NUM
cana-4333	231	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	231	5	681–694	681–694	NUM
cana-4333	231	6	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	232	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	232	2	crossref	crossref	X
cana-4333	232	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	232	4	[	[	X
cana-4333	232	5	5	5	NUM
cana-4333	232	6	]	]	SYM
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cana-4333	232	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	232	9	m.	m.	NOUN
cana-4333	232	10	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	232	11	choi	choi	NOUN
cana-4333	232	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	232	13	y.	y.	PROPN
cana-4333	232	14	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	232	15	cardie	cardie	PROPN
cana-4333	232	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	232	17	c.	c.	PROPN
cana-4333	232	18	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	232	19	hancock	hancock	PROPN
cana-4333	232	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	232	21	j.t	j.t	PROPN
cana-4333	232	22	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	232	23	finding	find	VERB
cana-4333	232	24	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
cana-4333	232	25	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cana-4333	232	26	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	232	27	by	by	ADP
cana-4333	232	28	any	any	DET
cana-4333	232	29	stretch	stretch	NOUN
cana-4333	232	30	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	232	31	the	the	DET
cana-4333	232	32	imagination	imagination	NOUN
cana-4333	232	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	233	1	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
cana-4333	233	2	2011,arxiv:1107.4557	2011,arxiv:1107.4557	NUM
cana-4333	233	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	234	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	234	2	6	6	NUM
cana-4333	234	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	234	4	petrescu	petrescu	NOUN
cana-4333	234	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	234	6	m.	m.	NOUN
cana-4333	234	7	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	234	8	o’leary	o’leary	PROPN
cana-4333	234	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	234	10	k.	k.	PROPN
cana-4333	234	11	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	234	12	goldring	goldring	PROPN
cana-4333	234	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	234	14	d.	d.	PROPN
cana-4333	234	15	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	234	16	mrad	mrad	PROPN
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cana-4333	234	18	s.b	s.b	PROPN
cana-4333	234	19	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	234	20	incentivized	incentivize	VERB
cana-4333	234	21	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	234	22	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	234	23	promising	promise	VERB
cana-4333	234	24	the	the	DET
cana-4333	234	25	moon	moon	NOUN
cana-4333	234	26	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	234	27	a	a	DET
cana-4333	234	28	few	few	ADJ
cana-4333	234	29	stars	star	NOUN
cana-4333	234	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	235	1	j.	j.	PROPN
cana-4333	235	2	retail	retail	PROPN
cana-4333	235	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	236	1	consum.serv	consum.serv	X
cana-4333	236	2	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	236	3	2018	2018	NUM
cana-4333	236	4	,	,	PUNCT
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cana-4333	236	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	236	7	288–295	288–295	NUM
cana-4333	236	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	237	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	237	2	crossref	crossref	X
cana-4333	237	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	237	4	[	[	X
cana-4333	237	5	7	7	NUM
cana-4333	237	6	]	]	X
cana-4333	237	7	costa	costa	PROPN
cana-4333	237	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	237	9	a.	a.	PROPN
cana-4333	237	10	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	237	11	guerreiro	guerreiro	PROPN
cana-4333	237	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	237	13	j.	j.	PROPN
cana-4333	237	14	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	237	15	moro	moro	PROPN
cana-4333	237	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	237	17	s.	s.	PROPN
cana-4333	237	18	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	237	19	henriques	henrique	NOUN
cana-4333	237	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	237	21	r.	r.	PROPN
cana-4333	237	22	unfolding	unfold	VERB
cana-4333	237	23	the	the	DET
cana-4333	237	24	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
cana-4333	237	25	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	237	26	incentivized	incentivize	VERB
cana-4333	237	27	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	237	28	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	237	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	238	1	j.	j.	PROPN
cana-4333	238	2	retail	retail	PROPN
cana-4333	238	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	239	1	consum.serv	consum.serv	X
cana-4333	239	2	.	.	PROPN
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cana-4333	239	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	239	5	47	47	NUM
cana-4333	239	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	239	7	272–281	272–281	NUM
cana-4333	239	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	240	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	240	2	crossref	crossref	X
cana-4333	240	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	240	4	[	[	X
cana-4333	240	5	8	8	NUM
cana-4333	240	6	]	]	X
cana-4333	240	7	depaulo	depaulo	NOUN
cana-4333	240	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	240	9	b.m	b.m	PROPN
cana-4333	240	10	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	240	11	;	;	PUNCT
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cana-4333	240	15	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	240	16	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	240	17	kirkendol	kirkendol	PROPN
cana-4333	240	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	240	19	s.e	s.e	PROPN
cana-4333	240	20	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	240	21	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	240	22	wyer	wyer	PROPN
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cana-4333	240	24	m.m	m.m	PROPN
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cana-4333	240	29	j.a	j.a	PROPN
cana-4333	240	30	.	.	PROPN
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cana-4333	240	32	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	240	33	everyday	everyday	ADJ
cana-4333	240	34	life	life	NOUN
cana-4333	240	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	241	1	j.	j.	PROPN
cana-4333	241	2	personal	personal	PROPN
cana-4333	241	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	241	4	soc	soc	PROPN
cana-4333	241	5	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	242	1	psychol	psychol	NOUN
cana-4333	242	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	243	1	1996,70	1996,70	NUM
cana-4333	243	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	243	3	979	979	NUM
cana-4333	243	4	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	244	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	244	2	crossref	crossref	X
cana-4333	244	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	244	4	[	[	X
cana-4333	244	5	9	9	NUM
cana-4333	244	6	]	]	X
cana-4333	244	7	jindal	jindal	NOUN
cana-4333	244	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	244	9	n.	n.	PROPN
cana-4333	244	10	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	244	11	liu	liu	PROPN
cana-4333	244	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	244	13	b.	b.	PROPN
cana-4333	244	14	opinion	opinion	PROPN
cana-4333	244	15	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	244	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	244	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4333	244	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	245	1	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	245	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
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cana-4333	245	8	on	on	ADP
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cana-4333	245	10	search	search	NOUN
cana-4333	245	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	245	12	datamining	datamining	NOUN
cana-4333	245	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	245	14	palo	palo	PROPN
cana-4333	245	15	alto	alto	PROPN
cana-4333	245	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	245	17	ca	ca	PROPN
cana-4333	245	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	245	19	usa	usa	PROPN
cana-4333	245	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	245	21	11–12	11–12	NUM
cana-4333	245	22	february	february	NOUN
cana-4333	245	23	2008	2008	NUM
cana-4333	245	24	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	245	25	pp	pp	ADP
cana-4333	245	26	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	246	1	219–230	219–230	NUM
cana-4333	246	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	247	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4333	247	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	247	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4333	247	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
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cana-4333	247	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4333	247	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	247	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4333	247	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	247	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4333	247	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4333	247	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4333	247	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4333	247	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	248	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4333	248	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	248	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4333	248	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	248	5	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4333	248	6	1843	1843	NUM
cana-4333	249	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	249	2	10	10	NUM
cana-4333	249	3	]	]	X
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cana-4333	249	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	249	6	r.	r.	VERB
cana-4333	249	7	what	what	PRON
cana-4333	249	8	makes	make	VERB
cana-4333	249	9	an	an	DET
cana-4333	249	10	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	249	11	consumer	consumer	NOUN
cana-4333	249	12	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	249	13	trustworthy	trustworthy	ADJ
cana-4333	249	14	?	?	PUNCT
cana-4333	250	1	ann	ann	PROPN
cana-4333	250	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	250	3	tour	tour	NOUN
cana-4333	250	4	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	251	1	res	re	NOUN
cana-4333	251	2	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	251	3	2016	2016	NUM
cana-4333	251	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	251	5	58	58	NUM
cana-4333	251	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	251	7	46–64	46–64	NUM
cana-4333	251	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	252	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	252	2	crossref	crossref	X
cana-4333	252	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	252	4	[	[	X
cana-4333	252	5	11	11	NUM
cana-4333	252	6	]	]	SYM
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cana-4333	252	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	252	9	d.	d.	PROPN
cana-4333	252	10	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	252	11	munzel	munzel	PROPN
cana-4333	252	12	,	,	PUNCT
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cana-4333	252	14	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	252	15	pallud	pallud	PROPN
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cana-4333	252	17	j.	j.	PROPN
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cana-4333	252	19	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	252	20	truth	truth	NOUN
cana-4333	252	21	—	—	PUNCT
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cana-4333	252	23	insights	insight	NOUN
cana-4333	252	24	into	into	ADP
cana-4333	252	25	human	human	ADJ
cana-4333	252	26	and	and	CCONJ
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cana-4333	252	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	253	1	j.	j.	PROPN
cana-4333	253	2	bus	bus	PROPN
cana-4333	253	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	254	1	res	re	NOUN
cana-4333	254	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	255	1	2020	2020	NUM
cana-4333	255	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	255	3	109	109	NUM
cana-4333	255	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	255	5	511–523	511–523	NUM
cana-4333	255	6	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	256	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	256	2	crossref	crossref	X
cana-4333	256	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	256	4	[	[	X
cana-4333	256	5	12	12	NUM
cana-4333	256	6	]	]	X
cana-4333	256	7	sun	sun	NOUN
cana-4333	256	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	256	9	h.	h.	PROPN
cana-4333	256	10	;	;	PUNCT
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cana-4333	256	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	256	13	a.	a.	NOUN
cana-4333	256	14	;	;	PUNCT
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cana-4333	256	17	x.	x.	NOUN
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cana-4333	257	5	19th	19th	ADJ
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cana-4333	257	7	sigkdd	sigkdd	NOUN
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cana-4333	257	9	conference	conference	NOUN
cana-4333	257	10	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	257	11	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	257	12	discovery	discovery	PROPN
cana-4333	257	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	257	14	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4333	257	15	mining	mining	NOUN
cana-4333	257	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	257	17	chicago	chicago	PROPN
cana-4333	257	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	257	19	il	il	PROPN
cana-4333	257	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	257	21	usa	usa	PROPN
cana-4333	257	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	257	23	11–14	11–14	NUM
cana-4333	257	24	august	august	PROPN
cana-4333	257	25	2013	2013	NUM
cana-4333	257	26	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	257	27	pp	pp	ADP
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cana-4333	258	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	259	1	[	[	X
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cana-4333	259	3	]	]	PUNCT
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cana-4333	259	6	e.f	e.f	PROPN
cana-4333	259	7	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	259	8	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	259	9	silva	silva	PROPN
cana-4333	259	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	259	11	r.m	r.m	PROPN
cana-4333	259	12	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	259	13	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	259	14	almeida	almeida	PROPN
cana-4333	259	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	259	16	t.a	t.a	PROPN
cana-4333	259	17	.	.	PROPN
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cana-4333	259	21	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	259	22	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	259	23	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	259	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	260	1	neurocomputing	neurocompute	VERB
cana-4333	260	2	2018	2018	NUM
cana-4333	260	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	260	4	309	309	NUM
cana-4333	260	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	260	6	106–116.[crossref	106–116.[crossref	NOUN
cana-4333	260	7	]	]	X
cana-4333	261	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	261	2	14	14	NUM
cana-4333	261	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	261	4	mihalcea	mihalcea	PROPN
cana-4333	261	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	261	6	r.	r.	PROPN
cana-4333	261	7	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	261	8	strapparava	strapparava	NOUN
cana-4333	261	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	261	10	c.	c.	PROPN
cana-4333	261	11	the	the	DET
cana-4333	261	12	lie	lie	NOUN
cana-4333	261	13	detector	detector	NOUN
cana-4333	261	14	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	261	15	explorations	exploration	NOUN
cana-4333	261	16	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	261	17	the	the	DET
cana-4333	261	18	automatic	automatic	ADJ
cana-4333	261	19	recognition	recognition	NOUN
cana-4333	261	20	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	261	21	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
cana-4333	261	22	language	language	NOUN
cana-4333	261	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	262	1	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	262	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cana-4333	262	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	262	4	the	the	DET
cana-4333	262	5	acl	acl	PROPN
cana-4333	262	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	262	7	ijcnlp	ijcnlp	ADJ
cana-4333	262	8	2009	2009	NUM
cana-4333	262	9	conference	conference	NOUN
cana-4333	262	10	short	short	ADJ
cana-4333	262	11	papers	paper	NOUN
cana-4333	262	12	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	262	13	association	association	NOUN
cana-4333	262	14	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	262	15	computational	computational	ADJ
cana-4333	262	16	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
cana-4333	262	17	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	262	18	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cana-4333	262	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	262	20	2009	2009	NUM
cana-4333	262	21	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	262	22	pp	pp	ADP
cana-4333	262	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	263	1	309–312	309–312	NUM
cana-4333	263	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	264	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	264	2	15	15	NUM
cana-4333	264	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	264	4	mukherjee	mukherjee	NOUN
cana-4333	264	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	264	6	a.	a.	NOUN
cana-4333	264	7	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	264	8	venkataraman	venkataraman	NOUN
cana-4333	264	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	264	10	v.	v.	PROPN
cana-4333	264	11	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	264	12	liu	liu	PROPN
cana-4333	264	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	264	14	b.	b.	PROPN
cana-4333	264	15	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	264	16	glance	glance	NOUN
cana-4333	264	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	264	18	n.	n.	NOUN
cana-4333	264	19	what	what	PRON
cana-4333	264	20	yelp	yelp	VERB
cana-4333	264	21	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	264	22	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	264	23	filter	filter	NOUN
cana-4333	264	24	might	might	AUX
cana-4333	264	25	be	be	AUX
cana-4333	264	26	doing	do	VERB
cana-4333	264	27	?	?	PUNCT
cana-4333	265	1	proc	proc	NOUN
cana-4333	265	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	266	1	int	int	NOUN
cana-4333	266	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	267	1	aaai	aaai	PROPN
cana-4333	267	2	conf	conf	PROPN
cana-4333	267	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	267	4	web	web	NOUN
cana-4333	267	5	soc.media	soc.media	ADP
cana-4333	267	6	2013	2013	NUM
cana-4333	267	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	267	8	7	7	NUM
cana-4333	267	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	267	10	409–418	409–418	NUM
cana-4333	267	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	268	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	268	2	crossref	crossref	X
cana-4333	268	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	268	4	[	[	X
cana-4333	268	5	16	16	NUM
cana-4333	268	6	]	]	X
cana-4333	268	7	sandulescu	sandulescu	NOUN
cana-4333	268	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	268	9	v.	v.	ADV
cana-4333	268	10	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	268	11	ester	ester	NOUN
cana-4333	268	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	268	13	m.	m.	NOUN
cana-4333	268	14	detecting	detect	VERB
cana-4333	268	15	singleton	singleton	PROPN
cana-4333	268	16	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	268	17	spammers	spammer	NOUN
cana-4333	268	18	using	use	VERB
cana-4333	268	19	semantic	semantic	ADJ
cana-4333	268	20	similarity	similarity	NOUN
cana-4333	268	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	269	1	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	269	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cana-4333	269	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	269	4	the	the	DET
cana-4333	269	5	24th	24th	ADJ
cana-4333	269	6	international	international	ADJ
cana-4333	269	7	conference	conference	NOUN
cana-4333	269	8	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	269	9	world	world	NOUN
cana-4333	269	10	wideweb	wideweb	ADJ
cana-4333	269	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	269	12	florence	florence	NOUN
cana-4333	269	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	269	14	italy	italy	PROPN
cana-4333	269	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	269	16	18–22	18–22	NUM
cana-4333	269	17	may	may	PROPN
cana-4333	269	18	2015	2015	NUM
cana-4333	269	19	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4333	269	20	pp	pp	ADP
cana-4333	269	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	270	1	971–976	971–976	NUM
cana-4333	270	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	1	computers	computer	NOUN
cana-4333	271	2	2024	2024	NUM
cana-4333	271	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	4	13	13	NUM
cana-4333	271	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	6	264	264	NUM
cana-4333	271	7	27	27	NUM
cana-4333	271	8	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	271	9	27	27	NUM
cana-4333	271	10	[	[	X
cana-4333	271	11	17	17	NUM
cana-4333	271	12	]	]	X
cana-4333	271	13	arvind	arvind	PROPN
cana-4333	271	14	mewada	mewada	PROPN
cana-4333	271	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	16	rupesh	rupesh	PROPN
cana-4333	271	17	kumar	kumar	PROPN
cana-4333	271	18	dewang	dewang	PROPN
cana-4333	271	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	20	research	research	NOUN
cana-4333	271	21	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	271	22	false	false	ADJ
cana-4333	271	23	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	271	24	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	271	25	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4333	271	26	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	27	a	a	DET
cana-4333	271	28	state	state	NOUN
cana-4333	271	29	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	30	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	271	31	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	32	the	the	DET
cana-4333	271	33	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	34	art	art	NOUN
cana-4333	271	35	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	271	36	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	37	journal	journal	NOUN
cana-4333	271	38	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	271	39	king	king	PROPN
cana-4333	271	40	saud	saud	PROPN
cana-4333	271	41	university	university	PROPN
cana-4333	271	42	computer	computer	NOUN
cana-4333	271	43	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	271	44	information	information	NOUN
cana-4333	271	45	sciences	science	NOUN
cana-4333	271	46	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	47	volume	volume	NOUN
cana-4333	271	48	34	34	NUM
cana-4333	271	49	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	50	issue	issue	NOUN
cana-4333	271	51	9	9	NUM
cana-4333	271	52	[	[	X
cana-4333	271	53	18	18	NUM
cana-4333	271	54	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	271	55	https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/naveedhn/amazon-produc-review-spam-and-nonspam	https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/naveedhn/amazon-produc-review-spam-and-nonspam	X
cana-4333	272	1	[	[	X
cana-4333	272	2	19	19	NUM
cana-4333	272	3	]	]	X
cana-4333	272	4	yuanyuan	yuanyuan	PROPN
cana-4333	272	5	wu	wu	PROPN
cana-4333	272	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	272	7	eric	eric	PROPN
cana-4333	272	8	w.t	w.t	PROPN
cana-4333	272	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	1	ngai	ngai	PROPN
cana-4333	273	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	3	pengkun	pengkun	PROPN
cana-4333	273	4	wu	wu	PROPN
cana-4333	273	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	6	chong	chong	PROPN
cana-4333	273	7	wu	wu	PROPN
cana-4333	273	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	9	fake	fake	ADJ
cana-4333	273	10	online	online	ADJ
cana-4333	273	11	reviews	review	NOUN
cana-4333	273	12	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	13	literature	literature	PROPN
cana-4333	273	14	review	review	PROPN
cana-4333	273	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	16	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
cana-4333	273	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	273	19	directions	direction	NOUN
cana-4333	273	20	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	273	21	future	future	ADJ
cana-4333	273	22	research	research	NOUN
cana-4333	273	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	24	decision	decision	NOUN
cana-4333	273	25	support	support	NOUN
cana-4333	273	26	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4333	273	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	28	volume,132,2020,113280,issn0167	volume,132,2020,113280,issn0167	NOUN
cana-4333	273	29	-	-	NOUN
cana-4333	273	30	9236	9236	NUM
cana-4333	273	31	[	[	X
cana-4333	273	32	20	20	NUM
cana-4333	273	33	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	34	ao	ao	PROPN
cana-4333	273	35	li	li	PROPN
cana-4333	273	36	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	37	zhou	zhou	PROPN
cana-4333	273	38	qin	qin	PROPN
cana-4333	273	39	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	40	runshi	runshi	PROPN
cana-4333	273	41	liu	liu	PROPN
cana-4333	273	42	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	43	yiqun	yiqun	PROPN
cana-4333	273	44	yang	yang	PROPN
cana-4333	273	45	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	273	46	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	273	47	dong	dong	PROPN
cana-4333	273	48	li	li	PROPN
cana-4333	273	49	.	.	PROPN
cana-4333	273	50	2019	2019	NUM
cana-4333	273	51	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	274	1	spam	spam	NOUN
cana-4333	274	2	review	review	NOUN
cana-4333	274	3	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-4333	274	4	with	with	ADP
cana-4333	274	5	graph	graph	NOUN
cana-4333	274	6	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
cana-4333	274	7	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4333	274	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	275	1	in	in	ADP
cana-4333	275	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cana-4333	275	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4333	275	4	the	the	DET
cana-4333	275	5	28th	28th	ADJ
cana-4333	275	6	acm	acm	PROPN
cana-4333	275	7	international	international	ADJ
cana-4333	275	8	conference	conference	NOUN
cana-4333	275	9	on	on	ADP
cana-4333	275	10	information	information	NOUN
cana-4333	275	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4333	275	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cana-4333	275	13	management	management	NOUN
cana-4333	275	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4333	275	15	cikm	cikm	NOUN
cana-4333	275	16	'	'	NUM
cana-4333	275	17	19	19	NUM
cana-4333	275	18	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4333	275	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	276	1	association	association	NOUN
cana-4333	276	2	for	for	ADP
cana-4333	276	3	computing	compute	VERB
cana-4333	276	4	machinery	machinery	NOUN
cana-4333	276	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	276	6	new	new	PROPN
cana-4333	276	7	york	york	PROPN
cana-4333	276	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	276	9	ny	ny	PROPN
cana-4333	276	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	276	11	usa	usa	PROPN
cana-4333	276	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4333	276	13	2703–2711	2703–2711	NUM
cana-4333	276	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4333	277	1	https://doi.org/10.1145/3357384.3357820	https://doi.org/10.1145/3357384.3357820	NOUN
cana-4333	277	2	https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/naveedhn/amazon-produc-review-spam-and-non-spam	https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/naveedhn/amazon-produc-review-spam-and-non-spam	NOUN
cana-4333	277	3	https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/naveedhn/amazon-produc-review-spam-and-non-spam	https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/naveedhn/amazon-produc-review-spam-and-non-spam	NOUN
cana-4333	277	4	https://doi.org/10.1145/3357384.3357820	https://doi.org/10.1145/3357384.3357820	ADV