id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
cana-4650	1	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	1	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	1	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	1	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	1	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	1	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	1	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	1	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	1	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	1	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	1	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	1	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	2	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	2	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	2	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	2	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	2	5	3119	3119	NUM
cana-4650	2	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	2	7	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
cana-4650	2	8	foundations	foundation	NOUN
cana-4650	2	9	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	2	10	explainable	explainable	ADJ
cana-4650	2	11	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4650	2	12	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	2	13	a	a	DET
cana-4650	2	14	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4650	2	15	based	base	VERB
cana-4650	2	16	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	2	17	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	2	18	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	2	19	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	2	20	1mintu	1mintu	NUM
cana-4650	2	21	debnath	debnath	NOUN
cana-4650	2	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	2	23	2vijay	2vijay	NUM
cana-4650	2	24	kumar	kumar	PROPN
cana-4650	2	25	salvia	salvia	PROPN
cana-4650	2	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	2	27	3alighazi	3alighazi	NUM
cana-4650	2	28	siddiqui	siddiqui	NOUN
cana-4650	2	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	2	30	4khalid	4khalid	PROPN
cana-4650	2	31	ali	ali	PROPN
cana-4650	2	32	qidwai	qidwai	PROPN
cana-4650	2	33	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	2	34	5p	5p	NUM
cana-4650	2	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	3	1	durga	durga	PROPN
cana-4650	3	2	devi	devi	PROPN
cana-4650	3	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	3	4	6s	6s	NUM
cana-4650	3	5	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	1	bavankumar	bavankumar	PROPN
cana-4650	4	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	3	1assistant	1assistant	NUM
cana-4650	4	4	professor	professor	NOUN
cana-4650	4	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	6	department	department	NOUN
cana-4650	4	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	4	8	physics	physics	PROPN
cana-4650	4	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	10	chakdaha	chakdaha	PROPN
cana-4650	4	11	college	college	PROPN
cana-4650	4	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	13	nadia	nadia	PROPN
cana-4650	4	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	15	2professor	2professor	NUM
cana-4650	4	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	17	department	department	NOUN
cana-4650	4	18	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	4	19	ai	ai	PROPN
cana-4650	4	20	ml	ml	NOUN
cana-4650	4	21	robocse	robocse	NOUN
cana-4650	4	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	23	piet	piet	ADJ
cana-4650	4	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	25	pu	pu	PROPN
cana-4650	4	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	27	vadodara	vadodara	NOUN
cana-4650	4	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	29	vijaykumar.salvia33336@paruluniversity.ac.in	vijaykumar.salvia33336@paruluniversity.ac.in	NOUN
cana-4650	4	30	3lecturer	3lecturer	NUM
cana-4650	4	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	32	department	department	NOUN
cana-4650	4	33	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	4	34	computer	computer	NOUN
cana-4650	4	35	science	science	NOUN
cana-4650	4	36	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	37	college	college	NOUN
cana-4650	4	38	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	4	39	engineering	engineering	NOUN
cana-4650	4	40	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	4	41	computer	computer	NOUN
cana-4650	4	42	science	science	NOUN
cana-4650	4	43	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	44	jazan	jazan	PROPN
cana-4650	4	45	university	university	PROPN
cana-4650	4	46	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	47	jazan	jazan	NOUN
cana-4650	4	48	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	49	saudi	saudi	PROPN
cana-4650	4	50	arabia	arabia	PROPN
cana-4650	4	51	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	52	ghazi.siddiqui@gmail.com	ghazi.siddiqui@gmail.com	PROPN
cana-4650	4	53	4lecturer	4lecturer	NUM
cana-4650	4	54	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	55	department	department	NOUN
cana-4650	4	56	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	4	57	computer	computer	NOUN
cana-4650	4	58	science	science	NOUN
cana-4650	4	59	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	4	60	information	information	NOUN
cana-4650	4	61	technology	technology	NOUN
cana-4650	4	62	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	63	college	college	NOUN
cana-4650	4	64	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	4	65	engineering	engineering	NOUN
cana-4650	4	66	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	4	67	computer	computer	NOUN
cana-4650	4	68	science	science	NOUN
cana-4650	4	69	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	70	jazan	jazan	NOUN
cana-4650	4	71	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	72	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN
cana-4650	4	73	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	4	74	saudi	saudi	PROPN
cana-4650	4	75	arabia	arabia	PROPN
cana-4650	4	76	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	4	77	khalidqidwai@gmail.com	khalidqidwai@gmail.com	X
cana-4650	5	1	5assistant	5assistant	NUM
cana-4650	5	2	professor	professor	NOUN
cana-4650	5	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	4	department	department	PROPN
cana-4650	5	5	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	5	6	ece	ece	PROPN
cana-4650	5	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	8	mahatma	mahatma	PROPN
cana-4650	5	9	gandhi	gandhi	PROPN
cana-4650	5	10	institute	institute	PROPN
cana-4650	5	11	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	5	12	technology	technology	PROPN
cana-4650	5	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	14	hyderabad	hyderabad	PROPN
cana-4650	5	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	16	pdurgadevi_ece@mgit.ac.in	pdurgadevi_ece@mgit.ac.in	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	17	6assistant	6assistant	NUM
cana-4650	5	18	professor	professor	NOUN
cana-4650	5	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	20	department	department	NOUN
cana-4650	5	21	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	5	22	computer	computer	NOUN
cana-4650	5	23	science	science	NOUN
cana-4650	5	24	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	5	25	engineering	engineering	NOUN
cana-4650	5	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	27	st	st	PROPN
cana-4650	5	28	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	5	29	martins	martins	PROPN
cana-4650	5	30	engineering	engineering	PROPN
cana-4650	5	31	college	college	PROPN
cana-4650	5	32	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	33	telangana	telangana	PROPN
cana-4650	5	34	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	35	sbavankumar55@gmail.com	sbavankumar55@gmail.com	PROPN
cana-4650	5	36	article	article	NOUN
cana-4650	5	37	history	history	NOUN
cana-4650	5	38	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	39	received	receive	VERB
cana-4650	5	40	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	41	12	12	NUM
cana-4650	5	42	-	-	SYM
cana-4650	5	43	01	01	NUM
cana-4650	5	44	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	45	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	5	46	revised	revise	VERB
cana-4650	5	47	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	48	15	15	NUM
cana-4650	5	49	-	-	NUM
cana-4650	5	50	02	02	NUM
cana-4650	5	51	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	52	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	5	53	accepted	accept	VERB
cana-4650	5	54	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	55	01	01	NUM
cana-4650	5	56	-	-	SYM
cana-4650	5	57	03	03	NUM
cana-4650	5	58	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	59	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	5	60	abstract	abstract	NOUN
cana-4650	5	61	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	62	this	this	DET
cana-4650	5	63	paper	paper	NOUN
cana-4650	5	64	presents	present	VERB
cana-4650	5	65	a	a	DET
cana-4650	5	66	mathematically	mathematically	ADV
cana-4650	5	67	grounded	ground	VERB
cana-4650	5	68	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4650	5	69	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	5	70	explainable	explainable	ADJ
cana-4650	5	71	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cana-4650	5	72	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cana-4650	5	73	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	74	xai	xai	PROPN
cana-4650	5	75	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	76	based	base	VERB
cana-4650	5	77	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	5	78	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	5	79	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	5	80	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	5	81	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	82	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	5	83	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	5	84	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	6	1	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	6	2	leveraging	leverage	VERB
cana-4650	6	3	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	6	4	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	6	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	6	6	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	6	7	construct	construct	VERB
cana-4650	6	8	robust	robust	ADJ
cana-4650	6	9	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	6	10	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	6	11	representations	representation	NOUN
cana-4650	6	12	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	6	13	including	include	VERB
cana-4650	6	14	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	6	15	images	image	NOUN
cana-4650	6	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	6	17	landscapes	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	6	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	6	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	6	20	betti	betti	ADJ
cana-4650	6	21	curves	curve	NOUN
cana-4650	6	22	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	6	23	that	that	PRON
cana-4650	6	24	enrich	enrich	VERB
cana-4650	6	25	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cana-4650	6	26	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	6	27	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	6	28	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	6	29	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	6	30	geometric	geometric	ADJ
cana-4650	6	31	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	6	32	structural	structural	ADJ
cana-4650	6	33	insights	insight	NOUN
cana-4650	6	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	7	1	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	7	2	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cana-4650	7	3	the	the	DET
cana-4650	7	4	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4650	7	5	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	7	6	five	five	NUM
cana-4650	7	7	benchmark	benchmark	ADJ
cana-4650	7	8	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	7	9	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	7	10	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	7	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	7	12	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	7	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	7	14	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	7	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	7	16	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	7	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	7	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	7	19	fashion	fashion	NOUN
cana-4650	7	20	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	7	21	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	7	22	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	7	23	spanning	span	VERB
cana-4650	7	24	both	both	CCONJ
cana-4650	7	25	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ
cana-4650	7	26	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	7	27	real	real	ADJ
cana-4650	7	28	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	7	29	world	world	NOUN
cana-4650	7	30	domains	domain	NOUN
cana-4650	7	31	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	7	32	varying	vary	VERB
cana-4650	7	33	dimensionality	dimensionality	NOUN
cana-4650	7	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	8	1	experimental	experimental	ADJ
cana-4650	8	2	results	result	NOUN
cana-4650	8	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
cana-4650	8	4	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4650	8	5	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	8	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	8	7	derived	derive	VERB
cana-4650	8	8	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	8	9	significantly	significantly	ADV
cana-4650	8	10	enhance	enhance	VERB
cana-4650	8	11	both	both	DET
cana-4650	8	12	predictive	predictive	ADJ
cana-4650	8	13	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4650	8	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	8	15	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	8	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	9	1	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	9	2	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	9	3	achieved	achieve	VERB
cana-4650	9	4	up	up	ADV
cana-4650	9	5	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	9	6	+8.9	+8.9	NUM
cana-4650	10	1	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	10	2	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	10	3	improvement	improvement	NOUN
cana-4650	10	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	10	5	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	10	6	the	the	DET
cana-4650	10	7	highest	high	ADJ
cana-4650	10	8	gains	gain	NOUN
cana-4650	10	9	observed	observe	VERB
cana-4650	10	10	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	10	11	non	non	ADJ
cana-4650	10	12	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	10	13	linearly	linearly	ADV
cana-4650	10	14	separable	separable	ADJ
cana-4650	10	15	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	10	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	11	1	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	11	2	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4650	11	3	such	such	ADJ
cana-4650	11	4	as	as	ADP
cana-4650	11	5	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	11	6	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	11	7	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	11	8	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4650	11	9	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	11	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	11	11	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	11	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	11	13	0.92	0.92	NUM
cana-4650	11	14	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	11	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	11	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	11	17	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN
cana-4650	11	18	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	11	19	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4650	11	20	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	11	21	improved	improve	VERB
cana-4650	11	22	substantially	substantially	ADV
cana-4650	11	23	compared	compare	VERB
cana-4650	11	24	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	11	25	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	11	26	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	11	27	only	only	ADJ
cana-4650	11	28	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	11	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	12	1	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	12	2	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	12	3	also	also	ADV
cana-4650	12	4	more	more	ADV
cana-4650	12	5	concise	concise	ADJ
cana-4650	12	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	12	7	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	12	8	sparsity	sparsity	NOUN
cana-4650	12	9	reduced	reduce	VERB
cana-4650	12	10	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	12	11	5.2	5.2	NUM
cana-4650	12	12	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	12	13	3.1	3.1	NUM
cana-4650	12	14	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	12	15	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	12	16	average	average	ADJ
cana-4650	12	17	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	13	1	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
cana-4650	13	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	13	3	identified	identify	VERB
cana-4650	13	4	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	13	5	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cana-4650	13	6	τ	τ	PROPN
cana-4650	14	1	=	=	NOUN
cana-4650	14	2	0.010	0.010	NUM
cana-4650	14	3	as	as	ADP
cana-4650	14	4	optimal	optimal	ADJ
cana-4650	14	5	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	14	6	filtering	filter	VERB
cana-4650	14	7	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	14	8	noise	noise	NOUN
cana-4650	14	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	15	1	the	the	DET
cana-4650	15	2	proposed	propose	VERB
cana-4650	15	3	tda	tda	PROPN
cana-4650	15	4	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	15	5	xai	xai	PROPN
cana-4650	15	6	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4650	15	7	is	be	AUX
cana-4650	15	8	model	model	ADJ
cana-4650	15	9	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	15	10	agnostic	agnostic	ADJ
cana-4650	15	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	15	12	scalable	scalable	ADJ
cana-4650	15	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	15	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	15	15	compatible	compatible	ADJ
cana-4650	15	16	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	15	17	standard	standard	ADJ
cana-4650	15	18	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	15	19	tools	tool	NOUN
cana-4650	15	20	like	like	ADP
cana-4650	15	21	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	15	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	15	23	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	15	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	16	1	it	it	PRON
cana-4650	16	2	provides	provide	VERB
cana-4650	16	3	a	a	DET
cana-4650	16	4	principled	principled	ADJ
cana-4650	16	5	way	way	NOUN
cana-4650	16	6	to	to	PART
cana-4650	16	7	bridge	bridge	VERB
cana-4650	16	8	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	16	9	geometry	geometry	NOUN
cana-4650	16	10	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	16	11	explainable	explainable	ADJ
cana-4650	16	12	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	16	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	16	14	offering	offer	VERB
cana-4650	16	15	substantial	substantial	ADJ
cana-4650	16	16	gains	gain	NOUN
cana-4650	16	17	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	16	18	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	16	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	16	20	robustness	robustness	NOUN
cana-4650	16	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	16	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	16	23	transparency	transparency	NOUN
cana-4650	16	24	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	16	25	particularly	particularly	ADV
cana-4650	16	26	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	16	27	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	16	28	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	16	29	stakes	stake	NOUN
cana-4650	16	30	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4650	16	31	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4650	16	32	decision	decision	NOUN
cana-4650	16	33	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	16	34	making	make	VERB
cana-4650	16	35	domains	domain	NOUN
cana-4650	16	36	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	17	1	mailto:vijaykumar.salvia33336@paruluniversity.ac.in	mailto:vijaykumar.salvia33336@paruluniversity.ac.in	X
cana-4650	18	1	mailto:ghazi.siddiqui@gmail.com	mailto:ghazi.siddiqui@gmail.com	X
cana-4650	18	2	mailto:khalidqidwai@gmail.com	mailto:khalidqidwai@gmail.com	X
cana-4650	19	1	mailto:pdurgadevi_ece@mgit.ac.in	mailto:pdurgadevi_ece@mgit.ac.in	PROPN
cana-4650	19	2	mailto:sbavankumar55@gmail.com	mailto:sbavankumar55@gmail.com	PROPN
cana-4650	19	3	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	19	4	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	19	5	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	19	6	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	19	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	19	8	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	19	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	19	10	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	19	11	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	19	12	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	19	13	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	19	14	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	19	15	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	19	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	20	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	20	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	20	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	20	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	20	5	3120	3120	NUM
cana-4650	20	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	20	7	1	1	X
cana-4650	20	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	20	9	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cana-4650	20	10	as	as	ADP
cana-4650	20	11	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cana-4650	20	12	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cana-4650	20	13	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	20	14	ai	ai	PROPN
cana-4650	20	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	20	16	continues	continue	VERB
cana-4650	20	17	to	to	PART
cana-4650	20	18	permeate	permeate	VERB
cana-4650	20	19	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	20	20	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	20	21	stakes	stake	NOUN
cana-4650	20	22	domains	domain	NOUN
cana-4650	20	23	such	such	ADJ
cana-4650	20	24	as	as	ADP
cana-4650	20	25	healthcare	healthcare	NOUN
cana-4650	20	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	20	27	finance	finance	NOUN
cana-4650	20	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	20	29	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	20	30	law	law	NOUN
cana-4650	20	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	20	32	the	the	DET
cana-4650	20	33	need	need	NOUN
cana-4650	20	34	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	20	35	transparent	transparent	ADJ
cana-4650	20	36	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	20	37	interpretable	interpretable	ADJ
cana-4650	20	38	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	20	39	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	20	40	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	20	41	has	have	AUX
cana-4650	20	42	become	become	VERB
cana-4650	20	43	critical	critical	ADJ
cana-4650	20	44	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	21	1	the	the	DET
cana-4650	21	2	rise	rise	NOUN
cana-4650	21	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	21	4	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4650	21	5	black	black	ADJ
cana-4650	21	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	21	7	box	box	NOUN
cana-4650	21	8	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	21	9	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	21	10	particularly	particularly	ADV
cana-4650	21	11	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4650	21	12	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4650	21	13	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4650	21	14	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	21	15	has	have	AUX
cana-4650	21	16	led	lead	VERB
cana-4650	21	17	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	21	18	growing	grow	VERB
cana-4650	21	19	concerns	concern	NOUN
cana-4650	21	20	about	about	ADP
cana-4650	21	21	the	the	DET
cana-4650	21	22	trustworthiness	trustworthiness	NOUN
cana-4650	21	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	21	24	accountability	accountability	NOUN
cana-4650	21	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	21	26	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	21	27	fairness	fairness	NOUN
cana-4650	21	28	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	21	29	ai	ai	PROPN
cana-4650	21	30	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4650	21	31	[	[	X
cana-4650	21	32	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	21	33	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	21	34	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	21	35	[	[	X
cana-4650	21	36	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	21	37	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	21	38	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	22	1	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	22	2	response	response	NOUN
cana-4650	22	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	22	4	the	the	DET
cana-4650	22	5	field	field	NOUN
cana-4650	22	6	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	22	7	explainable	explainable	ADJ
cana-4650	22	8	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4650	22	9	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	22	10	xai	xai	PROPN
cana-4650	22	11	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	22	12	has	have	AUX
cana-4650	22	13	emerged	emerge	VERB
cana-4650	22	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	22	15	seeking	seek	VERB
cana-4650	22	16	to	to	PART
cana-4650	22	17	provide	provide	VERB
cana-4650	22	18	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4650	22	19	that	that	PRON
cana-4650	22	20	help	help	VERB
cana-4650	22	21	users	user	NOUN
cana-4650	22	22	understand	understand	VERB
cana-4650	22	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	22	24	trust	trust	NOUN
cana-4650	22	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	22	26	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	22	27	effectively	effectively	ADV
cana-4650	22	28	manage	manage	VERB
cana-4650	22	29	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	22	30	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	22	31	decisions	decision	NOUN
cana-4650	22	32	[	[	X
cana-4650	22	33	3	3	NUM
cana-4650	22	34	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	22	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	23	1	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4650	23	2	many	many	ADJ
cana-4650	23	3	popular	popular	ADJ
cana-4650	23	4	xai	xai	NOUN
cana-4650	23	5	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4650	23	6	such	such	ADJ
cana-4650	23	7	as	as	ADP
cana-4650	23	8	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	23	9	[	[	X
cana-4650	23	10	4	4	NUM
cana-4650	23	11	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	23	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	23	13	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	24	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	24	2	5	5	NUM
cana-4650	24	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	24	4	offer	offer	VERB
cana-4650	24	5	post	post	ADJ
cana-4650	24	6	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	24	7	hoc	hoc	ADJ
cana-4650	24	8	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	24	9	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	24	10	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	24	11	predictions	prediction	NOUN
cana-4650	24	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	24	13	they	they	PRON
cana-4650	24	14	often	often	ADV
cana-4650	24	15	lack	lack	VERB
cana-4650	24	16	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
cana-4650	24	17	rigor	rigor	NOUN
cana-4650	24	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	24	19	struggle	struggle	VERB
cana-4650	24	20	to	to	PART
cana-4650	24	21	provide	provide	VERB
cana-4650	24	22	global	global	ADJ
cana-4650	24	23	geometric	geometric	ADJ
cana-4650	24	24	insights	insight	NOUN
cana-4650	24	25	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	24	26	the	the	DET
cana-4650	24	27	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	24	28	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4650	24	29	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	24	30	behavior	behavior	NOUN
cana-4650	24	31	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	25	1	most	most	ADV
cana-4650	25	2	rely	rely	VERB
cana-4650	25	3	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	25	4	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	25	5	attribution	attribution	NOUN
cana-4650	25	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	25	7	which	which	PRON
cana-4650	25	8	may	may	AUX
cana-4650	25	9	vary	vary	VERB
cana-4650	25	10	under	under	ADP
cana-4650	25	11	perturbation	perturbation	NOUN
cana-4650	25	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	25	13	suffer	suffer	VERB
cana-4650	25	14	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	25	15	instability	instability	NOUN
cana-4650	25	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	25	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	25	18	provide	provide	VERB
cana-4650	25	19	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	25	20	that	that	PRON
cana-4650	25	21	are	be	AUX
cana-4650	25	22	only	only	ADV
cana-4650	25	23	approximate	approximate	ADJ
cana-4650	25	24	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4650	25	25	contextually	contextually	ADV
cana-4650	25	26	limited	limit	VERB
cana-4650	26	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	26	2	6	6	NUM
cana-4650	26	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	26	4	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	27	1	these	these	DET
cana-4650	27	2	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cana-4650	27	3	have	have	AUX
cana-4650	27	4	prompted	prompt	VERB
cana-4650	27	5	researchers	researcher	NOUN
cana-4650	27	6	to	to	PART
cana-4650	27	7	seek	seek	VERB
cana-4650	27	8	alternative	alternative	ADJ
cana-4650	27	9	frameworks	framework	NOUN
cana-4650	27	10	grounded	ground	VERB
cana-4650	27	11	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	27	12	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
cana-4650	27	13	topology	topology	NOUN
cana-4650	27	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	27	15	geometry	geometry	NOUN
cana-4650	27	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	27	17	which	which	PRON
cana-4650	27	18	offer	offer	VERB
cana-4650	27	19	invariance	invariance	NOUN
cana-4650	27	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	27	21	robustness	robustness	NOUN
cana-4650	27	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	27	23	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	27	24	shape	shape	NOUN
cana-4650	27	25	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	27	26	awareness	awareness	NOUN
cana-4650	27	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	28	1	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	28	2	this	this	DET
cana-4650	28	3	context	context	NOUN
cana-4650	28	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	28	5	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	28	6	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	28	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	28	8	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	28	9	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	28	10	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	28	11	has	have	AUX
cana-4650	28	12	emerged	emerge	VERB
cana-4650	28	13	as	as	ADP
cana-4650	28	14	a	a	DET
cana-4650	28	15	promising	promising	ADJ
cana-4650	28	16	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cana-4650	28	17	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	29	1	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	29	2	leverages	leverage	NOUN
cana-4650	29	3	tools	tool	NOUN
cana-4650	29	4	such	such	ADJ
cana-4650	29	5	as	as	ADP
cana-4650	29	6	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	29	7	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	29	8	to	to	PART
cana-4650	29	9	extract	extract	VERB
cana-4650	29	10	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
cana-4650	29	11	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	29	12	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	29	13	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	29	14	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-4650	29	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	29	16	connected	connected	ADJ
cana-4650	29	17	components	component	NOUN
cana-4650	29	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	29	19	loops	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	29	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	29	21	voids	void	NOUN
cana-4650	29	22	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	29	23	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	29	24	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	29	25	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	29	26	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	29	27	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	29	28	[	[	X
cana-4650	29	29	7	7	NUM
cana-4650	29	30	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	29	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	29	32	[	[	X
cana-4650	29	33	8	8	NUM
cana-4650	29	34	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	29	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	30	1	these	these	DET
cana-4650	30	2	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	30	3	are	be	AUX
cana-4650	30	4	provably	provably	ADV
cana-4650	30	5	stable	stable	ADJ
cana-4650	30	6	under	under	ADP
cana-4650	30	7	perturbation	perturbation	NOUN
cana-4650	30	8	[	[	X
cana-4650	30	9	9	9	NUM
cana-4650	30	10	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	30	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	30	12	can	can	AUX
cana-4650	30	13	capture	capture	VERB
cana-4650	30	14	global	global	ADJ
cana-4650	30	15	structural	structural	ADJ
cana-4650	30	16	properties	property	NOUN
cana-4650	30	17	that	that	PRON
cana-4650	30	18	are	be	AUX
cana-4650	30	19	not	not	PART
cana-4650	30	20	accessible	accessible	ADJ
cana-4650	30	21	through	through	ADP
cana-4650	30	22	conventional	conventional	ADJ
cana-4650	30	23	statistical	statistical	ADJ
cana-4650	30	24	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4650	30	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	31	1	applications	application	NOUN
cana-4650	31	2	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	31	3	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	31	4	have	have	AUX
cana-4650	31	5	shown	show	VERB
cana-4650	31	6	success	success	NOUN
cana-4650	31	7	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	31	8	domains	domain	NOUN
cana-4650	31	9	like	like	ADP
cana-4650	31	10	medical	medical	ADJ
cana-4650	31	11	imaging	imaging	NOUN
cana-4650	31	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	31	13	material	material	NOUN
cana-4650	31	14	science	science	NOUN
cana-4650	31	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	31	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	31	17	graph	graph	NOUN
cana-4650	31	18	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	31	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	31	20	yet	yet	CCONJ
cana-4650	31	21	its	its	PRON
cana-4650	31	22	integration	integration	NOUN
cana-4650	31	23	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	31	24	mainstream	mainstream	NOUN
cana-4650	31	25	xai	xai	PROPN
cana-4650	31	26	frameworks	framework	NOUN
cana-4650	31	27	remains	remain	VERB
cana-4650	31	28	underexplored	underexplored	ADJ
cana-4650	31	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	32	1	this	this	DET
cana-4650	32	2	paper	paper	NOUN
cana-4650	32	3	addresses	address	NOUN
cana-4650	32	4	this	this	DET
cana-4650	32	5	gap	gap	NOUN
cana-4650	32	6	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	32	7	proposing	propose	VERB
cana-4650	32	8	a	a	DET
cana-4650	32	9	mathematically	mathematically	ADV
cana-4650	32	10	grounded	ground	VERB
cana-4650	32	11	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4650	32	12	that	that	PRON
cana-4650	32	13	incorporates	incorporate	VERB
cana-4650	32	14	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	32	15	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	32	16	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	32	17	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4650	32	18	pipelines	pipeline	NOUN
cana-4650	32	19	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	32	20	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
cana-4650	32	21	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	32	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	33	1	our	our	PRON
cana-4650	33	2	method	method	NOUN
cana-4650	33	3	extracts	extract	NOUN
cana-4650	33	4	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	33	5	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	33	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	33	7	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	33	8	images	image	NOUN
cana-4650	33	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	33	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	33	11	betti	betti	ADJ
cana-4650	33	12	curves	curve	NOUN
cana-4650	33	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	33	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	33	15	transforms	transform	VERB
cana-4650	33	16	them	they	PRON
cana-4650	33	17	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	33	18	vectorized	vectorize	VERB
cana-4650	33	19	representations	representation	NOUN
cana-4650	33	20	suitable	suitable	ADJ
cana-4650	33	21	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	33	22	integration	integration	NOUN
cana-4650	33	23	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	33	24	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cana-4650	33	25	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-4650	33	26	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	34	1	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	34	2	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cana-4650	34	3	this	this	DET
cana-4650	34	4	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4650	34	5	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	34	6	five	five	NUM
cana-4650	34	7	benchmark	benchmark	ADJ
cana-4650	34	8	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	34	9	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	34	10	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	34	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	34	12	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	34	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	34	14	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	34	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	34	16	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	34	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	34	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	34	19	fashionmnist	fashionmnist	NOUN
cana-4650	34	20	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	34	21	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	34	22	measure	measure	VERB
cana-4650	34	23	not	not	PART
cana-4650	34	24	only	only	ADV
cana-4650	34	25	predictive	predictive	ADJ
cana-4650	34	26	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4650	34	27	but	but	CCONJ
cana-4650	34	28	also	also	ADV
cana-4650	34	29	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	34	30	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	34	31	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4650	34	32	like	like	ADP
cana-4650	34	33	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	34	34	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	34	35	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	34	36	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	34	37	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	34	38	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN
cana-4650	34	39	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	34	40	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	34	41	sparsity	sparsity	NOUN
cana-4650	34	42	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	35	1	our	our	PRON
cana-4650	35	2	contributions	contribution	NOUN
cana-4650	35	3	are	be	AUX
cana-4650	35	4	summarized	summarize	VERB
cana-4650	35	5	as	as	SCONJ
cana-4650	35	6	follows	follow	VERB
cana-4650	35	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	36	1	1	1	X
cana-4650	36	2	.	.	X
cana-4650	36	3	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	36	4	propose	propose	VERB
cana-4650	36	5	a	a	DET
cana-4650	36	6	novel	novel	NOUN
cana-4650	36	7	xai	xai	PROPN
cana-4650	36	8	pipeline	pipeline	NOUN
cana-4650	36	9	grounded	ground	VERB
cana-4650	36	10	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	36	11	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	36	12	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	36	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	36	14	supporting	support	VERB
cana-4650	36	15	both	both	CCONJ
cana-4650	36	16	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	36	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	36	18	predictive	predictive	ADJ
cana-4650	36	19	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4650	36	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	37	1	2	2	X
cana-4650	37	2	.	.	X
cana-4650	37	3	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	37	4	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
cana-4650	37	5	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4650	37	6	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	37	7	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	37	8	significantly	significantly	ADV
cana-4650	37	9	improve	improve	VERB
cana-4650	37	10	the	the	DET
cana-4650	37	11	clarity	clarity	NOUN
cana-4650	37	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	37	13	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	37	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	37	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	37	16	conciseness	conciseness	NOUN
cana-4650	37	17	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	37	18	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	37	19	generated	generate	VERB
cana-4650	37	20	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	37	21	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	37	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	37	23	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	37	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	37	25	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	37	26	permutation	permutation	NOUN
cana-4650	37	27	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4650	37	28	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	38	1	3	3	X
cana-4650	38	2	.	.	X
cana-4650	38	3	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	38	4	empirically	empirically	ADV
cana-4650	38	5	identify	identify	VERB
cana-4650	38	6	an	an	DET
cana-4650	38	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
cana-4650	38	8	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	38	9	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cana-4650	38	10	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4650	38	11	balances	balance	NOUN
cana-4650	38	12	signal	signal	VERB
cana-4650	38	13	retention	retention	NOUN
cana-4650	38	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	38	15	noise	noise	NOUN
cana-4650	38	16	filtering	filtering	NOUN
cana-4650	38	17	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	39	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	39	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	39	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	39	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	39	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	39	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	39	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	39	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	39	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	39	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	39	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	39	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	39	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	39	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	40	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	40	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	40	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	40	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	40	5	3121	3121	NUM
cana-4650	40	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	40	7	4	4	X
cana-4650	40	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	41	1	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	41	2	show	show	VERB
cana-4650	41	3	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4650	41	4	our	our	PRON
cana-4650	41	5	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	41	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	41	7	enhanced	enhance	VERB
cana-4650	41	8	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	41	9	outperform	outperform	VERB
cana-4650	41	10	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	41	11	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	41	12	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	41	13	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	41	14	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	41	15	both	both	DET
cana-4650	41	16	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	41	17	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	41	18	up	up	ADP
cana-4650	41	19	to	to	PART
cana-4650	41	20	+8.9	+8.9	NUM
cana-4650	41	21	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	41	22	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	41	23	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	41	24	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	41	25	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4650	41	26	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	41	27	all	all	DET
cana-4650	41	28	tested	test	VERB
cana-4650	41	29	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	41	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	42	1	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	42	2	doing	do	VERB
cana-4650	42	3	so	so	ADV
cana-4650	42	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	42	5	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	42	6	provide	provide	VERB
cana-4650	42	7	a	a	DET
cana-4650	42	8	principled	principled	ADJ
cana-4650	42	9	path	path	NOUN
cana-4650	42	10	forward	forward	ADV
cana-4650	42	11	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	42	12	building	build	VERB
cana-4650	42	13	reliable	reliable	ADJ
cana-4650	42	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	42	15	transparent	transparent	ADJ
cana-4650	42	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	42	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	42	18	robust	robust	ADJ
cana-4650	42	19	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4650	42	20	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4650	42	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	42	22	especially	especially	ADV
cana-4650	42	23	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	42	24	domains	domain	NOUN
cana-4650	42	25	where	where	SCONJ
cana-4650	42	26	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	42	27	is	be	AUX
cana-4650	42	28	as	as	ADV
cana-4650	42	29	important	important	ADJ
cana-4650	42	30	as	as	ADP
cana-4650	42	31	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	42	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	43	1	2	2	X
cana-4650	43	2	.	.	X
cana-4650	43	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
cana-4650	43	4	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	43	5	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	43	6	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	43	7	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4650	43	8	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	43	9	preprocessing	preprocesse	VERB
cana-4650	43	10	five	five	NUM
cana-4650	43	11	benchmark	benchmark	ADJ
cana-4650	43	12	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	43	13	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	43	14	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	43	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	43	16	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	43	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	43	18	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	43	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	43	20	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	43	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	43	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	43	23	fashion	fashion	NOUN
cana-4650	43	24	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	43	25	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	43	26	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	43	27	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	43	28	selected	select	VERB
cana-4650	43	29	to	to	PART
cana-4650	43	30	cover	cover	VERB
cana-4650	43	31	both	both	CCONJ
cana-4650	43	32	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ
cana-4650	43	33	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	43	34	real	real	ADJ
cana-4650	43	35	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	43	36	world	world	NOUN
cana-4650	43	37	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
cana-4650	43	38	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	43	39	varying	vary	VERB
cana-4650	43	40	dimensionalities	dimensionality	NOUN
cana-4650	43	41	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	43	42	complexities	complexity	NOUN
cana-4650	43	43	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	44	1	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	44	2	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	44	3	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	44	4	reduced	reduce	VERB
cana-4650	44	5	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	44	6	50	50	NUM
cana-4650	44	7	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	44	8	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	44	9	pca	pca	PROPN
cana-4650	44	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	44	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	44	12	all	all	DET
cana-4650	44	13	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	44	14	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	44	15	normalized	normalize	VERB
cana-4650	44	16	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	44	17	[	[	X
cana-4650	44	18	0,1	0,1	NUM
cana-4650	44	19	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	44	20	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	44	21	consistency	consistency	NOUN
cana-4650	44	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	45	1	2	2	X
cana-4650	45	2	.	.	X
cana-4650	45	3	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	45	4	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	45	5	extraction	extraction	NOUN
cana-4650	45	6	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	45	7	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	45	8	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	45	9	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	45	10	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	45	11	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	45	12	computed	compute	VERB
cana-4650	45	13	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	45	14	vietoris	vietoris	NOUN
cana-4650	45	15	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	45	16	rips	rip	NOUN
cana-4650	45	17	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	45	18	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	45	19	tabular	tabular	PROPN
cana-4650	45	20	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	45	21	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	45	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	45	23	cubical	cubical	ADJ
cana-4650	45	24	complexes	complex	NOUN
cana-4650	45	25	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	45	26	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	45	27	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	45	28	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	45	29	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	45	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	46	1	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	46	2	summaries	summary	NOUN
cana-4650	46	3	including	include	VERB
cana-4650	46	4	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	46	5	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	46	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	46	7	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	46	8	images	image	NOUN
cana-4650	46	9	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	46	10	pi	pi	NOUN
cana-4650	46	11	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	46	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	46	13	landscapes	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	46	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	46	15	pl	pl	NOUN
cana-4650	46	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	46	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	46	18	betti	betti	NOUN
cana-4650	46	19	curves	curve	NOUN
cana-4650	46	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	46	21	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	46	22	total	total	ADJ
cana-4650	46	23	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	46	24	scores	score	NOUN
cana-4650	46	25	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	46	26	generated	generate	VERB
cana-4650	46	27	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	46	28	ripser++	ripser++	NOUN
cana-4650	46	29	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	46	30	gudhi	gudhi	VERB
cana-4650	46	31	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	47	1	3	3	X
cana-4650	47	2	.	.	X
cana-4650	47	3	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	47	4	construction	construction	NOUN
cana-4650	47	5	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	47	6	fusion	fusion	NOUN
cana-4650	47	7	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	47	8	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	47	9	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	47	10	vectorized	vectorize	VERB
cana-4650	47	11	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	47	12	fixed	fix	VERB
cana-4650	47	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	47	14	length	length	NOUN
cana-4650	47	15	numerical	numerical	ADJ
cana-4650	47	16	forms	form	NOUN
cana-4650	47	17	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	47	18	o	o	NOUN
cana-4650	47	19	pi	pi	NOUN
cana-4650	47	20	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	47	21	400	400	NUM
cana-4650	47	22	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	47	23	o	o	X
cana-4650	47	24	pl	pl	NOUN
cana-4650	47	25	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	47	26	180	180	NUM
cana-4650	47	27	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	47	28	o	o	X
cana-4650	47	29	betti	betti	NOUN
cana-4650	47	30	curves	curve	NOUN
cana-4650	47	31	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	47	32	20	20	NUM
cana-4650	47	33	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	47	34	o	o	NOUN
cana-4650	47	35	total	total	ADJ
cana-4650	47	36	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	47	37	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	47	38	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	47	39	values	value	NOUN
cana-4650	47	40	these	these	PRON
cana-4650	47	41	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	47	42	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	47	43	standalone	standalone	NOUN
cana-4650	47	44	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4650	47	45	concatenated	concatenate	VERB
cana-4650	47	46	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	47	47	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	47	48	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	47	49	to	to	PART
cana-4650	47	50	form	form	VERB
cana-4650	47	51	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	47	52	input	input	NOUN
cana-4650	47	53	vectors	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	47	54	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	47	55	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-4650	47	56	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	47	57	652	652	NUM
cana-4650	47	58	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	47	59	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	47	60	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	47	61	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	47	62	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	48	1	4	4	X
cana-4650	48	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	48	3	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	48	4	training	training	NOUN
cana-4650	48	5	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	48	6	tuning	tune	VERB
cana-4650	48	7	four	four	NUM
cana-4650	48	8	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-4650	48	9	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	48	10	logistic	logistic	ADJ
cana-4650	48	11	regression	regression	NOUN
cana-4650	48	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	48	13	svm	svm	ADJ
cana-4650	48	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	48	15	random	random	ADJ
cana-4650	48	16	forest	forest	NOUN
cana-4650	48	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	48	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	48	19	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4650	48	20	network	network	NOUN
cana-4650	48	21	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	48	22	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	48	23	trained	train	VERB
cana-4650	48	24	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	48	25	three	three	NUM
cana-4650	48	26	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	48	27	configurations	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	48	28	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	48	29	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	48	30	only	only	ADV
cana-4650	48	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	48	32	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	48	33	only	only	ADV
cana-4650	48	34	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	48	35	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	48	36	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	48	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	49	1	hyperparameters	hyperparameter	NOUN
cana-4650	49	2	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	49	3	optimized	optimize	VERB
cana-4650	49	4	via	via	ADP
cana-4650	49	5	cross	cross	ADJ
cana-4650	49	6	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	49	7	validated	validated	ADJ
cana-4650	49	8	grid	grid	NOUN
cana-4650	49	9	/	/	SYM
cana-4650	49	10	random	random	ADJ
cana-4650	49	11	search	search	NOUN
cana-4650	49	12	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	50	1	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4650	50	2	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4650	50	3	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	50	4	trained	train	VERB
cana-4650	50	5	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	50	6	tensorflow	tensorflow	NOUN
cana-4650	50	7	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	50	8	gpu	gpu	NOUN
cana-4650	50	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	50	10	accelerated	accelerated	ADJ
cana-4650	50	11	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	50	12	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	50	13	early	early	ADJ
cana-4650	50	14	stopping	stopping	NOUN
cana-4650	50	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	51	1	5	5	X
cana-4650	51	2	.	.	X
cana-4650	51	3	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	51	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	51	5	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	51	6	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	51	7	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	51	8	assessed	assess	VERB
cana-4650	51	9	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	51	10	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	51	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	51	12	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	51	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	51	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	51	15	permutation	permutation	NOUN
cana-4650	51	16	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	51	17	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-4650	51	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	52	1	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	52	2	quality	quality	NOUN
cana-4650	52	3	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	52	4	measured	measure	VERB
cana-4650	52	5	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	52	6	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	52	7	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	52	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	52	9	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN
cana-4650	52	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	52	11	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	52	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	52	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	52	14	sparsity	sparsity	NOUN
cana-4650	52	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	52	16	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	52	17	200	200	NUM
cana-4650	52	18	test	test	NOUN
cana-4650	52	19	samples	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	52	20	per	per	ADP
cana-4650	52	21	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	52	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	53	1	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	53	2	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	53	3	consistently	consistently	ADV
cana-4650	53	4	improved	improve	VERB
cana-4650	53	5	clarity	clarity	NOUN
cana-4650	53	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	53	7	consistency	consistency	NOUN
cana-4650	53	8	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	53	9	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	53	10	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	53	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	54	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	54	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	54	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	54	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	54	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	54	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	54	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	54	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	54	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	54	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	54	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	54	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	54	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	54	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	55	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	55	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	55	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	55	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	55	5	3122	3122	NUM
cana-4650	55	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	55	7	6	6	NUM
cana-4650	55	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	55	9	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-4650	55	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	55	11	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
cana-4650	55	12	testing	testing	NOUN
cana-4650	55	13	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4650	55	14	such	such	ADJ
cana-4650	55	15	as	as	ADP
cana-4650	55	16	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	55	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	55	18	auc	auc	NOUN
cana-4650	55	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	55	20	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	55	21	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	55	22	scores	score	NOUN
cana-4650	55	23	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	55	24	recorded	record	VERB
cana-4650	55	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	56	1	a	a	DET
cana-4650	56	2	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	56	3	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cana-4650	56	4	sweep	sweep	NOUN
cana-4650	56	5	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	56	6	τ	τ	X
cana-4650	56	7	=	=	PUNCT
cana-4650	56	8	0.000–0.020	0.000–0.020	NUM
cana-4650	56	9	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	56	10	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	56	11	conducted	conduct	VERB
cana-4650	56	12	to	to	PART
cana-4650	56	13	identify	identify	VERB
cana-4650	56	14	the	the	DET
cana-4650	56	15	optimal	optimal	ADJ
cana-4650	56	16	filtering	filtering	NOUN
cana-4650	56	17	point	point	NOUN
cana-4650	56	18	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	56	19	τ	τ	X
cana-4650	56	20	=	=	NOUN
cana-4650	56	21	0.010	0.010	NUM
cana-4650	56	22	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	56	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	57	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
cana-4650	57	2	significance	significance	NOUN
cana-4650	57	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	57	4	improvements	improvement	NOUN
cana-4650	57	5	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	57	6	verified	verify	VERB
cana-4650	57	7	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	57	8	paired	pair	VERB
cana-4650	57	9	t	t	NOUN
cana-4650	57	10	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	57	11	tests	test	NOUN
cana-4650	57	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	57	13	p	p	X
cana-4650	57	14	<	<	X
cana-4650	57	15	0.05	0.05	NUM
cana-4650	57	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	57	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	57	18	confirming	confirm	VERB
cana-4650	57	19	the	the	DET
cana-4650	57	20	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cana-4650	57	21	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	57	22	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	57	23	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	57	24	enhanced	enhance	VERB
cana-4650	57	25	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	57	26	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	58	1	3	3	X
cana-4650	58	2	.	.	NOUN
cana-4650	58	3	results	result	NOUN
cana-4650	58	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	58	5	discussion	discussion	NOUN
cana-4650	58	6	3.1	3.1	NUM
cana-4650	58	7	overview	overview	NOUN
cana-4650	58	8	this	this	DET
cana-4650	58	9	section	section	NOUN
cana-4650	58	10	presents	present	VERB
cana-4650	58	11	the	the	DET
cana-4650	58	12	experimental	experimental	ADJ
cana-4650	58	13	validation	validation	NOUN
cana-4650	58	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	58	15	critical	critical	ADJ
cana-4650	58	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	58	17	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	58	18	the	the	DET
cana-4650	58	19	proposed	propose	VERB
cana-4650	58	20	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
cana-4650	58	21	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4650	58	22	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	58	23	explainable	explainable	ADJ
cana-4650	58	24	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cana-4650	58	25	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cana-4650	58	26	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	58	27	xai	xai	PROPN
cana-4650	58	28	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	58	29	grounded	ground	VERB
cana-4650	58	30	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	58	31	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	58	32	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	58	33	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	58	34	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	58	35	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	58	36	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	58	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	59	1	the	the	DET
cana-4650	59	2	experiments	experiment	NOUN
cana-4650	59	3	focus	focus	VERB
cana-4650	59	4	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	59	5	quantifying	quantify	VERB
cana-4650	59	6	the	the	DET
cana-4650	59	7	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	59	8	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	59	9	predictive	predictive	ADJ
cana-4650	59	10	power	power	NOUN
cana-4650	59	11	added	add	VERB
cana-4650	59	12	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	59	13	integrating	integrate	VERB
cana-4650	59	14	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	59	15	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	59	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	59	17	derived	derive	VERB
cana-4650	59	18	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	59	19	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	59	20	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	59	21	standard	standard	ADJ
cana-4650	59	22	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	59	23	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4650	59	24	pipelines	pipeline	NOUN
cana-4650	59	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	60	1	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	60	2	conducted	conduct	VERB
cana-4650	60	3	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
cana-4650	60	4	testing	testing	NOUN
cana-4650	60	5	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	60	6	multiple	multiple	ADJ
cana-4650	60	7	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	60	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	60	9	extracted	extract	VERB
cana-4650	60	10	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	60	11	summaries	summary	NOUN
cana-4650	60	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	60	13	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-4650	60	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	60	15	betti	betti	ADJ
cana-4650	60	16	numbers	number	NOUN
cana-4650	60	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	60	18	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	60	19	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	60	20	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	60	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	60	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	60	23	analyzed	analyze	VERB
cana-4650	60	24	the	the	DET
cana-4650	60	25	effects	effect	NOUN
cana-4650	60	26	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	60	27	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	60	28	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	60	29	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	60	30	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4650	60	31	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	60	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	1	our	our	PRON
cana-4650	61	2	results	result	NOUN
cana-4650	61	3	span	span	VERB
cana-4650	61	4	over	over	ADP
cana-4650	61	5	five	five	NUM
cana-4650	61	6	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cana-4650	61	7	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	61	8	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	9	two	two	NUM
cana-4650	61	10	synthetic	synthetic	NOUN
cana-4650	61	11	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	12	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	61	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	61	14	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	61	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	61	18	three	three	NUM
cana-4650	61	19	real	real	ADJ
cana-4650	61	20	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	21	world	world	NOUN
cana-4650	61	22	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	23	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	61	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	25	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	61	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	27	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	61	28	fashion	fashion	NOUN
cana-4650	61	29	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	30	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	61	31	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	32	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	61	33	comprising	comprise	VERB
cana-4650	61	34	a	a	DET
cana-4650	61	35	total	total	NOUN
cana-4650	61	36	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	61	37	4,150	4,150	NUM
cana-4650	61	38	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	61	39	samples	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	61	40	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	61	41	dimensionality	dimensionality	NOUN
cana-4650	61	42	ranging	range	VERB
cana-4650	61	43	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	61	44	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	61	45	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	61	46	784	784	NUM
cana-4650	61	47	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	61	48	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	62	1	the	the	DET
cana-4650	62	2	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	62	3	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	62	4	selected	select	VERB
cana-4650	62	5	to	to	PART
cana-4650	62	6	represent	represent	VERB
cana-4650	62	7	a	a	DET
cana-4650	62	8	variety	variety	NOUN
cana-4650	62	9	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	62	10	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	62	11	spaces	space	NOUN
cana-4650	62	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	62	13	low	low	ADJ
cana-4650	62	14	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	62	15	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	62	16	dimension	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	62	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	62	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	62	19	class	class	NOUN
cana-4650	62	20	distributions	distribution	NOUN
cana-4650	62	21	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	62	22	binary	binary	NOUN
cana-4650	62	23	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	62	24	multi	multi	ADJ
cana-4650	62	25	-	-	NOUN
cana-4650	62	26	class	class	NOUN
cana-4650	62	27	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	62	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	62	29	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	62	30	application	application	NOUN
cana-4650	62	31	domains	domain	NOUN
cana-4650	62	32	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	62	33	geometry	geometry	NOUN
cana-4650	62	34	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	62	35	biology	biology	NOUN
cana-4650	62	36	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	62	37	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	62	38	recognition	recognition	NOUN
cana-4650	62	39	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	62	40	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	63	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	63	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	63	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	63	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	63	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	63	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	63	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	63	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	63	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	63	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	63	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	63	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	63	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	63	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	64	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	64	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	64	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	64	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	64	5	3123	3123	NUM
cana-4650	64	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	64	7	baseline	baseline	NOUN
cana-4650	64	8	vs.	vs.	ADP
cana-4650	64	9	topology	topology	NOUN
cana-4650	64	10	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	64	11	augmented	augment	VERB
cana-4650	64	12	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	64	13	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	64	14	all	all	DET
cana-4650	64	15	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	64	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	64	17	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-4650	64	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	64	19	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	64	20	observed	observe	VERB
cana-4650	64	21	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4650	64	22	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	64	23	augmented	augment	VERB
cana-4650	64	24	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	64	25	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	64	26	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	64	27	derived	derive	VERB
cana-4650	64	28	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	64	29	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
cana-4650	64	30	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	64	31	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	64	32	average	average	ADJ
cana-4650	64	33	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	64	34	improvement	improvement	NOUN
cana-4650	64	35	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	64	36	+3.7	+3.7	NOUN
cana-4650	64	37	percentage	percentage	NOUN
cana-4650	64	38	points	point	NOUN
cana-4650	64	39	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	64	40	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	64	41	maximum	maximum	ADJ
cana-4650	64	42	gain	gain	NOUN
cana-4650	64	43	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	64	44	+8.9	+8.9	PROPN
cana-4650	64	45	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	64	46	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	64	47	the	the	DET
cana-4650	64	48	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	64	49	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	64	50	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	65	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	65	2	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	65	3	score	score	NOUN
cana-4650	65	4	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	65	5	a	a	DET
cana-4650	65	6	composite	composite	NOUN
cana-4650	65	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	65	8	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	65	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	65	10	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	65	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	65	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	65	13	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN
cana-4650	65	14	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	65	15	increased	increase	VERB
cana-4650	65	16	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	65	17	0.76	0.76	NUM
cana-4650	65	18	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	65	19	0.88	0.88	NUM
cana-4650	65	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	65	21	a	a	DET
cana-4650	65	22	relative	relative	ADJ
cana-4650	65	23	gain	gain	NOUN
cana-4650	65	24	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	65	25	15.8	15.8	NUM
cana-4650	65	26	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	65	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	66	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	66	2	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	66	3	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	66	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	66	5	quantified	quantify	VERB
cana-4650	66	6	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	66	7	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	66	8	attribution	attribution	NOUN
cana-4650	66	9	variance	variance	NOUN
cana-4650	66	10	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	66	11	noisy	noisy	ADJ
cana-4650	66	12	inputs	input	NOUN
cana-4650	66	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	66	14	improved	improve	VERB
cana-4650	66	15	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	66	16	an	an	DET
cana-4650	66	17	average	average	NOUN
cana-4650	66	18	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	66	19	+7.5	+7.5	NOUN
cana-4650	66	20	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	66	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	67	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	67	2	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	67	3	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	67	4	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	67	5	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	67	6	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	67	7	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	67	8	surrogate	surrogate	ADJ
cana-4650	67	9	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	67	10	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	67	11	increased	increase	VERB
cana-4650	67	12	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	67	13	12.1	12.1	NUM
cana-4650	67	14	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	67	15	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	67	16	average	average	ADJ
cana-4650	67	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	67	18	highlighting	highlight	VERB
cana-4650	67	19	improved	improved	ADJ
cana-4650	67	20	alignment	alignment	NOUN
cana-4650	67	21	between	between	ADP
cana-4650	67	22	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	67	23	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	67	24	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	67	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	1	numerical	numerical	PROPN
cana-4650	68	2	summary	summary	PROPN
cana-4650	68	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	68	4	key	key	ADJ
cana-4650	68	5	results	result	NOUN
cana-4650	68	6	metric	metric	ADJ
cana-4650	68	7	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	68	8	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	68	9	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	10	avg	avg	NOUN
cana-4650	68	11	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	12	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	68	13	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	68	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	15	avg	avg	NOUN
cana-4650	68	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	17	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	68	18	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	68	19	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	20	avg	avg	NOUN
cana-4650	68	21	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	22	best	good	ADJ
cana-4650	68	23	observed	observe	VERB
cana-4650	68	24	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	68	25	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	26	%	%	INTJ
cana-4650	68	27	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	28	88.6	88.6	NUM
cana-4650	68	29	86.9	86.9	NUM
cana-4650	68	30	92.1	92.1	NUM
cana-4650	68	31	96.0	96.0	NUM
cana-4650	68	32	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	33	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	68	34	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	35	auc	auc	NOUN
cana-4650	68	36	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	37	roc	roc	NOUN
cana-4650	68	38	0.84	0.84	NUM
cana-4650	68	39	0.82	0.82	NUM
cana-4650	68	40	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4650	68	41	0.97	0.97	NUM
cana-4650	68	42	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	43	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	68	44	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	45	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	68	46	score	score	NOUN
cana-4650	68	47	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	48	0	0	NUM
cana-4650	68	49	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	50	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	68	51	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	52	0.76	0.76	NUM
cana-4650	68	53	0.81	0.81	NUM
cana-4650	68	54	0.88	0.88	NUM
cana-4650	68	55	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4650	68	56	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	57	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	68	58	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	59	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	68	60	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	68	61	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	62	0–1	0–1	NOUN
cana-4650	68	63	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	64	0.73	0.73	NUM
cana-4650	68	65	0.77	0.77	NUM
cana-4650	68	66	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4650	68	67	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4650	68	68	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	69	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	68	70	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	71	sparsity	sparsity	NOUN
cana-4650	68	72	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	68	73	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	68	74	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	69	1	no	no	INTJ
cana-4650	69	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	70	1	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	70	2	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	70	3	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	70	4	5.2	5.2	NUM
cana-4650	70	5	3.4	3.4	NUM
cana-4650	70	6	3.1	3.1	NUM
cana-4650	70	7	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	70	8	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	70	9	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	70	10	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	70	11	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	70	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	70	13	0–1	0–1	NOUN
cana-4650	70	14	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	70	15	0.84	0.84	NUM
cana-4650	70	16	0.89	0.89	NUM
cana-4650	70	17	0.92	0.92	NUM
cana-4650	70	18	0.93	0.93	NUM
cana-4650	70	19	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	70	20	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	70	21	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	70	22	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN
cana-4650	70	23	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	70	24	spearman	spearman	NOUN
cana-4650	70	25	rho	rho	PROPN
cana-4650	70	26	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	71	1	0.83	0.83	NUM
cana-4650	71	2	0.88	0.88	NUM
cana-4650	71	3	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4650	71	4	0.95	0.95	NUM
cana-4650	71	5	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	71	6	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	71	7	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	71	8	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	71	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	72	1	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	72	2	score	score	NOUN
cana-4650	72	3	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	72	4	tp	tp	NOUN
cana-4650	72	5	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	72	6	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	72	7	0.812	0.812	NUM
cana-4650	72	8	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	72	9	0.841	0.841	NUM
cana-4650	72	10	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	72	11	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	72	12	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	72	13	the	the	DET
cana-4650	72	14	results	result	NOUN
cana-4650	72	15	clearly	clearly	ADV
cana-4650	72	16	show	show	VERB
cana-4650	72	17	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4650	72	18	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
cana-4650	72	19	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	72	20	summaries	summary	NOUN
cana-4650	72	21	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	72	22	the	the	DET
cana-4650	72	23	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	72	24	process	process	NOUN
cana-4650	72	25	provides	provide	VERB
cana-4650	72	26	a	a	DET
cana-4650	72	27	quantifiable	quantifiable	ADJ
cana-4650	72	28	advantage	advantage	NOUN
cana-4650	72	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	72	30	especially	especially	ADV
cana-4650	72	31	when	when	SCONJ
cana-4650	72	32	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	72	33	is	be	AUX
cana-4650	72	34	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	72	35	prime	prime	ADJ
cana-4650	72	36	concern	concern	NOUN
cana-4650	72	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	73	1	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	73	2	instance	instance	NOUN
cana-4650	73	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	73	4	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	73	5	the	the	DET
cana-4650	73	6	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	73	7	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	73	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	73	9	the	the	DET
cana-4650	73	10	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	73	11	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	73	12	augmented	augment	VERB
cana-4650	73	13	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	73	14	achieved	achieve	VERB
cana-4650	73	15	an	an	DET
cana-4650	73	16	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	73	17	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	73	18	90.1	90.1	NUM
cana-4650	73	19	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	73	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	73	21	outperforming	outperform	VERB
cana-4650	73	22	the	the	DET
cana-4650	73	23	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	73	24	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	73	25	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	73	26	+8.9	+8.9	PROPN
cana-4650	73	27	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	73	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	73	29	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4650	73	30	the	the	DET
cana-4650	73	31	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	73	32	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	73	33	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	73	34	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	73	35	increased	increase	VERB
cana-4650	73	36	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	73	37	0.71	0.71	NUM
cana-4650	73	38	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	73	39	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4650	73	40	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	74	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	74	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	74	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	74	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	74	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	74	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	74	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	74	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	74	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	74	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	74	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	74	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	74	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	74	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	75	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	75	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	75	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	75	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	75	5	3124	3124	NUM
cana-4650	75	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	75	7	3.2	3.2	NUM
cana-4650	75	8	experimental	experimental	ADJ
cana-4650	75	9	setup	setup	NOUN
cana-4650	75	10	3.2.1	3.2.1	NUM
cana-4650	75	11	hardware	hardware	NOUN
cana-4650	75	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	75	13	software	software	NOUN
cana-4650	75	14	environment	environment	NOUN
cana-4650	75	15	all	all	DET
cana-4650	75	16	experiments	experiment	NOUN
cana-4650	75	17	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	75	18	performed	perform	VERB
cana-4650	75	19	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	75	20	a	a	DET
cana-4650	75	21	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	75	22	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	75	23	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4650	75	24	dell	dell	NOUN
cana-4650	75	25	precision	precision	NOUN
cana-4650	75	26	7960	7960	NUM
cana-4650	75	27	workstation	workstation	NOUN
cana-4650	75	28	featuring	feature	VERB
cana-4650	75	29	dual	dual	ADJ
cana-4650	75	30	intel	intel	PROPN
cana-4650	75	31	xeon	xeon	PROPN
cana-4650	75	32	gold	gold	PROPN
cana-4650	75	33	6430	6430	NUM
cana-4650	75	34	cpus	cpu	NOUN
cana-4650	75	35	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	75	36	64	64	NUM
cana-4650	75	37	threads	thread	NOUN
cana-4650	75	38	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	75	39	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	75	40	256	256	NUM
cana-4650	75	41	gb	gb	NOUN
cana-4650	75	42	ddr5	ddr5	NOUN
cana-4650	75	43	ram	ram	NOUN
cana-4650	75	44	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	75	45	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	75	46	an	an	DET
cana-4650	75	47	nvidia	nvidia	PROPN
cana-4650	75	48	rtx	rtx	PROPN
cana-4650	75	49	a6000	a6000	PROPN
cana-4650	75	50	gpu	gpu	PROPN
cana-4650	75	51	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	75	52	48	48	NUM
cana-4650	75	53	gb	gb	PROPN
cana-4650	75	54	vram	vram	NOUN
cana-4650	75	55	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	75	56	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	76	1	the	the	DET
cana-4650	76	2	system	system	NOUN
cana-4650	76	3	ran	run	VERB
cana-4650	76	4	ubuntu	ubuntu	ADJ
cana-4650	76	5	22.04.3	22.04.3	NUM
cana-4650	76	6	lts	lts	NOUN
cana-4650	76	7	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	76	8	4	4	NUM
cana-4650	76	9	tb	tb	ADP
cana-4650	76	10	nvme	nvme	NOUN
cana-4650	76	11	ssd	ssd	NOUN
cana-4650	76	12	storage	storage	NOUN
cana-4650	76	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	76	14	optimized	optimize	VERB
cana-4650	76	15	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	76	16	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	76	17	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	76	18	throughput	throughput	NOUN
cana-4650	76	19	computation	computation	NOUN
cana-4650	76	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	1	parallelization	parallelization	NOUN
cana-4650	77	2	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	77	3	optimization	optimization	NOUN
cana-4650	77	4	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	77	5	multithreading	multithreading	NOUN
cana-4650	77	6	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	7	enabled	enable	VERB
cana-4650	77	8	via	via	ADP
cana-4650	77	9	openmp	openmp	NOUN
cana-4650	77	10	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	77	11	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	77	12	computations	computation	NOUN
cana-4650	77	13	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	14	ripser++	ripser++	NOUN
cana-4650	77	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	16	gudhi	gudhi	NOUN
cana-4650	77	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	18	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	77	19	gpu	gpu	NOUN
cana-4650	77	20	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN
cana-4650	77	21	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	22	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	77	23	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	77	24	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4650	77	25	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	77	26	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	27	tensorflow	tensorflow	NOUN
cana-4650	77	28	2.14	2.14	NUM
cana-4650	77	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	30	cudnn	cudnn	NOUN
cana-4650	77	31	8.6	8.6	NUM
cana-4650	77	32	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	33	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	77	34	shap	shap	PROPN
cana-4650	77	35	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	77	36	joblib	joblib	NOUN
cana-4650	77	37	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	38	n_jobs=32	n_jobs=32	ADJ
cana-4650	77	39	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	40	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	77	41	ram	ram	NOUN
cana-4650	77	42	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	43	disk	disk	NOUN
cana-4650	77	44	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	77	45	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	77	46	to	to	PART
cana-4650	77	47	parallelize	parallelize	VERB
cana-4650	77	48	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	77	49	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	77	50	extraction	extraction	NOUN
cana-4650	77	51	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	77	52	reduce	reduce	VERB
cana-4650	77	53	i	i	PROPN
cana-4650	77	54	/	/	SYM
cana-4650	77	55	o	o	NOUN
cana-4650	77	56	latency	latency	NOUN
cana-4650	77	57	software	software	NOUN
cana-4650	77	58	stack	stack	VERB
cana-4650	77	59	all	all	DET
cana-4650	77	60	code	code	NOUN
cana-4650	77	61	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	77	62	implemented	implement	VERB
cana-4650	77	63	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	77	64	python	python	NOUN
cana-4650	77	65	3.10.12	3.10.12	NUM
cana-4650	77	66	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	77	67	key	key	ADJ
cana-4650	77	68	libraries	library	NOUN
cana-4650	77	69	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	70	numpy	numpy	NOUN
cana-4650	77	71	1.26	1.26	NUM
cana-4650	77	72	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	73	pandas	panda	VERB
cana-4650	77	74	2.1	2.1	NUM
cana-4650	77	75	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	76	scikit	scikit	NOUN
cana-4650	77	77	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	78	learn	learn	VERB
cana-4650	77	79	1.3	1.3	NUM
cana-4650	77	80	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	81	gudhi	gudhi	VERB
cana-4650	77	82	3.8	3.8	NUM
cana-4650	77	83	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	84	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	77	85	0.41	0.41	NUM
cana-4650	77	86	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	87	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	77	88	0.2	0.2	NUM
cana-4650	77	89	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	90	tensorflow	tensorflow	NOUN
cana-4650	77	91	2.14	2.14	NUM
cana-4650	77	92	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	93	pytorch	pytorch	NOUN
cana-4650	77	94	2.1	2.1	NUM
cana-4650	77	95	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	77	96	cuda	cuda	NOUN
cana-4650	77	97	11.8	11.8	NUM
cana-4650	77	98	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	78	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	78	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	78	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	78	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	78	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	78	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	78	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	78	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	78	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	78	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	78	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	78	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	78	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	78	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	79	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	79	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	79	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	79	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	79	5	3125	3125	NUM
cana-4650	79	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	79	7	reproducibility	reproducibility	NOUN
cana-4650	79	8	•	•	ADP
cana-4650	79	9	fixed	fix	VERB
cana-4650	79	10	random	random	ADJ
cana-4650	79	11	seeds	seed	NOUN
cana-4650	79	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	79	13	seed=42	seed=42	NOUN
cana-4650	79	14	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	79	15	ensured	ensure	VERB
cana-4650	79	16	consistent	consistent	ADJ
cana-4650	79	17	runs	run	NOUN
cana-4650	79	18	•	•	ADP
cana-4650	79	19	git	git	NOUN
cana-4650	79	20	version	version	NOUN
cana-4650	79	21	control	control	NOUN
cana-4650	79	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	79	23	dockerized	dockerized	ADJ
cana-4650	79	24	environments	environment	NOUN
cana-4650	79	25	ensured	ensure	VERB
cana-4650	79	26	full	full	ADJ
cana-4650	79	27	reproducibility	reproducibility	NOUN
cana-4650	80	1	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	80	2	dependencies	dependency	NOUN
cana-4650	80	3	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	80	4	tracked	track	VERB
cana-4650	80	5	via	via	ADP
cana-4650	80	6	pip	pip	NOUN
cana-4650	80	7	freeze	freeze	NOUN
cana-4650	80	8	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	80	9	exported	export	VERB
cana-4650	80	10	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	80	11	requirements.txt	requirements.txt	X
cana-4650	80	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	80	13	conda	conda	NOUN
cana-4650	80	14	yamls	yamls	NOUN
cana-4650	80	15	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4650	80	16	benchmarks	benchmark	NOUN
cana-4650	80	17	task	task	NOUN
cana-4650	80	18	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	80	19	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	80	20	s	s	NOUN
cana-4650	80	21	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	80	22	parallelized	parallelized	ADJ
cana-4650	80	23	resource	resource	NOUN
cana-4650	80	24	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	80	25	extraction	extraction	NOUN
cana-4650	80	26	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	80	27	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	80	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	80	29	1000	1000	NUM
cana-4650	80	30	imgs	imgs	NOUN
cana-4650	80	31	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	80	32	84.2	84.2	NUM
cana-4650	80	33	yes	yes	INTJ
cana-4650	80	34	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	80	35	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	80	36	cpu	cpu	NOUN
cana-4650	80	37	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	80	38	ripser++	ripser++	NOUN
cana-4650	80	39	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	80	40	cpu	cpu	PROPN
cana-4650	80	41	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	80	42	shap	shap	PROPN
cana-4650	80	43	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	80	44	nn	nn	PROPN
cana-4650	80	45	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	80	46	200	200	NUM
cana-4650	80	47	samples	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	80	48	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	1	21.4	21.4	NUM
cana-4650	81	2	yes	yes	INTJ
cana-4650	81	3	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	4	gpu	gpu	PROPN
cana-4650	81	5	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	6	cuda	cuda	NOUN
cana-4650	81	7	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	81	8	training	training	NOUN
cana-4650	81	9	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	10	nn	nn	X
cana-4650	81	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	12	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	81	13	feats	feat	NOUN
cana-4650	81	14	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	15	12.8	12.8	NUM
cana-4650	81	16	yes	yes	NOUN
cana-4650	81	17	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	18	gpu	gpu	PROPN
cana-4650	81	19	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	20	tensorflow	tensorflow	NOUN
cana-4650	81	21	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	22	gpu	gpu	NOUN
cana-4650	81	23	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	24	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	81	25	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	81	26	vectorization	vectorization	NOUN
cana-4650	81	27	10.6	10.6	NUM
cana-4650	81	28	yes	yes	INTJ
cana-4650	81	29	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	30	cpu	cpu	PROPN
cana-4650	81	31	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	32	gudhi	gudhi	NOUN
cana-4650	81	33	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	34	cpu	cpu	PROPN
cana-4650	81	35	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	36	peak	peak	NOUN
cana-4650	81	37	memory	memory	NOUN
cana-4650	81	38	usage	usage	NOUN
cana-4650	81	39	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	40	18.3	18.3	NUM
cana-4650	81	41	gb	gb	NOUN
cana-4650	81	42	ram	ram	NOUN
cana-4650	81	43	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	44	7.1	7.1	NUM
cana-4650	81	45	gb	gb	NOUN
cana-4650	81	46	gpu	gpu	PROPN
cana-4650	81	47	vram	vram	PROPN
cana-4650	81	48	f.	f.	PROPN
cana-4650	81	49	justification	justification	NOUN
cana-4650	81	50	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	81	51	resources	resource	NOUN
cana-4650	81	52	the	the	DET
cana-4650	81	53	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	81	54	computational	computational	ADJ
cana-4650	81	55	demands	demand	NOUN
cana-4650	81	56	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	81	57	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	81	58	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	81	59	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	60	especially	especially	ADV
cana-4650	81	61	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	81	62	cubical	cubical	ADJ
cana-4650	81	63	complexes	complex	NOUN
cana-4650	81	64	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	81	65	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	81	66	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	81	67	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	68	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	81	69	the	the	DET
cana-4650	81	70	goal	goal	NOUN
cana-4650	81	71	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	81	72	scalability	scalability	NOUN
cana-4650	81	73	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	81	74	larger	large	ADJ
cana-4650	81	75	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	81	76	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	77	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-4650	81	78	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	79	full	full	ADJ
cana-4650	81	80	mnist-60k	mnist-60k	PROPN
cana-4650	81	81	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4650	81	82	cifar	cifar	PROPN
cana-4650	81	83	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	81	84	motivated	motivate	VERB
cana-4650	81	85	the	the	DET
cana-4650	81	86	use	use	NOUN
cana-4650	81	87	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	81	88	a	a	DET
cana-4650	81	89	multi	multi	ADJ
cana-4650	81	90	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	81	91	core	core	ADJ
cana-4650	81	92	workstation	workstation	NOUN
cana-4650	81	93	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	81	94	gpu	gpu	NOUN
cana-4650	81	95	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN
cana-4650	81	96	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	82	1	the	the	DET
cana-4650	82	2	design	design	NOUN
cana-4650	82	3	ensures	ensure	VERB
cana-4650	82	4	the	the	DET
cana-4650	82	5	following	follow	VERB
cana-4650	82	6	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	82	7	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	82	8	scalability	scalability	NOUN
cana-4650	82	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	82	10	suitable	suitable	ADJ
cana-4650	82	11	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	82	12	scaling	scale	VERB
cana-4650	82	13	to	to	PART
cana-4650	82	14	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	82	15	10×	10×	NOUN
cana-4650	82	16	larger	large	ADJ
cana-4650	82	17	without	without	ADP
cana-4650	82	18	major	major	ADJ
cana-4650	82	19	pipeline	pipeline	NOUN
cana-4650	82	20	redesign	redesign	NOUN
cana-4650	82	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	83	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	83	2	speed	speed	NOUN
cana-4650	83	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	83	4	reduced	reduce	VERB
cana-4650	83	5	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	83	6	computation	computation	NOUN
cana-4650	83	7	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	83	8	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	83	9	~70	~70	NOUN
cana-4650	83	10	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	83	11	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	83	12	ripser++	ripser++	NOUN
cana-4650	83	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	83	14	parallelization	parallelization	NOUN
cana-4650	83	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	84	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	84	2	reproducibility	reproducibility	NOUN
cana-4650	84	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	84	4	containerization	containerization	NOUN
cana-4650	84	5	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	84	6	fixed	fix	VERB
cana-4650	84	7	seeds	seed	NOUN
cana-4650	84	8	enabled	enable	VERB
cana-4650	84	9	repeatable	repeatable	ADJ
cana-4650	84	10	experiments	experiment	NOUN
cana-4650	84	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	85	1	3.2.2	3.2.2	NUM
cana-4650	85	2	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	85	3	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	85	4	to	to	PART
cana-4650	85	5	rigorously	rigorously	ADV
cana-4650	85	6	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cana-4650	85	7	the	the	DET
cana-4650	85	8	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cana-4650	85	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	85	10	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
cana-4650	85	11	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	85	12	our	our	PRON
cana-4650	85	13	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	85	14	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	85	15	based	base	VERB
cana-4650	85	16	explainable	explainable	ADJ
cana-4650	85	17	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4650	85	18	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4650	85	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	85	20	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	85	21	selected	select	VERB
cana-4650	85	22	five	five	NUM
cana-4650	85	23	benchmark	benchmark	ADJ
cana-4650	85	24	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	85	25	that	that	PRON
cana-4650	85	26	span	span	VERB
cana-4650	85	27	a	a	DET
cana-4650	85	28	wide	wide	ADJ
cana-4650	85	29	range	range	NOUN
cana-4650	85	30	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	85	31	structural	structural	ADJ
cana-4650	85	32	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	85	33	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	85	34	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	85	35	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	85	36	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	85	37	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
cana-4650	85	38	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	86	1	the	the	DET
cana-4650	86	2	chosen	choose	VERB
cana-4650	86	3	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	86	4	include	include	VERB
cana-4650	86	5	both	both	CCONJ
cana-4650	86	6	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ
cana-4650	86	7	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	86	8	real	real	ADJ
cana-4650	86	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	86	10	world	world	NOUN
cana-4650	86	11	sources	source	NOUN
cana-4650	86	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	86	13	binary	binary	ADJ
cana-4650	86	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	86	15	multiclass	multiclass	ADJ
cana-4650	86	16	labels	label	NOUN
cana-4650	86	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	86	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	86	19	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	86	20	spaces	space	NOUN
cana-4650	86	21	ranging	range	VERB
cana-4650	86	22	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	86	23	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	86	24	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	86	25	784	784	NUM
cana-4650	86	26	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	86	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	87	1	this	this	DET
cana-4650	87	2	diversity	diversity	NOUN
cana-4650	87	3	ensures	ensure	VERB
cana-4650	87	4	a	a	DET
cana-4650	87	5	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cana-4650	87	6	validation	validation	NOUN
cana-4650	87	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	87	8	the	the	DET
cana-4650	87	9	proposed	propose	VERB
cana-4650	87	10	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	87	11	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	87	12	pipeline	pipeline	NOUN
cana-4650	87	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	88	1	a.	a.	NOUN
cana-4650	88	2	summary	summary	NOUN
cana-4650	88	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	88	4	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	88	5	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	88	6	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	88	7	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-4650	88	8	sampl	sampl	NOUN
cana-4650	88	9	es	es	VERB
cana-4650	88	10	featur	featur	ADJ
cana-4650	88	11	es	es	PROPN
cana-4650	88	12	classe	classe	PROPN
cana-4650	88	13	s	s	PROPN
cana-4650	88	14	dimensionali	dimensionali	PROPN
cana-4650	88	15	ty	ty	NOUN
cana-4650	88	16	class	class	NOUN
cana-4650	88	17	distributi	distributi	NOUN
cana-4650	88	18	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	88	19	task	task	NOUN
cana-4650	88	20	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	88	21	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	88	22	synthet	synthet	VERB
cana-4650	88	23	ic	ic	PROPN
cana-4650	88	24	geometry	geometry	NOUN
cana-4650	88	25	1,000	1,000	NUM
cana-4650	88	26	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	88	27	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	88	28	2d	2d	NUM
cana-4650	88	29	50%-50	50%-50	NUM
cana-4650	88	30	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	88	31	binary	binary	ADJ
cana-4650	88	32	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	88	33	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	88	34	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	88	35	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	88	36	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	88	37	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	88	38	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	88	39	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	88	40	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	88	41	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	88	42	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	88	43	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	88	44	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	88	45	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	89	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	89	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	89	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	89	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	89	5	3126	3126	NUM
cana-4650	90	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	90	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	90	3	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	90	4	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-4650	90	5	sampl	sampl	NOUN
cana-4650	90	6	es	es	VERB
cana-4650	90	7	featur	featur	ADJ
cana-4650	90	8	es	es	PROPN
cana-4650	90	9	classe	classe	PROPN
cana-4650	90	10	s	s	PROPN
cana-4650	90	11	dimensionali	dimensionali	PROPN
cana-4650	90	12	ty	ty	NOUN
cana-4650	90	13	class	class	NOUN
cana-4650	90	14	distributi	distributi	NOUN
cana-4650	90	15	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	90	16	task	task	NOUN
cana-4650	90	17	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	90	18	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	90	19	synthet	synthet	NOUN
cana-4650	90	20	ic	ic	PROPN
cana-4650	90	21	geometry	geometry	NOUN
cana-4650	90	22	1,000	1,000	NUM
cana-4650	90	23	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	90	24	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	90	25	2d	2d	NUM
cana-4650	90	26	51%-49	51%-49	NUM
cana-4650	90	27	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	90	28	binary	binary	ADJ
cana-4650	90	29	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	90	30	realworld	realworld	PROPN
cana-4650	90	31	botany	botany	NOUN
cana-4650	90	32	150	150	NUM
cana-4650	90	33	4	4	NUM
cana-4650	90	34	3	3	NUM
cana-4650	90	35	4d	4d	NUM
cana-4650	90	36	33%-33%34	33%-33%34	PROPN
cana-4650	90	37	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	90	38	multicla	multicla	NOUN
cana-4650	90	39	ss	ss	PROPN
cana-4650	90	40	mnis	mnis	PROPN
cana-4650	90	41	t-1000	t-1000	PROPN
cana-4650	90	42	realworld	realworld	PROPN
cana-4650	90	43	digit	digit	NOUN
cana-4650	90	44	recognitio	recognitio	NOUN
cana-4650	90	45	n	n	CCONJ
cana-4650	90	46	1,000	1,000	NUM
cana-4650	90	47	784	784	NUM
cana-4650	90	48	10	10	NUM
cana-4650	90	49	28×28	28×28	NUM
cana-4650	90	50	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	90	51	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	90	52	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	90	53	balanced	balanced	ADJ
cana-4650	90	54	subset	subset	NOUN
cana-4650	91	1	multicla	multicla	NOUN
cana-4650	92	1	ss	ss	PROPN
cana-4650	92	2	fashio	fashio	PROPN
cana-4650	92	3	nmnis	nmnis	PROPN
cana-4650	92	4	t	t	PROPN
cana-4650	92	5	realworld	realworld	PROPN
cana-4650	92	6	apparel	apparel	PROPN
cana-4650	92	7	classificati	classificati	NOUN
cana-4650	92	8	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	92	9	1,000	1,000	NUM
cana-4650	92	10	784	784	NUM
cana-4650	92	11	10	10	NUM
cana-4650	92	12	28×28	28×28	NUM
cana-4650	92	13	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	92	14	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	92	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	92	16	balanced	balanced	ADJ
cana-4650	92	17	subset	subset	NOUN
cana-4650	92	18	multicla	multicla	NOUN
cana-4650	92	19	ss	ss	ADP
cana-4650	92	20	each	each	DET
cana-4650	92	21	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	92	22	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	92	23	pre	pre	VERB
cana-4650	92	24	-	-	VERB
cana-4650	92	25	processed	process	VERB
cana-4650	92	26	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	92	27	consistency	consistency	NOUN
cana-4650	92	28	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	92	29	•	•	ADP
cana-4650	92	30	all	all	DET
cana-4650	92	31	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	92	32	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	92	33	scaled	scale	VERB
cana-4650	92	34	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	92	35	[	[	X
cana-4650	92	36	0,1][0	0,1][0	X
cana-4650	92	37	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	92	38	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	92	39	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	92	40	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	92	41	min	min	PROPN
cana-4650	92	42	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	92	43	max	max	PROPN
cana-4650	92	44	normalization	normalization	NOUN
cana-4650	92	45	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	93	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	93	2	pca	pca	NOUN
cana-4650	93	3	reduction	reduction	NOUN
cana-4650	93	4	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	93	5	50	50	NUM
cana-4650	93	6	components	component	NOUN
cana-4650	93	7	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	93	8	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	93	9	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	93	10	the	the	DET
cana-4650	93	11	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	93	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	93	13	fashion	fashion	NOUN
cana-4650	93	14	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	93	15	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	93	16	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	93	17	prior	prior	ADV
cana-4650	93	18	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	93	19	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	93	20	processing	processing	NOUN
cana-4650	93	21	to	to	PART
cana-4650	93	22	reduce	reduce	VERB
cana-4650	93	23	computational	computational	ADJ
cana-4650	93	24	burden	burden	NOUN
cana-4650	93	25	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4650	93	26	preserving	preserve	VERB
cana-4650	93	27	over	over	ADP
cana-4650	93	28	90	90	NUM
cana-4650	93	29	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	93	30	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	93	31	variance	variance	NOUN
cana-4650	93	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	94	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	94	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	94	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	94	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	94	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	94	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	94	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	94	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	94	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	94	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	94	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	94	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	94	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	94	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	95	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	95	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	95	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	95	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	95	5	3127	3127	NUM
cana-4650	95	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	95	7	b.	b.	PROPN
cana-4650	95	8	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	95	9	distribution	distribution	NOUN
cana-4650	95	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	95	11	statistics	statistic	NOUN
cana-4650	95	12	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	95	13	computed	compute	VERB
cana-4650	95	14	the	the	DET
cana-4650	95	15	central	central	ADJ
cana-4650	95	16	moments	moment	NOUN
cana-4650	95	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	95	18	distribution	distribution	NOUN
cana-4650	95	19	shape	shape	NOUN
cana-4650	95	20	descriptors	descriptor	NOUN
cana-4650	95	21	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	95	22	skewness	skewness	NOUN
cana-4650	95	23	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	95	24	kurtosis	kurtosis	NOUN
cana-4650	95	25	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	95	26	for	for	SCONJ
cana-4650	95	27	each	each	DET
cana-4650	95	28	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	95	29	’s	’s	PART
cana-4650	95	30	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	95	31	to	to	PART
cana-4650	95	32	better	well	ADV
cana-4650	95	33	understand	understand	VERB
cana-4650	95	34	their	their	PRON
cana-4650	95	35	structure	structure	NOUN
cana-4650	95	36	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	96	1	dataset	dataset	ADJ
cana-4650	96	2	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	96	3	mean	mean	NOUN
cana-4650	96	4	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	96	5	µ	µ	NOUN
cana-4650	96	6	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	96	7	std	std	PROPN
cana-4650	96	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	97	1	dev	dev	PROPN
cana-4650	97	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	97	3	σ	σ	PROPN
cana-4650	97	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	97	5	skewness	skewness	NOUN
cana-4650	97	6	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	97	7	avg	avg	NOUN
cana-4650	97	8	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	97	9	kurtosis	kurtosis	NOUN
cana-4650	97	10	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	97	11	avg	avg	NOUN
cana-4650	97	12	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	97	13	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	97	14	0.00	0.00	NUM
cana-4650	97	15	0.51	0.51	NUM
cana-4650	97	16	~0	~0	NUM
cana-4650	97	17	1.8	1.8	NUM
cana-4650	97	18	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	97	19	0.01	0.01	NUM
cana-4650	97	20	0.50	0.50	NUM
cana-4650	97	21	~0	~0	NUM
cana-4650	97	22	2.0	2.0	NUM
cana-4650	97	23	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	97	24	3.46	3.46	NUM
cana-4650	97	25	1.71	1.71	NUM
cana-4650	97	26	0.26	0.26	NUM
cana-4650	97	27	3.01	3.01	NUM
cana-4650	97	28	mnist-1000	mnist-1000	NOUN
cana-4650	97	29	33.8	33.8	NUM
cana-4650	97	30	78.5	78.5	NUM
cana-4650	97	31	0.89	0.89	NUM
cana-4650	97	32	2.56	2.56	NUM
cana-4650	97	33	fashion	fashion	NOUN
cana-4650	97	34	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	97	35	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	97	36	36.1	36.1	NUM
cana-4650	97	37	73.2	73.2	NUM
cana-4650	97	38	0.74	0.74	NUM
cana-4650	97	39	2.31	2.31	NUM
cana-4650	97	40	these	these	DET
cana-4650	97	41	values	value	NOUN
cana-4650	97	42	suggest	suggest	VERB
cana-4650	97	43	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	97	44	•	•	PUNCT
cana-4650	97	45	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ
cana-4650	97	46	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	97	47	are	be	AUX
cana-4650	97	48	tightly	tightly	ADV
cana-4650	97	49	distributed	distribute	VERB
cana-4650	97	50	around	around	ADP
cana-4650	97	51	the	the	DET
cana-4650	97	52	origin	origin	NOUN
cana-4650	97	53	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	98	1	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	98	2	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	98	3	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	98	4	are	be	AUX
cana-4650	98	5	moderately	moderately	ADV
cana-4650	98	6	skewed	skewed	ADJ
cana-4650	98	7	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	98	8	light	light	ADJ
cana-4650	98	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	98	10	tailed	tail	VERB
cana-4650	98	11	distributions	distribution	NOUN
cana-4650	98	12	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	99	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	99	2	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	99	3	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	99	4	are	be	AUX
cana-4650	99	5	highly	highly	ADV
cana-4650	99	6	skewed	skewed	ADJ
cana-4650	99	7	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	99	8	larger	large	ADJ
cana-4650	99	9	tails	tail	NOUN
cana-4650	99	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	99	11	justifying	justify	VERB
cana-4650	99	12	pca	pca	PROPN
cana-4650	99	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	99	14	topological	topological	PROPN
cana-4650	99	15	preprocessing	preprocessing	NOUN
cana-4650	99	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	100	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	100	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	100	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	100	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	100	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	100	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	100	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	100	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	100	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	100	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	100	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	100	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	100	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	100	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	101	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	101	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	101	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	101	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	101	5	3128	3128	NUM
cana-4650	102	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	102	2	c.	c.	PROPN
cana-4650	102	3	topological	topological	PROPN
cana-4650	102	4	complexity	complexity	NOUN
cana-4650	102	5	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	102	6	initial	initial	ADJ
cana-4650	102	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	102	8	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	102	9	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	102	10	vietoris	vietoris	NOUN
cana-4650	102	11	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	102	12	rips	rip	NOUN
cana-4650	102	13	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	102	14	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	102	15	numeric	numeric	ADJ
cana-4650	102	16	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	102	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	102	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	102	19	cubical	cubical	ADJ
cana-4650	102	20	complexes	complex	NOUN
cana-4650	102	21	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	102	22	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	102	23	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	102	24	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	102	25	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	102	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	102	27	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	102	28	computed	compute	VERB
cana-4650	102	29	betti	betti	NOUN
cana-4650	102	30	numbers	number	NOUN
cana-4650	102	31	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	102	32	β0\beta_0	β0\beta_0	NOUN
cana-4650	102	33	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	102	34	β1\beta_1	β1\beta_1	NUM
cana-4650	102	35	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	102	36	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	102	37	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	102	38	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	102	39	statistics	statistic	NOUN
cana-4650	102	40	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	103	1	dataset	dataset	PROPN
cana-4650	103	2	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	103	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	104	1	β0\beta_0	β0\beta_0	PUNCT
cana-4650	104	2	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	104	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	104	4	β1\beta_1	β1\beta_1	PUNCT
cana-4650	105	1	dominant	dominant	ADJ
cana-4650	105	2	homology	homology	PROPN
cana-4650	105	3	topological	topological	PROPN
cana-4650	105	4	insight	insight	NOUN
cana-4650	105	5	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	105	6	1.00	1.00	NUM
cana-4650	105	7	1.00	1.00	NUM
cana-4650	105	8	β1\beta_1	β1\beta_1	PUNCT
cana-4650	105	9	clearly	clearly	ADV
cana-4650	105	10	defined	define	VERB
cana-4650	105	11	loop	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	105	12	structure	structure	NOUN
cana-4650	105	13	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	105	14	1.00	1.00	NUM
cana-4650	105	15	1.00	1.00	NUM
cana-4650	105	16	β1\beta_1	β1\beta_1	SYM
cana-4650	105	17	crescent	crescent	NOUN
cana-4650	105	18	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	105	19	like	like	ADJ
cana-4650	105	20	loop	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	105	21	topology	topology	NOUN
cana-4650	105	22	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	105	23	3.00	3.00	NUM
cana-4650	105	24	0.02	0.02	NUM
cana-4650	105	25	β0\beta_0	β0\beta_0	SYM
cana-4650	105	26	three	three	NUM
cana-4650	105	27	well	well	ADV
cana-4650	105	28	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	105	29	separated	separate	VERB
cana-4650	105	30	clusters	cluster	NOUN
cana-4650	105	31	mnist-1000	mnist-1000	ADJ
cana-4650	105	32	1.5	1.5	NUM
cana-4650	105	33	1.9	1.9	NUM
cana-4650	105	34	mixed	mixed	ADJ
cana-4650	105	35	digits	digit	NOUN
cana-4650	105	36	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	105	37	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	105	38	-	-	SYM
cana-4650	105	39	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	105	40	loops	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	105	41	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	105	42	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-4650	105	43	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	105	44	8	8	NUM
cana-4650	105	45	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	105	46	0	0	NUM
cana-4650	105	47	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	105	48	fashionmnist	fashionmnist	NOUN
cana-4650	105	49	2.3	2.3	NUM
cana-4650	105	50	1.8	1.8	NUM
cana-4650	105	51	mixed	mix	VERB
cana-4650	105	52	loop	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	105	53	structures	structure	NOUN
cana-4650	105	54	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	105	55	shapes	shape	NOUN
cana-4650	105	56	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	105	57	bags	bag	VERB
cana-4650	105	58	these	these	DET
cana-4650	105	59	observations	observation	NOUN
cana-4650	105	60	support	support	VERB
cana-4650	105	61	the	the	DET
cana-4650	105	62	use	use	NOUN
cana-4650	105	63	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	105	64	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	105	65	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	105	66	0	0	NUM
cana-4650	105	67	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	105	68	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	105	69	throughout	throughout	ADP
cana-4650	105	70	our	our	PRON
cana-4650	105	71	experiments	experiment	NOUN
cana-4650	105	72	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	106	1	loops	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	106	2	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	106	3	connected	connected	ADJ
cana-4650	106	4	components	component	NOUN
cana-4650	106	5	provide	provide	VERB
cana-4650	106	6	rich	rich	ADJ
cana-4650	106	7	geometric	geometric	ADJ
cana-4650	106	8	structure	structure	NOUN
cana-4650	106	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	106	10	especially	especially	ADV
cana-4650	106	11	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	106	12	digits	digit	NOUN
cana-4650	106	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	106	14	apparel	apparel	NOUN
cana-4650	106	15	outlines	outline	NOUN
cana-4650	106	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	107	1	d.	d.	PROPN
cana-4650	107	2	persistence	persistence	PROPN
cana-4650	107	3	diagram	diagram	PROPN
cana-4650	107	4	summary	summary	NOUN
cana-4650	107	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
cana-4650	107	6	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	107	7	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	107	8	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	107	9	computed	compute	VERB
cana-4650	107	10	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	107	11	100	100	NUM
cana-4650	107	12	randomly	randomly	ADV
cana-4650	107	13	sampled	sample	VERB
cana-4650	107	14	instances	instance	NOUN
cana-4650	107	15	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	107	16	each	each	DET
cana-4650	107	17	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	107	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	107	19	focusing	focus	VERB
cana-4650	107	20	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	107	21	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
cana-4650	107	22	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	107	23	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	107	24	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	107	25	values	value	NOUN
cana-4650	107	26	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	107	27	h0	h0	ADJ
cana-4650	107	28	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	107	29	h1	h1	PROPN
cana-4650	107	30	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	107	31	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	108	1	dataset	dataset	PROPN
cana-4650	108	2	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	108	3	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	109	1	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	109	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	109	3	h0	h0	PROPN
cana-4650	109	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	109	5	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	109	6	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	110	1	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	110	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	110	3	h1	h1	PROPN
cana-4650	110	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	110	5	max	max	PROPN
cana-4650	110	6	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	110	7	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	110	8	h1	h1	PROPN
cana-4650	110	9	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	110	10	total	total	ADJ
cana-4650	110	11	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	110	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	110	13	h0	h0	NOUN
cana-4650	110	14	+	+	CCONJ
cana-4650	110	15	h1	h1	PROPN
cana-4650	110	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	110	17	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	110	18	0.134	0.134	NUM
cana-4650	110	19	0.723	0.723	NUM
cana-4650	110	20	0.864	0.864	NUM
cana-4650	110	21	0.812	0.812	NUM
cana-4650	110	22	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	110	23	0.142	0.142	NUM
cana-4650	110	24	0.681	0.681	NUM
cana-4650	110	25	0.831	0.831	NUM
cana-4650	110	26	0.789	0.789	NUM
cana-4650	110	27	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	110	28	0.221	0.221	NUM
cana-4650	110	29	0.029	0.029	NUM
cana-4650	110	30	0.270	0.270	NUM
cana-4650	110	31	0.243	0.243	NUM
cana-4650	110	32	mnist1000	mnist1000	NOUN
cana-4650	110	33	0.118	0.118	NUM
cana-4650	110	34	0.604	0.604	NUM
cana-4650	110	35	0.901	0.901	NUM
cana-4650	110	36	0.796	0.796	NUM
cana-4650	110	37	fashionmnist	fashionmnist	NOUN
cana-4650	110	38	0.103	0.103	NUM
cana-4650	110	39	0.571	0.571	NUM
cana-4650	110	40	0.868	0.868	NUM
cana-4650	110	41	0.759	0.759	NUM
cana-4650	110	42	these	these	DET
cana-4650	110	43	values	value	NOUN
cana-4650	110	44	confirm	confirm	VERB
cana-4650	110	45	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	110	46	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	110	47	strong	strong	ADJ
cana-4650	110	48	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	110	49	signals	signal	NOUN
cana-4650	110	50	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	110	51	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ
cana-4650	110	52	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	110	53	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	111	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	111	2	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	111	3	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	111	4	encode	encode	VERB
cana-4650	111	5	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
cana-4650	111	6	shape	shape	NOUN
cana-4650	111	7	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	111	8	based	base	VERB
cana-4650	111	9	information	information	NOUN
cana-4650	111	10	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	111	11	h1	h1	PROPN
cana-4650	111	12	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	112	1	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	112	2	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	112	3	shows	show	VERB
cana-4650	112	4	cluster	cluster	NOUN
cana-4650	112	5	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	112	6	based	base	VERB
cana-4650	112	7	separation	separation	NOUN
cana-4650	112	8	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	112	9	low	low	ADJ
cana-4650	112	10	loop	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	112	11	structure	structure	NOUN
cana-4650	112	12	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	113	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	113	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	113	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	113	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	113	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	113	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	113	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	113	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	113	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	113	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	113	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	113	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	113	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	113	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	114	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	114	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	114	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	114	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	114	5	3129	3129	NUM
cana-4650	115	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	115	2	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	115	3	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	115	4	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	115	5	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	115	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	115	7	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	115	8	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	115	9	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	115	10	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	115	11	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	115	12	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	115	13	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	115	14	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	115	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	116	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	116	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	116	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	116	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	116	5	3130	3130	NUM
cana-4650	116	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	116	7	e.	e.	PROPN
cana-4650	116	8	pca	pca	PROPN
cana-4650	116	9	variance	variance	NOUN
cana-4650	116	10	retention	retention	NOUN
cana-4650	116	11	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	116	12	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	116	13	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	116	14	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	116	15	to	to	PART
cana-4650	116	16	reduce	reduce	VERB
cana-4650	116	17	dimensionality	dimensionality	NOUN
cana-4650	116	18	prior	prior	ADV
cana-4650	116	19	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	116	20	applying	apply	VERB
cana-4650	116	21	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	116	22	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	116	23	especially	especially	ADV
cana-4650	116	24	cubical	cubical	ADJ
cana-4650	116	25	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4650	116	26	computation	computation	NOUN
cana-4650	116	27	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	116	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	116	29	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	116	30	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	116	31	principal	principal	ADJ
cana-4650	116	32	component	component	NOUN
cana-4650	116	33	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	116	34	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	116	35	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	116	36	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	116	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	117	1	below	below	ADV
cana-4650	117	2	is	be	AUX
cana-4650	117	3	the	the	DET
cana-4650	117	4	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
cana-4650	117	5	variance	variance	NOUN
cana-4650	117	6	retained	retain	VERB
cana-4650	117	7	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	117	8	the	the	DET
cana-4650	117	9	top	top	ADJ
cana-4650	117	10	principal	principal	ADJ
cana-4650	117	11	components	component	NOUN
cana-4650	117	12	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	117	13	components	component	NOUN
cana-4650	117	14	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	117	15	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	117	16	variance	variance	NOUN
cana-4650	117	17	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	117	18	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	117	19	fashion	fashion	NOUN
cana-4650	117	20	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	117	21	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	117	22	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	117	23	variance	variance	NOUN
cana-4650	117	24	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	117	25	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	117	26	25	25	NUM
cana-4650	117	27	78.2	78.2	NUM
cana-4650	117	28	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	117	29	74.6	74.6	NUM
cana-4650	117	30	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	117	31	50	50	NUM
cana-4650	117	32	91.7	91.7	NUM
cana-4650	117	33	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	117	34	88.3	88.3	NUM
cana-4650	117	35	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	117	36	100	100	NUM
cana-4650	117	37	96.3	96.3	NUM
cana-4650	117	38	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	117	39	94.8	94.8	NUM
cana-4650	117	40	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	117	41	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	117	42	selected	select	VERB
cana-4650	117	43	50	50	NUM
cana-4650	117	44	components	component	NOUN
cana-4650	117	45	as	as	ADP
cana-4650	117	46	a	a	DET
cana-4650	117	47	trade	trade	NOUN
cana-4650	117	48	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	117	49	off	off	NOUN
cana-4650	117	50	between	between	ADP
cana-4650	117	51	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	117	52	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	117	53	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	117	54	computational	computational	ADJ
cana-4650	117	55	feasibility	feasibility	NOUN
cana-4650	117	56	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	117	57	reducing	reduce	VERB
cana-4650	117	58	the	the	DET
cana-4650	117	59	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	117	60	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	117	61	per	per	ADP
cana-4650	117	62	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	117	63	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	117	64	~1.2s	~1.2s	PRON
cana-4650	117	65	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	117	66	~0.36s	~0.36s	NUM
cana-4650	117	67	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	1	f.	f.	PROPN
cana-4650	118	2	use	use	PROPN
cana-4650	118	3	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	4	case	case	NOUN
cana-4650	118	5	justification	justification	NOUN
cana-4650	118	6	per	per	ADP
cana-4650	118	7	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	118	8	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	118	9	justification	justification	NOUN
cana-4650	118	10	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	118	11	canonical	canonical	ADJ
cana-4650	118	12	case	case	NOUN
cana-4650	118	13	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	118	14	a	a	DET
cana-4650	118	15	single	single	ADJ
cana-4650	118	16	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	118	17	loop	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	118	18	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	19	ideal	ideal	ADJ
cana-4650	118	20	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	118	21	validating	validate	VERB
cana-4650	118	22	β1\beta_1	β1\beta_1	X
cana-4650	118	23	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4650	118	24	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	118	25	tests	test	VERB
cana-4650	118	26	the	the	DET
cana-4650	118	27	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	118	28	’s	’s	PART
cana-4650	118	29	ability	ability	NOUN
cana-4650	118	30	to	to	PART
cana-4650	118	31	detect	detect	VERB
cana-4650	118	32	non	non	ADJ
cana-4650	118	33	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	118	34	linear	linear	ADJ
cana-4650	118	35	manifolds	manifold	NOUN
cana-4650	118	36	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	118	37	sharp	sharp	ADJ
cana-4650	118	38	curvature	curvature	NOUN
cana-4650	118	39	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	118	40	low	low	ADV
cana-4650	118	41	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	42	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	118	43	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	44	interpretable	interpretable	ADJ
cana-4650	118	45	real	real	ADJ
cana-4650	118	46	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	47	world	world	NOUN
cana-4650	118	48	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	118	49	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	118	50	well	well	ADV
cana-4650	118	51	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	52	separated	separate	VERB
cana-4650	118	53	classes	class	NOUN
cana-4650	118	54	mnist-1000	mnist-1000	ADJ
cana-4650	118	55	high	high	ADV
cana-4650	118	56	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	57	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	118	58	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	118	59	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	118	60	intrinsic	intrinsic	ADJ
cana-4650	118	61	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	118	62	structure	structure	NOUN
cana-4650	118	63	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	64	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-4650	118	65	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	66	loops	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	118	67	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	118	68	0	0	NUM
cana-4650	118	69	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	70	8)	8)	NUM
cana-4650	118	71	fashionmnist	fashionmnist	NOUN
cana-4650	118	72	visually	visually	ADV
cana-4650	118	73	ambiguous	ambiguous	ADJ
cana-4650	118	74	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	118	75	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	118	76	shape	shape	NOUN
cana-4650	118	77	complexity	complexity	NOUN
cana-4650	118	78	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	79	tests	test	VERB
cana-4650	118	80	robustness	robustness	NOUN
cana-4650	118	81	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	118	82	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	118	83	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	118	84	noisy	noisy	ADJ
cana-4650	118	85	topologies	topology	NOUN
cana-4650	118	86	g.	g.	PROPN
cana-4650	118	87	visual	visual	ADJ
cana-4650	118	88	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cana-4650	118	89	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	118	90	topology	topology	NOUN
cana-4650	118	91	each	each	DET
cana-4650	118	92	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	118	93	’s	’s	PART
cana-4650	118	94	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	118	95	instances	instance	NOUN
cana-4650	118	96	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	118	97	their	their	PRON
cana-4650	118	98	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	118	99	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	118	100	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	101	pds	pds	NOUN
cana-4650	118	102	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	103	revealed	reveal	VERB
cana-4650	118	104	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
cana-4650	118	105	insights	insight	NOUN
cana-4650	118	106	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	107	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	118	108	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	118	109	/	/	SYM
cana-4650	118	110	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	118	111	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	112	dominant	dominant	ADJ
cana-4650	118	113	long	long	ADV
cana-4650	118	114	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	118	115	lived	live	VERB
cana-4650	118	116	h1h_1	h1h_1	NOUN
cana-4650	118	117	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	118	118	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	119	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	119	2	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	119	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	119	4	sparse	sparse	ADJ
cana-4650	119	5	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	119	6	quickly	quickly	ADV
cana-4650	119	7	dying	die	VERB
cana-4650	119	8	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	119	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	119	10	mostly	mostly	ADV
cana-4650	119	11	h0h_0	h0h_0	NUM
cana-4650	119	12	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	120	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	120	2	mnist-8	mnist-8	NOUN
cana-4650	120	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	120	4	clearly	clearly	ADV
cana-4650	120	5	shows	show	VERB
cana-4650	120	6	two	two	NUM
cana-4650	120	7	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	120	8	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	120	9	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	120	10	loops	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	120	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	121	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	121	2	fashion	fashion	NOUN
cana-4650	121	3	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	121	4	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	121	5	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	121	6	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-4650	121	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	121	8	ankle	ankle	NOUN
cana-4650	121	9	boot	boot	NOUN
cana-4650	121	10	):	):	PUNCT
cana-4650	121	11	elongated	elongate	VERB
cana-4650	121	12	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	121	13	regions	region	NOUN
cana-4650	121	14	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	121	15	both	both	DET
cana-4650	121	16	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	121	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	121	18	indicative	indicative	ADJ
cana-4650	121	19	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	121	20	shape	shape	NOUN
cana-4650	121	21	contours	contours	NOUN
cana-4650	121	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	122	1	3.2.3	3.2.3	NUM
cana-4650	122	2	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	122	3	parameters	parameter	NOUN
cana-4650	122	4	this	this	DET
cana-4650	122	5	section	section	NOUN
cana-4650	122	6	outlines	outline	VERB
cana-4650	122	7	the	the	DET
cana-4650	122	8	parameter	parameter	NOUN
cana-4650	122	9	configurations	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	122	10	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	122	11	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	122	12	computing	compute	VERB
cana-4650	122	13	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	122	14	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	122	15	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	122	16	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	122	17	via	via	ADP
cana-4650	122	18	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	122	19	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	122	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	123	1	the	the	DET
cana-4650	123	2	selected	select	VERB
cana-4650	123	3	parameters	parameter	NOUN
cana-4650	123	4	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	123	5	chosen	choose	VERB
cana-4650	123	6	based	base	VERB
cana-4650	123	7	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	123	8	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
cana-4650	123	9	guidance	guidance	NOUN
cana-4650	123	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	123	11	empirical	empirical	ADJ
cana-4650	123	12	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
cana-4650	123	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	123	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	123	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	123	16	practical	practical	ADJ
cana-4650	123	17	runtime	runtime	NOUN
cana-4650	123	18	constraints	constraint	NOUN
cana-4650	123	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	124	1	all	all	DET
cana-4650	124	2	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	124	3	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	124	4	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	124	5	computed	compute	VERB
cana-4650	124	6	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	124	7	either	either	CCONJ
cana-4650	124	8	vietoris	vietoris	ADJ
cana-4650	124	9	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	124	10	rips	rip	NOUN
cana-4650	124	11	complexes	complex	NOUN
cana-4650	124	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	124	13	for	for	SCONJ
cana-4650	124	14	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	124	15	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	124	16	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	124	17	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	124	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	124	19	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	124	20	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	124	21	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	124	22	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	124	23	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	124	24	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	124	25	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	125	1	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	125	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	126	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	126	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	126	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	126	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	126	5	3131	3131	NUM
cana-4650	126	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	126	7	numeric	numeric	PROPN
cana-4650	126	8	/	/	SYM
cana-4650	126	9	tabular	tabular	PROPN
cana-4650	126	10	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	126	11	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	126	12	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4650	126	13	cubical	cubical	ADJ
cana-4650	126	14	complexes	complex	NOUN
cana-4650	126	15	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	126	16	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	126	17	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	126	18	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	126	19	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	126	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	126	21	followed	follow	VERB
cana-4650	126	22	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	126	23	transformation	transformation	NOUN
cana-4650	126	24	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	126	25	vectorized	vectorize	VERB
cana-4650	126	26	representations	representation	NOUN
cana-4650	126	27	suitable	suitable	ADJ
cana-4650	126	28	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	126	29	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	126	30	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	126	31	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	127	1	a.	a.	PROPN
cana-4650	127	2	homology	homology	PROPN
cana-4650	127	3	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	127	4	considered	consider	VERB
cana-4650	127	5	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	127	6	computed	compute	VERB
cana-4650	127	7	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	127	8	groups	group	NOUN
cana-4650	127	9	𝐻𝑘	𝐻𝑘	PROPN
cana-4650	127	10	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	127	11	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	127	12	𝑘	𝑘	X
cana-4650	127	13	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	127	14	0	0	PROPN
cana-4650	127	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	127	16	𝑘	𝑘	X
cana-4650	127	17	=	=	NOUN
cana-4650	127	18	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	127	19	:	:	SYM
cana-4650	127	20	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	127	21	𝐻0	𝐻0	PROPN
cana-4650	127	22	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	127	23	connected	connected	ADJ
cana-4650	127	24	components	component	NOUN
cana-4650	127	25	•	•	PRON
cana-4650	127	26	𝐻1	𝐻1	NOUN
cana-4650	127	27	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	127	28	one	one	NUM
cana-4650	127	29	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	127	30	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	127	31	loops	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	127	32	/	/	SYM
cana-4650	127	33	cycles	cycle	NOUN
cana-4650	127	34	these	these	DET
cana-4650	127	35	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	127	36	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	127	37	selected	select	VERB
cana-4650	127	38	based	base	VERB
cana-4650	127	39	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	127	40	the	the	DET
cana-4650	127	41	known	know	VERB
cana-4650	127	42	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	127	43	structures	structure	NOUN
cana-4650	127	44	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	127	45	our	our	PRON
cana-4650	127	46	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	127	47	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	128	1	higher	high	ADJ
cana-4650	128	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	128	3	order	order	NOUN
cana-4650	128	4	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	128	5	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	128	6	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-4650	128	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	128	8	𝐻2	𝐻2	NOUN
cana-4650	128	9	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	128	10	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	128	11	not	not	PART
cana-4650	128	12	considered	consider	VERB
cana-4650	128	13	due	due	ADJ
cana-4650	128	14	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	128	15	computational	computational	ADJ
cana-4650	128	16	cost	cost	NOUN
cana-4650	128	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	128	18	limited	limited	ADJ
cana-4650	128	19	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	128	20	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	128	21	2d	2d	NUM
cana-4650	128	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	128	23	3d	3d	NUM
cana-4650	128	24	data	data	PROPN
cana-4650	128	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	1	homology	homology	PROPN
cana-4650	129	2	group	group	NOUN
cana-4650	129	3	betti	betti	NOUN
cana-4650	129	4	number	number	NOUN
cana-4650	129	5	𝛽𝑘	𝛽𝑘	ADP
cana-4650	129	6	interpretation	interpretation	PROPN
cana-4650	129	7	𝐻0	𝐻0	PROPN
cana-4650	129	8	𝛽0	𝛽0	ADJ
cana-4650	129	9	number	number	NOUN
cana-4650	129	10	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	129	11	connected	connected	ADJ
cana-4650	129	12	components	component	NOUN
cana-4650	129	13	𝐻1	𝐻1	NOUN
cana-4650	129	14	𝛽1	𝛽1	NOUN
cana-4650	129	15	number	number	NOUN
cana-4650	129	16	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	129	17	one	one	NUM
cana-4650	129	18	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	19	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	129	20	loops	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	129	21	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4650	129	22	holes	hole	NOUN
cana-4650	129	23	b.	b.	PROPN
cana-4650	129	24	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4650	129	25	construction	construction	NOUN
cana-4650	129	26	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4650	129	27	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	129	28	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	129	29	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4650	129	30	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	129	31	tool	tool	NOUN
cana-4650	129	32	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	129	33	justification	justification	NOUN
cana-4650	129	34	numeric	numeric	ADJ
cana-4650	129	35	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	36	2d/4d	2d/4d	NUM
cana-4650	129	37	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	38	vietoris	vietoris	NOUN
cana-4650	129	39	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	40	rips	rip	NOUN
cana-4650	129	41	ripser++	ripser++	NOUN
cana-4650	129	42	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	43	fast	fast	ADV
cana-4650	129	44	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	45	preserves	preserve	VERB
cana-4650	129	46	pairwise	pairwise	NOUN
cana-4650	129	47	distances	distance	NOUN
cana-4650	129	48	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	129	49	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	50	784d	784d	NOUN
cana-4650	129	51	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	52	cubical	cubical	ADJ
cana-4650	129	53	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4650	129	54	gudhi	gudhi	NOUN
cana-4650	129	55	preserves	preserve	VERB
cana-4650	129	56	grid	grid	NOUN
cana-4650	129	57	topology	topology	NOUN
cana-4650	129	58	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	129	59	pixels	pixels	PROPN
cana-4650	129	60	c.	c.	PROPN
cana-4650	129	61	general	general	PROPN
cana-4650	129	62	parameter	parameter	PROPN
cana-4650	129	63	settings	setting	NOUN
cana-4650	129	64	parameter	parameter	NOUN
cana-4650	129	65	value	value	NOUN
cana-4650	129	66	description	description	NOUN
cana-4650	129	67	max	max	PROPN
cana-4650	129	68	homology	homology	PROPN
cana-4650	129	69	dim	dim	PROPN
cana-4650	129	70	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	129	71	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	129	72	computed	compute	VERB
cana-4650	129	73	up	up	ADP
cana-4650	129	74	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	129	75	𝐻1	𝐻1	PROPN
cana-4650	129	76	max	max	PROPN
cana-4650	129	77	filtration	filtration	NOUN
cana-4650	129	78	value	value	NOUN
cana-4650	129	79	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	80	𝜖𝑚𝑎𝑥	𝜖𝑚𝑎𝑥	PROPN
cana-4650	129	81	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	82	2.0	2.0	NUM
cana-4650	129	83	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	84	normalized	normalize	VERB
cana-4650	129	85	scale	scale	NOUN
cana-4650	129	86	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	87	upper	upper	ADJ
cana-4650	129	88	bound	bind	VERB
cana-4650	129	89	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	129	90	building	build	VERB
cana-4650	129	91	simplicial	simplicial	ADJ
cana-4650	129	92	/	/	SYM
cana-4650	129	93	cubical	cubical	ADJ
cana-4650	129	94	complexes	complex	NOUN
cana-4650	129	95	distance	distance	NOUN
cana-4650	129	96	metric	metric	ADJ
cana-4650	129	97	euclidean	euclidean	NOUN
cana-4650	129	98	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	129	99	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	129	100	point	point	NOUN
cana-4650	129	101	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	102	cloud	cloud	NOUN
cana-4650	129	103	data	data	NOUN
cana-4650	129	104	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	129	105	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cana-4650	129	106	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	107	𝜏	𝜏	NOUN
cana-4650	129	108	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	109	0.01	0.01	NUM
cana-4650	129	110	filter	filter	NOUN
cana-4650	129	111	out	out	ADP
cana-4650	129	112	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	129	113	noise	noise	NOUN
cana-4650	129	114	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	115	short	short	ADV
cana-4650	129	116	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	117	lived	live	VERB
cana-4650	129	118	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	129	119	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	120	number	number	NOUN
cana-4650	129	121	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	129	122	landmarks	landmark	NOUN
cana-4650	129	123	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	124	rips	rip	NOUN
cana-4650	129	125	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	126	100	100	NUM
cana-4650	129	127	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	129	128	to	to	PART
cana-4650	129	129	approximate	approximate	VERB
cana-4650	129	130	rips	rip	NOUN
cana-4650	129	131	complex	complex	NOUN
cana-4650	129	132	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	129	133	large	large	ADJ
cana-4650	129	134	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	129	135	cubical	cubical	ADJ
cana-4650	129	136	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cana-4650	129	137	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	138	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	129	139	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	140	28×28	28×28	NUM
cana-4650	129	141	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4650	129	142	pcareduced	pcareduce	VERB
cana-4650	129	143	50×1	50×1	PROPN
cana-4650	129	144	grid	grid	NOUN
cana-4650	129	145	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cana-4650	129	146	adapted	adapt	VERB
cana-4650	129	147	to	to	PART
cana-4650	129	148	downsampled	downsample	VERB
cana-4650	129	149	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	129	150	features	feature	VERB
cana-4650	129	151	normalization	normalization	NOUN
cana-4650	129	152	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cana-4650	129	153	birth	birth	NOUN
cana-4650	129	154	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	155	death	death	NOUN
cana-4650	129	156	scaled	scale	VERB
cana-4650	129	157	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	129	158	[	[	X
cana-4650	129	159	0,1	0,1	NUM
cana-4650	129	160	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	161	standardization	standardization	NOUN
cana-4650	129	162	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	129	163	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	129	164	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	129	165	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	129	166	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	129	167	construction	construction	NOUN
cana-4650	129	168	filtration	filtration	NOUN
cana-4650	129	169	functions	function	NOUN
cana-4650	129	170	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	129	171	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	172	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	129	173	euclidean	euclidean	ADJ
cana-4650	129	174	distance	distance	NOUN
cana-4650	129	175	function	function	NOUN
cana-4650	129	176	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	129	177	rips	rip	NOUN
cana-4650	129	178	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4650	129	179	•	•	X
cana-4650	129	180	pixel	pixel	NOUN
cana-4650	129	181	intensity	intensity	NOUN
cana-4650	129	182	thresholding	thresholde	VERB
cana-4650	129	183	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	129	184	cubical	cubical	ADJ
cana-4650	129	185	complex	complex	NOUN
cana-4650	129	186	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	187	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	129	188	data	data	PROPN
cana-4650	129	189	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	190	d.	d.	PROPN
cana-4650	129	191	vectorization	vectorization	PROPN
cana-4650	129	192	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	129	193	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	129	194	information	information	NOUN
cana-4650	129	195	after	after	ADP
cana-4650	129	196	computing	compute	VERB
cana-4650	129	197	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	129	198	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	129	199	𝐷	𝐷	NOUN
cana-4650	129	200	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	129	201	{	{	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	202	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	203	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	129	204	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	205	𝑑𝑖	𝑑𝑖	NOUN
cana-4650	129	206	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	207	}	}	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	208	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	209	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	129	210	transformed	transform	VERB
cana-4650	129	211	them	they	PRON
cana-4650	129	212	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	129	213	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	129	214	vectors	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	129	215	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	129	216	three	three	NUM
cana-4650	129	217	standard	standard	ADJ
cana-4650	129	218	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4650	129	219	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	220	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	129	221	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	129	222	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	129	223	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	129	224	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	129	225	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	129	226	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	227	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	129	228	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	129	229	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	129	230	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	129	231	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	130	1	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	130	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	131	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	131	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	5	3132	3132	NUM
cana-4650	131	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	131	7	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	131	8	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	131	9	description	description	NOUN
cana-4650	131	10	output	output	NOUN
cana-4650	131	11	dim	dim	ADJ
cana-4650	131	12	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	131	13	landscapes	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	131	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	15	pl	pl	NOUN
cana-4650	131	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	17	sequence	sequence	NOUN
cana-4650	131	18	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	131	19	piecewise	piecewise	NOUN
cana-4650	131	20	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	21	linear	linear	NOUN
cana-4650	131	22	functions	function	NOUN
cana-4650	131	23	𝜆𝑘(𝑡	𝜆𝑘(𝑡	NOUN
cana-4650	131	24	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	25	180	180	NUM
cana-4650	131	26	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	131	27	images	image	NOUN
cana-4650	131	28	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	29	pi	pi	NOUN
cana-4650	131	30	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	31	gaussian	gaussian	NOUN
cana-4650	131	32	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	33	weighted	weight	VERB
cana-4650	131	34	2d	2d	NUM
cana-4650	131	35	histogram	histogram	NOUN
cana-4650	131	36	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	131	37	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	131	38	points	point	VERB
cana-4650	131	39	400	400	NUM
cana-4650	131	40	betti	betti	ADJ
cana-4650	131	41	curves	curve	NOUN
cana-4650	131	42	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	43	bc	bc	PROPN
cana-4650	131	44	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	45	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	131	46	series	series	NOUN
cana-4650	131	47	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	131	48	𝛽𝑘(𝑡	𝛽𝑘(𝑡	NOUN
cana-4650	131	49	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	50	over	over	ADP
cana-4650	131	51	filtration	filtration	NOUN
cana-4650	131	52	20	20	NUM
cana-4650	131	53	total	total	ADJ
cana-4650	131	54	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	131	55	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	56	tp	tp	NOUN
cana-4650	131	57	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	58	scalar	scalar	ADV
cana-4650	131	59	∑	∑	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	60	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	61	𝑑𝑖	𝑑𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	131	62	−	−	PROPN
cana-4650	131	63	𝑏𝑖)𝑖	𝑏𝑖)𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	131	64	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	131	65	𝐻0	𝐻0	PROPN
cana-4650	131	66	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	131	67	𝐻1	𝐻1	PROPN
cana-4650	131	68	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	131	69	e.	e.	PROPN
cana-4650	131	70	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	131	71	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	131	72	configuration	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	131	73	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	131	74	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	131	75	the	the	DET
cana-4650	131	76	following	follow	VERB
cana-4650	131	77	configuration	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	131	78	to	to	PART
cana-4650	131	79	convert	convert	VERB
cana-4650	131	80	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	131	81	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	131	82	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	131	83	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	131	84	images	image	NOUN
cana-4650	131	85	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	131	86	parameter	parameter	NOUN
cana-4650	131	87	value	value	NOUN
cana-4650	131	88	grid	grid	NOUN
cana-4650	131	89	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cana-4650	131	90	20	20	NUM
cana-4650	131	91	×	×	NOUN
cana-4650	131	92	20	20	NUM
cana-4650	131	93	pixels	pixel	NOUN
cana-4650	131	94	gaussian	gaussian	ADJ
cana-4650	131	95	kernel	kernel	PROPN
cana-4650	131	96	std	std	PROPN
cana-4650	131	97	dev	dev	PROPN
cana-4650	131	98	0.05	0.05	NUM
cana-4650	131	99	pixel	pixel	PROPN
cana-4650	131	100	value	value	NOUN
cana-4650	131	101	aggregation	aggregation	NOUN
cana-4650	131	102	sum	sum	NOUN
cana-4650	131	103	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	131	104	gaussians	gaussians	PROPN
cana-4650	131	105	diagram	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	131	106	region	region	NOUN
cana-4650	132	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	132	2	0,1	0,1	NUM
cana-4650	132	3	]	]	X
cana-4650	132	4	×	×	NOUN
cana-4650	132	5	[	[	X
cana-4650	132	6	0,1	0,1	NUM
cana-4650	132	7	]	]	X
cana-4650	132	8	birth	birth	NOUN
cana-4650	132	9	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	132	10	death	death	NOUN
cana-4650	132	11	↦	↦	NOUN
cana-4650	132	12	birth	birth	NOUN
cana-4650	132	13	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	132	14	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	132	15	transformation	transformation	NOUN
cana-4650	132	16	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	132	17	all	all	DET
cana-4650	132	18	pis	pis	NOUN
cana-4650	132	19	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	132	20	flattened	flatten	VERB
cana-4650	132	21	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	132	22	a	a	DET
cana-4650	132	23	400	400	NUM
cana-4650	132	24	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	132	25	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	132	26	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	132	27	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	132	28	standardized	standardize	VERB
cana-4650	132	29	before	before	ADP
cana-4650	132	30	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	132	31	input	input	NOUN
cana-4650	132	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	133	1	f.	f.	PROPN
cana-4650	133	2	persistence	persistence	PROPN
cana-4650	133	3	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	133	4	configuration	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	133	5	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	133	6	computed	compute	VERB
cana-4650	133	7	top	top	ADJ
cana-4650	133	8	3	3	NUM
cana-4650	133	9	layers	layer	NOUN
cana-4650	133	10	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	133	11	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	133	12	landscapes	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	133	13	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	133	14	the	the	DET
cana-4650	133	15	formulation	formulation	NOUN
cana-4650	133	16	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	133	17	𝜆𝑘(𝑡	𝜆𝑘(𝑡	NOUN
cana-4650	133	18	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	1	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	134	2	k	k	X
cana-4650	134	3	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	4	th	th	X
cana-4650	134	5	largest	large	ADJ
cana-4650	134	6	value	value	NOUN
cana-4650	134	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	134	8	{	{	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	9	max(0,min(𝑡	max(0,min(𝑡	PROPN
cana-4650	134	10	−	−	PROPN
cana-4650	134	11	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	134	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	13	𝑑𝑖	𝑑𝑖	VERB
cana-4650	134	14	−	−	PROPN
cana-4650	134	15	𝑡	𝑡	NOUN
cana-4650	134	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	18	}	}	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	19	parameter	parameter	NOUN
cana-4650	134	20	value	value	NOUN
cana-4650	134	21	number	number	NOUN
cana-4650	134	22	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	134	23	layers	layer	NOUN
cana-4650	134	24	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	25	k	k	NOUN
cana-4650	134	26	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	27	3	3	NUM
cana-4650	134	28	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-4650	134	29	grid	grid	NOUN
cana-4650	134	30	points	point	NOUN
cana-4650	134	31	60	60	NUM
cana-4650	134	32	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	33	uniformly	uniformly	ADV
cana-4650	134	34	spaced	space	VERB
cana-4650	134	35	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	36	output	output	NOUN
cana-4650	134	37	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	134	38	size	size	NOUN
cana-4650	134	39	3	3	NUM
cana-4650	134	40	×	×	NOUN
cana-4650	134	41	60	60	NUM
cana-4650	134	42	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	134	43	180	180	NUM
cana-4650	134	44	g.	g.	NOUN
cana-4650	134	45	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	134	46	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	47	specific	specific	ADJ
cana-4650	134	48	customizations	customization	NOUN
cana-4650	134	49	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	134	50	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4650	134	51	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	134	52	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	134	53	method	method	NOUN
cana-4650	134	54	vectorization	vectorization	NOUN
cana-4650	134	55	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	134	56	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	134	57	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	134	58	runtime	runtime	PROPN
cana-4650	134	59	/	/	SYM
cana-4650	134	60	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	134	61	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	134	62	rips	rip	NOUN
cana-4650	134	63	ripser++	ripser++	PROPN
cana-4650	134	64	pi	pi	NOUN
cana-4650	134	65	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	66	pl	pl	PROPN
cana-4650	134	67	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	68	bc	bc	PROPN
cana-4650	134	69	0.19s	0.19s	PROPN
cana-4650	134	70	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	134	71	rips	rip	VERB
cana-4650	134	72	ripser++	ripser++	PROPN
cana-4650	134	73	pi	pi	NOUN
cana-4650	134	74	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	75	pl	pl	PROPN
cana-4650	134	76	0.21s	0.21s	PROPN
cana-4650	134	77	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	134	78	rips	rip	NOUN
cana-4650	134	79	ripser++	ripser++	PROPN
cana-4650	134	80	pi	pi	NOUN
cana-4650	134	81	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	82	pl	pl	NOUN
cana-4650	134	83	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	84	tp	tp	ADP
cana-4650	134	85	0.25s	0.25s	NUM
cana-4650	134	86	mnist-1000	mnist-1000	ADJ
cana-4650	134	87	cubical	cubical	ADJ
cana-4650	134	88	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	89	pca	pca	NOUN
cana-4650	134	90	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	91	gudhi	gudhi	VERB
cana-4650	134	92	pi	pi	NOUN
cana-4650	134	93	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	94	tp	tp	ADP
cana-4650	134	95	0.36s	0.36s	ADJ
cana-4650	134	96	fashionmnist	fashionmnist	NOUN
cana-4650	134	97	cubical	cubical	ADJ
cana-4650	134	98	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	99	pca	pca	NOUN
cana-4650	134	100	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	101	gudhi	gudhi	VERB
cana-4650	134	102	pi	pi	PROPN
cana-4650	134	103	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	104	pl	pl	PROPN
cana-4650	134	105	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	106	tp	tp	ADP
cana-4650	134	107	0.39s	0.39s	NUM
cana-4650	134	108	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	134	109	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	134	110	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	134	111	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	134	112	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	134	113	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	134	114	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	115	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	134	116	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	134	117	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	134	118	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	134	119	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	134	120	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	134	121	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	135	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	135	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	135	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	135	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	135	5	3133	3133	NUM
cana-4650	136	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	136	2	h.	h.	PROPN
cana-4650	136	3	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	136	4	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cana-4650	136	5	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
cana-4650	136	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	136	7	to	to	PART
cana-4650	136	8	remove	remove	VERB
cana-4650	136	9	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	136	10	noise	noise	NOUN
cana-4650	136	11	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	12	short	short	ADV
cana-4650	136	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	14	lived	live	VERB
cana-4650	136	15	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	136	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	18	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	136	19	conducted	conduct	VERB
cana-4650	136	20	a	a	DET
cana-4650	136	21	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cana-4650	136	22	sweep	sweep	NOUN
cana-4650	136	23	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	136	24	found	find	VERB
cana-4650	136	25	optimal	optimal	ADJ
cana-4650	136	26	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	136	27	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4650	136	28	when	when	SCONJ
cana-4650	136	29	excluding	exclude	VERB
cana-4650	136	30	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	136	31	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	136	32	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	33	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	136	34	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	136	35	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	36	𝑑𝑖	𝑑𝑖	AUX
cana-4650	136	37	−	−	PROPN
cana-4650	136	38	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	NOUN
cana-4650	136	39	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	40	<	<	X
cana-4650	136	41	𝜏	𝜏	X
cana-4650	136	42	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	136	43	0.01	0.01	NUM
cana-4650	136	44	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cana-4650	136	45	𝜏	𝜏	PRON
cana-4650	136	46	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	136	47	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	48	combined	combined	ADJ
cana-4650	136	49	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	136	50	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	51	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	136	52	score	score	NOUN
cana-4650	136	53	0.000	0.000	NUM
cana-4650	136	54	91.2	91.2	NUM
cana-4650	136	55	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	136	56	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4650	136	57	0.005	0.005	NUM
cana-4650	136	58	91.7	91.7	NUM
cana-4650	136	59	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	136	60	0.87	0.87	NUM
cana-4650	136	61	0.010	0.010	NUM
cana-4650	136	62	92.1	92.1	NUM
cana-4650	136	63	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	136	64	0.88	0.88	NUM
cana-4650	136	65	0.020	0.020	NUM
cana-4650	136	66	91.4	91.4	NUM
cana-4650	136	67	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	136	68	0.85	0.85	NUM
cana-4650	136	69	i.	i.	NOUN
cana-4650	136	70	storage	storage	NOUN
cana-4650	136	71	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	136	72	memory	memory	NOUN
cana-4650	136	73	considerations	consideration	NOUN
cana-4650	136	74	due	due	ADJ
cana-4650	136	75	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	136	76	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	136	77	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	78	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	136	79	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	136	80	outputs	output	NOUN
cana-4650	136	81	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	82	especially	especially	ADV
cana-4650	136	83	pis	pis	NOUN
cana-4650	136	84	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	136	85	pls	pls	INTJ
cana-4650	136	86	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	87	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	88	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	136	89	optimized	optimize	VERB
cana-4650	136	90	memory	memory	NOUN
cana-4650	136	91	use	use	NOUN
cana-4650	136	92	as	as	SCONJ
cana-4650	136	93	follows	follow	VERB
cana-4650	136	94	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	95	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	136	96	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	136	97	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	136	98	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	136	99	size	size	NOUN
cana-4650	136	100	per	per	ADP
cana-4650	136	101	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	136	102	total	total	NOUN
cana-4650	136	103	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	136	104	1,000	1,000	NUM
cana-4650	136	105	samples	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	136	106	compression	compression	NOUN
cana-4650	136	107	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	136	108	pi	pi	NOUN
cana-4650	136	109	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	110	400d	400d	NOUN
cana-4650	136	111	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	136	112	3.2	3.2	NUM
cana-4650	136	113	kb	kb	PROPN
cana-4650	136	114	3.2	3.2	NUM
cana-4650	136	115	mb	mb	NOUN
cana-4650	136	116	numpy	numpy	NOUN
cana-4650	136	117	.npz	.npz	PUNCT
cana-4650	137	1	pl	pl	PROPN
cana-4650	137	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	137	3	180d	180d	PROPN
cana-4650	137	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	137	5	1.4	1.4	NUM
cana-4650	137	6	kb	kb	PROPN
cana-4650	137	7	1.4	1.4	NUM
cana-4650	137	8	mb	mb	NOUN
cana-4650	137	9	numpy	numpy	NOUN
cana-4650	137	10	.npz	.npz	PUNCT
cana-4650	138	1	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	138	2	~150	~150	NOUN
cana-4650	138	3	points	point	VERB
cana-4650	138	4	~500	~500	NOUN
cana-4650	138	5	kb	kb	PROPN
cana-4650	138	6	pickled	pickled	ADJ
cana-4650	138	7	objects	object	VERB
cana-4650	138	8	3.2.4	3.2.4	NUM
cana-4650	138	9	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	138	10	construction	construction	NOUN
cana-4650	138	11	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	138	12	improved	improve	VERB
cana-4650	138	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	138	14	expanded	expand	VERB
cana-4650	138	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	138	16	this	this	DET
cana-4650	138	17	section	section	NOUN
cana-4650	138	18	details	detail	VERB
cana-4650	138	19	the	the	DET
cana-4650	138	20	methodology	methodology	NOUN
cana-4650	138	21	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	138	22	to	to	PART
cana-4650	138	23	construct	construct	VERB
cana-4650	138	24	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	138	25	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	138	26	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	138	27	compatible	compatible	ADJ
cana-4650	138	28	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	138	29	vectors	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	138	30	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	138	31	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	138	32	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	138	33	outputs	output	NOUN
cana-4650	138	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	139	1	our	our	PRON
cana-4650	139	2	objective	objective	NOUN
cana-4650	139	3	is	be	AUX
cana-4650	139	4	to	to	PART
cana-4650	139	5	preserve	preserve	VERB
cana-4650	139	6	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	139	7	structure	structure	NOUN
cana-4650	139	8	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	139	9	a	a	DET
cana-4650	139	10	numerically	numerically	ADV
cana-4650	139	11	stable	stable	ADJ
cana-4650	139	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	139	13	vectorized	vectorize	VERB
cana-4650	139	14	form	form	NOUN
cana-4650	139	15	suitable	suitable	ADJ
cana-4650	139	16	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	139	17	integration	integration	NOUN
cana-4650	139	18	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	139	19	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cana-4650	139	20	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	139	21	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
cana-4650	139	22	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	139	23	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-4650	139	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	139	25	svm	svm	ADJ
cana-4650	139	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	139	27	random	random	ADJ
cana-4650	139	28	forest	forest	NOUN
cana-4650	139	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	139	30	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4650	139	31	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4650	139	32	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	139	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	140	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	140	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	140	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	140	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	140	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	140	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	140	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	140	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	140	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	140	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	140	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	140	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	140	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	140	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	141	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	141	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	141	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	141	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	141	5	3134	3134	NUM
cana-4650	141	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	142	1	the	the	DET
cana-4650	142	2	complete	complete	ADJ
cana-4650	142	3	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	142	4	engineering	engineering	NOUN
cana-4650	142	5	pipeline	pipeline	NOUN
cana-4650	142	6	consists	consist	VERB
cana-4650	142	7	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	142	8	two	two	NUM
cana-4650	142	9	streams	stream	NOUN
cana-4650	142	10	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	142	11	1	1	X
cana-4650	142	12	.	.	X
cana-4650	142	13	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	142	14	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	142	15	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	142	16	original	original	ADJ
cana-4650	142	17	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	142	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	143	1	2	2	X
cana-4650	143	2	.	.	X
cana-4650	143	3	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	143	4	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	143	5	derived	derive	VERB
cana-4650	143	6	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	143	7	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	143	8	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	143	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	144	1	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	144	2	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
cana-4650	144	3	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	144	4	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	144	5	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	144	6	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	144	7	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	144	8	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	144	9	only	only	ADV
cana-4650	144	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	144	11	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	144	12	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	144	13	features	feature	VERB
cana-4650	144	14	only	only	ADV
cana-4650	144	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	144	16	•	•	ADP
cana-4650	144	17	a	a	DET
cana-4650	144	18	concatenation	concatenation	NOUN
cana-4650	144	19	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	144	20	both	both	PRON
cana-4650	144	21	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	144	22	combined	combined	ADJ
cana-4650	144	23	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	144	24	set	set	NOUN
cana-4650	144	25	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	144	26	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	1	a.	a.	NOUN
cana-4650	145	2	overview	overview	NOUN
cana-4650	145	3	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	145	4	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	145	5	types	type	NOUN
cana-4650	145	6	feature	feature	VERB
cana-4650	145	7	source	source	NOUN
cana-4650	145	8	technique	technique	NOUN
cana-4650	145	9	output	output	NOUN
cana-4650	145	10	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	145	11	size	size	NOUN
cana-4650	145	12	description	description	NOUN
cana-4650	145	13	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	145	14	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	145	15	original	original	ADJ
cana-4650	145	16	/	/	SYM
cana-4650	145	17	pca	pca	NOUN
cana-4650	145	18	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	19	reduced	reduce	VERB
cana-4650	145	20	varies	varie	NOUN
cana-4650	145	21	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	22	2–784	2–784	NOUN
cana-4650	145	23	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	24	unaltered	unaltered	ADJ
cana-4650	145	25	numeric	numeric	ADJ
cana-4650	145	26	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4650	145	27	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	145	28	features	feature	VERB
cana-4650	145	29	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	145	30	images	image	NOUN
cana-4650	145	31	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	32	pi	pi	NOUN
cana-4650	145	33	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	34	2d	2d	PROPN
cana-4650	145	35	histogram	histogram	NOUN
cana-4650	145	36	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	145	37	diagram	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	145	38	400	400	NUM
cana-4650	145	39	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	40	20×20	20×20	NUM
cana-4650	145	41	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	42	heatmap	heatmap	NOUN
cana-4650	145	43	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	44	like	like	ADJ
cana-4650	145	45	summary	summary	NOUN
cana-4650	145	46	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	145	47	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	145	48	structure	structure	NOUN
cana-4650	145	49	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	145	50	landscapes	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	145	51	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	52	pl	pl	NOUN
cana-4650	145	53	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	54	functional	functional	ADJ
cana-4650	145	55	encoding	encoding	NOUN
cana-4650	145	56	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	145	57	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	145	58	180	180	NUM
cana-4650	145	59	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	60	3×60	3×60	NUM
cana-4650	145	61	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	62	vectorized	vectorize	VERB
cana-4650	145	63	shape	shape	NOUN
cana-4650	145	64	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	145	65	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	145	66	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	145	67	betti	betti	NOUN
cana-4650	145	68	curves	curve	NOUN
cana-4650	145	69	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	70	bc	bc	PROPN
cana-4650	145	71	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	72	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	145	73	series	series	NOUN
cana-4650	145	74	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	145	75	𝛽𝑘	𝛽𝑘	ADV
cana-4650	145	76	20	20	NUM
cana-4650	145	77	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	78	10	10	NUM
cana-4650	145	79	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	145	80	h₀	h₀	NOUN
cana-4650	145	81	+	+	CCONJ
cana-4650	145	82	10	10	NUM
cana-4650	145	83	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	145	84	h₁	h₁	NOUN
cana-4650	145	85	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	86	summarizes	summarize	NOUN
cana-4650	145	87	number	number	NOUN
cana-4650	145	88	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	145	89	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	145	90	per	per	ADP
cana-4650	145	91	filtration	filtration	NOUN
cana-4650	145	92	value	value	NOUN
cana-4650	145	93	total	total	ADJ
cana-4650	145	94	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	145	95	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	96	tp	tp	NOUN
cana-4650	145	97	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	98	scalar	scalar	ADJ
cana-4650	145	99	sum	sum	NOUN
cana-4650	145	100	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	145	101	𝑑𝑖	𝑑𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	145	102	−	−	PROPN
cana-4650	145	103	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	ADP
cana-4650	145	104	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	145	105	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	106	h₀	h₀	NOUN
cana-4650	145	107	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	145	108	h₁	h₁	NOUN
cana-4650	145	109	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	110	global	global	ADJ
cana-4650	145	111	topological	topological	PROPN
cana-4650	145	112	complexity	complexity	PROPN
cana-4650	145	113	indicator	indicator	PROPN
cana-4650	145	114	b.	b.	PROPN
cana-4650	145	115	step	step	PROPN
cana-4650	145	116	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	117	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	145	118	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	119	step	step	NOUN
cana-4650	145	120	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	145	121	construction	construction	NOUN
cana-4650	145	122	pipeline	pipeline	NOUN
cana-4650	145	123	step	step	NOUN
cana-4650	145	124	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	145	125	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	145	126	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	145	127	diagram	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	145	128	computation	computation	NOUN
cana-4650	145	129	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	145	130	each	each	DET
cana-4650	145	131	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	146	1	𝑥	𝑥	PRON
cana-4650	146	2	∈	∈	PROPN
cana-4650	147	1	ℝ𝑛	ℝ𝑛	NOUN
cana-4650	147	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	147	3	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	147	4	compute	compute	VERB
cana-4650	147	5	a	a	DET
cana-4650	147	6	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	147	7	diagram	diagram	NOUN
cana-4650	147	8	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	147	9	𝐷(𝑥	𝐷(𝑥	X
cana-4650	147	10	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	147	11	=	=	PRON
cana-4650	147	12	{	{	PUNCT
cana-4650	147	13	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	147	14	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	ADP
cana-4650	147	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	147	16	𝑑𝑖)}𝑖=1	𝑑𝑖)}𝑖=1	NOUN
cana-4650	147	17	𝑁𝑥	𝑁𝑥	NOUN
cana-4650	147	18	where	where	SCONJ
cana-4650	147	19	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	NOUN
cana-4650	147	20	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	147	21	𝑑𝑖	𝑑𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	147	22	are	be	AUX
cana-4650	147	23	birth	birth	NOUN
cana-4650	147	24	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	147	25	death	death	NOUN
cana-4650	147	26	times	time	NOUN
cana-4650	147	27	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	147	28	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	147	29	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	147	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	147	31	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	147	32	𝑁𝑥	𝑁𝑥	PROPN
cana-4650	147	33	is	be	AUX
cana-4650	147	34	the	the	DET
cana-4650	147	35	number	number	NOUN
cana-4650	147	36	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	147	37	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	147	38	retained	retain	VERB
cana-4650	147	39	after	after	ADP
cana-4650	147	40	applying	apply	VERB
cana-4650	147	41	a	a	DET
cana-4650	147	42	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	147	43	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cana-4650	147	44	𝜏	𝜏	X
cana-4650	147	45	=	=	NOUN
cana-4650	147	46	0.01	0.01	NUM
cana-4650	147	47	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	1	step	step	NOUN
cana-4650	148	2	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	148	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	4	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	148	5	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	148	6	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	7	pi	pi	NOUN
cana-4650	148	8	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	9	1	1	X
cana-4650	148	10	.	.	X
cana-4650	148	11	transform	transform	VERB
cana-4650	148	12	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	148	13	birth	birth	NOUN
cana-4650	148	14	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	15	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	148	16	coordinates	coordinate	NOUN
cana-4650	148	17	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	18	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	19	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	148	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	21	𝑑𝑖	𝑑𝑖	NOUN
cana-4650	148	22	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	23	→	→	SYM
cana-4650	148	24	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	25	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	148	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	27	𝑑𝑖	𝑑𝑖	VERB
cana-4650	148	28	−	−	PROPN
cana-4650	148	29	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	NOUN
cana-4650	148	30	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	31	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	148	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	33	apply	apply	VERB
cana-4650	148	34	a	a	DET
cana-4650	148	35	gaussian	gaussian	ADJ
cana-4650	148	36	kernel	kernel	NOUN
cana-4650	148	37	𝐺(𝑥	𝐺(𝑥	NOUN
cana-4650	148	38	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	39	𝜇	𝜇	X
cana-4650	148	40	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	41	𝜎	𝜎	NOUN
cana-4650	148	42	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	43	centered	center	VERB
cana-4650	148	44	at	at	ADP
cana-4650	148	45	each	each	DET
cana-4650	148	46	point	point	NOUN
cana-4650	148	47	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	148	48	𝜎	𝜎	PROPN
cana-4650	148	49	=	=	NOUN
cana-4650	148	50	0.05	0.05	NUM
cana-4650	148	51	3	3	NUM
cana-4650	148	52	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	53	aggregate	aggregate	VERB
cana-4650	148	54	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	148	55	a	a	DET
cana-4650	148	56	fixed	fix	VERB
cana-4650	148	57	2d	2d	NUM
cana-4650	148	58	grid	grid	NOUN
cana-4650	148	59	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	60	20×20	20×20	NUM
cana-4650	148	61	bins	bin	NOUN
cana-4650	148	62	covering	cover	VERB
cana-4650	148	63	[	[	PRON
cana-4650	148	64	0,1]2	0,1]2	NUM
cana-4650	148	65	𝑃𝐼(𝑝	𝑃𝐼(𝑝	ADJ
cana-4650	148	66	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	67	𝑞	𝑞	NOUN
cana-4650	148	68	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	69	=	=	ADJ
cana-4650	148	70	∑𝐺	∑𝐺	PROPN
cana-4650	148	71	𝑁𝑥	𝑁𝑥	PROPN
cana-4650	148	72	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	73	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	74	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	75	𝑝	𝑝	NOUN
cana-4650	148	76	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	77	𝑞	𝑞	PROPN
cana-4650	148	78	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	79	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	80	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	81	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	148	82	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	83	𝑑𝑖	𝑑𝑖	VERB
cana-4650	148	84	−	−	PROPN
cana-4650	148	85	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	148	86	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	87	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	88	𝜎	𝜎	X
cana-4650	148	89	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	90	•	•	ADJ
cana-4650	148	91	final	final	ADJ
cana-4650	148	92	output	output	NOUN
cana-4650	148	93	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	94	20×20	20×20	NUM
cana-4650	148	95	matrix	matrix	NOUN
cana-4650	148	96	⇒	⇒	NOUN
cana-4650	148	97	flattened	flatten	VERB
cana-4650	148	98	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	148	99	a	a	DET
cana-4650	148	100	400	400	NUM
cana-4650	148	101	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	102	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	148	103	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	148	104	step	step	NOUN
cana-4650	148	105	3	3	NUM
cana-4650	148	106	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	107	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	148	108	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	148	109	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	110	pl	pl	NOUN
cana-4650	148	111	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	112	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	148	113	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	148	114	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	148	115	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	148	116	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	148	117	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	148	118	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	119	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	148	120	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	148	121	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	148	122	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	148	123	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	148	124	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	148	125	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	149	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	149	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	149	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	149	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	149	5	3135	3135	NUM
cana-4650	149	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	149	7	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	149	8	each	each	DET
cana-4650	149	9	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	149	10	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	149	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	149	12	𝑑𝑖	𝑑𝑖	NOUN
cana-4650	149	13	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	149	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	149	15	define	define	VERB
cana-4650	149	16	a	a	DET
cana-4650	149	17	tent	tent	NOUN
cana-4650	149	18	function	function	NOUN
cana-4650	149	19	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	149	20	𝜆𝑖(𝑡	𝜆𝑖(𝑡	X
cana-4650	149	21	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	149	22	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	149	23	max(0,min(𝑡	max(0,min(𝑡	X
cana-4650	149	24	−	−	NOUN
cana-4650	149	25	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	149	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	149	27	𝑑𝑖	𝑑𝑖	VERB
cana-4650	149	28	−	−	PROPN
cana-4650	149	29	𝑡	𝑡	NOUN
cana-4650	149	30	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	149	31	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	150	1	the	the	DET
cana-4650	150	2	𝑘-th	𝑘-th	PROPN
cana-4650	150	3	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	150	4	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	150	5	is	be	AUX
cana-4650	150	6	defined	define	VERB
cana-4650	150	7	as	as	ADP
cana-4650	150	8	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	150	9	𝜆𝑘(𝑡	𝜆𝑘(𝑡	X
cana-4650	150	10	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	150	11	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	151	1	k	k	X
cana-4650	151	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	151	3	th	th	X
cana-4650	151	4	largest	large	ADJ
cana-4650	151	5	value	value	NOUN
cana-4650	151	6	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	151	7	{	{	PUNCT
cana-4650	151	8	𝜆𝑖(𝑡	𝜆𝑖(𝑡	NUM
cana-4650	151	9	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	151	10	}	}	PUNCT
cana-4650	151	11	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	151	12	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	151	13	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	151	14	3	3	NUM
cana-4650	151	15	layers	layer	NOUN
cana-4650	151	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	151	17	60	60	NUM
cana-4650	151	18	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-4650	151	19	points	point	NOUN
cana-4650	151	20	per	per	ADP
cana-4650	151	21	layer	layer	NOUN
cana-4650	151	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	152	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	152	2	final	final	ADJ
cana-4650	152	3	output	output	NOUN
cana-4650	152	4	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	152	5	3	3	NUM
cana-4650	152	6	×	×	NOUN
cana-4650	152	7	60	60	NUM
cana-4650	152	8	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	152	9	180	180	NUM
cana-4650	152	10	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	152	11	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	152	12	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	152	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	153	1	step	step	NOUN
cana-4650	153	2	4	4	NUM
cana-4650	153	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	153	4	betti	betti	ADJ
cana-4650	153	5	curves	curve	NOUN
cana-4650	153	6	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	153	7	bc	bc	PROPN
cana-4650	153	8	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	153	9	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	153	10	a	a	DET
cana-4650	153	11	filtration	filtration	NOUN
cana-4650	153	12	range	range	NOUN
cana-4650	153	13	[	[	X
cana-4650	153	14	0,1	0,1	NUM
cana-4650	153	15	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	153	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	153	17	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	153	18	define	define	VERB
cana-4650	153	19	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	153	20	𝛽𝑘(𝑡	𝛽𝑘(𝑡	X
cana-4650	153	21	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	153	22	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	153	23	number	number	NOUN
cana-4650	153	24	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	153	25	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	153	26	alive	alive	ADJ
cana-4650	153	27	at	at	ADP
cana-4650	153	28	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	153	29	𝑡	𝑡	PROPN
cana-4650	153	30	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	153	31	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	153	32	𝐻𝑘	𝐻𝑘	PROPN
cana-4650	153	33	•	•	ADV
cana-4650	153	34	discretized	discretize	VERB
cana-4650	153	35	over	over	ADP
cana-4650	153	36	10	10	NUM
cana-4650	153	37	equally	equally	ADV
cana-4650	153	38	spaced	space	VERB
cana-4650	153	39	filtration	filtration	NOUN
cana-4650	153	40	values	value	NOUN
cana-4650	153	41	•	•	ADV
cana-4650	153	42	computed	compute	VERB
cana-4650	153	43	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	153	44	𝐻0	𝐻0	PROPN
cana-4650	153	45	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	153	46	𝐻1	𝐻1	PROPN
cana-4650	153	47	separately	separately	ADV
cana-4650	153	48	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	153	49	final	final	ADJ
cana-4650	153	50	output	output	NOUN
cana-4650	153	51	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	154	1	10	10	NUM
cana-4650	154	2	+	+	SYM
cana-4650	154	3	10	10	NUM
cana-4650	154	4	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	154	5	20	20	NUM
cana-4650	154	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	154	7	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	154	8	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	154	9	step	step	NOUN
cana-4650	154	10	5	5	NUM
cana-4650	154	11	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	154	12	total	total	ADJ
cana-4650	154	13	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	154	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	154	15	tp	tp	NOUN
cana-4650	154	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	154	17	total	total	ADJ
cana-4650	154	18	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	154	19	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	154	20	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	154	21	𝐻𝑘	𝐻𝑘	PROPN
cana-4650	154	22	is	be	AUX
cana-4650	154	23	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	154	24	𝑇𝑃𝑘	𝑇𝑃𝑘	PROPN
cana-4650	154	25	=	=	PROPN
cana-4650	154	26	∑(𝑑𝑖	∑(𝑑𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	154	27	−	−	NOUN
cana-4650	154	28	𝑏𝑖	𝑏𝑖	NOUN
cana-4650	154	29	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	154	30	𝑁𝑘	𝑁𝑘	PROPN
cana-4650	154	31	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PROPN
cana-4650	154	32	where	where	SCONJ
cana-4650	154	33	𝑁𝑘	𝑁𝑘	PROPN
cana-4650	154	34	is	be	AUX
cana-4650	154	35	the	the	DET
cana-4650	154	36	number	number	NOUN
cana-4650	154	37	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	154	38	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	154	39	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	154	40	dimension	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	154	41	𝑘.	𝑘.	NOUN
cana-4650	154	42	this	this	PRON
cana-4650	154	43	gives	give	VERB
cana-4650	154	44	a	a	DET
cana-4650	154	45	scalar	scalar	ADJ
cana-4650	154	46	summary	summary	NOUN
cana-4650	154	47	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	154	48	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	154	49	activity	activity	NOUN
cana-4650	154	50	per	per	ADP
cana-4650	154	51	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	154	52	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	155	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	155	2	final	final	ADJ
cana-4650	155	3	output	output	NOUN
cana-4650	155	4	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	156	1	𝑇𝑃0	𝑇𝑃0	PROPN
cana-4650	156	2	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	156	3	𝑇𝑃1	𝑇𝑃1	PROPN
cana-4650	156	4	→	→	SYM
cana-4650	156	5	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	156	6	features	feature	VERB
cana-4650	156	7	c.	c.	PROPN
cana-4650	156	8	final	final	ADJ
cana-4650	156	9	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	156	10	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	156	11	summary	summary	NOUN
cana-4650	156	12	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	156	13	category	category	NOUN
cana-4650	156	14	source	source	NOUN
cana-4650	156	15	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	156	16	length	length	NOUN
cana-4650	156	17	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	156	18	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	156	19	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	156	20	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	156	21	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4650	156	22	pca	pca	NOUN
cana-4650	156	23	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	156	24	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	156	25	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	156	26	784	784	NUM
cana-4650	156	27	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	156	28	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	156	29	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	156	30	pi	pi	NOUN
cana-4650	156	31	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	156	32	h₀	h₀	NOUN
cana-4650	156	33	+	+	CCONJ
cana-4650	156	34	h₁	h₁	NOUN
cana-4650	156	35	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	156	36	400	400	NUM
cana-4650	156	37	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	156	38	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	156	39	h₀	h₀	NOUN
cana-4650	156	40	+	+	CCONJ
cana-4650	156	41	h₁	h₁	NOUN
cana-4650	156	42	180	180	NUM
cana-4650	156	43	betti	betti	ADJ
cana-4650	156	44	curve	curve	NOUN
cana-4650	156	45	h₀	h₀	NOUN
cana-4650	156	46	+	+	CCONJ
cana-4650	156	47	h₁	h₁	NOUN
cana-4650	156	48	20	20	NUM
cana-4650	156	49	total	total	ADJ
cana-4650	156	50	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	156	51	scalar	scalar	ADJ
cana-4650	156	52	values	value	NOUN
cana-4650	156	53	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	156	54	total	total	NOUN
cana-4650	156	55	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	156	56	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	156	57	only	only	ADV
cana-4650	156	58	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	156	59	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	156	60	total	total	NOUN
cana-4650	156	61	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	156	62	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	156	63	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	156	64	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	157	1	+	+	CCONJ
cana-4650	157	2	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	157	3	varies	varie	NOUN
cana-4650	157	4	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	157	5	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-4650	157	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	157	7	784	784	NUM
cana-4650	157	8	+	+	NUM
cana-4650	157	9	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	157	10	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	157	11	1,386	1,386	NUM
cana-4650	157	12	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	157	13	d.	d.	PROPN
cana-4650	157	14	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	157	15	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	157	16	specific	specific	ADJ
cana-4650	157	17	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	157	18	configurations	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	157	19	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	157	20	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	157	21	dim	dim	ADJ
cana-4650	157	22	pca	pca	NOUN
cana-4650	157	23	dim	dim	NOUN
cana-4650	157	24	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	157	25	dim	dim	ADJ
cana-4650	157	26	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	157	27	dim	dim	ADJ
cana-4650	157	28	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	157	29	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	157	30	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	157	31	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	157	32	604	604	NUM
cana-4650	157	33	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	157	34	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	157	35	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	157	36	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	157	37	604	604	NUM
cana-4650	157	38	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	157	39	4	4	NUM
cana-4650	157	40	–	–	PUNCT
cana-4650	157	41	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	157	42	606	606	NUM
cana-4650	157	43	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	157	44	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	157	45	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	157	46	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	157	47	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	157	48	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	157	49	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	157	50	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	157	51	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	157	52	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	157	53	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	157	54	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	158	1	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	158	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	159	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	159	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	159	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	159	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	159	5	3136	3136	NUM
cana-4650	160	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	160	2	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	160	3	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	160	4	dim	dim	ADJ
cana-4650	160	5	pca	pca	NOUN
cana-4650	160	6	dim	dim	NOUN
cana-4650	160	7	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	160	8	dim	dim	ADJ
cana-4650	160	9	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	160	10	dim	dim	ADJ
cana-4650	160	11	mnist-1000	mnist-1000	NOUN
cana-4650	160	12	784	784	NUM
cana-4650	160	13	50	50	NUM
cana-4650	160	14	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	160	15	652	652	NUM
cana-4650	160	16	fashion	fashion	NOUN
cana-4650	160	17	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	160	18	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	160	19	784	784	NUM
cana-4650	160	20	50	50	NUM
cana-4650	160	21	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	160	22	652	652	NUM
cana-4650	160	23	e.	e.	PROPN
cana-4650	160	24	feature	feature	PROPN
cana-4650	160	25	normalization	normalization	NOUN
cana-4650	160	26	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	160	27	scaling	scale	VERB
cana-4650	160	28	all	all	DET
cana-4650	160	29	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	160	30	vectors	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	160	31	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	160	32	standardized	standardize	VERB
cana-4650	160	33	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	160	34	z	z	NOUN
cana-4650	160	35	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	160	36	score	score	NOUN
cana-4650	160	37	normalization	normalization	NOUN
cana-4650	160	38	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	160	39	𝑧𝑖	𝑧𝑖	NOUN
cana-4650	160	40	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	161	1	𝑥𝑖	𝑥𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	162	1	−	−	NOUN
cana-4650	162	2	𝜇𝑖	𝜇𝑖	ADP
cana-4650	162	3	𝜎𝑖	𝜎𝑖	PRON
cana-4650	162	4	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	162	5	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	162	6	independently	independently	ADV
cana-4650	162	7	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	162	8	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	162	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	162	10	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	162	11	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	162	12	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	162	13	ensured	ensure	VERB
cana-4650	162	14	unit	unit	NOUN
cana-4650	162	15	variance	variance	NOUN
cana-4650	162	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	162	17	zero	zero	NUM
cana-4650	162	18	mean	mean	NOUN
cana-4650	162	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	162	20	which	which	PRON
cana-4650	162	21	benefits	benefit	VERB
cana-4650	162	22	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	162	23	like	like	ADP
cana-4650	162	24	svm	svm	PROPN
cana-4650	162	25	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	162	26	nn	nn	PROPN
cana-4650	162	27	f.	f.	PROPN
cana-4650	162	28	feature	feature	PROPN
cana-4650	162	29	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-4650	162	30	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	162	31	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	162	32	preview	preview	NOUN
cana-4650	162	33	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	162	34	as	as	SCONJ
cana-4650	162	35	shown	show	VERB
cana-4650	162	36	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	162	37	the	the	DET
cana-4650	162	38	above	above	ADJ
cana-4650	162	39	section	section	NOUN
cana-4650	162	40	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	162	41	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	162	42	derived	derive	VERB
cana-4650	162	43	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	162	44	tda	tda	NUM
cana-4650	162	45	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	162	46	among	among	ADP
cana-4650	162	47	the	the	DET
cana-4650	162	48	most	most	ADV
cana-4650	162	49	important	important	ADJ
cana-4650	162	50	contributors	contributor	NOUN
cana-4650	162	51	to	to	PART
cana-4650	162	52	accurate	accurate	ADJ
cana-4650	162	53	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	162	54	explainable	explainable	ADJ
cana-4650	162	55	predictions	prediction	NOUN
cana-4650	162	56	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	162	57	top	top	ADJ
cana-4650	162	58	5	5	NUM
cana-4650	162	59	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	162	60	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	162	61	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	162	62	shap	shap	PROPN
cana-4650	162	63	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-4650	162	64	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	162	65	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	162	66	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	162	67	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	162	68	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	163	1	shap	shap	PROPN
cana-4650	163	2	value	value	NOUN
cana-4650	163	3	pi[188	pi[188	PROPN
cana-4650	163	4	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	5	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	163	6	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	163	7	0.092	0.092	NUM
cana-4650	163	8	pl[37	pl[37	PROPN
cana-4650	163	9	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	10	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	163	11	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cana-4650	163	12	0.087	0.087	NUM
cana-4650	163	13	raw[pixel_327	raw[pixel_327	PROPN
cana-4650	163	14	]	]	X
cana-4650	163	15	original	original	ADJ
cana-4650	163	16	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	163	17	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	18	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	163	19	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	20	0.081	0.081	NUM
cana-4650	163	21	tp₁	tp₁	VERB
cana-4650	163	22	total	total	ADJ
cana-4650	163	23	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	163	24	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	25	h₁	h₁	NOUN
cana-4650	163	26	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	27	0.079	0.079	NUM
cana-4650	163	28	bc[5	bc[5	PROPN
cana-4650	163	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	30	h₁	h₁	PROPN
cana-4650	163	31	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	32	betti	betti	NOUN
cana-4650	163	33	curve	curve	NOUN
cana-4650	163	34	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	35	h₁	h₁	NOUN
cana-4650	163	36	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	37	0.075	0.075	NUM
cana-4650	163	38	3.2.5	3.2.5	NUM
cana-4650	163	39	classifier	classifier	NOUN
cana-4650	163	40	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	163	41	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	163	42	hyperparameters	hyperparameter	NOUN
cana-4650	163	43	to	to	PART
cana-4650	163	44	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cana-4650	163	45	the	the	DET
cana-4650	163	46	predictive	predictive	ADJ
cana-4650	163	47	power	power	NOUN
cana-4650	163	48	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	163	49	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	163	50	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	163	51	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	163	52	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	163	53	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	54	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	163	55	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	163	56	four	four	NUM
cana-4650	163	57	widely	widely	ADV
cana-4650	163	58	adopted	adopt	VERB
cana-4650	163	59	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-4650	163	60	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
cana-4650	163	61	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	163	62	each	each	PRON
cana-4650	163	63	representing	represent	VERB
cana-4650	163	64	a	a	DET
cana-4650	163	65	distinct	distinct	ADJ
cana-4650	163	66	family	family	NOUN
cana-4650	163	67	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	163	68	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	163	69	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	163	70	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	163	71	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	164	1	these	these	DET
cana-4650	164	2	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	164	3	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	164	4	tested	test	VERB
cana-4650	164	5	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	164	6	three	three	NUM
cana-4650	164	7	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	164	8	configurations	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	164	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	164	10	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	164	11	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	164	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	164	13	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	164	14	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	164	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	164	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	164	17	combined	combined	ADJ
cana-4650	164	18	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	164	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	165	1	each	each	DET
cana-4650	165	2	classifier	classifier	NOUN
cana-4650	165	3	underwent	undergo	VERB
cana-4650	165	4	hyperparameter	hyperparameter	NOUN
cana-4650	165	5	tuning	tune	VERB
cana-4650	165	6	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	165	7	5	5	NUM
cana-4650	165	8	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	165	9	fold	fold	ADJ
cana-4650	165	10	cross	cross	ADJ
cana-4650	165	11	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	165	12	validation	validation	ADJ
cana-4650	165	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	165	14	grid	grid	NOUN
cana-4650	165	15	/	/	SYM
cana-4650	165	16	randomized	randomized	ADJ
cana-4650	165	17	search	search	NOUN
cana-4650	165	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	165	19	depending	depend	VERB
cana-4650	165	20	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	165	21	parameter	parameter	NOUN
cana-4650	165	22	space	space	NOUN
cana-4650	165	23	size	size	NOUN
cana-4650	165	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	166	1	cross	cross	NOUN
cana-4650	166	2	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	166	3	validation	validation	NOUN
cana-4650	166	4	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	166	5	stratified	stratify	VERB
cana-4650	166	6	to	to	PART
cana-4650	166	7	preserve	preserve	VERB
cana-4650	166	8	class	class	NOUN
cana-4650	166	9	distributions	distribution	NOUN
cana-4650	166	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	166	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	166	12	all	all	DET
cana-4650	166	13	training	training	NOUN
cana-4650	166	14	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	166	15	performed	perform	VERB
cana-4650	166	16	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	166	17	fixed	fix	VERB
cana-4650	166	18	seeds	seed	NOUN
cana-4650	166	19	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	166	20	reproducibility	reproducibility	NOUN
cana-4650	166	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	1	a.	a.	NOUN
cana-4650	167	2	classifier	classifier	PROPN
cana-4650	167	3	selection	selection	PROPN
cana-4650	167	4	rationale	rationale	NOUN
cana-4650	167	5	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	167	6	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	167	7	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
cana-4650	167	8	rationale	rationale	NOUN
cana-4650	167	9	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	167	10	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
cana-4650	167	11	linear	linear	PROPN
cana-4650	167	12	classifier	classifier	PROPN
cana-4650	167	13	logistic	logistic	ADJ
cana-4650	167	14	regression	regression	NOUN
cana-4650	167	15	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	16	lr	lr	NOUN
cana-4650	167	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	18	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	167	19	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	167	20	baseline	baseline	NOUN
cana-4650	167	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	22	low	low	ADJ
cana-4650	167	23	variance	variance	NOUN
cana-4650	167	24	kernel	kernel	NOUN
cana-4650	167	25	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	26	based	base	VERB
cana-4650	167	27	classifier	classifier	NOUN
cana-4650	167	28	support	support	NOUN
cana-4650	167	29	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	167	30	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	167	31	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	32	svm	svm	PROPN
cana-4650	167	33	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	34	effective	effective	ADJ
cana-4650	167	35	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	167	36	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	167	37	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	38	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	167	39	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	167	40	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	167	41	spaces	space	NOUN
cana-4650	167	42	ensemble	ensemble	VERB
cana-4650	167	43	treebased	treebased	ADJ
cana-4650	167	44	random	random	ADJ
cana-4650	167	45	forest	forest	NOUN
cana-4650	167	46	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	47	rf	rf	NOUN
cana-4650	167	48	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	49	handles	handle	VERB
cana-4650	167	50	non	non	ADJ
cana-4650	167	51	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	167	52	linearity	linearity	ADJ
cana-4650	167	53	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	54	provides	provide	VERB
cana-4650	167	55	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	167	56	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-4650	167	57	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4650	167	58	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4650	167	59	network	network	NOUN
cana-4650	167	60	feedforward	feedforward	NOUN
cana-4650	167	61	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4650	167	62	network	network	NOUN
cana-4650	167	63	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	64	nn	nn	NOUN
cana-4650	167	65	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	66	captures	capture	VERB
cana-4650	167	67	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4650	167	68	interactions	interaction	NOUN
cana-4650	167	69	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	70	good	good	ADJ
cana-4650	167	71	test	test	NOUN
cana-4650	167	72	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	167	73	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	167	74	synergy	synergy	NOUN
cana-4650	167	75	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	167	76	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	167	77	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	167	78	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	167	79	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	167	80	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	167	81	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	82	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	167	83	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	167	84	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	167	85	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	167	86	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	167	87	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	167	88	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	168	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	168	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	168	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	168	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	168	5	3137	3137	NUM
cana-4650	168	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	168	7	this	this	DET
cana-4650	168	8	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4650	168	9	allows	allow	VERB
cana-4650	168	10	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	168	11	assessing	assess	VERB
cana-4650	168	12	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	168	13	’s	’s	PART
cana-4650	168	14	impact	impact	NOUN
cana-4650	168	15	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	168	16	simple	simple	ADJ
cana-4650	168	17	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	168	18	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4650	168	19	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	168	20	architectures	architecture	NOUN
cana-4650	168	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	169	1	b.	b.	PROPN
cana-4650	169	2	hyperparameter	hyperparameter	PROPN
cana-4650	169	3	optimization	optimization	NOUN
cana-4650	169	4	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cana-4650	169	5	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	169	6	search	search	NOUN
cana-4650	169	7	method	method	NOUN
cana-4650	169	8	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	169	9	o	o	NOUN
cana-4650	169	10	grid	grid	NOUN
cana-4650	169	11	search	search	NOUN
cana-4650	169	12	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	169	13	lr	lr	NOUN
cana-4650	169	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	169	15	svm	svm	ADJ
cana-4650	169	16	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	169	17	small	small	ADJ
cana-4650	169	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	169	19	discrete	discrete	ADJ
cana-4650	169	20	parameter	parameter	NOUN
cana-4650	169	21	spaces	space	NOUN
cana-4650	169	22	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	1	o	o	NOUN
cana-4650	170	2	randomized	randomize	VERB
cana-4650	170	3	search	search	NOUN
cana-4650	170	4	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	5	n_iter=50	n_iter=50	NOUN
cana-4650	170	6	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	7	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	170	8	rf	rf	PROPN
cana-4650	170	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	170	10	nn	nn	PROPN
cana-4650	170	11	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	12	larger	large	ADJ
cana-4650	170	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	14	continuous	continuous	ADJ
cana-4650	170	15	spaces	space	NOUN
cana-4650	170	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	17	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	170	18	scoring	score	VERB
cana-4650	170	19	metric	metric	ADJ
cana-4650	170	20	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	21	cross	cross	ADJ
cana-4650	170	22	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	170	23	validated	validated	ADJ
cana-4650	170	24	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	170	25	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	170	26	auc	auc	NOUN
cana-4650	170	27	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	170	28	validation	validation	NOUN
cana-4650	170	29	scheme	scheme	NOUN
cana-4650	170	30	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	31	stratified	stratify	VERB
cana-4650	170	32	5	5	NUM
cana-4650	170	33	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	170	34	fold	fold	ADJ
cana-4650	170	35	cross	cross	ADJ
cana-4650	170	36	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	170	37	validation	validation	ADJ
cana-4650	170	38	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	170	39	training	training	NOUN
cana-4650	170	40	seeds	seed	NOUN
cana-4650	170	41	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	42	{	{	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	43	42	42	NUM
cana-4650	170	44	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	45	52	52	NUM
cana-4650	170	46	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	47	62	62	NUM
cana-4650	170	48	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	49	72	72	NUM
cana-4650	170	50	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	51	82	82	NUM
cana-4650	170	52	}	}	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	53	c.	c.	NOUN
cana-4650	170	54	finalized	finalize	VERB
cana-4650	170	55	hyperparameter	hyperparameter	NOUN
cana-4650	170	56	configurations	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	170	57	model	model	PROPN
cana-4650	170	58	library	library	PROPN
cana-4650	170	59	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	170	60	tuned	tune	VERB
cana-4650	170	61	parameters	parameter	NOUN
cana-4650	170	62	final	final	ADJ
cana-4650	170	63	values	value	NOUN
cana-4650	170	64	logistic	logistic	ADJ
cana-4650	170	65	regression	regression	NOUN
cana-4650	170	66	sklearn.linear_model	sklearn.linear_model	NOUN
cana-4650	170	67	c	c	PROPN
cana-4650	170	68	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	69	inverse	inverse	ADJ
cana-4650	170	70	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-4650	170	71	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	72	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	73	penalty	penalty	NOUN
cana-4650	170	74	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	75	solver	solver	VERB
cana-4650	170	76	c=1.0	c=1.0	PROPN
cana-4650	170	77	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	78	penalty='l2	penalty='l2	NOUN
cana-4650	170	79	'	'	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	80	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	81	solver='lbfgs	solver='lbfg	VERB
cana-4650	170	82	'	'	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	83	support	support	NOUN
cana-4650	170	84	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	170	85	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	170	86	sklearn.svm	sklearn.svm	X
cana-4650	170	87	c	c	PROPN
cana-4650	170	88	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	89	gamma	gamma	NOUN
cana-4650	170	90	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	91	kernel	kernel	PROPN
cana-4650	170	92	c=10	c=10	PROPN
cana-4650	170	93	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	94	gamma=0.1	gamma=0.1	PROPN
cana-4650	170	95	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	96	kernel='rbf	kernel='rbf	PROPN
cana-4650	170	97	'	'	PART
cana-4650	170	98	random	random	ADJ
cana-4650	170	99	forest	forest	NOUN
cana-4650	170	100	sklearn.ensemble	sklearn.ensemble	ADJ
cana-4650	170	101	n_estimators	n_estimator	NOUN
cana-4650	170	102	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	103	max_depth	max_depth	NOUN
cana-4650	170	104	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	105	min_samples_leaf	min_samples_leaf	PROPN
cana-4650	170	106	n=100	n=100	PROPN
cana-4650	170	107	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	108	depth=15	depth=15	PROPN
cana-4650	170	109	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	110	min_leaf=2	min_leaf=2	PROPN
cana-4650	170	111	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4650	170	112	network	network	NOUN
cana-4650	170	113	tensorflow.keras	tensorflow.keras	ADP
cana-4650	170	114	layer	layer	NOUN
cana-4650	170	115	sizes	size	NOUN
cana-4650	170	116	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	117	activation	activation	NOUN
cana-4650	170	118	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	119	optimizer	optimizer	NOUN
cana-4650	170	120	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	121	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4650	170	122	rate	rate	NOUN
cana-4650	170	123	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	124	dropout	dropout	ADJ
cana-4650	170	125	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	170	126	layers	layer	NOUN
cana-4650	170	127	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	128	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	129	64	64	NUM
cana-4650	170	130	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	131	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	170	132	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	133	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	134	relu	relu	NOUN
cana-4650	170	135	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	136	adam	adam	PROPN
cana-4650	170	137	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	138	lr=0.001	lr=0.001	NOUN
cana-4650	170	139	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	140	dropout=0.2	dropout=0.2	ADV
cana-4650	170	141	all	all	DET
cana-4650	170	142	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	170	143	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	170	144	early	early	ADJ
cana-4650	170	145	stopping	stop	VERB
cana-4650	170	146	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	147	nn	nn	NOUN
cana-4650	170	148	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	149	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	150	or	or	CCONJ
cana-4650	170	151	out	out	ADV
cana-4650	170	152	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	153	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	170	154	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	155	bag	bag	NOUN
cana-4650	170	156	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-4650	170	157	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	158	rf	rf	NOUN
cana-4650	170	159	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	170	160	to	to	PART
cana-4650	170	161	prevent	prevent	VERB
cana-4650	170	162	overfitting	overfitting	NOUN
cana-4650	170	163	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	171	1	d.	d.	PROPN
cana-4650	171	2	input	input	PROPN
cana-4650	171	3	size	size	NOUN
cana-4650	171	4	compatibility	compatibility	NOUN
cana-4650	171	5	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	171	6	raw	raw	X
cana-4650	171	7	vs.	vs.	X
cana-4650	171	8	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	171	9	vs.	vs.	ADP
cana-4650	171	10	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	171	11	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	171	12	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	171	13	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	171	14	dim	dim	NOUN
cana-4650	171	15	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	171	16	dim	dim	ADJ
cana-4650	171	17	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	171	18	dim	dim	ADJ
cana-4650	171	19	input	input	NOUN
cana-4650	171	20	size	size	NOUN
cana-4650	171	21	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	171	22	nn	nn	PROPN
cana-4650	171	23	circles	circle	NOUN
cana-4650	171	24	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	171	25	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	171	26	604	604	NUM
cana-4650	171	27	604	604	NUM
cana-4650	171	28	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	171	29	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	171	30	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	171	31	604	604	NUM
cana-4650	171	32	604	604	NUM
cana-4650	171	33	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	171	34	4	4	NUM
cana-4650	171	35	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	171	36	606	606	NUM
cana-4650	171	37	606	606	NUM
cana-4650	171	38	mnist-1000	mnist-1000	ADJ
cana-4650	171	39	50	50	NUM
cana-4650	171	40	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	171	41	pca	pca	PROPN
cana-4650	171	42	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	171	43	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	171	44	652	652	NUM
cana-4650	171	45	652	652	NUM
cana-4650	171	46	fashion	fashion	NOUN
cana-4650	171	47	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	171	48	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	171	49	50	50	NUM
cana-4650	171	50	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	171	51	pca	pca	PROPN
cana-4650	171	52	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	171	53	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	171	54	652	652	NUM
cana-4650	171	55	652	652	NUM
cana-4650	171	56	nn	nn	PROPN
cana-4650	171	57	architectures	architecture	NOUN
cana-4650	171	58	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	171	59	adapted	adapt	VERB
cana-4650	171	60	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
cana-4650	171	61	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	171	62	input	input	NOUN
cana-4650	171	63	layers	layer	NOUN
cana-4650	171	64	matching	match	VERB
cana-4650	171	65	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	171	66	size	size	NOUN
cana-4650	171	67	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	171	68	followed	follow	VERB
cana-4650	171	69	by	by	ADP
cana-4650	171	70	relu	relu	NOUN
cana-4650	171	71	activations	activation	NOUN
cana-4650	171	72	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	171	73	dropout	dropout	NOUN
cana-4650	171	74	layers	layer	NOUN
cana-4650	171	75	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	172	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	172	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	172	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	172	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	172	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	172	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	172	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	172	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	172	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	172	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	172	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	172	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	172	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	172	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	173	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	173	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	173	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	173	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	173	5	3138	3138	NUM
cana-4650	174	1	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	174	2	e.	e.	PROPN
cana-4650	174	3	training	training	NOUN
cana-4650	174	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	174	5	runtime	runtime	NOUN
cana-4650	174	6	considerations	consideration	NOUN
cana-4650	174	7	model	model	PROPN
cana-4650	174	8	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	174	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	175	1	training	training	NOUN
cana-4650	175	2	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	175	3	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	175	4	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	175	5	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	175	6	avg	avg	NOUN
cana-4650	175	7	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	176	1	training	training	NOUN
cana-4650	176	2	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	176	3	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	176	4	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	176	5	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	176	6	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	176	7	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	177	1	training	training	NOUN
cana-4650	177	2	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	177	3	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	177	4	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	177	5	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	177	6	gpu	gpu	NOUN
cana-4650	177	7	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	177	8	?	?	PUNCT
cana-4650	178	1	logistic	logistic	ADJ
cana-4650	178	2	reg	reg	NOUN
cana-4650	178	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	179	1	0.42	0.42	NUM
cana-4650	179	2	s	s	NOUN
cana-4650	179	3	0.39	0.39	NUM
cana-4650	179	4	s	s	PART
cana-4650	179	5	0.44	0.44	NUM
cana-4650	179	6	s	s	NOUN
cana-4650	179	7	no	no	DET
cana-4650	179	8	svm	svm	NOUN
cana-4650	179	9	1.28	1.28	NUM
cana-4650	179	10	s	s	PART
cana-4650	179	11	1.17	1.17	NUM
cana-4650	179	12	s	s	NUM
cana-4650	179	13	1.46	1.46	NUM
cana-4650	179	14	s	s	NOUN
cana-4650	179	15	no	no	DET
cana-4650	179	16	random	random	ADJ
cana-4650	179	17	forest	forest	NOUN
cana-4650	179	18	3.75	3.75	NUM
cana-4650	179	19	s	s	NUM
cana-4650	179	20	3.94	3.94	NUM
cana-4650	179	21	s	s	NUM
cana-4650	179	22	4.20	4.20	NUM
cana-4650	179	23	s	s	NOUN
cana-4650	179	24	no	no	DET
cana-4650	179	25	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4650	179	26	net	net	NOUN
cana-4650	179	27	8.6	8.6	NUM
cana-4650	179	28	s	s	PART
cana-4650	179	29	7.9	7.9	NUM
cana-4650	179	30	s	s	NOUN
cana-4650	179	31	12.8	12.8	NUM
cana-4650	179	32	s	s	NOUN
cana-4650	179	33	yes	yes	INTJ
cana-4650	179	34	nn	nn	PROPN
cana-4650	179	35	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	179	36	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	179	37	nvidia	nvidia	PROPN
cana-4650	179	38	rtx	rtx	PROPN
cana-4650	179	39	a6000	a6000	PROPN
cana-4650	179	40	gpu	gpu	PROPN
cana-4650	179	41	;	;	PUNCT
cana-4650	179	42	all	all	DET
cana-4650	179	43	others	other	NOUN
cana-4650	179	44	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	179	45	cpu	cpu	ADV
cana-4650	179	46	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	179	47	parallelized	parallelize	VERB
cana-4650	179	48	via	via	ADP
cana-4650	179	49	joblib	joblib	PROPN
cana-4650	179	50	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	180	1	f.	f.	PROPN
cana-4650	180	2	model	model	PROPN
cana-4650	180	3	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4650	180	4	preview	preview	NOUN
cana-4650	180	5	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	180	6	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	180	7	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	180	8	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	180	9	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	180	10	model	model	PROPN
cana-4650	180	11	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	180	12	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	180	13	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	180	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	180	15	all	all	DET
cana-4650	180	16	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	180	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	180	18	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	180	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	181	1	auc	auc	PROPN
cana-4650	181	2	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	181	3	score	score	NOUN
cana-4650	181	4	logistic	logistic	ADJ
cana-4650	181	5	reg	reg	NOUN
cana-4650	181	6	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	182	1	90.4	90.4	NUM
cana-4650	182	2	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	182	3	0.92	0.92	NUM
cana-4650	182	4	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4650	182	5	svm	svm	NOUN
cana-4650	182	6	91.8	91.8	NUM
cana-4650	182	7	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	182	8	0.94	0.94	NUM
cana-4650	182	9	0.84	0.84	NUM
cana-4650	182	10	random	random	ADJ
cana-4650	182	11	forest	forest	NOUN
cana-4650	182	12	92.1	92.1	NUM
cana-4650	182	13	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	182	14	0.95	0.95	NUM
cana-4650	182	15	0.83	0.83	NUM
cana-4650	182	16	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4650	182	17	net	net	ADJ
cana-4650	182	18	92.6	92.6	NUM
cana-4650	182	19	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	182	20	0.96	0.96	NUM
cana-4650	182	21	0.81	0.81	NUM
cana-4650	182	22	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4650	182	23	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4650	182	24	networks	network	NOUN
cana-4650	182	25	slightly	slightly	ADV
cana-4650	182	26	outperformed	outperform	VERB
cana-4650	182	27	others	other	NOUN
cana-4650	182	28	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	182	29	predictive	predictive	ADJ
cana-4650	182	30	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	182	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	182	32	logistic	logistic	ADJ
cana-4650	182	33	regression	regression	NOUN
cana-4650	182	34	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	182	35	svm	svm	ADJ
cana-4650	182	36	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	182	37	maintained	maintain	VERB
cana-4650	182	38	superior	superior	ADJ
cana-4650	182	39	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	182	40	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	182	41	particularly	particularly	ADV
cana-4650	182	42	when	when	SCONJ
cana-4650	182	43	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	182	44	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	182	45	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	182	46	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	182	47	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	183	1	g.	g.	NOUN
cana-4650	183	2	implementation	implementation	PROPN
cana-4650	183	3	reproducibility	reproducibility	NOUN
cana-4650	183	4	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	183	5	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	183	6	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	183	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	183	8	all	all	DET
cana-4650	183	9	trained	train	VERB
cana-4650	183	10	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	183	11	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	183	12	serialized	serialize	VERB
cana-4650	183	13	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	183	14	joblib	joblib	NOUN
cana-4650	183	15	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	183	16	sklearn	sklearn	ADJ
cana-4650	183	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	183	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	183	19	model.save	model.save	NOUN
cana-4650	183	20	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	183	21	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	183	22	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	183	23	keras	keras	PROPN
cana-4650	183	24	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	183	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	184	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	184	2	codebase	codebase	ADJ
cana-4650	184	3	tracking	tracking	NOUN
cana-4650	184	4	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	184	5	hyperparameters	hyperparameter	NOUN
cana-4650	184	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	184	7	architectures	architecture	NOUN
cana-4650	184	8	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	184	9	logged	log	VERB
cana-4650	184	10	using	use	VERB
cana-4650	184	11	mlflow	mlflow	NOUN
cana-4650	184	12	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	184	13	automatic	automatic	ADJ
cana-4650	184	14	experiment	experiment	NOUN
cana-4650	184	15	tracking	tracking	NOUN
cana-4650	184	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	185	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	185	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-4650	185	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	185	4	unified	unify	VERB
cana-4650	185	5	via	via	ADP
cana-4650	185	6	cross_val_score	cross_val_score	PROPN
cana-4650	185	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	185	8	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	185	9	custom	custom	NOUN
cana-4650	185	10	wrappers	wrapper	NOUN
cana-4650	185	11	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	185	12	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	185	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	185	14	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	185	15	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	185	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	186	1	this	this	DET
cana-4650	186	2	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
cana-4650	186	3	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	186	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	186	5	hyperparameter	hyperparameter	NOUN
cana-4650	186	6	configuration	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	186	7	ensures	ensure	VERB
cana-4650	186	8	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4650	186	9	our	our	PRON
cana-4650	186	10	experimental	experimental	ADJ
cana-4650	186	11	results	result	NOUN
cana-4650	186	12	are	be	AUX
cana-4650	186	13	both	both	ADV
cana-4650	186	14	robust	robust	ADJ
cana-4650	186	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	186	16	reproducible	reproducible	ADJ
cana-4650	186	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	186	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	186	19	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4650	186	20	improvements	improvement	NOUN
cana-4650	186	21	from	from	ADP
cana-4650	186	22	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	186	23	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	186	24	are	be	AUX
cana-4650	186	25	assessed	assess	VERB
cana-4650	186	26	consistently	consistently	ADV
cana-4650	186	27	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	186	28	different	different	ADJ
cana-4650	186	29	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	186	30	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cana-4650	186	31	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	187	1	3.2.6	3.2.6	NUM
cana-4650	187	2	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	187	3	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4650	187	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	187	5	configurations	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	187	6	to	to	PART
cana-4650	187	7	quantitatively	quantitatively	ADV
cana-4650	187	8	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	187	9	qualitatively	qualitatively	ADV
cana-4650	187	10	assess	assess	VERB
cana-4650	187	11	the	the	DET
cana-4650	187	12	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	187	13	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	187	14	both	both	CCONJ
cana-4650	187	15	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	187	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	187	17	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	187	18	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	187	19	enhanced	enhance	VERB
cana-4650	187	20	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	187	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	187	22	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	187	23	employed	employ	VERB
cana-4650	187	24	three	three	NUM
cana-4650	187	25	widely	widely	ADV
cana-4650	187	26	accepted	accept	VERB
cana-4650	187	27	model	model	ADJ
cana-4650	187	28	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	187	29	agnostic	agnostic	ADJ
cana-4650	187	30	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	187	31	techniques	technique	NOUN
cana-4650	187	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	188	1	these	these	DET
cana-4650	188	2	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4650	188	3	offer	offer	VERB
cana-4650	188	4	complementary	complementary	ADJ
cana-4650	188	5	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
cana-4650	188	6	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	188	7	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	188	8	vs.	vs.	X
cana-4650	188	9	global	global	ADJ
cana-4650	188	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	188	11	additive	additive	ADJ
cana-4650	188	12	vs.	vs.	ADP
cana-4650	188	13	perturbationbased	perturbationbase	VERB
cana-4650	188	14	—	—	PUNCT
cana-4650	188	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	188	16	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	188	17	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	188	18	uniformly	uniformly	ADV
cana-4650	188	19	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	188	20	all	all	DET
cana-4650	188	21	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-4650	188	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	188	23	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	188	24	to	to	PART
cana-4650	188	25	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cana-4650	188	26	their	their	PRON
cana-4650	188	27	alignment	alignment	NOUN
cana-4650	188	28	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	188	29	human	human	NOUN
cana-4650	188	30	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	188	31	understandable	understandable	ADJ
cana-4650	188	32	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cana-4650	188	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	189	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	189	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	189	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	189	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	189	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	189	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	189	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	189	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	189	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	189	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	189	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	189	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	189	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	189	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	190	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	190	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	190	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	190	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	190	5	3139	3139	NUM
cana-4650	190	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	191	1	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	191	2	measured	measure	VERB
cana-4650	191	3	four	four	NUM
cana-4650	191	4	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	191	5	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4650	191	6	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	191	7	all	all	DET
cana-4650	191	8	configurations	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	191	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	10	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	191	11	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	191	12	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	191	13	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	14	lf	lf	NOUN
cana-4650	191	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	16	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	191	17	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	191	18	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	19	s	s	NOUN
cana-4650	191	20	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	21	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	191	22	sparsity	sparsity	NOUN
cana-4650	191	23	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	24	sp	sp	NOUN
cana-4650	191	25	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	26	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	191	27	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN
cana-4650	191	28	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	29	f	f	X
cana-4650	191	30	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	31	a.	a.	NOUN
cana-4650	191	32	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	191	33	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4650	191	34	employed	employ	VERB
cana-4650	191	35	technique	technique	NOUN
cana-4650	191	36	type	type	NOUN
cana-4650	191	37	scope	scope	NOUN
cana-4650	191	38	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cana-4650	191	39	library	library	NOUN
cana-4650	191	40	key	key	NOUN
cana-4650	191	41	strengths	strength	NOUN
cana-4650	191	42	shap	shap	PROPN
cana-4650	191	43	additive	additive	NOUN
cana-4650	191	44	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	45	model	model	ADJ
cana-4650	191	46	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	191	47	agnostic	agnostic	ADJ
cana-4650	191	48	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	191	49	+	+	CCONJ
cana-4650	191	50	global	global	ADJ
cana-4650	191	51	shap	shap	PROPN
cana-4650	191	52	0.41	0.41	NUM
cana-4650	191	53	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	54	shap.explainer	shap.explainer	NUM
cana-4650	191	55	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	56	consistent	consistent	ADJ
cana-4650	191	57	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	191	58	attributions	attribution	NOUN
cana-4650	191	59	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	191	60	perturbationbased	perturbationbase	VERB
cana-4650	191	61	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	191	62	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	191	63	0.2.0.1	0.2.0.1	PROPN
cana-4650	191	64	intuitive	intuitive	ADJ
cana-4650	191	65	surrogate	surrogate	ADJ
cana-4650	191	66	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cana-4650	191	67	permutation	permutation	NOUN
cana-4650	191	68	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	191	69	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-4650	191	70	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	71	pfi	pfi	NOUN
cana-4650	191	72	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	73	modeldependent	modeldependent	ADJ
cana-4650	191	74	global	global	ADJ
cana-4650	191	75	sklearn.inspection	sklearn.inspection	PROPN
cana-4650	191	76	measures	measure	NOUN
cana-4650	191	77	impact	impact	NOUN
cana-4650	191	78	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	191	79	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	191	80	shuffling	shuffle	VERB
cana-4650	191	81	each	each	DET
cana-4650	191	82	method	method	NOUN
cana-4650	191	83	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	191	84	configured	configure	VERB
cana-4650	191	85	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	191	86	tuned	tune	VERB
cana-4650	191	87	to	to	PART
cana-4650	191	88	balance	balance	NOUN
cana-4650	191	89	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	191	90	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	91	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	191	92	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	191	93	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	191	94	computational	computational	ADJ
cana-4650	191	95	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
cana-4650	191	96	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	1	b.	b.	PROPN
cana-4650	192	2	explanation	explanation	PROPN
cana-4650	192	3	configuration	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	192	4	parameters	parameter	NOUN
cana-4650	192	5	shap	shap	PROPN
cana-4650	192	6	settings	setting	NOUN
cana-4650	192	7	•	•	ADP
cana-4650	192	8	explainer	explainer	NOUN
cana-4650	192	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	10	kernelexplainer	kernelexplainer	NOUN
cana-4650	192	11	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	12	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	192	13	lr	lr	PROPN
cana-4650	192	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	15	svm	svm	ADJ
cana-4650	192	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	17	rf	rf	NOUN
cana-4650	192	18	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	20	deepexplainer	deepexplainer	NOUN
cana-4650	192	21	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	22	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	192	23	nn	nn	NOUN
cana-4650	192	24	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	25	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	192	26	background	background	NOUN
cana-4650	192	27	samples	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	192	28	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	29	100	100	NUM
cana-4650	192	30	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	192	31	perturbation	perturbation	NOUN
cana-4650	192	32	samples	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	192	33	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	34	500	500	NUM
cana-4650	192	35	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	192	36	link	link	NOUN
cana-4650	192	37	function	function	NOUN
cana-4650	192	38	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	39	identity	identity	NOUN
cana-4650	192	40	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	192	41	summarization	summarization	NOUN
cana-4650	192	42	method	method	NOUN
cana-4650	192	43	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	44	k	k	X
cana-4650	192	45	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	46	means	mean	VERB
cana-4650	192	47	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	192	48	settings	setting	NOUN
cana-4650	192	49	•	•	VERB
cana-4650	192	50	perturbations	perturbation	NOUN
cana-4650	192	51	per	per	ADP
cana-4650	192	52	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	192	53	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	54	500	500	NUM
cana-4650	192	55	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	192	56	kernel	kernel	NOUN
cana-4650	192	57	width	width	NOUN
cana-4650	192	58	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	59	0.75	0.75	NUM
cana-4650	192	60	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	192	61	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	192	62	surrogate	surrogate	NOUN
cana-4650	192	63	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	64	ridge	ridge	NOUN
cana-4650	192	65	regression	regression	NOUN
cana-4650	192	66	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	67	l2	l2	NOUN
cana-4650	192	68	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	69	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	192	70	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	192	71	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4650	192	72	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	73	forward	forward	ADJ
cana-4650	192	74	selection	selection	NOUN
cana-4650	192	75	permutation	permutation	NOUN
cana-4650	192	76	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	192	77	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-4650	192	78	settings	setting	NOUN
cana-4650	192	79	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	192	80	number	number	NOUN
cana-4650	192	81	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	192	82	repeats	repeat	NOUN
cana-4650	192	83	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	84	10	10	NUM
cana-4650	192	85	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	192	86	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	192	87	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	192	88	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	192	89	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	192	90	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	192	91	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	92	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	192	93	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	192	94	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	192	95	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	192	96	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	192	97	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	192	98	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	193	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	193	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	193	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	193	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	193	5	3140	3140	NUM
cana-4650	193	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	193	7	•	•	ADV
cana-4650	193	8	scoring	score	VERB
cana-4650	193	9	metric	metric	ADJ
cana-4650	193	10	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	193	11	auc	auc	NOUN
cana-4650	193	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	193	13	binary	binary	NOUN
cana-4650	193	14	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	193	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	193	16	macro	macro	NOUN
cana-4650	193	17	-	-	NOUN
cana-4650	193	18	f1	f1	ADJ
cana-4650	193	19	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	193	20	multi	multi	ADJ
cana-4650	193	21	-	-	NOUN
cana-4650	193	22	class	class	ADJ
cana-4650	193	23	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	193	24	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	193	25	random	random	ADJ
cana-4650	193	26	seed	seed	NOUN
cana-4650	193	27	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	193	28	42	42	NUM
cana-4650	193	29	c.	c.	NOUN
cana-4650	193	30	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	193	31	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4650	193	32	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	193	33	definitions	definition	NOUN
cana-4650	193	34	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	193	35	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cana-4650	193	36	4	4	NUM
cana-4650	193	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	194	1	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	194	2	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	194	3	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	194	4	lf	lf	NOUN
cana-4650	194	5	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	194	6	measures	measure	NOUN
cana-4650	194	7	how	how	SCONJ
cana-4650	194	8	well	well	ADV
cana-4650	194	9	the	the	DET
cana-4650	194	10	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	194	11	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	194	12	approximates	approximate	VERB
cana-4650	194	13	the	the	DET
cana-4650	194	14	original	original	ADJ
cana-4650	194	15	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	194	16	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	194	17	a	a	DET
cana-4650	194	18	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	194	19	neighborhood	neighborhood	NOUN
cana-4650	194	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	195	1	𝐿𝐹(𝑥	𝐿𝐹(𝑥	VERB
cana-4650	195	2	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	196	1	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	196	2	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	196	3	𝑘	𝑘	X
cana-4650	196	4	∑	∑	PUNCT
cana-4650	196	5	𝐼𝑘	𝐼𝑘	ADP
cana-4650	196	6	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PROPN
cana-4650	197	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	197	2	𝑓(𝑥𝑖	𝑓(𝑥𝑖	NUM
cana-4650	197	3	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	197	4	=	=	PUNCT
cana-4650	197	5	𝑓(𝑥𝑖	𝑓(𝑥𝑖	PROPN
cana-4650	197	6	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	197	7	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	197	8	where	where	SCONJ
cana-4650	197	9	𝑓	𝑓	PRON
cana-4650	197	10	is	be	AUX
cana-4650	197	11	the	the	DET
cana-4650	197	12	surrogate	surrogate	ADJ
cana-4650	197	13	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	197	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	198	1	5	5	X
cana-4650	198	2	.	.	X
cana-4650	198	3	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	198	4	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	198	5	s	s	NOUN
cana-4650	198	6	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	198	7	measures	measure	NOUN
cana-4650	198	8	consistency	consistency	NOUN
cana-4650	198	9	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	198	10	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	198	11	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-4650	198	12	under	under	ADP
cana-4650	198	13	small	small	ADJ
cana-4650	198	14	input	input	NOUN
cana-4650	198	15	perturbations	perturbation	NOUN
cana-4650	198	16	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	198	17	𝑆	𝑆	PROPN
cana-4650	198	18	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	198	19	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	198	20	−	−	PROPN
cana-4650	198	21	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	198	22	𝑛	𝑛	PRON
cana-4650	198	23	∑	∑	VERB
cana-4650	198	24	var𝑛	var𝑛	VERB
cana-4650	198	25	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PROPN
cana-4650	198	26	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	198	27	importance(𝑥𝑖	importance(𝑥𝑖	VERB
cana-4650	198	28	+	+	CCONJ
cana-4650	198	29	𝜖	𝜖	PROPN
cana-4650	198	30	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	198	31	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	198	32	6	6	NUM
cana-4650	198	33	.	.	X
cana-4650	198	34	sparsity	sparsity	NOUN
cana-4650	198	35	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	198	36	sp	sp	NOUN
cana-4650	198	37	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	198	38	total	total	ADJ
cana-4650	198	39	number	number	NOUN
cana-4650	198	40	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	198	41	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	198	42	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	198	43	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	198	44	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	198	45	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	198	46	non	non	ADJ
cana-4650	198	47	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	198	48	zero	zero	NUM
cana-4650	198	49	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
cana-4650	198	50	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	198	51	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	1	7	7	X
cana-4650	199	2	.	.	X
cana-4650	199	3	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN
cana-4650	199	4	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	5	f	f	X
cana-4650	199	6	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	7	spearman	spearman	NOUN
cana-4650	199	8	correlation	correlation	NOUN
cana-4650	199	9	between	between	ADP
cana-4650	199	10	attributed	attribute	VERB
cana-4650	199	11	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-4650	199	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	199	13	true	true	ADJ
cana-4650	199	14	impact	impact	NOUN
cana-4650	199	15	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	199	16	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	199	17	output	output	NOUN
cana-4650	199	18	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	19	𝐹	𝐹	PROPN
cana-4650	199	20	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	199	21	𝜌(importance(𝑥	𝜌(importance(𝑥	PROPN
cana-4650	199	22	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	24	𝛥𝑓(𝑥−𝑖	𝛥𝑓(𝑥−𝑖	NOUN
cana-4650	199	25	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	26	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	27	d.	d.	PROPN
cana-4650	199	28	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	199	29	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cana-4650	199	30	per	per	ADP
cana-4650	199	31	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	199	32	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	199	33	#	#	NOUN
cana-4650	199	34	samples	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	199	35	explained	explain	VERB
cana-4650	199	36	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	199	37	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4650	199	38	used	use	VERB
cana-4650	199	39	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	199	40	set	set	VERB
cana-4650	199	41	dim	dim	PROPN
cana-4650	199	42	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	43	avg	avg	PROPN
cana-4650	199	44	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	199	45	time	time	PROPN
cana-4650	199	46	/	/	SYM
cana-4650	199	47	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	199	48	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	49	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	199	50	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	51	circles	circle	VERB
cana-4650	199	52	200	200	NUM
cana-4650	199	53	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	199	54	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	55	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	199	56	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	57	pfi	pfi	NOUN
cana-4650	199	58	604	604	NUM
cana-4650	199	59	0.19	0.19	NUM
cana-4650	199	60	s	s	NOUN
cana-4650	199	61	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	199	62	200	200	NUM
cana-4650	199	63	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	199	64	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	65	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	199	66	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	67	pfi	pfi	NOUN
cana-4650	199	68	604	604	NUM
cana-4650	199	69	0.22	0.22	NUM
cana-4650	199	70	s	s	PART
cana-4650	199	71	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	199	72	150	150	NUM
cana-4650	199	73	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	199	74	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	75	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	199	76	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	199	77	pfi	pfi	NOUN
cana-4650	199	78	606	606	NUM
cana-4650	200	1	0.17	0.17	NUM
cana-4650	200	2	s	s	NOUN
cana-4650	200	3	mnist1000	mnist1000	PROPN
cana-4650	200	4	200	200	NUM
cana-4650	200	5	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	200	6	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	7	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4650	200	8	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	10	pfi	pfi	NOUN
cana-4650	200	11	652	652	NUM
cana-4650	200	12	0.78	0.78	NUM
cana-4650	200	13	s	s	PART
cana-4650	200	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	15	gpu	gpu	PROPN
cana-4650	200	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	17	fashionmnist	fashionmnist	NOUN
cana-4650	200	18	200	200	NUM
cana-4650	200	19	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	200	20	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	21	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4650	200	22	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	24	pfi	pfi	NOUN
cana-4650	200	25	652	652	NUM
cana-4650	200	26	0.81	0.81	NUM
cana-4650	200	27	s	s	PART
cana-4650	200	28	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	29	gpu	gpu	NOUN
cana-4650	200	30	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	31	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	200	32	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	200	33	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	34	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	200	35	image	image	NOUN
cana-4650	200	36	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	200	37	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	38	shap	shap	PROPN
cana-4650	200	39	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	200	40	run	run	VERB
cana-4650	200	41	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	200	42	nvidia	nvidia	PROPN
cana-4650	200	43	rtx	rtx	PROPN
cana-4650	200	44	a6000	a6000	PROPN
cana-4650	200	45	gpu	gpu	PROPN
cana-4650	200	46	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	47	while	while	SCONJ
cana-4650	200	48	all	all	DET
cana-4650	200	49	other	other	ADJ
cana-4650	200	50	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	200	51	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	200	52	computed	compute	VERB
cana-4650	200	53	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	200	54	multi	multi	ADJ
cana-4650	200	55	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	200	56	core	core	ADJ
cana-4650	200	57	cpu	cpu	NOUN
cana-4650	200	58	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	59	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	200	60	threads	thread	NOUN
cana-4650	200	61	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	200	62	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	201	1	e.	e.	PROPN
cana-4650	201	2	sparsity	sparsity	PROPN
cana-4650	201	3	control	control	NOUN
cana-4650	201	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	201	5	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	201	6	dimensionality	dimensionality	NOUN
cana-4650	201	7	to	to	PART
cana-4650	201	8	improve	improve	VERB
cana-4650	201	9	readability	readability	NOUN
cana-4650	201	10	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	201	11	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	201	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	201	13	reduce	reduce	VERB
cana-4650	201	14	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cana-4650	201	15	load	load	NOUN
cana-4650	201	16	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	201	17	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	201	18	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	201	19	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	201	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	201	21	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	201	22	retained	retain	VERB
cana-4650	201	23	only	only	ADV
cana-4650	201	24	the	the	DET
cana-4650	201	25	top-5	top-5	PUNCT
cana-4650	201	26	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	201	27	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	201	28	highest	high	ADJ
cana-4650	201	29	attribution	attribution	NOUN
cana-4650	201	30	scores	score	NOUN
cana-4650	201	31	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	202	1	•	•	NOUN
cana-4650	202	2	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	202	3	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	202	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	202	5	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	202	6	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	202	7	constrained	constrain	VERB
cana-4650	202	8	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	202	9	k	k	PROPN
cana-4650	202	10	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	202	11	5	5	NUM
cana-4650	202	12	non	non	ADJ
cana-4650	202	13	-	-	ADJ
cana-4650	202	14	zero	zero	NUM
cana-4650	202	15	weights	weight	NOUN
cana-4650	202	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	203	1	•	•	NUM
cana-4650	203	2	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	203	3	aggregation	aggregation	NOUN
cana-4650	203	4	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	203	5	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-4650	203	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	203	7	mean	mean	ADJ
cana-4650	203	8	intensity	intensity	NOUN
cana-4650	203	9	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	203	10	quadrants	quadrant	NOUN
cana-4650	203	11	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	203	12	was	be	AUX
cana-4650	203	13	tested	test	VERB
cana-4650	203	14	for	for	SCONJ
cana-4650	203	15	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	203	16	to	to	PART
cana-4650	203	17	interpret	interpret	VERB
cana-4650	203	18	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	203	19	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	203	20	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
cana-4650	203	21	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	203	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	204	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	204	2	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	204	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	204	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	204	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	204	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	204	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	204	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	204	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	204	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	204	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	204	12	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	204	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	204	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	205	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	205	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	5	3141	3141	NUM
cana-4650	205	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	205	7	g.	g.	PROPN
cana-4650	205	8	explanation	explanation	PROPN
cana-4650	205	9	quality	quality	NOUN
cana-4650	205	10	summary	summary	NOUN
cana-4650	205	11	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	12	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	205	13	all	all	DET
cana-4650	205	14	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	205	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	16	metric	metric	ADJ
cana-4650	205	17	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	205	18	only	only	ADV
cana-4650	205	19	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	205	20	only	only	ADV
cana-4650	205	21	combined	combined	ADJ
cana-4650	205	22	best	good	ADJ
cana-4650	205	23	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-4650	205	24	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	205	25	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	205	26	0.73	0.73	NUM
cana-4650	205	27	0.77	0.77	NUM
cana-4650	205	28	0.86	0.86	NUM
cana-4650	205	29	moons	moon	NOUN
cana-4650	205	30	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	31	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4650	205	32	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	33	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	205	34	0.84	0.84	NUM
cana-4650	205	35	0.89	0.89	NUM
cana-4650	205	36	0.92	0.92	NUM
cana-4650	205	37	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	205	38	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	39	0.93	0.93	NUM
cana-4650	205	40	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	41	sparsity	sparsity	NOUN
cana-4650	205	42	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	43	mean	mean	NOUN
cana-4650	205	44	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	45	5.2	5.2	NUM
cana-4650	205	46	3.4	3.4	NUM
cana-4650	205	47	3.1	3.1	NUM
cana-4650	205	48	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	205	49	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	50	2.0	2.0	NUM
cana-4650	205	51	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	52	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN
cana-4650	205	53	0.83	0.83	NUM
cana-4650	205	54	0.88	0.88	NUM
cana-4650	205	55	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4650	205	56	iris	iris	NOUN
cana-4650	205	57	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	58	0.95	0.95	NUM
cana-4650	205	59	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	60	3.2.7	3.2.7	NUM
cana-4650	205	61	runtime	runtime	NOUN
cana-4650	205	62	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	205	63	resource	resource	NOUN
cana-4650	205	64	profiling	profiling	NOUN
cana-4650	205	65	we	we	PRON
cana-4650	205	66	also	also	ADV
cana-4650	205	67	recorded	record	VERB
cana-4650	205	68	training	training	NOUN
cana-4650	205	69	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	205	70	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	71	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	205	72	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	205	73	extraction	extraction	NOUN
cana-4650	205	74	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	205	75	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	205	76	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	205	77	inference	inference	NOUN
cana-4650	205	78	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	205	79	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	206	1	below	below	ADV
cana-4650	206	2	is	be	AUX
cana-4650	206	3	an	an	DET
cana-4650	206	4	example	example	NOUN
cana-4650	206	5	timing	timing	NOUN
cana-4650	206	6	profile	profile	NOUN
cana-4650	206	7	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	206	8	the	the	DET
cana-4650	206	9	mnist	mnist	NOUN
cana-4650	206	10	dataset	dataset	PROPN
cana-4650	206	11	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	206	12	task	task	NOUN
cana-4650	206	13	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	206	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	206	15	seconds	second	NOUN
cana-4650	206	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	206	17	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	206	18	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	206	19	extraction	extraction	NOUN
cana-4650	206	20	84.2	84.2	NUM
cana-4650	206	21	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	206	22	training	training	NOUN
cana-4650	206	23	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	206	24	nn	nn	X
cana-4650	206	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	206	26	combined	combine	VERB
cana-4650	206	27	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	206	28	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	206	29	12.8	12.8	NUM
cana-4650	206	30	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	206	31	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	206	32	computation	computation	NOUN
cana-4650	206	33	21.4	21.4	NUM
cana-4650	206	34	average	average	NOUN
cana-4650	206	35	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	206	36	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	206	37	generation	generation	NOUN
cana-4650	206	38	time	time	NOUN
cana-4650	206	39	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	206	40	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	206	41	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	206	42	32.7	32.7	NUM
cana-4650	206	43	seconds	second	NOUN
cana-4650	206	44	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	207	1	summary	summary	NOUN
cana-4650	207	2	table	table	NOUN
cana-4650	207	3	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	207	4	experimental	experimental	ADJ
cana-4650	207	5	configuration	configuration	NOUN
cana-4650	207	6	component	component	NOUN
cana-4650	207	7	value	value	NOUN
cana-4650	207	8	/	/	SYM
cana-4650	207	9	range	range	NOUN
cana-4650	207	10	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	207	11	5	5	NUM
cana-4650	207	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	207	13	total	total	NOUN
cana-4650	207	14	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	207	15	4,150	4,150	NUM
cana-4650	207	16	samples	sample	NOUN
cana-4650	207	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	207	18	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	207	19	dim	dim	NOUN
cana-4650	207	20	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	207	21	0	0	NUM
cana-4650	208	1	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	208	2	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	208	3	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	4	connected	connected	ADJ
cana-4650	208	5	components	component	NOUN
cana-4650	208	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	208	7	loops	loop	NOUN
cana-4650	208	8	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	9	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	208	10	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	208	11	vector	vector	NOUN
cana-4650	208	12	up	up	ADP
cana-4650	208	13	to	to	PART
cana-4650	208	14	602	602	NUM
cana-4650	208	15	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cana-4650	208	16	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-4650	208	17	lr	lr	PROPN
cana-4650	208	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	19	svm	svm	PROPN
cana-4650	208	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	21	rf	rf	ADJ
cana-4650	208	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	23	nn	nn	X
cana-4650	208	24	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4650	208	25	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	208	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	27	auc	auc	NOUN
cana-4650	208	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	29	local	local	ADJ
cana-4650	208	30	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	208	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	32	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	208	33	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	34	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN
cana-4650	208	35	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	36	sparsity	sparsity	NOUN
cana-4650	208	37	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	208	38	tools	tool	NOUN
cana-4650	208	39	shap	shap	NOUN
cana-4650	208	40	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	41	lime	lime	NOUN
cana-4650	208	42	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	43	permutation	permutation	NOUN
cana-4650	208	44	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-4650	208	45	runs	run	VERB
cana-4650	208	46	per	per	ADP
cana-4650	208	47	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	208	48	10	10	NUM
cana-4650	208	49	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	50	averaged	average	VERB
cana-4650	208	51	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	208	52	4	4	NUM
cana-4650	208	53	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	209	1	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
cana-4650	209	2	this	this	DET
cana-4650	209	3	research	research	NOUN
cana-4650	209	4	introduced	introduce	VERB
cana-4650	209	5	a	a	DET
cana-4650	209	6	novel	novel	ADJ
cana-4650	209	7	explainable	explainable	ADJ
cana-4650	209	8	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4650	209	9	framework	framework	NOUN
cana-4650	209	10	grounded	ground	VERB
cana-4650	209	11	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	209	12	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	209	13	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	209	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	209	15	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	209	16	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	209	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	209	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	209	19	leveraging	leverage	VERB
cana-4650	209	20	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	209	21	homology	homology	NOUN
cana-4650	209	22	to	to	PART
cana-4650	209	23	enhance	enhance	VERB
cana-4650	209	24	both	both	DET
cana-4650	209	25	predictive	predictive	ADJ
cana-4650	209	26	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	209	27	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	209	28	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	209	29	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	209	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	210	1	experimental	experimental	ADJ
cana-4650	210	2	results	result	NOUN
cana-4650	210	3	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	210	4	five	five	NUM
cana-4650	210	5	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-4650	210	6	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
cana-4650	210	7	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4650	210	8	combining	combine	VERB
cana-4650	210	9	raw	raw	ADJ
cana-4650	210	10	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	210	11	with	with	ADP
cana-4650	210	12	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	210	13	features	feature	NOUN
cana-4650	210	14	consistently	consistently	ADV
cana-4650	210	15	improved	improve	VERB
cana-4650	210	16	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-4650	210	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	210	18	with	with	SCONJ
cana-4650	210	19	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-4650	210	20	gains	gain	VERB
cana-4650	210	21	up	up	ADP
cana-4650	210	22	to	to	PART
cana-4650	210	23	+8.9	+8.9	NUM
cana-4650	210	24	%	%	NOUN
cana-4650	210	25	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	210	26	explainability	explainability	NOUN
cana-4650	210	27	metrics	metric	NOUN
cana-4650	210	28	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	210	29	fidelity	fidelity	NOUN
cana-4650	210	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	210	31	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN
cana-4650	210	32	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	210	33	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	210	34	stability	stability	NOUN
cana-4650	210	35	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	210	36	reaching	reach	VERB
cana-4650	210	37	up	up	ADP
cana-4650	210	38	to	to	PART
cana-4650	210	39	0.91	0.91	NUM
cana-4650	210	40	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	211	1	tda	tda	NOUN
cana-4650	211	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	211	3	based	base	VERB
cana-4650	211	4	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	211	5	not	not	PART
cana-4650	211	6	only	only	ADV
cana-4650	211	7	achieved	achieve	VERB
cana-4650	211	8	better	well	ADJ
cana-4650	211	9	generalization	generalization	NOUN
cana-4650	211	10	but	but	CCONJ
cana-4650	211	11	also	also	ADV
cana-4650	211	12	produced	produce	VERB
cana-4650	211	13	sparser	sparse	ADJ
cana-4650	211	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	211	15	more	more	ADV
cana-4650	211	16	interpretable	interpretable	ADJ
cana-4650	211	17	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-4650	211	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	212	1	a	a	DET
cana-4650	212	2	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cana-4650	212	3	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cana-4650	212	4	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	212	5	τ	τ	PROPN
cana-4650	212	6	=	=	SYM
cana-4650	212	7	0.010	0.010	NUM
cana-4650	212	8	proved	prove	VERB
cana-4650	212	9	optimal	optimal	ADJ
cana-4650	212	10	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	212	11	balancing	balance	VERB
cana-4650	212	12	noise	noise	NOUN
cana-4650	212	13	reduction	reduction	NOUN
cana-4650	212	14	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	212	15	signal	signal	ADJ
cana-4650	212	16	retention	retention	NOUN
cana-4650	212	17	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	213	1	importantly	importantly	ADV
cana-4650	213	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	213	3	improvements	improvement	NOUN
cana-4650	213	4	were	be	AUX
cana-4650	213	5	statistically	statistically	ADV
cana-4650	213	6	significant	significant	ADJ
cana-4650	213	7	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-4650	213	8	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	213	9	applied	apply	VERB
cana-4650	213	10	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-4650	213	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-4650	213	12	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-4650	213	13	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	213	14	1074	1074	NUM
cana-4650	213	15	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	213	16	133x	133x	NUM
cana-4650	213	17	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	213	18	32	32	NUM
cana-4650	213	19	no	no	NOUN
cana-4650	213	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	214	1	9s	9s	NUM
cana-4650	214	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	214	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-4650	214	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	214	5	3142	3142	NUM
cana-4650	214	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-4650	214	7	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	214	8	robust	robust	ADJ
cana-4650	214	9	across	across	ADP
cana-4650	214	10	various	various	ADJ
cana-4650	214	11	classifier	classifier	NOUN
cana-4650	214	12	types	type	NOUN
cana-4650	214	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	215	1	this	this	DET
cana-4650	215	2	study	study	NOUN
cana-4650	215	3	affirms	affirm	VERB
cana-4650	215	4	that	that	SCONJ
cana-4650	215	5	topological	topological	ADJ
cana-4650	215	6	insights	insight	NOUN
cana-4650	215	7	can	can	AUX
cana-4650	215	8	be	be	AUX
cana-4650	215	9	effectively	effectively	ADV
cana-4650	215	10	integrated	integrate	VERB
cana-4650	215	11	into	into	ADP
cana-4650	215	12	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	215	13	learning	learn	VERB
cana-4650	215	14	to	to	PART
cana-4650	215	15	produce	produce	VERB
cana-4650	215	16	transparent	transparent	ADJ
cana-4650	215	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	215	18	reliable	reliable	ADJ
cana-4650	215	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	215	20	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	215	21	mathematically	mathematically	ADV
cana-4650	215	22	grounded	ground	VERB
cana-4650	215	23	ai	ai	NOUN
cana-4650	215	24	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4650	215	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	216	1	future	future	ADJ
cana-4650	216	2	work	work	NOUN
cana-4650	216	3	will	will	AUX
cana-4650	216	4	explore	explore	VERB
cana-4650	216	5	extending	extend	VERB
cana-4650	216	6	this	this	DET
cana-4650	216	7	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4650	216	8	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	216	9	realtime	realtime	NOUN
cana-4650	216	10	applications	application	NOUN
cana-4650	216	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	216	12	higher	high	ADJ
cana-4650	216	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	216	14	order	order	NOUN
cana-4650	216	15	topology	topology	NOUN
cana-4650	216	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	216	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	216	18	more	more	ADV
cana-4650	216	19	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-4650	216	20	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	216	21	domains	domain	NOUN
cana-4650	216	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	217	1	references	reference	NOUN
cana-4650	217	2	[	[	X
cana-4650	217	3	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	217	4	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	217	5	f.	f.	PROPN
cana-4650	217	6	doshi	doshi	PROPN
cana-4650	217	7	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	217	8	velez	velez	PROPN
cana-4650	217	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	217	10	b.	b.	PROPN
cana-4650	217	11	kim	kim	PROPN
cana-4650	217	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	217	13	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	217	14	towards	towards	ADP
cana-4650	217	15	a	a	DET
cana-4650	217	16	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
cana-4650	217	17	science	science	NOUN
cana-4650	217	18	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	217	19	interpretable	interpretable	ADJ
cana-4650	217	20	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	217	21	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	217	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	217	23	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	217	24	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
cana-4650	217	25	preprint	preprint	VERB
cana-4650	217	26	arxiv:1702.08608	arxiv:1702.08608	NOUN
cana-4650	217	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	217	28	2017	2017	NUM
cana-4650	217	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	218	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	218	2	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	218	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	218	4	c.	c.	PROPN
cana-4650	218	5	rudin	rudin	PROPN
cana-4650	218	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	218	7	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	218	8	stop	stop	VERB
cana-4650	218	9	explaining	explain	VERB
cana-4650	218	10	black	black	ADJ
cana-4650	218	11	box	box	NOUN
cana-4650	218	12	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	218	13	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	218	14	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	218	15	for	for	ADP
cana-4650	218	16	high	high	ADJ
cana-4650	218	17	stakes	stake	NOUN
cana-4650	218	18	decisions	decision	NOUN
cana-4650	218	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	218	20	use	use	VERB
cana-4650	218	21	interpretable	interpretable	ADJ
cana-4650	218	22	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	218	23	instead	instead	ADV
cana-4650	218	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	218	25	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	218	26	nature	nature	NOUN
cana-4650	218	27	machine	machine	NOUN
cana-4650	218	28	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cana-4650	218	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	218	30	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	218	31	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	219	1	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	219	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	219	3	no	no	INTJ
cana-4650	219	4	.	.	NOUN
cana-4650	219	5	5	5	NUM
cana-4650	219	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	219	7	pp	pp	ADJ
cana-4650	219	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	220	1	206–215	206–215	NUM
cana-4650	220	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	220	3	2019	2019	NUM
cana-4650	220	4	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	221	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	221	2	3	3	X
cana-4650	221	3	]	]	X
cana-4650	221	4	w.	w.	PROPN
cana-4650	221	5	samek	samek	PROPN
cana-4650	221	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	221	7	t.	t.	PROPN
cana-4650	221	8	wiegand	wiegand	NOUN
cana-4650	221	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	221	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	221	11	k.-r	k.-r	PROPN
cana-4650	221	12	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	1	müller	müller	PROPN
cana-4650	222	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	3	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	4	explainable	explainable	ADJ
cana-4650	222	5	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cana-4650	222	6	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cana-4650	222	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	8	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cana-4650	222	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	10	visualizing	visualize	VERB
cana-4650	222	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	222	12	interpreting	interpret	VERB
cana-4650	222	13	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-4650	222	14	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-4650	222	15	models	model	NOUN
cana-4650	222	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	17	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	18	itu	itu	PROPN
cana-4650	222	19	journal	journal	PROPN
cana-4650	222	20	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	21	ict	ict	NOUN
cana-4650	222	22	discoveries	discovery	NOUN
cana-4650	222	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	24	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	222	25	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	222	26	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	222	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	28	no	no	INTJ
cana-4650	222	29	.	.	NOUN
cana-4650	222	30	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	222	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	32	pp	pp	ADJ
cana-4650	222	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	34	39–48	39–48	NUM
cana-4650	222	35	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	222	36	2017	2017	NUM
cana-4650	222	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	223	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	223	2	4	4	X
cana-4650	223	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	223	4	s.	s.	PROPN
cana-4650	223	5	lundberg	lundberg	PROPN
cana-4650	223	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	223	7	s.-i	s.-i	PROPN
cana-4650	223	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	224	1	lee	lee	PROPN
cana-4650	224	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	224	3	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	224	4	a	a	DET
cana-4650	224	5	unified	unified	ADJ
cana-4650	224	6	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-4650	224	7	to	to	ADP
cana-4650	224	8	interpreting	interpret	VERB
cana-4650	224	9	model	model	NOUN
cana-4650	224	10	predictions	prediction	NOUN
cana-4650	224	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	224	12	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	224	13	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	224	14	advances	advance	NOUN
cana-4650	224	15	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	224	16	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-4650	224	17	information	information	NOUN
cana-4650	224	18	processing	processing	NOUN
cana-4650	224	19	systems	system	NOUN
cana-4650	224	20	(	(	PUNCT
cana-4650	224	21	neurips	neurip	NOUN
cana-4650	224	22	)	)	PUNCT
cana-4650	224	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	224	24	2017	2017	NUM
cana-4650	224	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	224	26	pp	pp	ADJ
cana-4650	224	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	224	28	4765–4774	4765–4774	NUM
cana-4650	224	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	225	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	225	2	5	5	NUM
cana-4650	225	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	225	4	m.	m.	NOUN
cana-4650	225	5	t.	t.	PROPN
cana-4650	225	6	ribeiro	ribeiro	PROPN
cana-4650	225	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	225	8	s.	s.	PROPN
cana-4650	225	9	singh	singh	PROPN
cana-4650	225	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	225	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	225	12	c.	c.	PROPN
cana-4650	225	13	guestrin	guestrin	PROPN
cana-4650	225	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	225	15	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	225	16	why	why	SCONJ
cana-4650	225	17	should	should	AUX
cana-4650	225	18	i	i	PRON
cana-4650	225	19	trust	trust	VERB
cana-4650	225	20	you	you	PRON
cana-4650	225	21	?	?	PUNCT
cana-4650	226	1	explaining	explain	VERB
cana-4650	226	2	the	the	DET
cana-4650	226	3	predictions	prediction	NOUN
cana-4650	226	4	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	226	5	any	any	DET
cana-4650	226	6	classifier	classifier	NOUN
cana-4650	226	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	226	8	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	226	9	in	in	ADP
cana-4650	226	10	proc	proc	NOUN
cana-4650	226	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	227	1	22nd	22nd	PROPN
cana-4650	227	2	acm	acm	PROPN
cana-4650	227	3	sigkdd	sigkdd	NOUN
cana-4650	227	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	227	5	2016	2016	NUM
cana-4650	227	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	227	7	pp	pp	ADJ
cana-4650	227	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	228	1	1135–1144	1135–1144	NUM
cana-4650	228	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	229	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	229	2	6	6	NUM
cana-4650	229	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	229	4	a.	a.	PROPN
cana-4650	229	5	alvarez	alvarez	PROPN
cana-4650	229	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-4650	229	7	melis	melis	PROPN
cana-4650	229	8	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	229	9	t.	t.	PROPN
cana-4650	229	10	s.	s.	PROPN
cana-4650	229	11	jaakkola	jaakkola	PROPN
cana-4650	229	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	229	13	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	229	14	on	on	ADP
cana-4650	229	15	the	the	DET
cana-4650	229	16	robustness	robustness	NOUN
cana-4650	229	17	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	229	18	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
cana-4650	229	19	methods	method	NOUN
cana-4650	229	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	229	21	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	229	22	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
cana-4650	229	23	preprint	preprint	NOUN
cana-4650	229	24	arxiv:1806.08049	arxiv:1806.08049	NOUN
cana-4650	229	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	229	26	2018	2018	NUM
cana-4650	229	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	230	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	230	2	7	7	X
cana-4650	230	3	]	]	X
cana-4650	230	4	g.	g.	PROPN
cana-4650	230	5	carlsson	carlsson	PROPN
cana-4650	230	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	230	7	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	230	8	topology	topology	NOUN
cana-4650	230	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	230	10	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	230	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	230	12	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	230	13	bulletin	bulletin	NOUN
cana-4650	230	14	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	230	15	the	the	DET
cana-4650	230	16	american	american	PROPN
cana-4650	230	17	mathematical	mathematical	PROPN
cana-4650	230	18	society	society	NOUN
cana-4650	230	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	230	20	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	230	21	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	230	22	46	46	NUM
cana-4650	230	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	230	24	no	no	INTJ
cana-4650	230	25	.	.	NOUN
cana-4650	230	26	2	2	NUM
cana-4650	230	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	230	28	pp	pp	ADJ
cana-4650	230	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	231	1	255–308	255–308	NUM
cana-4650	231	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	231	3	2009	2009	NUM
cana-4650	231	4	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	232	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	232	2	8	8	NUM
cana-4650	232	3	]	]	X
cana-4650	232	4	r.	r.	PROPN
cana-4650	232	5	ghrist	ghrist	PROPN
cana-4650	232	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	232	7	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	232	8	barcodes	barcode	NOUN
cana-4650	232	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	232	10	the	the	DET
cana-4650	232	11	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cana-4650	232	12	topology	topology	NOUN
cana-4650	232	13	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	232	14	data	datum	NOUN
cana-4650	232	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	232	16	"	"	PUNCT
cana-4650	232	17	bulletin	bulletin	NOUN
cana-4650	232	18	of	of	ADP
cana-4650	232	19	the	the	DET
cana-4650	232	20	american	american	PROPN
cana-4650	232	21	mathematical	mathematical	PROPN
cana-4650	232	22	society	society	NOUN
cana-4650	232	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	232	24	vol	vol	NOUN
cana-4650	232	25	.	.	PROPN
cana-4650	232	26	45	45	NUM
cana-4650	232	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	232	28	no	no	INTJ
cana-4650	232	29	.	.	NOUN
cana-4650	232	30	1	1	NUM
cana-4650	232	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	232	32	pp	pp	ADJ
cana-4650	232	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	233	1	61–75	61–75	NUM
cana-4650	233	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	233	3	2008	2008	NUM
cana-4650	233	4	.	.	PUNCT
cana-4650	234	1	[	[	X
cana-4650	234	2	9	9	NUM
cana-4650	234	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-4650	234	4	h.	h.	NOUN
cana-4650	234	5	edelsbrunner	edelsbrunner	NOUN
cana-4650	234	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-4650	234	7	j.	j.	PROPN
cana-4650	234	8	harer	harer	PROPN
cana-4650	234	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	234	10	computational	computational	ADJ
cana-4650	234	11	topology	topology	NOUN
cana-4650	234	12	:	:	PUNCT
cana-4650	234	13	an	an	DET
cana-4650	234	14	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cana-4650	234	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	234	16	american	american	PROPN
cana-4650	234	17	mathematical	mathematical	PROPN
cana-4650	234	18	society	society	NOUN
cana-4650	234	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-4650	234	20	2010	2010	NUM
cana-4650	234	21	.	.	PUNCT