id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
cana-5364	1	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-5364	1	2	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	1	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	1	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-5364	1	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	1	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-5364	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	1	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-5364	1	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	1	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-5364	1	11	vol	vol	VERB
cana-5364	1	12	32	32	NUM
cana-5364	1	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-5364	1	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	1	10s	10	NOUN
cana-5364	2	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	2	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	5	2021	2021	NUM
cana-5364	2	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-5364	2	7	providing	provide	VERB
cana-5364	2	8	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	2	9	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	2	10	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	2	11	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	2	12	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	2	13	using	use	VERB
cana-5364	2	14	post	post	ADJ
cana-5364	2	15	-	-	ADJ
cana-5364	2	16	hoc	hoc	ADJ
cana-5364	2	17	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	2	18	puspendu	puspendu	NOUN
cana-5364	2	19	biswa,1	biswa,1	NOUN
cana-5364	2	20	donavalli	donavalli	X
cana-5364	2	21	haritha,2	haritha,2	X
cana-5364	2	22	1department	1department	NUM
cana-5364	2	23	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	2	24	cse	cse	PROPN
cana-5364	2	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	26	koneru	koneru	PROPN
cana-5364	2	27	lakshmaiah	lakshmaiah	PROPN
cana-5364	2	28	education	education	PROPN
cana-5364	2	29	foundation	foundation	PROPN
cana-5364	2	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	31	vaddeswaram	vaddeswaram	PROPN
cana-5364	2	32	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	33	ap	ap	PROPN
cana-5364	2	34	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	35	india	india	PROPN
cana-5364	2	36	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	37	2department	2department	NUM
cana-5364	2	38	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	2	39	cse	cse	PROPN
cana-5364	2	40	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	41	koneru	koneru	PROPN
cana-5364	2	42	lakshmaiah	lakshmaiah	PROPN
cana-5364	2	43	education	education	PROPN
cana-5364	2	44	foundation	foundation	PROPN
cana-5364	2	45	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	46	vaddeswaram	vaddeswaram	PROPN
cana-5364	2	47	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	48	ap	ap	PROPN
cana-5364	2	49	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	50	india	india	PROPN
cana-5364	2	51	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	52	article	article	NOUN
cana-5364	2	53	history	history	NOUN
cana-5364	2	54	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	55	received	receive	VERB
cana-5364	2	56	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	57	12	12	NUM
cana-5364	2	58	-	-	SYM
cana-5364	2	59	01	01	NUM
cana-5364	2	60	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	61	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	2	62	revised	revise	VERB
cana-5364	2	63	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	64	15	15	NUM
cana-5364	2	65	-	-	NUM
cana-5364	2	66	02	02	NUM
cana-5364	2	67	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	68	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	2	69	accepted	accept	VERB
cana-5364	2	70	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	71	01	01	NUM
cana-5364	2	72	-	-	SYM
cana-5364	2	73	03	03	NUM
cana-5364	2	74	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	75	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	2	76	abstract	abstract	NOUN
cana-5364	2	77	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	78	hate	hate	VERB
cana-5364	2	79	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	2	80	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	2	81	trained	train	VERB
cana-5364	2	82	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	2	83	imbalanced	imbalanced	ADJ
cana-5364	2	84	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-5364	2	85	often	often	ADV
cana-5364	2	86	struggle	struggle	VERB
cana-5364	2	87	to	to	PART
cana-5364	2	88	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
cana-5364	2	89	whether	whether	SCONJ
cana-5364	2	90	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	2	91	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	2	92	such	such	ADJ
cana-5364	2	93	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	2	94	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	95	gay	gay	NOUN
cana-5364	2	96	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	97	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	2	98	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	99	black	black	ADJ
cana-5364	2	100	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	2	101	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	2	102	being	be	AUX
cana-5364	2	103	used	use	VERB
cana-5364	2	104	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	2	105	offensive	offensive	ADJ
cana-5364	2	106	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	2	107	prejudiced	prejudiced	ADJ
cana-5364	2	108	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cana-5364	2	109	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	3	1	this	this	DET
cana-5364	3	2	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	3	3	leads	lead	VERB
cana-5364	3	4	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	3	5	false	false	ADJ
cana-5364	3	6	positives	positive	NOUN
cana-5364	3	7	when	when	SCONJ
cana-5364	3	8	these	these	DET
cana-5364	3	9	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	3	10	appear	appear	VERB
cana-5364	3	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	3	12	as	as	SCONJ
cana-5364	3	13	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	3	14	fail	fail	VERB
cana-5364	3	15	to	to	PART
cana-5364	3	16	grasp	grasp	VERB
cana-5364	3	17	the	the	DET
cana-5364	3	18	contextual	contextual	ADJ
cana-5364	3	19	nuances	nuance	NOUN
cana-5364	3	20	that	that	PRON
cana-5364	3	21	define	define	VERB
cana-5364	3	22	hateful	hateful	ADJ
cana-5364	3	23	usage	usage	NOUN
cana-5364	3	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	4	1	to	to	PART
cana-5364	4	2	address	address	VERB
cana-5364	4	3	this	this	PRON
cana-5364	4	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	4	5	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	4	6	extract	extract	VERB
cana-5364	4	7	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	4	8	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	4	9	jin	jin	NOUN
cana-5364	4	10	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	4	11	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	4	12	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	4	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	4	14	2020	2020	NUM
cana-5364	4	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	4	16	post	post	ADJ
cana-5364	4	17	-	-	ADJ
cana-5364	4	18	hoc	hoc	ADJ
cana-5364	4	19	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	4	20	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	4	21	fine	fine	ADV
cana-5364	4	22	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	4	23	tuned	tune	VERB
cana-5364	4	24	bert	bert	PROPN
cana-5364	4	25	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	4	26	to	to	PART
cana-5364	4	27	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
cana-5364	4	28	identify	identify	VERB
cana-5364	4	29	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	4	30	against	against	ADP
cana-5364	4	31	identity	identity	NOUN
cana-5364	4	32	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	4	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	5	1	building	build	VERB
cana-5364	5	2	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	5	3	these	these	DET
cana-5364	5	4	insights	insight	NOUN
cana-5364	5	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	5	6	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	5	7	introduce	introduce	VERB
cana-5364	5	8	a	a	DET
cana-5364	5	9	novel	novel	ADJ
cana-5364	5	10	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	5	11	technique	technique	NOUN
cana-5364	5	12	that	that	PRON
cana-5364	5	13	leverages	leverage	VERB
cana-5364	5	14	these	these	DET
cana-5364	5	15	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	5	16	to	to	PART
cana-5364	5	17	help	help	VERB
cana-5364	5	18	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	5	19	learn	learn	VERB
cana-5364	5	20	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	5	21	the	the	DET
cana-5364	5	22	surrounding	surround	VERB
cana-5364	5	23	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	5	24	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	5	25	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	5	26	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	5	27	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	5	28	rather	rather	ADV
cana-5364	5	29	than	than	ADP
cana-5364	5	30	relying	rely	VERB
cana-5364	5	31	solely	solely	ADV
cana-5364	5	32	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	5	33	the	the	DET
cana-5364	5	34	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	5	35	themselves	themselves	PRON
cana-5364	5	36	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	6	1	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	6	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-5364	6	3	outperforms	outperform	VERB
cana-5364	6	4	baseline	baseline	ADJ
cana-5364	6	5	methods	method	NOUN
cana-5364	6	6	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	6	7	reducing	reduce	VERB
cana-5364	6	8	false	false	ADJ
cana-5364	6	9	positives	positive	NOUN
cana-5364	6	10	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	6	11	out	out	ADP
cana-5364	6	12	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	6	13	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	6	14	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	6	15	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-5364	6	16	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	6	17	while	while	SCONJ
cana-5364	6	18	maintaining	maintain	VERB
cana-5364	6	19	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	6	20	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cana-5364	6	21	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-5364	6	22	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	6	23	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	6	24	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	6	25	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-5364	6	26	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	6	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	7	1	1	1	X
cana-5364	7	2	.	.	X
cana-5364	7	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cana-5364	7	4	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	7	5	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	7	6	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-5364	7	7	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	7	8	part	part	NOUN
cana-5364	7	9	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	7	10	the	the	DET
cana-5364	7	11	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
cana-5364	7	12	effort	effort	NOUN
cana-5364	7	13	to	to	PART
cana-5364	7	14	limit	limit	VERB
cana-5364	7	15	the	the	DET
cana-5364	7	16	harm	harm	NOUN
cana-5364	7	17	done	do	VERB
cana-5364	7	18	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	7	19	oppressive	oppressive	ADJ
cana-5364	7	20	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	7	21	abusive	abusive	ADJ
cana-5364	7	22	language	language	NOUN
cana-5364	7	23	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	7	24	waldron	waldron	NOUN
cana-5364	7	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	7	26	2012	2012	NUM
cana-5364	7	27	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	7	28	gelber	gelber	NOUN
cana-5364	7	29	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	7	30	mcnamara	mcnamara	PROPN
cana-5364	7	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	7	32	2016	2016	NUM
cana-5364	7	33	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	7	34	gagliardone	gagliardone	NOUN
cana-5364	7	35	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	7	36	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	7	37	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	7	38	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	7	39	2015	2015	NUM
cana-5364	7	40	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	7	41	mohan	mohan	PROPN
cana-5364	7	42	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	7	43	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	7	44	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	7	45	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	7	46	2017	2017	NUM
cana-5364	7	47	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	7	48	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	1	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-5364	8	2	has	have	AUX
cana-5364	8	3	improved	improve	VERB
cana-5364	8	4	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	8	5	access	access	NOUN
cana-5364	8	6	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	8	7	more	more	ADJ
cana-5364	8	8	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	8	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	8	10	more	more	ADV
cana-5364	8	11	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
cana-5364	8	12	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
cana-5364	8	13	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	14	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-5364	8	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	16	mon	mon	PROPN
cana-5364	8	17	dal	dal	PROPN
cana-5364	8	18	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	8	19	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	8	20	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	8	21	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	22	2017	2017	NUM
cana-5364	8	23	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	24	silva	silva	PROPN
cana-5364	8	25	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	8	26	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	8	27	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	8	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	29	2016	2016	NUM
cana-5364	8	30	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	31	del	del	PROPN
cana-5364	8	32	vigna12	vigna12	PROPN
cana-5364	8	33	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	8	34	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	8	35	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	8	36	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	37	2017	2017	NUM
cana-5364	8	38	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	39	basile	basile	PROPN
cana-5364	8	40	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	8	41	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	8	42	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	8	43	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	44	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	8	45	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	46	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	47	but	but	CCONJ
cana-5364	8	48	the	the	DET
cana-5364	8	49	relative	relative	ADJ
cana-5364	8	50	sparsity	sparsity	NOUN
cana-5364	8	51	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	8	52	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	8	53	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	8	54	requires	require	VERB
cana-5364	8	55	sampling	sample	VERB
cana-5364	8	56	using	use	VERB
cana-5364	8	57	keywords	keyword	NOUN
cana-5364	8	58	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	59	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-5364	8	60	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	61	olteanu	olteanu	VERB
cana-5364	8	62	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	8	63	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	8	64	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	8	65	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	66	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	8	67	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	68	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	8	69	sampling	sample	VERB
cana-5364	8	70	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	8	71	environments	environment	NOUN
cana-5364	8	72	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	8	73	unusually	unusually	ADV
cana-5364	8	74	high	high	ADJ
cana-5364	8	75	rates	rate	NOUN
cana-5364	8	76	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	8	77	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	8	78	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	8	79	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	80	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-5364	8	81	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	82	de	de	X
cana-5364	8	83	gibert	gibert	NOUN
cana-5364	8	84	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	8	85	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	8	86	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	8	87	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	88	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	8	89	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	90	hoover	hoover	PROPN
cana-5364	8	91	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	8	92	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	8	93	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	8	94	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	95	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	8	96	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	8	97	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	9	1	modern	modern	ADJ
cana-5364	9	2	text	text	NOUN
cana-5364	9	3	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	9	4	thus	thus	ADV
cana-5364	9	5	struggle	struggle	VERB
cana-5364	9	6	to	to	PART
cana-5364	9	7	learn	learn	VERB
cana-5364	9	8	a	a	DET
cana-5364	9	9	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	9	10	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	9	11	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	9	12	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	9	13	that	that	PRON
cana-5364	9	14	generalizes	generalize	VERB
cana-5364	9	15	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	9	16	realworld	realworld	PROPN
cana-5364	9	17	applications	application	NOUN
cana-5364	9	18	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	9	19	wiegand	wiegand	NOUN
cana-5364	9	20	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	9	21	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	9	22	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	9	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	9	24	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	9	25	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	9	26	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	1	a	a	DET
cana-5364	10	2	specific	specific	ADJ
cana-5364	10	3	problem	problem	NOUN
cana-5364	10	4	found	find	VERB
cana-5364	10	5	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	10	6	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-5364	10	7	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	10	8	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	10	9	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	10	10	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	10	11	their	their	PRON
cana-5364	10	12	over	over	ADP
cana-5364	10	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	14	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
cana-5364	10	15	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	10	16	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	10	17	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	10	18	like	like	ADP
cana-5364	10	19	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	20	muslim	muslim	PROPN
cana-5364	10	21	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	23	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	24	gay	gay	NOUN
cana-5364	10	25	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	27	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	10	28	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	29	black	black	ADJ
cana-5364	10	30	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	32	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	10	33	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	10	34	only	only	ADV
cana-5364	10	35	hate	hate	VERB
cana-5364	10	36	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	10	37	when	when	SCONJ
cana-5364	10	38	combined	combine	VERB
cana-5364	10	39	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	10	40	the	the	DET
cana-5364	10	41	right	right	ADJ
cana-5364	10	42	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	10	43	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	44	dixon	dixon	PROPN
cana-5364	10	45	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	10	46	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	10	47	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	10	48	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	49	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	10	50	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	10	51	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	11	1	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	11	2	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-5364	11	3	1	1	NUM
cana-5364	11	4	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	11	5	see	see	VERB
cana-5364	11	6	two	two	NUM
cana-5364	11	7	documents	document	NOUN
cana-5364	11	8	containing	contain	VERB
cana-5364	11	9	the	the	DET
cana-5364	11	10	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	11	11	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	11	12	black	black	ADJ
cana-5364	11	13	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	11	14	that	that	PRON
cana-5364	11	15	a	a	DET
cana-5364	11	16	finetuned	finetune	VERB
cana-5364	11	17	bert	bert	NOUN
cana-5364	11	18	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	11	19	predicted	predict	VERB
cana-5364	11	20	to	to	PART
cana-5364	11	21	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	11	22	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	11	23	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	11	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	11	25	while	while	SCONJ
cana-5364	11	26	only	only	ADV
cana-5364	11	27	the	the	DET
cana-5364	11	28	second	second	ADJ
cana-5364	11	29	occurs	occur	VERB
cana-5364	11	30	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	11	31	a	a	DET
cana-5364	11	32	hateful	hateful	ADJ
cana-5364	11	33	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	11	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	12	1	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-5364	12	2	text	text	NOUN
cana-5364	12	3	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	12	4	achieve	achieve	VERB
cana-5364	12	5	state	state	NOUN
cana-5364	12	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	12	7	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	12	8	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	12	9	the	the	DET
cana-5364	12	10	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	12	11	art	art	NOUN
cana-5364	12	12	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-5364	12	13	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	12	14	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	12	15	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	12	16	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-5364	12	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	12	18	but	but	CCONJ
cana-5364	12	19	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	12	20	un	un	PROPN
cana-5364	12	21	interpretable	interpretable	ADJ
cana-5364	12	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	12	23	can	can	AUX
cana-5364	12	24	break	break	VERB
cana-5364	12	25	when	when	SCONJ
cana-5364	12	26	presented	present	VERB
cana-5364	12	27	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	12	28	unexpected	unexpected	ADJ
cana-5364	12	29	inputs	input	NOUN
cana-5364	12	30	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	12	31	niven	niven	NOUN
cana-5364	12	32	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	12	33	kao	kao	PROPN
cana-5364	12	34	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	12	35	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	12	36	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	12	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	13	1	it	it	PRON
cana-5364	13	2	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	13	3	thus	thus	ADV
cana-5364	13	4	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cana-5364	13	5	to	to	PART
cana-5364	13	6	contextualize	contextualize	VERB
cana-5364	13	7	a	a	DET
cana-5364	13	8	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	13	9	’s	’s	PART
cana-5364	13	10	treatment	treatment	NOUN
cana-5364	13	11	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	13	12	identifier	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	13	13	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	13	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	14	1	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	14	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-5364	14	3	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	14	4	this	this	DET
cana-5364	14	5	problem	problem	NOUN
cana-5364	14	6	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	14	7	to	to	PART
cana-5364	14	8	use	use	VERB
cana-5364	14	9	the	the	DET
cana-5364	14	10	sampling	sampling	NOUN
cana-5364	14	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	14	12	occlusion	occlusion	NOUN
cana-5364	14	13	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	14	14	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	14	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	14	16	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	14	17	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
cana-5364	14	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	14	19	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	14	20	estimates	estimate	VERB
cana-5364	14	21	modelagnostic	modelagnostic	ADJ
cana-5364	14	22	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	14	23	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	14	24	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	14	25	independent	independent	ADJ
cana-5364	14	26	post	post	ADJ
cana-5364	14	27	-	-	ADJ
cana-5364	14	28	hoc	hoc	ADJ
cana-5364	14	29	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-5364	14	30	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	14	31	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	14	32	jin	jin	NOUN
cana-5364	14	33	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	14	34	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	14	35	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	14	36	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	14	37	2020	2020	NUM
cana-5364	14	38	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	14	39	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	15	2	apply	apply	VERB
cana-5364	15	3	this	this	DET
cana-5364	15	4	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-5364	15	5	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	15	6	the	the	DET
cana-5364	15	7	gab	gab	PROPN
cana-5364	15	8	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	15	9	corpus	corpus	PROPN
cana-5364	15	10	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	11	kennedy	kennedy	PROPN
cana-5364	15	12	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	15	13	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	15	14	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	15	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	16	2020	2020	NUM
cana-5364	15	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	19	a	a	DET
cana-5364	15	20	new	new	ADJ
cana-5364	15	21	corpus	corpus	NOUN
cana-5364	15	22	labeled	label	VERB
cana-5364	15	23	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	15	24	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	25	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	15	26	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	27	based	base	VERB
cana-5364	15	28	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
cana-5364	15	29	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	31	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	15	32	an	an	DET
cana-5364	15	33	annotated	annotate	VERB
cana-5364	15	34	corpus	corpus	NOUN
cana-5364	15	35	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	15	36	the	the	DET
cana-5364	15	37	stormfront	stormfront	ADJ
cana-5364	15	38	white	white	ADJ
cana-5364	15	39	supremacist	supremacist	PROPN
cana-5364	15	40	online	online	PROPN
cana-5364	15	41	forum	forum	PROPN
cana-5364	15	42	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	43	de	de	X
cana-5364	15	44	gibert	gibert	PROPN
cana-5364	15	45	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	15	46	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	15	47	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	15	48	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	49	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	15	50	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	15	51	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	16	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-5364	16	2	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	16	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	16	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-5364	16	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	16	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-5364	16	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	16	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-5364	16	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	16	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-5364	16	11	vol	vol	VERB
cana-5364	16	12	32	32	NUM
cana-5364	16	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-5364	16	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	17	1	10s	10	NOUN
cana-5364	17	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	17	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	17	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	17	5	2022	2022	NUM
cana-5364	17	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	NUM
cana-5364	17	7	based	base	VERB
cana-5364	17	8	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	17	9	the	the	DET
cana-5364	17	10	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	17	11	generated	generate	VERB
cana-5364	17	12	via	via	ADP
cana-5364	17	13	soc	soc	PROPN
cana-5364	17	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	17	15	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	17	16	showed	show	VERB
cana-5364	17	17	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	17	18	were	be	AUX
cana-5364	17	19	biased	bias	VERB
cana-5364	17	20	towards	towards	ADP
cana-5364	17	21	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	17	22	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	17	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	17	24	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	17	25	then	then	ADV
cana-5364	17	26	propose	propose	VERB
cana-5364	17	27	a	a	DET
cana-5364	17	28	novel	novel	NOUN
cana-5364	17	29	regularizationbased	regularizationbase	VERB
cana-5364	17	30	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-5364	17	31	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	17	32	order	order	NOUN
cana-5364	17	33	to	to	PART
cana-5364	17	34	increase	increase	VERB
cana-5364	17	35	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	17	36	sensi	sensi	NOUN
cana-5364	17	37	tivity	tivity	NOUN
cana-5364	17	38	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	17	39	the	the	DET
cana-5364	17	40	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	17	41	surrounding	surround	VERB
cana-5364	17	42	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	17	43	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	17	44	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	18	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	18	2	regularize	regularize	VERB
cana-5364	18	3	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	18	4	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	18	5	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	18	6	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	18	7	at	at	ADP
cana-5364	18	8	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	18	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	18	10	coercing	coerce	VERB
cana-5364	18	11	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	18	12	to	to	PART
cana-5364	18	13	consider	consider	VERB
cana-5364	18	14	the	the	DET
cana-5364	18	15	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	18	16	surrounding	surround	VERB
cana-5364	18	17	them	they	PRON
cana-5364	18	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	19	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	19	2	find	find	VERB
cana-5364	19	3	that	that	SCONJ
cana-5364	19	4	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	19	5	reduces	reduce	VERB
cana-5364	19	6	the	the	DET
cana-5364	19	7	attention	attention	NOUN
cana-5364	19	8	given	give	VERB
cana-5364	19	9	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	19	10	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	19	11	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	19	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	19	13	heightens	heighten	VERB
cana-5364	19	14	the	the	DET
cana-5364	19	15	impor	impor	PROPN
cana-5364	19	16	tance	tance	NOUN
cana-5364	19	17	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	19	18	the	the	DET
cana-5364	19	19	more	more	ADV
cana-5364	19	20	generalizable	generalizable	ADJ
cana-5364	19	21	features	feature	NOUN
cana-5364	19	22	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	19	23	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	19	24	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	19	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	19	26	such	such	ADJ
cana-5364	19	27	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	19	28	dehumanizing	dehumanizing	ADJ
cana-5364	19	29	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	19	30	insulting	insult	VERB
cana-5364	19	31	lan	lan	PROPN
cana-5364	19	32	guage	guage	NOUN
cana-5364	19	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	20	1	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	20	2	experiments	experiment	NOUN
cana-5364	20	3	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	20	4	an	an	DET
cana-5364	20	5	out	out	ADJ
cana-5364	20	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	20	7	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	20	8	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	20	9	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-5364	20	10	test	test	NOUN
cana-5364	20	11	set	set	NOUN
cana-5364	20	12	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	20	13	news	news	NOUN
cana-5364	20	14	articles	article	NOUN
cana-5364	20	15	containing	contain	VERB
cana-5364	20	16	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	20	17	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	20	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	20	19	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	20	20	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	20	21	heuristically	heuristically	ADV
cana-5364	20	22	assumed	assume	VERB
cana-5364	20	23	to	to	PART
cana-5364	20	24	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	20	25	non	non	ADJ
cana-5364	20	26	-	-	ADJ
cana-5364	20	27	hate	hate	ADJ
cana-5364	20	28	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	20	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	20	30	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	20	31	find	find	VERB
cana-5364	20	32	that	that	SCONJ
cana-5364	20	33	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	20	34	greatly	greatly	ADV
cana-5364	20	35	reduces	reduce	VERB
cana-5364	20	36	the	the	DET
cana-5364	20	37	false	false	ADJ
cana-5364	20	38	positive	positive	ADJ
cana-5364	20	39	rate	rate	NOUN
cana-5364	20	40	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	20	41	while	while	SCONJ
cana-5364	20	42	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	20	43	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	20	44	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-5364	20	45	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	20	46	out	out	ADP
cana-5364	20	47	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	20	48	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	20	49	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	20	50	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-5364	20	51	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-5364	20	52	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-5364	20	53	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	20	54	either	either	CCONJ
cana-5364	20	55	maintained	maintain	VERB
cana-5364	20	56	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	20	57	i	i	PRON
cana-5364	20	58	m	m	AUX
cana-5364	20	59	proved	prove	VERB
cana-5364	20	60	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	21	1	2	2	X
cana-5364	21	2	.	.	X
cana-5364	21	3	related	relate	VERB
cana-5364	21	4	work	work	NOUN
cana-5364	21	5	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	21	6	work	work	NOUN
cana-5364	21	7	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	21	8	conceptually	conceptually	ADV
cana-5364	21	9	influenced	influence	VERB
cana-5364	21	10	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	21	11	warner	warner	PROPN
cana-5364	21	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	21	13	hirschberg	hirschberg	PROPN
cana-5364	21	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	21	15	2012	2012	NUM
cana-5364	21	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	21	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	21	18	who	who	PRON
cana-5364	21	19	formulated	formulate	VERB
cana-5364	21	20	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	21	21	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	21	22	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-5364	21	23	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	21	24	disambiguating	disambiguate	VERB
cana-5364	21	25	the	the	DET
cana-5364	21	26	use	use	NOUN
cana-5364	21	27	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	21	28	offensive	offensive	ADJ
cana-5364	21	29	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	21	30	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	21	31	abusive	abusive	ADJ
cana-5364	21	32	versus	versus	ADP
cana-5364	21	33	non	non	ADJ
cana-5364	21	34	-	-	ADJ
cana-5364	21	35	abusive	abusive	ADJ
cana-5364	21	36	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cana-5364	21	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	1	more	more	ADV
cana-5364	22	2	recent	recent	ADJ
cana-5364	22	3	approaches	approach	NOUN
cana-5364	22	4	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	22	5	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	22	6	a	a	DET
cana-5364	22	7	wide	wide	ADJ
cana-5364	22	8	typology	typology	NOUN
cana-5364	22	9	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	22	10	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	22	11	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	22	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	13	waseem	waseem	PROPN
cana-5364	22	14	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	22	15	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	22	16	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	22	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	18	2017	2017	NUM
cana-5364	22	19	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	21	build	build	VERB
cana-5364	22	22	supervised	supervised	ADJ
cana-5364	22	23	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	22	24	trained	train	VERB
cana-5364	22	25	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	22	26	annotated	annotate	VERB
cana-5364	22	27	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	28	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cana-5364	22	29	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	30	waseem	waseem	NOUN
cana-5364	22	31	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	22	32	hovy	hovy	ADJ
cana-5364	22	33	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	34	2016	2016	NUM
cana-5364	22	35	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	36	de	de	X
cana-5364	22	37	gibert	gibert	NOUN
cana-5364	22	38	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	22	39	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	22	40	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	22	41	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	42	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	22	43	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	44	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	22	45	heuristically	heuristically	ADV
cana-5364	22	46	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	47	labeled	label	VERB
cana-5364	22	48	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	49	wulczyn	wulczyn	NOUN
cana-5364	22	50	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	22	51	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	22	52	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	22	53	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	54	2017	2017	NUM
cana-5364	22	55	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	56	olteanu	olteanu	VERB
cana-5364	22	57	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	22	58	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	22	59	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	22	60	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	61	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	22	62	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	22	63	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	22	64	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	23	1	these	these	DET
cana-5364	23	2	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	23	3	suffer	suffer	VERB
cana-5364	23	4	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	23	5	the	the	DET
cana-5364	23	6	highly	highly	ADV
cana-5364	23	7	skewed	skewed	ADJ
cana-5364	23	8	distributions	distribution	NOUN
cana-5364	23	9	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	23	10	language	language	NOUN
cana-5364	23	11	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	23	12	these	these	DET
cana-5364	23	13	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-5364	23	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	23	15	wiegand	wiegand	NOUN
cana-5364	23	16	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	23	17	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	23	18	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	23	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	23	20	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	23	21	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	23	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	24	1	research	research	NOUN
cana-5364	24	2	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	24	3	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	24	4	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	24	5	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-5364	24	6	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	24	7	also	also	ADV
cana-5364	24	8	influences	influence	VERB
cana-5364	24	9	this	this	DET
cana-5364	24	10	work	work	NOUN
cana-5364	24	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	25	1	dixon	dixon	PROPN
cana-5364	25	2	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	25	3	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	25	4	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	26	1	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	26	2	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	26	3	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	26	4	measured	measure	VERB
cana-5364	26	5	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	26	6	mitigated	mitigate	VERB
cana-5364	26	7	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	26	8	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	26	9	toxicity	toxicity	NOUN
cana-5364	26	10	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	26	11	towards	towards	ADP
cana-5364	26	12	social	social	ADJ
cana-5364	26	13	groups	group	NOUN
cana-5364	26	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	26	15	avoiding	avoid	VERB
cana-5364	26	16	undesirable	undesirable	ADJ
cana-5364	26	17	predictions	prediction	NOUN
cana-5364	26	18	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	26	19	toxicity	toxicity	NOUN
cana-5364	26	20	towards	towards	ADP
cana-5364	26	21	innocuous	innocuous	ADJ
cana-5364	26	22	sentences	sentence	NOUN
cana-5364	26	23	containing	contain	VERB
cana-5364	26	24	tokens	token	NOUN
cana-5364	26	25	like	like	ADP
cana-5364	26	26	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	26	27	gay	gay	NOUN
cana-5364	26	28	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	26	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	27	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
cana-5364	27	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	27	3	annotators	annotator	NOUN
cana-5364	27	4	’	'	PUNCT
cana-5364	27	5	biases	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	27	6	towards	towards	ADP
cana-5364	27	7	certain	certain	ADJ
cana-5364	27	8	social	social	ADJ
cana-5364	27	9	groups	group	NOUN
cana-5364	27	10	were	be	AUX
cana-5364	27	11	found	find	VERB
cana-5364	27	12	to	to	PART
cana-5364	27	13	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	27	14	magnified	magnify	VERB
cana-5364	27	15	during	during	ADP
cana-5364	27	16	classifier	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	27	17	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	27	18	mostafazadeh	mostafazadeh	NOUN
cana-5364	27	19	davani	davani	PROPN
cana-5364	27	20	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	27	21	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	27	22	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	28	1	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	28	2	2020	2020	NUM
cana-5364	28	3	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	28	4	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	29	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
cana-5364	29	2	within	within	ADP
cana-5364	29	3	the	the	DET
cana-5364	29	4	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-5364	29	5	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	29	6	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	29	7	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	29	8	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	29	9	abusive	abusive	ADJ
cana-5364	29	10	language	language	NOUN
cana-5364	29	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	29	12	park	park	NOUN
cana-5364	29	13	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	29	14	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	29	15	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	30	1	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	30	2	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	30	3	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	30	4	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	30	5	sap	sap	PROPN
cana-5364	30	6	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	30	7	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	30	8	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	31	1	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	31	2	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	31	3	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	31	4	have	have	AUX
cana-5364	31	5	defined	define	VERB
cana-5364	31	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	31	7	studied	study	VERB
cana-5364	31	8	genderand	genderand	NOUN
cana-5364	31	9	racial-bias.techniques	racial-bias.technique	NOUN
cana-5364	31	10	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	31	11	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	31	12	reduction	reduction	NOUN
cana-5364	31	13	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	31	14	these	these	DET
cana-5364	31	15	settings	setting	NOUN
cana-5364	31	16	include	include	VERB
cana-5364	31	17	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	31	18	augmentation	augmentation	NOUN
cana-5364	31	19	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	31	20	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	31	21	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	31	22	less	less	ADV
cana-5364	31	23	biased	biased	ADJ
cana-5364	31	24	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	31	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	31	26	term	term	NOUN
cana-5364	31	27	swapping	swapping	NOUN
cana-5364	31	28	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	31	29	i.e.	i.e.	X
cana-5364	31	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	31	31	swapping	swap	VERB
cana-5364	31	32	gender	gender	NOUN
cana-5364	31	33	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	31	34	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	31	35	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	31	36	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	31	37	using	use	VERB
cana-5364	31	38	debiased	debiase	VERB
cana-5364	31	39	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	31	40	embeddings	embedding	NOUN
cana-5364	31	41	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	31	42	bolukbasi	bolukbasi	NOUN
cana-5364	31	43	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	31	44	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	31	45	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	31	46	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	31	47	2016	2016	NUM
cana-5364	31	48	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	31	49	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	32	1	complementing	complement	VERB
cana-5364	32	2	these	these	DET
cana-5364	32	3	works	work	NOUN
cana-5364	32	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	32	5	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	32	6	directly	directly	ADV
cana-5364	32	7	manipulate	manipulate	VERB
cana-5364	32	8	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	32	9	’	'	PUNCT
cana-5364	32	10	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cana-5364	32	11	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	32	12	the	the	DET
cana-5364	32	13	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	32	14	surrounding	surround	VERB
cana-5364	32	15	identifier	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	32	16	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	32	17	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	32	18	regularizing	regularize	VERB
cana-5364	32	19	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	32	20	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	32	21	these	these	DET
cana-5364	32	22	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	32	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	1	to	to	PART
cana-5364	33	2	interpret	interpret	VERB
cana-5364	33	3	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	33	4	modulate	modulate	VERB
cana-5364	33	5	fine	fine	ADV
cana-5364	33	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	7	tuned	tune	VERB
cana-5364	33	8	language	language	NOUN
cana-5364	33	9	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	33	10	like	like	ADP
cana-5364	33	11	bert	bert	PROPN
cana-5364	33	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	13	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	33	14	achieve	achieve	VERB
cana-5364	33	15	sota	sota	NOUN
cana-5364	33	16	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-5364	33	17	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	33	18	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	33	19	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	33	20	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-5364	33	21	tasks	task	NOUN
cana-5364	33	22	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	23	maca	maca	PROPN
cana-5364	33	24	vaney	vaney	PROPN
cana-5364	33	25	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	33	26	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	33	27	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	33	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	29	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	33	30	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	31	mandl	mandl	PROPN
cana-5364	33	32	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	33	33	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	33	34	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	33	35	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	36	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	33	37	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	38	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	39	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	33	40	focus	focus	VERB
cana-5364	33	41	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	33	42	post	post	ADJ
cana-5364	33	43	-	-	ADJ
cana-5364	33	44	hoc	hoc	ADJ
cana-5364	33	45	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	33	46	approaches	approach	NOUN
cana-5364	33	47	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	48	guidotti	guidotti	PROPN
cana-5364	33	49	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	33	50	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	33	51	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	33	52	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	53	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	33	54	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	33	55	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	1	these	these	DET
cana-5364	34	2	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	34	3	reveal	reveal	VERB
cana-5364	34	4	either	either	CCONJ
cana-5364	34	5	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	34	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	7	level	level	NOUN
cana-5364	34	8	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	9	ribeiro	ribeiro	PROPN
cana-5364	34	10	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	34	11	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	34	12	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	34	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	14	2016	2016	NUM
cana-5364	34	15	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	16	sundararajan	sundararajan	NOUN
cana-5364	34	17	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	34	18	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	34	19	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	34	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	21	2017	2017	NUM
cana-5364	34	22	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	23	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	34	24	phrase	phrase	ADJ
cana-5364	34	25	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	26	level	level	NOUN
cana-5364	34	27	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	34	28	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	29	murdoch	murdoch	PROPN
cana-5364	34	30	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	34	31	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	34	32	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	34	33	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	34	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	34	35	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	36	singh	singh	PROPN
cana-5364	34	37	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	34	38	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	34	39	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	34	40	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	41	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	34	42	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	34	43	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	34	44	inputs	input	NOUN
cana-5364	34	45	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	34	46	predictions	prediction	NOUN
cana-5364	34	47	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	35	1	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	35	2	rieger	rieger	PROPN
cana-5364	35	3	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	35	4	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	35	5	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	35	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	35	7	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	35	8	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	35	9	liu	liu	PROPN
cana-5364	35	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	35	11	avci	avci	PROPN
cana-5364	35	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	35	13	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	35	14	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	35	15	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	35	16	closely	closely	ADV
cana-5364	35	17	related	relate	VERB
cana-5364	35	18	works	work	NOUN
cana-5364	35	19	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	35	20	regularizing	regularize	VERB
cana-5364	35	21	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	35	22	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	35	23	fair	fair	ADJ
cana-5364	35	24	text	text	NOUN
cana-5364	35	25	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-5364	35	26	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	36	1	however	however	ADV
cana-5364	36	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	36	3	the	the	DET
cana-5364	36	4	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	36	5	methods	method	NOUN
cana-5364	36	6	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	36	7	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	36	8	either	either	ADV
cana-5364	36	9	incompatible	incompatible	ADJ
cana-5364	36	10	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	36	11	bert	bert	PROPN
cana-5364	36	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	36	13	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	36	14	known	know	VERB
cana-5364	36	15	to	to	PART
cana-5364	36	16	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	36	17	inefficient	inefficient	ADJ
cana-5364	36	18	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	36	19	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	36	20	as	as	SCONJ
cana-5364	36	21	discussed	discuss	VERB
cana-5364	36	22	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	36	23	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	36	24	rieger	rieger	PROPN
cana-5364	36	25	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	36	26	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	36	27	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	36	28	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	36	29	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	36	30	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	36	31	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	37	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	37	2	further	far	ADV
cana-5364	37	3	identify	identify	VERB
cana-5364	37	4	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	37	5	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	37	6	different	different	ADJ
cana-5364	37	7	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	37	8	their	their	PRON
cana-5364	37	9	semantics	semantic	NOUN
cana-5364	37	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	37	11	compare	compare	VERB
cana-5364	37	12	two	two	NUM
cana-5364	37	13	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	37	14	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
cana-5364	37	15	that	that	PRON
cana-5364	37	16	can	can	AUX
cana-5364	37	17	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	37	18	regularized	regularize	VERB
cana-5364	37	19	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
cana-5364	37	20	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	37	21	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	37	22	setup	setup	NOUN
cana-5364	37	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	38	1	besides	besides	SCONJ
cana-5364	38	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	38	3	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	38	4	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	38	5	improving	improve	VERB
cana-5364	38	6	counterfactual	counterfactual	ADJ
cana-5364	38	7	fairness	fairness	NOUN
cana-5364	38	8	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	38	9	garg	garg	NOUN
cana-5364	38	10	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	38	11	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	38	12	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	38	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	38	14	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	38	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	38	16	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	38	17	another	another	DET
cana-5364	38	18	closely	closely	ADV
cana-5364	38	19	related	relate	VERB
cana-5364	38	20	line	line	NOUN
cana-5364	38	21	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	38	22	works	work	NOUN
cana-5364	38	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	39	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-5364	39	2	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	39	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	39	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-5364	39	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	39	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-5364	39	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	39	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-5364	39	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	39	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-5364	39	11	vol	vol	VERB
cana-5364	39	12	32	32	NUM
cana-5364	39	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-5364	39	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	40	1	10s	10	NOUN
cana-5364	40	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	40	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	40	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	40	5	2023	2023	NUM
cana-5364	40	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-5364	40	7	3	3	X
cana-5364	40	8	.	.	X
cana-5364	40	9	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	40	10	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	40	11	selected	select	VERB
cana-5364	40	12	two	two	NUM
cana-5364	40	13	public	public	ADJ
cana-5364	40	14	corpora	corpora	NOUN
cana-5364	40	15	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	40	16	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	40	17	experiments	experiment	NOUN
cana-5364	40	18	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	40	19	highlight	highlight	VERB
cana-5364	40	20	the	the	DET
cana-5364	40	21	rhetorical	rhetorical	ADJ
cana-5364	40	22	aspects	aspect	NOUN
cana-5364	40	23	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	40	24	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	40	25	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	40	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	40	27	versus	versus	ADP
cana-5364	40	28	merely	merely	ADV
cana-5364	40	29	the	the	DET
cana-5364	40	30	usage	usage	NOUN
cana-5364	40	31	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	40	32	slurs	slur	NOUN
cana-5364	40	33	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	40	34	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
cana-5364	40	35	offensive	offensive	ADJ
cana-5364	40	36	language	language	NOUN
cana-5364	40	37	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	40	38	see	see	VERB
cana-5364	40	39	davidson	davidson	PROPN
cana-5364	40	40	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	40	41	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	40	42	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	40	43	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	40	44	2017	2017	NUM
cana-5364	40	45	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	40	46	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	1	the	the	DET
cana-5364	41	2	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	3	gab	gab	PROPN
cana-5364	41	4	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	41	5	corpus	corpus	PROPN
cana-5364	41	6	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	7	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	8	ghc	ghc	NOUN
cana-5364	41	9	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	10	kennedy	kennedy	PROPN
cana-5364	41	11	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	41	12	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	41	13	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	41	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	15	2020	2020	NUM
cana-5364	41	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	17	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	41	18	a	a	DET
cana-5364	41	19	large	large	ADJ
cana-5364	41	20	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	21	random	random	ADJ
cana-5364	41	22	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-5364	41	23	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	24	n	n	NOUN
cana-5364	41	25	=	=	NUM
cana-5364	41	26	27,655	27,655	NUM
cana-5364	41	27	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	28	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	41	29	the	the	DET
cana-5364	41	30	pushshift.io	pushshift.io	NUM
cana-5364	41	31	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	41	32	dump	dump	NOUN
cana-5364	41	33	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	41	34	the	the	DET
cana-5364	41	35	gab	gab	PROPN
cana-5364	41	36	network	network	NOUN
cana-5364	41	37	∗	∗	NOUN
cana-5364	41	38	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	39	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	41	40	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	41	41	have	have	AUX
cana-5364	41	42	annotated	annotate	VERB
cana-5364	41	43	according	accord	VERB
cana-5364	41	44	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	41	45	a	a	DET
cana-5364	41	46	typology	typology	NOUN
cana-5364	41	47	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	41	48	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	49	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	41	50	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	51	based	base	VERB
cana-5364	41	52	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
cana-5364	41	53	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	54	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	41	55	a	a	DET
cana-5364	41	56	construct	construct	NOUN
cana-5364	41	57	motivated	motivate	VERB
cana-5364	41	58	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	41	59	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	41	60	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	41	61	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cana-5364	41	62	codes	code	NOUN
cana-5364	41	63	outside	outside	ADP
cana-5364	41	64	the	the	DET
cana-5364	41	65	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cana-5364	41	66	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	41	67	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	41	68	social	social	ADJ
cana-5364	41	69	science	science	NOUN
cana-5364	41	70	research	research	NOUN
cana-5364	41	71	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	41	72	prejudice	prejudice	NOUN
cana-5364	41	73	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	41	74	dehumanization	dehumanization	NOUN
cana-5364	41	75	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	1	gab	gab	PROPN
cana-5364	42	2	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	42	3	a	a	DET
cana-5364	42	4	social	social	ADJ
cana-5364	42	5	network	network	NOUN
cana-5364	42	6	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	42	7	a	a	DET
cana-5364	42	8	high	high	ADJ
cana-5364	42	9	rate	rate	NOUN
cana-5364	42	10	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	42	11	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	42	12	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	42	13	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	14	zannettou	zannettou	NOUN
cana-5364	42	15	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	42	16	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	42	17	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	42	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	19	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	42	20	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	21	lima	lima	PROPN
cana-5364	42	22	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	42	23	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	42	24	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	42	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	26	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	42	27	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	28	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	42	29	populated	populate	VERB
cana-5364	42	30	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	42	31	the	the	DET
cana-5364	42	32	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	33	alt	alt	ADJ
cana-5364	42	34	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	35	right	right	ADJ
cana-5364	42	36	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	37	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	38	anthony	anthony	PROPN
cana-5364	42	39	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	40	2016	2016	NUM
cana-5364	42	41	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	42	benson	benson	PROPN
cana-5364	42	43	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	44	2016	2016	NUM
cana-5364	42	45	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	42	46	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	43	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
cana-5364	43	2	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	43	3	respect	respect	NOUN
cana-5364	43	4	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	43	5	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-5364	43	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	43	7	definitions	definition	NOUN
cana-5364	43	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	43	9	de	de	X
cana-5364	43	10	gibert	gibert	NOUN
cana-5364	43	11	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	43	12	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	43	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	44	1	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	44	2	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	44	3	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	44	4	sampled	sample	VERB
cana-5364	44	5	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	44	6	annotated	annotated	ADJ
cana-5364	44	7	posts	post	NOUN
cana-5364	44	8	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	44	9	the	the	DET
cana-5364	44	10	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	44	11	stormfront	stormfront	ADJ
cana-5364	44	12	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	44	13	web	web	NOUN
cana-5364	44	14	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-5364	44	15	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	44	16	meddaugh	meddaugh	NOUN
cana-5364	44	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	44	18	kay	kay	PROPN
cana-5364	44	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	44	20	2009	2009	NUM
cana-5364	44	21	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	44	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	44	23	annotated	annotate	VERB
cana-5364	44	24	at	at	ADP
cana-5364	44	25	the	the	DET
cana-5364	44	26	sentence	sentence	NOUN
cana-5364	44	27	level	level	NOUN
cana-5364	44	28	according	accord	VERB
cana-5364	44	29	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	44	30	a	a	DET
cana-5364	44	31	similar	similar	ADJ
cana-5364	44	32	annotation	annotation	NOUN
cana-5364	44	33	guide	guide	NOUN
cana-5364	44	34	as	as	SCONJ
cana-5364	44	35	used	use	VERB
cana-5364	44	36	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	44	37	the	the	DET
cana-5364	44	38	ghc	ghc	NOUN
cana-5364	44	39	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	1	train	train	NOUN
cana-5364	45	2	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	45	3	test	test	NOUN
cana-5364	45	4	splits	split	NOUN
cana-5364	45	5	were	be	AUX
cana-5364	45	6	randomly	randomly	ADV
cana-5364	45	7	generated	generate	VERB
cana-5364	45	8	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	45	9	stormfront	stormfront	ADJ
cana-5364	45	10	sentences	sentence	NOUN
cana-5364	45	11	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	12	80/20	80/20	NUM
cana-5364	45	13	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	14	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	45	15	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	16	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	45	17	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	18	taken	take	VERB
cana-5364	45	19	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	45	20	a	a	DET
cana-5364	45	21	positive	positive	ADJ
cana-5364	45	22	binary	binary	ADJ
cana-5364	45	23	label	label	NOUN
cana-5364	45	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	25	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	45	26	a	a	DET
cana-5364	45	27	test	test	NOUN
cana-5364	45	28	set	set	NOUN
cana-5364	45	29	was	be	AUX
cana-5364	45	30	compiled	compile	VERB
cana-5364	45	31	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	45	32	the	the	DET
cana-5364	45	33	ghc	ghc	NOUN
cana-5364	45	34	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	45	35	drawing	draw	VERB
cana-5364	45	36	a	a	DET
cana-5364	45	37	random	random	ADJ
cana-5364	45	38	stratified	stratified	ADJ
cana-5364	45	39	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-5364	45	40	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	45	41	respect	respect	NOUN
cana-5364	45	42	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	45	43	the	the	DET
cana-5364	45	44	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	45	target	target	NOUN
cana-5364	45	46	population	population	NOUN
cana-5364	45	47	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	48	tag	tag	NOUN
cana-5364	45	49	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	50	possible	possible	ADJ
cana-5364	45	51	values	value	NOUN
cana-5364	45	52	including	include	VERB
cana-5364	45	53	race	race	NOUN
cana-5364	45	54	/	/	SYM
cana-5364	45	55	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
cana-5364	45	56	target	target	NOUN
cana-5364	45	57	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	58	gender	gender	NOUN
cana-5364	45	59	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	60	religious	religious	ADJ
cana-5364	45	61	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	62	etc	etc	X
cana-5364	45	63	.	.	X
cana-5364	45	64	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	45	65	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	46	1	a	a	DET
cana-5364	46	2	single	single	ADJ
cana-5364	46	3	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	46	4	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	46	5	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	46	6	label	label	NOUN
cana-5364	46	7	was	be	AUX
cana-5364	46	8	created	create	VERB
cana-5364	46	9	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	46	10	taking	take	VERB
cana-5364	46	11	the	the	DET
cana-5364	46	12	union	union	NOUN
cana-5364	46	13	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	46	14	two	two	NUM
cana-5364	46	15	main	main	ADJ
cana-5364	46	16	labels	label	NOUN
cana-5364	46	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	46	18	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	46	19	human	human	ADJ
cana-5364	46	20	degradation	degradation	NOUN
cana-5364	46	21	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	46	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	46	23	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	46	24	calls	call	VERB
cana-5364	46	25	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	46	26	violence	violence	NOUN
cana-5364	46	27	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	46	28	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	47	1	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	47	2	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	47	3	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	47	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	47	5	ghc	ghc	NOUN
cana-5364	47	6	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	47	7	ghctrain	ghctrain	PROPN
cana-5364	47	8	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	47	9	included	include	VERB
cana-5364	47	10	24,353	24,353	NUM
cana-5364	47	11	posts	post	NOUN
cana-5364	47	12	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	47	13	2,027	2,027	NUM
cana-5364	47	14	labeled	label	VERB
cana-5364	47	15	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	47	16	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	47	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	47	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	47	19	test	test	NOUN
cana-5364	47	20	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	47	21	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	47	22	the	the	DET
cana-5364	47	23	ghc	ghc	NOUN
cana-5364	47	24	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	47	25	ghctest	ghct	ADJ
cana-5364	47	26	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	47	27	included	include	VERB
cana-5364	47	28	1,586	1,586	NUM
cana-5364	47	29	posts	post	NOUN
cana-5364	47	30	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	47	31	372	372	NUM
cana-5364	47	32	labeled	label	VERB
cana-5364	47	33	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	47	34	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	47	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	48	1	stormfront	stormfront	NOUN
cana-5364	48	2	splits	split	VERB
cana-5364	48	3	resulted	result	VERB
cana-5364	48	4	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	48	5	7,896	7,896	NUM
cana-5364	48	6	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	48	7	1,059	1,059	NUM
cana-5364	48	8	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	48	9	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	48	10	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	48	11	sentences	sentence	NOUN
cana-5364	48	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	48	13	979	979	NUM
cana-5364	48	14	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	48	15	122	122	NUM
cana-5364	48	16	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	48	17	validation	validation	NOUN
cana-5364	48	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	48	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	48	20	1,998	1,998	NUM
cana-5364	48	21	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	48	22	246	246	NUM
cana-5364	48	23	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	48	24	test	test	NOUN
cana-5364	48	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	49	1	4	4	X
cana-5364	49	2	.	.	X
cana-5364	49	3	analyzing	analyze	VERB
cana-5364	49	4	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	49	5	identifier	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	49	6	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	49	7	to	to	PART
cana-5364	49	8	establish	establish	VERB
cana-5364	49	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	49	10	define	define	VERB
cana-5364	49	11	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	49	12	problem	problem	NOUN
cana-5364	49	13	more	more	ADV
cana-5364	49	14	quantitatively	quantitatively	ADV
cana-5364	49	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	49	16	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	49	17	analyze	analyze	VERB
cana-5364	49	18	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	49	19	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	49	20	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	49	21	’	'	PUNCT
cana-5364	49	22	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	49	23	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	49	24	wards	ward	NOUN
cana-5364	49	25	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	49	26	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	49	27	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	49	28	how	how	SCONJ
cana-5364	49	29	this	this	PRON
cana-5364	49	30	leads	lead	VERB
cana-5364	49	31	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	49	32	false	false	ADJ
cana-5364	49	33	positive	positive	ADJ
cana-5364	49	34	errors	error	NOUN
cana-5364	49	35	during	during	ADP
cana-5364	49	36	prediction	prediction	NOUN
cana-5364	49	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	50	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	50	2	analyze	analyze	VERB
cana-5364	50	3	the	the	DET
cana-5364	50	4	top	top	ADJ
cana-5364	50	5	features	feature	NOUN
cana-5364	50	6	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	50	7	a	a	DET
cana-5364	50	8	linear	linear	ADJ
cana-5364	50	9	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	50	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	50	11	use	use	VERB
cana-5364	50	12	post	post	ADJ
cana-5364	50	13	-	-	ADJ
cana-5364	50	14	hoc	hoc	ADJ
cana-5364	50	15	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	50	16	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	50	17	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	50	18	a	a	DET
cana-5364	50	19	fine	fine	ADV
cana-5364	50	20	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	50	21	tuned	tune	VERB
cana-5364	50	22	bert	bert	PROPN
cana-5364	50	23	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	50	24	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	50	25	order	order	NOUN
cana-5364	50	26	to	to	PART
cana-5364	50	27	measure	measure	VERB
cana-5364	50	28	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	50	29	’	'	PUNCT
cana-5364	50	30	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	50	31	towards	towards	ADP
cana-5364	50	32	these	these	DET
cana-5364	50	33	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	50	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	51	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	51	2	then	then	ADV
cana-5364	51	3	establish	establish	VERB
cana-5364	51	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	51	5	effect	effect	NOUN
cana-5364	51	6	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	51	7	these	these	DET
cana-5364	51	8	tendencies	tendency	NOUN
cana-5364	51	9	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	51	10	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	51	11	predictions	prediction	NOUN
cana-5364	51	12	using	use	VERB
cana-5364	51	13	an	an	DET
cana-5364	51	14	adversarial	adversarial	ADJ
cana-5364	51	15	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	51	16	like	like	ADJ
cana-5364	51	17	dataset	dataset	NOUN
cana-5364	51	18	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	51	19	new	new	PROPN
cana-5364	51	20	york	york	PROPN
cana-5364	51	21	times	times	PROPN
cana-5364	51	22	articles	article	NOUN
cana-5364	51	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	52	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-5364	52	2	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	52	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	52	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-5364	52	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	52	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-5364	52	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	52	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-5364	52	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	52	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-5364	52	11	vol	vol	VERB
cana-5364	52	12	32	32	NUM
cana-5364	52	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-5364	52	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	53	1	10s	10	NOUN
cana-5364	53	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	53	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	53	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	53	5	2024	2024	NUM
cana-5364	53	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-5364	53	7	4.1	4.1	NUM
cana-5364	53	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	54	1	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-5364	54	2	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	54	3	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	54	4	apply	apply	VERB
cana-5364	54	5	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	54	6	analyses	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	54	7	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	54	8	two	two	NUM
cana-5364	54	9	text	text	NOUN
cana-5364	54	10	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	54	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	54	12	logistic	logistic	ADJ
cana-5364	54	13	regression	regression	NOUN
cana-5364	54	14	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	54	15	bag	bag	NOUN
cana-5364	54	16	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	54	17	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	54	18	features	feature	NOUN
cana-5364	54	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	54	20	a	a	DET
cana-5364	54	21	fine	fine	ADV
cana-5364	54	22	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	54	23	tuned	tune	VERB
cana-5364	54	24	bert	bert	PROPN
cana-5364	54	25	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	54	26	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	54	27	devlin	devlin	PROPN
cana-5364	54	28	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	54	29	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	54	30	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	54	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	54	32	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	54	33	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	54	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	55	1	the	the	DET
cana-5364	55	2	bert	bert	PROPN
cana-5364	55	3	model	model	PROPN
cana-5364	55	4	appends	append	VERB
cana-5364	55	5	a	a	DET
cana-5364	55	6	special	special	ADJ
cana-5364	55	7	cls	cls	NOUN
cana-5364	55	8	token	token	VERB
cana-5364	55	9	at	at	ADP
cana-5364	55	10	the	the	DET
cana-5364	55	11	beginning	beginning	NOUN
cana-5364	55	12	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	55	13	the	the	DET
cana-5364	55	14	input	input	NOUN
cana-5364	55	15	sentence	sentence	NOUN
cana-5364	55	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	55	17	feeds	feed	VERB
cana-5364	55	18	the	the	DET
cana-5364	55	19	sentence	sentence	NOUN
cana-5364	55	20	into	into	ADP
cana-5364	55	21	stacked	stack	VERB
cana-5364	55	22	layers	layer	NOUN
cana-5364	55	23	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	55	24	transformer	transformer	NOUN
cana-5364	55	25	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	55	26	vaswani	vaswani	X
cana-5364	55	27	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	55	28	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	55	29	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	55	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	55	31	2017	2017	NUM
cana-5364	55	32	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	55	33	encoders	encoder	NOUN
cana-5364	55	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	56	1	the	the	DET
cana-5364	56	2	representation	representation	NOUN
cana-5364	56	3	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	56	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	56	5	cls	cls	NOUN
cana-5364	56	6	token	token	VERB
cana-5364	56	7	at	at	ADP
cana-5364	56	8	the	the	DET
cana-5364	56	9	final	final	ADJ
cana-5364	56	10	layer	layer	NOUN
cana-5364	56	11	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	56	12	fed	feed	VERB
cana-5364	56	13	into	into	ADP
cana-5364	56	14	a	a	DET
cana-5364	56	15	linear	linear	ADJ
cana-5364	56	16	layer	layer	NOUN
cana-5364	56	17	to	to	PART
cana-5364	56	18	perform	perform	VERB
cana-5364	56	19	2	2	NUM
cana-5364	56	20	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	56	21	way	way	NOUN
cana-5364	56	22	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-5364	56	23	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	56	24	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	56	25	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	56	26	non	non	ADJ
cana-5364	56	27	-	-	ADJ
cana-5364	56	28	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	56	29	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	56	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	57	1	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	57	2	configuration	configuration	NOUN
cana-5364	57	3	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	57	4	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	57	5	details	detail	NOUN
cana-5364	57	6	can	can	AUX
cana-5364	57	7	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	57	8	found	find	VERB
cana-5364	57	9	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	57	10	the	the	DET
cana-5364	57	11	section	section	NOUN
cana-5364	57	12	a.3	a.3	PROPN
cana-5364	57	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	58	1	4.2	4.2	NUM
cana-5364	58	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	58	3	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	58	4	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cana-5364	58	5	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	58	6	first	first	ADV
cana-5364	58	7	determine	determine	VERB
cana-5364	58	8	a	a	DET
cana-5364	58	9	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	58	10	’s	’s	PART
cana-5364	58	11	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
cana-5364	58	12	towards	towards	ADP
cana-5364	58	13	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	58	14	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	58	15	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	58	16	examining	examine	VERB
cana-5364	58	17	the	the	DET
cana-5364	58	18	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	58	19	them	they	PRON
cana-5364	58	20	selves	self	NOUN
cana-5364	58	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	59	1	linear	linear	ADJ
cana-5364	59	2	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	59	3	can	can	AUX
cana-5364	59	4	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	59	5	examined	examine	VERB
cana-5364	59	6	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	59	7	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	59	8	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	59	9	their	their	PRON
cana-5364	59	10	most	most	ADV
cana-5364	59	11	highly	highly	ADV
cana-5364	59	12	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	59	13	weighted	weight	VERB
cana-5364	59	14	features	feature	NOUN
cana-5364	59	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	60	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	60	2	apply	apply	VERB
cana-5364	60	3	a	a	DET
cana-5364	60	4	post	post	ADJ
cana-5364	60	5	-	-	ADJ
cana-5364	60	6	hoc	hoc	ADJ
cana-5364	60	7	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	60	8	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
cana-5364	60	9	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	60	10	this	this	DET
cana-5364	60	11	task	task	NOUN
cana-5364	60	12	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	60	13	extracting	extract	VERB
cana-5364	60	14	similar	similar	ADJ
cana-5364	60	15	information	information	NOUN
cana-5364	60	16	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	60	17	the	the	DET
cana-5364	60	18	fine	fine	ADV
cana-5364	60	19	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	60	20	tuned	tune	VERB
cana-5364	60	21	methods	method	NOUN
cana-5364	60	22	discussed	discuss	VERB
cana-5364	60	23	above	above	ADV
cana-5364	60	24	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	1	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	61	2	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	61	3	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	61	4	linear	linear	NOUN
cana-5364	61	5	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	61	6	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	61	7	the	the	DET
cana-5364	61	8	top	top	ADJ
cana-5364	61	9	features	feature	NOUN
cana-5364	61	10	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	61	11	a	a	DET
cana-5364	61	12	bag	bag	NOUN
cana-5364	61	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	14	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	61	15	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	16	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	61	17	logistic	logistic	ADJ
cana-5364	61	18	regression	regression	NOUN
cana-5364	61	19	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	61	20	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	61	21	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	61	22	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	61	23	ghctrain	ghctrain	NOUN
cana-5364	61	24	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	25	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	61	26	collected	collect	VERB
cana-5364	61	27	a	a	DET
cana-5364	61	28	set	set	NOUN
cana-5364	61	29	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	61	30	twenty	twenty	NUM
cana-5364	61	31	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	32	five	five	NUM
cana-5364	61	33	identity	identity	NOUN
cana-5364	61	34	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	61	35	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	36	not	not	PART
cana-5364	61	37	restricted	restrict	VERB
cana-5364	61	38	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	61	39	social	social	ADJ
cana-5364	61	40	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	61	41	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	61	42	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	43	but	but	CCONJ
cana-5364	61	44	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	61	45	identifying	identify	VERB
cana-5364	61	46	a	a	DET
cana-5364	61	47	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	61	48	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	61	49	general	general	ADJ
cana-5364	61	50	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	51	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	52	including	include	VERB
cana-5364	61	53	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	54	homosexual	homosexual	ADJ
cana-5364	61	55	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	56	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	57	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	58	muslim	muslim	ADJ
cana-5364	61	59	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	60	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	61	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	61	62	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	63	black	black	ADJ
cana-5364	61	64	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	65	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	61	66	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	61	67	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	61	68	used	use	VERB
cana-5364	61	69	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	61	70	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	61	71	later	later	ADJ
cana-5364	61	72	analyses	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	61	73	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	62	1	the	the	DET
cana-5364	62	2	full	full	ADJ
cana-5364	62	3	list	list	NOUN
cana-5364	62	4	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	62	5	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	62	6	supplementals	supplemental	NOUN
cana-5364	62	7	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	62	8	a.1	a.1	NOUN
cana-5364	62	9	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	62	10	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	63	1	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	63	2	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	63	3	based	base	VERB
cana-5364	63	4	measures	measure	NOUN
cana-5364	63	5	state	state	NOUN
cana-5364	63	6	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	63	7	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	63	8	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	63	9	the	the	DET
cana-5364	63	10	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	63	11	art	art	NOUN
cana-5364	63	12	fine	fine	ADV
cana-5364	63	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	63	14	tuned	tune	VERB
cana-5364	63	15	bert	bert	NOUN
cana-5364	63	16	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	63	17	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	63	18	able	able	ADJ
cana-5364	63	19	to	to	PART
cana-5364	63	20	model	model	VERB
cana-5364	63	21	compli	compli	PROPN
cana-5364	63	22	cated	cat	VERB
cana-5364	63	23	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	63	24	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	63	25	phrase	phrase	NOUN
cana-5364	63	26	compositions	composition	NOUN
cana-5364	63	27	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	63	28	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	63	29	example	example	NOUN
cana-5364	63	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	63	31	some	some	DET
cana-5364	63	32	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	63	33	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	63	34	only	only	ADV
cana-5364	63	35	offensive	offensive	ADJ
cana-5364	63	36	when	when	SCONJ
cana-5364	63	37	they	they	PRON
cana-5364	63	38	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	63	39	com	com	NOUN
cana-5364	63	40	posed	pose	VERB
cana-5364	63	41	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	63	42	specific	specific	ADJ
cana-5364	63	43	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
cana-5364	63	44	groups	group	NOUN
cana-5364	63	45	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	64	1	to	to	PART
cana-5364	64	2	capture	capture	VERB
cana-5364	64	3	this	this	PRON
cana-5364	64	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	64	5	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	64	6	apply	apply	VERB
cana-5364	64	7	a	a	DET
cana-5364	64	8	state	state	NOUN
cana-5364	64	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	64	10	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	64	11	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	64	12	the	the	DET
cana-5364	64	13	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	64	14	art	art	NOUN
cana-5364	64	15	sampling	sampling	NOUN
cana-5364	64	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	64	17	occlusion	occlusion	NOUN
cana-5364	64	18	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	64	19	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	64	20	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	64	21	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
cana-5364	64	22	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	64	23	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	64	24	capable	capable	ADJ
cana-5364	64	25	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	64	26	generating	generate	VERB
cana-5364	64	27	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
cana-5364	64	28	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	64	29	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	64	30	a	a	DET
cana-5364	64	31	prediction	prediction	NOUN
cana-5364	64	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	65	1	to	to	PART
cana-5364	65	2	generate	generate	VERB
cana-5364	65	3	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
cana-5364	65	4	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	65	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	65	6	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	65	7	starts	start	VERB
cana-5364	65	8	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	65	9	assigning	assign	VERB
cana-5364	65	10	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	65	11	score	score	NOUN
cana-5364	65	12	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	65	13	phrases	phrase	NOUN
cana-5364	65	14	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	65	15	a	a	DET
cana-5364	65	16	way	way	NOUN
cana-5364	65	17	that	that	PRON
cana-5364	65	18	eliminates	eliminate	VERB
cana-5364	65	19	compositional	compositional	ADJ
cana-5364	65	20	effect	effect	NOUN
cana-5364	65	21	between	between	ADP
cana-5364	65	22	the	the	DET
cana-5364	65	23	phrase	phrase	NOUN
cana-5364	65	24	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	65	25	its	its	PRON
cana-5364	65	26	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	65	27	xδ	xδ	PROPN
cana-5364	65	28	around	around	ADP
cana-5364	65	29	it	it	PRON
cana-5364	65	30	within	within	ADP
cana-5364	65	31	a	a	DET
cana-5364	65	32	window	window	NOUN
cana-5364	65	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	66	1	given	give	VERB
cana-5364	66	2	a	a	DET
cana-5364	66	3	phrase	phrase	NOUN
cana-5364	66	4	p	p	NOUN
cana-5364	66	5	appearing	appear	VERB
cana-5364	66	6	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	66	7	a	a	DET
cana-5364	66	8	sentence	sentence	NOUN
cana-5364	66	9	x	x	NOUN
cana-5364	66	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	66	11	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	66	12	assigns	assign	VERB
cana-5364	66	13	an	an	DET
cana-5364	66	14	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	66	15	score	score	NOUN
cana-5364	66	16	φ(p	φ(p	PROPN
cana-5364	66	17	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	66	18	to	to	PART
cana-5364	66	19	show	show	VERB
cana-5364	66	20	how	how	SCONJ
cana-5364	66	21	the	the	DET
cana-5364	66	22	phrase	phrase	NOUN
cana-5364	66	23	p	p	NOUN
cana-5364	66	24	contribute	contribute	VERB
cana-5364	66	25	so	so	SCONJ
cana-5364	66	26	that	that	SCONJ
cana-5364	66	27	the	the	DET
cana-5364	66	28	sentence	sentence	NOUN
cana-5364	66	29	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	66	30	classified	classify	VERB
cana-5364	66	31	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	66	32	a	a	DET
cana-5364	66	33	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	66	34	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	66	35	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	67	1	the	the	DET
cana-5364	67	2	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
cana-5364	67	3	computes	compute	VERB
cana-5364	67	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	67	5	difference	difference	NOUN
cana-5364	67	6	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	67	7	the	the	DET
cana-5364	67	8	unnormalized	unnormalize	VERB
cana-5364	67	9	prediction	prediction	NOUN
cana-5364	67	10	score	score	NOUN
cana-5364	67	11	s(x	s(x	PROPN
cana-5364	67	12	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	67	13	between	between	ADP
cana-5364	67	14	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	67	15	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	67	16	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	67	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	67	18	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	67	19	non	non	ADJ
cana-5364	67	20	-	-	NOUN
cana-5364	67	21	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	67	22	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	67	23	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	67	24	the	the	DET
cana-5364	67	25	2	2	NUM
cana-5364	67	26	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	67	27	way	way	NOUN
cana-5364	67	28	classifier	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	67	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	68	1	then	then	ADV
cana-5364	68	2	the	the	DET
cana-5364	68	3	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
cana-5364	68	4	evaluates	evaluate	VERB
cana-5364	68	5	average	average	ADJ
cana-5364	68	6	change	change	NOUN
cana-5364	68	7	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	68	8	s(x	s(x	PROPN
cana-5364	68	9	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	68	10	when	when	SCONJ
cana-5364	68	11	the	the	DET
cana-5364	68	12	phrase	phrase	NOUN
cana-5364	68	13	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	68	14	masked	mask	VERB
cana-5364	68	15	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	68	16	padding	padding	NOUN
cana-5364	68	17	tokens	token	NOUN
cana-5364	68	18	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	68	19	noted	note	VERB
cana-5364	68	20	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	68	21	x\p	x\p	PROPN
cana-5364	68	22	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	68	23	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	68	24	different	different	ADJ
cana-5364	68	25	inputs	input	NOUN
cana-5364	68	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	68	27	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	68	28	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	68	29	the	the	DET
cana-5364	68	30	n	n	NUM
cana-5364	68	31	-word	-word	NOUN
cana-5364	68	32	contexts	context	NOUN
cana-5364	68	33	around	around	ADP
cana-5364	68	34	the	the	DET
cana-5364	68	35	phrase	phrase	NOUN
cana-5364	68	36	p	p	NOUN
cana-5364	68	37	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	68	38	sampled	sample	VERB
cana-5364	68	39	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	68	40	a	a	DET
cana-5364	68	41	pretrained	pretraine	VERB
cana-5364	68	42	language	language	NOUN
cana-5364	68	43	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	68	44	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	68	45	while	while	SCONJ
cana-5364	68	46	other	other	ADJ
cana-5364	68	47	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	68	48	remain	remain	VERB
cana-5364	68	49	the	the	DET
cana-5364	68	50	same	same	ADJ
cana-5364	68	51	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	68	52	the	the	DET
cana-5364	68	53	given	given	NOUN
cana-5364	68	54	x.	x.	NOUN
cana-5364	68	55	formally	formally	ADV
cana-5364	68	56	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	68	57	the	the	DET
cana-5364	68	58	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	68	59	score	score	NOUN
cana-5364	68	60	φ(p	φ(p	PROPN
cana-5364	68	61	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	68	62	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	68	63	measured	measure	VERB
cana-5364	68	64	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	68	65	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	68	66	φ(p	φ(p	PROPN
cana-5364	68	67	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	68	68	=	=	SYM
cana-5364	69	1	exδ	exδ	X
cana-5364	70	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	70	2	s(x	s(x	X
cana-5364	70	3	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	70	4	−	−	PROPN
cana-5364	70	5	s(x\p	s(x\p	PROPN
cana-5364	70	6	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	70	7	]	]	PUNCT
cana-5364	71	1	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	71	2	1	1	X
cana-5364	71	3	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	71	4	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	71	5	the	the	DET
cana-5364	71	6	meantime	meantime	NOUN
cana-5364	71	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	71	8	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	71	9	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
cana-5364	71	10	perform	perform	VERB
cana-5364	71	11	agglomerative	agglomerative	ADJ
cana-5364	71	12	clustering	clustering	NOUN
cana-5364	71	13	over	over	ADP
cana-5364	71	14	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	71	15	to	to	PART
cana-5364	71	16	generate	generate	VERB
cana-5364	71	17	a	a	DET
cana-5364	71	18	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
cana-5364	71	19	layout	layout	NOUN
cana-5364	71	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	72	1	averaged	average	VERB
cana-5364	72	2	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	72	3	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	72	4	level	level	NOUN
cana-5364	72	5	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	72	6	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	72	7	using	use	VERB
cana-5364	72	8	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	72	9	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	72	10	output	output	NOUN
cana-5364	72	11	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	72	12	ghctest	ghct	ADJ
cana-5364	72	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	72	14	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	72	15	compute	compute	VERB
cana-5364	72	16	average	average	ADJ
cana-5364	72	17	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	72	18	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	72	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	72	20	present	present	VERB
cana-5364	72	21	the	the	DET
cana-5364	72	22	top	top	ADJ
cana-5364	72	23	20	20	NUM
cana-5364	72	24	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	72	25	table	table	NOUN
cana-5364	72	26	2	2	NUM
cana-5364	72	27	.	.	X
cana-5364	72	28	4.3	4.3	NUM
cana-5364	72	29	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	72	30	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	72	31	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	72	32	prediction	prediction	NOUN
cana-5364	72	33	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	72	34	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	72	35	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	72	36	can	can	AUX
cana-5364	72	37	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	72	38	over	over	ADP
cana-5364	72	39	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	72	40	attentive	attentive	ADJ
cana-5364	72	41	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	72	42	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	72	43	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	72	44	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	72	45	as	as	SCONJ
cana-5364	72	46	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	72	47	have	have	AUX
cana-5364	72	48	seen	see	VERB
cana-5364	72	49	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	72	50	inspecting	inspect	VERB
cana-5364	72	51	them	they	PRON
cana-5364	72	52	through	through	ADP
cana-5364	72	53	feature	feature	NOUN
cana-5364	72	54	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	72	55	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	72	56	a	a	DET
cana-5364	72	57	post	post	ADJ
cana-5364	72	58	-	-	ADJ
cana-5364	72	59	hoc	hoc	ADJ
cana-5364	72	60	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	72	61	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-5364	72	62	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	73	1	the	the	DET
cana-5364	73	2	effect	effect	NOUN
cana-5364	73	3	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	73	4	this	this	PRON
cana-5364	73	5	during	during	ADP
cana-5364	73	6	prediction	prediction	NOUN
cana-5364	73	7	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	73	8	that	that	SCONJ
cana-5364	73	9	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	73	10	over	over	ADP
cana-5364	73	11	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	73	12	associate	associate	NOUN
cana-5364	73	13	these	these	DET
cana-5364	73	14	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	73	15	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	73	16	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	73	17	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	73	18	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	73	19	choose	choose	VERB
cana-5364	73	20	to	to	PART
cana-5364	73	21	neglect	neglect	VERB
cana-5364	73	22	the	the	DET
cana-5364	73	23	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	73	24	around	around	ADP
cana-5364	73	25	the	the	DET
cana-5364	73	26	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-5364	73	27	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	73	28	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	73	29	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-5364	73	30	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	73	31	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-5364	73	32	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	73	33	1074	1074	NUM
cana-5364	73	34	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	73	35	133x	133x	NUM
cana-5364	73	36	vol	vol	VERB
cana-5364	73	37	32	32	NUM
cana-5364	73	38	no	no	NOUN
cana-5364	73	39	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	74	1	10s	10	NOUN
cana-5364	74	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	74	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	74	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	74	5	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	74	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-5364	74	7	identifier	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	74	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	74	9	resulting	result	VERB
cana-5364	74	10	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	74	11	false	false	ADJ
cana-5364	74	12	positives	positive	NOUN
cana-5364	74	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	75	1	to	to	PART
cana-5364	75	2	provide	provide	VERB
cana-5364	75	3	an	an	DET
cana-5364	75	4	external	external	ADJ
cana-5364	75	5	measure	measure	NOUN
cana-5364	75	6	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	75	7	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	75	8	’	'	PUNCT
cana-5364	75	9	over	over	ADP
cana-5364	75	10	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	75	11	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
cana-5364	75	12	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	75	13	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	75	14	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	75	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	75	16	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	75	17	construct	construct	VERB
cana-5364	75	18	an	an	DET
cana-5364	75	19	adversarial	adversarial	ADJ
cana-5364	75	20	test	test	NOUN
cana-5364	75	21	set	set	NOUN
cana-5364	75	22	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	75	23	new	new	PROPN
cana-5364	75	24	york	york	PROPN
cana-5364	75	25	times	times	PROPN
cana-5364	75	26	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	75	27	nyt	nyt	PROPN
cana-5364	75	28	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	75	29	articles	article	NOUN
cana-5364	75	30	that	that	PRON
cana-5364	75	31	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	75	32	filtered	filter	VERB
cana-5364	75	33	to	to	PART
cana-5364	75	34	contain	contain	VERB
cana-5364	75	35	a	a	DET
cana-5364	75	36	balanced	balanced	ADJ
cana-5364	75	37	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	75	38	random	random	ADJ
cana-5364	75	39	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-5364	75	40	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	75	41	the	the	DET
cana-5364	75	42	twenty	twenty	NUM
cana-5364	75	43	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	75	44	five	five	NUM
cana-5364	75	45	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	75	46	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	75	47	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	75	48	section	section	NOUN
cana-5364	75	49	a.1	a.1	NUM
cana-5364	75	50	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	75	51	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	76	1	this	this	PRON
cana-5364	76	2	gives	give	VERB
cana-5364	76	3	us	we	PRON
cana-5364	76	4	12	12	NUM
cana-5364	76	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	76	6	500	500	NUM
cana-5364	76	7	documents	document	NOUN
cana-5364	76	8	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	76	9	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	76	10	devoid	devoid	ADJ
cana-5364	76	11	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	76	12	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	76	13	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	76	14	as	as	SCONJ
cana-5364	76	15	defined	define	VERB
cana-5364	76	16	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	76	17	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	76	18	typologies	typology	NOUN
cana-5364	76	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	76	20	excepting	except	VERB
cana-5364	76	21	quotation	quotation	NOUN
cana-5364	76	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	77	1	it	it	PRON
cana-5364	77	2	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	77	3	key	key	ADJ
cana-5364	77	4	for	for	SCONJ
cana-5364	77	5	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	77	6	to	to	PART
cana-5364	77	7	not	not	PART
cana-5364	77	8	ignore	ignore	VERB
cana-5364	77	9	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	77	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	77	11	but	but	CCONJ
cana-5364	77	12	to	to	PART
cana-5364	77	13	match	match	VERB
cana-5364	77	14	them	they	PRON
cana-5364	77	15	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	77	16	the	the	DET
cana-5364	77	17	right	right	ADJ
cana-5364	77	18	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	77	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	78	1	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-5364	78	2	2	2	NUM
cana-5364	78	3	shows	show	VERB
cana-5364	78	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	78	5	effect	effect	NOUN
cana-5364	78	6	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	78	7	ignoring	ignore	VERB
cana-5364	78	8	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	78	9	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	78	10	random	random	ADJ
cana-5364	78	11	subsets	subset	NOUN
cana-5364	78	12	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	78	13	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	78	14	ranging	range	VERB
cana-5364	78	15	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	78	16	size	size	NOUN
cana-5364	78	17	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	78	18	0	0	NUM
cana-5364	78	19	to	to	PART
cana-5364	78	20	25	25	NUM
cana-5364	78	21	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	78	22	removed	remove	VERB
cana-5364	78	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	78	24	with	with	SCONJ
cana-5364	78	25	each	each	DET
cana-5364	78	26	subset	subset	VERB
cana-5364	78	27	sample	sample	NOUN
cana-5364	78	28	size	size	NOUN
cana-5364	78	29	repeated	repeat	VERB
cana-5364	78	30	5	5	NUM
cana-5364	78	31	times	time	NOUN
cana-5364	78	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	79	1	decreased	decrease	VERB
cana-5364	79	2	rates	rate	NOUN
cana-5364	79	3	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	79	4	false	false	ADJ
cana-5364	79	5	positives	positive	NOUN
cana-5364	79	6	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	79	7	the	the	DET
cana-5364	79	8	nyt	nyt	NOUN
cana-5364	79	9	set	set	NOUN
cana-5364	79	10	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	79	11	accompanied	accompany	VERB
cana-5364	79	12	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	79	13	poor	poor	ADJ
cana-5364	79	14	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-5364	79	15	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	79	16	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	79	17	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	79	18	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-5364	79	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	80	1	5	5	X
cana-5364	80	2	.	.	X
cana-5364	80	3	contextualizing	contextualize	VERB
cana-5364	80	4	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	80	5	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	80	6	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	80	7	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	80	8	have	have	AUX
cana-5364	80	9	shown	show	VERB
cana-5364	80	10	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	80	11	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	80	12	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	80	13	to	to	PART
cana-5364	80	14	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	80	15	oversensitive	oversensitive	ADJ
cana-5364	80	16	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	80	17	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	80	18	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	80	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	80	20	unable	unable	ADJ
cana-5364	80	21	to	to	PART
cana-5364	80	22	learn	learn	VERB
cana-5364	80	23	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	80	24	the	the	DET
cana-5364	80	25	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	80	26	surrounding	surround	VERB
cana-5364	80	27	these	these	DET
cana-5364	80	28	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	80	29	during	during	ADP
cana-5364	80	30	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	80	31	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	81	1	to	to	PART
cana-5364	81	2	address	address	VERB
cana-5364	81	3	this	this	DET
cana-5364	81	4	problem	problem	NOUN
cana-5364	81	5	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	81	6	state	state	NOUN
cana-5364	81	7	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	81	8	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	81	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	81	10	the	the	DET
cana-5364	81	11	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	81	12	art	art	NOUN
cana-5364	81	13	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	81	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	81	15	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	81	16	propose	propose	VERB
cana-5364	81	17	that	that	SCONJ
cana-5364	81	18	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	81	19	can	can	AUX
cana-5364	81	20	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	81	21	regularized	regularize	VERB
cana-5364	81	22	to	to	PART
cana-5364	81	23	give	give	VERB
cana-5364	81	24	no	no	DET
cana-5364	81	25	explained	explain	VERB
cana-5364	81	26	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	81	27	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	81	28	identifier	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	81	29	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	81	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	82	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	82	2	explain	explain	VERB
cana-5364	82	3	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	82	4	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-5364	82	5	as	as	ADV
cana-5364	82	6	well	well	ADV
cana-5364	82	7	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	82	8	a	a	DET
cana-5364	82	9	naive	naive	ADJ
cana-5364	82	10	baseline	baseline	NOUN
cana-5364	82	11	based	base	VERB
cana-5364	82	12	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	82	13	removing	remove	VERB
cana-5364	82	14	these	these	DET
cana-5364	82	15	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	82	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	83	1	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	83	2	removal	removal	NOUN
cana-5364	83	3	baseline	baseline	PROPN
cana-5364	83	4	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	84	1	the	the	DET
cana-5364	84	2	simplest	simple	ADJ
cana-5364	84	3	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-5364	84	4	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	84	5	to	to	PART
cana-5364	84	6	remove	remove	VERB
cana-5364	84	7	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	84	8	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	84	9	altogether	altogether	ADV
cana-5364	84	10	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	85	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	85	2	re	re	AUX
cana-5364	85	3	move	move	VERB
cana-5364	85	4	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	85	5	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	85	6	the	the	DET
cana-5364	85	7	term	term	NOUN
cana-5364	85	8	list	list	NOUN
cana-5364	85	9	found	find	VERB
cana-5364	85	10	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	85	11	section	section	NOUN
cana-5364	85	12	a.1	a.1	PUNCT
cana-5364	85	13	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	85	14	both	both	DET
cana-5364	85	15	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	85	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	85	17	testing	testing	NOUN
cana-5364	85	18	sentences	sentence	NOUN
cana-5364	85	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	86	1	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	86	2	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	86	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	87	1	given	give	VERB
cana-5364	87	2	that	that	DET
cana-5364	87	3	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	87	4	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	87	5	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	87	6	fully	fully	ADV
cana-5364	87	7	differentiable	differentiable	ADJ
cana-5364	87	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	87	9	during	during	ADP
cana-5364	87	10	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	87	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	87	12	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	87	13	regularize	regularize	VERB
cana-5364	87	14	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	87	15	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	87	16	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	87	17	the	the	DET
cana-5364	87	18	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	87	19	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	87	20	to	to	PART
cana-5364	87	21	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	87	22	close	close	ADJ
cana-5364	87	23	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	87	24	0	0	NUM
cana-5364	87	25	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	87	26	addition	addition	NOUN
cana-5364	87	27	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	87	28	the	the	DET
cana-5364	87	29	classifica	classifica	PROPN
cana-5364	87	30	tion	tion	PROPN
cana-5364	87	31	objective	objective	PROPN
cana-5364	87	32	lr	lr	PROPN
cana-5364	87	33	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	88	1	the	the	DET
cana-5364	88	2	combined	combined	ADJ
cana-5364	88	3	learning	learning	NOUN
cana-5364	88	4	objective	objective	NOUN
cana-5364	88	5	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	88	6	written	write	VERB
cana-5364	88	7	as	as	SCONJ
cana-5364	88	8	follows	follow	VERB
cana-5364	88	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	89	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-5364	89	2	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	89	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	89	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-5364	89	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	89	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-5364	89	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	89	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-5364	89	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	89	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-5364	89	11	vol	vol	VERB
cana-5364	89	12	32	32	NUM
cana-5364	89	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-5364	89	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	90	1	10s	10	NOUN
cana-5364	90	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	90	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	90	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	90	5	2026	2026	NUM
cana-5364	90	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-5364	91	1	l	l	NOUN
cana-5364	91	2	=	=	PUNCT
cana-5364	91	3	lr	lr	X
cana-5364	91	4	+	+	NUM
cana-5364	91	5	α	α	PROPN
cana-5364	91	6	σ	σ	NOUN
cana-5364	92	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	92	2	φ(w)]2	φ(w)]2	NOUN
cana-5364	92	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	92	4	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	92	5	2	2	X
cana-5364	92	6	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	92	7	w∈x∩s	w∈x∩s	NOUN
cana-5364	92	8	where	where	SCONJ
cana-5364	92	9	s	s	VERB
cana-5364	92	10	notes	note	NOUN
cana-5364	92	11	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	92	12	the	the	DET
cana-5364	92	13	set	set	NOUN
cana-5364	92	14	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	92	15	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	92	16	names	name	NOUN
cana-5364	92	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	92	18	x	x	PUNCT
cana-5364	92	19	notes	note	NOUN
cana-5364	92	20	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	92	21	the	the	DET
cana-5364	92	22	input	input	NOUN
cana-5364	92	23	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	92	24	sequence	sequence	NOUN
cana-5364	92	25	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	93	1	α	α	PROPN
cana-5364	93	2	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	93	3	a	a	DET
cana-5364	93	4	hyperpa	hyperpa	NOUN
cana-5364	93	5	rameter	rameter	NOUN
cana-5364	93	6	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	93	7	the	the	DET
cana-5364	93	8	strength	strength	NOUN
cana-5364	93	9	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	93	10	the	the	DET
cana-5364	93	11	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	93	12	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	94	1	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	94	2	addition	addition	NOUN
cana-5364	94	3	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	94	4	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	94	5	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	94	6	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	94	7	also	also	ADV
cana-5364	94	8	experiment	experiment	VERB
cana-5364	94	9	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	94	10	regularizing	regularize	VERB
cana-5364	94	11	input	input	NOUN
cana-5364	94	12	occlusion	occlusion	NOUN
cana-5364	94	13	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	94	14	oc	oc	NOUN
cana-5364	94	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	94	16	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	94	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	94	18	defined	define	VERB
cana-5364	94	19	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	94	20	the	the	DET
cana-5364	94	21	prediction	prediction	NOUN
cana-5364	94	22	change	change	NOUN
cana-5364	94	23	when	when	SCONJ
cana-5364	94	24	a	a	DET
cana-5364	94	25	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	94	26	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	94	27	phrase	phrase	NOUN
cana-5364	94	28	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	94	29	masked	mask	VERB
cana-5364	94	30	out	out	ADP
cana-5364	94	31	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	94	32	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	94	33	bypass	bypass	VERB
cana-5364	94	34	the	the	DET
cana-5364	94	35	sampling	sample	VERB
cana-5364	94	36	step	step	NOUN
cana-5364	94	37	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	94	38	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	94	39	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	95	1	6	6	X
cana-5364	95	2	.	.	X
cana-5364	95	3	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	95	4	experiments	experiment	NOUN
cana-5364	95	5	6.1	6.1	NUM
cana-5364	95	6	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	96	1	experiment	experiment	NOUN
cana-5364	96	2	details	detail	NOUN
cana-5364	96	3	balancing	balance	VERB
cana-5364	96	4	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-5364	96	5	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	96	6	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	96	7	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	96	8	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-5364	96	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	96	10	the	the	DET
cana-5364	96	11	nyt	nyt	PROPN
cana-5364	96	12	test	test	NOUN
cana-5364	96	13	set	set	VERB
cana-5364	96	14	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	96	15	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	96	16	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
cana-5364	96	17	measure	measure	NOUN
cana-5364	96	18	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	96	19	how	how	SCONJ
cana-5364	96	20	well	well	ADV
cana-5364	96	21	a	a	DET
cana-5364	96	22	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	96	23	has	have	AUX
cana-5364	96	24	learned	learn	VERB
cana-5364	96	25	the	the	DET
cana-5364	96	26	contexts	context	NOUN
cana-5364	96	27	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	96	28	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	96	29	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	96	30	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	96	31	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	96	32	used	use	VERB
cana-5364	96	33	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	96	34	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	96	35	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	96	36	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	97	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	97	2	apply	apply	VERB
cana-5364	97	3	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	97	4	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	97	5	approach	approach	NOUN
cana-5364	97	6	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	97	7	this	this	DET
cana-5364	97	8	task	task	NOUN
cana-5364	97	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	97	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	97	11	compare	compare	VERB
cana-5364	97	12	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	97	13	a	a	DET
cana-5364	97	14	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	97	15	removal	removal	NOUN
cana-5364	97	16	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cana-5364	97	17	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	97	18	the	the	DET
cana-5364	97	19	finetuned	finetune	VERB
cana-5364	97	20	bert	bert	PROPN
cana-5364	97	21	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	97	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	98	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	98	2	repeat	repeat	VERB
cana-5364	98	3	the	the	DET
cana-5364	98	4	process	process	NOUN
cana-5364	98	5	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	98	6	both	both	CCONJ
cana-5364	98	7	the	the	DET
cana-5364	98	8	ghc	ghc	NOUN
cana-5364	98	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	98	10	stormfront	stormfront	NOUN
cana-5364	98	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	98	12	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
cana-5364	98	13	test	test	NOUN
cana-5364	98	14	set	set	VERB
cana-5364	98	15	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	98	16	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	98	17	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-5364	98	18	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	98	19	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	98	20	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-5364	98	21	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	98	22	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cana-5364	98	23	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	98	24	the	the	DET
cana-5364	98	25	nyt	nyt	PROPN
cana-5364	98	26	test	test	NOUN
cana-5364	98	27	set	set	VERB
cana-5364	98	28	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	99	1	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	99	2	the	the	DET
cana-5364	99	3	ghc	ghc	NOUN
cana-5364	99	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	99	5	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	99	6	used	use	VERB
cana-5364	99	7	the	the	DET
cana-5364	99	8	full	full	ADJ
cana-5364	99	9	list	list	NOUN
cana-5364	99	10	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	99	11	25	25	NUM
cana-5364	99	12	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	99	13	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	99	14	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	99	15	stormfront	stormfront	NOUN
cana-5364	99	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	99	17	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	99	18	used	use	VERB
cana-5364	99	19	the	the	DET
cana-5364	99	20	10	10	NUM
cana-5364	99	21	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	99	22	which	which	PRON
cana-5364	99	23	were	be	AUX
cana-5364	99	24	also	also	ADV
cana-5364	99	25	found	find	VERB
cana-5364	99	26	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	99	27	the	the	DET
cana-5364	99	28	top	top	ADJ
cana-5364	99	29	predictive	predictive	ADJ
cana-5364	99	30	features	feature	NOUN
cana-5364	99	31	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	99	32	linear	linear	PROPN
cana-5364	99	33	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	99	34	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	99	35	the	the	DET
cana-5364	99	36	stormfront	stormfront	ADJ
cana-5364	99	37	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	99	38	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	100	1	congruently	congruently	ADV
cana-5364	100	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	100	3	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	100	4	stormfront	stormfront	NOUN
cana-5364	100	5	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	100	6	filtered	filter	VERB
cana-5364	100	7	the	the	DET
cana-5364	100	8	nyt	nyt	PROPN
cana-5364	100	9	corpus	corpus	NOUN
cana-5364	100	10	to	to	PART
cana-5364	100	11	only	only	ADV
cana-5364	100	12	contain	contain	VERB
cana-5364	100	13	these	these	DET
cana-5364	100	14	10	10	NUM
cana-5364	100	15	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	100	16	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	100	17	n	n	NOUN
cana-5364	100	18	=	=	NUM
cana-5364	100	19	5,000	5,000	NUM
cana-5364	100	20	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	100	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	101	1	6.2	6.2	NUM
cana-5364	101	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	102	1	results	result	NOUN
cana-5364	102	2	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-5364	102	3	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	102	4	reported	report	VERB
cana-5364	102	5	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	102	6	table	table	NOUN
cana-5364	102	7	1	1	NUM
cana-5364	102	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	103	1	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	103	2	the	the	DET
cana-5364	103	3	ghc	ghc	NOUN
cana-5364	103	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	103	5	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	103	6	see	see	VERB
cana-5364	103	7	an	an	DET
cana-5364	103	8	improvement	improvement	NOUN
cana-5364	103	9	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	103	10	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	103	11	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	103	12	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-5364	103	13	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	103	14	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	103	15	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-5364	103	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	103	17	as	as	ADV
cana-5364	103	18	well	well	ADV
cana-5364	103	19	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	103	20	an	an	DET
cana-5364	103	21	improvement	improvement	NOUN
cana-5364	103	22	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	103	23	false	false	ADJ
cana-5364	103	24	positive	positive	ADJ
cana-5364	103	25	reduction	reduction	NOUN
cana-5364	103	26	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	103	27	the	the	DET
cana-5364	103	28	nyt	nyt	PROPN
cana-5364	103	29	corpus	corpus	NOUN
cana-5364	103	30	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	104	1	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	104	2	storm	storm	NOUN
cana-5364	104	3	front	front	NOUN
cana-5364	104	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	104	5	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	104	6	see	see	VERB
cana-5364	104	7	the	the	DET
cana-5364	104	8	same	same	ADJ
cana-5364	104	9	improvements	improvement	NOUN
cana-5364	104	10	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	104	11	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	104	12	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	104	13	domain	domain	NOUN
cana-5364	104	14	f1	f1	NOUN
cana-5364	104	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	104	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	104	17	nyt	nyt	NOUN
cana-5364	104	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	105	1	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	105	2	the	the	DET
cana-5364	105	3	ghc	ghc	NOUN
cana-5364	105	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	105	5	the	the	DET
cana-5364	105	6	most	most	ADV
cana-5364	105	7	marked	mark	VERB
cana-5364	105	8	dif	dif	ADJ
cana-5364	105	9	ference	ference	NOUN
cana-5364	105	10	between	between	ADP
cana-5364	105	11	bert+wr	bert+wr	PROPN
cana-5364	105	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	105	13	bert+soc	bert+soc	NOUN
cana-5364	105	14	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	105	15	increased	increase	VERB
cana-5364	105	16	recall	recall	NOUN
cana-5364	105	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	105	18	suggesting	suggest	VERB
cana-5364	105	19	that	that	SCONJ
cana-5364	105	20	baseline	baseline	NOUN
cana-5364	105	21	removal	removal	NOUN
cana-5364	105	22	largely	largely	ADV
cana-5364	105	23	mitigates	mitigate	VERB
cana-5364	105	24	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	105	25	towards	towards	ADP
cana-5364	105	26	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	105	27	at	at	ADP
cana-5364	105	28	the	the	DET
cana-5364	105	29	cost	cost	NOUN
cana-5364	105	30	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	105	31	more	more	ADV
cana-5364	105	32	false	false	ADJ
cana-5364	105	33	negatives	negative	NOUN
cana-5364	105	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	106	1	as	as	SCONJ
cana-5364	106	2	discussed	discuss	VERB
cana-5364	106	3	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	106	4	section	section	NOUN
cana-5364	106	5	4.2	4.2	NUM
cana-5364	106	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	106	7	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	106	8	eliminates	eliminate	VERB
cana-5364	106	9	the	the	DET
cana-5364	106	10	compositional	compositional	ADJ
cana-5364	106	11	effects	effect	NOUN
cana-5364	106	12	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	106	13	a	a	DET
cana-5364	106	14	given	give	VERB
cana-5364	106	15	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	106	16	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	106	17	phrase	phrase	NOUN
cana-5364	106	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	107	1	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	107	2	a	a	DET
cana-5364	107	3	result	result	NOUN
cana-5364	107	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	107	5	regularizing	regularize	VERB
cana-5364	107	6	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	107	7	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	107	8	does	do	AUX
cana-5364	107	9	not	not	PART
cana-5364	107	10	prohibit	prohibit	VERB
cana-5364	107	11	the	the	DET
cana-5364	107	12	model	model	NOUN
cana-5364	107	13	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	107	14	utilizing	utilize	VERB
cana-5364	107	15	contextual	contextual	ADJ
cana-5364	107	16	information	information	NOUN
cana-5364	107	17	related	relate	VERB
cana-5364	107	18	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	107	19	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	107	20	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	107	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	108	1	this	this	PRON
cana-5364	108	2	can	can	AUX
cana-5364	108	3	possibly	possibly	ADV
cana-5364	108	4	explain	explain	VERB
cana-5364	108	5	the	the	DET
cana-5364	108	6	improved	improved	ADJ
cana-5364	108	7	performance	performance	NOUN
cana-5364	108	8	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	108	9	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	108	10	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	108	11	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-5364	108	12	relative	relative	ADJ
cana-5364	108	13	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	108	14	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	108	15	removal	removal	NOUN
cana-5364	108	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	109	1	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	109	2	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	109	3	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	109	4	regularized	regularize	VERB
cana-5364	109	5	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	109	6	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	109	7	determined	determine	VERB
cana-5364	109	8	that	that	SCONJ
cana-5364	109	9	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	109	10	improves	improve	VERB
cana-5364	109	11	a	a	DET
cana-5364	109	12	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	109	13	focus	focus	VERB
cana-5364	109	14	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	109	15	non	non	ADJ
cana-5364	109	16	-	-	ADJ
cana-5364	109	17	identifier	identifier	ADJ
cana-5364	109	18	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	109	19	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	109	20	prediction	prediction	NOUN
cana-5364	109	21	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	110	1	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	110	2	table	table	NOUN
cana-5364	110	3	2	2	NUM
cana-5364	110	4	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	110	5	show	show	VERB
cana-5364	110	6	the	the	DET
cana-5364	110	7	changes	change	NOUN
cana-5364	110	8	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	110	9	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	110	10	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	110	11	as	as	SCONJ
cana-5364	110	12	measured	measure	VERB
cana-5364	110	13	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	110	14	soc	soc	PROPN
cana-5364	110	15	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	111	1	identity	identity	NOUN
cana-5364	111	2	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	111	3	’	'	PUNCT
cana-5364	111	4	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	111	5	decreases	decrease	VERB
cana-5364	111	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	111	7	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	111	8	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	111	9	also	also	ADV
cana-5364	111	10	see	see	VERB
cana-5364	111	11	a	a	DET
cana-5364	111	12	significant	significant	ADJ
cana-5364	111	13	increase	increase	NOUN
cana-5364	111	14	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	111	15	importance	importance	NOUN
cana-5364	111	16	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	111	17	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	111	18	related	relate	VERB
cana-5364	111	19	to	to	PART
cana-5364	111	20	hate	hate	VERB
cana-5364	111	21	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	111	22	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	111	23	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	111	24	poisoned	poison	VERB
cana-5364	111	25	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	111	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	111	27	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	111	28	blamed	blame	VERB
cana-5364	111	29	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	111	30	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	111	31	etc	etc	X
cana-5364	111	32	.	.	X
cana-5364	111	33	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	112	1	suggesting	suggest	VERB
cana-5364	112	2	that	that	SCONJ
cana-5364	112	3	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	112	4	have	have	AUX
cana-5364	112	5	learned	learn	VERB
cana-5364	112	6	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	112	7	the	the	DET
cana-5364	112	8	identifier	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	112	9	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	112	10	’	'	PUNCT
cana-5364	112	11	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	112	12	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	113	1	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-5364	113	2	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	113	3	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	113	4	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-5364	113	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	113	6	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-5364	113	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	113	8	1074	1074	NUM
cana-5364	113	9	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	113	10	133x	133x	NUM
cana-5364	113	11	vol	vol	VERB
cana-5364	113	12	32	32	NUM
cana-5364	113	13	no	no	NOUN
cana-5364	113	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	114	1	10s	10	NOUN
cana-5364	114	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	114	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	114	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	114	5	2027	2027	NUM
cana-5364	114	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-5364	114	7	visualizing	visualize	VERB
cana-5364	114	8	effects	effect	NOUN
cana-5364	114	9	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	114	10	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	114	11	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	114	12	can	can	AUX
cana-5364	114	13	further	far	ADV
cana-5364	114	14	see	see	VERB
cana-5364	114	15	the	the	DET
cana-5364	114	16	effect	effect	NOUN
cana-5364	114	17	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	114	18	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	114	19	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	114	20	considering	consider	VERB
cana-5364	114	21	figure	figure	NOUN
cana-5364	114	22	3	3	NUM
cana-5364	114	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	114	24	where	where	SCONJ
cana-5364	114	25	hierarchically	hierarchically	ADV
cana-5364	114	26	clustered	clustered	ADJ
cana-5364	114	27	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	114	28	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	114	29	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	114	30	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	114	31	visualized	visualize	VERB
cana-5364	114	32	before	before	ADP
cana-5364	114	33	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	114	34	after	after	ADP
cana-5364	114	35	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	114	36	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	114	37	correcting	correct	VERB
cana-5364	114	38	a	a	DET
cana-5364	114	39	false	false	ADJ
cana-5364	114	40	positive	positive	NOUN
cana-5364	114	41	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	115	1	7	7	X
cana-5364	115	2	.	.	X
cana-5364	115	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cana-5364	115	4	&	&	CCONJ
cana-5364	115	5	future	future	ADJ
cana-5364	115	6	work	work	NOUN
cana-5364	115	7	regularizing	regularize	VERB
cana-5364	115	8	soc	soc	NOUN
cana-5364	115	9	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	115	10	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	115	11	group	group	NOUN
cana-5364	115	12	identifiers	identifier	NOUN
cana-5364	115	13	tunes	tune	NOUN
cana-5364	115	14	hate	hate	VERB
cana-5364	115	15	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	115	16	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	115	17	to	to	PART
cana-5364	115	18	be	be	AUX
cana-5364	115	19	more	more	ADJ
cana-5364	115	20	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	115	21	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
cana-5364	115	22	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	115	23	less	less	ADV
cana-5364	115	24	reliant	reliant	ADJ
cana-5364	115	25	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	115	26	high	high	ADJ
cana-5364	115	27	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	115	28	frequency	frequency	NOUN
cana-5364	115	29	words	word	NOUN
cana-5364	115	30	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	115	31	imbalanced	imbalanced	ADJ
cana-5364	115	32	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	115	33	sets	set	NOUN
cana-5364	115	34	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	116	1	complementing	complement	VERB
cana-5364	116	2	prior	prior	ADJ
cana-5364	116	3	work	work	NOUN
cana-5364	116	4	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	116	5	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	116	6	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-5364	116	7	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	116	8	removal	removal	NOUN
cana-5364	116	9	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	116	10	the	the	DET
cana-5364	116	11	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	116	12	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	116	13	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	116	14	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	116	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	116	16	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	116	17	other	other	ADJ
cana-5364	116	18	settings	setting	NOUN
cana-5364	116	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	116	20	our	our	PRON
cana-5364	116	21	method	method	NOUN
cana-5364	116	22	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	116	23	directly	directly	ADV
cana-5364	116	24	integrated	integrate	VERB
cana-5364	116	25	into	into	ADP
cana-5364	116	26	transformer	transformer	NOUN
cana-5364	116	27	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	116	28	based	base	VERB
cana-5364	116	29	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	116	30	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	116	31	does	do	AUX
cana-5364	116	32	not	not	PART
cana-5364	116	33	rely	rely	VERB
cana-5364	116	34	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	116	35	data	datum	NOUN
cana-5364	116	36	augmentation	augmentation	NOUN
cana-5364	116	37	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	117	1	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	117	2	such	such	ADJ
cana-5364	117	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	117	4	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-5364	117	5	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	117	6	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	117	7	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-5364	117	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	117	9	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-5364	117	10	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	117	11	1074	1074	NUM
cana-5364	117	12	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	117	13	133x	133x	NUM
cana-5364	117	14	vol	vol	VERB
cana-5364	117	15	32	32	NUM
cana-5364	117	16	no	no	NOUN
cana-5364	117	17	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	118	1	10s	10	NOUN
cana-5364	118	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	118	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	118	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	118	5	2028	2028	NUM
cana-5364	118	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-5364	119	1	it	it	PRON
cana-5364	119	2	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	119	3	an	an	DET
cana-5364	119	4	encouraging	encouraging	ADJ
cana-5364	119	5	technique	technique	NOUN
cana-5364	119	6	towards	towards	ADP
cana-5364	119	7	directing	direct	VERB
cana-5364	119	8	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	119	9	’	'	PUNCT
cana-5364	119	10	internal	internal	ADJ
cana-5364	119	11	representation	representation	NOUN
cana-5364	119	12	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	119	13	target	target	NOUN
cana-5364	119	14	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
cana-5364	119	15	via	via	ADP
cana-5364	119	16	lexical	lexical	ADJ
cana-5364	119	17	anchors	anchor	NOUN
cana-5364	119	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	120	1	future	future	ADJ
cana-5364	120	2	work	work	NOUN
cana-5364	120	3	includes	include	VERB
cana-5364	120	4	direct	direct	ADJ
cana-5364	120	5	extension	extension	NOUN
cana-5364	120	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	120	7	validation	validation	NOUN
cana-5364	120	8	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	120	9	this	this	DET
cana-5364	120	10	technique	technique	NOUN
cana-5364	120	11	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	120	12	other	other	ADJ
cana-5364	120	13	language	language	NOUN
cana-5364	120	14	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	120	15	such	such	ADJ
cana-5364	120	16	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	120	17	gpt-2	gpt-2	PUNCT
cana-5364	120	18	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	120	19	radford	radford	PROPN
cana-5364	120	20	et	et	PROPN
cana-5364	120	21	al	al	PROPN
cana-5364	120	22	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	120	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	120	24	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	120	25	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	120	26	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	120	27	experimenting	experiment	VERB
cana-5364	120	28	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	120	29	other	other	ADJ
cana-5364	120	30	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	120	31	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	120	32	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	120	33	offensive	offensive	ADJ
cana-5364	120	34	language	language	NOUN
cana-5364	120	35	datasets	dataset	NOUN
cana-5364	120	36	;	;	PUNCT
cana-5364	120	37	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	120	38	experimenting	experiment	VERB
cana-5364	120	39	with	with	ADP
cana-5364	120	40	these	these	DET
cana-5364	120	41	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	120	42	other	other	ADJ
cana-5364	120	43	sets	set	NOUN
cana-5364	120	44	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	120	45	identity	identity	NOUN
cana-5364	120	46	terms	term	NOUN
cana-5364	120	47	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	121	1	also	also	ADV
cana-5364	121	2	motivated	motivate	VERB
cana-5364	121	3	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	121	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	121	5	present	present	ADJ
cana-5364	121	6	work	work	NOUN
cana-5364	121	7	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	121	8	the	the	DET
cana-5364	121	9	more	more	ADV
cana-5364	121	10	general	general	ADJ
cana-5364	121	11	pursuit	pursuit	NOUN
cana-5364	121	12	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	121	13	integrating	integrate	VERB
cana-5364	121	14	structure	structure	NOUN
cana-5364	121	15	into	into	ADP
cana-5364	121	16	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-5364	121	17	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	121	18	like	like	ADP
cana-5364	121	19	bert	bert	PROPN
cana-5364	121	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	122	1	regularized	regularize	VERB
cana-5364	122	2	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	122	3	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	122	4	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
cana-5364	122	5	increases	increase	VERB
cana-5364	122	6	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
cana-5364	122	7	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	122	8	the	the	DET
cana-5364	122	9	compositionality	compositionality	NOUN
cana-5364	122	10	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	122	11	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	122	12	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	122	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	122	14	but	but	CCONJ
cana-5364	122	15	the	the	DET
cana-5364	122	16	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
cana-5364	122	17	remain	remain	VERB
cana-5364	122	18	highly	highly	ADV
cana-5364	122	19	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-5364	122	20	rhetorically	rhetorically	ADV
cana-5364	122	21	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	122	22	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cana-5364	122	23	to	to	PART
cana-5364	122	24	learn	learn	VERB
cana-5364	122	25	through	through	ADP
cana-5364	122	26	supervision	supervision	NOUN
cana-5364	122	27	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	123	1	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	123	2	ex	ex	PRON
cana-5364	123	3	ample	ample	ADJ
cana-5364	123	4	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	123	5	this	this	DET
cana-5364	123	6	post	post	NOUN
cana-5364	123	7	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	123	8	the	the	DET
cana-5364	123	9	ghc	ghc	NOUN
cana-5364	123	10	requires	require	VERB
cana-5364	123	11	background	background	NOUN
cana-5364	123	12	information	information	NOUN
cana-5364	123	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	123	14	reasoning	reason	VERB
cana-5364	123	15	across	across	ADP
cana-5364	123	16	sentences	sentence	NOUN
cana-5364	123	17	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	123	18	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	123	19	der	der	ADJ
cana-5364	123	20	to	to	PART
cana-5364	123	21	classify	classify	VERB
cana-5364	123	22	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	123	23	offensive	offensive	ADJ
cana-5364	123	24	or	or	CCONJ
cana-5364	123	25	prejudiced	prejudiced	ADJ
cana-5364	123	26	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	123	27	“	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	123	28	donald	donald	NOUN
cana-5364	123	29	trump	trump	NOUN
cana-5364	123	30	received	receive	VERB
cana-5364	123	31	much	much	ADJ
cana-5364	123	32	criticism	criticism	NOUN
cana-5364	123	33	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	123	34	referring	refer	VERB
cana-5364	123	35	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	123	36	haiti	haiti	PROPN
cana-5364	123	37	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	123	38	el	el	PROPN
cana-5364	123	39	salvador	salvador	PROPN
cana-5364	123	40	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	123	41	africa	africa	PROPN
cana-5364	123	42	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	123	43	‘	'	PUNCT
cana-5364	123	44	shitholes	shithole	NOUN
cana-5364	123	45	’	'	PUNCT
cana-5364	123	46	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	124	1	he	he	PRON
cana-5364	124	2	was	be	AUX
cana-5364	124	3	simply	simply	ADV
cana-5364	124	4	speaking	speak	VERB
cana-5364	124	5	the	the	DET
cana-5364	124	6	truth	truth	NOUN
cana-5364	124	7	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	124	8	”	"	PUNCT
cana-5364	125	1	the	the	DET
cana-5364	125	2	examples	example	NOUN
cana-5364	125	3	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	125	4	presented	present	VERB
cana-5364	125	5	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	125	6	see	see	VERB
cana-5364	125	7	appendix	appendix	NOUN
cana-5364	125	8	4	4	NUM
cana-5364	125	9	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	125	10	5	5	NUM
cana-5364	125	11	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	125	12	show	show	VERB
cana-5364	125	13	that	that	SCONJ
cana-5364	125	14	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	125	15	leads	lead	VERB
cana-5364	125	16	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	125	17	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	125	18	that	that	PRON
cana-5364	125	19	are	be	AUX
cana-5364	125	20	context	context	NOUN
cana-5364	125	21	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	125	22	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
cana-5364	125	23	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	125	24	a	a	DET
cana-5364	125	25	degree	degree	NOUN
cana-5364	125	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	125	27	but	but	CCONJ
cana-5364	125	28	not	not	PART
cana-5364	125	29	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	125	30	the	the	DET
cana-5364	125	31	extent	extent	NOUN
cana-5364	125	32	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	125	33	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cana-5364	125	34	over	over	ADP
cana-5364	125	35	sentences	sentence	NOUN
cana-5364	125	36	like	like	ADP
cana-5364	125	37	those	those	PRON
cana-5364	125	38	above	above	ADV
cana-5364	125	39	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	126	1	we	we	PRON
cana-5364	126	2	hope	hope	VERB
cana-5364	126	3	that	that	SCONJ
cana-5364	126	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	126	5	present	present	ADJ
cana-5364	126	6	work	work	NOUN
cana-5364	126	7	can	can	AUX
cana-5364	126	8	motivate	motivate	VERB
cana-5364	126	9	more	more	ADJ
cana-5364	126	10	attempts	attempt	NOUN
cana-5364	126	11	to	to	PART
cana-5364	126	12	inject	inject	VERB
cana-5364	126	13	more	more	ADJ
cana-5364	126	14	structure	structure	NOUN
cana-5364	126	15	into	into	ADP
cana-5364	126	16	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	126	17	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	126	18	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-5364	126	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	127	1	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cana-5364	127	2	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
cana-5364	127	3	offer	offer	VERB
cana-5364	127	4	a	a	DET
cana-5364	127	5	window	window	NOUN
cana-5364	127	6	into	into	ADP
cana-5364	127	7	complex	complex	ADJ
cana-5364	127	8	predictive	predictive	ADJ
cana-5364	127	9	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	127	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	127	11	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	127	12	regularization	regularization	NOUN
cana-5364	127	13	as	as	ADP
cana-5364	127	14	per	per	ADP
cana-5364	127	15	formed	form	VERB
cana-5364	127	16	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	127	17	this	this	DET
cana-5364	127	18	work	work	NOUN
cana-5364	127	19	can	can	AUX
cana-5364	127	20	improve	improve	VERB
cana-5364	127	21	models	model	NOUN
cana-5364	127	22	’	'	PUNCT
cana-5364	127	23	internal	internal	ADJ
cana-5364	127	24	representations	representation	NOUN
cana-5364	127	25	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	127	26	target	target	NOUN
cana-5364	127	27	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
cana-5364	127	28	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	128	1	acknowledgments	acknowledgment	NOUN
cana-5364	128	2	this	this	DET
cana-5364	128	3	research	research	NOUN
cana-5364	128	4	was	be	AUX
cana-5364	128	5	sponsored	sponsor	VERB
cana-5364	128	6	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	128	7	part	part	NOUN
cana-5364	128	8	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	128	9	nsf	nsf	NOUN
cana-5364	128	10	career	career	NOUN
cana-5364	128	11	bcs-1846531	bcs-1846531	NOUN
cana-5364	128	12	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	128	13	morteza	morteza	NOUN
cana-5364	128	14	dehghani	dehghani	PROPN
cana-5364	128	15	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	128	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	129	1	xiang	xiang	PROPN
cana-5364	129	2	ren	ren	PROPN
cana-5364	129	3	’s	’s	PART
cana-5364	129	4	research	research	NOUN
cana-5364	129	5	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	129	6	based	base	VERB
cana-5364	129	7	upon	upon	SCONJ
cana-5364	129	8	work	work	NOUN
cana-5364	129	9	supported	support	VERB
cana-5364	129	10	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	129	11	part	part	NOUN
cana-5364	129	12	by	by	ADP
cana-5364	129	13	the	the	DET
cana-5364	129	14	office	office	NOUN
cana-5364	129	15	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	129	16	the	the	DET
cana-5364	129	17	director	director	NOUN
cana-5364	129	18	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	129	19	national	national	ADJ
cana-5364	129	20	intel	intel	PROPN
cana-5364	129	21	ligence	ligence	PROPN
cana-5364	129	22	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	129	23	odni	odni	NOUN
cana-5364	129	24	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	129	25	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	129	26	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cana-5364	129	27	advanced	advanced	ADJ
cana-5364	129	28	research	research	NOUN
cana-5364	129	29	projects	project	NOUN
cana-5364	129	30	activity	activity	NOUN
cana-5364	129	31	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	129	32	iarpa	iarpa	ADJ
cana-5364	129	33	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	129	34	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	129	35	via	via	ADP
cana-5364	129	36	contract	contract	NOUN
cana-5364	129	37	no	no	NOUN
cana-5364	129	38	.	.	NOUN
cana-5364	129	39	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	129	40	19051600007	19051600007	NUM
cana-5364	129	41	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	129	42	united	united	PROPN
cana-5364	129	43	states	states	PROPN
cana-5364	129	44	office	office	PROPN
cana-5364	129	45	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	129	46	naval	naval	ADJ
cana-5364	129	47	research	research	NOUN
cana-5364	129	48	under	under	ADP
cana-5364	129	49	contract	contract	NOUN
cana-5364	129	50	no	no	INTJ
cana-5364	129	51	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	130	1	n660011924033	n660011924033	PROPN
cana-5364	130	2	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	130	3	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	130	4	nsf	nsf	NOUN
cana-5364	130	5	sma	sma	NOUN
cana-5364	130	6	18	18	NUM
cana-5364	130	7	-	-	SYM
cana-5364	130	8	29268	29268	NUM
cana-5364	130	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	131	1	references	reference	NOUN
cana-5364	131	2	[	[	X
cana-5364	131	3	1	1	NUM
cana-5364	131	4	]	]	X
cana-5364	131	5	andrew	andrew	PROPN
cana-5364	131	6	anthony	anthony	PROPN
cana-5364	131	7	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	131	8	2016	2016	NUM
cana-5364	131	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	132	1	inside	inside	ADP
cana-5364	132	2	the	the	DET
cana-5364	132	3	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	132	4	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	132	5	filled	fill	VERB
cana-5364	132	6	echo	echo	NOUN
cana-5364	132	7	chamber	chamber	NOUN
cana-5364	132	8	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	132	9	racism	racism	NOUN
cana-5364	132	10	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	132	11	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
cana-5364	132	12	theories	theory	NOUN
cana-5364	132	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	133	1	the	the	DET
cana-5364	133	2	guardian	guardian	NOUN
cana-5364	133	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	133	4	18	18	NUM
cana-5364	133	5	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	134	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	134	2	2	2	NUM
cana-5364	134	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-5364	134	4	valerio	valerio	PROPN
cana-5364	134	5	basile	basile	PROPN
cana-5364	134	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	134	7	cristina	cristina	PROPN
cana-5364	134	8	bosco	bosco	PROPN
cana-5364	134	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	134	10	elisabetta	elisabetta	PROPN
cana-5364	134	11	fersini	fersini	PROPN
cana-5364	134	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	134	13	debora	debora	PROPN
cana-5364	134	14	nozza	nozza	PROPN
cana-5364	134	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	134	16	viviana	viviana	PROPN
cana-5364	134	17	patti	patti	PROPN
cana-5364	134	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	134	19	francisco	francisco	PROPN
cana-5364	134	20	manuel	manuel	PROPN
cana-5364	134	21	rangel	rangel	PROPN
cana-5364	134	22	pardo	pardo	PROPN
cana-5364	134	23	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	134	24	paolo	paolo	PROPN
cana-5364	134	25	rosso	rosso	NOUN
cana-5364	134	26	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	134	27	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	134	28	manuela	manuela	PROPN
cana-5364	134	29	sanguinetti	sanguinetti	PROPN
cana-5364	134	30	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	134	31	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	134	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	135	1	semeval-2019	semeval-2019	VERB
cana-5364	135	2	task	task	NOUN
cana-5364	135	3	5	5	NUM
cana-5364	135	4	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	135	5	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
cana-5364	135	6	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-5364	135	7	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	135	8	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	135	9	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	135	10	against	against	ADP
cana-5364	135	11	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
cana-5364	135	12	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	135	13	women	woman	NOUN
cana-5364	135	14	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	135	15	twitter	twitter	NOUN
cana-5364	135	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	136	1	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	136	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cana-5364	136	3	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	136	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	136	5	13th	13th	ADJ
cana-5364	136	6	international	international	ADJ
cana-5364	136	7	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cana-5364	136	8	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	136	9	semantic	semantic	ADJ
cana-5364	136	10	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cana-5364	136	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	136	12	pages	page	NOUN
cana-5364	136	13	54–63	54–63	NUM
cana-5364	136	14	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	137	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	137	2	3	3	X
cana-5364	137	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-5364	137	4	thor	thor	PROPN
cana-5364	137	5	benson	benson	PROPN
cana-5364	137	6	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	138	1	2016	2016	NUM
cana-5364	138	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	139	1	inside	inside	ADP
cana-5364	139	2	the	the	DET
cana-5364	139	3	twitter	twitter	NOUN
cana-5364	139	4	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	139	5	racists	racist	NOUN
cana-5364	139	6	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	139	7	gab	gab	VERB
cana-5364	139	8	the	the	DET
cana-5364	139	9	site	site	NOUN
cana-5364	139	10	where	where	SCONJ
cana-5364	139	11	milo	milo	PROPN
cana-5364	139	12	yiannopoulos	yiannopoulos	NOUN
cana-5364	139	13	goes	go	VERB
cana-5364	139	14	to	to	PART
cana-5364	139	15	troll	troll	NOUN
cana-5364	139	16	now	now	ADV
cana-5364	139	17	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	140	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	140	2	4	4	X
cana-5364	140	3	]	]	X
cana-5364	140	4	tolga	tolga	PROPN
cana-5364	140	5	bolukbasi	bolukbasi	PROPN
cana-5364	140	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	140	7	kai	kai	PROPN
cana-5364	140	8	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	140	9	wei	wei	PROPN
cana-5364	140	10	chang	chang	PROPN
cana-5364	140	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	140	12	james	james	PROPN
cana-5364	140	13	y	y	PROPN
cana-5364	140	14	zou	zou	PROPN
cana-5364	140	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	140	16	venkatesh	venkatesh	PROPN
cana-5364	140	17	saligrama	saligrama	NOUN
cana-5364	140	18	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	140	19	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	140	20	adam	adam	PROPN
cana-5364	140	21	t	t	PROPN
cana-5364	140	22	kalai	kalai	PROPN
cana-5364	140	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	141	1	2016	2016	NUM
cana-5364	141	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	142	1	man	man	NOUN
cana-5364	142	2	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	142	3	to	to	PART
cana-5364	142	4	computer	computer	NOUN
cana-5364	142	5	programmer	programmer	NOUN
cana-5364	142	6	as	as	SCONJ
cana-5364	142	7	woman	woman	NOUN
cana-5364	142	8	is	be	AUX
cana-5364	142	9	to	to	ADP
cana-5364	142	10	homemaker	homemaker	NOUN
cana-5364	142	11	?	?	PUNCT
cana-5364	143	1	debiasing	debiase	VERB
cana-5364	143	2	word	word	NOUN
cana-5364	143	3	embeddings	embedding	NOUN
cana-5364	143	4	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	144	1	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	144	2	advances	advance	NOUN
cana-5364	144	3	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	144	4	neural	neural	ADJ
cana-5364	144	5	information	information	NOUN
cana-5364	144	6	processing	processing	NOUN
cana-5364	144	7	systems	system	NOUN
cana-5364	144	8	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	144	9	pages	page	NOUN
cana-5364	144	10	4349–4357	4349–4357	NUM
cana-5364	144	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	145	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	145	2	5	5	X
cana-5364	145	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-5364	145	4	thomas	thomas	PROPN
cana-5364	145	5	davidson	davidson	PROPN
cana-5364	145	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	145	7	dana	dana	PROPN
cana-5364	145	8	warmsley	warmsley	PROPN
cana-5364	145	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	145	10	michael	michael	PROPN
cana-5364	145	11	macy	macy	PROPN
cana-5364	145	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	145	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	145	14	ingmar	ingmar	PROPN
cana-5364	145	15	weber	weber	PROPN
cana-5364	145	16	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	145	17	2017	2017	NUM
cana-5364	145	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	146	1	automated	automate	VERB
cana-5364	146	2	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	146	3	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	146	4	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-5364	146	5	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	146	6	the	the	DET
cana-5364	146	7	problem	problem	NOUN
cana-5364	146	8	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	146	9	offensive	offensive	ADJ
cana-5364	146	10	language	language	NOUN
cana-5364	146	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	147	1	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	147	2	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cana-5364	147	3	international	international	PROPN
cana-5364	147	4	aaai	aaai	PROPN
cana-5364	147	5	conference	conference	PROPN
cana-5364	147	6	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	147	7	web	web	NOUN
cana-5364	147	8	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	147	9	social	social	ADJ
cana-5364	147	10	media	medium	NOUN
cana-5364	147	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	148	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	148	2	6	6	NUM
cana-5364	148	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-5364	148	4	fabio	fabio	PROPN
cana-5364	148	5	del	del	PROPN
cana-5364	148	6	vigna12	vigna12	PROPN
cana-5364	148	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	148	8	andrea	andrea	PROPN
cana-5364	148	9	cimino23	cimino23	PROPN
cana-5364	148	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	148	11	felice	felice	ADJ
cana-5364	148	12	dellorletta	dellorletta	NOUN
cana-5364	148	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	148	14	marinella	marinella	NOUN
cana-5364	148	15	petrocchi	petrocchi	NOUN
cana-5364	148	16	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	148	17	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	148	18	maurizio	maurizio	NOUN
cana-5364	148	19	communications	communication	NOUN
cana-5364	148	20	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	148	21	applied	apply	VERB
cana-5364	148	22	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
cana-5364	148	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cana-5364	148	24	issn	issn	NOUN
cana-5364	148	25	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	148	26	1074	1074	NUM
cana-5364	148	27	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	148	28	133x	133x	NUM
cana-5364	148	29	vol	vol	VERB
cana-5364	148	30	32	32	NUM
cana-5364	148	31	no	no	NOUN
cana-5364	148	32	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	149	1	10s	10	NOUN
cana-5364	149	2	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	149	3	2025	2025	NUM
cana-5364	149	4	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	149	5	2029	2029	NUM
cana-5364	149	6	https://internationalpubls.com	https://internationalpubls.com	X
cana-5364	149	7	tesconi	tesconi	ADJ
cana-5364	149	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	150	1	2017	2017	NUM
cana-5364	150	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	151	1	hate	hate	VERB
cana-5364	151	2	me	i	PRON
cana-5364	151	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	151	4	hate	hate	VERB
cana-5364	151	5	me	i	PRON
cana-5364	151	6	not	not	PART
cana-5364	151	7	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	152	1	hate	hate	VERB
cana-5364	152	2	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	152	3	detection	detection	NOUN
cana-5364	152	4	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	152	5	facebook	facebook	PROPN
cana-5364	152	6	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	153	1	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	153	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cana-5364	153	3	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	153	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	153	5	first	first	ADJ
cana-5364	153	6	italian	italian	ADJ
cana-5364	153	7	conference	conference	NOUN
cana-5364	153	8	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	153	9	cybersecurity	cybersecurity	NOUN
cana-5364	153	10	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	153	11	itasec17	itasec17	NOUN
cana-5364	153	12	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	153	13	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	153	14	pages	page	NOUN
cana-5364	153	15	86–95	86–95	NUM
cana-5364	153	16	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	154	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	154	2	7	7	X
cana-5364	154	3	]	]	X
cana-5364	154	4	jacob	jacob	PROPN
cana-5364	154	5	devlin	devlin	PROPN
cana-5364	154	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	154	7	ming	ming	PROPN
cana-5364	154	8	-	-	PUNCT
cana-5364	154	9	wei	wei	PROPN
cana-5364	154	10	chang	chang	PROPN
cana-5364	154	11	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	154	12	kenton	kenton	PROPN
cana-5364	154	13	lee	lee	PROPN
cana-5364	154	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	154	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	154	16	kristina	kristina	PROPN
cana-5364	154	17	toutanova	toutanova	PROPN
cana-5364	154	18	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	154	19	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	154	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	155	1	bert	bert	PROPN
cana-5364	155	2	:	:	PUNCT
cana-5364	155	3	pre	pre	ADJ
cana-5364	155	4	-	-	NOUN
cana-5364	155	5	training	training	NOUN
cana-5364	155	6	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	155	7	deep	deep	ADJ
cana-5364	155	8	bidirectional	bidirectional	ADJ
cana-5364	155	9	transformers	transformer	NOUN
cana-5364	155	10	for	for	ADP
cana-5364	155	11	language	language	NOUN
cana-5364	155	12	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cana-5364	155	13	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	156	1	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
cana-5364	156	2	preprint	preprint	PROPN
cana-5364	156	3	arxiv:1810.04805	arxiv:1810.04805	PROPN
cana-5364	156	4	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	157	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	157	2	8	8	NUM
cana-5364	157	3	]	]	X
cana-5364	157	4	lucas	lucas	PROPN
cana-5364	157	5	dixon	dixon	PROPN
cana-5364	157	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	157	7	john	john	PROPN
cana-5364	157	8	li	li	PROPN
cana-5364	157	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	157	10	jeffrey	jeffrey	PROPN
cana-5364	157	11	sorensen	sorensen	PROPN
cana-5364	157	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	157	13	nithum	nithum	PROPN
cana-5364	157	14	thain	thain	PROPN
cana-5364	157	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	157	16	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	157	17	lucy	lucy	PROPN
cana-5364	157	18	vasserman	vasserman	PROPN
cana-5364	157	19	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	158	1	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	158	2	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	159	1	measuring	measure	VERB
cana-5364	159	2	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	159	3	mitigating	mitigate	VERB
cana-5364	159	4	unintended	unintended	ADJ
cana-5364	159	5	bias	bias	NOUN
cana-5364	159	6	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	159	7	text	text	NOUN
cana-5364	159	8	classification	classification	NOUN
cana-5364	159	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	160	1	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	160	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cana-5364	160	3	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	160	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	160	5	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	160	6	aaai	aaai	PROPN
cana-5364	160	7	/	/	SYM
cana-5364	160	8	acm	acm	PROPN
cana-5364	160	9	conference	conference	NOUN
cana-5364	160	10	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	160	11	ai	ai	PROPN
cana-5364	160	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	160	13	ethics	ethic	NOUN
cana-5364	160	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	160	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	160	16	society	society	NOUN
cana-5364	160	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	160	18	pages	page	NOUN
cana-5364	160	19	67–73	67–73	NUM
cana-5364	160	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	160	21	acm	acm	PROPN
cana-5364	160	22	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	161	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	161	2	9	9	NUM
cana-5364	161	3	]	]	X
cana-5364	161	4	iginio	iginio	NOUN
cana-5364	161	5	gagliardone	gagliardone	NOUN
cana-5364	161	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	161	7	danit	danit	PROPN
cana-5364	161	8	gal	gal	PROPN
cana-5364	161	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	161	10	thiago	thiago	PROPN
cana-5364	161	11	alves	alves	PROPN
cana-5364	161	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	161	13	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	161	14	gabriela	gabriela	PROPN
cana-5364	161	15	martinez	martinez	PROPN
cana-5364	161	16	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	161	17	2015	2015	NUM
cana-5364	161	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	162	1	countering	counter	VERB
cana-5364	162	2	online	online	ADJ
cana-5364	162	3	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	162	4	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	162	5	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	163	1	unesco	unesco	PROPN
cana-5364	163	2	publishing	publishing	PROPN
cana-5364	163	3	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	164	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	164	2	10	10	NUM
cana-5364	164	3	]	]	X
cana-5364	164	4	sahaj	sahaj	PROPN
cana-5364	164	5	garg	garg	PROPN
cana-5364	164	6	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	164	7	vincent	vincent	PROPN
cana-5364	164	8	perot	perot	PROPN
cana-5364	164	9	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	164	10	nicole	nicole	PROPN
cana-5364	164	11	limtiaco	limtiaco	PROPN
cana-5364	164	12	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	164	13	ankur	ankur	PROPN
cana-5364	164	14	taly	taly	PROPN
cana-5364	164	15	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	164	16	ed	ed	PROPN
cana-5364	164	17	h	h	PROPN
cana-5364	164	18	chi	chi	PROPN
cana-5364	164	19	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	164	20	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	164	21	alex	alex	PROPN
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cana-5364	164	23	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	164	24	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	164	25	.	.	PUNCT
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cana-5364	165	2	fairness	fairness	NOUN
cana-5364	165	3	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	165	4	text	text	NOUN
cana-5364	165	5	classification	classification	NOUN
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cana-5364	165	7	robustness	robustness	NOUN
cana-5364	165	8	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	166	1	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	166	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cana-5364	166	3	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	166	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	166	5	2019	2019	NUM
cana-5364	166	6	aaai	aaai	PROPN
cana-5364	166	7	/	/	SYM
cana-5364	166	8	acm	acm	PROPN
cana-5364	166	9	conference	conference	NOUN
cana-5364	166	10	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	166	11	ai	ai	PROPN
cana-5364	166	12	,	,	PUNCT
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cana-5364	166	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	166	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	166	16	society	society	NOUN
cana-5364	166	17	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	166	18	pages	page	NOUN
cana-5364	166	19	219–226	219–226	NUM
cana-5364	166	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	167	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	167	2	11	11	NUM
cana-5364	167	3	]	]	PUNCT
cana-5364	167	4	katharine	katharine	PROPN
cana-5364	167	5	gelber	gelber	PROPN
cana-5364	167	6	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	167	7	luke	luke	PROPN
cana-5364	167	8	mcnamara	mcnamara	PROPN
cana-5364	167	9	.	.	PROPN
cana-5364	167	10	2016	2016	NUM
cana-5364	167	11	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	168	1	evidencing	evidence	VERB
cana-5364	168	2	the	the	DET
cana-5364	168	3	harms	harm	NOUN
cana-5364	168	4	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	168	5	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	168	6	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	168	7	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	169	1	social	social	ADJ
cana-5364	169	2	identities	identity	NOUN
cana-5364	169	3	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	169	4	22(3):324–341	22(3):324–341	NUM
cana-5364	169	5	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	170	1	[	[	X
cana-5364	170	2	12	12	NUM
cana-5364	170	3	]	]	X
cana-5364	170	4	ona	ona	PROPN
cana-5364	170	5	de	de	PROPN
cana-5364	170	6	gibert	gibert	PROPN
cana-5364	170	7	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	170	8	naiara	naiara	PROPN
cana-5364	170	9	perez	perez	PROPN
cana-5364	170	10	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	170	11	aitor	aitor	PROPN
cana-5364	170	12	garc´ıa	garc´ıa	PROPN
cana-5364	170	13	pablos	pablos	PROPN
cana-5364	170	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	170	15	and	and	CCONJ
cana-5364	170	16	montse	montse	VERB
cana-5364	170	17	cuadros	cuadro	NOUN
cana-5364	170	18	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	170	19	2018	2018	NUM
cana-5364	170	20	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	171	1	hate	hate	NOUN
cana-5364	171	2	speech	speech	NOUN
cana-5364	171	3	dataset	dataset	VERB
cana-5364	171	4	from	from	ADP
cana-5364	171	5	a	a	DET
cana-5364	171	6	white	white	ADJ
cana-5364	171	7	supremacy	supremacy	PROPN
cana-5364	171	8	forum	forum	PROPN
cana-5364	171	9	.	.	PUNCT
cana-5364	172	1	in	in	ADP
cana-5364	172	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cana-5364	172	3	of	of	ADP
cana-5364	172	4	the	the	DET
cana-5364	172	5	2nd	2nd	ADJ
cana-5364	172	6	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cana-5364	172	7	on	on	ADP
cana-5364	172	8	abusive	abusive	ADJ
cana-5364	172	9	language	language	NOUN
cana-5364	172	10	online	online	NOUN
cana-5364	172	11	(	(	PUNCT
cana-5364	172	12	alw2	alw2	PROPN
cana-5364	172	13	)	)	PUNCT
cana-5364	172	14	,	,	PUNCT
cana-5364	172	15	pages	page	NOUN
cana-5364	172	16	11–20	11–20	NUM
cana-5364	172	17	.	.	PUNCT