# bib

id: cgn-30
author: Kapucu, Naim
title: Introduction: Social Network Analysis Applications in Complex Governance Networks
date: 2015-06-28
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1429
sentence: 69
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cgn-30.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-30.txt
summary:
  This interest has given boost to the use of social network analysis (SNA) in studies on complex governance networks. The papers help our understanding in studying complex governance networks.


id: cgn-15
author: Morçöl, Göktuğ; Teisman, Geert; Gerrits, Lasse
title: Complexity, Governance and Networks: Introduction to the Inaugural Issue
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1714
sentence: 78
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cgn-15.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-15.txt
summary:
  They make the case for multiplex network analyses (analyses of both the formal and informal relationships formed by policy actors) in studying the inherently complex relations in policy networks. He then briefly discusses the research streams on complex networks, network governance, and current research challenges in public administration.


id: cgn-120
author: Haynes, Philip; Verweij, Stefan
title: Introduction
date: 2022-05-02
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2512
sentence: 157
flesch: 51
cache: cache/cgn-120.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-120.txt
summary:
  Several articles included here in the special issue—the article by Jean Boulton and the article by Graham Room—look at the intersection of such “grand theory” with interdisciplinary policy analysis and consider the importance of identifying patterns across time in an applied and interdisciplinary sense, along with what such patterns might mean for governance leadership and decision-making. Similarly, the application of policy analysis using the complexity framework is increasingly leading to an emphasis on the unstable dynamics of the policy world with its often unpredictable and unknowable futures.


id: cgn-23
author: Meek, Jack; Marshall, Kevin
title: Informed Governance: Complexity and the Commons
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3172
sentence: 193
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cgn-23.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-23.txt
summary:
  Jack has also edited symposia on complexity theory in Emergence: Complexity and Organization (2010) and co-edited a symposium on Integrity in Public Admin- istration in Public Integrity (2012). We  also want to express our appreciation to Dean Abe Helou, College of Business and Public Management, University of La Verne, for his continuing support for continuous dialogue and research regarding the potential of complexity theory and approaches for improving governance.


id: cgn-21
author: Kiel, L. Douglas
title: Complexity Theory and Its Evolution in Public Administration and Policy Studies
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3987
sentence: 227
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cgn-21.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-21.txt
summary:
  The accel- eration of knowledge as a global resource is also reflected in the acceleration of knowledge regarding complexity studies in public administration and public policy. In this paper I strive to explore the evolution of complexity studies in public admin- istration and public policy.


id: cgn-18
author: McGuire, Michael; Fyall, Rachel
title: Policy Energy and Public Management Networks
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4241
sentence: 244
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cgn-18.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-18.txt
summary:
  This article discusses these and other types of administrative and political barriers that can hinder the ability of public management networks to influence policy making and implementation. Keywords: Public management networks, network limitations.


id: cgn-17
author: Kapucu, Naim
title: Complexity, Governance and Networks: Perspectives from Public Administration
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4027
sentence: 259
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cgn-17.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-17.txt
summary:
  In this this essay I briefly discuss research streams on complex networks, network governance, and current re- search challenges in public administration. Keywords: Complexity, networks, network governance, network analysis.


id: cgn-20
author: Klijn, Erik-Hans; Koppenjan, Joop
title: Complexity in Governance Network Theory
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4572
sentence: 306
flesch: 52
cache: cache/cgn-20.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-20.txt
summary:
  The assumption that underlies network theory is that handling the complexity of dif- ficult societal problems requires mutual adaption and cooperation among network actors (Scharpf, 1978, 1997; Marin & Mayntz, 1991; Rhodes, 1997; Mandell, 2001). As a result of the resource dependencies among network actors, some actors may have opportunities to “veto” the decisions made by others.


id: cgn-22
author: Zia, Asim; Kauffman, Stuart; Koliba, Christopher; Beckage, Brian; Vattay, Gabor; Bomblies, Arne
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4561
sentence: 249
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cgn-22.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-22.txt
title:
  From the Habit of Control to Institutional Enablement: Re-envisioning the Governance of Social-Ecological Systems from the Perspective of Complexity Sciences

summary:
  We posit that governance theorists need to look for bottom-up emer- gence; they should acknowledge the unpredictability in governance systems because of their co-evolutionary nature (Kauffman, 1993; Morçöl, 2012). Managing complex governance systems.


id: cgn-19
author: Shrestha, Manoj; Berardo, Ramiro; Feiock, Richard
title: Solving Institutional Collective Action Problems in Multiplex Networks
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4759
sentence: 267
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cgn-19.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-19.txt
summary:
  Solving Institutional Collective Action Problems in Multiplex Networks Complexity, Governance & Networks (2014) 49–60 49 DOI: 10.7564/14-CGN7 Solving Institutional Collective Action Problems in Multiplex Networks Manoj Shresthaa, Ramiro Berardob, Richard C. Feiockc* a University of Idaho b University of Wisconsin Milwaukee c Florida State University Askew School, 626 Bellamy Building, Tallahassee FL, 32306-2250 E-mail: rfeiock@fsu.edu This essay extends theoretical arguments pertaining to single (uniplex) networks on how to solve coordination and cooperation problems associated with institutional collective action to multiplex networks constituting both formal and informal relationships formed by policy actors. Studying multiplex networks are particularly important for solving institutional col- lective action dilemmas arising from the fragmentation of political and administrative authority in contemporary societies (Feiock, 2013).


id: cgn-14
author: Teisman, Geert; Gerrits, Lasse
title: The Emergence of Complexity in the Art and Science of Governance
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5618
sentence: 362
flesch: 52
cache: cache/cgn-14.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-14.txt
summary:
  However, the aim of this contribution is not to outline main features of complexity sciences and concepts from complexity theory like co-evolution and initial conditions. It inspires the authors of this contribution to continue with their attempts to make complexity theory useful for public administration and to present evidence for the added value of this paradigm.


id: cgn-16
author: Morçöl, Göktuğ
title: Complex Governance Networks: An Assessment of the Advances and Prospects
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6068
sentence: 385
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cgn-16.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-16.txt
summary:
  Complexity researchers provide ontological and epistemological grounding to governance networks studies and conceptual and methodological tools to study the self- organizational, emergent, and coevolutionary processes within and among complex gov- ernance networks. According to Provan, et al. (2007), governance network studies should go beyond these typologies and answer some key questions about the macro structures of networks.


id: cgn-26
author: Chappell, David; Dewey, T. Gregory
title: Defining the Entropy of Hierarchical Organizations
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 16
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6526
sentence: 383
flesch: 53
cache: cache/cgn-26.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-26.txt
summary:
  In thermodynamics, Eq. 1 would have a physical constant multiplier on the right hand side to give entropy units. Organizational entropy is de- fined in a manner that readily allows for practical calculations.


id: cgn-109
author: Boulton, Jean
title: Process Complexity
date: 2022-05-02
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7097
sentence: 344
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cgn-109.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-109.txt
summary:
  Conclusion First, we have developed process complexity as an extension to the “things connected by forces” version of complexity theory that emerges from mathematical modelling and scientific rationalism. The foundations of our work in complexity theory derives from the legacy of Ilya Prigogine and Peter Allen (Boulton et al, 2015).


id: cgn-101
author: Papin, Marielle
title: Institutional complexity is complexity with an adjective
date: 2021-02-15
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7130
sentence: 403
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cgn-101.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-101.txt
summary:
  Taking stock of the past studies of institutional complexity, this think piece seeks to offer a conceptual and operational definition of institutional complexity building on complexity science and recent publications in International Relations. Institutional complexity is complexity with an adjective Complexity, Governance & Networks – Vol. 6, No 1 (2020) Special Issue: Global Governance in Complex Times: Exploring New Concepts and Theories on Institutional Complexity, p. 82-93 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-101 82 University of Bamberg Press Institutional complexity is complexity with an adjective Author: Marielle Papin McGill University, Canada Email: marielle.papin@mail.mcgill.ca A review of the studies on institutional complexity reveals that the many definitions of institutional complexity and related concepts share similarities with the understanding of complexity and complex systems of complexity science.


id: cgn-24
author: Morçöl, Göktuğ
title: Self-Organization in Collective Action: Elinor Ostrom’s Contributions and Complexity Theory
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 14
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7078
sentence: 391
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cgn-24.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-24.txt
summary:
  In social systems self is defined through social construction processes, according to Gerrits (2008) and Gerrits, Marks, and van Buuren (2009). The nature and dynamics of micro–macro relationships is a core problem for complexity researchers who study social systems in general, and policy/governance systems in particular (Göktuğ Morçöl, 2012b).


id: cgn-37
author: Gerrits, Lasse; Morçöl, Göktuğ
title: Message from the editors
date: 2017-01-16
pages: 1
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 486
sentence: 16
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cgn-37.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-37.txt
summary:
  Because of this support, UBP will be able to publish it open access under the creative commons license and will not charge authors for the articles published in it. Open access publishing will also give authors greater control over their publications: they can distribute them freely without prior consent.


id: cgn-31
author: Schipper, Danny; Spekkink, Wouter
date: 2015-06-28
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8177
sentence: 444
flesch: 52
cache: cache/cgn-31.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-31.txt
title:
  Balancing the Quantitative and Qualitative Aspects of Social Network Analysis to Study Complex Social Systems

summary:
  Keywords: Social network analysis, Complex systems, Dynamic Network analysis, Qualitative analysis 1. Social network analysis (SNA) is capable of simultane- ously taking into account higher-order system structures and their constituent elements (Knoke & Yang, 2008).


id: cgn-25
author: Marshall, Kevin
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7941
sentence: 398
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cgn-25.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-25.txt
title:
  Creating and Maintaining Innovative Space — A Framework for Unraveling the Complexities of Entrepreneurial Systems

summary:
  And thus, xi xi xi xi xi xi xi xi xi xi xi xi xi xi xi xi xi Active Space: Article_14-16.indd 33 03/03/15 3:05 PM 34 K. S. Marshall / Informed Governance social action, manifested through action of individuals and the aggregation of individu- als, constitutes force, which if left alone moves through social space in a spontaneous, self-organizing and self-organizing manner, sometimes linearly, sometimes non-linearly. The proposed theoretical framework suggests a two-part analytical process germane to the creation and maintenance of innovative space consisting of 1) the iden- tification and comprehension of the space to be administered or managed, and 2) the identifica- tion and analysis of relevant rules (existing or proposed) that positively or negatively impact the emergent properties of such space.


id: cgn-103
author: Alemna, David; Artaraz, Kepa; Haynes, Philip; Mwale, Shadreck
date: 2021-02-15
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8820
sentence: 469
flesch: 54
cache: cache/cgn-103.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-103.txt
title:
  The Complexity and Instability of Policy Conditionality and Transfer: IMF Interventions in the Political Economy of South America.

summary:
  IMF policy interventions might be thought of in this way. Indeed, recent academic scholarship has attempted to identify this ‘catalistic effect’ of IMF interventions in stimulating FDI (Breen & Egan, 2019).


id: cgn-102
author: Schapper, Andrea
title: The "Super-Network": Fostering Interaction Between Human Rights and Climate Change Institutions
date: 2021-02-15
pages: 14
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8656
sentence: 392
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cgn-102.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-102.txt
summary:
  It explores interaction processes between the human rights and the climate regime, and more specifically, the incorporation of human rights in the 2015 Paris climate agreement. Keywords: transnational advocacy networks; institutional interaction; human rights; climate change; Paris Agreement Introduction In today’s complex world, emerging institutional arrangements are never isolated but embedded in a web of already existing institutions originating in different policy fields.


id: cgn-104
author: Haas, Peter M; Western, Jon
title: Governing Complexity in World Politics
date: 2021-02-15
pages: 13
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8476
sentence: 606
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cgn-104.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-104.txt
summary:
  As a result, US decision making could be improved by the creation of two new bodies: an interagency council responsible for complex global issues supported by a small stand-alone executive unit responsible for collecting and aggregating data, conducting policy analysis, and formulating alternative policy proposals. The UN System also can benefit from institutional reforms to improve coordinated management of global complex issues.


id: cgn-116
author: Albrecht, Kate
title: Shapeshifting to address complexity: Advancing a typology of network evolution and transformation
date: 2022-04-12
pages: 16
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8979
sentence: 401
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cgn-116.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-116.txt
summary:
  What features of networks evolve (Components) and externalization based on the social paradigms of component organizations and agencies Nonlinear • (Koliba et al., 2010) - Environmental factors (such as privatization, devolution, public-private partnerships) that give rise to network forms • (Scheinert et al., 2017)- Complex adaptive systems view emphasizing stochastic or random nature of network evolution forms, based in domain-level interactions • (Herranz, 2009)- Different network coordination strategies that help balance the informal and formal aspects of Ring and van de Ven's (1994) ego-centric framework • (Moynihan, 2009) and (Nowell & Steelman, 2015) - Impact of network characteristics like diversity, shared authority, and trust/relationships; disaster- response context uncertainty lead to organization or agency actions, like tie creation or deletion and changes in collaboration portfolio size and scope, that aggregate up to the network level • (Milward et al., 2010) - Comparison of for-profit and nonprofit NAO governed networks along the dimensions of structure, relationships/trust, and preliminary performance measures • (Nowell & Steelman, 2015) - Impact of network characteristics like trust and relational embeddedness; disaster- response context • (Provan & Kenis, 2007)- Governance focus from participant to NAO, linear maturing of network organizing structure Group dynamics • Koliba et al. (2010) have suggested a framework in which evolution is a function of environmental factors like privatization, devolution, and public-private partnerships that give rise to network forms of governance.


id: cgn-100
author: Hollway, James
title: What makes a “regime complex” complex? It depends
date: 2021-02-15
pages: 14
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8709
sentence: 528
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cgn-100.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-100.txt
summary:
  First, ties that appear statistically independent of one another is typical of a Bernoulli or Erdos- Renyi model, which operates as our order zero of dependence complexity. That is, institutional proliferation is a necessary but itself insufficient condition for institutional complexity.


id: cgn-110
author: Zelli, Fariborz; Gerrits, Lasse; Möller, Ina
title: Global Governance in Complex Times: Exploring New Concepts and Theories on Institutional Complexity
date: 2021-02-15
pages: 13
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8813
sentence: 513
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cgn-110.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-110.txt
summary:
  Complex global governance systems have been mostly researched as complicated systems, by decomposing them into individual institutions, processes, or interactions (Cudworth & Hobden, 2011). They include the forms and processes of governance complexity, the roles of power, norms, discourses, or knowledge in causing and proliferating this complexity, the implications of complexity for questions of democracy, transparency, legitimacy, accountability, or effectiveness, and, ultimately, the political responses that are either needed or feasible (Zelli & van Asselt, 2013).


id: cgn-28
author: Pel, Bonno; van Popering-Verkerk, Jitske; van Buuren, Arwin; Edelenbos, Jurian
title: Intersections in delta development; analyzing actors for complexity-sensitive spatial concepts
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 20
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8588
sentence: 503
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cgn-28.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-28.txt
summary:
  This invited them to expose which sub- systems they deemed relevant to their ambitions, and to mark present and future ‘hotspot’ Article_14-18.indd 87 03/03/15 3:06 PM 88 B. Pel et al. / Intersections in delta development locations where system developments manifest themselves. Keywords: deltas, co-evolution, synchronization, actor analysis, spatial design, intersections 1.


id: cgn-114
author: Shibaike, Takumi
title: Legitimacy and Legitimation Practices: An Analysis of TSMO Networks
date: 2022-04-12
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9161
sentence: 589
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cgn-114.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-114.txt
summary:
  This network data also comes from the Yearbook, but importantly, network ties are self-reported collaboration between TSMOs. Perhaps, there is a bias in how TSMOs interpret claims to have network ties.


id: cgn-29
author: Koliba, Christopher; Reynolds, Adam; Zia, Asim; Scheinert, Steven
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 20
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9059
sentence: 435
flesch: 52
cache: cache/cgn-29.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-29.txt
title:
  Isomorphic Properties of Network Governance: Comparing Two Watershed Governance Initiatives in the Lake Champlain Basin Using Institutional Network Analysis

summary:
  Local policy networks and agricultural watershed management. Using textual data min- ing techniques and institutional network analysis the authors examine measures of network centrality, develop a visual analysis of network structures and clusters, and examine statistical comparisons of the task structures found across the two planned networks.


id: cgn-107
author: Room, Graham
title: Strategic Policymaking within Complex Timescapes
date: 2022-05-02
pages: 14
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9474
sentence: 522
flesch: 54
cache: cache/cgn-107.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-107.txt
summary:
  In grappling with the question of how and whether it is ever rational for political leaders and citizens to embrace policies for the long-term, Jacobs confronts some aspects of what I am calling the complexity of policy landscapes and timescapes. They also engage actively with the policy world, expanding the range of “mental models” that policy actors can deploy, as they consider how their complex world may unfold11.


id: cgn-105
author: Schmidt, Dennis R.
date: 2021-02-15
pages: 15
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9826
sentence: 495
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cgn-105.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-105.txt
title:
  Complexity in international society: theorising fragmentation and linkages in primary and secondary institutions

summary:
  To further advance the English School’s research programme on international institutions, the article introduces the notion of “law-governed emergence” and distils two effects it has on global institutional ordering practices: fragmentation and clustering. 94 mailto:d.r.schimdt@swansea.ac.uk 95 University of Bamberg Press Secondly, and more specifically, I argue that incorporating insights from complexity theory can help to further develop the English School’s account of international institutions.


id: cgn-27
author: Schipper, Danny; Gerrits, Lasse
date: 2014-06-28
pages: 22
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10122
sentence: 594
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cgn-27.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-27.txt
title:
  The Emergence of Metropolitan Governance: A coevolutionary analysis of the life-and-death cycles of metropolitan governance in the Amsterdam metropolitan region

summary:
  The Amsterdam metropolitan area challenge: Opportunities for inclusive coproduction in city region governance. and argues that a coevolutionary analysis of metropolitan governance is necessary to understand the emergence of metropolitan governance systems as a complex process of reciprocal selection.


id: cgn-38
author: Marks, Peter; Gerrits, Lasse
title: Introduction: On the coevolution of innovation and public policy
date: 2017-01-16
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2224
sentence: 123
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cgn-38.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-38.txt
summary:
  However, any economy will benefit more from a mixture of related and unrelated innovations, and requires innovation policies that facilitate both. In order to realize such innovation policies much can be learned by incorporating other disciplines, e.g. political sciences or institutional sociology.


id: cgn-108
author: Alemna, David
date: 2022-05-02
pages: 29
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11584
sentence: 700
flesch: 56
cache: cache/cgn-108.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-108.txt
title:
  Monetary Convergence Across the Economic Community of West African States: Lessons for the Envisioned West African Monetary Union

summary:
  Based on the journeys travelled, complex case patterns begin to appear. Table 2 (below) provides a simple presentation of the emergence of case patterns in order of appearance over the period under discussion.


id: cgn-33
author: Carboni, Julia L.
title: Measuring Risks of Organizational Failure in Contract Exchange Structures
date: 2015-06-28
pages: 20
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7564
sentence: 412
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cgn-33.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-33.txt
summary:
  Measuring Risks of Organizational Failure in Contract Exchange Structures Complexity, Governance & Networks-Vol 02, Issue 01 (2015) 45–64 45 DOI: 10.7564/13-CGN01 Measuring Risks of Organizational Failure in Contract Exchange Structures Julia L. Carboni Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis and IU Lilly Family School of Philanthropy E-mail: jcarboni@iupui.edu Governmental agencies increasingly contract out service delivery, but have little understand- ing of the systemic risk associated with dependence on contractors in service delivery networks. In this study, affiliation network concepts are used to develop a structural index of government dependence on actors in service delivery networks without joint service delivery.


id: cgn-34
author: Scheinert, Steve; Koliba, Christopher; Hurley, Stephanie; Coleman, Sarah; Zia, Asim
title: The Shape of Watershed Governance: Locating the Boundaries of Multiplex Networks
date: 2015-06-28
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8009
sentence: 450
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cgn-34.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-34.txt
summary:
  Identifying internal boundaries within governance networks, such as those governance structures that influence and are influenced by large and diverse watersheds such as the Lake Champlain Basin, is necessary for differentiating between multiple functional subnetworks. Koliba, Meek, and Zia (2010) ex- plain the importance of boundaries within governance networks, finding that, “Internal boundaries will likely be influenced by the nature of the multiplex ties formed between actors in the network” (p. 169).


id: cgn-115
author: Gerrits, Lasse; Chang, Robin A.; Pagliarin, Sofia
title: Case-based complexity: within-case time variation and temporal casing
date: 2022-05-02
pages: 21
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 13831
sentence: 764
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cgn-115.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-115.txt
summary:
  From a bird's eye perspective, it appears that current and conventional ways to account for time are a part of “social time” rooted in religious developments that created and ingrained an “impersonal set of indispensable guidelines for daily life that transcend the individual” (van Tienoven 2019, p. 976). While the complexity sciences may stem from the hard sciences and are primarily concerned with the physical, natural world and its development over time, social time may differ in terms of duration and temporal pace, and in the experience of time (Newton, 2003), as mentioned above.


id: cgn-62
author: Ivanovic, Nevena; Gerrits, Lasse
title: Teaching complexity in public administration across the globe: an overview
date: 2018-01-31
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3150
sentence: 143
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cgn-62.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-62.txt
summary:
  We also included complexity science programs that offer specialization in one of the previously mentioned disciplines, e.g. programs that would cover the use of complexity sciences in questions central to our fields. Countries with the highest number of selected programs include Germany (14 programs), followed by United Kingdom and the United States of America (10 programs each), Australia, Netherlands, and Switzerland (six programs each), Canada, Denmark, Italy, New Zealand, and Russia (three programs each), Austria, Chile, China, France, Ghana, Japan, Mexico, Norway, Puerto Rico, Slovenia, Sweden, and Thailand (two programs each), Belgium, Bolivia, Ireland, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Morocco, Namibia, Nigeria, Oman, Poland, Portugal, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, and Turkey (one program each).


id: cgn-32
author: Siciliano, Michael D.; Wukich, Clayton
title: Network Features and Processes as Determinants of Organizational Interaction during Extreme Events
date: 2015-06-28
pages: 22
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9718
sentence: 568
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cgn-32.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-32.txt
summary:
  However, the use of a triangle term often led to degenerate network models where the observed network structure could not be recreated from the statistical model (Handcock, 2003; Snijders, 2002). Analyses and Results Our analyses involve three different types of network models.


id: cgn-92
author: Zia, Asim
title: Adaptive Governance of Coupled Social-Ecological Systems: Introduction to the Special Issue Themes
date: 2019-10-24
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2383
sentence: 122
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cgn-92.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-92.txt
summary:
  They further argue that one of the influential approaches to reconciling social and ecological aspects of environmental governance emerged in the form of adaptive governance to deal with uncertainty and complexity of SESs. -4 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-92 1 University of Bamberg Press Adaptive Governance of Coupled Social-Ecological Systems: Introduction to the Special Issue Themes Author: Asim Zia Department of Community Development and Applied Economics, University of Vermont, U.S.A. E-mail: Asim.Zia@uvm.edu Stockholm Resilience Alliance (SRA) defines adaptive governance as an evolving research framework for analyzing the social, institutional, economical, and ecological foundations of multilevel governance modes that are successful in building resilience for the vast challenges posed by multiscale drivers of change, such as global climate change, rapid technological change, terrorism, socio-economic disruptions, and political coups.


id: cgn-48
author: Wolf, Amanda
title: Teaching Complexity: The Limits of Evidence and the ‘Prospective’ Case Study
date: 2018-01-31
pages: 11
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5864
sentence: 270
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cgn-48.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-48.txt
summary:
  Master of Public Policy Students’ Initial Orientations to ‘Evidence’ and ‘Complexity’ In their workplaces, policy students are exposed to strong rhetoric and prescriptions concerning the supremacy of ‘evidence’ for developing and implementing policy. Moreover, in a small country context, students (as practitioners) are accustomed to looking elsewhere for policy evidence.


id: cgn-54
author: Raisio, Harri; Puustinen, Alisa; Vartiainen, Pirkko; Lindell, Juha; Ollila, Seija
title: Teaching public administrators and leaders to handle complexity
date: 2018-01-31
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6280
sentence: 393
flesch: 51
cache: cache/cgn-54.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-54.txt
summary:
  Combining network theory and complexity theory could be seen as one of the new streams bringing together complexity and PA (see e.g., Eppel 2017; Koliba et al. 2016; Koppenjan & Klijn 2014). Special Issue: Teaching Complexity, p. 80-91 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-54 81 University of Bamberg Press In Finland, students must pass an entrance examination in order to be accepted to pursue a degree, and this is where the first introduction to complexity occurs, as one of the articles in the pre-reading materials for the entrance examination deals with complexity leadership (Lindell, Ollila & Vartiainen 2014).


id: cgn-42
author: Marks, Peter; Gerrits, Lasse
date: 2017-01-16
pages: 15
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7852
sentence: 360
flesch: 53
cache: cache/cgn-42.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-42.txt
title:
  Evaluating technological progress in public policies: the case of the high-speed railways in the Netherlands

summary:
  High speed trains require considerable energy to run. The last standard-setting came after the early years of the Shinkansen, when the train’s nose changed from a bullet shape to the tapered shape to reduce air resistance when traveling at high speeds and to deal with the shock waves when entering tunnels.


id: cgn-61
author: Rhodes, Mary Lee; Eppel, Elizabeth Anne
title: Public Administration and Complexity – or how to teach things we can’t predict?
date: 2018-01-31
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4473
sentence: 228
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cgn-61.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-61.txt
summary:
  The panel topic was Complexity theory in Public Administration: state of Theory and Practice and the range of papers presented there suggested that although complexity theory had certainly made inroads into public management scholarship - indeed it was being incorporated into a wide range of theoretical and practical investigations - there was little convergence on which aspects of complexity theory were generating the most interest or had been tried and rejected as not relevant. Introduction Since the beginning of the 21st C, a group of public administration scholars have been researching complexity theory and its application in the public administration and policy contexts (Koliba et al 2016, Rhodes et al 2011, Head 2010, Morcol 2013).


id: cgn-45
author: Haynes, Philip; Darking, Mary; Stroud, Julia
date: 2018-01-31
pages: 13
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6015
sentence: 269
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cgn-45.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-45.txt
title:
  Developing public service knowledge and learning about complex systems: using a community of practice to integrate theory and practice

summary:
  The turn to complex systems (Byrne, 1998; Cilliers, 1998) in the applied social science approach to complexity theory provided more emphasis on practice (Klijn, 2008; Rhodes, et al, 2011), and loosely connected the complexity approach with a range of contemporary approaches to applied systems theory in management (Seddon, 2008; Rhodes et al, 2011; Allen, et al, 2011). The requirement built into the funding bid that the closed community of practice consist of an equal focus on theory and practice and academic scholarship and public practice ensured that the scholarly work had to articulate its theoretical narrative into a real-world setting.


id: cgn-40
author: Potts, Jason
date: 2017-01-16
pages: 13
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8668
sentence: 519
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cgn-40.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-40.txt
title:
  Complexity, economics, and innovation policy: How two kinds of science lead to two kinds of economics and two kinds of policy

summary:
  This paper will outline this case, focusing on the different ways this manifests in two views of innovation economics—and the definition of the innovation problem as an economic problem—and the implications for innovation policy. 22 Complexity, Governance & Networks - Special Issue: Complexity, Innovation and Policy (2017) 22-34 Jason Potts: Complexity, economics, and innovation policy:


id: cgn-41
author: Frenken, Koen
title: A Complexity-Theoretic Perspective on Innovation Policy
date: 2017-01-16
pages: 13
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7933
sentence: 388
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cgn-41.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-41.txt
summary:
  35 Koen Frenken: A Complexity-Theoretic Perspective on Innovation Policy DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-41 University of Bamberg Press A Complexity-Theoretic Perspective on Innovation Policy Author: Koen Frenken Innovation Studies, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, The Netherlands k.frenken@uu.nl, @kfrenken It is argued that innovation policy based on notions of market failure or system failure is too limited in the context of current societal challenges. Keywords: Innovation policy, complexity theory, evolutionary economics, entrepreneurial state, temporary innovation system, societal challenges, tentative governance 1.


id: cgn-35
author: Hu, Qian
title: Conducting Content Analysis of Documents in Network Research: A Review of Recent Scholarship
date: 2015-06-28
pages: 20
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9495
sentence: 422
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cgn-35.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-35.txt
summary:
  A Review of Recent Scholarship Complexity, Governance & Networks-Vol 02, Issue 01 (2015) 83–102 83 DOI: 10.7564/14-CGN11 Conducting Content Analysis of Documents in Network Research: A Review of Recent Scholarship Qian Hu, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, School of Public Administration, University of Central Florida, HPA II, Suite 238 Email: Qian.Hu@ucf.edu In this study I examine how researchers have conducted content analysis of documents to collect and analyze network data in public administration. The types of documents that researchers have used to draw network data are diverse, but the ways they are used are limited.


id: cgn-46
author: Gerrits, Lasse; Wirtz, Martin
title: Teaching Complexity by means of Problem-Based Learning: Potential, Practice, and Pitfalls
date: 2018-01-31
pages: 14
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7483
sentence: 355
flesch: 53
cache: cache/cgn-46.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-46.txt
summary:
  Provide common starting point, i.e. every group member should understand the assignment text as it stands Linking abstract notions of complexity theory and thinking to real-life experiences of students Facing an unstructured problem 2 Formulation of problem statement Provide title for the session or formulate wider research question, i.e. what is it about Students dive into topic and grasp the underlying problem of the assignment By discussing in the group, students establish a common ground of the problem – they not only name it but discuss it and also examine its wider relevance 3 Brainstorming Everything is allowed: collection of ideas, potential explanation in regard of problem statement, etc. To establish and contrast: what does the group already know – what does the group want to find out Students spontaneously name aspects that they consider as interesting and relevant Activation of prior knowledge and real-world experiences – students should link the problem statement to existing knowledge Non-linear, free-floating process of problem solving 4 Categorising and structuring of Brainstorming Keywords from Brainstorming are put into similar categories (according to question type; why, how, what consequences, etc.)


id: cgn-63
author: van der Cingel, Paul
date: 2018-01-31
pages: 13
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4975
sentence: 259
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cgn-63.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-63.txt
title:
  How to educate navigators in a complex world: making a case in higher professional education in The Netherlands

summary:
  Special Issue: Teaching Complexity, p. 19-31 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-63 26 University of Bamberg Press We started out by trying to construct learning objectives that captured the essence of student skills needed to deal with complexity. Special Issue: Teaching Complexity, p. 19-31 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-63 30 University of Bamberg Press Conclusion and discussion In this article, we argued that there is a compelling case for designing, testing and implementing embedded complexity workshops (ECW’s) in Dutch higher professional education.


id: cgn-39
author: Stoelhorst, J.W.
title: Better Than Rational: A Naturalistic View of Economic Governance
date: 2017-01-16
pages: 15
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9446
sentence: 437
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cgn-39.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-39.txt
summary:
  Moreover, in building empirically grounded explanations of human behavior and organization, it also offers an alternative to the traditional view of governance in economic theory, with its emphasis on decentralized exchange and rational self-interested choice. Whereas economic theory has comprehensively illuminated the virtues and limitations of markets, it has traditionally paid less attention to other institutional arrangements.”


id: cgn-56
author: Cairney, Paul; Geyer, Robert
date: 2017-06-27
pages: 11
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6410
sentence: 350
flesch: 51
cache: cache/cgn-56.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-56.txt
title:
  A critical Discussion of Complexity Theory: How does 'Complexity Thinking' improve our Understanding of Politics and Policymaking?

summary:
  Keywords: Complexity theory; Interdisciplinarity; Policy studies; Democratic accountability; Pragmatism Introduction It is customary to describe complexity theory as new, exciting, and interdisciplinary (Mitchell, 2009, p. x). How can policy theory have an impact on policymaking?


id: cgn-99
author: Faude, Benjamin
title: International Institutions in Hard Times: How Complexity Increases Resilience
date: 2021-02-15
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5714
sentence: 325
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cgn-99.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-99.txt
summary:
  The preceding section established that, given the proliferation of international institutions over the past decades, any analysis of the resilience of contemporary international institutions should take their embeddedness into institutional complexity (as defined above) into account. Keywords: international institutions; institutional complexity; resilience; sociological differentiation theory Introduction Institutional complexity is the central structural feature of contemporary global governance.


id: cgn-81
author: Spett, Emma J
date: 2019-10-24
pages: 16
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6923
sentence: 316
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cgn-81.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-81.txt
title:
  Building Resilience in Trans-boundary Social-Ecological Systems: Adaptive Governance in the Lake Champlain Richelieu River Basin

summary:
  Floods of consequence that encompassed the entire Lake Champlain Richelieu River basin include both the spring and summer floods of 2011, and August of 1976. 2.1 Tools and Options for Management At present, some of the management options being utilized to deal with flooding on the trans- boundary Lake Champlain Richelieu River basin include localized efforts to mitigate the impact of flooding, including sandbagging around neighborhoods and roads that are particularly vulnerable to damage.


id: cgn-50
author: Hazy, James K
title: Teaching Complexity and Its Practical Implications in Leadership Development Programs
date: 2018-01-31
pages: 21
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10558
sentence: 588
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cgn-50.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-50.txt
summary:
  This seminar presents complexity leadership as an emerging imperative for today’s leaders. In contrast, complexity leadership is interested in the process of identifying, framing and then moving the system in the right direction.


id: cgn-68
author: Mumtaz, Muhammad; H. Ali, Saleem
date: 2019-10-24
pages: 20
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8106
sentence: 449
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cgn-68.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-68.txt
title:
  Adaptive Governance and sub-national Climate Change Policy: A comparative analysis of Khyber Pukhtunkhawa and Punjab Provinces in Pakistan

summary:
  The KPK province is governed by his party and it is considered the most vulnerable to climate change province in Pakistan. One of the most important factors which influenced the success of climate change governance is the involvement and active interest of the top political leadership (Meadowcroft 2009).


id: cgn-91
author: Fowler, Luke
title: Key Questions for Forming Partnerships: A Review and Research Agenda
date: 2021-02-15
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7762
sentence: 479
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cgn-91.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-91.txt
summary:
  In general, existing scholarship on partnership formation argues that partnerships are a function of resource-exchanges, available partners, or fragmented authorities, and assumes a pragmatic managerial approach to these arrangements (Grady and Chen, 2006; Feiock and Scholz, 2009). Garbage Can Theory (GCT) of organizational choice as a guiding framework to identify key issues that affect partnerships formation and tie this disjointed set of literature together.


id: cgn-55
author: Galaz, Victor; Pierre, Jon
title: Superconnected, Complex and Ultrafast: Governance of Hyperfunctionality in Financial Markets
date: 2017-06-27
pages: 19
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11109
sentence: 625
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cgn-55.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-55.txt
summary:
  Keywords: complexity; financial markets; algorithmic trade; governance; network governance 1. Introduction Trade in financial markets relies fundamentally on information flows.


id: cgn-57
author: Schipper, Danny; Gerrits, Lasse
date: 2017-06-27
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11314
sentence: 564
flesch: 55
cache: cache/cgn-57.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-57.txt
title:
  Communication and Sensemaking in the Dutch Railway System: Explaining coordination failure between teams using a mixed methods approach

summary:
  The formal procedures prescribe that train dispatchers should be notified immediately in the event that rail infrastructure is no longer safe to be used. Train dispatcher: “Look, a situation is safe or unsafe!


id: cgn-75
author: Hammond Wagner, Courtney Ryder
date: 2019-10-24
pages: 19
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9917
sentence: 448
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cgn-75.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-75.txt
title:
  Strengthening the institution-behavior link in the SES Framework to facilitate comparative analysis of environmental public goods dilemmas

summary:
  This flexibility means that we can use a variety of decision-making and behavioral theories to better http://dx.doi.org/ Complexity, Governance & Networks – Vol. 5, No 1 (2019) Special Issue: Adaptive Governance of Coupled Social-Ecological Systems, p. 5-23 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-75 15 University of Bamberg Press understand SES actor behavior and outcomes. Many environmental challenges take the form of environmental public goods dilemmas, including climate change, water quality deterioration and biodiversity loss.


id: cgn-89
author: Padot, Rebecca
date: 2019-10-24
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10655
sentence: 675
flesch: 54
cache: cache/cgn-89.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-89.txt
title:
  How Effective Public Managers Transform Separation of Powers into “Inseparable Powers” in United States Foster Care Administration Networks

summary:
  Since the literature has acknowledged the value of public manager networks and collaboration, the research question posed here seeks to understand whether the public managers who utilized collaborative external networks produced better foster care outcomes. Delaware and Michigan represented top- performing foster care states and New York and Rhode Island represented bottom-performing foster care states based on this outcomes data.


id: cgn-80
date: 2019-10-24
pages: 20
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11929
sentence: 581
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cgn-80.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-80.txt
author:
  Panikkar, Bindu; Zia, Asim; Sgorbati, Susan; Cohen, Michael; Abid, Muhammand; Fayyaz, Muhammad; Hashimi, Nadia; Ali, Shaukat; Ahmad, Monir; Aman, Zuhra; Halasah, Suleiman; Rice, Diana; Del Rossi, Gemma; Ryan, Benjamin; Hameed, Kashif; Hussain, Mujahid; Salimee, Naeem

title:
  Transboundary Water Governance in the Kabul River Basin: Implementing Environmental and Public Diplomacy Between Pakistan and Afghanistan

summary:
  Transboundary waters: Current status of cooperative efforts on transboundary waters. Water Cooperation efforts in the Kabul River Basin Focusing on transboundary water conflicts and governance using traditional neo-realist/neo- institutionalist paradigms is an insufficient approach to understanding the complex dynamics of transboundary water cooperation.


id: cgn-72
author: Webster, DG; Pavlovich, Tyler
title: Responsive Governance and Harmful Microbial Blooms on Lake Erie: An ABM Approach
date: 2019-10-24
pages: 41
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 15736
sentence: 823
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cgn-72.pdf
txt: txt/cgn-72.txt
summary:
  Action There are two main types of actions in the model: constituents can send signals to government agents and government agents can regulate nutrient levels, and farmer agents change the nutrients applied to their patches once regulations are put in place. If bloom signals are strong enough to generate high levels of public or interest group attention, policy maker agents will also receive indirect signals from their constituents, pressuring them to take action to reduce bloom activity.


# url

id: cgn-104
domain: www.pewresearch.org
url:
  https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/09/21/international-cooperation-welcomed-across-14complexity


id: cgn-104
domain: betterworldcampaign.org
url:
  https://betterworldcampaign.org/wpcontent/uploads/2020/09/executive-summary-september-u.s.-un-poll.pdfnewman


id: cgn-104
domain: www.pewresearch.org
url:
  https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/09/21/international-cooperation-welcomed-across-14-advancedeconomies/


id: cgn-102
domain: climatecasechart.com
url:
  http://climatecasechart.com/non-us-case/armando-ferrao-carvalho-andothers-v-the-european-parliament-and-the-council/


id: cgn-102
domain: climatecasechart.com
url:
  http://climatecasechart.com/non-us-case/armando-ferrao-carvalho-and-others-v-the-european-parliament-and-the-council


id: cgn-107
domain: www.theguardian.com
url:
  https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jan/13/ocean-temperatures-hit-record-high-as-rate-of-heatingaccelerates


id: cgn-107
domain: www.theguardian.com
url:
  https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jan/13/ocean-temperatures-hit-record-high-as-rate-of-heating-accelerates


id: cgn-34
domain: vjel.vermontlaw.edu
url:
  http://vjel.vermontlaw.edu/publications/water-pollution-in-the-green-mountain-state-a-casestudy-of-law-cience-and-culture-in-the-management-of-public-water-resources


id: cgn-42
domain: www.lowtechmagazine.com
url:
  http://www.lowtechmagazine.com/2013/12/high-speed-trains-are-killing-the-europeanrailway-network.html


id: cgn-42
domain: www.lowtechmagazine.com
url:
  http://www.lowtechmagazine.com/2013/12/high-speed-trains-are-killing-the-european-railway-network.html


id: cgn-45
domain: www.brighton.ac.uk
url:
  https://www.brighton.ac.uk/ssparc/research-projects/the-brighton-systems-knowledge-exchangeproject-.aspx)


id: cgn-45
domain: www.brighton.ac.uk
url:
  https://www.brighton.ac.uk/ssparc/research-projects/the-brighton-systems-knowledge-exchange-project-.aspx


id: cgn-63
domain: www.windesheim.com
url:
  https://www.windesheim.com/aboutwindesheim/news/2017/september/windesheim-again-high-in-keuzegids-hbo-ranking


id: cgn-81
domain: www.cbc.ca
url:
  https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mayor-of-saint-jean-sur-richelieu-aka-the-bulldozer-sharesflood-wisdom-1.4108375


id: cgn-55
domain: clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu
url:
  http://clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu/2015/11/12/hft-class-action-defeats-and-the-challenge-to-regulators


id: cgn-55
domain: www.institutionalinvestor.com
url:
  http://www.institutionalinvestor.com/article/3349687/asset-managementequities/high-frequency-trading-gets-a-mixed-reception-in-emerging-markets.html#.vrwifgtf_7c


id: cgn-55
domain: www.institutionalinvestor.com
url:
  http://www.institutionalinvestor.com/article/3349687/asset-management-equities/high-frequency-trading-gets-a-mixed-reception-in-emerging-markets.html#.vrwifgtf_7c


id: cgn-55
domain: www.institutionalinvestor.com
url:
  http://www.institutionalinvestor.com/article/3328158/banking-and-capital-markets-trading-andtechnology/a-much-needed-hft-primer-for-flash-boys-author-michael-lewis.html#.u6ygpi1dwjg


id: cgn-55
domain: www.bloomberg.com
url:
  http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-10-12/commodity-regulator-to-review-algorithmictrading-after-may-market-plunge.html


id: cgn-55
domain: www.institutionalinvestor.com
url:
  http://www.institutionalinvestor.com/article/3328158/banking-and-capital-markets-trading-and-technology/a-much-needed-hft-primer-for-flash-boys-author-michael-lewis.html#.u6ygpi1dwjg


id: cgn-55
domain: www.bloombergview.com
url:
  http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2014-04-01/weil-on-finance-fbi-hops-on-michael-lewis-bandwagon


id: cgn-55
domain: www.bloomberg.com
url:
  http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-10-12/commodity-regulator-to-review-algorithmic-trading-after-may-market-plunge.html


id: cgn-55
domain: articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com
url:
  http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-0201/news/36684553_1_forward-markets-commission-algos-high-frequency-trades


id: cgn-55
domain: www.economist.com
url:
  http://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21601294-bold-new-law-will-reshape-europes-capitalmarkets-bigger-bang


id: cgn-55
domain: www.thebureauinvestigates.com
url:
  http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/09/17/inside-the-european-negotiations-that-could-rein-in-hft


id: cgn-55
domain: clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu
url:
  http://clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu/2015/11/12/hft-classaction-defeats-and-the-challenge-to-regulators


id: cgn-55
domain: www.thebureauinvestigates.com
url:
  http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/09/17/inside-theeuropean-negotiations-that-could-rein-in-hft


id: cgn-55
domain: articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com
url:
  http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-02-01/news/36684553_1_forward-markets-commission-algos-high-frequency-trades


id: cgn-55
domain: www.economist.com
url:
  http://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21601294-bold-new-law-will-reshape-europes-capital-markets-bigger-bang


id: cgn-89
domain: doi.org
url:
  https://www.innovations.harvard.edu/awardshttps://www.innovations.harvard.edu/awardshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00662.x


id: cgn-89
domain: www.nga.org
url:
  http://www.nga.org/cms/home/news-room/news-releases/2013--news-releases/col2content/states-toimprove-social-well-be.html


id: cgn-89
domain: www.nga.org
url:
  http://www.nga.org/cms/home/nga-center-for-best-practices/meeting--webcastmaterials/pageehsw-meetings-webcasts/col2-content/main-content-list/three-branch-institute-on-chi1.html


id: cgn-89
domain: dx.doi.org
url:
  http://www.nga.org/cms/home/news-room/news-releases/2013--news-releases/col2-%09content/states-tohttp://www.nga.org/cms/home/news-room/news-releases/2013--news-releases/col2-%09content/states-tohttp://www.nga.org/cms/home/nga-center-for-best-practices/meeting--webcast-%09materials/page-ehswhttp://www.nga.org/cms/home/nga-center-for-best-practices/meeting--webcast-%09materials/page-ehswhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2f0275074012445780


id: cgn-80
domain: economictimes.indiatimes.com
url:
  https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/pakistans-punjab-province-ispoisoning-sindh/articleshow/63711014.cms


id: cgn-80
domain: www.internationalwaterlaw.org
url:
  https://www.internationalwaterlaw.org/blog/2015/07/23/the-helmand-river-and-the-afghan-iraniantreaty-of-1973


id: cgn-80
domain: www.fmreview.org
url:
  https://www.fmreview.org/sites/fmr/files/fmrdownloads/en/september-11th-has-anything-changed/ruiz.pdf


id: cgn-80
domain: pk.boell.org
url:
  https://pk.boell.org/2017/07/31/transboundary-basin-management-under-conditions-latent-conflict-multi-sectoraland-multi


id: cgn-80
domain: documents.worldbank.org
url:
  http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/877711468187751455/pdf/797210v20bri0p0box0379789b00public0


# ent

id: cgn-102
sid: 277
eid: 2
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://climatecasechart.com/non-us-case/armando-ferrao-carvalho-andothers-v-the-european-parliament-and-the-council/. gehring


id: cgn-29
sid: 462
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  http://www.uvm.edu/giee/ pubpdfs/troy_2007_lake_champlain_basin_program.pdf united states environmental protection agency


id: cgn-104
sid: 142
eid: 2
type: ORG
entity:
  https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/09/21/international-cooperation-welcomed-across-14complexity, governance & networks


id: cgn-104
sid: 484
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/09/21/international-cooperation-welcomed-across-14-advancedeconomies/.


id: cgn-48
sid: 171
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-48 http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2013/entries/reasoning-analogy/ http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2013/entries/reasoning-analogy/


id: cgn-54
sid: 247
eid: 2
type: GPE
entity:
  https://media.sitra.fi/2017/03/15145726/reflections_on_the_leadership_under_complexit y_workshop1.pdf


id: cgn-33
sid: 356
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  http:// www.businessofgovernment.org/report/inter-organizational-networks-review-literature-inform-practice provan


id: cgn-45
sid: 105
eid: 2
type: ORG
entity:
  https://www.brighton.ac.uk/ssparc/research-projects/the-brighton-systems-knowledge-exchangeproject-.aspx


id: cgn-45
sid: 106
eid: 1
type: PRODUCT
entity:
  https://www.brighton.ac.uk/ssparc/research-projects/the-brighton-systems-knowledge-exchange-project-.aspx https://www.brighton.ac.uk/ssparc/research-projects/the-brighton-systems-knowledge-exchange-project-.aspx https://www.brighton.ac.uk/ssparc/research-projects/the-brighton-systems-knowledge-exchange-project-.aspx https://www.brighton.ac.uk/ssparc/research-projects/the-brighton-systems-knowledge-exchange-project-.aspx


id: cgn-34
sid: 307
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://vjel.vermontlaw.edu/publications/water-pollution-in-the-green-mountain-state-a-casestudy-of-law-cience-and-culture-in-the-management-of-public-water-resources/ fortunato


id: cgn-42
sid: 349
eid: 1
type: GPE
entity:
  http://www.lowtechmagazine.com/2013/12/high-speed-trains-are-killing-the-european-railway-network.html http://www.lowtechmagazine.com/2013/12/high-speed-trains-are-killing-the-european-railway-network.html http://www.economist.com/node/1200637


id: cgn-63
sid: 215
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.studyinholland.nl/education-system http://www.vsnu.nl/f_c_ingeschreven_studenten.html http://www.vereniginghogescholen.nl/hogescholen https://www.windesheiminternational.nl/


id: cgn-35
sid: 509
eid: 6
type: ORG
entity:
  australian journal of public administration canadian public administration evaluation review financial accountability


id: cgn-35
sid: 509
eid: 8
type: ORG
entity:
  policy analysis &management journal of public administration research &theory journal of public budgeting


id: cgn-39
sid: 385
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  ww norton & company http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayjournal?jid=bbs http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayjournal?jid=bbs


id: cgn-68
sid: 135
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-68 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/list_of_pakistani_provinces_by_gross_domestic_product


id: cgn-55
sid: 294
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-55 http://www.forest-trends.org/documents/files/doc_2399.pdf http://www.forest-trends.org/documents/files/doc_2399.pdf complexity


id: cgn-55
sid: 381
eid: 4
type: ORG
entity:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-55 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/10/14/ar2008101403343.html


id: cgn-55
sid: 437
eid: 3
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu/2015/11/12/hft-class-action-defeats-and-the-challenge-to-regulators/


id: cgn-55
sid: 547
eid: 2
type: ORG
entity:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-55 http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/a6dbd6d4-c32c-11e0-9109-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3vrnkf5oo http://www.cftc.gov/idc/groups/public/@otherif/documents/ifdocs/opa-jointreport-sec-051810.pdf http://www.cftc.gov/idc/groups/public/@aboutcftc/documents/file/jacreport_021811.pdf


id: cgn-55
sid: 585
eid: 2
type: EVENT
entity:
  http://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/knowledge/publications/115236/mifid-ii-mifir-series http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-55 http://www.institutionalinvestor.com/article/3328158/banking-and-capital-markets-trading-and-technology/a-much-needed-hft-primer-for-flash-boys-author-michael-lewis.html#.u6ygpi1dwjg


id: cgn-55
sid: 586
eid: 1
type: EVENT
entity:
  http://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/knowledge/publications/115236/mifid-ii-mifir-series http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/01/14/uk-eu-mifid-idukbrea0d1ma20140114 http://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/knowledge/publications/115236/mifid-ii-mifir-series


id: cgn-55
sid: 615
eid: 2
type: EVENT
entity:
  http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/be191d8e-09a8-11e2-a424-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2rbeylmup http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-55


id: cgn-55
sid: 617
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21601294-bold-new-law-will-reshape-europes-capital-markets-bigger-bang http://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21601294-bold-new-law-will-reshape-europes-capital-markets-bigger-bang http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/09/17/inside-the-european-negotiations-that-could-rein-in-hft/ http://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/knowledge/publications/115236/mifid-ii-mifir-series


id: cgn-55
sid: 617
eid: 2
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu/2015/11/12/hft-class-action-defeats-and-the-challenge-to-regulators/ http://clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu/2015/11/12/hft-class-action-defeats-and-the-challenge-to-regulators/


id: cgn-55
sid: 619
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  http://www.efinancialnews.com/story/2011-10-21/mifid-two-in-a-nutshell http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/01/14/uk-eu-mifid-idukbrea0d1ma20140114 http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/09/17/inside-the-european-negotiations-that-could-rein-in-hft/ http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/09/17/inside-the-european-negotiations-that-could-rein-in-hft/ http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/be191d8e-09a8-11e2-a424-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2rbeylmup


id: cgn-89
sid: 626
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/systems/afcars/fedguid.htm u.s. department of health and human services


id: cgn-89
sid: 631
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/pubs/cwo03/cwo03.pdf u.s. department of health and human services


id: cgn-89
sid: 662
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgnhttp://www.ncsl.org/aboutus.aspx http://www.nga.org/cms/home/news-room/news-releases/2013--news-releases/col2-%09content/states-tohttp://www.nga.org/cms/home/news-room/news-releases/2013--news-releases/col2-%09content/states-tohttp://www.nga.org/cms/home/nga-center-for-best-practices/meeting--webcast-%09materials/page-ehswhttp://www.nga.org/cms/home/nga-center-for-best-practices/meeting--webcast-%09materials/page-ehswhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2f0275074012445780 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/976691 https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01405730 http://dx.doi.org/10.7564/15-cgn23 http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/pubs/cwo03/cwo03.pdf


id: cgn-80
sid: 413
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.internationalwaterlaw.org/blog/2015/07/23/the-helmand-river-and-the-afghan-iraniantreaty-of-1973/ hussain


id: cgn-80
sid: 435
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/2017/03/02/afghanistan-pakistan-treaty-on-the-kabul-river-basin/ kiani, k. (


id: cgn-80
sid: 502
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  https://www.fmreview.org/sites/fmr/files/fmrdownloads/en/september-11th-has-anything-changed/ruiz.pdf saeed


id: cgn-80
sid: 505
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://pk.boell.org/2017/07/31/transboundary-basin-management-under-conditions-latent-conflict-multi-sectoraland-multi salman


id: cgn-72
sid: 638
eid: 5
type: ORG
entity:
  attention.span.intake.ud 66 attention.span.intake.cbo 66 attention.span.seeing.ud 66 attention.span.seeing.cbo 66 attention.span.tourism.ud 66 attention.span.tourism.cbo


# pos

id: cgn-102
sid: 277
tid: 9
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://climatecasechart.com/non-us-case/armando-ferrao-carvalho-andothers-v-the-european-parliament-and-the-council/.

lemma:
  http://climatecasechart.com/non-us-case/armando-ferrao-carvalho-andothers-v-the-european-parliament-and-the-council/.


id: cgn-102
sid: 289
tid: 34
pos: VERB
token:
  http://climatecasechart.com/non-us-case/armando-ferrao-carvalho-and-others-v-the-european-parliament-and-the-council/

lemma:
  http://climatecasechart.com/non-us-case/armando-ferrao-carvalho-and-others-v-the-european-parliament-and-the-council/


id: cgn-107
sid: 359
tid: 24
pos: VERB
token:
  https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jan/13/ocean-temperatures-hit-record-high-as-rate-of-heating-accelerates

lemma:
  https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jan/13/ocean-temperatures-hit-record-high-as-rate-of-heating-accelerate


id: cgn-34
sid: 307
tid: 3
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://vjel.vermontlaw.edu/publications/water-pollution-in-the-green-mountain-state-a-casestudy-of-law-cience-and-culture-in-the-management-of-public-water-resources/

lemma:
  http://vjel.vermontlaw.edu/publications/water-pollution-in-the-green-mountain-state-a-casestudy-of-law-cience-and-culture-in-the-management-of-public-water-resources/


id: cgn-63
sid: 242
tid: 3
pos: VERB
token:
  https://www.windesheim.com/aboutwindesheim/news/2017/september/windesheim-again-high-in-keuzegids-hbo-ranking/

lemma:
  https://www.windesheim.com/aboutwindesheim/news/2017/september/windesheim-again-high-in-keuzegids-hbo-ranking/


id: cgn-55
sid: 592
tid: 19
pos: NOUN
token:
  http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-0201/news/36684553_1_forward-markets-commission-algos-high-frequency-trades

lemma:
  http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-0201/news/36684553_1_forward-markets-commission-algos-high-frequency-trade


id: cgn-55
sid: 599
tid: 18
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/09/17/inside-the-european-negotiations-that-could-rein-in-hft/

lemma:
  http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/09/17/inside-the-european-negotiations-that-could-rein-in-hft/


id: cgn-55
sid: 603
tid: 12
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu/2015/11/12/hft-classaction-defeats-and-the-challenge-to-regulators/

lemma:
  http://clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu/2015/11/12/hft-classaction-defeats-and-the-challenge-to-regulators/


id: cgn-55
sid: 613
tid: 7
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/09/17/inside-theeuropean-negotiations-that-could-rein-in-hft/

lemma:
  http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/09/17/inside-theeuropean-negotiations-that-could-rein-in-hft/


id: cgn-55
sid: 616
tid: 3
pos: VERB
token:
  http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-02-01/news/36684553_1_forward-markets-commission-algos-high-frequency-trades

lemma:
  http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-02-01/news/36684553_1_forward-markets-commission-algos-high-frequency-trade


id: cgn-80
sid: 413
tid: 3
pos: PRON
token:
  https://www.internationalwaterlaw.org/blog/2015/07/23/the-helmand-river-and-the-afghan-iraniantreaty-of-1973/

lemma:
  https://www.internationalwaterlaw.org/blog/2015/07/23/the-helmand-river-and-the-afghan-iraniantreaty-of-1973/


