item: #1 of 407
          id: cjfa-10413
      author: Dziawgo, Leszek
       title: Introduction
        date: 2016
       words: 174
      flesch: 45
     summary: The Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting is becoming an important fo- rum for such international cooperation for both theoreticians as well as prac- titioners. There is no doubt that international scientific cooperation increases positive scientific impact on Economy.
    keywords: journal
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        item: #2 of 407
          id: cjfa-10414
      author: Akan, Mustafa
       title: A dynamic model of a nonlife insurance company
        date: 2016
       words: 16585
      flesch: 65
     summary: G pA k T b                           (10) B a a B a r pAG M G k bM G                 '( ) ( ) ( ) G t a t G t  1 2 2 1 2 1 2' c ( ) (1 ( ) )
    keywords: equation; g t;  ;  ;  ;  
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        item: #3 of 407
          id: cjfa-10415
      author: Bolibok, Piotr
       title: An empirical evaluation of selected accounting-based value drivers in the Polish banking sector
        date: 2016
       words: 6089
      flesch: 52
     summary: In turn, Gosh (2009) demon- strates that bank value is determined not only by the size but also by operating efficiency as he finds significant negative association between banks’ charter values and both natural logarithm of total assets and C/I ratio. Financial innovation, Basel Accord III, and bank value.
    keywords: accounting; assets; banks; charter; equity; size; value; � �
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        item: #4 of 407
          id: cjfa-10416
      author: Braga, João Paulo; Gomes, Luís M. Pereira
       title: The Impact of the Preliminary Announcement on the Abnormal Returns of the Companies Involved in Takeover Bids in the Portuguese Stock Market between 2000 and 2014
        date: 2016
       words: 14978
      flesch: 50
     summary: [8] �������� � � ���� �� ���� [9] where ���� represents the average abnormal return in relation to all stocks in � period, � is the number of companies in analysis, �� is the number of weeks in relation to the period studied and �������� represents the cumulative average abnormal return between week �� and week ��. [8] �������� � � ���� �� ���� [9] where ���� represents the average abnormal return in relation to all stocks in � period, � is the number of companies in analysis, �� is the number of weeks in relation to the period studied and �������� represents the cumulative average abnormal return between week �� and week ��.
    keywords: announcement; average; bid; bids; companies; model; returns; stock; takeover; takeover bid; target companies; term �; week �; � constituent; � period; � �
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        item: #5 of 407
          id: cjfa-10421
      author: Erdoğan, Namık Kemal; Altınırmak, Serpil; Karamaşa, Çağlar
       title: Comparison of multi criteria decision making (MCDM) methods with respect to performance of food firms listed in BIST
        date: 2016
       words: 19670
      flesch: 61
     summary: Comparison of multi criteria decision making (MCDM) methods with respect to performance of food firms listed in BIST. In other words VIKOR based on measure of closeness to ideal solution is multi criteria decision ranking index (Opricovic, Tzeng 2004).
    keywords: alternative; criteria; decision; decision matrix; matrix; solution; xxxx; ;  ;  ;  ;  
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        item: #6 of 407
          id: cjfa-10422
      author: Hofbauer, Günter; Klimontowicz, Monika; Nocoń, Aleksandra
       title: Basel III Equity Requirements and a Contemporary Rating Approach
        date: 2016
       words: 6539
      flesch: 56
     summary: The above capital has to be considered as equity capital, according to na- tional accounting standards. Today both countries fulfil the Basel requirements but the share of equity capital in total assets is still at the higher level in Poland (see Figure 3).
    keywords: banks; basel; basel iii; capital; companies; equity; iii; rating; risk
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        item: #7 of 407
          id: cjfa-10423
      author: Konovalova, Natalia; Dalecka, Snezhana
       title: Analysis and evaluation of capital adequacy in Latvian banking system
        date: 2016
       words: 6882
      flesch: 52
     summary: Analysis of factors influencing capital adequacy in different groups of Latvian commercial banks Before performing analysis of Latvian banking sector’s capital adequacy level, evaluation of capital adequacy of Latvian banks in comparison to oth- er European countries should be made. Therefore estimates should be made in a timely manner to evaluate im- pact of these changes on bank capital requirements taking into consideration long-term strategy.
    keywords: banking; banks; basel; capital; capital adequacy; group; iii; latvian; risk
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        item: #8 of 407
          id: cjfa-10424
      author: Kuligowska, Angelika
       title: Scope and assessment of the insurance for members of voluntary fire brigades provided by local government
        date: 2016
       words: 6319
      flesch: 51
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2016.007 angelika kuligowska* Nicolaus Copernicus University scope and assessMent of the insurance for MeMbers of voluntary fire brigades provided by local governMent Keywords: voluntary fire brigade (VFB), accident insurance of voluntary fire brigades, insurance, local government insurance. Among the examined local government, the most advantageous offers for VFB member insurance were proposed by six insurance companies, out of which the most frequently – 7 times, it was Towarzystwo Ubezpieczeń Wza- jemnych „TUW”.
    keywords: accident insurance; act; brigades; damage; fire; government; insurance; members; rescue; scope; vfb
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        item: #9 of 407
          id: cjfa-10425
      author: Lakštutienė, Aušrinė; Barkauskaitė, Aida
       title: Evaluation of relationship between banks lending activities and the economies in Baltic countries
        date: 2016
       words: 8448
      flesch: 54
     summary: In 2009 the economic crisis affected the Bal- tic countries economies, the total amount of non-financial corporations loans began to decline. These results indicate that in order to predict the Latvian households and non-financial corporate lending volumes, it is possible to use the data of GDP. 
    keywords: activities; countries; gdp; growth; lending; loans; non; � �
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        item: #10 of 407
          id: cjfa-10426
      author: Maciejczyk-Bujnowicz, Iwona
       title: Capital Flows in European Union on the Basis of International Investment Position – Selected Aspects
        date: 2016
       words: 7999
      flesch: 57
     summary: It means the balance of Poland’s financial debt to foreign countries was annually on average -54.7% in the period covered by the study. It means the balance of Poland’s financial debt to foreign countries was annually on average -54.7% in the period covered by the study.
    keywords: capital; countries; gdp; iip; integration; liabilities; net; poland; share; structure
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        item: #11 of 407
          id: cjfa-10427
      author: Papazov, Emil; Mihaylova, Lyudmila
       title: Accountancy-Based Sources of Information for Planning Purposes in SMEs
        date: 2016
       words: 4004
      flesch: 37
     summary: However, having in mind the research purpose, an attempt has been made to synthesize main information sources and to present some of their charac- teristics. Research premises and the focus of the research process Corporate planning requires basic information sources.
    keywords: accessibility; accountancy; actuality; data; information; liabilities; planning; quality; smes; sources
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        item: #12 of 407
          id: cjfa-10428
      author: Ryszawska, Bożena
       title: Sustainability transition needs sustainable finance
        date: 2016
       words: 3332
      flesch: 38
     summary: The consequences of sustainability transition in finance is a huge challenge for science to address all important issues, to help the audience to understand new process, to design survey, to create new models and tools to explain struc- ture and function of sustainable finance system. The third section discusses the emerging financial initiatives supporting sustainability transition and autor`s view on sustainable financial system.
    keywords: carbon; climate; economy; finance; green; sustainability; system; transition
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        item: #13 of 407
          id: cjfa-10429
      author: ., .
       title: For Authors
        date: 2016
       words: 1129
      flesch: 29
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publi- cation in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 29 May 2013 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #14 of 407
          id: cjfa-10430
      author: ., .
       title: Editorial pages
        date: 2016
       words: 924
      flesch: 51
     summary: Waldemar Tarczyński, Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Titular Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Siniša Zarić, Ph.D., University of Belgrade, Serbia Prof. dr hab. Jan Turyna, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. dr hab.
    keywords: dr hab; hab; poland; prof; university
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        item: #15 of 407
          id: cjfa-12557
      author: Dziawgo, Leszek
       title: Introduction
        date: 2017
       words: 185
      flesch: 46
     summary: CJFA offers an excellent possibility for scientists to publish their articles. This requires strong scientific support from us – scientists.
    keywords: scientists
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        item: #16 of 407
          id: cjfa-12559
      author: Akan, Mustafa
       title: SUSTAINABILITY, CONSUMPTION, AND TECHNOLOGY
        date: 2017
       words: 5622
      flesch: 69
     summary: Letting: / (1 ) 0 (1 ) / ( 1) 0 m 1 0 n 2 0 ((2 ) 1) / ( 1) 0 q (1 ) / ( 1) 0 s l p α γ θ γ γ µ θ θ γ γ α γ γ = − < = − − < = − < = − > = − − − < = − − − < In addition, for simplification, let: a = k/(θ-1) k c a nbT c dpc T c c bmT c dc qT − − − −− − = − − + − − = − − − + − − − (12) (13) For simplicity, we will rewrite these equations as: 1 2 3 4 ' ( ) ( ) (14) c'=C ( ) ( ) s s s s T C c c C T T c c C T T = − + − − + − (15) (14) (15) Where the capital Cs represents the terms multiplying (c-cs) and (T-Ts) where C1, C2, C4 are all negative.
    keywords: consumption; economic; growth; level; technology; − −; − −=; −= −
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        item: #17 of 407
          id: cjfa-12560
      author: Baser, Furkan; Gokten, Soner; Kucukkocaoglu, Guray; Ture, Hasan
       title: LIQUIDITY-PROFITABILITY TRADEOFF EXISTENCE IN TURKEY: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION UNDER STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING
        date: 2017
       words: 13655
      flesch: 52
     summary: Structural equation modelling is applied to provide a more comprehensive analysis and the functions of liquidity and profitability are constituted by us- ing Piotroski’s criterions of liquidity/solvency, operating efficiency and profit- ability to generate structural equation model of the study. In K. A. Bol- len & J.S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 132–162).
    keywords: financial; firms; fit; latent; liquidity; liquidity profitability; margin; market; model; profitability; turn; variables
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        item: #18 of 407
          id: cjfa-12561
      author: Boda, Michał
       title: THE IMPACT OF THE 2007–2009 FINANCIAL CRISIS ON RISK MANAGEMENT IN CREDIT INSTITUTIONS
        date: 2017
       words: 8390
      flesch: 58
     summary: 2 basic mod- els can be extracted (Iwanicz-Drozdowska, 2012, p. 247): �������� � ������ �������������������∗���������������������������������� ∗ 100% (5) ���������� � � ������������������������������������������������� ∗ 100% (6) 2 basic mod- els can be extracted (Iwanicz-Drozdowska, 2012, p. 247): �������� � ������ �������������������∗���������������������������������� ∗ 100% (5) ���������� � � ������������������������������������������������� ∗ 100% (6)
    keywords: business; capital; credit; institutions; models; risk; rorac; ∗ �; � ∗; � �
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        item: #19 of 407
          id: cjfa-12562
      author: Ciukaj, Radosław
       title: MANAGING FINANCIAL STABILITY BY THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK IN THE PERIOD 2008–2012
        date: 2017
       words: 5640
      flesch: 51
     summary: Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyze and to assess the anti-crisis tools, used by central banks during the last financial crisis to ensure the stability of the financial system, especially analyzing the unconventional measures used by the European Central Bank in the years 2008–2012. The first part of the article presents the tasks of the cen- tral bank in the financial safety net and traditional tools used by central banks to ensure financial stability, while the second part portrays the unconventional monetary policy instruments, which were used by ECB.
    keywords: bank; central; central bank; ecb; european; interest; market; policy; rates; stability; system
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        item: #20 of 407
          id: cjfa-12563
      author: Goodfellow, Christiane; Salm, Christian
       title: RISKY RISK MEASURES: A NOTE ON UNDERESTIMATING FINANCIAL RISK UNDER THE NORMAL ASSUMPTION
        date: 2017
       words: 16420
      flesch: 53
     summary: Since the bivariate cumulative distribution function is estimated: ��(�, �) = 1 �� (�� � �, �� � �) � �=1 we also estimate the copula with (��1, ��1),� , (���, ���) ��(�, �) = 1 �� (��� � �, ��� � �) � �=1 with (�, �) ∈ More formally, lower (upper) tail dependence refers to the probability that one portfolio component assumes very small (high) values we also estimate the copula with ��(�, �) = 1 �� (�� � �, �� � �) � �=1 we also estimate the copula with (��1, ��1),� , (���, ���) ��(�, �) = 1 �� (��� � �, ��� � �) � �=1 with (�, �) ∈
    keywords: coefficient �; covariance �; distribution; function �; parameter �; portfolio; risk; × �; � =; � ≤; � �
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        item: #21 of 407
          id: cjfa-12564
      author: Komorowski, Jan
       title: BUSINESS MODEL AND ITS DILEMMAS OF CHOICE
        date: 2017
       words: 5676
      flesch: 44
     summary: Business model and its dilemmas of choice. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2016.018 Jan KomorowsKi Warsaw School of Economics Business model and its dilemmas of choice Keywords: business model, strategy of enterprise, “upside – down” business orienta- tion, “bottom- up” business orientation, monetarism, monetaristic thinking.
    keywords: business; business model; capital; capital market; choice; companies; company; development; market; model; orientation; results; stock; value
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        item: #22 of 407
          id: cjfa-12565
      author: Krasovskis, Deniss; Limanskis, Andrejs; Pancenko, Erika
       title: MEASURING COMPETITIVENESS OF BANKS IN LATVIA
        date: 2017
       words: 6689
      flesch: 56
     summary: In World Bank publications (World Bank, 2016), as concerns measuring bank competition, the so-called structure-conduct-performance paradigm as- sumes that there is a stable, causal relationship between the structure of the banking industry, firm conduct, and performance. The first problem highlighted by interviewees was explanation of interac- tion between bank size (by customers) and financial indicators, such as ROE, ROA and liquidity ratio.
    keywords: analysis; assets; banking; banks; competitiveness; concentration; index; industry; latvia; market; sector; shares
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        item: #23 of 407
          id: cjfa-12566
      author: Murawski, Tomasz
       title: CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN JAPANESE BANKING SECTOR
        date: 2017
       words: 5533
      flesch: 57
     summary: Next it will present the comparison of the Japanese and world main growth in- dicators and the numbers of CSR reports. 5-14):  The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry – he is as CSR leader and is responsible for internal control, compliance with regulations and risk management, improvement of corporate competitiveness, human resources and corporate brands, and mostly for the pro- motion of CSR,  The Cabinet Office created Report by the Study Group on Social Responsibility for a Safe and Comfortable.
    keywords: banking; banks; csr; financial; group; japan; japanese; mufg; reporting; responsibility; sector; world
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        item: #24 of 407
          id: cjfa-12567
      author: Nowak, Kamil
       title: IMPLEMENTATION OF ALTERNATIVE INDEX WEIGHTING TO WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE
        date: 2017
       words: 7117
      flesch: 60
     summary: Fama, French and also Carhart examined certain factor’s impact on portfolio return. Global Minimum Vari- ance is designed to reduce portfolio risk and focuses on defining weights that will bring lowest possible portfolio volatility.
    keywords: alternative; cap; index; portfolio; return; risk; stocks; weighting; wig20; � �
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        item: #25 of 407
          id: cjfa-12568
      author: Peršić, Milena; Halmi, Lahorka
       title: DISCLOSING NON-FINANCIAL INFORMATION IN COMPANIES’ REPORTS IN CROATIA
        date: 2017
       words: 7204
      flesch: 44
     summary: Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 5(2), 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2016.022 Milena Peršić* University of Rijeka Lahorka haLmi** Karlovac University of Applied Sciences discLosing non-financiaL information in companies’ reports in croatia Keywords: companies’ reports, disclosure of non-financial information, Directive 2014/95/EU, GRI, KPIs, sustainability indicators. This research was focused on the structure of the indicators identified in non-financial reports, viewed as content-orien- ted and entry-oriented measures (attributes).
    keywords: attributes; companies; indicators; information; measures; non; number; reports; research; results; sum; sustainability; ☻ ☻
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        item: #26 of 407
          id: cjfa-12569
      author: Piotrowska, Anna Iwona
       title: FIELDS OF POTENTIAL USE OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES IN THE PAYMENT SERVICES MARKET IN POLAND – RESULTS OF AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
        date: 2017
       words: 7027
      flesch: 50
     summary: The study, which generated the original source material, was addressed to high-level managers employed in commercial banks, cooperative banks operat- ing in Poland and their associations, banking sector institutions (the National Bank of Poland, the Polish Bank Association), the national clearing house (KIR), card associations, domestic payment institutions and IT companies function- ing in the area of payment services, as well as acquirers. Positions held by the respondents The study, which generated the original source material, was addressed to high-level managers employed in commercial banks, cooperative banks operating in Poland and their associations, banking sector institutions (the National Bank of Poland, the Polish Bank Association), the national clearing house (KIR), card associations, domestic payment insti- tutions and IT companies functioning in the area of payment services, as well as acquirers.
    keywords: bitcoin; cryptocurrencies; experts; figure; institutions; market; mobile; payment; payment services; poland; services; services market; use
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        item: #27 of 407
          id: cjfa-12570
      author: Zimnicki, Tomasz
       title: RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING INSPIRATION FOR SEGMENT REPORTING
        date: 2017
       words: 6499
      flesch: 49
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2016.024 Tomasz zimnicki* Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń ResponsibiliTy accounTing inspiRaTion foR segmenT RepoRTing Keywords: decentralization, responsibility accounting, responsibility centres, multi- -block income statement, segment reporting. The heart of it were separate areas of the company called responsibility centres.
    keywords: accounting; centres; company; costs; information; management; reporting; responsibility; responsibility centres; segment
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        item: #28 of 407
          id: cjfa-12571
      author: b, m
       title: For Authors
        date: 2017
       words: 1126
      flesch: 29
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publi- cation in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 29 May 2013 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #29 of 407
          id: cjfa-12572
      author: Dzięcioł, Paweł
       title: A RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN INSURANCE UNDERTAKING
        date: 2017
       words: 3403
      flesch: 49
     summary: The course of the research process Apart from duty of running risk management system in insurer, therefore the legislator requires rules of risk management, internal control and audit, as well as outsourcing in black and white, referred to Article 46 (1) of Act. For example, the legislator imple- A risk mAnAgement system in insurAnce undertAking 83 ments the duty of risk management system for insurance undertaking, with an idea of risk management system effectiveness as well as expects economic per- formance (Ustawa o działalności ubezpieczeniowej, 2015, art.
    keywords: act; insurance; management; risk; risk management; solvency; system; undertakings
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        item: #30 of 407
          id: cjfa-12596
      author: ., .
       title: Editorial pages
        date: 2017
       words: 497
      flesch: 58
     summary: Jan Turyna, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warsaw University, Poland Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic Prof. Dr. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria C o v e r D e s i g n : The primary version of the Journal is the on-line version (www.cjfa.umk.pl), however the Journal is available both in print and electronic form. SECRETARY: dr Damian Walczak SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL Prof. Dr. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Dr. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Dr. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Dr. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Dr. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade University Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: prof
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        item: #31 of 407
          id: cjfa-13869
      author: Dziawgo, Leszek
       title: Introduction
        date: 2017
       words: 140
      flesch: 61
     summary: We are still open for scientists from all countries and universities who meet the quality requirements of our Journal. Also, the growing international scope of scientific co-operation by means of our Journal is respectable.
    keywords: journal
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        item: #32 of 407
          id: cjfa-13872
      author: Dziawgo, Danuta; Féria, Isidro; Saúde, Sandra
       title: HIGHER EDUCATION FUNDING: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PORTUGAL AND POLAND PUBLIC SYSTEMS
        date: 2017
       words: 5668
      flesch: 39
     summary: Yes Yes Implementation of formula funding unit cost model for teaching Funding formula on the national level Funding formula on the national level Distinction between teaching and re- search Component for research = 10% No distinction Criteria used in the teaching formula Number of students and degrees Number of students and degrees Distinction between full-time and part-time students Only full-time students are weighted No differentiation Planning of student numbers Estimation based on the develop- ments in the past years (+ 2% previous year) Estimation based on the develop- ments in the past years Price model versus distribution model Distribution model Distribution model Unit costs per student place in 2011 (euro) Differ between fields of study Differ between fields of study Criteria of allocation considering field of study and level Weightings (or coefficients) are used as an indirect form of government control over education areas. X X Adaptable to Econo- mic Conditions The funding formula should have the capacity to apply in a variety of economic situations, such as when the state demand for higher education is increasing, stable or decreasing.
    keywords: analysis; education; factor; formula; funding; heis; institutions; number; research; students; studies; time
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        item: #33 of 407
          id: cjfa-13873
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2017
       words: 1024
      flesch: 25
     summary: The Editorial Board reserves the right to choose articles for publication in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting and to shorten the text and make amendments in it without the Author’s consent. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: authors; finance
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        item: #34 of 407
          id: cjfa-13874
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2017
       words: 588
      flesch: 57
     summary: Józef Stawicki LIST OF REVIEWERS Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, SECRETARY: dr Damian Walczak SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: prof; university
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        item: #35 of 407
          id: cjfa-13875
      author: Drewniak, Zbigniew
       title: AN ANALYSIS OF BROKERAGE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE BIGGEST COMPANIES OF WIG20
        date: 2017
       words: 4751
      flesch: 45
     summary: An Analysis of Brokerage Recommendations for the Biggest Companies ZBIGNIEW DREWNIAK* AN ANALYSIS OF BROKERAGE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE BIGGEST COMPANIES OF WIG20 Keywords: recommendations, capital market, brokerage house. If, through valuation, the value of a com- pany’s stocks is set at the level V, then recommendations should be issued in ac- cordance with the following algorithm: (1) (2) where: c AN ANALYSIS OF BROKERAGE RECOMMENDATIONS… A recommending person should base the valuation on at least two methods.
    keywords: analysis; brokerage; company; number; period; price; rate; recommendations; return
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        item: #36 of 407
          id: cjfa-13877
      author: Kłobukowska, Justyna
       title: SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT IN ASIA
        date: 2017
       words: 2459
      flesch: 43
     summary: Socially responsible investment (SRI) is a kind of investment approach that considers the environmental and social impacts of investments in financial SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT IN ASIA analysis. Asian countries became a vital part of market too.
    keywords: asia; companies; development; investment; market; social; sri
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        item: #37 of 407
          id: cjfa-13878
      author: Lekashvili, Eka; Dodashvili, Veko
       title: LEGAL REGULATION OF TOURISM BUSINESS IN GEORGIA
        date: 2017
       words: 2953
      flesch: 36
     summary: If an enterprise specializes in tourism and operates in Georgia, it pays the profit tax; the enterprise shall incur an obligation of a tax agent towards em- ployees and shall withhold paid salaries at source and pay the income tax to the budget; bringing of tourists to tourist sites in the territory of Georgia in an organised manner and delivery of tourist service packages to them in the ter- ritory of Georgia by tour operators shall be exempt from VAT with the right of LEGAL REGULATION OF TOURISM BUSINESS IN GEORGIA of Georgia); the company shall pay the property tax (local tax) if it has fixed as- sets. Under the Law of Georgia on Tourism and Resorts, the term “tourism” is defined as “free, voluntary, temporary movement of people from their place of residence - law, it is defined as “services rendered by an entity engaged in tourism activ- ity including accommodations, catering, tour operations, transportation, excur- sions, recovery, rehabilitation, advertising, informational, cultural, sports, do- mestic, entertainment, etc. services for satisfying tourist requirements”.
    keywords: business; development; georgia; regulation; tax; tourism; travel
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        item: #38 of 407
          id: cjfa-13879
      author: Pys, Jan
       title: ROBUSTNESS OF THE BANK RESOLUTION FRAMEWORK IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
        date: 2017
       words: 3800
      flesch: 39
     summary: * Contact information: jan.pys.edu@gmail.com, Cracow University of Economics, JAN PYS* Cracow University of Economics ROBUSTNESS OF THE BANK RESOLUTION FRAMEWORK IN THE EUROPEAN UNION Keywords: bank, financial crises, resolution, liquidation, financial aspects of economic integration. This article is an attempt to demonstrate that the new European resolution framework contains provisions and tools that may limit the use of public funds in resolution of fa- iling banks.
    keywords: authorities; bank; border; crisis; european; framework; resolution
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        item: #39 of 407
          id: cjfa-13880
      author: Spiridonovs, Jurijs; Bogdanova, Olga
       title: EU ENERGY UNION: ADJUSTMENT TO THE NEW DEVELOPMENT CYCLE
        date: 2017
       words: 3286
      flesch: 42
     summary: Taking into account that fact that usually competences for practical transposition of different actions (mostly in form of legal acts) falls under responsibility of different institutions constant cross-checking to avoid decrease of potential synergies between the benefits provided by the five dimensions. energy policy is relatively new, however energy is one of the fundamental sectors of economy having significant impact on the development of any country. As energy interconnection projects are often not commercially justified, the EU financial support plays an important role in their realization (European Commission, 2016; Official Jour- The legal acts should be adjusted to practically ensure the sixth freedom of the EU: free flow of energy in the single EU market.
    keywords: commission; dimensions; energy; energy union; european; market; union
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        item: #40 of 407
          id: cjfa-15261
      author: Krupa, Dorota
       title: Introduction
        date: 2017
       words: 218
      flesch: 50
     summary: The mission of the journal remains to serve for the development of the science of finance as a forum of presentations and analyses of scientific papers in the scope of finance and accounting in the international dimension. Through interactions between re- searchers across different geographical regions, as a scientific journal, we want to play an important role in academic deliberations and create a place for the exchange of scientific views.
    keywords: journal
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        item: #41 of 407
          id: cjfa-15266
      author: Eden, David; Huffman, Paul; Holman, John
       title: HEAVY-TAILED DISTRIBUTIONS AND THE CANADIAN STOCK MARKET RETURNS
        date: 2017
       words: 3475
      flesch: 60
     summary: The density function is skewed to the right when t distribution specializes to the standard Student’s t distri- bution by setting the parameter (iii) Normal inverse Gaussian distribution (NIG): 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 ( ( ) ) http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2017.007 DAVID EDEN* Bank of Canada PAUL HUFFMAN** University of Manitoba JOHN HOLMAN*** Illinois State University HEAVY-TAILED DISTRIBUTIONS AND THE CANADIAN STOCK MARKET RETURNS Keywords: Value at Risk, GSPTSE, Skewed t distribution.
    keywords: distribution; market; returns; risk; skewed; stock
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        item: #42 of 407
          id: cjfa-15269
      author: Kraiński, Karol
       title: INVESTMENT PLATFORMS EVOLUTIONS – ETF FUNDS
        date: 2017
       words: 3163
      flesch: 61
     summary: The purpose of this article is to present the first ETF inve- stment platform in Poland. 24 Investment platform is an innovative solution bringing together many types of investment funds or insurance capital funds in one place. The construction invest- ment platforms can be compared to open-architecture product, because the platform offering investment funds not only its own brand but also other in- vestment companies (Dziawgo, 2005).
    keywords: alfa; etf; funds; insurance; investment; platform; pln
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        item: #43 of 407
          id: cjfa-15277
      author: Kułyk, Piotr; Augustowski, Łukasz
       title: CONVERGENCE OF HEALTH EXPENDITURE IN EU 12 AND V4 STATES
        date: 2017
       words: 2868
      flesch: 58
     summary: In the case under con- sideration, countries with lower levels of health expenditures increase them faster than those with relatively high levels of health expenditure. Health care expenditure is one of the most important types of state expend- iture.
    keywords: care; convergence; countries; expenditure; health; spending
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        item: #44 of 407
          id: cjfa-15278
      author: Nagy, Viktor
       title: THE ROLE OF THE AMOUNT OF MONEY IN RISK-TAKING
        date: 2017
       words: 3849
      flesch: 68
     summary: Expected value is often used in probability theory to determine the optimal choice. In 7.87% the preference was reversed: three persons changed their minds from the option of unknown probability to the certain one, while four persons moved in the opposite direction.
    keywords: alternative; case; money; probabilities; probability; question; risk
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        item: #45 of 407
          id: cjfa-15279
      author: Sadłakowski, Dominik
       title: THE ROLE OF INSTANT PAYMENT SYSTEMS IN THE POLISH ECONOMY
        date: 2017
       words: 3348
      flesch: 50
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2017.011 * Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun THE ROLE OF INSTANT PAYMENT SYSTEMS IN THE POLISH ECONOMY Keywords: payment system, instant payments, instant payment systems, real-time gross settlement. From the perspective of prop- erly understanding the specificity of payment system, it is crucial to determine payment instruments, used for money transfer, current standards and regulations of the functionality of payment in- struments, institutions managing accounts, i.e. central and commercial banks that mediate payments, subjects effecting setoff and settlement of payment orders, law regulations connected to transfer mechanisms and functioning of payment services’ market.
    keywords: bank; instant; payment; retail; settlement; system; value
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        item: #46 of 407
          id: cjfa-15280
      author: Škoda, Miroslav; Lengyelfalusy, Tomáš; Gabrhelová, Gabriela
       title: CREATIVE ACCOUNTING PRACTICIES IN SLOVAKIA AFTER PASSING FINANCIAL CRISIS
        date: 2017
       words: 5741
      flesch: 45
     summary: Abstract: Fraud in economics and accounting is the practice which is adopted within the framework of accounting system or in other words taking undue advantage of lo- opholes of accounting system is creative accounting. And one of the new ways is creative accounting.
    keywords: accounting; companies; company; earnings; financial; income; information; management; managers; practices; slovakia; tax
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        item: #47 of 407
          id: cjfa-15281
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2017
       words: 1056
      flesch: 27
     summary: CJFA_2_2017_DRUK.pdf FOR AUTHORS The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #48 of 407
          id: cjfa-15282
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2017
       words: 571
      flesch: 60
     summary: Józef Stawicki LIST OF REVIEWERS Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, SECRETARY: dr Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: prof; university
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        item: #49 of 407
          id: cjfa-16351
      author: Krupa, Dorota
       title: Introduction
        date: 2018
       words: 189
      flesch: 42
     summary: Accounting policy, cooperative banks, pension valorisation, retirement solutions, determinants of entrepreneurship, financial consequences of the illegal use of personal and confidential informa- tion, non-financial information in integrated reporting, these are just some of the matters covered in this issue. Articles contained in the journal are the result of scientific collaborations between scientists across countries and universities.
    keywords: journal
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        item: #50 of 407
          id: cjfa-16352
      author: Bojarenko, Julija
       title: VARIABILITY OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES – ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
        date: 2018
       words: 3888
      flesch: 42
     summary: The recommendations on the solution of the issues related to variability of fixed asset accounting policy are based on the deter- mination of materiality criteria.   A systematic and comprehensive approach to the formation and disclosure of fixed asset accounting policy will ensure the truthfulness of financial infor- mation.
    keywords: accounting; accounting policy; assets; costs; policy; value
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        item: #51 of 407
          id: cjfa-16353
      author: Golec, Maria Magdalena
       title: LOCALITY AND THE TRANSFER OF FUNDS IN THE COOPERATIVE BANKING SECTOR IN POLAND
        date: 2018
       words: 4513
      flesch: 55
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2017.014 MarIa Magdalena golec* WSB University in Poznan localIty and the transfer of funds In the cooperatIve bankIng sector In poland Keywords: locality, net lenders, cooperative banks. Abstract: One of the most important features of cooperative banks is locality which means concentrating financial activity on a specific area.
    keywords: activity; banks; cooperative; deposits; financial; funds; locality; ratio; sector
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        item: #52 of 407
          id: cjfa-16354
      author: Kobylińska, Anna; Balcerowski, Maciej
       title: PENSION VALORIZATION METHOD – SELECTED ISSUES
        date: 2018
       words: 5087
      flesch: 51
     summary: The threats mentioned above allow to take a stand on the essential mean- ing of legal regulations related to pension benefit valorization . Abstract: The aim of this article is to present basic terms and issues connected with pension valorization.
    keywords: act; benefits; gdp; inflation; pension; ratio; valorization; value
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        item: #53 of 407
          id: cjfa-16355
      author: Małecka, Joanna; Łuczka, Teresa; Šebestová, Jarmila; Šperka, Roman
       title: ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AND SOCIAL DETERMINANTS VERSUS ETREPRENEURSHIP IN SMES – SELECTED ASPECTS
        date: 2018
       words: 5647
      flesch: 45
     summary: The issue of economic activity is extensively discussed in the related lit- erature in various aspects of company development, in particular that of SME growth (O’Farrell & Hitchens, 1988, pp. Thus, a social aspect appears that is associated with distrust as an often indi- cated factor directly determining company development.
    keywords: activity; business; capital; company; determinants; development; enterprises; entrepreneurship; knowledge; market; małecka; research; łuczka
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        item: #54 of 407
          id: cjfa-16356
      author: Meisner, Marta
       title: FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF CYBER ATTACKS LEADING TO DATA BREACHES IN HEALTHCARE SECTOR
        date: 2018
       words: 3878
      flesch: 47
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2017.017 Marta MeIsner* Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun fInancIal consequences of cyber attacks leadIng to data breaches In healthcare sector Keywords: cybersecurity, data breach, healthcare. Healthcare sector vulnerabilities to cyber threats leading to data breach Reports and analysis indicate that within healthcare sector data breaches are, beyond ransomware, the greatest threat, which (apart from names, birth dates, finanCial ConsEquEnCEs of CyBEr attaCks lEading… 65 contacts) involve the most sensitive personal data – medical information (Se- curityScorecard, 2016, p. 2; Romanosky, 2016, p. 122; Lloyd’s, 2017, p. 15).
    keywords: breach; costs; cyber; cybersecurity; data; healthcare; pln; usd
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        item: #55 of 407
          id: cjfa-16357
      author: Nowak, Kamil
       title: LOW COST RETIREMENT SOLUTIONS BASED ON ROBO-ADVISORS AND EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS
        date: 2018
       words: 7724
      flesch: 60
     summary: ■ Tax efficiency – Unlike mutual funds ETFs do not expose their sharehol- ders to capital gains distributions. Money market ETFs and mutual funds expense ratio and performance comparison Fund Ticker AUM (millions USD) Expense ratio (%) Performance (%) +/-
    keywords: advisors; average; cost; etfs; expense; fees; funds; index; market; ratio; retirement; robo; usd
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        item: #56 of 407
          id: cjfa-16358
      author: Peršić, Milena; Halmi, Lahorka
       title: NON-FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND INTEGRATED REPORTING IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY: CASE STUDY OF CROATIA
        date: 2018
       words: 4932
      flesch: 33
     summary: Literature review Disclosed non-financial information was analysed for the GRI principles defin- ing report quality of publicly disclosed non-financial information, i.e. accuracy, balance, clarity, comparability, reliability and timeliness (GRI, 2016, pp. The focus is on assess- ing the achieved level of information quality disclosed in non-financial reports in accordance with the main objectives presented in the EUDNFI, and brought into force through the new Croatian legislative requirements (CAA, 2016).
    keywords: accounting; business; company; croatian; gri; hospitality; information; principles; quality; reporting; sustainability; valamar
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        item: #57 of 407
          id: cjfa-16359
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2018
       words: 1127
      flesch: 29
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #58 of 407
          id: cjfa-16360
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2018
       words: 752
      flesch: 47
     summary: Józef Stawicki list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Siniša Zarić, University of Belgrade, Serbia Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic C o v e r D e s Leszek Dziawgo ExECutivE Editor: dr Dorota Krupa assoCiatE Editors: dr Ewa Chojnacka, mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła sECrEtary: dr Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, Poznan University of Economics, Poland Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #59 of 407
          id: cjfa-17216
      author: Krupa, Dorota
       title: Introduction
        date: 2018
       words: 162
      flesch: 52
     summary: We are open to all scientists from all countries and universities who con- duct research in the area of interest of our journal. Scientists recognise the challenges fac- ing contemporary finance and the economy by developing and the deepening research in this area.
    keywords: journal
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        item: #60 of 407
          id: cjfa-17217
      author: Buszko, Andrzej
       title: THE LEVEL OF SHADOW ECONOMY IN WARMIŃSKO-MAZURSKI AND KUJAWSKO-POMORSKI REGIONS
        date: 2017
       words: 4813
      flesch: 57
     summary: The level of shadow economy in Warmińsko-Mazurski and Kujawsko-Pomor- ski regions. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2017.020 andrzej buszko* University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn the level of shadow economy in warmińsko-mazurski and kujawsko-pomorski regions Keywords: shadow economy, level, region, roots, effects, differentiation.
    keywords: economic; economy; kujawsko; level; mazurski; pomorski; region; shadow; shadow economy; warmińsko
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        item: #61 of 407
          id: cjfa-17218
      author: Jakubowska, Marta
       title: THE ROLE OF CASHLESS TRANSACTIONS IN THE PROCESS OF LIMITING THE SCALE OF THE SHADOW ECONOMY
        date: 2018
       words: 7907
      flesch: 57
     summary: The number of cashless transactions involving payment instruments per capita in the years 2001–2015 the shadow economy both in the EU and in Poland and the number of payment card transactions per capita have been presented. The value and number of payment card transactions Over the years 1999–2016 (figure 4) both the value and the number of payment card transactions were gradually increasing.
    keywords: card transactions; cashless payment; cashless transactions; economy; figure; number; payment; payment cards; poland; shadow; shadow economy; years
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        item: #62 of 407
          id: cjfa-17219
      author: Jaworski, Piotr; Liberadzki, Kamil; Liberadzki, Marcin
       title: CONTAGION AND DIVERGENCE ON SOVEREIGN BOND MARKETS
        date: 2018
       words: 22050
      flesch: 64
     summary: The research methodology and the course of the research process The framework for market contagion modeling Figure 1. The research methodology and the course of the research process The framework for market contagion modeling Figure 1.
    keywords: changes; contagion; copula; crisis; distribution; divergence; effect; figure; market; values; � �
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        item: #63 of 407
          id: cjfa-17220
      author: Laskowska, Anna
       title: THE GREEN BOND AS A PROSPECTIVE INSTRUMENT OF THE GLOBAL DEBT MARKET
        date: 2018
       words: 5689
      flesch: 50
     summary: The essence of green bonds Green bonds were defined as fixed-income securities, issued in order to obtain the capital for further financing or refinancing of undertakings contributing to the improvement of natural environment. Green bonds taxonomy Systematics of green bonds Energy Solar Wind Bioenergy Geothermal Hydropo- wer Wave and tidal Transport Low carbon transport Electric vehicles Public transport Water-borne Alternative fuel Water Green infrastruc- ture Wastewater treatment Desalination Infrastruct- ure upgrades Waste & Pollution Control Recycling Composting Circular economy Technology to sequester carbon Building & Industry Green buildings Energy capture systems Energy efficiency technology Efficient technology projects Waste heat recovery Agriculture & Forestry Afforesta- tion Revegeta- tion Organic agriculture Reduced fertilizer use Intensive agriculture efficiencies Land remediation Scheme 1.
    keywords: bank; bonds; bonds market; capital; climate; debt; development; green; issue; market; world
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        item: #64 of 407
          id: cjfa-17221
      author: Sitorus, Tigor; Denny, *
       title: THE INFLUENCE OF ASSET AND PROFITABILITY TOWARD SHARE VALUE: MEDIATION EFFECT OF LIQUID ASSET
        date: 2018
       words: 7347
      flesch: 57
     summary: If the company is liquidated, preferred shareholder also gets priority of claim on company asset after obligation to bondholder and other creditors are met before any claim by ordinary shareholders. The independent variables which are: asset value (X1) which is indica- ted by the ratio of current asset and fixed asset, (Kieso et al., 2011), War- ren et al. (2005), and profitability (X2) which is indicated by net income, ROA, ROE, (Ulupui, 2008). 2) The dependent variables which are: the value of stock (Y2) represented by share price at the time of closing of transactions till end of year, Bri- gham and Houston (2010). 3) Mediation variables which are: liquid asset (Y1) that is represented by ratio of net cash flow, Stice, Stice and Skousen (2009). 3.
    keywords: asset; companies; company; influence; liquid; mining; profitability; research; share; share value; stock; value; variable
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        item: #65 of 407
          id: cjfa-17222
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2018
       words: 989
      flesch: 26
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: finance; journal
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        item: #66 of 407
          id: cjfa-17223
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2018
       words: 727
      flesch: 52
     summary: Józef Stawicki list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Siniša Zarić, University of Belgrade, Serbia Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic C o v e r D e s Leszek Dziawgo ExECutivE Editor: dr Dorota Krupa assoCiatE Editors: dr Ewa Chojnacka, mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła sECrEtary: dr Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, Poznan University of Economics, Poland Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #67 of 407
          id: cjfa-17224
      author: Krupa, Dorota
       title: Introduction
        date: 2018
       words: 198
      flesch: 44
     summary: You can find articles about public finance and self-government units, and about the role of corporate accounting in strategic decision-making. Contemporary finance and the economy are un- doubtedly areas full of challenges.
    keywords: finance
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        item: #68 of 407
          id: cjfa-17225
      author: Kogut-Jaworska, Magdalena
       title: PRINCIPLES OF SUPPORT FOR THE COMMON GOOD SERVICES CO-FINANCED FROM PUBLIC FINANCIAL MEANS
        date: 2018
       words: 4181
      flesch: 49
     summary: Regions are responsible for issues of regional importance (deter- mined by the law), playing a relatively limited role in providing public services (Godfrey, 2001, p. 504, 505). Public services, which in the legal framework on public aid have a leading role, are described by the Polish Legislation as own tasks, services for the common welfare or services provided for the common econom- ic interest.
    keywords: aid; european; good; government; interest; public; self; services; support; units
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        item: #69 of 407
          id: cjfa-17226
      author: Mihaylova, Lyudmila; Papazov, Emil
       title: USING ACCOUNTING INFORMATION FOR STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING IN A MULTI-SEGMENTED COMPANY
        date: 2018
       words: 4671
      flesch: 43
     summary: On this basis, strategic management decisions can be made, for example in connection with a possible restructuring of the company’s product portfolio. Research context: accounting information and strategic decision-making Practitioner’s views on the relationship between strategic management and fi- nancial accounting have endured changes over time, but no consensus on this issue has been reached so far.
    keywords: accounting; business; company; information; management; operating; reporting
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        item: #70 of 407
          id: cjfa-17227
      author: Murawski, Tomasz
       title: CSR IN AMERICAN BANKING SECTOR
        date: 2018
       words: 6306
      flesch: 53
     summary: The research methodology and the course of the research process The purpose of this article is to present an approach to the topic of corporate social responsibility by top US banks. It combines the involvement of bank employees as part of volun- teering, cooperation with NGOs and the foundation that coordinates some of the initiatives (U.S. Bankcorp, 2016, pp.
    keywords: activities; banking; banks; csr; fargo; federal; financial; reserve; sector; system; u.s; wells
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        item: #71 of 407
          id: cjfa-17228
      author: Pawłowski, Jarosław
       title: INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS ON THE FINANCIAL MARKET IN POLAND
        date: 2018
       words: 7316
      flesch: 60
     summary: The results of analyses performed by the SII from 2010 to 2016 allow to formulate a number of conclusions concerning the structure of financial investments made by individual investors in Poland during that period. The results of analyses performed by the SII from 2010 to 2016 allow to formulate a number of conclusions concerning the structure of financial investments made by individual investors in Poland during that period.
    keywords: approx; diagram; group; investments; investors; market; poland; research; respondents; stocks; years
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        item: #72 of 407
          id: cjfa-17229
      author: Serwatka, Anna
       title: ACCELERATORS FOR STARTUPS IN EUROPE
        date: 2018
       words: 4828
      flesch: 48
     summary: In Poland, 76 per- cent of startups operate in the B2B model, that is, selling technologies and ser- vices to other companies, while other startups have opted for the B2C model. Accelerators in the Start in Poland program Anna Serwatka74 pert advice and get to know other startups.
    keywords: acceleration; accelerators; business; companies; development; europe; months; pln; poland; program; startups
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        item: #73 of 407
          id: cjfa-17230
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2018
       words: 1165
      flesch: 28
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #74 of 407
          id: cjfa-17231
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2018
       words: 708
      flesch: 52
     summary: Józef Stawicki list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Siniša Zarić, University of Belgrade, Serbia Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic C o v e r D e s Leszek Dziawgo ExECutivE Editor: dr Dorota Krupa assoCiatE Editors: dr Ewa Chojnacka, mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła sECrEtary: dr Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, Poznan University of Economics, Poland Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: poland; prof; university
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        item: #75 of 407
          id: cjfa-1794
      author: Balcerowski, Maciej
       title: Freedom of choice of a lawyer
        date: 2013
       words: 4102
      flesch: 64
     summary: Nie negując tezy, zgodnie z którą przez sam fakt ko- rzystania z usług czy też zatrudniania profesjonalnych pełnomocników zakład ubezpieczeń jako taki nie nabywa uprawnień do reprezentowania ubezpieczo- nego, można jednak wskazać sytuację, w której w ramach procesu cywilnego, na podstawie unormowań kodeksowych, zakład ubezpieczeń stanie się peł- noprawnym pełnomocnikiem ubezpieczonego. Wątpliwości budzi zwłaszcza pominięcie profesjonalnych pełnomocników, wymienionych w art.
    keywords: art; dyrektywy; jednak; jest; lub; może; należy; nie; ochrony; oraz; pełnomocnika; postępowania; prawnej; prawnych; prawo; przez; przypadku; ramach; się; tego; tym; ubezpieczenia; ubezpieczeniowej; ubezpieczeń; udu; ust; ustawy; usług; wyboru; wydaje; zgodnie
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        item: #76 of 407
          id: cjfa-1795
      author: Banaszkiewicz, Aleksandra
       title: Bookkeeping techniques in historical perspective
        date: 2013
       words: 5576
      flesch: 64
     summary: Podobnie jak w wielodziennikowej metodzie włoskiej, zapisy z ame- rykańskich dzienników szczegółowych były przenoszone w sumach ogólnych, najpierw do dziennika zbiorczego, a następnie do księgi głównej (Niemski 1947: 170). Podobnie jak w wielodziennikowej metodzie włoskiej, zapisy z amerykańskich dzienników szczegółowych były przenoszone w sumach ogólnych, najpierw do dziennika zbiorczego, a następnie do księgi głównej (Niemski 1947: 170).
    keywords: amerykańskiej; były; dziennik; graficzny; główna; głównej; jak; jako; jednocześnie; jej; jest; konto; ksiąg; księgi; księgi głównej; księgowości; księgowych; które; matuszewicz; metody; metodzie; niemski; prowadzenia; rachunkowości; rachunkowych; rysunek; również; schemat; się; szachownicy; techniki; też; warszawa; wieku; włoskiej; zapisy; zapisów
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        item: #77 of 407
          id: cjfa-1796
      author: Bożek, Diana Renata
       title: Obligatory third party liability insurance for professionals
        date: 2013
       words: 3247
      flesch: 52
     summary: Autorka odnosi się także do wpływu deregulacji do- stępu do zawodów na ubezpieczenia odpowiedzialności cywilnej. De lege ferenda trzeba postulować gruntowny przegląd zawodów objętych obowiązkiem po- siadania ubezpieczenia odpowiedzialności cywilnej i podjęcie przez ustawo- dawcę decyzji, w stosunku do których zawodów taki obowiązek nie znajduje racjonalnego uzasadnienia.
    keywords: bowiem; cywilnej; czy; dnia; dostępu; insurance; jest; kowalewski; które; których; liability; nie; obowiązkowe; obowiązkowych; odpowiedzialności; odpowiedzialności cywilnej; prawo; przez; renata; się; ubezpieczenia; ubezpieczeniowej; ubezpieczeń; umowy; ustawy; więc; zawodowe; zawodów; zaś
       cache: cjfa-1796.pdf
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        item: #78 of 407
          id: cjfa-1797
      author: Drewniak, Zbigniew
       title: Private equity and venture capital – theoretical considerations
        date: 2013
       words: 4424
      flesch: 50
     summary: i odnosi się wyłącznie do inwestycji w wykupy menadżerskie. i odnosi się wyłącznie do inwestycji w wykupy menadżerskie.
    keywords: capital; czy; equity; evca; finansowania; industry; inwestycji; jako; jest; kapitału; kapitału podwyższonego; market; oraz; podwyższonego; podwyższonego ryzyka; polsce; private; przedsiębiorstw; przez; rozwoju; rynku; ryzyka; się; spółki; statistics; tego; tzw; venture; venture capital
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        item: #79 of 407
          id: cjfa-1798
      author: Huterski, Robert
       title: Attitude of the International Monetary Fund to a concept of sustainable development
        date: 2013
       words: 3920
      flesch: 44
     summary: Robert Huterski68 Jednakże zawarta w punkcie pierwszym akceptacja wzrostu gospodarcze- go jako narzędzia likwidacji biedy i niedorozwoju stała się przyczyną znaczą- cej krytyki zrównoważonego rozwoju w ujęciu Raportu Brundtland (Kośmic- ki 2010: 114). Odniesienia do zrównoważonego rozwoju w publikacjach MFW Specyfiką międzynarodowych instytucji finansowych, takich jak MFW czy Bank Światowy, jest z pozoru działalność mocno ograniczona do transakcji fi- nansowych.
    keywords: development; dla; działalności; działania; fund; funduszu; gospodarczego; ich; imf; instytucji; jako; jego; jest; koncepcji; mfw; między; międzynarodowego; nie; oraz; przez; roku; rozwoju; rozwój; się; stosunek; systemu; tym; walutowego; wzrostu; zasobów; zrównoważonego; zrównoważonego rozwoju; zrównoważony; środowiska; światowego
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        item: #80 of 407
          id: cjfa-1799
      author: Jankowski, Paweł
       title: The impact of the greenhouse gas emission allowances trading system on the enterprise value
        date: 2013
       words: 3584
      flesch: 47
     summary: Jednym z rynkowych rozwiązań w ochronie środowiska są zbywalne po- zwolenia na korzystanie ze środowiska. Paweł Jankowski* Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu ochrona środowiska w wycenie Przedsiębiorstwa na Przykładzie wykorzystania oPcJi rzeczywistych Słowa kluczowe: ETS, EU ETS, ochrona środowiska, opcje rzeczywiste, wartość przed- siębiorstwa.
    keywords: być; cieplarnianych; emisji; energii; gazów; instrumentów; jak; jest; które; lub; mogą; może; możliwość; ochrony; opcji; options; opóźnienia; oraz; produkcji; projektu; przedsiębiorstwa; przez; przy; realnych; rzeczywistych; się; skalę; wykorzystania; zarządzania; środowiska
       cache: cjfa-1799.pdf
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        item: #81 of 407
          id: cjfa-1800
      author: Jańska, Anna
       title: Risk appraisal in the award of contract bonds
        date: 2013
       words: 5000
      flesch: 57
     summary: PKB Polski (w mln zł) Udział składki z gwarancji w PKB (w promilach) 2000 148,782 109,43 744 378 0,200 2001 136,476 91,73 779 564 0,175 2002 114,537 83,92 808 578 0,142 2003 112,704 98,40 843 156 0,134 2004 120,603 107,01 924 538 0,130 2005 136,116 112,87 983 392 0,138 2006 150,245 110,38 1 060 031 0,142 2007 187,017 137,40 1 176 737 0,159 2008 214,973 114,95 1 275 432 0,169 2009 277,301 129,40 1 343 657 0,206 2010 317,968 114,67 1 415 385 0,225 2011 302,842 95,24 1 524 679 0,199 Ź r ó d ł o : opracowanie własne na podstawie: Nowak 2011 oraz dane ze strony www.knf.gov.pl Zobowiązany z kolei może zacząć traktować gwarancję jaką formę nieoprocentowanego kredytu kupieckiego – w przypadku gwarancji handlowych.
    keywords: charakter; czy; dla; działalności; gwarancji; gwaranta; jak; jest; kontraktu; lub; nie; oceny; oraz; procesie; procesu; przez; przypadku; roku; ryzyka; się; ubezpieczenia; ubezpieczeniowych; ubezpieczeń; udzielania; umowy; usterek; usunięcia; wad; wykonania; właściwego; zapłaty; zobowiązanego
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        item: #82 of 407
          id: cjfa-1801
      author: Kunkowski, Janusz
       title: The development of contactless payment market in Poland and in the world
        date: 2013
       words: 3628
      flesch: 53
     summary: Należy również zauważyć, że rynek płatności mobilnych jest na tyle intere- sujący, iż podmioty, które wcześniej nie uczestniczyły w obsłudze płatności, za- czynają się w nim pojawiać. Orange Cash do płatności w Internecie.
    keywords: contactless; dzięki; jest; karty; klientów; mastercard; mobilnych; natomiast; nfc; nie; orange; oraz; paypass; paywave; polasik; polsce; przez; płatniczych; płatności; rfid; roku; rozwoju; rozwój; rynek; rynku; się; technologii; transakcji; visa; zbliżeniowej; zbliżeniowych
       cache: cjfa-1801.pdf
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        item: #83 of 407
          id: cjfa-1802
      author: Lulek, Izabela
       title: The development of Polish venture capital and private equity market
        date: 2013
       words: 8090
      flesch: 57
     summary: Warto zauważyć, że mimo wysokiego udziału inwestycji typu VC/PE w Polsce w ogóle zrealizowa- nych inwestycji w regionie Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, sięgającego nawet 51% w 2010 roku, inwe- stycje realizowane w Polsce mają niższy udział w PKB w porównaniu do całej Europy Środkowo- Wschodniej (z wyjątkiem 2010 i 2011 roku). Warto zauważyć, że mimo wysokiego udziału inwestycji typu VC/PE w Pol- sce w ogóle zrealizowanych inwestycji w regionie Europy Środkowo-Wschod- niej, sięgającego nawet 51% w 2010 roku, inwestycje realizowane w Polsce mają niższy udział w PKB w porównaniu do całej Europy Środkowo-Wschod- niej (z wyjątkiem 2010 i 2011 roku).
    keywords: capital; dla; equity; europie; europy; fundusze; fundusze vc; inwestorów; inwestycji; jest; kapitału; latach; oraz; pe w; podstawie; polsce; private; przedsiębiorstwa; przez; roku; rozwoju; rozwój; rynku; ryzyka; również; się; udział; venture; w europie; w latach; w polsce; wschodniej; wysokiego; yearbook; środkowo
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        item: #84 of 407
          id: cjfa-1803
      author: Polasik, Michał
       title: The use of electronic distribution channels of banking services in Poland
        date: 2013
       words: 4088
      flesch: 54
     summary: ką rozwoju zbliżoną do Niemiec czy Austrii, z pewną korektą w dół wskaźnika bankowości internetowej w stosunku do odsetka użytkowników Internetu, która jest spowodowana występującym w Polsce problemem wykluczenia fi- nansowego (około 30% mieszkańców Polski w wieku 15+ nie Liczba przelewów zleconych poszczególnymi kanałami bankowości elektronicznej w grudniu danego roku (w tys.) 42 136 49 627 59 123 63 229 11 320 11 769 16 916 18 852 11 870 11 235 10 316 9 540 335 314 276 343 0 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 50 000 60 000 70 000 80 000 90 000 100 000 2008 2009 2010 2011 Pozostałe kanały*
    keywords: banking; bankowości; bankowych; banków; dla; dystrybucji; elektronicznych; home; internetowej; jest; kanałów; klientów; lat; liczby; mobilnej; oraz; pod; polsce; przelewów; przez; roku; rozwoju; się; także; transakcji; usług; wykorzystanie; wykres
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        item: #85 of 407
          id: cjfa-1804
      author: Więckowska, Marcelina
       title: The role bonds in financing climate resilient economy
        date: 2013
       words: 5383
      flesch: 48
     summary: The validity of the emergence of climate bond market seems rea- sonable to attract private capital to finance climate-resilient economy and to make the recognition of green investment easier for potential investors. The purpose of this paper is to explain why emergence and extension of climate bond market is reasonable and systematize determinants of the mar- The role bonds in financing climaTe resilienT economy 155 ket development.
    keywords: bank; bond; carbon; climate; development; economy; energy; finance; financing; green; institutions; investment; investors; issuance; market; risk; usd; world
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        item: #86 of 407
          id: cjfa-1805
      author: Winnicka, Edyta
       title: Changes in Ias 1 and the practices of selected companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
        date: 2013
       words: 5642
      flesch: 59
     summary: Są to m.in.: zmiany w nadwyżce z przeszacowania, zyski i straty wynikające z prze- liczenia pozycji sprawozdania finansowego jednostki działającej za granicą, zyski Istotną zmianą w MSR 1, dokonaną we wrześniu 2007 roku, a obowiązują- cą od 1 stycznia 2009 roku, było wprowadzenie koncepcji wyniku całościowego.
    keywords: bek; całkowitych; dochodów; finansowej; finansowych; gaik; informacji; innych; jest; kapitału; msr; nie; notowanych; oraz; pozycji; prezentacji; przez; roku; się; sprawozdania; spółek; spółki; sytuacji; walińska; wybranych; wyniku; własnego; x x; zmiany
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        item: #87 of 407
          id: cjfa-18791
      author: Krupa, Dorota
       title: Introduction
        date: 2018
       words: 194
      flesch: 47
     summary: The ability to observe changes taking place in a dynamically changing eco- nomic environment, searching for research gaps, formulating research prob- lems and conducting research are just some of the scientist’s skills. We encourage all scientists from all countries and universities who conduct research in the area of interest of our journal to exchange and publish the re- sults of your research in our Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting.
    keywords: research
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        item: #88 of 407
          id: cjfa-18792
      author: Bartolacci, Francesca; Soverchia, Michela; Zigiotti, Ermanno
       title: MANAGING SOLID URBAN WASTE IN ITALY: AN ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
        date: 2018
       words: 6842
      flesch: 53
     summary: All of these conditions should serve as guidelines for the management choices made by waste management companies, which take the responsibil- ity for providing the local public services from collection to disposal of UW. Moreover, among the various forms of waste collection, study findings confirm that separated waste collection (SC) represents the most expensive Managing solid urban waste in italy… 11 option for waste management companies (Koushki Parviz, Al-Duaij & Al-Ghim- las, 2004, pp. 959–960).
    keywords: capita; companies; italy; management; net; performance; plant; revenues; waste
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        item: #89 of 407
          id: cjfa-18794
      author: Bolibok, Piotr
       title: THE MACROECONOMIC DRIVERS OF HOUSEHOLD DEBT-TO-INCOME RATIO: AN EVIDENCE FROME THE OECD COUNTRIES
        date: 2018
       words: 12333
      flesch: 49
     summary: The variables exhibiting a significant skewness of the distribution have been log-transformed, yielding the following regression model: �� ����� � �� + �� � ������ + �� � �������� + �� � ���� + �� � �� ���� + �� � ������������ + �� � �����+�� � ������+�� � ������� + �� � ����� + �� + ��� where: ‒ �� �����– natural log of the total household debt to net disposable income, ‒ ������ – natural log of the average annual wage (constant PPP), ‒ �� ������ – natural log of the rate of growth in real GDP per person (constant PPP), ‒ ���� – short-term interest rate, ‒ �� ���� – natural log of the unemployment rate, ‒ ������ – housing rent price index, ‒ ������������ – natural log of the share of population aged 25–39, ‒ ����� – the share of population aged 25–64 with tertiary education attainment, – the share of population aged 25–64 with tertiary education attain- ment, ‒ ‒ �� ����� – wage-productivity gap measured as the natural log of the relation of GDP per person employed to average annual wage, ‒ �� ��� – natural log of the Gini coefficient for net disposable income, ‒ ��� ��� � � �� – regression coefficients, ‒ �� – intercept, ‒ �� – unknown intercept for each country, ‒ � – country, ‒ � – year, ‒ ��� – error term. The variables exhibiting a significant skewness of the distribution have been log-transformed, yielding the following regression model: �� ����� � �� + �� � ������ + �� � �������� + �� � ���� + �� � �� ���� + �� � ������������ + �� � �����+�� � ������+�� � ������� + �� � ����� + �� + ��� where: ‒ �� �����– natural log of the total household debt to net disposable income, ‒ ������ – natural log of the average annual wage (constant PPP), ‒ �� ������ – natural log of the rate of growth in real GDP per person (constant PPP), ‒ ���� – short-term interest rate, ‒ �� ���� – natural log of the unemployment rate, ‒ ������ – housing rent price index, ‒ ������������ – natural log of the share of population aged 25–39, ‒ ����� – the share of population aged 25–64 with tertiary education attainment, where: ‒ particular, the evidence based on both broader international data and a wide set of exam- ined explanatory variables remains rather modest.
    keywords: + �; debt; household; income; log; rate; � +; � estimate; � �
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        item: #90 of 407
          id: cjfa-18795
      author: Islam, Mohammad Shahidul
       title: DIVIDEND PRACTICES IN LISTED BANKS OF BANGLADESH
        date: 2018
       words: 5752
      flesch: 63
     summary: The dividend pattern of listed companies and the management’ practices of dividend policy are described for revealing the present scenario of dividend in the capital market of Bangladesh. They con- cluded that only investment policy rather than dividend policy determines firm value in an ideal economy.
    keywords: bangladesh; banks; cash; companies; dividend; firm; journal; payout; policy; practices; table
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        item: #91 of 407
          id: cjfa-18796
      author: Pawłowski, Maciej
       title: FINANCING THE SOLAR ENERGY MARKET THROUGH THE USE OF SECURITIZATION – THE CASE OF THE UNITED STATES
        date: 2019
       words: 5727
      flesch: 38
     summary: In this respect, it should be noted that the potential prerequisite for the de- velopment of securitization market, which is based on a lease of photovoltaic installations, is its strong connotation with the concept of sustainable devel- opment. The way in which data is presented does not diminish its cognitive value, as the leasing of solar installations is at the heart of the process of solar energy securitization.
    keywords: assets; energy; energy market; financing; installations; market; photovoltaic; photovoltaic installations; process; securitization; solar
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        item: #92 of 407
          id: cjfa-18797
      author: Toro-Zapata, Hernán Darío; Olivar-Tost, Gerard
       title: MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMIC OF INNOVATION IN CITY PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
        date: 2019
       words: 32653
      flesch: 60
     summary: Considering that the Transmilenio also has smaller buses, the assumption that �� � ��� has been made. Considering that the Transmilenio also has smaller buses, the assumption that �� � ��� has been made.
    keywords: attribute �; equilibria �; function �; system �; users �; ℝ �; ≤ �; � =; � budget; � ∗; � ≤; � �
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        item: #93 of 407
          id: cjfa-18798
      author: Wiśniewska, Anna
       title: THE INITIAL COIN OFFERING – CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
        date: 2018
       words: 4375
      flesch: 55
     summary: Investors and companies that decided to finance their activity by the ICO procedure must also deal with a legal risk, as starting ICO procedure may cause the need for individual law interpretations. Disadvantages and advantages of using ICO procedure The conducted analysis and the case study allows to enumerate the disadvan- tages and advantages of the application of the Initial Coin Offering procedure to raise capital.
    keywords: bitcoin; coin; company; currency; ethereum; ico; offering; procedure; tokens
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        item: #94 of 407
          id: cjfa-18799
      author: Zabawa, Justyna
       title: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE GRI (GLOBAL REPORTING INITIATIVE) STANDARD IN REPORTING OF ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION. THE ANALYSIS OF POLISH BANKING SECTOR IN THE FACE OF REGULATORY CHANGES
        date: 2018
       words: 5421
      flesch: 46
     summary: Abstract: One of the most notable effects generated in response to the recent spate of regulatory changes in the banking sector is the mounting interest in those elements of sectoral policy that focus on disclosure of non-financial information – a trend obse- rved not only in Poland, but also in the EU financial sector as a whole. In addition, the author Justyna Zabawa112 intends to fill the apparent gap in professional literature, as the subject of reporting non-financial information (in particular – environmental information) in the banking sector seems under-represented in modern research.
    keywords: accounting; analysis; bank; banking; gri; information; institutions; reporting; reports; s.a; sector; standard
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        item: #95 of 407
          id: cjfa-18800
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2018
       words: 1167
      flesch: 28
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #96 of 407
          id: cjfa-18801
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2018
       words: 774
      flesch: 49
     summary: Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Siniša Zarić, University of Belgrade, Serbia Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic C o v e r D e s Leszek Dziawgo ExECutivE Editor: dr Dorota Krupa assoCiatE Editors: dr Ewa Chojnacka, mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła sECrEtary: dr Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, Poznan University of Economics, Poland Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #97 of 407
          id: cjfa-1959
      author: Dziawgo, Leszek
       title: Introduction
        date: 2013
       words: 212
      flesch: 48
     summary: In this way a passion for scientific work finds new possibilities of coopera- tion. The Journal serves for the development of the science of Finance as a forum of presentations and analyses of scientific working papers in the scope of finance and accoun- ting in the international dimension.
    keywords: finance
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        item: #98 of 407
          id: cjfa-1960
      author: dla autorów, Informacje
       title: Dla Autorów
        date: 2013
       words: 87
      flesch: 34
     summary: W Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting - - - - - - - - szeniowego. - - DLA AUTORÓW 193 - kresy, schematy i rysunki. Coperni- can Journal of Finance & Accounting - - Coper- nican Journal of Finance & Accounting - go. - - ghostwriting i guest authorship Definicje ghostwriting i guest authorship - z ghostwriting - - z guest authorship (honorary authorship - ghostwriting i guest authorship W przypadku finansowego wsparcia
    keywords: accounting
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        item: #99 of 407
          id: cjfa-19612
      author: Krupa, Dorota
       title: Introduction
        date: 2019
       words: 222
      flesch: 38
     summary: One of the articles is devoted to the effects of macroprudential policy instru- ments and micro-prudential capital regulations on the procyclicality of loan- loss provisions. In the journal, an article relating to the important problem about the progress of the Polish economy’s innovativeness in the years 2010- 2016 against the backdrop of other EU member states is presented.
    keywords: finance
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        item: #100 of 407
          id: cjfa-19613
      author: Okpala, Okwy Peter; Iredele, Oluwamayowa Olalekan
       title: CORPORATE SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL DISCLOSURES AND MARKET VALUE OF LISTED FIRMS IN NIGERIA
        date: 2019
       words: 7954
      flesch: 50
     summary: Abstract: This study examines the effect of corporate social environmental disclosure (CSED) on the market value of eighty-four (84) listed firms in Nigeria, which were pur- posively selected from the period 2011 to 2016. Using data collected in Egypt, Wahba (2008) corroborated the finding that social responsibility reporting exerts positive and significant im- Okwy Peter Okpala, Oluwamayowa Olalekan Iredele16 pact on firm market value.
    keywords: disclosures; effect; environmental; firm; journal; market; market value; nigeria; performance; reporting; responsibility; size; study; value; variables
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        item: #101 of 407
          id: cjfa-19616
      author: Olszak, Małgorzata; Roszkowska, Sylwia; Kowalska, Iwona
       title: THE JOINT EFFECT OF BORROWER TARGETED MACROPRUDENTIAL INSTRUMENTS AND CAPITAL REGULATIONS ON PROCYCLICALITY OF LOAN-LOSS PROVISIONS
        date: 2019
       words: 13775
      flesch: 59
     summary: This regression reads as follows LLP��� � �� � ��LLP����� � �� LLP����� � �� ������������ � ��� ����� � ��� ��������� � �� ���������� ������� � �� ������������ ������� � ��������� � ��� ������� � ������� � ��� ������� � ��������� � ������� � �� � ���� (Eq. 2) This regression reads as follows LLP��� � �� � ��LLP����� � �� LLP����� � �� ������������ � ��� ����� � ��� ��������� � �� ���������� ������� � �� ������������ ������� � ��������� � ��� ������� � ������� � ��� ������� � ��������� � ������� � �� � ���� (Eq. 2)
    keywords: banks; borrower; capital; gdpg; instruments; llp �; loan; loss; median; olszak; policy; procyclicality; regulations; � �
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        item: #102 of 407
          id: cjfa-19618
      author: Piotrowski, Dariusz
       title: PROPAGANDA OF SUCCESS IN THE AREA OF THE STATE’S SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC POLICY
        date: 2019
       words: 7719
      flesch: 57
     summary: In a narrower sense, political propaganda is “one of the forms of commu- nication remaining in systemic relations to the authorities, ideologies, media and the public opinion” (Dobek-Ostrowska, Fras & Ociepka, 1999, p. 6). The third and last area of government propaganda analysed in this study is the high dynamics of Poland’s GDP.
    keywords: family; figure; government; information; media; number; poland; programme; propaganda; respondents; state; survey
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        item: #103 of 407
          id: cjfa-19621
      author: Ziółkowska, Wiesława
       title: INNOVATIVENESS OF THE POLISH ECONOMY IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
        date: 2019
       words: 5941
      flesch: 55
     summary: SII in EU countries in 2016 vs. UE 2010 -10.0 10.0 30.0 50.0 70.0 90.0 110.0 130.0 150.0 RO BG HR PL LV HU EL SK CY IT MT ES LT EE PT CZ SI EU28 FR IE BE LU Among the solutions driving sustainable development of paramount impor- tance is the improvement of EU economies in terms of innovativeness and com- petitiveness, as this is the only way that offers a chance to reduce differences in the level of wealth of societies and their quality of life.
    keywords: average; capita; countries; development; economy; expenditure; gdp; innovation; innovativeness; percentage; poland; r&d
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        item: #104 of 407
          id: cjfa-19622
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2019
       words: 1167
      flesch: 28
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #105 of 407
          id: cjfa-19623
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2019
       words: 721
      flesch: 49
     summary: Józef Stawicki list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Siniša Zarić, University of Belgrade, Serbia Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic C o v e r D e s Leszek Dziawgo ExECutivE Editor: dr Dorota Krupa assoCiatE Editors: dr Ewa Chojnacka, mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła sECrEtary: dr Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, Poznan University of Economics, Poland Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #106 of 407
          id: cjfa-20420
      author: Krupa, Dorota
       title: Introduction
        date: 2019
       words: 262
      flesch: 47
     summary: You will be able to find articles about promoting the transparency of the economic process by accounting, and about the importance of financial reporting for individual investors. In the current issue you can read articles about the wealth management market in China, the social background of Brexit, and about the influence of crypto currency on the economy of Georgia.
    keywords: journal
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        item: #107 of 407
          id: cjfa-20421
      author: Ahmed, Ahmed L.M.
       title: THE SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF BREXIT
        date: 2019
       words: 9170
      flesch: 68
     summary: 0 3 12 13 24 17 32 45 62 29 19 13 20 60 45 32 18 36 27 26 19 2 10 12 11 1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 UKIP Labour Conservative Liberal Democrate 11 % 12 % 11 % 06 % 10 % 06 % 25 % 00 % 07 % 04 % 02 % 02 % 01 % 00 % 00 % 0 0 0 0 0 07 % 00 % 02 % 07 % 05 % 05 % 10 % 06 % 02 % 07 % 13 % 05 % 23 % 16 % 07 % 00 % 0 0 0 0 0 04 % 00 % 0 0 0 0 0 09 % 00 % 0 0 0 0 01 5% 01 5% 00 % 0 01 % 07 % 16 % 07 % 28 % 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 1 9 8 4 1 9 8 9 1 9 9 4 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 9 2 0 1 4 Front National (FR) Die Republikaner (DE) Alan Sked, the UKIP founder who resigned the leadership in 1997, opposed the idea of entering the European Parliament elections, wanting the party to concentrate on the UK Parliament instead of having seats in the Eu- ropean Parliament, describing it as a “gravy train”.
    keywords: brexit; britain; british; data; eec; european; figure; identity; parliament; party; referendum; union
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        item: #108 of 407
          id: cjfa-20422
      author: Cilak, Małgorzata
       title: FINANCIAL STABILITY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS – LEGAL AND ECONOMIC APPROACH
        date: 2019
       words: 6012
      flesch: 56
     summary: According to its paragraph 1, the decision-making body of an L.G.U. cannot adopt a budget in which the planned current expenses are higher than the planned current income increased by: the budgetary surplus from previous years, repayment of loans granted from the budget of L.G.U. in previous years, and unused funds coming from income and expenditure settlements resulting from special rules for the execution of local government budgets and settle- ments of funds from the EU budget. Observably, the share of property expenditure in local government budgets is higher than in the state budget (Ziółkowska, 2012, pp.
    keywords: article; budget; debt; expenditure; government; income; operating; p.f.a; property; units
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        item: #109 of 407
          id: cjfa-20423
      author: Dziawgo, Tomasz
       title: WEALTH MANAGMENT MARKET IN CHINA OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
        date: 2019
       words: 4239
      flesch: 53
     summary: Largest HNWI population… Wealth management market in China… 51 Chinese wealth management market characteristics and trends Chinese wealth management market has been on the rise since 2007 when first commercial banks introduced initial private banking services. In spite of being relatively young, Chinese wealth management market has been developing rapidly with increasing number of affluent clients and their value of total assets.
    keywords: assets; china; chinese; hnwi; management; market; private; wealth
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        item: #110 of 407
          id: cjfa-20424
      author: Kwiatkowska, Julia
       title: CROSS-SELLING AND UP-SELLING IN A BANK
        date: 2019
       words: 4571
      flesch: 67
     summary: The basic principle of cross-selling is the fact that an additional product or service is offered only when the customer has already purchased the basic product, but the purchase transaction has not yet been completed. The pur- poses of using cross-selling are (Paradecki, 2008, p. 343): ■ increasing turnover while fixed costs are constant, ■ increasing customer loyalty, ■ reducing the clients' fluctuation, ■ building a relationship with the client, ■ optimal use of distribution channels, ■ reducing uncertainty and risk.
    keywords: bank; cross; cross selling; customers; products; selling; use
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        item: #111 of 407
          id: cjfa-20425
      author: Laskowska, Anna
       title: STOCK MARKET INDICES AS A MEASURMENT TOOL FOR PROFITABILITY OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ACTIVITIES
        date: 2019
       words: 5894
      flesch: 47
     summary: Stock market indices as a measurement tool for profitability of corporate social responsibility activities. http:// dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2018.021 anna laskowska* Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń stock market IndIces as a measurement tool for profItabIlIty of corporate socIal
    keywords: company; csr; index; indices; market; profitability; respect; responsibility; return; sharpe; sri; stock; sustainability; table; wig
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        item: #112 of 407
          id: cjfa-20426
      author: Lekashvili, Eka; Mamaladze, Lela
       title: CRYPTO CURRENCY – A NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE ECONOMY OF GEORGIA
        date: 2019
       words: 3848
      flesch: 55
     summary: 1 Georgian multicultural electronic wallet, which first introduced Georgia in 2015 to buy, sell, send and sell virtual currencies of virtual currency. At the same time, in a number of states the creation of regulatory legislative acts on virtual currency is underway.
    keywords: bitcoin; crypto; currency; figure; georgia; research; world
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        item: #113 of 407
          id: cjfa-20427
      author: Pawłowski, Jarosław
       title: THE USEFULNESS OF FINANCIAL REPORTING FOR FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS IN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES OF INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS
        date: 2019
       words: 5455
      flesch: 45
     summary: (Us- ability of financial statement information) The term of financial statement refers to a set of data concerning the prop- erty and financial position as well as financial results achieved in a specified period of activity of a given unit.
    keywords: accounting; data; figure; group; information; instruments; investors; reporting; statement; usefulness
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        item: #114 of 407
          id: cjfa-20428
      author: Slyozko, Tetyana; Kurilo, Lyudmila; Mazina, Oleksandra
       title: THE UNIQUE OPPORTUNITIES OF ACCOUNTING TO PROMOTE TRANSPARENCY OF ECONOMIC PROCESSES
        date: 2019
       words: 4128
      flesch: 40
     summary: Others authors are exploring study the question about the role accounting information has in economy, for example, papers: by Brandas, Megan and Didraga (2015), Marius, Denisa and Florina (2012), Trigo, Belfo and Estebanez (2016), Chapman and Kihn (2009), Papazov and Mihaylova (2015); some authors see a close relationship between the information which Accounting provides and requirements as to its institutions and individual us- ers, for instance Navarro-Garcіa and Madrid-Guijarro (2016); Banociova and Pavlikova (2014). All of these factors allow accoun- ting to provide transparent accounting information to any users and institutions. 
    keywords: accounting; economy; financial; information; institutions; management; reporting; rules; ukraine
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        item: #115 of 407
          id: cjfa-20429
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2019
       words: 1167
      flesch: 28
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #116 of 407
          id: cjfa-20430
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2019
       words: 760
      flesch: 50
     summary: Józef Stawicki list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Siniša Zarić, University of Belgrade, Serbia Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic C o v e r D e s Leszek Dziawgo ExECutivE Editor: dr Dorota Krupa assoCiatE Editors: dr Ewa Chojnacka, mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła sECrEtary: dr Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, Poznan University of Economics, Poland Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #117 of 407
          id: cjfa-20690
      author: Krupa, Dorota
       title: Introduction
        date: 2019
       words: 232
      flesch: 48
     summary: In the current issue you can read articles about the scope of mobile banking applications use among retail bank custom- ers in Poland, and about the effect of social capital on operational performance in commercial banks in Erbil, the city in Iraq. You will be able to find an article about traditional fiscal devices in Po- land and the concept of their modernization.
    keywords: journal
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        item: #118 of 407
          id: cjfa-20691
      author: Borowski-Beszta, Mikołaj; Kiermas, Anna
       title: THE USAGE OF MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONS IN POLAND: EMPIRICAL RESULTS
        date: 2019
       words: 7237
      flesch: 50
     summary: The results also suggest, that due to growing needs of mobile banking applications users, as well as the increasing usefulness and ergonomics of applications, the upward trend of mobile banking applications usage in Poland is not likely to slow down in the next few years.   The usage of mobile banking applications in Po- land: empirical results.
    keywords: applications; banking; banking applications; banking users; mobile; number; payments; poland; polish; respondents; users
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        item: #119 of 407
          id: cjfa-20692
      author: Chodziński, Maciej
       title: THE TENDENCY OF HOUSEHOLDS TO INVEST IN AN ECOLOGICAL MODERNIZATION OF THE UTILIZED HEATING SOURCES
        date: 2019
       words: 12751
      flesch: 65
     summary: Information about the analysed data N % Abstract: The aim of the article is to determine the impact of economic aspects on the decision-making process on modernization of heating sources used by households in the largest cities of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship.
    keywords: answers; elaboration; figure; furnace; heating; heating source; people; place; pln; question; respondents; source
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        item: #120 of 407
          id: cjfa-20693
      author: Hailin, Qin; Jingxu, Zhang
       title: CAN MANDATORY DIVIDEND POLICY REDUCE THE AGENCY COST OF LISTED COMPANIES? MODEL ANALYSIS AND EMPIRICAL TEST IN CHINA
        date: 2019
       words: 33173
      flesch: 53
     summary: �(���) = (1 − �)(�� − ��� − �) � �� ���������� � (3) �(�������) = (1 − �)(0) � � ���������� � （4） �(���) = (1 − �)(�� − ��� − �) � �� ���������� � (3) �(�������) = (1 − �)(0) � � ���������� � （4）
    keywords: + �; 0， �; = �; assets �; discount �; dividends �; gains �; ratio �; value �; γ �; π �; πβ �; ∑ �; − �; � +; � source; � unit; � −; � �
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        item: #121 of 407
          id: cjfa-20694
      author: Hamad, Ahmed Abdulqader; Tuzlukaya, Şule; Kırkbeşoğlu, Erdem
       title: THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE: RESEARCH IN BANKING SECTOR IN ERBIL
        date: 2019
       words: 6717
      flesch: 45
     summary: Social capital, which represents the knowledge and creativity of the bank’s staff, to provide high val- ue and competitive advantage, as social capital is one of the most vital pillars of superiority for banks in a world of intense competition. Ac- cordingly, the study tested the relationships between social capital dimensions include: (relational capital, structural capital, and cognitive capital) and opera- tional performance development by taking opinions from nominated commer- cial banks operating in Erbil, the study also verified the impact of social capital on the operational performance development by using (cost performance, qual- ity performance, delivery performance, flexibility performance and innovation performance) based operational performance measures.
    keywords: banks; capital; cognitive; development; dimensions; effect; erbil; journal; management; organization; performance; study; table
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        item: #122 of 407
          id: cjfa-20695
      author: Jakubowska, Marta
       title: TRADIOTIONAL FISCAL DEVICES IN POLNAD AND THE CONCEPT OF THEIR MODERNIZATION
        date: 2019
       words: 6257
      flesch: 54
     summary: The professions which only recently joined the group of those obliged to have a cash register include e.g. doctors and dentists who, as a result of the extension of this obliga- tion from the year 2015, must keep records by means of cash register devices regardless of the generated turnover. Ultimately, the number of cash register devices is 1.2 million, and the rest of the devices in operation are HoReCa devices (“specialised cash registers”, touch terminals, e.g. in restaurants) with a central system (Związek Banków Polskich, 2016).
    keywords: cash; cash registers; computer; devices; fiscalisation; market; number; online; poland; pos; system
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        item: #123 of 407
          id: cjfa-20696
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2019
       words: 1167
      flesch: 28
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #124 of 407
          id: cjfa-20697
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2019
       words: 747
      flesch: 50
     summary: Józef Stawicki list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Siniša Zarić, University of Belgrade, Serbia Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic C o v e r D e s Leszek Dziawgo ExECutivE Editor: dr Dorota Krupa assoCiatE Editors: dr Ewa Chojnacka, mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła sECrEtary: dr Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, Poznan University of Economics, Poland Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #125 of 407
          id: cjfa-21474
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2019
       words: 1167
      flesch: 28
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #126 of 407
          id: cjfa-21476
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2019
       words: 761
      flesch: 50
     summary: Józef Stawicki list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Siniša Zarić, University of Belgrade, Serbia Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic C o v e r D e s Leszek Dziawgo ExECutivE Editor: dr Dorota Krupa assoCiatE Editors: dr Ewa Chojnacka, mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła sECrEtary: dr Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, Poznan University of Economics, Poland Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: economics; poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #127 of 407
          id: cjfa-21478
      author: Adegbite, Tajudeen Adejare
       title: AN EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF TAXATION POLICY ON INFLATION IN NIGERIA
        date: 2019
       words: 7481
      flesch: 57
     summary: Transforming equation (1) to the natural logarithm it changed to �������� � � ��� �� +��1������ � ��� +��2������ � ��� +��3�������� � ��� +��4��������� � ��� + μ4 (2) Basic VECM is ��� �� ������ + ∑ ������ +∈���� ��� (3) where y is a (K x 1) vector of I(1) variables, and  are (Kx r) parameter matrices with rank r < K, 1,.,.., p-1 are (K x K) matrices of parameters, and t is a (K x1) vector of normally distributed errors that is serially uncorrelated but has contemporaneous covariance matrix. Transforming equation (1) to the natural logarithm it changed to �������� � � ��� �� +��1������ � ��� +��2������ � ��� +��3�������� � ��� +��4��������� � ��� + μ4 (2) Basic VECM is ��� �� ������ + ∑ ������ +∈���� ��� (3) where y is a (K x 1) vector of I(1) variables, and  are (Kx r) parameter matrices with rank r < K, 1,.,.., p-1 are (K x K) matrices of parameters, and t is a (K x1) vector of normally distributed errors that is serially uncorrelated but has contemporaneous covariance matrix.
    keywords: + �; granger; inflation; m1 �; nigeria; taxation; vat; ∈ �;  �; � +; � �
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        item: #128 of 407
          id: cjfa-21482
      author: Kaymaz, Mike Onder; Yilmaz, Ilker; Kaymaz, Ozgur
       title: THE IMPACT OF INTANGIBLE FACTORS ON PROFITABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM CORPORATIONS TRADED AT MUSCAT SECURITIES MARKET IN OMAN
        date: 2019
       words: 8477
      flesch: 53
     summary: It is an alternative way to use all such expenses instead of only using intangible assets value from the balance sheet. Fixed effects and random ef- fects regressions had produced insignificant results at a first run and Haus- man test needed showed that random effects regression model must be chosen.
    keywords: assets; companies; cvif; effects; factors; intangibles; model; performance; regression; results; value
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        item: #129 of 407
          id: cjfa-21483
      author: Shah, Syed Alamdar Ali
       title: INTEGRATION OF FINANCIAL RISKS WITH NON FINANCIAL RISKS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY FROM PAKISTANI CONTEXT
        date: 2019
       words: 6266
      flesch: 53
     summary: The first three categories include market risk from trading intEgration of finanCial risks with non-finanCial risks… 55 activities, structural interest rate risk from asset/liability management, and credit risk, which together constitute the main sources of financial risk. Analysis of Findings and Discussions of interview themes The rationale for the current positioning of bank risks in the views of interview participants within the framework is as follows: intEgration of finanCial risks with non-finanCial risks… 57 Market Risk Discussing about the market risk from the category of financial risks during the interviews most of the risk professionals were of the opinion that market risk is the most “existent” of the all risks, our knowledge is far from perfect.
    keywords: asset; bank; banking; basel; business; capital; credit; earnings; financial; liability; management; market; risk; volatility
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        item: #130 of 407
          id: cjfa-21484
      author: Sitorus, Tigor; Yuganda, Kendo
       title: INVESTOR’S STOCK SELECTION DECISION: INFLUENCE OF PROFITABILITY, COMPANY SIZE, AND RAROC
        date: 2019
       words: 6686
      flesch: 58
     summary: ROE is considered as a representation of share- holder wealth or company value. This result is in accor- dance with Ramarow (2017) that states the risk elements that affects the profitability, also Hermuningsih (2012, p. 194) which states that fun- damental analysis is an attempt to analyze various factors related to stocks which will be selected through company analysis, industry ana- lysis, and research conducted by Yulindar (2017) stating that profitabi- lity has a positive effect and significant to company value and stock se- lection decision.
    keywords: company; decision; investor; model; profitability; research; results; risk; selection decision; size; stock; stock selection; study; value
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        item: #131 of 407
          id: cjfa-21486
      author: Tadesse, Tekilu; Melaku, Tesfaye
       title: ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIVE IMPACT OF MONETARY AND FISCAL POLICIES ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ETHIOPIA, USING ARDL APPROACH TO CO-INTEGRATION: WHICH POLICY IS MORE POTENT?
        date: 2019
       words: 13507
      flesch: 50
     summary: The equation could be rewritten in form of log-linear form to be employed in this study here as follows: ������ � �� � ������ � ������ � ������� � ������� � ������� � ������ � �� (2) Where RGDP = Real gross domestic product used to measure economic performance M2 = Broad money supply as % of GDP (proxy for monetary policy) (1) The equation could be rewritten in form of log-linear form to be employed in this study here as follows: ������ � �� � ������ � ������ � ������� � ������� � ������� � ������ � �� (2) Where RGDP = Real gross domestic product used to measure economic performance M2 = Broad money supply as % of GDP (proxy for monetary policy) availability of data for each of the variable included in the model for the entire time horizon while its sufficiency is taken into consideration as well.
    keywords: analysis; ardl; equation; ethiopia; gdp; growth; model; policies; policy; rate; run; test; variables; ≠ �; � ≠; � �
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        item: #132 of 407
          id: cjfa-253
      author: Banaszkiewicz, Aleksandra; Makowska, Ewa
       title: Corporate Social Responsibility accounting in the context of the selected cultural aspects of the twenty-first century
        date: 2013
       words: 3725
      flesch: 49
     summary: Poza tym zużywa ona mniejszą ilość prądu w porównaniu z innymi drukarkami tej klasy, a wykorzystywane do jej obsługi tonery charakteryzują się wyższą wydajnością. Wolonta- riat pracowniczy polega na angażowaniu się pracowników firmy w działalność woluntarystyczną na rzecz organizacji społecznych.
    keywords: banaszkiewicz; biznesu; csr; dla; działań; ewa; firmy; jak; jako; jej; jest; kontekście; które; lub; makowska; odpowiedzialność; oraz; pracowników; pracy; przedsiębiorstwa; przez; przykład; rachunkowości; rozwoju; rzecz; również; się; społeczeństwa; społeczna; także; warszawa; wybranych; środowiska
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        item: #133 of 407
          id: cjfa-254
      author: Buszko, Michał
       title: Foreign currency housing loans and exchange rates – risk evaluation
        date: 2013
       words: 5250
      flesch: 67
     summary: -40,0% -30,0% -20,0% -10,0% 0,0% 10,0% 2006-01-02 2006-07-02 2007-01-02 2007-07-02 2008-01-02 2008-07-02 EUR CHF Ź r ó d ł o : opracowanie własne na podstawie średnich kursów walutowych NBP. 65,76 195,1 11,64 217,8 22,82 267,5 19,18 318,8 Udział kredytów walut w kredytach mieszk.
    keywords: 1,000000; banków; euro; franka; kredyty; kredytów; kursu; kursów; mieszkaniowe; mieszkaniowych; mld; obcych; okresie; oraz; podstawie; polsce; raport; rynku; ryzyka; się; sytuacji; udział; walut; walutach; walutowe; walutowych; wartości; wartość; zmiany; zmienności
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        item: #134 of 407
          id: cjfa-257
      author: Ciechan-Kujawa, Marlena; Goldmann, Katarzyna
       title: Cost management of e-business projects
        date: 2013
       words: 3790
      flesch: 44
     summary: Rezerwa 5000 Razem 94 200 * Przyjęte koszty odwzorowują poziom cenowy obowiązujący w miastach o liczbie mieszkańców w przedziale 250– –350 tys. Realizowane w tym zakresie przedsięwzięcia mają służyć poprawie efek- tywności, szybkości i innowacyjności oraz stanowić nowy sposób tworzenia wartości w organizacji.
    keywords: biznesowe; biznesowych; business; będzie; ciechan; czy; grupowych; ich; jak; jest; katarzyna; kosztami; koszty; kosztów; kujawa; marlena; miesiąc; między; oraz; produktu; projektu; przedsięwzięcia; przez; realizacji; serwisu; się; usługi; wartości; zakresie; zakupów; zarządzanie
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        item: #135 of 407
          id: cjfa-258
      author: Huterska, Agnieszka; Huterski, Robert
       title: Arrangement of functioning of shadow banking in Poland and in the European Union
        date: 2013
       words: 3400
      flesch: 41
     summary: Ze względu na pogorszenie się jakości kredytów w portfelach banków można przypuszczać, że udział niespłaconych Agnieszka Huterska, Robert Huterski OR 58 pożyczek znajdujących się w instytucjach parabankowych, które w bardziej li- beralny sposób przyznają pożyczki swoim klientom, może być wysoki (Raport o stabilności 2012: 63). Także zgromadzone w nich depozyty nie są ob- jęte gwarancjami Bankowego Funduszu Gwarancyjnego (art.
    keywords: banking; bankowości; bankowych; bankowym; czynności; działalności; finansowego; jak; jest; knf; komisja; które; lub; może; nadzoru; nie; oraz; podmioty; podmiotów; przez; rynku; równoległej; shadow; się; systemu; także
       cache: cjfa-258.pdf
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        item: #136 of 407
          id: cjfa-259
      author: Hyżyk, Sebastian
       title: Selected aspects of due diligence of sovereigns
        date: 2013
       words: 5339
      flesch: 42
     summary: SebaStian Hyżyk* European Investment Bank, Luxembourg selected aspects of due diligence of sovereigns** Key words: due diligence, public debt, sovereign credit rating. Selected aSpectS of due diligence of SovereignS 67 1.
    keywords: assessment; country; credit; currency; debt; diligence; factors; government; rating; risk; score; sovereigns; strength
       cache: cjfa-259.pdf
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        item: #137 of 407
          id: cjfa-260
      author: Kita, Mateusz
       title: Business Interruption insurance as an element of production company insurance program
        date: 2013
       words: 3661
      flesch: 62
     summary: Zastosowanie w działalności de- weloperskiej, Biblioteka Bankowca, Twigger, Warszawa. Zdarzenie objęte zakresem ubezpieczenia bazowego jest równocześnie początkiem okresu odszkodowawczego w odpowiednim ubezpieczeniu utraty zysku.
    keywords: być; działalności; element; galey; gdy; ich; insurance; jako; jego; jest; koszty; kosztów; kuhn; lub; mienia; może; nie; odszkodowania; oraz; produkcji; programu; przedsiębiorstwa; przez; przychodów; rynku; się; szkody; ubezpieczenia; ubezpieczeń; utraty; utraty zysku; wskutek; zaś; zysku
       cache: cjfa-260.pdf
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        item: #138 of 407
          id: cjfa-261
      author: Kozak, Piotr
       title: Costs of research and development in the view of the Accounting Act and the International Accounting Standard № 38 “Intangible Assets”
        date: 2013
       words: 5576
      flesch: 52
     summary: Rozliczenie Koszty obrotów (1) Poniesienie kosztów rodzajowych w związku z pracami rozwojowymi. (2) Księgowanie kosztów prac rozwojowych ze względu na miejsce ich poniesienia. Rozliczenie Koszty obrotów (1) Poniesienie kosztów rodzajowych w związku z pracami rozwojowymi. (2) Księgowanie kosztów prac rozwojowych ze względu na miejsce ich poniesienia.
    keywords: badawczo; badawczych; działalności; ich; jest; koszty; kosztów; kosztów koszty; kosztów prac; kosztów zakończonych; księgowanie kosztów; lub; miejsce; niematerialne; okresie; opracowanie; prac; prac rozwojowych; przeniesienie kosztów; rachunkowości; rozliczenie; rozwojowej; rozwojowych; rozwojowych ze; się; wartości; względu; własne; zakończonych; zakończonych prac; związku
       cache: cjfa-261.pdf
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        item: #139 of 407
          id: cjfa-262
      author: Krupa, Dorota; Walczak, Damian; Chojnacka, Ewa
       title: Saving preferences of households in Poland
        date: 2013
       words: 3486
      flesch: 51
     summary: Krupa, Damian Walczak, Ewa Chojnacka OR 118 Wyszczególnienie 2005 2007 2009 2011 w obligacjach 5,8% 3,3% 3,6% 2,9% w funduszach inwestycyjnych 9,2% 14,5% 8,4% 7,2% Indywidualne Konto Emerytalne 11,9% 9,0% 6,2% 4,3% w papierach wartościowych notowanych na giełdzie 3,2% 2,5% 2,0% 2,6% udziały oraz akcje w prywatnych spółkach akcyjnych 3,1% 2,4% 1,4% 2,1% lokaty w nieruchomościach 6,8% 6,4% 4,5% 3,0% lokaty w innych niż nieruchomości dobrach materialnych 2,6% 2,1% 1,8% 1,8% w gotówce 39,5% 44,2% 42,6% 44,7% w polisie ubezpieczeniowej X X X 9,1% w innej formie 6,0% 5,0% 6,0% 5,6% Gospodarstwa domowe deklarujące posiadanie oszczędności oraz formy gromadzenia oszczędności Wyszczególnienie 2005 2007 2009 2011 Udział gospodarstw domowych posiadających jakiekolwiek oszczędności 22,7% 27,7% 31,0% 36,1% Wskazywane formy gromadzenia oszczędności lokaty w bankach w złotych 66,1% 66,8% 70,4% 68,0% lokaty w bankach w walutach obcych 9,6% 6,6% 5,4% 4,0% Dorota
    keywords: alokacji; bankowych; cel; diagnoza; domowe; domowych; form; gospodarstw; jak; jest; lokatach; nie; oraz; oszczędności; oszczędzania; pln; przez; się; społeczna; udział; wartość
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        item: #140 of 407
          id: cjfa-263
      author: Piotrowski, Dariusz; Piotrowska, Anna
       title: Quantitative Easing – idea, targets and results
        date: 2013
       words: 5500
      flesch: 64
     summary: Ta sytuacja może się jednak zmienić wraz z pojawieniem się pierwszych oznak ożywienia gospodarczego w Polsce, co jest prognozowane na drugą połowę 2013 r.  Literatura Borowski K. (2010), Zachowanie się stóp procentowych oraz indeksów giełdowych w okre- sie kryzysu, [w:] Instrumenty i regulacje bankowe w czasie kryzysu, J. Nowakowski (red.), Difin, Warszawa. i s ta bi liz ac yj ne j n ie ce lo - w e, w ah an ia p ro du kt u są p oż ąd an e i o pt y- m al ne , p re fe ro w an e re gu ły ni e w pł yw a na w ie lk oś ci r ea ln e, je dy ni e je j ok re so w e zm ia ny m og ą pr ow ad zi ć do n ie - w ie lk ic h „e fe kt ów p ły nn oś ci ” je st n eu tr al ny ra cj on al ne br ak ro zr óż ni en ia ho ry zo nt ów , h i- po te za o dw ro tn ej pr zy cz yn ow oś ci N ow a sz ko ła ke yn es ow sk a pr ow ad ze ni e po lit yk i st ab ili za cy jn ej uz a- sa dn io ne i st ni ej ąc ym i sz ty w no śc ia m i, tz w .
    keywords: bank; banków; centralny; dolarów; fed; gospodarczego; gospodarki; jest; kryzys; lat; luzowania; mld; natomiast; nie; około; okresie; oraz; papierów; pieniądza; pieniężnej; podaży; polityki; poziomu; przez; rynku; się; stopy; tego; teorii; tym; warszawa; wzrost
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        item: #141 of 407
          id: cjfa-264
      author: Zgliczyńska, Wioleta
       title: The comparison of net premium to gross premium volume of life insurance
        date: 2013
       words: 10697
      flesch: 74
     summary: Przez dx rozumie się przeciętną liczbę zgonów w przedziale wieku od x do x+1, czyli (Śliwiński 2012: 62): �� � �� � ���� . Przez dx rozumie się przeciętną liczbę zgonów w przedziale wieku od x do x+1, czyli (Śliwiński 2012: 62): �� � �� � ���� .
    keywords: jest; które; lat; netto; netto w; oznacza; prawdopodobieństwo; przez; równość �; się; się w; składek �; składki; stąd �; w ubezpieczeniach; w wieku; wieku x; wynosi �; zatem �; śliwiński; świadczeń �; życia; − �; � gdzie; � oraz; � wartość; � łatwo; � −; � �
       cache: cjfa-264.pdf
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        item: #142 of 407
          id: cjfa-265
      author: Zimnicki, Tomasz
       title: The evolution of segment reporting standards under IFRS and its determinants
        date: 2013
       words: 9294
      flesch: 56
     summary: Tomasz Zimnicki166 Schemat 4. Informacje wymagane do ujawnienia przez IFRS8 149  których wyniki są regularnie przeglądane przez główny organ odpowiedzialny za podejmowanie decyzji operacyjnych w jednostce oraz stanowią podstawę alokacji Te obszary mogą zostać określone w oparciu o (IAS14R.13): ■ lokalizację aktywów – należy przez to rozumieć, że podczas dokony- wania podziału prowadzonej działalności ze względu na jej geograficz- ne rozczłonkowanie dokonuje się jej ze względu na położenie zakładów produkcyjnych lub punktów świadczenia usług; ■ lokalizację rynków i klientów – w tym przypadku należy kierować się geograficznym rozczłonkowaniem odbiorców towarów lub świadczo- nych usług, czyli rynków, które są przez daną jednostkę obsługiwane.
    keywords: accounting; ang; działalności; finansowej; ias14r; informacji; jednostki; jest; które; lub; należy; nichols; oraz; pod; przez; przychody; rachunkowości; ramach; reporting; również; segmentach; segmenty; segmentów; segmentów działalności; się; sprawozdawczości; standard; street; tych; tym; ujawnianych; według; według segmentów
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        item: #143 of 407
          id: cjfa-266
      author: Żołądkiewicz, Agnieszka
       title: Funding the development of micro enterprises in rural areas from PROW 2007–2013 – results
        date: 2013
       words: 3571
      flesch: 55
     summary: Dofinansowanie rozwoju mikroprzeDsiębiorczości… 185 Walczak D., Żołądkiewicz A. (2012), Dotacje dla mikroprzedsiębiorstw na wsi w ramach 2007–2013, [w:] Uwarunkowania rynkowe rozwoju mikro, małych i średnich przedsię- biorstw – Mikrofirma 2012, Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, Szcze- cin, s. 267–275. AgnieszkA Żołądkiewicz* Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu dofinAnsowAnie rozwoju mikroprzedsiębiorczości nA terenAch wiejskich w rAmAch prow 2007–2013 – rezultAty Słowa kluczowe: finanse, mikroprzedsiębiorstwo, PROW 2007–2013.
    keywords: arimr; działania; jest; miejsc; mikroprzedsiębiorczości; mikroprzedsiębiorstw; obszarów; pracy; prow; ramach; realizacji; rozwoju; rozwój; tworzenie; tym; tys; wiejskich; wsi
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        item: #144 of 407
          id: cjfa-267
      author: Dziawgo, Leszek
       title: Introduction
        date: 2013
       words: 174
      flesch: 50
     summary: Przed- stawiciele tak szeroko zdefiniowanego środowiska naukowego będą twórca- mi i odbiorcami treści publikowanych w CJF&A. W utrzymaniu wysokiej jako- ści publikowanych opracowań wspierają nas uznane osoby w Radzie Naukowej i Zespole Recenzentów, którym dziękujemy za zaangażowanie w tak ważne dzieło. Pismo jest przeznaczone dla środowiska zarówno teoretyków, jak i tych praktyków, którzy podjęli wyzwanie zdobywania stopni naukowych w dyscy- plinie „Finanse”.
    keywords: finanse; pismo
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        item: #145 of 407
          id: cjfa-268
      author: the editor, From
       title: For authors
        date: 2013
       words: 394
      flesch: 47
     summary: są publikowane artyku- ły w języku polskim oraz w języku angielskim. Autorzy artykułów publikowanych w czasopiśmie „Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting” nie otrzymują wynagrodzenia autorskiego.
    keywords: jest; journal; oraz
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        item: #146 of 407
          id: cjfa-28096
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2019
       words: 1167
      flesch: 28
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #147 of 407
          id: cjfa-28097
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2019
       words: 728
      flesch: 49
     summary: Józef Stawicki list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Siniša Zarić, University of Belgrade, Serbia Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic C o v e r D e s Leszek Dziawgo ExECutivE Editor: dr Dorota Krupa assoCiatE Editors: dr Ewa Chojnacka, mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła sECrEtary: dr Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, Poznan University of Economics, Poland Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #148 of 407
          id: cjfa-28098
      author: Adnan, ATM; Ahmed, Nisar
       title: THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MODEL: A LITERATURE REVIEW
        date: 2019
       words: 15830
      flesch: 48
     summary: Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 8(3), 7–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2019.011 atM adnan* BGMEA University of Fashion and Technology (BUFT) nisar ahMed** American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) the transforMation of the corporate governance Model: a literature review Keywords: corporate governance, corporations, agency theory, ownership structure, board of directors, executive compensation, ownership structure. However, latest and colossal financial failures have transmitted awareness to the subject of decent governance, integrity, faith, and answerabil- ity, intensifying the argument on matters of corporate governance (CG) and the conscience of economic act and simultaneously questioning the pure revenue boosting philosophy (Jamali, Safieddine & Rabbath, 2008).
    keywords: accounting; agency; board; business; capital; control; corporations; directors; economics; executive; finance; firm; framework; governance; governance model; journal; management; market; model; ownership; performance; policy; review; stakeholder; structure; studies; study; theory; value
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        item: #149 of 407
          id: cjfa-28099
      author: Khunkaew, Rojana; Qingxiang, Yang
       title: THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TOP MANAGMENT AND FIRM’S EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: THE EVIDENCE FORM THAILAND
        date: 2019
       words: 13278
      flesch: 55
     summary: AB_CFO the abnormal cash flows from operations that is measured as (−1)*the residual from following regression: ������ ������� � ��� � �� �� ������⁄ ) � ����� ������)⁄ � ���� �� ������⁄ ) � ��� CFO is cash flows from operation; S is annual sales; A is total assets. AB_CFO the abnormal cash flows from operations that is measured as (−1)*the residual from following regression: ������ ������� � ��� � �� �� ������⁄ ) � ����� ������)⁄ � ���� �� ������⁄ ) � ��� CFO is cash flows from operation; S is annual sales; A is total assets.
    keywords: + �; accruals �; characteristics; earnings; earnings management; management; qingxiang60 �; tenure; tmt; year; ⁄ �; ⁄⁄⁄ �; � cfo; � disx; � ⁄; � ⁄⁄⁄; � �
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        item: #150 of 407
          id: cjfa-28100
      author: Nageri, Kamaldeen Ibraheem
       title: EVALUATING VOLTALITY PERSISTENCE OF STOCK RETURTN IN THE PRE AND POST 2008-2009 FINANCIAL MELTDOWN
        date: 2019
       words: 15213
      flesch: 53
     summary: Thus, the half-life of volatility shock is given by Zivot and Wang (2006) and Rei- der (2009) as: ��� � ��� = (� � �)(����� � ���) � � � ����� (10) Where ��� = ��(� � � � �) is the unconditional long run magnitude of volatility per- sistence and �� = (��� � ���). The student’s-t distribution; ��� � ��� = (� � �)(����� � ���) � � � ����� (10) Where ��� = ��(� � � � �) is the unconditional long run magnitude of volatility per- sistence and �� = (��� � ���).
    keywords: + �; period �; rate �; security �; time �; | �; ∑ �; � +; � return; � |; � �
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        item: #151 of 407
          id: cjfa-28101
      author: Oke, Lukman Adebayo; Saheed, Daud Omotosho; Quadri, Yusuf Olamilekan
       title: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF CORPORATE CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED CONGLOMERATES IN NIGERIA
        date: 2019
       words: 8235
      flesch: 52
     summary: Abstract: The relationship between capital structure and firms’ financial performance has attracted the attention of many researchers both locally and globally. Against this backdrop, the study investi- gated the impact of capital structure on the financial performance of listed conglome- rates in Nigerian using descriptive statistics, pairwise correlation and panel data re- gression technique to analyze the secondary data extracted from the annual reports and accounts of the six (6) selected conglomerates for the period 2008 to 2017.
    keywords: assets; capital; capital structure; debt; financial; firm; journal; nigeria; performance; ratio; relationship; structure; study; term; total; value
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        item: #152 of 407
          id: cjfa-30358
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2020
       words: 1167
      flesch: 27
     summary: for authors Peer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #153 of 407
          id: cjfa-30359
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2020
       words: 831
      flesch: 45
     summary: Józef Stawicki list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Maciej Wiatr, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Siniša Zarić, University of Belgrade, Serbia Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic C o v e r D e s Leszek Dziawgo ExECutivE Editor: dr Dorota Krupa assoCiatE Editors: dr Ewa Chojnacka, mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła sECrEtary: dr Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. M. Peter van der Hoek, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, Poznan University of Economics, Poland Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany S t a t
    keywords: economics; hab; poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #154 of 407
          id: cjfa-30360
      author: Adegbite, Tajudeen Adejare; Bojuwon, Mustapha; Adegbite, Adenike Foluke
       title: THE IMPACT OF ICT ON TAXATION: EVIDENCE FROM OYO STATE
        date: 2020
       words: 6924
      flesch: 44
     summary: Tax revenue can only be achieved through tax authority, SBIR and FIRS for the state (SG) and federal government (FG) respectively. By benefit of adopting ICT, tax revenue has recorded a stupendous achieve- ments.
    keywords: administration; collection; disagree; government; ict; impact; information; nigeria; oyo; oyo state; revenue; state; tax; taxation; taxpayers
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        item: #155 of 407
          id: cjfa-30361
      author: Aggarwal, Ansita; Acharya, Satya Ranjan
       title: CHOOSING EQUITY AS A SOURCE OF FINANCE: PERCEPTION OF SME PROMOTERS
        date: 2020
       words: 6226
      flesch: 62
     summary: Small finance banks: Challenges. Presently, the gap can be seen between the demand side and supply side of bank loans as it can be seen that there is an exceptionally high growth rate of SMEs in India (Maiti, 2018).
    keywords: bank; capital; company; equity; finance; india; kumar; loan; ltd; smes; source
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        item: #156 of 407
          id: cjfa-30364
      author: Aifuwa, Hope Osayantin; Saidu, Musa; Enehizena, Osaruese Cynthia; Osazevbaru, Albert
       title: ACCOUNTING INFORMATION AND LENDING DECISION: DOES SUSTAINABILITY DISCLOSURE MATTER?
        date: 2020
       words: 10136
      flesch: 48
     summary: The study concluded that accounting information affect banks’ lending decisions, also although corporate sustainability insignificantly influence bank lending decision, it does not matter.   In Nigeria, the banking industry, the use of accounting information in bank lending decisions is an issue of concern to stakeholders, owing to previous bank scandals which in- volved chief executive officers of major banks in the 2000’s (Emeni, 2014).
    keywords: accounting; accounting information; banks; collateral; commercial; disclosure; financial; firms; information; journal; lending; lending decisions; level; management; nigeria; profit; study; sustainability; value
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        item: #157 of 407
          id: cjfa-30365
      author: Akan, Mustafa
       title: OPTIMAL CONTROL THEORETIC APPROACH TO INVESTMENT IN DOCTORS
        date: 2020
       words: 15808
      flesch: 69
     summary:              2( ) 2 ( ) or, =2 (D-T) D T D T       ' 2 '( ) 2 ' D T T     2 2 2 12 '( ) 2 ' ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) ( ) ( )D T T d e c D T D T T F D T                  / 1( / )k              2( ) 2 ( ) or, =2 (D-T) D T D T       ' 2 '( ) 2 ' D T T     2 2 2 12 '( ) 2 ' ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) ( ) ( )D T T d e c D T D T T F D T                  / 1( / )k
    keywords: d t; doctors; equation; health; number; t t;  ;  ;  
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        item: #158 of 407
          id: cjfa-30366
      author: Bag, Dinabandhu
       title: INFORMATION CONTENT OF STOCKS IN CALL AUCTION OF SHORTER DURATION IN EMERGING MARKET
        date: 2020
       words: 9652
      flesch: 67
     summary: Information content of stocks in call auction of shorter duration in emerging mar- ket. This paper explores the shi- fts in information content of the pre-market auction session over time.
    keywords: information; market; order; probability; stocks; volatility; volume; � �; 𝑅 �; 𝑆𝑆 �
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        item: #159 of 407
          id: cjfa-30367
      author: Desai, Jay; Desai, Rajesh
       title: CAPITAL STRUCTURE AS DETERMINANT OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
        date: 2020
       words: 5349
      flesch: 54
     summary: http://dx.doi. org/10.12775/CJFA.2019.021 jay desai* Gujarat University rajesh desai** Chimanbhai Patel Institute capital structure as deterMinant of financial perforMance: review of literature Keywords: capital structure, financial performance, conceptual model, literature re- view. Capital structure as determinant of financial performance: re- view of literature.
    keywords: capital; capital structure; debt; firm; impact; journal; performance; ratio; research; structure
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        item: #160 of 407
          id: cjfa-30368
      author: Aggarwal, Ansita; Acharya, Satya Ranjan
       title: IMPACT ON CAPITAL STRUCTURE DECISION MAKING: INDIAN MEDIUM-SIZED FOOD INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
        date: 2020
       words: 5241
      flesch: 60
     summary: Till 2012 the small firms were not able to take advantage of equity firms as they were not allowed to enter the equity market. Tax Rate has a nega- tive effect on the leverage of Indian firms (Handoo & Sharma, 2014).
    keywords: assets; capital; effect; equity; firms; food; india; market; structure
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        item: #161 of 407
          id: cjfa-30369
      author: Kaur, Mandeep; Gupta, Kapil
       title: ESTIMATING HEDGING EFFECTIVENESS USING VARIANCE REDUCTION AND RISK-RETURN APPROACHES: EVIDENCE FROM NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE OF INDIA
        date: 2020
       words: 10684
      flesch: 55
     summary: Equation (1) ex- plains the procedure suggested by Ederington (1979), which works efficiently when futures market returns are unbiased predictor of cash market returns. In equation (1), Rs,t is cash market returns, Rf,t is futures market returns, αo is in- tercept term and εt is error term as detailed below: Rs,t = α0 + β1Rf,t + εt.
    keywords: cash; effectiveness; futures; hedge; hedge ratio; hedging; hedging effectiveness; portfolio; returns; variance
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        item: #162 of 407
          id: cjfa-30370
      author: Miceikienė, Astrida; Rimkuvienė, Daiva; Gesevičienė, Kristina
       title: ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION DETERMINANTS IN THE ECONOMY SECTORS OF LITHUANIA
        date: 2020
       words: 4771
      flesch: 46
     summary: The relationship between GDP and GHG emissions is significant for certain economic activities only.   Nonetheless, the level of GHG emissions continues to be fairly high in Lithuania (figure 1).
    keywords: activities; climate; emissions; environmental; ghg; ghg emissions; lithuania; pollution; research
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        item: #163 of 407
          id: cjfa-30371
      author: Shifa, Muktar Abdela; Debela, Kenenisa Lemmi; Tarfa, Endalew Gutu
       title: DETERMINANTS OF THE PROFITABILITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN ETHIOPIA
        date: 2020
       words: 5369
      flesch: 52
     summary: http://dx.doi. org/10.12775/CJFA.2019.024 Muktar abdela shifa* Ethiopian Telecommunication Corporation kenenisa leMMi debela** Jimma University endalew gutu tarfa*** Jimma University deterMinants of the profitability of coMMercial banks in ethiopia Keywords: health, profitability, determinants, commercial banks, pooled OLS, Ethiopia. Profitability is the prima- ry objective of any business including commercial banks.
    keywords: asset; banking; banks; business; determinants; ethiopia; gdp; income; profitability; risk; study
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        item: #164 of 407
          id: cjfa-30879
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2020
       words: 1167
      flesch: 27
     summary: for autHors Peer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #165 of 407
          id: cjfa-30880
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2020
       words: 760
      flesch: 47
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń, phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła), fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Hope Osayantin Aifuwa Sustainability reporting and firm performance in developing climes: A review of literature ............................................................................................................ 9 S. S. M. Sadrul Huda, Md. Humayun Kabir, Nurun Naher Popy, Sunny Saha Innovation in financial services: the case of Bangladesh ............................................. 31 Muhammed Lawal Subair, Ramat Titilayo Salman, Ayodeji Fatai Abolarin, Abdulrasheed Taiwo Abdullahi, Akeem Sisofa Othman Board Characteristics and the Likelihood of Financial Statement Fraud .................... Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Elena Kireeva, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: hab; poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #166 of 407
          id: cjfa-30898
      author: Aifuwa, Hope Osayantin
       title: SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING AND FIRM PERFORMANCE IN DEVELOPING CLIMES: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE
        date: 2020
       words: 7750
      flesch: 44
     summary: Impact of sustainability performance of company on its financial performance. In selecting articles that research the impact of sustain- ability practices on corporate firm performance, several keywords were used: corporate sustainability, social sustainability, environmental sustainability, firm performance, financial performance, and non-financial performance.
    keywords: accounting; business; companies; disclosure; firms; gri; impact; issues; journal; nigeria; organization; performance; reporting; sustainability; sustainability reporting
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        item: #167 of 407
          id: cjfa-30900
      author: Huda, S. S. M. Sadrul; Kabir, MD. Humayun; Popy, Nurun Naher; Saha, Sunny
       title: INNOVATION IN FINANCIAL SERVICES: THE CASE OF BANGLADESH
        date: 2020
       words: 8296
      flesch: 53
     summary: Humayun Kabir** East West University nurun naHer popy*** East West University sunny saHa**** East West University innovation in financial services: tHe case of bangladesH Keywords: financial innovation, financial technology (fintech), mobile financial servi- ces, financial inclusion, digital financial services. Moreover, the study focus on a comparative picture, which gives us a clear understanding of the situation of financial services innovation be- tween Bangladesh and other countries.
    keywords: account; agent; bangladesh; bank; banking; cash; customers; financial; innovation; internet; mfs; payment; products; services; world
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        item: #168 of 407
          id: cjfa-30901
      author: Subair, Muhammed Lawal; Salman, Ramat Titlayo; Abolarin, Ayodeji Fatai; Abdullahi, Abdulrasheed Taiwo; Othman, Akeem Sisofa
       title: BOARD CHARACTERISTICS AND THE LIKELIHOOD OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT FRAUD
        date: 2020
       words: 6551
      flesch: 50
     summary: First, there exist inconsistent findings on the nexus between, board independ- ence and the likelihood of financial statement fraud; board expertise and the likelihood of financial statement frauds. The findings reveal that the odd ratio of board independence, board expertise and board diligence negatively and significantly reduce the log odds of financial statement fraud in manufacturing firms in Nigeria.
    keywords: accounting; board; characteristics; firms; fraud; independence; journal; likelihood; management; research; statement; statement fraud; study
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        item: #169 of 407
          id: cjfa-30902
      author: Zouari, Ghazi; Abdelmalek, Imen
       title: FINANCIAL INNOVATION, RISK MANAGEMENT, AND BANK PERFORMANCE
        date: 2020
       words: 10370
      flesch: 53
     summary: At the detailed level, the im- pact of risk management on bank performance shows a positive relationship between financial risk management and bank performance. Similarly, Chen and Peng (2019) ar- gue that financial innovation increase banks’ liquidity risk.
    keywords: bank; bank performance; effect; fininn; innovation; performance; relationship; risk management; � �; � 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹; � 𝑍𝑍; � 𝛼; 𝑃𝑃 �; 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 �; 𝛿𝛿 �; 𝜀𝜀 �
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        item: #170 of 407
          id: cjfa-30905
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2020
       words: 763
      flesch: 49
     summary: Wersja papierowa jest dostępna w druku na żądanie na stronie internetowej Wydawnictwa www.wydawnictwoumk.pl © 2020 Copyright by Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika Toruń 2020 list of reviewers Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Hedi Baazaoui For a new method of calculating the disclosure index ................................................... 9 Ishfaq Hamid, Pabitra Kumar Jena Linear and non-linear Granger causality between foreign direct investment and economic growth: evidence from India ................................................................. Damian Walczak, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska scientific council Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Elena Kireeva, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: hab; poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #171 of 407
          id: cjfa-30906
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2020
       words: 1167
      flesch: 27
     summary: for autHors Peer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #172 of 407
          id: cjfa-30908
      author: Baazaoui, Hedi
       title: FOR A NEW METHOD OF CALCULATING THE DISCLOSURE INDEX
        date: 2020
       words: 5769
      flesch: 47
     summary: The influence of environmental factors on the quality and content of information disclosure has been defended by the theory of environmental de- terminism. Environmental factors are advanced in the literature as major determi- nants of information disclosure, regardless of its nature, quantity and quality.
    keywords: accounting; disclosure; disclosure index; ias; ifrs; index; information; method; sample; standards; study
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        item: #173 of 407
          id: cjfa-30909
      author: Hamid, Ishfaq; Jena, Pabitra Kumar
       title: LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR GRANGER CASUALITY BETWEEN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM INDIA
        date: 2020
       words: 12071
      flesch: 60
     summary: By supposing lx= ly =1 and reducing the time indexes for easiness, the combined and peripheral probability density purposes, under the (H0), should accomplish the subsequent relation: (𝑌𝑌���,�,𝑌𝑌���)𝗅𝗅 �I��, I��� ~�Y���,�,Y����𝗅𝗅�I��� (6) IXt and IYt provide the evidence of the previous and present observation of Xt and Yt, correspondingly and~ indicates equality in circulation. From the above Granger causality explanation, Diks and Panchenko (2006) contend that Granger causes if for S>1: (𝑌𝑌���,�,𝑌𝑌���)𝗅𝗅 �I��, I��� ~�Y���,�,Y����𝗅𝗅�I��� (6) IXt and IYt provide the evidence of the previous and present observation of Xt and Yt, correspondingly and~ indicates equality in circulation.
    keywords: + �; j �; t �; y �; z �; μ �; � (x; � +; � f; � ∆log(fdi; � ∆log(gdp; � �; 𝐻𝐻 �; 𝑌𝑌 �; 𝛽𝛽 �
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        item: #174 of 407
          id: cjfa-30910
      author: Sanni, Mubaraq; Oke, Lukman Adebayo; Alayande, Idayat Titilayo
       title: BANK CREDIT ACCESSIBILITY AND PERFORMANCE OF SMES IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA: A PLS-SEM ANALYSIS
        date: 2020
       words: 6101
      flesch: 52
     summary: Abstract: This study examines the effect deposit money banks credit accessibility on SMEs performance in Kwara State, Nigeria. Hence, this study is undertaken to examine the effect of DMBs credit accessibility and credit related charges (interest) on SMEs performance in Kwara State, Nigeria.
    keywords: access; banks; credit; enterprises; finance; growth; kwara; nigeria; performance; sector; smes; state; study
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        item: #175 of 407
          id: cjfa-30939
      author: Wondimu, Sintayehu Tulu; Birru, Mathewos Woldemariam
       title: DETERMINANTS OF INFORMAL ECONOMY ESTIMATION IN ETHIOPIA: MULTIPLE-INDICATORS, MULTIPLE-CAUSES (MIMIC) APPROACH
        date: 2020
       words: 19839
      flesch: 56
     summary: 𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑛 (����)�(���)(���) (����)� ���� METHODS OF DATA ANALYSIS After accomplishing data collections undertaken the descriptive and econometric data analysis with the aid of Statistical software. 𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑛 (����)�(���)(���) (����)� ���� METHODS OF DATA ANALYSIS After accomplishing data collections undertaken the descriptive and econometric data analysis with the aid of Statistical software.
    keywords: ς �; � ε𝜍; � �; � 𝑥𝑥𝜍; � 𝜀𝜀𝜍; � 𝜂𝜂𝜍; � 𝜍; � 𝜍𝜍𝜍; 𝑦𝑦 �; 𝑦𝑦𝜍 �; 𝑧𝑧 �; 𝛾𝛾 �; 𝜀𝜀 �; 𝜂𝜂 �; 𝜆𝜆𝜂𝜂 �; 𝜍𝜍 �
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        item: #176 of 407
          id: cjfa-3232
      author: ., .
       title: Introduction
        date: 2013
       words: 212
      flesch: 48
     summary: In this way a passion for scientific work finds new possibilities of coopera- tion. The Journal serves for the development of the science of Finance as a forum of presentations and analyses of scientific working papers in the scope of finance and accoun- ting in the international dimension.
    keywords: finance
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        item: #177 of 407
          id: cjfa-3233
      author: Adamiak, Stanisław; Chojnacka, Ewa; Walczak, Damian
       title: Social Security in Poland – cultural, historical and economical issues
        date: 2013
       words: 6285
      flesch: 44
     summary: social security in poland 15 The doctrine of ‘needless goods’ was proclaimed by eminent theologians, including the most famous one, St. Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) (Summa The- ologiae, IIa–IIae, q. 66, a. 7, sc), however, no major efforts were made to imple- ment the doctrine since it was difficult to define precisely what ‘excess goods’ were (Strzeszewski 1960). social security in poland 19 hand, however, an individual constitutes a goal and, therefore, has the right, within reasonable limits, to take care of his/her own good (e.g., pension depen- dent of the value of the assets saved by an individual).
    keywords: act; benefits; catholic; church; contributions; fund; health; insurance; item; journal; laws; poland; security; state; system; teaching
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        item: #178 of 407
          id: cjfa-3234
      author: Buszko, Michał
       title: Swiss franc mortgage loans – a threat or source of benefits to borrowers?
        date: 2013
       words: 6720
      flesch: 59
     summary: W praktyce sytuacja taka zaistniała na początku 2009 r. oraz w szczególności w całym 2012 r. 8,2 10,0 0,4 Wartość portfela kredytów w CHF (mld zł) b.d. b.d. b.d.
    keywords: 2013; banków; chf; dla; finansowania; franku; kredytobiorców; kredytowania; kredyty; kredytów; kursu; letnich; mieszkaniowe; mieszkaniowych; okresie; opracowanie; oraz; pln; przypadku; punktu; rata; rynku; rys; ryzyko; się; spłaty; stosunku; tym; tytułu; walucie; walutowe; walutowych; wartości; wartość; widzenia
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        item: #179 of 407
          id: cjfa-3235
      author: Huterski, Robert
       title: Money illusion – the essence, social and economic costs and ways of their reduction in the light of sustainable development concept
        date: 2013
       words: 5234
      flesch: 42
     summary: Wywołują one dysharmonię między ładem gospodarczym i społecznym, co wzmaga negatywne skutki zaburzeń w ramach tych ładów dla ładu środo- wiskowego. Może też oddziaływać sam efekt większego nominału ( face value effect) albo różnica w łatwości podzielenia względem pomnożenia przy danych układach kursowych, rzutująca na prawidłowość przeliczania relacji jednostek waluty krajowej względem jednostek waluty obcej i w rezultacie na ostateczną decyzję o transakcji.
    keywords: cen; czy; decyzji; dla; doi; economic; gdy; ich; illusion; iluzji; iluzji pieniądza; inflacji; informacji; jak; jako; jego; jest; które; lub; między; mogą; money; może; nie; niż; nominalnych; oraz; pieniądza; przez; przy; relacji; rozwoju; rynku; shafir; się; skutki; tego; tych; tyran; uczestników; zrównoważonego; zwłaszcza
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        item: #180 of 407
          id: cjfa-3236
      author: Kisiel, Michał
       title: Funding sources in mobile payments systems
        date: 2013
       words: 4143
      flesch: 41
     summary: DOI: 10.12775/CJFA.2013.0162013, volume 2, issue 2 Michał Kisiel* Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych Katedra Finansów Modele systeMów płatności Mobilnych a źródła pieniądza oraz MechanizMy rozrachunKu transaKcji Słowa kluczowe: płatności, płatności mobilne, bankowość elektroniczna, instrumen- ty płatnicze. Istota i klasyfikacje płatności mobilnych Pojęcie płatności mobilnych definiowane jest zazwyczaj jako „płatności dokonywane przy użyciu urządzenia mobilnego” (Hayashi 2012, Borcuch 2007, Polasik 2009).
    keywords: być; jest; karty; lub; mobile; mobilnego; mobilnych; model; mogą; może; nie; oparte; operatora; oraz; payments; pieniądza; podziału; przez; płatnicze; płatniczych; płatności; płatności mobilnych; rozrachunku; się; systemy; systemów; transakcji; zazwyczaj; źródła
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        item: #181 of 407
          id: cjfa-3237
      author: Kunkowski, Janusz
       title: Role and tasks of payment integrators in the Polish e-commerce
        date: 2013
       words: 6047
      flesch: 52
     summary: Dostępność metod płatności w sklepach internetowych Wyniki badania uwidoczniły występowanie znaczących dysproporcji w zasięgu akceptowania po- szczególnych metod płatności przez sklepy internetowe. Rozwiąza- nie to pozwala na wysyłanie i otrzymywanie pilnych płatności w czasie rzeczywistym.
    keywords: dla; handlu; integratorów; internetowe; internetowych; jest; które; kunkowski; metod; może; oraz; payu; pobraniem; polasik; polsce; polskim; przelewów; przez; przy; płatniczych; płatności; płatność; się; sklepy; sklepów; transakcji; udział; wykres; zamówień
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        item: #182 of 407
          id: cjfa-3238
      author: Lewandowski, Remigiusz
       title: Polish Security Printing Works in the system of public and economic security
        date: 2013
       words: 5670
      flesch: 44
     summary: Grzemski J., Krześ A. (2010), Analiza pojęcia “przestępstwa godzące w podstawy eko- nomiczne państwa” w ustawie z dnia 24 maja 2002 r. o Agencji Bezpieczeństwa W literaturze przedmiotu wskazuje się, że państwa stosują odpo- wiednie rozwiązania (w tym instrumenty prawne) zapewniające utrzymanie produkcji dokumentów i banknotów w macierzystym kraju, z uwzględnieniem interesu państwowego (Girdwoyń 2007, 5).
    keywords: banknotów; bezpieczeństwa; bezpieczeństwa państwa; dla; dnia; dokumentów; działalności; ekonomicznego; interes; jak; jako; jest; które; lub; narodowego; nie; oraz; papierów; państwa; podstawowego; podstawowy; polska; procesów; produkcji; przez; przypadku; publicznego; pwpw; również; security; się; także; tego; transakcji; tym; ustawy; wartościowych; wewnętrznego; wytwórnia; zakresie; zamówień; zatem; środków
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        item: #183 of 407
          id: cjfa-3239
      author: Maciejewski, Krzysztof
       title: Impact of interchange fees rates on the Polish payment cards market
        date: 2013
       words: 4870
      flesch: 48
     summary: Wyniki badania ankietowego przeprowadzonego przez autora wśród agentów rozlicze- niowych umożliwiły ustalenie udziału opłaty interchange w opłacie akceptanta w przypad- ku transakcji przetwarzanych przez ww. podmioty w Polsce w latach 2008–2010 w fizycz- nych punktach sprzedaży (bez uwzględnienia transakcji internetowych), co przedstawiono w tabeli 1. Tabela 1. Porównanie stawek opłat interchange w Polsce
    keywords: agenta; agentów; akceptacji; akceptanta; bank; dla; europejskiej; interchange; jest; kart; latach; lub; nie; opłaty; oraz; podstawie; polsce; polskim; przez; płatniczych; płatności; rozliczeniowego; rozwoju; rynku; się; systemu; systemów; transakcji; unii
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        item: #184 of 407
          id: cjfa-3240
      author: Merino, Elena; Manzaneque, Montserrat; Priego, Alba Maria
       title: “Board independence” and compensation structure of directors
        date: 2013
       words: 11643
      flesch: 51
     summary: The   4 1k itX are independent variables representative of board charac- teristics, where k= board ownership (OWNDIRit), duality of the chairman of the board and the CEO (CEODUAit), proportion of external board members (OUTSIDit), board size (BRDSIZit);   4 1m itCV are control variables, where m= corporate size (CRPSIZEit), industry dummies (INDUSTRYit), return on assets (ROAit) and stock return (STOCKRETit); and εit is the idiosyncratic error. The   4 1k itX are independent variables representative of board charac- teristics, where k= board ownership (OWNDIRit), duality of the chairman of the board and the CEO (CEODUAit), proportion of external board members (OUTSIDit), board size (BRDSIZit);   4 1m itCV are control variables, where m= corporate size (CRPSIZEit), industry dummies (INDUSTRYit), return on assets (ROAit) and stock return (STOCKRETit); and εit is the idiosyncratic error.
    keywords: board; characteristics; compensation; control; directors; effect; et al; fees; governance; independence; manzaneque; members; model; remuneration; size; stock; variable
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        item: #185 of 407
          id: cjfa-3241
      author: Pawłowski, Jarosław
       title: Derivatives as security against market risk on the example of the selected companies
        date: 2013
       words: 4612
      flesch: 55
     summary: Depending on the criteria that are followed, there is a series of Derivatives as security against market risk on the example 155 classifications regarding separate types of risk. A role of security in this kind of risk is played by Asian call options of European Derivatives as security against market risk on the example 163 type, and risk reversal option strategies, which are based on purchasing both call and put options.
    keywords: derivatives; exchange; instruments; market; options; price; rate; risk; security
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        item: #186 of 407
          id: cjfa-3242
      author: Sojak, Sławomir
       title: Book-keeping in Mesopotamia in the Third and Second Millennium BC
        date: 2013
       words: 6513
      flesch: 60
     summary: giri3 Kaamu, ogrodnik – 20 litrów kleiku mlecznego (ga-śe-a) i od ensiego (ki ensi2-ta) AS.3 rachunek rozliczeniowy Pada, kupca – w aktywach: ensi dostawcą części srebra AS.3.i rachunek rozliczeniowy Ur-Dumuzida, kupca: – w aktywach: ensi przekazuje (giri3) wełnę sprzedaną za srebro (1 mina) – w pasywach: 11 śekli srebra na signum ensiego AS.4 aktywa kupców: – ensi dostarczył 45 talentów wełny za 5 min srebra AS.4 rachunek rozliczeniowy Sagku, kupca: – w aktywach: ensi dostawcą całego srebra na aktywa = 5/6 miny 8 1/3 śekli srebra przekazanego przez (giri3) – Lukalla, Lugal-kuzu i samego ensiego AS.4 rachunek rozliczeniowy Ur-Dumuzida, kupca – w aktywach: ensi dostawcą wełny sprzedanej – za srebro (ponad połowę całości aktywów)a) a) rachunek opiewa w aktywach na 6 5/6 miny 1 2/3szekla i 5 ziaren srebra, przy czym ze sprzedaży wełny dostarczo- nej przez ensiego uzyskano 3 5/6 miny 8 1/3 szekla i 20 ziaren srebra.
    keywords: bala; bielicki; była; było; były; chr; czy; dla; ensi; ensiego; gur; ich; iii; jako; jego; jest; keeping; księgowość; księgowych; lub; magazynu; mezopotamii; można; nie; oraz; owce; pracy; przez; przy; rachunek; roku; się; srebra; stępień; sławomir; tabliczek; tabliczki; także; towarów; tym; według; wełny; więc; zapisy; zapisów; świątyni
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        item: #187 of 407
          id: cjfa-3243
      author: Solarz, Małgorzata
       title: The importance of shadow banking sector entities for population affected by credit exclusion
        date: 2013
       words: 4707
      flesch: 40
     summary: Anderloni L. (2008), Financial services provision and prevention of financial exclusion, European Commission, http://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?langId=en&catId=22 (27.09.2013). The imporTance of shadow banking secTor enTiTies for populaTion 191 Both products and services offered by alternative financial services pro- viders were mainly appreciated by households deprived of creditworthiness and offered them an opportunity to take advantage of bank credits.
    keywords: banking; credit; entities; exclusion; financial; institutions; loan; population; sector; services; shadow; shadow banking; system
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        item: #188 of 407
          id: cjfa-3244
      author: Wiśniewska, Jolanta
       title: Expert auditors’ services classification
        date: 2013
       words: 3600
      flesch: 42
     summary: i inne usługi świad- czone na potrzeby i w związku z postę- powaniem sądowym (usługi pomocnicze w sprawach sądowych) – usługi pomocnicze w sprawach sądowych – występowanie w charakterze biegłego sądowego – wyliczanie szacunkowych kwot szkód lub odszkodowań albo innych kwot, które w wyniku sprawy sądowej lub innego sporu prawnego, mogą stać się należnościami lub zobowiązaniami – pomoc przy zarządzaniu dokumentami oraz ich wyszukiwaniu usługi prawne – usługi dotyczące działalności korporacyjnej i przejęć, a także pomoc dla wewnętrznych działów prawnych klientów – usługi prawne służące wspieraniu klienta w przeprowadzeniu transakcji usługi rekrutacyjne – sprawdzenie kwalifikacji zawodowych grupy – kandydatów oraz doradzanie w zakresie ich przydatności na dane stanowisko – odbywanie rozmów kwalifikacyjnych z kandydatami na określone stanowisko – udzielanie porad na temat kompetencji kandydata ubiegającego się o stanowisko w dziale rachunkowości finansowej, administracji lub kontroli usługi z zakresu finan- sów korporacyjnych – pomoc w projektowaniu strategii przedsiębiorstwa – doradztwo z zakresu transakcji kupna lub sprzedaży – wsparcie w przeprowadzeniu transakcji mających na celu uzyskanie finansowania – doradztwo z zakresu restrukturyzacji działalności przedsiębiorstwa
    keywords: art; badanie; biegłego; biegłych; czynności; finansowej; finansowych; informacji; jest; klasyfikacja; lub; międzynarodowych; oraz; przez; rachunkowości; rewidenta; rewizji; sprawozdań; standardów; usług; według; wykonywanych; zawód
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        item: #189 of 407
          id: cjfa-3245
      author: Bolibok, Piotr
       title: Recenzja książki Bankowość, pod red. nauk. M. Zaleskiej, Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck, Warszawa 2013
        date: 2013
       words: 2877
      flesch: 41
     summary: Rozdział trzeci zamyka, dokonane przez J. Koleśnika, omówienie filarów Nowej Umowy Kapitałowej: wymogów kapitałowych (w tym kapitału regula- cyjnego i współczynnika adekwatności kapitałowej), procesu analizy nadzor- czej oraz dyscypliny rynkowej. Niewątpliwą zaletą jest silne osadzenie tego fragmentu w praktyce bankowej oraz prezentacja no- woczesnych rozwiązań w zakresie platform bankowości transakcyjnej (s. 106), biometrycznych technologii uwierzytelniania (s. 106), usług zarządzania płyn- nością (s. 112–113)
    keywords: bankowego; bankowości; bankowych; banku; banków; dla; finansowego; funkcjonowania; jak; jego; jest; klientów; metod; nauk; oraz; portfelem; przez; publikacji; rozdział; ryzyka; się; stabilności; systemu; tego; tym; usług; współczesnej; zagadnienia; zarządzania
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        item: #190 of 407
          id: cjfa-3246
      author: ., .
       title: Dla Autorów
        date: 2013
       words: 897
      flesch: 45
     summary: Definicje ghostwriting i guest authorship według Ministerstwa Nauki i Szkol- nictwa Wyższego (źrodło: http://www.nauka.gov.pl): ■ z ghostwriting mamy do czynienia wówczas, gdy ktoś wniósł istotny wkład w powstanie publikacji, bez ujawnienia swojego udziału jako je- den z autorów lub bez wymienienia jego roli w podziękowaniach za- mieszczonych w publikacji; ■ z guest authorship (honorary authorship) mamy do czynienia wówczas, gdy udział autora jest znikomy lub w ogóle nie miał miejsca, a pomimo to jest autorem/współautorem publikacji. Na podstawie uzyskanych ocen Redakcja podejmuje decyzję o odrzuceniu, przyjęciu albo odesłaniu publikacji do Autora w celu naniesienia poprawek.
    keywords: artykułu; autorów; czasopisma; jest; journal; lub; nie; przez; publikacji
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        item: #191 of 407
          id: cjfa-3247
      author: ., .
       title: Strony Redakcyjne
        date: 2013
       words: 767
      flesch: 65
     summary: Stanisław Owsiak, Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. dr hab. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu, Poznan University of Economics, Poland Prof. Dr. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. dr hab.
    keywords: hab; prof
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        item: #192 of 407
          id: cjfa-3255
      author: Dziawgo, Leszek
       title: Introduction
        date: 2014
       words: 279
      flesch: 63
     summary: However, in spite of the above mentioned four capitals we deal with two kinds of problems: ■ permanent problems (e.g., unemployment, poverty and overstress) and ■ extraordinary problems (e.g., economic or financial crisis). If yes, how to create and impose social capital in economy maintaining parallelly market mechanisms?
    keywords: capital
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        item: #193 of 407
          id: cjfa-3257
      author: Adamiak, Stanisław; Walczak, Damian
       title: Catholic social teaching, sustainable development and social solidarism in the context of social security
        date: 2014
       words: 3869
      flesch: 44
     summary: Catholic social teaching, social solidarism and sustainable growth refer both to obliging the state to help people who are facing a situation of unsatisfied basic needs Stanisław Adamiak, Damian Walczak10 (do not allow the possibility of leaving the individual alone – the procurement method) and to indicating everyone the necessity of self-protection that reaches above the mini- mum guaranteed by the state (the insurance method). Social solidarism is stipulated by the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, according to which all are obliged to ‘preserve the inherent human dignity, the right to liberty and obligation of solidarity with others’ (from the Preamble), CatholiC soCial teaChing, sustainable development… 13 and the social market economy is based on economic freedom, private owner- ship, and solidarism, dialogue and cooperation between social partners forms the basis of the political system (Article 20).
    keywords: catholic; community; development; individual; method; security; solidarism; teaching; vol; walczak
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        item: #194 of 407
          id: cjfa-3259
      author: Bartniczak, Bartosz
       title: State aid as a tool encouraging production of energy from renewable sources
        date: 2014
       words: 4743
      flesch: 54
     summary: State aid as a tool encouraging production of energy from renewable sources. Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 3(1), 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2014.002 Bartosz Bartniczak* Wrocław University of Economics state aid as a tool encouraging production of energy from renewaBle sources Keywords: state aid, renewable energy.
    keywords: aid; biofuels; energy; energy sources; european; market; production; sources; state aid; support
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        item: #195 of 407
          id: cjfa-3260
      author: Bolibok, Piotr
       title: The impact of IFRS on the value relevance of accounting data of banks listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
        date: 2014
       words: 7102
      flesch: 51
     summary: In order to investigate the impact of IFRS on value relevance of accounting information published by the banks, in accordance with the approach proposed by Karğin (2013), the following regression was applied: ��� � �� � ��� ∙ �� � �� ∙ �� � �� ∙ ��� � �� ∙ ��� ∙ ��� � �� ∙ ��� ∙ ���� � �� (2) (1) where: ing only on banking industry, that exhibits a high degree of homogeneity in operations, reduces cross-sectional variation in factors that might affect estimates of models’ parame- ters (Beaver, Eger, Ryan, Wolfson 1989; Beaver, McAnally, Stinson 1997). The Chow test statistic is given by the following equation (Dougherty 2001, 245-246): ���� � � ��� = ���������������� �����������/������ (3) where: − RSSP – total sum of the squares of the residuals in the pooled regression, − RSSA, RSSB – residual sums of squares for the subsample regressions A and B, respec- tively, − n – number of observations in the pooled sample, − k – number of regression coefficients.
    keywords: accounting; banks; ifrs; value; value relevance; ∙ �; � parameter; � period; � ∙; � �
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        item: #196 of 407
          id: cjfa-3262
      author: Buszko, Michał
       title: Investments in stock of banks implementing high social responsibility standards listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
        date: 2014
       words: 7599
      flesch: 65
     summary: Returns of RESPECT Index vs. WIG and NCI Period RESPECT WIG NCI 19.11.09 – 31.12.09 4,87% 1,63% 2,26% 31.12.09 – 31.12.10 32,17% 18,77% 27,65% 31.12.10 – 31.12.11 -11,25% -20,83% -34,39% 31.12.11 – 31.12.12 29,23% 26,24% -20,09% 31.12.12 – 31.03.13 -7,41% -4,87% -1,68% 19.11.09 – 31.12.10 38,61% 20,70% 30,53% 19.11.09 – 31.12.11 23,02% -4,44% -14,36% 19.11.09 – 31.12.12 58,98% 20,63% -31,56% 19.11.09 – 31.03.13 47,20% 14,75% -32,72% Source: own elaboration based on data of WSE. Returns of RESPECT Index vs. WIG and NCI Period RESPECT WIG NCI 19.11.09 – 31.12.09 4,87% 1,63% 2,26% 31.12.09 – 31.12.10 32,17% 18,77% 27,65% 31.12.10 – 31.12.11 -11,25% -20,83% -34,39% 31.12.11 – 31.12.12 29,23% 26,24% -20,09% 31.12.12 – 31.03.13 -7,41% -4,87% -1,68% 19.11.09 – 31.12.10 38,61% 20,70% 30,53% 19.11.09 – 31.12.11 23,02% -4,44% -14,36% 19.11.09 – 31.12.12 58,98% 20,63% -31,56% 19.11.09 – 31.03.13 47,20% 14,75%
    keywords: bank; bank sa; banking; companies; data; elaboration; fig; prices; respect index; stock; wig; wse
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        item: #197 of 407
          id: cjfa-3263
      author: Dziawgo, Ewa
       title: Real options in the assessment of the company’s pro-ecological investments
        date: 2014
       words: 7903
      flesch: 42
     summary: Real options in the assessment of the company’s pro-ecological investments. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2014.005 Ewa Dziawgo* Nicolaus Copernicus University rEal options in thE assEssmEnt of thE company’s pro-Ecological invEstmEnts Keywords: real options, pro-ecological investments.
    keywords: asset; following; investment; model; option; time; time t; value
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        item: #198 of 407
          id: cjfa-3270
      author: Karmańska, Anna
       title: The imperative of sustainable growth and reporting integration. Three eras in the corporate reporting development
        date: 2014
       words: 3461
      flesch: 39
     summary: The current guidelines on social responsibility reporting and the conceptual frameworks of the so-called in- tegrated reporting may give rise to questions on the costs and benefits with regard to corporate reporting within the trend of sustainable growth. There is a conviction expressed in the text that the presently emerging fourth era in the deve- lopment of corporate reporting will significantly change the conceptual model of this kind of reporting.
    keywords: accounting; capital; development; era; growth; information; reporting; stakeholders; statement; value
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        item: #199 of 407
          id: cjfa-3272
      author: Kołosowska, Bożena; Voss, Grażyna
       title: Authorised Adviser – as a company of public trust in the NewConnect OTC (Over-The-Counter) exchange
        date: 2014
       words: 4618
      flesch: 46
     summary: The history knows many cases of falls states, Authorised Adviser – As A compAny of public trust… 87 financial crises and bankruptcy of stock companies caused by the lack of ethi- cal behaviour in their management (Sawicki 2013, 239). Such companies then gain vari- ous benefits resulting from being listed in the NewConnect market, with signif- icantly limited capital resources and lower formal requirements in relation to the companies listed at the Warsaw Stock Exchange.
    keywords: adviser; audit; capital; companies; company; ethical; exchange; kołosowska; market; newconnect; otc; stock; unit
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        item: #200 of 407
          id: cjfa-3273
      author: Kopyściański, Tomasz; Rólczyński, Tomasz
       title: Application of statistical methods in the diagnosis of environmental conditions of development of Lower Silesian voivodship in years 2006–2012
        date: 2014
       words: 4542
      flesch: 49
     summary: Gaseous pollutants per county area (tons/year) destimulant S o u r c e : own study based. It is especially evi- dent in terms of such characteristics as mixed waste collected in one year per capita (tones), electricity consumption per capita, total sewage disposal per 1000 inhabitants, particulate pollutants per county area and gaseous pollu- tants (tons/ year) per county area.
    keywords: 0,67; 0,69; 0,71; conditions; counties; county; development; method; powiat; research; terms; years
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        item: #201 of 407
          id: cjfa-3274
      author: Kurek, Robert
       title: The efficiency of public insurance supervision vs. Pareto efficiency
        date: 2014
       words: 3775
      flesch: 34
     summary: The thesis stating that Pareto efficiency can determine operations carried out by public insurance supervision authorities underlies this particular study and determines its goal. The specific recognition of efficiency underlying the operations performed by public insurance supervision authorities Public supervision is the function “aimed at compromising, in a supervisory manner, both private and public activities with the requirements of substan- tive law, following the interests of public order and public benefit” (Staryszak 1931, 93).
    keywords: authorities; efficiency; entities; institutions; insurance; market; operations; pareto; situation; supervision
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        item: #202 of 407
          id: cjfa-3275
      author: Moszyński, Michał; Więckowska, Marcelina
       title: Evolution of ecological financial market from the perspective of institutional economics
        date: 2014
       words: 4852
      flesch: 40
     summary: http:// dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2014.010 Michał Moszyński, Marcelina WięckoWska* Nicolaus Copernicus University evolution of ecological financial Market froM the perspective of institutional econoMics Keywords: ecological financial market, institutional economics, formal institutions, informal institutions. Evolution of ecological financial market from the perspec- tive of institutional economics Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 3(1), 121–133.
    keywords: companies; csr; environmental; esg; finance; institutions; investment; market; new; process; reporting; rules; sri; state
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        item: #203 of 407
          id: cjfa-3276
      author: Raulinajtys-Grzybek, Monika; Świderska, Gertruda Krystyna
       title: Object-based costing as an important tool for the economic analysis of sustainable development
        date: 2014
       words: 3159
      flesch: 47
     summary: Treat- ing resources and activities equally to final cost objects and maintaining infor- mation about relations between objects causes that it can be a valuable tool to provide data on the economic effects of actions relating to environmental and social factors.   Additionally, the use of standard values for assigning resource costs to activities causes that the model can successfully be used to calculate the planned costs of resources, activities and final objects as well as to estimate the demand for resources and activities reported by de- fined health services.
    keywords: accounting; activities; costing; costs; development; information; management; object; resources
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        item: #204 of 407
          id: cjfa-3277
      author: Szlęzak-Matusewicz, Joanna
       title: Models of tax incentives for R&D activities of enterprises in European Union countries
        date: 2014
       words: 5545
      flesch: 51
     summary: However, the general trend across countries has been to increase the avail- ability and generosity of R&D tax incentives, making the policy mix more in- direct over time (OECD 2012, 157). R&D tax incentives are widely used in OECD and non-OECD countries.
    keywords: activities; activity; countries; development; enterprises; expenditures; incentives; oecd; poland; r&d; research; tax; tax incentives
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        item: #205 of 407
          id: cjfa-3278
      author: Uryszek, Tomasz
       title: Public finance crisis and sustainable development financing – evidence from EU economies
        date: 2014
       words: 4355
      flesch: 62
     summary: Furthermore, in 19 out of 27 member states (including Portugal, Spain, Italy and Greece – i.e. highly Public Finance Frisis and sustainable develoPment Financing… 169 indebted PIGS countries) covered by the study, the rate of public expenditures connected with sustainable development financing was higher than the rate of increase in total public expenditures. The second one outlines changes in the structure of public expenditure connected with sustainable development financing.
    keywords: countries; dev; development; finance; member; public; spending; states; sus; total
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        item: #206 of 407
          id: cjfa-3279
      author: ., .
       title: For Authors
        date: 2014
       words: 1124
      flesch: 29
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publi- cation in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guideli- nes of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 29 May 2013 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #207 of 407
          id: cjfa-3280
      author: ., .
       title: Editorial pages
        date: 2014
       words: 828
      flesch: 53
     summary: Jan Turyna, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. dr hab. Bogusław Pietrzak, Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. dr hab.
    keywords: hab; poland; prof
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        item: #208 of 407
          id: cjfa-33338
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2021
       words: 1167
      flesch: 27
     summary: for autHors Peer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #209 of 407
          id: cjfa-33339
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2021
       words: 876
      flesch: 48
     summary: Wersja papierowa jest dostępna w druku na żądanie na stronie internetowej Wydawnictwa www.wydawnictwoumk.pl © 2020 Copyright by Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika Toruń 2020 list of reviewers Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Mostafa Hussein Abd-Alla Sentimental herding: the role of COVID-19 crisis in the Egyptian stock market ........... 9 Anju Bala, Kapil Gupta Examining the long memory in stock returns and liquidity in India ............................... 25 Hans Patrick Bidias-Menik, Simplice Gaël Tonmo Interest rate predictability in some selected African countries .................................... UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska scientific council Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Elena Kireeva, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: hab; poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #210 of 407
          id: cjfa-33340
      author: Abd-Alla, Mostafa Hussein
       title: SENTIMENTAL HERDING: THE ROLE OF COVID-19 CRISIS IN THE EGYPTIAN STOCK MARKET
        date: 2021
       words: 15489
      flesch: 64
     summary: ����� � (������� �����)��������� ��� (11) Returns of Individual stocks are calculated as follows: 𝑅𝑅��= (�������) ���� (2) Where (𝑃𝑃�) is the stock i closing price at time
    keywords: ℎ �; � =; � �; 𝐸𝐸 �; 𝐻𝐻 �; 𝑃𝑃 �; 𝑅𝑅 �; 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 �; 𝛽𝛽 �; 𝜐𝜐 �
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        item: #211 of 407
          id: cjfa-33341
      author: Bala, Anju; Gupta, Kapil
       title: EXAMINING THE LONG MEMORY IN STOCK RETURNS AND LIQUIDITY IN INDIA
        date: 2021
       words: 7089
      flesch: 72
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2020.010 anju bala* I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University kapil gupta** I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University exaMining tHe long MeMory in stock returns and liquidity in india Keywords: emerging market, long memory, persistence and market efficiency. Anju Bala, Kapil Gupta26  Introduction The presence of long memory supports the notion of market inefficiency in se- curities market (Onour, 2010).
    keywords: behavior; ift; journal; liquidity; market; memory; nifty; persistence; returns; stock; y n
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        item: #212 of 407
          id: cjfa-33342
      author: Bidias-Menik, Hans Patrick; Tonmo, Simplice Gaël
       title: INTEREST RATE PREDICTABILITY IN SOME SELECTED AFRICAN COUNTRIES
        date: 2021
       words: 15970
      flesch: 62
     summary: Indeed, in (3.6), the spread 1 𝑘𝑘 � (𝐸𝐸�𝑟𝑟���� (�) − 𝑟𝑟� (�)) ��� ��� = ∝ + 𝛽𝛽�𝑅𝑅� (�) − 𝑟𝑟� (�)� + 𝜀𝜀���, 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤 𝑤 𝑤 𝑤𝑤 𝑤 𝑤𝑤 (𝑤) 𝐸𝐸�𝑟𝑟��� (�) − 𝑟𝑟� (�) = 𝛼𝛼 + 𝛽𝛽�𝑓𝑓�(𝑘𝑘, 𝑘𝑘 + 𝑤𝑤) − 𝑟𝑟� (�)� + 𝜀𝜀����� (6) 𝐸𝐸�𝑅𝑅��� (���) − 𝑅𝑅� (�) = 𝛼𝛼 + 𝛽𝛽 𝑤𝑤 𝑤𝑤 − 𝑤𝑤 �𝑅𝑅� (�) − 𝑟𝑟� (�)� + 𝜀𝜀��� (7) Where 𝐸𝐸�𝑟𝑟���� (�) , 𝐸𝐸�𝑟𝑟��� (�) and 𝐸𝐸�𝑅𝑅��� (���) are the rational expected rates, 𝑓𝑓�(𝑘𝑘, 𝑘𝑘 + 𝑤𝑤) is the implicit forward rate in the current term structure, 𝑅𝑅� (�)and 𝑟𝑟� (�) are respectively the current long term (n period) and short term (m period) rate, with k=n/m, 𝜀𝜀 is a with noise. ��� ��� = ∝ + 𝛽𝛽�𝑅𝑅� (�) − 𝑟𝑟� (�)� + 𝜀𝜀���, 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤 𝑤 𝑤 𝑤𝑤 𝑤 𝑤𝑤 (𝑤) 𝐸𝐸�𝑟𝑟��� (�) − 𝑟𝑟� (�) = 𝛼𝛼 + 𝛽𝛽�𝑓𝑓�(𝑘𝑘, 𝑘𝑘 + 𝑤𝑤) − 𝑟𝑟� (�)� + 𝜀𝜀����� (6) 𝐸𝐸�𝑅𝑅��� (���) − 𝑅𝑅� (�) = 𝛼𝛼 + 𝛽𝛽 𝑤𝑤 𝑤𝑤 − 𝑤𝑤 �𝑅𝑅� (�) − 𝑟𝑟� (�)� + 𝜀𝜀��� (7) Where 𝐸𝐸�𝑟𝑟���� (�) , 𝐸𝐸�𝑟𝑟��� (�) and 𝐸𝐸�𝑅𝑅��� (���) are the rational expected rates, 𝑓𝑓�(𝑘𝑘, 𝑘𝑘 + 𝑤𝑤) is the implicit forward rate in the current term structure, 𝑅𝑅� (�)and 𝑟𝑟� (�) are respectively the current long term (n period) and short term (m period) rate, with k=n/m, 𝜀𝜀 is a with noise.
    keywords: r �; � (1; � ≠; � �; 𝐸𝐸 �; 𝑅𝑅 �; 𝑓𝑓 �; 𝑟𝑟 �; 𝑤𝑤 �; 𝛽𝛽 �; 𝜀𝜀 �
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        item: #213 of 407
          id: cjfa-33343
      author: Desai, Rajesh; Desai, Jay
       title: MODERATING EFFECT OF FIRM SIZE ON CAPITAL STRUCTURE DETERMINANTS: EVIDENCE FROM INDIAN FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY
        date: 2021
       words: 7567
      flesch: 57
     summary: Profitability PRFT is found to be a weak predictor of long-term borrowings but it has signif- icant negative impact on short term debt for the whole sample data. It is, further, found that small size firms employ more debt with increasing profitability whereas medium and large size firms tend to reduce their debt levels with increasing profitability.
    keywords: capital; debt; determinants; et al; firms; size; structure; study; tax; term; total; variables
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        item: #214 of 407
          id: cjfa-33344
      author: Kabir, Md. Humayun; Huda, S. S. M. Sadrul; Faruq, Omar
       title: MOBILE FINANCIAL SERVICES IN THE CONTEXT OF BANGLADESH
        date: 2021
       words: 6015
      flesch: 56
     summary: It is found from the aforementioned analysis that Bangladesh Bank has provided the approval to 28 banks for running mobile banking services as on December 2014; out of 28 banks, 19 banks have already launched mobile financial services in December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2020.013 Md. HuMayun kabir* East West University s. s. M. sadrul Huda** North South University oMar faruq*** East West University Mobile financial services in tHe context of bangladesH Keywords: Financial services innovation, mobile financial services, mobile banking, internet banking, financial inclusion, financial technology.
    keywords: bangladesh; banking; banks; cash; december; financial; mfs; mobile; money; payment; services
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        item: #215 of 407
          id: cjfa-33345
      author: Neffati, Amira; Khiari, Wided; Lajmi, Azhaar
       title: CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND POST-MERGER PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM US BANKS
        date: 2021
       words: 4911
      flesch: 53
     summary: Amira Neffati, Wided Khiari, Azhaar Lajmi100 The main purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of various governance va- riables, like managerial ownership, the percentage of shares held by outside directors, the board size, the audit committee size and the percentage of stock options granted to managers, on post merger banks performance and to investigate how the firm size can influence bank performance following mergers operations. http://dx.doi. org/10.12775/CJFA.2020.014 aMira neffati* GEF-2A Laboratory, University of Tunis Wided kHiari** GEF-2A Laboratory, University of Tunis azHaar lajMi*** GEF-2A Laboratory, University of Tunis corporate governance and post-Merger perforMance: evidence froM us banks Keywords: bank mergers, governance, bank performance, deficit ratio.
    keywords: bank; deficit; firm; mergers; ownership; performance; results; size; study; value
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        item: #216 of 407
          id: cjfa-33346
      author: Oshora, Betgilu; Fekete-Farkas, Maria; Zeman, Zoltan
       title: ROLE OF MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS IN FINANCING MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES IN ETHIOPIA
        date: 2021
       words: 6307
      flesch: 57
     summary: Moreover, the paper aims to address: ■ The status of MSEs finance gap and the role of MFIs in filling the existing gap; ■ The challenges of MSEs in accessing micro credit from MFIs; ■ The contribution of MSEs to the country’s inclusive economic growth particularly in unemployment reduction. Limited access to finance is a key barrier to economic growth, limiting start-up capital and busi- ness expansion.
    keywords: access; bank; credit; development; economic; ethiopia; growth; job; microfinance; mses; poor; role; � �
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        item: #217 of 407
          id: cjfa-33347
      author: Purkayastha, Nadia Nahar; Tuzlukaya, Şule Erdem
       title: DETERMINATION OF THE BENEFITS AND RISKS OF PEER-TO-PEER (P2P) LENDING: A SOCIAL NETWORK TEORY APPROACH
        date: 2021
       words: 4892
      flesch: 53
     summary: P2P lending platforms always focus on democratizing the borrowers rather than discriminating them on their so- cial or financial status (Herzenstein, Andrews, Dholakia & Lyandres, 2008). Scholars identified social networks are the key to formulate mutual trust, reciprocity, and to override any negative financial consideration for the lenders to participate in P2P lending platforms (Saeidi, 2020; Gonzalez, 2019).
    keywords: borrowers; information; lenders; lending; networks; online; p2p; p2p lending; peer; peer lending; platforms; risk; social
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        item: #218 of 407
          id: cjfa-33350
      author: Sanyaolu, Wasiu Abiodun; Adejumo, Babatunde Titus; Kadiri, Idris
       title: BOARD DILIGENCE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIAN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS
        date: 2021
       words: 5203
      flesch: 54
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2020.017 Wasiu abiodun sanyaolu* Crescent University, University of Benin babatunde titus adejuMo** Osun Debt Management Office in Osogbo idris kadiri*** University of Benin board diligence and financial perforMance: evidence froM nigerian deposit Money banks Keywords: board meetings, profitability, GMM. It is therefore recommended that preference sho- uld be given to the quality of board meetings and not the frequency of such meetings; and that issues that have implications on performance should be given utmost attention at board meetings. 
    keywords: board; board meetings; diligence; effect; journal; loan; meetings; nigerian; performance; profitability; ratio; study
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        item: #219 of 407
          id: cjfa-33360
      author: Singh, Simarjeet; Walia, Nidhi
       title: TIME-SERIES AND CROSS-SECTIONAL MOMENTUM IN INDIAN STOCK MARKET
        date: 2021
       words: 5811
      flesch: 61
     summary: To make time-series momentum returns directly comparable with cross-sectional momentum returns, we in- vest in 20% of total stocks. Cross-alphas of various cross-sectional and time-series momentum returns Independent Variable    Cross-Sectional Dependent VariableCross-Sectional    Time-Series Time-Series Cross-Sectional    Holding Period 1 0.476% (2.037) 0.083% (0.347) 3 0.346% (1.360) 0.138% (0.452) 6 0.368% (1.362) 0.000% (-0.003) 9 0.458% (1.978) 0.039% (0.174) 12 0.729% (2.545) -0.284% (-0.934) This table presents alphas of cross-sectional momentum returns regressed with time-series momen- tum returns and alphas of time-series momentum returns regressed with cross-sectional momentum returns.
    keywords: cross; market; momentum; momentum strategies; returns; series; series momentum; strategies; time
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        item: #220 of 407
          id: cjfa-34384
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2021
       words: 1167
      flesch: 28
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #221 of 407
          id: cjfa-34385
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2021
       words: 804
      flesch: 48
     summary: Wersja papierowa jest dostępna w druku na żądanie na stronie internetowej Wydawnictwa www.wydawnictwoumk.pl © 2020 Copyright by Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika Toruń 2020 list of reviewers Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Ibrahim Majeed Ajibola, Daud Omotosho Saheed, Lukman Adedoyin Impact of Microfinance Institutions on Financial Literacy in North Central Geo-Political Zone Nigeria ...................................................................... 9 Diana Kangwa, Joseph Thokozani Mwale, Junaid M. Shaikh Co-evolutionary Dynamics of Financial Inclusion of Generation Z in a Sub-Saharan Digital Financial Ecosystem ................................................................ UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska scientific council Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Elena Kireeva, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: hab; poland; poland prof; prof; university
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        item: #222 of 407
          id: cjfa-34390
      author: Ajibola, Ibrahim Majeed; Saheed, Daud Omotosho; Adedoyin, Lukman
       title: IMPACT OF MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS ON FINANCIAL LITERACY IN NORTH CENTRAL GEO-POLITICAL ZONE NIGERIA
        date: 2021
       words: 4731
      flesch: 43
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2020.019 IbrahIm majeed ajIbola* Kwara State University daud omotosho saheed** Kwara State University lukman adedoyIn*** Federal Polytechnic Offa Impact of mIcrofInance InstItutIons on fInancIal lIteracy In north central geo-polItIcal zone nIgerIa Keywords: financial literacy, saving mobilization, e-banking, financial decisions. This work examines the Ibrahim Majeed Ajibola, Daud Omotosho Saheed, Lukman Adedoyin10 impact of Microfinance Institutions on financial Literacy in North Central Geo-Political Zone Nigeria.
    keywords: banking; dwellers; institutions; literacy; microfinance; microfinance institutions; nigeria; north; study; zone
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        item: #223 of 407
          id: cjfa-34391
      author: Kangwa, Diana; Mwale, Joseph Thokozani; Shaikh, Junaid M.
       title: CO-EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION OF GENERATION Z IN A SUB-SAHARAN DIGITAL FINANCIAL ECOSYSTEM
        date: 2021
       words: 9456
      flesch: 35
     summary: Co-evolutionary dynamics of digital financial inclusion of Generation Z Co-evolutionary Dynamics of Financial Inclusion of Generation Z In pursuit of the second objective of the research, causal loop analysis was used to visually quantify the co-evolutionary dynamics of financial inclusion of Generation Z within a digital financial ecosystem. The paper has demon- strated that digital financial inclusion occurs within a continuum of co-evolu- tionary dynamics in which the financial institutions build consumer demand for digital financial services based on the participatory accountability and fi- nancial capability of the clientele.
    keywords: business; demand; digital; dynamics; ecosystem; financial; generation; inclusion; model; research; services; study; variables
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        item: #224 of 407
          id: cjfa-34392
      author: Khatun, Nasima; Tamanna, Marzia
       title: FACTORS AFFECTING THE ADOPTION OF FINTECH: A STUDY BASED ON THE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN BANGLADESH
        date: 2021
       words: 6650
      flesch: 51
     summary: Chakraborti (2019) revealed that the use of Fintech technology emergently increasing day by day as the country’s mobile subscription density is very high. We picked social influence as one of the vital factors to analyze whether Fintech adoption of the related organizations influences behavior intention to Fintech users.
    keywords: adoption; age; factors; fintech; influence; intention; model; moderating; spss; technology; use; users
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        item: #225 of 407
          id: cjfa-34393
      author: Panda, Ruchira; Bag, Dinabandhu
       title: A SIMPLE LINEAR TEST OF THE INTEGRATION IN CORPORATE BOND MARKETS
        date: 2021
       words: 3019
      flesch: 60
     summary: The reasons for the lower deviation in bond yields could be attributed to the integration of bond markets with money markets, external credit markets, forex markets or A simPle lineAr test of the integrAtion in corPorAte bond mArkets 79 commodity markets, respectively. Abstract: The purpose of this article is to identify the key elements of market determi- nants of bond yield and the external borrowing environment.
    keywords: bond; coupon; credit; finance; integration; journal; markets; rate; yield
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        item: #226 of 407
          id: cjfa-34397
      author: Veeravel, V.; Mohanasundaram, S.
       title: MARKET TIMING ABILITIES OF LARGE-CAP EQUITY MUTUAL FUND MANAGERS: EVIDENCE FROM INDIA
        date: 2021
       words: 6630
      flesch: 60
     summary: 𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅� =  𝛼𝛼 𝛼  𝛼𝛼� �𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝐺𝐺𝑃𝑃��� 𝛼  𝛾𝛾�𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��� 𝛼 𝜀𝜀�   𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅� =  𝛼𝛼 𝛼  𝛼𝛼� �𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅�� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝐺𝐺𝑃𝑃��� 𝛼  𝛾𝛾 𝐷𝐷�𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅�� 𝛼 𝜀𝜀�       The conditional TM model and the conditional HM model are represented by (5) and (6) respectively, where, 𝑅𝑅� , 𝑅𝑅�, 𝑅𝑅�, 𝛼𝛼, 𝛼𝛼, and 𝜀𝜀� are citrus paribus as (3), 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇��� refers yield on 91- day treasury bill rates; 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷��� is the dividend yield on CNX 500 market index; 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇��� denotes term structure rates; 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃��� indicates price-to-earnings ratio; and 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��� refers yield on foreign exchange rates. 𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝐺𝐺𝑃𝑃��� 𝛼  𝛾𝛾�𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��� 𝛼 𝜀𝜀�   𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅� =  𝛼𝛼 𝛼  𝛼𝛼� �𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅�� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��� 𝛼 𝛼𝛼��𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅��𝐺𝐺𝑃𝑃��� 𝛼  𝛾𝛾 𝐷𝐷�𝑅𝑅� − 𝑅𝑅�� 𝛼 𝜀𝜀�       The conditional TM model and the conditional HM model are represented by (5) and (6) respectively, where, 𝑅𝑅� , 𝑅𝑅�, 𝑅𝑅�, 𝛼𝛼, 𝛼𝛼, and 𝜀𝜀� are citrus paribus as (3), 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇��� refers yield on 91- day treasury bill rates; 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷��� is the dividend yield on CNX 500 market index; 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇��� denotes term structure rates; 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃��� indicates price-to-earnings ratio; and 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��� refers yield on foreign exchange rates.
    keywords: � −; � �; � 𝛼; 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 �; 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 �; 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 �; 𝑃𝑃 �; 𝑅𝑅 �; 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 �; 𝑡 𝑅𝑅
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        item: #227 of 407
          id: cjfa-34404
      author: Vijayakumar, A.N.
       title: RELATIVITY OF INDIAN STOCK MARKET WITH EXCHANGE RATE, GOLD AND CRUDE OIL
        date: 2021
       words: 9308
      flesch: 59
     summary: The unit root in 𝑦𝑦� where ∆𝑦𝑦���is the lagged difference to accommodate serial correlation in the errors, 𝜀𝜀�. The unit root in 𝑦𝑦� where ∆𝑦𝑦���is the lagged difference to accommodate serial correlation in the errors, 𝜀𝜀�.
    keywords: � )=; � −; � �; 𝐼𝐼 �; 𝑊𝑊 �; 𝑋𝑋 �; 𝑦𝑦 �; 𝛔𝛔 �; 𝛼𝛼 �; 𝛽𝛽𝑦𝑦 �; 𝜃𝜃 �; 𝜖𝜖 �
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        item: #228 of 407
          id: cjfa-35343
      author: Düzakın, Hatice; Yılmaz, Süreyya
       title: THE DETERMINANTS OF THE LEVEL OF FINANCIAL LITERACY IN TURKEY
        date: 2021
       words: 6495
      flesch: 53
     summary: The results emphasized that there is a relationship between financial literacy level and Hatice Düzakın, Süreyya Yılmaz10 gender, age and education. Furtuna 2007 University / survey Financial literacy level of the unemployed and women are low.
    keywords: education; effect; family; income; individuals; knowledge; level; literacy; literacy level; study; turkey; university
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        item: #229 of 407
          id: cjfa-35347
      author: Patel, C.S. Divyesh; Patel, Dr. Naresh K.
       title: INDIA GAS EXCHANGE TODAY’S REALITY AND PATH AHEAD
        date: 2021
       words: 7673
      flesch: 55
     summary: IGX would lead India towards Gas Based Economy by designing and providing robust solution for natural gas trading and access. Conclusion IGX would lead India towards Gas Based Economy by designing and provid- ing robust solution for natural gas trading and access.
    keywords: bid; energy; exchange; figure; gas; igx; india; market; natural; oil; petroleum; price; research; trading
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        item: #230 of 407
          id: cjfa-35356
      author: Saheed, Daud Omotosho; Ajibola, Ibrahim Majeed; Adedoyin, Lukman
       title: EFFICACY OF AUDIT FEE ON AUDIT QAULITY OF SELECTED PHARMACEUTICAL FIRMS IN NIGERIA
        date: 2021
       words: 5447
      flesch: 50
     summary: Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 10(1), 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2021.003 DauD omotosHo saHeeD* Kwara State University ibraHim majeeD ajibola** Kwara State University lukman aDeDoyin*** Federal Polytechnic Offa efficacy of auDit fee on auDit quality of selecteD PHarmaceutical firms in nigeria Keywords: audit fee, audit quality, audit report lag, mandatory auditor rotation. The result from the finding shows that all the adopted surrogates for the independent va- riable were jointly significant in explaining about 72% variation in audit quality given credence to the coefficient of (R2) which stood at 0.72 as well as the combined p-value of 0.000.
    keywords: audit; audit fee; audit quality; auditor; fee; firms; pharmaceutical; quality; report; study; variables
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        item: #231 of 407
          id: cjfa-35359
      author: Soni, Krunal; Desai, Maulik
       title: STOCK PRICES: EFFECT OF BEHAVIORAL BIASES ON INVESTOR’S MINDSET IN GUJARAT STATE, INDIA
        date: 2021
       words: 4025
      flesch: 48
     summary: Introduction Normally the trend of stock market can be identified with the help of investor’s decision under the different circumstances. Abstract: Stock market performances has been observed through a good deal of litera- ture out of which it has been found out that the behavior of investors is affected through many parameters exist in the market like occurrence of any sudden event or influence of Individual advice apart from the past behavior of the stock which is called rational information regarding stock performances as per the traditional finance theory.
    keywords: company; construct; effect; investors; ipo; market; stock; study
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        item: #232 of 407
          id: cjfa-35360
      author: ., .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2021
       words: 1167
      flesch: 28
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #233 of 407
          id: cjfa-35362
      author: ., .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2021
       words: 780
      flesch: 48
     summary: Wersja papierowa jest dostępna w druku na żądanie na stronie internetowej Wydawnictwa www.wydawnictwoumk.pl © 2021 Copyright by Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika Toruń 2021 list of reviewers Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Hatice Düzakın, Süreyya Yılmaz The Determinants of The Level of Financial Literacy in Turkey ........................................ 9 C.S. Divyesh Patel, Naresh K. Patel India Gas Exchange UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska scientific council Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Elena Kireeva, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: hab; poland; prof; spain; university
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        item: #234 of 407
          id: cjfa-35387
      author: .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2021
       words: 789
      flesch: 46
     summary: Wersja papierowa jest dostępna w druku na żądanie na stronie internetowej Wydawnictwa www.wydawnictwoumk.pl © 2021 Copyright by Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika Toruń 2021 list of reviewers Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Navleen Kaur Determinants of Dividend Payout Decisions of Original Equipment Manufacturers from Indian Automobile Industry ........................................................................................ 9 Zhaochu Li, Iryna P. Lytvynenko, UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska scientific council Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Elena Kireeva, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: hab; poland; prof; spain; university
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        item: #235 of 407
          id: cjfa-35410
      author: .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2021
       words: 1167
      flesch: 28
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #236 of 407
          id: cjfa-35411
      author: Kaur, Navleen
       title: DETERMINANTS OF DIVIDEND PAYOUT DECISIONS OF ORGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS FROM INDIAN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY
        date: 2021
       words: 5525
      flesch: 50
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2021.005 navleen Kaur* Shri Atmanand Jain (P.G.) College, Ambala City determinants of dividend payout decisions of original equipment manufacturers from indian automobile industry Keywords: dividend, panel data, automobile, original equipment manufacturers, Bom- bay Stock Exchange. Abstract: The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the variables that signi- ficantly affect dividend payout decisions of Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) from Indian automobile industry listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE).
    keywords: automobile; companies; company; decisions; dividend; dividend payout; payout; ratio; relationship; study; variables
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        item: #237 of 407
          id: cjfa-35415
      author: Li, Zhaochu; Lytvynenko, Iryna P.; Philippoff, Karl S.
       title: REEXAMING THE ECONOMIC RECOVERY TAX ACT OF 1981: EVIDENCE FROM INNOVATIVE EFFICIENCY
        date: 2021
       words: 8332
      flesch: 59
     summary: PAT_RD��������� = a firm’s innovative efficiency in year t PATt = a firm's total number of patents applied in year t and eventually granted RDm = R&D spending in year m Equation (1) shows the first measure of innovative efficiency. PAT_RD��������� = a firm’s innovative efficiency in year t PATt = a firm's total number of patents applied in year t and eventually granted RDm = R&D spending in year m Equation (1) shows the first measure of innovative efficiency.
    keywords: efficiency; pat_rd �; r&d; tax; year; ∑ �; � =; � m; � t; � �; 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 �
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        item: #238 of 407
          id: cjfa-35439
      author: Prasetya Margono, Ferdy; Gantino, Rilla
       title: THE INFLUENCE OF FIRM SIZE, LEVERAGE, PROFITABILITY, AND DIVIDEND POLICY ON FIRM VALUE OF COMPANIES IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
        date: 2021
       words: 5904
      flesch: 59
     summary: According to Hirdinis (2019), company size has a negativeaand significant impact to company value. Based on the definition over, it can be resumed that the first hypothesis is: H1: There is an impact of company size, leverage, profitability, and dividend policy simultaneously on company value.
    keywords: company; company value; dividend; firm; impact; leverage; policy; profitability; research; size; value
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        item: #239 of 407
          id: cjfa-35455
      author: Tiruneh, Dawit Tadesse
       title: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF THE SUITABILITY OF IFRS FOR BANKING SECTOR IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES
        date: 2021
       words: 5490
      flesch: 50
     summary: In such manner an aggregate of 30 surveys were conveyed to banks financial supervisors, scholastics and external auditors who have rich informa- tion and involvement with IFRS execution in financial sector in Ethiopia. To this end, the examination caught those scholastics, external audi- tors and banks’ financial directors who have rich information and involvement with IFRS execution in financial sector in Ethiopia.
    keywords: accounting; banking; banks; ethiopia; ifrs; information; reporting; respondents; sector; table
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        item: #240 of 407
          id: cjfa-35461
      author: .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2021
       words: 1167
      flesch: 27
     summary: for authors Peer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #241 of 407
          id: cjfa-35462
      author: .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2021
       words: 766
      flesch: 49
     summary: Wersja papierowa jest dostępna w druku na żądanie na stronie internetowej Wydawnictwa www.wydawnictwoumk.pl © 2021 Copyright by Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika Toruń 2021 list of reviewers Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Mustafa Akan, Natalia Konovalova Optimal Incentives for Economic Growth in Central European Countries: A Micro Approach ............................................................................................................... 9 Erika Pancenko, Tatyana Ivanova Opportunities for Increasing the Export of Latvia to EU Countries ................................ UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska scientific council Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Elena Kireeva, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: hab; poland; prof; spain; university
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        item: #242 of 407
          id: cjfa-35471
      author: Akan, Mustafa; Konovalova, Natalia
       title: OPTIMAL INCENTIVES FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH IN CENTRAL EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: A MICRO APPROACH
        date: 2021
       words: 23486
      flesch: 68
     summary: = 0 optimal) developed by Pontryagin, Boltyanskii, Gamkrelidze and Mishechenko (1962), Hestenes (1966), Kamien and Schwartz (2012) among many others, we have; 𝜇𝜇�(𝑡𝑡) ≤ 0 for 𝑡𝑡� ≤ 𝑡𝑡 ≤ 𝑡𝑡� implies: 𝑐𝑐���𝑟𝑟(𝑡𝑡)�𝑟𝑟�(𝑡𝑡) ≤ ℎ 𝐴 𝑓𝑓(𝑡𝑡)𝑐𝑐��𝑟𝑟(𝑡𝑡)� (4) (4) where Then using 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑢 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢, equation (1), and the conditions (the necessary condition to keep 𝐼𝐼𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑢 𝐼 optimal) developed by Pontryagin, Boltyanskii, Gamkrelidze and Mishechenko (1962), Hestenes (1966), Kamien and Schwartz (2012) among many others, we have; 𝜇𝜇�𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 ≤ 𝐼 for 𝑢𝑢� ≤ 𝑢𝑢 ≤ 𝑢𝑢� implies: 𝑐𝑐���𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢�𝑢𝑢�𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 ≤ ℎ + 𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑐𝑐��𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢� (4) where 𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑢 𝑖𝑖�𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 denotes the interest rate. So, the condition above will synthesize the periods where Then using 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑢 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢, equation (1), and the conditions (the necessary condition to keep 𝐼𝐼𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑢 𝐼 optimal) developed by Pontryagin, Boltyanskii, Gamkrelidze and Mishechenko (1962), Hestenes (1966), Kamien and Schwartz (2012) among many others, we have; 𝜇𝜇�𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 ≤ 𝐼 for 𝑢𝑢� ≤ 𝑢𝑢 ≤ 𝑢𝑢� implies: 𝑐𝑐���𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢�𝑢𝑢�𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 ≤ ℎ + 𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑐𝑐��𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢� (4) where 𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑢 𝑖𝑖�𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 denotes the interest rate.
    keywords: � �; � 𝐴; � 𝑟𝑟(𝑡𝑡; � 𝑢𝑢(𝑡𝑡; � 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢; 𝐴 ℎ𝐼𝐼(𝑡𝑡; 𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝑖𝑖𝐴𝐴(𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝑡𝑡; 𝐴 𝜇𝜇(𝑡𝑡); 𝐴 𝜌𝜌(𝑡𝑡; 𝐴𝐴 𝐴; 𝐻𝐻 �; 𝐼𝐼 �; 𝑐𝑐 �; 𝑢𝑢 �
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        item: #243 of 407
          id: cjfa-35472
      author: Pancenko, Erika; Ivanova, Tatyana
       title: OPPORTUNITIES FOR INCREASING THE EXPORT OF LATVIA TO UE COUNTRIES
        date: 2021
       words: 6612
      flesch: 48
     summary: The ratio of goods of the 3rd group in the overall volume of goods exports to the relevant countries was: Czechia – 18.93%; Denmark – 15.78%; Germany – 13.56%; Finland – 12.65%; Estonia – 11.96%; Sweden – 11.49%; Lithuania – 10.65%. The analysis of goods performed for this study is only an overview of key as- pects of demand for Latvian goods in EU countries, having analysed indices of growth in goods exports to EU countries with consolidated grouping of goods by 4-digit codes.
    keywords: analysis; countries; country; export; export potential; goods; groups; index; latvia; potential; study; trade
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        item: #244 of 407
          id: cjfa-35473
      author: Tiruneh, Dawit Tadesse
       title: THE PERSPECTIVE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON THE INTERACTIONS OF INTERNAL AUDIT WITH MANAGMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON THE INTERNAL - EXTERNAL AUDIT LINKAGES
        date: 2021
       words: 6253
      flesch: 45
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2021.011 Dawit taDesse tiruneh* GAMBY Medical and Business College the perspective of corporate governance on the interactions of internal auDit with ManageMent anD its iMpact on the internal – external auDit linkages Keywords: management, external audit, internal audit, corporate governance, inter- nal-external audit linkages, Ethiopia. Factor… the PersPective of corPorAte governAnce… 65 Factor Variables Cronbach’s Alpha KMO Factor Lodgings Management’s support Senior management supports internal audit’s personnel(Employing skillful internal audit staff, developing career paths for internal audit staff, and providing organizational independence for internal audit works) 0.929 0.896 0.932 Senior management’s is aware of internal audit’s needs 0.795 Top management’s support positively moderates organizational independence towards the effec- tiveness of internal audits, audit professionalism towards internal audit activities and moderates the effect of the auditee’s perception towards. 0.808 External auditor’s reliance on internal audit is governed by the acceptance of internal audit recommendations by the management.
    keywords: audit; audit linkages; auditors; effectiveness; governance; interactions; level; linkages; management; table; work
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        item: #245 of 407
          id: cjfa-37571
      author: .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2022
       words: 898
      flesch: 44
     summary: Wersja papierowa jest dostępna w druku na żądanie na stronie internetowej Wydawnictwa www.wydawnictwoumk.pl © 2021 Copyright by Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika Toruń 2021 list of reviewers Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Md Ali Ashraf The Impact of Mobile Financial Services on the Usage Dimension of Financial Inclusion: an Empirical Study from Bangladesh ................................................................ 9 Simona Činčalová, Veronika Toporová Model of Psychological Micro Foundations of CSR in Czech Brewery ........................ UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska scientific council Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Elena Kireeva, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla – La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: hab; poland; poland prof; prof; spain; university
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        item: #246 of 407
          id: cjfa-37572
      author: .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2022
       words: 1167
      flesch: 27
     summary: for authors Peer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #247 of 407
          id: cjfa-37574
      author: Md Ali Ashraf
       title: THE IMPACT OF MOBILE FINANCIAL SERVICES ON THE USAGE DIMENSION OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY FROM BANGLADESH
        date: 2022
       words: 5592
      flesch: 58
     summary: This is where mobile financial services come into considera- tion. Hence, one of the objectives of this pa- per is to investigate whether a particular dimension of MFS, namely the num- ber of agents that provide mobile financial services, can affect the number of users of such services – as indicated by the number of registered MFS users in Bangladesh.
    keywords: agents; bangladesh; bank; inclusion; mfs; mobile; number; services; time; users
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        item: #248 of 407
          id: cjfa-37575
      author: Simona Činčalová; Veronika Toporová
       title: MODEL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL MICRO FOUNDATIONS OF CSR IN CZECH BREWERY
        date: 2022
       words: 6968
      flesch: 49
     summary: Hejjas et al. (2019) present another two reasons for the individual level of analysis of employee CSR engagement. The limited number of individual-level studies already identified the key predictors and mediators of employee CSR engagement, as described in the previous chapter.
    keywords: codes; company; csr; determinants; employee; employee csr; engagement; figure; respondents; study
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        item: #249 of 407
          id: cjfa-37576
      author: Renu Isidore; C. Joe Arun
       title: RISK PROFILING OF SECONDARY EQUITY INVESTORS FROM THE CHENNAI CITY OF INDIA BASED ON THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY MODEL
        date: 2022
       words: 6639
      flesch: 56
     summary: With respect to conscientiousness, the respondents with low risk have the highest mean and those with high risk have the lowest mean (table 2). With respect to conscientiousness, the respondents with low risk have the highest mean and those with high risk have the lowest mean (table 4).
    keywords: agreeableness; conscientiousness; equity; experience; income; investment; investors; journal; low; personality; risk; table
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        item: #250 of 407
          id: cjfa-37577
      author: Patrycja Konieczna
       title: LOCAL CURRENCIES SUPPORTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN EUROPE
        date: 2022
       words: 3929
      flesch: 51
     summary: The essence of local currencies Local currencies are not transferred outside the region in which they oper- ate, they feed the local market alone acting as a catalyst for the local entre- preneurship through supporting local enterprises and integrating the com- munity in a given area (Maroszek, 2015). http:// dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2021.015 patrycJa konieczna* Wroclaw University of Economics and Business local currencies supporting the iMpleMentation of the concept of sustainable developMent in europe Keywords: financial market, money, local currencies, sustainable development.
    keywords: concept; currencies; currency; development; energy; implementation; money; social; support; system; wir
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        item: #251 of 407
          id: cjfa-37578
      author: Adish Kumar; Kapil Gupta
       title: EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF STRUCTURAL BREAKS ON PRICE DISCOVERY EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM THE INDIAN EQUITY FUTURES MARKET
        date: 2022
       words: 7731
      flesch: 71
     summary: During full Adish Kumar, Kapil Gupta80 sample period, it is observed that there is a significant bi-directional causality betwe- en cash and futures markets and cash market leads futures market in price discovery. On the contrary, Karmakar and Inani (2019) posit that cash market is domi- nant in price discovery because there are some indirect costs associated with futures market due to which informed trading occurs in cash market.
    keywords: futures; market; n d; n f; period; price; stock
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        item: #252 of 407
          id: cjfa-37579
      author: Kamaldeen Ibraheem Nageri
       title: RISK-RETURN RELATIONSHIP IN THE NIGERIAN STOCK MARKET DURING PANDEMIC COVID-19: SECTORAL PANEL GARCH APPROACH
        date: 2022
       words: 18960
      flesch: 54
     summary: The return series was generated by the following for 123 observations for each sector: 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴�� = (����� ������) ������ (2) Where 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴�� is All Share Index return at a particular day, 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴� is the All-share Index of a particular day, 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴��� is the previous day All-Share Index. 𝜎𝜎��� = 𝜔𝜔 + 𝐶𝐶��𝑖𝑖����� + 𝛾𝛾��𝑖𝑖����� 𝑑𝑑���� + 𝛽𝛽��𝜎𝜎����� Cross-section return variance equation (12) Where 𝑑𝑑���� = 1 if 𝑖𝑖����� < 0 and 𝑑𝑑���� = 0 if 𝑖𝑖����� > 0.
    keywords: below:𝐶𝜎𝜎 �; � cross; � �; � 𝐶; 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 �; 𝐶𝐶 �; 𝐶𝐶 𝐶; 𝐶𝐶𝛼𝛼 �; 𝐶𝛽𝛽𝜎𝜎 �; 𝑑𝑑 �; 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝜎𝜎 �; 𝑖𝑖 �; 𝛼𝛼𝛼𝛼 �; 𝛾𝛾 �; 𝜀𝜀 �; 𝜎𝜎 �; 𝜔𝜔 �
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        item: #253 of 407
          id: cjfa-37580
      author: Avani Raval; Swati Saxena; Shashank Thanki
       title: HOW CARBON PROJECTS CAN ADD TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF INDIA’, AN ASSOCIATIVE STUDY OF CDM PROJECTS
        date: 2022
       words: 7009
      flesch: 55
     summary: Avani Raval, Swati Saxena, Shashank Thanki132 Carbon risk differs with ownership of firm and methodology of project Carbon risk The firm’s ownership and methodology adopted for the project creates no dif- ference in carbon risk. The findings of the research will assist managers in decision-making about carbon emission project risks. 
    keywords: carbon; carbon risk; cdm; change; climate; countries; development; emissions; energy; firms; india; market; projects; risk; study; table; technology
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        item: #254 of 407
          id: cjfa-37581
      author: Rihab Ben Slimen; Fethi Belhaj; Manel Hadriche
       title: BANKING SHORT- AND LONG-TERM STABILITY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN ISLAMIC AND CONVENTIONAL BANKS IN GCC COUNTRIES
        date: 2022
       words: 7114
      flesch: 52
     summary: In the continuity of the previous works highlighting that islamic banks are more stable than conventional ones, this study aims to present the evidence that Islamic banks contribute positively to the financial stability of the banking sector in the short and long terms. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2021.019 rihab ben sliMen* Manar University, Tunisia fethi belhaJ** Manouba University, Tunisia Manel hadriche*** Manar University, Tunisia banking short- and long-terM stability: a coMparative study between islaMic and conventional banks in gcc countries Keywords: Islamic finance, Islamic banks, conventional banks, financial stability, Z -score, LADR ratio.
    keywords: banking; banks; islamic; model; ratio; results; score; stability; term
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        item: #255 of 407
          id: cjfa-37582
      author: Dominik Tschinkl; Nathalie Weikert; Dirk Kiesewetter
       title: THE IMPACT OF TAXES ON INDIVIDUAL LONG-TERM SAVINGS DECISION
        date: 2022
       words: 12753
      flesch: 58
     summary: Characteristics of treatments and payout structure Treat- ment type of taxation payment structure immediate payout saving NT No Tax 𝑍𝑍�� 𝑆𝑆�� = 𝑍𝑍�� ∙ (1 + 𝑖𝑖𝑖 DT Taxation of immediate payout at tax rate 𝑠𝑠 𝑍𝑍�� = 𝑍𝑍�� 1 − 𝑠𝑠 𝑆𝑆�� = 𝑍𝑍�� ∙ (1 + 𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ (1 − 𝑠𝑠𝑖 = 𝑍𝑍�� 1 − 𝑠𝑠 ∙ (1 + 𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ (1 − 𝑠𝑠𝑖 = 𝑆𝑆�� Pa yo ut a fte r t ax at io n is eq ui va le nt to th e pa yo ut in tr ea tm en t N T Investment and return on investment are tax free Taxation of late payout at tax rate 𝑠𝑠 BT Taxation of immediate payout at tax rate 𝑠𝑠 𝑍𝑍�� = 𝑍𝑍�� 1 − 𝑠𝑠 𝑆𝑆�� = 𝑍𝑍�� ∙ (1 − 𝑠𝑠𝑖 ∙ (1 + 𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 𝑍𝑍�� 1 − 𝑠𝑠 ∙ (1 − 𝑠𝑠𝑖 ∙ (1 + 𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 𝑆𝑆��
    keywords: income tax; payout; savings; tax rate; tax 𝑍𝑍; taxation; treatments; � ∙; � �; 𝑆𝑆 �; 𝑍𝑍 �
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        item: #256 of 407
          id: cjfa-38786
      author: .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2022
       words: 1167
      flesch: 28
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #257 of 407
          id: cjfa-38787
      author: .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2022
       words: 808
      flesch: 46
     summary: Wersja papierowa jest dostępna w druku na żądanie na stronie internetowej Wydawnictwa www.wydawnictwoumk.pl © 2022 Copyright by Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika Toruń 2022 list of reviewers Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra -Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Hope Osayantin Aifuwa, Muhammed Kamaldeen Usman, Muhammed Lawal Subair, Gideon Temidayo Philip, Kerimu Hussien Board Ethnicity and Sustainability Reporting ..................................................................... 9 Hela Frikha Chaari, Amel Belanès, Azhaar Lajmi Fraud Risk and Audit Quality: The Case of US Public Firms ............................................ UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska scientific council Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Elena Kireeva, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; spain; university
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        item: #258 of 407
          id: cjfa-38788
      author: Osayantin Aifuwa, Hope; Kamaldeen Usman, Muhammed; Lawal Subair, Muhammed; Temidayo Philip, Gideon; Hussien, Kerimu
       title: BOARD ETHNICITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING
        date: 2022
       words: 5898
      flesch: 51
     summary: The average number of board members was about 14 di- rectors, while the average size of the banks studied stood at N9.286695 with a minimum and maximum value of N8,882,551 and N9,675,762, respectively. boArd ethnicity And sustAinAbility rePorting 19 Table 3. Previous literature has investigat- ed the impact of board members ethnicity on financial performance of firms (see, Ilaboya & Ashafoke, 2017; Ilogho, 2017; Omoye & Eriki, 2013).
    keywords: banks; board; directors; ethnicity; members; nigeria; performance; reporting; study; sustainability; sustainability reporting; yoruba
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        item: #259 of 407
          id: cjfa-38789
      author: Frikha Chaari, Hela; Belanès, Amel; Lajmi, Azhaar
       title: FRAUD RISK AND AUDIT QUALITY: THE CASE OF US PUBLIC FIRMS
        date: 2022
       words: 6465
      flesch: 58
     summary: Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 11(1), 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2022.002 Hela friKHa cHaari* University of Tunis aMel belanès** University of Jeddah University of Tunis azHaar lajMi*** University of Tunis fraud risK and audit quality: tHe case of us public firMs Keywords: fraud risk, bankruptcy, audit quality, financial reporting, Beneish M-score model, Z-score model. The paper suggests a more comprehensive proxy for fraud risk that relies on the combination of Z-score and Beneish M-score.
    keywords: .0001; accounting; audit; committee; companies; fees; fraud; fraud risk; quality; risk; score
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        item: #260 of 407
          id: cjfa-38805
      author: Olalekan Iredele, Oluwamayowa; Babatunde Adeyeye, Gbadegesin; Babatunde Owoyomi, Ebenezer
       title: CREATIVE ACCOUNTING AND SHAREHOLDERS WEALTH MAXIMIZATION IN LISTED CONSUMER GOODS COMPANIES IN NIGERIA
        date: 2022
       words: 6473
      flesch: 45
     summary: Creative Accounting and Shareholders Wealth Maximization in Listed Consumer Goods Companies in Nigeria. Creative accounting is a term used to describe means used by preparers of financial statements to make companies become competitive in the busi- ness environment where they operate (Odia & Ogiedu, 2013).
    keywords: accounting; changes; companies; effect; inventory; practices; shareholders; study; valuation; wealth
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        item: #261 of 407
          id: cjfa-38806
      author: Kulshrestha, Preeti; Srivastava, Anubha
       title: USE OF CAMEL RATING FRAMEWORK: A COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDIA
        date: 2022
       words: 6938
      flesch: 60
     summary: Results shown that private sector banks are better performers compare to Public sector bank. In India, public sector banks are encountering challenges from private sector banks and are under constant pressure to perform better.
    keywords: avg; bank; banking; camel; capital; financial; india; performance; public; rank; ratio; sector
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        item: #262 of 407
          id: cjfa-38808
      author: Ben Slimen, Rihab; Belhaj, Fethi; Hadriche, Manel; Ghroubi, Mohamed
       title: BANKING EFFICIENCY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN ISLAMIC AND CONVENTIONAL BANKS IN GCC COUNTRIES
        date: 2022
       words: 6482
      flesch: 53
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2022.005 riHab ben sliMen* Carthage University, Tunisia fetHi belHaj** Carthage University, Tunisia Manouba University, Tunisia Manel HadricHe*** Carthage University, Tunisia Manar University, Tunisia MoHaMed GHroubi**** Ez-Zitouna University, Tunisia banKinG efficiency: a coMparative study between islaMic and conventional banKs in Gcc countries R. B. Slimen, F. Belhaj, M. Hadriche, M. Ghroubi90 Keywords: banking efficiency, CIR ratio, conventional banks, Islamic banks, stochastic frontier analysis. The results show that Islamic banks are less efficient in terms of cost than conventional banks, and that this result remains valid even during the 2008 crisis period and even after con- trolling for bank-specific variables.
    keywords: analysis; banking; banks; cost; efficiency; islamic; � bankit; � �; � 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙; 𝑙𝑙 �; 𝑣𝑣 �
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        item: #263 of 407
          id: cjfa-41509
      author: .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2022
       words: 1184
      flesch: 26
     summary: for authors Peer Review ProcessPeer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #264 of 407
          id: cjfa-41510
      author: .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2022
       words: 797
      flesch: 46
     summary: Wydawnictwa www.wydawnictwoumk.pl © 2022 Copyright by Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu Toruń 2022 ICV 2021: 100.00 list of reviewers Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Kaushik Bhattacharjee, Neetu Yadav, Geeta Singh Does Mutual Fund Manager’s Attributes Impact Fund Performance? UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska scientific council Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; spain; university
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        item: #265 of 407
          id: cjfa-41511
      author: Bhattacharjee, Kaushik; Yadav, Neetu; Singh, Geeta
       title: DOES MUTUAL FUND MANAGER’S ATTRIBUTES IMPACT FUND PERFORMANCE? EVIDENCE FROM INDIA
        date: 2022
       words: 7275
      flesch: 54
     summary: Given the above arguments, many researchers have tried to figure out whether some mutual fund managers are better than others by studying the relationship between fund performance and fund manager’s personal charac- 1  Similarly, the Q- code 3 represents fund manager is a Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech), and Master of Business Administration.
    keywords: attributes; characteristics; experience; fund; fund managers; fund performance; managers; mba; performance; qualification; scheme; table
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        item: #266 of 407
          id: cjfa-41512
      author: A. Emeka-Nwokeji, Nkechi; Nangih, Efeeloo; O. Chiedu, Christian; N. Ekwunife, Ebele
       title: REACTION OF SHARE PRICES TO DIVIDEND POLICY OF NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS IN NIGERIA: A PANEL DATA APPROACH
        date: 2022
       words: 7572
      flesch: 58
     summary: Thus, Omilabua, Alao and Situ (2018) posit that dividend policy indicates established benchmarks and guidelines which underpins management’s de- cision regarding distributing Profit after Tax (PAT) to ordinary sharehold- ers. As a result, prospective investors can use dividend policy as a source of information before committing to an investment (Margono & Gantino, 2021).
    keywords: data; dividend; dividend policy; effect; firm; market; payout; policy; price; share; study; yield
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        item: #267 of 407
          id: cjfa-41518
      author: Karthigeyan, A.; Mariappan, V.; Mani, R.
       title: RECAPITALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON BANK’S STABILITY, COMPETITIVENESS AND PROFITABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM INDIAN PSBs
        date: 2022
       words: 6662
      flesch: 55
     summary: Moreover, the large capital infused banks have used the cap- ital for further lending which may also increase the credit risk but it is not in the case of small banks because they use the capital infusion for their further strengthening of bank capital. The reason may be Basel III implementation process started in India during 2013 and it ended in 2019 for further strengthening of bank capital and attaining global standards.
    keywords: bank; capital; capital infusion; india; infusion; model; recapitalization; stability; study
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        item: #268 of 407
          id: cjfa-41519
      author: Nasreen, Taslima; Baker, Ron
       title: CANADIAN GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
        date: 2022
       words: 9393
      flesch: 39
     summary: Coper- nican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 11(2), 71–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2022.009 taslima nasreen* Gordon S. Lang School of Business and Economics at the University of Guelph ron baKer** Gordon S. Lang School of Business and Economics at the University of Guelph canadian Government accountinG: a sYstematic review Keywords: Canadian government accounting, financial accounting, managerial ac- counting, auditing, systematic review. To the best of our knowledge, T. Nasreen, R. Baker7272 no systematic review has been done in Canadian government accounting.
    keywords: accounting; analysis; articles; baker; canada; canadian; government; government accounting; management; practices; public; rennie; reporting; research; review; sector; study
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        item: #269 of 407
          id: cjfa-41520
      author: Sánchez-Cubo, Francisco; Vargas-Vargas, Manuel; Mondéjar-Jiménez, José; Lasso-Dela-Vega, Elena
       title: CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOUR: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
        date: 2022
       words: 7817
      flesch: 54
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2022.010 francisco sánchez-cubo* University of Castilla-La Mancha manuel varGas-varGas** University of Castilla-La Mancha josé mondéjar-jiménez*** University of Castilla-La Mancha elena lasso-dela-veGa**** University of Málaga circular economY and environmental behaviour: a sYstematic literature review F. Sánchez-Cubo, M. Vargas-Vargas, J. Mondéjar-Jiménez, E. Lasso-Dela-Vega100100 Keywords: bibliometric analysis, behaviours, circular economy, environment, green economy. That is why this work aims to be the meeting point for the main ideas and experiences so far, combin- ing the most recent studies with those most relevant from the beginning of the studies on circular economy.
    keywords: analysis; articles; behaviour; data; economy; figure; green; journal; mondéjar; periods; production; research; study; vargas
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        item: #270 of 407
          id: cjfa-41543
      author: .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2022
       words: 1184
      flesch: 27
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #271 of 407
          id: cjfa-41544
      author: .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2022
       words: 774
      flesch: 49
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła) fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2021: 100.00 list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Rajesh Desai, Avani Raval Examining the Relation Between Market Value and CO2 Emission: Study of Indian Firms ............................................................................................................. 9 R. Mani, S. Thiyagarajan, N. Azhaguraja, S. Janakiraman Users’ Engagement in Banking Activities on Social Media: A Study With Reference to Facebook ............................................................................. UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; spain; university
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        item: #272 of 407
          id: cjfa-41545
      author: Desai, Rajesh; Raval, Avani
       title: EXAMINING THE RELATION BETWEEN MARKET VALUE AND CO2 EMISSION: STUDY OF INDIAN FIRMS
        date: 2022
       words: 5276
      flesch: 53
     summary: Effect of COEffect of CO22 emission on firm value emission on firm value Present study is based on unbalanced panel data of CDP India firms that have disclosed CO2 data through responding CDP questionnaire. org/10.12775/CJFA.2022.011 Rajesh Desai* Pandit Deendayal Energy University avani Raval** Institute of Management, Nirma University examining the Relation between maRket value anD co2 emission: stuDy of inDian fiRms Keywords: market value, CO2 emission, India, sustainability, emerging. J E L Classification: Q51, Q56.
    keywords: carbon; co2; co2 emission; companies; data; effect; emission; firm; market; market value; performance; study; value
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        item: #273 of 407
          id: cjfa-41546
      author: Mani, R.; Thiyagarajan, S.; Azhaguraja, N.; Janakiraman, S.
       title: USERS’ ENGAGEMENT IN BANKING ACTIVITIES ON SOCIAL MEDIA: A STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO FACEBOOK
        date: 2022
       words: 7375
      flesch: 68
     summary: This clearly defines the quality and the kind of posts public sector banks posts. An event study analysis was carried out for a period from 7 to 90 days to see the difference in likes for bank posts on the Facebook.
    keywords: banks; days; difference; engagement; facebook; media; posts; sector; sector banks; users
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        item: #274 of 407
          id: cjfa-41547
      author: Ojuolape Gold, Nusirat; Osayantin Aifuwa, Hope
       title: BOARD MEETING AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING OF BANKS IN NIGERIA
        date: 2022
       words: 5983
      flesch: 47
     summary: Their study used a sample of 24 empirical studies to clari- fy the relationship between the number of board meeting with ESG disclosure that number of board meetings does not affect the ESG Voluntary disclosure. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2022.013 nusiRat ojuolape golD Kwara State University hope osayantin aifuwa University of Benin boaRD meeting anD sustainability RepoRting of banks in nigeRia Keywords: board meeting, sustainability reporting, global reporting initiative, listed deposit money banks.
    keywords: aifuwa; banks; board; board meeting; disclosure; firms; governance; meeting; nigeria; reporting; study; sustainability; sustainability reporting
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        item: #275 of 407
          id: cjfa-41550
      author: Singh, Geeta; Dwesar, Rishi
       title: BOARD GENDER DIVERSITY, FIRM PERFORMANCE AND FIRM RISK: A LITERATURE SURVEY
        date: 2022
       words: 5916
      flesch: 58
     summary: http://dx.doi. org/10.12775/CJFA.2022.014 geeta singh ICFAI Business School Hyderabad Rishi DwesaR ICFAI Business School Hyderabad boaRD genDeR DiveRsity, fiRm peRfoRmance anD fiRm Risk: a liteRatuRe suRvey Keywords: board gender diversity, firm performance, firm risk. Abstract: In this paper, we conduct a succinct review of literature to understand the impact of board gender diversity on firm performance and firm risk.
    keywords: board; board gender; directors; firm; gender diversity; impact; journal; performance; relation; risk; women
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        item: #276 of 407
          id: cjfa-41564
      author: Zhubikenov, Adil
       title: KAZAKHSTAN AND ITS INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT PATH
        date: 2022
       words: 4966
      flesch: 54
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2022.015 aDil zhubikenov Nicolaus Copernicus University kazakhstan anD its investment Development path Keywords: foreign direct investment, investment development path, Kazakhstan, net outward income. This article attempts to explore the theory of investment development path (IDP according to Dunnings’s theory) of Kazakhstan which economy was considered as transitional, and its key component, the net external investment position, the starting point for data analysis is the beginning of Kazakhstan’s transition to the market system in 1991.
    keywords: countries; development; development path; dunning; fdi; investment; investment development; kazakhstan; net; path
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        item: #277 of 407
          id: cjfa-45162
      author: .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2023
       words: 1184
      flesch: 26
     summary: for authors Peer Review ProcessPeer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #278 of 407
          id: cjfa-45163
      author: .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2023
       words: 670
      flesch: 52
     summary: UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain S t a t www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK EDITORIAL OFFICE cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2021: 100.00 LIST OF REVIEWERS Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pite ti, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland TABLE OF CONTENTS Gbenga Festus Babarinde, Bashir Ahmad Daneji, Mamoud Abdul Jalloh, Tajudeen Idera Abdulmajeed Financial Inclusion Implications on the Liquidity of the Nigerian Capital Market .........
    keywords: prof; spain; university
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        item: #279 of 407
          id: cjfa-45164
      author: Gbenga Festus Babarinde; Bashir Ahmad Daneji; Mamoud Abdul Jalloh; Tajudeen Idera Abdulmajeed
       title: FINANCIAL INCLUSION IMPLICATIONS ON THE LIQUIDITY OF THE NIGERIAN CAPITAL MARKET
        date: 2023
       words: 10543
      flesch: 47
     summary: � SMTR� D�DPP�� D�BKP�� D�CRP�� � � � SMTR��� D�DPP���� D�BKP���� D�CRP���� � � � D�DPP���� SMTR���SMTR���SMTR��� � � � D�BKP���� D�BKP���� D�DPP���� D�DPP���� � � � D�CRP���� D�CRP���� D�CRP���� D�BKP���� � � � ∪��∪��∪��∪�� � �5� �6� �7� �8� Where: The prefix ‘D’ denotes the differenced form of the variables (as in D�DPP����, D�BKP���� and D�CRP����) where the stationary form of the variable is added to the VAR model in line with the suggestion of Garca-Ascanio and Mate (2010); SMTR=Stock market turnover ratio; Bank penetration=BKP, credit penetration=CRP and deposit penetration=DPP; ∪���∪�� signifies error term for each equation from (5) to (8). Financial inclusion empowers the poor and vulnerable members of the society and also acts as a catalyst to economic growth of a nation.
    keywords: d �; ø �; � time; � ɛ𝒕𝒕; � ℾ𝐢𝐢𝚫𝚫𝚫𝚫𝐭𝐭; � �; � 𝐢𝐢; � 𝑖𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑖𝑟𝑟𝑢𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑠𝑠; � 𝚫𝚫𝐭𝐭; 𝐱𝐱𝐭𝐭 �; 𝐻𝐻 �; 𝚫𝚫𝚫𝚫𝐭𝐭 �
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        item: #280 of 407
          id: cjfa-45166
      author: Hafida Nur Chofifah; Ani Wilujeng Suryani
       title: KOREAN MUSIC AWARDS AND ABNORMAL STOCK RETURNS
        date: 2023
       words: 5990
      flesch: 59
     summary: Therefore, the impact of award information on the occurrence of ARs in entertainment com- panies is important to study. Music awards that fail to elicit a response can be attributed to the awards’ timing being too close and the assessment criteria being too restrictive, preventing the public, especially investors, from making an investment decision. 
    keywords: ars; award; car; companies; entertainment; gcma; information; investors; journal; korean; market; music; price; returns; stock; study
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        item: #281 of 407
          id: cjfa-45168
      author: Ewa Chojnacka-Pelowska; Dorota Górecka
       title: INFORMATION AVAILABLE FROM MANDATORY REPORTS AND THE POSSIBILITY OF APPLYING RANKING METHODS: THE CASE OF POLISH PUBLIC BENEFIT ORGANIZATIONS
        date: 2023
       words: 13142
      flesch: 54
     summary: Calculation of the weighted normalized matrix: � � �𝑣𝑣��� � �𝑤𝑤�𝑥𝑥��� (7) where 𝑤𝑤� is a weight of criterion 𝑘𝑘. 3. Calculation of the weighted normalized matrix: � � �𝑣𝑣��� � �𝑤𝑤�𝑥𝑥��� (7) where 𝑤𝑤� is a weight of criterion 𝑘𝑘. 3.
    keywords: ∑ �; � max; � preference; � type; � ∑; � �; 𝐴𝐴 �; 𝑃𝑃 �; 𝑆𝑆 �; 𝑎𝑎 �; 𝑑𝑑 �; 𝑝𝑝 �; 𝑞𝑞 �; 𝑣𝑣 �; 𝑤𝑤 �
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        item: #282 of 407
          id: cjfa-45177
      author: Wulli Faustin Djoufouet; Thierry Messie Pondie
       title: IMPACTS OF FINTECH ON FINANCIAL INCLUSION: THE CASE OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
        date: 2023
       words: 9511
      flesch: 64
     summary: This is why FinTech is an accelerator of financial inclusion and an opportunity for poor peo- imPaCts of fintECh on finanCial inClusion… 7171 ple, women and rural populations excluded from the financial system (Gomber, Koch & Siering, 2017). org/10.12775/CJFA.2022.019 Wulli faustin djoufouet* University of Bamenda thierry messie pondie** University of Dschang impacts of fintech on financial inclusion: the case of sub-saharan africa Keywords: FinTech, financial inclusion, Lewbel 2SLS.
    keywords: africa; countries; economic; finance; financial; fintech; inclusion; journal; level; model; people; results; services; study; variables; � �; 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 �
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        item: #283 of 407
          id: cjfa-45186
      author: Danuta Dziawgo
       title: CLASSIFICATION OF STAKEHOLDERS ACTIVISM AIMING TO INFLUENCE CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
        date: 2023
       words: 5794
      flesch: 45
     summary: org/10.12775/CJFA.2022.020 danuta dziaWGo* Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń classification of stakeholders activism aiminG to influence corporate social responsibility Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, classification, theory, sustainable develop- ment, shareholder activism, consumer activism. On the other hand, consumers activism can be described as the active impact on company strat- egy and practices via consumer purchase power.
    keywords: activism; business; classification; companies; company; consumers; csr; financial; investors; management; responsibility; stakeholders; time
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        item: #284 of 407
          id: cjfa-45188
      author: Rajasekharan Ganesh; S. Thiyagarajan; Gopala Vasudevan; G. Naresh
       title: INVESTORS’ OVERCONFIDENCE IN THE STOCK MARKET
        date: 2023
       words: 5545
      flesch: 58
     summary: The objective of the study is to find out the presence of overconfidence bias by examining the relationship between market return, trading volume and price volatility. These investors are termed to bear overconfidence bias.
    keywords: bias; investors; lag; market; overconfidence; overconfidence bias; return; study; trading; value; volume
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        item: #285 of 407
          id: cjfa-45200
      author: Nisarg A. Joshi
       title: IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON PERFORMANCE ON INDIAN STOCK INDICES: A STUDY FOR NSE COMPOSITE AND SECTORAL INDICES
        date: 2023
       words: 9882
      flesch: 62
     summary: Ahmar and Val (2020) studied the short-run impact of coronavirus on Spain stock market index and found that SutteARIMA was a better method to estimate the effect of Covid-19 on the index. In this context, there are recent and relevant studies which had studied the effect of COVID-19 on performance of stock indices, volatility, stability of stock indices etc., which were supported by other empirical studies.
    keywords: covid-19; december; indices; july; lockdown; nifty; period; returns; stock; � �; � 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑆𝑆
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        item: #286 of 407
          id: cjfa-45201
      author: Urszula Król
       title: A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE NEW POLISH INCOME TAX SYSTEM
        date: 2023
       words: 7028
      flesch: 59
     summary: Those choices are particularly interesting due to the fact that most probably a large part of entrepreneurs changed their chosen taxing rules from income-based tax rules (progressive tax and flat tax) to reve- nue-based tax rules. It does not change the calculations on progressive tax and flat tax.
    keywords: health; income; insurance; pln; revenue; tax
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        item: #287 of 407
          id: cjfa-45203
      author: Salah Uddin Rajib
       title: MAX WEBER’S RATIONALITY IN ACCOUNTING RESEARCH
        date: 2023
       words: 8833
      flesch: 65
     summary: This paper aims to investigate the influence of Weber’s ‘rationality’ concept in accounting research through the identification of research platforms, trends and major themes and findings. It is expected that the study will contrib- ute to understand the application of Weber’s concept in accounting research and poten- tiality as well.
    keywords: accounting; max; rationality; research; society; weber
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        item: #288 of 407
          id: cjfa-45206
      author: Geeta Singh; Kaushik Bhattacharjee; Srikanth Potharla
       title: A LITERATURE SURVEY AND BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDERS ON DIVIDEND POLICY
        date: 2023
       words: 6250
      flesch: 55
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2022.025 Geeta sinGh* ICFAI Business School kaushik bhattacharjee** ICFAI Business School srikanth potharla*** ICFAI Business School a literature survey and bibliometric analysis of the impact of controllinG shareholders on dividend policy Keywords: dividend policy, controlling shareholders, agency problem, signalling, bib- liometric analysis. We examine the literature on the linear and http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2022.025 Geeta Singh, Kaushik Bhattacharjee, Srikanth Potharla184184 non-linear association between the equity holding of the controlling shareholders and dividend policy.
    keywords: analysis; articles; authors; dividend; dividend policy; family; firm; ownership; policy; relation; shareholders
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        item: #289 of 407
          id: cjfa-45208
      author: Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła
       title: THE FINANCIAL EFFECTS OF THE FISCAL SOVEREIGNTY OF MUNICIPALITY REGARDING REAL ESTATE TAX
        date: 2023
       words: 5749
      flesch: 52
     summary: Abstract: The aim of the article is to identify the differentiation of the financial effects of a municipality’s fiscal sovereignty in the field of real estate tax from the point of view of such criteria as the type of municipality (rural, urban, urban-rural and town with po- viat rights) and the type of fiscal sovereignty instrument (tax rates lower than the maxi- mum, reliefs and exemptions, redemption of tax arrears, payment in instalments, defer- ral of the payment date). On the other hand, the redemption of tax arrears was of the least importance in the decrease in real estate tax revenues.
    keywords: effects; estate tax; field; increase; municipalities; municipality; pln; revenues; sovereignty; value
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        item: #290 of 407
          id: cjfa-4707
      author: Dziawgo, Leszek
       title: Introduction
        date: 2014
       words: 357
      flesch: 54
     summary: Looking for real reasons of this situation it seems it is the lack of Profession- alism and Ethics in modern Economy that creates fundamental problems of dis- functioning of economic system. IntroductIon Professionalism & Ethics Contemporary Economy requires both: Professionalism and Ethics.
    keywords: ethics
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        item: #291 of 407
          id: cjfa-4708
      author: Dziawgo, Leszek
       title: Greening financial market
        date: 2014
       words: 5181
      flesch: 40
     summary: Abstract: The idea of Corporate Social Responsibility is one of the most inspiring ideas in modern business, also even in financial business. The growing and diversified ecological engagement of different financial institutions could be even called ecological evolution of financial business.
    keywords: activities; bank; business; csr; dziawgo; environment; financial; funds; institutions; investment; market; products; protection
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        item: #292 of 407
          id: cjfa-4709
      author: Kirillova, Nadezda
       title: Regulation of financial condition insurers in the Russian Federation and assessment the insurers by insured
        date: 2014
       words: 3359
      flesch: 35
     summary: The first part is related to characteristic the basic regulatory requirements for the financial condition of insurance companies in Russia. It contains a brief descrip- tion of idea comprehensive analysis of the insurance company consumers of in- surance services, draws conclusions on the adequacy of the legal requirements Nadezda Kirillova82 for the financial condition of insurance companies.
    keywords: companies; condition; federation; insurance; insurer; requirements; reserves; russian; russian federation
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        item: #293 of 407
          id: cjfa-4710
      author: Kalinowski, Marcin
       title: Stock Exchanges Sustainability Support Assessment
        date: 2014
       words: 4447
      flesch: 53
     summary: It helps to compare stock exchange sustainability support levels. Each category has been proposed as support variable assessing stock exchanges sustainability.
    keywords: companies; company; exchange; index; level; market; profit; ssi; stock; support; sustainability; sustainability support
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        item: #294 of 407
          id: cjfa-4711
      author: Nowak, Kamil
       title: Advanced Private Banking in Terms of Ecology
        date: 2014
       words: 4994
      flesch: 45
     summary: Paper looks into sustainable investing through private banking sector. The involvement of private banking sector in the protection of the environment The involvement of financial institutions in the environmental protection can be observed directly in the business activity or in projects not directly connec- ted with it.
    keywords: activity; banking; companies; environment; fund; institutions; investment; positions; private; sector; ubs
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        item: #295 of 407
          id: cjfa-4712
      author: Karmańska, Anna
       title: The imperative of sustainable growth and reporting integration. The fourth era in the corporate reporting development
        date: 2014
       words: 6462
      flesch: 40
     summary: Combining the ideas of both organisations it may be said that a contempo- rary company within corporate activity reporting should: ■ focus on a chain of activities and processes thanks to which it creates va- lue; this is what the idea of integrated reporting should serve, and at the same time Anna Karmańska56 ■ it should present appropriate information about how the value creation goes hand in hand with the idea of sustainable growth, with the idea of social responsibility reporting serving this purpose. This text, which is the second part of a two-part analysis, refers to the problem of a new trend of corporate reporting primarily for two reasons: (1) to point to the legitimacy of the joint deter- mination by economic sciences of the axis around which reporting on corporate (orga- nisation) performance should revolve, (2) in view of the variety of perceptions of va- lue, to make everybody aware that different elements of corporate reporting should be compatible and that its usefulness for a wide range of stakeholders is predetermined by the explicitness of perception of the categories which are present in these elements.
    keywords: business; development; framework; growth; guidelines; iirc; information; international; management; organisation; reporting; sustainability; sustainability reporting; value
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        item: #296 of 407
          id: cjfa-4713
      author: Janik, Bogna
       title: Market and non-market factors influencing the development of green energy producers
        date: 2014
       words: 4671
      flesch: 51
     summary: They think that renewable energy sources in Poland are strictly connected with local so- cieties. It turned out simultaneously, though welcomed with a slight disbelief by other researchers, that in the analyzed period: ‘other factors such as research and innovation policies, market-based energy policies, energy prices, and R&D expenditures did not play a significant role in enhancing renewable energy and bioenergy supply’.
    keywords: analysis; biomass; certificates; development; energy; market; ozex_a; production; rse; sources
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        item: #297 of 407
          id: cjfa-4714
      author: Piotrowski, Dariusz
       title: The financial aspect of intergenerational solidarity from the point of view of the senior
        date: 2014
       words: 4901
      flesch: 48
     summary: The first one, concerning burdening the young generation with the liabilities of the older generation, was verified with the use of questions regarding the defini- tion, understanding of the notion of financial intergenerational solidarity and the scale of financial burdens passed on to the younger generation. In the supplementary question, the respondents were asked to indicate the relation between financial benefits and burdens resul- ting from the activities of the older generation felt by the representatives of the younger generation.
    keywords: aspect; benefits; chart; debt; economic; expenditure; finance; generation; health; seniors; solidarity; state
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        item: #298 of 407
          id: cjfa-4715
      author: Kasiewicz, Stanisław; Kurkliński, Lech
       title: Problems of regulations for SME in Poland – institutional and cultural context
        date: 2014
       words: 4563
      flesch: 43
     summary: Since the beginning of the transformation, the quality of Polish regulations have become the subject of many studies, discussions and growing concerns due to insufficient response of regulators to the criticisms articulated by sci- entists and practitioners. We can call this situation as: “the drift of economic regulation”.
    keywords: companies; development; legislation; poland; polish; process; regulacji; regulations; sme; smes; system; warszawa
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        item: #299 of 407
          id: cjfa-4716
      author: ., .
       title: Editorial pages
        date: 2014
       words: 806
      flesch: 56
     summary: Jan Turyna, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. dr hab. Waldemar Tarczyński, Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Titular Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Siniša Zarić, Ph.D., University of Belgrade, Serbia Prof. dr hab.
    keywords: hab; prof; university
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        item: #300 of 407
          id: cjfa-4717
      author: ., .
       title: For authors
        date: 2014
       words: 1124
      flesch: 29
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publi- cation in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guideli- nes of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 29 May 2013 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #301 of 407
          id: cjfa-4718
      author: Ptak, Michał
       title: Environmental charges levied on power plants
        date: 2014
       words: 3421
      flesch: 59
     summary: Despite this, the rates of emission charges in Poland are still very low in comparison to taxes levied in Northern European countries (table 2)1. However, one can estimate the revenues from emission charges levied on energy sector taking data on emissions as a basis for calculation.
    keywords: air; charges; emissions; energy; environment; plants; poland; pollution; power; use; water; środowiska
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        item: #302 of 407
          id: cjfa-4719
      author: Pyka, Anna; Błach, Joanna
       title: Business-to-business platforms as a part of e-commerce – possibilities of practical use by Polish enterprises
        date: 2014
       words: 4833
      flesch: 48
     summary: Business to business platforms as a form of e-commerce Business to business platforms are an innovative solution supporting the pro- curement (and sale) management process in a company, allowing increase in effectiveness of its activities. Business to business platforms: ■ are innovative solutions that give a real competitive edge thanks to si- gnificant reduction of costs of purchase of goods and services, shorte- ning of the return on investment period leading to increase in profitabi- lity of the company; 5 More: Niedźwiedziński 2004, 19–25.
    keywords: b2b; bank; business; business platforms; commerce; companies; costs; internet; market; platforms; procurement; sale; services; use
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        item: #303 of 407
          id: cjfa-4720
      author: Zaremba, Adam; Żmudziński, Radosław
       title: IPO Initial Underpricing Anomaly: the Election Gimmick Hypothesis
        date: 2014
       words: 5833
      flesch: 63
     summary: However, IPO initial underpricing anomaly… 175 we strongly feel that it may be due to model’s misspecification. Ritter J. (2003), Investment banking and securities issuance, [in:] Handbook of the Eco- nomics of Finance, G. Constantinides, M. Harris & R. Stulz (eds.), Elsevier, Amster- dam. IPO initial underpricing anomaly… 181 Ritter J., Welch I. (2002).
    keywords: companies; election; ipo; ipos; market; money; offer; size; state; table; underpricing; years
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        item: #304 of 407
          id: cjfa-4721
      author: Saúde, Sandra; Borralho, Carlos; Féria, Isidro; Lopes, Sandra
       title: The impact of a Higher Education Institution on Socioeconomic Development – the Study Case of the Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Portugal
        date: 2014
       words: 4560
      flesch: 51
     summary: This paper aims to reflect on the role and impact of higher education on regional de- velopment, based on the reality of public higher education in Portugal and, more speci- fically, the case study of the Polytechnic Institute of Beja (IPBeja). Public higher education corresponds to about 1/3 of all the institutions, 15 of which belong to the university sub-system (14 uni- versities and 1 university institute).
    keywords: education; euros; hei; impact; institute; ipbeja; municipality; polytechnic; portugal; sandra; students; university
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        item: #305 of 407
          id: cjfa-47441
      author: .
       title: EDITORIAL PAGES
        date: 2023
       words: 832
      flesch: 48
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła) fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2021: 100.00 list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Dalia Abrach, Khalil Feghali Examination of Ethical and Professional Conduct of Lebanese External Auditors ....... 9 Brishti Chakraborty Does Board Structure and Ownership Structure Influence UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; spain; university
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        item: #306 of 407
          id: cjfa-47442
      author: .
       title: FOR AUTHORS
        date: 2023
       words: 1184
      flesch: 26
     summary: for authors Peer Review ProcessPeer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #307 of 407
          id: cjfa-47443
      author: Abrach, Dalia; Feghali, Khalil
       title: EXAMINATION OF ETHICAL AND PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT OF LEBANESE EXTERNAL AUDITORS
        date: 2023
       words: 6980
      flesch: 50
     summary: The results reveal that because of an economic dependance on their clients, Lebanese external auditors dem- onstrate an inability to remain independent. This study http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2023.001 http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2023.001 Dalia Abrach, Khalil Feghali1010 adds to the sparse literature found in developing countries that highlight the behavior of Lebanese external auditors with respect to professional conduct, which has always been considered sensitive and complex. 
    keywords: accounting; auditing; auditors; code; compliance; conduct; ethics; independence; lebanese; opinion; quality; table
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        item: #308 of 407
          id: cjfa-47450
      author: Chakraborty, Brishti
       title: DOES BOARD STRUCTURE AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE INFLUENCE THE PERFORMANCE OF LISTED COMPANIES: EVIDENCE FROM PHARMACEUTICALS AND CHEMICAL INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH?
        date: 2023
       words: 5642
      flesch: 52
     summary: Corporate boards and firm performance: a meta-analytic approach to examine the impact of contextual factors. Thus, the goal of this research is to examine the influence of corporate board structure, Ownership struc- ture, and corporate control on a firm’s performance in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry of Bangladesh.
    keywords: board; board structure; committee; firm; governance; journal; ownership; performance; significant; size; structure; study
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        item: #309 of 407
          id: cjfa-47451
      author: Chakraborty, Brishti; Maruf, Md. Yealid Hassan
       title: ARE LIQUIDITY, DIVIDEND POLICY, LEVERAGE, AND PROFITABILITY THE DETERMINANTS OF FIRM VALUE: EVIDENCE FROM THE LISTED FIRMS?
        date: 2023
       words: 5827
      flesch: 59
     summary: The association between firm value and finan- cial ratios is tested through the following regression models: 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃�𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇� � �� � ���𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶��� � ���𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅��� � ���𝐷𝐷𝑅𝑅𝐶𝐶��� � ���𝐷𝐷𝑃𝑃𝐶𝐶��� � ���𝑇𝑇𝑅𝑅𝑇𝑇��� � ���𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��� � ���𝐹𝐹𝑅𝑅��� � ���𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��� � �� ����� � ��𝐶𝐶 � �� � ���𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶��� � ���𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅��� � ���𝐷𝐷𝑅𝑅𝐶𝐶��� � ���𝐷𝐷𝑃𝑃𝐶𝐶��� � ���𝑇𝑇𝑅𝑅𝑇𝑇��� � ���𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��� � ���𝐹𝐹𝑅𝑅��� � ���𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��� � �� ����� � Where: Dependent Variables: PBV (TQ) and MKC; Independent Variables: CHR, ROA, DAR, DPR, TAT; Control Variables: FS, FA, FG; Coefficient β and Error term ε. A man- aged dividend policy does not have a negative effect on company value in the event that the capital market is perfect.
    keywords: asset; company; dividend; firm; journal; liquidity; market; policy; price; ratio; total; value; � �; � 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹
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        item: #310 of 407
          id: cjfa-47452
      author: Djeudja, Rovier; Matejang, Letissia Stephanie; Nya, Magloire Tchatchoua
       title: DIGITALIZATION AS A LEVER OF INNOVATION FOR SMES: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY IN THE CAMEROONIAN CONTEXT
        date: 2023
       words: 6768
      flesch: 40
     summary: Translating or de- fining what is meant by process innovation. The table above relates the perception of digital in the companies to their in- fluence on innovation variables such as process and product.
    keywords: cameroonian; companies; company; digitalization; hand; innovation; management; process; research; smes; study; technologies; technology; variables
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        item: #311 of 407
          id: cjfa-47453
      author: Nepal, Bidush; Gyawali, Mira
       title: BEHAVIORAL BIASES AND PORTFOLIO STRATEGIES: ANALYZING THE IMPACT ON INVESTOR DECISION MAKING IN THE NEPALESE STOCK MARKET
        date: 2023
       words: 6336
      flesch: 53
     summary: Copernican Journal of Finance & Ac- counting, 12(1), 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2023.005 biDush nepal* MPhil Scholar, Kathmandu University School of Management mira gyawali** School of Management Tribhuvan University behavioral biases anD portfolio strategies: analyzing the impact on investor Decision maKing in the nepalese stocK marKet Keywords: behavioral biases, portfolio investors, portfolio strategies, decision making. The impact of behavioral biases on investor decisions in Kenya: Male VS Female.
    keywords: aversion; biases; decision; experience; herding; investment; investors; loss; making; overconfidence; portfolio
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        item: #312 of 407
          id: cjfa-47454
      author: Ngwakwe, Collins C
       title: A REVIEW OF STOCK MARKET IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CATACLYSMS AND LESSONS FOR INVESTORS
        date: 2023
       words: 5820
      flesch: 34
     summary: Accordingly, the objective of this review paper is to use existing empirical studies to understand different effects of environmental disaster on the stock exchange and to draw out the lessons for investors and to develop framework for further research on stock market implication of environmental disasters. org/10.12775/CJFA.2023.006 collins c ngwaKwe* University of Limpopo a review of stocK marKet impact of environmental cataclysms anD lessons for investors Keywords: environmental finance, stock markets, environmental disaster, environ- mental risks, investment arbitrage, risk reduction, adaptive capacity.
    keywords: capacity; corporate; disaster; finance; impact; market; research; review; risk; stock; stock market
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        item: #313 of 407
          id: cjfa-47455
      author: Ozan Üzgün, Yusuf; Aypek, Nevzat
       title: FIRM VALUATION WITH DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS: BORSA IṠTANBUL EXAMPLE
        date: 2023
       words: 7746
      flesch: 59
     summary: For example, the dif- ference indicator between firm no. 2 and firm no. 42 is found by solving the fol- lowing formula: 9 δ2,42 = ∑���,� � ���,��� � �0.57� 0.65�� � �0.19� 0.09�� � �0.24� 0.26�� � 0.018 Table 1. Variable δij for each company i, difference indicator between companies i and j as follows (Anadol, 2000, p. 106-107): 𝛿𝛿�� ������ � ����� (3)
    keywords: analysis; dea; firm; market; valuation; value; � �; � 𝑋𝑋; � 𝑌𝑌; 𝑀𝑀 �
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        item: #314 of 407
          id: cjfa-48223
      author: Acikdilli, Gaye; Bugra Soylu, Abdullah
       title: Service Trust, Loyalty, and Satisfaction: Do Clients Prefer Insurance Firms or Agencies? Evidence from Turkey
        date: 2024
       words: 6287
      flesch: 49
     summary: Yet, how trust in insurance agencies affects the loyalty of insurance customers has not been a focus in academic literature. An- dreassen and Lanseng (1997) reported insurance firms had a higher impact on the loyalty levels of insurance customers than the agencies and, where the per- ceived service quality is of high quality, corporate image influences custom- er loyalty.
    keywords: agencies; companies; company; customer; customer loyalty; customer satisfaction; dimensions; insurance; loyalty; quality; satisfaction; service; service quality; trust
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        item: #315 of 407
          id: cjfa-48225
      author: Bansal, Atul; Prasad Samontaray, Durga; Kumar, Rahul
       title: The Impact of Corporate Governance (CG) on Firm Performance: Evidence from Emerging Countries Banking Industry
        date: 2024
       words: 7192
      flesch: 59
     summary: Corporate Governance and bank performance: A study of selected banks in GCC region. Naushad and Malik (2015) carried a study on GCC countries banks and commenced that the smaller the size of BoD the better the FP.
    keywords: banks; bod; governance; performance; relationship; roa; study; variables
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        item: #316 of 407
          id: cjfa-48227
      author: Maier, Daniel
       title: Is It Worth the Hype? Influence of Artificial Intelligence Efforts on Key Financial Company Metrics
        date: 2024
       words: 4193
      flesch: 53
     summary: Despite of this, an increasing number of AI efforts over the last years can be confirmed.   It is also not known whether AI efforts have any quantitatively measurable consequence on success metrics at all.
    keywords: companies; company; data; effort; impact; performance; research; value
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        item: #317 of 407
          id: cjfa-48231
      author: Titilayo Salman, Ramat; Abogun, Segun
       title: Intellectual Capital and Market Performance of Nigerian Companies
        date: 2024
       words: 6492
      flesch: 45
     summary: Capital employed supports company intellectual capital to create value in the organization. Intellectual capital performance: An empirical investigation on Nigerian Bank, Abuja Journal of Banking & Finance. 4(2), 58-66.
    keywords: capital; capital efficiency; companies; company; efficiency; journal; market; market value; nigerian; performance; salman; study; value
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        item: #318 of 407
          id: cjfa-48232
      author: Sinha, Tanja
       title: The Role of Female Leadership in Times of Financial Crisis – an Analysis During the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2024
       words: 11343
      flesch: 61
     summary: First, as this is the most common risk indicator when talking about stock prices, the volatility in terms of standard deviation will be calculated, using: 𝜎𝜎� � � � ��� ∙ ∑ �𝑟𝑟�,� � 𝜇𝜇������� (3) First, as this is the most common risk indicator when talking about stock prices, the volatility in terms of standard deviation will be calculated, using: 𝜎𝜎� � � � ��� ∙ ∑ �𝑟𝑟�,� � 𝜇𝜇������� (3)
    keywords: risk; � ∙; � �; � 𝑉𝑉; � 𝛼𝛼; 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 �; 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 �; 𝑁𝑁 �; 𝑆𝑆𝑉𝑉 �; 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 �; 𝑝𝑝 �; 𝑟𝑟 �; 𝜎𝜎 �
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        item: #319 of 407
          id: cjfa-48748
      author: Ben Hassoun, Amira
       title: Auditor Choice and Peer Firms Similarity: the Case of Tunisian Firms
        date: 2024
       words: 6052
      flesch: 53
     summary: Extending the analysis, we examine factors that should enhance or decrease the association between peer firms similarity and sharing auditor in an emerg- ing economy. This study aims to investigate the as- sociation between peer firms similarity and the likelihood of sharing auditor.
    keywords: accounting; auditor; choice; client; firms; industry; information; peer; product; research; sample; similarity
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        item: #320 of 407
          id: cjfa-48749
      author: Harjanto, Karina
       title: The Analysis of Financial Reporting Quality and Firm Value
        date: 2024
       words: 9267
      flesch: 56
     summary: The first proxy is quality of accruals through the Ball-Shivakumar Model (AQ) (Martínez-Ferrero et al., 2015): ∆𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊�� � �� � ��𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,��� � ��𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,� � ��𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,��� � ��∆𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅�,� � ��𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑅𝑅�,� � ��𝐷𝐷𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,� � ��𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,� ∗ 𝐷𝐷𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,� � � �4� WCit:  The first proxy is quality of accruals through the Ball-Shivakumar Model (AQ) (Martínez-Ferrero et al., 2015): ∆𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊�� � �� � ��𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,��� � ��𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,� � ��𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,��� � ��∆𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅�,� � ��𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑅𝑅�,� � ��𝐷𝐷𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,� � ��𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,� ∗ 𝐷𝐷𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂�,� � � �4� WCit: 
    keywords: ∆𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 �; � ∆𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅; � �; � 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀; � 𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂; � 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑅𝑅; � 𝑇𝑇𝐷𝐷; � 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑀𝑀; 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 �; 𝐷𝐷𝑂𝑂𝑊𝑊𝑂𝑂 �; 𝑀𝑀 �
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        item: #321 of 407
          id: cjfa-48751
      author: Kumar, Adish; Gupta, Kapil
       title: Financialization and Dynamics of Currency Futures Market during COVID-19: Evidence from India
        date: 2024
       words: 6662
      flesch: 60
     summary: It may be due to the reason that during COVID-19 period, there was so much volatility in foreign portfolio investment (Figure 2), which created a spillover effect on equity futures market and it started following currency futures market and also there is difference in tim- ing of market operation. In a nutshell, study suggests that there is an evidence of financialization of currency futures market in India, which is not documented yet in literature to the best of author’s knowledge.
    keywords: cfr; covid-19; currency; currency futures; equity; exchange; futures; market; nfr; period; test
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        item: #322 of 407
          id: cjfa-48752
      author: Quadri, Yusuf Olamilekan; Omotosho, Ifedolapo Oluwasolape; Saheed, Daud Omotosho; Adio, Babatunde Abdullah
       title: Board Characteristics, Asset Quality and Financial Performance of Deposit Money Bank
        date: 2024
       words: 4392
      flesch: 51
     summary: Thus, the study also suggests that deposit money bank boards of directors be restructured in accordance with the corporate governance code and members of these boards should have diverse skills and experience to improve the finan- cial performance of these institutions. Board characteristics and bank performance in India.
    keywords: asset; banks; board; characteristics; deposit; journal; money; nigeria; performance; quality; study
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        item: #323 of 407
          id: cjfa-48754
      author: Veeravel, V.
       title: Short-term Persistence Performance of Equity Mutual Fund Returns: Evidence from India
        date: 2024
       words: 6449
      flesch: 70
     summary: 𝑅𝑅�� � 𝑅𝑅�� � 𝑎𝑎� � 𝛽𝛽��𝑅𝑅�� � 𝑅𝑅��� � 𝑒𝑒�� �1� where 𝑅𝑅�� represents the returns of the individual fund t; 𝑅𝑅�� refers to the market return; 𝑅𝑅�� presents risk-free returns; 𝑎𝑎� refers to Jensen’s alpha; and 𝛽𝛽� is the sensitivity coefficient of systematic risk; 𝑒𝑒�� is an error term. 𝑅𝑅�� � 𝑅𝑅�� � 𝑎𝑎� � 𝛽𝛽��𝑅𝑅�� � 𝑅𝑅��� � 𝑒𝑒�� �1� where 𝑅𝑅�� represents the returns of the individual fund t; 𝑅𝑅�� refers to the market return; 𝑅𝑅�� presents risk-free returns; 𝑎𝑎� refers to Jensen’s alpha; and 𝛽𝛽� is the sensitivity coefficient of systematic risk; 𝑒𝑒�� is an error term.
    keywords: equity; factor; funds; performance; � �; 𝐿𝐿𝑆𝑆𝐿𝐿 �; 𝑅𝑅 �; 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 �; 𝑊𝑊𝑆𝑆𝐿𝐿 �; 𝑎𝑎 �; 𝑒𝑒 �
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        item: #324 of 407
          id: cjfa-49831
      author: Ben Hassoun, Amira; Hadrich, Manel
       title: Does Tax Aggressiveness Lead to More Earnings Management: the Case of Tunisian Firms
        date: 2024
       words: 6566
      flesch: 54
     summary: This is the most prevalent model in earnings management studies. This is the most prevalent model in earnings management studies.
    keywords: accounting; aggressiveness; avoidance; earnings; earnings management; firms; journal; management; quality; size; tax; △ �; � △; � �
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        item: #325 of 407
          id: cjfa-49832
      author: Goldmann, Katarzyna; Zawadzki, Aleksander
       title: The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Polish IT Enterprises - Financial Sector Analysis
        date: 2024
       words: 6640
      flesch: 51
     summary: The determined statis- tical parameters show that the COVID-19 pandemic had a positive impact on the finan- cial situation of IT sector companies listed on the Stock Exchange. The obtained results indicate differences in the finan- cial situation of IT sector companies listed on the main market compared to the paral- lel market and an increase in the investment attractiveness of IT sector companies in the analyzed period.
    keywords: analysis; companies; enterprises; liquidity; market; median; pandemic; ratio; sector; sector companies; table
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        item: #326 of 407
          id: cjfa-49833
      author: Ibrahim, Rahji Ohize; Nageri, Kamaldeen Ibrahem
       title: Foreign Financial Flows on Financial Efficiency in Sub-Sahara African Countries
        date: 2024
       words: 10980
      flesch: 51
     summary: 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙�𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��,� � 𝜃𝜃�� � 𝜃𝜃��𝑙𝑙�,� � ��,� (4) 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙�𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹��,� � 𝜃𝜃�� � 𝜃𝜃��𝑙𝑙�,� � ��,� (4)
    keywords: countries; development; efficiency; fdi; growth; inflows; investment; percent; remittance; study; � �; � 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹; � 𝐹𝐹𝐺𝐺𝐹𝐹; � 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅; � 𝜃𝜃; 𝐹𝐹𝑅𝑅 �; 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺 �
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        item: #327 of 407
          id: cjfa-49835
      author: Potharla, Srikanth; Kolpula, Suman
       title: Board Independence and Earnings Stability: A Non-linear Perspective from Indian Companies
        date: 2024
       words: 5115
      flesch: 44
     summary: board independence and earnings stability: a non-linear perspective from indian companies Keywords: corporate governance, board independence, stability of earnings, non-line- ar approach, Indian companies. Abstract: This research examines the relationship between board independence and earnings stability in Indian companies.
    keywords: board; board independence; earnings; earnings stability; firm; independence; journal; performance; stability; study
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        item: #328 of 407
          id: cjfa-49836
      author: Shittu, Saheed Akande; Alagbe, Emmanuel Abiodun; Jimoh, Olushola Rasheed
       title: Tax Planning, Corporate Tax Avoidance and Real Earnings Management: GMM Approach in Nigeria
        date: 2024
       words: 6398
      flesch: 57
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2023.022 saHeed aKande sHittu* Federal Polytechnic Ayede emmanuel abiodun alagbe** LAUTECH, Ogbomoso olusHola rasHeed jimoH*** The Polytechnic Ibadan tax planning, corporate tax avoidance and real earnings management: gmm approacH in nigeria Keywords: tax planning, corporate tax avoidance, listed non-financial firms, real earn- ings management, Nigeria, GMM. Abstract: The study examines the effect of tax planning and corporate tax avoidance on Real Earnings Management (REM) in Nigeria.
    keywords: accounting; cta; earnings; earnings management; effect; firms; journal; management; nigeria; rem; shittu; study; tax; tax avoidance; tax planning
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        item: #329 of 407
          id: cjfa-50375
      author: .
       title: For Authors
        date: 2024
       words: 1184
      flesch: 26
     summary: for authors Peer Review ProcessPeer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #330 of 407
          id: cjfa-50376
      author: .
       title: Editorial pages
        date: 2024
       words: 787
      flesch: 50
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (mgr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła) fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2021: 100.00 list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Gaye Acikdilli, Abdullah Bugra Soylu Service Trust, Loyalty, and Satisfaction: Do Clients Prefer Insurance Firms or Agencies? UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla – La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: poland; poland prof; prof; spain; university
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        item: #331 of 407
          id: cjfa-52245
      author: Fidiana Fidiana
       title: Media Pressure and Carbon Disclosure of Indonesian Greenest Firms
        date: 2024
       words: 6115
      flesch: 43
     summary: The current study aims to empirically test carbon emission disclosure (CED) in developing countries such as Indonesia. Therefore, the various dimensions that can motivate carbon emissions disclosure have not yet received established statistical sup- port.
    keywords: carbon; carbon disclosure; climate; companies; company; disclosure; emissions; indonesia; legitimacy; media; performance; pressure; research
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        item: #332 of 407
          id: cjfa-52246
      author: Collins C Ngwakwe
       title: Differential Effect of Advertising Frequency on Sales Turnover and Ads to Sales Ratio
        date: 2024
       words: 6059
      flesch: 46
     summary: Advertising expenses features prominently as a vital element of operat- ing expenses in the accountant’s financial accounts and in some management accounting analysis (Mun & Jan, 2018; Enache & Srivastava, 2018; Matsuoka, 2020). However, accounting research seldom dwells on advertising expenses and the attendant ramifications on sales revenue.
    keywords: ads; advertising; amazon; effect; expenses; marketing; paper; ratio; sales; sales ratio; table
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        item: #333 of 407
          id: cjfa-52247
      author: Erika Pancenko; Marika Sakele
       title: Financing of New SMEs in Latvia – Opportunities and Obstacles
        date: 2024
       words: 7491
      flesch: 49
     summary: finanCing of nEw sMEs in latvia – oPPortunitiEs and oBstaClEs… 4747 To review the existing sources of financing for new SMEs in Latvia, the web- sites of the institutions that offer potential sources of financing and provide information on enterprise financing were analysed. Financing of New SMEs in Latvia – Opportunities and Obsta- cles.
    keywords: age; business; capital; development; enterprises; factors; finance; financing; latvia; new; obstacles; smes; sources
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        item: #334 of 407
          id: cjfa-52248
      author: Muhammed Kamaldeen Usman
       title: Sustainability Committee, Audit Firm Type and Corporate Sustainability Reporting of Non-Financial Firms in Nigeria
        date: 2024
       words: 5672
      flesch: 38
     summary: This was modified because the researcher focused on the relationship between corporate governance and business characteristics (board size, board independence, CEO duality, director’s shareholding, audit committee, firm age, firm growth, firm debt ratio and firm size) and sustainability reporting disclosure considering 2010-2013 annual reports of Taiwan 50 Index-listed companies which are different from this current study. The association between predictors and sustainability reporting practices in listed non-financial firms was elucidated through the interpretation of coeffi- cient values, t-values, and probability values (sig), which reveal both the direc- tion and strength of the relationships among the variables.
    keywords: audit; committee; companies; disclosure; firm; practices; reporting; reporting practices; study; sustainability; sustainability committee; sustainability reporting; type
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        item: #335 of 407
          id: cjfa-52249
      author: .
       title: Editorial pages
        date: 2024
       words: 783
      flesch: 48
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (dr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła) fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2021: 100.00 list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Anna Szelągowska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Amira Ben Hassoun Auditor Choice and Peer Firms Similarity: the Case of Tunisian Firms ............................. 9 Karina Harjanto The Analysis of Financial Reporting Quality and Firm Value ......................................... 27 Adish Kumar, Kapil Gupta Financialization and Dynamics of Currency Futures Market During COVID-19: Evidence from India ........................................................................................................... UMK, mgr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: economics; poland; prof; spain; university
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        item: #336 of 407
          id: cjfa-52250
      author: .
       title: For Authors
        date: 2024
       words: 1182
      flesch: 25
     summary: for autHors Peer Review ProcessPeer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #337 of 407
          id: cjfa-52951
      author: .
       title: For Authors
        date: 2024
       words: 1182
      flesch: 25
     summary: for autHors Peer Review ProcessPeer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #338 of 407
          id: cjfa-52952
      author: .
       title: Editorial pages
        date: 2024
       words: 807
      flesch: 46
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (dr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła) fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2022: 100.00 list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Janina Kotlińska, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Anna Szelągowska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Amira Ben Hassoun, Manel Hadrich Does Tax Aggressiveness Lead to More Earnings Management: the Case of Tunisian Firms .................................................................................................... 9 Katarzyna Goldmann, Aleksander Zawadzki The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Polish IT Enterprises – Financial Sector Analysis .................................................................................................... 27 Rahji Ohize Ibrahim, Kamaldeen Ibrahem Nageri Foreign Financial Flows on Financial Efficiency in Sub-Sahara African Countries ...... 49 Srikanth Potharla, Suman Kolpula Board Independence and Earnings Stability: A Non-linear Perspective from Indian Companies .......................................................................................................................... 73 Saheed Akande Shittu, Emmanuel Abiodun Alagbe, Olushola Rasheed Jimoh Tax Planning, Corporate Tax Avoidance and Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting e-ISSN: 2300-3065 p-ISSN: 2300-1240 Volume 12 Issue 4 2023 quarterly Editorial Board Editor in ChiEf: prof.
    keywords: economics; poland; prof; spain; university
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        item: #339 of 407
          id: cjfa-52953
      author: .
       title: For Authors
        date: 2024
       words: 1182
      flesch: 25
     summary: for authors Peer Review ProcessPeer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #340 of 407
          id: cjfa-52954
      author: .
       title: Editorial pages
        date: 2024
       words: 774
      flesch: 48
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (dr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła) fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2022: 100.00 list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Janina Kotlińska, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta
 Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Anna Szelągowska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Fidiana Fidiana Media Pressure and Carbon Disclosure of Indonesian Greenest Firms ......................... 9 Collins C Ngwakwe Differential Effect of Advertising Frequency on Sales Turnover and Ads to Sales Ratio ..................................................................................................................................... 27 Erika Pancenko, Marika Sakele Financing of New SMEs in Latvia – Opportunities and Obstacles ................................ Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting e-ISSN: 2300-3065 p-ISSN: 2300-1240 Volume 13 Issue 1 2024 quarterly Editorial Board Editor in ChiEf: prof.
    keywords: economics; poland; prof; spain; university
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        item: #341 of 407
          id: cjfa-56736
      author: Aissia, Dorsaf Ben; Chakroun, Alaa Eddine
       title: Study of the Performance and Determinants of Initial Coin Offering
        date: 2024
       words: 10200
      flesch: 59
     summary: Models of first-day returns: 𝑅𝑅�� � 𝐸𝐸 � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸20�� � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿�� � �� ∗ 𝐼𝐼𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺 𝑃𝑃𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝑃𝑃�� � ��� (1) 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸�� � 𝐸𝐸 � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸20�� � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿�� � �� ∗ 𝐼𝐼𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺 𝑃𝑃𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝑃𝑃�� � ��� (2) 𝑉𝑉𝐸𝐸�� � 𝐸𝐸 � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸20�� � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿�� � �� ∗ 𝐼𝐼𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺 𝑃𝑃𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝑃𝑃�� � ��� (3) (1) Methodology Our data is in the form of panel data, we try to apply the fixed effect or the random effect but because of the data we find we are obliged to use pool data. Models of first-day returns: 𝑅𝑅�� � 𝐸𝐸 � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸20�� � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿�� � �� ∗ 𝐼𝐼𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐿𝐿𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 𝑝𝑝𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝑝𝑝�� � ��� (1) 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸�� � 𝐸𝐸 � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸20�� � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿�� � �� ∗ 𝐼𝐼𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐿𝐿𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 𝑝𝑝𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝑝𝑝�� � ��� (2) 𝑉𝑉𝐸𝐸�� � 𝐸𝐸 � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸20�� � �� ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿�� � �� ∗ 𝐼𝐼𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐺𝐺𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 𝑃𝑃𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝑝𝑝�� � ��� (3) (3) study of thE PErformanCE and dEtErminants… 1313 Models of Time to market and delisting:Models of Time to market and delisting: Models of Time to market and delisting: 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑇𝑇𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡�� � 𝐶𝐶 � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑚𝑚𝑇𝑇 𝑆𝑆𝑇𝑇𝑆𝑆𝑇𝑇�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑚𝑚𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐶𝐶�� � ��� (4) 𝐷𝐷𝑇𝑇𝐷𝐷𝑇𝑇𝐷𝐷𝑡𝑡𝑇𝑇𝐷𝐷𝐿𝐿�� � 𝐶𝐶 � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑚𝑚𝑇𝑇 𝑆𝑆𝑇𝑇𝑆𝑆𝑇𝑇�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑚𝑚𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐶𝐶�� � ��� (5) Models of Nominal Return and ICO Gross Proceed: 𝑁𝑁𝑡𝑡𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝐷𝐷𝑚𝑚𝐷𝐷 𝑅𝑅𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑅𝑅𝑚𝑚𝐷𝐷�� � 𝐶𝐶 � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐶𝐶�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐼𝐼𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝐺𝐺𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑃𝑃𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑃𝑃 �� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅𝐶𝐶20�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ Major Cryptocurrencies�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐼𝐼𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝐷𝐷𝑅𝑅𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝐷𝐷�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝑈𝑈. 𝑆𝑆.𝐴𝐴 𝑅𝑅𝑇𝑇𝐷𝐷𝑡𝑡𝑚𝑚𝑇𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑡𝑡𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝐷𝐷�� ���� 𝐿𝐿𝐼𝐼𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝐺𝐺𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑃𝑃𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑃𝑃�� � 𝐶𝐶 � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐶𝐶�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐼𝐼𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝐺𝐺𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑃𝑃𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑃𝑃 �� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅𝐶𝐶20�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ Major Cryptocurrencies�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝐼𝐼𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝐷𝐷𝑅𝑅𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝐷𝐷�� � 𝛽𝛽� ∗ 𝑈𝑈. 𝑆𝑆.𝐴𝐴 𝑅𝑅𝑇𝑇𝐷𝐷𝑡𝑡𝑚𝑚𝑇𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑡𝑡𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝐷𝐷�� ���� (7)
    keywords: � ∗; � �; � 𝐶𝐶; � 𝐸𝐸; 𝐼𝐼𝐸𝐸𝐶𝐶 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺; 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐶𝐶 �; 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐸𝐸 �; 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 �; 𝑃𝑃𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝑟𝑟 �; 𝑅𝑅 �; 𝑆𝑆𝑇𝑇𝑆𝑆𝐿𝐿 �
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        item: #342 of 407
          id: cjfa-56739
      author: Babatunde, Abdullahi Adio
       title: Demand Side Factors and Financial Inclusion: The Mediating Role of Financial Self-efficacy
        date: 2024
       words: 5663
      flesch: 38
     summary: All of these factors can significantly shape financial self- efficacy and, consequently, impact financial inclusion as reported by Oke and Adamson (2023), Yangdol and Sarma (2019), Jappelli and Padula (2013), San- dEmand sidE faCtors and finanCial inClusion… 3131 ni, Oke and Alayande (2020), Orazi, Martinez and Vigier (2023) and Mose and Thomi (2021). These studies have investigated whether subjective norms ex- ert a direct or indirect impact on financial inclusion, and findings have varied dEmand sidE faCtors and finanCial inClusion… 3333 across different contexts.
    keywords: attitude; demand; efficacy; experience; factors; inclusion; journal; msmes; nigeria; norms; research; self; study
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        item: #343 of 407
          id: cjfa-56742
      author: Flah, Ines Ben
       title: Real Options Approach to the Pre-Closing Process of a Merger and Acquisition: An Exploratory Study in the French Context
        date: 2024
       words: 5733
      flesch: 52
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2024.007 ines ben flah* University of Tunis real options approach to the pre-closing process of a merger anD acquisition: an exploratory stuDy in the french context Keywords: real options, mergers and acquisitions, pre-closing process, exploratory study. On this basis, we will resume the main theoretical work concerning the optional approach in M&A. The applied research method aims to enrich and complete this literature by identify- ing the different types of real options related to M&A projects based on a qualitative and exploratory research study and carried out with experts involved in the French M&A market (investment bankers, merger and acquisition consultants, strategy advi- sor, financial transaction services manager and accounting experts).
    keywords: acquirer; acquisition; category; closing; m&a; options; phase; potential; process; target; value
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        item: #344 of 407
          id: cjfa-56743
      author: Oguntuase, Oluwaseun J.; Ajibare, Adedayo O.
       title: Quo Vadis Climate Transition Risk? A Literature Review and Recommendations
        date: 2024
       words: 7043
      flesch: 45
     summary: Top journals in climate risk transition Table 2 shows the top journals with climate transition risk publications. Oluwaseun J. Oguntuase, Adedayo O. Ajibare6868 Top journals in climate risk transitionTop journals in climate risk transition Table 2 shows the top journals with climate transition risk publications.
    keywords: authors; change; climate; climate risk; climate transition; compilation; economics; energy; finance; journal; policy; publications; research; risk; stability; table; transition risk
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        item: #345 of 407
          id: cjfa-56744
      author: Potharla, Srikanth
       title: Does Blockholders’ Concentration Influence Spending on Corporate Social Responsibility? – Evidence from the Indian Firms
        date: 2024
       words: 5978
      flesch: 42
     summary: Specifically, the influence of external blockholders on CSR spending is greater than that of promoters. This study addresses this gap by investigating the specific attributes of external blockholders, such as investment size, coalition strength, and con- testability, and their impact on CSR spending.
    keywords: blockholders; concentration; csr; csr spending; firms; impact; influence; ownership; spending; study
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        item: #346 of 407
          id: cjfa-56745
      author: Nya, Magloire Tchatchoua; Kemgni, Georgette Moyum; Djeudja, Rovier; Tzegouo, Marie Alvisse; Messie, Thierry
       title: Governance and Organizational Performance in the Era of Local and Regional Authorities in Sub-Saharan Africa: the Case of Cameroonian Municipalities
        date: 2024
       words: 6586
      flesch: 49
     summary: Theoretical approach to the influence of the personal characteristics Theoretical approach to the influence of the personal characteristics of communal actors and that of non-conventional regulation mechanisms of communal actors and that of non-conventional regulation mechanisms on the OP of the LRAson the OP of the LRAs Prud’homme (1995) and Bardhan (2002) consider that, because of the increase in the number of public decision-making units in a system of local governance in a context of decentralisation, local government officials can easily form priv- ileged relationships with local interest groups and will then be more exposed to pressure from the latter, which would lead to an increase in acts of trans- gression of the principles laid down. Article 14(1) of the Charter, which stipulates the principles of “transparency, accountability and ethical behaviour”, calls on governments and all those involved in local governance to put in place tools and mechanisms to make public action at local level more transparent.
    keywords: cameroon; communes; data; governance; level; lra; mechanisms; performance; results; transparency; variables; � �
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        item: #347 of 407
          id: cjfa-56748
      author: .
       title: For Authors
        date: 2024
       words: 1182
      flesch: 25
     summary: for authors Peer Review ProcessPeer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #348 of 407
          id: cjfa-56749
      author: .
       title: Editorial pages
        date: 2024
       words: 839
      flesch: 46
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (dr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła) fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2022: 100.00 list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Janina Kotlińska, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Anna Szelągowska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Dorsaf Ben Aissia, Alaa Eddine Chakroun Study of the Performance and Determinants of Initial Coin Offering ............................ 9 Abdullahi Adio Babatunde Demand Side Factors and Financial Inclusion: The Mediating Role of Financial Self-efficacy ................................................................................................... Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting e-ISSN: 2300-3065 p-ISSN: 2300-1240 Volume 13 Issue 2 2024 quarterly Editorial Board Editor in ChiEf: prof.
    keywords: economics; poland; poland prof; prof; spain; university
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        item: #349 of 407
          id: cjfa-57633
      author: Bhatt, Amola; Mehta, Bhoomi; Raval, Avani; Joshi, Nisarg
       title: An Inquiry Into the Effect of Working Capital Management on Firm Performance Using a Combined Approach of Bibliometric and Thematic Analysis
        date: 2025
       words: 6440
      flesch: 52
     summary: Co- pernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 13(3), 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2024.011 amola bhatt* Nirma University bhoomi mehta** Nirma University avani Raval*** Nirma University nisaRg Joshi**** Nirma University an inquiRy into the effect of woRking capital management on fiRm peRfoRmance using a combined appRoach of bibliometRic and thematic analysis Keywords: working capital, firm performance, bibliometric analysis, thematic analy- sis, operating cycle, profitability, firm value. Kieschnick, Laplante and Moussawi (2013) has studied the impact of WC management on shareholders’ wealth which is broader as compared to firm profitability.
    keywords: analysis; authors; business; capital; finance; financial; firm; impact; journal; management; performance; profitability; research; working
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        item: #350 of 407
          id: cjfa-57636
      author: Gao, Xiang (Gail); Sequeira, Emmanuel; Wu, Qifeng (Charles)
       title: The Impact of Female Executives on the Quality and Comparability of Financial Statements: Evidence from the U.S.
        date: 2025
       words: 11938
      flesch: 60
     summary: 𝐸𝐸�𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸���� � 𝛼𝛼^� � 𝛽𝛽^� ∗ 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅�� (3) Here, 𝐸𝐸�𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸���� refers to the predicted earnings of firm i, given the accounting function of i and return of firm i in quarter t. Also, 𝐸𝐸�𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸���� refers to the predicted earnings of firm i, given the firm j’s accounting function and return of firm i in quarter t. 𝐸𝐸�𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸���� � 𝛼𝛼^� � 𝛽𝛽^� ∗ 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅�� (3) Here, 𝐸𝐸�𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸���� refers to the predicted earnings of firm i, given the accounting function of i and return of firm i in quarter t. Also, 𝐸𝐸�𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸���� refers to the predicted earnings of firm i, given the firm j’s accounting function and return of firm i in quarter t.
    keywords: � ∗; � �; � 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸; 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 �; 𝐶𝐶𝑀𝑀 �; 𝐸𝐸 �; 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 �; 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 �; 𝑅𝑅𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅 �; 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 �; 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝐿𝐿 �; 𝑇𝑇𝑅𝑅 �
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        item: #351 of 407
          id: cjfa-57637
      author: Olumoh, Yusuf Alabi
       title: Accounting Controls and Quality of Financial Reporting
        date: 2025
       words: 6224
      flesch: 35
     summary: The results of the study reveal that both detective and corrective controls have a significant posi- tive effect on the financial reporting quality of MFBs in the area, while preventive con- trols do not exhibit a significant impact on financial reporting quality at a 5% level of significance. Improving these controls is crucial for enhancing financial reporting quality and transparency nationwide.
    keywords: accounting; accounting controls; banks; controls; detective; impact; institutions; journal; management; microfinance; nigeria; quality; reporting; reporting quality; research
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        item: #352 of 407
          id: cjfa-57638
      author: Otuya, Sunday
       title: Board Expertise, Female Gender Representation and Corporate Financial Misconduct in Nigeria: A Mediating Effect Analysis
        date: 2025
       words: 5292
      flesch: 45
     summary: Against this backdrop, we propose the following hypothesis: H3: Board female representation mediates the effect of board expertise on corporate financial misconduct. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2024.014 sunday otuya* Edwin Clark University boaRd eXpeRtise, female gendeR RepResentation and coRpoRate financial misconduct in nigeRia: a mediating effect analysis Keywords: board expertise, female representation, financial misconduct, liquidity.
    keywords: accounting; board; board expertise; effect; expertise; financial; firm; fraud; gender; journal; misconduct; representation; research; variable
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        item: #353 of 407
          id: cjfa-59248
      author: Aliyu, Ahmed Alhaji; Etudaiye-Muhtar, Oyebola Fatima
       title: Financial Market Development and Export Earnings in Nigeria
        date: 2025
       words: 6817
      flesch: 46
     summary: There- fore, it was concluded that financial market development through financial market ac- cess, efficiency, and stability has a significant impact on export earnings in Nigeria. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2024.015 ahmed alhaji aliyu* University of Ilorin oyebola fatima etudaiye-muhtar** University of Ilorin financial market development and export earnings in nigeria Keywords: financial markets, export earnings, Stock Market Volatility, economy.
    keywords: development; earnings; export; export earnings; financial; market; nigeria; rate; relationship; study; test; variables; � ∑; � �; � 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹
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        item: #354 of 407
          id: cjfa-59249
      author: Borowski-Beszta, Mikołaj; Polasik, Michał; Meler, Andrzej; Borowska-Beszta, Anna
       title: NFC, Wearables and QR Code in POS Payments: Determinants of Adoption of the Leading Mobile Payment Technologies in Europe
        date: 2025
       words: 11114
      flesch: 64
     summary: The study examined NFC mobile payments, wearables payments, and QR code payments, to determine the potential for development in the European mar- ket. This work analyz- es two main categories of mobile payments: NFC mobile payments (made using smartphones and wearable devices) and mobile payments with QR codes.
    keywords: beszta; borowski; code; contactless; mobile; model; nfc; payments; polasik; research; technology; use; variables; wearables
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        item: #355 of 407
          id: cjfa-59252
      author: Ilelaboye, Charles Segun; Alade, Muyiwa Ezekiel
       title: Monitoring Activities and Non Performing Loans of Financial Institutions in Nigeria
        date: 2025
       words: 5814
      flesch: 44
     summary: Audit Quality and Non-Performing LoansAudit Quality and Non-Performing Loans Various studies have shown convergent and divergent views on how audit qual- ity, through the use of Big 4 audit firms affects non-performing loans of finan- cial institutions. Monitoring Activities and Non-Performing Loans of Financial Institutions in Nigeria.
    keywords: audit; audit quality; banks; board; effect; financial; independence; institutions; loans; monitoring; nigeria; npls; quality
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        item: #356 of 407
          id: cjfa-59253
      author: Ngwakwe, Collins C.
       title: Effectiveness of Open, High and Low Prices in Stock Market Price Prediction
        date: 2025
       words: 5658
      flesch: 52
     summary: However, out of the existing research, only few, such as Collins C. Ngwakwe8080 Enow (2022), has used a combination of the open, high, and low prices to meas- ure their prediction effect on stock market price in six markets. This implies that in the absence of other market information, private or pub- lic, which may affect stock market price, the open, high, and low prices can be utilized by stock market participants, investors, and portfolio managers in pre- dicting the market price.
    keywords: index; low; market; market price; prediction; price; regression; results; stock; table
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        item: #357 of 407
          id: cjfa-59254
      author: Salman, Ramat Titilayo; Abdulsalam-Gambari, Aisha
       title: Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance of Listed Oil & Gas Companies in Nigeria
        date: 2025
       words: 5217
      flesch: 44
     summary: Intellectual capital performance: an empirical investigation of Nigerian banks. Abstract: Intellectual capital is a driving force of performance of many organizations worldwide.
    keywords: capital; companies; efficiency; firms; gas; human; nigeria; oil; performance; value
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        item: #358 of 407
          id: cjfa-59255
      author: Singh, Geeta
       title: Do Foreign Institutional Investors impact Compliance with CSR Expenditure Regulation? Evidence from India
        date: 2025
       words: 5547
      flesch: 57
     summary: Using a sample of 1,423 listed firms, we employ OLS and Logit regression models to establish that an increase in the FIIs reduces the extent of non-compliance with mandatory CSR expenditure and the likelihood of such non- compliance. It is a continuous variable, measured as the difference of mandatory CSR expenditure and actual CSR expenditure as N_CSR.
    keywords: compliance; csr; csr expenditure; expenditure; fiis; firms; investors; non; variable
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        item: #359 of 407
          id: cjfa-60779
      author: none
       title: For Authors
        date: 2025
       words: 1182
      flesch: 26
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #360 of 407
          id: cjfa-60780
      author: none
       title: Editorial Pages
        date: 2025
       words: 797
      flesch: 47
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (dr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła) fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2023: 100.00 list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Janina Kotlińska, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta
 Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Anna Szelągowska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Amola Bhatt, Bhoomi Mehta, Avani Raval, Nisarg Joshi An Inquiry Into the Effect of Working Capital Management on Firm Performance Using a Combined Approach of Bibliometric and Thematic Analysis ........................... 9 Xiang (Gail) Gao, Emmanuel Sequeira, Qifeng (Charles) Wu The Impact of Female Executives on the Quality and Comparability of Financial Statements: Evidence from the U.S. ............................................................ UMK, dr Anna Olewnik-Dejewska sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla – La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: economics; poland; prof; spain; university
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        item: #361 of 407
          id: cjfa-62736
      author: none
       title: For Authors
        date: 2025
       words: 1182
      flesch: 25
     summary: for authors Peer Review ProcessPeer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #362 of 407
          id: cjfa-62737
      author: none
       title: Editorial Pages
        date: 2025
       words: 829
      flesch: 47
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (dr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła) fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2023: 100.00 list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Janina Kotlińska, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Dr Dariusz Pauch, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Anna Szelągowska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Ahmed Alhaji Aliyu, Oyebola Fatima Etudaiye-Muhtar Financial Market Development and Export Earnings in Nigeria ..................................... 9 Mikołaj Borowski-Beszta, Michał Polasik, Andrzej Meler, Anna Borowska-Beszta NFC, Wearables and QR Code in POS Payments: Determinants of Adoption of the Leading Mobile Payment Technologies in Europe ............................................. UMK sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla – La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: economics; poland; prof; spain; university
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        item: #363 of 407
          id: cjfa-63095
      author: Abd-Allah, Mustafa Hussein; Mohamed, Khloud Magdy Khalaf; Mahmood, Maryam Safwat Mohammed; Mohamed, Nada Nour Sayed
       title: Herding Behaviour and Stock Market Efficiency: An Empirical Study in the Egyptian Stock Market
        date: 2025
       words: 11741
      flesch: 53
     summary: Through the model, herding behavior can be estimated by logarithm Cross Sectional Standard Deviation of Betas Log [ 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆�(𝛽𝛽���� )], and to measure herding behavior, the following steps have been followed: Calculating the daily stock return as well as the daily EGX 100 return by using the following equations: Daily stock return 𝑅𝑅��= ������������� )1 ( Where 𝑅𝑅�� represents the return of stock i on day t, while 𝑃𝑃� and 𝑃𝑃��� denote the closing prices of stock i on days t and t-1, respectively. Through the model, herding behavior can be estimated by logarithm Cross Sectional Standard Deviation of Betas Log [ 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆�(𝛽𝛽���� )], and to measure herding behavior, the following steps have been followed: Calculating the daily stock return as well as the daily EGX 100 return by using the following equations: Daily stock return 𝑅𝑅��= ������������� )1 ( Where 𝑅𝑅�� represents the return of stock i on day t, while 𝑃𝑃� and 𝑃𝑃��� denote the closing prices of stock i on days t and t-1, respectively.
    keywords: parameter �; ℎ �; � =; � �; 𝐸𝐸 �; 𝐻𝐻 �; 𝑃𝑃 �; 𝑅𝑅 �; 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 �; 𝑟𝑟 �; 𝛽𝛽 �; 𝜂𝜂 �; 𝜑𝜑 �
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        item: #364 of 407
          id: cjfa-63100
      author: Gureje, Goodnews Kolawole; Okpala, Okwy Peter; Oboh, Collins Sankay
       title: Determinants of Audit Fees among Insurance Firms in Nigeria
        date: 2025
       words: 6394
      flesch: 51
     summary: The study also concluded that client firm size, complexity, and profitability of an insurance firm do not significantly influence the fees charged by audit firms as audit fees. The results suggest that audit firm size is a significant determinant of audit fees, as client firm size, complexity, and profitability did not significantly im- pact audit fees.
    keywords: audit; audit fees; client; complexity; determinants; firm; insurance; nigeria; profitability; size; study; variables
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        item: #365 of 407
          id: cjfa-63101
      author: Narh, Philomina Maku; Dzitse, Collins Dodzi
       title: Financial Inclusion Towards Financial Stability in Ghana: Insights from Quantile Regression Analysis
        date: 2025
       words: 7200
      flesch: 48
     summary: Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 14(1), 47– 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2025.003 PHiloMina MaKu narH* University of Cape Coast collins dodzi dzitse** Renmin University of China FINANCIAL INCLUSION TOWARDS FINANCIAL STABILITY IN GHANA: INSIGHTS FROM QUANTILE REGRESSION ANALYSIS Keywords: financial inclusion, financial stability, cointegration quantile regression, Ghana. However, while financial inclusion is often linked to economic re- silience and stability, as it can broaden access to financial services and reduce vulner- ability, its direct, quantifiable impact, particularly at different quantile levels, remains largely untested in the sub-Saharan African context.
    keywords: analysis; ardl; bank; financial; ghana; hypothesis; inclusion; quantile; regression; relationship; stability; statistic; table; variables; � �; 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 �
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        item: #366 of 407
          id: cjfa-63111
      author: Potharla, Srikanth
       title: Bridging Disclosure Gaps: The Role of Institutional Investors in Contingent Liabilities Reporting by Indian Listed Companies
        date: 2025
       words: 4735
      flesch: 30
     summary: The analysis focuses on firms reporting contingent liabilities and having institutional investor ownership data available. Drawing on agency, stakeholder, and resource dependence theories, this research analyzes how institutional investors reduce infor- mation asymmetry and enhance corporate transparency.
    keywords: cld; contingent; disclosure; firms; investors; liabilities; ownership; stakeholder; transparency
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        item: #367 of 407
          id: cjfa-63113
      author: Reuthlinger, Eva; Sinha, Tanja
       title: Impact Investing from an European Perspective – Do Good and Earn Money?
        date: 2025
       words: 7300
      flesch: 41
     summary: The findings show that impact portfolios yield the highest returns, without sacrificing financial performance when integrating sustainability criteria that go beyond the clas- sical ESG investing. ; impact portfolios were constructed from the MSCI ACWI Sustainable Impact Index, containing companies whose core business addresses global social or environmental chal- lenges and promotes the SDGs (MSCI, 2024a).
    keywords: conventional; diversification; esg; eur; impact; impact investing; impact portfolio; investing; investments; markowitz; naive; performance; portfolio; returns; risk
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        item: #368 of 407
          id: cjfa-65790
      author: none
       title: For Authors
        date: 2025
       words: 1182
      flesch: 25
     summary: for autHors Peer Review ProcessPeer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #369 of 407
          id: cjfa-65791
      author: none
       title: Editorial Pages
        date: 2025
       words: 815
      flesch: 47
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (dr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła) fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2023: 100.00 list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Janina Kotlińska, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Anna Szelągowska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Mustafa Hussein Abd-Allah, Khloud Magdy Khalaf Mohamed, Maryam Safwat Mohammed Mahmood, Nada Nour Sayed Mohamed Herding Behavior and Stock Market Efficiency: An Empirical Study in the Egyptian Stock Market ......................................................................................................................... 9 Goodnews Kolawole Gureje, Okwy Peter Okpala, Collins Sankay Oboh Determinants of Audit Fees among Insurance Firms in Nigeria .................................... UMK, dr Maciej Chodziński sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla – La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: economics; poland; prof; spain; university
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        item: #370 of 407
          id: cjfa-65812
      author: Ben Flah, Ines; Lajmi, Azhaar
       title: The Role of the Working Capital Structure in Financing Innovation: Evidence from the Eastern European Countries
        date: 2025
       words: 5955
      flesch: 53
     summary: Product innovation is affected by WCS. The main conclusions of this research high- light the importance of working capital as a funding resource for innovation activities.
    keywords: activities; bank; capital; companies; credit; financing; firms; innovation; products; r&d; research; working
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        item: #371 of 407
          id: cjfa-65813
      author: Krysiak, Zbigniew
       title: Stock Prices Volatility as an Input to the Economic Assessment of the Nuclear Power Plant in the Real Option Method
        date: 2025
       words: 5412
      flesch: 41
     summary: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2025.008 zbIgnIew KrysIaK* Warsaw School of Economics STOCK PRICES VOLATILITY AS AN INPUT TO THE ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT IN THE REAL OPTION METHOD Keywords: exchange traded funds, nuclear assets, Monte Carlo simulation, real op- tions, volatility, regression analysis, nuclear power plant, small modular reactors, high- temperature gas-cooled reactors. 150 entities involved in the provision of products and services for nuclear power plants and simultaneous production of heat and electricity based on nuclear energy.
    keywords: activity; companies; energy; etf; nua; plants; power; prices; sector; share; stock; volatility
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        item: #372 of 407
          id: cjfa-65815
      author: Shanbhag, Sanjay; Quddus, Kamran
       title: Cross-sectional Predictability of Indian Stock Returns: A Factor Analytical Approach
        date: 2025
       words: 7762
      flesch: 63
     summary: For risk factors, we use the Connor and Korajczyk’s (1988) (CK) approach to extract principal components risk factors from the covariance matrix of security returns. We investigate the persistence of statistical significance of these firm char- acteristics after accounting for risk factors.
    keywords: factor; fama; finance; firm; journal; model; pricing; returns; risk; stock; � �
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        item: #373 of 407
          id: cjfa-65816
      author: Zahid, Rehan
       title: Corporate Governance and Capital Structure
        date: 2025
       words: 5381
      flesch: 44
     summary: In previous literature, limited evidence is available to determine the asso- ciation between board structure and capital structure. Corporate board and capital structure dynamics in Nigerian listed firms.
    keywords: board; capital; capital structure; debt; decisions; directors; firm; governance; journal; research; size; structure
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        item: #374 of 407
          id: cjfa-66584
      author: Dziawgo, Tomasz
       title: Regulatory Technology (Reg Tech) as an enhancement of compliance processes in financial institutions
        date: 2025
       words: 6357
      flesch: 33
     summary: Among research questions are: What are the current advantages and risks of adopting Reg Tech solutions in financial institutions? In this context, Reg Tech solutions have gained recognition as innovative tools to transform how compliance is managed, leveraging latest technologies to help organizations meet regulato- ry obligations more efficiently and effectively.
    keywords: banking; compliance; data; industry; institutions; reg; reg tech; regulators; reporting; risk; solutions; stability; sup; tech; technology
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        item: #375 of 407
          id: cjfa-67211
      author: none
       title: For Authors
        date: 2025
       words: 1182
      flesch: 25
     summary: for authors Peer Review ProcessPeer Review Process The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publica- tion in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2 June 2015 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #376 of 407
          id: cjfa-67212
      author: none
       title: Editorial pages
        date: 2025
       words: 795
      flesch: 47
     summary: +48 56 611 40 10 kontakt@umk.pl, www.umk.pl Print: Drukarnia WN UMK Editorial offiCE Gagarina 13a, 87-100 Toruń phone: + 48 56 611 46 34 (dr Agnieszka Żołądkiewicz-Kuzioła) fax: +48 56 654 24 93 cjfa@umk.pl, www.cjfa.umk.pl ICV 2023: 100.00 list of rEviEwErs Prof. Domagoja Buljan Barbača, University of Split, Croatia Prof. Francesca Bartolacci, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Jasna Bogovac, University of Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Andrzej Buszko, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Prof. José Raúl Canay-Pazos, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Nicola Giuseppe Castellano, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Andrzej Cwynar, University of Economics and Innovation, Poland Prof. Catherine Deffains-Crapsky, Université d’Angers, France Prof. Cristina Gânescu, Constantin Brâncoveanu din Pitești, Romania Prof. Jerzy Gierusz, Gdansk University, Poland Prof. Dirk Kiesewetter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany Prof. Jan Koleśnik, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Natalia Konovalova, RISEBA University, Riga, Latvia Prof. Janina Kotlińska, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland Prof. Zbigniew Krysiak, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nicoletta Marinelli, University of Macerata, Italy Prof. Astrida Miceikienė, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania Prof. Lyudmila Mihaylova, University of Ruse, Bulgaria Prof. Ewa Miklaszewska, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Emil Papazov, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. Ángel Peiró Signes, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Adalmiro Pereira, Politécnico do Porto, Portugal Prof. Wojciech Piotrowicz, University of Oxford, Great Britain Prof. Francisco Sánchez del Cubo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Prof. Maria del Val Segarra-Oña, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Prof. Anna Szelągowska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Prof. Nirundon Tapachai, Kasetsart University, Thailand Prof. Waldemar Tarczyński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Yolanda Trujillo-Adria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Prof. Jan Turyna, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. Joanna Wielgórska-Leszczyńska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland table of contents Ines Ben Flah, Azhaar Lajmi The Role of the Working Capital Structure in Financing Innovation: Evidence from the Eastern European Countries ............................................................... 9 Tomasz Dziawgo Regulatory Technology (Reg Tech) as an Enhancement of Compliance Processes in Financial Institutions ........................................................................................................ UMK, dr Maciej Chodziński sCiEntifiC CounCil Prof. Mustafa Akan, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Gordon Chang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Prof. Sandra Isabel Goncalves da Saude, Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal Prof. Luis Otero González, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Prof. Christiane Goodfellow, Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven, Germany Prof. Günter Hofbauer, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Business School, Ingolstadt, Germany Prof. Rytis Krušinskas, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Prof. Monika Marcinkowska, University of Lodz, Poland Prof. Juan-Antonio Mondéjar-Jiménez, Universidad de Castilla – La Mancha, Spain Prof. David Naranjo-Gil, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain Prof. Stanisław Owsiak, Cracow University of Economics, Poland Prof. Wiesława Przybylska-Kapuścińska, WSB University in Poznań, Poland Prof. Małgorzata Zaleska, Warsaw School of Economics, Poland S t a t
    keywords: economics; poland; prof; spain; university
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        item: #377 of 407
          id: cjfa-7387
      author: Dziawgo, Leszek
       title: Introduction
        date: 2015
       words: 153
      flesch: 37
     summary: Society and Economy expect from us, that modern science will be more en- gaged in creating more human, but also economically effective better World. Meeting public expectations is exactly what our scientific challenge is.
    keywords: solutions
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        item: #378 of 407
          id: cjfa-7401
      author: Bahçe, Abdullah Burhan; Gümüş, Öner
       title: A Solution To Eradicate Jobless Growth: Meritocracy
        date: 2015
       words: 5831
      flesch: 58
     summary: In this study, the significance of meritocracy in eradication jobless growth will be emphasized and some examples related to develo- ping countries will be given, and from this perspective some proposals will be presen- ted to figure jobless growth problem out by creating a meritocratic system. In terms of jobless growth, from 2008 to 2009 while growth rate increases, the employment rate will be almost fixed, meaning that jobless growth problem occurred in Japan.
    keywords: economic; economy; employment; growth; labor; level; meritocracy; rate; system; workers
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        item: #379 of 407
          id: cjfa-7403
      author: Çoban, Orhan; Üstündaĝ, Emıne; Çoban, Ayşe
       title: The Structural Analysis Of Construction Sector Of Turkey And Its Effect On The Selected Macroeconomic Indicators
        date: 2015
       words: 5924
      flesch: 55
     summary: When construction sector itself is excluded, in case that the demand to the products THE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF CONSTRUCTION SECTOR… 39 of construction sector increases by 100 units, in the first nine sectors provid- ing the most input to the sector, a production increase of 57.61 units emerge (157.69 – 100.08). http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2015.002 ORHAN ÇOBAN * Selcuk University, Department of Economics ** Selcuk University, Department of Economics *** Selcuk University, Vocational School of Social Sciences THE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF CONSTRUCTION SECTOR OF TURKEY AND ITS EFFECT ON THE SELECTED MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS Keywords: construction sector, economic indicators, Turkey.
    keywords: construction; construction sector; demand; economy; employment; growth; increase; linkages; production; sector; total
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        item: #380 of 407
          id: cjfa-7404
      author: Fiedorczuk, Julita
       title: Sustainable Development in Norway on the example of Government Pension Fund Global
        date: 2015
       words: 3291
      flesch: 43
     summary: The Fund is a resilient executor and promot- er of sustainable development concept. In the ranking of the World Economic Forum in 2005 in terms of sustainable development index Norway took second place (Angel 2013, 22).
    keywords: concept; development; fund; global; government; norway; pension; state; world
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        item: #381 of 407
          id: cjfa-7405
      author: Jaworek, Małgorzata; Kuzel, Marcin
       title: Transnational Corporations in the World Economy: Formation, Development and Present Position
        date: 2015
       words: 4736
      flesch: 50
     summary: FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND PRESENT POSITION Keywords: transnational corporations (TNCs), multinational firms, international busi- ness, foreign direct investment (FDI), global economy. The discussion in the second part focuses on defining the role that transnational corporations play in the world economy.
    keywords: corporations; economy; global; international; role; states; table; tncs; united; value; world
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        item: #382 of 407
          id: cjfa-7406
      author: Karimov, Rovshan; Dargahov, Vugar
       title: Study of profitability of organization of tourism routes (on the example of Sheki-Zagatala Economic Region of Azerbaijan)
        date: 2015
       words: 3469
      flesch: 46
     summary: Due to this activity, based on corporative interests, tourism companies may gain additional income as well as agitate the Sheki-Zagatala as tourism region. As for the tourism routes in Sheki-Zagatala, first of all, it should be noted that there are some problems concerning the organization of local tours, faced by companies.
    keywords: region; routes; sheki; tourism; tourists; tours; zagatala
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        item: #383 of 407
          id: cjfa-7407
      author: Kasperowicz - Stępień, Alicja
       title: The fiscal challenges of Polish integration with the euro area
        date: 2015
       words: 3672
      flesch: 48
     summary: Improper design of fiscal rules, the politicization of their use and inade- quate identification of the national authorities with the European rules. 2010). The introduction of solutions to increase the role of fiscal rules in the fi- scal policy of the Member States, including solutions that aim to increase the identification of the authorities of the Member States with introdu- IV.
    keywords: area; deficit; euro; expenditure; gdp; introduction; polish; rules; tax
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        item: #384 of 407
          id: cjfa-7408
      author: Kerlin, Jakub; Maksymiuk, Anna
       title: Comparative analysis of the bail-in tool
        date: 2015
       words: 4080
      flesch: 42
     summary: What is important is that it allowed for continuity of critical functions of financial institutions as well as shifting part of the recapitalization costs to bank creditors. Abstract: The article aims to analyse selected components of one of the tools of orderly restructuring and liquidation of financial institutions, namely the conversion of equity or debt write-down tool (bail-in).
    keywords: analysis; bail; bank; creditors; financial; haircut; institutions; resolution; tool
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        item: #385 of 407
          id: cjfa-7409
      author: Konovalova, Natalia; Zarembo, Julia
       title: Imbalanced Liquidity Risk Management: Evidence from Latvian and Lithuanian Commercial Banks
        date: 2015
       words: 7196
      flesch: 51
     summary: To achieve the aim of this research the following objectives are solved: to study theoretical aspects of commercial banks liquidity and to deter- mine the factors that influence it; to clarify the reasons for commercial banks liquidity problems; to make a comparative liquidity analysis between Latvian and Lithu- anian commercial banks; to ascertain the risk levels of an imbalanced liquidity; to study Basel III regarding the management of commercial banks’ liqu- idity; to work out some suggestions for „Lats” banks in Latvia and Lithuania that could increase efficiency of liquidity management. The short-term resource transfor- mation into the long-term assets threatens bank liquidity, and as a result, can lead to the bank insolvency.
    keywords: assets; banks; lats; latvian; liquidity; liquidity risk; resources; risk; term; term assets; term resources
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        item: #386 of 407
          id: cjfa-7410
      author: Kościelniak, Helena; Skowron-Grabowska, Beata; Łęgowik-Świącik, Sylwia; Łęgowik-Małolepsza, Małgorzata
       title: The analysis of the capacity of the selected measures of decision-making models in companies
        date: 2015
       words: 5124
      flesch: 47
     summary: Tools and measures of the assessment of selection alternatives of decision- making may not only support decision-making processes in the assessment of regularities of use of the possessed resources and achievement of the assumed objectives but also they should enable the formation of model solutions. Studies are designed to show the main parts of the decision-making pro- cess in researches companies.
    keywords: altman; analysis; assets; decision; making; model; ratio; value
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        item: #387 of 407
          id: cjfa-7411
      author: Sá e Silva, Eduardo; Pereira, Adalmiro Andrade
       title: Credit risk measures – a case of renewable energy companies
        date: 2015
       words: 3298
      flesch: 50
     summary: The use of risk assessment models more sensitive to credit risk, allowing the determination of capital requirements more closely aligned with the potential economic loss that may occur in the bank’s assets; 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2015.010 EDUARDO SÁ E SILVA* Polytechnic Institute of Porto ADALMIRO ANDRADE PEREIRA** Polytechnic Institute of Porto CREDIT RISK MEASURES – A CASE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY COMPANIES Keywords: credit risk, rating, banking, renewable energies.
    keywords: approach; bank; case; credit; default; irb; model; risk
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        item: #388 of 407
          id: cjfa-7412
      author: Stępień, Konrad
       title: Estimated values: the provisions and the write-downs of assets as tools to manipulate financial results of enterprises
        date: 2015
       words: 4948
      flesch: 42
     summary: As a rule, the effect of the impairment loss is a cost, and therefore a write down of assets value. In accordance with the accounting practices, impairment losses may result : loss of asset value, valuation of assets according to specific parameters1.
    keywords: accounting; assets; company; downs; provisions; value; write
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        item: #389 of 407
          id: cjfa-7414
      author: Świetla, Katarzyna
       title: Risk in providing accounting services in the context of new regulations regarding liability insurance (OC) in Poland
        date: 2015
       words: 4069
      flesch: 33
     summary: Among those present in Poland one should indicate, among others: BNP Paribas, which offers clearing and IT services, Brown Brothers Harrimann – corporate banking services, investment management, consulting on mergers and acquisitions, asset manage- ment, investment services, technical customer support, Euroclear – operational consulting in the field of after-sales services, HSBC – involved in the credit card services, customer service, financial operations, debt management, HR services, and payment support, State Street offers investment fund accounting, valuation of business as- sets (including securities), valuation of index funds and other derivative instruments, investment analysis, funds maintenance, operations support, risk analysis, and HR services; IT services: software development, quality control, production support, systems analysis and IT risk analysis, sales customer support for Bank Pekao S.A (ABSL 2013a, ABSL 2013b, The area of operation of these entities and their global offer is a derivative of reducing the barriers to international trade in accounting services (White 2001). Risk in the operation of accounting firms Type of risk Factors determining threats Market unmatched service offer to customer expectations, too few customers, an increase in the number of accounting firms due to the deregulation of bookkeeping services, Operational human error, incorrect operating system, poor work organization, improper distribution of tasks, ignorance of the laws, ignorance of customer expectations Reputation errors in customer service, lack of timeliness, ignorance of new regulations, lack of ethics, Legal conducting activities beyond the framework of existing legislation, legislative risk, the risk of an erroneous interpretation, risk of litigation, Credit force majeure, natural disasters, loss of customers, inadequate investments, economic crisis, Tax ignorance of the laws and the interpretation of tax regulations by the accountant, mal- functioning computer programs, erroneous preparation of tax return forms, Customer insolvency customer – or customer group – resignation from services without payment, Employee cost hiring incompetent employees, too many employees, 180 Type of risk Factors determining threats Penal and fiscal liabili- ty, collective entity obligation to pay penalties and reparations in the event of error being the fault of the accounting firm, Liquidity.
    keywords: accounting; accounting services; customer; documents; entities; insurance; liability; risk; services
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        item: #390 of 407
          id: cjfa-7415
      author: ., .
       title: For Authors
        date: 2015
       words: 1044
      flesch: 26
     summary: CJFA_1_2015_przed_drukiem.pdf FOR AUTHORS The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publi- cation in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guideli- nes of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 29 May 2013 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: finance; journal
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        item: #391 of 407
          id: cjfa-7416
      author: ., .
       title: Editorial Pages
        date: 2015
       words: 513
      flesch: 63
     summary: Jan Turyna, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warsaw University, Poland Poland Dr Tomáš Heryán, Silesian University, School of Business Administration, Czech Republic C o v e r D e s i g n : The primary version of the Journal is the on-line version (www.cjfa.umk.pl), however the Journal is available both in print and electronic form. CJFA_1_2015_przed_drukiem.pdf Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting e-ISSN: 2300-3065 p-ISSN: 2300-1240 Volume 4 Issue 1 2015 biannual Nicolaus Copernicus University EDITORIAL BOARD EDITOR IN CHIEF: prof.
    keywords: prof
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        item: #392 of 407
          id: cjfa-8192
      author: Dziawgo, Leszek
       title: Introduction
        date: 2015
       words: 237
      flesch: 54
     summary: introduction Taking advantage of excellent opportunity – challenges still ahead The latest edition of ”Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting” confirms our growing position in the world of the international science. More and more scientists from many countries have accepted our invitation for cooperation as Authors and Readers.
    keywords: science
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        item: #393 of 407
          id: cjfa-8193
      author: Al-Hajieh, Heitham; AlNemer, Hashem; Rodgers, Timothy; Niklewski, Jacek
       title: Forecasting the Jordanian stock index: modelling asymmetric volatility and distribution effects within a GARCH framework
        date: 2015
       words: 9649
      flesch: 59
     summary: The specification for the conditional variance is: ��� ��� � � � [� � ����]��[� � ����]������� [3] where ����� � ����� ���� ������ � ��[|��| � �|��|]����������� ��������� ������ The log specification implies that the asymmetric effect is exponential, rather than quadratic, and that forecasts of the conditional variance that are generated are non- negative. The specification for the conditional variance is: ��� ��� � � � [� � ����]��[� � ����]������� [3] where ����� � ����� ���� ������ � ��[|��| � �|��|]����������� ��������� ������ The log specification implies that the asymmetric effect is exponential, rather than quadratic, and that forecasts of the conditional variance that are generated are non- negative.
    keywords: distribution; garch; model; student; t t; volatility; | �; � |; � �
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        item: #394 of 407
          id: cjfa-8194
      author: Çelıkkol, Hakan; Köse, Fatma
       title: SWOT analysis of Turkish Energy Market in the context of Electricity Market in the context of electricity market
        date: 2015
       words: 6394
      flesch: 51
     summary: Electricity market is composed of spot market that consists of day ahead market and balancing market, bilateral agreements and futures market. Electricity market is divided into three by the new Electricity Market Law: The first is spot market operated by EPİAŞ, the second is balancing power market directed by TEİAŞ and the third one is the derivative markets operated by BİST (Karagöl and Mıhçıokur 2013).
    keywords: ahead; day; electricity; electricity market; energy; energy market; epi̇aş; license; market; sector; structure; time; turkey
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        item: #395 of 407
          id: cjfa-8195
      author: Çelikkol, Mediha Mine; Çelikkol, Hakan
       title: The evaluation of the students in Dumlupinar University Vocational School of Social sciences about levels of financial literacy
        date: 2015
       words: 6546
      flesch: 54
     summary: H2: There is a statistically significant difference between the program that they take education variable and financial literacy level. The evaluation of the students in dumlupinar university… 45 Literature review Financial literacy today is an important element of financial stability and de- velopment, and a global key success factor.
    keywords: difference; education; information; level; literacy; money; people; research; school; students; study; table; university
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        item: #396 of 407
          id: cjfa-8196
      author: Ciechan-Kujawa, Marlena
       title: Professional financial and accounting services in the light of European Union directives and the deregulation of professions in Poland – current status and research needs
        date: 2015
       words: 4766
      flesch: 40
     summary: The differences in regulatory approaches generally result from a clear distinction between audit services and accounting services as well as from different perceptions of independence, quality and verification (Commission 2013, 18). Researchers explain the lack of significant observed changes in the strategy of service providers by high de- mand for accounting services currently delivered (Tabone, Baldacchino 2003; Chung, Narasimhan 2001) and by oligopolistic behaviours of audit firms, such as collusions or imitations (Moizer, Turley 1989).
    keywords: accounting; accounting services; audit; business; changes; deregulation; european; impact; market; professions; quality; services
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        item: #397 of 407
          id: cjfa-8197
      author: Czerwonka, Monika
       title: The exploration of disposition effect among business undergraduates in Poland
        date: 2015
       words: 4341
      flesch: 54
     summary: The exploration of disposition effect among business undergraduates in Poland. Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 4(2), 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/ CJFA.2015.017 Monika Czerwonka* Institute of Finance, Warsaw School of Economics the exploration of disposition effeCt aMong business undergraduates in poland Keywords: behavioral finance, disposition effect, experimental study.
    keywords: behavioral; disposition; disposition effect; effect; finance; losses; price; stocks
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        item: #398 of 407
          id: cjfa-8198
      author: Kozlovska, Ieva
       title: The impact of long-lived non-financial assets depreciation/amortization method on financial statements
        date: 2015
       words: 6350
      flesch: 45
     summary: Opinions expressed by foreign researchers are that depreciation/ amorti- zation expense is informative about company’s depreciation policy and depre- ciation/ amortization methods have significant influence over investment de- cisions taken by company’s management and shareholders. The impact of long-lived non-financial assets depreciation/ amortization method on financial statements. Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 4(2), 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2015.018 Ieva KozlovsKa* Riga Business School the Impact of long-lIved non-fInancIal assets deprecIatIon/amortIzatIon method on fInancIal statements Keywords: non-financial long-lived assets, depreciation method, amortization me- thod, accounting policy, financial statements.
    keywords: accounting; amortization; amortization method; assets; author; companies; company; depreciation; economic; financial; journal; management; method; research
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        item: #399 of 407
          id: cjfa-8199
      author: Peršić, Milena; Bakija, Katarina; Vlašić, Dubravka
       title: Framework for improving quality and comparability of non-financial reporting system
        date: 2015
       words: 6345
      flesch: 33
     summary: Accounting information system as a source of sustainability information, should systematically respond to new sustainability management require- ments, and provide framework for benchmarking, and for evaluating how sus- tainability strategies are performed. IT support for accounting information system in hospitali- ty industry.
    keywords: accounting; business; companies; croatian; development; directive; framework; hospitality; information; management; peršić; reporting; sustainability; system
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        item: #400 of 407
          id: cjfa-8200
      author: Procházka, David
       title: Lobbying on the IASB Standards: An analysis of the Lobbyists’ Behaviour over Period 2006–2014
        date: 2015
       words: 5110
      flesch: 50
     summary: Number of comments letters: descriptive statistics Major projects The re- sults show that the IASB inclines to succumb to the pressure of lobbying parties if the lobbying is quite massive (in terms of number comment letters submit- ted) in relation to other projects.
    keywords: accounting; analysis; comment; iasb; letters; lobbying; projects; standards
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        item: #401 of 407
          id: cjfa-8201
      author: Redo, Magdalena
       title: The importance of prudential regulations in the process of transmitting monetary policy to economy
        date: 2015
       words: 5345
      flesch: 48
     summary: It was also indicated by them that FED in the 90’s of the 20th century led the monetary policy according to the afore- mentioned theory and lowered interest rates more significantly in the situa- tion of bank shock; at the same time, it weakened the pro-cyclical character of bank regulations introduced in the 80’s, contrastively to the policies of central banks in Germany or Japan in the 80’s. Bank regulation and the credit crunch.
    keywords: bank; basel; capital; channel; credit; economic; loans; policy; prudential; regulations; risk
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        item: #402 of 407
          id: cjfa-8202
      author: Sitorus, Tigor
       title: The Study of Risk-Weighted Assets on the Effects of Loan Exposure Valuation towards Credit Default (an empirical study on middle and top local banks listed in Indonesia stock exchange period 2008–2012)
        date: 2015
       words: 5669
      flesch: 58
     summary: The variable of this research is risk- weighted assets (RWA), more specifically every balance sheet assets and off- balance sheet that give the appropriate weight levels of credit risk inherent in every account. Banks are exposed to credit risk due to the nature of their lending-based business while the bank’s debt and capital ratio is highly leveraged.
    keywords: assets; bank; credit; credit default; default; effect; exposure; loan; loan exposure; model; research; risk; study
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        item: #403 of 407
          id: cjfa-8203
      author: Tampu, Diana Larisa
       title: Human motivation and corporate governance
        date: 2015
       words: 8548
      flesch: 48
     summary: M – Mediator; c’ – The effect that the dependent variable has on the independent variable through the mediator; �� Random variable: is the error model; It is estimated that the coefficient “a”, to be the effect of the independent variable on the mediator: � �� �� � �� � �� (3) �� Random variable: is the error model; The result is the indirect or the mediated effect. M – Mediator; c’ – The effect that the dependent variable has on the independent variable through the mediator; �� Random variable: is the error model; It is estimated that the coefficient “a”, to be the effect of the independent variable on the mediator: � �� �� � �� � �� (3) �� Random variable: is the error model; The result is the indirect or the mediated effect.
    keywords: effect; error; governance; mediation; mediator; model �; motivation; test; variable; � c; � �
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        item: #404 of 407
          id: cjfa-8204
      author: Zaremba, Adam
       title: The January seasonality and the performance of country-level value and momentum strategies
        date: 2015
       words: 5690
      flesch: 62
     summary: Thus, our null hypothesis is: H0: the country-level value and momentum strategies have equal returns in De- cember and January, with the alternative hypothesis assuming the contrary: H1: the country-level value and momentum strategies do not have equal returns in December and January. First, the zero-portfolios from sorts on earnings-to-price ratios have are positive returns that significantly differ from 0 only in the net approach.
    keywords: country; december; effect; january; journal; level; momentum; performance; returns; strategies; value
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        item: #405 of 407
          id: cjfa-8205
      author: Žylius, Gediminas
       title: Evaluation of ATM Cash Demand Process Factors Applied for Forecasting with CI Models
        date: 2015
       words: 16106
      flesch: 59
     summary: Where ���� ��� is defined as kernel function and � is model weight vector. Where ���� ��� is defined as kernel function and � is model weight vector.
    keywords: atm; cash; cash flow; flow; forecasting; function; layer; model; number; training; year; | �; � |; � �
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        item: #406 of 407
          id: cjfa-8206
      author: ., .
       title: For Authors
        date: 2015
       words: 1124
      flesch: 29
     summary: The procedures governing the review process of articles submitted for publi- cation in the Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting meets the guidelines of the Announcement of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 29 May 2013 on the criteria and evaluation of scientific journals. Articles submitted for publication should be original and not published any- where before and should not be the subject of any qualification procedure for publication in any other journal of any other publisher.
    keywords: accounting; finance; journal
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        item: #407 of 407
          id: cjfa-8238
      author: ., .
       title: Editorial pages
        date: 2015
       words: 924
      flesch: 53
     summary: Waldemar Tarczyński, Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Szczecin University, Poland Prof. Titular Gerard Olivar Tost, National University of Colombia, Colombia Prof. Siniša Zarić, Ph.D., University of Belgrade, Serbia Prof. dr hab. Jan Turyna, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warsaw University, Poland Prof. dr hab.
    keywords: hab; poland; prof; university
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