id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
cte-838	1	1	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	1	2	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	1	3	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	1	4	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	1	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	1	6	review	review	NOUN
cte-838	1	7	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	1	8	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	1	9	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	1	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	1	11	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	1	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	1	13	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	1	14	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	1	15	12	12	NUM
cte-838	1	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	1	17	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	1	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	2	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	2	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	2	3	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	2	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	2	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	2	6	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	2	7	a	a	DET
cte-838	2	8	review	review	NOUN
cte-838	2	9	serhiy	serhiy	NOUN
cte-838	2	10	o.	o.	PROPN
cte-838	2	11	semerikov1,2,3,4,5	semerikov1,2,3,4,5	NOUN
cte-838	2	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	13	iryna	iryna	NOUN
cte-838	2	14	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	2	15	mintii6,3,1,4,7,8,5	mintii6,3,1,4,7,8,5	PROPN
cte-838	2	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	2	17	natalia	natalia	PROPN
cte-838	2	18	v.	v.	ADP
cte-838	2	19	moiseienko1	moiseienko1	PROPN
cte-838	2	20	1kryvyi	1kryvyi	NUM
cte-838	2	21	rih	rih	VERB
cte-838	2	22	state	state	NOUN
cte-838	2	23	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	2	24	university	university	NOUN
cte-838	2	25	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	26	54	54	NUM
cte-838	2	27	universytetskyi	universytetskyi	ADJ
cte-838	2	28	ave	ave	PROPN
cte-838	2	29	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	2	30	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	31	kryvyi	kryvyi	PROPN
cte-838	2	32	rih	rih	VERB
cte-838	2	33	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	34	50086	50086	NUM
cte-838	2	35	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	36	ukraine	ukraine	NOUN
cte-838	2	37	2kryvyi	2kryvyi	PROPN
cte-838	2	38	rih	rih	VERB
cte-838	2	39	national	national	ADJ
cte-838	2	40	university	university	NOUN
cte-838	2	41	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	42	11	11	NUM
cte-838	2	43	vitalii	vitalii	NOUN
cte-838	2	44	matusevych	matusevych	PROPN
cte-838	2	45	str	str	PROPN
cte-838	2	46	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	2	47	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	48	kryvyi	kryvyi	PROPN
cte-838	2	49	rih	rih	VERB
cte-838	2	50	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	51	50027	50027	NUM
cte-838	2	52	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	53	ukraine	ukraine	NOUN
cte-838	2	54	3institute	3institute	NUM
cte-838	2	55	for	for	ADP
cte-838	2	56	digitalisation	digitalisation	NOUN
cte-838	2	57	of	of	ADP
cte-838	2	58	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	2	59	of	of	ADP
cte-838	2	60	the	the	DET
cte-838	2	61	naes	naes	PROPN
cte-838	2	62	of	of	ADP
cte-838	2	63	ukraine	ukraine	NOUN
cte-838	2	64	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	65	9	9	NUM
cte-838	2	66	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	2	67	berlynskoho	berlynskoho	NOUN
cte-838	2	68	str	str	PRON
cte-838	2	69	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	2	70	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	71	kyiv	kyiv	PROPN
cte-838	2	72	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	73	04060	04060	NUM
cte-838	2	74	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	75	ukraine	ukraine	NOUN
cte-838	2	76	4zhytomyr	4zhytomyr	NUM
cte-838	2	77	polytechnic	polytechnic	ADJ
cte-838	2	78	state	state	NOUN
cte-838	2	79	university	university	NOUN
cte-838	2	80	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	81	103	103	NUM
cte-838	2	82	chudnivsyka	chudnivsyka	NOUN
cte-838	2	83	str	str	NOUN
cte-838	2	84	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	2	85	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	86	zhytomyr	zhytomyr	PROPN
cte-838	2	87	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	88	10005	10005	NUM
cte-838	2	89	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	90	ukraine	ukraine	NOUN
cte-838	2	91	5academy	5academy	NUM
cte-838	2	92	of	of	ADP
cte-838	2	93	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	2	94	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	2	95	natural	natural	ADJ
cte-838	2	96	sciences	science	NOUN
cte-838	2	97	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	98	54	54	NUM
cte-838	2	99	universytetskyi	universytetskyi	ADJ
cte-838	2	100	ave	ave	PROPN
cte-838	2	101	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	2	102	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	103	kryvyi	kryvyi	PROPN
cte-838	2	104	rih	rih	VERB
cte-838	2	105	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	106	50086	50086	NUM
cte-838	2	107	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	108	ukraine	ukraine	PROPN
cte-838	2	109	6university	6university	NUM
cte-838	2	110	of	of	ADP
cte-838	2	111	łódź	łódź	NOUN
cte-838	2	112	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	113	68	68	NUM
cte-838	2	114	gabriela	gabriela	PROPN
cte-838	2	115	narutowicza	narutowicza	PROPN
cte-838	2	116	str	str	PROPN
cte-838	2	117	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	2	118	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	119	90	90	NUM
cte-838	2	120	-	-	SYM
cte-838	2	121	136	136	NUM
cte-838	2	122	łódź	łódź	NOUN
cte-838	2	123	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	124	poland	poland	PROPN
cte-838	2	125	7lviv	7lviv	PROPN
cte-838	2	126	polytechnic	polytechnic	ADJ
cte-838	2	127	national	national	ADJ
cte-838	2	128	university	university	NOUN
cte-838	2	129	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	130	12	12	NUM
cte-838	2	131	stepana	stepana	PROPN
cte-838	2	132	bandery	bandery	PROPN
cte-838	2	133	str	str	PROPN
cte-838	2	134	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	2	135	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	136	lviv	lviv	PROPN
cte-838	2	137	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	138	79000	79000	NUM
cte-838	2	139	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	140	ukraine	ukraine	NOUN
cte-838	2	141	8kremenchuk	8kremenchuk	NUM
cte-838	2	142	mykhailo	mykhailo	ADJ
cte-838	2	143	ostrohradskyi	ostrohradskyi	ADJ
cte-838	2	144	national	national	ADJ
cte-838	2	145	university	university	NOUN
cte-838	2	146	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	147	20	20	NUM
cte-838	2	148	university	university	NOUN
cte-838	2	149	str	str	NOUN
cte-838	2	150	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	2	151	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	152	kremenchuk	kremenchuk	PROPN
cte-838	2	153	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	154	39600	39600	NUM
cte-838	2	155	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	2	156	ukraine	ukraine	ADJ
cte-838	2	157	abstract	abstract	NOUN
cte-838	2	158	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	3	1	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	3	2	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	3	3	constitutes	constitute	VERB
cte-838	3	4	a	a	DET
cte-838	3	5	significant	significant	ADJ
cte-838	3	6	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	3	7	within	within	ADP
cte-838	3	8	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	3	9	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	3	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	3	11	offering	offer	VERB
cte-838	3	12	a	a	DET
cte-838	3	13	unique	unique	ADJ
cte-838	3	14	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	3	15	to	to	ADP
cte-838	3	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	3	17	based	base	VERB
cte-838	3	18	on	on	ADP
cte-838	3	19	formal	formal	ADJ
cte-838	3	20	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	3	21	rather	rather	ADV
cte-838	3	22	than	than	ADP
cte-838	3	23	conventional	conventional	ADJ
cte-838	3	24	imperative	imperative	ADJ
cte-838	3	25	instructions	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	3	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	4	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	4	2	review	review	NOUN
cte-838	4	3	examines	examine	VERB
cte-838	4	4	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
cte-838	4	5	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	4	6	for	for	ADP
cte-838	4	7	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	4	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	4	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	4	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	4	11	spanning	span	VERB
cte-838	4	12	various	various	ADJ
cte-838	4	13	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	4	14	including	include	VERB
cte-838	4	15	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	4	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	4	17	answer	answer	VERB
cte-838	4	18	set	set	VERB
cte-838	4	19	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	4	20	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	4	21	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	4	22	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	4	23	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	4	24	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	4	25	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	4	26	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	4	27	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	4	28	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	4	29	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	4	30	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	4	31	clp	clp	PROPN
cte-838	4	32	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	4	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	5	1	through	through	ADP
cte-838	5	2	a	a	DET
cte-838	5	3	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cte-838	5	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cte-838	5	5	of	of	ADP
cte-838	5	6	literature	literature	NOUN
cte-838	5	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	5	8	we	we	PRON
cte-838	5	9	identify	identify	VERB
cte-838	5	10	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	5	11	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	5	12	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	5	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	5	14	common	common	ADJ
cte-838	5	15	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
cte-838	5	16	faced	face	VERB
cte-838	5	17	by	by	ADP
cte-838	5	18	educators	educator	NOUN
cte-838	5	19	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	5	20	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	5	21	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	5	22	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	5	23	emerging	emerge	VERB
cte-838	5	24	trends	trend	NOUN
cte-838	5	25	in	in	ADP
cte-838	5	26	instructional	instructional	ADJ
cte-838	5	27	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	5	28	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	6	1	our	our	PRON
cte-838	6	2	findings	finding	NOUN
cte-838	6	3	reveal	reveal	VERB
cte-838	6	4	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	6	5	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	6	6	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	6	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	6	8	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	6	9	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	6	10	based	base	VERB
cte-838	6	11	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	6	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	6	13	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	6	14	with	with	ADP
cte-838	6	15	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	6	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	6	17	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	6	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	6	19	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	6	20	contextual	contextual	ADJ
cte-838	6	21	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	6	22	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	6	23	based	base	VERB
cte-838	6	24	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	6	25	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	6	26	the	the	DET
cte-838	6	27	most	most	ADJ
cte-838	6	28	promise	promise	NOUN
cte-838	6	29	for	for	ADP
cte-838	6	30	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cte-838	6	31	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	6	32	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
cte-838	6	33	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	6	34	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	6	35	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	7	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
cte-838	7	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	7	3	we	we	PRON
cte-838	7	4	explore	explore	VERB
cte-838	7	5	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	7	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	7	7	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	7	8	to	to	ADP
cte-838	7	9	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	7	10	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	7	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	7	12	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	7	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	7	14	related	relate	VERB
cte-838	7	15	to	to	ADP
cte-838	7	16	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	7	17	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	7	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	7	19	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	7	20	motivational	motivational	ADJ
cte-838	7	21	issues	issue	NOUN
cte-838	7	22	that	that	PRON
cte-838	7	23	affect	affect	VERB
cte-838	7	24	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	7	25	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	7	26	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cte-838	7	27	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	8	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	8	2	review	review	NOUN
cte-838	8	3	offers	offer	VERB
cte-838	8	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cte-838	8	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	8	6	based	base	VERB
cte-838	8	7	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
cte-838	8	8	for	for	ADP
cte-838	8	9	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
cte-838	8	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	8	11	identifies	identify	VERB
cte-838	8	12	promising	promise	VERB
cte-838	8	13	directions	direction	NOUN
cte-838	8	14	for	for	ADP
cte-838	8	15	future	future	ADJ
cte-838	8	16	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	8	17	in	in	ADP
cte-838	8	18	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	8	19	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	8	20	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	8	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	9	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
cte-838	9	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	9	3	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	9	4	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	9	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	9	6	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	9	7	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	9	8	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	9	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	9	10	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	9	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	9	12	answer	answer	VERB
cte-838	9	13	set	set	VERB
cte-838	9	14	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	9	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	9	16	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	9	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	9	18	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	9	19	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	9	20	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	9	21	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	9	22	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	9	23	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	9	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	9	25	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	9	26	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	9	27	1	1	NUM
cte-838	9	28	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	10	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cte-838	10	2	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	10	3	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	10	4	represents	represent	VERB
cte-838	10	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	10	6	distinct	distinct	ADJ
cte-838	10	7	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	10	8	within	within	ADP
cte-838	10	9	the	the	DET
cte-838	10	10	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cte-838	10	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	10	12	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	10	13	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	10	14	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	10	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	10	16	diverging	diverge	VERB
cte-838	10	17	significantly	significantly	ADV
cte-838	10	18	from	from	ADP
cte-838	10	19	the	the	DET
cte-838	10	20	imperative	imperative	ADJ
cte-838	10	21	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	10	22	object	object	NOUN
cte-838	10	23	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	10	24	oriented	orient	VERB
cte-838	10	25	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	10	26	that	that	PRON
cte-838	10	27	dominate	dominate	VERB
cte-838	10	28	mainstream	mainstream	NOUN
cte-838	10	29	curricula	curricula	NOUN
cte-838	10	30	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	11	1	founded	found	VERB
cte-838	11	2	on	on	ADP
cte-838	11	3	principles	principle	NOUN
cte-838	11	4	of	of	ADP
cte-838	11	5	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
cte-838	11	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	11	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	11	8	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	11	9	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	11	10	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	11	11	order	order	NOUN
cte-838	11	12	predicate	predicate	NOUN
cte-838	11	13	calculus	calculus	NOUN
cte-838	11	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	11	15	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	11	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	11	17	enables	enable	VERB
cte-838	11	18	problemsolving	problemsolve	VERB
cte-838	11	19	through	through	ADP
cte-838	11	20	declaration	declaration	NOUN
cte-838	11	21	of	of	ADP
cte-838	11	22	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	11	23	rather	rather	ADV
cte-838	11	24	than	than	ADP
cte-838	11	25	specification	specification	NOUN
cte-838	11	26	of	of	ADP
cte-838	11	27	control	control	NOUN
cte-838	11	28	flow	flow	NOUN
cte-838	11	29	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	12	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	12	2	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
cte-838	12	3	shift	shift	NOUN
cte-838	12	4	in	in	ADP
cte-838	12	5	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cte-838	12	6	presents	present	NOUN
cte-838	12	7	unique	unique	ADJ
cte-838	12	8	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	12	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	12	10	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
cte-838	12	11	for	for	ADP
cte-838	12	12	both	both	DET
cte-838	12	13	educators	educator	NOUN
cte-838	12	14	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	12	15	learners	learner	NOUN
cte-838	12	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	13	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	13	2	distinct	distinct	ADJ
cte-838	13	3	nature	nature	NOUN
cte-838	13	4	of	of	ADP
cte-838	13	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	13	6	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	13	7	warrants	warrant	NOUN
cte-838	13	8	careful	careful	ADJ
cte-838	13	9	consideration	consideration	NOUN
cte-838	13	10	of	of	ADP
cte-838	13	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	13	12	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	13	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	14	1	as	as	ADP
cte-838	14	2	hanus	hanus	NOUN
cte-838	14	3	[	[	X
cte-838	14	4	22	22	NUM
cte-838	14	5	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	14	6	notes	note	NOUN
cte-838	14	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	14	8	the	the	DET
cte-838	14	9	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	14	10	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	14	11	requires	require	VERB
cte-838	14	12	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	14	13	to	to	PART
cte-838	14	14	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	14	15	alternative	alternative	ADJ
cte-838	14	16	ways	way	NOUN
cte-838	14	17	of	of	ADP
cte-838	14	18	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	14	19	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	14	20	–	–	PUNCT
cte-838	14	21	focusing	focus	VERB
cte-838	14	22	on	on	ADP
cte-838	14	23	what	what	PRON
cte-838	14	24	needs	need	VERB
cte-838	14	25	to	to	PART
cte-838	14	26	�	�	PROPN
cte-838	14	27	0000	0000	NUM
cte-838	14	28	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	14	29	0003	0003	NUM
cte-838	14	30	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	14	31	0789	0789	NUM
cte-838	14	32	-	-	SYM
cte-838	14	33	0272	0272	NUM
cte-838	14	34	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	14	35	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	14	36	o.	o.	PROPN
cte-838	14	37	semerikov	semerikov	PROPN
cte-838	14	38	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	14	39	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	15	1	0000	0000	NUM
cte-838	15	2	-	-	SYM
cte-838	15	3	0003	0003	NUM
cte-838	15	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	15	5	3586	3586	NUM
cte-838	15	6	-	-	SYM
cte-838	15	7	4311	4311	NUM
cte-838	15	8	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	15	9	i.	i.	PROPN
cte-838	15	10	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	15	11	mintii	mintii	PROPN
cte-838	15	12	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	15	13	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	15	14	0000	0000	NUM
cte-838	15	15	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	15	16	0002	0002	NUM
cte-838	15	17	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	15	18	3559	3559	NUM
cte-838	15	19	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	15	20	6081	6081	NUM
cte-838	15	21	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	15	22	n.	n.	NOUN
cte-838	15	23	v.	v.	ADP
cte-838	15	24	moiseienko	moiseienko	NOUN
cte-838	15	25	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	15	26	#	#	NOUN
cte-838	15	27	semerikov@gmail.com	semerikov@gmail.com	NOUN
cte-838	15	28	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	15	29	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	15	30	o.	o.	PROPN
cte-838	15	31	semerikov	semerikov	PROPN
cte-838	15	32	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	15	33	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	15	34	mintii@iitlt.gov.ua	mintii@iitlt.gov.ua	PROPN
cte-838	15	35	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	15	36	i.	i.	PROPN
cte-838	15	37	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	15	38	mintii	mintii	PROPN
cte-838	15	39	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	15	40	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	15	41	n.v.moiseenko@gmail.com	n.v.moiseenko@gmail.com	X
cte-838	15	42	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	15	43	n.	n.	NOUN
cte-838	15	44	v.	v.	ADP
cte-838	15	45	moiseienko	moiseienko	PROPN
cte-838	15	46	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	15	47	~	~	PUNCT
cte-838	15	48	https://kdpu.edu.ua/semerikov	https://kdpu.edu.ua/semerikov	PRON
cte-838	15	49	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	15	50	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	15	51	o.	o.	PROPN
cte-838	15	52	semerikov	semerikov	PROPN
cte-838	15	53	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	15	54	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	15	55	https://acnsci.org/mintii/	https://acnsci.org/mintii/	X
cte-838	15	56	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	15	57	i.	i.	PROPN
cte-838	15	58	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	15	59	mintii	mintii	PROPN
cte-838	15	60	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	15	61	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	15	62	https://kdpu.edu.ua/personal/nvmoiseienko.html	https://kdpu.edu.ua/personal/nvmoiseienko.html	X
cte-838	15	63	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	15	64	n.	n.	NOUN
cte-838	15	65	v.	v.	ADP
cte-838	15	66	moiseienko	moiseienko	PROPN
cte-838	15	67	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	15	68	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	15	69	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	15	70	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	16	1	©	©	ADP
cte-838	16	2	copyright	copyright	NOUN
cte-838	16	3	for	for	ADP
cte-838	16	4	this	this	DET
cte-838	16	5	article	article	NOUN
cte-838	16	6	by	by	ADP
cte-838	16	7	its	its	PRON
cte-838	16	8	authors	author	NOUN
cte-838	16	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	16	10	published	publish	VERB
cte-838	16	11	by	by	ADP
cte-838	16	12	the	the	DET
cte-838	16	13	academy	academy	NOUN
cte-838	16	14	of	of	ADP
cte-838	16	15	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	16	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	16	17	natural	natural	ADJ
cte-838	16	18	sciences	science	NOUN
cte-838	16	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	17	1	this	this	PRON
cte-838	17	2	is	be	AUX
cte-838	17	3	an	an	DET
cte-838	17	4	open	open	ADJ
cte-838	17	5	access	access	NOUN
cte-838	17	6	article	article	NOUN
cte-838	17	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
cte-838	17	8	under	under	ADP
cte-838	17	9	the	the	DET
cte-838	17	10	terms	term	NOUN
cte-838	17	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	17	12	the	the	DET
cte-838	17	13	creative	creative	ADJ
cte-838	17	14	commons	common	NOUN
cte-838	17	15	license	license	NOUN
cte-838	17	16	attribution	attribution	NOUN
cte-838	17	17	4.0	4.0	NUM
cte-838	17	18	international	international	NOUN
cte-838	17	19	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	17	20	cc	cc	NOUN
cte-838	17	21	by	by	ADP
cte-838	17	22	4.0	4.0	NUM
cte-838	17	23	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	17	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	17	25	which	which	PRON
cte-838	17	26	permits	permit	VERB
cte-838	17	27	unrestricted	unrestricted	ADJ
cte-838	17	28	use	use	NOUN
cte-838	17	29	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	17	30	distribution	distribution	NOUN
cte-838	17	31	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	17	32	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	17	33	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
cte-838	17	34	in	in	ADP
cte-838	17	35	any	any	DET
cte-838	17	36	medium	medium	NOUN
cte-838	17	37	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	17	38	provided	provide	VERB
cte-838	17	39	the	the	DET
cte-838	17	40	original	original	ADJ
cte-838	17	41	work	work	NOUN
cte-838	17	42	is	be	AUX
cte-838	17	43	properly	properly	ADV
cte-838	17	44	cited	cite	VERB
cte-838	17	45	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	18	1	399	399	NUM
cte-838	18	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	18	3	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0789-0272	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0789-0272	NOUN
cte-838	18	4	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3586-4311	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3586-4311	NOUN
cte-838	18	5	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3559-6081	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3559-6081	PROPN
cte-838	18	6	mailto:semerikov@gmail.com	mailto:semerikov@gmail.com	PROPN
cte-838	18	7	mailto:mintii@iitlt.gov.ua	mailto:mintii@iitlt.gov.ua	NOUN
cte-838	18	8	mailto:n.v.moiseenko@gmail.com	mailto:n.v.moiseenko@gmail.com	PROPN
cte-838	18	9	https://kdpu.edu.ua/semerikov	https://kdpu.edu.ua/semerikov	PROPN
cte-838	19	1	https://acnsci.org/mintii/	https://acnsci.org/mintii/	PRON
cte-838	19	2	https://kdpu.edu.ua/personal/nvmoiseienko.html	https://kdpu.edu.ua/personal/nvmoiseienko.html	PROPN
cte-838	19	3	https://acnsci.org/cte	https://acnsci.org/cte	NOUN
cte-838	19	4	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en	ADV
cte-838	19	5	https://acnsci.org	https://acnsci.org	PROPN
cte-838	19	6	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	19	7	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	19	8	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	19	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	19	10	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	19	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	19	12	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	19	13	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	19	14	12	12	NUM
cte-838	19	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	19	16	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	19	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	20	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	20	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	20	3	be	be	AUX
cte-838	20	4	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
cte-838	20	5	rather	rather	ADV
cte-838	20	6	than	than	ADP
cte-838	20	7	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	20	8	to	to	PART
cte-838	20	9	accomplish	accomplish	VERB
cte-838	20	10	it	it	PRON
cte-838	20	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	21	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	21	2	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
cte-838	21	3	reorientation	reorientation	NOUN
cte-838	21	4	demands	demand	VERB
cte-838	21	5	specialized	specialized	ADJ
cte-838	21	6	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	21	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	21	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	22	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
cte-838	22	2	its	its	PRON
cte-838	22	3	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
cte-838	22	4	elegance	elegance	NOUN
cte-838	22	5	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	22	6	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	22	7	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	22	8	in	in	ADP
cte-838	22	9	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cte-838	22	10	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	22	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	22	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	22	13	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	22	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	22	15	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	22	16	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	22	17	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	22	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	22	19	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	22	20	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	22	21	often	often	ADV
cte-838	22	22	occupies	occupy	VERB
cte-838	22	23	a	a	DET
cte-838	22	24	marginal	marginal	ADJ
cte-838	22	25	position	position	NOUN
cte-838	22	26	in	in	ADP
cte-838	22	27	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	22	28	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	22	29	curricula	curricula	PROPN
cte-838	22	30	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	23	1	hynek	hynek	ADJ
cte-838	23	2	[	[	X
cte-838	23	3	25	25	NUM
cte-838	23	4	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	23	5	observes	observe	VERB
cte-838	23	6	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	23	7	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	23	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	23	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	23	10	acquired	acquire	VERB
cte-838	23	11	a	a	DET
cte-838	23	12	firm	firm	ADJ
cte-838	23	13	place	place	NOUN
cte-838	23	14	within	within	ADP
cte-838	23	15	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	23	16	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	23	17	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	23	18	decades	decade	NOUN
cte-838	23	19	ago	ago	ADV
cte-838	23	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	23	21	the	the	DET
cte-838	23	22	rapid	rapid	ADJ
cte-838	23	23	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	23	24	of	of	ADP
cte-838	23	25	new	new	ADJ
cte-838	23	26	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	23	27	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	23	28	has	have	AUX
cte-838	23	29	pushed	push	VERB
cte-838	23	30	it	it	PRON
cte-838	23	31	away	away	ADV
cte-838	23	32	from	from	ADP
cte-838	23	33	the	the	DET
cte-838	23	34	forefront	forefront	NOUN
cte-838	23	35	of	of	ADP
cte-838	23	36	widely	widely	ADV
cte-838	23	37	utilized	utilize	VERB
cte-838	23	38	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	23	39	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	23	40	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	24	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
cte-838	24	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	24	3	questions	question	NOUN
cte-838	24	4	arise	arise	VERB
cte-838	24	5	regarding	regard	VERB
cte-838	24	6	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	24	7	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	24	8	to	to	ADP
cte-838	24	9	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	24	10	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	24	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	24	12	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	24	13	its	its	PRON
cte-838	24	14	place	place	NOUN
cte-838	24	15	within	within	ADP
cte-838	24	16	modern	modern	ADJ
cte-838	24	17	computing	computing	NOUN
cte-838	24	18	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	24	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	25	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	25	2	review	review	NOUN
cte-838	25	3	examines	examine	VERB
cte-838	25	4	current	current	ADJ
cte-838	25	5	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	25	6	to	to	ADP
cte-838	25	7	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	25	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	25	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	25	10	across	across	ADP
cte-838	25	11	its	its	PRON
cte-838	25	12	major	major	ADJ
cte-838	25	13	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	25	14	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	25	15	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	25	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	25	17	answer	answer	VERB
cte-838	25	18	set	set	VERB
cte-838	25	19	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	25	20	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	25	21	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	25	22	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	25	23	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	25	24	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	25	25	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	25	26	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	25	27	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	25	28	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	25	29	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	25	30	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	25	31	clp	clp	PROPN
cte-838	25	32	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	25	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	26	1	we	we	PRON
cte-838	26	2	analyze	analyze	VERB
cte-838	26	3	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	26	4	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	26	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	26	6	technological	technological	ADJ
cte-838	26	7	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	26	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	26	9	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	26	10	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	26	11	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	26	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	26	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	26	14	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	26	15	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	26	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	27	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
cte-838	27	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	27	3	we	we	PRON
cte-838	27	4	explore	explore	VERB
cte-838	27	5	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	27	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	27	7	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	27	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	27	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	27	10	motivational	motivational	ADJ
cte-838	27	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	27	12	that	that	PRON
cte-838	27	13	impact	impact	VERB
cte-838	27	14	the	the	DET
cte-838	27	15	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	27	16	of	of	ADP
cte-838	27	17	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	27	18	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	27	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	27	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	28	1	our	our	PRON
cte-838	28	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cte-838	28	3	is	be	AUX
cte-838	28	4	guided	guide	VERB
cte-838	28	5	by	by	ADP
cte-838	28	6	several	several	ADJ
cte-838	28	7	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	28	8	questions	question	NOUN
cte-838	28	9	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	29	1	1	1	X
cte-838	29	2	.	.	X
cte-838	29	3	what	what	PRON
cte-838	29	4	are	be	AUX
cte-838	29	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	29	6	predominant	predominant	ADJ
cte-838	29	7	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	29	8	to	to	ADP
cte-838	29	9	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	29	10	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	29	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	29	12	across	across	ADP
cte-838	29	13	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	29	14	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	29	15	?	?	PUNCT
cte-838	30	1	2	2	X
cte-838	30	2	.	.	NOUN
cte-838	30	3	which	which	PRON
cte-838	30	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	30	5	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	30	6	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	30	7	empirical	empirical	ADJ
cte-838	30	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cte-838	30	9	of	of	ADP
cte-838	30	10	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	30	11	?	?	PUNCT
cte-838	31	1	3	3	X
cte-838	31	2	.	.	X
cte-838	31	3	what	what	PRON
cte-838	31	4	are	be	AUX
cte-838	31	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	31	6	primary	primary	ADJ
cte-838	31	7	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
cte-838	31	8	to	to	ADP
cte-838	31	9	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	31	10	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
cte-838	31	11	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	31	12	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	31	13	?	?	PUNCT
cte-838	32	1	4	4	X
cte-838	32	2	.	.	X
cte-838	32	3	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	32	4	do	do	AUX
cte-838	32	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	32	6	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	32	7	differ	differ	VERB
cte-838	32	8	across	across	ADP
cte-838	32	9	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	32	10	levels	level	NOUN
cte-838	32	11	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	32	12	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	32	13	?	?	PUNCT
cte-838	33	1	5	5	X
cte-838	33	2	.	.	X
cte-838	34	1	what	what	PRON
cte-838	34	2	emerging	emerge	VERB
cte-838	34	3	trends	trend	NOUN
cte-838	34	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	34	5	innovations	innovation	NOUN
cte-838	34	6	show	show	VERB
cte-838	34	7	promise	promise	NOUN
cte-838	34	8	for	for	ADP
cte-838	34	9	improving	improve	VERB
cte-838	34	10	logic	logic	ADJ
cte-838	34	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	34	12	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	34	13	?	?	PUNCT
cte-838	35	1	2	2	X
cte-838	35	2	.	.	X
cte-838	35	3	background	background	NOUN
cte-838	35	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	35	5	context	context	NOUN
cte-838	35	6	2.1	2.1	NUM
cte-838	35	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	36	1	definition	definition	NOUN
cte-838	36	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	36	3	historical	historical	ADJ
cte-838	36	4	context	context	NOUN
cte-838	36	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	36	6	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	36	7	emerged	emerge	VERB
cte-838	36	8	in	in	ADP
cte-838	36	9	the	the	DET
cte-838	36	10	1970s	1970	NOUN
cte-838	36	11	from	from	ADP
cte-838	36	12	debates	debate	NOUN
cte-838	36	13	concerning	concern	VERB
cte-838	36	14	procedural	procedural	ADJ
cte-838	36	15	versus	versus	ADP
cte-838	36	16	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	36	17	representations	representation	NOUN
cte-838	36	18	of	of	ADP
cte-838	36	19	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	36	20	in	in	ADP
cte-838	36	21	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cte-838	36	22	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	36	23	[	[	X
cte-838	36	24	31	31	NUM
cte-838	36	25	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	36	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	37	1	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	37	2	ligeza	ligeza	ADV
cte-838	37	3	[	[	X
cte-838	37	4	35	35	NUM
cte-838	37	5	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	37	6	explains	explain	VERB
cte-838	37	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	37	8	the	the	DET
cte-838	37	9	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
cte-838	37	10	idea	idea	NOUN
cte-838	37	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	37	12	originally	originally	ADV
cte-838	37	13	proposed	propose	VERB
cte-838	37	14	by	by	ADP
cte-838	37	15	robert	robert	PROPN
cte-838	37	16	kowalski	kowalski	PROPN
cte-838	37	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	37	18	consists	consist	VERB
cte-838	37	19	of	of	ADP
cte-838	37	20	applying	apply	VERB
cte-838	37	21	a	a	DET
cte-838	37	22	subset	subset	NOUN
cte-838	37	23	of	of	ADP
cte-838	37	24	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	37	25	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	37	26	order	order	NOUN
cte-838	37	27	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	37	28	for	for	ADP
cte-838	37	29	declarative	declarative	NOUN
cte-838	37	30	encoding	encoding	NOUN
cte-838	37	31	of	of	ADP
cte-838	37	32	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	37	33	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	37	34	employing	employ	VERB
cte-838	37	35	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	37	36	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cte-838	37	37	theorem	theorem	NOUN
cte-838	37	38	proving	prove	VERB
cte-838	37	39	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	37	40	for	for	ADP
cte-838	37	41	inference	inference	NOUN
cte-838	37	42	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	38	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	38	2	combination	combination	NOUN
cte-838	38	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	38	4	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	38	5	specification	specification	NOUN
cte-838	38	6	with	with	ADP
cte-838	38	7	automated	automate	VERB
cte-838	38	8	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cte-838	38	9	created	create	VERB
cte-838	38	10	a	a	DET
cte-838	38	11	powerful	powerful	ADJ
cte-838	38	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	38	13	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	38	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	39	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	39	2	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	39	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	39	4	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	39	5	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	39	6	programming	program	VERB
cte-838	39	7	in	in	ADP
cte-838	39	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	39	9	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	39	10	by	by	ADP
cte-838	39	11	alain	alain	PROPN
cte-838	39	12	colmerauer	colmerauer	PROPN
cte-838	39	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	39	14	philippe	philippe	PROPN
cte-838	39	15	roussel	roussel	PROPN
cte-838	39	16	at	at	ADP
cte-838	39	17	the	the	DET
cte-838	39	18	university	university	PROPN
cte-838	39	19	of	of	ADP
cte-838	39	20	aix	aix	NOUN
cte-838	39	21	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	39	22	marseille	marseille	NOUN
cte-838	39	23	in	in	ADP
cte-838	39	24	the	the	DET
cte-838	39	25	early	early	ADJ
cte-838	39	26	1970s	1970	NOUN
cte-838	39	27	marked	mark	VERB
cte-838	39	28	the	the	DET
cte-838	39	29	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	39	30	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	39	31	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cte-838	39	32	of	of	ADP
cte-838	39	33	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	39	34	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	39	35	principles	principle	NOUN
cte-838	39	36	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	40	1	since	since	SCONJ
cte-838	40	2	then	then	ADV
cte-838	40	3	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	40	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	40	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	40	6	has	have	AUX
cte-838	40	7	evolved	evolve	VERB
cte-838	40	8	into	into	ADP
cte-838	40	9	a	a	DET
cte-838	40	10	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cte-838	40	11	family	family	NOUN
cte-838	40	12	of	of	ADP
cte-838	40	13	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	40	14	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	40	15	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	40	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	40	17	each	each	PRON
cte-838	40	18	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
cte-838	40	19	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	40	20	aspects	aspect	NOUN
cte-838	40	21	of	of	ADP
cte-838	40	22	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	40	23	computation	computation	NOUN
cte-838	40	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	41	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
cte-838	41	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	42	1	major	major	ADJ
cte-838	42	2	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	42	3	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	42	4	paradigms	paradigm	VERB
cte-838	42	5	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
cte-838	42	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	42	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	42	8	encompasses	encompass	VERB
cte-838	42	9	several	several	ADJ
cte-838	42	10	distinct	distinct	ADJ
cte-838	42	11	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	42	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	42	13	each	each	PRON
cte-838	42	14	with	with	ADP
cte-838	42	15	unique	unique	ADJ
cte-838	42	16	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
cte-838	42	17	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	42	18	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	42	19	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	42	20	1	1	X
cte-838	42	21	.	.	X
cte-838	42	22	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	42	23	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	42	24	its	its	PRON
cte-838	42	25	variants	variant	NOUN
cte-838	42	26	remains	remain	VERB
cte-838	42	27	the	the	DET
cte-838	42	28	most	most	ADV
cte-838	42	29	widely	widely	ADV
cte-838	42	30	taught	teach	VERB
cte-838	42	31	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	42	32	utilized	utilize	VERB
cte-838	42	33	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	42	34	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	42	35	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	42	36	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	43	1	based	base	VERB
cte-838	43	2	on	on	ADP
cte-838	43	3	horn	horn	NOUN
cte-838	43	4	clause	clause	NOUN
cte-838	43	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	43	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	43	7	it	it	PRON
cte-838	43	8	employs	employ	VERB
cte-838	43	9	a	a	DET
cte-838	43	10	backward	backward	ADV
cte-838	43	11	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	43	12	chaining	chain	VERB
cte-838	43	13	inference	inference	NOUN
cte-838	43	14	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
cte-838	43	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	44	1	according	accord	VERB
cte-838	44	2	to	to	ADP
cte-838	44	3	gelfond	gelfond	NOUN
cte-838	44	4	et	et	NOUN
cte-838	44	5	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	44	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	45	1	[	[	X
cte-838	45	2	19	19	NUM
cte-838	45	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	45	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	45	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	45	6	advent	advent	NOUN
cte-838	45	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	45	8	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	45	9	in	in	ADP
cte-838	45	10	1972	1972	NUM
cte-838	45	11	started	start	VERB
cte-838	45	12	a	a	DET
cte-838	45	13	revolution	revolution	NOUN
cte-838	45	14	that	that	PRON
cte-838	45	15	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	45	16	enabled	enable	VERB
cte-838	45	17	us	we	PRON
cte-838	45	18	to	to	PART
cte-838	45	19	think	think	VERB
cte-838	45	20	previously	previously	ADV
cte-838	45	21	impossible	impossible	ADJ
cte-838	45	22	thoughts	thought	NOUN
cte-838	45	23	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	45	24	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	45	25	ushered	usher	VERB
cte-838	45	26	in	in	ADP
cte-838	45	27	both	both	PRON
cte-838	45	28	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	45	29	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	45	30	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	45	31	the	the	DET
cte-838	45	32	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	45	33	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	45	34	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	45	35	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	45	36	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	46	1	modern	modern	ADJ
cte-838	46	2	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	46	3	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	46	4	like	like	ADP
cte-838	46	5	swi	swi	NOUN
cte-838	46	6	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	46	7	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	46	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	46	9	sicstus	sicstus	NOUN
cte-838	46	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	46	11	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	46	12	ciao	ciao	X
cte-838	46	13	extend	extend	VERB
cte-838	46	14	basic	basic	ADJ
cte-838	46	15	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	46	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	46	17	with	with	ADP
cte-838	46	18	features	feature	NOUN
cte-838	46	19	such	such	ADJ
cte-838	46	20	as	as	ADP
cte-838	46	21	constraints	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	46	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	46	23	modules	module	NOUN
cte-838	46	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	46	25	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	46	26	higher	high	ADJ
cte-838	46	27	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	46	28	order	order	NOUN
cte-838	46	29	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	46	30	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	47	1	400	400	NUM
cte-838	47	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	47	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	47	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	47	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	47	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	47	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	47	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	47	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	47	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	47	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	47	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	47	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	47	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	48	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	48	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	48	3	2	2	NUM
cte-838	48	4	.	.	X
cte-838	48	5	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	48	6	set	set	VERB
cte-838	48	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	48	8	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	48	9	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	48	10	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	48	11	evolved	evolve	VERB
cte-838	48	12	from	from	ADP
cte-838	48	13	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	48	14	on	on	ADP
cte-838	48	15	the	the	DET
cte-838	48	16	semantics	semantic	NOUN
cte-838	48	17	of	of	ADP
cte-838	48	18	negation	negation	NOUN
cte-838	48	19	in	in	ADP
cte-838	48	20	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	48	21	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	48	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	49	1	as	as	ADP
cte-838	49	2	schaub	schaub	PROPN
cte-838	49	3	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	49	4	woltran	woltran	ADJ
cte-838	49	5	[	[	X
cte-838	49	6	52	52	NUM
cte-838	49	7	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	49	8	explains	explain	VERB
cte-838	49	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	49	10	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	49	11	offers	offer	VERB
cte-838	49	12	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	49	13	a	a	DET
cte-838	49	14	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	49	15	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	49	16	level	level	NOUN
cte-838	49	17	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	49	18	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	49	19	paired	pair	VERB
cte-838	49	20	with	with	ADP
cte-838	49	21	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	49	22	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	49	23	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	49	24	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	49	25	technology	technology	NOUN
cte-838	49	26	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	49	27	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	49	28	making	make	VERB
cte-838	49	29	it	it	PRON
cte-838	49	30	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	49	31	suitable	suitable	ADJ
cte-838	49	32	for	for	ADP
cte-838	49	33	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	49	34	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	49	35	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	49	36	combinatorial	combinatorial	ADJ
cte-838	49	37	optimization	optimization	NOUN
cte-838	49	38	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	49	39	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	50	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
cte-838	50	2	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	50	3	’s	’s	PART
cte-838	50	4	backward	backward	ADV
cte-838	50	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	50	6	chaining	chain	VERB
cte-838	50	7	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	50	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	50	9	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	50	10	employs	employ	VERB
cte-838	50	11	a	a	DET
cte-838	50	12	more	more	ADV
cte-838	50	13	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	50	14	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	50	15	where	where	SCONJ
cte-838	50	16	solutions	solution	NOUN
cte-838	50	17	are	be	AUX
cte-838	50	18	represented	represent	VERB
cte-838	50	19	as	as	ADP
cte-838	50	20	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	50	21	sets	set	NOUN
cte-838	50	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	50	23	computed	compute	VERB
cte-838	50	24	through	through	ADP
cte-838	50	25	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
cte-838	50	26	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	50	27	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	50	28	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	50	29	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	51	1	3	3	X
cte-838	51	2	.	.	X
cte-838	51	3	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	51	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	51	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	51	6	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	51	7	clp	clp	PROPN
cte-838	51	8	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	51	9	extends	extend	VERB
cte-838	51	10	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	51	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	51	12	with	with	ADP
cte-838	51	13	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	51	14	solving	solve	VERB
cte-838	51	15	capabilities	capability	NOUN
cte-838	51	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	52	1	according	accord	VERB
cte-838	52	2	to	to	ADP
cte-838	52	3	gavanelli	gavanelli	NOUN
cte-838	52	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	52	5	rossi	rossi	ADJ
cte-838	52	6	[	[	X
cte-838	52	7	17	17	NUM
cte-838	52	8	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	52	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	52	10	clp	clp	PROPN
cte-838	52	11	has	have	AUX
cte-838	52	12	been	be	AUX
cte-838	52	13	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	52	14	one	one	NUM
cte-838	52	15	of	of	ADP
cte-838	52	16	the	the	DET
cte-838	52	17	most	most	ADV
cte-838	52	18	successful	successful	ADJ
cte-838	52	19	branches	branch	NOUN
cte-838	52	20	of	of	ADP
cte-838	52	21	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	52	22	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	52	23	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	52	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	52	25	attracting	attract	VERB
cte-838	52	26	interest	interest	NOUN
cte-838	52	27	from	from	ADP
cte-838	52	28	both	both	DET
cte-838	52	29	theoreticians	theoretician	NOUN
cte-838	52	30	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	52	31	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
cte-838	52	32	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	53	1	by	by	ADP
cte-838	53	2	integrating	integrate	VERB
cte-838	53	3	constraints	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	53	4	over	over	ADP
cte-838	53	5	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	53	6	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	53	7	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	53	8	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cte-838	53	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	53	10	real	real	ADJ
cte-838	53	11	numbers	number	NOUN
cte-838	53	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	53	13	finite	finite	ADJ
cte-838	53	14	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	53	15	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	53	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	53	17	clp	clp	PROPN
cte-838	53	18	enables	enable	VERB
cte-838	53	19	efficient	efficient	ADJ
cte-838	53	20	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	53	21	of	of	ADP
cte-838	53	22	complex	complex	ADJ
cte-838	53	23	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	53	24	in	in	ADP
cte-838	53	25	scheduling	scheduling	NOUN
cte-838	53	26	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	53	27	planning	planning	NOUN
cte-838	53	28	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	53	29	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	53	30	optimization	optimization	NOUN
cte-838	53	31	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	54	1	4	4	X
cte-838	54	2	.	.	X
cte-838	54	3	datalog	datalog	PROPN
cte-838	54	4	combines	combine	VERB
cte-838	54	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	54	6	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	54	7	with	with	ADP
cte-838	54	8	database	database	NOUN
cte-838	54	9	query	query	NOUN
cte-838	54	10	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	54	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	55	1	with	with	ADP
cte-838	55	2	its	its	PRON
cte-838	55	3	foundation	foundation	NOUN
cte-838	55	4	in	in	ADP
cte-838	55	5	deductive	deductive	ADJ
cte-838	55	6	databases	database	NOUN
cte-838	55	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	55	8	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	55	9	has	have	AUX
cte-838	55	10	experienced	experience	VERB
cte-838	55	11	renewed	renew	VERB
cte-838	55	12	interest	interest	NOUN
cte-838	55	13	in	in	ADP
cte-838	55	14	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	55	15	such	such	ADJ
cte-838	55	16	as	as	ADP
cte-838	55	17	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	55	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cte-838	55	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	55	20	information	information	NOUN
cte-838	55	21	extraction	extraction	NOUN
cte-838	55	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	55	23	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	55	24	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	55	25	graphs	graph	NOUN
cte-838	55	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	56	1	sáenz	sáenz	NOUN
cte-838	56	2	-	-	NOUN
cte-838	56	3	pérez	pérez	NOUN
cte-838	56	4	[	[	X
cte-838	56	5	51	51	NUM
cte-838	56	6	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	56	7	describes	describe	VERB
cte-838	56	8	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	56	9	as	as	ADP
cte-838	56	10	a	a	DET
cte-838	56	11	deductive	deductive	ADJ
cte-838	56	12	database	database	NOUN
cte-838	56	13	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	56	14	that	that	PRON
cte-838	56	15	supports	support	VERB
cte-838	56	16	both	both	CCONJ
cte-838	56	17	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	56	18	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	56	19	sql	sql	NOUN
cte-838	56	20	query	query	NOUN
cte-838	56	21	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	56	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	56	23	enabling	enable	VERB
cte-838	56	24	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	56	25	exploration	exploration	NOUN
cte-838	56	26	of	of	ADP
cte-838	56	27	both	both	DET
cte-838	56	28	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	56	29	within	within	ADP
cte-838	56	30	a	a	DET
cte-838	56	31	unified	unified	ADJ
cte-838	56	32	framework	framework	NOUN
cte-838	56	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	57	1	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	57	2	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	57	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	4	backward	backward	ADV
cte-838	57	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	57	6	chaining	chain	VERB
cte-838	57	7	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	57	8	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	9	nlp	nlp	NOUN
cte-838	57	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	57	11	expert	expert	NOUN
cte-838	57	12	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	57	13	complexity	complexity	NOUN
cte-838	57	14	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	15	medium	medium	ADJ
cte-838	57	16	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	57	17	availability	availability	NOUN
cte-838	57	18	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	19	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	57	20	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	57	21	set	set	VERB
cte-838	57	22	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	57	23	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	57	24	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	25	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	57	26	generation	generation	NOUN
cte-838	57	27	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	57	28	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	29	planning	planning	NOUN
cte-838	57	30	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	57	31	kr	kr	PROPN
cte-838	57	32	complexity	complexity	NOUN
cte-838	57	33	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	34	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	57	35	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	57	36	availability	availability	NOUN
cte-838	57	37	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	38	medium	medium	ADJ
cte-838	57	39	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	57	40	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	57	41	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	42	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cte-838	57	43	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	57	44	up	up	ADP
cte-838	57	45	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	57	46	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	47	databases	database	NOUN
cte-838	57	48	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	57	49	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cte-838	57	50	complexity	complexity	NOUN
cte-838	57	51	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	52	low	low	ADJ
cte-838	57	53	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	57	54	medium	medium	NOUN
cte-838	57	55	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	57	56	availability	availability	NOUN
cte-838	57	57	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	58	medium	medium	ADJ
cte-838	57	59	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	57	60	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	57	61	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	57	62	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	57	63	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	64	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	57	65	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	57	66	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	57	67	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	68	scheduling	scheduling	NOUN
cte-838	57	69	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	57	70	pptimization	pptimization	NOUN
cte-838	57	71	complexity	complexity	NOUN
cte-838	57	72	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	73	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	57	74	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	57	75	availability	availability	NOUN
cte-838	57	76	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	77	medium	medium	ADJ
cte-838	57	78	historical	historical	ADJ
cte-838	57	79	evolution	evolution	NOUN
cte-838	57	80	simplified	simplify	VERB
cte-838	57	81	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	57	82	added	add	VERB
cte-838	57	83	constraints	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	57	84	shared	share	VERB
cte-838	57	85	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	57	86	complementary	complementary	ADJ
cte-838	57	87	figure	figure	NOUN
cte-838	57	88	1	1	NUM
cte-838	57	89	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	57	90	comparison	comparison	NOUN
cte-838	57	91	of	of	ADP
cte-838	57	92	major	major	ADJ
cte-838	57	93	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	57	94	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	57	95	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	57	96	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	57	97	illustrating	illustrate	VERB
cte-838	57	98	their	their	PRON
cte-838	57	99	key	key	ADJ
cte-838	57	100	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
cte-838	57	101	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	57	102	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	57	103	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	57	104	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	57	105	relationships	relationship	NOUN
cte-838	57	106	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	58	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	58	2	arrows	arrow	NOUN
cte-838	58	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
cte-838	58	4	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
cte-838	58	5	relationships	relationship	NOUN
cte-838	58	6	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	58	7	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
cte-838	58	8	connections	connection	NOUN
cte-838	58	9	between	between	ADP
cte-838	58	10	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	58	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	59	1	2.3	2.3	NUM
cte-838	59	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	60	1	current	current	ADJ
cte-838	60	2	position	position	NOUN
cte-838	60	3	in	in	ADP
cte-838	60	4	computing	computing	NOUN
cte-838	60	5	curricula	curricula	NOUN
cte-838	60	6	despite	despite	SCONJ
cte-838	60	7	its	its	PRON
cte-838	60	8	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
cte-838	60	9	significance	significance	NOUN
cte-838	60	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	60	11	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	60	12	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	60	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	60	14	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	60	15	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	60	16	occupies	occupy	VERB
cte-838	60	17	an	an	DET
cte-838	60	18	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
cte-838	60	19	position	position	NOUN
cte-838	60	20	within	within	ADP
cte-838	60	21	computing	computing	NOUN
cte-838	60	22	curricula	curricula	NOUN
cte-838	60	23	globally	globally	ADV
cte-838	60	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	61	1	hynek	hynek	ADJ
cte-838	62	1	[	[	X
cte-838	62	2	25	25	NUM
cte-838	62	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	62	4	raises	raise	VERB
cte-838	62	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	62	6	question	question	NOUN
cte-838	62	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	62	8	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	62	9	whether	whether	SCONJ
cte-838	62	10	there	there	PRON
cte-838	62	11	are	be	VERB
cte-838	62	12	still	still	ADV
cte-838	62	13	some	some	DET
cte-838	62	14	good	good	ADJ
cte-838	62	15	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	62	16	justified	justify	VERB
cte-838	62	17	reasons	reason	NOUN
cte-838	62	18	to	to	PART
cte-838	62	19	keep	keep	VERB
cte-838	62	20	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	62	21	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	62	22	in	in	ADP
cte-838	62	23	the	the	DET
cte-838	62	24	present	present	ADJ
cte-838	62	25	ict	ict	NOUN
cte-838	62	26	specialists	specialist	NOUN
cte-838	62	27	curricula	curricula	PROPN
cte-838	62	28	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	62	29	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	62	30	noting	note	VERB
cte-838	62	31	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	62	32	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	62	33	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	62	34	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	62	35	was	be	AUX
cte-838	62	36	once	once	ADV
cte-838	62	37	prominent	prominent	ADJ
cte-838	62	38	in	in	ADP
cte-838	62	39	european	european	ADJ
cte-838	62	40	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	62	41	asian	asian	ADJ
cte-838	62	42	universities	university	NOUN
cte-838	62	43	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	62	44	it	it	PRON
cte-838	62	45	has	have	AUX
cte-838	62	46	been	be	AUX
cte-838	62	47	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
cte-838	62	48	as	as	ADP
cte-838	62	49	newer	new	ADJ
cte-838	62	50	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	62	51	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	62	52	gained	gain	VERB
cte-838	62	53	prominence	prominence	NOUN
cte-838	62	54	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	63	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	63	2	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	63	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	63	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	63	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	63	6	often	often	ADV
cte-838	63	7	occurs	occur	VERB
cte-838	63	8	within	within	ADP
cte-838	63	9	specialized	specialized	ADJ
cte-838	63	10	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	63	11	on	on	ADP
cte-838	63	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	63	13	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	63	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	63	15	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cte-838	63	16	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	63	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	63	18	or	or	CCONJ
cte-838	63	19	formal	formal	ADJ
cte-838	63	20	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	63	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	64	1	villadsen	villadsen	ADJ
cte-838	64	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	64	3	401	401	NUM
cte-838	64	4	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	64	5	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	64	6	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	64	7	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	64	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	64	9	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	64	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	64	11	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	64	12	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	64	13	12	12	NUM
cte-838	64	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	64	15	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	64	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	65	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	65	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	PROPN
cte-838	65	3	jacobsen	jacobsen	NOUN
cte-838	65	4	[	[	X
cte-838	65	5	59	59	NUM
cte-838	65	6	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	65	7	describes	describe	VERB
cte-838	65	8	two	two	NUM
cte-838	65	9	university	university	NOUN
cte-838	65	10	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	65	11	where	where	SCONJ
cte-838	65	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	65	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	65	14	is	be	AUX
cte-838	65	15	taught	teach	VERB
cte-838	65	16	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	65	17	a	a	DET
cte-838	65	18	bachelor	bachelor	NOUN
cte-838	65	19	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	65	20	level	level	NOUN
cte-838	65	21	course	course	NOUN
cte-838	65	22	on	on	ADP
cte-838	65	23	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	65	24	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	65	25	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	65	26	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	65	27	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	65	28	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	65	29	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	65	30	a	a	DET
cte-838	65	31	master	master	NOUN
cte-838	65	32	’s	’s	PART
cte-838	65	33	course	course	NOUN
cte-838	65	34	on	on	ADP
cte-838	65	35	automated	automate	VERB
cte-838	65	36	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cte-838	65	37	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	66	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	66	2	positioning	positioning	NOUN
cte-838	66	3	reflects	reflect	VERB
cte-838	66	4	both	both	CCONJ
cte-838	66	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	66	6	specialized	specialized	ADJ
cte-838	66	7	nature	nature	NOUN
cte-838	66	8	of	of	ADP
cte-838	66	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	66	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	66	11	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	66	12	its	its	PRON
cte-838	66	13	connections	connection	NOUN
cte-838	66	14	to	to	ADP
cte-838	66	15	broader	broad	ADJ
cte-838	66	16	areas	area	NOUN
cte-838	66	17	of	of	ADP
cte-838	66	18	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	66	19	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	66	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	67	1	recent	recent	ADJ
cte-838	67	2	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
cte-838	67	3	have	have	AUX
cte-838	67	4	also	also	ADV
cte-838	67	5	explored	explore	VERB
cte-838	67	6	introducing	introduce	VERB
cte-838	67	7	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	67	8	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	67	9	at	at	ADP
cte-838	67	10	earlier	early	ADJ
cte-838	67	11	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	67	12	stages	stage	NOUN
cte-838	67	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	68	1	rodríguez	rodríguez	NOUN
cte-838	68	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	68	3	cecchi	cecchi	NOUN
cte-838	68	4	[	[	X
cte-838	68	5	50	50	NUM
cte-838	68	6	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	68	7	advocates	advocate	VERB
cte-838	68	8	for	for	ADP
cte-838	68	9	the	the	DET
cte-838	68	10	early	early	ADJ
cte-838	68	11	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	68	12	of	of	ADP
cte-838	68	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	68	14	within	within	ADP
cte-838	68	15	compulsory	compulsory	ADJ
cte-838	68	16	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	68	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	68	18	presenting	present	VERB
cte-838	68	19	a	a	DET
cte-838	68	20	methodological	methodological	ADJ
cte-838	68	21	proposal	proposal	NOUN
cte-838	68	22	called	call	VERB
cte-838	68	23	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	68	24	metagame	metagame	PROPN
cte-838	68	25	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	68	26	that	that	PRON
cte-838	68	27	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
cte-838	68	28	the	the	DET
cte-838	68	29	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	68	30	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	68	31	of	of	ADP
cte-838	68	32	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	68	33	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	68	34	in	in	ADP
cte-838	68	35	primary	primary	ADJ
cte-838	68	36	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	68	37	through	through	ADP
cte-838	68	38	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
cte-838	68	39	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	68	40	gamifying	gamifying	NOUN
cte-838	68	41	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	68	42	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	69	1	3	3	X
cte-838	69	2	.	.	X
cte-838	69	3	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	69	4	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	69	5	by	by	ADP
cte-838	69	6	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	69	7	3.1	3.1	NUM
cte-838	69	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	70	1	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	70	2	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	70	3	based	base	VERB
cte-838	70	4	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	70	5	3.1.1	3.1.1	NUM
cte-838	70	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	71	1	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cte-838	71	2	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	71	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	71	4	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	71	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	71	6	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	71	7	vs.	vs.	ADP
cte-838	71	8	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	71	9	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	71	10	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	71	11	two	two	NUM
cte-838	71	12	principal	principal	ADJ
cte-838	71	13	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	71	14	dominate	dominate	VERB
cte-838	71	15	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	71	16	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	71	17	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	71	18	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	71	19	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	71	20	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	71	21	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	71	22	problemfirst	problemfirst	PROPN
cte-838	71	23	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	71	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	72	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	72	2	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	72	3	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	72	4	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	72	5	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	72	6	begins	begin	VERB
cte-838	72	7	with	with	ADP
cte-838	72	8	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	72	9	constructs	construct	NOUN
cte-838	72	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	72	11	gradually	gradually	ADV
cte-838	72	12	introduces	introduce	VERB
cte-838	72	13	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	72	14	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	72	15	solving	solve	VERB
cte-838	72	16	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	72	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	72	18	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	72	19	the	the	DET
cte-838	72	20	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	72	21	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	72	22	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	72	23	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	72	24	starts	start	VERB
cte-838	72	25	with	with	ADP
cte-838	72	26	engaging	engage	VERB
cte-838	72	27	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	72	28	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	72	29	introduces	introduce	NOUN
cte-838	72	30	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	72	31	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	72	32	needed	need	VERB
cte-838	72	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	73	1	wick	wick	NOUN
cte-838	73	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	73	3	stevenson	stevenson	PROPN
cte-838	74	1	[	[	X
cte-838	74	2	63	63	NUM
cte-838	74	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	74	4	observes	observe	VERB
cte-838	74	5	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	74	6	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	74	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	74	8	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cte-838	74	9	way	way	NOUN
cte-838	74	10	to	to	PART
cte-838	74	11	teach	teach	VERB
cte-838	74	12	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	74	13	is	be	AUX
cte-838	74	14	to	to	PART
cte-838	74	15	have	have	VERB
cte-838	74	16	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	74	17	start	start	VERB
cte-838	74	18	by	by	ADP
cte-838	74	19	writing	write	VERB
cte-838	74	20	recursive	recursive	ADJ
cte-838	74	21	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
cte-838	74	22	definitions	definition	NOUN
cte-838	74	23	of	of	ADP
cte-838	74	24	the	the	DET
cte-838	74	25	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	74	26	they	they	PRON
cte-838	74	27	are	be	AUX
cte-838	74	28	trying	try	VERB
cte-838	74	29	to	to	PART
cte-838	74	30	solve	solve	VERB
cte-838	74	31	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	74	32	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	75	1	however	however	ADV
cte-838	75	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	75	3	this	this	DET
cte-838	75	4	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	75	5	may	may	AUX
cte-838	75	6	not	not	PART
cte-838	75	7	integrate	integrate	VERB
cte-838	75	8	well	well	ADV
cte-838	75	9	with	with	ADP
cte-838	75	10	broader	broad	ADJ
cte-838	75	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	75	12	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	75	13	curricula	curricula	NOUN
cte-838	75	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	76	1	as	as	ADP
cte-838	76	2	an	an	DET
cte-838	76	3	alternative	alternative	NOUN
cte-838	76	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	76	5	they	they	PRON
cte-838	76	6	propose	propose	VERB
cte-838	76	7	introducing	introduce	VERB
cte-838	76	8	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	76	9	through	through	ADP
cte-838	76	10	a	a	DET
cte-838	76	11	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
cte-838	76	12	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	76	13	like	like	ADP
cte-838	76	14	scheme	scheme	NOUN
cte-838	76	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	76	16	finding	find	VERB
cte-838	76	17	this	this	DET
cte-838	76	18	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	76	19	equally	equally	ADV
cte-838	76	20	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	76	21	for	for	ADP
cte-838	76	22	novice	novice	NOUN
cte-838	76	23	learners	learner	NOUN
cte-838	76	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	77	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	77	2	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	77	3	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	77	4	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	77	5	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	77	6	has	have	AUX
cte-838	77	7	gained	gain	VERB
cte-838	77	8	traction	traction	NOUN
cte-838	77	9	due	due	ADP
cte-838	77	10	to	to	ADP
cte-838	77	11	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cte-838	77	12	suggesting	suggest	VERB
cte-838	77	13	improved	improve	VERB
cte-838	77	14	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	77	15	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	77	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	78	1	bellström	bellström	NOUN
cte-838	78	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	78	3	thorén	thorén	VERB
cte-838	78	4	[	[	X
cte-838	78	5	6	6	NUM
cte-838	78	6	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	78	7	argues	argue	VERB
cte-838	78	8	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	78	9	through	through	ADP
cte-838	78	10	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	78	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	78	12	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	78	13	the	the	DET
cte-838	78	14	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	78	15	component	component	NOUN
cte-838	78	16	in	in	ADP
cte-838	78	17	the	the	DET
cte-838	78	18	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	78	19	process	process	NOUN
cte-838	78	20	can	can	AUX
cte-838	78	21	be	be	AUX
cte-838	78	22	empowered	empower	VERB
cte-838	78	23	to	to	PART
cte-838	78	24	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
cte-838	78	25	an	an	DET
cte-838	78	26	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	78	27	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cte-838	78	28	to	to	PART
cte-838	78	29	achieve	achieve	VERB
cte-838	78	30	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	78	31	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	78	32	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	79	1	this	this	PRON
cte-838	79	2	represents	represent	VERB
cte-838	79	3	a	a	DET
cte-838	79	4	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
cte-838	79	5	shift	shift	NOUN
cte-838	79	6	from	from	ADP
cte-838	79	7	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cte-838	79	8	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	79	9	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	79	10	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	79	11	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	79	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	80	1	figure	figure	NOUN
cte-838	80	2	2	2	NUM
cte-838	80	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
cte-838	80	4	the	the	DET
cte-838	80	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cte-838	80	6	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	80	7	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
cte-838	80	8	of	of	ADP
cte-838	80	9	these	these	DET
cte-838	80	10	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	80	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	81	1	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	81	2	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	81	3	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	81	4	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	81	5	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	81	6	typically	typically	ADV
cte-838	81	7	result	result	VERB
cte-838	81	8	in	in	ADP
cte-838	81	9	faster	fast	ADJ
cte-838	81	10	initial	initial	ADJ
cte-838	81	11	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
cte-838	81	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	81	13	both	both	DET
cte-838	81	14	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	81	15	tend	tend	VERB
cte-838	81	16	to	to	PART
cte-838	81	17	converge	converge	VERB
cte-838	81	18	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	81	19	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	81	20	reach	reach	VERB
cte-838	81	21	advanced	advanced	ADJ
cte-838	81	22	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
cte-838	81	23	levels	level	NOUN
cte-838	81	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	82	1	3.1.2	3.1.2	X
cte-838	82	2	.	.	NOUN
cte-838	82	3	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	82	4	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	82	5	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	82	6	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	82	7	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	82	8	tracers	tracer	NOUN
cte-838	82	9	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	82	10	plays	play	VERB
cte-838	82	11	a	a	DET
cte-838	82	12	crucial	crucial	ADJ
cte-838	82	13	role	role	NOUN
cte-838	82	14	in	in	ADP
cte-838	82	15	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cte-838	82	16	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	82	17	’	’	PART
cte-838	82	18	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	82	19	of	of	ADP
cte-838	82	20	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	82	21	’s	’s	PART
cte-838	82	22	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	82	23	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	82	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	82	25	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	82	26	the	the	DET
cte-838	82	27	challenging	challenging	ADJ
cte-838	82	28	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	82	29	of	of	ADP
cte-838	82	30	unification	unification	NOUN
cte-838	82	31	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	82	32	backtracking	backtracking	NOUN
cte-838	82	33	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	82	34	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	82	35	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cte-838	82	36	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	83	1	vosinakis	vosinaki	NOUN
cte-838	83	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	83	3	anastassakis	anastassaki	NOUN
cte-838	83	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	83	5	koutsabasis	koutsabasis	NOUN
cte-838	84	1	[	[	X
cte-838	84	2	60	60	NUM
cte-838	84	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	84	4	notes	note	VERB
cte-838	84	5	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	84	6	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	84	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	84	8	limited	limited	ADJ
cte-838	84	9	availability	availability	NOUN
cte-838	84	10	of	of	ADP
cte-838	84	11	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	84	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	84	13	aids	aid	NOUN
cte-838	84	14	for	for	ADP
cte-838	84	15	lp	lp	NOUN
cte-838	84	16	can	can	AUX
cte-838	84	17	lead	lead	VERB
cte-838	84	18	to	to	ADP
cte-838	84	19	low	low	ADJ
cte-838	84	20	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	84	21	for	for	ADP
cte-838	84	22	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	84	23	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	84	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	84	25	highlighting	highlight	VERB
cte-838	84	26	the	the	DET
cte-838	84	27	importance	importance	NOUN
cte-838	84	28	of	of	ADP
cte-838	84	29	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	84	30	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	84	31	in	in	ADP
cte-838	84	32	sustaining	sustain	VERB
cte-838	84	33	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	84	34	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	84	35	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	85	1	several	several	ADJ
cte-838	85	2	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	85	3	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	85	4	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	85	5	have	have	AUX
cte-838	85	6	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	85	7	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	85	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	86	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	86	2	meloise	meloise	PROPN
cte-838	86	3	platform	platform	NOUN
cte-838	86	4	presented	present	VERB
cte-838	86	5	by	by	ADP
cte-838	86	6	vosinakis	vosinaki	NOUN
cte-838	86	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	86	8	koutsabasis	koutsabasis	NOUN
cte-838	86	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	86	10	anastassakis	anastassaki	NOUN
cte-838	86	11	[	[	X
cte-838	86	12	61	61	NUM
cte-838	86	13	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	86	14	provides	provide	VERB
cte-838	86	15	a	a	DET
cte-838	86	16	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
cte-838	86	17	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	86	18	interface	interface	NOUN
cte-838	86	19	to	to	ADP
cte-838	86	20	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	86	21	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	86	22	within	within	ADP
cte-838	86	23	virtual	virtual	ADJ
cte-838	86	24	worlds	world	NOUN
cte-838	86	25	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	87	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	87	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cte-838	87	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
cte-838	87	4	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	87	5	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	87	6	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	87	7	performed	perform	VERB
cte-838	87	8	very	very	ADV
cte-838	87	9	well	well	ADV
cte-838	87	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	87	11	were	be	AUX
cte-838	87	12	enthusiastic	enthusiastic	ADJ
cte-838	87	13	with	with	ADP
cte-838	87	14	the	the	DET
cte-838	87	15	new	new	ADJ
cte-838	87	16	environment	environment	NOUN
cte-838	87	17	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	87	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	87	19	suggesting	suggest	VERB
cte-838	87	20	substantial	substantial	ADJ
cte-838	87	21	benefits	benefit	NOUN
cte-838	87	22	from	from	ADP
cte-838	87	23	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	87	24	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	87	25	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	87	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	88	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
cte-838	88	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	88	3	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	88	4	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	88	5	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	88	6	using	use	VERB
cte-838	88	7	logichart	logichart	ADJ
cte-838	88	8	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cte-838	88	9	can	can	AUX
cte-838	88	10	help	help	VERB
cte-838	88	11	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	88	12	understand	understand	VERB
cte-838	88	13	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	88	14	flow	flow	NOUN
cte-838	88	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	89	1	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	89	2	adachi	adachi	PROPN
cte-838	89	3	[	[	X
cte-838	89	4	1	1	X
cte-838	89	5	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	89	6	explains	explain	VERB
cte-838	89	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	89	8	these	these	DET
cte-838	89	9	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	89	10	allow	allow	VERB
cte-838	89	11	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	89	12	to	to	PART
cte-838	89	13	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	89	14	visually	visually	ADV
cte-838	89	15	trace	trace	VERB
cte-838	89	16	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	89	17	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	89	18	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	89	19	goal	goal	NOUN
cte-838	89	20	calling	calling	NOUN
cte-838	89	21	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	89	22	success	success	NOUN
cte-838	89	23	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	89	24	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	89	25	failure	failure	NOUN
cte-838	89	26	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	89	27	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	89	28	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	89	29	observe	observe	VERB
cte-838	89	30	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	89	31	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
cte-838	89	32	change	change	NOUN
cte-838	89	33	in	in	ADP
cte-838	89	34	a	a	DET
cte-838	89	35	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	89	36	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	89	37	by	by	ADP
cte-838	89	38	calling	call	VERB
cte-838	89	39	extra	extra	ADJ
cte-838	89	40	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	89	41	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	89	42	predicates	predicate	NOUN
cte-838	89	43	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	89	44	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	90	1	3.1.3	3.1.3	NUM
cte-838	90	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	90	3	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	90	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	90	5	based	base	VERB
cte-838	90	6	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	90	7	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	90	8	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	90	9	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	90	10	based	base	VERB
cte-838	90	11	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	90	12	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	90	13	pbl	pbl	PROPN
cte-838	90	14	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	90	15	has	have	AUX
cte-838	90	16	emerged	emerge	VERB
cte-838	90	17	as	as	ADP
cte-838	90	18	a	a	DET
cte-838	90	19	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	90	20	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	90	21	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	90	22	for	for	ADP
cte-838	90	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	90	24	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	90	25	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	91	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	91	2	methodology	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	91	3	situates	situate	VERB
cte-838	91	4	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	91	5	in	in	ADP
cte-838	91	6	complex	complex	ADJ
cte-838	91	7	tasks	task	NOUN
cte-838	91	8	that	that	PRON
cte-838	91	9	require	require	VERB
cte-838	91	10	402	402	NUM
cte-838	91	11	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	91	12	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	91	13	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	91	14	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	91	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	91	16	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	91	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	91	18	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	91	19	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	91	20	12	12	NUM
cte-838	91	21	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	91	22	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	91	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	92	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	92	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	92	3	initial	initial	ADJ
cte-838	92	4	basic	basic	ADJ
cte-838	92	5	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	92	6	intermediate	intermediate	VERB
cte-838	92	7	advanced	advanced	ADJ
cte-838	92	8	expert	expert	NOUN
cte-838	92	9	0	0	NUM
cte-838	92	10	20	20	NUM
cte-838	92	11	40	40	NUM
cte-838	92	12	60	60	NUM
cte-838	92	13	80	80	NUM
cte-838	92	14	100	100	NUM
cte-838	92	15	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	92	16	phase	phase	NOUN
cte-838	92	17	s	s	PART
cte-838	92	18	tu	tu	PROPN
cte-838	92	19	d	d	PROPN
cte-838	92	20	en	en	PROPN
cte-838	92	21	t	t	PROPN
cte-838	92	22	co	co	NOUN
cte-838	92	23	m	m	PROPN
cte-838	92	24	p	p	X
cte-838	92	25	re	re	VERB
cte-838	92	26	h	h	PROPN
cte-838	92	27	en	en	X
cte-838	92	28	si	si	X
cte-838	92	29	on	on	ADP
cte-838	92	30	le	le	X
cte-838	92	31	ve	ve	PROPN
cte-838	92	32	l	l	NOUN
cte-838	92	33	syntax	syntax	VERB
cte-838	92	34	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	92	35	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	92	36	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	92	37	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	92	38	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	92	39	figure	figure	NOUN
cte-838	92	40	2	2	NUM
cte-838	92	41	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	92	42	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cte-838	92	43	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	92	44	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
cte-838	92	45	levels	level	NOUN
cte-838	92	46	across	across	ADP
cte-838	92	47	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	92	48	phases	phase	NOUN
cte-838	92	49	for	for	ADP
cte-838	92	50	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	92	51	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	92	52	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	92	53	versus	versus	ADP
cte-838	92	54	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	92	55	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	92	56	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	92	57	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	92	58	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	92	59	in	in	ADP
cte-838	92	60	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	92	61	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	92	62	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	93	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	93	2	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	93	3	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	93	4	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	93	5	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	93	6	shows	show	VERB
cte-838	93	7	stronger	strong	ADJ
cte-838	93	8	initial	initial	ADJ
cte-838	93	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	93	10	early	early	ADJ
cte-838	93	11	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	93	12	phase	phase	NOUN
cte-838	93	13	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
cte-838	93	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	93	15	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	93	16	both	both	DET
cte-838	93	17	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	93	18	converge	converge	VERB
cte-838	93	19	at	at	ADP
cte-838	93	20	advanced	advanced	ADJ
cte-838	93	21	levels	level	NOUN
cte-838	93	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	94	1	scaffolding	scaffold	VERB
cte-838	94	2	to	to	PART
cte-838	94	3	help	help	VERB
cte-838	94	4	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	94	5	engage	engage	VERB
cte-838	94	6	in	in	ADP
cte-838	94	7	sense	sense	NOUN
cte-838	94	8	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	94	9	making	make	VERB
cte-838	94	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	94	11	manage	manage	VERB
cte-838	94	12	their	their	PRON
cte-838	94	13	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	94	14	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	94	15	solving	solve	VERB
cte-838	94	16	processes	process	NOUN
cte-838	94	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	95	1	wu	wu	PROPN
cte-838	95	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	95	3	lo	lo	PROPN
cte-838	96	1	[	[	X
cte-838	96	2	64	64	NUM
cte-838	96	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	96	4	found	find	VERB
cte-838	96	5	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	96	6	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
cte-838	96	7	worked	work	VERB
cte-838	96	8	examples	example	NOUN
cte-838	96	9	into	into	ADP
cte-838	96	10	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	96	11	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	96	12	based	base	VERB
cte-838	96	13	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	96	14	activities	activity	NOUN
cte-838	96	15	significantly	significantly	ADV
cte-838	96	16	enhanced	enhance	VERB
cte-838	96	17	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	96	18	’	’	PART
cte-838	96	19	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	96	20	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	96	21	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	96	22	solving	solve	VERB
cte-838	96	23	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	96	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	97	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	97	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	97	3	involved	involve	VERB
cte-838	97	4	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	97	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	97	6	series	series	NOUN
cte-838	97	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	97	8	geometric	geometric	ADJ
cte-838	97	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	97	10	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	97	11	developed	develop	VERB
cte-838	97	12	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	97	13	tested	test	VERB
cte-838	97	14	in	in	ADP
cte-838	97	15	a	a	DET
cte-838	97	16	pilot	pilot	NOUN
cte-838	97	17	study	study	NOUN
cte-838	97	18	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	97	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	97	20	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	97	21	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	97	22	structured	structured	ADJ
cte-838	97	23	pbl	pbl	NOUN
cte-838	97	24	can	can	AUX
cte-838	97	25	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	97	26	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	97	27	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	97	28	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	97	29	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	98	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	98	2	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	98	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	98	4	pbl	pbl	PROPN
cte-838	98	5	in	in	ADP
cte-838	98	6	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	98	7	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	98	8	is	be	AUX
cte-838	98	9	further	far	ADV
cte-838	98	10	supported	support	VERB
cte-838	98	11	by	by	ADP
cte-838	98	12	souza	souza	PROPN
cte-838	98	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	98	14	bittencourt	bittencourt	NOUN
cte-838	98	15	[	[	X
cte-838	98	16	55	55	NUM
cte-838	98	17	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	98	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	98	19	who	who	PRON
cte-838	98	20	analyzed	analyze	VERB
cte-838	98	21	the	the	DET
cte-838	98	22	impact	impact	NOUN
cte-838	98	23	of	of	ADP
cte-838	98	24	using	use	VERB
cte-838	98	25	a	a	DET
cte-838	98	26	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	98	27	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	98	28	based	base	VERB
cte-838	98	29	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	98	30	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	98	31	on	on	ADP
cte-838	98	32	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	98	33	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	98	34	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	98	35	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	98	36	in	in	ADP
cte-838	98	37	an	an	DET
cte-838	98	38	introductory	introductory	ADJ
cte-838	98	39	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	98	40	course	course	NOUN
cte-838	98	41	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	99	1	they	they	PRON
cte-838	99	2	discovered	discover	VERB
cte-838	99	3	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	99	4	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	99	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	99	6	pbl	pbl	NOUN
cte-838	99	7	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	99	8	relates	relate	VERB
cte-838	99	9	to	to	ADP
cte-838	99	10	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	99	11	’	’	PART
cte-838	99	12	attention	attention	NOUN
cte-838	99	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	99	14	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	99	15	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	99	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	99	17	though	though	SCONJ
cte-838	99	18	they	they	PRON
cte-838	99	19	caution	caution	VERB
cte-838	99	20	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	99	21	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	99	22	there	there	PRON
cte-838	99	23	must	must	AUX
cte-838	99	24	be	be	AUX
cte-838	99	25	careful	careful	ADJ
cte-838	99	26	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	99	27	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	99	28	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	99	29	planning	planning	NOUN
cte-838	99	30	in	in	ADP
cte-838	99	31	order	order	NOUN
cte-838	99	32	to	to	PART
cte-838	99	33	positively	positively	ADV
cte-838	99	34	relate	relate	VERB
cte-838	99	35	to	to	ADP
cte-838	99	36	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	99	37	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	99	38	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	99	39	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	99	40	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	99	41	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	100	1	3.1.4	3.1.4	NUM
cte-838	100	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	100	3	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	100	4	with	with	ADP
cte-838	100	5	ai	ai	INTJ
cte-838	100	6	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	100	7	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	100	8	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	100	9	frequently	frequently	ADV
cte-838	100	10	occurs	occur	VERB
cte-838	100	11	within	within	ADP
cte-838	100	12	broader	broad	ADJ
cte-838	100	13	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cte-838	100	14	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	100	15	curricula	curricula	NOUN
cte-838	100	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	100	17	where	where	SCONJ
cte-838	100	18	its	its	PRON
cte-838	100	19	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	100	20	foundations	foundation	NOUN
cte-838	100	21	serve	serve	VERB
cte-838	100	22	as	as	ADP
cte-838	100	23	a	a	DET
cte-838	100	24	bridge	bridge	NOUN
cte-838	100	25	between	between	ADP
cte-838	100	26	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
cte-838	100	27	ai	ai	NOUN
cte-838	100	28	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	100	29	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	100	30	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	100	31	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cte-838	100	32	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	101	1	zhang	zhang	PROPN
cte-838	101	2	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	101	3	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	101	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	102	1	[	[	X
cte-838	102	2	65	65	NUM
cte-838	102	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	102	4	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	102	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	102	6	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	102	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	102	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	102	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	102	10	with	with	ADP
cte-838	102	11	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	102	12	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	102	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	102	14	developing	develop	VERB
cte-838	102	15	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	102	16	two	two	NUM
cte-838	102	17	modules	module	NOUN
cte-838	102	18	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	102	19	one	one	NUM
cte-838	102	20	for	for	ADP
cte-838	102	21	chemistry	chemistry	NOUN
cte-838	102	22	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	102	23	the	the	DET
cte-838	102	24	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	102	25	for	for	ADP
cte-838	102	26	chemistry	chemistry	NOUN
cte-838	102	27	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	102	28	physics	physics	NOUN
cte-838	102	29	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	102	30	implemented	implement	VERB
cte-838	102	31	in	in	ADP
cte-838	102	32	an	an	DET
cte-838	102	33	elective	elective	ADJ
cte-838	102	34	course	course	NOUN
cte-838	102	35	for	for	ADP
cte-838	102	36	8th	8th	ADJ
cte-838	102	37	graders	grader	NOUN
cte-838	102	38	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	103	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	103	2	findings	finding	NOUN
cte-838	103	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
cte-838	103	4	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	103	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	103	6	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	103	7	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	103	8	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	103	9	based	base	VERB
cte-838	103	10	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	103	11	is	be	AUX
cte-838	103	12	accessible	accessible	ADJ
cte-838	103	13	to	to	ADP
cte-838	103	14	the	the	DET
cte-838	103	15	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	103	16	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	103	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	103	18	suggesting	suggest	VERB
cte-838	103	19	potential	potential	NOUN
cte-838	103	20	for	for	ADP
cte-838	103	21	broader	broad	ADJ
cte-838	103	22	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	103	23	across	across	ADP
cte-838	103	24	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	103	25	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	103	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	104	1	at	at	ADP
cte-838	104	2	university	university	NOUN
cte-838	104	3	level	level	NOUN
cte-838	104	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	104	5	page	page	NOUN
cte-838	104	6	[	[	X
cte-838	104	7	44	44	NUM
cte-838	104	8	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	104	9	argues	argue	VERB
cte-838	104	10	for	for	ADP
cte-838	104	11	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	104	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	104	13	in	in	ADP
cte-838	104	14	the	the	DET
cte-838	104	15	undergraduate	undergraduate	NOUN
cte-838	104	16	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	104	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	104	18	noting	note	VERB
cte-838	104	19	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	104	20	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	104	21	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	104	22	provides	provide	VERB
cte-838	104	23	the	the	DET
cte-838	104	24	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
cte-838	104	25	basis	basis	NOUN
cte-838	104	26	for	for	ADP
cte-838	104	27	hardware	hardware	NOUN
cte-838	104	28	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	104	29	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	104	30	software	software	NOUN
cte-838	104	31	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	104	32	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	104	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	105	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	105	2	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	105	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	105	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	105	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	105	6	within	within	ADP
cte-838	105	7	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	105	8	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	105	9	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	105	10	enables	enable	VERB
cte-838	105	11	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	105	12	to	to	PART
cte-838	105	13	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	105	14	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cte-838	105	15	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	105	16	applicable	applicable	ADJ
cte-838	105	17	across	across	ADP
cte-838	105	18	various	various	ADJ
cte-838	105	19	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	105	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	106	1	403	403	NUM
cte-838	106	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	106	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	106	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	106	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	106	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	106	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	106	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	106	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	106	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	106	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	106	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	106	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	106	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	107	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	107	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	107	3	3.2	3.2	NUM
cte-838	107	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	108	1	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	108	2	set	set	VERB
cte-838	108	3	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	108	4	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
cte-838	108	5	3.2.1	3.2.1	NUM
cte-838	108	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	109	1	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	109	2	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	109	3	first	first	ADV
cte-838	109	4	approaches	approach	VERB
cte-838	109	5	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	109	6	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
cte-838	109	7	frequently	frequently	ADV
cte-838	109	8	employs	employ	VERB
cte-838	109	9	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	109	10	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	109	11	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	109	12	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	109	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	109	14	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
cte-838	109	15	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	109	16	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	109	17	over	over	ADP
cte-838	109	18	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
cte-838	109	19	details	detail	NOUN
cte-838	109	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	110	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	110	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	110	3	aligns	align	VERB
cte-838	110	4	with	with	ADP
cte-838	110	5	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	110	6	’s	’s	PART
cte-838	110	7	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	110	8	nature	nature	NOUN
cte-838	110	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	110	10	where	where	SCONJ
cte-838	110	11	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	110	12	specification	specification	NOUN
cte-838	110	13	takes	take	VERB
cte-838	110	14	precedence	precedence	NOUN
cte-838	110	15	over	over	ADP
cte-838	110	16	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	110	17	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cte-838	110	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	111	1	paramonov	paramonov	PROPN
cte-838	111	2	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	111	3	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	111	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	112	1	[	[	X
cte-838	112	2	45	45	NUM
cte-838	112	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	112	4	introduced	introduce	VERB
cte-838	112	5	sketched	sketch	VERB
cte-838	112	6	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	112	7	set	set	VERB
cte-838	112	8	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	112	9	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	112	10	skasp	skasp	NOUN
cte-838	112	11	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	112	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	112	13	a	a	DET
cte-838	112	14	novel	novel	ADJ
cte-838	112	15	method	method	NOUN
cte-838	112	16	aimed	aim	VERB
cte-838	112	17	at	at	ADP
cte-838	112	18	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
cte-838	112	19	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	112	20	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	112	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	113	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	113	2	this	this	DET
cte-838	113	3	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	113	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	113	5	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	113	6	the	the	DET
cte-838	113	7	user	user	NOUN
cte-838	113	8	writes	write	VERB
cte-838	113	9	partial	partial	ADJ
cte-838	113	10	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	113	11	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	113	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	113	13	in	in	ADP
cte-838	113	14	which	which	PRON
cte-838	113	15	uncertain	uncertain	ADJ
cte-838	113	16	parts	part	NOUN
cte-838	113	17	are	be	AUX
cte-838	113	18	left	leave	VERB
cte-838	113	19	open	open	ADJ
cte-838	113	20	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	113	21	marked	mark	VERB
cte-838	113	22	with	with	ADP
cte-838	113	23	question	question	NOUN
cte-838	113	24	marks	mark	NOUN
cte-838	113	25	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	113	26	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	113	27	providing	provide	VERB
cte-838	113	28	examples	example	NOUN
cte-838	113	29	of	of	ADP
cte-838	113	30	desired	desire	VERB
cte-838	113	31	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	113	32	behavior	behavior	NOUN
cte-838	113	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	114	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	114	2	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	114	3	then	then	ADV
cte-838	114	4	synthesizes	synthesize	VERB
cte-838	114	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	114	6	complete	complete	ADJ
cte-838	114	7	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	114	8	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	114	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	114	10	reducing	reduce	VERB
cte-838	114	11	the	the	DET
cte-838	114	12	complexity	complexity	NOUN
cte-838	114	13	of	of	ADP
cte-838	114	14	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	114	15	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	114	16	for	for	ADP
cte-838	114	17	novices	novice	NOUN
cte-838	114	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	115	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	115	2	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	115	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	115	4	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	115	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	115	6	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	115	7	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	115	8	is	be	AUX
cte-838	115	9	reinforced	reinforce	VERB
cte-838	115	10	by	by	ADP
cte-838	115	11	schaub	schaub	PROPN
cte-838	115	12	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	115	13	woltran	woltran	ADJ
cte-838	115	14	[	[	X
cte-838	115	15	52	52	NUM
cte-838	115	16	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	115	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	115	18	who	who	PRON
cte-838	115	19	notes	note	VERB
cte-838	115	20	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	115	21	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	115	22	’s	’s	PART
cte-838	115	23	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	115	24	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	115	25	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	115	26	allows	allow	VERB
cte-838	115	27	a	a	DET
cte-838	115	28	user	user	NOUN
cte-838	115	29	to	to	PART
cte-838	115	30	concentrate	concentrate	VERB
cte-838	115	31	on	on	ADP
cte-838	115	32	a	a	DET
cte-838	115	33	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	115	34	’s	’s	PART
cte-838	115	35	specification	specification	NOUN
cte-838	115	36	rather	rather	ADV
cte-838	115	37	than	than	ADP
cte-838	115	38	the	the	DET
cte-838	115	39	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	115	40	means	mean	NOUN
cte-838	115	41	to	to	PART
cte-838	115	42	solve	solve	VERB
cte-838	115	43	it	it	PRON
cte-838	115	44	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	115	45	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	116	1	this	this	PRON
cte-838	116	2	makes	make	VERB
cte-838	116	3	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	116	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	116	5	suitable	suitable	ADJ
cte-838	116	6	for	for	ADP
cte-838	116	7	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	116	8	key	key	ADJ
cte-838	116	9	ai	ai	VERB
cte-838	116	10	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	116	11	through	through	ADP
cte-838	116	12	concise	concise	ADJ
cte-838	116	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	116	14	elaboration	elaboration	NOUN
cte-838	116	15	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	116	16	tolerant	tolerant	ADJ
cte-838	116	17	representations	representation	NOUN
cte-838	116	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	117	1	3.2.2	3.2.2	NUM
cte-838	117	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	117	3	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	117	4	for	for	ADP
cte-838	117	5	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	117	6	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	117	7	several	several	ADJ
cte-838	117	8	specialized	specialized	ADJ
cte-838	117	9	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	117	10	support	support	VERB
cte-838	117	11	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	117	12	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	117	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	118	1	bertagnon	bertagnon	NOUN
cte-838	118	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	118	3	gavanelli	gavanelli	NOUN
cte-838	119	1	[	[	X
cte-838	119	2	7	7	X
cte-838	119	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	119	4	presents	present	NOUN
cte-838	119	5	aspect	aspect	NOUN
cte-838	119	6	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	119	7	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	119	8	set	set	VERB
cte-838	119	9	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	119	10	as	as	ADP
cte-838	119	11	vector	vector	NOUN
cte-838	119	12	graphics	graphic	NOUN
cte-838	119	13	in	in	ADP
cte-838	119	14	latex	latex	PROPN
cte-838	119	15	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	119	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	119	17	a	a	DET
cte-838	119	18	sublanguage	sublanguage	NOUN
cte-838	119	19	of	of	ADP
cte-838	119	20	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	119	21	that	that	PRON
cte-838	119	22	enables	enable	VERB
cte-838	119	23	users	user	NOUN
cte-838	119	24	to	to	PART
cte-838	119	25	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	119	26	directly	directly	ADV
cte-838	119	27	define	define	VERB
cte-838	119	28	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	119	29	in	in	ADP
cte-838	119	30	an	an	DET
cte-838	119	31	intuitive	intuitive	ADJ
cte-838	119	32	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	119	33	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	119	34	way	way	NOUN
cte-838	119	35	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	119	36	a	a	DET
cte-838	119	37	graphical	graphical	ADJ
cte-838	119	38	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	119	39	of	of	ADP
cte-838	119	40	the	the	DET
cte-838	119	41	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	119	42	set	set	NOUN
cte-838	119	43	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	119	44	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	120	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	120	2	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	120	3	capability	capability	NOUN
cte-838	120	4	helps	help	VERB
cte-838	120	5	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	120	6	interpret	interpret	VERB
cte-838	120	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	120	8	often	often	ADV
cte-838	120	9	complex	complex	ADJ
cte-838	120	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	120	11	verbose	verbose	VERB
cte-838	120	12	output	output	NOUN
cte-838	120	13	of	of	ADP
cte-838	120	14	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	120	15	solvers	solver	NOUN
cte-838	120	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	121	1	another	another	DET
cte-838	121	2	notable	notable	ADJ
cte-838	121	3	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	121	4	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	121	5	is	be	AUX
cte-838	121	6	onlinesparc	onlinesparc	PRON
cte-838	121	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	121	8	described	describe	VERB
cte-838	121	9	by	by	ADP
cte-838	121	10	marcopoulos	marcopoulos	PROPN
cte-838	121	11	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	121	12	zhang	zhang	PROPN
cte-838	122	1	[	[	X
cte-838	122	2	39	39	NUM
cte-838	122	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	122	4	as	as	ADP
cte-838	122	5	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	122	6	an	an	DET
cte-838	122	7	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	122	8	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	122	9	environment	environment	NOUN
cte-838	122	10	with	with	ADP
cte-838	122	11	a	a	DET
cte-838	122	12	self	self	NOUN
cte-838	122	13	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	122	14	contained	contain	VERB
cte-838	122	15	file	file	NOUN
cte-838	122	16	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	122	17	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	122	18	a	a	DET
cte-838	122	19	simple	simple	ADJ
cte-838	122	20	interface	interface	NOUN
cte-838	122	21	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	122	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	123	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	123	2	platform	platform	NOUN
cte-838	123	3	allows	allow	VERB
cte-838	123	4	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	123	5	to	to	PART
cte-838	123	6	edit	edit	VERB
cte-838	123	7	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	123	8	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	123	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	123	10	perform	perform	VERB
cte-838	123	11	various	various	ADJ
cte-838	123	12	tasks	task	NOUN
cte-838	123	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	123	14	including	include	VERB
cte-838	123	15	querying	query	VERB
cte-838	123	16	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	123	17	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	123	18	producing	produce	VERB
cte-838	123	19	visualizations	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	123	20	based	base	VERB
cte-838	123	21	on	on	ADP
cte-838	123	22	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	123	23	sets	set	NOUN
cte-838	123	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	124	1	by	by	ADP
cte-838	124	2	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
cte-838	124	3	the	the	DET
cte-838	124	4	complexity	complexity	NOUN
cte-838	124	5	of	of	ADP
cte-838	124	6	downloading	download	VERB
cte-838	124	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	124	8	installing	instal	VERB
cte-838	124	9	specialized	specialized	ADJ
cte-838	124	10	software	software	NOUN
cte-838	124	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	124	12	onlinesparc	onlinesparc	PRON
cte-838	124	13	reduces	reduce	VERB
cte-838	124	14	barriers	barrier	NOUN
cte-838	124	15	to	to	ADP
cte-838	124	16	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	124	17	adoption	adoption	NOUN
cte-838	124	18	in	in	ADP
cte-838	124	19	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	124	20	settings	setting	NOUN
cte-838	124	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	125	1	experimental	experimental	ADJ
cte-838	125	2	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	125	3	like	like	ADP
cte-838	125	4	asprilo	asprilo	NOUN
cte-838	125	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	125	6	presented	present	VERB
cte-838	125	7	by	by	ADP
cte-838	125	8	gebser	gebser	PROPN
cte-838	125	9	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	125	10	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	125	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	126	1	[	[	X
cte-838	126	2	18	18	NUM
cte-838	126	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	126	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	126	5	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	126	6	domain	domain	NOUN
cte-838	126	7	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	126	8	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	126	9	frameworks	framework	NOUN
cte-838	126	10	for	for	ADP
cte-838	126	11	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	126	12	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	126	13	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	126	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	127	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	127	2	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	127	3	supports	support	VERB
cte-838	127	4	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	127	5	experimental	experimental	ADJ
cte-838	127	6	studies	study	NOUN
cte-838	127	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	127	8	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	127	9	addressing	address	VERB
cte-838	127	10	complex	complex	ADJ
cte-838	127	11	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
cte-838	127	12	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	127	13	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	127	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	127	15	with	with	ADP
cte-838	127	16	a	a	DET
cte-838	127	17	focus	focus	NOUN
cte-838	127	18	on	on	ADP
cte-838	127	19	robotic	robotic	ADJ
cte-838	127	20	intra	intra	NOUN
cte-838	127	21	-	-	NOUN
cte-838	127	22	logistics	logistic	NOUN
cte-838	127	23	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	127	24	combining	combine	VERB
cte-838	127	25	multi	multi	ADJ
cte-838	127	26	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	127	27	agent	agent	ADJ
cte-838	127	28	planning	planning	NOUN
cte-838	127	29	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	127	30	reasoning	reason	VERB
cte-838	127	31	about	about	ADP
cte-838	127	32	action	action	NOUN
cte-838	127	33	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	127	34	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	127	35	resource	resource	NOUN
cte-838	127	36	management	management	NOUN
cte-838	127	37	within	within	ADP
cte-838	127	38	a	a	DET
cte-838	127	39	unified	unified	ADJ
cte-838	127	40	framework	framework	NOUN
cte-838	127	41	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	128	1	3.2.3	3.2.3	X
cte-838	128	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	128	3	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	128	4	with	with	ADP
cte-838	128	5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	128	6	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	128	7	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	128	8	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	128	9	is	be	AUX
cte-838	128	10	frequently	frequently	ADV
cte-838	128	11	taught	teach	VERB
cte-838	128	12	within	within	ADP
cte-838	128	13	the	the	DET
cte-838	128	14	context	context	NOUN
cte-838	128	15	of	of	ADP
cte-838	128	16	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	128	17	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	128	18	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	128	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	128	20	where	where	SCONJ
cte-838	128	21	its	its	PRON
cte-838	128	22	formal	formal	ADJ
cte-838	128	23	semantics	semantic	NOUN
cte-838	128	24	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	128	25	expressive	expressive	ADJ
cte-838	128	26	power	power	NOUN
cte-838	128	27	make	make	VERB
cte-838	128	28	it	it	PRON
cte-838	128	29	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	128	30	suitable	suitable	ADJ
cte-838	128	31	for	for	ADP
cte-838	128	32	modeling	model	VERB
cte-838	128	33	complex	complex	ADJ
cte-838	128	34	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	128	35	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	129	1	genesereth	genesereth	PROPN
cte-838	130	1	[	[	PUNCT
cte-838	130	2	20	20	NUM
cte-838	130	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	130	4	identifies	identify	VERB
cte-838	130	5	general	general	ADJ
cte-838	130	6	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	130	7	playing	playing	NOUN
cte-838	130	8	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	130	9	ggp	ggp	NOUN
cte-838	130	10	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	130	11	as	as	ADP
cte-838	130	12	a	a	DET
cte-838	130	13	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	130	14	killer	killer	NOUN
cte-838	130	15	app	app	NOUN
cte-838	130	16	for	for	ADP
cte-838	130	17	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	130	18	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	130	19	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	130	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	130	21	finding	find	VERB
cte-838	130	22	it	it	PRON
cte-838	130	23	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	130	24	especially	especially	ADV
cte-838	130	25	well	well	ADV
cte-838	130	26	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	130	27	suited	suit	VERB
cte-838	130	28	to	to	ADP
cte-838	130	29	lp	lp	NOUN
cte-838	130	30	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	130	31	for	for	ADP
cte-838	130	32	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	130	33	purposes	purpose	NOUN
cte-838	130	34	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	131	1	by	by	ADP
cte-838	131	2	analyzing	analyze	VERB
cte-838	131	3	the	the	DET
cte-838	131	4	components	component	NOUN
cte-838	131	5	of	of	ADP
cte-838	131	6	ggp	ggp	PROPN
cte-838	131	7	–	–	PUNCT
cte-838	131	8	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	131	9	description	description	NOUN
cte-838	131	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	131	11	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	131	12	playing	playing	NOUN
cte-838	131	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	131	14	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	131	15	metagaming	metagaming	NOUN
cte-838	131	16	–	–	PUNCT
cte-838	131	17	educators	educator	NOUN
cte-838	131	18	can	can	AUX
cte-838	131	19	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
cte-838	131	20	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	131	21	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	131	22	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	131	23	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	131	24	apply	apply	VERB
cte-838	131	25	to	to	ADP
cte-838	131	26	engaging	engage	VERB
cte-838	131	27	realworld	realworld	PROPN
cte-838	131	28	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	131	29	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	132	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	132	2	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	132	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	132	4	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	132	5	with	with	ADP
cte-838	132	6	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	132	7	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cte-838	132	8	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	132	9	is	be	AUX
cte-838	132	10	exemplified	exemplify	VERB
cte-838	132	11	by	by	ADP
cte-838	132	12	el	el	PROPN
cte-838	132	13	-	-	PROPN
cte-838	132	14	khatib	khatib	PROPN
cte-838	132	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	132	16	pontelli	pontelli	ADJ
cte-838	132	17	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	132	18	son	son	NOUN
cte-838	132	19	[	[	X
cte-838	132	20	14	14	NUM
cte-838	132	21	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	132	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	132	23	who	who	PRON
cte-838	132	24	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	132	25	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	132	26	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	132	27	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	132	28	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	132	29	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	132	30	a	a	DET
cte-838	132	31	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	132	32	which	which	PRON
cte-838	132	33	provides	provide	VERB
cte-838	132	34	a	a	DET
cte-838	132	35	tight	tight	ADJ
cte-838	132	36	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	132	37	well	well	ADV
cte-838	132	38	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	132	39	defined	define	VERB
cte-838	132	40	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	132	41	of	of	ADP
cte-838	132	42	a	a	DET
cte-838	132	43	multi	multi	ADJ
cte-838	132	44	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	132	45	paradigm	paradigm	ADJ
cte-838	132	46	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	132	47	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	132	48	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	132	49	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	132	50	ciao	ciao	X
cte-838	132	51	prolog	prolog	PROPN
cte-838	132	52	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	132	53	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	132	54	answer	answer	VERB
cte-838	132	55	set	set	VERB
cte-838	132	56	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	132	57	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	132	58	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	133	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	133	2	combined	combine	VERB
cte-838	133	3	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	133	4	enables	enable	VERB
cte-838	133	5	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	133	6	to	to	PART
cte-838	133	7	explore	explore	VERB
cte-838	133	8	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	133	9	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cte-838	133	10	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cte-838	133	11	within	within	ADP
cte-838	133	12	a	a	DET
cte-838	133	13	unified	unified	ADJ
cte-838	133	14	framework	framework	NOUN
cte-838	133	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	133	16	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cte-838	133	17	their	their	PRON
cte-838	133	18	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	133	19	of	of	ADP
cte-838	133	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	133	21	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	133	22	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	133	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	134	1	404	404	NUM
cte-838	134	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	134	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	134	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	134	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	134	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	134	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	134	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	134	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	134	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	134	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	134	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	134	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	134	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	135	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	135	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	135	3	3.3	3.3	NUM
cte-838	135	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	136	1	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	136	2	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	136	3	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	136	4	3.3.1	3.3.1	NUM
cte-838	136	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	137	1	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	137	2	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	137	3	constraint	constraint	VERB
cte-838	137	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	137	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	137	6	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	137	7	clp	clp	PROPN
cte-838	137	8	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	137	9	combines	combine	VERB
cte-838	137	10	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	137	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	137	12	with	with	ADP
cte-838	137	13	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	137	14	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	137	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	137	16	requiring	require	VERB
cte-838	137	17	specialized	specialized	ADJ
cte-838	137	18	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	137	19	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	137	20	that	that	PRON
cte-838	137	21	address	address	VERB
cte-838	137	22	both	both	DET
cte-838	137	23	paradigms	paradigm	VERB
cte-838	137	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	138	1	szeredi	szeredi	PROPN
cte-838	139	1	[	[	X
cte-838	139	2	56	56	NUM
cte-838	139	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	139	4	describes	describe	VERB
cte-838	139	5	experiences	experience	NOUN
cte-838	139	6	of	of	ADP
cte-838	139	7	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	139	8	constraints	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	139	9	through	through	ADP
cte-838	139	10	logic	logic	ADJ
cte-838	139	11	puzzles	puzzle	NOUN
cte-838	139	12	at	at	ADP
cte-838	139	13	the	the	DET
cte-838	139	14	budapest	budapest	PROPN
cte-838	139	15	university	university	PROPN
cte-838	139	16	of	of	ADP
cte-838	139	17	technology	technology	NOUN
cte-838	139	18	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	139	19	economics	economic	NOUN
cte-838	139	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	140	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	140	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	140	3	uses	use	VERB
cte-838	140	4	puzzles	puzzle	NOUN
cte-838	140	5	to	to	PART
cte-838	140	6	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
cte-838	140	7	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	140	8	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	140	9	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	140	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	140	11	making	make	VERB
cte-838	140	12	abstract	abstract	ADJ
cte-838	140	13	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	140	14	concrete	concrete	ADJ
cte-838	140	15	through	through	ADP
cte-838	140	16	engaging	engaging	ADJ
cte-838	140	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	140	18	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	140	19	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	140	20	like	like	ADJ
cte-838	140	21	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	140	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	141	1	a	a	DET
cte-838	141	2	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cte-838	141	3	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	141	4	to	to	ADP
cte-838	141	5	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	141	6	clp	clp	NOUN
cte-838	141	7	is	be	AUX
cte-838	141	8	presented	present	VERB
cte-838	141	9	by	by	ADP
cte-838	141	10	apt	apt	ADJ
cte-838	141	11	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	141	12	wallace	wallace	NOUN
cte-838	142	1	[	[	X
cte-838	142	2	3	3	X
cte-838	142	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	142	4	in	in	ADP
cte-838	142	5	their	their	PRON
cte-838	142	6	work	work	NOUN
cte-838	142	7	on	on	ADP
cte-838	142	8	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	142	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	142	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	142	11	using	use	VERB
cte-838	142	12	eclipse	eclipse	NOUN
cte-838	142	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	143	1	they	they	PRON
cte-838	143	2	propose	propose	VERB
cte-838	143	3	a	a	DET
cte-838	143	4	systematic	systematic	ADJ
cte-838	143	5	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cte-838	143	6	through	through	ADP
cte-838	143	7	carefully	carefully	ADV
cte-838	143	8	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	143	9	chosen	choose	VERB
cte-838	143	10	examples	example	NOUN
cte-838	143	11	that	that	PRON
cte-838	143	12	guide	guide	VERB
cte-838	143	13	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	143	14	through	through	ADP
cte-838	143	15	the	the	DET
cte-838	143	16	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	143	17	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	143	18	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	143	19	its	its	PRON
cte-838	143	20	expressive	expressive	ADJ
cte-838	143	21	power	power	NOUN
cte-838	143	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	143	23	versatility	versatility	NOUN
cte-838	143	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	143	25	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	143	26	utility	utility	NOUN
cte-838	143	27	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	144	1	fages	fag	VERB
cte-838	145	1	[	[	X
cte-838	145	2	16	16	NUM
cte-838	145	3	]	]	X
cte-838	145	4	advocates	advocate	NOUN
cte-838	145	5	using	use	VERB
cte-838	145	6	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	145	7	with	with	ADP
cte-838	145	8	its	its	PRON
cte-838	145	9	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	145	10	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	145	11	solving	solve	VERB
cte-838	145	12	libraries	library	NOUN
cte-838	145	13	as	as	ADP
cte-838	145	14	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	145	15	a	a	DET
cte-838	145	16	unique	unique	ADJ
cte-838	145	17	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	145	18	to	to	PART
cte-838	145	19	teach	teach	VERB
cte-838	145	20	all	all	DET
cte-838	145	21	aspects	aspect	NOUN
cte-838	145	22	of	of	ADP
cte-838	145	23	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	145	24	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	145	25	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	145	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	146	1	by	by	ADP
cte-838	146	2	adding	add	VERB
cte-838	146	3	higher	high	ADJ
cte-838	146	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	146	5	level	level	NOUN
cte-838	146	6	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
cte-838	146	7	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	146	8	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	146	9	constructs	construct	NOUN
cte-838	146	10	to	to	PART
cte-838	146	11	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	146	12	libraries	library	NOUN
cte-838	146	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	146	14	educators	educator	NOUN
cte-838	146	15	can	can	AUX
cte-838	146	16	create	create	VERB
cte-838	146	17	an	an	DET
cte-838	146	18	integrated	integrate	VERB
cte-838	146	19	environment	environment	NOUN
cte-838	146	20	for	for	ADP
cte-838	146	21	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	146	22	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	146	23	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	146	24	based	base	VERB
cte-838	146	25	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	146	26	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	146	27	search	search	NOUN
cte-838	146	28	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	146	29	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	146	30	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	146	31	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	146	32	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	146	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	147	1	3.3.2	3.3.2	X
cte-838	147	2	.	.	X
cte-838	147	3	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	147	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	147	5	based	base	VERB
cte-838	147	6	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	147	7	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	147	8	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	147	9	based	base	VERB
cte-838	147	10	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	147	11	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	147	12	in	in	ADP
cte-838	147	13	clp	clp	NOUN
cte-838	147	14	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
cte-838	147	15	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	147	16	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	147	17	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	147	18	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	147	19	in	in	ADP
cte-838	147	20	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	147	21	such	such	ADJ
cte-838	147	22	as	as	ADP
cte-838	147	23	scheduling	scheduling	NOUN
cte-838	147	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	147	25	planning	planning	NOUN
cte-838	147	26	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	147	27	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	147	28	optimization	optimization	NOUN
cte-838	147	29	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	148	1	kerdprasop	kerdprasop	PROPN
cte-838	148	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	148	3	kerdprasop	kerdprasop	PROPN
cte-838	149	1	[	[	X
cte-838	149	2	28	28	NUM
cte-838	149	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	149	4	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	149	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	149	6	use	use	NOUN
cte-838	149	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	149	8	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	149	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	149	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	149	11	for	for	ADP
cte-838	149	12	frequent	frequent	ADJ
cte-838	149	13	pattern	pattern	NOUN
cte-838	149	14	discovery	discovery	NOUN
cte-838	149	15	in	in	ADP
cte-838	149	16	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	149	17	discovery	discovery	NOUN
cte-838	149	18	tasks	task	NOUN
cte-838	149	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	150	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	150	2	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cte-838	150	3	on	on	ADP
cte-838	150	4	the	the	DET
cte-838	150	5	eclipse	eclipse	NOUN
cte-838	150	6	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	150	7	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	150	8	provides	provide	VERB
cte-838	150	9	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	150	10	with	with	ADP
cte-838	150	11	hands	hand	NOUN
cte-838	150	12	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	150	13	on	on	ADP
cte-838	150	14	experience	experience	NOUN
cte-838	150	15	applying	apply	VERB
cte-838	150	16	clp	clp	NOUN
cte-838	150	17	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	150	18	to	to	ADP
cte-838	150	19	data	datum	NOUN
cte-838	150	20	mining	mining	NOUN
cte-838	150	21	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	150	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	151	1	another	another	DET
cte-838	151	2	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	151	3	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	151	4	is	be	AUX
cte-838	151	5	presented	present	VERB
cte-838	151	6	by	by	ADP
cte-838	151	7	bădică	bădică	PROPN
cte-838	151	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	151	9	bădică	bădică	NOUN
cte-838	151	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	151	11	ivanović	ivanović	VERB
cte-838	152	1	[	[	X
cte-838	152	2	5	5	NUM
cte-838	152	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	152	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	152	5	who	who	PRON
cte-838	152	6	uses	use	VERB
cte-838	152	7	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	152	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	152	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	152	10	to	to	PART
cte-838	152	11	model	model	VERB
cte-838	152	12	block	block	NOUN
cte-838	152	13	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	152	14	structured	structure	VERB
cte-838	152	15	scheduling	scheduling	NOUN
cte-838	152	16	processes	process	NOUN
cte-838	152	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	153	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	153	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	153	3	allows	allow	VERB
cte-838	153	4	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	153	5	to	to	PART
cte-838	153	6	explore	explore	VERB
cte-838	153	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	153	8	relationship	relationship	NOUN
cte-838	153	9	between	between	ADP
cte-838	153	10	business	business	NOUN
cte-838	153	11	process	process	NOUN
cte-838	153	12	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	153	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	153	14	project	project	NOUN
cte-838	153	15	scheduling	scheduling	NOUN
cte-838	153	16	using	use	VERB
cte-838	153	17	clp	clp	NOUN
cte-838	153	18	as	as	ADP
cte-838	153	19	an	an	DET
cte-838	153	20	integrative	integrative	ADJ
cte-838	153	21	framework	framework	NOUN
cte-838	153	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	154	1	dal	dal	NOUN
cte-838	154	2	palù	palù	NOUN
cte-838	154	3	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	154	4	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	154	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	155	1	[	[	X
cte-838	155	2	11	11	NUM
cte-838	155	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	155	4	describes	describe	VERB
cte-838	155	5	using	use	VERB
cte-838	155	6	clp	clp	NOUN
cte-838	155	7	for	for	ADP
cte-838	155	8	exploring	explore	VERB
cte-838	155	9	protein	protein	NOUN
cte-838	155	10	fragment	fragment	NOUN
cte-838	155	11	assembly	assembly	NOUN
cte-838	155	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	155	13	illustrating	illustrate	VERB
cte-838	155	14	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	155	15	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	155	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	155	17	can	can	AUX
cte-838	155	18	address	address	VERB
cte-838	155	19	complex	complex	ADJ
cte-838	155	20	bioinformatics	bioinformatics	NOUN
cte-838	155	21	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	155	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	156	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	156	2	type	type	NOUN
cte-838	156	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	156	4	domain	domain	NOUN
cte-838	156	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	156	6	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	156	7	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	156	8	helps	help	VERB
cte-838	156	9	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	156	10	understand	understand	VERB
cte-838	156	11	the	the	DET
cte-838	156	12	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	156	13	utility	utility	NOUN
cte-838	156	14	of	of	ADP
cte-838	156	15	clp	clp	NOUN
cte-838	156	16	in	in	ADP
cte-838	156	17	scientific	scientific	ADJ
cte-838	156	18	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	156	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	157	1	3.4	3.4	NUM
cte-838	157	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	157	3	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	157	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	157	5	deductive	deductive	ADJ
cte-838	157	6	databases	database	NOUN
cte-838	157	7	3.4.1	3.4.1	NUM
cte-838	157	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	158	1	current	current	ADJ
cte-838	158	2	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	158	3	practices	practice	NOUN
cte-838	158	4	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	158	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	158	6	with	with	ADP
cte-838	158	7	its	its	PRON
cte-838	158	8	foundations	foundation	NOUN
cte-838	158	9	in	in	ADP
cte-838	158	10	deductive	deductive	ADJ
cte-838	158	11	databases	database	NOUN
cte-838	158	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	158	13	occupies	occupy	VERB
cte-838	158	14	a	a	DET
cte-838	158	15	unique	unique	ADJ
cte-838	158	16	position	position	NOUN
cte-838	158	17	between	between	ADP
cte-838	158	18	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	158	19	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	158	20	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	158	21	database	database	NOUN
cte-838	158	22	management	management	NOUN
cte-838	158	23	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	158	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	159	1	sáenz	sáenz	NOUN
cte-838	159	2	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	159	3	pérez	pérez	NOUN
cte-838	159	4	[	[	X
cte-838	159	5	51	51	NUM
cte-838	159	6	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	159	7	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	159	8	the	the	DET
cte-838	159	9	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	159	10	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	159	11	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	159	12	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	159	13	des	des	PROPN
cte-838	159	14	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	159	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	159	16	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	159	17	a	a	DET
cte-838	159	18	deductive	deductive	ADJ
cte-838	159	19	database	database	NOUN
cte-838	159	20	which	which	PRON
cte-838	159	21	supports	support	VERB
cte-838	159	22	both	both	CCONJ
cte-838	159	23	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	159	24	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	159	25	sql	sql	NOUN
cte-838	159	26	as	as	ADP
cte-838	159	27	query	query	NOUN
cte-838	159	28	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	159	29	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	159	30	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	160	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	160	2	duallanguage	duallanguage	NOUN
cte-838	160	3	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	160	4	enables	enable	VERB
cte-838	160	5	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	160	6	to	to	PART
cte-838	160	7	explore	explore	VERB
cte-838	160	8	the	the	DET
cte-838	160	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
cte-838	160	10	between	between	ADP
cte-838	160	11	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	160	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	160	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	160	14	relational	relational	ADJ
cte-838	160	15	database	database	NOUN
cte-838	160	16	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	160	17	within	within	ADP
cte-838	160	18	a	a	DET
cte-838	160	19	unified	unified	ADJ
cte-838	160	20	framework	framework	NOUN
cte-838	160	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	161	1	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	161	2	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	161	3	often	often	ADV
cte-838	161	4	involves	involve	VERB
cte-838	161	5	compiler	compiler	NOUN
cte-838	161	6	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	161	7	based	base	VERB
cte-838	161	8	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	161	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	162	1	cuteri	cuteri	NOUN
cte-838	162	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	162	3	ricca	ricca	VERB
cte-838	163	1	[	[	X
cte-838	163	2	10	10	NUM
cte-838	163	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	163	4	describes	describe	VERB
cte-838	163	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	163	6	compiler	compiler	NOUN
cte-838	163	7	for	for	ADP
cte-838	163	8	stratified	stratified	ADJ
cte-838	163	9	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	163	10	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	163	11	that	that	PRON
cte-838	163	12	transforms	transform	VERB
cte-838	163	13	a	a	DET
cte-838	163	14	given	give	VERB
cte-838	163	15	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	163	16	into	into	ADP
cte-838	163	17	a	a	DET
cte-838	163	18	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	163	19	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	163	20	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	163	21	executable	executable	ADJ
cte-838	163	22	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cte-838	163	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	164	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	164	2	technique	technique	NOUN
cte-838	164	3	helps	help	VERB
cte-838	164	4	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	164	5	understand	understand	VERB
cte-838	164	6	the	the	DET
cte-838	164	7	relationship	relationship	NOUN
cte-838	164	8	between	between	ADP
cte-838	164	9	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	164	10	specifications	specification	NOUN
cte-838	164	11	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	164	12	efficient	efficient	ADJ
cte-838	164	13	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	164	14	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cte-838	164	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	165	1	3.4.2	3.4.2	NUM
cte-838	165	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	165	3	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	165	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	165	5	platforms	platform	VERB
cte-838	165	6	several	several	ADJ
cte-838	165	7	specialized	specialized	ADJ
cte-838	165	8	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	165	9	support	support	VERB
cte-838	165	10	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	165	11	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	165	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	166	1	tran	tran	PROPN
cte-838	166	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	166	3	kato	kato	PROPN
cte-838	166	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	166	5	hu	hu	PROPN
cte-838	167	1	[	[	X
cte-838	167	2	58	58	NUM
cte-838	167	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	167	4	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	167	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	167	6	counterexample	counterexample	NOUN
cte-838	167	7	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	167	8	guided	guide	VERB
cte-838	167	9	debugger	debugger	NOUN
cte-838	167	10	for	for	ADP
cte-838	167	11	non	non	ADJ
cte-838	167	12	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	167	13	recursive	recursive	ADJ
cte-838	167	14	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	167	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	167	16	which	which	PRON
cte-838	167	17	helps	help	VERB
cte-838	167	18	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	167	19	understand	understand	VERB
cte-838	167	20	the	the	DET
cte-838	167	21	behavior	behavior	NOUN
cte-838	167	22	of	of	ADP
cte-838	167	23	their	their	PRON
cte-838	167	24	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	167	25	through	through	ADP
cte-838	167	26	concrete	concrete	ADJ
cte-838	167	27	counterexamples	counterexample	NOUN
cte-838	167	28	when	when	SCONJ
cte-838	167	29	expectations	expectation	NOUN
cte-838	167	30	are	be	AUX
cte-838	167	31	not	not	PART
cte-838	167	32	met	meet	VERB
cte-838	167	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	168	1	405	405	NUM
cte-838	168	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	168	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	168	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	168	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	168	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	168	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	168	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	168	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	168	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	168	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	168	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	168	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	168	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	169	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	169	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	169	3	another	another	DET
cte-838	169	4	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	169	5	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	169	6	involves	involve	VERB
cte-838	169	7	constraining	constrain	VERB
cte-838	169	8	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	169	9	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	169	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	170	1	skvortsov	skvortsov	NOUN
cte-838	170	2	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	170	3	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	170	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	171	1	[	[	X
cte-838	171	2	54	54	NUM
cte-838	171	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	171	4	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	171	5	logica	logica	PROPN
cte-838	171	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	171	7	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	171	8	an	an	DET
cte-838	171	9	open	open	ADJ
cte-838	171	10	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	171	11	source	source	NOUN
cte-838	171	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	171	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	171	14	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	171	15	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	171	16	that	that	PRON
cte-838	171	17	extends	extend	VERB
cte-838	171	18	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	171	19	with	with	ADP
cte-838	171	20	support	support	NOUN
cte-838	171	21	for	for	ADP
cte-838	171	22	numerical	numerical	ADJ
cte-838	171	23	computations	computation	NOUN
cte-838	171	24	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	171	25	integrates	integrate	NOUN
cte-838	171	26	with	with	ADP
cte-838	171	27	data	datum	NOUN
cte-838	171	28	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	171	29	toolchains	toolchain	NOUN
cte-838	171	30	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	172	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	172	2	modern	modern	ADJ
cte-838	172	3	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cte-838	172	4	connects	connect	VERB
cte-838	172	5	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cte-838	172	6	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	172	7	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	172	8	with	with	ADP
cte-838	172	9	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
cte-838	172	10	data	datum	NOUN
cte-838	172	11	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	172	12	practices	practice	NOUN
cte-838	172	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	172	14	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cte-838	172	15	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	172	16	for	for	ADP
cte-838	172	17	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	172	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	173	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	173	2	timeline	timeline	NOUN
cte-838	173	3	in	in	ADP
cte-838	173	4	figure	figure	NOUN
cte-838	173	5	3	3	NUM
cte-838	173	6	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
cte-838	173	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	173	8	shift	shift	NOUN
cte-838	173	9	from	from	ADP
cte-838	173	10	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	173	11	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	173	12	focused	focus	VERB
cte-838	173	13	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	173	14	to	to	PART
cte-838	173	15	interactive	interactive	ADJ
cte-838	173	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	173	17	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	173	18	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	173	19	based	base	VERB
cte-838	173	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	173	21	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	173	22	integrated	integrated	ADJ
cte-838	173	23	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	173	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	173	25	alongside	alongside	ADP
cte-838	173	26	the	the	DET
cte-838	173	27	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	173	28	of	of	ADP
cte-838	173	29	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
cte-838	173	30	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
cte-838	173	31	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	173	32	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	173	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	174	1	time	time	NOUN
cte-838	174	2	1970s	1970	NOUN
cte-838	174	3	1980s	1980	NOUN
cte-838	174	4	1990s	1990	NOUN
cte-838	174	5	2000s	2000s	NUM
cte-838	174	6	2010s	2010s	PROPN
cte-838	174	7	2020s	2020	NOUN
cte-838	174	8	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	174	9	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	174	10	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	174	11	approaches	approach	VERB
cte-838	174	12	microworld	microworld	NOUN
cte-838	174	13	explorations	exploration	NOUN
cte-838	174	14	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
cte-838	174	15	tutoring	tutoring	NOUN
cte-838	174	16	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	174	17	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	174	18	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	174	19	based	base	VERB
cte-838	174	20	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	174	21	virtual	virtual	ADJ
cte-838	174	22	worlds	world	NOUN
cte-838	174	23	&	&	CCONJ
cte-838	174	24	interactive	interactive	ADJ
cte-838	174	25	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	174	26	integrated	integrate	VERB
cte-838	174	27	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	174	28	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	174	29	original	original	ADJ
cte-838	174	30	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	174	31	implementations	implementation	NOUN
cte-838	174	32	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	174	33	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	174	34	based	base	VERB
cte-838	174	35	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	174	36	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	174	37	advanced	advance	VERB
cte-838	174	38	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	174	39	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	174	40	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	174	41	swi	swi	NOUN
cte-838	174	42	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	174	43	sicstus	sicstus	NOUN
cte-838	174	44	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	174	45	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	174	46	solvers	solver	NOUN
cte-838	174	47	&	&	CCONJ
cte-838	174	48	debugging	debugging	NOUN
cte-838	174	49	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	174	50	meloise	meloise	VERB
cte-838	174	51	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	174	52	logichart	logichart	VERB
cte-838	174	53	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	174	54	aspect	aspect	VERB
cte-838	174	55	onlinesparc	onlinesparc	PRON
cte-838	174	56	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	174	57	logica	logica	PROPN
cte-838	174	58	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	174	59	cloud	cloud	NOUN
cte-838	174	60	platforms	platform	NOUN
cte-838	174	61	figure	figure	VERB
cte-838	174	62	3	3	NUM
cte-838	174	63	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	174	64	evolution	evolution	NOUN
cte-838	174	65	of	of	ADP
cte-838	174	66	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	174	67	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	174	68	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	174	69	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	174	70	for	for	ADP
cte-838	174	71	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	174	72	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	174	73	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	174	74	from	from	ADP
cte-838	174	75	the	the	DET
cte-838	174	76	1970s	1970	NOUN
cte-838	174	77	to	to	ADP
cte-838	174	78	the	the	DET
cte-838	174	79	present	present	ADJ
cte-838	174	80	day	day	NOUN
cte-838	174	81	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	175	1	4	4	X
cte-838	175	2	.	.	X
cte-838	175	3	cross	cross	ADJ
cte-838	175	4	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	175	5	cutting	cutting	ADJ
cte-838	175	6	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	175	7	themes	theme	NOUN
cte-838	175	8	4.1	4.1	NUM
cte-838	175	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	176	1	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	176	2	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	176	3	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	176	4	plays	play	VERB
cte-838	176	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	176	6	critical	critical	ADJ
cte-838	176	7	role	role	NOUN
cte-838	176	8	in	in	ADP
cte-838	176	9	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	176	10	abstract	abstract	ADJ
cte-838	176	11	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	176	12	across	across	ADP
cte-838	176	13	all	all	DET
cte-838	176	14	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	176	15	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	176	16	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	176	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	177	1	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	177	2	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	177	3	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	177	4	help	help	VERB
cte-838	177	5	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	177	6	understand	understand	VERB
cte-838	177	7	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	177	8	models	model	NOUN
cte-838	177	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	177	10	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	177	11	intuition	intuition	NOUN
cte-838	177	12	for	for	ADP
cte-838	177	13	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	177	14	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	177	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	177	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	177	17	interpret	interpret	VERB
cte-838	177	18	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	177	19	results	result	NOUN
cte-838	177	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	178	1	4.1.1	4.1.1	X
cte-838	178	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	178	3	types	type	NOUN
cte-838	178	4	of	of	ADP
cte-838	178	5	visualizations	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	178	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	178	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	178	8	visualizations	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	178	9	span	span	VERB
cte-838	178	10	a	a	DET
cte-838	178	11	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
cte-838	178	12	from	from	ADP
cte-838	178	13	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	178	14	tracers	tracer	NOUN
cte-838	178	15	to	to	ADP
cte-838	178	16	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
cte-838	178	17	representations	representation	NOUN
cte-838	178	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	179	1	malandrino	malandrino	NOUN
cte-838	179	2	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	179	3	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	179	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	180	1	[	[	X
cte-838	180	2	38	38	NUM
cte-838	180	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	180	4	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	180	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	180	6	diagrammatic	diagrammatic	ADJ
cte-838	180	7	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	180	8	for	for	ADP
cte-838	180	9	visualizing	visualize	VERB
cte-838	180	10	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	180	11	based	base	VERB
cte-838	180	12	on	on	ADP
cte-838	180	13	spatial	spatial	ADJ
cte-838	180	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	180	15	graphical	graphical	ADJ
cte-838	180	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	180	17	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	180	18	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
cte-838	180	19	notations	notation	NOUN
cte-838	180	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	181	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	181	2	v	v	ADJ
cte-838	181	3	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	181	4	logic	logic	ADJ
cte-838	181	5	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	181	6	supports	support	VERB
cte-838	181	7	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	181	8	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	181	9	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	181	10	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	181	11	schemes	scheme	NOUN
cte-838	181	12	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	181	13	to	to	PART
cte-838	181	14	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	181	15	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	181	16	greater	great	ADJ
cte-838	181	17	insight	insight	NOUN
cte-838	181	18	than	than	ADP
cte-838	181	19	any	any	PRON
cte-838	181	20	alone	alone	ADJ
cte-838	181	21	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	181	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	182	1	eppler	eppler	PROPN
cte-838	183	1	[	[	X
cte-838	183	2	15	15	NUM
cte-838	183	3	]	]	X
cte-838	183	4	compares	compare	VERB
cte-838	183	5	various	various	ADJ
cte-838	183	6	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	183	7	formats	format	NOUN
cte-838	183	8	–	–	PUNCT
cte-838	183	9	concept	concept	NOUN
cte-838	183	10	maps	map	NOUN
cte-838	183	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	183	12	mind	mind	NOUN
cte-838	183	13	maps	map	NOUN
cte-838	183	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	183	15	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
cte-838	183	16	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cte-838	183	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	183	18	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	183	19	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	183	20	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
cte-838	183	21	–	–	PUNCT
cte-838	183	22	finding	find	VERB
cte-838	183	23	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	183	24	their	their	PRON
cte-838	183	25	combination	combination	NOUN
cte-838	183	26	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	183	27	can	can	AUX
cte-838	183	28	play	play	VERB
cte-838	183	29	to	to	ADP
cte-838	183	30	the	the	DET
cte-838	183	31	strength	strength	NOUN
cte-838	183	32	of	of	ADP
cte-838	183	33	each	each	DET
cte-838	183	34	one	one	NUM
cte-838	183	35	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	183	36	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	184	1	when	when	SCONJ
cte-838	184	2	applied	apply	VERB
cte-838	184	3	to	to	ADP
cte-838	184	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	184	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	184	6	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	184	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	184	8	these	these	DET
cte-838	184	9	complementary	complementary	ADJ
cte-838	184	10	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	184	11	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	184	12	can	can	AUX
cte-838	184	13	enhance	enhance	VERB
cte-838	184	14	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	184	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	184	16	attention	attention	NOUN
cte-838	184	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	184	18	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	184	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	184	20	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	184	21	recall	recall	NOUN
cte-838	184	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	185	1	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	185	2	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	185	3	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	185	4	is	be	AUX
cte-838	185	5	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	185	6	important	important	ADJ
cte-838	185	7	in	in	ADP
cte-838	185	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	185	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	185	10	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	185	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	186	1	loboda	loboda	NOUN
cte-838	186	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	186	3	brusilovsky	brusilovsky	ADJ
cte-838	187	1	[	[	X
cte-838	187	2	36	36	NUM
cte-838	187	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	187	4	evaluates	evaluate	VERB
cte-838	187	5	user	user	NOUN
cte-838	187	6	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	187	7	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
cte-838	187	8	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
cte-838	187	9	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	187	10	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	187	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	187	12	finding	find	VERB
cte-838	187	13	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	187	14	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	187	15	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
cte-838	187	16	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	187	17	allows	allow	VERB
cte-838	187	18	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	187	19	to	to	PART
cte-838	187	20	substantially	substantially	ADV
cte-838	187	21	increase	increase	VERB
cte-838	187	22	the	the	DET
cte-838	187	23	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	187	24	of	of	ADP
cte-838	187	25	a	a	DET
cte-838	187	26	new	new	ADJ
cte-838	187	27	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	187	28	topic	topic	NOUN
cte-838	187	29	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	187	30	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	188	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	188	2	eye	eye	NOUN
cte-838	188	3	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	188	4	tracking	track	VERB
cte-838	188	5	studies	study	NOUN
cte-838	188	6	revealed	reveal	VERB
cte-838	188	7	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	188	8	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	188	9	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
cte-838	188	10	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	188	11	captivates	captivate	VERB
cte-838	188	12	attention	attention	NOUN
cte-838	188	13	more	more	ADV
cte-838	188	14	than	than	ADP
cte-838	188	15	its	its	PRON
cte-838	188	16	non	non	ADJ
cte-838	188	17	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	188	18	personalized	personalized	ADJ
cte-838	188	19	counterpart	counterpart	NOUN
cte-838	188	20	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	188	21	is	be	AUX
cte-838	188	22	more	more	ADV
cte-838	188	23	interesting	interesting	ADJ
cte-838	188	24	to	to	ADP
cte-838	188	25	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	188	26	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	188	27	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	189	1	4.1.2	4.1.2	X
cte-838	189	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	189	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cte-838	189	4	of	of	ADP
cte-838	189	5	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	189	6	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	189	7	consistently	consistently	ADV
cte-838	189	8	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	189	9	the	the	DET
cte-838	189	10	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	189	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	189	12	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	189	13	in	in	ADP
cte-838	189	14	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	189	15	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	189	16	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	189	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	190	1	awasekar	awasekar	PROPN
cte-838	191	1	[	[	X
cte-838	191	2	4	4	NUM
cte-838	191	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	191	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
cte-838	191	5	an	an	DET
cte-838	191	6	experimental	experimental	ADJ
cte-838	191	7	study	study	NOUN
cte-838	191	8	comparing	compare	VERB
cte-838	191	9	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	191	10	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	191	11	with	with	ADP
cte-838	191	12	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cte-838	191	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	191	14	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	191	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	191	16	finding	find	VERB
cte-838	191	17	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	191	18	a	a	DET
cte-838	191	19	statistically	statistically	ADV
cte-838	191	20	significant	significant	ADJ
cte-838	191	21	higher	high	ADJ
cte-838	191	22	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	191	23	on	on	ADP
cte-838	191	24	a	a	DET
cte-838	191	25	post	post	NOUN
cte-838	191	26	-	-	NOUN
cte-838	191	27	test	test	NOUN
cte-838	191	28	for	for	ADP
cte-838	191	29	the	the	DET
cte-838	191	30	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	191	31	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	191	32	group	group	NOUN
cte-838	191	33	406	406	NUM
cte-838	191	34	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	PROPN
cte-838	191	35	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	191	36	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	191	37	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	191	38	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	191	39	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	191	40	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	191	41	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	191	42	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	191	43	12	12	NUM
cte-838	191	44	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	191	45	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	191	46	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	192	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	192	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	192	3	compared	compare	VERB
cte-838	192	4	to	to	ADP
cte-838	192	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	192	6	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cte-838	192	7	group	group	NOUN
cte-838	192	8	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	192	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	193	1	notably	notably	ADV
cte-838	193	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	193	3	this	this	DET
cte-838	193	4	effect	effect	NOUN
cte-838	193	5	was	be	AUX
cte-838	193	6	observed	observe	VERB
cte-838	193	7	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	193	8	regardless	regardless	ADV
cte-838	193	9	of	of	ADP
cte-838	193	10	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	193	11	’	'	PUNCT
cte-838	193	12	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	193	13	/	/	SYM
cte-838	193	14	verbal	verbal	ADJ
cte-838	193	15	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	193	16	style	style	NOUN
cte-838	193	17	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	193	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	193	19	suggesting	suggest	VERB
cte-838	193	20	broad	broad	ADJ
cte-838	193	21	applicability	applicability	NOUN
cte-838	193	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	194	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	194	2	impact	impact	NOUN
cte-838	194	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	194	4	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	194	5	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	194	6	extends	extend	VERB
cte-838	194	7	beyond	beyond	ADP
cte-838	194	8	test	test	NOUN
cte-838	194	9	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	194	10	to	to	PART
cte-838	194	11	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	194	12	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	194	13	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	194	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	195	1	vosinakis	vosinaki	NOUN
cte-838	195	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	195	3	anastassakis	anastassaki	NOUN
cte-838	195	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	195	5	koutsabasis	koutsabasis	NOUN
cte-838	196	1	[	[	X
cte-838	196	2	60	60	NUM
cte-838	196	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	196	4	found	find	VERB
cte-838	196	5	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	196	6	platforms	platform	NOUN
cte-838	196	7	for	for	ADP
cte-838	196	8	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	196	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	196	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	196	11	in	in	ADP
cte-838	196	12	virtual	virtual	ADJ
cte-838	196	13	worlds	world	NOUN
cte-838	196	14	yielded	yield	VERB
cte-838	196	15	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	196	16	encouraging	encouraging	ADJ
cte-838	196	17	results	result	NOUN
cte-838	196	18	regarding	regard	VERB
cte-838	196	19	group	group	NOUN
cte-838	196	20	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	196	21	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	196	22	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	196	23	user	user	NOUN
cte-838	196	24	experience	experience	NOUN
cte-838	196	25	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	196	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	197	1	by	by	ADP
cte-838	197	2	enabling	enable	VERB
cte-838	197	3	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	197	4	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cte-838	197	5	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	197	6	verification	verification	NOUN
cte-838	197	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	197	8	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	197	9	results	result	NOUN
cte-838	197	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	197	11	these	these	DET
cte-838	197	12	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	197	13	make	make	VERB
cte-838	197	14	abstract	abstract	ADJ
cte-838	197	15	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	197	16	concrete	concrete	ADJ
cte-838	197	17	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	197	18	accessible	accessible	ADJ
cte-838	197	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	198	1	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	198	2	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	198	3	depends	depend	VERB
cte-838	198	4	on	on	ADP
cte-838	198	5	thoughtful	thoughtful	ADJ
cte-838	198	6	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	198	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	199	1	jones	jones	PROPN
cte-838	199	2	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	199	3	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	199	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	200	1	[	[	X
cte-838	200	2	27	27	NUM
cte-838	200	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	200	4	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	200	5	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	200	6	applying	apply	VERB
cte-838	200	7	established	establish	VERB
cte-838	200	8	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	200	9	principles	principle	NOUN
cte-838	200	10	to	to	ADP
cte-838	200	11	models	model	NOUN
cte-838	200	12	can	can	AUX
cte-838	200	13	increase	increase	VERB
cte-838	200	14	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
cte-838	200	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	200	16	perceived	perceive	VERB
cte-838	200	17	message	message	NOUN
cte-838	200	18	credibility	credibility	NOUN
cte-838	200	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	200	20	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	200	21	aesthetic	aesthetic	ADJ
cte-838	200	22	appeal	appeal	NOUN
cte-838	200	23	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	200	24	decreasing	decrease	VERB
cte-838	200	25	mental	mental	ADJ
cte-838	200	26	effort	effort	NOUN
cte-838	200	27	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	200	28	review	review	VERB
cte-838	200	29	time	time	NOUN
cte-838	200	30	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	201	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	201	2	findings	finding	NOUN
cte-838	201	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
cte-838	201	4	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	201	5	carefully	carefully	ADV
cte-838	201	6	designed	design	VERB
cte-838	201	7	visualizations	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	201	8	can	can	AUX
cte-838	201	9	significantly	significantly	ADV
cte-838	201	10	enhance	enhance	VERB
cte-838	201	11	the	the	DET
cte-838	201	12	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	201	13	experience	experience	NOUN
cte-838	201	14	for	for	ADP
cte-838	201	15	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	201	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	201	17	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	201	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	202	1	table	table	NOUN
cte-838	202	2	1	1	NUM
cte-838	202	3	summarizes	summarize	NOUN
cte-838	202	4	key	key	ADJ
cte-838	202	5	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	202	6	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	202	7	used	use	VERB
cte-838	202	8	in	in	ADP
cte-838	202	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	202	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	202	11	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	202	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	202	13	highlighting	highlight	VERB
cte-838	202	14	their	their	PRON
cte-838	202	15	benefits	benefit	NOUN
cte-838	202	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	202	17	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cte-838	202	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	203	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	203	2	diversity	diversity	NOUN
cte-838	203	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	203	4	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	203	5	allows	allow	VERB
cte-838	203	6	educators	educator	NOUN
cte-838	203	7	to	to	PART
cte-838	203	8	select	select	VERB
cte-838	203	9	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	203	10	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	203	11	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
cte-838	203	12	to	to	ADP
cte-838	203	13	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	203	14	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	203	15	objectives	objective	NOUN
cte-838	203	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	203	17	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	203	18	needs	need	NOUN
cte-838	203	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	204	1	table	table	NOUN
cte-838	204	2	1	1	NUM
cte-838	204	3	comparison	comparison	NOUN
cte-838	204	4	of	of	ADP
cte-838	204	5	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	204	6	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	204	7	in	in	ADP
cte-838	204	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	204	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	204	10	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	204	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	205	1	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	205	2	description	description	NOUN
cte-838	205	3	benefits	benefit	VERB
cte-838	205	4	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cte-838	205	5	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	205	6	tracers	tracer	NOUN
cte-838	205	7	visualize	visualize	VERB
cte-838	205	8	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	205	9	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	205	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	205	11	including	include	VERB
cte-838	205	12	unification	unification	NOUN
cte-838	205	13	steps	step	NOUN
cte-838	205	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	205	15	variable	variable	ADJ
cte-838	205	16	bindings	binding	NOUN
cte-838	205	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	205	18	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	205	19	backtracking	backtracking	NOUN
cte-838	205	20	enhances	enhance	VERB
cte-838	205	21	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	205	22	of	of	ADP
cte-838	205	23	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	205	24	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	205	25	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	205	26	makes	make	VERB
cte-838	205	27	abstract	abstract	ADJ
cte-838	205	28	processes	process	VERB
cte-838	205	29	concrete	concrete	ADJ
cte-838	205	30	technical	technical	ADJ
cte-838	205	31	complexity	complexity	NOUN
cte-838	205	32	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	205	33	may	may	AUX
cte-838	205	34	overwhelm	overwhelm	VERB
cte-838	205	35	beginners	beginner	NOUN
cte-838	205	36	virtual	virtual	ADJ
cte-838	205	37	worlds	world	NOUN
cte-838	205	38	3d	3d	NUM
cte-838	205	39	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	205	40	where	where	SCONJ
cte-838	205	41	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	205	42	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	205	43	is	be	AUX
cte-838	205	44	represented	represent	VERB
cte-838	205	45	through	through	ADP
cte-838	205	46	object	object	NOUN
cte-838	205	47	interactions	interaction	NOUN
cte-838	205	48	engaging	engaging	ADJ
cte-838	205	49	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	205	50	promotes	promote	VERB
cte-838	205	51	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
cte-838	205	52	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	205	53	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	205	54	provides	provide	VERB
cte-838	205	55	intuitive	intuitive	ADJ
cte-838	205	56	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
cte-838	205	57	resource	resource	NOUN
cte-838	205	58	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	205	59	intensive	intensive	ADJ
cte-838	205	60	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	205	61	may	may	AUX
cte-838	205	62	distract	distract	VERB
cte-838	205	63	from	from	ADP
cte-838	205	64	core	core	NOUN
cte-838	205	65	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	205	66	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
cte-838	205	67	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cte-838	205	68	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	205	69	representations	representation	NOUN
cte-838	205	70	of	of	ADP
cte-838	205	71	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	205	72	relationships	relationship	NOUN
cte-838	205	73	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	205	74	structures	structure	NOUN
cte-838	205	75	promotes	promote	VERB
cte-838	205	76	abstract	abstract	ADJ
cte-838	205	77	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	205	78	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	205	79	aids	aid	NOUN
cte-838	205	80	in	in	ADP
cte-838	205	81	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	205	82	formulation	formulation	NOUN
cte-838	205	83	less	less	ADV
cte-838	205	84	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	205	85	for	for	ADP
cte-838	205	86	understanding	understand	VERB
cte-838	205	87	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
cte-838	205	88	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	205	89	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	205	90	set	set	VERB
cte-838	205	91	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	205	92	graphical	graphical	ADJ
cte-838	205	93	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	205	94	of	of	ADP
cte-838	205	95	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	205	96	sets	set	NOUN
cte-838	205	97	for	for	ADP
cte-838	205	98	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	205	99	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	205	100	simplifies	simplify	VERB
cte-838	205	101	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cte-838	205	102	of	of	ADP
cte-838	205	103	complex	complex	ADJ
cte-838	205	104	results	result	NOUN
cte-838	205	105	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	205	106	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
cte-838	205	107	debugging	debug	VERB
cte-838	205	108	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	205	109	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	205	110	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	205	111	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	205	112	limited	limit	VERB
cte-838	205	113	to	to	ADP
cte-838	205	114	certain	certain	ADJ
cte-838	205	115	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	205	116	types	type	NOUN
cte-838	205	117	constraint	constraint	VERB
cte-838	205	118	visualizers	visualizer	NOUN
cte-838	205	119	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	205	120	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	205	121	of	of	ADP
cte-838	205	122	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	205	123	propagation	propagation	NOUN
cte-838	205	124	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	205	125	solution	solution	NOUN
cte-838	205	126	spaces	space	NOUN
cte-838	205	127	helps	helps	AUX
cte-838	205	128	understand	understand	VERB
cte-838	205	129	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	205	130	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	205	131	process	process	NOUN
cte-838	205	132	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	205	133	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
cte-838	205	134	pruning	pruning	NOUN
cte-838	205	135	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cte-838	205	136	requires	require	VERB
cte-838	205	137	prior	prior	ADJ
cte-838	205	138	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	205	139	of	of	ADP
cte-838	205	140	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	205	141	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	205	142	4.2	4.2	NUM
cte-838	205	143	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	206	1	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	206	2	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	206	3	based	base	VERB
cte-838	206	4	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	206	5	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	206	6	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	206	7	based	base	VERB
cte-838	206	8	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	206	9	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	206	10	pbl	pbl	NOUN
cte-838	206	11	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	206	12	approaches	approach	VERB
cte-838	206	13	situate	situate	VERB
cte-838	206	14	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	206	15	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	206	16	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	206	17	within	within	ADP
cte-838	206	18	engaging	engage	VERB
cte-838	206	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	206	20	authentic	authentic	ADJ
cte-838	206	21	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	206	22	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	206	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	207	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	207	2	methodology	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	207	3	has	have	AUX
cte-838	207	4	proven	prove	VERB
cte-838	207	5	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	207	6	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	207	7	for	for	ADP
cte-838	207	8	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	207	9	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	207	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	207	11	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	207	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	208	1	4.2.1	4.2.1	NOUN
cte-838	208	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	208	3	types	type	NOUN
cte-838	208	4	of	of	ADP
cte-838	208	5	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	208	6	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	208	7	domains	domain	VERB
cte-838	208	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	208	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	208	10	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	208	11	employs	employ	VERB
cte-838	208	12	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cte-838	208	13	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	208	14	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	208	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	208	16	each	each	PRON
cte-838	208	17	offering	offer	VERB
cte-838	208	18	unique	unique	ADJ
cte-838	208	19	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	208	20	advantages	advantage	NOUN
cte-838	208	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	209	1	wu	wu	PROPN
cte-838	209	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	209	3	lo	lo	PROPN
cte-838	210	1	[	[	X
cte-838	210	2	64	64	NUM
cte-838	210	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	210	4	explores	explore	VERB
cte-838	210	5	geometric	geometric	ADJ
cte-838	210	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	210	7	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	210	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	210	9	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	210	10	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	210	11	worked	work	VERB
cte-838	210	12	examples	example	NOUN
cte-838	210	13	can	can	AUX
cte-838	210	14	enhance	enhance	VERB
cte-838	210	15	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	210	16	’	’	PART
cte-838	210	17	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	210	18	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	210	19	solving	solve	VERB
cte-838	210	20	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	210	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	211	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	211	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	211	3	combines	combine	VERB
cte-838	211	4	structured	structured	ADJ
cte-838	211	5	guidance	guidance	NOUN
cte-838	211	6	with	with	ADP
cte-838	211	7	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
cte-838	211	8	for	for	ADP
cte-838	211	9	independent	independent	ADJ
cte-838	211	10	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	211	11	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	211	12	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	211	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	212	1	407	407	NUM
cte-838	212	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	212	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	212	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	212	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	212	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	212	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	212	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	212	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	212	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	212	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	212	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	212	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	212	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	213	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	213	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	213	3	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN
cte-838	213	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	213	5	based	base	VERB
cte-838	213	6	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	213	7	feature	feature	VERB
cte-838	213	8	prominently	prominently	ADV
cte-838	213	9	in	in	ADP
cte-838	213	10	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	213	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	213	12	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	213	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	214	1	szeredi	szeredi	PROPN
cte-838	215	1	[	[	X
cte-838	215	2	56	56	NUM
cte-838	215	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	215	4	describes	describe	VERB
cte-838	215	5	using	use	VERB
cte-838	215	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	215	7	puzzles	puzzle	NOUN
cte-838	215	8	to	to	PART
cte-838	215	9	teach	teach	VERB
cte-838	215	10	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	215	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	215	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	215	13	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	215	14	perez	perez	PROPN
cte-838	215	15	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	215	16	lancho	lancho	PROPN
cte-838	215	17	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	215	18	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	215	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	216	1	[	[	X
cte-838	216	2	47	47	NUM
cte-838	216	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	216	4	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	216	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	216	6	mafia	mafia	NOUN
cte-838	216	7	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	216	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	216	9	which	which	PRON
cte-838	216	10	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	216	11	helps	help	VERB
cte-838	216	12	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	216	13	to	to	PART
cte-838	216	14	understand	understand	VERB
cte-838	216	15	the	the	DET
cte-838	216	16	basic	basic	ADJ
cte-838	216	17	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	216	18	of	of	ADP
cte-838	216	19	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	216	20	in	in	ADP
cte-838	216	21	an	an	DET
cte-838	216	22	interactive	interactive	ADJ
cte-838	216	23	way	way	NOUN
cte-838	216	24	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	216	25	through	through	ADP
cte-838	216	26	engaging	engage	VERB
cte-838	216	27	case	case	NOUN
cte-838	216	28	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	216	29	based	base	VERB
cte-838	216	30	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
cte-838	216	31	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	217	1	real	real	ADJ
cte-838	217	2	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	217	3	world	world	NOUN
cte-838	217	4	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	217	5	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	217	6	authentic	authentic	ADJ
cte-838	217	7	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	217	8	for	for	ADP
cte-838	217	9	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	217	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	218	1	genesereth	genesereth	PROPN
cte-838	218	2	[	[	PUNCT
cte-838	218	3	20	20	NUM
cte-838	218	4	]	]	X
cte-838	218	5	advocates	advocate	NOUN
cte-838	218	6	using	use	VERB
cte-838	218	7	general	general	ADJ
cte-838	218	8	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	218	9	playing	play	VERB
cte-838	218	10	as	as	ADP
cte-838	218	11	an	an	DET
cte-838	218	12	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	218	13	area	area	NOUN
cte-838	218	14	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	218	15	especially	especially	ADV
cte-838	218	16	well	well	ADV
cte-838	218	17	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	218	18	suited	suit	VERB
cte-838	218	19	to	to	ADP
cte-838	218	20	lp	lp	NOUN
cte-838	218	21	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	218	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	218	23	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	218	24	zhang	zhang	PROPN
cte-838	218	25	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	218	26	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	218	27	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	219	1	[	[	X
cte-838	219	2	65	65	NUM
cte-838	219	3	]	]	X
cte-838	219	4	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	219	5	integrating	integrate	VERB
cte-838	219	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	219	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	219	8	with	with	ADP
cte-838	219	9	chemistry	chemistry	NOUN
cte-838	219	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	219	11	physics	physics	NOUN
cte-838	219	12	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	219	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	220	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	220	2	domain	domain	NOUN
cte-838	220	3	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	220	4	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	220	5	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	220	6	help	help	VERB
cte-838	220	7	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	220	8	appreciate	appreciate	VERB
cte-838	220	9	the	the	DET
cte-838	220	10	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	220	11	utility	utility	NOUN
cte-838	220	12	of	of	ADP
cte-838	220	13	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	220	14	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	220	15	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	220	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	221	1	4.2.2	4.2.2	X
cte-838	221	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	221	3	scaffolding	scaffold	VERB
cte-838	221	4	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	221	5	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	221	6	pbl	pbl	NOUN
cte-838	221	7	in	in	ADP
cte-838	221	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	221	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	221	10	requires	require	VERB
cte-838	221	11	thoughtful	thoughtful	ADJ
cte-838	221	12	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	221	13	to	to	PART
cte-838	221	14	manage	manage	VERB
cte-838	221	15	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	221	16	load	load	NOUN
cte-838	221	17	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	221	18	support	support	VERB
cte-838	221	19	progressive	progressive	ADJ
cte-838	221	20	skill	skill	NOUN
cte-838	221	21	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	221	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	222	1	choo	choo	PROPN
cte-838	223	1	[	[	X
cte-838	223	2	9	9	NUM
cte-838	223	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	223	4	discusses	discuss	VERB
cte-838	223	5	scaffolding	scaffold	VERB
cte-838	223	6	in	in	ADP
cte-838	223	7	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	223	8	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	223	9	based	base	VERB
cte-838	223	10	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	223	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	223	12	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
cte-838	223	13	between	between	ADP
cte-838	223	14	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	223	15	hard	hard	ADJ
cte-838	223	16	scaffolds	scaffold	NOUN
cte-838	223	17	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	223	18	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	223	19	static	static	NOUN
cte-838	223	20	supports	support	NOUN
cte-838	223	21	developed	develop	VERB
cte-838	223	22	based	base	VERB
cte-838	223	23	on	on	ADP
cte-838	223	24	learner	learner	NOUN
cte-838	223	25	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
cte-838	223	26	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	223	27	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	223	28	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	223	29	soft	soft	ADJ
cte-838	223	30	scaffolds	scaffold	NOUN
cte-838	223	31	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	223	32	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	223	33	teacher	teacher	NOUN
cte-838	223	34	actions	action	NOUN
cte-838	223	35	responding	respond	VERB
cte-838	223	36	to	to	ADP
cte-838	223	37	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	223	38	learner	learner	NOUN
cte-838	223	39	needs	need	NOUN
cte-838	223	40	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	223	41	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	224	1	both	both	DET
cte-838	224	2	types	type	NOUN
cte-838	224	3	play	play	VERB
cte-838	224	4	important	important	ADJ
cte-838	224	5	roles	role	NOUN
cte-838	224	6	in	in	ADP
cte-838	224	7	supporting	support	VERB
cte-838	224	8	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	224	9	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	224	10	they	they	PRON
cte-838	224	11	navigate	navigate	VERB
cte-838	224	12	the	the	DET
cte-838	224	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	224	14	of	of	ADP
cte-838	224	15	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	224	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	224	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	225	1	tiantong	tiantong	PROPN
cte-838	225	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	225	3	teemuangsai	teemuangsai	VERB
cte-838	225	4	[	[	X
cte-838	225	5	57	57	NUM
cte-838	225	6	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	225	7	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	225	8	four	four	NUM
cte-838	225	9	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	225	10	modules	module	NOUN
cte-838	225	11	for	for	ADP
cte-838	225	12	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
cte-838	225	13	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	225	14	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	225	15	based	base	VERB
cte-838	225	16	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	225	17	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	225	18	metacognitive	metacognitive	ADJ
cte-838	225	19	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	225	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	225	21	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
cte-838	225	22	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	225	23	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	225	24	strategic	strategic	ADJ
cte-838	225	25	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	225	26	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	225	27	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	225	28	procedural	procedural	ADJ
cte-838	225	29	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	225	30	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	226	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	226	2	complementary	complementary	ADJ
cte-838	226	3	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	226	4	address	address	VERB
cte-838	226	5	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	226	6	aspects	aspect	NOUN
cte-838	226	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	226	8	the	the	DET
cte-838	226	9	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	226	10	process	process	NOUN
cte-838	226	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	226	12	from	from	ADP
cte-838	226	13	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	226	14	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
cte-838	226	15	to	to	ADP
cte-838	226	16	solution	solution	NOUN
cte-838	226	17	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cte-838	226	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	227	1	tiered	tiere	VERB
cte-838	227	2	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	227	3	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	227	4	can	can	AUX
cte-838	227	5	be	be	AUX
cte-838	227	6	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	227	7	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	227	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	228	1	lape	lape	NOUN
cte-838	229	1	[	[	X
cte-838	229	2	33	33	NUM
cte-838	229	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	229	4	describes	describe	VERB
cte-838	229	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	229	6	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	229	7	tiered	tiere	VERB
cte-838	229	8	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	229	9	of	of	ADP
cte-838	229	10	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	229	11	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	229	12	based	base	VERB
cte-838	229	13	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	229	14	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	229	15	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	229	16	ranging	range	VERB
cte-838	229	17	from	from	ADP
cte-838	229	18	highly	highly	ADV
cte-838	229	19	guided	guide	VERB
cte-838	229	20	to	to	ADP
cte-838	229	21	entirely	entirely	ADV
cte-838	229	22	unformed	unformed	ADJ
cte-838	229	23	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	229	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	230	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	230	2	progressive	progressive	ADJ
cte-838	230	3	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	230	4	helps	help	VERB
cte-838	230	5	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	230	6	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	230	7	independence	independence	NOUN
cte-838	230	8	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	230	9	managing	manage	VERB
cte-838	230	10	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	230	11	load	load	NOUN
cte-838	230	12	appropriately	appropriately	ADV
cte-838	230	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	231	1	4.3	4.3	NUM
cte-838	231	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	231	3	integrated	integrate	VERB
cte-838	231	4	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	231	5	approaches	approach	VERB
cte-838	231	6	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	231	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	231	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	231	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	231	10	with	with	ADP
cte-838	231	11	broader	broad	ADJ
cte-838	231	12	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	231	13	elements	element	NOUN
cte-838	231	14	enhances	enhance	VERB
cte-838	231	15	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	231	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	231	17	promotes	promote	VERB
cte-838	231	18	transfer	transfer	NOUN
cte-838	231	19	of	of	ADP
cte-838	231	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	231	21	across	across	ADP
cte-838	231	22	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	231	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	232	1	4.3.1	4.3.1	X
cte-838	232	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	232	3	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	232	4	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	232	5	in	in	ADP
cte-838	232	6	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	232	7	course	course	NOUN
cte-838	232	8	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	232	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	232	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	232	11	appears	appear	VERB
cte-838	232	12	in	in	ADP
cte-838	232	13	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cte-838	232	14	curricular	curricular	ADJ
cte-838	232	15	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	232	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	232	17	from	from	ADP
cte-838	232	18	specialized	specialized	ADJ
cte-838	232	19	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	232	20	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	232	21	to	to	ADP
cte-838	232	22	broader	broad	ADJ
cte-838	232	23	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	232	24	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	232	25	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	232	26	stem	stem	NOUN
cte-838	232	27	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	232	28	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	233	1	boluk	boluk	NOUN
cte-838	234	1	[	[	X
cte-838	234	2	8	8	X
cte-838	234	3	]	]	X
cte-838	234	4	advocates	advocate	NOUN
cte-838	234	5	for	for	ADP
cte-838	234	6	integrated	integrated	ADJ
cte-838	234	7	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	234	8	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	234	9	as	as	ADP
cte-838	234	10	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	234	11	an	an	DET
cte-838	234	12	empowering	empowering	ADJ
cte-838	234	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	234	14	engaging	engaging	ADJ
cte-838	234	15	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	234	16	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	234	17	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	234	18	that	that	PRON
cte-838	234	19	unites	unite	VERB
cte-838	234	20	core	core	NOUN
cte-838	234	21	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	234	22	into	into	ADP
cte-838	234	23	a	a	DET
cte-838	234	24	coherent	coherent	ADJ
cte-838	234	25	whole	whole	NOUN
cte-838	234	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	235	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	235	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	235	3	can	can	AUX
cte-838	235	4	position	position	VERB
cte-838	235	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	235	6	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	235	7	within	within	ADP
cte-838	235	8	a	a	DET
cte-838	235	9	broader	broad	ADJ
cte-838	235	10	context	context	NOUN
cte-838	235	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	235	12	computing	computing	NOUN
cte-838	235	13	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	235	14	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	235	15	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	235	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	236	1	at	at	ADP
cte-838	236	2	the	the	DET
cte-838	236	3	primary	primary	ADJ
cte-838	236	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	236	5	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cte-838	236	6	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	236	7	levels	level	NOUN
cte-838	236	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	236	9	rodríguez	rodríguez	NOUN
cte-838	236	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	236	11	cecchi	cecchi	NOUN
cte-838	236	12	[	[	X
cte-838	236	13	50	50	NUM
cte-838	236	14	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	236	15	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	236	16	metagame	metagame	NOUN
cte-838	236	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	236	18	a	a	DET
cte-838	236	19	methodological	methodological	ADJ
cte-838	236	20	proposal	proposal	NOUN
cte-838	236	21	for	for	ADP
cte-838	236	22	integrating	integrate	VERB
cte-838	236	23	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	236	24	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	236	25	in	in	ADP
cte-838	236	26	primary	primary	ADJ
cte-838	236	27	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	236	28	through	through	ADP
cte-838	236	29	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	236	30	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
cte-838	236	31	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	236	32	gamifying	gamifying	NOUN
cte-838	236	33	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	236	34	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	236	35	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	237	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	237	2	early	early	ADJ
cte-838	237	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cte-838	237	4	can	can	AUX
cte-838	237	5	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	237	6	foundational	foundational	ADJ
cte-838	237	7	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	237	8	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	237	9	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	237	10	that	that	PRON
cte-838	237	11	support	support	VERB
cte-838	237	12	later	later	ADV
cte-838	237	13	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	237	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	238	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	238	2	university	university	NOUN
cte-838	238	3	settings	setting	NOUN
cte-838	238	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	238	5	villadsen	villadsen	ADJ
cte-838	238	6	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	238	7	jacobsen	jacobsen	PROPN
cte-838	238	8	[	[	X
cte-838	238	9	59	59	NUM
cte-838	238	10	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	238	11	describes	describe	VERB
cte-838	238	12	using	use	VERB
cte-838	238	13	the	the	DET
cte-838	238	14	proof	proof	NOUN
cte-838	238	15	assistant	assistant	NOUN
cte-838	238	16	isabelle	isabelle	NOUN
cte-838	238	17	in	in	ADP
cte-838	238	18	two	two	NUM
cte-838	238	19	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	238	20	on	on	ADP
cte-838	238	21	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	238	22	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	238	23	automated	automated	ADJ
cte-838	238	24	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cte-838	238	25	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	238	26	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	238	27	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	238	28	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	238	29	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	238	30	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	238	31	can	can	AUX
cte-838	238	32	be	be	AUX
cte-838	238	33	integrated	integrate	VERB
cte-838	238	34	with	with	ADP
cte-838	238	35	formal	formal	ADJ
cte-838	238	36	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	238	37	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	238	38	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	239	1	4.3.2	4.3.2	X
cte-838	239	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	240	1	cross	cross	ADJ
cte-838	240	2	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	240	3	paradigm	paradigm	ADJ
cte-838	240	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	240	5	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	240	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	240	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	240	8	alongside	alongside	ADP
cte-838	240	9	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	240	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	240	11	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	240	12	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	240	13	both	both	DET
cte-838	240	14	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	240	15	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	240	16	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
cte-838	240	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	241	1	ragonis	ragonis	NOUN
cte-838	241	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	241	3	haberman	haberman	NOUN
cte-838	242	1	[	[	X
cte-838	242	2	48	48	NUM
cte-838	242	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	242	4	explores	explore	NOUN
cte-838	242	5	linking	link	VERB
cte-838	242	6	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	242	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	242	8	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	242	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	242	10	noting	note	VERB
cte-838	242	11	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	242	12	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	242	13	educators	educator	NOUN
cte-838	242	14	recommend	recommend	VERB
cte-838	242	15	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	242	16	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	242	17	become	become	VERB
cte-838	242	18	acquainted	acquainted	ADJ
cte-838	242	19	with	with	ADP
cte-838	242	20	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	242	21	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	242	22	paradigms	paradigm	VERB
cte-838	242	23	in	in	ADP
cte-838	242	24	order	order	NOUN
cte-838	242	25	to	to	PART
cte-838	242	26	acquire	acquire	VERB
cte-838	242	27	alternative	alternative	ADJ
cte-838	242	28	ways	way	NOUN
cte-838	242	29	of	of	ADP
cte-838	242	30	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	242	31	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	242	32	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	242	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	243	1	they	they	PRON
cte-838	243	2	specifically	specifically	ADV
cte-838	243	3	examine	examine	VERB
cte-838	243	4	object	object	NOUN
cte-838	243	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	243	6	oriented	orient	VERB
cte-838	243	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	243	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	243	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	243	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	243	11	408	408	NUM
cte-838	243	12	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	243	13	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	243	14	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	243	15	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	243	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	243	17	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	243	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	243	19	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	243	20	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	243	21	12	12	NUM
cte-838	243	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	243	23	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	243	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	244	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	244	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	VERB
cte-838	244	3	in	in	ADP
cte-838	244	4	the	the	DET
cte-838	244	5	context	context	NOUN
cte-838	244	6	of	of	ADP
cte-838	244	7	using	use	VERB
cte-838	244	8	inheritance	inheritance	NOUN
cte-838	244	9	for	for	ADP
cte-838	244	10	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	244	11	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	244	12	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	244	13	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	244	14	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	244	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	245	1	a	a	DET
cte-838	245	2	more	more	ADV
cte-838	245	3	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cte-838	245	4	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	245	5	is	be	AUX
cte-838	245	6	presented	present	VERB
cte-838	245	7	by	by	ADP
cte-838	245	8	oprea	oprea	PROPN
cte-838	246	1	[	[	X
cte-838	246	2	43	43	NUM
cte-838	246	3	]	]	X
cte-838	246	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	246	5	who	who	PRON
cte-838	246	6	developed	develop	VERB
cte-838	246	7	ontodeclarprog	ontodeclarprog	NOUN
cte-838	246	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	246	9	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	246	10	an	an	DET
cte-838	246	11	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	246	12	ontology	ontology	NOUN
cte-838	246	13	on	on	ADP
cte-838	246	14	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	246	15	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	246	16	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	246	17	that	that	PRON
cte-838	246	18	integrates	integrate	VERB
cte-838	246	19	ontologies	ontology	NOUN
cte-838	246	20	on	on	ADP
cte-838	246	21	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	246	22	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	246	23	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	246	24	functional	functional	ADJ
cte-838	246	25	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	246	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	247	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	247	2	framework	framework	NOUN
cte-838	247	3	helps	help	VERB
cte-838	247	4	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	247	5	understand	understand	VERB
cte-838	247	6	the	the	DET
cte-838	247	7	relationships	relationship	NOUN
cte-838	247	8	between	between	ADP
cte-838	247	9	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	247	10	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	247	11	within	within	ADP
cte-838	247	12	a	a	DET
cte-838	247	13	unified	unified	ADJ
cte-838	247	14	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
cte-838	247	15	structure	structure	NOUN
cte-838	247	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	248	1	hanus	hanus	VERB
cte-838	249	1	[	[	X
cte-838	249	2	23	23	NUM
cte-838	249	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	249	4	discusses	discuss	VERB
cte-838	249	5	functional	functional	ADJ
cte-838	249	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	249	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	249	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	249	9	presenting	present	VERB
cte-838	249	10	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	249	11	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	249	12	like	like	ADP
cte-838	249	13	curry	curry	NOUN
cte-838	249	14	combine	combine	VERB
cte-838	249	15	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	249	16	the	the	DET
cte-838	249	17	most	most	ADV
cte-838	249	18	important	important	ADJ
cte-838	249	19	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	249	20	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	249	21	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	249	22	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	249	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	250	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	250	2	multi	multi	ADJ
cte-838	250	3	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	250	4	paradigm	paradigm	ADJ
cte-838	250	5	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	250	6	provides	provide	VERB
cte-838	250	7	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	250	8	a	a	DET
cte-838	250	9	common	common	ADJ
cte-838	250	10	platform	platform	NOUN
cte-838	250	11	for	for	ADP
cte-838	250	12	the	the	DET
cte-838	250	13	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	250	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	250	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	250	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	250	17	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	250	18	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	250	19	of	of	ADP
cte-838	250	20	integrated	integrated	ADJ
cte-838	250	21	functional	functional	ADJ
cte-838	250	22	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	250	23	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	250	24	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	250	25	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	251	1	figure	figure	VERB
cte-838	251	2	4	4	NUM
cte-838	251	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
cte-838	251	4	connections	connection	NOUN
cte-838	251	5	between	between	ADP
cte-838	251	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	251	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	251	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	251	9	related	related	ADJ
cte-838	251	10	disciplines	discipline	NOUN
cte-838	251	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	251	12	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	251	13	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	251	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	251	15	core	core	NOUN
cte-838	251	16	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	251	17	elements	element	NOUN
cte-838	251	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	251	19	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	251	20	integrated	integrate	VERB
cte-838	251	21	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	251	22	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	251	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	252	1	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	252	2	programming	program	VERB
cte-838	252	3	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cte-838	252	4	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	252	5	database	database	NOUN
cte-838	252	6	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	252	7	formal	formal	ADJ
cte-838	252	8	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	252	9	mathematics	mathematics	PROPN
cte-838	252	10	&	&	CCONJ
cte-838	252	11	logic	logic	PROPN
cte-838	252	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	252	13	representation	representation	PROPN
cte-838	252	14	ded	de	VERB
cte-838	252	15	ucti	ucti	ADJ
cte-838	252	16	ve	ve	VERB
cte-838	252	17	data	datum	NOUN
cte-838	252	18	bas	bas	PROPN
cte-838	252	19	es	es	PROPN
cte-838	252	20	veri	veri	PROPN
cte-838	252	21	fica	fica	PROPN
cte-838	252	22	tio	tio	PROPN
cte-838	252	23	n	n	PRON
cte-838	252	24	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	252	25	foundations	foundation	NOUN
cte-838	252	26	nlp	nlp	NOUN
cte-838	252	27	planning	planning	NOUN
cte-838	252	28	expert	expert	NOUN
cte-838	252	29	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	252	30	optimization	optimization	NOUN
cte-838	252	31	cs	cs	PROPN
cte-838	252	32	fundamentals	fundamental	NOUN
cte-838	252	33	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	252	34	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	252	35	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	252	36	ontologies	ontology	NOUN
cte-838	252	37	ontodeclarprog	ontodeclarprog	VERB
cte-838	252	38	multiparadigm	multiparadigm	PROPN
cte-838	252	39	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	252	40	curry	curry	VERB
cte-838	252	41	stem	stem	NOUN
cte-838	252	42	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	252	43	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	252	44	+	+	CCONJ
cte-838	252	45	logic	logic	ADJ
cte-838	252	46	general	general	ADJ
cte-838	252	47	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	252	48	playing	play	VERB
cte-838	252	49	ggp	ggp	NOUN
cte-838	252	50	framework	framework	NOUN
cte-838	252	51	figure	figure	NOUN
cte-838	252	52	4	4	NUM
cte-838	252	53	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	252	54	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
cte-838	252	55	framework	framework	NOUN
cte-838	252	56	for	for	ADP
cte-838	252	57	integrating	integrate	VERB
cte-838	252	58	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	252	59	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	252	60	within	within	ADP
cte-838	252	61	the	the	DET
cte-838	252	62	broader	broad	ADJ
cte-838	252	63	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	252	64	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	252	65	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	252	66	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	253	1	4.4	4.4	NUM
cte-838	253	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	254	1	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	254	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	254	3	self	self	NOUN
cte-838	254	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	254	5	directed	direct	VERB
cte-838	254	6	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	254	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	254	8	growth	growth	NOUN
cte-838	254	9	of	of	ADP
cte-838	254	10	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	254	11	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	254	12	has	have	AUX
cte-838	254	13	created	create	VERB
cte-838	254	14	new	new	ADJ
cte-838	254	15	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
cte-838	254	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	254	17	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	254	18	for	for	ADP
cte-838	254	19	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	254	20	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	254	21	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	254	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	255	1	4.4.1	4.4.1	X
cte-838	255	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	255	3	moocs	mooc	NOUN
cte-838	255	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	255	5	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	255	6	resources	resource	NOUN
cte-838	255	7	massive	massive	ADJ
cte-838	255	8	open	open	ADJ
cte-838	255	9	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	255	10	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	255	11	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	255	12	moocs	mooc	NOUN
cte-838	255	13	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	255	14	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	255	15	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	255	16	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	255	17	resources	resource	NOUN
cte-838	255	18	make	make	VERB
cte-838	255	19	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	255	20	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	255	21	accessible	accessible	ADJ
cte-838	255	22	to	to	ADP
cte-838	255	23	a	a	DET
cte-838	255	24	global	global	ADJ
cte-838	255	25	audience	audience	NOUN
cte-838	255	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	256	1	krugel	krugel	NOUN
cte-838	256	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	256	3	hubwieser	hubwieser	NOUN
cte-838	256	4	[	[	X
cte-838	256	5	32	32	NUM
cte-838	256	6	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	256	7	examines	examine	VERB
cte-838	256	8	web	web	NOUN
cte-838	256	9	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	256	10	based	base	VERB
cte-838	256	11	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	256	12	in	in	ADP
cte-838	256	13	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	256	14	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	256	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	256	16	providing	provide	VERB
cte-838	256	17	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	256	18	insights	insight	NOUN
cte-838	256	19	into	into	ADP
cte-838	256	20	progress	progress	NOUN
cte-838	256	21	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	256	22	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	256	23	of	of	ADP
cte-838	256	24	learners	learner	NOUN
cte-838	256	25	in	in	ADP
cte-838	256	26	moocs	mooc	NOUN
cte-838	256	27	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	256	28	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	257	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	257	2	findings	finding	NOUN
cte-838	257	3	highlight	highlight	VERB
cte-838	257	4	both	both	DET
cte-838	257	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	257	6	advantages	advantage	NOUN
cte-838	257	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	257	8	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	257	9	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	257	10	–	–	PUNCT
cte-838	257	11	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
cte-838	257	12	regarding	regard	VERB
cte-838	257	13	location	location	NOUN
cte-838	257	14	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	257	15	409	409	NUM
cte-838	257	16	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	257	17	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	257	18	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	257	19	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	257	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	257	21	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	257	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	257	23	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	257	24	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	257	25	12	12	NUM
cte-838	257	26	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	257	27	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	257	28	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	258	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	258	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	258	3	time	time	NOUN
cte-838	258	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	258	5	possibilities	possibility	NOUN
cte-838	258	6	for	for	ADP
cte-838	258	7	self	self	NOUN
cte-838	258	8	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	258	9	regulated	regulate	VERB
cte-838	258	10	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	258	11	–	–	PUNCT
cte-838	258	12	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	258	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	258	14	such	such	ADJ
cte-838	258	15	as	as	ADP
cte-838	258	16	maintaining	maintain	VERB
cte-838	258	17	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	258	18	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	258	19	addressing	address	VERB
cte-838	258	20	low	low	ADJ
cte-838	258	21	completion	completion	NOUN
cte-838	258	22	rates	rate	NOUN
cte-838	258	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	259	1	zhu	zhu	NOUN
cte-838	259	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	259	3	bonk	bonk	VERB
cte-838	260	1	[	[	PUNCT
cte-838	260	2	66	66	NUM
cte-838	260	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	260	4	offers	offer	VERB
cte-838	260	5	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
cte-838	260	6	for	for	ADP
cte-838	260	7	fostering	foster	VERB
cte-838	260	8	self	self	NOUN
cte-838	260	9	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	260	10	directed	direct	VERB
cte-838	260	11	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	260	12	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	260	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	260	14	presenting	present	VERB
cte-838	260	15	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	260	16	instructional	instructional	ADJ
cte-838	260	17	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	260	18	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	260	19	based	base	VERB
cte-838	260	20	on	on	ADP
cte-838	260	21	extensive	extensive	ADJ
cte-838	260	22	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	260	23	including	include	VERB
cte-838	260	24	literature	literature	NOUN
cte-838	260	25	reviews	review	NOUN
cte-838	260	26	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	260	27	surveys	survey	NOUN
cte-838	260	28	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	260	29	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	260	30	mooc	mooc	NOUN
cte-838	260	31	instructor	instructor	NOUN
cte-838	260	32	interviews	interview	NOUN
cte-838	260	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	261	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	261	2	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
cte-838	261	3	address	address	VERB
cte-838	261	4	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	261	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	261	6	self	self	NOUN
cte-838	261	7	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	261	8	management	management	NOUN
cte-838	261	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	261	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	261	11	self	self	NOUN
cte-838	261	12	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	261	13	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
cte-838	261	14	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	261	15	crucial	crucial	ADJ
cte-838	261	16	for	for	ADP
cte-838	261	17	success	success	NOUN
cte-838	261	18	in	in	ADP
cte-838	261	19	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	261	20	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	261	21	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	261	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	262	1	wang	wang	PROPN
cte-838	262	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	262	3	liu	liu	PROPN
cte-838	262	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	262	5	li	li	PROPN
cte-838	263	1	[	[	X
cte-838	263	2	62	62	NUM
cte-838	263	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	263	4	focuses	focus	VERB
cte-838	263	5	on	on	ADP
cte-838	263	6	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	263	7	variables	variable	NOUN
cte-838	263	8	for	for	ADP
cte-838	263	9	self	self	NOUN
cte-838	263	10	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	263	11	directed	direct	VERB
cte-838	263	12	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	263	13	in	in	ADP
cte-838	263	14	mooc	mooc	PROPN
cte-838	263	15	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	263	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	263	17	examining	examine	VERB
cte-838	263	18	factors	factor	NOUN
cte-838	263	19	that	that	PRON
cte-838	263	20	allow	allow	VERB
cte-838	263	21	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	263	22	choices	choice	NOUN
cte-838	263	23	made	make	VERB
cte-838	263	24	by	by	ADP
cte-838	263	25	learners	learner	NOUN
cte-838	263	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	264	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	264	2	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	264	3	identifies	identify	VERB
cte-838	264	4	key	key	ADJ
cte-838	264	5	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	264	6	elements	element	NOUN
cte-838	264	7	that	that	PRON
cte-838	264	8	support	support	VERB
cte-838	264	9	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
cte-838	264	10	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	264	11	in	in	ADP
cte-838	264	12	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	264	13	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	264	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	265	1	4.4.2	4.4.2	NUM
cte-838	265	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	265	3	automated	automate	VERB
cte-838	265	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	265	5	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	265	6	automated	automate	VERB
cte-838	265	7	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	265	8	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	265	9	play	play	VERB
cte-838	265	10	an	an	DET
cte-838	265	11	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
cte-838	265	12	important	important	ADJ
cte-838	265	13	role	role	NOUN
cte-838	265	14	in	in	ADP
cte-838	265	15	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	265	16	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	265	17	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	265	18	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	265	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	265	20	providing	provide	VERB
cte-838	265	21	immediate	immediate	ADJ
cte-838	265	22	feedback	feedback	NOUN
cte-838	265	23	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	265	24	supporting	support	VERB
cte-838	265	25	self	self	NOUN
cte-838	265	26	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	265	27	directed	direct	VERB
cte-838	265	28	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	265	29	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	266	1	rajesh	rajesh	PROPN
cte-838	266	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	266	3	rao	rao	NOUN
cte-838	266	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	266	5	thushara	thushara	NOUN
cte-838	266	6	[	[	X
cte-838	266	7	49	49	NUM
cte-838	266	8	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	266	9	offers	offer	VERB
cte-838	266	10	a	a	DET
cte-838	266	11	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cte-838	266	12	investigation	investigation	NOUN
cte-838	266	13	of	of	ADP
cte-838	266	14	code	code	NOUN
cte-838	266	15	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	266	16	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	266	17	in	in	ADP
cte-838	266	18	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	266	19	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	266	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	266	21	noting	note	VERB
cte-838	266	22	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	266	23	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	266	24	manual	manual	ADJ
cte-838	266	25	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	266	26	is	be	AUX
cte-838	266	27	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	266	28	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	266	29	automated	automate	VERB
cte-838	266	30	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	266	31	can	can	AUX
cte-838	266	32	significantly	significantly	ADV
cte-838	266	33	enhance	enhance	VERB
cte-838	266	34	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
cte-838	266	35	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	267	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	267	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cte-838	267	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	267	4	leading	lead	VERB
cte-838	267	5	opensource	opensource	NOUN
cte-838	267	6	automated	automate	VERB
cte-838	267	7	code	code	NOUN
cte-838	267	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	267	9	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	267	10	provides	provide	VERB
cte-838	267	11	insights	insight	NOUN
cte-838	267	12	into	into	ADP
cte-838	267	13	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	267	14	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	267	15	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	267	16	feedback	feedback	NOUN
cte-838	267	17	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cte-838	267	18	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cte-838	267	19	to	to	ADP
cte-838	267	20	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	267	21	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	267	22	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	267	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	268	1	harimurti	harimurti	PROPN
cte-838	268	2	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	268	3	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	268	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	269	1	[	[	X
cte-838	269	2	24	24	NUM
cte-838	269	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	269	4	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	269	5	an	an	DET
cte-838	269	6	automatic	automatic	ADJ
cte-838	269	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	269	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	269	9	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	269	10	that	that	PRON
cte-838	269	11	integrates	integrate	VERB
cte-838	269	12	k	k	ADJ
cte-838	269	13	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	269	14	means	means	NOUN
cte-838	269	15	clustering	cluster	VERB
cte-838	269	16	for	for	ADP
cte-838	269	17	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	269	18	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	269	19	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cte-838	269	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	270	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	270	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	270	3	combines	combine	VERB
cte-838	270	4	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	270	5	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cte-838	270	6	with	with	ADP
cte-838	270	7	classification	classification	NOUN
cte-838	270	8	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	270	9	to	to	PART
cte-838	270	10	divide	divide	VERB
cte-838	270	11	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	270	12	into	into	ADP
cte-838	270	13	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	270	14	groups	group	NOUN
cte-838	270	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	270	16	providing	provide	VERB
cte-838	270	17	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
cte-838	270	18	feedback	feedback	NOUN
cte-838	270	19	on	on	ADP
cte-838	270	20	their	their	PRON
cte-838	270	21	progress	progress	NOUN
cte-838	270	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	271	1	dewey	dewey	PROPN
cte-838	271	2	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	271	3	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	271	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	272	1	[	[	X
cte-838	272	2	13	13	NUM
cte-838	272	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	272	4	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	272	5	using	use	VERB
cte-838	272	6	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	272	7	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	272	8	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	272	9	for	for	ADP
cte-838	272	10	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
cte-838	272	11	test	test	NOUN
cte-838	272	12	suite	suite	NOUN
cte-838	272	13	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	272	14	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	272	15	assessing	assess	VERB
cte-838	272	16	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	272	17	code	code	NOUN
cte-838	272	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	273	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	273	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	273	3	generates	generate	VERB
cte-838	273	4	test	test	NOUN
cte-838	273	5	suites	suite	NOUN
cte-838	273	6	automatically	automatically	ADV
cte-838	273	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	273	8	identifying	identify	VERB
cte-838	273	9	defects	defect	NOUN
cte-838	273	10	that	that	PRON
cte-838	273	11	might	might	AUX
cte-838	273	12	be	be	AUX
cte-838	273	13	missed	miss	VERB
cte-838	273	14	by	by	ADP
cte-838	273	15	instructor	instructor	NOUN
cte-838	273	16	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	273	17	generated	generate	VERB
cte-838	273	18	tests	test	NOUN
cte-838	273	19	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	273	20	providing	provide	VERB
cte-838	273	21	valuable	valuable	ADJ
cte-838	273	22	feedback	feedback	NOUN
cte-838	273	23	to	to	ADP
cte-838	273	24	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	273	25	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	274	1	5	5	X
cte-838	274	2	.	.	X
cte-838	274	3	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	274	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	274	5	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
cte-838	274	6	5.1	5.1	NUM
cte-838	274	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	275	1	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	275	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	275	3	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	275	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	275	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	275	6	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	275	7	distinct	distinct	ADJ
cte-838	275	8	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	275	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	275	10	related	relate	VERB
cte-838	275	11	to	to	ADP
cte-838	275	12	the	the	DET
cte-838	275	13	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	275	14	nature	nature	NOUN
cte-838	275	15	of	of	ADP
cte-838	275	16	the	the	DET
cte-838	275	17	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	275	18	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	275	19	its	its	PRON
cte-838	275	20	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	275	21	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	275	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	276	1	5.1.1	5.1.1	NUM
cte-838	276	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	276	3	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	276	4	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	276	5	barriers	barrier	NOUN
cte-838	276	6	the	the	DET
cte-838	276	7	transition	transition	NOUN
cte-838	276	8	from	from	ADP
cte-838	276	9	imperative	imperative	NOUN
cte-838	276	10	to	to	ADP
cte-838	276	11	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	276	12	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	276	13	represents	represent	VERB
cte-838	276	14	a	a	DET
cte-838	276	15	significant	significant	ADJ
cte-838	276	16	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	276	17	barrier	barrier	NOUN
cte-838	276	18	for	for	ADP
cte-838	276	19	many	many	ADJ
cte-838	276	20	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	276	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	277	1	lovrencic	lovrencic	NOUN
cte-838	277	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	277	3	sekovanic	sekovanic	ADJ
cte-838	277	4	[	[	X
cte-838	277	5	37	37	NUM
cte-838	277	6	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	277	7	observes	observe	VERB
cte-838	277	8	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	277	9	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	277	10	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	277	11	are	be	AUX
cte-838	277	12	often	often	ADV
cte-838	277	13	more	more	ADV
cte-838	277	14	familiar	familiar	ADJ
cte-838	277	15	with	with	ADP
cte-838	277	16	imperative	imperative	ADJ
cte-838	277	17	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	277	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	277	19	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	277	20	therefore	therefore	ADV
cte-838	277	21	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	277	22	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	277	23	that	that	PRON
cte-838	277	24	belong	belong	VERB
cte-838	277	25	to	to	ADP
cte-838	277	26	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	277	27	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	277	28	are	be	AUX
cte-838	277	29	even	even	ADV
cte-838	277	30	more	more	ADV
cte-838	277	31	demanding	demanding	ADJ
cte-838	277	32	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	277	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	278	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	278	2	familiarity	familiarity	NOUN
cte-838	278	3	with	with	ADP
cte-838	278	4	step	step	NOUN
cte-838	278	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	278	6	by	by	ADP
cte-838	278	7	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	278	8	step	step	NOUN
cte-838	278	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	278	10	procedural	procedural	ADJ
cte-838	278	11	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	278	12	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	278	13	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	278	14	can	can	AUX
cte-838	278	15	impede	impede	VERB
cte-838	278	16	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	278	17	of	of	ADP
cte-838	278	18	the	the	DET
cte-838	278	19	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	278	20	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	278	21	required	require	VERB
cte-838	278	22	for	for	ADP
cte-838	278	23	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	278	24	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	278	25	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	279	1	bellström	bellström	NOUN
cte-838	279	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	279	3	thorén	thorén	VERB
cte-838	280	1	[	[	X
cte-838	280	2	6	6	NUM
cte-838	280	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	280	4	describes	describe	VERB
cte-838	280	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	280	6	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	280	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	280	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	280	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	280	10	using	use	VERB
cte-838	280	11	a	a	DET
cte-838	280	12	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	280	13	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cte-838	280	14	when	when	SCONJ
cte-838	280	15	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	280	16	come	come	VERB
cte-838	280	17	from	from	ADP
cte-838	280	18	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cte-838	280	19	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	280	20	backgrounds	background	NOUN
cte-838	280	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	281	1	they	they	PRON
cte-838	281	2	propose	propose	VERB
cte-838	281	3	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	281	4	as	as	ADP
cte-838	281	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	281	6	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	281	7	to	to	PART
cte-838	281	8	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	281	9	empower	empower	VERB
cte-838	281	10	the	the	DET
cte-838	281	11	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	281	12	component	component	NOUN
cte-838	281	13	in	in	ADP
cte-838	281	14	the	the	DET
cte-838	281	15	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	281	16	process	process	NOUN
cte-838	281	17	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	281	18	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	281	19	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	281	20	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
cte-838	281	21	an	an	DET
cte-838	281	22	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	281	23	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cte-838	281	24	to	to	PART
cte-838	281	25	achieve	achieve	VERB
cte-838	281	26	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	281	27	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	281	28	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	282	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	282	2	lack	lack	NOUN
cte-838	282	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	282	4	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	282	5	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	282	6	compounds	compound	VERB
cte-838	282	7	these	these	DET
cte-838	282	8	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	282	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	283	1	vosinakis	vosinakis	NOUN
cte-838	283	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	283	3	anastassakis	anastassaki	NOUN
cte-838	283	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	283	5	koutsabasis	koutsabasis	NOUN
cte-838	284	1	[	[	X
cte-838	284	2	60	60	NUM
cte-838	284	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	284	4	notes	note	VERB
cte-838	284	5	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	284	6	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	284	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	284	8	limited	limited	ADJ
cte-838	284	9	availability	availability	NOUN
cte-838	284	10	of	of	ADP
cte-838	284	11	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	284	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	284	13	aids	aid	NOUN
cte-838	284	14	for	for	ADP
cte-838	284	15	lp	lp	NOUN
cte-838	284	16	can	can	AUX
cte-838	284	17	lead	lead	VERB
cte-838	284	18	to	to	ADP
cte-838	284	19	low	low	ADJ
cte-838	284	20	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	284	21	for	for	ADP
cte-838	284	22	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	284	23	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	284	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	284	25	highlighting	highlight	VERB
cte-838	284	26	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	284	27	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	284	28	barriers	barrier	NOUN
cte-838	284	29	interact	interact	VERB
cte-838	284	30	with	with	ADP
cte-838	284	31	motivational	motivational	ADJ
cte-838	284	32	factors	factor	NOUN
cte-838	284	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	285	1	410	410	NUM
cte-838	285	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	285	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	285	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	285	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	285	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	285	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	285	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	285	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	285	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	285	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	285	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	285	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	285	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	286	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	286	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	PROPN
cte-838	286	3	te	te	PROPN
cte-838	286	4	st	st	PROPN
cte-838	286	5	sc	sc	PROPN
cte-838	286	6	or	or	CCONJ
cte-838	286	7	es	es	PRON
cte-838	286	8	com	com	NOUN
cte-838	286	9	pl	pl	PROPN
cte-838	286	10	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	286	11	io	io	PROPN
cte-838	286	12	n	n	ADV
cte-838	286	13	ra	ra	INTJ
cte-838	286	14	te	te	ADP
cte-838	286	15	s	s	PROPN
cte-838	286	16	se	se	PROPN
cte-838	286	17	lfre	lfre	PROPN
cte-838	286	18	po	po	PROPN
cte-838	287	1	rte	rte	PROPN
cte-838	287	2	d	d	PROPN
cte-838	287	3	und	und	VERB
cte-838	287	4	er	er	INTJ
cte-838	287	5	st	st	PROPN
cte-838	287	6	an	an	DET
cte-838	287	7	di	di	NOUN
cte-838	287	8	ng	ng	PROPN
cte-838	287	9	lo	lo	PROPN
cte-838	287	10	ng	ng	PROPN
cte-838	287	11	-te	-te	PROPN
cte-838	287	12	rm	rm	PROPN
cte-838	287	13	re	re	ADP
cte-838	287	14	te	te	PROPN
cte-838	287	15	nt	not	PART
cte-838	287	16	io	io	PROPN
cte-838	287	17	n	n	PROPN
cte-838	287	18	0	0	NUM
cte-838	287	19	20	20	NUM
cte-838	287	20	40	40	NUM
cte-838	287	21	60	60	NUM
cte-838	287	22	80	80	NUM
cte-838	287	23	100	100	NUM
cte-838	287	24	62	62	NUM
cte-838	287	25	58	58	NUM
cte-838	287	26	55	55	NUM
cte-838	287	27	42	42	NUM
cte-838	287	28	70	70	NUM
cte-838	287	29	67	67	NUM
cte-838	287	30	68	68	NUM
cte-838	287	31	51	51	NUM
cte-838	287	32	79	79	NUM
cte-838	287	33	75	75	NUM
cte-838	287	34	80	80	NUM
cte-838	287	35	72	72	NUM
cte-838	287	36	84	84	NUM
cte-838	287	37	79	79	NUM
cte-838	287	38	86	86	NUM
cte-838	287	39	78	78	NUM
cte-838	287	40	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	287	41	metrics	metric	NOUN
cte-838	287	42	p	p	PROPN
cte-838	287	43	er	er	INTJ
cte-838	287	44	ce	ce	PROPN
cte-838	287	45	n	n	X
cte-838	287	46	ta	ta	X
cte-838	287	47	ge	ge	PROPN
cte-838	287	48	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	287	49	%	%	INTJ
cte-838	287	50	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	287	51	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cte-838	287	52	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	287	53	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	287	54	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	287	55	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	287	56	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	287	57	based	base	VERB
cte-838	287	58	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	287	59	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	287	60	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	287	61	enhanced	enhance	VERB
cte-838	287	62	combined	combine	VERB
cte-838	287	63	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	287	64	figure	figure	NOUN
cte-838	287	65	5	5	NUM
cte-838	287	66	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	287	67	comparison	comparison	NOUN
cte-838	287	68	of	of	ADP
cte-838	287	69	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	287	70	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	287	71	metrics	metric	NOUN
cte-838	287	72	across	across	ADP
cte-838	287	73	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	287	74	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	287	75	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	287	76	for	for	ADP
cte-838	287	77	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	287	78	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	287	79	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	288	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	288	2	combined	combined	ADJ
cte-838	288	3	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	288	4	integrating	integrate	VERB
cte-838	288	5	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	288	6	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	288	7	based	base	VERB
cte-838	288	8	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	288	9	with	with	ADP
cte-838	288	10	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	288	11	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	288	12	shows	show	VERB
cte-838	288	13	the	the	DET
cte-838	288	14	strongest	strong	ADJ
cte-838	288	15	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cte-838	288	16	across	across	ADP
cte-838	288	17	all	all	DET
cte-838	288	18	metrics	metric	NOUN
cte-838	288	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	288	20	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	288	21	in	in	ADP
cte-838	288	22	long	long	ADJ
cte-838	288	23	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	288	24	term	term	NOUN
cte-838	288	25	retention	retention	NOUN
cte-838	288	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	289	1	data	datum	NOUN
cte-838	289	2	synthesized	synthesize	VERB
cte-838	289	3	from	from	ADP
cte-838	289	4	studies	study	NOUN
cte-838	289	5	by	by	ADP
cte-838	289	6	awasekar	awasekar	ADJ
cte-838	290	1	[	[	X
cte-838	290	2	4	4	NUM
cte-838	290	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	290	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	290	5	vosinakis	vosinaki	NOUN
cte-838	290	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	290	7	anastassakis	anastassaki	NOUN
cte-838	290	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	290	9	koutsabasis	koutsabasis	NOUN
cte-838	291	1	[	[	X
cte-838	291	2	60	60	NUM
cte-838	291	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	291	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	291	5	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	291	6	ibarra	ibarra	NOUN
cte-838	291	7	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	291	8	torres	torres	PROPN
cte-838	291	9	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	291	10	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	291	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	292	1	[	[	X
cte-838	292	2	26	26	NUM
cte-838	292	3	]	]	SYM
cte-838	292	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	293	1	5.1.2	5.1.2	X
cte-838	293	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	293	3	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	293	4	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	293	5	understanding	understand	VERB
cte-838	293	6	understanding	understand	VERB
cte-838	293	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	293	8	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	293	9	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	293	10	of	of	ADP
cte-838	293	11	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	293	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	293	13	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	293	14	–	–	PUNCT
cte-838	293	15	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	293	16	unification	unification	NOUN
cte-838	293	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	293	18	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cte-838	293	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	293	20	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	293	21	backtracking	backtrack	VERB
cte-838	293	22	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cte-838	293	23	–	–	PUNCT
cte-838	293	24	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	293	25	another	another	DET
cte-838	293	26	significant	significant	ADJ
cte-838	293	27	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	293	28	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	293	29	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	294	1	körner	körner	NOUN
cte-838	294	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	294	3	schneider	schneider	NOUN
cte-838	294	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	294	5	leuschel	leuschel	PROPN
cte-838	294	6	[	[	X
cte-838	294	7	30	30	NUM
cte-838	294	8	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	294	9	discusses	discuss	VERB
cte-838	294	10	the	the	DET
cte-838	294	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	294	12	of	of	ADP
cte-838	294	13	understanding	understand	VERB
cte-838	294	14	bytecode	bytecode	NOUN
cte-838	294	15	interpreters	interpreter	NOUN
cte-838	294	16	in	in	ADP
cte-838	294	17	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	294	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	294	19	noting	note	VERB
cte-838	294	20	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	294	21	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	294	22	the	the	DET
cte-838	294	23	semantics	semantic	NOUN
cte-838	294	24	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	294	25	the	the	DET
cte-838	294	26	recursive	recursive	ADJ
cte-838	294	27	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	294	28	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	294	29	of	of	ADP
cte-838	294	30	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	294	31	make	make	VERB
cte-838	294	32	it	it	PRON
cte-838	294	33	very	very	ADV
cte-838	294	34	natural	natural	ADJ
cte-838	294	35	to	to	PART
cte-838	294	36	express	express	VERB
cte-838	294	37	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	294	38	interpreters	interpreter	NOUN
cte-838	294	39	in	in	ADP
cte-838	294	40	form	form	NOUN
cte-838	294	41	of	of	ADP
cte-838	294	42	ast	ast	NOUN
cte-838	294	43	interpreters	interpreter	NOUN
cte-838	294	44	where	where	SCONJ
cte-838	294	45	the	the	DET
cte-838	294	46	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	294	47	follows	follow	VERB
cte-838	294	48	the	the	DET
cte-838	294	49	tree	tree	NOUN
cte-838	294	50	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	294	51	of	of	ADP
cte-838	294	52	a	a	DET
cte-838	294	53	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	294	54	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	294	55	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	295	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	295	2	recursive	recursive	ADJ
cte-838	295	3	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	295	4	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	295	5	differs	differ	VERB
cte-838	295	6	substantially	substantially	ADV
cte-838	295	7	from	from	ADP
cte-838	295	8	the	the	DET
cte-838	295	9	sequential	sequential	ADJ
cte-838	295	10	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	295	11	models	model	NOUN
cte-838	295	12	familiar	familiar	ADJ
cte-838	295	13	to	to	ADP
cte-838	295	14	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	295	15	from	from	ADP
cte-838	295	16	imperative	imperative	ADJ
cte-838	295	17	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	295	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	295	19	le	le	X
cte-838	296	1	[	[	X
cte-838	296	2	34	34	NUM
cte-838	296	3	]	]	AUX
cte-838	296	4	identifies	identify	VERB
cte-838	296	5	common	common	ADJ
cte-838	296	6	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	296	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	296	8	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	296	9	novice	novice	NOUN
cte-838	296	10	programmers	programmer	NOUN
cte-838	296	11	based	base	VERB
cte-838	296	12	on	on	ADP
cte-838	296	13	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cte-838	296	14	of	of	ADP
cte-838	296	15	a	a	DET
cte-838	296	16	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	296	17	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	296	18	based	base	VERB
cte-838	296	19	error	error	NOUN
cte-838	296	20	diagnosis	diagnosis	NOUN
cte-838	296	21	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	296	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	297	1	his	his	PRON
cte-838	297	2	findings	finding	NOUN
cte-838	297	3	highlight	highlight	VERB
cte-838	297	4	recurrent	recurrent	ADJ
cte-838	297	5	misconceptions	misconception	NOUN
cte-838	297	6	related	relate	VERB
cte-838	297	7	to	to	ADP
cte-838	297	8	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	297	9	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	297	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	297	11	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	297	12	inference	inference	NOUN
cte-838	297	13	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cte-838	297	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	298	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	298	2	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	298	3	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	298	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	298	5	are	be	AUX
cte-838	298	6	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	298	7	acute	acute	ADJ
cte-838	298	8	in	in	ADP
cte-838	298	9	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	298	10	set	set	VERB
cte-838	298	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	298	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	299	1	hansen	hansen	PROPN
cte-838	299	2	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	299	3	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	299	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	300	1	[	[	X
cte-838	300	2	21	21	NUM
cte-838	300	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	300	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
cte-838	300	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	300	6	data	data	NOUN
cte-838	300	7	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	300	8	driven	drive	VERB
cte-838	300	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cte-838	300	10	of	of	ADP
cte-838	300	11	common	common	ADJ
cte-838	300	12	errors	error	NOUN
cte-838	300	13	encountered	encounter	VERB
cte-838	300	14	by	by	ADP
cte-838	300	15	novice	novice	NOUN
cte-838	300	16	sparc	sparc	NOUN
cte-838	300	17	programmers	programmer	NOUN
cte-838	300	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	300	19	identifying	identify	VERB
cte-838	300	20	error	error	NOUN
cte-838	300	21	classes	class	NOUN
cte-838	300	22	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	300	23	measuring	measure	VERB
cte-838	300	24	their	their	PRON
cte-838	300	25	frequency	frequency	NOUN
cte-838	300	26	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	300	27	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
cte-838	300	28	of	of	ADP
cte-838	300	29	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cte-838	300	30	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	301	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	301	2	findings	finding	NOUN
cte-838	301	3	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	301	4	insight	insight	NOUN
cte-838	301	5	into	into	ADP
cte-838	301	6	the	the	DET
cte-838	301	7	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	301	8	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	301	9	faced	face	VERB
cte-838	301	10	by	by	ADP
cte-838	301	11	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	301	12	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	301	13	asp	asp	NOUN
cte-838	301	14	’s	’s	PART
cte-838	301	15	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	301	16	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	301	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	302	1	figure	figure	VERB
cte-838	302	2	6	6	NUM
cte-838	302	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
cte-838	302	4	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	302	5	prior	prior	ADJ
cte-838	302	6	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	302	7	experience	experience	NOUN
cte-838	302	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	302	9	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	302	10	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cte-838	302	11	abilities	ability	NOUN
cte-838	302	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	302	13	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	302	14	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	302	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	302	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	302	17	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	302	18	of	of	ADP
cte-838	302	19	the	the	DET
cte-838	302	20	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	302	21	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	302	22	influence	influence	NOUN
cte-838	302	23	each	each	DET
cte-838	302	24	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	302	25	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	302	26	creating	create	VERB
cte-838	302	27	a	a	DET
cte-838	302	28	complex	complex	ADJ
cte-838	302	29	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	302	30	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cte-838	302	31	for	for	ADP
cte-838	302	32	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	302	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	303	1	5.2	5.2	NUM
cte-838	303	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	304	1	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	304	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	304	3	beyond	beyond	ADP
cte-838	304	4	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	304	5	factors	factor	NOUN
cte-838	304	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	304	7	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	304	8	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	304	9	related	relate	VERB
cte-838	304	10	to	to	ADP
cte-838	304	11	curriculum	curriculum	VERB
cte-838	304	12	constraints	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	304	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	304	14	faculty	faculty	NOUN
cte-838	304	15	expertise	expertise	NOUN
cte-838	304	16	affect	affect	VERB
cte-838	304	17	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	304	18	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	304	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	304	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	305	1	411	411	NUM
cte-838	305	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	305	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	305	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	305	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	305	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	305	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	305	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	305	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	305	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	305	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	305	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	305	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	305	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	306	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	306	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	306	3	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	306	4	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	306	5	focus	focus	NOUN
cte-838	306	6	on	on	ADP
cte-838	306	7	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	306	8	what	what	PRON
cte-838	306	9	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	306	10	not	not	PART
cte-838	306	11	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	306	12	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	306	13	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	306	14	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	306	15	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	306	16	relationship	relationship	NOUN
cte-838	306	17	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	306	18	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	306	19	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	306	20	unification	unification	NOUN
cte-838	306	21	process	process	NOUN
cte-838	306	22	backtracking	backtrack	VERB
cte-838	306	23	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
cte-838	306	24	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cte-838	306	25	principle	principle	NOUN
cte-838	306	26	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	306	27	transfer	transfer	NOUN
cte-838	306	28	prior	prior	ADV
cte-838	306	29	imperative	imperative	ADJ
cte-838	306	30	bias	bias	NOUN
cte-838	306	31	mental	mental	ADJ
cte-838	306	32	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	306	33	conflict	conflict	NOUN
cte-838	306	34	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	306	35	habits	habit	NOUN
cte-838	306	36	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	306	37	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cte-838	306	38	pattern	pattern	NOUN
cte-838	306	39	recognition	recognition	NOUN
cte-838	306	40	recursive	recursive	ADJ
cte-838	306	41	thinking	think	VERB
cte-838	306	42	abstract	abstract	ADJ
cte-838	306	43	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	306	44	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	306	45	solving	solve	VERB
cte-838	306	46	impacts	impact	NOUN
cte-838	306	47	impedes	impede	VERB
cte-838	306	48	supports	support	NOUN
cte-838	306	49	enhances	enhance	VERB
cte-838	306	50	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
cte-838	306	51	with	with	ADP
cte-838	306	52	needs	need	NOUN
cte-838	306	53	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	306	54	figure	figure	NOUN
cte-838	306	55	6	6	NUM
cte-838	306	56	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	306	57	interconnected	interconnected	ADJ
cte-838	306	58	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	306	59	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	306	60	in	in	ADP
cte-838	306	61	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	306	62	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	306	63	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	306	64	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	307	1	5.2.1	5.2.1	X
cte-838	307	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	307	3	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	307	4	constraints	constraint	VERB
cte-838	307	5	limited	limit	VERB
cte-838	307	6	time	time	NOUN
cte-838	307	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	307	8	competing	compete	VERB
cte-838	307	9	priorities	priority	NOUN
cte-838	307	10	within	within	ADP
cte-838	307	11	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	307	12	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	307	13	curricula	curricula	NOUN
cte-838	307	14	create	create	VERB
cte-838	307	15	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	307	16	for	for	ADP
cte-838	307	17	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	307	18	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	307	19	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	307	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	308	1	boluk	boluk	NOUN
cte-838	308	2	[	[	X
cte-838	308	3	8	8	X
cte-838	308	4	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	308	5	discusses	discuss	VERB
cte-838	308	6	integrated	integrated	ADJ
cte-838	308	7	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	308	8	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	308	9	as	as	ADP
cte-838	308	10	a	a	DET
cte-838	308	11	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	308	12	to	to	PART
cte-838	308	13	address	address	VERB
cte-838	308	14	these	these	DET
cte-838	308	15	constraints	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	308	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	308	17	advocating	advocate	VERB
cte-838	308	18	for	for	ADP
cte-838	308	19	uniting	unite	VERB
cte-838	308	20	core	core	NOUN
cte-838	308	21	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	308	22	to	to	PART
cte-838	308	23	create	create	VERB
cte-838	308	24	a	a	DET
cte-838	308	25	more	more	ADV
cte-838	308	26	coherent	coherent	ADJ
cte-838	308	27	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	308	28	experience	experience	NOUN
cte-838	308	29	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	309	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	309	2	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	309	3	can	can	AUX
cte-838	309	4	help	help	VERB
cte-838	309	5	position	position	VERB
cte-838	309	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	309	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	309	8	within	within	ADP
cte-838	309	9	a	a	DET
cte-838	309	10	broader	broad	ADJ
cte-838	309	11	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	309	12	context	context	NOUN
cte-838	309	13	rather	rather	ADV
cte-838	309	14	than	than	ADP
cte-838	309	15	treating	treat	VERB
cte-838	309	16	it	it	PRON
cte-838	309	17	as	as	ADP
cte-838	309	18	an	an	DET
cte-838	309	19	isolated	isolated	ADJ
cte-838	309	20	subject	subject	NOUN
cte-838	309	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	310	1	anderson	anderson	PROPN
cte-838	311	1	[	[	X
cte-838	311	2	2	2	NUM
cte-838	311	3	]	]	AUX
cte-838	311	4	examines	examine	VERB
cte-838	311	5	overarching	overarching	ADJ
cte-838	311	6	goals	goal	NOUN
cte-838	311	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	311	8	values	value	NOUN
cte-838	311	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	311	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	311	11	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
cte-838	311	12	of	of	ADP
cte-838	311	13	integrated	integrate	VERB
cte-838	311	14	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	311	15	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	311	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	311	17	noting	note	VERB
cte-838	311	18	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	311	19	such	such	ADJ
cte-838	311	20	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	311	21	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	311	22	ignore	ignore	VERB
cte-838	311	23	subject	subject	ADJ
cte-838	311	24	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	311	25	matter	matter	NOUN
cte-838	311	26	lines	line	NOUN
cte-838	311	27	of	of	ADP
cte-838	311	28	delineation	delineation	NOUN
cte-838	311	29	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	311	30	to	to	PART
cte-838	311	31	bring	bring	VERB
cte-838	311	32	together	together	ADV
cte-838	311	33	separate	separate	ADJ
cte-838	311	34	pieces	piece	NOUN
cte-838	311	35	of	of	ADP
cte-838	311	36	a	a	DET
cte-838	311	37	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	311	38	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	312	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	312	2	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	312	3	requires	require	VERB
cte-838	312	4	careful	careful	ADJ
cte-838	312	5	consideration	consideration	NOUN
cte-838	312	6	of	of	ADP
cte-838	312	7	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	312	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	312	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	312	10	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	312	11	connect	connect	VERB
cte-838	312	12	with	with	ADP
cte-838	312	13	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	312	14	curricular	curricular	ADJ
cte-838	312	15	elements	element	NOUN
cte-838	312	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	313	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	313	2	position	position	NOUN
cte-838	313	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	313	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	313	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	313	6	within	within	ADP
cte-838	313	7	computing	computing	NOUN
cte-838	313	8	curricula	curricula	NOUN
cte-838	313	9	raises	raise	VERB
cte-838	313	10	questions	question	NOUN
cte-838	313	11	about	about	ADP
cte-838	313	12	its	its	PRON
cte-838	313	13	continued	continued	ADJ
cte-838	313	14	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	313	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	314	1	hynek	hynek	ADJ
cte-838	314	2	[	[	X
cte-838	314	3	25	25	NUM
cte-838	314	4	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	314	5	asks	ask	VERB
cte-838	314	6	whether	whether	SCONJ
cte-838	314	7	there	there	PRON
cte-838	314	8	are	be	VERB
cte-838	314	9	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	314	10	still	still	ADV
cte-838	314	11	some	some	DET
cte-838	314	12	good	good	ADJ
cte-838	314	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	314	14	justified	justify	VERB
cte-838	314	15	reasons	reason	NOUN
cte-838	314	16	to	to	PART
cte-838	314	17	keep	keep	VERB
cte-838	314	18	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	314	19	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	314	20	in	in	ADP
cte-838	314	21	the	the	DET
cte-838	314	22	present	present	ADJ
cte-838	314	23	ict	ict	NOUN
cte-838	314	24	specialists	specialist	NOUN
cte-838	314	25	curricula	curricula	PROPN
cte-838	314	26	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	314	27	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	314	28	reflecting	reflect	VERB
cte-838	314	29	the	the	DET
cte-838	314	30	tensions	tension	NOUN
cte-838	314	31	between	between	ADP
cte-838	314	32	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cte-838	314	33	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	314	34	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	314	35	based	base	VERB
cte-838	314	36	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	314	37	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	314	38	emerging	emerge	VERB
cte-838	314	39	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	314	40	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	314	41	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	315	1	5.2.2	5.2.2	NUM
cte-838	315	2	.	.	NOUN
cte-838	315	3	faculty	faculty	NOUN
cte-838	315	4	expertise	expertise	NOUN
cte-838	315	5	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cte-838	315	6	faculty	faculty	NOUN
cte-838	315	7	expertise	expertise	NOUN
cte-838	315	8	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cte-838	315	9	also	also	ADV
cte-838	315	10	impact	impact	VERB
cte-838	315	11	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	315	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	315	13	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	315	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	315	15	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	315	16	instructors	instructor	NOUN
cte-838	315	17	may	may	AUX
cte-838	315	18	lack	lack	VERB
cte-838	315	19	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
cte-838	315	20	background	background	NOUN
cte-838	315	21	in	in	ADP
cte-838	315	22	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	315	23	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	315	24	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	315	25	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	316	1	ibarra	ibarra	PROPN
cte-838	316	2	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	316	3	torres	torres	PROPN
cte-838	316	4	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	316	5	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	316	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	317	1	[	[	X
cte-838	317	2	26	26	NUM
cte-838	317	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	317	4	notes	note	VERB
cte-838	317	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	317	6	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	317	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	317	8	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	317	9	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	317	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	317	11	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	317	12	to	to	ADP
cte-838	317	13	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	317	14	who	who	PRON
cte-838	317	15	do	do	AUX
cte-838	317	16	not	not	PART
cte-838	317	17	have	have	VERB
cte-838	317	18	a	a	DET
cte-838	317	19	background	background	NOUN
cte-838	317	20	in	in	ADP
cte-838	317	21	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	317	22	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	317	23	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	317	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	317	25	observing	observe	VERB
cte-838	317	26	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	317	27	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	317	28	the	the	DET
cte-838	317	29	instructor	instructor	NOUN
cte-838	317	30	has	have	VERB
cte-838	317	31	to	to	PART
cte-838	317	32	awaken	awaken	VERB
cte-838	317	33	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	317	34	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	317	35	solving	solve	VERB
cte-838	317	36	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	317	37	critical	critical	ADJ
cte-838	317	38	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	317	39	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	317	40	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	317	41	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	317	42	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cte-838	317	43	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	317	44	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	317	45	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	318	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	318	2	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	318	3	is	be	AUX
cte-838	318	4	compounded	compound	VERB
cte-838	318	5	when	when	SCONJ
cte-838	318	6	instructors	instructor	NOUN
cte-838	318	7	themselves	themselves	PRON
cte-838	318	8	have	have	VERB
cte-838	318	9	limited	limited	ADJ
cte-838	318	10	experience	experience	NOUN
cte-838	318	11	with	with	ADP
cte-838	318	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	318	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	318	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	319	1	msweli	msweli	PROPN
cte-838	319	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	319	3	mawela	mawela	PROPN
cte-838	319	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	319	5	twinomurinzi	twinomurinzi	NOUN
cte-838	320	1	[	[	X
cte-838	320	2	41	41	NUM
cte-838	320	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	320	4	discusses	discuss	VERB
cte-838	320	5	transdisciplinary	transdisciplinary	ADJ
cte-838	320	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	320	7	practices	practice	NOUN
cte-838	320	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	320	9	noting	note	VERB
cte-838	320	10	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	320	11	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	320	12	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	320	13	data	datum	NOUN
cte-838	320	14	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	320	15	programmes	programme	NOUN
cte-838	320	16	poses	pose	VERB
cte-838	320	17	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	320	18	for	for	ADP
cte-838	320	19	instructors	instructor	NOUN
cte-838	320	20	due	due	ADP
cte-838	320	21	to	to	ADP
cte-838	320	22	the	the	DET
cte-838	320	23	transdisciplinarity	transdisciplinarity	NOUN
cte-838	320	24	of	of	ADP
cte-838	320	25	the	the	DET
cte-838	320	26	field	field	NOUN
cte-838	320	27	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	320	28	the	the	DET
cte-838	320	29	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cte-838	320	30	backgrounds	background	NOUN
cte-838	320	31	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	320	32	skill	skill	NOUN
cte-838	320	33	levels	level	NOUN
cte-838	320	34	of	of	ADP
cte-838	320	35	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	320	36	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	320	37	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	321	1	similar	similar	ADJ
cte-838	321	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	321	3	arise	arise	VERB
cte-838	321	4	in	in	ADP
cte-838	321	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	321	6	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	321	7	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	321	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	321	9	where	where	SCONJ
cte-838	321	10	instruc412	instruc412	PROPN
cte-838	321	11	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	PROPN
cte-838	321	12	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	321	13	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	321	14	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	321	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	321	16	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	321	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	321	18	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	321	19	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	321	20	12	12	NUM
cte-838	321	21	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	321	22	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	321	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	322	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	322	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	322	3	tors	tor	NOUN
cte-838	322	4	must	must	AUX
cte-838	322	5	bridge	bridge	VERB
cte-838	322	6	multiple	multiple	ADJ
cte-838	322	7	disciplines	discipline	NOUN
cte-838	322	8	including	include	VERB
cte-838	322	9	formal	formal	ADJ
cte-838	322	10	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	322	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	322	12	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	322	13	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	322	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	322	15	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	322	16	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	322	17	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	322	18	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	322	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	323	1	resource	resource	NOUN
cte-838	323	2	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cte-838	323	3	compound	compound	VERB
cte-838	323	4	these	these	DET
cte-838	323	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	323	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	324	1	nipyrakis	nipyraki	NOUN
cte-838	324	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	324	3	stavrou	stavrou	VERB
cte-838	324	4	[	[	X
cte-838	324	5	42	42	NUM
cte-838	324	6	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	324	7	examines	examine	VERB
cte-838	324	8	the	the	DET
cte-838	324	9	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	324	10	of	of	ADP
cte-838	324	11	information	information	NOUN
cte-838	324	12	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	324	13	communication	communication	NOUN
cte-838	324	14	technologies	technology	NOUN
cte-838	324	15	in	in	ADP
cte-838	324	16	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	324	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	324	18	finding	find	VERB
cte-838	324	19	that	that	PRON
cte-838	324	20	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	324	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
cte-838	324	22	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	324	23	addressed	address	VERB
cte-838	324	24	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
cte-838	324	25	in	in	ADP
cte-838	324	26	’	'	PUNCT
cte-838	324	27	actively	actively	ADV
cte-838	324	28	’	'	PUNCT
cte-838	324	29	integrating	integrate	VERB
cte-838	324	30	technology	technology	NOUN
cte-838	324	31	not	not	PART
cte-838	324	32	only	only	ADV
cte-838	324	33	due	due	ADJ
cte-838	324	34	to	to	ADP
cte-838	324	35	lack	lack	NOUN
cte-838	324	36	of	of	ADP
cte-838	324	37	content	content	NOUN
cte-838	324	38	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	324	39	technological	technological	ADJ
cte-838	324	40	content	content	NOUN
cte-838	324	41	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	324	42	needed	need	VERB
cte-838	324	43	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	324	44	but	but	CCONJ
cte-838	324	45	also	also	ADV
cte-838	324	46	due	due	ADP
cte-838	324	47	to	to	ADP
cte-838	324	48	cultural	cultural	ADJ
cte-838	324	49	incompatibilities	incompatibility	NOUN
cte-838	324	50	with	with	ADP
cte-838	324	51	the	the	DET
cte-838	324	52	innovative	innovative	ADJ
cte-838	324	53	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	324	54	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	324	55	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	324	56	centered	center	VERB
cte-838	324	57	affordances	affordance	NOUN
cte-838	324	58	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	324	59	of	of	ADP
cte-838	324	60	new	new	ADJ
cte-838	324	61	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	324	62	technologies	technology	NOUN
cte-838	324	63	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	325	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	325	2	same	same	ADJ
cte-838	325	3	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cte-838	325	4	affect	affect	VERB
cte-838	325	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	325	6	adoption	adoption	NOUN
cte-838	325	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	325	8	innovative	innovative	ADJ
cte-838	325	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	325	10	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	325	11	for	for	ADP
cte-838	325	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	325	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	325	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	326	1	5.3	5.3	NUM
cte-838	326	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	326	3	motivational	motivational	ADJ
cte-838	326	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	326	5	motivational	motivational	ADJ
cte-838	326	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	326	7	significantly	significantly	ADV
cte-838	326	8	impact	impact	VERB
cte-838	326	9	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	326	10	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	326	11	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	326	12	persistence	persistence	NOUN
cte-838	326	13	in	in	ADP
cte-838	326	14	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	326	15	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	326	16	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	326	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	327	1	5.3.1	5.3.1	X
cte-838	327	2	.	.	NOUN
cte-838	327	3	perceived	perceive	VERB
cte-838	327	4	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	327	5	issues	issue	NOUN
cte-838	327	6	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	327	7	’	’	PART
cte-838	327	8	perceptions	perception	NOUN
cte-838	327	9	of	of	ADP
cte-838	327	10	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	327	11	strongly	strongly	ADV
cte-838	327	12	influence	influence	VERB
cte-838	327	13	their	their	PRON
cte-838	327	14	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	327	15	to	to	PART
cte-838	327	16	learn	learn	VERB
cte-838	327	17	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	327	18	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	327	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	328	1	miranda	miranda	PROPN
cte-838	328	2	júnior	júnior	PROPN
cte-838	328	3	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	328	4	oliveira	oliveira	PROPN
cte-838	328	5	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	328	6	mistris	mistris	PROPN
cte-838	329	1	[	[	X
cte-838	329	2	40	40	NUM
cte-838	329	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	329	4	observes	observe	VERB
cte-838	329	5	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	329	6	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	329	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	329	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	329	9	of	of	ADP
cte-838	329	10	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	329	11	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	329	12	in	in	ADP
cte-838	329	13	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	329	14	of	of	ADP
cte-838	329	15	various	various	ADJ
cte-838	329	16	levels	level	NOUN
cte-838	329	17	of	of	ADP
cte-838	329	18	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	329	19	has	have	AUX
cte-838	329	20	been	be	AUX
cte-838	329	21	a	a	DET
cte-838	329	22	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	329	23	for	for	ADP
cte-838	329	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
cte-838	329	25	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	329	26	docents	docent	NOUN
cte-838	329	27	in	in	ADP
cte-838	329	28	the	the	DET
cte-838	329	29	area	area	NOUN
cte-838	329	30	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	329	31	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	329	32	they	they	PRON
cte-838	329	33	experience	experience	VERB
cte-838	329	34	the	the	DET
cte-838	329	35	reality	reality	NOUN
cte-838	329	36	of	of	ADP
cte-838	329	37	a	a	DET
cte-838	329	38	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	329	39	number	number	NOUN
cte-838	329	40	of	of	ADP
cte-838	329	41	course	course	NOUN
cte-838	329	42	evasion	evasion	NOUN
cte-838	329	43	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	329	44	lack	lack	NOUN
cte-838	329	45	of	of	ADP
cte-838	329	46	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	329	47	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	329	48	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	329	49	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	330	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	330	2	lack	lack	NOUN
cte-838	330	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	330	4	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	330	5	often	often	ADV
cte-838	330	6	stems	stem	VERB
cte-838	330	7	from	from	ADP
cte-838	330	8	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	330	9	’	'	PUNCT
cte-838	330	10	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
cte-838	330	11	about	about	ADP
cte-838	330	12	the	the	DET
cte-838	330	13	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	330	14	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	330	15	of	of	ADP
cte-838	330	16	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	330	17	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	330	18	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	330	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	331	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	331	2	abstract	abstract	ADJ
cte-838	331	3	nature	nature	NOUN
cte-838	331	4	of	of	ADP
cte-838	331	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	331	6	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	331	7	contributes	contribute	VERB
cte-838	331	8	to	to	ADP
cte-838	331	9	this	this	DET
cte-838	331	10	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	331	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	332	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
cte-838	332	2	web	web	NOUN
cte-838	332	3	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	332	4	or	or	CCONJ
cte-838	332	5	mobile	mobile	ADJ
cte-838	332	6	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	332	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	332	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	332	9	the	the	DET
cte-838	332	10	benefits	benefit	NOUN
cte-838	332	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	332	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	332	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	332	14	may	may	AUX
cte-838	332	15	be	be	AUX
cte-838	332	16	less	less	ADV
cte-838	332	17	immediately	immediately	ADV
cte-838	332	18	apparent	apparent	ADJ
cte-838	332	19	to	to	ADP
cte-838	332	20	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	332	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	333	1	vosinakis	vosinaki	NOUN
cte-838	333	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	333	3	koutsabasis	koutsabasis	NOUN
cte-838	333	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	333	5	anastassakis	anastassaki	NOUN
cte-838	334	1	[	[	X
cte-838	334	2	61	61	NUM
cte-838	334	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	334	4	notes	note	VERB
cte-838	334	5	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	334	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	334	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	334	8	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	334	9	being	be	AUX
cte-838	334	10	based	base	VERB
cte-838	334	11	on	on	ADP
cte-838	334	12	a	a	DET
cte-838	334	13	fundamentally	fundamentally	ADV
cte-838	334	14	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	334	15	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	334	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	334	17	lacking	lack	VERB
cte-838	334	18	any	any	DET
cte-838	334	19	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	334	20	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	334	21	for	for	ADP
cte-838	334	22	inexperienced	inexperienced	ADJ
cte-838	334	23	users	user	NOUN
cte-838	334	24	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	334	25	can	can	AUX
cte-838	334	26	lead	lead	VERB
cte-838	334	27	to	to	ADP
cte-838	334	28	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	334	29	confusion	confusion	NOUN
cte-838	334	30	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	334	31	low	low	ADJ
cte-838	334	32	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	334	33	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	334	34	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	334	35	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	335	1	kheirkhahzadeh	kheirkhahzadeh	NOUN
cte-838	335	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	335	3	sauer	sauer	NOUN
cte-838	335	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	335	5	fotaris	fotaris	NOUN
cte-838	335	6	[	[	X
cte-838	335	7	29	29	NUM
cte-838	335	8	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	335	9	argues	argue	VERB
cte-838	335	10	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	335	11	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	335	12	the	the	DET
cte-838	335	13	concept	concept	NOUN
cte-838	335	14	of	of	ADP
cte-838	335	15	software	software	NOUN
cte-838	335	16	engineering	engineering	NOUN
cte-838	335	17	introduced	introduce	VERB
cte-838	335	18	in	in	ADP
cte-838	335	19	the	the	DET
cte-838	335	20	class	class	NOUN
cte-838	335	21	needs	need	VERB
cte-838	335	22	to	to	PART
cte-838	335	23	be	be	AUX
cte-838	335	24	revised	revise	VERB
cte-838	335	25	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	335	26	become	become	VERB
cte-838	335	27	more	more	ADV
cte-838	335	28	engaging	engaging	ADJ
cte-838	335	29	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	335	30	to	to	PART
cte-838	335	31	address	address	VERB
cte-838	335	32	motivational	motivational	ADJ
cte-838	335	33	issues	issue	NOUN
cte-838	335	34	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	336	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	336	2	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	336	3	on	on	ADP
cte-838	336	4	gamification	gamification	NOUN
cte-838	336	5	of	of	ADP
cte-838	336	6	competitive	competitive	ADJ
cte-838	336	7	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	336	8	experiences	experience	NOUN
cte-838	336	9	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	336	10	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	336	11	contextualizing	contextualizing	ADJ
cte-838	336	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	336	13	within	within	ADP
cte-838	336	14	engaging	engage	VERB
cte-838	336	15	frameworks	framework	NOUN
cte-838	336	16	can	can	AUX
cte-838	336	17	enhance	enhance	VERB
cte-838	336	18	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	336	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	337	1	5.3.2	5.3.2	X
cte-838	337	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	337	3	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	337	4	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	337	5	achieving	achieve	VERB
cte-838	337	6	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	337	7	maintaining	maintain	VERB
cte-838	337	8	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	337	9	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	337	10	represents	represent	VERB
cte-838	337	11	a	a	DET
cte-838	337	12	persistent	persistent	ADJ
cte-838	337	13	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	337	14	in	in	ADP
cte-838	337	15	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	337	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	337	17	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	337	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	338	1	sharma	sharma	PROPN
cte-838	338	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	338	3	shen	shen	NOUN
cte-838	338	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	338	5	goodwin	goodwin	PROPN
cte-838	339	1	[	[	X
cte-838	339	2	53	53	NUM
cte-838	339	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	339	4	identifies	identify	VERB
cte-838	339	5	lack	lack	NOUN
cte-838	339	6	of	of	ADP
cte-838	339	7	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	339	8	as	as	ADP
cte-838	339	9	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	339	10	a	a	DET
cte-838	339	11	key	key	ADJ
cte-838	339	12	determinant	determinant	NOUN
cte-838	339	13	of	of	ADP
cte-838	339	14	a	a	DET
cte-838	339	15	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	339	16	’s	’s	PART
cte-838	339	17	poor	poor	ADJ
cte-838	339	18	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	339	19	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	339	20	in	in	ADP
cte-838	339	21	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	339	22	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	339	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	340	1	they	they	PRON
cte-838	340	2	propose	propose	VERB
cte-838	340	3	using	use	VERB
cte-838	340	4	voluntary	voluntary	ADJ
cte-838	340	5	participation	participation	NOUN
cte-838	340	6	in	in	ADP
cte-838	340	7	discussion	discussion	NOUN
cte-838	340	8	forums	forum	NOUN
cte-838	340	9	as	as	ADP
cte-838	340	10	an	an	DET
cte-838	340	11	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	340	12	indicator	indicator	NOUN
cte-838	340	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	340	14	allowing	allow	VERB
cte-838	340	15	instructors	instructor	NOUN
cte-838	340	16	to	to	PART
cte-838	340	17	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	340	18	monitor	monitor	VERB
cte-838	340	19	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	340	20	re	re	NOUN
cte-838	340	21	-	-	VERB
cte-838	340	22	engage	engage	VERB
cte-838	340	23	those	those	PRON
cte-838	340	24	who	who	PRON
cte-838	340	25	present	present	VERB
cte-838	340	26	low	low	ADJ
cte-838	340	27	or	or	CCONJ
cte-838	340	28	no	no	DET
cte-838	340	29	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	340	30	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	340	31	in	in	ADP
cte-838	340	32	large	large	ADJ
cte-838	340	33	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	340	34	classes	class	NOUN
cte-838	340	35	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	341	1	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	341	2	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	341	3	based	base	VERB
cte-838	341	4	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	341	5	offers	offer	VERB
cte-838	341	6	one	one	NUM
cte-838	341	7	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	341	8	to	to	ADP
cte-838	341	9	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cte-838	341	10	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	341	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	342	1	souza	souza	PROPN
cte-838	342	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	342	3	bittencourt	bittencourt	VERB
cte-838	342	4	[	[	X
cte-838	342	5	55	55	NUM
cte-838	342	6	]	]	SYM
cte-838	342	7	analyzes	analyze	VERB
cte-838	342	8	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	342	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	342	10	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	342	11	with	with	ADP
cte-838	342	12	pbl	pbl	PROPN
cte-838	342	13	in	in	ADP
cte-838	342	14	an	an	DET
cte-838	342	15	introductory	introductory	ADJ
cte-838	342	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	342	17	course	course	NOUN
cte-838	342	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	342	19	finding	find	VERB
cte-838	342	20	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	342	21	the	the	DET
cte-838	342	22	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	342	23	positively	positively	ADV
cte-838	342	24	relates	relate	VERB
cte-838	342	25	to	to	ADP
cte-838	342	26	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	342	27	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	342	28	’	'	PUNCT
cte-838	342	29	attention	attention	NOUN
cte-838	342	30	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	342	31	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	342	32	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	342	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	343	1	however	however	ADV
cte-838	343	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	343	3	they	they	PRON
cte-838	343	4	caution	caution	VERB
cte-838	343	5	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	343	6	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	343	7	careful	careful	ADJ
cte-838	343	8	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	343	9	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	343	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	343	11	planning	planning	NOUN
cte-838	343	12	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	343	13	is	be	AUX
cte-838	343	14	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cte-838	343	15	to	to	PART
cte-838	343	16	achieve	achieve	VERB
cte-838	343	17	positive	positive	ADJ
cte-838	343	18	motivational	motivational	ADJ
cte-838	343	19	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cte-838	343	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	344	1	pereira	pereira	PROPN
cte-838	344	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	344	3	seabra	seabra	VERB
cte-838	344	4	[	[	X
cte-838	344	5	46	46	NUM
cte-838	344	6	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	344	7	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	344	8	an	an	DET
cte-838	344	9	open	open	ADJ
cte-838	344	10	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	344	11	resource	resource	NOUN
cte-838	344	12	for	for	ADP
cte-838	344	13	studying	study	VERB
cte-838	344	14	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
cte-838	344	15	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	344	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	344	17	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	344	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	344	19	finding	find	VERB
cte-838	344	20	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	344	21	the	the	DET
cte-838	344	22	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	344	23	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	344	24	was	be	AUX
cte-838	344	25	very	very	ADV
cte-838	344	26	well	well	ADV
cte-838	344	27	accepted	accept	VERB
cte-838	344	28	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	344	29	being	be	AUX
cte-838	344	30	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	344	31	in	in	ADP
cte-838	344	32	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
cte-838	344	33	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	344	34	assisting	assist	VERB
cte-838	344	35	participants	participant	NOUN
cte-838	344	36	in	in	ADP
cte-838	344	37	their	their	PRON
cte-838	344	38	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	344	39	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	344	40	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	344	41	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	344	42	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	344	43	interest	interest	NOUN
cte-838	344	44	in	in	ADP
cte-838	344	45	classes	class	NOUN
cte-838	344	46	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	344	47	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	345	1	their	their	PRON
cte-838	345	2	findings	finding	NOUN
cte-838	345	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
cte-838	345	4	that	that	SCONJ
cte-838	345	5	tailored	tailor	VERB
cte-838	345	6	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	345	7	resources	resource	NOUN
cte-838	345	8	can	can	AUX
cte-838	345	9	significantly	significantly	ADV
cte-838	345	10	enhance	enhance	VERB
cte-838	345	11	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	345	12	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	345	13	in	in	ADP
cte-838	345	14	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	345	15	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	345	16	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	345	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	346	1	413	413	NUM
cte-838	346	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	346	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	346	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	346	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	346	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	346	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	346	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	346	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	346	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	346	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	346	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	346	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	346	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	347	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	347	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	347	3	the	the	DET
cte-838	347	4	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	347	5	in	in	ADP
cte-838	347	6	figure	figure	NOUN
cte-838	347	7	7	7	NUM
cte-838	347	8	highlights	highlight	NOUN
cte-838	347	9	key	key	ADJ
cte-838	347	10	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cte-838	347	11	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	347	12	that	that	PRON
cte-838	347	13	represent	represent	VERB
cte-838	347	14	significant	significant	ADJ
cte-838	347	15	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	347	16	leaps	leap	NOUN
cte-838	347	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	347	18	as	as	ADV
cte-838	347	19	well	well	ADV
cte-838	347	20	as	as	ADP
cte-838	347	21	common	common	ADJ
cte-838	347	22	sticking	sticking	NOUN
cte-838	347	23	points	point	NOUN
cte-838	347	24	where	where	SCONJ
cte-838	347	25	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	347	26	often	often	ADV
cte-838	347	27	struggle	struggle	VERB
cte-838	347	28	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	348	1	understanding	understand	VERB
cte-838	348	2	this	this	DET
cte-838	348	3	progression	progression	NOUN
cte-838	348	4	can	can	AUX
cte-838	348	5	help	help	VERB
cte-838	348	6	educators	educator	NOUN
cte-838	348	7	design	design	VERB
cte-838	348	8	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
cte-838	348	9	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	348	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	348	11	interventions	intervention	NOUN
cte-838	348	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	349	1	novice	novice	NOUN
cte-838	349	2	beginner	beginner	NOUN
cte-838	349	3	competent	competent	ADJ
cte-838	349	4	proficient	proficient	ADJ
cte-838	349	5	basic	basic	ADJ
cte-838	349	6	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	349	7	&	&	CCONJ
cte-838	349	8	facts	fact	VERB
cte-838	349	9	simple	simple	ADJ
cte-838	349	10	rules	rule	NOUN
cte-838	349	11	recursive	recursive	ADJ
cte-838	349	12	rules	rule	NOUN
cte-838	349	13	backtracking	backtrack	VERB
cte-838	349	14	complex	complex	ADJ
cte-838	349	15	queries	query	NOUN
cte-838	349	16	cuts	cut	NOUN
cte-838	349	17	&	&	CCONJ
cte-838	349	18	negation	negation	NOUN
cte-838	349	19	metaprogramming	metaprogramme	VERB
cte-838	349	20	advanced	advance	VERB
cte-838	349	21	paradigms	paradigm	VERB
cte-838	349	22	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cte-838	349	23	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	349	24	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	349	25	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	349	26	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cte-838	349	27	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	349	28	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	349	29	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	349	30	threshold	threshold	PROPN
cte-838	349	31	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	349	32	nondeterminism	nondeterminism	NOUN
cte-838	349	33	common	common	ADJ
cte-838	349	34	sticking	sticking	NOUN
cte-838	349	35	point	point	VERB
cte-838	349	36	common	common	ADJ
cte-838	349	37	sticking	sticking	NOUN
cte-838	349	38	point	point	NOUN
cte-838	349	39	common	common	ADJ
cte-838	349	40	sticking	sticking	NOUN
cte-838	349	41	point	point	NOUN
cte-838	349	42	figure	figure	NOUN
cte-838	349	43	7	7	NUM
cte-838	349	44	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	349	45	typical	typical	ADJ
cte-838	349	46	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	349	47	progression	progression	NOUN
cte-838	349	48	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	349	49	in	in	ADP
cte-838	349	50	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	349	51	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	349	52	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	349	53	from	from	ADP
cte-838	349	54	novice	novice	NOUN
cte-838	349	55	to	to	ADP
cte-838	349	56	proficient	proficient	ADJ
cte-838	349	57	programmer	programmer	NOUN
cte-838	349	58	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	350	1	6	6	NUM
cte-838	350	2	.	.	X
cte-838	350	3	emerging	emerge	VERB
cte-838	350	4	trends	trend	NOUN
cte-838	350	5	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	350	6	innovations	innovation	NOUN
cte-838	350	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	350	8	field	field	NOUN
cte-838	350	9	of	of	ADP
cte-838	350	10	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	350	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	350	12	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	350	13	continues	continue	VERB
cte-838	350	14	to	to	PART
cte-838	350	15	evolve	evolve	VERB
cte-838	350	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	350	17	with	with	ADP
cte-838	350	18	several	several	ADJ
cte-838	350	19	emerging	emerge	VERB
cte-838	350	20	trends	trend	NOUN
cte-838	350	21	showing	show	VERB
cte-838	350	22	particular	particular	ADJ
cte-838	350	23	promise	promise	NOUN
cte-838	350	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	351	1	6.1	6.1	NUM
cte-838	351	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	351	3	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	351	4	with	with	ADP
cte-838	351	5	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	351	6	paradigms	paradigms	ADJ
cte-838	351	7	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	351	8	of	of	ADP
cte-838	351	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	351	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	351	11	with	with	ADP
cte-838	351	12	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	351	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	351	14	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	351	15	represents	represent	VERB
cte-838	351	16	a	a	DET
cte-838	351	17	significant	significant	ADJ
cte-838	351	18	trend	trend	NOUN
cte-838	351	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	351	20	offering	offer	VERB
cte-838	351	21	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	351	22	a	a	DET
cte-838	351	23	more	more	ADV
cte-838	351	24	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cte-838	351	25	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	351	26	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cte-838	351	27	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	352	1	multi	multi	ADJ
cte-838	352	2	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	352	3	paradigm	paradigm	ADJ
cte-838	352	4	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	352	5	like	like	ADP
cte-838	352	6	curry	curry	NOUN
cte-838	352	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	352	8	described	describe	VERB
cte-838	352	9	by	by	ADP
cte-838	352	10	hanus	hanus	NOUN
cte-838	353	1	[	[	X
cte-838	353	2	23	23	NUM
cte-838	353	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	353	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	353	5	combine	combine	VERB
cte-838	353	6	functional	functional	ADJ
cte-838	353	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	353	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	353	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	353	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	353	11	enabling	enable	VERB
cte-838	353	12	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	353	13	to	to	PART
cte-838	353	14	explore	explore	VERB
cte-838	353	15	the	the	DET
cte-838	353	16	strengths	strength	NOUN
cte-838	353	17	of	of	ADP
cte-838	353	18	both	both	DET
cte-838	353	19	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	353	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	354	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	354	2	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	354	3	provides	provide	VERB
cte-838	354	4	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	354	5	a	a	DET
cte-838	354	6	common	common	ADJ
cte-838	354	7	platform	platform	NOUN
cte-838	354	8	for	for	ADP
cte-838	354	9	the	the	DET
cte-838	354	10	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	354	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	354	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	354	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	354	14	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	354	15	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	354	16	of	of	ADP
cte-838	354	17	integrated	integrated	ADJ
cte-838	354	18	functional	functional	ADJ
cte-838	354	19	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	354	20	languages	language	NOUN
cte-838	354	21	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	354	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	355	1	cross	cross	ADJ
cte-838	355	2	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	355	3	paradigm	paradigm	ADJ
cte-838	355	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	355	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	355	6	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	355	7	explored	explore	VERB
cte-838	355	8	by	by	ADP
cte-838	355	9	ragonis	ragonis	NOUN
cte-838	355	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	355	11	haberman	haberman	NOUN
cte-838	356	1	[	[	X
cte-838	356	2	48	48	NUM
cte-838	356	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	356	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	356	5	helps	help	VERB
cte-838	356	6	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	356	7	understand	understand	VERB
cte-838	356	8	the	the	DET
cte-838	356	9	relationships	relationship	NOUN
cte-838	356	10	between	between	ADP
cte-838	356	11	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	356	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	356	13	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	356	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	357	1	by	by	ADP
cte-838	357	2	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
cte-838	357	3	comparing	compare	VERB
cte-838	357	4	object	object	NOUN
cte-838	357	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	357	6	oriented	orient	VERB
cte-838	357	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	357	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	357	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	357	10	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	357	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	357	12	educators	educator	NOUN
cte-838	357	13	can	can	AUX
cte-838	357	14	help	help	VERB
cte-838	357	15	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	357	16	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	357	17	more	more	ADV
cte-838	357	18	flexible	flexible	ADJ
cte-838	357	19	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	357	20	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	357	21	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	357	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	358	1	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	358	2	frameworks	framework	NOUN
cte-838	358	3	that	that	PRON
cte-838	358	4	integrate	integrate	VERB
cte-838	358	5	multiple	multiple	ADJ
cte-838	358	6	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	358	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	358	8	such	such	ADJ
cte-838	358	9	as	as	ADP
cte-838	358	10	the	the	DET
cte-838	358	11	ontology	ontology	NOUN
cte-838	358	12	presented	present	VERB
cte-838	358	13	by	by	ADP
cte-838	358	14	oprea	oprea	PROPN
cte-838	359	1	[	[	X
cte-838	359	2	43	43	NUM
cte-838	359	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	359	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	359	5	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	359	6	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
cte-838	359	7	structures	structure	NOUN
cte-838	359	8	that	that	PRON
cte-838	359	9	support	support	VERB
cte-838	359	10	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	359	11	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	359	12	of	of	ADP
cte-838	359	13	the	the	DET
cte-838	359	14	relationships	relationship	NOUN
cte-838	359	15	between	between	ADP
cte-838	359	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	359	17	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	359	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	360	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	360	2	frameworks	framework	NOUN
cte-838	360	3	help	help	VERB
cte-838	360	4	learners	learner	NOUN
cte-838	360	5	navigate	navigate	VERB
cte-838	360	6	the	the	DET
cte-838	360	7	complex	complex	ADJ
cte-838	360	8	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cte-838	360	9	of	of	ADP
cte-838	360	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	360	11	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	360	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	361	1	6.2	6.2	NUM
cte-838	361	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	361	3	domain	domain	NOUN
cte-838	361	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	361	5	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	361	6	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	361	7	domain	domain	NOUN
cte-838	361	8	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	361	9	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	361	10	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	361	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	361	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	361	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	361	14	enhance	enhance	NOUN
cte-838	361	15	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	361	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	361	17	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	361	18	authentic	authentic	ADJ
cte-838	361	19	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	361	20	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	361	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	362	1	zhang	zhang	PROPN
cte-838	362	2	et	et	PROPN
cte-838	362	3	al	al	PROPN
cte-838	362	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	363	1	[	[	X
cte-838	363	2	65	65	NUM
cte-838	363	3	]	]	X
cte-838	363	4	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	363	5	integrating	integrate	VERB
cte-838	363	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	363	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	363	8	with	with	ADP
cte-838	363	9	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	363	10	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	363	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	363	12	developing	develop	VERB
cte-838	363	13	modules	module	NOUN
cte-838	363	14	for	for	ADP
cte-838	363	15	chemistry	chemistry	NOUN
cte-838	363	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	363	17	physics	physics	NOUN
cte-838	363	18	implemented	implement	VERB
cte-838	363	19	for	for	ADP
cte-838	363	20	middle	middle	ADJ
cte-838	363	21	school	school	NOUN
cte-838	363	22	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	363	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	364	1	414	414	NUM
cte-838	364	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	364	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	364	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	364	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	364	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	364	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	364	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	364	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	364	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	364	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	364	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	364	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	364	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	365	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	365	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	365	3	this	this	DET
cte-838	365	4	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	365	5	connects	connect	VERB
cte-838	365	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	365	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	365	8	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	365	9	with	with	ADP
cte-838	365	10	existing	exist	VERB
cte-838	365	11	curricular	curricular	ADJ
cte-838	365	12	content	content	NOUN
cte-838	365	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	365	14	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cte-838	365	15	perceived	perceive	VERB
cte-838	365	16	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	365	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	366	1	general	general	ADJ
cte-838	366	2	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	366	3	playing	playing	NOUN
cte-838	366	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	366	5	advocated	advocate	VERB
cte-838	366	6	by	by	ADP
cte-838	366	7	genesereth	genesereth	NOUN
cte-838	366	8	[	[	X
cte-838	366	9	20	20	NUM
cte-838	366	10	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	366	11	as	as	ADP
cte-838	366	12	a	a	DET
cte-838	366	13	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	366	14	killer	killer	NOUN
cte-838	366	15	app	app	NOUN
cte-838	366	16	for	for	ADP
cte-838	366	17	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	366	18	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	366	19	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	366	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	366	21	provides	provide	VERB
cte-838	366	22	an	an	DET
cte-838	366	23	engaging	engaging	ADJ
cte-838	366	24	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	366	25	domain	domain	NOUN
cte-838	366	26	for	for	ADP
cte-838	366	27	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	366	28	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	366	29	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	366	30	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	366	31	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	367	1	by	by	ADP
cte-838	367	2	exploring	explore	VERB
cte-838	367	3	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	367	4	description	description	NOUN
cte-838	367	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	367	6	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	367	7	playing	playing	NOUN
cte-838	367	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	367	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	367	10	metagaming	metagaming	NOUN
cte-838	367	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	367	12	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	367	13	can	can	AUX
cte-838	367	14	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	367	15	both	both	DET
cte-838	367	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	367	17	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	367	18	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	367	19	strategic	strategic	ADJ
cte-838	367	20	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	367	21	abilities	ability	NOUN
cte-838	367	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	368	1	del	del	PROPN
cte-838	368	2	vado	vado	PROPN
cte-838	368	3	vírseda	vírseda	NOUN
cte-838	368	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	368	5	morente	morente	NOUN
cte-838	369	1	[	[	X
cte-838	369	2	12	12	NUM
cte-838	369	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	369	4	presents	present	VERB
cte-838	369	5	an	an	DET
cte-838	369	6	innovative	innovative	ADJ
cte-838	369	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	369	8	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	369	9	based	base	VERB
cte-838	369	10	on	on	ADP
cte-838	369	11	semantic	semantic	ADJ
cte-838	369	12	tableaux	tableau	NOUN
cte-838	369	13	for	for	ADP
cte-838	369	14	verification	verification	NOUN
cte-838	369	15	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	369	16	debugging	debugging	NOUN
cte-838	369	17	of	of	ADP
cte-838	369	18	imperative	imperative	ADJ
cte-838	369	19	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	369	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	370	1	this	this	DET
cte-838	370	2	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	370	3	connects	connect	VERB
cte-838	370	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	370	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	370	6	with	with	ADP
cte-838	370	7	software	software	NOUN
cte-838	370	8	engineering	engineering	NOUN
cte-838	370	9	practices	practice	NOUN
cte-838	370	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	370	11	helping	help	VERB
cte-838	370	12	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	370	13	appreciate	appreciate	VERB
cte-838	370	14	the	the	DET
cte-838	370	15	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	370	16	utility	utility	NOUN
cte-838	370	17	of	of	ADP
cte-838	370	18	formal	formal	ADJ
cte-838	370	19	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	370	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	371	1	6.3	6.3	NUM
cte-838	371	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	372	1	new	new	ADJ
cte-838	372	2	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	372	3	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	372	4	platforms	platform	VERB
cte-838	372	5	innovative	innovative	ADJ
cte-838	372	6	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	372	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	372	8	platforms	platform	NOUN
cte-838	372	9	continue	continue	VERB
cte-838	372	10	to	to	PART
cte-838	372	11	enhance	enhance	VERB
cte-838	372	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	372	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	372	14	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	372	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	373	1	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	373	2	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	373	3	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	373	4	like	like	ADP
cte-838	373	5	onlinesparc	onlinesparc	NOUN
cte-838	373	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	373	7	presented	present	VERB
cte-838	373	8	by	by	ADP
cte-838	373	9	marcopoulos	marcopoulos	PROPN
cte-838	373	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	373	11	zhang	zhang	PROPN
cte-838	374	1	[	[	X
cte-838	374	2	39	39	NUM
cte-838	374	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	374	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	374	5	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	374	6	accessible	accessible	ADJ
cte-838	374	7	platforms	platform	NOUN
cte-838	374	8	for	for	ADP
cte-838	374	9	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	374	10	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	374	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	374	12	without	without	ADP
cte-838	374	13	the	the	DET
cte-838	374	14	complexity	complexity	NOUN
cte-838	374	15	of	of	ADP
cte-838	374	16	software	software	NOUN
cte-838	374	17	installation	installation	NOUN
cte-838	374	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	375	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	375	2	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	375	3	enable	enable	VERB
cte-838	375	4	“	"	PUNCT
cte-838	375	5	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	375	6	it	it	PRON
cte-838	375	7	to	to	ADP
cte-838	375	8	general	general	ADJ
cte-838	375	9	undergraduate	undergraduate	NOUN
cte-838	375	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	375	11	even	even	ADV
cte-838	375	12	middle	middle	ADJ
cte-838	375	13	/	/	SYM
cte-838	375	14	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	375	15	school	school	NOUN
cte-838	375	16	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	375	17	”	"	PUNCT
cte-838	375	18	by	by	ADP
cte-838	375	19	removing	remove	VERB
cte-838	375	20	technical	technical	ADJ
cte-838	375	21	barriers	barrier	NOUN
cte-838	375	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	376	1	specialized	specialized	ADJ
cte-838	376	2	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	376	3	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	376	4	like	like	ADP
cte-838	376	5	aspect	aspect	NOUN
cte-838	376	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	376	7	developed	develop	VERB
cte-838	376	8	by	by	ADP
cte-838	376	9	bertagnon	bertagnon	NOUN
cte-838	376	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	376	11	gavanelli	gavanelli	NOUN
cte-838	377	1	[	[	X
cte-838	377	2	7	7	NUM
cte-838	377	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	377	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	377	5	help	help	VERB
cte-838	377	6	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	377	7	interpret	interpret	VERB
cte-838	377	8	complex	complex	ADJ
cte-838	377	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	377	10	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	377	11	outputs	output	NOUN
cte-838	377	12	through	through	ADP
cte-838	377	13	graphical	graphical	ADJ
cte-838	377	14	representations	representation	NOUN
cte-838	377	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	378	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	378	2	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	378	3	address	address	VERB
cte-838	378	4	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	378	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	378	6	related	relate	VERB
cte-838	378	7	to	to	ADP
cte-838	378	8	understanding	understand	VERB
cte-838	378	9	the	the	DET
cte-838	378	10	results	result	NOUN
cte-838	378	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	378	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	378	13	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	378	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	379	1	automated	automate	VERB
cte-838	379	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	379	3	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	379	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	379	5	such	such	ADJ
cte-838	379	6	as	as	ADP
cte-838	379	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	379	8	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	379	9	described	describe	VERB
cte-838	379	10	by	by	ADP
cte-838	379	11	rajesh	rajesh	PROPN
cte-838	379	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	379	13	rao	rao	NOUN
cte-838	379	14	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	379	15	thushara	thushara	NOUN
cte-838	379	16	[	[	X
cte-838	379	17	49	49	NUM
cte-838	379	18	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	379	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	379	20	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	379	21	immediate	immediate	ADJ
cte-838	379	22	feedback	feedback	NOUN
cte-838	379	23	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	379	24	support	support	VERB
cte-838	379	25	self	self	NOUN
cte-838	379	26	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	379	27	directed	direct	VERB
cte-838	379	28	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	379	29	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	380	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	380	2	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	380	3	are	be	AUX
cte-838	380	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	380	5	valuable	valuable	ADJ
cte-838	380	6	in	in	ADP
cte-838	380	7	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	380	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	380	9	blended	blended	ADJ
cte-838	380	10	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	380	11	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	380	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	380	13	where	where	SCONJ
cte-838	380	14	instructor	instructor	NOUN
cte-838	380	15	availability	availability	NOUN
cte-838	380	16	may	may	AUX
cte-838	380	17	be	be	AUX
cte-838	380	18	limited	limit	VERB
cte-838	380	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	381	1	6.4	6.4	NUM
cte-838	381	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	381	3	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	381	4	innovations	innovation	NOUN
cte-838	381	5	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	381	6	innovations	innovation	NOUN
cte-838	381	7	address	address	VERB
cte-838	381	8	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	381	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	381	10	in	in	ADP
cte-838	381	11	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	381	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	381	13	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	381	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	382	1	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	382	2	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	382	3	based	base	VERB
cte-838	382	4	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	382	5	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	382	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	382	7	implemented	implement	VERB
cte-838	382	8	through	through	ADP
cte-838	382	9	structured	structured	ADJ
cte-838	382	10	frameworks	framework	NOUN
cte-838	382	11	like	like	ADP
cte-838	382	12	those	those	PRON
cte-838	382	13	described	describe	VERB
cte-838	382	14	by	by	ADP
cte-838	382	15	tiantong	tiantong	NOUN
cte-838	382	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	382	17	teemuangsai	teemuangsai	VERB
cte-838	383	1	[	[	X
cte-838	383	2	57	57	NUM
cte-838	383	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	383	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	383	5	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	383	6	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	383	7	that	that	PRON
cte-838	383	8	supports	support	VERB
cte-838	383	9	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	383	10	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	383	11	they	they	PRON
cte-838	383	12	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	383	13	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	383	14	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	383	15	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	383	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	384	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	384	2	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	384	3	help	help	VERB
cte-838	384	4	manage	manage	VERB
cte-838	384	5	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	384	6	load	load	NOUN
cte-838	384	7	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	384	8	promoting	promote	VERB
cte-838	384	9	active	active	ADJ
cte-838	384	10	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	384	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	385	1	gamification	gamification	NOUN
cte-838	385	2	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	385	3	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	385	4	such	such	ADJ
cte-838	385	5	as	as	ADP
cte-838	385	6	those	those	PRON
cte-838	385	7	explored	explore	VERB
cte-838	385	8	by	by	ADP
cte-838	385	9	rodríguez	rodríguez	NOUN
cte-838	385	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	385	11	cecchi	cecchi	NOUN
cte-838	385	12	[	[	X
cte-838	385	13	50	50	NUM
cte-838	385	14	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	385	15	through	through	ADP
cte-838	385	16	the	the	DET
cte-838	385	17	metagame	metagame	NOUN
cte-838	385	18	methodology	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	385	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	385	20	enhance	enhance	NOUN
cte-838	385	21	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	385	22	by	by	ADP
cte-838	385	23	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
cte-838	385	24	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	385	25	elements	element	NOUN
cte-838	385	26	into	into	ADP
cte-838	385	27	the	the	DET
cte-838	385	28	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	385	29	process	process	NOUN
cte-838	385	30	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	386	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	386	2	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	386	3	are	be	AUX
cte-838	386	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
cte-838	386	5	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	386	6	for	for	ADP
cte-838	386	7	introducing	introduce	VERB
cte-838	386	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	386	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	386	10	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	386	11	to	to	ADP
cte-838	386	12	younger	young	ADJ
cte-838	386	13	learners	learner	NOUN
cte-838	386	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	387	1	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
cte-838	387	2	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	387	3	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	387	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	387	5	exemplified	exemplify	VERB
cte-838	387	6	by	by	ADP
cte-838	387	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	387	8	user	user	NOUN
cte-838	387	9	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	387	10	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
cte-838	387	11	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
cte-838	387	12	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	387	13	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	387	14	studied	study	VERB
cte-838	387	15	by	by	ADP
cte-838	387	16	loboda	loboda	NOUN
cte-838	387	17	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	387	18	brusilovsky	brusilovsky	ADJ
cte-838	387	19	[	[	X
cte-838	387	20	36	36	NUM
cte-838	387	21	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	387	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	387	23	personalize	personalize	VERB
cte-838	387	24	the	the	DET
cte-838	387	25	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	387	26	experience	experience	NOUN
cte-838	387	27	based	base	VERB
cte-838	387	28	on	on	ADP
cte-838	387	29	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	387	30	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	387	31	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	387	32	preferences	preference	NOUN
cte-838	387	33	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	388	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	388	2	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	388	3	hold	hold	VERB
cte-838	388	4	particular	particular	ADJ
cte-838	388	5	promise	promise	NOUN
cte-838	388	6	for	for	ADP
cte-838	388	7	addressing	address	VERB
cte-838	388	8	the	the	DET
cte-838	388	9	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cte-838	388	10	needs	need	NOUN
cte-838	388	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	388	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	388	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	388	14	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	388	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	389	1	7	7	X
cte-838	389	2	.	.	X
cte-838	389	3	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
cte-838	389	4	for	for	ADP
cte-838	389	5	practice	practice	NOUN
cte-838	389	6	based	base	VERB
cte-838	389	7	on	on	ADP
cte-838	389	8	the	the	DET
cte-838	389	9	literature	literature	PROPN
cte-838	389	10	review	review	NOUN
cte-838	389	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	389	12	several	several	ADJ
cte-838	389	13	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cte-838	389	14	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	389	15	based	base	VERB
cte-838	389	16	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
cte-838	389	17	emerge	emerge	VERB
cte-838	389	18	for	for	ADP
cte-838	389	19	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	389	20	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	389	21	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	389	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	390	1	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	390	2	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	390	3	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	390	4	should	should	AUX
cte-838	390	5	position	position	VERB
cte-838	390	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	390	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	390	8	within	within	ADP
cte-838	390	9	broader	broad	ADJ
cte-838	390	10	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	390	11	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	390	12	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	390	13	•	•	NUM
cte-838	390	14	connect	connect	VERB
cte-838	390	15	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	390	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	390	17	with	with	ADP
cte-838	390	18	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cte-838	390	19	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	390	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	390	21	formal	formal	ADJ
cte-838	390	22	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	390	23	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	390	24	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	390	25	database	database	NOUN
cte-838	390	26	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	390	27	to	to	PART
cte-838	390	28	enhance	enhance	VERB
cte-838	390	29	perceived	perceive	VERB
cte-838	390	30	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	390	31	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	390	32	promote	promote	VERB
cte-838	390	33	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	390	34	transfer	transfer	NOUN
cte-838	390	35	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	390	36	•	•	NUM
cte-838	390	37	introduce	introduce	VERB
cte-838	390	38	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	390	39	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	390	40	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	390	41	progressively	progressively	ADV
cte-838	390	42	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	390	43	revisiting	revisit	VERB
cte-838	390	44	core	core	NOUN
cte-838	390	45	ideas	idea	NOUN
cte-838	390	46	with	with	ADP
cte-838	390	47	increasing	increase	VERB
cte-838	390	48	sophistication	sophistication	NOUN
cte-838	390	49	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	390	50	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	390	51	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	390	52	expertise	expertise	NOUN
cte-838	390	53	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	390	54	415	415	NUM
cte-838	390	55	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	390	56	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	390	57	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	390	58	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	390	59	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	390	60	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	390	61	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	390	62	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	390	63	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	390	64	12	12	NUM
cte-838	390	65	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	390	66	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	390	67	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	391	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	391	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	391	3	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	391	4	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	391	5	problembased	problembase	VERB
cte-838	391	6	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	391	7	integrated	integrate	VERB
cte-838	391	8	curricula	curricula	NOUN
cte-838	391	9	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	391	10	resources	resource	NOUN
cte-838	391	11	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	391	12	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	391	13	barriers	barrier	NOUN
cte-838	391	14	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	391	15	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	16	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	391	17	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	18	medium	medium	NOUN
cte-838	391	19	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	20	medium	medium	NOUN
cte-838	391	21	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	22	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	391	23	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	391	24	understanding	understand	VERB
cte-838	391	25	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	391	26	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	27	medium	medium	NOUN
cte-838	391	28	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	29	low	low	ADJ
cte-838	391	30	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	31	medium	medium	NOUN
cte-838	391	32	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	33	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	391	34	time	time	NOUN
cte-838	391	35	constraints	constraint	VERB
cte-838	391	36	medium	medium	ADJ
cte-838	391	37	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	38	low	low	ADJ
cte-838	391	39	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	40	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	391	41	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	42	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	391	43	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	44	faculty	faculty	NOUN
cte-838	391	45	expertise	expertise	NOUN
cte-838	391	46	limitations	limitation	VERB
cte-838	391	47	low	low	ADJ
cte-838	391	48	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	49	medium	medium	NOUN
cte-838	391	50	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	51	low	low	ADJ
cte-838	391	52	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	53	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	391	54	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	55	perceived	perceive	VERB
cte-838	391	56	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	391	57	issues	issue	VERB
cte-838	391	58	medium	medium	ADJ
cte-838	391	59	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	60	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	391	61	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	62	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	391	63	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	64	medium	medium	NOUN
cte-838	391	65	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	66	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	391	67	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	391	68	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	391	69	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	70	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	391	71	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	72	medium	medium	NOUN
cte-838	391	73	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	74	medium	medium	NOUN
cte-838	391	75	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	391	76	figure	figure	NOUN
cte-838	391	77	8	8	NUM
cte-838	391	78	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	391	79	matrix	matrix	NOUN
cte-838	391	80	mapping	mapping	NOUN
cte-838	391	81	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	391	82	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	391	83	in	in	ADP
cte-838	391	84	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	391	85	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	391	86	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	391	87	to	to	ADP
cte-838	391	88	solution	solution	NOUN
cte-838	391	89	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	391	90	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	392	1	color	color	NOUN
cte-838	392	2	coding	coding	NOUN
cte-838	392	3	indicates	indicate	VERB
cte-838	392	4	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	392	5	based	base	VERB
cte-838	392	6	on	on	ADP
cte-838	392	7	empirical	empirical	ADJ
cte-838	392	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cte-838	392	9	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	392	10	green	green	ADJ
cte-838	392	11	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	392	12	high	high	ADJ
cte-838	392	13	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	392	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	392	15	yellow	yellow	ADJ
cte-838	392	16	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	392	17	medium	medium	NOUN
cte-838	392	18	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	392	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	392	20	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	392	21	red	red	ADJ
cte-838	392	22	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	392	23	low	low	ADJ
cte-838	392	24	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	392	25	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	393	1	•	•	NUM
cte-838	393	2	combine	combine	VERB
cte-838	393	3	focused	focused	ADJ
cte-838	393	4	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	393	5	on	on	ADP
cte-838	393	6	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	393	7	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	393	8	with	with	ADP
cte-838	393	9	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	393	10	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	393	11	solving	solve	VERB
cte-838	393	12	activities	activity	NOUN
cte-838	393	13	that	that	PRON
cte-838	393	14	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	393	15	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	393	16	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	393	17	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	393	18	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	393	19	•	•	NUM
cte-838	393	20	expose	expose	VERB
cte-838	393	21	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	393	22	to	to	ADP
cte-838	393	23	multiple	multiple	ADJ
cte-838	393	24	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	393	25	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	393	26	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	393	27	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	393	28	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	393	29	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	393	30	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	393	31	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	393	32	datalog	datalog	PROPN
cte-838	393	33	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	393	34	clp	clp	PROPN
cte-838	393	35	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	393	36	to	to	PART
cte-838	393	37	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	393	38	a	a	DET
cte-838	393	39	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cte-838	393	40	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	393	41	of	of	ADP
cte-838	393	42	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	393	43	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	393	44	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	394	1	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	394	2	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	394	3	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	394	4	address	address	NOUN
cte-838	394	5	cognitive	cognitive	NOUN
cte-838	394	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	394	7	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	394	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	394	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	394	10	motivational	motivational	ADJ
cte-838	394	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	394	12	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	394	13	•	•	NUM
cte-838	394	14	use	use	VERB
cte-838	394	15	graphical	graphical	ADJ
cte-838	394	16	representations	representation	NOUN
cte-838	394	17	of	of	ADP
cte-838	394	18	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	394	19	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	394	20	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	394	21	results	result	NOUN
cte-838	394	22	to	to	PART
cte-838	394	23	enhance	enhance	VERB
cte-838	394	24	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	394	25	of	of	ADP
cte-838	394	26	abstract	abstract	ADJ
cte-838	394	27	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	394	28	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	394	29	•	•	NUM
cte-838	394	30	situate	situate	VERB
cte-838	394	31	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	394	32	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	394	33	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	394	34	within	within	ADP
cte-838	394	35	authentic	authentic	ADJ
cte-838	394	36	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	394	37	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	394	38	that	that	PRON
cte-838	394	39	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	394	40	practical	practical	ADJ
cte-838	394	41	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	394	42	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	394	43	•	•	NUM
cte-838	394	44	offer	offer	NOUN
cte-838	394	45	structured	structure	VERB
cte-838	394	46	support	support	NOUN
cte-838	394	47	that	that	PRON
cte-838	394	48	gradually	gradually	ADV
cte-838	394	49	fades	fade	VERB
cte-838	394	50	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	394	51	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	394	52	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	394	53	confidence	confidence	NOUN
cte-838	394	54	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	394	55	competence	competence	NOUN
cte-838	394	56	in	in	ADP
cte-838	394	57	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	394	58	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	394	59	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	394	60	•	•	NUM
cte-838	394	61	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	394	62	group	group	NOUN
cte-838	394	63	activities	activity	NOUN
cte-838	394	64	that	that	PRON
cte-838	394	65	promote	promote	VERB
cte-838	394	66	peer	peer	NOUN
cte-838	394	67	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	394	68	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	394	69	collective	collective	ADJ
cte-838	394	70	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	394	71	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	394	72	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	394	73	using	use	VERB
cte-838	394	74	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	394	75	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	394	76	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	394	77	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	395	1	416	416	NUM
cte-838	395	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	395	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	395	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	395	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	395	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	395	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	395	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	395	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	395	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	395	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	395	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	395	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	395	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	396	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	396	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	396	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	396	4	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	396	5	should	should	AUX
cte-838	396	6	align	align	VERB
cte-838	396	7	with	with	ADP
cte-838	396	8	the	the	DET
cte-838	396	9	unique	unique	ADJ
cte-838	396	10	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
cte-838	396	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	396	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	396	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	396	14	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	396	15	•	•	NUM
cte-838	396	16	assess	assess	VERB
cte-838	396	17	both	both	CCONJ
cte-838	396	18	the	the	DET
cte-838	396	19	quality	quality	NOUN
cte-838	396	20	of	of	ADP
cte-838	396	21	final	final	ADJ
cte-838	396	22	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	396	23	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	396	24	the	the	DET
cte-838	396	25	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	396	26	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	396	27	solving	solve	VERB
cte-838	396	28	processes	process	NOUN
cte-838	396	29	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	396	30	employ	employ	VERB
cte-838	396	31	during	during	ADP
cte-838	396	32	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	396	33	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	396	34	•	•	NUM
cte-838	396	35	use	use	VERB
cte-838	396	36	automated	automate	VERB
cte-838	396	37	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	396	38	to	to	PART
cte-838	396	39	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	396	40	immediate	immediate	ADJ
cte-838	396	41	feedback	feedback	NOUN
cte-838	396	42	on	on	ADP
cte-838	396	43	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	396	44	errors	error	NOUN
cte-838	396	45	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	396	46	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	396	47	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
cte-838	396	48	in	in	ADP
cte-838	396	49	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	396	50	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	396	51	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	396	52	•	•	NUM
cte-838	396	53	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	396	54	assessments	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	396	55	that	that	PRON
cte-838	396	56	reflect	reflect	VERB
cte-838	396	57	real	real	ADJ
cte-838	396	58	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	396	59	world	world	NOUN
cte-838	396	60	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	396	61	of	of	ADP
cte-838	396	62	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	396	63	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	396	64	in	in	ADP
cte-838	396	65	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	396	66	such	such	ADJ
cte-838	396	67	as	as	ADP
cte-838	396	68	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cte-838	396	69	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	396	70	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	396	71	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	396	72	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	396	73	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	396	74	•	•	NUM
cte-838	396	75	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	396	76	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
cte-838	396	77	feedback	feedback	NOUN
cte-838	396	78	throughout	throughout	ADP
cte-838	396	79	the	the	DET
cte-838	396	80	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	396	81	process	process	NOUN
cte-838	396	82	to	to	PART
cte-838	396	83	identify	identify	VERB
cte-838	396	84	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	396	85	address	address	VERB
cte-838	396	86	misconceptions	misconception	NOUN
cte-838	396	87	early	early	ADV
cte-838	396	88	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	397	1	strategic	strategic	ADJ
cte-838	397	2	technology	technology	NOUN
cte-838	397	3	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	397	4	enhances	enhance	VERB
cte-838	397	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	397	6	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	397	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	397	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	397	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	397	10	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	397	11	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	397	12	•	•	NOUN
cte-838	397	13	choose	choose	VERB
cte-838	397	14	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	397	15	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	397	16	with	with	ADP
cte-838	397	17	features	feature	NOUN
cte-838	397	18	that	that	PRON
cte-838	397	19	support	support	VERB
cte-838	397	20	novice	novice	NOUN
cte-838	397	21	learners	learner	NOUN
cte-838	397	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	397	23	such	such	ADJ
cte-838	397	24	as	as	ADP
cte-838	397	25	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	397	26	highlighting	highlighting	NOUN
cte-838	397	27	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	397	28	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	397	29	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	397	30	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	397	31	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	397	32	error	error	NOUN
cte-838	397	33	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cte-838	397	34	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	397	35	•	•	X
cte-838	397	36	utilize	utilize	VERB
cte-838	397	37	web	web	NOUN
cte-838	397	38	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	397	39	based	base	VERB
cte-838	397	40	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	397	41	that	that	PRON
cte-838	397	42	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
cte-838	397	43	installation	installation	NOUN
cte-838	397	44	complexity	complexity	NOUN
cte-838	397	45	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	397	46	enable	enable	VERB
cte-838	397	47	anywhere	anywhere	ADV
cte-838	397	48	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	397	49	anytime	anytime	ADV
cte-838	397	50	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	397	51	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	397	52	•	•	X
cte-838	397	53	implement	implement	VERB
cte-838	397	54	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
cte-838	397	55	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	397	56	that	that	PRON
cte-838	397	57	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	397	58	personalized	personalized	ADJ
cte-838	397	59	guidance	guidance	NOUN
cte-838	397	60	based	base	VERB
cte-838	397	61	on	on	ADP
cte-838	397	62	individual	individual	ADJ
cte-838	397	63	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	397	64	needs	need	NOUN
cte-838	397	65	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	397	66	progress	progress	NOUN
cte-838	397	67	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	397	68	•	•	ADV
cte-838	397	69	consider	consider	VERB
cte-838	397	70	using	use	VERB
cte-838	397	71	virtual	virtual	ADJ
cte-838	397	72	worlds	world	NOUN
cte-838	397	73	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	397	74	simulations	simulation	NOUN
cte-838	397	75	that	that	PRON
cte-838	397	76	provide	provide	VERB
cte-838	397	77	concrete	concrete	ADJ
cte-838	397	78	representations	representation	NOUN
cte-838	397	79	of	of	ADP
cte-838	397	80	abstract	abstract	ADJ
cte-838	397	81	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	397	82	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	397	83	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	397	84	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	398	1	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	398	2	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	398	3	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	398	4	ecosystem	ecosystem	PROPN
cte-838	398	5	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	398	6	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	398	7	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	398	8	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	398	9	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	398	10	platforms	platform	NOUN
cte-838	398	11	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	398	12	repositories	repository	NOUN
cte-838	398	13	prolog	prolog	PROPN
cte-838	398	14	swi	swi	PROPN
cte-838	398	15	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	398	16	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	398	17	sicstus	sicstus	NOUN
cte-838	398	18	ciao	ciao	PROPN
cte-838	398	19	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	398	20	onlinesparc	onlinesparc	PROPN
cte-838	398	21	aspide	aspide	PROPN
cte-838	398	22	clingo	clingo	PROPN
cte-838	398	23	datalog	datalog	PROPN
cte-838	398	24	des	des	PROPN
cte-838	398	25	soufflé	soufflé	PROPN
cte-838	398	26	logica	logica	PROPN
cte-838	398	27	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	398	28	logichart	logichart	PROPN
cte-838	398	29	prolog	prolog	PROPN
cte-838	398	30	tracer	tracer	PROPN
cte-838	398	31	viper	viper	NOUN
cte-838	398	32	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	398	33	aspect	aspect	PROPN
cte-838	398	34	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	398	35	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	398	36	visu	visu	NOUN
cte-838	398	37	dlv	dlv	PROPN
cte-838	398	38	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	398	39	explorer	explorer	PROPN
cte-838	398	40	microworlds	microworld	NOUN
cte-838	398	41	meloise	meloise	VERB
cte-838	398	42	virtual	virtual	ADJ
cte-838	398	43	worlds	world	NOUN
cte-838	398	44	simulations	simulation	NOUN
cte-838	398	45	automated	automate	VERB
cte-838	398	46	k	k	ADJ
cte-838	398	47	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	398	48	means	mean	VERB
cte-838	398	49	clustering	cluster	VERB
cte-838	398	50	clp	clp	NOUN
cte-838	398	51	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	398	52	based	base	VERB
cte-838	398	53	testing	testing	NOUN
cte-838	398	54	error	error	NOUN
cte-838	398	55	diagnosis	diagnosis	NOUN
cte-838	398	56	tutoring	tutoring	NOUN
cte-838	398	57	incom	incom	PROPN
cte-838	398	58	afflog	afflog	PROPN
cte-838	398	59	constraintbased	constraintbase	VERB
cte-838	398	60	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	398	61	cetecop	cetecop	PROPN
cte-838	398	62	mooc	mooc	PROPN
cte-838	398	63	platforms	platforms	PROPN
cte-838	398	64	web	web	NOUN
cte-838	398	65	assignments	assignment	NOUN
cte-838	398	66	puzzles	puzzle	VERB
cte-838	398	67	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	398	68	puzzles	puzzle	VERB
cte-838	398	69	cryptarithmetic	cryptarithmetic	ADJ
cte-838	398	70	sudoku	sudoku	ADJ
cte-838	398	71	games	games	PROPN
cte-838	399	1	general	general	ADJ
cte-838	399	2	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	399	3	playing	play	VERB
cte-838	399	4	metagame	metagame	NOUN
cte-838	399	5	mafia	mafia	NOUN
cte-838	399	6	real	real	ADJ
cte-838	399	7	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	399	8	world	world	NOUN
cte-838	399	9	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	399	10	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	399	11	planning	planning	NOUN
cte-838	399	12	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	399	13	protein	protein	NOUN
cte-838	399	14	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	399	15	figure	figure	NOUN
cte-838	399	16	9	9	NUM
cte-838	399	17	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	399	18	the	the	DET
cte-838	399	19	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	399	20	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	399	21	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	399	22	tool	tool	PROPN
cte-838	399	23	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
cte-838	399	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	399	25	showing	show	VERB
cte-838	399	26	the	the	DET
cte-838	399	27	relationships	relationship	NOUN
cte-838	399	28	between	between	ADP
cte-838	399	29	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	399	30	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	399	31	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	399	32	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	399	33	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	399	34	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	399	35	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	399	36	platforms	platform	NOUN
cte-838	399	37	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	399	38	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	399	39	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	399	40	repositories	repository	NOUN
cte-838	399	41	across	across	ADP
cte-838	399	42	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	399	43	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	399	44	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	400	1	417	417	NUM
cte-838	400	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	400	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	400	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	400	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	400	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	400	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	400	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	400	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	400	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	400	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	400	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	400	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	400	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	401	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	401	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	401	3	8	8	NUM
cte-838	401	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	401	5	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	401	6	gaps	gap	NOUN
cte-838	401	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	401	8	future	future	ADJ
cte-838	401	9	directions	direction	NOUN
cte-838	401	10	despite	despite	SCONJ
cte-838	401	11	significant	significant	ADJ
cte-838	401	12	advances	advance	NOUN
cte-838	401	13	in	in	ADP
cte-838	401	14	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	401	15	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	401	16	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	402	1	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	402	2	several	several	ADJ
cte-838	402	3	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	402	4	gaps	gap	NOUN
cte-838	402	5	remain	remain	VERB
cte-838	402	6	that	that	PRON
cte-838	402	7	warrant	warrant	VERB
cte-838	402	8	further	further	ADJ
cte-838	402	9	investigation	investigation	NOUN
cte-838	402	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	403	1	more	more	ADV
cte-838	403	2	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
cte-838	403	3	empirical	empirical	ADJ
cte-838	403	4	studies	study	NOUN
cte-838	403	5	are	be	AUX
cte-838	403	6	needed	need	VERB
cte-838	403	7	to	to	PART
cte-838	403	8	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cte-838	403	9	the	the	DET
cte-838	403	10	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	403	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	403	12	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	403	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	403	14	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	403	15	for	for	ADP
cte-838	403	16	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	403	17	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	403	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	404	1	future	future	ADJ
cte-838	404	2	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	404	3	should	should	AUX
cte-838	404	4	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	404	5	•	•	NUM
cte-838	404	6	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cte-838	404	7	controlled	control	VERB
cte-838	404	8	studies	study	NOUN
cte-838	404	9	comparing	compare	VERB
cte-838	404	10	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	404	11	instructional	instructional	ADJ
cte-838	404	12	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	404	13	across	across	ADP
cte-838	404	14	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cte-838	404	15	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	404	16	populations	population	NOUN
cte-838	404	17	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	404	18	•	•	NUM
cte-838	404	19	implement	implement	VERB
cte-838	404	20	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
cte-838	404	21	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	404	22	examining	examine	VERB
cte-838	404	23	the	the	DET
cte-838	404	24	long	long	ADJ
cte-838	404	25	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	404	26	term	term	NOUN
cte-838	404	27	retention	retention	NOUN
cte-838	404	28	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	404	29	transfer	transfer	NOUN
cte-838	404	30	of	of	ADP
cte-838	404	31	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	404	32	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	404	33	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	404	34	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	404	35	•	•	ADP
cte-838	404	36	explore	explore	VERB
cte-838	404	37	the	the	DET
cte-838	404	38	impact	impact	NOUN
cte-838	404	39	of	of	ADP
cte-838	404	40	integrated	integrate	VERB
cte-838	404	41	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	404	42	approaches	approach	VERB
cte-838	404	43	on	on	ADP
cte-838	404	44	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	404	45	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	404	46	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	404	47	motivation	motivation	NOUN
cte-838	404	48	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	404	49	•	•	ADV
cte-838	404	50	investigate	investigate	VERB
cte-838	404	51	the	the	DET
cte-838	404	52	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	404	53	of	of	ADP
cte-838	404	54	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	404	55	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	404	56	for	for	ADP
cte-838	404	57	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	404	58	aspects	aspect	NOUN
cte-838	404	59	of	of	ADP
cte-838	404	60	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	404	61	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	404	62	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	404	63	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cte-838	404	64	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	404	65	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	404	66	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	404	67	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	404	68	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	404	69	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	404	70	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	404	71	debugging	debugging	NOUN
cte-838	404	72	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	404	73	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	405	1	stronger	strong	ADJ
cte-838	405	2	connections	connection	NOUN
cte-838	405	3	with	with	ADP
cte-838	405	4	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	405	5	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	405	6	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	405	7	sciences	science	NOUN
cte-838	405	8	could	could	AUX
cte-838	405	9	enhance	enhance	VERB
cte-838	405	10	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	405	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	405	12	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	405	13	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	405	14	learn	learn	VERB
cte-838	405	15	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	405	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	405	17	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	405	18	•	•	PUNCT
cte-838	405	19	investigate	investigate	VERB
cte-838	405	20	the	the	DET
cte-838	405	21	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	405	22	processes	process	NOUN
cte-838	405	23	involved	involve	VERB
cte-838	405	24	in	in	ADP
cte-838	405	25	shifting	shift	VERB
cte-838	405	26	from	from	ADP
cte-838	405	27	imperative	imperative	NOUN
cte-838	405	28	to	to	ADP
cte-838	405	29	declarative	declarative	VERB
cte-838	405	30	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	405	31	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	405	32	•	•	NUM
cte-838	405	33	examine	examine	VERB
cte-838	405	34	the	the	DET
cte-838	405	35	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	405	36	of	of	ADP
cte-838	405	37	mental	mental	ADJ
cte-838	405	38	models	model	NOUN
cte-838	405	39	for	for	ADP
cte-838	405	40	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	405	41	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	405	42	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	405	43	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cte-838	405	44	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	405	45	•	•	NUM
cte-838	405	46	apply	apply	VERB
cte-838	405	47	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	405	48	load	load	NOUN
cte-838	405	49	theory	theory	NOUN
cte-838	405	50	to	to	PART
cte-838	405	51	optimize	optimize	VERB
cte-838	405	52	instructional	instructional	ADJ
cte-838	405	53	designs	design	NOUN
cte-838	405	54	for	for	ADP
cte-838	405	55	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	405	56	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	405	57	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	405	58	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	405	59	•	•	NUM
cte-838	405	60	study	study	VERB
cte-838	405	61	the	the	DET
cte-838	405	62	impact	impact	NOUN
cte-838	405	63	of	of	ADP
cte-838	405	64	prior	prior	ADJ
cte-838	405	65	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	405	66	experience	experience	NOUN
cte-838	405	67	on	on	ADP
cte-838	405	68	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	405	69	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cte-838	405	70	in	in	ADP
cte-838	405	71	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	405	72	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	405	73	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	405	74	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	406	1	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	406	2	on	on	ADP
cte-838	406	3	integrating	integrate	VERB
cte-838	406	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	406	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	406	6	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	406	7	with	with	ADP
cte-838	406	8	emerging	emerge	VERB
cte-838	406	9	technologies	technology	NOUN
cte-838	406	10	could	could	AUX
cte-838	406	11	open	open	VERB
cte-838	406	12	new	new	ADJ
cte-838	406	13	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	406	14	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
cte-838	406	15	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	406	16	•	•	NOUN
cte-838	406	17	explore	explore	NOUN
cte-838	406	18	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	406	19	of	of	ADP
cte-838	406	20	virtual	virtual	ADJ
cte-838	406	21	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	406	22	augmented	augment	VERB
cte-838	406	23	reality	reality	NOUN
cte-838	406	24	for	for	ADP
cte-838	406	25	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	406	26	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	406	27	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	406	28	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	406	29	•	•	CCONJ
cte-838	406	30	investigate	investigate	VERB
cte-838	406	31	the	the	DET
cte-838	406	32	role	role	NOUN
cte-838	406	33	of	of	ADP
cte-838	406	34	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cte-838	406	35	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	406	36	in	in	ADP
cte-838	406	37	providing	provide	VERB
cte-838	406	38	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
cte-838	406	39	guidance	guidance	NOUN
cte-838	406	40	for	for	ADP
cte-838	406	41	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	406	42	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	406	43	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	406	44	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	406	45	•	•	ADP
cte-838	406	46	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	406	47	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	406	48	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cte-838	406	49	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
cte-838	406	50	tutoring	tutoring	NOUN
cte-838	406	51	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	406	52	specialized	specialize	VERB
cte-838	406	53	for	for	ADP
cte-838	406	54	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	406	55	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	406	56	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	406	57	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	406	58	•	•	NUM
cte-838	406	59	study	study	VERB
cte-838	406	60	the	the	DET
cte-838	406	61	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	406	62	of	of	ADP
cte-838	406	63	game	game	NOUN
cte-838	406	64	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	406	65	based	base	VERB
cte-838	406	66	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	406	67	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	406	68	for	for	ADP
cte-838	406	69	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	406	70	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	406	71	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	406	72	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	406	73	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	407	1	future	future	ADJ
cte-838	407	2	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	407	3	should	should	AUX
cte-838	407	4	address	address	VERB
cte-838	407	5	cross	cross	ADJ
cte-838	407	6	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	407	7	cultural	cultural	ADJ
cte-838	407	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	407	9	accessibility	accessibility	NOUN
cte-838	407	10	aspects	aspect	NOUN
cte-838	407	11	of	of	ADP
cte-838	407	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	407	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	407	14	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	407	15	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	407	16	•	•	X
cte-838	407	17	investigate	investigate	VERB
cte-838	407	18	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	407	19	cultural	cultural	ADJ
cte-838	407	20	factors	factor	NOUN
cte-838	407	21	influence	influence	VERB
cte-838	407	22	the	the	DET
cte-838	407	23	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	407	24	of	of	ADP
cte-838	407	25	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	407	26	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	407	27	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	407	28	for	for	ADP
cte-838	407	29	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	407	30	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	407	31	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	407	32	•	•	ADP
cte-838	407	33	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	407	34	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	407	35	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cte-838	407	36	accessible	accessible	ADJ
cte-838	407	37	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	407	38	materials	material	NOUN
cte-838	407	39	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	407	40	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	407	41	for	for	ADP
cte-838	407	42	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	407	43	with	with	ADP
cte-838	407	44	disabilities	disability	NOUN
cte-838	407	45	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	407	46	•	•	NUM
cte-838	407	47	explore	explore	NOUN
cte-838	407	48	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	407	49	for	for	ADP
cte-838	407	50	making	make	VERB
cte-838	407	51	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	407	52	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	407	53	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	407	54	more	more	ADV
cte-838	407	55	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
cte-838	407	56	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	407	57	equitable	equitable	ADJ
cte-838	407	58	across	across	ADP
cte-838	407	59	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cte-838	407	60	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	407	61	populations	population	NOUN
cte-838	407	62	;	;	PUNCT
cte-838	407	63	•	•	NUM
cte-838	407	64	study	study	NOUN
cte-838	407	65	international	international	ADJ
cte-838	407	66	variations	variation	NOUN
cte-838	407	67	in	in	ADP
cte-838	407	68	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	407	69	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	407	70	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	407	71	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	407	72	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	407	73	for	for	ADP
cte-838	407	74	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	407	75	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	407	76	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	408	1	418	418	NUM
cte-838	408	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	408	3	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	408	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	408	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	408	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	408	7	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	408	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	408	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	408	10	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	408	11	12	12	NUM
cte-838	408	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	408	13	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	408	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	409	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	409	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	409	3	9	9	NUM
cte-838	409	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	409	5	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cte-838	409	6	this	this	DET
cte-838	409	7	review	review	NOUN
cte-838	409	8	has	have	AUX
cte-838	409	9	examined	examine	VERB
cte-838	409	10	current	current	ADJ
cte-838	409	11	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	409	12	to	to	ADP
cte-838	409	13	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	409	14	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	409	15	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	409	16	across	across	ADP
cte-838	409	17	its	its	PRON
cte-838	409	18	major	major	ADJ
cte-838	409	19	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	409	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	409	21	identifying	identify	VERB
cte-838	409	22	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	409	23	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	409	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	409	25	common	common	ADJ
cte-838	409	26	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	409	27	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	409	28	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	409	29	emerging	emerge	VERB
cte-838	409	30	trends	trend	NOUN
cte-838	409	31	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	410	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	410	2	findings	finding	NOUN
cte-838	410	3	highlight	highlight	VERB
cte-838	410	4	the	the	DET
cte-838	410	5	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
cte-838	410	6	nature	nature	NOUN
cte-838	410	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	410	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	410	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	410	10	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	410	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	410	12	encompassing	encompass	VERB
cte-838	410	13	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	410	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	410	15	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	410	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	410	17	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	410	18	motivational	motivational	ADJ
cte-838	410	19	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
cte-838	410	20	that	that	PRON
cte-838	410	21	must	must	AUX
cte-838	410	22	be	be	AUX
cte-838	410	23	addressed	address	VERB
cte-838	410	24	through	through	ADP
cte-838	410	25	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cte-838	410	26	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	410	27	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	410	28	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	411	1	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	411	2	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	411	3	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	411	4	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	411	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	411	6	based	base	VERB
cte-838	411	7	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	411	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	411	9	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	411	10	with	with	ADP
cte-838	411	11	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	411	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	411	13	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	411	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	411	15	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	411	16	contextual	contextual	ADJ
cte-838	411	17	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	411	18	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	411	19	based	base	VERB
cte-838	411	20	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	411	21	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
cte-838	411	22	the	the	DET
cte-838	411	23	most	most	ADJ
cte-838	411	24	promise	promise	NOUN
cte-838	411	25	for	for	ADP
cte-838	411	26	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cte-838	411	27	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	411	28	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
cte-838	411	29	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	411	30	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	411	31	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	412	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	412	2	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	412	3	address	address	VERB
cte-838	412	4	the	the	DET
cte-838	412	5	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
cte-838	412	6	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	412	7	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	412	8	of	of	ADP
cte-838	412	9	developing	develop	VERB
cte-838	412	10	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	412	11	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	412	12	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	412	13	while	while	SCONJ
cte-838	412	14	making	make	VERB
cte-838	412	15	abstract	abstract	ADJ
cte-838	412	16	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	412	17	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	412	18	concepts	concept	NOUN
cte-838	412	19	concrete	concrete	ADJ
cte-838	412	20	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	412	21	accessible	accessible	ADJ
cte-838	412	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	413	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	413	2	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	413	3	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cte-838	413	4	for	for	ADP
cte-838	413	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	413	6	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	413	7	continues	continue	VERB
cte-838	413	8	to	to	PART
cte-838	413	9	evolve	evolve	VERB
cte-838	413	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	413	11	with	with	ADP
cte-838	413	12	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	413	13	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	413	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	413	15	interactive	interactive	ADJ
cte-838	413	16	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	413	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	413	18	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	413	19	integrated	integrated	ADJ
cte-838	413	20	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	413	21	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	413	22	offering	offer	VERB
cte-838	413	23	new	new	ADJ
cte-838	413	24	possibilities	possibility	NOUN
cte-838	413	25	for	for	ADP
cte-838	413	26	effective	effective	ADJ
cte-838	413	27	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	413	28	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	414	1	these	these	DET
cte-838	414	2	innovations	innovation	NOUN
cte-838	414	3	help	help	VERB
cte-838	414	4	position	position	VERB
cte-838	414	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	414	6	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	414	7	within	within	ADP
cte-838	414	8	broader	broad	ADJ
cte-838	414	9	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	414	10	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	414	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	414	12	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cte-838	414	13	perceived	perceive	VERB
cte-838	414	14	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	414	15	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	414	16	supporting	support	VERB
cte-838	414	17	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	414	18	transfer	transfer	NOUN
cte-838	414	19	across	across	ADP
cte-838	414	20	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	414	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	415	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
cte-838	415	2	these	these	DET
cte-838	415	3	advances	advance	NOUN
cte-838	415	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	415	5	significant	significant	ADJ
cte-838	415	6	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	415	7	gaps	gap	NOUN
cte-838	415	8	remain	remain	VERB
cte-838	415	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	416	1	future	future	ADJ
cte-838	416	2	studies	study	NOUN
cte-838	416	3	should	should	AUX
cte-838	416	4	employ	employ	VERB
cte-838	416	5	more	more	ADV
cte-838	416	6	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
cte-838	416	7	empirical	empirical	ADJ
cte-838	416	8	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
cte-838	416	9	to	to	PART
cte-838	416	10	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cte-838	416	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	416	12	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	416	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	416	14	explore	explore	VERB
cte-838	416	15	connections	connection	NOUN
cte-838	416	16	with	with	ADP
cte-838	416	17	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	416	18	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	416	19	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	416	20	sciences	science	NOUN
cte-838	416	21	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	416	22	investigate	investigate	VERB
cte-838	416	23	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	416	24	with	with	ADP
cte-838	416	25	emerging	emerge	VERB
cte-838	416	26	technologies	technology	NOUN
cte-838	416	27	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	416	28	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	416	29	address	address	VERB
cte-838	416	30	cross	cross	ADJ
cte-838	416	31	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	416	32	cultural	cultural	ADJ
cte-838	416	33	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	416	34	accessibility	accessibility	NOUN
cte-838	416	35	considerations	consideration	NOUN
cte-838	416	36	in	in	ADP
cte-838	416	37	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	416	38	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	416	39	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	416	40	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	417	1	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	417	2	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	417	3	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	417	4	with	with	ADP
cte-838	417	5	its	its	PRON
cte-838	417	6	foundation	foundation	NOUN
cte-838	417	7	in	in	ADP
cte-838	417	8	formal	formal	ADJ
cte-838	417	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	417	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	417	11	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	417	12	in	in	ADP
cte-838	417	13	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cte-838	417	14	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	417	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	417	16	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	417	17	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	417	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	417	19	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	417	20	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	417	21	solving	solving	NOUN
cte-838	417	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	417	23	remains	remain	VERB
cte-838	417	24	a	a	DET
cte-838	417	25	valuable	valuable	ADJ
cte-838	417	26	component	component	NOUN
cte-838	417	27	of	of	ADP
cte-838	417	28	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	417	29	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	417	30	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	417	31	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	418	1	by	by	ADP
cte-838	418	2	implementing	implement	VERB
cte-838	418	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cte-838	418	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	418	5	based	base	VERB
cte-838	418	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	418	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cte-838	418	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	418	9	continuing	continue	VERB
cte-838	418	10	to	to	PART
cte-838	418	11	innovate	innovate	VERB
cte-838	418	12	instructional	instructional	ADJ
cte-838	418	13	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	418	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	418	15	educators	educator	NOUN
cte-838	418	16	can	can	AUX
cte-838	418	17	help	help	VERB
cte-838	418	18	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	418	19	develop	develop	VERB
cte-838	418	20	the	the	DET
cte-838	418	21	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	418	22	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	418	23	skills	skill	NOUN
cte-838	418	24	that	that	PRON
cte-838	418	25	complement	complement	VERB
cte-838	418	26	procedural	procedural	ADJ
cte-838	418	27	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	418	28	object	object	NOUN
cte-838	418	29	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	418	30	oriented	orient	VERB
cte-838	418	31	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	418	32	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	418	33	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	418	34	preparing	prepare	VERB
cte-838	418	35	them	they	PRON
cte-838	418	36	for	for	ADP
cte-838	418	37	the	the	DET
cte-838	418	38	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cte-838	418	39	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	418	40	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	418	41	of	of	ADP
cte-838	418	42	the	the	DET
cte-838	418	43	future	future	NOUN
cte-838	418	44	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	419	1	declaration	declaration	NOUN
cte-838	419	2	on	on	ADP
cte-838	419	3	generative	generative	ADJ
cte-838	419	4	ai	ai	NOUN
cte-838	419	5	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	419	6	during	during	ADP
cte-838	419	7	the	the	DET
cte-838	419	8	preparation	preparation	NOUN
cte-838	419	9	of	of	ADP
cte-838	419	10	this	this	DET
cte-838	419	11	work	work	NOUN
cte-838	419	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	419	13	the	the	DET
cte-838	419	14	authors	author	NOUN
cte-838	419	15	used	use	VERB
cte-838	419	16	claude	claude	PROPN
cte-838	419	17	3.7	3.7	NUM
cte-838	419	18	sonnet	sonnet	NOUN
cte-838	419	19	to	to	PART
cte-838	419	20	improve	improve	VERB
cte-838	419	21	writing	write	VERB
cte-838	419	22	style	style	NOUN
cte-838	419	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	420	1	after	after	ADP
cte-838	420	2	using	use	VERB
cte-838	420	3	this	this	DET
cte-838	420	4	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	420	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	420	6	the	the	DET
cte-838	420	7	authors	author	NOUN
cte-838	420	8	reviewed	review	VERB
cte-838	420	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	420	10	edited	edit	VERB
cte-838	420	11	the	the	DET
cte-838	420	12	content	content	NOUN
cte-838	420	13	as	as	SCONJ
cte-838	420	14	needed	need	VERB
cte-838	420	15	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	420	16	took	take	VERB
cte-838	420	17	full	full	ADJ
cte-838	420	18	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
cte-838	420	19	for	for	ADP
cte-838	420	20	the	the	DET
cte-838	420	21	publication	publication	NOUN
cte-838	420	22	’s	’s	PART
cte-838	420	23	content	content	NOUN
cte-838	420	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	421	1	references	reference	NOUN
cte-838	421	2	[	[	X
cte-838	421	3	1	1	NUM
cte-838	421	4	]	]	X
cte-838	421	5	adachi	adachi	PROPN
cte-838	421	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	421	7	y.	y.	PROPN
cte-838	421	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	421	9	2008	2008	NUM
cte-838	421	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	422	1	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	422	2	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	422	3	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	422	4	using	use	VERB
cte-838	422	5	logichart	logichart	ADJ
cte-838	422	6	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
cte-838	422	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	423	1	18th	18th	ADJ
cte-838	423	2	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	423	3	on	on	ADP
cte-838	423	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	423	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	423	6	based	base	VERB
cte-838	423	7	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	423	8	in	in	ADP
cte-838	423	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	423	10	environments	environment	NOUN
cte-838	423	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	423	12	wlpe	wlpe	VERB
cte-838	423	13	2008	2008	NUM
cte-838	423	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	424	1	pp.8–18	pp.8–18	X
cte-838	424	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	425	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	425	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	425	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	425	4	http://arxiv.org/abs/0903.2207	http://arxiv.org/abs/0903.2207	NOUN
cte-838	425	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	426	1	[	[	X
cte-838	426	2	2	2	NUM
cte-838	426	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	426	4	anderson	anderson	PROPN
cte-838	426	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	426	6	d.m	d.m	PROPN
cte-838	426	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	426	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	426	9	2013	2013	NUM
cte-838	426	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	426	11	overarching	overarching	ADJ
cte-838	426	12	goals	goal	NOUN
cte-838	426	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	426	14	values	value	NOUN
cte-838	426	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	426	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	426	17	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
cte-838	426	18	of	of	ADP
cte-838	426	19	integrated	integrate	VERB
cte-838	426	20	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	426	21	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	426	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	427	1	schole	schole	PROPN
cte-838	427	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	427	3	a	a	DET
cte-838	427	4	journal	journal	NOUN
cte-838	427	5	of	of	ADP
cte-838	427	6	leisure	leisure	NOUN
cte-838	427	7	studies	study	NOUN
cte-838	427	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	427	9	recreation	recreation	NOUN
cte-838	427	10	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	427	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	427	12	28(1	28(1	NOUN
cte-838	427	13	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	427	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	427	15	pp.1–10	pp.1–10	NOUN
cte-838	427	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	428	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	428	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	428	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	428	4	https://doi.org/10.1080/1937156x	https://doi.org/10.1080/1937156x	PROPN
cte-838	428	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	429	1	2013.11949690	2013.11949690	NOUN
cte-838	429	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	430	1	[	[	X
cte-838	430	2	3	3	NUM
cte-838	430	3	]	]	X
cte-838	430	4	apt	apt	PROPN
cte-838	430	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	430	6	k.r	k.r	PROPN
cte-838	430	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	430	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	430	9	wallace	wallace	NOUN
cte-838	430	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	430	11	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	430	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	430	13	2006	2006	NUM
cte-838	430	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	431	1	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	431	2	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	431	3	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	431	4	using	use	VERB
cte-838	431	5	eclipse	eclipse	NOUN
cte-838	431	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	432	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
cte-838	432	2	university	university	PROPN
cte-838	432	3	press	press	NOUN
cte-838	432	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	433	1	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/	X
cte-838	433	2	220693610	220693610	NUM
cte-838	433	3	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	433	4	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	433	5	from	from	ADP
cte-838	433	6	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	433	7	https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511607400	https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511607400	VERB
cte-838	433	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	434	1	[	[	X
cte-838	434	2	4	4	NUM
cte-838	434	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	434	4	awasekar	awasekar	ADJ
cte-838	434	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	434	6	d.d	d.d	PROPN
cte-838	434	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	434	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	434	9	2013	2013	NUM
cte-838	434	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	435	1	effect	effect	NOUN
cte-838	435	2	of	of	ADP
cte-838	435	3	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	435	4	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	435	5	to	to	PART
cte-838	435	6	teach	teach	VERB
cte-838	435	7	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	435	8	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	435	9	in	in	ADP
cte-838	435	10	a	a	DET
cte-838	435	11	resource	resource	NOUN
cte-838	435	12	constrained	constrain	VERB
cte-838	435	13	classroom	classroom	NOUN
cte-838	435	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	436	1	2013	2013	NUM
cte-838	436	2	ieee	ieee	PROPN
cte-838	436	3	fifth	fifth	ADJ
cte-838	436	4	international	international	ADJ
cte-838	436	5	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	436	6	on	on	ADP
cte-838	436	7	technology	technology	NOUN
cte-838	436	8	for	for	ADP
cte-838	436	9	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	436	10	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	436	11	t4e	t4e	PROPN
cte-838	436	12	2013	2013	NUM
cte-838	436	13	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	436	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	437	1	pp.93–100	pp.93–100	PROPN
cte-838	437	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	438	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	438	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	438	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	438	4	https://doi.org/10.1109/t4e.2013.31	https://doi.org/10.1109/t4e.2013.31	ADJ
cte-838	438	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	439	1	[	[	X
cte-838	439	2	5	5	NUM
cte-838	439	3	]	]	X
cte-838	439	4	bădică	bădică	NOUN
cte-838	439	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	439	6	a.	a.	NOUN
cte-838	439	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	439	8	bădică	bădică	PROPN
cte-838	439	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	439	10	c.	c.	PROPN
cte-838	439	11	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	439	12	ivanović	ivanović	NOUN
cte-838	439	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	439	14	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	439	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	439	16	2020	2020	NUM
cte-838	439	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	440	1	block	block	NOUN
cte-838	440	2	structured	structured	ADJ
cte-838	440	3	scheduling	scheduling	NOUN
cte-838	440	4	using	use	VERB
cte-838	440	5	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	440	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	440	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	440	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	441	1	ai	ai	PROPN
cte-838	441	2	communications	communication	NOUN
cte-838	441	3	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	441	4	33(1	33(1	NUM
cte-838	441	5	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	441	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	441	7	pp.41–57	pp.41–57	NOUN
cte-838	441	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	442	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	442	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	442	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	442	4	https://doi.org/10.3233/aic-200650	https://doi.org/10.3233/aic-200650	NOUN
cte-838	442	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	443	1	419	419	NUM
cte-838	443	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	443	3	http://arxiv.org/abs/0903.2207	http://arxiv.org/abs/0903.2207	NOUN
cte-838	443	4	https://doi.org/10.1080/1937156x.2013.11949690	https://doi.org/10.1080/1937156x.2013.11949690	VERB
cte-838	443	5	https://doi.org/10.1080/1937156x.2013.11949690	https://doi.org/10.1080/1937156x.2013.11949690	NOUN
cte-838	443	6	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220693610	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220693610	ADJ
cte-838	443	7	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220693610	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220693610	PROPN
cte-838	443	8	https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511607400	https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511607400	PROPN
cte-838	443	9	https://doi.org/10.1109/t4e.2013.31	https://doi.org/10.1109/t4e.2013.31	PROPN
cte-838	443	10	https://doi.org/10.3233/aic-200650	https://doi.org/10.3233/aic-200650	NUM
cte-838	443	11	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	443	12	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	443	13	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	443	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	443	15	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	443	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	443	17	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	443	18	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	443	19	12	12	NUM
cte-838	443	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	443	21	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	443	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	444	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	444	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	X
cte-838	444	3	[	[	X
cte-838	444	4	6	6	NUM
cte-838	444	5	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	444	6	bellström	bellström	NOUN
cte-838	444	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	444	8	p.	p.	NOUN
cte-838	444	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	444	10	thorén	thorén	PROPN
cte-838	444	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	444	12	c.	c.	NOUN
cte-838	444	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	444	14	2009	2009	NUM
cte-838	444	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	445	1	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	445	2	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	445	3	to	to	PART
cte-838	445	4	program	program	VERB
cte-838	445	5	through	through	ADP
cte-838	445	6	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	445	7	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	445	8	a	a	DET
cte-838	445	9	pilot	pilot	NOUN
cte-838	445	10	study	study	NOUN
cte-838	445	11	on	on	ADP
cte-838	445	12	the	the	DET
cte-838	445	13	bubble	bubble	NOUN
cte-838	445	14	sort	sort	NOUN
cte-838	445	15	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
cte-838	445	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	446	1	2nd	2nd	ADJ
cte-838	446	2	international	international	ADJ
cte-838	446	3	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	446	4	on	on	ADP
cte-838	446	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	446	6	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	446	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	446	8	digital	digital	ADJ
cte-838	446	9	information	information	NOUN
cte-838	446	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	446	11	web	web	NOUN
cte-838	446	12	technologies	technology	NOUN
cte-838	446	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	446	14	icadiwt	icadiwt	PROPN
cte-838	446	15	2009	2009	NUM
cte-838	446	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	447	1	pp.90–94	pp.90–94	PROPN
cte-838	447	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	448	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	448	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	448	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	448	4	https://doi.org/10.1109/icadiwt.2009.5273943	https://doi.org/10.1109/icadiwt.2009.5273943	PROPN
cte-838	448	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	449	1	[	[	X
cte-838	449	2	7	7	NUM
cte-838	449	3	]	]	X
cte-838	449	4	bertagnon	bertagnon	NOUN
cte-838	449	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	449	6	a.	a.	NOUN
cte-838	449	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	449	8	gavanelli	gavanelli	PROPN
cte-838	449	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	449	10	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	449	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	449	12	2024	2024	NUM
cte-838	449	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	450	1	aspect	aspect	NOUN
cte-838	450	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	450	3	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	450	4	set	set	VERB
cte-838	450	5	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	450	6	as	as	ADP
cte-838	450	7	vector	vector	NOUN
cte-838	450	8	graphics	graphic	NOUN
cte-838	450	9	in	in	ADP
cte-838	450	10	latex	latex	PROPN
cte-838	450	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	451	1	journal	journal	PROPN
cte-838	451	2	of	of	ADP
cte-838	451	3	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	451	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	451	5	computation	computation	NOUN
cte-838	451	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	451	7	34(8	34(8	NUM
cte-838	451	8	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	451	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	451	10	pp.1580–1607	pp.1580–1607	PROPN
cte-838	451	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	452	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	452	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	452	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	452	4	https://doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exae042	https://doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exae042	X
cte-838	452	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	453	1	[	[	X
cte-838	453	2	8	8	NUM
cte-838	453	3	]	]	X
cte-838	453	4	boluk	boluk	NOUN
cte-838	453	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	453	6	k.a	k.a	PROPN
cte-838	453	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	453	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	453	9	2023	2023	NUM
cte-838	453	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	454	1	integrated	integrate	VERB
cte-838	454	2	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	454	3	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	454	4	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	454	5	an	an	DET
cte-838	454	6	empowering	empowering	ADJ
cte-838	454	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	454	8	engaging	engaging	ADJ
cte-838	454	9	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	454	10	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	454	11	preparing	prepare	VERB
cte-838	454	12	21st	21st	ADJ
cte-838	454	13	graduates	graduate	NOUN
cte-838	454	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	455	1	schole	schole	PROPN
cte-838	455	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	455	3	a	a	DET
cte-838	455	4	journal	journal	NOUN
cte-838	455	5	of	of	ADP
cte-838	455	6	leisure	leisure	NOUN
cte-838	455	7	studies	study	NOUN
cte-838	455	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	455	9	recreation	recreation	NOUN
cte-838	455	10	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	455	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	455	12	38(3	38(3	NUM
cte-838	455	13	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	455	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	455	15	pp.224–229	pp.224–229	PROPN
cte-838	455	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	455	17	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	455	18	from	from	ADP
cte-838	455	19	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	455	20	https	https	NOUN
cte-838	455	21	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	455	22	//doi.org/10.1080/1937156x.2022.2099326	//doi.org/10.1080/1937156x.2022.2099326	PUNCT
cte-838	455	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	456	1	[	[	X
cte-838	456	2	9	9	NUM
cte-838	456	3	]	]	SYM
cte-838	456	4	choo	choo	NOUN
cte-838	456	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	456	6	s.s.y	s.s.y	NOUN
cte-838	456	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	456	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	456	9	2012	2012	NUM
cte-838	456	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	457	1	scaffolding	scaffold	VERB
cte-838	457	2	in	in	ADP
cte-838	457	3	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	457	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	457	5	based	base	VERB
cte-838	457	6	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	457	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	458	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	458	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	458	3	g.	g.	PROPN
cte-838	458	4	o’grady	o’grady	PROPN
cte-838	458	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	458	6	e.h	e.h	PROPN
cte-838	458	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	458	8	yew	yew	PROPN
cte-838	458	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	458	10	k.p	k.p	PROPN
cte-838	458	11	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	458	12	goh	goh	PROPN
cte-838	458	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	458	14	h.g	h.g	PROPN
cte-838	458	15	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	458	16	schmidt	schmidt	PROPN
cte-838	458	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	458	18	eds	eds	PROPN
cte-838	458	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	458	20	one	one	NUM
cte-838	458	21	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	458	22	day	day	NOUN
cte-838	458	23	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	458	24	one	one	NUM
cte-838	458	25	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	458	26	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	458	27	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	458	28	an	an	DET
cte-838	458	29	approach	approach	NOUN
cte-838	458	30	to	to	ADP
cte-838	458	31	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	458	32	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	458	33	based	base	VERB
cte-838	458	34	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	458	35	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	459	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cte-838	459	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	459	3	springer	springer	PROPN
cte-838	459	4	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cte-838	459	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	459	6	pp.167–184	pp.167–184	PROPN
cte-838	459	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	459	8	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	459	9	from	from	ADP
cte-838	459	10	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	459	11	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4021-75-3_8	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4021-75-3_8	PROPN
cte-838	459	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	460	1	[	[	X
cte-838	460	2	10	10	NUM
cte-838	460	3	]	]	X
cte-838	460	4	cuteri	cuteri	NOUN
cte-838	460	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	460	6	b.	b.	PROPN
cte-838	460	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	460	8	ricca	ricca	PROPN
cte-838	460	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	460	10	f.	f.	PROPN
cte-838	460	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	460	12	2017	2017	NUM
cte-838	460	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	461	1	a	a	DET
cte-838	461	2	compiler	compiler	NOUN
cte-838	461	3	for	for	ADP
cte-838	461	4	stratified	stratified	ADJ
cte-838	461	5	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	461	6	programs	program	NOUN
cte-838	461	7	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	461	8	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
cte-838	461	9	results	result	NOUN
cte-838	461	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	462	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	462	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	462	3	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	462	4	flesca	flesca	PROPN
cte-838	462	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	462	6	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	462	7	greco	greco	PROPN
cte-838	462	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	462	9	e.	e.	PROPN
cte-838	462	10	masciari	masciari	PROPN
cte-838	462	11	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	462	12	d.	d.	PROPN
cte-838	462	13	saccà	saccà	PROPN
cte-838	462	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	462	15	eds	ed	NOUN
cte-838	462	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	462	17	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	462	18	of	of	ADP
cte-838	462	19	the	the	DET
cte-838	462	20	25th	25th	ADJ
cte-838	462	21	italian	italian	ADJ
cte-838	462	22	symposium	symposium	NOUN
cte-838	462	23	on	on	ADP
cte-838	462	24	advanced	advanced	ADJ
cte-838	462	25	database	database	NOUN
cte-838	462	26	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	462	27	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	462	28	squillace	squillace	NOUN
cte-838	462	29	lido	lido	NOUN
cte-838	462	30	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	462	31	catanzaro	catanzaro	NOUN
cte-838	462	32	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	462	33	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	462	34	italy	italy	PROPN
cte-838	462	35	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	462	36	june	june	PROPN
cte-838	462	37	25	25	NUM
cte-838	462	38	-	-	SYM
cte-838	462	39	29	29	NUM
cte-838	462	40	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	462	41	2017	2017	NUM
cte-838	462	42	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	463	1	ceur-ws.org	ceur-ws.org	PROPN
cte-838	463	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	463	3	ceur	ceur	NOUN
cte-838	463	4	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	463	5	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	463	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	463	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	463	8	.	.	NOUN
cte-838	463	9	2037	2037	NUM
cte-838	463	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	463	11	p.158	p.158	NOUN
cte-838	463	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	463	13	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	463	14	from	from	ADP
cte-838	463	15	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	463	16	https://ceur-ws.org/vol-2037/paper_23.pdf	https://ceur-ws.org/vol-2037/paper_23.pdf	NOUN
cte-838	463	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	464	1	[	[	X
cte-838	464	2	11	11	NUM
cte-838	464	3	]	]	X
cte-838	464	4	dal	dal	NOUN
cte-838	464	5	palù	palù	NOUN
cte-838	464	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	464	7	a.	a.	PROPN
cte-838	464	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	464	9	dovier	dovier	PROPN
cte-838	464	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	464	11	a.	a.	PROPN
cte-838	464	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	464	13	fogolari	fogolari	PROPN
cte-838	464	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	464	15	f.	f.	PROPN
cte-838	464	16	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	464	17	pontelli	pontelli	PROPN
cte-838	464	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	464	19	e.	e.	PROPN
cte-838	464	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	464	21	2011	2011	NUM
cte-838	464	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	465	1	exploring	explore	VERB
cte-838	465	2	protein	protein	NOUN
cte-838	465	3	fragment	fragment	NOUN
cte-838	465	4	assembly	assembly	NOUN
cte-838	465	5	using	use	VERB
cte-838	465	6	clp	clp	PROPN
cte-838	465	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	466	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	466	2	of	of	ADP
cte-838	466	3	the	the	DET
cte-838	466	4	twenty	twenty	NUM
cte-838	466	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	466	6	second	second	NOUN
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cte-838	466	8	joint	joint	ADJ
cte-838	466	9	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	466	10	on	on	ADP
cte-838	466	11	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cte-838	466	12	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	466	13	volume	volume	NOUN
cte-838	466	14	volume	volume	NOUN
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cte-838	466	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	467	1	aaai	aaai	PROPN
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cte-838	467	3	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	467	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	467	6	p.2590–2595	p.2590–2595	PROPN
cte-838	467	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	468	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	468	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	468	3	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	468	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	469	1	[	[	X
cte-838	469	2	12	12	NUM
cte-838	469	3	]	]	X
cte-838	469	4	del	del	X
cte-838	469	5	vado	vado	PROPN
cte-838	469	6	vírseda	vírseda	PROPN
cte-838	469	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	469	8	r.	r.	PROPN
cte-838	469	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	469	10	morente	morente	PROPN
cte-838	469	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	469	12	f.p	f.p	PROPN
cte-838	469	13	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	469	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	469	15	2011	2011	NUM
cte-838	469	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	470	1	an	an	DET
cte-838	470	2	innovative	innovative	ADJ
cte-838	470	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	470	4	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	470	5	based	base	VERB
cte-838	470	6	on	on	ADP
cte-838	470	7	semantic	semantic	ADJ
cte-838	470	8	tableaux	tableau	NOUN
cte-838	470	9	for	for	ADP
cte-838	470	10	verification	verification	NOUN
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cte-838	470	13	of	of	ADP
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cte-838	470	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	471	1	procedia	procedia	PROPN
cte-838	471	2	computer	computer	NOUN
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cte-838	471	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	471	5	4	4	NUM
cte-838	471	6	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	471	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	472	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	472	2	of	of	ADP
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cte-838	472	4	international	international	ADJ
cte-838	472	5	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	472	6	on	on	ADP
cte-838	472	7	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	472	8	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	472	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	472	10	iccs	iccs	VERB
cte-838	472	11	2011	2011	NUM
cte-838	472	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	473	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	473	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	473	3	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	473	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	474	1	org/10.1016	org/10.1016	PROPN
cte-838	474	2	/	/	SYM
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cte-838	474	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	475	1	[	[	X
cte-838	475	2	13	13	NUM
cte-838	475	3	]	]	X
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cte-838	475	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	475	6	k.	k.	PROPN
cte-838	475	7	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	475	9	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	475	13	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	475	15	and	and	CCONJ
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cte-838	475	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	475	18	e.	e.	PROPN
cte-838	475	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	475	20	2017	2017	NUM
cte-838	475	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	476	1	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
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cte-838	476	3	suite	suite	NOUN
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cte-838	476	5	and	and	CCONJ
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cte-838	476	7	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	476	8	code	code	NOUN
cte-838	476	9	via	via	ADP
cte-838	476	10	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	476	11	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	476	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	476	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	477	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	477	2	of	of	ADP
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cte-838	477	4	2017	2017	NUM
cte-838	477	5	acm	acm	NOUN
cte-838	477	6	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	477	7	on	on	ADP
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cte-838	477	9	and	and	CCONJ
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cte-838	477	11	in	in	ADP
cte-838	477	12	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	477	13	science	science	NOUN
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cte-838	477	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	478	1	new	new	PROPN
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cte-838	478	3	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	478	5	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	478	7	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	478	8	association	association	NOUN
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cte-838	478	10	computing	computing	NOUN
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cte-838	478	12	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	478	16	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	478	18	.	.	PROPN
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cte-838	478	20	from	from	ADP
cte-838	478	21	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	478	23	3059009.3059051	3059009.3059051	NUM
cte-838	478	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	479	1	[	[	X
cte-838	479	2	14	14	NUM
cte-838	479	3	]	]	X
cte-838	479	4	el	el	PROPN
cte-838	479	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	479	6	khatib	khatib	PROPN
cte-838	479	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	479	8	o.	o.	PROPN
cte-838	479	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	479	10	pontelli	pontelli	PROPN
cte-838	479	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	479	12	e.	e.	PROPN
cte-838	479	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	479	14	son	son	PROPN
cte-838	479	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	479	16	t.c	t.c	PROPN
cte-838	479	17	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	479	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	479	19	2006	2006	NUM
cte-838	479	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	480	1	a	a	DET
cte-838	480	2	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	480	3	for	for	ADP
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cte-838	480	5	base	base	NOUN
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cte-838	481	1	formalizing	formalizing	NOUN
cte-838	481	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	481	3	compiling	compile	VERB
cte-838	481	4	background	background	NOUN
cte-838	481	5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	481	6	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	481	7	its	its	PRON
cte-838	481	8	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	481	9	to	to	ADP
cte-838	481	10	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	481	11	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	481	12	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	481	13	question	question	NOUN
cte-838	481	14	answering	answering	NOUN
cte-838	481	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	481	16	papers	paper	NOUN
cte-838	481	17	from	from	ADP
cte-838	481	18	the	the	DET
cte-838	481	19	2006	2006	NUM
cte-838	481	20	aaai	aaai	PROPN
cte-838	481	21	spring	spring	NOUN
cte-838	481	22	symposium	symposium	NOUN
cte-838	481	23	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	481	24	technical	technical	ADJ
cte-838	481	25	report	report	NOUN
cte-838	481	26	ss-06	ss-06	NOUN
cte-838	481	27	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	481	28	05	05	NUM
cte-838	481	29	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	481	31	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	481	35	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	481	36	march	march	PROPN
cte-838	481	37	27	27	NUM
cte-838	481	38	-	-	SYM
cte-838	481	39	29	29	NUM
cte-838	481	40	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	481	41	2006	2006	NUM
cte-838	481	42	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	482	1	aaai	aaai	PROPN
cte-838	482	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	482	3	pp.16–21	pp.16–21	PROPN
cte-838	482	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	483	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	483	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	483	3	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	483	5	library	library	PROPN
cte-838	483	6	/	/	SYM
cte-838	483	7	symposia	symposia	NOUN
cte-838	483	8	/	/	SYM
cte-838	483	9	spring/2006	spring/2006	NOUN
cte-838	483	10	/	/	SYM
cte-838	483	11	ss06	ss06	PROPN
cte-838	483	12	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	483	13	05	05	NUM
cte-838	483	14	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	483	15	003.php	003.php	PROPN
cte-838	483	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	484	1	[	[	X
cte-838	484	2	15	15	NUM
cte-838	484	3	]	]	X
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cte-838	484	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	484	6	m.j	m.j	PROPN
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cte-838	484	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	484	9	2006	2006	NUM
cte-838	484	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	485	1	a	a	DET
cte-838	485	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
cte-838	485	3	between	between	ADP
cte-838	485	4	concept	concept	NOUN
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cte-838	485	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	485	7	mind	mind	NOUN
cte-838	485	8	maps	map	NOUN
cte-838	485	9	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	485	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	485	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	485	14	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	485	15	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
cte-838	485	16	as	as	ADP
cte-838	485	17	complementary	complementary	ADJ
cte-838	485	18	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	485	19	for	for	ADP
cte-838	485	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	485	21	construction	construction	NOUN
cte-838	485	22	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	485	23	sharing	sharing	NOUN
cte-838	485	24	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	486	2	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	486	3	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	486	4	5(3	5(3	NUM
cte-838	486	5	)	)	PUNCT
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cte-838	486	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	487	1	available	available	ADJ
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cte-838	487	3	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	487	5	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	489	1	on	on	ADP
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cte-838	489	4	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	489	12	in	in	ADP
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cte-838	490	1	in	in	ADP
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cte-838	490	9	k.	k.	PROPN
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cte-838	490	12	v.	v.	PROPN
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cte-838	490	22	.	.	NOUN
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cte-838	490	26	.	.	PROPN
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cte-838	490	38	on	on	ADP
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cte-838	490	41	(	(	PUNCT
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cte-838	490	43	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	490	44	ws	ws	NOUN
cte-838	490	45	2024	2024	NUM
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cte-838	490	51	the	the	DET
cte-838	490	52	40th	40th	ADJ
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cte-838	490	54	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	490	55	on	on	ADP
cte-838	490	56	logic	logic	NOUN
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cte-838	490	58	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	490	59	iclp	iclp	PROPN
cte-838	490	60	2024	2024	NUM
cte-838	490	61	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	490	62	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	490	66	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	490	68	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	490	75	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	491	6	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	491	16	https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/11/papers/431.pdf	https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/11/papers/431.pdf	PROPN
cte-838	491	17	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.208	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.208	PROPN
cte-838	491	18	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.208	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.208	PROPN
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cte-838	491	22	http://www.aaai.org/library/symposia/spring/2006/ss06-05-003.php	http://www.aaai.org/library/symposia/spring/2006/ss06-05-003.php	PROPN
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cte-838	491	24	cte	cte	PROPN
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cte-838	491	27	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	491	28	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	491	29	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	491	33	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	491	35	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	492	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
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cte-838	492	3	vol	vol	NOUN
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cte-838	492	5	3799	3799	NUM
cte-838	492	6	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	493	3	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	497	3	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	502	22	a.	a.	NOUN
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cte-838	502	24	2023	2023	NUM
cte-838	502	25	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	503	2	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	503	20	f.	f.	PROPN
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cte-838	503	24	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	503	26	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	504	12	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	504	14	.	.	NOUN
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cte-838	504	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	504	17	pp.386–392	pp.386–392	PROPN
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cte-838	504	21	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	504	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	505	1	1007/978	1007/978	NUM
cte-838	505	2	-	-	SYM
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cte-838	505	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	505	5	031	031	NUM
cte-838	505	6	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	505	7	35254	35254	NUM
cte-838	505	8	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	505	9	6_31	6_31	NUM
cte-838	505	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	506	1	[	[	X
cte-838	506	2	20	20	NUM
cte-838	506	3	]	]	X
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cte-838	506	8	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	506	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	507	1	general	general	ADJ
cte-838	507	2	game	game	NOUN
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cte-838	507	5	app	app	NOUN
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cte-838	507	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	508	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	508	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	508	3	j.	j.	PROPN
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cte-838	508	5	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	508	8	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	508	45	2024	2024	NUM
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cte-838	508	75	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	509	6	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	510	3	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	511	21	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	511	25	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	512	1	a	a	DET
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cte-838	513	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	513	2	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	518	2	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	521	13	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	521	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	522	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	522	2	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	522	13	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	524	1	1007/978	1007/978	NUM
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cte-838	524	8	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	525	14	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	525	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	525	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	525	18	2021	2021	NUM
cte-838	525	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	526	1	integrating	integrate	VERB
cte-838	526	2	k	k	ADJ
cte-838	526	3	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	526	4	means	means	NOUN
cte-838	526	5	clustering	cluster	VERB
cte-838	526	6	into	into	ADP
cte-838	526	7	automatic	automatic	ADJ
cte-838	526	8	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	526	9	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	526	10	tool	tool	NOUN
cte-838	526	11	for	for	ADP
cte-838	526	12	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	526	13	performance	performance	NOUN
cte-838	526	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cte-838	526	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	527	1	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
cte-838	527	2	journal	journal	PROPN
cte-838	527	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	527	4	electrical	electrical	ADJ
cte-838	527	5	engineering	engineering	NOUN
cte-838	527	6	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	527	7	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	527	8	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	527	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	527	10	22(3	22(3	NUM
cte-838	527	11	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	527	12	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	527	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	528	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	528	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	528	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	528	4	https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs	https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeec	NOUN
cte-838	528	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	529	1	v22.i3.pp1389	v22.i3.pp1389	NOUN
cte-838	529	2	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	529	3	1395	1395	NUM
cte-838	529	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	530	1	[	[	X
cte-838	530	2	25	25	NUM
cte-838	530	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	530	4	hynek	hynek	PROPN
cte-838	530	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	530	6	j.	j.	PROPN
cte-838	530	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	530	8	2018	2018	NUM
cte-838	530	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	531	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	531	2	role	role	NOUN
cte-838	531	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	531	4	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	531	5	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	531	6	in	in	ADP
cte-838	531	7	ict	ict	PROPN
cte-838	531	8	specialists	specialist	NOUN
cte-838	531	9	curricula	curricula	VERB
cte-838	531	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	532	1	2018	2018	NUM
cte-838	532	2	28th	28th	NOUN
cte-838	532	3	eaeeie	eaeeie	NOUN
cte-838	532	4	annual	annual	ADJ
cte-838	532	5	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	532	6	(	(	PUNCT
cte-838	532	7	eaeeie	eaeeie	PROPN
cte-838	532	8	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	532	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	533	1	pp.1–9	pp.1–9	PROPN
cte-838	533	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	534	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	534	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	534	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	534	4	https	https	NOUN
cte-838	534	5	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	534	6	//doi.org/10.1109	//doi.org/10.1109	VERB
cte-838	534	7	/	/	SYM
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cte-838	534	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	535	1	[	[	X
cte-838	535	2	26	26	NUM
cte-838	535	3	]	]	X
cte-838	535	4	ibarra	ibarra	NOUN
cte-838	535	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	535	6	torres	torre	NOUN
cte-838	535	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	535	8	f.	f.	PROPN
cte-838	535	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	535	10	caiza	caiza	NOUN
cte-838	535	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	535	12	g.	g.	PROPN
cte-838	535	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	535	14	garcía	garcía	PROPN
cte-838	535	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	535	16	m.v	m.v	PROPN
cte-838	535	17	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	535	18	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	535	19	barona	barona	PROPN
cte-838	535	20	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	535	21	pico	pico	NOUN
cte-838	535	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	535	23	v.	v.	ADV
cte-838	535	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	535	25	2024	2024	NUM
cte-838	535	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	536	1	use	use	NOUN
cte-838	536	2	of	of	ADP
cte-838	536	3	basic	basic	ADJ
cte-838	536	4	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	536	5	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	536	6	to	to	PART
cte-838	536	7	foster	foster	VERB
cte-838	536	8	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	536	9	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	536	10	in	in	ADP
cte-838	536	11	university	university	NOUN
cte-838	536	12	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	536	13	with	with	ADP
cte-838	536	14	school	school	NOUN
cte-838	536	15	preparation	preparation	NOUN
cte-838	536	16	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	536	17	than	than	ADP
cte-838	536	18	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	536	19	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	536	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	537	1	procedia	procedia	PROPN
cte-838	537	2	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	537	3	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	537	4	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	537	5	237	237	NUM
cte-838	537	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	537	7	pp.413–419	pp.413–419	PROPN
cte-838	537	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	538	1	international	international	ADJ
cte-838	538	2	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	538	3	on	on	ADP
cte-838	538	4	industry	industry	NOUN
cte-838	538	5	sciences	science	NOUN
cte-838	538	6	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	538	7	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	538	8	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	538	9	innovation	innovation	NOUN
cte-838	538	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	539	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	539	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	539	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	539	4	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05	ADJ
cte-838	539	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	540	1	421	421	NUM
cte-838	540	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	PROPN
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cte-838	540	4	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14309-0_4	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14309-0_4	X
cte-838	540	5	https://doi.org/10.1017/s1471068418000200	https://doi.org/10.1017/s1471068418000200	PROPN
cte-838	540	6	https://doi.org/10.1017/s1471068418000200	https://doi.org/10.1017/s1471068418000200	PROPN
cte-838	540	7	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35254-6_31	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35254-6_31	PROPN
cte-838	540	8	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35254-6_31	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35254-6_31	PROPN
cte-838	540	9	https://ceur-ws.org/vol-3799/short3peg2.0.pdf	https://ceur-ws.org/vol-3799/short3peg2.0.pdf	NOUN
cte-838	540	10	https://doi.org/10.4204/eptcs.364.2	https://doi.org/10.4204/eptcs.364.2	NOUN
cte-838	540	11	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74610-2_5	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74610-2_5	PUNCT
cte-838	540	12	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37651-1_6	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37651-1_6	NUM
cte-838	540	13	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37651-1_6	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37651-1_6	NUM
cte-838	540	14	https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i3.pp1389-1395	https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i3.pp1389-1395	PROPN
cte-838	540	15	https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i3.pp1389-1395	https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i3.pp1389-1395	PROPN
cte-838	540	16	https://doi.org/10.1109/eaeeie.2018.8534297	https://doi.org/10.1109/eaeeie.2018.8534297	PROPN
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cte-838	540	18	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05.122	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05.122	X
cte-838	540	19	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05.122	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05.122	NUM
cte-838	540	20	cte	cte	NOUN
cte-838	540	21	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	540	22	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	540	23	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	540	24	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	540	25	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	540	26	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	540	27	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	540	28	12	12	NUM
cte-838	540	29	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	540	30	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	540	31	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	541	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	541	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	541	3	122	122	NUM
cte-838	541	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	542	1	[	[	X
cte-838	542	2	27	27	NUM
cte-838	542	3	]	]	SYM
cte-838	542	4	jones	jones	PROPN
cte-838	542	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	542	6	n.d	n.d	PROPN
cte-838	542	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	542	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	542	9	azzam	azzam	PROPN
cte-838	542	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	542	11	t.	t.	PROPN
cte-838	542	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	542	13	wanzer	wanzer	PROPN
cte-838	542	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	542	15	d.l	d.l	PROPN
cte-838	542	16	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	542	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	542	18	skousen	skousen	PROPN
cte-838	542	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	542	20	d.	d.	PROPN
cte-838	542	21	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	542	22	knight	knight	NOUN
cte-838	542	23	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	542	24	c.	c.	PROPN
cte-838	542	25	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	542	26	sabarre	sabarre	PROPN
cte-838	542	27	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	542	28	n.	n.	NOUN
cte-838	542	29	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	542	30	2020	2020	NUM
cte-838	542	31	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	542	32	enhancing	enhance	VERB
cte-838	542	33	the	the	DET
cte-838	542	34	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	542	35	of	of	ADP
cte-838	542	36	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	542	37	models	model	NOUN
cte-838	542	38	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	543	1	american	american	ADJ
cte-838	543	2	journal	journal	PROPN
cte-838	543	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	543	4	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cte-838	543	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	543	6	41(3	41(3	NUM
cte-838	543	7	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	543	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	543	9	pp.452–470	pp.452–470	PROPN
cte-838	543	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	544	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	544	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	544	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	544	4	https://doi.org/10.1177/	https://doi.org/10.1177/	PROPN
cte-838	544	5	1098214018824417	1098214018824417	NUM
cte-838	544	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	545	1	[	[	X
cte-838	545	2	28	28	NUM
cte-838	545	3	]	]	X
cte-838	545	4	kerdprasop	kerdprasop	PROPN
cte-838	545	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	545	6	n.	n.	PROPN
cte-838	545	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	545	8	kerdprasop	kerdprasop	PROPN
cte-838	545	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	545	10	k.	k.	PROPN
cte-838	545	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	545	12	2011	2011	NUM
cte-838	545	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	546	1	frequent	frequent	ADJ
cte-838	546	2	pattern	pattern	NOUN
cte-838	546	3	discovery	discovery	NOUN
cte-838	546	4	with	with	ADP
cte-838	546	5	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	546	6	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	546	7	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	546	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	547	1	international	international	ADJ
cte-838	547	2	journal	journal	PROPN
cte-838	547	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	547	4	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
cte-838	547	5	models	model	NOUN
cte-838	547	6	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	547	7	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	547	8	in	in	ADP
cte-838	547	9	applied	applied	ADJ
cte-838	547	10	sciences	science	NOUN
cte-838	547	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	547	12	5(8	5(8	NUM
cte-838	547	13	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	547	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	547	15	pp.1345–1353	pp.1345–1353	PROPN
cte-838	547	16	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	547	17	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	547	18	from	from	ADP
cte-838	547	19	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	547	20	https	https	NOUN
cte-838	547	21	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	547	23	/	/	SYM
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cte-838	547	25	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	548	1	[	[	X
cte-838	548	2	29	29	NUM
cte-838	548	3	]	]	SYM
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cte-838	548	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	548	6	a.d	a.d	PROPN
cte-838	548	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	548	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	548	9	sauer	sauer	PROPN
cte-838	548	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	548	11	c.s	c.s	PROPN
cte-838	548	12	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	548	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	548	14	fotaris	fotaris	PROPN
cte-838	548	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	548	16	p.	p.	NOUN
cte-838	548	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	548	18	2016	2016	NUM
cte-838	548	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	548	20	practice	practice	NOUN
cte-838	548	21	makes	make	VERB
cte-838	548	22	perfect	perfect	ADJ
cte-838	548	23	gamification	gamification	NOUN
cte-838	548	24	of	of	ADP
cte-838	548	25	a	a	DET
cte-838	548	26	competitive	competitive	ADJ
cte-838	548	27	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	548	28	experience	experience	NOUN
cte-838	548	29	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	549	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	549	2	of	of	ADP
cte-838	549	3	the	the	DET
cte-838	549	4	european	european	PROPN
cte-838	549	5	conference	conference	PROPN
cte-838	549	6	on	on	ADP
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cte-838	549	8	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	549	9	based	base	VERB
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cte-838	550	2	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	550	5	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	550	6	https://www	https://www	PROPN
cte-838	550	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	550	8	researchgate.net/publication/309034354	researchgate.net/publication/309034354	PROPN
cte-838	550	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	551	1	[	[	X
cte-838	551	2	30	30	NUM
cte-838	551	3	]	]	X
cte-838	551	4	körner	körner	NOUN
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cte-838	551	9	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	551	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	551	14	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	551	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	551	16	2021	2021	NUM
cte-838	551	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	552	1	on	on	ADP
cte-838	552	2	the	the	DET
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cte-838	552	4	of	of	ADP
cte-838	552	5	bytecode	bytecode	NOUN
cte-838	552	6	interpreters	interpreter	NOUN
cte-838	552	7	in	in	ADP
cte-838	552	8	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	552	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	553	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	553	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	553	3	m.	m.	NOUN
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cte-838	553	6	c.	c.	PROPN
cte-838	553	7	sacerdoti	sacerdoti	PROPN
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cte-838	553	15	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	553	16	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	553	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	554	1	cham	cham	PROPN
cte-838	554	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	554	3	springer	springer	NOUN
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cte-838	554	5	publishing	publishing	NOUN
cte-838	554	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	554	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	554	8	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	554	9	12560	12560	NUM
cte-838	554	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	554	11	pp.41–56	pp.41–56	NOUN
cte-838	554	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	555	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	555	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	555	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	555	4	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75333-7	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75333-7	PROPN
cte-838	555	5	_	_	NOUN
cte-838	555	6	3	3	X
cte-838	555	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	556	1	[	[	X
cte-838	556	2	31	31	NUM
cte-838	556	3	]	]	SYM
cte-838	556	4	kowalski	kowalski	PROPN
cte-838	556	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	556	6	r.	r.	PROPN
cte-838	556	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	556	8	2013	2013	NUM
cte-838	556	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	557	1	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	557	2	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	557	3	in	in	ADP
cte-838	557	4	the	the	DET
cte-838	557	5	1970s	1970	NOUN
cte-838	557	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	558	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	558	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	558	3	p.	p.	NOUN
cte-838	558	4	cabalar	cabalar	NOUN
cte-838	558	5	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	558	6	t.c	t.c	PROPN
cte-838	558	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	558	8	son	son	PROPN
cte-838	558	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	558	10	eds	eds	PROPN
cte-838	558	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	558	12	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	558	13	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	558	14	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	558	15	nonmonotonic	nonmonotonic	ADJ
cte-838	558	16	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cte-838	558	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	559	1	berlin	berlin	PROPN
cte-838	559	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	559	3	heidelberg	heidelberg	PROPN
cte-838	559	4	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	559	5	springer	springer	PROPN
cte-838	559	6	berlin	berlin	PROPN
cte-838	559	7	heidelberg	heidelberg	PROPN
cte-838	559	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	559	9	lecture	lecture	NOUN
cte-838	559	10	notes	note	NOUN
cte-838	559	11	in	in	ADP
cte-838	559	12	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	559	13	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	559	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	559	15	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	559	16	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	559	17	8148	8148	NUM
cte-838	559	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	559	19	pp.11	pp.11	NOUN
cte-838	559	20	–	–	PUNCT
cte-838	559	21	22	22	NUM
cte-838	559	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	559	23	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	559	24	from	from	ADP
cte-838	559	25	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	559	26	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40564-8_2	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40564-8_2	X
cte-838	559	27	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	560	1	[	[	X
cte-838	560	2	32	32	NUM
cte-838	560	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	560	4	krugel	krugel	NOUN
cte-838	560	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	560	6	j.	j.	PROPN
cte-838	560	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	560	8	hubwieser	hubwieser	NOUN
cte-838	560	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	560	10	p.	p.	NOUN
cte-838	560	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	560	12	2020	2020	NUM
cte-838	560	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	560	14	web	web	NOUN
cte-838	560	15	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	560	16	based	base	VERB
cte-838	560	17	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	560	18	in	in	ADP
cte-838	560	19	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	560	20	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	560	21	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	560	22	insights	insight	NOUN
cte-838	560	23	into	into	ADP
cte-838	560	24	progress	progress	NOUN
cte-838	560	25	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	560	26	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	560	27	of	of	ADP
cte-838	560	28	learners	learner	NOUN
cte-838	560	29	in	in	ADP
cte-838	560	30	moocs	mooc	NOUN
cte-838	560	31	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	561	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	561	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	561	3	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	561	4	giannakos	giannakos	PROPN
cte-838	561	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	561	6	ed	ed	NOUN
cte-838	561	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	562	1	non	non	ADJ
cte-838	562	2	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	562	3	formal	formal	ADJ
cte-838	562	4	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	562	5	informal	informal	ADJ
cte-838	562	6	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	562	7	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	562	8	in	in	ADP
cte-838	562	9	the	the	DET
cte-838	562	10	ict	ict	PROPN
cte-838	562	11	era	era	NOUN
cte-838	562	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	563	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cte-838	563	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	563	3	springer	springer	PROPN
cte-838	563	4	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cte-838	563	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	563	6	lecture	lecture	NOUN
cte-838	563	7	notes	note	NOUN
cte-838	563	8	in	in	ADP
cte-838	563	9	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	563	10	technology	technology	NOUN
cte-838	563	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	563	12	pp.51–79	pp.51–79	ADV
cte-838	563	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	564	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	564	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	564	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	564	4	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6747-6_4	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6747-6_4	PROPN
cte-838	564	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	565	1	[	[	X
cte-838	565	2	33	33	NUM
cte-838	565	3	]	]	SYM
cte-838	565	4	lape	lape	NOUN
cte-838	565	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	565	6	n.k	n.k	PROPN
cte-838	565	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	565	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	565	9	2011	2011	NUM
cte-838	565	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	565	11	tiered	tiere	VERB
cte-838	565	12	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	565	13	of	of	ADP
cte-838	565	14	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	565	15	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	565	16	based	base	VERB
cte-838	565	17	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	565	18	techniques	technique	NOUN
cte-838	565	19	in	in	ADP
cte-838	565	20	a	a	DET
cte-838	565	21	thermodynamics	thermodynamic	NOUN
cte-838	565	22	course	course	NOUN
cte-838	565	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	566	1	2011	2011	NUM
cte-838	566	2	asee	asee	PROPN
cte-838	566	3	annual	annual	ADJ
cte-838	566	4	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	566	5	&	&	CCONJ
cte-838	566	6	exposition	exposition	PROPN
cte-838	566	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	567	1	vancouver	vancouver	PROPN
cte-838	567	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	567	3	bc	bc	PROPN
cte-838	567	4	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	567	5	asee	asee	NOUN
cte-838	567	6	conferences	conference	NOUN
cte-838	567	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	568	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	568	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	568	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	568	4	https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--18365	https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--18365	NOUN
cte-838	568	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	569	1	[	[	X
cte-838	569	2	34	34	NUM
cte-838	569	3	]	]	SYM
cte-838	569	4	le	le	X
cte-838	569	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	569	6	n.t	n.t	PROPN
cte-838	569	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	569	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	569	9	2005	2005	NUM
cte-838	569	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	570	1	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cte-838	570	2	of	of	ADP
cte-838	570	3	a	a	DET
cte-838	570	4	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	570	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	570	6	based	base	VERB
cte-838	570	7	error	error	NOUN
cte-838	570	8	diagnosis	diagnosis	NOUN
cte-838	570	9	system	system	NOUN
cte-838	570	10	for	for	ADP
cte-838	570	11	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	570	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	570	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	571	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	571	2	of	of	ADP
cte-838	571	3	the	the	DET
cte-838	571	4	2005	2005	NUM
cte-838	571	5	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	571	6	on	on	ADP
cte-838	571	7	towards	towards	ADP
cte-838	571	8	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
cte-838	571	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	571	10	scalable	scalable	ADJ
cte-838	571	11	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	571	12	innovations	innovation	NOUN
cte-838	571	13	informed	inform	VERB
cte-838	571	14	by	by	ADP
cte-838	571	15	the	the	DET
cte-838	571	16	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	571	17	sciences	science	NOUN
cte-838	571	18	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	571	19	sharing	share	VERB
cte-838	571	20	good	good	ADJ
cte-838	571	21	practices	practice	NOUN
cte-838	571	22	of	of	ADP
cte-838	571	23	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	571	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	571	25	experimentation	experimentation	NOUN
cte-838	571	26	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	571	27	innovation	innovation	NOUN
cte-838	571	28	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	572	1	nld	nld	NOUN
cte-838	572	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	572	3	ios	ios	PROPN
cte-838	572	4	press	press	NOUN
cte-838	572	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	572	6	p.965–966	p.965–966	PROPN
cte-838	572	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	572	8	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	572	9	from	from	ADP
cte-838	572	10	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	572	11	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221319184	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221319184	NOUN
cte-838	572	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	573	1	[	[	X
cte-838	573	2	35	35	NUM
cte-838	573	3	]	]	X
cte-838	573	4	ligeza	ligeza	PROPN
cte-838	573	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	573	6	a.	a.	NOUN
cte-838	573	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	573	8	2006	2006	NUM
cte-838	573	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	573	10	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	573	11	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	573	12	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	573	13	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	573	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	574	1	logical	logical	ADJ
cte-838	574	2	foundations	foundation	NOUN
cte-838	574	3	for	for	ADP
cte-838	574	4	rulebased	rulebased	ADJ
cte-838	574	5	systems	system	NOUN
cte-838	574	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	575	1	2nd	2nd	ADJ
cte-838	575	2	ed	ed	NOUN
cte-838	575	3	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	576	1	berlin	berlin	PROPN
cte-838	576	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	576	3	heidelberg	heidelberg	PROPN
cte-838	576	4	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	576	5	springer	springer	PROPN
cte-838	576	6	berlin	berlin	PROPN
cte-838	576	7	heidelberg	heidelberg	PROPN
cte-838	576	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	576	9	studies	study	NOUN
cte-838	576	10	in	in	ADP
cte-838	576	11	computational	computational	ADJ
cte-838	576	12	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	576	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	576	14	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	576	15	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	576	16	11	11	NUM
cte-838	576	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	576	18	pp.173–188	pp.173–188	ADJ
cte-838	576	19	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	576	20	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	576	21	from	from	ADP
cte-838	576	22	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	576	23	https://doi	https://doi	PROPN
cte-838	576	24	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	577	1	org/10.1007/3	org/10.1007/3	NUM
cte-838	577	2	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	577	3	540	540	NUM
cte-838	577	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	577	5	32446	32446	NUM
cte-838	577	6	-	-	SYM
cte-838	577	7	1_11	1_11	NUM
cte-838	577	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	578	1	[	[	X
cte-838	578	2	36	36	NUM
cte-838	578	3	]	]	SYM
cte-838	578	4	loboda	loboda	PROPN
cte-838	578	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	578	6	t.d	t.d	PROPN
cte-838	578	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	578	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	578	9	brusilovsky	brusilovsky	ADV
cte-838	578	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	578	11	p.	p.	NOUN
cte-838	578	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	578	13	2010	2010	NUM
cte-838	578	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	579	1	user	user	NOUN
cte-838	579	2	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	579	3	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
cte-838	579	4	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
cte-838	579	5	program	program	NOUN
cte-838	579	6	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	579	7	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	579	8	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cte-838	579	9	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	579	10	insights	insight	NOUN
cte-838	579	11	from	from	ADP
cte-838	579	12	eye	eye	NOUN
cte-838	579	13	movements	movement	NOUN
cte-838	579	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	580	1	user	user	NOUN
cte-838	580	2	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	580	3	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	580	4	user	user	NOUN
cte-838	580	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	580	6	adapted	adapt	VERB
cte-838	580	7	interaction	interaction	NOUN
cte-838	580	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	580	9	20(3	20(3	NOUN
cte-838	580	10	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	580	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	580	12	pp.191–226	pp.191–226	PROPN
cte-838	580	13	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	580	14	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	580	15	from	from	ADP
cte-838	580	16	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	580	17	https://doi.org/10	https://doi.org/10	PROPN
cte-838	580	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	581	1	1007	1007	NUM
cte-838	581	2	/	/	SYM
cte-838	581	3	s11257	s11257	PROPN
cte-838	581	4	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	581	5	010	010	NUM
cte-838	581	6	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	581	7	9077	9077	NUM
cte-838	581	8	-	-	SYM
cte-838	581	9	1	1	NUM
cte-838	581	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	582	1	[	[	X
cte-838	582	2	37	37	NUM
cte-838	582	3	]	]	X
cte-838	582	4	lovrencic	lovrencic	NOUN
cte-838	582	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	582	6	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	582	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	582	8	sekovanic	sekovanic	ADJ
cte-838	582	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	582	10	v.	v.	ADP
cte-838	582	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	582	12	2023	2023	NUM
cte-838	582	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	583	1	how	how	SCONJ
cte-838	583	2	well	well	ADV
cte-838	583	3	students	student	NOUN
cte-838	583	4	perceive	perceive	VERB
cte-838	583	5	their	their	PRON
cte-838	583	6	understanding	understanding	NOUN
cte-838	583	7	of	of	ADP
cte-838	583	8	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	583	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	583	10	course	course	NOUN
cte-838	583	11	content	content	NOUN
cte-838	583	12	?	?	PUNCT
cte-838	584	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	584	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	584	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cte-838	584	4	cisic	cisic	PROPN
cte-838	584	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	6	n.	n.	NOUN
cte-838	584	7	vrcek	vrcek	NOUN
cte-838	584	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	9	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	584	10	koricic	koricic	PROPN
cte-838	584	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	12	v.	v.	PROPN
cte-838	584	13	gradisnik	gradisnik	PROPN
cte-838	584	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	15	k.	k.	PROPN
cte-838	584	16	skala	skala	PROPN
cte-838	584	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	18	z.	z.	PROPN
cte-838	584	19	car	car	PROPN
cte-838	584	20	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	21	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	584	22	cicin	cicin	NOUN
cte-838	584	23	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	584	24	sain	sain	PROPN
cte-838	584	25	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	26	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	584	27	babic	babic	PROPN
cte-838	584	28	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	29	v.	v.	ADP
cte-838	584	30	sruk	sruk	ADJ
cte-838	584	31	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	32	d.	d.	PROPN
cte-838	584	33	skvorc	skvorc	PROPN
cte-838	584	34	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	35	a.	a.	NOUN
cte-838	584	36	jovic	jovic	PROPN
cte-838	584	37	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	38	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	584	39	gros	gros	PROPN
cte-838	584	40	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	41	b.	b.	PROPN
cte-838	584	42	vrdoljak	vrdoljak	PROPN
cte-838	584	43	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	44	e.	e.	PROPN
cte-838	584	45	tijan	tijan	PROPN
cte-838	584	46	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	47	t.	t.	PROPN
cte-838	584	48	katulic	katulic	PROPN
cte-838	584	49	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	50	j.	j.	PROPN
cte-838	584	51	petrovic	petrovic	PROPN
cte-838	584	52	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	53	t.g	t.g	PROPN
cte-838	584	54	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	584	55	grbac	grbac	PROPN
cte-838	584	56	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	584	57	l.	l.	PROPN
cte-838	584	58	bozicevic	bozicevic	PROPN
cte-838	584	59	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	60	eds	ed	NOUN
cte-838	584	61	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	584	62	46th	46th	ADJ
cte-838	584	63	mipro	mipro	ADJ
cte-838	584	64	ict	ict	PROPN
cte-838	584	65	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	584	66	electronics	electronic	NOUN
cte-838	584	67	convention	convention	NOUN
cte-838	584	68	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	69	mipro	mipro	PRON
cte-838	584	70	2023	2023	NUM
cte-838	584	71	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	72	opatija	opatija	NOUN
cte-838	584	73	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	74	croatia	croatia	PROPN
cte-838	584	75	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	76	may	may	AUX
cte-838	584	77	22	22	NUM
cte-838	584	78	-	-	SYM
cte-838	584	79	26	26	NUM
cte-838	584	80	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	584	81	2023	2023	NUM
cte-838	584	82	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	585	1	ieee	ieee	PROPN
cte-838	585	2	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	585	3	pp.824–828	pp.824–828	PROPN
cte-838	585	4	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	585	5	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	585	6	from	from	ADP
cte-838	585	7	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	585	8	https://doi.org/10.23919/mipro57284.2023.10159945	https://doi.org/10.23919/mipro57284.2023.10159945	ADJ
cte-838	585	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	586	1	[	[	X
cte-838	586	2	38	38	NUM
cte-838	586	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	586	4	malandrino	malandrino	NOUN
cte-838	586	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	586	6	d.	d.	PROPN
cte-838	586	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	586	8	guarino	guarino	PROPN
cte-838	586	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	586	10	a.	a.	NOUN
cte-838	586	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	586	12	lettieri	lettieri	ADJ
cte-838	586	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	586	14	n.	n.	NOUN
cte-838	586	15	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	586	16	zaccagnino	zaccagnino	PROPN
cte-838	586	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	586	18	r.	r.	PROPN
cte-838	586	19	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	586	20	2019	2019	NUM
cte-838	586	21	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	587	1	on	on	ADP
cte-838	587	2	the	the	DET
cte-838	587	3	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	587	4	of	of	ADP
cte-838	587	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	587	6	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	587	7	a	a	DET
cte-838	587	8	diagrammatic	diagrammatic	ADJ
cte-838	587	9	language	language	NOUN
cte-838	587	10	based	base	VERB
cte-838	587	11	on	on	ADP
cte-838	587	12	spatial	spatial	ADJ
cte-838	587	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	587	14	graphical	graphical	ADJ
cte-838	587	15	422	422	NUM
cte-838	587	16	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05.122	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05.122	NOUN
cte-838	587	17	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05.122	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05.122	NUM
cte-838	587	18	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	587	19	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05.122	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05.122	NOUN
cte-838	587	20	https://doi.org/10.1177/1098214018824417	https://doi.org/10.1177/1098214018824417	ADV
cte-838	587	21	https://doi.org/10.1177/1098214018824417	https://doi.org/10.1177/1098214018824417	PRON
cte-838	587	22	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286164687	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286164687	NOUN
cte-838	587	23	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286164687	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286164687	NOUN
cte-838	587	24	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309034354	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309034354	VERB
cte-838	587	25	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309034354	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309034354	NOUN
cte-838	587	26	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75333-7_3	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75333-7_3	ADV
cte-838	587	27	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75333-7_3	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75333-7_3	NUM
cte-838	587	28	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40564-8_2	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40564-8_2	PUNCT
cte-838	588	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6747-6_4	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6747-6_4	PROPN
cte-838	588	2	https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--18365	https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--18365	NOUN
cte-838	588	3	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221319184	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221319184	VERB
cte-838	588	4	https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32446-1_11	https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32446-1_11	PROPN
cte-838	588	5	https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32446-1_11	https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32446-1_11	PROPN
cte-838	588	6	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11257-010-9077-1	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11257-010-9077-1	PROPN
cte-838	588	7	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11257-010-9077-1	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11257-010-9077-1	NUM
cte-838	588	8	https://doi.org/10.23919/mipro57284.2023.10159945	https://doi.org/10.23919/mipro57284.2023.10159945	PROPN
cte-838	588	9	cte	cte	PROPN
cte-838	588	10	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	588	11	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	588	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	588	13	2025	2025	NUM
cte-838	588	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	588	15	vol	vol	NOUN
cte-838	588	16	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	588	17	12	12	NUM
cte-838	588	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	588	19	pp	pp	ADJ
cte-838	588	20	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	589	1	399–425	399–425	NUM
cte-838	589	2	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.838	NOUN
cte-838	589	3	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	589	4	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
cte-838	589	5	notations	notation	NOUN
cte-838	589	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	590	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	590	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	590	3	e.	e.	PROPN
cte-838	590	4	banissi	banissi	PROPN
cte-838	590	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	6	a.	a.	NOUN
cte-838	590	7	ursyn	ursyn	PROPN
cte-838	590	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	9	m.w.m	m.w.m	NOUN
cte-838	590	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	590	11	bannatyne	bannatyne	PROPN
cte-838	590	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	13	n.	n.	PROPN
cte-838	590	14	datia	datia	PROPN
cte-838	590	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	16	r.	r.	PROPN
cte-838	590	17	francese	francese	PROPN
cte-838	590	18	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	19	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	590	20	sarfraz	sarfraz	PROPN
cte-838	590	21	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	22	t.g	t.g	PROPN
cte-838	590	23	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	590	24	wyeld	wyeld	PROPN
cte-838	590	25	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	26	f.	f.	PROPN
cte-838	590	27	bouali	bouali	PROPN
cte-838	590	28	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	29	g.	g.	PROPN
cte-838	590	30	venturini	venturini	PROPN
cte-838	590	31	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	32	h.	h.	PROPN
cte-838	590	33	azzag	azzag	PROPN
cte-838	590	34	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	35	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	590	36	lebbah	lebbah	PROPN
cte-838	590	37	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	38	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	590	39	trutschl	trutschl	PROPN
cte-838	590	40	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	41	u.	u.	PROPN
cte-838	590	42	cvek	cvek	PROPN
cte-838	590	43	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	44	h.	h.	PROPN
cte-838	590	45	müller	müller	PROPN
cte-838	590	46	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	47	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	590	48	nakayama	nakayama	PROPN
cte-838	590	49	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	50	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	590	51	kernbach	kernbach	PROPN
cte-838	590	52	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	53	l.	l.	PROPN
cte-838	590	54	caruccio	caruccio	PROPN
cte-838	590	55	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	56	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	590	57	risi	risi	PROPN
cte-838	590	58	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	59	u.	u.	PROPN
cte-838	590	60	erra	erra	PROPN
cte-838	590	61	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	62	a.	a.	NOUN
cte-838	590	63	vitiello	vitiello	PROPN
cte-838	590	64	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	590	65	v.	v.	ADP
cte-838	590	66	rossano	rossano	NOUN
cte-838	590	67	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	68	eds	ed	NOUN
cte-838	590	69	.	.	NOUN
cte-838	590	70	23rd	23rd	ADJ
cte-838	590	71	international	international	ADJ
cte-838	590	72	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	590	73	on	on	ADP
cte-838	590	74	information	information	NOUN
cte-838	590	75	visualisation	visualisation	NOUN
cte-838	590	76	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	77	iv	iv	NUM
cte-838	590	78	2019	2019	NUM
cte-838	590	79	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	80	paris	paris	PROPN
cte-838	590	81	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	82	france	france	PROPN
cte-838	590	83	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	84	july	july	PROPN
cte-838	590	85	2	2	NUM
cte-838	590	86	-	-	SYM
cte-838	590	87	5	5	NUM
cte-838	590	88	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	89	2019	2019	NUM
cte-838	590	90	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	91	part	part	NOUN
cte-838	590	92	i.	i.	PROPN
cte-838	590	93	ieee	ieee	PROPN
cte-838	590	94	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	590	95	pp.7–12	pp.7–12	NOUN
cte-838	590	96	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	590	97	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	590	98	from	from	ADP
cte-838	590	99	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	590	100	https://doi.org/10.1109/iv.2019.00011	https://doi.org/10.1109/iv.2019.00011	ADJ
cte-838	590	101	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	591	1	[	[	X
cte-838	591	2	39	39	NUM
cte-838	591	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	591	4	marcopoulos	marcopoulos	PROPN
cte-838	591	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	591	6	e.	e.	PROPN
cte-838	591	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	591	8	zhang	zhang	PROPN
cte-838	591	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	591	10	y.	y.	PROPN
cte-838	591	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	591	12	2019	2019	NUM
cte-838	591	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	592	1	onlinesparc	onlinesparc	NOUN
cte-838	592	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	592	3	a	a	DET
cte-838	592	4	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	592	5	environment	environment	NOUN
cte-838	592	6	for	for	ADP
cte-838	592	7	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	592	8	set	set	VERB
cte-838	592	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	592	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	593	1	theory	theory	NOUN
cte-838	593	2	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	593	3	practice	practice	NOUN
cte-838	593	4	of	of	ADP
cte-838	593	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	593	6	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	593	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	593	8	19(2	19(2	NUM
cte-838	593	9	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	593	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	593	11	pp.262–289	pp.262–289	PROPN
cte-838	593	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	593	13	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	593	14	from	from	ADP
cte-838	593	15	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	593	16	https://doi.org/10.1017/s1471068418000509	https://doi.org/10.1017/s1471068418000509	NUM
cte-838	593	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	594	1	[	[	X
cte-838	594	2	40	40	NUM
cte-838	594	3	]	]	X
cte-838	594	4	miranda	miranda	PROPN
cte-838	594	5	júnior	júnior	PROPN
cte-838	594	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	594	7	a.	a.	PROPN
cte-838	594	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	594	9	oliveira	oliveira	PROPN
cte-838	594	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	594	11	o.c	o.c	PROPN
cte-838	594	12	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	594	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	594	14	mistris	mistris	PROPN
cte-838	594	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	594	16	a.	a.	NOUN
cte-838	594	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	594	18	2018	2018	NUM
cte-838	594	19	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	595	1	cetecop	cetecop	VERB
cte-838	595	2	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
cte-838	595	3	framework	framework	NOUN
cte-838	595	4	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
cte-838	595	5	for	for	ADP
cte-838	595	6	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	595	7	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	595	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	595	9	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	595	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	596	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	596	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	596	3	p.	p.	NOUN
cte-838	596	4	isaías	isaías	PROPN
cte-838	596	5	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	596	6	h.	h.	PROPN
cte-838	596	7	weghorn	weghorn	PROPN
cte-838	596	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	596	9	eds	ed	NOUN
cte-838	596	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	596	11	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	596	12	of	of	ADP
cte-838	596	13	the	the	DET
cte-838	596	14	international	international	ADJ
cte-838	596	15	conferences	conference	NOUN
cte-838	596	16	on	on	ADP
cte-838	596	17	www	www	PROPN
cte-838	596	18	/	/	SYM
cte-838	596	19	internet	internet	NOUN
cte-838	596	20	2018	2018	NUM
cte-838	596	21	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	596	22	applied	apply	VERB
cte-838	596	23	computing	compute	VERB
cte-838	596	24	2018	2018	NUM
cte-838	596	25	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	597	1	pp.59–66	pp.59–66	PROPN
cte-838	597	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	598	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	598	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	598	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	598	4	https://tinyurl.com/4tkd9rdm	https://tinyurl.com/4tkd9rdm	X
cte-838	598	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	599	1	[	[	X
cte-838	599	2	41	41	NUM
cte-838	599	3	]	]	SYM
cte-838	599	4	msweli	msweli	PROPN
cte-838	599	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	599	6	n.t	n.t	PROPN
cte-838	599	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	599	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	599	9	mawela	mawela	PROPN
cte-838	599	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	599	11	t.	t.	PROPN
cte-838	599	12	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	599	13	twinomurinzi	twinomurinzi	PROPN
cte-838	599	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	599	15	h.	h.	PROPN
cte-838	599	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	599	17	2023	2023	NUM
cte-838	599	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	600	1	transdisciplinary	transdisciplinary	ADJ
cte-838	600	2	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	600	3	practices	practice	NOUN
cte-838	600	4	for	for	ADP
cte-838	600	5	data	datum	NOUN
cte-838	600	6	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	600	7	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	600	8	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	600	9	a	a	DET
cte-838	600	10	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cte-838	600	11	framework	framework	NOUN
cte-838	600	12	for	for	ADP
cte-838	600	13	integrating	integrate	VERB
cte-838	600	14	disciplines	discipline	NOUN
cte-838	600	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	601	1	social	social	ADJ
cte-838	601	2	sciences	sciences	PROPN
cte-838	601	3	&	&	CCONJ
cte-838	601	4	humanities	humanity	NOUN
cte-838	601	5	open	open	VERB
cte-838	601	6	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	601	7	8(1	8(1	NOUN
cte-838	601	8	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	601	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	601	10	p.100628	p.100628	NOUN
cte-838	601	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	602	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	602	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	602	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	602	4	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100628	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100628	PROPN
cte-838	602	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	603	1	[	[	X
cte-838	603	2	42	42	NUM
cte-838	603	3	]	]	PUNCT
cte-838	603	4	nipyrakis	nipyraki	NOUN
cte-838	603	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	603	6	a.	a.	NOUN
cte-838	603	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	603	8	stavrou	stavrou	PROPN
cte-838	603	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	603	10	d.	d.	PROPN
cte-838	603	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	603	12	2022	2022	NUM
cte-838	603	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	604	1	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	604	2	of	of	ADP
cte-838	604	3	ict	ict	PROPN
cte-838	604	4	in	in	ADP
cte-838	604	5	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	604	6	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	604	7	laboratories	laboratory	NOUN
cte-838	604	8	by	by	ADP
cte-838	604	9	primary	primary	ADJ
cte-838	604	10	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	604	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
cte-838	604	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	605	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	605	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	605	3	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	605	4	papadakis	papadakis	PROPN
cte-838	605	5	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	605	6	m.	m.	PROPN
cte-838	605	7	kalogiannakis	kalogiannakis	PROPN
cte-838	605	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	605	9	eds	ed	NOUN
cte-838	605	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	605	11	stem	stem	NOUN
cte-838	605	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	605	13	robotics	robotic	NOUN
cte-838	605	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	605	15	mobile	mobile	ADJ
cte-838	605	16	apps	app	NOUN
cte-838	605	17	in	in	ADP
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cte-838	605	21	primary	primary	ADJ
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cte-838	605	23	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	605	24	technology	technology	NOUN
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cte-838	605	26	promote	promote	VERB
cte-838	605	27	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	605	28	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	605	29	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	605	30	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	606	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cte-838	606	2	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	606	3	springer	springer	NOUN
cte-838	606	4	nature	nature	PROPN
cte-838	606	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cte-838	606	6	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	606	8	notes	note	NOUN
cte-838	606	9	in	in	ADP
cte-838	606	10	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	606	11	technology	technology	NOUN
cte-838	606	12	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	606	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	607	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	607	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	607	3	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	607	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	608	1	[	[	X
cte-838	608	2	43	43	NUM
cte-838	608	3	]	]	X
cte-838	608	4	oprea	oprea	PROPN
cte-838	608	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	608	6	m.	m.	NOUN
cte-838	608	7	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	608	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	609	1	onto	onto	ADP
cte-838	609	2	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	609	4	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	609	8	for	for	ADP
cte-838	609	9	declarative	declarative	ADJ
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cte-838	610	5	international	international	ADJ
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cte-838	611	1	bucharest	bucharest	PROPN
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cte-838	611	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	612	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	612	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	612	3	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	612	5	430216179	430216179	NUM
cte-838	612	6	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	612	8	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	612	9	of	of	ADP
cte-838	612	10	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	612	14	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	612	16	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	613	2	44	44	NUM
cte-838	613	3	]	]	SYM
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cte-838	619	2	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	620	9	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	626	8	)	)	PUNCT
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cte-838	637	5	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	638	3	]	]	PUNCT
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cte-838	639	6	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	640	9	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	641	7	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	641	9	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	642	3	]	]	X
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cte-838	642	5	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	642	7	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	642	11	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	643	2	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	644	7	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	644	9	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	645	11	(	(	PUNCT
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cte-838	645	15	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	646	3	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	646	5	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	647	13	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	649	5	32(2	32(2	NUM
cte-838	649	6	)	)	PUNCT
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cte-838	650	5	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	650	9	/	/	SYM
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cte-838	650	11	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	650	13	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	650	15	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	652	10	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	652	17	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	654	16	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	655	5	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	658	51	the	the	DET
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cte-838	660	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	661	1	[	[	X
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cte-838	661	13	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	661	15	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	662	9	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	662	18	-	-	SYM
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cte-838	662	20	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	662	22	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	663	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
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cte-838	663	7	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	663	9	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	664	3	]	]	X
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cte-838	664	5	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	664	7	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	664	9	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	665	1	teaching	teach	VERB
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cte-838	665	6	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	666	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	666	2	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	666	4	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	666	6	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	667	5	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	668	2	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	668	8	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	668	22	from	from	ADP
cte-838	668	23	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	668	28	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	668	30	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	668	32	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	668	34	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	669	1	[	[	X
cte-838	669	2	57	57	NUM
cte-838	669	3	]	]	SYM
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cte-838	669	5	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	669	13	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	670	23	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	671	6	)	)	PUNCT
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cte-838	671	9	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	674	1	a	a	DET
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cte-838	674	3	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	674	8	-	-	ADJ
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cte-838	675	2	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	675	8	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	677	3	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	677	6	-	-	SYM
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cte-838	677	8	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	677	9	030	030	NUM
cte-838	677	10	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	677	12	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	677	14	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	683	7	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	683	9	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	683	13	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	683	15	-	-	SYM
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cte-838	688	6	https	https	NOUN
cte-838	688	7	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	688	8	//doi.org/10.1111	//doi.org/10.1111	PROPN
cte-838	688	9	/	/	SYM
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cte-838	688	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	689	1	[	[	X
cte-838	689	2	61	61	NUM
cte-838	689	3	]	]	X
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cte-838	689	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	689	6	s.	s.	PROPN
cte-838	689	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	689	8	koutsabasis	koutsabasis	PROPN
cte-838	689	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	689	10	p.	p.	NOUN
cte-838	689	11	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	689	12	anastassakis	anastassakis	PROPN
cte-838	689	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	689	14	g.	g.	PROPN
cte-838	689	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	689	16	2014	2014	NUM
cte-838	689	17	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	690	1	a	a	DET
cte-838	690	2	platform	platform	NOUN
cte-838	690	3	for	for	ADP
cte-838	690	4	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	690	5	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	690	6	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	690	7	using	use	VERB
cte-838	690	8	virtual	virtual	ADJ
cte-838	690	9	worlds	world	NOUN
cte-838	690	10	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	691	1	ieee	ieee	PROPN
cte-838	691	2	14th	14th	ADJ
cte-838	691	3	international	international	ADJ
cte-838	691	4	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	691	5	on	on	ADP
cte-838	691	6	advanced	advanced	ADJ
cte-838	691	7	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	691	8	technologies	technology	NOUN
cte-838	691	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	691	10	icalt	icalt	NOUN
cte-838	691	11	2014	2014	NUM
cte-838	691	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	691	13	athens	athens	PROPN
cte-838	691	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	691	15	greece	greece	PROPN
cte-838	691	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	691	17	july	july	PROPN
cte-838	691	18	7	7	NUM
cte-838	691	19	-	-	SYM
cte-838	691	20	10	10	NUM
cte-838	691	21	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	691	22	2014	2014	NUM
cte-838	691	23	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	692	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
cte-838	692	2	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	692	3	society	society	NOUN
cte-838	692	4	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	692	8	from	from	ADP
cte-838	692	9	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	692	10	https://doi.org/10.1109/	https://doi.org/10.1109/	PROPN
cte-838	692	11	icalt.2014.193	icalt.2014.193	PROPN
cte-838	692	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	693	1	[	[	X
cte-838	693	2	62	62	NUM
cte-838	693	3	]	]	X
cte-838	693	4	wang	wang	PROPN
cte-838	693	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	693	6	t.	t.	PROPN
cte-838	693	7	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	693	8	liu	liu	PROPN
cte-838	693	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	693	10	j.c	j.c	PROPN
cte-838	693	11	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	693	12	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	693	13	li	li	PROPN
cte-838	693	14	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	693	15	t.	t.	PROPN
cte-838	693	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	693	17	2019	2019	NUM
cte-838	693	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	694	1	design	design	NOUN
cte-838	694	2	variables	variable	NOUN
cte-838	694	3	for	for	ADP
cte-838	694	4	self	self	NOUN
cte-838	694	5	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	694	6	directed	direct	VERB
cte-838	694	7	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	694	8	in	in	ADP
cte-838	694	9	mooc	mooc	PROPN
cte-838	694	10	environment	environment	PROPN
cte-838	694	11	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	695	1	journal	journal	NOUN
cte-838	695	2	of	of	ADP
cte-838	695	3	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	695	4	technology	technology	NOUN
cte-838	695	5	development	development	NOUN
cte-838	695	6	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	695	7	exchange	exchange	NOUN
cte-838	695	8	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	695	9	12(1	12(1	NUM
cte-838	695	10	)	)	PUNCT
cte-838	695	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	695	12	pp.59–78	pp.59–78	PROPN
cte-838	695	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	695	14	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	695	15	from	from	ADP
cte-838	695	16	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	695	18	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	696	1	04	04	NUM
cte-838	696	2	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	697	1	[	[	X
cte-838	697	2	63	63	NUM
cte-838	697	3	]	]	PUNCT
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cte-838	697	5	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	697	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	697	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	697	9	stevenson	stevenson	PROPN
cte-838	697	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	697	11	d.e	d.e	PROPN
cte-838	697	12	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	697	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	697	14	2006	2006	NUM
cte-838	697	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	698	1	on	on	ADP
cte-838	698	2	using	use	VERB
cte-838	698	3	scheme	scheme	NOUN
cte-838	698	4	to	to	PART
cte-838	698	5	introduce	introduce	VERB
cte-838	698	6	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	698	7	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	699	1	in	in	ADP
cte-838	699	2	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	699	4	baldwin	baldwin	PROPN
cte-838	699	5	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	699	7	.	.	PROPN
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cte-838	699	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	699	10	s.m	s.m	PROPN
cte-838	699	11	.	.	PROPN
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cte-838	699	13	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	699	14	i.	i.	PROPN
cte-838	699	15	russell	russell	PROPN
cte-838	699	16	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	699	17	eds	eds	PROPN
cte-838	699	18	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	699	20	of	of	ADP
cte-838	699	21	the	the	DET
cte-838	699	22	37th	37th	ADJ
cte-838	699	23	sigcse	sigcse	NOUN
cte-838	699	24	technical	technical	ADJ
cte-838	699	25	symposium	symposium	NOUN
cte-838	699	26	on	on	ADP
cte-838	699	27	computer	computer	NOUN
cte-838	699	28	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	699	29	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	699	30	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	699	31	sigcse	sigcse	NOUN
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cte-838	699	39	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	699	42	-	-	SYM
cte-838	699	43	5	5	NUM
cte-838	699	44	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	699	46	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	700	2	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	700	4	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	701	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	701	3	:	:	PUNCT
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cte-838	701	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	702	1	[	[	X
cte-838	702	2	64	64	NUM
cte-838	702	3	]	]	SYM
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cte-838	702	5	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	702	6	c.p	c.p	PROPN
cte-838	702	7	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	702	8	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	702	9	lo	lo	PROPN
cte-838	702	10	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	702	11	p.h	p.h	PROPN
cte-838	702	12	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	702	13	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	702	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	703	1	the	the	DET
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cte-838	703	5	the	the	DET
cte-838	703	6	worked	work	VERB
cte-838	703	7	examples	example	NOUN
cte-838	703	8	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	704	1	workshop	workshop	NOUN
cte-838	704	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
cte-838	704	3	of	of	ADP
cte-838	704	4	the	the	DET
cte-838	704	5	21st	21st	ADJ
cte-838	704	6	international	international	ADJ
cte-838	704	7	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	704	8	on	on	ADP
cte-838	704	9	computers	computer	NOUN
cte-838	704	10	in	in	ADP
cte-838	704	11	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	704	12	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	704	13	icce	icce	NOUN
cte-838	704	14	2013	2013	NUM
cte-838	704	15	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	705	1	pp.192–195	pp.192–195	PROPN
cte-838	705	2	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	705	3	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	705	4	from	from	ADP
cte-838	705	5	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	705	6	https://library.apsce.net/index.php/	https://library.apsce.net/index.php/	PROPN
cte-838	705	7	icce	icce	NOUN
cte-838	705	8	/	/	SYM
cte-838	705	9	article	article	NOUN
cte-838	705	10	/	/	SYM
cte-838	705	11	view/2951	view/2951	NOUN
cte-838	705	12	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	706	1	[	[	X
cte-838	706	2	65	65	NUM
cte-838	706	3	]	]	X
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cte-838	706	5	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	706	7	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	706	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	706	10	j.	j.	PROPN
cte-838	706	11	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	706	12	bolduc	bolduc	PROPN
cte-838	706	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	706	14	f.	f.	PROPN
cte-838	706	15	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	706	16	murray	murray	PROPN
cte-838	706	17	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	706	18	w.g	w.g	PROPN
cte-838	706	19	.	.	PROPN
cte-838	706	20	and	and	CCONJ
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cte-838	706	22	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	706	23	w.	w.	PROPN
cte-838	706	24	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	706	25	2019	2019	NUM
cte-838	706	26	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	707	1	a	a	DET
cte-838	707	2	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
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cte-838	707	4	of	of	ADP
cte-838	707	5	integrating	integrate	VERB
cte-838	707	6	science	science	NOUN
cte-838	707	7	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	707	8	computing	computing	NOUN
cte-838	707	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	707	10	using	use	VERB
cte-838	707	11	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	707	12	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	707	13	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	708	1	the	the	DET
cte-838	708	2	thirty	thirty	NUM
cte-838	708	3	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	708	6	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	708	7	on	on	ADP
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cte-838	708	10	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	708	12	2019	2019	NUM
cte-838	708	13	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	708	14	the	the	DET
cte-838	708	15	thirty	thirty	NUM
cte-838	708	16	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	708	17	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	708	18	innovative	innovative	ADJ
cte-838	708	19	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	708	20	of	of	ADP
cte-838	708	21	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cte-838	708	22	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
cte-838	708	23	conference	conference	NOUN
cte-838	708	24	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	708	35	in	in	ADP
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cte-838	708	37	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
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cte-838	708	40	2019	2019	NUM
cte-838	708	41	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	708	43	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	708	45	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	708	47	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	708	54	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	709	5	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	709	7	from	from	ADP
cte-838	709	8	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	709	9	https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33019737	https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33019737	VERB
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cte-838	710	3	]	]	X
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cte-838	710	5	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	710	7	and	and	CCONJ
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cte-838	710	9	,	,	PUNCT
cte-838	710	10	c.j	c.j	PROPN
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cte-838	710	14	.	.	PUNCT
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cte-838	710	16	and	and	CCONJ
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cte-838	710	18	for	for	ADP
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cte-838	710	20	and	and	CCONJ
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cte-838	710	23	-	-	PUNCT
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cte-838	711	1	open	open	ADJ
cte-838	711	2	learning	learning	PROPN
cte-838	711	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	711	4	the	the	DET
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cte-838	711	6	of	of	ADP
cte-838	711	7	open	open	ADJ
cte-838	711	8	,	,	PUNCT
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cte-838	711	10	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	711	11	e	e	NOUN
cte-838	711	12	-	-	NOUN
cte-838	711	13	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	711	14	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	712	1	available	available	ADJ
cte-838	712	2	from	from	ADP
cte-838	712	3	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	712	4	https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513	https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513	NOUN
cte-838	712	5	.	.	PUNCT
cte-838	713	1	2022.2141105	2022.2141105	ADJ
cte-838	713	2	.	.	NOUN
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cte-838	713	13	https://library.apsce.net/index.php/icce/article/view/2951	https://library.apsce.net/index.php/icce/article/view/2951	PROPN
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cte-838	713	15	https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33019737	https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33019737	VERB
cte-838	713	16	https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2022.2141105	https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2022.2141105	NOUN
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cte-838	713	18	1	1	NUM
cte-838	713	19	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cte-838	713	20	2	2	NUM
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cte-838	713	22	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	23	context	context	VERB
cte-838	713	24	2.1	2.1	NUM
cte-838	713	25	definition	definition	NOUN
cte-838	713	26	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	27	historical	historical	ADJ
cte-838	713	28	context	context	NOUN
cte-838	713	29	2.2	2.2	NUM
cte-838	713	30	major	major	ADJ
cte-838	713	31	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	713	32	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	713	33	paradigms	paradigm	VERB
cte-838	713	34	2.3	2.3	NUM
cte-838	713	35	current	current	ADJ
cte-838	713	36	position	position	NOUN
cte-838	713	37	in	in	ADP
cte-838	713	38	computing	computing	NOUN
cte-838	713	39	curricula	curricula	NOUN
cte-838	713	40	3	3	NUM
cte-838	713	41	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	713	42	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	713	43	by	by	ADP
cte-838	713	44	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
cte-838	713	45	3.1	3.1	NUM
cte-838	713	46	prolog	prolog	NOUN
cte-838	713	47	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	713	48	based	base	VERB
cte-838	713	49	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cte-838	713	50	3.1.1	3.1.1	NUM
cte-838	713	51	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cte-838	713	52	approaches	approach	NOUN
cte-838	713	53	:	:	PUNCT
cte-838	713	54	syntax	syntax	NOUN
cte-838	713	55	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	713	56	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	713	57	vs.	vs.	ADP
cte-838	713	58	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	713	59	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	713	60	first	first	ADJ
cte-838	713	61	3.1.2	3.1.2	NUM
cte-838	713	62	visual	visual	ADJ
cte-838	713	63	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	713	64	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	713	65	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	66	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	713	67	tracers	tracer	NOUN
cte-838	713	68	3.1.3	3.1.3	NUM
cte-838	713	69	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	713	70	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	713	71	based	base	VERB
cte-838	713	72	learning	learning	NOUN
cte-838	713	73	methods	method	NOUN
cte-838	713	74	3.1.4	3.1.4	NUM
cte-838	713	75	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	713	76	with	with	ADP
cte-838	713	77	ai	ai	INTJ
cte-838	713	78	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	713	79	3.2	3.2	NUM
cte-838	713	80	answer	answer	NOUN
cte-838	713	81	set	set	VERB
cte-838	713	82	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	713	83	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
cte-838	713	84	3.2.1	3.2.1	NUM
cte-838	713	85	modeling	modeling	NOUN
cte-838	713	86	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	713	87	first	first	ADV
cte-838	713	88	approaches	approach	VERB
cte-838	713	89	3.2.2	3.2.2	NUM
cte-838	713	90	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	713	91	for	for	ADP
cte-838	713	92	asp	asp	PROPN
cte-838	713	93	education	education	NOUN
cte-838	713	94	3.2.3	3.2.3	NUM
cte-838	713	95	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	713	96	with	with	ADP
cte-838	713	97	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cte-838	713	98	representation	representation	NOUN
cte-838	713	99	courses	course	NOUN
cte-838	713	100	3.3	3.3	NUM
cte-838	713	101	constraint	constraint	NOUN
cte-838	713	102	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	713	103	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	713	104	3.3.1	3.3.1	NUM
cte-838	713	105	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	713	106	approaches	approach	VERB
cte-838	713	107	3.3.2	3.3.2	NUM
cte-838	713	108	application	application	NOUN
cte-838	713	109	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	713	110	based	base	VERB
cte-838	713	111	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	713	112	3.4	3.4	NUM
cte-838	713	113	datalog	datalog	NOUN
cte-838	713	114	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	115	deductive	deductive	ADJ
cte-838	713	116	databases	database	NOUN
cte-838	713	117	3.4.1	3.4.1	NUM
cte-838	713	118	current	current	ADJ
cte-838	713	119	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cte-838	713	120	practices	practice	NOUN
cte-838	713	121	3.4.2	3.4.2	NUM
cte-838	713	122	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	713	123	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	124	platforms	platform	NOUN
cte-838	713	125	4	4	NUM
cte-838	713	126	cross	cross	ADJ
cte-838	713	127	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	713	128	cutting	cutting	ADJ
cte-838	713	129	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	713	130	themes	theme	NOUN
cte-838	713	131	4.1	4.1	NUM
cte-838	713	132	visualization	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	713	133	approaches	approach	VERB
cte-838	713	134	4.1.1	4.1.1	NUM
cte-838	713	135	types	type	NOUN
cte-838	713	136	of	of	ADP
cte-838	713	137	visualizations	visualization	NOUN
cte-838	713	138	4.1.2	4.1.2	NUM
cte-838	713	139	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cte-838	713	140	of	of	ADP
cte-838	713	141	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cte-838	713	142	4.2	4.2	NUM
cte-838	713	143	problem	problem	NOUN
cte-838	713	144	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	713	145	based	base	VERB
cte-838	713	146	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	713	147	4.2.1	4.2.1	NUM
cte-838	713	148	types	type	NOUN
cte-838	713	149	of	of	ADP
cte-838	713	150	problems	problem	NOUN
cte-838	713	151	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	152	domains	domain	NOUN
cte-838	713	153	4.2.2	4.2.2	NUM
cte-838	713	154	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
cte-838	713	155	approaches	approach	VERB
cte-838	713	156	4.3	4.3	NUM
cte-838	713	157	integrated	integrate	VERB
cte-838	713	158	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	713	159	approaches	approach	VERB
cte-838	713	160	4.3.1	4.3.1	NUM
cte-838	713	161	logic	logic	NOUN
cte-838	713	162	programming	programming	NOUN
cte-838	713	163	in	in	ADP
cte-838	713	164	different	different	ADJ
cte-838	713	165	course	course	NOUN
cte-838	713	166	contexts	contexts	NOUN
cte-838	713	167	4.3.2	4.3.2	NUM
cte-838	713	168	cross	cross	ADJ
cte-838	713	169	-	-	ADJ
cte-838	713	170	paradigm	paradigm	ADJ
cte-838	713	171	teaching	teach	VERB
cte-838	713	172	4.4	4.4	NUM
cte-838	713	173	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	713	174	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	175	self	self	NOUN
cte-838	713	176	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	713	177	directed	direct	VERB
cte-838	713	178	learning	learn	VERB
cte-838	713	179	4.4.1	4.4.1	NUM
cte-838	713	180	moocs	mooc	NOUN
cte-838	713	181	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	182	online	online	ADJ
cte-838	713	183	resources	resource	NOUN
cte-838	713	184	4.4.2	4.4.2	NUM
cte-838	713	185	automated	automate	VERB
cte-838	713	186	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cte-838	713	187	tools	tool	VERB
cte-838	713	188	5	5	NUM
cte-838	713	189	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	713	190	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	191	obstacles	obstacle	VERB
cte-838	713	192	5.1	5.1	NUM
cte-838	713	193	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cte-838	713	194	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	713	195	5.1.1	5.1.1	NUM
cte-838	713	196	declarative	declarative	ADJ
cte-838	713	197	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cte-838	713	198	barriers	barrier	NOUN
cte-838	713	199	5.1.2	5.1.2	NUM
cte-838	713	200	execution	execution	NOUN
cte-838	713	201	model	model	NOUN
cte-838	713	202	understanding	understand	VERB
cte-838	713	203	5.2	5.2	NUM
cte-838	713	204	educational	educational	ADJ
cte-838	713	205	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	713	206	5.2.1	5.2.1	NUM
cte-838	713	207	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cte-838	713	208	constraints	constraint	VERB
cte-838	713	209	5.2.2	5.2.2	NUM
cte-838	713	210	faculty	faculty	NOUN
cte-838	713	211	expertise	expertise	NOUN
cte-838	713	212	limitations	limitation	VERB
cte-838	713	213	5.3	5.3	NUM
cte-838	713	214	motivational	motivational	ADJ
cte-838	713	215	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cte-838	713	216	5.3.1	5.3.1	NUM
cte-838	713	217	perceived	perceive	VERB
cte-838	713	218	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cte-838	713	219	issues	issue	VERB
cte-838	713	220	5.3.2	5.3.2	NUM
cte-838	713	221	student	student	NOUN
cte-838	713	222	engagement	engagement	NOUN
cte-838	713	223	6	6	NUM
cte-838	713	224	emerging	emerge	VERB
cte-838	713	225	trends	trend	NOUN
cte-838	713	226	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	227	innovations	innovation	NOUN
cte-838	713	228	6.1	6.1	NUM
cte-838	713	229	integration	integration	NOUN
cte-838	713	230	with	with	ADP
cte-838	713	231	other	other	ADJ
cte-838	713	232	paradigms	paradigm	VERB
cte-838	713	233	6.2	6.2	NUM
cte-838	713	234	domain	domain	NOUN
cte-838	713	235	-	-	PUNCT
cte-838	713	236	specific	specific	ADJ
cte-838	713	237	applications	application	NOUN
cte-838	713	238	6.3	6.3	NUM
cte-838	713	239	new	new	ADJ
cte-838	713	240	tools	tool	NOUN
cte-838	713	241	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	242	platforms	platform	VERB
cte-838	713	243	6.4	6.4	NUM
cte-838	713	244	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
cte-838	713	245	innovations	innovation	NOUN
cte-838	713	246	7	7	NUM
cte-838	713	247	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
cte-838	713	248	for	for	ADP
cte-838	713	249	practice	practice	NOUN
cte-838	713	250	8	8	NUM
cte-838	713	251	research	research	NOUN
cte-838	713	252	gaps	gap	NOUN
cte-838	713	253	and	and	CCONJ
cte-838	713	254	future	future	ADJ
cte-838	713	255	directions	direction	NOUN
cte-838	713	256	9	9	NUM
cte-838	713	257	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN