id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
ca-3145	Nguyen, Vinh-Kim	Viral Speed: Infrastructure, Connectivity, Ontogeny; or, Notes on the Molecular Epidemiology of Epidemics	2017		.htm	text/html	2720	134	51	Controversy over using molecular phylogenetic analyses to infer epidemic origins is best exemplified in the debates around the origins of HIV, which began when a British journalist, Edward Hooper, argued that contaminated batches of oral polio vaccine inadvertently spread the virus in the 1950s: a hypothesis that has since been largely discredited by molecular epidemiologists who instead point to rapid urbanization, railways, and sex-ratio imbalances that shifted sexual networks (e.g., Faria et al. 2014). Most epidemics are believed to originate when a microorganism crosses the species barrier, leaving an animal host reservoir (such as the chimpanzee for HIV’s simian ancestor, or bats for Ebola virus) to infect humans.	cache/ca-3145.htm	txt/ca-3145.txt