id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
cice-11468	1	1	2012	2012	NUM
cice-11468	1	2	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	1	3	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	1	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	1	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	1	6	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	1	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	1	8	teachers	teachers	PROPN
cice-11468	1	9	college	college	PROPN
cice-11468	1	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	1	11	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cice-11468	1	12	university	university	PROPN
cice-11468	1	13	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	1	14	all	all	DET
cice-11468	1	15	rights	right	NOUN
cice-11468	1	16	reserved	reserve	VERB
cice-11468	1	17	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	1	18	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	1	19	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	1	20	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	1	21	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	1	22	15(1	15(1	NUM
cice-11468	1	23	):	):	PUNCT
cice-11468	1	24	114	114	NUM
cice-11468	1	25	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	1	26	131	131	NUM
cice-11468	1	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	2	1	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	2	2	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	2	3	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	2	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	2	5	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	2	6	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	2	7	a	a	DET
cice-11468	2	8	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	2	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cice-11468	2	10	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	2	11	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	2	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	2	13	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	2	14	richard	richard	PROPN
cice-11468	2	15	o.	o.	PROPN
cice-11468	2	16	welsh	welsh	PROPN
cice-11468	2	17	university	university	PROPN
cice-11468	2	18	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	2	19	southern	southern	PROPN
cice-11468	2	20	california	california	PROPN
cice-11468	2	21	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	2	22	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	2	23	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	2	24	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	2	25	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	2	26	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	2	27	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	2	28	real	real	ADJ
cice-11468	2	29	gross	gross	ADJ
cice-11468	2	30	domestic	domestic	ADJ
cice-11468	2	31	product	product	NOUN
cice-11468	2	32	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	2	33	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	2	34	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	2	35	per	per	ADP
cice-11468	2	36	capita	capita	NOUN
cice-11468	2	37	skyrocketed	skyrocket	VERB
cice-11468	2	38	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	2	39	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	2	40	4,383	4,383	NUM
cice-11468	2	41	to	to	PART
cice-11468	2	42	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	2	43	55,862	55,862	NUM
cice-11468	2	44	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	2	45	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	2	46	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	2	47	’s	’	VERB
cice-11468	2	48	barely	barely	ADV
cice-11468	2	49	increased	increase	VERB
cice-11468	2	50	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	2	51	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	2	52	6,417	6,417	NUM
cice-11468	2	53	to	to	PART
cice-11468	2	54	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	2	55	8,539	8,539	NUM
cice-11468	2	56	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	3	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	3	2	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	3	3	plausible	plausible	ADJ
cice-11468	3	4	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	3	5	differing	differ	VERB
cice-11468	3	6	rates	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	3	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	3	8	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	3	9	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	3	10	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	3	11	associated	associate	VERB
cice-11468	3	12	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	3	13	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	3	14	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	3	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	3	16	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	3	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	3	18	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	3	19	systems	system	NOUN
cice-11468	3	20	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	3	21	causally	causally	ADV
cice-11468	3	22	the	the	DET
cice-11468	3	23	linkage	linkage	NOUN
cice-11468	3	24	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	3	25	not	not	PART
cice-11468	3	26	well	well	ADV
cice-11468	3	27	understood	understand	VERB
cice-11468	3	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	4	1	using	use	VERB
cice-11468	4	2	a	a	DET
cice-11468	4	3	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	4	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cice-11468	4	5	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	4	6	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	4	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	4	8	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	4	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	4	10	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	4	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	4	12	this	this	DET
cice-11468	4	13	paper	paper	NOUN
cice-11468	4	14	explores	explore	VERB
cice-11468	4	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	4	16	critical	critical	ADJ
cice-11468	4	17	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	4	18	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	4	19	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	4	20	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	4	21	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	4	22	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	4	23	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	4	24	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	5	1	this	this	DET
cice-11468	5	2	article	article	NOUN
cice-11468	5	3	argues	argue	VERB
cice-11468	5	4	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	5	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	5	6	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	5	7	can	can	AUX
cice-11468	5	8	substantively	substantively	ADV
cice-11468	5	9	help	help	VERB
cice-11468	5	10	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	5	11	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	5	12	overcome	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	5	13	many	many	ADJ
cice-11468	5	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	5	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	5	16	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cice-11468	5	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	5	18	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	5	19	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	5	20	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	5	21	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	5	22	exacerbated	exacerbate	VERB
cice-11468	5	23	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	5	24	an	an	DET
cice-11468	5	25	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
cice-11468	5	26	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	5	27	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	5	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	6	1	three	three	NUM
cice-11468	6	2	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	6	3	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	6	4	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	6	5	shaped	shape	VERB
cice-11468	6	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	6	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	6	8	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	6	9	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	6	10	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	6	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	6	12	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	6	13	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	6	14	identified	identify	VERB
cice-11468	6	15	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	7	1	first	first	ADV
cice-11468	7	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	7	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	7	4	timing	timing	NOUN
cice-11468	7	5	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	7	6	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	7	7	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	7	8	important	important	ADJ
cice-11468	7	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	7	10	not	not	PART
cice-11468	7	11	just	just	ADV
cice-11468	7	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	7	13	content	content	NOUN
cice-11468	7	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	7	15	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	7	16	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	7	17	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	8	1	second	second	ADV
cice-11468	8	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	8	3	having	have	VERB
cice-11468	8	4	a	a	DET
cice-11468	8	5	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	8	6	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	8	7	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	8	8	key	key	ADJ
cice-11468	8	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	9	1	third	third	ADJ
cice-11468	9	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	9	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	9	4	balanced	balanced	ADJ
cice-11468	9	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	9	6	forward	forward	ADV
cice-11468	9	7	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	9	8	looking	look	VERB
cice-11468	9	9	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	9	10	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	9	11	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	9	12	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	9	13	closely	closely	ADV
cice-11468	9	14	ties	tie	VERB
cice-11468	9	15	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	9	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	9	17	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	9	18	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	9	19	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	9	20	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	9	21	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	9	22	crucial	crucial	ADJ
cice-11468	9	23	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	10	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cice-11468	10	2	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	10	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	10	4	1980s	1980s	NUM
cice-11468	10	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	10	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	10	7	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	10	8	problems	problem	NOUN
cice-11468	10	9	facing	face	VERB
cice-11468	10	10	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	10	11	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	10	12	have	have	AUX
cice-11468	10	13	garnered	garner	VERB
cice-11468	10	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	10	15	special	special	ADJ
cice-11468	10	16	attention	attention	NOUN
cice-11468	10	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	10	18	many	many	ADJ
cice-11468	10	19	agencies	agency	NOUN
cice-11468	10	20	such	such	ADJ
cice-11468	10	21	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	10	22	the	the	DET
cice-11468	10	23	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
cice-11468	10	24	secretariat	secretariat	PROPN
cice-11468	10	25	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	10	26	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	10	27	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	10	28	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	10	29	bacchus	bacchus	PROPN
cice-11468	10	30	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	10	31	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	10	32	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	10	33	bray	bray	PROPN
cice-11468	10	34	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	10	35	packer	packer	PROPN
cice-11468	10	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	10	37	1993	1993	NUM
cice-11468	10	38	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	10	39	crossley	crossley	NOUN
cice-11468	10	40	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	10	41	bray	bray	NOUN
cice-11468	10	42	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	10	43	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	10	44	packer	packer	PROPN
cice-11468	10	45	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	10	46	2011	2011	NUM
cice-11468	10	47	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	10	48	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	11	1	financial	financial	ADJ
cice-11468	11	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	11	3	cultural	cultural	ADJ
cice-11468	11	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	11	5	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	11	6	globalization	globalization	NOUN
cice-11468	11	7	have	have	AUX
cice-11468	11	8	exacerbated	exacerbate	VERB
cice-11468	11	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	11	10	vulnerabilities	vulnerability	NOUN
cice-11468	11	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	11	12	fragilities	fragility	NOUN
cice-11468	11	13	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	11	14	these	these	DET
cice-11468	11	15	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	11	16	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	11	17	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	11	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	11	19	twenty	twenty	NUM
cice-11468	11	20	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	11	21	first	first	ADJ
cice-11468	11	22	century	century	NOUN
cice-11468	11	23	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	11	24	making	make	VERB
cice-11468	11	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	11	26	success	success	NOUN
cice-11468	11	27	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	11	28	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	11	29	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	11	30	largely	largely	ADV
cice-11468	11	31	dependent	dependent	ADJ
cice-11468	11	32	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	11	33	the	the	DET
cice-11468	11	34	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	11	35	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	11	36	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	11	37	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	11	38	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	11	39	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	11	40	bacchus	bacchus	PROPN
cice-11468	11	41	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	11	42	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	11	43	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	11	44	mayo	mayo	NOUN
cice-11468	11	45	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	11	46	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	11	47	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	11	48	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	12	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
cice-11468	12	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	12	3	heightened	heightened	ADJ
cice-11468	12	4	interest	interest	NOUN
cice-11468	12	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	12	6	many	many	ADJ
cice-11468	12	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	12	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	12	9	publications	publication	NOUN
cice-11468	12	10	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	12	11	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	12	12	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	12	13	fail	fail	VERB
cice-11468	12	14	to	to	PART
cice-11468	12	15	capture	capture	VERB
cice-11468	12	16	the	the	DET
cice-11468	12	17	contribution	contribution	NOUN
cice-11468	12	18	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	12	19	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	12	20	can	can	AUX
cice-11468	12	21	make	make	VERB
cice-11468	12	22	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	12	23	the	the	DET
cice-11468	12	24	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	12	25	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	12	26	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	12	27	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	12	28	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	12	29	light	light	NOUN
cice-11468	12	30	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	12	31	increasing	increase	VERB
cice-11468	12	32	globalization	globalization	NOUN
cice-11468	12	33	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	12	34	bacchus	bacchus	PROPN
cice-11468	12	35	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	12	36	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	12	37	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	12	38	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	13	1	diverging	diverge	VERB
cice-11468	13	2	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	13	3	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	13	4	rates	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	13	5	among	among	ADP
cice-11468	13	6	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	13	7	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	13	8	compel	compel	VERB
cice-11468	13	9	researchers	researcher	NOUN
cice-11468	13	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	13	11	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
cice-11468	13	12	to	to	PART
cice-11468	13	13	re	re	VERB
cice-11468	13	14	-	-	VERB
cice-11468	13	15	conceptualize	conceptualize	VERB
cice-11468	13	16	the	the	DET
cice-11468	13	17	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cice-11468	13	18	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	13	19	‘	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	13	20	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	13	21	’	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	13	22	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	13	23	the	the	DET
cice-11468	13	24	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	13	25	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	13	26	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	13	27	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	13	28	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	13	29	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	13	30	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	13	31	constraints	constraint	NOUN
cice-11468	13	32	facing	face	VERB
cice-11468	13	33	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	13	34	nation	nation	NOUN
cice-11468	13	35	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	13	36	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	13	37	an	an	DET
cice-11468	13	38	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
cice-11468	13	39	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	13	40	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	13	41	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	1	several	several	ADJ
cice-11468	14	2	studies	study	NOUN
cice-11468	14	3	have	have	AUX
cice-11468	14	4	focused	focus	VERB
cice-11468	14	5	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	14	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	14	7	relationship	relationship	NOUN
cice-11468	14	8	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	14	9	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	14	10	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	14	11	rates	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	14	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	14	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	14	14	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	14	15	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	14	16	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	14	17	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	18	aghion	aghion	NOUN
cice-11468	14	19	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	20	caroli	caroli	PROPN
cice-11468	14	21	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	22	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	14	23	garcia	garcia	PROPN
cice-11468	14	24	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	25	penalosa	penalosa	PROPN
cice-11468	14	26	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	27	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	14	28	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	29	barro	barro	NOUN
cice-11468	14	30	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	31	1991	1991	NUM
cice-11468	14	32	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	33	hanushek	hanushek	NOUN
cice-11468	14	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	35	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	14	36	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	37	hanushek	hanushek	PROPN
cice-11468	14	38	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	14	39	woessmann	woessmann	PROPN
cice-11468	14	40	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	41	2007	2007	NUM
cice-11468	14	42	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	43	sen	sen	PROPN
cice-11468	14	44	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	14	45	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	14	46	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	15	1	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	15	2	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	15	3	are	be	VERB
cice-11468	15	4	relatively	relatively	ADV
cice-11468	15	5	few	few	ADJ
cice-11468	15	6	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
cice-11468	15	7	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	15	8	these	these	DET
cice-11468	15	9	metrics	metric	NOUN
cice-11468	15	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	15	11	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	15	12	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	15	13	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	15	14	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	15	15	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	15	16	especially	especially	ADV
cice-11468	15	17	among	among	ADP
cice-11468	15	18	developing	develop	VERB
cice-11468	15	19	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	15	20	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	16	1	consider	consider	VERB
cice-11468	16	2	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	16	3	cases	case	NOUN
cice-11468	16	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	17	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	17	2	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	17	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	17	4	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	17	5	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	17	6	a	a	DET
cice-11468	17	7	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	17	8	real	real	ADJ
cice-11468	17	9	gross	gross	ADJ
cice-11468	17	10	domestic	domestic	ADJ
cice-11468	17	11	product	product	NOUN
cice-11468	17	12	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	17	13	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	17	14	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	17	15	per	per	ADP
cice-11468	17	16	capita	capita	NOUN
cice-11468	17	17	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	17	18	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	17	19	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	18	1	over	over	ADP
cice-11468	18	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	18	3	next	next	ADJ
cice-11468	18	4	50	50	NUM
cice-11468	18	5	years	year	NOUN
cice-11468	18	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	18	7	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	18	8	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	18	9	real	real	ADJ
cice-11468	18	10	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	18	11	per	per	ADP
cice-11468	18	12	capita	capita	NOUN
cice-11468	18	13	grew	grow	VERB
cice-11468	18	14	exponentially	exponentially	ADV
cice-11468	18	15	compared	compare	VERB
cice-11468	18	16	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	18	17	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	18	18	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	18	19	anemic	anemic	ADJ
cice-11468	18	20	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	18	21	performance	performance	NOUN
cice-11468	18	22	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	19	1	during	during	ADP
cice-11468	19	2	this	this	DET
cice-11468	19	3	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	19	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	19	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	19	6	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	19	7	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	19	8	skyrocketed	skyrocket	VERB
cice-11468	19	9	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	19	10	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	19	11	4,383	4,383	NUM
cice-11468	19	12	to	to	PART
cice-11468	19	13	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	19	14	55,862	55,862	NUM
cice-11468	19	15	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	19	16	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	19	17	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	19	18	’s	’	VERB
cice-11468	19	19	barely	barely	ADV
cice-11468	19	20	increased	increase	VERB
cice-11468	19	21	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	19	22	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	19	23	6,417	6,417	NUM
cice-11468	19	24	to	to	PART
cice-11468	19	25	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	19	26	8,539	8,539	NUM
cice-11468	19	27	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	19	28	heston	heston	PROPN
cice-11468	19	29	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	19	30	summers	summer	NOUN
cice-11468	19	31	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	19	32	aten	aten	PROPN
cice-11468	19	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	19	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	19	35	2012	2012	NUM
cice-11468	19	36	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	19	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	20	1	figure	figure	NOUN
cice-11468	20	2	1	1	NUM
cice-11468	20	3	shows	show	VERB
cice-11468	20	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	20	5	real	real	ADJ
cice-11468	20	6	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	20	7	per	per	ADP
cice-11468	20	8	capita	capita	X
cice-11468	20	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	20	10	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	20	11	purchasing	purchase	VERB
cice-11468	20	12	power	power	NOUN
cice-11468	20	13	parity	parity	NOUN
cice-11468	20	14	2005	2005	NUM
cice-11468	20	15	constant	constant	ADJ
cice-11468	20	16	prices	price	NOUN
cice-11468	20	17	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	20	18	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	20	19	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	20	20	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	20	21	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	20	22	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	20	23	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	20	24	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	20	25	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	20	26	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	21	1	how	how	SCONJ
cice-11468	21	2	do	do	AUX
cice-11468	21	3	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	21	4	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	21	5	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	21	6	similar	similar	ADJ
cice-11468	21	7	starting	starting	NOUN
cice-11468	21	8	points	point	NOUN
cice-11468	21	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	21	10	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	21	11	have	have	VERB
cice-11468	21	12	such	such	ADJ
cice-11468	21	13	divergent	divergent	ADJ
cice-11468	21	14	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	21	15	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	21	16	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cice-11468	21	17	over	over	ADP
cice-11468	21	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	21	19	next	next	ADJ
cice-11468	21	20	half	half	ADJ
cice-11468	21	21	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	21	22	century	century	NOUN
cice-11468	21	23	?	?	PUNCT
cice-11468	22	1	this	this	DET
cice-11468	22	2	article	article	NOUN
cice-11468	22	3	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	22	4	an	an	DET
cice-11468	22	5	exploratory	exploratory	ADJ
cice-11468	22	6	study	study	NOUN
cice-11468	22	7	based	base	VERB
cice-11468	22	8	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	22	9	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	22	10	sources	source	NOUN
cice-11468	22	11	including	include	VERB
cice-11468	22	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cice-11468	22	13	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	22	14	cross	cross	ADJ
cice-11468	22	15	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	22	16	data	datum	NOUN
cice-11468	22	17	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	22	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	22	19	world	world	NOUN
cice-11468	22	20	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	22	21	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	22	22	penn	penn	PROPN
cice-11468	22	23	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	22	24	tables	table	NOUN
cice-11468	22	25	to	to	PART
cice-11468	22	26	detect	detect	VERB
cice-11468	22	27	patterns	pattern	NOUN
cice-11468	22	28	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	22	29	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	22	30	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	22	31	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	22	32	metrics	metric	NOUN
cice-11468	22	33	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	22	34	document	document	NOUN
cice-11468	22	35	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cice-11468	22	36	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	22	37	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	22	38	briefs	brief	NOUN
cice-11468	22	39	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	22	40	the	the	DET
cice-11468	22	41	ministries	ministry	NOUN
cice-11468	22	42	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	22	43	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	22	44	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	22	45	a	a	DET
cice-11468	22	46	review	review	NOUN
cice-11468	22	47	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	22	48	previous	previous	ADJ
cice-11468	22	49	literature	literature	NOUN
cice-11468	22	50	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	22	51	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	22	52	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	22	53	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	22	54	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	22	55	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	22	56	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	22	57	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	22	58	115	115	NUM
cice-11468	22	59	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	22	60	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	22	61	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	22	62	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	22	63	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	22	64	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	22	65	both	both	DET
cice-11468	22	66	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	22	67	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	23	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	23	2	central	central	ADJ
cice-11468	23	3	research	research	NOUN
cice-11468	23	4	question	question	NOUN
cice-11468	23	5	guiding	guide	VERB
cice-11468	23	6	this	this	DET
cice-11468	23	7	study	study	NOUN
cice-11468	23	8	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	23	9	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	23	10	what	what	PRON
cice-11468	23	11	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	23	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	23	13	critical	critical	ADJ
cice-11468	23	14	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	23	15	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	23	16	shape	shape	VERB
cice-11468	23	17	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	23	18	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	23	19	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	23	20	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	23	21	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	23	22	?	?	PUNCT
cice-11468	24	1	although	although	SCONJ
cice-11468	24	2	this	this	DET
cice-11468	24	3	paper	paper	NOUN
cice-11468	24	4	posits	posit	NOUN
cice-11468	24	5	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	24	6	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	24	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	24	8	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	24	9	a	a	DET
cice-11468	24	10	core	core	NOUN
cice-11468	24	11	component	component	NOUN
cice-11468	24	12	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	24	13	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	24	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	24	15	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	24	16	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	24	17	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	24	18	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	24	19	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	24	20	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	24	21	a	a	DET
cice-11468	24	22	complex	complex	ADJ
cice-11468	24	23	endeavor	endeavor	NOUN
cice-11468	24	24	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	24	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	24	26	relationship	relationship	NOUN
cice-11468	24	27	described	describe	VERB
cice-11468	24	28	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	24	29	based	base	VERB
cice-11468	24	30	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	24	31	consistent	consistent	ADJ
cice-11468	24	32	covariance	covariance	NOUN
cice-11468	24	33	rather	rather	ADV
cice-11468	24	34	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	24	35	implied	imply	VERB
cice-11468	24	36	causality	causality	NOUN
cice-11468	24	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	25	1	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	25	2	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	25	3	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	25	4	defined	define	VERB
cice-11468	25	5	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	25	6	changes	change	NOUN
cice-11468	25	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	25	8	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	25	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	25	10	equity	equity	NOUN
cice-11468	25	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	25	12	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
cice-11468	25	13	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	25	14	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	25	15	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	26	1	this	this	DET
cice-11468	26	2	definition	definition	NOUN
cice-11468	26	3	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	26	4	operationalized	operationalize	VERB
cice-11468	26	5	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	26	6	outcome	outcome	NOUN
cice-11468	26	7	measures	measure	NOUN
cice-11468	26	8	including	include	VERB
cice-11468	26	9	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	26	10	rates	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	26	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	26	12	average	average	ADJ
cice-11468	26	13	years	year	NOUN
cice-11468	26	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	26	15	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	26	16	attainment	attainment	NOUN
cice-11468	26	17	as	as	ADV
cice-11468	26	18	well	well	ADV
cice-11468	26	19	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	26	20	inputs	input	NOUN
cice-11468	26	21	such	such	ADJ
cice-11468	26	22	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	26	23	public	public	ADJ
cice-11468	26	24	spending	spending	NOUN
cice-11468	26	25	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	26	26	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	26	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	1	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	27	2	is	be	VERB
cice-11468	27	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	27	4	conscious	conscious	ADJ
cice-11468	27	5	focus	focus	NOUN
cice-11468	27	6	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	27	7	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	27	8	not	not	PART
cice-11468	27	9	directly	directly	ADV
cice-11468	27	10	related	relate	VERB
cice-11468	27	11	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	27	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
cice-11468	27	13	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	27	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	27	15	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
cice-11468	27	16	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	27	17	a	a	DET
cice-11468	27	18	growing	grow	VERB
cice-11468	27	19	body	body	NOUN
cice-11468	27	20	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	27	21	research	research	NOUN
cice-11468	27	22	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	27	23	confirmed	confirm	VERB
cice-11468	27	24	the	the	DET
cice-11468	27	25	importance	importance	NOUN
cice-11468	27	26	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	27	27	teacher	teacher	NOUN
cice-11468	27	28	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	27	29	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	27	30	student	student	NOUN
cice-11468	27	31	achievement	achievement	NOUN
cice-11468	27	32	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	27	33	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	27	34	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	27	35	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	27	36	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	37	barber	barber	PROPN
cice-11468	27	38	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	27	39	mourshed	mourshe	VERB
cice-11468	27	40	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	41	2007	2007	NUM
cice-11468	27	42	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	43	coleman	coleman	PROPN
cice-11468	27	44	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	45	1966	1966	NUM
cice-11468	27	46	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	47	murnane	murnane	NOUN
cice-11468	27	48	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	49	1991	1991	NUM
cice-11468	27	50	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	51	rivkin	rivkin	X
cice-11468	27	52	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	53	hanushek	hanushek	PROPN
cice-11468	27	54	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	55	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	27	56	cain	cain	PROPN
cice-11468	27	57	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	58	2005	2005	NUM
cice-11468	27	59	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	27	60	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	28	1	though	though	SCONJ
cice-11468	28	2	population	population	NOUN
cice-11468	28	3	size	size	NOUN
cice-11468	28	4	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	28	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	28	6	standard	standard	ADJ
cice-11468	28	7	defining	define	VERB
cice-11468	28	8	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
cice-11468	28	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	28	10	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	28	11	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	28	12	can	can	AUX
cice-11468	28	13	also	also	ADV
cice-11468	28	14	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	28	15	defined	define	VERB
cice-11468	28	16	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	28	17	location	location	NOUN
cice-11468	28	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	28	19	geo	geo	PROPN
cice-11468	28	20	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	28	21	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	28	22	positioning	positioning	NOUN
cice-11468	28	23	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	28	24	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	28	25	capacity	capacity	NOUN
cice-11468	28	26	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	28	27	bacchus	bacchus	PROPN
cice-11468	28	28	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	28	29	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	28	30	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	28	31	bray	bray	PROPN
cice-11468	28	32	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	28	33	packer	packer	PROPN
cice-11468	28	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	28	35	1993	1993	NUM
cice-11468	28	36	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	28	37	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	28	38	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	28	39	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	28	40	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	28	41	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	28	42	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	29	1	this	this	DET
cice-11468	29	2	article	article	NOUN
cice-11468	29	3	uses	use	VERB
cice-11468	29	4	a	a	DET
cice-11468	29	5	population	population	NOUN
cice-11468	29	6	size	size	NOUN
cice-11468	29	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	29	8	below	below	ADP
cice-11468	29	9	five	five	NUM
cice-11468	29	10	million	million	NUM
cice-11468	29	11	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	29	12	commonwealth	commonwealth	NOUN
cice-11468	29	13	secretariat	secretariat	PROPN
cice-11468	29	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	29	15	2009	2009	NUM
cice-11468	29	16	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	29	17	crossley	crossley	NOUN
cice-11468	29	18	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	29	19	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	29	20	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	29	21	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	29	22	2011	2011	NUM
cice-11468	29	23	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	29	24	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	29	25	islands	island	NOUN
cice-11468	29	26	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	29	27	a	a	DET
cice-11468	29	28	geographical	geographical	ADJ
cice-11468	29	29	mass	mass	NOUN
cice-11468	29	30	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	29	31	less	less	ADJ
cice-11468	29	32	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	29	33	12,000	12,000	NUM
cice-11468	29	34	square	square	ADJ
cice-11468	29	35	kilometers	kilometer	NOUN
cice-11468	29	36	to	to	PART
cice-11468	29	37	define	define	VERB
cice-11468	29	38	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	29	39	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	29	40	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	29	41	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	29	42	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	30	1	both	both	CCONJ
cice-11468	30	2	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	30	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	30	4	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	30	5	meet	meet	VERB
cice-11468	30	6	these	these	DET
cice-11468	30	7	criteria	criterion	NOUN
cice-11468	30	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	30	9	!	!	PUNCT
cice-11468	31	1	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	31	2	!	!	PUNCT
cice-11468	32	1	#	#	X
cice-11468	32	2	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	32	3	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	32	4	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	32	5	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	32	6	!	!	PUNCT
cice-11468	33	1	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	33	2	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	33	3	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	33	4	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	33	5	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	33	6	!	!	PUNCT
cice-11468	34	1	%	%	INTJ
cice-11468	34	2	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	34	3	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	34	4	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	34	5	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	34	6	!	!	PUNCT
cice-11468	35	1	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	35	2	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	35	3	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	35	4	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	35	5	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	35	6	!	!	PUNCT
cice-11468	35	7	'	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	35	8	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	35	9	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	35	10	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	35	11	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	35	12	!	!	PUNCT
cice-11468	36	1	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	36	2	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	36	3	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	36	4	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	36	5	"	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	36	6	!	!	PUNCT
cice-11468	36	7	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	37	1	*	*	PUNCT
cice-11468	37	2	+	+	ADJ
cice-11468	37	3	*	*	ADJ
cice-11468	37	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	37	5	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	37	6	*	*	NOUN
cice-11468	37	7	!	!	PUNCT
cice-11468	37	8	.,/0	.,/0	PROPN
cice-11468	37	9	*	*	X
cice-11468	37	10	1234	1234	NUM
cice-11468	37	11	!	!	PUNCT
cice-11468	37	12	!	!	PUNCT
cice-11468	38	1	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	38	2	source	source	NOUN
cice-11468	38	3	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	38	4	heston	heston	PROPN
cice-11468	38	5	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	38	6	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	38	7	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	38	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	38	9	2012	2012	NUM
cice-11468	38	10	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	38	11	penn	penn	PROPN
cice-11468	38	12	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	38	13	tables	table	NOUN
cice-11468	38	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	38	15	7.1	7.1	NUM
cice-11468	38	16	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	38	17	figure	figure	NOUN
cice-11468	38	18	1	1	NUM
cice-11468	38	19	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	38	20	real	real	ADJ
cice-11468	38	21	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	38	22	per	per	ADP
cice-11468	38	23	capita	capita	NOUN
cice-11468	38	24	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	38	25	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	38	26	ppp	ppp	NOUN
cice-11468	38	27	2005	2005	NUM
cice-11468	38	28	constant	constant	ADJ
cice-11468	38	29	price	price	NOUN
cice-11468	38	30	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	38	31	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	38	32	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	38	33	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	38	34	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	38	35	19602010	19602010	NUM
cice-11468	38	36	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	39	1	116	116	NUM
cice-11468	39	2	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	39	3	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	39	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	39	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	39	6	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	39	7	welsh	welsh	NOUN
cice-11468	39	8	this	this	DET
cice-11468	39	9	article	article	NOUN
cice-11468	39	10	offers	offer	VERB
cice-11468	39	11	three	three	NUM
cice-11468	39	12	plausible	plausible	ADJ
cice-11468	39	13	grounded	ground	VERB
cice-11468	39	14	hypotheses	hypothesis	NOUN
cice-11468	39	15	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	39	16	the	the	DET
cice-11468	39	17	critical	critical	ADJ
cice-11468	39	18	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	39	19	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	39	20	shaped	shape	VERB
cice-11468	39	21	the	the	DET
cice-11468	39	22	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	39	23	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	39	24	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	39	25	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	39	26	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	39	27	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	39	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	40	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	40	2	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	40	3	posited	posit	VERB
cice-11468	40	4	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	40	5	not	not	PART
cice-11468	40	6	proven	prove	VERB
cice-11468	40	7	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
cice-11468	40	8	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	40	9	claims	claim	NOUN
cice-11468	40	10	requiring	require	VERB
cice-11468	40	11	further	further	ADJ
cice-11468	40	12	empirical	empirical	ADJ
cice-11468	40	13	support	support	NOUN
cice-11468	40	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	40	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cice-11468	40	16	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	41	1	first	first	ADV
cice-11468	41	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	41	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	41	4	timing	timing	NOUN
cice-11468	41	5	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	41	6	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	41	7	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	41	8	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	41	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	41	10	when	when	SCONJ
cice-11468	41	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	41	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	41	13	not	not	PART
cice-11468	41	14	just	just	ADV
cice-11468	41	15	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	41	16	content	content	NOUN
cice-11468	41	17	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	41	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	41	19	what	what	PRON
cice-11468	41	20	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	41	21	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	41	22	important	important	ADJ
cice-11468	41	23	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	42	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	42	2	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	42	3	plausible	plausible	ADJ
cice-11468	42	4	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	42	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	42	6	varying	vary	VERB
cice-11468	42	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	42	8	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	42	9	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	42	10	each	each	DET
cice-11468	42	11	country	country	NOUN
cice-11468	42	12	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	42	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	42	14	immediate	immediate	ADJ
cice-11468	42	15	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	42	16	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	42	17	independence	independence	ADJ
cice-11468	42	18	era	era	NOUN
cice-11468	42	19	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	42	20	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	42	21	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	42	22	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	42	23	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	42	24	have	have	AUX
cice-11468	42	25	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	42	26	lasting	lasting	ADJ
cice-11468	42	27	effects	effect	NOUN
cice-11468	42	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	43	1	second	second	ADV
cice-11468	43	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	43	3	having	have	VERB
cice-11468	43	4	a	a	DET
cice-11468	43	5	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	43	6	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	43	7	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	43	8	key	key	ADJ
cice-11468	43	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	44	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	44	2	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	44	3	extensive	extensive	ADJ
cice-11468	44	4	efforts	effort	NOUN
cice-11468	44	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	44	6	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	44	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	44	8	signaled	signal	VERB
cice-11468	44	9	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	44	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	44	11	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	44	12	leadership	leadership	NOUN
cice-11468	44	13	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	44	14	thinking	think	VERB
cice-11468	44	15	consciously	consciously	ADV
cice-11468	44	16	about	about	ADP
cice-11468	44	17	linking	link	VERB
cice-11468	44	18	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	44	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	44	20	labor	labor	NOUN
cice-11468	44	21	markets	market	NOUN
cice-11468	44	22	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	45	1	third	third	ADJ
cice-11468	45	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	45	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	45	4	balanced	balanced	ADJ
cice-11468	45	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	45	6	forward	forward	ADV
cice-11468	45	7	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	45	8	looking	look	VERB
cice-11468	45	9	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	45	10	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	45	11	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	45	12	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	45	13	closely	closely	ADV
cice-11468	45	14	ties	tie	VERB
cice-11468	45	15	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	45	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	45	17	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	45	18	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	45	19	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	45	20	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	45	21	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	45	22	crucial	crucial	ADJ
cice-11468	45	23	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	46	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	46	2	what	what	PRON
cice-11468	46	3	follows	follow	VERB
cice-11468	46	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	46	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	46	6	varying	vary	VERB
cice-11468	46	7	contexts	context	NOUN
cice-11468	46	8	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	46	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	46	10	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	46	11	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	46	12	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	46	13	outlined	outline	VERB
cice-11468	46	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	47	1	next	next	ADV
cice-11468	47	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	47	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	47	4	brief	brief	ADJ
cice-11468	47	5	selective	selective	ADJ
cice-11468	47	6	history	history	NOUN
cice-11468	47	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	47	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	47	9	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	47	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	47	11	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	47	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	47	13	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	47	14	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	47	15	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	47	16	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	47	17	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	47	18	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	47	19	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	47	20	provided	provide	VERB
cice-11468	47	21	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	48	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	48	2	three	three	NUM
cice-11468	48	3	aforementioned	aforementioned	ADJ
cice-11468	48	4	hypotheses	hypothesis	NOUN
cice-11468	48	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	48	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	48	7	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	48	8	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	48	9	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	48	10	systems	system	NOUN
cice-11468	48	11	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	48	12	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	48	13	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	48	14	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	48	15	discussed	discuss	VERB
cice-11468	48	16	using	use	VERB
cice-11468	48	17	the	the	DET
cice-11468	48	18	experiences	experience	NOUN
cice-11468	48	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	48	20	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	48	21	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	48	22	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	48	23	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	49	1	similar	similar	ADJ
cice-11468	49	2	starting	starting	NOUN
cice-11468	49	3	points	point	NOUN
cice-11468	49	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	49	5	contrasting	contrast	VERB
cice-11468	49	6	contexts	context	NOUN
cice-11468	49	7	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	49	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	49	9	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	49	10	provide	provide	VERB
cice-11468	49	11	a	a	DET
cice-11468	49	12	comparison	comparison	NOUN
cice-11468	49	13	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	49	14	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	49	15	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	49	16	compelling	compelling	ADJ
cice-11468	49	17	similarities	similarity	NOUN
cice-11468	49	18	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	49	19	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	49	20	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	50	1	both	both	DET
cice-11468	50	2	nations	nation	NOUN
cice-11468	50	3	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	50	4	islands	island	NOUN
cice-11468	50	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	50	6	members	member	NOUN
cice-11468	50	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	50	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	50	9	commonwealth	commonwealth	NOUN
cice-11468	50	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	50	11	former	former	ADJ
cice-11468	50	12	british	british	ADJ
cice-11468	50	13	colonies	colony	NOUN
cice-11468	50	14	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	50	15	started	start	VERB
cice-11468	50	16	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	50	17	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	50	18	journey	journey	NOUN
cice-11468	50	19	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	50	20	the	the	DET
cice-11468	50	21	1960s	1960s	NUM
cice-11468	50	22	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	51	1	however	however	ADV
cice-11468	51	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	51	3	both	both	DET
cice-11468	51	4	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	51	5	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	51	6	vastly	vastly	ADV
cice-11468	51	7	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	51	8	roles	role	NOUN
cice-11468	51	9	within	within	ADP
cice-11468	51	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	51	11	british	british	ADJ
cice-11468	51	12	empire	empire	NOUN
cice-11468	51	13	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	51	14	shaped	shape	VERB
cice-11468	51	15	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	51	16	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	51	17	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	51	18	independence	independence	ADJ
cice-11468	51	19	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	51	20	directions	direction	NOUN
cice-11468	51	21	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	51	22	path	path	NOUN
cice-11468	51	23	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	51	24	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	51	25	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	51	26	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	52	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
cice-11468	52	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	52	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	52	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	52	5	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	52	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	52	7	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	52	8	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	52	9	can	can	AUX
cice-11468	52	10	not	not	PART
cice-11468	52	11	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	52	12	separated	separate	VERB
cice-11468	52	13	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	52	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	52	15	impact	impact	NOUN
cice-11468	52	16	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	52	17	social	social	ADJ
cice-11468	52	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	52	19	cultural	cultural	ADJ
cice-11468	52	20	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	52	21	geo	geo	PROPN
cice-11468	52	22	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	52	23	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	52	24	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	52	25	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	52	26	crossley	crossley	NOUN
cice-11468	52	27	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	52	28	holmes	holmes	PROPN
cice-11468	52	29	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	52	30	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	52	31	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	52	32	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	53	1	thus	thus	ADV
cice-11468	53	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	53	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	53	4	comparing	compare	VERB
cice-11468	53	5	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	53	6	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	53	7	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	53	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	53	9	a	a	DET
cice-11468	53	10	few	few	ADJ
cice-11468	53	11	points	point	NOUN
cice-11468	53	12	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	53	13	context	context	NOUN
cice-11468	53	14	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	53	15	important	important	ADJ
cice-11468	53	16	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	53	17	they	they	PRON
cice-11468	53	18	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	53	19	partly	partly	ADV
cice-11468	53	20	explain	explain	VERB
cice-11468	53	21	the	the	DET
cice-11468	53	22	disparities	disparity	NOUN
cice-11468	53	23	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	53	24	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	53	25	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	53	26	as	as	ADV
cice-11468	53	27	well	well	ADV
cice-11468	53	28	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	53	29	contextualize	contextualize	VERB
cice-11468	53	30	the	the	DET
cice-11468	53	31	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	53	32	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	53	33	pursued	pursue	VERB
cice-11468	53	34	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	53	35	each	each	DET
cice-11468	53	36	country	country	NOUN
cice-11468	53	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	54	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	54	2	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	54	3	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	54	4	gained	gain	VERB
cice-11468	54	5	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	54	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	54	7	1962	1962	NUM
cice-11468	54	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	54	9	1965	1965	NUM
cice-11468	54	10	respectively	respectively	ADV
cice-11468	54	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	54	12	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	54	13	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	54	14	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	54	15	colonial	colonial	ADJ
cice-11468	54	16	legacies	legacy	NOUN
cice-11468	54	17	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	55	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	55	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
cice-11468	55	3	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	55	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	55	5	assimilation	assimilation	NOUN
cice-11468	55	6	process	process	NOUN
cice-11468	55	7	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	55	8	complemented	complement	VERB
cice-11468	55	9	colonization	colonization	NOUN
cice-11468	55	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	55	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	55	12	americas	america	NOUN
cice-11468	55	13	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	55	14	singaporeans	singaporeans	PROPN
cice-11468	55	15	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	55	16	the	the	DET
cice-11468	55	17	colonial	colonial	ADJ
cice-11468	55	18	era	era	NOUN
cice-11468	55	19	could	could	AUX
cice-11468	55	20	freely	freely	ADV
cice-11468	55	21	practice	practice	VERB
cice-11468	55	22	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	55	23	own	own	ADJ
cice-11468	55	24	religions	religion	NOUN
cice-11468	55	25	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	55	26	speak	speak	VERB
cice-11468	55	27	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	55	28	own	own	ADJ
cice-11468	55	29	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	55	30	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	55	31	boon	boon	NOUN
cice-11468	55	32	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	55	33	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	55	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	55	35	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	55	36	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	55	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	56	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	56	2	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	56	3	under	under	ADP
cice-11468	56	4	british	british	ADJ
cice-11468	56	5	colonial	colonial	ADJ
cice-11468	56	6	rule	rule	NOUN
cice-11468	56	7	longer	long	ADV
cice-11468	56	8	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	56	9	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	56	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	56	11	both	both	DET
cice-11468	56	12	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	56	13	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	56	14	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	56	15	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	56	16	drivers	driver	NOUN
cice-11468	56	17	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	57	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	57	2	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	57	3	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cice-11468	57	4	to	to	PART
cice-11468	57	5	assess	assess	VERB
cice-11468	57	6	how	how	SCONJ
cice-11468	57	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	57	8	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
cice-11468	57	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	57	10	each	each	DET
cice-11468	57	11	country	country	NOUN
cice-11468	57	12	differed	differ	VERB
cice-11468	57	13	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	57	14	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	57	15	because	because	SCONJ
cice-11468	57	16	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	57	17	limited	limited	ADJ
cice-11468	57	18	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	57	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	57	20	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	57	21	data	datum	NOUN
cice-11468	57	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	57	23	however	however	ADV
cice-11468	57	24	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	57	25	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	57	26	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	57	27	plausible	plausible	ADJ
cice-11468	57	28	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	57	29	colonial	colonial	ADJ
cice-11468	57	30	experiences	experience	NOUN
cice-11468	57	31	play	play	VERB
cice-11468	57	32	a	a	DET
cice-11468	57	33	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	57	34	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	57	35	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	57	36	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	57	37	independence	independence	ADJ
cice-11468	57	38	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	57	39	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	57	40	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	58	1	table	table	NOUN
cice-11468	58	2	1	1	NUM
cice-11468	58	3	summarizes	summarize	NOUN
cice-11468	58	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	58	5	basic	basic	ADJ
cice-11468	58	6	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	58	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	58	8	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	58	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	58	10	social	social	ADJ
cice-11468	58	11	features	feature	NOUN
cice-11468	58	12	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	58	13	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	58	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	58	15	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	58	16	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	58	17	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	58	18	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	58	19	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	58	20	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	59	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	59	2	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	59	3	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	59	4	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	59	5	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	59	6	histories	history	NOUN
cice-11468	59	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	59	8	colonialism	colonialism	NOUN
cice-11468	59	9	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	59	10	virtue	virtue	NOUN
cice-11468	59	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	59	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	59	13	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	59	14	roles	role	NOUN
cice-11468	59	15	each	each	DET
cice-11468	59	16	colony	colony	NOUN
cice-11468	59	17	played	play	VERB
cice-11468	59	18	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	59	19	the	the	DET
cice-11468	59	20	british	british	ADJ
cice-11468	59	21	empire	empire	NOUN
cice-11468	59	22	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	60	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	60	2	provided	provide	VERB
cice-11468	60	3	raw	raw	ADJ
cice-11468	60	4	materials	material	NOUN
cice-11468	60	5	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	60	6	markets	market	NOUN
cice-11468	60	7	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	60	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	60	9	british	british	ADJ
cice-11468	60	10	empire	empire	NOUN
cice-11468	60	11	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	60	12	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	60	13	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	60	14	mainly	mainly	ADV
cice-11468	60	15	a	a	DET
cice-11468	60	16	regional	regional	ADJ
cice-11468	60	17	trade	trade	NOUN
cice-11468	60	18	node	node	NOUN
cice-11468	60	19	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	61	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	61	2	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	61	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	61	4	plantation	plantation	NOUN
cice-11468	61	5	society	society	NOUN
cice-11468	61	6	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	61	7	slavery	slavery	NOUN
cice-11468	61	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	61	9	a	a	DET
cice-11468	61	10	predominantly	predominantly	ADV
cice-11468	61	11	black	black	ADJ
cice-11468	61	12	population	population	NOUN
cice-11468	61	13	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	62	1	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	62	2	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	62	3	typical	typical	ADJ
cice-11468	62	4	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	62	5	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	62	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	62	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	62	8	anglophone	anglophone	ADJ
cice-11468	62	9	caribbean	caribbean	ADJ
cice-11468	62	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	62	11	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	62	12	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	62	13	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	62	14	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	62	15	restricted	restrict	VERB
cice-11468	62	16	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	62	17	the	the	DET
cice-11468	62	18	planter	planter	NOUN
cice-11468	62	19	class	class	NOUN
cice-11468	62	20	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	62	21	a	a	DET
cice-11468	62	22	tiered	tiered	ADJ
cice-11468	62	23	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	62	24	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	62	25	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	62	26	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
cice-11468	62	27	persisted	persist	VERB
cice-11468	62	28	into	into	ADP
cice-11468	62	29	the	the	DET
cice-11468	62	30	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	62	31	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	62	32	independence	independence	ADJ
cice-11468	62	33	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	62	34	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	62	35	evans	evans	PROPN
cice-11468	62	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	62	37	2001	2001	NUM
cice-11468	62	38	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	62	39	jules	jule	NOUN
cice-11468	62	40	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	62	41	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	62	42	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	62	43	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	63	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	63	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
cice-11468	63	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	63	4	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	63	5	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	63	6	a	a	DET
cice-11468	63	7	diverse	diverse	ADJ
cice-11468	63	8	state	state	NOUN
cice-11468	63	9	composed	compose	VERB
cice-11468	63	10	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	63	11	chinese	chinese	PROPN
cice-11468	63	12	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	63	13	tamil	tamil	PROPN
cice-11468	63	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	63	15	malay	malay	NOUN
cice-11468	63	16	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
cice-11468	63	17	groups	group	NOUN
cice-11468	63	18	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	63	19	no	no	DET
cice-11468	63	20	slavery	slavery	NOUN
cice-11468	63	21	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	64	1	both	both	DET
cice-11468	64	2	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	64	3	inherited	inherit	VERB
cice-11468	64	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	64	5	westminster	westminster	NOUN
cice-11468	64	6	parliamentary	parliamentary	ADJ
cice-11468	64	7	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	64	8	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	64	9	over	over	ADP
cice-11468	64	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	64	11	next	next	ADJ
cice-11468	64	12	50	50	NUM
cice-11468	64	13	years	year	NOUN
cice-11468	64	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	64	15	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	64	16	maintained	maintain	VERB
cice-11468	64	17	a	a	DET
cice-11468	64	18	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	64	19	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	64	20	party	party	NOUN
cice-11468	64	21	democracy	democracy	NOUN
cice-11468	64	22	compared	compare	VERB
cice-11468	64	23	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	64	24	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	64	25	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	64	26	de	de	X
cice-11468	64	27	facto	facto	X
cice-11468	64	28	one	one	NUM
cice-11468	64	29	party	party	NOUN
cice-11468	64	30	democracy	democracy	NOUN
cice-11468	64	31	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	65	1	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	65	2	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	65	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	65	4	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	65	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	65	6	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	65	7	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	65	8	11	11	NUM
cice-11468	65	9	parliamentary	parliamentary	ADJ
cice-11468	65	10	elections	election	NOUN
cice-11468	65	11	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	65	12	eight	eight	NUM
cice-11468	65	13	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	65	14	prime	prime	ADJ
cice-11468	65	15	ministers	minister	NOUN
cice-11468	65	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	65	17	the	the	DET
cice-11468	65	18	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	65	19	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	65	20	changed	change	VERB
cice-11468	65	21	several	several	ADJ
cice-11468	65	22	times	time	NOUN
cice-11468	65	23	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	65	24	the	the	DET
cice-11468	65	25	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	65	26	major	major	ADJ
cice-11468	65	27	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	65	28	parties	party	NOUN
cice-11468	65	29	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	66	1	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	66	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	66	3	contrary	contrary	NOUN
cice-11468	66	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	66	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	66	6	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	66	7	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	66	8	three	three	NUM
cice-11468	66	9	prime	prime	ADJ
cice-11468	66	10	ministers	minister	NOUN
cice-11468	66	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	66	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	66	13	same	same	ADJ
cice-11468	66	14	party	party	NOUN
cice-11468	66	15	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	66	16	been	be	AUX
cice-11468	66	17	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	66	18	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	66	19	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	66	20	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	66	21	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	66	22	117	117	NUM
cice-11468	66	23	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	66	24	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	66	25	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	66	26	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	66	27	development	development	PROPN
cice-11468	66	28	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	66	29	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	66	30	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	66	31	land	land	NOUN
cice-11468	66	32	area	area	NOUN
cice-11468	66	33	british	british	ADJ
cice-11468	66	34	colonial	colonial	ADJ
cice-11468	66	35	rule	rule	NOUN
cice-11468	66	36	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	66	37	achieved	achieve	VERB
cice-11468	66	38	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	66	39	parliamentary	parliamentary	ADJ
cice-11468	66	40	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	66	41	leadership	leadership	NOUN
cice-11468	66	42	approx	approx	NOUN
cice-11468	66	43	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	67	1	11,000	11,000	NUM
cice-11468	67	2	square	square	ADJ
cice-11468	67	3	kilomaters	kilomater	NOUN
cice-11468	67	4	1655	1655	NUM
cice-11468	67	5	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	67	6	1962	1962	NUM
cice-11468	67	7	august	august	PROPN
cice-11468	67	8	1962	1962	NUM
cice-11468	67	9	bicameral	bicameral	ADJ
cice-11468	67	10	parliament	parliament	NOUN
cice-11468	67	11	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	67	12	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cice-11468	67	13	branch	branch	NOUN
cice-11468	67	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	67	15	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	67	16	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	67	17	parliamentary	parliamentary	ADJ
cice-11468	67	18	democracy	democracy	NOUN
cice-11468	67	19	8	8	NUM
cice-11468	67	20	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	67	21	prime	prime	ADJ
cice-11468	67	22	ministers	minister	NOUN
cice-11468	67	23	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	67	24	competitive	competitive	ADJ
cice-11468	67	25	multiparty	multiparty	NOUN
cice-11468	67	26	elections	election	NOUN
cice-11468	67	27	approx	approx	NOUN
cice-11468	67	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	1	700	700	NUM
cice-11468	68	2	square	square	ADJ
cice-11468	68	3	kilometers	kilometer	NOUN
cice-11468	68	4	1819	1819	NUM
cice-11468	68	5	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	68	6	1965	1965	NUM
cice-11468	68	7	august	august	PROPN
cice-11468	68	8	1965	1965	NUM
cice-11468	68	9	unicameral	unicameral	ADJ
cice-11468	68	10	parliament	parliament	NOUN
cice-11468	68	11	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	68	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	68	13	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cice-11468	68	14	branch	branch	NOUN
cice-11468	68	15	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	68	16	the	the	DET
cice-11468	68	17	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	68	18	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	68	19	parliamentary	parliamentary	ADJ
cice-11468	68	20	republic	republic	NOUN
cice-11468	68	21	3	3	NUM
cice-11468	68	22	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	68	23	prime	prime	ADJ
cice-11468	68	24	ministers	minister	NOUN
cice-11468	68	25	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	26	people	people	NOUN
cice-11468	68	27	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	68	28	action	action	NOUN
cice-11468	68	29	party	party	NOUN
cice-11468	68	30	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	68	31	won	win	VERB
cice-11468	68	32	every	every	DET
cice-11468	68	33	election	election	NOUN
cice-11468	68	34	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	68	35	majorities	majority	NOUN
cice-11468	68	36	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	68	37	per	per	ADP
cice-11468	68	38	capita	capita	X
cice-11468	68	39	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	68	40	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	41	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	68	42	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	43	per	per	ADP
cice-11468	68	44	capita	capita	X
cice-11468	68	45	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	68	46	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	47	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	68	48	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	49	natural	natural	ADJ
cice-11468	68	50	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	68	51	main	main	ADJ
cice-11468	68	52	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	68	53	activities	activity	NOUN
cice-11468	68	54	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	68	55	6,417	6,417	NUM
cice-11468	68	56	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	68	57	8,539	8,539	NUM
cice-11468	68	58	bauxite	bauxite	ADJ
cice-11468	68	59	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	68	60	alumina	alumina	NOUN
cice-11468	68	61	tourism	tourism	NOUN
cice-11468	68	62	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	63	bauxite	bauxite	NOUN
cice-11468	68	64	export	export	NOUN
cice-11468	68	65	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	66	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
cice-11468	68	67	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	68	sugar	sugar	NOUN
cice-11468	68	69	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	70	banana	banana	NOUN
cice-11468	68	71	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	72	coffee	coffee	NOUN
cice-11468	68	73	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	74	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	75	remittances	remittance	NOUN
cice-11468	68	76	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	68	77	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	68	78	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	79	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	68	80	consisted	consist	VERB
cice-11468	68	81	mainly	mainly	ADV
cice-11468	68	82	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	68	83	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
cice-11468	68	84	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	85	bauxite	bauxite	NOUN
cice-11468	68	86	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	87	tourism	tourism	NOUN
cice-11468	68	88	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	68	89	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	68	90	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	91	bauxite	bauxite	ADJ
cice-11468	68	92	influence	influence	NOUN
cice-11468	68	93	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	68	94	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	68	95	wanes	wane	NOUN
cice-11468	68	96	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	97	tourism	tourism	NOUN
cice-11468	68	98	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	99	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
cice-11468	68	100	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	68	101	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
cice-11468	68	102	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	68	103	remittances	remittance	NOUN
cice-11468	68	104	begins	begin	VERB
cice-11468	68	105	to	to	PART
cice-11468	68	106	wax	wax	VERB
cice-11468	68	107	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	69	2	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	69	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	69	5	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	69	6	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	69	7	heavily	heavily	ADV
cice-11468	69	8	dependent	dependent	ADJ
cice-11468	69	9	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	69	10	services	service	NOUN
cice-11468	69	11	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	12	60	60	NUM
cice-11468	69	13	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	69	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	69	15	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	69	16	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	17	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	18	remittances	remittance	NOUN
cice-11468	69	19	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	20	15	15	NUM
cice-11468	69	21	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	69	22	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	23	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	24	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	69	25	tourism	tourism	NOUN
cice-11468	69	26	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	27	15	15	NUM
cice-11468	69	28	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	69	29	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	30	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	69	31	4,383	4,383	NUM
cice-11468	69	32	$	$	SYM
cice-11468	69	33	55,862	55,862	NUM
cice-11468	69	34	none	none	NOUN
cice-11468	69	35	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
cice-11468	69	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	37	services	service	NOUN
cice-11468	69	38	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	39	hi	hi	ADJ
cice-11468	69	40	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	41	tech	tech	NOUN
cice-11468	69	42	industries	industry	NOUN
cice-11468	69	43	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	69	44	trade	trade	NOUN
cice-11468	69	45	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	70	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	70	2	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	70	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	70	4	mainly	mainly	ADV
cice-11468	70	5	trade	trade	NOUN
cice-11468	70	6	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	70	7	based	base	VERB
cice-11468	70	8	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	70	9	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	70	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	70	11	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	70	12	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	70	13	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	70	14	diversified	diversify	VERB
cice-11468	70	15	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	70	16	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
cice-11468	70	17	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	70	18	financial	financial	ADJ
cice-11468	70	19	services	service	NOUN
cice-11468	70	20	oil	oil	NOUN
cice-11468	70	21	refinery	refinery	NOUN
cice-11468	70	22	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	71	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	71	2	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	71	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	71	4	a	a	DET
cice-11468	71	5	highly	highly	ADV
cice-11468	71	6	developed	develop	VERB
cice-11468	71	7	marketbased	marketbase	VERB
cice-11468	71	8	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	71	9	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	71	10	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
cice-11468	71	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	71	12	services	service	NOUN
cice-11468	71	13	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	71	14	high	high	ADJ
cice-11468	71	15	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	71	16	technology	technology	NOUN
cice-11468	71	17	driven	drive	VERB
cice-11468	71	18	industries	industry	NOUN
cice-11468	71	19	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	71	20	highest	high	ADJ
cice-11468	71	21	trade	trade	NOUN
cice-11468	71	22	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	71	23	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	71	24	ratio	ratio	NOUN
cice-11468	71	25	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	71	26	the	the	DET
cice-11468	71	27	world	world	NOUN
cice-11468	71	28	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	71	29	more	more	ADJ
cice-11468	71	30	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	71	31	7000	7000	NUM
cice-11468	71	32	multinational	multinational	ADJ
cice-11468	71	33	corporations	corporation	NOUN
cice-11468	71	34	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	72	1	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	72	2	ministry	ministry	PROPN
cice-11468	72	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	72	4	ed	ed	PROPN
cice-11468	72	5	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	1	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	73	2	adult	adult	NOUN
cice-11468	73	3	literary	literary	ADJ
cice-11468	73	4	public	public	ADJ
cice-11468	73	5	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
cice-11468	73	6	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	73	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	73	8	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	9	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	73	10	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	73	11	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	73	12	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	13	oversees	oversee	VERB
cice-11468	73	14	formulation	formulation	NOUN
cice-11468	73	15	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	73	16	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cice-11468	73	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	73	18	all	all	DET
cice-11468	73	19	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	73	20	adult	adult	NOUN
cice-11468	73	21	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	73	22	rate	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	73	23	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	24	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	73	25	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	26	–	–	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	27	80	80	NUM
cice-11468	73	28	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	73	29	adult	adult	NOUN
cice-11468	73	30	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	73	31	rate	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	73	32	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	33	2009	2009	NUM
cice-11468	73	34	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	35	–	–	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	36	86	86	NUM
cice-11468	73	37	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	73	38	5.5	5.5	NUM
cice-11468	73	39	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	73	40	oversees	oversee	VERB
cice-11468	73	41	formulation	formulation	NOUN
cice-11468	73	42	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	73	43	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cice-11468	73	44	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	73	45	all	all	DET
cice-11468	73	46	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	73	47	adult	adult	NOUN
cice-11468	73	48	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	73	49	rate	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	73	50	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	51	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	73	52	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	53	–	–	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	54	83	83	NUM
cice-11468	73	55	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	73	56	adult	adult	NOUN
cice-11468	73	57	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	73	58	rate	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	73	59	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	60	2009	2009	NUM
cice-11468	73	61	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	62	–	–	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	63	95	95	NUM
cice-11468	73	64	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	73	65	3.5	3.5	NUM
cice-11468	73	66	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	73	67	cultural	cultural	ADJ
cice-11468	73	68	population	population	NOUN
cice-11468	73	69	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	70	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	73	71	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	72	population	population	NOUN
cice-11468	73	73	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	74	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	73	75	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	76	1.6	1.6	NUM
cice-11468	73	77	million	million	NUM
cice-11468	73	78	2.8	2.8	NUM
cice-11468	73	79	million	million	NUM
cice-11468	73	80	majority	majority	NOUN
cice-11468	73	81	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	73	82	population	population	NOUN
cice-11468	73	83	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	73	84	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	73	85	african	african	ADJ
cice-11468	73	86	descent	descent	NOUN
cice-11468	73	87	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	88	95	95	NUM
cice-11468	73	89	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	73	90	black	black	ADJ
cice-11468	73	91	jamaican	jamaican	ADJ
cice-11468	73	92	patois	patois	NOUN
cice-11468	73	93	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	73	94	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	73	95	dialect	dialect	NOUN
cice-11468	73	96	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	73	97	most	most	ADV
cice-11468	73	98	spoken	speak	VERB
cice-11468	73	99	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	73	100	the	the	DET
cice-11468	73	101	island	island	NOUN
cice-11468	73	102	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	73	103	english	english	PROPN
cice-11468	73	104	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	73	105	the	the	DET
cice-11468	73	106	official	official	ADJ
cice-11468	73	107	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	73	108	emigration	emigration	NOUN
cice-11468	73	109	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	73	110	heavy	heavy	ADJ
cice-11468	73	111	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	73	112	consistent	consistent	ADJ
cice-11468	73	113	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	73	114	us	we	PRON
cice-11468	73	115	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	73	116	uk	uk	PROPN
cice-11468	73	117	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	73	118	canada	canada	PROPN
cice-11468	73	119	1.6	1.6	NUM
cice-11468	73	120	million	million	NUM
cice-11468	73	121	4.7	4.7	NUM
cice-11468	73	122	million	million	NUM
cice-11468	73	123	approximately	approximately	ADV
cice-11468	73	124	3	3	NUM
cice-11468	73	125	million	million	NUM
cice-11468	73	126	people	people	NOUN
cice-11468	73	127	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	73	128	locally	locally	ADV
cice-11468	73	129	born	bear	VERB
cice-11468	73	130	signaling	signal	VERB
cice-11468	73	131	an	an	DET
cice-11468	73	132	influx	influx	NOUN
cice-11468	73	133	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	73	134	foreigners	foreigner	NOUN
cice-11468	73	135	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	73	136	large	large	ADJ
cice-11468	73	137	number	number	NOUN
cice-11468	73	138	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	73	139	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
cice-11468	73	140	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	1	majority	majority	NOUN
cice-11468	74	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	74	3	population	population	NOUN
cice-11468	74	4	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	74	5	composed	compose	VERB
cice-11468	74	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	74	7	three	three	NUM
cice-11468	74	8	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
cice-11468	74	9	groups	group	NOUN
cice-11468	74	10	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	11	chinese	chinese	X
cice-11468	74	12	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	13	74	74	NUM
cice-11468	74	14	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	74	15	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	17	indian	indian	PROPN
cice-11468	74	18	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	19	13	13	NUM
cice-11468	74	20	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	74	21	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	22	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	74	23	malay	malay	NOUN
cice-11468	74	24	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	25	9	9	NUM
cice-11468	74	26	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	74	27	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	28	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	74	29	are	be	VERB
cice-11468	74	30	four	four	NUM
cice-11468	74	31	official	official	ADJ
cice-11468	74	32	languages	language	NOUN
cice-11468	74	33	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	34	english	english	PROPN
cice-11468	74	35	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	36	malay	malay	NOUN
cice-11468	74	37	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	74	38	tamil	tamil	PROPN
cice-11468	74	39	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	74	40	chinese	chinese	ADJ
cice-11468	74	41	table	table	NOUN
cice-11468	75	1	1	1	NUM
cice-11468	75	2	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	3	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	75	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	5	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	75	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	75	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	75	9	cultural	cultural	ADJ
cice-11468	75	10	features	feature	NOUN
cice-11468	75	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	75	12	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	75	13	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	75	14	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	75	15	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	16	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	75	17	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	75	18	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	75	19	sources	source	NOUN
cice-11468	75	20	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	21	aldcroft	aldcroft	ADJ
cice-11468	75	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	23	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	75	24	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	25	cia	cia	PROPN
cice-11468	75	26	factbook	factbook	NOUN
cice-11468	75	27	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	28	2012	2012	NUM
cice-11468	75	29	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	30	heston	heston	PROPN
cice-11468	75	31	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	75	32	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	75	33	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	75	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	35	2012	2012	NUM
cice-11468	75	36	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	37	penn	penn	PROPN
cice-11468	75	38	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	75	39	tables	table	NOUN
cice-11468	75	40	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	41	7.1	7.1	NUM
cice-11468	75	42	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	43	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	44	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	75	45	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	75	46	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	47	2011	2011	NUM
cice-11468	75	48	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	75	49	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	76	1	118	118	NUM
cice-11468	76	2	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	76	3	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	76	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	76	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	76	6	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	76	7	welsh	welsh	NOUN
cice-11468	76	8	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	76	9	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	76	10	over	over	ADP
cice-11468	76	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	76	12	last	last	ADJ
cice-11468	76	13	50	50	NUM
cice-11468	76	14	years	year	NOUN
cice-11468	76	15	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	77	1	given	give	VERB
cice-11468	77	2	that	that	DET
cice-11468	77	3	social	social	ADJ
cice-11468	77	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	77	5	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	77	6	instability	instability	NOUN
cice-11468	77	7	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	77	8	central	central	ADJ
cice-11468	77	9	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	77	10	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	77	11	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	77	12	curtail	curtail	VERB
cice-11468	77	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	77	14	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	77	15	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	77	16	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	77	17	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	77	18	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	77	19	wint	wint	NOUN
cice-11468	77	20	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	77	21	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	77	22	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	77	23	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	77	24	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	77	25	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	77	26	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	77	27	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	77	28	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	77	29	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	77	30	undoubtedly	undoubtedly	ADV
cice-11468	77	31	influenced	influence	VERB
cice-11468	77	32	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	77	33	the	the	DET
cice-11468	77	34	stability	stability	NOUN
cice-11468	77	35	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	77	36	the	the	DET
cice-11468	77	37	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	77	38	leadership	leadership	NOUN
cice-11468	77	39	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	77	40	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	77	41	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	77	42	first	first	ADJ
cice-11468	77	43	prime	prime	PROPN
cice-11468	77	44	minister	minister	PROPN
cice-11468	77	45	lee	lee	PROPN
cice-11468	77	46	kuan	kuan	PROPN
cice-11468	77	47	yew	yew	PROPN
cice-11468	77	48	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	77	49	who	who	PRON
cice-11468	77	50	remained	remain	VERB
cice-11468	77	51	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	77	52	power	power	NOUN
cice-11468	77	53	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	77	54	nearly	nearly	ADV
cice-11468	77	55	three	three	NUM
cice-11468	77	56	decades	decade	NOUN
cice-11468	77	57	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	1	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	78	2	1972	1972	NUM
cice-11468	78	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	4	freedom	freedom	NOUN
cice-11468	78	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	78	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	78	7	world	world	NOUN
cice-11468	78	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	9	a	a	DET
cice-11468	78	10	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	78	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cice-11468	78	12	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	78	13	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	78	14	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	78	15	rights	right	NOUN
cice-11468	78	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	78	17	civil	civil	ADJ
cice-11468	78	18	liberties	liberty	NOUN
cice-11468	78	19	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	20	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	78	21	consistently	consistently	ADV
cice-11468	78	22	rated	rate	VERB
cice-11468	78	23	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	78	24	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	78	25	‘	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	26	free	free	ADJ
cice-11468	78	27	’	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	28	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	78	29	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	78	30	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	78	31	rated	rate	VERB
cice-11468	78	32	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	78	33	‘	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	34	partly	partly	ADV
cice-11468	78	35	free	free	ADJ
cice-11468	78	36	’	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	37	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	38	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	78	39	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	40	unlike	unlike	ADP
cice-11468	78	41	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	78	42	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	43	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	78	44	classified	classify	VERB
cice-11468	78	45	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	78	46	an	an	DET
cice-11468	78	47	electoral	electoral	ADJ
cice-11468	78	48	democracy	democracy	NOUN
cice-11468	78	49	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	50	freedom	freedom	NOUN
cice-11468	78	51	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	78	52	the	the	DET
cice-11468	78	53	world	world	NOUN
cice-11468	78	54	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	55	2012	2012	NUM
cice-11468	78	56	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	78	57	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	79	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	79	2	many	many	ADJ
cice-11468	79	3	instances	instance	NOUN
cice-11468	79	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	79	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	79	6	agenda	agenda	NOUN
cice-11468	79	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	79	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	79	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	79	10	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	79	11	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	79	12	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	79	13	significantly	significantly	ADV
cice-11468	79	14	influenced	influence	VERB
cice-11468	79	15	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	79	16	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
cice-11468	79	17	advanced	advance	VERB
cice-11468	79	18	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	79	19	multilateral	multilateral	ADJ
cice-11468	79	20	organizations	organization	NOUN
cice-11468	79	21	instead	instead	ADV
cice-11468	79	22	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	79	23	endogenous	endogenous	ADJ
cice-11468	79	24	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	79	25	imperatives	imperative	NOUN
cice-11468	79	26	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	79	27	jules	jule	NOUN
cice-11468	79	28	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	79	29	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	79	30	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	79	31	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	80	1	thus	thus	ADV
cice-11468	80	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	80	3	geo	geo	PROPN
cice-11468	80	4	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	80	5	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	80	6	positioning	positioning	NOUN
cice-11468	80	7	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	80	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	80	9	impact	impact	NOUN
cice-11468	80	10	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	80	11	international	international	ADJ
cice-11468	80	12	financial	financial	ADJ
cice-11468	80	13	institutions	institution	NOUN
cice-11468	80	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	80	15	regional	regional	ADJ
cice-11468	80	16	groups	group	NOUN
cice-11468	80	17	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	80	18	other	other	ADJ
cice-11468	80	19	special	special	ADJ
cice-11468	80	20	interests	interest	NOUN
cice-11468	80	21	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	80	22	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	80	23	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	80	24	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	80	25	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	80	26	also	also	ADV
cice-11468	80	27	vary	vary	VERB
cice-11468	80	28	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	80	29	the	the	DET
cice-11468	80	30	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	80	31	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	80	32	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	81	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	81	2	started	start	VERB
cice-11468	81	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	81	4	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	81	5	process	process	NOUN
cice-11468	81	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	81	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	81	8	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	81	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	81	10	a	a	DET
cice-11468	81	11	fragile	fragile	ADJ
cice-11468	81	12	geo	geo	PROPN
cice-11468	81	13	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	81	14	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	81	15	environment	environment	NOUN
cice-11468	81	16	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	81	17	prompted	prompt	VERB
cice-11468	81	18	rapid	rapid	ADJ
cice-11468	81	19	industrialization	industrialization	NOUN
cice-11468	81	20	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	81	21	an	an	DET
cice-11468	81	22	abundance	abundance	NOUN
cice-11468	81	23	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	81	24	unskilled	unskilled	ADJ
cice-11468	81	25	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	81	26	low	low	ADJ
cice-11468	81	27	cost	cost	NOUN
cice-11468	81	28	labor	labor	NOUN
cice-11468	81	29	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	81	30	ashton	ashton	PROPN
cice-11468	81	31	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	81	32	green	green	PROPN
cice-11468	81	33	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	81	34	sung	sung	PROPN
cice-11468	81	35	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	81	36	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	81	37	james	james	PROPN
cice-11468	81	38	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	81	39	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	81	40	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	81	41	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	82	1	historically	historically	ADV
cice-11468	82	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	82	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	82	4	caribbean	caribbean	ADJ
cice-11468	82	5	community	community	NOUN
cice-11468	82	6	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	82	7	caricom	caricom	PROPN
cice-11468	82	8	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	82	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	82	10	a	a	DET
cice-11468	82	11	regional	regional	ADJ
cice-11468	82	12	organization	organization	NOUN
cice-11468	82	13	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	82	14	caribbean	caribbean	ADJ
cice-11468	82	15	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	82	16	formed	form	VERB
cice-11468	82	17	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	82	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	82	19	1970s	1970	NOUN
cice-11468	82	20	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	82	21	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	82	22	played	play	VERB
cice-11468	82	23	a	a	DET
cice-11468	82	24	limited	limited	ADJ
cice-11468	82	25	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	82	26	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	82	27	the	the	DET
cice-11468	82	28	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	82	29	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	82	30	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	82	31	individual	individual	ADJ
cice-11468	82	32	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	82	33	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	82	34	jules	jule	NOUN
cice-11468	82	35	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	82	36	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	82	37	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	82	38	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	83	1	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	83	2	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	83	3	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	83	4	all	all	PRON
cice-11468	83	5	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	83	6	efa	efa	PROPN
cice-11468	83	7	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	83	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	83	9	an	an	DET
cice-11468	83	10	international	international	ADJ
cice-11468	83	11	initiative	initiative	NOUN
cice-11468	83	12	launched	launch	VERB
cice-11468	83	13	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	83	14	1990	1990	NUM
cice-11468	83	15	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	83	16	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	83	17	inputs	input	NOUN
cice-11468	83	18	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	83	19	caribbean	caribbean	ADJ
cice-11468	83	20	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	83	21	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	83	22	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	83	23	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	83	24	been	be	AUX
cice-11468	83	25	a	a	DET
cice-11468	83	26	greater	great	ADJ
cice-11468	83	27	effort	effort	NOUN
cice-11468	83	28	towards	towards	ADP
cice-11468	83	29	synchronization	synchronization	NOUN
cice-11468	83	30	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	83	31	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	83	32	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	83	33	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	83	34	the	the	DET
cice-11468	83	35	caribbean	caribbean	NOUN
cice-11468	83	36	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	83	37	mixed	mixed	ADJ
cice-11468	83	38	results	result	NOUN
cice-11468	83	39	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	83	40	miller	miller	NOUN
cice-11468	83	41	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	83	42	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	83	43	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	83	44	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	84	1	although	although	SCONJ
cice-11468	84	2	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	84	3	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	84	4	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	84	5	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	84	6	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	84	7	been	be	AUX
cice-11468	84	8	attributed	attribute	VERB
cice-11468	84	9	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	84	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	84	11	work	work	NOUN
cice-11468	84	12	ethic	ethic	ADJ
cice-11468	84	13	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	84	14	culture	culture	NOUN
cice-11468	84	15	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	84	16	singaporeans	singaporeans	PROPN
cice-11468	84	17	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	84	18	yew	yew	NOUN
cice-11468	84	19	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	84	20	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	84	21	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	84	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	84	23	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	84	24	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	84	25	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cice-11468	84	26	to	to	PART
cice-11468	84	27	compare	compare	VERB
cice-11468	84	28	the	the	DET
cice-11468	84	29	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	84	30	cultural	cultural	ADJ
cice-11468	84	31	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	84	32	played	play	VERB
cice-11468	84	33	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	84	34	the	the	DET
cice-11468	84	35	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	84	36	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	84	37	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	84	38	both	both	DET
cice-11468	84	39	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	84	40	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	85	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
cice-11468	85	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	85	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	85	4	coordination	coordination	NOUN
cice-11468	85	5	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	85	6	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	85	7	agencies	agency	NOUN
cice-11468	85	8	within	within	ADP
cice-11468	85	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	85	10	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	85	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	85	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	85	13	promotion	promotion	NOUN
cice-11468	85	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	85	15	greater	great	ADJ
cice-11468	85	16	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
cice-11468	85	17	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	85	18	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	85	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	85	20	other	other	ADJ
cice-11468	85	21	state	state	NOUN
cice-11468	85	22	ministries	ministry	NOUN
cice-11468	85	23	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	85	24	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	85	25	variations	variation	NOUN
cice-11468	85	26	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	85	27	management	management	NOUN
cice-11468	85	28	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	85	29	administrative	administrative	ADJ
cice-11468	85	30	skills	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	85	31	pose	pose	VERB
cice-11468	85	32	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cice-11468	85	33	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	85	34	comparing	compare	VERB
cice-11468	85	35	the	the	DET
cice-11468	85	36	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	85	37	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	85	38	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	86	1	population	population	NOUN
cice-11468	86	2	flows	flow	NOUN
cice-11468	86	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	86	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	86	5	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	86	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	86	7	foreign	foreign	ADJ
cice-11468	86	8	direct	direct	ADJ
cice-11468	86	9	investment	investment	NOUN
cice-11468	86	10	substantively	substantively	ADV
cice-11468	86	11	vary	vary	VERB
cice-11468	86	12	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	86	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	86	14	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	86	15	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	86	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	86	17	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	86	18	point	point	VERB
cice-11468	86	19	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	86	20	critical	critical	ADJ
cice-11468	86	21	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	86	22	regarding	regard	VERB
cice-11468	86	23	the	the	DET
cice-11468	86	24	available	available	ADJ
cice-11468	86	25	talent	talent	NOUN
cice-11468	86	26	pool	pool	NOUN
cice-11468	86	27	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	86	28	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	86	29	administration	administration	NOUN
cice-11468	86	30	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	86	31	the	the	DET
cice-11468	86	32	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	86	33	island	island	NOUN
cice-11468	86	34	nations	nation	NOUN
cice-11468	86	35	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	87	1	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	87	2	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	87	3	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	87	4	suffered	suffer	VERB
cice-11468	87	5	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	87	6	severe	severe	ADJ
cice-11468	87	7	brain	brain	NOUN
cice-11468	87	8	drain	drain	NOUN
cice-11468	87	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	87	10	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	87	11	has	have	VERB
cice-11468	87	12	high	high	ADJ
cice-11468	87	13	people	people	NOUN
cice-11468	87	14	flows	flow	NOUN
cice-11468	87	15	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	87	16	a	a	DET
cice-11468	87	17	substantial	substantial	ADJ
cice-11468	87	18	amount	amount	NOUN
cice-11468	87	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	87	20	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	87	21	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	87	22	population	population	NOUN
cice-11468	87	23	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	87	24	foreigners	foreigner	NOUN
cice-11468	87	25	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	88	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	88	2	net	net	ADJ
cice-11468	88	3	inflow	inflow	NOUN
cice-11468	88	4	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	88	5	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	88	6	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	88	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	88	8	singapore	singapore	NOUN
cice-11468	88	9	compared	compare	VERB
cice-11468	88	10	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	88	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	88	12	outflows	outflow	NOUN
cice-11468	88	13	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	88	14	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	88	15	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	88	16	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	88	17	indicative	indicative	ADJ
cice-11468	88	18	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	88	19	the	the	DET
cice-11468	88	20	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	88	21	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	88	22	the	the	DET
cice-11468	88	23	link	link	NOUN
cice-11468	88	24	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	88	25	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	88	26	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	88	27	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	88	28	job	job	NOUN
cice-11468	88	29	availability	availability	NOUN
cice-11468	88	30	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	88	31	each	each	DET
cice-11468	88	32	country	country	NOUN
cice-11468	88	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	89	1	though	though	SCONJ
cice-11468	89	2	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	89	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	89	4	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	89	5	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	89	6	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
cice-11468	89	7	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	89	8	near	near	ADP
cice-11468	89	9	universal	universal	ADJ
cice-11468	89	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	89	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	89	12	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	89	13	islands	island	NOUN
cice-11468	89	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	89	15	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	89	16	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	89	17	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	89	18	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	89	19	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	89	20	markedly	markedly	ADV
cice-11468	89	21	outperformed	outperform	VERB
cice-11468	89	22	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	89	23	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	89	24	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	89	25	both	both	DET
cice-11468	89	26	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	89	27	gained	gain	VERB
cice-11468	89	28	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	89	29	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	89	30	the	the	DET
cice-11468	89	31	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	89	32	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	90	1	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	90	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	90	3	2009	2009	NUM
cice-11468	90	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	90	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	90	6	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	90	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	90	8	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	90	9	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	90	10	rate	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	90	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	90	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	90	13	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	90	14	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	90	15	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	90	16	95	95	NUM
cice-11468	90	17	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	90	18	compared	compare	VERB
cice-11468	90	19	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	90	20	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	90	21	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	90	22	86	86	NUM
cice-11468	90	23	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	90	24	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	90	25	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	90	26	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	90	27	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	90	28	2011	2011	NUM
cice-11468	90	29	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	90	30	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	91	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	91	2	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	91	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	91	4	females	female	NOUN
cice-11468	91	5	have	have	VERB
cice-11468	91	6	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	91	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	91	8	rates	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	91	9	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	91	10	males	male	NOUN
cice-11468	91	11	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	91	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	91	13	opposite	opposite	NOUN
cice-11468	91	14	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	91	15	true	true	ADJ
cice-11468	91	16	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	91	17	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	91	18	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	92	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	92	2	terms	term	NOUN
cice-11468	92	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	92	4	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	92	5	attainment	attainment	NOUN
cice-11468	92	6	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	92	7	achievement	achievement	NOUN
cice-11468	92	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	92	9	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	92	10	has	have	VERB
cice-11468	92	11	a	a	DET
cice-11468	92	12	better	well	ADJ
cice-11468	92	13	gender	gender	NOUN
cice-11468	92	14	balance	balance	NOUN
cice-11468	92	15	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	92	16	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	92	17	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	93	1	a	a	DET
cice-11468	93	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
cice-11468	93	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	93	4	public	public	ADJ
cice-11468	93	5	spending	spending	NOUN
cice-11468	93	6	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	93	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	93	8	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	93	9	a	a	DET
cice-11468	93	10	percent	percent	NOUN
cice-11468	93	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	93	12	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	93	13	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	93	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	93	15	latter	latter	ADJ
cice-11468	93	16	half	half	NOUN
cice-11468	93	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	93	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	93	19	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
cice-11468	93	20	century	century	NOUN
cice-11468	93	21	indicates	indicate	VERB
cice-11468	93	22	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	93	23	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	93	24	spends	spend	VERB
cice-11468	93	25	relatively	relatively	ADV
cice-11468	93	26	less	less	ADJ
cice-11468	93	27	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	93	28	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	93	29	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	93	30	roughly	roughly	ADV
cice-11468	93	31	3.5	3.5	NUM
cice-11468	93	32	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	93	33	vs.	vs.	ADP
cice-11468	93	34	5.5	5.5	NUM
cice-11468	93	35	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	93	36	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	93	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	94	1	this	this	DET
cice-11468	94	2	disparity	disparity	NOUN
cice-11468	94	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	94	4	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
cice-11468	94	5	suggests	suggest	VERB
cice-11468	94	6	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	94	7	how	how	SCONJ
cice-11468	94	8	funds	fund	NOUN
cice-11468	94	9	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	94	10	used	use	VERB
cice-11468	94	11	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	94	12	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
cice-11468	94	13	more	more	ADV
cice-11468	94	14	important	important	ADJ
cice-11468	94	15	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	94	16	the	the	DET
cice-11468	94	17	scarcity	scarcity	NOUN
cice-11468	94	18	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	94	19	funds	fund	NOUN
cice-11468	94	20	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	94	21	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	94	22	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	94	23	often	often	ADV
cice-11468	94	24	face	face	VERB
cice-11468	94	25	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	95	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
cice-11468	95	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	95	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	95	4	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	95	5	experience	experience	NOUN
cice-11468	95	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	95	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	95	8	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	95	9	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	95	10	implies	imply	VERB
cice-11468	95	11	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	95	12	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	95	13	are	be	VERB
cice-11468	95	14	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	95	15	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	95	16	beyond	beyond	ADP
cice-11468	95	17	increased	increase	VERB
cice-11468	95	18	funding	funding	NOUN
cice-11468	95	19	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	95	20	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	95	21	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cice-11468	95	22	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	95	23	substantial	substantial	ADJ
cice-11468	95	24	improvement	improvement	NOUN
cice-11468	95	25	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	95	26	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	95	27	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cice-11468	95	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	96	1	expanding	expand	VERB
cice-11468	96	2	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	96	3	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	96	4	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	96	5	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	96	6	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	96	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	96	8	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	96	9	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	96	10	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	96	11	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	96	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	96	13	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	96	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	96	15	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	96	16	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	96	17	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	96	18	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	96	19	a	a	DET
cice-11468	96	20	transformative	transformative	ADJ
cice-11468	96	21	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	96	22	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	96	23	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	96	24	independence	independence	ADJ
cice-11468	96	25	era	era	NOUN
cice-11468	96	26	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	96	27	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	96	28	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	96	29	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	96	30	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	97	1	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	97	2	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	97	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	97	4	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	97	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	97	6	119	119	NUM
cice-11468	97	7	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	97	8	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	97	9	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	97	10	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	97	11	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	97	12	upon	upon	SCONJ
cice-11468	97	13	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	97	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	97	15	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	97	16	inherited	inherit	VERB
cice-11468	97	17	a	a	DET
cice-11468	97	18	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
cice-11468	97	19	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	97	20	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	97	21	english	english	PROPN
cice-11468	97	22	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	97	23	non	non	ADJ
cice-11468	97	24	-	-	PROPN
cice-11468	97	25	ministry	ministry	NOUN
cice-11468	97	26	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	97	27	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	97	28	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	97	29	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	97	30	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	97	31	funded	fund	VERB
cice-11468	97	32	vernacular	vernacular	ADJ
cice-11468	97	33	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	97	34	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	97	35	the	the	DET
cice-11468	97	36	main	main	ADJ
cice-11468	97	37	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	97	38	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cice-11468	97	39	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	97	40	to	to	PART
cice-11468	97	41	unify	unify	VERB
cice-11468	97	42	the	the	DET
cice-11468	97	43	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	97	44	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	97	45	integrate	integrate	VERB
cice-11468	97	46	the	the	DET
cice-11468	97	47	various	various	ADJ
cice-11468	97	48	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
cice-11468	97	49	groups	group	NOUN
cice-11468	97	50	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	97	51	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	97	52	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	97	53	boon	boon	NOUN
cice-11468	97	54	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	97	55	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	97	56	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	97	57	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	97	58	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	97	59	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	98	1	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	98	2	1953	1953	NUM
cice-11468	98	3	every	every	DET
cice-11468	98	4	public	public	ADJ
cice-11468	98	5	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	98	6	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	98	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	98	8	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	98	9	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	98	10	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	98	11	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	98	12	own	own	ADJ
cice-11468	98	13	independent	independent	ADJ
cice-11468	98	14	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	98	15	board	board	NOUN
cice-11468	98	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	98	17	which	which	PRON
cice-11468	98	18	hires	hire	VERB
cice-11468	98	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	98	20	fires	fire	NOUN
cice-11468	98	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
cice-11468	98	22	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	98	23	this	this	PRON
cice-11468	98	24	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	98	25	also	also	ADV
cice-11468	98	26	been	be	AUX
cice-11468	98	27	the	the	DET
cice-11468	98	28	case	case	NOUN
cice-11468	98	29	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	98	30	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	98	31	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	98	32	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	98	33	the	the	DET
cice-11468	98	34	latter	latter	ADJ
cice-11468	98	35	part	part	NOUN
cice-11468	98	36	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	98	37	the	the	DET
cice-11468	98	38	19th	19th	ADJ
cice-11468	98	39	century	century	NOUN
cice-11468	98	40	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	98	41	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	98	42	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	98	43	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	98	44	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	98	45	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	99	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	99	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	99	3	1950s	1950	NOUN
cice-11468	99	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	99	5	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	99	6	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	99	7	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	99	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	99	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	99	10	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	99	11	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	99	12	very	very	ADV
cice-11468	99	13	limited	limited	ADJ
cice-11468	99	14	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	99	15	a	a	DET
cice-11468	99	16	major	major	ADJ
cice-11468	99	17	expansion	expansion	NOUN
cice-11468	99	18	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	99	19	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	99	20	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	99	21	beginning	begin	VERB
cice-11468	99	22	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	99	23	the	the	DET
cice-11468	99	24	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	99	25	resulted	result	VERB
cice-11468	99	26	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	99	27	a	a	DET
cice-11468	99	28	dramatic	dramatic	ADJ
cice-11468	99	29	increase	increase	NOUN
cice-11468	99	30	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	99	31	the	the	DET
cice-11468	99	32	number	number	NOUN
cice-11468	99	33	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	99	34	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	99	35	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	99	36	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	99	37	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	99	38	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	99	39	1990	1990	NUM
cice-11468	99	40	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	99	41	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	100	1	tables	table	NOUN
cice-11468	100	2	2a	2a	NUM
cice-11468	100	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	100	4	2b	2b	NUM
cice-11468	100	5	summarizes	summarize	NOUN
cice-11468	100	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	100	7	main	main	ADJ
cice-11468	100	8	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	100	9	events	event	NOUN
cice-11468	100	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	100	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	100	12	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	100	13	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	100	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	100	15	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	100	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	100	17	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	100	18	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	100	19	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	100	20	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	100	21	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	100	22	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	101	1	upon	upon	SCONJ
cice-11468	101	2	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	101	3	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	101	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	101	5	expanding	expand	VERB
cice-11468	101	6	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	101	7	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	101	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	101	9	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	101	10	a	a	DET
cice-11468	101	11	major	major	ADJ
cice-11468	101	12	imperative	imperative	NOUN
cice-11468	101	13	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	101	14	both	both	DET
cice-11468	101	15	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	101	16	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	101	17	jules	jule	NOUN
cice-11468	101	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	101	19	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	101	20	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	101	21	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	101	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	101	23	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	101	24	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	101	25	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	102	1	however	however	ADV
cice-11468	102	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	102	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	102	4	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	102	5	diverged	diverge	VERB
cice-11468	102	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	102	7	deciding	decide	VERB
cice-11468	102	8	which	which	DET
cice-11468	102	9	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	102	10	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	102	11	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	102	12	to	to	PART
cice-11468	102	13	prioritize	prioritize	VERB
cice-11468	102	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	102	15	how	how	SCONJ
cice-11468	102	16	to	to	PART
cice-11468	102	17	balance	balance	VERB
cice-11468	102	18	competing	compete	VERB
cice-11468	102	19	goals	goal	NOUN
cice-11468	102	20	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	102	21	the	the	DET
cice-11468	102	22	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	102	23	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	102	24	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	102	25	systems	system	NOUN
cice-11468	102	26	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	103	1	both	both	DET
cice-11468	103	2	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	103	3	adopted	adopt	VERB
cice-11468	103	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	103	5	goal	goal	NOUN
cice-11468	103	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	103	7	universal	universal	ADJ
cice-11468	103	8	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	103	9	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	103	10	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	103	11	boon	boon	NOUN
cice-11468	103	12	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	103	13	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	103	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	103	15	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	103	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	103	17	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	103	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	103	19	1997	1997	NUM
cice-11468	103	20	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	103	21	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	104	1	yet	yet	CCONJ
cice-11468	104	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	104	3	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	104	4	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	104	5	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	104	6	pursued	pursue	VERB
cice-11468	104	7	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	104	8	each	each	DET
cice-11468	104	9	country	country	NOUN
cice-11468	104	10	illuminate	illuminate	VERB
cice-11468	104	11	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	104	12	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	104	13	promoting	promote	VERB
cice-11468	104	14	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	104	15	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	104	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	104	17	the	the	DET
cice-11468	104	18	impact	impact	NOUN
cice-11468	104	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	104	20	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	104	21	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	104	22	independence	independence	ADJ
cice-11468	104	23	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	104	24	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	104	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	104	26	overall	overall	ADJ
cice-11468	104	27	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	104	28	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	104	29	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	104	30	systems	system	NOUN
cice-11468	104	31	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	104	32	developing	develop	VERB
cice-11468	104	33	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	104	34	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	105	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	105	2	focused	focus	VERB
cice-11468	105	3	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	105	4	further	further	ADJ
cice-11468	105	5	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	105	6	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	105	7	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	105	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	105	9	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	105	10	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	105	11	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	105	12	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	105	13	to	to	PART
cice-11468	105	14	meet	meet	VERB
cice-11468	105	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	105	16	expanding	expand	VERB
cice-11468	105	17	demand	demand	NOUN
cice-11468	105	18	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	105	19	skilled	skilled	ADJ
cice-11468	105	20	labor	labor	NOUN
cice-11468	105	21	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	105	22	evidenced	evidence	VERB
cice-11468	105	23	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	105	24	the	the	DET
cice-11468	105	25	rapid	rapid	ADJ
cice-11468	105	26	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	105	27	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	105	28	enrolment	enrolment	NOUN
cice-11468	105	29	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	105	30	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	105	31	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	105	32	until	until	ADP
cice-11468	105	33	the	the	DET
cice-11468	105	34	mid-1980s	mid-1980	NOUN
cice-11468	105	35	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	105	36	nkrumah	nkrumah	NOUN
cice-11468	105	37	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	105	38	young	young	ADJ
cice-11468	105	39	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	105	40	huisman	huisman	NOUN
cice-11468	105	41	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	105	42	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	105	43	powell	powell	PROPN
cice-11468	105	44	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	105	45	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	105	46	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	105	47	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	106	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	106	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
cice-11468	106	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	106	4	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	106	5	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
cice-11468	106	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	106	7	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	106	8	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	106	9	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	106	10	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	106	11	as	as	ADV
cice-11468	106	12	well	well	ADV
cice-11468	106	13	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	106	14	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	106	15	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	106	16	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	106	17	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	106	18	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	106	19	expanding	expand	VERB
cice-11468	106	20	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	106	21	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	106	22	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	106	23	ashton	ashton	PROPN
cice-11468	106	24	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	106	25	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	106	26	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	106	27	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	106	28	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	106	29	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	106	30	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	106	31	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	106	32	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	106	33	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	106	34	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	107	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	107	2	employed	employ	VERB
cice-11468	107	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	107	4	sequential	sequential	ADJ
cice-11468	107	5	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	107	6	to	to	PART
cice-11468	107	7	education	education	VERB
cice-11468	107	8	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	107	9	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	107	10	focusing	focus	VERB
cice-11468	107	11	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	107	12	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	107	13	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	107	14	then	then	ADV
cice-11468	107	15	moving	move	VERB
cice-11468	107	16	up	up	ADP
cice-11468	107	17	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	107	18	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	107	19	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	107	20	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	107	21	the	the	DET
cice-11468	107	22	skills	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	107	23	demanded	demand	VERB
cice-11468	107	24	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	107	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	107	26	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	107	27	changed	change	VERB
cice-11468	107	28	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	107	29	aldcroft	aldcroft	ADJ
cice-11468	107	30	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	107	31	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	107	32	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	107	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	108	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
cice-11468	108	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	108	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	108	4	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	108	5	initial	initial	ADJ
cice-11468	108	6	years	year	NOUN
cice-11468	108	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	108	8	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	108	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	108	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	108	11	singaporean	singaporean	ADJ
cice-11468	108	12	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	108	13	allotted	allot	VERB
cice-11468	108	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	108	15	majority	majority	NOUN
cice-11468	108	16	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	108	17	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	108	18	annual	annual	ADJ
cice-11468	108	19	budget	budget	NOUN
cice-11468	108	20	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	108	21	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	108	22	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	108	23	followed	follow	VERB
cice-11468	108	24	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	108	25	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	108	26	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	108	27	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	108	28	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	108	29	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	108	30	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	108	31	boon	boon	NOUN
cice-11468	108	32	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	108	33	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	108	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	108	35	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	108	36	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	108	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	109	1	this	this	DET
cice-11468	109	2	paper	paper	NOUN
cice-11468	109	3	posits	posit	NOUN
cice-11468	109	4	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	109	5	this	this	DET
cice-11468	109	6	key	key	ADJ
cice-11468	109	7	strategic	strategic	ADJ
cice-11468	109	8	difference	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	109	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	109	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	109	11	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	109	12	partly	partly	ADV
cice-11468	109	13	explains	explain	VERB
cice-11468	109	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	109	15	disparity	disparity	NOUN
cice-11468	109	16	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	109	17	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	109	18	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	109	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	109	20	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	109	21	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	109	22	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	109	23	the	the	DET
cice-11468	109	24	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	109	25	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	109	26	over	over	ADP
cice-11468	109	27	the	the	DET
cice-11468	109	28	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	109	29	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	109	30	independence	independence	ADJ
cice-11468	109	31	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	109	32	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	110	1	a	a	DET
cice-11468	110	2	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	110	3	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
cice-11468	110	4	factor	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	110	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	110	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	110	7	immediate	immediate	ADJ
cice-11468	110	8	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	110	9	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	110	10	independence	independence	ADJ
cice-11468	110	11	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	110	12	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	110	13	how	how	SCONJ
cice-11468	110	14	each	each	DET
cice-11468	110	15	country	country	NOUN
cice-11468	110	16	chose	choose	VERB
cice-11468	110	17	to	to	PART
cice-11468	110	18	resolve	resolve	VERB
cice-11468	110	19	the	the	DET
cice-11468	110	20	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	110	21	‘	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	110	22	problem	problem	NOUN
cice-11468	110	23	’	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	110	24	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	111	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	111	2	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	111	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	111	4	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cice-11468	111	5	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	111	6	a	a	DET
cice-11468	111	7	potentially	potentially	ADV
cice-11468	111	8	contentious	contentious	ADJ
cice-11468	111	9	issue	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	111	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	111	11	an	an	DET
cice-11468	111	12	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	111	13	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	111	14	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	111	15	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	111	16	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	111	17	deeply	deeply	ADV
cice-11468	111	18	intertwined	intertwine	VERB
cice-11468	111	19	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	111	20	feelings	feeling	NOUN
cice-11468	111	21	about	about	ADP
cice-11468	111	22	personal	personal	ADJ
cice-11468	111	23	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	111	24	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	111	25	identity	identity	NOUN
cice-11468	111	26	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	111	27	mourshed	mourshed	ADJ
cice-11468	111	28	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	111	29	chijioke	chijioke	NOUN
cice-11468	111	30	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	111	31	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	111	32	barber	barber	PROPN
cice-11468	111	33	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	111	34	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	111	35	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	111	36	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	112	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	112	2	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	112	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	112	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	112	5	learning	learning	NOUN
cice-11468	112	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	112	7	a	a	DET
cice-11468	112	8	second	second	ADJ
cice-11468	112	9	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	112	10	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	112	11	made	make	VERB
cice-11468	112	12	compulsory	compulsory	ADJ
cice-11468	112	13	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	112	14	all	all	DET
cice-11468	112	15	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	112	16	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	112	17	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	112	18	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	112	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	112	20	this	this	DET
cice-11468	112	21	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	112	22	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	112	23	extended	extend	VERB
cice-11468	112	24	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	112	25	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	112	26	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	112	27	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	112	28	1966	1966	NUM
cice-11468	112	29	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	112	30	boon	boon	NOUN
cice-11468	112	31	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	112	32	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	112	33	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	112	34	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	112	35	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	112	36	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	113	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	113	2	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	113	3	viewed	view	VERB
cice-11468	113	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	113	5	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
cice-11468	113	6	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	113	7	a	a	DET
cice-11468	113	8	critical	critical	ADJ
cice-11468	113	9	component	component	NOUN
cice-11468	113	10	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	113	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	113	12	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	113	13	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	113	14	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	113	15	achieving	achieve	VERB
cice-11468	113	16	social	social	ADJ
cice-11468	113	17	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
cice-11468	113	18	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	113	19	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	113	20	prosperity	prosperity	NOUN
cice-11468	113	21	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	113	22	a	a	DET
cice-11468	113	23	largely	largely	ADV
cice-11468	113	24	plural	plural	ADJ
cice-11468	113	25	society	society	NOUN
cice-11468	113	26	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	113	27	boon	boon	NOUN
cice-11468	113	28	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	113	29	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	113	30	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	113	31	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	113	32	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	113	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	114	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
cice-11468	114	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	114	3	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	114	4	continues	continue	VERB
cice-11468	114	5	to	to	PART
cice-11468	114	6	grapple	grapple	VERB
cice-11468	114	7	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	114	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	114	9	dual	dual	ADJ
cice-11468	114	10	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	114	11	issue	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	114	12	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	114	13	english	english	PROPN
cice-11468	114	14	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	114	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	114	16	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	114	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	114	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	114	19	classroom	classroom	NOUN
cice-11468	114	20	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	114	21	patois	patois	NOUN
cice-11468	114	22	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	114	23	the	the	DET
cice-11468	114	24	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	114	25	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	114	26	homes	home	NOUN
cice-11468	114	27	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	114	28	especially	especially	ADV
cice-11468	114	29	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	114	30	lower	low	ADJ
cice-11468	114	31	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	114	32	income	income	NOUN
cice-11468	114	33	families	family	NOUN
cice-11468	114	34	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	114	35	bryan	bryan	PROPN
cice-11468	114	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	114	37	2004	2004	NUM
cice-11468	114	38	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	114	39	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	115	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	115	2	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	115	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	115	4	patois	patois	NOUN
cice-11468	115	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	115	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	115	7	jamaican	jamaican	ADJ
cice-11468	115	8	classroom	classroom	NOUN
cice-11468	115	9	remains	remain	VERB
cice-11468	115	10	contentious	contentious	ADJ
cice-11468	115	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	115	12	unresolved	unresolved	ADJ
cice-11468	115	13	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	116	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	116	2	changes	change	VERB
cice-11468	116	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	116	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	116	5	lending	lending	NOUN
cice-11468	116	6	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	116	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	116	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	116	9	world	world	NOUN
cice-11468	116	10	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	116	11	enabled	enable	VERB
cice-11468	116	12	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	116	13	to	to	PART
cice-11468	116	14	obtain	obtain	VERB
cice-11468	116	15	loans	loan	NOUN
cice-11468	116	16	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	116	17	the	the	DET
cice-11468	116	18	extension	extension	NOUN
cice-11468	116	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	116	20	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	116	21	facilities	facility	NOUN
cice-11468	116	22	placing	place	VERB
cice-11468	116	23	great	great	ADJ
cice-11468	116	24	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cice-11468	116	25	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	116	26	importance	importance	NOUN
cice-11468	116	27	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	116	28	the	the	DET
cice-11468	116	29	expansion	expansion	NOUN
cice-11468	116	30	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	116	31	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	116	32	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	116	33	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	116	34	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	116	35	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	116	36	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	116	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	117	1	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	117	2	1966	1966	NUM
cice-11468	117	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	117	4	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	117	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	117	6	50	50	NUM
cice-11468	117	7	new	new	ADJ
cice-11468	117	8	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	117	9	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	117	10	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	117	11	built	build	VERB
cice-11468	117	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	117	13	a	a	DET
cice-11468	117	14	canadian	canadian	ADJ
cice-11468	117	15	loan	loan	NOUN
cice-11468	117	16	scheme	scheme	NOUN
cice-11468	117	17	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	117	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	117	19	same	same	ADJ
cice-11468	117	20	time	time	NOUN
cice-11468	117	21	sponsored	sponsor	VERB
cice-11468	117	22	the	the	DET
cice-11468	117	23	building	building	NOUN
cice-11468	117	24	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	117	25	40	40	NUM
cice-11468	117	26	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	117	27	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	117	28	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	117	29	whyte	whyte	NOUN
cice-11468	117	30	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	117	31	1983	1983	NUM
cice-11468	117	32	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	117	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	118	1	notwithstanding	notwithstanding	ADP
cice-11468	118	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	118	3	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	118	4	have	have	AUX
cice-11468	118	5	been	be	AUX
cice-11468	118	6	continued	continue	VERB
cice-11468	118	7	variations	variation	NOUN
cice-11468	118	8	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	118	9	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	118	10	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	118	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	118	12	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	118	13	types	type	NOUN
cice-11468	118	14	120	120	NUM
cice-11468	118	15	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	118	16	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	118	17	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	118	18	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	118	19	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	118	20	welsh	welsh	NOUN
cice-11468	118	21	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	118	22	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	118	23	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	118	24	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	118	25	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	118	26	social	social	ADJ
cice-11468	118	27	classes	class	NOUN
cice-11468	118	28	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	118	29	evans	evans	PROPN
cice-11468	118	30	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	118	31	2001	2001	NUM
cice-11468	118	32	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	118	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	119	1	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	119	2	instance	instance	NOUN
cice-11468	119	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	119	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	119	5	‘	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	119	6	all	all	DET
cice-11468	119	7	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	119	8	age	age	NOUN
cice-11468	119	9	’	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	119	10	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	119	11	serves	serve	VERB
cice-11468	119	12	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	119	13	a	a	DET
cice-11468	119	14	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	119	15	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	119	16	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	119	17	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	119	18	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	119	19	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	119	20	offers	offer	VERB
cice-11468	119	21	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cice-11468	119	22	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	119	23	grades	grade	NOUN
cice-11468	119	24	1	1	NUM
cice-11468	119	25	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	119	26	9	9	NUM
cice-11468	119	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	120	1	‘	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	120	2	all	all	DET
cice-11468	120	3	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	120	4	age	age	NOUN
cice-11468	120	5	’	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	120	6	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	120	7	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	120	8	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	120	9	after	after	SCONJ
cice-11468	120	10	slavery	slavery	NOUN
cice-11468	120	11	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	120	12	abolished	abolish	VERB
cice-11468	120	13	to	to	PART
cice-11468	120	14	prepare	prepare	VERB
cice-11468	120	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	120	16	children	child	NOUN
cice-11468	120	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	120	18	ex	ex	NOUN
cice-11468	120	19	-	-	NOUN
cice-11468	120	20	slaves	slave	NOUN
cice-11468	120	21	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	120	22	the	the	DET
cice-11468	120	23	labor	labor	NOUN
cice-11468	120	24	market	market	NOUN
cice-11468	120	25	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	120	26	laborers	laborer	NOUN
cice-11468	120	27	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	120	28	a	a	DET
cice-11468	120	29	highly	highly	ADV
cice-11468	120	30	stratified	stratified	ADJ
cice-11468	120	31	society	society	NOUN
cice-11468	120	32	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	120	33	turner	turner	NOUN
cice-11468	120	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	120	35	1987	1987	NUM
cice-11468	120	36	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	120	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	121	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	121	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	121	3	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	121	4	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	121	5	independence	independence	ADJ
cice-11468	121	6	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	121	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	121	8	‘	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	121	9	all	all	DET
cice-11468	121	10	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	121	11	age	age	NOUN
cice-11468	121	12	’	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	121	13	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	121	14	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	121	15	attended	attend	VERB
cice-11468	121	16	mainly	mainly	ADV
cice-11468	121	17	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	121	18	children	child	NOUN
cice-11468	121	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	121	20	the	the	DET
cice-11468	121	21	lowest	low	ADJ
cice-11468	121	22	earning	earn	VERB
cice-11468	121	23	quintiles	quintile	NOUN
cice-11468	121	24	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	121	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	121	26	jamaican	jamaican	ADJ
cice-11468	121	27	population	population	NOUN
cice-11468	121	28	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	121	29	evans	evans	PROPN
cice-11468	121	30	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	121	31	2001	2001	NUM
cice-11468	121	32	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	121	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	122	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	122	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	122	3	early	early	ADJ
cice-11468	122	4	1970s	1970	NOUN
cice-11468	122	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	122	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	122	7	michael	michael	PROPN
cice-11468	122	8	manley	manley	PROPN
cice-11468	122	9	led	lead	VERB
cice-11468	122	10	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	122	11	adopted	adopt	VERB
cice-11468	122	12	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	122	13	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	122	14	aligned	align	VERB
cice-11468	122	15	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	122	16	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	122	17	overarching	overarching	ADJ
cice-11468	122	18	goal	goal	NOUN
cice-11468	122	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	122	20	putting	put	VERB
cice-11468	122	21	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	122	22	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	122	23	the	the	DET
cice-11468	122	24	path	path	NOUN
cice-11468	122	25	towards	towards	ADP
cice-11468	122	26	democratic	democratic	ADJ
cice-11468	122	27	socialism	socialism	NOUN
cice-11468	122	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	123	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
cice-11468	123	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	123	3	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	123	4	was	be	VERB
cice-11468	123	5	a	a	DET
cice-11468	123	6	flurry	flurry	NOUN
cice-11468	123	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	123	8	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
cice-11468	123	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	123	10	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	123	11	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	123	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	123	13	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	123	14	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	123	15	radically	radically	ADV
cice-11468	123	16	reorganized	reorganize	VERB
cice-11468	123	17	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	123	18	modernized	modernize	VERB
cice-11468	123	19	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	124	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	124	2	1973	1973	NUM
cice-11468	124	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	124	4	‘	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	124	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	124	6	thrust	thrust	NOUN
cice-11468	124	7	’	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	124	8	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	124	9	instituted	institute	VERB
cice-11468	124	10	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	124	11	a	a	DET
cice-11468	124	12	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cice-11468	124	13	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	124	14	intended	intend	VERB
cice-11468	124	15	to	to	PART
cice-11468	124	16	address	address	VERB
cice-11468	124	17	all	all	DET
cice-11468	124	18	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	124	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	124	20	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	124	21	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	124	22	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	124	23	improved	improved	ADJ
cice-11468	124	24	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	124	25	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	124	26	all	all	DET
cice-11468	124	27	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	124	28	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	124	29	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	124	30	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	124	31	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	124	32	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	124	33	adult	adult	NOUN
cice-11468	124	34	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	124	35	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	125	1	this	this	DET
cice-11468	125	2	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	125	3	resulted	result	VERB
cice-11468	125	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	125	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	125	6	first	first	ADJ
cice-11468	125	7	mass	mass	ADJ
cice-11468	125	8	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	125	9	campaign	campaign	NOUN
cice-11468	125	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	125	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	125	12	anglophone	anglophone	ADJ
cice-11468	125	13	caribbean	caribbean	NOUN
cice-11468	125	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	125	15	an	an	DET
cice-11468	125	16	increased	increase	VERB
cice-11468	125	17	focus	focus	NOUN
cice-11468	125	18	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	125	19	adult	adult	NOUN
cice-11468	125	20	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	125	21	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	125	22	the	the	DET
cice-11468	125	23	formation	formation	NOUN
cice-11468	125	24	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	125	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	125	26	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	125	27	movement	movement	PROPN
cice-11468	125	28	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	125	29	the	the	DET
cice-11468	125	30	advancement	advancement	NOUN
cice-11468	125	31	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	125	32	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	125	33	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	125	34	1972	1972	NUM
cice-11468	125	35	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	125	36	jules	jule	NOUN
cice-11468	125	37	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	125	38	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	125	39	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	125	40	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	126	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	126	2	shift	shift	NOUN
cice-11468	126	3	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	126	4	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	126	5	implemented	implement	VERB
cice-11468	126	6	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	126	7	a	a	DET
cice-11468	126	8	supposedly	supposedly	ADV
cice-11468	126	9	temporary	temporary	ADJ
cice-11468	126	10	measure	measure	NOUN
cice-11468	126	11	to	to	PART
cice-11468	126	12	increase	increase	VERB
cice-11468	126	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	126	14	number	number	NOUN
cice-11468	126	15	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	126	16	places	place	NOUN
cice-11468	126	17	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	126	18	high	high	ADJ
cice-11468	126	19	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	126	20	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	127	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	127	2	addition	addition	NOUN
cice-11468	127	3	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	127	4	establishing	establish	VERB
cice-11468	127	5	a	a	DET
cice-11468	127	6	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	127	7	unit	unit	NOUN
cice-11468	127	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	127	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	127	10	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	127	11	also	also	ADV
cice-11468	127	12	formed	form	VERB
cice-11468	127	13	a	a	DET
cice-11468	127	14	research	research	NOUN
cice-11468	127	15	unit	unit	NOUN
cice-11468	127	16	which	which	PRON
cice-11468	127	17	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	127	18	conducted	conduct	VERB
cice-11468	127	19	several	several	ADJ
cice-11468	127	20	studies	study	NOUN
cice-11468	127	21	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	127	22	the	the	DET
cice-11468	127	23	mid-1970s	mid-1970	NOUN
cice-11468	127	24	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	127	25	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	127	26	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	127	27	1997	1997	NUM
cice-11468	127	28	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	127	29	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	128	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	128	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	128	3	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	128	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	128	5	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	128	6	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	128	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	128	8	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	128	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	128	10	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	128	11	seemingly	seemingly	ADV
cice-11468	128	12	subjected	subject	VERB
cice-11468	128	13	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	128	14	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	128	15	influence	influence	NOUN
cice-11468	128	16	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	128	17	multilateral	multilateral	ADJ
cice-11468	128	18	agencies	agency	NOUN
cice-11468	128	19	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	129	1	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	129	2	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	129	3	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	129	4	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	129	5	true	true	ADJ
cice-11468	129	6	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	129	7	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	129	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	129	9	has	have	VERB
cice-11468	129	10	a	a	DET
cice-11468	129	11	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	129	12	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	129	13	value	value	NOUN
cice-11468	129	14	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	129	15	lower	low	ADJ
cice-11468	129	16	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	129	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	129	18	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	129	19	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	129	20	psacharopoulos	psacharopoulos	ADJ
cice-11468	129	21	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	129	22	1985	1985	NUM
cice-11468	129	23	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	129	24	psacharopoulos	psacharopoulos	PROPN
cice-11468	129	25	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	129	26	patrinos	patrino	NOUN
cice-11468	129	27	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	129	28	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	129	29	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	129	30	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	129	31	special	special	ADJ
cice-11468	129	32	interest	interest	NOUN
cice-11468	129	33	groups	group	NOUN
cice-11468	129	34	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	129	35	push	push	VERB
cice-11468	129	36	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	129	37	investment	investment	NOUN
cice-11468	129	38	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	129	39	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	129	40	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	129	41	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	129	42	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	129	43	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	130	1	this	this	PRON
cice-11468	130	2	also	also	ADV
cice-11468	130	3	implies	imply	VERB
cice-11468	130	4	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	130	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	130	6	state	state	NOUN
cice-11468	130	7	will	will	AUX
cice-11468	130	8	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	130	9	more	more	ADV
cice-11468	130	10	likely	likely	ADJ
cice-11468	130	11	to	to	PART
cice-11468	130	12	foster	foster	VERB
cice-11468	130	13	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	130	14	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	130	15	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	130	16	initially	initially	ADV
cice-11468	130	17	investing	invest	VERB
cice-11468	130	18	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	130	19	lower	low	ADJ
cice-11468	130	20	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	130	21	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	130	22	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	130	23	then	then	ADV
cice-11468	130	24	shifting	shift	VERB
cice-11468	130	25	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	130	26	spending	spending	NOUN
cice-11468	130	27	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	130	28	expanding	expand	VERB
cice-11468	130	29	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	130	30	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	130	31	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	130	32	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	130	33	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	130	34	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	130	35	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	130	36	the	the	DET
cice-11468	130	37	country	country	NOUN
cice-11468	130	38	becomes	become	VERB
cice-11468	130	39	more	more	ADV
cice-11468	130	40	developed	developed	ADJ
cice-11468	130	41	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	131	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	131	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	131	3	1970s	1970	NOUN
cice-11468	131	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	131	5	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	131	6	was	be	VERB
cice-11468	131	7	still	still	ADV
cice-11468	131	8	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	131	9	investment	investment	NOUN
cice-11468	131	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	131	11	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	131	12	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	131	13	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	131	14	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	131	15	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	131	16	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	131	17	1973	1973	NUM
cice-11468	131	18	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	131	19	1976	1976	NUM
cice-11468	131	20	the	the	DET
cice-11468	131	21	budget	budget	NOUN
cice-11468	131	22	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	131	23	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
cice-11468	131	24	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	131	25	increased	increase	VERB
cice-11468	131	26	more	more	ADV
cice-11468	131	27	steadily	steadily	ADV
cice-11468	131	28	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	131	29	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	131	30	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	131	31	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	131	32	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	131	33	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	131	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	131	35	though	though	SCONJ
cice-11468	131	36	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	131	37	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	131	38	acknowledged	acknowledge	VERB
cice-11468	131	39	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	131	40	the	the	DET
cice-11468	131	41	greatest	great	ADJ
cice-11468	131	42	needs	need	NOUN
cice-11468	131	43	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	131	44	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	131	45	the	the	DET
cice-11468	131	46	lower	low	ADJ
cice-11468	131	47	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	131	48	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	131	49	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	131	50	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	131	51	nkrumah	nkrumah	NOUN
cice-11468	131	52	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	131	53	young	young	ADJ
cice-11468	131	54	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	131	55	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	131	56	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	131	57	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	131	58	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	131	59	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	131	60	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	132	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	132	2	during	during	ADP
cice-11468	132	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	132	4	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	132	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	132	6	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	132	7	focused	focus	VERB
cice-11468	132	8	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	132	9	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	132	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	132	11	increasing	increase	VERB
cice-11468	132	12	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
cice-11468	132	13	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	132	14	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	132	15	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	132	16	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	132	17	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	132	18	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	132	19	built	build	VERB
cice-11468	132	20	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	132	21	a	a	DET
cice-11468	132	22	rate	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	132	23	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	132	24	one	one	NUM
cice-11468	132	25	per	per	ADP
cice-11468	132	26	month	month	NOUN
cice-11468	132	27	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	132	28	1959	1959	NUM
cice-11468	132	29	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	132	30	1968	1968	NUM
cice-11468	132	31	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	132	32	mourshed	mourshe	VERB
cice-11468	132	33	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	132	34	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	132	35	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	132	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	132	37	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	132	38	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	132	39	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	133	1	during	during	ADP
cice-11468	133	2	this	this	DET
cice-11468	133	3	time	time	NOUN
cice-11468	133	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	133	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	133	6	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
cice-11468	133	7	an	an	DET
cice-11468	133	8	intimate	intimate	ADJ
cice-11468	133	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	133	10	deep	deep	ADJ
cice-11468	133	11	link	link	NOUN
cice-11468	133	12	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	133	13	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	133	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	133	15	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	133	16	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	133	17	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	134	1	a	a	DET
cice-11468	134	2	five	five	NUM
cice-11468	134	3	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	134	4	year	year	NOUN
cice-11468	134	5	plan	plan	NOUN
cice-11468	134	6	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	134	7	1961	1961	NUM
cice-11468	134	8	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	134	9	1965	1965	NUM
cice-11468	134	10	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	134	11	initiated	initiate	VERB
cice-11468	134	12	a	a	DET
cice-11468	134	13	focus	focus	NOUN
cice-11468	134	14	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	134	15	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	134	16	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	134	17	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	134	18	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	134	19	sustained	sustain	VERB
cice-11468	134	20	throughout	throughout	ADP
cice-11468	134	21	the	the	DET
cice-11468	134	22	1970s	1970s	NUM
cice-11468	134	23	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	135	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	135	2	pursued	pursue	VERB
cice-11468	135	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	135	4	standardization	standardization	NOUN
cice-11468	135	5	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	135	6	subject	subject	ADJ
cice-11468	135	7	syllabi	syllabus	NOUN
cice-11468	135	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	135	9	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	135	10	structures	structure	NOUN
cice-11468	135	11	across	across	ADP
cice-11468	135	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	135	13	various	various	ADJ
cice-11468	135	14	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	135	15	streams	stream	NOUN
cice-11468	135	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	135	17	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	135	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	135	19	institution	institution	NOUN
cice-11468	135	20	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	135	21	common	common	ADJ
cice-11468	135	22	terminal	terminal	ADJ
cice-11468	135	23	examinations	examination	NOUN
cice-11468	135	24	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	135	25	tan	tan	PROPN
cice-11468	135	26	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	135	27	1998	1998	NUM
cice-11468	135	28	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	135	29	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	136	1	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	136	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	136	3	late	late	ADJ
cice-11468	136	4	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	136	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	136	6	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	136	7	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	136	8	a	a	DET
cice-11468	136	9	high	high	ADJ
cice-11468	136	10	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	136	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	136	12	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	136	13	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	136	14	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	136	15	rates	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	136	16	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	136	17	the	the	DET
cice-11468	136	18	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	136	19	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	136	20	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	136	21	aldcroft	aldcroft	ADJ
cice-11468	136	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	136	23	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	136	24	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	136	25	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	137	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	137	2	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	137	3	very	very	ADV
cice-11468	137	4	little	little	ADJ
cice-11468	137	5	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	137	6	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	137	7	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	137	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	137	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	137	10	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	137	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	137	12	prior	prior	ADV
cice-11468	137	13	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	137	14	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	137	15	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	137	16	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	137	17	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	137	18	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	137	19	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	138	1	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	138	2	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	138	3	grew	grow	VERB
cice-11468	138	4	significantly	significantly	ADV
cice-11468	138	5	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	138	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	138	7	late	late	ADJ
cice-11468	138	8	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	138	9	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	138	10	early	early	ADJ
cice-11468	138	11	1970s	1970	NOUN
cice-11468	138	12	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	138	13	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cice-11468	138	14	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	138	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	138	16	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	138	17	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	138	18	begun	begin	VERB
cice-11468	138	19	to	to	PART
cice-11468	138	20	shift	shift	VERB
cice-11468	138	21	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	138	22	general	general	ADJ
cice-11468	138	23	academic	academic	ADJ
cice-11468	138	24	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	138	25	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	138	26	vte	vte	PROPN
cice-11468	138	27	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	138	28	kam	kam	PROPN
cice-11468	138	29	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	138	30	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	138	31	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	138	32	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	138	33	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	138	34	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	139	1	vte	vte	PROPN
cice-11468	139	2	refers	refer	VERB
cice-11468	139	3	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	139	4	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	139	5	designed	design	VERB
cice-11468	139	6	to	to	PART
cice-11468	139	7	enhance	enhance	VERB
cice-11468	139	8	an	an	DET
cice-11468	139	9	individual	individual	NOUN
cice-11468	139	10	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	139	11	general	general	ADJ
cice-11468	139	12	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
cice-11468	139	13	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	139	14	especially	especially	ADV
cice-11468	139	15	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	139	16	relation	relation	NOUN
cice-11468	139	17	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	139	18	occupation	occupation	NOUN
cice-11468	139	19	rather	rather	ADV
cice-11468	139	20	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	139	21	a	a	DET
cice-11468	139	22	profession	profession	NOUN
cice-11468	139	23	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	140	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	140	2	1964	1964	NUM
cice-11468	140	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	140	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	140	5	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	140	6	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	140	7	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	140	8	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	140	9	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	140	10	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	140	11	boon	boon	NOUN
cice-11468	140	12	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	140	13	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	140	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	140	15	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	140	16	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	140	17	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	141	1	a	a	DET
cice-11468	141	2	need	need	NOUN
cice-11468	141	3	to	to	PART
cice-11468	141	4	expand	expand	VERB
cice-11468	141	5	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	141	6	arose	arise	VERB
cice-11468	141	7	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	141	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	141	9	increasing	increase	VERB
cice-11468	141	10	pace	pace	NOUN
cice-11468	141	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	141	12	industrialization	industrialization	NOUN
cice-11468	141	13	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	141	14	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	141	15	1972	1972	NUM
cice-11468	141	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	141	17	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	141	18	were	be	VERB
cice-11468	141	19	nine	nine	NUM
cice-11468	141	20	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	141	21	institutes	institute	NOUN
cice-11468	141	22	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	141	23	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	141	24	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	141	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	141	26	number	number	NOUN
cice-11468	141	27	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	141	28	graduates	graduate	NOUN
cice-11468	141	29	had	have	AUX
cice-11468	141	30	increased	increase	VERB
cice-11468	141	31	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	141	32	over	over	ADP
cice-11468	141	33	4,000	4,000	NUM
cice-11468	141	34	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	141	35	only	only	ADV
cice-11468	141	36	324	324	NUM
cice-11468	141	37	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	141	38	1968	1968	NUM
cice-11468	141	39	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	141	40	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	141	41	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	141	42	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	141	43	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	141	44	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	142	1	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	142	2	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	142	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	142	4	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	142	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	142	6	121	121	NUM
cice-11468	142	7	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	142	8	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	142	9	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	142	10	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	142	11	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	142	12	balancing	balance	VERB
cice-11468	142	13	quantity	quantity	NOUN
cice-11468	142	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	142	15	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	142	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	142	17	equity	equity	NOUN
cice-11468	142	18	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	142	19	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	142	20	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	142	21	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	142	22	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	142	23	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	142	24	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	142	25	both	both	DET
cice-11468	142	26	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	142	27	had	have	AUX
cice-11468	142	28	achieved	achieve	VERB
cice-11468	142	29	high	high	ADJ
cice-11468	142	30	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	142	31	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	142	32	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
cice-11468	142	33	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	142	34	the	the	DET
cice-11468	142	35	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	142	36	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	142	37	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	142	38	continued	continue	VERB
cice-11468	142	39	expanding	expand	VERB
cice-11468	142	40	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	142	41	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	142	42	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	142	43	boon	boon	NOUN
cice-11468	142	44	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	142	45	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	142	46	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	142	47	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	142	48	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	142	49	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	142	50	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	142	51	1997	1997	NUM
cice-11468	142	52	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	142	53	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	143	1	however	however	ADV
cice-11468	143	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	143	3	dissatisfaction	dissatisfaction	NOUN
cice-11468	143	4	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	143	5	inequitable	inequitable	ADJ
cice-11468	143	6	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	143	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	143	8	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	143	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	143	10	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	143	11	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	143	12	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	143	13	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	143	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	143	15	low	low	ADJ
cice-11468	143	16	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	143	17	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	143	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	143	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	143	20	lackluster	lackluster	ADJ
cice-11468	143	21	achievement	achievement	NOUN
cice-11468	143	22	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cice-11468	143	23	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	143	24	common	common	ADJ
cice-11468	143	25	across	across	ADP
cice-11468	143	26	the	the	DET
cice-11468	143	27	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	143	28	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	143	29	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	143	30	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	143	31	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	143	32	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	143	33	1997	1997	NUM
cice-11468	143	34	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	143	35	mourshed	mourshe	VERB
cice-11468	143	36	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	143	37	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	143	38	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	143	39	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	143	40	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	143	41	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	143	42	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	144	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	144	2	new	new	ADJ
cice-11468	144	3	millennium	millennium	NOUN
cice-11468	144	4	gave	give	VERB
cice-11468	144	5	rise	rise	NOUN
cice-11468	144	6	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	144	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	144	8	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cice-11468	144	9	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	144	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	144	11	found	find	VERB
cice-11468	144	12	nations	nation	NOUN
cice-11468	144	13	focusing	focus	VERB
cice-11468	144	14	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	144	15	reorienting	reorient	VERB
cice-11468	144	16	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	144	17	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	144	18	systems	system	NOUN
cice-11468	144	19	towards	towards	ADP
cice-11468	144	20	the	the	DET
cice-11468	144	21	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	144	22	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	144	23	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	144	24	rizvi	rizvi	PROPN
cice-11468	144	25	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	144	26	lingard	lingard	PROPN
cice-11468	144	27	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	144	28	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	144	29	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	144	30	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	145	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	145	2	rise	rise	NOUN
cice-11468	145	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	145	4	service	service	NOUN
cice-11468	145	5	industries	industry	NOUN
cice-11468	145	6	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	145	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	145	8	main	main	ADJ
cice-11468	145	9	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	145	10	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	145	11	activity	activity	NOUN
cice-11468	145	12	placed	place	VERB
cice-11468	145	13	greater	great	ADJ
cice-11468	145	14	significance	significance	NOUN
cice-11468	145	15	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	145	16	an	an	DET
cice-11468	145	17	educated	educate	VERB
cice-11468	145	18	workforce	workforce	NOUN
cice-11468	145	19	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	145	20	critical	critical	ADJ
cice-11468	145	21	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cice-11468	145	22	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	145	23	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
cice-11468	145	24	skills	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	145	25	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	146	1	both	both	DET
cice-11468	146	2	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	146	3	differed	differ	VERB
cice-11468	146	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	146	5	managing	manage	VERB
cice-11468	146	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	146	7	tradeoff	tradeoff	NOUN
cice-11468	146	8	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	146	9	quantity	quantity	NOUN
cice-11468	146	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	146	11	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	146	12	as	as	ADV
cice-11468	146	13	well	well	ADV
cice-11468	146	14	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	146	15	reorienting	reorient	VERB
cice-11468	146	16	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	146	17	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	146	18	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	146	19	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	146	20	to	to	PART
cice-11468	146	21	take	take	VERB
cice-11468	146	22	advantage	advantage	NOUN
cice-11468	146	23	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	146	24	globalization	globalization	NOUN
cice-11468	146	25	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	147	1	balancing	balance	VERB
cice-11468	147	2	quantity	quantity	NOUN
cice-11468	147	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	147	4	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	147	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	147	6	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	147	7	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cice-11468	147	8	posed	pose	VERB
cice-11468	147	9	a	a	DET
cice-11468	147	10	constant	constant	ADJ
cice-11468	147	11	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cice-11468	147	12	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	147	13	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	147	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	147	15	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	147	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	147	17	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	147	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	147	19	response	response	NOUN
cice-11468	147	20	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	147	21	this	this	DET
cice-11468	147	22	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cice-11468	147	23	can	can	AUX
cice-11468	147	24	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	147	25	posited	posit	VERB
cice-11468	147	26	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	147	27	a	a	DET
cice-11468	147	28	key	key	ADJ
cice-11468	147	29	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
cice-11468	147	30	factor	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	147	31	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	147	32	the	the	DET
cice-11468	147	33	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	147	34	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	147	35	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	147	36	the	the	DET
cice-11468	147	37	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	147	38	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	147	39	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	148	1	over	over	ADP
cice-11468	148	2	time	time	NOUN
cice-11468	148	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	148	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	148	5	equity	equity	NOUN
cice-11468	148	6	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	148	7	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	148	8	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	148	9	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	148	10	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
cice-11468	148	11	became	become	VERB
cice-11468	148	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	148	13	major	major	ADJ
cice-11468	148	14	concern	concern	NOUN
cice-11468	148	15	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	148	16	both	both	DET
cice-11468	148	17	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	148	18	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	148	19	opposed	oppose	VERB
cice-11468	148	20	to	to	PART
cice-11468	148	21	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	148	22	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	148	23	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	148	24	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	149	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
cice-11468	149	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	149	3	research	research	NOUN
cice-11468	149	4	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	149	5	shown	show	VERB
cice-11468	149	6	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	149	7	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	149	8	achievement	achievement	NOUN
cice-11468	149	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	149	10	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	149	11	measured	measure	VERB
cice-11468	149	12	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	149	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	149	14	percentage	percentage	NOUN
cice-11468	149	15	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	149	16	eligible	eligible	ADJ
cice-11468	149	17	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	149	18	receiving	receive	VERB
cice-11468	149	19	a	a	DET
cice-11468	149	20	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	149	21	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	149	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	149	23	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	149	24	not	not	PART
cice-11468	149	25	a	a	DET
cice-11468	149	26	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	149	27	predictor	predictor	NOUN
cice-11468	149	28	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	149	29	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	149	30	performance	performance	NOUN
cice-11468	149	31	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	149	32	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	149	33	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	149	34	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	149	35	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	149	36	the	the	DET
cice-11468	149	37	nature	nature	NOUN
cice-11468	149	38	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	149	39	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	149	40	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	149	41	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	149	42	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	149	43	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	149	44	receive	receive	VERB
cice-11468	149	45	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	149	46	far	far	ADV
cice-11468	149	47	more	more	ADV
cice-11468	149	48	important	important	ADJ
cice-11468	149	49	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	149	50	wint	wint	NOUN
cice-11468	149	51	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	149	52	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	149	53	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	149	54	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	150	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	150	2	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	150	3	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cice-11468	150	4	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	150	5	after	after	ADP
cice-11468	150	6	resolving	resolve	VERB
cice-11468	150	7	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	150	8	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	150	9	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	150	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	150	11	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	150	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	150	13	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	150	14	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	150	15	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	150	16	the	the	DET
cice-11468	150	17	next	next	ADJ
cice-11468	150	18	natural	natural	ADJ
cice-11468	150	19	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	150	20	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	150	21	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
cice-11468	150	22	overlapping	overlap	VERB
cice-11468	150	23	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	150	24	cycle	cycle	NOUN
cice-11468	150	25	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	150	26	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	150	27	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	150	28	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	150	29	to	to	PART
cice-11468	150	30	address	address	VERB
cice-11468	150	31	the	the	DET
cice-11468	150	32	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	150	33	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	150	34	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	150	35	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	151	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	151	2	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	151	3	have	have	AUX
cice-11468	151	4	reached	reach	VERB
cice-11468	151	5	this	this	DET
cice-11468	151	6	cycle	cycle	NOUN
cice-11468	151	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	151	8	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	151	9	before	before	ADP
cice-11468	151	10	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	151	11	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	151	12	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	151	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	151	14	1980s	1980s	NUM
cice-11468	151	15	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	151	16	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	151	17	only	only	ADV
cice-11468	151	18	a	a	DET
cice-11468	151	19	few	few	ADJ
cice-11468	151	20	years	year	NOUN
cice-11468	151	21	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	151	22	stellar	stellar	ADJ
cice-11468	151	23	results	result	NOUN
cice-11468	151	24	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	151	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	151	26	trends	trend	NOUN
cice-11468	151	27	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	151	28	international	international	ADJ
cice-11468	151	29	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
cice-11468	151	30	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	151	31	science	science	NOUN
cice-11468	151	32	study	study	NOUN
cice-11468	151	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	152	1	competition	competition	NOUN
cice-11468	152	2	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	152	3	driven	drive	VERB
cice-11468	152	4	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	152	5	have	have	AUX
cice-11468	152	6	prompted	prompt	VERB
cice-11468	152	7	many	many	ADJ
cice-11468	152	8	governments	government	NOUN
cice-11468	152	9	to	to	PART
cice-11468	152	10	pursue	pursue	VERB
cice-11468	152	11	decentralization	decentralization	NOUN
cice-11468	152	12	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	152	13	carnoy	carnoy	NOUN
cice-11468	152	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	152	15	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	152	16	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	152	17	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	152	18	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	152	19	each	each	DET
cice-11468	152	20	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	152	21	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	152	22	transformed	transform	VERB
cice-11468	152	23	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	152	24	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	152	25	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	152	26	to	to	PART
cice-11468	152	27	prepare	prepare	VERB
cice-11468	152	28	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	152	29	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	152	30	a	a	DET
cice-11468	152	31	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cice-11468	152	32	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	152	33	based	base	VERB
cice-11468	152	34	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	152	35	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	152	36	the	the	DET
cice-11468	152	37	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
cice-11468	152	38	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	152	39	centralization	centralization	NOUN
cice-11468	152	40	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	152	41	decentralization	decentralization	NOUN
cice-11468	152	42	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	152	43	shifted	shift	VERB
cice-11468	152	44	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	153	1	both	both	DET
cice-11468	153	2	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	153	3	retain	retain	VERB
cice-11468	153	4	fairly	fairly	ADV
cice-11468	153	5	centralized	centralize	VERB
cice-11468	153	6	control	control	NOUN
cice-11468	153	7	over	over	ADP
cice-11468	153	8	central	central	ADJ
cice-11468	153	9	elements	element	NOUN
cice-11468	153	10	such	such	ADJ
cice-11468	153	11	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	153	12	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cice-11468	153	13	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	153	14	ashton	ashton	PROPN
cice-11468	153	15	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	153	16	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	153	17	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	153	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	153	19	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	153	20	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	153	21	kam	kam	PROPN
cice-11468	153	22	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	153	23	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	153	24	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	153	25	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	153	26	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	153	27	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	153	28	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	153	29	1997	1997	NUM
cice-11468	153	30	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	153	31	yet	yet	CCONJ
cice-11468	153	32	each	each	DET
cice-11468	153	33	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	153	34	seems	seem	VERB
cice-11468	153	35	to	to	PART
cice-11468	153	36	strike	strike	VERB
cice-11468	153	37	a	a	DET
cice-11468	153	38	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	153	39	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
cice-11468	153	40	balance	balance	NOUN
cice-11468	153	41	–	–	PUNCT
cice-11468	153	42	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	153	43	allowing	allow	VERB
cice-11468	153	44	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
cice-11468	153	45	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	153	46	the	the	DET
cice-11468	153	47	one	one	NUM
cice-11468	153	48	hand	hand	NOUN
cice-11468	153	49	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	153	50	limiting	limit	VERB
cice-11468	153	51	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	153	52	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	153	53	the	the	DET
cice-11468	153	54	other	other	ADJ
cice-11468	153	55	–	–	PUNCT
cice-11468	153	56	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	153	57	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	153	58	critically	critically	ADV
cice-11468	153	59	shaped	shape	VERB
cice-11468	153	60	the	the	DET
cice-11468	153	61	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	153	62	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	153	63	the	the	DET
cice-11468	153	64	country	country	NOUN
cice-11468	153	65	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	153	66	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	153	67	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	153	68	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	154	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	154	2	can	can	AUX
cice-11468	154	3	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	154	4	argued	argue	VERB
cice-11468	154	5	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	154	6	decentralization	decentralization	NOUN
cice-11468	154	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	154	8	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	154	9	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	154	10	strengthened	strengthen	VERB
cice-11468	154	11	central	central	ADJ
cice-11468	154	12	control	control	NOUN
cice-11468	154	13	over	over	ADP
cice-11468	154	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	154	15	strategic	strategic	ADJ
cice-11468	154	16	agenda	agenda	NOUN
cice-11468	154	17	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	154	18	achieving	achieve	VERB
cice-11468	154	19	tactical	tactical	ADJ
cice-11468	154	20	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
cice-11468	154	21	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	154	22	tan	tan	PROPN
cice-11468	154	23	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	154	24	ng	ng	PROPN
cice-11468	154	25	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	154	26	2007	2007	NUM
cice-11468	154	27	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	154	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	155	1	compared	compare	VERB
cice-11468	155	2	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	155	3	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	155	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	155	5	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	155	6	appears	appear	VERB
cice-11468	155	7	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	155	8	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	155	9	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	155	10	explicit	explicit	ADJ
cice-11468	155	11	measures	measure	NOUN
cice-11468	155	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	155	13	incentives	incentive	NOUN
cice-11468	155	14	to	to	PART
cice-11468	155	15	promote	promote	VERB
cice-11468	155	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	155	17	induce	induce	VERB
cice-11468	155	18	competition	competition	NOUN
cice-11468	155	19	among	among	ADP
cice-11468	155	20	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	155	21	to	to	PART
cice-11468	155	22	improve	improve	VERB
cice-11468	155	23	the	the	DET
cice-11468	155	24	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	155	25	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	155	26	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	155	27	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	155	28	proved	prove	VERB
cice-11468	155	29	to	to	PART
cice-11468	155	30	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	155	31	a	a	DET
cice-11468	155	32	successful	successful	ADJ
cice-11468	155	33	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	155	34	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	155	35	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	155	36	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	156	1	singapore	singapore	VERB
cice-11468	156	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	156	3	main	main	ADJ
cice-11468	156	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cice-11468	156	5	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	156	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	156	7	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	156	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	156	9	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	156	10	faced	face	VERB
cice-11468	156	11	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	156	12	highlighted	highlight	VERB
cice-11468	156	13	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	156	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	156	15	1978	1978	NUM
cice-11468	156	16	goh	goh	PROPN
cice-11468	156	17	report	report	NOUN
cice-11468	156	18	included	include	VERB
cice-11468	156	19	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	156	20	low	low	ADJ
cice-11468	156	21	rate	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	156	22	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	156	23	progression	progression	NOUN
cice-11468	156	24	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	156	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	156	26	primary	primary	NOUN
cice-11468	156	27	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	156	28	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	156	29	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	156	30	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	156	31	almost	almost	ADV
cice-11468	156	32	30	30	NUM
cice-11468	156	33	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	156	34	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	156	35	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	156	36	did	do	AUX
cice-11468	156	37	not	not	PART
cice-11468	156	38	progress	progress	VERB
cice-11468	156	39	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	156	40	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	156	41	low	low	ADJ
cice-11468	156	42	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	156	43	achievement	achievement	NOUN
cice-11468	156	44	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	156	45	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	156	46	poor	poor	ADJ
cice-11468	156	47	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	156	48	uneven	uneven	ADJ
cice-11468	156	49	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	156	50	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	156	51	instructional	instructional	ADJ
cice-11468	156	52	materials	material	NOUN
cice-11468	156	53	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	156	54	mourshed	mourshe	VERB
cice-11468	156	55	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	156	56	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	156	57	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	156	58	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	156	59	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	156	60	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	156	61	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	157	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	157	2	goh	goh	PROPN
cice-11468	157	3	report	report	NOUN
cice-11468	157	4	introduced	introduce	VERB
cice-11468	157	5	streaming	streaming	NOUN
cice-11468	157	6	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	157	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	157	8	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	157	9	attempts	attempt	VERB
cice-11468	157	10	to	to	PART
cice-11468	157	11	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
cice-11468	157	12	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	157	13	into	into	ADP
cice-11468	157	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	157	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cice-11468	157	16	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	157	17	to	to	PART
cice-11468	157	18	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	157	19	revised	revise	VERB
cice-11468	157	20	because	because	SCONJ
cice-11468	157	21	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	157	22	the	the	DET
cice-11468	157	23	low	low	ADJ
cice-11468	157	24	status	status	NOUN
cice-11468	157	25	attached	attach	VERB
cice-11468	157	26	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	157	27	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	157	28	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	157	29	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	157	30	ashton	ashton	PROPN
cice-11468	157	31	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	157	32	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	157	33	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	157	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	157	35	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	157	36	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	157	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	158	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	158	2	1979	1979	NUM
cice-11468	158	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	158	4	when	when	SCONJ
cice-11468	158	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	158	6	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	158	7	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	158	8	restructured	restructure	VERB
cice-11468	158	9	toward	toward	ADP
cice-11468	158	10	high	high	ADJ
cice-11468	158	11	technology	technology	NOUN
cice-11468	158	12	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	158	13	more	more	ADJ
cice-11468	158	14	capital	capital	NOUN
cice-11468	158	15	intensive	intensive	ADJ
cice-11468	158	16	industries	industry	NOUN
cice-11468	158	17	such	such	ADJ
cice-11468	158	18	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	158	19	petrochemicals	petrochemical	NOUN
cice-11468	158	20	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	158	21	biotechnology	biotechnology	NOUN
cice-11468	158	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	158	23	the	the	DET
cice-11468	158	24	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	158	25	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	158	26	responded	respond	VERB
cice-11468	158	27	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	158	28	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	158	29	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	158	30	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	158	31	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	158	32	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	159	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	159	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	159	3	late1980s	late1980	NOUN
cice-11468	159	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	159	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	159	6	initiated	initiate	VERB
cice-11468	159	7	moves	move	NOUN
cice-11468	159	8	to	to	PART
cice-11468	159	9	give	give	VERB
cice-11468	159	10	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	159	11	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	159	12	initially	initially	ADV
cice-11468	159	13	extended	extend	VERB
cice-11468	159	14	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	159	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	159	16	top	top	ADJ
cice-11468	159	17	eight	eight	NUM
cice-11468	159	18	academic	academic	ADJ
cice-11468	159	19	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	159	20	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	159	21	greater	great	ADJ
cice-11468	159	22	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
cice-11468	159	23	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	159	24	the	the	DET
cice-11468	159	25	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	159	26	had	have	AUX
cice-11468	159	27	grown	grow	VERB
cice-11468	159	28	overly	overly	ADV
cice-11468	159	29	centralized	centralized	ADJ
cice-11468	159	30	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	159	31	tan	tan	PROPN
cice-11468	159	32	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	159	33	ng	ng	PROPN
cice-11468	159	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	159	35	2007).there	2007).there	NUM
cice-11468	159	36	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	159	37	also	also	ADV
cice-11468	159	38	efforts	effort	NOUN
cice-11468	159	39	to	to	PART
cice-11468	159	40	improve	improve	VERB
cice-11468	159	41	the	the	DET
cice-11468	159	42	122	122	NUM
cice-11468	159	43	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	159	44	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	159	45	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	159	46	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	159	47	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	159	48	welsh	welsh	NOUN
cice-11468	159	49	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	159	50	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	159	51	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	159	52	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	159	53	resulting	result	VERB
cice-11468	159	54	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	159	55	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	159	56	changes	change	NOUN
cice-11468	159	57	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	159	58	the	the	DET
cice-11468	159	59	image	image	NOUN
cice-11468	159	60	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	159	61	public	public	ADJ
cice-11468	159	62	perception	perception	NOUN
cice-11468	159	63	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	159	64	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	159	65	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	159	66	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	159	67	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	159	68	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	160	1	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	160	2	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	160	3	introduced	introduce	VERB
cice-11468	160	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	160	5	1990	1990	NUM
cice-11468	160	6	to	to	PART
cice-11468	160	7	extend	extend	VERB
cice-11468	160	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	160	9	minimum	minimum	ADJ
cice-11468	160	10	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	160	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	160	12	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	160	13	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	160	14	10	10	NUM
cice-11468	160	15	years	year	NOUN
cice-11468	160	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	160	17	the	the	DET
cice-11468	160	18	institute	institute	NOUN
cice-11468	160	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	160	20	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	160	21	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	160	22	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	160	23	ite	ite	PROPN
cice-11468	160	24	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	160	25	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	160	26	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	160	27	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	160	28	part	part	NOUN
cice-11468	160	29	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	160	30	efforts	effort	NOUN
cice-11468	160	31	to	to	PART
cice-11468	160	32	upgrade	upgrade	VERB
cice-11468	160	33	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	160	34	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	160	35	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	160	36	ashton	ashton	PROPN
cice-11468	160	37	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	160	38	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	160	39	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	160	40	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	160	41	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	160	42	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	160	43	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	161	1	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	161	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	161	3	late	late	ADJ
cice-11468	161	4	1990s	1990	NOUN
cice-11468	161	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	161	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	161	7	singaporean	singaporean	ADJ
cice-11468	161	8	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	161	9	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	161	10	introduced	introduce	VERB
cice-11468	161	11	measures	measure	NOUN
cice-11468	161	12	to	to	PART
cice-11468	161	13	decentralize	decentralize	VERB
cice-11468	161	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	161	15	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	161	16	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	161	17	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	161	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	161	19	state	state	NOUN
cice-11468	161	20	transitions	transition	NOUN
cice-11468	161	21	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	161	22	a	a	DET
cice-11468	161	23	supervisory	supervisory	ADJ
cice-11468	161	24	steering	steering	NOUN
cice-11468	161	25	model	model	NOUN
cice-11468	161	26	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	161	27	a	a	DET
cice-11468	161	28	direct	direct	ADJ
cice-11468	161	29	interventionist	interventionist	NOUN
cice-11468	161	30	control	control	NOUN
cice-11468	161	31	model	model	NOUN
cice-11468	161	32	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	161	33	tan	tan	PROPN
cice-11468	161	34	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	161	35	ng	ng	PROPN
cice-11468	161	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	161	37	2007	2007	NUM
cice-11468	161	38	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	161	39	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	162	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	162	2	has	have	VERB
cice-11468	162	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	162	4	regulated	regulated	ADJ
cice-11468	162	5	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	162	6	not	not	PART
cice-11468	162	7	a	a	DET
cice-11468	162	8	free	free	ADJ
cice-11468	162	9	market	market	NOUN
cice-11468	162	10	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	162	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	162	12	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	162	13	dictates	dictate	VERB
cice-11468	162	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	162	15	terms	term	NOUN
cice-11468	162	16	under	under	ADP
cice-11468	162	17	which	which	PRON
cice-11468	162	18	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	162	19	compete	compete	VERB
cice-11468	162	20	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	162	21	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	162	22	parents	parent	NOUN
cice-11468	162	23	have	have	VERB
cice-11468	162	24	a	a	DET
cice-11468	162	25	wide	wide	ADJ
cice-11468	162	26	range	range	NOUN
cice-11468	162	27	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	162	28	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	162	29	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	162	30	choices	choice	NOUN
cice-11468	162	31	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	162	32	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	162	33	children	child	NOUN
cice-11468	162	34	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	162	35	tan	tan	PROPN
cice-11468	162	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	162	37	1998	1998	NUM
cice-11468	162	38	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	162	39	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	163	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	163	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	163	3	1990s	1990	NOUN
cice-11468	163	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	163	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	163	6	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cice-11468	163	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	163	8	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	163	9	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	163	10	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	163	11	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	163	12	began	begin	VERB
cice-11468	163	13	to	to	PART
cice-11468	163	14	shift	shift	VERB
cice-11468	163	15	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	163	16	mastery	mastery	NOUN
cice-11468	163	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	163	18	content	content	NOUN
cice-11468	163	19	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	163	20	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
cice-11468	163	21	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	163	22	critical	critical	ADJ
cice-11468	163	23	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cice-11468	163	24	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	163	25	learning	learning	NOUN
cice-11468	163	26	skills	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	163	27	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	163	28	kam	kam	PROPN
cice-11468	163	29	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	163	30	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	163	31	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	163	32	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	163	33	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	163	34	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	164	1	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	164	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	164	3	2000s	2000s	NUM
cice-11468	164	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	164	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	164	6	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	164	7	positioned	position	VERB
cice-11468	164	8	itself	itself	PRON
cice-11468	164	9	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	164	10	an	an	DET
cice-11468	164	11	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	164	12	hub	hub	NOUN
cice-11468	164	13	to	to	PART
cice-11468	164	14	attract	attract	VERB
cice-11468	164	15	foreign	foreign	ADJ
cice-11468	164	16	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	164	17	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	164	18	internationally	internationally	ADV
cice-11468	164	19	renowned	renowned	ADJ
cice-11468	164	20	universities	university	NOUN
cice-11468	164	21	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	164	22	the	the	DET
cice-11468	164	23	service	service	NOUN
cice-11468	164	24	sector	sector	NOUN
cice-11468	164	25	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	164	26	the	the	DET
cice-11468	164	27	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	164	28	grows	grow	VERB
cice-11468	164	29	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	164	30	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	164	31	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	164	32	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	164	33	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	164	34	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	164	35	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	164	36	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	164	37	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	164	38	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	165	1	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	165	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	165	3	late	late	ADJ
cice-11468	165	4	1980s	1980	NOUN
cice-11468	165	5	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	165	6	mid-2000s	mid-2000s	NUM
cice-11468	165	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	165	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	165	9	gap	gap	NOUN
cice-11468	165	10	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	165	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	165	12	percent	percent	NOUN
cice-11468	165	13	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	165	14	chinese	chinese	PROPN
cice-11468	165	15	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	165	16	india	india	PROPN
cice-11468	165	17	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	165	18	malay	malay	PROPN
cice-11468	165	19	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	165	20	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	165	21	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	165	22	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	165	23	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	165	24	eligible	eligible	ADJ
cice-11468	165	25	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	165	26	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	165	27	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	165	28	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	165	29	substantially	substantially	ADV
cice-11468	165	30	narrowed	narrow	VERB
cice-11468	165	31	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	165	32	mourshed	mourshe	VERB
cice-11468	165	33	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	165	34	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	165	35	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	165	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	165	37	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	165	38	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	165	39	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	166	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	166	2	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	166	3	contrast	contrast	NOUN
cice-11468	166	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	166	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	166	6	late	late	ADJ
cice-11468	166	7	1970s	1970	NOUN
cice-11468	166	8	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	166	9	late	late	ADJ
cice-11468	166	10	1980s	1980	NOUN
cice-11468	166	11	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	166	12	a	a	DET
cice-11468	166	13	stagnant	stagnant	ADJ
cice-11468	166	14	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	166	15	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	166	16	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	166	17	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	166	18	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	166	19	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	166	20	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	166	21	cutbacks	cutback	VERB
cice-11468	166	22	adversely	adversely	ADV
cice-11468	166	23	affected	affect	VERB
cice-11468	166	24	confidence	confidence	NOUN
cice-11468	166	25	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	166	26	the	the	DET
cice-11468	166	27	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	166	28	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	166	29	the	the	DET
cice-11468	166	30	major	major	ADJ
cice-11468	166	31	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
cice-11468	166	32	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	166	33	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
cice-11468	166	34	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	166	35	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	166	36	declined	decline	VERB
cice-11468	166	37	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	166	38	student	student	NOUN
cice-11468	166	39	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	166	40	teacher	teacher	NOUN
cice-11468	166	41	ratios	ratio	NOUN
cice-11468	166	42	increased	increase	VERB
cice-11468	166	43	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	166	44	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	166	45	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	166	46	1992	1992	NUM
cice-11468	166	47	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	166	48	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	167	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	167	2	1982	1982	NUM
cice-11468	167	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	167	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	167	5	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	167	6	employment	employment	NOUN
cice-11468	167	7	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	167	8	resource	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	167	9	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	167	10	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	167	11	heart	heart	NOUN
cice-11468	167	12	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	167	13	trust	trust	NOUN
cice-11468	167	14	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	167	15	created	create	VERB
cice-11468	167	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	167	17	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	167	18	played	play	VERB
cice-11468	167	19	a	a	DET
cice-11468	167	20	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
cice-11468	167	21	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	167	22	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	167	23	the	the	DET
cice-11468	167	24	provision	provision	NOUN
cice-11468	167	25	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	167	26	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	167	27	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	167	28	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	167	29	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	168	1	heart	heart	NOUN
cice-11468	168	2	trust	trust	PROPN
cice-11468	168	3	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	168	4	reorganized	reorganize	VERB
cice-11468	168	5	into	into	ADP
cice-11468	168	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	168	7	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	168	8	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	168	9	agency	agency	NOUN
cice-11468	168	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	168	11	1994	1994	NUM
cice-11468	168	12	centralizing	centralizing	NOUN
cice-11468	168	13	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	168	14	planning	plan	VERB
cice-11468	168	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	168	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cice-11468	168	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	168	18	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	168	19	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	169	1	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	169	2	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	169	3	also	also	ADV
cice-11468	169	4	been	be	AUX
cice-11468	169	5	progress	progress	NOUN
cice-11468	169	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	169	7	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	169	8	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	169	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	169	10	1990s	1990	NOUN
cice-11468	169	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	169	12	especially	especially	ADV
cice-11468	169	13	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	169	14	certification	certification	NOUN
cice-11468	169	15	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	170	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	170	2	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	170	3	vte	vte	PROPN
cice-11468	170	4	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	170	5	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	170	6	impacted	impact	VERB
cice-11468	170	7	many	many	ADJ
cice-11468	170	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	170	9	serves	serve	VERB
cice-11468	170	10	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	170	11	a	a	DET
cice-11468	170	12	model	model	NOUN
cice-11468	170	13	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	170	14	caricom	caricom	PROPN
cice-11468	170	15	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	170	16	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	170	17	lewis	lewis	PROPN
cice-11468	170	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	170	19	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	170	20	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	170	21	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	171	1	yet	yet	ADV
cice-11468	171	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	171	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	171	4	2003	2003	NUM
cice-11468	171	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	171	6	approximately	approximately	ADV
cice-11468	171	7	80	80	NUM
cice-11468	171	8	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	171	9	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	171	10	employed	employ	VERB
cice-11468	171	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	171	12	unemployed	unemployed	ADJ
cice-11468	171	13	workers	worker	NOUN
cice-11468	171	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	171	15	74	74	NUM
cice-11468	171	16	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	171	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	171	18	first	first	ADJ
cice-11468	171	19	time	time	NOUN
cice-11468	171	20	job	job	NOUN
cice-11468	171	21	seekers	seeker	NOUN
cice-11468	171	22	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	171	23	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	171	24	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	171	25	no	no	DET
cice-11468	171	26	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	171	27	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	171	28	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	171	29	or	or	CCONJ
cice-11468	171	30	professional	professional	ADJ
cice-11468	171	31	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	171	32	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	171	33	blank	blank	PROPN
cice-11468	171	34	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	171	35	mcardle	mcardle	PROPN
cice-11468	171	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	171	37	2003	2003	NUM
cice-11468	171	38	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	171	39	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	172	1	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	172	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	172	3	1980s	1980	NOUN
cice-11468	172	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	172	5	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	172	6	offered	offer	VERB
cice-11468	172	7	some	some	DET
cice-11468	172	8	type	type	NOUN
cice-11468	172	9	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	172	10	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	172	11	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	172	12	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	172	13	50	50	NUM
cice-11468	172	14	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	172	15	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	172	16	the	the	DET
cice-11468	172	17	12	12	NUM
cice-11468	172	18	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	172	19	17	17	NUM
cice-11468	172	20	age	age	NOUN
cice-11468	172	21	cohort	cohort	NOUN
cice-11468	172	22	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	172	23	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	172	24	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	172	25	1992	1992	NUM
cice-11468	172	26	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	172	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	173	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	173	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	173	3	1990s	1990s	NUM
cice-11468	173	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	173	5	improving	improve	VERB
cice-11468	173	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	173	7	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	173	8	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	173	9	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	173	10	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	173	11	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	173	12	a	a	DET
cice-11468	173	13	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	173	14	imperative	imperative	NOUN
cice-11468	173	15	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	173	16	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	173	17	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	173	18	1997	1997	NUM
cice-11468	173	19	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	173	20	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	174	1	prior	prior	ADV
cice-11468	174	2	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	174	3	1994	1994	NUM
cice-11468	174	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	174	5	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	174	6	was	be	VERB
cice-11468	174	7	no	no	DET
cice-11468	174	8	common	common	ADJ
cice-11468	174	9	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cice-11468	174	10	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	174	11	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	174	12	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	174	13	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	174	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	174	15	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	174	16	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	174	17	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	174	18	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	174	19	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	174	20	launched	launch	VERB
cice-11468	174	21	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	174	22	1993	1993	NUM
cice-11468	174	23	introduced	introduce	VERB
cice-11468	174	24	a	a	DET
cice-11468	174	25	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	174	26	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cice-11468	174	27	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	174	28	grades	grade	NOUN
cice-11468	174	29	7	7	NUM
cice-11468	174	30	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	174	31	9	9	NUM
cice-11468	174	32	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	174	33	unesco	unesco	NOUN
cice-11468	174	34	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	174	35	ibe	ibe	PROPN
cice-11468	174	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	174	37	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	174	38	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	174	39	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	175	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	175	2	made	make	VERB
cice-11468	175	3	substantial	substantial	ADJ
cice-11468	175	4	improvements	improvement	NOUN
cice-11468	175	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	175	6	data	datum	NOUN
cice-11468	175	7	reporting	reporting	NOUN
cice-11468	175	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	175	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cice-11468	175	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	175	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	175	12	extended	extend	VERB
cice-11468	175	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	175	14	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	175	15	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	175	16	student	student	NOUN
cice-11468	175	17	assessments	assessment	NOUN
cice-11468	175	18	beyond	beyond	ADP
cice-11468	175	19	selection	selection	NOUN
cice-11468	175	20	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cice-11468	175	21	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	175	22	miller	miller	NOUN
cice-11468	175	23	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	175	24	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	175	25	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	175	26	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	176	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	176	2	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	176	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	176	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	176	5	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	176	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cice-11468	176	7	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	176	8	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	176	9	nap	nap	NOUN
cice-11468	176	10	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	176	11	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	176	12	launched	launch	VERB
cice-11468	176	13	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	176	14	grade	grade	NOUN
cice-11468	176	15	4	4	NUM
cice-11468	176	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	176	17	grade	grade	NOUN
cice-11468	176	18	6	6	NUM
cice-11468	176	19	achievement	achievement	NOUN
cice-11468	176	20	tests	test	NOUN
cice-11468	176	21	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	176	22	all	all	DET
cice-11468	176	23	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	176	24	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	176	25	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	176	26	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	176	27	part	part	NOUN
cice-11468	176	28	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	176	29	a	a	DET
cice-11468	176	30	shift	shift	NOUN
cice-11468	176	31	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	176	32	the	the	DET
cice-11468	176	33	testing	testing	NOUN
cice-11468	176	34	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	176	35	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	177	1	social	social	ADJ
cice-11468	177	2	promotion	promotion	NOUN
cice-11468	177	3	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	177	4	discontinued	discontinue	VERB
cice-11468	177	5	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	177	6	standards	standard	NOUN
cice-11468	177	7	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	177	8	promotion	promotion	NOUN
cice-11468	177	9	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	177	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	177	11	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	177	12	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	177	13	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	177	14	introduced	introduce	VERB
cice-11468	177	15	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	177	16	stipulating	stipulate	VERB
cice-11468	177	17	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	177	18	a	a	DET
cice-11468	177	19	student	student	NOUN
cice-11468	177	20	should	should	AUX
cice-11468	177	21	not	not	PART
cice-11468	177	22	advance	advance	VERB
cice-11468	177	23	above	above	ADP
cice-11468	177	24	grade	grade	NOUN
cice-11468	177	25	four	four	NUM
cice-11468	177	26	without	without	ADP
cice-11468	177	27	the	the	DET
cice-11468	177	28	requisite	requisite	ADJ
cice-11468	177	29	functional	functional	ADJ
cice-11468	177	30	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	177	31	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	177	32	miller	miller	NOUN
cice-11468	177	33	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	177	34	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	177	35	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	177	36	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	178	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	178	2	recent	recent	ADJ
cice-11468	178	3	decades	decade	NOUN
cice-11468	178	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	178	5	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	178	6	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	178	7	been	be	AUX
cice-11468	178	8	a	a	DET
cice-11468	178	9	notable	notable	ADJ
cice-11468	178	10	regional	regional	ADJ
cice-11468	178	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	178	12	international	international	ADJ
cice-11468	178	13	influence	influence	NOUN
cice-11468	178	14	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	178	15	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	178	16	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	178	17	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	178	18	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	178	19	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	178	20	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	178	21	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	179	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	179	2	island	island	NOUN
cice-11468	179	3	participated	participate	VERB
cice-11468	179	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	179	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	179	6	efa	efa	PROPN
cice-11468	179	7	international	international	PROPN
cice-11468	179	8	initiative	initiative	NOUN
cice-11468	179	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	179	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	179	11	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	179	12	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	179	13	efforts	effort	NOUN
cice-11468	179	14	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	179	15	dominated	dominate	VERB
cice-11468	179	16	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	179	17	the	the	DET
cice-11468	179	18	inter	inter	ADJ
cice-11468	179	19	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	179	20	american	american	ADJ
cice-11468	179	21	development	development	PROPN
cice-11468	179	22	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	179	23	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	179	24	idb	idb	PROPN
cice-11468	179	25	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	179	26	projects	project	NOUN
cice-11468	179	27	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	179	28	the	the	DET
cice-11468	179	29	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	179	30	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	179	31	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	179	32	world	world	NOUN
cice-11468	179	33	bank	bank	NOUN
cice-11468	179	34	projects	project	NOUN
cice-11468	179	35	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	179	36	the	the	DET
cice-11468	179	37	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	179	38	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	179	39	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	179	40	miller	miller	NOUN
cice-11468	179	41	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	179	42	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	179	43	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	179	44	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	180	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	180	2	spite	spite	NOUN
cice-11468	180	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	180	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	180	5	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	180	6	undertaken	undertake	VERB
cice-11468	180	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	180	8	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	180	9	remains	remain	VERB
cice-11468	180	10	a	a	DET
cice-11468	180	11	major	major	ADJ
cice-11468	180	12	challenge	challenge	NOUN
cice-11468	180	13	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	181	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	181	2	2003	2003	NUM
cice-11468	181	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	181	4	30	30	NUM
cice-11468	181	5	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	181	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	181	7	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	181	8	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	181	9	leavers	leaver	NOUN
cice-11468	181	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	181	11	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	181	12	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	181	13	illiterate	illiterate	ADJ
cice-11468	181	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	181	15	only	only	ADV
cice-11468	181	16	about	about	ADV
cice-11468	181	17	20	20	NUM
cice-11468	181	18	%	%	NOUN
cice-11468	181	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	181	20	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	181	21	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	181	22	graduates	graduate	NOUN
cice-11468	181	23	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	181	24	the	the	DET
cice-11468	181	25	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
cice-11468	181	26	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	181	27	employment	employment	NOUN
cice-11468	181	28	or	or	CCONJ
cice-11468	181	29	entry	entry	NOUN
cice-11468	181	30	into	into	ADP
cice-11468	181	31	a	a	DET
cice-11468	181	32	postsecondary	postsecondary	ADJ
cice-11468	181	33	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	181	34	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	181	35	davies	davy	NOUN
cice-11468	181	36	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	181	37	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	181	38	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	181	39	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	181	40	2004	2004	NUM
cice-11468	181	41	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	181	42	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	182	1	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	182	2	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	182	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	182	4	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	182	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	182	6	123	123	NUM
cice-11468	182	7	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	182	8	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	182	9	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	182	10	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	182	11	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	182	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	182	13	timing	timing	NOUN
cice-11468	182	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	182	15	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	182	16	the	the	DET
cice-11468	182	17	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	182	18	experience	experience	NOUN
cice-11468	182	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	182	20	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	182	21	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	182	22	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	182	23	suggests	suggest	VERB
cice-11468	182	24	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	182	25	timing	timing	NOUN
cice-11468	182	26	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	182	27	the	the	DET
cice-11468	182	28	when	when	SCONJ
cice-11468	182	29	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	182	30	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	182	31	important	important	ADJ
cice-11468	182	32	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	182	33	not	not	PART
cice-11468	182	34	just	just	ADV
cice-11468	182	35	the	the	DET
cice-11468	182	36	content	content	NOUN
cice-11468	182	37	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	182	38	the	the	DET
cice-11468	182	39	what	what	NOUN
cice-11468	182	40	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	182	41	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	182	42	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	182	43	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	182	44	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	183	1	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	183	2	systems	system	NOUN
cice-11468	183	3	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	183	4	constantly	constantly	ADV
cice-11468	183	5	reforming	reform	VERB
cice-11468	183	6	though	though	SCONJ
cice-11468	183	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	183	8	nature	nature	NOUN
cice-11468	183	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	183	10	extent	extent	NOUN
cice-11468	183	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	183	12	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	183	13	differ	differ	VERB
cice-11468	183	14	among	among	ADP
cice-11468	183	15	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	183	16	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	183	17	cuban	cuban	ADJ
cice-11468	183	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	183	19	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	183	20	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	183	21	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	184	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	184	2	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	184	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	184	4	good	good	ADJ
cice-11468	184	5	example	example	NOUN
cice-11468	184	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	184	7	how	how	SCONJ
cice-11468	184	8	a	a	DET
cice-11468	184	9	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	184	10	shifts	shift	NOUN
cice-11468	184	11	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	184	12	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cice-11468	184	13	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	184	14	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	184	15	evolves	evolve	VERB
cice-11468	184	16	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	185	2	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	185	3	stages	stage	NOUN
cice-11468	185	4	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	185	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	185	6	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	185	7	can	can	AUX
cice-11468	185	8	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	185	9	broadly	broadly	ADV
cice-11468	185	10	classified	classify	VERB
cice-11468	185	11	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	185	12	“	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	13	survival	survival	NOUN
cice-11468	185	14	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	15	driven	drive	VERB
cice-11468	185	16	”	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	17	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	18	1959	1959	NUM
cice-11468	185	19	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	185	20	78	78	NUM
cice-11468	185	21	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	23	“	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	24	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
cice-11468	185	25	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	26	driven	drive	VERB
cice-11468	185	27	”	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	28	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	29	1979	1979	NUM
cice-11468	185	30	96	96	NUM
cice-11468	185	31	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	32	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	33	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	185	34	“	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	35	ability	ability	NOUN
cice-11468	185	36	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	37	driven	drive	VERB
cice-11468	185	38	”	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	39	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	40	1997	1997	NUM
cice-11468	185	41	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	42	present	present	NOUN
cice-11468	185	43	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	44	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	45	mourshed	mourshe	VERB
cice-11468	185	46	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	185	47	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	185	48	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	185	49	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	50	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	185	51	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	185	52	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	186	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	186	2	initially	initially	ADV
cice-11468	186	3	adopted	adopt	VERB
cice-11468	186	4	a	a	DET
cice-11468	186	5	more	more	ADJ
cice-11468	186	6	project	project	NOUN
cice-11468	186	7	driven	drive	VERB
cice-11468	186	8	approach	approach	NOUN
cice-11468	186	9	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	186	10	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	186	11	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	186	12	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	186	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	186	14	1990s	1990	NOUN
cice-11468	186	15	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	186	16	gradually	gradually	ADV
cice-11468	186	17	shifted	shift	VERB
cice-11468	186	18	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	186	19	a	a	DET
cice-11468	186	20	more	more	ADV
cice-11468	186	21	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cice-11468	186	22	strategic	strategic	ADJ
cice-11468	186	23	approach	approach	NOUN
cice-11468	186	24	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	186	25	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	186	26	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	186	27	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	186	28	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	186	29	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	186	30	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	186	31	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	186	32	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	186	33	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	186	34	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	187	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	187	2	can	can	AUX
cice-11468	187	3	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	187	4	argued	argue	VERB
cice-11468	187	5	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	187	6	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	187	7	enacted	enact	VERB
cice-11468	187	8	more	more	ADV
cice-11468	187	9	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cice-11468	187	10	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	187	11	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	187	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	187	13	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	187	14	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	187	15	independence	independence	ADJ
cice-11468	187	16	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	187	17	compared	compare	VERB
cice-11468	187	18	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	187	19	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	187	20	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	187	21	mostly	mostly	ADV
cice-11468	187	22	project	project	NOUN
cice-11468	187	23	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	187	24	driven	drive	VERB
cice-11468	187	25	approach	approach	NOUN
cice-11468	187	26	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	187	27	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	187	28	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	187	29	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	188	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	188	2	undertook	undertake	VERB
cice-11468	188	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	188	4	series	series	NOUN
cice-11468	188	5	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	188	6	four	four	NUM
cice-11468	188	7	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cice-11468	188	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	188	9	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	188	10	cycles	cycle	NOUN
cice-11468	188	11	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	188	12	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	188	13	1961	1961	NUM
cice-11468	188	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	188	15	1979	1979	NUM
cice-11468	188	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	188	17	1991	1991	NUM
cice-11468	188	18	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	188	19	1997	1997	NUM
cice-11468	188	20	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	188	21	compared	compare	VERB
cice-11468	188	22	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	188	23	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	188	24	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	188	25	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	188	26	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	188	27	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	188	28	1973	1973	NUM
cice-11468	188	29	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	188	30	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	188	31	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	188	32	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	189	1	although	although	SCONJ
cice-11468	189	2	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	189	3	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	189	4	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cice-11468	189	5	to	to	PART
cice-11468	189	6	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	189	7	definitive	definitive	ADJ
cice-11468	189	8	about	about	ADP
cice-11468	189	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	189	10	impact	impact	NOUN
cice-11468	189	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	189	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	189	13	timing	timing	NOUN
cice-11468	189	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	189	15	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	189	16	given	give	VERB
cice-11468	189	17	the	the	DET
cice-11468	189	18	multitude	multitude	NOUN
cice-11468	189	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	189	20	confounding	confound	VERB
cice-11468	189	21	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	189	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	189	23	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	189	24	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	189	25	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cice-11468	189	26	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	189	27	the	the	DET
cice-11468	189	28	timing	timing	NOUN
cice-11468	189	29	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	189	30	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	189	31	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	189	32	a	a	DET
cice-11468	189	33	major	major	ADJ
cice-11468	189	34	contributor	contributor	NOUN
cice-11468	189	35	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	189	36	the	the	DET
cice-11468	189	37	progress	progress	NOUN
cice-11468	189	38	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	189	39	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	189	40	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	189	41	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	189	42	both	both	DET
cice-11468	189	43	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	189	44	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	190	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	190	2	notion	notion	NOUN
cice-11468	190	3	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	190	4	not	not	PART
cice-11468	190	5	only	only	ADV
cice-11468	190	6	did	do	AUX
cice-11468	190	7	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	190	8	undertake	undertake	VERB
cice-11468	190	9	more	more	ADV
cice-11468	190	10	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cice-11468	190	11	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	190	12	rather	rather	ADV
cice-11468	190	13	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	190	14	a	a	DET
cice-11468	190	15	project	project	NOUN
cice-11468	190	16	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	190	17	driven	drive	VERB
cice-11468	190	18	approach	approach	NOUN
cice-11468	190	19	but	but	CCONJ
cice-11468	190	20	the	the	DET
cice-11468	190	21	timing	timing	NOUN
cice-11468	190	22	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	190	23	these	these	DET
cice-11468	190	24	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	190	25	roughly	roughly	ADV
cice-11468	190	26	every	every	DET
cice-11468	190	27	20	20	NUM
cice-11468	190	28	years	year	NOUN
cice-11468	190	29	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	190	30	opposed	oppose	VERB
cice-11468	190	31	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	190	32	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	190	33	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	190	34	approximate	approximate	ADJ
cice-11468	190	35	30	30	NUM
cice-11468	190	36	year	year	NOUN
cice-11468	190	37	cycle	cycle	NOUN
cice-11468	190	38	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	190	39	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	190	40	an	an	DET
cice-11468	190	41	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
cice-11468	190	42	variable	variable	NOUN
cice-11468	190	43	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	190	44	the	the	DET
cice-11468	190	45	disparities	disparity	NOUN
cice-11468	190	46	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	190	47	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	190	48	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	190	49	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	190	50	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
cice-11468	190	51	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	190	52	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	190	53	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	191	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
cice-11468	191	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	191	3	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	191	4	appears	appear	VERB
cice-11468	191	5	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	191	6	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	191	7	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	191	8	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	191	9	accompany	accompany	VERB
cice-11468	191	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	191	11	complement	complement	VERB
cice-11468	191	12	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	191	13	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	191	14	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	191	15	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	191	16	crucial	crucial	ADJ
cice-11468	191	17	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	192	1	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	192	2	instance	instance	NOUN
cice-11468	192	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	192	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	192	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	192	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	192	7	1979	1979	NUM
cice-11468	192	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	192	9	1991	1991	NUM
cice-11468	192	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	192	11	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cice-11468	192	12	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	192	13	plans	plan	NOUN
cice-11468	192	14	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	192	15	followed	follow	VERB
cice-11468	192	16	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	192	17	major	major	ADJ
cice-11468	192	18	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	192	19	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	192	20	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	192	21	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	192	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	192	23	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	192	24	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	192	25	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	193	1	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	193	2	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	193	3	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	193	4	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	193	5	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	193	6	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	193	7	both	both	DET
cice-11468	193	8	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	193	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	193	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	193	11	immediate	immediate	ADJ
cice-11468	193	12	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	193	13	era	era	NOUN
cice-11468	193	14	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	193	15	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
cice-11468	193	16	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	194	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	194	2	seems	seem	VERB
cice-11468	194	3	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	194	4	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	194	5	was	be	VERB
cice-11468	194	6	an	an	DET
cice-11468	194	7	important	important	ADJ
cice-11468	194	8	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	194	9	window	window	NOUN
cice-11468	194	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	194	11	both	both	DET
cice-11468	194	12	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	194	13	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	194	14	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	194	15	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	194	16	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	194	17	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	195	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	195	2	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	195	3	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	195	4	defined	define	VERB
cice-11468	195	5	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	195	6	a	a	DET
cice-11468	195	7	confluence	confluence	NOUN
cice-11468	195	8	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	195	9	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	195	10	including	include	VERB
cice-11468	195	11	social	social	ADJ
cice-11468	195	12	demand	demand	NOUN
cice-11468	195	13	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	195	14	political	political	ADJ
cice-11468	195	15	will	will	NOUN
cice-11468	195	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	195	17	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	195	18	means	mean	NOUN
cice-11468	195	19	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	195	20	made	make	VERB
cice-11468	195	21	bold	bold	ADJ
cice-11468	195	22	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	195	23	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	195	24	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	195	25	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	195	26	feasible	feasible	ADJ
cice-11468	195	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	196	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	196	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	196	3	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	196	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	196	5	when	when	SCONJ
cice-11468	196	6	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	196	7	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	196	8	a	a	DET
cice-11468	196	9	seemingly	seemingly	ADV
cice-11468	196	10	weak	weak	ADJ
cice-11468	196	11	appetite	appetite	NOUN
cice-11468	196	12	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	196	13	embracing	embrace	VERB
cice-11468	196	14	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	196	15	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	196	16	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	196	17	major	major	ADJ
cice-11468	196	18	projects	project	NOUN
cice-11468	196	19	sponsored	sponsor	VERB
cice-11468	196	20	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	196	21	multilateral	multilateral	ADJ
cice-11468	196	22	agencies	agency	NOUN
cice-11468	196	23	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	196	24	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	196	25	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	196	26	remaking	remake	VERB
cice-11468	196	27	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	196	28	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	196	29	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	196	30	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	196	31	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	196	32	moves	move	NOUN
cice-11468	196	33	addressing	address	VERB
cice-11468	196	34	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
cice-11468	196	35	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	196	36	curricular	curricular	ADJ
cice-11468	196	37	choices	choice	NOUN
cice-11468	196	38	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	197	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	197	2	southeast	southeast	PROPN
cice-11468	197	3	asia	asia	PROPN
cice-11468	197	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	197	5	earlier	early	ADJ
cice-11468	197	6	investment	investment	NOUN
cice-11468	197	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	197	8	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	197	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	197	10	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	197	11	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	197	12	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	197	13	substantial	substantial	ADJ
cice-11468	197	14	effects	effect	NOUN
cice-11468	197	15	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	197	16	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	197	17	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	197	18	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	197	19	the	the	DET
cice-11468	197	20	early	early	ADJ
cice-11468	197	21	1980s	1980	NOUN
cice-11468	197	22	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	197	23	birdsall	birdsall	PROPN
cice-11468	197	24	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	197	25	sabot	sabot	PROPN
cice-11468	197	26	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	197	27	1995	1995	NUM
cice-11468	197	28	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	197	29	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	197	30	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	197	31	high	high	ADJ
cice-11468	197	32	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	197	33	rates	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	197	34	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	197	35	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
cice-11468	197	36	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	197	37	the	the	DET
cice-11468	197	38	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	197	39	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	197	40	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	197	41	the	the	DET
cice-11468	197	42	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	197	43	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	197	44	positively	positively	ADV
cice-11468	197	45	related	relate	VERB
cice-11468	197	46	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	197	47	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	197	48	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	197	49	rates	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	197	50	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	197	51	the	the	DET
cice-11468	197	52	1970s	1970	NOUN
cice-11468	197	53	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	197	54	1980s	1980	NOUN
cice-11468	197	55	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	197	56	aldcroft	aldcroft	ADJ
cice-11468	197	57	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	197	58	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	197	59	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	198	1	barro	barro	NOUN
cice-11468	198	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	198	3	1991	1991	NUM
cice-11468	198	4	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	198	5	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	199	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	199	2	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	199	3	plausible	plausible	ADJ
cice-11468	199	4	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	199	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	199	6	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	199	7	reaping	reap	VERB
cice-11468	199	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	199	9	benefits	benefit	NOUN
cice-11468	199	10	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	199	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	199	12	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	199	13	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	199	14	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	199	15	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	199	16	implemented	implement	VERB
cice-11468	199	17	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	199	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	199	19	early	early	ADJ
cice-11468	199	20	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	199	21	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	199	22	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	199	23	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	199	24	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	199	25	paying	pay	VERB
cice-11468	199	26	the	the	DET
cice-11468	199	27	costs	cost	NOUN
cice-11468	199	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	200	1	many	many	ADJ
cice-11468	200	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	200	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	200	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	200	5	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	200	6	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	200	7	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	200	8	began	begin	VERB
cice-11468	200	9	to	to	PART
cice-11468	200	10	pursue	pursue	VERB
cice-11468	200	11	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	200	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	200	13	1970s	1970	NOUN
cice-11468	200	14	such	such	ADJ
cice-11468	200	15	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	200	16	an	an	DET
cice-11468	200	17	increased	increase	VERB
cice-11468	200	18	focus	focus	NOUN
cice-11468	200	19	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	200	20	the	the	DET
cice-11468	200	21	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	200	22	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	200	23	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	200	24	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	200	25	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	200	26	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	200	27	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	200	28	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	200	29	employed	employ	VERB
cice-11468	200	30	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	200	31	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	200	32	nearly	nearly	ADV
cice-11468	200	33	a	a	PRON
cice-11468	200	34	decade	decade	NOUN
cice-11468	200	35	earlier	early	ADV
cice-11468	200	36	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	200	37	the	the	DET
cice-11468	200	38	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	200	39	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	201	1	this	this	DET
cice-11468	201	2	article	article	NOUN
cice-11468	201	3	argues	argue	VERB
cice-11468	201	4	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	201	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	201	6	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	201	7	head	head	NOUN
cice-11468	201	8	start	start	VERB
cice-11468	201	9	played	play	VERB
cice-11468	201	10	a	a	DET
cice-11468	201	11	critical	critical	ADJ
cice-11468	201	12	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	201	13	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	201	14	developing	develop	VERB
cice-11468	201	15	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	201	16	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	201	17	to	to	PART
cice-11468	201	18	take	take	VERB
cice-11468	201	19	advantage	advantage	NOUN
cice-11468	201	20	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	201	21	the	the	DET
cice-11468	201	22	transition	transition	NOUN
cice-11468	201	23	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	201	24	the	the	DET
cice-11468	201	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cice-11468	201	26	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	201	27	based	base	VERB
cice-11468	201	28	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	201	29	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	201	30	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	201	31	globalization	globalization	NOUN
cice-11468	201	32	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	202	1	though	though	SCONJ
cice-11468	202	2	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	202	3	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	202	4	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cice-11468	202	5	to	to	PART
cice-11468	202	6	associate	associate	VERB
cice-11468	202	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	202	8	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	202	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	202	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	202	11	changes	change	NOUN
cice-11468	202	12	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	202	13	per	per	ADP
cice-11468	202	14	capita	capita	X
cice-11468	202	15	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	202	16	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	202	17	rates	rate	NOUN
cice-11468	202	18	this	this	DET
cice-11468	202	19	paper	paper	NOUN
cice-11468	202	20	posits	posit	NOUN
cice-11468	202	21	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	202	22	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	202	23	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	202	24	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	202	25	a	a	DET
cice-11468	202	26	lagged	lag	VERB
cice-11468	202	27	link	link	NOUN
cice-11468	202	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	203	1	early	early	ADJ
cice-11468	203	2	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	203	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	203	4	changes	change	NOUN
cice-11468	203	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	203	6	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	203	7	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	203	8	during	during	ADP
cice-11468	203	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	203	10	19601980	19601980	NUM
cice-11468	203	11	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	203	12	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	203	13	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	203	14	associated	associate	VERB
cice-11468	203	15	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	203	16	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	203	17	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	203	18	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	203	19	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	203	20	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	203	21	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	203	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	203	23	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	203	24	the	the	DET
cice-11468	203	25	late	late	ADJ
cice-11468	203	26	1960s	1960	NOUN
cice-11468	203	27	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	203	28	early	early	ADJ
cice-11468	203	29	1970s	1970	NOUN
cice-11468	203	30	being	be	AUX
cice-11468	203	31	key	key	ADJ
cice-11468	203	32	turning	turning	NOUN
cice-11468	203	33	points	point	NOUN
cice-11468	203	34	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	204	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	204	2	underlying	underlie	VERB
cice-11468	204	3	logic	logic	NOUN
cice-11468	204	4	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	204	5	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	204	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	204	7	instrumental	instrumental	ADJ
cice-11468	204	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	204	9	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	204	10	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	204	11	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	204	12	pursued	pursue	VERB
cice-11468	204	13	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	204	14	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	204	15	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	204	16	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	204	17	prepared	prepare	VERB
cice-11468	204	18	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	204	19	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	204	20	to	to	PART
cice-11468	204	21	capitalize	capitalize	VERB
cice-11468	204	22	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	204	23	changes	change	NOUN
cice-11468	204	24	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	204	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	204	26	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	204	27	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	204	28	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	204	29	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	204	30	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	204	31	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	204	32	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	1	124	124	NUM
cice-11468	205	2	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	205	3	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	205	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	205	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	205	6	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	205	7	welsh	welsh	NOUN
cice-11468	205	8	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	205	9	1962	1962	NUM
cice-11468	205	10	1963	1963	NUM
cice-11468	205	11	1966	1966	NUM
cice-11468	205	12	1973	1973	NUM
cice-11468	205	13	1975	1975	NUM
cice-11468	205	14	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	205	15	1982	1982	NUM
cice-11468	205	16	1983	1983	NUM
cice-11468	205	17	1991	1991	NUM
cice-11468	205	18	1992	1992	NUM
cice-11468	205	19	1993	1993	NUM
cice-11468	205	20	1994	1994	NUM
cice-11468	205	21	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	205	22	2003	2003	NUM
cice-11468	205	23	2004	2004	NUM
cice-11468	205	24	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	205	25	2007	2007	NUM
cice-11468	205	26	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	205	27	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	28	70/30	70/30	NUM
cice-11468	205	29	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
cice-11468	205	30	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	205	31	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	205	32	implemented	implement	VERB
cice-11468	205	33	to	to	PART
cice-11468	205	34	provide	provide	VERB
cice-11468	205	35	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	205	36	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	205	37	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	205	38	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	205	39	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	205	40	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	41	poor	poor	ADJ
cice-11468	205	42	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	43	working	working	NOUN
cice-11468	205	44	class	class	NOUN
cice-11468	205	45	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	46	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	205	47	plan	plan	NOUN
cice-11468	205	48	proposed	propose	VERB
cice-11468	205	49	expanding	expand	VERB
cice-11468	205	50	teacher	teacher	NOUN
cice-11468	205	51	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	205	52	facilities	facility	NOUN
cice-11468	205	53	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	54	reformed	reform	VERB
cice-11468	205	55	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	56	selection	selection	NOUN
cice-11468	205	57	process	process	NOUN
cice-11468	205	58	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	205	59	admission	admission	NOUN
cice-11468	205	60	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	205	61	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	205	62	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	205	63	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	64	new	new	ADJ
cice-11468	205	65	deal	deal	NOUN
cice-11468	205	66	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	205	67	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	205	68	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	205	69	focused	focus	VERB
cice-11468	205	70	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	205	71	expanding	expand	VERB
cice-11468	205	72	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	205	73	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	205	74	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	205	75	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	76	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	205	77	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	205	78	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	205	79	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	205	80	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	81	resulted	result	VERB
cice-11468	205	82	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	205	83	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	84	creation	creation	NOUN
cice-11468	205	85	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	205	86	“	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	87	junior	junior	ADJ
cice-11468	205	88	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	205	89	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	205	90	”	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	91	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	205	92	thrustfree	thrustfree	NOUN
cice-11468	205	93	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	205	94	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	205	95	all	all	DET
cice-11468	205	96	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	205	97	made	make	VERB
cice-11468	205	98	compulsory	compulsory	ADJ
cice-11468	205	99	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	205	100	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	101	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	205	102	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	205	103	free	free	ADJ
cice-11468	205	104	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	105	focused	focus	VERB
cice-11468	205	106	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	205	107	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	108	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	205	109	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	205	110	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	205	111	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	205	112	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	113	led	lead	VERB
cice-11468	205	114	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	205	115	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	205	116	reorganization	reorganization	NOUN
cice-11468	205	117	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	205	118	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	119	ministry	ministry	PROPN
cice-11468	205	120	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	205	121	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	205	122	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	123	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	205	124	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	125	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	126	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	205	127	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	128	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	205	129	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	205	130	unit	unit	NOUN
cice-11468	205	131	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	205	132	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	133	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	205	134	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	205	135	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	205	136	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	137	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	205	138	act	act	NOUN
cice-11468	205	139	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	205	140	four	four	NUM
cice-11468	205	141	formal	formal	ADJ
cice-11468	205	142	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	205	143	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	205	144	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	145	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	205	146	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	147	redefined	redefine	VERB
cice-11468	205	148	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	149	roles	role	NOUN
cice-11468	205	150	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	151	responsibilities	responsibility	NOUN
cice-11468	205	152	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	205	153	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	154	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	205	155	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	156	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	205	157	employment	employment	NOUN
cice-11468	205	158	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	159	resource	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	205	160	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	205	161	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	162	heart	heart	NOUN
cice-11468	205	163	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	164	trust	trust	NOUN
cice-11468	205	165	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	205	166	created	create	VERB
cice-11468	205	167	heart	heart	NOUN
cice-11468	205	168	trust	trust	NOUN
cice-11468	205	169	launched	launch	VERB
cice-11468	205	170	traineeship	traineeship	NOUN
cice-11468	205	171	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	205	172	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	173	7	7	NUM
cice-11468	205	174	heart	heart	NOUN
cice-11468	205	175	academies	academy	NOUN
cice-11468	205	176	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	205	177	opened	open	VERB
cice-11468	205	178	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	205	179	1984	1984	NUM
cice-11468	205	180	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	181	1988	1988	NUM
cice-11468	205	182	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	183	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cice-11468	205	184	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	205	185	six	six	NUM
cice-11468	205	186	regional	regional	ADJ
cice-11468	205	187	offices	office	NOUN
cice-11468	205	188	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	205	189	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	190	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	205	191	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	205	192	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
cice-11468	205	193	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	205	194	supervising	supervise	VERB
cice-11468	205	195	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	205	196	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	197	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	205	198	’	'	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	199	personnel	personnel	NOUN
cice-11468	205	200	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	201	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	205	202	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	205	203	agency	agency	PROPN
cice-11468	205	204	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	205	nta	nta	PROPN
cice-11468	205	206	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	207	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	205	208	created	create	VERB
cice-11468	205	209	to	to	AUX
cice-11468	205	210	co	co	VERB
cice-11468	205	211	-	-	NOUN
cice-11468	205	212	ordinate	ordinate	VERB
cice-11468	205	213	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	214	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cice-11468	205	215	all	all	DET
cice-11468	205	216	activities	activity	NOUN
cice-11468	205	217	within	within	ADP
cice-11468	205	218	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	205	219	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	205	220	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	205	221	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	205	222	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	223	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	205	224	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	225	cost	cost	NOUN
cice-11468	205	226	sharing	sharing	NOUN
cice-11468	205	227	scheme	scheme	NOUN
cice-11468	205	228	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	205	229	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	230	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	205	231	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	205	232	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	205	233	introduced	introduce	VERB
cice-11468	205	234	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	205	235	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	205	236	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	205	237	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	205	238	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	239	rose	rose	PROPN
cice-11468	205	240	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	205	241	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	205	242	launched	launch	VERB
cice-11468	205	243	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	205	244	part	part	NOUN
cice-11468	205	245	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	205	246	the	the	DET
cice-11468	205	247	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	205	248	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	205	249	15	15	NUM
cice-11468	205	250	year	year	NOUN
cice-11468	205	251	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	205	252	to	to	PART
cice-11468	205	253	reform	reform	VERB
cice-11468	205	254	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	205	255	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	205	256	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	206	2	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	206	3	introduced	introduce	VERB
cice-11468	206	4	a	a	DET
cice-11468	206	5	common	common	ADJ
cice-11468	206	6	core	core	NOUN
cice-11468	206	7	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cice-11468	206	8	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	206	9	grades	grade	NOUN
cice-11468	206	10	7	7	NUM
cice-11468	206	11	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	206	12	9	9	NUM
cice-11468	206	13	nationwide	nationwide	ADJ
cice-11468	206	14	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	15	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	206	16	council	council	PROPN
cice-11468	206	17	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	206	18	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	206	19	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	20	nce	nce	NOUN
cice-11468	206	21	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	22	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	206	23	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	206	24	to	to	PART
cice-11468	206	25	provide	provide	VERB
cice-11468	206	26	leadership	leadership	NOUN
cice-11468	206	27	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	206	28	stimulating	stimulate	VERB
cice-11468	206	29	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	30	advising	advise	VERB
cice-11468	206	31	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	206	32	promoting	promote	VERB
cice-11468	206	33	consensus	consensus	NOUN
cice-11468	206	34	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	206	35	the	the	DET
cice-11468	206	36	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	206	37	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	206	38	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	206	39	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	206	40	heart	heart	NOUN
cice-11468	206	41	trust	trust	NOUN
cice-11468	206	42	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	206	43	reorganized	reorganize	VERB
cice-11468	206	44	into	into	ADP
cice-11468	206	45	the	the	DET
cice-11468	206	46	nta	nta	NOUN
cice-11468	206	47	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	48	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	206	49	council	council	PROPN
cice-11468	206	50	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	206	51	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	206	52	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	206	53	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	206	54	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	206	55	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	206	56	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	57	nctvet	nctvet	PROPN
cice-11468	206	58	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	59	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	206	60	launched	launch	VERB
cice-11468	206	61	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	206	62	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
cice-11468	206	63	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	206	64	certification	certification	NOUN
cice-11468	206	65	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	206	66	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	206	67	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	206	68	the	the	DET
cice-11468	206	69	grade	grade	NOUN
cice-11468	206	70	six	six	NUM
cice-11468	206	71	achievement	achievement	NOUN
cice-11468	206	72	test	test	NOUN
cice-11468	206	73	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	74	gsat	gsat	PROPN
cice-11468	206	75	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	76	replaced	replace	VERB
cice-11468	206	77	the	the	DET
cice-11468	206	78	common	common	ADJ
cice-11468	206	79	entrance	entrance	NOUN
cice-11468	206	80	exam	exam	NOUN
cice-11468	206	81	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	82	instituted	institute	VERB
cice-11468	206	83	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	206	84	1958	1958	NUM
cice-11468	206	85	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	86	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	206	87	the	the	DET
cice-11468	206	88	criteria	criterion	NOUN
cice-11468	206	89	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	206	90	selection	selection	NOUN
cice-11468	206	91	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	206	92	placement	placement	NOUN
cice-11468	206	93	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	206	94	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	206	95	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	206	96	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	206	97	the	the	DET
cice-11468	206	98	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	206	99	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cice-11468	206	100	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	206	101	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	206	102	launched	launch	VERB
cice-11468	206	103	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	206	104	4	4	NUM
cice-11468	206	105	tests	test	NOUN
cice-11468	206	106	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	206	107	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	206	108	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	206	109	rose	rise	VERB
cice-11468	206	110	ii	ii	PROPN
cice-11468	206	111	project	project	NOUN
cice-11468	206	112	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	206	113	launched	launch	VERB
cice-11468	206	114	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	206	115	a	a	DET
cice-11468	206	116	follow	follow	NOUN
cice-11468	206	117	up	up	ADP
cice-11468	206	118	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	206	119	the	the	DET
cice-11468	206	120	rose	rose	NOUN
cice-11468	207	1	i	i	PRON
cice-11468	207	2	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	3	1993	1993	NUM
cice-11468	207	4	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	207	5	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	207	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	7	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	207	8	a	a	DET
cice-11468	207	9	strong	strong	ADJ
cice-11468	207	10	focus	focus	NOUN
cice-11468	207	11	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	207	12	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	207	13	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	207	14	numeracy	numeracy	NOUN
cice-11468	207	15	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	207	16	improving	improve	VERB
cice-11468	207	17	the	the	DET
cice-11468	207	18	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cice-11468	207	19	skills	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	207	20	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	207	21	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	207	22	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	207	23	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	207	24	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	207	25	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	26	a	a	DET
cice-11468	207	27	transformed	transform	VERB
cice-11468	207	28	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	207	29	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	207	30	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	31	a	a	DET
cice-11468	207	32	report	report	NOUN
cice-11468	207	33	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	207	34	the	the	DET
cice-11468	207	35	rae	rae	PROPN
cice-11468	207	36	davis	davis	PROPN
cice-11468	207	37	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	38	led	lead	VERB
cice-11468	207	39	task	task	NOUN
cice-11468	207	40	force	force	NOUN
cice-11468	207	41	reported	report	VERB
cice-11468	207	42	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	207	43	deficiencies	deficiency	NOUN
cice-11468	207	44	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	207	45	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	207	46	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	207	47	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	207	48	led	lead	VERB
cice-11468	207	49	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	207	50	the	the	DET
cice-11468	207	51	formation	formation	NOUN
cice-11468	207	52	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	207	53	the	the	DET
cice-11468	207	54	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	207	55	transformation	transformation	NOUN
cice-11468	207	56	team	team	NOUN
cice-11468	207	57	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	58	ett	ett	PROPN
cice-11468	207	59	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	60	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	207	61	movement	movement	NOUN
cice-11468	207	62	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	207	63	the	the	DET
cice-11468	207	64	advancement	advancement	NOUN
cice-11468	207	65	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	207	66	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	207	67	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	68	jamal	jamal	PROPN
cice-11468	207	69	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	70	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	207	71	transformed	transform	VERB
cice-11468	207	72	into	into	ADP
cice-11468	207	73	the	the	DET
cice-11468	207	74	jamaican	jamaican	ADJ
cice-11468	207	75	foundation	foundation	NOUN
cice-11468	207	76	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	207	77	lifelong	lifelong	ADJ
cice-11468	207	78	learning	learning	NOUN
cice-11468	207	79	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	207	80	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
cice-11468	207	81	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	207	82	providing	provide	VERB
cice-11468	207	83	non	non	ADJ
cice-11468	207	84	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	207	85	formal	formal	ADJ
cice-11468	207	86	adult	adult	NOUN
cice-11468	207	87	continuing	continue	VERB
cice-11468	207	88	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	207	89	cost	cost	NOUN
cice-11468	207	90	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	91	sharing	share	VERB
cice-11468	207	92	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	207	93	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	207	94	abandoned	abandon	VERB
cice-11468	207	95	the	the	DET
cice-11468	207	96	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	207	97	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	207	98	inspectorate	inspectorate	PROPN
cice-11468	207	99	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	100	nei	nei	NOUN
cice-11468	207	101	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	207	102	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	207	103	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	207	104	to	to	PART
cice-11468	207	105	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cice-11468	207	106	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	207	107	report	report	VERB
cice-11468	207	108	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	207	109	the	the	DET
cice-11468	207	110	standards	standard	NOUN
cice-11468	207	111	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	207	112	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	207	113	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	207	114	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	207	115	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	207	116	the	the	DET
cice-11468	207	117	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	207	118	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	207	119	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	207	120	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	207	121	table	table	NOUN
cice-11468	207	122	2a	2a	NUM
cice-11468	207	123	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	1	key	key	ADJ
cice-11468	208	2	events	event	NOUN
cice-11468	208	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	208	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	208	6	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	208	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	208	8	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	208	9	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	10	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	208	11	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	208	12	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	208	13	sources	source	NOUN
cice-11468	208	14	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	15	blank	blank	PROPN
cice-11468	208	16	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	208	17	mcardle	mcardle	PROPN
cice-11468	208	18	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	19	2003	2003	NUM
cice-11468	208	20	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	21	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	22	boon	boon	NOUN
cice-11468	208	23	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	208	24	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	208	25	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	26	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	208	27	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	28	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	29	kam	kam	PROPN
cice-11468	208	30	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	208	31	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	208	32	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	33	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	208	34	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	35	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	36	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	208	37	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	38	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	208	39	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	40	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	41	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	208	42	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	43	1997	1997	NUM
cice-11468	208	44	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	45	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	46	ministry	ministry	NOUN
cice-11468	208	47	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	208	48	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	208	49	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	50	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	208	51	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	52	1999a	1999a	NUM
cice-11468	208	53	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	54	199b	199b	PROPN
cice-11468	208	55	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	56	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	57	mourshed	mourshe	VERB
cice-11468	208	58	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	208	59	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	208	60	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	208	61	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	62	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	63	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	208	64	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	65	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	208	66	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	208	67	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	208	68	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	208	69	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	208	70	125	125	NUM
cice-11468	208	71	singapore	singapore	NOUN
cice-11468	208	72	1962	1962	NUM
cice-11468	208	73	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	74	70/30	70/30	NUM
cice-11468	208	75	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
cice-11468	208	76	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	208	77	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	208	78	implemented	implement	VERB
cice-11468	208	79	to	to	PART
cice-11468	208	80	provide	provide	VERB
cice-11468	208	81	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	208	82	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	208	83	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	208	84	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	208	85	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	208	86	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	87	poor	poor	ADJ
cice-11468	208	88	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	208	89	working	working	NOUN
cice-11468	208	90	class	class	NOUN
cice-11468	208	91	1966	1966	NUM
cice-11468	208	92	1968	1968	NUM
cice-11468	208	93	1973	1973	NUM
cice-11468	208	94	1978	1978	NUM
cice-11468	208	95	1979	1979	NUM
cice-11468	208	96	1980	1980	NUM
cice-11468	208	97	1981	1981	NUM
cice-11468	208	98	1983	1983	NUM
cice-11468	208	99	1987	1987	NUM
cice-11468	208	100	1990	1990	NUM
cice-11468	208	101	1991	1991	NUM
cice-11468	208	102	1992	1992	NUM
cice-11468	208	103	1994	1994	NUM
cice-11468	208	104	1997	1997	NUM
cice-11468	208	105	1998	1998	NUM
cice-11468	208	106	2005	2005	NUM
cice-11468	208	107	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
cice-11468	208	108	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	208	109	mandated	mandate	VERB
cice-11468	208	110	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	208	111	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	112	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	208	113	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	114	all	all	DET
cice-11468	208	115	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	208	116	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	208	117	required	require	VERB
cice-11468	208	118	to	to	PART
cice-11468	208	119	study	study	VERB
cice-11468	208	120	english	english	PROPN
cice-11468	208	121	as	as	ADV
cice-11468	208	122	well	well	ADV
cice-11468	208	123	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	208	124	a	a	DET
cice-11468	208	125	second	second	ADJ
cice-11468	208	126	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	208	127	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	208	128	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	129	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	208	130	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	208	131	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	208	132	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	208	133	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	134	technical	technical	PROPN
cice-11468	208	135	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	208	136	department	department	NOUN
cice-11468	208	137	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	208	138	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	208	139	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	208	140	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	141	ministry	ministry	PROPN
cice-11468	208	142	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	208	143	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	208	144	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	145	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	208	146	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	147	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	148	first	first	ADJ
cice-11468	208	149	industrial	industrial	ADJ
cice-11468	208	150	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	208	151	board	board	NOUN
cice-11468	208	152	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	153	itb	itb	NOUN
cice-11468	208	154	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	155	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	208	156	created	create	VERB
cice-11468	208	157	to	to	PART
cice-11468	208	158	centralize	centralize	VERB
cice-11468	208	159	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	208	160	coordinate	coordinate	VERB
cice-11468	208	161	industrial	industrial	ADJ
cice-11468	208	162	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	208	163	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	164	goh	goh	PROPN
cice-11468	208	165	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	208	166	led	lead	VERB
cice-11468	208	167	report	report	NOUN
cice-11468	208	168	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	208	169	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	170	ministry	ministry	PROPN
cice-11468	208	171	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	208	172	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	208	173	found	find	VERB
cice-11468	208	174	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	175	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
cice-11468	208	176	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	208	177	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ
cice-11468	208	178	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	208	179	proposed	propose	VERB
cice-11468	208	180	streaming	streaming	NOUN
cice-11468	208	181	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	208	182	based	base	VERB
cice-11468	208	183	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	208	184	academic	academic	ADJ
cice-11468	208	185	ability	ability	NOUN
cice-11468	208	186	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	208	187	the	the	DET
cice-11468	208	188	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	208	189	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	208	190	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	208	191	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	208	192	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	209	1	streaming	streaming	NOUN
cice-11468	209	2	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	209	3	introduced	introduce	VERB
cice-11468	209	4	shortly	shortly	ADV
cice-11468	209	5	thereafter	thereafter	ADV
cice-11468	209	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	209	7	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	209	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	209	9	industrial	industrial	ADJ
cice-11468	209	10	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	209	11	board	board	NOUN
cice-11468	209	12	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	209	13	vitb	vitb	NOUN
cice-11468	209	14	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	209	15	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	209	16	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	209	17	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	209	18	a	a	DET
cice-11468	209	19	merger	merger	NOUN
cice-11468	209	20	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	209	21	the	the	DET
cice-11468	209	22	itb	itb	NOUN
cice-11468	209	23	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	209	24	the	the	DET
cice-11468	209	25	adult	adult	NOUN
cice-11468	209	26	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	209	27	board	board	NOUN
cice-11468	209	28	the	the	DET
cice-11468	209	29	curriculum	curriculum	PROPN
cice-11468	209	30	development	development	PROPN
cice-11468	209	31	institute	institute	PROPN
cice-11468	209	32	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	209	33	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	209	34	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	209	35	formed	form	VERB
cice-11468	209	36	to	to	PART
cice-11468	209	37	produce	produce	VERB
cice-11468	209	38	teaching	teaching	NOUN
cice-11468	209	39	materials	material	NOUN
cice-11468	209	40	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	209	41	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	209	42	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	210	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	210	2	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	210	3	eventually	eventually	ADV
cice-11468	210	4	closed	close	VERB
cice-11468	210	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	210	6	1996	1996	NUM
cice-11468	210	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	210	8	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	210	9	council	council	PROPN
cice-11468	210	10	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	210	11	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	210	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	210	13	involved	involve	VERB
cice-11468	210	14	principals	principal	NOUN
cice-11468	210	15	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	210	16	the	the	DET
cice-11468	210	17	decision	decision	NOUN
cice-11468	210	18	making	make	VERB
cice-11468	210	19	process	process	NOUN
cice-11468	210	20	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	210	21	the	the	DET
cice-11468	210	22	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	210	23	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	211	2	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	211	3	viewed	view	VERB
cice-11468	211	4	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	211	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	211	6	initial	initial	ADJ
cice-11468	211	7	step	step	NOUN
cice-11468	211	8	towards	towards	ADP
cice-11468	211	9	greater	great	ADJ
cice-11468	211	10	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
cice-11468	211	11	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	211	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	211	13	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	211	14	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	211	15	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	211	16	mandated	mandate	VERB
cice-11468	211	17	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	211	18	starting	start	VERB
cice-11468	211	19	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	211	20	1987	1987	NUM
cice-11468	211	21	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	22	english	english	PROPN
cice-11468	211	23	would	would	AUX
cice-11468	211	24	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	211	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	211	26	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	211	27	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	211	28	instruction	instruction	NOUN
cice-11468	211	29	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	211	30	all	all	DET
cice-11468	211	31	subjects	subject	NOUN
cice-11468	211	32	towards	towards	ADP
cice-11468	211	33	excellence	excellence	NOUN
cice-11468	211	34	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	211	35	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	211	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	37	a	a	DET
cice-11468	211	38	report	report	NOUN
cice-11468	211	39	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	211	40	a	a	DET
cice-11468	211	41	groups	group	NOUN
cice-11468	211	42	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	211	43	principals	principal	NOUN
cice-11468	211	44	who	who	PRON
cice-11468	211	45	visited	visit	VERB
cice-11468	211	46	the	the	DET
cice-11468	211	47	united	united	PROPN
cice-11468	211	48	states	states	PROPN
cice-11468	211	49	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	211	50	united	united	PROPN
cice-11468	211	51	kingdom	kingdom	PROPN
cice-11468	211	52	leads	lead	VERB
cice-11468	211	53	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	211	54	the	the	DET
cice-11468	211	55	creation	creation	NOUN
cice-11468	211	56	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	211	57	independent	independent	ADJ
cice-11468	211	58	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	211	59	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	211	60	1988	1988	NUM
cice-11468	211	61	new	new	ADJ
cice-11468	211	62	apprentice	apprentice	NOUN
cice-11468	211	63	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	211	64	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	65	patterned	pattern	VERB
cice-11468	211	66	after	after	ADP
cice-11468	211	67	germany	germany	PROPN
cice-11468	211	68	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	211	69	dual	dual	ADJ
cice-11468	211	70	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	211	71	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	211	72	apprenticeship	apprenticeship	NOUN
cice-11468	211	73	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	74	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	211	75	introduced	introduce	VERB
cice-11468	211	76	the	the	DET
cice-11468	211	77	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	211	78	adopted	adopt	VERB
cice-11468	211	79	a	a	DET
cice-11468	211	80	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	211	81	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	211	82	a	a	DET
cice-11468	211	83	minimum	minimum	NOUN
cice-11468	211	84	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	211	85	10	10	NUM
cice-11468	211	86	years	year	NOUN
cice-11468	211	87	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	211	88	general	general	ADJ
cice-11468	211	89	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	211	90	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	211	91	all	all	DET
cice-11468	211	92	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	211	93	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	94	edusave	edusave	ADJ
cice-11468	211	95	scheme	scheme	NOUN
cice-11468	211	96	launched	launch	VERB
cice-11468	211	97	to	to	PART
cice-11468	211	98	provide	provide	VERB
cice-11468	211	99	grants	grant	NOUN
cice-11468	211	100	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	211	101	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	211	102	expenses	expense	NOUN
cice-11468	211	103	institute	institute	PROPN
cice-11468	211	104	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	211	105	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	211	106	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	211	107	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	108	ite	ite	PROPN
cice-11468	211	109	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	110	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	111	formerly	formerly	ADV
cice-11468	211	112	vitb	vitb	NOUN
cice-11468	211	113	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	114	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	211	115	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	211	116	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	211	117	a	a	DET
cice-11468	211	118	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	211	119	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	211	120	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	211	121	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	211	122	institution	institution	NOUN
cice-11468	211	123	to	to	PART
cice-11468	211	124	create	create	VERB
cice-11468	211	125	additional	additional	ADJ
cice-11468	211	126	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
cice-11468	211	127	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	211	128	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	211	129	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	211	130	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	211	131	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	211	132	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	133	the	the	DET
cice-11468	211	134	open	open	ADJ
cice-11468	211	135	university	university	NOUN
cice-11468	211	136	degree	degree	NOUN
cice-11468	211	137	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	211	138	formed	form	VERB
cice-11468	211	139	to	to	PART
cice-11468	211	140	help	help	VERB
cice-11468	211	141	working	work	VERB
cice-11468	211	142	adults	adult	NOUN
cice-11468	211	143	obtain	obtain	VERB
cice-11468	211	144	degress	degress	PROPN
cice-11468	211	145	autonomous	autonomous	PROPN
cice-11468	211	146	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	211	147	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	211	148	created	create	VERB
cice-11468	211	149	thinking	thinking	NOUN
cice-11468	211	150	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	211	151	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	152	learning	learn	VERB
cice-11468	211	153	nation	nation	NOUN
cice-11468	211	154	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	211	155	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	211	156	launched	launch	VERB
cice-11468	211	157	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	211	158	a	a	DET
cice-11468	211	159	focus	focus	NOUN
cice-11468	211	160	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	211	161	student	student	NOUN
cice-11468	211	162	ability	ability	NOUN
cice-11468	211	163	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	164	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	211	165	clusters	cluster	NOUN
cice-11468	211	166	were	be	AUX
cice-11468	211	167	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	211	168	to	to	PART
cice-11468	211	169	increase	increase	VERB
cice-11468	211	170	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
cice-11468	211	171	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	211	172	the	the	DET
cice-11468	211	173	local	local	ADJ
cice-11468	211	174	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	211	175	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	211	176	a	a	DET
cice-11468	211	177	pilot	pilot	NOUN
cice-11468	211	178	program	program	NOUN
cice-11468	211	179	involving	involve	VERB
cice-11468	211	180	59	59	NUM
cice-11468	211	181	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	211	182	teach	teach	VERB
cice-11468	211	183	less	less	ADJ
cice-11468	211	184	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	211	185	learn	learn	VERB
cice-11468	211	186	more	more	ADJ
cice-11468	211	187	initiative	initiative	NOUN
cice-11468	211	188	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	211	189	launched	launch	VERB
cice-11468	211	190	to	to	PART
cice-11468	211	191	give	give	VERB
cice-11468	211	192	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	211	193	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	211	194	teachers	teacher	NOUN
cice-11468	211	195	freedom	freedom	NOUN
cice-11468	211	196	to	to	PART
cice-11468	211	197	customize	customize	VERB
cice-11468	211	198	the	the	DET
cice-11468	211	199	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
cice-11468	211	200	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	211	201	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	211	202	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	211	203	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	211	204	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	211	205	table	table	NOUN
cice-11468	211	206	2b	2b	NOUN
cice-11468	211	207	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	212	1	key	key	ADJ
cice-11468	212	2	events	event	NOUN
cice-11468	212	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	212	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	212	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	212	6	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	212	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	212	8	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	212	9	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	212	10	1960	1960	NUM
cice-11468	212	11	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	212	12	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	212	13	126	126	NUM
cice-11468	212	14	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	212	15	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	212	16	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	212	17	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	212	18	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	212	19	welsh	welsh	NOUN
cice-11468	212	20	the	the	DET
cice-11468	212	21	importance	importance	NOUN
cice-11468	212	22	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	212	23	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	212	24	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	212	25	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	212	26	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	212	27	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	212	28	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	212	29	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	212	30	the	the	DET
cice-11468	212	31	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	212	32	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	212	33	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	212	34	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	212	35	another	another	DET
cice-11468	212	36	crucial	crucial	ADJ
cice-11468	212	37	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
cice-11468	212	38	factor	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	212	39	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	212	40	the	the	DET
cice-11468	212	41	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	212	42	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	212	43	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	212	44	the	the	DET
cice-11468	212	45	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	212	46	islands	island	NOUN
cice-11468	212	47	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	213	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	213	2	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	213	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	213	4	nature	nature	NOUN
cice-11468	213	5	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	213	6	investment	investment	NOUN
cice-11468	213	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	213	8	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	213	9	varied	varied	ADJ
cice-11468	213	10	significantly	significantly	ADV
cice-11468	213	11	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	213	12	both	both	DET
cice-11468	213	13	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	213	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	214	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	214	2	can	can	AUX
cice-11468	214	3	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	214	4	argued	argue	VERB
cice-11468	214	5	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	214	6	one	one	NUM
cice-11468	214	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	214	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	214	9	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	214	10	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cice-11468	214	11	both	both	DET
cice-11468	214	12	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	214	13	faced	face	VERB
cice-11468	214	14	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	214	15	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	214	16	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	214	17	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	214	18	combating	combat	VERB
cice-11468	214	19	the	the	DET
cice-11468	214	20	low	low	ADJ
cice-11468	214	21	status	status	NOUN
cice-11468	214	22	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	214	23	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	214	24	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	214	25	an	an	DET
cice-11468	214	26	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	214	27	pathway	pathway	NOUN
cice-11468	214	28	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	214	29	less	less	ADV
cice-11468	214	30	academically	academically	ADV
cice-11468	214	31	inclined	inclined	ADJ
cice-11468	214	32	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	214	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	215	1	before	before	ADP
cice-11468	215	2	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	215	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	215	4	1991	1991	NUM
cice-11468	215	5	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	215	6	mandated	mandate	VERB
cice-11468	215	7	10	10	NUM
cice-11468	215	8	years	year	NOUN
cice-11468	215	9	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	215	10	general	general	ADJ
cice-11468	215	11	academic	academic	ADJ
cice-11468	215	12	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	215	13	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	215	14	earlier	early	ADJ
cice-11468	215	15	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	215	16	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	215	17	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	215	18	streamed	stream	VERB
cice-11468	215	19	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	215	20	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	215	21	the	the	DET
cice-11468	215	22	basis	basis	NOUN
cice-11468	215	23	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	215	24	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
cice-11468	215	25	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	215	26	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	215	27	aldcroft	aldcroft	ADJ
cice-11468	215	28	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	215	29	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	215	30	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	215	31	kam	kam	PROPN
cice-11468	215	32	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	215	33	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	215	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	215	35	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	215	36	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	215	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	216	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	216	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	216	3	commonwealth	commonwealth	NOUN
cice-11468	216	4	caribbean	caribbean	PROPN
cice-11468	216	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	216	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	216	7	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	216	8	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	216	9	often	often	ADV
cice-11468	216	10	positioned	position	VERB
cice-11468	216	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	216	12	offered	offer	VERB
cice-11468	216	13	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	216	14	an	an	DET
cice-11468	216	15	alternative	alternative	ADJ
cice-11468	216	16	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	216	17	avenue	avenue	NOUN
cice-11468	216	18	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	216	19	low	low	ADJ
cice-11468	216	20	academic	academic	ADJ
cice-11468	216	21	performers	performer	NOUN
cice-11468	216	22	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	216	23	lewis	lewis	PROPN
cice-11468	216	24	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	216	25	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	216	26	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	216	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	217	1	a	a	DET
cice-11468	217	2	key	key	ADJ
cice-11468	217	3	difference	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	217	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	217	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	217	6	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	217	7	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	217	8	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	217	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	217	10	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	217	11	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	217	12	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	217	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	217	14	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cice-11468	217	15	placed	place	VERB
cice-11468	217	16	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	217	17	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	217	18	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	217	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	217	20	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	217	21	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	217	22	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	217	23	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	217	24	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	217	25	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	217	26	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	218	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	218	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
cice-11468	218	3	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	218	4	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	218	5	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	218	6	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	218	7	expanded	expand	VERB
cice-11468	218	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	218	9	improved	improve	VERB
cice-11468	218	10	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	218	11	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	218	12	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	218	13	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	218	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	218	15	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	218	16	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	218	17	limited	limit	VERB
cice-11468	218	18	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	218	19	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	218	20	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	218	21	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	218	22	secondary	secondary	ADJ
cice-11468	218	23	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	218	24	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	218	25	morris	morris	PROPN
cice-11468	218	26	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	218	27	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	218	28	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	218	29	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	219	1	vte	vte	PROPN
cice-11468	219	2	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	219	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	219	4	crucial	crucial	ADJ
cice-11468	219	5	element	element	NOUN
cice-11468	219	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	219	7	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	219	8	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	219	9	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	219	10	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	219	11	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	219	12	modernization	modernization	NOUN
cice-11468	219	13	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	220	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	220	2	singaporean	singaporean	ADJ
cice-11468	220	3	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	220	4	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	220	5	invested	invest	VERB
cice-11468	220	6	heavily	heavily	ADV
cice-11468	220	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	220	8	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	220	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	220	10	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	220	11	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	220	12	evolved	evolve	VERB
cice-11468	220	13	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	220	14	tandem	tandem	NOUN
cice-11468	220	15	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	220	16	a	a	DET
cice-11468	220	17	changing	change	VERB
cice-11468	220	18	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	220	19	landscape	landscape	NOUN
cice-11468	220	20	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	220	21	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	220	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	220	23	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	220	24	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	220	25	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	221	1	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	221	2	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	221	3	focused	focus	VERB
cice-11468	221	4	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	221	5	engineering	engineer	VERB
cice-11468	221	6	to	to	PART
cice-11468	221	7	meet	meet	VERB
cice-11468	221	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	221	9	needs	need	NOUN
cice-11468	221	10	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	221	11	industrialization	industrialization	NOUN
cice-11468	221	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	221	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	221	14	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	221	15	actively	actively	ADV
cice-11468	221	16	sought	seek	VERB
cice-11468	221	17	to	to	PART
cice-11468	221	18	increase	increase	VERB
cice-11468	221	19	the	the	DET
cice-11468	221	20	prestige	prestige	NOUN
cice-11468	221	21	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	221	22	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	221	23	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	221	24	tan	tan	PROPN
cice-11468	221	25	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	221	26	1998	1998	NUM
cice-11468	221	27	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	221	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	222	1	institutional	institutional	ADJ
cice-11468	222	2	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
cice-11468	222	3	emerged	emerge	VERB
cice-11468	222	4	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	222	5	linked	link	VERB
cice-11468	222	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	222	7	output	output	NOUN
cice-11468	222	8	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	222	9	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	222	10	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	222	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	222	12	skill	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	222	13	demands	demand	NOUN
cice-11468	222	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	222	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	222	16	present	present	ADJ
cice-11468	222	17	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	222	18	future	future	ADJ
cice-11468	222	19	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	222	20	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	222	21	ashton	ashton	PROPN
cice-11468	222	22	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	222	23	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	222	24	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	222	25	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	222	26	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	222	27	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	222	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	223	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	223	2	essence	essence	NOUN
cice-11468	223	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	223	4	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	223	5	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	223	6	vte	vte	PROPN
cice-11468	223	7	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	223	8	enhanced	enhance	VERB
cice-11468	223	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	223	10	ability	ability	NOUN
cice-11468	223	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	223	12	production	production	NOUN
cice-11468	223	13	to	to	PART
cice-11468	223	14	anticipate	anticipate	VERB
cice-11468	223	15	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	223	16	effectively	effectively	ADV
cice-11468	223	17	respond	respond	VERB
cice-11468	223	18	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	223	19	market	market	NOUN
cice-11468	223	20	changes	change	NOUN
cice-11468	223	21	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	224	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	224	2	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	224	3	overcame	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	224	4	parents	parent	NOUN
cice-11468	224	5	’	’	PART
cice-11468	224	6	resistance	resistance	NOUN
cice-11468	224	7	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	224	8	improving	improve	VERB
cice-11468	224	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	224	10	prestige	prestige	NOUN
cice-11468	224	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	224	12	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	224	13	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	224	14	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
cice-11468	224	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	224	16	gradual	gradual	ADJ
cice-11468	224	17	upgrading	upgrading	NOUN
cice-11468	224	18	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	224	19	skills	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	224	20	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	224	21	the	the	DET
cice-11468	224	22	labor	labor	NOUN
cice-11468	224	23	force	force	NOUN
cice-11468	224	24	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	224	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	224	26	demands	demand	NOUN
cice-11468	224	27	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	224	28	emerging	emerge	VERB
cice-11468	224	29	high	high	ADJ
cice-11468	224	30	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	224	31	value	value	NOUN
cice-11468	224	32	added	add	VERB
cice-11468	224	33	industries	industry	NOUN
cice-11468	224	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	224	35	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	224	36	contained	contain	VERB
cice-11468	224	37	the	the	DET
cice-11468	224	38	increasing	increase	VERB
cice-11468	224	39	demand	demand	NOUN
cice-11468	224	40	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	224	41	academic	academic	ADJ
cice-11468	224	42	rather	rather	ADV
cice-11468	224	43	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	224	44	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	224	45	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	224	46	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	224	47	ashton	ashton	PROPN
cice-11468	224	48	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	224	49	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	224	50	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	224	51	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	224	52	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	224	53	;	;	PUNCT
cice-11468	224	54	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	224	55	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	224	56	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	224	57	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	224	58	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	225	1	although	although	SCONJ
cice-11468	225	2	a	a	DET
cice-11468	225	3	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	225	4	college	college	NOUN
cice-11468	225	5	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	225	6	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	225	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	225	8	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	225	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	225	10	1958	1958	NUM
cice-11468	225	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	225	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	225	13	island	island	NOUN
cice-11468	225	14	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	225	15	six	six	NUM
cice-11468	225	16	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	225	17	high	high	ADJ
cice-11468	225	18	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	225	19	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	225	20	1978	1978	NUM
cice-11468	225	21	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	225	22	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	225	23	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	225	24	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	225	25	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	225	26	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	225	27	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	225	28	seems	seem	VERB
cice-11468	225	29	to	to	PART
cice-11468	225	30	have	have	AUX
cice-11468	225	31	been	be	AUX
cice-11468	225	32	less	less	ADJ
cice-11468	225	33	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cice-11468	225	34	placed	place	VERB
cice-11468	225	35	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	225	36	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	225	37	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	225	38	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	225	39	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	225	40	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	225	41	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	225	42	relative	relative	ADJ
cice-11468	225	43	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	225	44	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	225	45	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	225	46	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	226	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	226	2	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	226	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	226	4	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	226	5	can	can	AUX
cice-11468	226	6	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	226	7	argued	argue	VERB
cice-11468	226	8	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	226	9	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	226	10	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	226	11	viewed	view	VERB
cice-11468	226	12	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	226	13	a	a	DET
cice-11468	226	14	relatively	relatively	ADV
cice-11468	226	15	low	low	ADJ
cice-11468	226	16	priority	priority	NOUN
cice-11468	226	17	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	226	18	not	not	PART
cice-11468	226	19	pursued	pursue	VERB
cice-11468	226	20	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	226	21	as	as	ADV
cice-11468	226	22	much	much	ADJ
cice-11468	226	23	vigor	vigor	NOUN
cice-11468	226	24	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	226	25	innovation	innovation	NOUN
cice-11468	226	26	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	226	27	especially	especially	ADV
cice-11468	226	28	immediately	immediately	ADV
cice-11468	226	29	after	after	ADP
cice-11468	226	30	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	226	31	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	226	32	1962	1962	NUM
cice-11468	226	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	227	1	starting	start	VERB
cice-11468	227	2	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	227	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	227	4	1970s	1970	NOUN
cice-11468	227	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	227	6	there	there	PRON
cice-11468	227	7	was	be	VERB
cice-11468	227	8	a	a	DET
cice-11468	227	9	shift	shift	NOUN
cice-11468	227	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	227	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	227	12	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	227	13	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	227	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	227	15	an	an	DET
cice-11468	227	16	increased	increase	VERB
cice-11468	227	17	focus	focus	NOUN
cice-11468	227	18	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	227	19	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	227	20	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	227	21	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	227	22	evidenced	evidence	VERB
cice-11468	227	23	by	by	ADP
cice-11468	227	24	the	the	DET
cice-11468	227	25	establishment	establishment	NOUN
cice-11468	227	26	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	227	27	a	a	DET
cice-11468	227	28	network	network	NOUN
cice-11468	227	29	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	227	30	non	non	ADJ
cice-11468	227	31	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	227	32	formal	formal	ADJ
cice-11468	227	33	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	227	34	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	227	35	centers	center	NOUN
cice-11468	227	36	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	228	1	following	follow	VERB
cice-11468	228	2	a	a	DET
cice-11468	228	3	massive	massive	ADJ
cice-11468	228	4	reorganization	reorganization	NOUN
cice-11468	228	5	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	228	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	228	7	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	228	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	228	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	228	10	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	228	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	228	12	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	228	13	unit	unit	NOUN
cice-11468	228	14	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	228	15	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	228	16	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	228	17	1975	1975	NUM
cice-11468	228	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	228	19	nearly	nearly	ADV
cice-11468	228	20	a	a	PRON
cice-11468	228	21	decade	decade	NOUN
cice-11468	228	22	after	after	SCONJ
cice-11468	228	23	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	228	24	established	establish	VERB
cice-11468	228	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	228	26	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	228	27	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	228	28	department	department	NOUN
cice-11468	228	29	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	228	30	1968	1968	NUM
cice-11468	228	31	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	228	32	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	228	33	moe	moe	NOUN
cice-11468	228	34	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	229	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	229	2	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	229	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	229	4	approaches	approach	NOUN
cice-11468	229	5	to	to	AUX
cice-11468	229	6	vte	vte	VERB
cice-11468	229	7	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	229	8	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	229	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	229	10	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	229	11	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	229	12	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	229	13	partly	partly	ADV
cice-11468	229	14	attributed	attribute	VERB
cice-11468	229	15	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	229	16	vastly	vastly	ADV
cice-11468	229	17	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	229	18	historical	historical	ADJ
cice-11468	229	19	contexts	context	NOUN
cice-11468	229	20	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	229	21	how	how	SCONJ
cice-11468	229	22	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
cice-11468	229	23	view	view	VERB
cice-11468	229	24	the	the	DET
cice-11468	229	25	link	link	NOUN
cice-11468	229	26	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	229	27	changing	change	VERB
cice-11468	229	28	labor	labor	NOUN
cice-11468	229	29	market	market	NOUN
cice-11468	229	30	demands	demand	NOUN
cice-11468	229	31	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	229	32	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	229	33	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	229	34	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	230	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	230	2	types	type	NOUN
cice-11468	230	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	230	4	jobs	job	NOUN
cice-11468	230	5	available	available	ADJ
cice-11468	230	6	due	due	ADP
cice-11468	230	7	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	230	8	resource	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	230	9	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	230	10	may	may	AUX
cice-11468	230	11	also	also	ADV
cice-11468	230	12	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	230	13	accountable	accountable	ADJ
cice-11468	230	14	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	230	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	230	16	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	230	17	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	230	18	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	230	19	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	230	20	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	231	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	231	2	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	231	3	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	231	4	have	have	VERB
cice-11468	231	5	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	231	6	labor	labor	NOUN
cice-11468	231	7	market	market	NOUN
cice-11468	231	8	structures	structure	NOUN
cice-11468	231	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	231	10	singapore	singapore	NOUN
cice-11468	231	11	aimed	aim	VERB
cice-11468	231	12	to	to	PART
cice-11468	231	13	continue	continue	VERB
cice-11468	231	14	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	231	15	trading	trading	NOUN
cice-11468	231	16	advantage	advantage	NOUN
cice-11468	231	17	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	231	18	an	an	DET
cice-11468	231	19	entrepot	entrepot	NOUN
cice-11468	231	20	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	231	21	a	a	DET
cice-11468	231	22	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	231	23	labor	labor	NOUN
cice-11468	231	24	force	force	NOUN
cice-11468	231	25	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	231	26	thus	thus	ADV
cice-11468	231	27	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	231	28	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	231	29	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	231	30	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	231	31	to	to	PART
cice-11468	231	32	deliver	deliver	VERB
cice-11468	231	33	progressively	progressively	ADV
cice-11468	231	34	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	231	35	level	level	NOUN
cice-11468	231	36	skills	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	231	37	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	231	38	a	a	DET
cice-11468	231	39	limited	limited	ADJ
cice-11468	231	40	range	range	NOUN
cice-11468	231	41	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	231	42	industries	industry	NOUN
cice-11468	231	43	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	231	44	ashton	ashton	PROPN
cice-11468	231	45	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	231	46	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	231	47	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	231	48	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	231	49	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	231	50	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	231	51	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	232	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
cice-11468	232	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	232	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	232	4	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	232	5	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	232	6	discouraged	discourage	VERB
cice-11468	232	7	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	232	8	de	de	ADJ
cice-11468	232	9	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	232	10	prioritized	prioritize	VERB
cice-11468	232	11	investment	investment	NOUN
cice-11468	232	12	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	232	13	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	232	14	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	232	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	232	16	caribbean	caribbean	NOUN
cice-11468	232	17	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	232	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	232	19	basis	basis	NOUN
cice-11468	232	20	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	232	21	low	low	ADJ
cice-11468	232	22	returns	return	NOUN
cice-11468	232	23	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	232	24	lewis	lewis	PROPN
cice-11468	232	25	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	232	26	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	232	27	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	232	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	233	1	also	also	ADV
cice-11468	233	2	notable	notable	ADJ
cice-11468	233	3	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	233	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	233	5	fact	fact	NOUN
cice-11468	233	6	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	233	7	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	233	8	retained	retain	VERB
cice-11468	233	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	233	10	expanded	expand	VERB
cice-11468	233	11	polytechnics	polytechnic	NOUN
cice-11468	233	12	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	233	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	233	14	earlier	early	ADJ
cice-11468	233	15	british	british	ADJ
cice-11468	233	16	model	model	NOUN
cice-11468	233	17	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	233	18	other	other	ADJ
cice-11468	233	19	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	233	20	phased	phase	VERB
cice-11468	233	21	out	out	ADP
cice-11468	233	22	these	these	DET
cice-11468	233	23	career	career	NOUN
cice-11468	233	24	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	233	25	oriented	orient	VERB
cice-11468	233	26	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	233	27	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	233	28	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	233	29	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	233	30	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	233	31	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	233	32	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	234	1	linking	link	VERB
cice-11468	234	2	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	234	3	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	234	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	234	5	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	234	6	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	234	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	234	8	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	234	9	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	234	10	although	although	SCONJ
cice-11468	234	11	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	234	12	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	234	13	an	an	DET
cice-11468	234	14	essential	essential	ADJ
cice-11468	234	15	component	component	NOUN
cice-11468	234	16	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	234	17	aligning	align	VERB
cice-11468	234	18	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	234	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	234	20	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	234	21	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	234	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	234	23	a	a	DET
cice-11468	234	24	balanced	balanced	ADJ
cice-11468	234	25	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	234	26	forward	forward	ADV
cice-11468	234	27	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	234	28	looking	look	VERB
cice-11468	234	29	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	234	30	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	234	31	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	234	32	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	234	33	closely	closely	ADV
cice-11468	234	34	ties	tie	VERB
cice-11468	234	35	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	234	36	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	234	37	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	234	38	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	234	39	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	234	40	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	234	41	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	234	42	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	234	43	127	127	NUM
cice-11468	234	44	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	234	45	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	234	46	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	234	47	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	234	48	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	234	49	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	234	50	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	234	51	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	234	52	must	must	AUX
cice-11468	234	53	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	234	54	considered	consider	VERB
cice-11468	234	55	a	a	DET
cice-11468	234	56	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cice-11468	234	57	factor	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	234	58	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	234	59	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	234	60	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	234	61	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	234	62	the	the	DET
cice-11468	234	63	constraints	constraint	NOUN
cice-11468	234	64	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	234	65	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	234	66	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	235	1	effectively	effectively	ADV
cice-11468	235	2	linking	link	VERB
cice-11468	235	3	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	235	4	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	235	5	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	235	6	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	235	7	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	235	8	goes	go	VERB
cice-11468	235	9	beyond	beyond	ADP
cice-11468	235	10	an	an	DET
cice-11468	235	11	effective	effective	ADJ
cice-11468	235	12	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	235	13	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	235	14	into	into	ADP
cice-11468	235	15	forging	forge	VERB
cice-11468	235	16	a	a	DET
cice-11468	235	17	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	235	18	identity	identity	NOUN
cice-11468	235	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	235	20	purpose	purpose	NOUN
cice-11468	235	21	which	which	PRON
cice-11468	235	22	places	place	VERB
cice-11468	235	23	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	235	24	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	235	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	235	26	core	core	NOUN
cice-11468	235	27	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	235	28	the	the	DET
cice-11468	235	29	wealth	wealth	NOUN
cice-11468	235	30	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	235	31	the	the	DET
cice-11468	235	32	nation	nation	NOUN
cice-11468	235	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	236	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	236	2	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	236	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	236	4	pronounced	pronounced	ADJ
cice-11468	236	5	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cice-11468	236	6	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	236	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	236	8	central	central	ADJ
cice-11468	236	9	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	236	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	236	11	importance	importance	NOUN
cice-11468	236	12	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	236	13	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	236	14	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	236	15	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	236	16	identity	identity	NOUN
cice-11468	236	17	building	building	NOUN
cice-11468	236	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	236	19	social	social	ADJ
cice-11468	236	20	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
cice-11468	236	21	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	236	22	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	236	23	prosperity	prosperity	NOUN
cice-11468	236	24	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	237	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	237	2	this	this	DET
cice-11468	237	3	regard	regard	NOUN
cice-11468	237	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	237	5	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	237	6	seems	seem	VERB
cice-11468	237	7	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	237	8	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	237	9	did	do	VERB
cice-11468	237	10	a	a	DET
cice-11468	237	11	relatively	relatively	ADV
cice-11468	237	12	better	well	ADJ
cice-11468	237	13	job	job	NOUN
cice-11468	237	14	than	than	ADP
cice-11468	237	15	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	237	16	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	237	17	linking	link	VERB
cice-11468	237	18	increasing	increase	VERB
cice-11468	237	19	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	237	20	capital	capital	NOUN
cice-11468	237	21	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	237	22	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	237	23	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	237	24	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	237	25	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	237	26	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	237	27	formulating	formulate	VERB
cice-11468	237	28	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	237	29	implementing	implement	VERB
cice-11468	237	30	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	237	31	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	237	32	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	238	1	given	give	VERB
cice-11468	238	2	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	238	3	limited	limited	ADJ
cice-11468	238	4	natural	natural	ADJ
cice-11468	238	5	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	238	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	238	7	one	one	NUM
cice-11468	238	8	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	238	9	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	238	10	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	238	11	highest	high	ADJ
cice-11468	238	12	priorities	priority	NOUN
cice-11468	238	13	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	238	14	independence	independence	NOUN
cice-11468	238	15	has	have	AUX
cice-11468	238	16	been	be	AUX
cice-11468	238	17	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	238	18	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	238	19	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	238	20	capital	capital	NOUN
cice-11468	238	21	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	238	22	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	238	23	law	law	NOUN
cice-11468	238	24	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	238	25	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	238	26	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	238	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	239	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	239	2	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	239	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	239	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	239	5	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	239	6	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	239	7	used	use	VERB
cice-11468	239	8	to	to	PART
cice-11468	239	9	foster	foster	VERB
cice-11468	239	10	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	239	11	identity	identity	NOUN
cice-11468	239	12	before	before	ADP
cice-11468	239	13	ceding	cede	VERB
cice-11468	239	14	strategic	strategic	ADJ
cice-11468	239	15	importance	importance	NOUN
cice-11468	239	16	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	239	17	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	239	18	priorities	priority	NOUN
cice-11468	239	19	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	239	20	later	later	ADJ
cice-11468	239	21	decades	decade	NOUN
cice-11468	239	22	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	239	23	aldcroft	aldcroft	ADJ
cice-11468	239	24	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	239	25	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	239	26	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	239	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	240	1	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	240	2	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	240	3	plausible	plausible	ADJ
cice-11468	240	4	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	240	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	240	6	lack	lack	NOUN
cice-11468	240	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	240	8	natural	natural	ADJ
cice-11468	240	9	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	240	10	compared	compare	VERB
cice-11468	240	11	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	240	12	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	240	13	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	240	14	advantageous	advantageous	ADJ
cice-11468	240	15	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	240	16	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	240	17	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	240	18	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	240	19	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	240	20	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	241	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	241	2	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	241	3	experience	experience	NOUN
cice-11468	241	4	lends	lend	VERB
cice-11468	241	5	credence	credence	NOUN
cice-11468	241	6	to	to	PART
cice-11468	241	7	emergent	emergent	VERB
cice-11468	241	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cice-11468	241	9	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	241	10	a	a	DET
cice-11468	241	11	negative	negative	ADJ
cice-11468	241	12	association	association	NOUN
cice-11468	241	13	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	241	14	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	241	15	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	241	16	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	241	17	natural	natural	ADJ
cice-11468	241	18	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	241	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	241	20	supports	support	VERB
cice-11468	241	21	the	the	DET
cice-11468	241	22	notion	notion	NOUN
cice-11468	241	23	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	241	24	natural	natural	ADJ
cice-11468	241	25	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	241	26	prevent	prevent	VERB
cice-11468	241	27	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	241	28	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	241	29	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	241	30	developing	develop	VERB
cice-11468	241	31	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	241	32	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	241	33	collier	collier	NOUN
cice-11468	241	34	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	241	35	2007	2007	NUM
cice-11468	241	36	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	241	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	242	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	242	2	lack	lack	NOUN
cice-11468	242	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	242	4	natural	natural	ADJ
cice-11468	242	5	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	242	6	compelled	compel	VERB
cice-11468	242	7	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	242	8	to	to	PART
cice-11468	242	9	develop	develop	VERB
cice-11468	242	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	242	11	habits	habit	NOUN
cice-11468	242	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	242	13	culture	culture	NOUN
cice-11468	242	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	242	15	increasing	increase	VERB
cice-11468	242	16	people	people	NOUN
cice-11468	242	17	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	242	18	skills	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	242	19	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	243	1	a	a	DET
cice-11468	243	2	team	team	NOUN
cice-11468	243	3	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	243	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	243	5	organization	organization	NOUN
cice-11468	243	6	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	243	7	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	243	8	co	co	NOUN
cice-11468	243	9	-	-	NOUN
cice-11468	243	10	operation	operation	NOUN
cice-11468	243	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	243	12	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	243	13	found	find	VERB
cice-11468	243	14	a	a	DET
cice-11468	243	15	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	243	16	negative	negative	ADJ
cice-11468	243	17	relationship	relationship	NOUN
cice-11468	243	18	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	243	19	the	the	DET
cice-11468	243	20	money	money	NOUN
cice-11468	243	21	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	243	22	received	receive	VERB
cice-11468	243	23	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	243	24	natural	natural	ADJ
cice-11468	243	25	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	243	26	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	243	27	the	the	DET
cice-11468	243	28	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cice-11468	243	29	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	243	30	skills	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	243	31	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	243	32	their	their	PRON
cice-11468	243	33	high	high	ADJ
cice-11468	243	34	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	243	35	students	student	NOUN
cice-11468	243	36	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	243	37	freidman	freidman	NOUN
cice-11468	243	38	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	243	39	2012	2012	NUM
cice-11468	243	40	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	243	41	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	244	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	244	2	addition	addition	NOUN
cice-11468	244	3	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	244	4	extra	extra	ADJ
cice-11468	244	5	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cice-11468	244	6	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	244	7	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	244	8	capital	capital	NOUN
cice-11468	244	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	244	10	this	this	DET
cice-11468	244	11	paper	paper	NOUN
cice-11468	244	12	contends	contend	VERB
cice-11468	244	13	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	244	14	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	244	15	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	244	16	lack	lack	NOUN
cice-11468	244	17	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	244	18	natural	natural	ADJ
cice-11468	244	19	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	244	20	reduced	reduce	VERB
cice-11468	244	21	its	its	PRON
cice-11468	244	22	susceptibility	susceptibility	NOUN
cice-11468	244	23	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	244	24	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	244	25	shocks	shock	NOUN
cice-11468	244	26	as	as	SCONJ
cice-11468	244	27	the	the	DET
cice-11468	244	28	country	country	NOUN
cice-11468	244	29	was	be	AUX
cice-11468	244	30	not	not	PART
cice-11468	244	31	dependent	dependent	ADJ
cice-11468	244	32	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	244	33	the	the	DET
cice-11468	244	34	fluctuating	fluctuate	VERB
cice-11468	244	35	prices	price	NOUN
cice-11468	244	36	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	244	37	commodities	commodity	NOUN
cice-11468	244	38	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	244	39	the	the	DET
cice-11468	244	40	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	244	41	market	market	NOUN
cice-11468	244	42	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	245	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	245	2	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	245	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	245	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	245	5	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	245	6	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	245	7	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	245	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	245	9	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	245	10	support	support	VERB
cice-11468	245	11	the	the	DET
cice-11468	245	12	notion	notion	NOUN
cice-11468	245	13	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	245	14	societies	society	NOUN
cice-11468	245	15	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	245	16	natural	natural	ADJ
cice-11468	245	17	resource	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	245	18	endowments	endowment	NOUN
cice-11468	245	19	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	245	20	various	various	ADJ
cice-11468	245	21	reasons	reason	NOUN
cice-11468	245	22	encounter	encounter	VERB
cice-11468	245	23	greater	great	ADJ
cice-11468	245	24	problems	problem	NOUN
cice-11468	245	25	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	245	26	student	student	NOUN
cice-11468	245	27	achievement	achievement	NOUN
cice-11468	245	28	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cice-11468	245	29	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	246	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	246	2	placed	place	VERB
cice-11468	246	3	greater	great	ADJ
cice-11468	246	4	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cice-11468	246	5	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	246	6	manpower	manpower	NOUN
cice-11468	246	7	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	246	8	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	246	9	capital	capital	NOUN
cice-11468	246	10	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	246	11	a	a	DET
cice-11468	246	12	significant	significant	ADJ
cice-11468	246	13	resource	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	246	14	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	246	15	resulted	result	VERB
cice-11468	246	16	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	246	17	a	a	DET
cice-11468	246	18	strong	strong	ADJ
cice-11468	246	19	link	link	NOUN
cice-11468	246	20	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	246	21	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	246	22	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	246	23	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	246	24	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	246	25	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	247	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	247	2	constantly	constantly	ADV
cice-11468	247	3	invented	invent	VERB
cice-11468	247	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	247	5	pathways	pathway	NOUN
cice-11468	247	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	247	7	expanded	expand	VERB
cice-11468	247	8	curricular	curricular	ADJ
cice-11468	247	9	options	option	NOUN
cice-11468	247	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	247	11	catered	cater	VERB
cice-11468	247	12	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	247	13	different	different	ADJ
cice-11468	247	14	learning	learning	NOUN
cice-11468	247	15	experiences	experience	NOUN
cice-11468	247	16	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	247	17	considering	consider	VERB
cice-11468	247	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	247	19	labor	labor	NOUN
cice-11468	247	20	market	market	NOUN
cice-11468	247	21	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	247	22	productivity	productivity	NOUN
cice-11468	247	23	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	247	24	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	248	1	an	an	DET
cice-11468	248	2	early	early	ADJ
cice-11468	248	3	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cice-11468	248	4	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	248	5	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	248	6	capital	capital	NOUN
cice-11468	248	7	led	lead	VERB
cice-11468	248	8	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	248	9	a	a	DET
cice-11468	248	10	better	well	ADV
cice-11468	248	11	educated	educate	VERB
cice-11468	248	12	workforce	workforce	NOUN
cice-11468	248	13	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	248	14	enabled	enable	VERB
cice-11468	248	15	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	248	16	to	to	PART
cice-11468	248	17	capitalize	capitalize	VERB
cice-11468	248	18	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	248	19	the	the	DET
cice-11468	248	20	rise	rise	NOUN
cice-11468	248	21	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	248	22	service	service	NOUN
cice-11468	248	23	industries	industry	NOUN
cice-11468	248	24	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	248	25	an	an	DET
cice-11468	248	26	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
cice-11468	248	27	globalized	globalize	VERB
cice-11468	248	28	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	248	29	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	249	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cice-11468	249	2	this	this	DET
cice-11468	249	3	paper	paper	NOUN
cice-11468	249	4	identifies	identify	VERB
cice-11468	249	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	249	6	timing	timing	NOUN
cice-11468	249	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	249	8	reforms	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	249	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	249	10	the	the	DET
cice-11468	249	11	centrality	centrality	NOUN
cice-11468	249	12	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	249	13	vte	vte	NOUN
cice-11468	249	14	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	249	15	a	a	DET
cice-11468	249	16	strong	strong	ADJ
cice-11468	249	17	bond	bond	NOUN
cice-11468	249	18	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	249	19	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	249	20	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	249	21	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	249	22	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	249	23	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	249	24	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	249	25	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	249	26	salient	salient	ADJ
cice-11468	249	27	factors	factor	NOUN
cice-11468	249	28	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	249	29	the	the	DET
cice-11468	249	30	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	249	31	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	249	32	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	249	33	systems	system	NOUN
cice-11468	249	34	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	249	35	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	249	36	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	249	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	250	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	250	2	oriented	orient	VERB
cice-11468	250	3	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	250	4	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	250	5	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	250	6	changing	change	VERB
cice-11468	250	7	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	250	8	needs	need	NOUN
cice-11468	250	9	while	while	SCONJ
cice-11468	250	10	addressing	address	VERB
cice-11468	250	11	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	250	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cice-11468	250	13	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	251	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	251	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
cice-11468	251	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	251	4	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	251	5	made	make	VERB
cice-11468	251	6	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	251	7	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cice-11468	251	8	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	251	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	251	10	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	251	11	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	251	12	needs	need	NOUN
cice-11468	251	13	without	without	ADP
cice-11468	251	14	a	a	DET
cice-11468	251	15	parallel	parallel	ADJ
cice-11468	251	16	focus	focus	NOUN
cice-11468	251	17	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	251	18	aligning	align	VERB
cice-11468	251	19	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	251	20	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	251	21	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	251	22	the	the	DET
cice-11468	251	23	diversification	diversification	NOUN
cice-11468	251	24	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	251	25	the	the	DET
cice-11468	251	26	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	251	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	252	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	252	2	also	also	ADV
cice-11468	252	3	had	have	VERB
cice-11468	252	4	an	an	DET
cice-11468	252	5	earlier	early	ADJ
cice-11468	252	6	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cice-11468	252	7	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	252	8	both	both	CCONJ
cice-11468	252	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	252	10	access	access	NOUN
cice-11468	252	11	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	252	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	252	13	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	252	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	252	15	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	252	16	compared	compare	VERB
cice-11468	252	17	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	252	18	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	252	19	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	253	1	this	this	DET
cice-11468	253	2	paper	paper	NOUN
cice-11468	253	3	contends	contend	VERB
cice-11468	253	4	that	that	SCONJ
cice-11468	253	5	these	these	DET
cice-11468	253	6	differences	difference	NOUN
cice-11468	253	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	253	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	253	9	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	253	10	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	253	11	partly	partly	ADV
cice-11468	253	12	contribute	contribute	VERB
cice-11468	253	13	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	253	14	the	the	DET
cice-11468	253	15	disparity	disparity	NOUN
cice-11468	253	16	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	253	17	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	253	18	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
cice-11468	253	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	253	20	levels	level	NOUN
cice-11468	253	21	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	253	22	gdp	gdp	NOUN
cice-11468	253	23	per	per	ADP
cice-11468	253	24	capita	capita	NOUN
cice-11468	253	25	between	between	ADP
cice-11468	253	26	the	the	DET
cice-11468	253	27	two	two	NUM
cice-11468	253	28	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	253	29	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	253	30	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	253	31	the	the	DET
cice-11468	253	32	post	post	ADJ
cice-11468	253	33	-	-	ADJ
cice-11468	253	34	independence	independence	ADJ
cice-11468	253	35	period	period	NOUN
cice-11468	253	36	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	254	1	richard	richard	PROPN
cice-11468	254	2	o.	o.	PROPN
cice-11468	254	3	welsh	welsh	PROPN
cice-11468	254	4	is	be	AUX
cice-11468	254	5	a	a	DET
cice-11468	254	6	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
cice-11468	254	7	student	student	NOUN
cice-11468	254	8	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	254	9	university	university	PROPN
cice-11468	254	10	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	254	11	southern	southern	PROPN
cice-11468	254	12	california	california	PROPN
cice-11468	254	13	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	254	14	rossier	rossier	NOUN
cice-11468	254	15	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	254	16	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	254	17	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	254	18	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	255	1	his	his	PRON
cice-11468	255	2	research	research	NOUN
cice-11468	255	3	focuses	focus	VERB
cice-11468	255	4	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	255	5	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	255	6	governance	governance	NOUN
cice-11468	255	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	255	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
cice-11468	255	9	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	255	10	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	255	11	international	international	ADJ
cice-11468	255	12	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	255	13	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	255	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	256	1	email	email	NOUN
cice-11468	256	2	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	256	3	richarow@usc.edu	richarow@usc.edu	PROPN
cice-11468	256	4	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	257	1	128	128	NUM
cice-11468	257	2	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	257	3	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	257	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	257	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	257	6	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	257	7	welsh	welsh	NOUN
cice-11468	257	8	references	reference	NOUN
cice-11468	257	9	aghion	aghion	NOUN
cice-11468	257	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	257	11	p.	p.	PROPN
cice-11468	257	12	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	257	13	caroli	caroli	PROPN
cice-11468	257	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	257	15	e.	e.	PROPN
cice-11468	257	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	257	17	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	257	18	garcia	garcia	PROPN
cice-11468	257	19	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	257	20	penalosa	penalosa	PROPN
cice-11468	257	21	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	257	22	c.	c.	PROPN
cice-11468	257	23	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	257	24	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	257	25	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	257	26	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	258	1	inequality	inequality	NOUN
cice-11468	258	2	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	258	3	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	258	4	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	258	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	258	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	258	7	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cice-11468	258	8	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	258	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	258	10	new	new	ADJ
cice-11468	258	11	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	258	12	theories	theory	NOUN
cice-11468	258	13	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	259	1	journal	journal	NOUN
cice-11468	259	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	259	3	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	259	4	literature	literature	NOUN
cice-11468	259	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	259	6	xxxvii	xxxvii	PROPN
cice-11468	259	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	259	8	1615–1660	1615–1660	NUM
cice-11468	259	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	260	1	aldcroft	aldcroft	PROPN
cice-11468	260	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	260	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cice-11468	260	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	260	5	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	260	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	260	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	261	1	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	261	2	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	261	3	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	261	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	261	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	261	6	experience	experience	NOUN
cice-11468	261	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	261	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	261	9	four	four	NUM
cice-11468	261	10	little	little	ADJ
cice-11468	261	11	tigers	tiger	NOUN
cice-11468	261	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	262	2	latham	latham	PROPN
cice-11468	262	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	4	a.	a.	PROPN
cice-11468	262	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	6	kawakastu	kawakastu	PROPN
cice-11468	262	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	8	j.	j.	PROPN
cice-11468	262	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	10	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	262	11	heita	heita	PROPN
cice-11468	262	12	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	13	h.	h.	PROPN
cice-11468	262	14	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	15	eds	eds	PROPN
cice-11468	262	16	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	17	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	19	asia	asia	PROPN
cice-11468	262	20	pacific	pacific	PROPN
cice-11468	262	21	dynamism	dynamism	PROPN
cice-11468	262	22	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	23	1550	1550	NUM
cice-11468	262	24	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	262	25	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	262	26	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	27	pp	pp	ADJ
cice-11468	262	28	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	29	169	169	NUM
cice-11468	262	30	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	262	31	184	184	NUM
cice-11468	262	32	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	262	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	1	london	london	PROPN
cice-11468	263	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	3	uk	uk	PROPN
cice-11468	263	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	5	routledge	routledge	PROPN
cice-11468	263	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	7	ashton	ashton	PROPN
cice-11468	263	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	9	d.	d.	PROPN
cice-11468	263	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	11	green	green	PROPN
cice-11468	263	12	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	13	f.	f.	PROPN
cice-11468	263	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	15	sung	sung	PROPN
cice-11468	263	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	17	j.	j.	PROPN
cice-11468	263	18	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	19	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	263	20	james	james	PROPN
cice-11468	263	21	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	22	d.	d.	PROPN
cice-11468	263	23	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	24	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	263	25	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	263	26	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	264	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	264	2	evolution	evolution	NOUN
cice-11468	264	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	264	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	264	5	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	264	6	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	264	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	264	8	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	264	9	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	264	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	264	11	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
cice-11468	264	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	264	13	s.	s.	PROPN
cice-11468	264	14	korea	korea	PROPN
cice-11468	264	15	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	264	16	a	a	DET
cice-11468	264	17	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	264	18	model	model	NOUN
cice-11468	264	19	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	264	20	skill	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	264	21	formation	formation	NOUN
cice-11468	264	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	264	23	journal	journal	NOUN
cice-11468	264	24	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	264	25	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	264	26	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	264	27	work	work	NOUN
cice-11468	264	28	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	264	29	15(1	15(1	NUM
cice-11468	264	30	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	264	31	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	264	32	5–30	5–30	PROPN
cice-11468	264	33	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	265	1	bacchus	bacchus	PROPN
cice-11468	265	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	265	3	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	265	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	265	5	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	265	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	265	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	266	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	266	2	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	266	3	challenges	challenge	VERB
cice-11468	266	4	facing	face	VERB
cice-11468	266	5	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	266	6	nation	nation	NOUN
cice-11468	266	7	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	266	8	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	266	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	266	10	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
cice-11468	266	11	competitive	competitive	ADJ
cice-11468	266	12	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	266	13	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	266	14	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	266	15	the	the	DET
cice-11468	266	16	twenty	twenty	NUM
cice-11468	266	17	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	266	18	first	first	ADJ
cice-11468	266	19	century	century	NOUN
cice-11468	266	20	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	267	1	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	267	2	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	267	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	267	4	44(2	44(2	NOUN
cice-11468	267	5	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	267	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	267	7	127	127	NUM
cice-11468	267	8	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	267	9	145	145	NUM
cice-11468	267	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	268	1	barber	barber	NOUN
cice-11468	268	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	268	3	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	268	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	268	5	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	268	6	mourshed	mourshe	VERB
cice-11468	268	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	268	8	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	268	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	268	10	2007	2007	NUM
cice-11468	268	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	268	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	269	1	how	how	SCONJ
cice-11468	269	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	269	3	world	world	NOUN
cice-11468	269	4	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	269	5	best	well	ADV
cice-11468	269	6	performing	perform	VERB
cice-11468	269	7	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	269	8	systems	system	NOUN
cice-11468	269	9	come	come	VERB
cice-11468	269	10	out	out	ADP
cice-11468	269	11	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	269	12	top	top	ADJ
cice-11468	269	13	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	270	1	london	london	PROPN
cice-11468	270	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	270	3	uk	uk	PROPN
cice-11468	270	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	270	5	mckinsey	mckinsey	NOUN
cice-11468	270	6	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	270	7	company	company	PROPN
cice-11468	270	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	271	1	barro	barro	PROPN
cice-11468	271	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	271	3	r.	r.	PROPN
cice-11468	271	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	271	5	1991	1991	NUM
cice-11468	271	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	271	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	272	1	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	272	2	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	272	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	272	4	a	a	DET
cice-11468	272	5	cross	cross	NOUN
cice-11468	272	6	section	section	NOUN
cice-11468	272	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	272	8	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	272	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	273	1	quarterly	quarterly	ADJ
cice-11468	273	2	journal	journal	NOUN
cice-11468	273	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	273	4	economics	economic	NOUN
cice-11468	273	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	273	6	106(2	106(2	NUM
cice-11468	273	7	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	273	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	273	9	407	407	NUM
cice-11468	273	10	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	273	11	443	443	NUM
cice-11468	273	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	274	1	birdsall	birdsall	PROPN
cice-11468	274	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	274	3	n.	n.	NOUN
cice-11468	274	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	274	5	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	274	6	sabot	sabot	PROPN
cice-11468	274	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	274	8	r.	r.	PROPN
cice-11468	274	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	274	10	1995	1995	NUM
cice-11468	274	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	274	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	275	1	virtuous	virtuous	ADJ
cice-11468	275	2	cycles	cycle	NOUN
cice-11468	275	3	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	275	4	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	275	5	capital	capital	NOUN
cice-11468	275	6	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	275	7	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	275	8	equity	equity	NOUN
cice-11468	275	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	275	10	east	east	PROPN
cice-11468	275	11	asia	asia	PROPN
cice-11468	275	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	276	1	washington	washington	PROPN
cice-11468	276	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	276	3	dc	dc	PROPN
cice-11468	276	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	276	5	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	276	6	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	276	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	277	1	blank	blank	PROPN
cice-11468	277	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	277	3	l.	l.	PROPN
cice-11468	277	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	277	5	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	277	6	mcardle	mcardle	PROPN
cice-11468	277	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	277	8	t.	t.	PROPN
cice-11468	277	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	277	10	2003	2003	NUM
cice-11468	277	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	277	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	278	1	building	build	VERB
cice-11468	278	2	a	a	DET
cice-11468	278	3	lifelong	lifelong	ADJ
cice-11468	278	4	learning	learning	NOUN
cice-11468	278	5	strategy	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	278	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	278	7	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	278	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	279	1	washington	washington	PROPN
cice-11468	279	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	279	3	dc	dc	PROPN
cice-11468	279	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	279	5	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	279	6	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	279	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	280	1	boon	boon	PROPN
cice-11468	280	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	280	3	g.	g.	PROPN
cice-11468	280	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	280	5	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	280	6	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	280	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	280	8	s.	s.	PROPN
cice-11468	280	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	280	10	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	280	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	280	12	june	june	PROPN
cice-11468	280	13	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	280	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	281	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	281	2	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	281	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	281	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	281	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	281	6	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	281	7	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	281	8	1965	1965	NUM
cice-11468	281	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	282	1	background	background	NOUN
cice-11468	282	2	paper	paper	NOUN
cice-11468	282	3	prepared	prepare	VERB
cice-11468	282	4	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	282	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	282	6	asia	asia	PROPN
cice-11468	282	7	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	282	8	study	study	NOUN
cice-11468	282	9	tour	tour	NOUN
cice-11468	282	10	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	282	11	african	african	ADJ
cice-11468	282	12	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	282	13	makers	maker	NOUN
cice-11468	282	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	283	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	283	2	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	283	3	national	national	PROPN
cice-11468	283	4	institute	institute	PROPN
cice-11468	283	5	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	283	6	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	283	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	283	8	nanyang	nanyang	PROPN
cice-11468	283	9	technological	technological	ADJ
cice-11468	283	10	university	university	NOUN
cice-11468	283	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	284	1	bray	bray	PROPN
cice-11468	284	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	284	3	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	284	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	284	5	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	284	6	packer	packer	PROPN
cice-11468	284	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	284	8	s.	s.	PROPN
cice-11468	284	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	284	10	1993	1993	NUM
cice-11468	284	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	284	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	285	1	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	285	2	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	285	3	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	285	4	nations	nation	NOUN
cice-11468	285	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	285	6	concepts	concept	NOUN
cice-11468	285	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	285	8	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cice-11468	285	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	285	10	strategies	strategy	NOUN
cice-11468	285	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	286	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
cice-11468	286	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	286	3	uk	uk	PROPN
cice-11468	286	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	286	5	pergamon	pergamon	PROPN
cice-11468	286	6	press	press	PROPN
cice-11468	286	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	287	1	bryan	bryan	PROPN
cice-11468	287	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	287	3	b.	b.	PROPN
cice-11468	287	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	287	5	2004	2004	NUM
cice-11468	287	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	287	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	288	1	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	288	2	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	288	3	literacy	literacy	NOUN
cice-11468	288	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	288	5	a	a	DET
cice-11468	288	6	creole	creole	NOUN
cice-11468	288	7	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	288	8	speaking	speak	VERB
cice-11468	288	9	environment	environment	NOUN
cice-11468	288	10	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	288	11	a	a	DET
cice-11468	288	12	study	study	NOUN
cice-11468	288	13	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	288	14	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	288	15	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	288	16	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	288	17	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	288	18	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	289	1	language	language	NOUN
cice-11468	289	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	289	3	culture	culture	NOUN
cice-11468	289	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	289	5	curriculum	curriculum	PROPN
cice-11468	289	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	289	7	17(2	17(2	NUM
cice-11468	289	8	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	289	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	289	10	87–96	87–96	NUM
cice-11468	289	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	290	1	carnoy	carnoy	PROPN
cice-11468	290	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	290	3	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	290	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	290	5	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	290	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	290	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	291	1	globalisation	globalisation	NOUN
cice-11468	291	2	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	291	3	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	291	4	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	291	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	291	6	what	what	PRON
cice-11468	291	7	planners	planner	NOUN
cice-11468	291	8	need	need	VERB
cice-11468	291	9	to	to	PART
cice-11468	291	10	know	know	VERB
cice-11468	291	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	292	1	paris	paris	PROPN
cice-11468	292	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	292	3	france	france	PROPN
cice-11468	292	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	292	5	unesco	unesco	PROPN
cice-11468	292	6	/	/	SYM
cice-11468	292	7	iiep	iiep	PROPN
cice-11468	292	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	293	1	cia	cia	PROPN
cice-11468	293	2	factbook	factbook	PROPN
cice-11468	293	3	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	294	1	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	294	2	2012	2012	NUM
cice-11468	294	3	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	294	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	295	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
cice-11468	295	2	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	295	3	http://www.cia.gov/library	http://www.cia.gov/library	PROPN
cice-11468	295	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	296	1	coleman	coleman	PROPN
cice-11468	296	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	296	3	j.	j.	PROPN
cice-11468	296	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	296	5	1966	1966	NUM
cice-11468	296	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	296	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	297	1	equality	equality	NOUN
cice-11468	297	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	297	3	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	297	4	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
cice-11468	297	5	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	298	1	washington	washington	PROPN
cice-11468	298	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	298	3	dc	dc	PROPN
cice-11468	298	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	298	5	us	us	PROPN
cice-11468	298	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	299	1	dept	dept	PROPN
cice-11468	299	2	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	300	1	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	300	2	health	health	NOUN
cice-11468	300	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	300	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	300	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	300	6	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	300	7	welfare	welfare	NOUN
cice-11468	300	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	301	1	office	office	NOUN
cice-11468	301	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	301	3	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	301	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	302	1	collier	collier	NOUN
cice-11468	302	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	302	3	p.	p.	NOUN
cice-11468	302	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	302	5	2007	2007	NUM
cice-11468	302	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	302	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	303	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	303	2	bottom	bottom	ADJ
cice-11468	303	3	billion	billion	NUM
cice-11468	303	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	303	5	why	why	SCONJ
cice-11468	303	6	the	the	DET
cice-11468	303	7	poorest	poor	ADJ
cice-11468	303	8	countries	country	NOUN
cice-11468	303	9	are	be	AUX
cice-11468	303	10	failing	fail	VERB
cice-11468	303	11	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	303	12	what	what	PRON
cice-11468	303	13	can	can	AUX
cice-11468	303	14	be	be	AUX
cice-11468	303	15	done	do	VERB
cice-11468	303	16	about	about	ADP
cice-11468	303	17	it	it	PRON
cice-11468	303	18	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	304	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
cice-11468	304	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	304	3	uk	uk	PROPN
cice-11468	304	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	304	5	oxford	oxford	PROPN
cice-11468	304	6	university	university	PROPN
cice-11468	304	7	press	press	NOUN
cice-11468	304	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	305	1	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	305	2	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	305	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	305	4	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	305	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	305	6	129	129	NUM
cice-11468	305	7	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	305	8	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	305	9	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	305	10	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	305	11	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	305	12	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
cice-11468	305	13	secretariat	secretariat	PROPN
cice-11468	305	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	306	1	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	306	2	2009	2009	NUM
cice-11468	306	3	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	306	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	307	1	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	307	2	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	307	3	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	307	4	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	307	5	review	review	NOUN
cice-11468	307	6	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	307	7	basic	basic	ADJ
cice-11468	307	8	statistics	statistic	NOUN
cice-11468	307	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	307	10	vol	vol	NOUN
cice-11468	307	11	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	307	12	13	13	NUM
cice-11468	307	13	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	307	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	308	1	london	london	PROPN
cice-11468	308	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	308	3	uk	uk	PROPN
cice-11468	308	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	308	5	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
cice-11468	308	6	secretariat	secretariat	PROPN
cice-11468	308	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	309	1	crossley	crossley	PROPN
cice-11468	309	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	309	3	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	309	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	309	5	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	309	6	holmes	holmes	PROPN
cice-11468	309	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	309	8	k.	k.	PROPN
cice-11468	309	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	309	10	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	309	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	309	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	310	1	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	310	2	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	310	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	310	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	310	5	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	310	6	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	310	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	310	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	310	9	commonwealth	commonwealth	NOUN
cice-11468	310	10	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	310	11	retrospect	retrospect	ADJ
cice-11468	310	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	310	13	prospect	prospect	NOUN
cice-11468	310	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	311	1	london	london	PROPN
cice-11468	311	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	311	3	uk	uk	PROPN
cice-11468	311	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	311	5	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
cice-11468	311	6	secretariat	secretariat	PROPN
cice-11468	311	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	312	1	crossley	crossley	PROPN
cice-11468	312	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	312	3	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	312	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	312	5	bray	bray	NOUN
cice-11468	312	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	312	7	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	312	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	312	9	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	312	10	packer	packer	PROPN
cice-11468	312	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	312	12	s.	s.	PROPN
cice-11468	312	13	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	312	14	2011	2011	NUM
cice-11468	312	15	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	312	16	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	313	1	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	313	2	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	313	3	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	313	4	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	313	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	313	6	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	313	7	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	313	8	priorities	priority	NOUN
cice-11468	313	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	314	1	london	london	PROPN
cice-11468	314	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	314	3	uk	uk	PROPN
cice-11468	314	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	314	5	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
cice-11468	314	6	secretariat	secretariat	PROPN
cice-11468	314	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	315	1	cuban	cuban	PROPN
cice-11468	315	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	315	3	l.	l.	PROPN
cice-11468	315	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	315	5	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	315	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	315	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	316	1	reforming	reform	VERB
cice-11468	316	2	again	again	ADV
cice-11468	316	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	316	4	again	again	ADV
cice-11468	316	5	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	316	6	again	again	ADV
cice-11468	316	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	317	1	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	317	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
cice-11468	317	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	317	4	19(1	19(1	NUM
cice-11468	317	5	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	317	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	317	7	3–13	3–13	PROPN
cice-11468	317	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	317	9	evans	evans	PROPN
cice-11468	317	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	317	11	h.	h.	PROPN
cice-11468	317	12	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	317	13	2001	2001	NUM
cice-11468	317	14	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	317	15	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	318	1	inside	inside	ADP
cice-11468	318	2	jamaican	jamaican	ADJ
cice-11468	318	3	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	318	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	319	1	mona	mona	PROPN
cice-11468	319	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	319	3	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	319	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	319	5	university	university	NOUN
cice-11468	319	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	319	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	319	8	west	west	PROPN
cice-11468	319	9	indies	indies	PROPN
cice-11468	319	10	press	press	PROPN
cice-11468	319	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	320	1	friedman	friedman	PROPN
cice-11468	320	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	320	3	t.	t.	PROPN
cice-11468	320	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	320	5	2012	2012	NUM
cice-11468	320	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	320	7	march	march	PROPN
cice-11468	320	8	10	10	NUM
cice-11468	320	9	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	320	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	321	1	pass	pass	VERB
cice-11468	321	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	321	3	books	book	NOUN
cice-11468	321	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	322	1	hold	hold	VERB
cice-11468	322	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	322	3	oil	oil	NOUN
cice-11468	322	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	323	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	323	2	new	new	PROPN
cice-11468	323	3	york	york	PROPN
cice-11468	323	4	times	times	PROPN
cice-11468	323	5	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	323	6	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
cice-11468	323	7	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	323	8	http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/11/opinion/sunday/opinion/friedman-pass-the-bookshold-the-oil.html	http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/11/opinion/sunday/opinion/friedman-pass-the-bookshold-the-oil.html	NOUN
cice-11468	323	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	324	1	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	324	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	324	3	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	324	4	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	324	5	task	task	PROPN
cice-11468	324	6	force	force	NOUN
cice-11468	324	7	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	324	8	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	324	9	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	324	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	325	1	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	325	2	2004	2004	NUM
cice-11468	325	3	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	325	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	326	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	326	2	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	326	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	326	4	transformed	transform	VERB
cice-11468	326	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	326	6	system	system	NOUN
cice-11468	326	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	327	1	kingston	kingston	PROPN
cice-11468	327	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	327	3	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	327	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	327	5	government	government	NOUN
cice-11468	327	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	327	7	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	327	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	327	9	task	task	NOUN
cice-11468	327	10	force	force	NOUN
cice-11468	327	11	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	327	12	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	327	13	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	327	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	328	1	hanushek	hanushek	PROPN
cice-11468	328	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	328	3	e.	e.	PROPN
cice-11468	328	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	328	5	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	328	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	328	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	329	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	329	2	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	329	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	329	4	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
cice-11468	329	5	skills	skill	NOUN
cice-11468	329	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	329	7	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	329	8	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	329	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	330	1	journal	journal	PROPN
cice-11468	330	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	330	3	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	330	4	literature	literature	NOUN
cice-11468	330	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	330	6	46	46	NUM
cice-11468	330	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	330	8	607	607	NUM
cice-11468	330	9	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	330	10	668	668	NUM
cice-11468	330	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	331	1	hanushek	hanushek	PROPN
cice-11468	331	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	331	3	e.	e.	PROPN
cice-11468	331	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	331	5	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	331	6	woessmann	woessmann	PROPN
cice-11468	331	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	331	8	l.	l.	PROPN
cice-11468	331	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	331	10	2007	2007	NUM
cice-11468	331	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	331	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	332	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	332	2	role	role	NOUN
cice-11468	332	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	332	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	332	5	quality	quality	NOUN
cice-11468	332	6	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	332	7	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	332	8	growth	growth	NOUN
cice-11468	332	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	333	1	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	333	2	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	333	3	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	333	4	research	research	NOUN
cice-11468	333	5	working	working	NOUN
cice-11468	333	6	paper	paper	NOUN
cice-11468	333	7	no	no	INTJ
cice-11468	333	8	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	333	9	4122	4122	NUM
cice-11468	333	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	334	1	washington	washington	PROPN
cice-11468	334	2	dc	dc	PROPN
cice-11468	334	3	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	334	4	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	334	5	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	334	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	335	1	heston	heston	PROPN
cice-11468	335	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	335	3	a.	a.	PROPN
cice-11468	335	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	335	5	summers	summer	NOUN
cice-11468	335	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	335	7	r.	r.	PROPN
cice-11468	335	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	335	9	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	335	10	aten	aten	PROPN
cice-11468	335	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	335	12	b.	b.	PROPN
cice-11468	335	13	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	335	14	2012	2012	NUM
cice-11468	335	15	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	335	16	july	july	PROPN
cice-11468	335	17	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	335	18	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	336	1	penn	penn	PROPN
cice-11468	336	2	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	336	3	table	table	PROPN
cice-11468	336	4	version	version	NOUN
cice-11468	336	5	7.1	7.1	NUM
cice-11468	336	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	336	7	center	center	NOUN
cice-11468	336	8	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	336	9	international	international	ADJ
cice-11468	336	10	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
cice-11468	336	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	336	12	production	production	NOUN
cice-11468	336	13	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	336	14	income	income	NOUN
cice-11468	336	15	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	336	16	prices	price	NOUN
cice-11468	336	17	at	at	ADP
cice-11468	336	18	the	the	DET
cice-11468	336	19	university	university	PROPN
cice-11468	336	20	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	336	21	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
cice-11468	336	22	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	337	1	kam	kam	PROPN
cice-11468	337	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	337	3	h.	h.	PROPN
cice-11468	337	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	337	5	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	337	6	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
cice-11468	337	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	337	8	s.	s.	PROPN
cice-11468	337	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	337	10	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	337	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	337	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	338	1	recent	recent	ADJ
cice-11468	338	2	developments	development	NOUN
cice-11468	338	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	338	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	338	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	338	6	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	338	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	339	1	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	339	2	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cice-11468	339	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	339	4	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	339	5	improvement	improvement	NOUN
cice-11468	339	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	339	7	10(1	10(1	NUM
cice-11468	339	8	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	339	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	339	10	99	99	NUM
cice-11468	339	11	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	339	12	117	117	NUM
cice-11468	339	13	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	340	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	340	2	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	341	1	ministry	ministry	PROPN
cice-11468	341	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	341	3	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	341	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	341	5	culture	culture	NOUN
cice-11468	341	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	342	1	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	342	2	1999a	1999a	NUM
cice-11468	342	3	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	342	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	343	1	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	343	2	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	343	3	all	all	DET
cice-11468	343	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	343	5	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	343	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cice-11468	343	7	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	343	8	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	343	9	country	country	PROPN
cice-11468	343	10	report	report	PROPN
cice-11468	343	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	344	1	kingston	kingston	PROPN
cice-11468	344	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	344	3	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	344	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	344	5	ministry	ministry	PROPN
cice-11468	344	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	344	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	344	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	344	9	culture	culture	NOUN
cice-11468	344	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	345	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	345	2	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	346	1	ministry	ministry	PROPN
cice-11468	346	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	346	3	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	346	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	346	5	culture	culture	NOUN
cice-11468	346	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	347	1	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	347	2	1999b	1999b	NUM
cice-11468	347	3	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	347	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	348	1	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	348	2	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	348	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	348	4	way	way	NOUN
cice-11468	348	5	upward	upward	ADV
cice-11468	348	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	349	1	a	a	DET
cice-11468	349	2	green	green	ADJ
cice-11468	349	3	paper	paper	NOUN
cice-11468	349	4	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	349	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	349	6	year	year	NOUN
cice-11468	349	7	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	349	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	350	1	kingston	kingston	PROPN
cice-11468	350	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	350	3	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	350	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	350	5	ministry	ministry	PROPN
cice-11468	350	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	350	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	350	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	350	9	culture	culture	NOUN
cice-11468	350	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	351	1	jules	jules	PROPN
cice-11468	351	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	351	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cice-11468	351	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	351	5	2006	2006	NUM
cice-11468	351	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	351	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	352	1	power	power	NOUN
cice-11468	352	2	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	352	3	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	352	4	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	352	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	352	6	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	352	7	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	352	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	352	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	352	10	labors	labor	NOUN
cice-11468	352	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	352	12	sisyphus	sisyphus	NOUN
cice-11468	352	13	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	353	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	353	2	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	353	3	o.	o.	PROPN
cice-11468	353	4	afolayan	afolayan	PROPN
cice-11468	353	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	353	6	d.	d.	PROPN
cice-11468	353	7	browne	browne	PROPN
cice-11468	353	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	353	9	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	353	10	d.	d.	PROPN
cice-11468	353	11	jules	jules	PROPN
cice-11468	353	12	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	353	13	eds	ed	NOUN
cice-11468	353	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	353	15	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	353	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	353	17	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	353	18	discourse	discourse	NOUN
cice-11468	353	19	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	353	20	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	353	21	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	353	22	developing	develop	VERB
cice-11468	353	23	nations	nation	NOUN
cice-11468	353	24	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	353	25	essays	essay	NOUN
cice-11468	353	26	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	353	27	honor	honor	NOUN
cice-11468	353	28	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	353	29	b.	b.	PROPN
cice-11468	353	30	robert	robert	PROPN
cice-11468	353	31	tanachnick	tanachnick	PROPN
cice-11468	353	32	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	353	33	robert	robert	PROPN
cice-11468	353	34	koehl	koehl	PROPN
cice-11468	353	35	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	353	36	pp	pp	ADJ
cice-11468	353	37	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	353	38	17–29	17–29	NUM
cice-11468	353	39	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	353	40	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	354	1	new	new	PROPN
cice-11468	354	2	york	york	PROPN
cice-11468	354	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	354	4	ny	ny	PROPN
cice-11468	354	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	354	6	nova	nova	PROPN
cice-11468	354	7	science	science	NOUN
cice-11468	354	8	publishers	publisher	NOUN
cice-11468	354	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	355	1	jules	jules	PROPN
cice-11468	355	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	355	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cice-11468	355	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	355	5	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	355	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	355	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	356	1	rethinking	rethink	VERB
cice-11468	356	2	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	356	3	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	356	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	356	5	caribbean	caribbean	ADJ
cice-11468	356	6	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	356	7	a	a	DET
cice-11468	356	8	radical	radical	ADJ
cice-11468	356	9	approach	approach	NOUN
cice-11468	356	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	357	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	357	2	p.	p.	PROPN
cice-11468	357	3	mayo	mayo	NOUN
cice-11468	357	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	357	5	ed	ed	NOUN
cice-11468	357	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	357	7	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	357	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	357	9	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	357	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	357	11	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	357	12	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	357	13	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	357	14	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	357	15	imperatives	imperative	NOUN
cice-11468	357	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	357	17	regional	regional	ADJ
cice-11468	357	18	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
cice-11468	357	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	357	20	local	local	ADJ
cice-11468	357	21	dilemmas	dilemma	NOUN
cice-11468	357	22	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	357	23	pp	pp	ADJ
cice-11468	357	24	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	357	25	79–90	79–90	NUM
cice-11468	357	26	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	357	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	358	1	new	new	PROPN
cice-11468	358	2	york	york	PROPN
cice-11468	358	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	358	4	ny	ny	PROPN
cice-11468	358	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	358	6	routledge	routledge	PROPN
cice-11468	358	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	359	1	law	law	PROPN
cice-11468	359	2	s.	s.	PROPN
cice-11468	359	3	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	359	4	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	359	5	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	359	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	360	1	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	360	2	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	360	3	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	360	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	360	5	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	360	6	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	360	7	–	–	PUNCT
cice-11468	360	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	360	9	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	360	10	130	130	NUM
cice-11468	360	11	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	360	12	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	360	13	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	360	14	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	360	15	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	360	16	welsh	welsh	NOUN
cice-11468	360	17	experience	experience	NOUN
cice-11468	360	18	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	361	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	361	2	towards	towards	ADP
cice-11468	361	3	a	a	DET
cice-11468	361	4	better	well	ADJ
cice-11468	361	5	future	future	NOUN
cice-11468	361	6	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	361	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	361	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	361	9	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	361	10	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	361	11	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	361	12	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	361	13	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	361	14	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	361	15	since	since	SCONJ
cice-11468	361	16	1965	1965	NUM
cice-11468	361	17	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	361	18	pp	pp	ADJ
cice-11468	361	19	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	361	20	114	114	NUM
cice-11468	361	21	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	361	22	134	134	NUM
cice-11468	361	23	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	361	24	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	362	1	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	362	2	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	362	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	362	4	national	national	PROPN
cice-11468	362	5	institute	institute	PROPN
cice-11468	362	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	362	7	education	education	PROPN
cice-11468	362	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	362	9	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	362	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	363	1	law	law	PROPN
cice-11468	363	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	363	3	s.	s.	PROPN
cice-11468	363	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	363	5	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	363	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	363	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	364	1	case	case	NOUN
cice-11468	364	2	study	study	NOUN
cice-11468	364	3	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	364	4	“	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	364	5	national	national	ADJ
cice-11468	364	6	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	364	7	linking	link	VERB
cice-11468	364	8	tvet	tvet	NOUN
cice-11468	364	9	with	with	ADP
cice-11468	364	10	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	364	11	expansion	expansion	NOUN
cice-11468	364	12	”	"	PUNCT
cice-11468	364	13	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	364	14	lessons	lesson	NOUN
cice-11468	364	15	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	364	16	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	364	17	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	365	1	paper	paper	NOUN
cice-11468	365	2	commissioned	commission	VERB
cice-11468	365	3	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	365	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	365	5	efa	efa	PROPN
cice-11468	365	6	global	global	PROPN
cice-11468	365	7	monitoring	monitoring	PROPN
cice-11468	365	8	report	report	PROPN
cice-11468	365	9	2012	2012	NUM
cice-11468	365	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	366	1	lewis	lewis	PROPN
cice-11468	366	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	366	3	t.	t.	PROPN
cice-11468	366	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	366	5	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	366	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	366	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	367	1	reconceptualizing	reconceptualize	VERB
cice-11468	367	2	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	367	3	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	367	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	367	5	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	367	6	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	367	7	vet	vet	NOUN
cice-11468	367	8	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	367	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	367	10	caribbean	caribbean	ADJ
cice-11468	367	11	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	367	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	368	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	368	2	l.	l.	PROPN
cice-11468	368	3	quamina	quamina	PROPN
cice-11468	368	4	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	368	5	aiyejina	aiyejina	PROPN
cice-11468	368	6	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	368	7	ed	ed	NOUN
cice-11468	368	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	368	9	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	368	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	368	11	reconceptualising	reconceptualise	VERB
cice-11468	368	12	the	the	DET
cice-11468	368	13	agenda	agenda	NOUN
cice-11468	368	14	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	368	15	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	368	16	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	368	17	the	the	DET
cice-11468	368	18	caribbean	caribbean	ADJ
cice-11468	368	19	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	368	20	pp	pp	ADJ
cice-11468	368	21	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	368	22	477–488	477–488	NUM
cice-11468	368	23	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	368	24	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	369	1	st.augustine	st.augustine	PROPN
cice-11468	369	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	369	3	trinidad	trinidad	PROPN
cice-11468	369	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	369	5	tobago	tobago	PROPN
cice-11468	369	6	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	369	7	university	university	NOUN
cice-11468	369	8	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	369	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	369	10	west	west	PROPN
cice-11468	369	11	indies	indies	PROPN
cice-11468	369	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	370	1	mayo	mayo	PROPN
cice-11468	370	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	370	3	p.	p.	NOUN
cice-11468	370	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	370	5	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	370	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	370	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	371	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cice-11468	371	2	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	371	3	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	371	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	371	5	international	international	ADJ
cice-11468	371	6	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
cice-11468	371	7	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	371	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	371	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	371	10	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	371	11	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	371	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	372	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	372	2	p.	p.	PROPN
cice-11468	372	3	mayo	mayo	NOUN
cice-11468	372	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	372	5	ed	ed	NOUN
cice-11468	372	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	372	7	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	372	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	372	9	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	372	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	372	11	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	372	12	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	372	13	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	372	14	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	372	15	imperatives	imperative	NOUN
cice-11468	372	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	372	17	regional	regional	ADJ
cice-11468	372	18	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
cice-11468	372	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	372	20	local	local	ADJ
cice-11468	372	21	dilemmas	dilemma	NOUN
cice-11468	372	22	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	372	23	pp	pp	ADJ
cice-11468	372	24	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	372	25	1–4	1–4	NUM
cice-11468	372	26	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	372	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	373	1	new	new	PROPN
cice-11468	373	2	york	york	PROPN
cice-11468	373	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	373	4	ny	ny	PROPN
cice-11468	373	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	373	6	routledge	routledge	PROPN
cice-11468	373	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	374	1	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	374	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	374	3	e.	e.	PROPN
cice-11468	374	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	374	5	1990	1990	NUM
cice-11468	374	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	374	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	375	1	jamaican	jamaican	ADJ
cice-11468	375	2	society	society	NOUN
cice-11468	375	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	375	4	high	high	ADJ
cice-11468	375	5	schooling	schooling	NOUN
cice-11468	375	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	376	1	kingston	kingston	PROPN
cice-11468	376	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	376	3	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	376	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	376	5	institute	institute	NOUN
cice-11468	376	6	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	376	7	social	social	ADJ
cice-11468	376	8	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	376	9	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	376	10	research	research	NOUN
cice-11468	376	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	377	1	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	377	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	377	3	e.	e.	PROPN
cice-11468	377	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	377	5	1997	1997	NUM
cice-11468	377	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	377	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	378	1	jamaican	jamaican	ADJ
cice-11468	378	2	primary	primary	ADJ
cice-11468	378	3	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	378	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	378	5	a	a	DET
cice-11468	378	6	review	review	NOUN
cice-11468	378	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	378	8	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	378	9	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cice-11468	378	10	studies	study	NOUN
cice-11468	378	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	379	1	kingston	kingston	PROPN
cice-11468	379	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	379	3	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	379	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	379	5	green	green	PROPN
cice-11468	379	6	lizard	lizard	PROPN
cice-11468	379	7	press	press	NOUN
cice-11468	379	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	380	1	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	380	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	380	3	e.	e.	PROPN
cice-11468	380	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	380	5	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	380	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	380	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	381	1	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	381	2	reform	reform	NOUN
cice-11468	381	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	381	4	the	the	DET
cice-11468	381	5	commonwealth	commonwealth	NOUN
cice-11468	381	6	caribbean	caribbean	PROPN
cice-11468	381	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	382	1	washington	washington	PROPN
cice-11468	382	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	382	3	dc	dc	PROPN
cice-11468	382	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	382	5	interamer	interamer	VERB
cice-11468	382	6	no	no	NOUN
cice-11468	382	7	.	.	PROPN
cice-11468	383	1	54	54	NUM
cice-11468	383	2	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	383	3	organisation	organisation	NOUN
cice-11468	383	4	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	383	5	american	american	ADJ
cice-11468	383	6	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	383	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	384	1	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	384	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	384	3	e.	e.	PROPN
cice-11468	384	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	384	5	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	384	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	384	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	385	1	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	385	2	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	385	3	all	all	PRON
cice-11468	385	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	385	5	the	the	DET
cice-11468	385	6	caribbean	caribbean	NOUN
cice-11468	385	7	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	385	8	the	the	DET
cice-11468	385	9	1900s	1900	NOUN
cice-11468	385	10	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	385	11	retrospect	retrospect	ADJ
cice-11468	385	12	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	385	13	prospect	prospect	NOUN
cice-11468	385	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	386	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
cice-11468	386	2	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	386	3	http://www.unesco.org/carneid/monograph.pdf	http://www.unesco.org/carneid/monograph.pdf	PROPN
cice-11468	386	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	387	1	miller	miller	PROPN
cice-11468	387	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	387	3	e.	e.	PROPN
cice-11468	387	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	387	5	1992	1992	NUM
cice-11468	387	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	387	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	388	1	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	388	2	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	388	3	all	all	DET
cice-11468	388	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	388	5	caribbean	caribbean	ADJ
cice-11468	388	6	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
cice-11468	388	7	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	388	8	imperatives	imperative	NOUN
cice-11468	388	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	389	1	washington	washington	PROPN
cice-11468	389	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	389	3	dc	dc	PROPN
cice-11468	389	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	389	5	interamerican	interamerican	PROPN
cice-11468	389	6	development	development	PROPN
cice-11468	389	7	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	389	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	390	1	morris	morris	PROPN
cice-11468	390	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	390	3	h.	h.	PROPN
cice-11468	390	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	390	5	2008	2008	NUM
cice-11468	390	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	390	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	391	1	graduate	graduate	NOUN
cice-11468	391	2	studies	study	NOUN
cice-11468	391	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	391	4	technical	technical	ADJ
cice-11468	391	5	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	391	6	vocational	vocational	ADJ
cice-11468	391	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	391	8	training	training	NOUN
cice-11468	391	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	391	10	tvet	tvet	NOUN
cice-11468	391	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	391	12	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	391	13	the	the	DET
cice-11468	391	14	caribbean	caribbean	NOUN
cice-11468	391	15	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	391	16	whose	whose	DET
cice-11468	391	17	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
cice-11468	391	18	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	392	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	392	2	l.	l.	PROPN
cice-11468	392	3	quamina	quamina	PROPN
cice-11468	392	4	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	392	5	aiyejina	aiyejina	PROPN
cice-11468	392	6	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	392	7	ed	ed	NOUN
cice-11468	392	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	392	9	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	392	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	393	1	reconceptualising	reconceptualise	VERB
cice-11468	393	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	393	3	agenda	agenda	NOUN
cice-11468	393	4	for	for	ADP
cice-11468	393	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	393	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	393	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	393	8	caribbean	caribbean	ADJ
cice-11468	393	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	393	10	pp	pp	ADJ
cice-11468	393	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	394	1	489–498	489–498	NUM
cice-11468	394	2	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	394	3	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	395	1	st.augustine	st.augustine	PROPN
cice-11468	395	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	395	3	trinidad	trinidad	PROPN
cice-11468	395	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	395	5	tobago	tobago	PROPN
cice-11468	395	6	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	395	7	university	university	NOUN
cice-11468	395	8	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	395	9	the	the	DET
cice-11468	395	10	west	west	PROPN
cice-11468	395	11	indies	indies	PROPN
cice-11468	395	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	396	1	mourshed	mourshe	VERB
cice-11468	396	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	396	3	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	396	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	396	5	chijioke	chijioke	NOUN
cice-11468	396	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	396	7	c.	c.	PROPN
cice-11468	396	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	396	9	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	396	10	barber	barber	PROPN
cice-11468	396	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	396	12	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	396	13	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	396	14	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	396	15	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	396	16	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	397	1	how	how	SCONJ
cice-11468	397	2	the	the	DET
cice-11468	397	3	world	world	NOUN
cice-11468	397	4	’s	’s	PART
cice-11468	397	5	most	most	ADV
cice-11468	397	6	improved	improve	VERB
cice-11468	397	7	school	school	NOUN
cice-11468	397	8	systems	system	NOUN
cice-11468	397	9	keep	keep	VERB
cice-11468	397	10	getting	get	VERB
cice-11468	397	11	better	well	ADJ
cice-11468	397	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	398	1	london	london	PROPN
cice-11468	398	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	398	3	uk	uk	PROPN
cice-11468	398	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	398	5	mckinsey	mckinsey	NOUN
cice-11468	398	6	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	398	7	company	company	PROPN
cice-11468	398	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	399	1	murnane	murnane	PROPN
cice-11468	399	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	399	3	r.	r.	PROPN
cice-11468	399	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	399	5	et	et	PROPN
cice-11468	399	6	al	al	PROPN
cice-11468	399	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	399	8	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	399	9	1991	1991	NUM
cice-11468	399	10	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	399	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	400	1	who	who	PRON
cice-11468	400	2	will	will	AUX
cice-11468	400	3	teach	teach	VERB
cice-11468	400	4	?	?	PUNCT
cice-11468	400	5	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	400	6	that	that	PRON
cice-11468	400	7	matter	matter	VERB
cice-11468	400	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	401	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
cice-11468	401	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	401	3	ma	ma	PROPN
cice-11468	401	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	401	5	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
cice-11468	401	6	university	university	PROPN
cice-11468	401	7	press	press	NOUN
cice-11468	401	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	402	1	nkrumah	nkrumah	PROPN
cice-11468	402	2	-	-	PUNCT
cice-11468	402	3	young	young	ADJ
cice-11468	402	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	402	5	k.	k.	PROPN
cice-11468	402	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	402	7	huisman	huisman	PROPN
cice-11468	402	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	402	9	j.	j.	PROPN
cice-11468	402	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	402	11	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	402	12	powell	powell	PROPN
cice-11468	402	13	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	402	14	p.	p.	NOUN
cice-11468	402	15	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	402	16	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	402	17	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	402	18	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	403	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	403	2	impact	impact	NOUN
cice-11468	403	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	403	4	funding	funding	NOUN
cice-11468	403	5	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	403	6	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	403	7	higher	high	ADJ
cice-11468	403	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	403	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	403	10	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	403	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	404	1	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	404	2	p.	p.	PROPN
cice-11468	404	3	mayo	mayo	NOUN
cice-11468	404	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	404	5	ed	ed	NOUN
cice-11468	404	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	404	7	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	404	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	404	9	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	404	10	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	404	11	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	404	12	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	404	13	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	404	14	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	404	15	imperatives	imperative	NOUN
cice-11468	404	16	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	404	17	regional	regional	ADJ
cice-11468	404	18	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
cice-11468	404	19	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	404	20	local	local	ADJ
cice-11468	404	21	dilemmas	dilemma	NOUN
cice-11468	404	22	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	404	23	pp	pp	ADJ
cice-11468	404	24	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	405	1	91–103	91–103	NUM
cice-11468	405	2	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	405	3	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	406	1	new	new	PROPN
cice-11468	406	2	york	york	PROPN
cice-11468	406	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	406	4	ny	ny	PROPN
cice-11468	406	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	406	6	routledge	routledge	PROPN
cice-11468	406	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	407	1	psacharopoulos	psacharopoulos	PROPN
cice-11468	407	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	407	3	g.	g.	PROPN
cice-11468	407	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	407	5	1985	1985	NUM
cice-11468	407	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	407	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	408	1	returns	return	NOUN
cice-11468	408	2	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	408	3	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	408	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	408	5	an	an	DET
cice-11468	408	6	updated	update	VERB
cice-11468	408	7	international	international	ADJ
cice-11468	408	8	comparison	comparison	NOUN
cice-11468	408	9	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	409	1	journal	journal	NOUN
cice-11468	409	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	409	3	human	human	ADJ
cice-11468	409	4	resources	resource	NOUN
cice-11468	409	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	409	6	20(4	20(4	NOUN
cice-11468	409	7	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	409	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	409	9	583	583	NUM
cice-11468	409	10	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	409	11	604	604	NUM
cice-11468	409	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	410	1	psacharopoulos	psacharopoulo	NOUN
cice-11468	410	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	410	3	g.	g.	PROPN
cice-11468	410	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	410	5	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	410	6	patrinos	patrinos	PROPN
cice-11468	410	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	410	8	h.	h.	PROPN
cice-11468	410	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	410	10	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	410	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	410	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	411	1	returns	return	NOUN
cice-11468	411	2	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	411	3	investment	investment	NOUN
cice-11468	411	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	411	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	411	6	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	411	7	a	a	DET
cice-11468	411	8	further	further	ADJ
cice-11468	411	9	update	update	NOUN
cice-11468	411	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	412	1	washington	washington	PROPN
cice-11468	412	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	412	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
cice-11468	412	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	412	5	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	412	6	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	412	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	413	1	current	current	ADJ
cice-11468	413	2	issues	issue	NOUN
cice-11468	413	3	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	413	4	comparative	comparative	ADJ
cice-11468	413	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	413	6	131	131	NUM
cice-11468	413	7	overcoming	overcome	VERB
cice-11468	413	8	smallness	smallness	NOUN
cice-11468	413	9	through	through	ADP
cice-11468	413	10	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	413	11	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	413	12	rivkin	rivkin	NOUN
cice-11468	413	13	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	413	14	s.	s.	PROPN
cice-11468	413	15	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	413	16	hansuhek	hansuhek	PROPN
cice-11468	413	17	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	413	18	e.	e.	PROPN
cice-11468	413	19	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	413	20	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	413	21	cain	cain	PROPN
cice-11468	413	22	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	413	23	j.	j.	PROPN
cice-11468	413	24	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	413	25	2005	2005	NUM
cice-11468	413	26	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	413	27	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	414	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
cice-11468	414	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	414	3	schools	school	NOUN
cice-11468	414	4	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	414	5	academic	academic	ADJ
cice-11468	414	6	achievement	achievement	NOUN
cice-11468	414	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	415	1	econometrica	econometrica	PROPN
cice-11468	415	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	415	3	73(2	73(2	NUM
cice-11468	415	4	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	415	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	415	6	417–458	417–458	NUM
cice-11468	415	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	416	1	rizvi	rizvi	PROPN
cice-11468	416	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	416	3	f.	f.	PROPN
cice-11468	416	4	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	416	5	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	416	6	lingard	lingard	PROPN
cice-11468	416	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	416	8	b.	b.	PROPN
cice-11468	416	9	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	416	10	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	416	11	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	416	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	417	1	globalizing	globalize	VERB
cice-11468	417	2	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	417	3	policy	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	417	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	418	1	new	new	PROPN
cice-11468	418	2	york	york	PROPN
cice-11468	418	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	418	4	ny	ny	PROPN
cice-11468	418	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	418	6	routledge	routledge	PROPN
cice-11468	418	7	sen	sen	PROPN
cice-11468	418	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	418	9	a.	a.	NOUN
cice-11468	418	10	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	418	11	1999	1999	NUM
cice-11468	418	12	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	418	13	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	419	1	development	development	NOUN
cice-11468	419	2	as	as	ADP
cice-11468	419	3	freedom	freedom	NOUN
cice-11468	419	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	420	1	new	new	PROPN
cice-11468	420	2	york	york	PROPN
cice-11468	420	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	420	4	ny	ny	PROPN
cice-11468	420	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	420	6	random	random	ADJ
cice-11468	420	7	house	house	PROPN
cice-11468	420	8	tan	tan	PROPN
cice-11468	420	9	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	420	10	c.	c.	PROPN
cice-11468	420	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	420	12	&	&	CCONJ
cice-11468	420	13	ng	ng	PROPN
cice-11468	420	14	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	420	15	p.	p.	NOUN
cice-11468	420	16	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	420	17	2007	2007	NUM
cice-11468	420	18	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	420	19	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	421	1	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
cice-11468	421	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	421	3	change	change	NOUN
cice-11468	421	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	421	5	decentralized	decentralize	VERB
cice-11468	421	6	centralism	centralism	NOUN
cice-11468	421	7	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	421	8	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	421	9	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	421	10	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	421	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	422	1	journal	journal	PROPN
cice-11468	422	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	422	3	educational	educational	ADJ
cice-11468	422	4	change	change	NOUN
cice-11468	422	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	422	6	8	8	NUM
cice-11468	422	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	422	8	155–168	155–168	NUM
cice-11468	422	9	tan	tan	PROPN
cice-11468	422	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	422	11	j.	j.	PROPN
cice-11468	422	12	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	422	13	1998	1998	NUM
cice-11468	422	14	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	422	15	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	423	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	423	2	marketisation	marketisation	NOUN
cice-11468	423	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	423	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	423	5	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	423	6	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	423	7	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	423	8	policies	policy	NOUN
cice-11468	423	9	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	423	10	implications	implication	NOUN
cice-11468	423	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	424	1	international	international	ADJ
cice-11468	424	2	review	review	NOUN
cice-11468	424	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	424	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	424	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	424	6	44(1	44(1	PROPN
cice-11468	424	7	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	424	8	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	424	9	47–63	47–63	NOUN
cice-11468	424	10	turner	turner	NOUN
cice-11468	424	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	424	12	t.	t.	PROPN
cice-11468	424	13	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	424	14	1987	1987	NUM
cice-11468	424	15	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	424	16	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	425	1	the	the	DET
cice-11468	425	2	socialization	socialization	NOUN
cice-11468	425	3	intent	intent	NOUN
cice-11468	425	4	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	425	5	colonial	colonial	ADJ
cice-11468	425	6	jamaican	jamaican	ADJ
cice-11468	425	7	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	425	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	426	1	caribbean	caribbean	ADJ
cice-11468	426	2	journal	journal	PROPN
cice-11468	426	3	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	426	4	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	426	5	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	426	6	14	14	NUM
cice-11468	426	7	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	426	8	2	2	NUM
cice-11468	426	9	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	426	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	426	11	54–87	54–87	NUM
cice-11468	426	12	unesco	unesco	PROPN
cice-11468	426	13	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	426	14	international	international	ADJ
cice-11468	426	15	bureau	bureau	NOUN
cice-11468	426	16	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	426	17	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	426	18	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	427	1	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	427	2	2010	2010	NUM
cice-11468	427	3	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	427	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	428	1	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	428	2	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	428	3	world	world	NOUN
cice-11468	428	4	data	datum	NOUN
cice-11468	428	5	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	428	6	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	428	7	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	428	8	7th	7th	ADJ
cice-11468	428	9	edition	edition	NOUN
cice-11468	428	10	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	428	11	2010/11	2010/11	NUM
cice-11468	428	12	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	428	13	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
cice-11468	428	14	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	428	15	http://www.ibe.unesco.org	http://www.ibe.unesco.org	PROPN
cice-11468	428	16	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	429	1	whyte	whyte	PROPN
cice-11468	429	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	429	3	m.	m.	NOUN
cice-11468	429	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	429	5	1983	1983	NUM
cice-11468	429	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	429	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	430	1	a	a	DET
cice-11468	430	2	short	short	ADJ
cice-11468	430	3	history	history	NOUN
cice-11468	430	4	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	430	5	education	education	NOUN
cice-11468	430	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	430	7	jamaica	jamaica	PROPN
cice-11468	430	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	431	1	london	london	PROPN
cice-11468	431	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	431	3	uk	uk	PROPN
cice-11468	431	4	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	431	5	hodder	hodder	PROPN
cice-11468	431	6	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	431	7	stoughton	stoughton	PROPN
cice-11468	431	8	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	432	1	wint	wint	PROPN
cice-11468	432	2	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	432	3	a.	a.	NOUN
cice-11468	432	4	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	432	5	2002	2002	NUM
cice-11468	432	6	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	432	7	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	433	1	competitive	competitive	ADJ
cice-11468	433	2	disadvantages	disadvantage	NOUN
cice-11468	433	3	and	and	CCONJ
cice-11468	433	4	advantages	advantage	NOUN
cice-11468	433	5	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	433	6	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	433	7	nations	nation	NOUN
cice-11468	433	8	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	433	9	an	an	DET
cice-11468	433	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cice-11468	433	11	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	433	12	internation	internation	NOUN
cice-11468	433	13	economic	economic	ADJ
cice-11468	433	14	performance	performance	NOUN
cice-11468	433	15	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	434	1	journal	journal	NOUN
cice-11468	434	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	434	3	eastern	eastern	ADJ
cice-11468	434	4	caribbean	caribbean	ADJ
cice-11468	434	5	studies	study	NOUN
cice-11468	434	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	434	7	27	27	NUM
cice-11468	434	8	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	434	9	3	3	NUM
cice-11468	434	10	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	434	11	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	434	12	1–25	1–25	PROPN
cice-11468	434	13	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	434	14	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	434	15	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	435	1	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	435	2	2011	2011	NUM
cice-11468	435	3	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	435	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	436	1	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	436	2	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	436	3	database	database	NOUN
cice-11468	436	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	437	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
cice-11468	437	2	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	437	3	http://web.worldbank.org/.	http://web.worldbank.org/.	PROPN
cice-11468	437	4	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	437	5	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	437	6	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	438	1	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	438	2	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	438	3	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	438	4	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	439	1	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	439	2	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	439	3	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	439	4	meeting	meet	VERB
cice-11468	439	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cice-11468	439	6	in	in	ADP
cice-11468	439	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	439	8	global	global	ADJ
cice-11468	439	9	economy	economy	NOUN
cice-11468	439	10	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	440	1	report	report	NOUN
cice-11468	440	2	of	of	ADP
cice-11468	440	3	the	the	DET
cice-11468	440	4	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
cice-11468	440	5	secretariat	secretariat	PROPN
cice-11468	440	6	/	/	SYM
cice-11468	440	7	world	world	PROPN
cice-11468	440	8	bank	bank	PROPN
cice-11468	440	9	joint	joint	ADJ
cice-11468	440	10	task	task	PROPN
cice-11468	440	11	force	force	NOUN
cice-11468	440	12	on	on	ADP
cice-11468	440	13	small	small	ADJ
cice-11468	440	14	states	state	NOUN
cice-11468	440	15	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	441	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
cice-11468	441	2	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	441	3	http://	http://	PROPN
cice-11468	441	4	web.worldbank.org/.	web.worldbank.org/.	PROPN
cice-11468	441	5	yew	yew	PROPN
cice-11468	441	6	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	441	7	l	l	PROPN
cice-11468	441	8	(	(	PUNCT
cice-11468	441	9	2001	2001	NUM
cice-11468	441	10	)	)	PUNCT
cice-11468	441	11	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	442	1	from	from	ADP
cice-11468	442	2	third	third	ADJ
cice-11468	442	3	world	world	NOUN
cice-11468	442	4	to	to	ADP
cice-11468	442	5	first	first	ADV
cice-11468	442	6	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	442	7	the	the	DET
cice-11468	442	8	singapore	singapore	PROPN
cice-11468	442	9	story	story	NOUN
cice-11468	442	10	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	442	11	1965	1965	NUM
cice-11468	442	12	-	-	SYM
cice-11468	442	13	2000	2000	NUM
cice-11468	442	14	.	.	PUNCT
cice-11468	443	1	new	new	PROPN
cice-11468	443	2	york	york	PROPN
cice-11468	443	3	,	,	PUNCT
cice-11468	443	4	ny	ny	PROPN
cice-11468	443	5	:	:	PUNCT
cice-11468	443	6	harper	harper	NOUN
cice-11468	443	7	collins	collins	PROPN
cice-11468	443	8	.	.	PUNCT