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 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-07-04 
ISSN 2767-472X 
©2021 Master Journals 

   
  Accepted 08th July, 2021 &  Published 13thJuly, 2021  

 

 
 

 

CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY                           
ISSN – 2767-472X 

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   https://masterjournals.com/index.php/CRJH 

 

THE HISTORY OF THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL ORIGIN OF THE UZBEK PEOPLE 
 

Khakima Davlatova 

Researcher Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute Jizzakh, Uzbekistan 

Dilfuza Davurboyeva 

Researcher Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute Jizzakh, Uzbekistan 

Maftuna Lapasova 

Researcher Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute Jizzakh, Uzbekistan 

 

INTRODUCTION 

The largest nation in Central Asia, they are the 
main and indigenous population of Uzbekistan, 
quite large groups of autochthonous Uzbeks live 
in northern Afghanistan, northwestern, northern, 
western Tajikistan, southern Kazakhstan, 
southern Kyrgyzstan, northern and eastern 
Turkmenistan. Ethnogenesis of Uzbeks 
proceeded in Movaraunnahr and adjacent 
regions. The ancient peoples of Central Asia, 
Sogdians, Bactrians, Khorezmians, Ferghans, 
Sako-Massaget tribes, eastern Iranians, and 
Hephthalites, took part in the formation of the 
Uzbeks. In the VIII-II century BC. Central Asia 

was inhabited by Scythians (according to Greek 
sources), or Saki (according to Persian sources), 
Massagets and Sogdians, Khorezmians and other 
ethnic groups. 

In general, the Turkic-Mongol tribes that roamed 
in the second half of the XIV century. in the 
eastern part of Dashti Kipchak, they were called 
Uzbeks, and their territory was the land of 
Uzbeks. After their conquest in the first half of 
the 15th century. The local population of 
Maverannahr also began to be called Uzbeks. It 
should be noted that the ancient clans of Saks, 
Massagets, Sogdians, Khorezmians and Turks, as 
well as other ethnic groups that joined them a 
little later, formed the basis for the formation of 

ABSTRACT  
 
This article discusses the ethnographic history of the Uzbek people. The same picture is observed in the 
composition of the Uyghur ethnic group. For example, not only modern Uyghurs, but also Uzbeks, Kazakhs, 
Kirghiz, etc. were formed from the Uyghur ethnic group. The same can be said about written records. 
Evaluation of the role of each of these disciplines as a source of ethnogenetic and ethno-historical 
information, the need for complexity, synthesis of developments in various sciences have been repeatedly 
discussed. 
 
 
KEYWORDS: - Ethnographic history, history of Uzbek people, composition of Uyghur, ethnic group, modern 
Uyghurs, Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Kirghiz, written records, a source of ethnogenetic, ethno-historical information. 



CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(7): 15-20, July 2021      
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-07-04 
ISSN 2767-472X 
©2021 Master Journals 

   
  Accepted 08th July, 2021 &  Published 13thJuly, 2021  

 

 
 

 

CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY                           
ISSN – 2767-472X 

16 

   https://masterjournals.com/index.php/CRJH 

Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Kirghiz, Karakalpaks, Uighurs 
and other Turkic peoples, they also participated 
in the formation of the neighboring Tajik people. 
It should be borne in mind that the same clans 
and tribes could participate in the formation of 
different Turkic peoples. For example, the Uzbek 
and Kazakh peoples include the Kipchak, Jalair, 
Naiman, and Katagan clans.  

THE MAIN FINDINGS AND RESULTS 

Therefore, the fact of the presence in the Uzbek 
and Kazakh languages of common phenomena 
inherent in the languages of the aforementioned 
genera should not be considered as a product of 
the relationship between the Uzbek and Kazakh 
languages of a later time. Therefore, the fact of 
the presence in the Uzbek and Kazakh languages 
of common phenomena inherent in the 
languages of the aforementioned genera should 
not be considered as a product of the 
relationship between the Uzbek and Kazakh 
languages of a later time. Summarizing what has 
been said, we can conclude that the domination 
of the ancient Turks in Central Asia covers the 
5th-10th centuries, during this period, power is 
concentrated in the hands of the Tuku (V-VIII 
century), Turks of Central Asia (552-745), the 
Uyghur kaganate (740-840), the Uyghur state 
(up to the 10th century). 

Frequent changes in power did not lead to any 
changes in the ethnic composition of the Turkic 
population, then living in a very large territory 
(in the south of Siberia, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, 
East Turkestan): language, customs, clothing, 
culture and other components of Turkic ethnic 
groups continued to be very skinny. As a rule, 
each kaganate consisted of certain ethnic groups, 
and each ethnic group was called the name of the 
most privileged clan or tribe, although it included 
many other clans and tribes. For example, the 
Karluk ethnic group included, in addition to the 
Karluks themselves, Chigils (mainly in 

Movarounnahr) and Yagma (in the territories 
from the Ili River basin to Kashgar). The Yagma 
clan, before merging with the Karluks, was part 
of the Tugiaguz (Tukkiz-Oghuz) ethnic group. 
The same picture is observed in the composition 
of the Uyghur ethnic group. For example, not 
only modern Uyghurs, but also Uzbeks, Kazakhs, 
Kirghiz, etc. were formed from the Uyghur ethnic 
group. The same can be said about written 
records. 

To date, extensive materials have been 
accumulated on the ethnogenesis and ethnic 
history of Uzbekistan, represented by data from 
various sciences - history, archeology, 
ethnography, anthropology, linguistics, folklore, 
onomastics, oriental studies, historical 
demography, geography, etc. Evaluation of the 
role of each of these disciplines as a source of 
ethnogenetic and ethno-historical information, 
the need for complexity, synthesis of 
developments in various sciences have been 
repeatedly discussed. However, in the history of 
the study of the ethnogenesis of the Uzbek 
people, a mono-ethnic approach often prevailed, 
the data of related sciences were not sufficiently 
involved, the importance of certain disciplines 
was absolutized, in particular, the substitution of 
ethnogenesis by culture genesis and 
glottogenesis, there was no correlation between 
the results of certain sciences among themselves 
and with political history. 

Anthropology plays a significant role in the study 
of ethnic history, especially in illuminating the 
continuity of the population, identifying the 
direction and time of migration, the nature of the 
relationship between the substratum and 
superstrate population, interaction between 
neighboring and distant ethnic groups, etc. The 
anthropological types of individual populations 
are formed on the basis of the same groups of 
todey that peoples are ethnic groups, that is, 
populations are associated with ethnic groups. 
This position underlies all ethnogenegical 



CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(7): 15-20, July 2021      
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-07-04 
ISSN 2767-472X 
©2021 Master Journals 

   
  Accepted 08th July, 2021 &  Published 13thJuly, 2021  

 

 
 

 

CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY                           
ISSN – 2767-472X 

17 

   https://masterjournals.com/index.php/CRJH 

constructions of anthropology. A huge serial 
material on paleoanthropology and, to a lesser 
extent, on somatology of Uzbekistan and Central 
Asia has been studied. 

Multilateral studies in the latest areas of 
anthropology - dermatoglyphics, odontology and 
serology, representing effective ethnogenetic and 
ethnohistorical information, were carried out in 
Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, partly in Kyrgyzstan, 
but are absent in Uzbekistan. Completed 
individual works on dermatoglyphics do not 
reflect the complexity of the ethnic composition 
of the Uzbeks and do not cover their main ethno-
territorial groups. In addition, there are no 
works carried out in the diachropic aspect, when 
it is possible to trace the process of the formation 
of an ethnos and to reveal its fate, the continuity 
of the population, to determine the racial 
typology at all chronological stages of history, to 
reveal the dynamics of anthropological 
complexes and ethnic components. application of 
data from various independent anthropological 
systems, each of which makes it possible to 
reveal the specificity and diversity of racial and 
ethno-genetic processes. The consolidation of 
paleoanthropology, somatology data with 
dermatoglyphics, odontology, serology data, 
carrying out a study in the diachropic aspect, 
matching anthropological data with 
ethnographic, archaeological, general historical, 
linguistic and written sources was carried out by 
the author for the first time. 

The main goal is to obtain racial> eshogenetic 
and ethnoisgoric information by conducting a 
comprehensive anthropological study of the 
population of Uzbekistan on dermatoglyphic, 
odontological and paleodontological, serological 
programs, taking into account the complexity of 
its ethnic and anthropological composition, with 
a wide involvement of information on 
somatology (anthropometry and anthroposcopy) 
and paleoanthropology, that is, biological and 
historical analysis in the diachropic aspect. The 

range of tasks set by the author includes the 
following: 

- Study of the normal distribution of race 
diagnostic signs in the main ethnic and 
territorial groups of Uzbekistan; 

- Characterization of the geographical 
variability of these characters and the 
allocation of racial complexes; 

- Racial and ethnic characteristics of modern 
Uzbeks with tribal stratification; 

- Racial and ethnic characteristics of modern 
Uzbeks without a tribal structure; 

- Determination of the taxonomic position of 
Uzbeks among the Eurasian groups at the 
racial level; 

- Determination of the taxonomic position of 
the Uzbek ethnos at the ethnic level; 

- Intergroup analysis of population 
differentiation at the territorial, ethnic levels 
and at the level of local and large races of 
humanity; 

- General dynamics of Mongoloid elements in 
the Central Asian population; 

- Dynamics of Mongoloid elements by 
individual geographers cultural and 
historical and cultural areas (Sogd, Chach, 
Kaktriya-Tokharistan, Fergana, Parthia-
Margiana, southwestern Turkmenistan, 
Khorezm, Ustrushana, Semirechye, Pamir); 

- Determination of the specific weight of the 
Mongoloid component among ethnic and 
territorial groups and its role in ethnic 
history; 

- Determination of the magnitude of the 
australoid (skaatoriaapnoy) component in 
the anthropological composition of the 
modern population; 

An objective assessment of the geographical 
differentiation of dermatoglyphic, odontological 



CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(7): 15-20, July 2021      
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-07-04 
ISSN 2767-472X 
©2021 Master Journals 

   
  Accepted 08th July, 2021 &  Published 13thJuly, 2021  

 

 
 

 

CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY                           
ISSN – 2767-472X 

18 

   https://masterjournals.com/index.php/CRJH 

and serological characteristics is given; identified 
local groups and complexes; the taxonomic 
position of the Uzbeks among the peoples of 
Nvraeni has been clarified; The morphological 
and genetic status of modern Uzbeks was 
determined, but for different systems of 
characters. For the first time, this angropological 
study of the modern population was carried out 
according to several programs (dermatoglyphics, 
odontology, serology), each of which meets the 
requirements of a racial taxonomic classification 
class. 

As a result of the involvement of 
paleoactroiological, craniological and own 
paleodoitological material, for the first time 
racial and these genetic studies were carried out 
in a dichronal aspect, which allowed the author 
to consider ethnoseneic processes and dynamics, 
to solve such important problems as the 
continuity of the population, place, time and 
ways of formation of the main racial and ethnic 
components. 

Based on the analysis of their own data, the 
author suggested that the races of the Central 
Asian interfluve and the Pamir-Fergaiskaya are 
not identical, but are separate local races that 
have different ratios of the main racial 
components. In addition, the distribution area of 
these races does not coincide.  

The general patterns and uniqueness of racial 
and ethnic processes in the historical and 
cultural regions of Central Asia were revealed. 
For the first time, the fact of the formation of 
supra-ethnic communities and territorial 
complexes among the population of the Central 
Asian interfluve (Sogd, Ustrushana, Eaktria-
Tokharistan, southern Khorezm) was 
established. Based on the results of ethno-
anthropological research, a conclusion was made 
about the commonality of the ethno-historical 
and racial roots of the peoples of Central Asia 
and Kazakhstan. It consists of dermatoglyph, 

odontological and serological materials on the 
main ethnic and territorial groups of the Uzbek 
population. In order to avoid the author's 
discrepancies in the methodological 
interpretation of the signs of the day of the 
comparative analysis, ethno-territorial-rhetorical 
groups of contiguous regions were studied. As a 
result of field work in 1981 - 1989. collected and 
studied under a single program of 48 ethnic and 
territorial groups with a total number of 9278 
people (4626 men and 4652 women). 

CONCLUSION 

In conclusion, according to the Uzbeks, they are 
divided into thirty-two tayors. The generally 
accepted version is that the name of the people 
comes from the name of the Khan of the Golden 
Horde-Uzbekkhan (1312-1341). Rashid ad-din 
writes that Sultan Muhammad, nicknamed 
Uzbekkhan, was the son of Mingkudar, the 
grandson of Bukal, the seventh son of Jochi, and 
became the khan of the Golden Horde at the age 
of 13 and nomadic Uzbeks were not his subjects. 
The meaning of the word “Uzbek” and its origin 
is a source of much controversy. Basic 
hypotheses about the origin of the word Uzbek: 
The earliest mention of the word Uzbek as a 
personal name dates back to the 12th century. 

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CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(7): 15-20, July 2021      
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-07-04 
ISSN 2767-472X 
©2021 Master Journals 

   
  Accepted 08th July, 2021 &  Published 13thJuly, 2021  

 

 
 

 

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CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(7): 15-20, July 2021      
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-07-04 
ISSN 2767-472X 
©2021 Master Journals 

   
  Accepted 08th July, 2021 &  Published 13thJuly, 2021  

 

 
 

 

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