CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(9): 01-04, September2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-09-01 ISSN 2767-472X ©2021 Master Journals Accepted 09th September, 2021 & Published 14thSeptember, 2021 CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY ISSN – 2767-472X 1 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/CRJH EVACUATION OF ORPHANS TO UZBEKISTAN DURING WORLD WAR II Nodira Nabievna Safikhodjaeva Lecturer Academic Lyceum Of Andijan State University, Uzbekistan INTRODUCTION The Second World War was a terrible event that destroyed human life and the future. The long history of the heroic struggle of the peoples against fascism is an invaluable spiritual property, and the people have no right to erase it from their memory. This is especially because, as the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev described, “man is alive with memory, great with dignity. It is a characteristic of our people to continue the good deeds, remembering the memory of the martyrs who fought valiantly against fascism for the sake of the purity of our skies, the peace of our people, the inviolability of our borders [1]. Indeed, as the great scholars have pointed out, history teaches, history warns, history gives us wisdom. The 75-year period since the victory in the World War against fascism is short, but its wounds and lessons have not faded from the pages of history for many years. Just like on the front, the hardworking people inside the country have endured extremely severe trials. From the first days of the terrible war, the Uzbek people, together with all peoples, went to fight against fascism. Uzbekistan considered itself one of the first to be mobilized in very difficult conditions, at the beginning of extremely dangerous times. In this regard, it is natural to question the role of Uzbekistan in this war. The fate of the struggle against fascism was not decided on the battlefields alone. The domestic workers, who were among the true creators of the victory, showed examples of unparalleled courage, cohesiveness, and great courage in the face of the inhuman and innumerable sufferings, endless ABSTRACT This article discusses the evacuation of orphans to Uzbekistan during World War II. The domestic workers, who were among the true creators of the victory, showed examples of unparalleled courage, cohesiveness, and great courage in the face of the inhuman and innumerable sufferings, endless calamities, and calamities inflicted by Nazi Germany. Uzbekistan has been at the forefront of meeting the material needs of defense, has spared no effort to demonstrate its noble human qualities. KEYWORDS: - Orphanage, evacuation, World war II, Andijan, Central Evacuation Center, fascism, Uzbekistan USSR, orphans, collective farms, trade unions. CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(9): 01-04, September2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-09-01 ISSN 2767-472X ©2021 Master Journals Accepted 09th September, 2021 & Published 14thSeptember, 2021 CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY ISSN – 2767-472X 2 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/CRJH calamities, and calamities inflicted by Nazi Germany. Uzbekistan has been at the forefront of meeting the material needs of defense, has spared no effort to demonstrate its noble human qualities. At a time when such wars were raging, more than 1 million people, including more than 200,000 children, were evacuated to Uzbekistan from war-torn countries. Of course, the Uzbek people unhesitatingly embraced so many children. The Uzbek people have once again demonstrated their humane, childlike and noble qualities. MATERIALS AND METHODS From October 1941 to February 1, 1942, 21,308 children were temporarily brought to Uzbekistan from the frontline zone and the territories occupied by the German invaders. Of these, 10,918 children were brought to 64 orphanages in an organized manner. As a result of the reorganization of orphanages in the Uzbek USSR, 11,418 children were placed in various orphanages and placed in 100 existing orphanages in the country. Thus, the total number of children in orphanages of the Uzbek USSR increased from 11,000 to 21,948. Among the children evacuated to the Uzbek SSR were the Odessa Military Music School with a contingent of 200, the Voronezh Military Music School with 180 students, the 1st Moscow Military Music School with 100 pupils, the 2nd Moscow Military School with 170 pupils and 78 pupils. The contingent had Zmievskaya auxiliary schools. Special buildings were allocated for the evacuation of orphanages: collective farm clubs, boarding schools and other buildings. However, most of these buildings were not adapted to accommodate children and required serious additional equipment, kitchens, workshops, and so on [2]. There has also been an increase in the evacuation of children to Uzbekistan without addressing the shortcomings. In December 1941, the Central Evacuation Center sent 200 children a day, and in January 1942, 3,164 children. This corresponded to 103 children per day [2]. From October 1941 to September 1942, Uzbekistan also received 78 orphanages, 9,918 foster children and 20,650 displaced children. All children were placed in schools. Workshops were organized at 30 orphanages. From the first days, the workers, collective farmers and servants of our people have brought up 2,500 children [3]. Of course, great care was taken for every child brought in at that time. An orphanage has been set up in each region, and efforts have been made to address its shortcomings. In 1942, a special commission was immediately set up in Andijan to help children evacuated. By the decision of the special commission a number of works were carried out on January 9-24, 1942. In particular, on January 11-12, the Andijan city committee held a meeting of women activists of the city, during which 76 applications were received asking them to deal with the adoption and upbringing of evacuated children. In addition, the issues of assistance, accommodation and training of evacuated children were discussed at all enterprises of Andijan, at party and trade union meetings. After this meeting, more than 200 applications will be received from city mahallas, parties and Soviet organizations to provide opportunities for the upbringing of children [2]. From the beginning of hostilities until January 1942, 14 orphanages in the Andijan region were evacuated, bringing a total of 1,856 children. Of these, 260 children went to Butakara village, 80 children to Khartoum village, 127 children to Oyim village, 191 children to Abdulla Nabi village, 150 children to Kampir-Abad village, 100 children to Jalal-Abad district, 111 children to CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(9): 01-04, September2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-09-01 ISSN 2767-472X ©2021 Master Journals Accepted 09th September, 2021 & Published 14thSeptember, 2021 CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY ISSN – 2767-472X 3 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/CRJH the village of “Comrades”of Izbaskan district, 127 children to the city of Leninsk (Asaka), 162 children to the village of Niyazbotir of Leninsk (Asaka) district, 88 children to the Markhamat district, 255 children to the Khojaabad district, 100 children to the village of Dalvarzin of Balikchi district, 105 children were placed in Dalvarzin village of Altynkul district [2]. As the war intensified, the number of children being evacuated to Uzbekistan also increased. This, in turn, necessitated the immediate expansion of orphanages. In this connection, in January 1942, an additional orphanage for 200 children was established in Andijan [2]. Due to the complexity of the situation, there were of course problems in these areas as emergency orphanages were established. Худди шу йилда Андижон вилояти туманларига жойлашган эвакуация There were not enough children's shoes, warm clothes, and beds in the orphanages. In addition, orphanages are poorly equipped, have very few school supplies, and are not well organized [2]. Under such conditions, 3,040 warm clothes were voluntarily collected from the population in the city of Andijan, handed over to orphanages in need, and the collection of warm clothes and other necessities continued [2]. In addition, meetings were held on the collective farms, and each member of the collective farm undertook to provide warm clothes for the evacuated children and 25 to 50 rubles in aid [2]. The special commissions set up to provide material and moral assistance to the evacuated orphans and children deprived of parental care include government officials, trade unions, party members, military commissariats, women’s committees, representatives of health departments, collective farms and others. people who volunteered came in. If on the eve of the war there were 106 orphanages in the republic and the number of orphans was 12,000, then in 1945 the number of orphanages increased to 236 and the number of orphans to 30,000. We can observe that the number of orphanages varied from 1940 to 1945. In particular, in 1943 the number of orphanages increased significantly, reaching 267, and in 1944 this figure decreased. The reason for the decrease in the number of orphanages in the republic in 1944-1945 was that the orphans were returned to their cities and provinces after the liberation of their cities. For example, in July 1945, 11 orphanages were relocated from the republic to their former places - Ukraine, including one in Fergana and Samarkand regions, two in Kashkadarya and Namangan regions, and five in Andijan region [4]. CONCLUSION We can conclude that despite the difficult living conditions, the Uzbek people have never lost their tolerance and childhood. On the contrary, every orphan who came embraced the children as his own and showed kindness. Although some children were taken home by their parents when the war ended, the parents of many children were not found even after the war ended, and these children remained there for life. The Uzbek people have carefully raised these children. REFERENCES 1. Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On the worthy celebration of the 75th anniversary of the victory in World War II”. https://regulation.gov.uz/ru/document/3 926. 2. National Archive of Uzbekistan.F-94, О-5, D-4254 3. A.M.Egamberdieva. Activities of CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(9): 01-04, September2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-09-01 ISSN 2767-472X ©2021 Master Journals Accepted 09th September, 2021 & Published 14thSeptember, 2021 CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY ISSN – 2767-472X 4 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/CRJH orphanages in the former Soviet Union. Scientific bulletin, Samarkand. Issue 4, 2017.P.15. 4. Saidova Gulzor Shavkatovna Life of Evacuated Children in Uzbekistan during World War II. https://moluch.ru/archive/59/8352/