Current Research Journal of History, Volume 01 Issue 01-2020 6 Current Research Journal of History Published: December 08, 2020 | Pages: 6-9 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/crjh/Volume01Issue01-2 ABSTRACT The article tells about the rich history of the Samarkand region, the stages of the historical formation of the Samarkand region, the existing historical monuments in the region, the origin of the geographical location of the region. KEYWORDS Zarafshan oasis, the Great-historical monuments, Karakhanids, Karakhitians, Registan ensemble, Gori Amir mausoleum, Bibikhanim (Amir Temur) mosque, Aksarai monuments, Rukhabad and Chorsu, Khoja Abdu Berun, Khoja Abdu Darun monuments, Nadir Devonbegi, Namazgokh and Khazrati Khizr mosque, Sheikh Nuriddin Bashir's temple, Khoja Daniel's grave, Ulugbek observatory. INTRODUCTION Uzbekistan still remains a country of historical monuments that have preserved their beauty and splendor. The monuments created in our country by our creative people, preserved for centuries, fascinate the peoples of the world. Many of them are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Historical monuments are part of the cultural heritage of the country and the people, part of spiritual enlightenment. Samarkand Is A Tourist City With A Glorious Past, Happy Present And Great Future Farangiz Khudoyorova 3rd year student, Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages, Uzbekistan Gulshan Kabilova Teacher, School 55 in Samarkand, Uzbekistan Abubakir Ravshanov 2nd year student, Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service, Uzbekistan Current Research Journal of History, Volume 01 Issue 01-2020 7 Current Research Journal of History Published: December 08, 2020 | Pages: 6-9 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/crjh/Volume01Issue01-2 The Republic of Uzbekistan the “Land of the Uzbeks” lies in the heart of Asia, between the two major rivers of Central Asia, the Syr Darya (Jaxartes)and the Amu Darya(Oxus), in the territory known since ancient times as Bactria, Maverannahr (The land beyond the river), and later on as Turkistan. Uzbekistan boarders from Kazakhstan to the north, Krgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east and southest, Turkmenistan to the southwest, as well as Afghanistan to the south. Samarkand region is one of the largest and most centralized tourist zones in Uzbekistan with a rich history. The city of Samarkand, located in the central part of the Zarafshan oasis, is one of the cultural centers of humanity in world history. This city, considered the most beautiful in the world, was called Samarkand in ancient Eastern sources, and Moroccan in Greek and Roman. In Morocco, the term Samarkand is a Greek pronunciation. In the Chinese sources of the 5th century, the name of the city is pronounced as Sivangin (Sakmangin). Old Samarkand Current Research Journal of History, Volume 01 Issue 01-2020 8 Current Research Journal of History Published: December 08, 2020 | Pages: 6-9 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/crjh/Volume01Issue01-2 New Samarkand Samarkand is one of the oldest cities in the world. Founded 2,750 years ago, the city was famous for its excellent climate, natural and material resources. In the 5th century BC Samarkand was included in the Achaemenid Empire, and later in 329 - in the state of Alexander the Great. From the 4th to the 5th century BC, Samarkand was the capital of Sogd, which was originally part of Greek Bactria and then part of the Kushan state. In the 6th century, it became part of the Turkish Khanate and was ruled by local authorities. Since the beginning of the 7th century, the Zarafshan Valley came under the rule of Samarkand governors. In 712, Samarkand was captured by Arab troops led by Kuteiba ibn Muslim. Beginning in the 1920s, local landowners became involved in governing Mavorounnahr and the provinces. In particular, control over Samarkand passed into the hands of the Samanids. Since then Samarkand has been the capital of the Samanid state. Samarkand, which was part of the Karakhanid state in the 11th century, was occupied by the Karakhanids in the 12th century. In 1210, Samarkand, part of the state of Muhammad Khorezmshah, was occupied by the troops of Genghis Khan in 1220 and replaced the modern city of Samarkand. The next period of Samarkand's rise is associated with the activities of Amir Temur. Samarkand, world renowned as the capital of the Timurid empire, has many luxurious buildings. Although Samarkand lost its status as a capital during the Shaybanid period, it retained its status as a major economic and cultural center of the Bukhara Emirate. After Uzbekistan gained independence in 1991, Samarkand became a major cultural center of Uzbekistan. At the same time, Current Research Journal of History, Volume 01 Issue 01-2020 9 Current Research Journal of History Published: December 08, 2020 | Pages: 6-9 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/crjh/Volume01Issue01-2 Samarkand was awarded the Order of Amir Temur for a great role in the history of our country and a great contribution to the development of our culture. The order was presented on October 18, 1996 by the first President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov. Various international conferences are currently being held in Samarkand. It is especially important to hold the International Music Festival "Sharq Taronalari" in Samarkand since 1997. Several world-famous historical monuments have been erected in the Samarkand region, such as the Registan ensemble, the Gori Amir mausoleum, the Bibikhanim (Amir Temur) mosque and the Bibikhanim mausoleum, the Shokhi Zinda ensemble. In the central part of the city there are monuments Oksaray, Rukhobod and Chorsu. Also around the city are the monuments of Khoja Abdu Berun, Khoja Abdu Darun, Ishratkhan, Nadir Devonbegi Madrasah, Hazrati Khizr Prayer and Mosque, Sheikh Nuriddin Bashir Temple, Khoja Daniel's Tomb, Ulugbek Observatory situated. Today in the region there are 1105 archaeological, 670 architectural, 37 monuments, 18 monumental, 21 memorials, a total of 1851 objects of material and cultural heritage. There are over 1000 tourist destinations in the region, of which about 400 are currently fully usable as tourist attractions. REFERENCES 1. Architectural monuments of Uzbekistan. M. Yunusov, M. Saidov / Toshkent-2011 2. Guide to Uzbekistan. / Global Study Publishing House. Tashkent-2011 3. Khakkulov A. Historical Monuments T., 1983. 4. Karimov I.A. There is no future without historical memory - T., "Shark", 1998. 5. facebook.com