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ISSN 2744-1741 
Defense and Security Studies  Original Research 
Vol. 3, January 2022, pp.121-129 
https://doi.org/10.37868/dss.v3.id213 

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) that allows others 
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 121 

 
 
Potential Utilization Of The Weapon System Tank Boat In 
Strengthening The Defense Of Indonesian As A Maritime Country  
 
Agus Nugraha1*, Yayat Ruyat2, Susilo Adi Purwantoro3  
1 Faculty of Defense Technology, Republic of Indonesia Defense University, Indonesia  
2 Faculty of Defense Technology, Republic of Indonesia Defense University, Indonesia  
3 Faculty of Defense Technology, Republic of Indonesia Defense University, Indonesia  
 
 

*Corresponding author E-mail:  sicepe92@gmail.com

Received Dec. 1, 2022 
Revised Dec. 25, 2022 
Accepted Dec. 26, 2022 

Abstract 
Indonesia is the largest maritime country in the world with 80 percent of its 
territory in the form of oceans. This makes it difficult to supervise the security 
and sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia, especially in the maritime sector. 
Therefore, it is necessary to design a fast catamaran concept that is good and 
responsive as a tool for war and security in Indonesia's maritime territory. This 
study aims to design the concept of a Tank Boat type ship and a weapon system 
based on domestic weapons technology. The method used is the House of Quality 
data analysis technique which is the first stage of implementing Quality Function 
Deployment (QFD) in classifying user needs based on the level of importance so 
that a priority scale is obtained. From the results of the analysis using the Quality 
Function Deployment (QFD) method, the level of user needs for ships and 
weapon systems on Tank Boats based on weapons technology is obtained by 
determining the Benchmark Performance (BP) value for the highest to lowest 
design characteristics. In this case, there are several main points for the desired 
user needs in the operational requirements and weapon systems for the Tank Boat 
object, including Tank Boat has a lightweight, The weapons used have high 
precision, Weapons must be free from ITAR (International Traffic Regulations), 
The flexibility of weapons to be integrated with the vehicle, The main target is a 
vital target or VVIP, and Security. The results of the study indicate that there is a 
need for a weapon system on the Tank Boat to support the defense of the 
Maritime State. This research is expected to be used as a starting point for further 
research related to ships and weapon systems that can be used on Tank Boat 
rides.  

© The Author 2022. 
Published by ARDA. 

Keywords: Weapon System, Tank Boat, Quality Function Deployment, 
Benchmark Performance, Maritime State Defense System. 

1. Introduction  
Indonesia is the largest maritime country in the world with 80% of its territory in the form of oceans. The total 
area of Indonesia reaches 7.81 million km² of which 2.01 million km² of land area, thus the area of the 
Indonesian territorial sea reaches 3.25 million km² and the sea area of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) 
reaches 2.55 million km² [1].The dynamics of the development of the strategic environment, both global, 
regional, and national, always bring changes to the complexity of threats and challenges to national defense 
[2]. The complexity of the threat can be seen from the type, perpetrator, and source of the threat. The types of 
threats and challenges are no longer dominated by military threats, but also by non-military threats. Threat 
actors are not limited to state actors, but also non-state actors. Both of them can be a threat (hybrid threat) that 



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is an actual or potential threat. The existence of the nation and state is at stake to face these threats, including 
Indonesia. Therefore, the national defense policy should be able to face the threats posed by the dynamics of 
the development of the strategic environment, both nationally, regionally, and internationally. Quite a several 
foreign warships were detected late and entered Indonesia as a result of the lack of supervision of Indonesia's 
maritime territory. These conflicts can cause conflicts between countries, especially Indonesia and other 
countries, which can eventually heat up and trigger military resistance. This is a special task for the state and 
the TNI to maintain security and sovereignty in the maritime sector by providing regional defense in the form 
of military attacks using Indonesian alusista to the opposing party. It takes a strong fleet to repel their presence 
so that the problem does not recur. To enforce a security system at sea, the system must be built using the 
principle of synergizing forces between all agencies implementing security enforcement at sea. This synergy 
will create unity in the organizational structure, mechanisms, and procedures for implementing security at sea 
carried out by its officers with the ultimate goal of upholding sovereignty and sovereign rights as regulated in 
UNCLOS 1982 [3]. 

The criteria for fulfilling the Operational Requirements for Tank Boats include being able to operate in 
Indonesian waters, and being faced with the implementation of the Marine Defense Strategy, which is used as 
a guideline in deploying operational elements including Tank Boats so that they can have firepower weapons 
against targets at sea. sea level and strategic targets on land that are deadly, where their presence will have a 
large deterrence impact and adapt to the development of weapons technology. 

Based on the fulfillment of the Minimum Essential Force (MEF) priority for the Strategic Plan (Renstra), 
through Presidential Regulation (Perpres) No. 42 of 2010, the Defense Industry Policy Committee (KKIP) 
was formed. KKIP was formed to carry out the task of fostering the domestic defense industry to formulate 
policies and increase the productivity of defense equipment independently. The MEF, which adjust to the 
Strategic Plan or to the stages that have been made by KKIP is inseparable from the management of the state 
defense system that must be fulfilled by the government, in this case not only the fulfillment of the Main 
Weapon System Equipment (Alutsista) but also the Alutsista modernization program [4].  

The chronology of the "ANTASENA" Tank Boat Program began with an oral statement from the Indonesian 
Minister of Defense, Mr. Gen. TNI (Ret.) Ryamizard Ryacudu about his interest in the Tank Boat program 
when the Tank Boat model was displayed at the Armored Vehicle Asia (AVA) Conference in April 2015. 
Work The Tank Boat was realized in collaboration with the Indonesian Defense Industry (PT. Pindad and PT. 
Lundin Banyuwangi) with CMI Defense from Belgium. With a memorandum of understanding between PT. 
Pindad (Persero), PT Lundin, and CMI Defense S.A which was held on September 10, 2015. The use of the 
Alutsista Tank Boat has a very strategic meaning because the threat to state sovereignty, especially in the field 
of transnational crime and infiltration from outside the territory of Indonesia through a 12 nautical mile 
territorial area is very high. The Indonesian archipelago bordering neighboring countries is close to each other 
and requires extensive patrol monitoring. Therefore, security vulnerabilities across territorial sea borders, if 
only rely on the capabilities of the TNI-AL, POLAIRUD, or other Marine Security Institutions. With so many 
straits, bays, or sea boundaries that have a level of security threat and traffic that is vulnerable to the presence 
of security elements, it is necessary to develop and initiate other dimensions that cannot be separated from the 
duties of the TNI by Law 34 concerning the TNI. the role of the Infantry unit at the level of the Infantry 
Battalion can help increase the level of security in the 12 nautical mile territory if it is equipped with a Tank 
Boat with an adequate firing range. 

Furthermore, during the presentation of the Tank Boat program to the Minister of Defense on January 6, 2016, 
the Minister of Defense expressed full support for the Tank Boat program to be realized and realized where 
funding is planned from the Ministry of Defense through APBN-P. Director General Pothan Kemhan 
conveyed to the President Director of PT. Pindad on March 8, 2016, about the planned funding support and 
assignment of Tank Boat Prototype development activities which were followed up with a cooperation 
agreement between PT. Pindad and PT. Lundin on 10 June 2016, which arranged the contribution of each 
party to the Tank Boat program. 

The innovation of a system for purchasing military weapons equipment is very important because it aims to 
reduce the burden of foreign exchange and the effect on the balance of payments, thereby stimulating the 
development of the domestic defense industry. The choice of weapons has a very political impact, if there are 
conditions that hinder the development of a defense posture such as an embargo, then innovation and planning 



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are needed to design an independent weapon system because this is an important part of the transition 
mechanism for procurement and replacement of weapons systems [5].  

Organizationally, the Infantry Battalion is divided into six types of Infantry Battalion based on three 
typologies of the area, namely urban, mountain forest and sea, river, and coastal swamps. For Infantry Units to 
be able to carry out tasks in various areas of the Republic of Indonesia, transportation equipment in the water 
is needed that can operate effectively and efficiently with reliable maneuvers and maximum firepower in these 
areas. 

Based on the above background, the researcher formulates the problem and makes the research question, 
namely How is the potential utilization of the weapon system tank boat in strengthening The Defence of 
Indonesia as a maritime country? To answer the formulation of the problem above, the researcher uses several 
theories related to the Potential Utilization of the Tank Boat Weapon System in Strengthening Indonesia's 
Defense as a Maritime State. In seeing the potential use of the Tank Boat weapon system in strengthening 
Indonesian defense, a strategy is needed to maximize the utilization of the resources owned. By definition, 
strategy is an action or activity carried out by an organizational leader in achieving the goals that have been 
set by using the resources they have. Strategy theory is more planning (planning) which connects all existing 
aspects (means) and uses them optimally [6]. Strategy talks about schemes and steps to achieve a goal. Carl 
Von Clausewitz's opinion in his book On War states that strategy is the use of engagement for war. The 
strategy focuses on the use of strength in carrying out engagement efforts to achieve goals. Strategy theory 
explains how to determine goals for all existing elements to support the process of achieving goals. The 
existence of a strategy is very important to guide steps in the development of an uncertain situation. The 
strategy assumes that the future cannot be predicted but that the strategic environment can be studied and 
accessed to be able to formulate anticipatory steps. Adds if the strategy is implemented by applying ends, 
ways, and means in a strategic environment to achieve the desired goals [6]. Ends is an objective or goal to be 
achieved by considering the variables contained in the strategic environment. These goals are contained in the 
policies made by the state to achieve strategic results in realizing an interest. Ways is a strategic concept to 
answer how to achieve certain goals by applying national power (1). Mathematically, strategy is assumed to 
be a means plus a goal, with the formula St = W + M + E with description: St (Strategy) = Strategy, W (Ways) 
= The way to reach the goal, M (Means) = Resources, facilities, and infrastructure that can be used to achieve 
goals, and E (Ends) = Goals defined in the policy. 

This conception will narrow down to the question of who does what, where, when, how, and why. The 
strategic concept must be able to provide guidelines for the implementation and implementation of national 
power to achieve national goals. In formulating a strategy, of course, one must take into account in detail 
measurable related ends, means, and ways. This is important for success in achieving goals. The means are a 
limitation for the type and level of supporting elements in encouraging the achievement of a goal. In strategy, 
means can be tangible or intangible. For example, tangible means include forces, people, equipment, money, 
and other supporting facilities. Meanwhile, intangible means include a will, courage, spirit, and intellect [6]. 
The development of technology, especially technology in the field of weapons, has become a threat that is 
realized through an increasingly strong military force, considering that countries in the world are currently 
trying to allocate defense budgets for the sake of increasing and developing their military strength as the main 
mission of self-defense (self-defense). research on weapons technology and the purchase of high-tech military 
equipment from other countries. Threats are the main factors that form the basis for drafting the design of the 
national defense system, both actual and potential. 

State defense efforts are carried out through the development of the national defense posture. The 
development of the national defense posture is carried out on an ongoing basis to realize strength, capabilities, 
and titles. The development of the military defense posture is directed at fulfilling the Minimum Essential 
Force (MEF) of the main components and preparing other defense components. The military defense posture 
consists of Main Components, Reserve Components, and Supporting Components, which are directed through 
building strength, abilities, and titles. The military defense posture is prioritized to deal with actual threats by 
not ruling out potential threats and other threats. In the 2015 Defense White Paper of the Republic of 
Indonesia, it is explained that the TNI's Posture includes 3 things, namely strength, ability, and title. In the 
context of the use of the tank boat weapon system in strengthening Indonesia's defense as a maritime country, 
it requires development in the aspect of equipment developed through various plans. Quality Function 
Deployment (QFD) is a method used to develop and plan products so that the development team can specify 
in detail the needs and desires of customers [7]. Meanwhile, Daetz explains that QFD is a systematic planning 



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process created to help companies organize all the elements needed to define, design, and manufacture 
products or provide services that can meet customer needs [8]. Broadly speaking, Quality Function 
Deployment is a systematic planning process that was created to help an agency or company to be able to 
manage all elements that can design, define, and create products or provide a service that can meet customer 
needs. 

The main tool of QFD is the arrangement of matrices by collecting, interpreting, documenting, and 
prioritizing customer requirements. The starting point for QFD is the customer and the wants and needs of the 
customer (voice of the customer). The QFD process starts with customer needs and then continues through 4 
main points, namely Product Planning, Product Design, Process Planning, and Process Control Planning. 
In addition, there is a House of Quality, which is the first stage in implementing QFD, formed by compiling 
one or more matrices that are interconnected and developed to determine the relationship between customer 
needs and technical parameters of the product or service. This matrix explains what the customer's needs and 
expectations are and how to fulfill them. The stages in implementing it are through 3 phases, namely the first 
phase by collecting customer needs (Voice of Customer), the second phase by compiling the House of 
Quality, and the third phase of analysis and interpretation of the previous stages. This phase is carried out in 
various ways in each phase. 
Research with the same topic is not widely carried out, but there is one study that discusses the optimization 
of the shape of the catamaran ship demihull to improve the quality of seakeeping which is also discussed in 
this study, but this research has differences in the optimization of the shape of ship demihull to improve the 
quality of seakeeping following the standards of general seakeeping criteria for military ships. The demihull 
form used is NPL Hull Form Series 4b 

2. Research method  
This study uses a qualitative method with an emphasis on an object in this case the Tank Boat. Research using 
the qualitative method is defined as a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written 
or spoken words from people [9]. One of the research designs that can be used in qualitative research and is 
considered suitable for this research is the case study approach, namely the design of the weapon system on 
the Tank Boat through the System Engineering Approach. The research design that is used as a reference is 
considered suitable because it is following the theory from the Design System Engineering Approach book 
[10]  which states that to carry out development, research must at least have standard stages starting from the 
User Need phase, Conceptual Design, Preliminary Design, Detail Design, Production/Construction, and 
Product Use, Support, and Disposal. This research focuses on Conceptual Design with the implementation of 
the System Life Cycle in the Acquisition Phase including user needs and Conceptual Design. 

3. Results and discussion  
The potential use of the Tank Boat weapon system in strengthening Indonesia's defense as a maritime country. 

A. Platform Tank Boat 
After obtaining the criteria from the operational requirements, then the determination of the platform of the 
Tank Boat is based on the number of components that will be installed on the ship. The components that will 
be installed on this Tank Boat can be seen in Table 1. 

Table 1 Platform Tank Boat Components 

No Component Amount Dimensions L x B x H (mm) Weight (Kg ) 
1 Main Engine 1 Dimensions [P × P × T] (mm) 1812x1293x1414 2300 

2 Thermal camera 1 15.18" X 18.68" x 50 x 30 30 
3 Turret 1 12 m 4000 
4 Life raft 2 900 x 550 x 380 56 
5 Navigation Bridge Sistem 1 According to Spesification 250 
6 RGB 1 P=7800, W=2500 450 
7 Battery 12 V 8 578 x 254 x 219 200 
8 Thrust Vectoring 1 Suitable for Turbojet engines 200 
9 AE 2 1029 x 629 x 251 824 



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10 Frest Water 2 In Accordance GA 100 
11 Fuel oil 10 In Accordance GA 142 
12 Diesel oil 2 In Accordance GA 428 
13 Crew 4 - 360 
 Total Weight   8320 

Table 1 shows the number of components along with their dimensions and total weight. The total weight of 
this component will be used as the ship's payload. So the payload of the Tank Boat is 8320 Kg. 

B. Ship Design Stages 
The process of designing a ship is iterative, that is, all planning and analysis are carried out repeatedly to 
achieve maximum results when the design is developed. The spiral design is divided into 4 stages, namely: 
concept design, preliminary design, contract design, and detail design [11]. In this study, the design of the 
Catamaran Tank Boat warship was only limited to concept design. Therefore, the design process discussed is 
only a concept design. 

 
Figure 1. Spiral Design Stages [12] 

There are four stages in this Design Spiral, including: 

a. Concept design 

Concept design is an advanced stage after the Owner's requirement. The concept of ship design is the 
designer's task to define an object to fulfill mission requirements and comply with existing 
constraints/problems. To create a concept, approach formulas, curves or experience are used to make initial 
estimates that aim to get an estimate of the cost of building a ship. The results of this design concept stage are 
generally in the form of drawings or sketches, either partially or completely 

b. Preliminary Design 

Preliminary design is the second stage in designing the ship. Preliminary design is a further technical endeavor 
that will give more detail to the design concept. In conjunction with the spiral diagram, the preliminary design 
is the second iteration or the second path in the spiral diagram. What is meant by detail includes features that 
have a significant impact on the ship, including the initial approach to the costs required. Examples of adding 
details are the calculation of the longitudinal strength of the ship, the development of the midship section of 
the ship, a more accurate calculation of the weight and center of gravity of the ship, draft, stability, and others. 



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c. Contract Design 

The contract design stage is an advanced stage after the preliminary design stage, namely the development 
stage of ship design in a more detailed form that allows shipbuilders to understand the ship to be built and 
accurately estimate all shipbuilding costs. The main purpose of the design contract is to produce a document 
that describes the ship that will be built soon. Furthermore, these documents will be the basis of the contract or 
development agreement between the ship owner and the shipyard. The components included in the contract 
design are as follows: (1) Arrangement Drawing, (2) Structural Drawing, (3) Structural Details, (4) Propulsion 
Arrangement, (5) Machinery Selection, (6) Propeller Selection, (6) Generator Selection, (7) Electrical 
Selection. 

The components above are also known as key plan drawings. The key plan drawings must present in detail the 
ship's features according to the request of the ship owner or ship owner.  

d. Design Details 

Detail design is the last stage of the process of designing a ship. At this stage, the results of the previous stages 
will be developed into a more detailed working drawing as a whole. Ship construction plans will be discussed 
in detail at this stage. 

The biggest part of this process is the production of working/field drawings required in the production 
process. The purpose of this Tank Boat design is to determine the operational requirements of the Catamaran 
Combat Boat assault warship, obtain the main size of the Catamaran Tank Boat assault warship and obtain the 
lines plan and general plan of the Catamaran Tank Boat assault warship with Turbojet. 

Before entering the calculation process and the design stage, it is necessary to plan the criteria that will be 
used for the Tank Boat starting from the criteria that have the most influence on the design process. 

The criteria are the type of hull and material. For a detailed explanation, see the following sub-sections: 

a. Hull Type 

From the decision tree image, we get three types of hulls as the preferred candidate for the Tank Boat. The 
three types of hulls have advantages and disadvantages, as follows: 

1) Monohull is a hull monohull type which has shortcomings in terms of stability, easy rolling, and relatively 
small deck area 

 
Figure 2. Mono Hull [13] 

2) The catamaran has the advantages of a catamaran hull compared to a monohull hull, namely: 

a) Large deck area. 

b) Can maintain speed in the sea with high waves. 



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c) Have a stable platform. 

d) More cost-effective than other hull types with the same capability. 

 

 

 
Figure 3. Multi Hull Catamaran 

Based on the research of Prof. Jacob Van Renen Van Niekerk who already has experience and expertise in the 
shipping field, the fully asymmetric type C catamaran hull has the advantage that it is suitable for the design 
of the Tank Boat catamaran. Some of the advantages of a fully asymmetric type C hull are described as 
follows [14]: 

(a) The wave interference in the bridge section is smaller than that of a symmetrical catamaran 

(b) Can sail well even in waters with high waves and can slide sideways safely when the ship changes 
direction drastically. 

(c) Very good stability (will reverse only if there is a very large increase in load. 

C. Material 

Two types of material are obtained as the preferred candidates for Tank Boats, namely the type of material 
system that has advantages and disadvantages, as follows: 

1) Carbon Fiber Composite 

This type of material has the characteristics of lightweight material, can be stronger than good strength, more 
flexible to form, and free of corrosion. 

2) Aluminum 

The type of material that will be used for the Tank Boat is aluminum. Several things are considered in the 
selection of aluminum, namely it has been used for naval ships around the world, the material is lighter than 
steel, increases camouflage ability, and corrosion is 100x slower. 

From these considerations, the type of material to be used is Carbon Composite. The selection of this type of 
material is based on the design criteria of the Tank Boat to be made, where the ship must have greater strength 
than other ship materials. In addition, the selection of carbon composites is because this type of material has 
been tested and has a low density, thereby reducing the ship's load. For the Tank Boat design that is more 
supportive of field operations, it was chosen to use the Catamaran design with a lighter carbon composite 
material so that operations can be carried out in shallow waters. 

After the previous stages have met the operational requirements, the next step in the ship design process is the 
process of determining the method of designing the ship. In general, the methods in ship design are as follows: 

a. Parent Design Approach 

A parent design approach is one method of designing ships by comparing existing ships with designs to be 
made, namely by taking the main size of a ship that has been previously designed with the provision that the 
ship must have the same characteristics as the ship to be designed, In this case, the designer already has a 
reference to the same ship as the ship to be designed. The advantage of the parent design approach is that it 
can design ships faster because there is already a reference for the ship, it only remains to repair and improve 
the performance of the ship, and the parent ship's performance is proven (stability, motion, resistance) 

Model A 
Asymmetrical 

Model B 
Symmetrical 

Model C 
Asymmetrical Type-A 

Model D 
Asymmetrical Type-A 



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b. Trend Curve Approach Method 

The Trend Curve approach method which is often referred to as the statistical method is a method/method of 
designing ships by using regression from several comparison ships to determine their main size. In this 
method, the sizes of several comparison vessels are compared where the variables are connected and then a 
trend line is drawn that applies to the ship to be designed. 

c. Iterative Design Approach 

The Iterative Design Approach is a ship design method based on a cyclical process of prototyping, testing, and 
analyzing. Changes and improvements will be made based on the results of testing the latest iteration of a 
design. This process has the aim of improving the quality and functionality of an existing design. The ship 
design process has an iterative nature which is most commonly described by a design spiral that reflects the 
design methodology and strategy. 

d. Parametric Design Approach 

The parametric design approach is a method used in designing ships with main dimension parameters which 
are the results of regression from several comparison ships, then calculating the resistance (Rt), designing the 
propellers, calculating the estimated main engine power, calculating the number of crew members, calculating 
the center of gravity, trims, and others.  

e. Optimization Design Approach 

The optimization method is used to determine the optimum main size of the ship and the required motor 
power at the basic design stage. In this case, the optimum design is sought by finding the design that will 
minimize the economic cost. The parameters of this optimization are the laws of physics, cargo capacity, 
stability, freeboard, trim, and ship price. 

4. Conclusions  
The potential utilization of the Tank Boat weapon system in strengthening Indonesia's defense as a maritime 
country is using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method, determining customer requirements is the 
most important and fundamental part of explaining the needs desired by users in this case, namely the 
Indonesian Army. These needs include the operational requirements that must be possessed by a Tank Boat to 
carry out its mission as a combatant as well as the weapons system requirements used. In this case, there are 
several main points for the desired user needs in the operational requirements and weapon systems for the 
Tank Boat object, including: 
a) Tank Boat has a lightweight. 
b) The weapons used have high precision. 
c) Weapons must be free from ITAR (International Traffic Regulations). 
d) The flexibility of weapons to be integrated with the vehicle. 
e) The main target is a vital target or VVIP. 
f) Security. 

From the results of the analysis using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method, it was obtained the 
level of user needs for ships and weapon systems on Tank Boats based on domestic weapons technology 
produced by the Private and National Defense Industries, namely PT Lundin, PT LEN, PT Hariff, and PT. 
Pindad by determining the Benchmark Performance (BP) values for the highest to lowest design 
characteristics shows the results of the Benchmark Performance and Priority Scale values that have been 
sorted and arranged, namely design characteristics that have priority scales in order.  

Declaration of competing interest 
The authors declare that they have no any known financial or non-financial competing interests in any 
material discussed in this paper. 

Funding information  
No funding was received from any financial organization to conduct this research. 

 



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