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ISSN 2744-1741 
Defense and Security Studies  Original Research 
Vol. 3, January 2022, pp.130-133 
https://doi.org/10.37868/dss.v3.id212 

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) that allows others 
to share and adapt the material for any purpose (even commercially), in any medium with an acknowledgement of the work's 
authorship and initial publication in this journal. 

 130 

 
 
Analysis of Importance Priority to be Studied on Igniter System of 450 
caliber X Rocket  
 
A. Zaldiansyah1*, N. Widianto2, Y. H. Yogaswara3, Y. Ruyat4 
1,2,3,4 Faculty of Defense Technology, Indonesia Defense University, Indonesia  
 
 

*Corresponding author E-mail:  zaldi.msn@gmail.com

Received Nov. 28, 2022 
Revised Dec. 29 , 2022 
Accepted Dec. 30 , 2022 

Abstract 

A rocket is a flying platform that gets energy from the combustion process that 
performs a thrust that is large enough to reach hypersonic speed. It becomes quite 
vital considering the speed of the combustion process in double configuration 
propellant type, which is r=7 mm/s. The ignition of the propellant is supported by 
a squib as a conductor of electricity to the igniter which will then conduct heat to 
the propellant in the rocket motor. The main focus of this research is to analyze 
the development potential of the X rocket igniter system. This research uses a 
Quantitative Method approach, with the research analysis using a Quality 
Function Deployment (QFD) approach. Based on the benchmark values obtained 
from each supporting instrument used in the 450 caliber X rocket igniter system, 
the results were obtained on a priority scale for the development of a rocket 
igniter system as an effort to overcome the igniter from malfunctions when the 
operating system is running. The results show that the instruments that need to be 
developed are the squib, pyrotechnics, emergency button, ground system, and 
wiring system. 

© The Author 2022. 
Published by ARDA. Keywords: Rocket, Igniter System, QFD, Malfunction, Instrument.  

1. Introduction 

Today, the development of military technology is increasingly being intensified. In Indonesia, it has a road 
map of seven national priority programs related to weapons technology. [1] The Road Map contains seven 
priority programs for the national defense industry, including rockets and propellants which are one of the 
main focuses in research and development. There is ongoing research, namely the R Han 450 mm rocket 
which is deemed necessary and requires a lot of research in its development. Procurement of missile and 
rocket is an important stage, in order to fulfil a minimum basic strength or known as Minimum Essential 
Force (MEF) in Indonesia. [2] 

Rocket is a flying platform that gets energy from the combustion process that perform a thrust. [3] The 
resulting force is also large enough to reach hypersonic speed, so that the reactive impulse will be proportional 
to the reaction, this is in accordance with Newton's third law of motion. [4] 

Based on research by Ganda Samosir in 2011 on the propulsion of RX.320 rocket, [5] although it has a high 
flash point, this is quite vital considering the speed of the combustion process in double configuration 
propellant type, which is r=7 mm/s. The ignition of the propellant is supported by a squib as a conductor of 
electricity to the igniter which conduct heat to the propellant in the rocket motor. [6] 

Squib is part of the igniter of a rocket motor to ignite by electric a primary composition of the squib and some 
pyrotechnics. Squib is an electric ignition wick. [7] Depend on the speed of electricity flow on the squib, 
efforts are needed in conditioning the flow of electricity contained in the squib, so that an igniter can avoid 



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131 

static electricity and unwanted disturbances. 

Therefore, there is a need to analyze importance priority to be studied on of the rocket igniter system to avoid 
malfunctions of the system. 

2. Research method 

This research was conducted using a quantitative method approach using a Quality Function Deployment 
(QFD) method. QFD is a method to transform qualitative user demands into quantitative parameters, the user 
requirements data that has been obtained is interpreted to find relationships and interrelationships between 
existing data descriptions. [8]  
Thus, the data obtained in the form of scores on the design characteristics of each instrument, and a priority 
scale is obtained. 

3. Results and discussions 

3.1. User Requirements 

User requirements explain the needs desired by users who in this study are the Firing - Igniter Team from the 
Rocket Technology Center (Pustekroket) BRIN in Indonesia. In this operation there are several main points of 
user requirements that are desired for the purposes of the igniter system, which refers to the X rocket as 
outlined in the List Of Requirements (LOR), as follows: 

Table 1. List Of Requirements (LOR) 

Instruments User Requirements Urgency
Power 
supply 

Electric current requirement of 1 Ampere and voltage requirement of 20 Volt 4 

Switch 
connector 

An emergency system is needed in the electrical panel box to be able to 
immediately cut off the current when something unexpected happens 

5 

Cable 
Proper cable are needed for 1 Ampere and 20 Volts, and have low resistance 

so that the time delay in igniter operation can be cut 
4 

Grounding 
The grounding system required when operating the igniter is integrated with 
the firing system, and is expected to have a minimal resistance value, so that 
the static electricity contained in the wiring can be wasted towards ground 

3 

Casing 
The main casing needs are the Melting Point of 600°C, the distribution of 

combustion is even, and the casing melts instantly 
5 

Squib 
It takes a squib that has a long shelf life, and is not easily oxidized at room 

temperature 
3 

Squib 
Explosives 

Requires high calorific value, low flameability 4 

Propellant 
Material 

It requires a high calorific value, with the same flameability as that produced 
by an igniter flame 

4 

Igniter 
explosives 

Requires high calorific value, low flameability 4 

 
Description for Table 1:  
• Score 1: Not important. 
• Score 2: Less important.  
• Score 3: Quite important.  
• Score 4: High importance. 
• Score 5: Very high importance. 
 
Based on the table above, data on user requirements related to the igniter system are obtained according to 
user interviews. The points of need are discussed for each component, in order to make it easier for the author 
to classify needs and their level of importance. 

 



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132 

3.2. Benchmark Instruments 
 
Based on table 1 List of Requirements (LOR), then the relation matrix stage is carried out. Where the relation 
matrix is the match between the LOR points and the processing of the design characteristics made. There are 2 
processes at this stage, namely providing benchmark values, and a priority scale of design characteristics, to 
determine the development potential of each instrument supporting the igniter system on the X rocket. 
In making the relation matrix, there is a level of conformity which is divided into 3 with descriptions of weak 
linkage (1), moderate correlation (3), and high correlation (9). The relationship matrix was created to 
determine the relationship between the level of conformity between user needs and the characteristics of the 
design made. This criterion is based on the LOR compiled and analyzed using Quality Function Deployment 
(QFD). Then the relationship between user requirements (List of requirements) and design characteristics is 
arranged in a relation matrix. The following relationship data are shown in table 2. 

Table 2. Relation Matrix 

 

 

Descriptionod Table 2:  
a. Score 1: Weak Relationship.  
b. Score 3: Medium Relationship. 
c. Score 9: High Relationship. 

 

Based on table 2. Relation Matrix and performance benchmarks, the values that have priority scale numbers 1 
and 2 are squib with 70.11%, and pyrotechnics with 69.35%. There are also emergency buttons, cables and 
ground that have a priority scale value of 3, 4, and 5, each of which has a value of 60.9%, 60.15%, and 
60.02%, respectively.  

Based on the benchmark values obtained from each of the supporting instruments used in the 450 caliber X 
rocket igniter system, the results of the priority scale are obtained for developing the rocket igniter system to 

List Of 
Requirement 

L
ev

el
 o

f 
in

te
re

st
 

Design Characteristics 
P

o
w

er
 S

u
p

p
ly

 

C
a

b
le

 

G
ro

u
n

d
 

C
a

si
n

g
 

S
q

u
ib

 

P
y

ro
te

ch
n

ic
 

E
m

er
g

en
cy

 
B

u
tt

o
n

 

2 Volt and 1 
Ampere 

4 9 9 9 1 9 1 9 

Circuit Breaker 5 9 9 9 1 3 3 9 
Low resistance 3 3 9 9 1 3 3 9 

Melting Points and 
even distribution 

of burning 
5 1 1 1 9 3 9 3 

Long storage time 4 3 1 1 3 9 9 3 
High heating value 4 1 1 1 1 9 9 3 

High sensitivity 
value 

4 1 9 9 1 9 9 3 

Final score (Level of 
importance x design 

characteristic) 
115 157 157 77 183 181 159 

Benchmark Performance (%) 44.06 60.15 60.02 29.05 70.11 69.35 60.9 

Priority Scale 6 4 5 7 1 2 3 



 DSS Vol. 3, January 2022, pp.130-133 

133 

avoid from malfunctions. The results show that the instruments that need to be studied more are the squib, 
pyrotechnics, emergency button, ground system and wiring system. 

4. Conclusions 

Analysis of importance priority to be studied on the igniter system of 450 caliber X Rocket has been 
conducted, the results of the identification of the need for an igniter system for the X rocket were carried out 
with a list of requirements, to ensure that no required requirements were missed. The results obtained in the 
form of user requirements data which includes squib with a final score of 183 with a benchmark performance 
value (BP) of 70.11%, pyrotechnics with a final score of 181 and a BP value of 69.35%, emergency button 
with a final score of 159 and a BP value of 60.9%, cables with a final score of 157 with a BP value of 60.15%, 
Ground with a final score of 157 with a BP value of 60.02%, a power supply with a final score of 115 with a 
BP value of 44.06%, and casing with a final score of 77 with a BP value of 29.05%. The value obtained 
becomes a reference as an effort in conducting research and development, to avoid the igniter from 
malfunctions when the system is running. 

Declaration of competing interest 

The authors declare that they have no any known financial or non-financial competing interests in any 
material discussed in this paper. 

Funding information  

No funding was received from any financial organization to conduct this research. 

References 

[1] BPPI. K. " Indonesian Defense White Paper", Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Indonesia, 2015. 
[2] Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Indonesia, " Regulation of the Minister of Defense, Alignment of 

Minimum Essential Force Main Components ", 19 (650), 4-35, 2017. 
[3] A. Irfansyah, "Conceptual Design of the RX-1220 Rocket-Based Air Defense Missile Aerodynamics 

System", 2020. 
[4] R. H. Triharjanto, A. Riyadl, L. Marian, I. E. Putro, "Initial Design and Development Strategy for 

LAPAN Cruise Missiles", LAPAN Journal, 2008. 
[5] G. Samosir, "Calculation and Design of Igniter Based on Rocket Propulsion Calculation (Case Study of 

RX-320 Rocket)", Journal of Aerospace Technology, Vol. 9 No. 2, December, 2011. 
[6] B. R. Briody, "Electrical Current Requirements of Model Rocket Igniters", 2000. 
[7] E. Lestariana, "Squib As Electric Ignition Wick", Journal of Aerospace, 9(2), 46-50. 2008. 
[8] L. Cohen, "Quality Function Deployment: How to Make QFD Work for You", Addison-Wesley 

Publishing Company, Boston, 1995. 

 


