dss: A Pathfinder

This is a computer-generated pathfinder created against the Distant Reader study called dss.

Each Distant Reader study carrel is composed of many individual items. Each item is bibliographically described with author, title, date, summary, and keyword values. Below is a list of the items' most signficant keywords as well as lists of the items themselves. Purpusing the content of this pathfinder provides the student, researcher, or scholar with one way to get their heads around the scope of the carrel. The keywords include:

Security; Data; Systems; System; Indonesia; Development; Design; Projectile; Time; Government; Military; Materials; Velocity; Conflict; Areas; Model; Aircraft; Composite; Countries; Results; Rocket; Policy

Depending on how this pathfinder was created, many of the bibliographic sections will include elaborations on the meaning(s) of the given keywords. These elaborations were generated by feeding the items' summaries to a large langauge model and asking the model to address the question, "What is X?", where "X" is the keyword. The result will be a few sentences of elaboration. Be forewarned. The elaborations are often plausible, but they should not be take as truth. Instead, they should be taken as points for consideration.

• Analysis of current practical solutions of crime mapping information systems by Kmeť, Roman (2021) - crime map is bout the reg ased on the argeted and e on of statistic non that disr groups, and in this case, i me mapping el of crime minally respo 61 UK h / Month a year / tation of stat pective user as well as th overnment e ter, it deals gy, but also mapping info nding on the nteractivity o t out the dive e data in the displaying a ed region, lo ly used indic r of the crim criminal sta search criteri outputs in the rime rate, wh r self-govern the form of a the criminal e and targete that it is rela g of the GDP ty of the stud from the rea ermine how . [11] R. Kmet, Crime map in the city of Prievidza Diploma thesis. Keywords: area; case; crime; criminal; data; figure; information; map; maps; offenses; police; rate; region; security; vol
• Cybersecurity challenges in Industry 4.0: A state of the art review by Avdibasic, Elmedina; Toksanovna, Amanzholova Saule; Durakovic, Benjamin (2022) - Protection measures need to be taken regarding protecting 3 things: device security, data security and privacy of the user.  Protection measures have to include: device security, data security and privacy of the user. Keywords: articles; attacks; challenges; cybersecurity; data; devices; doi; industry; information; internet; iot; need; security; systems; things; vol
• Implementing elements of national security by fulfilling the rights of Indigenous people of Laman Kinipan in Central Kalimantan (Indonesia) by Manik, Khairul Umam; Sumertha, I Gede ; Widodo, Pujo (2023) - Keywords: National security, Environmental security, Human security, Laman Kinipan, PT Sawit Mandiri Lestari, Agrarian conflict 1. This research was conducted using interviews and literature studies with an analysis process using the theory of national security with sub- theories of environmental security and human security. Keywords: agrarian; conflict; environmental; human; indigenous; kinipan; laman; national; people; security
• Defensive walls: A neglected security strategy in northern Nigeria by Abdullahi Maigari, Muhammad (2023) - Israel erected security walls between itself and the West Bank and Egypt. Throughout history in different parts of the world, fortification walls have played an important role in the defense and security of cities, towns, and other settlements. Keywords: border; building; cities; city; countries; defense; fence; fortification; government; libya; middle; nigeria; security; towns; walls; world
• The new role of the Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) under proactive contribution to peace strategy by Badawi, Habib (2023) - This country occupied the Kuril Islands in northern Japan and has since turned them into a military reserve stronghold following the inhumane expulsion of its Japanese residents. [14] I. Takahashi, “Japan Passes Bills to Allow Troops to Fight in Overseas Wars”, Bloomberg, 2015. Keywords: defense; forces; international; japan; japanese; jsdf; law; military; peace; security; self; war
• Analysis of presidential regulations concerning cyber security to bolster defense policy management by Ramadhianto, Rizky; Toruan, Tahan Samuel Lumban; Kertopati, Susaningtyas Nefo Handayani; Almubaroq, Hikmat Zakky (2023) - These findings elaborate on the implementation of presidential regulations that concentrate on cyber crisis management and national cyber security strategy as a suitable and praiseworthy response to the constantly evolving cyber threats. National cyber security strategy Keywords: crisis; cyber; cybersecurity; defense; government; indonesia; management; national; policies; policy; regulations; security; threats
• Hezbollah and Russian intelligence collaboration: a complex nexus by Kanellopoulos, Anastasios-Nikolaos (2023) - This political presence grants Hezbollah significant influence in Lebanese politics, particularly within the Shiite community, and allows it to shape policies and decisions [9]. 94 Hezbollah and Russian intelligence collaboration: a complex nexus Anastasios-Nikolaos Kanellopoulos 1*, 1 Department of Business Administration, Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece *Corresponding author E-mail: ankanell@aueb.gr Received: Keywords: collaboration; east; hezbollah; influence; intelligence; lebanon; middle; ria; russia; security; support; vol
• Enhancing awareness of cyber crime: A crucial element in confronting the challenges of hybrid warfare In Indonesia by Azzani, Ihsania Karin; Adi Purwantoro, Susilo; Zakky Almubarok, Hikmat (2024) - 4. Conclusions The conclusion that can be drawn reminds us that increasing cyber security awareness will play an important role in implementing national defense strategy policies as stipulated in Minister of National Defense Regulation Number 14 of 2023 if it is implemented effectively from cyber crime awareness starting with Educational Programs and Skill Development so as to provide benefits for individuals and the Indonesian state and its stakeholders. 3. Results and discussion 3.1 Increased cyber threat awareness Digital awareness is very important in preventing cybercrime, in this digital era, internet users must strengthen digital literacy to avoid cybercrime, that this shows the importance of digital awareness in dealing with threats in cyberspace, increased internet usage has led to a significant increase in cybercrime, so knowledge and learning about cybersecurity awareness is very important. Keywords: awareness; cyber; cybercrime; cybersecurity; defense; indonesia; management; national; security; threats; vol; warfare
• Insider threat mitigation through human intelligence and counterintelligence: A case study in the shipping industry by Kanellopoulos, Anastasios-Nikolaos (2024) - In addition to illuminating the underlying motivations, our study seeks to identify and elucidate behavioral indicators crucial for the detection and mitigation of potential insider threats. Techniques such as employee interviews, psychological assessments, social network analysis, and trust-building initiatives are deployed synergistically to proactively identify and mitigate potential insider threats. Keywords: counterintelligence; humint; insider; insider threats; intelligence; motivations; organizations; potential; security; threats; vol
• The changing contours of insecurity in Katsina: A threat assessment by Abdullahi Maigari, Muhammad (2024) - Level of security threats 2.1 Causes of insecurity There are multiple causal factors of security challenges in different places in the world. Current security challenge in Katsina state Local Government Areas of the State are categorized based on their level of security threats or challenges (Fig. 1). Keywords: areas; challenges; government; groups; katsina; nigeria; parts; security; state; threats; trafficking
• Security considerations for smartphone devices by Mušinbegović, Almina ; Alijagic, Harun ; Hrnjic, Amer ; Abd Almisreb, Ali (2024) - In the paper, the ways in which smartphone devices are designed to be secure are investigated. Vulnerabilities There exist several types of vulnerabilities that have been described in smartphone devices Keywords: access; attacks; data; device; information; mobile; security; smartphone; system; user; vol
• Review of Wireless Sensor Network security by Elfarahati, Jusuf ; Pašić, Tarik; Kurtanović, Emir; Ferhatović, Admir; Šabotić, Ermin; Abd Almisreb, Ali (2025) - There are many aspects of security requirements when it comes to wireless sensor network security. This intrinsic element conveys an incredible challenge to wireless sensor network security too. Keywords: attacks; communication; data; information; key; network; node; security; sensor; sensor networks; system; time; vol; wireless

• Quality management research trends in context of Industry 4.0: A short review by Rudalija, Benjamin (2021) - Even the strategic plan can be done using the simulation models which can help to make dynamic plan for different production systems. One of the main reasons why Austria is so good is that they are “forcing” interplay between different industries. Keywords: companies; data; development; i4.0; industry; manufacturing; production; quality; system; vol
• Impact of Industry 4.0 on Aerospace and Defense Systems by Tabaković, Nedim; Durakovic, Benjamin (2021) - Digital illiteracy of company owners As a lot of companies are owned by corporation which is digitally illiterate, most attempts of implementing new technologies at such companies result in failure. This program is built for aircraft companies to research new technologies and develop better strategies to be able to fulfill all customer demand. Keywords: aerospace; companies; company; data; defense; digital; digitalization; industry; information; internet; manufacturing; reality; systems; technologies; technology; things; vol
• Concept of Military Asset Management System in Indonesian Armed Forces by Azhar, Zairullah Azhar; Sri Setiani, Wahyu ; Ramadhani Runtu, Khevinadya ; Yogaswara, Y. H. (2022) - The literature review method and the interviews were used to obtain data and analyze to describe or explain the phenomenon of problems with the Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) and Military Asset Management system (MAMs) in supporting the operation of the Alutsista Indonesian National Armed Forces. 101 Concept of Military Asset Management System (MAMs) in Indonesian National Armed Forces Zairullah Azhar1*, Wahyu Sri Setiani2, Khevinadya Ramadhani Runtu3, Y. H. Yogaswara4 1,2,3,4Faculty of Defense Technology, Weaponry Technology Department, Indonesian Defense University, Indonesia *Corresponding author E-mail: zairullah.azhar@tp.idu.ac.id1 Received: Nov. 11, 2022 Revised: Dec. 1, 2022 Accepted: Dec. 1, 2022 Online: Dec. 5, 2022 Keywords: asset; data; indonesian; maintenance; management; military; system
• Collaboration between the population and civil registry service with 0707/Wonosobo District Military Command fulfillment of children's rights through child identity card by Salsabilla, Selfira; Deksino, George Royke ; Hadisancoko, Rizerius Eko ; Putri, Ade Surya Prabandari ; Baihaqy, Zean Elhamas ; Sofiana, Titin ; Kusumawati, Devi (2023) - Employees are very proficient in carrying out their duties and serving the community in Child Identity Card services according to established rules. This collaboration shows a significant increase in participation in Child Identity Card services, as evidenced by the achievement of 540 Child Identity Card services in 30 days, whereas if there was no collaboration, only up to 60 cards [14]. Keywords: card; child; child identity; children; data; identity; population; regency; wonosobo
• Advancing sustainable development goals in aerospace industry through Industry 5.0 by Srivastava, Sachin; Dhasmana, Abhay; Rana, Aditya; Satheesh, Ankitha ; Lipidharan, K; Rawat, Vineet; Yadav, Shivam (2025) - SDGs adopted by manufacturing industries mean a transformation toward responsible production practices in order to reduce the consumption of resources and their resultant negative impact on the environment. [10-11]. 1.3 Role of Industry 5.0 in aerospace manufacturing Industry 5.0 (Fig. 2) was the birth of a new era in sustainable manufacturing by bringing human creativity, AI, and smart technologies together to produce systems that focus on efficiency and environmental responsibility. Keywords: aerospace; data; development; human; industry; maintenance; manufacturing; predictive; production; sustainability; systems; vol
• Detection of extrasolar planet WASP-10b by differential photometry using amateur optics by Catovic, Alan; Jasarevic, Dzan (2025) - Calibration of star images with bias, dark, and flat frames was performed in software. Taking at least several hundred astrophotographic images of each candidate star, which will be used to analyze the brightness of the star for a certain time period (planet transit period). Keywords: data; exoplanet; flux; images; light; parameters; photometry; planet; radius; star; telescope; time; transit; vol; wasp-10b

• Perspectives and the role of Bosnian defense industry in national innovation system by Durakovic, Benjamin; Trgo, Erwin (2020) - 26 Perspectives and the role of Bosnian defense industry in national innovation system Benjamin Durakovic1, Erwin Trgo2 1 Industrial and Mechanical Engineering, International University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2 Mechanical Engineering, International University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina *Corresponding author: bdurakovic@ius.edu.ba © The Author 2020. It was observed that Bosnian defense industry has potential to be one of the key players of the national innovation system through which the national R&D output would make notable positive impact on the national economic performances. Keywords: bosnia; defense; development; industry; market; products; r&d; spending; systems; trends; world
• Inventory woes and logistic bottlenecks: operational challenges in the SCM of the Indian defense sector by Sharma, Sandeep; Chaurasiya, Ravi; Mohite, Rohit; Akre, Sandesh (2025) - Conclusions This study, grounded in secondary data analysis, provides a synthesized view of the evolving landscape of supply chain management in the Indian defense sector. [9] S. Bhattacharya, Supply chain management and logistics: Indian practices and perspective, Research Reinforcement, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. Keywords: chain; challenges; defense; indian; inventory; logistics; management; practices; scm; supply; supply chain; systems; training; vol
• The evolution of warfare from conventional to a digital battlefield: an analysis of cyber technology and artificial intelligence in the Lebanese-Israel conflicts by Khalifeh, Sereina (2025) - This ability to mobilize and manipulate enemies’ military infrastructure and attack financial networks remotely can make cyber warfare one of the most powerful and unpredictable aspects of modern military conflict. Whereas the Cyber deterrence theory [22] provides a different layer of interpretation, where the logic of escalation and retaliation in digital warfare is considered. Keywords: battlefield; conflict; cyber; hezbollah; israel; lebanon; military; online; operations; power; systems; technology; warfare
• Review of design parameters and optical characteristics of main types of amateur telescopes by Catovic, Alan; Jasarevic, Dzan (2025) - This study incorporates a curated selection of these resources, with over 150 references reviewed to ensure a comprehensive understanding of current trends and foundational concepts in telescope design. Cheng in his book [1] offers a comprehensive exploration of telescope design across the electromagnetic spectrum, including radio, infrared, optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths. Keywords: aberration; air; amateur; cassegrain; catadioptric; coma; corrector; design; dss; field; fig; glass; image; lens; light; making; maksutov; mirror; optics; performance; pp.49; primary; quality; schmidt; secondary; sky; systems; telescope; telescope design; vol

• Analysis of importance priority to be studied on igniter system of 450 caliber X rocket by Zaldiansyah, A.; Widianto, N.; Yogaswara, Y. H.; Ruyat, Y. (2022) - 130 Analysis of importance priority to be studied on igniter system of 450 caliber X rocket A. Zaldiansyah1*, N. Widianto2, Y. H. Yogaswara3, Y. Ruyat4 1,2,3,4 Faculty of Defense Technology, Indonesia Defense University, Indonesia *Corresponding author E-mail: zaldi.msn@gmail.com Received: Nov. 28, 2022 Revised: Dec. 29, 2022 List of Requirements (LOR) Instruments User Requirements Urgency Power supply Electric current requirement of 1 Ampere and voltage requirement of 20 Volt 4 Switch connector An emergency system is needed in the electrical panel box to be able to immediately cut off the current when something unexpected happens 5 Cable Proper cable are needed for 1 Ampere and 20 Volts, and have low resistance so that the time delay in igniter operation can be cut 4 Grounding The grounding system required when operating the igniter is integrated with the firing system, and is expected to have a minimal resistance value, so that the static electricity contained in the wiring can be wasted towards ground 3 Casing The main casing needs are the Melting Point of 600°C, the distribution of combustion is even, and the casing melts instantly 5 Squib It takes a squib that has a long shelf life, and is not easily oxidized at room temperature 3 Squib Explosives Requires high calorific value, low flameability 4 Propellant Material It requires a high calorific value, with the same flameability as that produced by an igniter flame 4 Igniter explosives Requires high calorific value, low flameability 4 Description for Table 1: • Score 1: Not important. Keywords: igniter; rocket; score; squib; system; value
• Potential utilization of the weapon system tank boat in strengthening the defense of Indonesia as a maritime country by Nugraha, Agus; Ruyat, Yayat; Purwantoro, Susilo Adi (2022) - The concept of ship design is the designer's task to define an object to fulfill mission requirements and comply with existing constraints/problems. The contract design stage is an advanced stage after the preliminary design stage, namely the development stage of ship design in a more detailed form that allows shipbuilders to understand the ship to be built and accurately estimate all shipbuilding costs. Keywords: boat; defense; design; development; indonesia; method; research; ship; system; tank; tank boat; weapon
• Research on design and implementation of innovative UGV modular platform in mine action programs by Ćosić, Dženan; Ćatović, Alan; Delić, Muamer; Mujkić, Jasna (2025) - UGV systems in firefighting are not a new concept; robotic UGV systems of smaller dimensions have been used over the past decade, primarily as firefighting tools directly connected to a water hose supplied by a fire truck. However, another crucial factor that justifies the use of mechanical demining systems, especially in terrains with demanding topography, is their economic efficiency. Keywords: demining; design; efficiency; figure; ground; modular; module; operations; platform; power; system; ugv; ugvs; vehicle; vol

• Review of Indonesian government policy in procurement plan of Dassault Rafale fighter aircraft by Wardana, Achmad; Cahyana, Taufik Budi; Tahdi, Hudoro; Yogaswara, Y. H. (2022) - If it is assumed that the purchase of Rafale fighter aircraft is in accordance DSS Vol. 3, 2022, pp.50-57 53 with the plan, then the combat power of the Indonesian air force will increase from 461 units to 503 units of defense equipment. This study aims to examine government policies in the plan to procure Dassault Rafale fighter aircraft for Indonesia. Keywords: aircraft; dassault; defense; fighter; fighter aircraft; force; government; indonesia; plan; rafale; technology; transfer
• Indonesia's role in the G20 presidency during the conflict between Russia and Ukraine by Purwati, Ria; Zakky Almubaroq, Hikmat ; Saptono, Edy (2023) - G20 Indonesia consists of various meetings that will be held in several cities in Indonesia. [10] Martono et al, Indonesia 2022 G20 Summit: Russia Vs Ukraine War, Security and Gender, Purbalingga: CV. Keywords: conflict; countries; g20; g20 presidency; indonesia; presidency; russia; ukraine; world
• Force development against irregular and hybrid warfare in Indonesia by Benyamin, Jefferson; Mualim, Much; Duarte, Editha Praditya (2023) - The threats that have emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic are irregular warfare and hybrid threats. The threats DSS Vol. 4, 2023, pp.46-51 47 that have emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic are irregular warfare [5] and hybrid threats Keywords: defense; development; indonesia; military; national; research; state; threats; warfare
• Formation of the TNI cyber force: A strategic and policy analysis by Sarjito, Aris (2024) - Keywords: BSSN; cyber security; national defense; synergy between institutions; TNI Cyber Force 1. This study focuses on the formation of the Indonesian National Army (TNI) Cyber Force as part of efforts to strengthen the country's cyber security in facing increasingly complex threats. Keywords: cyber; cyber force; cybersecurity; defense; force; indonesia; national; threats; tni; tni cyber

• Industry 4.0 and Smart cities: State-of-the-art by Becic, Amel (2021) - It was found that application of artificial intelligence within smart city industry will continue to grow in future as one of the main industry fields. One of the reasons why smart city industry is booming is because there is a big rise of people living in urban areas and they all present the possible residents (As shown in figure 1) [ 64]. Keywords: applications; areas; cities; city; development; future; industry; information; int; research; smart; things; urban; vol

• Perturbed T-shaped patch antenna with slits and a floating metal for 5G by Terovic, Erol; Imeci, Sehabeddin Taha (2022) - [19] D. Alvarez Outerelo, A. V. Alejos, M. Garcia Sanchez, and M. Vera Isasa, “Microstrip antenna for 5G broadband communications: Overview of design issues,” IEEE Xplore, pp. Microstrip patch antennas are a great option for sub-6 Ghz uses, owning to their superb RF and MW characteristics. Keywords: antenna; design; ghz; microstrip; patch; results
• A 41% bandwidth microstrip patch antenna by Imeci, Mehmet Yusuf; Imeci, Sehabeddin Taha; Dasbasi, Ramazan (2023) - All in all, microstrip patch antennas are a great companion to be coupled with 5G applications [3] A. Al-Gburi, “Wideband microstrip patch antenna for sub 6 GHz and 5G applications,” Prz. Elektrotech., vol. 1, no. 11, pp. Keywords: antenna; design; figure; ghz; patch; vol
• Sub-6GHz hand pump shaped microstrip antenna for 5G communication by Ahmetović, Adnan; Taha Imeci, Şehabeddin; Tütüncü, Bilal (2024) - [5] M. Rastogi, “Design and analysis of microstrip patch antenna for different applications”, Int. [12] S. Rafi, “Gain enhancement of microstrip patch antenna by using novel air substrate with U-slotted patch,” Rev. Gest. Keywords: antenna; design; ghz; microstrip; s11; vol

• Analysis of the influence of 5.56 mm projectile shape on drag coefficient using CFD by Sabanovic, Tarik (2021) - Although all observed projectiles consist of a front part, a cylindrical part and a rear part, on projectiles SS109 and M855 the rear part have the shape of a bevelled cone and on projectiles L110 and M856 the rear part have the edged shape. The fourth section presents and describes the model of CFD analysis of 5.56 mm projectiles: SS109, M855, L110, and M856, and the comparison of projectiles by geometry. Keywords: coefficient; drag; drag coefficient; flow; l110; projectile
• Theoretical study on the sabot separation process of a sub-caliber projectile fired from rifled guns by Xuan Son, Bui ; Quang Tuan, Nguyen ; Hai Minh, Nguyen ; Van Dung, Doan (2024) - The initial friction force must be appropriately selected to ensure reliable sabot separation, on the one hand, and the integrity of the projectile on the other hand. In this research, to analyze the effect of the projectile muzzle velocity, we have investigated the sabot separation process with projectile muzzle velocity of 700 m/s, 680 m/s, 660 m/s, and 640 m/s. Keywords: figure; force; friction; penetrator; process; projectile; sabot; separation; velocity; vol
• The influence of projectile impact velocity and target characteristics on the terminal ballistics parameters of small-caliber projectile by Memic, Faris; Catovic, Alan (2024) - The influence of projectile impact velocity and target characteristics on the terminal ballistics parameters of small-caliber projectile Faris Memić1*, Alan Ćatović2 1 Defense Technologies Department, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2 Defense Technologies Department, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina *Corresponding author E-mail: farismemic04@gmail.com Received: Jun. 5, 2024 Figure 9 shows a graph of projectile exit velocity versus projectile impact velocity for numerical simulations and the Recht-Ipson model with obtained constants. Keywords: exit; figure; hardness; impact; material; model; numerical; penetration; projectile; simulation; steel; strength; target; velocity; vol
• Axial force coefficient of APFSDS projectile by Trakic, Ammar (2021) - By knowing the axial force (axial force coefficient), it is possible to predict the impact velocity of the projectile, by external ballistic calculation, in function of the distance of the target, and to define the maximum effective range from the aspect of terminal ballistics. Keywords: APFSDS, axial force coefficient, STANAG 4655 Ed.1, CFD, PRODAS 1. Keywords: coefficient 𝐶; figure; force; force coefficient; model; projectile; 𝐶 𝑆; 𝑆 𝑆
• An overview of Gurney method for estimating the initial velocities of fragments for high explosive munition by Catovic, Alan (2021) - The basic Gurney model for fragment initial velocity, that can be used for different munition configuration, is presented. When estimating fragment initial velocity for HE projectiles, the Gurney model and CAD techniques for modeling can be used (Fig. 4). Keywords: body; detonation; explosive; fragments; gurney; method; projectile; velocities; velocity

• Utilization of disused airfields of Bangladesh both during peace and war by Bhuiyan, Majidul (2022) - 58 Utilization of disused airfields of Bangladesh both during peace and war Majidul Haque Bhuiyan 1* 1 Department of Electrical and Computer Science Engineering, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh *Corresponding author E-mail: majidul.haque@northsouth.edu Received: Jun. 4, 2022 Disused airfields are the best option as construction of a completely new runway is highly expensive and land scarcity in the country would it even more difficult. Keywords: aircraft; airfields; baf; bangladesh; bhuiyan; country; operation; runway; squadron; time; traffic
• Minimum viable product: A robot solution to EOD operations by Bećirspahić, Hamza; Basarić, Haris; Namas, Tarik; Durakovic, Benjamin (2022) - Keywords: Explosive ordnance disposal, EOD robot, Ordnance, Robot testing, Minimum viable product, MVP 1. Since EOD robots are readily available on the market, some of the most popular are presented in Table 1. Keywords: authors; capacity; eod; reach; robot; speed; test; time
• Vulnerability analysis of critical infrastructures with the Event Tree Technique by Francesco Trinchillo (2025) - Event tree with possible attack scenarios For simplicity, but without losing its meaning, it is assumed that both the corporate security service and the police cannot make significant errors in the execution of their tasks and that their interventions are 100% effective (meaning they completely block attack action) and are also detectable within an exact time frame. Attack scenarios and event tree construction This study hypothesizes an intentional attack by a criminal group aimed at damaging the electrical substation systems that power the transmission line for high-speed trains (Tables 1 and 2). Keywords: analysis; arrest; attack; equipment; event; group; probability; scenario; time; yes

• Analysis of SPBE and SWCSF measurement instruments using Flesch Reading Ease for state security by Putri, Meylia Susiana Dewi; Gultom, Rudy AG; Wadjdi, Achmad Farid (2023) - Keywords: SPBE; SWCSF; Measurement instrument; Flesch reading ease; Digitalization 1. These problems can be prevented by measuring the level of cyber security and information and communication technology using measurement instruments. Keywords: ease; flesch; government; instrument; level; measurement; spbe; swcsf; table

• Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for measuring efficiency in the defense sector by Okromtchedlishvili, Ivan (2022) - -46,63% Defense Expenditure as a share of real GDP (%) 1,05 0,560393142 -0,489606858 -46,63% Military Personnel 25200 31646,37661 6446,376605 25,58% Military Strength Ranking (reversed) Four variables were retrieved from the open sources [28], [29], [30], [31]: two input variables - Defense Expenditure, Current prices and exchange rates US dollars for 2020; Defense Expenditure as a share of real GDP (%) for 2020; and two output variables - Military Personnel for 2020; and Military Strength Ranking for 2022 (reversed). Keywords: battalion; dea; defense; efficiency; expenditure; gdp; infantry; level; military; performance; personnel; program; ranking; share; units

• Review of modern military insensitive high explosives by Krnjic, Kerim (2021) - In the last twenty years, high energetic materials have changed significantly. The insensitive nature of TEX suggests that it could be a suitable alternative to TATB, NTO and RDX high performance explosives [5]. Keywords: ammunition; density; detonation; energy; explosive; impact; materials; new; performance; properties; rdx; sensitivity
• Laminar composite materials for unmanned aircraft wings by Utami, Mala; Ernest Sirait, Jonathan ; Budhi Septyanto, Beny ; Sudiarso, Aries; Putra Apriyanto, I Nengah (2022) - One of the basic aircraft components of concern in the application of composite material structures is the wing profile [6]. The use of UAV composite materials is different from that of general aviation vehicles, where most of the structures are made of aluminum and titanium in addition to carbon fiber composites. Keywords: carbon; composite; fiber; materials; matrix; sandwich; strength; structure; uav; wing
• The Concept of the defense material system for the security of Indonesian national armed personnel against threats: Material by Marpaung, Mahyaruddin; Aritonang, Sovian (2023) - The most recent composite material to be developed for vehicle armor body materials is sandwich structure polymer composite material. This study's goal is to advance knowledge about composite material body armor that is covered with a soft spall liner material, which can be used as a model for lightweight, affordable, and safe designs for military troops in times of conflict. Keywords: armor; body; composite; fiber; liner; materials; performance; protection; spall; threat; vol
• Recent developments in ballistics by Camci, Erdal; Findik, Fehim (2025) - In Table 3, projectile materials comparison is given for high-speed kinetic penetrators, hypersonic vehicles, and railgun slugs. Here, we will examine the general materials as projectile materials, armor materials, cannon materials, and thermal protection materials [3], [4], [5]. Keywords: ammunition; applications; armor; ballistics; bullets; healing; impact; materials; numerical; projectiles; research; self; table; use; vol

• Numerical simulations of the formation behavior of explosively formed projectiles by Salkičević, Minel (2022) - Penetrator velocity of EFP with a casing made of aluminum (Autodyn) [8] Table 1 shows the characteristics of the materials used (steel and aluminum), as well as the difference in penetrator velocities after 100 µs (t=100 µs). Keywords: figure; liner; penetrator; thickness; velocity

• Increasing cultural intelligence for military troops and civilian officers serving in the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) by Zordi, Furqan Abdul Rais; Sumantri, Siswo Hadi; Madjid, M. Adnan (2022) - [23] UN, Security Council Extends Mandate for United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in Democratic Republic of Congo, Unanimously Adopting Resolution 2612 (2021), 20 December 2021. Obstacles in the MONUSCO mission The United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) is a United Nations peacekeeping force in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) DSS Vol. 3, 2022, pp.67-73 70 created by the United Nations Security Council in resolutions 1279 (1999) and 1291 (2000) to monitor the Second Congo War peace process. Keywords: conflict; congo; democratic; democratic republic; intelligence; mission; monusco; peacekeeping; republic; vol; war

• Research on the problem of landmines and explosive remnants of war worldwide and methods of demining by Cosic, Dzenan; Catovic, Alan (2024) - Most effective methods for detection and removal of mines and unexploded ordnance (UXO) Mine detection is the process of locating and identifying the presence of landmines or other explosive devices on land, in water, or elsewhere. As technology advances, new methods and approaches in mine detection are continually developed, incorporating diverse sensor methods. Keywords: anti; areas; clearance; demining; detection; figure; flail; ground; landmines; machines; methods; mines; personnel; tank; uxo; vol

• Turbulent flow height measurement with stereo vision by Jašarević, Ajdin; Hočevar, Marko; Rak, Gašper (2021) - High speed camera photo (left) and 3D model (right) The following equation states the condition for the occurrence of critical quantities of water flow, by means of which the critical depth can be calculated [1]: Keywords: cameras; channel; confluence; figure; flow; mesh; model; software; water

• The concept of stealth Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle (UCAV) to support air defense systems by Mustopa, Opa (2022) - The following is a graphic illustration of the difference in RCS values on conventional aircraft with aircraft that have stealth. This X-band radar is a type of radar commonly used in the military world to detect military aircraft, including aircraft with stealth technology that are still within the range of this radar. Keywords: aircraft; defense; radar; rcs; saccon; ucav; value

• Potential of natural fiber composite materials for bulletproof vest applications by Aminudin, Ilham Rizqi; Aritonang, Sovian (2023) - 8 Potential of natural fiber composite materials for bulletproof vest applications Ilham Rizqi Aminudin1*, Sovian Aritonang2 1,2 In Indonesia glass fiber material is still obtained from abroad. Keywords: bulletproof; composite; fiber; material; nij; specimen; standard

• Yesterday, today, tomorrow; environmental refugees by Yenigun , İbrahim; Balcı, Vildan; Yenigun , Abdullah ; Uyanik, Sinan (2023) - Reasons for environmental refugee It is predicted that environmental refugees, which are one of the consequences of rapidly accelerating environmental problems and are expected to reach global dimensions, may become a large-scale problem that will concern the whole world in the near future. Although wars and economic concerns are among the main causes, environmental problems have been one of the reasons that should be accepted in today's world. Keywords: climate; context; countries; environmental; migration; people; problems; refugees; social; vol

• Biodefense against Abrin and Ricin as bioterrorism agents - a virtual screening of Indonesian plant medicinal properties by Melati, Leni Tria; Siahaan, Timbul ; Putra Apriyanto, I Nengah (2022) - Virtual screening against abrin Based on the results of abrin virtual screening, it is known that procyanidin B4, ursolic acid, Corilagin, Vulgarin, and Gliberelic Acid have the best potential as inhibitor. 2D visualization in LigPlot + 2.2 (by EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute) to show the interaction between abrin and (a) procyanidin B4; (b) ursolic acid; (c) corilagin; (d) vulgarine; and (e) glibberellic acid as virtual screening result using AutoDock Vina. Keywords: abrin; acid; biodefense; compounds; pubchem; results; ricin; screening; vol

• Estimation of internal ballistic parameters for the 107 mm rocket motor conceptual design by Subotic, Ilma (2024) - Abstract The demand for solid propellant rocket motors does not seem to fade, regardless of constant improvements in rocket technology. Solid propellant rocket motors fall under the group of chemical rocket motors that represent a generator in which potential chemical force first converts into thermal energy of developed combustion gases, which further converts into the projectile’s kinetic energy by gas expansion through the nozzle. Keywords: burning; grain; motor; nozzle; propellant; rocket; 𝑅 −

• Start-ups in camouflage: the convergence of MSMEs, innovation, and Indian defense needs by Mohite, Rohit; Chaurasiya, Ravi; Sharma, Sandeep ; Akre, Sandesh (2025) - [37] M. Lal, S. Sinha, Defense MSMEs: Operational Challenges and Opportunities, Journal of Defence Studies, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 45-58, 2022. Keywords: MSMEs, Indian defense sector, start-ups, defense innovation, Make in India, Atmanirbhar Bharat, DIO, dual-use technology, defense procurement. Keywords: defense; india; innovation; msmes; online; policy; procurement; research; sector; start; ups; vol

Epilogue

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Created: 2025-12-22