ISSN 1978 - 3728Volume 45 Number 1 March 2012 Editorial Board of dEntal Journal (MaJalah KEdoKtEran GiGi) SK: 52/H3.1.2/KD/2011 May 2nd, 2011 – May 2nd, 2013 Patron: Dean of Faculty of Dentistry Airlangga University advisors: Vice Dean I, Vice Dean II, Vice Dean III Chief Editor: Ketut Suardita, drg.,Ph.d., Sp.KG. (Conservative Dentistry – Airlangga University) Editorial Boards: Prof. r.M. Coen Pramono d, drg., Su., Sp.,BM (Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery – Airlangga University); Prof. dr. M. rubianto, drg., MS., Sp.Perio (Periodontic – Airlangga University); Prof. nairn hutchinson fulton Wilson, MSc., Ph.d., fdS (Conservative Dentistry - University of Guy’s Dental School, London); Prof. W.J. Spitzer, dMd., Md (Head Department of Cranio & Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Hamburg University, Germany); Prof. Edward C. Combe, MSc., Ph.d., ddSc (Biomaterial – Minnesota University, U.S.A); Prof. Madya. h. aB. rani Samsudin, ddS., fdSrC, aM (Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - University Sains, Malaysia); Prof. Widowati Witjaksono, ddS., Ph.d (Kulliyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia); Prof. taizo hamada, ddS., Ph.d (Prosthodontic - University of Hiroshima, Japan); Prof. Yukio Kato, ddS., Ph.d. (Oral Bio Chemistry-University of Hiroshima, Japan); Prof. Kozai Katsuyuki, ddS., Ph.d (Pediatric Dentistry – University of Hiroshima, Japan); Prof. dr. a.G.M. tielens (Medical Microbiology – University and Infections Diseases – Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands); Prof. lakshman Samaranayake (Oral Microbiology – The University of Hongkong); Kok Van Kesel (Medical Microbiology – University and Infections Diseases – Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands); dr. leslie ang (Restorative Dentistry – National Dental Centre of Singapore); Prof. dr. M. Suharsini, drg., MS., Sp.KGa (Pediatric Dentistry - Universitas Indonesia); achmad Gunadi, drg., MS., Ph.d (Prosthodontic - Universitas Negeri Jember) Managing Editors: Prof. dr. arifzan razak, drg., MSc., Sp.Pros (Prosthodontica – Airlangga University); Prof. dr. latief Mooduto, drg., M.S., Sp.KG (Conservative Dentistry – Airlangga University); Prof. dr. Mieke Sylvia M.a.r., drg., MS., Sp.ort (Orthodontic – Airlangga University); Prof. dr. istiati Soehardjo, drg., MS (Oral Biology – Airlangga University); Prof. dr. anita Yuliati, drg., M.Kes (Dental Material – Airlangga University); Prof. Seno Pradopo, drg, Su., Ph.d., Sp.KGa (Pediatric Dentistry – Airlangga University); Prof. dr. diah Savitri Ernawati, drg., M.Si (Oral Medicine – Airlangga University); thalca i. agusni, drg., MhPEd., Ph.d., Sp.ort (Orthodontic – Airlangga University); dr. r. darmawan Setijanto, drg., M.Kes (Dental Public Health – Airlangga University); dr. Elly Munadziroh, drg., MS (Dental Material – Airlangga University); Priyawan rachmadi, drg., Ph.d (Dental Material – Airlangga University); udijanto tedjosasongko, drg., Ph.d., Sp.KGa (Pediatric Dentistry – Airlangga University); dr. retno Pudji rahayu, drg., M.Kes (Oral Biology – Airlangga University); dr. Eha renwi astuti, drg., M.Kes (Dental Radiology – Airlangga University); Bagus Soebadi, drg., MhPEd (Oral Medicine – Airlangga University); Endang Pudjirochani, drg., MS., Sp.Pros (Prosthodontic – Airlangga University); Markus Budi rahardjo, drg., M.Kes (Oral Biology – Airlangga University); Susy Kristiani, drg., M.Kes (Oral Biology – Airlangga University); ira Widjiastuti, drg., M.Kes., Sp.KG (Conservative Dentistry – Airlangga University); Sianiwati Goenharto, drg., MS (Orthodontic – Airlangga University); devi rianti, drg., M.Kes (Dental Material – Airlangga University); dr. Chiquita Prahasanti, drg., Sp.Perio(K) (Periodontic – Airlangga University); rostiny, drg., M.Kes., Sp.Pros (Prosthodontic – Airlangga University); an’nissa Chusida, drg., M.Kes (Oral Biology – Airlangga University); Eric Priyo Prasetyo, drg., Sp.KG (Conservative Dentistry – Airlangga University); Els Sunarsih Budipramana, drg., MS., Sp.KGa(K) (Pediatric Dentistry – Airlangga University); hendrik Setiabudi, drg., M.Kes (Oral Biology – Airlangga University); otty ratna Wahyuni, drg., M.Kes (Dental Radiology – Airlangga University); anis irmawati, drg., M.Kes (Oral Biology – Airlangga University); Yuliati, drg., M.Kes (Oral Biology – Airlangga University); retno Palupi, drg., M.Kes (Dental Public Health – Airlangga University); Eka augustina, drg., Sp.Perio (Periodontica – Airlangga University); febriastuti, drg., Sp.KG (Conservative Dentistry – Airlangga University); Mega M. Puteri, drg., Sp.KGa (Pediatric Dentistry – Airlangga University) administrative assistant: novi dian Prastiwi (Faculty of Dentistry – Airlangga University) thanks to editor in duty of dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 no. 1 March 2012: Sudarjani Gunawan, drg., MS., Sp.KG (Conservative Dentistry – Airlangga University) Editorial address c/o: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Airlangga Jln. Mayjen. Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47 Surabaya 60132, INDONESIA Telp. (062-31) 5039478/5030255. Fax. (031) 5039478/5020256 E-mail: dental_journal@yahoo.com Website: www.journal.unair.ac.id www.dentj.fkg.unair.ac.id Accredited No. 83/DIKTI/Kep/2009 Design cover photo by Setyabudi, drg., MARS., Sp.KG ContEntS Page Printed by: Airlangga University Press. (048/03.12/AUP-B5E). Kampus C Unair, Jln. Mulyorejo Surabaya 60115, Indonesia. Telp. (031) 5992246, 5992247, Telp./Fax. (031) 5992248. E-mail: aupsby@rad.net.id. Ijin penerbit: No. 0787/SK/Dir. PK/SIT/1969. Accredited No. 48/DIKTI/Kep/2006. Volume 45 Number 1 March 2012 ISSN 1978 - 3728 1. Immediate overdenture for improving aesthetic of anterior teeth with periodontal problem fX. ady Soesetijo ............................................................................................................................. 1–5 2. Orthodontic treatment considerations in Down syndrome patients Sianiwati Goenharto ........................................................................................................................ 6–11 3. The effective concentration of red betel leaf (Piper crocatum) infusion as root canal irrigant solution fani Pangabdian, Slamet Soetanto, and Ketut Suardita .............................................................. 12–16 4. Degrees of chitosan deacetylation from white shrimp shell waste as dental biomaterials Sularsih, anita Yuliati, and Coen Pramono d ............................................................................... 17–21 5. Antimicrobial effect of chlorine dioxide on Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in diabetes mellitus rats treated with insulin tantin Ermawati and Kwartarini Murdiastuti ............................................................................. 22–27 6. Genetic variability of Candida albicans in HIV/AIDS patient with and without ARV therapy and non HIV/AIDS retno Puji rahayu, Widiyanti P, and arfijanto M ....................................................................... 28–34 7. Relationship between salivary fluor concentration and caries index in 12–15 years old children Vidyana Pratiwi, dudi aripin, and ame Suciati Setiawan ........................................................... 35–38 8. Crude toxin of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotype-B increase PARP-1 expression in gingival epithelium Ernie Maduratna Setiawatie ........................................................................................................... 39–42 9. Effectiveness of bleaching agent on composite resin discoloration Galih Sampoerno ............................................................................................................................ 43–47 10. Analysis of importance level and quality achievement aspect in dental health service (A case study on Waru Sidoarjo Community Dental Health Service) taufan Bramantoro and retno Palupi .......................................................................................... 48–51 11. Effect of Robusta coffee beans ointment on full thickness wound healing Yorinta Putri Kenisa, istiati, and Wisnu Setyari J ....................................................................... 52–57