Subjects Index Volume 54 3% binahong extract gel, 57 Aesthetic zone, 160 Aloe vera 90% gel, 124 Angle’s classification of malocclusion, 96 Anthropometry, 96 Anticancer, 210 Antifungal, 82 Antioxidant, 87 Asymmetry, 21 BAG, 165 Binahong, 57 Biofilm, 63 Bitewing radiographs, 35 Bleaching, 87 Bone graft, 11 tissue engineering, 68 Bovine hydroxyapatite, 11 Calcium hydroxide, 174, 181 Candida albicans, 82 Canine rotation, 174 Capsaicin, 210 Carbohydrate intake, 46 Carbonated hydroxyapatite, 16 Caries, 165 Cephalometric, 200 X-ray, 128 Children, 205 Chinese student, 132 Chitosan-hydroxyapatite scaffold, 68 Class II, 216 Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P), 108 Cobb’s angle, 74 Compressive strength, 195 Couple force, 174 Covid tongue, 155 Covid-19, 155 CPP–ACP, 165 Cultivation, 39 DAI, 205 Demineralisation, 78 Dental caries prevention, 113 implant, 160 trauma, 1 Derotation, 174 Deutero-Malayid, 96 Diabetes, 137 Digital radiograph, 21 Dimensional stability, 195 DMF-T index, 46 Edentulous, 160 Educational game, 5 Effectiveness, 25 Elderly, 31 Electrosurgery, 169 Enamel, 165 hardness, 78 roughness, 78 Endodontic infection, 174, 181 Enterococcus faecalis, 181 Eruption, 137 Expansion, 39 Facial height proportion, 96 Family history, 108 FFQ, 46 Fibroblast, 190 Fluoride, 165 Formula milk, 113 G330T, 216 Gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells, 39 Glucosyltransferase enzyme, 186 Height, 200 HIV/AIDS, 82 Home visits, 25 HSC-3 cell, 150 Human & health, 160 amniotic mesenchymal stem cells, 68 Hydroxyapatite, 119 gypsum puger, 11 Hypoxia, 68 Idiopathic scoliosis, 74 Immediate placement, 160 Imperata cylindrica, 150 Indonesia, 216 Inflammatory cells, 190 Intracanal medicament, 181 Lactoferrin, 113 Lateral photograph, 132 MALDI-TOF MS, 52 Malocclusion, 143, 205 Mandible deviation, 74 Mandibular, 21 Masseter muscle, 143 Maxillary sinus, 200 Medicine, 186 Micro-computed tomography, 11 Micronucleus, 128 Mild disability, 25 Milk formula, 78 Moringa oleifera, 63 Mother-child pairs, 52 MTT assay, 150 Multifactorial, 108 Nance appliance, 174 n-HAP, 165 Nigella sativa, 181 NSF, 165 Obesity, 46 Occlusal characteristics, 92 Occlusion, 92 OFI, 205 Operculectomy, 169 Oral cancer, 150 health care, 155 hygiene index simplified, 5 hygiene, 221 Orthodontic indices, 205 OSCC, 210 Osteoblasts, 119 Osteoclasts, 119 Osteocytes, 119 P. gingivalis, 63 Paediatric, 102 Panoramic X-ray, 128 Parents/caregivers, 25 PCR, 52 Pediatric, 169 Peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase, 221 Pericoronitis, 169 Periodontal ligament stem cells, 39 Periodontitis, 16 Persea americana Mill.,190 PMN count, 124 Polychromatic erythrocyte cell, 128 Polymorphism, 216 Pomegranate extract, 87 Portunus pelagicus, 119 Posterior crossbite unilateral, 143 Premature loss, 102 Prevalence, 1 Preventive, 102 Primary dentition, 92 Proliferation rate, 39 Promotion of oral health, 25 Propolis, 16, 63, 221 extract, 186 Quality images, 35 Recurrence, 108 Reminder sticker, 5 Remineralisation, 78, 165 Residual socket volume, 57 rs59983488, 216 Runx2, 216 Salivary volume; 31 zinc, 31 School, 25 students, 1 Scratch assay, 150 Second molar, 169 sEMG, 143 Setting time, 195 Sex estimation, 200 Shear bond strength, 87 Silicone, 35 Slurry water, 195 Socket healing, 57 Soft tissue profile analysis, 132 Space maintainer, 102 management, 102 Sterilized milk, 113 Streptococcus mutans, 52, 186 Susceptibility and resistance, 82 Taste disorder, 31 TCP, 165 Temporal muscle, 143 Terminal plane relationships, 92 Tetracycline, 63 Thymoquinone, 137 Tooth extraction, 57, 124 socket healing, 190 Tooth, 137 Type 1 collagen, 16 III gypsum, 195 Vertical, 21 Whey protein, 113 Width, 200 Wound healing, 124 Authors Index Volume 54 Aisy, Aulia Rohadatul, 96 Anggraini, Laelia Dwi, 102 Aniowati, Fitri, 210 Ariesanti, Yessy, 190 Astuti, Eha Renwi, 128 Aulianisa, Rona, 200 Effendi, Muhammad Chair, 5 Hanafiah, Olivia Avriyanti , 57 Irianti, Amaliyah Nur, 78 Jazaldi, Fadli, 216 Kamadjaja, Michael Josef Kridanto, 68, 119 Kunarti, Sri, 165 Kurniawan, Hansen, 63 Kusumawardani, Banun, 39 Kusumawati, Indi, 16 Lubis, Hilda Fitria, 132, 205 Luthfiani, L., 113 Marsetyo, Riyan Iman, 186 Moorthy, Kirubanandan Sathya, 21 Nainggolan, Chindy Fransiska Br, 195 Naini, Amiyatun, 11 Noor, Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad, 169 Oetomo, Kimberly Clarissa, 74 Padmanabhan, Vivek, 92 Permatasari, Dewi Kania Intan, 31 Prativi, Shinta Amini, 35 Qotrunnada, Salsabila, 137 Raisah, Putri, 25 Rezeki, Sri, 82 Roeslan, Moehamad Orliando, 150 Sani, Imelia Arifatus, 221 Sari, Nila, 160 Setianingtyas, Dwi, 155 Setiawan, Ignatius, 46 Siregar, Yona Pricilia Anggi, 143 Sitasari, Putri Intan, 174 Soesilawati, Pratiwi, 124 Sosiawan, Agung, 108 Suratno, Indes Rosmalisa, 87 Tedjosasongko, Udijanto, 52 Younus, Mohamed Salim, 1 Zakaria, Myrna Nurlatifah, 181 Zubaidah, Nanik, 71 Guide for authors The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) publishes original articles on all aspects of dentistry and dental-related disciplines. Articles are considered for publication on condition that they have not been previously published or submitted for publication by other academic journals. Articles can be classified as original articles, case reports or review articles that inform readers about current issues, innovative cases and reviews in the field of dentistry. They should also promote scientific advancement, education and dental practice development. All manuscripts submitted to the journal must be written in English. Since manuscripts will be published in English, it is the author’s responsibility to ensure that the language of submitted material is of appropriate clarity and quality. Manuscripts must not exceed the maximum number of words, must not contain numbers in the form of figures and must be free of typing errors. Articles must be between ten and twelve pages in length. Manuscripts must be typed on a word processer and submitted in the form of a soft copy file. The obligatory Times New Roman font should be size 14 pt for the title and 12 pt for all other sections of text. Headlines should be written in bold type with any Latin names presented in italics. Manuscripts must be of A4 format typed with one and a half space between lines and a 2.5 cm (1 inch)-wide margin. Authors are strongly advised to follow the manuscript preparation guidelines provided below. All Original articles, Case reports, and Review articles must contain:  Title: brief, specific, informative and written in English. It must contain a maximum of ten words (not exceeding a total of 40 letters and spaces) with the first word starting with a capital letter.  Name(s) of Author(s): should include author(s)’ full name(s), mailing address(es) for proofs, name(s) and address(es) of the department(s) to which the work should be attributed listed sequentially using a number (1) symbol. Example: Jamal Bin Razak1, Matsuo Hamada2, Ninuk Hartati3 and Harold Whitfield4 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2 Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan 3 Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia 4 Department of Endodontics, School of Dental and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia  Abstract: a concise (maximum 250 words), one-paragraph description in English with single space formatting. Footnotes, references, and abbreviations are not to be included in the abstract.  The Abstract in Original articles should consist of a single paragraph containing Background:, Purpose:, Methods:, Results: and Conclusion: written in bold type.  The Abstracts in Case reports should consist of Background:, Purpose:, Case(s):, Case Management: and Conclusion: typed in bold within one paragraph.  The Abstracts in Review articles should be divided into Background:, Purpose:, Review:, and Conclusion: typed in bold within one paragraph.  Keywords: 3-5 words and/or a phrase must be provided below the abstract. Key standard scientific phrases or words must be provided in English. Each word/phrase in the keywords section should be separated by a semicolon (;).  Correspondence: details of the lead author with complete mailing and e-mail addresses (consisting of full name, name of institution, mailing address, telephone number, fax number and email address). Correspondence is followed by the following sections according to type of article (Original articles, Case reports, or Review articles) as follows: I. Contents in Original articles: The original articles should contain the following sections: introduction, materials and methods, and results.  Introduction: background to the problem, formulation and purpose of the work, case or review and prospects for future research. The rationale of the study is stated together with the main problem under investigation, any resulting findings and, finally, the references consulted.  Materials and Methods: clear description of materials consulted, experiments conducted and methods applied. These are deemed necessary to facilitate duplication of the research and re-assessment of its validity. Reference should be made to any novel methods employed. Research ethics relating to the use of animal and/or human subjects must also be outlined in accordance with academic convention.  Results: presented accurately and concisely in a logical sequence with the minimum number of tables and illustrations necessary to summarize the most important observations. Undue repetition of text and tables should be avoided. Tables must be presented horizontally (without vertical line separation) to facilitate understanding of their content. Calculation results should be reported in SI units. Mathematical Equations should be clearly expressed. Mathematical symbols unavailable on computer keyboards may be hand-written using a soft lead pencil. Decimal numbers should be identifiable by the appropriate location of a decimal point (.). Tables, illustrations, and photographs should be cited consecutively within, but presented separately to, the manuscript text. Titles and detailed explanations of figures should appear in the legends corresponding to illustrations (figures, graphs) rather than within the illustrations themselves. All non-standard abbreviations used must be explained in the footnotes. II. Contents in Case Reports: The case reports should contain the following sections: introduction, case(s), and case management.  Introduction: outlines the background and formulation of the problem, the purpose of the work, case or review and prospects for the future. The rationale for the study is stated, a number of references identified and the main problem and unusual clinical cases highlighted or the use of cutting-edge technology in a clinical case.  Case(s): contains a clear and detailed description of the case(s) presented, including: anamnesis and clinical examinations. The specific system of tooth nomenclature: Zygmondy, World Health Organization or Universal must be clearly stated.  Case management: presented accurately and concisely in chronological order supported with figures and a detailed description of the research methodology employed. III. Contents in Review articles Literature reviews are reviews provided by expert in its field with verified supporting credentials. The literature reviews should contain the following sections: introduction, and overviews.  Introduction comprises the problem's background, its formulation and purpose of the work or case or review and prospect for the future. Introduction in review articles are followed by headline topics and overviews to be discussed. All Original articles, Case reports, and Review articles must be followed by:  Discussion explains the meaning of the examination's results, not repeating the result, in what way the reported result can solve the problems, differences and equalities with previous study and development possibilities. This section should include the conclusion of the reported work or case and suggestion for further studies if necessary.  Acknowledgements to all research contributors, if any, should be stated in brief at the manuscript, prior to references.  References should be arranged according to the Vancouver superscript no et al. style. References must be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text, and listed at the end of the text in numeric, not alphabetical order. Identify references in text, tables, and legends by Arabic numerals in superscript. References must be valid and taken within the last 10 years of publication, containing at least 70% of primary references (from journals, books, thesis, dissertations, and patent documents). Unpublished sources, such as manuscripts in preparation and personal communication, are not acceptable as references. Only those sources cited in the text should appear in the reference list. The names of authors must be written in a consistent manner throughout the text. The numbers and volumes of journals must be cited, with edition, publisher, city and page numbers of textbooks also included. References to downloaded internet sources must include the time of access and web address. Any abbreviations of journal titles must comply with dental and medical index conventions. Original articles and case report should include at least ten references. Review articles should include more than 30 references. Citation format for journal articles: 1. Tiisanoja A, Syrjälä AMH, Kullaa A, Ylöstalo P. Anticholinergic burden and dry mouth in middle-aged people. JDR Clin Transl Res. 2020; 5(1): 62–70. Citation format for textbooks: 1. Blom A, Warwick D, Whitehouse M. Apley & Solomon’s system of orthopaedics and trauma. 10th ed. Oxford: CRC Press; 2018. p. 455–89. Citation format for proceedings: 1. Virbanescu CA. Bone augumentations with autologous bone in oral implantology. In: 2nd International Conference on Dental Health and Oral Hygiene. London, UK: Allied Academies; 2019. p. 45. Citation format for thesis and dissertations: 1. Alharbi I. Study the effects of cigarette smoke on gingival epithelial cell growth and the expression of keratins. Thesis. Québec: Université Laval; 2015. p. 22–24, 42. Citation format for electronic publications (web page): 1. World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. World Health Organization Media Centre Fact Sheet. 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/ detail/obesity-and-overweight. Accessed 2020 Nov 10. Citation format for patents: 1. Zhang Z, Liu R, Zou S, Wu L, Zeng Y, Deng X. Digital integrated molding method for dental attachments. United States; US20210000575A1/2021. Figures or illustration All figures, illustrations and photos must be concise, relevant, informative, referenced and contained in a file (high resolution JPEG, PNG or TIFF format at least 300dpi). The maximum number of figures, illustrations, photos and tables contained in the original articles and review articles is 4 (four), while that for case reports is 8 (eight). All figures, illustrations and photos must be separated from the manuscript text. Images should be referred to in the text and figure legends should be listed at the end of the manuscript, citing illustrations in numerical order (figure 1, figure 2, etc.) as they appear in the text. Written permission must be obtained for the reproduction of content previously published in copyrighted material, including: tables, figures and quoted text exceeding 150 words in length. Signed patient release forms are required in cases of photographs featuring identifiable persons. A copy of all written permission and patient release forms must accompany the manuscript. The editor reserves the right to edit the manuscript, tailor articles to the available space in order to ensure conciseness, clarity and stylistic consistency. All manuscripts accepted, together with their accompanying illustrations, become the permanent property of the publisher. As such, they may not be published elsewhere in full or in part, in print form or electronically, without the written permission of the publisher. All data presented and all opinions or statements expressed in the manuscript remain the sole responsibility of the author(s). Accordingly, the publisher, the editorial board, and their respective employees of the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) accept no responsibility or liability whatsoever for the consequences of any such inaccurate or misleading data, opinions, or statements. Tables Tables should be submitted in the same format as the article and embedded in the document where the table should be cited. If table(s) are presented in excel format, they must be copied and pasted into the manuscript file. In extreme circumstances, excel files can be uploaded as supplementary files. However, this is not advised as they will not be accepted should the article subsequently be approved for publication. Tables should be self- explanatory, containing data that is not duplicated within the text and figures. Online submission  The author should first register as author and/or offer to be a reviewer via the following address: https://e-journal.unair. ac.id/MKG/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions  The author can also submit the manuscript by sending email via the following account: dental_journal@fkg.unair.ac.id