Subject Index Volume 48 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 43 A. actinomycetemcomitans adhesin,39 Aggressive periodontitis, 39, 193 Alcohol-containing mouthwash, 109 Alkaline phosphatase, 130 Allergic contact cheilitis, 173 Alveolar bone, 43 Angiogenesis, 159 Antioxidant, 188 Apoptotic, 135 Autogenous tooth transplantation, 139 Bahasa Indonesia, 1 Blood sugar level, 69 Bone morphogenetic protein-2, 53 resorption, 80 Ca(OH)2, 16 Candida albicans, 26, 84 Carbamide peroxide, 7 Caries, 31 Caspace-3, 48, 135 CD133, 64 CFSS-DS, 1 Children, 1 Chitosan; 53, 213 solution, 154 Chronic inflammation, 12 periodontitis, 193 Citrus limon, 84, 144 CPP-ACP, 7 CRP, 113 Crystalline, 183 Curcuma zedoaria oil, 69 Curcumin, 35 CVD, 113 Debris, 104 Delayed-type hypersensitivity, 173 Dental caries, 197 laboratory, 177, 183 Dentin hypersensitivity, 170 Desensitization, 170 Duration, 48 Dust; 183 early childhood, 197 elderly, 109, 165 epithel, 150 essential oil, 84 extracoronal bleaching, 7 extracted tooth, 139 FGF2, 213 Fiber reinforced composite, 22 Fibroblast, 94 growth factor-2, 94 Finite element method, 154 Flexural strength, 7 Fracture resistance, 154 Gene polymorphisms, 193 Genome, 74 Genotoxicity, 16 Gingival mesenchymal cell,144 Gingiviti, 69 Glicosaminoglycans, 100 Hairdresser, 74 Healing, 12 Herbal medicine, 188 HIV/ AIDS, 84 Hyaluronic acid metronidazole, 204 Hydrogen peroxide, 7 Hydroxyapatite, 204 Hypoxia, 59 IL-8, 39 Impregnation, 22 Incompletely formed root, 139 Inflammation, 188 Irrigation solution, 154 Jatropha multifidi, 119 Junctional epithelium gingiva, 35 L. reuteri, 31 Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, 126 reuteri, 126 Level of BD-2, 31 Lipstick allergen, 173 LSTR 3Mix-MP, 12 Lymphocytes, 100 Macrophages; 209 Magnesium; 130 Mangosteen peel extract, 104 Mauli banana stem extract, 150 Micronuclei, 74 Mineral trioxide aggregate, 16 MMP-8, 39 MSX2, 43 Nanochitosan, 26 Nano-particles, 135 NaOCl, 104 NFκB, 35 Nickel ion, 26 Non alcohol-containing mouthwash, 109 Non-growing, 80 Oral Candidiasis, 84 Oral mucosa, 119, 150, 165 Orthodontic, 126 appliance, 177 tooth movement, 80 Oosteoblast, 204 Osteogenesis, 59 Palm polybacteria, 144 Periodontal disease, 130 Periodontitis, 113 Plasma cells, 209 Polymorphism, 113 Potassium ion, 170 Premalignan, 64 Probiotic, 31, 126 Proliferative, 64 Propolis extract, 16 Pulp cells, 48 Purple sweet potato, 170 Quality of life, 197 Reliability, 1 Replication, 48 S. mutans, 31 Salivary neutrophils, 89 Saponin, 104 Satisfaction, 177 S-eCC, 89 Silane, 22 Silica, 183 Silver, 135 Single-cell gel electrophoresis, 16 Smoking, 113 Socket healing, 159 Spirulina, 209 Stichopus hermanii’s extract, 100 Streptococcus mutans, 26, 89 Tensile strength, 22 TGF-β2, 80 Tissue engineering, 213 TLR4, 193 Tooth, 43 extractions, 94 Toxicity, 59, 144 Traumatic ulcer, 100, 119 Ubiquinone, 59 Ulceration, 165 Ultrasonic scaling, 48 Validity, 1 VeGF, 159, 213 Wound healing, 53, 94, 100, 150, 188 Xerostomia severity, 109 X-rays, 94 irradiation, 159 Authors Index Volume 48 Adianti, 80 Amtha, Rahmi, 64 Apriasari, Maharani Laillyza, 150 Archadian Nuryanti, 48 Arundina, Ira, 100 Bramantoro, Taufan, 197 Budi, Hendrik Setia, 188 ernani, 154 Gani, Basri A, 119 Goenharto, Sianiwati, 177 Handajani, Juni, 69 Hernawan, Iwan, 84 Inayati, eny, 183 Iskandar, Chariza Hanum Mayvita, 170 Iskandar, Regina Purnama Dewi, 209 Kamadjaja, David B, 139 Kartika W.P, Ceples Dian, 16 Kasuma, Nila, 130 Kohar, Natasia Melita, 126 Krismariono, Agung, 35 Kusumaningsih, Tuti, 31 Luthfi, Muhammad, 89 Mahdani, Fatma Yasmin, 94 Marinna, Astrid, 144 Nugroho, Raditya, 12 Nur’aeny, Nanan, 165 Prahasanti, Chiquita, 193 Pratiwi, Ariyati Retno, 213 Ratih, Diatri Nari, 7 Ravitasari, Yatty, 173 Ridwan, Rini Devijanti, 39 Rosyida, Niswati Fathmah, 16 Ruspita, Intan, 43 Sakinah, Anis, 104 Setiawatie, ernie Maduratna, 204 Suhartono, Antonius Winoto, 113 Sularsih, 53 Susanto, Hendri, 109 Suzy, Arlette, 1 Taufiqurrahman, Irham, 59 Triawan, Andi, 26 Widowati, Kharinna, 135 Woroprobosari, Niluh Ringga, 159 Yee, Koh Hui, 74 Guide for authors Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) only publishes original articles on all aspects of dentistry and dental related disciplines. Articles are considered for publication with the condition that they have not been published or submitted for publication elsewhere. Articles can be classified as research reports, case reports and literature reviews that keep the readers informed of current issues, innovative cases and reviews in dentistry. They should also support scientific advancement, education and dental practice development. Manuscripts will be published in english therefore it is the author's responsibility to ensure the submitted manuscript to be provided in appropriate english. The language used in manuscript must be non numeral, and free of mistypes. The length of manuscript must be proportional. The manuscript must be submitted in soft copy file via CD or e-mail. Manuscript should be typed using MS Word program. The font used should be Times New Roman, sizing 14 pt for the title, and 12 pt for others. Headlines are typed in bold, while Latin names are typed in italics. Three legible copies of the manuscript which are typed in double space with wide margins on good quality A4 white paper (210 × 297 mm) should also be enclosed. The length of article should not below 10 pages and should not exceed 12 pages. The left, right, top, and bottom margin should be 2.5 cm or 1 inch length. Authors should also follow the manuscript preparation guidelines. All Research Reports, Case Reports, and Literature Reviews must contain:  Title should be brief, specific and informative. The title must contain maximum 10 words (not exceeding 40 letters and spaces) with capital letter on the first word of the title. The title must be provided in english and Bahasa Indonesia.  Name of Author(s) should include full names of author(s), address to which proofs are to be sent, name and address of the department(s) to which the work should be attributed and appointed accordingly with asterisk (*) symbol. Example: Jamal Bin Razak,1 Matsuo Hamada,2 Ninuk Hartati,3 and Harold Whitfield4 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty of Dentistry - University of Malaya Malaysia 2 Department of Prosthodontics School of Dentistry - Hiroshima University Japan 3 Department of Dental Public Health Faculty of Dentistry - Airlangga University Surabaya - Indonesia 4 Department of endodontics School of Dental and Health Sciences - The University of Melbourne Australia  Abstract should be structured with concise description (contains not more than 250 words, formatted in 1 space, and done in one paragraph). The abstract must be provided in english.  Abstract in Research Reports should consists of "Background:", "Purpose:", "Method:", "Result:" and "Conclusion:" typed in bold within one paragraph. Footnotes, references, and abbreviations are not used in the abstract.  Abstract in Case Reports should consists of "Background:", "Purpose:", "Case(s):", "Case Management:" and "Conclusion:" typed in bold within one paragraph. Footnotes, references, and abbreviations are not used in the abstract.  Abstract in Literature Reviews should consists of "Background:", "Purpose:", "Reviews:", and "Conclusion:" typed in bold within one paragraph. Footnotes, references, and abbreviations are not used in the abstract.  Keywords contain 3-5 words and/or phrases and must be provided below the abstract. The key words must be provided in english.  Correspondence should contain separated by semicolons (;) details of the author in charge with detailed mailing address and e-mail. Correspondence is followed by the following sections according to type of article (Research Reports, Case Reports, or Literature Reviews) as follows: I. Contents in Research Reports: The research reports should contain the following sections: introduction, materials and methods, and results.  Introduction comprises the problem's background, its formulation and purpose of the work or case or review and prospect for the future. Introduction in literature reviews are followed by headline topics and exposures to be discussed.  Materials and Methods contain clear description on used materials and scheme of experiments as well as methods in order to enable other examiners to undertake retrial or duplication and validity checked if necessary. Reference should be given to the unknown method. Research ethics on animal and human subjects must be stated accordingly, if applicable.  Results should be presented accurately and concisely in logical sequence with the minimum number of tables and illustrations necessary for summarizing only important observations. Tables must be made in horizontal (without vertical line separation) for simple viewing. Mathematical Equations should be clearly stated. When mathematical symbols are not available on the typewriter, hand written symbols with soft lead pencil could be used. Decimal numbers should be separated by point (.). Tables, illustration, and photographs should be cited in the text in consecutive order and provided separately from the texts of manuscript. The titles and detailed explanations of the figures belong in the legends for illustrations (figures, graphs) not on the illustrations themselves. All non-standard abbreviations that are used must be explained in footnotes. II. Contents in Case Reports: The case reports should contain the following sections: introduction, case(s), and case management.  Introduction comprises the problem's background, its formulation and purpose of the work or case or review and prospect for the future.  Case(s) contain clear and detailed description on presented case(s) including anamnesis and clinical examinations.  Case(s) management should be presented accurately and concisely in chronological sequence supported with figures and detailed descriptions on what was done. III. Contents in Literature Reviews Literature reviews are reviews provided by expert in its field with verified supporting credentials. The literature reviews should contain the following sections: introduction, and overviews.  Introduction comprises the problem's background, its formulation and purpose of the work or case or review and prospect for the future. Introduction in literature reviews are followed by headline topics and overviews to be discussed. All Research Reports, Case Reports, and Literature Reviews must be followed by:  Discussion explains the meaning of the examination's results, not repeating the result, in what way the reported result can solve the problems, differences and equalities with previous study and development possibilities. This section should include the conclusion of the reported work or case and suggestion for further studies if necessary.  Acknowledgements to all research contributors, if any, should be stated in brief at the manuscript, prior to references.  References should be arranged according to the Vancouver system. References must be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text, and listed at the end of the text in numeric, not alphabetical order. Identify references in text, tables, and legends by Arabic numerals in superscript. References must be valid and taken within the last 10 years of publication, containing at least 70% of primary references (from journals, thesis, dissertations, and patent documents). Unpublished sources, such as manuscripts in preparation and personal communications are not acceptable as references. Only sources cited in the text should appear in the reference list. List all authors when four or fewer authors are involved; when there are more than four authors, list the first three authors and add "et al.". The name of authors must be written in consistency. The number and volume of journals must be included. edition, publisher, city, and page numbers of textbooks must be included. Internet downloaded references must include the time of access and web address. Any abbreviation of journals must comply with dental index and medic index. Citation format for journal articles: 1. Donnelly PV, Miller C, Ciardullo T, Occlusion and its role in esthetics. J esthetic Dentistry 1996; 8: 111–8. 2. Grimes eW. A use of freeze-dried bone in endodontics. J endod 1994; 20: 355–6. 3. Bilhaut. Guerison d'un pounce par un noueau procede o p e r a t o i r e . C o n g r e s F r a n c a i s d e C h i r u r g i e 1 9 9 8 ; 4: 576–580. Citation format for textbooks: 1. Hickey JC, Zarb GA. Boucher's prosthodontic treatment for edentulous patients. 9th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 1985. p. 452–9. 2. Cohen S, Burns RC. Pathways of the pulp. 5th ed. St Louis: Mosby Co; 1994. p. 123–47. Citation format for proceedings: 1. Perry CH, Lu F, Namavar F, Kalkhoran NM, Soref RA. Radical styloid. Proceedings of the 10 th International Congress of Clinic; New York, USA. Amsterdam: elsevier; 1991. 2. Favier JJ, Camel D. enforcement of data in medical information. In: Lun KL, editor. Proceedings of the eight International Conference on Medicine; York, UK, 1986 Sept 8–10. Citation format for thesis and dissertations: 1. Ramos R. Preventive Health Amendments. PhD Thesis. College van Dekanen. University of Twente. The Netherland, 1992. 2. Amerongen AVN, Michels LFe, Roukema PA, Veerman eCI. 1986. Ludah dan kelenjar ludah arti bagi kesehatan gigi. Rafiah Arbyono dan Sutatmi Suryo. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press; 1992. p. 1–42. 3. Salim S. Pengaruh humiditas dan waktu penyimpanan serta cara curing terhadap sifat fisik, kimia dan mekanik akrilik basis gigi tiruan. Disertasi. Surabaya: Pascasarjana Universitas Airlangga; 1995. p. 8–21. Citation format for patents: 1. Yamagishi H, Hiroe A, Nishio H, Miki K, Tawada Y. Methods Procedures of Hand Surgery. US Patent No. 5264710, 1993 Nov 23. All figures, illustrations and photos must be relevant, informative, concise, and referred if any, provided in file (jpg, tiff, etc.). Non-file photos should be printed in clear glossy paper. The size should meet with the minimum measurement of 125 × 195 mm. The maximum number of figures, illustrations, photos, and tables in research report and literature review is 4 (four). The maximum number of figures, illustrations, photos, and tables in case report is 8 (eight). All figures, illustrations and photos must be separated from the texts of manuscript. Written permission must be obtained for material that has been published in copyrighted material; this includes tables, figures, and quoted text that exceeds 150 words. Signed patient release forms are required for photographs of identifiable persons. A copy of all permissions and patient release forms must accompany the manuscript. The editor reserves the right to edit the manuscript, fit articles into space availability, and ensure conciseness, clarity, and stylistic consistency. All accepted manuscripts and their accompanying illustrations will become the permanent property of the publisher, and may not be published elsewhere in full or in part, in print or electronically, without written permission from the publisher. All data, opinions or statements appeared on the manuscript are the sole responsibility of the author(s). Accordingly, the publisher, the editorial board, and their respective employees of the Dental Journal will accept no responsibility or liability whatsoever for the consequences of any such inaccurate or misleading data, opinions, or statements. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... D e ta c h h e re ( p o to n g d i s in i) SUBSCRIPTION ORDER FORM FORMULIR BERLANGGANAN Dental Journal Majalah Kedokteran Gigi FACULTy OF DENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA Editorial Address c/o: Jln. Mayjen. 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