dentistry3000: A Pathfinder

This is a computer-generated pathfinder created against the Distant Reader study called dentistry3000.

Each Distant Reader study carrel is composed of many individual items. Each item is bibliographically described with author, title, date, summary, and keyword values. Below is a list of the items' most signficant keywords as well as lists of the items themselves. Purpusing the content of this pathfinder provides the student, researcher, or scholar with one way to get their heads around the scope of the carrel. The keywords include:

Pmid; Dental; Patients; Teeth; Oral; Treatment; Caries; Surface; Denture; Health; Root; Control; Tooth; Strength; Materials; Resin; Children; Bone; Effect; Pain; Canal; Disease; Patient; Students; Mandibular; Mean; Laser; Cells; Samples; Acid; Implant; Saliva; Gingival; Expression; Extract; Growth; Cancer; Cleft; Prevalence; Age; Albicans; Class; Risk; Nanoparticles; Dent; Factors; Gene; Case; Rotary; Table; Toothpaste; Population; Dentistry; Decay; Process; Pittsburgh

Depending on how this pathfinder was created, many of the bibliographic sections will include elaborations on the meaning(s) of the given keywords. These elaborations were generated by feeding the items' summaries to a large langauge model and asking the model to address the question, "What is X?", where "X" is the keyword. The result will be a few sentences of elaboration. Be forewarned. The elaborations are often plausible, but they should not be take as truth. Instead, they should be taken as points for consideration.

• Sexual dimorphism involved in the mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions of permanent teeth by Sabóia, Ticiana Medeiros; Tannure, Patricia Nivoloni; Luiz, Ronir Raggio; Costa, Marcelo de Castro; Granjeiro, Jose Mauro; Küchler, Erika Calvano; Antunes, Leonardo Santos (2013) - Sexual dimorphism involved in the mesiodistal and buccolingual di- mensions of permanent teeth Ticiana Medeiros Sabóia 1 , Patricia Nivoloni Tannure 2 , Ronir Raggio Luiz 5 , Marcelo de Castro Costa 1 , Jose Mauro Granjeiro 3 , Erika Calvano Küch- ler 3 , Citation: Sabóia TM, Tannure PN, Luiz RR, Costa MC, Granjeiro JM, Küchler EC, Antunes LS. (2013) Sexual dimorphism involved on the mesiodistal and buccolin- gual dimensions of permanent teeth. Keywords: differences; dimensions; dimorphism; pmid; size; teeth; tooth
• Multifactorial Contributions to Central Incisor Tooth Morphology and the Presence of Black Triangles: A Case Study by Kohane, Steven E.; Means, Katelyn C. (2021) - Background: Black triangles are a prominent feature for those experiencing a lack of interdental papilla between central incisors and may dramatically affect the presentation of a person’s smile. Keywords: black triangles; multifactorial inheritance; cosmetic dentistry; esthetics; gingival embrasures; interdental papilla; contact point; tooth morphology; odontometry. Keywords: case; contact; gingival; morphology; papilla; patient; pmid; tooth; triangle
• Effects of a novel dye containing toothpaste versus regular fluoridated toothpaste for supragingival biofilm reduction in patients with chronic gingivitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Rath, Avita; Jun Ning, Chong; HR, Priyadarshini; Teo, Brandon Nicholas; Zhen, Naik Hsian; Yin, Ong Wey (2021) - Evaluation of Plaque Removal Efficacy of a Novel Dye- Containing Toothpaste: A Clinical Trial. KEYWORDS: dental biofilm; supragingival; gingivitis; oral hygiene; dentifrice Citation: Rath, A et al. (2021) Effects of a novel dye containing toothpaste versus regular fluoridated toothpaste for supragingival biofilm reduction in patients with chronic gingivitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial Dentistry 3000. 1:a001 doi:10.5195/d3000.2021.117 Received: Keywords: biofilm; doi; dye; group; hygiene; oral; participants; patients; plaque; pmid; study; toothpaste; trial
• In-Vitro study to Assess Effect of a Glide Path on Canal Transportation and Centering Ratio in Double Curved canals. by Alhalabi, Raghad; Rekab, Mohammad Salem; Alhroob, Khaldaon hossein; Al-assaf, Maher (2021) - Because of the sensitivity of dealing with curved canals, and because of the multiple complications that face the practitioner when preparing such canals, such as loss of working length, change of canal path, obturations, perforations, instruments refraction, ledge formation and zipping occurrence due to the difficulty of reaching the entire working length[5] and the accompanying difficulties in completing the remaining therapeutic procedures [6], the use of nickel titanium files, with their varied tapers and high flexibility, gave the practitioner a great ability in maintaining the original curvature of the root canal system Also, when comparing this study with that of (Alfadley et al, 2020) we show the superiority of the XP- Endo Shaper over Wave One Gold in terms of maintaining the centrality and the shape of the Figure 2: Average value for canal centric after creating the glide path using different methods. Keywords: canal; centric; doi; files; glide; path; pmid; preparation; shaper; study; system
• Is YoutubeTM an accurate source of patient-information for awareness about periodontal diseases? by Güler, Berceste; Özaltun, Büşra (2021) - While 69 of the videos are useful videos, 9 of them have misleading video content. [15] In a study presented, 30% of all evaluated videos contain misleading information, while 76% of these videos are reported to be of poor quality. Keywords: content; disease; index; information; number; oral; patient; pmid; quality; source; study; treatment; videos; youtube
• Assessment of dehiscence and fenestration in children and adolescents using cone beam computed tomography by Akbulut, Aslıhan; Akgöl, Beyza Ballı; Orhan, Kaan; Bayram, Merve (2021) - [2], others who presented root fenestration did not suffer from any detectable symptoms or discomfort [13]. The frequency of root fenestrations in this study was found low (2 %), and type I fenestrations was the highest proportion (63.9 %) among all types. Keywords: beam; bone; cbct; children; cone; dehiscence; fenestration; pmid; root; study; teeth; tomography; type
• Prevalence of Malocclusion in Brazilian Quilombola Adolescents by de Brito, Gabrielli Oliveira; Martins, Sarah dos Santos; Paes de Araújo, Ítallo Lins; Carvalho Laureano, Isla Camilla; Cavalcanti, Alessandro Leite (2022) - Almost all adolescents presented dental malocclusion (97.2%), with very severe or disabling severity (44.4%). The scarcity of studies with Quilombola adolescent populations was also a limiting factor to confront the findings of this study; however, it is necessary to highlight that despite these aspects, this research is one of the few studies developed in the country with this minority group regarding dental malocclusion. Keywords: adolescents; brazilian; dai; health; life; malocclusion; oral; pmid; prevalence; quilombola; study; treatment
• Differential expression of the IRF6 gene in the signs of Van der Woude Syndrome: Are distinct genetic modifiers operating? by Lisboa, Rosany de Oliveira; Martins, Cláudia Maria da Rocha; Santos, Maria Elisabete Silva; Pereira, Danilo Leôncio Aguiar; Carvalho, Flávia Martinez de; Orioli, Ieda Maria; Guerreiro, João Farias; Vieira, Alexandre Rezende; Santana-da-Silva, Luiz Carlos (2021) - Phenotype variation of Individuals with IRF6 Ser90Thr variant and Van der Woude syndrome. Keywords: Van der Woude syndrome; Orofacial clefts; IRF6 gene Citation: Lisboa RO, et al. (2021) Differential expression of the IRF6 gene in the signs of Van der Woude Syndrome: Are distinct genetic modifiers operating? Keywords: cleft; der; family; gene; individuals; irf6; irf6 gene; lip; palate; pits; pmid; residue; syndrome; van; van der; vws; woude
• Effect of chlorhexidine, honey and Propolis on Streptococcus mutans Counts: in vitro Study by Alkhaled, Abdulrhman; Alsabek, Laith; Al-assaf, Maher; Badr, Faek (2021) - Keywords: Streptococcus mutans; chlorhexidine; propolis; honey Citation: Alkhaled A, et al. (2021) Effect of chlorhexidine, honey and Propolis on Streptococcus mutans Counts: in vitro Study. Abstract Objective: Streptococcus mutans is considered one of the bacteria that causes necrosis, as it metabolism sugar to obtain energy, producing an acidic environment and causing depression in the enamel surface, which causes the dissolution of the calcium molecule, a problem of cavited in the tooth; so the aim of the research is to evaluate the effect of mouthwashes chlorhexidine 0.12% - honey 50% - propolis 5% on Streptococcus mutans in children. Keywords: chlorhexidine; doi; effect; honey; mutans; number; oral; pmid; propolis; streptococcus; streptococcus mutans; study
• Tridimensional roughness and morphology of sound dentin surfaces after papain-gel treatment by Pires, Paula Maciel; Miranda, Paula Martins Bravo; Costa, Paula Helena de Accioly; Monteiro, Amanda Souza Nunes; Alexandria, Adílis Kalina; Cople Maia, Lucianne; Neves, Aline de Almeida (2022) - Keeping with the MID approach, CCRAs are constantly used over sound dentin surfaces, especially if the enamel-dentin junction is prepared to “scratchy” dentin to ensure appropriate sealing of the restoration [17]. These results are in agreement with previous investigations of the effect of Carisolv® in sound dentin surfaces. Keywords: acid; caries; dentin; gel; papain; pmid; polyacrylic; removal; roughness; sound; surfaces
• Manual and rotary instrumentation techniques for root canal preparation in primary molars by Rosa, Francinne M.; Modesto, Adriana; Faraco-Junior, Italo M. (2014) - Considering the reduced number of studies on this topic in pediatric dentistry, this study aimed to elucidate the apical displacement produced in root canals and the time needed for root canal preparation in primary teeth by the rotary instrumentation system in compari- son with the manual instrumentation tech- nique. Conclusions: The use of rotary instrumentation in pediatric dentistry is feasible, offering time-saving advantages in root canal preparation. Keywords: canal; instrumentation; manual; pmid; preparation; root; rotary; techniques; teeth; time
• Hypoxic conditions alter developing branchial arch-derived structures in zebrafish by Parsons, Trish E; Weinberg, Seth M; Tsang, Michael; Vieira, Alexandre R (2014) - This study tests the hypothesis that hypoxic exposure results in craniofacial shape variation in a ze- brafish model. Conclusions: This experiment shows that hypoxia expo- sure at 24hpf is capable of affecting craniofacial shape in a dose-dependent manner. Keywords: arch; control; development; embryos; group; hypoxia; oxygen; pmid; shape; structures; variation; zebrafish
• Hypertrichosis associated with genetic conditions with head and neck alterations by Caixeta, Mirelle Estéfane de Oliveira; Dias, Caroline Rodrigues; Pereira, Rafael Martins Afonso; Carvalho, Thiago de Amorim; Silva, Ivania Aparecida Pimenta Santos; Andrade, Rodrigo Soares de (2022) - This gene2c associa2on leads to numerous significant systemic and craniofacial changes, which should be recognized and considered by the den2st. OBJECTIVE: To assess, in databases, the presence of congenital hypertrichosis associated with gene2c syndromes and condi2ons affec2ng the head and neck. One of the mechanisms that occurs in congenital hypertrichosis is the conversion of vellus hair to terminal hair in regions where terminal hair would not normally develop, but this change is not well understood [4]. Keywords: changes; condi2ons; gene2c; general; gingival; growth; h&n; hair; head; hypertrichosis; microcephaly; neck; palate; pmid; retardation; syndromes
• Use and effectiveness of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) for identification of potential errors and failures in the process of root canal treatment by Yazdanian, Mohsen; Alam, Mostafa; Rafiee, Esmail; Tahmasebi, Elahe; Ghaffarpasand, Arash; Abbasi, Kamyar; Bahadori, Mohammadkarim (2022) - Use and effec�veness of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) for iden�fica�on of poten�al errors and failures in the process of root canal treatment Vol 10 No 1 (2022) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2022.238 htp://den�stry3000.pit.edu Use and effectiveness of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) for identification of potential errors and failures in the process of root canal treatment Mohsen Yazdanian1, Mostafa Alam2, Esmail Rafiee1,3, Elahe Tahmasebi1,*, Arash Ghaffarpasand2, Kamyar Abbasi4, Mohammadkarim Bahadori1 1Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. According to the international reports, the frequency of medical malpractice lawsuits has been on the rise despite the great technological advances in diagnostic and http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu/ Use and effec�veness of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) for iden�fica�on of poten�al errors and failures in the process of root canal treatment Vol 10 No 1 (2022) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2022.238 htp://den�stry3000.pit.edu treatment procedures. Keywords: canal; dental; dentist; errors; failure; fmea; human; inexperience; modes; patient; pmid; process; rct; risk; root; root canal; treatment; use; � al
• Prevalence of dental anomalies in a Mexican population by Herrera-Atoche, Jose Ruben; Diaz-Morales, Silvia; Colome-Ruiz, Gabriel; Escoffie-Ramirez, Mauricio; Orellana, Maria Fernanda (2014) - Risk/Ratio Risk/Ratio Agenesis 14 (2.09) 25 (3.73) 39 (5.82) 0.863 1.06 0.95 SNT 18 (2.69) 22 (3.28) 40 (5.97) 0.157 1.54 0.65 MULI 16 (2.38) 26 (3.88) 42 (6.26) 0.625 1.16 0.86 PSULI 4 (0.6) 6 (0.89) 10 (1.49) 0.719 1.26 0.79 BSULI 6 (0.89) 13 (1.94) 19 (2.83) 0.777 0.87 1.15 Upper laterals with TC 5 (0.74) 2 (0.3) 7 (1.04) 0.062 4.72 0.21 Fusion 2 (0.3) 0 (0.00) 2 (0.3) - - - Gemination 0 (0.00) 0 (0.00) 0 (0.00) - - - IT 31 (4.63) 60 (8.95) 91 (13.58) 0.903 0.96 1.03 Transposition 7 (1.04) 9 (1.34) 16 (2.38) 0.439 1.49 0.68 Transmigration 0 (0.00) 1 (0.14) 1 (0.14) - - - AI 0 (0.00) 3 (0.44) 3 (0.44) - - - Table  1.  Prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies by sex in a group of 670 patients.   The  most  common  anoma-­‐ ly   was   impacted   teeth   (13.58%),   followed   by   microdon=c   upper   lateral   incisors   (6.26%).   Keywords: anomalies; incisors; pmid; prevalence; teeth; tooth; transposition; upper
• Association of sella turcica bridging and morphologic characteristics with palatally impacted canine in lateral cephalograms by Ghasemi, Nikoo; Akhoondi, Soraya; Reyhani, Zohre; Motamed, Nima; Nourian, Azin (2022) - Sella turcica bridging could be a common variation of sella turcica, possibly related to numerous systemic developmental syndromes[3]. However, there were no significant differences in the depth and anterior-posterior diameter of sella turcica between the two groups (P-value=0.543, P- value=0.766). Keywords: bridging; canine; group; impaction; patients; pmid; sella; study; turcica
• Polymorphism in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene (TNFA -308 G/A) is not associated with susceptibility to chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population by Trevilatto, Paula Cristina; de Brito Jr, Rui Barbosa; Scarel-Caminaga, Raquel Mantuaneli; Pardo, Ana Paula de Souza; de Souza, Cleber Machado; Sallum, Antônio Wilson; Line, Sérgio Roberto Peres (2016) - Gene  polymorphisms  in  pro-­‐ inflammatory  cytokines  are  associ-­‐ ated  with  systemic  inflammation  in   patients  with  severe  periodontal   infections.   36.  Polymorphism  at  position  -­‐174   of  IL-­‐6  gene  is  associated  with  sus-­‐ ceptibility  to  chronic  periodontitis   in  a  Caucasian  Brazilian  population.   Keywords: -­‐308; allele; brazilian; disease; gene; necrosis; periodontitis; pmid; polymorphism; tnfa; tumor
• Evaluation of the Efficacy of 3D-guided Piezosurgery in Accelerating Mandibular Orthodontic Teeth Alignment: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Adults. by Gibreal, Omar; Al-modallal, Yasser; Al-assaf, Maher (2022) - Effects of Corticision on paradental remodeling in orthodontic tooth movement. Email: dr.maher.assaf1990@gmail.com Introduction Reduction in the duration of orthodontic treatment is considered one of the major challenges facing orthodontists today. Keywords: alignment; doi; group; mandibular; patients; piezocision; pmid; teeth; tooth; treatment; trial
• Profile of Fluoride Release from a Nanohybrid Composite Resin by Assed Bezerra Silva, Raquel; Ribeiro Santos, Fernanda Regina; Cesar Cropanese Spadaro, Augusto; Morseli Polizello, Ana Cristina; De Rossi, Andiara; Moreira, Marilia Rodrigues; Nelson-Filho, Paulo (2015) - Release  of  0luoride  ions  from  the  three  materials  at  each  day  of   the  experiment.       One   alternative   are   composite   resins   containing   nanoparticles   of   calcium   phosphates  (CaF2),  which  may  release  6luo-­‐ ride   ions   that  matched  or  exceeded  report-­‐ ed   releases   from   conventional   GICs   and   RMGICs   (21).   Keywords: composite; days; journal; luoride; materials; nanohybrid; pmid; release; resin
• Selective Root Retreatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial by Nagy, Mohamed; Ghobashy, Ahmed (2022) - Conclusions: The present study points to selective root retreatment as a successful “minimally invasive alternative” in cases of an independently diseased root. Clinical Relevance: Selective root retreatment is a promising conservative option in the treatment of failed endodontic cases with periapical pathosis related to an individual root. Keywords: canal; cases; endod; group; pmid; retreatment; root; study; teeth; year
• Familial aggregation of anxiety associated with bruxism by Gorski, David (2015) - Cita%on:  Gorski  D.  (2015)  Familial  aggrega*on  of   anxiety  associated  with  bruxism.   Only  one   family   member   (individual  II.1)  showed  signs  of   occlusal  trauma  from  bruxism,   but  was  not  diagnosed  with   anxiety. Keywords: anxiety; bruxism; disorders; doi; family; pmid
• Patients' Awareness of the Complications of Bisphosphonate Therapy by Hristamyan, Meri; Raycheva, Ralista; Hristamyan, Veselka (2022) - In recent years, many scientists and clinicians have reported a complication following the intake of this drug, called Bisphosphonate- associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BAONJ), which mainly occurs in cancer patients receiving intravenous BP treatment. Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, risk reduction and treatment strategies of jaw osteonecrosis in cancer patients exposed to antiresorptive agents. Keywords: awareness; bisphosphonate; cancer; dental; doi; jaw; osteonecrosis; patients; pmid; risk; therapy
• Modification of the technique of osteotomy for surgical maxillary expansion by Carlini, João Luis; Rieth, Cristina; Severo, Danielle Del Santo; Asami, Kesia Keiko (2015) - Surgically  assisted  rapid   maxillary  expansion:  a  comparison   of  technique,  response,  and  stabil-­‐ ity.   For  this  reason,  in  this  study,  all   surgical  procedures  were  per-­‐ formed  with  patients  under  general   anesthesia.       Keywords: doi; expansion; fig; maxillary; osteotomy; palatal; pmid; study; technique
• Tooth malposition in patients with cleft lip and/or palate in a Brazilian population by Melo Filho, Mario Rodrigues; Dias, Verônica Oliveira; Martelli, Daniella Reis; Paranaíba, Lívia Ribeiro; Swerts, Mário Sérgio Oliveira; de Barros, Letízia Monteiro; Martelli Júnior, Hercílio (2015) - The  clefts  were  categorized   into  three  groups  with  the  incisive   foramen  as  a  reference:  (1)  Cleft  Lip   (CL):  includes  complete  or  incom-­‐ plete  pre-­‐foramen  clefts,  either  uni-­‐ lateral  or  bilateral;  (2)  Cleft  Lip  and   Palate  (CLP):  includes  unilateral  or   bilateral  transforamen  clefts  and   pre-­‐  or  post-­‐foramen  clefts;  (3)  Cleft   Palate  (CP):  includes  all  post-­‐ foramen  clefts,  complete  or  incom-­‐ plete   Of  the  317  patients  with   clefts,  189  had  CLP,  74  had  CL,  and   54  had  isolated  CP. Keywords: anomalies; cleft; lip; malposition; oral; palate; patients; pmid; study; tooth
• Assessment of the Alignment Acceleration of the Lower Incisors Using a Single Aligner Appliance Modified with Nickel-Titanium Coils: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial in Adults. by Alhafi, Ziad Mohamad; Rajeh, Nada; Jumaa, Zaher; Alasfar, Zuhir (2024) - Evaluation of the effectiveness of modified aligner appliance with nickel-titanium springs in treatment of mild crowding of lower incisors: A randomized controlled clinical trial. However, its activation was limited and it was only used to correct simple issues after orthodontic treatment and for retention Keywords: aligner; aligner appliance; alignment; appliance; group; incisors; nickel; pmid; treatment; trial; weeks
• Physicochemical characteristics and discolouration potentials of Pulpine mineral® and Pulpine NE® by Fakhr Eldeen, Mai; Obeid, Maram; Abu-Seida, Ashraf; Hashem, Ahmed (2024) - At 24 hours and one week, the greatest pH value was recorded in PMIN group , followed by MTA group, while the least value was recorded in PNE group with no statistically significant difference between the MTA and PMIN groups, but a statistically significant difference was found between the PNE group and other groups (P<0.05). Times MTA PMIN PNE P-value 24 hours -1.2±0.251Aa Keywords: discoloration; group; materials; mineral; mta; pmid; pmin; pne; pulpine; radiopacity; solubility; value
• Prevalence of oral tori among medical and dental Students at the University of the West Indies by Rajendra Santosh, Arvind Babu; Jones, Thaon; Venugopal, Hima; Smith, Keisha; Turpin Mair, J Suzanne; Edwards, Mark; Williams, Errol (2016) - [37]# Gorsky#M#et#al.#1996# Israel# 1002# 21.0%# Female#predilection# [45]# Yildiz#E#et#al.#2005# Turkish# 1943# 30.9%# Female#predilection# Keywords: dental; mandibularis; oral; pmid; prevalence; study; tori; torus; university; west
• Chemopreventive Effects of Curcumin Against 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-Induced Hamster Buccal Pouch Carcinogenesis: Curcumin and Chemoprevention by Al-assaf, Maher; Kochaji, Nabil; Al laham, Shaza; Al-Assaf, Issa; Mousallam, Caroline; Barakat, Charif (2024) - Keywords: oral squamous cell carcinoma; curcumin; chemoprevention. Email: maher2.maher@damascusuniversity.edu.sy INTRODUCTION Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is defined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) as an invasive carcinoma with varying degrees of squamous differentiation and with a tendency to metastasize to lymph nodes in early stages. Keywords: cancer; carcinogenesis; carcinoma; cell; curcumin; dmba; doi; effects; expression; group; hamster; pmid; pouch; study; vegf; weeks
• The effect of polymer burs on microbiological reduction of carious dentin in deciduous teeth: a systematic review by Oliviera, Daniela Silva Barroso de; Barreiros, Driely; Silva, Léa Assed Bezerra da; Silva, Raquel Assed Bezerra da; Nelson-Filho, Paulo; Kuchler, Erika Calvano (2016) - The  quan3ta3ve  evalua3on  demonstrated  that  polymer  bur  reduces  mi-­‐ croorganism  levels  in  carious  den0n.   The  larger  effect  size  observed  was  for  Streptococcus   mutans  in  the  polymer  bur  technique  (r=0.84;  d=3.12),  followed  by  Lactobacillus  in  the  car-­‐ bide  bur   technique   (r=0.83;  d=3.03). Keywords: burs; caries; dentin; effect; papers; pmid; polymer; removal; review; teeth
• Association of AXIN2 gene polymorphisms with nonsyndromic oligodontia in Turkish families by Dinckan, Nuriye; Uyguner, Zehra Oya; Kayserili, Hulya; Letra, Ariadne (2016) - Our  sample  population  consisted   of  22  multiplex  oligodontia  fami-­‐ lies  (117  total  individuals,  67  af-­‐ fected,  50  unaffected),  in  which   tooth  agenesis  segregated  in  both   autosomal  dominant  and  autoso-­‐ mal  recessive  forms,  and  an  aver-­‐ age  of  2-­‐18  teeth  were  missing  in   each  affected  individual.   Over  the  years,  many  sig-­‐ naling  pathways  have  shown  to  be   involved  in  the  organogenesis  and   embryogenesis  of  teeth Keywords: agenesis; axin2; father; hypodontia; intron; mother; oligodontia; pmid; proband; tooth; wnt
• Multilevel modeling for dental caries among adolescents in a Brazilian large city by Pecharki, Giovana Daniela; Brancher, João Armando; Olandoski, Márcia; Doetzer, Andrea Duarte; Moyses, Samuel Jorge; Trevilatto, Paula Cristina (2016) - Multilevel  modeling  for  dental  caries  among  adolescents  in  a  Bra-­‐ zilian  large  city     Giovana  Daniela  Pecharki  1,  João  Armando  Brancher1,  Márcia  Olandoski1,  Andrea  Duarte  Doetzer1,  Samuel  Jorge  Moyses1,  Paula  Cris%na  Trevi-­‐ la!o1     1  School  of  Health  and  Biosciences,  Pon&'cia  Universidade  Católica  do  Paraná  (PUCPR),  Rua  Imaculada  Conceição,  Curi'ba,  PR,  Brazil Abstract   Dental  caries  is  a  complex  disease,  which  needs  an  approach  that  considers  caries  influenc-­‐ ing  factors  at  different  levels  and  their  integra2on.   The  aim  of  this  study  was  to  in-­‐ ves$gate  the  associa$on  of  social  and  biological  factors  grouped  into  hierarchical  levels,  in   students   with   caries.   Keywords: adolescents; brazilian; caries; experience; health; individual; level; model; modeling; pmid; public; risk; school; study; variables
• A case of molar-incisor hypomineralization with genetic and environmental influences by Kello, Erin (2017) - We-­‐ erheijm  et  al.  suggested  the  term   “MIH”  and  the  attendant  defini-­‐ tion:  “hypomineralization  of  sys-­‐ temic  origin  of  1-­‐4  FPM,  frequent-­‐ ly  associated  with  affected  inci-­‐ sors”[2].   Jalevik  et  al.  found  a  signif-­‐ icant  correlation  between  early   life  respiratory  illnesses  and  MIH   Keywords: doi; mih; molar-­‐incisor; molars; pmid; right; study
• Smart Phone Application Reminder for Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance to Improve Oral Hygiene by Abdulkadhum Jassim, Ali; Mehdi Alrubayee , Mehdi Abdulhadi; Kazmi, Shakeel (2024) - Are you interesting to be compliant in oral hygiene control during and after orthodontic treatment? Yes 100% (21) 90.5% (19) 2) No 0% 9.5% (2) Are you interesting to be compliant in oral hygiene control during and after orthodontic treatment? Keywords: bleeding; control; doi; experimental; group; hygiene; index; new; orthodon7c; plaque; pmid; study; treatment; weeks
• Fluctuating dental asymmetry in rabbits with familial nonsyndromic coronal suture synostosis by Hyre, Mae A.; Weinberg, Seth M.; Cooper, Gregory M.; Gilbert, James; Siegel, Michael I.; Mooney, Mark P. (2017) - Rabbits  from  this  colony  ex-­‐ hibit  a  wide  range  of  phenotypes,  in-­‐ cluding:  phenotypically  normal  carri-­‐ ers;  rabbits  with  delayed-­‐onset   synostosis  (presenting  at  about  42   days  post-­‐natal),  and;  rabbits  with   early-­‐onset  complete  unilateral  or   bilateral  synostosis  (presenting  at   about  21  days  of  gestation)   Fluctuating  dental  asymmetry  in  rabbits  with  familial  nonsyndromic   coronal  suture  synostosis   Mae  A.  Hyre1,  Seth  M.  Weinberg2,  Gregory  M.  Cooper3,  James  Gilbert3,  Michael  I.  Siegel2,  Mark  P.  Mooney2      1Oro-­‐Maxillo-­‐Facial  Surgeon,  Private  Prac+ce,  Charleston  WV   2University  of  Pi.sburgh,  School  of  Dental  Medicine   3University  of  Pi.sburgh,  Department  of  Plas0c  Surgery Abstract   Fluctua'ng  dental   asymmetry  has  been   linked   to   condi'ons  of  unstable  pre-­‐  and  peri-­‐natal   development.   Keywords: asymmetry; coronal; craniosynostosis; group; growth; in-­‐; mean; pmid; rabbits; siegel; stress; study; suture; synostosis
• Studying Water Absorption, Solubility, and UV Absorption of Room Temperature Vulcanized Maxillofacial Silicone after the Addition of Strontium Titanate Nano-Powder by Abid-Alhameed Suliman, Safwan; Mustafa Muhammad, Nusaiba; Saad Ahmed, Rusal (2025) - The development of modified nanoparticles would aid in the elimination of many of the flaws in dental materials [10] Over the last several years, research has concentrated on developing a new and better material by fusing nanofillers with silicone material that uses both the rigidity of the polymer matrix and the pliability of the nano-oxides (12). Different materials can be used in the field of maxillofacial restorations such as chlorinated polyethylene, polymethylmethacrylate, acrylic, polyurethanes, polyvinyl chlorides and silicone elastomers. Keywords: absorption; group; materials; nano; pmid; silicone; solubility; srtio3; temperature; vol; water
• Absence of history of oral cleft in first-degree relatives of patients with prostate cancer by de Alvarenga Diniz Fonseca, Cláudia; Reis Barbosa Martelli, Daniella; Freitas Almeida, Ianná Luana; Hassen Sales, Galeno; Soares de Andrade, Rodrigo; Oliveira Dias, Verônica; Monteiro de Barros, Letízia; Martelli Júnior, Hercílio (2019) - Abstract Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) in families of patients with prostate cancer (PC). Absence of history of oral cleft in first-degree relatives of patients with prostate cancer. Keywords: brazil; cancer; cleft; history; lip; nscl; palate; patients; pmid; prostate; relatives
• Investigation of surface topography of different root-end filling materials: An in vitro study by Koruyucu, Mine; Özcan, Hazal; Bayram, Merve; Cankaya, Abdullah Burak; Keklikoglu, Nurullah; Seymen, Figen (2019) - There are calcium silicate–based root repair materials developed, such as; ProRoot Mineral Triokside Aggregate (MTA), MTA Plus and MTA Angelus [7,10]. The samples were randomly separeted to three groups (Group A: Ca(OH)2, Group B: MTA Angelus, Group C: ProRoot MTA), each one of them was comprised of 12 roots. Keywords: angelus; calcium; end; filling; materials; mta; pmid; root; samples; study; surface

• Sodium Fluoride Varnish versus Silver Diamine Fluoride Effectiveness to Stop Dental Decay in Primary Molars by Almallah, Lubna Abdulelah Abdulrahman; Fahmi, Mohammed Qays Mahmoud; Al-Lehaibi, Wurood Khairallah (2025) - Results: AXer 6-month intervals, the rate of caries arrest was in group 1(NaF varnish – 40.4%) while in group 2 (SDF – 66.6%) and aXer 12-month intervals the rate of caries arrest was (NaF varnish – 47.6%) for group 1 and (SDF- 88%) for group 2 (p<0.05). Children were examined for caries arrest and recalled at 6- and 12-month. Keywords: 0luoride; caries; children; dental; group; lesions; naf; sdf; silver; varnish
• 3D Printed Cast Is more Accurate than Conventional Stone Cast for Single Tooth Supported Fixed Prosthesis by Ali, AlNamel Hasanen (2025) - 1055 D3000 new imprint Word template Vol 13, No 1 (2025) ISSN 2167-8677 (online) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.1055 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu 3D Printed Cast Is more Accurate than Conventional Stone Cast for Single Tooth Supported Fixed Prosthesis AlNamel Hasanen Ali College of Den*stry, University of Basrah Iraq Abstract Objec0ve: Studying the clinical adaptaFon of the crown in relaFon to the finished line of the prepared abutment and assessing the fit and precision of single unit fixed dental prosthesis made on digitally printed posiFve replica casts that created by printers depending on digital intra oral scanning by using filament material of resin material were the goals of this in vitro invesFgaFon. Materials and Methods: AQer acquiring digital virtual casts through intraoral scanning of the prepared teeth using a 3Shape trios 4 intraoral scanners, ten digitally printed posiFve replica casts were created using a3D printers depending on digital intra oral scan- ning. Keywords: 3dp; accuracy; cast; dental; digital; internal; prosthesis; rms; stone; values
• Long term radiographic evaluation of a potentially impacted and dilacerated tooth into complete transposition by shafiee, Hassan Ali; Nahvi, Golnaz; Aghdashi, Farzad; Karami, Shahryar (2021) - Keywords: Tooth transposition; ectopic eruption; maxillary canine; orthodontic treatment Citation: Ali Shafiee H, et al. (2021) Tooth transposition is a rare anomaly of dentition that interchanges position of two teeth that are adjacent to each other [8]. Keywords: canine; dental; follow; left; maxillary; patient; root; term; tooth; transposition; treatment; yazdanian
• Evaluation of the Most Common Dental Procedural Errors Leading to Lawsuits and the Relevant Reasons in Three Dental Clinics in Tehran by Yazdanian, Mohsen; Rafiei, Esmail; Rahmani, Aghil; Tahmasebi, Elahe; Hajiesfandiari, Abbas (2021) - They evaluated 4159 lawsuit filed due to dental errors from 2000 to 2910 in Spain. Increasing dentists’ awareness and knowledge about dental lawsuits might increase their awareness, resulting in increased attention to details during treatment. Keywords: cases; clinics; dental; dentists; errors; lawsuits; patients; study; tehran; treatment
• A Study on Patient Behaviors Towards Dental Visits and Oral Health during COVID-19 Outbreak by Mahmood, Marriam (2022) - The participants (N=502) answered questions about their oral health, trust level for dental offices, and chief concerns and preferences related to dental visits during the COVID-19 outbreak. Variables Categories COVID-19 impact on oral health COVID-19 impact on oral hygiene Positive No Negative P-value, N Positive No Negative P-value, N % (No.) Keywords: covid-19; dental; doi; health; impact; oral; outbreak; pandemic; patient; respondents; visits
• Impact of COVID-19 on the frequency of dental appointments and types of dental health care services by Alshami, Muhanad L.; Abdulkareem, Ali A.; Gul, Sarhang S.; Shareef, Yasir A. (2022) - In addition, the Impact of COVID-19 on the frequency of dental appointments and types of dental health care services Vol 10 No 1 (2022) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2022.194 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu incidence of severe symptoms and mortality due to COVID-19 has been low among younger people [23, 24], which has made them less fearful of seeking dental treatment during the pandemic. Odds ratio CI: confidence interval ǂ Reference variable Impact of COVID-19 on the frequency of dental appointments and types of dental health care services Vol 10 No 1 (2022) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2022.194 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu dental records and meaningful findings of reduced frequency of dental patient appointments as well as a significant decrease in the number of non-urgent dental patients. Keywords: appointments; care; covid-19; dental; frequency; health; impact; pandemic; patients
• In-Vitro antibacterial activity of glass ionomer cements containing silver nanoparticles synthesized from leaf extract of Mentha piperita by Goldani Moghadam, Mahdjoube; Bagherzade, Aylin; Ghorbanzade, Fateme; Hanafi-Bojd, Mohammad Yahya; Yousefi, Masoud (2022) - Particle size of M. piperita AgNPs. Incorporation of silver nanoparticle to orthodontic glass ionomer cements in the rat caries disease model enhanced its bactericidal effect on S. mutans [38]. Keywords: activity; agnps; cement; dental; effect; extract; gic; glass; glass ionomer; ionomer; journal; leaf; mentha; orthodon; piperita; silver
• Haitian orphan population and protective factors against caries by Rea, Madelyn (2016) - Haitian  orphan  population  and  protective  factors  against  caries   Madelyn  Rea1     1  University  of  Pi.sburgh  School  of  Dental  Medicine,  Pi.sburgh  PA,  USA Abstract   Objec&ve  In  Hai',  families  were  torn  apart  and  children  were  le6  orphans  a6er  the  2010  earthquake.   We  report  es(mates  of  early  childhood  caries  (ECC)  frequency,  risk  factors  and  quality  of  health   among  Hai)an  children. Keywords: caries; children; dental; factors; health; home; idadee
• Effect of Vocal Anesthesia on Adult Dental Patients during Covid-19 pandemic period by Alsunbuli, Mudher MB.; Attyia, Marwa A.; Hassan, Amer; Ghazi, Hasanain Faisal (2023) - To demonstrate that vocal anesthesia can improve analgesia in dental procedures this study aimed to assess vocabulary Effect of Vocal Anesthesia on Adult Dental Pa5ents during Covid-19 pandemic period Vol 11 No 1 (2023) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2023.449 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu communication as support to dental anesthesia on adult dental patients. Dental anxiety can be alleviated by talking to the pa5ents before the procedure, which could reduce the amount of pain. Keywords: adult; age; anesthesia; anxiety; covid-19; dental; pain; pandemic; patients; study; vas
• Evaluating Child Behavior and Preference Toward NumBee and Traditional Syringe (a Randomized Clinical Trial) by Duaa Kamal Naji; Zainab Juma Jafar (2024) - Dental needle injections have long been a source of worry and anxiety for individuals needing to face the dentist The most distressing part of the dental anesthesia experience is the use of a needle, which is referred to as “needle phobia” or blenophobia and may be the reason for delaying dental treatments Keywords: anesthesia; behavior; children; dental; frankl; injection; numbee; pain; preference; scale; study; syringe; trial
• Tea Tree Oil Effect on Dimensional Change and Detail Reproduction of Addition Silicon Impression Material by Samier Hammed, Samir; Al-Khafaji, Aseel Mohammed (2024) - Do dental impression materials play a role in cross contamination? Abstract Objec&ve: Impression materials are thought to be the one of the primary sources of cross infec&on between pa&ents and den&sts. Keywords: addition; change; dental; detail; effect; impression; impression material; material; oil; silicon; specimens; tea; tree; tto
• Determination of Operators' Portable X-ray Safety by Mohammed Ayad Taha; I. Al-Jobory, Ahmed; Y. Mohammed, Haitham (2024) - Methods: Three types of portable X-ray devices (portable X-ray system (Clarox, Eigh;eth, and QiN high-frequency microfocus dental X-ray units) were used. When X-ray equipment is being used, it is customary to have a certain location that is known as a controlled area in the United Kingdom. Keywords: dental; device; dose; exposure; operators; portable; radia;on; radiation; ray; rays; safety
• DMFT and PUFA Indices in First Permanent Molars of Iraqi Children in Najaf City by Mahdi Khalel , Ansam; Basim Ali , Mustafa; Adil Sadiq, Maytham; M. Ibrahim, Salah; Hameed Ali , Shatha (2024) - Dental caries prevalence and risk factors among 12- year-old schoolchildren from Baghdad, Iraq: a post- war survey. Conclusion: Caries prevalence and severity increased with age and was high in first permanent molars. Keywords: caries; children; city; dental; dmft; index; journal; molars; najaf; prevalence; pufa; study; years
• Assessment of Oral Histology Knowledge and Its Application in Clinical Orthodontics, Operative Dentistry, Oral Medicine, and Oral Surgery by Selma Merza Hasan; A. Almashhadi, Zainab; F. Hussein, Amjed; Hemeed Abbas, Heider (2024) - Methods: A cross-sec>onal survey was conducted from February to May 2024 among dental students from both public and private ins>tu>ons in Iraq. Conclusion: This study provides insights into the perceived value of oral histology educa>on among dental students and its applica>on in clinical prac>ce. Keywords: clinical; dental; dentistry; extent; histology; knowledge; medicine; students; surgery; understanding
• Assessment of Periodontal Health Status and Treatment Needs Among Dental Students of Al-Kufa University by Using the Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs: A Cross-Sectional Study by Rusul Subhi Hassan; Zanbaq Azeez Hanoon; M. Ibrahim, Salah; Nabaa Basim Alhusseini (2024) - 752+2024 Assessment of Periodontal Health Status and Treatment Needs Among Dental Students of Al-Kufa University by Using the Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs: A Cross-SecConal Study Vol 12 No 2 (2024) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2024.752 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu Assessment of Periodontal Health Status and Treatment Needs Among Dental Students of Al-Kufa University by Using the Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs: A Cross-Sectional Study Rusul Subhi Hassan, Zanbaq Azeez Hanoon, Salah M. Ibrahim*, Nabaa Basim Alhusseini Faculty of Dentistry, Kufa University, Najaf, Iraq *Corresponding Author Abstract Objec>ve: This cross-sec4onal study aimed to assess the periodontal status and treatment needs of undergraduate dental students at Al-Kufa University in Iraq and inves4gated the influence of demographic factors (age and gender) and oral hygiene prac4ces (tooth brushing technique, frequency of brushing, use of interdental aids, dental visit paDerns) on periodontal health. This mul`stage sampling procedure ensured a representa`ve sample of undergraduate dental students from all academic years, minimizing sampling bias and enhancing the generalizability of the findings to the broader student popula`on. Keywords: community; cpitn; cross; dental; health; index; kufa; periodontal; status; students; study; treatment; treatment needs; university
• Physiological Status of Some Selected Salivary Antioxidants in Dental Caries by Banoosh Alayoubi, Sulafa Khair Al-Deen; Al-Kaysi, Intesar Jasim; Ayad, Hadeel; Azawi, Esraa (2025) - Conclusion: Salivary uric acid may act as a biomarker of dental caries. Abstract Objec&ve: Uric acid and total protein are the two main anBoxidants in saliva, and dental caries is the oral disease that affects most of the total populaBon. Keywords: acid; caries; dental; health; oral; protein; salivary; status; study; total
• Impact of Soft Drinks Consumption on Salivary pH Levels by Alghaffari, Doaa; Yaseen H. Motea; Alogaidi, Hiba (2025) - Information on the impacts of consuming soft drinks is limited, so the current investigation aimed to determine the impacts of some drinks on saliva pH values. Conclusion: The studied drinks cause a decrease in salivary pH that returns to original values within 60 minutes. Keywords: caries; decay; dental; drinks; levels; saliva; study
• Study the Effect of Chemical Solutions on Disinfection in Prosthodontics Clinic Using Digital Ultrasonic Cleaner by M. Al-Kateb, Hala (2025) - The study’s findings revealed no statistically significant disparities in the antimicrobial efficacy between sodium hypochlorite solution and chlorhexidine. Study the Effect of Chemical Solu9ons on Disinfec9on in Prosthodon9cs Clinic Using Digital Ultrasonic Cleaner. Keywords: chemical; cleaner; clinic; dental; denture; disinfection; doi; effect; growth; hypochlorite; sodium; study
• Mechanical Characteristics of Teeth Restored with Innovative Functionally Graded Posts Made of Titanium-Hydroxyapatite-Bioactive Glass by Abdulmunem, Mohamed; Kutty, Muralithran; Haliza Abd Majid, Wan; Hayaty Abu Kasim, Noor; Dabbagh, Ali; Yahya, Noor; Abdullah, Hadijah (2025) - It is evident that when FGDPs made using the Ti-HA-BG technology was compared to other dental posts that are sold commercially, they func+oned be\er as dental posts. Novel func+onally graded dental posts were fabricated, and their mechanical proper+es were evaluated and then compared with three different commercially dental posts. Keywords: dental; fgdps; fracture; posts; root; steel; stress; teeth; titanium
• Effect of Smartphone Application Reminder on Improving Oral Hygiene by Ali Hadi Fahad (2025) - 894 D3000 new imprint Word template Vol 13, No 1 (2025) ISSN 2167-8677 (online) DOI 10.5195/d3000/2025.894 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Effect of Smartphone Application Reminder on Improving Oral Hy- giene Ali Hadi Fahad College of Den*stry, University of Kufa, Iraq These in- clude localized in=lammation in the free and attached gingiva, reversible with bio=ilm dis- ruption, and high bacterial plaque levels trig- gering or worsening the condition [1,2]. Keywords: application; dental; doi; group; health; hygiene; plaque; smartphone; study
• Minimally Invasive Approaches in Pediatric Dentistry by Mohammed Khammas , Sarah; Thabet Musa, Hamsa; Sami Malik, Saja; Faris Abdulazeez, Samara; Mohammed Khammas, Asmaa; Abdullah Abbas, Shatha (2025) - Vishwanathaiah, S., Maganur, P. C., Maafa, S. M., Tulays, A. M., Hakami, M. M., Albar, N. H., Alessa, N., Alhakami, K., Assiry, A. A., Alfaqih, A. I., & Syed, A. A. (2025). Ali, M. A. S., Alrafee, S. A., Metwally, N. I., Salem, A., Badawy, S., & Abdallah, S. A. (2025). Keywords: caries; children; dental; denwstry; doi; fluoride; health; journal; resin; review; silver; study; technique; teeth; tooth; treatment
• Aesthetic Perception and psychological impact of molar-incisor hypomineralisation among patients and parents by da Silva, Fernanda Mafei Felix; Vasconcelos Cruz, Christiane; Leal, Luise; de Castro Costa, Marcelo (2019) - Furthermore, the appearance of MIH teeth (displayed as the perception of teeth being stained) was perceived by and influenced both children and parents. Regarding dental caries in the present study, there was no statistically significant association between MIH and dental caries, although other studies related to MIH showed increased caries susceptibility in MIH patients [26,27]. Keywords: caries; children; dental; impact; incisor; mih; molar; parents; patients; perception; teeth
• Treatment of Non Syndromic Hypodontia Associated with Generalized Microdontia with Fiber Reinforced Resin Composite Bridges by Nobakht, Atoosa; Nabizadeh, Sara; Ranjbar Omrani, Ladan (2025) - FRC bridge was fabricated to replace tooth 55 with abutments of teeth 16 and 54. Then teeth were prepared for bonding and a thin layer of composite was placed on tooth. Keywords: composite; dental; fiber; hypodontia; microdontia; non; syndromic; teeth; tooth; treatment
• A Cross-Sectional Study of Environment Stress Among Undergraduate Dental Students by Yaseen, Huda A.; Majbil, Dhaffar Alwan; Jabber, Wathba Mohammed; Al-Rashidi, Reyadh R.; Alalawy, Umelbaneen J.; Radhi, Sarab M. Zeki (2025) - Stress levels are similar between students from private and public universi- Ees. 918 D3000 new imprint Word template Vol 13, No 1 (2025) ISSN 2167-8677 (online) DOI 10.5195/d3000/2025.918 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu A Cross-Sectional Study of Environment Stress Among Undergraduate Dental Students Huda A. Yaseen, Dhaffar Alwan Majbil, Wathba Mohammed Jabber, Reyadh R. Al-Rashidi, Umelbaneen J. Alalawy, Sarab M. Zeki Radhi College of Den*stry, University of Kut, Wasit, Iraq Abstract ObjecEve: Stress is a prevalent issue in the field of dental educaEon, with numerous studies highlighEng its impact on students. Keywords: dental; grade; mean; stress; stressors; students; study; university
• Evaluation of Irrigation Solutions and Activation Techniques in Endodontic Therapy by Thanaa Ghani Nema; Hamsa Zaki Al-Assadi; Zaidoon Hasan Mohammed (2025) - Email: thanaa.g@uokerbala.edu.iq Introduc)on The evolution of irrigation in endodontics has greatly impacted the success of root ca- nal treatments, with advancements in irri- gant solutions and activation methods play- ing crucial roles. Variables and Measurements Some of the key variables associated with the practice of irrigation were measured in the study. Keywords: activation; canal; dental; irrigation; methods; participants; practitioners; respondents; root; study; systems; techniques; ultrasonic
• Digital Versus Conventional Impressions by Abdulrazzaq, Mohammad Munthir; Mohammed , Mithaq R. (2025) - Results: Differences between digital impressions were less noNcea- ble when comparing them to silicone impressions, according to a visual analysis of stacked datasets. According to this in vivo inves- NgaNon, digital impression technology outperforms tradiNonal ompression techniques. Keywords: accuracy; clinical; data; dental; impressions; imprint; methods; oral; research; vivo
• Radiographic Quality of Root Canal Therapy Accomplished Clinically by Undergraduate Dental Students by Thulficar Ghali Hameed Al-Khafaji; Azal Al-Masoody; Qasim Abdulkareem Mohammed; Zainab Mahmood Al-Jammali; Mays Ali Azeez Alanz (2025) - Endodon@cs: The outcome of root canal treatment. Technical quality of root canal treatment and detec@on of iatrogenic errors in an undergraduate dental clinic. Keywords: canal; dental; errors; phase; quality; root; students; treatment
• Impact of Smoking on Halitosis and Oral Bacterial Infections by Alghaffari, Doaa Raad; Sulaiman Al Alousi, Mays Wael; Alani, Raya; Ahmed Mahdi, Dina (2025) - Questionnaire Number of respond- ents Percentage (%) χ2 (P-value) Gender Males 218 72.4% 60.548 ** (0.0001) Females 83 27.6% Total 301 100% -- Age 10-20 63 20.9% 72.605 ** (0.0001) 21-31 171 56.8% 32-43 47 15.6% 44-55 14 4.7% 56-66 5 1.7% More than 66 1 0.3% Total 301 100% -- Education level Primary School 8 2.7% 648.11 ** (0.0001) Junior high school 8 2.7% High School 17 5.6% University 236 78.4% Master degree 32 10.6% Total 301 100% Frequency of dental visit per year 1 155 51.5% 114.82 ** (0.0001) 2 59 19.6% Impact of Smoking on Halitosis and Oral Bacterial InfecHons Vol 13, No 1 (2025) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.981 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu 5 3 44 14.6% 3< 43 14.3% Total 301 100% Do you brush your teeth? The structured quesHonnaire included demographics, oral hygiene behaviors, medical and dental history, lifestyle behaviors, awareness of halitosis and its social consequences in others. Keywords: breath; dental; halitosis; impact; participants; smoking; total
• Barriers Toward Better CBCT Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice by Alnuaimy, Amaal; Mohammed, Yasmin; Hussein Ali, Nagham; M. Sharki, Ammar; Alhamdani, Faaiz (2025) - However, there was no significant relaOonship between gender and referral fre- quency for CBCT (P = 0.068), also, there were no staOsOcally significant differences were no- Oced in the specialists' responses in comparison to GPs about following guidelines for CBCT request (P = 0.167), having formal training on CBCT (P = 0.255), their adequacy of knowledge of CBCT (P = 0.293), and the need for CBCT training (P = 0.058). Conclu- sion: The major barrier toward beEer CBCT KAP was the lack of undergraduate training to CBCT imaging. Keywords: cbct; dental; imaging; knowledge; radiation; training

• Analysis of Different Symptoms Associated with Temporomandibular Joint Complaints by Natheer Ayed Jassem (2025) - Conclusion: A high frequency of individuals experiences TMD symptoms. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) typi- cally manifest through a wide range of symp- toms, such as pain, limited jaw movement, abnormal joint sounds, and functional difLi- culties including problems with chewing and speaking. Keywords: disorders; joint; pain; patients; symptoms; tmd
• Oral Mucosal Lesions Associated with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances by Ali, Maha Mohammed Abd; Omar Abdul Jabbar Abdul Qader; Haider, Ahmed M.A.; Khashman, Basim Mohammed (2025) - To determine the prevalence and types of oral mucosal lesions associated with fixed metal orthodonNc appliances and assess their correlaNon with paNent demographics and treatment duraNon. Prompt intervention when lesions develop 4. Keywords: appliances; journal; lesions; mucosal; orthodontic; patients; treatment
• Comparative effects of Salvizan gel (containing Salvia officinalis extract) and triamcinolone acetonide gel on the duration and symptoms of oral lichenoid reactions by Ghalayani, Parichehr; Pakravan, Fahimeh; Abbasi, Fatemeh (2022) - Keywords: Lichenoid reaction, Gel, Scarlet sage, Triamcinolone Citation: Ghalayani P, et al. (2022) Comparative effects of Salvizan gel (containing Salvia officinalis extract) and triamcinolone acetonide gel on the duration and symptoms of oral lichenoid reactions. The characteristics of oral lichenoid reactions include unilateral clinical presentation along with a significant number of plasma cells in lymphocytic community, accumulation of materials or cells in the tissues around the vessels, increase of colloid bodies and presence of acute inflammatory cells such as eosinophils and neutrophils Keywords: gel; lichenoid; oral; pain; patients; planus; reactions; salvizan; treatment; triamcinolone
• Durability of different types of Mouthwashes on the Salivary Buffering system in Orthodontic Patients. by R. Alkasso, Israa; Salih Al Qassar, Sarmad S.; Taqa, Ghada A. (2021) - Comparison between mouthwashes As these mouthwashes have different pH and different in persisting time in the mouth, herbal mouthwash enhances salivary buffering capacity and show the highest salivary pH in compare with baseline salivary pH and other tested groups as it has highest pH (7.2) and persisted for longer period in the mouth (long durability), chlorohexidine in second place showed result approach to herbal mouthwash, homemade green tea mouthwash increases salivary pH after gargling but not reach baseline Green tea mouthwash fail to control salivary pH for long duration. Keywords: baseline; chlorohexidine; gargling; green; min; mouthwash; patients; salivary; tap; tea; water
• A Randomised Control Trial for Comparative Evaluation of 3-D Versus 2-D Miniplates For Internal Fixation Of Mandibular Fractures by Kumar, Sanjay; Iyer, Nageshwar; Jain, Mansi (2022) - AIM: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of 3D versus 2D mini bone plates used for internal fixa3on of mandibular fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospec3ve randomized control trial was conducted on 20 pa3ents with mandibular fractures in the symphysis and parasymphysis regions. Keywords: doi; fractures; group; mandibular; miniplates; patients
• Pilot study of pre-maxilla replacement and bone graft in a patient with lip and palate clefts: transforaminal relationship between upper canines and bone graft by Carlini, João Luis; Del Santo, Danielle; Asami, Kesia Keiko (2015) - Comparative analysis between time of surgery and bone graft donor area Surgical Follow-up Donor Area Frequency Average Standard Devia- tion P-value Iliac Crest 24 5.1 1.4 0.033 Chin 30 6.2 2.1 Total 24 5.7 1.9 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu/ Familial aggregation of anxiety associated with bruxism Vol 3, No 1 (2015) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2015.36 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu 4 patients it was verified that the type of cleft was the labiopalatal bi- lateral type, and 21 possessed uni- lateral lip and palatal cleft. Materials and Methods: 54 records were eval- uated from cleft patients that were under treatment at CAIF - Center of Attention to Clefts in Curitiba, PR, Brazil, both sexes, with unilateral and bilateral lip and palate clefts. Keywords: area; bone; bone graft; canines; cleft; crest; graft; iliac; maxilla; patients; pre
• Oral symptoms of patients tested positive for COVID-19 with mild severity- a cross-sectional study by Tavakoli, Fatemeh; Lavaee, Fatemeh; TazarviFardShirazi, Maryam; Fattahi, Shirin (2022) - All the participants had COVID-19 symptoms like fever, shivering body ache, and headache. In the present study, oral health and manifestations have been assessed in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms with no hospitalization history. Keywords: covid-19; disease; herpes; infection; journal; lesions; oral; patients; study; symptoms; taste; xerostomia
• Oral mucosal lesions in patients with pemphigus and pemphigoid skin diseases: a cross sectional study from southern India. by Rajendra Santosh, Arvind Babu; Reddy Baddam, Venkat Ramana; Anuradha, Chigurupati; Poosarla, Chandrashekar (2017) - Higher  prevalence  of  oral   mucosal  lesions  were  observed  in   Pemphigus  14(100%),  and  in  pem-­‐ phigoid  2(12.5%)  (Figure  5)     Initial  site  involvement  of  skin  versus   oral  mucosa  in  pemphigus  and  pemphi-­‐ goid   A  to-­‐ tal  of  60%   (18  out  of   30)  patients   has  skin  as  a   initial  site  of   manifesta-­‐ tion,  and   40%  (12  out   of  30)  as   oral  mucosa   as  a  initial   site  of  manifestation  of  diseases.   The  patients’  con-­‐ ditions  such  as  pemphigus  and   pemphigoid  were  diagnosed  by   consultant  dermatologist  of  the   hospital,  and  dental  surgeon  per-­‐ formed  oral  examination  and  bi-­‐ opsy  procedure  for  histological   and  Immunofluorescence  exami-­‐ nation. Keywords: disease; lesions; mucosal; oral; patients; pemphigoid; pemphigus; site; study
• Comparative analysis of serum titanium level in patient with healthy dental implant and patients with peri-implantitis- A cross sectional prospective study by S, Mahantesha; Shetty, Vibha; K, Kranti; Subbaiah, Shobha; C, Greeshma; Alva, Babashankar; Sharma, Manish (2024) - Titanium or titanium admixtures are the usual constituents of titanium implants, given their mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, the emphasis should be on reducing the corrosion of titanium implants. Keywords: analysis; group; implant; implantitis; level; month; patients; peri; serum; study; titanium
• Could recurrent aphthous stomatitis be linked to cancer development? by Norton, Emily (2017) - RAS  is  also  known  to   accumulate  in  families,  giving  fur-­‐ ther  strength  to  the  theory  of  a   genetic  cause  [5].   Family  Member  I:2   The  initial  presentation  of   RAS  is  seen  in  the  first  generation,   in  patient  I:2. Keywords: cancer; development; family; member; patients; ras; stress; tnf-­‐α
• Inspecting Candida Oral Infections among Diabetics by Mohammed Ali Al-Garawyi, Abeer; Sami Abed, Sabreen; Sami Abd, Mortadha; Majid Mohammed Mahmood (2024) - There are numerous factors that can exacerbate the coloniza-on of Candida species in the oral cavity, including salivary pH disorders and xerostomia. Results: Out of 100 oral samples cultured, 69 yielded Candida species. Keywords: albicans; candida; diabetes; diabetic; oral; patients; resistance; species; spp
• Using Gene Transfer Technology to Restore the Salivary Gland Function in Xerostomia Patients following Radiation Therapy of Head and Neck Cancer by Hassan, Sabah (2024) - Using Gene Transfer Technology to Restore the Salivary Gland Function in Xerostomia Patients following Radiation Therapy of Head and Neck Cancer Vol 12 No 2 (2024) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2024.744 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Using Gene Transfer Technology to Restore the Salivary Gland Function in Xerostomia Patients following Radiation Therapy of Head and Neck Cancer Sabah Hassan Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Mansour University College, Baghdad, Iraq Keywords: cancer; gland; head; neck; patients; radiation; radiotherapy; therapy
• Evaluation of Diode Laser Treatment on Implant Stability, Healing Edema and Implant Survival in a Sample of Iraqi Patients Seeking Dental Implants: Single Center Study by Bakir Ghanem Murrad; Bouguila, Jed; A. Hasan, Thair (2024) - Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: study group receiving diode laser and control group receiving no laser treatment. Regarding secondary stability following 7 days, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks, there was no significant difference in its mean level between study group and control group (p> 0.05). Keywords: control; edema; group; healing; implant; laser; patients; stability; study
• Evaluation of Postoperative Pain Intensity Following the Use of Three Different Canal Preparation Systems: A Randomized Clinical Trial by Salma Issa Daheem (2025) - The VAS consists of a list of adjectives describing different levels of pain intensity with scores assigned to each of the levels of pain intensity (Table 1). Description of levels of pain intensity. Keywords: canal; debris; edm; file; intensity; pain; patients; protaper; root; study; systems; trial
• Parents' Perspectives and Awareness Concerning Oral Health Care of Pediatric Patients Receiving Chemotherapy by Fandy, Ali Najed; H. Hussein Al Jebori, Kahtan (2025) - Child's clinical information and demographics Chi-square test of Perspectives p-value p-value Age group of children 0.453 0.478 Sex 0.000 0.000 Child dependence on parents 0.134 0.000 The results of this study are consistent with studies from the United States, which showed that although the survival rate of child cancer was the same for both sexes and disagree with research performed by others [13]. Keywords: awareness; care; chemotherapy; children; health; parents; patients; perspectives; study
• Evaluation of Salivary Interleukin 6 and MicroRNA 146a in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Their Association with Periodontal Parameters by Suha Khaleel Ibrahim; Bouslama, Ghada; Oualha, Lamia (2025) - Mean ± SD of folds of miRNA146a expression in study groups. Additionally, the mean ± SD of No. of teeth in CPD patients was significantly lower than controls (24.72± 3.77 Vs 27.62± 0.80, P=0.01). Keywords: 146a; cpd; il-6; mean; parameters; patients; periodontal; salivary
• Retrospective Evaluation of Management Strategies for Zygomatic Complex Fractures: Surgical vs. Nonsurgical Interventions by Rhael Ali, Mohammed; Abed Oudah, Azhar; Ali Qasim, Basim; M. Al-Erjan, Amran; R. Lahhob, Qais; Mudhafar, Mustafa (2025) - A paradigm shift in the care of zygomatic complex fractures was brought about by the development of surgical procedures. Imaging Modalities The diagnostic precision and preoperative planning for zygomatic complex fractures have been greatly improved by technological developments in medical imaging, such as computed tomography (CT) and three-dimensional (3D) imaging. Keywords: complex; doi; fractures; interven)ons; management; outcomes; patients; reduction; strategies; study; treatment; zygomaic
• Systematic literature review of emergency department physicians’ confidence to treat dental pain and the frequency with which they prescribe pain medications: Considerations for improved outcomes. by Barna, Sara; O'Donnell, Jean; Oakley, Marnie (2019) - It is estimated that dental pain patients represent between 0.3-4% of the overall patient emergency department workload. The goal of this study was to systematically review the available literature on the topics of: 1) emergency department physicians’ training related to treating dental pain patients, and 2) the frequency in which they prescribe opioid medications to these patients. Keywords: department; doi; emergency; emergency department; medications; pain; patients; physicians; studies
• Iron Overload and Serum and Saliva Ferritin Levels in Individuals with Beta Thalassemia Needing Several Blood Transfusions by Mahdi Hadi, Anaam; Sabri Yas, Layla; A. Saeed, Shaimaa; G. Al-Dulimi, Ali (2025) - To measure the levels of iron overload in paDents with beta- thalassemia major using oral exfoliaDve cytology with the special Perl's Prussian blue stain. 2. ELISA was used to measure the ferriDn level (iron overload) in the serum and saliva of individuals with beta thalassemia major. Keywords: blood; ferritin; group; iron; levels; overload; patients; saliva; serum; thalassemia; transfusions
• Classifying Completely Edentulous Patients Using the Prosthodontic Diagnostic Index by Ali, Al Namel Hasanen; Al-Naser, Zainab H.; Refaat, Majed Mohamed (2025) - Out of the various PDI criteria, 10% of the paFents had Class IV mandibular bone heights of 10 mm or below, whereas 15% of the paFents had Class III mandibular bone heights of 11–15 mm. The primary beneDit of employing PDI is the screening that can be done in a dental school, which yields an accurate patient classiDication that can be used to assign patients to students for treatment or to refer patients to a specialist based on the case's complexity [7,23]. Keywords: bone; class; denture; height; mandibular; patients; pdi; residual; ridge; type
• Impact of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances on Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans by Aljbouri, Maryam; Al-Dabbagh, Nebras; Al-Khafaji, Thaer Jaber (2025) - Con- clusion: Fixed orthodonEc appliances significantly influence oral microbial ecology by facilitaEng colonizaEon of resistant strains of S. aureus and C. albicans. 975 D3000 new imprint Word template Vol 13, No 1 (2025) ISSN 2167-8677 (online) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.975 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Impact of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances on Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans Maryam Aljbouri, Nebras Al-Dabbagh, Thaer Jaber Al-Khafaji College of Den*stry, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq Keywords: albicans; appliances; aureus; candida; doi; isolates; journal; oral; patients; resistance; staphylococcus; staphylococcus aureus; treatment
• Tobacco use cessation efforts among private dental practitioners of Delhi, India by Mehta, Abhishek; Kaur, Gurkiran; Popli, Rishabh; Khurana, Suchi (2020) - The face and content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by sending it to five experts working in the field of tobacco cessation. Attitude of participating dentists towards tobacco cessation Most of the participating dentists were aware of the fact that TCI can be provided in a dental clinic (N=265, 89.2%) and 87.5% thought TCI in dental clinic can be effective. Keywords: cessa^on; cessation; delhi; dentists; doi; efforts; health; india; patients; study; tci; tobacco; use; years

• Nanohydroxyapatite and Novamin on Roughness and Discoloration Following Orthodontic Adhesive Removal by Ayad A. Alzubaidy; Nissan, Layth M.K.; Alkhateeb, Hiba M. (2025) - Finally, the fourth measurements were carried out a\er brushing the teeth with Novamin toothpaste and NanohydroxyapaMte toothpaste as (E4) and (R4). The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of two types of toothpaste containing NanohydroxyapaMte and Novamin on teeth surface roughness and teeth discol- oraMon following orthodonMc brackets debonding and adhesive removal. Keywords: color; enamel; group; lsh; lsn; novamin; removal; roughness; samples; surface; teeth; time; toothpaste; value
• Surgical Extrusion as an Alternative to Extraction in Non-Restorable Teeth by Areej AbdulGhafour Abdulhafidh; Kadhim, Mais R.; Dhulfiqar, Ruaa Fadhil; Abdulsattar, Safa Muneer; Ebrahim, Tuqa J. (2025) - The findings indicated that surgical extrusion achieved a success rate of 92.3% in maintaining tooth retenNon and periodontal health, significantly higher than the 85% success rate associated with tradiNonal extracNon. Notable trends included reduced postoperaNve complicaNons, such as root re- sorpNon (9.8%) and ankylosis (0%), highlighNng the advantages of surgical extrusion in preserving alveolar bone and so] Nssue architecture. Keywords: case; extraction; extrusion; journal; review; studies; success; teeth
• Connection of Some Growth Parameters and Teething in Infants by Banoosh, Sulafa Khair Al-Deen (2025) - De- layed primary tooth erupKeywords: birth; eruppon; growth; primary; study; teeth; teething; tooth
• A Clinical and Radiographic Assessment of Sodium Hypochlorite Versus Formocresol Pulpotomy in Primary Molar Teeth: 12-month Follow-up. by Bahrololoomi, Zahra; Zarebidoki, Fatemeh; Shakib, Atefeh (2021) - Email: dr.1370@yahoo.com Introduction Pulpotomy is a common therapeutic method for treatment of primary teeth in which teeth had deep carious lesions approaching the pulp and some cases also had a history of pain. Various medicaments are used in pulpotomy of primary teeth among which formocresol (FC) is the commonest. Keywords: clinical; hypochlorite; naocl; pulpotomy; sodium; study; success; teeth
• Oral health status, attitudes and gender variations among governmental school children at Al-Mafraq governate – Jordan by Smadi, Leena; Kharma, Lara; Abu Abed, Asma’a; Bny Mfarej, Eman; Abdalmohdi, Asma (2021) - Oral health status, attitudes and gender variations among governmental school children at Al-Mafraq governate – Jordan Leena Smadi1, Lara Kharma2, Asma’a Abu Abed3, Eman Bny Mfarej4, Asma Abdalmohdi 5 1 Professor; Faculty of Dentistry; Jordan University; Jordan 2 MSC Foundations in Clinical Psychology; School of Psychology; Department of Medical Sciences; Newcastle University; Jordan 3 Master’s degree in Maternal and neonatal health; Registered nurse/midwife; Head of National Woman’s Health Care Center; Jordan 4 Department of Statistics; Statistical Analysis Division; Jordan 5 RN/ Head of planning; Research and Information Department; National Woman’s Health Care Center; Jordan Abstract Objectives: Calculate the prevalence and severity of dental caries and periodontal health among school students aged 12-18 years old and their attitudes toward dental health and oral hygiene at Al-Mafraq governate- Keywords: Dental health; oral health; adolescents; dental caries. Keywords: caries; gender; health; index; jordan; mafraq; status; students; teeth
• New electronic apex locator Romiapex A-15 presented accuracy for working length determination in permanent teeth by Maia Filho, Etevaldo Matos; Rizzi, Cláudia de Castro; Oliveira, Daniela Silva Barroso de; Filho, Paulo Nelson; Silva, Raquel Assed Bezerra da; Silva, Léa Assed Bezerra da (2014) - Data obtained after the comparison between the differences in measurement of electronic apex locators Root ZX and Romiapex A-15 and real measurements. Electronic apex locator: a useful tool for root canal treatment in the primary dentition. Keywords: accuracy; apex; locators; measurements; romiapex; root; teeth
• Chronic periodontitis with familial aggregation and discordant identical twins by Grech, Sarah Christina (2015) - Gingivitis   and   periodontitis   are   the   most   common   periodontal   diseases   [1].       Gingivitis   is   reversible,  but   if   left  untreated,   can   progress   to   periodontitis   [1].     Keywords: disease; factors; periodontitis; teeth
• Is Oral Candida associated with Dental Caries in Children - A Cross Sectional Analysis. by Pai, Mithun; Yellapurkar, Shweta; Natarajan, Srikant; Shenoy, Ramya (2022) - In other words, a relationship between caries and frequency of oral Candida carriage was observed only in children with caries but a negative correlation in not obtained in non-carious age group hence further research should be directed in this direction. The objectives were, to assess the frequency of oral Candida species in children aged 12 years, to evaluate the caries experience of children aged 12 years and to correlate the frequency of oral candidal species with the caries status of the children. Keywords: albicans; candida; caries; carriage; children; correlation; cross; manipal; oral; study; teeth
• Agenesis of all third molars in two half siblings by Kaufer, Jamie A (2015) - Agenesis  of  all  third  molars  in  two  half  siblings   Jamie  A.  Kaufer1       1  University  of  Pittsburgh  School  of  Dental  Medicine,  Pittsburgh  PA,  USA     Abstract     Tooth  agenesis   is  one  of   the  most   common  dental   anomalies   and   is   influenced  by   factors  including  pa0ent  gene#cs.   Although  there  are  several  specific  genes  associated  with   certain  pa*erns  of  agenesis,  there  does  not  seem  to  be  a  gene4c  pa*ern  iden4fied  to  date   that   is   associated  with   isolated   complete   third  molar   agenesis.   Keywords: agenesis; individual; molars; teeth
• Orthodontic treatment as a possible trigger of periodontal disease by Lin, Ann (2016) - Alveolar   bone  and  teeth  loss  are  the  end   results  of  periodontal  disease  if   left  untreated  or  unattended.   Patients  with  diabetes  are  at   an  increased  risk  of  developing   periodontal  disease  because  of  the   increase  in  pro-­‐inflammatory  cy-­‐ tokines  such  as  TNF-­‐α    that  will   increase  the  host  response  to  per-­‐ iodontal  pathogens  and  conse-­‐ quently,  the  host  tissue  itself.       Keywords: disease; loss; mandibular; patient; teeth
• Third Molar Eruption Mechanisms and Patterns by Zhang, Winnie (2016) - Partial  eruption  of  third   molars  provides  an  opening  for   bacteria  to  enter  around  the   tooth.   There  are  multiple  ways  to   classify  impacted  third  molars.   Keywords: agenesis; bone; eruption; molar; teeth; tooth
• Assessment of knowledge among public and private elementary school teachers in dental trauma management by Bayram, Merve; Koruyucu, Mine; Seymen, Figen (2017) - Assessment  of  knowledge  among  public  and  private  elementary   school  teachers  in  dental  trauma  management   Merve  Bayram1,  Mine  Koruyucu2,  Figen  Seymen2      1Istanbul  Medipol  University,  School  of  Den3stry,  Department  of  Pedodon3cs,  Istanbul,  Turkey   2Istanbul  University,  Faculty  of  Den6stry,  Department  of  Pedodon6cs,  Istanbul,  Turkey Abstract   Purpose:  Trauma&c  dental  injuries,  majority  of  which  occur  at  school  and  primary  care  given  by  teacher,  should  man-­‐ aged  as   soon  as  possible.   Programs  on  increasing  the  awareness  and  mo1va1on  of  teachers  on  dental  trauma  management  in  both   types  of  schools  are  recommended.     Keywords: dent; injuries; knowledge; management; public; school; teachers; teeth; tooth; trauma; traumatol
• Prevalence of dehiscence and fenestration in Iraqi population: CBCT-based analysis by Hayder Sadiq Baker; Hamsa Jamal Mahdi; Ahmed Saad Ajeel (2024) - Alveolar bone fenestrations and dehiscences in dry Bedouin jaws. Bone dehiscence is seen in 0.99–13.4% of cases, whereas fenestration occurs in 0.23– 16.9% of cases [23]. Keywords: analysis; beam; bone; cbct; dehiscence; fenestration; orthod; prevalence; study; teeth; tomography
• The Rehabilitation of Severely Damaged Tooth Through Using a Customized Cast Post by Jwaid, Maher M.; Qabas Alanni; Zainab Tariq Al-Atya; Falah, Rand Mohammed; Ali Radhi Ibrahim (2025) - This arBcle discusses the use of cast post and core and zirconia restoraBons for a maxillary leK premolar that has been damaged. A: Cobalt-chromium alloy cast post; B: Ferrule preparation for remaining coronal tooth structure and cemented cast post. Keywords: cast; core; doi; post; teeth; tooth
• Comparison of root canal length measurement methods in primary teeth by Koruyucu, Mine; Bayram, Merve; Kasımoğlu, Yelda; Seymen, Figen (2018) - Root  resorption  generally   makes  apex  of  root  canals  in  pri-­‐ mary  teeth  ambigious.     Root  canal  length  for  each   tooth  was  measured  with  a  scale   in  milimeters  by  all  methods  (in-­‐ traoral  periapical  radiography,   RVG  and  electronic  apex  locater   before  extraction,  SEM  after  ex-­‐ traction) Keywords: accuracy; apex; canal; length; locator; methods; root; study; teeth
• Clinical Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction with Aesthetics, Retention, Function, and Comfort of Removable Complete and Partial Acrylic Dentures by Amal Qasim Ahmed; Rusul Subhi Hassan; Hussein Ali M. Hussein; Amenah Hafedh Khudhair; Nabaa Basim Alhusseini; M. Ibrahim, Salah (2025) - Finally, the results of the comparison between the paroal and complete dentures in terms of aestheoc and funcoonal characterisocs were as follows; The difference in retenoon for the upper paroal in comparison with complete dentures was significant (p=0.007) while for the lower denture it was not significant (p=0.062) and there was no significant difference between the paroal and complete denture in terms of paoent’s appearance arer wearing denture (p=0.122), but the difference in the ability to talk, chew and comfort was significant (p=0.005, p=0.025), and p=0.003, respecovely). Complete dentures are one of the most important and popular treatment options for edentulous patients in rehabilitation Keywords: acrylic; acrylic dentures; comfort; dentures; doi; func+on; journal; pa+ent; par+al; reten+on; sa+sfac+on; teeth; vol
• Apical Foramen Positional Variability and Its Minimal Distance from the Anatomical Apex in Premolars: A CBCT-Based Analytic Study by Maysaloon S. Saeed (2025) - To enhance the success rate of root canal therapy, a minimum of 1 mm safety margin from the anatomic apex in premolars is recommended to improve treatment outcomes. De Pablo OV, Estevez R, Sanchezn MP, et al. Root anatomy and canal configuration of the perma- nent mandibular first molar: a systematic re- view. Keywords: apex; distance; females; location; males; premolars; root; study; teeth

• Serum B12 and Folic Acid Level among a Sample of Iraqi Patients with Geographic Tongue by Noor S. Mohammed Ali (2025) - 1020 D3000 new imprint Word template Vol 13, No 1 (2025) ISSN 2167-8677 (online) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.1020 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Serum B12 and Folic Acid Level among a Sample of Iraqi Patients with Geographic Tongue Noor S. Mohammed Ali College of Den*stry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq Abstract Objec4ve: To assess the serum concentraGons of vitamin B12 and folic acid in individuals suffering from geographic tongue. Results: The average serum levels of Vitamin B12 (p < 0.001) and folic acid (p < 0.05) were significantly decreased in paGents with geographic tongue compared to healthy controls. Keywords: acid; b12; folic; geographic; oral; serum; tongue; vitamin
• Incorporation of Fluconazole and Ocimum Sanctum Oil in Soft Denture Liners to Treat Biofilms of Candida albicans Associated with Denture Stomatitis by Godil, Aamir Zahid; Bhagat, Diksha; Das, Parijat; Kazi, Ashi Ilyas; Dugal, Ramandeep; Satpute, Surekha (2021) - The surface roughness and hardness of soft denture liners remains more or less unaltered after incorporation of antifungal agents. Due to their shortcomings, the concept of incorporating antifungal agents in denture liners was advocated. Keywords: agents; albicans; antifungal; biofilms; candida; cells; denture; doi; fluconazole; liners; mic; oil; oral; sanctum; surface
• Summary of the IADR Cariology Research, Craniofacial Biology, and Mineralized Tissue Groups Symposium, Iguaçu Falls, Brazil, June 2012: Gene-environment Interactions and Epigenetics in Oral Diseases: Enamel Formation and its Clinical Impact on Tooth Defects, Caries, and Erosion by Modesto, Adriana; Klein, Ophir; Tenuta, Livia M.A.; Gerlach, Raquel F.; Vieira, Alexandre R. (2013) - Enamel Pathogenesis: Biochemistry Lessons (Presenter L.M.A. Tenuta) Dental enamel is the hardest structure of the human body. The common fate of dental enamel and teeth has changed during human history. Keywords: caries; dent; disease; doi; enamel; factors; fluoride; formation; health; oral; perp; res; research; surface; symposium; tuftelin
• Epstein-Barr virus predominance and immunological abnormalities in oral squamous cell carcinoma by Ghadhban, Ahmed Talib; Jassim, Marwa Mohammed Ali; Mahmood, Majid Mohammed (2023) - Microsoft Word - 483 2023.docx Epstein-Barr virus predominance and immunological abnormali6es in oral squamous cell carcinoma Vol 11 No 1 (2023) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2023.483 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu Epstein-Barr virus predominance and immunological abnormalities in oral squamous cell carcinoma Ahmed Talib Ghadhban1, Marwa Mohammed Ali Jassim1, Majid Mohammed Mahmood2 1College of Dentistry, Al-Muthanna University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq 2Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq Abstract BACKGROUND: Both benign and harmful head and neck disorders have been associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Keywords: barr; cancer; carcinoma; cell; ebv; epstein; il-10; oral; oscc; study; virus
• Comparison of the Effect of Ketorolac and Betamethasone Injection on Post Complications of Third Molar Surgery (A Clinical Trial) by Omidpanah, Neda; Tarabosi, Parnian; Nazari, Hamed (2024) - In addition, a study by Selvaraj et al. showed that there is no statistically significant difference between methylprednisolone injection into the masseter muscle and gluteal muscle injection in terms of pain after impacted third molar surgery In Paiva-Oliveira [15] clinical trial study in 2016, compared 10 mg of oral ketorolac (1 hour before third molar surgery and then every 8 hours for two days) with 8 mg of oral dexamethasone (1 capsule 1 hour before Third molar surgery) and concluded that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of pain and edema variables. Keywords: betamethasone; effect; group; ketorolac; molar; mouth; opening; oral; pain; study; surgery; swelling; trial
• Association of Dental Caries with Different ABO Blood Groups by Kamil, Saif Saad; Khaudhair, Aseel Taha; Hamid, Hind Thyab (2024) - This work tested the associa'on between ABO blood group and dental caries. CONCLUSION: ABO blood group was associated with dental caries disease. Keywords: abo; abo blood; blood; caries; experience; groups; journal; oral; study; type
• Salivary Caries-Related Microorganisms and Demographics of a Group of Children by Qasim, Alhan Ahmed; Khalaf, Muna Saleem; Taha, Ghada Ibrahim; Jafar , Zainab Juma (2025) - Also, because this study is a cross- sectional in design, it could not give the causal relation between salivary caries related microorganisms and development of caries, depending on different demographics. Demographic Variables Mean SE Test P value Child age 3-6 years .220 .031 3.308 0.001 7-10 years .462 .066 Keywords: caries; children; demographics; doi; group; health; lactobacilli; microorganisms; mutans; oral; percentile; saliva; salivary; streptococcus; study
• Efficacy of Intraoral and Extraoral Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) in Managing Pain and Swelling After Surgical Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar by Hameed, Abdulhameed Salim; Hentati, Hajer Ali Ahmed (2025) - It is time to test low level laser therapy in Great Britain. Assessing health-related quality of life with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) and low level laser therapy (LLLT) after third molar removal. Keywords: day; edema; group; journal; laser; laser therapy; level; level laser; lllt; low; mandibular; molar; oral; pain; removal; study; surgery; swelling; therapy
• Relation of Amelogenin Gene Polymorphisms to Dental Caries Among Iraqi Teenagers by Elaf Abdulkareem Alidan; Taha Mohammed, Ahlam; Hassan Al-Ghurabi, Batool (2025) - Abstract Objec&ve: To examine the rela.onship between dental caries and single nucleo.de polymorphisms (SNPs) in AMELX gene. Despite the advancement of methods for prevention and treatment, dental caries remains a significant concern, impacting the quality of life [2,3]. Keywords: allele; amelogenin; amelx; caries; enamel; gene; group; oral; polymorphisms; saliva; snps; study; tooth
• Oral Contraceptives Are Associated with a Higher Risk of Dental Inflammatory and Bleeding Disorders by Asmaa Sami Jawad (2025) - Compared to non-users, case women had average probing depths that were deeper. 874 D3000 new imprint Word template Vol 13, No 1 (2025) ISSN 2167-8677 (online) DOI 10.5195/d3000/2025.874 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Oral Contraceptives Are Associated with a Higher Risk of Dental In- flammatory and Bleeding Disorders Asmaa Sami Jawad1 1College of Den*stry, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq Abstract Objec0ve: Oral contracepDve pills (OCPs) are a prevalent form of contracepDon, yet their associaDon with potenDal impacts on gingival and periodontal health remains a subject of interest. Keywords: case; contraceptives; oral; women
• Radiographic Study of Osteoporosis Detection in the Jaw by Hussein Haleem Jasim (2025) - The study used the Ramus Index to calculate the grey mean values on panoramic images, which correlates with bone mineral density (BMD) compared with the data of dual-energy X-ray absorpAometry (DXA) as the gold standard ref- erence. The study evolved the Ra- mus Index (RI) to calculate the grey mean val- ues on panoramic images, which correlate with bone mineral density (BMD) using ImageJ soQ- ware. Keywords: bone; density; dxa; grey; images; index; mean; mineral; oral; osteoporosis; paaents; panoramic; study; values

• Effect of Different Surface Treatment on Hardness of Dental Alloys by Evan Hussain Alwan; Turki, Sara Abdulbast; Majeed, Zaid Ezzat Abdul (2025) - The scanning electron microscope (SEM) of soft metal after surface treatment laser. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) of (3Dprinter metal) after laser surface treatment. Keywords: group; hardness; laser; milling; surface; treatment
• Comparative evaluation of Indocyanine Green and 810nm Diode Laser Assisted Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy with 810nm Diode Laser Assisted New Attachment Procedure as adjuncts to Scaling and Root Planning in Supportive Periodontal Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Split-Mouth Clinical Trial by Gottumukkala, Sruthima NVS; Veluri, Sathya Valli; Penmetsa, Gautami Subhadra; KSV, Ramesh; Pasupuleti, Mohan Kumar; Gera, Dinesh; Vundavalli, Sravanthi (2024) - Periodontal maintenance, also known as supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), is a phase of periodontal therapy in which the periodontal condition is monitored and etiological factors are reduced or eliminated following periodontal treatment [3,4,5]. The use of diffuse laser photonic energy and indocyanine green photosensiszer as an adjunct to periodontal therapy. Keywords: diode; diode laser; green; healing; lanap; laser; pdt; periodontal; photodynamic; planning; ppd; procedure; root; scaling; study; therapy; treatment; trial
• Management of Gingival Enlargement during Orthodontic Treatment by Diode Lasers versus Conventional Method by H. Almusawi, Fatima; S. Mahdi, Shaimaa; A. Alkurtas, Salah (2024) - The average PI value following laser surgery was consistently lower than the PI value obtained through the conventional method in every week, as depicted in Figure 6. As shown in Figure 9, in one week after laser surgery, three out of 10 patients had a very good result in healing from the laser surgery, while no patient had a very good result in healing from the conventional surgery. Keywords: bleeding; diode; enlargement; gingival; group; healing; laser; management; method; study; surgery; tissue; treatment
• Class III malocclusion: an argument for early orthodontic treatment by Moe, Eric (2017) - One  of   the  most  common  classification   systems  of  malocclusion  is  Angle’s   classification  which  designates   malocclusion  into  three  catego-­‐ ries:  Class  I,  II,  and  III.   Early  referral  and  treatment  can  lead  to   be#er   outcomes   in   orthodon#c   therapy.   Keywords: age; class; iii; malocclusion; subject; treatment
• Periodontal and Biochemical Correlations during Alendronate Treatment in Postmenopausal Women: A Longitudinal Study by Al-Karawi, Aseel Jalil Ibrahim; Ali Ahmed Hentati, Hajer (2025) - For example, in a retrospective cohort study of a small number of patients with periodontitis that investigated the effect of anti- resorptive Periodontal and Biochemical Correla1ons during Alendronate Treatment in Postmenopausal Women: A Longitudinal Study Vol 13 No 1 (2025) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.813 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu therapy on alveolar bone loss, the oral medication groups did not show significant improvements in maintaining alveolar bone levels. Various studies confirmed that the systemic use of ALN in humans and some animal models reduced bone loss and increased bone density. Keywords: alendronate; bone; calcium; control; groups; loss; mean; opg; osteoporosis; periodontal; periodontitis; postmenopausal; study; treatment; women
• Topical Impact of Nanosimvastatin on Bone Fracture by Luay H. Jalil (2025) - The results showed that the treatment group with nanosimvastaKeywords: bone; defect; figure; fracture; group; healing; rabbit; simvastatin; treatment
• Histopathological Assessment of Wound Healing in Mice Treated with Helianthus Tuberosus Powder by Ali Ismiel Yawir; Sabri Yas, Layla (2025) - This study aims to iden5fy the effec5veness of tuberosus helianthus powder in skin wound healing in mice. 912 D3000 new imprint Word template Vol 13, No 1 (2025) ISSN 2167-8677 (online) DOI 10.5195/d3000/2025.912 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Histopathological Assessment of Wound Healing in Mice Treated with Helianthus Tuberosus Powder Ali Ismiel Yawir, Layla Sabri Yas College of Den*stry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq Abstract Objec5ve: Several medicinal plants have been given significant a?en5on in the medical field due to their effect on wound healing. Keywords: cells; control; day; days; durations; healing; helianthus; inclammatory; mice; powder; tissue; treatment; tuberosus; wound
• Efficacy of Two Diode Laser Wavelenghts in the Management of Masticatory Disorders and Myofascial Pain by Anes Adnan Alshamaa; Al-Kufi, Hani Mohammed; Al-Halbosi, Anmar Sadaa; Awad, Sohaib Mohammed (2025) - This study aimed to evaluate the effect of photobiomodulaLon on restricted mouth opening and pain relief in painful temporomandibular paLents by using two wave- lengths of diode laser. [36] Khalighi HR, Mortazavi H, Mojahedi SM, Azari-Marhabi S, Parvaie P, Anbari F. The efoicacy of low-level diode laser versus laser acupuncture for the treatment of myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) J Dent Anesthe Pain Med 2022;22:19–27. Keywords: diode; disorders; laser; management; mouth; opening; pain; study; therapy; treatment

• Effect of Potassium Iodide and Glutathione on Color Change and Remineralization Potential Induced by Silver Diamine Fluoride Application by ElSabaa, Salma Mohammed; El Banna, Ahmed; El Refai, Dina Ahmed (2024) - The results showed that the highest value of color change ΔE was found in SDF group II, followed by SDF + GSH group IV, and SDF + KI group III, while the lowest value was found in Group Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of GSH compared to KI on remineralization potential and teeth discoloration induced by SDF treatment of demineralized dentine. Keywords: caries; change; color; dent; diamine; diamine fluoride; effect; fluoride; glutathione; group; gsh; iii; iodide; potassium; sdf; silver
• Comparison of caries removal using Carisolv or a conventional slow speed rotary instrument on a group of children aged 4-14 years in private specialized clinic in Baghdad by Ali, Nidhal; Ali, Abduloma; Baker, Istabraq (2023) - The aim of this research was to compare a chemical-mechanical approach of caries removal with rotary instruments for children's deciduous and permanent teeth using Carisolv® gel and determine whether anesthesia is required. Microsoft Word - 450 2023.docx Comparison of caries removal using Carisolv or a conven2onal slow speed rotary instrument on a group of children aged 4-14 years in private specialized clinic in Baghdad Vol 11 Keywords: caries; carisolv; children; group
• Effect of Menthe and Green Tea Volatile Oil Extract on Streptococcus mutans, a Bacterium Species Isolated from Dental Caries by Abdulmunem Abdulafeet, Mohamed; A. Jaber, Sura; A. Alshamaa, Anes; Mohameed Awad, Sohaib (2025) - No 1 (2025) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.860 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu Effect of menthe and green tea volatile oil extract on S. mutans The goal of the study was to determine how the volatile menthol and green tea oils affected the development of the S. mutans bacteria by measuring the widths of the inhibition zones 48 hours after incubation, and then the findings were determined. Results Percentage yield of volatile oils extracted Results in Table 1 showed the percentage yield of volatile oils offered the height percentage of the mentha volatile oils extract (3%), and green tea has a variety of volatile oil components that are naturally produced and accumulate in plants (2%). Keywords: bacteria; caries; extract; menthe; mutans; oil; tea
• Relationship between Soft Drink Consumption and Salivary pH by Najim Osman, Noah; Abdulkhalik, Hozan Ahmed (2025) - Chi-Square (P-value) percentage number of responses Questionnaire hot drinks 189.66 (0.0001) 50 736 Tea 3.2 46 Green tea 22.2 327 Coffee 20.8 306 Nscafe 3.8 56 Others -- 100 1471 Total how often do you drink hot drinks 192.52 (0.0001) 40.7 600 Public health interven- Fons for promoFng educaFonal public health strategies targeFng youth about important issues related to soI drink consumpFon should work to significantly reduce consumpFon of soI drinks and promote healthier alternaFves. Keywords: caries; consumption; day; drink; health; study; total

• Shear Bond Strength and SEM/EDX of Two Bioactive Bulk Fill Resin Base Composite Restorations by Al Azawee, Rana Fahad Ahmed; Al Shakir, Nadia Modhafer Ahmed (2025) - Ladino, L. G., Bernal, A., Calderón, D., & Cortés, D. (2021). Abuljadayel, R., Aljadani, N., Almutairi, H., & Turkistani, A. (2023). Keywords: artibicial; bioactive; bond; bond strength; bulk; cention; composite; dentin; forte; materials; predicta; resin; saliva; sem; shear; storage; strength; study; surface
• Effect of Strontium Titanate Addition on Antifungal, Physical and Mechanical Properties of Soft-Liners by Alabed, Zakaria; Al-Khafaji, Aseel Mohammed (2025) - denture liners are essenEal in prosthodonEcs due to their ability to cushion masEcatory forces and provide comfort to paEents with compromised oral Essues. denture liner was sourced from. Keywords: acrylic; albicans; candida; control; denture; flask; liner; material; powder; shear; strength; surface; titanate
• Tea Tree Oil Addition on Surface Roughness and Strength of High-Impact Acrylic Resin Material by Hassan, Mohammed Hameed; Al-Khafaji, Aseel Mohammed (2025) - Impact strength and fracture morphology of denture acrylic resins. Also, TTO has a significant effect on the impact strength of high-impact acrylic at a 9% concentraOon, which causes a decrease in impact strength (P>0.05), but 6% TTO has a non-significant effect on high-impact acrylic (P<0.05). Keywords: acrylic; impact; oil; resin; roughness; strength; surface; tea; tree; tto
• Analyzing the Effects of Polident and Thyme Extract Oil on Denture Base by Aziz, Hawraa Khalid; Maha Kareem Jabbar; Hameed, Najwah Yousuf; Turki, Sara Abdulbasit (2025) - [5] A. Peracini, L. R. Davi, N. de Queiroz Ri- beiro, R. F. de Souza, C. H. L. da Silva, and H. de F. O. Paranhos, “Effect of denture cleansers on physical properDes of heat-polymerized acrylic resin,” J. Pros- thodont. hbps://doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_141_19 [9] S. Gajwani-Jain, D. Magdum, A. Karagir, and P. Pharane, “Denture cleansers: A review,” IOSR J. Dent. Keywords: base; denture; group; mean; oil; polident; roughness; strength; surface; test; thyme; vol
• 3D Printed Co-Cr Alloy Surface Treatments Effect on Shear Strength of Heat Cured Resins by Luay Abdullah Khalaf; Al-Nema, Luma Mudhafar (2025) - The specimens prepared for the as- sessment of shear bond strength were fabri- cated as disk-shaped specimens with a 10 mm diameter and 2 mm height Bulbul, M. and B. Kesim, The effect of primers on shear bond strength of acrylic resins to different types of metals. Keywords: alloy; bond; effect; group; metal; primer; resin; shear; strength; surface
• Effect of Nanoparticles on the Mechanical Properties of Polymethyl Methacrylate Denture Base Material by M. Faruq Abdlrahman, Omar; Rasool, Farhad Wahid; Ikram, Fahd Sudad (2025) - Higher concentraNons (2.5% and 5.0%) led to increased surface roughness and decreased hardness across all nano- parNcle types. 1069 D3000 new imprint Word template Vol 13, No 1 (2025) ISSN 2167-8677 (online) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.1069 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Effect of Nanoparticles on the Mechanical Properties of Polymethyl Methacrylate Denture Base Material Omar M. Faruq Abdlrahman1, Farhad Wahid Rasool2, Fahd Sudad Ikram3 1Khanzad Teaching Dental Center, Erbil, Iraq 2Soran Health Center, Soran, Iraq 3College of Den;stry, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq Abstract Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) has been widely used as a denture base material due to its favorable properNes but exhibits limitaNons in mechanical strength. Keywords: base; concentration; denture; hardness; material; nanoparticles; pmma; properties; roughness; specimens; surface
• Heritability of face shape in twins: a preliminary study using 3D stereophotogrammetry and geometric morphometrics by Weinberg, Seth M.; Parsons, Trish E.; Marazita, Mary L.; Maher, Brion S. (2013) - Conclusions: Aspects of facial shape, primarily related to variation in length and breadth of central midfacial structures, were shown to demonstrate evidence of strong heritability. In humans, a handful of recent studies have also begun to uncover the genetic basis of facial shape Keywords: analysis; anthropometric; heritability; hum; morphometrics; position; results; sample; shape; study; surface; twins; variation
• A gas adsorption porosimetry analysis of Portland cement prepared by compaction vs. compaction with indirect ultrasonic agitation by Azizi, Nader; Cubas, Yltze P; Orellana, Maria F (2014) - Note  the  presence  of  visible  pores   on   the   surface   of   specimen   from   the   indirect   ultrasonic   activation  group  (A);    Slight  variation  in  color  marks  the   border   between   aliquots   of   cement   placed   to   make   up   Figure  3:  At  10x  magni,ication,  large  internal  pores  (air-­‐bubbles)   could  be  seen   in   cross   sections  of  samples   from   the   indirect  ul-­‐ trasonic  activation  group  (A);  Transition  areas  between  aliquots   of  cement  present  as  “watered-­‐down,  weak  fault-­‐lines.     It   is   now   well   accepted   that   pores   decrease   the  mechani-­‐ cal  properties  of  cement  [9].   Keywords: cement; gas; group; materials; method; pore; portland; samples; strength; surface; ultrasonic
• Antimicrobial Efficiency of Hypochlorous Acid Incorporation and its Effect on Surface Properties of Irreversible Hydrocolloid Materials by M. Abass, Shorouq; S. Khalaf, Bayan; I. Issa, Moamin; Mohammed Al-Khafaji, Aseel (2024) - Preparation of the specimens for the reproduction of details test and dimensional stability test The surface detail reproduction, and dimensional stability of irreversible hydrocolloid impression materials were evaluated with the use of a ruled test block according to ISO specification number 1563:1990 for alginate impression material [30]. The incorpora&on of a disinfectant into irreversible hydrocolloid impression materials could eliminate the need for the disinfec&on step by conven&onal approaches, including spraying and immersion which only result in surface disinfec&on of impressions. Keywords: acid; alginate; details; disinfection; doi; effect; efficiency; group; hocl; hydrocolloid; impression; materials; ppm; properties; specimens; stability; surface; test
• Comparison of Adhesion of Soft-Liner between Conventional PMMA and 3D Printed Resin Denture Bases by Dawood Jadaan; Roffie, Juzailah; Roslan, Husniyati; P, Nahas (2025) - There are two types of denture liners: stiff (usually made of polymethyl methacrylate) and resilient [6]. One major issue with denture liners is the liner's inability to adhere to the acrylic resins Keywords: acrylic; adhesion; bond; denture; liner; materials; pmma; resin; samples; strength; surface
• Evaluation of the Impact of Nanoparticle Additives on the Shear Bond Strength between Soft Liners and Acrylic by Nusaiba Mustafa Muhammed (2025) - Antimicrobial drugs may be effectively incorporated into soft denture materials, as demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo investigations. Incorporating antibacterial compounds into soft denture materials can improve clinical lifespan and minimize plaque buildup [4]. Keywords: acrylic; antifungal; bond; denture; group; journal; liners; materials; nanoparticles; oxide; shear; specimens; strength; surface; test
• The Impact of Thermocycling on the Physico-mechanical Properties of SLA and DLP 3D-Printed Dental Ceramics: A Comparative Study by H Hasan, Nadia (2025) - Results: SLA samples exhibited significantly higher microhardness (P = 0.001) and flexural strength than DLP samples, both in the control state and aQer thermocycling. AQer thermocycling, the microhardness of SLA samples increased, whereas that of DLP samples decreased. Keywords: control; dlp; impact; microhardness; resin; roughness; sla; strength; study; surface; thermocycling
• Some Properties of 3D Printed Acrylic Resin Modified by Antifungal Vitis Vinifera Oil by Amal Abdul Latif Rashid (2025) - Abstract Objec&ve: The aim of the study was to study the consequences of different ra5o of Vi5s vinifera oil on the surface hardness, surface roughness and color change of 3D printed resin material. Color and transparency were aesthetic properties of 3D printed resin that can influence the visual appeal and functionality of the printed prosthesis [19]. Keywords: acrylic; color; control; denture; groups; hardness; material; oil; printer; properties; resin; roughness; surface; test; vinifera; vinifera oil
• Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Heat Cured PMMA after Immersion in Artificial Saliva and Different Solutions by Falih Altaie, Shurooq; Alfuraiji, Nihad H.; Zwyyer, Rasha Mohammed; Shihab Ahmed, Enas (2025) - Dentures can be cleaned mechanically, chemically, or by combining the two [3].The mechanical cleaning procedure is usually used by pa- tients, and it is insufDicient for cleaning un- dercut sections of dentures, which might harbor bacteria. Results: All soluMons showed no staMsMcally significant difference on surface roughness of specimens at 8h and 16h for one month. Keywords: acrylic; denture; groups; immersion; resin; roughness; surface; water

• Impact of Sinalized Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles on the Physical Characteristics of a Heat-Cured Acrylic Soft Liner by Amir, Zeena Majid Abdul; Jani, Ghasak Husham (2025) - Results: When compared to control speci- mens, soO lining material with 0.6% and 0.4% wt. sic NP had a highly significant decrease in solubility, a non-significant increase in thermal conducQvity, and a non-significant decrease in water absorpQon. Material and Methods: Silicon carbide NPs were added to the heat-cured soO lin- ing material at quanQQes of 0.4%, and 0.6% by weight. Keywords: carbide; denture; heat; liner; material; nanoparticles; silicon; solubility; sorption; specimens; water
• Acrylic Denture Basis’ Long-Term Colour Stability by Shahrazad Fouad Karkosh; Makki, Amer Hussian (2025) - Results: Hot coffee was the most preferred beverage, showing strong significance over both Eme periods (P = 0.002 for 24 hours, P = 0.013 for 1 week). This indicates a consistent preference for hot coffee. Keywords: acrylic; coffee; cold; colour; denture; hot; karak; stability; water
• Modification of 3D Printed Denture Base Material by Hyaluronic Acid to Improve Healing: Immunohistological Effect on MMP2 and VEGF by Mustafa Mahmood Jasim; Al-Noori, Amnar K.; Taqa, Ghada A. (2025) - Results Table 1 shows the median scores of granula- tion tissue (GT) formation in Five experi- mental groups across three-time intervals (Day 3, Day 7, and Day 14), with Five rabbits per group (N=5). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess statistically signiFicant Differences among groups and time points. Keywords: acid; control; day; denture; expression; group; healing; wound
• Erratum to: Incorporation of Fluconazole and Ocimum Sanctum Oil in Soft Denture Liners to Treat Biofilms of Candida albicans Associated with Denture Stomatitis by Dugal, Ramandeep (2021) - Erratum to: Incorporation of Fluconazole and Ocimum Sanctum Oil in Soft Denture Liners to Treat Biofilms of Candida albicans Associated with Denture Stomatitis Vol 9 Erratum to: Incorporation of Fluconazole and Ocimum Sanctum Oil in Soft Denture Liners to Treat Biofilms of Candida albicans Associated with Denture Stomatitis. Keywords: denture
• Stress analysis of over-denture abutments treated with two obturation techniques by Elsherbini, Ahmed N.; Nagy, Mohamed M; Elsherbini, Nancy N (2021) - More over, the bonding ability of resin sealer may also be influenced by the very high C-factor of root canals that leads to failure in the bonding ability of the filling material TAY et al.18. Monoblocks in root canals: a hypothetical or a tangible goal. Keywords: abutments; canal; condensation; denture; model; obturation; root; techniques
• Shear Bond Strength Comparison Between Heat Cure Acrylic Resin and Other Types of Acrylic Denture Bases by Souad Hassan Ali; Adnan Abdul-Kareem, Noor (2024) - Assessment of surface hardness of acrylic resins submitted to accelerated artificial aging. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the shear bond strength of HC acrylic resin to both thermoplastic resin and three- dimensional printed resin (3D printed resin) materials. Keywords: acrylic; base; bond; denture; heat; journal; material; resin; shear; specimens; strength
• Selecting the Best Measuring Device to Evaluate the Dimensional Changes in Complete Denture Samples by Sanaa Rasheed Abd Al-Aaloosi; Abdullah Mohmood, Ghasaq; Sameer Mahmood Al-Shaikhli, Mustafa (2025) - Zissis A, Huggew R, Harrison A. Measurement methods used for the determinaxon of dimensional accuracy and stability of denture base materials. Dimensional accuracy of upper complete denture bases: the effect of metallic flask closure methods. Keywords: accuracy; denture; distances; group; internet; measuring; microscope; points; reference; samples
• Assessment of Patient Satisfaction and The Reasons for Crowns and Fixed Partial Denture Failure, a Clinical Study by Majed Mohamed Refaat (2025) - This study aimed to evaluate the satisfaction of patients rehabilitated with fixed dental prostheses and observe the incidence of prosthesis failures among patients treated with these types of restorations. Minor chipping did not influence fixed partial denture function, but substantial chipping caused prosthesis failure [29]. Keywords: crowns; denture; failure; journal; prostheses; satisfaction; study
• Assessment of Color Change After Adding Nano Aluminum Oxide to Heat-Cure Acrylic by Wafaa Jasem; Saleh, Nisreen Mahdi; Hasan, Hussein Falah; Ibrahim, Ahmed Jamal (2025) - Assessing The Outcomes of Aluminium Oxide On Surface Roughness and Flexural Strength of Heat Cure Denture Base Resin. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, 13, 1116-1118. 2. Ali Sabri, B., Satgunam, M., Abreeza, N. M., & N. Abed, A. (2021). Material and Methods Materials -Heat-cure acrylic resin (PMMA) -Nano-Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) with particle size ~20–50 nm -Spectrophotometer (to measure color using the CIE Lab* system) -ArtiDicial aging chamber (UV light, heat, hu- midity) Sample Preparation 40 disc-shaped samples (10 per group) were prepared. Keywords: acrylic; color; denture; group; pmma; properties

• Potential of Salivary IL-36γ, IL-38, and RANKL in Differentiating Periodontal Health from Periodontitis by Ali, Iqbal Hussain; Ali Salman, Suzan (2025) - RANKL In the context of periodontitis, literature has demonstrated that RANKL is a key mediator in bone resorption and a hallmark of perio- dontal disease [73,74], primarily through its PotenFal of Salivary IL-36, IL-38, and RANKL in DifferenFaFng Periodontal Health from PeriodonFFs Vol 13, No 1 (2025) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.1008 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu 5 expression by activated T and B lymphocytes [75,76], osteocytes, and macrophages [77], and its regulation by immune responses and inflammatory cytokines [75]. Additionally, in comparison with stages III and IV of periodontitis (Table 3), RANKL lev- els are significantly higher than in healthy controls, with stage III showing slightly higher levels than stage IV. Keywords: //doi; biomarkers; bop; cal; control; disease; group; health; https; iii; il-36γ; il-38; journal; levels; org/10; periodontitis; rankl; salivary; stage; study; table
• Postoperative Outcomes in Gingival Re-exposure by Wisam Rasool Jalaawi; Ismail, Hussam Sami (2025) - 1009 D3000 new imprint Word template Vol 13, No 1 (2025) ISSN 2167-8677 (online) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.1009 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Postoperative Outcomes in Gingival Re-exposure Wisam Rasool Jalaawi, Hussam Sami Ismail College of Den*stry, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar, Iraq Abstract Gingival surgical re-exposure outcomes vary significantly based on procedural technique and paNent-specific factors. PaNents who underwent laser procedures experienced lower pain levels and higher saNsfacNon, while those with higher educaNon and income demonstrated be_er healing and compliance. Keywords: gingival; healing; health; journal; laser; outcomes; pain; recovery
• The relationship between dental fear and cooperation of children during dental treatments with their parents’ general health by Daneshvar, Seyedeh Hediyeh; Azizi, Saeedeh (2021) - The etiology of dental fear in children is multifactorial and has been related to age, gender, personality, increased general fears, past dental experiences, parental dental fear, ethnicity and culture, socioeconomic status and dental office environment [6]. The relationship between dental fear and cooperation of children during dental treatments with their parents’ general health Vol 9 No 1 (2021) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2021.121 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Keywords: anxiety; children; cooperation; fear; health; parents; relationship; study
• Microbial Insights in Dentistry: Implications for Oral and Systemic Health by Manar Ibrahim Ahmed; Siddik Abdulrazzaq, Marwa; Muneer Hashim, Huda (2025) - Data revealed how oral pathogens contribute to systemic inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders, indicating that oral health is intrinsically linked to overall health References 1- Zaura E, Keijser BJ, Huse SM, Crielaard W. Defining the healthy “core microbiome” of oral microbial communities. Keywords: dentistry; disease; health; microbial; microbiome

• Correlation between presence of radix entomolaris in mandibular first molars and C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars: a sample of CBCT scans in Taiwanese students by Piskórz, Magdalena; Różyło-Kalinowska, Ingrid; Futyma-Gąbka, Karolina; Aleksandrowicz, Zuzanna; Błaszczyk, Anna; Furmanek, Wiktoria (2022) - Abstract Objec�ves: The anatomy of root canals is so complex that in many cases it is not sufficient to take an intraoral radiograph to diagnose the number and shape of root canals. Email: lek.dent.karolina.futyma@gmail.com http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu/ Correla�on between presence of re and c-shaped canals Vol 10 No 1 (2022) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2022.361 htp://den�stry3000.pit.edu Introduction Dental practitioners are aware of anatomical variations of dental roots and root canals. Keywords: canals; doi; endod; entomolaris; mandibular; mandibular molars; molars; radix; root; study
• Evaluation of the Accuracy of Different Apex Locaters with 45° Apical Root Resorption by I Al-Jobory, Ahmed; Mohammed Ayad Taha; Jabbar Atyiah, Mohammed (2024) - Ex vivo evaluagon of the accuracy of two electronic apex locators during root canal length determinagon in primary teeth. The aim of this examination was to assess how well four EALs determined working length during root canal rehabilitation. Keywords: accuracy; apex; canal; length; root; working
• The Effect of Cross-Section of Three Different Files on Apical Debris and Irrigant Solution Extrusion Using Full File Sequences: An In Vitro Study by Sohaib Fadhil Mohammed; Sura Yaseen Khudhur; Zaidoon Hasan Mohammed; Matheel AL-Rawas; Tahir Yusuf Noorani; Firdaus Yhaya, Mohd (2025) - The methodology for gathering apical extrusion debris has been changed from a prior study Results Table 1 presents the average weight for apical extrusion debris following instrumentation with various Ni-Ti file systems. Keywords: apical; canal; cross; debris; extrusion; file; instrumentation; irrigant; journal; root; rotary; section; solution; study; systems
• Citric Acid Irrigation Protocols for Bioceramic Sealers for Root Canal Retreatments by Saleh , Mustafa Imad; Alkhalidi, Emad Farhan (2025) - Root canals treated with bioceramic sealers that need retreatment present a clin- ical challenge. Material and Methods: Thirty extracted human lower premolars teeth were obturated with guQa-percha using bioceramic sealer, and have been split into three groups, each consisNng of ten teeth: (1) 20% citric acid without acNva- Non, (2) 20% citric acid with ultrasonic acNvaNon, and (3) control group uNlizing ProTaper Universal retreatment files exclusively. Keywords: acid; activation; canal; citric; control; group; retreatment; root; sealers

• Expression of IGF-1R in Skin Wound Healing Treated by Topical Application of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum by Natik Raheem, Noor; Al-Khafaji, Lobna K.; Al-Azzawi, Lehadh M.; Al-Thahab, Dhifaf Kamil Kadhim (2025) - The process of wound skin healing was tracked for periods (1, 3, and 7 days), all specimens were processed for immunohistochemistry examinaUon. Raheem, Lobna K. Al-Khafaji, Lehadh M. Al-Azzawi, Dhifaf Kamil Kadhim Al-Thahab College of Den*stry, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq Abstract Objec&ve: The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of IGF- 1R on cutaneous wound healing. Keywords: cells; control; days; expression; figure; healing; igf-1r; skin; stain; wound
• The correlation of perceived stress and professional concerns during COVID-19 pandemic among Iranian dentists: the mediating role of cognitive flexibility by Afshari, Afrooz; Hashemikamangar, Seyedehsareh; Hashemikamangar, Sedighe Sadat (2021) - The correlation of perceived stress and professional concerns during COVID-19 pandemic among Iranian dentists: the mediating role of cognitive flexibility Afrooz Afshari 1, Seyedehsareh Hashemikamangar 1, Sedighe Sadat Hashemikamangar 2 * 1 Department of psychology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of operative dentistry, Dental school, Tehran University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran Abstract Objec&ve: To evaluate the associa.on of perceived stress and dental work-related concerns regarding to COVID-19 by media.ng role of cogni.ve flexibility among den.sts during pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 in Iran. Material and Methods Design and sample This study is based on a path analysis designed to test a hypothetical model involving perceived stress, cognitive flexibility, and COVID-19 factors related to work environment among Iranian dentists during Coronavirus outbreak. Keywords: concerns; contagion; control; covid-19; dentists; environment; flexibility; future; pandemic; stress; work
• Effect of aloe vera hydrogel on the scarring and healing of free gingival graft: Randomized controlled trial by Alawad, Walaa; Othman, Majed; Hsaian, Jameela; Alsabek, Laith (2022) - Microsoft Word - 225 2022.docx Effect of aloe vera hydrogel on the scarring and healing of free gingival gra4: Randomized controlled trial Vol 10 No 1 (2022) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2022.225 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu Effect of aloe vera hydrogel on the scarring and healing of free gingival graft: Randomized controlled trial Walaa Alawad1, Majed Othman1, Jameela Hsaian2, Laith Alsabek3 1 Periodontology department, Faculty of dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria 2 Pharmaceutics and pharmaceutical technology department, faculty of pharmacy, Damascus University, Syria 3 Clinical Science Institute, the National University of Ireland – Galway, Ireland Keywords: aloe; control; effect; gingival; graft; group; healing; hydrogel; months; scarring; test; vera
• The Effects of Selenium Nanoparticles on the Osseointegration of a Titanium Implant in Rabbits: A Histomorphometric Investigation by A.R. Alheeti, Osama; H. Jani , Ghasak; Ragheed Qustanteen , Farah (2024) - The biological process of osseointegration—the intimate bonding of materials like titanium with bone is the foundation of contemporary implants [2]. This term refers to bone that has grown up to the implant surface in oral implantology, devoid of any soft tissue layer in between [1,3]. Keywords: bone; control; group; implant; rabbits; selenium; titanium
• Histological Evaluation of Cutaneous Wound Healing Treated by Local Application of Cucurbita pepo L. Seed Oil by Mohamed, Ibrahim Fouad; Ghani , Ban A.; Al-Ghaban , Nada M.H.; Fatalla , Abdalbseet A.; Al-Rawas, Matheel (2025) - Conclusion: As a poten4al therapeu4c agent for wound healing, pumpkin oil may be also beneficial for nutri4onal and therapeu4c applica4ons. The categorization of wound healing mostly relies on the therapeutic approach and the distinct attributes of the lesion. Keywords: blood; control; cucurbita; day; group; healing; oil; pepo; pumpkin; seed; skin; wound
• Localization of E-cadherin and Vimentin in Mucosal Ulcer Healing Treated by Vitis Vinifera Seeds Oil in Rat Model by Faik, Russol; M.H. Al-Ghaban, Nada (2025) - Comparison of E-cadherin expression in the epithelium and lamina propria between the studied groups. However, several investigations have recorded the temporary stimulation of vimentin expression in epithelial cells in response to certain pathological or physiological situations that require epithelial cell motility. Keywords: cadherin; cells; control; day; expression; group; healing; mucosal; oil; seeds; study; ulcer; vimen(n; vimentin; vinifera

• The Effect of Using an Educational Poster on Mothers’ Knowledge of Emergency Management of Dental Avulsion by Daneshvar, Seyedeh Hediyeh; Khaef, Melika (2022) - Knowledge level of participants in the study and control groups before intervention and 3 months later has been shown in Table 2. Table 1: Participant’s socio-demographic characteristics Table 2: Knowledge level of participants in study and control groups before intervention and 3 months later Keywords: avulsion; emergency; knowledge; management; mothers; poster; study; tooth
• The influence of IGF-I and Emdogain on the behavior of dental epithelial cells in a three-dimensional scaffold model by Heezen, Maria Johanna Jacoba; Zhang, Weibo; Rudolph, Sara; Walboomers, X. Frank; Yelick, Pamela C. (2022) - The influence of IGF-I and Emdogain on the behavior of dental epithelial cells in a three-dimensional scaffold model Vol 10 No 1 (2022) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2022.258 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu Immuno-Fluorescent staining (IF) To visualize the distribution of cells (Figure 2), epithelial cells were stained for Ecad, and hDPSCs for Vimentin. LocaKon and interacKons of dental cells as assessed by immunofluorescent staining. Keywords: behavior; cells; day; emdogain; epithelial; hdm; igf; igf-1; influence; model; pde; scaffold; study; tissue; tooth

• Improvement of the Mechanical Strength of Polymethyl Methacrylate by Al-Takai, Ihssan F. (2025) - The combinaNon of PMMA-g-AA and polyester presents a po- tenNal route to high-performance poly- mer composites. PMMA joints' strength was considerably increased. Keywords: acrylamide; grafting; mechanical; methacrylate; pmma; polyester; polymethyl; strength
• Comparative evaluation of dimensional stability and flexural strength of different light cured tray materials with self-cured tray material: an in-vitro study by Attarwala, Dr Taha; Dugal, Dr Ramandeep; Godil, Dr Aamir; Wadwan, Dr Sanaa; Madanshetty, Dr Pallavi; Kazi, Dr Arshi (2022) - Abstract Objectives: To carry out a comparative evaluation of dimensional stability and flexural strength of different light cured tray materials with self-cured tray material as control. Hence, in the present study, the dimensional stability of three different commercially available light cured tray materials was http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu/ Comparative evaluation of dimensional stability and flexural strength of different light cured tray materials with self-cured tray material: an in-vitro study Vol 10 Keywords: custom; flexural; group; light; materials; resin; self; stability; strength; study; tray
• Impact of Rubbing and Waiting Technique of a Universal Adhesive System on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets: A Comparative Analysis by Al-Fadhily, Zahraa Mohammed; Merza Hasan, Selma; Essam Naji, Rhaf; Sahib Kandwh, Hayder (2025) - Shaik, J.A., et al., In vitro evaluation of shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with different adhesives. El-Din, A., Effect of changing application times on adhesive systems bond strengths. Keywords: adhesive; bond; bond strength; brackets; group; shear; shear bond; strength
• The Impact of Aloe Vera Herbal Extract on the Antifungal and Mechanical Properties of Maxillofacial Prosthetic Silicones by Nusaiba Mustafa Muhammed; Abid-Alhameed Suliman, Safwan; Nasrat Arab, Luma (2025) - The disc The Impact of Aloe Vera Herbal Extract of the An6fungal and Mechanical Proper6es of Maxillofacial Prosthe6c Silicones Vol 13 No 1 (2025) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.868 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu diffusion technique, as recommended by WHO, was used to evaluate the antifungal properties of Aloe vera oil put into silicone material specimens. Conclusions: The study contributes valuable insights into the development of an;microbial silicone material reinforced with Aloe vera oil, advancing maxillofacial materials towards improved pa;ent outcomes and enhanced health. Keywords: aloe; aloe vera; extract; group; hardness; oil; silicone; specimens; strength; tear; test; vera
• Evaluation of Soft Tissue in Rabbit Utilizing Suture and Tissue Glue by Amer, Ahmed; Abdul Kareem, Ahmed; Qais, Sohaib; Mizher, Saber; J. Mowlood, Al-Alaa; Saad Kamil, Saif; Saad Ahmed, Ali (2025) - The comparison of Bssue glue and suture for closure of excisional wounds in rabbits showed that the quality of wound healing of cutaneous excisional wounds closed with standard suturing was superior to that of wounds closed with Bssue glue. Copyright: ©2025 Amer A, et al. Keywords: adhesives; closure; glue; healing; materials; strength; suture; tissue; wound
• Comparative evaluation of retentive strength of polyvinyl siloxane impression materials to custom tray using different tray adhesives: An In Vitro study by Devassy, Jinsa P; Pradeep, Nishna; Sreekumar, A V; George, Jimmy; James, Jittin; George, Jacob (2020) - Impression tray adhesives are ap- plied as a spray, or are manually applied using a brush. They reached the conclusion that paint on universal tray adhesives offers the ad- vantage of providing equal or su- perior adhesive bond strength for the three VPS impression materi- als to the autopolymerizing and light polymerizing tray materials tested, compared to the manufac- tures recommended adhesives. Keywords: adhesive; div; group; impression; material; strength; sub; tray

• Do different time intervals in placement of restorative materials over calcium silicate cements, affect interface microhardness of different restorative materials? by Bolhari, Behnam; Meraji, Naghmeh; Khazaee, Pegah; Ghabraei, Sholeh; Valizadeh, Sara (2021) - Citation: Bolhari B, et al. (2021) Do different time intervals in placement of restorative materials over calcium silicate cements, affect interface microhardness of different restorative materials? Do different time intervals in placement of restorative materials over calcium silicate cements, affect interface microhardness of different restorative materials? Keywords: amalgam; calcium; cement; composite; contact; cscs; materials; microhardness; placement; restoration; rmgi; study; time
• Influence of Different Temperatures on the Polymerization Pre- and Post-Cured of Various Resin Materials by Al-Jadwaa, Fanar Turki; Abdurazzaq, Mhammad Munthir; Alkhalidi, Emad Farhan (2025) - Abstract Objec&ve: To evaluate and compered the effect of different temperatures (5°C, 37°C and room temp. Materials: A seventy-five disc-samples-shaped were fabricated from (Omnichroma, ViNra APS, DenFil N), for each test in different temperatures (5°C, 37°C and room temp. Keywords: composite; materials; post; preand; resin; temperatures
• Evaluation of Microhardness of self-adhesive Pediatric Filling by Qais Alwan, Sohaib; Saad Ahmed, Rusul; Saad Ahmed, Ali; Saad Kamil, Saif (2025) - Park EY, Kang S. Current aspects and prospects of glass ionomer cements for clinical denmstry. Wan Bakar WZ, Abdullah A, Hussien A. Erosion effect of acidic drinks on two types of glass ionomer cement. Keywords: beverages; doi; fluoride; glass; group; ionomer; materials; microhardness; samples; self; surefil; water
• Fluoride Release of New Bioactive Orthodontic Adhesive with Color Change and Fluorescent Property by Thannon Younis, Mohammed; Fakhri, Neam (2025) - Conclusion: Acceptable fluoride ion release within bi- oacMve adhesive with color change and fluorescence properMes was obtained but with increase concentraMon of dyes the ion release decreased. Open Access Cita%on: Younis MT, et al. (2025) Fluoride Release of New Bioac%ve Orthodon%c Keywords: adhesive; change; color; dent; fluoride; fluoride release; giomer; glass; ion; ionomer; ions; materials; orthodontic; release; study

• Influence of occlusal anatomy on acrylic resin CAD/CAM crowns fracture load and stress distribution. by Borges, Alexandre Luiz Souto; de Lima, Aline Lins; Campaner, Larissa Mendes; Bottino, Marco Antonio; Dal Piva, Amanda Maria de Oliveira; Tribst, João Paulo Mendes (2021) - The same indication can be performed for the present study considering only the fracture load and stress concentration for acrylic resin crowns. A) Prepared abutment tooth, B) Digital impression in CAD software, C) Buccal view from Adult design crown, D) Buccal view from Young design crown, E) Occlusal view from Adult design crown and F) Occlusal view from Young design. Keywords: acrylic; anatomy; cad; cam; crowns; design; distribution; fracture; influence; load; resin; stress; study
• Wettability of two different artificial saliva substitutes on injection moulded heat polymerized acrylic resin and CAD-CAM acrylic resin: an in vitro study. by Lal, Quraish; Godil, Aamir; Shaikh, Mosin; Musani, Smita; Dugal, Ramandeep; Kirad, Ajinkya (2023) - Aydin AK, Terzioglu H, Ulubaram K, Hasirci N. Wetting properties of saliva substitutes on acrylic resin. Wetting properties ofhuman saliva and saliva substitutes. Keywords: acrylic; cad; cam; heat; injection; mouth; resin; saliva; substitutes
• Effect of Curing Technique and Emax Type on the Polymerization of Dual Cure Resin Cement by Altaie, Amani Abduljabar; Alkhalidi, Emad Farhan (2025) - Iraq Abstract Objec6ve: The objecCve of this study was to evaluate the effect of different types of curing techniques and composiCon of two different types of emax materials on degree of conver- sion and polymerizaCon of dual cure resin cement aTer 24 hours. For each group, three subgroups according to the type of curing technique were determined: 10 samples were made by a conCnuous curing technique, 10 samples were made with a soT start curing technique, 10 samples were made by an intermi^ent curing technique. Keywords: cement; ceramic; conversion; cure; curing; degree; effect; emax; light; polymerization; resin; technique; type

• Maximum mouth opening measurement in relation to maximum bite force among children by Dalya Rafie Mohammed; MJ Al Haidar, Aseel Haidar (2024) - Pearson's correlation coefficient between maximal mouth opening and maximum bite force. Conclusion The study's results indicated that there was a substantial variation in maximum mouth opening across genders among children with permanent dentition, where maximal mouth opening was higher in boys than in girls. Keywords: bite; children; force; maximum; mmo; mouth; opening; study
• Behavioral genetics and thumb sucking in adolescents by Hatala, Jessica (2017) - Cita%on:   Hatala,   J.   (2017)   Behavioral   gene-cs   and   thumb   sucking   in   adolescents.   Questionnaires  were  sent   out  at  3,  6,  9,  12,  and  20  months   Behavioral  gene-cs  and  thumb  sucking  in  adolescents     Vol  5,  No  1  (2017)        DOI  10.5195/d3000.2017.73    http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu   to  assess  nutritive  and  nonnutri-­‐ tive  behaviors. Keywords: adolescence; age; children; study; sucking; thumb
• Maximum mouth opening in healthy children and adolescents in Istanbul by Koruyucu, Mine; Tabakcilar, Derya; Seymen, Figen; Gençay, Koray (2018) - To  be  able  to  assess  tem-­‐ poromandibular  joint  (TMJ)  func-­‐ tion,  the  primary  value  to  be   known  is  how  much  joints  move   when  mouth  is  opened  fully  max-­‐ imum  mouth  opening  (MMO)   Children  and  adolescent  MMO  values  from  different  studies.   Keywords: age; children; journal; maximum; mmo; mouth; opening; study

• Survival of Immediate-Loaded Pterygoid Implants with Multi-Unit Abutments in the Atrophic Posterior Maxilla by Droubi, Mohamad; Zenati, Mazen (2025) - Conclu- sions: Pterygoid implants demonstrate high survival rates and represent a pre- dictable, minimally invasive opCon for posterior maxillary rehabilitaCon. Pterygoid implants offer a less invasive alternaCve, uClizing dense corCcal bone in the pterygoid apophysis and posterior maxillary tuberosity to provide distal anchor- age and full-arch prostheCc support, while avoiding the need for sinus augmentaCon. Keywords: bone; implants; maxilla; maxillary; pterygoid; rates; rehabilitation; study; survival
• Alveolar ridge augmentation in mandible by use the modified distractor. by Sulaiman, Feras; Alkhouri, Issam; Al-assaf, Maher (2022) - The principals of distraction osteogenesis in which a gradual, controlled displacement of a surgically prepared fracture is used to increase bone volume, are not new but have recently been introduced into implant surgery to increase alveolar bone volume [19]. Alveolar osteogenic distraction (AOD) has been considered a promising procedure for bone augmentation [5]. Keywords: alveolar; bone; distraction; doi; horizontal; mean; osteogenesis; ridge
• Five Techniques of Osseodensification in One Case by Sheikh Ibrahim, Abdulkarim; Hassan Jaafo, Mohamad; Abdo, Anas (2024) - Primary implant stability is critical in immediate loading protocols. Biomechanical and histologic basis of osseodensification drilling for endosteal implant placement in low density bone. Keywords: bone; diameter; implant; megagen; stability
• Novel Surgical Method for Contour Restoration in Patients with Micrognathia by Sabah Hassan (2025) - After five years, the Subperiosteal Problast implant is fully resorbed and replaced by normal bone, followed by remodeling those results in a permanent, normal structure. Subperiosteal implants have been utilized to sculpt the aesthetic of the micrognathia, and the new modified problast has been employed for this purpose. Keywords: bone; implant; micrognathia; problast
• Effectiveness of Calcium Sulfate Bone Graft with Platelet Rich Fibrin in Oroantral Fistula Closure by Altabba, Mahmoud; Wehbeh, Issa; Alnada, Ahmad (2025) - To idenDfy a closure technique with minimal complicaDons that is rapid and easily applicable by general pracDDoners, we evaluated the effecDveness of using calcium sulfate graO material mixed with platelet-rich fibrin, followed by clinical and radiographic assessment of closure success. Subsequently, a 20 ml blood sample was collected from the paDent and centrifuged to obtain two tubes containing platelet-rich fibrin. Keywords: bone; calcium; closure; communication; fibrin; graft; platelet; prf; sulfate
• Enhancing Immediate Implant Success: The Role of Bone Substitutes and Local Antibiotics in Fresh Extraction Sites by Shefaa H. Alnuamy; Kumail, Ihsan A.; Rasheed, Salam K.; Skienhe, Hasan (2025) - Ma- terial and Methods: A total of 30 paHents underwent immediate implant placement, divided into three groups: control group receiving no adjuncts, group treated with bone subsHtutes, and group treated with bone subsHtutes combined with anHbioHcs. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of personalized treatment approaches that consider paHent-specific factors and the use of adjuncHve therapies to opHmize implant success. Keywords: bone; extraction; group; implant; implantation; patient; socket; stability; study; success

• A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Clinical and Immunological Efficacy of a Mouth Rinse Containing Hydrogen Peroxide and Hyaluronic Acid in Patients with Gingivitis. by Ahmed Hashim Khudhair; Maha Abdul Aziz Ahmed (2023) - Study groups Demographic characteristics HA/H2O2 n=18 CHX n=18 Placebo n=18 P-value Age (years) CHX: chlorhexidine; * one-way ANOVA test, **Chi-square test; NS: Not significant difference p > 0.05, SD: Standard deviation Table 2: Bleeding on probing by study groups and intervals. Keywords: acid; chx; effect; efficacy; groups; h2o2; hydrogen; mean; mouth; peroxide; placebo; rinse; study; trial
• The Combined Effect of Two Natural Extracts on Enamel Remineralization (in vitro Study) by A. Abbas, Shatha; Qasim, Alhan; Hadi, Rusul; Khammas, Sarah; M. Khammas, Asmaa (2024) - Cheng L, Li J, Hao Y, Zhou X. Effect of compounds of galla chinensis on remineralizakon of enamel surface in vitro. This study aimed to inves/gate the effect of applying grape seed extract and chicken eggshell extract on the microhardness of demineralized enamel in permanent teeth. Keywords: cesp; doi; effect; enamel; extract; grape; group; journal; microhardness; seed; study; vitro
• The effect of estrogen on craniofacial dimensions: a systematic review by Omori, Marjorie Ayumi; Nakane Matsumoto, Mirian Aiko; Bezerra Segato, Raquel Assed; Bezerra da Silva, Léa Assed; Nelson Filho, Paulo; Kuchler, Erika Calvano (2019) - In fact, bone growth and development is mediated by different factors, such as hormones and sex hormones. It is well known that sex hormones are important in the regulation of reproductive functions and play an important in bone growth and maintenance (7). Keywords: effect; estrogen; growth; mandible; maxilla; review; studies
• Cleaning Removable Orthodontic Appliances by Abdalaziz, Maha Isam (2025) - 973 D3000 new imprint Word template Vol 13, No 1 (2025) ISSN 2167-8677 (online) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.973 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Cleaning Removable Orthodontic Appliances Maha Isam Abdalaziz College of Den*stry, Tikrit University, Mosul, Iraq Abstract Objec2ve: Removable appliances are fabricated by different types of material like auto pol- ymerizing acrylic resin, heat polymerizing acrylic resin, and light polymerizing acrylic resins. Effect: Highly effective, with a reduction rate of 100% in samples (2, 13) and 48.51% in sample 10. Keywords: appliances; cleaning; doi; effect; mouthwash; orthodontic; rates; reduction; sample; streptococcus

• The effectiveness of Turmeric gel in the healing of donor site for Free Gingival Graft by Alasfar, Zuhir; Saymeh, Rowaida; Khazem, Mays (2023) - Although more clinical studies are needed on turmeric extract in the field of dentistry and particularly in periodontology, this study has shown its effectiveness in accelerating surgical site healing, as well as postoperative pain control. Par'cipants were randomly divided into two equal groups: group I (test) was treated with 10% turmeric gel while group II (control) was treated with (Coe-PakTM). Keywords: day; donor; gel; gingival; group; healing; index; pain; site; turmeric; wound
• Familial inheritance of TMD: a case report by Genello, Maria (2017) - This  is  expected,  since  it  is   found  that  females,  especially   those  of  child  bearing  age,  are   more  susceptible  to  developing   TMD  and  have  more  severe  symp-­‐ toms  due  to  hormonal  differences   [2].     Familial  inheritance  of  TMD:  a  case  report   Maria  Genello1      1University  of  Pi.sburgh,  School  of  Dental  Medicine Abstract   The  TMJ  is  a  joint  that  can  perform  both  hinge  and  sliding  mo'ons  and  whose  proper  func'oning  depends  on  the  ac-­‐ ! Keywords: family; female; joint; pain; tmd; yes
• Effectiveness of Behavioral and Lifestyle Changes in Reducing TMD Symptoms: Evidence from a Structured Intervention by Dunya Malhan Hanweet; Karar Abdulzahra Mahdi; Ansam Mahdi Khalel; Ibrahim, Salah M. (2025) - TMJ disorders are acute and chronic pain, dysfunction and structural changes of the joint which are often complicated for the patient and the healthcare giver. These results also support the notion that the management of TMJ disorders should encompass the treatment of the biomechanical and behavioral factors that lead to the condition, in an addition to other noninvasive types of management like sleep quality improvement and diet habit correction Keywords: changes; disorders; evidence; joint; lifestyle; management; pain; symptoms; tmd; tmj
• Efficacy of Dexamethasone on Pain and Swelling Following Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Mizher, Saber (2025) - This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of submucosal dexamethasone injecFon in reducing postoperaFve pain and swelling compared to a control group receiving normal saline. The study will compare the outcomes of paFents receiving submucosal dexamethasone injecFon with those receiving a normal saline injecFon. Keywords: dexamethasone; mandibular; pain; postoperafve; study; submucosal; surgery; swelling

• Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Edge File X7 and 2Shape Endodontic Systems: in vitro study. by Mustaf Mohammed, Ahmed; Ashraf Salim Alchalabi (2024) - The files were evaluated for cyclic fatigue resistance using a modified custom-made static model with 45°and 60° angles having a radius of 3mm and a diameter of 1.5 mm. The flexibility and cyclic fatigue resistance of NITI endodontic files were also impacted by the metallurgical properties and thermal treatments of the NITI alloy Keywords: 2shape; canal; curvature; degrees; edge; fatigue; fatigue resistance; file; instruments; resistance; rotary; study

• Bacterial Community in Dental Biofilms Linked to Periodontal Disease: An Intra-subject Metagenomics Study by Tariq, Maheen; Nazatul Shima Shahidan, Wan; Azman Awang, Raja (2024) - Results: The alpha diversity analyses revealed that periodontitis sites had more diverse and rich bacterial communities than gingivitis sites. Species like P. intermedia, R. dentocariosa and P. endodontalis were more abundant in gingivitis sites compared to periodontitis sites, while some other species like V. dispar, C. ochracea and A. segnis were more abundant in periodontitis sites. Keywords: abundance; analysis; community; disease; diversity; gingivitis; internet; metagenomics; periodontitis; plaque; samples; sites; species; study; subject
• Potential Role of Periodontopathogens in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Abdulkareem Nori, Shaymaa; Batool Hassan Al-Ghurabi (2025) - The prevalence of P. gingivalis correlates with the severity of periodontal disease and has been recognized by researchers as a primary causal element in the PD progression. The survival mechanisms of P. gingivalis lead to a remodeled microbiota, resulting in a dysbiotic condition that induces inflammatory diseases such as periodontal disease [19]. Keywords: arthritis; disease; gingivalis; individuals; inflammation; journal; periodontal; periodontitis; periodontopathogens; porphyromonas; rheumatoid; role
• Emerging Role of Viral Infection in Periodontal Disease by W. Izzat, Alaa; Batool Hassan Al-Ghurabi; Sami Adham, Lina; F. Shaker, Zahraa (2025) - Mahmood, M.K. et al. Role of viruses in periodontitis: An extensive review of herpesvi- ruses, human immunodeYiciency virus, corona- virus-19, papillomavirus and hepatitis viruses. Plaque contains non-bacterial microorganisms, including viruses, myco- plasma, yeasts, and protozoa [5]. Keywords: cells; disease; herpes; host; infection; journal; periodontitis; role; virus; viruses

• Familial aggregation of phenotypic expression of premature hair hypopigmentation in the craniofacial region by Black, Corey (2015) - Familial  aggregation  of  phenotypic  expression  of  premature  hair  hy-­‐ popigmentation  in  the  craniofacial  region   Corey  L.  Black1     1  University  of  Pittsburgh  School  of  Dental  Medicine,  Pittsburgh  PA,  USA     Abstract   There  are  many  pa+ents  who  experience  premature  hypopigmenta+on  of  hair,  but  do  not   understand  the  underlying  causes  and  poten2al  dangers  associated  with  them.   Email:  clb196@pi*.edu     Introduction       Determination  of  the  color   of  hair  is  a  complicated  process.   Keywords: age; hair; individual; patient; premature
• Familial aggregation of mandibular prognathism by Lee, April; Yang, Chris (2015) - As  a  dentist,  if  the  patient  is   concerned  with  esthetics,  the  den-­‐ tist  can  help  the  patient  to  feel  more   confident  by  considering  orthodon-­‐ tics  or  orthognathic  surgery,  but                      Familial  aggrega%on  of  mandibular  prognathism   Vol  3,  No  1  (2015)        DOI  10.5195/d3000.2015.3 2    http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu   3   s/he  should  also  be  able  to  present   the  negative  aspects  of  the  treat-­‐ ment.     Familial   ag-­‐ grega%on  of  mandibular  prognathism. Keywords: mandibular; patient; prognathism
• Mandible Reconstruction with 3D Printed Models by Omar Bakr Hazm; Noor Salman Nadhum; Alaa Mohammed Shaheed (2024) - Keywords: 3D printed model, maxillofacial reconstruction, reconstruction plates, ameloblastoma, juvenile fibromatosis, keratocyst, osteosarcoma, vascular malformation. Mandible Reconstruction with 3D Printed Models Vol 12 No 1 (2024) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2024.538 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Mandible Reconstruction with 3D Printed Models Omar Bakr Hazm1, Noor Salman Nadhum2, Alaa Mohammed Shaheed3 1 Al-Bayan-University, College of Dentistry, Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq 2 University of Baghdad, College of Dentistry, Baghdad, Iraq 3 Al-Bayan-University, College of Dentistry, Baghdad, Iraq Abstract Background: When surgeons operate under general anesthesia, length of surgery, not only its outcome, matters. Keywords: mandible; models; patient; reconstruction; time
• Gaps in Medical Emergency Preparedness Among Iraqi Dentists: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Analysis by Mahmood, Awf Sh.; Muneeb, Meena (2025) - Have you attended any courses in the management of medical emergencies? Only 47.2% reported confi- dence in managing medical emergencies. Keywords: bls; confidence; emergencies; emergency; exposure; knowledge; management; medical; patient; preparedness; study; training

• Use of Fonseca’s Questionnaire to assess the prevalence and severity of Temporomandibular disorders among university students - a cross sectional study by G Shivamurthy, Prashantha; Kumari, Nutan; Sadaf, Ashfiya; MB, Meghana; Azhar, Heba; Sabrish, Sharanya (2022) - TMD severity was categorized as no TMD (0-15), mild TMD (20-40), moderate TMD (45-65) and severe TMD (70-100). The presence of TMD signs has been reported in more than 50% of non- patients, with the presence of at least one symptom being reported among more than 30% of subjects.[6] Keywords: disorders; fonseca; prevalence; questionnaire; severity; students; study; temporomandibular; tmd; university
• Social Isolation in COVID-19: Impact on Mental Health of Young Adults by Verma, Aditi; Mehta, Abhishek (2022) - Comparison of different independent variables with severity of anxiety levels of study participants. Frequency distribution of study participants with different anxiety levels (n=438). Keywords: anxiety; covid-19; impact; isolation; levels; participants; students; study
• Impact of COVID-19 on perception and preparedness among clinical year Malaysian undergraduate dental students – A cross-sectional study by Rath, Avita; Wong Li Zheng, Melissa; Pannuti, Claudio Mendes (2022) - Due to constant change of directives by the Government, as a result of spikes of infections, lockdowns were implemented, drastically affecting the learning time of clinical year students A significantly higher percentage of 5th year dental students (90.0%) and 3rd year students (86.6%) compared to 4th year dental students (62.7%) strongly agreed with the technology- based education (p = 0.01). Keywords: covid-19; education; impact; learning; pandemic; perception; preparedness; students; study; table; undergraduate; year; year students
• Assessment of Iraqi dental practitioners' and undergraduate students' knowledge regarding dentin hypersensitivity management: A cross-sectional study by Zaidoon Hasan Mohammed; Thanaa Ghani Nema; Sohaib Fadhil Mohammed; Hamsa Zaki Al-Assadi; Ala Mahdi Muhamed Ali; Aya Alaa Hussein (2024) - Das, A., et al., Effect of Iontophoresis on the Effecgveness of Nano- Hydroxyapagte and Pro-argin in In-Office Treatment of Dengn Hypersensigvity: A Split-Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial. 2023. 15(12). Methods: 102 surveys were distributed via Google Forms to general prac++oners and fourth- and fiLh- year dental students at the Kerbala College of Den+stry in Iraq. Keywords: dentists; hypersensitivity; students
• Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Dental and Medical Students about Hepatitis B by Natik Raheem, Noor; Salah Salman, Abeer; Athraa Ali Mahmood; Wassan Nori; Hashim Mueen Hussein (2025) - AddiJon- ally, dental students had more frequent posiJve responses for use of gloves, changing gloves, use of face mask, changing face masks, use of disposable gown, and use of disposable instru- ments for the paJents posiJve or suspected HB virus (95.4%, 94.6%, 93.8%, 73.0%, 74.3%, and 96.3%, respecJvely) whereas medical students less frequently used those (67.6%, 62.7%, 59.5%, 24.9%, 47.6%, and 85.9%, respec- Jvely). No: number, %: percentage Knowledge, APtudes and PracJces of Dental and Medical Students about HepaJJs B Vol 13, No 1 (2025) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.952 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu 6 Table 2. Keywords: awareness; doi; groups; hbv; hepatitis; infection; knowledge; practice; students; study; vaccination; vaccine

• Observing Anterior Crowding In a Population Living a Century Ago by Cetnar, Christopher (2016) - Prevalence of anterior crowding found in the observed population Specimens positive for anterior crowding 16 Specimens negative for anterior crowding 13 Percent of specimens positive for anterior crowding 55% Table 2. One  method  to  de-­‐ termine  the  severity  of  anterior   crowding  to  determine  appropri-­‐ ate  treatment  is  the  widths  of  all   the  teeth  anterior  to  the  molars   are  measured  and  subtracted  from   the  sum  of  two  measurements   (mesial  of  the  lower  incisor  to  the   distal  of  the  lower  canine,  plus  dis-­‐ tal  of  lower  canine  to  the  mesial  of      Observing  Anterior  Crowding  In  a  Population  Living  a  Century  Ago   Vol  4, Keywords: anterior; century; mandibular; population; specimens
• Distribution and Angulation Pattern of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars by Iman Ali Khalil Al-Obaidi (2025) - Winter’s classificaDon was applied to evaluate the angulaDon of impacted third molars. A total of 153 impacted mandibular third molars were evalu- ated in 98 individuals who were 18 years or above. Keywords: anguladon; classificadon; depth; females; impacdon; males; mandibular; molars; ramus; study

• Variation in Maxillary Sinus Height and Length Among Skeletal Types I–III by Esam, Maha (2025) - Abstract Objec-ve: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of malocclusion in skeletal class I, II, III on maxillary sinus dimensions. MSH (maxillary sinus height) and MSL (maxillary sinus length) were measured using the MIMICS 19.0 software (Materialise HQ Technologielaan, Leuven, Belgium). Keywords: class; iii; maxillary; mean; sinus; value

• Clinical Efficiency of Diode Lasers (810+980nm) in Exposure of Maxillary Impacted Canines by Abdullah Alashbal, Alaa Faiz; Abdul Hameed, Balsam Saadi; Salman Ahmed, Soudad (2024) - Diode laser surgery versus scalpel surgery in the treatment of fibrous hyperplasia: a randomized clinical trial. Post-operative Bleeding score N Means SD SE Confidence interval (CI) 95% P -value Diode laser 15 0.4666 0.639 0.1652 0.1122 -0.8210 Keywords: canine; diode; exposure; laser; maxillary; scalpel; surgery

• Mode of cell death of co-cultured dental mesenchymal stem cells following exposure to endodontic irrigating solutions by Saberi, Eshagh Ali; Mollashahi, Narges Farhad; Ahmadi, Mahboobe; Pirhaji, Arezoo (2022) - Mode of cell death of co-cultured dental mesenchymal stem cells following exposure to endodontic irrigating solutions Vol 10 No 1 (2022) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2022.146 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Mode of cell death of co-cultured dental mesenchymal stem cells following exposure to endodontic irrigating solutions Eshagh Ali Saberi, Narges Farhad Mollashahi, Mahboobe Ahmadi, Arezoo Pirhaji Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Abstract Aims: This in vitro study aimed to determine the mode of cell death of co-cultured dental mesenchymal stem cells following exposure to different irrigating solutions. Keywords: apoptosis; cells; chx; death; edta; exposure; irrigating; mesenchymal; mode; necrosis; solutions; stem; stem cells
• Immunohistochemical expression of Cyclooxygenase 2 reflects the proliferative activity in the epithelium of odontogenic lesions by Verma, Vani; Chandrashekar, Chetana; Radhakrishnan, Raghu; Solomon, Monica Charlotte (2022) - Immunohistochemical analysis of COX-2 expression in dentigerous cyst, keratocystic odontogenic tumor and ameloblastoma: A comparative study. Signaling pathways regulating IL-1 alpha induced COX-2 expression. Keywords: ameloblastoma; cells; cox-2; cyst; doi; expression; keratocyst; lesions; odontogenic; radicular; study; unicystic

• Expression of TGFB3 in Pyogenic Granuloma by Hussein, Asmaa Ali (2025) - Results: Transforming growth factor beta-3 protein expression was measured using immunohistochemistry. 950 D3000 new imprint Word template Vol 13, No 1 (2025) ISSN 2167-8677 (online) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2025.950 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Expression of TGFB3 in Pyogenic Granuloma Asmaa Ali Hussein College of Medicine, University of Fallujah, Anbar, Iraq Abstract Objec0ve: The aim of the study was to determine the expression of TGFB3 in pyogenic gran- uloma. Keywords: expression; granuloma; growth; minutes; pyogenic; samples; slides; staining; tgfb3

• Selected Salivary Antioxidant Levels in Relation with Periodontal Diseases by Khair Al-Deen Banoosh Alayoubi, Sulafa (2025) - Results and Conclusion: No associa'ons were found between periodontal diseases and uric acid and salivary total protein content. Severe 1 1.6 ± 0 1.7 ± 0 ANOVA test p=0.09 p=0.36 Discussion Adults frequently suffer from chronic periodontal disease. Keywords: acid; diseases; group; levels; protein; salivary; total

• Effects of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation associated with Peri-implantitis by Al-Karawi, Aseel; Hameed, Abdulhameed; Da’aj, Sally; Abed, Zeyad (2023) - Staphylococcus aureus; Biofilm; Peri-implan,,s; Minimum Inhibitory Concentra,on Cita:on: Al-Karawi, A et al. (2023) Effects of an:bio:cs on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm forma:on associated with Peri-implan::s Den:stry 3000. 1:a001 doi:10.5195/d3000.2023.472 Received: March 10, 2023 Accepted: April 10, 2023 Published: April 21, 2023 Microsoft Word - 472 2023.docx Effects of an,bio,cs on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm forma,on associated with Peri-implan,,s Vol 11 No 1 (2023) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2023.472 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu Effects of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation associated with Peri-implantitis Aseel Al-Karawi1, Abdulhameed Hameed2, Sally Da’aj3, Zeyad Abed4 1Periodontics, Dentistry, Bilad Alrafidain University College, Diyala, Iraq 2Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ministry of Health, Diyala, Iraq 3Pediatric Dentistry, Bilad Alrafidain University College, Diyala, Iraq 4Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bilad Alrafidain University College, Diyala, Keywords: aureus; biofilm; implant; mic; peri; staphylococcus; sub
• Stability Assessmernt with Immediate Loading Using Blx Slactive Dental Implant by Mahmood, Ahmed Abdulkareem (2025) - Conclusion: When compared to the iniLal primary stability baseline values, the study found that secondary implant stability measured values for the type of dental implant studied increased significantly. ATer surgery, the primary stabil- ity was examined while secondary stability was evaluated 3 months later. Keywords: blx; implant; loading; primary; signi; stability; study; test

• Evaluation of Salivary and Oral Cell Collection Methods for Genomic DNA Extraction by Fernandez, Clarissa Christina Avelar; Ferreira, Fernanda Farage da Costa Felipe; Vasconcellos Cruz, Christiane; Costa, Marcelo de Castro (2019) - Collection of buccal cell DNA in seventh-grade children using water and a toothbrush. The objective of the study was to compare four different types of saliva and oral buccal cell collecting methods for genomic DNA extraction: (1)Expectoration of saliva, (2)Expectoration of saliva with lingual stimulation, (3)Scraping with cytological brush, and (4)Scraping with cytological brush and expectoration of saliva. Keywords: brush; collection; dna; expectoration; extraction; genomic; methods; saliva; scraping

• Monitoring of the Inverted Relation of Gingival Pads in a Non-Syndromic Infant by Chedid, Silvia José (2023) - J Can Dent Assoc (Toronto) 1973;39(3):182-8. 16. Riggs E, Kilpatrick N, Slack-Smith L, Chadwick B, Yelland J, Muthu MS, Gomersall JC. Keywords: eruption; exercises; figure; gingival; infant; monitoring; pads; relationship

• Correlation between a VEGF Marker and Patients with Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma by Ali, Asmaa H. (2025) - Mucoepidermoid carcinoma secNons showing strong VEGF expression [peroxidade (brown) immunostaining, counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). A significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between the intensity and expression of VEGF, according to the chi-square test. Keywords: carcinoma; cases; expression; grade; mucoepidermoid; vegf

• ZnO Nanoparticles and Pepper Fruit Extract Effect on Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus by Sura A. Jaber (2025) - In contrast, pep- per fruit extract at 300 mg/ml demon- strated the most significant inhibiHon zone against S. aureus. Results: The inhibiHon zones for S. mutans at doses of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 mg/ml were 2.12, 2.27, 2.58, and 2.98 mm, respecHvely. Keywords: aureus; bacteria; extract; fruit; mutans; nanoparticles; pepper; staphylococcus; zno
• A Potential Natural Alternative to Chlorhexidine Mouthwashes: An in Vivo Study in Rats by Bezamat, Mariana; Spitz, Alice; Sales Alviano, Daniela; Lopes da Silva, Dayanne; Telles, Vicente; Grillo Cabral, Marcia; Bolognese, Ana Maria (2023) - This study aimed to evaluate the presence of morphological, cellular, and tissue changes in the oral mucosa of 30 Wistar rats after topical application of different A. cymbifera extract solutions. Abstract Background: In the Brazilian northeast region, the leaves of a plant scientifically known as Aristolochia cymbifera (A. cymbifera) are therapeutically used to treat different conditions, including fevers, ulcers and stomach disorders. Keywords: chlorhexidine; cymbifera; extract; group; mouthwashes; study
• Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni Leaves Extract against Streptococcus sanguis (A Primary Inhabitant of Dental Plaque): In Vitro Study by Manar Ibrahim Ahmed; Ali Hamad, Safa; Abdulsalam, Maha (2025) - 5- Haffajee, A. D., Dibart, S., Kent, R. L., Jr, & Socransky, S. S. (1995). 7- Ximénez-Fyvie, L. A., Haffajee, A. D. & Socransky, S. S. (2000a). Keywords: analysis; bertoni; concentration; extract; leaves; plaque; rebaudiana; sanguis; stevia; streptococcus; study

• Evaluation of Glenoid Fossa Morphology in Different Facial Growth Patterns: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study by Karandish, Maryam; Farmani, Somaye; Khademi, Bahar; Paknahad, Maryam (2023) - Distribution of subjects according to different growth patterns Evalua&on of Glenoid Fossa Morphology in Different Facial Growth Pa=erns: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study Vol 11 No 1 (2023) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2023.172 h#p://den*stry3000.pi#.edu Statistical analysis Data were analyzed using SPSS software package V.18 (version 18, SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). One- way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post-hoc test were used to evaluate the association between different growth patterns and glenoid fossa morphology. Keywords: beam; cone; eminence; fossa; glenoid; growth; morphology; study; tomography

• Non-syndromic oral clefts and risk of cancer: a systematic review by Popoff, Daniela Araújo Veloso; Coelho, Mateus Prates; Martelli, Daniella Reis Barbosa; Saini, Rajiv; Coletta, Ricardo Della; Martelli-Júnior, Hercílio (2013) - [2].Thus, given the growing number of studies published currently suggesting a common etiology for CL/P and cancer and increased risk of cancer among relatives of cleft individuals From studies investigating cancer in relatives of individuals with oral clefts, only two suggest that the irst- and second-degree relatives of the individuals with clefts are not at an increased risk for cancer Keywords: cancer; cle; cleft; family; individuals; lip; medline; palate; pubmed; relatives; risk; studies; study

• The role of different factors in the development of cleft lip, palate, or both by Natheer Ayed Jassem; Ghufran A. Hasan; Mudher MB. Alsunbuli (2024) - The role of different factors in the development of cleft lip, palate, or both Vol 12 No 1 (2024) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2024.647 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu The role of different factors in the development of cleft lip, palate, or both Natheer Ayed Jassem1, Ghufran A. Hasan 2, Mudher MB. Keywords: cleft; cleft lip; development; factors; lip; palate; role; study
• Lack of association between IRF6 polymorphisms and nonsyndromic oral clefts in South Indian population by Gurramkonda, Venkatesh Babu; Murthy, Jyotsna; Syed, Altaf Hussain; Lakkakula, Bhaskar VKS (2013) - Lack of association between IRF6 polymorphisms and nonsyndromic oral clefts in South Indian population Venkatesh Babu Gurramkonda1, Jyotsna Murthy2, Altaf Hussain Syed2, and Bhaskar VKS Lakkakula1   1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India.  NSCLP most often occurs as an isolated de‐ fect in families with no history of clefts. Keywords: allele; association; cleft; epub; genet; irf6; lip; nsclp; palate; polymorphisms; population; risk; rs642961; v274i

• The Prevalence of Partial Edentulism and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study by Karadi, Ruaa Hameed; Awad, Ghufran Dhari; Mansi, Zainab Mahmood; Marzook, Ahmed Abed (2024) - In the present study, the high percentage of class III partial edentulism was in accordance with various studies that found Kennedy class III is the most prevalent pattern of partial edentulism [15,21-25]. Kennedy class I seems to be more commonly treated by RPDs Keywords: age; arch; class; edentulism; iii; journal; kennedy; prevalence; study

• Anatomical Changes Related to Age in Maxillary Sinus by Ghazi Saab, Noor (2025) - Anatomical changes related to age in maxillary sinus. CBCT scans from edentulous subjects, those with a history of mid-facial trauma, maxillary sinus cysts or tumors, or scans with incomplete coverage of the maxillary sinus area, were excluded [12]. Keywords: age; cbct; groups; height; maxillary; maxillary sinus; measurements; sinus; study

• Oral candidiasis: relation to systemic diseases and medications by Chu, Xiaozhu (2017) - Those  are  not  diseases   that  directly  cause  change  in  sali-­‐ vary  secretion  and  salivary  glands   or  those  suppress  the  host  auto-­‐ immunity.   [2]  Candidiasis   used  to  be  considered  as  only  an   opportunistic  infection  but  it  has   been  recognized  that  people  who   are  otherwise  healthy  can  develop   oral  candidiasis  too. Keywords: albicans; candidal; candidiasis; diseases; medications; study; subjects

• Evaluation of Tongue Volume and Airway Volume in Skeletal Class I and Class II Patients using Cone Beam Computed Tomography- A Cross Sectional Study by Thomas Abraham, Jim; Sagarkar, Roshan M; Sabrish, Sharanya; Govinakovi Shivamurthy, Prashantha; Mathew, Silju; Rakesh, Nagaraju (2023) - There was not much literature found comparing the correlation between tongue volume and airway volume in skeletal Class I and skeletal Class II. Skeletal Class I paMern had more tongue volume with a mean of 45.32 mm3 than skeletal Class II paMern with mean value of 40.27 mm3 with P value of <0.001. Keywords: airway; airway volume; class; class ii; doi; epub; pattern; print; study; tongue; tongue volume; volume
• Dental anomalies in orthodontic patients with and without skeletal discrepancies by Christina Avelar Fernandez, Clarissa; Gentil Mattos, Mônica; Vasconcellos Cruz Alves Pereira, Christiane; Costa, Marcelo de Castro (2020) - Dental anomalies in orthodontic patients with and without skeletal discrepancies Clarissa Christina Avelar Fernandez1, Mônica Gentil Mattos1, Christiane Vasconcellos Cruz Alves Pereira1, Marcelo de Castro Costa1 1 Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil The prevalence of dental anomalies can range from 5.46 to 74.7%,1,3 due to different ethnicities and di- agnostic criteria.1,4,5 The etiology of dental anomalies includes ge- netic and environmental fac- tors.2,5,6 Skeletal malocclusions are usually categorized and described by dis- turbances in the craniofacial and occlusal relationships7 and often appear together with the dental anomalies, asserting their relation and complicating therapy.8 It ap- pears that dental anomalies may be more likely to occur if individu- als have Class II or Class III rela- tionships in comparison to Class I.9 This sophisticated clinical defini- tion is a base for phenotype-geno- type correlation, that may contrib- ute to more accurate treatment predictions and to genetic stud- ies.9 Keywords: anomalies; class; discrepancies; doi; malocclusion; studies

• Potential inheritance patterns of a prothrombin gene mutation in a 23-year-old female and ethical considerations of a positive diagnosis: a case report by Brand, Hannah (2017) - While  refraining  from  the   aforementioned  risk  factors  can   sometimes  be  enough  to  prevent   the  formation  of  a  clot,  some  indi-­‐ viduals  with  the  prothrombin  mu-­‐ tation  still  develop  clots.   War-­‐ farin  works  by  preventing  the   proper  functioning  of  Vitamin  K   during  the  formation  of  clots  (2,   6). Keywords: blood; clots; mutation; prothrombin; risk

• Evaluating the Citotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity of Nano Zinc-Glyde Mixture for Intracanal Irrigation by Shammaa Anees Sahib AlAnsari; Sameer Kadhim, Maitha; Hamed Abed, Hayder (2025) - Abstract Objec8ve: In this research, we evaluated the anHbacterial efficiency and cytotoxicity of Glyde including its Zinc NPs preparaHons in three different raHos comparing them with the conven- Honal Glyde. In Table 3, there was a signiAicant difference among tests groups (p>0.05) according to the inhibition zones diameters (mm) of Streptococcus (Gram-positive Facultative anaerobes cocci) by the effect of Glyde alone and Glyde mixed zinc nano particles. Keywords: cell; dose; entero; giii; giv; glyde; nano; nanoparticles; viability; zinc

• Neuromuscular Relaxation Using Anterior Leaf Gauge to Quick Guide the Condyles in Proper Position by Abo-Elmagd, Amal Abdallah A. (2025) - Issue 6 p608-610June DOI: 10.1016/0022- 3913(73)90267-9 [16] Carroll WJ, Woelfel JB, Huffman RW. Simple application of anterior jig or leaf [42] gauge in rou- tine clinical practice. Abo-Elmagd AAA (2025) Neuromuscular Relax- a%on Using Anterior Leaf Gauge to Quick Guide the Con- dyles in Proper Posi%on. Den%stry 3000. Keywords: anterior; centric; condyles; dent; gauge; leaf; position; relation

• Assessment of dentofacial variations in monozygotic twins by Tu, Victor (2017) - This   study  involves  retrospec0ve  as  well  as  current  analy0cal  measurements  between  a  set  of  monozygo0c  twins  to  assess   gene$c  and  outside  influences  on  facial  and  intraoral  development.   An-­‐ other  study  on  dental  arch  forms   and  the  structure  of  individual   teeth  of  several  monozygotic  twin   pairs  showed  that  twins  are  not   necessarily  always  occlusally  iden-­‐ tical  [4].   Keywords: development; differences; factors; pubmed; study; twins

• Etiology and familial inheritance of pleomorphic adenomas by Clark, Krysten (2017) - The  pur-­‐ pose  of  this  report  is  to  to  provide   evidence  for  an  autosomal  dominant   mode  of  inheritance  of  pleomorphic   adenomas.   It   has  also  been  noted  that  the  role  of   PLAG1  is  confined  to  pleomorphic   adenomas  and  carcinoma  ex  pleo-­‐ morphic  adenoma  and  does  not  play   a  role  in  other  types  of  salivary  gland   neoplasms. Keywords: adenomas; gene; gland; inheritance; plag1; pleo-­‐; tumor
• Molecular Detection of Tetracycline-Resistant Streptococcus viridans Bacteria Using the rpoA Gene by Al-Karawi, Aseel Jalil Ibrahim; Salim Hameed, Abdulhameed; Talib Da'aj, Sally; J. Ibrahim, Hadeel (2025) - The sensi4vity of the bacterial isolates of Streptococcus viridans under study to eight an4bio4cs was tested. Keywords: Streptococcus viridans, rpoA, tetM, Sequencing, PCR Cita9on: Al-Karawi AJI, et al. (2025) Keywords: antibiotic; bacteria; gene; isolates; pcr; resistance; results; rpoa; streptococcus; study; tetracycline; viridans

• Rescuing Case Reports by Vieira, Alexandre Rezende (2018) - Rescuing  Case  Re-­‐ ports.   Email:  arv11@pi$.edu     This  issue  of  Dentistry  3000   features  a  series  of  case  reports  that   have  particular  emphasis  on  condi-­‐ tions  that  appear  to  be  aggregating   in  families. Keywords: case; evidence; reports

• The Impact of Autoclave Sterilization on Cyclic Fatigue of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Endodontic Instruments by Khudhur, Sura Yaseen; Mohammed Hussein, Ibtihal; Mohammed Abdul Kadhum, Ola (2025) - Conclusions: The resistance to cyclic fa6gue of NiTi rotary instruments was not considerably impacted by the repeated autoclave steriliza6on cycles. Prior research indicated that when the austenite finish temperature of the tested NiTi file was below the temperature of the body, a disparity in cyclic fatigue resistance was seen between ambient temperature and the temperature of the body [41,42]. Keywords: autoclave; cyclic; fatigue; files; instruments; journal; nickel; rotary; sterilization; titanium

• Applicability of Moyer’s prediction tables to estimate the mesio-distal diameter of canines and premolars by de Sousa Galdino, Amanda; Braga Ramos, Tânia; Marques Filgueiras, Vitor; Wanderley Lacerda, Rosa Helena (2019) - The objective of this work was to assess the applicability of the Moyer’s prediction tables to http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://upress.pitt.edu/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Applicability of Moyer’s prediction tables to estimate the mesio-distal diameter of canines and premolars These results indicate that there are significant correlations between actual values and estimated ones by using the http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu/ Applicability of Moyer’s prediction tables to estimate the mesio-distal diameter of canines and premolars Keywords: canines; distal; genders; mesio; models; moyer; prediction; study; table; values

• Erratum to: Effects of a novel dye containing toothpaste versus regular fluoridated toothpaste for supragingival biofilm reduction in patients with chronic gingivitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Rath, A., Chong, J.N., HR, P., Teo, B., Zhen, N., & Yin, O. (2021). Dentistry 3000 2021; 9(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5195/d3000.2021.117 by Rath, Avita (2021) - Effects of a novel dye containing toothpaste versus regular fluoridated toothpaste for supragingival biofilm reduction in patients with chronic gingivitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial Vol 9 No 1 (2021) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2021.211 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Erratum to: Effects of a novel dye containing toothpaste versus regular fluoridated toothpaste for supragingival biofilm reduction in patients with chronic gingivitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The author’s name Chong Junning was corrected to Chong Jun Ning. Keywords: toothpaste

• Errata for “Lack of association between IRF6 polymorphisms and nonsyndromic oral clefts in South Indian population,” Volume 1, No 1 by Vinski, Sarah (2013) - The article title should be “Evidence of association between IRF6 polymorphisms and nonsyndromic oral clefts in South Indian population.” This page reflects errors that were found in the article “Lack of association between IRF6 polymorphisms and nonsyndromic oral clefts in South Indian population, Volume 1, No 1 of Dentistry 3000. Keywords: population

• Five years of Dentistry 3000 by Vieira, Alexandre Rezende (2017) - Five  years  of  Dentistry  3000   Alexandre  Rezende  Vieira     Editor  in  Chief   Department  of  Oral  Biology,  University  of  Pi4sburgh  School  of  Dental  Medicine,  Pi%sburgh  PA,  USA                 Cita%on:  Vieira  AR.  (2017)  Five  years  of  Den.stry   3000.   The  main  goal  of  the  journal  contin-­‐ ues  to  be  disseminating  scientific   information  in  dentistry,  which  is  a   field  that  suffers  due  to  the  limited   number  of  journals  interested  in   publishing  a  wide  range  of  topics  of   dental  research.         Keywords: dentistry; university

• Comparison of force decay pattern in orthodontic elastomeric chains and NiTi closed coil springs, affected by five different mouthwashes: An in vitro Study by Mirhashemi, Amir Hossein; Habibi Khameneh, Niloofar; Shahpoorzadeh, Keyvan; Saffar Shahroudi, Atefe (2021) - Comparison of force decay pattern in orthodontic elastomeric chains and NiTi closed coil springs, affected by five different mouthwashes: An in vitro study Vol 9 No 1 (2021) DOI 10.5195/d3000.2021.158 http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu Comparison of force decay pattern in orthodontic elastomeric chains and NiTi closed coil springs, affected by five different mouthwashes: An in vitro study AmirHossein Mirhashemi 1, Niloofar Habibi Khameneh 2, Keyvan Shahpoorzadeh 3, Atefe Saffar Shahroudi 4 1 Associate professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 Dental student, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3Dental student, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4 Assistant professor, Dental research center, Dentistry research institute, and Department of Orthodontics, Dental school, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mirhashemi, AH, et al. (2021) Comparison of force decay pattern in orthodontic elastomeric chains and NiTi closed coil springs, affected by five different mouthwashes: An in vitro study. Keywords: chains; coil; coil springs; decay; force; group; mouthwashes; niti; springs; study

• The Issue of Peer-Review by Vieira, Alexandre Rezende (2016) - In   the  future,  scientific  publications   will  receive  bigger  emphasis  on  re-­‐ actions  to  papers  after  publishing,   rather  than  the  delayed  peer-­‐review   process,  which  could  be  stream-­‐ lined  to  be  less  demanding,  since   this  process  will  continue  to  rely  on   trust.   This  peer-­‐review  process  gives   credibility  to  publications  and  is  not   only  used  for  defining  which  papers   should  be  published,  but  also  for   making  decisions  on  funding  of  re-­‐ search  projects.   Keywords: peer-­‐review; process

• Introducing Dentistry 3000 by Vieira, Alexandre R. (2013) - Email: arv11@pitt.edu A few decades ago, scientific journals were housed at university libraries, which handled the journal’s peer-review process and production. When universities faced economic hardships and library budgets were cut, one solution was to allow publishers take over journal responsibilities. Keywords: pittsburgh; university

Epilogue

For more detail, about this study carrel, see the computed home page. For more detail about study carrels in general, see the read me file.

Created: 2025-12-23