id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
absel-704	Dickinson, John R.	Marketing Management Simulation Games	2014	8	.pdf	application/pdf	5406	213	38	There is relatively little information in the PIMS data base that would provide a basis for concluding that the effectiveness of marketing strategy is anything but dependent on competitor strategies. TABLE 1: PIMS Marketing Mix Measures Competitor-Independent Expenditures Strategy Relative to Competitors product/service R & D ($) sales force ($) advertising and sales promotion including media ($) advertising media only ($) new products (percent of sales) vertical integration (value added as percent of sales) other marketing expenses ($) product quality sales force expenditures sales promotion expenditures advertising expenditures new products (percent of sales) backward vertical integration forward vertical integration product/company image prices breadth of product line quality of services Sources: Abell and Hammond (1979, pp. Competitor strategies would have impaired the effectiveness of the focal strategy, yet the ordinal measure of effectiveness would not change.	cache/absel-704.pdf	txt/absel-704.txt