INCORPORATION OF JOB ANALYSIS RESULTS IN VARIOUS FORMS OF SELECTION INTERVIEWS Developments In Business Simulation & Experiential Exercises, Volume 22, 1995 246 INCORPORATION OF JOB ANALYSIS RESULTS IN VARIOUS FORMS OF SELECTION INTERVIEWS Mary Jo Vaughan, Mercer University ABSTRACT This exercise is designed to give participants experience in applying job analysis to the development of selection instruments, specifically selection interviews. It also exposes participants to various forms of selection interviews. ADMINISTRATION This exercise requires previous knowledge of job analysis techniques and different forms of selection interviews. It works well with groups of four to five participants. The exercise takes approximately two hours and may be split into two sessions. Materials required are minimal and include the Group Leader Job Analysis Handout and flip chart paper or transparency sheets with markers for each group. PROCESS Group Formation Assemble the participant’s in-groups. Assign each member of the group to one of the following roles: Moderator - facilitates the flow of conversation and makes sure everyone is heard. Reference specialist - gets books or materials needed or answers to procedural questions. Task director - keeps the group focused and on task. Recorder - writes down ideas and group results. (Multiple individuals may be assigned to roles or roles combined for odd numbered groups.) Describe the following scenario to the group: “You have been given a group project to complete for one of your classes. This project is worth 60% of your grade in the class and the smooth functioning of the group will be essential to a successful outcome. A group of students who completed this course the previous term will serve as group leaders for the project (they can assume that the students are receiving course credit for their participation as a leader). The instructor has assembled the groups. Each group must now develop a selection interview to use in choosing their leader from the group of student volunteers. Emphasize to the groups that the choice of a leader will affect their chance of successfully completing the group project.” Job Analysis Distribute the Group Leader Job Analysis handout. This handout describes two tasks, which are designed to facilitate incorporation of the job analysis information into the selection interview. Task one asks participants to list and define four dimensions of leader behavior identified by the job analysis. Examples include teamwork, planning, organizing, communicating, decision making, goal achievement, motivating, interpersonal skills and innovation. Participants are encouraged to be specific in the definitions of the dimensions. Task two has participants develop behavioral anchors for the leader dimensions. Group members are encouraged to brainstorm examples of what they consider high, average, and low levels of these behaviors. The focus is on specific examples of behaviors. Participants are asked to list on a flip chart or transparency their final dimensions and behavioral anchors. These will be used for discussion either at this point or at the conclusion of the exercise. Interview Development Participants develop interview questions for each of the identified dimensions. Groups may be assigned a specific type of interview format or may be allowed to choose (if allowed to choose, have them justify their choice over other possible choices). The suggested formats are Situational, where interviewees are asked how they would react to a described situation; Behavioral, where interviewees are asked to describe a specific type of situation they have experienced and explain what they actually did; Traditional, where interviewees are asked basic questions regarding past experience, education, extracurricular activities, etc. The advantage of assigning formats is that it guarantees each type of interview will be developed and facilitates discussion regarding format comparison. Interview Role Play Participants conduct a mock interview using the questions they developed. The interviewee should be a volunteer from another group. Developments In Business Simulation & Experiential Exercises, Volume 22, 1995 247 DISCUSSION The exercise should be related to aspects of job analysis and selection interviews. The following questions may be asked: Behavior dimensions What dimensions of leader behavior did each group identify? Why were these specific dimensions emphasized? Note differences in dimensions and whether they are semantics or actual differences in required behavior. (Groups may be asked to use dimensions on flip charts or transparencies to facilitate comparisons between groups.) Interview format What are the differences between types of interview format? Have participants explain the specifics of their particular format and have them elaborate on how they expect their questions to predict behavior. What were the interview questions and what behavioral dimensions were the questions targeting? Focus on whether the questions followed the specified interview format and what type of information they expected from each question. (Groups may be asked to list questions on flip charts or transparencies to facilitate comparisons between groups.) Interview role play Would the interviewers change the interview questions after the mock interview? Did they receive the information they expected? Would they have been comfortable choosing a leader based on answers to their questions? Why or why not? Keep participants focused on the interview technique and not on their perceptions of the individual they interviewed. How did the interviewees respond to the interview questions? Were the questions clear? Were they leading (did the interviewee know the dimension the question was focused on)? Focus on the perceptions of the interviewee. Did the question cause them to describe the expected behaviors? GROUP LEADER JOB ANALYSIS The group leader will be responsible for coordinating group activities. The individual will disseminate task information and maintain communication between the group and the class facilitator and other groups. The group leader will assign tasks to group members and ensure tasks are completed accurately and on time. In addition, the group leader will be responsible for conducting periodic performance evaluations of group members and coordinating peer reviews between group members. Task One Using the above information, identify four dimensions of leader behavior. List and briefly define each of the dimensions. Task Two Establish specific behavioral anchors for each of the four dimensions, i.e. high, average, and low levels of behavior. Give at least two examples of each level of behavior for each dimension. Interview Development Develop four interview questions, one for each leader dimension. Use the situational interview, behavioral interview or traditional interview format as specified. Table of Contents Volume 22, 1995 Simulation Performance, Learning and Struggle Are Good Simulation Performers Consistently Good? Cognitive and Behavioral Consistency in a Computer-Based Marketing-Simulation-Game Environment: An Empirical Investigation of the Decision-Making Process Chalk & Cheese: Executive Short-Course vs. Academic Simulations Revisiting Personality Bias in Total Enterprise Simulations Are Good Strategies Consistently Good? Investigating the Use of a Computer Simulation as an Effective Pedagogical Tool for the Application of a Strategic Model The Problem of determining an Individualized Simulation's Validity as an Assessment Tool A Simulation Based Analysis of the Value of Information in the Hrebiniak Joyce Typology of Adaptation Relative to Porter's Generic Strategies The Impact of Sales and Income Growth on Profitability and Market Measures in Actual and Simulated Industries A Comparison of a Stand Alone Version of a Simulation with the Traditional Competitive Version Computer-Assisted Gaming of International Business Analyzing Simulations with Computer-Based Programs and Applying the Experience to a Real-World Business A Preliminary Investigation of the Use of a Bankruptcy Indicator in a Simulation Environment Graduates' Views on the Use of Computer Simulation Games Versus Cases as Pedagogical Tools An Analytical Advertising Model Approach to the Determination of Market Demand Dealing with the Complexity Paradox in Business Simulation Games A Prototyping Approach for Incorporating Large Data Bases into Media Planning Simulations: An Example Using Magazine Media Through the Looking Glass, Inc: Superior-Subordinate Personality Type and the Leniency effect Evaluating the Effectiveness of Role Playing Simulation and Other Methods in Teaching Managerial Skills Student and Teacher Perceptions of a Management Simulation Course Performance Evaluation: The Effect on the Propensity to Create Budgetary Slack Management Team Formation for Large Scale Simulations Comparative Static Analysis with the Complete PPA Package: A Strategic Market Planning Tool Consistency in Intent: Learning Objectives at the 1994 Intercollegiate Business Policy Competition A New Twist on an Old Game: The Business Strategy Game: A Global Industry Simulation 3ed Evaluation of Performance in Management Simulation: A Management Coefficients Model Building SimuWorlds: Strategic Management Games of the Future Bulls and Bears: A Stock Market Simulation A Systems Thinking Paradigm and Think Computer Simulation Model of Broadcast and Cable Television Industry Competition Jacket Factory The Sales Management Simulation The Marketing Management Simulation A Demonstration of Promodel Demonstrating A New, Cross-Functional Business Simulation: Vision+ A Cost Chain For The Business Strategy Game Simulation Special Session On Experiential Teaching Compensation Dilemmas: An Exercise In Ethical Decision-Making Organizational Storytelling: Telling Tales In The Business Classroom Evaluating Experiential Training: Case Study And Recommendations The Internship Portfolio: An Innovative Tool For Experiential Learning, Critical Thinking, And Communication An Ethnographic Analysis Of The Pedagogical Impact Of Cooperative Communicating Consumer Behavior: A Long-Term Integrated Exercise Using Personal Consumption Journals And Consumer Analysis Papers An Experiential Paradigm For Teaching Business Problem Solving Developing Leadership Skills The Spss® Student Assistant: The Integration of A Statistical Analysis Program Into A Marketing Research Textbook Negotiating With Your Students Using TQM Principles To Transform Accounting Systems Into An Experiential Exercise Enhancing The Effectiveness Of Outdoor-Based Experiential Training Using Virtual Reality Concepts Case Writing In A Developing Country: An Indonesian Example Experiential Learning Using Focus Groups How Real Should Experiential Pedagogy Be? A Viewpoint From Our Students Reengineering The Internship: A New Approach To Experiential Learning Utilizing The Cosmopolitan/Local And Marginal Man Constructs To Measure Students' Propensity For Creativity Developing Experiential Processes For Teaching Quantitative Techniques For Business Team Learning Roles: A Cooperative Learning Technique Creating the Ultimate Small Business Student Experience: Melding Score/Ace with SBI The Development of Trust in Work Teams: The Impact of Touch Some Outcomes of Experiential Learning: How the Cultural Dynamics of Different Countries are reflected in Workplace Norms & Values Incorporation of Job Analysis Results in Various Forms of Selection Interviews Chudesno, Inc.: An Evaluation of an Experiential Training and Development Simulation An Exercise for Exploring the Relationship between Jungian Psychological Types and Organizational Dynamics Partnership: A Radical Approach to Experiential Learning Partnership: A Nice Idea, But How Do I Get Started? Recognizing Discrimination at Work Using Critical Incident Skills Questions to Help Students Become More Successful at Job Interviewing The Video Project Introduction to Psychological Type Theory Come On Down Understanding Facilitation for Development and Continuous Learning: A Micro-Workshop Leadership and Empowerment: An Experiential Exercise in Decision Making Experiential Exercises and Pedagogy Track Workshop: Selecting a Manager for Maquiladora, Inc. Experiential Training In Multi-Cultural Corporate Settings The Role of Facilitation as an Aid to Complete Learning An Experiential Exercise to Illustrate Difference in Information Processing Behaviors and Styles How to Deliver Accessible Survey Results Age Diversity in the Workplace- Family Feud Style Nafta Standoff: A Cross-Cultural negotiating Role-Play Three Strikes and You're Out!: A Downsizing Experiential Exercise