s
scientific treatise on the phenomena of atmospheric
history of the McKendree Avery's “History of
History of electricity, it is almost exclusively a collection of nar-
United States. the United States” has recently ap ratives of the strange pranks which lightning plays.
peared, together with the announcement that the A majority of the stories are devoted to freaks of
publishers, Messrs. Burrows Brothers & Co., have lightning in various parts of France; they are there-
decided to increase the number of volumes in the fore not lacking in color. But after all reasonable
finished product from twelve to fifteen. A publica- allowances have been made for the excited condition
tion so unmistakably popular in character, and yet of those who witnessed the results of the lightning
so thorough-going in its breadth of treatment and strokes, and for their usual lack of scientific train-
accuracy of statement, cannot fail to influence general ing, the residuum of fact is sufficiently astonishing.
opinions and at the same time to win the good-will Several instances are related where lightning has
of historical scholars; therefore we welcome every in-destroyed the clothing without doing any serious
dication of detailed labor. As in the first volume, harm to the wearer of it; for the shoes of its victims
the illustrations are an attractive and commendable it appears to have a special antipathy, usually tear-
feature, while the dex to them, occurring in the ing them to pieces even when the destructio of the
front part of the book, is decidedly instructive. This rest of the clothing is incomplete. Occasionally its
index is very much more than a mere list of maps, effects are beneficial to the person struck, as when
autographs, and documents in facsimile; rather might it restores sight to the blind, hearing to the deaf,
it be called a series of descriptive notices, giving, in and speech to the dumb; paralysis is cured at times
most instances, the history and present whereabouts by a lightning stroke, at other times it is caused by
of its subjects. It is followed by a brief account of the same means. Animals are generally more sus-
seventeenth-century chronology, the introductory ceptible to death by lightning than men: sheep are
value of which is much appreciated in a work of this killed while the shepherd is spared ; the ploughman's
sort. The Appendix is made up of two distinct parts horses are killed while he escapes. The reader is
– the one statistical, the other bibliographical. The apt to wonder whether some of the stories may not
former contains the names, not only of the early colo be pure fabrications, sent to the author in a spirit of
nial governors, but also of the Mayflower passengers, pleasantry, as the following: “ During a storm which
grouped in a somewhat more convenient order than in took place in the month of August, 1901, lightning
Bradford; the latter is a chapter bibliography, deserv- entered by a half-open door into a stable where there
ing of very favorable comment. It is complete even to were twenty cows, and killed ten. Beginning with
the inclusion of works yet in press, and, above all, it that which was nearest the door, the second was
is critical. The body of the text brings our history spared, the third killed, the fourth was uninjured,
down to 1660, and, since the arrangement of material
and so on.
All the uneven numbers were killed


332
[May 16,
THE DIAL
the others were not even burned. The shepherd,
Life and letters of Though the ordinary manual of En-
who was in the stable at the time of the shock, got an unfortunate glish history has much to say of the
up unhurt. The lightning did not burn the building, Italian princess. “ glorious revolution" of 1688, it
although the stable was full of straw.” One who will pays but scant attention to the Italian princess whose
read carefully the hundreds of accounts collected by coming to England was one of the chief causes of that
the industry of the author, and then attempt to form event. There can be no doubt that the marriage of
a theory as to the laws which govern the behavior the Duke of York to Mary Beatrice of Modena had
of atmospheric electricity, will find himself in com much to do with the positive stand that he took on
plete agreement with the closing sentence of the book: religious questions when he ascended the throne as
“Decidedly, we have much to learn in this as well James II. Mr. Martin Haile has recently published a
as in all the other branches of knowledge."
study of the life and times of this unfortunate princess
in a volume entitled "Queen Mary of Modena, her
Eleven famous Dr. Beverly Warner's “Famous In-
Introductions
to the plays
Life and Letters ” (Dutton). The work is largely
troductions to Shakespeare's Plays"
a collection of source materials, gathered principally
of Shakespeare. (Dodd, Mead & Co.) is another
from the Queen's own letters, but also from diplo-
infringement of the self-denying ordinance that con-
matic correspondence and reports. Many of the
scientious publishers and editors should enact,
extracts given are both interesting and valuable; but
never to duplicate, without necessity, good work
the author has also included a great deal of informa-
already in the field. Of the eleven introductions
tion that is relatively unimportant. As a history,
printed in this book, six were included in Mr. Nichol
the volume has decided value in two respects : it
Smith's “Eighteenth Century Essays on Shake-
shows us the more attractive side of the Restoration
speare,” which was reviewed in these columns two
court, and it disposes of a number of problems con-
years ago. They are the prefaces to the editions of
nected with the Jacobite movements of the Orange-
Rowe, Pope, Theobald, Hanmer, Warburton, and
Stuart period. At the court of Charles II., the sur-
Johnson. To them Dr. Warner has added the intro-
roundings and behavior of the young Duchess Mary
ductions to the First Folio and to the editions of
Stevens, Capell, Reed, and Malone. He nowhere
were in striking contrast to those that prevailed
about her. “Not her beauty alone, but the candour,
alludes to Mr. Nichol Smith’s volume, the editorial
grace and goodness which accompanied it, captivated
matter of which would have been of service to him.
For example, he regards Rowe's Life of Shake-
the people.” After the exile in 1688, Queen Mary
was the moving force in nearly all the Jacobite plots
speare “as the most important of all contributions
and conspiracies against the "usurpers "in England,
to Shakespearean literature, next to the plays printed
both before and after the death of James II. Had
from the lost manuscripts which Heminge and Con-
it not been for the stubbornness of her selfish friend,
dell included in their Folio”; yet the version of it
Louis XIV., it seems that the Queen's plans would
which he prints is Pope's mutilated one, as a refer-
have succeeded in the end. While clearly in sym-
ence to Mr. Smith's volume would have shown. His
own editorial matter is not of great value, and there
pathy with his subject, Mr. Haile writes in a calm,
is no index. The English, too, is not always irre-
temperate manner, and has produced a readable
biography. The volume is provided with a number
proachable. The introductions themselves are of a
of excellent illustrations, portraits of members of the
curious historical interest, they indicate so clearly
Stuart and Modenese families, and of distinguished
the source of the best modern theories of editing,
and they reveal so entertainingly the internecine
contemporaries.
rivalries of eighteenth-century criticism. The art of
Of the sixty-nine volumes of the
The story of
slaying one's adversary in the manner of Warburton
Story of the Nations” series thus
and Pope is, perhaps happily, lost; but its extinction
far issued, Greece was the subject
has done much to eclipse the gayety of nations. of the first and is now of the latest number. Other
Warburton's castigation of Theobald can never lose countries have received this double honor, their
its charm: “What he read, he could transcribe; extended history being divided into periods. But
but as to what he thought, if he ever did think, he Professor E. S. Shuckburgh's “ Greece, from the
could ill express, so he read on, and by that means Coming of the Hellenes to A.D. 14” (Putnam),
got a character of learning, without risquing to every while traversing the same time as Professor Har-
observer the imputation of wanting a better talent.” rison's earlier book, emphasizes the literary and
In the light of the best modern views on the staging artistic achievements of the Greeks rather than their
of Shakespeare, one reads with some amusement battles and their politics — the soul of Hellas rather
Malone's complacent remark: “All the stage direc- than her body. The book is written throughout with
tions, throughout this work, I have considered as the fluent ease of a scholar who carries in memory
wholly in my power, and have regulated them in the the outline of Greek history, and has pondered fruit-
best manner I could. The reader will also, I think, fully on its most significant movements. Professor
be pleased to find the place in which every scene is Shuckburgh published a summary History of the
supposed to pass, precisely ascertained." It would Greek People” about five years ago ; and some of
perhaps have been well if he had not done his work the present volume's contents are apparently worked
so thoroughly.
over from that. In such a survey, limited to 453
Greece once
more re-told.
66


1906.]
333
THE DIAL
In many
an abolitionist.
pages, proportion and perspective are naturally in Germany; and, secondarily, to study Great
difficult to maintain; but the author has generally Britain's national problems in the light of Ger-
succeeded in doing this, and has left to the reviewer man experience. He takes, as his point of departure,
the
easy task of praise for a work which, while no the distinction between English individualism on
more scholarly than Bury or Bristol, is more read the one hand and German governmentalism on the
able. Per contra, it has been written, and printed, other, and recognizes that a well-balanced union of
a trifle too easily. On p. 17, “Hellenic” should these forces produces national success.
evidently be “ Homeric”; “dreaming” (p. 215) directions, he believes, can Great Britain turn to
is allowed to stand for “claiming,” or, better, Germany for instruction : in the organization of
"asserting"; the death of Euripides (p. 154) is put her army; in the conducting of her agriculture and
two years too late; in a passage (p. 146) recounting agricultural education; in the management of her
the splendors of Athenian art under Pericles, it is canals and railroads; and in her economic policy
as surprising to find the Parthenon dismissed with of protection. The facts Mr. Eltzbacher gives about
a single allusion as it is to see the Venus of Melos Germany are interesting, and are substantiated by
assigned to this period. Plato's name, too, might statistics ; but one is tempted to take issue with him
well have been included in the list (p. 264) of when he disparages, almost to the point of vindic-
eminent literary visitors to Sicilian courts. There tiveness, his home government. His statements here
are several other minor slips which detract from the would carry more weight were they less extravagant,
pleasant impression made by the book as a whole. - notably in the comparison between the railroad
The numerous illustrations are excellent reproduc- systems of the two countries. The general reader
tions of some of the best specimens of Hellenic art. can scarcely fail to be interested in the chapters on
There is always an interest attaching toward Russia, and the rise of the Social Democratic
Germany's expansion, its world policy, its attitude
The memoirs of
to the account of a great movement
by one who was himself a part of it, described by one who is evidently conversant with
party; for these subjects are vigorously and vividly
even though the account may be partial and preju- them. “Modern Germany” is both instructive and
diced ; the personal element is present to give life,
and life is worth more than minute historical ac-
opportune.
curacy. The book of Mr. John F. Hume, “The
Abolitionists, together with Personal Memoirs of the
BRIEFER MENTION.
Struggle for Human Rights, 1830–1864” (Putnam),
is of this class. The author was reared in an aboli-
Professor James Harvey Robinson's valuable source-
tionist family in Ohio; in his youth he saw the book for students of the mediæval and modern ages,
workings of the Underground Railroad, and as hitherto published in two volumes, is now abridged
lawyer and editor in St. Louis at the outbreak of
These “ Readings in European History" are
the Civil War he was a vigorous worker for the
selected with wide knowledge of the field, and nice judg-
abolitionist cause. Naturally, he retains the point
ment of the needs of youthful learners. The value of
of view of the abolitionists and the outspoken cer-
a narrative manual is at least doubled by the collateral
use of such a work as this. Messrs. Ginn & Co. are the
tainty that the abolitionists were right and all others
publishers.
wrong. The book was called out by the slighting
“ Elson's Music Dictionary,” edited by Mr. Louis C.
references to the abolitionists made by President
Elson, and published by the Oliver Ditson Co., is a
Roosevelt in his life of Benton, written twenty years volume of moderate size and extreme usefulness. The
ago, and is a vigorous statement of the part that they definitions are generally brief, and there are great num-
played in bringing on the Civil War and the aboli bers of them, including the most modern expressions in
tion of slavery. An interesting aspect of the book German, French, Italian, and English. Particular at-
is the evidence it gives that the old abolitionist tention is paid to the work of indicating pronunciation,
hostility to Abraham Lincoln has not yet given way
a much-needed matter. We can cordially commend
this book to students and teachers alike.
to the unbounded admiration for him that now
generally prevails. The author considers him as
A series of lectures by Dr. Melville Bigelow, deliv-
ered on various occasions before the Boston University
by no means the all-important factor in the national
life of his day.
Law School as a “part of the plan of legal extension
now on foot there,” now appear in a volume with the
An English It is evidently a firmly rooted con title “Centralization and the Law” (Little, Brown, &
Germany's
viction of Mr. O. Eltzbacher that his
Co.).
The main lines of thought centre around the
development. country, Great Britain, by no means ideas (1) of Equality, which, according to the author,
makes the most of her potential utilities. Germany,
was formerly the dominant legal force in American life;
on the other hand, with far less natural endowment,
(2) of Inequality, which is characteristic of present con-
has adopted a political and economic policy so prac-
ditions; and (3) of Administration, which is the supreme
tical and far-sighted that her development, especially
end of legal, and, in fact, of all education intended to
fit men for the practical affairs of life. Specifically, the
since Bismarck's time, has been nothing short of
more important subjects discussed are the extension of
phenomenal. Mr. Eltzbacher's aim in writing his
legal education, the nature of law, monopoly, the scien-
book on “Modern Germany” (Dutton) is to con tific aspects of law, and government regulation of rail-
sider, primarily, this policy, together with its results
into one.
admirer of
way rates.


334
[May 16,
THE DIAL
Recent school-books published by the American Book
NOTES.
Co. include “ Elementary Latin Writing," by Miss Clara
A new and revised edition of “The Reformation,"
B. Jordan; “ Elementary Physical Science for Grammar
by Professor George Park Fisher, is published by the
Schools,” by Dr. John F. Woodhull; and “First Year
Messrs. Scribner.
in Algebra,” by Mr. Frederick H. Somerville.
“Ferns and How to Grow Them,” by Mr. G. A. Wool-
The Putnams will soon bring out in this country a
son, is the second volume in the “Garden Library” of
volume of literary criticism by Dr. Stopford A. Brooke,
Messrs. Doubleday, Page & Co.
which will contain, among other essays, appreciations of
“ The Choral Song Book,” edited by Messrs. W. M.
Matthew Arnold, D. G. Rossetti, Arthur Hugh Clough,
and William Morris.
Lawrence and F.H. Pease, is a recent school publication
of Messrs. Rand, McNally & Co.
A second volume of “ Mark Twain's Library of Hu-
Washington's “ Farewell ” and Webster's “ Bunker
mor,” published by Messrs. Harper & Brothers, is
Hill Orations” fill up a new “ Pocket Classic,” edited by
entitled “ Women and Things.” It includes about thirty
Dr. William T. Peck, and published by the Macmillan Co.
examples of American humor by nearly that number of
A “First Science Book” for elementary schools,
writers, and the selections range all the way from lit-
erature to vulgar buffoonery.
treating of physics and chemistry, is the work of Mr.
“ The Analysis of Racial Descent in Animals” by
Lothrop D. Higgins, and is published by Messrs. Ginn
& Co.
Professor Thomas H. Montgomery, Jr., of the Univer-
sity of Texas, will be published this month by Messrs.
Episodes from the Gallic and the Civil Wars” of
Henry Holt & Co. It is a critical examination of the
Julius Cæsar, edited for school use by Professor Mau-
comparative value of the phenomena to be interpreted,
rice W. Mather, is a recent publication of the American
and is, it is believed, alone in the field it covers.
Book Co.
To the “ Standard English Classics” of Messrs. Ginn
An essay on Robert Louis Stevenson, by Messrs. G. K.
& Co. there have recently been added these volumes:
Chesterton and W. Robertson Nicoll, is published by
Thackeray's “Henry Esmond,” edited by Mr. Hamilton
Messrs. James Pott & Co. in a small volume with a
Byron Moore; Ruskin's “Sesame and Lilies,” edited by
portrait.
Mrs. Lois G. Hufford; and DeQuincey's “The English
“The Small House at Allington," in two volumes, is
Mail-Coach” and “ Joan of Arc,” edited by Professor
published by Mr. John Lane in the neat edition of
Milton Haight Turk.
Trollope reprints which already numbers upwards of a
The Oliver Ditson Co., besides publishing the “Mu-
dozen titles.
sicians' Library," issue also a “Half Dollar Music Series"
“ A Dictionary of Artists and Art Terms," by Mr.
in paper covers. The latest number in this series is a
Albert M. Hyamson, is a new booklet in Routledge's
very acceptable set of "Twenty Songs by Stephen C.
“Miniature Reference Library,” published by Messrs. Foster,” edited by Mr. N. Clifford Page. A biographical
E. P. Dutton & Co.
page is included, and a portrait of this distinctively
“ The Sources of Water Supply in Wisconsin,” by Mr. American composer.
W. G. Kirchoffer, and “ Anatomy in America,” by Pro It will take three bulky volumes to contain the jour-
fessor C. R. Bardeen, are recent numbers of the Uni-
nals of the Continental Congress for the single year
versity of Wisconsin publications.
1776, and the second of the three, edited by Mr. Worth-
A “ Deutsches Liederbuch für Amerikanische Stu-
ington C. Ford, is now at hand from the Government
denten,” edited under the auspices of the Germanic Soci-
Printing Office. The period is from June 5 to October
ety of the University of Wisconsin, is a recent publica- 8, and consequently the whole history of the Declaration
tion of Messrs. D. C. Heath & Co.
is imbedded within these pages.
Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. publish “A Course in Three small volumes of Wordsworthiana are reprinted
Narrative Writing,” by Misses Gertrude Buck and
in uniform style by Mr. Henry Frowde. One is a selec-
Elizabeth Woodbridge Morris, and “A Practice-Book tion of “ Wordsworth's Literary Criticism,” edited by
in English Composition,” by Mr. Alfred M. Hitchcock.
Mr. Nowell C. Smith; another is the “Guide to the
The annual summer classes for the study of English, Lakes” (from the 1835 edition), edited Mr. Ernest
under the direction of Mrs. H. A. Davidson, will be held de Sélincourt; and the third is the volume of “ Poems
in Cambridge, Mass., from July 5 to August 10. An and Extracts” chosen by the poet from various writers
attractive programme of courses and lectures has been in 1819 for an album presented to Lady Mary Lowther.
arranged.
A new work entitled “ The King's English ” is about
The first series of the “ Essays of Elia,” edited by to be published by the Oxford University Press. The
Professor George Armstrong Wauchope, is published by compilers have passed by all rules that are shown by
Messrs. Ginn & Co. The notes are unusually adequate observation to be seldom or never broken, and have
to school needs, and there is other pedagogical appara illustrated by living examples, with the name of a rep-
tus of a useful sort.
utable authority attached to each, all blunders that
Two new school-books by Miss Eva March Tappan observation shows to be common. The book deals with
are published by Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. One questions of vocabulary, syntax, “airs and graces,"
is a collection of American Hero Stories,” told for chil punctuation, euphony, quotation, grammar, meaning,
dren, and the other is “ A Short History of England's ambiguity, and style, and there is a full index.
and America's Literature."
Text-books for English students of Russian are any-
“In the Days of Scott,” by Mr. Tudor Jenks, is thing but numerous, and we give a hearty welcome to
the fourth volume in the series of simple and pleasant the « Russian Reader” just issued from the University
narratives to which the author has previously contrib of Chicago Press. The book is an adaptation, by Mr.
uted a Chaucer, a Shakespeare, and a Milton. Messrs. Samuel Harper, of the French work of MM. Paul
A. S. Barnes & Co. are the publishers.
Boger and N. Speranski. The texts supplied are ac-
-


1906.]
335
THE DIAL
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 76 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
cented, and are all taken from the writings of Count
Tolstoy, especially from such of his writings as are ad-
dressed primarily to children. The notes so exceed the
texts in volume as almost to swallow them up. A
lengthy grammatical appendix, an index to the notes,
and a vocabulary, make up the remaining contents of
this volume, which is creditable alike to the young
scholar who has made it and to the institution from
which it issues.
During the next few weeks the University of Chicago
Press will publish the following books: “The Legisla-
tive History of Naturalization in the United States," by
Dr. Frank George Franklin; “ The Silver Age of the
Greek World,” by Professor John P. Mahaffy; Volume
III. of Dr. James H. Breasted's “ Ancient Records of
Egypt”; “ Hebrew Life and Thought," by Mrs. Louise
Seymour Houghton; and “The Social Ideals of Alfred
Tennyson as related to his Time,” by Dr. William Clark
Gordon.
EDWIN BURRITT SMITH.
The death of Edwin Burritt Smith, on the ninth of
this month, was the loss of an aggressive force exerted
for many years in the cause of civic morality and politi-
cal righteousness. In the former field, Mr. Smith was
one of the small band of earnest men who, through the
agency of the Municipal Voters' League, have wrought
a transformation in the city government of Chicago that
has made this city the cynosure and working model of
municipal reformers throughout the country. In the
latter and larger field, his activities were chiefly enlisted
in the struggle for civil service reform, in the war
against privilege as exemplified by the unholy protective
system, and in the effort to check the national madness
of imperialism. As head and front of the crusade con-
ducted (not as fruitlessly as many may now imagine)
by the Anti-Imperialist League, his splendid services in
behalf of the principles to which America owes all its
greatness are not likely to be forgotten, and will be
better appreciated fifty years from now than they are at
present. He was a practical idealist in the best sense,
never deluded by idle visions, never wasting his energies
upon schemes that leave human nature out of their
reckoning, but ever battling with all his might for con-
crete reforms, and accomplishing no little in the direction
of their realization. He was a man of the most absolute
intellectual integrity, incapable of making any compro-
mise with evil, a single-hearted man, simple and direct
in his methods, a plain blunt man whose sincerity nobody
dreamed of questioning. His faith was rooted in the
reasonableness of democracy, and in the words of Lincoln
and Lowell he found his highest inspiration. Men of
his type are none too common, and there are few
Americans living who could not have been better spared.
The descendant of pioneer stock, Mr. Smith was born in
Pennsylvania in 1854, spent his early years on an Illi-
nois farm, became successively a school-teacher and a
law-student, and finally settled in Chicago for the prac-
tice of his profession, in which he rose to merited dis-
tinction. He was a ready and forceful speaker and
writer, and was an occasional but always welcome con-
tributor to THE DIAL. Until a year or so ago Mr.
Smith was the embodiment of physical and intellectual
vigor; then he became the victim of the insidious disease
to which, after a wearying struggle, he at last suc-
cumbed. Those of us who loved him know well how
poorer the world is for his loss and how richer for the
example of his life.
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
Elizabeth Montagu, the Queen of the Blue-Stockings: Her
Correspondence from 1720-1761. By Emily J. Climenson. In
2 vols., illus. in photogravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt tops. E. P.
Dutton & Co. $8. net.
Charles Lover: His Life in his Letters. By Edmund Downey.
In 2 vols., with portraits, large 8vo, gilt tops, uncut. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $5. net.
The Victorian Chancellors. By J. B. Atlay. Vol. I., with
portraits, 8vo, gilt top, pp. 466. Little, Brown, & Co. $4. net.
Edouard Remenyi, Musician, Litterateur, and Man: An
Appreciation. By Gwendolyn Dunlevy Kelley and George P.
Upton. With portraits, 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 255. A. C.
McClurg & Co. $1.75 net.
Later Queens of the French Stage. By H. Noel Williams.
Illus. in photogravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 360.
Charles Scribner's Sons. $2.50 net.
Robert Browning and Alfred Domett. Edited by Frederic
G. Kenyon, With photogravure portraits, 12mo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 161. E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.50 net.
The Life of Saint Mary Magdelen. Trans. from the Italian
of an unknown Fourteenth Century writer by Valentina
Hawtrey; with Introduction by Vernon Lee. New edition;
illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 286. “Crown Library."
John Lane Co. $1.50 net.
HISTORY
The Cambridge Modern History. Planned by the late
Lord Acton, LL.D.; edited by A. Ward, Litt.D., G. W.
Prothero, Litt.D., and Stanley Leathes, M.A. Vol. IX.,
Napoleon. Large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 946. Macmillan
Co. $4. net.
War Government, Federal and State, 1861-1865. By William
B. Weeden. 8vo, gilt top, pp. 389. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
$2.50 net.
Rise of the New West, 1819-1829. By Frederick Jackson
Turner, Ph.D. With frontispiece and maps, 8vo, gilt top.
The American Nation." Harper & Brothers. $2. net.
Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789. Edited
from the original Records in the Library of Congress by
Worthington Chauncey Ford. Vol. V., 1776, large 8vo, uncut,
pp. 856. Washington: Government Printing Office.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
The Acorn: A Quarterly Magazine of Literature and Art.
Numbers I. and II. Illus. in photogravure, etc., large 8vo,
uncut. J. B. Lippincot Co.
The Reading of Shakespeare. By James Mason Hoppin.
12mo, gilt top, pp. 210. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.20 net.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
Paul et Virginie. Par Bernardin de Saint-Pierre. Avec fig-
ures. 4to, uncut, pp. 155. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $15, net.
Poetical Works of Lord Byron. In 3 vols., with photogravure
frontispieces, 18mo, gilt tops. Caxton Thin Paper Classics.”
Charles Scribner's Sons. Leather, $3.75 net.
The Essays of Addison. Edited by Russell Davis Gillman.
With photogravure frontispiece, 18mo, gilt_top, pp. 682.
Caxton Thin Paper Classics." Charles Scribner's Sons.
Leather, $1.25 net.
Complete Works of Abraham Lincoln. Edited by John G.
Nicolay and John Hay. New and enlarged edition. Vols. III.
and IV., illus. in photogravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt tops, uncut.
New York: Francis D. Tandy Co.
Matthew Arnold's Merope. To which is appended The
Electra of Sophocles translated by Robert Whitelaw. Edited
by J. Churton Collins. 12mo, pp. 169. Oxford University
Press. 90 cts, net.
FICTION
The Mayor of Warwick. By Herbert M. Hopkins. With
frontispiecel in color, 12mo, pp. 436. Houghton, Mifflin &
Co. $1.50.
For the Soul of Rafael: A Romance of Old California. By
Marah Ellis Ryan. Illus., 8vo, pp. 378. A. C. McClurg &
Co. $1.50.
Lucy of the Stars. By Frederick Palmer. Illus., 12mo, pp. 344.
Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
Where Speech Ends. By Robert Haven Schauffler; with
Prelude by Henry Van Dyke. Illus., 12mo, pp. 291. Moffat,
Yard & Co. $1.50.


336
[May 16,
THE DIAL
DIAL
The Private War. By Louis Joseph Vance. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 315. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
The Invisible Bond. By Eleanor Talbot Kinkead. Illus. in
color, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 513. Moffat, Yard & Co. $1.50.
Sandpeep. By Sara A. Boggs. Illus., 12mo, pp. 421, Little,
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[May 16, 1906.
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[June 1,
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1906.]
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THE SPHINX'S
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ALTON of SOMASCO
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Publishers New York
D
Frederick A. Stokes Company, 339 4th Ave., N. Y.
Please send me, free of charge, your handsome
illustrated 32 page pamphlet of Fiction suit-
able for Summer Reading.
Name
Address


344
[June 1,
THE DIAL
BOOKS FOR THE LIBRARY TABLE
Guarding a Great City
By
WILLIAM MCADOO
Formerly Commissioner of Police, New York City
The author describes in detail the inner workings of the New York police system and discusses the
problems that grow out of the supervision of vice and crime in a great city, suggesting various reforms.
The chapters devoted to the East Side, the Pool-Room Evil, and Chinatown are particularly interesting
and portray picturesque phases of city life entirely unknown to the average citizen. The book is a
valuable contribution to sociology and is certain to attract the attention of all interested in the vital
problem of good government. Price .
net $2.00
A Modern Slavery
Ву
HENRY W. NEVINSON
Mr. Nevinson travelled incognito into Africa to discover the true and startling facts of the tyrannical
slave-trade secretly carried on by the Portuguese in spite of the Berlin Treaty of 1895. He has revealed
to the world a valuable and appalling chapter in current history which cries to the whole world for
redress. The volume is profusely illustrated from photographs. Illustrated. Price.
net $2.00
Evolution the Master-Key
Ву
C. W. SALEEBY, M.D., F.R.S.E.
“ It is a mine of popular information. There are few who will not gain from it information which opens
their minds and adds to their understanding of the world on which they live and it is as entertaining as
a novel.” — Hartford Times. “Easily the most important book of the year. Philadelphia Inquirer.
Price.
net $2.00
Ву
London Films
W. D. HOWELLS
This charming volume of "snap-shots in prose" by America's foremost man of letters is the best
guide to London the traveller can carry. It is a masterpiece of prose writing, and deals particularly
with those historic London spots which are intimately connected with the history of our own country.
Illustrated. Price.
net $2.25
Special Tourist Edition. Bound in Full Limp Leather. Price.
net $2.25
HEROES OF AMERICAN HISTORY
By FREDERICK A. OBER
Columbus
The career of the great explorer is followed in detail, and his personality set forth with striking clearness.
Mr. Ober, under a commission from the United States Government, has sought out what vestiges of the
early settlements remain in the West Indies. These researches, together with his visits to Spain, have
thrown much new and valuable light on Columbus's career, which is herewith presented. Illustrated.
Price.
net $1.00
Cortés
The exploits of Cortés, the conqueror of Mexico, read like romance. How this adventurer, #bankrupt
Cuban planter, with a band of five hundred untrained soldiers, fought and intrigued his way to absolute
power is the story told in this volume. Mr. Ober is a well-known authority on Spanish and Mexican
history and an author of distinction in his chosen field. Illustrated. Price
net $1.00
Pizarro
Mr. Ober has given a full narrative of the remarkable man who, with only a handful of soldiers,
subdued the vast empire of the Incas of Peru. The story of his adventures is full of fascination, and
Mr. Ober has succeeded admirably in keeping the personality of Pizarro vividly before the reader, and
in bringing the times in which he fought near to our own. The volume presents in condensed form a
great deal that has hitherto been accessible only in bulky and inconvenient form. Illustrated. Price . net $1.00
HARPER & BROTHERS
PUBLISHERS
NEW YORK CITY


1906.]
345
THE DIAL
THE HEROINES
Of Three Delightful Novels for Summer Reading


FROM
FROM
FROM
Barbara
Winslow,
Rebel
Cowardice
Court
Pam
Decides
BY
BY
BETTINA
VON HUTTEN
GEORGE BARR
McCUTCHEON
BY
Author of
ELIZABETH ELLIS
Author of
“NEDRA”
“PAM”
“ The best thing that Mc-
Cutcheon has done."
“A very delectable bit of
reading.”— Baltimore Sun.
“A frankly romantic story,
buoyant, eventful, and in
matters of love exactly what
the heart could desire."
- New York Sun.
« The book is not only an
exceptionally good sequel
but also a good story in
itself.” — Chicago Record-
Herald.
$1.50
$1.25
$1.50
DODD, MEAD & COMPANY
NEW YORK


346
[June 1,
THE DIAL
IMPERIAL PURPLE SIROCCO


By EDGAR SALTUS
Purple cloth gilt, gilt top. $1.00 net.
"Brilliant, amazing to read, hard of belief, and disconcerting,
for every line in it is truth.” – Pall Mall Gazette, London.
"A vivid picture of the corruption which ruined Rome.”
- London Academy.
“The glamour of the decay of Rome is depicted in striking,
vivid colours." — Onlooker, London.
A
novel
by
Kenneth
Brown
SIROCCO
Has
humor
novelty
excitement
MODERN LOVE

AN ANTHOLOGY
A
delightful
denouement
One thousand copies printed on Van Gelder handmade paper,
half cloth, gilt top, $1.00 net.
POEMS BY LIVING ENGLISH AUTHORS, including
Stephen Phillips, W. B. Yeats, A. E. Housman, Robert Bridges,
W. S. Blunt, and 29 others.
A fascinating volume of poems that will appeal to the heart
and intellect of every man and woman. In no other volume are
there so many haunting lyrics.
Ask
your
bookseller
MITCHELL KENNERLEY,
116 East 28th St., New York
OɔɔOUIS

SUMMER BOOKS
VACATION BOOKS
Lady Betty Across the Water C.N. & A: M. WILLIAMSON
Red Saunders' Pets and Other Critters
92
.
Authors of "My Friend the Chaffeur."
A delightful transcontinental love-comedy which treats of a pretty titled English girl's discovery of America - and the
American gentleman. A true romance of modern life ranging from West Point to the prairies.
One of the most thoroughly refreshing stories in contrast with the arid waste of things published.” — Boston Globe.
Six pictures in color, by Orson Lowell. $1.50.J
HENRY WALLACE
PHILLIPS
Author of "Red Saunders."
Red Saunders, who is so well-known to thousands of readers, here appears in the novel role of an animal tamer. An
eagle, a bob-cat, a snake and several other "animiles" afford an endless amount of fun and amusement both for himself and
for the reader.
It is the wonderful realism of these sketches, their faithfulness to actual life, the mirror which they hold up to nature,
that makes them especially valuable." - Brooklyn Eagle.
Thirty illustrations by A. B. Frost. $1.25.
WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE
Author of "The Court of Boyville."
The author of this book wrote the immortal editorial "What's the Matter with Kansas." That justifies an expectation
of something out of the ordinary. "The Court of Boyville" established his reputation for a wonderful insight and sympathy
with the life and heart of boys. In Our Town" evidences his sharp and accurate knowledge of human nature and displays
to excellent advantage his ability to delineate it.
Cloth. Sixteen illustrations. $1.50.
ELLIS PARKER BUTLER
In Our Town
“Pigs is Pigs”
From Alaska to Cuba, from New Hampshire to California, letters have been pouring in asking for “the funniest story
ever written.” The Pittsburg Gazette says: Whoever cannot laugh heartily over Mr. Butler's delightful extravaganza must
be afflicted with incurable melancholia. It is calculated to exhilarate the most saturnine dyspeptic."
If you have not read Butler's amusing short story, Pigs is Pigs,' you have a good laugh coming."- Chicago Record-
Herald.
Cloth. Five illustrations. 50 cents.
Published by MCCLURE, PHILLIPS & CO., 44 East 23d St., New York


1906.]
347
THE DIAL
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
CHICAGO PRESS
NEW BOOKS
The Silver Age of the Greek World
By JOHN PENTLAND MAHAFFY
“This book is intended to replace my .Greek World under Roman Sway,' now out of print,
in a maturer and better form, and with much new material superadded. There has grown up,
since its appearance, a wider and more intelligent view of Greek life, and people are not satis-
fied with knowing the Golden Age only, without caring for what came before and followed
after. In this Silver Age of Hellenism many splendid things were produced, and the world
was moulded by the teaching that went forth from Greek lands.' (Extract from the preface.)
490 pages; small 8vo, cloth, $3.00. Carriage 17 cts.
Hebrew Life and Thought
By LOUISE SEYMOUR HOUGHTON
The reader of the Bible who wishes to be well informed, and who yet finds little to attract him
in accounts of scientific investigations, will do well to read this book. Enriched with the fruits
of a life-time of study and versed in the intricacies of modern criticism, the author approaches
her subject with a depth of feeling that reminds one of the best religious writers of the past.
390 pages; 12mo, cloth; $1.50. Carriage 15 cts.
The Social Ideals of Alfred Tennyson as Related
to His Time
By WILLIAM C. GORDON
It is rare that two departments of study are combined as cleverly and as profitably as English
literature and sociology are combined in this work. It is a treatment, on a somewhat novel
plan, of a subject at once literary and scientific. 266 pages; 12mo, cloth; $1.50. Carriage 11c.
The Legislative History of Naturalization in the
United States
By FRANK GEORGE FRANKLIN
The process by which our national laws rose out of chaos is a subject of perennial interest.
Not jurists alone, but all intelligent citizens, will be attracted by this summary of the intricate
debates that fixed our national procedure regarding naturalization. 330 pages; 12mo, cloth;
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The Finality of the Christian Religion By GEORGE BURMAN FOSTER
A long-looked-for work of profound interest to students of religion is now appearing in “The
Finality of the Christian Religion,” by George Burman Foster. Certainly no reader will
escape a sense of sincere admiration at the power with which the problem is handled — the
grasp, the fearlessness, the insight. 530 pages; 8vo, cloth; $4.00. Carriage 22 cts.
Ancient Records of Egypt
By JAMES HENRY BREASTED
Notwithstanding the rapid progress made during the last quarter-century in the reproduction
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scribe before July 1 á special price of $12.00 per set is offered ; after July 1, $15.00 per set.
Carriage 20 cents additional for each volume.
Russian Reader
By SAMUEL NORTHRUP HARPER
After extensive studies in Moscow, Berlin, and Paris, Mr. Harper is bringing out a “ Russian
Reader," an adaptation of a French book compiled by Paul Boyer and N. Speranski.
400 pages; 8vo, cloth; $3.00. Carriage 20 cts.
ADDRESS, DEPT. 20
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS
CHICAGO AND NEW YORK


348
[June 1,
THE DIAL
JUST READY
What Would One Have?
On Common Ground
By Sydney H. Preston. Just published. Already
reprinting. $1.50.
A gentle bachelor retires to a small farm and raises chickens with
unexpected results. The humorous incidents of amateur farming, the
simple amusements of country life, and the love affairs of man and
master, maids and mistresses, are delightfully blended.
"Seems to have in it something of Stockton and something of
Donald G. Mitchell, On Common Ground' is altogether charming.
Full of quiet humor."-N. Y. Evening Sun.
The Misses Make-Believe
By Mary Stuart Boyd. $1.50.
Two Devonshire gentlewomen attempt the conquest of London on
slim means. Their story has the humor and the pathos of being
“hard up," a good love interest, telling hits at social foibles, and
effective bits of garden talk.
The Sea Maid
By Ronald MacDonald, $1.50.
“For sheer entertainment this story is one of the best of the year,
and is by no means devoid of the qualities that appeal to the literary
sense."-The Dial.
A Woman's Confessions.
Cloth, gilt top, 260 pages, $1.00 net.
evincing that it is by no means an ordinary but rather an unusual
and remarkable work. Men and women in all classes of society bave
been profoundly moved by it, and are eager to meet the author.
From Editors and Literary People :
“Something out of the ordinary.” “The author possesses rare
talent." “More interesting than any novel. The scenes and in-
cidents, we are assured, are all taken from actual experiences of the
author. The early environments on the western New York farm, the
school-teaching at the age of thirteen, the building of the railroad,
Colonel Fuller with the heaps of gold on the table guarded by two
revolvers, Jason Bumpus and his mule, Aunt Sarah Silvering, and all
the others mentioned in the book, actually existed."
A woman writer of travel says: “The book is full of beautiful
pathos and touches of humor. I think I like best the expresions of
absolute Americanism that evinces itself without the aid of a fire-
cracker. Father says: 'If you value an Englishman's verdict, I reckon
this woman knew a thing or two before she began to write.'
One of the most prominent of Massachusetts librarians -- himself
an author and popular poet - writes: “I am greatly pleased with the
book. It is evidently an honest expression of real feelings and ex-
periences, and these are all that make a book worth writing or worth
reading."
Beside the New-Made Grave
A Correspondence. By F. H. TURNER.
Cloth, gilt top, 170 pages, $1.00 net.
T#18 volume is an extremely suggestive contribution to the litera.
ture of Immortality. It deals in a large way with two propositions :
1. Thought is a function of the brain.
2. The soul of man is immortal.
Its aim is to show that these propositions are not mutually destruc-
tive, as many have supposed them, but mutually corroborative; that
the thoroughly established truth of the former carries in itself assur-
ance of the latter. Incidentally to its purpose, the correspondence is an
admirable review in general of the attitude of modern science in its
endeavor to interpret the universe, and particularly in its outlook upon
the immortality theory.
JAMES H. WEST COMPANY, Boston.
The Professor's Legacy
By Mrs. Alfred Sidgwick. $1.50.
A love story of Gorman university and English country life, notable
for humor and fine character drawing.
"Strongly reminds one of Miss Fothergill's First Violin'
much humor and much excellent character study . . . very readable."
-N. Y. Times Review.
The Nonchalante
By Stanley Olmsted. $1.25.
Casual data in the career of Dixie Bilton, who became an oporetta
singer in a small German city (said to be Leipsic).
“It contrives to get the reader 80 strangely obsessed by the person-
ality of a young woman that the sensation is measurably like that
enjoyed by a man in love."-N. Y. Times Review.
The Photo-Secession
Its aims and work, with a dozen reproductions of
the best American Pictorial Photographs.
Racial Descent in Animals
By Thomas H. Montgomery, Jr., Professor of
Zoology, University of Texas. $2.50 net; by mail,
$2.70.
"A critical examination of the methods of determining racial descent
and an estimation of the comparative values of the phenomena to be
interpreted."-From the Preface.
Philadelphia Water Color
Exhibition. By Leila MECHLIN.
Minnesota State Art
Society exhibition. By EMMA E. Beard.
The Election of Senators
American Public Problems Series.
By George H. Haynes, author of "Representation
in State Legislatures." Just published. $1.50 net;
by mail, $1.05.
Explains the steps leading to the present method of election and
the reasons therefor. It shows the results of this method on the
Senate as an institution, on the personnel of its members, and on State
and local governments. It traces the movements for, and exhaust-
ively presents the arguments for and against, direct election.
In this series and uniform with the above Hall's IMMIGRA-
TION. $1.50 net; by mail, $1.65.
Color Inserts
Reproductions of two water colors by ARTHUR
Melville, two colored drawings by PASTERNAK,
two etchings by BRANGWYN and Zoir, photograph
by STEICHEN, and painting by Parker Mann.
INTERNATIONAL
STUDIO
Nature and Health
By Dr. Edward Curtis. $1.25 net; by mail, $1.37.
Sensible advice on the care of the person and the home.
“May be heartily commended to lay readers desirous of living a
sane, clean, wholesome life."-Literary Digest.
JUNE
SOLD EVERYWHERE
HENRY HOLT & CO
29 WEST 23RD ST. NEW YORK


1906.]
349
THE DIAL
THE BEST SUMMER-TIME FICTION

Published June 1.
BREAKERS
AHEAD
The NEW AMERICAN Novel by the author of
That Mainwaring Affair (12 Editions)
At the Time Appointed (10 Editions)
MAHEAD
BREAKERS
AHEAD
MRS. A. MAYNARD BARBOUR
A strong American love-story,
full of excitement and incident.
BY
A.MAYNARD BARBOUR
IT WILL BE ANOTHER RECORD BREAKER.
Frontispiece in colors by JAMES L. WOOD.
12mo, cloth, $1.50.

Aure
WOLONBI
y
URED
1800
The BEST ROMANCE
of the year.
THE
COLONEL
OF THE
RED HUZZARS
The
Dashing
Novel
THE COLONEL
OF THE
RED HUZZARS
JOHN REED SCOTT
By JOHN REED SCOTT
A rattling good love-story, with a secret at its root,
and danger, adventure, and intrigue in every chapter.
Illustrated in colors by
CLARENCE F. UNDERWOOD.
Published
June 15.
12mo, cloth, $1.50.
J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY, PHILADELPHIA


350
[June 1, 1906.
THE DIAL
NEW MACMILLAN
PUBLICATIONS
NEW NOVELS
Dr. Andrew Macphail's
The Vine of Sibmah Cloth, $1.50.
A romance of the days of the Restoration period.
turning on the adventures of a valiant soldier in
search of a winsome woman whom the fortunes of
war had thrown in his way and withdrawn again.
Mr. John Luther Long's
The Way of the Gods Cloth, $1.50.
“There can be no doubt as to the artistic quality
of his story. It rings true with the golden ring of
chivalry and of woman's love, it rings true for all
lovers of romance, wherever they be ... and is
told with an art worthy of the idea." -N. Y. Mail.
Agnes and Egerton Castle's
If Youth But knew Cloth, $1.50.
"They should be the most delightful of comrades,
for their writing is so apt, so responsive, so joyous,
so saturated with the promptings and the glamour
of spring. It is because If Youth But Knew' has
all these adorable qualities that it is so fasci-
nating." - Cleveland Leader.
Mr. Owen Wister's
Lady Baltimore
Cloth, $1.50.
"A triumph of art ... the best interpretation of
the spirit of the Old South that has been made
... a true American novel in subject, spirit, and
atmosphere."
- Editorial by Hamilton Mabie in The Outlook.
MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS
Just Ready.
The Writings of
Benjamin Franklin, Vol. VII.
Collected and edited, with a Life and Introduction,
by ALBERT H. SMYTH. Special Limited Edition in
ten volumes. Sold by sets only. Price, $3.00 net
per volume, as issued.
Mr. W. S. Harwood's
The New Earth Cloth, $1.75 net.
Aims to describe interestingly the wonderful pro-
gress of recent years in all industries having their
focal point in the earth. With many illustrations.
Mr. Ernest Ingersoll's
The Life of Animals - Mammals
Illustrated with colored plates, unpublished pho-
tographs from life, and many original drawings.
Cloth, $2.00 net; postage 23 cents.
Professor Simon Newcomb's
A Compendium of
Spherical Astronomy
With its Applications to the Determination and
Reduction of Positions of the Fixed Stars.
444 8vo pp. Cloth, $3.00 net.
A new volume in the Series, English Men of Letters.
Mr. Arthur C. Benson's
Walter Pater
Cloth, 75 cents net.
Biographer more comprehending and sympathetic
Mr. Pater could not have wished.
Cambridge Modern History
Planned by the late LORD ACTON. Edited by A. W.
WARD, Litt.D., G. W. PROTHERO, Litt.D., and
STANLEY LEATHES, M.A. To be complete in twelve
imperial svo volumes. Each, cloth, $4.00 net.
Vol. IX., NAPOLEON. Just Ready.
Dr. Kaempfer's
A History of Japan (1692)
As translated by J. G. SCHEUCHZER.
The First Complete Reprint of this famous work
since its publication in 1727. Three volumes with
facsimiles of the original plates. Uniform with the
Reprint of Coryat's Crudities, in the general style
of Hakluyt's Voyages and Purchas His Pilgrimes.
Three volumes, cloth, 8vo, $9.00 for the set.
John A. Ryan's A Living Wage
A discussion of both its ethical and economic
aspects, and of the basis of industrial, religious,
and moral fact upon which its principle reste.
Cloth, 12mo, $1.00 net.
Dr. Forest Ray Moulton's
An Introduction to Astronomy
By the author of "An Introduction to Celestial
Mechanics." With tables and over 200 figures.
Cloth, 8vo, $1.60 net.
A book from which one may obtain not only some
knowledge of scientific achievements.but also some
thing of the spirit which inspires scientific work.
To be Ready in June.
Miss Marie Van Vorst's new novel
The Sin of George Warrener
A study of life and manners among people of a
suburban town, by the author of " Amanda of the
Mill." The story is realistic and human, and its
interesting theme is handled fearlessly. Cloth, $1.50.
Ready on June 6.
Mrs. Mabel Osgood Wright's
The Garden, You and I cloth, $150.
The new book by the author of "The Garden of a
Commuter's Wife" and "People of the Whirlpool,"
describes "& garden vacation," a novel idea, yet
practical and pictured with delicious humor.
Illustrated from photographs.
Ready on June 20.
Mr. Winston Churchill's new novel
Coniston
Illustrated. Cloth, $1.50.
By the author of "Richard Carvel," "The Crisis,"
etc. Freely illustrated from drawings by Florence
Scovel Shinn.
PUBLISHED
BY
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
64-66 Fifth Ave.,
NEW YORK


THE DIAL
A Semisfonthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th
of each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $4. a year in advance,
postage prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico;
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DIAL COMPANY. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions
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ADVERTISING RATES furnished on application. All communi-
cations should be addressed to
THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago.
BNTERED AT THE CHICAGO POSTOPFICE AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER
BY THE DIAL COMPANY, PUBLISHERS.
No. 479.
JUNE 1, 1906.
Vol. XL.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
HENRIK IBSEN.
. 351
THOREAU AND HIS CRITICS. Gilbert P. Coleman 352
TALES OF A SPORTSMAN
Charles Atwood Kofoid
NATURALIST.
356
THE AMERICAN TREE BOOK. Bohnmil Shimek 358
GARDEN BLOOMS AND WAYS. Sara Andrew
Shafer
359
Vaughn's The Wild Flowers of Selborne.-Sewell's
Common Sense Gardens. — Shelton's The Seasons
in a Flower-Garden.
HENRIK IBSEN.
Full of years and honors, Henrik Ibsen died
on the twenty-third of May, ending a career of
impressive example and memorable achievement.
Born in poverty, struggling until long past his
prime for the bare means of decent livelihood,
and writing in an obscure tongue of which cul-
ture takes small account, he so united native
genius with single-souled intensity of purpose
that his message reached the farthest corners of
the civilized earth, and all mankind is made
grave by the news of his death. Yet "nothing
is here for tears,” even in this hour of bereave-
ment, for we feel that his task was rounded out
to completeness, and that he has not been called
upon before his time to pay the debt that nature
inevitably demands of each and every one of us.
He had, moreover, the satisfaction that comes
from the consciousness of world-wide influence,
and the assurance that ere his own torch was
extinguished many others had been kindled
from its flame.
6 As he willed, he worked,
And, as he worked, he wanted not, be sure,
Triumph his whole life through, submitting work
To work's right judges, never to the wrong,
To competency, not ineptitude.”
The dying nineteenth century bequeathed to
its successor a scant half dozen writers of the
first rank, and to this small company
Ibsen
unquestionably belonged. But the fact of his
greatness, although now generally recognized
by those whose verdict is decisive in such mat-
ters, has only recently emerged from the welter
of a controversy as fierce and as protracted as
that which, during substantially the same period,
obscured the epoch-making achievements of
Darwin and of Wagner. It was in the sixties
that Ibsen created "Brand" and "Peer Gynt,
the masterpieces upon which his literary fame
must chiefly rest, but it was not until the eighties
that his work came to be generally known, and
his name widely familiar, outside of the Scan-
dinavian countries. And when the name found
its way into the larger world, it brought with it
not peace but a sword, for it belonged to a man
whose convictions were not shaped by conven-
TRAVELS BY SEA AND LAND. H. E. Coblentz 360
Mill's The Siege of the South Pole. - Arthur's
Ten Thousand Miles in a Yacht.-Havell's Benares,
the Holy City. — Abbott's Through India with the
Prince. -Scarritt's Three Men in a Motor Car. -
Fowles's Down in Porto Rico. — Harvie-Brown's
Travels of a Naturalist in Northern Europe.
RECENT FICTION. William Morton Payne . . . 364
Phillpotts's The Portreeve.- Castle's If Youth But
Knew.-Beach's The Spoilers. — Bindloss's Alton
of Somasco.— Naylor's The Kentuckian.—Wister's
Lady Baltimore. - Vance's The Private War. -
Hopkin's The Mayor of Warwick.–Palmer's Lucy
of the Stars. — Wardman's The Princess Olga.
Potter's The Genius. — Liljencrantz's Randvar
the Songsmith. -- Hale's A Motor Car Divorce.
Runkle's The Truth about Tolna.
NOTES
367
ONE HUNDRED NOVELS FOR SUMMER READ-
ING
. 368
A descriptive guide to the season's best fiction.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
371


352
(June 1,
THE DIAL
tion, who made no concessions to sentiment, “ It is not for a care-free existence I am fighting,
whose analysis of ideas was radical, and whose but for the possibility of devoting myself to the
diagnosis of the conditions of modern life was task which I believe and know has been laid
far from flattering to complacency and self-
upon me by God
the work which seems to me
esteem. So the ideas of this man, and the dra more important and needful in Norway than
matic pieces which embodied them, had to fight any other, that of arousing the nation and lead-
their way by slow degrees, for they found arrayed ing it to think great thoughts."
against them all the forces of philistinism, and had completed “ Brand
had completed “ Brand” only a few months
all the prejudices of a society given over to before might well express himself in these proudly
materialism, and self-satisfaction, and comfort- self-confident terms. Yet with all his conscious-
able compromise.
ness of power, he could hardly have imagined
To such a society the message of this un the extent of the influence that would be his in
compromising idealist came like a cold blast the coming years — that it would lead, not
from the north ; it was too bracing for weak- Norway alone, but the wide world on both sides
ened natures, too tonic for enervated consti of the Atlantic, to “ think great thoughts,” and
tutions. Its fundamental note was that of to hold his name in grateful memory forever.
passionate indignation, and most of those who
heard it could not see in modern society any
particular cause for indignation. It had for its
THOREAU AND HIS CRITICS.
overtones spiritual rapture and a sublime faith
in human regeneration, but the hearing of its Probably no writer in America can lay claim to
auditors was deaf to these harmonic elements.
a sounder foundation for fame than Thoreau. He
has earned every inch of the way he has gained.
“Soon the jeers grew: Cold hater of his kind,
There has been no boom for him. He has had few
A sea-cave suits him, not the vulgar hearth!'"
helping hands, and has had to contend against a
Thus there came into existence what we have singular combination of misunderstanding, lack of
called "the Ibsen legend," a congeries of fanciful appreciation, ignorance, and, in one case at least, of
notions as far as possible removed from the misrepresentation that is said to have been inspired
truth, but a convenient defence against this by personal prejudice.
persistent unveiler of hypocrisies, this doughty
It is amusing, and occasionally startling, to observe
knight-errant of absolute truth and absolute
the infinite variety of criticism that has been stirred
righteousness.
up by Thoreau's life and works. Many writers, for
According to the legend, Ibsen is an ugly example, are agreed in describing his temperament
as ascetic. Robert Louis Stevenson, however, is not
realist in his artistic method, a cold analyst de-
alone in holding the opposite view. “He was not
void of human sympathies, a cynical contemner ascetic,” says Stevenson (“Familiar Studies "),
of mankind, and a pessimist of the deepest dye. “rather an Epicurean of the nobler sort.” Professor
This arraignment, grotesque as it is to the care Nichols, in his little work on American Literature,
ful reader of what Ibsen has written, has been apparently is satisfied with middle ground, when he
most effectively brought against him, has proved applies to Thoreau the classification, “ lethargic, self-
convincing to the generality of careless ob- complacently defiant, too nearly a stoico-epicurean
servers, and, although it has now lost much of adiaphorist to discompose himself in party or even
its force, still needs to be met by the emphatic that Thoreau was a humorist, though they are by no
in national strifes." Nearly all the critics are agreed
denial of those who have seen beneath the sur-
means agreed as to the quality of his humor. Another
face of the great dramatist's teaching, and are
school, headed by Lowell, is quite certain that he
grateful for its ethical uplift. Those who have possessed no humor whatever. One writer speaks
taken Ibsen to their hearts know him to be of him as “repellent, cold, and unamiable," while
keenly sensitive to the beauty of artistic ex another declares that “in all social relations he was
pression, know him to be quivering with tender guided by a fine instinct of courtesy," and Emerson,
sympathies, know him to have an abiding faith
who knew him nearly as well as anybody ever did,
in humanity and in the essential worth of life. says
that“ he was really fond of sympathy ”; a highly
He has, it is true, laid bare many plague-spots appreciative essayist speaks of the fine resonant
of our civilization, but merely as a disagreeable quality of his emotional side,” and finds that he was
"always thoroughly kindly and sympathetic."
necessity, and solely for the purpose of hasten-
“ Thoreau is dry, priggish, and selfish,” again
ing that fairer future day in which his faith has
announces Stevenson, in one of his most oracular
remained invincible.
moods; and a writer in the “Church Quarterly Re-
Just forty years ago, Ibsen wrote these words:
says that he was “thoroughly selfish, quite
view"


1906.]
353
THE DIAL
an
he says,
out of sympathy with men and their sufferings, bar The same delightful variety of criticism extends,
baric if not animal in his tastes, and needlessly more impersonally, to Thoreau's books. “Cape
profane.” On the other hand, Mr. John Weiss, who Cod,” for example, is “dry reading,” according to
was a fellow-collegian with Thoreau and has written Mr. Sloane. A reviewer in “Frazer's Magazine,'
an essay dealing almost entirely with his personality, however, finds it “a curious and valuable work.”
takes a somewhat different view when he says that “The volume on Cape Cod is deliberately formless
no writer to-day is more religious ”; and according in style,” is the judgment of Thoreau's sympathetic
to Mr. William Kennedy Sloane, “the influence of biographer, Mr. H. S. Salt. “Of all his books, Cape
his rugged energy, his fine idealism, the purity and Cod' has the most finished and sustained style,” is
honesty and manliness of his life, shall for genera the somewhat contrary view of Mr. Weiss. “ He
tions breathe through the literature and the life of inflicts his full quantity of dulness) in such books
America like a strengthening breeze." Emerson, in as ·Cape Cod,' or “The Yankee in Canada,'” sol-
the familiar biographical sketch prefaced to the emnly declares Stevenson; whereas Mr. Weiss
“Excursions," after paying a loving tribute to his observes that “the pages of 'Cape Cod' bear the
departed friend, sums up his life as a practical reader along without conscious effort,” and others
failure: “Instead of engineering for all America, he are equally certain that it is the most human, con-
was the captain of a huckleberry-party. Pounding nected, and interesting of all of Thoreau's writings.
beans is good to the end of pounding empires one of One writer, however, insists that the book is “juice-
these days; but if, at the end of years, it is still less, uninspired, perishable, a third-rate work,”-
beans !” Mr. Sloane, however, at once applies the opinion that is not corroborated by a reviewer in the
antidote : “He excites envy by his success.
His life contemporaneous “Dial," who prescribes the volume
is a rebuke which is felt and resented”; and Mr. as a cure for the blues. In speaking of “Walden,”
Higginson backs this up in his “Short Studies," when one critic observes that very few will be able to read
“It is common to speak of his life as a the book a second time. Mr. Higginson thinks it
failure, but to me it seems, with all its drawbacks, to is “one of the few books in all literature that may
have been a great and eminent success.”
be read with pleasure once a year.”
A writer in the “Knickerbocker Magazine” re-
garded Thoreau as a “rural humbug"; whereas Of those opinions of Thoreau which have evidently
Emerson has conferred upon him the degree of been based on insufficient information, the most in-
Bachelor of Nature, and Mr. Torrey has elevated him complete, unsatisfactory, inadequate, though possibly
to that of Master of the Art of Living. One school the cleverest and most brilliant, is that of Robert
would have him a "skulker," "imperfect, unfinished, Louis Stevenson. He has presumed to reveal Tho-
inartistic, parochial," "a mixture of misanthropy and reau's character and opinions fortified only by a
self-conceit”; while others have said that he was perusal of the published letters, of “ Walden," of
“sincerity itself, and might fortify the convictions of Emerson's biographical sketch, and by a scrutiny of
prophets in the ethical laws by his holy living." He a badly executed wood-cut. He thinks he sees a rude
is often called a “thrifty Yankee,” yet the same nobility, like that of a barbarian king, in the unshaken
“Knickerbocker” reviewer is of the opinion that confidence which Thoreau has in himself, and in his
“Walden” is “a book needed where the philosophy indifference to the wants, thoughts, or sufferings of
of thrift is too prevalent." "He attempts no flights, others; and he quotes, as illustrating this point, “ If
says one.
" For the moment Thoreau soars the em ever I did any good in their (men's] sense, of
pyrean with eagle sweep,” says another. Again, it it was something exceptional and insignificant com-
was said by a reviewer writing in 1891, that “ upon pared with the good or evil I am constantly doing
the whole, there seems to be no reason for concluding by being what I am.” But in what respect does
that Thoreau can maintain his present prominence this show indifference to the wants, thoughts, or suf-
among American writers, or that his place in litera- ferings of others? To indulge in a little paradox
ture, if permanent, will be a high one.” In opposi on our own account, right here lies the
very
unsel-
tion to this, we have the prophecy of many, as fishness of Thoreau's selfishness. The poet-naturalist,
indicated by Mr. Sanborn, that Thoreau is likely to as he was constituted, was better able to help his
occupy a higher place in American literature than fellow-man by living his own life as perfectly as pos-
Emerson himself. “He lived some time by the sea,” sible than by mere commonplace acts of charity.
writes another, “and often visited its shore; yet, so “ Walden” was the foundation for Stevenson's
far as we may judge from his writings, he was not screed; yet it is plain that the pages on “Philan-
much affected by the wondrous beauty and majesty thropy” must have been skipped, for there Thoreau
of old ocean.” To offset this is 66 Cape Cod” with says, “I would not subtract anything from the praise
its now famous descriptions of old ocean, quoted that is due to philanthropy, but merely demand jus-
by such a discriminating artist as Thomas Bailey tice for all who by their lives and works are a
Aldrich; and also the confession of Thoreau himself, blessing to mankind.”
who admits that the ocean was, after all, a bigger It appears that after Stevenson had published
and a more inspiring thing than even his beloved his little
essay
in the “Cornhill Magazine,” it
Concord and Lincoln Pond.
met the eye of Thoreau's Scotch disciple, Dr. A. H.
course


354
(June 1,
THE DIAL
Japp; and the latter gentleman immediately took oughly Yankee costume, which some of my
fellow-
the reviewer to task. Therefore, when the essay travellers wore in the cars to save their coats a
was presented in book form in the collection entitled dusting. I wore mine at first because it looked
“Familiar Studies of Men and Books,” Stevenson better than the coat it covered, and last because two
wrote his “preface by way of criticism," in which coats are warmer than one, though one is thin and
he is kind enough to retract a number of the harsh dirty."
things he had said about the poet-naturalist, attri In one of those singularly apt figures for which
buting them to a “too earnest reflection on imper- Lowell is noted, he shows, to the satisfaction of many
fect facts.” The preface is highly entertaining, readers (judging from the approbation which his
and shows with what unerring aim two Scotchmen, essay has received), that Thoreau is an imitator of
shooting at long range, can miss the bull's-eye of Emerson. Thoreau has “picked his strawberries
fact, and the circumadjacent rings of easily de- from Emerson's garden. . . . He is a pistillate plant
duced inference. After this illumination from Dr. kindled to fruitage by the Emersonian pollen. ...
Japp, Stevenson learns that if Thoreau were content He has stolen the windfall apples from Emerson's
to dwell on Walden Pond it was not merely with orchard,” and so on. That there was a certain
designs of self-improvement, but in order to serve resemblance between Thoreau and Emerson, cannot
mankind in the highest sense. “Hither [to Walden] be denied. It appears to be generally agreed by all
came the fleeing slave; thence was he despatched those who were personally acquainted with both that
along the road to freedom. That shanty in the woods the philosopher made his influence felt on the poet-
was a station in the great Underground Railroad.” naturalist. Some writers assert with confidence
Of course we all know how the underground railroad that all of Thoreau's philosophy was inspired by
story originated, — how Thoreau once received a Emerson's lecture on “ Nature," although there are
fleeing slave under his protection, and, at the cost certain awkward objections to this, the principal
of infinite discomfort and considerable risk to him- of which is that Thoreau was not acquainted with
self, had him sent safely to Canada. But that this “Nature” until after he had done considerable phi-
was his practice, and that the retreat to Walden was losophizing independent of a tutor. Others have
undertaken for this purpose, cannot be believed by maintained that Thoreau was not only unconsciously
anyone who has an adequate acquaintance with the affected by the magnetic power of his friend and
facts.
townsman, but that he deliberately set himself to
It is said that Lowell entertained a prejudice work to copy him in manner, in speech, in mode of
against Thoreau, occasioned by a certain matter that walk, in the fashion of wearing his beard, and (but
affected the latter's pride and hurt the former's edi- perhaps this was less deliberate) in the shape of
torial dignity. Even if this prejudice existed, we
do not believe that it inspired the mistaken and un There can, of course, be no doubt that Emerson
just criticism of Thoreau in “My Study Windows." exerted a very subtle and irresistible influence on all
The criticism was the result, we believe, of a lack who came into contact with him. Indeed, many
of sympathy, and of constitutional inability, on pilgrims visited him in order that they might come
Lowell's part, to comprehend the point of view of the within this influence. His was without question the
poet-naturalist. Indeed, never were two men more most powerfully æsthetic, the most originally trans-
widely, more hopelessly apart. On the one hand is cendental mind in America at the time when Thoreau
Lowell, the polished gentleman, the future Minister lived, and this powerful and original mind was united
to the Court of St. James, the genial poet and ac with a personality singularly sweet and engaging.
complished scholar, the college professor of belles- Thoreau, a young man some sixteen years the junior
lettres, the affable companion, full of grace, courtesy, of his patron, was greatly indebted to Emerson,-
sparkling wit and crackling humor, with well more so, probably, than appears in
any
of the bio-
trimmed whiskers and perfectly fitting clothes. On graphical records. No doubt he was in a measure
the other hand we have Thoreau, a man of the influenced by Emerson's thought. In our view,
woods, a rustic, who avoided the society of women whatever there was in Thoreau of professed trans-
because he felt ill at ease, was hardly affable even cendentalism was due largely to the influence of
to his most intimate friends, but was congenial to Emerson. But that he was a mere imitator, - that
woodsmen and woodchucks, jumping fences to make his work, his thoughts, his philosophy, is a mere
a short cut, walking the backbone of Cape Cod with reflection of the great light shed by his brilliant
a brown paper parcel and an umbrella, sitting by contemporary, - it is impossible to believe. Though
the roadside in order to study the configuration of a the two were alike in many superficial aspects, they
skunk, writing of himself (“A Yankee in Canada"), were poles apart in many essentials. Emerson him-
“I had for all head-covering a thin palmleaf hat self has warmly resented the idea that Thoreau was
without lining, that cost twenty-five cents, and over only a disciple, and as stoutly maintained that his
my coat one of those unspeakably cheap, as well as friend was an original genius. And Emerson's son,
thin, brown linen sacks of the Oak Hall pattern, in “ Emerson in Concord,” says: “The charge of
which every summer appear all over New England, imitating Emerson, too often made against Thoreau,
thick as the leaves upon the trees. It was a thor is idle and untenable, though unfortunately it has
his nose.
-


1906.]
355
THE DIAL
received some degree of sanction in high quarters. presupposed all that complicated civilization which
. . Thoreau was incapable of conscious imitation. it practically abjured, and triumphantly points out
His faults, if any, lay in exactly the opposite direc that Thoreau squatted on another man's land, bor
tion." And Dr. Holmes, in his “Life of Emerson rowed still another man's axe, and obtained from
says: “Thoreau lent him [Emerson) a new set of society his boards, his nails, his bricks, his lamp, his
organs of sense of wonderful delicacy. Emerson fishhooks, his plow, his hoe. But would Lowell have
looked at nature as a poet, and his natural history, if Thoreau purchase his land ? That would involve
left to himself, would have been as vague as that of bargain and sale, the transfer of money, the regis-
Polonius. . . . Emerson's long intimacy with him tration of deeds, and other incidentals more nearly
taught him to give an outline to many natural ob “presupposing all that complicated civilization” than
jects which would have been poetic nebulæ to him mere squatting. And would Lowell insist that
but for this companionship."
Thoreau make his own axe, mix his own mortar,
Lowell again says: “He looked with utter con bake his own bricks, forge his own plough, and write
tempt on the august drama of destiny of which his This own library, before he retires to the woods for
country was the scene, and on which the curtain had a little contemplation? It strikes us that the genial
already risen.” It is difficult to understand how Lowell is here a little severe on the adroit and
these lines could have been written by anyone who philosophic solitaire.” It is true that the latter wrote
had the slightest acquaintance with Thoreau's views by far the larger part of his own library, which he
and activity in regard to the great political question playfully says consisted of nearly nine hundred
that agitated the country during his later years. volumes, over seven hundred of which he wrote him-
None of the animadversions on Thoreau has appeared self; but it is manifestly too exacting to demand of
to be more unjust than this. Is it possible that any reasonable anchorite, no matter how profound
Lowell was ignorant of Thoreau's attitude toward his abjuration of society, that he should return to
slavery ? of his incarceration for refusal to pay a the condition of Adam, and construct his shanty
tax, and the reason he gave therefor? of his ad without nails, bricks, axe, or mortar. Possibly
dresses concerning John Brown? It is true that Lowell would insist on the fig-leaf. Other critics,
Thoreau abhorred politics, and, in his exaggerated like him, disturbed by Thoreau's shanty life, insisted
way, never spared an opportunity to give vent to that he should return to a state of savagery if he
those views which were regarded by his neighbors would camp out on the pine-clad shore of Walden.
as stamping him an oddity. But to say that he The axe that he borrowed of Bronson Alcott becomes
looked with contempt on the “august drama of
formidable weapon
in their hands, with which they
destiny" of which his country was the scene, is would demolish at a blow the “shanty” and the
surely erroneous. For not only did he not look with whole fanciful structure of domestic economy and
contempt on this drama, but he was an actor in it, idealistic philosophy. Thoreau with an axe is a
and an actor of great spirit and earnestnesss. Lowell, humbug. He should return to the stone age, and
indeed, has given us his clever “Biglow Papers,” burrow in the earth like a muskrat; nothing less
and
may therefore be said to have been more than a will satisfy the demands of those who would have
mere spectator at that memorable performance; but him live
up
to the
very letter of what they conceive
while he was composing congenial drolleries in the to be his self-banishment from society. And here
cosy solitude of his library, while the North was is how Thoreau, in an anticipative mood, answers
seeking compromise, while many even of the most these cavillers: “It is difficult to begin without bor-
pronounced Abolitionists were playing only thinking rowing, but perhaps it is the most generous course
parts, it was Thoreau, the hermit, the skulker, the to permit your fellow-man to have an interest in
selfish recluse who had no concern for the sufferings your enterprise.”.
of his fellows, who boldly came to the front and It is natural that this retreat to Walden should
championed John Brown - John Brown, the crazy stand out as the most conspicuous feature of Tho-
man who was so foolish as to “lose his life for a reau's career. It was something new; the reasons
few niggers." “What avail all your scholarly ac he
gave for it were novel and stimulating ; it threw
complishments and learning," said Thoreau on that an atmosphere of picturesque romance about a figure
historic occasion when he addressed the citizens of already sufficiently odd and perplexing. The book
Concord, “compared with wisdom and manhood ? that he wrote there has an attractive title, and its
To omit his [Brown's] other behavior, see what a contents are such as to invite many shades of criti-
work this comparatively unread and unlettered man cism. Most of the conflicting judgments of Thoreau's
wrote within six weeks! Where is our professor of life and work may be traced to a false conception of
belles-lettres, or of logic and rhetoric, who can write the Walden episode. The real purpose of this epi-
80 well?"
Did this stray shaft lodge in Lowell's sode, it seems to us, is that Thoreau might have
library?
leisure and opportunity for his reading, his study of
Lowell further says: “ Thoreau's shanty life was nature, his writing, — and a general good time in
a mere impossibility, as far as his own conception the bargain. “I went into the woods to transact
of it goes, of an entire independency of mankind,” some private business," he writes ; and that might
and he goes on to say that his experiment actually well end the matter.


356
(June 1,
THE DIAL
DIAL
The chief error of many of Thoreau's critics is
that they fail to detect his humor, his fondness for
The New Books.
extravagance of statement, his hyperbole. They
accept him literally. Thoreau should be read through
TALES OF A SPORTSMAN-NATURALIST.*
his life as well as through his books. Much that he
writes is written in the effort at paradox. He is Success, at all hazards and even by any
confessed exaggerator. There is about him, on the method, is the motto attributed to many who to-
surface, a great deal of charming and innocent day dominate the fields of finance and industry.
boasting. But it belongs to the surface only. Under-
The arena of human activity seems, for the
neath, we find the loving friend, the often true phi- time, not to be a fair field with no favors. In
losopher, the preacher, the moralist, the narrator,
and, above all and saving all, the humorist. As for
these days of the literature of exposure, both
his writings, some persons have compared them to
serious and frenzied, it is refreshing to find one
the freshness of an ocean breeze. They are more.
field of strenuous endeavor in which the spirit
They are like an electric current in a live wire. You of fair-play is cultivated, where gentlemen's
are liable to be shocked at any moment. But it is agreements are honorable and are honored in
a stimulating, an inspiring shock. You need not their observance, and where an equal chance is
read him consecutively, - you need not worry about an essential feature of the game.
the paradoxes, the exaggerations, the boasting, the Much might be said from several points of
self-complacency, the false economy. They may all
view about the cruelty of the sportsman's art
be safely taken for the sake of the tonic that goes
and the debasing effect of the needless slaughter
with them. But his humor is the essential thing for
his critics to perceive. No man can be said to be
of animals. Modern arms and ammunition
a recluse, to be a misanthrope, to be really in earnest
have sealed the doom of every animal on the face
in his hyperbolic and paradoxical desire to demolish of the earth large enough to become a target,
society, who possesses a humor such as Thoreau's. unless protective measures are speedily taken.
This is his supremely genuine quality, and it is the But when all is said, the fact remains that the
quality in him that makes him most human and most blood of the hunter runs in man's veins, and the
persuasive. Those who do not find this quality in hunting instinct is by no means eradicated by
him, read his books in vain.
the advance of civilization. Since hunt we will
Thoreau is too valuable a possession, not only to
American literature but to all literature, to be dealt
for the pleasure of it, let us play fair with the
with in an inappreciative or superficial manner by
denizens of field and forest and the finny tribes
of stream and sea.
any critic, however witty or brilliant. His is a com-
plex nature, not readily understood, and it is some-
Few men have done as much to develop and
times difficult to see with his vision. It is for this maintain this spirit of fairness to the hunted as
reason that those who would approach him in a crit- Professor Charles Frederick Holder, sportsman-
ical spirit should approach him with caution and with naturalist and prince of anglers. His two recent
sympathy. His is one of the rare cases known in works, “ The Log of a Sea Angler” and “ Life
literature where a noble spirit, a witty and inspiring in the Open,” breathe this spirit of fair play in
mind, and a moral force of great value and attrac their pages, though neither is a brief for beasts,
tion, have been brought together in one man. Tho- birds, and fishes, nor is there special pleading
reau inspires, charms, and elevates. The reader who
for their cause. The wild goat on the slopes of
comes to Thoreau's books in a sympathetic and ap-
Orizaba must have a fair chance.
preciative spirit will leave them a better man. He
will hear sermons without dulness, he will hear
Hunting is what it is made. One may coop a jack-
music without discord, and there will be revealed to
rabbit in a large corral and watch greyhounds run it
him a religion that insists on no dogmas or creeds,
down, and imagine it sport ; so, too, the hunter may
at times corral the goat of Santa Catalina in some cor-
and is wide enough to embrace all sects. “To live
ner and slay it without trouble with the aid of a guide,
rightly and never to swerve, and to believe that we
who is also seeking minimum physical exertion ; but
have in ourselves a drop of the Original Goodness the hunter who will go out into the open and climb the
besides the well-known deluge of original sin, crags of the big mountains or peaks will, I venture to
these strains sing through Thoreau's writings." We say, in the majority of instances, have hunting and
would not wish every man a Thoreau. Civilization
climbing that would be considered all sufficient if for
has not reached that ideal stage of development when
• wild goat' had been substituted the term • big-horn.'
• What's in a name?'"
it would be other than awkward for all able-bodied
men to sit, rapt in reverie on the shore of a Walden
To Mr. Holder is due the credit for the
pond, speculating on the character of mists or on the
*TAE LOG OF A SEA ANGLER. By Charles Frederick Holder.
immortality of the pine. But we would wish a part Boston: Houghton, Miffin & Co.
of Thoreau for every man.
LIFE IN THE OPEN. Sport with Rod, Gun, Horse, and Hound
in Southern California. By Charles Frederick Holder. Illus-
GILBERT P. COLEMAN. trated in photogravure, etc. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.


1906.]
357
THE DIAL
organization of the famous Tuna Club of Santa “On nearing the school, the fishes become more dis-
Catalina, whose influence has been such that tinct and the splendid spectacle is afforded of large tunas
nowhere in the world does a higher standard of feeding A stretch of perhaps twenty acres is a mass
of foam. Some of the fish are playing along the sur-
sport prevail than on the famous fishing-grounds face, churning the blue water into silver. Some are
of Southern California.
leaping high into the air, going up like arrows, eight or
“ It was this capture, and the unsportsmanlike condi more feet. The boatman is bearing off and is several
tions of fishing at the island, which caused me to sug feet ahead, but suddenly slows down to half-speed. Big
gest the organization of the Tuna Club. The splendid flying-fishes are speeding away in every direction, a foot
fishes of the region, yellowtail, white sea-bass, and or more above the water, looking like gigantic dragon-
others, were being slaughtered by the ton. How to
flies. Now the bait is in the line of march of the school.
stop it was the question, and I conceived the idea of The boatman stands like a statue, his hand on the little
an appeal to the innate sense of fair play that is found engine, ready to stop and reverse. Suddenly he whis-
among nearly all anglers. I suggested the Tuna Club pers, Look out, sir!' his voice hoarse with what should
. for the protection of the game fishes of Southern be suppressed excitement, and two or three flying-fishes
California,' and a constitution and by-laws that would cross the exact location of the baits. He knows that a
permit the use of lines up to twenty-four thread only nemesis, one or more, is directly behind. Then comes
and light rods, with the condition that every angler a rush of something, a blaze of silvery foam along the
must land his own fish. Some of the best known surface, tossing the spume high in air, and two rods are
anglers in the country joined the movement, a club jerked to the water's edge, while the reel gives tongue
without a club house, and I was honored with the in clear vibrant notes like the melody of an old hound
presidency. The result was remarkable. The example that one angler had known in the Virginia fox-hunting
of these gentlemen was so potent that hand-line fishing country long ago."
was abolished, and I doubt if any hand-lines can be
found at Santa Catalina to-day. With a rope-like hand The other new book by Mr. Holder, “ Life
line, a twenty-five pound yellowtail can be landed in one
minute, or possibly two; but with a rod and a thread-
in the Open,” is in the main, as its sub-title
like line, from a nine to a twenty-one thread, it is a suggests, a record of sport with rod, gun, horse,
matter of fifteen or thirty minutes, and fifty per cent of
and hound, in Southern California, - a spirited
the game escapes."
account of the hunt for hare, wolf, lynx, and fox
Aside from its incidental but none the less in the foot-hills of the Sierra Madre, and of the
potent value as a document on the ethics of deer, bighorn, and mountain lion amid the crags
sport, “ The Log of a Sea Angler" is a well and precipices of the Southern Sierras. While
spun yarn, or rather a series of yarns, in which most of the chapters tell of the author's personal
the author's angling experiences are reeled off experience in the sport, we search in vain for it
in such an entertaining fashion that we instinct in the chapter
in the chapter on the mountain lion. The cur-
ively look up our fishing tackle and plan at tain rises revealing the stage, the magnificent
once for an outing at the shore. The author panorama of forest, mountain, and sea, but
has cast his line in many waters, from Maine to alas! where is Hamlet ? Indeed, the whole book
Cuba, but more especially off Loggerhead Key is an enthusiastic panegyric of this summer-
in Florida, and in the unsurpassed paradise of land, this Italy of America, with a few inci-
anglers off Avalon and the adjacent waters of dental remarks about the fine sport to be had
Southern California. He is no conventional amidst beautiful scenery in a matchless climate.
fisherman, but employs all the tackle known to But after all, what matters it, if the lion was not
the craft, not only the rod, reel, and line, but found ? The search for him, however, was a
the spear and grains. Nor is he limited in his round of delights.
quest to fish of wide repute; but any denizen A number of pages are devoted to the varied
of the deep whose wariness, strength, or agility sport which the angler finds with tuna, black
can test human patience or endurance is added sea-bass, and yellowtail, with deep-sea trolling
to the list of game fishes. Thus turtles, sharks, and still-angling off the shores of Southern
and
rays, and even the devil-fish, are not safe California and its adjacent islands, and with the
when Mr. Holder goes a-fishing.
trout of the clear mountain streams of the Coast
The author's records as a naturalist are both Range and of the high Sierras. The work is
interesting and valuable, though an occasional superbly illustrated with many reproductions
statement of fact or inference is open to criti from photographs of scenery, the old missions of
cism, -as, for example, his report that jellyfish California, and fishing scenes about Avalon on
are the natural food of whalebone whales ! In famous Santa Catalina Island. Not all of the
the main, keen observation of nature's secrets, subjects are pertinent to the professed theme of
and wide experience with the sea and its life, the book, but they nevertheless contribute to the
are revealed in these angler's tales, and there is enjoyment of its pages, and afford the setting
an occasional bit of spirited writing as well. indispensable to an adequate appreciation of the


358
(June 1,
THE DIAL
attractions of our American paradise. The the “ brittle wood cannot withstand the winds,"
charm of the work lies in its spirited and or that this species is more useful in the city
enthusiastic appreciation of out-of-door life, of than in the open country. Nor will we of the
the possibilities of enjoyment of nature, even West feel like accepting the pleasant words
though one go a-hunting or a-fishing. It would which the author bestows upon the Lombardy
make a good document for the ubiquitous Cali- poplar. It should also be noted that the com-
fornia Promotion Committee.
mendation of the Western catalpa as a tree
CHARLES ATWOOD KOFOID. suitable for planting in the West applies only
to the region south of central Iowa. The white
pine, while useful northeastward, is not the best
pine for the prairies, both Scotch and Austrian
THE AMERICAN TREE BOOK.*
pines being more suitable, and the latter pre-
Among recent popular publications treating ferable where it can be started under proper
of the natural world, Miss Rogers’s “Tree Book” protection. The bur-oak should not have been
takes high rank. It is one of the fruits of efforts singled out as suitable for planting on the prai-
recently made to bring the literature of popular ries, as several other species of trees are much
science and nature-study to a sane and solid basis. more satisfactory.
While not an avowed nature-study book, it will
The useful glossary will assist the average
inevitably supplant in part the less desirable reader in understanding more technical terms,
literature on that subject, and will materially but greater care should have been exercised in
reinforce that which is good. It will be more defining some of these terms. Thus, the term
particularly welcomed, however, by those who pericarp should apply only to the outer walls of
love trees and forests, as well as by those who the ovary ; resin is not restricted to the wood
take a purely practical view of their care and
of conifers ; stomata are often found on the
preservation. The author comes to her work upper side of the leaf, and on twigs; the term
with excellent training, long experience, and, terete refers not only to cylindrical forms, but
above all, a healthy and infectious enthusiasm applies to all elongated forms which are circular
for the subject; and these qualities are abund-
in cross-section; and flower-clusters other than
antly shown throughout the volume, which gives cymes are flat-topped. Notwithstanding these
evidence of wide observation and extensive read and other minor errors, however, the first part
ing. The style is pleasing and popular, while
of this delightful volume will be of great assist-
on the whole the work is scientifically accurate.
ance to all who have a real desire to learn to
The greater part of the book (about 450
know trees.
pages) is given to the various groups of native
Part II. is devoted to Forestry; and this por-
and introduced forest trees, which are considered tion of the work will be especially valuable in
in separate chapters. Much valuable informa- view of the increasing interest in this subject,
tion is given, not only concerning identity of which will no doubt be further stimulated by
species, but their habits, distribution, and culti- this book. A great amount of information is
vation as well. A key to the principal families here presented in clear and concise form. The
of trees, and separate keys for the species in several chapters deal successively with the his-
each family, will be of assistance even to the in- tory of forestry in our country ; lumbering pro-
experienced layman ; while the numerous illus cesses in the East ; profitable tree-planting ; the
trations are well grouped to bring the details of farmer's wood-lot; the transplanting of trees;
each species together. Valuable hints concerning the method of multiplication and dispersal ; the
the usefulness of various species of trees are
methods of measuring trees; the pruning of
given in connection with the specific descriptions, trees; and the enemies of trees. The amateur
and this feature will be appreciated especially tree-grower will receive many valuable hints and
by those who cultivate trees. However, it is directions in these chapters, and the reader who
evident that this part of the book is written seeks general information will find it here in
largely from the Eastern standpoint, although attractive form. The chapter on profitable tree-
the author is not without Western experience. planting is especially pleasing because it is hope-
Thus, those who have seen the solitary cotton- ful. Some modifications of the chapter on
wood grow to symmetrical proportions out on transplanting trees would, however, be necessary
the wind-swept prairies will scarcely agree
that for the drier portions of the central West, where
a dense shallow root-system endangers the tree
• THE TREE BOOK. By Julia E. Rogérg. Illustrated in color,
during both dry winters and summers.
;
etc. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co.


1906.]
359
THE DIAL
Part III. is devoted to the discussion of the
GARDEN BLOOMS AND WAYS.*
products of the forest. The uses and methods
of finishing woods are considered, and the meth It has long been an article of faith with the
ods of wood-preservation, and of the manufacture present reviewer, that if a gardener or a garden
of wood-paper pulp, are described. The several lover could not be named Adam he must be
subjects are treated very happily, but one regrets
called John. Nor is the reason for this fancy
that the author did not more severely condemn
far to seek. Of late, it is true that many womep
the evils of the Christmas-tree traffic.
have entered the lists of that delightful tourna
Part IV., which describes the life of the tree,
ment in which the rival claims of plants and
concludes the text of the book. A popular dis- plantings are jousted for; but the great old
cussion of plant physiology is always unsatis- garden-books written by the great old sons of
factory, and to some extent this is true of the
“the grand old gardener and his wife"
were
part under consideration. The author describes nearly all written by men called John, -John
the work of the leaves ; the growth of the tree;
Gerarde, John Parkinson, John Ray, John
the fall of the leaves ; and the winter condition Evelyn, John Tradescant, and all that goodly
of trees. Since microscopic structure cannot be fellowship. It is with much satisfaction, there
exactly set forth in a work of this character, it fore, that the author of “ The Wild Flowers of
follows that much of the discussion of functions
Selborne” is found to have a baptismal right in
cannot be clear. This is especially true, in the
the brotherhood, since his book belongs on the
present case, of the functions of the green leaves, shelves which theirs have adorned for so many
and of the part played by various cells of the years.
years. It can have no higher praise, as the
sap-wood in the transportation of sap and the
Reverend John Vaughn could have asked for
storing of starch. Neither is it possible to make
no fairer field for his labors and no higher
clear the structure of wood, or the changes which
theme for his pen than he found in following
take place in leaves in the fall. The propriety the footsteps of White of Selborne. The Rev.
of certain positive statements concerning the erend Gilbert White, as all the world knows,
functions of structures which are not yet well
and has been glad to know for a century and a
understood may be questioned. This is espe- third, wrote a most charming chronicle of the
cially true of the statements made concerning out-of-door life which flowed like a quiet stream
the functions of lenticels. There is no doubt about his church and his rectory. For years
that these structures will transmit gases under
we have known (in spirit) the paths through
pressure, but their exact function is by no means
Wolmer Forest to Wolmer Pond, down the
clear, and positive statements concerning such
“ hollow lanes" to Alton and the old Priory by
mooted questions are better omitted from popu-
Lyth side; we have known the way to the
lar works.
beautiful Hanger of beech trees, through which
The Appendix is also worthy of mention, for the gentle bachelor walked, with his quiet ob-
it contains a great amount of condensed special servant eyes and his peaceful thoughts; and we
information concerning trees, and will be found have looked on the fields over which the night
both interesting and valuable. The mechanical jars flew in the twilight. It is, therefore, as if
appearance of the volume is very satisfactory, we were revisiting old scenes and meeting old
though a uniform background for each plate friends when we pore over the delightful pages
would have produced a more pleasing effect.
in which Mr. Vaughn tells us of his observa-
The minor errors to which attention has been
tions in this classic soil. We are glad to know
called do not materially diminish the value of that so many of the plants that Gilbert Whitę
the book, which must prove a source of inspi- knew still haunt the old places and still open
ration and encouragement to everyone who their blossoms to the Selborne skies.
loves and appreciates trees.
glad to learn that so many old customs still
BOHNMIL SHIMEK.
obtain there, and that, even in this day of ad-
vanced medicine and surgery, people there be
who still cling to the “ simples" dear to their
“ POEMS OF ITALY," published at the Grafton Press, great-grandsires. Chapters on Izaak Walton
is a small volume of translations from Signor Carducci,
made, introduced, and annotated by Mr. M. W. Arms. Rector of Droxford and Canon of Winchester. New York:
There are only a half dozen pieces in the collection, all
selected from “Odi Barbare," but none of them paral-
COMMON-SENSB GARDENS. By Cornelius V. V. Sewell. New
leled in Mr. Frank Sewall's volume of translations from
THE SEASONS IN A FLOWER-GARDEN. By Louise Shelton.
the greatest of living Italians.
We are
THE WILD FLOWERS OF SELBORNE. By John Vaughn, M.A.,
John Lane Co.
York: The Grafton Press.
New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.


860
[June 1,
THE DIAL
are
were almost sure to be found in any volume
TRAVELS BY SEA AND LAND.*
written by a rector of Droxford, who is Canon
of Winchester as well ; and it would have been We are inclined to disagree with those who
no less impossible for him to leave out the assert that the instinct to travel is the lowest
pages about Jane Austen at Lyme, Dean Rich- mental incentive that urges mankind to seek
mond, and the Isle of Wight. The chapter on strange lands and new sights. Moreover, we
the Early Botanists of Essex belongs to the believe that this migratory or nomadic instinct,
book as a matter of course. What we have to this wanderlust, has a distinct literary value.
be especially thankful for are the accounts of How tasteless is a book of travels that recounts
the Ancient Market Towne of Titchfield, and with statistical dryness the dull catalogue of
the salty breezes of the chronicles of Port common things found in a venturesome journey!
chester. The literary charm of the book is Darwin, among the scientists, in his “Voyage
marked, and it is altogether a work of distinc of the Beagle," Henry M. Stanley among the
tion and value.
great explorers, and Mrs. Bishop among those
''In “ Common-Sense Gardens,” by Mr. Cor- who travel for descriptive material, had this
nelius V. V. Sewell, we enter a world of far instinct and managed to impart a goodly share
less scholarly interest, but of the practical value of it to their books. Nor is this instinct con-
we need if we would avoid the cruel disappoint- fined to the records of actual travel. Nowhere
ments that so often befall him who plants with can it be found to better advantage than in
more zeal than knowledge. Two points in this “ Robinson Crusoe ” and “Gulliver's Travels."
excellent and amply illustrated book are worthy On the other hand, we miss this wander-spirit
of especial notice, — the author's praises of in many otherwise commendable books. Long-
Box, and his pictures of enclosed gardens. If fellow's “ Outre Mer,” Hawthorne's note-books
one has had the good fortune to live with alleys of travel, Holmes's “Our Hundred Days in
of Box older than the Republic; has inhaled the Europe," Emerson's “ English Traits," – to
unforgettable odor of this imperial shrub during limit our list to books by Americans,
long hot summer days, and has watched its lacking in this zest of the human desire to go
mysterious affinities with frost and snow, one a-wandering. Certainly so good a traveller and
has learned that no plant can strike its roots so
writer as the author of Travels with a Donkey
deep in the heart, or fill so large a place in the and “ An Inland Voyage” would not make the
memory. To plant Box, not wholly for our spirit of travel a minor motive in mankind or
selves, but for those who shall walk “in far-off a minimum literary force in books of travel.
summers that we shall not see, this is an act
Nowhere is this spirit more apparent than in
of high civic virtue. And as one knows the books dealing with the attempts to find the two
value of Box only by living with it, so no one
poles of the earth. The great sums of money,
can imagine the delights of an enclosed garden the sacrifice of life, the rivalry of the nations,
who has not owned one. Mr. Sewell demurs at and the undying energy exhibited, are sufficient
the idea of its seclusion as un-American and out evidence that mankind is prompted to seek the
of sympathy with true democracy. A little unknown in order to satisfy a powerful human
more reserve, a little more dignity, a little less passion. Indomitable courage, the will to do,
of parade, even of our roses, — surely if these and the endurance of heart-breaking hardships,
much-needed lessons can be taught by a well characterize those men who would discover a
clipped hedge, a brick wall gadded over by roses, point of zero in the earth's latitude and longi-
or even by a wire netting overgrown by morn tude. Such is the spirit that infuses the vivid
ing-glories, they are doubly worth the learning and instructive book entitled “ The Siege of the
In "The Seasons in a Flower Garden," Miss South Pole,” by Dr. Hugh R. Mill. Dr. Mill,
Louise Shelton has given us a practical and
• THE SIEGE OF THE SOUTH POLE. By Hugh R. Mil. Illus-
pleasant garden manual. The directions are
Ten THOUSAND MILES IN A YACHT. By Richard Arthur.
clearly worded, well grouped, and reasonable -
Illustrated. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co.
a quality not too often to be found among such BENARES, THE HOLY CITY. By E. B. Havell. Mustrated.
books. The lists omit many important plants,
THROUGH INDIA WITH THE PRINCE. By G. F. Abbott. Illus-
and include others not generally regarded as trated. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
desirable. For a small garden and a young
THREE MAN IN A MOTOR CAR. By Winthrop E. Scarritt.
gardener, the book will render the real service
DowX IN PORTO Rico. By George Milton Fowles.
for which it was written.
trated. New York: Eaton & Mains.
TRAVELS OF A NATURALIST IN NORTHERN EUROPE. By J. A.
SARA ANDREW SHAFER.
Harvie-Brown. Illustrated. New York: A. Wessels Co.
::
trated. New York: Frederick A, Stokes Co.
London: Blackie & Son, Limited.
Illustrated. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co.
Illug-


1906.]
361
THE DIAL
who admits that he has never been within two Bermuda, sailed “across the tropical sapphire
thousand miles of the Antarctic Circle, has had seas, along the palm-fringed Carribean island-
the rare fortune“ to possess the personal friend-coasts,” touching at Dominica, Martinique,
ship of all, or almost all, the living explorers Santa Lucia, Barbadoes, and thence passed up
and promoters of exploration in the Antarctic the Amazon for a thousand miles, past Pará
Regions.” He can, consequently, give a per and Santarem to Manáos, where they remained
sonal touch to his summary of Antarctic travel. a week, thence voyaging back along the coasts
His volume is very complete in its descrip- of South America to Jamaica and Havana, and
tions of all the efforts that have been made finally, on January 30, 1905, they dropped
to reach the South Pole. We find a good sum anchor in East River in « Little Old New
mary of the earlier voyages which fell short of York." We have chosen the followïng ex-
the Circle ; then we read at great length of the cerpts as revealing the better quality of the book.
noteworthy voyages from the time of Cook, in
1772, down to our own time,- to the voyages when the Amazon country will be thickly populated,
of Scott, Drygalski, Nordenskjöld, Bruce, and and prosperous plantations will occupy the river front
Charcot. Nearly all of these explorers left
on each side for thousands of miles. I am aware that
it is generally as rash a thing to foretell what will not
personal records of their trips ; but many of their
happen as to predict what will happen ; but I cannot
accounts, especially those between the voyages see in the future the thick population and the prosperous
of the “Resolution ” in 1772 and the “ Chal-plantations that have been prophesied. There certainly
lenger” in 1874, are now out of print or are
will be development on the higher lands ; but on the
lower Amazon, for some hundreds of miles, there seems
difficult to consult. This is notably true of
little prospect of reclaiming the alluvial flats from the
Admiral Bellingshausen's story of his voyage grip of the river. A great deal of this land is sub-
and discoveries, made in 1819-21, and hitherto merged in the high-river season, and if the forest were
accessible only in the Russian language and in stripped from it the river would eat it up like so much
a German translation made in 1902. For these
salt."
reasons, Dr. Mill's book is a very acceptable Here is a fish story:
contribution to the literature of exploration at
“ It was the evening of January 5, about 10 o'clock.
the South Pole. That “the siege of the South
The yacht was gliding through the sea at nearly fifteen
knots an hour and rolling about twenty-five degrees.
Pole has been a spasmodic operation, proceeding One of the stewards was sitting in the dining room,
by magnificent efforts separated by long inter He was dozing and dreaming -- doubtless of the girl
vals of inertness and inattention,” and that each he left behind. Suddenly he was awakened by some-
fresh expedition had to begin at the beginning, thing swishing through the open window, over his right
shoulder close to his face. Before he could open his
acquiring its own experience by repeating the
eyes he heard the flop of something weighty on the
errors of its predecessors, is only too evident in floor beneath the dining-room table, and then, to his
reading this volume. Dr. Mill, however, is not amazement, he saw the gleaming back of a good-sized,
pessimistic about the ultimate discovery of the tail-flapping all-alive-o fish. A brother steward was
South Pole. Soon, probably within the first
immediately summoned, and then nearly the whole
crew, and the fish was duly measured and weighed.
quarter of the present century, some explorer, The official report made him 2 feet 3 inches long and
the author thinks, will wipe “the reproach of gave him 34 pounds avoir upois. . He certainly made
Terra Incognita from the surface of our little a famous leap to get out of the sea into the dining
globe.” Our space forbids our making even
room."
the briefest summary of a book that is intended One of the best features of the volume is the
to be a compact handbook. We do not hesi- | introduction, written by Mr. William M. Ivins.
tate to say, however, that Dr. Mill's book does Mr. Ivins, who has business interests in Brazil,
for Antarctic exploration what General A. W. and has made other trips to that country, is
Greely's “ Handbook of Arctic Discoveries" evidently well informed about the land and the
does for the history of exploration at the North people — so well, indeed, that some readers may
Pole, and that it does it equally well.
wish that the author and the introductory writer
After the somewhat heavy but wholesome fare
had exchanged places.
of Dr. Mill's volume, one relishes the slighter Benares has always had a strangely fasci-
and more superficial quality of Mr. Richard nating interest for travellers in India. The
Arthur's - Ten Thousand Miles in a Yacht." reason is apparent : there is seen, in all its
Ten men and a lad left New York in November, degradation and splendor, the microcosm of
1904, in the palatial yacht “ Virginia,” cap- Indian religious life. To know all the ramifica-
tained by Mr. E. C. Benedict; they visited tions of this life, with its three hundred million


362
(June 1,
THE DIAL
deities, is probably beyond the psychology of Bombay to Jaipur, Lahore, Peshawar ; thence,
the ordinary western mind. Hence one ap-
Hence one ap- turning east and south, they visited Amritsar,
preciates a calm, dispassionate, well-ordered, Delphi, Agra, Lucknow, and Calcutta, whence
and studious unravelling of the labyrinth of they sailed to Burma, where they stopped at
Hindu life and religion. Principal E. B. Havell, Rangoon and Mandalay, thence back to Madras,
of the Government School of Art at Calcutta, and then, turning north again, they visited
has done this in a masterly manner in his book Hyderabad, Benares, Nepal, and finally, cut-
entitled “ Benares, the Sacred City.” We read ting across northern India, after a stop at Simla,
in his book about the Vedic times, the great they departed from the country at Karachi.
Hindu epics, the latest discoveries at Sarnath Though we give the route of the royal party,
the birthplace of Buddhism, the rise of modern we do not wish to imply that Mr. Abbott's
Hinduism, and, at more length, of the worship book is mainly concerned with the doings and
of Shiva, the presiding deity of Benares. We
We receptions that were everywhere held in honor
voyage with him along the Ganges river, seeing of the visit of the royal pair. On the contrary,
the wonderful rites and ceremonies of the it gives but little more than a decent amount
bathers, visiting the ghats and temples — of of attention to the many durbars of the native
which there are over fifteen hundred, — and princes, and still less attention to the Prince and
making the pilgrimages to the various holy Princess of Wales. As the royal party did not
places. No part of his interesting book is more remain long at any one place, we need not wonder
graphic and picturesque than the following that the author's descriptions are at times rather
account of one of the Hindu festivals :
blasé and thin. The Taj Mahal at Agra receives
“ The most beautiful of all the latter is the Dîwâlî, this comment: “ It makes me think of Euclid,
or Feast of Lamps, in honor of Lakshmî, the goddess
or of a toy-shop. The Taj seems to me to need
of Fortune. In the evening, when the short Eastern
a glass case. The volume records a traveller's
gloaming is merging into night, numbers of girls and
young women, graceful as Greek nymphs in their many- | impressions, marked by a certain quality of
coloured saris, come silently down to the ghats, bearing mixed cynicism, acerbity, and egotism. Such
little earthen lamps, which they light and carefully set sentences as the following are not infrequent in
afloat. Then with eager faces they watch them carried
the book : “ They (tigers) never attack human
away on the rippling surface of the water, still shimmer-
beings so long as they can obtain a respectable
ing with opalescent tints from the last rays of the after-
glow. For if a tiny wavelet should upset the frail craft, animal"; and, “after all, death is only one of
or if the light should flicker and go out, it bodes mis the minor tragedies of life.” The want of de-
fortune in the coming year. But if the light burns scriptive power and the too pronounced personal
strong and well, till the lamp is borne far away by the
note are the two blemishes that detract from
current in midstream, happiness is in store for her who
launched it on the waters. By the time the twilight the main value of the book, which is found in the
fades there are hundreds of twinkling lights dotted over
writer's comments and observations on the polit-
the river, as if holy Ganga had borrowed the stars from ical status of India. On this subject he is sound
heaven, whence she came, to adorn her earthly robes.” and earnest, although his views are probably not
Principal Havell, in closing his book, says : in accord with government views and reports.
“ No doubt Hinduism will continue to be modi Mr. Abbott asserts that the British Government
fied by the inflow of Western ideas. There can in India has failed to earn the love of the
peo
be no greater mistake than to consider Hinduism ple, and that, if the present government is to
as so many immutable customs and forms of hold, it must make concessions to the natives.
ritual and belief, which may be uprooted, but On this point, while in Hyderabad, he wrote:
cannot be trained or adapted.” The volume is
« The only condition of success the condition on
well illustrated with appropriate pictures — pic- the observance of which depends the very permanence
tures that assist the text.
of the British Empire in India - is sincere coöperation
between the Englishman and the native ; and as the
Mr. G. F. Abbott's book entitled “ Through native becomes more and more educated he is entitled
India with the Prince covers the whole country
to a greater and yet greater share in the government
and touches on every imaginable topic that India
of his own country. The example of a native state like
offers to a writer. As special correspondent for
Baroda brilliantly proves that the talent for self-gov-
ernment is not a monopoly of the West. The moral
the Calcutta “ Statesman,” a journal of which qualities and the material means necessary for the work
he has for some years been editor, the author are quite as plentiful in the East."
accompanied their Royal Highnesses the Prince But, says the author, self-government for India,
and Princess of Wales on their recent Indian as well as many other Western ideas, is yet
tour. The royal party travelled north from very distant. The photographic reproductions


1906.]
363
THE DIAL
The
in the book are the best we have seen of Indian “ If the people learn to read American literature and
sights for some time.
come to know our ideals of national life, if they are able
to converse in an intelligent manner with the American
" It is a curious fact that, notwithstanding officials and citizens who reside in Porto Rico, it will not
our boasted nineteenth-century progress in meth be long until this people shall be thoroughly American."
ods, discovery, and invention, up to the coming For this reason the author believes that English
of the motor-car man had made absolutely no instead of Spanish should be the basic language
progress since the dawn of history in the trans used in the schools. Among other changes that
portation of the individual unit of society." are needed, or are being made, the author cites
These words, challenging us to a debate, intro the separation of Church and State, the “rapidly
duce us to the spirited and enthusiastic account rising moral tone of family life,” the increasing
of a confirmed automobilist, who, with two trade with the United States, the change of senti-
equally enthusiastic and jolly companions, made ment toward manual labor, and the establishment
a motor-car trip through England, thence across of the rights of American citizenship. For those
to Paris by way of Rouen, to Lucerne by way who have read but little about Porto Rico, Mr.
of Basle, Switzerland, to Geneva, and then back Fowles's book will give much detailed informa-
to Paris through Aix-les-Bains. Mr. Winthrop tion concerning the mental, physical, and spirit-
E. Scarritt, a former President of the Automo ual characteristics of the Porto Ricans, and
bile Club of America, tells the story of this trip about the educational, economic, and political
very
well in his little volume entitled “ Three conditions of the island. The book also contains
Men in a Motor Car," although he adds nothing a sufficient amount of historical background to
to our stock of information about the places he help to explain many of the existing conditions.
visited. The intrinsic value of the book lies in
Thoreau once boasted of the treasures he
the specific information that he gives to other found on the barren sands of a desolate creek.
automobilists as to how to “do.” Europe in a A similar spirit pervades and animates Mr. J. A.
motor-car. We learn, for example, that there is
an automobile bureau in Paris, in London, and title - Travels of a Naturalist in Europe.
Harvie-Brown's two-volume work bearing the
in Stuttgardt, where an automobilist
may
have
region of the author's trips lies in Norway, and
every want supplied and every petty foreign in extreme northeastern Russia at Archangel,
interference removed. Much of the book, in
near the Dvina Delta, and at Petchora, near
fact nearly one-half, is given to a considera-
the Arctic Circle. An unusual feature of the
tion of the future automobile, automobile legis- book is the fact that it recounts the travels of
lation, good roads, automobile contests, and other the author made as long ago as 1871, 1872,
like subjects dear to the automobilist. After
and 1875. The publication of the author's
reading Mr. Scarritt's volume, one can readily journal at this late date is but scantily justified
agree with those charming writers on the auto-
by “the very antiquity of the relation.” The
mobile, C. N. and A. M. Williamson, who write real purpose and value of the book, however,
the introduction to this book, when they say,
lie in the observations of the author and his
“ It is the deliberate opinion of all who have companions on bird and animal life, - obser-
tried it, that life can offer few more vivid joys vations that are minutely correct and scientific,
than a tour in a motor-car through a beautiful
and will be of interest to those deeply versed in
country.”
bird and animal lore. Here and there are
Although Mr. George Milton Fowles, the minor observations and reflections on the
author of the book entitled “ Down in Porto natives and their modes of living. One
appen-
Rico,” disclaims to write in a spirit of adverse dix is devoted to the Samoyedes of extreme
criticism, the shadow is more pronounced than northern Russia. An excerpt will illustrate
the light in his summary of observations based the spirit and purpose of the book. The
on a year's residence in the island. His account, naturalists were anxious to find specimens and
moreover, is marked by a strong religious bias.
eggs of the Little Stint and the Grey Plover.
He believes that the ultimate regeneration of the One day, so says the author : “ Seebohm had
Porto Ricans must come through the Protestant grand success, returning shortly after me, and
religion. There is, to be sure, some truth in this with a triumphant thump laid on the table, first
last statement; but that it is the whole truth is a Grey Plover, then a Snow Bunting ;
not so evident. We believe that the author lastly, and most triumphantly hurrah! -five
makes a far more important observation when Little Stints, long looked for, found at last.”
he writes :
Such a spirit of discovery of small things has


364
(June 1,
THE DIAL
almost a kinship with Columbus's first sight of Joyous romance beckons to us from the pages of
land, Sverdrup's view of a new land, or Bal “ If Youth But Knew!” To say that this book is
boa's long-wished-for vision of the Pacific. All the work of Mr. and Mrs. Egerton Castle is to
the discoveries and observations made by the provide it with a certain passport to the affections
author have been tabulated and arranged in
of the public, for these writers have, more than most
order. The volumes are well printed, and well
of their contemporaries, the power to command
illustrated with colored plates necessary to a
smiles and tears commingled, and to transport us
into the rapturous regions of delight. The new book
complete understanding of the text.
is one of their best. It has a historical setting, for it
H. E. COBLENTZ. takes us to the toy Kingdom of Westphalia and the
imitation Paris established at Cassel by the puppet
prince who ruled there by grace of his imperial
brother until the battle of Leipzig put an end to the
RECENT FICTION.*
whole artificial arrangement. The story is one of
“The Portreeve” is as good a book as any that love, wounded pride, and reconciliation, the destinies
Mr. Eden Phillpotts has thus far written, although who befriends them, and who is in reality a French
of the lovers being shaped by a vagabond fiddler
it does not bring to us the sense of novelty. The emigré of gentle birth and tragic fortune. It is a
Dartmoor coloring and the types of rustic character
story throbbing with life, instinct with poetie feel-
which
appear in its pages are essentially the same as
ing, and bearing the stamp of a creative power that
in his previous books, for which reason we are
is closely akin to genius.
unable to discover in the new novel anything but a
Mr. Rex E. Beach is a young man who got the
variation upon a well-worn theme. Possibly the
Alaska fever when hardly more than a boy, spent
grip of character is somewhat stronger, the depiction several years in the mining camps of the northern
of elemental passion more intense, and the tragic wilderness, and returned to civilization with an
plot more inevitably logical. The hero is an agri; imperious mandate to expose the wrong-doings of
culturist and petty official of local importance, well which he had been a witness. First in a series of
on the way toward prosperity, who is made little
magazine articles, and now in his novel of “The
more than an outcast by the rancor of a scorned Spoilers,” he has told such a tale of corruption and
woman and eventually a murderer by the desperate the perversion of justice as fairly to startle the
passions which his unmerited reverses arouse.
The
most apathetic of listeners. That he has used the
story is thus sombre enough in outline, but the gloom muck-rake to some purpose is clear; for he substan-
is somewhat relieved by the humors of the subsidiary
tiates his essential charges with solid testimony of
characters, and by the quaint forms of speech that
a sort that cannot be dismissed with a sneer as the
the author seems to know so intimately. Certainly, invention of a sensationalist. Briefly, the story he
as we have remarked before, Mr. Phillpotts comes tells is that a combination of Eastern politicians
nearer than anyone else to being the legitimate suc-
high in office, having for their tools a masterful
cessor of Mr. Hardy as a rustic realist, and he has
adventurer and a pliant federal judge, conspired to
a considerable measure of the imaginative power
which can invest a simple passionate complication the camp at Nome, ousting their legitimate owners
get fraudulent possession of the richest claims in
with the severe attributes of high tragedy.
by chicane and corrupt legal process. How the
• THE PORTREEVE. By Eden Phillpotts. New York: The conspiracy triumphed, how the wrong was done,
and how, in the end, very tardily, such justice pre-
“IF YOUTH BUT KNEW!" By Agnes and Egerton Castle.
New York: The Macmillan Co.
vailed as was still possible after so much irreparable
THE SPOILERS. By Rex E. Beach. New York: Harper & mischief, is set forth in this virile novel, which
grips us by sheer brute strength, and almost makes
ALTON OF SOMASCO. A Romance of the Great Northwest. By
Harold Bindloss. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Co.
us forget how devoid it is of anything like grace or
THE KENTUCKIAN. A Thrilling Tale of Ohio Life in the Early delicacy of workmanship.
Sixties. By James Ball Naylor. Boston: C. M. Clark Publish-
ing Co.
It is interesting to compare with Mr. Beach's
LADY BALTIMORE. By Owen Wister. New York: The Mac novel the somewhat similar “Alton of Somasco,"
by Mr. Harold Bindloss. Here the scene is British
THE PRIVATE WAR. By Louis Joseph Vance. New York:
D. Appleton & Co.
Columbia instead of Alaska, and there is no political
THE MAYOR OF WARWICK. By Herbert M. Hopkins. Boston: deviltry to impel the action, but otherwise the situa-
Houghton, Miffin & Co.
LUCY OF THE STARS. By Frederick Palmer. New York:
tion is the same, being evolved out of the conflict
Charles Scribner's Sons.
between legitimate settlers and unscrupulous schem.
THE PRINCESS OLGA. By Ervin Wardman. New York:
Harper & Brothers.
ers for the possession of valuable ranching and
THE GENIUS. By Margaret Potter. New York: Harper & mining properties. Mr. Bindloss is a more urbane
Brothers.
novelist than Mr. Beach, and in his hands the blud.
RANDVAR THE SONGSMITH. A Romance of Norumbega. By
Ottilie A. Liljencrantz. New York: Harper & Brothers.
geon gives place to more civilized weapons. He
A MOTOR CAR DIVORCE. By Louise Closser Hale. New York: has, moreover, powers of description and character-
Dodd, Mead & Co.
ization far beyond those as yet developed by the
THE TRUTH ABOUT TOLNA. By Bertha Runkle. New York:
The Century Co.
author of “The Spoilers.” An admirable novel is
Macmillan Co.
Brothers.
millan Co.


1906.]
365
THE DIAL
the result, and one which introduces us to a territory bling sort, and rarely bears too heavily upon the
hitherto almost unexploited in fiction.
problems that lie in the background.
“ The Kentuckian " is one of those books which, “ The Private War," by Mr. Louis Joseph Vance,
like “Eben Holden” and “ David Harum,” seem is one of those novels that just escape the category
to exist chiefly for the purpose of exploiting the of “shockers” by virtue of a certain neatness of
fund of humorous anecdote at the command of some plot and a bare touch of stylistic virtue. More than
shrewd and garrulous yokel. Were the book no this cannot in conscience be said of the book from
more than this, it would hardly call for mention, a literary point of view, but the readers to whom it
but we find that by carefully skipping all of Bill is addressed will probably think even that slight
Kirk's contributions to the dialogue, we may dis element of art superfluous. For it is a book that
cover a connected narrative of some degree of in has its being in the interest of excitement and
terest. It is a narrative of Ohio in the sixties, and nothing else. We begin with a collection of news
is concerned with the operations of the Underground paper clippings called “The Documents in the
Railroad and the exploits of a gang of horse thieves. Case,” and as the story is gradually unfolded, these
The hero is a young man from the other side of the incoherent fragments are seen to slip into their
river, who becomes the district school teacher, and proper relations to the ingenious plot. The story
falls in love with the prettiest of his pupils. This has to do with the fortunes of a young American
is not exactly an original invention, but it may be woman in London, the widow of an English noble-
allowed to serve once more.
man, caught in the toils of private villainy and di-
“ Lady Baltimore,” like Mr. Owen Wister's other plomatic intrigue.
plomatic intrigue. Her old-time lover, the hero,
fiction, is defective on the side of construction, but hastens from New York in the true spirit of knight-
the defect is atoned for by the author's powers of errantry to rescue her, and straightway becomes
characterization and his narrative charm. In the entangled in an amazing coil of plots and counter-
present novel he bids us sojourn for a while in the plots. The interest grows more and more breath-
sleepy old town of King's Port, which is with small less, finally culminating in a triangular naval battle
difficulty identifiable as Charleston, and brings us between Russian, German, and British warships.
into intimate relations with its denizens. The point We do not quite understand how it is all brought
of view is that of a Northerner, but of one imbued about, but the narrative is tremendously thrilling,
with the fullest sympathy for the gracious aspects which is probably all that its author aimed at.
of a civilization that lingers yet in the Old South, A young college professor, at first described as
although not likely to preserve its fragrance for “verging upon the sixth lustrum of his age” (a vile
many more years. We must make a somewhat phrase), and afterwards said to be about thirty
lengthy quotation for the purpose of illustrating both years old, leaves his position in the University of
the attitude of the writer and the manner of his California, and obtains a temporary appointment in
expression. “This King's Port, this little city of an Eastern college. The new scene of his labors is
oblivion, held, shut in with its lavender and pressed-Warwick, which is easily identifiable as Hartford,
rose memories, a handful of people who were like Connecticut. There he becomes acquainted with “a
that great society of the world, the high society of swell official of the church," otherwise the bishop
distinguished men and women who exist no more, (who is the real power behind the collegiate throne),
but who touched history with a light hand, and left and, what is more important, with the bishop's..
their mark upon it in a host of memoirs and letters daughter, He also becomes acquainted with a poli-
that we read to-day with a starved and homesick tician of the demagogic type, who was formerly an
longing in the midst of our sullen welter of demo- employe of the local traction company, and is now
cracy. With its silent houses and gardens, its silent a candidate for the mayoralty of the city. Hence
streets, its silent vistas of the blue water in the sun the book in which Mr. Herbert M. Hopkins has
shine, this beautiful, sad place was winning my heart told of these matters is entitled “The Mayor of
and making it ache. Nowhere else in America Warwick.” After the pace of the narrative is fairly
such charm, such character, such true elegance as set, it transpires that the bishop's daughter has been
here—and nowhere else such an overwhelming sense secretly married to the demagogue for two years.
of finality! -- the doom of a civilization founded upon But before this fact comes to the professor's knowl-
a crime. And yet, how much has the ballot done edge he has fallen in love with the young woman,
for that race ? Or, at least, how much has the and she has become somewhat interested in him,
ballot done for the majority of that race ? And having long since repented of her rash marriage.
what way was it to meet this problem with the Here is a pretty complication, which is supposed to
sudden sweeping folly of the Fifteenth Amendment ? be finally disentangled by the cheap and convenient
To Aling the door of hope' wide open before those expedient of an action for divorce. The author,
within had learned the first steps of how to walk we understand, is charged with having made “copy
safely through it! Ah, if it comes to blame, who out of persons and incidents well-known in Hart-
goes scatheless in this heritage of error ? ” But we ford, which may readily be believed by anyone who
must not give the impression that Mr. Wister has recalls the unblushing fashion in which, in a pre-
been writing a sociological tract; he has, on the vious novel, he used (and perverted) the materials
contrary, given us a very pretty story of the ram of his observation of university life in California.


366
[June 1.
THE DIAL
Mr. Frederick Palmer combines in admirable a mistaken comparison of the Russian calendar with
balance the functions of war-correspondent and that used elsewhere in the civilized world. A
novelist. When the piping times of peace are at trivial error, no doubt, but it compels a moment's
hand; he will sit down to his desk and write you as attention. We are with the hero from the hour of
pretty a story as you could wish to read in an idle his birth, and we toil through lengthy chapters,
hour, and when the war-trumpet sounds, he will discursive in substance and heavy in manner of
sally forth until he is in the thick of the scrimmage presentation, before he is brought to the verge of
collecting observations for a graphic portrayal of manhood. Then, by slow degrees, he becomes more
the scene of carnage. It is this dual activity that and more interesting, until we approach the tragic
now gives us “ Lucy of the Stars” as a successor to climax, when interest gives place to absorption, and
“With Kuroki in Manchuria." We like Mr. we realize that the difficulties which beset the open-
Palmer's portrait of the imaginary Lucy, as we liked ing of the narrative were perhaps necessary to the
his portrait of the real Kuroki, but we object most scheme of portrayal. As a study of the artistic
strenuously to the fate that he has bestowed upon temperament, based to a certain extent upon the life
her. It is true that Carniston is a weak creature, of Tschaikowsky - although more upon his works
undeserving of her love, since he rejects it to become than upon the facts of his external history — the
a mere fortune-hunter, but the story is nevertheless book offers us a delineation of remarkable subtlety
progressing toward a chastened romantic reconcili and sympathetic insight. The story is a sad one
ation between the two, when he abruptly abandons a story must necessarily be sad which aims to depict
her for the second time, and elects to marry the the character that finds expression in the Pathetic
American heiress. We also object to the wanton Symphony, and ends with the self-destruction of
killing, in a railway accident, of the American poli- the protagonist. Being concerned with the life
tician who loves the aforesaid heiress, both because musical, the writer has much to say about music,
his is the most sympathetic masculine figure in the and her opinions range all the way from those which
novel, and because the heiress does not deserve so reveal a genuine appreciation of musical beauty to
cruel a blow. Since the story itself is so unsatis those which show nothing but blindness of vision.
factorily managed, about all that is left for our The latter part of this statement must be justified
enjoyment is Lucy herself, but she has our unquali- by a quotation, and here it is. The subject of the
fied allegiance from first to last. The story is more comment is Mozart, and we are told of “the simple,
than worth reading for her sake, even if its outcome wearisome, weakly-flowing syrup of obviousness,
does rudely shock our romantic sensibilities. which constitutes the secret of that master's popu-
What will the novelist do when Southwestern larity.” With these amazing words are we directed
Europe becomes frank and obvious, like unto the to the very Holy of Holies of the musician's place
rest of the tourist-ridden Continent, and it is no of worship! Arnold's description of Shelley as an
longer possible to carve out a mysterious Zenda or " ineffectual angel” becomes by comparison a pro-
Graustark from its recesses? We have had much found critical pronouncement.
joy in these imaginary principalities since the The legendary settlement of Norumbega is the
fashion of exploiting them began with Mr. Hope's scene of “Randvar the Songsmith,” the latest of the
“Prisoner," and Crevonia, the latest of them to Norse romances of Miss Liljencrantz. The time is
appear as a candidate for our favor, is quite as inter that of the Norman Conquest, and the scene is pre-
esting as the others. Mr. Ervin Wardman is the sumably the present Rhode Island, for the old En-
inventor, or discoverer, or patentee, of this latest glish mill at Newport is reinvested with its legendary
addition to romantic geography, and “The Princess attribution of Norse origin, and made to serve as a
Olga” is the name given to his chronicle. The hero home for the hero. This minstrel-hero is a King's
is an American, a mining engineer, and a very son who lives a sort of hermit existence until he is
Napoleon of his profession. He proves equally drawn into the train of the chieftain of Norumbega.
adept in executive ability, strategy and "bluff," and In his subsequent relation to Jarl Helvin, his part
we are serenely confident from the start that he will is that of a David to his master's Saul, for the Jarl
succeed in whatever he sets out to accomplish. has accessions of madness, and only the minstrel's
Since one of these objects is to win the Princess songs can soothe him. Randvar is like David in
Olga, we care little for the trifling fact that she is another respect also, for he has a keen eye for the
the avowed opponent of his plans, even going so far beauty of woman, and it is for the sake of the fair
as to shoot him at a certain critical juncture. Of but haughty Brynhild, Helvin's sister, that he de-
course she succumbs in the end, resigns her kingdom serts solitude for the life of the court. It is needless
to the bankers, and prepares to share the hero's life to say that his passion is finally rewarded, and that
in the new world. The story is compact of in- Brynhild's pride dissolves in tenderness.
trigue, adventure, and general nervous excitement ; pretty story that Miss Liljencrantz has told, and has
it is a capital production of its sort, and the most many elements of popularity. It exemplifies, of
jaded novel- reader will not fall asleep while read course, the artificial romantic convention, but only
a pedant would find fault with it on that score.
* The Genius,” a novel which portrays the life “A Motor Car Divorce," by Miss Louise Closser
and death of a great musician, opens unhappily with | Hale, tells the story of a tour in Italy, undertaken
It is a
ing it.
-


1906.]
367
THE DIAL
by a married pair of ten years' conjugal experience, The first five books of Cæsar's “Gallic War," edited
who make an amicable agreement to separate, and
by Professor H. W. Johnston and Mr. F. W. Sanford,
plan the journey as a probable means of supplying
form a new volume in the “ Students' Series of Latin
a colorable showing of grievances. The idea of the Classics,” published by Messrs. B. H. Sanborn & Co.
divorce is the wife's alone, but the husband gives his
The Mimes of Herodas, recovered fourteen years ago
acquiescence with suspicious cheerfulness. Of course
from an Egyptian tomb, have been translated into pleas-
we know that nothing of the sort will ever happen,
ingly idiomatic English verse by Mr. Hugo Sharpley,
but the situation lends itself to enough effective light Realist of the Xgean."
and published by Mr. David Nutt under the title, “ A
comedy to make an entertaining story. The chief Messrs. G. P. Putnam's Sons announce that they have
ingredients thereof are modern slang, trivial humor, taken the agency for the United States for the publica-
frothy sentiment, and pickings of guide-book infor tions of the University Press (the Pitt Press) of Cam-
mation.
bridge, England, and from the first of next month will
From the romance of sixteenth-century France to be prepared to fill orders for these.
the realism of modern New York is a long step,
A volume of “Studies in Modern German Litera-
but Miss Runkle has taken it in giving us “The
ture,” by Dr. Otto Heller, is published by Messrs. Ginn
Truth about Tolna," as a successor to “The Helmet
& Co. It is devoted chiefly to a consideration of Messrs.
of Navarre.” At first, it seems that she has at least
Hauptmann and Sudermann, but includes also a chapter
provided us with a romantic hero, for Tolna is an
on the women writers of recent years.
Mr. Frederick Strange Kolle has made, and the Graf-
operatic singer with long hair and a soulful voice,
ton Press has published, a blank-verse translation of
whose tenor notes touch to rapture many calloused
Ochlenschläger's beautiful romantic tragedy of “Axel
(feminine) souls in the metropolitan purgatory. He and Valberg," a poem which needs only to be read to be
is presented to us, moreover, as a patriotic Hungarian, loved. Both the Danish and the German forms of the
burning with love for his oppressed country, and work appear to have been used by the translator.
standing proudly aloof from the petty preoccupations Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons have begun the pub-
of everyday humanity. But alas for our delusions! lication of a “pocket edition ” of Sir George Meredith's
He is not a Hungarian at all, but a native of New books, to be completed in sixteen volumes. “ Richard
York, and the patriotic-poetic business is merely a
Feverel," « Diana of the Crossways," “Vittoria," and
scheme of his unscrupulous manager. He has a
“Sandra Belloni” are the volumes which begin the series.
marvellous voice but a commonplace individuality,
They are engaging and companionable little books.
“ Patriotism and the New Internationalism,” by Mrs.
and his natural speech is the debased dialect of
modern society and the modern newspaper. His
Lucia Ames Mead, is published by Messrs. Ginn & Co.
for the International Union. It is a stout pamphlet,
New York engagement results in a renewal of
containing four essays devoted to the inculcation of true
relations with a sweetheart of his childhood, and a ideals as distinguished from sham ones, and concluding
love-match is the natural consequence.
Another with some suggestions for school exercises that will be
love-match is arranged between the unscrupulous
found of the highest helpfulness.
manager already mentioned and a capricious heiress, “ The Miracles of Our Lady Saint Mary,” translated
and the two affairs are delayed in their consumma-
by Miss Evelyn Underhill, is a recent publication of
tion until the narrative has been spun out to the
Messrs E. P. Ďutton & Co. These “ fairy tales of medi-
requisite length. This frothy story is moderately
æval Catholicism” are translated from various sources,
entertaining, but is not to be taken seriously from
and, of course, offer only a selection from the entire
cycle, which would fill many such volumes as this.
any point of view.
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. Miss Underhill's translation gives us an exquisite
piece of literary workmanship, and the publishers have
put it into a form delightful to the sense.
In the absence of an autobiography of Henrik Ibsen,
NOTES.
of which nothing definite appears to be known, the most
authentic account of his life and work is that of his fel-
“The Sphinx's Lawyer” is the title of a new novel low-countryman Henrik Jæger, for which Ibsen himself
by Frank Danby which the Frederick A. Stokes Co. will
supplied material. A translation of this work by Mr.
publish this month.
William Morton Payne was published in this country
Mr. Henry Frowde publishes an edition, with preface, some years ago by Messrs. A. C. McClurg & Co.; and
notes, and glossary, of " Pierce the Ploughmans Crede,"
this work now appears with additional matter by the
edited by the Rev. Walter W. Skeat.
translator bringing the biographical and critical account
The publication of Dr. George Brandes's Reminis practically down to date.
cences, which were to have been issued this month, has
Some acceptable additions to the “Caxton Thin
been postponed until the early autumn.
Paper Classics,” imported by the Messrs. Scribner, have
“Dante Gabriel Rossetti,” by Mr. H. W. Singer, is recently been made. Most acceptable of all, perhaps,
the latest edition to the “ Langham Series of Art Mono is the three-volume edition of Byron, classified under the
graphs,” imported by Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons. heads of “Longer Poems," “Shorter Poems,” and
The Smithsonian Report for 1904 has for its chief “ Satires and Dramas." Other new volumes in this
feature a “ History of American Geology,” by Mr. series give us Addison's “ Essays" and Lamb's “Let-
George P. Merrill, with many portraits and other illus ters”; while in the “ Pocket Classics," of nearly the
trations, and an appended biographical dictionary of same form, we have “ The Sacred Poems of Henry
American geologists.
Vaughan,” and Keble’s “Lyra Innocentium.”


368
[June 1,
THE DIAL
ONE HUNDRED NOVELS FOR SUMMER
READING.
A DESCRIPTIVE GUIDE TO THE SEASON'S
BEST FICTION,
ALEXANDER, ELEANOR. The Lady of the Well. Longmans,
Green, & Co. $1.50.
A tale of love and adventure in Sonthern Europe during
the Middle Ages.
ANDREWS, MARY RAYMOND SHIPMAN. Bob and the Guides.
Illustrated. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
The various entertaining adventures of a lively and orig-
inal small boy, and, incidentally, of many grown-up people,
on a camping tour in the woods.
BACHELLER, IRVING. Silas Strong: Emperor of the Woods.
With frontispiece. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
Silas Strong, a humorous philosopher of the Adirondacks,
the patient woman he has silently wooed for many years, and
the two motherless children to whom he is guardian, are the
principal characters.
BAILLIE-SAUNDERS, MARGARET. Saints in Society. G. P. Put-
nam's Sons. $1.50.
A story of the effect upon a young printer and his wife of
sudden accession to wealth, title, and social success. In their
changed circumstances each meets a "kindred soul,” and the
perilous relations of the four characters result in an entangle-
ment of plot.
BARBOUR, A. MAYNARD. Breakers Ahead. J. B. Lippincott
Co. $1.50.
An American story of to-day, the central figure of which is
a man of force and cleverness but selfish and strong-willed
BARNES-GRUNDY, MABEL. Hazel of Heatherland. Baker &
Taylor Co. $1.50.
A simple romantic story of a girl who grows up in the
narrow but charming environment of English rural life
among people of striking individuality.
BEACH, REX E. The Spoilers. Illustrated. Harper & Brothers.
$1.50.
The plot turns on a gigantic conspiracy to dispossess the
original claimants of the Northern gold-fields of their rich
mining properties.
BELL, LILIAN. Carolina Lee. Illustrated in color. L. C. Page
& Co. $1.50.
Carolina is a fascinating American girl, riding on the top
wave of success in New York society. A financial catastrophe
leaves her without money, and her only material asset an old,
run-down plantation in Virginia. Undaunted she goes South
to rebuild her fortune, and succeeds.
BINDLOSS, HAROLD. Alton of Somasco. Illustrated. Frederick
A. Stokes Co. $1.50.
A story of the pioneers of the great Northwest, telling how
the aristocratic standards of a young girl were put to shame
by the code of a rancher.
BOGGS, SARA E. Sand peep: A Story of the Maine Coast. Illus-
trated. Little, Brown, & Co. $1.50.
The scene is the northeastern coast of Maine, and the
character around which the tale centres is a fisher-girl.
BOYCE, NEITH. The Eternal Spring. Illustrated. Fox, Duffield
& Co. $1.50.
This new story by the author of "The Forerunner" is a
tale of love against an Italian background, with Americans
as the leading characters. Most of the action takes place
in a villa just outside of Florence, owned by a young American
widow.
BOYD, MARY STUART. The Misses Make-Believe. Henry Holt
& Co. $1.50.
A tale of two Devonshire gentlewomen, who attempted the
conquest of London on slim means. Its unobtrusive moral
is that more may be gained by sincere living than by strug-
gling for the meretricious.
BRADY, CYRUS TOWNSEND. The Patriots. Illustrated in color.
Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
A story of the American Civil War. General Lee is a lead-
ing character, and the battles of Gettysburg and Spottsyl-
vania are given full description.
BROOKS, MANSFIELD. The Newell Fortune. John Lane Co. $1.50.
A story dealing with the wealth accumulated by a New
England family and the effect upon the heir wrought by the
discovery of what the source of his wealth had been.
BROWN, ALICE. The Court of Love. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
$1.25.
The heroine of this little comedy is a lovely girl, and it is
her peculiar whims and fancies that lead to the curious entan-
glements which concern all the characters.
BROWN, KENNETH. Sirocco. Mitchell Kennerley. $1.50.
Describes the adventures of a young American trader while
engaged in rescuing an English girl from the harem of the
Sultan of Sirocco.
BROWN, VINCENT. The Sacred Cup. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50.
The story of a mature woman, refined, strong, and good,
confronted with the fact that the man whom she is engaged
to marry has been guilty of a shameful sin.
BURGESS, GELETT. A Little Sister of Destiny. Houghton,
Miffin & Co. $1.50.
A young American heiress, finding herself quite alone in
the world and being possessed with a spirit of adventure, seeks
out and befriends people in various walks of life which she
herself enters in disguise.
CASTLE, AGNES and EGERTON. If Youth But Knew. Illustrated.
Macmillan Co. $1.50.
A romantic tale of old days, by the authors of “ The Pride of
Jennico, Sweet Kitty Bellairs," and other popular books.
CHAMBERS, ROBERT W. The Tracer of Lost Persons. Illustrated.
D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
A humorous story of how a clubman got a wife by looking
for an ideal.
CHAPIN, ANNA ALICE. Hearts and Creeds: A Romance of
Quebec. Illustrated. Little, Brown, & Co. $1.50.
The plot deals with the marriage of Arline Lord, a Prot-
estant girl, and Amedee Lelau, a Catholic. The author is
thoroughly familiar with Canadian life, and her new story is
an intimate study of the social and political life of Quebec.
CHENEY, WARREN. The Challenge. Illustrated. Bobbs-Merrill
Co. $1.50.
A story of Alaska, when it was a Russian possession. The
scene is laid at one of the trading posts of a great fur com-
pany, the characters being Russians in the company's employ.
COOKE, JANE GROSVENOR. The Ancient Miracle. Illustrated.
A. S. Barnes & Co. $1.50.
A tale of the Northern Wilderness, full of the mystery and
impressiveness of a great forest.
CUTTING, MARY STEWART. More Stories of Married Life. With
frontispiece. McClure, Phillips & Co. $1.25.
A new collection of comedies and tragedies of commuter
life, by the author of "Little Stories of Courtship" and
Little Stories of Married Life."
ELLIS, ELIZABETH. Barbara Winslow, Rebel. Illustrated. Dodd,
Mead & Co. $1.50.
The heroine is an English girl whose brother has joined
the rebel army of the Duke of Monmouth. Her adventurous
love affair with an officer in the King's army supplies the plot.
FARRER, REGINALD J. The House of Shadows. Longmans,
Green, & Co. $1.50.
A story of modern English life with a background of social
and clerical life.
FROTHINGHAM, EUGENIA BROOKS. The Evasion. Houghton,
Miffin & Co. $1.50.
The life of the rich and idle social set of Boston is here
depicted. The chief character is a wealthy young man whose
reputation is ruined by an accusation of cheating at cards.
GRANT, ROBERT. The Law Breakers. Charles Scribner's Sons.
$1.25.
A collection of seven short stories, including besides the
title story the following: "St. George and the Dragon,"
Exchange of Courtesies," "The Romance of a Soul," "Against
his Judgment," "A Surrender," and "Across the Way."
GREEN, ANNA KATHARINE. The Woman in the Alcove. Illus-
trated. Bobbs-Merrill Co. $1.50.
A new detective story by the author of “The Millionaire
Baby" and other novels. It has to do with the efforts of a
young girl to prove the innocence of her lover, accused of an
atrocious murder.
HAINS, T. JENKINS. The Voyage of the Arrow. Illustrated.
L. C. Page & Co. $1.50.
An account of the voyage of the ship “Arrow" to the
China seas, its adventures and perils, including its capture by
pirates, as set down by its chief mate.
HARRADEN, BEATRICE. The Scholar's Daughter. With frontis-
piece. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
Life in a quiet English town is depicted in this new novel
by the author of "Ships that Pass in the Night.” The prin-
cipal characters are an antiquated scholar and his gay and
irrepressible daughter.
HARRY, MYRIAM. The Conquest of Jerusalem: A Novel of To-
day. Herbert B. Turner & Co. $1.50.
A story having for its main theme the social life in the
European colony at Jerusalem, with its religious bickerings
and persecutions of an eminent archæologist who is working
to unearth the past.
"" An


1906.]
369
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HENRY, O. The Four Million. McClure, Phillips & Co. $1.
The "four million" are the inhabitants of Manhattan
Island, whom Mr. Henry depicts with his usual keen humor
and eye for character.
HOLLAND, RUPERT SARGENT. The Count at Harvard. L. C.
Page & Co. $1.50.
An account of the adventures of a young gentleman of
fashion at Harvard University, “The Count” is not a for-
eigner, but is the nickname of one of the principal characters
in the book.
HOPKINS, HERBERT M. The Mayor of Warwick. With frontis-
pięce in color. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50.
A story of present-day political and college life in an up-
to-date New England college town-said to be Hartford.
HOPKINS, WILLIAM J. The Clammer. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
$1.25.
A simple little love story, told with much distinction of
style, of a witty recluse who loves to dig his own clams.
HUTTEN, BETTINA VON Pam Decides. Illustrated. Dodd, Mead
& Co. $1.50.
A sequel to the same author's "Pam,” tracing this fasci-
nating heroine through her absorption in the artistic and
bohemian set of London and her life in Ireland.
LANCASTER, G. B. The Spur; or, The Bondage of Kin Severne.
Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.50.
The story of Kin Severne, New Zealand sheep shearer and
man of genius, who sold his future to another man to get a
chance to prove himself.
LANE, ELINOR MACARTNEY. All for the Love of a Lady. Nlus-
trated. D. Appleton & Co. $1.25.
The story of a lady who lived in Scotland in the days when
Charles was King of England. The lady has three worthy
lovers-one a man and the others two little boys.
LEE, JENNETTE. Uncle William, the Man that Was Shif'less.
With frontispiece. Century Co. $1.
Uncle William is an old Nova Scotia fisherman into whose
retired life comes a New York artist. The scene shifts from
Uncle William's lonely home on a rocky coast to New York,
whither Uncle William goes on learning of the illness of his
artist friend.
LEWIS, ALFRED HENRY. The Throwback. Illustrated. Outing
Publishing Co. $1.50.
A romantic story of the Southwest in the days when the
buffalo roamed the plains, when the Indian council fires still
smoked, and the cowboy's life was one of continuous hazard.
LILJENCRANTZ, OTTILIE A. Randvar the Songsmith: A Romance
of Norumbega. With frontispiece in color. Harper & Bro-
thers. $1.50.
A romance of the time of the Norsemen in America, based
on the legends clustering around the old tower at Newport.
The hero of the tale is a "songsmith" by nature, with the
soul of a poet and the courage of a true and stalwart man.
LINCOLN, JOSEPH C. Mr. Pratt. A. S. Barnes & Co. $1.50.
The hero is a modest clam digger who endeavors to ini.
tiate two Wall Street brokers and their valet into the myster-
ies of the “natural life."
LLOYD, NELSON. Six Stars. Illustrated. Charles Scribner's
Sons. $1.50.
Six Stars is a little village in a Pennsylvania valley. The
quaint and amusingly shrewd characters, their lives, their
jokes, and their romances make up the story.
LONG, JOHN LUTHER. The Way of the Gods. Macmillan Co. $1.50.
A new story of Japanese life, by the author of "Madame
Butterfly," etc.
LORIMER, GEORGE HORACE. The False Gods. Illustrated. D.
Appleton & Co. $1.25.
“A tale of old Egypt and little old New York,” describing
the adventures of an energetic newspaper reporter in the
halls of a Society of Egyptologists.
LUBBOCK, BASIL. Jack Derringer: A Tale of Deep Water. E. P.
Dutton & Co. $1.50.
A sea tale describing the adventures of a “shanghaied ”
cowpuncher on a deep water cruise. The story deals with a
trip around the Cape and later with the South Seas.
LYNDE, FRANCIS. The Quickening. Hlustrated. Bobbs-Merrill
Co. $1.50.
The title refers to the spiritual awakening of a young
Southerner. The scene is laid in the mountains of Tennessee.
MOCARTHY, JUSTIN HUNTLY. The Flower of France. Harper &
Brothers. $1.50.
This is the story of Joan of Arc, charmingly retold. The
Maid of France is represented not as the mailed warrior or
half-mad fanatic, but as a simple peasant-girl, fresh and
strong and sweet.
McCUTCHEON, GEORGE BARR. Cowardice Court. Illustrated in
color. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.25.
A tale of love and adventure in the Adirondack Mountains,
by the author of “Graustark," "Nedra," etc.
MACDONALD, RONALD. The Sea Maid. Henry Holt & Co. $1.50.
After the opening chapter in rural England, the story
shifts to a treasure ship, and later to an island in the Pacific.
An English lord and the half-wild but adorable daughter of a
castaway English bishop and his prim wife are the leading
characters.
McIvor, ALLAN. The Mechanic: A Romance of Steel and Oil.
New York: William Ritchie. $1.50.
The story of how John Worth, the mechanic, acquires an
education; how he battles with the magnates of Oil; how he
marries Lurgan's daughter, Catherine, a famous heiress; how
he triumphs over all obstacles, and of right becomes a great
captain of industry.
MACPHAIL, ANDREW. The Vine of Sibmah. Macmillan Co. $1.50.
The adventures of a valiant soldier who, after the Restora-
tion, went seeking a certain winsome woman. Puritan di-
vines and pirates, Jesuits and Quakers, soldiers and savages
make up the characters.
MARCHMONT, ARTHUR W. By Wit of Woman. Illustrated in
color, etc. Frederick A. Stokes Co. $1.50.
The heroine, who has spent her girlhood in America, re-
turns to Buda-Pesth to vindicate the name of her dead father,
unjustly accused of murder in connection with a plot to restore
the ancient Hungarian monarchy; and there she meets with
many adventures.
MILLS, WEYMER JAY. The Ghosts of their Ancestors. Illus-
trated in color, etc. Fox, Duffield & Co. $1.25.
A satire on the prevalent ancestor worship in America, by
the author of “ Caroline of Courtland Street."
MITCHELL, DR. S. WEIR, A Diplomatic Adventure. With fron-
tispiece. Century Co. $1.
The scene is laid in Paris at the time of the Civil War in
America. The characters include a pretty woman who seeks
the protection of a strange gentleman's cab, three Frenchmen,
and a couple of clever young Americans in their country's
service.
MORSE, MARGARET. The Spirit of the Pines. Houghton, Mifflin
& Co. $1.
A little tragedy enacted amid the fragrance of piney woods
and hilltops in New Hampshire is here told. It is a love story,
a story of nature and of two nature lovers; of a man and a
woman of unusual temperaments, ideals, and affinity.
MUNN, CHARLES CLARK. The Girl from Tim's Place. Illus-
trated. Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co. $1.50.
The transformation of “Chip" McGuire from a young girl
found at a New England wilderness half-way house, known
as “Tim's place,” into a beautiful and cultivated young
woman is the central theme of the book.
OLMSTEAD, STANLEY. The Nonchalante. Henry Holt & Co. $1.25.
A humorous tale of Americans in "Plissestadt," a town
the original of which is probably Liepzig. The author is a
talented pianist, and draws much of his material from his
own experiences while a student in Germany.
OPPENHEIM, E. PHILLIPS. A Maker of History. Illustrated.
Little, Brown, & Co. $1.50.
Important personages in the diplomatic and official life of
England, France, Germany, and Russia have a place in the
story; and the ingenuity of the secret police of three countries
is involved in the maze of incident, plot, and counter-plot
through which the reader is carried.
PAINE, ALBERT BIGELOW. The Lucky Piece. With frontispiece
in color. Outing Publishing Co. $1.50.
The scene is laid mostly among the Adirondacks. The
Lucky Piece is an old Spanish coin, and it plays an impor-
tant part in the story of how the somewhat idle and blasé
young townsman found himself, through the influence of the
forest and mountain.
PALMER, FREDERICK. Lucy of the Stars. Charles Scribner's
Sons. $1.50.
A story wherein politics and love, tragedy and comedy,
with men and women of varied charm and character, make
up a picture of to-day.
PATERNOSTER, G. SIDNEY. The Cruise of the Conqueror. With
frontispiece in color. L. G. Page & Co. $1.50.
A story continuing the adventures of the principal charac-
ters in Mr. Paternoster's “ Adventures of the Motor Pirate.”
In this volume the motor boat is the means by which the
daring “highwayman” pursues his victims.
PEMBERTON, MAX. My Sword for Lafayette. Illustrated. Dodd,
Mead & Co. $1.50.
An account of the adventures in war and love of Zaida
Kay, a young Frenchman in the service of Lafayette on his
American campaign.


370
[June 1,
THE DIAL
PHILLIPS, HENRY WALLACE. Red Saunders' Pets, and Other
Critters. Illustrated. McClure, Phillips & Co. $1.25.
A new set of humorous tales of the pets and other critters
whom Red Saunders and his crowd were wont to adopt from
time to time.
PHILLIPS, HENRY WALLACE. Mr. Scraggs. Illustrated. Grafton
Press. $1.25.
A new story of Western life by the author of "Red Saun-
ders." Mr. Scraggs is an adventurous individual, whose
mournful appearance belies his jovial disposition.
POLLOCK, FRANK L. The Treasure Trail. With frontispiece.
L. C. Page & Co. $1.25.
The story deals with the search for gold bullion, originally
stolen from the Boer government in Pretoria, and stored in a
steamer sunk somewhere in the Mozambique Channel. Two
different search parties are endeavoring to secure the treasure.
POOLE, ERNEST. The Voice of the Street. Tlustrated. A. S.
Barnes & Co. $1.50.
The scene is New York, and the principal character is a
young man of obscure birth and wayward tendencies who
comes into prominence through his wonderful voice.
POWELL, FRANCES. The Prisoner of Ornith Farm. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
Rescued from an open boat in which she has drifted to sea
off the New England coast, the young heroine has a remark-
able series of adventures at Ornith Farm, whither she is taken
by her abductor.
PRESTON, SIDNEY. Common Ground. Henry Holt & Co. $1.50.
The journal of a gentle bachelor who, in pursuit of happi-
ness, retires to a small farm and to the cares of agriculture
and of raising chickens. The chickens wander into the prem-
ises of a neighbor, also from the city, and the idyll begins.
RHODES, HARRISON GARFIELD. The Lady and the Ladder
Illustrated. Doubleday, Page and Co. $1.50.
The ladder up which this delightful American widow clam-
bers is of course the social one, and her experiences in
trying to climb it make interesting reading.
RICKERT, EDITH. Folly. With frontispiece in color. Baker &
Taylor Co. $1.50.
The heroine is a charming, high-spirited woman of the
artistic temperament, who marries a man more because he
loves her than that she loves him, and so leaves the door
open for temptation in the form of "the other man."
ROBERTSON, HARRISON. The Pink Typhoon. With frontispiece.
Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.
The scene is a city in the Southwest, and the various ex-
cursions made about the neighborhood by a bachelor judge in
his automobile, The Pink Typhoon,” form the basis for the
story.
Root, EDWARD CLARY. Huntington, Jr. Illustrated in color.
Frederick A. Stokes Co. $1.50.
The hero of this romance of to-day" is a young man
who throws himself into the independent reform movement
in politics.
RYAN, MARAH ELLIS. For the Soul of Rafael. Illustrated.
A. O. McClurg & Co. $1.50.
A picturesque romance of Old California. The characters
are all of the fine aristocratic Spanish type, at a period when
Americans were regarded as godless invaders.
SAGE, WILLIAM. The District Attorney. Little, Brown, & Co.
$1.50.
A story dealing with political and financial life in America
at the present time. The principal characters are a great
captain of finance and his son, who play at cross purposes
throughout.
SALTUS, EDGAR. Vanity Square. J. B. Lippincott Co. $1.25.
A story of love and mystery, centering about the sudden
disappearance of the wife and child of a rich young-clubman.
SCOTT, JOHN REED, The Colonel of the Red Huzaars. Illus-
trated. J. B. Lippincott Co. $1.50.
A romance of the "Zenda” type, having to do with the
complicated love affairs of the Princess Dehra of Valeria and
a young American officer.
SEAWELL, MOLLY ELLIOTT. The Chateau of Montplaisir. Ilus-
trated. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
A humorous tale of a young French nobleman, a wealthy
soap-manufacturer who longs for a title, and the daughter of
the latter.
SEDGWICK, ANNE DOUGLAS. The Shadow of Life. Century Co.
$1.50.
A tale of love and spiritual struggle, by the author of "The
Confounding of Camelia," " Paths of Judgment," and other
popular novels.
SELKIRK, EMILY. The Stigma: A Tale of the South. Herbert
B. Turner & Co. $1.50.
A story of life to-day in a small Southern town. The prin-
cipal characters are white Southerners, but the background
of the picture is the negro.
SINCLAIR, UPTON. The Jungle. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.50.
A realistic novel of the sordid working and living condi.
tions in the stock yards district of Chicago.
STEVENSON, BURTON. The Girl with the Blue Sailor. Ilustrated.
Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
The scene opens with the hero's trip to the Catskills for
rest, and the story has mainly to do with his vacation and
the love story that grows out of it. Later the scene shifts to
New York,
STRINGER, ARTHUR. The Wire-Tappers. Illustrated. Little,
Brown, & Co. $1.50.
The hero, an electrical inventor, and the heroine, a beau-
tiful English girl, become involved with a man who attempts
by wire-tapping to beat a pool-room in New York City. The
efforts of the girl to uplift the man she loves and to extricate
him and herself from evil associations make up the story.
STURGIS, HOWARD OVERING. All That Was Possible. With
frontispiece in color. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50.
A story that fulfills its title by showing the hopeless pathos
that is inevitable when social conventionality bars the return
to honorable living.
TAYLOR, C. BRYSON. Nicanor: Teller of Tales. Illustrated in
color. A. C. McClurg & Co. $1.50.
Nicanor, the story-teller, was the son of a wood-cutter who
lived in Britain when the island was ruled by the Romans.
The charm of his voice wins for him the love of two women,
one a slave, the other the daughter of a Roman lord. Of
these two, and of Nicanor's life and deeds, is the story.
THURSTON, LUCY MEACHAM. Called to the Field. Little, Brown,
& Co. $1.50.
The heroine, who tells the story, is a young Virginia girl
just married, dwelling at her country home, rich and happy,
when the Civil War bursts upon her and changes the current
of her life.
TILTON, DWIGHT. The Golden Greyhound. Ilustrated. Loth-
rop, Lee & Shepard Co. $1.50.
An up-to-date story of love and mystery, with wireless
telegraphy and all the modern improvements. The events
nearly all take place on a big Atlantic liner.
TYNAN, KATHARINE. Dick Pentreath. Illustrated. A. C. Mc-
Clurg & Co. $1.25.
A quiet, old-fashioned story of country life in Essex, Eng-
land. The hero is a lovable but ineffectual young fellow, who
has many trials, but comes through them all bravely.
VANCE, LOUIS JOSEPH. The Private War. Illustrated. D. Ap-
pleton & Co. $1.50.
Describes the struggle between a rich young American
and a German attaché in London for the hand of a beautiful
American woman. The story ends in a terrific battle between
torpedo boats in the North Sea.
VAN VORST, MARIE. The Sin of George Warrener. Macmillan
Co. $1.50.
A study of life and manners among people in a suburban
town, by the author of "Amanda of the Mill."
WARD, A. B. The Sage Brush Parson. Little, Brown, & Co.
$1.50.
A western story, depicting the unconventional life in the
sage brush wastes of Nevada. The hero, Clement Vaughan, is
an Englishman, filled with a great enthusiasm for saving
souls, who works zealously among the rough miners of a
little Nevada town.
WARD, MRS. HUMPHRY. Fenwick's Career. Illustrated. Harper
& Brothers. $1.50.
The hero is a young English artist who leaves his wife and
child in Westmoreland, and comes up to London to study.
Here he falls in love with a young married woman, and the
resulting complications make up the story.
WARDMAN, ERVIN. The Princess Olga. Harper & Brothers.
$1.50.
A tale of adventure, describing the experiences of a young
American engineer amid the political plots and complications
of a little independent kingdom of Europe.
WHITE, WILLIAM ALLEN. In Our Town. Illustrated. McClure,
Phillips & Co. $1.50.
Our Town” is an amusing and individual little village in
Kansas, as you will see it in your tour personally conducted by
the editor of a local paper, who introduces you to the show
characters and whispers in your ear their humorous or
pathetic life stories.


1906.]
371
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WILLIAMSON, C. N. and A.M. Lady Betty across the Water. Shell Gatherers. By Katharine Burrill. 12mo, gilt top,
Illustrated in color. McClure, Phillips & Co. $1.50.
pp. 218. E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.25 net,
An Anglo-American romance in the form of a diary of a The Holy Grail : Six Kindred Addresses and Essays. By
bright, vivacious English girl who comes to America under James A. B. Scherer. With frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 210. J. B.
the chaperonage of a leader of the "400" in New York and Lippincott Co. $1.25 net.
Newport.
The Primrose Way. Illus., 8vo, pp. 301. "Mark Twain's
WINTLE, HAROLD. The Cleansing of the Lords. John Lane Co. Library of Humor." Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
$1.50.
The Secret Life : Being the Book of a Heretic. 12mo, pp. 313.
A story of English politics, and English men and women
John Lane Co. $1.50 net.
who move in the inner circles of public affairs. The Prime
Social Eccentricities. By Walter Sonneberg. With portrait,
Minister is a leading character.
12mo, pp. 54. Broadway Publishing Co.
WISTER, OWEN. Lady Baltimore. Illustrated. Macmillan Co.
$1.50.
From the plains and cowboys of "The Virginian" Mr.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
Wister has turned in this new book to a historic city, with
A Book of Songs and Sonnets. Selected from the Poems
present-day youths and maidens of a highly civilized sort as of Thomas Bailey Aldrich. Limited edition; 16mo, uncut,
the characters.
pp. 113. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $5. net.
WRIGHT, MABEL OSGOOD. The Garden, You and I. Macmillan
Everyman's Library. Edited by Ernest Rhys. First vols.:
Co. $1.50.
Boswell's Life of Johnson (2 vols.); Napoleon Buonaparte,
'The Garden of a Com ter's Wife," published anony by John Gibson Lockhart; Andersen's Fairy Tales; A Wonder
mously a few years ago, has been acknowledged by Mrs. Book and Tanglewood Tales, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Peter
Wright, and in this new story she returns to the scence of the Whaler, and The Three Midshipmen, by W.H.G. Kingston
the previous book.
(2 vols.); Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare; Golden Book of
WRIGHT, MARY TAPPAN. The Tower. Charles Scribner's Sons. Marcus Aurelius, trans. by Meric Casaubon; Bacon's Essays;
$1.50.
Biographia Literaria, by Samuel Taylor Coleridge; Emerson's
A love story, and a picture of life in a college community Essays, first and second series; Essays in Literature and
taken from the faculty instead of the student side.
History, by James Anthony Froude; Lamb's Essays of Elia;
Harold, and The Last of the Barons, by Sir Edward Bulwer
Lytton (2 vols.); Ivanhoe, by Sir Walter Scott; Cressy and
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
Poictiers, by J. G. Edgar; The Household of Sir Thomas More,
by Anne Manning, with Roper's.Life of More; Westward Ho!
[The following list, containing 150 titles, includes books by Charles Kingsley; The Cloister and the Hearth, by Charles
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
Reade; Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield
Park, Northanger Abbey and Persuasion, Emma, by Jane
Austen (5 vols.); The Wild Ass's Skin, by Honoré de Balzac,
BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES.
trans. by Ellen Marriage; Adam Bede, by George Eliot;
Recollections of Thirteen Presidents. By John S. Wise. Ravenshoe, by Henry Kingsley; Barchester Towers, by
With portraits, large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 284. Doubleday, Anthony Trollope; Carlyle's French Revolution (2 vols.); Hig-
Page & Co. $2.50 net.
tory of the Byzantine Empire, by George Finlay; Macaulay's
The Life of a Star. By Clara Morris. 12mo, pp. 363. McClure, History of England (3 vols.); Sermons on Religion and Life,
Phillips & Co. $1.50 net.
Sermons on Bible Subjects, Sermons on Christian Doctrine, by
A Friend of Marie Antoinette (Lady Atkyns). Trans. from
F. W. Robertson (3 vols.); Sermons by Hugh Latimer; Poems
the French of Frédéric Barbey; with a Preface by Victorien
and Plays of Browning, 1833-1864 (2 vols.); Golden Book of
Sardou. With portraits, large 8vo, uncut, pp. 252. E. P.
Coleridge; Poems of Tennyson, 1830-1863; Le Morte d'Arthur,
Dutton & Co. $3. net.
by Sir Thomas Malory (2 vols.); Man's Place in Nature, and
Herbert Spencer. By J. Arthur Thomson, M.A. With pho-
Other Essays, by Thomas Henry Huxley; Natural History of
togravure portrait, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 284. "English Men of
Selborne, by Gilbert White; Wild Wales, by George Borrow;
Science." E. P. Dutton & Co. $1. net.
Journal of the Discovery of the Source of the Nile, by John
Hanning Speke. Each 16mo. E. P. Dutton & Co. Per vol.,
Walter Pater. By A. C. Benson. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 226.
50 cts.
English Men of Letters.” Macmillan Co. 75 cts. net.
The Works of Flavius Josephus. Trans. by William
Heroes of Discovery in America. By Charles Morris.
Whiston; newly edited by D.S. Margoliouth, D. Litt. Large
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PUBLISHED
BY
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
64-66 Fifth Ave.,
NEW YORK


THE DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
PAGE
No. 480.
JUNE 16, 1906. Vol. XL. made vaguely uncomfortable by such glimpses
of the eternal verities as he gets when he at-
tempts to share the vision of some great spirit,
CONTENTS.
restores the balance of his self-satisfaction by
charging the poet with heartlessness, or cynicism,
IBSEN INTIME
379
or cold selfishness, or some other disagreeable
COMMUNICATIONS
380 quality. Among the writers of our own time,
A Distinguished Editorial Career. W. H. Johnson.
Ibsen has been particularly singled out as the
A New Theory of English Metre. Edward P. target for this sort of criticism, yet we imagine
Morton.
that Jung-Stilling's words about Goethe would
closely fit Ibsen's case also, and that it is the
A ROLLICKING IRISH STORY-TELLER. Percy
critics themselves who are really chargeable with
F. Bicknell.
382
defective sympathies.
NEW THEORIES OF THE EARTH'S HISTORY.
Ibsen presented, no doubt, a somewhat grim
H. Foster Bain
384
front to the world of superficial observers, and
LORD RANDOLPH CHURCHILL. E. D. Adams 385
the comparative solitude of soul in which he
worked out his problems upon the ethical chess-
LIFE-SAVING AS A MILITARY SCIENCE. board was reflected in the hermit-like habit of his
William Elliot Griffis.
388 visible existence. But all this was nothing more
A PHILOSOPHICAL RADICAL ON THE GREEK
than the iron restraint demanded by his self-
STAGE. F. B. R. Hellems
389 | imposed task; he felt himself bound to husband
and concentrate his energies ; he did not dare
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
391
to squander any considerable fraction of them
Thoughtful studies of past, present, and future.
upon barren social interests and relationships.
The Jew in Southern life and society. - On the
He had sufficient strength of will to make this
nature and origin of living matter. The best
reading at smallest cost. — Tales of the old South sacrifice, but there is much reason to believe that
west border.—Two examples of the book beautiful. he felt it keenly, and that volcanic fires were
- Mr. Andrew Lang on Sir Walter Scott. — Indis-
at play beneath the cold crust of his outward
pensable to the European tourist. — Organ music,
seeming. Is not this what we really mean when
its history and development. - Autobiography of
a Russian revolutionist.
we speak of any man as “crusty,” and is not the
word, rightly considered, a term of praise rather
NOTES
395 than of reproach?
Whoever reads with discernment the plays
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
396
and poems of Ibsen will have no difficulty in
finding passages which reveal the warmest of
human sympathies, passages which fairly throb
IBSEN INTIME.
with the feelings of a singularly sensitive nature.
“Goethe's heart, which few knew, was as Not only the romantic effusions of his early man-
great as his intellect, which all know.” This hood, but the ripest of the series of dramatic
was Jung-Stilling's tribute to the
personality of
social studies yield such fruit as this. And
the great poet who is often taken as the type of the ineffable tenderness of certain scenes in
Olympian detachment from the petty preoccu-
“ Brand” and “ Peer Gynt” most emphatically
pations of ordinary humanity. It is the fate of give the lie to the assertion that their author
genius to be misunderstood by the commonalty. was a “cold hater of his kind,” a morose and
The loftier its expression, and the more sweeping heartless spectator of the tragi-comedy of life.
its universality, the less does genius concern These scenes make us feel that he had to sub-
itself with those accidents of life which are the ject himself to strong compulsion to keep from
whole, or nearly the whole, of existence to the lapsing into an emotionalism that would have
commonplace multitude.
The average man,
defeated the essential purpose of his work, and


380
(June 16,
THE DIAL
to ignore them is to be wilfully blind to his deep The real Ibsen is very apparent in the two
est teachings.
family letters from which quotation has just been
These revelations of the Ibsen intime who made. And it is apparent in many scattered
was conjoined with the dramatic technician are passages concerning his domestic affairs, pas-
clear enough for all except the most careless sages which reveal the sympathetic aspect of his
observers, and they may readily be corroborated relations with his wife, and the solicitude with
by the sort of personal evidence which has to be which he superintended the education of his only
our sole reliance in the case of men who produce son. There is also the evidence of a real genius
no works whereby they may be judged. We for friendship in the letters to Brandes, Hegel,
can recall many instances of pilgrims, often total and a few others even in the letters to and
strangers, who have sought out “the old bard about Björnson, for Ibsen's break with the latter
in the solitary house," and returned to tell of was an affair of the intellect, which, although it
the sincerity of their reception and the warmth tugged at his heart-strings, did not tear them
of their welcome. Their report has been of no asunder. It is true that Ibsen did not admit
ogre, but of a human being, wrapped indeed in many friends to his intimacy — deeming them
simple dignity, but the embodiment of kindly a luxury denied him by his sacred mission, - but
human sympathies and interests.
he grappled the chosen few to his soul with
When we turn to the recently-published let- hoops of steel. And if he did not freely give
ters of the great Norwegian, we shall find no lack himself to others in life, he assuredly did so in
of the personal element needed as a corrective of his books, which need only to be read aright to
the impression produced by the works alone. reveal a rich and many-sided personality rather
Here are some extracts from a letter addressed than the coldly intellectual monster of popular
to his sister:
legend.
“Months have passed since I received your kind let-
ter - and only now do I answer it. But so much stands
between and separates us, separates me from home.
COMMUNICATIONS.
Understand this, please, and do not think that it is in-
difference which has kept me silent all these long years,
A DISTINGUISHED EDITORIAL CAREER.
and even this summer. I cannot write letters; I must
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
be near in person and give myself wholly and entirely. Editorial continuity is so rare a virtue in the period-
... So our dear old mother is dead. I thank you for ical literature of the time that one might well be par-
having so lovingly fulfilled the duties which were in doned for forgetting that it exists at all. Even the
cumbent on us all. You are certainly the best. I do permanence of an individual editor is no guarantee of
a great deal of wandering about the world. Who knows permanence in editorial policy, for editors themselves
but that I may come to Norway next summer; then I are often prone to strike the momentarily popular note.
must see the old home to which I still cling with so In a period of such capricious change, a long career of
many roots. Give father my love; explain to him about editorial work upon lines wisely chosen and consistently
me — all that you understand so well, and that he per maintained constitutes one of the most valuable services
haps does not. Do not think that I lack the warmth which it is in the power of an educated and thoughtful
of heart which is the first requisite where a true and citizen to render to American life and literature.
vigorous spiritual life is to thrive.”
Length and quality of service both considered, we
Side by side with this letter we must place know no more honorable example of such a career than
the one of eight years later, written upon receipt constrained to pass over to younger shoulders the edi-
that of Mr. Wendell Phillips Garrison, who has felt
of the news of his father's death.
torial responsibility for “ The Nation,” which he has
“ The occasion of my writing you to-day you will, borne so admirably from the initial number down to the
dear uncle, easily guess. The foreign papers and a letter end of the present volume. Associated with the late
from Hedvig have informed me of my old father's Mr. Godkin in all the earlier years of this career, Mr.
death; and I feel impelled to express my heartfelt thanks Garrison applied to the field of literature the same high
to all those of the family whose affectionate assistance standards that his colleague insisted upon in the realm
has made life easier for him for so many years, and who of politics. No literary “fad” was ever reflected in the
have, therefore, done in
my
behalf
my
stead what columns of his paper because it was popular, no shabby
until quite lately I have not been in a position to do. work was praised or condoned through a desire to pro-
. . It has been a great consolation to me to know that pitiate an influential author or publisher. Mr. Garrison's
my parents were surrounded by attached relatives; and editorial plan had no place in it for the exploitation of
the thanks that I now offer for all the kind assistance any individual, least of all of himself. Year after year
rendered to those who are gone, are also due for the « The Nation” has borne to its readers, without the
assistance thereby rendered myself. Yes, dear uncle, slightest indication of authorship, the work of men so
let me tell you, and ask you in turn to tell the others, distinguished in the field of scholarship and letters that
that your and their fulfillment, out of affection for my many periodicals would have blazoned their names across
parents, of what was my bounden duty, has been a great the cover in huge letters as the chief feature of the
support to me during my toils and endeavours, and has issue. Of course there are those who believe in signed
furthered the accomplishment of my work in this world.” rather than unsigned reviews, and have good grounds
or in


1906.]
381
THE DIAL
for their opinion. We do not discuss that question here, only because, under its Protean applications, we have
but merely call attention to Mr. Garrison's unswerving failed to recognize its simplicity.
adherence to his ideal, although he was able to command In 1903, Mr. T. S. Omond issued “ A Study of Metre”
the collaboration of men whose mere names could readily (London: Grant Richards), a thoughtful and acute essay,
have been used to the material advantage of his paper. which seems thus far to have attracted relatively little
His steady aim was to give to “ The Nation ” a character attention. Within a few months, Mr. Omond has again
and influence of its own, wholly independent of the entered the field with a pamphlet entitled “Metrical
various and necessarily changing personalities engaged Rhythm ” (Tunbridge Wells : R. Pelton, 1905), in which
in its production; and in this aim he has achieved a dis he applies his theory to the examination of another
tinguished success. The foundations which he has laid pamphlet, " The Basis of English Rhythm," by Will-
give to his followers a magnificent opportunity. They iam Thomson (Glasgow: W. & R. Holmes, 1904). Mr.
take over a periodical whose influence with its constit Thomson's essay is at least difficult to understand, and
uency, a constituency of exceptional cultivation and unsatisfactory, even after patient study. Mr. Omond's
thoughtfulness, has rarely had its counterpart in the theory, however, seems to me so reasonable and so ade-
history of the American periodical press. They are quate as to deserve open-minded consideration.
men who have observed the methods by which a Mr. Omond's theory is, briefly, that we confuse syl-
great literary institution has been built up, and it is lables, which only mark the time, with the time itself.
safe to assume that they are aware of the hold which The time of the different feet in a line is relatively the
that institution possesses upon the respect and affection same, but this time may be more or less fully taken up
of its constituency. It is to be assumed that they will by the syllables. In Mr. Omond's own words:
take pride in maintaining the high ideals which have “If periods constitute rhythm, they must do so by uniform
had so firm a rooting and so steady a growth under the
succession. Syllables do not supply this absolute recurrence;
their order of succession is changeful, capricious. They need to
direction of Mr. Garrison, and with those ideals to mark
be contrasted with underlying uniformity. That substratum
their general course no one will begrudge them the seems afforded by time. Isochronus periods form the units of
legitimate exercise of their individual gifts in the conduct metre. Syllabic variation gets its whole force from contrast
of the work to which, thanks to efforts of their prede-
with these, is conceivable only in relation to these.” (Study of
Metre, 4.)
cessor, we may call it their distinguished good fortune "Syllables exist before verse handles them, and are not
to have been chosen. As for Mr. Garrison himself, wholly amenable to its handling. They cannot be coaxed to
everyone will hope that the laying down of his editorial
keep exact time, and of course cannot be chopped or carved into
fragments. From this very inability, poets in their unconscious
burden will leave him still many years of health and inspiration draw beauty. They delight us by maintaining a con-
comfort, with physical strength sufficient to put into tinual slight conflict between syllables and time. It must not
permanent form some record of the impressions which
go too far, or the sense of rhythm perishes, and the line becomes
his unique editorial experience of so many years has
heavy, inert, prosy. But within limits the contest is unceasing."
(Metrical Rhythm, 21.)
left upon him.
W. H. JOHNSON. "Accentual scansionists nearly always minimize the differ-
Granville, Ohio, June 12, 1906.
ence between verse and prose. For, taking English syllables by
themselves, there is really no difference. The difference- a real
and true one - lies in the setting. Verse sets syllables to equal
A NEW THEORY OF ENGLISH METRE.
time-measures, prose to unequal. When either poaches on the
other's preserve, we are apt to resent it. One heroic line in prose
(To the Editor of The DIAL.)
may escape notice, but hardly & second. That the difference
Theories of English versification have been so numer-
does not lie in the syllables themselves appears from the fact
that the same sentence may sometimes be read as prose and
ous, so hopelessly contradictory, and so regardless of sometimes as verse. When we first read ' And the doors shall be
passages which nullify their validity, that most students shut in the streets when the sound of the grinding is low,' we
either ignore all theories and follow their own whims or
probably hear it as prose; but once let it be compared with -
'I am out of humanity's reach,
else fall back upon dogma and defy exceptions. In
I must finish my journey alone,'
twenty years, of many books and essays on the subject and it will be difficult ever after not to receive an impression of
only two in English have won anything like unstinted verse." (Ib., 24.)
and general praise; and they are not praised because
Just as the difference between prose and verse is one of
setting, so is the difference between duple and triple metre. It
they have set forth satisfying theories. The delight
depends on how we hear the time-beats. Mr. Thomson says
which most students have taken in Professor Mayor's (foot of p. 36), ‘Had Mr. Lanier or Mr. Omond met Who
“Chapters on English Metre ” is due, I think, rather to would believe" or "Seemed to have known" in Browning's
his willingness to admit other points of view than to
Kentish Sir Byng stood for his king,' they would have had
no doubt at all of its triple character. I should have had no
any great success in explaining contradictory passages. doubt that the words were then set to triple rhythm, because to
Professor Alden's “ English Verse,” although surprising my mind that is clearly the time of Browning's poem; but when
for the amount of its material and the skill with which I meet these phrases in heroic or octosyllabic verse, I read them
it is arranged, is so far from solving the many problems
to a different time. In themselves the syllables are not metrical,
but they can be set to either rhythm. The poem gives rhythm
which it states with great care and precision, that it to the syllables, not the syllables to the poem. 'For poets do not
provoked one well-known writer to suggest, in “The adjust time to syllables, but syllables to time.'” (Ib., 25.)
Atlantic,” his willingness to dispense with theories Almost ever since Mr. Omond's Study appeared, I
altogether.
have been testing his theory upon the numerous puzzling
As a matter of history, it can be shown that the lines with which our good poetry is sown thick. Thus
varying theories held from generation to generation have far it seems to me fairly to meet all difficulties, and to
modified, sometimes in important respects, the practice harmonize apparently conflicting notions in a way that
of our poets. Happily, however, most of our poets have is illuminating and satisfying. I wish very much that
risen superior to the bonds of imperfect theories, and others -would test Mr. Omond's ideas; if he is right,
have left perennially delightful and satisfying poetry. we shall have a more solid basis to build on; if he is
It is hard to believe, therefore, that there is not some wrong or only partly right, honest criticism will cer-
law of verse which is really fundamental, and which has tainly be instructive.
EDWARD P. MORTON.
thus far escaped clear statement and general acceptance Indiana University, June 5, 1906.
..


382
[June 16,
THE DIAL
The New Books.
sudden death thwarted that plan, and now Mr.
Downey himself, making use of many letters
placed at his disposal, essays the portrayal of
A ROLLICKING IRISH STORY-TELLER.* Charles Lever, the author, seeking, as he
says,
Mr. Saintsbury has well said that “person-
to present him “ in a more intimate and pleasing
ally, Lever was doubtless a charming companion, light than the picture which is furnished by Dr.
and for mere companionship his books are
Fitzpatrick.” The preface proceeds in further
charming enough still. Only they must not be explanation :
regarded as books, but simply as reports of the
“ Incidentally many errors into which Dr. Fitzpatrick
conversation of a lively raconteur."
had fallen are corrected, but I am not making any at-
tempt to supersede his painstaking, voluminous, and
True as it is that excessive bookishness is the
interesting biography. Dr. Fitzpatrick declares that his
bane of creative authorship, it is equally beyond book · largely embraces the earlier period of Lever's
question that a little more of this quality in life’; the present work deals mainly with his literary
Lever would have improved the exuberant out life, and contains, especially in the second volume, fresh
and illuminating material which was not disclosed to
put of his rollicking fancy by reducing its chaotic
Lever's previous biographer, and which affords an inti-
extravagance to better form. Thus a good life
mate view of the novelist as he saw himself and his work.”
of our effervescent Irishman might well furnish
The letters of Lever are in much the same
more delight to confirmed book-readers than do
his wonderful attempts at novel-writing. The scrambling style as his books, and from them
biography by Dr. W. J. Fitzpatrick, published duced. Accordingly we are glad to find in the
nothing like a complete life of him could be pro-
twenty-seven years ago, was felt by the family first volume no fewer than 119 pages of Mr.
to be far from faultless. Chronologically inac- Downey's filling-in, as well as 35
pages
from
curate it certainly is, and the complaint has
been raised against it that somehow it tends to
“ The Log-Book of a Rambler," an account of
leave the reader depressed rather than elevated, early European wanderings and German-student
leave the reader depressed rather than elevated, life that originally appeared, in large part, in
which no true picture of the jovial Lever would
“ The Dublin Literary Gazette" at intervals
be expected to do. Mr. Edmund Downey, in
during the year 1830. Mr. Downey's second
his recently issued work, “ Charles Lever : His
volume has far less matter from his own pen.
Life in his Letters," seeks to correct the earlier
In truth, it is safe to say that most readers would
biographer's errors, and by confining himself
mainly to the novelist's own revelations of him. gladly have more of the modest biographer and
less of the not so modest hero of his narrative.
self in his letters, in his early “ Log-Book of a
Comment and criticism, even where we disagree,
Rambler,” and in the autobiographical prefaces make pleasant reading, and help to relieve the
to eight of his novels — prefaces that he wrote
monotony. And monotonous Lever's letters,
in the last year of his life, and therefore unfor-
tunately left incomplete — Mr. Downey has
in spite of their Leveresque qualities, do tend to
become when offered in so generous instalments
produced what seems to be a trustworthy account
of the man, so far as it
as Mr. Downey has seen fit to publish.
and the average
goes ;
As an outline of Lever's life, it may
be con-
reader will probably think, on viewing the two
venient to recall that he was born in Dublin
400-page volumes, that it goes quite far enough. Aug. 31, 1806, as nearly as can now be deter-
mined ; for even this initial date the reckless
the flavor of an ideal biography. But ideal
biographies are as rare as violets in October, left in much uncertainty. He even allowed
Irishman, unregardful of future biographers,
and perhaps the subject in this instance does not
" Men of the Time" to state that he was born
admit of an ideal book. One attraction, how-
ever, it does have for intending buyers : its price company he found in that year. He received
in 1809 — perhaps because of the much good
is less purgative to the purse than that of many
a medical education, and practised successfully
current English two-volume works of like char-
at home and abroad, especially at Brussels,
acter.
With a disinterested desire to secure the best
where he somewhat unwarrantably styled himself
possible life of his hero, Mr. Downey had asked Physician to the British Embassy. For a few
Lever's eldest daughter, Mrs. Nevill, to attempt zine,” an uncongenial task, but from 1845 he
he edited - The Dublin University Maga-
years
the task. This was ten years ago ; but the lady's dwelt almost uninterruptedly abroad, chiefly at
Florence, Spezzia, and Trieste - in a consular
Downey. In two volumes. With portraits. New York: E. P.
capacity at the last two places. His story-writing
:
• CHARLES LEVER: His Life in his Letters.
By Edmund
Dutton & Co.


1906.]
383
THE DIAL
went on meanwhile up to the time of his death than had the brilliant-necktied English novelist.
in 1872, at Trieste. To the wife of his youth,
To the wife of his youth, But let us quote a most favorable description
it is pleasant to learn, this arch-Bohemian was of him from the pen of Miss Mary Boyle, a
affectionately devoted throughout her life, which bright woman, a clever writer, and a friend of
closed two years before his own. To her mem- Tennyson, Dickens, the Brownings, and other
ory he was no less loyally true. So attached contemporary litterati. In a letter of 1879 she
had he become to this lady in his courting days recalls Lever as one of the most genial spirits"
that he privately wedded her, against the wishes she had ever met.
of his parents, who desired for their brilliant “ His conversation was like summer lightning
son a good match in a pecuniary sense ; whereas brilliant, sparkling, harmless. In his wildest sallies I
Miss Kate Baker, of County Meath, had little never heard him give utterance to an unkind thought.
but her personal charms and her virtues to
He essentially resembled his works, and whichever you
preferred, that one was most like Charles Lever. He
recommend her.
was the complete type and model of an Irishman
The Log-Book," which forms Mr. Downey's warm-hearted, witty, rollicking, never unrefined, im-
second chapter, is most agreeable reading, the prudent, often blind to his own interests -- adored by
more so perhaps because it is so hard to tell
his friends, and the playfellow of his children and the
whether fact is not often tinged with fiction. gigantic boar-hound he had brought from the Tyrol.”
Two student duels at Göttingen, one of them a
That Lever did not care to fraternize with the
grave affair with pistols, prove especially in- Brownings, his fellow-Florentines, one can easily
spiring to young Lever's graphic and lively pen.
account for ; but let us hear our author's expla-
The letters, which claim the biographer's space
nation.
in an increasing degree as we read on, are full
« The only plausible explanation of Lever's neglect
of the writer's hopes of worldly advancement.
of the Brownings is that he did not feel quite at ease in
the presence of the author of · Aurora Leigh.' When
In fact, not a few of them treat very largely of he sought mental relaxation, after a hard day's work,
pounds, shillings, and pence, or their continental he sought it in the society of those who were content to
equivalents. Here are portions of two typical listen to his agreeable rattle rather than in the society
of those to whom he should lend his ears.
He was by
letters from Brussels, written soon after Lever
no means insensible to feminine charms, mental or
had established himself in practice there. Dots physical. He gloried in praise coming from the mouths
and brackets are retained as in the printed copy. of intellectual women. But the woman of genius was
“ Although Brussels fulfils all my expectations, I
not the comrade he coveted in his hours of ease: the
might be ultimately tempted to try my luck in London companionship of men of good talkers or good lis-
or Paris (as a medical man]. . . . Attending to an out-
teners - was what he craved.”
break of measles has prevented me from sending my Dr. Fitzpatrick, as the reader is reminded
usual contribution to the Mag : I have definitely by a footnote, makes the surprising assertion
raised my fees from 5 francs to 10 francs — double that
of any other English physician, and five times the fee
that Lever was intimately associated with the
of the Belgian practitioner. ... The sister of the Am- | Brownings in Florence, and “ found real charm
bassador has recovered under my hands from what was in the companionship” – which a letter of Mrs.
universally believed to be a fatal case of spasmodic
Browning's to Miss Mitford, quoted by Mr.
croup. : . There is nothing but gaiety and going out
here every night, and I am half wishing for summer to
Downey, abundantly disproves. Lever's never-
have a little rest and quietness."
satisfied longing for inward peace finds utterance
“I am carrying ahead with a very strong hand, and in the following extract from one of his letters
have little dances weekly. I had three earls and two to John Blackwood, of which the second volume
ambassadors on Tuesday, and am keeping that set ex contains rather more than a sufficiency. Writing
clusively in my interest."
from Trieste in 1868, the novelist thus despond-
This " carrying ahead with a very strong ently unbosoms himself to his friendly publisher :
hand” was Lever's weakness through life.
It is a great aggravation to dying to feel that I
Though he earned large sums from his writings, must be buried here. I never hated a place or people
and enjoyed also a good income as a physician, so much, and it is a hard measure to lay me down
and later as consul, he could not resist the
amongst them where I have no chance of getting away
charms of horseflesh and of the green table. His
till that grand new deal of the pack before distributing
the stakes. I wish I could write one more O'D.
life, in short, was as chaotic and ill-regulated the last O'Dowd.' I have a number of little valueless
as that of Harry Lorrequer or Charles O'Malley. legacies to leave the world, and could put them into
He seems to have been more eager for and
codicil form and direct their destination. The
dependent upon adulation than even his contem-
cheque came all right, but I was not able to thank you
at the time. Give my love to Mrs. Blackwood, and say
porary Dickens, and to have had considerably that it was always fleeting across me, in moments of
less of solid and enduring resources in himself relief, I was to meet you both again and be very jolly


384
[June 16,
THE DIAL
and light-hearted. Who knows! I have moments still to follow the method of the critical reviewers.
that seem to promise a rally; but there must be a long
Even after reading through the 1200 pages of
spell of absence from pain and anxiety — not so easy
the two volumes before us, it is impossible to
things to accomplish.”
It is a relief to learn, from other sources, that
attempt any systematic review of the work. It
will require the services of many geologists,
when death did come to this good-natured but
working through a decade or more, properly to
sadly improvident fellow-countryman of Gold-
estimate and test the many startling hypotheses
smith, his family was left in better circumstances
which the authors have presented. It is their
than might have been expected. And the last
scene itself of this unquiet life was beautifully the light of principles developed in their earlier
own attempt to read the history of the earth in
peaceful, as depicted by Mrs. Porter (an eye-
volume, which appeared in 1904 and is now in
witness) in “The House of Blackwood," from
a second edition. In that volume was given a
which Mr. Downey has, in closing, reproduced statement of the planetismal hypothesis of earth
a few paragraphs.
Two portraits of Lever, young and old, deco-
origin. In these new volumes the hypothesis is
developed and applied, and its application re-
rate the volumes, and they are as unlike as were
quires a new reading of dynamical geology, with
ever two pictures of one who in youth was
unmistakably father of the mature man. Mr.
a consequent new interpretation of geologic his-
tory. An excellent example of the difference
Downey's index — if a critic may be allowed the
appears in the interpretation of the Cambrian,
privilege of a parting grumble — leaves much to
where the great transgression of the sea is re-
be desired. One looks in vain for references
to Dublin, Brussels, Florence, Spezzia, Trieste, mation, and is considered to mark a period of
ferred to superficial rather than profound defor-
and other milestones in Lever's life-journey
and as there is no entry for « Charles Lever, long quiescence rather than one of earth move-
ment. Another notable feature of the work is
the main events of his very eventful life must
the attention paid to past climates and the use
be gathered from a diligent thumbing of the
made of them in interpretation. The explana-
preceding eight hundred pages. Such names as
the index does contain are followed merely by in the Pleistocene as the indirect result of de-
tion of glacial periods in the Permian as well as
indication of volume and page, or by a succession
formation acting through changes in the consti-
of such indications, with no kindly clue to the
tution of the atmosphere, may be cited. The
more exact nature of the information referred
to. But what further could one expect from
argument in bald outline is as follows: Defor-
mation exposes areas of unaltered rocks and
merely a quinquepaginal quintessence of all the
stimulates erosion. This leads to the carbona-
rich variety of matter gathered together by Mr.
tion of the rocks and so to a reduction in the
Downey's industry ? Fortunately, the average
amount of carbonic acid gas in the atmosphere.
reader — that is, the sensible reader, who reads
The latter, thus thinned, is unable to retain the
for entertainment and, if it so may chance, for
heat radiated from the earth, and a period of
edification is always chiefly interested in what
low temperature results. The many fascinating
precedes the index; and in the present instance
incidental problems connected with such a hy-
he will not search in vain for readable matter pothesis are attacked in detail, and plausible
concerning this early and mid-Victorian author,
suggestions as to their solution are made.
whose popularity still continues.
From still another point of view the books
PERCY F. BICKNELL.
are notable. In 1891, when the Congrès Géo-
logique International was to meet at Washington,
Major J. W. Powell, then Director of the
NEW THEORIES OF THE EARTH'S HISTORY.* | Geological Survey, arranged for a series of cor-
“ The Critical Reviewers," says Dr. Johnson,
relation essays in which should be discussed
“ often review without reading the books through, separately the Carboniferous, Cretaceous, Eo
but lay hold of a topic and write chiefly from
cene, and other rock systems of the United
States. These essays were designed to reflect the
their own minds. The monthly reviewers are
duller men and are glad to read the books
existing state of knowledge regarding each sys-
tem, and also to throw light upon the proper
through.” Without attempting to pose as of the
methods of correlation. The plan grew, and the
brighter order, one must be content in this case
reports were not finished until after the Con-
gress adjourned; the last essay, that on the
bury. Volumes II. and III., Earth History. Illustrated. New
Archean and Algonkian by Van Hise, having
• GEOLOGY. By Thomas C. Chamberlin and Rollin D. Salis-
York: Henry Holt & Co.
—


1906.]
385
THE DIAL
:
appeared in 1892. The series as a whole was portion of the Cambrian belongs with it. The
notable in the emphasis laid upon paleontology Mississippi, Pennsylvania, and Permian are
as the best means of correlation. The Chamberlin- given systematic rather than serial rank, so
Salisbury text-book is the first large and sys that the old Carboniferous disappears, unless it
tematic attempt to correlate the stratigraphy of is retained as synonym for Pennsylvanian —
this country that has been made since the period the period of the coal measures. The Lower
of these essays. It is interesting to observe that Cretaceous is set off by itself and called the
the authors have taken physical changes as their Comanchean, and in the Tertiary only the
key in making correlations. Their reasons for Eocene, Niocene, and Pliocene are recognized.
doing so are stated as follows:
Whether this nomenclature will prove to be final
“ We believe that there is a natural basis of time or will be followed by others remains to be seen.
division, that it is recorded dynamically in the pro The treatment of the Pleistocene and the
founder changes of the earth's history, and that its basis
human or present periods is unusually full and
is world-wide in its applicability. It is expressed in
interruptions of the course of the earth's history. It
satisfactory. The authors find no sufficient evi-
can hardly take account of all local details, and cannot
dence as yet for accepting the presence of man
be applied with minuteness to all localities, since geo in America during the glacial period, though
logical history is nesessarily continuous. But even a placing the European determinations on a dif-
continuous history has its times and seasons, and the pul-
ferent basis. The book closes with a
sations of history are the natural basis for its divisions.
inter-
very
“ In our view, the fundamental basis for geologic time
esting and suggestive discussion of man as a
divisions has its seat in the heart of the earth. When geologic agent, and as influenced by his geo-
ever the accumulated stresses within the body of the logic environment.
earth over-match its effective rigidity, a readjustment While the work is called a text-book, its bulk
takes place. The deformative movements begin, for
reasons previously set forth, with a depression of the bot-
will probably preclude its wide use in schools.
toms of the oceanic basins, by which their capacity is in-
On the other hand, it is not sufficiently complete
creased. The epicontinental waters are correspondingly to be an entirely satisfactory book of reference.
withdrawn into them. The effect of this is practically European and foreign geology in general is
universal, and all continents are affected in a similar
much less fully discussed than in the older
way and simultaneously. This is the reason why the
classification of one continent is also applicable, in its
manuals. For the general reader the book has
larger features, to another, though the configuration of a charm and freshness not common to scientific
each individual modifies the result of the change, so far texts, but it contains so much new and not yet
as that continent is concerned. The far-reaching effects accepted doctrine that such a reader will need
of such a withdrawal of the sea have been indicated
to take careful note of the qualifying phrases.
repeatedly in the preceding pages. Foremost among
these effects is the profound influence exerted on the
It is to working geologists that the book will
evolution of the shallow-water marine life, the most make the strongest appeal ; with some maturity
constant and reliable of the means of intercontinental
of judgment and with some store of facts to
correlation. Second only to this in importance is the
draw on, they will find in it a great stimulus
influence on terrestrial life through the connections and
disconnections that control migration. Springing from
and a surprising number of fruitful suggestions
the same deformative movements are geographic and
and hyphotheses.
H. FOSTER BAIN.
topographic changes, affecting not only the land but
also the sea currents. These changes affect the climate
directly, and by accelerating or retarding the chemical
reactions between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and
LORD RANDOLPH CHURCHILL.*
lithosphere, affect the constitution of both sea and air,
Lord Randolph Churchill was for a period of
and thus indirectly influence the environment of life,
and through it, its evolution. In these deformative
six years a striking figure in English political
movements, therefore, there seems to us to be a uni-
life; and if the estimate of his son be accepted,
versal, simultaneous, and fundamental basis for the he was a much mis-judged and ill-used statesman.
subdivision of the earth's history. It is all the more While his ability and force were universally rec-
effective and applicable, because it controls the progress
of life, which furnishes the most available criteria for
ognized, his consistency and statesmanship have
its application in detail to the varied rock formations in
been as universally denied ; and these latter
all quarters of the globe.”
qualities it has been the purpose of Mr. Winston
The use of these criteria gives widespread un-
Churchill, himself a notable figure in the polit-
conformities large importance, and accordingly
ical world, to claim and prove for his father.
certain changes in nomenclature are made. The
In this the author has largely succeeded, if one
old Lower Silurian is reorganized as truly inde-
can concede that close relationship is consistent
pendent, as many have contended, and is called • LIFE OF LORD RANDOLPH CHURCHILL. By his son, Winston
Spencer Churchill, M.P. In two volumes. Illustrated. New
Ordovician. It is suggested that possibly a York: The Macmillan Co.


386
[June 16,
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with critical and judicial fairness in analyzing “ • Vanity of vanities,' says the preacher, all is
character and motives. Certain it is that the vanity. Humbug of humbugs,' says the radical, all
work is remarkable for its seeming freedom from
is humbug.' Gentlemen, we live in an age of advertise-
ment, the age of Holloway's pills, of Colman's mustard,
personal bias, for its frankness, for its remote-
and of Horniman's pure tea; and the policy of lavish
ness even, as well as for its attractive style, and advertisement has been so successful in commerce that
in truth for all those qualities that stamp the the Liberal party, with its usual enterprise, has adapted
really great biography.
it to politics. The Prime Minister is the greatest living
master of the art of personal political advertisement.
Lord Randolph Churchill entered Parliament
. . For the purposes of recreation he has selected the
with disinclination, or at least with apathy, yield- felling of trees; and we may usefully remark that his
ing to the insistence of his family that he repre amusements, like his politics, are essentially destructive.
sent a constituency wholly at their disposal. He Every afternoon the whole world is invited to assist at
was a Tory by traditional instinct, but his emer-
the crashing fall of some beech or elm or oak. The
forest laments, in order that Mr. Gladstone may per-
gence from obscurity came through indirect spire, and full accounts of these proceedings are for-
opposition to what he considered the inefficient warded by special correspondents to every daily paper
leadership of his party in the House of Com- every recurring morning."
mons. Together with three other dissatisfied Later, describing Mr. Gladstone's method of re-
Tories, Arthur Balfour, Sir Henry Wolff, and ceiving a deputation at Hawarden Castle, he said:
Mr. Gorst, he assumed an attitude of inde “ It has always appeared to me somewhat incongruous
pendence of party control based originally not so and inappropriate that the great chief of the Radical
much upon dislike of party principles as upon
party should live in a castle. But to proceed. One
would have thought that the deputation would have
the weakness of the Tory opposition to Mr. Glad been received in the house, in the study, in the drawing-
stone's government. These four men formed a room, or even in the dining-room. Not at all. That
close alliance that soon came to be known as the would have been out of harmony with the advertisement
“ Fourth Party," so called at first in derision,
• boom.' Another scene had been arranged. The work-
but later recognized as a distinct power. The
ingmen were guided through the ornamental grounds,
into the wide-spreading park, strewn with the wreckage
alliance, as the author frankly admits, was and ruins of the Prime Minister's sport. All around
formed, in part, to further the political interests them, we may suppose, lay the rotting trunks of once
of the men who composed it, and membership umbrageous trees; all around them, tossed by the winds,
in it required first of all that the men should
were boughs and bark and withered shoots. They come
suddenly on the Prime Minister and Master Herbert,
defend each other. In fact, the conservative and
in scanty attire and profuse perspiration, engaged in the
acquiescent opposition to Gladstone practised destruction of a gigantic oak, just giving its last dying
by Sir Stafford Northcote was irksome to the groan. They are permitted to gaze and to worship and
members of the “ Fourth Party ” who believed
adore, and, having conducted themselves with exemplary
in fighting, and who had instincts and abilities
propriety, are each presented with a few chips as a
memorial of that memorable scene."
for rough political warfare. Thus, nominally
In the House of Commons also he was equally
breaking loose from party control, they became effective, though more parliamentary, in sarcasm;
very rapidly unauthorized leaders of the fighting while, on the other hand, his straightforward
element of the Tory party, and were thorns in
clearly-expressed arguments often gave the To-
the flesh of Gladstone and Northcote alike.
ries those party catch-words and rallying cries
Churchill's ability in political opposition has
of which the most famous is undoubtedly that
never been denied, nor his shrewdness in find-
drawn forth by the Home Rule bill of 1886,
ing the weak spot in his opponent's armor.
He had also an unusual gift for hard-hitting with the words, “ Ulster will fight; and Ulster
when he prophesied rebellion in Protestant Ulster
speeches, and for a sarcasm that delighted his
will be right."
audiences, whether in Parliament or country,
Churchill and his three associates soon as-
as audiences are always delighted with clever
personal attacks. Moreover, his style of ora-
sumed an importance wholly out of proportion
to their numbers. As their power increased
tory, while it would have attracted less attention
from an Irish Nationalist or from a Radical, became more pronounced. Disraeli alone of the
their irritation at Northcote's feeble leadership
aroused interest and amused, simply because it
older Tories understood and liked them, but he
came from the mouth of a Tory who by birth and
had practically withdrawn from political life.
breeding might have been expected to follow the
Yet he intervened to save them to the Tories,
customary dignified type of Tory eloquence. In
telling Wolff:
1884, in a speech at Blackpool, he referred to
“I fully appreciate your feelings and those of your
Gladstone in a way
that at first astounded, then
friends; but you must stick to Northcote.
delighted his Tory audience.
sents the respectability of the party. I wholly sympa-
He repre-


1906.]
387
THE DIAL
com-
thise with you all, because I never was respectable board by the Salisbury government. His brief
myself. In my time the respectability of the party was term of office had shown brilliant qualities as
represented by a horrid man; but I had to do as
leader of the House of Commons. His biog-
well as I could; you must do the same."
rapher says of the position Churchill had won :
But when Disraeli died, in 1881, the only
“ It is a pity not to end the story here. Lord Ran-
chance, according to Mr. Winston Churchill, of
dolph Churchill seems at this time to have been sepa-
a permanent and effective alliance between the rated only by a single step from a career of dazzling
old and new element in the Tory party was lost. prosperity and fame. With a swiftness which in modern
The author says of Disraeli :
Parliamentary history had been excelled only by the
younger Pitt, he had risen by no man's leave or monarch's
“ He was an old man lifted high above his contempo-
favor from the station of a private gentleman to almost
raries, and he liked to look past them to the new gene-
the first position under the Crown. Who could
ration and to feel that he could gain the sympathy and
have guessed that ruin, utter and irretrievable, was mar-
confidence of younger men. If he liked youth, he liked
Tory Democracy even more. He had, moreover, good
ching swiftly upon this triumphant figure; that the great
party who had followed his lead so blithely would in a
reason to know how a Parliamentary Opposition should
few brief months tnrn upon him in abiding displeasure;
be conducted. He saw with perfect clearness the inca and that the Parliament which had assembled to find him
pacity above the gangway, and the enterprise and pluck
below it. Had his life been prolonged a few more years
so powerful and to accept his guidance would watch him
creep away in sadness and alone?”
the Fourth Party might have marched, as his Young
Guard, by a smoother road, and this story might have The entire controversy in regard to the char-
reached a less melancholy conclusion. He was removed acter of Lord Randolph Churchill really centres
from the petty vexations of the House of Commons.
about this resignation, - a resignation that came
Surely he would not have allowed these clever ardent nominally on a controversy with the War Office
men to drift into antagonism against the mass of the
Conservative party and into fierce feud with its leaders. caused by Churchill's demand for a reduction
He alone could have kept their loyalty, as he alone com of expenses. But the author thinks that the
manded their respect; and never would he have counte break was inevitable, – that it was a contro-
nanced the solemn excommunication by dullness and
prejudice of all that preserved the sparkling life of
versy between a young, enthusiastic Tory Demo-
Toryism in times of depression and defeat. But Lord
crat and an old-fashioned Conservative statesman
Beaconsfield was gone; and those whom he left behind — Salisbury. They represented,” he says,
him had other views of how his inheritance such as it conflicting schools of political philosophy. They
· should be divided.”
stood for ideas mutually incompatible. Sooner
Yet the break did not come until years later, and or later the breach must have come ; and no
then was in reality a break that involved Churchill doubt the strong realization of this underlay the
alone; for the other members of the Fourth action of the one and the acquiesence of the
Party, and in particular Balfour, had fallen other.” Lord Randolph Churchill “ looked upon
into more “ regular" lines of political conduct. the action as the most exalted of his life, and as
It was, in fact, by remaining independent that an event of which, whatever the results to him-
Churchill became, earlier than any of his former self, he might be justly proud. . . . Among all
associates, a power in his party. He had shown these indications of the healthy and generous
courage, fighting qualities of the highest order, conditions of English public life, so full of
and originality, and now as a campaign drew honour to our race and of vindication for its
near he developed unexpected strength in polit- institutions, the resignation of Lord Randolph
ical manipulation. He, more than any other,
Churchill need not suffer by any important
organized the party machinery that was to over comparison." Yet “a more patient man would
throw the Gladstone administration in 1885, have waited."
and forced upon his party new ideas of Tory On the other hand, the general conception of
Democracy and of service to the people of En the situation, both then and later, was that the
gland. It was a strange and unwelcome plat- controversy really centred about a struggle for
form for his party, but its effectiveness was power within the Cabinet ; that Churchill, unduly
recognized and it was perforce accepted. But exalted by his rapid rise, overestimated his im-
the agility shown by Churchill in previous polit- portance, and was cast aside as a disturbing
ical opposition made even the members of his element; that he was even ambitious of ulti-
own party doubt the sincerity of his constructive mately displacing Salisbury and himself becom-
principles; and when in 1886, as Chancellor ing the leader of the Tory party, and that there
of the Exchequer, he insisted that platform was little but personal ambition in his action.
principles should be carried into effect, he was From such a condemnatory estimate his son
regarded as merely fighting for personal prestige rescues him, and with conviction to the reader.
in the Cabinet and was suddenly thrown over- | But that Churchill was so wholly devoted to
was


388
[June 16,
THE DIAL
66
principle, so little moved by personal ambition,
as the author would have us believe, is difficult
LIFE-SAVING AS A MILITARY SCIENCE.*
of realization. Churchill had risen by his fight Surgeon-Major Seaman is a person very
dis-
ing qualities, but he ceased to fight; he disap- agreeable in the eyes of gentlemen who ought
pointed the very element in his party that he to wear red tape, instead of stars, on their
had created and that had made his principles shoulder-straps. He actually preaches the doc-
seem possible of realization.
If he resigned on
trine that the saver of health and life and the
principle he should have fought for principle, preventer of disease and death should have not
but he seems rather to have meekly acquiesced only equal honor but even equal power with
in his humiliation, and to have sought by sub- the fighter and the killer. Of course, the
serviency to regain a place in the councils of his bronze effigies in Washington and the graveyard-
party. This is not the author's estimate, but statutary in our average county town and vil-
his analysis does not successfully overthrow all lage are against such a notion. Probably for a
elements of the older opinion. Churchill ex-
Churchill ex- long time Dr. Seaman will be a voice crying in
pected to regain quickly his former importance, the wilderness. The tenacity of naval and
but he had been too original, too impetuous, too military orthodoxy is something which, in its
dangerous for the Tory leaders, and while wel toughness and resisting power, is quite equal
comed as an ally in times of political danger he to anything in the theological department of
was never again in close touch with his party. human affairs. Yet, as old texts are re-read
His bitterness and discontent at the sudden in spite of Pope or Synod, so doubtless in time
close of a brilliant career were extreme and we shall read aright his prophecy which shall
could not be veiled in so violent a nature. By have become narrative. Let us hope that
1891 he had practically given up hope of re-
before the end of the twentieth century our chil-
gaining place, as the lines from Dryden copied dren will read, and see the fulfilment our author
out in his own hand give evidence :
demands. A familiar passage might be thus
• Happy the man, and happy he alone,
transposed :
He who can call to-day his own
“ A voice crying :
He who, secure within, can say:
In the wilderness, prepare a highway for our God.”
• To-morrow do thy worst, for I have lived to-day.
Come fair or foul, or rain, or shine,
Certainly, as compared with Japanese reality,
The joys I have possessed, in spite of fate, are mine.
the medical part of our army organization is a
Not Heaven itself over the past hath power; desert. God's highway for humanity is with
But what has been has been, and I have had my hour.”” the Japanese rather than with us.
It would be unjust to Mr. Winston Churchill Dr. Seaman's work of reform is a difficult one,
to conclude this review without noting that his for time will be needed to convert the gentlemen
work is not only a masterly biography, a book in America fresh from the bogs of Ireland or
in a thousand, but is also an intimate critical
the heaths of Germany, or even the olive-tinted
history of Tory politics and factions from 1880 sons of the land of Raphael, as well as the
to 1886. It has, then, both biographical im- authorities at headquarters, from the dogma that
portance and historical value, for it gives us the Japanese are heathen and uncivilized. Yet
a clearer insight into the workings of Tory this book is as a hammer-blow against American
machinery than any other volume. Also, it stupidity, and against that parochial narrow-
indirectly presents new and striking character mindedness which, persisting in a great nation
izations of the men with whom Churchill was like ours, is the wonder of students of that East
in contact, — Salisbury, Gladstone, Balfour, from which the fundamentals of our civilization
Chamberlain, and a score of others, many of have been gained — that East from which light
them important in present-day English politics. always arises.
And from the many apt quotations used by the Briefly speaking, this book, written by a
author in his chapter-headings, that taken from man who has had experience in our own army
Carlyle on Mirabeau seems best to describe Lord in the war with Spain, in the West Indies, the
Randolph Churchill's personality :
Philippines, China, and Manchuria, puts on
“ This is no man of system, then; he is only a man record Japan's real triumph in the conquest of
of instincts and insights. A man, nevertheless, who “ the silent foe.” He does this in a brilliant,
will glare fiercely on any object, and see through it,
and conquer it; for he has intellect, he has will, force rapid, and readable way, with convincing argu-
beyond other men. A man not with logic-spectacles;
ments and figures, and in the English lan-
but with an eye ! ”
THE REAL TRIUMPH OF JAPAN. By Louis L. Seaman.
E. D. ADAMS.
Illustrated. New York: D. Appleton & Co.


1906.]
389
THE DIAL
guage. The Japanese have reversed the record clouds hanging over Japanese character, as con-
of the ages. Centuries of the records of human cerns truth and honesty, roll away. Even when
slaughter show that four men die of disease in we come to modern times, there are those living
camp or field to one death at the hands of the (including the present reviewer) who attended
enemy. But in the Japanese war with Russia the opening of the first government hospital in
there were four deaths from bullets to one from Japan, when a hospital open to the public —
disease. Of a total mortality, from all causes, or dispensaries, as we understand them — had
of 64,938, there were 40,954 more from casual no existence. All Japanese official history scru-
ties than from disease. Dr. Seaman gives his pulously ignores what American missionaries
figures and comparisons, and tells most interest- have done. It was James Curtis Hepburn, M.D.,
ingly of his visits to hospitals, his experiences on who, early in the sixties, opened the first dis-
the march, on shipboard, the railways, and on
pensary
in Japan.
It was Guido F. Verbeck
the field. He also shows how, after Port Arthur who recommended that medical education and
had been won by astounding heroism and scien- training should be conducted in the German
tific gunnery, the Japanese gave the place such language. It was Dr. J. C. Berry who first be-
a cleaning-up that the demon of Pestilence was gan the training of women nurses.
It can be
foiled, after the fiend of War had been anni- said, with strict historical truth, that the plan
hilated.” Then, — lest we forget, and Congress and idea of the modern Japanese national army
go to sleep, - he gives us a chapter with the whose soldiers are trained first in the public
familiar title from Kipling, and recalls disagree- schools, originated in the parlor of Dr. Verbeck
able memories. He proves that our government in the autumn of 1870. No history, or even
ration itself creates disease, while our organized a glance at history, can leave out the work of
incompetence coöperates with the silent foe in the Dutch medical training, with dissection, at
killing eighty per cent of our soldiers.
Nagasaki ; nor ignore the labors of such men as
Briefly put, the burden of this prophet is that the daimio of Echizen and Dr. Hajimoto. In-
“ the (American] medical officer can make a deed, the Japanese mind was kept fertilized by
recommendation, but never issue an order. ... the Dutch during two centuries, and their work
Therein lies the secret of the failure of the in opening the country was most discreditably
[American] medical department.” The deaths ignored by Commodore Perry. Dr. Seaman's
in the Spanish-American war from preventable view of later developments, however, especially
diseases were fourteen times as great as those since 1882, is excellent.
from "casualties" received in the conflict. Dr. The American patriot, the soldier in the ranks
Seaman's effort is to prevent disease rather than and his relative at home, as well as the book-
cure it, and with a thousand proofs and con- critic, can gladly commend this well-written
vincing arguments he calls the attention of the work and be thankful for it. It is a trumpet-blast
world to the fact that the Japanese have at last of prophecy. WILLIAM ELLIOT GRIFFIS.
put the horse before the cart.
Of course, when the shoemaker leaves his last
or the prophet his message, his judgments are
not so convincing. When the doctor tells in
A PHILOSOPHICAL RADICAL ON THE
Chapter XI. " the history of medical science in
GREEK TRAGIC STAGE.*
Japan," one is not to take his text too seriously.
The Japanese have certainly taken him in when
In a less conservative journal, a more enter-
they tell him, or anybody else, about what hap- prising reviewer might have headed this notice
"A Greek Bernard Shaw," or Ibsen in Athens,"
pened before the sixth century the “records"
of which were made almost entirely a thousand
or something else equally alluring. Moreover,
he could have justified his caption by merely
years after the time alleged. The Japanese will
never succeed in silencing the almost universal quoting passages from the work of Professor
suspicion concerning their integrity or good faith,
Decharme and leaving the reader to decide
until they tell the truth officially about their
whether they were more pertinent to Euripides
than to whichever of these two modern radicals
early history, and treat with respect even mod-
ern facts which rub their conceit hard. Japanese require many passages like the following to recall
he selected for comparison. It certainly does not
Bernard Shaw with almost painful vividness :
structed only out of mythology, fossils, and tribal
legends. Only when the truth-loving critic in
Japan is as welcome as the flatterer, will the
EURIPIDES AND THE SPIRIT OF HIS DRAMAS. Translated
from the French of Paul Decharme, by James Loeb, A.B. New
York: The Macmillan Co.


390
[June 16,
THE DIAL
“In common with them (the Sophists], he had the spirit correspond to the terrible club wielded by the
of inquiry which penetrates prevailing prejudices and titanic Aristophanes against his contemporary;
conventional ideas, the skeptical audacity which shakes
in short, he could call attention to feature after
beliefs to their very foundations. . . . Euripides was
not one of those who submit to public opinion, or flatter
feature until the resemblance should become so
it; but of those who oppose and guide it. He guided unendurably significant that every sensible
it much too far, to the thinking of Athenian conserva reader not familiar with Euripides and his times
tives. . . . Our poet was a philosopher whom philoso-
would
cry
out that it must be all nonsense. At
phy had so enthralled that he could never escape from
it... The critical spirit in Euripides is often nothing
any rate, even the adumbration we have given
less than the philosophical spirit, which disguises itself
must suggest that the complete picture would
so little in his dramas that certain Greek critics could show Euripides as a strangely modern figure, a
say of him that he was the philosopher of the stage. critical and philosophical radical representing
His philosophy was prejudicial to his genius as an
artist. . . . One of the secondary reasons for Euripides'
the new cosmopolitanism and religiously engaged
success with posterity constituted a real defect in his
in the sacrilegious task of tearing up ancient
dramas, that critical spirit, everywhere manifest, boundary stones in every field of life. If to this
which spares the gods no more than it spares mankind, conception we were to add the thought that he
which deals with the ancient stories as it deals with con-
was a brilliant poet and dramatic artist, with
temporary morals, which attacks accepted ideas, social
conventions and all forms of tradition. . . . Evil, which
not a few points of weakness, who had a remark-
has succeeded in creating a considerable place for itself
able influence upon his contemporaries and pos-
in the world, no doubt seemed to him to deserve at least terity, we should not be further from the truth
a small place on the stage, the world in miniature; for, than many who have struggled more painfully
side by side with the beautiful, he now and then exhib-
for accuracy.
ited the ugly, putting immoral women on the stage."
Some twenty-five hundred years ago, an old-
When our hypothetical reviewer passed to fashioned Athenian named Strepsiades, with
consider the attitude of our dramatists to women, before-the-war ideas, came to blows with his
he could fill a volume with significant parallels. son, a freshman from the school of Socra-
“ It was above all the women who had ground tes, over a contemporary poet ; and ever since
for complaint against Euripides.” Women, al the Periclean age, the great household of those
ready becoming emancipated, “ meant to oblige interested in letters has been divided against
men to reckon with them,” and Euripides as a itself on the subject of Euripides. On the
result of his reckoning “expresses views about whole, the figurative quarrel has been more
women which are often of extreme severity ; favorable to the old conservative than was
he said little of them that is good, and a great the physical encounter in the “ Clouds” of
deal that is bad.” At the same time, Euripides Aristophanes ; but not a few great men, in-
had Shaw's perception, which recognizes tre- cluding many of our greatest poets, have sided
mendous cleverness in women, although he em- with the son in his admiration of this tragedian
phasizes the devotion of that cleverness to evil of the dawning cosmopolitanism, who repre-
ends.
The general attitude of Euripides to sented the spirit of his times, who painted men
the sex, and of the sex to Euripides, is grimly as they were, who had tears for sorrow, and
implied in the tradition that he was done to withal could give to his shifting moods such
death by vengeful women ; and at times one adequate expression with the aid of effective
would shudder for the fate of his modern incar- dramatic music and polished verse. In Eu-
nation, were it not that in these days we have ripides the philosophical radical and the sympa-
substituted the figurative tearing of limb from thetic poet found a meeting-place, and such a
limb in our reviews and women's clubs. Fur- meeting-place inevitably becomes a field of com-
thermore, the reviewer could propose that the bat for later critics.
occasional interruption of a play of Euripides Some thirteen years ago, Professor Paul
by a scandalized audience corresponds to the Decharme, the talented Professor of Greek
interference with Shaw's plays by the police, rep- Poetry in the Faculté des Lettres of Paris,
resenting a scandalized public; he could com came to occupy the most prominent place in
pare Euripides' debt to Socrates and Anaxagoras the controversy, with a considerable volume on
with Shaw's debt to Nietzsche ; he could point • Euripide et l'esprit de son théatre.” The book
out that Euripides deliberately entered into at once attracted favorable comment wherever
competition with Æschylus, even as Shaw chal read, and the German reviewers contributed
lenges comparison with Shakespeare ; he could the well-deserved epithets of “ eingehend” and
suggest that the thousand critical shafts so “ geistreich "; that it aroused much discussion,
zealously winged at Shaw by our critics of to-day was only another tribute to its worth. Obvi-
66


1906.]
391
THE DIAL
ously, for
any
detailed criticism these columns and pertinent. If the original Parisian edition
must refer the reader to the more technical jour- had been consulted, it could not have demanded
nals; but the most controversial reviewer was a more appropriate garb for its presentation to
bound to give a generally favorable verdict, and an English-speaking public.
it is safely conservative to say that anybody
F. B. R. HELLEMS.
interested in the drama must read this book as a
duty, and will be glad to re-read many chapters
thereof as a pleasure. The second part, pages
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
145–378 of the English edition, dealing with
Thoughtful
“ Dramatic Art in Euripides,” is not so attrac-
While admitting the impossibility of
studies of past,
tive to the less technical reader as the first part,
present, and predicting the future from a study of
future.
the past, Mr. C. F. G. Masterman,
which treats of the poet's views on social, polit-
in the title-essay of his volume, “In Peril of Change
ical, and philosohical questions; but from the
(Huebsch), points out three of England's institu-
whole book one rises with the verdict that the tions —“the Landed System, the Established Church,
rather ambitious title has been fully justified. and the Popular Religion ” — that are seemingly on
It was a labor of love on the part of Professor the verge of transformation, with more or less of
Decharme, whose work has since been ended by menace to the country from the change. Indeed,
a death which the world of letters has sincerely
the author finds in England's present condition some
deplored. Many of us who knew him only
of the symptoms manifest in the Roman Empire
before its decline and fall, and in France before the
through his writings will recall these words from
Revolution. Balance has become unstable, and, says
the poet whom he served so well :
Mr. Masterman, “ the study of the past can but
“A wise man, though in earth's remotest parts
He dwell, though ne'er I see him,—count I my friend."
guarantee that through rough courses or smooth,
heedless of violence and pain, in methods unexpected
The volume before us is an English transla- and often through hazardous ways, equilibrium will
tion by James Loeb, A.B., for whom Professor be attained." These essays, in large part reprinted
John Williams White of Harvard writes a very from leading magazines and reviews, have a char-
strongly pro-Euripidean introduction containing acter so positive and individual as to raise them
a brief appreciation of that author's influence above the common level. Their author, a Cambridge
on later poets. Touching the need of a transla- graduate of but ten years' standing, and at present
tion, the present reviewer is, by no means clear,
a fellow of Christ's College in that university, pre-
inasmuch as most readers who are deeply enough
faces his chapters by explaining that “some are
attempts to examine the ideals of the
interested in Euripides to pursue the spirit of
age
immedi-
ately past. . . Some deal with the life of the
his dramas through three hundred and seventy-
present. .. And some are concerned with the
eight generous pages would probably be able to
future, seeking to interpret, in literature, in religion,
read the French original. On this point, how in social ideals, those obscure beginnings which are
ever, publishers and librarians are doubtless the to direct the progress of the years to come.” In the
best judges, so that we may content ourselves opening essay, "After the Reaction," the author's
with answering the question whether the work dispraise of Mr. Kipling and the brazen-throated
has been well done ; and our answer must be in poets of war and world-empire, his lament over the
the affirmative. To demand that the English
pitiful destruction of two free nations in South
version should breathe the charm of the French
Africa,” and his advocacy of a return to the larger
and kindlier humanities and sympathies, will endear
original, would be extravagant; but a detailed
him to many readers; as will also, in another part
comparison of a number of passages inspired
of the book, his outspoken contempt for “the allur-
confidence in the trustworthiness of our trans-
ing claptrap concerning the White Man's Burden
lator, even if it did give rise to some differences and the Trustees of Progress.” Some of the best
of opinion. That the idea of securing Mr. of these twenty chapters treat of Mr. Chesterton
Arthur S. Way's metrical renderings from the and "the blasphemy of optimism," Chicago and St.
Greek was most happy, is shown by their con Francis of Assisi, Gissing, Henley, Spencer and
tribution to the attractiveness of the work. The Carlyle, Disraeli and Gladstone, the making of the
value of the analytical index can be passed upon
Superman, and the burden of London. But in read-
with finality only after continued handling; but
ing the signs of the times he now and then seems at
an examination of selected points left an impres-
fault, as when he declares that the present abhor-
rence of any violation of the monogamic order of
sion of reliability. The book is bound in the well-
known dark-blue that is always prepossessing to
society belongs to a vanishing England. Disclaim-
ing pretensions to excellences of style, he has never-
many readers, among them the present writer. theless said forcibly and well what he was moved to
The typography is good, the illustrations few
say. A little more attention to the accuracies of


392
[June 16,
THE DIAL
The Jew in
ties;
speech would have prevented his making George daughters than were the Jewish citizens in the hour
Gissing analyze "into its constituent atoms the ma of her need." For material on which to base his
trix of which is composed the characteristic city account, Dr. Elzas has searched all the records of
population.” Easily, too, could he have corrected the State, printed and in manuscript, as well as Jew-
the pleonasm in Herbert Spencer's " long struggle ish records in other States, leaving no source of
for persistence against poverty.” A university man, information unexamined. The bibliography ap-
even if not a first-class in classics, should think twice pended “is not complete,” he says; but it is not
before writing "negligeable"; such second thought likely to be completed. As an instance of his in-
would recall that the word follows the analogy of dustry, we may mention that to get the names of
intelligible, legible, corrigible, derigible, erigible, the Jewish soldiers in the Civil War he went over
and countless other adjectives of potentiality from • several times” the lists of 70,000 names in the
third-conjugation Latin verbs. This author, one may archives at Columbia, and examined the complete
predict, will be heard from again, and more than once. file of Gazettes in the Charleston Library. The gen-
eral reader will object to the padding with long lists
The Jews in the South have made a
of names taken from directories, and to the numer-
Southern life remarkable record, and in his “ Jews
and society. of South Carolina” (Lippincott) Dr.
ous extracts from newspapers ; but to one who is
directly interested, and to the future historian, these
Barnett A. Elzas of Charleston has given a full
sources of information are valuable. The “ general
account of his people in that State. The author's
reader” can do some judicious skipping. It would
aim has been to show the part taken by the Jew in
have been well had the author explained more fully
commercial, professional, political, and social activi-
the distinctions, historically and socially, which he
and the showing is a very favorable one. The
hints at, between the German Jews and the Spanish-
volume includes chapters on the beginnings of the
Jewish settlements in the colony, their religious
Portuguese Jews of South Carolina. But in spite of
minor defects, the work has a great value as an
organization and religious dissensions, the part taken
account of one of the influential elements in Southern
by Jews in the wars and in the affairs of govern-
society.
ment, the expansion of the Jews over the State, and
short biographies of the most prominent members of
On the nature
Since the publication of the funda-
the race. The first Jewish congregation of Charles and origin of mental researches of Pasteur in
ton was an offshoot of the Spanish-Portuguese com-
living matter.
France and Tyndall in England on
munity of Bevis Marks, London. In South Carolina, the spontaneous generation of living from non-living
then not friendly to slavery but desirous of obtaining matter, it has been considered as one of the most
a white population, the Jews were welcomed. The firmly grounded generalizations of biology that,
author declares that “in South Carolina, from the under the conditions which now obtain upon the
day of his settlement the Jew has never labored earth, living things only originate by the multipli-
under the slightest civil or religious disability what- cation of preceding
cation of preceding - that is, ancestral organisms
In this respect South Carolina was unique of the same kind. Omne vivum ex vivo is almost
among the British provinces. It took the Jews of the first law which the biological tyro learns. But as
England over one hundred and fifty years to win by old as the history of all science is the “paradoxer,"
steady fighting, step by step, the civil and religious the “lone and lorn” individual who with all his
equality that was guaranteed to the first Jew that might combats the conclusions which other and
set foot on South Carolina soil.” And it is a notable intellectually more ordinary persons consider to be
fact that the newer States to the west and south of demonstrated. The geniuses of this kind who in
South Carolina have been influenced by the former's older times settled the most pressing mathematical
example. In the Lower South, the Jews have at all and physical problems of the universe have an
times exercised an influence out of proportion to enduring monument to recall them to memory in
their numbers. Perhaps it was one of the results of Augustus De Morgan's delightful “Budget of Par-
slavery which united all whites, but at any rate the adoxes,' to the literary and scientific charm of
Jews have from the beginning formed a respected which Holmes has paid tribute. Unfortunately, the
portion of the population, and have mingled socially biological paradoxers have had no De Morgan to do
with Gentiles to a greater extent than elsewhere. them justice, and in consequence one fears that Dr.
This is partly a cause and partly a result of the supe H. Charlton Bastian's life-long effort to upset the
riority of the Southern Jews. In South Carolina, Dr. accepted teachings of biology will too soon be forgot-
Elzas declares, was to be found, before 1825 at least, ten. For more than thirty-five years he has been ex-
the best Jewish population in America ; and cer perimenting and publishing books and memoirs for
tainly the Southern Jew has not yet been surpassed. the
purpose of establishing two fundamental theses.
Many of the Jewish leaders of other sections have The first of these is that at the present time living
come from the South. The Jew is usually considered organisms are everywhere originating as a result of
a man of peace, but the record in South Carolina a process of “archebiosis,” by which less vulgar
tells a different story.
In every war the Jews fur term our author designates what ordinarily goes by
nished more than their share of men. “South Caro the name of spontaneous generation. Especially is
lina can boast of no more loyal and devoted sons and Dr. Bastian convinced that bacteria originate in this
ever.


1906.]
393
THE DIAL
to say that of those who possess sufficient technical
66 The
the old
Southwest
way.
His second thesis is that the substance of Three volumes of Robertson's sermons and one of
many of the higher organisms is frequently changed Latimer's contribute the religious element. Speke's
by some unknown process into altogether different “Nile” and Borrow's “Wild Wales” occupy the
organisms. Thus, the living substance of a plant travel section, and a volume of Marcus Aurelius
may be directly transformed into a number of completes the list with a classical offering. Many
simple animals, and so on. This phenomenon is of these volumes are provided with really notable
called "heterogenesis.” Something over half of introductions, of which a few instances may be given.
Dr. Bastian's bulky volume on “The Nature and Mr. Watts-Dunton stands sponsor for Borrow, Mr.
Origin of Living Matter” (Lippincott) is devoted to Belloc for Carlyle, Mr. Arthur Waugh for Brown-
an account, with illustrations, of experiments which ing, Mr. R. Brimley Johnson for the Jane Austen
the author believes have demonstrated the truth novels, Mr. Swinburne for “ The Cloister and the
of "archebiosis " and "heterogenesis." It is safe Hearth,” and Mr. Stopford Brooke for “ The Golden
Book of Coleridge.” These introductions, in several
knowledge of biology to really grasp the nature and cases quite lengthy, add materially to the interest
meaning of these experiments, the number who will and value of the volumes which they accompany.
agree with Dr. Bastian in his conclusions is "van-
Tales of
Under the attractive title
ishingly small.” The observations and experiments
are absolutely inconclusive. The earlier chapters
Glory Seekers" (A. C. McClurg &
border.
of the work are given to an extended exposition of
Co.), Mr. William Horace Brown
the author's views on the general subject of organic
has collected a number of tales of the Southwest, in
that romantic border-land between American and
evolution. They add nothing essentially new, either
in fact or in principle, to what has already been said
Spanish domain. Since American authority did
on the subject.
not always advance as rapidly as Spanish control
retreated, the resulting “no man's land” attracted
Messrs. E. P. Dutton & Co. are the plotters, pirates, fillibusters, and soldiers of fortune,
The best reading American publishers of “ Everyman's who found there an inviting situation. The book,
Library,” edited by Mr. Ernest which attempts to recall their deeds and moving
Rhys. This library is one of the Dent enterprises, accidents, is not a novel ; neither is it history. It is
which is equivalent to saying that the volumes ex a re-writing of actual facts, and a reincarnation of
hibit a delicate taste in typography, binding, and former personages, amplified by stirring description.
other mechanical matters, and give a large return of Among the seekers for glory one finds the despicable
value for the small price set upon them. As we General Wilkinson, the fascinating Aaron Burr,
look over the fifty volumes now before us, with which Phillip Nolan, and Ellis Bean, Zebulon Pike the
the enterprise is inaugurated, we cannot help think- explorer, the Kemper boys, Lafitte the pirate, and
ing that the problem of good reading at moderate persistent Jennie Long. The tragedy of the Exiles
cost is by way of being solved more satisfactorily in Florida, whose recital by Giddings aided the
than ever before in a similar undertaking. The Abolitionist cause years ago,
finds
a place
among
the
name of the library is itself a happy thought, and stories, as does the rash expedition of the Texans
nothing could be more apt than the quotation from against Santa Fé. The author is apparently aware
the old morality that is put into the decorative of the slender basis of fact upon which
many
of the
service of the series : “I will go with thee to be thy stories rest,
- for instance, that of the beautiful
guide, in thy most need to go by thy side.” The fifty Madeline, who resisted the wiles of the usually irre-
volumes now published are classified under several sistible Aaron Burr, or that in which the precocious
heads. In fiction, we have a five-volume set of Jane Jennie Wilkinson became the wooer of Dr. Long.
Austen, Bulwer's “Harold” and “The Last of the Where the author ventures on authentic narrative,
Barons," Reade's “The Cloister and the Hearth,” he follows old pathways without much regard for
Kingsley's “Westward Ho!” and a number of other modern investigation. Despite the results of Pro-
representative single works by various writers. In fessor McCaleb’s investigations, he writes Burr down
what
may be called quasi-fiction, we have children's as a traitor.
“Burr was guilty,” he says, curtly.
tales by Lamb, Hawthorne, and Andersen, besides “He had openly talked treason for years.
a two-volume set of “Le Morte d'Arthur.” Of That he was acquitted was just as well. To have
poetry, there are Tennyson, Browning, and Coleridge hanged him [sic] would have been to punish one
volumes. In the cases of the former two, the poems man for treason, when it was well known that a
are given down to 1863, which marks the term of thousand had been guilty of the same crime without
expired copyrights. History is represented by Ma any attempt at punishing them.” He couples Burr
caulay's "England" in three volumes, Carlyle's with Arnold as “the only renegades to the sacred
“ French Revolution" in two, and Finlay's “ By cause of a free and united country.” All this not
zantine Empire” in one. In biography, there are withstanding the fact that John Marshall, the most
Boswell and Lockhart's Napoleon. There are vol impartial judge who ever tried a criminal case,
umes of essays by Bacon, Lamb, Emerson, Coleridge, declared that Burr had not been guilty of treason.
and Froude. Science is represented by White's The stories are worth re-telling, and the author tells
Selborne,” and Huxley's “Man's Place in Nature.” them most interestingly. Doubtless many facts of
..
-
56


394
(June 16,
THE DIAL
of the book
history will be absorbed incidentally by the reader then, that so racy and perfervid a Scot as Mr.
in reviewing these stories of adventurous spirits who Andrew Lang should in his life of Scott in the
tried at various times to establish an empire in the series of Literary Lives" (Scribner) display a cer-
early days of the Southwest.
tain acridity of temper toward those who pestered
Scott and those who led to his ruin. And yet Mr.
Next to the matter of almost perfect
Two examples
Lang is fair ; Jeffrey gets no more than his due, and
technical workmanship, the charac as much is said for the impossible Ballantynes as
beautiful. teristic that most impresses those can well be. Nor is Scott himself allowed to escape
who have followed the work of the special limited without bearing his share of blame for the unneces-
edition department at the Riverside Press is the sarily tragic close of his life. Lang's biography,
variety of its output, the marked versatility shown for a brief
one,
is
very
full of details without being
in fitting typographical form to literary substance.
encyclopædically dry. Certain minor mistakes com-
Nearly all of those who have produced the best work mitted by “English innocence” are corrected — not
in this field heretofore, as he Kelmscott and Doves
silently, however, - and a new piece of external
presses, have each developed a certain distinct and
evidence which should have fixed the authorship of
individual style of bookmaking, to which their entire the novels on Scott before it was known is brought
output more or less monotonously conforms. But
forward. The criticism scattered throughout the
Mr. Rogers, in his work at the Riverside Press, has
volume, following the chronological order of pro-
chosen the immensely more difficult part of giving duction, is sane and singularly free from Scottish
each of his volumes a dress that suggests somewhat prejudice. “The Lord of the Isles” does make one
the character of the contents, and is typical of the
yawn,
and Mr. Lang says so. But he insists, and
country or period to which the book belongs. The
rightly, that the poetic appeal of the “ Lay,” which
success with which this is usually accomplished is in 1805 was “absolutely fresh and poignant,” as well
well illustrated by the two latest issues of the press, as of the more polished “ Lady of the Lake,” if not
a reprint of St. Pierre's “Paul et Virginie” in the highest, is direct and enduring. To the modern
the original text, and a selection of " Songs and
contemners of Scott's novels, Mr. Lang scornfully
Sonnets by Thomas Bailey Aldrich.” The first addresses Cromwell's words to the Commissioners of
named is a thin quarto, printed from type of a French
the General Assembly, “Brethern in the bowels of
cut especially imported for this purpose, and set in a
Christ, believe that it is possible you may be mis-
spacious, well-proportioned page. A light floriated
taken.”
It was in his capacity “as a creator of a
title-page in the French manner, and four illustra-
vast throng of living people of every grade, and
tions reëngraved on wood by M. Lamont Brown
every variety of nature, humour, and temperament,
from the originals in the first edition, make up
the
that Scott, among British writers, is least remote
decorative setting. The binding is of French paper from Shakespeare."
boards, with printed title-label. The whole effect
of the volume, even to the illustrations, is sober and
Indispensable to Everyone who intends to go to
restrained, in perfect keeping with the tragic note the European Europe (and who in these days does
tourist.
of the tale. Mr. Aldrich's poems, on the other hand,
not?) is much concerned to prepare
are embodied in a trim duodecimo, printed from a
himself, both materially and mentally, for the jour-
small size of Caslon type, with a graceful rule ney. But, do his best, on his arrival there one of
arrangement in red surrounding the text on each the greatest drawbacks to his satisfaction proves
page. Deeply embossed in the centre of the dark to be his lack of accurate knowledge. Owing to
green board cover is a representation of the intaglio baggage limitations, he cannot carry many books
head of Minerva that forms the subject of one of about, and even at places where he expected to feel
Mr. Aldrich's best-known lyrics. The idea of re most at home he is surprised to find how vague
and
producing this “carven agate-stone” in such a way indefinite his knowledge really is. Even the best
was unusually happy, for no other symbol could memory proves inadequate to supply all the names,
express more appositely the general characteristics of dates, and isolated facts that continually present
the poetry contained within these covers. It should their questions. Miss H. A. Guerber's little book
be said that for this edition Mr. Aldrich has made “How to Prepare for Europe" (Dodd, Mead & Co.)
an entirely new selection and arrangement of his is designed to supply both of these needs. It is an
poems; and the resulting volume is one that must advance guide, noting the best books to read before
always hold a distinctive place in our literature. the contemplated journey begins; it is also a min-
iature reference book to consult en route, supplying
It is hard for anyone to study the the most important data concerning the history and
Sir Walter
life of Scott without a pious desire to art of the European and ancient world. It presents
wreak vengeance on the personages brief synopses of the history of all the principal
who did so much to afflict him and turn his natur foreign countries, followed by descriptions of condi-
ally joyous existence into the tragedy which in later tions and routes of travel in those countries. There
life it was.
We have all wanted to have our fling are also separate chapters on painting, sculpture,
at the caustic Jeffrey, and to instil some sense into architecture, and music, to which have been ap-
the infantile minds of the Ballantynes. No wonder, pended chronological, alphabetical, and bibliograph-
Mr. Andrew
Lang on
Scott.


1906.]
395
THE DIAL
---
ical lists relating to names, dates, events, schools, thor has drawn considerably on Ritter's “Geschichte
etc. Each country is furnished with an admirable des Orgelspiels,” and on the collections of Comer
map; the illustrations have been chosen with a view and others. Among the musical illustrations he has
to depicting characteristic features of each country, given the whole of a toccato by Pasquini, whose
and the classified chronological tables are extremely works until recently were supposed to have been lost
full and satisfactory. The tourist should by all to the world ; and the style of Elizabethan organ
means secure this book as a supplement to his indis music is exemplified by a Choralvorspiel by Dr.
pensable Baedeker.
John Bull. In conclusion, the author points out that
Readers of Robert Browning's poems
English composers of the first rank are producing
New letters
works that are among the best of the day, and there
by Robert of “Waring” and “The Guardian
is reason to hope that a school of English organ
Browning.
Angel ” have known that he had a
music is arising which will take its place as part of
“dear old friend” who lived on the “ Wairoa at the
the great modern school of English composition that
world's far end.” By the aid of commentators,
is so rapidly developing. Mr. Williams's treatise is
they have known also that this friend was Alfred
scholarly, clear, concise, and elucidative.
Domett, author of the famous “ Christmas Hymn,”
and that the Wairoa is the name of a river in New
Autobiography
Father George Gapon, the Russian
Zealand. How dear, how true, and how life-long of a Russian revolutionist, was not a great man, but
was the friendship which bound together these two
revolutionist.
circumstances, brought about largely
men we now learn for the first time through a book through his deep interest in the oppressed classes of
entitled 6
Robert Browning and Alfred Domett,” Russia, made him the centre of the great strike of
edited by Frederic G. Kenyon, and published by Russian workingmen in January, 1905, and a figure
E. P. Dutton & Co. The story is told mainly through of international interest. Father Gapon has written
letters written by Browning to Domett, the replies, his autobiography under the title “The Story of My
according to Browning's custom with his letters, hav Life” (Dutton), showing the rapid change in his
ing been destroyed. Written chiefly during the years views from love of the Czar and support of the gov-
1840–1846, they cover a period of Browning's life ernment of his country to hatred of both and a lead-
of which little has been made public — the period ing position among rabid revolutionists. This story
just preceding his marriage, while he was living of his life is told with direct simplicity and with
at New Cross, writing and publishing serially his effect, both the account of his early home life and
“Bells and Pomegranates.” Many who cared little training and the account of the dramatic struggle
for Browning's poetry previous to the publication of which led to his exile; it is instructive also as to the
his “ Letters to Elizabeth Barrett were charmed motives and methods of the revolutionists, and as to
by them into loving both man and poet, so fine, the corrruption, cruelty, and tyranny of the autoc-
so strong, so tender was the personality there re racy One can get from this unpretentious book a
vealed. And in like manner, this collection of better idea of present social conditions in Russia
letters, though small, revealing a masculine friend than from many more elaborate studies; yet the
ship surviving the strain of separation of years, and reader must be on his guard against being misled
of divided interests, helps to make up an impression by the sincere but volatile enthusiast whose life and
of a character which becomes the more exalted as it opinions are here set forth.
is better known. Portraits of Browning, of Domett,
and of Sir Joseph Arnould (a third in this trio of
Camberwell friends) illustrate the volume. A poem,
“A Forest Thought,” new to most of us though pub-
NOTES.
lished in a magazine last year, appears on the first A new illustrated edition of “Truth Dexter," by
page. It is in a very unusual metre for Browning Sidney McCall, is published by Messrs. Little, Brown,
four stanzas of seven rhymed couplets each,
& Co.
is extremely musical, and was written in 1839 as “ The Stubbornness of Geraldine,” a play in four
a christening poem for a child to whom Browning acts, is now added by the Macmillan Co. to their edi-
stood as godfather.
tion of the dramas of Mr. Clyde Fitch.
“ The Sources of the First Ten Books of Augustine's
The latest volume in the “ Music De Civitate Dei,” is a doctrinal thesis by Mr. S. Angus,
Organ music,
its history and
Story Series”
(imported by Charles
published under the auspices of Princeton University.
development.
Scribner's Sons) is devoted to “The
A volume of “Fishing and Shooting Sketches” by
Story of Organ Music," by Mr. C.F. Abdy Williams.
the Hon. Grover Cleveland is an interesting announce-
The author has outlined a history of the rise and
ment that comes to us from The Outing Publishing Co.
development of organ music, in which the works of
“Studies in English Syntax," by Professor C. Alphonso
the leading composers are described. He is of the
Smith, is a small book containing three “ essays in inter-
opinion that the history of organ music revolves
pretative syntax," published by Messrs. Ginn & Co.
The Messrs. Scribner publish “ The Page Story
round one gigantic personality, that of Bach, and
Book,” edited by Mr. F. E. Spaulding and Miss Cathe-
that no organ composer
of
any eminence has existed
rine T. Bryce, and containing readings from the books
who has not been largely influenced by him. The au of Mr. Thomas Nelson Page prepared for school use.
>


396
[June 16,
THE DIAL
99
.
60
« Buddhism and “ Islam,” both by Miss Annie H. of Shakespeare, and he will write a preface to each play,
Small, are the initial volumes in a pocket series of sim adding a bibliography. The first volume is to contain
ple “ Studies in the Faiths,” published by Messrs. E. P. a newly-written and important introductory essay on
Dutton & Co.
Shakespeare and his art by Mr. Swinburne. Mr. Frowde
A new edition of Mr. Ernest Babelon's “ Manual of hopes to have a portion of the edition ready in the
Oriental Antiquities," a reference book with many illus autumn.
trations, and a chapter on the recent discoveries at “A Political History of the State of New York,” by
Susa, is published by Messrs. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Hon. De Alva Stanwood Alexander, will be published
“ The Primrose Way,” is the special title of the third this month in two volumes by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co.
volume in “Mark Twain's Library of Humor,” pub The same firm has in press for early publication a short
lished by Messrs. Harper & Brothers. The mystery of novel entitled “Superseded,” by Miss May Sinclair,
the title need debar no one from the joyousness of the author of “The Divine Fire"; and “ How Ferns Grow,"
contents.
by Miss Margaret Slosson.
“A Bibliography of the Sanskrit Drama," by Mr. “ The World's Classics " form a series of reprints of
Montgomery Schuyler, Jr., is published by the Mac standard English literature published by Mr. Henry
millan Co. for the Columbia University Press. It in- Frowde. They are dumpy little books, about eighty of
cludes an introductory sketch of Indian dramatic which have now been published. Sample volumes now
literature.
at hand are Thoreau's “Walden,” Borrow's “The Bible
Propertius,” translated by Professor J. S. Philli in Spain," a volume of “ Tales” by Count Tolstoy, and
more, and “Longinus on the Sublime,” translated by the third of the three volumes containing the works of
Mr. A. O. Prickard, are two new volumes in the Clar Chaucer.
endon Press series of Greek and Latin classics, published Since Isaac Walton “ made a picture of his own dis-
by Mr. Henry Frowde.
position," he has had few truer or more amiable disciples
“A Compendium of Spherical Astronomy," with its than Mr. Edward Marston — author, publisher, and
applications to the determination and reduction of posi “gentle angler," of London. His joy in life and in the
tions of the fixed stars, is the latest of Mr. Simon pursuit of the fisherman's art, retained in spite of his
Newcomb's many contributions to mathematical astron eighty years, is shown in the little volume “ Fishing for
omy, and is published by the Macmillan Co.
Pleasure and Catching It” (imported by Scribner) with
“ A Brief Narrative of the Ravages of the British which he “completes a round dozen of books” devoted
and Hessians at Princeton in 1776–77,” being a contem to his holiday rambles, chiefly along English rivers.
porary account of the battles of Trenton and Princeton, Interesting notes on fishing tours in Northern Scotland
edited by Mr. Varnum Lansing Collins, is published by and in Wales are contributed by the author's daughter
the Princeton Historical Association.
and son.
“Social Progress” for 1906, published by the Baker A useful collection of American verse” intended to
& Taylor Co., is edited by Messrs. Josiah Strong, W. H. “illustrate the growth and spirit of American life as
Tolman, and W. D. P. Bliss. It is an invaluable com expressed in its literature” is the editor's own state-
pendium of the latest statistics in the fields of sociology, ment of what he has sought to produce in “ American
economics, politics, industry, and religion.
Poems, 1776-1900.” The book is mainly for school use,
Volume VI. of the “ Journals of the Continental Con and is supplied with notes and biographies. The con-
gress,” edited by Mr. Worthington C. Ford, has issued tents range from Freneau to Mr. Moody, and represent
from the Government Printing Office. It covers the
something more than fourscore writers. The volume is
last three months of 1776, thus completing the three
edited by Mr. Augustus White Long, who has made his
volumes required for the proceedings of that eventful
selections with discriminating intelligence, and is pub-
year.
lished by the American Book Co. From the same source
From the Wickersham Press, Lancaster, Pa., we have
we have also “Nine Choice Poems of Longfellow,
the “Proceedings of the American Political Science Lowell, Macaulay, Byron, Browning, and Shelley,"
Association” at the Baltimore meeting of last Decem-
edited for very youthful readers by Mr. James Baldwin.
ber. Among the authors of the printed papers are
Messrs. F. J. Goodnow, A. B. Hart, Simon E. Baldwin,
John C. Rose, and W. M. Daniels.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
“ The Green Room Book,” edited by Mr. Bampton
Hunt, is a new annual -a “ Who's Who on the Stage
[The following list, containing 67 titles, includes books
- published by Messrs. Frederick Warne & Co. Be-
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
sides the biographies (and portraits) that make up
the
bulk of the initial volume, there is much miscellaneous
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
matter of interest to the profession.
The Life of Sir Richard Burton. By Thomas Wright. In
2 vols., illus., 8vo, gilt tops, uncut. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
“The Works of Flavius Josephus," in Whiston's trans-
$6.50 net,
lation, newly edited by Dr. D. S. Margoliouth, are pub Leo Tolstoy, his Life and Work: Autobiographical Memoirs,
lished in a single volume of a thousand pages by Messrs. Letters, and Biographical Material. Compiled by Paul Biru-
E. P. Dutton & Co. This volume is a companion in
koff, and revised by Leo Tolstoy; trans. from the Russian.
Vol. I., Childhood and Early Manhood. Illus., 8vo, uncut,
form and size to the Bacon recently imported by the
pp. 370. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50 net.
same house.
The most important addition that is proposed for
HISTORY.
the “World's Classics,” published by Mr. Frowde at the The Present State of the European Settlements on the
Oxford University Press, is a complete Shakespeare in
Mississippi, with a Geographical Description of that River
illustrated by Plans and Draughts. By Philip Pittman;
about seven volumes. The text is being edited by Mr.
edited by Frank Heywood Hodder. Illus., large 8vo, uncut.
Theodore Watts-Dunton, who has made a life-long study pp. 165. Arthur H. Clark Co. $3. net.


1906.]
397
THE DIAL
Personal Narrative of Travels in Virginia, Maryland, Penn-
sylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky; and of a Residence in
the Illinois Territory: 1817-1818. By Elias Pym Fordham;
edited by Frederic Austin Ogg, A.M. Illus., large 8vo, uncut,
pp. 248. Arthur H. Clark Co. $3. net.
Audubon's Western Journal, 1849 - 1850. By John W.
Audubon; with biographical memoir by Maria R. Audubon;
edited by Frank Heywood Hodder. Illus., large 8vo, uncut,
pp. 248. Arthur H. Clark Co. $3. net.
Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789. Edited
from the original Records in the Library of Congress by
Worthington Chauncey Ford. Vol., VI., 1776. 4to, uncut.
Washington: Government Printing Office.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
A History of English Prosody, from the Twelfth Century
to the Present Day. By George Saintsbury, M.A. Vol. I.,
From the Origins to Spenser. With frontispiece, 8vo, uncut,
pp. 428. Macmillan Co. $2.50 net.
Italian Romance Writers. By Joseph Spencer Kennard,
Ph.D. 8vo, gilt top, pp. 472. Brentano's. $2. net.
Handbook to Shakespeare's Works. By Morton Luce.
18mo, uncut, pp. 463. Macmillan Co. $1.75.
The Mirror of the Century. By Walter Frewen Lord. With
portraits, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 268. John Lane Co.
$1.50 net.
The King's English. 12mo, uncut. Oxford University Press.
Balzac: A Critical Study. By Hippolyte. Adolphe Taine;
trans, with an Appreciation of Taine, by Lorenzo O'Rourke.
With portrait, 12mo, pp. 240. Funk & Wagnalls Co. $1. net.
Dante as a Jurist. By James Williams, D.C.L. 12mo, uncut,
pp. 72. Oxford: B. H. Blackwell.
The Stubbornness of Geraldine. By Clyde Fitch. 16mo,
gilt top, pp. 214. Macmillan Co. 75 cts. net.
FICTION
The District Attorney. By William Sage. 12mo, pp. 296.
Little, Brown, & Co. $1.50.
Bembo: A Tale of Italy. By Bernard Capes. 12mo, pp. 310.
E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.50.
Breakers Ahead. By A. Maynard Barbour. With frontispiece
in color, 12mo, pp. 335. J. B. Lippincott Co. $1.50.
Mr. Pratt. By Joseph C. Lincoln. With frontispiece, 12mo,
pp. 342. A. S. Barnes & Co. $1.50.
The Vine of Sibmah: A Relation of the Puritans. By Andrew
Macphail. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 432. Macmillan Co. $1.50.
Sirocco. By Kenneth Brown. 12mo, pp. 292. New York:
Mitchell Kennerley. $1.50.
The Voice of the Street. By Ernest Poole. With frontis-
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Vanity Square: A Story of Fifth Avenue Life. By Edgar
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The Fortune Hunter. By David Graham Phillips. Illus.,
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Susan Clegg and her Neighbors' Affairs. By Anne Warner.
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The Girl Out There. By Karl Edwin Harriman. Illus., 12mo,
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In the Shadow of the Pines : A Tale of Tidewater Virginia.
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Samantha vs. Josiah: The Story of a Borrowed Automobile
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The Intellectual Miss Lamb. By Florence Morse Kingsley.
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Odd Types: A Character Comedy. By B. K. With frontis-
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Plantation Tales. By George E. Wiley, M.D. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 157. Broadway Publishing Co. $1.
RELIGION.
Beside the New-Made Grave: A Correspondence. By F.H.
Turner. 16mo, gilt top, pp. 170. Boston: James H. West Co.
$1. net.
Buddhism. By Annie H. Small. With frontispiece, 18mo, pp. 108.
"Studies in the Faiths." E. P. Dutton & Co. 40 cts. net.
Islam. By Annie H. Small. With frontispiece, 18mo, pp. 72
* Studies in the Faiths." E. P. Dutton & Co. 40 cts. net.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
The World's Classics. New vols.: Chaucer's Poetical Works,
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Tales; The Bible in Spain, by George Borrow; Walden, by
Henry David Thoreau, with Introduction by Theodore Watts-
Dunton; Twenty-three Tales by Tolstoy, trans. by L. and
A. Maude. Each 24mo. Oxford University Press. Per vol.,
40 cts.
Complete Works of Abraham Lincoln. Edited by John G.
Nicolay and John Hay. New and enlarged edition. Vols. V.
and VI., illus. in photogravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt tops,
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Longinus on the Sublime. Trans. by A. O. Prickard, M.A.
16mo, uncut, pp. 128. Oxford University Press. $1. net.
Propertius. Trans. by J. S. Phillimore, M.A. 16mo, uncut,
pp. 183. Oxford University Press. $1. net.
Euripides' Alcestis. Trans. by H. Kynaston, D.D.; with
Introduction by J. Churton Collins, Litt.D. 16mo, pp. 44.
Oxford University Press.
The Mystery of the Lost Dauphin (Louis XVII.). By
Emilia Pardo Bazán; trans. from the Spanish by Annabel
Hord Seegar. With frontispiece, 12mo, uncut, pp. 377. Funk
& Wagnalls Co. $1.50.
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A Modern Slavery. By Henry W. Nevinson. Illus., 8vo,
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Guarding a Great City. By William McAdoo. With portrait,
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The Election of Senators. By George H. Haynes, Ph.D.
12mo, pp. 295. American Public Problems." Henry Holt
& Co. $1.50 net.
Citizenship and the Schools. By Jeremiah W. Jenks, Ph.D.
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Poems. By Meredith Nicholson. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 110.
Bobbs-Merrill Co. $1.25 net.
Cassandra, and Other Poems. By Bernard Drew. 12mo, uncut,
pp. 100. London: David Nutt.
In the Furrow. By Lewis Worthington Smith. With portait.
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The World Above: A Duologue. By Martha Foote Crow.
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Lyrics. By Gerald Gould. 16mo, pp. 47. London: David Nutt.
Paper.
The Harper and the King's Horse. By Payne Erskine.
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The Fading of the Mayflower. By Theodore Tilton. Illus.,
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Songs of Schooldays. By James W. Foley, Illus., 12mo,
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Pocahontas. By Virginia Armistead Garber. Illus, in color,
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Verses. By George O. Holbrooke. 12mo, pp. 143. Broadway
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The History of English Rationalism in the Nineteenth
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Luminous Bodies Here and Hereafter. By Charles Hal-
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ing Co. $1. net.
ART.
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Porcelain: Oriental, Colonial, and British. By R. L. Hobson,
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SCIENCE AND NATURE.
Lectures on the Method Science. Edited by T. B. Strong.
8vo, uncut, pp. 250. Oxford University Press. $2.50 net.
A Compendium of Spherical Astronomy, with its Applica-
tions to the Determination and Reduction of Positions of the
Fixed Stars. By Simon Newcomb. 8vo, pp. 444. Macmillan
Co. $3. net.
The Life of Animals : The Mammals. By Ernest Ingersoll.
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The Garden, You, and I. By the author of "The Garden of
a Commuter's Wife." Illus, in color, etc., 12mo, gilt top,
pp. 397. Macmillan Co. $1.50.


398
[June 16,
THE DIAL
The Seasons in a Flower Garden. By Louise Shelton.
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Consumption and Civilization. By John Bessner Huber,
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Te 52
Oc7040
bang B. Stevens
Be Preice
R. Spait
824



U of Chicago
19490627