reparing its mighty engines had been
growths has choked out the monarchs of the forest
devoted to the development of reason and the
of poetry. Lyric poetry, even of the most intricate
diffusion of Christian principles, nothing would kind, is really simpler in form, easier of apprehen.
have been known for centuries past of its ter- sion, more obvious. The difference between good
rors, its sufferings, its impoverishment, and its blank verse and most lyric measures is the differ--
demoralization, but what was learned from ence between violin playing and a brass band.
history.” The fact that nineteen centuries of
“ Then blow the trumpet, sound the fife;
To all the sensual world proclaim
Christianity have failed to bring about even so
One crowded hour of glorious life
imperfect an approximation to the Christian
Is worth an age without a name."
»
* If a


318
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
How quick is the appeal of that to the ear! how Blake and Whitman bave lengthened their lines and
instant the answer in the heart! But take
still preserved a metrical pace. Bat their irregular-
"As when upon a tranced summer night
ities in the use of their metre prevent the pleasure
Those green-robed senators of ancient woods, of recognizable restraint. The attempt to ignore
Tall oaks, branch charmed by the earnest stars,
the separation of lines in blank verse, and to read
Dream, and so dream all night without a stir,
Save from some gradual solitary gust,
it, as it is claimed, naturally, is a barbarism. Goethe
Which comes upon the silence and dies off
and Schiller fought against this heresy all their lives
As if the ebbing air had but one wave."
at the Weimar theatre, but it comes back again and
That is a matter for reverie, for profound study. again to plague us on the stage. To read blank
Its music rises and swells and branches into dig. verse thus is to turn it into probe.
And the prose
tinct strains, and loses itself in the distance, or is of writers like Jeremy Taylor, De Quincey, and
multiplied with reduplicated echo. It only sur- Ruskin has many of the qualities and much of the
renders its whole beauty to the finest ear. But lyric art of poetry. But it has no rhythm, - for rhythm
poetry is for everybody. It is, in a way, gross and cannot exist without the regular and marked re-
palpable. It has all its sign.posts set out to assure currence of movement and pause. De Quincey named
the most inattentive that he is reading poetry. the style of prose in which he excelled “periodic
Measured motion and ordered repetition form prose." But periodicity is exactly what it does not
the basis of every metrical scheme that has hitberto possess. It draws no magic circle about it in which
been invented. One or the other, or both, must be to perform its miracles. It is amorphous — without
present in any speech that assumes to be verse. form or organic life.
Greek and Latin poetry include both; but their What, then, are the advantages of blank verse?
chief characteristic is the repetition of long and They are freedom and Auidity within limits. Lyric
short syllables in regular successions. Modern
verse is formal.
It is a park where "grove nods
poetry being entirely accentual, has lost this gift of
to grove, each alley has its brother." Lyric verse
quantity. It is not that we do not have syllables is like a sedimentary formation with its stratas in
which differ in the time required for their utterance, parallel and regular bands. Blank verse is the same
but that in most cases it makes little odds how we use formation seized upon by igneous action and the
them. We can substitute long for short, or short stratas twisted, contorted, plicated almost out of
for long, without altering the flow of the verse. recognizance. The popularity of lyric verse is due
That this disregard of quantity has resulted in a to the fact that it is easy for the eye and ear to
loss of fixity and sculpturesque character in poetry, catch its symmetries of arrangement; but the
is certain. Probably every modern language has trained mind will prefer to follow out the hints and
tried to substitute something in its place. Rhyme glimpses by which law reveals itself in blank verse.
.
is a general substitute. The Scandinavian Sta- It may he laid down as a rule that blank verse,
breim, which repeats an alliteration three times in to be good, must include all the characteristics of
each verse, and the Spanish Asonante, which dig. the other forms of poetry I have mentioned. It
tinguishes and binds the lines together by many must be strewn with alliterations, assonances, and
repetitions of a final vowel, are other inventions. sequences of vowel sounds. But it must hold all
The old Irish Dyevvée verse is the most intricate and these in solution, — they must not be obvious and
curious attempt to get order and fixity into verse. obtrusive. They must give 08 pleasure without our
To appearance, it is hardly metrical at all; but in knowing why; the airy beings must do their spiriting
its correspondences and replications of consonantal without our seeing them. There is probably no line
and vowel sounds, it is one of the most remarkable or group of lines in Milton's epic without a domin-
instruments of speech ever fashioned, and, to ears ant alliteration or a vowelled concert.
familiar with it, probably one of the most barmo-
“Of man's first disobedience, and the fruit
nious. In English, the cæsural verse of Pope was
Of that forbidden tree, etc.
an attempt at classic symmetry. More interesting English heroic verse, written in enjambments, –
still, the verse of Coleridge's “ Christabel,” with its in paragraphs, that is, rather than couplets, —has
four regular beats, was really an effort in the same much of the ease and fluidity of blank verse. But
direction.
the halt at the end of every line is too marked. It
It must be admitted that English blank verse, is like riding on a race-course with a barred fence
starting with a lack of quantity, and then discarding at every tenth stride. The rhymed poem which
rhyme, discarding regularity of alliteration, discard. most successfully copies the freedom of blank verse
ing sequences of long and short lines, discarding beat is Milton's " Lycidas.” Here the rhymes are in a
of syllables, has almost stripped itself of poetry's in- measure hidden by their irregularity, and still more
heritance of symmetry. Its only legal hold on form by their frequency; for it is a law of verse that the
is the slight stress or halt at the end of the tenth syl- oftener a rhyme is repeated the less obvious it be-
lable. But that is enough. It gives to blank verse a comes. Of course, in making these comparisons it
security of law, a limit which prevents it from being is mainly iambic verse of which I am thinking.
I .
ungovernable. There is, indeed, no immutable edict Spondaic and anapæestic rhythms are brilliant ex-
dictating ten syllables as a necessity, and poets like otics. They have little real root in the language.


1902.]
319
THE DIAL
9)
Their movement is not the natural movement of the
English tongue. To speak without book, I should
The New Books.
say that nine-tenths of the lyric poetry in Palgrave's
“Golden Treasury” is what we call iambic verse.
A CENTURY'S RETROSPECT.*
I would say also that I am now dealing only with
the technique of poetry, leaving out of view entirely
It is a little curious that the author of the
its soul of thoughts and garb of phrase. The one
well-known watchword which tells us, among
solid distinction between poetry and prose is metre other things, to look forward and not back,
- measured motion. There is no reason why prose should himself be so given to the retrospective
should not have all the other poetic qualities; and and reminiscent, and so inclined to regret that
it often does. Possibly the movement of poetry
the present generation has eyes only for the
helps its writer to attain that frenzy which Plato
demands of the poet,
future. Yet nobody can feel in the least dis-
as the whirling of the Sibyl
was supposed to produce inspiration. In practice, posed to censure this seeming inconsistency,
this must be the case; for in every language the most
since to it we owe more than one most enjoy.
heightened thought and quickened phrase are to be
able volume of memoirs.
found in verse.
Whatever the value of " Memories of a Hun.
Blank verse is our great English instrument of
dred Years” as a contribution to nineteenth-
sounding speech. It has been found equally fitted century history, it is as a human document
for dramatic, epic, and reflective poetry. Marlowe that the book chiefly appeals to the reader; the
fashioned the instrument first, and gave it a capacity writer's own personality lends it its peculiar
for fiery energy and crashing volume of sound.
interest and charm. Therefore the reviewer
But he left it somewhat monotonous and over-keyed. prefers to treat it by no means as formal history,
Shakespeare took it, and broke up Marlowe's mighty
line, and
gave
it every variety of note, ran over the
or even as autobiography, but rather as the note-
whole gamut of cadence. In his verse the cæsura
book of one who has touched life at countless
flies from syllable to syllable as the foam leaps from points, but who is too engrossed in good works
crest to crest, and beckons the waves to follow in to spare time for a very full, careful, or con-
pliant but irresistible change. Consider the differ- nected account of his manifold experiences.
ence between this word of Coriolanus :
That these memories cover not merely a hun-
"When, like an eagle in a dove-cote, I
dred years, but go back almost half a century
Fluttered their Volsces in Corioli,"
further, to Braddock's defeat, would cause nat-
where the whirling sweep of the first nine syllables
suddenly checks itself at the tenth, and then, poised
ural surprise if the explanation did not at once
there a moment, actually vibrates as the sense de suggest itself that the remembering is done in
mands ; consider the difference between this and large part by proxy. Thus almost the entire
the slow pulsing syllables and ebbing echoes of
first volume deals with events that occurred
Prospero's great speech:
either before the author was born, or before he
“Our revels now are ended; these our actors,
was of an age to have any memories of his own.
As I foretold you, are all spirits, and
His remembrance, however, reaches back al-
Have melted into air, into thin air."
most to the cradle - to Lafayette's visit in
After the molten speech of Marlowe, and Shake-
speare's living rhythms, there was nothing for Mil-
1825, when the three-years-old boy was held up
at the window to see the French patriot pass.
ton to do but to make blank verse architectural
to build it up into magnificent edifices of symmet- Even before that time, and so early that he can-
rical art. It may be said to have solidified in his not now recall the circumstances, he had learned
hands; and the business of later poets has been to to read, probably at the dame school to which he
try to bring back to it the play and changeableness was sent at his own clamorous request before
of life. Wordsworth in his best verse imparted to the age of three. At twelve years of age he ap-
it a spiritual transparency, almost transfiguration; peared in print in his father's “ Boston Adver-
and there is a nameless necromancy in Shelley's
tiser," and from that time on wrote more and
“ Alastor.” But Keats alone was a spirit vivid and
more for the
real enough to renew its former potency. Beside
That he went to the Latin
press.
school and to Harvard College was in the usual
“ Hyperion " I would place Landor's “Gebir” and
Horne's “Orion" as the best examples of modern
order for a Boston lad of good family. His
blank verse. Arnold's two studies are noble in reporting at Cambridge at six o'clock in the
theme and treatment, but he had not the metrical morning for a thirteep-hour day of entrance
ease and mastery for this most difficult form of examinations, gives us a picture of strenuous
poetry; and Tennyson's blank verse is so mannered, educational methods that contrast somewhat
and so full of mere prettiness, that I for one would
*MEMORIES OF A HUNDRED YEARS. By Edward Everett
never rank it with the work of the masters.
Hale. In two volumes. With numerous portraits, illustra-
CHARLES LEONARD MOORE. tions, and facsimiles. New York: The Macmillan Co.
9


320
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
ludicrously with the modest high-school curri- a child by his mother to hear one of his father's
culum of the Harvard of that time.
speeches. They sat in the gallery. In the
Refusing to “harass ” his readers with many course of his address Mr. Webster cried out,
autobiographical details, Dr. Hale affords us in his most vigorous way, “ Will any man dare
only fleeting glimpses of himself in the storm. say”—when his infant son, impressed with the
and-stress period of early manhood and in the folly of any such supposed case of audacity in
busy years of a crowded career of public use. contradicting his father, promptly responded
fulness. Some of these glimpses can best be from the gallery, “ No, pa !”
given here in his own words, in such brief ex- Dr. Hale's admiration for Webster goes so
tracts as space will permit. Emerson's cousin far as to make him regard Mr. McCall's Dart-
George had read some of his college prepara- mouth address as a justification of the seventh-
tory Greek with Mr. Hale (who served a short of-March speech. He further tells us with
apprenticeship at teaching in the Latin School), great emphasis that though he saw Webster
and had gratified his tutor by attaining high in the last twenty-six years of the latter's life
rank in his class at Harvard. Speaking of the “thousands of times," and read “thousands of
Junior Exhibition, in which George bad the letters” from him, and visited the family he
first part, the author says:
knows not how often, he never had a dream or
“ After the whole was over, and as the assembly broke thought that the great statesman cared any.
up, I crossed the chapel that I might speak to Ralph thing for alcoholic stimulants. Dr. Hale's
Waldo Emerson, who stood alone, as it happened, under father, also, who survived Webster twelve
the gallery. I introduced myself to bim, and I said I
years, "heard such stories as these with perfect
wanted to congratulate him on the success of his cousin.
He said: Yes, I did not know I had so fine a young disgust and indignation.” Such testimony is
cousin. And now, if something will fall out amiss, — if not lightly to be put aside. Yet in marked
he should be unpopular with his class, or if his father contrast with it are the reminiscences of another
should fail, or if some other misfortune can befall him,
all will be well. I was indignant with what I called octogenarian, who is no less ardent in his ad-
the cynicism of his speech. I thought it the affectation
miration. “I once saw him," says Dr. Cuyler
of the new philosopher who felt that he must say some- in his recent book, " when his imperial brain
“
thing out of the way of common congratulation. But I was raked with the chain-shot of alcohol. The
learned afterward, what he had learned then, that good sight moved me to tears, and made me hate
is a good master, but bad is a better.' And I do not doubt
now that the remark, which seemed cynical, was most
more than ever the accursed drink that, like
affectionate."
death, is no respecter of persons.
The Hale and the Webster families were
Young Mr. Hale enjoyed the warm friend-
intimate. On young Mr. Hale's first visit to
ship of his distinguished uncle, Edward Ever.
ett. Of his valuable reminiscences of this
Washington be called on Mr. Webster, who
was then Secretary of State. He recounts this accomplished man, there is here room for but
experience, even at his own expense.
“He said to me one day in the spring of 1846 that
“I have never forgotten the ease and simplicity with
it was already long enough, since his return from
which, at dinner, he kept the conversation on such things Europe, for him to satisfy himself that the stately ora-
as would interest a person who had just before been en-
tion of twenty years before was for America a thing of
gaged in teaching. He went back to speak of his old
the past. He advised me as a young man to accustom
days as a schoolmaster, when, once or twice, my father
had taken his place. I bad spoken of my interest in
myself speak to large or small audiences without a
manuscript before me, to accept the more colloquial
botany, and be began talking about Linnæus's letters,
babit, which I think he would have called the habit of
with wbich he was quite familiar, and from which he the stump.'”
cited curious things. I, alas! bad never seen Linnæus's
letters. Then because I had been a master in the Latin
“ About the same time," the author adds in
School, he brought the conversation round to Thirlwall's a footnote, “Orville Dewey told me how to do
History of Greece, which he had read with interest. it. I think it was he who told me always to
Alas! I had never read Thirlwall's • History of Greece.'
I do not think that there was the least wish to over-
speak in public whenever any one was fool
power a youngster in this; it was merely the ease with
enough to ask me.'”
which he adapted himself to the man whom he was
Among the anecdotes given at second hand,
meeting.”
the following about General Andrew Jackson
An amusing Webster anecdote, not one of
is characteristic:
Dr. Hale's personal recollections, but well au-
“ The daughter of a Massachusetts Senator told me
thenticated, is given by him. Young Edward
that in her younger life she went with her father to one
Everett Webster, with whom the author was
of the regulation dinners at the White House. General
Jackson himself took her out to the dinner-table. There
intimate in school and college, was taken when was some talk about the light of the table, and the
one,
6
6


1902.]
321
THE DIAL
)
>
General said to her, “The chanticleer does not burn Monthly.” Is there not a mistake here? Un-
well. She was so determined that she should not mis-
less there is a surprising unanimity of error in
understand him that she pretended not to hear him and
asked him what he said. To which his distinct reply
the records, Lowell's own letters included, he
was, “The chanticleer does not burn well.'”
held the editorship of the “Atlantic" from 1857
These are merely a few crumbs from the
to 1862, and with Professor Norton the joint
":
feast that awaits the reader who is not so ill. editorship of the “ North American Review
from 1863 to 1872. Possibly the simultaneity
advised as to content himself with such scanty
of office in our author's mind was that of the
nibbles. That Dr. Hale everywhere shows the
Harvard professorship and the magazine edi-
courage of his convictions, not to say also of
torship.
his prejudices, is a matter of course. His
One more petty criticism, and we have done.
vigorous optimism finds no use for certain “pes. Every one has heard of the committee-man
simistic New York weeklies." To his staunch who, when invited to address the school he was
Republicanism Thomas Jefferson fills the visiting, edified the young people before him
,
“
place in history which a fussy and foolish nurse
fills in the biography of a man like Franklin, pronounceation.” Emphasizing the value of a
with a lecture on the importance of “kerect
or Washington, or Goethe, or Julius Caesar.”
His sturdy common sense speaks out in that good education, especially in English, Dr. Hale
“disgust for the mechanism of the public And no matter who the kings asked to meet
writes—or at least we read in his printed page:
“
schools” which he says he takes occasion to
them, John Adams meant that the sons and
express upon all suitable opportunities. Three
daughters of Massachusetts should be able to
months' time is enough, in his opinion, to de-
hold their own in conversation ... that they
vote to college preparatory Greek, for such as
should speak English and understand English
really wish to master it. The dulness of the
as well as any man in any place.” The re-
new school of history comes in for a word of
viewer, it is hoped, will be pardoned for taking
censure in his defense of his old friend Ban.
note of what in any other connection would
croft. “According to me,” he declares, “ you
not have offered so irresistible a temptation.
might as well write with white ink on white
Besides, who knows whether some middle-man,
paper as write anything in a language so dull
---amanuensis, compositor, or proof-reader,-
that nobody wants to read it."
may not really be responsible for this slight de-
He speaks of his iron memory, and indeed
parture from Lindley Murray ?
it is a most wonderful memory. But as rules Some new matter, both in text and footnotes,
are proved by their exceptions, perhaps he will and in portraits, illustrations, and facsimiles,
permit the reviewer to heighten the effect of
appears to have been added to the original
these marvels of recollection by placing in con- chapters since their appearance in the “Out-
trast with them one or two apparent lapses. look.” But the great excellence of the book,
Referring to Williams College, from which
and at the same time its great defect, lies in
his father, Nathan Hale, was graduated in its suggestion of rich hoards of material un-
1804, he says, “ Dr. Tyler, the historian of the
used for lack of space. Many phases of the
College, speaks of the four years after 1801
writer's abounding personality, many of his in-
as if they were unsatisfactory.” Dr. William numerable forms of beneficent activity, receive
Seymour Tyler is well known as the historian
no illustration whatever, so that in closing these
of Amberst College. Is there a Dr. Tyler, volumes one is almost as ready to quarrel with
historian of Williams? Calvin Durfee, in his the author because of what he has omitted, as
history of Williams College, describes the years to thank him for what he has included. But
immediately preceding 1804 as singularly pros- as to matter included, most readers will regret
perous, and quotes in corroboration passages that so much space has been devoted to pre-
from President Fitch's letters of 1801-1804. natal recollections, so to speak, at the expense
The dark days of the college fell in 1819, of later and to them more interesting matters.
when it came within a little of being trans- The excision of twenty pages on Pbilip Nolan,
planted to Northampton.
the Texas adventurer of 1801, would not have
Defending Lowell from the foolish charge caused poignant grief. So, too, for Fulton and
of indolence, Dr. Hale writes, “ In his after his steamboat we might well have been referred
life he speaks somewhere of his working fifteen to the encyclopædia, and treated instead to a
hours a day, when at the same time editor of the dozen pages describing, let us say, the fortunes
North American Review and of the Atlantic of the late lamented “Old and New," or the


322
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
a
-
>
author's visits to Europe and interviews with much for the development of mankind, no med-
Martineau, Dean Stanley, and a score of others. ical materialism can rob them of their value.
But enough of this, or some one will be moved Even those who would class men of genius with
to retort, in Charles Lamb's familiar words: the mentally deficient would not propose to
“ It is a secret well known to the professors of dispense with the works of genius. Again, one
.
the art and mystery of criticism, to insist upon sort of origin” does not necessarily preclude
what they do not find in a man's works, and to another. If a man is a converted ” because of a
pass over in silence what they do.”
certain psychopathological condition, it does not
PERCY F. BICKNELL. follow that that condition may not have been the
very thing which permitted the influx of some
external spiritual force. Glass is said to be red
when it transmits red light; but who would be
VARIETIES OF RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE.*
so absurd as to affirm that red light is solely
The value of a book to its reader depends caused - or, in fact, caused at all — by red
upon what he can get out of it. To some, the glass? The narrow materialist, who thinks he
volume now reviewed will appear as a brutal
bas explained religious experiences by refer-
treatment of sacred things by a man who does ring them to certain changes in the brain, is no
not know what religion means.
To others, it more scientific than he who should consider red
will seem an absurdly solemn discussion of light a property of glass, ignoring the existence
a
matters which are foolish at the best, and often
of the sun.
idiotic. To the present writer it seems a work Very interesting is the discussion of the
of genius, admirable alike for the thoughts ex- “ once-born ” and “twice-born” types of man-
pressed and the manner of their expression. kind. The “ once-born ” are those happy indi.
The book does not concern itself with relig- viduals who are so simply constituted that they
ious institutions, nor with theologies ; but with have no internal struggle, no sense of the bad.
the religious feelings and impulses of individ- ness of things. They seem to sing a perpetual
uals. In these latter are found the true origin song to God, a psalm of gladness for the beauty
of religion, that inward and spiritual grace of of the world and the harmony they feel with
which the churches are at best a secondary out- it. Evil they repudiate and ignore. They are
Professor James quotes at length the like those animals which flourish by the choice
autobiographical records of numerous religious of suitable environment, avoiding instead of
persons, belonging to various sects; and of overcoming their enemies. Physically speak-
others not professedly religious, whose expe-ing, such persons may lead active militant
riences are considered similar in kind. The lives, but they simply do not know what spirit-
number and fulness of these quotations may ual evil is. In recent years, this mental attitude,
weary some readers, but anyone who will read
described by Professor James as “Healthy-
them through will be convinced of the essential mindedness,” has been specially cultivated by
similarity of almost all the cases, notwithstand.
a sect. The doctrines of " Christian Science,
ing wide differences in detail. This similarity apparently increasing in popularity, depend
,
depends upon the consciousness of communion
upon the assumption that evil may be evaded
or unity with a spiritual being of a higher type, by ignoring it.
by ignoring it. It is even held that physical
- in ordinary language, with God.
evils may to some extent be thus overcome;
In order to get the clearest possible insight and Professor James believes that there is
into the phenomena, the instances chosen for sufficient proof to confirm this view. Indeed,
study are mostly those of the more extreme orthodox medical men have long been aware
sort: those which modern science would usually of the value of suggestion " as a therapeutic
-
class as psychopathological. Professor James
agent.
urges
that this should not deter us from re-
The “ twice-born” are those who have to
garding them seriously. In the first place, the struggle with evil in order to overcome it. They
origin of spiritual experiences may be what you are those whose personality is complex, with
please ; but this does not affect their impor- antagonistic elements. Only after a prolonged
tance and significance for us. If they mean conflict are they permitted to enter the haven
*THE VARIETIES OF RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE. A Study of peace, by the triumph of the higher elements
in Human Nature. Being the Gifford Lectures on Natural of their character; or, as it seems to them, by
Religion, Delivered at Edinburgh in 1901–1902. By William
James, Professor of Philosophy in Harvard University. New
the direct influx of the Holy Ghost. Such per-
York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
sons have come too closely in contact with evil
come.


1902.)
323
THE DIAL
ever to forget its existence. To the “once- on which I am ready to make my personal venture is
born " they appear morbid, while to them the that they exist. The whole drift of my
education
goes
former seem shallowness itself. In considering
to persuade me that the world of our present conscious-
ness is only one out of many worlds of consciousness that
the phenomena of conversion, whereby the
exist, and that those other worlds must contain experi-
“ second birth occurs, it is remarked that it
ences which have a meaning for our life also; and that
is very commonly sudden, but nevertheless per- although, in the main, their experiences and those of
manent. As the author says, it is like the sud-
this world keep discrete, yet the two become continuous
at certain points, and higher energies filter in. By
den crystalizing out of a salt in a saturated
being faithful in my poor measure to this over-belief,
solution, upon the addition of a solid object. I seem to myself to keep more sane and true. I can,
Psychologically, Professor James explains this of course, put myself into the sectarian scientist's atti-
by suggesting that in reality a change has been
tude, and imagine vividly that the world of sensations
and of scientific laws and objects may be all. But
going on in the subconscious regions of the
whenever I do this, I hear that inward monitor, of whicb
mind, until it reaches a point when the equi. W. K. Clifford once wrote, whispering the word • bosh!'
librium is disturbed, so to speak, and a new Humbug is bumbug, even though it bear the scientific
and stable position is assumed. It is impossible name; and the total expression of human experience,
.
here to give all the reasons for this opinion;
as I view it objectively, invincibly urges me beyond
but the reader of the book, if not unduly biased,
the narrow scientific' bounds. Assuredly, the real
world is of a different temperament, more intricately
will probably find them convincing. One inter- built than physical science allows. So my objective and
esting fact is that the change often occurs after my subjective conscience both hold me to the over-
the individual has given up the struggle; that
belief which I express. Who knows whether the faith-
fulness of individuals here below to their own poor
is, after the ordinary mental faculties have
over-beliefs may not actually help God in turn to be
become exhausted. Then, it seems, the subcon-
more effectively faithful to his own greater tasks ? ”
scious self is able to assert itself and take pos-
session of the field. In minor matters, such as
With this wholly inadequate notice we must
leave what seems to the reviewer one of the
the attempt to recollect a name, the same sort
of thing may occur. The present writer has
great books of our time.
T. D. A. COCKERELL.
long known his indebtedness to the inspirations
of leisure moments, and has long been con-
vinced that the restless life is a relatively stupid
It is probable that our crowded school
curricula do irretrievable harm by not permit- THE DEAN OF AMERICAN LETTERS.*
ting time for those restful mental periods
wherein the subconscious self tells the things wished to introduce to the Boston world of let-
Some forty years ago James Russell Lowell
that it has learned.
So much for the psychological theory; it
ters a young man who had followed his poems
from Ohio. He therefore made a dinner for
remains to be asked, to what is the subconscious
him at Parker's at which the other guests were
self indebted for the things it knows? Obvi-
Oliver Wendell Holmes and Mr. James T.
ously, it is often indebted to the world of our
Fields. “Well, James," said the autocrat,
ordinary knowledge, just as is our ordinary this is something like the apostolic succession:
“
consciousness. I suppose everyone has had the
this is the laying on of hands." He was right,
experience of remembering something which
for Mr. Howells not only succeeded Lowell as
was not consciously noticed originally ; which
editor of the “ Atlantic,” hut in other and lar-
was seen out of the corner of the mind, so to
ger ways.
speak, and did not come into the field of clear
I have several times (in somewhat academic
vision. Nevertheless, religious converts are
convinced that their knowledge did not come
fashion perhaps) considered Irving and Lowell
in this way, but was received from a higher times. Each was undoubtedly the chief man
as the representative men of letters of their
spiritual source. Professor James holds tbat
of letters of his day (if we can regard the man
this cannot be definitely affirmed, from an out-
sider's point of view, but is to be classed as
of letters as something a little different from
an " over - belief.” In an eloquent passage
poet, novelist, historian, or any other specific
(p. 519), the author thus states his personal
kind of author), and each was typical of the lit-
" over-belief":
erary spirit of his time. Irving represents the
first period of our literary activity and Lowell
“What the more characteristically divine facts are,
apart from the actual inflow of energy in the faith-state * LITERATURE AND LIFE. By W. D. Howells. New
and the prayer-state, I know not. But the over-belief York: Harper & Brothers.
one.


324
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
66
the second. I can think of no one more prop-
likes to feel that he understands the movements
erly representative of the later phases of our and tendencies in the culture of his day.
national literary life than Mr. Howells.
The different papers that make up the book
It is not as being necessarily the greatest were probably not written with especial refer.
genius of his time, that Mr. Howells is entitled ence to each other. They did, on the other
to this distinction. Neither Irving nor Lowell hand, have always the inspiration of a common
was exactly the greatest genius of his time. feeling, and this feeling is so characteristic of
Measurements of genius are misleading and Mr. Howells that it makes the book more
dangerous: only in cases of immense preëmi- potable (as well as more charming) than it
nence can we be quite sure of our reckonings. would be without. He speaks of it in “ A Word
But putting such dangerous questions aside, of Explanation.” Doubtless all that is there
Mr. Howells, like Irving and Lowell, is for said has been otherwise said already by him.
other reasons more a representative man than self, or by others under the same feelings as
any of his contemporaries. For one thing he himself. But I will own that a word or two
is more a master in his profession than any- makes clearer to me than it was, the spirit in
body else: he understands the whole range of which Mr. Howells has worked,- perhaps the
letters more thoroughly. Irving and Lowell
Irving and Lowell prevailing spirit of that influence of which he
were also masters of easy power in a broad was our chief spokesman. He writes :
range
of letters, but I am not sure that Mr. I have never been able to see much difference be-
Howells does not surpass them. Not merely
tween what seemed to me Literature and what seemed
fiction is bis field, the natural and necessary
to me Life. ... Unless the thing seen reveals to me an
intrinsic poetry, and puts on phrases that clothe it pleas-
mode of expression of our day, but poetry, ingly to the imagination, I do not much care for it; but
criticism, essay, drama, as well. Like Gold- if it will do this, I do not mind how poor or common
smith, there are few veins that he has not or squalid it shows at first glance; it challenges my
worked, and wherever he has worked he has curiosity and keeps my sympathy."
,
brought forth gold.
“The union of Literature and Life," he after-
But further also, Mr. Howells is representa- ward says, “is the rainbow in the sky for me;
tive of his time: he is entirely in the spirit of and I have seldom seen a sky without some bit
of rainbow in it."
that the spirit of the time, so far as letters is This, it seems to me, makes one understand
concerned, is changing ; but however that may the realist position better. How different it
be, the last third of the century will historically is from the view of another man who unfortu-
be the time of the influence of realism in fiction nately did not live to enjoy many years of the
and the drama, a movement in which Mr. admiration and love that we feel for Mr.
Howells was our chief leader. And however | Howells. Stevenson would never have said
technical principles of realism may have changed that. He saw lovely things in Life and in Liter-
or may be changing, there can be little doubt ature, but the sky for him was surely often
that the increased seriousness which it brought, without the rainbow, and he was often forced to
the more pervading consciousness of the neces- recall some lovely rainbow he had seen before,
sary close relation between literature and life, or imagine a lovely one that he would see. As
the feeling that literature should in some meas- to which way is the best way to the pot of gold
ure and with varying means interpret life, at the foot may be doubtful.
this, the necessary feeling of the realist, will Intrinsically the papers of this collection
not pass away as readily as the formulas of have their specific interest in subject as well
local color and states of soul. And in that as in handling. Perhaps a half are of those
respect, too, Mr. Howells is a great represen- | impressions of travel, wherein Mr. Howells
is so much at home, though geographically the
We
may
therefore look at his last collection traveller has often strayed no farther than the
of essays and studies with singular interest. It New England coast. Some of them are more
is not to be regarded as a suitor for favor : it destructively critical papers. And a good many
must be looked upon rather as the record of a are practically professional, if informal, opin-
fact. We may like it or not, according to our ions and ideas, not exactly on literature or on
taste; doubtless, there is little of the future in life, but on literary life,- a matter on which
it, more of the past; but we naturally find in Mr. Howells is as well informed as anyone.
it a claim on the attention of everyone who | These have for me more interest than the
tative figure.


1902.)
325
THE DIAL
a
>
others ; naturally, perhaps, for a reviewer, like form, without needless padding and without
any one else, likes to read, as well as to talk, untrustworthy enthusiasm, a readable history
shop. But all of them are interesting in them- of each of the minor race-elements which com-
selves, and would be, even if we did not know bined to form the American population at the
that they were by the dean, as we may call beginning of our national era.
him, of American letters.
The early announcements seemed to indicate
EDWARD E. HALE, JR. that Mr. Charles A. Hanna was to be the his-
torian of the Scotch-Irish in America. There
was a lot of unassorted material in the records
of the Scotch-Irish congress and elsewhere,
THE SCOTCH AND IRISH IN AMERICA.*
and, especially, many a hint as to desirable and
Irish
a
formed at Columbia, Tennessee,
in 1889, in theme and an awaiting constituency. The re-
connection with a congress assembled at the sult of Mr. Hanna's labors is distinctly dis-
suggestion of Mr. Thomas T. Wright of appointing. “The Scotch-Irish,” or as the
Florida, to organize for the perpetuation of secondary title reads, “ The Scot in North
the achievements and the preservation of the Britain, North Ireland, and North America,”
history of the Scotch-Irish race in America. is not a history; it is an aggregation of ma-
The society aroused a great deal of enthusiasm terials. The running title is “The Scotch-
and held successful annual meetings in several Irish Families of America," but five hundred
different cities. On these occasions papers were of the six hundred pages in the first volume are
presented and addresses were made which dis- taken up with Scotch history and Scotch char-
cussed various phases of our country's history acteristics, leading up very gradually to the
as illustrating the position taken by Scotch- migration from Ulster to America. Five-sixths
Irish Americans. The papers were subsequently of the second volume, likewise, are given up to
published in pine volumes, and much good appendices containing a surprising amount of
material for history was thus gathered. The material, thousands of names being presented
papers presented were not uniform in merit, in all sorts of lists connected with Scotch and
some of them being congratulatory and boast- Scotch-American history, all of these collec-
ful in tone, with much looseness of statement; tions evidencing a vast amount of labor of love.
others were carefully prepared and filled with The special chapters bearing particularly upon
matter of historic value. But two things were the Scotch-Irish in America are illogical in
clearly evident as a result of these meetings, – arrangement, and are marred by the boastful
first, that the enthusiastic Scotch-Irish were tendency already mentioned. There are some
disposed to make rash claims for their race valuable features, such as a map with descrip-
representatives; and, second, that American tive notes showing the location of the Scotch-
historians bad not paid enough attention to Irish settlements ; and twenty pages of bibliog-
the part played in our early colonial life by raphy give some notion of the literature to
the Scotch-Irish, Huguenot, and other non- be examined by one who would make himself
English elements of our always cosmopolitan thoroughly familiar with the subject of Scotch
population.
influence on American life. It is only fair to
The last twenty years have witnessed a sur- Mr. Hanna to say that he himself recognizes
prising interest in American colonial history. his own failure to make a history, and to ac-
This has resulted in a great output of books, cord to him the justness of his claim to have
dealing with every possible phase of colonial gathered into his two handsome volumes valu-
life, military, political, economic, and social. able materials, not otherwise easy of examin-
All sorts of societies have published records ation, without which no one could write a
and papers, and neglected heroes and forgotten history of this race.
facts have been dragged to light out of many The name " Scotch-Irish” is an American-
a nook and corner. But there is still oppor. ism, used to describe those sons of Scotland
tunity for some one to present in approved who found homes in the north of Ireland and
*THE SCOTCH-IRISH; or, The Scot in North Britain, North
thence migrated to America. They were not
Ireland, and North America. By Charles A. Hanna. In two truly Irish, but Scotch, and were not particu-
volumes. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
larly affected in race traits by their stay in
THE IMMIGRATION OF THE IRISH QUAKERS INTO PENN-
Ireland. In “The Immigration of the Irish
SYLVANIA, 1682–1750. By Albert Cook Myers. Published
by the author. Swarthmore, Pa.
Quakers into Pennsylvania,” Mr. Albert Cook


326
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
Myers takes early occasion to state that the student in New York, and the reckless sort of
“ Irish ” Quakers were really English, they too
bohemianism which is ever attractive to the young,
having tarried only temporarily in Ireland. but which quickly palls upon the sense. In his
In a volume of nearly five hundred pages of handling of the acutely controversial period of the
attractive typography and illustration he tells Civil War, Mr. Smith is not wholly the apologist
the tale of Irish Quaker immigration into Penn-
for the Southern view, and he realizes that the South
in those days was swept by an epidemic of some-
sylvania during the years 1682 to 1750. After
thing like emotional insanity ; but while bis intel-
a summary sketch of the rise of Quakerism in
lect recognizes the virtue of the Northern temper,
England and its transplantation into Ireland, his heart remains with the society of his boyhood.
the inducements to American migration are We cannot well blame him for this—surely not if
described, and the course of such migration life in the Old Dominion was anything like as
marked out. The real addition to American charming in its human development as he pictures
race history comes in the designation of the it. Indeed, one of the chief questions raised by
places settled by these Irish Quakers, and in
this book — as well as by several others that we have
had of recent years
the collection of facts showing their character-
is the question whether there
istics and the varied features of their social
is to be found anywhere in America to day as fine
life. One-half of the volume is given up to
a type of character and social environment as that
which existed in the South during the first half of
accounts of prominent Irish Friends and to
the century, and was forever swept away by the
genealogical matter, many hundreds of names stormy sixties. If, in making our modern life more
being catalogued which show what an incre- strenuous and purposeful, we have lost our feeling
ment of population America received from this for its finer graces, the satisfaction of the thinking
particular element. Ten pages of bibliography man must remain somewhat qualified, although he
of printed and manuscript sources are supplied, may recognize that the transformation was inev-
and an index of thirty pages completes a most
itable.
pleasing specimen of book-making. There are
Captain Macklin” is a story of adventure in
tens of thousands of descendants of these Irish
a Central American Republic. The hero is sprung
Quakers scattered throughout the Union who
from several generations of soldiers, and becomes a
will find in this volume the story of their im-
West Pointer as a matter of course. Unfortunately
the discipline of the institution makes a victim of
migrant ancestors. It is a real contribution
bim, and he is dismissed in disgrace for a violation
to American race history, and a valuable addi.
of orders. Determined to be a soldier somewhere,
tion to the literature of colonial life.
he consults the newspapers, discovers that a revo-
FRANCIS WAYLAND SHEPARDSON. lution is going on in Honduras, and forthwith sets
out to offer his sword to the insurgents. He is
made a captain on the spot, performs prodigies of
valor, bears a charmed life amid storms of bullets,
and leads his men in triumph to the capital. The
RECENT FICTION.*
triumph is short-lived, for the revolutionists are
The reader of “ The Fortunes of Oliver Horn' betrayed, and depart with an ignominy at least
closes its pages not so much with the sense of having equal to the glory of their entry. Then the hero
read a symmetrical and well-rounded novel as with returns to the bosom of his family in New York to
the feeling that he has had an hour or two of pleas- think it all over. At the close of the book he learns
ant companionship with a group of delightful human of more fighting in Egypt, and sets out for new
beings. Construction has never been the strong scenes and victories, leaving the reader in breathless
point of the versatile Mr. Hopkinson Smith, and in but unrewarded anticipation. This seems to promise
the present instance he seems to have been less con- a further section of the “Memoirs" of this doughty
cerned with it than ever. He has given us instead youth, for the author cannot be so unkind as to
a copious outpouring of genial reminiscence -- 80- leave us in the dark concerning the Egyptian cam-
ciety in Virginia before the war, the life of the art paign. Captain Macklin is not altogether a satis-
* THE FORTUNES OF OLIVER HORN. By F. Hopkinson THE DESERT AND THE Sown. By Mary Hallock Foote.
Smith. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
Boston: Houghton, Miffin & Co.
CAPTAIN MACKLIN: Hi8 MEMOIRS. By Richard Harding OUT OF THE WEST. By Elizabeth Higgins. New York:
Davis. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
Harper & Brothers.
THE LIFE OF A WOMAN. By R. V. Risley. Chicago: LOVE AND THE SOUL HUNTERS. By John Oliver Hobbes.
Herbert S. Stone & Co.
New York : Funk & Wagnalls Co.
The Two VANREVELs. By Booth Tarkington. New THE BLOOD Tax. By Dorothea Gerard. New York:
York: McClure, Phillips & Co.
Dodd, Mead & Co.
THE HERITAGE. A Story of Defeat and Victory. By THE HOUSE UNDER THE SEA. A Romance. By Max
Burton Egbert Stevenson. Boston: Houghton, Miffin & Co. Penuberton. Now York: D. Appleton & Co.
THE HOLLAND WOLVES. By J. Breckinridge Ellis. Chi- THE SEA Lady, By H. G. Wells. New York : D. Apple-
cago: A. C. McClurg & Co.
ton & Co.


1902.)
327
THE DIAL
e of
factory hero; he is too much of a vain-glorious part of Vanrevel, and to the tragic but deserved
blusterer and braggart to appeal to a nice sense death of Gray. The hero is altogether too quixotic
of the heroic. But boys will like to read of his in bis devotion to the friend who encourages the
exploits, and many men are boyish enough to take deception for his own selfish purposes. Even when
a sneaking sort of satisfaction in a story that is Gray's contemptible duplicity comes to light, Van-
told with so much nervous energy, and is so replete revel's one thought is to shield his friend and con.
with stirring incidents. Indeed, the irrepressible tinue to suffer the consequences of the fatal misun-
boyishness of the whole performance is its chief derstanding. It is all cleared up at the end, of
characteristic.
course, and the hero starts for Mexico with the
“The Life of a Woman,” by Mr. R. V. Risley, knowledge that he has won the love of the heroine.
is a story upon that not unusual theme, an ill- Her brute of a father is particularly unconvincing,
assorted marriage. The heroine is a young woman and there is a trick of artificiality about several of
who has yearnings, which she expresses in ungram- the other characters; but the story is prettily told,
matical language. She does not seem to know just and its tension is relieved by an occasional touch
what she wants, but she abhors the thought of a of comedy.
commonplace existence. Having married a sensible The final conquest for civilization of the Ohio
but somewhat stolid man of business, she discovers Valley has offered several recent writers of historical
that life has grown dull. Her existence is simply fiction an attractive theme. Mr. Altsheler's novel
bourgeois and she would like to make it bohemian. is probably the best treatment that the subject has
When children appear, her husband very properly thus far received, but it is possible to say a very
decides that the city is no place in which to rear good word for “ The Heritage,” just published by
them, and, taking it for granted that she will un- Mr. Burton Egbert Stevenson. This story begins
derstand so plain a matter, purchases a charming in Virginia in Revolutionary days, during the boy-
suburban home for his family. But life in a suburb hood of the hero. He grows up just in time to be
means nothing more to her than the daily round of fired with enthusiasm for the pioneer movement
unpleasant duties and the penance of neighborhood toward the Ohio, and becomes an actor in the strug-
gossip. She has absolutely no inner resources, and gle that leads, through the defeat of Harmer and
is miserable. She longs for the excitements of an St. Clair, to the final victory of Wayne. The story
artificial society, and even envies the lot of the girl- has a good deal of Indian fighting, excellently told,
hood friend who is living in Paris as an artist's and a vein of sentimental romance that affords a
mistress. Her husband is much too good for her, pleasant relief to its sterner episodes.
although, being human, he once so far forgets himself In “ The Holland Wolves,” by Mr. J. Breckin-
as to swear in her presence. The outcome of this ridge Ellis, we go back to the days of Spanish per-
situation is not, however, what the seasoned reader secution in the Netherlands and the inspiration of
of novels expects. Instead of breaking away in “ Beggar” patriotism. The noble figure of Egmont
revolt, the wife slowly becomes subdued to her en- and the sinister figure of Alva occupy the centre of
vironment, and we are left with the impression that the stage as far as the characters of actual history
she is the victim of tragic circumstance. At last, are concerned, but the main interest of the romance
this is the impression that the author intends to is private and sentimental. There are some well-
leave, for his story is based upon a morbid concep- drawn figures of Dutchmen, and a rather stunning
tion of human rights and duties. He clearly expects heroine in the person of a maiden (supposedly
us to sympathize with the woman, whereas a sane Spanish) who in male attire accompanies her puta-
view of the whole situation would rather prove
tive father to the wars. The hero is a wandering
provocative of sympathy for the husband, and of French Huguenot, a happy-go-lucky individual who
exasperation with the wife. The book as a whole is peculiarly susceptible to feminine charms, but
is amateurish in design and crude in execution ; it hardly of the stuff that goes to the making of really
is the product of a narrow and unbalanced view of acceptable heroes. The story is stilted in manner
life, which ignores the great principle of reaping as and far from satisfactory in construction.
we have sown, and has no other ideal than that of Mrs. Foote's latest novel, “ The Desert and the
mere hedonism.
Sown,” takes us once more to the far Western re-
Mr. Booth Tarkington's novel of the Mexican gion which she knows so intimately, and of which
War period tells a love-story in terms of delicate she makes such admirable use as a setting for her
old-fashioned sentiment. The scene is somewhere stories. It is as a setting only, and for the pro-
in the Ohio valley, Southern Ohio or Indiana- vision of color and atmosphere, since she never
and the characters are studied with sympathy. The subordinates human interest to anything else. In
scheme of the novel is extremely artificial, and is this case, the interest attaches to a singular situa-
based upon a perfectly impossible complication. tion indeed. The daughter of a wealthy farmer on
There is only one Vanrevel in fact, but the heroine the Hudson has eloped with one of her father's
gets the notion that the name belongs to his friend men, a gentle, devoted, but inefficient creature.
and law partner Crailey Gray. Throughout the Disowned by her family, they have settled in the
book sbe supposes each of these gentlemen to be the far West, and there, after some years of hardship,
other, which leads to much silent suffering on the her husband has disappeared one stormy night,


328
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
man.
leaving it to be inferred that he has perished from spicuous among the characters, and are placed in a
exposure. When the story opens many years after- setting wherein we mingle upon familiar terms with
wards, the supposed widow, long in possession of figures from la haute finance and the British nobil-
the family wealth, and the mother of two grown-up ity, an American millionaire, and the former favor.
children, is on a visit to a western military post. ite of an emperor, known to the stage as La Belle
Her son is betrothed to the daughter of the com- Valentine. The prince is the hero, and he has for
mandant, and the wedding is soon to occur. He secretary an astute middle-aged German named
goes off for a few weeks with a camping party, and Felshammer. Both prince and secretary seek the
great peril overtakes them in the mountains. One love of a certain young woman, and, the former
of the guides is disabled, and the rest of the party, being successful, the latter lies in ambush and shoots
grown panic-stricken, seek their own safety by his master. Since the wound does not prove fatal,
abandoning the guide to his fate. Paul alone, not the secretary thinks he may as well tell his master
being made of cowardly stuff, remains with the sick all about it. “Do you expect to try it again?" asks
Days of fever and semi-starvation follow, the prince. “No," replies the secretary. “Then
and the guide, in his delirium, reveals the fact that I forgive you, but I would rather not see you any
he is Paul's father, and that his early desertion of
more."
We have read this novel with a certain
his wife had resulted from the conviction that she degree of pleasure, for it has a well-constructed
would be better free. Paul has a hard struggle plot and is written in a style that few contemporary
with himself before his better self triumphs, and he novelists can equal. But it is too much of an exotic
is prepared to admit the new-found relationship. to seem a genuine portrayal of human life, and its
After they have been found by the rescuing party, appeal is rather to an artificial than to a natural
the same problem is offered to his mother, but she taste.
hardens her heart, and shows no sign of recogni- The strongly marked Tendenz of “ The Blood-
tion. The father, too proud to betray himself to Tax” will probably frighten some readers away
the injury of wife and children, disappears as soon from a very readable book. Miss Gerard knows
as his strength is restored, and the remainder of the German military world of which she writes,
the book is devoted to Paul's passionate quest for and although her literary art is small, she has inter-
his rediscovery. The scene finally takes us to the esting matter and makes its expression convincing.
old manor-house on the Hudson, and there the old The story is of an Englishman of affairs, wbo ac-
vagrant, who has crawled to his boyhood home to cepts a post in a barracks town in Germany for the
die, is again confronted by his wife, who at last purpose of studying the military system on the spot.
overcomes the pride and self-repression of a life- He believes that England's salvation lies in con-
time, and reveals her secret. This story is told with scription, and wishes to fortify himself for the
marked power and subtlety of analysis ; its outlines propagation of this idea by a first hand observation
are made severe and almost harsh through restraint of militarism in its chief Continental stronghold.
in the use of rhetorical or picturesque ornament, Brought face to face with the German system, he
but the effect is deeply impressive.
perceives the evil concomitants which had escaped
Another story of the West, the scene being Ne- him at a distance, and returns home to advocate,
braska, is the work of Miss Elizabeth Higgins. not conscription, but a plan of education upon the
It is called “Out of the West,” and has nothing of military basis, calling for occasional periods of
the art or insight displayed by Mrs. Foote’s novel, training, but not for the sacrifice of one or more
yet it contrives to be fairly interesting by virtue of years on the part of the individual. The plot of
its qualities of fresh observation, and faithfulness the story is based upon a complication so artificial
in matters of detail. It is the work of an amateur, that to any but German readers imbued with the false
and has many of those loose ends that the amateur ideal of military honor it seems fairly incredible.
never knows what to do with. Characters that The hero is a German dragoon who is disgraced
promise well are introduced only to be dropped, and forced to resign his commission because when
and situations are left only half-developed. The struck by a ruffian in the dark he does not catch his
latter part of the book takes us to Washington (the assailant in time to administer the salutary correc-
hero having become a Congressman), and consti- tion of a sword-thrust. The fellow is arrested by a
tutes the weakest part of the novel. The writer policeman before the officer reaches the spot, and
seems to be a sort of Populist, and her book will thus the opportunity of clearing his tarnished honor
find favor among the discontented.
is forever lost. It sounds like a story from bur-
Mrs. Craigie seems to delight in absurd titles for lesque opera, but is sadly true to German military
her stories, and “Love and the Soul Hunters” is but conditions. Every one of the officer's friends and
the last of a long series of similar indiscretions of associates agrees that resignation is the only course
nomenclature. It is strange that a writer whose style open to him to avoid the scandal of a dismissal in
is so refined, and even distinguished, as hers, should disgrace, and even the heroine weakens and gives
not be able to find simpler and more natural names
although we are led to suppose that she
for her books. The present performance takes us loves him passionately — when he comes to her for
into very fine society indeed. A queen dowager consolation, but in civilian dress. It seems that the
and a prince (temporarily dispossessed) are con- uniform rather than the man was what she had
a
a
him up


1902.)
329
THE DIAL
ours.
a
onous.
cared for all the time. On such a heroine sympa-
NOTES ON NOVELS.
thy would be wasted, and she shall have none of
This object lesson in the inward meaning Mr. Will Payne was one of the first American writers
of militarism is not lost upon the English observer, to see the romantic possibilities of the modern world of
who leaves Germany quite cured of the notion
commerce and finance, and in his literary work he has
that his own country should receive the German
kept himself pretty clearly within that field. The col-
lection of novelettes and short stories wbich make up
gospel.
Mr. Pemberton's “ The House under the Sea" is
his volume, “On Fortune's Road” (McClurg), deal
with banking, various forms of speculation in produce
one of the author's most fantastic imaginings. As
and stocks, with sordid commercial politics, and with
once before, he takes us to the remote Pacific, and manufacturing and labor unions. Into each is woven
we are made to contemplate a strange island fast- skilfully the deeper human interest of the affections,
ness, the home of a gang of wreckers, whose captain and all betray an intimate acquaintance with the details
has wooed and won a fair English maiden and of the business involved. One, “ The Little Lame Boy,”
brought her to this inaccessible spot. She does not is especially tender and graceful, disclosing the suc-
know the horrors of the life before her until it is
cessful man of affairs at the moment when he finds
too late to turn back. How she is eventually res-
himself fairly shut out from the inner life of his wife
and child, an unintentional but inevitable retribution
cued by a faithful sailor friend of her early days is
for his own engrossment in his profession. Photo-
the substance of the narrative. The story gets its
graphic in its fidelity to city life to-day, Mr. Payne's
name from a carious subterranean or submarine re-
work is literary in its suggestiveness and reserve.
treat to which the islanders repair when certain Egypt in the later days of the last century, almost a
dangerous miasms make the air of the island pois- virgin field in fiction, finds delineation in Sir Gilbert
The author does not balk at the wildest Parker's “ Donovan Pasha, and Some People of Egypt'
improbabilities, but he is sufficiently practiced in (Appleton). The titular hero is an Englishman in the
his art to keep them from seeming wholly incredi-
service of Ismail the last Khedive, and his trusted ad-
ble, at least for the moment.
viser because he is poor but honest and an inveterate
teller of truth and interpreter of European sentiment.
From this romance to the romance of an actual
Though small of stature and almost girlish in appear-
mermaid the transition is natural, and a mermaid
ance, Donovan is a mighty man of valor and resourceful
is the heroine of "The Sea Lady,” which is the as a fox, extricating himself and his friends from the
title of the latest contrivance of Mr. H. G. Wells. most hopeless of dilemmas. The volume closes with
The mermaid is a charming creature of her kind, several tales of Tommy Atkins in Egyptian campaign-
who wearies of a watery life, and determines to ing, Sir Gilbert greatly daring in depicting an Irishman
seek the society of humankind. So she bobs up one
in the ranks who is certain to provoke comparisons with
day in the midst of a bathing party, pretending to
the immortal Terence Mulvaney. Episodic in its char-
be a maiden in distress attacked by the cramps.
acter, the book is still one to be read, for information
This, considering her character, is a decidedly hardly less than for pleasure.
Several years ago Mr. A. E. W. Mason wrote a short
“fishy” story, but it serves its purpose. She is
story in which he painted a character, the son of a race
duly rescued, and only after she has been taken
of soldiers, who showed himself a coward in being afraid
ashore by her new friends is the discovery made of of cowardice, though at heart one of the bravest of the
her distinctive anatomy. Her rescuers are kind. brave. It was a situation so striking and so vividly told
hearted, and accede to her request to be allowed to that it must always linger in the memory of its readers.
live with them. She poses as an invalid, and is Now Mr. Mason has expanded this brief tale into a
taken about in a chair, so arrayed as to conceal the
romance of four hundred pages, which he names “ The
distinctive mark of her race. Since the upper half
Four Feathers” (Macmillan). The result is an inter-
of her is a beautiful young woman with golden
esting experiment in literary technique, and one which
is in the main successful. Here the hero resigns from
hair, and since she is both intelligent and well read,
the service just as his command is ordered to the front.
she enjoys a pronounced social success. Her siren
Three of his brother officers detect the device, which
charms presently captivate the rising statesman who was none too subtle at best. Returning to the girl to
serves for a hero, and she lures him away from the whom he is betrothed, the poor fellow receives a box
serious young woman to whom he is betrothed. At containing three white feathers and the cards of his
last, he follows her to the sea, and together they
soldier companions. The girl breaks the engagement
plunge into the unknown. Mr. Wells carries off
to marry, and adds the fourth feather. The rest of the
these difficult situations with his customary inge-
book describes the exhibitions of calm and collected
courage by which the lost estate and self-respect are
nuity, and makes a story that is readable, if not
restored, and has in addition a well-developed love
exactly convincing. There is a good deal of quiet story entwined with the one already mentioned.
humor in the book, especially in its delineation of
“ The Diary of a Saint” (Houghton) is an unusual
the serious young woman (who wants to be like one book, old-fashioned in its manner of telling the story
of Mrs. Humphry Ward's heroines), and its ac- through the device of a day-by-day journal, and highly
count of the way in which mermaids are supplied idealized in the soul of the good woman who writes
with the reading matter which keeps them informed
it. She is liberal in her views concerning dogmatic
about the ways
of the
upper world.
religion, and is therefore held in reproach by many of
her neighbors. But as suffering comes to these neigh-
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. bors she pluckily helps them to bear their burdens,
:


330
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
nurses.
flavor.
a
taking almost more than she should in adopting the in the Maine woods who, as he discovers, is husband to
orphaned child of an unfortunate mother whom she the noblewoman's old nurse, and through this means tbe
She appears at the beginning of the diary as two are brought into contact under romantic and uncon-
engaged to a young man who had her dead father's ventional conditions. Love is declared and there the
entire approval; but she voluntarily breaks the engage- story ends. It is idyllic and replete with delicate senti-
ment when another woman's claims intervene. Much ment, varied by an intimate knowlege of the relations of
suffering came to her in the cumulative manner which the sexes and a wide acquaintance with the world. The
is characteristic of suffering at times, but she finds book is unusual in many particulars, and full of literary
strength to bear it all. The book is one of the best
that Mr. Arlo Bates has written, showing an unex- The crude modernity which has flavored so much of
pected knowledge of other than his customary fields. Miss Ellen Thorneycroft Fowler's work is lacking to a
In “Doctor Bryson” (Scribner), Mr. Frank H. degree in her “ Fuel of Fire" (Dodd, Mead & Co.).
Spearman bas depicted the career of a modern oculist, In its stead is used an ancient superstition foretelling
quite at the head of his profession in the city of Chicago. the downfall of a family the history of which goes back
He falls in love with a wife whose selfish husband to mediæval times. The story is entirely of the present
abandoned her, long before the story opens, when her day, except for the brief prologue, which declares that
father's failure deprived her of the wealth he had mar- Baxendale Hall must be burned down thrice. Two-
ried her for. This lady's little daughter has suffered thirds of the prediction have been fulfilled at the open-
a serious accident to one of her eyes, and it is through ing of the story, which turns largely on the various
this circumstance that the man and woman come to- suspicions attaching to the person who is supposed to
gether, though they are boarding in the same establish- have burnt it down — but on almost the last page, it
ment. Necessarily, diseases of the eye occupy a fore- turns out to be no person at all. There is a love story,
most place in the detail of the book, though it cannot wholly free from morbidity, running through the book.
be said that the profession of the oculist is any more Mrs. Helen Choate Prince has written many novels
prominent bere than the profession of the soldier in which have displayed her mastery of English, but none
stories of war or of the professional trickster in picar- of them shows the grasp upon human affairs of her
esque romance. The story indeed is a faithful picture latest, “The Strongest Master” (Houghton). It is the
of a really important factor in modern life which has story of a living soul that sought redemption. The
remained without fictional celebration until now. It is hero, a young man with everything in life before him,
a complete change from Mr. Spearman's earlier tales is expelled from Harvard for gambling, just as he is
of adventure in the railway service, and, though longer about to get his degree. He realizes to the full what
and better sustained than these, it is not their equal in a mistake bis life has been, and sets bis face toward
treatment or interest.
reformation. Obtaining a situation in a factory, he
Miss Louise Forsslund has written a striking book comes to intimacy with a labor leader, a sentimentalist
in “ The Ship of Dreams” (Harper), a story of the de- and idealist, as so many are.
Not himself alone, but
generate descendants of an aristocratic Long Island the entire world, comes into his plans for regeneration,
family, colonial in its origin. The sin of the heir to a and he suffers vicariously with the unfortunate and un-
great estate follows him and his descendants through happy. Love comes to him then, and with it a clearer
life, carrying its terrible consequences into the life of a insight into actualities. With no abatement of his
beautiful young girl, of gentle nature in spite of sordid idealism, he finds a way to happiness and restoration to
and forbidding surroundings. The theme is worked his father's affections at once. The book is an excellent
out in elaborate detail, the characters are numerous one, and Mrs. Prince's own comprehension of the broader
and well defined, the scenes unusual and with an exotic democracy of life not the least encouraging element
flavor in spite of the locality, and the book as a whole in it.
striking and indicative of power.
The Very Reverend Cyrus Townsend Brady has fore-
Mr. Jack London reaches down to the very bottom gone bloodshed for a time in his writing, and his latest
of the human heart in his collection of short stories, volume, “Woven with the Ship: A Novel of 1865 ;
dealing with the aborigines of Alaska, entitled “ The Together with Certain Other Veracious Tales of Various
Children of the Frost" (Macmillan). Most of these Sorts” (Lippincott), utilizes the navy for no more des-
tales are written without reference to the white race, perate purpose than color and atmosphere. A little less
exhibiting the native tribes in the full possession of than balf of the finely-illustrated volume is given up to
their own lands and lives. Mr. London is able to ana- the novel from which it takes its name, a story in which
lyze savage motives and methods, and the great primal the hero is a naval officer, the heroine the granddaughter
forces swaying mankind stand bare but not repellent in of a naval officer, and most of the other characters con-
bis presentation. The other stories have to do with the nected with the sea. The story is well conceived, and
coming of “civilization,” and here the author's sym- told with a vividness which leaves little to be desired.
pathy for the weaker men and women who are driven The shorter stories which eke out the book are of all
to the wall is quite the finest thing in the book, just as sorts, - naval, prairie, eastern, western, theatrical, mil-
its inexorableness is the harshest. It is an unusual itary, juvenile, British, and American, — displaying the
field that this young western writer has made his own, great versatility of their author.
and bis discoveries are of value.
“ Francezka," Miss Molly Elliot Seawell's latest ro-
The Baroness von Hutten has for the principal figure mance, is woven around the conquests and defeats of
in “Our Lady of the Beeches ” (Houghton) a young Maurice Count of Saxe. Above and beyond this his-
American woman, married to an Hungarian noble with torical element, however, it is a careful study in char-
whose manner of life she is not in full accord. A letter acter in which figure chiefly two brothers, the beautiful
written to an American essayist and man of science and sympathy-compelling girl who is the heroine, and
leads to a correspondence in which both parties conceal the captain in Saxe's bodyguard who tells the story.
their identities. It chances that the man has a guide With much daring, Miss Seawell leads her plot up to
2
a
)


1902.]
831
THE DIAL
of river would serve to distinguish it from other recone (Appleton), by a7. Reginald Wright Kauffman, would
an unmitigated tragedy, the note sounding early and served out their terms are entitled to full reinstatement
making any other outcome artistically impossible. This in modern society, Are Cæsar's"
romances, but it has also a constant interplay of char- be an excellent book. In this case it is a bishop of the
acter and event which are not usual in works of its class. Anglican Church who finds occupation for his nephew
And, in addition, there is an insistent mystery through after the latter's release from the penitentiary. As the
the last third of the narrative, not cleared up until the facts of his former life become known, the ex-convict is
concluding chapter. Miss Seawell, in other words, has of course thrown back upon his criminal pursuits, if he
taken both her work and her art seriously, and has given is to make a living at all. That he is strong enough to
the reading world a story far above the average of resist crime in the face of starvation, that he finds a
present-day romance. (Bowen-Merrill Co.)
former prison-mate his only friend, and that a good
Having yielded to the persuasions of the man with woman should not withold her love because of his early
whom she was for a moment infatuated, the heroine of career, combine to give the book real interest. The basic
Mr. Alexander Black's “ Richard Gordon " (Lothrop) problem remains unsolved, as it must, but the story is
refuses to marry, as a result of her discoveries of both a great improvement in every respect upon “Jarvis of
her and his true nature, and thenceforth dooms herself Harvard," from the same pen.
to celibacy. To her comes a successful lawyer pleading In “ The Lady of the Barge” (Dodd, Mead & Co.)
his passion. Though he feels his love to be returned, Mr. W. W. Jacobs returns to an earlier manner with a
she still rejects him. He embarks in politics, and, when succession of stories of coasting craft, delightfully naïve
the war with Spain breaks out, goes with his regiment and humorous, in nearly all of which a woman or two
to the front. Returning, he is elected to the state legis- succeeds in placing the men with whom she is asso-
lature of New York. Behind the principal story appears ciated in laughable predicaments. One or two of the
a pitiful little experience between Gordon's sister and tales deal with sailors on the high seas, and three at
a self-indulgent painter, utterly without scruple, whom least have the element of horror and mystery and crime
he has singularly befriended. The book shows an inti- predominant. All are very brief, wholly episodic, and
mate knowledge of local political affairs and meth all interesting. As in former collections of his tales,
contains many cbaracters which stand out as types, and Mr. Jacobs avoids the element of pathos to a marked
exbibits painstaking workmanship and no small literary degree. But the foibles of bumankind are dealt with
ability.
gently in every case, and the laughter is always with-
It is a pleasure to record the charm and literary out rancor.
worth of Mr. Roswell Field's little story, " The Romance Mr. Herman Bernstein does not succeed in imparting
of an Old Fool" (William S. Lord). Few books, to anything of the spirit of America to his collection of
begin with, have succeeded in finding a name so indi- short stories of the ghetto, published under the collec-
cative, not only of the substance of the tale, but of tive title of “ In the Gates of Israel” (J. F. Taylor &
the spirit with which it is animated. A widower left Co.). In its stead will be found something of the uni-
rich through bis wife's death is leading a placid and versality of the modern Jew, and his ability to retain
easy existence, his age and inclination establishing a his elaborate ceremonial and rabbinical learning under
sort of avuncular relationship between himself and all circumstances the most adverse. It is evident from
the pretty girls in the western suburban town where bis phrases in the book, as well as from the frontispiece to
home is situated. He returns to the little New Eng- the volume, that the scene of Mr. Bernstein's stories
land village where he was born and brought up, and is laid in New York ; yet it might be any of the Eu-
here he chances upon the daughter of his first sweet- ropean capitals so far as local color is concerned. To
heart. With a mind mellowed by recollection, he con- many the interesting fact in American Jewry is the diffi-
ceives for her a mild, middle-aged affection, which he culty which ancient customs, made more binding by
endeavors to convert into a real passion by consulting ages of unmerited persecution, have in withstanding the
the books in his library. It would be manifestly unfair religious freedom of this republic, and the rapidity with
to both author and reader to anticipate the story fur. which the Jew takes on American characteristics. There
ther, so much pleasure is certain to result from its per- is little of this in Mr. Bernstein's pages, but a true pic-
usal. Really, the only fault to be found with the book ture rather of the immigrants who are not yet in full
is its brevity.
contact with American national life.
Miss Eleanor Gates's “The Biography of a Prairie M. Maurus Jokai appears in a new field, almost
Girl” (Century Co.) is a pleasant bit of realism, rem- Rabelaisian in its suggestions, in his latest book, entitled
iniscent in its point of view of some recent Scotch “ Told by the Death's Head” (Saalfield). A military
romances. An American family in the Dakotas, made engineer in the days when gunpowder was first finding
up of three brothers and a sister, passes through all general use in Europe is brought before a mixed tri-
sorts of difficulties, tragic and trivial, only to triumph bunal, military and ecclesiastical, and the crime of
over them with fine courage and persistency. The nat- betraying military secrets brought home to him. He
ural scenery about them is fully realized by the little pleads nothing in extenuation, but makes open confes-
heroine, and she finds her pleasure in this and in her sio of the fact that he has committed every other
desultory studies. Miss Gates is fortunate in inter- known crime besides, violating the commands of church
preting these things to her readers, who will rise from and state with entire impartiality. The lay member of
the book with an increased respect for the men and the tribunal shows a somewhat unholy interest in the
women now wresting the living of the world from its adventures which brought this result about, and, though
soil at the cost of isolation and spiritual hardship. This the man is under condemnation to death, permits his
is a real western novel, and the absence of so-called execution to be deferred for the purpose of allowing
“ love interest” makes it all the better reading.
him to disclose his methods of infraction of the moral
Were it not for the incredulity that must follow upon
and civil law. M. Jokai's amazing knowledge of
a forced acceptance of the idea that convicts who have Europe at the dawn of the Renaissance is displayed in


332
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
his account of the wide wanderings of bis hero, and the appears in English under the title, “ The Earth and
book stands quite by itself among his translated works. the Fullness Thereof: A Romance of Modern Styria ”
The third of the war stories of Mr. B. K. Benson is (Putnam). The hero is a young man who has turned
called “ Bayard's Courier” (Macmillan), and it enables newspaper writer after bis service in the Austrian army,
bis readers to construct a formula which covers them until, disgusted with city life, he undertakes to earn a
all. A careful study of a portion of the struggle be- livelihood in the country. After many rebuffs, the
tween the States gives him command of the scene and recounting of which is redolent of humor, he secures
the participants down to the most minute details. To a position on a peasant's farm, and becomes the head
this, in order to enable the reader to follow both sides servant. There is a pretty girl in the family, the win-
of the contest, is added a confusion of identities. In ning of whom takes more time than the city man bad
the first book it was a man with double identity; in the at first supposed. The style of the book, like its
latest it is a pair of unwitting twins, one federal and subject matter, differs greatly from Herr Rosegger's
one confederate, who contribute to the complications, other novels as they are known in America, being lighter
even up to the daring point of a marriage through error. and more hopeful in tone and exhibiting a deeper
There is a simplicity about Mr. Benson's narrative, an knowledge of city life. There is much more humor,
absence of sophistication, wbich is appealing to those too, though it is of the Teutonic order. The impres-
jaded with psychological complexities; and with the sion left is one of great good nature and peace with all
exception of a single chapter there is a real advance in the world.
literary skill and manner of expression.
By taking the beginning of Babylonian greatness
“When Love Is Young" was a book which caught rather than its ending, Mr. Josiah M. Ward has given
the transient affections of childhood so successfully bis “Come with Me into Babylon ” (Stokes) not only
that one could have been pardoned for believing a repe- distinction of theme, but has left himself quite free from
tition of the same feat impossible. But Mr. Roy Rolfe the claims of supernaturalism inherent in the scriptural
Gilson has strengthened his position in his second vol- narrative of the fall of that great city. Historically,
ume, “In the Morning Glow" (Harper). It deals with his hero is Nebuchadnezzar, not yet elevated to the
the elders of a family and the children also, as seen throne, but bearing a foremost part in bringing Nineveh
with a boy's eyes. There are eight tales, or chapters, to the ground with the assistance of the Medes, Per-
as they might have been called, — and in every one of sians, and other allies. It is the prince of one of these
them the small boy's point of view is set forth with a Asiatic tribes who is most in the reader's eye, however,
charming accuracy, enabling the oldest of fogies to re- and a strong and heroic figure has been made of him.
new his own youth. The humor is real, deepening into Mr. Ward has a full comprehension of the extent to
tears at times, - and that not always when sorrow which the peoples of Mesopotamia were priest-ridden
comes to the happy little family. The illustrations by in the period he has chosen for celebration, and he has
Mrs. Alice Barber Stephens add greatly to the value of made excellent use of the great banking house of Egibi,
the text.
and of the Jews who were already in Babylon. The very
In “ Napoleon Jackson: The Gentleman of the Plush absence of authentic history has given him a latitude
Rocker” (Century Co.) Mrs. Ruth McEnery Stuart which has been wisely used, and the book is uniformly
adds another to her tales of mingled humor and pathos | interesting.
dealing with negro life in the South. Napoleon Jackson Miss Alice Woods is both author and illustrator of
is a gentleman of color who was marked by an over- “Edges” (Bowen-Merrill Co.), a romance of the New
worked mother for “rest” before his birth. And rest England coast and of the studios of Paris. The former
he does, in a fine red plush rocking-chair, while his locality serves to introduce two art students of different
faithful wife supports them both and a numerous pro- sexes, and with them a well-drawn little Yankee urchin
geny into the bargain ; until the whites of the neigh- who obtains the reader's heart through his quaint natur-
borhood determine to put an end to his idleness. A alness. After the two painters have thoroughly wrapped
mock trial is arranged for, and the attendance of the themselves up in one another, the heroine goes to the
entire Jackson family secured. The objections of the French capital, and increases her lover's interest by a
old grandmother that the same sort of conduct among number of charming letters wbich eke out the narrative.
whites leads to no interference, and the wife's plea that At last he follows her, and the inevitable happens.
if she is satisfied — and she is — she sees no reason why There is a full flavor of the better sort of bohemian
the rest of the world should not be, bring about an life everywhere in the book. The illustrations are clever;
acquittal. Few recent books have in them so much of but the tone of the paper used in the volume, a pallid
genuine human nature as this.
yellow, is far from prepossessing.
The short stories which Miss Josephine Dodge Das- Mr. Julian Ralph has written many better books than
kam has brought together in a volume bearing the title “ The Millionairess” (Lothrop), which is a sequel to
of the initial tale, “Whom the Gods Destroyed" (Scrib- his “ An Angel in a Web," and like most sequels, a dis-
ner), are serious little matters, concerned with the seamy appointment. The two books have the same heroine,
side of life. There are eight of them, covering questions but whereas in the former story she was coming into
spiritual and mystical, bits of pathos that have little her great fortune, in the latter she is learning how to
lame boys and sad old almshouse women in them, lives use it. A large part of the book is devoted to a dem-
wrecked through drink — and these not always the lives onstration of the differences between the “smart set,"
of the drinkers, — a pitiful young poet who was all tem- which appears to be nearly everthing it ought not to
perament, and for conclusion a most carefully-wrought be, and the smaller social circle of picked men and
bit of symbolism. There is depth to such work, as well women who have succeeded in literature and the other
as breadth, and the outlook upon life is that of sympa- arts or have achieved a name for actually doing some-
tby and comprehension.
thing in the world. So strong a picture does Mr. Ralph
Miss Frances E. Skinner has made an authorized paint of the fashionable New York clique, especially of
translation of Herr Peter Rosegger's third novel, which one or two impecunious members of it, and so nearly
66
)
a
a


1902.]
333
THE DIAL
66
to rob his heirs of the jewels of whichonis theme is largely The biso the Dorsetshire of William Barnes which
one
a
the perfect lady” does he draw his heroine, that the The girl has a guardian who appears in the book chiefly
reader's sympathies fail to go in the direction evidently for the purpose of marrying her in all her innocence to
intended. Mr. Ralph is certainly capable of better one who is little more than an acquaintance, though
things.
a man of cultivation and letters. Single-handed, with-
Detective stories, since they invariably deal with the out her husband's knowledge, she undertakes the work
fundamental passions of human nature, possess an in- of warning vessels away from the threatening coast,
terest not always proportionate to their literary worth. and her reward comes at the close of the book. A
A case in point is Mr. E. W. Hornung's “ The Shadow clergyman plays an important part in laying the way
of the Rope” (Scribner), where the murder of an for the change effected in the fishers' minds and souls,
elderly miser is followed by a series of daring attempts and his crown of glory is given him in another manner.
book is out of the
. problem con-
fusion of indentities and a direction of suspicion toward meets in “ The Manor Farm” (Longmans), by Mrs.
an innocent person, who serves as the hero of the ro- Francis Blundell -- “M. E. Francis.” Quotations from
mance, the heiress of the miser being the heroine. It Barnes's poems in the dialect of the countryside head
is only just to say that the story is interesting to a de- every chapter. An estate held for several generations
gree, and quite as good of its kind as any detective by a family of yeomen has been divided in days gone
story recently written.
by and is now held by two cousins. One has a son, the
With his pseudo-bistorical romance of “ The Climax" other a daughter; and, naturally enough, the two are
(C. M. Clark Co.) Mr. Charles Felton Pidgin has car- affianced to one another while yet in infancy. And,
ried nearly to the point of absurdity the fashion set no less naturally, the boy and girl, growing up in the
by Mrs. Atherton in “ The Conqueror.” The earlier closest intimacy, rebel against the decree they had no
chapters read, indeed, as if Mr. Pidgin intended his share in making. The young man carries his revolt to
book as an antidote to Mrs. Atherton's panegyric of the point of leaving home, actuated by a sudden in-
Alexander Hamilton, though Mr. Pidgin attacks Jeffer- fatuation for a pretty but calculating schoolmistress
son quite as strongly as does Mrs. Atherton. His hero is from a neighboring town. After he has left home and
Aaron Burr, erected to the stature of a demi-god. The suffered disinheritance in consequence, her reason for
actualities are left after a few pages, and the story strikes listening to his suit is gone, and he comes forth sadly
out into the conjectural. Burr is elected president of disillusioned. The rest of the argument may safely be
the United States; he conquers Mexico, Canada, South left to the reader's imagination. It is a pleasant little
America, and leaves the stars and stripes waving over tale, the dialect not being too recondite for American
the entire continent. By wise legislation he brings the readers, and the pastoral picture being clearly drawn.
people of this vast territory into peace and plenty, and Life is still worth living in rural England, as this story
passes away as the crowning figure of all human history. proves.
Mr. Pidgin's literary powers are too limited to bring Mrs. Kate Upson Clark, the author of “ White But-
conviction to his readers, and the book is really one for terflies,” has written another idyllic story of semi-rural
the curious.
life, calling it “Up the Witch Brook Road” (J. F.
There is a return to a day almost forgotten in politer Taylor & Co.). The scene is laid somewhere in the in-
letters in Mrs. Augusta Evans Wilson's “ A Speckled terior of the country at a period before the civil war.
Bird” (Dillingham). Little has been learned and Two young Bostonians come into the region prospecting
nothing forgotten, apparently, by Mrs. Wilson since the for gold, with little chance of finding it. They intro-
production of "St. Elmo" — and that was in 1866. duce an agreeable flutter in a dove-cote of young women,
The new book is crowded with detail and episode, - the aunts or cousins once removed of the little girl
enough, almost, for six books as they are written nowa- who tells the story. What seems to be a murder throws
days. There is the same use of the abstruse knowledge the little community into a state of prime excitement,
to be gleaned from popular encyclopædias. The men wherein the prejudice of the rustic against the city
are of astonishing size and learning and character, either man seems to threaten the very lives of the men from
very good or very bad.
The women are paragons of Boston. The spirit of the book, in spite of this and of
their sex, and the victims of circumstances which give another tragedy recorded, is simple, sweet, and serene,
them an insistent appeal to sentiment. Mrs. Wilson and serves to convey an accurate picture of a distant
was a pioneer in the demand for the higher education day.
of women, and her latest heroine is a college graduate Villains come to the front in Mr. S. Levett-Yeats's
accordingly. The story turns on the love this girl bears later romances, and “ The Lord Protector” (Long-
to her father, a plausible and inevitable scoundrel who mans) is quite without a hero except as Cromwell may
began his downward career as a carpetbagger. The be supposed to occupy the centre of the stage. And it
one novelty in the book is a labor agitator, who is so- is a thorough-going rascal, a deceiver of women and a
cialist and anarchist in one. Unquestionably “A Speckled traitor to any cause, who serves as the protagonist here.
Bird” will be widely read, and that by those to whom His unfaithfulness leads to his complete undoing, and
books in a later manner make no appeal whatever. if ever an evil doer had poetical justice meted out to
Miss Le Feuvre's stories have always an insistent him it is this one. There is the same vividness of con-
strain of evangelical Christianity running through them, ception and interesting historical detail that have marked
and her latest, “ A Daughter of the Sea" (Crowell), is the earlier work of this author, and the scriptural lan-
no exception. The scene is laid upon a rocky shore in guage in the mouths of the followers of Parliament
England, where
young girl grows up as free as the adds an element rarely found in stories of the sword-
winds and waves about her. Her companions, fisher- and-cloak order. Mr. Levett-Yeats has little sympathy
folk by occupation, are wreckers whenever opportunity with the deeds and character of Cromwell, and paints
offers, and it is the heroine's self-imposed duty to bring him as suffering infinite remorse for his share in the
these people to a realization of the claims of humanity. execution of Charles.
a
"


834
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
Having written an interesting drama, Mr. Opie Read ing all candidates for lieutenancies in the army to
has turned it into a book not so interesting, calling it show four generations of nobility on the father's
still “ The Starbucks” (Laird & Lee). The reduction
side, “ spread despair and furious resentment in the
to fiction form of a play that has been acted is certain
middle classes of France, and flung them back into
to give the narrative a quality that makes against litera-
the serfdom of the peasantry,”.
ture of the better sort, and it is rather as a souvenir
'-a fate which, to
of the play than as a work in itself that the volume is
say the least, is ill-described, since very few of the
valuable. The story is concerned with the mountaineers
peasants were serfs. She also becomes eloquent over
of Tennessee, among whom a city woman and her the legendary pacte de famine. In her references
nephew take refuge against the more intense life of to Louis XVI. she heaps up adjectives expressive
civilization. The Starbuck family shelters them, and of loathing. In one passage she calls him "an im-
a double romance springs up between the aunt and becile - a waddling, blinking, corpulent, bungling,
preacher son, and the nephew and pretty daughter. incapable imbecile, defective in body, deficient in
,
There is a great deal of the sort of sentiment that ap-
mind, with the low receding forehead of an idiot,
peals to the play-going public in the story, and there is
and a monstrous chin, that measured the third of
a great deal too much dialogue, - inherited faults from
the original dramatization. Yet Mr. Read is so familiar
his face." In spite of this outburst, she reproduces
with his ground, and the characters are so well differ-
(opposite page 378) a “magnificent” portrait of
entiated, that the story is entirely readable.
Louis, presented to Mercy-Argenteau in 1776. This
In “Wolfville Nights" (Stokes), another book of is certainly the most flattering portrait of the king
the sort that Mr. Alfred Lewis has identified himself in existence, and represents him as a handsome,
with in recent years, there is no apparent diminution of rather slender man. The author's etyle shows a
unusual incident, though the scene and characters are headlong liveliness mistaken for esprit. She con-
those which have already done service in three or four
stantly throws in French phrases easily translatable,
previously-published volumes. These Wolfville stories,
which fail in their present form to add the desired
however, since they depict a frontier cattle town in days
which have gone for ever, are typical of so much in our
piquancy to the expression of thought. Notwith-
shifting civilization that we can hardly have too much
standing these defects, it is possible by a judicious
of them from one who has lived the life he describes. use of the selections to form some impression of
The dialect itself, a wonderful admixture of uncouth
Marie Antoinette's character between 1770 and
phrasing and nervous idiom, is well worth preserving. 1778.
The most original part of the new volume is the ex-
tended dedication to Colonel William Greene Sterrett,
It is rather exceptional in present-
The evolution of
who has been assigned so prominent a place in all the
political theories.
day scholarship to read in the pre-
annals of Wolfville.
face of a book such as Professor
Dunning's “ Political Theories, Ancient and Mod
ern" (Macmillan) words so modest as the following:
“ If the successive transformations through which
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
the political consciousness of men has passed from
It is nearly thirty years since the early antiquity to modern times are rendered in
Secret letters about
Marie Antoinette.
Chevalier D'Arneth, director of the any degree more intelligible, or even if any sugges-
Imperial archives of Austria, pub- tion is given through which another pen may here-
lished the Correspondance secrète entre Marie after render them more intelligible, this volume will
Thérèse et le comte de Mercy-Argenteau. From not bave been issued in vain.” This seems almost
these letters Miss Lillian C. Smythe has selected too unassuming an attitude for a writer who must
passages for translation and comment, and has put have undertaken a work of that character not as a
the whole into two volumes aggregating 700 pages, diversion, but with a definite ambition of supplying
under the title “The Guardian of Marie Antoinette a want and enriching our knowledge. Perhaps this
(Dodd). Even those unacquainted with the letters attitude is inspired by an examination of the pro-
in their original form will be able to discover from found and masterly work of Gierke lately translated
these selections that the correspondence is indis- into English, which of course cannot help influ.
pensable for the study of Marie Antoinette's devel- encing the reader's opinion of Professor Dunning's
opment. Unhappily, the commentator has not made treatment of the same period. Be this as it may,
the wisest use of her opportunity. It is impossible his book is throughout agreeably unassuming in
to edit such letters without some knowledge of the the author nowhere thrusts forward his learn.
condition of France during the eighteenth century ing to be admired, - indeed, he can hardly be said
beyond that which may be gained from an uncrit- to express an opinion with a personal note in it, but
ical familiarity with the memoirs of the period. As gravely and dispassionately follows up his subject
the author's comments are thrown into the form of from Plato to Machiavelli. The discussion of po-
a narrative this defect becomes more glaring. For litical theories is in each case preceded by a sketch
example, she speaks of the abolition of the old parlia- of the political history of the period, and of the
ments by Maupeou as “the first grapple between the prevailing form of government from whose practices
people and the despotism of royalty.” Whatever this the philosophers drew their experience of politics in
attempted reform may have been, it was not that. general. These sketches appear to us the least sat-
She further declares that the edict of 1781, requir- isfactory parts of the book. In the case of Greece
9)
tone;


1902.)
835
THE DIAL
.
and Rome they are superfluous, and contain nothing pioneer and have endeared his memory to the stren-
but what is already known; and in the case of uous youth of every generation since his own, are
medieval political history, the review is hardly made clearly manifest in this volume. The "ghort
comprehensive enough. It is not merely with the and simple annals" of the advance-guard of our
empire and the papacy, the two phases of original Western settlements are here seen to be of the stuff
power, that a discussion of this kind ought to be from which romance is woven, and to be, indeed,
concerned, but also with the delegated power which essentially and intrinsically romantic. Those who
meant feudal rule and was equivalent to more than have followed with interest the fortunes of “ Alice
balf the power in the state. An equally important of Old Vincennes" and her compeers, in march,
phase was city self-government. If, instead of raid, and battle, and through adventure, capture,
confining himself so entirely to the philosophical and hardship, to final triumph, may find all the
,
digressions of the schoolmen, with their composite romance of the novelist duplicated in this recital of
of Aristotle, Rome, and Church-law, the author had the cold facts of one life, spent in the very
fields
undertaken to extract the workable and equally and forests, and along the same frontier occupied
potent theories of government presented in the laws by the novelist's story, and in the company, too,
and customs, the result for the mediæval period of the very characters of our frontier history who
might have been less halting and indefinite. The were made to live and act in the pages of that stir-
ecclesiastical writers, although excellently equipped ring romance. Yet it was once lamented that there
for presenting the ideas of the Church on universal was so little of the romantic in America.
government, had altogether too vast and vague a
conception of rule to enlighten us upon what was
The completion
The completion of Professor Bald-
of a great
in reality the theory of medieval politics. On the
win's" Dictionary of Philosophy and
reference book.
other band, the author's own treatment of these
Psychology” is itself a notable event.
questions is original, and may help to dispel from
The work was begun five years ago; the first vol-
the student's mind the current opinion, entertained
ume appeared a year ago, and was reviewed in THE
too long, that the Middle Age was unpolitical. In. Dial of October 16, 1901 ; the third volume will be
deed, the period of legislation and written consti-
devoted to Bibliographies, and is in a measure a
tations was not yet come; but the making of consti- separate work. All that was said of the first vol.
tutions was nevertheless an every-day practice.
ume applies with increased emphasis to the work as
The book manifests extensive reading, and presents
a whole. It is a distinct achievement to have car-
results with great clearness ; not a word is wasted,
ried through so successfully an undertaking of this
everything serves its proper purpose of giving in-
kind; and while the work is international in char-
formation and instruction.
acter, it can fairly be set down as a highly creditable
testimonial to the philosophers and psychologists
That the romantic and the realistic of America. It testifies at once to the very great
The romance of
a real life.
bave long since joined hands in importance which is attached to these subjects in
America, has been shown by abun- modern thought, and to the characteristically prom-
dant evidence; and new proof is furnished by Mr. inent position that these studies occupy in the Amer-
R. G. Thwaites, in his recent biography of the ican intellectual life. It seems likely that the various
great hunter of Kentucky, Daniel Boone, issued as needs of the various persons who will go to this die-
one of the series of “Life Histories” (Appleton). tionary for help, will be reasonably satisfied. The
This remarkable career is here traced graphic- encyclopædic features of the work are decidedly to be
ally from beginning to end. The restlessness of commended; and on the whole those articles are most
the habitual woodsman made Boone continuously a valuable that have been presented with sufficient
pioneer, and four several times he abandoned a detail to give some taste of the spirit of inquiry that
settled neighborhood for a new and farther advanced has been instrumental in formulating the results set
position on the very frontier of civilization ; for he down. Had all the articles been treated with the ful-
always found the settlements “too crowded," and ness accorded to those on Logic, the work would have
he ever required, as he once declared, “ more elbow- extended to double its present size; while the treat-
room,” even when making his last remove, at the ment of the Oriental Philosophies is out of all pro-
age of sixty-five. Mr. Thwaites’s portraiture of the portion to that of any other topic whatever. Like-
forest huntsman, Indian warrior, frontier settler, wise it is true that on several important matters
border surveyor, military commander, and Western the dictionary is no more adequate than one not
statesman, gives a vivid idea of the characteristics devoted to the special disciplines which it covers.
of this pioneer in many States. While Boone was Such failures of proportion are inevitable when so
never a great man nor a brilliant leader, and was many minds contribute to so complex a task ; and
always unsuccessful in his personal speculations, the editor has, in the main, reduced them to a mia-
yet he was an excellent and a picturesque example | imum. He has likewise been more than liberal in
of those sturdy yeomen whose work it was to de- the treatment accorded to such topics as Telepathy
velop the greatness of the Mississippi valley. His and Psychical Research; many will conclude that
contributions to that work, and the elements of such hospitality is in a measure misplaced, not per
rogged strength which made him successful as a se, but in the consequences that are apt to ensue


336
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
therefrom. But a criticism that is itself sane and have thus far been few in number (except for
generous will have little to excuse and much to ap- the novelists) and poor in quality, and the his-
plaud in the assignments of parts and the manner tory of Russian literature from the earliest times
of their execution. In the completion of this work down to the last century is practically a sealed
another standard and much-needed aid has been book to most of our readers. Pushkin we know, and
added to those that already serve as milestones in Gogol, and their successors, but concerning Russian
the progress of learning.
literature more than a hundred years old the gen-
eral public has practically no fond of information.
Some worthies
The history of the city of Charles- A name of two in the present volume— Lomonosov
of old Charlestown, town, Massachusetts, the biogra- or Derzhavin— may awaken some association, but
Massachusetts.
phies in brief of its leading and most of the names mentioned are absolutely un.
long-resident citizens, and the familiar reminiscences known. In his introductory pages, Professor Wiener
of most of the families of the town, are all summed gives us a conspectus of existing English translation
up gracefully and entertainingly by Mr. Timothy and criticism, and a meagre showing it makes.
a
T. Sawyer, in a goodly book of over 500 pages After a sketch of the history of Russian literature,
entitled “Old Charlestown" (James H. West Co.). in thirty or forty pages, he begins his proper task
The author, who was himself of the honorable with a translation of the treaty with the Greeks made
procession of eminent citizens, knew his subjects in 911. Legal documents, ecclesiastical writings and
well, participated in a very large part of the events chronicles are chiefly characteristic of the first sec-
worth narrating in a town history, and may well tion of the work, although we find here also a few
say to his readers, “ Magna pars fui.” The kindly songs and the striking epic of “The Word of Igor's
gossip of such a townsman will of course appeal, Armament.” Then follows a section of folklore,
first of all, to the inhabitants of that particular part including folksongs and fables, and then a section
Boston
and relatives. But the
list of names of those who Most of the translations have been made expressly
are the subjects of these reminiscences will bespeak for this work, although the editor has not hesitated
for Mr. Sawyer's modest volume the respectful to draw upon the material offered by earlier trans-
attention of a large circle of American readers. lators. His debt is thus considerable to Sir John
Among the residents of Charlestown, by birth or Bowring (although the Derzhavin “ Ode to God”
adoption, we find such eminent names as Edward is given in a less familiar but more literal version),
Everett, Governor and Senator; Nathaniel Gorham and to the remarkable work of Mrs. Edward Robin-
and Samuel Dexter, statesmen; Dr. Jedidiah son (“ Talvi ") which“ is authoritative even now in
Morse, geographer; Prof. S. F. B. Morse, artist many departments that have not been overthrown
and electrician; Richard Frothingham, historian; by later investigations." We shall await with much
Edwin H. Chapin and Thomas Starr King, preach. interest the concluding volume of this work, which
ers ; Charles Devens, jurist ; William D. Kelley, will deal with the fairly familiar writers and books
congressman; Oliver Holden, hymn-writer and of the nineteenth century.
author of “Coronation "; and Harvard, Tufts,
Doane, Colby, and Carleton, the name of each of Literary Europe
The eighth volume in point of pub-
whom has been given to and perpetuated in an
lication, and the ninth in the serial
of Voltaire.
American college. The old town has also been
order, of Professor Saintsbury's
visited by and has suitably entertained such illus-
“Periods of European Literature" (Scribner) has
trious visitors as Washington, Lafayette, Webster,
just appeared. It is entitled “ The Mid-Eighteenth
and Kossuth. It is indeed a wealth of lively remi- | Century,” and is the work of Mr. J. H. Millar. The
niscences in which are gathered and preserved the
period is exactly that of the literary career of Vol-
ana of such a group of men and their numberless
taire, who is naturally the most conspicuous figure
contemporaries.
among the many dealt with. The exigencies of the
series to which this book belongs have made it bet-
An anthology of
Professor Leo Wiener has projected ter to exclude from the volume such English writers
an important "Anthology of Russian as Swift and Pope, who belong to the Augustan Age,
literature.
Literature” (Putnam), to present as well as Lessing, who will be considered in a later
biographical sketches and typical extracts repre- volume dealing with the great age of German liter-
sentative of all periods from the tenth to the nine- ature. Even Rousseau and Diderot are here con-
teenth century. The work is to fill two volumes, sidered only in part, their later work being reserved
and the first of them, extending to the close of the for final judgment in the history of “ The Romantic
eighteenth century, is now at hand. While we can Revolt.” The literatures of France and England
hardly agree with the editor in thinking that Rus- make up nine-tenths of the contents of the present
sian is soon destined to take an important place in volume. The opening two chapters are devoted to
the American educational curriculum, we are sure Voltaire, Montesquieu, and the group of " Encyclo-
that he has done us a valuable service in supplying pædia writers"; then follows a chapter on English
this generous representation of the literature of his philosophy; then five further chapters concerning
country, for English translations from the Russian both French and English works in the five depart-
in the age
Russian


1902.]
337
THE DIAL
C6
و۱
6
names.
Clara Morris.
a
ments of fiction, poetry, the drama, history and eco- Rhythm in Greek” is an inevitable step, and an
nomics, and criticism and memoirs. “The Rest of eminently sane conclusion is reached, which sees no
Europe” gets the ninth chapter, and a far too per- difficulty in correlating accent and quantity, while
functory treatment, in view of the fact that it in- discriminating between verses spoken and verses
cludes Klopstock, Wieland, Ewald, Swedenborg, sung. The remaining chapters, on “Foot, Ictus,
Goldoni, and Metastasio, to mention only a few Cyclic' Feet" and "Compound and Mixed Me-
Mr. Millar has performed his task in a ters,” are more technical and equally sound.
workmanlike manner, and combined with scholarly
acquaintance with his subject an attractive style. The history of
The series of “Oxford University
a famous College Histories ” (Dutton) is en-
The “Stage
When a volume of theatrical remi-
English college.
riched by the account of Oriel pre-
Confidences" of niscences from the pen of Clara pared by Mr. David Watson Rannie, M.A., sometime
Morris is announced, we look for- a member of the college. Oriel has an interesting
ward to its publication with pleasurable anticipations history, running back to its foundation by Adam de
based upon the author's exceptional qualifications Brome, in the service of Edward II., in the year
for her task. The volume of her “Stage Confi.
Names of significance in all of England's
dences” (Lothrop Publishing Company) contains activities are to be found on the roll of the college
many choice bits, with little of that unnecessary through more than four hundred
years.
John
padding frequently resorted to in similar volumes Keble, John Henry Newman, Hartley Coleridge,
to fill space. In short, it is a characteristically frank Joseph Blanco White, James Anthony Froude,
and racy book. Opening with a chapter dedicated Arthur Hugh Clough, Mark Pattison, and Thomas
to the "stage-struck” girl, warning her of obstacles Hughes, may be mentioned among those of the last
and hindrances with the candor of one who has
century, with
many more equally well known. Oriel
known them all, the author talks with humor, point, fellowships have always been highly prized, and
and charm of the mysterious and alluring life be- many men have been attracted by them from the
hind the footlights; she gives us peeps at the shams other colleges. Mr. Rannie's account is interesting,
and deceptions of the stage, and in a peculiarly open and follows the events of history closely, while it is
manner strips it of its false glitter. The most in- inclusive enough to devote a chapter to the athletics
teresting portions of the book are made up of the of the college. Photographs of both the exteriors
little stories of the actress' own career which show and interiors of the buildings aid in leaving that
how truly the most dramatic scenes in plays reflect indefinable impression of cultivation and tradition
the happenings of actual life. The interspersed which must continue to be the despair of many
illustrations are exceedingly life-like, and a number American institutions of learning for some gen-
are valuable as portraits of a by-gone generation erations.
of men and women of more or less talent and dis-
tinction.
The note-book of
The Reverend H. D. Rawnsley has
always identified himself with a re-
Meter and rhythm
“Chapters on Greek Metric” (Scrib- the English lakes.
gion already famous in the annals of
ner), by Professor Thomas Dwight English literature, and this identification is now
,
and English. Goodell, is not the least important
carried another step by his “ Rambler's Note-Book
of the “ Yale Bicentennial Publications,” contain-
at the English Lakes" (Macmillan). Eighteen
ing as it does an inquiry into the entire question brief
papers
the contents of the present
raised by Hellenic scansion, being informed not only volume. Few of the papers are concerned directly
with classical erudition but with full modern know-
with the poetic memories that cluster about the
ledge upon a difficult subject. After a brief state-
famous region, but all have a literary flavor and
ment of the “Scope and Method” of the book Pro-
are animated by the love of nature from which the
fessor Goodell passes at once to the longest paper poets of a long generation ago took their inspiration.
of the five that make up its contents, the title of it
They cover a variety of interests, from the com-
indicating sufficiently the ancient and modern) con- memoration of local customs to the local observance
troversy between Rhythmicus or Metricus?”
of Queen Victoria's diamond jubilee, from otter-
The works of commentators and grammarians have hunting to the finding of neolithic implements; and
been ransacked to shed contemporaneous light on
they contain many fine descriptions of the scenery
the discussion, with a judicial summing up in favor of the lovely countryside.
of the rhythmici, and a warning that the metrici
are not to be neglected for the good there is in
them. Much more general is the inquiry into the
problems of “Rhythm and Language,” which fol-
BRIEFER MENTION.
lows, involving English poetry and the general
“ A Statistical Study of Illinois High Schools” by
question of quantity, and containing a discriminat-
Mr. Frederick Gordon Bonser, is a pamphlet publica-
ing though brief criticism of the work of Sidney
tion of the University of Illinois. The statistics (given
Lanier, which should be read by all who are dis- in tables and diagrams, besides being analyzed) cover
posed to settle metrical controversies by setting such subjects as length of course, curriculum, and teach-
down a few Procrustean rules. From this to ing force. They represent returns from 297 out of the
a rambler at
in Greek
make up
66


338
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
311 high schools in the State. Unfortunately, the
NOTES.
Chicago schools, the most important of all, do not seem
to be included. Since no list of schools is given, we “ The Beginner's Algebra," by Miss Claribel Gerrish
base this statement upon internal evidence, and it is and Mr. Webster Wells, is published by Messrs. D. C.
proved by the reports upon the subjects of Spanish, Heath & Co.
economics, and mechanical drawing. Nothing is said
“Qualitative Analysis," a college manual by Messrs.
to account for this extraordinary omission, which seri-
L. M. Dennis and Theodore Whittelsey, is published
ously vitiates the study. We could wish that attention
by Messrs. Ginn & Co.
had also been given to the financial side of the subject.
“ Martineau's Religionsphilosophie" is the subject of
Figures which might be used to show the contrast be-
a doctoral dissertation presented to the University of
tween Illinois and Massachusetts, for example, would
Leipzig by Mr. Orlo Josiah Price, and now printed by
have been very instructive.
the author, Newark, Ohio.
Miss Agnes M. Clerke’s “ A Popular History of
Astronomy during the Nineteenth Century" (Macmil-
“ Foundation Lessons in English Language and Gram-
lan) has reached a fourth edition (which it well de-
mar,” by Messrs. 0. I. and M. S. Woodley, with the
collaboration of Professor G. R. Carpenter, is a text
serves), and in its latest form for the first time covers
for elementary schools published by the Macmillan Co.
the full century of the title. The text has been enlarged
« The Grounds of Theistic and Christian Belief," by
and revised throughout. It is a book of fascinating
Dr. George Park Fisher, is published by Messrs. Charles
interest, owing in part to the author's skilful treatment
Scribner's Sons in a new edition, in great part rewritten.
of the subject, and also in no small measure to the fact
Some score of years intervene between this and the
tbat astronomy is a science susceptible beyond most
others of popularization without loss of educational original publication of the work.
value. The work makes a substantial volume of nearly
The writings of Mr. Brander Matthews are slowly
five hundred pages, with illustrations.
reappearing in revised form and up-to-date typo-
Mr. Frederic Lawrence Knowles has had much ex.
graphical garb. It is the third edition of “ Aspects of
perience in the making of anthologies, and we are con-
Fiction” (Scribner) that is now before us, and the vol.
ume is somewhat swollen by new matter.
sequently prepared to find in his «Treasury of Humorous
Poetry,” just published by Messrs. Dana Estes & Co.,
Messrs. Hinds & Noble publish a little book called
a judiciously chosen selection of entertaining pieces.
“ How to Study Literature," the work of Mr. Ben-
His aim has been to include "only extracts that are
jamin A. Heydrick. It is a book of helpful outlines and
strictly amusing to modern readers,” which results in a
syllabi, illustrating the chief literary species as well as
book that makes no pretence of illustrating the historical
certain masterpieces selected for treatment.
development of English humor in verse. He takes the
Mr. Charles Bémont's “ Mediæval Europe," covering
term humor very broadly, however, and his volume in- the period from 395 to 1270, bas been translated into
cludes many pieces that are serious as well as humorous. English by Miss Mary Sloan, and provided with notes
Including the notes, the book contains over four hundred and revisions by Professor George Burton Adams. It
pages, and considerably more than a hundred authors
is intended for school use, and comes from the press of
are represented.
Messrs. Henry Holt & Co.
“ The Teaching of Chemistry and Physics in the Sec-
The “ New Wayside Edition” of “The Complete
ondary School,” by Professors Alexander Smith and Works of Nathaniel Hawthorne,” published by Messrs.
Edwin H. Hall, is a new volume in the “ American Houghton, Mifflin & Co., presents the greatest of
Teachers' Series" of Messrs. Longmans, Green, & Co.
American men of letters in comparatively inexpensive
It is a work of great value, both for its discussion of
form. There are thirteen volumes in the set, printed
methods and for its practical sections. We note, among
from the old plates, and on rather thin paper, but neat
other matters, that it strongly discountenances the ex-
and attractive in appearance.
traordinary heresy (that seemed to be gaining a certain Messrs. Doubleday, Page, & Co., believing that there
credence a few years ago) which would begin the teach- is a reading public as well as a music-loving public for
ing of chemistry before its necessary physical founda-
the libretti of the Gilbert and Sullivan operas, have ven-
tions had been laid. “Whether chemistry or physics tured to publish the text of “ Patience; or, Bunthorne's
should come first is thus seen to be an idle question.
Bride” in a neat volume. The experiment deserves
Physics must come first." This is the conclusion of the encouragement, and enough readers should be found to
argument, and there are no conceivable rational grounds justify further texts of this sort.
upon which it may be reversed.
The Johns Hopkins Press has issued a volume con-
Recent modern language texts include the following: taining the various addresses made at Baltimore last
Boileau's “Les Héros de Roman” (Ginn), edited by February upon the occasion of the quarter-centennial
Professor T. R. Crane ; “Quatre Contes de Prosper of the University's existence, and the inauguration of
Mérimée” (Holt), edited by Professor F. C. L. van
President Remsen. Much matter of more than ephem-
Steenderen ; Hector Malot's “Sans Famille" (Holt),
eral interest is included within these covers, and the
edited and abridged by Professor Hugo Paul Thieme; book must occupy a place in every educational collection.
“ La Campagne de Waterloo” (Silver), abridged from Mr. G. Mantellini has translated, and Messrs. Laird
Thiers by Professor 0. B. Super; Kleist's “ Michael & Lee have published, “ The Dead City,” by Signor
Kohlbaas,” (Holt), edited by Mr. William Kurrelmeyer; d'Annunzio. This is a timely publication in view of
the third book of Schiller's "Geschichte des Dreissig- the present visit of Signora Duse to our shores for the
jährigen Krieges ” (Heath), edited by Professor C. W.
express purpose of making us acquainted with this work
Prettyman; and an “Introducción a la Lengua Castel- and its fellows. It will enable many an auditor to make
lana” (Heath), by Professors H. Marion and P.J. Des a brave show of understanding the performance of the
Garennes.
play.
à
"


1902.)
339
THE DIAL
66
“ Labberton's Universal History," as now published
by Messrs. Silver, Burdett & Co., is the latest revision
of a work that has, in its earlier forms, done good edu-
cational service for the past score of years. It is still
an atlas, although no longer called so, and the maps are
still its most important feature, although the text is far
more extensive than in the earlier editions.
The unusually interesting issue of “The Sewanee
Review” for October signalizes the completion of the
tenth volume of that quarterly publication. The interest
attaches to the articles that make up the body of the
issue, and also to the editorial retrospect of Professor
John Bell Henneman, the efficient successor of Professor
Trent in the conduct of the review. The “Sewanee
does not have one-tenth of the readers that it deserves.
It is the only magazine we have that takes literature for
its chief subject and takes it seriously. The others give
us pictures, and gossip, and literary superficialities, and
get the circulation. What this gives us instead may
best be judged by an inspection of the classified general
index to the ten volumes that is appended to the present
issue. It presents a record to be proud of, and all the
more so because of the discouragements under which its
very genuine success has been achieved.
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pp. 444,
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A Sentimental Journey. By Lawrence Sterne; with In-
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66
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1902.]
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A Gentleman. By John Henry Cardinal Newman. 24mo.
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342
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1902.]
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1
1902.]
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THE DIAL
II
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846
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
Unquestionably the most important issue of an American classic author for
many years." — New York Times Saturday Review.
.
THE VIRGINIA EDITION OF
EDGAR ALLAN
ALLAN POE
Edited by JAMES A. HARRISON, in the University of Virginia
With Introductions by HAMILTON W. MABIB and CHARLES W. KENT
and Notes by R. A. STEWART
The Only Complete and Accurate Text in Existence
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[Nov. 16, 1902
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A STUDY OF VALUES
paper. Illustrated by duo-prints A Novel by Annie Raymond Still-
from photographs taken by.Dr.
man. $1.50.
Gray. Rich cover design. 8vo, “The sign over the door. Fool's Gold'
350 pages, cloth, $1.50 net. is an enticing one you will say, and you
“I have been reading Dr. Gray's book will not meet with disappointment should
with a great delight. It breathes the you step over the threshold. The author
spirit of the woods, and it is full of true has devised a plot that is out of the ordi-
religion. This, it seems to me, is a happy
nary, chosen characters that are by no
combination. I like Christianity best with
means hum-drum, and displayed an un-
an out-door flavor. The trouble with it
usually is that we keep it too much shut
usual skill in untangling so many seem-
up, sometimes in churches, sometimes in ingly hopeless webs, evolving so much hap-
our own selfish hearts."-Henry Van Dyke. piness in the end."-Boston Transcript.
Third Edition.
A Vivid Mormon Story of the
Occupation of the Great
Salt Lake Basin.
By Order of the
Prophet
By Alfred H. Henry. 12mo, cloth,
illustrated, $1.50.
“He writes with conviction and with a
commendable reserve power.
There is
nothing lurid or aensational or overdrawn
about his picture--it is simply tragic, piti-
ful, heartrending page torn from the
story of a ruined life. None of the previ.
ous attempts is worthy of being placed in
the same class with this really strong
story."-Commercial Advertiser.
Second Edition.
My Dogs in the
North Land
By Egerton R. Young. Illustrated
and decorated. 12mo, cloth,
$1.25 net.
“Since 'Bob, Son of Battle,' no better
study of dog nature."-Orutlook.
"We are strongly tempted to character-
ize it as the best book about dogs that we
have ever read. There are reasons in
plenty for this judgment. We most en-
thusiastically commond the book to all dog
lovers. It will delight them beyond mea-
sure."-Syracuse Herald.
Third Edition.
A True Story of Indian Life.
Two Wilderness
Voyagers
By Franklin Welles Calkins.
Cloth, $1.50.
The author of "The Mississippi Bubble"
says: “Mr. Calkins has done something
He gives us Indians, but they are
not merely buckskinned mannikins. He
gives us the West, but he does it without
pose. Moreover, he gives us a story, a
white story done in red."
Fourth Edition.
Those Black
Diamond Men
A TALE OF THE ANTHRAX
VALLEY
By William F. Gibbons. 12mo,
cloth, illustrated, $1.50.
“ It is a series of dramatic human
scenes, sometimes with thrilling incidente,
sometimes of tragic intensity, sometimes
touched with humor. The volume is writ-
ten from plain heartfelt interest in the
'black diamond' men, its characters are
typical, and the brisk action of the story
holds the attention firmly."-The Owlook.
new
FLEMING H. REVELL COMPANY
CHICAGO
NEW YORK
TORONTO
THE DIAL PRE88, YIXB ARTS BLDG., CHICAGO.


HOLIDAY NUMBER
THE DIAL
II
A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF
Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
ER
EDITED BY | Volume XXXIII.
FRANCIS F. BROWNE.) No. 395.
}
CHICAGO, DEC. 1, 1902.
t
10 cts. a copy. J FINE ARTS BUILDING.
203 Michigan Blvd.
$2. a year.
1
Some Important New Books
-
John Burroughs's New Book
Literary Values
A
group of notable essays presenting Mr. Burroughs's views on literature and life. They are so sound, so
vital, so just in judgment, that the book is a distinct contribution to criticism and to literature.
$1.10 net ; postage extra.
John Fiske’s Last History
2
New France and New England
“ There will be no more important historical work published this year than Dr. Fiske's last volume."-
Mail and Express, New York.
“ The most valuable contribution to the period since Parkman.”--Springfield Republican.
With Maps, $1.65 net; postage, 16 cents.
Colonel Higginson's Life of
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
loc
In the American Statesmen Series.
“ As an example of graceful, dignified and adequate biography this book commends itself to praise. It
will be accepted as an authoritative utterance from one who is qualified from personal association and intel-
lectual appreciation to speak with confidence."'- Chicago Post.
With a Portrait, $1.10 net; postage, 10 cents.
Professor Woodberry's Life of
Nathaniel Hawthorne
In the American Statesmen Series.
“Few books of the season have the interest for the student of literature that is found in this biography
of Hawthorne. It portrays the man and his work in a clearer if not in a wholly new light and is a model in
literary criticism." - Chicago Chronicle.
With a Portrait, $1.10 net ; postage 10 cents.
Bishop Lawrence's Life of
Roger Wolcott
This is one of those attractive works that spring out of life-long friendship. It presents the career of one
of the most patriotic public servants, the late Governor of Massachusetts, and deserves a high place among
recent biographies.
Illustrared, $1.00 net; postage extra.
houghton, Mifflin & Co., Publishers, Boston


350
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
New Books for the holidays
For Older Readers
Japanese Girls and Women
By ALICE M. Bacon. With exquisite illustrations,
some in color, by the Japanese artist, Keishu
Takenouchi. $4.00.
The Penelope Books
Penelope's Experiences
1. England. II. Scotland. III. Ireland.
By Kate Douglas WIGGIN. Holiday Editions, re-
plete with characteristic illustrations by Charles E.
Brock. $2.00 each ; the set, $6.00.
Breakfast Table Series
By Oliver WENDELL Holmes. New Handy Volume
Edition. In four volumes, attractively bound.
$1.00 each ; the set, in a box, $4.00.
Walden
By HENRY D. THOREAU. A one-volume Holiday
Edition of this famous book with 30 photogravure
illustrations and an introduction by Bradford Tor-
rey. $3.00.
For Younger Readers
Under Colonial Colors
By EVERETT T. TOMLINSON. Illustrated by Clyde
0. Deland. A spirited story for boys. $1.20 net;
postage, 8 cents.
Lois Mallet's Dangerous Gift
By MARY CATHERINE LEE. With a frontispiece by
W. L. Taylor. The tale of a beautiful Quaker girl.
The Chicago Tribune says :
« The book is a gem."
85 cents net; postage, 7 cents.
The Champion
By CHARLES EGBERT CRADDOCK.
With a frontis-
piece by Alice Barber Stephens. " The Cham-
pion' has real boy fun in him and is intensely alive."
The Outlook.
$1.20 net; postage, u cents.
Three Little Marys
By Nora A. Smith. Illustrated and with a decor-
ative cover. Quite the pleasantest and most
interesting book any little girl could wish for.".
Kansas City Star. 85 cents net; postage, 8 cents.
a
DELIGHTFUL ALIKE FOR OLD AND YOUNG
A Pocketful of Posies. By ABBIE FARWELL BROWN. With illustrations by Fanny
Y. Cory and a decorative cover. These verses have the same charm that characterizes Stevenson's “ Child's
Garden of Verse," and will give much pleasure to all. $1.00 net; postage, 9 cents.
Grimm Tales Made Gay. By GUY WETMORE CARRYL. With many humorous illus-
trations by Albert Levering. Mr. Carryl's droll and merry verses have given him a wide reputation, and his
art is well displayed in this volume. The illustrations are a noteworthy feature. $1.50 net ; postage, 120.
a
Fiction
A Sea Turn and Other Matters
By THOMAS BAILEY ALDRICH. " A brilliant illus-
tration of the finejart of story-telling at its best.
Mail and Express, New York. $1.25. Third Edition.
The Right Princess
By Clara Louise BURNHAM.
“The best story
Mrs.
Burnham has ever written.' Inter Ocean. $1.50.
15th thousand.
Our Lady of the Beeches
By the BARONESS von Hutten. “A genuine lit-
erary
sensation in the best sense of the word ; more
stories like this are needed at the present time.
-Boston Transcript. $1.25. Fourth Edition.
The Heritage
By Burton E. STEVENSON. “ Although a book of
adventure, its real charm is to be found in its tale
of love's trials and eventual triumph."- Boston
Transcript. $1.50.
Avery
By ELIZABETH STUART Phelps. Illustrated by
Albert E. Sterner. Miss Phelps's power of nar-
ration is here present in full measure.
of much pathos and will appeal to the heart of
$1.00.
Miscellaneous
Molière
By Leon H. VINCENT. Mr. Vincent has taken Molière,
the greatest figure in the seventeenth century, as the
subject for the fourth of his essays on French society
and letters at that time. 85 cents net; postage extra.
Americans in Process
Edited by Robert A. Woods. А
group
of
papers
by the residents of the South End House, Boston,
showing the way in which foreigners are being
Americanized.
$1.50 net; postage extra.
Trees and Shrubs
Edited by CHARLES SPRAGUE SARGENT. A treatment
of new and little known trees and shrubs of special
commercial or economic interest or value. To be
published in parts, four to a volume. Part I. of Vol.
I. now ready. Plates by C. E. Faxon. 4to, $5.00 net.
Handbook of Birds of the Western
United States
By FLORENCE Merriam BAILEY. With 33 full-page
plates from drawings by Louis Agassiz Fuertes,
and over 600 text illustrations. A book which
does for the West what Mr. Chapman's Handbook
does for the East. $3.50 net; postage 19 cents.
(6
It is a story
every reader.
boughton, Mifflin & Co., Boston and New York


1902.]
351
THE DIAL
The Macmillan Company's Holiday Books
The Best Books for Gifts

JOHN FISKE'S
ESSAYS: HISTORICAL
AND LITERARY
The most representative work left by the Author of " The
Destiny of Man,” etc. Tuo vols.
Cloth, 8vo, $400 net (carriage 40 cents).
1. SCENES AND CHARACTERS IN AMERICAN History.
2. IN FAVOURITE FIELDS.
These Essays show the late John Fiske's many-sided genius as no volume hitherto pub-
lished has. Among them are the best examples he bas left of his careful, scholarly, purely
literary style ; of the care and profundity of his methods of historical research ; of the powerful
critical analysis shown by the author in his "American Political Ideas," while others are in
his best, light, reminiscent style.

DR. EDWARD EVERETT HALE'S
.
MEMORIES OF A
HUNDRED YEARS
By the Author of " The Man Without a Country,” etc. Two
vols. Profusely Illustrated. Cloth, $500 net (carriage extra).
Lindouitedly the most generally interesting biographical work published this fall.
HALE's long and active life has been in touch with almost every prominent man and woman
in social and political life. The illustrations include portraits, copies of rare prints and letters,
etc., in facsimile.
DB.

JACOB A. RIIS'S New Book
THE BATTLE
WITH THE SLUM
By the Author of " How the Other Half Lives,"
etc. Uniform with “ The Making of an American.”
Illustrated from the author's photographs and draw-
ings by Thomas FOGARTY.
$200 net (carriage 25 cents).
There are conditions analogous to those described in this book existing in
every great American city, and it is of broad general interest, describing the
means in use pow and in the past for helping the poor in their uphill fight against
the evil influences of crowded conditions of life.
WHEN NET BOOKS ARE DELIVERED FROM THE PUBLISHERS, CARRIAGE, EITHER POSTAGE OR
EXPRESSAGE, IS AN EXTRA CHARGE. WRITE FOR THE CHRISTMAS AND PORTRAIT CATALOGUES OF
The Macmillan Company, Publishers, 66 fifth Avenue, New York


352
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
The Macmillan Company's Holiday books
New Illustrated Books

MRS. EARLE'S New Book
SUN-DIALS AND ROSES
OF YESTERDAY
GARDEN DELIGHTS WAICH ARE HERE DISPLAYED IN VERY
TRUTH, AND ARE MOREOVER REGARDED AS EMBLEMS.
LAYO
9
By ALICE MORSE EARLE, author of “Old-Time Gar-
dens,” “Stage-Coach and Tavern Days," “ Home Life in
Colonial Days," etc.
Crown 8vo, gilt top, $2 50 net (postage 20 cents).
Large paper edition (100 copies), $20 00 net.
Of Sun-dials is this book, but not wholly a relation of their history, existence, and
manufacture; of Roses, but not alone the story of their presence in the garden by the side
of the Sun-dial; an exhaustive history of both from a standpoint of sentiment and service.
MISS ROSE STANDISH NICHOLS'S
New Garden Book
MR. CLIFTON JOHNSON'S
New Illustrated Book
ENGLISH PLEASURE
GARDENS
Invaluable those who would develop a style
suited to special needs. Profusely illustrated.
Cloth, 8vo, $400 net (postage 26 cents).
NEW ENGLAND AND
ITS NEIGHBORS
By the author of “ Among English Hedge-
rows,” “ Along French Byways," etc. Pro.
fusely illustrated. Cloth, crown 8vo, $2.00 net.

MISS FRANCES CLARY MORSE'S New Book on
FURNITURE OF THE OLDEN TIME
On old furniture in America, fully illustrated by half-tones of many
quaint pieces.
Crown 8vo, gilt lops,
$3 00 net (postage 20 cents).
Also an edition on large paper,
limited to 100 numbered copies,
$20.00 net.
An interesting record of rare pieces,
many of them here pictured for the first
time; and a most convenient guide for
collectors.
WHEN NET BOOKS ARE DELIVERED FROM THE PUBLISHERS, CARRIAGE, EITHER POSTAGE OR
EXPRESSAGE, IS AN EXTRA CHARGE. WRITE FOR THE CHRISTMAS AND PORTRAIT CATALOGUES OF
The Macmillan Company, Publishers, 66 Fifth Avenue, New York


1902.]
353
THE DIAL
The Macmillan Company's Holiday books
History of Art
THE ART OF WALTER CRANE
By P. G. KONODY. With 190 illustrations, including 24 colored plates and 8 photogravures.
Imperial quarto, gilt top, $ 20.09.
FRANS HALS
By the REV. G. S. DAVIES, M.A. With 12 photogravure plates and about 45 other illustrations.
Cap folio, * 14.00 net.
JEAN FRANÇOIS MILLET
By JULIA CARTWRIGHT (Mrs. Henry Ady). With photogravure portrait and 8 photogravures
after the artist's drawings.
Cloth, Svo, X.; 50 net.
SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS
By LORD RONALD SUTHERLAND GOWER, F.S.d. With 90 illustrations, including 2 photo-
gravures.
Cloth, quarto, $3.00.
Many of the pictures are here reproduced for the first time from private collections. Uniform with “ BURNE-Joxes," “ Leighton."
“ MILLAIS."
Mme. LILLI LEHMANN'S HOW TO SING (Meine Gesangskunst)
Translated from the German by RICHARD ALDRICH. Cloth, 12 mo, $1 50 net (postage 1. cents).
Its thoroughly practical exposition of principle is made most striking and entertaining by its vivacious, picturesque digressions and
sharp satirical comment. It will be vastly entertaining even to those who are not singers.
Illustrated Fiction
NANCY AUSTON BANKS'S Kentucky Idyl LAFCADIO HEARN'S New Book
OLDFIELD
KOTTO
A KENTUCKY TALE OF
BEING JAPANESE CURIOS
WITH SUNDRY COBWEBS
THE LAST CENTURY
Illustrations in color by HARPER PENNINGTON.
Sixth edition.
Cloth, 12mo, $1 50 net.
Collected by the author of “Stray Leaves from
Stray Literature, ' etc. Illustrated by Gen.JIRO
Cloth, $1 50 net.
YETO.
Historical Books and Works of Reference
THE CAMBRIDGE MODERN HISTORY
Vol. I. THE RENAISSANCE.
To be complete in twelve volumes. Royal 8vo.
Now ready. $3.75 net (postage 30 cents).
This monumental work, containing the products of special research contributed by the leading historical writers of England and
America-and in certain instances by eminent Continental historians-was planned by the late LORD ACTON, LL.D., Regius Professor
of Modern History in the University of Cambridge. Edited by A. W. WARD, Litt.D., G. W. PROTHERO, Litt.D., and STANLEY LEATHES, M.A.
A DICTIONARY OF
CYCLOPEDIA OF
ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING
AMERICAN HORTICULTURE
By RUSSELL STURGIS and many Architects, Edited by L. H. BAILEY, assisted by WILHELM
Painters, Engineers, and other Expert Writers. MILLER and many expert Cultivators and Botan-
Complete in three volumes. Super royal 8vo. Per ists. Complete in four volumes. Royal 8vo.
set, cloth, $18.00 net; half morocco, 530 00 net.
Cloth, $20.00 net; hali morocco, $3.011),
The above are sold in sets only and by subscription. Fuil information supplied on application.
WHEN NET BOOKS ARE DELIVERED FROM THE PUBLISHERS, CARRIAGE, EITHER POSTAGE OR
EXPRESSAGE, IS AN EXTRA CHARGE. WRITE FOR THE CHRISTMAS AND PORTRAIT CATALOGUES OF
The Macmillan Company, Publishers, 66 Fifth Avenue, New York


354
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
The Macmillan Company's Holiday books
Travel and Description
ANCIENT ATHENS
By ERNEST ARTHUR GARDNER, Yates Professor of Archæ vlogy in University College,
London. Formerly Director of the British School at Athens. Author of “ A Handbook of Greek
Sculpture,” etc., etc. Profusely illustrated.
Cloth, 8vo, $5.00 net (carriage extra).
This handsomely illustrated book is a companion volume in its make up to Man's "Pompeii." Its object is to enable both those who
have visited Greece and those who have not to realize the past and present appearance of the town and its monuments. For this purpose
the book is very fully illustrated, as far as possible, by
means of photography. Above all, the author has endeav-
ored to give a direct record of the impressions derived from
a familiarity with the sites and buildings described.

M
F. MARION CRAWFORD'S
Brilliant Pictures of Rome
AVE ROMA
IMMORTALIS
By the Author of “Saracinesca," " Rulers of
the South,” etc.
With new illustrations and maps. Revised
edition in one volume. Cloth, $3.00 net.
PROF. AUGUST MAU'S
Authoritative Work on
POMPEII:
ITS LIFE AND ART
Translated by Francis W. KELSEY, Univer-
sity of Michigan.
New Edition, Revised, copiously illustraled.
$2.50 net.
Illustration cut down from ANCIENT ATHENS.
STORIES IN STONE FROM THE ROMAN FORUM
Stories by Isabel Lovell, which invest the historic buildings around the Forum with a rare degree
of human interest.
Cloth, 12mo, $1 50 net.
Illustrated in Colors
JAPAN: A RECORD IN COLOR
By Mortimer MENPES. Transcribed by Dorothy Menpes.
New Edition.
Cloth, 8vo, $6.00 net.
THE HOLY LAND
Pictured by John FullEYLOVE and described by John Kelman.
Profusely illustrated in color.
Cloth, Svo, gilt top, $6 00 net.
WHEN NET BOOKS ARE DELIVERED FROM THE PUBLISHERS, CARRIAGE, EITHER POSTAGE OR
EXPRESSAGE, IS AN EXTRA CHARGE. WRITE FOR THE CHRISTMAS AND PORTRAIT CATALOGUES OF
The Macmillan Company, Publishers, 66 Fifth Avenue, New York


1902.]
355
THE DIAL
The Macmillan Company's Holiday Books
Popular Books of Universal Interest
BROOKS ADAMS
Author of "The Law of Civilization and Decay,” etc., in
THE NEW EMPIRE
Deals with the fluctuations in social equilibrium which have accounted for a
coustantly changing seat of empire in the past. Cloth, $1,50 net (postage 10 cents).

a
W. J. GHENT'S
OUR BENEVOLENT FEUDALISM
Gives a careful analysis of present industrial and social tendencies, and a fore-
cast of the coming state of society. If his view is right the book will be a partic-
ularly useful one.
Cloth, 12mo, $1.25 net (postage 8 cents).
BROOKS ADAMS
GEORGE L. BOLEN'S
THE PLAIN FACTS AS TO THE TRUSTS AND THE TARIFF
With CHAPTERS ON THE RAILROAD PROBLEM AND MUNICIPAL MONOPOLIES.
Cloth, 12 mo, $1.50 net (postage 11 cents).
M. OSTROGORSKI'S
DEMOCRACY AND THE ORGANIZATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES
Is a long-promised work on the motive forces of democracy, translated from the French by FREDERICK
CLARKE, formerly Taylorian Scholar in the University of Oxford. With an introduction by the Rt. Hon.
James Bryce, N.P., Author of " The American Commonwealth,” etc. Two vols. Cloth, 800, $6.00 net.
A systematic history of party organization in England and the United States, of great dramatic interest.
JOSEPH LEE
l'ice-President of the Massachusetts Civic League, in
CONSTRUCTIVE AND PREVENTIVE PHILANTHROPY
Gives a brief account of how modern philanthropy undertakes to deal not in palliatives, but with the
causes of social defect, by enforcing sanitary precautious — of new adaptations of schools, libraries, and clubs.
Second in the Series on American Philanthropy of the Nineteenth Century in
wbich HOMER Folks's book on the Care of Destitute, Neglected, and Delinquent
Children was the first.
Cloth, 16mo. Just ready.

w
CHARLES ZUEBLIN
Professor of Sociology, Chicago University, in
AMERICAN MUNICIPAL PROGRESS
CHAPTERS IN MUNICIPAL SOCIOLOGY
Takes up the problems of the so-called public utilities, transportation, street
paving or cleaning, sanitation, public buildings, public schools, libraries, children's
playgrounds, public baths, public gymnasiums, parks, and boulevards, and the
Editor of the Citizen's Library
questions of public control, ownership, and operation, etc. In the Citizen's Library.
Half Leather, $1.25 net (postage 12 cents).
RICHARD T. ELY
WHEN NET BOOKS ARE DELIVERED FROM THE PUBLISHERS, CARRIAGE, EITHER POSTAGE OR
EXPRESSAGE, IS AN EXTRA CHARGE. WRITE FOR THE CHRISTMAS AND PORTRAIT CATALOGUES OF
The Macmillan Company, Publishers, 66 Fifth Avenue, New York


356
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
The Macmillan Company's Holiday Books

The New Fiction
CECILIA
F. MARION CRAWFORD'S
CECILIA: d STORY OF MODERN ROME
By the author of “Saracinesca," etc.
Cloth, $1 50.
“One of his most entertaining books," says Miss GILDER in The Chicago Tribune.
X
MARK LEE LUTHER'S Political Story
THE HENCHMAN
By the author of "The Favor of Princes," etc. Cloth, $1 50.
“A remarkable book . . . essentially a powerful story and wonderfully realistic."— The
New York Times.
MARION CRAWFORD

From FREDERIC
REMINGTON'S New Book
JOHN ERMINE OF
THE YELLOWSTONE
By the author of “Men with the
Bark On," etc. Illustrated by the
author. Cloth, 12mo, $1.50.
A. E. W. MASON'S New Military Novel
THE FOUR FEATHERS
By the author of “ The Courtship of Morrice Buckler.”
Cloth, $1.50.
HENRY K. WEBSTER'S Story of a Trust
ROGER DRAKE, CAPTAIN OF INDUSTRY
By the author of " The Banker and the Bear," joint author of
“Calumet K,” etc. Illustrated by HOWARD GILES. Cloth, $1.50.

Che FOUR
FEATHERS
By
AEW.MASON
The JAMES K. HACKETT Edition of Winston Churchill's
THE CRISIS
Illustrated with scenes from the play based on it, and portraits of
the actors.
Cloth, 12mo, $1.50 net.
GERTRUDE ATHERTON'S
THE SPLENDID IDLE FORTIES : STORIES OF OLD CALIFORNIA
By the author of “The Conqueror,” “Senator North,” etc. Illustrated by HARRISON FISHER.
Cloth, $1.50.
WHEN NET BOOKS ARE DELIVERED FROM THE PUBLISHERS, CARRIAGE, EITHER POSTAGE OR
EXPRESSAGE, IS AN EXTRA CHARGE. WRITE FOR THE CHRISTMAS AND PORTRAIT CATALOGUES OF
The Macmillan Company, Publishers, 66 Fifth avenue, New York


1902.)
357
THE DIAL
The Macmillan Company's Holiday Books
New Juvenile Books

MRS. WRIGHT’S New Book for all Dog-Lovers over Ten
DOGTOWN
BEING SOME CHAPTERS FROM THE ANNALS OF THE WADDLES
Family, by MABEL Osgood Wright, author of "Tommy-
Anne and the Three Hearts.” Profusely illustrated from
photographs by the author.
Cloth, $1.50 net.
Mrs. WRIGHT's personal knowledge of dogs gives the incidents the stamp of truth, and
the numerous illustrations are from photographs by the author of real dogs and actual
scenes. Though some of the characters of “Wabeno " and "Tommy-Anne" appear in this
book, it is entirely complete in itself and a new story.
HOMER GREENE'S
PICKETT’S GAP
The story of a railroad war for the right of way from certain
anthracite coal fields to the Delaware Valley, and of a boy's
part in it.
Illustrated. Cloth, $1.25 net.
Cut down from an illustration in
MRS WRIGHT'S “DOGTOWN”
BEULAH MARIE DIX'S New Boys' Story
A LITTLE CAPTIVE LAD
A story of Cromwell's times by the author of "The Making of Christopher Ferringham," etc.
Illustrated by Will GREFE. Cloth, $1.50.
"A brave story of warlike times.”— Boston Transcript.
“Just the thing for a Christmas present for the boys.”- Worcester Spy.
KING
THE TRUE ANNALS OF FAIRY LAND
ORCON
ONI
THE REIGN OF KING OBERON
A companion to “ The Reign of King Herla” and “The Reign of
Old King Cole,” being fairy tales edited by Walter JERROLD
and illustrated by CHARLES ROBINSON
Cloth, 12mo, boards, $2.00.

Thkeiten
THE OTHER BOY
By EVELYN SHARP, author of “ The Youngest Girl in the
School.”
Illustrated. Cloth, 12mo, $1.25 net.
A first-rate story for boys and girls by the author of one of last year's most popular stories
of school life.
WHEN NET BOOKS ARE DELIVERED FROM THE PUBLISHERS, CARRIAGE, EITHER POSTAGE OR
EXPRESSAGE, IS AN EXTRA CHARGE. WRITE FOR THE CHRISTMAS AND PORTRAIT CATALOGUES OF
The Macmillan Company, Publishers, 66 Fifth Avenue, New York


358
(Dec. I,
THE DIAL
The Macmillan Company's Holiday Books
New Books of Serious Interest
DR. HILLIS'S New Book
THE QUEST OF HAPPINESS
STUDY OF VICTORY OVER LIFE'S TROUBLES.
By Dr. NEWELL Dwight Hulis, Pastor of Plymouth Church,
Brooklyn, author of “ The Influence of Christ in Modern Life," ric.
With colored puge borders, etc.
(loth, 12mo, $ 1.501 net.
An inspiriting new volume which deals with Happiness in relation to Personal
Growth, Success, and Intluence, and the Victory over Trouble and Suff-ring.
SEWEIL DWIGHT HILLIS
PROFESSOR KING'S Wrc Book
THEOLOGY AND THE SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS
This book, by HENRY CHURCHILL King, Professor of Theologs, Oberlin
Theological Seminary, deals with the mutual influence of man's thec-
logical belief and his growing sense of social obligation.
Cloth, $1.25 nit (postage 11 ants).
HESRY (HURCHILL KING
DR. FAIRBAIRN'S Ve Book
THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION
By ANDREW Martis FAIRBAIRY, D.D., LL.D, Principal of Mansfield
College, Oxford, author of "Christ in Modern Theology," etc. Third
Edition,
Cloth, 800, 1.1.50 net.
“ The most powerful defensive statement of the Christian faith that has recently appeared."-
Atlantic Monthly.
>
BISHOP WHIPPLE'S Jutobiography
LIGHTS AND SHADOWS OF A LONG EPISCOPATE
The Reminiscences of the Rt. Rev. HENRY BENJ. WHIPPLE, D.D.,
LL.D, Bishop of Minnesota. IT'ith Portraits and Other Illustrations.
Vee Edition.
Cloth, 810, $2.31) net.
"Informal, conversational, abounding in anecdotes.''_ Outlook.
'HESBY B. WHIPILE
THE preceding titles form but a part of a long list of new publications, in which are to be
found the names of a large proportion of American authors of the first rank. From it
books — always the most satisfving gifts — may be selected that will appeal to any special
interest : artistic, historical, social, or generally literary; permitting that special adaptation
of the gift which goes so far to increase its value in the eyes of the receiver. Copies of the
following umnouncements will be sent on application to any address without charge :
THE CHRISTMAS CATALOGUE FOR 1902
CATALOGUE OF BOOKS PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY THE MACMILLAS COMPANY Ilith Portraits
MONTHLY LISTS OF NEIL BOOKS
The azacmillan Company, Publishers, 66 Fifth Avenue, New York


1902.]
359
THE DIAL
A wonderful book and a wonderful success

THE CONQUEST
By EVA EMERY DYE
NO book published in recent years has more of tremendous import
between its covers, and no book published in recent years has in
it more of the elements of great and continued popularity. History,
romance, adventure, daring, suffering, struggle, and accomplishment
—the subjugation of a mighty race by a mightier one—the clearing
of a continent, the building of a nation: it is the epic of America.
6
“A book that should make record-breaking "Its deeds of valor are not for love of woman,
paces.”—Buffalo Commercial.
but for love of liberty and country. Its heroes
“The sense of the sweep of the conquering
are men of silence, men of adventure. Its music
Anglo-Celt from the Atlantic to the Pacific will
is the hum of the spinning wheel and the thud
be gained from it as from nothing else in print."
of the axe.”—Toledo Weekly Blade.
- Chicago News.
“As well executed as it is well conceived.”—
“It is no mere picture, rather a vast pano-
Syracuse Post-Standard.
rama."-Boston Journal.
“Mrs. Dye has covered the field."-New York
"The essentially American theme dealt with Times.
in this book gives it an extraordinary interest for
“The author's style is strong and graphic,
the whole American public."— Richmond Times.
the grasp of her subject so firm that it inspires
“Should have an honored place in every confidence, and despite its wealth of historic
American library.”—Chicago Inter Ocean. lore, has not one dull page.”—Detroit News.
“To the young American-the boy in his teens “The style is brilliant, dramatic and enthus-
—who has read of the brave Indian fighters of ing. The reader is carried on from one exciting
our early history, there is enough of the deeds episode to another, and a series of vivid pictures
of our forefathers and hairbreadth escapes to is rapidly presented, keeping the interest alive
satisfy the craving of the most exacting.”— from the first page to the last."— Cleveland
Nashville American.
Plain Dealer.
Of All Booksellers. 12mo, 460 pages, $1.50
A. C. McCLURG & COMPANY, Publishers, Chicago


360
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
ଆ
ALUSELDOTION FOR
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DEMORK
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BIRDS
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CONQUEST
Eva Emery Dye
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These titles are selected for their especial fitness for gift purposes. In con-
tents, typography, and binding, they are all that could possibly be desired.
MEMORIES. A Story of German Love.
By Max Müller. New Holiday edition of this famous classic with beautiful illustrations
and decorations by Blanche Ostertag. Square 8vo, in box, $2.00 net; delivered $2.12.
MUSICAL PASTELS. A Book of Essays.
By George P. Upton. An ideal gift-book. Elegantly printed and bound, and illus-
trated from old wood engravings. Square 8vo, in box, $2.00 net; delivered $2.12.
IN ARGOLIS. A Summer in Greece.
A delightful volume by George Horton, beautifully printed at the Merrymount Press,
and illustrated in tint from original photographs. 12mo, in slip case, $1.75 net;
delivered $1.87.
BIRDS OF THE ROCKIES.
By Leander S. Keyser. Noteworthy for its many beautiful illustrations by Louis
Agassiz Fuertes and Bruce Horsfall and its admirable typography. Square 8vo, in
box, $3.00 net; delivered $3.20.
RUGS.
Oriental and Occidental, antique and modern. By Rosa Belle Holt. With its beau-
tiful colored plates and comprehensive text, it is a book that every one is glad to own.
Large 4to, $5.00 net; delivered $5.26.
LETTERS TO AN ENTHUSIAST.
A series of letters by Mary Cowden-Clarke, which, according to The Scotsman, “all
lovers of literature will read with sympathetic interest.” A volume of much quiet
elegance and distinction. Square 8vo, full boards, uncut edges. In slip case, $2.50
net; delivered $2.66.
LADY LEE and Other Animal Stories.
By Hermon Lee Ensign. The London Athenæum says that this is a genuine gift book
and may well be conceived as blessing him that gives and him that takes." Illustrated,
large 8vo, $2.00 net; delivered $2.16.
CATCH WORDS OF CHEER.
Helpful Thoughts for Every Day in the Year. Compiled by Sara A. Hubbard. The
most desirable inexpensive gift-book that could be imagined. A beautiful specimen
of the printer's art. With silk marker, 80 cents net; delivered 85 cents.
a
שוויושיעיויוייון שיש ששווייווער דייויסיון
.:. Mullanwill. a taille
9
AC MOODURSKO OUT
00


1902.)
361
THE DIAL
HOLIDAY BOOKS
PRINCE SILVERWINGS
COQUOS
THE KINOFS CHILDREN
The
PETE
POLLY STORIES
CAROLYN WEUS
MAYKEN
WO
ANNONTU
GEN
AD
malam.mm.com
dywanu turu veya ya
Almமா
ששון
The greatest appreciation of Holiday books is among the children, and it is
believed that these books are worthy of the entire approval of the young critics.
THE PETE AND POLLY STORIES.
A book of nonsense prose and verse by Carolyn Wells, with amusing pictures by Fanny
Young Cory. Both author and artist are extraordinarily popular with young people.
Size 634 x 972 inches. $1.50 net; delivered $1.68.
PRINCE SILVERWINGS.
Seven charming fairy stories for younger children by Edith Ogden Harrison (Mrs.
Carter H. Harrison, of Chicago. They are delightfully simple and naive, and have
been most attractively illustrated in color by Lucy Fitch Perkins. Size 734 x 10 inches.
$1.75 net; delivered $1.94.
LITTLE MISTRESS GOOD HOPE.
By Mary Imlay Taylor. Fairy stories of the old-fashioned kind, largely derived from folk-
lore and told with much literary charm. Illustrated with notably beautiful drawings in
color by Jessie Willcox Smith. Size 738 x 534 inches. $1.50 net; delivered $1.62.
COQUO AND THE KING'S CHILDREN.
A decidedly novel fairy tale by Cornelia Baker. Although in the proper mediæval
setting, it is distinctly modern in conception and surprisingly original in plot. It can be
counted upon to delight any youngster fortunate enough to receive it. Illustrated in
color by Lucy Fitch Perkins. Size 672 x 734 inches. $1.50 net; delivered $1.64.
MAYKEN. A Historical Story for Children.
By Jessie Anderson Chase. Describes the exciting adventures of its engaging little
heroine during the Spanish subjugation of Holland. Illustrated by the Kinneys. Size
672 x 84 inches. $1.20 net; delivered $1.33.
These two books of fiction are suggested for Holiday giving, the first be-
cause of the exceptional beauty of the book itself, the second because
of the vital interest of its subject for every American, young or old.
THE THRALL OF LEIF THE LUCKY.
A Story of Viking Days. By Ottilie A. Liljencrantz. A fascinating story for readers
of all ages. Illustrated in color by the Kinneys. 12mo, $1.50.
THE CONQUEST. The True Story of Lewis and Clark.
By Eva Emery Dye. A book which stands between history and romance, with the
fidelity of one and the fascination of the other. “The Epic of the West.” With
frontispiece. 12mo, $1.50.
milhinamAMhlhi
Min.
omniu
PUBWSPPBS0AQAZOTONOOMIA


362
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
SCRIBNER'S HOLIDAY BOOKS
JAMES WHITCOMB RILEY'S NEW POEMS
OF
The Book of
Joyous Children
The Chicago Record-Herald says:
THE
HERE is not another author living who
*
can do this kind of writing with anything
like Mr. Riley's droll humor and keen appre-
ciation of boy nature. The new book prom-
ises to be as good as any of its predecessors."
EVERY POEM A NEW POEM
With more than 100 illustrations, $1.20 net. (Postage, 8 cents.)

A Charming
Christmas Gift for
Young People
By THOMAS NELSON PAGE
The-Exquisite A Captured Santa Claus
Beautifully illustrated in colors, 75 cents.
$1.50
In two
NEW SCRIBNER FICTION
E. W.
THE SHADOW OF THE ROPE
Hornung "So absorbing that it must be read at one sitting.”—N. Y. Tribune.
Mary R. S.
VIVE L'EMPEREUR
Illustrated in
Andrews.
A romantic story of fascinating interest.
color, $1.00.
Henry
THE WINGS OF THE DOVE
James.
“ Its cleverness is a perpetual delight."— Athenæum (London). vols., $2.50.
Edith
THE VALLEY OF DECISION New one-vol.
Wharton. “Greatest novel of the kind yet produced.”—Pall Mall Gazette. edition, $1.50.
Frank H.
DOCTOR BRYSON
Spearman. A novel of great power, depicting life in Chicago.
$1.50.
Josephine WHOM THE GODS DESTROYED
Dodge Daskam. A group of dramatic stories of the artistic temperament.
James B.
OUT OF GLOUCESTER
Illustrated,
Connolly.
Stories of real sailormen by one who knows them.
F. J. Stimson JETHRO BACON AND THE
$1.00.
(“J. S. of Dale'').
WEAKER SEX
A. T. Quiller-
THE WHITE WOLF
Couch (“Q.”').
$1.50.
AND OTHER FIRESIDE TALES
$1.50.
$1.50.
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK


1902.]
THE DIAL
363
SCRIBNER'S HOLIDAY BOOKS
THE BLUE FLOWER
THE LITTLE WHITE
BIRD

The New Novel
Ву
HENRY
VAN DYKE
Author of
“The Ruling Passion."

THE BLVE
FLOWER
BY HENRY VAN DYKE
70th 1000
One of the most
beautiful Holiday
Gifts imaginable.
Elaborately illustrated
in full color.
By
J. M. BARRIE
The Interior (Chicago):
« The sweetest, most
delicately fanciful, most
exquisitely whimsical bit of
writing one can possibly
conceive.''
N. Y. Times Saturday Re-
view: “Barrie at his best."
N. r. Commercial Advertiser :
“ There can be no question that this is Mr. Barrie
at his best."
$1.50
$1.50
A NEW BOOK BY FRANK R. STOCKTON
JOHN GAYTHER'S GARDEN
And the Stories Told Therein
By FRANK R. STOCKTON
VOLUME of eleven new stories in Mr. Stockton's most amusing
A
manner, all of them connected by a thread of narrative that gives unity
to the whole. The book is one in which Mr. Stockton took a great per-
sonal interest. It has been given an elaborate presentation, and will make a
.
beautiful holiday gift.
Illustrated. $1.50
60th 1000
60th 1000
Ву
RICHARD
HARDING
DAVIS
THE FORTUNES OF
OLIVER HORN
The New Novel by
F. HOPKINSON SMITH
CAPTAIN
MACKLIN
The London Times says:
“ It is a novel of excep-
tional distinction; the scenes
are fresh and vivid, the movement
quick and natural."
Illustrated. $1.50
World's Work:
“The best product of a very versatile man of
unusual gifts and grace, and a piece of fiction of a
very high kind indeed.”
With illustrations by Walter Appleton Clark.
$1.50
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK


364
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
SCRIBNER’S HOLIDAY BOOKS
UNKNOWN MEXICO. By Carl LUMHOLTZ. The most important
record of exploration and discovery in America published for
years. Elaborately produced in two volumes. 1600 pages, 530
photographs, 16 color plates. $12.00 net; expressage extra.
THROUGH HIDDEN SHENSI. By FRANCIS H. NICHOLS. Profusely
illustrated from photographs. $3.50 net; postage, 21 cents.
ACROSS COVETED LANDS. By A. H. SAVAGE LANDOR. Dealing
with Persia and Russian ambitions; the result of an extraordinary
journey just completed. 150 pictures, two volumes. $7.50 net.
ALL THE RUSSIAS. By Henry Norman. More than 100 illustra-
HENRY NORMAN
tions. $4.00 net; postage, 26 cents.
NEW YORK SKETCHES. By Jesse LYNCH WILLIAMS. Many drawings
by McCarter, Guerin, Shinn, etc. $2.00 net; postage, 21 cents.
THE CITIZEN IN HIS RELATION TO THE INDUSTRIAL SITUATION.
By Bishop HENRY C. POTTER. $1.00 net; postage, 10 cents.
THE AMERICAN MERCHANT MARINE. By WJNTHROP L. MARVIN.
Its History and Romance from 1620 to 1902. $2.00 net; postage,
17 cents.
NEW AMSTERDAM AND ITS PEOPLE. By J. H. INNES. With maps,
plans, and rare prints. $2.50 net; postage, 16 cents.
THE PRIVATE SOLDIER UNDER WASHINGTON. By CHARLES
KNOWLES BOLTON. Fully illustrated. $1.25 net; postage, 13 cents.
A NONSENSE ANTHOLOGY. Edited by CAROLYN Wells. The only
anthology in the English language. $1.25 net; postage, ni cents.
CROSS COUNTRY WITH HORSE AND HOUND. By FRANK SHERMAN
PEER. Illustrated in color and in black and white. $3.00 net;
postage, 27 cents.
MEMORIES OF VAILIMA. By Isobel STRONG and LLOYD OSBORNE.
Illustrated. $1.20 net; postage, 16 cents.
ITALIAN CITIES. (Illustrated Edition, 48 tint photographs.) By E. H.
and E. W. BLASHFIELD. Two volumes. $5.00 net.
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK


1902.]
365
THE DIAL
THE CLARENDON PRESS
The Oxford History of Music.
Vol. I. The Polyphonic Period. Part. I. Method of Musical Art, 330-1330. By H. E. WOOLBRIDGE, M.A.
8vo, cloth, extra, $5.00.
Vol. III. The Music of the Seventeenth Century. By C. HUBERT H. Parry, 8vo, cloth, extra, $5.00.
In a review of Vol. I. The Churchman says: “It is certain that the author has succeeded in giving to musical students
by far the most important as well as the most readable treatise on mediæval music that has appeared in the English language.
" It is one of the clearest, best digested and best fortified presentations of a difficult subject that is to be had.''- New
York Tribune.
The Complete Works of John Gower.
Edited from the Manuscripts with Introductions, Notes and Glossaries, by G. C. MACAULAY, M.A. Just
Published. Vol. IV. The Latin Works. 8vo, Buckram, $4.00. Vols. I.-III. already published. Each, $4.00.
De Necessariis Observantiis Scaccarii Dialogus.
Commonly called Dialogus de Scaccario. By RICHARD Low of Nigel, Treasurer of England and Bishop of
London. Edited by Arthur HUGHES, C. G. CRUMP, and C. Johnson. 8vo, cloth, $4.00.
The Part of Rheims in the Making of the English Bible.
By JAMES G. CARLETON, D.D. 8vo, cloth, $3.15.
The Lay of Havelok the Dane.
Circa A.D., 1310. Reëdited from the Unique M.S. Laud 108, in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. By the Rev.
WALTER W. SKEAT, Litt.D., etc. Extra F-cap, 8vo, cloth, $1.10.
Index Britanniae Scriptorum, Quos ex variis bibliothecis non parvo labore collegit Ioannes
Baleus, cum aliis. John Bale’s Index of British and other writers. Edited by REGINALD LANE POOLE, M.A.,
Ph.D., with the help of Mary Bateson. Crown 4to, paper covers, $8.75; in boards with linen back, $9.40.
Studies in History and Jurisprudence.
By JAMES BRYCE, D.C.L. 8vo, cloth, $3.50 net; half morocco, $6.00 net; postage, 27 cents.
"Taken as a whole, these essays constitute an incomparable treatise on the legal aspect of history."—Nation.
“It is no exaggeration to say that no man living is better qualified to write upon these and kindred topics than the
author of the American Commonwealth.' The essays are all distinguished by that careful, painstaking research, profound
learning and scrupulous fairness and impartiality that have given Mr. Bryce's previous works such remarkable vogue among
the learned and cultured of both hemispheres. The study entitled 'Hamilton and Tocqueville' will undoubtedly possess
peculiar interest for American readers."- Albany Law Journal.
Life and Letters of Thomas Cromwell.
By ROGER BIGELOW MERRIMAN. With a Portrait and Facsimile. 2 vols. 8vo, $6.00.
A History of the Peninsular War.
By CHARLES OMAN, M.A. Vol. I. 1807-1809, from the Treaty of Fontainebleau to the Battle of Corunna.
With Maps, Plans and Portraits. 8vo, $4.75.
ALSO PUBLISHED BY HENRY FROWDE:
A History of Egypt
From the End of the Neolithic Period to the Death of Cleopatra VII., B.C. 30.
By E. A. Wallis BUDGE, M.A., Litt.D., D.Lit., keeper of the Egyptian and Assyrian Antiquities in the British
Museum. Illustrated. 6 vols. already published. Cloth, $1.25 each.
Chr. Fr. Grieb's Dictionary of the English and German Languages.
Tenth Edition, Rearranged, Revised and Enlarged, with special regard to Pronunciation and Etymology. By
ARNOLD SCHROER, Ph.D., Professor of English Philology in the University of Freiburg, İ. B. In two
volumes. Volume I., English-German, $4.50; Volume II., German-English, $4.00.
For sale by all booksellers. Send for catalogue.
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, AMERICAN BRANCH
91 and 93 Fifth Avenue, NEW YORK CITY


366
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
HARPER'S BOOKS
THE MAID-AT-ARMS. By Robert W. Chambers, author of "Cardigan.”
"
A stirring novel of American life in days during the Revolution. It deals with the
conspiracy of the great New York landowners and the subjugation of New York
Province to the British. It is a story with a fascinating love interest, and is alive with
exciting interest and adventure. Illustrated by Christy. $1.50.
ISTAR OF BABYLON. By Margaret Horton Potter, author of “The
House of de Mailly," etc.
A novel of the time just before the fall of Babylon, up to and including the great feast of
Belshazzar. It is described as the Pagan “Ben Hur.” $1.50.
THE INTRUSIONS OF PEGGY. By Anthony Hope.
A new novel that combines the brightness of the author's “Dolly Dialogues” with the
interest of the “ Prisoner of Zenda.” It is a story of life to-day in London, with the
adventures and love affairs of a most charming, ingenuous and interesting young woman.
Illustrated. $1.50.
THE VULTURES. By Henry Seton Merriman, author of "The Sowers,”
• With Edged Tools,” etc.
An exciting novel of love, adventure, and international intrigue in Russia, etc. The
attachés of the diplomatic foreign offices play an important part. Illustrated. $1.50.
THE WOOING OF WISTARIA. By Onoto Watanna, author of "A
“
Japanese Nightingale," etc.
A love story of Japan, told with all the poetic charm and feeling that made “ A Japanese
Nightingale” one of the most delightful and popular novels of recent fiction. Frontispiece
portrait of author in tint. $1.50.
THE ADVENTURES OF M. D’HARICOT. By J. Storer Clouston.
A book of rollicking fun—a kind of new “ Innocents Abroad,” with a Frenchman trying
to be an Englishman as its gentle hero. M. d'Haricot's readiness for adventure and his
susceptibility to feminine charms involve him in many entertaining situations. His wit is
nimble and his self-possession never fails him in the most embarrassing crisis. It is one of
the funniest books published in years. Funny cuts by Levering. Ornamented cloth, $1.50.
WINSLOW PLAIN. By Sarah P. McLean Greene, author of “ Flood-
Tide," " Vesty of the Basins,” etc.
The scene is laid in a quaint little New England village fifty years ago. It is a story of
the life of that time in New England, with a fascinating love interest told from start to
finish with the bright, witty optimism and true comedy that all readers enjoyed in the
author's “Flood-Tide.” $1.50.
THE SHIP OF DREAMS. By Louise Forsslund, author of The Story of
Sarah," etc.
The chief characters are the aristocrats—the descendants of the early settlers on Long
Island. The consequences of a curse upon one of these families is the chief motive of
the story. $I 50.
a
"
a
HARPER AND BROTHERS


1902.)
367
THE DIAL
FOR THE HOLIDAYS
town.
IN THE MORNING GLOW. By Roy Rolfe Gilson.
These are stories of home life-Father, Mother, Little Sister, etc.—written in the vein
of tenderness, pathos, and humor, that touches the deepest emotions. The stories first
appeared in Harper's Magazine. Beautifully illustrated by Alice Barber Stephens. $1.25.
THE REFLECTIONS OF AMBROSINE. By Elinor Glyn, author of
" The Visits of Elizabeth."
The great popularity of “ The Visits of Elizabeth" will make the announcement of a
new novel by the same author most welcome. The charm of these new “ Reflections"
-their wit, humor, and, above all, their bright, keen observation—not only abundantly
fulfil the promise of the author's former work, but will win for the author hundreds of
new admirers.
$1.50.
OUT OF THE WEST. By Elizabeth Higgins.
This is the story of the career of a young man who goes from the East to the West-
his rise to power, temptation, struggle, success. Every phase of the life of the young
American, as the author describes it, is true. It is, besides, a story of life-the home
life, society, the actual every-day experiences of the people of a typical little Western
S1.50.
LITERATURE AND LIFE. By W. D. Howells.
This volume is another of Mr. Howells's delighttul books of reminiscence and criticism
of literarv things, life and people. It is written in the same style and is bound uniformly
with the author's “Literary Friends and Acquaintance” and “ Heroines of Fiction."
Thirty-two full-page illustrations. S2.25 net; postage extra.
THE REIGN OF QUEEN ANNE. By Justin McCarthy, M.P., author
of “A History of Our Own Times,” etc.
The history of the lite and times of Queen Anne is a very fitting introduction to the
series of the author's popular histories of England, her men, manners and events. The
age of Queen Anne is one of the most brilliant in English History. In two volumes,
uniform with the author's “Reminiscences.” Cloth, in box, 54.00 net; postage extra.
THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS. By Lewis Carroll. The Peter
Newell Edition.
This delightful story—a classic for both old and young--is bound uniformly with the
Peter Newell “ Alice in Wonderland," published last year. There are forty full-page
illustrations by Peter Newell, a frontispiece portrait of the artist, decorative borders in
color, gilt top, and deckel edges. It is put up in a handsome box. $3.00 net;
postage extra.
THE DESERTED VILLAGE. By Oliver Goldsmith. The Abbey Edition.
This is the most beautiful edition of this work of Goldsmith's ever issued. It is
exquisitely illustrated from paintings by Edwin A. Abbey, R.A., which first appeared
in Harper's Magazine. There is a frontispiece portrait of Abbey, introductions by
Goldsmith and Austin Dobson, and copious annotations by Cunningham. Roval octavo,
bound in silk cloth, $3.00.
FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK


368
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
Lippincott's Books of Distinction

By Sydney George Fisher
The True History of the
American Revolution
THESE
HESE are the real facts of the days of
1776. Mr. Fisher has some things to
tell about the conduct of the War of the
Revolution, its chief figures, and the reasons
for its outcome,
which will startle
every reader of
American history.
24 illustrations.
Crown 8vo. Cloth,
decorated,
net
$2.00
Postage, 14 cts. extra.
By Clara E.
Laughlin
Stories of
Authors'
Loves
Nothing in fiction
1
excels the fasci-
nation of these ro-
Charlotte Brontë.
mances of real men and women whom we
all know by their writings. The volumes
are a chronicle of facts, Two volumes. Illus-
but hold all the charm of trated. Handsomely
a novel. They have pho- bound, in box,
net .
$3.00
togravure frontispieces Three-quarters mo-
and 43 duogravure por- rocco, net $6.00
traits and views.
Postage, 22 cts. extra.

.
By Rufus Rockwell Wilson
New York - Old and New
1
Ts story as told by its landmarks. The writer is the author of “Rambles in Colonial
Byways,” and “ Washington : The Capital City,” etc., and this is the first authoritative,
comprehensive and at the same time readable work vet put out on New Two volumes. Illus-
York City. It is handsomely illustrated with many reproductions from trated... Extra buck-
photographs, old prints, etc., and contains a wealth of new material.
ram, net.
$3.50
Postage, 30c. extra.
.

By Anne H. Wharton
By Prof. Angelo Heilprin
Mont Pelée and the
Tragedy of Martinique
A
COMPREHENSIVE account
of the eruption of Mt.
Pelée and the destruction of
St. Pierre, from observations
and personal investigation
made by this renowned scien-
tist. A close and authorita-
tive study of the conditions
anticipating, attending, and
following volcan
Hlustrated.
ic disturbances 8vo, cloth,
and of the phe- 350 pages,
nomena of like net, $3.00
convulsions.
Postage extra.
Social Life in the
Early Republic
M'
iss WHARTON'S wide knowledge
of the practically untouched
period following on Colonial and Rev-
olutionary years, and her ability to
make us
Colored frontispiece.
men and women
Profusely illustrated.
of past times as Crown 8vo. Decora-
they really were, are here given the most
ted cloth, gilt
top, net $3.00
interesting expression. The volume prom-
ises to rival in popularity her. “Salons Half levant,
Colonial and Republican,” and “Through net . . . . $6.00
Colonial Doorways."
Postage, 17 cts. extra.
see the
Publishers — J. B. Lippincott Company - Philadelphia
-
-


1902.]
369
THE DIAL
The New Lippincott Fiction

By Jack London
A Daughter of the Snows
A STRONG dramatic story about a woman. In plot unique, its char-
acters boldly drawn, and the love interest intense. The first full
length novel from a writer whose tales “ The Son of the Wolf," and
“ The God of His Fathers,” etc., have won him much popularity as
well as recognition from the first critics. The book
Illustrated.
is beautifully illustrated in colors from drawings by Decorated
F. C. Yohn, and is handsomely bound.
cloth . . . $1.50
12 mo.
By Philip V. Mighels
By Rosa N. Carey
By Lynn R. Meekins
Adam Rush
An American Love Story.
ADAM RUSH
ADAM
RUSH
CRY RAST
MBUNS
LYNN ROBY MEEKINS
The
Inevitable
The hero of Mr. Mighels's
THE
book is an interesting
and good-looking young fel-
low, whose parentage is
shrouded in mystery.
His
love story has the fascina-
tion of uncertainty.
銀監​環球
​The Highway of
Fate
M18
ISS CAREY's new book
is the best thing she
has done. The love story
is fascinating. The same
charm of sentiment and char-
acter is here which marks the
large number of novels that
have won for her high place.
12mo. Decorated
cloth
. $1.50

望​更强
​跑跑​盃
​APPINCOTT
Colored frontispiece.
Decorated cloth. $1.50
Colored frontispiece.
12mo. Decorated cloth $1.50

By Cyrus Townsend Brady
By Owen Wister
Woven with the Ship The Dragon of
MR.
R. Brady's thousands of readers Wantley
will derive fresh pleasure from
this his new book. It has an intensely | Four editions have been
.
sold
on every page. In addition to the by the author of “ The Vir-
novel, which is the most sympathetic ginian.” It contains some
love story he has yet written, there are of the wittiest and most
a number of tales in his best manner. humorous dialogue of its dis-
The book has stunning drawings by tinguished writer. The illus-
Christy, Leyendecker, Glackens, Park-
trations are Illustrated. 12 mo.
hurst, and Crawford, and has a
Illustrated. 12mo.
by John Decorated
striking design in colors.
Decorated cloth. $1.50 Stewardson. cloth. $1.25
ime
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“THE GREAT HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES”
SCHOULER'S
History of the United States of America
Under the Constitution
JOHN FISKE said of it:
“An excellent work, and it fills a place
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a
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1902.]
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The of Season
by
Written and illustrated'ess on RUDYARD KIPLING

THE JUST SO
STORIES
By RUDYARD KIPLING
950
-1951
والا ۱۱- ۱۰۱
RUSSD SATA
THE JUST SO STORIES
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A ,
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TH
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TH
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Shakspere and His Forerunners
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Alaska
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T
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I
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Photography as a Fine Art
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a
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painting, by such men as Sargent, Abbey, Whistler,
Homer, Brush, Walker, Inness, Tryon, Martin, La
Farge, Wyant, and Fuller. A notable and impressive
collection of pictures, accompanied by sane and suggestive
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The Voice of the People
By Ellen Glasgow.
MR:
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tures, which illustrate to a remarkable degree the
color and local feeling that are so prominent a feature of
the novel. This tale of life in Virginia after the Civil
War is a most dramatic love story of political and social
life in Virginia since the war.
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Memoirs of a Contemporary
Translated by L. STRACHEY.
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The Furniture of Our Forefathers
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Camera Shots at Big Game
By Mr. and Mrs. A. G. Wallihan. Introduction by
THEODORE ROOSEVELT.
R EMARKABLE photographs from life of wild animals -
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The Moon
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P Rofessor Pickering had charge of the party from
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Japan Edition,
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The Pleasures of the Table
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T 'He first history of gastronomy published in America.
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Old Songs for Young America
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trated by Miss Blanche Ostertag, holds a unique
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ment which even older people cannot help enjoying.
Beautifully illustrated
in full color, with
words and music.
Net, $2.00.
DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS
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378
(Dec. 1,
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1902.]
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THE DIAL
E. P. Dutton & Co.'s New Books
CONSTABLE AND HIS INFLUENCE ON LANDSCAPE PAINTING
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, .
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LUCA AND ANDREA DELLA LA PATRICK'S DAY HUNT
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LIFE AND LETTERS OF
AN ANTHOLOGY OF VICTORIAN H. TAINE. 1828-1852
POETRY
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380
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381
THE DIAL
Live Books for the Holidays
SOCIAL NEW YORK UNDER
THE GEORGES. 1714-1776
An Account of Houses, Streets, and Country Homes, with Chapters on
Fashions, Furniture, China, Plate, and Manners. Profusely Illus-
trated. Royal Octavo. Price, $5.00 net. Postage 30 cents additional.
By ESTHER SINGLETON
This handsome volume by the author of “The Furniture of Our Forefathers ” will
come to most readers as a revelation. Dealing as it does with the period when the first, second,
and third Georges reigned over New York, it goes back to times usually thought to have been
primitive, but in reality they were not. Here in New York existed a state of social splendor
which, allowing for the difference in population, was not unlike that which prevailed in London.
This period in the social history of North America has not heretofore found an historian.
Miss Singleton has combined the hard facts of history with minor things in social and domestic
life in a singularly happy and effective manner.
Daniel Boone Father Marquette The Romance of My
By Reuben Gold THWAITES, ByReuben Gold Thwaites, Childhood and Youth
author of “Father Marquette.” editor of “The Jesuit Rela- By Mme. ADAM (Juliette
(Historic Lives Series.) Illus- tions,” etc. (Historic Lives Lamber). Portrait and Orna-
trated. 12mo, cloth, $1.00 Series.) Illustrated.
I 2mo, mental Title.
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net; postage, 10 cents addi- cloth, $1.00 net; postage, 10 $1.40 net; postage, 12 cents
tional.
cents additional.
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The Story of the Trapper Animals before Man in North America
By A. C. Laut, author of « The Heralds of
Their Lives and Times
Empire.” Illustrated by Hemment. (The By Dr. F. A. Lucas, curator of the Division of
Story of the West Series, edited by Ripley Comparative Anatomy, United States National
Hitchcock.) 12mo, cloth, $1.25 net; postage Museum, Washington. Illustrated. I 2mo,
12 cents additional.
cloth, $1.25 net; postage 12 cents additional.
Up from Georgia
Funds and Their Uses Ohio and Her
A Treatise on Instruments,
A volume of poems by FRANK Methods, and Institutions in
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D. APPLETON & COMPANY, New York and Chicago


382
(Dec. 1, 1902.
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Live Books for the
Holidays
Sir Gilbert Parker's New Book
DONOVAN PASHA AND SOME PEOPLE
Author of "The War of
the Worlds."
OF EGYPT
By Gilbert Parker
Colored Frontispiece. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
“ Admirers of Gilbert Parker cannot help being immensely pleased with the latest work
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from it with fresh laurels to add to those already won.”—Chicago Journal.
“ The book is to be commended to all readers, because it has originality of theme and
more than a touch of that mysterious Oriental coloring which acts as a solvent upon our latent
incredulity and makes these stories throb and glow with a vitality of actual life.”—Prof. Harry
Thurston Peck in N. Y. American.
THE SEA « Very good fun, a clever “ It is so full of human THE
LADY
conceit cleverly worked nature that it is excellent HOUSEWIVES
out, with just enough mys- reading
Miss Popham
by
OF
tery and aloofness about it, has done a clever piece of
H. G. WELLS,
EDENRISE
while under the jest of it work. A most entertain-
by
there is a meaning.”—De- ing book.”—Chicago Inter Florence Popham.
Cloth, 12mo, $1.50. troit Free Press.
Ocean.
12mo, cloth, $1.50.
THE KING'S A thrilling romance of the "The Things That Are THE THINGS
AGENT
days of that arch plotter, Cæsar's' is undoubtedly a THAT ARE
hy
John Churchill, Duke of strongly written book and
CAESAR'S
ARTHUR Paterson, Marlborough, and his fa- will be read with great in- By REGINALD W.
mous and beautiful wife, terest.”—Milwaukee Sen- KAUFFMAN,
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tinel.
vard." 12mo, cloth, $1 50.
A New Volume in the
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UNDER
rapid movement rife with
trayed with unerring accu-
“THE TALK
THE SEA
astonishing incidents, and
racy the life of the well-to-
OF
by
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occurring in the most pe-
THE TOWN"
Max PEMBERTON,
culiar place man
thriving American manu-
by
ever
Author of "Footsteps of
facturing town. Their Eliza ARMSTRONG
a Throne," etc. dreamed of.” – Chicago
life, loves, and tragedies are
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THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago.
gleton's Famous Paintings, and London. Miss
Perkins's French Cathedrals and Chateaux.- Kel-
man and Fulleylove's The Holy Land. -- Johnson's
New England and Its Neighbors. — Miss Glasgow's
Voice of the People, illustrated edition. - Wal-
lace's The First Christmas. -New volumes in the
“New Century Library.”- Mrs. Browning's Son-
nets from the Portuguese, illus. by Margaret Arm-
strong. — Miss Corelli's A Christmas Greeting. -
New volumes in the “Thumb-Nail Series."- Ford's
Wanted, A Chaperon. - Dickens's A Christmas
Carol, in the “ Ariel Booklets."— Falls's Mishaps
of an Automobilist.
No. 395.
DEC. 1, 1902.
Vol. XXXIII.
CONTENTS.
.
PAGE
THREE SCORE AND TEN .
383
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG - I.
403
Old favorites in new form. - History in pleasant
guise. - About boys and for them. — For girls and
about them. — Life in school and college. — Books
for younger boys. — Books for younger girls.
For youngsters of both sexes. Tales of the
fairies. Songs, jingles, and pictures.
-
NOTES
409
THE CURRENT NEGLECT OF POETRY.
H. W. Boynton
385
COMMUNICATION ..
386
Professor Ladd's “Philosophy of Conduct.”
George Trumbull Ladd.
A NOTEWORTHY AFTERMATH. Percy F.
Bicknell
387
THE BOOK OF THE COURTIER. Mary Augusta
Scott ..
. 389
THE GREATEST OF WOOD - ENGRAVERS.
Frederick W. Gookin
392
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS
410
.
.
.
LIST OF HOLIDAY BOOKS
410
.
THREE SCORE AND TEN.
-
.
A NEW HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE.
Francis Wayland Shepardson
THE LATEST CRITIC OF BROWNING'S POETRY.
Annie Russell Marble
395
HOLIDAY PUBLICATIONS — I...
397
Williams's Madame de Pompadour. — Crockett's
The Scott Country. — Lockhart's Life of Scott,
“Cambridge” edition. — Thoreau's Walden, one-
vol. holiday edition. — Mabie's Under the Trees,
illus. by C. L. Hinton. - Long's School of the
Woods. — Lord Gower's Sir Joshua Reynolds. –
Douglas's Fra Angelico, second edition. — Mrs.
Cartwright's Life and Letters of Millet, second
edition. — Miss Cary's William Morrig. - Caffin's
American Masters of Painting, illustrated edition.
– Miss Laughlin's Stories of Authors' Loves.
Miss Bacon's Japanese Girls and Women, illustrated
holiday edition. -- Miss Morning Glory's American
Diary of a Japanese Girl. - Grahame's Dream
Days, illus. by Maxfield Parrish. Goldsmith's
The Deserted Village, illus. by E. A. Abbey. -
Mills's Historic Houses of New Jersey. — Mrs. Bol-
ton's Famous Artists, holiday edition. — Dole's
Famous Composers, holiday edition. — Müller's
Memories, illus. by Blanche Ostertag. — Miss Sin-
Of the three giants of the North — Count
Tolstoy, Dr. Ibsen, and Herr Björnson — two
-
have for several years enjoyed the septuagen-
arian distinction, and the third is about to
achieve that dignity. On the eighth of the
present month, it will have been exactly seventy
years since Björnstjerne Björnson was born in
the Norwegian bamlet of Kvikne - born into
the simple conditions that characterize the
household life of the country pastor, yet des-
tined to become one of the greatest men of his
time, and to stand in the eyes of Norwegians
everywhere as the typical representative of
their race. The shoulders that to-day so stur-
dily bear their weight of years have supported
many good causes during the past half-century,
for they are the shoulders of one who has not
been content to produce literature alone, but
who “ was ever a fighter as well as a poet.
All honor to the man who to-day adds to the
glory of the singer and the creative artist the
other glory of many stout battles waged for
-


384
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
truth and righteousness in the political, intel two modern novels, “ There Are Flags in City
lectual, and ethical arena.
and Harbor" (called “ The Heritage of the
Although no less widely known than his great Kurts" in its English version), and "In God's
fellow-countryman and friendly rival, Dr. Ib. Ways,” are among the most important produc-
sen, the subject of the present study has of late tions of modern Continental fiction. The sec-
years proved less attractive as a theme for cos- ond of them, in particular, is a moving picture
mopolitan discussion. The questions which he of life which is equal if not superior to the best
has raised have not had quite the poignant vi- work of Count Tolstoy, having the same quali-
tality, or have not borne quite so directly upon ties of simple sincerity and truthfulness com-
the interests of the moment, as have those bined with an even finer literary art.
raised by Dr. Ibsen ; the name of the latter The dramatic work of Herr Björnson can
has, in consequence, more frequently engaged hardly be said to be known to our public at
the pen of the journalist. But this fact seems all, although it might be set in the balance
to represent only a passing phase of critical with the work of Dr. Ibsen with some doubt as
activity. That the future will redress the bal- to the direction in which the scale would tip.
ance of public interest is hardly to be doubted. “Sigurd Slembe” alone, the greatest of the
Herr Björnson enjoyed many years of cosmo- earlier works, exists in a volume uniform with
politan fame before the name of his older American translation of the tales; of the other
contemporary had awakened other than faint plays, early and late, some four or five have
echoes abroad, and, although as a dramatist been put forward sporadically, and are prac-
alone his merits may be weighed (and perhaps tically inaccessible. The first part of “Over
found wanting) in comparison with those of Dr. Ævne,” recently produced upon the English
Ibsen, it must be remembered that the fame of stage with such impressive beauty by Mrs.
the great novelist is also his, and, added to that, Patrick Campbell, may be had in a version
the distinction of being supreme among the called “Paster Sang," and the last of the plays,
lyrists of his nation.
Laboremus,” may be found in a recent issue
Herr Björnson's work was introduced to the of “The Fortnightly Review." Those who ran-
English public by Mary Howitt, who in 1858 sack the files of “Poet-lore" may find therein
(the year after its original publication made a a translation of " A Glove," and we also re-
free translation of “Synnöve Solbakken," and member to have come across obscurely pub-
published it in England, with a changed title, lished translations of “The Newly-Wedded
and without mention of the author's name. Pair” and of “Mary Stuart in Scotland.”
It was not long, however, before the name also But “ The King," and several other master-
became known, when translations of the other pieces of Herr Björnson's second period, have
peasant idyls were made during the following never, as far as we know, been put into En-
few years. But in spite of this early introduc- glish. Surely, the man who must rank among
tion to English readers, Herr Björnson has not the half dozen greatest writers living at the
fared very well at the hands of translators, and beginning of the twentieth century has de-
the English public still has a very inadequate served something better than this haphazard
and one-sided idea of his work. Most people sort of translation.
continue to think of him as the author of the It will be realized from the foregoing re-
simple stories by which he first became known marks that to be familiar with “ Arne and
to us, and few realize in what manifold other “ The Fisher Maiden," and to have a vivid re-
directions his activities have been developed. collection of " Beyond Human Power” as pre-
His lyrical genius must forever remain un. sented on the stage by Mrs. Campbell is to be
known to those who cannot read his language, very far from knowing the colossal and sym-
for is always untranslatable, but there is pathetic figure who for over forty years has
no reason why his work in fiction and the stood at the head of Scandinavian literature.
drama, in all its phases, should not become the At the very least, one must know in addition
possession of all English readers. Most of the such works as “
such works as “ Sigurd Slembe,” “ The King,"
fiction has, as we believe, been translated into and “In God's Ways.” And one should also
English, but the two great productions of his know, besides Herr Björnson's principal books,
later years have not been included in either of something of his manifold activities as poli-
the two uniform collections, and their transla- tician and orator, as social theorist and apostle
tions have appeared in so furtive a fashion that of liberal thought. And in all these aspects of
few readers are aware of their existence. These his career it must be remembered that he ex.
som
a
song
At
a


1902.)
885
THE DIAL
hibits the distinctive stamp of his nationality. self responsible for these books? Very seldom, it
What Dr. Brandes says upon this subject has should be said at once, upon the terms which would
often been quoted, but may be quoted once
govern the publication of an average novel, say.
more as a fitting close to these remarks. “To The publisher rarely pays the whole cost, and when
he does, unless the verse possesses some catch-
name the name of Björnson is like hoisting the
Norwegian flag. In his merits and his faults,
penny quality, hardly looks for a profit. Usually
his genius and his weakness, he is as distinctly the anthor. Not infrequently the author
the expense is shared, the larger part falling upon
pays the
national as Voltaire or Schiller. Free-spoken as whole cost, simply receiving the advantage of the im-
a man, laconic as an artist, touchily patriotic, and print of some respectable publishing-house. Among
at the same time vividly conscious of his na- a certain class of publishers, too, it is a matter of
tion's narrow-mindedness, its spiritual poverty policy to get out a new book of verse now and then.
and needs -- a consciousness that has impelled Poetry is an item which ought not to be entirely
him to Scandinavism, Teutonism, cosmopoli- absent from the list of forthcoming books ; and the
tanism,--this peculiar mingling of qualities is publisher is willing to pay the piper rather than have
so typically national that Björnson in his own
it supposed that nobody is piping.
It is not a very high-priced form of advertising,
person comprehends the nation.” And now,
- or, to be charitable, not an over-strenuous act of
upon the occasion of his seventieth birthday, piety. An edition of two or three hundred copies
with the plaudits of the nation that proudly of the ordinary book of verse is quite likely to glut
claims him for her own, there are mingled the the market; and the expense of the plates is not
plaudits of the whole cosmopolitan world of let- great. Not long ago a volume of verse was put
ters, won and richly deserved by the sheer force forth by a well-known house, and received with un-
of the genius that makes him to-day among the usual favor by the critics and the public. In the
foremost spokesmen of humankind.
course of six months or so a new edition was an-
nounced with some trumpeting. One had visions of
substantial returns to the lucky poet as well as the
glory of a wide audience for his work, and might
THE CURRENT NEGLECT OF POETRY.
have been surprised to learn that the first edition
consisted of seven hundred copies.
That was &
While we properly choose to think of poetry as rare success. Under these conditions, it is not sur-
something more than a marketable commodity, and prising that there is now an increasing tendency on
do not, under the best conditions, expect it to gain the part of verse-writers of refinement to have their
a wide circle of immediate customers, we can hardly work privately printed. A hundred copies can be
look
upon the unmarketableness of current Amer- pretty cheaply produced, and readily taken care of
ican verse without wonder. It is true, of course, by the old-fashioned method of subscription. That
that the fact holds good with regard to other forms was a thrifty method ; if one's bantling is to be cast
of belles lettres. The creative essay of the old dis- into the waters, it is certainly more discreet to fur.
cursive type, and the modern logical essay in liter. nish a life-belt. But the principle is vicious, after
ary criticism, are in their purer form almost equally all. If poetry is a fine art, there is no apparent
impertinent to the conscious needs even of the bet- reason why the poetic product should not “exploit”
ter public. But this is less difficult to understand; itself upon even terms with any other fine-art prod-
for poetry, we must think, is capable of more direct uct; and say what we will about the independence
appeal to our primary impulses, and should there- of the artist, we cannot feel that he gains in dignity
fore be avoided with less ease, no matter how in- by assuming the methods of the amateur. When
different to the idea of poetry we may be. In its the poet has once fairly admitted that his product
simplest aspect of “emotional rhythmic utterance,” is unmerchantable, and has declined to put it to the
it continues, as Professor Gummere has pointed out, test, he has cast suspicion upon its value. No work
to gain some reward in the newspaper and on the of art gains by fond handling ; it must take its
vaudeville stage. But the audience thus appealed to chances in the open field.
is not the audience of which we can expect support The chances will of course be against its achiev-
for any one of the fine arts ; and it is of poetry in ing a success of the first order. We may think of
its character of fine art, and of its present neglect poetry in the highest sense as a product the quality
by the limited audience upon which it might seem, of which approaches an absolute standard. But
in that character, to possess some claim, that I am poetry of this quality must in the nature of things
here speaking.
be extremely rare; while every age has produced a
How far is this charge of indifference justified quantum of verse to which, though it lacks that
by the facts ? Surely, one reflects, a good many supreme excellence, we cannot sensibly deny the
volumes of verse,
- as many as thirty or forty in title of poetry. There is, in fact, a broader aspect
America alone, are published every year; and of poetic achievement which does not leave us quite
the publisher, with all his failings, does not throw 80 free to deal in extremes of judgment. From
away money. Upon what terms does he make him-
this point of view, “Shakespeare or nothing ” must


386
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
1
.
cease to be the formula by which we can dispose of will be his class-room and the high-way his studio.
the problem of contemporary verse. Believing with Poets are not born equal, and their work, if it is to
Aristotle that poetry is one of the imitative or cre- endure, must be the outcome of hard discipline and
ati arts whose end is pleasure, we must also be- a settled philosophy of life, as well as of the mys-
lieve that this pleasure must be capable of marked terious glow and vigor of fancy which we call in-
variations in degree if not in kind. We do not de spiration.
mand that every painting or statue should be a There is little use in plaintive talk about the
masterpiece in order to gain our approbation. If
If public. People who could conceivably take a live
the current product in any art is seen to be treated interest in poetry as a fine art must be few. But
with indifference by any people or age, the obvious there are a good many millions of us in America;
inference would be that the product is inferior, or and there are, after all reservations have been made,
that the public taste is degenerate, or both. An- an uncertain number of thousands who really posse88
other inference, somewhat less obvious, but, I think, and take pleasure in cultivating a sense, rudimen-
especially worthy of consideration in forming a tary at least, for artistic value. They like, or wish
judgment of our own attitude toward poetry, would to like, good paintings, good music, good sculpture
be that such indifference indicates a general misap- and architecture; and they feel a sort of responsi-
prehension of the significance of this patient and bility for the support of those arts. I am wishing
little rewarded pursuit of poetry which we know to to inquire here if a similar sense of interest and re-
be always going on. Not only as a means for ex- sponsibility in our immediate poetic product may
pressing spontaneous emotion (and of course it must not be in the future both proper and cultivable.
always be that), but as a fine art, poetry continues
H. W. BOYNTON.
to appeal to a small but steadfast element in our
society which the comic papers laugh at and the
sober authorities condescend to.
Let me say here that I take no more interest in
COMMUNICATION.
the pursuit of poetry for art's sake than for the sake
PROFESSOR LADD'S "PHILOSOPHY OF CONDUCT."
of sociology. The ambling sentiment of the popular
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
poet and the precious phrasing of the high-voiced
It would doubtless be unreasonable to expect that so
literary poet are equally beside the mark. Neither
sincerity nor prettiness can by themselves compass
elaborate a work as my “Philosophy of Conduct"
poetic beauty; the partial, the trite, the finicking,
should receive adequate treatment in so brief a notice
as your journal chose to give, in your issue of Nov. 1
are as fatal in poetry as in sculpture or painting.
last. But no critical notice of any book, however brief
One may fancy an advantage to minor work in those
such notice may be, can be absolved from the obligation
arts from the comparative inaccessibility of the great to state the main positions of the book it criticises, in
masterpieces. That would not hold true of music; an intelligible and truthful manner. This the reviewer
but there, as in painting, beauty makes its appeal in THE DIAL utterly failed to do. And since the book
through one of the outer senses, while poetry, how.
treats of Morality, my interest in its positions and in
ever perfect its form, bestows its full loveliness only
their fair presentation is something more and higher
tban a selfish personal interest. I therefore ask your
upon the inward ear, as sculpture communicates its
permission in few words to state to your readers what
fall perfection only to the inward eye. The painter
those positions are.
and the composer of no more than ordinary powers In this book I have aimed to show, and I think that
are often able by simple manipulations to impress I have conclusively shown, the truth of the following
effects confusingly suggestive of greatness, upon an three propositions : First, the study of man's ethical
audience whose mood is commonly of sensuous opinions and of his actual conduct, when pursued merely
susceptibility rather than of pure and intelligent by the empirical method, leaves all the fundamental
sympathy. The luxury of this mood partly accounts
problems of ethics in darkness and confusion.
As re-
for the immense and increasing encouragement given spects its side of feeling, man's moral consciousness,
by England and America to a department of fine
when viewed from the psychological and the evolution-
ary points of view, appears in irreconcilable conflict.
art in which they have actually achieved far less of
As respects judgment and thought, it is found always
moment than in poetry. English poetry as a whole
involved in confusion. Man's conceptions of the sano-
is as far superior to German poetry as English tions, the fitting rewards, and ideals of conduct can
magic is inferior to German music.
neither be explained nor defended solely on the basis
The analogy between poetry and the sister arts of his past or present experience. To state and, by a
must not be pushed too far. The real barrier which prolonged investigation of the facts, to prove this posi-
intervenes is suggested by the fact that we can tion is the merit of a work on ethics ; if, as I hold the
hardly imagine the profitableness of establishing responsible for the failure of empiricism to clear up the
case to be, the facts, and not the author, must be held
national or private schools of the poetic art. At the
subject.
same time it is a little indolent of us to lie back
Second: When we inquire, with a broad understand.
upon the theory that poets are born, not made.
ing of human nature and a wide and sympathetic sur-
The poet must be born with the aptitude, yes ; but
vey of man's moral development, What is the nature of
then the aptitude must be developed. He does not this ideal of conduct, whose sanctions seem to man im-
need the viva voce method ; of necessity, the library | perative, but whose image changes with all the changes


1902.)
387
THE DIAL
race.
in the culture and social environment of the individual?
The answer can be given by philosophy. It is not
The New Books.
merely, or chiefly, an ideal of comfortable living, or of
so-called happiness, whether for the individual or for the
Neither is it the ideal of perfect conformity to
A NOTEWORTHY AFTERMATH.*
an impersonal, but so-called moral law. It is rather
the ideal of an individual, functioning as a person in an
Either as lectures, after-dinner addresses, or
environment of other persons, i. e., in a social organism. magazine articles, most if not all of the brief
Here again, if this ideal can be only somewhat vaguely studies by the late John Fiske, now collected
described, or imperfectly sketched, this, too, is not the in two stout octavos by his widow and executrix,
fault of the author. It is the excellence of the ideal,
which is ever in the state of evolution — rising, expand-
have already been presented to the public. The
ing, and alluring man onward. Who shall describe repeated delivery of the greater number of
with hard and finished outlines, the ideal person in them before intelligent audiences in all parts
social relations, under the existing conditions of man's of the country has insured them a finish and
total environment?
symmetry too often lacking in a collection of
But, third, the origin, the nature, the sanctions, the
effectiveness, of this ideal, and especially the history of
posthumous miscellanies. This, too, may ac-
its unfolding in the spirit of the race, call for an
count for a certain tendency to colloquialism,
explanation which lies beyond the anthropological or now and then apparent, more suitable to the
social point of new. This explanation must be found
spoken address than to the printed essay. Not
where the best of the race have always been inclined
that one would have it otherwise, however ; for
to find it, viz., in the postulate of that Ethical Spirit
as the Ground of the world and of humanity, whom
such idiosyncrasies of a gifted author who was
faith calls God.
so suddenly and so recently taken from us, are
In one word, just as I have shown, with the most things to be treasured. For example, when he
faithful regard for facts and the strictest application
chooses, in the midst of a grave historical dis-
of scientific method, in my two preceding books, “ Phil-
osophy of Knowledge” and " A Theory of Reality," cussion, to reinforce his argument with a line
that God is the Ground of all we know in science, so I
from “ Pinafore,” or to enliven his page with
have shown in « The Philosophy of Conduct," that God a stanza from “ Iolanthe," the reader is pleas-
is the Ground of all we approve and strive to attain in antly reminded of the writer's fondness for and
conduct. Respectful consideration shall always be
shown by me to any critic who, with a small fraction
proficiency in music.
of the same regard for facts and for the scientific
The nine chapters of the first volume, as
method, challenges these views. But for a critic who, Mrs. Fiske's introductory note tells us, were to
like the writer of the notice in THE DIAL, makes no have been incorporated in a larger work, “A
semblance of any effort even truthfully to present the
History of the American People,” had the au-
views he criticizes, but promptly retreats to the cheap
and antiquated appeal to the odium anti-theologicum,
thor lived to execute the plan. They are ar-
what respectful consideration can any one be asked to ranged in chronological order, from Governor
have?
GEORGE TRUMBULL LADD.
Hutchinson to Daniel Webster.
But being
Yale University, Nov. 17, 1902.
special studies, biographical and political, they
[If a reviewer writing for a journal of literary
want the historical perspective that would
criticism should attempt to state, in a single article,
doubtless have characterized the completed
the main positions of six treatises on ethics, he would
work. That they are all intensely interesting
lay upon the readers of the journal a burden which follows as a necessity from their authorship.
no editor, however compliant, would permit him to The enthusiasm with which the writer throws
impose. All that can be demanded of such a re- himself into his subject cannot but carry the
viewer, therefore, is that whatever material he reader along with him, a willing captive. The
selects for presentation shall be described with a much-maligned Thomas Hutchinson becomes a
scrupulous regard for truth. How far I gucceeded
hero and a martyr. The weak and shifty
in my endeavor to follow this principle in my notice
Charles Lee figures as too despicable a charac-
of Professor Ladd's “ Philosophy of Conduct” is a
ter even to gain admittance to the
subject I can hardly discuss in these columns for
company of
want of the requisite space.
Our ad-
It seems, however,
those consigned to eternal torment.
the less necessary because nothing in the author's
miration for Hamilton we follow up with hardly
own statement of his position, as given above, con-
less applause for his foeman, Jefferson. Madi.
tradicts in the slightest degree my interpretation of son, Jackson, Harrison, Tyler, Webster, each
his views. My criticism of Professor Ladd's con- is shown to have contributed his share toward
clusions was not intended to be an argued discussion strengthening the Union, as no other man be-
of their truth. It was simply a brief and therefore
* Essays, HISTORICAL AND LITERARY. By John Fiske.
dogmatically formulated statement of the judgment
Vol. I. Scenes and Characters in American History. Vol. II.
which a conscientious study of the book had left in In Favourite Fields. With portrait. New York: The Mac-
my mind.-THE REVIEWER.)
millan Co.
G


388
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
6
fore or since could have done. Even Webster's Religion " pricks the curiosity by its very title.
• seventh of March ” speech is warmly de- “Evolution and the Present Age” is a bit of
fended. The plea is the one almost invariably cosmic philosophy for popular consumption.
used by his biographers,—that no other atti- “Koshchei the Deathless supplements the
tude was possible for a statesman whose gov- author's - Myths and Myth-makers.” A sym-
erning motive was the preservation of the pathetic study of Milton illustrates Dr. Fiske's
Upion. In a certain sense Webster's course breadth of reading and also his fine ear for all
was defensible, because from his point of view that is musical in verse.
it was the only one open. But after all is said, In the chapter on Huxley occurs, among
he who excuses accuses ; and it must ever be other good stories, the following version of the
cause for regret that no higher motive prevailed "Soapy Sam " incident, which will serve to
”
that day than expediency.
relieve the tedium of this review. The author
A bit of new and apparently trustworthy received the account from his friend Youmans.
testimony is brought forward, in the chapter “ It was at the meeting of the British Association
on “Charles Lee, the Soldier of Fortune," to at Oxford in 1860, soon after the publication of Dar-
settle the vexed question as to the language
win's epoch-making book, and while people in general
were wagging their heads at it, that the subject came
used by Washington at Monmouth toward his
up for discussion before a fashionable and hostile au-
faithless lieutenant. By a Virginian who heard dience. Samuel Wilberforce, the plausible and self-
the story from Major Jacob Morton of Cum- complacent Bishop of Oxford, commonly known as
berland County, who himself witnessed the Soapy Sam,' launched out in a rash speech, conspicu-
whole occurrence, it is emphatically denied that
ous for its ignorant misstatements, and highly seasoned
with appeals to the prejudices of the audience, upon
anything worthy to be called profanity was in-
whose lack of intelligence the speaker relied. Near
dulged in on that occasion. Major Morton's bim sat Huxley, already eminent as a man of science,
reported account of the event is too good to and known to look favorably upon Darwinism, but more
mutilate by imperfect quotation. He says:
or less youthful withal, oniy five-and-thirty, so that the
bishop anticipated sport in badgering him. At the
“I will tell you how it was. Our troops were march.
close of his speech he suddenly turned upon Huxley and
ing rapidly, expecting soon to be engaged with the
begged to be informed if the learned gentleman was
British; the day was very hot, the road beavy with sand,
really willing to be regarded as the descendant of a
our men fatigued by the march. I was then a sergeant
monkey. Eager self-confidence had blinded the bishop
in my company and had frequently to face about in
to the tactical blunder in thus coarsely inviting a retort.
order to keep my platoon aligned on the march, - my.
Huxley was instantly upon his feet with a speech de-
self walking backwards. While doing so, I saw General
molishing the bishop's card-house of mistakes ; and at
Washington coming from the rear of our column, riding
the close he observed that since a question of personal
very rapidly along the right flank of the column; and
preference had been very improperly brought into the
as he came nearer, my attention was fixed upon him
discussion of scientific theory, he felt free to confess
with wonder and astonishment, for he was evidently
that if the alternatives were descent, on the one hand,
under strong emotion and excitement. I never saw
from a respectable monkey, or on the other from a
such a countenance before. It was like a thunder.cloud
bishop of the English Church who could stoop to such
before the flash of lightning. Just as he reached the
misrepresentations and sophisms as the audience bad
flank of ny platoon he reined up his horse a little, and
lately listened to, he should declare in favor of the
raising his right band high above his head, he cried out
monkey!"
with a loud voice, My God! General Lee, what are
you about ?' Until that moment I had not known that The author bastens to add that this surely can-
General Lee was near ; but on turning my head a little not have been what Huxley said or how he said
to the left (still stepping backward on the march) I it. But from the fact that he was loudly ap-
found that General Lee had ridden from the head of
our column along our right flank and was only a few plauded, and that in the ensuing excitement
yards distant, in front of General Washington. In
one lady fainted and had to be carried out, it is
answer to General Washington's excited exclamation, safe to infer that the scientist gave the church-
• My God ! General Lee, what are you about ?' General man a Roland for his Oliver. However, to the
Lee began to make some explanation ; but General
credit of our human nature be it added, the
Washington impatiently interrupted bim, and with his
hand still raised high above his head, waving it angrily,
bishop carried away no bitterness from this en-
exclaimed, 'Go to the rear, sir,' spurred his horse, and counter, but was ever afterward most courteous
rode rapidly forward. The whole thing occurred as to his castigator.
quickly as I can tell it to you."
The title-page of the first volume bears
The second volume embraces themes of va- the favorite motto of the tireless student and
ried interest. The Reminiscences of Huxley" worker, the same that he had inscribed over the
show the author in his most genial mood. Of hearth in his library,— the moukish injunction,
Spencer, too, and Tyndall he gives us pleasant “Study as if for Life Eternal, live prepared to
recollections. “ Herbert Spencer's Service to die tomorrow.” On opening the second vol-
6


1902.)
389
THE DIAL
-
grave!
a
been no English
imprint until 1900, and then sold
a
ume, we find another equally apt quotation, Four different sizes of the type are used, for
this time from Goethe, — “If thou wouldst
“ If thou wouldst text, notes, and indices; but the utmost sym-
press into the infinite, go out to all parts of the metry prevails among them, and there is a total
finite." The occurrence of some absurd mis- absence of the Morris mannerisms of the Gol-
prints is doubtless attributable to the lack of an den type, of jammed lines and close spacing.
author's care in proof-revision. For instance, Mr. De Vinne has produced a letter-press that
our old friend Elijah Pogram appears trans- is at once beautiful to look at, and restful to
mogrified as Elijah Pagram ; and on page 17 read.
of Vol. II. we are informed that “the Italians Surely if any book ever deserved to be
have a pithy proverb, Si non e vero e ben, brought out in sumptuous style, it is Il Cor.
trovato, which defies literal translation into tegiano. Apart from the trecentisti, it is
English.” It does indeed. But heaven for- a question whether any book of any Italian
give us for thus making a scholar turn in his writer has been printed more times, or en-
PERCY F. BICKNELL.
joyed a more enduring popularity, than “ The
Courtier.” Mr. Opdycke's edition is the
fourth English translation, and the one hun.
dred and forty-fourth impression of this cele-
THE BOOK OF THE COURTIER.*
brated book. It contains a list of former
editions, which is a valuable and complete bib-
It is curious that from the time of the third liography as far as it is now known; but it is
impression (1742) of the third English trans-
worth while to note that the list does not in-
lation of Il Cortegiano, there should have clude a second Spanish translation, mentioned
by Giuseppe Rigutini in his Florentine edition
three new editions within a twelvemonth. Sir
(1889), nor a possible Russian translation re-
Thomas Hoby's Elizabethan translation, ap-
ferred to by Lodovico Corio (Milan edition,
propriately edited by Walter Raleigh, and the
1890). First printed in 1528, Il Cortegiano
Essex House edition of the same, with woodcut began its world career with the translation of
ornaments by Mr. C. R. Ashbee, came out in
the Spanish poet, Boscán; translations into
1900. This last is an artistic piece of work, French, German, Latin and English rapidly
but it is surpassed by “ The Book of the
followed, and of the one hundred and three
Courtier,” translated anew into English by editions that appeared before the death of
Mr. Leonard Eckstein Opdycke, and superbly Queen Elizabeth, forty-six, or almost one-half,
printed by the De Vinne Press. Beyond doubt,
were in foreign languages, - a truly remark-
Mr. Opdycke's beautiful book is the most not- able showing
able event of the last year in American book-
Mr. Opdycke's translation takes rank at
making. Bound in full vellum, and stamped
once beside the first one, and that is high
in gold with the seal of Castiglione specially praise, for the Elizabethan translation, made
designed for the front cover by Mr. Kenyon in 1561, remains to this day a most readable
Cox, and containing seventy-one portraits of
and interesting book. Sir Thomas Hoby, the
Renaissance personages printed in tone by Mr.
first English translator, was an “ Italianated'
Edward Bierstadt, the book is a delight to the Englishman, a little later than the Earl of Sur-
eye. The printing, too, is worthy of its beau-
rey and Sir Thomas Wyatt, and a little earlier
tiful setting ; type, ink, paper, and impression than Sir Philip Sidney, who best of English-
being carefully adapted to produce the most
harmonious effect. It is of interest to compare
men embodied the ideal of “ The Courtier.”
He was, Roger Ascham says, “ very expert in
the typography of the De Vinne Press in this knowledge of divers tongues," he had been an
book with the Golden type invented by William Italian traveller, and he died Elizabeth's am-
Morris, and used by him for the first time in
bassador to France.
printing “ The Story of the Glittering Plain.”
In Hoby's time the translator was not con-
The De Vinne type, “old-style antique,” is not fronted with Mr. Opdycke's problem, how best
new, but it is rarely seen as here, printed on
to render an old classic. The Elizabethans had
pure cotton-rag paper, soft in texture and color.
a vigorous English, just rising into conscious-
* THE BOOK OF THE COURTIER. By Count Baldesar ness, and they were blessed with unlimited
Castiglione. Translated from the Italian and annotated by confidence in themselves. These conditions,
Leonard Eckstein Oudycke. With seventy-one portraits
and fifteen autographs reproduced by Edward Bierstadt.
added to great intellectual curiosity and much
New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
sympathy, result in a picturesque directness of


390
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
>
touch which is a common characteristic of the at the close of his Dedicatory Letter to the
Elizabethan translators from the Italian. Mr. Bishop of Viseu shows.
Opdycke meets the difficulty of a changed point “ And if my censors be not satisfied with the com-
of view and expanded English most cleverly.
mon verdict of opinion, let them rest content with that
of time, which in the end reveals the hidden defects of
His translation of Castiglione's Italian is clear,
everything, and being father of truth and judge without
fluent, and graceful; not archaic English, nor
passion, ever passes on men's writings just sentence of
yet the English of the market-place. It has life or death."
a certain reserve, a certain stateliness, befit-
If one were asked wherein consists the per-
ting the book and the subject. We miss in fection of Il Cortegiano, the answer might be,
the nineteenth-century English the homely that it is one of those books, not too numerous
strength of such phrases of Sir Thomas Hoby's in any age or language, in which the style suits
as “ to slepe in a whole skynne," “ pecke of the subject
. It is a large subject, a subject of
troubles," " not a farthynge left to blesse him-
“
infinite variety, — the education of a gentle.
a
selfe” [with], but Mr. Opdycke's very modern
man, treated in a broad, philosophical, em-
“stand to win” (p. 101) for venire del fare is inently human way. Somewhat also of the
accurate almost to intuition. Perfectly correct, unique excellence of Il Cortegiano results
but not so good, is “foresight [la prudenzia) from the fact that it is the work of a life, prac-
which consists in a certain judgment in choos- tically the “sole heir of the author's invention.”
ing well ” (p. 258), and “whoever knows how
Whatever Castiglione had known and expe-
to command is always obeyed” (p. 265). The rienced and thought and felt, he set down,
Elizabethan English packs the thought here. refined and philosophized, in his book. Ac-
“Wisdome,” says Hoby, “ consisteth in a cer- cording to his own statement, the book was just
tain judgment to choose well,” while “ He that twenty years in the making; it came to the light
can commaunde is alwayes obeyed ”is fairly im- at last a few months only before his death.
perative. By a curious oversight, Mr. Opdycke Baldassare Castiglione was a man of noble
has omitted to mention anywhere the original birth; he had been a soldier, winning his spurs
Italian text from which he translated. But his in the defeat of his family, the Gonzaghe, by
notes show it to have been the scholarly edition the Great Captain, at Garigliano; he was a
of Vittorio Cian (Florence, 1894), with an oc- distinguished diplomat, one of the earliest ex-
casional reading from other texts, notably that amples of the diplomatist as man of letters ;
of the very correctly printed Aldine folio of
he had travelled widely and knew the best
1545. One of these Aldine accuracies removes
people everywhere. When he died, as Apos.
a stumbling-block from the pathway of most of
tolic Nuncio of Pope Clement VII. to Charles
the Italian editors; it is “ una licentia Brac. V., the Emperor is reported to have said, “ I
ciesca,” in the lively scene at the close of the tell you one of the finest gentlemen in the
second evening's conversation, when “at a sig-world is dead.” The interlocutors of the four
nal from my lady Duchess, many of the ladies evenings' conversations were all included in
rose to their feet, and all ran laughing towards the circle of the author's friends and acquaint-
my lord Gaspar, as if to shower blows upon ances, and all of them were personages. Nor
him.” Braccesque leave is leave with blows,
are they brought together fortuitously, for the
from the name of a violent soldier, Braccio
purposes of the dialogue. Castiglione had
Forte bracci.
actually known them at the little Court of
“ The best book that ever was written upon Urbino," either as fellow-members of that
good breeding, Il Cortegiano, by Castiglione, courtly society, or as guests of the Duke and
grew up at the little Court of Urbino, and you Duchess of Urbino. Their names read like
should read it," says Dr. Johnson to Boswell. a roll of honor of the late Italian Renaissance :
It is neither here nor there that Dr. Johnson Giuliano de' Medici, called the Magnifico, son
had probably never read Il Cortegiano him- of Lorenzo de' Medici and brother to Pope
self, for it is not a book on good breeding, Leo X.; Ottaviano Fregoso, Doge of Genoa;
not a courtesy-book at all. With this correc- Count Lodovico of Canossa; Cardinals Bembo
tion, the dictum holds good. Il Cortegiano is and Bibbiena; Giovan Cristoforo Romano ;
absolutely the best book on manners that has the author's kinswoman, Elizabetta Gonzaga,
ever been written. The Italians of the Renais- Duchess of Urbino; and the witty Lady Emilia
sance boldly aimed at perfection; and that Cas-Pia, Countess of Montefeltro, and descendant
;
tiglione himself felt that in all human sort he of the poet Boiardo.
had attained it in his book, the noble sentence As a record of manners, Il Cortegiano may


1902.]
391
THE DIAL
open his mouth when he began to speak Italian, er
be said to sum up the Renaissance, at the same of all knowledge.” Il Cortegiano is but the
time that it anticipates the best ideals of mod. best of a series of similar books on social ethics
ern times. As is well known, it is a mixed whose one purpose was to promote friendly re-
type of manners that Castiglione describes, in lations between men and women, for the better-
that the education of letters of the Renaissance ment of both. If women were to converse with
is engrafted upon the military discipline of men as equals, it followed logically that they
feudal times. The Courtier is chivalric, learned, must be as well educated as men. The conclu-
gentle, æsthetic. Castiglione's classical train- sion of the conversation on the Court lady, in
ing, his wide experience, his philosophical bent, which all agree, is that she deserved well to be
together with an almost perfect openness of esteemed the Courtier's equal. It is admitted
mind, perhaps the finest trait of the Italians of that she has a right to exist for herself. Nature
the Renaissance, combine to give his book a made her a woman, with powers to be devel-
character that is at once universal and curiously oped, a mind to cultivate, and work in the
modern. Il Cortegiano is full of wise thoughts, world to do, which, by the grace of God, may
-“fine things said unintentionally," as Keats or may not be tütt' ces' e fiö (all church and
said of Shakespeare's sonnets. “ War is bad children). All this sounds very modern. But
in itself” has been most vigorously said by one Castiglione came just at the end of the Middle
of the greatest soldiers of our own time. “I Ages, and some of his men friends were still
have known very few men of merit who did devoted to that singular idea of domestic hap-
not love and honor women.” Mr. Howells tells piness which locked the wife in with her dul-
us that when he went to call on Lowell, shortly ness, while the husband went abroad “ for to
before undertaking the Venetian
consulate
, the se
see, and eke for to be seen,” as the rebellious
poet gave him two charges in parting, “ to Wife of Bath puts it. The mediæval and mod-
ern strike sharp on each other in the discus-
and to think well of women. He said our race sion of love. When the Magnifico expresses
spoke its own tongue with its teeth shut, and the opinion that love is proper for unmarried
so failed to master the languages that wanted women only, Messer Federico Fregoso thinks
freer utterance, As to women, he said there him "austere," while Roberto da Bari jeers at
were unworthy ones, but a good woman was the "rusticity" of wives loving their own hus-
the best thing in the world, and a man was bands. The women that Castiglione knew, and
always the better for honoring women." knew well, were Vittoria Colonna, Emilia Pia,
Nowhere is the modernity of Il Cortegiano Eleonora of Aragon, Duchess of Ferrara, and
more striking than in Castiglione's conception their set. Friendship on equal terms with
of the power and range and beneficence of the women like these, all as able as they were bril.
womanly influence in the world. The Court liant, must have shaped his ideas of women,
lady is the subject of the third evening's con- the most liberal that is to be found in any
versation, conducted by the Magnifico as the literature before Shakespeare's women. Mr.
avowed defender of woman. He fashions her Opdycke, who is everywhere a sympathetic
|
so liberally, imagining such a bright, sweet, translator, describes Eleonora of Aragon as a
brave creature, possessing “the knowledge of woman of “rare merit, manly courage, and en-
all things in the world,” “ together with the lightened culture.” She was the mother of two
virtues that so seldom times are seen in men,” daughters, Beatrice d’Este, Duchess of Milan,
that one of the gentlemen wonders why he will at whose Court Castiglione was educated ; and
not have women to rule cities, to make laws of Isabella d'Este, Marchioness of Mantua,
,
and to lead armies, while men stand spinning perhaps the most interesting woman of the Re-
in the kitchen. The Magnifico replies, smiling, naissance.
Perhaps this too were not amiss. Do you Isabella d'Este's portrait, after Titian, is the
not know that Plato, who indeed was not very most brilliant of the many beautiful pictures
friendly to women, giveth them the overseeing which enrich Mr. Opdycke's translation of
of cities?” The literary form of Il Cortegiano, Il Cortegiano. It is a veritable triumph of
the social dialogue, in which women take part process printing, but Mr. Bierstadt surpasses
on equal terms with men, is a natural develop- even this in his frontispiece print of the Louvre
ment of the ideas of the Renaissance on the portrait of Castiglione, by Raphael. The tech-
position of women. It is conversation as a fine nique of this print is well nigh perfect, com-
art. “Conversation,” says Guazzo, in La Civil bining as it does the accuracy and clearness
Conversatione, " is the beginning and the end of a good photograph, with the brilliance and
66
66


392
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
>
a
softness of tone of a mezzotint. A striking But the end is not quite yet, however, for the
portrait, opposite page 149, from the National greatest of all wood engravers has not yet laid
Gallery of Buda-Pesth, is that which for years down his tools. Mr. Timothy Cole's series of
bas passed as a portrait, by Raphael, of the wood engravings after the old masters of paint-
Ferrarese poet, Antonio Tebaldeo, but which ing may without exaggeration be said to repre-
Morelli and Berenson agree in identifying as sent the crowning achievement of the art. This
a portrait of Raphael himself by Sebastiano is high praise, but not more than is deserved.
Luciani del Piombo.” It represents a hand- Professor John C. Van Dyke does not put it
some young man, of twenty-six or twenty-seven too strongly when he says that the series i can-
years, nobly serious in look, and richly dressed not be regarded as other than monumental.”
in black. It is the most masculine portrait of The high standard set in the “Old Italian
Raphael.
Masters ” and “Old Dutch and Flemish Mas-
It is impossible to close a review of Mr. Op-ters
ters” is fully maintained in Mr. Cole's new
dycke’s book without saying that the best of it collection of eight and forty examples of the
is neither the quality of his translation nor its Old English Masters.” In cutting the blocks
“
exquisite setting, but just the spirit of it all. for these, Mr. Cole was constantly occupied for
Surely it is not insignificant that here and now nearly seven years. Many of the plates have
a graduate of Harvard should have produced a appeared in the “Century Magazine,” but in
book like this, a book that addresses itself not their present form they gain much from heavier
to the commercial sense, not to ideas of civic paper and more careful printing.
duty or moral enthusiasm, not even to instruc- In the technique of his craft Mr. Cole is ab.
tion or entertainment. Mr. Opdycke asks us solutely unsurpassed. His method is in strict
to contemplate higher social ideals; his appeal accordance with the best traditions of the art.
is to the charm and grace of life.
Always and everywhere he uses the pure white
MARY AUGUSTA SCOTT. line and stipple around which such animated
controversies have arisen between advocates of
different styles of engraving. How wide, how
almost infinitely varied, are the possibilities of
THE GREATEST OF WOOD-ENGRAVERS.* this white line, is nowhere better shown than in
That engraving on wood seems likely to be-
Mr. Cole's masterly use of it. In his bands it
come, like line engraving on steel, almost a becomes vibrant, instinct with life; yet firm,
lost art, is but the natural consequence of the clear, and restful. As in all craftsmanship of
invention and perfecting of the various pro-
the highest order, there is here no trace of in-
cesses of photo-mechanical reproduction. There decision. The bandling is free, strong, and di-
are many reasons why this should be so. It is rect, but without any trace of hardness. It is
not only that the mechanical processes are both
this combination of strength with softness and
actually and relatively cheap. The gain in lit delicacy, of breadth, dignity, and subtlety, that
eral fidelity is indisputable; there is no tedious
reveals in Mr. Cole not the mere translator of
waiting for the tardy engraver; there is no in other men's work, but the artist of consummate
trusion of his personality into the result. These ability. Yet as a translator and interpreter of
considerations are commercially effective, and
the individual qualities of the painters whose
of more weight with both publishers and public
works he has reproduced he has also achieved
than realization of the shortcomings of the pro-
a high degree of success. It is difficult to
cess print. The blurring of some qualities and
say whether, in such an example as the “De-
over-accentuation of others in the mechanical
tail from Hogarth's Marriage à la Mode," we
reproduction, the inevitable omission of that in- should most admire the exquisite nicety with
tangible vivifying something, which, for want which the quality of the painting, the char.
of a better name, may be called the soul of the
acter and expression of the several figures,
work, is commonly overlooked. And with the
And with the and, in particular, the atmosphere
improvement of photography by which more
veloppe — of the original have been placed
accurate rendering of tone values is secured,
before us, or the wonderful technique by which
there is much reason to fear that the day of the
this result is accomplished. The achievement
wood engraver is almost at an end.
is the more remarkable when the narrow range
of the tone values in this picture are taken into
*Old English Masters. Engraved by Timothy Cole.
With historical notes by John C. Van Dyke; and comments
consideration. A live or a dot misplaced, made
by the engraver. New York: The Century Co.
a hair's breadth too large, or taken in the wrong
>
the en-


1902.]
393
THE DIAL
;
10 .
direction, would have been fatal to the result. bold a manner as I could command, because I wanted
The direction in which the lines made by the
each line to print up as fat and full as possible, as I felt
shall run is, indeed, one of the most
by this means I might arrive at something analogous to
graver
the rich and unctuous coloring characteristic of the
important questions which the engraver has to original. Much that was in the original bad, of course,
decide. It is true that it is largely determined to be sacrificed - all its surface, in fact, and a new sur-
by the perspective of the planes in which the face substituted (which however, happens in all engrav-
surfaces lie. But that is not all that needs to
ing). Whole legions of details are ruthlessly swept
away, and characteristic lines and stipples sought out
be taken into account. Some of the things that
or invented to supply their places. Thus, for instance,
have to be considered, and how skilfully Mr. the foreground of the • Hay Wain’ is composed of
Cole has met the varied problems presented, pebbles and stones ; but in the small reduction of the
may be seen by noting the different ways in engraving these came down so minute it would have
which he has treated the faces in the portraits
necessitated such microscopic work that printing would
have been impossible, and the larger fact of the vigor
reproduced. How essentially unlike in cbar-
of effect and color could not have been secured. So it
acter are the rhythmic and sinuous lines with was throughout the picture. And thus it is with all art :
which he has placed before us the lovely face sacrifice is the rule. Constable perceived this, and did
of the “ Parson's Daughter” by Romney, and
not therefore paint the skin but the spirit of nature."
the white lines crossing each other so as to
It is not alone for Mr. Cole's engravings
leave little rectangular dots at the intersections, that this volume of “Old English Masters ” is
which he has employed in the engraving (one noteworthy. The notes on his work that the
of the finest in the series) of Sir Henry Rae- engraver contributes are of great value, and
burn's portrait of Mrs. Scott Moncrieff ! How Professor Van Dyke's essays on the several
different also is his treatment of the faces in the painters represented are charming in their
engravings after Reynolds’s portrait of Lord lucidity, and strikingly just in their apprecia-
Heathfield, Hopner's portrait of William Pitt,
tions and criticisms. In fact, whether the book
and Raeburn's presentation of the massive fea be considered as a collection of superb engrav-
tures of Lord Newton! Equally worthy of ings valuable either for their intrinsic merit as
study are the lines adopted to render the tex. such or as representative of the best paintings
tures of the different fabrics depicted, and the
by the best English artists from about 1750 to
consummate skill with which both quality of 1850, or as a review of English art during that
surface and tonal truth have been secured.
period, it would be difficult to commend it more
A detailed description of all the engravings highly than it deserves. All worthy also is
in the volume, or even of the more important
the enlightened encouragement which has made
among them, could hardly be profitable for
this noble series of engravings possible. If the
readers not having the book in hand. Mention
art of wood engraving is to be kept out of the
must, however, be made of the superb render-category of the things that were, it is to the
ing of Gainsborough’s portrait of the Honor-publishers of Mr. Cole's work that most of the
able Mrs. Grabam. When the richness of its
credit belongs. FREDERICK W. GOOKIN.
textures, the mellowness of its tones, the
luminous quality of the high lights, more espe-
cially in the face and hands, the velvety soft-
ness of the blacks, the subtle gradations, and
A NEW HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN
the life and spirit which pervade it, are con-
PEOPLE.*
sidered, the hopeless inadequacy of even the President Woodrow Wilson's “ History of
most successful photographic reproduction be- the American People” is in many ways like
comes apparent by comparison.
an expanded and illustrated five-volume edition
The limitations of the wood engraver's art, of Professor Goldwin Smith's « Tbe United
even in the hands of one so accomplished as States.” Such a statement refers, of course,
Mr. Cole, are best seen in his landscape and in no particular to subject matter, but rather
marine subjects, though such masterpieces as to method of treatment; the author's plan, ap-
the engravings after Constable's “ Hampstead parently, having been not to enter into details
Heath” and Cotman's “ Fishing Boats off regarding the occurrences in the western world
Yarmouth” may seem to negative this conclu- between 1492 and 1900, discussing each one in
sion. Some of the difficulties to be surmounted chronological sequence, but rather to attempt
are indicated in the note which Mr. Cole con-
A HistoRY OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE. By Woodrow
tributes to his engravings after Constable.
Wilson. In five volumes. Illustrated. New York: Harper
“I engraved the picture of the · Hay Wain' in as & Brothers.
>


394
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
to give a correct interpretation of important them might well have been omitted, since the
events, to give a judicial estimate of the rela- American people do not care to perpetuate the
tive value of particular topics, to declare the memory of features or names of those who as-
real influence of leaders of life, considering the sassinate presidents. It is unfortunate that the
four centuries as a part of the world's history. title “Cumberland Gap near Wheeling Vir-
If such a purpose on the part of the author ginia” should be used in one case (III, 241),
be fairly assumed — there is no preface indi- an error closely associated with a statement
cating any plan and the volumes must speak (III, 245) that the national road was built
for themselves -- then it is safe to say that through the Cumberland Gap to the Ohio,
—
this History will be much better appreciated when long usage has attached that geographi-
by those who have read widely about American cal designation to an opening in the mountains
men and measures, who are more or less familiar a good ways south of Wheeling and the course
with details, and therefore are better equipped of the Cumberland road.
to enjoy a philosophical analysis and review, A second impression, and a strong one too,
than by those who will turn to it for first in- is that there is a lack of proportion in the His-
formation about America. In other words one tory. There are five volumes, averaging three
can not help feeling that the reader who is un- hundred and fifty pages, with 1689, 1781,
acquainted with the details of wars and presi- 1829, 1865, and 1900 as terminal points. Of
dential administrations, party problems and the eighteen hundred and forty-eight pages
personal prejudices, will find the History a eight hundred and nineteen are taken up with
disappointment, after the pleasure of examining the story of colonial times. One hundred and
the pictures is past.
six pages (fifty-six of text and fifty of pictures)
By the former class, on the other hand, the five are used to describe the Revolutionary War;
volumes will be studied with much satisfaction, while the Civil War is passed in fifty-four
giving as they do approved modern judgment pages, sixteen of these being given to illustra-
of the great questions and great men of Amer- tions. The Mexican War is finished in three
ican origin, the scholarly character of the pages. In the vista of years the operations
author lending weight to his carefully-worded of the Ku Klux Klan in Reconstruction times
sentences. The last portion, covering the years surely will not seem of commanding impor-
from 1865 to 1900, will not be accepted by tance, and yet they are accorded three and a
every reader with the same grace accorded the
the amount of text space taken
earlier narration ; but even sharp differences to discuss the Jay Treaty of 1794, Burr's Con-
of opinion regarding estimates of measures and spiracy, Decatur's achievements in the Medi-
men of our own time, will not prevent general terranean, and the Missouri Compromise, all
recognition of the success of the author's at- together. The Louisiana Purchase is described
tempt to review the work of the four centuries in fewer words than is Bryan's free silver
in judicial language and lofty tone.
campaign. The Trent affair, and the military
The most striking first impression from an movement culminating at Gettysburg in what
examination of the work is that the illustra. has been called one of the world's decisive
tions are remarkable, both for variety and un- battles, are each given half a page, while the
varying excellence. They embrace represent disturbance created by Sitting Bull commands
ative selections from almost every possible as much space as these two together. And yet
source. There are pictures of persons, con-
it must be said, that while the average reader
temporary prints, idealized scenes. There are will notice the scant treatment accorded certain
facsimiles of documents and signatures, repro- events in their chronological sequence, the one
ductions of the title-pages of famous books who forgets details and seeks the philosophical
and pamphlets, or of rare campaign posters analysis of history, the logical relationship of
,
and tickets. There are views of the homes of cause and effect, will find elsewhere in some
many leaders, and pictures showing the prog- chapter of summary review the points omitted
ress of invention. There are excellent maps in their natural order.
and interesting plans, all these making a great The earlier part of the narration seems most
collection of nearly eight hundred illustrations, matured. There is a charm of style which is
scattered unevenly throughout the volumes irresistible, the illustrations are very helpful,
and combining to give powerful aid to the nar- and it is doubtful whether there exists another
ration. Some of the pictures are far out of so interesting account of the “swarming of the
relationship to the immediate text, and two of English ” and the gradual approach of these
half pages,
>


1902.)
395
THE DIAL
If
English to the Revolution of 1776. The later manent mementoes of a personal regime.
part discusses topics of our own times upon only Jackson had been scored unmercifully for
which the minds of men are yet divided. The the results of his career, the account would be
four million eight hundred thousand voters perfect, but even now one seems to hesitate to
who favored Mr. Blaine in 1884 will hardly be blame him for actions which in any other man
satisfied with the treatment accorded him as would lead to severest criticism.
compared with that of the one who, although Many other portions of the History might
elected, was credited with but sixty-two thou- be mentioned in particular, -Jackson's view
sand more of the popular vote. The almost of the court, his view of the constitution, the
constant condemnation of the Republican party explanation of his attitude toward South Car-
of a whole generation, and the evident leaning olina, the discussion of the effect of slavery
toward the Democratic policies and leaders, upon the South, the splendid chapter reviewing
notably Mr. Cleveland, will not be relished by the Southern Confederacy, - but enough has
others, even by those who will accept as prob- been said. Here are five volumes by a clear-
ably correct the judgments on Reconstruction headed student of American affairs which are
measures of the Republican radicals. It is ex- suggestive and interesting, filled with striking
tremely difficult to be absolutely unbiased upon sentences, and convincing in their thoughtful
those themes associated with the actions and declarations. They make a notable addition to
motives of men now living; and yet whatever that variety of the literature of American his-
the reader's personal view may be, the pages tory already rich in the contributions of writers
devoted to later American history will be found like McMaster and Fiske and Rhodes.
extremely interesting and suggestive.
FRANCIS WAYLAND SHEPARDSON.
In all likelihood the chapters which deal
with the Jacksonian period will be considered
the best of all. The dominating presence of
masterful men is felt, and one catches the spirit THE LATEST CRITIC OF BROWNING'S
of the times from the flowing sentences whose
POETRY,*
graceful words paint speaking portraits. Some-
Browning has been the chosen theme of lit-
thing of the charm of the style is shown in this
erary critics for more than a decade, and
characterization of Daniel Webster:
already a bibliography upon the subject covers
“Mr. Hayne's sentences rode high, upon rhetoric that scores of pages. No volume has presented a
sought often an adventurous flight ; Mr. Webster used
more comprehensive or more exhaustive study
words as if he meant only to clarify and strengthen the
thoughts he touched and cared nothing for cadence
of the poet and artist than the recent series of
or ornament. And yet he spread them in ranks so
essays by Mr. Stopford A. Brooke, published
fair that they caught and held the eye like a pageant. in their totality as “The Poetry of Robert
Beauty came upon them as they moved as if out of the
Browning." Uniform in binding and form
mere passion of the thought rather than by the design
with Mr. Brooke's earlier volume on “ Tenny-
of the orator. And he himself gave to the eye, as he
stood, in his own person the same image of clean-cut
son, his Art and Relation to Modern Life,”
strength, beautiful only by reason of its perfect action,
this later analytic study contains many com-
so square was he, massive, and indomitable, and with a parative illustrations from the methods and
head and face whose mass, whose calm breadth above
works of the two great Victorian poets. In the
the deep-set slumbrous eyes, seemed the fittest possible opening chapter of fifty pages, the salient re-
throne for the powers he displayed."
semblances and diverse traits of Tennyson and
But the beauty of the imagery does not give Browning are carefully summarized. If one
strength to the account of the Jacksonian era;
finds here, in the main, reiteration of former
it is rather the apparent justness of the judg. scattered comparisons, tribute is merited for
ments. Taking a dozen topics of the middle
the potent emphasis of similitude and differ-
period and examining the treatment of each,
With logical force, Mr. Brooke has
the reader feels that the decision of history in
outlined the growth of criticism, of analytic
the light of modern criticism is here rightly method, of impressionist effects, of historical
recorded. The story of the reign of King and religious research, — factors largely re-
Andrew is splendidly told ; the difference be sponsible for the wide-spread study of Brown-
tween the democracy of Jefferson and that of ing's poetry after years of neglect. Within his
Jackson is clearly set forth; the certain catas-
* TAE POETRY OF ROBERT BROWNING. By Stopford A.
trophe is strikingly described ; and the survi-
Brooke, M.A. With portrait. New York: Thomas Y.
vals of the wreck are plainly marked for per- Crowell & Co.
:
ence.


396
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
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>
strange, intense poems, Mr. Brooke finds mir- they thought they had, and we must pardon
rored the discords and the eventual harmony them for trying their hand.”
of latter-day intellectualism.
The poems of Browning which treat of love
“ These complex and intercleaving conditions of are divided into personal, - those sacred to
thought and passion into which society had grown the memory of his wife, like “ One Word
Browning represented from almost the beginning of More ” and “ Prospice," — and impersonal, ex-
his work. When society became conscious of them
there it found him. And, amazed, it said, · Here is a
ampled in “ Love among the Ruins," “ Con-
man who forty years ago lived in the midst of our fessions," and their associates. Despite the
present life and wrote about it.' They saw the wild, subtle and complex soul-problems in Brown.
loud complexity of their world expressed in his verse ; ing's most typical work, Mr. Brooke bas culled
and yet more dimly conscious, to their consolation, that
passages of simple, tender emotions, of joyance,
he was aware of a central peace where the noise was
quieted and the tangle unravelled.”
sportiveness, pity, of romantic passions as well
as the more intense impulses of lust, hatred,
Ascribing to Tennyson the greater lauda-
and revenge. Browning's women form a vivid
tion as pure artist, because of his simpler hu- gallery of varied personalities. The chapters
man sentiments and his more pellucid form,
entitled “Womanhood in Browning” abound
Browning represents to the critic that broad,
in keen, strong characterizations. In the au-
non-partisan vision, both in background and
motive, which appeals to modern thought. Browning made, Balaustion is the crown. So
thor's judgment, — “ Among the women whom
With detailed analysis and illustration Mr.
Brooke considers the chronological develop-in our daily life. And she also fills the histori-
vivid is her presentation that she seems with us
ment of Browning's essential qualities as poet.
cal imagination." This exaltation of Balaustion
His « Treatment of Nature is contrasted with
above Pompilia, Colombe, and Guendolen, the
the imaginative methods of Tennyson, Words-
wonted heroines of Browning's poetry, is ear-
worth, and Byron. Three periods characterize
his relation to Nature as poetic material,
nestly argued in the critic's idealizing insight
and his delight in her Grecian womanhood.
the earlier works wherein Nature and hu-
manity were interwoven ; the poems following of examination, the later chapters survey
Preserving to the end the chronological method
“The Ring and the Book,” where absorption Browning's last poems, his firm grasp on the
in human problems largely eliminated Nature.
noblest ideals of life, his broad, unbiassed trend.
communion ; and the later partial return to
If there are occasional lapses in form, and an
primal inspiration from the correlated love for
excess of minor illustration, the concluding sum-
Nature and mankind, as in the swan-song,
mary of Browning's traits as a poet cannot be
" Asolando."
surpassed in insight and vigor.
Browning’g" Theory of Human Life” follows
“Creative and therefore joyful, receptive and there-
as sequence from the earlier chapters. From
fore thoughtful, at one with humanity and therefore
« Pauline and “Paracelsus” to “ Abt Vog-loving ; aspiring to God and believing in God, and
ler” and “Pisgah-Sights” are embodied the therefore steeped to the tips in radiant Hope ; at one
same dauntless creed : life is for service; lim-
with the past, passionate with the present, and possess-
itations and failures are only gradations in
ing by faith an endless and glorious future, — this was
a life lived on the top of the wave, and moving with its
attainment; aspiration is divine.
motion from youth to manhood, from manhood to old
“And what is that I hunger for but God?"
ANNIE RUSSELL MARBLE.
Sordello” is considered, its obscurity con-
ceded, its motive and analogies studied. A
WHEN the first volume of the revised edition of
chapter of luminous analysis is devoted to “The
Ring and the Book,” which is allotted “the
“Chambers’s Cyclopædia of English Literature" (Lip-
pincott) was published we reviewed the work at some
central place in Browning's development as a length. The second volume now at hand, and cov-
poet.” In a general survey of the dramas, both
a
ers, roughly speaking, the eighteenth century. We say
as intellectual masterpieces and dramaturgic roughly, because the volume begins with Locke, New-
failures, from “Strafford” to “ Colombe's
ton, the Burnets, and others whom we commonly think
of as writers of the seventeenth century, and includes at
Birthday,” the critic is just in estimate and
the other end a number of people who lived and worked
comparison. Tennyson, no less than Browning, on into the thirties and forties of the nineteenth cen-
aspired and failed in this phase of art. tury. The general introduction to the volume is the
“Neither Tennyson nor Browning had dra-
work of Mr. Austin Dobson, and there are special es-
matic genius, – that is, the power to conceive,
says in considerable number by Messrs. Saintsbury,
Patrick, Douglas, and Wallace. The work occupies
build, coördinate, and finish a drama. But
over eight hundred double-columned pages.
>)
>
age.”


1902.]
397
THE DIAL
I.
a
his record from contemporary sources as many and
HOLIDAY PUBLICATIONS.
as diverse as possible. Madame de Pompadour is
always the central figure of the chronicle, but Louis
That the life of Madame de Pompadour was and his ministers, the queen, Maria Theresa, Fred-
worth writing may be a question, but that Mr. H. erick of Prussia, and a host of others, stand out
Noel Williams has written it exceedingly well is in- vividly from the background. Mechanically, the
disputably a fact. Likewise he has almost silenced volume is one of the most beautiful of the season,
criticism upon his choice of a subject by showing being printed on the best of paper, with wide mar-
that, if Madame de Pompadour was the mistress of gins, and illustrated with sixteen superb photo-
Louis XV., she was also mistress of France, quite gravures from portraits of the royal family, the
as clever as she was beautiful, ambitious for many Pompadour herself, her allies, and her rivals. (Im-
things besides the smiles of her royal lover, and at ported by Scribner.)
her worst excusable as the pitiful result of a de- “ Every part of Scotland is Scott-land”
says
Mr.
bauched and degrading environment. The book W. S. Crockett in his preface to “ The Scott Coun-
opens with an account of the scandalous plot of try” (Macmillan); but he adds that the Border
Louis' courtiers to enliven the dully virtuous life of the vale of the Tweed — is par excellence the home-
the puppet king by implanting in him a taste for land of “the Mighty Minstrel.” To show that the
wine, cards, and mésalliances. Then follow, by way Border made Scott what he was, as truly as Scott
of introduction to the account of Madame de Pom- made the romance of the Border a power in litera-
padour's own brilliant career, short sketches of the ture, to weave the legend of the one into the life
troubled reigns of the frivolous court beauties who of him who interpreted that legend in his own
preceded her. But it was no grande dame who was matchless fashion and who loved the Border scenery
to hold the destinies of France and Europe in the only less than he did its historic and poetic asso-
hollow of her hand; instead a petite bourgeoise ciations, is the delightful task Mr. Crockett un-
with a loud-voiced, drunken father, and a shameless dertakes. Himselt Border-born and bred, and a
mother who, when Antoinette was nine years old, loving and thorough student of Scottish legend and
informed her that she was too pretty to be wasted literature, Mr. Crockett combines scholarly accuracy
on anyone but a king. Madame de Pompadour once and attention to detail with vivid appreciation of
described her life as “like that of a Christian, a Scott and the country that Scott loved. The lame
perpetual combat.” The obstacles to her becoming child's visit to his grandfather's farm, the boy's
the king's favorite seemed well nigh insurmount- school-life at Kelso, the sheriff's first Border home
able, but her wit and beauty triumphed over them. at Ashestiel, the Making of Abbotsford, Memories
Then, from the day of her installation at Versailles of Melrose and the Marmion country, — all these
until her death, it was war unending with "ambitious topics, and much besides, are dealt with compre-
ministers, envious women, and scheming Jesuits”; hensively but not diffusely, and in such a way as to
and all the while, if she would hold her place in the make the most of the geographical and biographical
fickle heart of the king, she must “remain fresh, interests involved. “The Scott Country” contains
beautiful, and light-hearted, as if she had not a care one hundred and sixty-two illustrations, made from
in the world beyond the shape of a coiffure or the fit sketches and photographs, and picturing all sorts of
of a gown." Madame de Pompadour, however, as- places that the untravelled reader longs to see and
pired to much more than a suite at Versailles. She the traveller loves to recall. It is a pity that the
wished to be, and she was, a great political power. very attractive cover design, a pattern in Scotch
“ She made and unmade ministers, she selected am- thistles, should be spoiled by the strikingly inhar-
bassadors, she appointed generals, she conferred pen- monious red background.
sions and places.” “It is to Madame de Pompadour To true lovers of Scott and of literary biography,
that we owe everything," said Kaunitz, the Austrian “ The Scott Country ” will serve merely as a de-
envoy, referring to the alliance with Maria Theresa; lightful introduction to a holiday edition, in five
and as the Austrian alliance meant France's entry volumes, of the classic Life of Scott by Lock-
into the Seven Years' War, the responsibility for hart. It is strange that this monumental biography,
all its ruinous disasters is, at least indirectly, to be second only to Boswell's Johnson, while it has often
charged to her account. But outside of politics her been reprinted since its original publication in 1837,
influence upon public affairs was undoubtedly benef- has never before been adequately edited. It has
icent. France rests her debtor for the porcelain been the aim of the present publishers (Houghton,
manufactory at Sèvres and in large measure for Mifflin & Co.) to fill in the “necessary silences” of
the Ecole Militaire, while French artists and men the biographer, himself so nearly a contemporary
of letters found in her a generous and discrim- of Sir Walter, from the material furnished by the
inating patron. It is this generally ignored phase memoirs, reminiscences, magazine articles, reviews,
of Madame de Pompadour's character and career and prefatory sketches, which, particularly within
that Mr. Williams wishes to bring into due prom- the last twenty years, have added so much to our
inence in his account of her life. He has sought
He has sought knowledge of Scott and of his friends and acquaint-
neither to excuse nor to condemn, but merely to
The editorial work of this edition has been
present her life in unbiassed portrayal, making up done by Miss Susan M. Francis, whose intimate
a
a
>
3)
ance.


398
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
knowledge of the Scott literature and painstaking artist chosen to emphasize Mr. Mabie's sense of the
use of its resources amply justify the confidence personality of nature, his quest for the mystic soul
placed in her. The integrity of the original work is behind the gorgeous trappings, which is perhaps
preserved by bracketing all the editorial notes and the key-note of his nature-study.
dating such of Lockhart's as were written for the A nature book of an absolutely different type is
1839 and 1845 issues and for the condensation Mr. William J. Long's “School of the Woods”
prepared by him in 1848. Constant use has been (Ginn & Co.). Mr. Long's interest is not, like Mr.
made of Mr. David Douglas's editions of Scott's Mabie's, in the moving principle behind the out-
journal and letters. Much of the annotation bears door world, nor in viewing nature as a reflection
upon associates of Scott, well known to Lockharts of himself; but in the wood and field-folk them-
>
!
contemporaries, but now faded from public con- selves, and in their lives as individuals. Mr. Long
sciousness; and a sketch of Lockhart's life stands is probably our foremost animal psychologist; and
before his preface. Quite as noteworthy as the his method and material are all his own. The make-
scholarly annotation are the excellence of the typog- up of his book suggests Mr. Seton-Thompson's work,
raphy, the fitness of the plain green binding, and and the quaint Indian names used for the animals
the beauty of the photogravures. One feels, also, a method of Rudyard Kipling. But these resem-
that justice has at last been done to the serious blances are superficial; Mr. Long enters the field
intention and happy achievement of Lockhart. In with ideas and methods of his own. One novel
these days of made-to-order biography, it is well to suggestion running through most of the stories, and
be reminded occasionally that the true biographer determining the title of the book, is that in animal
is born, not made, and that erudite industry over as in human life education is the great controlling
the records is a poor substitute for real acquaint force. Instinct, Mr. Long says, is like heredity:
ance with the man portrayed. This very complete, without training it amounts to nothing; and he
scholarly, and beautifully embellished revision of a supports his theory by showing how, to a careful
great model cannot but be warmly welcomed, espe- observer, “the summer wilderness is just one vast
cially by those seeking a gift-book of the more ster- school-house,” full of wild mothers teaching the
ling and substantial sort that always finds accept- secret of success in life to their little ones. Mr.
ance with readers of taste and culture.
Long is a keen observer, a clear expositor, and a
Among the wealth of new nature-studies, it is delightful story-teller, certain to please both the
well that the forerunner of them all in this country, children and their elders. The illustrations are by
Thoreau's “ Walden,” is not forgotten. Messrs. Mr. Charles Copeland, who has made, besides the
Houghton, Mifflin & Co., who in 1897 issued a full-page drawings, some two hundred marginal
two-volume holiday edition of the work, this year sketches, fascinating in themselves and aptly illos-
offer practically the same book, with only such trative of the text. The book makes a real addi-
changes as were necessary to bring it into a single tion to animal lore and literature,
volume. Lovers of Thoreau will find it hard to re- A new volume in the “ British Artists Series"
sist the charm of this sumptuous edition. The (Macmillan) is Lord Ronald Sutherland Gower's
book-making is perfect in every detail. The thirty account of “Sir Joshua Reynolds, his Life and
photogravures, made from photographs and printed Art.” Lord Gower's style is sometimes clumsy,
on Japanese vellum, are revelations of what soft- but his intimate knowledge of his subject and his
ness and beauty can be secured by that process. skilful choice of detail incline the reader to pardon
Without following the lines of the text, they illus- an occasional lapse into obscurity. He appreciates
trate all phases of Thoreau's life, his homes and Sir Joshua's towering humanity, as well as his
haunts, his friends and himself. The best, perhaps, matchless art; so that painter and layman alike
are a portrait of Alcott, one of Thoreau in 1855, can read his book with pleasure. To the biograph-
a view of the old Marlborough road, and the Wal- ical account are appended supplementary chapters
den pictures. No brief notice can do the book upon Sir Joshua's writings, the engravers of his
justice; it is that rare thing, a wholly satisfactory works, and important sales and exhibitions of his
edition of a favorite classic.
paintings. As is true of all the volumes of this
Those of Mr. Hamilton W. Mabie's readers who series, a chief feature of this volume is its profuse
remember with pleasure the illustrated edition of and beautiful illustrations. These consist of repro-
“ A Child of Nature,” will now welcome “ Under ductions of ninety of Sir Joshua's pictures, many of
the Trees ” (Dodd, Mead & Co.), with decorations them baving been photographed for the first time
by the same artist, Mr. Charles L. Hinton. Be- especially for Lord Gower's book. There are two
sides several full-page photogravures, there is a especially beautiful plates in photogravure. It is
series of twelve border designs, colored in delicate a pity that the proof-reader should have failed to
green and repeated through the pages of the book. note so obvious an error as that on page 10.
Mr. Hinton's conception of nature is Greek. From the same publishers (Macmillan) comes a
Nymphs and satyrs wander through the meadows second edition of Mr. Langton Douglas's “Fra
or rest by the brook-sides, shepherds pipe dreamily Angelico,” first issued in 1900. No apology is
under the trees, and frisky little Bacchantes gather needed for the re-publication of what is at once so
grapes for their banqueting. In this way has the scholarly and authoritative a criticism and so pre-


1902.]
399
THE DIAL
9
eminent an example of good book-making. That examples, the man among his fellows, as he ap-
Fra Angelico's familiar angels, celestial dolls,
“
pears to his friends and acquaintance, who have
flat as paper, stuck fast to their gold frames,". scant attention to bestow on him save only what
are not only unworthy of the homage paid them, the power of his personality and the measure of his
but are not even representative of Fra Angelico, achievements wrest from them. So, though Mr.
who “was primarily an artist, an artist who hap- Mackail's admirable biography of William Morris is
pened to be a saint,” is, in brief, Mr. Douglas's perhaps the final word upon the personal life of its
thesis. That his information is sound, his reasoning subject, there is a place also for Miss Elisabeth L.
cogent, and his presentation striking and attractive, Cary’s “ William Morris, Poet, Craftsman, Social-
is proved by the demand for another edition of the ist" (Putnam). This is the objective account of
monograph. With its many excellent reproductions the artist, tracing in general outline, no less vivid
of the painter's works, a complete index to his because less detailed, his busy, many-sided career.
paintings and drawings, and a bibliography, it The book is bound uniformly with the same author's
makes not only an attractive holiday book, but a previous volumes on Tennyson, Browning, and the
really valuable addition to art criticism.
Rossettis, and is profusely illustrated with photo-
Another painter to be honored this season with gravure portraits, and reproductions of wall paper
a sumptuously illustrated volume is Jean François and tapestry designs, of furniture and other pro-
Millet. His life was partly written by his dear ducts turned out by the firm of Morris & Co., and of
friend Alfred Sensier, after whose death it was Kelmscott types, press-marks, and specimen pages.
completed and published in 1881. This book is now Morris's various activities are treated in separate
out of print. The only English translation was chapters, but the unity in the remarkable diversity
much abridged ; and since it was made, more of of his interests is shown, and the steps in his de-
Millet's letters and many interesting personal velopment from craftsman to socialist made clear.
reminiscences of him have been published. In Mrs. Miss Cary's special fitness for the work she is do-
Julia Cartwright's new “Life and Letters of Mil- ing lies in her ability to select from among masses
let” (Macmillan) an effort has been made to utilize of detail what will best evoke a personality for the
all previous resources, and thus to give to English general reader. She never loses her sense of pro-
readers a complete and interesting biography of the portion nor fails in easy manipulation of her mater.
great peasant painter. Much of the story is told in ials. If she is least interesting when she writes of
Millet's own words, — in letters, or in recollections Morris the poet, perhaps that is only because poetry
written for Sensier’s use. The strong graphic style was Morris's least interesting mode of expression.
of his paintings also distinguishes Millet's writings ; The thirty-two reproductions of American mas-
80 that one feels the largely epistolary biography terpieces contained in the new illustrated edition
to be the right form here. The treatment is en- of Mr. Charles H. Caffin's “ American Masters of
tirely narrative, with the smallest possible amount Painting” (Doubleday) serve a two-fold purpose,
of art criticism. It is the spirit of the paintings, showing pictorially what our art has achieved in its
not their technique, that appeals to the author, - brief course and explicating Mr. Caffin's references
the humanity of the artist rather than his genius for those of bis readers who have no other means
with the brush. His gallant up-hill fight against of checking his estimates. Apart from the vital
the rigid classicism that debased and narrowed the interest of their subject matter, Mr. Caffin's essays
art of his time, his determination to starve rather are charming bits of criticism. His style is clear,
than be known as a “painter of naked women,” his concise, and direct, yet intensely suggestive, and
masterly idealization of the prosaic theme of dull, packed with allusions that indicate real mastership
grinding toil, — these are the things that seem to of the subject. His “appreciations" are not im-
his biographer best worth considering; and so, no pressionistic, but are firmly based upon keen analysis
doubt, would Millet have looked at the matter. of the distinctive qualities of each painter; and these
But while there is very little analysis of his art, qualities in turn are accounted for as the joint pro-
the story of its evolution, from the graceful little duct of the man and the artistic affinities he has found
pastels of nymphs and cherubs that would sell, to for himself in this country or, more often, abroad.
the unconventional peasants that would not, is told These essays, thirteen in number, are the first ade-
vividly and sympathetically. As biography, the quate attempt to set forth the present standing of
book is successful in that it evolves a personality; as American art, as it has been lifted by such men as
art history, its value is greatly enhanced by the Inness, Whistler, Sargent, Abbey, Tryon, Winslow
frontispiece portrait and the nine reproductions in Homer, and La Farge. The last essay in the vol-
photogravure of Millet's works.
ume is in the nature of a retrospect, having for its
There is open to every biographer a choice be- subject Gilbert Stuart, the first of “ American Mas-
tween the subjective and the objective empbasis. ters of Painting.”
The former may be nearer to "the thing-in-itself,” In two volumes, prettily bound in blue and gold
and will inevitably be more intimate, more minute, and boxed together, comes Miss Clara E. Laughlin's
and probably more exhaustive. But the objective “ Stories of Authors' Loves (Lippincoti). Inter-
presentation has also its value, showing briefly, ac- est in the love-affairs of literary men and women
curately, and sympathetically, as it does in its best is undeniable, at least among feminine readers, and,
66
9


400
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
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a
80 Miss Laughlin thinks, quite legitimate. For when she decided to court further novelty by mask-
have not they created our traditions and ideals of ing for a month as a house-servant. At this point
romance, and is not the desire natural which seeks her journal abruptly closes with the promise of a
to know how they realized these ideals ? Is not a later installment entitled “The Diary of a Parlour
“hoarded happiness a talent in a napkin," and a
,
Maid.” An odd mixture of naïveté and affectation,
failure a danger signal ? So Miss Laughlin justifies of vanity and sentimentality, of sprightly satire and
herself, though it is doubtful if she needs any justi- quiet humor, makes up the book. It is daintily
,
fication, since she is not exploiting new material but illustrated by a Japanese artist- or at least an
merely giving to the old a new emphasis. She tells artist with a Japanese name, who has drawn
her little romances pleasantly and sympathetically, "Miss Morning Glory" in all sorts of novel and
extenuating rather than sitting in judgment, aiming interesting situations. The cover, with its Japanese
. ,
for truth both to fact and spirit, making only rare design and its edging of yellow straw, is striking
lapses into anything approaching sentimentality. and appropriate.
The materials treated are drawn from sources as One of the most delightful holiday books of a
diverse as the lives of Dante, Dickens, and Thoreau, season or two ago was the edition of Mr. Kenneth
of Keats, Hawthorne, and George Eliot. Each ro- Grahame's “ The Golden Age,” with illustrations
mance is so related as to call up much else in the by Mr. Maxfield Parrish. A happier combination
author's career, and thus proportion is preserved. of author and illustrator could hardly have been bit
The portraits and views used as illustrations are upon, and Mr. Grahame's classic sketches of child.
well selected, and beautifully reproduced in photo- life took a new interest through Mr. Parrish's im-
gravure and duogravure.
aginative interpretations. Even more delightful is
Ten years ago, when Miss Alice M. Bacon brought the companion volume now issued containing the
out her book on “Japanese Girls and Women,” she same author's “ Dream Days” (John Lane). Here
touched upon a phase of life in the land of the Mr. Parrish's drawings are reproduced in photo-
chrysanthemum that had been wholly neglected by gravure, instead of the half-tone process used in the
previous writers. So thoroughly did she do her earlier book, and as a result we are able to view the
work that it has since stood almost without a rival; artist's work very nearly as it appears in the orig-
and the new illustrated edition of the book (Hough- inal, with all its minute refinement of detail and
ton), revised to fit the changed conditions of to-day, delicate contrasts of light and shade. In addition
needs no justification. The principal change in the to the ten photogravures in the text, Mr. Parrish
text is the addition of two chapters, one upon
house- has also drawn, in his own inimitable way, the title-
hold customs, the other a survey and analysis of the page, cover-design, tail-pieces, and end-papers for
astonishing progress made by the Japanese women the book. It is hardly necessary to speak here of
within the last ten years. But in every chapter Mr. Grahame's text His two books hold a place
there are revisions and additions, chronicling such apart in the literature of childhood, and we can
matters as the coming of the baby carriage, the de- well envy the reader who has yet to make their
cline of the etiquette lesson in the interest of higher acquaintance.
education - including gymnastics,- and the liter- Goldsmith's “The Deserted Village" has been
ary club, the opening to women of all sorts of new brought out by Messrs. Harper & Brothers in a
occupations, and their elevation by means of legisla. sumptuous holiday edition, with an introduction by
tion and in public opinion; hinting, in short, at the Mr. Austin Dobson, followed by Goldsmith's own
rapid modernizing and Westernizing of feminine quaint dedication to Sir Joshua Reynolds, and more
Japan. The illustrations made for this edition by than thirty full-page illustrations by Mr. Edwin A.
Keishu Takenouchi, one of the foremost illustrators Abbey. Mr. Dobson's introduction is a delicate and
of Japan, and including outline drawings and colored sympathetic analysis of the real and ideal elements
plates, are altogether charming. Being also, as Miss
in the poem, and is written in his happiest critical
Bacon assures us, absolutely true to the facts, they vein. Mr. Abbey's drawings, which are of course
serve to add vividness and reality to the text. The the feature of the edition, are imaginative, pictur-
dainty Japanese cover design lends a finishing touch esque, and charming in themselves, like all bis illus-
to a very attractive book.
trative work, and really interpretative of the text.
“ The American Diary of a Japanese Girl” They are filled with the same quiet beauty and
(Frederick A. Stokes Co.) is an amusing account, patbos, are lighted by the same stray gleams of
in journal form, of its author's six months' visit to humor, and marked by the same spirit of bygone
“Amerikey,” under the chaperonage of an indulgent days and rural scenes, that give “The Deserted
uncle. The work is sufficiently extravagant, and at Village” its peculiar flavor.
the same time sufficiently clever, to be either an The stories of about fifty “Historic Houses of
excellent American forgery or a genuine experience. New Jersey" are interestingly related by Mr. W.
In either case it is interesting. The author, who Jay Mills in a handsome volume published by the
styles herself “ Miss Morning Glory,” spent most J. B. Lippincott Co. This is a book that enthusi-
of her time in California, paying but a flying visit astic Colonial Dames and Sons and Daughters of
to Chicago, which she stigmatizes as the smoky the Revolution will gloat over, particularly if they
"City of Man," and barely reached New York be also song and daughters of New Jersey. Not
a


1902.)
401
THE DIAL
a
that the interest of the sketches is limited and lo- duces. Interesting as showing an unexpected phase
cal, for the landmarks of New Jersey are the land- of Max Müller's many-sided activity, illustrating,
marks of the nation. History, family tradition, too, in its style, the canon of unacademic simplicity
anecdote, gossip, letters, and local records, have all which he never tired of preaching to his pedantic
been ransacked to call up the brilliant past of the countrymen, but charming above all for its delicacy
little state and make it live before the reader. of sentiment, “ Memories" in its present artistic
Every effort has been put forth to secure accuracy
form will appeal to many holiday buyers.
and completeness, as well as vividness, in this new Miss Esther Singleton, whose compilations are
field of research ; and the result is a series of brief, valued by a large circle of readers, has this year
clear, and very significant accounts of the historic edited and arranged two more volumes, “ London"
associations and famous inbabitants of a few of New and “ Famous Paintings” (Dodd, Mead & Co.).
Jersey's old homes. About twenty photogravures The latter continues the work begun in “Great
from drawings, photographs, and rare old prints, Paintings Described by Great Writers." As before,
add materially to the interest of the book.
Miss Singleton has been careful to select only rec-
Mrs. Sarah K. Bolton's brief biographical ognized masterpieces, and to choose as commenta-
sketches of “ Famous Artists” (Crowell), first pub- tors competent and interesting critics who know
lished in 1890, is now re-issued in holiday form, how to interpret a picture broadly, so as to make
with a portrait of each painter and four or five ex. it speak for the artist's whole work. As a guide-
amples of his work. The author's point of view is book or a foundation for art-study at home, this
neither scientific nor critical. She aims merely to work will be found interesting and valuable. The
relate in compact form the main events of each volume on London is much on the plan of the pre-
artist's life in such a way as to emphasize bis lofty vious one on Paris, except that the selections, in-
purpose and noble achievements. Industry, reso- stead of dealing with special monuments, oftener
lution, ambition, enthusiasm, fidelity in all the record general impressions made by various parts
relations of life, are brought forward in each biog- of the great city. The subject is limited by the
raphy as the means by which poverty, jealous com- exclusion of articles on London of the past. The
peers, and unreasonable patrons were vanquished picturesqueness of the city, its immensity, the dig-
and success attained. The artists discussed are tinctive characteristics of the several districts, the
Michael Angelo, Da Vinci, Raphael, Titian, Mu- churches, clubs, and theatres, various types of Lon.
rillo, Rubens, Rembrandt, Reynolds, Landseer, and doners, and the charm of the London fog, are a few
Turner.
of the chief topics treated in charming essays by
Similar in scope to the foregoing book, and pub- such writers as Dickens, G. W. Steevens, Gautier,
lished by the same firm, is the two-volume work on Sir Walter Besant, and others. Both of Miss
“Famous Composers," by Mr. Nathan H. Dole. Singleton's books are profusely and beautifully
Like Mrs. Bolton's book, also, this work was first illustrated.
issued about ten years ago. The present edition is In the two handsome volumes entitled “ French
beautifully bound and contains a portrait of each Cathedrals and Chateaux" (Knight & Millet),
composer considered in the text, together with nu- Miss Clara Crawford Perkins combines a simple
merous other full-page illustrations. The biograph- account of the development of architectural styles
ical sketches, twenty in number, are complete, accu- in France with a guide to the great monuments of
rate, and entertaining. Though they will of course French architecture. About a third of the first
be found of greatest interest by music-lovers, they volume is occupied with a general treatment of the
are also adapted to the comprehension of the mere growth of the Gothic style, — including chapters
layman who wishes to know at least the main facts in on glass-staining, the art of tracery, and the
the lives of the world's great musicians. The list sculpture employed as accessory decoration,
of composers considered extends from Palestrina and with historical outlines and tables. These last
to Wagner.
are intended for use in connection with the numer-
Max Müller's charming and popular old-world ous references to names and events in the chapters
idyl called “Memories" is given an artistic setting that follow. Descriptions of some of the great
in the holiday edition issued this year by Messrs. French cathedrals, with attention to their historical
A. C. McClurg & Co. Besides a decorated initial associations as well as to the artistic qualities of
at the beginning of each chapter, there are eight
each, make
up
the remainder of Volume 1. Volume
full-page illustrations from charcoal drawings by II. begins with an explanatory chapter on Renais-
Miss Blanche Ostertag. These combine with the sance architecture, and, since that type found its
wide margins, beautiful typography, and unique best expression in secular and domestic buildings,
cover design, to make a book both quaint and dainty, goes on to describe some of the more notable pal-
as befits the classic little romance. The translation, aces and chateaux. Sixty-two half-tone engravings
which first appeared in 1888, is the work of Mr. add clearness and attractiveness to the descriptive
George P. Upton. He has caught quite as well portions of the text. The plan of the work will
as Miss Ostertag the quiet, contemplative spirit of commend itself to amateur students of architecture,
this "prose poem” and the graceful simplicity of who know how few manuals of architecture there
its language, which his English faithfully repro- are, at once simple, comprehensive, and trust-


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worthy; while travellers, dissatisfied with mere to be the first in an American series of works dealing
unrelated legends and isolated descriptions, will be with some of the distinctive and picturesque phases
glad to find so good a book for study and so pleas- of our native country life. The book is abundantly
ant a companion for their sight-seeing and their illustrated from the author's own photographs.
personal observations of the many interesting things The descriptive element, incidental but of un-
described in Miss Perkins's expository chapters. common interest, in Miss Ellen Glasgow's “ Voice
Mr. John Kelman's “ The Holy Land” (Mac- of the People," is emphasized in the new illustrated
millan) is a new evidence of the ever-increasing edition issued by Messrs. Doubleday, Page & Co.
interest in Palestine and its history. To be able A series of twenty-four pictures, from photographs
to vivify the meagre Gospel narrative of Christ's taken especially for this book, portray the sleepy
life, to paint in the “local color” and so impart old town of Kingsborough, where the action of the
the note of reality, the tang of a genuine experi story begins and ends, and Richmond, where Nicho-
ence to the apostolic story, is a vital need of mod. las Burr, its hero, spent his tragically ended term
ern Christianity, and one which few of us can as governor. “ The Voice of the People" is one of
journey to Palestine to satisfy. Among the vol. the few recent novels likely to have a lasting inter-
uminous literature intended to serve as a substitute est; and this edition, with its added suggestions of
for such a pilgrimage the distinction of the present local color and out-door charm, and its unusually
volume lies in the extraordinary beauty of its col- artistic cover, bright with the flame of the Virginia
ored plates, and in the excellent arrangement, in- creeper, is a well-merited tribute to the strong and
teresting detail, and completeness of the text. Mr. serious work of the author.
Kelman arranges his impressions of Palestine un- Out of Book I. of “Ben Hur,” which, it will be
der three divisions. Part I., • The Land,” is of remembered, tells the story of the Christ-child's
course largely descriptive. Its opening chapter, birth, Messrs. Harper & Brothers have made a
upon
the color of the country, is particularly happy beautiful little holiday volume. The illustrations
as serving to introduce Mr. Fulleylove's paintings, are brown toned plates from paintings by Murillo,
the most conspicuous feature of which is perhaps Raphael, Knaus, and Barabino; and there are, be-
their exquisite coloring. Part II., “ The Invaders," sides, tinted marginal drawings illustrating the
deals with the traces, material and spiritual, left text. General Wallace's special preface is very
upon Palestine by Israelitish, Roman, Christian, interesting, telling the story of the inception of
and Moslem occupations. Part III., entitled “The “Ben Hur," which, it seems, grew out of a chance
Spirit of Syria,” sets forth Mr. Kelman's impres- conversation with the late Robert G. Ingersoll.
sions of the spectre-haunted hopelessness, the par- Long before, however, the author's interest in the
alyzing superstition, and the stolid indifference to Wise Men of the East had led to the writing of a
disease and filth that characterize modern Palestine. brochure upon their journey to Bethlehem; and this
The book closes with the suggestion that not in the old manuscript, hitherto unpublished, was brought
Zionist movement but in the advance of Western forth to make the beginning of the longer story.
ideals and in the Christian missions is there hope of But the independent unity of the birth narrative
a resurrection for the Holy Land. Mr. Kelman is was not sacrificed, and it made possible the inde-
a careful observer and a lucid and often brilliant | pendent publication, in 1899, of the original bro-
writer; so that his work is quite worthy of being chure. The present richly illustrated edition, how- .
made the basis for Mr. Fulleylove's splendid paint- ever, is the one that General Wallace looked forward
ings. Altogether “ The Holy Land” is one of the to when he first recognized the literary possibilities
most attractive of the season's publications. of this most mystically beautiful of all the legends
Pleasant records of strolls “ Along French By- that cluster about the first Christmas day.
ways," "Among English Hedgerows," and through From Messrs. Thomas Nelson & Sons come three
“The Isle of the Shamrock,” have earned for Mr. volumes recently added to the “New Century Li-
Clifton Johnson a reputation as a delightful racon- brary.” They comprise “The Complete Poetical
teur and an expert photographer. His latest book, Works of Robert Burns,” “The Poetical Works of
“New England and Its Neighbors” (Macmillan), Alfred Tennyson " (containing the poems written
is similar in form, and in its emphasis upon the between 1830 and 1859), and “The Life and Ad-
rural aspects of the community's life, to the volumes ventures of Don Quixote.” The little volumes, four
that precede it. Many of the sketches have been by six inches in size and none of them an inch thick,
published before as magazine articles. Some have are printed in large type on the thinnest of India
an historic or literary interest — as, for example, paper, and daintily yet durably bound in cloth or
the chapters entitled “Midwinter in Valley Forge limp leather. Each volume contains a frontispiece
and “ The Home of Fenimore Cooper.” But this portrait, and the edition of Burns includes an "ap-
is incidental; the book is primarily a study of farm- preciation " of the poet by Lord Rosebery. For å
a
life among the Yankees and their New York holiday gift-book of moderate price, combining solid
neighbors, as such chapter-titles as 66 Down in worth of contents with beauty of outward form,
Maine," “ The Autumn Cattle Show," and " Life nothing better could be found than any one of these
on a Green Mountain Top" will suggest. From dainty pocket volumes.
Mr. Johnson's preface we learn that this volume is Since the intimate dieclosures of the Browning
>


1902.)
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covers.
I.
Letters of 1846, tending as they did to renew biog- flower-borders by Miss Margaret Armstrong, who
raphic interest in the poet-lovers, the lyrics of both also drew the unique cover design. It is one of the
writers seem fraught with a deeper and more bu. prettiest of the smaller holiday books of the season.
man charm. In particular do Mrs. Browning's To the “ Ariel Booklets,” Messrs. G. P. Putnam's
“Sonnets from the Portuguese” — the poetically Sons’series of diminutive classics, Dickens’s “Christ-
restrained portrayal of the passion that floods un. mas Carol ” is the most recent addition. There are
measured through the letters - compel fresh notice now fifty-seven volumes to be had in this pretty
of their exalted tenderness of feeling and their per- series, with their neat printing and limp red leather
fection of form. But while the sonnets themselves
“ A Christmas Carol” is profusely illus-
offer ample justification for a new edition, the trated by Mr. Frederick Simpson Coburn, and, like
distinctive feature of the dainty book just issued all the issues of the series, is one of the daintiest of
by Messrs. G. P. Putnam's Sons is the series of unpretentious gift-books.
exquisitely-colored illustrations, including borders “ The Mishaps of an Automobilist" (Stokes Co.)
and full-page drawings, by Miss Margaret Arm- is a book of comic drawings, in black-and-white and
strong. The color-printing is particularly good, and in colors, by Mr. DeWitt Clinton Falls, with explan-
the whole book is in keeping with the delicate spirit atory verses by Mr. Montrose J. Moses. Here the
of the poetry
amateur chauffeur will find the tragic accidents that
Miss Marie Corelli sends to her American friends beset bis mad career all drawn to the life, in most
and readers through Messrs. Dodd, Mead & Co. diverting fashion. The pictures are clever and
“A Christmas Greeting,” in the form of the old amusing ; some of the verses have a touch of real
time “annual” or gift book, whose mission, like humor; the green burlap cover is unique and attrac-
that of the Christmas card, was to convey the tive; and the book as a whole is calculated to pro-
compliments of the season, and whose appropriate vide the automobile enthusiast, his friends, and even
resting-place was rather the parlor table than the his enemies, with entertainment for a dull half-hour.
library shelf. Perhaps Miss Corelli deplores the
new connotation that the term “Holiday book” is
rapidly acquiring, and thinks we have not yet fully
emphasized the meaning of Christmas and of the
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG.
New Year. Or, possibly, in preparing her “Christ-
mas Greeting" she meant merely to utilize the odds
and ends of material on her writing table, and in-
Again this year there must be entered a general pro-
test against the lack of original literary quality in the
cidentally to show how versatile she could be when
books designed for the reading of those whose years are
she chose. In this last attempt she has certainly not yet ripe. To a peculiar degree these volumes justify
succeeded. Essays, sketches, stories (including the dictum of the late Walter Bagebot, to the effect that
some for children), poems, and even a piece of the writers of the day are of two classes : those who
music, are included in the contents of the volume, know how to write, but have nothing to say ; and those
a remarkable variety, certainly, to come with who have something to say, but do not know how to
apparent ease from one pen. All the subject-
write. As a partial offset, it must be said that there
matter has a Christmas flavor, but many of the
have never been so many books published with a real
distinctive ideas for whicb Miss Corelli stands are
claim to physical beauty. Few children's books now go
forth without illustrations ; indeed, those with pictures
touched upon in the sketches. Much of the verso
in color are growing as common as were those with any
is patriotic, and several articles deal with current
sort of decoration a generation ago. In print and bind-
affairs in England.
ing, also, and in general tastefulness of design, many
Three volumes have been added this year to the of the juveniles of the season deserve high praise.
dainty little “ Thumb-Nail Series" (Century Co.): Again this year there is noticeable a decrease over the
“ The Rivals,” with an introduction from Mr. Jef. last few years in the number of children's books dealing
ferson's Autobiography; "In Memoriam," with Mr. with war and bloodshed, even stories of the army and
Stedman's criticism from the - Victorian Poets" as a
navy having to do with those necessary evils in times of
peace rather than those of actual combat. Books of
preface; and the "Thoughts" of Pascal, translated
adventure show a slight increase in number ; those of
and edited by Mr. Benjamin E. Smith. The em-
travel in strange lands, a slight decrease, so far as the
bossed leather covers are wrought in beautiful
two can be differentiated. There are more books of
symbolic designs, and the little classics as a whole jingles, and seemingly more for the very young. There
are notable examples of suitable and delightful is noticeable, too, an increasing specialization in books
book-making.
addressed to those of various ages ; — where books were
The last completed story of the late Paul Leices-
broadly addressed to children as a whole not so long
ter Ford, “ Wanted A Chaperon," has been
ago, they are now designed for children within more de-
brought out in dainty holiday dress by Messrs.
finite limits as to age. And there is a marked increase
- surely a sign of the times in the number of writers
Dodd, Mead & Co. It is a clever little narrative,
who appeal to girls alone, from the nursery to young
in much the same style as “Wanted — A Match-
womanhood. Among these are several which trace a
maker," and, like the other story, it has been illus- girl's career through continuous years, a manner quite
trated in color by Mr. Christy and embellished with unknown among the books for boys. The lack of liter-
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erary merit which we have noted leads us to give the
place of honor in our list to a group of books that are
rewritings or compilations, or attractive new editions,
rather than to the original compositions of the year.
Children, as well as their elders, have for
Old favorites
some time been accustomed to look each
in nou form.
year for a book of fairy stories from Mr.
Andrew Lang. These volumes, it will be remembered,
have been designated by some color or shade of binding,
from which they have taken their name; so that we have
had one year a “Red Fairy Book," the next a “ Blue
Fairy Book," and so on. Whether it is that the tints
have run out, or the supply of fairy stories, or both,
this year Mr. Lang has given us “ The Book of Ro-
mance” (Longmans), which contains a number of the
legends of the Knights of the Round Table, and one or
two from the Sagas of the North. These are re-told in
Mr. Lang's attractive manner, and the volume is illus-
trated in color and in black-and-white by Mr. H. J.
Ford. - A worthy companion to this is the Rev. A. J.
Church's “Stories of Charlemagne and the Twelve Peers
of France, from the Old Romances” (Macmillan).
Here all the illustrations are in color, from the hand of
Mr. George Morrow; while the text does for the chan-
sons de geste what Mr. Lang has done for Sir Thomas
Malory.— Third in the group is another of Mr. Walter
Jerrold's volumes of the “ Annals of Fairyland” (Mac-
millan), specifically termed “The Reign of King Ober-
on.” In the face of the title, most of the contents are
taken from the folk-lore tales of the Brothers Grimm ;
but they lose nothing in re-telling. Mr. Charles Robinson
has made the pictures, in black-and-white with the ex-
ception of the frontispiece, which is in color; and he is
to be credited also with the cover design, also in color,
and really beautiful.–At last an edition of the most
popular and the greatest of all books bas been prepared
especially for the use of younger folk, and it is quite
likely that an apology is due for not placing at the head
of this paragraph a mention of “The Bible for Chil-
dren (Century Co.), which has been edited by Mrs.
Joseph B. Gilder (curiously enough, her name is omitted
from the title-page, which gives notice only of the in-
troduction by the Right Rev. Henry C. Potter and the
preface by the Rev. Francis Brown). The version of
King James has been used, everything which would lead
an inquisitive child to ask untoward questions omitted,
and the narrative pieced together in a skilful manner to
make a fairly continuous story. Both the Old and New
Testaments have been drawn on, but not the books known
to Protestants as Apocryphal, though these would have
done much toward filling the gap between Jonah and
the Annunciation. Twenty-four reproductions from the
old masters serve as illustrations, and the entire volume,
a fine quarto, is handsomely rubricated. Such a work,
80 performed, has long been much desired.-Mr. Peter
Newell's “ Alice in Wonderland” of last year is now
followed by his pictured edition of “Through the Look-
ing Glass" (Harper). A portrait of Mr. Newell serves
for frontispiece, and it is a pleasure to record the fact
that for once the genial face of the artist does not in
any way belie his work. This is all the better because
this work continually suggests the time-honored pictures
of Sir John Tenniel in the same behalf, with changes
which the younger folk, unquestionably the best judges,
will decide are for the better.- New editions of Miss
Alcott's “An Old-Fashioned Girl” and “Little Women”
have been made (Little, Brown & Co.), the former illus-
trated by Miss Jessie Willcox Smith, and the latter by
Mrs. Alice Barber Stephens. Here again there will be
some regret among the elders at losing the quaint Ten-
tonic outline sketches which decorated these books for
80 many years; but sound artistic judgment must favor
the more modern treatment, which will commend these
favorite books to new readers as well as old.- Mr.
William Wallace Denslow has made a series of designs
for Clement C. Moore's “ The Night before Christmas"
(Dillingham), every page in multicolor and the text
lettered in. By shaving the upper lip of the good St.
Nicholas, Mr. Denslow has made him as American as
if he had taken out naturalization papers, and droll be-
yond easy description. It is a pleasure to record the
steady advance in the de