llan Co.)
The Adventures of a Freshman, by Jesse Lynch Williams,
illus., $1.25 - The Fugitive, by John R. Spears, illus.,
$1.50.- The Land of the Long Night, by Paul B.DuChaillu,
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New books by G. A. Henty: A Roving Commission, Won
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Songs of Childhood, words by Eugene Field, music by
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music by various composers ; new and cheaper editions,
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Old Father Gander. rhymes and pictures for young people,
by Walter Scott Howard, illus. in colors, $2.- The Crock
of Gold, a new book of fairy tales, by S. Baring Gould,
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A Child's History of Spain, by Leonard Williams, with
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The True Story of Lafayette, the Friend of America, by
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illus., $1.50. (Lothrop Publishing Co.)
Of Such is the Kingdom, stories and rhymes for children. by
Clara Vawter, illus. by Will Vawter, $1.25.-Young Folks'
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the Middle Ages, by Elizabeth J. Cuttin, each illus., 75 cts.
- Century Series of Readings, Recitations, and Dialogues,
5 vols., each 60 cts. (Bowen-Merrill Co.)


250
(Oct. 1,
THE DIAL
Historic Americans, by Elbridge S. Brooks, illus., $1.50.-
Helps for Ambitious Boys, by William Drysdale, illus.,
$1.50.- Robinson Crusoe, by Daniel De Foe, new edition
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illus., 60 cts.-Christmas at Deacon Hackett's, by James
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50 cts. (T. Y. Crowell & Co.)
The Island Impossible, by Harriet Morgan, illus., $1.50.-
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Max and Maurice, by Wilhelm Busch, new editions, each
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Sleepy-Time Stories, by Mand B. Booth (Mrs. Ballington
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(M. F. Mansfield & A. Wessels.)
Remember the Maine, by Gordon Stables, illus., $1.25.-
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A Sweet Little Maid, by Amy E. Blanchard, illus., $1.
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elist, and teacher, with numerous examples of his work,
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etc., $1. (Cassell & Co.)
Dorsey, the Young Inventor, by Edward S. Ellis, illus., $1.25.
(Fords, Howard, & Hulbert.)
Adventures in Wallypugland, by G. E. Farrow, illus. by
Alan Wright, $1.75. (New Amsterdam Book Co.)
Two Chums, by Minerva Thorpe, $1. (Laird & Lee.)
Kipling Boy Stories, illus., $1. (Rand, McNally & Co.)
Fairy Tales from Far Japan, trans. by Miss Susan Ballard,
with prefactory note by Mrs. Isabella L. Bishop, illus.
75 cts.- The Bishop's Shadow, by Mrs. I. T. Thurston,
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unto God, by Nellie Hellis, 35 cts. - Three Times Three,
by Mrs. G. R. Alden (“. Pansy''), illus., 50 cts.- Nine-
teen Centuries of Missions, a handbook for young people,
by Mrs. W. W. Scudder, with Introduction by Rev. F. E.
Clark, D.D., 50 cts. (F. H. Revell Co.)
A Pair of Pickles, by Evelyn E. Green, illus., 75 cts.- The
Bordertown Story Tellers, by Hezekiah Butterworth,
illus., $1.25.- Frank Hardinge, by Gordon Stables, M.D.,
illus., $1.50 – Gerald and Dolly, by D'Esterre, illus.,
$1.- In the Year of Waterloo, by O. V. Caine, illus.,
$1 50.- Little Miss Conceit, by Ellinor Davenport Adams,
illus., 75 cts.- The Triangle, by Lena Tomlinson, illus.,
$1. (A. I. Bradley & Co.)
The Captain of the Cadets, by Mrs. I. T. Thurston, illus.,
$1.25.- Professor Pin, by Mrs. Frank Lee, illus., $1.25.-
Sunny Hour Series, by Mrs. Anna F. B. Bryant, 6 vols.,
illus., $1.50. (The Pilgrim Press )
Passion and Patience, by Janie P. Duggan.-Hilltop Farm,
by Sophie B. Titterington. (Am. Baptist Publication
Society.)
Character and Conduct, talks to young people, by George M.
Steele, D.D., $1. (Curts & Jennings.)
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
October, 1899.
African Big Game in the 16th Century. Pall Mall.
Alexander's Death. B. I. Wheeler. Century.
American Language, The. William Archer. Pall Mall.
Army-Supply Departments in the Philippines. Rev. of Revs.
Cairo. Frederic C. Penfield. Century.
Chinese Daily Life. Joseph K. Goodrich. Forum.
Currency Reform, Present Outlook for. C. G. Dawes. Forum.
Democracy, our, The Flaw in. J. N. Larned. Atlantic,
Dewey, Admiral. Theodore Roosevelt. McClure.
Dewey as National Hero. Rear-Admiral Sampson. Century,
Dewey, Homeward Bound with. J. L. Stickney. McClure.
Drew, Mrs. John, Autobiographical Sketch of. Scribner.
Dreyfus, Alfred. W. T. Stead. Review of Reviews.
Dreyfus Trial, The. G. W. Steevens. McClure.
Education, Secondary, Recent Changes in.C.W.Eliot. Atlantic
Elections of 1199. Julius C. Burrows. Forum.
England, The Road to. T. W. Higginson. Atlantic,


1899.]
251
THE DIAL
Studies of Great Authors. In 4 vols., comprising : Philoso-
phers and Scientists, Novelists, Poets. Historians and
Essayists. By various writers. 16mo.“ Warner Classics."
Doubleday & McClure Co. $2.
Aucassin and Nicolette: A MS. Song-Story of the Twelfth
Century. Rendered into modern French by Alexander
Bida; trans. into English verse and prose by A. Rodney
Macdonough. Illus., 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 82. Fords,
Howard, & Hulbert. $1.
Stories of Great National Songs. By Colonel Nicholas
Smith. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 238. Milwaukee: The
Young Churchman Co. $1. net.
Four-Year Period, Passing of. George Hempl. Forum.
Franklin as Politician and Diplomatist. P. L. Ford. Century.
Germany, Civil Code of. Rudolph Sohm. Forum.
Insects of Autumn. Belle S. Cragin. Lippincott.
Japan, Commercial. Oscar P. Austin. Forum.
Labor Legislation in France. W. B. Scaife. Forum.
Language as Interpreter of Life. B. I. Wheeler. Atlantic.
Light, Letting in the. Jacob A. Riis. Atlantic.
Liquid Air. Stephen H. Emmeng. Forum.
Louisiana Expansion in its World Aspect. Atlantic.
Mark Twain, Samuel E. Moffett. McClure.
Meredith, George, Novels of. Paul E. More. Atlantic.
Morley, John. Century.
National Export Exposition, The. Review of Reviews.
* National Guard” Problem, The. J. H. Parker. Forum.
New York, Water-Front of. Jesse L. Williams. Scribner.
Nicaragua, Our Diplomatic Relations with. Rev. of Reviews.
Oliphant, Mrs., Autobiography of. H. W. Preston. Atlantic,
Oregon's" Great Voyage. E. W. Eberle. Century.
Pacific Coast, Literature of. C. H. Shinn. Forum.
Paris Congress of History of Religions. T. Stanton. Forum.
Paris, Literary Landmarks of. Frederick Lees. Pall Mall.
Peace Society, The, and What it has Accomplished.Pall Mall.
Peking, Streets of. Eliza R. Scidmore. Century.
Pioneer Boyhood, A. J. B. Pond. Century.
Prosperity, The New Era of. T. L. James. Rev. of Reviews.
Rennes, Am. Cartoonist at. Homer Davenport. Rev.of Revs.
Roman Chorus, A. M. R. Sanford. Century.
Russia, England, and the U.S. A. Maurice Low. Forum.
Scottish Sport and Autumn House Parties. incott.
Social Progress and Race Degeneration. F. A. Fetter. Forum.
Sunday Question, The. F. W. Farrar. Forum.
Sydney, The City of. Charles Short. Pall Mall.
Telephotography. Dwight E. Elmendorf. Scribner.
Transvaal, Relation of England to. J.G. Whiteley. Forum.
Tripoli, Decatur's Fight at. George Gibbs. Lippincott.
Trusts, The Chicago Conference on. Review of Reviews.
United States and Rome. H. D. Sedgwick, Jr. Atlantic.
Vaudeville Theatre, The. E. M. Royle. Scribner.
Von Bunsen's Recollections. John Bigelow. Century.
White of Selborne, Home of. Mrs. John Lane. Lippincott.
Yacht, The Modern Racing. Ray S. Baker. McClure.
Zionism. I. Zangwill. Lippincott.
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
Life of General Nathan Bedford Forrest. By John Allan
Wyeth, M.D. Illus., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 656.
Harper & Brothers. ' $4.
Robespierre and the Red Terror. By Dr. Jan Ten Brink;
trans, from the Dutch by J. Hedeman. Illus., 8vo, uncut,
pp. 405. J. B. Lippincott Co. $3.50.
Sarah Bernhardt. By Jules Huret; with Preface by
Edmond Rostand ; trans, from the French by G. A. Ra-
per. Illus., 8vo, pp. 192. J. B. Lippincott Co. $2.50.
Pope Leo XIII.: His Life and Work. By Julien de Narfon ;
trans. from the French by G. A. Raper. Illus., 8vo, pp.
237. J. B. Lippincott Co. $2.
Claude Bernard. By Michael Foster, 12mo, pp. 245. “Mas-
ters of Medicine.” Longmans, Green, & Co.* $1.25.
Desiderius Erasmus, of Rotterdam, By Ephraim Emerton,
Ph.D. Illus., 12mo, pp. 469. Heroes of the Reforma-
tion." G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50.
HISTORY.
The Heart of Asia: A History of Russia Turkestan and the
Central Asian Khanates from the Earliest Times. By
Francis Henry Skrine and Edward Denison Ross, Ph.D.
Illus., 8vo, uncut, pp. 444. J. B. Lippincott Co. $3.50.
The Redemption of Africa: A Story of Civilization. By
Frederic Perry Noble. In 2 vols., illus., 8vo. F. H.
Revell Co. $4.
The Peasants War in Germany, 1525-1526. By E. Belfort
Bax. With map, 8vo, uncut, pp. 367. Macmillan Co. $2.
State Trials, Political and Social. Selected and edited by
H. L. Stephen. In 2 vols., with photogravure portraits,
16mo, gilt tops, uncut. Macmillan Co. $2.
Toledo: The Story of an Old Spanish Capital. By Hannah
Lynch ; illus. by Helen M. James. 16mo, gilt top, uncut,
"Mediæval Towns." Macmillan Co. $1.50.
Pocket History of the American Navy and Naval
Commanders. Compiled and arranged by Cromwell
Childe. With portraits, pp. 95. Bonnell, Silver & Co. 250.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
Faïence Library. New vols.: An Attic Philosopher, by
Emile Souvestre, with Preface by W. P. Trent; Barrack-
Room Ballads, by Rudyard Kipling, with biographical
sketch by N. H. Dole; The Blithedale Romance, by
Nathaniel Hawthorne, with Introduction by Andrew J.
George ; Cyrano de Bergerac, by Edmond Rostand, trans.
by Helen B. Dole, with Introduction by W. P. Trent;
Early Poems, by R. W. Emerson, with Introduction by
A. J. George ; English Traits, by R. W. Emerson, with
Introduction by A. J. George ; Early Poems, by Oliver
Wendell Holmes; My Uncle and My Curé, by Jean de la
Brète, trans. by James W. Clarkson; The Snow Image,
and Other Twice Told Tales, by Nathaniel Hawthorne,
with Introduction by Richard Burton ; Prue and I, by
George William Curtis, with Introduction by M. A. De
Wolfe Howe; Walden, by H. D. Thoreau, with Intro-
duction by Charles G. D. Roberts. Each with photogravure
frontispiece and other illustrations, 16mo, gilt top. T. Y.
Crowell & Co. Per vol., 75 cts.
Middlemarch: A Study in Provincial Life. By George
Eliot; illus. in photogravure, etc., by Alice Barber
Stephens. In 2 vols., 12mo, gilt tops. T. Y. Crowell &
Co. $2.50.
Copley Series. First vols.: The Abbé Constantin, by
Ludovic Halévy; The House of the Seven Gables, by
Nathaniel Hawthorne; Barrack-Room Ballads, by Rud-
yard Kipling; Cranford, by Mrs. Gaskell ; Evangeline,
by H.W. Longfellow; Prue and I, by George William Cur-
tis; Hiawatha, by H. W. Longfellow; Lucile, by Owen
Meredith. Each illus. in colors, 12mo, gilt top, uncut.
T. Y. Crowell & Co. Per vol., $1.
pp. 311.
LIST OF NEW Books.
[The following list, containing 184 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
GENERAL LITERATURE.
Passages from the Diaries of Mrs. Philip Lybbe Powys,
of Hardwick House, Oxon, A. D. 1756 to 1808. Edited by
Emily J. Climenson. With photogravure portrait, large
8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 399. Longmans, Green, & Co. $5.
The Romancers (“Les Romanesques”): A Comedy. By
Edmond Rostand; authorized translation by Mary Hendee.
24mo, pp. 175. Doubleday & McClure Co. 50 cts. net.
The Authority of Criticism, and Other Essays. By William
P. Trent. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 291. Charles Scrib-
ner's Sons. $1.50.
Essays in Modernity: Criticisms and Dialogues. By Francis
Adams. 12mo, uncut, pp. 253. John Lane. $1.50.
Search-Light Letters. By Robert Grant. 12mo, pp. 234.
Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
The Art of Living. By Robert Grant. New edition; 12mo,
pp. 318. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
A Further Study of the Othello: Have We Misunderstood
Shakespeare's Moor? By Welker Given. 12mo, uncut,
pp. 337. New York: The Shakespeare Press.
Kiplingiana: Biographical and Bibliographical Notes anent
Rudyard Kipling. Illus., 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 192.
M. F. Mansfield & A. Wessels. $1.25.
The Mirror of Perfection: Being the Oldest Life of the
Blessed Francis of Assisi by his Beloved Disciple Brother
Leo. Trans. by Sebastien Evans from the Latin original
recently discovered by Paul Sabatier. With frontispiece,
18mo, uncut, pp. 232, L. C. Page & Co. 75 cts.


252
(Oct. 1,
THE DIAL
Works of Rudyard Kipling, “Outward Bound” edition.
Vol. XIII., The Day's Work, Part I. Illus., 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 310. Charles Scribner's Sons. (Sold only by
subscription.)
The Works of Shakespeare, "Eversley" edition. Edited
by C. H. Herford, Litt. D. Vols. VI. and VII. Each
12mo, uncut. Macmillan Co. Per vol., $1.50.
Temple Classics. Edited by Israel Gollancz, M.A. New
vols.: Life and Death of Thomas Wolsey, by George
Cavendish; Sonnets of Wordsworth; Plutarch's Lives,
Englished by Sir Thomas North, Vols. 7 and 8; The Hes-
perides, by Robert Herrick, in 2 vols.; Thoughts of Divines
and Philosophers, selected by Basil Montagu ; A Senti-
mental Journey, by Laurence Sterne. Each with photo-
gravure frontispiece, 24mo, gilt top, uncut. Macmillan Co.
Per vol., 50 cts.
The Diary of a Superfluous Man, and Other Stories.
By Ivan Turgenev; trang. from the Russian by Constance
Garnett. 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 326. Macmillan Co.
$1.25.
Little Masterpieces. Edited by Bliss Perry. New vols. :
Thackeray, Lamb, and De Quincey. Each with portrait,
24mo, gilt top, uncut. Doubleday & McClure Co. Per
vol., 30 cts.
Poems of Arthur Hugh Clough. With Memoir. "Standard
Library” edition, gilt top, $1.; "Gilt Edge" edition, $1.;
“Gladstone” edition, gilt top, 75 cts.; " Astor" edition,
60 cts. Each with portrait, 12mo, pp. 396. T. Y. Crowell
& Co.
Langland's Vision of Piers the Plowman. Done into
modern prose, and edited, by Kate M. Warren. Second
edition, revised and corrected ; 12mo, pp. 143. Mac-
millan Co.
Cassell's National Library New Series). New vols.:
Scott's Marmion, Lessing's Nathan the Wise, Bacon's
Essays, Pope's Essay on Man and other poems, and Marco
Polo's Voyages and Travels. Each 32mo. Cassell & Co.,
Ltd. Per vol., paper, 10 cts.
BOOKS OF VERSE.
Deluscar's Merris, and Other Poems. By Horace Deluscar.
8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 275. London: Gay & Bird.
Obeyd, the Camel Driver, By Isaac Bassett Choate.
12mo, gilt top, pp. 114. New York: Home Journal Print.
FICTION.
The Lion and the Unicorn: By Richard Harding Davis.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 204. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.25.
Ione March, a Woman of Fortune. By S. R. Crockett.
Illas., 12mo. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
The Strange Story of Hester Wynne, Told by Herself,
with a Prologue. By G. Colmore. 12mo, pp. 331. D.
Appleton & Co. $1.; paper, 50 cts.
A Mountain Europa. By John Fox, Jr. With photogravure
portrait, 12mo, uncut, pp. 192. Harper & Brothers. $1.25.
A Drama in Sunsbine. By Horace Annesley Vachell.
12mo, pp. 347. Macmillan Co. $1.50.
Manders: A Tale of Paris. By Elwyn Barron. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 329. L. C. Page & Co. $1.50.
When Rogues Fall Out: A Romance of Old London. By
Joseph Hatton. 12mo, pp. 319. J. B. Lippincott Co.
$1.25.
The Powers at Play. By Bliss Perry. 12mo, pp. 286.
Charles Scribner's Song. $1.25.
A Name to Conjure With. By John Strange Winter. 12mo,
pp. 317. J. B. Lippincott Co. $1.25.
The White Mail. By Cy Warman. 16mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 197. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.25.
Drives and Puts: A Book of Golf Stories. By Walter Camp
and Lilian Brooks. With frontispiece, 16mo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 243. L. C. Page & Co. $1.25.
Dead Men Tell No Tales. By E. W. Hornung. 16mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 276. Charles Scribner's Song. $1.25.
Bearers of the Burden: Being Stories of Land and Sea. By
Major W. P. Drury. 12mo, pp. 286. G. P. Putnam's
Sons. $1.
Mr. Passingham: An Episode in his Life. By Thomas
Cobb. 12mo, uncut, pp. 220. John Lane. $1.
Sand and Cactus. By Wolcott Le Clear Beard. 12mo,
pp. 337. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1 50.
Lady Blanche's Salon: A Story of Some Souls. By Lloyd
Brice. 12mo, pp. 229. F. Tennyson Neely. $1.
Lady Barbarity: A Romance. By J. C. Snaith. 12mo,
pp. 332. D. Appleton & Co. $1.; paper, 50 cts.
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1899.)
263
THE DIAL
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264
[Oct. 16, 1899.
THE DIAL
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A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
PAGR
THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of THE NEW PATRIOTIC IMPULSE.
each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, 82.00 a year in advance, postage
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year, about the rekindling of American patriot-
current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or
ism that has resulted from the war with Spain
postal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO CLUBS and
and its sequelo. We are once more a united
for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application;
and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING Rates furnished people, and we stand together in the defence of
on application. All communications should be addressed to
the national honor, and new glories have been
THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. won for the American flag, and we have taken
our proper place among the great powers, and
No. 320. OCT. 16, 1899. Vol. XXVII.
our manifest destiny has again declared itself
in the impressive deeds by which the triumph of
our arms has been accomplished. The changes
have been rung upon all the familiar phrases
CONTENTS.
of political oratory, gold and pinch beck alike,
and flamboyant boastings from every quarter
of the land have convinced men only too wil.
THE NEW PATRIOTIC IMPULSE
265
ling to be persuaded that our feet were indeed
THE STUDY OF ENGLISH IN GERMANY.
planted upon “glory-crowned heights." The
E. Antrim
emotions to which explosive vent has been given
268
are, no doubt, sincere enough to deserve a cer-
MEMOIRS OF AN AMERICAN CITIZEN. E. G. J. 269 tain measure of respect, even from those who
know how bollow in reality the most resonant
AN ORIGINAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR. Edward
phrases may be, and how recklessly the political
A. Allen.
272
rhetorician will indulge in sentiments to which
the whole tenor of his career gives the lie. But
LATE CONTRIBUTIONS TO EDUCATIONAL LIT.
thinking men have never been content, in
ERATURE. B. A. Hinsdale
275
America or elsewhere, to accept at their face
James's Talks to Teachers on Psychology.-- Ladd's
Essays on the Higher Education. - Boyer's Princi-
value the counters of the politician. As was
ples and Methods of Teaching.-- Salmon's The Art recently said in “ The Nation," " in the case of
of Teaching.-Josephine Jarvis's Froebel's Education such men, the proposed sentiments of human-
by Development. — Susan E. Blow's Letters to a
ity and morality really count for nothing at all.
Mother on Froebel's Philosophy. - Dutton's Social
They regard them merely as mouth-filling
Phases of Education. — Dexter's Psychology in the
School Room. – Rector's Montaigne's Education of
phrases, which sound well and please their con.
Children. – Barnett's Common Sense in Education stituents; and never dream that they will one
and Teaching. – Hanus's Educational Aims and day return to plague them, or that anybody
Values.- Rowe's The Physical Nature of the Child.
will think of holding them to their own pro-
-Storr's Life and Remains of the Reverend R. H.
fessions." And whether such sentiments come
Quick.
from some high official like the war-lord of
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
. 279 Albany, or from the most servile henchman of
A disappointing exposition of Matthew Arnold. a political party having at bottom no nobler
The Dutch and others in Africa.- Literary essays of motive than party advantage and no higher aim
the finer sort.- Mme. Bernhardt self-portrayed.-
than plunder, their ring is false, and will de-
Narrative of a private Soldier of the Queen - The
ceive only those who wish to be deceived.
polychrome Bible again.- Max Müller and his friends
from India.-Letters from an English family circle.
The new patriotic impulse to which we here
- Recollections and memories of Old Cambridge. wish to call attention finds no illustrations in
the noisy plaudits of those who din daily into
BRIEFER MENTION
282
our ears the catchwords of duty and destiny -
the duty of advancing civilization by fire and
LITERARY NOTES
283
sword, the destiny which may only be asserted
LIST OF NEW BOOKS .
283 by denying to alien peoples the fundamental
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.


266
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
rights of man. Rather do we hear through all glory. Whatever may be the outcome of the
this din the accents of a still small voice recall. struggle to preserve for this nation the ideals
ing to us that our true duties lie close at hand, upon which its true grandeur has been based
and that the national destinies wrought out for whether our ship of state reach its haven or
us by Washington and Jefferson and Lincoln suffer shipwreck — the honor of these men is
are absolutely incompatible with our new secure. They have fought the good fight, and
fangled dreams of empire. And because this
And because this history will set them high among the heroes of
voice, which is no other than the voice of the our race. In a certain sense, the judgment of
national conscience, has not breathed out its history is already pronounced. What history
protest unheeded, but has found so many fear says of any age is determined largely by what
less spokesmen, filled with passion for the ideals the most forceful minds of that age have said
that all true Americans have cherished hitherto, of its issues. The men who are to-day speak-
and thrilling with indignation at the present ing to us with the authority of experience and
desecration of those ideals, it has seemed to us ripened political wisdom are the men to whom
that this new manifestation of the spirit of the the historian of the future will turn for light,
finer patriotism is a most noteworthy phenom just as we now turn for light upon the history
enon, not to be paralleled more than two or of our Revolutionary struggle to the living
three times in the whole course of our history. words of Burke and Chatham, of Washington
In behalf of this protest against the abandon and Jefferson.
ment of the principles by which our moral These considerations bring us to the more
stature as a nation has hitherto been deter- special subject of the present discussion. We
mined, there has been enlisted, in the words of Americans have a great wealth of political lit-
ex-Governor George S. Boutwell, “ an array of erature, for our bent toward the discussion of
names such as has not been brought together problems of statecraft is as marked as was that
in support of a common cause since the signing of the Athenians. Much of this literature is
of the Declaration of Independence.” So many mere volubility, and whatever heat it once had
are these names, and so great is their influence has long since become dissipated. But the best
as leaders of both thought and action, that we of this literature is still a living force, for it
shall not attempt the invidious task of singling deals with the most vital features of our polity,
out a few for special mention. A score or more and its interest remains perennial. When we
of them will occur at once to the mind of any survey the cherished masterpieces of our polit-
well-informed reader, and every fair critic must ical writing — its eloquent oratory and its calm
admit that they represent an overwhelmning intellectual appeal — we find that they centre
preponderance of the intelligence and morality about two great themes - the struggle for
of our fellow-citizens.
independence and a national union, and the
The attempt of a time-serving press to attach struggle to preserve that union and make it
to these names the stigma of treason is one that stand for freedom in the largest meaning, for
falls with the weight of its own absurdity. This the equality of all men in the sight of the law.
position is exactly that of Chatham and Burke It is this latter aspect of the secular conflict
in opposing another war of subjugation over a which now again confronts us, and the cause
hundred years ago. It is for the courage of at issue makes upon us a demand no less im-
their attitude in resisting a perverse and short perious than the demand that was made upon
sighted colonial policy that those men are held an earlier generation by the harsh pretensions
in the highest honor by Englishmen and Amer. of the English crown, and upon a later one by
icans alike. The verdict of history metes out the arrogant pretensions of the slave-owning
even justice to the men who in any age with oligarchy. He must be blind indeed who does
stand the outbursts of popular folly; and who not see that the same essential principles are
can doubt that, in our own present case, when now again at stake, and that the outcome of the
“ the tumult and the shouting dies,” the lead-present deplorable situation is fraught with the
ers who now, at no small cost of temporary same enormous possibilities for good or for evil.
popularity, stand for the principles of the In this serious condition of affairs, our writers
Fathers of our Government, and speak for have not been found wanting, and it is with the
“the mighty hopes that make us men” in a deepest satisfaction that we call attention to
sense unknown to European history, will be the way in which they have risen to the high
adjudged by no remote posterity to have won occasion offered them. There is growing up
for themselves a crown of exceeding great l about the present subject of contention a mass


1899.]
267
THE DIAL
of literature which is conceived in accordance Eliot Norton at the Ashfield Dinner. There
with the noblest traditions of American thought. are such fugitive writings as the "Open Let-
Even in mere bulk it is already almost com ter” from ex-Senator Henderson, and “The
parable with the literature inspired by oppo- Philippine Piracy,” by Professor William
sition to the institution of slavery, and in quality James. There are innumerable other contri-
it is no whit inferior, either in its impassioned butions to this literature of protest and warn-
earnestness or in its deep resolve to maintaining, offered by such men as President Eliot,
to the death those standards of justice and Professor von Holst, Bishop Henry C. Potter,
human right that so many seem now to be Bishop John L. Spaulding, Professor Felix
weakly forsaking. The thought which infuses Adler, and the Rev. Henry Van Dyke. Now,
all this writing is indeed that which
of all this literature it is not enough to say
“Bade our fathers' souls to live, that it cannot be ignored. Much of it is so
And bids the dying century bloom anew.
admirable in form, besides being suffused with
It is the thought of men too sturdy in their
the lasting qualities of fine intelligence and
Americanism to be swept away from their
exalted emotion, that it is sure of preserva-
moorings by the gusts of partisan folly, and too
sure that they are right to be influenced by any American patriotic eloquence.
tion among the most noteworthy examples of
The future
array of hostile numbers.
It is the thought student and compiler of such literature will be
of men each one of whom would be content to justified in placing Senator Hoar's speech of
stand with serene conscience an Athanasius | last February beside Webster's reply to Hayne,
contra mundum, each one of whom would re-
echo the “Ultima Verba " of Victor Hugo,
and Professor Sumner's Phi Beta Kappa ad-
dress beside the finest efforts of his great name-
“Sans chercherà savoir et sans considérer
sake. One reads these masterly productions
Si quelqu'un a plié qu'on aurait ora plus ferme,
Et si plusieurs s'en vont qui devraient demeurer," with the same glow of feeling that is inspired
The defenders of our latter-day imperialism by the traditional models of our eloquence, and
have not yet come to understand the temper the youth of the future will take from them the
of this opposition to their reckless course. same contagion of enthusiasm which our gene-
They treat it as a difference of opinion, but it ration has caught from their old-time pro-
is nothing of the sort. Men may have opinions totypes. Their present value is that they
about such matters as the tariff and the cur. strengthen our faith in the potency of our
rency, but the proposition to cast aside the cherished ideals, and bid us take heart for our
doctrines of the Constitution and the Declara- country however dark the present outlook.
tion, the counsels of Washington and Lincoln, What to the faint-hearted may seem one sweep-
the sanctions of free government that have been ing dégringolade of principles and institutions
inculcated upon Americans from their earliest cannot, after all, be a reality as long as such
childhood — this proposition runs counter to
voices as these are raised to recall us to the old
the most sacred convictions of all men to whom paths of national virtue and sobriety. “This
Americanism is more than an empty name. spasm of folly and delusion also, in my judg-
Let us enumerate a few
few of ment, will surely pass by," are among
the
the writings that have responded to this wild closing words of Senator Hoar’s memorable
onslaught upon the principles that make the speech. And what true American should not
American name dear to us. There are the be proud to echo the words that follow :
lectures and addresses contained in President " Whether it passes by or not, I thank God
Jordan's “Imperial Democracy," a volume I have done my duty, and that I have adhered
which is a complete arsenal of fact and argu to the great doctrines of righteousness and
ment. There are such papers as “The Present freedom, which I learned from my fathers,
Crisis,” by Edwin D. Mead; “Our Nation's and in whose service my life has been spent.'
Peril,” by Dr. Lewis G. Janes; “Imperialism, Such a literature as this makes us almost
and the Tracks of Our Forefathers,” by Mr. glad that the occasion for it has arisen. The
Charles Francis Adams; “ England in 1776: awakening from our fancied security has been
America in 1899," by Mr. William M. Salter; rude, and the perils to which we are exposed
and “The Conquest of the United States by have become imminent; but we now know, at
Spain,” by Professor William G. Sumner. least, that the voices that were raised in past
There are such speeches as that of Senator crises of our national life have found worthy
Hoar in Congress, of Mr. Carl Schurz before successors, and that the torch has been handed
the University of Chicago, of Professor Charles on still aflame. The poets, indeed, we sadly
a very


268
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
miss, for we know with what prophetic fire our became a Goettingen professor in 1805, and shares
Whittier, were he now alive, would arouse our with Lachmann the honor of having made Germany
sluggish conscience, and our Lowell scourge acquainted with the poets of the first golden age of
with the scorpion whip of his indignation the
German literature. Although professor of German,
traducers of our national character. But the
his lectures on Spenser and Shakespeare and his crit-
words of the poets have this advantage over
ical work in Middle English show him to have been
well informed in both English literature and English
all common words, that they apply to other philology. His students were so eager to learn En-
times and places than those by which they are glish that they did not object to meet their professor
immediately occasioned, and neither “Ichabod”
as early as six o'clock in the morning.
nor the “Biglow Papers ” could in reality be The next important German scholar of English
bettered for our present needs. What, in fact, was W. A. von Schlegel, whose translation of
could a Lowell now say that would be more
Shakespeare is one of the best in any language.
exactly to the point than these familiar stanzas, Since his day, neither the German Goethe nor
and the note by which they are supplemented : Schiller heads the long list of dramatists whose
works constitute the repertoire of the royal theatres
“We were gittin' on nicely up here to our village,
of Germany, but the English Shakespeare. Schle-
With good old idees o' wut's right an' wut aint,
We kind o' thought Christ went agin war an' pillage,
gel's epoch-making lectures on dramatic art, which
An' thet eppylotts worn't the best park of a saint; brought him a call to the newly founded university
But John P.
of Bonn, were directly translated into English, and
Robinson he
Sez this kind o' thing 's an exploded idee.
were made by Coleridge, sometime student of
Goettingen, the basis of a new Shakespearian criti-
“The side of our country must ollers be took,
cism. From the time of Schlegel to 1872, which may
An' President Polk, you know, he is our country.
An' the angel that writes all our sins in a book
be considered the beginning of the present import-
Puts the debit to him, and to us the per contry; ant period of the study of English in Germany,
And John P.
most of the professors who worked particularly
Robinson he
with literature gave their time to Shakespeare.
Sez this is his view o' the thing to a T."
The first of this long list of critics is Huber, well
“Our country is bounded on the north and the south, known as author of “ English Universities.” In
on the east and the west, by Justice, and when she over-
the thirties he lectured in Marburg on Shakespeare;
steps that invisible boundary-line by so much as a hair's-
and in the forties he delivered in Berlin, to which
breadth, she ceases to be our mother, and chooses to be
looked upon quasi noverca. That is a hard choice when University he had been called, the first course of
our earthly love of country calls upon us to tread one
German lectures ever delivered on Chaucer. Near
path and our duty points us to another. We must make
the close of the first half of this century there
as noble and becoming an election as did Penelope be appeared Gervinus's great work on Shakespeare, a
tween Icarius and Ulysses. Veiling our faces, we must work which first applied the methods that character-
take silently the hand of Duty to follow her."
ize German critical contributions to English litera-
ture. Other names worthy of mention here are
Hattner, Herrig, Keller, Vischer, Rapp, Wolf, Ulrici,
and Flathe, all of whom gave more attention to
THE STUDY OF ENGLISH IN
Shakespeare than to any other English author.
The father of German as well as of English
GERMANY
philology was Jacob Grimm. His grammar, which
Germany has done more to promote the critical appeared in 1819, may be regarded as one of the
study of English than the whole Anglo-Saxon race greatest contributions to modern philology. Al-
besides. Hanover, by reason of her political rela though the first important contribution to Teutonic
tions with England, and of the rich literary gifts philology, its fourth volume, “ Teutonic Syntax,"
that Goettingen received from London, made the remains to-day the only comprehensive work on
start. The first German professor to take an the subject, and will hold its place until the appear.
interest in English was Hofrath Reuss, the Goettin ance of Roethe's new edition of the same and the
gen University librarian, who in 1770 published a completion of Wilmann's German grammar. Pro-
book on the living writers of the British Isles and fessor Schmid of Jena studied Grimm's grammar
America. Somewhat later Boutewek, a Goettingen five years, and then published, in 1832, the “Old
professor of philosophy, wrote a work on Middle English Laws." The long list of professors who
and Modern English literature. But greater than based their investigations on the results of Grimm
the influence of these two professors was that of worked with Old English in general and “Béowulf”
the celebrated scholar C. Heyne, perhaps the most in particular. The most important of this list are
distinguished philologist of his day. His influence, Leo and Ettmueller, well known to scholars of En-
however, was not direct, but indirect. He pre- glish philology. Somewhat later, we have Grein,
pared the way by applying the methods which have Muellenhoff, Delius, Maetzner, Koch, and Heyne.
made modern philology so important a factor in uni Of these six celebrated philologists, all of whose
versity work. Heyne's successor was Benecke, who works are indispensable to-day, Dr. Heyne, pro-


1899.]
269
THE DIAL
fessor of Teutonic philology at Gottingen, is the
only one living. His valuable text-books in several
The New Books.
of the Teutonic languages have made him as famil-
iar to the American and English student of modern
MEMOIRS OF AN AMERICAN CITIZEN.*
philology as he is to the German student.
Until 1872, English literature and English phi The name of John Murray Forbes is not so
lology were separate. A professor gave his time familiar to his countrymen at large as it ought
either to the one or the other. It would be difficult
to be, or as it would be had his great public
to find a man who made valuable contributions to
services been coupled with official position.
both. Then, too, English philology and literature
The part played by Mr. Forbes in public affairs,
were combined either with Teutonic philology and
literature or with Romance philology and literature. especially during the period of the Civil War,
In 1872 Strassburg was opened and the first chair
was an important and effective one; but he
of English was endowed. The other larger uni-
never held, nor sought, political office. What
versities followed, and to-day nearly all the German
he did for his country he did as a private citi-
academic institutions have chairs of English. In zen, and in the most private way possible ; his
1873 Ten Brink was called from Marburg to
maxim being, “Never mind who does it or gets
Strassburg, where he filled the chair of English the credit for it, so long as the thing is done."
until his death, five years ago. Ten Brink and Political ambition can hardly, in a republic,
his great contemporary Zapitza (who began as
be accounted an alloy in the motives that impel
classical philologist and “Germanist," and held
the chair of English in Berlin from 1876 to 1895, theless, always refreshing to meet the rarer, or
a man to serve his country; but it is, never-
the year of his death) did more to advance the
study of English than any other German scholars.
at least seemingly rarer, brand of patriotism
Many well-known philologists in Germany, as well
that neither voter nor tax-payer is ever ex-
as in England and America, owe the inspiration pected to requite or pay for.
they received to these two men. Ten Brink did It was as a pioneer and manager of Western
the Anglo-Saxon race a great service by his import or Middle-Western railroads that Mr. Forbes
ant contributions to English criticism, and Zupitza was best known to the American public. He
will be remembered as one of the great scholars in was one of the founders of each of those great
Old and Middle English. Zupitza was the first
German to assist the Early English Text Society. Burlington & Quincy. Of the latter company
lines, the Michigan Central and the Chicago,
Important contemporaries of these two men were
Barnay, Elze, Mall, and Schipper.
he was president from 1878 to 1881, and he
The past decade marks a great period in the
was one of its directors from 1857 until his
German study of English. German scholars are
death, in October, 1898. The earlier years of
applying to English, more assiduously than ever,
Mr. Forbes's business career were spent in
the methods that have made German what it is. China. In 1837 he returned finally to America,
The men who are doing the English work to-day and established himself at Boston as a mer-
are Wuelker and Sievers of Leipsic, Brandl of chant in the China trade. In view of his sub-
Berlin, Schipper of Vienna, Morsbach of Goettin-
sequent field of commercial operations, a letter
gen, Koeppel of Strassburg, Trautmann of Bonn, of his (1836) as to railway investments is
Koelbing of Breslau, Sarrazin of Kiel, and Vietor
amusing.
of Marburg. Of these scholars, Sievers and Morg-
bach are the greatest philologists. The former's
“ The principal object of the present is to request
that you will by no means invest any funds of mine in
Old English grammar and the latter's Middle
railway stocks, and to advise you to keep clear of them.
English grammar, have revolutionized the study of
I have good reasons to believe, from all I can learn of
the first two periods of English philology. Trautmann the English railways, that ours will prove a failure after
and Vietor are particularly known because of their the first few years; the wear and tear proves ruinous.
work in phonetics. Sarrazin, Koeppel, and Brandl At any rate, keep clear of them."
have made very important contributions to English Ten years later we find Mr. Forbes embarking
criticism. Schipper is the greatest authority on cautiously on his first railway venture -- the
English metre. Wuelker as editor of “ Anglia”
purchase, with several copartners, among them
and Koelbing as editor of “ Englische Studien ”
have worked in both English philology and English
Erastus Corning, from the State of Michigan
literature.
of its quarter-built road (the germ of the future
Both England and America learned from Ger- | Michigan Central) at seventy-five cents on the
many how to study scientifically their mother dollar. Writing in 1884 of these early opera-
tongue, and it is a pleasing fact that Germany is
tions, Mr. Forbes says:
making such rapid progress in her investigations
*LETTERS AND RECOLLECTIONS OF JOHN MURRAY FORBES.
in the greatest of modern languages and richest
Edited by his daughter, Sarah F. Hughes. In two volumes,
of modern literatures.
E. I. ANTRIM. with portraits. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.


270
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
roads forming the embryo of the future Chi- the war, took shape in his ardent and effective
“ Like a young bear, with all my troubles before me, then rapidly developing Chicago, Burlington
I had plunged into the railroad vortex, and on June 11,
and Quincy road. As a manager of great
1847, I find by my letter-books that I was at Milwau-
kee with the other Michigan Central directors, we
business enterprises, Mr. Forbes was well char-
having decided to take our road round to Chicago, acterized by a former partner in China.
instead of trusting to New Buffalo and water carriage “ He never seemed to me a man of acquisitiveness,
on the lake for our Western outlet. It was on this trip but very distinctly one of constructiveness. His wealth
that W. B. Ogden drove us about Chicago and tried to was only an incident. I have seen many occasions when
coax us into rapid action by offering us land in that city, much more money might have been made by him in
for which he was the selling agent, at low prices. The some business transaction but for this dominant passion
land below the harbor on the lake was then a sand-drift for building up things. The good, also, which he an-
and might have been bought very low, but the cheapest ticipated for workmen and settlers through opening up
purchases would have been the wet prairie lands within the country always weighed much with him."
a mile of the hotel where we stopped, which were offered
us at $1.25 per acre. Sheltered by our absurd preju-
Mr. Forbes's absorbing interest in politics
dices against land, we were proof against Ogden's began and grew with the slavery controversy.
seductions, and I do not think any of us ever bought a Prior to 1850 he was a Whig. But in that
foot of land in Chicago for ourselves while the road was
in course of construction. My hotel bill of $125 would
year Webster's Fugitive Slave Law speech
have bought 100 acres, now worth $8,000,000 to
gave a sharp turn to the current of his political
$12,000,000.”
thought, and he gave up his old party, becom-
In 1852 Mr. Forbes, still busy with the ing a Republican, or “ Free-Soiler," with abo-
Michigan Central, and also with the small
litionist leanings, which, with the progress of
cago, Burlington and Quincy, had undertaken advocacy of the emancipation measure. In
the "
very trying enterprise of building the
1859 he entertained over night at his Milton
Hannibal and St. Joseph road, to connect the
home a notable visitor none other than John
Mississippi and Missouri rivers.” Possibly too
Brown of Ossawattomie, already under the ban
intent, up to 1856, on the management of the
of the law and of a large and violent section of
Michigan Central (the presidency of which he opinion. Mr. Forbes's account of his guest is
resigned in 1857), Mr. Forbes does not seem
interesting.
to have foreseen the impending financial crash “Captain Brown was a grim, farmer-like looking
of 1857, largely due to the overbuilding of
man with a long gray beard and glittering gray-blue
eyes
which seemed to me to have a little touch of
Western railroads. About the middle of Sep insanity in them. I did all I could to draw the old
tember the storm struck Boston, as may be man out and make him talk, first politics and then
gathered from Mr. Forbes's letter to a foreign about his adventures in Kansas. He repelled, almost
correspondent, September 28, 1857.
with scorn, my suggestion that firmness at the ballot-
box by the North and West might avert the storm; and
“We are in such a crisis here as only those who went
through 1837 can conceive of. . . . New York Central
said it had passed the stage of ballots, and that nothing
but bullets would settle it now. ... Leading him back
has run down from 87 to 55, and Michigan Central
from 95 to 45, while the weaker concerns are clear out
into Kansas by asking bim about the battle of Ossawat-
tomie, he replied, in his jerky way of throwing out his
of sight - Erie 10, Southern Michigan 10-15. Having
words, • That wasn't any battle! 'twas all on one side';
taken in sail, not expecting a storm, but out of pure
and then he told me that on that day he had been roused
laziness, I am very easy unless other people swamp me.”
by having his son killed by the Missouri border ruffians,
In the following month Mr. Forbes went to and another son dragged at their horses' heels all day
London and secured a loan, on onerous terms,
in the sun, until he was nearly frantic; he had raised a
of two million dollars to fend off the threatened
small force (I think only thirty) to watch the invaders,
and perhaps get a chance to strike a blow at them.
bankruptcy of the Michigan Central. His own
Waiting on the edge of a large swamp, through which
view of the policy which had gotten the road he could at any time retreat, he saw the enemy coming
in straits was as follows:
along careless and confident. How many, Captain
Brown?' Wal, they said there was 270 of them.'
“Somehow the directors had taken the view that the
high rates for money in the streets were only tempo-
When they were at close range his little band poured
rary; and so for the needful construction and other
in a volley, and they completely lost their heads, while
outlays they had allowed the company to incur a heavy
he repeated the attack. At last they realized how
small the Free-Soil force was and made a serious at-
floating debt instead of selling stock and bonds to meet
their outlays."
tempt to attack it, and then Captain Brown just scuttled
off through the swamp without much or any loss. How
The Michigan Central shortly afterward many did you kill?' we asked. “Wal, they said we
passed into New York hands, and Mr. Forbes hurt seventy of 'em.' . . . The Captain had to go to
sold out his interest therein at a very moderate
town by the earliest train. . . . When our parlor girl
got up early to open the house, she was startled by
profit, his real gain being that fund of ex-
finding the grim old soldier sitting bolt upright in the
perience which was to prove so valuable to the front entry, fast asleep; and when her light awoke him


1899.]
271
THE DIAL
he sprang up and put his hand into his breast-pocket, dollars. He always led on any line that he thought
where I have no doubt bis habit of danger led him to others should follow."
carry a revolver."
It is impossible to specify fully here the
Some six months later came John Brown's
many good works done by Mr. Forbes for the
capture at Harper's Ferry and its tragic sequel. cause he had so deeply at heart during the war.
As a presidential Elector-at- large, Mr. Head, hand, and purse, he was always at the
Forbes signed the certificate of his State's service of his country. He was Governor
election of Lincoln in 1861. What he then Andrew's unofficial right-hand man and confi-
thought of the successful candidate appears dential adviser, taking for a time full charge
in a letter to Mr. Senior.
of the work of moving, feeding, and clothing
“ From such of them [Lincoln's speeches] as I have the State troops. He was active in organizing
read, I get the idea that he is an earnest, rough, quick- the Sanitary Commission, and in enlisting the
witted man,- persistent and determined, half educated,
colored troops
but self-reliant and self-taught. . . . Those who know
a measure which he strongly
him assure me that he is honest and straight-forward urged upon the Government as the logical and
and owned by no clique of hackneyed politicians." expedient sequel of emancipation. He wrote
How late it was before Lincoln's greatness was
and inspired leaders in the press, and was
really recognized even by those who thought tireless in the work of disseminating right
and acted with him politically, we know; and views of the cause and the aims of the North,
let us turn here, as to an interesting freak of both at home and abroad. He was in close
contemporary opinion, to an extract from a touch and constant correspondence with the
letter (1862) from Mr. W. P. Fessenden to heads of the departments at Washington, who
Mr. Forbes, which now reads, in the light of
sought his advice chiefly in matters of shipping
the easy wisdom that comes after the event, and finance. It is hardly too much to say that
almost like a sort of blasphemy.
he was for a time virtually an unofficial or ad-
“You cannot change the President's character or visory member of Mr. Lincoln's cabinet. His
conduct, unfortunately; he remained long enough at philosophy of the war was, as may be gathered
Springfield, surrounded by toadies and office-seekers, to from a letter to Mr. Lincoln in 1863, that it
persuade himself that he was specially chosen by the
was fundamentally a struggle, a phase of the
Almighty for this great crisis, and well-chosen. This
conceit has not yet beep beaten out of him, and until it
historic and enduring struggle, between aris-
is, no human wisdom can be of much avail.”
tocracy (or, better, oligarchy) and democracy,
An interesting opinion of Lincoln and his
the originators and natural supporters of seces-
policy is found in a letter to Mr. Forbes (1883) sion, the planting aristocracy and its economic
of the former Assistant Secretary of the Navy,
parasites, numbering in the insurgent States
G. V. Fox.
about 28,000 persons, out of a total of 5,000,000
persons.
Said Mr. Forbes :
“ His playing with peace negotiations ' in 1864 was
a repetition of that profound and secretive policy which “ The next great want is to get the public mind of
marked his course with regard to Fort Sumter in 1861. the North, and of such part of the South as you can
Many of the leaders, even those close to him, thought reach, right upon the true issue of the existing struggle.
him to be a “simple-minded man.' He was the deepest, Our friends abroad see it. John Bright and his
the closest, the cutest, and the most ambitious man glorious band of English republicans see that we are
American politics has produced.”
fighting for democracy: or (to get rid of the technical
While Mr. Forbes seems not to have quite
name) for liberal institutions. .. Our enemies, too,
see it in the same light. The aristocrats and the despots
appreciated or done justice to Mr. Lincoln's of the Old World see that our quarrel is that of the
character and abilities, he nevertheless worked people against an aristocracy. My suggestion,
hard for his reëlection in 1864; and apropos
Then, is that you should seize an early opportunity to
of this fact a characteristic anecdote, contrib-
teach your great audience of plain people that the war is
not the North against the South, but the people against
uted by Mr. Edward Atkinson, may be given. the aristocrats. . . . Let the people North and South
“ At Mr. Forbes's instance a meeting was called for see this line clearly defined between the people and the
the purpose of raising money for the second Lincoln aristocrats, and the war will be over.”
campaign. It was beld in a large side office, of which
In 1863 Mr. Forbes was sent by the Federal
I had the control. Some fifteen or twenty men came
in. After the hour had been reached, Mr. Forbes sug-
Government to England with instructions to
gested to me to lock the door, and we looked around block (through private negotiations) the pro-
the meeting. He said, "How much is this meeting good gress or change the destination of the cruisers
for?' I replied, "About twenty thousand dollars.' then notoriously building in English shipyards
• Well,' said he, don't unlock the door until we have
got it.' The matter was discussed, and in his usual
for the use of the Confederacy. Credits to the
manner he led off with a large subscription, and before
amount of £1,000,000 sterling were placed at
we unlocked the door we had twenty-three thousand his disposal, and these he was to use largely at
.


272
[Oct. 16,
THE
DIAL
.
his own discretion. Mr. Forbes failed, as we to their biographical interest. The light they
know, to purchase or to secure a lien upon the occasionally shed on the characters of public
cruisers, according to his specific mandate ; but men of the day, and especially on the opinions
that his representations to prominent English that public men of the day had of each other's
men that the sailing of the rams (as Mr. Adams characters, is decidedly useful. The autobio-
put it)“meant war” between the United States graphical element of the work has been called
and England eventually went far in accomplish by the editor, Mr. Forbes's daughter and the
ing the main end aimed at, there is good evi- custodian of his papers, from "a couple of vol-
dence. While in England Mr. Forbes, it ap umes of reminiscences of his life " composed
pears, wrote a private letter to Mr. Rathbone, twelve years ago. The editor, who has done
a leading Liverpool merchant and member of her work throughout in a workmanlike and
Parliament, explicitly stating that if the Laird tactful way, supplies a graceful and touching
rams sailed war would ensue. What followed introductory chapter on her father's habits and
is related by Mr. Rathbone in a letter of 1898. characteristics.
characteristics. “I publish these things," she
“I went straight up to London, saw Mr. Thomas adds at the close of the preface, “ as the record
Baring, Mr. Cobden, Mr. Forster, and others at a break-
of an American citizen who, keeping himself
fast for the purpose at Mr. Baring's. They realized
in the background, never stinted work, or
at once the danger of the crisis, and urged me to see
Lord Palmerston. I was perfectly astonished at the
money, or service of any sort, for the country
ignorance of our statesmen generally, and of Lord he loved so well.” The impression to be gained
Palmerston in particular, as to the inevitable effect a from these volumes of the sterling character of
maritime war would have on a commerce like ours.
this genial and public-spirited citizen forms a
I was able to meet all Lord Palmerston's remarks and
suggestions from information that had come to my
valuable acquisition for any man.
“ He was,
knowledge as a shipowner and a very close student of
as his friend Emerson said of him," an Ameri.
laws bearing upon the state of our mercantile marine. can to be proud of.”
E. G. J.
... He said he quite realized the importance of the
facts I had laid before him, and listened with very
great patience; and when I had concluded, asked me
whether there were any other points which I wished to
suggest. I said I thought I had laid before him suf-
AN ORIGINAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR.*
ficient to show that the sailing of the rams' meant war
with America and the destruction of our mercantile Dr. Oram Lyte’s “ Advanced Grammar and
marine. Three days afterwards the 'rams' were stopped, Composition" ought to please the class of teach-
and purchased by the government. . . . And I have
always believed that the Messrs. Forbes's letters and
ers that like to find in an English grammar a
Mr. John Forbes's previous exertions in favor of peace little of everything. Those that get tired of
prevented a war between the two countries."
teaching one thing at a time, and want vari.
Acknowledging Mr. Forbes's services, after ety, will certainly not be disappointed in this
the termination of his mission to England, book. Here are principles of grammar, of rhet-
Secretary Welles wrote:
oric, of composition, including “ Letter Writ-
"Generously refusing all compensation for your per- ing, Narratives, Biographical and Historical
sonal services, you in a great emergency promptly, and Sketches, Descriptions, Essays, Debates, Busi-
with much inconvenience to yourselves, * entered with
alacrity upon the mission confided to you, and the de-
ness Papers, etc.” (see Preface), Etymology,
partment has reason to be satisfied with the intelligent History of the English Language, False Syn-
and judicious manner in which its duties were dis tax, Punctuation, Use of Capitals, Rules of
charged."
Spelling, Analysis, Language Tables, Figures
The foregoing quotations may perhaps serve of Speech, Diaries and Journals, Orations, Pre-
to measurably justify the length at which Mr. fixes, Suffixes and Roots, Dialogues and Short
Forbes's career is set forth in the two well. Stories, Mathematical Constructions, Poetical
made and impeccably printed volumes from Constructions, Abbreviated and Irregular Con-
which they are taken. As to the origin and structions, Miscellaneous Subjects, Miscellane-
elements of the volumes, a word must now be ous Notes, and — no, strangely enough, there
said. They consist largely, as the title implies, is nothing on Prosody.
of Mr. Forbes's correspondence with public There ought not to be any demand for such
men on public questions at a very critical a hodge-podge, except, perhaps, in the most
period of the nation's history. They thus pos- remote rural districts. Teachers in search of
sess an interest apart from and perhaps superior “constructive work” may find excellent manuals
* Mr. W. H. Aspinwall was Mr. Forbes's able and patriotic * ADVANCED GRAMMAR AND COMPOSITION. By E. Oram
colleague in the English mission.
Lyte, A.M., Ph.D. New York: The American Book Co.


1899.]
273
THE DIAL
of composition suited to the needs of pupils of all grades or a testimonial, do n't reserve one of
grades, while the numerous editions of English the stamps in order to thank your teacher. That
classics which, thanks to modern pedagogy, is unnecessary. Drop the stamp in your first
every publisher of school-books is sending out, letter, in which you may express your thanks
for every age and condition, will furnish any in advance. The government has not yet ex-
variety of interesting themes and material for tended the franking privilege to teachers, and
composition.
Boards do not furnish stamps.
The study of English grammar must, from But to return to the grammar. It would be
the nature of the subject, be analytical. It is quite impossible to point out all the errors ;
a study of relation, mainly of function. The that would require another book. We must
sentence as a whole is known and understood content ourselves with a few samples here and
long before the pupil is able to grasp the gram-
there.
matical relation of its parts; he must, there. Under “Verbals used as adjectives,” two
fore, proceed from the whole to its parts, and examples will suffice :
this is the analytic method. In the study of “2. A soldier lay dying. 3. The slate used for roof-
Latin
grammar or the
grammar
of any foreign ing houses is a kind of stone."
tongue, the process is just the reverse; the Under “ Verbals used as Adverbs":
pupil proceeds from the parts to the whole,
“3.
Hearing a noise, I looked around.”
because it is easier to comprehend the part than Comment is unnecessary.
the whole, and the synthetic is, of course, the “ 271. Some clauses have only two essential parts,
right method. It is poor pedagogy that would the subject and the predicate. They are called abridged
confound the two things. In the study of En- clauses. Examples. I desire him to go. Spring having
glish there is plenty of constructive work” to
come, all nature is clothed in beauty. Let him go."
be done outside of the grammar.
This seems to be entirely original.
The author is undoubtedly right when he “ In construing hers in • This book is hers,' supply
says: “The time has gone by when the study
book. In construing yours in • Yours is lost,' • This is
of English grammar is condemned by thought yours,' supply possession or property."
ful teachers. . . . No other study can take its
Old-field teachers of grammar, if there are any
place.” Only, we would insist that it be gram- left, will be delighted with this reversion to
mar, and not something else in grammar cloth. grammar in its rudimentary stage.
ing.
One of the special features of the work to
The grammatical part of this book proceeds which attention is invited in the Preface is :
in an orderly way as far as page 52, when it
“9. The treatment of the objective case.”
is interrupted by the insertion of two or three Turning to the Objective Case (p. 149), we
pages on Letter Writing, and is again resumed find this startling statement :
on page 55. If the book were intended for the « Nouns and pronouns that modify verbs, verbals,
use of American schools in the Philippines, the adjectives, and adverbs are called the objects of the
words that they modify."
following paragraph would seem to be more
pertinent.
As this will be unintelligible to many readers,
“ How do letters get to the persons
for whom they
an illustration is here given from another part
are intended ? Why are they put in envelopes ? Why
of the book :
must they be stamped ?, What is the value of the stamp" Ago. She died eleven years ago'; adv. (Years,
placed on an envelope ? Where is it put ? ”
a. o. of ago). ·He staid till a few minutes ago '; obj.
But as the author assures us in the Preface
of till. (Minutes, a. o. of ago.)"
that the book " is intended to meet the require. The reader may like to know that a. 0. stands
ments of high schools, normal schools, and
for adverbial object.
academies," we suggest that some such instruc Returning now to p. 157, we read:
tion as this would be more to the point: “ Rule 7. A noun or a pronoun used as the adverbial
Always enclose a stamp except in love-letters. object of a verb, a verbal, an adjective, or an adverb,
Do n’t lick the corner of the stamp and stick
is in the objective case."
it to the sheet of paper on which you write. Here is another dash of originality, unintel-
The enlightened do n't do that. After folding ligible, to the reviewer at least :
your letter put the stamp in loose. No person • In The Cretans were believed to be liars,' the
accustomed to receiving letters will let it escape
form of were believed is determined by the subject of
the abridged clause. Cretans may therefore be called
on opening the letter. If you have only two
the subject of were believed, though it is not the entire
stamps and are writing to your teacher for your subject.”


274
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
What is lacking? And where is the clause? is there potential in would
go, should go, etc.?
Any pupil who has passed into the high school For illustration, let us take three examples of
should know it is the predicate, rather than the the use of would :
subject, that is made complete by the infinitive (a). He would tell, if he knew (diceret . . . sciret).
phrase.
6). He would tell the same joke every year (nar-
rabat).
Now let us turn to the author's treatment of
(c). He would not tell (nolebat dicere).
Mood, the crucial test of the grammatical ama-
Now any grammatical instruction that con-
teur :
founds these three uses of would, to go no fur-
“ Mood is a variation in the use and form of a verb
to show the manner in which an act or state is expressed ther, is simply pernicious, and utterly useless
with reference to the person or thing represented by
as a discipline.
its subject.”
“ A verb in the present tense of the imperative mood
This is a little disappointing after the author's
refers to future time; as, Charge, Chester, charge."
positive assurance of “the accuracy and sim-
We fear that, if Chester so understood the use
plicity of the definitions."
of the imperative mood, the battle was lost to
“ There are six moods: the indicative, the sudjunctive,
Marmion.
the potential, the infinitive, and the participial."
“Sometimes the subject [of the imperative mood) is
The author evidently does not intend to be out-
in the first or the third person; as, Cursed be I that did
so.— Shak. Come we, who love the Lord.- Watts.
done by any body.
Thy kingdom come.”
“A verb in the indicative mood is used in expressing It is no secret that all these verbs are in the
a fact.”
It would have been nearer the truth to say: A subjunctive mood. This surely must have got
verb in the indicative mood is used in express-
under the head of Imperative Mood by mis-
take. What the good old Doctor Watts really
ing a falsehood; as no sane man ever tells a
did say was
« Come
ye
that love the lord." He
lie in the subjunctive mood. Mood has no more
used the imperative. The other is perfectly
and whoever confounds mood with fact has not good English, corresponding to the Latin ven-
iamus and the German kommen wir, but it is
the faintest conception of mood.
« The fact may sometimes be referred to as a doubt; imperative mood always has the second person
known to grammarians as the subjunctive. The
• If Saturn is large, Jupiter is larger.”
for subject.
A logical conditional, in which there is no
“ A few intransitive verbs are sometimes used in the
shadow of a doubt, any more than in “ If he passive form, though they are not in the passive voice;
is breathing, he is living.”
as, “The melancholy days are come,' He is fallen,'
“A verb in the potential mood is used in expressing (666, note).”
power, permission, possibility, compulsion, duty, inclin On referring to the note, we learn that this is
ation, or a wish. Examples. "I can go,' etc." 6 a French idiom.” If it be necessary to go
This will rejoice the heart of the few veterans outside of English to explain English grammar,
who still linger on to do battle for their cher. why not call it a German idiom? Ours is a
ished “potential.” Mood is confounded this Germanic, not a Romance, tongue, and it is the
time with the meaning of the verb. Whatever regular construction in German. But this
potentiality there is lies in the meaning of can, happens to be an English idiom, coming down
with which mood has nothing to do. In “I to us from Anglo-Saxon by direct lineal de-
doubt the truth of the statement," doubt is ex scent. In another part of his book the author
pressed, to be sure, but the mood is indicative. informs us gravely that “ English grammar is
But why stop with the potential ” ? If mood now a grammar of modern English, and not
has to do with the meaning of the verb, why Latin or Greek. It is largely controlled by the
not make other categories, and extend them grammar of Anglo-Saxon,” etc. This is very
indefinitely ? For instance, we might call “I useful information, and it is true, but there is
will go" the volential mood, “I beg you to one English grammar that is evidently not
go” the deferential mood, “I am sorry I went” “ controlled” by Anglo-Saxon. If the author's
the penitential mood, and so on. There would knowledge of English had been under such
be no limit to this sort of thing, and it might control, we should not find, for one thing, in-
serve as a useful exercise in invention, just as cluded among Prefixes of Anglo-Saxon Origin:
in the case of the author's participial mood, “En, em, in, im (to, into, to put into); as,
which, so far as we know, is entirely original. engrave, enchant," Romance additions to the
But granting the potentiality of can go, what | Anglo-Saxon stock.
as,


1899.)
275
THE DIAL
Under “ Miscellaneous Notes” there is dis- depressing. If justification be demanded for
played throughout a good deal of originality. taking up so much space in reviewing a book
Only a few specimens can be given here: of this kind, the plea must lie in the fact that
“ Little. Litlle older'; adv. • A little older'; noun.” the author is Principal of the First Normal
“Both. He is both rich and lucky'; adv. (966, School of the great State of Pennsylvania, and
note 2)."
late President of the National Educational
This note reads:
Association which met last summer at Los
“ The correlatives both, either, and neither are adverbs Angeles,— the highest position in the gift of
of emphasis, modifying the two parts of the sentence
the teachers of the United States. It is to be
joined by the conjunctions that follow."
If the incredulous reader should demand more
feared, therefore, that official position may be
expected to float this book, and there will be
positive proof, he may find it on page 254:
no lack of laudatory testimonials to fill its sails.
“ Adverbs of emphasis are used to render other words
more emphatic. They may modify nouns, pronouns,
There is one thing that may be said in praise
verbs, adjectives, adverbs, verbals, phrases, clauses, or
of this book : it has steered clear of that fond
sentences. In •I, too, am sick,' I is emphasized, and device of grammaticasters, the diagram. For
hence modified. In • I am sick, too,' sick is made em this the author has our sincere thanks.
phatic. In • I am too sick,' too is an adverb of degree.
EDWARD A. ALLEN.
In • Both winds and waves swept it,' both modifies winds
and waves.
Neither modifies just and kind in • It was
neither just nor kind.' Both and neither in such construc-
tions are usually called conjunctions (966, note 2)."
LATE CONTRIBUTIONS TO EDUCATIONAL
Of course, the dissenter may say: “What dif-
LITERATURE.*
ference does it make? The average high school
student does n't care a straw whether neither
Horace Mann, referring to the swelling stream
is an adverb or a conjunction, and whichever
of interest in education that marked the period of
his occupancy of the Massachusetts Secretaryship,
way he learns it he will straightway forget it.”
Teachers of English, however, inclined to op-
TALKS TO TEACHERS ON PSYCHOLOGY: And to Students
on Some of Life's Ideals. By William James. New York:
timism, will insist that, if you are going to bother Henry Holt & Co.
a pupil with such little things as parts of
ESSAYS ON THE HIGHER EDUCATION. By George Trum-
speech, it is best to aim at accuracy of instruc-
bull Ladd, Professor of Philosophy in Yale University. New
York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
tion always, whether you hit the mark or not. PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF TEACHING. A Manual for
The author's treatment of “ irregular verbs”. Normal Schools, Reading Circles, and the Teachers of Ele-
is, to a man of feeling, simply horrible. Dare,
mentary, Intermediate, and High Schools. By Charles C.
Boyer, Ph.D., Professor of Pedagogy, Keystone State Normal
an irregular verb, Deal, a verb of the weak
School, Kutztown, Pennsylvania. Philadelphia: J. B. Lip-
conjugation, Dig, a verb of the strong conjuga. pincott Co.
tion, are all dumped together in the same pile.
THE ART OF TEACHING. By David Salmon, Principal of
Swanseia Training College. New York: Longmans, Green,
To one trained in modern methods a return to
& Co.
such a work as this would be like an attempt, in
FREDERICK FROEBEL'S EDUCATION BY DEVELOPMENT.
the eyes of a scientist, to teach modern biology
The Second Part of the Pedagogics of the Kindergarten.
Translated by Josephine Jarvis. New York: D. Appleton
out of Goldsmith's “ Animated Nature."
& Co.
Here is a pretty bit of romance that has the LETTERS TO A MOTHER ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF FROEBEL.
flavor of antiquity to recommend it, and is en-
By Susan E. Blow, author of "Symbolic Education," etc.
New York: D. Appleton & Co.
tirely in harmony with its environment:
SOCIAL PHASES OF EDUCATION IN THE SCHOOL AND THE
“ Man, in Anglo-Saxon, was in the common gender; HOME. By Samuel T. Datton, Superintendent of Schools,
woman was 'wife-man' or 'weft-man,' that is, the man Brookline, Mass. New York: The Macmillan Co.
that weaves."
PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOL Room. By T. F. G. Dexter,
B.A., B.Sc., and A. H. Garlick, B.A. New York: Long-
It is hard to kill a thing like that. Skeat's
mans, Green, & Co.
Etymological Dictionary has n't been able to MONTAIGNE. THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN. Selected,
do it in eighteen years. It seems to be en.
translated, and annotated by L. E. Rector, Ph.D. New York:
D. Appleton & Co.
dowed with the gift of immortality, and we may COMMON SENSE IN EDUCATION AND TEACHING. An Intro-
expect to hear from it again in the next crop duction to Practice. By E. A. Barnett. New York: Long-
of high-school commencement essays.
mans, Green, & Co.
EDUCATIONAL AIMS AND EDUCATIONAL VALUES. By Paul
The study of English has made so rapid an H, Hanus. New York: The Macmillan Co.
advance in the last quarter of the century that THE PHYSICAL NATURE OF THE CHILD, and How to Study
this book was out of date the day it came from
It. By Stuart H. Rowe, Ph.D. New York: The Mac-
millan Co.
the press. It is half a century behind, and its
LIFE AND REMAINS OF THE REVEREND R. H. QUICK.
effect upon English scholarship must needs be Edited by F. Storr. New York: The Macmillan Co.
..


276
[Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
said nothing could be hazarded in affirming that Dr. Ladd's “Essays on the Higher Education,”
far more had been spoken and printed, heard and republished, deal with four important subjects :
read, on education in the country within the pre “The Development of the American University,”
ceding twelve years than ever before, were it all “ The Place of the Fitting School in American
put together since the beginning of the colonies. Education,” “ Education New and Old,” and “A
What terms of comparison could Mr. Mann, if Modern Liberal Education.” The views on these
now living, find for the similar manifestations of subjects of an able scholar, university professor, and
educational interest? The remark is prompted by student of education such as Dr. Ladd is, could
the continuous stream of educational literature that not fail to be valuable. He finds the problem
flows from the press. No doubt some of this of the development of the University in this country
activity is primarily due to the action of a force to be largely the problem of securing a satis-
that now furnishes a prominent educational theme, factory secondary education. This done, he says it
that is imitation, and so is significant only indirectly; will be perfectly feasible to prepare the average
but much of it springs from a deep-seated original American youth, at nineteen or twenty years of age,
interest, and reveals to us the strong current that for beginning a true university education. He holds
is now in motion.
that if secondary education is properly reformed
Professor James's book, “ Talks to Teachers on and duly elevated, the youth who has well accom-
Psychology,” is one of the very best of the new plished it will be better fitted to enter upon a
works on the subject. The psychology that forms university education than is at present the average
the basis of the “Talks” is but a small part of the youth at twenty-two who has just graduated from a
psychology found in the author's great work bear first-class American college. This view of the case,
ing that title; but there is enough to answer the
which the facts certainly go a long ways toward
present purpose, presented in beautifully clear and sustaining, enlists the reader's interest in the paper
simple English, and well illustrated by examples on the Fitting School. The author's prescription
drawn from the field of common observation. One consists in part of relegating most of the colleges
can hardly help feeling, as he reads, that if psychol- and so-called universities to the secondary sphere.
ogy is not here shorn of its terrors for teachers, no “Only those few institutions that have already
other writer need hope to accomplish that task. acquired large resources of famous men and estab-
One of the charms of the book is its uniform good lished courses and equipment for the highest
sense. The writer has no respect for the pedagogical instruction, and that can hope to draw from their
fashions and fads of the day because they are
own and from other colleges a sufficient constituency
fashions and fads; nor is he under any illusion as of pupils already trained in a thorough secondary
to the value of his special science to teachers, but education, should strive to develop themselves into
has sound ideas as to what its value is, and how universities.” He ventures, therefore, “to assert
much there is of it. As an example of the way
that not more than half a dozen Universities should
in which he deals with some of the favorite ideas be developed in the entire country during the
of our popular educational guides, we quote from
next generation, and that no new institutions to
his remarks on the subject of emulation among
bear that name should, on any grounds whatever,
pupils :
be founded.” This may be a sound view to take
“To veto and taboo all possible rivalry of one youth of the matter, but we do not exactly see how it will
with another, because such rivalry may degenerate into be made practicable.
greedy and selfish excess, does seem to savor somewhat
of sentimentality, or even of fanaticism. The feeling of
Mr. Boyer's outlook upon the “ Principles and
rivalry lies at the very basis of our being, all social
Methods of Teaching" is indicated by two facts.
improvement being largely due to it. There is a noble One is the statement in the preface that his treatise
and generous kind of rivalry, as well as a spiteful and is designed to be a stepping-stone to Rosenkranz's
greedy kind; and the noble and generous form is par “ Philosophy of Education " and Tompkin's " Phi-
ticularly common in childhood. All games owe the losophy of Teaching.” The other is his definition
zest wbich they bring with them to the fact that they of education, "The realization of man's possibili-
are rooted in the emulous passion, yet they are the
ties, through systematic self-activity, for complete
chief means of training in fairness and magnanimity.
... The wise teacher will use this instinct as he uses
The book is divided into three parts :
living.”
others, reaping its advantages and appealing to it in
“ Psychology,” Principles of Teaching," and
“Methods of Teaching.' It is as full of matter
such a way as to reap a maximum of benefit with a
minimum of harm; for, after all, we must confess with
as it can hold, but we cannot help thinking that
a French critic of Rousseau's doctrine that the deepest
the author would have done teachers a better ser-
spring of action in us is the sight of action in another. vice if he had left out many of his topics and treated
The spectacle of effort is what awakens and sustains some others more fully.
our own efforts. No runner running all alone on a
Professor Salmon's “ Art of Teaching” opens
race track will find in his own will the power of stimu-
lation which his rivalry with other runners incites, when
with several general chapters on such topics as
he feels them at his heels about to pass. When a
“Some General Principles," "Order, Attention, and
trotting horse is “speeded' a running horse must go Discipline,” “Oral Questioning,” and “Object Les-
beside him to keep him to the pace.”
song," and then passes to the branches of study


1899.]
277
THE DIAL
taught in elementary schools, treating them in a against the literary education set up by the Renais-
manner much more technical than is now the vogue sance, and in complete sympathy with an education
in the United States in similar works. The book that consisted primarily of realities. Mr. Oscar
is marked by clearness of method and arrangement, Browning assigns Montaigne to the class of edu-
perspicuity of language, and sound good sense. It cationalists whom he calls “naturalists,”—“not only
is one of those useful volumes that, while they add because they profess to follow nature,” but “because
nothing new to the knowledge or practice in teach- they set before themselves as the chief good the
ing, do good service wherever they are read. development of the entire nature, and not merely
In Froebel's Education by Development,” trans-
the intellect or any part of it.” Professor Laurie
lated by Miss Jarvis, and Miss Blow's “ Letters to
accounts Montaigne a realist, in the sense that he
a Mother on the Philosophy of Froebel,” we have
“ desired to see reality, that is, to see the substance
valuable additions to the growing volume of Froe-
of fact and thought dominant in the education of
belian literature. The world is slowly learning how
youth.” The Professor says further : “Montaigne's
much larger this great master was than the kinder-
realism opposed itself merely to verbalism, and he
garten, with which his name was so long exclusively
fought a good fight in this"; that is, he was not a
associated.
natural-realist, claiming to find educational material
Perhaps no school superintendent in the country
solely in nature and real life, but a real-humanist,
finding reality or substance in nature, in the human
has taken a deeper interest in the social phases of
education than Mr. Samuel T. Dutton, formerly of
spirit, or in the records of past thought and feeling.
New Haven, Conn., now of Brookline, Mass. His
Perhaps Dr. Harris's statement does not differ
volume entitled “Social Phases of Education in the
materially in substance from Professor Laurie's,
but it is certainly put more sharply, and, formally
School and the Home" is a selection from the
speaking, more strikingly. It is well calculated to
lectures and papers that he has devoted to these
stick in the memory : Montaigne the protestor
phases of the general subject in the course of the
last few years. As he says in his preface, the point against pedantry is quite as striking as Montaigne
The
of view is in all cases social rather than scholastic,
the skeptic or Montaigne the rationalist.
and the ideas emphasized are as worthy of con-
question of classification aside, no one disputes
or doubts that Montaigne holds a very important
sideration by parents as by teachers. One of the
place in the succession of educational reformers.
most suggestive titles is the last, “ The Brookline
The significance of Dr. Rector's book lies in the
Education Society and its Work.” The more such
fact that it brings the things Montaigne wrote about
societies as this are organized and carried on in the
country the better. There are few educational
education together, presents them to the reader
problems more pressing at the present time than
in small compass apart from the matter in which
it is embedded in the original works, and accom-
the proper correlation of the school and the home.
panies them with suitable preface, introduction,
Messrs. Dexter and Garlick's “ Psychology in
notes, and indexes. The service that he renders
the School Room we account one of the best books
the student, and still more the mere reader, is an
of its kind that we have seen. It is not at all the
important one; for it must be remembered that, in
same kind of book as Professor James's “Talks,"
great part, what Montaigne had to say on this sub-
although both titles contain the same leading word. ject he scattered here and there through his some-
It is far more comprehensive and thorough. First, what voluminous writings. Mr. Rector has much
the authors give enough physiology to furnish a to say of his author's “modernity,” and with good
basis for the subject proper; next, they state and reason. He presents a full page, embracing twenty-
illustrate the main facts of psychology with remark one items, of “modern educational ideas anticipated
able correctness and clearness; and then they apply by Montaigne,” and fortifies his generalizations with
these facts with great good sense to the practical appropriate references. He has placed pedagogists,
work of the teacher. We cannot exactly promise teachers, and readers of educational books under
teachers that they will find the book easy reading, decided obligations to him.
although we cannot really agree that it is hard Mr. P. A. Barnett's book on “ Common Sense in
reading; what is more, no book that deals thoroughly
Education and Teaching " is happily named as well
with the subject can be made wholly soft and easy.
as written. Educational practice, and educational
In his preface to Dr. Rector's volume of selec- thought and writing in less degree, oscillate between
tions from Montaigne's writings on the education the two poles of crass empiricism and stark dogma-
of children, Dr. Harris, the editor of the series in tism. At the one extreme stand those who deny
which the volume appears, says, “ The significance in theory, if not in practice, that there are such
of Montaigne lies chiefly in his protest against things as controlling ideas or governing principles
pedantry," and this he defines to be the display of in teaching; at the other, those who say, or think,
accumulated knowledge that is not systematized that teaching is nothing more than the reading off
itself nor applied to the solution of practical prob of a formula. It is hard to say which one is nearer
lems.” That is one way of putting the case, and the truth, if the expression may be allowed, but we
perhaps the best way. The traditional way of incline to the empiricist rather than the dogmatician.
putting it is that Montaigne was in full rebellion Therefore
every
book that points with reasonable


278
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
steadiness to the degree in the arc marked “com the means of exploring and interpreting both the world
mon sense” is heartily to be welcomed ; and much of external nature and the world of man, the mother
more than this can be claimed for Mr. Barnett's tongue will be richer in incentives and possess higher
work.
incentives than all other forms of knowledge, and it
He has no more patience with fads and faddists
may therefore have a higher educational value than all
other subjects."
than has Professor James. He explodes in his first
chapter the complete sentence method,” as put by We should say, rather, it must have such higher
the dogmatician, and even defends in secondary educational value. The last chapter deals dis-
schools marks and taking place” under proper criminatingly, if briefly, with the permanent influence
conditions. His remarks on questions and question the light for the first time relates to what Professor
The one chapter that now sees
ing are excellent.
“ After all, it should be remembered that in the com-
Hanus and his associates are trying to do for the
mon order of things it is the person needing instruction study of education at Harvard University.
who usually asks questions, not the person giving it. Why Among the best judges, there will be no dissent
should the nature of things be topsy-turvy in the school from the statement that the value of child study to
room? It is not so at home. Why should the ques- the parent or teacher is practical rather than scien-
tioner in school be almost always the teacher instead of tific, and that it is reflex in character; or, to be
the learner ? Our business is to make our scholars feel
the lack of information, desire to ask questions; to
more definite, that it consists in mental habit rather
encourage them to find out what they can for them-
than the possession of any specific facts or knowl-
selves, and to be keen to hear what we have to add to
edge. This mental habit, of course, is an interest
their stock. They must, in fact, question us, or at all in and sympathy with the child that leads to intel-
events stand in the attitude of those who want to know." | ligent observation of his mind, character, and life,
Seven of the eight chapters of Professor Hanus's
and thus to a course of wise direction in consonance
“ Educational Aims and Educational Values ” were
therewith. Mr. Rowe's book on “The Physical
written as contributions to educational reviews.
Nature of the Child” is written in harmony with
They are, however, well worthy of being put in this
this view; that is, the teacher should pursue child
more accessible and permanent form. Like other study primarily for practical ends, and not for the
books made up in the same way, this one cannot sake of advancing scientific knowledge of children.
claim an absolute centre of unity, and shows more The book is one that may be well recommended to
or less centrifugal tendency ; but the first five chap- teachers.
ters conform to a general plan that is well expressed Certainly those who have read appreciatively
in the title of the book. Professor Hanus is always that excellent book, “ Educational Reformers,” will
clear and pointed, leaving no one uncertain as to wish to know something more about its author, his
his meaning, or causing him to waste time in finding life, character, and work. This “something more
it out. He is never esoteric, transcendental, or “ pro- they will find in the “Life and Remains of the Rev.
found” in the sense that neither he nor anyone else
R. H. Quick.” The book consists of a memoir, 125
knows exactly what he means. He writes clearly pages, and extracts from Mr. Quick’s note-books,
and strongly because he thinks clearly and strongly. 420 pages more. In his preface Mr. Storr, the editor,
Nobody, for example, can mistake the meaning of says there are forty of these note-books, which, if
such a paragraph as this :
printed in extenso, would make ten or eleven vol-
“ It is evident that any estimate of educational values
umes equal in size to the present one. They con-
must ultimately depend on educational aims. The stitute a life-record extending over more than a
studies chosen are the means (not the sole means, of quarter of a century. The interest of the memoir
course, but the most important means) for the realiza is touched with a tender pathos, for Mr. Quick was
tion of those aims. The conception of the end to be of a reflective rather than practical turn of mind,
attained must therefore determine the value of the
and failed, externally speaking, to achieve the suc-
means proposed; and any consideration of educational
value must accordingly include a consideration of edu-
cess in life that his mental abilities and personal
cational aims."
qualities seemed to justify. Then there is the
The author is thoroughly modern in his general pathetic story of his death. What the editor left
view of education, in the good sense of that term.
behind him unused, we do not know; but he has
He holds with Mr. Spencer, that the aim of educa-
not printed a page that was not worth printing,
tion is to prepare for complete living. Again, he
most of them well worth printing. Open the book
sees clearly that every national culture, and particu-
where you will, you are interested at once in what
you see.
It abounds in quotable passages, in fact
larly every great national culture, must be rooted
and grounded in the mother tongue. To quote three
is mainly made up of such passages. Mr. Quick
or four sentences on this point:
was a clergyman and a deeply religious man, facts
« This is the instrument of all the pupil's acquisitionsligious teaching in the National schools and Sunday
which add importance to what he says of the re-
and of common intercourse with his fellows. Moreover,
it is the embodiment of rich stores of information and
schools of England. The trouble bere, as he depicts
of the highest ideals of the race. If instruction in the
it, is the same as the trouble elsewhere: want of
mother tongue is not limited merely to the study of its real interest in the lesson, and consequent filling of
form and structure, but really serves, as it should, as the mind with words. He declares that “Sunday


1899.]
279
THE DIAL
and others
66
school teaching seems for the most part to be a done"; and its influence may be judged by the fact
wind-bag.” And again : “ The truth is the religious that a few years ago it was voted by the readers of
teaching given to our young people is not good an English democratic newspaper to be Arnold's
enough to interest them, so their minds do not take most valued book. Every student of Arnold's life
it in, and they remember at best words only.” The knows that the really serious work of his later
state of things that he describes is not peculiar to years was not the composition of pure literature,
England. As a rule, Sunday schools are the worst but was rather an attempt to change some sadly
taught of all American schools; and that is saying mistaken ideals of the English people; as one writer
a great deal.
B. A. HINSDALE. puts it, to transform, without destroying, their re-
ligion. Now, Mr. Saintsbury, with his merely
literary tastes, apparently does not understand, or if
he does understand he gives a very inadequate ac-
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
count of, the conditions which Arnold set himself
Professor Saintsbury's book on
to improve. It is certain that he has by no means
A disappointing
said the last word concerning this part of Arnold's
erposition of “Matthew Arnold” (Dodd, Mead
Matthew Arnold.
life. The criticisms on Arnold's poetry, however,
& Co.) is, on the whole, a disap-
are sane, and if we set aside some obscurities of
pointment. In his preface, after quoting Arnold's
style and some violations of elegance, are fairly
complaint that Macaulay, in his Essay on Milton,
well done.
had given us not the real truth about Milton but
merely a panegyric on Milton and the Puritang,
The Dutch
Sir Harry H. Johnston's “ Coloniza-
Mr. Saintsbury goes on to say that he has endeav-
tion of Africa” (Macmillan) is an
ored to “help the reader who wants criticism.”
in Africa.
attempt to summarize and review
Even from this point of view the book is regretably in a single book the general history of the attempts
deficient. We find here no picture of the man of Asia and Europe to colonize Africa during the
Arnold, poet, educational leader, essayist, religious historical period."
historical period.” The volume is true to the au-
reformer; no attempt to expound his message to thor's promise, crammed with facts and encyclopæ-
the world or his attitude toward life; no setting dic in character; in spite of which we have an
forth of what the world was to him or he to the altogether readable book bearing evidence of ex-
world, as Carlyle would have; little beyond a few treme care and careful research. Of special inter-
facts, drawn properly enough from the Letters," est at the present time is the chapter on “The
and Mr. George Saintsbury's opinions about his Dutch in Africa.” Although this chapter was writ-
writings; and since Mr. Saintsbury is merely ten before it became evident that Mr. Chamberlain
analyst of the form of art for its own sake,” these stood back of the Uitlanders of Johannesburg in
will hardly do for Matthew Arnold. In fact, Mr. their demand for greater concessions and a larger
Saintsbury's attitude toward his subject makes us degree of political influence in the Transvaal, the
fear that he does not himself understand fully what general question of England's relation to the Dutch
Matthew Arnold tried to do. The decade, for ex in South Africa is carefully examined. Treated
ample, from 1867 to 1877, which produced “Cul- historically, it serves to show that the present crisis
ture and Anarchy,” “St. Paul and Protestantism,” is but the culmination of two centuries of differ-
“ Literature and Dogma," "God and the Bible," ences between peoples of widely separated degrees
and “ Last Essays,” is characterized by the head of civilization. Mr. Johnston argues that the chief
ing " In the Wilderness.” Mr. Saintsbury regrets difficulty has always been the failure of a nineteenth-
this period of Arnold's life; would have had him century administrative to understand a seventeenth-
write more poems, and “infinite essays.” We agree century subject population, for such he considers
with the biographer that this is an idle wish,- by the Dutch of South Africa. The British govern-
suppressing which some space might have been ment is credited with having failed from the begin-
saved; but we cannot agree with him as to this ning to take proper measures for the maintenance
estimate of the religious reform era of Arnold's and spread of English influence. Reforms have
life. Granted that Arnold was often misunderstood, been too suddenly and too harshly executed, as in
often produced an effect quite unlike that intended ; the case of the abolition of slavery in Cape Colony ;
was his work in those years therefore a failure? or, on the other hand, the proverbial stubbornness
History assures us that scores of prophets have had of the Boers has too easily frightened English min-
to wait long before their words began to win isters from projects of sound policy. Incidentally,
comprehension; the most notable instance of all, the author makes the curious assertion that if Scotch
probably, coming from Nazareth. Even if some of administrators had been sent to Cape Colony early
Arnold's arguments in “Literature and Dogma," in the present century, few of the later troubles
were wide of the mark — though we think Mr. would have followed. This opinion is based upon
Saintsbury has not quite succeeded in overthrowing the fact that the Scotch and the Dutch are similar
them,- still, our biographer admits that no one in character, temperament, and religion ; though
“gmashed” the book, as Dean Mansel if alive or why the Scotch more than the English should have
Cardinal Newman if then in the fold “could have sympathized with the patriarchal form of slave-
an


280
[Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
holding desired by the Dutcb, is not made clear. them. The studies are so fine, both in their liter-
The attitude of Mr. Cecil Rhodes, in indirectly ary form and literary feeling, that no one could fail
urging the movement which resulted in the deplor- to profit by their perusal or could help being stim-
able Jameson raid, is criticised. In reference to ulated by them, even when dissenting most vigor.
this point, the author maintains that an amicable ously from their conclusions. They were well worth
settlement of the grievances of the Johannesburgers bringing together from the periodicals in which they
would have been accomplished ultimately through first saw the light.
pressure from the Cape Colony Dutch upon those
of the Transvaal. Britain's difficulties now are
Paris itself is not more Parisian than
Mme. Bernhardt
directly traceable to her shilly-shally policy toward self-portrayed.
its greatest actress appears to be in
the Dutch in the early part of the century, and to
M. Jules Huret's “Sarah Bern-
the essentially different aspect in which life, its hardt” (Lippincott). Mme. Sarah fell ill a year
duties and its privileges, presents itself to the Dutch ago, and had to submit to the surgeon's knife. In
and to the English mind. Other chapters treat of
convalescence she amused herself by telling M.
each important colonizing nation in turn, and all Huret the story of her life — with some omissions,
are instructive and entertaining. The book con-
but still with great candor. Her age will be sought
tains some unusually good maps, showing Africa by in vain in this biography, and many other things
religions, by areas of slave trade, by colonizability, which have to do with her private life. But her
and by political divisions at different periods. professional career is spread before the reader
like a panorama, and it discloses in every one of its
“The Authority of Criticism and
Literary essays
many pictures a very great dramatic artist, an artist
of the finer sort.
Other Essays ” (Scribner) is the title
whose memory is a lasting delight to all who have
of a new volume by Professor W. P.
seen her. Of her endeavors in the sister arts of
Trent. The essays are nine in number, concerned painting and sculpture, there is too little said here,
with literary themes, and happily combining discus and that rather beside the purpose. It is curious
sions of theory with practical applications of the
to observe, in the later parts of the book, Mme.
critical principles to which the author adheres. The Bernhardt's desire to be taken as a missionary in
titular essay offers one of the strongest pleas ever behalf of the French tongue, rather than as an ex-
made for criticism of the academic and authorita. ponent of an art so universal as to comprise the
tive sort. Mr. Trent's opinion of the other sort of modern world in its appeal. This last estimate be-
criticism
may be inferred from his prefatory refer- ing true, it seems needless to criticize the taste of
ence to the critics who “ continue their uncomfort the work. M. Edmond Rostand, who writes a brief
able and undignified floundering in the bogs of dog. preface for his friend, M. Huret, says the account
matism and impressionism.” Here we are in hearty made him dizzy. It is likely that any attempt to
agreement with the author; elsewhere, as in the follow Mme. Bernhardt's indefatigable personality
essay on Shelley, we are compelled to disagree with
will have the same effect; but M. Rostand's insist-
him, although with respect. To defend Matthew
ence that it is the workwoman in Mme. Bernhardt
Arnold's perverse opinion of Shelley is, to our who appeals to him rather than the vagarious creature
mind, as hopeless a task as could well be attempted ; outside, reveals the fact. The translation into En-
yet this is substantially what Mr. Trent undertakes glish is by M. G. A. Raper, and is clear and idiomatic.
to do. Nor is his attempt to make us accept Arnold's
The illustrations, from photographs of the actress's
exaggerated estimate of Byron much less hopeless.
many rôles, are numerous and valuable.
The palpable honesty of his dealings with these two
vexed themes enlists our sympathies, but his argu Narrative of a
In his lively and well-written book,
ments fail to convince. A more doubtful problem private soldier “ The Queen's Service” (L. C. Page
is raised by the essay on " Tennyson and Musset
of the Queen.
& Co.), Mr. Charles Wyndham mir-
Once More.” Here there is no definite pronounce rors the daily life of the real Tommy Atkins,
ment, but rather a plea for fairness. We have re that is to say, of the private soldier in the British
cently discussed this subject editorially, and agree Infantry, in the piping times of peace. The book
with Mr. Trent in thinking that English criticism is a transcript, evidently a faithful one, of the au-
has taken the relative inferiority of French poetry thor's own experiences. Mr. Wyndham was what
far too much for granted. Among the remaining
Among the remaining is known as a “gentleman ranker ”-a man of good
essays of this collection, those entitled “ Literature birth, breeding, and education, who for personal
and Morals," "The Nature of Literature," and reasons courts the blandishments of the recruiting-
Teaching the Spirit of Literature” are the most officer, and takes the Queen's shilling. It was in
important, and display what seems to us unexcep-
October, 1890, that Mr. Wyndham decided to take
tionable soundness of judgment. We read the last the plunge; and be presently found himself duly
named of these three, and pray that the ideas to enrolled under the comprehensive and conveniently
which it gives expression may sometime find their vague patronymic of "Robinson," and undergoing
way into the English departments of our schools the final test in the ceremonial of enlistment, i. e.,
and colleges. We hope that Mr. Trent's volume the taking of the Oath of Allegiance on a very dirty
will reach many readers; for it surely deserves and infectious-looking Bible, on which he feigned


1899.)
281
THE DIAL
Mar Müller
-
(with his gentleman-ranker squeamishness) to im- subjective literary analysis of the Old Testament;
print a fervent salute. “Some of the men, how while that on Ezekiel is an exhibition of first-class
ever, made up for this little discrepancy on my part scholarship applied to one of the difficult and most-
by kissing their Bibles with gusto, invoking at the neglected books of the Old Testament.
same time strange deities in aid of their due ob-
Professor Max Müller's second vol-
servance of their vows. My immediate neighbor,
and his friends ume of reminiscences of “ Auld Lang
for instance, audibly exclaimed .S'elp me Gawd !
from India.
Syne" (Scribner) treats of his In-
May I be struck pink if I goes back on it!'” Thus
began Mr. Wyndham's seven years of service, at
dian friends. The book, while not so chatty and
home, and in Ireland, Gibraltar, Malta, South Af-
amusing as its lively predecessor, contains never-
theless more solid meat of information and matter
rica, etc., during which time he rose to be a ser-
of actual newness.
geant, closing his service by purchasing his discharge. English men of letters, and of social and political
Gossip about contemporary
Mr. Wyndham has taken pains to describe tersely
and literally the common soldier's prosaic routine
celebrities, such as the earlier volume contains, we
of life, which he does with a saving vein of humor,
get nowadays in many forms and from many hands ;
and with a keen eye to the peculiarities of “Tommy periences qualify him to write as interestingly and
but it is not by any means every man whose ex-
Atkins "- whose besetting sin is clearly a fondness
for the Canteen that must inevitably impair his
instructively of India and the Indians as can the
learned editor of the Veda — the “ Pundit of the
character as a man and his efficiency as a soldier.
On the whole, however, the author's account of
Far West,” as one of his Hindu friends styles him.
life is rather favorable — strikingly so, if we
It is needless, perhaps, to say that Professor Müller
army
has never journeyed, save in imagination, to India.
compare his book with M. Decle's recent extremely
Such Indians as he has known have been travellers
bitter book on the French Army, which may be
from Hindustan who have sought him out in England,
profitably compared with the present volume Of
these two works, Mr. Wyndham's is decidedly the
or natives with whom he has corresponded. His
name is naturally a familiar one to Indian scholars.
more impersonal and purely descriptive, and there.
The volume is divided into five chapters, the best
fore the more likely to inspire faith in its trust-
worthiness. There are several photographic plates
one of which, and the one for which the average
representing types of the British soldier.
reader will be most truly thankful, being that which
treats of the Veda for, says Professor Müller,
This unique many-colored Bible “ Was not the Veda the first of my Indian friends ?
The Polychrome
Bible again.
(Dodd, Mead & Co.) is increasing Was it not the bridge that led me from West to
in size. Its latest additions are East, from Greece and Italy to India, nay, from
“ Joshua," by W. H. Bennett of London, and “ Eze Dessau to Oxford, from Germany to England ?"
kiel,” by C. H. Toy, of Harvard University. “The This chapter, besides describing and explaining the
Book of Joshua " is the most polychrome specimen general character of this oldest of books, contains
we have seen. Its clear text is printed on eight eight translations of Vedic hymns, rendered as
different colored backgrounds, while there are five nearly as possible in the metre of the original. The
such backgrounds for its italics. These documents, book is written in the author's usual pleasant style,
together with one additional one indicated by sym and its theme lies in a special sense within his
bols, make
up
a total of fourteen sources of the book province.
of Joshua. Mr. Bennett, with a marvellous inge-
Letters from
“The Etchingham Letters,” which
nuity, and we might almost say audacity, pictures to an English have been appearing serially in the
his readers just how these documents were joined family circle. “Cornhill ” magazine, and which
and pieced together. The archæological and topog Messrs. Dodd, Mead & Co. have just published in
raphical notes are valuable in that they are fresh book form, are the joint work of Sir Frederick
and up-to-date. The volume on Ezekiel is not, Pollock and Mrs. Fuller Maitland, who, in the re-
beyond the title-page, in any sense polychrome. spective characters of Sir Richard Etchingham and
Professor Toy's wisdom is expended on the trans his sister, carry on a familiar correspondence with
lation and notes. By careful textual work he has each other. These letters have no story to tell, or
made notable improvements in the rendering of this at best the merest thread of a story ; but as we read
difficult book. The notes, too, indicate wide read them we find ourselves becoming intimately ac-
ing, and discrimination in the use of matter. The quainted with members of the Etchingham family
use of illustrations in these books deserves the same circle, and the letters come to have an interest for
criticism as that given on former volumes. They are us that is almost personal. The announcements of
abundant, some excellent, some good, some fair, some this book speak of its “ literary flavor," but the sug-
poor. Many are appropriate, some are only remotely gestion is misleading. Although written for publi-
related to the subject, and some even represent what cation, they show hardly a trace of pose, and it is
is not the case. There is an overplus of illustrations difficult to realize that they are not the actual cor-
from the monuments, whose bearing on the text is respondence of the members of a cultivated English
barely tangential. The volume on Joshua is admir-family. They are rarely even bookish, and are
able, one of the best specimens of the results of the more likely to tell about the doings of the domestic


282
[Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
cat than about the intellectual preoccupations of and England, is discussed, with the conclusion that the
their writers. Their charm is indubitable, although critical system first elaborated in Italy “ultimately
not easy to define. It lies in their unaffacted sim triumphed ” in France, so that “modern classicism rep-
plicity, in the entire lack of anything that is stilted
resents the supremacy of the French phase, or version,
in their expression, and in the glimpses that they
of Renaissance Aristotelianism.” Students of literary
theory in its historical aspect will find this work an
give us of the intimate daily life of the brother and
indispensable part of their apparatus.
sister who keep in touch with one another by their
Dr. Mary Augusta Scott's classified bibiography of
means.
“ Elizabethan Translations from the Italian," published
Recollections and
Recollections and memoirs are often by the Modern Language Association of America, has
memories of as uncalled for as they are interest now reached its fourth part, which we understand com-
Old Cambridge.
ing, and it is unusual to find them
pletes the work, although the author promises in a
grouped in the form of historical sketches. Mr.
further paper “to bring together the Elizabethan dra-
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, “In Old Cam-
mas that are Italian in source, or scene, or direct sug-
gestion." The present work, as now completed in its
bridge” (Macmillan), has added to the rapidly
four sections, describes 411 translations, made by 219
increasing number of his reminiscences, however,
Englishmen from 223 Italian authors, and provides
a somewhat careful volume upon those of his friends substantial evidence of the author's thesis to the effect
who have done so much to make Cambridge the that no other “foreign vogue, before or since, ever took
source of scholarly and literary influence through such hold upon English society."
out our country. In a general way, we have been A volume of “ Elementary Studies in Chemistry,"
ready to render the honor due to this town; but by Mr. Joseph Torrey, Jr., is published by the Messrs.
after one has read this book, no matter how strong
Holt. It is a text-book of inorganic chemistry upon a
has been his devotion to the literary Mecca of New
new plan, combining lectures and demonstrations with
England, he will be convinced that its importance
laboratory work in a manner that commends itself
has been underestimated. In a certain way, it may
strongly to our approval. We quote a few timely sen-
tences from the preface: “Chemistry has suffered
be that the group of remarkable men which Mr.
from the irrepressible wave of laboratory madness
Higginson describes have become as remote as other which has swept over the whole educational world. ...
classics ; but for this very reason we can be grate Nothing too severe can be said against the mechanical
ful to the author for recalling so distinctly the sev and demoralizing system of note-books with opera-
eral personalities in connection with the town to tion,' observation,' and inference' headings. They
which they were so uniformly loyal. Perhaps as are wholesale breeders of dishonest and superficial
interesting as anything in the volume is the account
work.” It was time for some one to say these things,
of the early days of “The Atlantic," and the anal-
and we commend the book most heartily. The essen-
ysis of its contents into material that did or did not
tial aim of the author is to restore the disciplinary
value of the study, and his method is well worthy of
originate in Cambridge.
attention.
The Second Year Latin” book (Ginn) of Professors
Greenough, D'Ooge, and Daniell, consists of two parts,
BRIEFER MENTION.
the first containing nearly a hundred pages of easy prose,
the second something like four books of Cæsar. About
M. Gaston Boissier has added another volume to his four hundred pages of notes and vocabulary supplement
already somewhat numerous books upon popular archæ the text, making a thick volume altogether. The same
ology, and in “ Roman Africa ” (Putnam) has described publishers send us an edition of the “Hippolytus” of
the important but little-known region of Northern Euripides, edited by Mr. J. E. Harry. “A First Greek
Africa. The volume contains an interesting chapter Book” (Harper) is the work of Dr. L. L. Forman.
upon Cartbage, and another upon African literature, The « Essentials of Latin” (Eldredge) comes to us from
the latter being calculated to surprise the easy-going Dr. Benjamin W. Mitchell. “Longmans' Illustrated
reader who has generously handed over all Africa, First Latin Reading-Book and Grammar," by Mr. H.
ancient and modern, to the negroes. In fact, the entire R. Heatley, is a very elementary work indeed. From
volume is filled with information which hitherto has the Oxford Clarendon Press we have a two-page fac-
been almost the entire property of the special student simile (with reprint) of “ Juvenali's ad Satiram Sextam
in Roman history. The volume contains four maps, in Codice Bodl. Canon. XLI. Additi Versus XXXVI.,"
and a special study of the city of Timejad, the name of transcribed by Mr. E. O. Winstedt.
which is probably as unknown to the average student Miss Hannah Lynch's “ Toledo, the Story of an Old
of literature as the city itself. M. Boissier has here Spanish Capital” (Macmillan) is one of the admirable
rendered the reading public a distinct service, and it is series treating of “Mediæval Towns” in their various
none the less because he has made the matter interesting aspects, and its particular subject is of more than ordin-
reading
ary interest, even where all is interesting. Toledo has
“ A History of Literary Criticism in the Renaissance," been a city of kings from before the days when no less
by Mr. Joel Elias Spingarn, is a doctor's dissertation a person than Hannibal did its inhabitants the honor of
presented to Columbia University, and is published in defeating them. It possessed a spirit so indomitable
a substantial volume by the Macmillan Co. Both in that neither Roman nor Saracen could reduce it to de-
bulk and in solidity of workmanship it is far beyond pendence, so Miss Lynch tells us. But to-day it is in
what we usually expect such dissertations to be, and the midst of restorations and other acts of vandalism
covers its ground with such thoroughness that it will which bid fair to destroy the best of the little left of
not soon be superseded. The criticism of Italy, France, its wonderful inheritance from the ages.


1899.]
283
THE DIAL
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 170 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
LITERARY NOTES.
An - Advanced Arithmetic," by Mr. W. W. Speer,
has just been published by Messrs. Ginn & Co.
The Macmillan Co. send us a new edition, two volumes
in one, of “The Ralstons,” by Mr. F. Marion Crawford.
The Jamesons,' a novelette by Miss Mary E.
Wilkins, is published in a neat small volume by the
Doubleday & McClure Co.
“ The Revolution in Tanner's Lane,” by « Mark
Rutherford," appears in a new edition from the press
of Messrs. Dodd, Mead & Co.
“The Story of the Living Machine," by Professor
H. W. Conn, appears in the “ Library of Useful Stories,”
as published by the Messrs. Appleton.
Mr. John G. Allen's “ Topical Studies in American
History," revised and brought down to date, bas just
been repụblished by the Macmillan Co.
The Doubleday & McClure Co. publish a Kipling
“ Single Story Series," in the form of a box of five
small volumes, each of which contains one of the most
popular of Mr. Kipling's tales.
We note the appearance of a pretty new edition, now
bearing the imprint of Messrs. Dodd, Mead & Co., of
the “ Ballads of Books," as chosen by Professor Brander
Matthews, and first published in the eighties.
Messrs. H. H. Nicholson and Samuel Avery are the
joint authors of a volume of " Laboratory Exercises "
(Holt) to be used in the study of chemistry in connec-
tion with any elementary text of the descriptive sort.
Three volumes of the five that are to be devoted to
the “Critical and Miscellaneous Essays” in the “Cen-
tenary” edition of Carlyle have just been sent us by
Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons, the importers of this
publication.
pp. 336.
We are glad to note that Mr. Fred M. Fling's
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
The Autobiography and Letters of Mrs. M. O. W.
Oliphant. Arranged and edited by Mrs. Harry Coghill.
With portraits, large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 451. Dodd, Mead
& Co. $3.50.
Henry George Liddell, D.D., Dean of Christ Church, Ox-
ford: A Memoir. By Rev. Henry L. Thompson, M.A.
Illus., large 8vo, uncut, pp. 288. Henry Holt & Co. $5. net.
From Howard to Nelson: Twelve Sailors. Edited by John
Knox Laughton, M.A. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 476.
J. B. Lippincott Co. $3,50,
Reminiscences and Recollections of Captain Gronow:
Being Anecdotes of the Camp, Court, Clubs, and Society,
1810-1860. In 2 vols., illus., 8vo, gilt tops, uncut. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $4.
Horace Bushnell, Preacher and Theologian. By Theodore
T. Munger. With portrait, 8vo, gilt top, pp. 425. Houghton,
Mifflin & Co. $2.
Robert Louis Stevenson's Edinburgh Days. By E. Blan-
tyre Simpson. Second edition ; 12mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 326. Charles Scribner's Sons. $2.50.
Nicolas Poussin: His Life and Work. By Elizabeth H.
Denio, Ph.D. Illus. in photogravure, large 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 240. Charles Scribner's Sons. $3.50.
Matthew Arnold. By George Saintsbury, M.A. 12mo,
pp. 232. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.25.
Oliver Cromwell and his Times: Social, Religious, and
Political Life in the Seventeenth Century. By G. Holden
Pike. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 286. J. B. Lippin-
cott Co. $1.50.
Admiral Phillip, and the Founding of New South Wales.
By Louis Becke and Walter Jeffery. With portrait, 12mo,
Builders of Greater Britain.' Longmans,
Green, & Co. $1.50.
Admiral George Dewey: A Sketch of the Man. By Hon.
John Barrett. Illus., 16mo, pp. 280. Harper & Brothers.
$1.25.
Queen Elizabeth. By Mandell Creighton, D.D. New
edition; with portrait, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 307.
Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.50.
King Robert the Bruce. By A. F. Murison. 12mo, pp. 159.
“Famous Scots." Charles Scribner's Sons. 75 cts.
White and Black under the Old Regime. By Victoria V.
Clayton ; with Introduction by Frederic Cook Morehouse.
Illus., 16mo, pp. 195. Milwaukee: The Young Church-
man Co. $i, net.
HISTORY.
The Dutch and Quaker Colonies in America. By John
Fiske. In 2 vols., with maps, 8vo, gilt tops. Houghton,
Mifflin & Co. $4.
Jerusalem, the_City of Herod and Saladin. By Walter
Besant and E. H. Palmer. Fourth edition, enlarged;
illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 532. J. B. Lippincott Co. $3.
An Idler in Old France. By Tighe Hopkins. 12mo, uncut,
pp. 330. Charles Scribner's Sons. $2.
Cuba and International Relations: A Historical Study in
American Diplomacy. By James Morton Callahan, Ph.D.
Large 8vo, uncut, pp. 503. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
Press. $3.
France and Italy. By Imbert de Saint-Amand ; trans. from
the French by Elizabeth Gilbert Martin. With portraits,
12mo, uncut, pp. 352. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
The Narragansett Friends' Meeting in the XVIII, Cen-
tury. With a chapter on Quaker beginnings in Rhode
Island. By Caroline Hazard. 8vo, gilt top, pp. 197.
Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50.
Babylonians and Assyrians: Life and Customs. By Rev.
A. H, Sayce. 12mo, pp. 266. Semitic Series." Charles
Scribner's Sons. $1.25.
Greek and Roman Civilization. By Fred Morrow Fling,
Ph.D. Second edition ; 12mo, pp. 163. Studies in
European History." Lincoln, Nebr.: J. H. Miller.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
Letters and Recollections of_John Murray Forbes.
Edited by his daughter, Sarah Forbes Hughes. In 2 vols.,
with portraits, 8vo, gilt tops. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $5.
“Studies in European History” (Lincoln: Miller) has
passed into a second edition. It is a very helpful ad-
junct to the work of teachers, and deserves the widest
possible use.
We have just received seven new volumes in the
“ Temple" edition of the “Waverley" Novels (Dent-
Scribner). They contain " The Fair Maid of Perth,"
“Anne of Geierstein," «The Highland Widow," "Castle
Dangerous,” and “Count Robert of Paris.”
A new “Household ” edition of Tennyson has ap-.
peared from the press of Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
The text is that of the “Cambridge" edition of the same
publishers, and does not include the later poems having
American copyright. There are many illustrations.
“The Teaching Botanist” ( Macmillan ), by Dr.
William F. Ganong, is a pedagogical manual of modern
type, which is calculated to do good service in the work
of raising its subject to a proper level among the
studies that are pursued with disciplinary intent in our
secondary schools.
Under the auspices and direction of the Archeological
Institute of America, a meeting for the reading and
discussion of archaeological papers will be held in New
Haven, Conn., on December 27, 28, and 29, next. In
the absence from the country of the President of the
Institute, Professor Charles Eliot Norton, Honorary
President of the Institute, will deliver the opening ad-
dress on Wednesday evening, December 27. The pres-
ence and active coöperation of all who are interested in
archæology are desired.


284
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
Letters from Ralph Waldo Emerson to a Friend, 1838–
BOOKS OF VERSE.
1853. Edited by Charles Eliot Norton. 16mo, gilt top,
pp. 81. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.
Laurel Leaves. By Robert Wilson. 12mo, uncut, pp. 142.
London: Archibald Constable & Co.
The Development of the English Novel. By Wilbur L.
Cross. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 329. Macmillan Co. $1.50.
An Autumn Lane, and Other Poems. By Will T. Hale.
An Introduction to the Prose and Poetical Works of
With portrait, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 160. Nashville,
Tenn. Barbee & Smith. $1.
John Milton. By Hiram Corson, LL.D. With portrait,
12mo, pp. 303. Macmillan Co. $1.25.
Thoughtful Hours: A Book of Poems. By S. M. Herrick,
The Etchingham Letters. By Sir Frederick Pollock and
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 164. Cincinnati: The Literary
Shop.
Mrs. Fuller Maitland. 12mo, uncut, pp. 343. Dodd, Mead
The Holy Family: A Christmas Meditation. By Amory H.
& Co. $1.25.
Bradford. Illus., 12mo, pp. 56. Fords, Howard &
The Writings of Thomas Jefferson. Collected and edited
Hulbert. 50 cts.
by Paul Leicester Ford. Vol. X., 1816-1826. Large 8vo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 470. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $5.
FICTION.
Animal and Plant Lore. Collected from the oral tradition Stalky & Co. By Rudyard Kipling. Illus., 12mo, gilt top,
of English-speaking folk. Edited and annotated by Fanny uncut, pp. 310. Doubleday & McClure Co. $1.50.
D. Bergen; with Introduction by Joseph Y. Bergen. The Orange Girl. By Sir Walter Besant. Illus., 12mo,
Large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 180. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $3.50. uncut, pp. 347. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
In the Poe Circle. With Some Account of the Poe-Chivers Mammon and Co. By E. F. Benson. 12mo, pp. 360.
Controversy, and Other Poe Memorabilia. By Joel Benton. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 87. M. F. Mansfield & Kit Kennedy, Country Boy. By S. R. Crockett. Illus.,
A. Wessels. $1.25.
12mo, pp. 408. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
Fisher. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 391. A. C. McClurg & Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
Co. $1.50.
Henry Worthington, Idealist. By Margaret Sherwood.
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mixed their Colors, painted their Pictures and Miniatures,
tinted their Papers, made their Varnishes, etc. A Refer-
ence Book for the Artist, Collector, and Amateur. Newly
translated, with notes by CHRISTIANA HERRINGHAM. Post
8vo, cloth
net $2.00
THE LIBRARY SERIES.
Edited, with Introductions, by Dr. GARNETT, Keeper of
Printed Books in the British Museum. Crown 8vo, cloth.
Price Each Volume
net $1.75
NEW VOLUME.
Essays in Librarianship and Bibliography (Print-
ing British Museum Catalogue, Book Hunting in 17th Cen-
tury, Colophons of Early Printers, Librarianship in 17th
Century, etc.). By Dr. RICHARD GARNETT. 343 pages.
No. 1. The Free Library. By J.J. OGLE. 352 pages.
No. 2. Library Construction and Architecture.
By FRANK J. BURGOYNE. 141 illustrations.
No. 3. Library Administration. By J. MACFAR-
LANE. 244 pages.
No. 4. The Prices of Books. By H. B. WHEATLEY.
NAVAL YARNS.
Of Sea Fights and Wrecks, Pirates and Privateers, 1616-1831,
as Told by Men-of-Wars-Men, many now first printed.
Collected and edited by W. H. LONG, with illustrations
from contemporary prints. 12mo, oloth . . $1.50
A COCKNEY IN ARCADIA.
By HARRY A. SPURR. With colored frontispiece and 28
humorous illustrations by JOHN HASSALL and CECIL ALDIN.
12mo, ornamental el
241 pages
. . $1.25
This amusing volume tells of the adventures of a newly mar-
ried London couple who seek “Arcadia " in a small English
village. The different characters, amusements, ambitions,
and occupations of English country life are humorously and
truthfully described under the following headings : Our Pil-
grimage, Our Village, Our Home, Our Neighbor, A Village
Concert, Chickens, Some Guests, Town and Country, etc.
PROF. DANIEL GIRAUD ELLIOT'S EVER
POPULAR BIRD BOOKS.
North American Shore Birds. The Snipe, Sandpiper,
Plover, and their Allies. Profusely illustrated by full-page
drawings by EDWIN SHEPPARD. Post svo
$2.50
Game Birds of North America. The Partridge, Grouse,
Ptarmigan, Wild Turkey, etc. Profusely illustrated by
full-page drawings by EDWIN SHEPPARD. Post 8vo, $2,50
The Wild Fowl of the United States and British
Possessions. The Swan, Geese, Ducks, and Mergansers
of North America. Portrait and 63 illustrations of every
species described. Post Svo
$2.50
This is the third and last volume of Prof. Elliot's valuable
popular Ornithological Works, and completes the Game Bird
Series. Published uniform with “North American Shore
Birds” and “Game Birds."
WEATHER LORE.
A Collection of Proverbs, Sayings, and Rules, with folding
chart of Cloud Forms. By RICHARD INWARDS, Pres. of
the Royal Meteorological Society. Third edition, revised
and augmented. 8vo.
$2.50
275 pages.
THE ROMANCE OF BOOK COLLECTING.
With account of Book Hunters and Book Lovers, Ancient
and Modern. By J. HERBERT SLATER, editor of " Book
Prices Current." 12mo
$1.75
.
Catalogues of Rare and Standard Books mailed on application. Libraries Purchased.
FRANCIS P. HARPER, 14 West Twenty-second Street, New York.


1899.]
295
THE DIAL
MESSRS. BADGER'S NEW FICTION
“ A vigorous book by a man with stuff in him.”— Pall Mall GAZETTE.
THE HOUSE OF THE SORCERER
A Novel. By HALDANE McFall. With frontispiece. 12mo, $1.25.
The scene of this remarkable and somewhat startling novel is laid in the West Indies, where the author
was for many years an officer in a Zouave regiment. It is the most powerfully realistic representation of
negro life ever written, and must certainly become one of the most widely discussed volumes of the year.
AN AMERICAN OPINION.
The Commercial Advertiser (New York): “Mr. McFall has drawn a tense, pitiless picture of the supersti-
tion, sensuality, and general abasement of a type which in lacking sex-honor,' lacks, he thinks, the keystone
of civilization. There is much in this book which is not agreeable reading; yet there is an undeniable fascin-
ation in his portrayal of the intense, pulsating, animal life of the tropics; while the remarkable incantation
scene in the tenth chapter, where the Widow Tiffles becomes possessed of a devil,' in the manner of treat-
ment forcibly suggests the much-praised pilgrimage scene in D'Annunzio's Triondo della Morte. There is no
question that the book is bound to attract attention as something unique in contemporary fiction.”
SOME ENGLISH OPINIONS.
The London Times : “Paints the nigger to the life.” | The Saturday Review: “An extraordinary story."
The Daily News : “ A vital study, wrought with swift strong strokes."
The Bookman : From the first paragraph this novel must arrest the attention of such as care for good
writing in their fiction, and are sensible to power and truth in the description of the external world. It is alto-
gether an exceptional book.
SOME MORE GOOD FICTION.
A BEAUTIFUL ALIEN
A Novel. By JULIA MAGRUDER. With frontispiece. 12mo, $1.25. Second Impression.
The first large edition of this delightful novel was exhausted within three weeks of publication, and it is
everywhere acknowledged to be the best work of this popular author.
OLD MADAME AND OTHER TRAGEDIES
A Volume of “Little Novels.” By HARRIETT PRESCOTT SPOFFORD. 330 pp., 12mo, $1.25.
This volume contains five novelettes, and the publishers believe that work showing more sustained power
and genuine strength has seldom been offered to the public.
CAPE OF STORMS
A Novel. By PERCIVAL POLLARD. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.25. A thoroughly good piece of work.
PEPYS'S GHOST
His Wanderings in Greater Gotham, His Adventures in the Spanish War, together with His Minor
Exploits in the Field of Love and Fashion, and His Thoughts Thereon. Now recyphered and here
set down, with many annotations, by Edwin EMERSON, Jr. Narrow 16mo, old style boards, $1.25.
VASSAR STORIES
College Stories. By GRACE MARGARET GALLAHER. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.25.
The publishers believe this to be the first attempt to depict with any degree of fidelity the student life in
any particular girls' college, and the author has been very happy in her selection of subjects and in her treat-
ment of them. Miss Gallaher will be remembered as the winner of the prize for short stories in the Century
Magazine's recent competition. The book is illustrated by some fifteen illustrations of interesting and unhack-
neyed views of the college and its surroundings. With a frontispiece in color.
CAMP ARCADY
A Story for Girls. By FLOY CAMPBELL. Illustrated. 16mo, 75 cents.
A Story of Art Life in New York City. The Kansas City Star says of the book: “A brighter, jollier lot
of girls never lived.” Mr. Edward Bok, editor of The Ladies' Home Journal, commends the story highly. He
says: “ It is a capital story, spirited and true to the life it depicts.”
OF ALL BOOKSELLERS, OR SENT, POSTPAID ON RECEIPT OF PRICE BY
RICHARD G. BADGER & COMPANY,
COMPANY, BOSTON


296
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
LITTLE, BROWN, & COMPANY'S
NEW FICTION.
THE SWORD OF JUSTICE.
By SHEPPARD STEVENS, Author of “I Am the King.” 16mo, decorated cloth, $1.25.
The historical portion of this story deals with the destruction of the Huguenots by Menendez at Fort Caroline,
Florida, and their avenging by Dominique de Gourgues. The story tells of Pierre Debré, who was adopted as a
son by the Indian chief, Satouriona, and of his love for Eugenie Brissot, another Huguenot, taken captive by the
Spaniards. Romantic use is made of Indian scenes and customs. The tale is noble in tone, finely conceived, and
moves with continuous interest.
FROM KINGDOM TO COLONY.
By Mary DEVEREUX. With illustrations by Henry Sandham. 12mo, decorated cloth, $1.50.
A story of the quaint old town of Marblehead in the early days of the Revolution. The wilful and brave
little heroine is a delightfully inconsistent and fascinating character. Washington plays a part in the romance.
THE BRONZE BUDDHA.
By CORA LINN DANIELS. 12mo, decorated cloth, $1.50.
“An occult romance dealing with the mysterious disappearance of a bronze copy of Buddha in New York
City and its connection with a temple in India — a tale involving an absorbing love story and full of unusual
descriptions of strange scenes. The reader's interest is held from the first page to the last in fascinated atten-
tion.”— LILIAN WAITING in Chicago Inter Ocean.
06
INVISIBLE LINKS.
SARAGOSSA:
By SELMA LAGERLÖF, author of “ The Story of Gösta
A STORY OF SPANISH VALOR.
Berling,"
;" « The Miracles of Antichrist,” etc. Trans By B. PEREZ GALDÓS. Translated from the original
lated from the Swedish by Pauline Bancroft Flach. by Minna Caroline Smith. 12mo, decorated cloth,
Crown 8vo, decorated cloth, $1.50.
$1.50.
“Little classics.”— St. Louis Globe Democrat.
Already men point to Saragossa, calling her 'Spain.'"-
"In poetic feeling these stories are quite equal to the Napier's Peninsular War.
best passages in 'The Story of Gösta Berling.'"- New York
Times.
FILE NO. 113.
“Short stories that are marvellous for their sweetness, By EMILE GABORIAC. An entirely new translation by
beauty, and strength."-Beacon (Boston).
George Burnham Ives. 12mo, cloth, gilt, $1.50.
BRUNO.
BEHIND THE VEIL.
By BYRD SPILMAN DEWEY. 16mo, decorated cloth,
75 cents.
18mo, cloth, 75 cents.
A story curiously in harmony with the speculative
A singularly sweet and natural story of a dog. Bruno
enters a family with two happy young married people, inquiry of the day regarding the nature of life after
to whom he gives his care and sympathy. The story hath not seen,” yet the reader intuitively feels the real-
death. Its scenery and events are those of which "eye
will win the interest of all classes of readers.
ity of the narrative. Its evident truth appeals alike to
his reason and his intuition. The conversation between
PASTELS OF MEN.
the man who wakens to find that he has passed into the
By Paul BOURGET. Translated by Katharine Prescott new life and his friend who meets him is full of simple
Wormeley. New edition. With portrait. 12mo, information. The style is very winning, and the book
decorated cloth, $1.50.
is one to create as well as to meet a wide demand.
New Portrait Catalogue and Illustrated Catalogue of Books for the Young
will be sent on application.
LITTLE, BROWN, & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS,
254 WASHINGTON STREET, BOSTON, MASS.


1899.]
297
THE DIAL
BRIEF MEMOIRS OF EMINENT AMERICANS.
THE
BEACON
BIOGRAPHIES.
Edited by M. A. DeWolfe Howe.
The following volumes are published this Fall:
John Brown,
Frederick Douglass,
By Joseph Edgar Chamberlain.
By Charles W. Chesnutt.
Aaron Burr,
Nathaniel Hawthorne,
By Henry Childs Merwin.
By Mrs. James T. Fields.
Thomas Paine, By Ellery Sedgwick.
The following were issued in the Spring :
Phillips Brooks,
Robert E. Lee,
By the Editor.
By W. P. Trent,
David G. Farragut,
James Russell Lowell,
By James Barnes.
By Edward Everett Hale, Jr.
Daniel Webster, By Norman Hapgood.
Among those in preparation are:
John James Audubon,
James Fenimore Cooper,
By John Burroughs.
By W. B. Shubrick Clymer.
Edwin Booth,
Benjamin Franklin.
By Charles Townsend Copeland.
By Lindsay Swift.
Sam Houston, By Sarah Barnwell Elliott.
THIS
HE BEACON BIOGRAPHIES were issued to meet what in the opinion of the Editor and the Pub-
lishers, was a direct need in American literature,— a series of brief, well-written, readable, and
authoritative biographies of eminent Americans, to include, in the end, all whose lives were notably dis-
tinctive or typical.
In respect of manufacture, the Publishers have attempted to make a set of " little books” which should
worthily compete, in all points of style and workmanlike thoroughness, with any of the well-known series
which are made in England. Each volume measures 34 x 54 inches, and is thus of a size to go handily
into the pocket. The cover (in blind and gold on limp blue cloth) is by Mr. Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue,
who bas done also the standing title-page for the series, which has been engraved on copper. The frontis-
piece portrait which accompanies each is in photogravure. The paper has been selected with great care,
and the type used is a new face specially cut.
The notices of the Beacon Biographies in the reviews have been complimentary to a high degree. Thus
the Boston Herald says: “There is neither romanticism nor realism in the treatment; the effort is always
toward the sanest, fairest, soundest reality.” “As carefully prepared,” says the New York Times, “as if they
were so many imperial quartos.” “ The form of these little volumes,” according to the Nation, “and the
general tastefulness of the get-up are delectable.” “ They do more than languidly interest," says the
Outlook, “ they interest vividly; and their instruction is surprisingly comprehensive." The Churchman ex-
tends “ a hearty welcome to this useful little series, which should bring many who shrink from attempting
long volumes to a better knowledge of the men who have impressed their personality on the history of their
country or the character of their countrymen.” And the Review of Reviews says: “ The five volumes thus
far issued wholly justify all the promises made by the publishers."
Price 75 Cents a Volume.
FOR SALE AT ALL BOOKSTORES AND BY THE PUBLISHERS,
SMALL, MAYNARD & COMPANY, BOSTON.


298
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
LONGMANS, GREEN, & Co.'s NEW BOOKS
PARSON KELLY: An Historical Story.
By A. E. W. MASON, author of “The Courtship of Morrice Buckler,” etc., and ANDREW LANG. With
frontispiece by GORDON BROWNE. Crown 8vo, cloth, ornamental, $1.50.
The story deals with the fortunes of an Irish Parson, without benifice, and a secret agent of the Pretender, in
the early days of George I. The scenes are laid largely in England, and the author's pictures of London society
and of the varied intrigues of that stirring time are graphic and striking. A pretty love story runs through the
book and adds much to the reader's satisfaction as well as to that of the Parson.
«« Parson Kelly'is a beguiling variation on the old delightful theme. ... Mr. Lang has brought to the com-
position of this novel so much historical lore, so much insight into the Jacobite comedy, so much sympathy for the
actors in it, both major and obscure, that the book is alive with true romance. The Prince scarcely appears, yet
the air of plot and counterplot, of brave deeds and shabby intrigue, in which he and his house are enveloped,
breathes from every page. : . . Historical knowledge and imaginative power are in • Parson Kelly' blended into
a remarkably compact and plausible unit.”—New York Tribune.
TUNISIA and the Modern Barbary Pirates.
QUEEN ELIZABETH.
With a Chapter on the Vilayet of Tripoli. By HERBERT By the Right Hon, and Right Rev. MANDELL CREIGHTON,
VIVIAN, M.A., Officer of the Royal Order of Takovo, author
of “Servia," etc. With over 70 illustrations from Photo-
D.D., Lord Bishop of London. With Portrait in Photo-
graphs and a Map of Tunis. 8vo, pp. xvi.-341, $4.00.
gravure. Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, $1.50.
BUILDERS OF GREAT BRITAIN. (New Volume.) “By far the best study of the Queen's character and policy
ADMIRAL PHILLIP,
that exists."-Guardian.
The Founding of New South Wales.
" It will be appreciated as embodying the matured opinions
By Louis BECKE and WALTER JEFFERY. With Portrait of
of a thoroughly competent, level-headed, wisely read his-
Phillip and Two Maps. Crown 8vo, pp. xx.-336, $1.50.
torian."-Bookman.
Outlines of Theoretical Chemistry.
By LOTHAR MEYER, Professor of Chemistry in the University of Tübingen. Translated by P. PAILLIPS Bedson,
D.Sc., Lond., B.Sc., Vict., F.C.S., Professor of Chemistry, Durbam College of Science, Newcastle-on-Tyne,
and W. CARLETON WILLIAMS, B.Sc., Vict., F.C.S., Professor of Chemistry in the University College, Sheffield.
Second Edition. With a Preface by the Author. 8vo, $2.50 net.
Common Sense in Education and Teaching.
By P. A. BARNETT, M.A., H.M.. Assistant Inspector of Training Colleges and examiner in practical Teaching
for the Cambridge Training Syndicate ; formerly Principal of the Isleworth Training College for School-
masters. Crown 8vo, $1.50.
This volume is based on a systematic course of lectures delivered in 1898. The lectures have been re-written and enlarged,
and additional matter treated, so as to form a complete introduction to the study of current problems of teaching and school
practice.
A Short History of the Progress of Scientific Chemistry in
Our Own Times.
By WILLIAM A. TILDEN, D.Sc., Lond.; D.Sc., Dub.; F.R.S.; Fellow of the University of London; Professor of
Chemistry in the Royal College of Science, London. Crown 8vo, $1.50.
The Works of Henry Kingsley.
12 Volumes. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, gilt top, each volume $1.25.
Well printed on good paper from type specially cast. Edited by Clement K. Shorter. With frontispieces by
Gordon Browne, R. Caton Woodville, Herbert Railton, Lancelot Speed, G. M. Henton, Walter Paget, Holland
Tringham, Robert Sauber, W. H. Overend, and A. Forestier.
The Recollections of Geoffry Hamlyn. Mlle. Mathilde,
Stretton.
Old Margaret, and Other Stories.
Austin Elliot, and The Harveys.
Valentin, and Number Seventeen.
Ravenshoe.
Oakshott Castle, and The Grange Garden.
The Hillyars and the Burtons.
Reginald Hetherege, and Leighton Court.
Silcote of Silcotes.
The Boy in Grey, and Other Stories.
"In his adopted land 'Geoffry Hamlyn'is held to be one of the most delightfully Australian specimens of all local
fiction' and the author's name appears constantly at the head of the list of Australian writers. Of late in England and America
the tide has turned in his favor, and critics of such diverse tastes as Mr. Swinburne, Mr. James Payn, Mr. Andrew Lang, and
Mr. Augustine Birrell, are united in appreciation of his work."
LONGMANS, GREEN, & Co., Publishers, 91-93 Fifth Ave., New York.


1899.]
299
THE DIAL
NEW “OXFORD” EDITIONS
The Most Exquisite Editions of Prayers and
Hymnals Yet Published.
Published in July, 1899.
The “ Oxford”
Elongated Red Rubric
Editions
of Prayer Books and Hymnals.
This is the Gem of all Editions. Superbly Printed on Fine
White and the Famous “Oxford ” India Paper.
.
Now Ready!
Twenty New Copyright Editions.
“Oxford” Teachers' Bibles,
And Authorized American Editions.
With new Helps, Maps, and 124 Full-page Plates.
The Best Paper. The Best Binding. The Best Printing.
THE HELPS.
The Christian Advocate, Nashville, says: “The helps
are real helps. Unlike those in many of the cheap Bibles,
they are not simply thrown together in hodge-podge
fashion, but represent the freshest and ablest work of the
foremost modern scholars."
THE ILLUSTRATIONS.
The Sunday School Times, September 17, 1898, says:
“In this department this Bible is probably far superior
to any other of those commonly called teachers' Bibles."
IN ACTUAL USE.
“I want to emphasize the value of this book, since I
know it by personal experience. The helps of the Oxford
Bible are really what they are called. ... On the whole,
I think it is the best for the average teacher."- Rev. Dr.
A. F. Schauffler.
IMPORTANT NOTICE!
Also a New Edition of
Oxford” Minion 48mo Prayer Book.
The largest type 48mo Prayer Book in the market. These
new editions, with the
New Oxford” Long Primer 24m0
and New Pica 12mo
Issued during the past year, places the
" OXFORD" PRAYER BOOK AND HYMNAL LINE IN
ADVANCE OF ALL OTHERS.
THE CLARENDON PRESS
JUST PUBLISHED.
Great Britain and Hanover.
Some Aspects of the Personal Union. Being the Ford Lec-
tures delivered in the University of Oxford, Hilary Term,
1899. By ADOLPHUS WILLIAM WARD, Litt.D. Crown 8vo,
paper boards, $1.25.
JUST PUBLISHED.-New Volume in the "Rulers of India" Series.
Babad.
By STANLEY LANE-POOLE, M.A. Crown 8vo, cloth, 60 cts.
A Catalogue of the Cyprus Museum.
With a Chronicle of Excavations undertaken since the British
Occupation and Introductory Notes on Cypriote Archæology.
By John L. MYRES, M.A., F.S.A., F.R.G.S., and MaxOHNE-
FALSCH-RICHTER, Ph.D. 8vo, cloth, with 8 plates, $2.25.
The Constitutional Documents of the
Puritan Revolution, 1625-1660.
Selected and edited by SAMUEL RAWBON GARDINER, M.A.,
D.C.L. Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged. Crown
8vo, cloth, $2,60.
Modern Land Law.
By EDWARD JENKS, M.A. 8vo, cloth, $3.75.
This book, which is uniform with and on the same lines as
Sir William Anson's well-known work on the Law of Contract,
is the result of Mr. Jenks's many years' experience as a
teacher of Real Property Law; and presents in clear and
compact form a comprehensive outline of the subject, which
can afterwards be filled in by the study of larger and more
technical treatises.
THE STANDARD HISTORY.
The History of the London Missionary
Society, 1795-1895.
By RICHARD LOVETT, M.A. With Portraits and Maps. In
two volumes. 8vo, cloth, $6.25.
No complete record of the society's origin and work has
hitherto existed.
Studies in Dante.
Second Series. Miscellaneous Essays. By EDWARD MOORE,
D.D. 8vo, cloth, $3.10.
“The relation of the present collection of Studies to that
which was published three years ago is that of another Series
rather than that of a Second Volume. I have endeavored to
make them as far as possible independent of one another, since
some of the various subjects here treated of may (it is hoped)
have an interest for many who would not care to purchase a
volume entirely devoted to a subiect so special and technical
as the use by Dante of Scriptural and classical authors."
From the Preface.
An Introduction to the Fifth Book of
Hooker's Treatise of the Laws of
Ecclesiastical Polity.
By the Very Rev. FRANCIS PAGET, D.D., Dean of Christ
Church. Medium 8vo, cloth, $1.90.
For the convenience of purchasers, Vol. II. of the Three-
Volume Edition of Hooker's Works (Ecclesiastical Polity,
Book V.), edited by Drs. Keeble, Church, and Paget, is sold
separately, price, $3.00.
FOR SALE BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. SEND FOR CATALOGUE.
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS (American Branch), 91 & 93 Fifth Avenue, New York.


300
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
Brentano's New
Books
HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO.'S
NEW BOOKS.
The Standard Operaglass
By CHARLES ANXESLEY. With a Prelude by James
Huneker, containing the Detailed Plots of 123 Cele-
brated Operas, with Critical and Biographical Re-
marks, Dates, etc. A valuable handbook for all
music lovers. 12mo, cloth, gilt top, $1.50.
Cashel Byron's Profession
By G. BERNARD SHAW. A Clever and Whimsical
Study of English Social Life. By the author of
“ Plays, Pleasant and Unpleasant.” The work fairly
bristles with wit from beginning to end, but the ut-
most good sense lies at the bottom of the story.
12mo, cloth, $1.25.
A Silent Singer
A collection of eleven stories by CLARA MORRIS, the
distinguished actress. They are studies full of pathos,
humor,
and ingenious literary invention. 12mo, illum-
inated cloth, $1.25.
The Shellback
By Alec J. Boyd. Is a thrilling story of life on the
sea in the last generation, and gives a vivid picture
of conditions that are fast vanishing. Morgan Robert-
son, the well-known writer of sea tales, contributes
an Introduction. 12mo, cloth, illustrated, $1.50.
THE MARBLE FAUN.
By NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE. Roman Edition. Illus-
trated with 48 reproductions of carefully selected re-
cent photographs of famous sculptures, paintings, and
bistoric localities. Carefully printed, tastefully bound.
2 vols. 16mo, gilt top, $3.00.
BACKLOG STUDIES.
By CHARLES DUDLEY WARNER. Holiday Edition.
With 12 illustrations and 13 headpieces by EDMUND
H. GARRETT. 12mo, $2.00.
Special Limited Edition of 250 copies printed on
Holland hand-made paper. 85.00 net.
This is a beautiful edition of one of Mr. Warner's most delightful
books, and a peculiarly attractive gift volume.
THE TENT ON THE BEACH.
By John G. WHITTIER. Holiday Edition. With rubri-
cated initials and 12 full-page illustrations by CHAS.
H. and Marcia 0. WOODBURY. 12mo, $1.50.
Mr. and Mrs. Woodbury's illustrations, which are highly appropriate
and artistic, lend special charm to the volume.
RELIGIO PICTORIS.
By HELEN BIGELOW MERRIMAN, author of “What Shall
Make Us Whole ?” Artistically printed and bound.
12mo, $1.50.
Mrs. Merriman's book shows, from the standpoint of the artist, the
fundamental unity between things material and spiritual. It deals with
the problems of life and religion in a profound and illuminating way.
THE LITTLE FIG-TREE STORIES.
Nine capital stories, written and illustrated by MARY
HALLOCK FOOTE. Decorative cover. Sq. 12mo, $1.
THE QUEEN'S TWIN, and Other Stories.
By SARAH ORNE JEWETT, author of “ The Country of
the Pointed Firs." 16mo, $1.25.
This volume contains Miss Jewett's latest and some of her best -
short stories. Two of these are additional chapters in the narrative of
"The Country of the Pointed Firs."
THE OTHER FELLOW.
By F. HOPKINSON SMITH. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.50.
Eleven short stories, told with the dash, the dramatic effect, and
the practiced skill of his other volumes. The book is so well illustrated
and so tastefully bound that it easily falls into the ranks of gift volumes.
A PRETTY TORY.
By JEANIE GOULD LINCOLN. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.50.
A story of the Revolution, of Marion's Men, General Morgan, the
Battle of Cow pens, including a charming love story.
DOROTHY AND HER FRIENDS.
A delightful continuation of “ Dorothy Deane." By
ELLEN OLNEY KIRK, author of “ The Story of Mar-
garet Kent." With a decorative cover and illustra-
tions. 16mo, $1.25.
THE MARTYRS' IDYL, and Shorter Poems.
By LOUISE IMOGEN GUINEY, author of “ A Roadside
Harp," etc. 16mo, gilt top, $1.00.
A book of genuine poetry, including a dramatic poem of considerable
length and about twenty-five shorter poems, thoughtful, original, and
lyrical
THE END OF AN ERA.
By John S. WISE. Large crown 8vo, $2.00.
The era here described is that which for the Southern States came
to an end with the surrender of General Johnston to General Sherman
in 1865. The book gives a remarkably vivid and accurate inside view
of the Confederacy, and is at once very valuable and interesting.
One of Cleopatra's Nights
By THEOPHILE GAUTIER. Translated by Lafcadio
Hearn. This collection of remarkable translations
has been inaccessible in any good edition for some
time. New plates have been made and many orig-
inal head and tail pieces added 12mo, cloth, gilt
top, $1.50.
In Friendship's Name
What Makes a Friend?
Two volumes compiled by VOLNEY STREAMER. Bound
in white parchment covers. Boxed, each, $1.25.
“These dainty little volumes contain selections from the
writings of wise men in all ages of the world on the subject
of friendship. It is a string of pearls, and the compiler has
laid a wide reading under contribution in forming it. Every
reader will find some favorite quotation or one to be made a
favorite to cling to the memory forever."'- Chicago l'imes-
Herald.
The Night Before Christmas
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302
(Nov. 1,
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304
(Nov. 1, 1899.
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THE DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of
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on application. All communications should be addressed to
THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago.
No. 321.
NOV. 1, 1899.
Vol. XXVII.
CONTENTS.
PAOL
IDIOM AND IDEAL .
305
POE COMING TO HIS KINGDOM. Henry Austin 307
.
.
COMMUNICATIONS
308
The Meaning of “The Man with the Hoe.” Gran-
ville Davisson Hall.
Hast Thou Seen Your Father? W. H. Carruth.
A MEMOIR OF DEAN LIDDELL. E. G. J.
310
•
THE HEART OF THE CIVIL WAR. Francis
Wayland Shepardson.
312
IDIOM AND IDEAL.
Elizabeth Barrett, in one of her letters to
Robert Browning, asked him whether he con-
sidered “the sailor - idiom to be lawful in
poetry,” adding that, for her part, she does
not. The reply runs as follows: “The Sailor
Language is good in its way; but as wrongly
used in Art as real clay and mud would be, if
one plastered them in the foreground of a land-
scape
in order to attain to so much truth.” To all
of this Miss Barrett assents, remarking further
that " art without an ideal is neither nature nor
art. The question involves the whole difference
between Madame Tussaud and Phidias."
The question of æsthetics thus raised is one
of peculiar interest to the present period, and
has become far more burning than it could
have been when the above correspondence was
exchanged. There are few features of the re-
cent literary situation as noteworthy as the large
production and wide vogue of writings which
exploit some special form of idiom and rely for
their main interest upon the appeal to curiosity
thus made. The idiom of the sailor and the
soldier, the rustic and the mechanic, have el-
bowed their way into literature, and demand
their share of the attention hitherto accorded
chiefly to educated speech. The normal type
of English expression has to jostle for recog-
nition with the local and abnormal types of the
Scotchman and the Irishman, the negro and the
baboo, and, in our own country particularly,
with such uncouth mixtures as those of the
German - American and Scandinavian - Ameri.
can. Examples lie upon every hand. We
think at once of the “ kailyard " group of story-
tellers, of “Mr. Dooley” and Mr. Seumas Mc-
Manus, of Mr. J. W. Riley and “Charles Eg-
bert Craddock," and, foremost among all these
phenomena, of the writings of Mr. Kipling.
An observer who looks beyond the momen-
tary caprices of literary fashion is compelled to
ask, in the contemplation of so great a volume
of dialect and specialized jargon, whether this.
sort of work can claim to be literature in
any
high sense of the term. Does the speech of
Tommy Atkins and Marse Chan, the dialect
of Drumtochty and Donegal, the locution of
the Hoosier farmer and the Bowery tough,
have anything of the antiseptic quality that
IBSEN AND BJÖRNSON. William Morton Payne . 314
.
RECENT BOOKS OF TRAVEL. H. M. Stanley 316
Englehardt's A Russian Province of the North.-
Meldrum's Holland and the Hollanders.-- Vivian's
Tunisia and the Modern Barbary Pirates.-Gibson's
Sketches in Egypt.- Neufeld's A Prisoner of the
Khaleefa.- Kavageorgevitch's Enchanted India.-
Foss's From the Himalayas to the Equator. --Shoe-
maker's Quaint Corners of Ancient Empires.— Mrs.
Little's Intimate China. - Whitney's Hawaiian-
America.- Kirk's Twelve Months in Klondike.
.
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
319
Methods and materials of literary criticism.-France's
solace from Solferino.- Essays on poetry, politics,
and religion.— The earlier plays of M. Rostand.-
“ Fisherman's Luck" and other stories. — Some
aspects of modern life.-Two volumes of Captain
Gronow.- A history of Freethought.- Letters to a
friend, by Emerson.— England's Abbey pictured and
described.-Stories of the Railroad and Telegraph.
BRIEFER MENTION
323
.
.
.
.
.
LITERARY NOTES
324
.
.
.
.
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
325
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
325
.
.


306
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
preserves a story or a poem and enables it to which nine out of ten of his vociferous ad.
delight successive generations of readers. The mirers have in mind when they proclaim him a
history of our literature is fairly instructive poet after their own heart; and it is the Mul-
upon this point. With few exceptions, the vaney sort of story, rather than “The Finest
writings of the past that have relied mainly Story in the World,” that they are really
upon their use of an abnormal idiom have thinking of when they assert that he is first
passed completely out of the memory of men. and the rest nowhere among story-tellers. A
It is true that such a novel as “ The Anti vogue that is based upon such judgments as
quary ." and such a poem as “The Northern these has a precarious vitality, and the reasons
Farmer” have assured places among the works for which Mr. Kipling will be held in honor-
that live, but how easy it is to see that their able literary remembrance are very different
idiom is merely an accident of their production, from those that determine his present popu-
and not the determining motive. They survive larity. It may be said that “The Recessional”
in spite of their departure from accepted modes affords common ground upon which the man of
of expression, and not in consequence thereof. taste and the groundling may stand in voicing
But nine-tenths of our latter-day jargon. the praises of its author. This is, no doubt, a
mongers have for their whole stock-in-trade fine poem, although not without obvious faults,
some grotesque form of English speech; strip and it is greatly to the credit of the uncritical
them of this, and the revelation of their poverty public that the poem found so responsive an
would be indeed pitiful. They offer novelty, echo in so many hearts. But when we find
and they amuse for an hour the novelty-seeking many of the same voices raised in praise of
section of the public. A little later, their books “The White Man's Burden,” apparently not
collect dust upon the library shelves, and the knowing the difference between the two, the
counter of the dry-goods store sees them no more. situation gives to think," as the French say.
The case of Mr. Kipling offers so typical an And when we hear “ The Recessional ” recited
illustration of the proposition with which we approvingly by men who deny that their own
are now concerned that it deserves close ex nation should ever, no matter how greatly it has
amination. We should be the last to deny the sinned, make the "ancient sacrifice" of "an hum-
noble qualities of Mr. Kipling's art in its finer ble and a contrite heart,” — by men, in short,
manifestations. While it almost never gives upon whose lips such words are blasphemy,
evidence of that labor lime of which the really we may see the difference between lip-service and
great masters are so lavish, its primesautier sympathetic appreciation of a poem, and take
quality, its downright energy and superb emo at something like its true value the popular esti-
tional appeal, compel our admiration, and mate of this particular poem and its author.
almost make us wish that the praise bestowed “The sailor language is good in its way,"
might be ungrudging. If we judge Mr. Kip as Browning said ; but it is not the way of
ling by his good work alone, as every poet has great literature. And the same observation
a right to be judged, he must be given a place holds true of the soldier language, and the
among the dozen or so of living English singers locomotive - driver language, and the Anglo-
who approach most closely the height now oc-
Indian language.
cupied in solitary eminence by Mr. Swinburne. "For it's Tommy this, an' Tommy that, an 'Chuck him out,
As a writer of prose narrative he has taken a
But it's 'Saviour of 'is country' when the guns begin to shoot ;
lesson from Mr. Bret Harte, and bettered the An' it's Tommy this, an' Tommy that, an' anything you
instruction. He is not one of the great novel-
please ;
An' Tommy ain't a bloomin' fool – you bet that Tommy
ists, but the best of his stories have a fair
chance of being read well along in the twentieth This sort of thing is amusing, and vigorous,
century. So much, and possibly more, must and even ethically sound; but it is not litera-
be accorded him by every sober-minded critic. ture, for it does not square with the sober defi-
But between this measured and deserved nitions. What, for example, has it to do with
praise on the one hand, and the wild acclaim Mr. Morley's “Literature consists of all the
of Mr. Kipling's present vogue on the other, books ... where moral truth and human pas-
there is a great gulf fixed. And when we sion are touched with a certain largeness, sanity,
come to inquire into the causes of the vogue, and attractiveness of form”? And what re-
we find that it has little to do with his best motest point of contact does it have with this
work. It is the “Danny Deever" sort of poem, statement of Pater's abstract æstheticism: “All
and not “The English Flag" sort of poem, art constantly aspires toward the condition of
the brute !
sees!


1899.]
307
THE DIAL
music — music, then, and not poetry, as is so the sons of Virginian gentry, honored his memory,
often supposed, is the true type or measure of
but chiefly itself, by celebrating on October seventh
perfected art"? Not merely does the bulk of the fiftieth anniversary of his untimely death, and
Mr. Kipling's work — and of the work of those by unveiling, with fitting ceremonies of prayer,
countless lesser writers among whom he occu-
poem, and address, a fine bust by an excellent
pies a typical position — fail to become art in sculptor, this long-delayed rendition of poetic justice,
this formal recognition in America of his world-wide
anything like this transcendental sense, but it
fame and genius, was made complete.
does not even seek to be art in the narrow sense
The choice of essayist for the occasion may
be
that takes literature to be a self-contained pro- fairly considered a happy inspiration on the part of
cess, with its own exclusive ideals. It does not the committee, Professors Kent and Harrison. Mr.
aim to be ideal at all, but tries to outdo the Hamilton W. Mabie rose to his theme easily, and
rudest realism hitherto known. Reverting once in the agreement of all brother critics who had the
more to Browning's trenchant comment, it pleasure of hearing him deliver his choicely chosen
plasters its clay and mud in the foreground of phrases, be surpassed all his former adventures in
the landscape, and wins a cheap popular ap-
the field of criticism. Mr. Mabie happily steered
plause for its deftness, while the judicious stand Charybdis of exaggeration where so many admirers
between the Scylla of loose laudation and the
apart and grieve at so violent a renunciation of
of Poe have been drowned, and at the same time
idealism. For art, to be art at all, must be he announced that Poe was entitled to the first place
ideal. While it is true that
in American letters by virtue of possessing a most
" Beyond that art
exacting literary conscience and producing works
Which you say adds to natare, is an art
of the clearest and finest art. His essay, which
That nature makes,"
will appear soon in the “ Atlantic Monthly," and to
it nevertheless remains the duty of the artist to
which I eagerly commend all readers of THE DIAL,
add to nature in the measure permitted by his was as convincing in its equations as it was tem-
imagination; failing in this task, or deliberately perate in its eloquence.
eschewing it, he is recreant to his calling, and But more convincing still as to Poe's position at
his work has no excuse for existence.
the present day were the letters which arrived from
all parts of the country, in which many of the most
justly distinguished men and women of the literary
POE COMING TO HIS KINGDOM.
craft paid cordial tribute to the great man whom
his own day and generation kept close on the brink
To one who tries to study Literature in the large, of starvation and stimulated to seek solace in those
it seems as if we were just now passing through one occasional excesses to which, most unfortunately,
of those irritating transition periods in which all he appears to have had a terrible pre-natal bias. It
standards are lowered or confused, in which Con was clear from those letters, too, that not only has
glomeration reigns, taste gets freaky or fantastical, the silly old sectional animosity, at the bottom of so
and True Art hides her head or goes to sleep. Of much general mischief and operant to a consider-
course, all periods are transitional; but some by able degree against Poe in his life, entirely vanished,
their accentuation acquire the especial name, when but that an almost absolute unanimity of opinion as
literary or historic annals are compiled, and balances to his literary merits has come in the literary world.
just, or approximate, are struck.
Few names of any importance or promise of perma-
But, irritating as the present period may or must nence were missing from the illustrious list of those
be to the subtlest nerves of criticism, it is not with whose letters hailed Poe as America's most illustrious
out its assuring signs, its cloudless promises. The writer and most luminous literary influence. Thus,
most cheering of present omens - more than an indeed, was verified by example Professor Minto's
omen; indeed, almost a right earnest. is the final apt dictum years ago : “ The feelings to which Poe
rendering of complete literary justice in the land of appeals are simple but universal, and he appeals to
his birth to that genuine man of letters whom the them with a force that has never been surpassed."
critical consensus of Europe has long acclaimed as Mr. Minto should have written "power" instead of
our greatest literary genius. The recognition is “ force.” The distinction is infinite, though fine; and
rather late, but, clearly, it is to be lasting. Edgar was never more applicable than in the case of Poe's
Allan Poe,—"the Yankee Yahoo," a stupid English writings. There is no blare of trumpets, no firing
reviewer once called him, " that jingle-man” Emer of rockets, in the main and mass of Poe's work.
son with unwonted blindness or bitterness labelled Nearly all are developed in the calm of a sure ele-
him, while Lowell, who knew better, spoke of him mental energy. Even his “pot-boilers ” bear traces
as “ three-fifths genius and two-fifths sheer fudge," of this power and of that splendid conscientiousness
- has come, at last, to his kingdom. When the on which Mr. Mabie did not harp any too much.
University of Virginia, the Alma Mater from which Such a vast amount of twaddle has been circu-
he was not expelled and where he was never cen lated about Poe's personal character, his bad habits,
-sured even for alleged vices then common among his lack of moral perceptions, his indifference to the


308
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
esteem of his fellow men, that one shrinks from to result from not uplike causes, in the darkening and
dignifying it with much attention or keeping alive not remote future even in this most favored land.
the poor little fames of Poe's chief libellers by In the first volume of Carlyle’s “ French Revolution,”
citing their names with their absurd accusations.
where he is digging down to the causes that underlay
Lowell's little outfling of unworthy spleen can be
the mighty convulsion which is the subject of his history,
he sees with reverted eye “ the twenty-five millions
easily forgiven. Poe forgave it in advance by de-
working people" of France “ with whom it is not so
fending Lowell from an English blackguard of the
well"; whom “we lump together," he says, “into a
pen, and proclaiming Lowell as one of the noblest
dim, compendious unity, monstrous but dim, far off, as
poets America had then produced. Emerson, who the canaille"; whom he follows “over broad France,
was a greater poet in the rough, to my mind, than into their clay hovels, into their garrets and hutches ";
Lowell, must be pardoned for his bitterness — Poe masses yet units, “ every unit of whom bas his own heart
had ridiculed his proneness to play Sir Oracle; or and sorrows; stands covered there with his own skin,"
possibly it was not bitterness, but a mere blindness
and who if you “prick him” will “ bleed." .
to Poe's art and a deafness to Poe's music. Yet Poe
“ Dreary, languid do these struggle in their obscure
remoteness; their hearth cheerless, their diet thin. For
was recognized in a measure, when alive, by men
them in this world rises no Era of Hope. . . . Untaught,
of real intellectual fibre. There is the recognition uncomforted, unfed! A dumb generation; their voice
of hostility as well as that of cordial appreciation only an inarticulate cry. . . . At rare intervals (as now
and friendship. Perhaps, too, there is in it more cer in 1775) they will fling down their boes and bammers,
tainty of permanent fame and influence. That Poe and to the astonishment of thinking mankind flock
enjoyed his isolation, to some degree, is not unlikely. hither and thither, dangerous, aimless; get the length
Some natures, though not unphilanthropic, are at-
even of Versailles"; where in May, 1775, in answer to
tuned for solitude: some talents ripen in the shade.
their Petition of Grievances, “two of them are hanged
There has been, it seems to me, considerable mis-
on a 'new gallows forty feet high,' and the rest driven
back to their dens - for a time.”
chief done to Poe and the cause of truth by the over-
Further along in the same chapter, the elder Mira-
zeal of some of his champions. The medial sound
beau describes the “Man with the Hoe" as he saw bim
fact of this whole matter appears to be that Poe,
from his lodgings at the Baths of Mt. D'Or:
though an almost perfect artist, scarcely deserved "The savages descending in torrents from the mountains
that any man should pray to him every morning as . . frightful men, or rather frightful wild animals, clad in
Baudelaire used to do; that Poe, though possessed of
jupes of coarse woolen, with large girdles of leather studded
many winning and gracious attributes when sane, did
with copper nails; of gigantic stature, heightened by high
wooden sabots ... their faces haggard and covered with
some dreadful and dreadfully strange things, when
their long greasy hair; the upper part of the visage waxing
not in sober sepses; that, as he happened to be a man pale, the lower distorting itself into the attempt at a cruel
of genius and temperament combative at all times, his laugh and a sort of ferocions impatience. And these people
flaws and failings, which would have passed compar-
pay the taille! And you want further to take their salt from
them! And you know not what it is you are stripping barer,
atively unnoticed in an ordinary person, got blazoned
or, as you call it, governing; what, by the spurt of your pen,
broadcast to the world.
HENRY AUSTIN.
in its cold, dastard indifference, you will fancy you can starve
always with impunity; always till the catastrophe come !"
Thus the old Marquis. And in the next chapter Carlyle:
“Before those five and twenty laboring millions could get
COMMUNICATIONS.
that haggardness of face, which old Mirabeau now looks on,
in a nation calling itself Christian and calling man the brother
THE MEANING OF "THE MAN WITH THE HOE." of man — what unspeakable, nigh-infinite Dishonesty in all
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
manner of Rulers, and appointed Watchers, spiritual and
The comment of your reviewer, in THE DIAL of Oct.
temporal, must there not through long ages have gone on
1, on Mr. Markham's poem of “The Man with the Hoe"
accumulating!”
is fairer than a great many things said on the subject,
It was such woes as these, cumulating through centu-
but still seems to me not quite to the point.
ries -- down to the States General, to the fall of the Bas-
“ The Man with the Hoe" as conceived by Millet
tille, to the later Terror, such woes as no other civilized
and understood by Mr. Markham, I suggest, is not the
country ever produced or endured — that Mr. Markham
product of ordinary social conditions nor the represen-
must have seen in Millet's distorted image of outraged
tative of the ordinary agricultural class. It is surely
humanity when he penned that last expressive stanza:
a misapprehension of Mr. Markham's thought to sup-
"O, masters, lords and rulers in all lands,
How will the future reckon with this man?
pose he meant to reflect on that class, that he looked
How answer his brute question in that hour
on Millet's delineation as typical of them, or that he
When whirlwinds of rebellion shake the world?
charged such a product to Labor.
How will it be with kingdoms and with kings —
It is not labor, duly rewarded and performed under
With those who shaped him to the thing he is
conditions benefitting the dignity of human nature, that When this dumb terror shall reply to God
produces the man depicted by the painter. It is op-
After the silence of the centuries ?."
pression — labor without compensation, the hardship History has recorded, in characters never to be ex-
and wrong of toil and sacrifice unrequited, an undue punged, the answer to this “brute question” when it
share of the burden of government — running through was asked in the stormy days of Louis Capet and Marie
long periods, that ripens such deadly fruit. Such were Antoinette; and we may depend that whenever and
the conditions that led, by a long and toilsome road, wherever - even if it should be in this “land of the
down to the French revolution. Mr. Markham, with the
a like question presents itself, the answer will
vision of a seer, sees the menace of related conditions, be of like character.
free"


1899.]
309
THE DIAL
Mr. Markham's poem is not only interpreted but Guinevere, Lancelot, and the others, but find no evident
justified by history and by economic philosophy. It is preference for one pronoun or another, and no distinction
an arraignment of forces that are gathering a menac in their application. Without citing the many changes
ing power for evil in this country. It is, in his own from one situation or speech to another, I will give a
words, “ A protest that is also a prophecy."
few illustrations of changes within one and the same
GRANVILLE DAVIDSON HALL. speech. The first is from “Gareth and Lynette," about
Glencoe, Ill., Oct. 18, 1899.
140 lines from the beginning, Bellicent speaking:
'Ay, go then, and ye must: only one proof,
HAST THOU SEEN YOUR FATHER ?
Before thou ask the King to make thee knight,
Of thine obedience and thy love to me,
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
Thy mother, I demand."
Is there anyone at all trained in speech who would
to-day use such a conjunction of pronouns as the above,
Or again, about line 740, Lancelot speaking :
or whose ear would not be offended by it if it were
“Nay, wherefore wilt thou go against the King,
For that did never he whereon ye rail,
read or spoken by another? Teachers of foreign lan-
But ever meekly served the King in thee."
guages are brought into such constant contact with the
offence through slovenly translations that they become
Again, some 95 lines further, the stranger baron speak-
perhaps morbidly sensitive to it. Therefore I ask the
ing to Gareth:
“Good now, ye have saved a life
question seriously. Inasmuch as neither thou' nor'ye' Worth somewhat as the cleanser of this wood.
is any longer used in common speech, our feeling for And fain would I reward thee worshipfully.
the pice use of them is of course less quick and instinct What guerdon will ye?"
ive than in the case of, let us say, verbal agreement. Finally, to pass from this idyl, about 108 lines from the
The general distinctions between the three pronouns end, Lynette speaking to Garetb:
of the second person, especially as observed in earlier “I curse the tongue that all thro' yesterday
stages of the language, are familiar enough: “thou' Reviled thee, and hath wrought on Lancelot now
from superiors to inferiors, among equals when intimate,
To lend thee horse and shield: wonders ye have done ;
and for the familiarity of endearment or contempt;
Miracles ye cannot: here is glory enow
'ye' from inferiors to superiors, and of course as the
In having flung the three: I see thee maimed,
plural of thou'; you,' originally the encroachment of
Mangled : I swear thou canst not fling the fourth."
the oblique cases of ‘ye’ upon the nominative, then the
It may be noted here that neither in “Gareth and
formal and polite plural and singular where the feeling Lynette,” nor in “Geraint and Enid,” nor in any other
for thou' or 'ye' was not strong, and finally the sole
case in which there is an estrangement or a misunder-
customary form both singular and plural. In literature standing, followed by a reconciliation, is there any
the use of thou' and 'ye,' singular and plural respect-
change in the pronouns of address corresponding to
ively, secures the general effect of elevation ; while the change in moods and relations.
there is more or less attempt to retain the old distinc-
Similar passages could be quoted from almost any of
tion between “thou' and 'ye' singular, the result of the
the Idyls, but I will content myself with a few more
latter usage being a degree of archaism. When a
examples, from “ The Last Tournament.” Thus, in the
transition is made from you' to 'thou’or ye,' it is third paragraph, Arthur to Guinevere:
common to seek for a corresponding change in attitude
“Peace to thine eagle-borne
on the part of the speaker.
Dead nestling, and this honor after death,
But it will not do to insist upon intention in this
Following thy will! But, O my queen, I muse
Why yo not wear on arm or neck or zone
direction, even in the best writers. No writer of our
Those diamonds that I rescued from the tarn,
time has written more in the loftiest tone than Tennyson.
And Lancelot won, methought, for thee to wear.
In “ The Idyls of the King," not only is there the gen-
In her reply to this, Guinevere, in addressing the King,
eral elevation of style which is expected in the epic and
uses all three pronouns in the course of twelve lines.
the heroic drama, but there is a studied arcbaism which
And further on, in the dialogue between Tristram and
would warrant us in anticipating the nice distinctions
Dagonet, the latter says:
of the older stages of the language. But the master
“Knight, an ye fling those rubies round my neck
has disappointed me so sorely that I almost hesitate to
In lieu of hers, I'll hold thou hast some touch
criticize any longer even such a sentence as that which
Of music, since I care not for thy pearls.
I have used for a title to this note. "Thou,''thyself,'
you,' 'yourself,' and 'ye' are used almost if not Swine, say ye? swine, goats, asses, rams, and geese
altogether without discrimination. The only limitation Trooped round a Paynim harper once, who thrummed
that even looks like a distinction is in the language used
On such a wire as musically as thon
by and to Arthur. Of eighteen persons to whom he
Some such fine song - but never a king's fool.”.
speaks, he uses thou 'alone to thirteen. The exceptions The only case which is not to be found in the Idyls is
are Guinevere, to whom in “ Elaine" he uses thon,'«ye,'
that of two different pronouns in one and the same
and you'; Lynette, to whom he uses both thou' and
clause. But the only difference between an example
'ye'; Geraint, to whom he uses only.ye'; and Gawain,
like that in the heading of this note and those I have
to whom he uses all three of the simple forms. Arthur
cited is that the solecism is more obvious the closer
uses ‘ye’and you ’in but three idyls —“Elaine," « The together the pronouns stand.
Last Tournament,” and “Gareth and Lynette.” On the
I have asked myself how it was possible to read the
other hand, of eighteen persons who speak to Arthur,
Idyls, as I did for years, without being offended by this
only three use any pronoun but thou.' These are Guine usage, which would certainly bave annoyed me in a stu-
vere, who uses all three, in “Guinevere" and " The Last
dent or a lesser poet. My only explanation is that the spell
Tournament"; Lancelot, who in “Guinevere ” once uses of the splendid style was so strong upon me as to to blind
'you'; and Gareth, who uses thou' and 'ye.'
me to such minor matters. W. H. CARRUTA,
I have examined the numerical balance in the case of The University of Kansas, Oct. 25, 1899,
.
.


310
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
“ He never attempted to learn the lesson, never ex-
The New Books.
erted himself to grapple with Horace. We spent our
time mostly in drawing, with such skill as we could
command. [In later life] he often used to join Mrs.
A MEMOIR OF DEAN LIDDELL.*
Liddell and myself when riding in Rotten Row. On
one occasion he turned to her and said: “Your husband
Dr. Thompson modestly styles his compact ruined all my prospects in life; he did all my Latin
and matterful memoir of the late Dean of verses for me, and I lost all opportunities of self-
Christ Church a compilation, inasmuch as its
improvement. . . . At this time “Vanity Fair' was
coming out. He used to talk about it, and what he
texture largely consists of letters to and from
should do with the persons. Mrs. Liddell one day said,
the Dean, together with recollections gathered Oh, Mr. Thackeray, you must let Dobbin marry
from former friends and colleagues who are Amelia.' Well, he replied, he shall; and when he
particularly well qualified to speak of him, and has got her, he will not and her worth having.'»
an autobiographical fragment treating of his Despite the dismal prediction of the master,
earlier years and extending to 183
and the trifling with Thackeray, Liddell left
material, with just the necessary amplification, Charterhouse well trained in Greek and Latin,
is marshalled with good judgment, largely in though within a narrow range of authors. In
logical rather than chronological order, and 1830 he went up to Christ Church, and a long
with a sense of the uses and virtues of literary course of hard reading, rewarded from time to
compression and editorial sifting that one duly time by academic triumphs and substantial pre-
appreciates in a day when overgrown biog- ferments, followed.
raphies are by no means exceptional. As a re In 1833 Liddell gained a Double First Class
sult, we get a solid and satisfying volume of in the Final Examination, and in January,
280 clearly printed pages, from which readers 1836, he became Tutor, having in the interim
even with little or no antecedent knowledge of worked hard at French and German, and at
Dean Liddell can gain a just general concep- Divinity, for he had now made up his mind to
tion of his eminent services to classical schol. enter Holy Orders. While Tutor, he first met
arship, and an edifying impression of his noble Ruskin, who speaks of him in his “ Præterita,”
and stately, if somewhat frigid and awesome, it be remembered, as one of the rarest
personality
types of nobly-presenced Englishmen,” and
Henry George Liddell was born on February “the only man in Oxford' among the masters
6, 1811, at Binchester, near Auckland. His of my day who knew anything of art.” We
father, then curate of the adjoining parish of shall quote, later on, from an interesting letter
Southchurch, was not long afterwards made of Ruskin's to the Dean, one of several which
Rector of Boldon, a village midway between form a valuable portion of the correspondence
Stockton and Newcastle, which thus became given by Dr. Thompson.
the home of his boyhood. He was early set on At Christmas, 1836, Liddell was ordained.
the high-road to his future distinctions. « On At this period the influence of Newman and
my sixth birthday,” he says,
I was promised | Pusey was already a mighty and disturbing one
a great honor and reward. My father took me at Oxford ; and while it is clear that Liddell
up into his study and inducted me into the was by no means swept away from his orthodox
mysteries of the Eton Latin Grammar.” At Anglican moorings by the powerful current of
twelve, Liddell was sent to Charterhouse School, the Tractarian movement, it would be a mis-
where he remained till 1829. His Charthusian take to infer that he was not stirred by it, or
days were not pleasant ones (he recalls a letter that he was wholly proof against the spell of
to his father forcibly dated from“ Beastly the great theologian of Oriel. Though ten
Charterhouse"), nor, it would seem, very stren years Newman's junior, he enjoyed some de-
uous ones, for a certain master, of a prophetic gree of intimacy with him, and he made at his
turn, used to say of him, coram publico, that request one or two of the translations from
he was
as lazy as he was long, and should ancient documents which appeared in the
bring his father's grey hairs in sorrow to the “Library of the Fathers.” But Liddell's tastes
grave.” While in the Sixth Form at Charter were at no time ecclesiastical, and he thor-
house his desk-fellow was Thackeray, who is oughly disliked controversy.
His interest,
the subject of some interesting passages.
therefore, in the clerical debates which so shook
minds of a certain type was comparatively lan-
*HENRY GEORGE LIDDELL, D.D., Dean of Christ Church,
Oxford : A Memoir. By Rev. Henry L. Thompson, M.A. guid — that, we should say, of a perfunctorily
Illustrated. New York: Henry Holt & Co.
sympathizing spectator who desired nothing so
may


1899.)
THE DIAL
311
3
go
use a familiar phrase) bolt upright in the pulpit, with / burch, marked a sudden turn in his fortunes,
much as the cessation of a quarrel the scandal “One of the most remarkable sermons I have
of which to the common cause of religion was ever listened to," Sir Robert Peel was heard to
much more patent to secular and positive minds say, while leaving the Chapel Royal, White-
than the importance or essentiality of its hall, where Liddell had been preaching on the
grounds. In a sermon preached at Christ text, “Stretch forth thy hand.”
Church in 1890 he recalled some memories of Liddell's marriage to Miss Lorina Reeve, in
Newman, and took occasion to add, in his 1846, was followed by his resignation of his
liberal and clear-sighted way:
office, at Oxford, and his acceptance of the
“ But one thing I cannot but notice, — that, whereas Headmastership of Westminster School. This
most of those who leave the Church of their fathers, be ancient foundation had latterly sunk into a
it the Church of this realm or another, proved to be the declining and apparently moribund condition,
bitterest enemies of that Church, Cardinal Newman
never followed that unworthy course. He had convinced
and it was thought that the governance and
himself that there were things in our Church that he reputation of a man like Liddell would far
could not away with, and that he should find in the toward restoring its former prestige and num-
Roman Church a satisfaction and a cure. But he did
bers. During his eleven years' incumbency at
not, therefore, as the manner of many is, assail us with
Westminster, Liddell did much to justify the
acrimonious criticisms or contemptuous reproach; and
if at times he replied to attacks somewhat sharply, he
confidence thus placed in him; but he became
seemed to do so in obedience to the imperious and convinced at last that the proximity of the school
inflexible principles of his new mistress."
to London was a bar to its progress which could
Contrasting the style of Cardinal Newman not be overcome; and he was about to accept
with that of Dr. Liddon, Dean Liddell con the Mastership of Sherburn Hospital, Durham,
tinued :
when the death of Dean Glaisford, of Christ
“I seem to see John Henry Newman standing (to
which had not perhaps been entirely unforeseen.
spectacles on nose, with arms as it were pinned to his There was scarcely a doubt that Liddell would
sides, never using the slightest action except to turn be Dean Glaisford's successor; and on June 6,
over the leaves of his sermon, trusting entirely for effect
to the modulation of a voice most melodious, but rang-
1855, a letter from Lord Elcho notified him of
ing, I believe, through a very limited scale, yet rivetting his appointment by Palmerston to the office
the attention of his hearers as if they were spellbound. which he was to fill with such usefulness, dig-
We marvelled how so little apparent effort was nity, and distinction for a period of thirty-six
followed by effects so great and permanent."
years, or up to within six years of his death
in 1898.
One-balf of the memoir before us is devoted
White's Professor of Moral Philosophy. In to an account of Liddell's decanal career at
1846 his appointment as domestic Chaplain to Christ Church, his constitutional and archi-
the Prince Consort opened the way to a friend-tectural reforms, his methods and peculiarities
ship with the members of the royal family, of administration, his good work as Curator
which was evidenced in 1859 by the placing, of University Galleries, the battles on behalf
at the Queen's request, of the Prince of Wales of liberty fought by him and Stanley in the
under his charge at Oxford. Liddell was not, Chapter — largely an ultra-conservative body
as may be readily believed, what is called a containing, said Stanley, “ very explosive ele-
popular preacher - not a preacher who could ments.” The Jowett question is very briefly
have drawn or swayed the crowds that flocked touched upon, as is that which arose over the
to hear Spurgeon at the Tabernacle. What Boden Professorship of Sanscrit. In these and
we may venture to term the cheaper rhet kindred academical issues Liddell and Stanley,
orical arts of pulpit oratory were as foreign to it is hardly necessary to say, fought successfully
his manner as to Newman's. The effectiveness the battle of reform and liberalism against what
of his sermons was not of the evanescent sort may be termed the conservative mandarinate
that lies largely in graces of manner, witchery of Christ Church. “Fuit Ilium!” one of these
of voice, or what is known as magnetism of worthy, if mistaken champions of old-fogyism
presence. They read well. His language, says
His language, says dolefully exclaimed, on realizing the uselessness
Dr. Thompson, “ was always severely simple, of further resistance to the changes of 1858,
but never lacking in stateliness and beauty. which have since proved so salutary.
He was rarely, if ever, controversial; be de To revert to Liddell's friendship with Rus-
sired to go beyond controversy, and exhibit kin.
kin. This began in Ruskin's undergraduate
Divine Truth in a more exalted relation.” | days, and resulted in his acceptance, at Lid-


312
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
dell's instance, of the Slade Professorship at the undertaking. Through a period of fifty-
Oxford. In a letter of 1837 Liddell thus de four years the task of improving and correct-
scribed the author of Modern Painters” as ing the work, of keeping it abreast of the ad-
he first knew him:
vance of modern scholarship, was never inter-
“ He is a very strange fellow, always dressing in a mitted, the eighth edition being published in
greatcoat with a brown velvet collar, and a large neck 1897, ten years after Scott's death, and only a
cloth tied over his mouth, and living quite in his own few months before his venerable colaborer was
way among the odd set of hunting and sporting men
that gentlemen commoners usually are. : :
. . I am glad
called to his rest. Apropos of the Lexicon,
to say they do not bully him, as I should have been
and the inevitable defects of the first edition of
afraid they would.”
it, let us subjoin a Westminster story, which is
In 1844 Ruskin wrote, in reply to a letter
amusing enough in itself, and may serve the
in which Liddell seems to bave made some
additional end of providing a key to proper
complaints of the style of Modern Painters pronunciation of the, we think, often mispro-
“But alas! there is nothing of all the little that you
nounced name of Liddell.
There was an
say in stricture which I do not feel and which I
irreverent schoolboy tradition current at West-
have not felt for some time back. . . . But it seems to minster in Liddell's day that when, during
me the pamphleteer manner is not confined to these
class-work, an error would crop out in the
passages: it is ingrained throughout. There is a nasty,
Lexicon, the Headmaster would serenely ob-
snappish, impatient, half-familiar, half-claptrap web of
young-mannishness everywhere. I am going to try for
serve: “Ah, yes; Mr. Scott wrote that para-
better things; for a serious, quiet, earnest, and simple graph.” This gave rise to the following epi-
manner, like the execution I want in art. ... Don't gram - which was heartily enjoyed and even
suppose, however, I am going to lose Turner. On the
pecuniarily rewarded by its dignified but kindly
contrary, I am more épris than ever, and that especially
victim.
with his latest works, Goldau, etc. Monomania, you
think. Possibly. ..."
“Two men wrote a Lexicon, Liddell and Scott;
Some parts were clever, but some parts were not.
In a later letter, Ruskin goes on to say, as Hear, all ye learned, and read me this riddle,
to “ versatility of admiration":
How the wrong part wrote Scott, and the right part
wrote Liddell."
“The world is so old, that there is no dearth of things
E. G. J.
first-rate; and life so short, that there is no excuse for
looking at things second-rate. Let us then go to Rubens
for blending, and to Titian for quality, of color; to Cag-
liari for daylight, and Rembrandt for lamplight; to
THE HEART OF THE CIVIL WAR.*
Buonarroti for awfulness, and to Van Huysum for pre-
The third volume of Mr.James Ford Rhodes's
cision. . . . Any man is worthy of respect, in his own
rank, who has pursued any truth or attainment with all
“History of the United States from the Com-
his heart and strength. But I dread and despise the promise of 1850,” closed with the recounting
artists who are respectable in many things, and have of the military movements of the winter and
been excelled by some one in everything. . . . Murillo
spring of 1862. The fourth volume, just pub-
seems to me a peculiar instance of this.
lished, continues the story until Abraham Lin-
not a bad painter, but he exercises a most fatal influence
on the English school. I have never entered the Dul coln is reëlected, General Grant is in successful
wich Gallery for fourteen years without seeing at least command of the Army of the Potomac, and the
three copyists before the Murillos. I never have seen
end of the great contest is in sight. It deals
one before the Paul Veronese."
with as many perplexing problems as were ever
Perhaps Mr. Ruskin's unaccountably heated
crowded together in any like two-year period
expression, “I dread and despise,” fairly ex in the annals of time.
emplifies the defect of manner admitted in the The task must have been an appalling one,
earlier letter. “ Don't bear on too hard," urges to enter this field of bitter controversy, to sift
Mr. Lowell somewhere, and we know of few
thoroughly the great mass of material in the
maxims of the kind more useful than this one.
form of “personal memoirs,” “own stories,”
A chapter is of course devoted to the history
“ recollections,” newspaper files, and the nu-
of the Dean's magnum opus, the Greek-Eng. merous volumes of Official Records of the War
lish Lexicon, a monument of labors begun in of the Rebellion, and still hope for a resulting
his student days and continued almost to the narration which should commend itself to the
close of his life. Liddell and Scott are names judgment of this generation of students as wor.
that will long hunt in couples in the brain of thy to be passed on to the future as a fair and
student and scholar. The first edition of the
* HISTORY OF THE UNITED States from the Compromise
Lexicon was issued in 1834 ; but that date
of 1850. Volume IV. To the Close of the Civil War. By
marks only the completion of the first stage in James Ford Rhodes. New York: Harper & Brothers.
He was


1899.]
313
THE DIAL
trustworthy account of the most trying years marked by weakness and faults, or elements of
in American history.
strength, as he displayed now one and now
No one can read this volume without being another quality in the midst of the tremendous
impressed with the naturalness of the story. cares of state.
Mr. Rhodes seems to have caught that most More difficult than the task of properly
happy style for the expression of his thoughts measuring the standard for general and cabinet
which makes the reader follow him willingly officers and president was that of giving a fair
to his conclusions. One step succeeds another; account of the acts and influence of those par-
and as public opinion at the time was modified tisan leaders in the North who differed from
under the influence of changing conditions, so the ruling party in their ideas of the proper
the reader finds his own ideas re-shaped as his method of dealing with the rebelling states, men
knowledge grows with the unfolding of the like Seymour and Vallandingham and others
story.
who were called “Copperheads” by the sup-
The Army of the Potomac was long the cen porters of the government. While it is
per-
tre of the thoughts of the people of the North. fectly apparent that the author believes that
Its inactivity or activity was everywhere dis the Democratic party failed in what might
cussed. Each of the several commanders who have been its legitimate mission as a correcting
attempted to satisfy the carping critics was the and restraining party of opposition, and that
target for the fire of every newspaper writer, many things which closely approached “giving
jealous brother officer, and store-box tactician aid and comfort to the enemy" are justly
of the day. Hence many a reader of this volume charged against it, there is a clear recognition
will take the treatment accorded to General of much that is of worth in some of the speeches
McClellan as a test topic. For a time there is of its leaders ; there is due praise especially
severe condemnation, until it seems that the for many of Governor Seymour's acts; and, on
author is too much prejudiced. Then comes a the other hand, there is unsparing condemna-
page where the opinion is moderated; then tion of the illegal arrests and suppression of
criticism is harsh again, until it is apparent newspapers which attended the radical side
that the account of McClellan is just what is of the controversies. What is most to be com-
most to be desired - a judicious examination mended is the clearness of narration which
of his merits and demerits, with unsparing blame enables the reader to see just how it came
where he manifestly was at fault, with a due to pass that men could feel as they did at the
amount of recognition of those excellences time, whether they were “Union Leaguers" or
which made him the idol of his soldiers and the Copperheads.
chosen leader of a large minority of his fellow There can be no doubt that the growing
citizens. The general impression of the story tendency in present-day discussions of the Civil
as a whole is unfavorable to McClellan, and War is to overlook the bitterness and harshness
there is a natural query in the mind of the
in the mind of the of the time, to feel that the triumph of the
reader as to whether this result of the first Union was demanded by destiny, to accept the
serious attempt to write the history of the Civil downfall of human slavery as a result pleasing
War without passion, according to modern his to both sides, and to exalt the heroism shown
torical methods, and in connection with a survey by Americans in battle, whether they fought
of a wider period of the nation's life, is to be under the stars or the bars. After a stirring
taken as the final judgment upon the career of account of Pickett's charge at Gettysburg, one
this famous soldier and party leader.
sentence claims attention :
is
gained from the account of the work of other the man with soul so dead' who would not thrill with
-Burnside, Pope, Buell, Halleck, Hooker, emotion to claim for his countrymen the men who made
Meade, and Lee.
In considering men and that charge and the men who met it?”
measures outside of military lines, also, this The hopes, the fears, the strength, the weakness
judicial tact has been displayed. Stanton and of the Confederacy find proper consideration,
Chase, Seward and Lincoln, are seen in the and again the reader feels that he is learning
light of the time, as events developed and they of things as they were at the time, that he
developed with them. Even Lincoln stands
Even Lincoln stands shares the concern of the North or the confi-
forth as he was during this critical period of dence of the South, as the fortunes of war vary
his administration, not viewed with the halo and Mars seems hostile to the Union, until
which late years have placed about him, but I Gettysburg and Vicksburg bring rejoicing and
men


314
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
kept up
a
new zeal to the disheartened Northland. Mr.
IBSEN AND BJÖRNSON.*
Rhodes's story of the critical years of the war
is certainly a strong one as regards its treatment At three different dates (1866, 1882, and
of men in the field and at Washington, its con-
1898), Dr. Georg Brandes has endeavored to
sideration of administration measures and the interpret, for the large public which his writ-
opposition thereto, its fairness toward the armed ings reach, the significance of the work of Dr.
enemies of the government and to those who Ibsen. The first study was written just after
6 fire in the rear.”
“ Brand” and “Peer Gynt" had led the way
Still another phase of the great conflict re-
to the wide European fame that their author
quired treatment: that was its diplomacy,
was henceforth to enjoy ; the second appeared
notably with England. If one desires to know just after “Ghosts ” had fluttered to some pur-
just how the ruling classes and the people of
pose the dovecotes of a conventional society;
that country felt toward the contending sides,
the third was a recognition of the commanding
he need look no further. A good many pages
position that the great Norwegian had won for
are taken up with this discussion, from the time
himself at the time of his seventieth birthday.
when English negligence allowed the “Ala-
These three studies, unrevised, although at
bama” to get to sea, until the leaders were
some points inconsistent with each other in
forced by the logic of events to give up any
their judgments, have been published by the
plans which might have been considered for
author in a single volume, and translated into
recognition of the Confederacy, as the Emanci- English by Miss Jessie Muir. At the same
pation Proclamation found increasing favor and time, Miss Mary Morison has made a transla-
the feeling of sympathy manifested by the
tion of the essay of Dr. Brandes upon Herr
common people of England for the North grew
Björnson, which was originally published with
in strength. The story is unfolded naturally, in the volume entitled “Moderne Gjennem-
the second of the three studies above mentioned
and in the proper sequence. The failure of the
English government to respect our rights is
brudsmænd." The four essays thus described
plainly apparent, the anxiety of our minister is
have been brought together in a volume to
shared, the attitude of English leaders when
which Mr. William Archer has given editorial
they did a friendly act is indicated, and the supervision, and for which he has written an
acknowledgment of wrong and reparation devoted to Dr. Ibsen are now for the first time
introduction. The first and third of the papers
made in connection with the Geneva Award de
are urged as reasons for forgiving those who put into English ; the second, together with the
as leaders of English thought and life took a
paper upon Herr Björnson, may be found in the
mistaken position in our day of adversity.
volume called “Men of the Modern Awaken-
This fourth volume by Mr. Rhodes is a strong ing,” being a selection from several collections
one. It is convincing in style, and each im-
of critical essays by Dr. Brandes, translated by
portant conclusion is fortified by abundant
Professor Rasmus B. Anderson, and published
reference in the form of foot-notes and quota-
in this country thirteen years ago.
tions. The wealth of this illustrative mate-
The three essays upon Dr. Ibsen offer an
rial is partly indicated by the statement that extremely interesting study in critical method.
only fifteen of the five hundred and thirty: spiritual development,” made by the most com-
They are “a running commentary on Ibsen's
nine
pages of the text are without some sort
of supplementary reference or helpful quo- petent among living critics for such a task. The
tation. In some cases the notes discuss mat-
author, to quote from Mr. Archer's introduction,
ters not taken up in the text proper because
" Approached the study of the poet's works with a
perfectly free mind, neither overawed by a great ready-
of lack of space for the more extended treat-
made reputation, nor warped into antagonism by secta-
ment. Twelve maps supply the needed geo rian mispraise. His criticism throughout is absolutely
graphical help.
candid. In the first impression,' indeed, it is so largely
There are some matters of detail which might friendship speaks volumes for the character of both
unfavorable that the fact of their subsequent intimate
be criticised; but taken as a whole, as a vol-
men. ... It is no eulogy of Ibsen that is here pre-
ume in a series, and as a sober presentation of sented to the English-speaking public. Some admirers
facts about a period of great excitement and of the poet may think the critic, at points, over-severe
passion, Mr. Rhodes's latest contribution to
and perhaps even captious. Let them remember that
American history is notable.
absolute sincerity is of more importance than absolute
* HENRIK IBSEN. BJÖRNSTJERNE BJÖRNSON. Critical
FRANCIS WAYLAND SHEPARDSON. Studies. By Georg Brandes. New York : The Macmillan Co.


1899.]
315
THE DIAL
66
correctness, even if 'correctness could fitly be predi bility of realizing ideals; it is, in a word, the pessimism
cated of any aesthetic judgment.”
of indignation.”
As for Dr. Brandes himself, he writes of his But this is not pessimism at all ; and the critic,
three studies in the following terms :
rejecting the substance, should have rejected
It is well-known that Henrik Ibsen completed his the term itself. Dr. Ibsen's mission has been
seventieth year on the 20th March, 1898. I have, in that of the physician, to touch, like Goethe, the
commemoration of this anniversary, combined my first weak spots of the social organism, saying, “thou
and second essays upon him with a third, which brings
ailest here, and here," and to indicate the ways
my account of his poetic labours down to our own
day. Those who, in foreign countries, have discussed in which health may be restored.
Henrik Ibsen's poetic career, have, as a rule, been able The preëminence of “Brand” among the
to make a general survey of it before they wrote. works of Dr. Ibsen is as marked as that of
They have had the whole fabric of his life-work before
them, and have deduced from it, as it were, a more or
“Faust” among the works of Goethe, and the
less correct picture of the master-builder. It may at
interest of any thorougbgoing discussion of the
some future time be interesting to see how the building author must centre in his treatment of that
was reflected in the mind of a contemporary who saw difficult masterpiece. Unfortunately, the dis-
it come into being, and who, at a comparatively early cussion of “ Brand” is found chiefly in the first,
time, was so situated as to be able from his impressions
of the master-builder's personality, to say a few words
and consequently the least mature, of these
of guidance to students of his work.”
three essays, and the result is disappointing.
We are told that the author
Evidences of a progressive broadening of out-
in
« Is
one-sidedness it is, after all, his purpose to condemn.
these studies. Take, for example, the familiar
Ibsen has conjured up a spirit that he himself is power-
attribution of pessimism to Dr. Ibsen's think less to control. ... The last words of the poem carry
ing. In the first study, we read:
with them no conviction; for Brand has beaten every
“Whatever the merits or defects of his productions,
objection out of the field, and has already admirably
it is clear that we have here to deal with a poet who
refuted the charge which meets him at the moment of
looks the life of the present day with the eye of a
his death, the charge of not having understood that God
upon
is love."
pessimist. . : . His gloomy way of looking at things
makes him, in the first place, polemical; for when he This closing scene has indeed been a stumbling-
directs his gaze towards his own time, it presents to his block to the commentators, for it seems at first
eye sheer misery and guilt, and shows him the discord
between what ought to be and what is. In the second
sight to mean that Brand has been mistaken
place, it makes him bitter; for when he turns his gaze all along, and that his sufferings and sacrifices
on the ideal, he sees its destruction as inevitable, all have been needless. But the evident sincerity
higher living and striving as fruitless, and discord be-
and sympathy with which he has been por.
tween what ought to be, and what is, attainable."
trayed up to this point makes the conclusion
Now this judgment, be it remembered, was seem stultifying, and leaves the reader sorely
rendered in the face of “ Brand,” whose teach- perplexed. Now, the explanation of this eth-
ing gives it the lie direct. If that great poem ical antinomy is to be found in the philosophy
means anything, it means that the triumph of of Sören Kierkegaard, and Dr. Brandes, who
the ideal, not its destruction, is inevitable, and has made a special study of this Danish theolo-
that what ought to be attainable may really gian, and who repeatedly refers to his influence
become so if a few leaders of men will only over the poet, should have discovered the ex-
eschew, like Brand, all dealings with the ac planation. But that discovery has been left
cursed spirit of compromise. “ Brand” is, in for an Englishman, Mr. M. A. Stobart, who,
its essence, one of the most hopeful poems ever in the August “Fortnightly Review,” clears
written. In the second study, Dr. Brandes has away the difficulty in the most triumphant man-
come to this saner view.
ner. A more illuminating piece of criticism
“Sceptical as he [Ibsen] is, he does not actually it has not often been our fortune to read. The
doubt the possibility of bappiness. . . . When be touches following is the significant passage of the dis-
a social sore, as in The Pillars of Society,' and else-
where, it is always one of a moral nature. Some one
cussion, arrived at after the life of Brand has
is to blame for it. Whole strata of society are rotten,
been brought down to its closing episode:
whole rows of society's pillars are decayed and hollow. “ He has recognized and now finally vanquished the
The close air of the small community is unhealthy; in Spirit of Compromise which latter is the tocsin
wide spheres there is room for great actions. A breath drummed by Kierkegaard's philosophy - and annibi-
from without, that is to say a breath of the spirit of lated his human Will. The struggle has been to the
truth and liberty, has power to purify the atmosphere. death, but he is victor. Surely the quantum satis of his
... His pessimism is not of a metaphysical, but of a Will has merited the redemption he has set himself
moral nature, and is based on a conviction of the possi to win for his race? But it is only now, when his.


316
(Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
.
Will has finally trampled on the last traces of human and for another, it is incomplete and inadequate,
weakness, and he has definitely chosen bis · All or
suggesting an appendix instead of a companion
Nothing'in preference to the tempter's suggestions of
study. The most fitting words that Dr. Brandes
earthly happiness with wife and child, that Brand's
conquest is complete. So, it is only now, that, accord-
has written about the relations of his two sub-
ing to Kierkegaard, he may expect to find the love, the jects occur at the close of the second Ibsen
mercy of his Creator. And it is only, therefore, at this, study.
the last moment of his worldly existence, as he sinks
“ It seems to me that Björnson and Ibsen may be
before the rushing avalanche, that the answer to the
compared to the two old Norwegian kings, Sigurd and
desperate prayer of his whole life is vouchsafed to him,
Eystein, who, in the famous legendary conversation
and, through the roaring thunder-cloud, the message
there is no mistaking is proclaimed: the quantum satis
appropriated by Björnson in Sigurd Jorsalfar,' boast to
each other of their merits. The one has stayed at home
of his Will has merited Redemption, and Brand knows
and civilized his country, the other has left it, wandered
that now, at last — for him — God is Deus caritatis !”
far and wide, and gained honour for it on his wild and
The views of Dr. Brandes, as he takes up arduous journeyings. Each has his admirers, each his
one play after another, and proceeds to examine
contentious band of followers, who exalt the one at the
it in the dry light of true philosophical intelli- they have for a time been at variance; and the only
expense of the other. But they are brothers, although
gence, are always interesting, and in many right thing to happen — and it does bappen at the end
instances informing as well. But we cannot of the play - is the peaceable division of the kingdom
escape the feeling that many vital things have
between them.”
somehow eluded the critic's vision, and the These are fair and true words, truer than their
reader capable of understanding Ibsen at all, author now thinks them, since he is at pains to
who should first approach him through the take them back when he comes to his third
medium of this work, would find a great deal
estimate of Dr. Ibsen. It would have been
more than he had been led to expect. Miss better to leave Eystein-Björnson out of this
Elizabeth Robins, writing in an English review book altogether than to deal with him as a
upon
this
very book, expresses our meaning writer of secondary importance. We are by
perfectly when she says:
no means sure that, when the final critical ac-
“I realise now that if I had waited for Dr. Brandes count is made up at some time in the twentieth
to introduce the great Norwegian to me, I should not century, his fame will not shine even more re-
have pursued my new acquaintance far. I should have splendent than that of his great contemporary.
heard too much of Ibsen's idiosyncracy, and not enough
of his fascination. I should have been warned that the
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE.
poem of “ Brand," the great spiritual drama which had
made my heart beat and the tears come, was borrowed
from Kierkegaard, and hardly worth the borrowing."
We think Miss Robins over-harsh in the passage
RECENT BOOKS OF TRAVEL.*
that comes soon afterwards, but it represents a Perhaps the most important, though not the most
point of view that must not be ignored in any interesting, work in our collection of recent Travel
discussion of the book before us. She says:
books is " A Rassian Province of the North,” by
“One turns away from these bald and doctrinaire
Alexander Engelhardt, Governor of the Province
• Impressions' with a sense that there may be an ad-
of Archangel. This book is the outcome of exten-
vantage in approaching a great poet without the assist *A Russian PROVINCE OF THE NORTH. By Alexander
ance of a critical intelligence of the first order.' One Platonovitch Engelhadt. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co.
recalls with a flush of gratitude the quick uplifting that HOLLAND AND THE HOLLANDERS. By David S. Meldrum.
came of personal contact with the plays that Dr. Brandes New York: Dodd, Mead & Co.
sets himself to dissect. The critic gives no smallest
TUNISIA AND THE MODERN BARBARY PIRATEs. By Her
hint, to my sense, of the flashing vitality, the bitter wit,
bert Vivian. New York: Longmans, Green & Co.
the tenderness so deep and innig that it moves one first
SKETCHES IN EGYPT. By Charles Dana Gibson. New
to tears and then to feel all tears should be straightway
York: Doubleday & McClure Co.
dried in a world where such infinite gentleness had
A PRISONER OF THE KHALEEFA. By Charles Neufeld.
New York: G. P. Putnam's Song.
found a voice. If it depended on Dr. Brandes, few
would guess that the plays were more than philosophic
ENCHANTED INDIA. By Prince Bojidar Karageorgevitch.
New York: Harper & Brothers.
discussions upon social life.”
FROM THE HIMALAYAS TO THE EQUATOR. By Cyrus D.
These words, in our opinion, show a deeper
Foss. New York: Eaton & Mains.
insight into the poet's mind than any that
QUAINT CORNERS OF ANCIENT EMPIRES. By M, M. Shoe
maker. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
Dr. Brandes — accomplished critic and scholar
INTIMATE CHINA. By Mrs. Archibald Little. Philadel-
though he be — has written upon the subject. phia: J. B. Lippincott Co.
We are inclined to think it was a mistake to HAWAIIAN-AMERICA. By Caspar Whitney. New York:
Harper & Brothers.
add the Björnson essay to this volume. For
TWELVE MONTHS IN KLONDIKE. By R. C. Kirk. Phila-
one thing, it was already accessible in English, delphia : J. B. Lippincott Co.


1899.]
317
THE DIAL
sive travels by the Governor over his vast province, The explanation of all this scrubbing and polishing
and is a mine of recent information on the country, and painting, as of almost all the characteristics of
population, and industries, containing also histor the Dutch, is the superabundance of water.” This
ical notes of value. The author evidently has at explanation, it must be granted, he finds only par-
heart the well-being and development of northern tial. This work is useful as a popular book, and
Russia, and works to this end with enlightened contains a number of interesting illustrations.
energy. Further, there is evidence in this volume
“ Tunisia," by Mr. Herbert Vivian, contains the
of a kindly consideration and a genial humor, qual impressions acquired by a conservative and some-
ities which are popularly supposed to be lacking in
what prejudiced Englishman during a brief sojourn
a Russian governor. The following example may in that Barbary State. Mr. Vivian has very little
be quoted :
that is good to say of the French in Tunis, as is
“Our solicitude for the Samoyedes of Novaia Zemlia rather vividly intimated by his secondary title, “and
extended even to such details as the following. The the Modern Barbary Pirates.” He thinks that
settlers included a brother and sister, both grown up, “the administration of Tunisia is as rotten as that
and, in answer to the usual queries as to what articles
of the French Republic.” As we are inclined to
they were in need of, the one requested, among other
things, a wife, and the other a husband. As these were
suspect the fairness of the book in some respects, so
not forthcoming, with the consent of their parents we
also the information is sometimes suspicious, as when
brought out with us a bridegroom and a bride. Each
he declares that “the Arabs have a curious charac-
having been duly introduced to his or her partner, I teristic in common with horses and many other ani-
gave them an hour to become better acquainted with mals. They prefer stagnant water, however disgust-
each other, after which the weddings were immediately ing in smell and appearance, to the most limpid
to take place. The young Novaia Zemlian Samoyede running water.” So also he informs us that it is a cus-
was pleased with the bride we brought him, and she,
tom in the American army to bury all mules who fall
in her turn, with him. . . . But not so with the other.
in battle with military honors. However, the author
The Novaia Zemlian bride would have nothing to do
with the bridegroom of our choosing. Do you call him
gives many pleasant descriptions of the land and of
a Samoyede ?' she cried. He's never killed a white
the people — Moslems, Jews, and " niggers "- as
bear! Why, my little brother, who's only twelve years
in this of the street story-teller:
old, has killed several, and I myself even have shot
« First he collected his audience in a circle around
over a score of wild deer. And what has be been do him by much banging of his tambourine. Then he pro-
ing? Killing tame reindeer! No, I won't have him!' ceeded to spin the most marvellous yarns, only stopping
And she was as good as her word, the more we tried to to collect pennies when he reached a climax of excite-
persuade her, the more she insisted; nothing we could ment, and perceived that his hearers were burning to
urge could prevail on her to have him, so our match know what happened next to the princess, or the Jinn,
making was not altogether a success. The unlucky
or the enchanted casket. He reminded me of the sen-
bridegroom non-elect could only pull a long face and sational magazines, which always take care to close the
retire !”
instalments of their serials at the most breathless situ-
ations. When he had collected as much as he fancied
This volume well illustrates in many details the
paternal methods by which Russia has been 80 suc the total and announce that he must have so many more
cessful in dealing with inferior alien races. There pence before revealing another syllable of the story.
are a number of interesting notes on natural his- He was generally as good as his word, and it was the
tory; but we should like better evidence than reports most inquisitive part of his audience which had to pay."
as to the wild ducks which become so accustomed While this work is far from being impartial or thor-
to having their eggs removed by the natives that oughgoing, it is readable and fresh, and the many
if “ an odd duckling or two begin to peep out of photographic illustrations add to the interest.
their shells, the old ones immediately drag them
Mr. Charles Dana Gibson, in his “Sketches in
forth and hurl them into the water,” and also as to
Egypt,” gives us in breezy style by pen and pencil
the kind of shark that "feeds chiefly on human
his impressions of Cairo and the usual tourist trip
flesh.” The book contains a number of useful
up the Nile to the first cataract. The brief text is
maps and illustrations.
written in a light, airy vein, often approaching the
“ Holland and the Hollanders,” by Mr. David S. flippant; but, of course, the illustrations are the
Meldrum, is an agreeably written description of the chief excuse for the volume. We confess that Mr.
country and people. The opening chapters are Gibson does not seem to us at his happiest here.
given to impressions of the Holland of to-day; while Occasionally, as on pages 9, 22, 94, the drawings
later chapters tell of the government, of the dykes,
show his best characteristic touch ; but in the main
of education, and of the state of affairs in the sev they are rather weak and flat, and often made
eral provinces. One of our author's impressions is worse by poor printing.
that “Too much is made of the Dutch rage for Mr. Charles Neufeld's “ A Prisoner of the Kha-
cleanliness. The village of Broek, to which the leefa” is a companion book to Slatin's “ Fire and
tourist is sent flying by the guides, to see this na Sword in the Soudan," being a narrative of capture,
tional virtue in its most ridiculous exhibitions, is a imprisonment, and slavery among the Mahdists.
standing joke among the Hollanders themselves.
But it suffers in comparison with Mr. Slatin's work,
he could be Wohanteered by his hearers, The would count up


318
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
for it is quite lacking in picturesqueness and breadth Another book on India, of quite a different type,
of view, and in all qualities of style; and, besides, is “ From the Himalayas to the Equator," by Bishop
it is too summary, and too much a mere personal Cyrus Foss. This is an account of the Bishop's
vindication, to be of the highest interest and value. recent missionary tour in India and Malaysia, and
Yet the rather bald and brief account of such re is in the form of letters of travel. It is illustrated
markable experiences among so remarkable a peo- from photographs, and will be of special interest to
ple cannot fail to be of considerable interest and missionary circles.
value. Certainly, whenever the author forgets him Mr. M. M. Shoemaker's “Quaint Corners of
self, and speaks in some objective way of the native Ancient Empires " is a series of brief sketchy chap-
and his surroundings, he can be both entertaining ters made by the quick-passing traveller in Southern
and instructive,— as, for example, in his description India, Burma, and Manila. It hardly deserves its
of the arrangement of marriages between prisoners title, save, perhaps, in the case of the chapter on
and jailers. The ferocity, mendacity, avarice and Rameswaram, “ the most venerated, the most mag-
cruelty of the Mahdists are drawn in even blacker
nificent, and the largest of Hindoo temples, situated
lines than by Mr. Slatin. Mr. Neufeld was in irons
on a lonely sandy island close under the shores of
for practically the whole time of his captivity.
Southern India.” One corridor of this temple he
“For ten years I had been so chained and weighted describes as a thousand feet long. “In fact, all
with iron that it was only with effort I was able to the shrines of the world shrink into insignificance
raise my feet from the ground in order to shuffle from
as one stands gazing down the vast spaces of Rames-
place to place; the bars of iron connected with the
anklets bad limited the stride or shuffle to about ten or
waram.” He has much also to say of the temples
of Burma. The author was in Manila in January
twelve inches. When freed from all this, I ran and
jumped about the whole day long like one possessed; of this year, but his observations of this region are
but the sudden call upon the muscles so long unused
of the slightest. While this work is hasty and su-
resulted in a swelling of the legs from hips to ankles, perficial, it is fairly readable, and the illustrations
and this was accompanied with most excruciating pains.” are of some interest.
No doubt many of Neufeld's extraordinary hard-
“ Intimate China,” by Mrs. Archibald Little, is
ships were due to wrong-headedness and hot-head a large, finely manufactured and illustrated book,
edness, as, indeed, he sometimes acknowledges. which fairly justifies its title, as being a close study
The author had much to do with the natives in a based on long and varied experience. The author
medical way, and thus notes their insensibility to
is well acquainted with Pekin, and has made sev-
pain, apropos of extracting a bullet from the arm
eral tours in far western China, even being so ad.
of a Soudanese with a penknife:
venturous as to penetrate into Chinese Tibet. Very
“Maybe, with a European, chloroform might have
vivid and interesting are her sketches of crowded
been necessary for the extraction of the bullet in the city life, as in her note on the
arm;
but with a Soudanese - have I not already said “ All-pervading babble, row I had almost called it, of
that a dervish can continue leaping and stabbing with the boys in the schools, here, there, and everywhere, so
half a dozen severe wounds in his body? A dervish can that it is almost impossible to get out of earshot of
and will kill at the moment when the ventricles of his them, all at the top of their boy voices shouting out the
heart make their last contraction. Bodily pain, as we classics, as they painstakingly day after day and year
understand it, is unknown to them. Many a time have after year commit them to memory. With the sickly
I applied, and seen applied, red-hot charcoal to sores, sweet smell of the opium, and to the sound of the vast
with the patients calmly looking on.”
ear-drum-splitting army of China's schoolboys, all must
Mr. Neufeld believes it was a mistake to grant any
forever associate life in a Chinese city."
quarter to wounded dervishes. The book has a So; again, she notes her plan for subduing the crowds
number of useful illustrations, maps, sketches, and
that annoyed her:
appendices.
“So I tried my old plan, the only one I have ever
found effectual with a Chinese crowd, and, getting out
“Enchanted India," by Prince Karageorgevitch, of the chair, standing quite still, looked solemnly and
is a series of slight artistic sketches, or literary sadly at first one, then another, till he wished the ground
etchings, descriptive of the native life in the great would cover him and retired. I fancy glasses heighten
centres of India. As an example, we may instance the effect. Anyway, they all sat down, each hiding
this sketch of native soldiery :
behind the other as far as he could."
“ Some native lancers were maneuvring; they charged
Mrs. Little writes throughout in a very open-minded,
at top speed in a swirl of golden dust, which transfig- fair and sympathetic way, and the book is to be
ured their movements, making them look as though cordially recommended both for information and
they did not touch the earth, but were riding on the entertainment.
clouds. They swept lightly past, almost diaphanous,
“ Hawaiian America,” by Mr. Caspar Whitney,
the colour of their yellow khaki uniforms mingling with
the ochre sand; and then, not ten yards off, they stopped
is a good general account of the Hawaii of to-day
short, with astonishing precision, like an apparition.
with some notice of the Hawaii of yesterday. Mr.
Their lances quivered for an instant, a flash of steel Whitney regards Hawaii as the only one of our
sparks against the sky — a salute to the Maharajah
possessions
and then they were as motionless as statues."
“ Likely to become an American community. Here is


1899.)
319
THE DIAL
materials of
no such problem such as awaits us in the Philippines, or “ The Historical Study of Poetics,” and “ The Prin-
in Puerto Rico, or even in Cuba. No wrenching of ciples of Versification.” The authors add this note
local law or upheaval of native custom attended the
to the exposition of their plan : “While the work
annexation of Hawaii. Here was a country with an
is not intended to set forth any special system or
established government uncorrupted ; a people, the
criticism, being rather a clue to the sources which
richest per capita in the world, and with a percentage of
illiteracy lower than that of any European nation, save
will acquaint the student with any or all systems,
perbaps Prussia, and lower than in many of our own
yet some pains has been taken to distinguish, in the
States; a land capable of producing the majority of the commentary, those theories which are thought to
products of the temperate and tropical zones; a couutry rest upon a sound scientific and ästhetic basis.”
largely Americanized and wholly Christianized." The result of all this industry is not, indeed, a book
The work is fully illustrated from photographs, and
to be read, but a book to be used as a guide through
is well provided with maps, making a very useful the labyrinth of critical literature; and in this re-
sketch of the Islands.
spect the bibliographical sections are by far the most
“Twelve Months in Klondike," by Mr. R. C. important, being prepared with great thoroughness,
Kirk, is a simple graphic sketch by a newspaper
and embracing classified references to the most im-
correspondent who went through to Dawson by way
portant work to be found in all the culture-lan-
of the Chilcoot Pass in the fall of 1897. The photo- the work is mainly that of guidance and suggestion
guages. As has already been observed, the aim of
graphic illustrations are exceptionally clear.
rather than of elaborating a critical system ; but we
H. M. STANLEY.
should supplement this statement by saying that the
modern scientific or evolutionary treatment of liter-
ature is the underlying principle of the whole dis-
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
cussion, a fact which comes out clearly in the section
Methods and The first volume of an important dealing with “ Comparative Literature.” We are
The first volume of an important bound to compliment the authors of this volume
work that will be welcome to all stu-
literary criticism.
upon their scholarship and their fairness in present-
dents of literature has just been pub- ing contrasted opinions, and to thank them most
lished. The work is a product of the joint schol-
heartily for placing in our hands a manual of the
arship of Professors Charles Mills.Gayley and Fred
subject that goes far beyond anything hitherto
Newton Scott, and is entitled “ An Introduction to
attempted in English, and that is simply invaluable
the Methods and Materials of Literary Criticism”
for purposes of reference.
(Ginn). The sub-title of the present volume is
“ The Bases in Æsthetics and Poetics." A second
M. Imbert de Saint-Amand's latest
volume dealing with Literary Types" will com-
volume, France and Italy" (Scrib-
from Solferino.
plete the work. Literary criticism, say the authors,
ner), deals with that annus mirabi-
has now “outgrown the stage of unquestioning ac lis of modern Italian history, 1859,- the year of
quiescence in tradition, authority, personal bias or Louis Napoleon's “Sardinian adventure” (a games-
prejudice. But it is not yet fully alive to its possi-ter's throw, we should say, rather than a quixotic-
bilities, scope, or aim,-not organized.” An attempt ally generous enterprise in political knight-errantry),
at such organization is what this work offers us. with its tragic episodes of Magenta and Solferino,
“The objects more directly aimed at in this volume, and its, for Sardinia and Cavour, somewhat abor-
and that which will shortly follow it, are, first, to tive issue at Villafranca. In his curious and very
give the reader his orientation by showing the rela characteristic foreword (characteristically French,
tions of literature to art, criticism, æsthetics, and we mean), M. Saint-Amand calls upon his country-
the contributory sciences, and by displaying the men to contemplate the triumphs of that “swift and
solidarity and scope of literature ; second, to con-joyous ” (!) war of 1859, and to seek in its memo-
sider the main types or forms which literature has ries a lenitive for those of 1870. “Our misfortunes,"
assumed in the course of its development; third, to he philosophically says, “occupy our minds too
trace the movement and determine the law of liter- much; we do not think enough about our glories.
ary waves or fashions; and last, to deduce from Hypnotized by the memory of our disasters, we lose
these considerations the principles which should sight of triumphs, the record of which is, neverthe-
guide us in critically estimating given literary pro- less, preëmiņently adapted to fortify the military
ducts.” Of this ambitious programme, only the sentiment which is the hope and consolation of
“ orientation ” is dealt with in the present volume. France.” One would think that the obviously wise
Each of its seven chapters embraces (1) a discus- thing for France to do now, in view of the evil and
sion of such problems as the topic in hand presents humiliation which that same military sentiment”
for consideration, (2) a comprehensive bibliography, has brought upon her, would be to weaken and sup-
with critical commentary on each important refer-plant it, rather than to fortify it, and to find "hope
ence, (3) suggestions for special investigation. The and consolation,” not in the prospect of a bloody
chapters have for their several subjects the Nature revanche upon the power she wantonly provoked
and Function of Literary Criticism,” the “ Princi- beyond endurance in 1870, but in that of a national
ples of Literature," “ The Theory of Poetry,” | future serene in the substantial blessings of wide-
France's solace


320
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
spread prosperity and well-being, and illustrious in firmest of faith in the things of the spirit, to whom
those higher arts of peace and civilization which she poetry is as the bread of life, to whom democracy
has already done so much to heighten and adorn. is “the earthly hope of men,” to whom religion is
How much better to contemplate a future like that no mere affair of observance but the name which we
painted by Condorcet, the noblest victim of the give to the most sacred aspirations of the soul. And
Revolution, than one which shall repeat the specious the writer's message upon these high matters is
glories of Napoleonic days! Is not the Napoleonic delivered in a style of such exquisite simplicity, such
legend, for France, a Upas tree, rooted in a soil that grateful cadence, such finished art, that we take
was fattened with the blood of a sturdy and virile new hope for the nation that can still raise
up
such
generation of her sons whose untimely cutting off voices to express its nobler moods. The message,
is the secret of her admitted physical degeneracy to quote the author's own words, is “ blended of
to-day? Further, if France's ideal and summum many voices of the poets whom Shelley called,
bonum of aspiration must still be, as M. Saint whatever might be their calamity on earth, the most
Amand quietly assumes, military glory, is there not fortunate of men; it rises from all lands, all ages,
just now clearly a more practical and necessary busi- all religions ; it is the battle-cry of that one great
ness for her to look to than the mere feeding of her idea whose slow and hesitating growth is the un-
imagination on the memories of Magenta and Sol- folding of our long civilization, seeking to realize in
ferino ? What of the present condition of the instru- democracy the earthly, and in Christianity the
ment by which future Magentas and Solferinos are heavenly, hope of men, — the idea of the commu-
to be won? The achievements of an army officerednity of the soul, the sameness of it in all men." It
largely by such men as stood the other day in the seems a pity to descend to minute criticism of a
pillory at Rennes will hardly be of a nature to erase volume so deserving of praise, but we must note two
the recollections and heal the smarts of Sedan. minor slips, one made in quoting “the rack of this
M. Saint-Amand is a swift, brilliant, and sympa- tough world,” which memory tricked the writer
thetic narrator, a capital painter of historical pic- into calling “this rude world,” and one made in
tures, a shrewd judge of men and motives; and the attributing the discovery of Uranus to Leverrier
present volume is one of the best of the popular instead of to Herschel. What is really meant is
series of historical studies which has made his name the discovery of Neptune by Leverrier and Adams.
a familiar one to American readers. M. Saint-
Amand is particularly happy in his citations from The earlier
By the translation of two of the
the authorities, and his books are a veritable mine
plays of
earlier plays of M. Rostand, our
M. Rostand.
in that sort. The great diplomatic and military
reading public has a chance to esti-
events of 1859 are nowhere more brilliantly and en-
mate more fully than it could hitherto the power of
the author of "Cyrano de Bergerac.” “ Les Ro-
tertainingly if slightly sketched than in this volume.
The illustrations comprise portraits of Victor Em-
manesques" is translated by Miss Mary Hendee
manuel, MacMahon, Francis Joseph, and Cavour.
under the title “The Romancers” (Doubleday);
“ La Princesse Lointaine" is translated by Mr.
Essays on
Mr. George E. Woodberry is one of Charles Renauld (Stokes). We think that, con-
poetry, politics, those reserved writers who are con trary to the usual expectation in such cases, these
and religion.
tent to be heard only at rare inter earlier works will add to the reputation of their
vals, and whose thought is allowed to ripen before author. Not that they are as fine plays as M.
it takes the garb of print. When he does speak, Rostand's famous masterpiece, but each is in its
whether in verse or prose, we know that he is giv, own way so very good that we gain from them a
ing us of his best, and that best has a quality too higher opinion of their author. “Les Romanesques"
rarely met with in this age of hurried and voluble is, and was intended to be, no more than a charm-
speech. The four papers to which “Heart of | ing trifle, wbimsical, original, poetic. It loses more
Man” (Macmillan) is given as a collective title are than the other in the translation, perhaps necessa-
seemingly diverse in their themes the first a rily; but what is left has a quality, a poetic charac-
descriptive and historical essay on “Taormina,” ter, in which we find an echo, or really a premoni-
another, “A New Defence of Poetry," another a tion, of the contagious exuberance which sometimes
disquisition upon “ Democracy," and the last, “The breaks out in the Gascon hero of the later play.
Ride,” a collection of philosophical Jottings from a “ La Princesse Lointaine,” however, is more than
thinker's note-book. “ The intention of the author charming: it has real beauty. It is by no means
was to illustrate how poetry, politics, and religion surprising that M. Coquelin, when he heard it read,
are the flowering of the same human spirit, and had the confidence in the author which called forth
have their feeding roots in a common soil, • deep in “Cyrano de Bergerac.” It has the same charac-
the general heart of men.'” It is in this sense, and in teristic: it is a real, a serious idea, etherealized into
the common possession of that high seriousness which a delicate poetic form. The play has not, we should
is so greatly needed in literature, that these essays say, the power of construction of M. Rostand's
have claim to unity ; this we feel more and more as masterpiece, but this note of reality in all the ex-
the impression of their fine idealism becomes deep- travagance of romance it does have. It may re-
ened page by page.
Here is a writer with the mind one of “ Tristan und Isolde"- some of the


1899.)
321
THE DIAL
ure.
circumstances, some of the motives are the same of things go over to the fishes' point of view, and re-
and if so, the striking power of M. Rostand will main an angler. Dr. Van Dyke's book is written in
probably appear. In “Tristan” we have an ideali his pleasantest and most characteristic vein, and is
zation of passion than which it would seem nothing sure of its welcome. The publishers have given it a
could go further. In the “Princesse,” however, comely setting, the illustrations forming a tempting
we have an embodied apprehension of the real mo feature of the work.
tive power of life (in the romancer's ethic), which
appears to be something better. The play is not
Dr. Norman Bridge's little book on
Some aspects
dramatically so strong as “ Tristan,” for it is not of modern life.
“ The Penalties of Taste” (H. S.
80 ably thought out or put into form : seems to
Stone & Co.) is one that does not
us to fall off a little toward the end. But in it M. give a very clear account of itself, so far, at least,
Rostand grasped an idea, an idea which enabled
as the title is concerned. It consists of six essays,
him to see the things he makes us see in “Cyrano
and is named from the first of them. But this first
de Bergerac.” The two translations are good, but essay, although quite characteristic in tendency and
not remarkable ; that of “ La Princesse Lointaine” treatment, is not as obviously so in title. We
seems the better, but both can be read with pleas-
incline to think that had the book been called “The
We should now like to see a translation of Nerves of the Modern Child” it would have given
“ La Samaritaine."
a better idea of itself; namely, that it is a collection
of studies on some aspects of modern life by one who
“ Fisherman's
The right flavor of the essay, as a looks at the question chiefly (and with good right)
Luck" and specific form of composition, pleas- from the standpoint of modern psychology and neu-
other stories. antly prevades most of the dozen rology. Such, at any rate, the book is : six essays,
charming papers contained in Dr. Henry Van Dyke's on the two subjects named, and on Bashfulness,
“ Fisherman's Luck” (Scribner). The initial pa- Heredity, Conscience, and Education, - or, more
per gives title to the volume. Other titles are “ The exactly, on some aspects of these topics. It is a
Thrilling Moment,” “Talkability,” “A Wild Straw-
very suggestive volume; we have read it with
berry,” « Fishing in Books,” “A Lazy, Idle Brook," interest, and recommend it to anyone who is study-
“A Norwegian Honeymoon,” “A Fatal Success," ing current human nature. We find one matter,
etc. Dr. Van Dyke, naturally, has his say on however, to note: namely, a certain lack of coör-
Walton; and here, let us add, it occurs to us that dination between writer and reader. The writer,
if any one of our writers deserves to be dubbed the for instance, has in mind the commonplaces of
American Walton ”it is the Doctor. The pisca- modern physiology, but he does not seem to remem-
torial habit he has in the due degree; and there is ber that most readers have not; on the other hand,
more than a little of the peculiar Waltonian charm he has not in mind a good deal of reading which
of freshness and gayety — the unaffected joy in readers nowadays are likely enough to have. Thus,
the things of nature that form the setting, the Dr. Bridge assumes an acquaintance with the cell-
sweet and wholesome environment, of the angler's theory: the average reader knows that there are
pursuit, in bis pages. Dr. Van Dyke finds that only such things as cells, but has very little exact knowl-
two writers have spoken ill of Walton: the envious edge of them and therefore does not realise allu-
imitator Franck, and Lord Byron. But there was sions. On the other hand, Dr. Bridge writes of the
a third detractor, a very savage one, Leigh Hunt, “collective conscience,” without any reference to
who inveighed against Izaak's cruelty to the fish - previous speculation on the matter; but, probably,
and, he might have added, to the creatures he used
everyone now has read, in some more or less popu-
as bait. And certainly some of Piscator’s direc larized form, of the “psychology of the crowd.”
tions to his “loving scholar” as to the proper
mode
For the reason, then, that one has oneself to do
of impaling frogs and worms and minnows, so as to most of the coördination with previous ideas, these
keep them writhing in torture on the hook and hence
essays are a little hard to read, unless one is con-
enticing to the fish, are, when broadly and unpisca tent to get from them the temporary stimulus that
torially viewed, rather shocking. Once he posi- always comes from the working of an original mind
tively jests over the process. Telling how to put
Telling how to put turned upon interesting subjects.
a frog on the hook, he ironically adds,—“and in 80
doing, use him as though you loved him, that is,
The special features of the attractive
Two volumes of
harm him as little as you may possibly, that he may
Captain Gronow.
new edition, in two moderate sized
live the longer.” Whereat Hunt is moved to say:
volumes, of “The Reminiscences and
“Now fancy a Genius fishing for us. Fancy him Recollections of Captain Gronow” (Scribner's im.
baiting a great hook with pickled salmon, and portation) are the full indices to each volume, and
twitching up old Izaak Walton from the banks of the 32 illustrations copied and adapted from con-
the river Lea, with the hook through his ear. How temporary sources by Mr. Joseph Grego. Mr.
he would go up, roaring and screaming, and thinking Grego's pictures add decidedly to the piquancy and
the devil had got him !” But these are unpleasant graphic quality of the book. There is no need now
reflections for the angler, who, however contem to dwell at length on Gronow. His business in life
plative a man he may be, can hardly in the nature was, as he and his kind phrase it, to "know every-


322
(Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
his
body and to go everywhere”; and his book shows against error; but the scope of the work is so vast
how even the smallest of God's creatures has its that rhetorical adornments have to be suppressed,
serious uses.
Dandy, quidnunc, and fashionable or at best merely indicated, and even then this
idler, Gronow had perhaps the largest circle of “short history” fills a stout volume of nearly five
fashionable acquaintance of any man of his time hundred pages. It must be confessed that the work
in Europe; and he Boswellized his circle. As some has a strong bias toward naturalism as against su-
men collect china, or prints, or first editions, 80 pernaturalism, and the author sometimes strains a
Gronow collected stories — stories illustrative of point for the purpose of counting some great thinker
the ways and eccentricities of people talked about or man of action upon his side. He is also conspic-
in the beau monde, from great luminaries like uously unsympathetic in dealing with certain of his
Wellington, Byron, Tallyrand, Lamartine, or Peel, opponents. But his book is nevertheless a welcome
down to social star-dust or mere eccentrics like contribution to the intellectual history of mankind,
Brummel and Romeo Coates. Many of the stories welcome to the general reader for its perspicuity of
were Gronow's own; and he prided himself on pos statement and to the scholar for its industrious mar-
sessing the correct and authentic versions of certain shallings of facts and references.
current but warped or exaggerated anecdotes —
Brummel’s alleged request to the Prince “to ring Letters to
So long have we been accustomed
the bell," for instance, which Gronow, with the air
a friend,
to think of Emerson as henceforth
by Emerson.
and authority of a Grote or a Mommsen, shows to
among the silent, so long have we
have been, like so many accepted accounts of much
been in possession of his “Complete Works,” that
weightier matters, a myth with a tincture of fact. it is a delight indeed to greet a new volume from
Gronow was, beyond compare, the best stocked
pen “ Letters to a Friend” (Houghton). The
raconteur of his time; and in a philanthropic mo-
book is but a small one, the letters being few -
ment he determined to write a book, to bequeath, only thirty-four in all – and many of them very
as it were, to posterity the wonderful store of racy
short. But they have the true Emersonian ring;
personalities and anecdotal bric-à-brac he had spent
almost we would recognize the authorship even if
his life in amassing. This book, one of the most
published without signature. Here we find the
entertaining of its kind, and already an instructive same gentle optimism, the same inspiring note, as
picture of the manners and morals of the world it
in his Essays. For example : “ What better sign
paints, will grow in a certain historical value as time can the good genius of our times show that the old
History could ill spare its Walpoles and creative force is ready to work again, than the uni-
its Gronows. Too much chaff is undoubtedly min. versal indisposition of the best heads to touch the
gled with Grónow's grain, but he will continue to
books even of name and fame?" Or again : “Con-
be read and cited and to wax in authority, in his cord is a great capital and contemporaneous with
small kind; and the present edition of him is
all the ages.” The volume is edited with an intro-
attractive, convenient, and at all points satisfying.
duction by Professor Charles Eliot Norton. But
the identity of the “ Friend” is not disclosed, and
“ A Short History of Free Thought, we are told little of him except that he was nine
A history of
Ancient and Modern " (Macmillan), years the junior of the philosopher, and that he was
Freethought.
by Mr. John M. Robertson, is a work possessed of the practical qualities and the acquaint-
that has no close parallel among previous publica ance with affairs in which Emerson was deficient
tions, although Lange’s “ History of Materialism but which he held in high esteem. Evidently, he
covers a considerable part of the same ground. The was one who answered Emerson's own description :
distinction between the two books is that Lange “ A friend is one who makes us do the best we can."
deals especially with general philosophic problems, For certainly, in these private letters, written for
while Mr. Robertson's work has for its subject the the eyes of one person only, it is always the serene,
“ revision or rejection of current religious doctrines pure Emerson who speaks, always the spiritual
by more or less practical people.” Freethought is meanings of things that are looked for, always the
defined by our author as “ a conscious reaction
same flow of genial polished epigram that we lis-
against some phase or phases of conventional or tened for so eagerly in the days of long ago.
traditional doctrine in religion — on the one hand,
a claim to think freely, in the sense not of disre-
No one individual possesses, or pos-
England's Abbey
gard for logic but of special loyalty to it, on prob. pictured and sibly could possess, the consummate
lems to which the past course of things has given a
described. culture requisite to the full and com-
great intellectual and practical importance; on the plete appreciation of Westminster Abbey. Only
other hand, the actual practice of such thinking." the soul of a mediæval theologian could take in all
Armed with this definition, the author proceeds to the rich significance of its religious symbolism ;
survey the history of intellectual endeavor, all the only a Sir Christopher Wren or a Ruskin could
way down from primitive man to the latest living enter entirely into its architectural spirit ; only the
champions of rationality against superstition. It is most poetically endowed nature could realize its
an inspiring subject, this history of the torch-bearers emotional sentiment; only a trained artist could
of the intellect, of the secular struggle of truth I follow its evidences of the rise, fall, decadence, and
goes on.


1899.]
323
THE DIAL
revival of English sculpture; only a thorough his vin. “The Fundamental Laws of Electrolytic Conduc-
torian or antiquarian could trace all the story of
tion” have been developed by Faraday, Professor
the massive building. Yet, though no one person
Hittorf, and Professor Kohlrausch, and memoirs by
combines in himself so numerous and so varied en-
these men make up the contents of a volume edited by
Professor H. M. Goodwin. This series is of the utmost
dowments, he would be stolid indeed who could
walk through these aisles and transepts and chapels
value to scientific students, and we hope that it will
come to include many more numbers.
without quickened pulse and uplifted spirit. What-
A package of the recent publications of the Univer-
ever else the visitor in England may forego, it will
sity of Pennsylvania has just been received. The most
surely not be a journey through this national Wal-
important of them (which we shall notice later) is a
halla or Temple of Fame. Whoever anticipates bulky monograph upon “ The Philadelphia Negro" by
this experience - and what good American does Dr. W. E. Burghardt DuBois, including also “ a special
not ? — should prepare himself by reading the report on domestic service," by Miss Isabel Eaton. In
charming little book on Westminster Abbey just
the astronomical series there is a quarto pamphlet of
issued by Messrs. M. F. Mansfield & Co., containing
“ Results of Observations with the Zenith Telescope of
a sketch of the Abbey by Dean Farrar and a chap-
the Flower Astronomical Observatory” for two years,
ter on The Poet's Corner” by the late Dean Stan-
by Mr. Charles L. Doolittle. A volume of “Contribu-
tions from the Botanical Laboratory” includes several
ley. The volume being artistically illustrated as
papers and a series of plates. In the philosophical
well as attractively written, it cannot fail to please series there is an essay “On Spinozistic Immortality,"
as well as to inform the reader, whether his interests
by Professor George Stuart Fullerton. Finally, in the
be of the artistic, the scientific, the historical, or philological series, there is an edition, by Professor
the antiquarian order.
Hugo A. Rennert, of the comedy “Ingratitud por
Amor,” by Don Guillen de Castro.
Stories of
Experiences peculiar to a special
“Webster's Collegiate Dictionary” (Merriam) is a
the Railroad calling or industry, narrated by an
volume of more than a thousand double-columned pages,
and Telegraph. actual employé or operative proficient abridged, of course, from the greater “ International.”
in its processes and its argot, and seasoned with the
It has many illustrations. There is one feature pecu-
“ romance of the occupation treated, form the
liar to this edition in the shape of a glossary of Scottish
basis of a branch of “literature” somewhat in vogue words and phrases designed for the guidance of “ kail-
just now. Rather favorable specimens of it are yard” readers. As one authority remarks, this work
Mr. John Alexander Hill's “Stories of the Rail is “ first class in quality and second class in size," which
road,” and Mr. Jasper Ewing Brady’s “ Tales of epigram may be taken for a sufficient description.
the Telegraph” (Doubleday and McClure Co.). There be few who may possess the “Golden Legend”
Mr. Hill, who has been a locomotive engineer on
of Jacobus de Voragine in any of its fifteenth or six-
the Rio Grande Railroad, indulges a thought too
teenth century editions, or in the sumptuous reprint of
the Kelmscott Press. But the pretty little volume of
freely in the sensational and the blood-curdling,
“ Leaves from the Golden Legend" (Dutton) which has
where he might more profitably have stuck to the
just been edited by Mr. H. D. Madge is within the
actual and credible, and always sufficiently moving, reach of the slenderest purses, and suffices to give a
incidents of his former calling. Like the “fat boy' fair idea of one of the most popular books of the mid-
in Pickwick, he wants to make your flesh creep”; dle ages. It is a very dainty booklet, and deserves a
and it is fair to say that he occasionally succeeds in
welcome.
doing it. But we advise him, nevertheless, to eschew The Whitaker & Ray Co. of San Francisco send us
melodrama and cling more closely to the actual in the following three pamphlets: “The Man Who Might
future. Mr. Brady is a lively and occasionally
Have Been,” by Mr. Robert Whitaker; “Love and
“slangy" writer, who tells very amusingly the
Law," by Dr. Thomas P. Bailey; and “California and
checkered story of his rambling career as a tele-
the Californians,” by President D. S. Jordan. Such
hideous covers as enclose these publications we have
graph operator. His concluding chapters on his
seldom seen; the contents surely deserved more con-
experiences at Tampa during the recent war, as a sideration than this.
Government censor of telegraphic matter, are in Mr. Paul Leicester Ford's edition of “The Writings
teresting, and we should like to see something fur of Thomas Jefferson" (Putnam) is now completed with
ther from Mr. Brady on this theme. Both books
the publication of the tenth volume. The letters and
are acceptably illustrated.
other writings of the closing decade (1816-1826) of
Jefferson's life are here printed, and the entire work is
provided with an elaborate index. We congratulate
Mr. Ford upon this addition his many solid contri-
BRIEFER MENTION.
butions to our historical literature.
Three additions have just been made to the series of « The True Basis of Economics” is a pamphlet de-
“Scientific Memoirs ” published by Messrs. Harper & fence of the theories of Henry George, by Dr. J. H.
Brothers. “ The Laws of Gases," as set forth in the Stallard. It takes the form of a lengthy argument by
memoirs by Robert Boyle and E. H. Amagat, have been Dr. Stallard, with pointed comments by President D. S.
edited (and the latter translated) by Professor Carl Jordan. It is hardly necessary to say that Dr. Jordan
Barus. Professor W. F. Magie is the editor and trans gets the best of the argument, or that his small share
lator of the papers devoted to “ The Second Law of in the book is far more weighty than the inflated decla-
Thermodynamics,” by Carnot, Clausius, and Lord Kel mation of his opponent.


324
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
66
Julien; and these three volumes from the American
LITERARY NOTES.
Book Co.: "Introductory French Prose Composition,"
A fifth revised edition of Mr. W. I. Lincoln Adams's by Mr. E. François ; Labiche's “ La Cigale Chez les
“ Amateur Photography” is published by the Baker &
Fourmis,” edited by Mr. T. J. Farrar; and some “Se-
Taylor Co.
lected Letters of Madame de Sévigné," edited by Mr.
Messrs. Longmans, Green, & Co. publish a new edi-
L. C. Syms.
tion of Dr. Mandell Creighton's popular history of
Longfellow's “Evangeline,” edited by Miss Agnes
Queen Elizabeth.
Lathe, and Lowell's “Sir Launfal,” edited by Miss
Messrs. D. C. Heath & Co. are the publishers of a
Ellen A. Vinton, are two additional volumes in the
“Lehrbuch der Deutschen Sprache,” by Mr. Arnold
“Cambridge Literature Series” of Messrs. B. H. San-
Werner-Spanhoofd.
born & Co.
The Macmillan Co. send us a new edition, “ with ad-
Messrs. G. P. Putnam's Sons have published a new
ditional stories,” of the “ Main Travelled Roads" of
edition of “The Art of Dining," by the late Abraham
Mr. Hamlin Garland.
Hayward. This work was first published in 1852, and
Mr. F.J. Stimson's historical novel, “ King Noanett,” has had several reissues. In its present form, it has
has just been reissued in a popular edition by Messrs.
certain "annotations and additions" made by Mr.
Charles Scribner's Sons.
Charles Sayle. There is also an excellent portrait of
the author.
The Insect World," by Mr. Clarence Moores Weed,
is the newest of the “ Home Reading Books” published
Messrs. Dodd, Mead & Co. are to be the American
by the Messrs. Appleton.
publishers of Mr. Swinburne's “Rosamund, Queen of
“A Course in Expository Writing,” by Miss Gertrude the Lombards,” and this interesting announcement is
Buck and Miss Elizabeth Woodbridge, has just been supplemented by the still more interesting one that the
published by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co.
same publishers are preparing “a new edition of Swin-
The “ Discourse on Method ” of Descartes, as trans-
burne's complete poems, revised and rearranged by the
lated by the late John Veitch, is published in the “Re-
author.” This news is almost too good to be true.
ligion of Science Library" by the Open Court Publish-
On the twenty-fifth of October came the not unex-
ing Co.
pected news of the death of Grant Allen. Born a
“The Messages of the Later Prophets" (Scribner),
Canadian, in 1848, his education was completed in Eu-
edited by Professors Frank Knight Sanders and Charles
rope, and, after taking an Oxford degree, he turned to
Foster Kent, is the latest volume in the “Messages of
teaching. An educational post in Jamaica held him for
the Bible" series.
some years, after which he returned to England. He
“Important Events” (Crowell), as edited by Mr.
soon turned his attention to writing, his first book being
the
George W. Powers, is a book of dates, classified under
Physiological Æsthetics" of 1877. Other serious
the countries which they concern. It is a pocketable
works were “ Îhe Color Sense,” « Charles Darwin," and
volume of much usefulness.
“ Anglo-Saxon Britain." A series of books made up of
Mr. John Sergeant Wise's “Diomed: The Life,
studies in popular science won for him a large circle of
readers. About twelve years ago he turned to fiction,
Travels, and Observations of a Dog,” has been acquired
and produced a series of novels which were pot-boilers
from the former publishers by the Macmillan Co., and
is now reissued in a second edition.
unabashed but proved highly successful as producers of
an income. “The Tents of Shem” and “The Woman
“ The Siege of Troye,” edited from MS. Harl. 525 by
Who Did” are among the best known of these pro-
Dr. C. H. A. Wager, is an expanded doctoral thesis
ductions.
presented to Yale University in 1895. The volume is
The retirement of Mr. E. L. Godkin from the active
now published by the Macmillan Co.
editorial control of the New York “ Evening Post” and
A pretty little book of “ Aucassin and Nicolette," as
“ Nation” has just been announced, and is a matter of
translated into English verse and prose by Mr. A. Rod-
ney Macdonough, with illustrations, has just been pub- ing spirit, first of the weekly paper and afterwards of
deep concern to all intelligent Americans. As the guid-
lished by Messrs. Fords, Howard & Hulbert.
Mr. Charles Herbert Moore's elaborate treatise upon
the daily as well, Mr. Godkin has been one of the
strongest forces in our public life, and, what is more
the “ Development and Character of Gothic Architect-
important, a force almost invariably exercised in behalf
ure" has just been republished by the Macmillan Co.
of the highest ideals of intelligence and morality. Not
in a second edition, "rewritten and enlarged."
long ago, one of the English reviews spoke of his activ-
The J. B. Lippincott Co. publish a new edition (the ity and influence as comparable with that so long exer-
fourth, enlarged) of that very valuable and interesting cised in England by John Stuart Mill; and the compar.
book, “Jerusalem, the City of Herod and Saladin," by ison is a just one. Whenever a great cause has needed
Sir Walter Besant and the late Professor Palmer.
a defender in this country, from the early days of the
The Doubleday & McClure Co. publish a volume of Reconstruction period to these later days which so om-
“ Popular Studies in Literature," dealing with Burns, inously threaten a departure from the political principles
Scott, and Byron. These studies, as edited by Mr. that have made our country great, such a defender has
Seymour Eaton, were originally published in a Chicago been found in the person of Mr. Godkin, and his voice
newspaper.
has been uplifted with no uncertain sound in behalf of
The following are the latest French text-books: truth and justice, no matter how unwelcome to the pop-
« Episodes from Le Vicomte de Bragelonne” (Long ulace such utterances might be. Few men have done our
mans), by Dumas, edited by Mr. F. H. Hewitt; country such true and loyal service as this adopted citi-
“ Longmans' Illustrated First Conversational French zen of the Republic, and we trust that his retirement from
Reader,” by Mr. T. H. Bertenshaw; “Benjamine" the editorial desk will not mean the end of his active
(Longmans), by M. Charles Deslys, edited by M. F. influence as a moulder of enlightened public opinion.


1899.)
325
THE DIAL
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 130 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
The Memoirs of Victor Hugo. Trang. from the French
by John W. Harding; with Preface by M. Paul Meurice.
With photogravure portrait, large 8vo, gilt top. G. W. Dill-
ingham Co. $2,50.
Maximilian in Mexico: A Woman's Reminiscences of the
French Intervention, 1862-1867. By Sara Yorke Steven-
son, Sc.D. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 327. Century
Co. $2.50.
Life of Charles Henry Davis, Rear Admiral, 1807-1877.
By his son, Captain Charles H. Davis. U.S. N. With por-
trait, 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 349. Houghton, Mifflin &
Co. $3.
Rupert Prince Palatine. By Eva Scott. Illus. in photo-
gravure, etc., large 8vo, uncat, pp. 381. G. P. Putnam's
Song. $3.50.
Bernardino Luini. By G. C. Williamson, Litt.D. Illus. in
photogravure, etc., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 144. "Great Mas-
tors in Painting and Sculpture." Macmillan Co. $1.75.
HISTORY.
A Comprehensive History of Texas, 1685 to 1897. Edited
by Dudley G. Wooten. In 2 vols., illus., large 8vo. Dallas,
Texas : William G. Scarff. $12. net.
The Roman History of Appian of Alexander. Trans.
from the Greek by Horace White, M.A. In 2 vols., illus.,
12mo, gilt tops, uncut. · Bohn's Classical Library."
Macmillan Co. $3, net.
A Political History of Europe since 1814. By Charles
Seignobos; translation edited by S. M. Macvane. 8vo,
pp. 881. Henry Holt & Co. $3. net.
The End of an Era. By John S. Wise. 8vo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 474. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $2.
Roman Life under the Cæsars. By Emile Thomas. Illus.,
12mo, uncut, pp. 370. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.75.
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
November, 1899.
Animals - Do They Reason? E. R. Young Pop. Science.
Artists, American Society and the. Aline Gorren. Scribner.
Bal des Quat'z' Arts. W. C. Morrow. Lippincott.
Balzac as he Was. W. E. Henley. Pall Mall.
Birds in London. W. L. Greene. Pall Mall.
Botany, New Field. B. D. Halsted. Popular Science.
Boy, Justice for the. J. A. Riis. Atlantic.
Cambridge University. Herbert Stotesbury. Pop. Science.
Capital, Can New Openings Be Found for? Atlantic.
Century, The Wonderful. W. K. Brooks. Pop. Science.
Chinese Development, Will it Benefit Western 'World. Forum.
Chinese Railroad and Mining Concessions. C. Denby, Jr. For.
Civil Service by Special Training. H. Atkinson. Forum.
Cromwell, Oliver. John Morley. Century.
Democracy, Real Problems of. Franklin Smith. Pop. Sci.
Diamonds, Emigrant, in America. W. H. Hobbs. Pop. Sci.
Drew, Mrs. John, Autobiographical Sketch of. Scribner.
Education Problems of 20th Century. C. F. Thwing. Forum.
Empire, Good Government of an. W. Cunningham, Atlantic.
Expansion, Territorial. J. G. Schurman. Review of Reviews.
Finnish Question, The. Rudolph Eucken. Forum.
Food Poisoning. Victor C. Vaughan. Popular Science.
France, World's Debt to. Jacob Schoenhof. Forum.
Goetbe's Mission to America. Kuno Francke. Atlantic.
Grizzly, Biography of a. E. S. Thompson. Century.
Latin Teaching in Germany, Changes in. Educ'l Review.
Llangollen, The Ladies of. Hon. Mrs. Armytage. Pall Mall.
McCarthy's Reminiscences. W. P. Trent. Forum.
Malaria, Mosquito Theory of. Ronald Ross. Pop. Science.
Malay States, A Lesson from. Hugh Clifford. Atlantic.
Marine, An American, Problem of. A. R. Smith. Forum.
Meteors, The November. C. A. Young. Lippincott.
Michigan State Normal College. B. L. D’Ooge. Ed. Rev.
Military Preparedness. Theodore Roosevelt. Century.
Municipal Ownership, A Successful Substitute. Rev. of Rev.
Mural Decoration, Making of. Royal Curtissoz. Century.
Negro, Case of the Booker T. Washington. Atlantic.
Newspapers, Famous Foreign. George A. Wade. Pall Mall.
Ohioans, The. Rollin L. Hartt. Atlantic.
“Old Ironsides,” Last Victory of. Geo. Gibbs. Lippincott.
Paris of Balzac. B. E. and Charlotte Martin. Scribner.
Peace Conference and Monroe Doctrine. Rev. of Reviews.
Pensions, Old Age, from Socialist's Standpoint. Lippincott.
Philadelphia's Water. C. R. Woodruff. Forum.
Photography, Pictorial. Alfred Stieglitz. Scribner.
Plates, Suppressed (Miscellaneous). G. S. Layard. Pall Mail.
Puerto Rico, Government of. H. K. Carroll. Forum.
Railway Geography. John P. Davis. Educational Review.
Rhodes, Cecil J. W. T. Stead. Review of Reviews.
Science, Century's Progress in. M. Foster. Ed. Review.
Sea, Last Winter's Tragedies of the. A. G. Froud. Forum.
Social Recapitulation. Arthur Allin. Educational Review.
Spain, Living or Dying? J. S. M. Curry. Forum.
Spain, Oar Relations with, Unwritten Chapter in. Lippincott.
Sparrow, Golden Crown, of Alaska. J. Burroughs. Century.
Spider Bites and "Kissing Bug.” L. 0. Howard. Pop. Sci.
Stage, The American William Archer. Pall Mall.
Storm of 1898, Great November. Sylvester Baxter. Scribner.
Superintendent and Board of Education. Educ'l Review.
Theater Sanitation. W. P. Gerhard. Popular Science.
Thoreau's Attitude Toward Nature. Bradford Torrey. Atl.
Toledo Manual Training School. J. H. Barrows. Rev. of Rev.
Tourgenev, New Letters of. Rosa Newmarch. Atlantic.
Trusts, Formation and Control of. A. T. Hadley. Scribner.
Van Dyck, In Honor of. Elizabeth Pennell. Atlantic,
Village, Suburban, A Model. C. E. Bolton. Rev. of Rev.
Wagner from Behind the Scenes. Gustav Kobbé. Century.
Wireless Telegraphy. John Trowbridge. Popular Science.
Workers in Europe and America, Attitude of. Forum.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
William Shakespeare: A Critical Study. By George
Brandes. New edition, two volumes in one. Large 8vo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 708. Macmillan Co. $2.60 net.
An Introduction to the Methods and Materials of
Literary Criticism. By Charles Mills Gayley, A.B., and
Fred Newton Scott, Ph.D. 12mo, pp. 587. Ginn & Co.
$1.40.
The Literary Study of the Bible: An Account of the
Leading Forms of Literature Represented in the Sacred
Writings. By Richard G. Moulton, M.A. Revised and
partly rewritten ; 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 569. D. C.
Heath & Co. $2.
Salad for the Solitary and the Social. By Frederick
Saunders, A.M. New edition ; illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 526. Thomas Whittaker.' $2.
Evenings with the Sacred Poets: A Series of Quiet Talks
about the Singers and their Songs. By Frederick Saunders,
A.M. New edition; illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 574.
Thomas Whittaker. $2.
Solomon and Solomonic Literature. By Moncure Daniel
Conway. 12mo, pp. 248. Open Court Publishing Co. $1.50.
Carnac Sahib: An Original Play in Four Acts. By Henry
Arthur Jones. 16mo, gilt top, pp. 142. Macmillan Co.
75 cts.
Old South Leaflets, Volume IV. 12mo. Boston : Directors
of the Old South Work. $1.50.
Home Study Circle. Edited by Seymour Eaton. First vol.,
Literature: Studies of Burns, Scott, and Byron. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 295. Doubleday & McClure Co. $1. net.
Tales of Languedoc. By Samuel Jacques Brun; with Intro-.
duction by Harriet W. Preston ; illus. by E. C. Peixotto.
New edition ; 12mo, pp. 240. Macmillan Co. $1.50.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
The “Chiswick" Shakespeare. Edited by John Dennis ;
illus, by Byam Shaw. First vols.: Hanulet. As You Like
It, Macbeth, and Othello. Each 24mo. Macmillan Co.
Per vol., 35 cts.
Shakespeare's Sonnets. Illustrated by Henry Ospovat.
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 200. John Lane. $1.25.


326
(Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
The Pickwick Papers. By Charles Dickens. 18mo, gilt
top: pp. 845. “New Century Library." Thomas Nelson
& Sons. $1.
Works of Rudyard Kipling, “Outward Bound" edition.
New vol.: The Day's Work, Part II. Illus., 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 303. Charles Scribner's Song. (Sold only by
subscription.)
Cassell's National Library. New vols.: Carlyle's Heroes
and Hero-Worship, Macaulay's Essay on Francis Bacon,
Shakespeare's As You Like It, Selected Poems from
Wordsworth, Selections from the Table Talk of Martin
Luther. Each 24mo. Cassell & Co., Ltd. Per vol., paper,
10 cts.
POETRY.
The Martyr's Idyl, and Shorter Poems. By Louise Imogen
Guiney. 16mo, gilt top, pp. 81. Houghton, Mifflin &
Co. $1.
The Night Has a Thousand Eyes, and Other Poems. By
F. W. Bourdillon. Illus.; 12mo, gilt top, pp. 73. Little,
Brown, & Co. $1.
Songs of the Soul: A Hundred Sonnets of Life and Love.
By William Henry Thorne. 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 121.
New York: Published by the author.
The House of the Sorcerer. By Haldane MacFall With
frontispiece, 12mo, uncut, pp. 233. Richard G. Badger
& Co. $1.25.
Mickey Finn Idylls. By Ernest Jarrold; with Introduction
by C. A. Dana. 12mo, pp. 281. Doubleday & McClure
Co. $1.25.
The Bondwoman. By Marah Ellis Ryan. 12mo, pp. 403.
Rand, McNally & Co. $1.25.
Miss Carmichael's Conscience: A Study in Fluctuations.
By Baroness von Hutten. With frontispiece, 16mo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 163. J. B. Lippincott Co. $1.
Main-Travelled Roads. By Hamlin Garland. New edition,
with additional stories. '12mo, gilt top, uncnt, pp. 299.
Macmillan Co. $1.50.
The House in the Hills. By Florence Warden. 12mo,
pp. 197. R. F. Fenno & Co. $1.
The Impression Club. By John Henton Carter. Illus.,
16mo, pp. 302. New York: Carter & Brother. $1.25.
Camp Arcady: The Story of Four Girls, and Some Others,
who “ Kept House" in a New York * Flat." By Floy
Campbell. Illus., 16mo, pp. 164. Richard G. Badger &
Co. 75 cts.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION.
Present - Day Egypt. By Frederic Courtland Penfield.
Illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 372. Century Co. $2.50.
A Prisoner of the Khaleefa: Twelve Years' Captivity at
Omdurman. By Charles Neufeld. Illus., large 8vo,
uncut, pp. 365. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $4.
Nooks and Corners of Old New York. By Charles Hem-
street; illus. by E. C. Peixotto. 8vo, uncut, pp. 228.
Charles Scribner's Sons. $2.
Quaint Corners of Ancient Empires: Southern India,
Burma, and Manila. By Michael Meyers Shoemaker.
Illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 212. G. P. Putnam's Sons,
$2.25.
Pioneering in the San Juan: Personal Reminiscences of
Work in Southwestern Colorado during the "Great San
Juan Excitement." By the Rev. George M. Darley, D.D.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 226. F. H. Revell Co. $1.50.
FICTION.
Janice Meredith: A Story of the American Revolution.
By Paul Leicester Ford. With frontispiece in colors,
12mo, pp. 536. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
The King's Mirror. By Anthony Hope. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 368. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
Little Novels of Italy. By Maurice Hewlett. 12mo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 343. Macmillan Co. $1.50.
Parson Kelly. By A. E. W. Mason and Andrew Lang.
With frontispiece, 12mo, uncut, pp. 417. Longmans, Green,
& Co. $1.50.
The Vizier of the Two-Horned Alexander. By F. R.
Stockton. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 235. Century
Co. $1.25.
Dionysius the Weaver's Heart's Dearest. By Blanche
Willis Howard. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 375. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
“Young April." By Egerton Castle. Illus., 12mo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 452. Macmillan Co. $1.50.
Active Service. By Stephen Crane. 12mo, pp. 345. F. A.
Stokes Co. $1.25.
Miranda of the Balcony: A Story. By A. E. W. Mason.
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1899.]
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J. F. TAYLOR & Co.'S NEW BOOKS.
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