esus by
Dr. Cheyne's scholarship and literary skill the late Prof. O. B. Bruce occupies but twenty
have moulded the entire volume. Of the 559 columns, or ten pages, and is too brief. Its
signed articles, he wrote all of 322, and parts tenor is too ambiguous; the author neither
of 47 others. These facts are ample proof occupies the radical position of “Gospels,” nor
of the critical ability and scholarship that that of the same article in Hastings's “ Diction-
stamps the work. His versatility is seen in ary of the Bible."
the range of themes on which he writes, rang-
One of the most useful aids to the Bible
ing from “ Iron ” to “Faith," from “ Jero- student offered in this volume is the superior
boam ” to “ John the Baptist ” and “ Judas.” grade of maps inserted in their proper places.
His straightforward, bold method of treating These are elegantly executed and brought
the text, his freedom to amend and change strictly up-to-date.
such readings as seem necessary to his critical The Encyclopædia Biblica” may not prop-
”
judgment, are everywhere apparent. The erly be termed a dictionary of the Bible, but a
opinion of others is respected, but Dr. Cheyne register of the most advanced criticism of the
as editor does not neglect to give utterance to day as set forth by Swiss, German, Dutch,
the latest and most-advanced position on each British, and American scholars.
This is now
theme treated.
the established sphere of this work, rather
* ENCYCLOPÆDIA BIBLICA: A Critical Dictionary of the
than that of setting forth the consensus of
Literary, Political, and Religious History, the Archæology, progressive scholarship on all topics that are
Geography, and Natural History of the Bible. Edited by of value and interest in the study of the
the Rev. T. K. Cheyne, M.A., D.D., and J. Sutherland
Black, M.A., LL.D. Volume II., E. to K. New York:
Scriptures.
The Macmillan Co.
IRA M. PRICE.


80
[Aug. 1,
THE DIAL
65
Americans.
"
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
sassinations, poisonings, or intrigues, with which
Spanish history is replete, and the condensed re-
The name of Mr. Martin A. S.
counting of which serves only to confuse and weary
Narrative of the
Spanish People.
Hume has already become familiar the mind of the reader. The progress and develop-
to the readers of popular history as ment of the Spanish people are so brought out that
a contributor to those publications which, issued in the careful reader, with labored effort, may achieve
the form of a series, purport to supply historical
a correct conception; but the mass of detail and
information especially arranged for the general incident preclude a clear impression for the average
public. In 1897 he wrote a life of Raleigh for the reader. The author states that he has not written
ir Builders of Greater Britain” series ; last year
a history, but a general survey; yet the text denies
appeared his “ Modern Spain" in the Stories of
the promise of the preface. “ The Spanish People”
the Nations,” and now he comes forward again as
is essentially condensed history, accurate but un-
the author of the first volume in a “Great Peoples "
interesting. Mr. Hume is an expert in the sense
series (Appleton). The only novelty claimed
of the editor's announcement; but a just criticism
for this new enterprise by the editor, Mr. York
of this work must emphasize the fact that another
Powell, is that the various numbers are to be writ-
ten by experts ; not by men of mere literary gifts, of a work primarily intended for popular reading.
form of expert ability is also essential in the writing
comparatively unfamiliar with the topics assigned
them. This is a back-handed and seemingly unjust
At a time when Americans seem
Three great
aspersion upon other similar series, and it remains democratic more than usually disposed to forget
to be seen whether the result shall justify the se-
that they have a past from which
lection of the expert, for the editor disclaims for the highest ideals ever known to a sovereign people
the series any intention of supplying exact history. are to be derived, the publication of three volumes
It is, he says, “not so much a set of political or
in the “Riverside Biographical Series" (Hough-
military or even social histories, as a sequence of ton), standing for as many phases of our national
readable studies on the tendencies and potencies of development, assumes educational importance. The
the chief peoples of the world.” If this is the pur. volume on William Penn is by Mr. George Hodges,
pose, the publication of Mr. Hume's “ The Spanish who within his rather contracted limits contrives
People" as the initiatory volume was not judicious. to paint a firm and well-realized portrait of a man
Mr. Hume is unquestionably a careful student, whose example Americans have never departed
thoroughly familiar with the field in which he from without harm. Penn dealt justly with the
labors, but he is writing too much and too rapidly. Indians, and was rewarded by their affection, re-
His “ Raleigh ” showed discrimination, and con- spect, and fidelity. Most of all he was the first to
tained some new matter on the trial and execution announce the broadest principles of civil and reli-
of his hero; his “ Modern Spain" was without gious liberty in the organic acts he prepared for
question a hurried labor indifferently performed ; the government of Pennsylvania, a step in advance
while this last volume, though it gives evidence of which his successors have yet to bring to perfect
the author's knowledge and research, is on the fruition. Penn is clearly seen as a religious zealot
whole less suited to the purpose of a popular series who tempered his principles by participation in
than was either of the other two. Mr. Hume un. politics, thereby extending the influence of those
derstands, perhaps better than any other modern principles far beyond the sphere of his personal
writer in English, the causes of Spanish develop-
influence. He was loyal to his friends, and never
ment and decline. He appreciates the supreme
thought them wrong, suffering rather all his life
importance of geographical and ethnological char- for the preservation of his ideals. — Mr. Henry
acteristics, without a knowledge of which the history Childs Merwin, in his sketch of Thomas Jefferson,
of Spain is but a confused jumble of unreasonable has given the world a brief and fully sympathetic
contentions. He insists with truth that it was the account of that great statesman which is free from
individuality of diverse races in separate localities adoration on one side and rancour toward Hamilton
which gave to Spain the power and splendor of and his followers on the other. Perhaps the final
magnificent achievement under the direction of a test of any writer's comprehension of Jeffersonian
wise government.
He exhibits the Inquisition as, principles is made by the acceptance of his polity
in the beginning, a creative, not a destructive, in- that government should always stand in moral fear
stitution, essentially popular with the masses, and of the governed ; and here Mr. Merwin does not
working in harmony with individual initiative. waver. He is free to criticize Jefferson both politi-
Religious fanaticism was, in fact, as great a cause cally and personally, following a useful precedent
of national development in Spain as in England ; which has left the author of the Declaration the
but, unfortunately for Spain, the Inquisition ulti- most human figure among the Fathers of the Re-
mately destroyed its ally and became the tool of a public; but his fine comprehension of the man and
despotic government. Mr. Hume states these ideas, his acceptance of the doctrine of self-government
but states them piecemeal, in separated chapters make the book an illuminating one. Interesting
and paragraphs, in the midst of a mass of weari. at the present time is the first declaration of the
some details of the petty political manævures, as- policy known as the Monroe Doctrine, showing it
а


1901.)
81
THE DIAL
a
a
a
to have limitations upon America as well as upon of the highest kind of art criticism, for neither
Europe in the phrase declaring the need for a arouses much interest; but both are of kind
very
meridian .. on the hither side of which no useful to the art-student who has gained elsewhere
European gun shall ever be heard, nor an Ameri- enthusiasm and appreciation of his subject. More
can on the other.” — The volume on Peter Cooper, interesting on the whole, and not less critical, is the
by Mr. Rossiter W. Raymond, lacks the sympathy volume on Pintoriccio by Mr. E. March Phillips.
for the political principles peculiar to its subject, The subject is not especially fascinating, but it is
notable in its predecessors; but this is the only so handled that we regret the author had not more
omission to be complained of. Peter Cooper stands important material.
to-day as the American most noted for his intelli-
gent benefactions to the cause of education, and
Mr. A. B. Walkley, the author of
Criticism for a
the reason is made clear by his biographer. In
"Frames of Mind” (published in
summer afternoon.
giving, he did not deprive himself of a little of his
England two years ago, and now
substance, retaining more than sufficed for his needs, imported by M. F. Mansfield & Co.), is not unknown
but rather pinched himself to give, - accumulating
,
in this country, chiefly as one interested in what
by piecemeal, for example, the property on which may be called new developments in literature. He
the Cooper Union now stands, in order to make furnished, for instance, an introduction to the trans-
his gift as efficacious as possible. Penn stands as lation of Maeterlinck's “ Treasure of the Humble."
the democrat of the colonial, Jefferson of the early His “ Frames of Mind," so far as this book records
national, and Cooper of the first great commercial them, are mostly, though not all, induced by books
epoch in American history; and all represent a
and plays. We have, for example, short essays
vital and moving force and sympathy, without which the book is a collection of work already published)
(
the New World were the mere appanage, morally on Pinero, and Bernard Shaw, and Mrs. Craigie
and socially, of the Old.
as a dramatist; on Forbes Robertson’s “ Hamlet,”
and Sarah Bernhardt's; and notes on Anatole
The series on * Great Masters in
France in his “Histoire Contemporaine," and on
Great painters Painting and Sculpture” (Macmil-
and sculptors.
Maeterlinck's “Wisdom and Destiny.” Not that
lan) has now reached the number of
Mr. Walkley neglects older work, - he is a good
fifteen volumes. They are of very unequal merit.
deal interested in Dr. Johnson,
nor that his
No one of them is without value : the great number
“ Frames of Mind” are all literary, for not a few
of illustrations, the careful catalogue of works
of them are reminiscences of holiday and travel.
arranged according to galleries, the lists of dates
His book is amusing to one who is interested in the
and documents, these and one or two other fea.
things he writes about, although he cannot exactly
tures will always make them useful handbooks. For
be said either to strike any
“new note"
general convenience they seem to us to be rather
serve the staid conventionality of the critical essay.
superior to the Knackfuss series of Künstler-Mono-
These bits are the light-hearted and light-handed
graphieu, some numbers of which have been trans-
weekly writing for the newspaper of which there
lated. The Knackfuss books have more illustrations
is so much nowadays, though not all of it is as good
as a rule, and cost less money; but their arrange- as this. Now and then one comes across a good
ment is not so convenient, certainly for purposes of idea, although it is apt to belong to the thing dealt
reference. So the present series is one which an
with rather than to the dealing with it,
as in the
art-student will want to have. Some of the volumes
conception of “Hamlet” as the curious, inquiring
are excellent, as, for example, Mr. Stevenson's
man of the Renaissance. Still, Mr. Walkley is by
monograph on Velasquez, which we noticed some
means without ideas, and his turning about
But other volumes are clearly not up to of current literary themes may occupy a summer
the mark, — for instance, the volume on Luca della hour very pleasantly.
Robbia by the Marchesa Burlamacchi, which ap-
pears to us to lack any real appreciation of Della
The speeches
The volume of “Speeches and Ad-
Robbia as it certainly lacks any excellence in pre-
dresses” by D. M. Delmas, Esquire,
sentation. It is not clearly conceived, and it is
of a lawyer.
of San Francisco, is made up of
expressed in very poor English. The cause of the arguments in the courts of California ; addresses
latter failing may perhaps be that the lady is an on various public occasions, educational, political,
Italian, we know nothing to the contrary, — but and literary; and at least one speech of more than
even if this is the case, an English editor should usual power, delivered at Santa Cruz on the day
before the last Presidential election, in which radical
at a first reading. Somewhat more satisfactory, ground is taken against the imperialistic policy of
certainly better written, is the volume on Sodoma the present administration. The speech evinces
:
or to pre-
no
time ago.
and addresses
have been careful to make the text comprehensible bet
by the Contessa Prinli. Bon. Dr. Williamson, the careful preparation, and is in a sense a classic upon
to
of more his
own books than in some of the others. The second
of his own volumes, that on Perugino, appears to
policy. One of the interesting legal questions con-
sidered by Mr. Delmas was, whether a court has


82
(Aug. 1,
THE DIAL
.
the publication of the proceedings of a trial pend-off Japan, the architecture of which latter country
ing before it. He contended that it had not, and receives sympathetic treatment at the hand of Mr.
was sustained in this position by the Supreme Ralph Adams Cram. Mr. Sturgis's own historical
Court of California. The case is fully reported in knowledge and lucidity of statement appear to ad-
Volume 99 of the California Reports. His descrip- vantage in this volume, both in the shorter defini-
tion of a political “boss” before a jury is especially tions and descriptions and in sections of the articles
scathing, and his eulogy of the late United States on the architecture of a number of the countries
Senator White is an eloquent tribute to an eminent referred to. Mr. Blashfield's article on mural
statesman of the Pacific slope. The “Speeches and painting is interesting in its exposition of ways and
Addresses,” of which there are sixteen, show the means, and in the critical notes and comparisons.
author to be a lawyer of more than average ability, It is a long step from mural painting to house-
and to possess the power of oratory in a marked drainage, but that a work like the present would
degree. His utterances are well worthy of preser- be incomplete without treating of both serves to
vation in this permanent form. The volume con- show the extent of territory covered in the practice
tains a good portrait of the author, and is published of architecture. Mr. William Paul Gerhard, in his
by A. M. Robertson, San Francisco.
article on house-drainage, suggests that the matter
An artless book, but one that con-
is of so great importance that it should be left to
College life
in California.
specialists. But in all large cities, and most small
veys a vivid impression of life among
Western college students, has been
ones, the lines are laid down so rigidly in the sani-
written by Mr. Joy Lichtenstein with the title,
tary regulations that the architect and the sanitary
“ For the Blue and Gold: A Tale of Life at the
engineer are held to about the same course of
action. Mr. Gerhard's article enunciates the prin-
University of California” (A. M. Robertson, San
Francisco). Indeed, it is doubtful if completer çiples and tabulates certain desirable
and necessary
data. The criticisms previously offered in these
literary expression could enhance the clearness of
columns upon the execution and selection of certain
the outlines which the youthful author bas chosen
for his expression of undergraduate life. The ad-
of the plates and cuts used in illustrating the former
part of this work hold, though perhaps not_80
vantages of a coeducational institution over the
broadly, in the case of the present volume. The
unisexual type, like Vassar or Harvard, is manifest
article on India, the architecture of which is so
when it comes to the inclusion of a romance along
with the more ordinary proceedings of a university, though the field is so fertile in beautiful and readily
distinctive in its character, is not illustrated at all,
and Mr. Lichtenstein has done very well in per-
procurable examples; while the architecture of
mitting a pretty love-story to attach itself to his
Mexico receives abundant illustration, especially
narrative. In addition, there are pages of athletics,
from the examples which might properly enough
the hero being on the football team (in contrast
be given under the general head of Spanish Archi-
with the college novels of a generation ago, which
tecture. However, the Dictionary is assuming its
always made their principal character an oarsman),
form as an admirable book of reference.
and a chosen leader among his fellows, though
without influence, either of money or social status,
beyond his own personality. The rivalry with the
Col. Higginson
In a volume under the title “ Ameri-
can Orators and Oratory,” printed
neighboring University founded by the late Senator
orators and oratory. by the Imperial Press at Cleveland,
Stanford is made to lend interest throughout the
work, and the part played by college customs,
Ohio, are preserved the “ lectures delivered by
already crystallizing into institutions, finds expres-
Thomas Wentworth Higginson at Western Reserve
sion. At the same time the emulation in more
University under the auspices of the Western Re-
quiet, and scholarly pursuits are not permitted to go
serve Chapter, Daughters of the American Revo-
lution.” The three lectures that make
up
the book
by default — though the interest here is by no means
deal with “Colonial Oratory,” “Revolutionary Ora-
80 great. Photographs of the buildings and grounds
at Berkeley complete the versimilitude of the work,
tory," and "Anti-Slavery and Lyceum Oratory,"
which is undeniably accurate in the letter-press in
and they are all racy with anecdote. The volume
is not so much a discussion of particular orators
a similarly photographic way.
and their work as it is a treatment of the develop-
The second of the contemplated ment of oratory in its relation to the history of the
of the Dictionary
three volumes of Mr. Russell Stur- country. Inevitably it touches upon many of the
of Architecture.
gis's “ Dictionary of Architecture things that have stirred men's souls from the days
and Building" (Macmillan) supplements the first of Cotton Mather to Wendell Phillips, but the
in such manner as to make clearly comprehensible author's vein of pleasantry serves to give interest
the richness of the completed whole as a work of to the story without reviving its intenser feelings.
reference. The volume is rich, too, in material for For the color that it gives to the days when from
the student and lover of architecture, by reason of the pulpit or the rostrum men gave voice to their
the extended and scholarly articles on the archi- deepest convictions, the book is well worth reading,
tecture of France, Italy, Germany, Greece, and far- brief and rambling though it be.
>
on American
66
A second volume


1901.)
83
THE DIAL
6
>
The projected translation of the
More exposition
complete writings of Friedrich
NOTES.
of Vietzsche.
Nietzsche has not found sufficient Kinglake's “Eothen” forms a welcome volume in
favor to warrant its continued publication, and the the “ Temple Classics" series, imported by the Mac-
three volumes already issued are likely to be all
millan Co.
that we shall have for some time. Possibly the “ A Laboratory Course in Plant Physiology," by Dr.
ideas of this remarkable man may turn out to be
William F. Ganong, is published by Messrs. Henry
Zukunfts-philosophie, but the present does not find
Holt & Co.
them acceptable. Undiscouraged, however, by the
A new novel by Dr. James Ball Naylor, author of
failure of the complete edition, Mr. Thomas Com-
“Ralph Marlowe,” will be issued next month by the
Saalfield Publishing Co.
mod has set about attracting the public to his phil-
Volume III. of Dr. Orello Cone's series of « Inter-
osopher in a new way. He has just published,
national Hand books to the New Testament,” including
through Messrs. E. P. Datton & Co., a volume en-
Hebrews, Colossians, Ephesians, etc., has just been pub-
titled “Nietzsche as Critic, Philosopher, Poet, and
lished by Messrs. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
Prophet,” which is essentially a compilation of “A Little Book of Tribune Verse,” by the late
choice and striking excerpts from the writings of
Eugene Field, extracted from the files of the Denver
Nietzsche. The book makes an attractive appear- «Tribune" by Mr. Joseph G. Brown, is published by
ance; the passages are not too long to grow weari. Messrs. Tandy, Wheeler & Co., Denver.
some; and, altogether, the book is calculated to It is announced that the music publications of Messrs.
provide a favorable introduction of the philosopher Scott, Foresman & Co., including the “Modern Music
to a circle of new readers. An etched portrait and Series” and its complementary books, will hereafter
an introductory essay are important features of the be issued under the imprint of Messrs. Silver, Burdett
& Co.
volume.
Mr. Roswell Field's story “ The Passing of Mother's
Portrait,” published in a recent issue of the “ Atlantic
Monthly," is soon to be issued in book form by Mr.
William S. Lord of Evanston, Ill. The edition will be
BRIEFER MENTION.
limited.
A noble bit of literature, presented in a thoroughly
“Crazes, Credulities, and Christian Science,” by Dr.
fitting and beautiful form, is to be found in the reprint
Charles M. Oughton, is a publication of Mr. E. H.
of Thoreau's essay “Of Friendship,” lately issued in a
Colegrove, Chicago. The book is excellently named,
special limited edition by Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin &
and plain speaking, combined with plain sense, are its
Co. Produced at the Riverside Press under the direc-
conspicuous virtues.
tion of Mr. Bruce Rogers, the volume is in every
« The Legend of Sir Lancelot du Lac," by Miss Jessie
mechanical detail a fine example of artistic, dignified,
L. Weston, is Volume XII. of “The Grimm Library,"
and conservative workmanship. Of the essay itself, published by Mr. David Nutt. The origin, develop-
Robert Louis Stevenson said that it contained “the ment, and position of this work in the Arthurian cycle
noblest and most useful passage I remember to have are the matters considered in this excellent monograph.
read in any modern author," and James Russell Lowell Japan and America” is a new monthly paper,
declared it altogether “worthy of one who has so long edited by Mr. Stanhope Sams, and published in New
communed with Nature and with Emerson." This little York. Its contents are half English and half Japanese,
reprint is a volume to be cherished by those book-lovers the latter being printed in roman characters. Indeed,
who have been fortunate enough to secure a copy.
one of the chief aims of the paper is to popularize this
The "French and English Dictionary,” prepared by particular innovation.
Messrs. Hjalmar Edgren and Percy Burnet, and pub- “ The Chevalier de St. George and the Jacobite
lished by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co., is a welcome
Movement in his Favour," edited by Mr. Charles S.
improvement upon school dictionaries of the ordinary
Terry, and published by Mr. David Nutt, is a narrative,
type. It is representative of the best modern philo- ingeniously pieced together from contemporary sources,
logical scholarship, and its intelligent use of phonetic of one of the most fascinating movements in English
marks and other symbols makes possible the introduc-
and Scotch history.
tion of a great deal of helpful information for which We are very much opposed to the abridgment of
one would consult most dictionaries in vain. Stress is works of literature for school purposes, but if ever the
laid upon the three features of phonetic pronunciation, process is justifiable, it is in the case of such a book as
sound etymologies, and the dates of the earliest appear- « Clarissa Harlowe." Mr. C. H. Jones, at any rate,
ance of French words in the language. The editors has thought the work justifiable, and has performed it
bave not been afraid of inserting proper names and with much skill. Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. are the
irregular forms in the alphabetical series, for which publishers.
many perplexed students will be grateful. We note “ The Current Encyclopedia,” issued by the Modern
one necessary criticism. A prefatory table gives us the Research Co., Chicago, is a new monthly publication
astonishing information that “five francs to the dollar designed to deal, in encyclopedic manner, with the
is the par of exchange, which fluctuates from time to topics that are uppermost in the public mind. It has
time." Now fluctuation is the one thing which is im- the Rev. Samuel Fallows for editor-in-chief, and has
possible to a par of exchange, and the relation between provided itself with an excellent staff of contributors.
the franc and the dollar is not to be expressed so simply There will be two volumes a year, and the indexing
as tbat.
will be cumulative until a volume is complete. The
only
»
a


84
(Aug. 1,
THE DIAL
9)
1
first number, dated July, makes a very creditable
showing, although history and politics seem to get a
disproportionate share of attention. This inequality,
we are promised, will be remedied in subsequent issues.
Beginning with September, the publication of
“ Shakespeareana,” a quarterly periodical conducted
by The Shakespeare Society of New York, will be
resumed. The Society also announces its thirteenth
publication, “ The Sonnets and Shakespeare's Rival
Poet, with a Reprint of Chapman's Related Poems,”
by Mr. Arthur Acheson. The volume will be issued
late in October, in the usual limited edition.
A most attractive and satisfactory edition of the
complete works of Charles Stuart Calverley is pub-
lished by the Macmillan Co. in connection with Messrs.
George Bell & Sons of London. The volume contains
a photogravure portrait, and an extended biographical
notice prepared by Sir Walter J. Sendall, editor of the
“ Literary Remains of C. S. Calverley,” and a long-
time friend of the poet.
The report of the Aguilar Free Library Society of
New York City for the past two years has just been
issued, and shows a record of remarkable progress in
an excellent work. The Society maintains four free
libraries, which are mostly situated in poor and densely
populated sections of the city, and which show a large
increase in circulation each year. The open shelf sys-
tem is now used in all of these libraries, and each one
has a reference room and also a children's room. Dur.
ing the past two years 45,767 readers have made use
of the inain reference room.
It seems that John Fiske, at the time of his death,
was at work
upon “ New England and New France in
America," the one work needed to make bis historical
series practically complete from the Discovery to the
Revolution. This work would doubtless have been finish-
ed long ago had not the author's attention been diverted
by the enterprise called the “ History of All Nations,"
under the editorship of Professor Wright of Harvard.
This series of volumes, twenty-four in number, will
appear in the Autumn, and for it Fiske wrote the three
volumes devoted to the history of the New World.
Government Exhibit at Buffalo. F. W. Clarke. Forum.
Haeckel, Professor, and his Work. Ray S. Baker. McClure.
Hundred Years' War of To-Day. R. D. Blumenfeld. Harper.
India, Impressions of. H. C. Potter. Century.
Industrial Changes since 1893. C. D. Wright. World's Work.
Insular Cases, The. Geo. F. Edmunds. North American.
Latin America, Our Trade with. F. Emory. World's Work.
Metric System and International Commerce. J. H. Gore. For.
Moon, Birth and Death of the. E. S. Holden. Harper.
Mosquitoes and Disease. L. 0. Howard. Rev. of Reviews.
New York City, Rural. Jesse L. Williams. Scribner.
New York, Midsummer in. Mrs. S. Van Rensselaer. Century.
Niagara, Chaining of. 0. E. Dunlap. World's Work.
Pacification by Arson. Exul. Forum.
Pan-American as Work of Art. C. H. Caffin. World's Wk.
Pan-American Exhibits, Stories of Interesting. World's Wk.
Pan-American Exposition, The. W. H. Page. World's Wk.
Pan-American, Play-Side of. Mary B. Hartt. World's Wk.
Paris Commune, The, 30 Years after. Wm. Trant. Century.
Pension System, Defects in Our. F. E. Leupp. Forum.
Philippines, Katipunan of the. L. W. V. Kennon. No. Amer.
Photographing by Light of Venus. W. R. Brooks. Century.
President's Tour, The. Henry L. West. Forum.
Provincialism, The New. A. R. Kimball. Atlantic.
Railway Combinations, Recent. H.T. Newcomb. Rev. of Rev.
Reciprocity or the Alternative. Brooks Adams. Atlantic.
Russia, America's Agricultural Regeneration of. Century.
Sea, Life in the. C. M. Blackford, Jr. North American.
Spanish Treaty Claims Commission. J. L. Rodriguez. Forum.
Speculation, Uses of. Charles A. Conant. Forum.
Statistical Blunders. Henry Gannett. Forum.
Supreme Court and Dependencies. G.S. Boutwell. N. Amer.
Taft, Governor, and Our Philippine Policy. Rev. of Reviews.
Trade Unionism, Effect of, on British Industries. N. Amer.
Train-Despatcher, Duties of a. C. DeL, Hine. Century.
Two-Party System, Failure of. Albert Watkins. Forum.
Tyler, Moses Coit. W. P. Trent. Forum.
Venice Gardens. Lee Bacon. Century.
Workman's “Golden Age"in America. W.J. Ghent. For.
World's National Indebtedness. 0. P. Austin, No. Amer.
Yeatman, James E., - A Great Citizen. Review of Reviews.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 52 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
August, 1901.
Actor, the, - Is he Illiterate ? Stuart Robson, Forum.
Amateur Spirit, The Atlantic.
August Days. John Burroughs. Harper.
Biographers, Prince of. P. A. Sillard. Atlantic.
Canada, The Isolation of. J. D. Whelpley. Atlantic.
Christian Science, Logic of. W. D. McCrackan. No. Amer.
Citizen, An Exemplary. W. D. Howells. North American.
College Students, Luxury among. W. R. Harper. Century.
Country House, An Old. R. Le Gallienne. Harper.
Cuba's Industrial Possibilities. A. G. Robinson. Rev. of Revs.
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from Mrs. Custer's entertaining narra- four volumes already published History of Education
tives, and adapted for young children. has been changed to $1.00 net.
(Third Reader.)
12mo. 292 pages. $1.00 net.
A CIVICS FOR HIGH SCHOOLS, TO BE PUBLISHED IN AUGUST
“GOVERNMENT IN STATE
AND NATION"
By James A. JAMES, Ph.D., Professor of History in Northwestern University, and Albert H. SANFORD,
M.C., Professor of History in the Stevens Point, Wis., Normal School. 12mo. (In Press.)
The publishers will be pleased to give further information about these new books upon request.
NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS CHICAGO


92
(Aug. 16,
THE DIAL
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY.
BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.
New Publications
Gibson's Blossom Hosts and Insect Guests
How the Heath Family, the Bluets, the Figworts, the Orchids, and
similar Wild Flowers welcome the Bee, the Fly, the Wasp, the
Moth, and other faithful Insects. By WILLIAM HAMILTON GIBSON.
Edited by Eleanor E. Davie. Illustrated by the author, 217 pages,
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A simple exposition of the method by which flowers are fertilized,
a subject which Mr. Gibson was the first American to investigate.
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Edited by WALTER RIPPMANN and WALTER H. BUELL. These books for
the early teaching of Modern Languages have had a great success in
England and on the Continent. They are based on the principles
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93
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94
(Aug. 16, 1901.
THE DIAL
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY'S
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Flowers and Ferns in Their Reconstruction in Mississippi.
Haunts.
By JAMES WILFORD GARNER, Pb.M., Fellow in
By MABEL OsgooD WRIGHT, author of “ Birdcraft,"
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Main Currents in Nineteenth
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THE DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
II.
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public. One exception to this statement may
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No. 364.
AUGUST 16, 1901. Vol. XXXI.
a Society for Useful Books, “ with the aim of
publishing a volume for the people every
month. Well printed and bound, and very
CONTENTS.
cheap, these books have been published in
great numbers, and ought to encourage the
A YEAR OF CONTINENTAL LITERATURE.-II. 95 taste for reading.” Among works of scholar-
ship, we may mention “Greek Proverbs,” by
COMMUNICATIONS
99
Professor N. Politis ; the concluding volume
Has College English Improved ? James Melvin Lee.
of a “History of Athens under the Turkish
Origin of “Indian Summer.” Albert Matthews.
Dominion," by Mr. D. Kamburoglus; a “His-
THE GREEK THINKERS AND THEIR ENVI- tory of Crete from the Earliest Times to the
RONMENT. Paul Shorey
100 Present,” by Mr. B. Psilakis ; and “Political
Studies," by Mr. Leon Melas, in which latter
THE RELATIONS OF GEOGRAPHY AND HIS-
work “the Bulgarian question and the privi-
TORY. E. D. Adams .
103
leges of the Greek Church in Turkey are con-
MASTERS OF FRENCH LITERATURE. Samuel sidered.”
C. Earle.
104
In the department of belles-lettres • The Healing
Plant of Love,' by Mr. G. Drossinis, a really fine novel;
THE FOUR GEORGES. Charles W. French
105
the tender collection of verses Alabastra,' by Mr.
STUDIES IN EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS. A. 8.
Johannes Polemis; and the substantial poems of Mr. S.
Martzokis, seem most worthy of mention. The Death
Whitney
106
of the Palikares' is a weighty poem by Mr. Konstantin
Hinsdale's The Art of Study. - Bennett and Bristol's Palamas."
The Teaching of Latin and Greek. - Scott's Nature-
Study and the Child. -Schaeffer's Thinking and
Heer Steyn Streuvels has already been men.
Learning to Think. - Baker's Education and Life. -
tioned in these summaries by Professor Fred-
Dresser's Education and the Philosophic Ideal. – ericq, and Mr. C. K. Elout, writing from
Young's The Teaching of Mathematics in the Higher
Holland, discusses him at much length as the
Schools of Germany. - Shaw's School Hygiene. —
one important new writer of the year.
Redway's The New Basis of Geography.
“ He is the true peasant's poet, representing not the
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
108 old Arcadian, unreal school, nor the modern, gloomy
The last decade of Elizabeth's reign. – Marie Bash-
pessimism of which M. Zola's · La Terre' is a grand
kirtseff and de Maupassant.-Handbook of the chief expression, but a sound, warm-hearted, though cool-
cities of Northern Italy. – The Hebrew and the
brained poetical conception of reality. He has neither
American Commonwealth. - The difficulties of Co-
enthusiasm nor disdain for the peasant; he looks upon
lonial history. - A new short life of George Eliot. –
him as a thing of nature, which deserves our attention
The speeches of Oliver Cromwell. – Mediæval forms
as much as a tree or a cloud or a meadow, and even
of classic mythology. – The terror of mosquitoes. –
more than these because there is a human soul in the
Romantic Edinburgh.
. . Besides, this simple young Flemish baker
has a language of his own. He knows Dutch very well,
BRIEFER MENTION.
111 apparently, but he adds to it with archaisms and peasant
expressions. His language is not Flemish, however,
NOTES
111 but most decidedly Dutch — as sound and sare a Dutch
as Vondel ever wrote, only with the great advantage of
LIST OF NEW BOOKS .
112 linguistic riches from neighbouring stores.”
6
.
.
.
6
.
.
a
-
case.
.
.
.
.


96
[Aug. 16,
THE DIAL
>
Heer van Eeden’s “ The Limpid Lakes of Umbrella" is "the very best of contemporary
Death” is a novel which illustrates “ psychol. Hungarian novelists." This year he has pub-
ogy, culminating in absolute pathology. lished “A Strange Marriage,” his longest
“ The young lady who is the heroine of this novel novel. - An historical background displays
ends in placid tranquility, after passing through the the adventures and divorce of a couple forcibly
basest phases of a woman's life. It is, however, notice-
married against their wish by a clergyman who
able that van Eeden never passes the limits of decency
in this book. An ultra-realistic author would, no doubt,
had seduced the wife.” Other works of fiction
have painted the abject doings of such a woman as his include “ Budapest,” by Mr. Tamas Kobor
heroine in barsher colours. Van Eeden is content with
(the beginning of a projected series after the
mere hints, and elaborates only the pathological side of
Rougon-Macquart pattern); “ The Struggle of
the case."
the Huns," by Mr. Gyula Werner; " A False
Three rather important works of fiction deal
Legend,” by Mr. Akos Pinter; “Swamp,” by
with life in the Dutch Indies. Heer Couperus,
Mr. Istvan Barsony; “That Ass Domokos,"
in his “Stille Kracht" (Silent Power),
by Mr. Dezsö Malonyay; " Egers Stars," by
“ Tries to present an impression of the sullen, passive Mr. Geza Gardonyi; and many collections of
resistance that colonial officials often meet with from
the coloured population, and the mysterious powers
short stories, the best of which are Mr. Jokai's
this population employs, such as the inexplicable throw-
“ Tombstone Album " and Mr. Herczeg's
ing of stones by invisible hands, to show that silent “ Arianna." The last-named writer, with his
resistance. In the opinion of many Indian readers Ocksay the Brigadier,” a historical drama,
Couperus has failed to give a strong impression of these
“has scored by far the greatest stage success
manifestations; but his book has caused a certain sen-
sation, as it treated a question which happened to be
of the year — indeed, in the whole history of
the topic of the day — the influence of Indian climate,
the Hungarian stage.” Speaking of stage
Indian surroundings, and Indian life on Europeans. matters, it is curious to note that Shakespeare's
Couperus seems to be one of those who consider life in
- Troilus and Cressida,” which our own stage-
the tropics a degrading influence on Europeans, a vul-
directors never consider seriously, bas had
garization of the higher European character.”
thirty performances during three months at the
Heer B. Veth's “ Life in India” is described as
Hungarian National Theatre.
" In poetry
“ a perpetual depreciation of everything and
there is only one volume worth mentioning -
every body in India, an uninterrupted series of
Mr. Emil Makai's Poet's Fate,' a collection
sneers and barsh language.” Heer H. Borel's
of fine verse combining mastery in rhyming
" Recht der Liefde” (The Laws of Love) is
with beauty of thought.” A goodly number
the “story of a young European woman in
of works in literary and historical criticism are
India, whose life at first slowly trickles away mentioned, the most important being the “Ro-
in the hot climate of a town on the Indian
mance of My Life," by Mr. Jokai; “Yester-
coast, but then gets a new impulse in the fresh day, To-day, and To-morrow”
(essays on
air and the grandeur of the mountains." A
contemporary writers ), by Professor Bela
few more novels are “Langs Lijnen van Gele-
Lazar; “ Diderot Studies,” by Professor Alex-
idelijkheid” (Along Lines of Graduality), by ander; “A Hundred Years of the History of
,
Heer Couperus; “Vlindertje
Vlindertje” (Butterfly),
(Butterfly), Hungarian Art,” by Mr. Tamas Szana ; “The
by Heer Borel; “Getrouwd” (Married), by
Hungarian Nation Past and Present," by Mr.
Heer van Hulzen; and “Vreugden van Hol- Elek Benedek; “ The History of Hungarian
land" (The Joys of Holland), by Heer Has-
Costumes,” by Mr. Geza Nagy ; “ An Inter-
pels. The last named writer
national World's Academy," by Mr. Florencz
“ Is the literary leader of a new monthly which started
Kemeny; and Education in Great Britain,"
a couple of months ago. • Onze Eeuw' (Our Century)
represents a reaction against the progressive views
by Mr. Geza Somogyi.
which our leading periodical, · De Gids,' has taken of Dr. Guido Biagi opens his report of Italian
late as regards social life and literature. There are a literature in a somewhat depressed strain. The
good many professors on the editorial committee, and
past twelvemonth, he tells us,
the first articles were rather heavy, even to our Dutch
taste."
“ Presents a meagre balance-sheet, without any import-
ant literary gain. The reason for this state of affairs,
On the stage, the successful productions of which has been more or less persistent of recent years,
the year have been “Op Hoop van Zegen"
•
may be political as well as social. A certain dissatis-
(Hoping for Luck), by Heer Heyermanns, faction permeates the air, and casts over everything a
and “ Vier Ton,” by Heer De Koo.
subtle prepossession which cannot be explained, but
which unquestionably lays hold upon writers and turns
Writing from Hungary, Mr. Leopold Kat-
them aside from imaginative speculation. They are not
scher reminds us that the author of “ St. Peter's even conscious of the features of the new forms of art
66
1
>
>


1901.]
97
THE DIAL
»
6
"
that are being elaborated by the new century. While Treves, of Milan, the publisher who seems to have the
afraid of seeming old, antiquated men of the last age, monopoly of Italy's best poetic and imaginative pro-
they do not see clearly even the outlines of the writing ductions. To speak adequately of these two works
of the future. The social and political anxieties of the would carry me beyond the limits assigned to my re-
past fatal year, added to artistic uncertainties, have view. I will therefore only say that the Canzone di
certainly cramped both the creative development and Garibaldi' and the • Nerone' are the two most impor-
the native enthusiasm of authors."
tant works issued this year, and that the number of
copies printed has been as large as the authors expected.
An interesting statement is that “in Italy
Both are virile and original productions that have given
everything is done by means of a movement.
rise to long and impassioned discussions."
The movement at present is in the direction of
Works of fiction include " Piccole Mondo
dialect poetry, recited in public by the poets.
The idea was started by Sig. Cesare Pascarella,
Moderno," by Sig. Fogazzaro ; “Suor Gio-
vanna della Croce,” by Signora Matilde Serao ;
“a most original Roman poet, a born inter-
“Sul Meriggio,” by an English gentleman who
preter of the soul of the Roman plebs.”
styles himself “ Gian della Quercia ”; “ Liliano
“ It is a pity that his “Serenata' and The Discov-
Vanni,” by Sig. Diego Angeli; “ La Signorina,
ery of America' cannot be translated into English; but
this is out of the question, since the Roman dialect
by Sig. G. Rovetta ; and “Le Tre Capitali,”
that gives savour to the whole would be lost in the by Signora Dora Melegari. Coming to dra-
process. And yet something would remain — the matic literature, we are told that
originality of the fundamental idea. •The Discovery
of America' is narrated at a wayside inn by one man
“ The success achieved by Sig. Gabriele d'Annunzio
with his “Città Morta' was not by any means universal,
of the people to another — told, that is to say, in the
fashion in which modern Roman labourer would re-
and that of a few other plays was not sufficient to
prove that there is any real vitality in our theatrical
count it, with a series of entertaining anachronisms.
. . These sonnets of C. Pascarella constitute the most
productions. Signora Eleonora Duse, who staged the
brilliant literary success of the year. Since every one
Città Morta,' has been selected by Sig. Luigi Rasi, as
understands the Roman dialect more
a subject for a critical and biographical study. In this
or less, the
book are to be found many curious and unpublished
theatres were crammed with applauding auditors to
hear him recite.
details concerning the great artist, who is indeed a
This year in Florence the local
self-made woman.
Società di Letture had the happy thought of introduc-
ing not only Pascarella, but also the best among the A final word may be given to translations,
other Italian dialect poets. Their example was imi- which include things as incongruous as “ Ben
tated by other Italian cities, with the result that this
year our dialect poetry has been honoured and noticed
Hur,” “The Prince and the Pauper,” “The
as it never was before.”
Invisible Man,” and the “ Jungle Books,”
from the English, contrasted with new trans-
Another phase of this movement is presented
by the Italian Popular University which brings the "Plutus” of Aristophanes, and the whole
lations of the “ Æneid,” the Homeric Hymns,
lectures upon various subjects within easy
“
of “Faust,” translated in the original metres
reach of the masses, who prove eager to avail
by Sig. Guiseppe Biagi.
themselves of the opportunities for culture.
Turning to books proper, the writer calls our
Herr Björnson's “ Laboremus" is the book
attention to the History of Italian Litera-
66
of the year in Norway. This play, which may
be read in English in a recent number of the
ture” (an illustrated work), by Sig. B. Weise
and Sig. E. Percops ; Professor Orazio Bacci's
Fortnightly Review,” is something of a dis-
centenary edition of Cellini's immortal “Vita": appointment. A portion of Herr Brinchmann's
;
Mrs. Jessie White Mario's selection from the description may be quoted.
“ The play describes the emancipation of a young,
writings of Mazzini, and the unpublished cor-
enthusiastic artist from the wiles of a beautiful enchant-
respondence of the great patriot, about to ap-
ress, whose criminal selfishness towards all those who
pear under the editorship of Sig. Ernesto stand in her way is finally revealed. Lydia berself is
Nathan. There have been numerous Dante also an artist (a pianist), who longs to win a secure
monographs, a work on “Guiliano l'Apostata,"
position in society. She gains her ambition by marriage
with a rich man, whose sick wife she kills by means of
by Sig. Gaetano Negri ; " La Storia dell'Arte
her music instead of curing the suffering woman, as she
Italiana,” by Sig. Adolfo Venturi (to be com-
was supposed to do. The husband has his suspicions;
pleted in six volumes); “ La Democrazia nella on the very night of the wedding the murdered wife's
Religione nelle Scienze," by Sig. Angelo ghost appears to him, and Lydia compensates herself
Mosso; and “ La Decadenza delle Nazione:
in the arms of a young composer for the happiness she
can no longer find with her own husband. Her new
Latine,” by Sig. G. Sergi.
lover idealizes her as an Undine in an opera he is com-
“ Poetry can boast of two strong and original creations, posing, and she helps him with it; but he presently
• La Canzone di Garibaldi,' by Sig. Gabriele d'Annun- finds that somebow he bas lost all interest in his art, so
zio, and · Nerone,' by Sig. Arrigo Boito, both issued by they resolve to travel far away together — no doubt the
>
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98
[Aug. 16,
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>
tranquil rapture of their new existence in another en- the public its patriotic tendency secured it a hearty
vironment will give a fresh impetus to the uncompleted welcome. Among the ranks of our moderns Mr. S.
opera. Then it is that the young composer's uncle, a Przybyszewski beyond question possesses the most
rougb, honest old physician, sends after him, as a sort dramatic talent; his latest play The Golden Fleece'
of dea ex machina, a young girl, the injured husband's gives ample proof of this, but owing to its unbounded
daughter by his first marriage, who tells the composer pessimism and gloomy atmosphere it finds few ready
of her mother's fate, thereby throwing a new light on hearers. The older-established and noted hands among
the character of the Undine. It now becomes clear that our dramatists have not recently produced anything of
the Undine stands outside the laws which culture has special consequence.”
only just achieved after an upward struggle of a thous- Contrary to the original announcement, an
and years; it becomes clear that she cannot emerge
from her native element even by the power of love.
article on Russian literature, by Mr. Valerii
Then it is that the scales fall from her lover's eyes, and
Briusov, has appeared in a later issue of the
Lydia is dismissed, departing with a heartrending “ Athenæum,” and may now be summarized.
shriek."
The death of the poet Soloviov is the heaviest
Dr. Ibsen has produced nothing during the loss of the year in Russia, and our chronicle
year, owing to his serious illness; but we are opens with mention of this fact, and with some
given the happy news that “he is nearly him- account of the poet's characteristics. Soloviov
self again.” Herr Lie's “ Wulffie og Comp,” was both poet and philosopher.
staged during the year, made no impression. “In his philosophical works he wished to justify the
The chief dramatic successes have been Herr greatest revelation of Christianity, the doctrine of the
Egge's
resurrection from the dead.
“ Jakob og Kristofer,” Herr V.
His poetry also reveals
his philosophical ideas; they do not, however, coarsely
Krag's “ Baldevin's Bryllup,” and Herr Bull's obtrude themselves in his verses, but light up his crea-
historical and patriotic “ Tordenskjold.” A tions from within."
long list of novels is given, none of great The poetry of the year includes much note-
importance. Among them are, “ Moder Lea,
“ Moder Lea,” worthy work, such as “Houses on Fire," by
by Herr Johan Bojer; “Mod Kvæld," by
; “ Mod Kvæld,” by Mr. Č. Balmont; “ New Songs,” by Mr. N.
Herr Tryggve Andersen ; “ Isaac Seebusen, Minski; “Illusions," by Mr. C. Fofanov,
by Herr V. Krag ; “ Norna,” by Herr Schmit- and a volume by. Mr. Golenistchev-Kutuzov,
ler; and “En Præsts Dagbog,” by the lately who “remains faithful to the tradition of
deceased Sigbjörn Obstfelder. One noteworthy Pushkin,” and who is called “the poet of
volume of verse is “ Det Dyre Bröd,” by Herr Buddhist creations.” In fiction, the name of
Nils Collett Vogt, a cycle of poems whose Mr. Maxim Gorki is just now obtaining vogue
"stately rhythms roll thundering along like a in England and America, which gives special
high, boisterous sea in the sunshine."
interest to the following account of “Trio,"
“The procession of Polish literature of the his latest production :
year," writes Dr. Adam Belcikowski,
“He draws in it the fate of three boys who have
“ Has passed by under the flag of Sienkiewicz. His grown up in an alley in the midst of poor people, mur-
jubilee has been celebrated in his fatherland, and sim- derers, thieves, and prostitutes. One of the boys, Ilya,
ultaneously his name has been re-echoed over almost is always seeking for truth: he possesses capacity, and
the whole of the civilized world louder than that of any endeavors to fight his way to a pure life — to live in
Polish author before him. Sienkiewicz's jubilee can be such a way that no one can look down upon him. The
compared only with that of Kraszewski some twenty second, Pavel, is a meditative and poetic soul. When
years ago; and it is characteristic of the present con- he grows up he loves a girl named Viera with all the
ditions of literature that the authors to whom such blindness of passion; he marries her, and she, wishing
universal one might almost say colossal - admiration to help him, robs a tradesman, and is sent to prison.
has been paid are both writers of romance.'
The third, Yakov, is an unconscious philosopher; even
when a boy he surprises his companions by his questions,
Herr Sienkiewicz's romance, “ The Knights of
wishing to ascertain whence everything comes. In the
the Cross,” is justly characterized as inferior tale are all forms of sin and crime, but one poor woman
to the great trilogy. This writer has also inquires, Who will remember God, if it is not the
•
sinners ?”
made a stage-experiment with the comedy
The style is unequal. Some portions of
the story are artistically perfect, others insipid. It is
“Mr. Zagloba as Match-maker," but has added
unfinished.”
little to his laurels by this piece. “ Italia” is
Mr. D. Merezhkovski has published “The
a cycle of poems by Miss Konopnicka, de-
scribed as
Gods Who Have Arisen," being the second
our best poet since the death of
part of his trilogy of novels, and dealing with
Adam Asnyk.” Of the theatre we read that
the renewal of paganism at the epoch of the
• • The Wedding,'a fantastic drama by Mr. Wyspianski,
Renaissance."
has made the greatest sensation. The piece was widely
The first part took us back to
advertised by its numerous allusions to persons well
the age of Julian the Apostate, and the third
known in the literary world, and with a large section of part will have Peter the Great for its central
>
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1901.]
99
THE DIAL
6
figure. The secular conflict of ideas between which to fight the religious reaction which really exists
Hebraism and Hellenism is the general theme
among us and defends itself by forbidding Catholics to
of this colossally-planned work. The most
enter any theatre where the work is represented.”
important drama of the year is “The Three Señor Galdos has also published a fourth series
Sisters,” by Mr. Anton Chekhov. "In his of his “ Episodios Nacionales."
usual masterly way he represents in it all the
“ In the realm of fiction there is one event of the
terror, all the helplessness, of Russian town
first importance to chronicle, the reprinting of · La
Regenta,' by the late Leopoldo Alas, which for many
life. Works of erudition and important enter-
has proved a work hitherto unpublished. «La Regenta?
prises in translation are described at consider- has been rightly described by all the critics as one of
able length, but we must pass them by without the best Spanish novels of the nineteenth century, and
further mention, concluding with this paragraph
some say that if it were relieved of a few incidents it
would be the best."
of both literary and political interest.
“Literary society during the past year has been agi-
Señor Echegaray has produced a play, “ El
tated also by events which have no immediate relation
Loco Dios," which will not figure in the list
to literature, but concern prominent writers. The ex- of his masterpieces,” and Señor Nuñez de Arce
communication of Count Lyof Tolstoy has aroused in
“ Has issued a patriotic poem, Sursum corda,' in which
many a sympathy with the veteran, who has been per-
he displays the qualities already well known of his
secuted for his ideas. Mr. Maxim Gorki has been im-
lyrical poetry, at once sturdy and barmonious.”
prisoned for his sympathy with the outbreaks of the
students. The same fate has befallen the publishers of
one of the best magazines, · Life,' the publication itself
has been suppressed by order of the Ministers, against
which there is no appeal. A number of other writers
COMMUNICATIONS.
have been banished from the two capitals, among them
Mr. C. Balmont, the accusation against him being that
HAS COLLEGE ENGLISH IMPROVED?
at a literary evening he quoted some verses which had
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
not been previously submitted to the censor."
Is the standard of English composition at American
We fancy there is some connection between colleges as high now as it was twenty years ago? Can
this banishment and the fact that Mr. Bal- the college man of to-day write as respectable English
mont has not written, as in former years, the
as the college man of yesterday wrote? With a view
review of Russian literature with which we are
to obtaining a satisfactory answer to these questions, a
request for a reply to them was sent to the principal
now concerned.
American colleges. Replies were received from most
Last of all, we come to the Spanish review of the institutions, including Yale, Princeton, Harvard,
of Don Rafael Altamira. As ever, the Spanish Cornell
, Wesleyan, Union, University of Wisconsin,
intellect runs largely to historical investigation, versity of Michigan, Amherst, Bowdoin, Trinity, Ober-
Western Reserve, Middlebury, Brown, Williams, Uni-
and the critical editing of the great writers. lin, Dartmouth, University of Nebraska, Hamilton,
With all this we have no space to deal, por Rutgers, Stanford, etc.
with the department of periodical literature,
Of the replies received, over eighty per cent. said
which exhibits much vitality.
that college English had improved; twelve per cent.,
that there had been little if any improvement; while
“ Yet if this literary vitality is a good sign, we are dis-
less than eight per cent. asserted that the standard of
couraged by the disappearance within a brief interval
composition was lower than that of twenty years ago.
of Spain's most distinguished writers, whose recent Most of the last-mentioned class found a cause for this
deaths form a national misfortune: Riaño, whose merits
deterioration in the increased prominence given to
are well known to the readers of the · Athenæum' and
scientific over literary training.
the whole English public; Balaguer, the historian of
In one of the replies stating that the standard was no
Catalonia and founder of the beautiful Museo-Biblioteca
higher, a somewhat novel view was taken of what is
of Villanueva and Geltrú; the Marquis of Valmar, one
meant by “ the college man.” The writer said:
of our soundest and most eloquent savants; Campoamor,
“I suspect that the college man’ writes no better
the most thoughtful poet that Spain produced in the
English than he did. The college man’ is an abstrac-
nineteenth century; and, lastly, just as I am writing
tion, an average of the men attending our American
this article, Leopoldo Alas, one of the most original and
universities. He is therefore composite in his nature,
cultivated of our modern authors — povelist, critic, and
being so many parts student of the liberal arts, so many
philosopher - whose powerful imagination has made a
of law, of medicine, of agriculture, of forestry, of civil
deep impression on the generations that have succeeded
and mechanical engineering. No doubt the engineering
the Restoration."
portion of the college man’ is growing proportionately
Coming to belles lettres, we read that the name to the literary portion. Moreover, a larger percentage
of Señor Galdos has been the most conspicuous
of American youth is in college nowadays, wbich tends
of the year, and one of his productions has
to increase the portion coming from homes in which
the reading habit and literary tastes have not become
made a great stir. It is
hereditary. It may well be, therefore, that the propor-
“ His play · Electra,' which the Liberal party, and es- tion of college men who write correct English has been
pecially the anti-clericals, have taken up as a flag under diminishing during these two decades which have seen


100
(Aug. 16,
THE DIAL
so great an increase in the enrollment. Nevertheless,
I am much mistaken if the actual number of students
The New Books.
possessed of literary tastes and able to write correctly
is not as large as, indeed, larger than, ever before."
A note of warning is possibly sounded in this reply THE GREEK THINKERS AND THEIR
from a prominent college professor:
ENVIRONMENT.*
“ If the college student of to-day writes poorer En-
Zeller's Philosophie der Griechen, already
glish than in former years, a thing of which I am not
quite sure, I should regard the fact as a part of a
cited by Grote and the scholars of the last
movement all along the line. It seems to me the spirit generation as the chief authority in its field,
of and hunger for scholarship is not so great as formerly: and growing from edition to edition till it now
scholarship, and with it literary taste and ability, is at
fills six stately tomes, is a noble monument of
a discount, and society and athletics are on top.'
German scholarship. But however indispen-
Dr. William T. Harris, United States Commissioner
of Education, is of course uncommonly well qualified
sable to the professional student, it is not a
to speak on such a subject. To a letter requesting his book that can be read. The ant of such a
opinion, he replied:
work is now being supplied by the Austrian
“In my opinion, the college man of to-day writes
much better English than did the college man of twenty
Professor Gomperz in his Griechische Denker.
or twenty-five years ago, or than the college man of
Professor Gomperz, in addition to a scholar-
my time, which was forty-three years ago. There is ship long since proved and tested in special
less bombast in the college writing of to-day, and less researches, possesses many eminent qualifica-
sophomoric attempt at fine writing; and the attempt
tions for his task. To begin with, he is not
to adorn one's pages with quotations from classic
authors has almost entirely disappeared, whereas in the
a Hegelian, but studies the history of philos-
time of Edward Everett it was considered to be the ophy from the only point of view possible in
proper thing. There is a much richer style used now, the twentieth century—that of entire sympathy
because there is reflected in the style of the man a
with and frank acceptance of the fundamental
much broader view of the world and a wider gleaning postulates of modern science. Secondly, he is
from literary sources.”
If one will take the trouble to examine the back
well read in French and English literature,
numbers of the college magazines and compare them and is in particular a student and admirer of
with current issues, he will find that in the latter the John Stuart Mill; and Mill, as would be ad-
thought is not only more vigorous but also better ex-
mitted by those who think that they themselves -
pressed. Considerable weight should be attached to
this evidence, for here, perhaps, may be found the best
have outgrown him, is most salutary reading
expression of college literary life. The comparison is
for a German savant. Lastly, his style, though
the more accurate, too, because actual specimens of the to English and French taste a little flowery
work are before the investigator, thus removing the perhaps, is vigorous, picturesque, and thor-
tendency to overestimate the past while underestimat-
oughly readable. His second volume, dealing
ing the present.
The answer to the question, “ Is the standard of col-chiefly with Socrates and Plato, is now being
lege English as high now as it was in the past ?” does published in Germany. The first volume,
not concern itself as to what this standard is — whether which treats of the Pre-Socratics, lies before
it be high or low. If it be true, as some assert, that
us in the English translation of Mr. Laurie
men in the senior classes of our best colleges cannot
Magnus, revised and warranted by the author.
write a letter describing a foot-ball game without mak-
ing blunders that would disgrace a boy of ten years,
The Pre-Socratic philosophers are one of
what sort of a letter did the senior who belonged to the most fascinating and tantalizing of themes.
the class of 1875 write ? Was it a worse or a better Plato, as Emerson says, makes great havoc of
one? Whether the present standard is as high as it
should be, is quite another question.
In the opinion,
our originalities. But already in Plato's time,
however, of those in a position to speak with authority,
as Pater reminds
" the
us, very air was sickly
the college student to-day writes better English than with cast-off speculative atoms." We can only
did the average student of twenty or thirty years ago. discern faintly the outlines of the systems from
JAMES Melvin LEE.
which these atoms fell, and fancy that we
Oneonta, N. Y., August 9, 1901.
detect, in isolated, pregnant, and picturesque
ORIGIN OF “INDIAN SUMMER.”
sayings, the germs of all the philosophies and
( To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
sciences of Western Europe. But the impos-
Any information that your readers can furnish in sible task of reconstructing the systems and
regard to the history or the origin of the term Indian determining the logical sequence of their
Summer, especially previous to the year 1800, will be
thought and the detail of their content still
gratefully acknowledged if sent either to Professor
Cleveland Abbe, United States Department of Agri- tempts some in each new generation of schol-
culture, Washington, D. C., or to the undersigned.
*GREEK THINKERS. A History of Ancient Philosophy.
ALBERT MATTHEWS.
By Theodor Gomperz, Volume I. Translated by Laurie
Boston, Mass., August 10, 1901.
Magnus. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
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1901.]
101
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>
66
ars. Common as the tale has become by repe- As his title, “Greek Thinkers,” implies, he
tition, the story of these early Greek thinkers does not confine himself to the exposition of
still thrills with fresh surprise everyone who is systems, but endeavors to replace the Greek
brought to a vivid and first-hand realization of philosophers in the intellectual environment
its significance. How could they, amid all that fostered them. He depicts for us the
their first groping, ignorance, and helplessness, world of Homeric and Hesiodic imagination,
without libraries, laboratories, systematic rec- traces the development of popular and mystic
ords, or instruments of precision, - how could religion, orphism and the belief in immortality,
they, amid all their necessarily childish guesses, studies the progress of ethical reflection and
divine so much? Verily,” says Professor the growth of purer moral ideals in poets and
Gomperz, “the pen of the historian might historians, and brings out more fully than has
hesitate where to begin or end if he endeavored hitherto been done the contribution of Greek
to write an adequate account of the inexhaus- medicine to the creation of the scientific and
tible range of fundamental truth contained in philosophic spirit. In the effort to be enter-
the exaggerated statements of Heracleitas." tertaining, he sometimes goes a little beyond
“ Any history of philosophy,” says Emerson, the evidence in touches of picturesque detail
“ fortifies my faith by showing me that what or in the suggestion of modern parallels.
I had supposed were the rare and late fruit “ Protagoras, wandering through the halls of
of a cumulative culture, and only now possi- the beautiful and regular city built on the plans
ble to some recent Kant or Fichte, were the of Hippodamus, might converse one day with
prompt improvisations of the earliest in- Herodotus on questions of ethnology, and on
quirers, — of Parmenides, Heracleitus, and another with Empedocles on problems of nat-
Xenophanes."
ural science,” — only there is no proof that
-
When the old Ionian thinkers - Thales, Protagoras ever visited Thurii. Empedocles
Anaximander, Anaximenes, Heracleitus
may have taught the doctrine of four elements
resolutely shut out from their minds the shapes, as a compromise between one and infinity be-
grotesque and obscene, fantastic and beauti-
cause “he
may
have learned in the school of
fully wild, that had held in thrall the imagi- practical politics to appreciate the value of
,
nation of early man, and set themselves to compromise.” But the world would not contain
inquire “ concerning nature,” about the causes the books that might be made up of such pos-
of each thing and the first principles of all sibilities. There is a profound impressiveness
things, then was the true re-birth and renewal to readers of Darwin, in Heracleitus's saying
of the human spirit - a repascence such as that “ war is the father of all things,” espe-
the world has never seen in all the centuries cially when taken in connection with the sequel:
since. Then the old songs of gods and heroes “Some he has made gods, some men, some
and demigods lost their spell, and the true slaves, others freemen.” But we cannot infer,
hymn of man was chanted for the first time: with Professor Gomperz, that the old Ephesian
“His face is set to the east, his feet on the past and its dead; conceived of the struggle for existence as test-
The sun re-arisen is his priest, and the heat thereof hallows
ing and eliminating or preserving the qualities
his head.
His eyes take part the morning; his spirit outsounding
of mankind. The innocent fragment of Xeno-
phanes, “The gods did not show all things to
Asks no more witness or warning from temple or tripod
mankind at the beginning, but in the course
of time by searching they found out the bet-
Past the wall ansurmounted that bars out our vision with
ter,” is made to "strike a note of strict scien-
iron and fire
He hath sent forth his soul for the stars to comply with and
tific reason ” by the interpretation “ but they
suns to conspire."
search for themselves until they discover the
Not at once was all this to be. There were to better," whereby the antithesis between “in the
be
many
eddies and back currents in the stream beginning” and “ in the course of time, or at
of progress, long centuries when humanity last” is altered to an antithesis between the
wandered in the wilderness or went astray help of gods and unaided human effort. Simi-
after false gods; but the first authors of a larly, Xenophanes's poetical expression of a
rational conception of the world must be cred. skeptical mood is interpreted as a demand for
ited in large measure with the fruits that it has 6 verification," in the sense of modern science.
brought forth.
Empedocles's isolated statement that bones con-
We shall not attempt to summarize Professor sist of four parts of fire, two of moisture, and
Gomperz's re-statement of this oft-told tale. two of earth, is treated as a glorious anticipa-
a
-
:
the sea
or tree.


102
[Aug. 16,
THE DIAL
-
tion of modern quantitative chemistry. Two and there is no evidence, he thinks, of his-
disconnected fragments of Heracleitus are so torical connection between tbe two schools.
phrased and pieced together as to yield the Pythagoreanism and the natural development
edifying scientific canon, “ We must not specu- of the old Ionian physics sufficed. For the
late about the highest things in lightness of rest, the great achievement of Leucippus and
heart,” for “ Punishment will overtake the lie- | Democritus, he thinks, was not the invention
smith and the false witness." The Darwinian of the atoms, but the proclamation of the great
survival of the fittest is deduced from Empe- and still valid principle of the correlation of
docles's account of the speedy perishing of the sensible qualities with quantitative and spatial
monstrous manhearted oxheaded shapes, with changes and the distribution of matter. Atom-
no warning that the thought is probably due ism, not the philosophy of Anaxagoras, is the
to Aristotle, who merely uses the grotesque culmination of the Pre-Socratic philosophy.
fancy of Empedocles to illustrate the idea. The true logical and chronological sequence
There are other slight inaccuracies, due to the is misrepresented if we put Anaxagoras last
necessary foreshortening or the effort to avoid because he happened to live at Athens, intro-
controversy. But all together they need not duced Nous or mind as a cosmic agent, and is
impair the reader's faith that he has before alluded to by Socrates in the Apology.
him as accurate a history as is perhaps com- The last chapters of the volume, dealing with
patible with a fairly brief and popular presen- the Sophists and the age of “enlightenment
tation.
and emancipation, are especially interesting.
After the stress laid on physical science, The general view is akin to that of Grote. The
and perhaps connected with it, the chief fea- Sophist is an estimable personage, “ half pro-
ture of Professor Gomperz's history is the fessor, half journalist." Protagoras receives
diminished importance attributed to Parmen- the fullest treatment. Professor Gomperz
ides and the Eleatics — the philosophers of
- the philosophers of sensibly rejects the ingenious attempts that
Being and Rest. The traditional account is have been made to construct for Protagoras
that after the failure of the old Ionian hylo- out of the Theætetus a profound psychology
zoists the Eleatics introduced the notions of of relativism. He renounces from the start
absolute Being and Unity, and the dialectic of the hopeless task of reconciling the ingenious
pure thought, and that the great constructive dialecticism of the Theatetus with the edifying
thinkers of the fifth century, Empedocles, rhetorical Protagoras of the dialogue that bears
Anaxagoras, and the Atomists, built up their his name. The doctrine of pure relativism
systems with constant reference to Parmenides attributed to the Protagoras of the Theætetus.
and in partial acceptance or evasion of his is really, he thinks, the theory of Aristippus,
conclusions. Professor Gomperz minimizes whom as a contemporary Plato could intro-
this influence of the Eleatics. All of the es- duce in colloquy with Socrates only under an
sential ideas on which the fifth century thinkers alias. The volume closes with an appreciative
built he finds already in the old Ionians — the chapter on Thucydides — in his own field, one
eternity of nature, the process of change, the of the greatest of Greek thinkers.
reign of law, the quantitative persistence of The translation can be read. But in spite
matter in all, the qualitative persistence of of revision by Professor Gomperz, it is by no
matter in Anaximenes's doctrine that all things means free from errors. The German idiom
are air more or less rarefied or condensed, the shows through unpleasantly in some inaccurate
idea of a vacuum through which particles or un-English turns of phrase, such as “no
of matter are evenly distributed in some un- more fortunate explanation,” “this plump in-
known Pythagorean aimed at in Parmenides's | vention,” “ smooth account books,” “the omin-
polemic. To Parmenides he assigns the credit ous decree of history of which Xenophanes was
only of the sharper formulation of some of a witness.” The proof-reading of the proper
these ideas. And he is inclined to reject the names is careless, as is usually the case in
traditional view that atomism was derived from English and American translations of learned
this Parmenidean formulation. The atoms German works. This is particularly unfor-
undoubtedly resemble the Parmenidean Being, tunate, because such books are intended for
except for their constant motion and multi-readers who may be misled. It is strange that
plicity. They are plenary being, unchangeable, reputable publishers are not more careful to
devoid of secondary qualities. But this is no seek expert aid in this matter.
proof that they were derived from Parmenides,
PAUL SHOREY.
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1901.]
103
THE DIAL
THE RELATIONS OF GEOGRAPHY AND
terness and contempt in the hearts of the
HISTORY.*
inhabitants of the restored province. From
these and many other similar illustrations, the
It is a comparatively recent dictum that
author draws the conclusion that natural
accurate geographical knowledge is not only boundaries thus far in history have been largely
important for, but absolutely essential to, a
imaginative conceptions without much founda-
correct understanding of history. It is how-
tion in fact, and that nationality, of which so
ever, so generally accepted a fact, that all
much has been made during the last thirty
historical studies of the last decade are charac-
years, while it is in truth a factor in the deter-
terized by a profusion of maps of all kinds as
mination of a state's frontier, has been very
well as by ample discussions of geographical
details. There are endless interesting and
greatly overestimated.
The question of the influence of physical
reasonable deductions to be drawn from an
environment on the development of sea-power,
examination of physical causes; but a danger. Mr. George treats in much the same way.
ous tendency has arisen, on the other hand, to
England is a great maritime nation, not merely
extreme statement. The theory has been
because her people inbabit an island, but be-
worked too hard, and conditions of climate or
cause of many other forces — political for-
peculiarities of topography have been brought
tunes, racial characteristics inherited from
into service as a basis for wholly unwarranted non-maritime ancestors, the appearance of
conclusions.
great leaders or far-seeing statesmen. So,
It is gratifying to find that the Rev. H. B. also, it is a common generalization that moun-
George, in his “ Relations of Geography and tains give birth to ideas of liberty. But ex-
History," has been careful to point out the
amined in the light of exact history, we find
limitations of geographical influence. In a that men who would not submit to be enslaved
chapter on “Fallacies of the Map,” after dis- fled to the mountains, there to find more defen-
posing of the frequent generalization that
sible homes, where they could maintain their
mountain ranges and great rivers have invari- .
cherished ideals of liberty. Freedom is the
ably determined the direction and extent of
heritage of race, not of a soil.
racial migrations and colonization, he takes up
However, Mr. George has not devoted him-
the more modern questions of so-called natural
boundaries and of nationality. Natural bound- ideals of historical geography. On the con-
self exclusively to destructive criticism of the
aries, says Mr. George, furnished the plea trary, the larger part of his book is given, in
upon which aggressive rulers claimed justifica-
a separate chapter for each country, to a sane,
tion for cruel wars in the seventeenth and painstaking examination of the development of
eighteenth centuries ; while nationality has European states in the light of geographical
been the excuse for the wars of the nineteenth influence. In these chapters he indicates and
century. Thus, Louis XIV., in steadily push- proves the importance of physical details in
ing the frontier of France toward the north- determining both wider race-movements and
east, claimed the Rhine as a natural boundary; minor events and political happenings. He
yet the history of all great river basins estab-
attacks musty generalizations, but he shows
lishes the fact thąt both banks of a stream are
himself a careful student of the minute details
more likely to be occupied by the same people, of historical geography. Thus his book, while
than that they shall form a barrier between
not suited to the general reader, may well serve
hostile races. The plea was therefore purely
as a condensed synopsis for teachers and stu-
arbitrary and unjust, yet it was effective in dents of historical geography.
arousing national sentiment and patriotism.
E. D. ADAMS.
When Germany took Alsace-Lorraine from
France in 1870, one justification for the act
was that she was restoring to the mother coun- “UNIVERSITY TENDENCIES IN AMERICA
was the
try a province and a people forcibly torn from subject of an address made last April at the Leland
her centuries before. Here too the plea was
Stanford Junior University by Mr. Whitelaw Reid. It is
effective in arousing the imaginative patriotism
now handsomely printed for the University in pamph-
let form. Another pamphlet of the same provenance
of the German people; yet it stirred only bit-
contains « The Gospel of Work," an address by Mr.
*THE RELATIONS OF GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY. By
George Mann Richardson, and “Leland Stanford's
Rev. H. B. George, M.A. New York: Oxford University Views of Higher Education,” by President David Starr
Press.
Jordan.
»


104
(Aug. 16,
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-
;
so that our interest seems to undergo a certain
MASTERS OF FRENCH LITERATURE.*
change as we read, — or rather, perhaps, we
No other literature has inspired such a wealth feel that though we start at a definite begin-
of scholarly and delightful criticism as French; ning and go logically on, we end without having
and the fields into which Professor Harper arrived at any particular result.
leads us, in his account of the masters of The author has not attempted an introduc-
that literature, have been particularly rich in tion to these masters. One can make their
yield. Literary art is studied so systematically acquaintance, of course, only by reading what
in France, principles and schools are of such they themselves have written ; but having even
vital importance to both author and public, slight acquaintance with them, one is sure to
that the great writers are of a peculiar and find much needed help and guidance in these
undying interest to all intelligent readers chapters. For example, Sainte-Beuve's Cau-
among their fellow countrymen, and a per- series are delightful reading from the start;
petual challenge to critic and biographer. but if, as is
but if, as is quite likely, the reader is already
More than this, the atmosphere in which every
familiar with critics like Taine who have a
French author is trained clings to his works. manifest system, Sainte-Beuve will seem to
As we read them, we who have never felt the him a sort of mosaic of a thousand gossipy
heat of the conflict over literary principle, and bits put together without design. He needs
who probably are contented to read our En- to discover that Sainte-Beuve has an art which
glish authors without troubling ourselves much is more than a “system,” and Professor Har.
over what school they belong to, even we im- per goes straight to this point and lightens the
bibe the critical spirit, find ourselves analyzing difficulty in a way that shows him a skilled
and defining, and welcoming each new volume literary guide. This picking out the crucial
of essays on French authors with almost a difficulty in the way of appreciating each
French interest.
author, and throwing needed light just there,
The first of Professor Harper's “ Masters is the most marked characteristic of the volume
is Corneille, the last is Balzac, and the literary so far as it deals with individual writers.
development of the included two hundred The chapter on Hugo of necessity recalls
years is outlined with sufficient completeness his varied literary life, especially the exciting
to give value to the volume as a whole over times of the publication of " Hernani," but the
and above that of the separate essays.
And author skilfully steers straight through this
yet each chapter stands by itself. Several are maelstrom to centre the interest upon what he
revised reprints, and the process of unification considers the most important phase of Hugo's
has left traces in a few noticeable repetitions character.
from chapter to chapter, but as these em- “ It is in itself a great achievement to have done so
phasize important points, they have their ex- much honest work of a high character as Hugo did.
cuse. From beginning to end there is a marked
It is no small distinction to have guided a people's
bopes for eighteen years from his island of exile. It
growth from the general to the individual.
is a noble end of a zealous life to have worn for fifteen
First comes the broad sweep necessary to con- years the crown of such a nation's kingship. But when
centrate the peculiarities of a great national even these proud honors are forgotten, children's voices
literature within a thirty-four page chapter on
will still repeat and men's hearts still echo a hundred
The Place of French Literature." Next, is
,
songs of the greatest lyric poet of France."
a chapter on “The Golden Age of French He recognizes the fact that “foreign students
Drama," the most broadly influential feature of French literature are less likely to seek
of the literary history. Then follow two chap- acquaintance with Hugo's poems than with his
ters on “ The Revolutionary Analysis,” giving plays and novels,” and for that reason devotes
the growth of the eighteenth century, grouped
the most important part of his chapter to the
first broadly about Saint-Simon and Mon- poems; yet we can but regret that Les Misér-
tesquieu, then narrowly about Voltaire, who ables, Quatre-vingt-treize, and Notre Dame de
as “man of letters " and semi-blind liberator Paris, the great works by which Hugo is
gen-
of the human mind epitomizes the century. erally known out of France, had not received
The remaining three chapters, on Hugo, Sainte- more attention, especially as they are often
Beuve, and Balzac, are increasingly personal ; misunderstood and misappreciated. Yet Hugo
is altogether too buge an enigma of force to be
* MASTERS OF French LITERATURE. By George Me-
Lean Harper, Professor in Princeton University. New York: satisfactorily dealt with in one chapter, and it
Charles Scribner's Sons.
is of real service to focus the light upon that
a
>
>


1901.]
105
THE DIAL
But one
66
phase of his character which marks all his Rousseau and his followers would at once pre-
works and has given them their enduringclude pretentions to systematic completeness.
qualities.
We can only wish the process of unification
The chapter on Balzac is of somewhat dif- had been carried a little farther.
ferent character, inasmuch as it is more of an thing we do get with rather marked complete-
introduction. It is the getting started in read- ness considering the limitations, and that is a
ing this writer's novels that is the difficulty the distinctly tangible conception of those broad
uninitiated feel and which Professor Harper characteristics which make up the peculiar
meets. The reader is disheartened when he spirit of French literature. The first chapter
faces the enormous mass of printed matter in outlines it, the others fill in the details. Here
the “Human Comedy,” and if he makes a is the real value of the book as a whole.
beginning without a guide he is almost sure to These essays are not overflowing with spon-
find not genius but tedious disagreeableness. taneous originality of conception ; what char-
By excellent classification, and brief, apt com- acterizes them, rather, is a judicial weighing
ment, Professor Harper narrows the “ Human of conflicting opinions and eminently sane
Comedy” down to what is really worth reading, conclusions. The author has the rather rare
and, largely by means of quotations from Bal- virtue of uniting to “ Anglo-Saxon deep seri-
-
zac's correspondence, he goes more deeply into ousness" ability to appreciate the fine artistic
the difficulty, and shows how the author was qualities of the French. The finish of the
led now by his great genius, now by the vulgar sentences, the modelling of the paragraphs,
commercialism of his time.
the massing of the chapters, are worth study.
In his preface, Professor Harper says.
ing in themselves; the choice of details and
“So unified is French literature, so intimate are all their logical development mark the master of
the myriad relations of all its parts to the whole, that exposition. Altogether there is simple straight-
it is possible to gain a fairly comprehensive view of any forwardness which may deceive the unappre-
one of its periods of development by considering a rep-
resentative man of letters who was then the dominant
ciative, but which comes only from scholarly
figure."
mastery of subject and form.
And again :
SAMUEL C. EARLE.
“This volume of essays, of course, makes no claim
to give a general outlook over the two centuries which
lie between Corneille and Balzac. Yet the book may
perhaps be regarded as an imperfect illustration of the
THE FOUR GEORGES.*
method outlined above."
The concluding volumes of Mr. Justin Mc-
The two centuries under consideration are
Carthy's “ History of the Four Georges " have
peculiarly easy of presentation by this method.
recently come from the press, and although Mr.
During nearly the whole of this time, “ classic
principles reigned almost undisputedly; the their preparation, and some fifteen years have
Romantic reaction which Hugo represents and elapsed since the publication of the initial vol-
the Realistic development which Balzac stands
ume, there has been no departure from the
for can be understood only as they are set in
former methods of treatment, and the interest
relief against classicism; and while these two
is sustained to the end. While this work adds
writers were at the height of their influence,
but little to our knowledge of one of the most
the critic Sainte-Beuve was showing his fellow. dreary and least honorable periods of English
countrymen that the vital principles which history, the author has done a distinct service
have made the French masters of the art of by conscientiously collecting a large amount
writing and teachers of the world keep them of material from various sources and putting
all close kin to the classicists of the Golden
it into the form of a connected story. And he
Age. Down through the chapter on Voltaire, has done this with such good judgment and
the general treatment gives us something like
grace of expression, that he has imparted to
completeness which makes us feel this unity; the book all the freshness and charm of a work
but beyond there, the points of observation are
of fiction. In the best sense of the word, the
too few for the increasingly rich landscape, work may be called a popular history; for
and the relationship of one to the other and of
while Mr. McCarthy does not do serious vio-
each to the whole is left to blind inferences.
The author recognizes this when he says:
*A HISTORY OF THE FOUR GEORGES, AND OF WILLIAM
IV. By Justin McCarthy and Justin Huntly McCarthy. In
“ The absence of any substantive treatment of four volumes, New York: Harper & Brothers.
>


106
[Aug. 16,
THE DIAL
BU
18
lence to historical accuracy, he writes with pic- In conclusion it may be said that no one,
turesqueness and power, and with something however well-informed he may be, can read
of the magnetic quality which made Macaulay this work without gaining new and more vivid
the most widely read author of his day among conceptions of many of the great men of the
the masses of the people. Moreover, Mr. Mc- period which it treats, and a clearer idea of
Carthy has apparently tried to perform the the motives and policies which dominated them.
same service for the period of the Georges that
CHARLES W. FRENCH.
Macaulay undertook for the period of the
Restoration, and not altogether without success.
It was a favorite saying of Carlyle, that
true history was, after all, only the connected STUDIES IN EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS.*
biography of the world's great men, - a con- One of the most helpful and suggestive educa-
ception which Mr. McCarthy has apparently tional books of the past year is that by the late
adopted in the preparation of this work, for Professor Hinsdale on “ The Art of Study.” It is
the most of his material has been put in the written for the teacher, from the stand point of the
form of life-stories of the great leaders who pupil, and aims at a definite end: to teach pupils
shaped policies and gave tone and direction
how to study, rather than to store their minds with
to public thought and activities. These bio-
any particular stock of knowledge. The author
graphical studies are not seriously analytical, chiefly due, first, to their ignorance of how properly
holds that the failure of pupils in their studies is
but are rather bright, sketchy word-pictures,
to attack a lesson; and, secondly, to their inability
which bring out in strong relief and vivid
to sustain the attack when once made. To over-
coloring the personalities of their subjects, come these errors and attain the end sought, the
thrown against a well-defined background made author demonstrates the proper relations that should
up of the movements and policies to which exist between teacher and pupil, and then presents
their lives gave expression. Few clearer or methods of establishing and maintaining these rela-
more striking character delineations can be
tions. At the close of each chapter are suggested
found than some of those contained in this
parallel readings designed to aid the student in
work, among the most notable of which may
comprehending its underlying psychologic prin-
ciples. The entire book is clear, logical, and well
be mentioned those of Lord George Gordon,
written; and if the principles embodied can become
Warren Hastings, and Charles Fox.
thoroughly understood and judiciously and ade-
Mr. McCarthy's career might afford him
quately applied, it will do much to eliminate educa-
some excuse for not always doing full justice tional waste and intellectual dissipation. For these
to the home government when treating of her reasons it merits a wide sale.
policy toward her dependencies. But, although The volume on “ The Teaching of Latin and
his sympathies are evidently strongly enlisted, Greek,” by Professors Bennett and Bristol, of Cor-
it would be difficult to convict him of unfair
nell University, is the initial one of the “ American
partisanship, even when treating of Ireland THE ART OF STUDY. By B. A. Hinsdale, late Professor
and her grievances. In dealing with the Ameri-
of the Science and Art of Teaching, University of Michigan.
Chicago: The American Book Company.
can Revolution, he denounces in no unmeasured
THE TEACHING OF LATIN AND GREEK. By Professors
terms the stupidity and malevolence of the Bennett and Bristol, of Cornell University. New York:
King and his advisers; yet the most conser-
Longmans, Green, & Co.
vative Englishman of the day could hardly recently Instructor in Nature-Study at the State Normal
NATURE-STUDY AND THE CHILD. By Charles B. Scott,
find fault with his utterances, for they have School, Oswego, New York. Boston: D, C. Heath & Co.
come to be the well-established conclusions of THINKING AND LEARNING TO THINK. By N. C. Schaeffer,
Superintendent of Public Instruction for Pennsylvania.
history. The peculiarly just and sympathetic
Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co.
temperament of the author is again shown in EDUCATION AND Life. By President Baker, of the Uni-
that portion of the book dealing with the versity of Colorado. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
career of Warren Hastings, in which he has
EDUCATION AND THE PHILOSOPHIC IDEAL. By Horatio
Dresser. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
departed widely from the policy of Burke, THE TEACHING OF MATHEMATICS IN THE HIGHER
Macaulay, and many others, in striving to do SCHOOLS OF GERMANY. By J. W. A. Young, Assistant
justice to this brilliant and greatly maligned
Professor of the Pedagogy of Mathematics in the University
of Chicago. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
Englishman. Perhaps he has gone too far in
SCHOOL HYGIENE. By Professor Edward R. Shaw, of the
his apology, but for this he may be easily par- Institute of Pedagogy, New York University. New York:
doned when we remember the burden of in-
The Macmillan Co.
The New Basis OF GEOGRAPHY. By Jacques W. Red-
famy under which the memory of Hastings Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society. New York:
has so long labored.
7
The Macmillan Co.
way,


1901.]
107
THE DIAL
Teachers Series,” edited by Professor James Rus- first, the welfare of society and the safeguard of
sell. The volume is worthy of special attention, democracy demand that, while our educational aims
both because of its intrinsic merit and because it must remain ideal, all education must be brought
marks the beginning of a new pedagogic literature into closer sympathetic relation with the problems
in this country. Germany has long had such a of every-day life; and the second is a vigorous pro-
literature, but the American teacher has been com- test against what is called “soft pedagogics,” or,
pelled to feed upon scattered husks. The aim of in the author's words, " false interpretation of the
the series is “to discuss the educational value of doctrines of pleasure, pursuit of inclination, pun-
each subject, the reasons for including it in the ishment by natural consequences, and following
curriculum, the selection and arrangement of ma-
lines of least resistance.” While one may not agree
terials in the course, the essential features of class with all of the conclusions reached, the book is
instruction, and the various helps which are avail- incisive, scholarly, and timely, and should be care-
able for teachers' use.” So far as the initial volume fully read by every thoughtful educator and citizen.
is concerned, this aim has been well sustained ; “Education and the Philosophic Ideal,” by Dr.
though one might wish that certain features had Horatio Dresser, is a strong inspirational book. It
not been so dogmatically stated. The book is sane, is not put forth as a mere educational discussion,
scholarly, and exceedingly suggestive. It fills a but rather as an appeal, through education, to all
long-felt want in our educational literature, and that is noblest in life. It holds that every teacher
should be heartily welcomed by every teacher of must understand life, philosophically and spirit-
the classics.
ually, in order to be of greatest service ; and then
"Nature-Study and the Child,” by Mr. Charles proceeds to demonstrate this through its various
B. Scott, is a contribution to the rapidly growing chapters. The book is charmingly written.
literature of this subject. The book gives a con- Professor Young's volume on "The Teaching of
crete illustration of how Nature-study should be Mathematics in the Higher Schools of Prussia” is
taught; discusses its province, aim, and limitations ; a valuable addition to American pedagogical litera-
its principles and determining method ; the method ture, and American students may well study it. It
of studying material; the expression work of the reproduces, in a clear and lucid manner, the exact
school; the relation of Nature-study to reading, class-room work of the German master, and shows
literature, geography, and arithmetic; the selection wherein his methods differ from those of the Amer.
and sequence of material; and then outlines an ican. With the Germans, the teacher is the great
eight-year course of study similar to that in the central factor; with the American, the text-book
Report of Committee of Ten. The book is the out- plays the leading rôle. With the German method,
growth of the author's long experience as teacher the teacher teaches ; with ours, he hears recitations.
and supervisor in the public schools, and therefore The superiority of the former method is clearly
has the wholesome tinge of the practical every-day pointed out; and in order that the subject may be
workshop. Although the work suggested is still more easily understood, the book is prefaced by a
excessive, and emphasizes the subject way beyond brief exposition of the entire German school-system.
its legitimate field, it is truly sensible and refresh-
appearance of Professor Shaw's “School
ing when compared with the great mass of Nature Hygiene ” in the “ Teacher's Professional Library'
study literature.
is still another evidence of the growing interest
Dr. Schaeffer's treatise on “ Thinking and Learn- in the important subject which it treats. The book
ing to Think,” edited by Dr. Brumbaugh, is a very sets forth concisely and accurately the conditions
sensible and attractive book, and strikes at the very which surround the great mass of school-children,
heart of school work. It is the outgrowth of the and then proposes measures for the protection and
author's long experience, and bears on every page promotion of their physical and mental health.
the stamp of the scientific practical school-man. The matter presented is in the main
clear re-
From the kindergarten up through the high school, statement of accepted facts, except the chapters on
the complaint is everywhere made that " pupils do Eyesight and Hearing, and on Handwriting, which
not think," and the author attempts to show why are new, scientific, and exceedingly valuable. If
this is, and how it can be remedied, by giving a the facts and suggestions contained in this book
careful analysis of the psychologic bases of good should be thoroughly comprehended and persistently
thinking. The entire book is clearly written, richly followed by teachers and school authorities, it would
and pointedly illustrated, and, while not a profound prove of inestimable service to the home, the school,
work, is well calculated in matter and treatment to and the state. All such literature should be warmly
prove most helpful and stimulating to the great welcomed.
mass of teachers.
Another volume of the series just named is that
One of the most wholesome of recent books is by Professor Redway on “ The New Basis of Geog-
“ Education and Life,” by President Baker. It is raphy." As the title indicates, the book is some-
composed of papers and addresses delivered at what of a departure from the geographic conceptions
various times and before different audiences, and still so largely in vogue throughout this country.
therefore has no centre of unity. Its general tenor, The matter presented, however, has long received
however, may be summed up under two heads : due attention from the best schools and universities
. The


108
[Aug. 16,
THE DIAL
66
of Germany, and is happily beginning to receive the Armada of 1588, and that Puritan England
consideration from our institutions of like grade. was many times in serious danger after that date;
The work aims to set forth, in a simple manner, that Philip himself was less a fanatical Catholic
the relations between human activities and physical than a scheming despot grasping at power; that
environment, and thus to give a broad fundamental James of Scotland plotted with all parties, and de-
and rational conception of their educational value. ceived all in turn; that Essex and Cecil fought
The author designs the book as a manual for teach- each other as bitterly, though as secretly, as they
ers' preparation, rather than for class-room instruc- fought the common enemy; that spies invariably
tion; and the last chapter, on “ The Teacher's betrayed their employers; and that England was
Preparation," offers many hints and suggests many saved to the Reformation more through the Puritan
valuable books for side readings. The book is temper and enthusiasm of her people than by the
timely, sensible, and scholarly, and should be read genius of ruler or of statesmen. In one minor
by every teacher of Geography.
point only does the author's judgment seem open
A. S. WHITNEY. to criticism, and that in connection with a subject
which has not called for any extended statement.
Ralegh, in the attack on Cadiz, is represented —
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
as is usual in histories of that event- as reconciling
Essex and Howard, and persuading them to an
Mr. Martin A. S. Hume's under-
immediate attack. Then, leading the advance, “ he
The last decade of taking in his latest work, entitled
Elizabeth's reign.
struck straight as a hawk at its quarry, at the two
“ Treason and Plot” (Appleton), greatest ships of the Spanish navy.” The incident
could hardly be said to be comprehensive if meas-
is unimportant in itself, but upon it Ralegh's repu-
ured by the period of time covered, but it has been
tation as a naval commander largely rests; and
at least a courageous thing to amplify into the pro-
Mr. Julian S. Corbett, in “ The Successors of
portions of a book the very brief accounts of the
Drake,” working in the same period and using
last relatively unimportant ten years of Elizabeth's
largely the same sources as Mr. Hume, has effec-
reign. These years have commonly been disposed tually destroyed even this slight foundation for
of in a few sentences, or at the most in a chapter, Ralegh’s naval fame. It is probable that the present
by general historians ; while Mr. Hume's account
work was already in press before Mr. Corbett's
is limited to a scientific examination of the plots,
book appeared, for the impression otherwise re-
in England and out of it, for the restoration of
ceived from every page of “ Treason and Plot” is
Catholicism and the overthrow of Elizabeth in favor
that of a laborious, exact, and discriminating study
of Philip II. or some Spanish protegé. The sources
of all available sources and authorities.
of this labor comprise both older and well-known
works, and those more recently discovered docu-
Admirers of Marie Bashkirtseff's
ments of which the author has been so diligent a
Marie Bashkirtseff - Journal” will doubtless welcome
and de Maupassant.
student, as the Spanish manuscripts of Simancas.
the new volume of her - Last Con.
These latter, together with Irish State papers, the fessions" (Stokes), illustrated with portraits of
latest volume of the Venetian papers, the Hatfield Marie and several of her friends, and containing,
papers, and unpublished documents in the Archives besides her diary for three-quarters of the last year
Nationales at Paris, have supplied a wealth of ma- of her life, a very striking series of letters between
terial which Mr. Hume has analyzed and arranged her and Guy de Maupassant. It is undoubtedly
in such fashion as to furnish for each plot and in these that the book finds its best excuse for
intrigue a connected and authoritative account. being. The Marie of the diary of 1883 and 1884
The result, then, is the elaborately detailed descrip- is the same Marie of the earlier volumes, -
tion of plot after plot, or plot within plot, and bidly analytic, passionately self-confident, inordi-
intrigue upon intrigue, for the greater part of the nately vain alike of her beauty and her talents ;
five hundred pages of the book. It is unnecessary absorbed to-day in her gowns, her dinners, or her
to say that such a work does not appeal to popular lovers whom she did not love, — to-morrow hang-
taste, though the author's style of narration seems ing, breathless if half-scornful, on the praises of
intended rather more for general than historical the art critics ; stung continually by the gadily
readers. Yet, while episodal history may not be ambition, and driven to “touch everything” and
interesting in itself, without earnest workers in that leave something before the dying out of the candle
field accurate history of a more readable character that is “cut in four and burning at every end.”
could not be written; and considered in this light, But this Marie we knew already. In her letters
Mr. Hume's present volume merits the highest to Maupassant there is the new interest of seeing
praise. In it he has given us absolutely accurate her at work. “I woke up one morning,” she tells
knowledge, in so far as his sources afford informa- us, “with the desire of getting the pretty things I
tion, of the Catholic conspiracies from 1593 to know how to say appreciated by a connoisseur. I
1603. A perusal of his volume will show that the searched, and chose him.” In six letters “ the
hopes of Philip and of the extreme Catholics were pretty things” - presented anonymously — have
far from being destroyed forever by the defeat of won over to real enthusiasm this cynical French-
mor-
>
66


1901.]
109
THE DIAL
1 / 1
.
man for whom “everything is threadbare,” to be bly, which was the popular branch of government.
“divided into boredom, farce, and misery." "Let He introduces copious illustrations from the Old
us settle accounts over the commonplace,” replies Testament to show that this ancient government
Marie in her third letter. “You are right, on the was not a government by priests, or a purely relig-
whole. But Art just consists in making us swallow ious commonwealth; the fact that, with the single
the commonplace by charming us eternally, as Na- exception of Eli, no priest was ever elected to the
ture does with her eternal sun, and her olden earth, chief magistracy during the entire period of the
and her men built all on the same pattern.” It is Commonwealth, opposes any such interpretation.
because Marie is an artist at life, if supremely an Mr. Straus does not claim that “the structural parts
egotist too, that this new volume will be certain to of our form of government were derived from what
find an audience, though of course it can scarcely was believed to be the components of the Hebrew
hope to repeat the triumph of its predecessors. Commonwealth, but only that this Scriptural model
of government, which was democratic, as distin-
Of the excellent series of “Historical
Handbook of the
guished from kingly rule, had a deep influence upon
chief cities of Guides” to the principal cities of
the founders of our government, and prepared the
Northern Italy.
Europe, begun by Mr. Grant Allen,
minds of the people, especially in the New England
only four volumes had been issued when his labors
colonies, so that they not only longed for, but would
were cut short by death. A fifth volume, called
not content themselves with, any other form of
“Cities of Northern Italy” (A. Wessels Co.),
similar in scope and purpose to its predecessors, sanction, the government of the Hebrews under the
government than that form which had the divine
has been well done by Mr. Allen's friend, Dr.
Judges.” The volume before us is the second re-
George C. Williamson. The cities chosen are
vised edition of Mr. Straus's work, it having been
Milan, Verona, Padua, Bologna, and Ravenna.
first published in 1885. The present edition con-
Differing widely in customs, dialect, art, and gov-
tains an historical essay by the late Emile de
ernment, as these cities have done in the past, often
Laveleye, the eminent Belgian publicist. The sug-
at war with each other and with the great Imperial gestive value of this book to the student of Amer-
power that sought to weld them into one whole,
ican history engaged in making original researches
each naturally possessed its own individuality,
cannot be too strongly emphasized.
which is reflected in the buildings and paintings
that remain within its walls. Dr. Williamson's
There is a decided demand for a
little book undertakes to impress upon the tourist
The difficulties of history of the United States, mid-
what are the characteristic features of each of these
way in size between the high-school
places, and therefore to direct him to what he must texts and the larger histories, and broader in treat-
certainly see in order to comprehend the spirit of ment than either of the volumes of the “Epoch
each individual place and to gain an intelligent Series.” Many people desire to read some history
idea of Italy. The finest brick architecture of Italy of their country, but can find no very satisfactory
is to be seen at Verona ; the work of Giotto can account of the Colonial period, and are appalled
only be understood after a visit to Padua ; Francia by the bulk of Schouler, McMaster, or von Holst,
can only be studied in Bologna; the art of mosaic covering the period of Independence. A good re-
has its finest example at Ravenna ; and so each view of both periods, moderate in compass and
town has its own supreme attractions. For those developing the underlying causes that have brought
who go to Europe with an honest and reverent de- us to our present position, would be useful in many
sire to learn what they can from the Old World, ways. We have thought that the numbers of Put-
this scholarly and convenient handbook will be nam's “ Story of the Nations” series on “ The
found a desirable supplement to the invaluable Colonies ” and “ The United States," which have
Bædeker.
for some time been announced as in preparation,
The Hebrew and
“The Origin of Republican Form of might meet this demand. The number on “The
the American Government in the United States of Colonies," by Miss Helen Ainslie Smith, has recently
Commonwealth.
America" (Patnam) is a thoughtful been issued in two volumes. The result disappoints
discussion of the effect which religious ideas had in our anticipation so far as the earlier period is con-
the shaping and practical working of our present cerned, since the book is not strong enough for the
form of government. The author, Mr. Oscar S. purpose indicated. The author has emphasized
Straus, adduces some cogent reasons for maintaining the “story” idea by striving to make the narrative
that the Hebrew Commonwealth, which embraced as entertaining as possible, and in this has fairly
that period of the history of the children of Israel succeeded. Unfortunately, a faulty arrangement
from the Exodus to the selection of Saul as king, of matter spoils the effect. Anyone who has under-
presented the model of a Democratic Republic to taken to present the history of the English Colonies
the early fathers of America. He says the central in America knows the difficulty of correlation.
or national government of this commonwealth was Sometimes the streams run in separate channels,
divided into three departments, namely : the Chief sometimes unite for a while in one combination,
Executive, who was called Judge or Shophete; the and later divide and form other combinations.
Senate, Sanhedrim or Synedrium; and the Assem- The best that can be done is to treat the Colonies


110
(Aug. 16,
THE DIAL
a
in natural groups down to the French war,
and The book is thus a valuable aid to the study of the
after that to treat them as a whole. The method history of Cromwell's day, and of that leader of
of this work is to take each Colony in the acciden- men who was in so many ways the embodiment of
tal order of settlement, and to give its story sep- the best spirit of his time. As an accompaniment
arately from start to finish. That the history of to the recent lives of Cromwell, it is essential to
the Revolution, divided in this way into twelve or the real student of biography. The reader cannot
thirteen parts, cannot be satisfactory, goes without but wonder and regret that so little remains of the
saying. Other parts of the work suffer similarly words of one who played so prominent a part dur-
from its artificial arrangement.
ing this important epoch of Parliamentary history.
The publishers have given the book an attractive
One of the best as well as the briefest
A new short life
dress, and there is an excellent body of notes.
of the
of George Eliot.
numerous biographies of
George Eliot is the one written by
We give but half praise, though that
Miss Clara Thomson for the series of “ West- Mediæval forms of not faint nor grudging, to Mr. E.
classic mythology.
minster Biographies" (Small, Maynard & Co.).
M. Clerke's “ Fable and Song in
George Eliot's outward surroundings, from girlhood Italy” (A. Wessels Co.). Of his two objects,
on, had a great influence in determining the setting
setting neither seems to us quite attained, although both
of her novels ; while her inner life had a powerful offer something of interest. Where he had in mind
force in shaping the actions and motives of her
the tracing of the antique, the classical element in
characters. Her religious opinions have been vari-
the mediæval legend of Charlemagne as it took
ously judged and misjudged, passing as they did literary form in the epics of Boiardo and Ariosto,
,
from extreme evangelicalism in youth to positivism he had a subject in which we hold it quite impos-
in later life; but her attitude as a whole is happily sible for anyone but a genius to be exhaustive
characterized in one of the concluding pages of the and scholarly” and at the same time to attract
book before us: “ Throughout these changes of and fascinate the reader. Mr. Clerke disclaims
opinion she retained what were her most striking the first of these objects, but in such a subject one
characteristics, - her intense desire to raise the
cannot really leave the feeling for scholarship and
level of life, to awaken the spiritual consciousness
completeness entirely behind. As a result, the first
of her contemporaries. Her very negation of
Her very negation of part of the book is sometimes interesting and
orthodox creeds increased her passion for humanity; sometimes correct, but often quite superficial and
and the conviction that there could be no further often dull. Further, when we get on in the
compensation for present pain inspired her with an
book toward the end we rather miss the continuity
intense longing to help the losers in life’s war, and in subject that the author has in mind in dealing
to insist with increasing solemnity on the inexorable
with some subjects in more modern Italian litera-
law of consequences." An ample chronology at ture. But here, as in the earlier part of the book,
the beginning and a bibliography at the end of the
there is a good deal in one place or another that
volume are additional features of excellence in this
one likes to turn over.
small book.
In Mr. C. L. Stainer's collection of
Popular interest in mosquitoes has
The speeches of
The terror of
the 66
Speeches of Oliver Cromwell”
mosquitoes.
been greatly increased by recent
(Oxford University Press), we have
discoveries which have shown how
an historical source-book of the best type, with all these insect pests may carry disease and how they
the scrupulous accuracy of modern scholarship. are primarily responsible for the ravages of malaria.
The manuscripts of the period have been carefully Dr. L. 0. Howard, of the United States Depart-
examined, and the existing reports of the great ment of Agriculture, has rendered the public a
orator's speeches have been followed with literal great service in preparing for general use bis book
exactness. Not only are those speeches given of on “ Mosquitoes” (McClure, Phillips & Co.), which
which reports are to be found, but the “substance" treats of the life-habits of these creatures, details
of a large number of other and less-known speeches the method by which some diseases are carried by
is given. In his Preface, the editor discusses the them, and gives a simple outline of the classifica-
question of the fidelity of the reports that have tion of the known North American forms with
come down to us, and gives incidentally some idea especial attention to the characteristics of the dan-
of the Parliamentary reporting of the seventeenth gerous species. The successful efforts which have
century. “On the whole, the general conclusion been made in some localities afflicted with mosqui-
must be that the original reports of these speeches toes to relieve the plague are reported, and prac-
are missing, that many circumstances doubtless tical precautions are set forth for the use of homes
conspired to make them difficult to decipher, and and communities in protecting themselves from
that there is no very great reason to suppose that the annoyances and dangers which these little
our translations or copies of them are necessarily pests bring. The facts contained in this volume
accurate. We must make the best of the texts left should be in the possession of every household, and
to us, but they do little justice to the man who the book should form a part of the equipment of
seems to have been the greatest orator of his time.” campers and travellers.
Oliver Cromwell.


1901.)
111
THE DIAL
NOTES.
There is no city in old Scotland that
Romantic
is so attractive to the traveller as
Edinburgh,
Edinburgh. He is not satisfied with
one day's sojourn, nor can he as easily leave at the
end of the first week as he could the first day. He
wants to spend several weeks and “do up” the
city. Mr. John Geddie's " Romantic Edinburgh
(Dutton) is a treasure for just that man. The book,
with its scores of illustrations, takes the reader into
every part of that historic city, and displays with
wonderful historical knowledge the persons and
events connected with this and that old close or
house. The ravines, the streams, the crags, the
fortresses, all stand out with great vividness. The
Walter Scott enthusiast, the admirer of David
Hume, the follower of John Knox, the lover of
R. L. Stevenson, will all find food for their enthu-
siasm in this noble old city. Mr. Geddie has laid
all the past of Edinburgh under tribute to bis pages,
and has made a volume of eminent usefulness.
BRIEFER MENTION.
Messrs. Newson & Co. publish two series of modern
language text-books, German and French, respectively,
that seem to us particularly commendable. Each series
contains three volumes - a “First French Book," a
“Second French Book,” and “French Daily Life,”— the
German set being similarly divided. The text, even
in the book for beginners, is wholly in the foreign
language, and requires that language to be spoken in
the class-room from the start. A good many modern
ideas have been embodied in these books, which aim to
effect the reforms in teaching sought for by such men
as Professor Victor, and such societies as the Associa-
tion Phonétique Internationale. A Swiss teacher, M.
Alge, is primarily responsible for the plan of this
series, and the American editor is Mr. Walter H.
Buell.
“ Hamlet” and “Romeo and Juliet” are the first
two volumes of “The Dowden Shakespeare,” published
by the Bowen-Merrill Co. This edition is in bandsome
library form, and each play will have a volume to itself.
The aim of the editor - who is no other than Professor
Edward Dowden — has been to provide a scholarly
text, to supply such notes as the cultivated reader
really needs, and “to exhibit the variations from the
editor's text which are found in the primary sources in
so far as those variations are of importance for the
ascertainment of the text." Each volume has a critical
introduction by the editor. These books are printed in
large clear type, and the edition is in every respect ex-
ceedingly attractive.
Mr. John La Farge's series of lectures given at the
Metropolitan Museum at New York, seven years ago,
has been newly reprinted with the title “Considera-
tions on Painting” (Macmillan). These lectures deal
with such subjects as “ Personality and Choice," "
Sug-
gestion and Intention,” “ Illusions,” “Sincerity,” etc.
From the nature of the case, the tone is somewhat
pedagogical, but Mr. La Farge's utterances on art sub-
jects carry a weight and interest for others as well as
students.
Mr. Alan Sanders is the author of the “ Elements of
Plane Geometry,” published by the American Book Co.
“ The Guilford Speller,” by Messrs. A. B. Guilford
and Aaron Lovell, is a recent publication of Messrs.
Ginn & Co.
" Exercises in Qualitative Chemistry, Chiefly Inor-
ganic,” by Professor John White, is a recent educational
publication of Messrs. Henry Holt & Co.
“ The Natural Arithmetic,” by Mr. Isaac 0). Wins-
low, is a publication of the American Book Co. It is
a work in three parts, each occupying a separate volume.
“ Thc Wife of Bath's Tale: Its Sources and Ana-
logues,” by Mr. G. H. Maynadier, is a new volume of
the “Grimm Library,” published by Mr. David Nutt.
“The Provençal Lyric,” by Professor Lewis F. Mott,
is a lecture delivered before the Comparative Litera-
ture Society, and now published in a neat volume by
Mr. W. R. Jenkins.
“The Book of Asparagus,” by Mr. Charles Ilott, is
published by Mr. John Lane. It is the first volume of
a new series, edited by Mr. Harry Roberts, and en-
titled “ Handbooks of Practical Gardening.”
“ Tennyson," by Mr. Morton Luce, is a “Temple
Primer," following Mr. Gardner's “ Dante” in wbat
we hope will prove a series of volumes devoted to the
great poets. The Macmillan Co. are the American
publishers.
The “ Hand-Book to the Pan-American Exposition,”
published by Messrs. Rand, McNally & Co., is a con-
venient guide for the tourist, and is supplemented with
a section, almost as necessary as the main part of the
work, upon Niagara Falls.
“Poetry for Poetry's Sake” is the title of a pamphlet
printed at the Oxford Clarendon Press. It contains
the inaugural lecture of Dr. A. C. Bradley, delivered last
June upon the occasion of his first appearance as Pro-
fessor of Poetry in the University of Oxford.
The success of Mr. B. L. Taylor's “ Bilioustine " bas
been so pronounced that Mr. William S. Lord, the
publisher, now announces a limited edition de lure of
this clever parody - if it be possible to parody the
grotesque forthputtings of the self-acclaimed philos-
opher of the “ Philistine.”
M. Jules Verne's “Une Ville Flottante," abridged
and edited by Mr. C. Fontaine, and a volume of “ Lec-
tures Historiques” upon “Le Dix-Septième Siècle en
France," edited by Misses Delphine Duval and H. Isabell
Williams, are two recent school texts published by
Messrs. Henry Holt & Co.
Messrs. Silver, Burdett & Co. are the publishers of
“ Seven Great American Poets,” by Miss Beatrice Hart.
This is a book for school use, and Poe is placed, very
properly, as one of the seven — the other six being
those universally accepted. The treatment is primarily
biographical, and secondarily critical, while extracts
are supplied in generous measure.
Messrs. A. C. McClurg & Co. make the interesting
announcement “that their publishing department will
hereafter be under the full management of Mr. F. G.
Browne, for the past twelve years business
of
THE DIAL. Mr. Browne comes to his task well fitted
by temperament, training, and business experience to
undertake the responsibilities of his position.” Those
who have had business relations with The Dial during
manager
a


112
(Aug. 16,
THE DIAL
Wood-Pile Recollections. By Charles Louis Olds. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 140. Abbey Press. 50 cts.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
Works of Lord Byron. New, revised, and enlarged edi-
tion. Poetry, Vol. IV., edited by Ernest Hartley Cole-
ridge, M.A. Illus. in photogravure, 8vo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 588. Charles Scribner's Sons. $2.
")
POETRY AND VERSE.
The Queen's Chronicler, and Other Poems. By Stephen
Gwynn. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 108, John Lane.
$1.25.
One Day and Another: A Lyrical Eclogue. By Madison
Cawein, 18mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 108. Lyric Library."
R. G. Badger & Co. $1.25.
Song-Surf, By Cale Young Rice. 18mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 107, “Lyric Library." R. G. Badger & Co.
$1.25.
Birds Uncaged, and Other Poems. By Burton L. Collins.
12mo, pp. 143. Abbey Press. $1.
the period in question will understand how well these
words describe Mr. Browne's qualifications for the work
which he has now taken up, and will confidently await
the new impetus that his management will give to the
publishing department of that old and dignified house.
“ Jesus fra Nazaret Set med Nutidsöjne,” by Herr
Sigurd Trier, is a pamphlet that comes to us from
Copenhagen. The “modern eyes” with which the
figure of Jesus is viewed are of the sort that reject the
supernatural in order to find a deeper human meaning
in the personality of the founder of Christianity. The
writing is temperate in tone, and rather persuasive than
aggressive in manner.
The Open Court Publishing Co. have added to their
Religion of Science Library” Bishop Berkeley's
Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous.”
This work, of course, is one of the classics of philo-
sophical literature, but most people know it by name
only, and bave little idea of its literary charm or of
its logical cogenoy.
No one has ever improved upon
Berkeley's statement of philosophical idealism, and it
remains the best of all books for opening the mind to
the fundamental truth of metaphysics.
The publishers of Edgren and Burnet's - French and
English Dictionary" take exception to our recent criti-
cism of that work. The passage to which we objected
is the following: “The 'par' of French exchange in
New York is five francs to the dollar. It fluctuates by
eighths of centimes.” Quoting this, we condensed it
slightly, making it read: “Five francs to the dollar is
the par of exchange, which fluctuates from time to
time.” Admitting the literal inaccuracy of the quota-
tion, we are unable to detect any essential difference
between the two forms. The substitution of " which ”
for "it" makes absolutely no change in the construction
of the passage, and the contention that the pronoun
refers to “ French exchange” alone is quite untenable.
The “par' of French exchange" is the subject of both
sentences, for the term “par of exchange" is as insep-
arable a compound as “man of war. Consequently,
both sentences, as they stand in the “ Dictionary," are
wrong. The first is an inaccuracy, since the “par” in
question is 5.18+. The second is an absurdity, since a
par of exchange" cannot fluctuate.
6
66
)
FICTION
The Manager of the B. & A. By Vaughan Kester. 12mo,
pp. 275. ." American Novel Series." Harper & Brothers.
$1.50.
J. Devlin - Boss: A Romance of American Politics. By
Francis Churchill Williams. Illus., 12mo, pp. 520.
Lothrop Publishing Co. $1.50.
Casting of Nets. By Richard Bagot. 12mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 362. John Lane. $1.50.
The Nineteenth Hole: Being Tales of the Fair Green
(Second Series). By Van Tassel Sutphen. With portrait
in colors, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 191. Portrait Col-
lection of Short Stories.” Harper & Brothers. $1.15 net.
The Lord of the Sea: A Romance. By M. P. Shiel. With
frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 474. F. A. Stokes Co. $1.50.
She Stands Alone: The Story of Pilate's Wife. By Mark
Ashton. Illus., 12mo, pp. 339. L. C. Page & Co.
$1,50.
Arline Valére: A Story of Life. By Joseph Hallworth ;
illus. by the author. 12mo, gilt edges, pp. 161. L. C.
Page & Co. $1.50.
The Wbirligig. By Mayne Lindsay. Illus., 12mo, pp. 283.
Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.25.
The Crystal Sceptre: A Story of Adventure. By Philip
Verrill Mighels. 12mo, pp. 389. R. F. Fenno & Co.
$1.50.
That Sweet Enemy. By Katharine Tynan (Mrs. Hink-
son). 12mo, pp. 326. J. B. Lippincott Co. $1.
When a Witch is Young: A Historical Novel. By 4-
19— 69. 12mo, pp. 442. R. F. Fenno & Co. $1.50.
£19,000.” By Barford Delannoy. 12mo, pp. 297. R. F.
Fenno & Co. $1.25.
The Golden Tooth. By J. Maclaren Cobban, 12mo, pp. 306.
F.M. Buckles & Co. $1.25.
Geoffrey Strong. By Laura E. Richards. Illus., 16mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 217. Dana Estes & Co. 75 cts.
New England Folk. By Mrs. C. Richmond Duxbury.
12mo, pp. 295. Abbey Press. $1.
Green Valley. By T. P. Buffington. 12mo, pp. 151.
Abbey Press. $1.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION.
Surrey. By Walter Jerrold ; illus. by J. A. Symington.
16no, pp. 316. “Dent's Country Guides." E. P. Dutton
& Co. $1.50 net.
NATURE-STUDIES.
Blossom Hosts and Insect Guests. By William Hamilton
Gibson ; edited by Eleanor E. Davie ; illus. by the author.
12mo, pp. 197. New York: Newson & Company, 80c, net.
The Book of Asparagus, with Sections also on Celery,
Salsify, Scorzonera, and Seakale. By Charles llott,
F.R.H.S. Illus., 12mo, unout, pp. 108. John Lane.
75 cts.
SCIENCE.
Archæological Investigations on the Island of La Plata,
Ecuador. By George A. Dorsey. Illus., large 8vo, uncut,
pp. 150. Chicago : Field Columbian Museum. Paper.
The Oraibi Soyal Ceremony. By George A. Dorsey and
H. R. Voth. Illus., large 8vo, upcut, pp. 59. Chicago:
Field Columbian Museum, Paper.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[ The following list, containing 50 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
BIOGRAPHY.
Felix Reville Brunot, 1820-1898: A Civilian in the War
for the Union, President of the First Board of Indian
Commissioners. By Charles Lewis Slattery. Illus, in
photogravure, etc., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 204. Long-
mans, Green, & Co. $2.
Sketches of Booksellers of Other Days. By E. Marston.
With portraits, 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 182, Charles
Scribner's Sons. $2, net.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
Men and Letters. By Herbert Paul, 12mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 334. John Lane. $1.50.
Two Moods of a Man, with Other Papers and Short Stories.
By Violet Fane. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 269. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $2.
The Devil's Diary. By Louis M. Elshemus. 12mo, pp. 271.
Abbey Press. $1.
Out of the Pigeon-Holes. By E. S. Goodhue, M.D. With
frontispiece, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 191. Alma, Michigan :
Geo. F. Butler Pub'g Co.


1901.]
113
THE DIAL
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An Aërial Runaway: The Balloon Adventures of Rod and
Tod in North and South America. By W. P. and C. P.
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BOOKS FOR SCHOOL AND COLLEGE.
The Natural Arithmetic. By Isaac 0. Winslow, M.A. In
3 books ; 12mo. American Book Co. $1.20 net.
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Elements of Plane Geometry. By Alan Sanders. 12mo,
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The Guilford Speller. By A. B. Guilford and Aaron Lovell.
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For Full Particulars Address
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D. C., care HEALY, 18-20 Chambers Street, New York City Vendors of RARE, HISTORICAL, and GENERAL BOOKS.
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Send for "SPECIAL LIST OF AMERICANA AND CANADIANA."
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33-37 East 17th Street (Union Square, N.), New York Classifled Catalogues free on application.


114
[Aug. 16,
THE DIAL
KINGSLEY SCHOOL EIGHT TO FOURTEEN YEARS
Our Aim: CHARACTER
We do not object to boys full of animal life. We rather prefer them. Vicious boys we will not accept at any price. Manual training based
on correct art ideals and conducted in an altruistic spirit. Refined family life combined with a school routine and discipline adapted to
young boys. Location, according to United States vital statistics, one of three most healthful in country. New building - gymnasium,
bowling alley, model class-rooms ready in Fall. Vacation school, June to September. Best care of your boy while you are in Europe.
Address, J. R. CAMPBELL, M.A., Essex Falls, Caldwell Postoffice, N. J.
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William J. Campbell
No. 1218 Walnut Street
PHILADELPHIA
PENN.
Has just issued a
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of rare books, par-
ticularly of Ameri-
cana. If you want
one write for it.
BOOKS WHEN CALLING, PLEASE ASK FOR
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AT
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LIBERAL
Address MR. ORANT.
DISCOUNTS Before buying Books, write for quotations. An
assortment of catalogues, and special slips of
books at reduced prices, will be sent for a ten-cent stamp.
F. E. GRANT, Books, 23 West 124 Street,
York.
Mention this advertisement and receive a discount.
BERCY’S
BOOKS
for teaching French. Also
French and other foreign
books of all kinds at
William R. Jenkins
851 AND 853 SIXTH AVENUE, NEW YORK
A SWELL TRAIN
SEND FOR CATALOGUE.
Pan-American
Special
Study and Practice of French.
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Vance Cheney School of Music, The Sherwood Music School, The Prang Educational Co., D. Appleton & Co., etc.


1901.]
115
THE DIAL
INTERESTING BOOKS
"From out of the West.”
FOR SCHOOLS AND HOMES
FOR THE BLUE
AND GOLD
England's Story:
A History for Grammar and High Schools.
By EVA MARCH TAPPAN of the English High School, Worcester, Mass.
With more than 100 maps and illustrations. Crown 8vo, 80 ods. net,
postpaid.
A Tale of Life at the University of California
BY
JOY LICHTENSTEIN
The Government of the American People.
By FRANK STRONG, President, and JOSEPH SCHATER, Assistant Professor
of History, in the University of Oregon, Eugene, Ore. Crown 8vo,
65 cts. net, postpaid.
$1.50 net
“A rattling good story of undergraduate
life, its work and its play. There are scores
of healthy, plucky, fun-loving, sturdy young
Americans, who keep the interest at a glow
from start to finish. It is a book that should
be read by all college graduates, by all in col-
lege, and by those intending to enter college.”
- New Orleans Picayune.
The Riverside Art Series.
By ESTELLE M. HURLL, author of the “Life of our Lord in Art."
Each number, 12mo, about 100 pages, with 15 representative pictures
and a portrait of a famous artist, with explanatory text and valuable
introductory matter. Each, paper, 35 cts.; cloth, 50 cls. Sube
scription price for any four consecutive issues: paper, 81,25;
cloth, $1.80. All prices are net, postpaid.
Issues for 1901-1902.
9, Landseer ; 10, Corregio; 11, Tuscan Sculpture ;
12, Van Dyck.
At all Bookstores, or from
A. M. ROBERTSON, PUBLISHER
No. 126 Post Street SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
Descriptive circulars of the books mentioned above will be sent on
application; also an illustrated catalogue of books suilable for use in
schools and colleges.
HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & COMPANY,
4 Park Street, Boston.
85 Fifth Ave., New York. 377-388 Wabash Ave., Chicago.
BRENTANO'S
A LITTLE BOOK OF
TRIBUNE VERSE
Is a collection of poems written
by
EUGENE FIELD
Chicago's Representative Book Store
and the only establishment in
Chicago maintaining
a representative stock of books in
English German
French Spanish
and Italian
While Associate Editor of The Denver Tribune,
1881-'83, and
NEVER BEFORE ISSUED
IN BOOK FORM
Vellum cloth, gilt top, $1.50.
Limited Large-Paper Edition, three-quarters
morocco, $5.00.
For information, address
BRENTANO'S
TANDY, WHEELER & CO., Publishers,
Denver, Colorado.
218 Wahasb Avenue : : CHICAGO


116
(Aug. 16, 1901.
THE DIAL
THREE NEW TEXT BOOKS
American Literature
By Alphonso G. Newcomer, The Leland Stanford Jr. University.
1. The book itself is a contribution to American Literature. Its study, therefore, culti-
vates an appreciation of and a love for pure literature.
2. Its judgments are sound and independent. The author has not gone to current criticism
for his opinions, but has reached his conclusions and stated them in an attractive and forceful style.
3. It has the point of view of the historian as well as the litterateur. It cultivates, even
in young pupils, the sense of time and place and the influences of both upon literary productions.
4. Its treatment is such as to stimulate the appetite for reading good books, a service for
young people that can hardly be overestimated.
5. The author has kept before him constantly the idea of relations and proportion. A back-
ground for the few prominent names is supplied in the brief treatment of a larger number of authors.
Seven groups of portraits. Cloth, with side stamp. Price, $1.00.
a
Vergil's Æneid
Books I.-VI. Complete; Selections from Remaining Books.
Introduction, Notes, and Vocabulary.
By CHARLES KNAPP, Ph.D., Barnard College, Columbia University.
This new edition of Vergil will claim the attention of teachers
1. Because of its very extensive Introduction, which is of special historical and literary
value to the student, and is at the same time the most complete treatise on the grammar and
prosody of Vergil that has appeared in any American text-book.
2. Because all the long vowels are marked throughout the text.
3. Because of the scholarly and helpful character of the annotation.
4. Because the notes are placed on the same page with the text, thus making them con-
stantly available in the preparation of the lesson.
5. Because a separate text is supplied for recitation purposes.
6. Because of its complete vocabulary, its very excellent map, and fine full-page illustrations.
12mo, half leather, 12 full-page engravings, large map, 620 pages. Price, $1.40.
College Algebra
By James HARRINGTON Boyd, Ph.D., University of Chicago.
The book is distinctly a contribution to the literature of the science of Algebra. It will
appeal to the progressive teacher because it is written so far as possible from the standpoint of
modern mathematicians. All the topics for a complete course in college algebra are exhaust-
ively treated. The extensive lists of new exercises, the numerous practical problems, and the
graphical illustrations, are all features that will make the book valuable as a text. The com-
plete system of cross-references makes it practical to use independently any part of the book
for reading or study.
Crown octavo, half morocco, 800 pages. Price, $2.00.
a
SCOTT, FORESMAN & COMPANY, Publishers, Chicago
THE DIAL PRESS, FINE ARTS BUILDING, CHICAGO


THE DIAL
A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF
Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
EDITED BY
FRANCIS F. BROWNE.
Volume XXXI.
No. 365.
CHICAGO, SEPT. 1, 1901.
10 cts. a copy. | FINE ARTS BUILDING.
Rooms 506-630-631.
82. a year.
Ready in Book Form about September 20
GILBERT PARKER'S
GREAT NOVEL
THE RIGHT OF WAY
"THE
'HE RIGHT OF WAY” is unquestionably the greatest work of the
author of “The Seats of the Mighty” and “The Battle of the
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matic power, a love story, and a tale of curious psychological interest.
During its appearance as a serial in HARPER'S MAGAZINE it has met
with the most enthusiastic reception.
ILLUSTRATED WITH SIXTEEN DRAWINGS
BY A. I. KELLER
Price, $1.50
HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK


118
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT
READY SATURDAY, AUGUST 31
CAPTAIN RAVENSHAW
Ву
ROBERT NEILSON STEPHENS
Author of “ PHILIP WINWOOD,” “An ENEMY TO THE King," etc.
Beautifully illustrated by HOWARD PYLE and other artists. Cloth, 400 pages, $1.50.
Mr. Stephens's best work. Read it.
OTHER GOOD NOVELS
The Devil's Plough She Stands Alone
By
The Story of Pilate's Wife
ANNA FARQUHAR
By
Author of “Her Boston EXPERIENCES."
MARK ASHTON
Illustrated. Cloth, $1.50.
Illustrated. Cloth, $1.50.
“ Head and shoulders above the so-called histor- “ It will attract and repay earnest readers."
ical romances." — Philadelphia Press.
-New York World.
66
Antonia
By
JESSIE VAN ZILE BELDEN.
Arline Valere
By
JOSEPH HALLWORTH
A realistic povel of modern New York.
Illustrated. Cloth, $1.50.
A facsimile reproduction of the author's manuscript.
“In every respect the production of an artist.”
-Boston Transcript.
A Tale of Colonial New York. Illustrated.
$1.50.
“ A jewel of a book.”
-
Philadelphia Times.
A Daughter of Mystery
By
NORMAN SILVER
A stirring “detective story," filled with breathless incident and climaxes. Cloth, 12mo,
$1.50.
SEND FOR NEW LIST OF PUBLICATIONS.
L. C. PAGE & COMPANY, 200 Summer St., Boston


1901.]
119
THE DIAL
Sixth Thousand.
A A Summer Hymnal
6
6
U
By JOHN TROTWOOD MOORE
12 mo, illustrated with half-tones and a photogravure frontispiece by Clare Victor Dwiggins.
List price,. $1.25.
MARION HARLAND says:
“For we have in the . Hymnal' one of the most exquisite pastorals of American life ever written. It is
an Idyll — a . Reverie,' than which nothing more charming has been offered to our reading public since
Ik Marvel founded a school of his own fifty-one years ago. Our United Country' is proud of the State
that bas given us within a dozen years Charles Egbert Craddock and this later and gentler painter of
Tennessee life.”
“There is in the philosophy of this novel something deliciously sweet and comforting. . . A book of
this sort occasionally is a delight and an inspiration.” – Louisville Times.
“Mr. Moore displays more sentiment than does Mr. Allen, and a shrewder philosophy.” – New York
Times' Saturday Review.
“Truly, this author of "A Summer Hymnal' has touched and sustained a bigh note in novel writing.
We shall think of him and of his book-people as tenderly as of summer days themselves. He has written
for our hearts as well as our heads.” - New York World.
•
-
Twelfth Thousand.
In Search of Mademoiselle
By GEORGE GIBBS.
The New York Press says: “It is a gem. It out-
ranks · Richard Carvel.' It dims the lustre of Janice
Meredith.' Mr. Gibbs's style is unapproachable."
Third Thousand.
Ourselves as we see others;
Others as they see us.
Crankisms
By L. de V. MATTHEWMAN. Pictured by
C. V. Dwiggins.
100 Aphorisms, 100 Illustrations, 100 Pages.
Square 12mo, $1.00.
“ Some of these quips are acidly cynical, some are
the very essence of the witty, many are unctuously
humorous." - St. Louis Mirror.
“As for the illustrations, the mischievous and
whimsical fancy of the artist, inspired by a spirit of
fun as genial as it is keen, simply cannot be ade-
quately suggested by words." - Washington Times.
Sixth Thousand.
The Tower of Wye
By WILLIAM HENRY BABCOCK.
Illustrated by George Gibbs.
“ The narrative is thrilling and enthralling.”
- New York World.
“ The story fascinates from beginning to end."
Current Literature (N. Y.).
“Well done and delightfully told. The story is
one of interest and power.” – Louisville Times.
Now Ready.
Mrs. Stoddard's Works
The Morgesons
Two Men
Temple House
New Library Edition. 12mo, cloth, gilt,
each, $1.50.
Bridge Whist
The Handy Dictionary
of Biography
How to Play It.
A Complete Manual of the Game.
16mo, cloth, gilt, list price $1.00.
“ The present handbook succinctly explains the
principles of the game and gives advice based upon
actual experience as to the best methods of regulating
the play. It likewise presents a code of laws for
bridge whist, which has heretofore been lacking, lead-
ing to much confusion and some bitterness in card.
playing circles." - Washington Star.
By CHARLES MORRIS.
Crown 8vo, half leather, $2.00.
In date, down to the accession of Edward VII.
The newest and best.
HENRY T. COATES & CO., Publishers, Philadelphia
.


120
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
FALL
Fall PUBLICATIONS
“ From out of the West.”
OF
THE ROBERT CLARKE COMPANY
CINCINNATI, OHIO.
FOR THE BLUE
AND GOLD
A Tale of Life at the University of California
BY
JOY LICHTENSTEIN
$1.50 net
“A rattling good story of undergraduate
life, its work and its play. There are scores
of healthy, plucky, fun loving, sturdy young
Americans, who keep the interest at a glow
from start to finish. It is a book that should
be read by all college graduates, by all in col-
lege, and by those intending to enter college."
- New Orleans Picayune.
At all Bookstores, or from
A. M. ROBERTSON, PUBLISHER
No. 126 Post Street . . SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
PALMER.
Personal Recollections of John M. Palmer.
The Story of an Earnest Life. 8vo, cloth, net $3.00; deliv-
ered, $3.25.
General John M. Palmer bore a great part in building up the State
of Hlinois. Lawyer, politician, soldier, statesman, his name is "writ
large" in its anpals. He was the friend and associate of all the
great men whom the people of Illinois have honored and loved, and he
was worthy of their regard. He bore a part in some of the most
important political events which have transpired in his state and the
nation during the last half century, and was intimately connected with
the great actors who were the human agencies that gave to them his.
torical importance. His book is dedicated to the people of the State of
Nlinois, and especially to the young men who may feel some interest
in the struggles of one who earnestly sought in his private and public
relations to be useful in his day and generation.
PAX SON.
A Buckeye Baron.
A Rural Story of a Buckeye Boy. By W. A. Paxson, of the
Ohio Bar. Illustrated. 12mo, cloth, gold and colors, $1.50.
Mr. Paxson, a member of the Greene County, Ohio, bar, and a
writer and poet of no mean repute, is giving us of his best in a very
pleasing story told in his own natural style under the suggestive title
of " A Buckeye Baron.” The scenes of the story are all of Ohio concep-
tion, mostly in and about those romantic and picturesque spots along
the Miami River between Clifton and Yellow Springs. The work is
illustrated by photogravures and pen and ink drawings of a number
of the most beautiful places thereabouts. The time of the story is about
the beginning of the Civil War, and the descriptions of the manners
and customs of Ohio people at that time will surely bring to mind
many almost-forgotten scenes, and will be a delightful book for the
winter evening.
HUBBELL.
Fact and Fancy in Spiritualism, Theosophy
and Psychical Research.
Crown 8vo, cloth, net $1.25; delivered, $1.35.
Mr. Hubbell combines scientific accuracy with a popular literary
style that renders his work a desirable addition to the library of every
person interested in the study of psychic phenomena. The author has
devoted twenty-five years to a careful study of psychic phenomena, and
has embodied a large part of the results of that study in this volume.
The discussion of the more serious phases of these subjects is relieved
by the narration by the author of some of his own personal experiences
with mediums. The description of the work accomplished by the
Society for Psychical Research should be read by every person who
desires to keep abreast of the times in this field of scientific research.
The impartiality and fairness with which opposing views are stated
will commend it to all fair-minded and truth-loving persons.
MONTGOMERY.
Reminiscences of a Mississippian in
Peace and War.
By FRANK A. MONTGOMERY. With portraits, 8vo, cloth,
net $5.00.
(Nearly ready.)
Recent Publications.
YE GODS AND LITTLE Fishes. A Travesty on the Argonautic
Expedition in Quest of the Golden Fleece. By JAMES A. HENSHALL,
M.D. 8vo, cloth extra, net $2.00.
RECOLLECTIONS OF A LIFETIME. By General ROELIFT BRIXK-
ERHOFF. 8vo, cloth, $2.00.
PREHISTORIC IMPLEMENTS. By WARREN K. MOOREHEAD. 8vo,
illustrated, cloth, net $3.00.
SHAKSPER NOT SHAKESPEARE. By WILLIAM H. EDWARDS.
12mo, cloth, $2.00.
THE SONG OF A HEART. By Helene HALL (Mrs. General H. V.
Boynton). 12mo, cloth, $1.25.
MY_MYSTERIOUS CLIENTS. A volume of short stories. By
HARVEY SCRIBNER. 12mo, cloth, $1.25.
A LITTLE BOOK OF
TRIBUNE VERSE
Is a collection of poems written
by
EUGENE FIELD
While Associate Editor of The Denver Tribune,
1881-'83, and
NEVER BEFORE ISSUED
IN BOOK FORM
Vellum cloth, gilt top, $1.50.
Limited Large-Paper Edition, three-quarters
morocco, $5.00.
THE ROBERT CLARKE COMPANY,
Publishers, Booksellers, and Importers,
31, 33, 35 East Fourth Street : CINCINNATI, OHIO.
TANDY, WHEELER & CO., Publishers,
Denver, Colorado.


1901.]
121
THE DIAL
CASSELL & COMPANY'S BOOKS
Cassell's Illustrated History of
A Soldier of the King
The Boer War
Being some Passages in the Life of Mr. John Gifford,
sometime Major in the service of His Majesty
Size 7 x 9}, 1,000 pages, 10 colored plates, one vol-
King Charles I., and afterwards Minister of a
ume, cloth, $3.00.
Congregation of Christ's people at Bedford. By
Depicting in graphic style, and with handsome
Dora M. Jones. 12mo, pp. 300, cloth, $1.25.
and profuse illustrations from the viewpoint of the
eye-witness, all of the important events from the
The romantic story of John Gifford, the original
inception to the present day.
of Bunyan's Evangelist, though well known to
students of Bunyan's early life, has never yet been
An Eventful Life
made the subject of a novel.
"The story is well written, the plot carefully worked
Autobiography of the Rev. ALEXANDER J. HARRI- out, and the tone of the book excellent."
SON, M.A., B.D. The story of a fighter, optimist,
The Living Age.
skeptic, preacher, priest, and missionary. Size “It is a strong book, and shows great care in the
51 x 8, 258 pages, cloth gilt, $1.50.
delineation of character.” — - The Bookseller.
"We have read it from beginning to end at one sitting,
with great pleasure. The book is full of good stories, The Wisdom of Esau
strange happenings, and kindly wisdom."
- Methodist Recorder. By R. L. OUTHWAITE and C. H. CHOMLEY. 12mo,
pp. 345, cloth, $1.25.
Royal Academy Pictures 1901 A story by two writers thoroughly at home in the
In five parts, at 40 cts. each, postpaid; or hand-
atmosphere of Australian adventure and bush life,
who have filled their work with the local color of
somely bound in one volume, size 94 x 12, 200
pages, English cloth, gold stamping, gold edges,
the country, and caught the character of the people
price, $3.00, prepaid.
as few have done.
This year's issue contains five beautiful Rem-
“It is enough like, and yet enough different, from
brandt photogravure plates of representative pictures
pioneer life in our own country to have unusual interest
for American readers.” — Buffalo Express.
in place of the single plate which has heretofore
“It is a readable book and thrilling. The tender sen-
been given.
timent and the womanly heroine is all the most critical
“It is really a beautiful work of art. The scale upon could desire." – Chattanooga News.
which the pictures are produced, and the manner in which
they are brought out on fine art paper, give a vivid idea
of the originals." — Morning.
An Eton Boy's Letters
In the Ice World of Himalaya
By G. Nugent Bankes, author of “A Day of My
Life at Eton,” “ About Some Fellows," etc. $1.25.
Among the Peaks and Passes of Ladakh, Nubra, This work takes the form of the letters of an
Suru, and Baltistan
Eton boy to his relations and friends - from the
By FANNY BULLOCK WORKMAN, F.R.S.G.S., time of his entering to the time of his leaving
M.R.A.S., member of the National Geographic setting forth the vicissitudes of his career, and illus-
Society, Washington, and WILLIAM HUNTER trating the manners and customs of the college.
WORKMAN, M.A., M.D., F.R.G.S., members of
a
the French Alpine Club, authors of Algerian Among the Berbers of Algeria
in de
Siècle Iberia.” With 3 large maps and nearly
100 illustrations. Size, 6 x 9, cloth, gilt, $4.00;
popular edition, a little smaller, same illustrations,
2 maps, $2.00.
While containing many observations of scientific
interest, the book is written in a racy, readable
style, with frequent allusions to matters familiar to
Americans.
By ANTHONY WILKIN, author of “On the Nile
with a Camera.” With 53 pictures, 14 collotype
plates, and a map, size 6 x 9, cloth, $4.00.
This work records and illustrates the wanderings
of two Anthropologists among
the two great Berber
tribes of modern Algeria. The purely scientific
reader will find plenty to interest him; he who is not
so purely scientific will find little to tire or disgust.
CASSELL & COMPANY, Ltd., LBOURNE
,
For sale by booksellers generally, or will be sent, postpaid, on receipt of price by the publishers.
LONDON
PARIS
7 & 9 WEST EIGHTEENTH STREET, NEW YORK.


122
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
A. WESSELS COMPANY
BRENTANO'S
ANNOUNCE
Tolstoy and His Problems
Essays by AYLMER MAUDE.
8vo, cloth, $1.50.
Each essay expresses in one form or other Tolstoy's
view of life. The main object is to explain. Of the
first, Tolstoy wrote, “ I very much approve of it. It
is admirably constructed, and what is most import-
ant is given.”
Chicago's Representative Book Store
and the only establishment in
Chicago maintaining
a representative stock of books in
English German
French Spanish
and Italian
Reporting for the Newspapers
By CHARLES HEMSTREET.
16mo, cloth, 75 cents.
A well known newspaper man tells in an inter-
esting way what to do and what not to do when
gathering news.
For information, address
Two Essays on Chatham
By T. B. MACAULAY.
8vo, paper, $7.50.
In Mr. Arthur L. Humphreys' series of large-type
books. Send for descriptive circular of this series.
BRENTANO'S
7 & 9 WEST EIGHTEENTH ST., NEW YORK
>
218 Wabash Avenue : : CHICAGO
A SWELL TRAIN
Chicago, Milwaukee &
St. Paul Railway
Pan-American
Special
Equipment the best that the Pullman and Michigan
Central shops can turn out. Elegant sleeping cars,
dining cars, buffet cars, and coaches.
VIA NIAGARA FALLS
TO THE
Buffalo Exposition
Electric Lighted Trains Between
CHICAGO
DES MOINES
SIOUX CITY
OMAHA
CHICAGO
MILWAUKEE
ST. PAUL
MINNEAPOLIS
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Ar. Buffalo next morning, 7:45 P, M.
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Ar. Chicago 9.30 A, M., serving breakfast.
MICHIGAN CENTRAL
EVERY DAY IN THE WEEK.
“The Niagara Falls Route."
The Only Line running directly by and in full view
of Niagara Falls, stopping its day trains at Falls View
Station.
Other trains from Chicago, 10.30 A, M., 3.00 P. M.,
and 11.30 P. M. daily.
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[Sept. 1, 1901.
THE DIAL
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THE
DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of
each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, postage
prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries
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for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application;
and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATES furnished
on application. All communications should be addressed to
THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago.
No. 365.
SEPT. 1, 1901.
Vol. XXXI.
CONTENTS.
PAGB
POPULAR FORMS OF MODERN BIOGRAPHY.
Annie Russell Marble
125
.
THE SELBORNE NATURALIST. Percy Favor
Bicknell
129
.
.
THE INVENTORY OF A CENTURY. W.H. Carruth 131
THE PASTON LETTERS. James Westfall Thompson 132
ORATIONS AND ESSAYS OF A PUBLICIST.
Duane Mowry.
133
POPULAR FORMS OF MODERN
BIOGRAPHY.
Amid the ebb and flow of literary fashions, biog-
raphy, one of the earliest forms, has maintained a
steadfast and increasing current of interest. Dur-
ing the last half-century its appreciation, formerly
stable but restricted, has pervaded the wider reading-
public. Nearly twenty-five years ago an English
critic sought to explain the “temporary rage
for biography, and prophesied its speedy retreat
into its former channel, reserved for scholars and
critics. This “temporary rage" proved only the
influx of a popularity which has grown without
abate, until biography to-day ranks a close second
to fiction. In America last year the issues of let-
ters and memoirs outnumbered the records of pre-
vious years by more than a hundred volumes, and
elsewhere was a corresponding increase. At the
public libraries, the demand for biography is fast
rivalling that for fiction; as additions to private li-
braries, these life-narratives outrank fiction, poetry,
and the essay
The line of demarkation between literary forms
is becoming less distinct. There are extremists who
prophesy its ultimate abolition between prose and
poetry. Current drama and fiction are already cor-
related and sequential; history, biography, and crit-
icism are verging toward common ground. With
the exception of a few volumes of constitutional
trend, exampled in the work of Mr. Goldwin Smith,
latter-day history seems destined to fulfil the doc-
trine associated with Carlyle's name and become
“biography of great men.” French history of the
Revolution and the Empire has never been so viv-
idly presented as in the biographies of Von Holst
and Saint-Amand; the lives of Lincoln and Grant
form popular histories of the Civil War. The present-
day enthusiasm over historical romance may be
largely traced to this interest in biographic history.
The charm of “Hugh Wynne” resides in the pho-
tographic studies of Washington and Arnold; the
most effective scenes in “The Crisis” are the
revelations of the many-sided nature of Abraham
Lincoln,
This infusion of biographic motive into many
branches of literature, and the demand for remin-
iscent material, is partly due to the consistent de-
velopment of biography; in part, it may be traced
to the realistic and individualistic tendencies of the
age. In a true sense all literature is biography
the presentation of life. From the earlier to the
.
later times, humanity has been divided into two
classes with unequal ratio: the smaller division -
in Aristotle's phrase "the contemplative" - have
.
-
RECENT FICTION. William Morton Payne
135
Stevenson's A Soldier of Virginia. – Altsheler's The
Wilderness Road. – Bacheller's D'ri and I. -Han-
cock's Henry Bourland. - Norris's The Octopus. —
Lush's The Autocrats. - MacGrath's The Puppet
Crown. — MoCutcheon's Graustark. — Adams's The
Kidnapped Millionaires. – Ropes's On Peter's Island.
- Payne's The Story of Eva. — Pemberton's Pro
Patria. - Benson's The Luck of the Vails. – Hag-
gard's Lysbeth. - Allen's Linnet. – Mrs. Voynich's
Jack Raymond. - Jokai's The Day of Wrath.
Jokai's Manasseh. – Jokai's Dr. Dumany's Wife. —
Mikszath's St. Peter's Umbrella. Rodziewicz's
Anima Vilis. - Voss's Richard Eckdal's Bride.-
Serao's The Land of Cockayne. — Zola's Labor.
-
-
.
-
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
140
Madame Marchesi and her art. - Short popular biog-
raphy of Walter Scott. — Eloquent bits of wayside
gospel. – Vital discussions of musical themes. - A
search for the law of human development. — A pre-
cious book of Aphorisms and Reflections. -Sanborn's
life of Emerson, — The tales of three French Em-
presses.
BRIEFER MENTION.
142
.
.
.
.
NOTES
142
.
.
.
.
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS
143
.
.
.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS .
144
.


126
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
66
"
2
been students of the generic problems of life, phil- The third class of biographers include all those
osophy in its accepted meaning ; the larger circle, influenced by pure elegiac truth. Their biographies
or “the practical," synthesize universal life through are epics and elegies as truly as “The Odyssey,"
the individual, and the prevailing note of current “ Moschus,” or “In Memoriam.” From historical
civilization is individualism. The greater works of interest or personal friendship their memories are
early biographical literature were collective. Cæsars, filled with incident and inspiration which they
Saints, Church Fathers, Martyrs, were portrayed in would combine into a memorial. Reverent love is
group pictures, designed to show their kingly eccle- the key-note of such biographies, and truth and
siastic or pietistic traits. Individualism and truth justice are the major strains. Among memoirs
often suffered under such mode; qualities were of this type, four volumes of the past possess per-
strained to make them eligible for inclusion. Cur- ennial charm, Boswell's Johnson, Lockhart's
rent biography, as a rule, is distinctive rather than Scott, Stanley's Arnold, and Mrs. Gaskell's Char-
collective; the tendency of the day is to aggregate, lotte Brontë. They are both models and silent
not to minimize, volumes. Occasionally a uniform censors of current biography. Undoubtedly, a part
series of current biography is so elongated that the of the fame of Boswell's work was due to its ap-
biographer's imagination and apotheosis alone pearance after a season of dry, pedantic biography.
award his subject entrance into the arena of state- It heralded a new portrayal of man's life in its
craft and letters.
entirety, interpreted by loving insight; the vain,
Among collective biographies, two at least have loquacious fop became exalted into the prince of
become classics : the immortal “Lives" by Plu- biographers.” His source of incidents was largely
tarch, well defined as “the pasturage of noble conversation; from this variety of oral revelations
minds,” and “ The Worthies of England,” so faith-he constructed a volume as unique in its origin
fully “endeavoured” by Thomas Fuller and pub- as it was vital in its potency. Lockhart made
lished posthumously in 1662. This monumental liberal use of letters and journals; Mrs. Gaskell
work marked an advance in both method and pop- and Dean Stanley formed mosaics of memorials
ularity; the latter resulted from the former. The and letters, and this method became the favorite
plan was broad, even democratic, while the style with modern biographers. A list of recent works
had the vitality of the present rather than that of testifies to the use of this material in title and sub-
the stately encomiums of the past. The great stance : “ Life and Letters," “ Letters and Me-
philosophic movement of the eighteenth century moirs," such are the interwoven phrases. The
produced, as one exponent, the Biographical Dic- outburst of criticism which served, as is often the
tionary of England and the Biographie Universelle case, to popularize the work of Mrs. Gaskell and
of France. Combining the critical and romantic, the subsequent volumes of Froude's Carlyle and
they popularized biography and gave it two quali- | Cross's George Eliot, aroused a discussion, not yet
ties of modern forms — realism and vivacity. silenced, regarding the use of epistolary matter.
There are three classes of biographers to-day, and The recent publication of the Browning, Stevenson,
their distinctive qualities may be traced to both Bismarck, and Victor Hugo Letters has still further
evolution and environment. One class are urged by agitated the critic's mind. There are misanthropes
ambitious, too often mercenary, motives; and they who deride everything that wins popular favor. As
may treat subjects wholly alien to their tastes biography has become vital and thrilling through
and powers. They “read up” for their tasks, the media of letters and personal reminiscences,
sometimes exhaustively, more often superficially. such critics aver its deterioration, and refer its
Lacking any sympathetic interest, they assume a popularity to "that appetite for slander which is
pert, critical tone, and often desecrate facts and the common to all the sons of Adam, though kept down,
memory of the dead. The second class, more com- like other vulgar appetites, by the influence of edu-
mon in the past than in the present, are incited by cation and manners."
.” The earlier writers used let-
didactic and ethical motive. Occasionally, among ters in the few instances where they existed, but
current volumes, is such an aim discerned, openly their quantity was so scanty that the narratives be-
or covertly urging imitation, not seeking illumin. came documentary and inferential in tone. When
ation. The tendency now is to submerge the eth- Carlyle published the Letters and Speeches of Crom-
ical beneath the pictorial, to enable the reader to well, in 1845, he placed new value upon such ma-
gain the lesson intuitively, not emphatically. The terial, and by personal photograph revealed the
recent life-records of Kingsley, Drummond, Steven- man, who could no longer be veiled as soldier, dic-
son, and Parkman, are masterly sermons on cour. tator, or regicide. Current biographies are still
age and aspiration. The recital of the histories of documentary, but they are photographic rather than
Mirabeau or Byron, without a single commentary, conjectural.
afford ethical warnings as strong as the intellectual If one questions the legality of use of letters and
stimulus. Mr. John Morley happily mingles the journals, one must inquire the primal purpose of a
pictorial with the confessedly didactic, in both his- biography. It is not to eulogize, not to moralize,
tory and biography, as his lives of the French not to satirize, but to portray the true character in
Revolutionists and the recent study of Cromwell its entirety, to show the many-sided humanity in
attest.
private no less than public life. Such biography
>


1901.]
127
THE DIAL
meets two distinct social characteristics of the pres- however, that the larger proportion of letters and
ent: individualism and altruism. The man in his journals, when published, violate privacy and de-
inner aspirations, faults, and hidden virtues, is por- grade the reader, is an extreme and false conclu-
trayed, no less than man as part of the great social sion. The readers of Froude's Carlyle, Kingsley's
organism; we seek to find the animating and com- Memoirs, or the Love Letters of the Brownings or
pulsive forces behind the public work. If, then, the Victor Hugo, do not rank among the sensation.
parpose is to show the truth, without smirch of loving public that scans the personal gossip of the
burlesque or veneer of eulogy, of a surety letters yellow journals or gloats over the last erotic novel.
form the authentic material. With the journal, they The readers of biography, as a rule, bring a rever-
represent a confessional of aims, moods, affections, ential spirit; the personality of the subject becomes
faults. Cardinal Newman wrote to his sister : vital to them, and a sense of friendly relation ensues.
“ It has been a hobby of mine, though perhaps it This question of propriety must be submitted to the
is a truism and not a hobby, that the true life of a tact and good taste of the editor. In spite of the
man is in his letters. . . . Not only for the interests world's great elegies, there will always linger in
of the biography, but for arriving at the inside of some sensitive minds a doubt whether it is not an
things, the publication of letters is the true method." artificial form, wherein the poet
Against this popular form of epistolary biography
“Loves to make parade of pain,
three arguments have been deduced. First, mal-
That with his piping he may gain
contents affirm that the public has really no interest
The praise that comes to constancy."
in the inner life of a celebrity, and that such demand “ Margaret Ogilvy” is a tender, exquisite memorial
for information has been created by mercenary, to motherhood, yet many questioned before they
sensation-loving biographers. While supply may read it never afterwards - if its publication did
occasionally create a fleeting demand, such reversion not suggest a slight irreverence toward the most
of law seldom sustains a long life. Undoubtedly sacred of human bonds. It is true that Browning
the publication of the letters of Chesterfield and wrote,
Cromwell and Walpole created an interest in such “God be thanked, the meanest of his creatures
material; but if such letters had not stimulated the
Boasts two soul-sides, one to face the world with,
readers, the demand would not have become the
One to show a woman when he loves her,".
present-day clamor. Second, it is claimed that, but he did not affirm that the latter phase should
even if such material does please the public, the be hidden from those who sought with loyal sin.
substance is mere purility, and does not ensure a cerity to know the entire man. To publish such
judicial knowledge of the character; in fact, that letters during the life-time of their authors would
the reader's pruriency may be pampered, but his violate dignity and personal reserve. Death hal-
mental and spiritual nature receives no betterment. lows such memorials, and bestows upon them an
The answer to such censure lies in the corrective illuminating vitality at once universal yet reveren-
force of many current biographies, compiled from tial. Severe is the task allotted the modern biog-
private epistolary sources, often published with re- rapher who utilizes internal material. A truthful
luctance as defense against calamny. Such has portrait does not consist of a series of instantaneous
been the reverent mission of Mrs. Ritchie’s “Mem- photographs. Many trivial incidents are not rep-
ories.” The publication of Thoreau's “ Familiar resentative of the true rounded character. Mr.
Letters” revealed the hidden heart of of the poet- Birrell
says,
with force: “ An editor is not a sweep,
naturalist, and annihilated forever the charge of and, by the love he bears the author whose fame
cold, hermit-like character. The tragic anxieties he seeks to spread abroad, it is his duty to exclude
of Lanier, and his mystic, unwritten songs, that what he believes does not bear the due impress of
moan for utterance through his letters, tell the story the author's mind.”
of his life as no biographer could do.
Biographies of the fervid eulogistic type are still
The third objection to the use of letters demands occasionally found among current volumes, showing
more consideration, " the breach of social pri- that their inoculation has not caused entire preven-
vacy.” This phrase suggests one great stigma upon tion. Such volumes in the past have called forth
the present age. Independence is still each indi- answering depreciations, and the pendulum bas
vidual's possession; privacy seems fast becoming been long in finding balance. Volumes of argu-
obsolete. Four decades ago Dickens suffered, as ment and decades of transforming judgment have
nearly all celebrated visitors have suffered since, been required to recover from the severe and reac-
from America's disregard of private rights and tionary estimates of Poe and Southey. A peculiar
seclusion. It seems one of the results of extreme temptation assails the family or intimate friends to
democracy that equality and fraternity exclude exclude significant defects. A taint of inadequacy
secrecy. This defiance to all decent reserve, this must cling to a volume of current biography with
prurient curiosity regarding individual tastes in all this confession in the preface : “ The writer of this
commodities from books to cheese, has encouraged memorial has not thought it necessary to call at-
the publication of some private letters wherein tention to defects in the character she has sought
sacred delicacy has been violated with no return to portray."
other than scandal and degradation. To assume, Modern biographical subjects have greatly ex-


128
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
ceeded the limits of the past. The subjects of earlier marginal readings, and a wise biographer has alte-
portrayal were men or women of some special era, rior aim beyond a collection of after-dinner stories.
leaders of some political or religious movement, In all subjective biographic forms,letters, journals,
St. Augustine, Mahomet, Turgot, Napoleon, Wash- personal memoirs, the subject is his own photogra-
ington. The spread of social democracy gave new pher, yet the editor must carefully adjust the focus
interest to wider types of humanity, and the age and plates that the man may be revealed in his true
of industrialism has further expanded its confines. entirety. Phillips Brooks well emphasized the triple
Carlyle wrote, in his Life of Sterling: “I have relationship in all biography, — the conferees being
,
remarked that a true delineation of the smallest the subject, the author, and the reader. In the best
man, and his pilgrimage through life, is capable of works of past and current times, the subject has the
interesting the greatest man. Some of the most vital and undisputed right of way. While the editor
charming biographies of recent times have made or narrator should be in the background, and the
alive some humble, uneventful life, with latent ele- personal element should be eliminated as far as pos-
ments of nobility and genius. Beside the volumes sible, yet the presence of a loyal, gifted compiler
of letters of Washington and Wellington recently will be subtly felt upon every page. The tendency
published, are large volumes devoted to the lives of current biography is to include rather than ex-
and letters of the Earl of Selborne, George Borrow, clude the medium of narration, with a distinct loss
and John Donne. The average reader who vaguely of dignity and perspective. In no other branch of
recalled the last writer as a satirist and poet, quoted literature is greater responsibility thrown upon the
often by Lowell and Thoreau, could scarcely pre- reader. His part is to become accordant at once,
dict such a charming and ennobling life-record as to “enter the heart and mind” of both subject and
that written by Mr. Gosse. One of the most un- guide. A reader's mental and moral calibre are
selfish of lives was that of Dorothy Wordsworth, easily recognizable in the lasting impression from
and her inspiration and self-effacement have brought some carefully-edited biography which portrays all
to her a merited and tardy fame at the hands of phases of its subject. The reader whose memory
biographers and editore. Mr. Pater delighted to retains most vividly the picture of Cromwell's warts
vivify recondite characters from past bistory and and Carlyle's dyspepsia, who has classified Cole-
art, and “Marius the Epicurean ” is a monument ridge and DeQuincey and Rossetti as opium-eaters
to his vivid analysis and matchless style. When first and authors second, who recalls only the awk-
Mrs. Ward translated the “ Journal Intime” of ward brusquerie of Lincoln and Grant, whose only
Frederic Amiel, she gave English readers a wide interest in Landor was aroused by the apocryphal
acquaintance with a life singularly unknown yet re- story that in a passion he threw his cook out of the
plete with grandeur and poetry.
window,- such a reader has written his, or more
Current biography is sufficiently varied to satisfy often her, own character-analysis. Biography is
the demands of this complex age of realism, science, too sacred and dignified a literary form to meet the
and romance. As the subjects are extended in num- vapid tastes of this class of readers; it demands
ber, and the incidents are expanded to include broad and sympathetic intellection.
"the round of littles
In spite of the increased scope and forms of
That large life compound,"
biography, some historic and literary characters
80 the forms of modern biography are most diverse. defy any dramatic or vivid presentation ; toward
The reminiscent and anecdotal type, largely ob- others, the readers of all decades assume a hostile
jective, dating back to Tacitus and Pliny, is yet tone or an unconscious prejudice. Shakespeare the
among the modes of to-day, but it has been ex- man is still unknown, for he has left few “human
panded to give psychologic emphasis to the periods documents” for reproduction beyond his general
of adolescence and early manhood, which in the portrayal through his works, where it is still impos-
past received scanty notice, in the zeal to recount sible to distinguish the subjective touches from the
mature deeds. A few critics scoff at such “puerili- objective mastery of mankind. Readers will never
ties,” but this is an age of child-study and the public feel sympathetic admiration for Smollett, Godwin,
greet such anecdotal morsels with avidity. They or Southey ; while Shelley and Burns and Irving
supply the fiction element, and at the same time gain warm friends in each generation. Recognizing
proclaim the scientific perspective. The memory the superior artist in Mendelssohn, the interest
of Goethe's mother and her “serial stories” is of in his life pales before the casual narrative of
vital import in tracing the novelist's impulse. The Beethoven,
little Jane Welsh, at nine years of age, making a
"O Psalmist of the weak, the strong,
funeral-pyre of lead-pencils and cinnamon-sticks,
O Troubadour of Love and Strife."
reciting the speech of Dido, and offering upon the The humanity of a subject, rather than his intellect
altar of childhood her pet doll, is a significant pro- or his genius, assures his strongest popularity.
phecy of the imaginative, brilliant, neurotic woman. Many lives that do not readily yield to extended
In some few recent biographies there is a tendency biography are admirably adapted to brief critique
to submerge the serious life-purpose beneath excess or miniature sketch. Current literature abounds
of episodal trifles ; anecdote and witticism are only in such volumes, a distinct form of later biography.
9
1
66
11
1
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1
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1901.]
129
THE DIAL
The studies of Mr. Leslie Stephen, Mr. Hutton,
and Mr. Gosse belong to the realm of criticism
The New Books.
more than of biography, if one is to retain the land-
marks of the past. The biographic, in condensed
THE SELBORNE NATURALIST.*
studies, has its model in “Yesterdays with Authors."
The pithy, sentient essays of Lowell, Saintsbury,
What is the secret of the popularity of “The
Lang, and Birrell, and the later political interpre- Natural History of Selborne,” that it should
tations by McCarthy, Lodge, and Higginson, com- have passed through more than eighty editions
mingle the narrative and critical elements. The in little over a century, and still remain the
popularity of such volumes attests their adaptation great classic in its kind ? It appeals not merely
to the crowded days of the present, with the de- to English readers, whom we may suppose to
mand for the essence and the kernel which the
be generally familiar with the plants and ani-
scholar shall extract for the public.' Charming as
are such succinct essays,
mals it discusses, but almost equally to Ameri-
and they have that
cans, who are to some extent without this
double charm of the evanescent which Poe empha-
sized, — they should serve their full purpose as
advantage. The explanation lies probably in
suggestion and temporary enjoyment, or as source
the fact that the author was a prince among
of those clever anecdotes and bon-mots which add observers, and that he set down simply and
zest to criticism in general conversation. There is
without self-consciousness the results of his
meagre danger that they will usurp the place or observations. That he was a poet, too, as well
time devoted to careful life-studies; they are tooth- as a naturalist, helps to explain the charm of
some entrees, well suited to the clever, rushing age his book, unless indeed it be true that no ar-
that has produced them. Nearly all of the most
dent lover of nature can fail to be also a poet.
popular biographies of the last few years have con-
A certain stiffness of style characteristic of
sisted of at least two large volumes; the “Life and
Letters of Spurgeon,” which won enthusiastic read-
the period is, we must admit, manifest in his
ing and ready sale, aggregated over two thousand pages; but still they hold the attention. Those
pages in four bulky volumes. Perhaps this is who have the best things to tell us seem to have
merely a device of the publishers in this mercantile as well the best way of telling them.
age which guages a book's success by aggregations Like many another masterpiece of litera-
in pages and copies sold, which too often confuses ture, " The Natural History of Selborne” was
the "big" with the great; yet there seems also a begun more to amuse its author than with any
healthful sign in the earnest and responsive reading thought of publication. Gilbert White's turn
of voluminous editions of the more serious and in-
for metrical composition early inspired some
structive literature.
of his friends with high hopes for him as a
Biography is the true link between the past and
the present, and its universal favor is assured.
poet; but he disappointed them, and devoted
Current issues from the press deal with characters
himself to studies which, in the end, won him
of all ages. New lives of Robespierre and Danton,
a far more enduring fame than any they could
Jeanne D'Arc and Cromwell, Milton and Shake-
have predicted for him. His uneventful life
speare, " The True George Washington " and " The was passed almost wholly at “ The Wakes,” his
Many-Sided Franklin,” studies of Da Vinci, Ru- modest place at Selborne. Except for the
bens, and Turner, - one might recount scores of year (1752–3) of his proctorship at Oxford,
volumes, yearly reclothing past scenes and charac- he seems to have stirred but little abroad after
ters to suit the tastes of this composite age which taking his degree. He was a victim of coach-
exacts vitality, accuracy, and literary judgment. sickness, so that his quiet seclusion was partly
With reverent skill and scholarship, writers of
forced upon him. He held an Oriel fellow-
diverse creeds are awakening a world-interest in
the greatest narrative of all time, the life of Jesus.
ship for fifty years, relinquishing it only at
Current biography is an antidote to the enervating
his death in 1793. His admirers must regret
tendencies of much current fiction and drama; it that he incurred the odium of being a sinecure
is one of the safeguards against neurotic, thought- non-resident and pluralist. Nor does his pious
less reading; it is recreative, but it is also stimu- descendant and biographer succeed in clearing
lative; to form a taste for biography should be one him. He rather befogs the whole matter.
of the primal aims of parent and teacher. Through. Though he assures us repeatedy that his great-
.
out life it ministers to the higher emotional and
grand-uncle was blameless, and that he never
mental natures ; on its pages we read the vital
lessons of humanity, « There is no life of a man,
accepted any of the college livings offered him,
* THE LIFE AND LETTERS OF GILBERT WHITE OF SEL-
faithfully recorded, but it is a heroic poem of its
Written and edited by his great-grand-nephew,
sort, rhymed or unrhymed."
Rashleigh Holt-White. With pedigree, portraits, and illus-
ANNIE RUSSELL MARBLE. trations. In two volumes. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co.
BORNE,
:


130
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
a
>
yet he distinctly tells us that Gilbert White Mulso's letters to White are good reading.
did accept the small living of Moreton Pinkney, It is a pity that White's to Mulso are lost. A
tendered him by Oriel College, and that he little touch of character is betrayed by the
hired a curate to discharge its duties. For fact that while Mulso always addressed his
twenty-five years, too, he himself was curate friend as “my dear Gil,” the latter would
of Faringdon, still residing at Selborne ; and never descend from his high stilts, but, as we
all the wbile he continued a fellow of Oriel, are told, invariably began his replies with “my
and a non-resident one at that. What in the dear Sir.” Even when writing to a nephew,
name of honesty does the author mean by as- he sometimes used this form. It is another
serting, in the footnote to page 100, Volume I., trait of his character that he would never sit
that his ancestor never accepted a college liv- for his portrait, having been to some extent
ing, and then, only three pages farther on, disfigured by the smallpox in his student days
calmly recording the fact of his “taking and at Oxford. Consequently the many good
holding with his Fellowship the small college illustrations contained in the Life include no
living of Moreton Pinkney”? The sum and likeness of Gilbert White himself.
substance of his labored apology seems to be Though partial deafness overtook the natu-
that Gilbert White did only what fellows be- ralist in 1774, and somewhat crippled him as
fore him had done, and that he suffered no an inquirer into nature's secrets, he pushed
qualms of conscience for it. His best friend, his work on to its final publication fifteen years
John Mulso, the holder of several sinecures in later. In January, 1788, he writes that he
the church, approved his conduct, and White has put his “last hand” to the book, but that
was content. He certainly was not a rich the index still remains to be prepared, — "an
man, as has been alleged; but we wish he had occupation full as entertaining as the darning
avoided even the appearance of evil.
of stockings.” Writing to the Rev. Ralph
The work before us is made up largely of Churton, in August, he says of his book :
extracts from the naturalist's diaries, his letters,
“ The fate of my work is now determined ; and as
and his friends' letters to him. Thus it serves the tree is fallen, it must lie. My brother and nephew
as an admirable supplement to the “ Natural have spared no expense about it, and particularly on
History," and helps us to know the man him-
the engravings, which have cost a considerable sum.
self. In his Kalendar, under date of August autumn, when the town begins to fill. "In the interim
This book will as you suppose not be published until
20, 1765, we have him as a keen-eyed observer the author will be in no small a squeeze ; and will feel
of all that met his notice.
6. The water wag-
like a school boy who has done some mischief, and
tail,” he says,
“ seems to be the smallest En- does not know whether he is to be flogged for it or
glish bird that walks with one leg at a time:
the rest of that size and under all hop two
The work was well received from the first. Dr.
legs together.” Again, dipping at random into Scrope Beardmore, Warden of Merton Col.
the letters, we find the poet. The following, lege, Oxford, in speaking to a nephew of the
from a letter to a nephew, has a savor of its
author, made the following prediction : “Your
uncle has sent into the world a publication
“Blank verse is, no doubt, when well conducted, full
with nothing to call attention to it but an ad-
of dignity; but then perfection in that way is so rare,
vertisement or two in the newspapers ; but,
that we never had but two or three poems that were depend upon it, the time will come when very
worth reading. A desire of raising the diction above
few who buy books will be without it.”
prose pushes men into fustian and bombast. Even the
great Milton, the father of blank verse, is not always
In seeking to account for the remarkable
free from this vice; but ransacks the whole circle of success of the “Natural History,” Mr. Holt-
sciences for a set of hard words and rumbling terms White says, among other things :
that make his readers stare."
" Its author did not, as a boy and young man, enjoy
Another letter, dated July 1, 1776, contains
the benefit of any instruction in the facts of science;
this item of historic interest:
instruction which would in our time be dignified with
the name of a scientific education; but his reasoning
“As I was visiting last Tuesday at Bramshot I saw faculties were strengthened and improved by the study
on the Portsmouth road Burgoyne's light horse march- of the classical languages, which not only introduced
ing down to embark for N. America: the horses were him to the noblest literature, but also taught him to be
fine, and the men fine young fellows; but they all logical and careful in thought, and accurate in state-
looked very grave, and did not seem much to admire
ment."
their destination. The Atlantic is no small frith for
cavalry to be transported over. The expense will be
This biography of the Selborne naturalist
enormous !”
will prove rather heavy reading to those not
not."
OWN:
9


1901.]
131
THE DIAL
already interested in Gilbert White and his ress, and can be recommended as most genuine
writings. The author's zeal and industry in instruments of culture to those who will read
tracing family history and pedigree will be them with care. It is one of the most serious
admired and appreciated by all descendants of drawbacks of our specializing age that each
the Jutæ or Viti of Jutland, but may not be tenth of mankind is as a rule too ignorant of
so warmly applauded by less favored mortals. what the other nine-tenths are doing and think-
However, it was high time somebody wrote a ing about. While this knowledge can indeed
life of Gilbert White, and probably no one be obtained by a wide and constant reading of
was better equipped for the task than the pres- periodical literature, it is just this reading for
ent head of the family.
which the busy man lacks time. And, besides,
PERCY FAVOR BICKNELL. one year brings announcements of achieve-
ments and discoveries which the next year re-
verses and ridicules. Only the specialist is
THE INVENTORY OF A CENTURY.*
competent to sift year by year the solid and
permanent from the transient chaff. In these
It is certainly not extraordinary for beings of volumes, and so far as they cover the field of
large discourse to look after as well as before, human interests, we have this work done for us
but there is something mildly amusing in the by competent judges, and in terms intelligible
disposition to make progress move by centu-
to all.
It is the ambition of the man of cul.
ries, and especially the centuries that end in
ture to be reasonably well-informed on all im-
cyphers. So long as the creation stood unag-
portant fields outside his special profession or
sailed at the year four thousand and four B.C.,
interests. These volumes afford him an oppor-
the Teutonic tendency to pursue the history of tunity to obtain this information under intel-
even the newest thing out back to chaos could ligent guidance and within practicable propor-
be tolerated if not always cultivated. But now tions.
that the beginning of things has had such ter- And not only will the reading furnish the
rific set-backs that a thousand years are but as desired information, but the comparison and
yesterday, we must draw the line somewhere
the differing methods of the two volumes will
when we attempt to take stock. And after all, afford ground for many interesting observa-
however it may seem that we discover breath-
tions regarding the scope of human interests
ing-places and post-stations in the development and the differing emphasis placed upon them
of nature and society, every seeming beginning by different men. For instance, the first of our
is but the climax and close of some other move- two volumes contains articles on the following
ment, and one method of parceling out time subjects : Evolution, Chemistry, Archæology,
and progress is at bottom quite as arbitrary as
Astronomy, Philosophy, Medicine, Surgery,
any other.
Electricity, Physics, War, Naval Ships, Liter-
The writers of the articles in the books be-
ature, Engineering, and Religion. While there
fore us plainly feel the awkwardness of start-
is no subject here on which the citizen of the
ing from the line. Most of them reach back world will not wish to be informed, no one can
for a flying start at least to the last quarter- help wondering at the curious order of the
pole of the eighteenth century, and one or two topics and at the many staring gaps in the
even return to the dewy dawn of memory. As- list. Electricity receives a chapter in addition
tronomy alone, and very properly too, seems
to physics, and surgery in addition to medi.
to have had any regard for dates, Piazzi hav-
cine; while commerce, sociology, history, gov-
ing inaugurated the century by discovering ernment, and the arts, aside from literature,
the planetoid Ceres on the evening of Janu-
are ignored. Each of the topics named is
ary 1, 1801. Quite as naturally, few of the treated by a single eminent writer, including
competitors are able to stop under the pole of such names as Wallace, Mahan, and Lang, ex-
the year 1900, but trail off shorter or longer cepting religion, which confesses its peculiar
reaches into the alluring future.
standing in the world by requiring consider-
But on the whole the present volumes consti-
ation from four different points of view, and a
tute valuable retrospects of the world's prog- space of 127 pages as compared with 40 for
*THE PROGRESS OF THE CENTURY. By Eminent Spe-
cialists. New York: Harper & Brothers.
The method of the second volume differs
THE NINETEENTH CENTURY: A Review of Progress dur-
ing the past One Hundred Years, in the Chief Departments of
at the very beginning, in attacking the task in
Humanity. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
eight larger groups of subjects: Law and Gov-
the average.


132
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
>
-
ernment, History, Sociology, Literature and the
THE PASTON LETTERS.*
Fine Arts, Education and Science, Applied
Science, Transportation, and The Science of
The Paston Letters are far from being the
War. As will be seen, this plan includes
annals of a quiet neighborhood, although the
the topics omitted from the plan of the other
familiar correspondence of an English family
volume, but in its turn it ignores philosophy, whose position was originally that of small
archæology, and religion, save for a single gentry. For their time is those eventful years
.
article on Evolution and Religious Concep-
in English history when the white rose of York
tions, although these topics might have found
and the red rose of Lancaster were dyed a
room under one or another of the larger heads.
common color on Wakefield Heath and Bos-
Neither volume touches the sciences of phil-
worth Field.
The intense human interest of these famous
ology and psychology, in both of which the
nineteenth century made marvelous achieve-
letters has commanded the admiration of read.
ments ; nor charities, nor penology, nor social-
ers ever since John Fenn edited them,
- or,
ism, all of which have been paramount inter-
rather, those then known, — in 1787. It re-
ests with the foremost rank of mankind during
mained for Mr. Gairdner, in 1872–5 to give
the past hundred years.
them to the world in what then seemed as
.
Our second volume has no less noble a list complete form as could be hoped for, since
of contributors to display than the first, among
some of them were supposed to be irretriev-
them Leslie Stephen, Andrew Lang, Simon
ably lost. At first sight, the present set of
Newcomb, Edmund Gosse, Horace White, and
volumes would seem to be a reprint of that
Kenyon Cox. But it has, on the whole, a
edition; but a more careful examination dis-
closes that this is not the case. An entirely
more local, a narrower, point of view than the
first volume. With all the neglect of great
revised preface and introduction have been pre-
and absorbing subjects, it yet has the heart to
pared, and the welcome information is given
furnish articles on The Gold Standard and
that above a hundred newly-discovered letters
have been added. The story of the errant ways
Gold Production, The Development of Steel
Manufacture, American Life Assurance, “ Psy-
of the leaves of this famous correspondence is
chical Research,” Printing and Railroad Econ- told by the editor in the preface. Between this
omy. A notable peculiarity of the general plan
and the supplement of letters hitherto unedited
of the second volume, which should almost re-
is the admirable historical introduction.
ceive recognition in the title of the book, is
Our knowledge of the social life of the men
its distinctive Americanism. Eight or nine of
and women of the Middle Ages is not great ;
but so much is known that it is not for us to
the thirty-seven articles are expressly limited to
the American side of the subject, while many
cast imputation upon either our forefathers'
more are treated with more or less special ref.
knowledge or their culture or their attainments
erence to the American point of view. Thirty
in the fifteenth century. In an age of blood
of the thirty-seven writers are Americans.
and iron, like our own, they yet felt that the
There is perceptible, also, a little more of the
essence of civilization was not in material in-
tendency to glorify the century just past, to
vention or mere political achievement, but in
the discredit of earlier times.
the sway of principles of mind and heart. The
Among so many vastly interesting topics by
amount of education possessed by the common
such eminent authorities it would lead too far people of England in that day was not slight.
to attempt detailed comment. The reading of
Mr. Gairdner truly observes that
them ought to make a profound impression of
“ These letters show that during the century before the
Reformation the state of education was by no means so
gratitude and optimism, not one of mere infla-
low, and its advantages by no means so exceptionally
tion and conceit, at seeing “ Wie wir's dann distributed, as we might otherwise imagine. For it is
zuletzt so herrlich weit gebracht.” If some not merely that Judge Paston was a man of superior
chapters make this impression of gratitude
cultivation, and took care that his family should be
endowed with all those educational advantages that he
more than others, they are probably those on
bad possessed himself. This was no doubt the case.
medicine, surgery, and astronomy, in which But it must be remembered that the majority of these
both volumes have a somewhat similar story letters were not written by members of the Paston
to tell. Both are well printed and worthy of * The PastoN LETTERS (1422–1509). A reprint of the
preservation as well as careful reading.
edition of 1872–5; to which are now added other letters
in a supplement after the Introduction. Edited by James
W. H. CARRUTH. Gairdner. In four volumes. New York: The Macmillan Co.


1901.]
133
THE DIAL
family, but were only addressed to them ; and they father long held back with reference to the
show that friends, neighbors, lords, commoners, and match. Writing to the elder Paston, he says:
domestic servants possessed the art of writing, as well
as the Pastons themselves. No person of any rank or
“The cause of my wryting un to yow, at thys tyme
station in society above mere laboring men seem to
is, I fele wele ... that ye hafe undyrstondyng of a
have been wholly illiterate. All could write letters;
mater, whech is in commynicacyon tochyng a maryage,
most persons could express themselves in writing with
with Godds grace, to be concluded betwyx my saide
ease and fluency.”
cosyn yowr broder, and my doghter Margery, wheche
is far commonyd, and not yyt concluded, ner noght
In 1479, William Paston, a lad of nineteen, schall ner may be tyll I hafe answer from yowe.”
is at Eton "versifying” in Latin hexameters Margery was loyal to her father's wishes and
and sending his effusion to an elder brother
the custom of the country, but her woman's
for criticism, which implies a classical training heart was sad at times. “If that ye hade not
in the latter also. Sir John Paston's library halfe the lyvelode that ye hafe, for to do the
contained (and his letters show that he read
grettest labur that any woman on lyve myght,
them with pleasure) Chaucer's “ Troilus and
I wold not forsake yowe,” she writes on St.
Cressida,” · The Legend of Good Women,' Valentine's Day, to “My ryght welebeloved
“ The Parliament of Birds," " La Belle Dame Voluntyn.”
Sans Mercie,” and Lydgate's “ Temple of The quality of the sentiment of the fifteenth
Glass,” though the circumstance that one of century seems hard to us. We may admire
the landed possessions of the family, the manor more the simplicity and honesty of the people
of Gresham, had been purchased from the son as a whole. One John Gywne, a servant, finds
of the first laureate, may have increased Sir
a purse on the highway near Cambridge, and
Jobn's interest in that poet. The Shakespeare sends it to his master at Trinity College to
scholar will be even more interested in these know if any of his knowledge, or any other,
letters, for in their pages Sir John Falstaff have lost such a purse, and that the tokens
or Fastolf, as the name is properly spelled thereof being told he shall have it again. An
appears in veritable reality, not as a type of unknown man, evidently young, writes to his
the pseudo-chivalry of the fifteenth century. friend in Lincoln, who is of superior station,
.
Judge Paston was executor of Falstaff's will, in a letter of straightforward friendship and
and the latter left his fairest possession, Caister manly purpose: “A man shall never have love
Castle, to him, with the understanding that the of God, nor love nor dread of good men for
property be ultimately devoted to the founding miskeeping of much good as though it were
of a college wherein were to be maintained
his own; but where it is truly dealt with and
“seven priests and seven poor folk.”. The goodly disposed then followeth both great
spirit of the will was faithfully kept by his ex- merit and worship."
ecutor, who, finding it impracticable to found
Space fails to tell of the minute things of
an independent institution in Norfolk, devoted
interest in this correspondence. The student
Caister to the support of Magdalen College of economic and social history, the purely po-
If Shakespeare perverted Falstaff in order to
litical historian, the genealogist, and the an-
point the moral of decadent feudalism, yet in tiquarian will all find a mine of profitable
one particular he was not altogether unfaith- study in these pages, which so conclusively
ful to his character. Falstaff - yet Shallow
prove that bistory is not the study of dead
more so was fond of interlarding his con- peoples but the mirror of humanity.
versation with legal terms. His numerous let-
JAMES WESTFALL THOMPSON,
ters to Judge Paston regarding the execution
of his will attest his familiarity with the intri-
cacies of the law touching property.
ORATIONS AND ESSAYS OF A PUBLICIST.*
The claims of property are continually thrust
The recent death of Edward J. Phelps, ex-
upon the reader of these letters. Betrothal or
Minister to the Court of St. James, marked
marriage where the question of dowry was not
considered, even between those outside the
the close of a busy and eminent public career.
aristocracy, were deemed scandalous, and the Fortunately, however, his works live after him ;
finer sensibilities of both men and women were
and they have found a partial illustration in
singularly blunt. Yet they were not without
the collection of selected “Orations and Essays
sentiment. The love correspondence of John *ORATIONS AND ESSAYS OF EDWARD JOHN PHELPS,
LL.D., Diplomat and Statesman. Edited by J. G. McCul-
Paston and Margery Brews is a curious com-
lough ; with memoir by John W. Stewart. With photogravure
pound of sense and sentiment. The girl's portrait. New York: Harper & Brothers.
9
-


134
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
u
of Edward John Phelps, Diplomat and States- constitution law; he was not the expounder of it; he
man,” which is now before us.
was the author, the creator, of it. The future Hallam,
who shall sit down with patient study to trace and
Mr. Phelps was so prominent a public char-
elucidate the constitutional history of this country
acter up to the time of his demise, and his to follow it from its origin, through its experimental
views on burning questions of the hour were period and its growth to its perfection, to pursue it
so well known, that the thoughtful reader of
from its cradle, not I trust to its grave, but rather to
its immortality, will find it all, for its first half-
the present day will be glad to possess those
century, in those luminous judgments in which Mar-
views in a convenient and enduring form. But shall, with an unanswerable logic, and a pen of light,
the volume will serve another end. It will laid before the world the conclusions of his court. It
stamp the author and his opinions as worthy is all there, and there it will be studied by future gen-
erations. The life of Marshall was itself the constitu-
products of the best of which American insti-
tutions and American life is capable, and it
tional history of the country from 1801 to 1835."
will pass down to future generations the pa-
Mr. Phelps discusses the American Com-
triotism and scholarship of one of the first men
monwealth in a lengthy essay, taking as his
of our time.
text some views expressed by Mr. Bryce in his
book on that theme. There is much food for
In his address before the American Bar
Association, on Chief Justice Marshall and
thought and investigation in this paper. Mr.
the constitutional law of his time, Mr. Phelps Phelps is inclined to the opinion that many of
brought out what he conceived to be some of
the evils of representative government are the
the true elements of greatness in the great
"outcome of a vicious and altogether unneces-
jurist. These utterances were so original, so
sary enlargement of the electorate," and " are
comprehensive, and so eminently fair withal,
not the natural consequence of free institu-
that they won for the author the highest en-
tions. American politics have simply been de-
comiums from this very conservative body. of suffrage the class who are utterly unfit for
based and corrupted by admitting to the right
Here is an illustration :
it.” He argues that “if from every constitu-
“It is not, in my judgment, as a great judge merely,
or in comparison with other great judges, that Chief
ency there was eliminated every man who could
Justice Marshall will have his place in ultimate history. not prove, by his neighbors, that he had the
The test of historical greatness -- the sort of greatness reputation of a decent and respectable life and
tbat becomes important in future history — is not great character, public affairs would be improved
ability merely. It is great ability combined with great thereby. The demagogue would, of course, ob
opportunity, greatly employed. The question will be,
how much a man did to shape the course of human
ject to this. The material thus excluded from
affairs, or to mould the character of human thought. the electorate is his stock in trade. But his loss
Did be make history, or did he only accompany and would be the nation's gain. Representative
embellish it? Did he shape destiny, or was be carried
government would rise, as political handicraft
along by destiny? These are the inquiries that pos-
terity will address to every name that challenges per-
declined.”
manent admiration, or seeks a place in final history. This is not the place to discuss these views
Now, it is precisely in that point of view, as it appears at length. It is enough for our present purpose
to me, and I venture to present the suggestion, that to say that the history of municipal experiment
adequate justice has not yet been done to Chief Justice
Marsball. He has been estimated as the lawyer and
shows the necessity of some such radical change
the judge, without proper consideration of how much
as is here suggested. These utterances empha-
more he accomplished, and how much more is due him size the courage of Mr. Phelps, as well as the
from his country and the world, than can ever be due constructive quality of his mental fibre.
to the mere lawyer or judge. The assertion may per- The volume is replete with thoughts that
haps be regarded as a strong one, but I believe it will
bear the test of reflection, and certainly the test of
could well pass as maxims. We will quote only
reading in American history, that, practically speaking,
a few:
we are indebted to Chief Justice Marshall for the “The gift of prophecy is mercifully withheld from
American Constitution. I do not mean the authorship man. Hope, kindlier than prophecy, stands in the place
of it, or the adoption of it — although in that he had a of it,— the just and reasonable hope, instructed by what
considerable share,- but for that practical construction, has gone before.”
that wise and far-seeing administration, which raised it “ The man who makes no mistakes does not usually
from a doubtful experiment, adopted with great hesi- make anything."
tation, and likely to be readily abandoned if its practical “ There is no ultimate support for law but in na-
working had not been successful,— raised it, I say, from tional enthusiasm. It must appeal to the heart as well
a doubtful experiment to a barmonious, a permanent, as to the reason."
and a beneficent system of government, sustained by “ The test of all political theories, however erudite
the judgment and established in the affection of the and plausible, must be found in experience."
people. He was not the commentator upon American “No demagogue, no self-seeker, no man who fol-
>


1901.]
135
THE DIAL
but
a
upon
lows for a reward,' has ever struck an effectual blow for Joseph A. Altsheler, whose name always guarantees
liberty or has advanced the cause of human freedom a
a vigorous and manly tale, true to the essentials of
single step."
historical fact, and of sustained and exciting inter-
The book is prefaced with an appreciative This is a romance of the campaign against
memoir by the Hon. John W. Stewart, ex- the Indians at the close of the eighteenth century,
Governor of Vermont.
DUANE MOWRY.
the campaign which seemed to end in disaster with
the defeat of St. Clair's forces, but which achieved
a lasting success a few years later under the leader-
ship of Anthony Wayne. One of Mr. Altsheler's
RECENT FICTION.*
earlier heroes again occupies the foreground in this
The Indian seems to be coming back into Amer-
book tbe John Lee who suffered unmerited dis-
ican fiction. By this we mean, not the Indian of grace through the villainy of a relative, and who
to-day, as he is depicted for us by those writers of left the Continental army to seek his fortunes in
the younger school who have observed him at first the West. As the central figure in the present
hand in the Southwest, nor the Indian in his char- tale, he achieves distinction in border warfare, and
acter as a victim of corrupt politics, as he is pre-
the stigma is removed from his name through the
sented in the stirring pages of “Ramona,'
devoted efforts of the courageous woman whose
rather the Indian of the earlier time of which
love he has won. The scene of his restoration to
Cooper wrote, the Indian of romance proper and of rank and honor in Philadelphia, after his return
the heroic age of the American pioneer. Miss from the field of Wayne's victory, is highly thrill-
Mary Johnston brought back this type of Indian ing, and must be reckoned one of the author's most
for our sympathy and admiration in her vigorous successful efforts.
portrayal of life in colonial Virginia, and we have “D'ri and I” is a particularly obnoxious title
just now two historical romances, strikingly similar for a book, and creates an initial prejudice not easy
in theme, which serve to recall the youthful days to overcome. Since the story is written by Mr.
in which we read, with breathless attention, of the Irving Bacheller, and follows close
the success
last of the Mohicans, and the tragedy of the dark of “Eben Holden," it is assured of a numerous
and bloody ground. Mr. Burton Egbert Stevenson's clientèle of readers, and no title could interfere
“ A Soldier of Virginia " is not altogether an Indian greatly with its vogue. It begins like its predeces-
story, but its chief interest centres about Braddock's sor, with a man and a boy, working their pioneer
ill-fated expedition, and the savage strategy which way through the wilderness of northern New York.
struck with panic and disaster his unfortunate fol- It is needless to add that “ D'ri” is “ Eben" under
lowers. Colonel Washington figures pleasantly in a new name, but practicing the old rustic speech
this narrative, although the post of hero is reserved and the old homely philosophy. The time is early
for his imaginary friend Stewart, who takes an in the present century, and the chief incidents are
active part in the campaign, and at once wins mili- more or less directly connected with the War of
tary renown and the love of the charming heroine. 1812. The book is one of detached episodes rather
The second of these books is “ The Wilderness than a continuous narrative of organic plan, and
Road,” from the practiced and skilful hand of Mr. we must say that the episodes themselves, although
A SOLDIER OF VIRGINIA. By Burton Egbert Stevenson. LYSBETH. A Tale of the Dutch. By H. Rider Haggard.
Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
THE WILDERNESS Road. By Joseph A. Altsheler. New LINNET. A Romance. By Grant Allen, New York:
York: D. Appleton & Co.
New Amsterdam Book Co.
D'RI AND I. By Irving Bacheller. Boston: Lothrop Jack RAYMOND. By E. L. Voynich. Philadelphia: The
Publishing Co.
J. B. Lippincott Co.
HENRY BOURLAND. By Albert Elmer Hancock. New THE DAY OF WRATH. By Maurus Jokai. New York:
York: The Macmillan Co.
McClure, Phillips & Co.
TAE OCTOPUS. A Story of California. By Frank Norris. MANASSEH. A Romance of Transylvania. Retold from
New York: Doubleday, Page & Co.
the Hungarian of Dr. Maurus Jokai by Percy Favor Bicknell.
THE AUTOCRATS. By Charles K. Lush. New York : Boston: L. C. Page & Co.
Doubleday, Page & Co.
Dr. DUMANY'S WIFE. A Romance. By Maurus Jokai.
THE PUPPET CROWN. By Harold Macgrath. Indianap- Translated by F. Steinitz. New York: Doubleday & Mo-
olis: The Bowen-Merrill Co.
Clure Co.
GRAUSTARK. The Story of a Love behind a Throne. By ST. PETER's UMBRELLA. A Novel by Kalman Mikszath.
George Barr McCutcheon. Chicago: Herbert S. Stone & Co. Translated from the Hungarian by B. W. Worswick. New
THE KIDNAPPED MILLIONAIRES. By Frederick U. Adams. York: Harper & Brothers.
Boston : Lothrop Publishing Co.
ANIMA VILIS. A Tale of the Great Siberian Steppe. By
ON PETER'S ISLAND. By Arthur R. Ropes and Mary E. Marga Rodziewicz. Translated by S. C. de Soissons. New
Ropes. New York : Charles Scribner's Sons.
York: Dodd, Mead & Co.
THE STORY OF Eva. By Will Payne. Boston: Hough- SIGURD ECKDAL'S BRIDE. A Romance of the Far North.
ton, Mifflin & Co.
By Richard Voss. Translated by Mary J. Safford. Boston:
Pro PATRIA. By Max Pemberton. New York: Dodd, Little, Brown, & Co.
Mead & Co.
THE LAND OF COCKAYNE. By Matilde Serao. New
THE LUCK OF THE VAILs. By E. F. Benson. New York : York: Harper & Brothers.
D. Appleton & Co.
LABOR. By Emile Zola. New York: Harper & Brothers.
.
:


136
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
9)
a
1
1
>
strikingly unhackneyed, are far from being distinctly Wheat,” its collective title. Three books are
worked out. In fact, the story bears marks of planned, dealing respectively with the production,
undae haste in its preparation, and moves along the distribution, and the consumption of our chief
with little regard for either unity of design or finish agricultural product. The first book of the series,
of execution. The book has a noticeably pretty “ The Octopus,” is a story of the struggle between
cover, and shows otherwise marks of the good taste the wheat-growers of California and the railroad
that characterizes the recent work of its publishers. company upon which they are dependent for access
Mr. Hancock's novel, “ Henry Bourland,” de- to their market. “The Pit," taking us to Chicago,
serves to share the favor which the public has been will follow; and “ The Wolf,” shifting the scene to
bestowing on “ The Crisis.” It is a novel of almost Western Europe, will complete the trilogy. This
the same period, and almost as good.
There are
is a large conception, and Mr. Norris has dealt
certain tricks of craftmanship which Mr. Churchill with its first phase in a manner that cannot fail to
has learned to perform more successfully than Mr. win respect and even admiration, in spite of the
Hancock, but the two books are about equally defects of a method that is essentially inartistic.
matched in their consciousness of the deep gravity With him, as with M. Zola, realism means the
of the historical period with which they deal, and piling up of great masses of trivial fact, reporting
in their power to interpret the passion of the Civil in place of true characterization, and the enforce-
War to the generation that has grown up since the ment of his argument by the bludgeon rather than
days of Gettysburg and Appomattox. The differ-
The differ- | by the rapier. Allowing for all that may be urged
ence is that Mr. Hancock writes with Virginian against the methods of railway companies in gen-
sympathies, and the lost cause does not seem to him eral, and in particular against the methods of the
to have been a wholly unrighteous one. Another corporation that has held California within its con-
difference is that “Henry Bourland” is only fairly stricting tentacles, we think that Mr. Norris has
well started when the surrender of Lee's army is shown himself too evidently a partisan of the agri-
reached, for the novel is concerned less with the culturist, and has failed to deal impartially with the
war itself than with the period of reconstruction forces that contend for mastery in his pages. If
that followed. There are several indications in only he had given the devil his due, we might be
both serious and fictive recent literature that the willing to admit the diabolic character of the cor-
time has come for a true appraisal of the life of poration which he assails ; as it is, we are rather
that period in the South, of the acts and devices by inclined to sympathize with the octopus, which
means of which the white man regained his political stands, after all, for practices that come within the
ascendancy, and saved civilization from an intoler- form of law, whereas the practices of the wheat-
able menace if not from an irretrievable disaster. growers stand for the most part without the law,
The means were not those which honorable men and illustrate nearly every form of violence and
like to use, but when civilization itself seems to be anarchy. If the writer means to preach anything,
at stake, even honorable men will not reckon the it is that a certain degree of outrage justifies indi-
cost of saving it too closely. This novel stands viduals in taking the law into their own hands, and
with Mr. Page’s “ Red Rock” as a vivid picture of this is the most dangerous sophistry that now con-
the struggle against scalawags, negro politicians fronts our civilization. We have little doubt, for
and white carpet-baggers, and we do not believe example, that if Mr. Norris were writing of an
that either novelist has colored his canvas unfairly. earlier generation in California, he would be on the
But it remains true that we cannot touch pitch side of the Vigilance Committees rather than on
without defilement, and the most impressive moral the side of law and order. But his book is made
lesson of Virginia history is unfolded in the story an impressive one by virtue of its mere bulk and
of Mahone's conspiracy against the honor of the overwhelming particularity, as well as by certain
State. Readjustment the wise called it, but the dramatic episodes that are presented with remark-
world knows that it was repudiation. With this able vividness and intensity of feeling. And the
subject the latter chapters of Mr. Hancock's book vein of mysticism that crops out here and there is
are concerned, and we cannot help tracing its con- not only distinctly Zolaesque, but also provides a
nection with the episodes of illegal voting and welcome relief from the oppressive atmosphere of
intimidation of which we have been reading a little the narrative.
earlier.
A not dissimilar theme has been chosen by Mr.
Mr. Frank Norris has evidently determined to Charles K. Lush for his novel called “ The Auto-
become the American Zola. The brutal realism of crats.” In this book the allied forces of capital
his first books indicated a marked intention of fol. and corruption are shown at work under municipal
lowing in the footsteps of his French prototype, and conditions, and the struggle is between the people
all that was needed to make the parallel complete of a great Western city and the franchise-grabbers
was the invention of some large scheme of social who operate the system of local transportation.
portrayal which should link together a series of The methods employed by the traction companies
semi-independent novels. Such a scheme he has to enrich themselves by means of iniquitous legis-
now elaborated, and the general subject of the pro- lation are laid bare with merciless surgery, and
jected series is indicated by “The Epic of the those of us who live in cities know only too well
#


1901.)
137
THE DIAL
ner.
how truthful is the analysis. Mr. Lush brings to The book teems with actuality, and makes an in-
his task both knowledge and sincerity, and adds a teresting story, except for the chapters in which
fine element of indignation to his account of the the trusts are dealt with, and these may easily be
situation described. These are qualities that win skipped. The personalities concerned are so thinly
our respect, although we feel all the time that the disguised that no difficulty is offered in attaching
writer has little of the novelist's essential equip- to the figures their real names.
Such a cognomen
ment. His characters are abstractions, and his as Andrus Carmody speaks for itself, and we quickly
powers of invention are far from remarkable. If recognize Simon Pence when he tells us that he
the problem with which he is concerned were not stops his clock every night to save it from wearing
one of vital present interest to our civic life, he out too fast. The taste of this sort of exploitation
would have no close hold upon his readers as a of well-known characters is rather dubious, but Mr.
story-teller. We follow him with absorbing inter- Adams is so effective a narrator that much may
be
est, but it is the same kind of interest with which forgiven for the sake of his interesting inventions.
we should follow a history of Tammany Hall or of Without any pretence to the possession of literary
the operations of the late Jay Gould. It is not the art, “ The Kidnapped Millionaires" provides ex-
interest of art, but of politics or of sociology. cellent entertainment, and even food for serious
“ The Puppet Crown,” by Mr. Harold MacGrath, thought, in the case of the financial questions
of
brought under discussion.
model
of « The Prisoner of Zenda," and not greatly The book written by Mr. Arthur R. Ropes and
inferior to that entertaining production. The scene Miss Mary E. Ropes, entitled “On Peter's Island,”
is a small kingdom in Southeastern Europe, invented is a somewhat belated narrative of the Russian
for the occasion, ruled over by a weak monarch, revolutionary movement in the early eighties. In
and menaced by a neighboring state, to which, in fact the book was planned as long ago as that,
fact, it is mortgaged. There are two heroes and which accounts for its rather old-fashioned man-
two heroines. The former are an Englishman of These nihilistic plots and counterplots, with
fabulous wealth, intent upon saving the kingdom their natural outcome of criminal act and merciless
for its people, and a dashing young American dip- suppression, have lost most of their freshness for
lomate, who scents danger from afar, and always twentieth century readers, and it requires an effort
finds himself in the thick of it. The heroines are to think back to the period in which they were
the princess of the kingdom and the beautiful but essentially real. Much extraneous matter is here
unscrupulous duchess who sways the fortunes of the united with the nihilist framework of the story,
rival power. The story is extremely animated, and and there is very little organic connection between
presents a bewildering succession of intrigues, and its several parts. In a number of cases, our inter-
adventures, and hairbreadth escapes. It is envel- est gets well started in some particular direction,
oped in a semi-humorous atmosphere, but, on the when we find that we are pursuing a by-way of the
whole, takes itself seriously enough to appeal rather narrative, and our attention is sharply diverted.
deeply to the sympathies. It is one of the best of We cannot say much for the book as a whole; it
the class of romances to which it belongs, and we is too loose in construction and too rambling in
confidently recommend it for good summer reading. style to prove effective. Two or three fairly strik-
“Graustark," by Mr. George B. McCutcheon, is ing dramatic situations help the interest out, but
another romance of the same general type, only in they are not skilfully welded into the substance of
this case the writer bas thrown all considerations of the story.
verisimilitude to the winds, and indulged in the fan- A woman of country breeding and little educa-
tastic license of the newspaper reporter. It is one tion, but of finely-endowed character and marked
of the larkiest of tales, made racy by slangy speech physical charm, finding herself rather thoughtlessly
and bouffe invention. Curiously enough, this story, married to a man who turns out to be generally
like the one before mentioned, deals with the for- worthless, besides specifically unfaithful, she de-
tunes of a petty state in the same part of the world, termines to leave him, and seek to earn her own
mortgaged to an unfriendly neighbor, and rescued living. Coming to Chicago, she finds employment
from its difficulties by the daring of the young in a publishing-house and a long struggle with
American who becomes enamoured of its princess. erty begins. Presently, she finds herself drawn
"The Kidnapped Millionaires," by Mr. Fred- into the companionship of a young man who occu-
erick Upham Adams, is an audacious story of the pies a responsible position with her employers, and
capture of half a dozen of our wealthiest men, their love appears as the natural sequence of their re-
conveyance on a private yacht to an inaccessible lations. They decide to live together as man and
spot on the Mexican coast, their stay in this en- wife, and are successful in imposing upon society.
forced seclusion for some months, and their event- The man has refinement and generous impulses,
ual escape and safe return. Incidentally, the book but the weakness of his character is such that when
is a picture of the most lurid form of journalistic the worthless husband dies, the relation is not
enterprise, a graphic account of Wall Street in its immediately made legitimate. The realization of
most exciting phase, and a serious discussion of the this despicable trait in the man to whom she has
trust problem, together with its possible solution. given herself determines her upon a second separa-
a


138
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
>
a
tion, which is about to be accomplished, when the head, the villain invokes all three of these agencies,
man is aroused to a sense of his dastardly conduct one after another, and only a series of happy acci-
and makes what atonement is in his power. This dents prevents his fell purpose from being accom
is “ The Story of Eva,” told for us with much art plished. We must say that a hero who is so dense
and sensibility by Mr. Will Payne, who has made to the warning suggestions of his friends, and who
a clear advance upon his earlier work. It is all remains unsuspicious of the person who thus seeks
skating on thin ice, no doubt, but the situation is a his life, hardly deserves the luck which attends him
perfectly legitimate one for a novelist, and Mr. throughout the history, but since the story could
Payne has treated it with good taste, and with no not exist at all without this requirement, and since
touch of offensiveness. He has pathos at his com- it is a rather thrilling story to read, we must accept
mand, and the gift of vivid sympathy. His method this weak feature for the sake of the strong ones.
is one of minute realism, but we hasten to add that Mr. Rider Haggard's “ Lysbeth” must be de-
it is the realism of Mr. Howells, and not that of scribed as a pot-boiler. It has not even the imper-
M. Zola. Indeed, as much might be inferred from fect powers of imagination and characterization
what we have already said. The character of the that saved his earlier books from being mere rub-
heroine is presented with singular charm, and even bish, and of historical atmosphere there is hardly
the hero is made to seem deserving of a sort of a trace, although the scene is laid in one of the
qualified forgiveness before we take leave of him. most fascinating of historical periods. Briefly, it is
Mr. Max Pemberton always contrives to tell a a tale of the Spanish persecutions in the Nether-
good story, and to secure a certain artistic finish in lands, and has all the stock figures that we asso-
the minute details that is a constant source of sat- ciate with this hackneyed setting. Mr. Haggard
isfaction to the critical reader. In “ Pro Patria” has enough invention to keep the story going, and
he has told an even better story than is his wont, that is about all we can say in his favor.
having for his theme an attempt of the French gov- One of the most entertaining of the many novels
ernment to invade England by means of a secretly- written by the late Grant Allen will be found in
constructed tunnel beneath the English Channel. “ Linnet,” a romance of the Tyrol in particular,
How this attempt was discovered by an officer of and cosmopolitan Europe in general. It is the
the English army, and foiled by his persistent, and story of a Tyrolese girl who becomes a famous
for a time unthanked, vigilance, is the plot which singer, and of an English poet and composer who
we are invited to contemplate. The weak point of loves her in her primitive unsophisticated days, who
the story is that it requires us to believe that a work is separated from her by her marriage with her
of this gigantic description, involving the united mercenary manager, and who, when the husband
efforts of thousands of men, could be carried nearly is conveniently disposed of by the very useful vil-
to completion without the secret's leaking out. This lain, achieves the desire of his heart. Linnet is a
inevitable difficulty is fairly realized by the author, singularly charming person and she at once wins
who does his best to give an air of probability to her way to a place in our affections. A capitally
the situation, but it remains a nearly insuperable conceived secondary figure is that of the hero's
difficulty despite his best efforts. Another thing friend and companion, a critic whose glib speech
that strains credulity is the fact that the warning of and pretentious assumption of omniscience furnishes
the English officer is unheeded by the War Depart- entertainment at all times, and who turns out to be
ment; such carelessness would be simply impossible, a cad of the basest type. The neatness of Mr.
no matter how preposterous seeming the tale brought Allen's craftsmanship and the ingenuity of his in-
to the attention of the officials. But the story re- vention were never better displayed than in this
mains a good one, for all of this inherent flaw, and bright and animated story.
we have enjoyed it thoroughly.
A novel by the author of “The Gadfly” is sure
Mr. E. F. Benson once more gives evidence of to attract attention, and we opened Mrs. Voynich's
his remarkable versatility in “The Luck of the “Jack Raymond " with high anticipations of pleas-
Vails,” which is as different as can be from
They were not rewarded, for the book is
“ Dodo," on the one hand, and from his novels of about as unpleasant a performance as we have met
the Greek war of liberation, on the other. It turns with of recent years.
To
say
this is not to deny
out to be an essentially melodramatic novel of En- it the possession of much force and feeling; un-
glish life, involving the fortunes of a young noble- fortunately, these qualities are exbibited in connec-
man, whose life is menaced by the ingenious tion with a story that has little unity of design, and
machinations of the boary-headed scoundrel who, that is based in considerable part upon motives of
in the event of the hero's death, will succeed to the perverted sexuality. “ There are some vices whose
estate. Failing to thwart the proposed marriage of grotesqueness stirs us more deeply than downright
Lord Vail, this interesting and subtle contriver of atrocities," says Mr. Morley, writing of the “Con-
villainies seeks to do away with him in a surprising fessions” of Rousseau, and the text is suggested to
variety of fashions. An ancestral jewel has an us by more than one episode of the book before us.
inscription warning the possessor of danger from We do not wish to take a narrow view of any form
frost, fire, and rain. In seeking to ally himself of art, but if ever the rule of reticence demands
with the fate that hangs over the young man's obedience, it is in such matters as these. The value
G
"
ure.


1901.]
139
THE DIAL
success.
a
of " Jack Raymond ” consists almost wholly in its ability, and the cost is never counted when a bril-
sympathetic study of the temperament of the youth liant effect is to be reached.
liant effect is to be reached. His work is always
who is the principal figure.
more suggestive of the “Arabian Nights” than of
A number of translations, more than usually in- anything in modern fiction.
teresting, call for mention before the close of this In Hungary, we are told, the stories of Mr. Kal-
review. First of all, there are three books by the man Mikszath are almost as popular as those of
veteran Hungarian novelist, Dr. Maurus Jokai. the more widely famous writer we have just been
“The Day of Wrath” is a story written more than considering. Upon reading “St. Peter's Umbrella,”
half a century ago, when the pace of fiction was the book with which this writer is now introduced
still set by the fashion of German romanticism and to the English public, we can easily understand its
when the author, saddened by the failure of the
It is a quaint, whimsical narrative of life
Hangarian revolution of 1848, was disposed to take in a Slovak village, with much folk-lore and local
a gloomy view of life. It is essentially the story coloring, rich in a shrewd sort of philosophy, and
of a peasant aprising in rural Hungary, brought brightened by flashes of the most unexpected yet
about as the natural consequence of a pestilence, unmistakable humor. The story iteelf is of the
when unscrupulous agitators played upon the super- slightest, and there is little attempt at serious char-
stitions of a credulous folk. It is a lurid and ex- acterization, but upon the thread of his invention
travagant tale, abounding in horrors and heroisms, the author has strung such a succession of pretty
and like most of the author's books, racy of the pictures and witty remarks that the interest is not
soil upon which the scene is laid. The translation allowed to flag for a moment. We feel that a real
is slovenly to a degree beyond excuse.
treasure has been unearthed for us by the transla-
Dr. Jokai's "Manasseh” is a novel of somewhat tor of this delightful book.
later date, with a more cosmopolitan cast, although M. de Soissons, prefacing his translation of "An-
the most striking chapters take us to Transylva- ima Vilis” from the Polish of Miss Rodziewicz,
nia and among the “ Szeklers,” or frontiersmen, declares it to be his purpose to supply a corrective
who long resisted the Austrian domination. The for the false impressions of Siberia that many peo-
principal characters are Unitarians, which accounts ple get from melodramatic books about nihilists and
for the real title of the book, “ Egy az Isten,” mean- from “cannibalistic newspaper articles." Here is a
ing
“ One is the Lord.” It seems that there are story that has nothing to do with dungeons and con-
something like seventy thousand Unitarians in spirators, with the Third Section and administrative
Transylvania, the sect dating from a grant of re- exile. It is a story of the real Siberians, of their
ligious toleration in the sixteenth century. Histor- struggle for a livelihood under difficult conditions,
ically, the story takes us to the fifties, and the bat- of the monotony of their lives, and of the ordinary
tle of Solferino comes into one of the later chap- human and domestic relations. There are no verv
ters.
We regret to note that the translator has striking figures in the book, and the story, as such,
seen fit, or been constrained, to abridge the narra- is hardly worth considering. But truthfulness to
tive extensively, which we cannot believe is a justi- life and sincerity of purpose are apparent in its
fiable thing to do.
every line, and the writer is one well deserving the
The third of Dr. Jokai's novels before us is one acquaintance of the English-speaking public.
of his latest productions, having been translated In “Sigurd Eckdal's Bride,” the author, Herr
from the manuscript under the author's supervision. Richard Voss, has evidently been inspired by the
It is entitled “Dr. Dumany's Wife," and is of the ill-fated Andree expedition. Sigurd Eckdal, with
period culminating in the war between France and a single companion, starts to discover the North
Prussia. A publisher's note tells us that the author Pole in a balloon. The companion, who is the
was born in 1825, and is now sixty-six years of age rejected lover of Sigurd's betrothed bride, returns
- two statements difficult to reconcile. The first alone after a year or more,
and reports that Sigurd,
lines of the story itself tell of a traveller who took confronted by failure, has thrown himself from the
the St. Gothard road for Paris at a date preceding balloon. In fact, the companion has murdered
by several years the opening of that road for traf- him. After a while, he persuades the bereaved
fic. A little later in the book, when we are pre- “bride” to marry him, but his conscience allows
sumably in the sixties, we meet with amateur pho- him no rest. Oppressed by the burden of his aw-
tographers (long before dry plates were invented), ful secret, he makes a written confession of the
and come upon discussions of such things as the crime, without, however, intending that any one
simian descent of man and the insidious doings of shall read it. But death overtakes him unexpect-
microbes. The author has frequently displayed his edly, in a great fire at Throndhjem, while he is
magnificent disregard of historical facts, but his heroically engaged in saving lives. Thus doubly
anachronisms are not usually quite so evident as a national hero, his fame seems secure, but his
these. The story is essentially a modern one in widow, discovering the fatal confession, feels it her
both incident and feeling. It is picturesque, melo- duty to proclaim the truth to the world. The iron-
dramatic, and full of the national spirit of Hungary.ically tragic situation thus created is exceedingly
Like most of the author's works, its inventions are powerful, and the writer has a firm grasp of its psy-
quite antrammelled by any considerations of prob- lchological capabilities. Incidentally, the book por-


140
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
Madame Marchesi
and her art.
sons
a
means.
trays with much impressiveness the dreariness of life
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
in the north of Norway, and in this respect is strik-
ingly like the Siberian novel previously mentioned.
Madame Marchesi has the distinction of
Signora Serao's "The Land of Cockayne" is a
being the world's most famous teacher
story of Naples, and of the evil effects of the
of singing. Her “Ten Singing Les-
National Lottery upon the characters of a people
(Harper), though they necessarily take only the
without self-control. Her canvas is a crowded one
form of a few hints, tell something of the method that
has made her name famous. That a smooth and well-
and includes all the types of Neapolitan society,
trained voice has more elementary beauty and is capa-
from the humblest to the most aristocratic. The
ble of more intense and varied expression than any
realism of the story is of the sort that accumulates
instrument, we are all aware; but few of us realize the
all the minute details conceivable, and leaves the
natural attributes which proclaim the successful vocal-
reader to select for bimself those that are signifi- ist. The author names them totidem verbis : an attract-
cant. But there is no denying the power of this ive appearance, the gifts of the musician, quickness of
gifted writer or the faithfulness of her depiction of conception, and the power of representation, together
the life that she knows so well. In its character as with requisites of relatively minor importance — a good
a tract, or a crusade, the book deserves to rank with
ear, a sound and rich voice of extended compass, added
“Uncle Tom's Cabin.” It has the same faults of
to an ardent desire to become an artist,— such is the
vehemence and exaggeration, but it also stirs the
essential equipment of those that would travel the fair
if thorny road that stretches out before them. Madame
conscience in the same way. The lottery evil may
Marchesi, herself a pupil of the eminent master Manuel
be a far less serious menace to the social welfare of
Garcia (who is living at nearly ninety years of age, in
the nation then is here assumed, and yet deserve London), has been especially successful with exponents
the most energetic and impassioned measures for of the art of pure bel canto, the style of singing which
its suppression. Still, a book goes artistically wrong calls for the nicest adjustment and balance of the vocal
that shows us hundreds of people who make gam-
Her art is founded on truth and nature; as to
bling the principal object of their lives, yet none of
the success of her theory of tone formation, we have
whom ever draw prizes. The odds strongly favor
but to recall Mmes. Etelka Gerster, Emma Eames,
Emma Calvé, and Nellie Melba, all of whom owe so
the government, no doubt, but there are still many
much to their teacher. As has been pointed out, she is
chances to win; otherwise the Neapolitan folk could
something more than a great teacher of singing — she
not be presented to us as rational buman creatures.
is at once the great enthusiast and philosopher of her
Last upon our list of recent translations comes
art. Her present volume embraces an elaborate analy-
the “ Labor” (Travail) of M. Zola. It is a far sis of the connection of music with the human voice, as
cry indeed from the Rougon-Macquart books, with well as critical comment on its position with reference
their accumulation of repulsive details, to this to individual ability, in such a manner as to enable one
lyrical exaltation of the dignity of toil, to this
to discriminate and determine a voice that has no po-
impassioned presentation of the noblest ideals of
tentialities of successful training. The volume contains
social justice and the solidarity of mankind. The
intimate recollections of persons famous on the concert
and lyric stage, and includes a brief review of the mu-
author does not escape from his earlier methods,
sical conditions prevailing in Paris. No more noble
however, for he still gives us interminable technical
tribute can be paid to tbe ability of Mathilde Marchesi
descriptions and family histories. Bat his spirit than to quote the words of Mme. Melba: “When in the
is a new one, or rather it is a spirit not readily to fulness of time this mistress of her art elects to retire
be found in the books that first made him famous, from the position she has so long adorned, and to seek
although we suspect that it better represents the
rest from the labors of her long and illustrious life, she
man behind the work than all the realistic elabo- will do more than lay down her burden of toil — she
rations of “ L'Assommoir” and “ La Terre." As
will lay down a Sceptre.”
a matter of fact, M. Zola is of the romantic scbool
Short popular
Prof. William Henry Hudson's Life of
by instinct, and has now given up the attempt to
biography of Scott (A. Wessels Co.) admirably ful-
suppress his true character. The essential purpose Walter Scott.
fils the requirements of a short popular
of “ Labor" is to present the author's ideal of the biography. The story of Scott's life goes along with a
sort of cooperative endeavor that he believes will swing that is not interrupted by too much discussion of
prove the ultimate solution of the great social prob- his literary characteristics. The book is intended for
lem. His socialistic community offers an enticing the general reader rather than the specialist, and for
spectacle, and his belief in the perfectibility of hu-
that reason the details of such things as Scott's en-
man nature is so whole-hearted that it proves con-
tanglement in the failure of the Ballantynes are given
tagious while we remain under the spell of his
only so far as they are necessary to our understanding
of the story. The experiences out of which Scott's
glowing pages. Afterwards, doubts creep into the
writings were to grow are carefully traced from boy-
mind, and we begin to realize the artificial charac-
hood, and in “ The Lady of the Lake” and “Guy Man-
ter of the whole scheme. But the book is so fine
nering” we find again the spirit of spectacular and
in its conception, and so noble in its idealism, that it picturesque romance that had kindled his early imag-
can hardly fail to quicken the most sluggish heart, ination. The pathos of Scott's ambition to maintain a
and bring hope to the soul that is most despairing of
feudal establishment and found a family is well pre-
sented, and so also is his final manliness and heroism in
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. meeting the overwhelming obligations involved in the
-
66
social progress.


1901.]
141
THE DIAL
-
failure of the publishing house in which he was inter- tained by the choice he has made of its themes is that
ested. Graphically told, too, is the story of his infatu- it sounds like the apotheosis of the “minstrel show."
ation with royalty in the person of George IV., by whom In discussing “Modern Tendencies in Music" Dr. Clarke
I
he was created a baronet. In some quarters, Scott bas finds a trend toward harmonic freedom and toward
been greatly over-rated ; but in the two concluding formlessness, and away from melody and “ tune." To
chapters of criticism in this book there is full recog- give up melody for recitative, and form for vagueness,
nition of the faulty construction of his novels, of the seems akin to atavism rather than progressive evolu-
diffuseness and slovepliness of his style, of the lack of tion; but Dr. Clarke finds gains to offset the losses.
verbal felicities, and the absence of any inspiration be- Despite the extravagences into which some composers
yond the commonplace in his poetry. Yet, as Professor have fallen, the emancipation of harmony is a great
Hudson says in conclusion, “ Obsolete, it is certain step forward, and it is quite possible that from the pres-
Scott will never become till men have ceased to under- ent formlessness some new and more beautiful forms
stand in literature the difference between the real and may be evolved. Also, there is hope in the cultivation
the factitions, the true and the false."
of the best class of music in which there is now a wide-
spread and ever-growing interest. Whereas, in our
Mr. Jenkin Lloyd Jones's second vol-
Eloquent bits of
country, music formerly was a luxury within the reach
ume of “ Bits of Wayside Gospel” has
wayside gospel.
of the wealthy and cultivated classes exclusively, its
for its title “ A Search for an Infidel"
most interested patrons at the present time are found
(Macmillan). It is a series of chapters no less inter-
among the people at large. By the formation of choral
esting than its predecessor “ Jess,” and no less full of
and other musical organizations, and in very great de-
striking instances of Mr. Jones's power to find “ser-
gree by the generous liberality of men of means and
mons in stones," and ringing words for high thoughts.
public spirit, it is now possible for everyone to hear the
No fact or situation is too familiar or too com mmonplace
to be untranslatable by him into terms both of poetry
greatest of instrumental compositions — performed by
orchestras of unsurpassable excellence. Only a master-
and of religion. For example, take this passage a propos
mind can treat large subjects in the brief yet scholarly
of standing by the bank of a city river: “The river
fashion of this little book, in which both the amateur
gathers up the filth and garbage of the city until it
and the professional will find matter well worth his
becomes fetid and loathsome, but a dozen miles be-
while.
yond it is again clear and pure. Filth is always foreign
substance, and Nature is never at a loss to know what A search for the
“ The Philosophy of History,” by Mr.
to do with it. She filters it through gravel beds, strains
law of human S. S. Hebberd, is a carefully-wrought
it through cloud sieves, plants her rivers with water-
development. essay, in which the attempt is made to
cresses and lilies, and peoples her deeps with a thousand
establish a single law of thought which will successfully
forms of animal life, revelling in a beauty of their own,
explain the course of human development. The author
and all for the purpose of purifying her waters.
finds this fundamental law in the statement that “causes
Life, like water, may hold in solution a thousand sub- can be known only through their effects; and, con-
stances; but through all its restless motion, it is per-
versely, effects can be known only through their causes.'
manent and changeless. Rocks crumble into sand,
Taking this fundamental law as a key, the author ap-
mountains are carried into the valleys, but the sea re-
plies it in turn to the doors of human history, and
mains. So forms, dogmas, and institutions may change,
makes it open them all in succession, from the contem-
but the sea of life ever rolls in great tides toward the
plative systems of Indian thought to the industrial con-
heavenly attractions." These pregnant and stimulating
ficts of the nineteenth century. The book cannot be
discourses are well worthy of the permanent preserva-
even summarized here; but it may be said that its
tion and handsome dress given them by the publishers.
treatment of old problems is fresh, logical, and in many
respects convincing. Especially is this true of the chap-
In the “ Highways and Byways of ters on classical and mediæval art, in which the law of
Vital discussions
of music themes.
Music" (Silver, Burdett & Co.) we have "unity in dependence " is admirably illustrated. How
a collection of six lectures by Dr. Hugh the book will be received by the followers of the great
A. Clarke, of the University of Pennsylvania. With a school of philosophy which it antagonizes, is not certain;
vigor and originality that charm always and convince but it is likely to command their interest. Mr. Heb-
very often, Dr. Clarke discusses sundry up-to-date mu- berd's close adherence to his thesis occasionally betrays
sical practices and theories. In discussing “Art Music," him into some extravagances, as when (p. 305) he
he denies that this is essentially, although sometimes it makes the newspapers and churches, and in large degree
may be, an outgrowth of the folk-song, the folk-song the colleges and universities, subservient to the conjoint
having as little to do with the noble melody of Mozart rule of the bosses and the monopolists. But in general
or Beethoven as the pretty prattle of an intelligent child his thought is temperately and lucidly expressed, and
with the weighty sayings of the same child when grown appeals both to reason and right feeling. Mr. Hebbard
into a world-wise poet. The great German composers is his own publisher, at La Crosse, Wisconsin.
having shown how themes must be treated to produce
great works of art, all great works must conform to
In Bishop Spalding's “ Aphorisms and
A precious book
these conditions until some better form is discovered. of Aphorisms Reflections ” (McClurg) we have one
A folk-song can do no more than give a sort of quasi-
and Reflections. of the best books we know of the class
local color to a composition; consequently it is vain to indicated by its title. At whatever page the volume
look for an American school of music to grow out of be opened, the reader will find a thought worthy of
"plantation melodies.” Dvorak's “ American Sym- consideration or a principle worth putting into practice.
phony” is in no sense a development from indigenous Undoubtedly, as the author says in his Introduction,
American music. It is a symphony constructed in ac- « The thoughts that keep us company, like persons with
cord with the well-known plan that owes its existence whom we live, influence us in secret and unnoticed
to the Teutonic element in music. The only result at- ways; like spirits, they fit about us, and create an
"
a


142
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
atmosphere in which the soul prospers or droops or
faints.” Hence the value of having at hand a book like
this, vital with so much fine wisdom of experience, in-
spiring through its faith in the worth and sacredness of
human life, in the joy of living, in civilization and pro-
gress, in God and the soul. The lovers - and they are
many - of Bishop Spalding's earlier books will rejoice
in this precious addition to the series.
With the greatest admiration and even
Sanborn's life
enthusiasm for his subject, Mr. Frank
of Emerson.
B. Sanborn's volume on Emerson, in the
series of “ Beacon Biographies (Small, Maynard &
Co.) is pot what we should expect from one who knew
Emerson so well. There is a lack of color and definite-
ness in the picture which is hard to explain, but which
all Emerson lovers will feel. Perhaps Mr. Sanborn has
been oppressed by the weight of his material, for he
knew Emerson long and intimately, and, moreover, he
feels that previous biographers have failed to grasp the
principal spring of Emerson's character. This trait
he conceives to be versatility, and the presence of his
subtle and sincere thought in every pathway of the hu-
man intellect. But that Mr. Sanborn has been success-
ful in presenting this aspect of bis subject will not be
granted. The principal value of the book to many
readers will be its chronology of Emerson's life. Even
the bibliography of a dozen volumes fails to mention
some of the best sources for Emerson research.
“Empresses of France” is the suggest-
The tales of three
ive title of a bandsome volume issued
French Empresses.
by Messrs. Dodd, Mead & Co., and
written by Miss Harriet A. Guerber, who has made her
name known as the author of several “popularizing
books, intended to make easy the paths of classic myth-
ology, medieval folk-lore, and modern history. The
three women to whom their evil destiny brought the
name of “Empress of the French” presented an invit-
ing theme to such a pen; and the result is this series of
three narratives in which the life-stories of Josepbine,
Marie Louise, and Eugénie are told with a fluency and
gossipy detail which make entertaining reading enough,
but are better suited to the limp labyrinth of a Sunday
newspaper than to the permanent elegance of form be-
stowed upon them by the publishers.
66
"
strong and influential in the city and colony of New
York. This was due largely to the predominance then
of mercantile interests, which were unwilling to see
trade interfered with for the sake of political principles.
At the close of the war the feeling against these Loyal-
ists found vent in the treatment which is usually ac-'
corded the vanquished by the victors in warfare. A
thorough study of this phase of the Revolution has been
made by Mr. A. C. Flick in his “Loyalism in New
York during the American Revolution” (Columbia
University Press). The author has wisely compiled a
systematic presentation of the facts concerning the
origin of the Loyalists, their activity against the patriots,
and their subsequent hardships, rather than a justifica-
tion or condemnation of their attitude toward their
country.
Mr. Charles Alfred Downer's “Frédéric Mistral,
Poet and Leader in Provence” (Macmillan) is a careful
critical study of “Mirèio" and its fellow-poems, and an
account of the author's life based upon careful research
as well as personal acquaintance. Furthermore, it is a
history of the Felibrige movement and a treatise upon
the Provençal lang uage. The work belongs to the
series of literary studies that have been prepared by
recent candidates for the doctorate of Columbia Uni-
versity, and illustrates a sort of original work far better
worth doing than the counting and cataloguing that too
frequently do duty for a doctor's thesis.
In a bulky monograph entitled “ Political Nativism
in New York State" (Columbia University Press)
Mr. Louis Dow Scisco traces the history of the anti-
foreigner movement from the first riot against the
Catholics in New York City in 1806. He finds the
feeling against aliens especially strong in that city and
state, both because this region was the first destination
of immigrants, and also because it had been peopled
previously by Englishmen— the hereditary foe of the
Irish, who predominated among the new comers. The
effect of this social question on national politics between
1835 and 1860 occupies the largest part of the author's
attention. The movement is summed up by him as
peculiarly un-American and narrowing in its aim, al.
though a prominent factor in rouuding out the ideal of
the nation. The latter paradox is satisfactorily ex-
plained by showing that it led to more homogeneity in
religion and in social life, and thus became ultimately
a benefit, although outwardly a failure.
For all to whom the humor of Eugene Field's
“ Tribune Primer” makes its appeal no better edition
could be found than that lately issued by the Mutual
Book Co. of Boston. The broad caricature of Mr. F.
Opper's seventy-five drawings is well adapted to the
work in hand, and the volume has the further advant-
age of including, in addition to the “ Primer," a number
of Field's earlier miscellaneous writings, such as the
“ Auto-Analysis ” and “The Two Friars."
Maryland, a Border State, which did not secede
from the Union in 1861, was exempt from the Emanci-
pation Proclamation of President Lincoln, which pri-
marily destroyed slavery in so many of the States.
How the anti-slavery element in that state succeeded in
freeing her from the system is told by Mr. William
Starr Myers in a monograph on “The Maryland Con-
stitution of 1864” (Johns Hopkins Press). The author
thinks that the Civil War simply hastened an action
bound to come eventually from economic and senti-
mental causes.
BRIEFER MENTION.
For the many who are unable to view the annual
exhibitions of the Royal Academy a large measure of
consolation is offered in the volumes of “Royal Acad-
emy Pictures,” issued for several years past by Messrs.
Cassell & Co., Ltd. In comprehensiveness and author-
ity, as well as in the artistic quality of its reproductions,
this work holds a foremost place among publications of
its kind. The issue for 1901, just published, is made
doubly attractive by the inclusion of five full-page
photogravures, instead of but one as heretofore. With
Mr. Spielmann's Preface, and the numerous notes, this
latest volume of "Royal Academy Pictures” forms as
satisfactory a black-and-white reproduction of the late
exhibition at Burlington House as could be desired.
When people began to take sides for and against the
King and Parliament in the rising tide of the American
Revolution, much alarm was felt by the patriots because
the Loyalists, as the pro-British were called, were so
6


1901.]
143
THE DIAL
>
a
)
"
only the "currency” half of its subject, and the second,
NOTES.
or “ banking” half, will receive treatment in a later
« Julius Caesar," edited by Mr. Cyrus L. Hooper, is
publication, to be included in the 1901 volume of the
the first volume of a school Shakespeare to be published
Association. The Macmillan Co. are the publishers of
these books.
by Messrs. Ainsworth & Co.
A new volume of verse by the Right Reverend J. L.
Mr. Frank M. Morris of Chicago announces a limited
Spalding, Bishop of Peoria, will be issued at once by
reprint of the “Basia of Johannes Secundus Nicolaius,"
The Grafton Press of New York.
including also the “Ephthalamium,” in the original
translation of George Ogle, first published in 1771.
An entirely new and revised «Twentieth Century
edition of Messrs. Isaac Pitman & Sons' “Complete
Mr. Ralph Fletcher Seymour has designed the decora-
Shortband Instructor” is announced for early issue.
tions for the volume, and an introductory memoir is
supplied by Mr. Wallace Rice.
Messrs. Eaton & Mains publish a new and revised
A second impression of Mr. William Vaughn Moody's
edition of Professor Richard T. Ely's well-known
“ Introduction to Political Economy," which first ap-
Poems, published a few weeks since, is announced by
peared twelve years ago.
Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Lovers of genuine
poetry will be glad to learn that there is such a demand
“ The Story of King Alfred," by the late Walter
for Mr. Moody's book, for by general consent of the
Besant, is a new volume in the Messrs. Appletons'
critics no volume of American verse has appeared for
“ Library of Useful Stories.” It is both a timely and
many a day so strong in the higher qualities of poetry.
an interesting publication.
Dr. Horace Howard Furness's life-work, the prepara-
Two of the most recent dramatizations of popular
tion of the Variorum Edition of Shakespeare's plays,
novels are those of Mr. Opie Read's “Old Ebenezer"
has now been advanced to the thirteenth volume, which
and Mr. Charles Clark Munn's “Uncle Terry." Both
J. B. Lippincott Company will issue this autumn. The
plays will have their initial presentation this Fall.
new volume will contain “ Twelfth Night," and will be
A series of “Little Biographies” will be inaugurated supplied with the voluminous notes, various readings,
this Fall by Messrs. Knight & Millet of Boston, the discussion of the plot and composition, and bibliography
first two volumes being devoted to “Dante," by Mr. and index which characterized the other volumes.
Paget Toynbee, and “Savonarola," by Mr. E. L. S.
« Blossom Hosts and Insect Guests,” by the late
Horsburg
William Hamilton Gibson, is a publication of Messrs.
Dryden, Gray, Goldsmith, Burns, and Coleridge, are Newson & Co. It is a compilation, made from peri-
illustrated by one or two pieces each in Miss Mary E. odical and other sources by Miss Eleanor E. Davie, of
Litchfield's “ Selections from Five English Poets." all that Gibson ever wrote on the subject of the fertili-
This is an annotated school book published by Messrs. zation of flowers. Other volumes of bird and insect
Ginn & Co.
studies are now in preparation, forming a series mainly
“ Arline Valère," by Mr. Joseph Hallworth, is a educational in purpose, yet interesting to the general
novel published by Messrs. L. C. Page & Co. It is a reader.
novelty in bookmaking, being a facsimile reproduction The series of “British Anthologies” compiled by
of the author's manuscript, adorned with quaint mar- Prof. Edward Arber, and published by the Oxford
ginal illustrations.
University Press, is now completed by the appearance
A historical romance having to do with the little- of the first and last volumes of the set,— the “ Dunbar
known career of Charlotte de Bourbon, wife of William Anthology" and the “Cowper Anthology.” The ten
of Orange, will be published this month by the Griffith volumes of this admirable work cover a period of four
& Rowland Press of Philadelphia. The author is Mrs. centuries, from 1401 to 1800, and include no less than
Caroline Atwater Mason.
1935 selections. A complete index to first lines is con-
“ The Great Mother of the Gods,” published by the
tained in the final volume.
University of Wisconsin, is a doctoral dissertation by The combination of all forms of insurance in one
Mr. Grant Showerman. A feature unusual in works of group is advocated by Mr. Allan H. Willett in “ The
this description is provided by a series of illustrations, Economic Theory of Risk and Insurance" (Columbia
both artistic and archeological in their interest. University Press). The individual producer would then
The sixth annual report of the John Crerar Library, no longer feel reluctant to enter an industry on account
covering the year 1900, bas just been issued. Its most of the risk. There would result a perfect static adjust-
noteworthy feature is the portrait and memorial sketch ment of capital which insures its greatest productivity,
of the late Huntington W. Jackson, who was one of the and the negative loss caused by unequal degrees of
original trustees named in the will of the founder. risk would disappear.
What is probably the first English translation of Bal- The collotype facsimile of the Shakespeare First
zac's dramatic works will be published this month by Folio of 1623, which the Clarendon Press has in prepa-
Messrs. Laird & Lee. These plays, five in number, ration, is being reproduced from the Chatsworth copy,
were written during the best period of the author's lit- owned by the Duke of Devonshire. The reproduction
erary career, and have all been produced upon promi- will be the exact size of the original, with the necessary
nent Parisian stages. The translator's name is not given. margin; and the whole of the 910 pages of the First
The American Economic Association has completed Folio will be included in one volume. A brief Intro-
the first volume of the new (third) series of its publi- duction by Mr. Sidney Lee will be prefixed, giving
cations. The volume for 1900, now at hand, includes bibliographical details, with as full a catalogue as prac-
four numbers, the last of which is a monograph on “Cur- ticable of all known copies of the First Folio. The
rency and Banking in the Province of the Massachu- edition will be strictly limited and sold by subscription.
setts Bay," by Mr. Andrew McFarland Davis. Although It is not likely that the work will be completed before
this work comprises nearly five hundred pages, it covers
the end of next year.
а


144
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 60 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
BIOGRAPHY.
Souvenir of Sir Arthur Sullivan, Mus. Doc. M.V.0.: A
Brief Sketch of his Life and Works. By Walter J. Wells.
Illus., 4to, pp. 104. M. F. Mansfield & Co. $1.50 net.
The Story of King Alfred. By Walter Besant. Illus.,
24mo, pp. 187. “Library of Useful Stories." D. Appleton
& Co. 35 cts. net.
66
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
September, 1901.
Adams, Herbert B. R. T. Ely. Review of Reviews.
Airship, the, Is It Coming? Simon Newcomb. McClure.
·Army, The United States. F. V. Greene. Scribner.
Arnold Arboretum, Work of the. S. Baxter. World's Work.
Automobile-making in America, J. Ą. Kingman. Rev. of Rev.
Barrett, Lawrence, Recollections of. Clara Morris. McClure.
Bears, Beguiling of the. Frederic Irland. Scribner.
Boys, Saving of, from Crime. World's Work.
British Empire, Commercial Position of. B. Taylor. Forum.
Burke and the French Revolution. Woodrow Wilson. Cent’y.
Burma, Building an American Bridge in. World's Work.
“Burro-Puncher, A." W. A. Wyckoff. Scribner.
Canada, Royal Visits to. Sir J. G. Bourinot. Forum.
Cannibal Tribe, Our Last. James Mooney. Harper.
Cathode Rays. Joseph J. Thomson. Harper.
Cattle-Ranching in Southwest, Economics of. Rev. of Rev.
Chinese Exclusion. Ho Yow. North American.
Christian Science. J. M. Buckley. North American.
City at Night, The Rollin L. Hartt. Atlantic.
Crown of the Continent. G. B. Grinnell. Century.
Cuban Government of Cuba. Edmond Wood. Forum,
Eliot, George, Reminiscences of. Frederic Harrison. Harper.
Empress Frederick, The Late. North American.
England, Mediæval, Village Life in. E. P. Cheyney. Lippin.
England, Political Situation in. Goldwin Smith, No. Amer.
England, Portugal, and the South African Republics. Forum.
Essay, The, as Mood and Form. Richard Burton. Forum.
Factory Town, A Model. Leonora Beck Ellis. Forum.
Finland's Plight. Eugene Limedorfer. Forum.
Frost, Fighting. Alexander McAdie. Century.
Fruits and Flowers, A Maker of New. World's Work.
German Navy, The New. H. W. Wilson. Harper.
German Tariff Proposals, The. Jacob Schoenhof. Forum.
Great Britain, Debt of. Harold Cox. North American.
Hawaiian Islands, Impressions of. H. C. Potter. Century.
Indian Poetry, Old, English Neglect of. Karl Blind. Forum.
Industry, Modern, A Leader of. A. Goodrich. World's Work.
Japanese Plants in American Gardens. Atlantic.
Kansas after the Drought. F. W. Blackmar. Rev. of Rev.
Koch, Robert, and his Work. H. M. Biggs. Rev. of Rev.
Louis Philippe in the United States. Jane Parker. Century.
Louisbourg, Colonial Fighters at. C. T. Brady. McClure.
Mid-Air Dining Clubs. Cleveland Moffett. Century.
North Pole, How I Hope to Reach the. E. B. Baldwin. McClu.
Okapi, The. Sir Harry H. Johnston, McClure.
Pan-American Exposition, The. David Gray. Century.
Picknell, William L. Edward Waldo Emerson. Century.
Political Parties, Future of. C. A. Conant. Atlantic.
Poor in Summer, The. R. A. Stevenson. Scribner.
Porto Rico, Results of Civil Government in. World's Work.
Prague. Arthur Symons. Harper.
Reaction, Notes on the. An Emersonian Democrat. Atlantic,
Reconstruction, Southern People during. T. N. Page. Atl.
Redwoods, Hunting Big. John Muir. Atlantic.
Revere, Paul, and his Engraving. W. L. Andrews. Scribner.
Royal Humane Society, Stories from Archives of. McClure.
Rush-Bagot Convention. H. S. Boutell. North American.
Russia and Popular Education, C. Pobiedonostseff. No. Am.
Schley, Winfield Scott. Park Benjamin. Rev. of Reviews.
School, The Ideal. G. Stanley Hall. Forum.
Shakespeare. Victor Hugo. North American.
Ship, The Biggest. Chalmers Roberts. World's Work.
Short Story, Anomalies of. W.D. Howells. No. American.
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148
(Sept. 1, 1901.
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J. DEVLIN-BOSS
A Romance of American Politics
1
a
By FRANCIS CHURCHILL WILLIAMS. Illustrated by Clifford Carleton. Price, $1.50.
THE
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1
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A CAROLINA
THE POTTER AND
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FOMA GORDYEEFF
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Translated from the Russian by ISABEL F. HAPGOOD. Illustrated
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150
(Sept. 16,
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$1.50.
By GEORGE W. CABLE
Author of "Old Creolo Days,” etc.
THE CAVALIER
A very dramatic novel of the Civil War, written from
the Southern view point, and one of Mr. Cable's most
distinguished efforts in fiction.
Illustrated by HOWARD CHANDLER CHRISTY. $1.50.
Two Biographies of Absorbing Interest and Great Value.
THE LIFE OF ROBERT EUGENE FIELD
LOUIS STEVENSON A Study in Heredity and Contradictions
By SLASON THOMPSON
By GRAHAM BALFOUR
Of the Chicago Record-Herald, collator of
Including rare illustrations and a valuable fragment
Sharps and Flats."
of autobiography found after Stevenson's death among A bri liant character study by one who knew him well.
his papers. In two volamos. $4.00.
In Press.
By the author of “ What's the Matter with
Kansas ?"
STRATEGEMS AND SPOILS
Tales of Love and Politics
With illustrations by HOWARD CHANDLER CHRISTY.
$1.50.
By the Editor of “Life"
AMOS JUDD
Author of "The Pines of Lory."
Fally and beautifully illustrated in full color, and in
his most spirited manner, by A. I, KELLER.
$1.50.
Fifteen Good Books for Young People.
THE OUTCASTS. By W. A. FRASER, author of "Mooswa and A SON OF SATSUMA; or, With Perry in Japan. By
Others of the Boundarlea." With many illustrations by Arthur KIRK MUNBOE, author of "The White Conquerors," etc. With
Heming
net $1.23 illustrations
na $1.00
FIRST ACROSS THE CONTINENT. A concise story of the TO HERAT AND CABUL. A Story of the First Afghan
Lewis and Clark Expedition in 1802-3-4. By NOAH BROOKS, War. By G. A. HENTY. With eight illustrations by CHARLES
author of "The Boys of Fairport," atc. Fully Illus- M. SHELDON
net $1.25
trated
nel $1.50
WITH ROBERTS TO PRETORIA. A Story of the Boer
LEM: A New England Village Boy, His Adventures and
War. By G. A. HENTY. With twelve illustrations by W.
Mishaps. By NOAH BROOKS. With eight illustrations by
Rainey
net $1.25
Harry O. Edwards .
net $1.00
THE OUTLAWS OF HORSESHOE HOLE.
AT THB POINT OF THE BAYONET. A Story of the
A Story of the
Montana Vigilantes. By FRANCIS HILL. Illustrated by
British Conquest of India. By G. A. HENTY. With twelve
Rufus 8. Zogbaum
Illustrations by Wai Paget
net $1.25
nel $1.00
THE STORY OF MANHATTAN. By CHARLES HEMSTRERT,
HANS BRINKER; or, The Silver Skates. By MARY MAPES
author of "Nooks and Corners of Old New York." With many
DODGE. The New Amsterdam Edition. With 100 illustrations
illustrations
net $1.00
by Allen B. Doggett. Reduced from $2.50
$1.50
THE STORY OF THE GOLDEN AGE. By JAMES BALDWIN.
THE STORY OF ROLAND. By JAMES BALDWIN. With &
With a series of full-page illustrations by Howard Pyle . $1.50 series of full-page Illustrations by Reginald B. Birch . $1.50
THE STORY OF SIEGFRIED. By JAMES BALDWIX. With a THE IMP AND THE ANGEL. By JOSEPHINE DODGE DASKAM.
series of full-page illustrations by Howard Pylo. ., . $1.50 With illustrations
net $1.25
.
.
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK


1901.]
151
THE DIAL
NEW BOOKS OF UNUSUAL WORTH
8
A Book on Education by the President of Yale.
THE EDUCATION OF THE AMERICAN CITIZEN
By ARTHUR T. HADLEY, LL.D.
An attempt to offset a tendency of the day that lays too much stress upon the preparation of men and women to
take places in a social machine at the expense of the development of that power and spirit upon which the perpetuation
of our whole social order depends. The book's special objects are to contribute to the understanding of our political
needs, to develope a sentiment making for power to meet those needs, and to suggest educational methods tending to
the future growth of such power. $1.50 net.
Three Books by Professors of Columbia University.
THE PARTS OF SPEECH THE CIVIL WAR AND THE FRENCH REVOLU.
By BRANDER MATTHEWS
THE CONSTITUTION TION AND RELIGIOUS
Author of
REFORM
"French Dramatists of the Nine-
By JOHN W. BURGESS
teenth Century," etc.
Author of “The Middle Period,” etc.
By WILLIAM M. SLOANE
A work on the English language
Author of "The Life of Napoleon
destined to command wide attention
The fifth number in the "American
Bonaparte," etc.
and provoke much discussion. The History Series" is eminently a consti- In these lectures the author has
English language belongs to the tutional history in its discussion of sought to outline the successive
peoples who speak it: that is the the points at issue in the light of steps whereby the revolutionary
author's position, Americanisms, public law and political science, but governments sought the end so earn-
American spelling, the future of the it is also a stirring and graphic ac-
estly desired by the enlightened of all
language, slang, the simplification of
count of the events of the war. An
classes and to exhibit the retarding
orthography - each of these, with
especial feature is its brilliant and
forces existing partly by foreign inter-
many other topics, have a candid
vention, partly by the conservatism
treatment, and the conclusions searching portraiture of the great per- of devout French who were adher-
reached are suggestive and im- sonalities concerned on both sides.
ents of the papacy, and partly by the
portant. $1.25 net.
In two volumes. $2.00 net.
fanaticism of unbelief. $2.00.
A DAY WITH A TRAMP AND
OTHER DAYS
By WALTER A. WYCKOFF, author of "The Workers."
Those notable sketches are in addition to Mr. Wyckoff's
wage-earning experiences made famous through seven
editions of The Workers.” They are :
1. A Day with a Tramp. 2. With lowa Farmers, 3. A
Section Hand on the Union Pacific Railway. 4. A Burro-
Puncher. 5. Incidents of the Slums. $1.00 net.
THE DESERT
Further Studies in Natural Appearances
By JOHN C. VAN DYKE, Professor of Art in Rutgers
College and author of "Art for Art's Sake," etc.
A relation of his experiences during the past two years
in the great Colorado-Mojave Desert, which, it need
hardly be said of such a nature lover, will be found full
of originality and unexpected witchery.
$1.25 net.
By the author and artist of “Mooswa and Others of the CHINA AND THE ALLIES
Boundaries.'
By A. HENRY SAVAGE LANDOR. 269 illustrations,
THE OUTCASTS
including 5 reproductions of Chinese prints in full color,
By W. A. FRASER, with many illustrations by
and 16 full pages in two tints. In two large octavo
Arthur Heming.
volumes, with a total of 136 chapters and 876 pages, the
In this inimitable book Mr. Fraser makes the story
cover design in colors by the author. Price, $7.50 net.
element much more prominent than in "Mooswa." His
“Will probably stand for all time as the most exhaustive and
authoritative description of the campaign of the Great Powers in
theme is the strange companionship between a buffalo
China." - Philadelphia Public Ledger.
and a wolf, and his extraordinary insight into the work-
“These two volumes read with the dramatic interest of a strong
ings of the minds of animals is here used to better purpose novel, and yet give you history with the stamp of absolute verity."
than ever before. $1.25 net.
- San Francisco Cali.
Two Books of Great Value in the Making of Homes.
ORIENTAL RUGS
THE DECORATION OF HOUSES
By JOHN KIMBERLY MUMFORD. With 16 full-page By EDITH WHARTON and OGDEN CODMAN, Jr.
illustrations of rugs reproduced in full Oriental color-
With 56 full-page illustrations.
ings and 16 full-page half-tone plates.
The most practical problems are treated in a thoroughly
A second edition of this unique work, unique in scope, practical manner, offering tasteful and artistic suggestions
authority, and the accuracy and beauty of its color re- for halls, galleries, and rooms of every sort, the sugges-
productions. Its reappearance has been necessarily de- tive descriptions reinforced by a series of photographic
layed until now, owing to the fact that the color plates illustrations showing what the best taste of various periods
required six months to reprint. Large 8vo, $7.50 net. has already produced. Large 8vo, $2.50 net.
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK


152
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
A. C. McCLURG & CO'S
Fall Announcement for 1901
romance.
A NEW BOOK BY GEORGE HORTON
THE TEMPTING OF FATHER ANTHONY
By George Horton, author of “Like Another Helen,” etc. With six full-page illustrations,
and a striking cover design. 12mo, pp. 246, $1.25.
Mr. Horton has again happily chosen modern Greece for the background of a story. During his long resi-
dence there as American consul, he made a close study of life and conditions in the smaller villages, and he has
utilized his knowledge by introducing into his latest book scenes and episodes that will be of new and unusual
interest to the reading public. Father Anthony, the son of a village priest, aspires to follow in the footsteps of
St. Anthony by giving up the joys of the world and leading an ascetic's life. The way in which the attractions of
a village maiden cause him to abandon his ambition is told with much humor and charm.
OTHER NEW BOOKS OF FICTION
A PARFIT GENTIL KNIGHT
By CHARLTON ANDREWS. With twelve full-page illustrations. I 2mo, pp. 400, $1.50.
A romantic novel by a new writer. The action takes place during the reign of Charles IX. of France,
when Catholics and Huguenots were crossing swords at every opportunity. The hero is drawn into the whirl early
in his career, and carries himself with gallantry and spirit in any number of dramatic episodes. His character
has the combination of nobility, chivalry, and cool-headed bravery that appeals so forcibly to lovers of the true
A charming love episode and the swiftly moving plot will hold the reader's interest to the last.
JUELL DEMMING
ANNE SCARLETT
By Albert L. LAWRENCE. 12mo, pp. 384, $1.25. By MARY IMLAY TAYLOR, author of “On the Red
The story of a young Canadian, whose ardent belief Staircase," etc. 12mo, pp. 350, $1.25.
in the brotherhood of the Anglo-Saxon race takes him The plot hinges on Cotton Mather's activity in witch-
into the Spanish-American war, and finally into the craft hunting during 1688. The terrible charge of
English army during the struggle in South Africa. The dealings with Satan is brought against Anne Scarlett, a
earlier scenes in the book are accurate descriptions of beautiful and innocent girl, by a titled English lady
life in a small American town.
who is moved by jealousy in love, an accusation
LADY LEE
which at length recoils on the inventor.
And Other Animal Stories. By HERMON LEE Ensign.
JUSTICE TO THE WOMAN
With eighteen full-page photogravure plates from By BERNIE BABCOCK. 12mo, pp. 373, $1.25.
original drawings. Large 8vo, gilt top, pp.256,$2.00. A strong and simple story of middle-class life, in-
Ten stories of domestic animals, depicting in a vivid spired by the author's sincere belief in an equal standard
and touching manner interesting phases of animal life of morality. The book compels the reader's interest
and character. Similar in standpoint to “Black Beauty.” through the skill and force of the narration, and the
TENNESSEE SKETCHES
difficult subject is treated with tact and delicacy.
By Louise Preston LOONEY. 16mo, pp. 321, $1.00. FROM ATLANTA TO THE SEA
A book of short stories dealing with various phases By Byron A. Dunn. Illus., 12mo, pp. 408, $1.25.
of Tennessee life, both in town and country. The
The concluding volume of “The Young Kentuck-
character drawing is life-like and effective.
ians Series," bringing the hero to the close of the Civil
Uniform with “Northern Georgia Sketches," by War. A love episode adds interest.
Will N. Harben ; “North Carolina Sketches," by
Mary Nelson Carter ; each, $1.00.
THE BATTLE INVISIBLE
AS A FALLING STAR
By ELEANORE C. REED. I 2mo, pp. 330, $1.25.
A volume of short stories, representing character
By ELEANOR GAYLORD Phelps. With frontispiece,
decorative embellishments in the text, and dainty
types and interesting phases of rural life.
cover design. 12mo, pp. 100, $1.00.
LINCOLN'S FIRST LOVE
A touching story of a suffering child, and of the influ- By Carrie Douglas Wright, 16mo, $1.00.
ence which care and sympathy for it have upon the char- A story treating in a delicate and sympathetic man-
acter of a young woman of wealth and social position. ner of Lincoln's relations with Anne Rutledge.
a
>
9
FOR SALE BY ALL BOOKSELLERS, OR BY
A. C. MCCLURG & CO., PUBLISHERS, CHICAGO


1901.)
153
THE DIAL
A. C. MCCLURG&G CO'S
Fall Announcement, Continued
a
A NEW BOOK FOR COLLECTORS
RUGS: ORIENTAL AND OCCIDENTAL
Antique and Modern. A Book for Ready Reference. By Rosa Belle Holt. With thirty
full-page plates, twelve in the finest colortype process, and a map of the Orient. Large 4to,
pp. 175, gilt top, deckle edges, unique cover design, $5.00 net.
Edition de Luxe, 100 copies, on handmade paper, elegantly bound, $10.00 net.
This elaborate work is a thorough, complete, and compact reference-book on the subject of rugs, and covers
the history of rug-making, the rug industry, symbolism in rugs, and inscriptions on rugs. The illustrations are
carried out with a richness and fidelity of detail never before attempted, and the book is by far the most ambitious
and comprehensive work of reference available for rug-buyers and rug-lovers and for the general reader.
A DANTE GIFT BOOK
AD ASTRA
Being Selections from Dante, with Decorative and Illustrative Designs by MARGARET and Helen
M. ARMSTRONG. Large 4to, in two colors, $2.50 net.
Edition de luxe, 100 copies, on Japanese vellum, elegantly bound, $7.50 net.
The high reputation of Margaret and Helen Armstrong as decorative illustrators will be much augmented
by the happy conception and delicate execution of this beautiful book. Each page gives a selection from the
poet in a central panel, with the decorations and drawings in the form of borders. The volume will appeal
forcibly to admirers of art in book-making, and to lovers of Dante it will prove an inspiration.
NEW BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG
SWEDISH FAIRY TALES
BERNARDO AND LAURETTE
By Anna WAHLENBERG ; translated by Axel Wahlen- Being the Story of Two Little People of the Alps.
berg. Illustrated, small 4to, pp. 150, $1.00 net.
By_MARGUERITE Bouvet, author of “Prince Tip
Fairy stories in the style of Hans Christian Andersen, Top," etc. Illustrated by Helen M. Armstrong.
with wholesome lessons clearly taught but not forced Small 4to, pp. 150, $1.00 net.
on the child's attention. The pictures are unusually Ten-year-old Bernardo and his twin sister Laurette,
graceful and attractive.
following their dead father's instructions, travel a-foot
all the way from Alsace to Savoy, and find a home with
ZANZIBAR TALES
Martin, their mother's old lover.
Told by the Natives of the East Coast of Africa.
MARGOT
Freely translated from the original by George W.
The Court Shoemaker's Daughter
BATEMAN. Illustrated, 12mo, pp. 160, $1.00 net.
A collection of stories chiefly of animal life, quaint,
By Mrs. MILLICENT E. Mann. Illustrated, small 4to,
humorous, and entertaining, which belong to the folk-
pp. 200, $1.00 net.
lore of East Africa. They are curious productions of
Margot's father, who is shoemaker to the Court of
France in the reign of Louis XIV., is a Huguenot, and
the savage imagination, and will awaken a lively in-
terest in children by reason of their attributing to the
when the times of persecution come, little Margot is
hurried out of France. She escapes to America, and
lion, the monkey, the hare, and the other animals the
ways of the human kind.
has many strange adventures in the wilderness, where
she finally finds happiness.
MAGGIE MCLANEHAN
STORIES OF ENCHANTMENT
By GulielMA ZOLLINGER, author of “ The Widow By JANE Pentzer Myers. Illustrated, small 4to,
O’Callaghan's Boys." Illus., 12mo, pp. 300, $1. net.
pp. 150, $1.00 net.
Maggie, an Irish girl, is left an orphan at the age of Twelve charming little stories for very young folk.
fifteen, and, taking up life's battles with courage, good They tell how certain boys and girls were carried
humor, and energy, succeeds in providing not only for through enchantment to fairyland and what happened to
herself, but for her little cousin Nora.
them there.
1
FOR SALE BY ALL BOOKSELLERS, OR BY
A. C. MCCLURG & CO., PUBLISHERS, CHICAGO


154
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
A. G. MCCLURG & CO'S
Fall Announcement, Continued
THREE BOOKS OF LITERARY INTEREST
A HISTORY OF AMERICAN VERSE
By James L. ONDERDONK. With frontispiece portrait. 12mo, pp. 395, $1.25 net.
A critical study of American poets and their work, from the Colonial period to the close of the Nineteenth
Century. It is sufficiently comprehensive and scholarly to satisfy the most exacting student, but the style is
eminently readable, and the treatment so entertaining that the general reader will find the book delightful. The
chapter headings given below indicate the outline of Mr. Onderdonk's history.
Voices From the Wilderness, 1610-1708 ; The Puritan Muse, 1624-1765 ; Literature in the Middle Colo-
nies, 1688-1765; Hints of Nationalism, 1725-1776; Freneau and the Connecticut Choir, 1765-1815 ; Della
Cruscan Echoes, 1785-1815 ; Poets of Sentiment and Passion, 1815-1839 ; Poets of Nature and American Life,
1817–1870 ; Idyllic and Lyric Poets, 1839-1870; Humor and Satire, 1839-1870; Idealism and Realism, 1836-
1870; The Aftermath, 1870-1897.
GERALD.
WORD AND PHRASE
True and False Use in English. By Joseph Fitz-
12mo, $1.25 net.
A most novel and unusual book on the use, misuse,
and derivation of the English language. The author's
wide and searching scholarship has enabled him to im-
part valuable instruction in such an easy and agreeable
style that it will be welcome to anyone who cares to
improve the use of his English, either in writing or
speaking
AT THE SIGN OF THE GINGER JAR
Some Verses Gay and Grave. By R. C. Rose. 16mo,
pp. 185, $1.00 net.
Poems in a light and pleasing vein, marked by a deft
touch and happy fancy. The author is a young Chi-
cago newspaper man, the third in three generations of
poets. The poems in this book figured for a number
of years in a popular department of a daily paper, and
have been revised and edited for this edition. They
deal with a broad range of subjects, and are frequently
relieved by humor and satire.
RECENT SUCCESSFUL FICTION
Uncanonized
A Daughter of the Fields
A Romance of English Monachism. By MARGARET By KATHARINE TYNAN, author of “The Handsome
Horton POTTER, author of “ The House of De Brandons," " The Dear Irish Girl," etc. 12mo,
Mailly,” etc. Sixth edition. 1 2mo, with frontis-
$1.50.
piece, $1.50.
A hard-working Irish farmer's wife, after her hus-
Miss Potter's greatest success has been made in this band's death, undertakes the management of the fields.
story of the reign of King John. The leading charac- Her daughter, who has been brought up in ignorance
ter, Anthony Fitz-Hubert, is a brilliant young courtier, of her mother's hard life, learns of it finally and insists
son of the Archbishop of Canterbury, who turns monk upon relieving her.
to insure the safety of his father's soul. The book is “This novel abounds in delightful pen pictures of country life in
especially significant for its interpretation of King John's
Ireland, which are admirable in their idyllic charm as well as in
their truthful rendering of actual conditions.”—Chicago Inter Ocean.
character and acts, which differs widely from the tradi-
tional view.
Heirs of Yesterday
The Chevalier de St. Denis
By EMMA Wolf. 12mo, $1.00.
By Alice IlGENFRITZ Jones. 12mo, $1.25.
A brilliant and interesting story of social life in San
Francisco, dealing principally with the higher type of
The love of the Chevalier for the fair Senorita de
Jewish-Americans.
Villescas is the thread of continuous interest in the story,
“The author knows her people well, and has drawn all the figures
which moves at a swift pace through the splendors of of her story with a firm hand. Her book will win its way
Louis XIV.'s court, the fighting in the War of the gard of many readers."'-The Argonaut, San Francisco.
Spanish succession, and adventures amid the forests of “Miss Wolf's book is really the first American Jewish novel that
can take its place with the work of Howells in New England, Cable in
Louisiana.
Louisiana, and Garland in the West."-American Hebrew, New York
the re-
FOR SALE BY ALL BOOKSELLERS, OR BY
A. C. MCCLURG & CO., PUBLISHERS, CHICAGO


1901.]
155
THE DIAL
A. C. McCLURG & CO'S
Fall Announcement, Continued
A NEW EDITION OF
HENRIK IBSEN
1828–1888. A Critical Biography. By Henrik JAEGER. Translated by William Morton
Payne. With an additional chapter by Mr. Payne covering the period from 1888 to 1898.
Also a photogravure frontispiece from a rare portrait of Ibsen. 12mo, pp. 315, $1.50.
When Henrik Ibsen celebrated his sixtieth birthday in 1888, his friend, Henrik Jæger, wrote the critical
biography which, in Mr. William Morton Payne's English translation, was published eleven years ago. Mr.
Payne was probably the first American reader, not Scandinavian by descent, to become acquainted with Ibsen's
work, and he has borne in this country the same pioneer relation to Ibsen criticism that Mr. Edmund Gosse has
borne in England, and is unquestionably the most competent Ibsen critic in America. The work has for some
time been out of print, owing to the destruction of the remaining copies in the fire of February, 1899. Since it
is the standard English work upon its subject, a new edition has been greatly needed, and this the publishers are
a
now about to supply: Mr. Payne has written for the new edition a supplementary chapter which gives an analy-
sis of the six plays that Ibsen has produced since Jaeger's book was written. This makes the book a complete
account - the only one existing in English -- of the life and writings of the great Norwegian whose career is now
unhappily drawing to a close.
>
RECENT BOOKS OF HISTORY AND LITERATURE
A History of the American People
Aphorisms and Reflections
By Francis NEWTON THORPE, Ph.D., author of "A
By Rt. Rev. J. L. SPALDING, Bishop of Peoria, author
Constitutional History of the American People,” etc. of “ “Opportunity,” “ Means and Ends of Educa-
With maps and index, 12mo, pp. 627, $1.50 net. tion,” etc. 1 2mo, so cts. net.
A one-volume history of our country, comprehensive, In his new book, Bishop Spalding has collected -
scholarly, readable, and exact.
in the form of short paragraphs — many of his finest
"An American history that should devote more space to the arts
theories regarding conduct, culture, and religion. They
of peace than to the wiles of politics and the thunders of war has
long been needed. Francis Newton Thorpe has filled the want with
are written with the simplicity and directness that indi-
his History of the American People.' The book is more readable cates sincerity of thought, and a clear, unbiased point
than historical romance - it is the romance of history. . . . A full, of view. The subjects discussed cover such a broad
well-rounded statement of the conditions of existence in this country
from the earliest to the latest recorded times."
field that every reader is likely to find many suggestions
- Chicago Record-Herald. which may be given a personal application.
Historical Memoirs of the Emperor A General Survey of American
Alexander 1.
Literature
And the Court of Russia. By Madame La Comtesse By MARY FISHER. 12mo, 382 pages, and Index,
DE Choiseul-GOUFFIER, nee Comtesse de Tisenhaus. $1.50.
Translated from the original French by Mary Bere- “Miss Fisher says that her book 'has grown largely out of her
nice Patterson. With an Introduction and Notes.
work' in the class-room. Rarely has a book so admirably adapted
With Portraits.
to class-room study been made so notably interesting to the general
12 mo, gilt top, deckle edges, 321
reader. The volume contains terse, clear, honest studies of those
pages, $1.50.
men and women who have done most to raise the standard of literary
"Most interesting throughout." - New York Times.
work in the United States." - - Inter Ocean, Chicago.
The Private Memoirs of Madame Roland McLaughlin and Old Oregon
Edited, with an Introduction, by EDWARD GILPIN A Chronicle. By Eva Emery DYE. 1 2mo, 381
Johnson. With full-page illustrations. 12mo, 381 pages, $1.50.
pages, gilt-top, deckle edges, $1.50. A few copies “It depicts Oregon in the periods immediately preceding and
of a large-paper limited edition de luxe, with extra
following that eventful entry of American inissionaries among its
Indian tribes, in 1836, which soon secured the northwestern territory
plates, are still obtainable ; price, 86.00 net.
on the Pacific to the United States. The hero, Dr. John McLoughlin,
“Madame Roland is both a heroine of romance and an historic the White-Headed Eagle,' as the Indians called him, was no less
personage whom no one could think of overlooking."
efficient a factor in securing the American occupation than the
The Nation, New York. missionaries themselves.”_ The Outlook.
FOR SALE BY ALL BOOKSELLERS, OR BY
A. C. MCCLURG & CO., PUBLISHERS, CHICAGO


156
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
Important Autumn Books
By RUFUS ROCKWELL WILSON
By WILLIAM ELEROY CURTIS
Washington:
The Capital City
The True
Thomas Jefferson
Its story, and the story of the men who have made
it and the nation.
2 vols. Illustrated. $3.50 net.
Mr. Curtis gives a clear-cut, animated, and surpris-
ing portrait of Jefferson.
Illustrated. $2.00 net.
Edited by
By O. B. BOISE
HORACE HOWARD FURNESS
Music and Its Masters
Twelfth Night
The Berlin authority tells the story of six great
The VARIORUM EDITION of Shakespeare, by figures in musical history and their work.
critical consent, is given first place.
Illustrated. $1.50 net.
Vol. XIII. $4.00 net.
By LOUISA PARR
By FRANTZ FUNCK-BRENTANO
Dorothy Fox
The Diamond Necklace
The fascinating and true story of Marie Antoinette
and Cardinal de Rohan, from recently discovered
documents.
Full-page Illustrations. $1.50.
A re-issue, after twenty years, of one of the most
popular of novels.
Illustrated. $1.50.
By JAMES 0. G. DUFFY
By JOHN FINNEMORE
Glass and Gold
The Lover Fugitives
A novel of smart society, exposing phases of life
in New York, London, and California.
$1.50.
An exciting novel with strong love interest.
Frontispiece. $1.50.
By ROSA N. CAREY
By GUY BOOTHBY
The Herb of Grace
“Farewell, Nikola"
An ingenious, daring, and puzzling tale of mystery.
Illustrated. $1.50.
The most entertaining and the cleverest of the
novels of this writer.
$1.25.
Net-price books postage extra.
J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY, Publishers, Philadelphia


1901.]
157
THE DIAL
Important Autumn Books
Limited Edition. Illustrated with pho. By Marie
Barabbas togravures by Goupil, of Paris. $3.50
Corelli
net; frontispiece in colors, $4.00 net.
By Van W. J.
Old Dutch Illustrated with wood-cuts by J. G.
Tuin
Veldheer. Royal 8vo, cloth, gilt top, and W. 0. J.
Towns
$5.00 net.
Nieuwenkamp
George Eliot's In Ten Volumos. One volume each
.
New Library
Illustrated. 8vo, cloth, gilt
Novels
Edition
top, $2.50 net per volume.
Printed from New Plates. Forty illus- New
Shakespeare
trations in color. Twenty volumes.
Century
Cloth, gilt top, $25.00; three-quarters
Edition
morooco, gilt top, $50.00 net.
Ainsworth's
A New Edition. Twenty volumes. New
Novels
Cloth, gilt top, $20.00.
Edition
Richardson's Reprinted from Edition of 1811.
Novels
Twenty volumes. Illustrated. Cloth, New
gilt top, $20.00; half morocco, gilt top, Edition
$50.00.
The Price of
a Wife
A New Novel. 12mo, cloth, $1.25.
By John
Strange
Winter
Eadie's
Reset throughout with new type. Beau Twenty-Sev-
tifully illustrated with New Plates, enth Edition,
Biblical
specially prepared from Photographs of
Revised and
the Holy Land, Maps, and Engravings.
Cyclopædia $3.75 net.
Rewritten
The Belt of
Illustrated Boys' Book. 12mo, cloth, By Kirk
$.
Munroe
Seven Totems $1.20 net.
Grimm's
Fairy Tales
One hundred illustrations by Arthur Translated by
Rackham. Large 12mo, cloth, gilt top,
Mrs.
$2.50.
Edgar Lucus
Net-price books postage extra.
J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY, Publishers, Philadelphia


158
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
DODD, MEAD & COMPANY'S
AUTUMN BOOKS, 1901
,
.
•
NOVELS AND TALES
THE LADY OF LYNN. By Sir WALTER BESANT, author of “The Orange Girl,” etc.
12mo, cloth, illustrated .
$1.50
THE YEAR ONE. By John BLOUNDELLE-BURTON, author of “ Across the Salt Seas,"
“ A Bitter Heritage,” etc. 12mo, cloth, illustrated
1.50
CINDERELLA. By S. R. CROCKETT, author of "Joan of the Sword Hand,” “Ione March,"
etc.
With frontispiece in color and eight illustrations. 12mo, cloth
1.50
THE WORLD AND WINSTOW. By EDITH HENRIETTA FOWLER, author of “ The
Young Pretenders” and “The Professor's Children.” 12mo, cloth
1.50
LIGHT FREIGHTS. By W.W.JACOBS, author of “Many Cargoes,” “A Master of Craft, "
etc. 12mo, cloth .
1.50
THE SHOES OF FORTUNE. By NEIL MUNRO, author of "John Splendid,” 6 Gilian
the Dreamer," etc. 12mo, cloth .
1.50
FOREST FOLK. By JAMES PRIOR, author of “Ripple and Flood,” etc. 12mo, cloth.
THE MILLION. By DOROTHEA GERARD, author of "One Year,” “A Spotless Reputa-
tion,” etc., and joint author of “ Reata,” etc. 12mo, cloth
1.50
UNCONSCIOUS COMEDIANS. By CAROLINE DUER. 12mo, cloth
1.50
TANGLED TRINITIES. By DANIEL WOODROFFE, author of “Her Celestial Husband,
12mo, cloth.
1.50
MARNA'S MUTINY. By Mrs. Hugh FRASER, author of “A Diplomatist's Wife in
Japan,”
;"" A Little Grey Sheep," etc. 12mo, cloth .
1.50
A MAN OF MILLIONS. By S. R. KEIGHTLEY, author of “The Crimson Sign,
Silver Cross,” etc. 12mo, cloth
1.50
LOVE THE HARVESTER. By MAX PEMBERTON. 8vo, cloth.
1.50
THE YOUNG BARBARIANS. By Ian MACLAREN, author of “Beside the Bonnie Brier
Bush.” 12mo, cloth, illustrated
1.35
.
.
» « The
.
net
.
net
ILLUSTRATED BOOKS
JOHN FOSTER. By H. W. MABIE. Illustrated by Charles L. Hinton. Small 8vo,
cloth, decorated in photogravure. Probably
.net 1.80
CANDLE LIGHTN' TIME. (Like “Cabin and Field.”) By Paul LAURENCE DUNBAR.
With illustrations by the Hampton Institute Camera Club, and decorations by Margaret Arm-
strong. 8vo, cloth
1.50
SIR HENRY RAEBURN. By SIR WALTER ARMSTRONG, Director of the National Gal-
lery. With an introduction by R. A. M. Stevenson and a biographical and descriptive cata-
logue. With 70 photogravures. Limited edition. Probably
.net 25.00
ROMANTIC CASTLES AND PALACES. Described by Great Writers, and profusely
illustrated, with views from palaces and castles. Edited by EsthER SINGLETON. 8vo, cloth, net 1.60
LOVE IN LITERATURE AND ART. By ESTHER SINGLETON, translator of Lavignac's
“ The Music Dramas of Richard Wagner,” and author of “ A Guide to the Opera," “ Turrets,
Towers, and Temples," etc.
1.60
DOMESTIC MANNERS OF THE AMERICANS. By Mrs. TROLLOPE. New edition,
in one volume, 8vo, with 24 illustrations from contemporary drawings, and an introduction by
Harry Thurston Peck. 12mo, cloth
net 2.00
»
.net
CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE


1901.]
159
THE DIAL
Dodd, Mead & Company's Autumn Books
1
.
.
.net
BIOGRAPHICAL BOOKS
JOURNAL OF HUGH GAINE: PRINTER. Edited, with life of Gaine, and biblio-
graphy of books printed by him, by Paul LEICESTER FORD, author of “The True George
Washington," etc. 8vo, cloth, illustrated. Limited edition from type. Special net, about $15.00
Japan paper edition, about .
. . 30.00
THE QUEEN'S COMRADE. The Life and Times of Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough.
By FITZGERALD Molloy, author of “Romance of the Irish Stage,” etc. 2 vols., 8vo, cloth,
with many illustrations
.net 6.50
ELLEN TERRY. By T. EDGAR PEMBERTON, author of “ The Kendals.” 8vo, cloth, with
numerous illustrations
net 3.50
SOUTH AFRICA A CENTURY AGO. Letters written from the Cape of Good Hope
(1797-1801) by the Lady ANNE BARNARD. Edited, with a memoir and brief notes, by W. H.
WILKINS, M.A., F.S.A. 8vo, cloth .
.net 2.50
CHATTERTON. A Biography. By David Masson, LL.D. 8vo, cloth
net 1.75
UNPUBLISHED LETTERS OF MARIE THERESE, Marie Antoinette, and Comte
d'Argenteau (title at present not fixed). 2 vols., with numerous illustrations, 8vo, cloth.net 6.50
WANDERINGS IN THREE CONTINENTS. By Captain Sir RICHARD F. BURTON.
Edited by W. H. Wilkins, editor of the Burton MSS., and author of “Love of an Uncrowned
Queen.” 8vo, cloth .
net 3.50
MEMOIRS OF AN AMERICAN LADY: With Sketches of Manners and Scenes in
America as they existed previous to the Revolution. By Mrs. ANNE GRANT. With a Memoir
of Mrs. Grant and notes by James Grant Wilson. Regular edition, 8vo, cloth, net $3.50;
Edition de luxe, 150 copies
7.50
BELLES LETTRES AND HISTORY
A HISTORY OF SCOTLAND. By ANDREW LANG. To be completed in 2 volumes.
Vol. II. 8vo, cloth. Each vol. special
3.50
Vol. I. was published in the Spring of 1900.
HYPOLYMPIA ; or, The Gods of the Island. An Ironic Fantasy. By EDMUND Gosse. 12mo, clo.net 1.60
GOSSIP IN A LIBRARY. By EDMUND GOSSE. New Ed. with additional matter. 12mo, clo. net 1.35
ESSAYS OF AN EX-LIBRARIAN. By RICHARD GARNETT, C.B., LL.D., author of
“A History of Italian Literature," "Life of Edward Gibbon Wakefield,” etc. 8 vo
1.75
LIFE AND LETTERS. Essays by W. ROBERTSON NICOLL, M.A., LL.D.
.net 1.75
MISCELLANIES (Second Series). By AUSTIN DOBSON, author of “Four French Women,"
• Eighteenth Century Vignettes," etc. 12mo, cloth
.net 1.00
MODERN ENGLISH WRITERS. Each
1.00
The following have been arranged for publication in the Autumn of 1901 :
Thackeray. By CHARLES WHIBLEY. George Eliot. By SIDNEY LEE.
MISCELLANEOUS
THE INGENIOUS GENTLEMAN DON QUIXOTE OF LA MANCHA. By MIGUEL
DE CERVANTES. With notes by John Ormsby. With portrait and 15 illustrations by Cruik-
sbank. New edition, 4 vols., 12mo, cloth, gilt top, $3.00 ; limp leather, gilt top .
5.00
Large-paper edition, 25 copies
.net 15.00
THE SEVEN DEADLY SINS. By Rev. JAMES STALKER, D.D., author of “The Life
of St. Paul,” etc. 16mo, cloth
.net
.50
AMERICAN BOOK-PRICES CURRENT. A record of books, manuscripts, and auto-
graphs sold at auction in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia, from September 1, 1900, to
September 1, 1901, with the prices realized. Compiled from the auctioneer's catalogues by
LUTHER S. LIVINGSTON. Upwards of five hundred pages, printed from type, in an edition
limited to six hundred copies. 8vo, buckram, gilt top. Special
.net 6.00
Large-paper edition, 25 copies
net 15.00
net
.
9
net
.
net
O
DODD, MEAD & COMPANY, Publishers, New York


160
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
The Century Co.'s Autumn Books
women.
New Fiction.
CIRCUMSTANCE. A novel of modern life and MISTRESS JOY. A romance of America one
character. By Dr. S. WEIR MITCHELL, author of hundred years ago, Aaron Burr being one of the
“ Hugh Wynne.” Cloth, $1.50.
conspicuous characters. By GRACE MacGOWAN
GOD SAVE THE KING! A novel of the time of
COOKE and ANNIE Booth MCKINNEY. Cloth,
Charles II. By RONALD MacDonald, author of
$1.50.
“ The Sword and the King." Cloth, $1.50.
AN OKLAHOMA ROMANCE. A timely novel.
MRS. WIGGS OF THE CABBAGE-PATCH. By HELEN CHURCHILL CANDEE. Cloth, $1.50.
Humor and pathos delightfully blended. By ALICE TOM BEAULING. A romance of to-day. By
CALDWELL HEGAN. Cloth, $1.00.
GOUVERNEUR MORRIS. ' Cloth, $1.25.
A New Illustrated Nature Book.
WILD LIFE NEAR HOME. By Dallas LORE SHARP. Exquisitely illustrated by Bruce Horsfall,
some of the pictures printed in tints. Cloth, $2.00 net (postage, 18 cts.).
CAREERS OF DANGER AND DARING.
By Cleveland Moffett.
Richly illustrated by JAY HAMBIDGE and GEORGE VARIAN. Cloth, 400 pages, $1.80 net (postage 18 cts.).
WOMAN IN THE GOLDEN AGES. By AMELIA WOMAN AND THE LAW. A practical book for
GERE Mason, author of "Women of the French
By Professor GEORGE JAMES BAYLES, of
Salons.” Cloth, $1.80 net (postage, 15 cts.).
Columbia. Cloth, $1.40 net (postage, 12 cts.).
A Practical Book for Mothers.
THE CENTURY BOOK FOR MOTHERS. By Dr. LEROY M. YALE and Gustav POLLAK,
“a practical guide for the rearing of healthy children.” Almost every point on which a young
mother could wish enlightenment is elucidated in this volume. Its authors are acknowledged
authorities. Cloth, 460 pages, $2.00 net (postage, 18 cts.).
Mark Twain's “English as She is Taught.”
A new edition of an intensely amusing book containing a collection of remarkable answers made
by children in school examinations. Miss Caroline B. Le Row compiled the book, and Mark Twain
furnishes an introduction. Cloth, $1.00.
Dr. William Mason's
• MEMORIES OF A MUSICAL LIFE.”
The dean of the musical profession in America here gives his reminiscences of fifty
years covering an acquaintance with the most famous musicians of his time from
Meyerbeer and Schumann to Paderewski and Joseph Hofmann. Tall 12mo, beautifully
illustrated, $2.00 net (postage, 14 cts.).
Four New “Century Classics."
New issues in the exquisite series of Century Clas- duction by Edmund Gosse (2 vols.); “ Tales by
sics, the price, $1.25 net (postage, 13 cts. per Edgar Allan Poe," with an introduction by Hamil-
volume): “ The Autobiography of Benjamin ton W. Mabie; “ Sesame and Lilies” and “A
Franklin,” from the original manuscript, with an Crown of Wild Olive,” by John Ruskin. Each
introduction by Professor Woodrow Wilson; Charles volume contains the best-known portrait of the author
Kingsley's masterpiece, Hypatia," with an intro- reproduced from the original.
Two New 66 Thumb Nails."
Exquisite little books, bound in full stamped leather, and sold at $1.00 each.
LINCOLN. Passages from his speeches and letters, HORACE. Translations from his Latin odes made
with an introduction by RICHARD Watson GILDER. by various authors and collected by BENJAMIN E.
SMITH.
Two New Books for Boys and Girls.
THE JUNIOR CUP. A bright, strong book for THE FRIGATE'S NAMESAKE. A wholesome
boys. By ALLEN FRENCH. Illustrated by B. J. story for girls. By ALICE BALCH ABBOT. Illus-
Rosenmeyer. 250 pages, $1.20 net (postage, 13 cts.). trated. 12mo, 204 pages, $1.00 net (postage, 9 cts.).
The Century Co., Union Square, New York
9
204 pages.
174 pages.


1901.]
161
THE DIAL
R. H. Russell's Fall Publications
A WIDOW AND HER FRIENDS. By C. D.
GIBSON. The New Gibson Book for 1901. Price, $5.00.
Limited edition de luxe, $10.00 net.
THE DOLLY DIALOGUES. A handsome edition
de luxe of ANTHONY HOPE's well-known Dialogues.
Illustrated by Howard Chandler Christy. Price, $2.50 net.
THE STORY OF CUPID AND PSYCHE.
Done into English by WALTER PATER. Beautifully illus-
trated. Price, $2.50.
Also green crushed levant, $12.50 net.
THE MERRY-GO-ROUND, By CAROLYN WELLS.
A splendid book of jingles. Price, $1.50.
THE NEW LIFE. Translated by DANTE GABRIEL
ROSSETTI, with an introduction by Fitz Roy Carrington.
Price, $3.75.
THE HEROES. By CHARLES KINGSLEY. Illustrated
by M. H. Squire and E. Mars, who have made over sixty
brilliant drawings for this book. Price, $2.50.
THE OLD FARM. By RUDOLF EICKEMEYER, Jr.
Picturing with rare artistic taste a number of beautiful
spots from old farm homes. Price, $2.00.
THE HOLLOW TREE AND DEEP WOODS
BOOK. By A. B. PAINE, Stories charmingly and
amusingly told. Price, $1.50.
OPERA SINGERS. By Gustav KOBBÉ. A splendid
pictorial souvenir of famous opera singers of the day.
Price, $1.50.
NEW DOOLEY BOOK. By F. P. DUNNE. Price,
$1.50.
PLANTATION SONGS. By ELI SHEPPARD. Beau-
tifully illustrated with pictures from plantation life.
Price, $2.00.
GYGE'S RING. By RUPERT HUGHES. A narrative
poem. Price, $1.25.
ADE'S NEW FABLES, By GEORGE ADE. A new
collection of clever satirical sketches. Price, $1.50.
LA GIOCONDA. By GABRIELE D'ANNUNZIO. Trans-
lated by Arthur Symons. A finely illustrated edition of
this famous play. Price, $1.00.
THE ROSE OF DAWN. A Romanee of the South
Sea. By HELEN HAY. Price, $1.25.
Also limited edition 100 copies, $3.50 net.
MOTHER AND BABY. By MARY D. BRINE. An
illustrated collection of beautiful lullaby poems. Price,
$1.25.
SEA CHILDREN. By WALTER RUSSELL. A charm-
ing story illustrated by the author. Price, $2.00.
BIG BOOK OF HORSES AND GOATS. By
EDWARD PENFIELD. Price, $1.50.
WISHMAKER'S TOWN. By WILLIAM YOUNG. A
book of verse, with an introduction by Thomas Bailey
Aldrich. Price, $1.00.
TEN BOYS FROM DICKENS. Selected by KATE
DICKINSON SWEETSER. Charmingly illustrated by George
Alfred Williams. Price, $2.00,
NIGHTMARE LAND. By G. ORR CLARK. Verses
for children. Illustrated by Caroline Love Goodwin.
Price, $1.50.
ANIMAL FOLK. By RAYMOND FULLER AYERS.
Twenty clever stories of animal life. Illustrated by J.M.
Condé. Price, $1.25.
THE LOLLIPOPS. By OLIVE M. LONG. A series of
pictures in black and white, accompanied by rollioking
verses. Price, 50 cts.
THE MEMOIRS OF SIMPLE SIMON.
By
D. B. KEELER. A book full of fun for everybody.
Price, $1.50.
YANKEE DOODLE GANDER. By OTTO VON
GOTTSCHALK. An historical nonsense book, illustrated
in color. Price, $1.50.
THE ANIMALS AT THE FAIR. By E. B.
BLAISDELL. A splendid child's book, profusely illustrated
in color. Price, $1.50.
KEMBLE'S PICKANINNIES. By E. W. KEMBLE.
A new book of wash drawings of Southern scenes.
Price, $2.00.
THE ROYAL GAME OF GOLF. By F. T. RICH-
ARDS. Picturing the ancient game of Golf, Printed on
Japan paper, and enclosed in a handsome portfolio, 16 x 24
inches. Price, $7.50; single prints, $1.50.
THE CUP RACES. By L. A. SHAFER. A completo
pictorial history of the races for the America's cup, with
descriptive text. Price, $3.50.
AMERICAN SEA FIGHTS. By GEORGE GIBBS.
Reproductions of water-color drawings of memorable
naval fights. Price, $10.00.
RACING RHYMES AND OTHER VERSES.
By ADAM LINDSAY GORDON. Finely illustrated by Louis
Rhead and Max Klepper. Price, $1.25.
Edition de luxe limited to 100 copies, $3.50 net.
Special edition, bound in green crushed levant. Price,
$10.00 net.
AMERICAN GIRLS. By THOMAS MITCHELL PIERCE.
Beautiful reproductions in photogravure, printed in black
and white and mounted on gray board. Per set, $7.00;
single prints, $1.50.
A limited number hand colored and signed by the artist.
Per set, $35.00; single prints, $6.00.
A new and beautiful line of Calendars will be issued for 1902.
Send for illustrated Catalogue of Books, Prints, and Calendars.
R. H. RUSSELL, 3 West Twenty-ninth Street, New York


162
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
Selections from the September List of
HOUGHTON, Mifflin & COMPANY
MIFFLIN
THE TORY LOVER
By SARAH ORNE JEWETT, author of “ The Country of the Pointed Firs,” “The Queen's Twin,”
etc. Illustrated by Mr. and Mrs. CHARLES H. WOODBURY. 1 vol., crown 8vo, $1.50.
[September 21.]
This is the longest and the strongest book that Miss Jewett has yet written. It is a story of the Revolution,
and the stirring scenes and powerful passions of the time give it a highly dramatic character. The spirit of the
epoch is finely reproduced, and the Tory lover, Roger Wallingford, who became a Patriot for love of Mary Ham.
ilton, is a noble character, while Mary Hamilton herself is one of the most attractive heroines in modern fiction.
а
OUR LADY VANITY
By ELLEN OLNEY KIRK, author of “The Story of Margaret Kent," etc. 12mo, $1.50.
“We are all puppets of our Lady Vanity, who pulls the strings and leads as many a dance,” says Mrs. Kirk
in her new novel, which is even fuller of movement and interest than any of her other books. The “puppets” of
the story are right interesting characters; the self-made man, and the achievement of two ambitions in his son's
marriage, lend decided interest to a story which is marked by Mrs. Kirk's kindly satire, genial philosophy, and
wise humor.
Our Houseboat on the Nile
By LEE Bacon. With a colored frontispiece and 12
full-page half-tone illustrations by Henry Bacon.
Bound in Nile green. 12mo, $1.75 net ; postpaid,
extra.
An entertaining story of a voyage of some weeks on
the Nile in a Dahabeyah about two years ago.
New Riverside Shakespeare
Containing his Complete Works, with glossarial, bis-
torical, and explanatory notes by RICHARD GRANT
WHITE. Revised Edition. With a biographical
sketch, annotated so as to include the latest investi-
gations of Shakespeare scholars. Printed on thin,
firm, opaque paper of high grade, and bound so as to
lie open like a Bible. A compact, scholarly, attract-
ive Shakespeare. 3 vols. Crown 8vo, gilt top, $7.50 ;
half polished morocco, $15.00.
The Lonesomest Doll
A charming fairy story by ABBIE FARWELL BROWN,
author of "The Book of Saints and Friendly Beasts."
Illustrated. In decorative cover. Square 12mo, 85
cents net ; postpaid, 95 cents.
Jaconetta: Her Loves
A delightful story of a simple, fascinating girl of the
South, by Mrs. M. E. M. Davis, author of “The
Queen's Garden." Square 12mo, 85 cents net; post-
paid, 95 cents.
Talks on Writing English
Second Series. By Arlo Bates, Professor of English
in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Crown
8vo, $1.30 net; postpaid, $1.45.
Professor Bates's First Series of Talks on Writing
English has been highly successful. This series is of
equal value. The opening talk is on "what, besides
pen, paper, and ink, is needed for Composition.” Other
talks treat Little Foxes, the faults which spoil writing ;
and Composition and Revision. The book is rich in
the wisdom and experience of a teacher and author.
;
The Cambridge Shelley
The Complete Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley.
Cambridge Edition. Edited with a biographical
sketch and notes by GEORGE E. WOODBERRY, Pro-
fessor of Comparative Literature in Columbia Uni-
versity, author of “ Edgar Allan Poe,” in American
Men of Letters. With indexes to titles and first
lines, a portrait, and an engraved title-page with a
vignette. Large crown 8vo, $2.00. [September 28.]
Mrs. Stowe's Stories
Popular Edition. 8 vols., $10.00.
Bret Harte's Stories and Poems
Popular Edition. 6 vols., $10.00.
SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. SENT, POSTPAID, BY
HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & COMPANY, BOSTON


1901.)
163
THE DIAL
Announcement of Publication
THE
VOYAGE OF ITHOBAL
By Sir EDWIN ARNOLD
Its subject is the circumnavigation of Africa by the Phænicians six hundred years
before Christ.
Ithobal is a sea-captain of Tyre, who takes service with Neku, King of Egypt, to
explore the unknown waters beyond the Red Sea. After picturesque scenes at Tyre,
where he buys in the slave market, with a priceless pearl, an African princess, made
captive in the Dark Continent, and alone knowing its secrets, he builds three ships at
Suez and sets forth.
All this is minutely described, together with full details of the voyage of fifteen
thousand miles round Africa. Returning, with two out of three ships, after numerous
and exciting adventures, which bring out almost every feature of African life and scenery,
Ithobal relates the story of his enterprise, in a discourse of seven days, before the throne
of Pharaoh, who loads with honors the successful captain, the Princess (his wife), and
his crews.
It is the opinion of able critics who have read the work that the poet has never done
anything better than this prophetic and imaginative production, which is at once forceful
and original, but most faithful to fact, reality, and geography.
SIR HENRY M. STANLEY, in a letter to the author, says of it :
“You have added greatly to the happiness of many of your race, in
every continent, by the production of so unique a poem, so rich in the
beauties of the sweet English language.”
Embellished with 36 Illustrations from Drawings by ARTHUR
LUMLEY. 12mo, cloth, gilt top, $1.50.
G. W. DILLINGHAM COMPANY
Publishers
NEW YORK


164
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
THE MOST TALKED-ABOUT BOOK OF THE
BOOK OF THE DAY
BLENNERHASSETT
+
Three big honest editions of 20,000 each, making a total of 60,000, were
actually printed and sold before publication.
Twelve THE story is an exciting one, of a decided
, a
Bound in
dramatic flavor, touching on the most in-
Full Page
teresting incidents in the lives of AARON Blue Silk Cloth.
BURR, his daughter THEODOSIA, ALEX-
Illustrations
ANDER HAMILTON, HARMAN BLEN-
Striking
by
NERHASSETT and his wife MARGARET,
Decorative Cover.
and THOMAS JEFFERSON. It is vigor-
C. H. STEPHENS. ously told in the author's own peculiarly
Gilt Top.
simple style, bright and animated, and de-
lightfully captivating. An absorbing love
At all Booksellers.
story is carried through the narrative.
Price, $1.50.
By CHARLES FELTON PIDGIN, author of
QUINCY ADAMS SAWYER
“The best New England story ever written."
• MISS PETTICOATS."
Preparation :
C. M. CLARK PUBLISHING COMPANY
: : BOSTON, MASS.
In
:
9
THE
SIGN
의
​OF
canoe.
A New Novel by the Author of " Ralph Marlowe,”
DR. JAMES BALL NAYLOR
A charming historical novel of the War of 1812,
of the times of TECUMSEH and TENSKWATAWA, THE
PROPHET. At the instigation of the English,
Tecumseh attempted to form a confederacy among
the western tribes, which was defeated by the hasty
action of his brother, THE PROPHET, during the
absence of the former, resulting disastrously for the
Shawnee Indians in the famous Battle of Tippe-
Romance is happily blended with the his-
torical, and pathos is supplied through the trials and
unhappy fate of the early heroine of the book, while
the beautiful ward of THE PROPHET, the real heroine
of the story, will keep the reader in keen expectancy
until the closing chapter. The book also has a counter-
part of the talkative Jep Tucker, the yarn-spinner
of "Ralph Marlowe,” in the veteran hunter, Joe
Farley, with his quaint provincialisms and drollery.
Handsome frontispiece, cloth bound, gold stamped,
12mo, $1.50.
THE SAALFIELD PUBLISHING COMPANY
AKRON, OHIO
THE
PROPHET


1901.)
165
THE DIAL
FIRST EDITION
FIRST EDITION
50,000 Copies
50,000 copies
THE MAKING
OF A MARCHIONESS
Ву
FRANCES HODGSON BURNETT
THE first work in two years by the author of “A Lady of
Quality,” “Little Lord Fauntleroy,” etc. A delightful novel
in the author's most charming vein - - a sort of society “fairy-
story” without fairies. The scene is laid in an English country
house where an amiable English nobleman is the centre of
matrimonial interest on the part of both the English and Amer-
icans present. This is one of the most beautiful novels ever
issued. It is illustrated by CHARLES D. WILLIAMS, and it has
decorative title-page, borders, initials, headpieces, tailpieces,
etc., by A. K. WOMRATH.
12mo, cloth, gilt top, net $1.10; postpaid, $1.21.
For sale by all Booksellers.
FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY
5 & 7 EAST 16TH STREET, NEW YORK
FIRST EDITION
FIRST EDITION
50,000 Copies
50,000 Copies


166
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
NEWEST BOOKS OF INTEREST
Ten New England Leaders
By WILLISTON WALKER, Ph.D., D.D., Hartford Theological
Seminary. 480 pp. Cloth, uncut edges, gilt top. $2.00.
Biographical sketches of ten men representative of Congregational
New England.
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1901.)
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SOME THE MACMILLAN COMPANY'S
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THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. survey of this vast field of prospective publica-
tion, and noted a few things that seem par-
No. 366. SEPT. 16, 1901. Vol. XXXI. ticularly deserving of prominent mention, but
we have doubtless passed over two or three
times as many more that will prove equally
CONTENTS.
valuable additions to our libraries. The inad
equacy of this brief summary grows more ap-
BOOKS OF THE COMING YEAR
173
parent with every year, as the activities of
anthors and publishers become multiplied, and
THREE LYRICAL ANTHOLOGIES. Charles Leonard
as our classified catalogue of Fall announce-
Moore.
175
ments fills with every year an increasing num-
COMMUNICATION .
178
ber of our pages.
The Sonnets of De Heredia. Benjamin B. Warfield.
For American readers at least, we should
say that the long-awaited biography of James
LEAVES FROY A BUSY LIFE. Wallace Rice 178
Russell Lowell is likely to prove “ the book of
the year.” Intrusted to the competent hands of
A NEW HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE.
his intimate associate and friend, Mr. Horace
Francis W. Shepardson
181
E. Scudder, this biography has been prepared
SOME PRESENT-DAY METHODS IN ETHICS.
with leisurely industry, and the author bas bad
Frank Chapman Sharp
183 access to practically all of the available bio-
Davis's Elements of Ethics. – Kenney's Problems
graphical material. We have no doubt that
in Ethics. - Thilly's Introduction to Ethics. - Mezes'
Mr. Scudder has risen to the occasion, and
Ethics, Descriptive and Explanatory.
produced at the same time the most important
of his own works and one of the most important
SOME NEW NATURE BOOKS. Sara A. Hubbard 185
Clute's Oar Ferns in their Haunts. - Dexter's The works of biography in American literature.
Wilderness Blossomed. - Weed's Nature Biogra- Our English friends, perhaps, will take a less
phies. — Comstock's Insect Life. Mrs. Miller's exalted view of Lowell and his books than our
Second Book of Birds. – Chapman's Bird-Life. —
own; to them the leading biography of the
Long's Wood Folk Series,
year is likely to be found in Mr. Graham Bal-
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
187
four's life of Robert Louis Stevenson, or, if
The American Standard Bible. - A new life of not in that, in Mr. Leslie Stephen's “Life and
Father Hecker. - The Story of Bruges told again. Letters of John Richard Green.” The three
- Two new books on Astronomy. - Beautifying
books together will certainly make this season
our towns and cities. — Realities of modern Russian
memorable for biographical writing, even if we
life. - Essays and fiction by “ Violet Fane." — A
timely life of John Marshall. - Pioneer towns of take no account of such other works as “ The
America.
Making of an American,” by Mr. Jacob A.
Riis, the “Reminiscences" of Mr. George S.
NOTES
190
Boutwell, Bishop Creighton's life of Lord
ANNOUNCEMENTS OF FALL BOOKS
191
Grey, the two volume life of Pasteur by R.
(A classified list of 1,800 titles announced for publi- Vallery-Radot, Mr. David Masson's biography
cation during the coming season.)
of Chatterton, Miss H. Augusta Dodge's “Gail
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а
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.
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174
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
bis Henry
Hamilton's Life in Letters," Mr. Norman Prose Masters." Professor Münsterberg's
Hapgood's life of George Washington, Miss “ American Traits” will provide us with good
Mary S. Austin's “ Philip Freneau, the Poet reading and wholesome instruction. Mr. How-
of the Revolution,” and others too numerous ells will be sure to discourse charmingly of the
to mention.
“ Heroines of Fiction." Lovers of T. E.
In the department of historical writing, we Brown's poems and letters will be glad to add
find no books of such striking prominence as his " Essays" to their collection. • Societol-
the three biographies above mentioned, but we ogy," by Professor W. G. Sumner, will deal
find many attractive titles, such, for example, soberly with themes that occasion much irre-
as the Right Hon. James Bryce's “ Studies in sponsible vaporing. The first volume of Pro-
History and Jurisprudence "; Mr. Andrew fessor J. M. Baldwin's great “ Dictionary of
Lang's “ The Mystery of Mary Stuart”; a Philosophy and Psychology ” will take its place
three-volume history of “The American Fur among the standard works of reference. The
Trade of the Far West," by Capt. Hiram M. “Modern Scandinavian Literature" of Dr.
Chittenden ; " The Civil War," by Professor Georg Brandes will for the first time in the
John W. Burgess ; “George Washington, and English language deal readably and author-
Other American Addresses,” by Mr. Frederic itatively with its deeply interesting subject.
Harrison ; the concluding volume of “ A His- Finally, we can name the titles only of such
“
tory of Scotland,” by Mr. Andrew Lang; books as Mr. Edmund Gosse’s “ Hypolymia, or
“ Historic Towns of the Western States, The Gods in the Island,” Mr. Richard Garnett's
edited by Mr. Lyman P. Powell; and many “Essays of an Ex-Librarian," a new volume
new volumes in the standard series.
of essays by Mr. Augustine Birrell, Professor
One of the most noticeable features of this Henry A. Beers’s “ History of English Roman-
year's list is found in the extraordinary num- ticism in the Nineteenth Century," Captain
ber and variety of reprints of the best literature Sir Richard F. Burton's “Wanderings in
of the past. In spite of the seeming craze for Three Continents," and the late Benjamin
new books, and the unprecedented sales of the Harrison's “ Views of an Ex-President."
popular fiction of the day, the evidence grows Coming last of all to poetry and fiction, we
stronger every year that bookbuyers are turn- note under the former category only one book
ing more and more in the direction of good that can be safely taken beforeband as a con-
standard literature, and are creating a demand tribution to the permanent treasures of the
for reprints that makes this field of bookmaking language. That book is Mr. W. E. Henley's
one of the safest as well as one of the most “ Hawthorn and Lavender,” a volume of lyrics
profitable in which the publisher of taste and that will be sure to have the true singing qual-
discernment can work. Here are a few titles ity. On the other hand, the promised output
that fill us with pleasurable anticipations: of novels seems to include more interesting
“ Colonial Prose and Poetry," in three volumes, titles than we remember to have seen brought
edited by Messrs. W. P. Trent and B. W. together at one time. Here, indeed, the hope-
Wells ; a “ Temple” Balzac, in forty volumes; less pature of our task becomes most evident, ,
a “Temple” Brontë, in twelve volumes; Lane's for who shall say in advance what successes
“ Arabian Nights,” in six volumes ; an edition are to be soored by the fiction of the year ?
of Samuel Richardson, in twenty volumes ; a Confining ourselves to well-known writers, we
“ Temple” Bible, in twenty-four volumes; a will at least mention a few books that can be
new edition of Mr. Forman's Keats, in five bought on faith and on the reputation of their
volumes ; a new Dickens, in twenty-nine vol- predecessors. Here is the random list : “ The
umes; a new Carlyle, in twenty-six volumes ; | Right of Way,” by Mr. Gilbert Parker ;
and several new editions each of Scott, Shake- “Some Women I Have Known,” by “Maarten
speare, and Dumas. After all, these are the Maartens"; "The Secret Orchard," by Mr.
“
books that one places upon the shelves of his and Mrs. Egerton Castle; “New Canterbury
library with the greatest satisfaction.
Tales,” by Mr. Maurice Hewlett; “A Maid
A few miscellaneous announcements, which of Venice,” by Mr. F. Marion Crawford ; “ The
we cannot refrain from mentioning, may be Cavalier,” by Mr. George W. Cable; “Kim,"
brought together in a paragraph. “More Let- by Mr. Rudyard Kipling; “Tristram of
ters of Edward FitzGerald” will delight thou- Blent," by Anthony Hope”;" Circumstance,"
“
sands of refined readers. Mr. W. C. Brownell by Dr. S. Weir Mitchell; and “Count Hanni-
will have a volume of essays on
6. Victorian bal," by Mr. Stanley J. Weyman.
a


1901.)
175
THE DIAL
many mod-
Browning is abundantly represented, but again
THREE LYRICAL ANTHOLOGIES.
dramatic narrative takes the place of those pieces
Shortly before his death Francis Turner Palgrave where with intensity of pathos Browning atones, if
put forth the fifth book of “The Golden Treasury," at all, for a lack of simplicity and sensuousness.
thus completing, as far as he could do, a work which "Evelyn Hope," I should say, is worth half the
has had more influence on recent English literature things quoted. Specifically, Browning is hardly a
than almost any other book. The determination poet at all, though a subtle and stimulating intel-
of poetry to the lyric form was probably decided lect. Had he gone in for law, he would have been
before. Burns, Wordsworth, Shelley, Tennyson, the greatest special pleader in England; had he
and Poe, the great influences, were lyric; democ- entered the Church, he might have become the
racy, with its dispersion, its lack of criticism, was Head Master of the Jesuits. There is a good deal
lyric; even science, with its denial of design, its of Barnes and Clare, who were especial pets of Pal-
reference of the frame of things to spontaneous grave's. Their poems hardly seem to me more than
genesis, was lyric. Everything thus held together, pretty. David Gray, who is not admitted, had
and Palgrave's book came at the right moment to probably a more intense gift than either. One of
fix the tendency to regard the Song as the highest, the surprises of the book is the prominence given
almost the only, form of poetry. It was perhaps a to O'Shaughnessy. By one of Palgrave's most
necessary phase of human thought, though it will felicitous touches of arrangement, his best poem
be a pity if it becomes permanent. With the Greek opens the section, and gives a promise hardly ful-
anthology, Greek literature practically came to an filled by the rest of his work, which has a delicate
end. But the poets of Alexandria did not claim etheriality suggestive of both Shelley and Poe, but
equality with the great Athenians. They were full far inferior to either.
of admiration for them. Even the immodest Mar- All in all, the “Golden Treasury” is a wonder-
tial, in late Roman literature, only put forth a ful book. Using the poems of others, Palgrave
modest claim for the short
poem.
But
has made a mosaic of his own a work of design
ern lyric poets, and the critics who aid and abet and creative art. Many other collections exist
them, are of a different mind. They claim for which contain the same poems and masses of equal
their song a unity, an intensity, and a perfection work. But in all these the pieces are ill-arranged ;
denied to other kinds of literature. Certainly they they are chaotically heaped; they swear at each
are wrong. No lyric in existence has the unity, other; they have no general effect. But in Pal-
the totality of impression, of the great dramas and grave's work, so true is the tone from beginning to
poems. As for intensity, there are single moments end, so absolute the harmony, that the poems help
in Dante or Shakespeare which outblaze all the each other with reflected lustre; they deepen each
lyric poetry of the world. Among mountains the other's notes with choral echo. This effect has been
greatest masses push up the highest peaks. In produced by ruthless suppression of much of the
execution alone, in splendor of music and phrase, mightiest lyric poetry of the language. Palgrave
can lyric poetry vie with the blank verse of our knew what he was about, and sacrificed without
best poets. Aristotle demanded “a certain magni- pity, especially in the earlier editions of his book,
tude” for literary greatness, and he ignored lyric many a piece whose brilliancy or whose glare would
"
verse: “nor am I confident he erred.” But the have thrown his general sober coloring out, as he
deed is done; modern poetry is overwhelmingly did many a one whose elemental power would have
lyrical, and it is worth while to try to assess some been dissonance in his cultured orchestra. The
of the results.
fierce expressions of love, of revolt, of despair,-
We open the lately-added fifth book of Palgrave's ecstatic visions or opium dreams,— nothing of these
“Golden Treasury” expecting to find Tennyson is here. And what is the result ? The book brings
enthroned supreme; and the surprise is great when up before us a perfect image of that England which
we discover Arnold usurping the seat of rule. The we all keep in our thoughts — the image of a land
number of lines quoted from each is about the same, of rich woods and long-tamed fields, of flowery
but it is impossible not to feel that the weight and hedges and rose-fronted cottages, of war-cradled
power is with Arnold. Tennyson's shorter bursts castles and pensive homes of fame.
No stain is on
of keen and piercing song are fairly quoted, but the picture, which is one of ordered splendor and
not his rich earlier music; and it would seem that secluded peace.
Palgrave had deliberately set aside his most massy Turn now to the " Treasury of Irish Poetry,"
and profound pieces. “The Palace of Art," " In edited by Mr. Stopford A. Brooke and Mr. T. W.
Memoriam," "Maud," the Duke of Wellington ode, Rolliston. Everything that is wanting in Palgrave's
have no place. Instead of these, Palgrave gives volume is here. The Celtic madness and the Celtic
the later ballads, dramatic realizations of eccentric inspiration — the glamor of a ghostly past, the
character or embodiments of pathetic themes. With bloodthirsty cry of exultation, the wail of defeat,
the exception of “Rizpah," these hardly seem to me the farewell of exile — revolt and fury and fun
of sufficient importance to shoulder aside the more all these are here. Comparing the two books, one
exclusively lyrical work of a great lyrical poet. might almost say that Ireland has been in a spirit-
a


176
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
9
-
poet a madinite, deplorable
-
ual as well as a physical sense the breakwater of Even James Clarence Mangan, the greatest
England; that the force of the ocean of passion name in modern Irish poetry, is not a stylist in the
and the fury of the storms of thought had been sense of mastery of vivid words, but he is second
expended upon it, leaving the English spirit to ride only to Poe in richness of rhythm, haunting melo-
at anchor in the calm beyond. Palgrave could not dy, and the power of total effect. “My Dark Ros-
have admitted “The Jolly Beggars,” but “The aleen," "Karaman," "A Vision of Connaught,
Night Before Larry was Stretched” is a matter of “Gone in the Wind,” - these and
many
others are
course in the Irish Anthology. Yet, the purity of potent and overwhelming poems. They demand
the Celtic poetry is notable. Archness and gal- to be read aloud, to be chanted, and, like certain
lantry there is in plenty, but no taint of sensuality. strains of music, they almost compel the listener to
The Irish Celt is an idealist, while his Scottish rise to his feet — to dance, to express in motion the
brother and his Saxon foe are both liable to lapses feelings they convey.
of the flesh which often make their song defiant of Emotion, then, rather than intellect, is the mark
decency.
of Irish verse.
From the Street Ballads, through
We have heard a good deal of the Celtic Revi- Tom Moore, Lover, Callanan, Gerald Griffin, Sir
val recently, and have had perhaps a dim suspicion Samuel Ferguson, Aubrey de Vere, and Graves,
that the young leaders of this movement belonged down to the younger men and women of to-day,
to the amiable body of Log-Rollers. It was Mat- Irish poetry cries, laughs, threatens, despairs, in
thew Arnold who, more than anyone else, revealed verse which is the very echo of the meaning. A
to them the genius of their race; and they have sense of the contrast between Ireland's romantic
been making some rather unfounded claims based past and its deplorable present is always in the
upon his criticism. Take, for example, the matter
may
be. No literature is
of style — of natural magic in expression. Judg- so affectionately national. And no literature, it is
ing from Messrs. Brooke and Rolliston's selections, to be feared, ever effected so little practically.
I should say that with a single astounding excep- Ossian's Celt, “who always went out to fight, but
tion the modern Irish poets fail in the very quality who always fell,” seems the permanent type.
which Arnold indicated by that term, and which he It is refreshing to have left in the world a race
thought entered into English poetry from Celtic which knows nothing about common sense, but
sources. English poetry tends to the pictorial, Irish which, at least, has never mistaken the glint of the
to