433 The University of Cbicago Libraries I Cilili Cali C100 na latit ܬܬ ܝܬ ܬܚܠܚ ܚܗܠܠܒܕ ܢܬܢܛ ܠ £" ** ܢܠܐܐܥܬܪܝ ܪܬܐ܂ uc THE DIAL A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information VOLUME XXXIV. JANUARY 1 TO JUNE 16, 1903 CHICAGO THE DIAL COMPANY, PUBLISHERS 1903 D. ن : 7 م ه . . 218296 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INDEX TO VOLUME XXXIV. PAGE AMERICAN BOOKS 5 AMERICAN EMPIRE, TAE James Oscar Pierce . 42 AMERICAN REVOLUTION, SOME DARKER PHASES OF THE Francis Wayland Shepardson . 338 AMERICAN STAGE, FIFTY YEARS OF THE Ingram A. Pyle 116 BIOGRAPHER, THE DIVERSIONS OF A Clark S. Northup 235 BIRDS, WESTERN, A HANDBOOK OF Sara A. Hubbard 82 BIRD-BOOKS, A QUARTETTE OF Sara A. Hubbard 362 BJÖRNSONIANA . 37 BOWITCH, DR., OF MASSACHUSETTS Annie Russell Marble 197 CAMBRIDGE MODERN HISTORY, THE E. D. Adams 306 CHARLES II., AT THE COURT OF Percy F. Bicknell 44 CHICAGO ORCHESTRA, THE 325 CHICAGO SCHOOLS, LEGISLATION FOR THE 109 Civic SPIRIT, THE NEW Garrett P. Wyckoff 333 CONSTABLE AND HIS INFLUENCE Henry C. Payne 117 D'ANNUNZIO, POET AND PLAYWRIGHT H. D. Sedgwick, Jr. 7 DARWIN LETTERS, MORE T. D. A. Cockerell 329 DEMOCRACY AND POLITICAL PARTIES Edwin Burritt Smith 193 EDUCATION, SOME RECENT BOOKS ON Henry Davidson Sheldon 273 EMERSON AS A PUBLIC SPEAKER Annie Russell Marble 327 ENGLAND, THE MONARCH IN E. D. Adams 398 ENGLISH CLASSIC, A NEGLECTED Percy F. Bicknell 393 ENGLISH SOCIETY UNDER THE GEORGES Percy F. Bicknell 231 FAME, POSTHUMOUS AND CONTEMPORARY 229 FICTION, RECENT William Morton Payne 85, 240, 371 FINLAND, A NEW BOOK ABOUT Laurence M. Larson 236 FRENCH ENGRAVERS OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY Frederick W. Gookin 332 FRENCH REVOLUTION, A JOURNALIST OF THE Henry E. Bourne 83 GARDENS, ENGLISH AND TUSCAN Alice Morse Earle 147 GARDENS AND GARDEN-BLOOMS Alice Morse Earle 360 GERMAN LITERATURE, A New HISTORY OF Lewis A. Rhoades 12 GERMAN PUBLISHER, A GREAT W. H. Carruth 302 HARTE, FRANCIS BRET. Percy F. Bicknell 298 HERRINGS AND BOOKS 139 INDUSTRY AND SOCIETY, PROBLEMS OF Frank L. McVey 307 IRON CHANCELLOR AGAIN. THE . Percy F. Bicknell 143 ITALIAN RENAISSANCE IN ENGLAND, THE Mary Augusta Scott . 266 * JOHN INGLESANT,” THE AUTHOR OF 187 KELLER, HELEN, THE STORY OF Joseph Jastrow 271 LETTER-WRITERS, A QUEEN OF Percy F. Bicknell 264 LIBRARY ENTERPRISES MODERN William Howard Brett 75 LIBRARIES AND SCHOOLS 73 LINCOLN LITERATURE, OUTLINE OF Lina Brown Reed 189 LITERATURE, RECENT TEXTS IN William Morton Payne . 269 LONDON, BESANT'S EIGHTEENTH CENTURY Arthur Howard Noll 400 LOWELL ON HUMAN LIBERTY Wallace Rice 14 MARTINEAU, JAMES Percy F. Bicknell MAXIMS, A MASTER OF Charles Leonard Moore . 293 MEN OF LETTERS. MORE William Morton Payne . 145 MEXICO, REMOTE REGIONS AND PEOPLES OF Arthur Howard Noll 198 MILTON, A ROMANCE ASCRIBED TO Frederic Ives Carpenter 238 MONTAIGNE, A NEW H. W. Boynton 337 MORALITY PLAY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLISH DRAMA Florence H. Harvey 296 MORMONISM AND ITS FOUNDER W. H. Carruth 16 MÜLLER, Max, LIFE AND LETTERS OF James Taft Hatfield 334 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . و در این iv. INDEX. PAGE . Ingram A. Pyle William J. Long Percy F. Bicknell W. H. Johnson Edith Granger . . Music, RECENT BOOKS ON NATURE AND Books . NATURALIST, LITERARY ESSAYS OF A NEGRO, THE CASE OF THE New YORK: PAST AND PRESENT Novels, NoTES ON NEW NOVELIST, A SECOND RATE POE's PLACE AS A CRITIC POET, A RE-DISCOVERED POETRY, RECENT RELIGION FROM VARIOUS POINTS OF VIEW SCOTTISH GOWRIE MYSTERY, THE SHAKESPEARE AND VOLTAIRE . SOCIAL PROBLEMS, VARIOUS SOCIAL UNREST, THE SOCIOLOGY: PRACTICAL AND THEORETICAL SOUTH AFRICAN STRUGGLE, ECHOES FROM THE SPIRITUALISM, MODERN STATESMAN, A TIME-SERVING " THOREAU, FRIEND OF TRAMPS AND CAMPS AFIELD TRAVELS FAR AND NEAR . TREES AND SHRUBS, BOOKS ABOUT TROLLOPE, ANTHONY, THE RE-COMING OF TRUST, DISCUSSIONS OF THE WALL STREET AND ITS WORK YEARS, THE Two Lost 150 357 113 299 202 374 391 111 395 18 46 114 199 402 233 119 39 79 78 40 365 368 366 141 149 401 261 Charles Leonard Moore . W. D. MacClintock William Morton Payne T. D. A. Cockerell W. H. Carruth Arthur G. Canfield T. D. A. Cockerell John J. Halsey T. D. A. Cockerell Wallace Rice Joseph Jastrow Percy F. Bicknell Annie Russell Marble Wallace Rice Charles Atwood Kofoid Edith Kellogg Dunton M. F. Frank W. Blackmar Frank L. McVey . . . . ANNOUNCEMENTS OF SPRING Books, 1903 207 Books FOR SUMMER READING, LIST OF ONE HUNDRED 379 BRIEFS ON NEw Books 25, 48, 89, 122, 153, 203, 244, 275, 309, 339, 403 BRIEFER MENTION 51, 92, 125, 156, 206, 278, 312, 343, 406 NOTES 27, 52, 93, 126, 157, 214, 247, 279, 313, 343, 378, 407 TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS 28, 95, 158, 247, 314, 380 LIST OF New Books 29, 53, 95, 126, 158, 248, 279, 315, 344, 380, 408 . • AUTHORS AND TITLES OF BOOKS REVIEWED PAGE PAGE Abbot, W. J. American Ships and Sailors.... 89 Abruzzi, Duke of the. Farther North than Nansen 371 “A. C. M.” Reflections of a Lonely Man. 340 Adam, Madam. Romance of My Childhood and Youth.. 125 Adamson, J. E. Theory of Education in Pla- to's “Republic". 274 Aguilar, Grace. The Vale of Cedars. 214 Akers, Elizabeth. The Sunset Song. 21 Alcock, A. A Naturalist in Indian Seas.. 369 Allen, P. S., and Hatfield, J. T. Diary of Wil- helm Müller... 312 Altsheler, Joseph A. Before the Dawn. 372 Apthorp, W. F. Fifty Songs by Franz....... 343 Arber, Edward. An English Garner, new edi- tion 407 Askham, Richard. Moods and Outdoor Verses 24 Austen, Jane, Novels of, in Macmillan's Il- lustrated Pocket Classics. 126 Austin, Alfred. A Tale of True Love. 23 Austin, Alfred. Haunts of Ancient Peace.. 25 Austin, Martha W. Veronica.. 242 Avary, Myrta L. A Virginia Girl in the Civil War 275 Babcock, William H. Kent Fort Manor. 377 Bacheller, Irving. Darrel of the Blessed Isles 374 Bailey, Florence M. Birds of the Western United States. 82 Bailey, Liberty H. The Nature-Study Idea... 405 Baker, E. A. Descriptive Guide to Best Fic- tion 314 Barbour, A. M. At the Time Appointed. 375 Baring, Maurice. The Black Prince.. 309 Barry, William. The Papal Monarchy.. 342 Bartnett, Harriet. Angelo the Musician. 377 Bayne, S. G. On an Irish Jaunting Car. 371 Beddard, A. P., and others. Practical Phys- iology 279 Begley, Walter. Nova Solyma. 238 Bell, James Joy. Wee MacGreegor. 376 “Bell's Miniature Series of Painters”. 93, 215 Benson, B. K. Old Squire.... 375 Besant, Sir Walter. No Other Way. 86 Besant, Walter. London in the Eighteenth Century 400 Betham-Edwards, Miss. East of Paris. 370 Betts, Lillian W. Leaven in a Great City.... 27 Bibliographies of Special Subjects, List of.. 93 Bignell, Effie. My Woodland Intimates... 363 Binkley, Christian. Sonnets and Songs. 20 Bjerregaard, C. H. A. Sufi Interpretations of Omar 206 Blanc, Mme. A Typical American. 126 INDEX. V. PAGE PAGR 48 Blanchan, Neltje. How to Attract the Birds.. 51 Bolen, George L. Plain Facts as to Trusts... 149 Bolton, Charles K. The Private Soldier under Washington 26 Bonnell, H. H. Charlotte Brontë, George Eliot, Jane Austen.... 90 Bonnier, Charles. La Lignée des Poètes Fran- çais 215 “Bookman Biographies, The", 157 Booth, Arthur J. Trilingual Cuneiform In- scriptions 206 Bowditch, Vincent Y. Henry Ingersoll Bow- ditch 197 Bowen, W. E. Edward Bowen.. 155 Boyer, C. C. General History Way Marks... 93 Boynton, H. W. Martineau's Peasant and the Prince 52 Boynton, H. W. Pope's Poems, “Cambridge" edition 407 Brady, Cyrus T. The Bishop. 375 Brady, Cyrus T. The Southerners. 372 Brandes, Georg. The Reaction in France. 244 Bridge, James H. The Trust: Its Book. 150 Bridgman, Raymond L. Loyal Traitors. 243 Brooks, John Graham. The Social Unrest. 233 Brooks, Phillips. The Law of Growth. Brough, J. Study of Mental Science. 344 Brown, Alice. The Mannerings.. 374 Brown, Elmer E. Making of Our Middle Schools 273 Brown, M. S. Epoch-Making Papers in U. S. History 279 Browne, E. G. Literary History of Persia... 123 Buckham, James. Where Town and Country Meet 365 Burgess, Gelett. Romance of the Common- place 246 Burroughs, John. Literary Values. 113 “Burrows Brothers' Reprints”. 126 Butler, William F. Art of Living Long... 378 Cable, G. W. The Cavalier, “Julia Marlowe" edition 279 Campbell, Lewis. Selections from Jowett.. 157 Carling, John R. The Shadow of the Czar... Carlyle, Alexander. New Letters and Me morials of Jane Welsh Carlyle..... 264 Carlyle's Works, "Edinburgh” edition.. .94, 126 Carpenter, F. I. Wager's Mary Magdalene... 52 Castle, Agnes and Egerton. The Star Dreamer 373 "Caxton Series”.... ..94, 126, 407 Chadwick, John W. William Ellery Channing 339 Chamberlain, Montague. Nuttall's Manual of Birds 364 Chicago University Decennial Publications .93, 206, 215, 343, 378, 407 Chignell, Robert. Turner... 50 Chubb, Percival. Teaching of English. 51 Cleveland, F. A. Funds and their Uses. 215 "Cloister Library". 215 Cloud, Virginia W. A Reed by the River. 21 Clouston, J. Storer. Adventures of M. d'Har- icot 87 Collie, J. Norman. Climbing on the Himalaya 371 Cook, George Cram. Roderick Taliaferro.... 372 Cook, Mrs. E. T. Highways and Byways in London 278 Cooke, George Willis. Unitarianism in Amer- ica 206 Cooley, C. H. Human Nature and the Social Order 120 “Commonwealth Library” ..93, 279 Compayré, G. Development of the Child in Later Infancy.... 274 Cone, Orello. Rich and Poor in the New Testa- ment Corbin, John. A New Portrait of Shakespeare 403 “Coronet, A Doffed”. 87 Coubertin, P. de. La Chronique de France, 1902 344 Crandall, Floyd M. How to Keep Well. 407 Cramer, Frank. Talks to Students on the Art of Study... 274 Crawford, F. Marion. Cecilia. 88 D'Annunzio, G. Francesca da Rimini.. 52 Dahn, Felix. A Captive of the Roman Eagles 86 Dale, Lucy. English Constitutional History.. 276 Darwin, Francis, and Seward, A. C. More Let- ters of Darwin.... 329 Daskam, Josephine. Middle-Aged Love Stories 376 Davis, C. H. S. Greek and Roman Stoicism.. 312 De Garmo, Charles. Interest and Education.. 274 D'Esterre-Kieling, Elsa. Sir Joshua Reynolds 50 DeVinne, Theodore L. Title-pages.. 205 DeWet, Christiaan R. Three Years' War. 39 Dickens's Works, "Fireside” edition.... 344 Dilke, Lady. French Engravers and Draughts- men 332 Dixon, Thomas, Jr. The Leopard's Spots.... 301 Dobell, Bertram. Poems of Thomas Traherne 395 Dobson, Austin. Samuel Richardson... 146 Donner, H. M. English Lyrics of a Finnish Harp 24 Doolittle, C. L. Results of Observations at Flower Observatory.. 378 Dorsey, G. A., and Voth, H. R. Mishongnovi Ceremonies 93 Dowden, Edward. Shakespeare's Works. . 279, 343 Drummond, James. Life and Letters of Mar- tineau 10 DuBois, W. E. B. Souls of Black Folk... 299 Dugmore, A. Radclyffe. Nature and the Cam- era 155 Eckenstein, Lina Albrecht Dürer... 406 Eeden, Frederik van. Deeps of Deliverance.. 85 Einstein, Lewis. Italian Renaissance in Eng- land 266 “Elizabeth's Children". 375 “Elizabethan Play, On Seeing a”. 279 Ellwanger, G. H. Love's Old Sweet Song. 313 Ely, Helena R. A Woman's Hardy Garden... 360 Ely, Richard T. The Coming City.. 333 Ervin, Dayton. The Hermitage. 20 Everett, C. C. Immortality and Other Essays 124 Everett, C. C. Psychological Elements of Re- ligious Faith.. 46 "Everyman," Fox-Duffield reprint. 344 Ewing, Thomas, Jr. Jonathan. 309 Fernow, Bernard E. Economics of Forestry.. 155 Firth, J. B. Augustus Cæsar. 406 Fisher, Sydney G. True American Revolution 338 Fiske, John. Cosmic Philosophy, new edition 215 Fitz Gerald's Works, definitive edition de luxe 204 Fitzherbert, S. W. Book of the Wild Garden.. 361 Flint, Annie. A Girl of Ideas... 377 Ford, James L. and Mary K. Every Day in the Year.... 157 Forman, Justus M. The Garden of Lies. 87 Fountain, Paul. Great Mountains and Forests of South America.. 371 Frederiksen, N. C. Finland.. 236 Freeman, James E. If Not the Saloon-What? 403 Furness, H. H., Jr. “Variorum" Macbeth, re- vised edition.. 278 George, A. J. Select Poems of Coleridge. 94 Ghent, W. J. Our Benevolent Feudalism. 121 Gilder, Joseph P. The American Idea.... 52 Gilman, D. C., and others. New International Encyclopædia 48 Goepp, Philip H. Symphonies and their Mean- ing, second series... 151 87 48 vi. INDEX. 86 PAGE Going, Maud. With the Trees.... 367 Goodloe, Carter. Calvert of Strathore.. 243 Goodyear, W. H. Architectural Refinements of St. Mark's.. 313 Gordon, Armistead C. The Gay Gordons. 313 Gordon, Charles. Old Bailey and Newgate... 156 Goschen, Viscount. George Joachim Goschen 302 Gould, George M. Biographic Clinics.. 205 “Gray, Maxwell.” Richard Rosny. 376 Greene, Henry Copley. Pontius Pilate.. 309 Greenslet, Ferris. Quest of the Holy Grail... 278 Griffis, W. E. Young People's History of Hol- land 314 Gulick, C. B. Life of the Ancient Greeks. 94 Gwynne, Paul. Pagan at the Shrine... 374 Hamilton-King, Harriet E. Hours of the Pas- sion .. 22 Hammond, W. A. Aristotle's Psychology. 277 Hapgood, Isabel F. Russian Literature. 215 Hardy, Arthur Sherburne. His Daughter First 372 Harper, R. F. Assyrian and Babylonian Let- ters 215 Harris, Joel Chandler. Gabriel Tolliver. 243 Harrison, Frederic. John Ruskin..... 145 Harrison, J. A. Life and Letters of Poe.. 343 Hart, A. B. Essentials in History Series.. 157 Hart, A. B., and Chapman, Annie B. How Our Grandfathers Lived. 53 Harte, Bret. Trent's Trust.. 371 Havens, M. A. Walpole and the Strawberry Hill Press.. 145 Hayden, Eleanor G. From a Thatched Cot- tage 377 Haynie, Henry. Paris, Past and Present. 153 Hazlitt, William C. Essays of Montaigne. 337 Hearn, Lafcadio. Kotto. 154 Heilprin, Angelo. Mont Pelée... 245 Henley, W. E. Views and Reviews: Art. 203 Herford, Brooke. Small End of Great Prob- lems 48 Hertwig, Richard. Manual of Zoölogy. 94 Higginson, Ella. Mariella, of Out-West... 241 Higginson, Thomas W. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 146 Higginson, Thomas W. John Greenleaf Whit- tier 146 Hill, A. S. Beginnings of Rhetoric. 313 Holden, Edward S. The Sciences. 407 Holme, Charles. Corot and Millet. 125 Holme, Charles. Representative Art of Our Time 312 Holmes, Burton, Lectures of. 311 Holmes, C. J. Constable and his Influence... 117 "Home and School Library”. 313 "Hope, Anthony." The Intrusions of Peggy.. 86 "Hope, Graham.” Triumph of Count Oster- mann 373 Hope, Laurence. India's Love Lyrics. 24 Hoppin, J. M. Great Epochs in Art History, second edition... 343 Hotchkiss, Chauncy C. For a Maiden Brave.. 243 Housman, Laurence, Bethlehem. 309 Howard, James Q. History of Louisiana Pur- chase 27 Howe, Daniel Wait. Civil War Times. 275 Hughes, R. E. Making of Citizens... 274 Hughes, Rupert. The Whirlwind.. 89 Humphreys, A. L. A Garland of Love. 157 Hunt, Gaillard. Life of Madison.. 341 Hutton, Edward. Italy and the Italians. 239 Hutton, Laurence. Literary Landmarks of Ox- ford. 341 "Industrial Conciliation' 308 Innes, J. H. New Amsterdam and Its People. 202 Jackson, Helen Hunt. Glimpses of California 26 PAGE James, Henry. The Better Sort.. 374 Janvier, T. A. Christmas Kalends of Prov- ence 246 Jekyll, Gertrude, and Mawley, Edward. Roses for English Gardens... 147 Jerrold, Walter. Thackeray's Works..53, 279, 343 Johnson, Robert Underwood. Poems.. 19 Jordan, David S. Blood of the Nation. 154 Jordan, David S. Philosophy of Despair..... 154 Kavana, Rose M., and Beatty, Arthur. Compo- sition and Rhetoric. 126 Kearton, Richard. White's Selborne.. 378 Keats's Poems, Newnes's thin-paper edition... 94 Keeler, Charles. San Francisco and There- about 157 Keeler, Harriet L. Our Northern Shrubs. 366 Keller, Helen. Story of My Life.... 271 Kelly, R. Talbot. Egypt..... 368 Kemp, E. W. History for Graded and Dis- trict Schools 94 Kimball, Gertrude S. Correspondence of Rhode Island Governors.. 312 King, H. C. Theology and the Social Con- sciousness 47 Knapp, Adeline. Story of the Philippines.. 343 Kroeger, Alice B. Guide to Reference Books 94 Kruger, Paul, Memoirs of.... 39 Landor, A. Henry Savage. Across Coveted Lands ... 368 Lang, Andrew. James VI. and the Gowrie Mystery 114 Lang, Andrew. The Disentanglers. Lanier, Clifford. Apollo and Keats on Brown- ing 19 Larmor, Joseph. Scientific Writings of G. F. FitzGerald 401 Larned, J. N. Primer of Right and Wrong... 157 Laut, A. C. Story of the Trapper... 244 Lawrence, William. Phillips Brooks. 277 Lawrence, William. Roger Wolcott. 49 Lawson, Ellsworth. From the Unvarying Star 375 Lawton, W. C. Introduction to American Lit- erature 269 Lee, Gerald S. Lost Art of Reading. 92 Lee, Sidney. Queen Victoria. 398 Lehmann, Lilli. How to Sing.. 151 Lewis, E. H. First Manual of Composition, new edition 52 Liljencrantz, Ottilie A. Ward of King Canute 372 Lindsay, Lady. A Christmas Posy.. 23 Linn, William A. Horace Greeley. 342 Linn, William A. Story of the Mormons. 16 Lodge, Henry Cabot. A Fighting Frigate... 153 Lord, J. K. Atlas of the Ancient World... 52 Lounsbury, Thomas R. Shakespeare and Vol- taire 199 Lowell, J. R., Anti-Slavery Papers of. 14 Lubbock, Basil. Round the Horn before the Mast 215 Lucas, F. A. Animals before Man in North America 52 Lumholtz, Carl. Unknown Mexico. 198 Luther, Mark Lee. The Henchman. 88 Lyall, Sir Alfred. Alfred Tennyson.. 145 Lyman, O. L. Trail of the Grand Seigneur.. Lynde, Francis. The Master of Appleby.. 89 McCarthy, Justin. Reign of Queen Anne. 90 McChesney, Dora G. Cornet Strong. 373 McCrady, Edward. South Carolina in the Rev- olution 155 McCutcheon, J. T. Cartoons. 343 MacGillivray, E. J. Law of Copyright. 49 McGovern, John. Poems.... 20 Mackaye, Percy. The Canterbury Pilgrims... 309 Mackenzie, W. D. John Mackenzie.. 277 ... 377 INDEX. vii. PAGE PAGE 89 "Macmillan's Pocket English Classics”. .....93, 157 279 McMurray, C. A., and F. M. Method of Reci- tation, new edition.. 275 McMurry, Charles. Special Method in Reading 275 Mallet, Bernard. Mallet du Pan.. 83 Manley, W. G. Ithaca or Leucas?. 313 Manson, James A. Landseer.. 50 Marriott, Charles. Love with Honour.. 86 Marvin, Winthrop L. American Merchant Marine 89 Mason, Daniel G. From Grieg to Brahms. 150 Masters, Edgar Lee. Maximilian.. 309 Mattos, A. T. de. Chateaubriand's Memoirs.. 311 Maxwell, Sir Herbert. Romney.. 50 May, T. H. Delabère. Virgil's Æneid.. 206 Mead, E. D. Sumner's Addresses on War. 52 Menefee, Maud. Ceres and Persephone.. 214 Merejkowski, Dmitri. Tolstoi... 310 Milburn, Lucy McD. Lost Letters from Lesbos 49 Millard, Bailey. Songs of the Press.. 20 Miller, Alice Duer, The Modern Obstacle. 375 Miller, Olive Thorne. True Bird Stories.. 363 Mills, W. Jay. Glimpses of Colonial Society.. 340 Moore, Aubertine W. For Every Music Lover 152 Morris, William. Architecture, Industry, and Wealth 404 Mowry, W. A. Territorial Growth of the U. S. 51 Müller, Mrs. Max. Life and Letters of Max Müller 334 Murray, Gilbert. Selections from Euripides.. 313 National Educational Proceedings for 1902.... 93 Newton, John. Captain John Brown. 156 Nichols, Rose Standish. English Pleasure Gardens 50 Worris, Frank. The Pit.. 242 Older, Mrs. Fremont. Socialist and the Prince 242 Oman, Charles. History of Peninsular War.. 123 Oman, C. W. C. Seven Roman Statesmen.. 51 Oppenheim, E. Phillips, The Traitors. 374 Ostrogorski, M. Democracy and the Organiza- tion of Political Parties.... 193 Paget, Stephen. Experiments on Animals, re- vised edition... 215 Pallen, Condé Benoist. Death of Sir Launcelot 19 Palmer, Alice Freeman: In Memoriam.... 344 Palmer, Alice Freeman, Memorial Volume of.. 344 Pancoast, Henry S. Standard English Prose. 271 Paris, Gaston, Mediæval French Literature.... 247 Parkhurst, H. E. Trees, Shrubs, and Vines.. 367 Parrott, T. M., and Long, A. W. English Poems 313 Paston, George. Side Lights on Georgian Period 231 Pattee, Fred Lewis. Poems of Freneau. 405 Patten, Simon N. Heredity and Social Prog- ress 403 Patterson, Annie W. Story of Oratorio. 152 Peake, Elmore E. Pride of Tellfair. 243 Pemberton, Max. The Gold Wolf... 373 Pemberton, T. Edgar. Bret Harte. 298 Perry, Bliss. Study of Prose Fiction. 271 Perry, Walter Copland. Boy's Iliad. 157 Petano, D. K. Pensées from Amiel. 407 Peters, Carl Eldorado of the Ancients. 369 Peters, J. P. Capital and Labor. 307 Phillimore, John S. Sophocles... 157 Pitman, Leila W. Stories of Old France.. 214 Podmore, Frank. Modern Spiritualism. 79 Porter, Charlotte, and Clarke, Helen A. "First Folio" Shakespeare. .247, 313 Potter, H. C. Citizen in his Relations to the Industrial Situation.... 308 Powell, Frances. House on the Hudson. 373 Powell, F. York. Quatrains from Omar. 278 Powles, G. A. Oliver Langton..... Pratt, Sereno S. Work of Wall Street.. 401 Prichard, H. Hesketh. Through the Heart of Patagonia 369 Pugh, Edwin. The Stumbling Block... 377 Quinn, Arthur H. Faire Maide of Bristow. 52 Rae, W. Fraser. Sheridan's Plays..... 276 Reed, Fanny. Reminiscences.. 152 Ricketson, Anna and Walton. Daniel Ricket- son and his Friends.. 40 Riis, J. A. Battle with the Slum. 119 Riley,, F. L. Mississippi Historical Society Publications, Vol. VI.. 278 Riley, I. Woodbridge. Founder of Mormonism 16 Roberts, Harry. The Tramp's Handbook.... 366 Robertson, John G. History of German Lit- erature 12 Robinson, Edwin Arlington Captain Craig.. 18 Robinson, James H. History of Western Europe 312 Robinson, L. G. Letters of Princess Lieven... 92 Robinson, W. S. Short History of Rome. 214 "Rochester and Other Literary Rakes". 44 Rogers, Julia Ellen. Among Green Trees. 156 Rolfe, W. J. Satchel Guide for 1903.. 206 Rolland, Romain. Millet. 406 Roscoe, E. S. Robert Harley. 78 Rose, John H. Carlyle's French Revolution.. 314 Roth, Filibert. First Book of Forestry...... 52 Rusling, James F. European Days and Ways 370 Sanborn, F. B. Personality of Emerson...... 309 Sanford, L. C., and others. The Water-fowl Family 405 Sargent, Charles S. Trees and Shrubs, 406 Sargent, Winthrop. Major Andrè, Abbatt's edition 310 Savage, Minot J. Can Telepathy Explain 246 Savage, Minot J. Men and Women.. 50 Schierbrand, Wolf von. Germany. 203 Scott, William E. D. Story of a Bird Lover.. 364 Scott, W. S. Keats' Poems, “Hampstead" edi- tion 94 Sears, Lorenzo. American Literature.. 270 Sedgwick, W. T. Principles of Sanitary Science 204 Seymour, Clara H. Masterpieces of Greek Lit- erature 92 Shorthouse, J. H. John Inglesant, edition de luxe 125 Sidgwick, Frank. Poetry of Wither.. 126 Sigerson, Dora. The Woman Who Went to Hell 22 Simonds, W. E. Student's History of English Literature 270 Simpson, Samuel. Life of Ulrich Zwingli.. 124 Spalding, John L. Socialism and Labor. 308 Spanuth, August. Twenty Compositions by Liszt 343 Spiller, Gustav. The Mind of Man. 25 Spofford, Harriet Prescott. The Great Pro- cession 21 Smith, Mrs. A. Murray. Roll-Call of Westmin- ster Abbey. 276 Snow, Alpheus H. Administration of Depen- dencies Sonnichsen, Albert. Deep Sea Vagabonds. 407 Southworth, Gertrude. Story of the Empire State 93 Stephen, Leslie. Studies of a Biographer, sec- ond series 235 Stevenson's Child's Garden, Rand-McNally edi- tion 279 Stevenson's Memories and Portraits, Turner's edition 344 “Stirling, Arthur, Journal of". 311 42 viii. INDEX. PAGB 23 62 "Bismarck 94 PAGE Stoddard, Charles Warren. Exits and En- trances 311 Stoddard, Charles W. In Footprints of the Padres 26 Stoddart, J. H. Recollections of a Player.... 116 Strachey, Lionel. Memoirs of a Contemporary 122 Street, Lilian. Song and Story.. Strong, Henry. Miscellanies. 26 Strong, Isobel, and Osbourne, Lloyd. Mem- ories of Vailima. 92 Stubbs, William. Historical Introductions to the Roll Series.. 52 Sudermann, H. The Joy of Living. Sully, James. Essay on Laughter. 122 “Temple Bible” .279, 378 "Temple Classics" .279, 343 “Texas State Historical Quarterly," Vol. V.... 125 Thomas, Edith M. The Dancers. 22 Thorpe, Francis N. Spoils of Empire. 376 Thurston, Katherine C. The Circle. 241 "Tilton, Dwight.” On Satan's Mount. 377 Tolman, A. H. Shakespeare's “Love's Labor Won". 93 Tolstoy, Leo. Resurrection, “Players' " edition 343 Townsend, Edward W. A Summer in New York 376 Train, George Francis. My Life.. 25 Triana, S. Pérez. Down the Orinoco in a Canoe 370 Trumbull, Annie Eliot. Life's Common Way 375 Turner, George K. The Taskmasters..... 88 "Tuscan Garden, In a”.. 148 Untersteiner, Alfredo. Short History of Music 91 Van Dyke, John C. Meaning of Pictures.... 406 Van Tyne, C. H. Loyalists in the Revolution. 339 Van Vorst, Mrs. John and Marie. The Woman Who Toils.. 402 Villari, Luigi. Italian Life in Town and Coun- try 91 Vincent, Leon H. Moliére. 215 Waite, Arthur S. Senancour's Obermann. 407 Wallace, Elizabeth. · La Perfecta Casada... 206 Walmsley, W. H. A B C of Photo-Micrography 52 Ward, A. W., and others. Cambridge Modern History, Vol. I.... 306 Ward, Mrs. Humphry. Lady Rose's Daughter. 241 Warvelle, Geo. W. Essays in Legal Ethics... 404 Watson, William. Selected Poems. 94 Webster, Henry K. Roger Drake. 243 Weed, Clarence M. The Flower Beautiful. 361 Weil, Althea. Story of Verona.... 125 Weld, Agnes Grace. Glimpses of Tennyson... 205 Wells, Philip P. Literature of American His- tory, 1901-2.. 91 Wendell, Barrett. Ralegh in Guiana. 309 Whiting, Charles G. Walks in New England 365 Whiting, Lilian. Boston Days.. 124 Whitman, Sidney. Personal Reminiscences of 143 Whitson, John H. Barbara. 374 "Who's Who" for 1903. Wiggin, Kate D., and Smith, Nora A. The Posy Ring 313 Wilcock, John. The Great Marquess. 246 Williams, Churchill. The Captain. 376 Williams, G. F. Diamond Mines of South Africa 123 Williams, J. R. Academic Honors in Princeton 125 Wilkins, Mary E. The Wind in the Rose Bush 376 Wilson, D. M. Where American Independence Began 245 Wilson, Rufus R. New York, old and New.. 202 Wodehouse, Hon. Mrs. Matthew Arnold's Notebooks.. 156 Woodberry, George E. Nathaniel Hawthorne 147 Woodburn, James A. The American Republic 215 Woodburn, J. A. Political Parties and Party Problems 378 Wood, Frederick, Government and the State 90 Woods, Margaret L. Princess of Hanover.... 309 Woods, Robert A. Americans in Process. 403 Woolley, Celia Parker. The Western Slope... 342 Wright, C. D. Ethical Phases of the Labor Question 308 Wright, J. H. Masterpieces of Greek Litera- ture 92 Wynne, Da und Bath a. 309 Zola, Emile. Truth... 240 Zueblin, Charles. American Municipal Prog- ress 333 MISCELLANEOUS "Blizzard,” Origin of (Albert Matthews). 263 Catherwood, Mary Hartwell, Death of... 28 "Everlasting Pyramids," The (Samuel Wil- lard) 297 Emerson Centenary, The.. 191 Emerson Memorial School, Programme of. 314 Fox, Duffield & Co., Incorporation of... 279 Lamb Manuscripts in America (E. V. Lucas). "Library, The," American edition. 378 Peabody, Dr. Selim Hobart, Death of. 360 Nelson & Sons and E. & J. B. Young & Co., Amalgamation of... 157 Poe and Aristotle (John Albee) 192 "Printing Art, The". 215 Rhythmic Pause in Verse (Condé Benoist Pallen) 77 Stanley, Hiram M., Death of.. 279 Stoddard, Richard Henry, Death of... 378 Thoreau, Ricketson's Sketch of (Annie Rus- sell Marble).. 77 10 THE E D DIAL ر ز في ان A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. EDITED BY FRANEOSTER ROWNE.} Volume XXXIV. No. 397. CHICAGO, JAN. 1, 1903. 10 ets. a copy. | FINE ARTS BUILDING. 203 Michigan Blvd. 82. a year. SOME OF THE IMPORTANT BOOKS ISSUED DURING 1902 BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY PUBLISHERS ON HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY ADAMS, BROOKS. English Men of Letters HENDERSON, ERNEST F., The New Empire Lecturer at Wellesley College. EDITED BY JOHN MORLEY. A Short History of Germany By the Author of "The Law of Civil- Matthew Arnold ization and Decay," etc. $1.50 net. By the Author of "A History of Ger- By HERBERT W. PAUL. many of the Middle Ages." 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JAN. 1, 1903. Vol. XXXIV. our concern, not so much to attract his atten- tion to our literature, as to turn that attention CONTENTS. in the right direction. To the British or other foreigner looking for guidance in this matter of AMERICAN BOOKS 5 appreciation we should like to recommend a D'ANNUNZIO, POET AND PLAYWRIGHT. reading of the symposium, “ The Most Amer- H. D. Sedgwick, Jr. 7 ican Books” which was published not long ago COMMUNICATION . 10 in our valued contemporary, “The Outlook.” . Lamb Manuscripts in America. E. V. Lucas. What is an American book? was the question JAMES MARTINEAU. Percy F. Bicknell 10 set to be answered by a number of thoughtful A NEW HISTORY OF GERMAN LITERATURE. students of our literature, and the opinions Lewis A. Rhoades 12 given prove extremely interesting, both intrin- LOWELL ON HUMAN LIBERTY. Wallace Rice. 14 sically and because of their essential agree- MORMONISM AND ITS FOUNDER. W. H. Carruth 16 ment. RECENT POETRY. William Morton Payne 18 The question raised, it will be noticed, is not Robinson's Captain Craig. - Lanier's Apollo and of the best books produced in America, but of Keats on Browning. Johnson's Poems. — Pal- the books that are the most distinctively repre- len's The Death of Sir Launcelot. - John Mc- sentative of American life and thought. No Govern's Poems. -- Ervin's The Hermitage. Binkley's Sonnets and Songs for a House of Days. doubt the two categories have much in common, - Millard's Songs of the Press. — Mrs. Akers's but they will also diverge widely at several The Sunset Song. – Mrs. Spofford's The Great Procession. — Miss Cloud's A Reed by the River. points. We think, for example, of Poe, Cooper, Miss Thomas's The Dancers. — Mrs. Hamilton- and Irving. They are among the best of our King's The Hours of the Passion. Mrs. Shorter's The Woman Who Went to Hell. - Lady Lindsay's writers, but may we say that they are typically A Christmas Posy. – Miss Street's Song and Story. American in their spirit ? With respect to Poe – Austin's A Tale of True Love. — Askham's the answer is quite clear that, as Professor Moods and Outdoor Verses. - Donner's English Lyrics of a Finnish Harp. - Hope's India's Love Dowden puts it, he would have differed little Lyrics. from his actual self had be been born on an BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS 25 Irish hillside or in a German forest, or in any Citizen Train's story of his life. -An original psy- ultimate dim Thule, where it was possible for chology. – The outing of a poet laureate. — A vol- a dexterous brain to rehandle the suggestions ume of literary miscellanies. — The old missions of California. — The revolutionary rank and file. of a subtle imagination." In the case of Amelioration of city slums. — Ill-advised American Cooper, there is a marked diversity of view. history. He was American in his themes (for the most NOTES part), and this seems to justify Professor TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS 27 Woodberry in saying that Cooper has given us LIST OF NEW BOOKS 28 “the ideal type of the pioneer, of the white man in romantic contact with the wilderness, expanding into a new being and taking on a AMERICAN BOOKS. new form and opening up a new buman capa- The old scornful query, Who reads an Amer-bility in character.” But Dr. Hale, admitting ican book ? has long since lost whatever point the wide European acceptance of Cooper as a it had, for wherever the English language is typically American writer, is forced to almost read at all, the American contribution to Eng- exactly the opposite conclusion. 6 All the lish literature receives its full meed of attention same," he says, “ these novels are not really and appreciation. The foreigner's estimate of American, excepting that they tell about the comparative standing of our writers is Indians and trails and blazed trees and rifles There was no not always discriminating according to our own moment in Cooper's life when he would not standards. But we no longer have cause to have been pleased to be mistaken for an En- complain of his neglect, and it has now become glishman.” There is a somewhat similar dif- . . 26 . . sometimes a little puzzling, and his praise is and buckshot and moccasins. 6 (Jan. 1, THE DIAL > 66 ference of opinion in the case of Irving. Mr. political ends, nor is the work more loaded with Wister remarks that much of Irving could be dialect and contemporary detail than is cus- English,” and Professor Matthews thinks that, tomary in such compositions.” Of Whitman's with Cooper, he must be ruled out because we work, we are told by Professor Münsterberg can say no more for him than that he wrote 6 cer- that it “ tells the whole story” of “the demo- tain books dealing delightfully with the exter- cratic temper of American society,” by Pro- nals of American life.” But Professor Wood. fessor Dowden that it makes " an effort to en- berry, having chiefly in view Irving's handling visage at once the vast materiality of the United of the legendary material of his native State, States and to reveal the underlying spiritu- makes the following strong plea for his Amer. ality,” and by Professor Matthews that it makes icanism: “plain the American acceptance of human “Next in order comes that reincarnation of the world. equality, the fundamental respect for the dig. old myth completely born again into local habitation nity of the individual, and, above all, the superb and a name, Rip Van Winkle, in The Legend of Sleepy belief in the future — the ingrained optimism • Hollow. Such a birth is the rarest of literary phe- nomena, and stands in lieu of folk-lore, which never which is perhaps the most salient element of dies." our Americanism." Turning now to the instances of substantial Among the writers whose names find pu- agreement among our symposiasts, we find that merous champions in this competition for the Emerson's essays and Hawthorne's romances honors of typical Americanism, and would come foremost in the minds of nearly all of doubtless be accepted by the others were pot them. Concerning the former, Professor Mün. the selection so limited, are “ Mark Twain," sterberg says: “It was always my opinion that Thoreau, and Bret Harte. The first of these no element of the American spirit is more es- men, according to Professor Münsterberg, sential than the often veiled idealism : I take stands for “ American humor in its grotesque Emerson's essays as its noblest literary docu- aspect of hearty laughter." Of Thoreau's ment.” And Professor Dowden says much the Walden,” Colonel Higginson says that same thing in the following language: “neither its materials, nor its aims could have “ A characteristic of much that strikes a stranger as been combined elsewhere; and the National indigenous in American literature is the juxtaposition, life sings through it, precisely as the drum of and at its best the fusion, in it of a very keen percep- the village youth, as described elsewhere by tion of fact and of a lofty, sometimes a rarefied, kind of Thoreau, goes echoing through the darkness idealism. The idealism of Einerson appears some- on the night before the village muster.” And times to be highly attenuated, but at its best it is the of Bret Harte we read in Mr. Garland's words, exact translation of reality into what is yet more real the idea." to which no one can object, that his prose and Of Hawthorne, and especially of “The Scarlet “sprang from the soil of the Pacific Letter,” we are told by Colonel Higginson that slope as naturally as its pines and redwoods ; * all the volumes of all the historical societies in them is the old California." A large number of books and authors not cannot bring that remote atmosphere before us heretofore mentioned are named by one or as he does.” And Professor Dowden's dictum is this : another of the contributors to the discussion. “ Add to New England vividness of perception and Among the books most clearly entitled to in. New England ideality a sentiment of romance to which clusion in a representative list are Whittier's the remoteness from the mediæval world gives a certain “Snowbound,” Longfellow's “ Hiawatha,” Mr. wistfulness, and you have an expression for much that Howells's “Silas Lapbam,” Judd's “Margaret," lay in the genius of Hawthorne.” Holmes's “ Autocrat," « Uncle Tom's Cabin," With something less of unanimity, but with and the histories of Parkman and Fiske. Of no essential difference of opinion, we find the “Snowbound,” Colonel Higginson says that names of Lowell and Whitman put forward as “there is not in all literature, probably, a representative of the typically American spirit family group so graphically and indeed im- in literature. “ The Biglow Papers," says Col mortally portrayed.” Of • Hiawatha,” Pro- onel Higginson, “takes the lead of unequivo- fessor Wood berry says that “the world has cally American books "'; Dr. Hale calls them found this white man's epic of the dying race “absolutely characteristic"; and Professor of the forest-dwellers the single poetic em bodi- Wood berry says that they "sum up Yankee ment of the Indian world, and no savage world nature with more telling effect than any of the has ever attracted the imagination and sym- pastoral writers who have used the form for pathy of men as strongly as strongly as the Indian.” verse be 1903.) 7 THE DIAL 66 6 a . “The Puritan conscientiousness," says Profes- Mr. Owen Wister pertinently says of the Amer- sor Münsterberg, is “ perhaps nowhere char- ican spirit: acterized with finer artistic quality than in First, it has Youth. We are a young nation, and • Silas Lapham.'” Of “ Margaret,” Dr. Hale possess the young virtues and the young faults; the hope, says that the book had better be hunted up the daring, the generosity, the extravagance, the impa- tience, the irreverence of youth. But, next, we are an by “any body outside of New England who old people — Puritans, Huguenots; and this means fatal- wants a comprehensive idea of New England ism, subtlety, a strange sadness, a pondering the prob- character in the active duties of New England lem of evil, a power of asceticism, and of exaltation.” life a hundred years ago.” The “ Autocrat,” | Professor Dowden's general comment is as according to Professor Münsterberg, embodies follows: American humor in its "milingly sentimental" “ Perhaps the theory is true that American idealism aspect. “Uncle Tom's Cabin," says Professor can be traced in part to Puritanism, and that what we Wood berry, “ for better or worse, has been may call a defecated Puritanism becomes almost inev- and will remain the picture of the South under itably a cult of the ideal. Tocqueville will have it, and perhaps be is right, that a great democracy is in its very slavery, of the slave, the master, and the life.” nature prone to ideal ways of thinking and feeling, with Finally, it is Dr. Hale who argues most elo- results at once reassuring and open to the gravest risks. quently for the American school of historians: But the quick recognition of facts, and the shrewdness, for Parkman, whom he styles "the most dis- the stability, which this engenders is a check upon the dangers which are perhaps inherent in a democracy." tinctly American author in this American school,” for Fiske, “who compels people to read American history who never read it before.” A distinctive feature of this discussion is D'ANNUNZIO, POET AND the recognition it gives to the literary work of PLAYWRIGHT. our great statesmen and patriots. Miss Grace In America, and also in Europe outside of Italy, King speaks of the period of the Revolution d'Annunzio's fame prior to the publication of Fran- as “the classical era of our patriotic genius," cesca da Rimini, has been as a novelist. It is now and the names of Henry, Franklin, and Web- seven or eight years since the Revue des Deux ster, of Washington, Lincoln, and Grant, Mondes published “The Triumph of Death," and appear many times among the chosen repre- M. de Voguë hailed bim as the leader of an Italian sentatives of American spirit. Dr. Hale even Renaissance. From that time, bis novels have been insists upon the Constitution as one of his famous throughout Europe and America ; whereas ten typically American books. Grant, in par- his poetry has been scarcely known except in Italy. ticular, both for his memoirs and his despatches, their friends, d'Annunzio, even in his novels, is To Italians, however, at least to bis disciples and is singled out by a number of the contributors, essentially a poet . in which connection we may recall the high It is not easy for an American, bred in the habits, praise bestowed upon the "Memoirs" by no notions, and prejudices which we call Anglo-Saxon less a critic than Matthew Arnold. We come education, to be just to d'Annunzio, even as a poet ; across an occasional “freak” judgment, as in - for we are almost sure to approach his poetry the case of Colonel Higginson's mention of through his novels, and these revolt all our natural Miss Helen Kellar’s “ The Story of my Life,” sentiments. We are separated from him by the and of Mr. Garland's word for such writers as gulf of race. Even his virtues, in great part, are Mr. Riley and Mr. Ade. And Professor Mün beyond our sympathies ; for we, on our side, do not sterberg indulges in a little fun at our expense belong to the gentil sangue Latin, nor do we understand d'Annunzio's most sincere, most praise- when he says that “ A book like Mrs. Eddy's worthy trait, — the conscience of the artist , a con- • Science and Health' might be written any. science as imperious, as self-sufficient, as disdainful where; but that it should be bought by the as that of the Paritans. bundred thousand is possible only through the To d'Annunzio bimself, his aim is spiritual; yet mental disposition of Americans.” As an ex- to say in English that d'Annunzio labors for the ample of the books that embody the defects of spiritual life isto impose a strange burden upon those our national virtues, this amazing performance already heavily laden words. His understanding may also be called a characteristic production of the spirit is different from ours ; Americans are of the American spirit. prone to separate the spiritual from the intellectual, d'Annunzio is inclined to confound the two. He In conclusion, we wish to supplement our aims to enfranchise the intellect, to rescue it from series of special quotations by two excerpts of the bonds of an ignorant social order, to enlarge the a more general character, one from an Amer- horizon of men by poetry. For him, intellectual ican, and the other from an English observer. I exploitation of the senses is spiritual, it is man's a i 8 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL We highest life; and the expression of that intellectual Among the defects of d'Annunzio's novels are enjoyment is poetry. He is a great artist; he has intense subjectiveness, narrowness of human inter- propriety, order, gradation, harmony, in word and est, and an indefatigable prolixity. The same thought; instinctively he shudders at formlessness. defects hurt his plays; but the exigencies of the He is not inspired; he is the product of modern cul- stage have helped him; they limit, if they cannot ture, not a natural force expressing itself under the abolish, the author's soliloquies, and they discourage ordinary impulses of life. He has lived more on other prolixity. His earlier plays, La Gioconda and men's thoughts than on his own; a careful perusal of Città Morta, mark the period of his apprentice- his books shows the periods in which different mas- ship. The plot of La Gioconda is briefly this : A ters were in the ascendant. He has not the power of sculptor moulds a beautiful statue ; during the work assimilation, that predatory habit of happy genius the model acquires a power over the sculptor, so bestowed upon a Raphael or a Keats ; on the con- that without her he is incapable of achievement. trary, his very lack of capacity to force the ideas Soon he finds himself in love with her and estranged and methods of other men to deny their creators, as it from his wife, who is both good and beautiful. The were, and serve him, marks the limit of his genius. mental strain of this situation makes him danger- Nevertheless he has a clever knack of cribbing. ously ill. His wife, by her devoted nursing, saves At sixteen d'Annunzio had become famous; critics his life; and thinking that illness has broken his jostled each other in their hurry to be the first to illegitimate bonds, confronts the model and attempts do him honor. He went from success to success; and to send her away. In this scene the wife and the from 1881 his poems have been hailed, one after model are merely the sculptor's emotions personified: the other, as the work of a rival to Carducci. one representing duty to art, a duty which only A lyric poet is, and must be, exaggeratedly per- the chosen few can perform; the other, that com- sonal in his relations to us; we like him, or we do mon duty to a wife which lies within the reach of not, for causes that lie deep in ourselves. We like every husband. The wife tells a lie, saying that him, perhaps, because he has unlocked, by a mere her husband had commanded the model to depart. random sequence of words, some old neglected In a rage of despair, the model springs forward to memory, or stirred a common human sentiment and break the statue for which she had sat; the wife left us less lonely, or because he has pulled aside throws out her arms and saves the falling marble the curtain of familiarity from something of beauty. from breaking, but her hands are horribly maimed With d'Annunzio, it is not so. From the first, we and have to be amputated. The victory is with the feel in our bones that he cannot be our poet. model. are oppressed by the hard lustre of his Latin genius, In this play d'Annunzio has chosen the tragic that shines so glaringly, and disregards the gray and ethical theme that a man cannot serve two tints which we love, and all the pleasant sombreness masters; but in his endeavor to portray an ethical of life. But no doubt we fall short in our duty as situation he has only succeeded at the expense of readers ; his art fails in its effect upon us because human interest. The two women who struggle for we are not sensitive to it, our drowsy susceptibilities the artist's soul are but two conflicting moral prin- sleep through his knocking. We feel that he is a ciples, and nobody cares what becomes of the soul. stranger to the haunts of our affections; he utters La Città Morta (“ The Dead City ") is a play many melodious phrases, but not our pass-word; he is of greater ambition. D'Annunzio has attempted challenged by our rude dumb instincts, which know what he perhaps would call a younger sister to the that he has no part in the patriotism of our souls. Attic dramas; he has taken what he believes to be Whether he is our poet or not, his is a very in- a Greek theme, and in order to strengthen his situ- teresting personality. Behind his sensuous descrip-ation he has laid the scene near Mycena. The tions is not feeling, but intellect; behind his intellect characters are a poet, his blind wife and a brother is not genius, but a Roman will, which joins with and sister engaged in excavating the tombs of his ambition in high resolve to achieve a new life Agamemnon and Cassandra. Both husband and for Italy, and wills to use poetry as its instrument. brother fall in love with the sister; there is no Nevertheless, will and intellect, applied to lyrical action; the brother, overcome by horror at his own talents, will not, without the addition of experience, love, and not untouched with jealousy, drowns his turn a poet into a playwright; and in d'Annunzio's sister. The horror of the plot is dulled by prolixity, plays we miss experience of the stage. He should and by the lack of human interest in the characters have been apprenticed to a scene-shifter, cursed by (dreams of a morbid scholar), who spend their im- the stage-manager, bullied by the second lady, and mense leisure in talking of the Antigone, of Cas- thus have acquired the lore of stage-craft. No sandra, of the plains of Argos and the gulf of genius can supply the lack of long familiarity with Corinth, not for the menial purpose of carrying the stage. Of such knowledge the novelist, who forward the plot, but to awake a chill sense of the desires to become a playwright, and more than all others the psychological novelist, stands in especial dead. need : in the drama, living actors are the medium Tragedy requires some unreality; it requires iso- of expression; in story-telling, printer's ink,—and lation from daily life, whose unheroic little needs the difference is immense. comfort humanity and spoil tragedy; but the a > 1903.) 9 THE DIAL a strained quality of d'Annunzio does not transport But everywhere, over every scene, over every us into the heroic unreality of Attic tragedy, it only person, hangs prolixity like a pall. Just as interest carries us into a breezeless atmosphere of morbid rises, just as pity stirs, comes a cold shower of psychology. The play is a mere stady of abnormal words, that strew the ground like leaves in Vallom- psychic conditions, too abnormal for general interest, brosa, smothering interest, choking pity, till nothing too subjective for the stage, from which both it and but that resolution which is said to be the character. La Gioconda would be promptly banished were it istic of our dominant race enables us to be patient not for the self-sacrifice of the great actress wbo has to the end. The first act, which only serves to let devoted her ten talents to their service. Francesca and Paolo see each other, and to inform The plot of “Francesca da Rimini” is briefly the spectators that she believes he is to be her hus- this: For political reasons Francesca's family, the band, begins with a gay and distinctly long scene Polentani, lords of Ravenna, desire to marry her to between the waiting-women and the jongleur; it Gianciotto, the oldest son of Malatesta of Rimini; goes on with an unnecessary episode about Fran- but they fear her refusal, as Gianciotto is both lame cesca's brother, introduced to produce historical and ill-favored; therefore they trick her into the effect, and continues with a long discourse between belief that Paolo the beautiful, his younger brother, Francesca and her sister, and only ends when is to be her husband. Francesca is betrothed, goes Francesca sees Paolo at the gate ; fortunately, they to Rimini and there is undeceived; but that first say nothing, and the curtain drops. In the other , belief, that Paolo was to be hers and she his, avenges acts are a long apostrophe to Greek fire, a minute itself, and the two love each other from that mo- examination of a peddlar's pack, made with the leis- ment. The youngest brother, Malatestino, who ure of a lady when society is out of town, and the attempts to pay his addresses to his beautiful sister- story of a hawk; all scenes which are adapted for in-law and is repulsed, betrays the lovers to Gian- a novel, but deadly for a play. Yet, with all its ciotto. Dramatic interest centres in four figures, faults, if a tyrannical stage-manager were to take Francesca and the three brothers. Gianciotto is a the play with carte blanche to cut, and should do Renaissance despot, who limps across the stage in his obvious duty, this play would remain undoubt- vigorous fashion. He is well done, but he suffers edly the best tragedy ever produced in Italy, and in English eyes in that, while his fierceness and would rank high on the English stage. lameness and ambition recall Richard III., he has D'Annunzio has made an immense effort to se. not the interest of inhumanity, he is not turned devil cure fidelity to fact; he has thrown himself with his by physical defects ; he is but a rude soldier, roughly wonted zeal into arras, headdress, mangonel, cross- seeking to despoil his neighbor. bow, hawking, and haberdashery; he has pressed into The best-drawn character is that of Malatestino, service jongleur, peddlar, and astrologer, and no who in a few rude sentences reveals the traditional doubt he has made a good picture of life in Rimini Renaissance ferocity. Paolo is inferior, he is the near the year 1300. The scenes are brilliant, and palest of all d'Annunzio's likenesses of himself, too might have been drawn by Boccaccio ; they furnish little individual, too much the attendant character a very beautiful and finished frame for the tragedy. to Francesca; he is a poseur, weak with the ordi- D'Annunzio himself recognizes the danger of too pary weaknesses of a jeune premier, and his very many accessories, and in order to overcome that ineffectiveness puts him beyond the reach of tragedy. danger and to give to his drama a touch of poetic He loves Francesca, but his love does not bear ambience, of that detachment from the world which marks of fatality, or if so, of a fatality that to-day tragedy requires, he adopts ingenuous devices. He sweeps him to Francesca, and to-morrow will sweep uses repetition, which, like a succession of echoes, him to Giovanna, and the next to Lucia, and so confounds the memory and the imagination and onward still. The interest in an adulterer must lie serves as a fair makeshift for the presence of mys. in the clash between duty to love and duty to honor, tery. He also introduces snatches from Dante which when“ honor rooted in dishonor stands"; but Paolo recall the solemnity of the eternal punishment that is unvexed by any sentiment of disloyalty to his lies before the lovers. And everywhere he is the brotber. artist. Every scene, every speech, every word, is Francesca is a more interesting figure, but she is put in nice relation to the whole; no volunteer not essentially different from d'Annunzio's other phrases come straggling in, — they are drilled, heroines. At home in Ravenna she has fed on tales equipped, and marched into place, in accordance of old romance told by an Eastern slave, and lived with a carefully matured plan. in day-dreams colored by a melancholy foreboding. It is interesting to see how d'Annunzio has been She falls in love with Paolo at first sight; and as both hurt and helped by the greatest of Italian her tricky marriage to Gianciotto leaves her in poets. Dante has rendered d'Annunzio's historical doubt as to whom her allegiance is due, she is sub- accuracy, at least for the reader in his closet, hope- ject to an ethical bewilderment of which Paolo is lessly wrong. Paolo and Francesca, the lovers unconscious. In her speeches there are passages of whom we know, are not historical; they are not real poetry; and sometimes, when pathos colors the ; Riminesi, but Dantesque. They did not live in the lines, they nestle in the memory with true lyric flesh, but in the greatest lines of the Divine Com- confidence. edy. They are apparitions, beautified and idealized 10 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL ter a arms. by the genius of Dante, endowed with such life and experience as he gave them, and no more. They The New Books. live forever on the infernal blast, and there is a hopeless incongruity in surrounding them with antique furniture and medieval millinery. But JAMES MARTINEAU.* d'Annunzio has also received a blessing; he has The story is told of an old lady who derived “ touched Dante's dead,” and he has acquired a great comfort and help from a borrowed vol. modesty that seemed beyond his power; for a mo- ume of Martineau's sermons until one day she ment he has seen a glimmer, as it were, of Dante's learned, to her horror, that they were by a belief that the bond of sex is but a rude symbol of a completer union where the individual shall no Unitarian, when she speedily returned the book longer be isolated by his own imprisoning senses. to its owner, remarking that the effect of its And yet we cannot but resent as impiety that a reading was like that of a pleasant poison. man should be so rash as to overstep by a hair's Probably no collection of sermons has im- breadth the prohibition in the line, parted more of spiritual uplift to a wide circle Quel giorno piu non vi leggemmo avanti. of readers than the two volumes of “ Endeav. (That day we read no more therein.) ours after a Christian Life.” Their entire The end of the play is weak. Paolo attempts to freedom from doctrinal discussion, and their escape down a trap-door, and is caught by some moving appeal to our common religious nature medieval equivalent for coat-tails, leaving head and shoulders standing out; from this ignominious and and aspirations, render them fit reading for all. somewhat ludicrous position he must be rescued, in Their poetic beauty of diction makes each chap- order that he and Francesca may die in each other's “ lyric utterance,” which was the author's Gianciotto pulls him up by the hair, and ideal of what a sermon should be. Like Chan. then runs him through. ning and like Theodore Parker, with whom be In spite of all, this play is far and away d’An- is naturally associated as one of the three lead- nunzio's best achievement; it is more interesting, ers of liberal religious thought in the nineteenth more affecting, more virile than his other dramas century, Martineau was a vehement protestant or his novels; it is more human, and has a sensu- against everything that savors of arbitrary ou8 richness and an orderly advance that mark a great gain in dramatic art. This improvement comes authority in religion. With them, too, he pro- in part from the poet's growth in knowledge and tested against certain tendencies in the Uni. experience; but we must also look furtber, for tarian church that seemed to him narrow and neither in novel nor in drama has there been injurious. So catholic was he in matters of promise of such a sudden leap forward, and surely religion that he disliked the idea of any less we can detect the advice of trained experience and inclusive ecclesiastical organization than that the promptings of a delicacy and tact which can of the church universal; and though he called only belong to the great actress, Eleanora Duse himself a Unitarian, he did not favor the name dalle belle mani; so that we may ascribe the play as a denominational label. These points of to what Charles Lamb calls the noble practise of similarity between the three champions of Uni- collaboration. H. D. SEDGWICK, JR. tarianism serve well to indicate wherein reside the real strength and usefulness of that denomi. nation, its true mission being to liberalize the COMMUNICATION. church as a whole, and to promote Christian unity, rather than to gain converts to its own LAMB MANUSCRIPTS IN AMERICA. specific form of faith. (To the Editor of The DIAL.) We have long bad on our bookshelves ample In the work of preparing the new edition of the Let- ters of Charles and Mary Lamb, upon which I have been biographies of Channing and Parker. To them engaged for some years, I have endeavored wherever is now added a full and painstaking life of possible to obtain new copies of letters rather than re- Martineau, who, it is curious to recall, was born produce those which are already in type. English pos- five years before Parker and only twenty-five sessors of Lamb MSS. baving most cordially assisted after Channing. The scholarly study of Mar- me in this project, I take the opportunity of asking those owners of Lamb MSS. in America to be so good tineau from the pen of the Rev. A. W. Jackson, as to extend to me the same facilities ; for without their published two years ago, was necessarily mea. coöperation no edition of Lamb's letters can possibly be gre iu biographical detail; so that, while it is complete. I shall be obliged if they will kindly ad- dress me care Messrs. G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York, *THE LIFE AND LETTERS OF JAMES MARTINEAU, LL.D., who will make arrangements for the copying or colla- S.T.D., etc. By James Drummond, M.A., LL.D., Hon. tion of the MSS. Litt. D. And a Survey of his Philosophical Work, by C. B. E. V. Lucas. Upton, B.A., B.Sc. In two volumes. With portraits. New Edenbridge, Kent, England, Dec. 8, 1902. York: Dodd, Mead & Co. 1903.) 11 THE DIAL by no means superseded, it is very acceptably recognition of his extraordinary abilities came supplemented by the later work. Both Dr. Both Dr. | late in life, it came at last in full measure. Drummond and Professor Upton had long been America honored herself by being the first to associated with Martineau as officers of Man- bestow on him an honorary degree. In 1872 chester College, and no men better fitted for Harvard made him a doctor of laws; Leyden the preparation of his biography could have followed three years later with a doctorate of been found. The “Life and Letters" occupy systematic theology; Edinburgh added D.D. the first volume and half of the second ; the to his name in 1884; Oxford came lagging “Survey of his Philosophical Work”is crowded along in 1888 with a D.C.L. diploma; and into the remaining half-volume. Dublin brought up the rear in 1892 by append- In a letter to the Rev. W. R. Alger, Mar- ing Litt.D. to the list. tineau speaks of " a certain loneliness of spirit It has often been said, and with good reason, that had been bis from childhood. It is this that had Martineau stood within the pale of loneliness of spirit, or, better expressed, this the English church he would have been made loftiness of spirituality, that renders him an Archbishop of Canterbury. Even English unpromising subject for popular biography. churchmen, as well as dissenters, have called His life is traced in his thought and in his him the foremost philosophical and religious - writings ; the accidental shifting of the bodily thinker of his time. But with British con- tenement from Norwich to Bristol, from Bristol servatism and British prejudice to contend to York, to Dublin, Liverpool, London, signi- against, the wonder is not so much that he fies but little. Harriet Martineau's autobiog- was late in attaining such recognition as he raphy long ago made us familiar with the more finally enjoyed, as that he attained it at all. important features of the family history. That The extent of his influence and the perma- heroic struggle on the children's part to clear nent value of his work are undoubtedly out an honored father's name from the reproach of of all proportion to the honors he reaped insolvency, was vividly depicted by her. The while alive. Most gratifying was the tribute present biographer, strangely enough, passes of “reverence and affection paid to him over this period with merely a brief mention of on his eighty-third birthday in an address straitened circumstances. The noble and self- signed by a host of men of renown in learn- sacrificing conduct of young Mr. Martineau ing and in public life, both in Europe and in in resigning his Dublin pastorate, because he America. The signatures, though somewhat could not conscientiously accept the regium hastily gathered, numbered six hundred and donum, is described in detail. A full account fifty. The noble and touching reply to this also is given of the so-called Liverpool Con- address deserves quotation here in full, but troversy, in which Martineau, now pastor of unwillingness to trespass too greatly on edi- the Paradise Street Chapel, united with the torial courtesy forbids, and to present the re- two other liberal dissenting ministers of the sponse in an abridged form were almost a sin. city in defending their common faith against we cannot, however, close this inadequate a venomous assault from thirteen Anglican notice of a permanently valuable work without clergymen. The fortunes of Manchester Col. offering the reader a taste of Martineau's ex- lege (afterward Manchester New College, and quisitely finished literary style. His letters then again known under its original name) are lend themselves most readily to purposes of rather closely followed in this biography of illustration. Dignified modesty and courtly him who most contributed to its success as a grace distinguished them in a marked degree. theological school for dissenters. From Man. To the Rev. Paul Revere Frothingham he chester to York, thence back to Manchester, wrote, in March, 1893, a letter highly cbar- thence to London, and finally to Oxford, the acteristic of his attitude in denominational college wandered in quest of a permanent abid- matters. ing place. Associated with it as a student at York, as a lecturer at Manchester, and as pro- “ This summer will probably draw you for a time into the great vortex of the Chicago meeting of the fessor and afterward principal in London, waters, — the vast sweep of which, I must confess, Martineau bas linked his name inseparably rather terrifies than exalts my imagination. I can with its history. It was in his work as pro- place as little trust in such • Parliaments of all Reli- fessor of mental and moral philosophy that he gions' as in an Ecumenical Council. All theological assemblies that I have ever attended, or distantly ob- first drew the attention of the learned world to served, have created more differentiation than union. It his depth and power of thought. Though public l is the unspoken religion that lies beneath all words, in 12 (Jan. 1, THE DIAL . his а which we are one; and it passes the wit of man to define ful examination. In all that belongs to the without separating. Whatever temporal benefits may technique of book-making, there is no oppor- accrue from a concentrated exhibition of the industry tunity for adverse criticism. A taseful binding, and arts of all nations, I cannot be sanguine in my ex- pectation of its spiritual result.” clear type, and good paper make the book at- A quiet humor, of which he not infrequently tractive; while a table of contents, marginal showed himself master, lights up the following, catch-words, and an excellent index, the latter written from Berlin, where he spent a semester distinguishing by heavy type between detailed of study in 1848-49. Frequenters of German treatment and incidental mention, supply all the university lecture-rooms will give it an appre- aid needed for convenient and ready reference. ciative reading Turning now to the subject-matter itself, the “I have heard Neander lecture, though I have not question of proportion first suggests itself; and, met him in private. His lectures are interesting in this connection, a detailed statement of what from their matter, and [from] the neatness approaching Mr. Robertson has given us is in order. An to elegance of expression, somewhat diffused, however, Introduction of ten or twelve pages deals in a and delivered in a manner so peculiar as to defy con- general way with the relation of German to ception. A little shy-looking man, with a quantity of black bair, and eyes so small and overshadowed by dark other literatures, and seeks to establish “in brows as to be invisible, slinks into a great lecture- how far divergences in the evolution of Ger- room; steps up to his platform; but instead of taking man letters are to be ascribed to national tem- his professor's chair, takes his station at the corner of perament, in how far to accidents of social or his tall desk, leaning his arm upon the angle, and his head political history." The balance of the book, upon arm; with bis face thus banging over the floor, and pulling a pen to pieces with his fingers, he be something over six hundred octavo pages, is . gins to rock his desk backwards and forwards on its hind then divided into five parts of varying length, edge with every promise of a bouleversement, and talks each subdivided into separate chapters. The smoothly, as he rocks, for his three-quarters of an hour, without a scrap of paper; quoting authorities, chapter period, is quite brief,—only thirty-three pages; first part, dealing with the Old High German and verse, and even citing and translating longish pas- sages from ecclesiastical writers; and finishing every the Middle High German and Early New High clause by spitting, in a quiet dropping way upon the German periods are somewhat more fully floor, as if to express the punctuation. When the clock treated, - one hundred pages being given to strikes, the demolition of the pen is just complete, and he slinks out of the room without apparently having the former, and to the latter ninety. The four- once been conscious that anybody was present." teen chapters of Part Four devote one hundred Professor Upton's survey of Martineau's and seventy-five pages to the Eighteenth Cen- philosophical work is, from its brevity, neces- tury; while fullest of all is the treatment of the sarily somewhat cursory, and may well be sup- Nineteenth Century, in sixteen chapters, con- . plemented by Mr.Jackson's careful, though less taining two hundred and thirteen pages. This comprehensive, study. Four portraits of Mar. arrangement is commendable. Most of the tineau accompany the text, the latest showing standard works in German end with Goethe's him in his ninety-fourth year; but the fine death, or, like Meyer's recent work, devote a , face still wears much of the wintry grace of stout volume to the Nineteenth Century alone. . unenfeebled age. The general reader thus finds what is of the PERCY F. BICKNELL. greatest contemporary interest untouched, or so exhaustively treated that, apart from any question of the perfect mastery of the foreign A NEW HISTORY OF GERMAN LITERATURE.* idiom needed to consult such works, he is de- The announcement of Mr. John G. Robert- terred from undertaking the task. son's “ History of German Literature” Equally commendable is the brevity with received with more than ordinary interest, for, which the Old High German period is treated. excepting Francke's “German Literature as Monuments like the Hildebrandslied and the Determined by Social Forces," no English book Heljand are given their due importance, but of similar scope has appeared. The author, for Mr. Robertson properly appreciates, without a number of years past Lecturer in the Uni. under-estimating, this early literature. His con- versity of Strassburg, has enjoyed excellent op- clusion is worth quoting. portunities for the prosecution of bis work, and “ It is in no sense a great period ; with the excep- certainly the handsome volume, from the press tion of a few fragmentary verses. . . . Old High Ger- man literature bas little or no poetic worth. The of Messrs. Blackwood & Sons, challenges care- interest which it possesses for us to-day is not literary but linguistic.” *A HISTORY OF GERMAN LITERATURE. By John G. Robertson. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. It may seem unnecessary to emphasize this point, was 1903.) 13 THE DIAL - but so many historians of literature bave un. to the author himself. Thus, for example, in duly exaggerated the importance of this period, the treatment of Schiller’s “Maria Stuart,” the as the survival of epoch-making centuries, old point that the poet has not utilized the that the student is often in danger of getting political situation is urged. Mr. Robertson a wrong perspective. certainly is familiar with the poet's statement In the arrangement of his subject matter implying his purpose to write a tragedy of hu- Mr. Robertson is not always quite so happy, man passion, and knows that he intentionally though that certainly is a very difficult thing. passed over the political elements, finding in his The separate chapters in each division of the historical background simply a check upon his book deal with different movements, or some- imagination. When thus interpreted, the stric- times with a single work or author ; and this ture that Mary's death “is an accident, not a arrangement is, of course, logical. But there necessity” is not well founded, for the issue is seems to be a lack of sufficient emphasis on distinctly the result of her own action in the social and political tendencies, a failure to make drama. clear the character of each trend or school and In similar fashion, the analysis of Goethe's its relation to what came before and what fol- Iphigenie auf Tauris misses the central lowed it. It hardly seems that the student would thought that gives unity to the whole plot, get from the book as definite an idea of the Iphigenie's belief that Diana has protected her various movements and the organic develop in order that she may return to Greece and ment of German literature as, for example, Mr. atone the guilt of her race. Without due em- Stopford Brooke's “ Primer” gives of the phasis upon this, the student gets no clear idea English. The author's attitude is defined in of Goethe's plot, and thus wholly misses much the concluding sentence of his Introduction, of the significance of what our author justly summing up, as it does, the whole preceding considers “ the most artistically perfect, the discussion. most spiritual, of all the poet's writings. “Just as the historian of French literature must One further illustration of this lack of clear keep constantly in view the social background, or as presentation of vital issues. In speaking of English literary history must take account of the nat- ural enterprise and independence of the Anglo-Saxon Lessing's great controversy with Goeze, Mr. race, so German literature must be regarded preëmi- Robertson simply says that “ the Fragments nently as the literature of subjectivity and individ- discussed religious questions in a rationalistic ualism." spirit” with which Lessing sympathized; he Now the general trath of this may be frankly then mentions only by title the writings called admitted, yet it is equally true that various forth in the controversy. Now this is an insuf. influences have effected not merely individuals ficient treatment of a struggle in which Lessing but whole periods and all the writers of a given finally vanquished the literalism of dogmatic epoch, -as, for example, the Storm and Stress Lutheran orthodoxy and reasserted Luther's movement. This movement is frequently re- great principle of individual inquiry. The ferred to as something definite and well under- close relation of this struggle to Nathan der stood ; but in his chapter on it Mr. Robertson Weise is also not suggested ; and certainly describes it only as “ another expression for that poem stands for something more than youthful vigor,” and characterizes it as the “lofty humanity and wise tolerance.” Professor period of "genius,” which owed its tendency Carruth's admirable article on “The Three and peculiar stamp to the influence of the Rings ” puts the teaching of the drama in its ideas and work of Rousseau. This is quite proper light. inadequate. Other allusions indicate the au- One or two other points linger in mind after thor's clear perception of the other features of laying aside the volume. The discussion of the this movement, but all of these should have Nibelungenlied might well trace more clearly been brought together into one clear presenta the mythical and the historical elements and tion of its nature and scope. their union in the German saga. In the treat. It is perhaps along this same line that what ment of Luther, too, is he not credited with seems the greatest fault of the work is to be greater originality in his use of the Saxon found; its perusal fails to give definite and clear 6. Kanzlei ” than he deserves ? Recent studies impressions of the works described. There is of the work of Thomas Murper would seem to too much of general statement and abstract indicate as much. But enough of this un. criticism, too little direct analysis of the litera- ful fault-finding. The book does not show ture in question and of the appeal it has made fed originality in its presentation or strong 14 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL un > individuality in its appreciations and judg- Alicting political parties in that day to those in ments, but perhaps for that very reason it will this. Many, too, seeing that the Mexican war be all the more useful as a work of reference; has not resulted in unmixed evil, and that the and that, after all, is its chief purpose. conquests it made have not wholly reacted From this latter point of view one additional against the march of civilization, argue thence feature of the work merits unqualified approval, that the protestants of this day are also mere -namely, the references in the foot-notes to the carping critics, stumbling blocks in the path works consulted and to the editions used ; also 1 of progress, as those were wbo fought against the extracts that are incorporated in the text. the admission of Texas and the taking over by As far as possible, Kürschner's Deutsche Na. conquest of lands from the weak republic to tional-Litteratur is cited, since that series can the south. be found in every larger library. The extracts It requires the unflinching courage and from Old and Middle High German are also youthful enthusiasm of so true a man and so literally rendered into modern German in the forceful a writer as Lowell to puncture such notes, the author's purpose being to furnish a fallacies. One realizes that the wrong of those glossary rather than a translation. That he days has made easier the commission of wrong did this is additional evidence of that sense for in these ; that the eternal heresy of doing evil style that characterizes the whole work, and that right may come was buttressed anew ; that l every good teacher will certainly agree with the only too human notion that success is the him that this method is better adapted to en- test by which the worth of men's deeds may be able the reader “to appreciate the meaning and weigbed was given an authority which gains in poetic value of the extracts” than any English | these days because it stands as a precedent. translation that could be offered. In Lowell's own majestic phrase, one sees anew All in all, Mr. Robertson deserves high "Truth forever on the scaffold, Wrong forever on the throne." praise for the work he has done. It shows It is pleasant to learn from the brief un- wide reading and painstaking scholarship, and signed introduction to the present reprint of both English and American students of Ger- these anti-slavery papers that they came to be man literature are to be congratulated upon the written through the influence of that gentle and publication of so good a book. God-fearing woman, Maria White, to whom LEWIS A. RHOADES. Lowell had just before been married. “Through all the earlier papers runs the fiery zeal which we are accustomed to attribute to the young con- vert. The implication would seem to be a just one; for LOWELL ON HUMAN LIBERTY.* the first of the articles was written soon after Lowell's marriage to Maria White, to whom, in Mr. Norton's While the collection and publication of the words, he owed all that a man may owe to the woman he early anti-slavery writings of James Russell loves.' ... We have his own evidence in a letter writ- ' a Lowell must rejoice every lover of human lib. ten many years later, that his Abolitionism began in erty, it is a matter for sincere regret that the 1840, which was the year of his engagement to Miss edition in which these contributions to the great Those of us to-day who argue from woman's White." cause of freedom are issued should be a limited one. || For if ever the thinking people of the increased activity in national affairs an increase \ United States and, more particularly, those with it of that instinct by which women know among them who direct the thought of their right from wrong and good from evil, may take fellow-citizens, needed just such fundamental fresh courage from this example. statements of right and wrong and the true The papers are printed from the original glory of nations, it is in this very day when the manuscripts, now in the possession of Mrs. evil of the world is masquerading once more Sydney Howard Gay. The first five were orig- in the guise of a “higher morality.” More inally published during 1844 in the “ Penn- than one reader who has strayed into the dim sylvania Freeman ”; the rest, fifty in number, and little-known regions of our national history appeared from 1846 to 1850 in the “Na- just before and during the war with Mexico tional Anti - Slavery Standard,” of which has been struck with the extraordinary resem- periodical Lowell was for two years “titular blance between the protest and apology of con- associate editor.” They are now issued in two octavo volumes, bound in dark gray cartridge THE ANTI-SLAVERY PAPERS OF JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL. Limited edition. In two volumes. Bosto paper boards, with printed labels. The typo- Riverside Press (Houghton, Mifflin & Co.). graphy is simple and dignified, yet uncommonly 6 a > le 1903.) 15 THE DIAL a attractive; and paper and presswork are of the has no sympathy, and cannot assimilate Society as best. There will be a rather general disagree- then constituted sees that either it or they must perish. ment, we fancy, with the anonymous editor's If the reformers are madmen or fanatics, Society will be the last to call them by either of these names. conclusion that these writings can hardly They are its choicest weapons against sane reformers, heighten Lowell's literary reputation.” But and their edge would be blunted by using them too in- however this may be, assuredly they cannot discriminately. A madman will prove himself to be fail to enbance his reputation as a lover of his such without any extraneous help ; but when the re- kind. What this signifies Lowell has himself former has taken his position in the commanding citadel of some indestructible truth, then the old battering- set down in no conciliatory language in his rams must be brought out again, the old swords sharp- estimate of Daniel Webster, when he says: ened and furbished up, and the startled spirit of the “What has Freedom to thank Daniel Webster for? world can find room in its dainty mouth for obloquy What has Peace? What has Civilization? What has and denunciation." that true Conservatism, which consists in bringing the It is small wonder that the reformer of to. earth forward and upward to the idea of its benign day can find inspiration in these words of a Maker? In one word, how is God the better served, reformer of the past. The theme of the col. how are heaven and earth more at one for his having bestowed upon this man that large utterance, that lection is something greatly broader and deeper divine faculty of eloquent speech? How was man made than the mere abolition of chattel slavery in in the image of God, save that the capacity was given the southern United States. “ The aim of the him of being an adequate representative on earth of true A bolitionist," Lowell writes in the first of some one of the attributes of the Great Father, and His loyal ambassador to man?" his contributions, “is not only to put an end to In the literary sense it is interesting to trace Negro slavery in America: he is equally the in these papers the germs of thought which went sworn foe of tyranny throughout the world.” There is no delusion in Lowell's mind about into Lowell's great poems of freedom and de- this question of tyranny; and the cant of mocracy, culminating in the “ Commemoration Ode.” Upon these writings in prose it is known Anglo-Saxonry, already rife in his early days, seems to him to cloak a tyranny rather worse, that Lowell set comparatively small estimate; if anything, that the ordinary sort. He says: yet it is certain that here he was sowing the « The Norman barons (a race of savages, strong seed of which the poems were only the barvest.. chiefly in their intense and selfish acquisitiveness, to Here, inspired by the love of woman broad. whom our Southern brethren are fond of comparing ened out into love of that mankind of which themselves) looked upon their Saxon serfs as mere cat- she has always been its fairest exemplar, were tle, and indeed reduced them as nearly as might be to the beginnings of the close adhesion to prin- serfs were part and parcel of that famous Anglo- that degraded level by their cruelty. Yet these very ciple before party which made his later in. Saxon race, concerning whom we have seen so much ternational services to the English-speaking claptrap in the newspapers for a few years past, espe- peoples possible. From this source, too, as the cially since the project of extending the area of free- editor notes, came the barvest of the “ Bigelow dom has been discussed and glorified." Papers," and the humor and fun of those had Did space permit, it could be shown that its origins in the wit and sarcasm of these. It the Declaration of Independence stood with a is curious proof of the growing conformity of Lowell for a declaration of principles — not an the American nation that the language of iridescent dream clad in glittering generalities. Lowell here is the language of the most radical “ Destiny “Destiny” he regarded as a specious syn- of the opponents of the imperialistic system onym for expediency, and he hated expediency. that is growing upon us, — and this in the face Washington's warning against Europeanizing of the editor's perfectly accurate comment that influences was still to him a real warning. He Lowell “was, in fact, surprisingly free from had no delusions respecting the character of radicalism.” At the very outset of his subject, American republicanism or democracy, and he in the first of the papers, bearing the non- writes with scorn of " a large class of persons committal title " A Word in Season, there is who seem to consider that the tendency of a just estimate of the attitude of the conform all republics is toward anarchy. When the ing world toward the radical. Lowell writes : “ A good test for deciding the soundness of any that wishes to keep things as they are, rather moral stand which a man has taken is the amount of than coöperate with those who seek to have opposition it excites. Pure truth is poison to the mere the world as it ought to be, no respect for natural man, as he is strangely called, that is, to man “ established institutions” keeps him silent. in the unnatural state to which ages of subservience to policy and compromise with wrong have reduced him. Tevils that must come when America has With this superinduced and adulterated nature, truth ore free land were within his vision, as - no 16 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL - they were in Macaulay's. In brief, he knew, the relative success of the propaganda should and his anti-slavery writings constantly prove be based on the number of missionaries and that he knew, that without that eternal vig. the population of the countries visited. It is ilance which is always liberty's price, for these sufficient for explanation of the success of United States also was reserved the fate of Mormonism to admit that there are in both dead nations : Anglo-Saxon countries great numbers suscep- “ First Freedom, and then Glory — when that fails, tible to the appeals of the grossest superstitions Wealth, vice, corruption, — barbarism at last. and of the most irrational cupidity. And History, with all ber volumes vast, Hath but one page.” It is certainly difficult for any American to WALLACE RICE. treat the history of Mormonism without pas- sion, and Mr. Lion cannot lay claim to having done so. If Mormonism were merely a system of beliefs, even though grossly superstitious, it MORMONISM AND ITS FOUNDER.* ought to be possible for an enlightened citizen Without doubt, Abu Sufian marvelled how to depict it impartially. But involving, as it the crude practices and absurd pretensions of confessedly does, opposition to our government Mohammed could impore upon such an intelli- and violation of our standards of social moral. gent age as that in which he lived. So must ity, it seems almost necessary to depatriate the success of every movement that builds oneself in order to treat the subject dispassion- upon the superstition and the credulity of men cause ately. So, while Mr. Linn must be convicted the more rational members of the race to won- of manifesting prejudice against the institution der and grow impatient. But that such move- he describes, it is hard to blame him for it, es- ments did succeed in the nineteenth century, pecially since it appears that he gives a full and are still succeeding in the electric-lighted hearing to both sides and bases his account in dawn of the twentieth, is not of itself ground | large measure upon esoteric Mormon sources. for discouragement. The fact shows only that Mormonism is a system of religious and of there are still great numbers in even the most socialistic beliefs and practices. It must be enlightened nations who are themselves farfrom studied not only from the standpoint of com- sharing in the general illumination of their parative religion, but also from that of soci- land and age. The gange of advancing civil . ology, and, as Mr. Riley thinks, from the ization is not the entire suppression of such standpoint of psychology as well. Mr. Linn movements, but their gradual restriction. has undertaken to give such an outward chron- In the face of Dowie's New Jerusalem and icle and account of the origin and growth of other less patent delusions of the past decade, the institution. His sources are chiefly the the success of the prophecy of Joseph Smith, Mormon journals, the diaries and biographies Jr., is not incomprehensible. There are other of their leaders, their religious books, and the elements involved besides the inherent gulli. accounts of various inside authorities, supple- bility and ignorance of the masses. Mr. Linn mented by the accounts of certain seceders and is unfortunate in opening his valuable book of United States documents. His reference to upon the Mormons with a chapter of very his sources is constant and entirely adequate. doubtful validity on the persistence of super- No vital statement regarding belief or deed stition. Indeed, he quotes with evident approval lacks confirmatory citations, mostly from Mor- a declaration that the people of the United mon sources. Mr. Linn has not gone so far in this States and Great Britain are preëminently respect as Mr. H. H. Bancroft, who permitted inclined to be “ led to follow after crazy seers Mormon leaders to dictate bis account in the and seeresses.' It does not seem to have oc- main, giving qualifications almost wholly in curred to him that the Mormon propaganda, foot-notes. And of course Mr. Bancroft, who being in the hands of uneducated missionaries was writing a history of Utah, does not devote largely, has been mainly confined to English- so much space to the beginnings of the sect as speaking countries, nor that any comparison of does Mr. Linn. His “ Story of the Mormons” ought to be a definitive history of the sect down * THE STORY OF THE MORMONS, from the Date of their Origin to the Year 1901. By William Alexander Linn, New to the time of the migration to Utah, at least York: The Macmillan Co. for non-Mormon readers. There is not much THE FOUNDER OF MORMONISM. A Psychological Study in it that is new, but it takes a middle path of Joseph Smith, Jr. By I. Woodbridge Riley. Wiban Introductory Preface by George Trumbull Ladd. New Talk: between those unfortunate accounts that have Dodd, Mead & Co. appealed to the prurient public taste for “un. 27 1903.) 17 THE DIAL а veiling” the grosser mysteries of polygamy, another author, the value of a list of five hun- and the official Mormon histories with their dred titles, paraded as "authorities cunsulted," intolerable pretense of sanctimony and injured the absence of a well-digested brief bibliog- innocence. The author is strongly convinced raphy is a serious defect in Mr. Linn's book. of the foundation of the Book of Mormon upon Mr. Riley's psychological study of “The Spaulding's “ The Manuscript Found,” and of Founder of Mormonism” transfers the prob- , the share of Sidney Rigdon in purveying this lem from the field of comparative sociology manuscript to Smith. He furnishes some evi. and religion to that of pathology. The point dence confirmatory of the position of Howe on of view makes it easier to be dispassionate, this subject, but nothing conclusive. although to the devout Mormon the very point of Perhaps the most effective portions of Mr. view itself must seem hostile. Mr. Riley shows, Linn's work are those in which he shows the and without difficulty, that Joseph Smith, Jr., dishonesty and inconsistency of Smith's career was pronouncedly neurotic. His ancestrygives & and pretensions by quotations from -the pro- forecast of what his life developed. In youth he phet's own utterances. Mr. Bancroft's account suffered from epileptic attacks, the type being of the beginnings of Mormonism, for instance, diagnosed with much acuteness by Mr. Riley as does not betray the fact that the original Mor- “transitional.” With maturity, the epileptic mon Bible declares explicitly against polygamy, seizures disappeared ; but ego-mania and sen- and that the " revelation " favoring this insti. sualism manifested themselves until, in the tution was an afterthought to support Smith's latter part of his life, “psychic coördination own conduct and that of some of his compan- had disappeared, and heredity had passed down ions. Thus also Mr. Linn points out the em- those abnormal tendencies that mark the de- barrassing position in which the Mormon church generate.” Only in a supplement does the and society are placed by the “revelations” author take up the question of Smith's mes- direct from God, proclaiming the uprightness meric or hypnotic power and practice. How- and trustworthiness of various members of the ever, the evidence of his having exercised this church who afterwards fell away and exposed sort of control over individuals and audiences the evil and corruptions of the body they had is conclusive. left. It is indeed difficult for anyone to approach Mr. Linn is too much concerned with the the subject of Mormonism without discussing attempt to explain the “ miracle” of Mormon the problem of the sources of the Book of success on the basis of human gullibility and Mormon. This is very far from the scope of superstition. He fails to give sufficient weight Mr. Riley's inquiry, yet he goes aside from his to the socialistic and communistic fascinations main purpose to examine the subject fully in of the Mormon plans. Neither does he take Chapters IV. and V.,-“The Sources" and fairly into consideration the immense advan- “The Author's Mentality." While it is shown tage the Mormons gained by keeping on the that Smith's environment was just such as was advancing border of settlement and civiliza- needed for the production of religious delu- tion. By so doing they appealed to the rest- sions, there is an entire failure to explain the less, the dissatisfied, and the adventurous, issuance of the language of the Book of Mor- while at the same time they profitted by the mon from such an illiterate mouth as that of generosity of the government in the bestowal | Joseph Smith, Jr. As to direct evidence intro- of the public domain. And finally, Mr. Linn And finally, Mr. Linn ducing Rigdon as a connecting link between forgets that seventy years are but a moment in Spaulding's “Manuscript Found" and Smith's " the history of institutions and societies and re- translation of the Golden Plates, Mr. Riley is ligions. He does, however, note that Mor- quite right in calling it " a drawn battle” be- monism cannot stand still and persist; that it tween the Mormons and the anti-Mormons. does not draw adherents from its immediate But his conclusion against such a connection neighbors; and that the restriction of the public ; based upon three propositions, all of which domain is likely to reduce greatly-bas, indeed, are weak or more than weak. “There is no'sim- already reduced — the additions from foreign ilarity between the Honolulu MS. of Spauld- countries. These are considerations which may ing's Indian migration story and the Mormon warrant the expectation of a different develop- Bible.” This no one claims, since the Hono- ment for Mormonism by the time it completes lulu MS. is plainly not the “Manuscript its first century. Found," which, it is claimed, served as the Although one may question, in the case of l basis for the Mormon Bible. “The style of / 18 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL 3 C Home . the Book of Mormon is just what might be outlines, and clearly held with the deepest convic- expected of Smith, and tallies with his other tion. It is a philosophy for which we should say synchronous writings." There is not sufficient that Walt Whitman was in large measure respons- evidence that Smith produced independently ible, and in which Browning would seem also to any of the writings attributed to him, but on have had a band, supplying the dramatic quality and the element of sardonic humor of which the the contrary it is probable that Rigdon wrote or edited most of Smith's " revelations” and philosophy of the free spirit that has given no host- “ Leaves of Grass” is quite guiltless. It is the “ other writings. “The style of the Book of ages to the conventional life, and that seeks to divest Mormon is not that of Rigdon, and Rigdon from their adventitious trappings the fundamental would not have lent himself to a fraud.” The verities of existence. If we can do this, and look style is in any case an assumed style, and the world squarely in the face, and realize that the Rigdon was scholar enough to assume it, while subjective factor must play its part in the game, we Smith was not. Moreover, Rigdon was Smith's shall find that it is a good world after all. But if willing tool, held, perhaps, by hypnotic control. we assume a supine or a merely receptive attitude, Mr. Riley's work contains an excellent bib. and trust to luck, we shall be the failures that we deserve to be. liography, and is interesting both for its in. "There is no luck, dependent spirit and for its attempt to apply No fate, no fortune for us, but the old psychology in a scientific manner to the inter- Unanswering and inviolable price Gets paid : God sells himself eternally, pretation of historical and anthropological But never gives a crust." problems. W. H. CARRUTH. The long narrative poem, “Captain Craig,” serves as the chief vehicle of Mr. Robinson's theory of life. Captain Craig is to outward seeming a dis- reputable enough person, but we, who make his RECENT POETRY.* acquaintance through the good offices of the poet, A slender volume of verse was put forth several are permitted to know him in his true character, years ago by Mr. Edwin Arlington Robinson, and which may be roughly described as combining some the few into whose hands it came, if they had any of the traits of Socrates, Aristophanes, and Carlyle. skill in literary discernment, felt that the voice that In other words, he displays shrewdness in getting addressed them was at least distinctively individual, at the heart of life's problems, irony in his treat- and took pleasure in an utterance that seemed to ment of them, and zeal in his warfare upon their scorn rhetorical trickery, and came arrayed in the adjuncts of insincerity or hypocrisy. The substance strength of sincerity and truth. The numbers were of the poem's teaching may be found in two repre- bare almost to harshness, and they made little ap- sentative extracts. peal to the fancy or the imaginative sense, but they “ Courage is not enough to make men glad For laughter when that laughter is itself had qualities of earnestness and vitality that arrested The tribute of recriminating groans ; the attention and impressed the memory. Now, Nor are the shapes of obsolescent creeds after a long period of silence, Mr. Robinson has Much longer to flit near enough to make given us “ Captain Craig: A Book of Poems," and Men glad for living in a world like this ; the impression made by the earlier collection is But wisdom, courage, knowledge, and the faith Which has the soul and is the soul of reason- intensified. He has a philosophy of life, not clearly These are the world's achievers. And the child- formulated in all respects, but traceable in its main The child that is the saviour of all ages, * CAPTAIN CRAIG. A Book of Poems. By Edwin Arling- A REED BY THE RIVER. Poems by Virginia Woodward ton Robinson. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Cloud. Boston : Richard G. Badger. APOLLO AND KEATS ON BROWNING: A Fantasy, and THE DANCERS, and Other Legends and Lyrics. By Edith Other Poems. By Clifford Lanier. Boston: Richard G. M. Thomas. Boston: Richard G. Badger, Badger. THE HOURS OF THE PASSION, and Other Poems. By POEMs. By Robert Underwood Johnson. New York: Harriet E. Hamilton-King. New York : E. P. Dutton & Co. The Century Co. THE WOMAN WHO WENT to Hell, and Other Ballads THE DEATH OF SIR LAUNCELOT, and Other Poems. By and Lyrics. By Dora Sigerson (Mrs. Clement Shorter). Condé Benoist Pallen, Boston : Small, Maynard & Co. London : The De la More Press, John McGOVERN'S POEMS. Evanston: William S. Lord. A CHRISTMAS Posy. By Lady Lindsay. London: Kegan THE HERMITAGE, and Random Verses. By Dayton Ervin, Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Ltd. New York: The Grafton Press. SONG AND STORY. By Lilian Street. London: David SONNETS AND SONGS FOR A HOUSE OF DAYS. By Christian Nutt. Binkley, San Francisco : A. M. Robertson. A TALE OF TRUE Love, and Other Poems. By Alfred SONGS OF THE PREss, and Other Adventures in Verse. Austin, Poet Laureate. New York: Harper & Brothers. By Bailey Millard. San Francisco: Elder & Shepard. MOODS AND OUTDOOR VERSES. By Richard Askham. The SUNSET SONG, and Other Verses. By Elizabeth San Franciso: Elder & Shepard. Akers. Boston: Lee & Shepard. ENGLISH LYRICS OF A FINNISH HARP, By Herman Mon- THE GREAT PROCESSION, and Other Verses for and about tague Donner. Boston: Richard G. Badger. Children. By Harriet Prescott Spofford. Boston: Richard INDIA'S LOVE LYRICS. Collected and arranged in verse G. Badger. by Laurence Hope. New York: John Lane. 18 LAR 11 : : 1903.) 19 THE DIAL 66 The prophet and the poet, the crown-bearer, The "Poems" of Mr. Robert Underwood Johnson Must yet with Love's unhonored fortitude include the contents of two previous volumes, to- Survive to cherish and attain for us The candor and the generosity, gether with a new collection entitled Italian Rhap- By leave of which we smile if we bring back sody, and Other Poems.” This “Italian Rhapsody" Some first ideal flash that wakened us is the finest of the new pieces, and may be illustrated When wisdom like a shaft of dungeon-light by the following group of stanzas : Came searching down to find us." Name me a poet who has trod thy soil ; This is fine, and even finer is the following passage He is thy lover, ever bastoning back, from Captain Craig's last will and testament, in With thee forgetting weariness and toil, which document he bequeaths “God's universe ” to The nightly sorrow for the daily lack. How oft our lyric race his friends : Looked last upon thy face! Courage, my boys,-conrage, is what you need : Oh, would that I were worthy thus to die in thy embrace ! Courage that is not all flesh-recklessness Oh, to be kin to Keats as urn with urn But earnest of the world and of the soul- Shares the same Roman earth |--to sleep, apart, First of the soul; for a man may be as brave Near to the bloom that once was Shelley's heart, As Ajax in the fury of his arms, Where bees, like lingering lovers, re-return; And in the midmost warfare of his thoughts Where the proud pyramid, Be frail as Paris . . . For the love, therefore, To brighter glory bid, That brothered us when we stood back that day From Delium-the love that holds us now Gives Cestius his longed-for fame, marking immortal Art. More than it held us at Amphipolis- • Or, in loved Florence, to repose beside Forget you not that he who in his work Our trinity of singers! Fame enough Would mount from these low roads of measured shame To neighbor lordly Landor, noble Clough, To tread the leagueless highway must Aling first And her, our later sibyl, sorrow-eyed. And fling for evermore beyond his reach Oh, tell me--not their arts The shackles of a slave who doubts the sun. But their Italian hearts There is no servitude so fraudulent Won for their dust that narrow oval, than the world more As of a sun-shut mind; for 'tis the mind wide! That makes you craven or invincible, “So might I lie where Browning should have lain, Diseased or puissant. The mind will pay My • Italy' for all the world to read, Ten thousandfold and be the richer then Like his on the palazzo. For thy pain, To grant now service; but the world pays hard In losing from thy rosary that bead, And accurately sickens till in years England accords thee room The dole has eked its end and there is left Around his minster tomb What all of you are poting on all days A province conquered of thy soul, and not an Arab slain!" In these Athenian streets, where squandered men Drag ruins of half-warriors to the grave- This last touch tells us what Mr. Jobnson thinks of Or to Hippocrates.' the needless warfare that has blackened the history We have no space in which to discuss the remaining of the last few years. He has a very definite notion poems in Mr. Robinson's volume. They are often of the real nature of “ the white man's burden,” as impressive in their direct appeal to the fundamental the following lines attest: emotions, but none of them equals the titular poem “What is the White Man's burden- in interest. The burden of his song That once was 'Peace and Justice; “ Apollo and Keats on Browning,” by Mr. Clif- The Weak beside the Strong'? ford Lapier, is a fantasy more noticeable for art He falters in the singing than for poetic quality. The verses are too ragged At memory of the wrong. to pass muster with even the least censorious of " What thongh our vaunt of Freedom critics. There is far more pleasure to be derived Must evermore be mute, from some of Mr. Lanier's less pretentious pieces. And the trading of men's vices Drag both below the brute ? There are, for example, the pretty lines that close So bribe new ships to bring it- bis ode to the mocking-bird, “The American Phil- The White Man's burden-loot!" omel.” “ The Death of Sir Launcelot, and Other Poems,” " An alabaster box of music's nard Upon the feet of Love thou shatterest: by Mr. Condé Benoist Pallen, is a much more satis- These drops of dew are fragrant with its sweet, factory volume than the one which we reviewed a These pendent boughs seem blessing hands ; year or so ago. There are passages of really fine Out of grim shadow benedictions come; inspiration and glowing beauty, yet in a broad sense Moonlight like Christ's forgiveness beams; Thy heavenly throatings whisper to the soul the work is imitative—of Tennyson and others. Undying faith, supernal,- These are the opening lines of the opening poem : Love eternal." “ At Canterbury seven years a monk Mr. Lanier is also happy in his handling of some of Sir Launcelot bad abode. For Arthur passed, And all the goodly fellowship of knights the briefer forms of verse, as this quatrain on Poe Broken and scattered through his mighty sin will indicate. With Guinevere, he sought to purge his guilt “ Dreaming along the haunted shore of time By prayers and fasting and the biting scourge And mad that sea's Æolian song to sing, Within the boly life, till chastened love, He found the shell of beauty, rhythmic rhyme, Freed from the clogging dross of earthly passion, And fondly deemed its sheen a living thing." Leap a shooting flame upward to Heaven." 20 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL - > 1 The last of these lines illustrates Mr. Pallen's chief the tendency to strain after effects and to indulge fault. He either has an incurably defective ear, or in over-ornamented language. is inexcusably careless. It would have been so easy It is rather for the excellence of their intentions to write than for any poetic merit they possess that we “ Leap like a shooting flame upward to Heaven." quote the following lines on “ Columbia” from Mr. We should set this down for a mere slip in proof. | Dayton Ervin’s “ The Hermitage and Random reading, were it not that similarly defective lines Verses." are of frequent occurrence. The opening poem is “Decked with rare jewels, wealth at her command, followed by a series of quatrains “ To Omar Khay. Her stately bearing stands them all in awe. yam," of which one example may be given. How proudly flash her cold gray eyes, with hand Upon the helm of state, the queen of law! “ Knowledge may reach from shining star to star, The pride of self is written on her brow; Enthroned on three-winged Saturn sit afar, Those tell-tale life-marks on her handsome face And still as distant be from Wisdom's house Are where her broken promises made trace: As when it beat against this lower bar." This is Columbia as she is now. The burden of this poem is the emptiness of skep- "In olden days a young fair maiden stood, ticism to him who views life from the calm haven The rich embodiment of strength and youth ; of the Catholic faith. The following fine sonnet Her sunny face emitted rays of good For all, so strong her love for man and truth. pictures the shame that has come to us as a nation At her no finger pointed with distrust, in our dealings with Spain and its possessions : For young Columbia was not for lust." “ We gave a solemn pledge, and called on Heaven Mr. Ervin has not the gift of song, and there is To hear; our arms, we swore, were Freedom's own, hardly a trace of poetic art in his collection of verses. Our valour sprung from her chaste bosom, given To Freedom consecrate, and her alone; Those who are accustomed to survey our cur- To Freedom's cause for ever, and her levin rent activity in verse-making cannot fail to be im. We forged upon the footsteps of her throne ; pressed by the amount of work that comes from the Her sword unclasping from her zone, Pacific Coast. Not much of this work is distin- She placed within her hands, and blessed us shriven. guished by fine craftmanship, or has the arresting “O solemn mockery of her holy trust! Our troth forgot and slaked our noble zeal, quality of enduring song, but most of it is the prod- Our brittle honour shattered in the dust! uct of sincere endeavor, and the amount of the out- A riotous people drunk with Conquest's lust, put speaks well for literary conditions in the far In bacchanalian rout we onward reel, West. One of the best books that have recently And 'gainst her turn her own ensanguined steel.” reached us from this section is Mr. Christian Bink. The poets, at least, remain true when others fail us, ley's volume of “Sonnets and Songs for a House and the future bistorian will turn to them, rather of Days.” Mr. Binkley's songs are creditable, and than to the time-serving political writers of the his sonnets are more than creditable, as the follow- hour, for the just estimate of the present dark ing example will show : period in our national annals. “Why linger, Love, within the vale below Mr. John McGovern is an old-time journalist of Amid the dews and lamps ? The view is wide, Upon the lofty Peak, and I shall guide Chicago who has essayed various forms of literary To regions of delight none else may know. composition, and is the author of at least one strik- Green is the valley, pleasant in its flow ing piece of fiction. The “Poems” which he has The river with the rushes at its side, just collected into a little book are evidently the The meadows with their violets blue and pied And shadows that forever come and go. product of occasional impulse rather than of set But fairer are the heights that we shall tread, poetic purpose, and include the work of upwards Brighter the sunset splendors that uproar of a score of years. Short pieces in blank verse Their minarets of gold, the stars outspread make up the greater part of the collection. We Lordly at night. Then tremble not, nor fear O Love, to come: its beauty will be filed select the very last thing in the volume, this descrip- And all the joy be pain save thou be near.” of sunshine after storm: Mr. Binkley's pieces are arranged in a sequence “The storm recedes, the sun shines out, the clouds, Like fallen fortresses, their portals ope suggestive of “an outline of life and a progressive Before the flight of earth ward-hurrying beams- criticism upon it.” He further says: “I have lot And lo! the couriers with their victory! the poems fall into some sort of order in an ap- The music of the herd comes o'er the mead proximation to what seemed to me when they were In homely cow-bell tones, as rude to-day written a just and central conception of a man's As in Pan's time. The clover-synod kneels- Each tiny bishop's mitre lit with gems- relation to his surroundings, — arranging as it were, And silken rustles fill the aisles of corn, a few details of the story of this wrestling match As though the wives of modern Pharisees of ours in the dawn.” Passed to their public prayer. Behind a gorge Of ether icebergs, Hope, at azure loom, Mr. Bailey Millard is another Californian poet, In warp of sun-rays with a woof of rain, and his “ Songs of the Press” recount in light vein Arches her rainbow web upon the black the humors of the reportorial calling. This plaint That curtains all the east, where crowds the storm." of the unappreciated underling concerning the “star This is finely imagined, and does not suffer from writer" will find an echo in the heart of many a what is the chief fault of Mr. McGovern's writing-- | budding journalist : 5 . > 3 2 1 ! - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1903.) 21 THE DIAL "Must give up pleasure, peace, and selfish ease, For wearying tasks and thankless ministries. “Often he wrongs the fondest faith and trust And brings the proudest forehead to the dust. “He dooms to exile, or to prison cell; Cruel and sweet, his hands reach down to hell.'— “Yet, O sad singer, think awhile and tell - Reach they not also up to heaven as well?" Another New England singer, beloved of a past generation, is Mrs. Harriet Prescott Spofford, who from her Deer Island home in the Merrimac still puts forth her books from year to year. The latest of her books is called “ The Great Procession,” and is a collection of songs of childhood, exquisite in fancy and delightful in expression. Some stanzas from “ The Land of Story Books ” shall place this verdict beyond a doubt. "The moment she blows out the light And all is dark and cool about, And through the window quickly peers A great star sparkling in and out, By foaming brooks and mossy nooks, I find the land of Story Books. . “Harry and Lucy go with me Rollo, and boys and girls a troop, Sindbad the Sailor follows us When in Aladdin's Cave we stoop, And, sometimes then we, little men, See dear Hans Christian Andersen. . * They let him sign his scroll-work and it swells him like a bladder, And he thinks that he's a genius on the write; But when it comes to merit he's not three rounds up the ladder; For he couldn't smell a story if 'twas near enough to bite. Oh, the star, oh, the star, Oh, the overrated star! And they give him my best copy to rewrite! ** There are men in every station travelling on their repu- tation, But at that game he can give 'em cards and spades; He will fall down on a story without any hesitation, And still keep on a-shining, for his glory never fades. Oh, the star, oh, the star, Oh, the empty-headed star! He has nothing but his halo, and that never, never fades." Mr. Millard is also a writer of serious verse, for these songs of the pressroom and the desk make up only about a third of his volume. The remaining contents reveal him as a singer of parts, whether his inspiration be the life of the open air or that which comes from books. His tribute to “Muir of the Mountains” shall pay tribute to this notice. “A lean, wild-haired, wild-bearded craggy man, Wild as a Modoc and as unafraid, A man to go his way with no man's aid, Yet sweet and soft of heart as any maid. "Sky-loving, stalwart as the sugar-pine, Clean, simple, fragrant as that noble tree, A mountain man, and free as they are free Who tread the heights and know tranquillity." There is a ringing and virile quality about Mr. Millard's best verse that will produce a reaction in the most sluggish of readers. The cast of his thought is not pale, but ruddy with the glow of spiritual health. The spirit of old New England, with its land. scape, its legend, and its life of spiritual stress, breathes from the volume in which Mrs. Elizabeth Akers has collected the verse of many years. The author has now passed her seventieth birthday, and has for more than forty years been widely known by the lines called “Rock Me to Sleep," of which the authorized version is here printed, with a note de- scribing its singular fortunes. With this excep- tion, the contents of “ The Sunset Song and Other Verses ” are matter which has been hitherto unpub. lisbed. Thus we have some three hundred pages of new song, tender and true as to sentiment, and rather unusual as to its mastery of many forms of We take for our extract the piece entitled - Cruel and Sweet.” "Cruel and sweet, his hands reach down to hell'. Thus sang the Celtic bard of Love's strong spell, "And his wild wailing words of passionate pain Were heard by lonely rocks and moaning main “Long, long ago, - yet still as true they be As when they saddened first the sighing sea. “His vows are as the fickle winds that pags; His oaths are brittle as the frosted grass. "The gifts he brings are made of fairy gold Which turns to dead leaves ere the day is old. “Who wears his flowery fetters, oft must bear Pain, sore denial, poverty, and care ; 9) "And sinking into downy clouds Strange seems tbe Pilgrim going by With Great Heart, strange seems Crusoe's face, And strange the Land of Nod should lie With hushing brooks and pillowed nooks So near the land of Story Books." This is as charming as Stevenson at his best, and stands in marked contrast to the artificial songs of childhood that fill so many of our modern books and magazines for the young. “ A Reed by the River,” which is the title of Miss Virginia Woodward Cloud's volume of poems, suggests plaintive or piercing melody, with a touch of inspiration from classical themes. The sugges- tions are not borne out by any particular piece among the contents, but are realized in the general tenor of the poet's song, which is noteworthy for its musical deliverance and its haunting sense of nat- ural beauty. The irregular sonnet called " Dusk ” is an example of Miss Cloud's most melodious and felicitous diction. “Beyond the burning rhapsody of noon, The wind's elusive harp-note in the trees, Between the sunset and the primrose noon, There is a rapture all unknown of these, The harmony of twilight, Nature's note, Prolonged, pellucid, subtler far than song, Bearing the lifted soul till it doth float Upon the heart of night and find it strong ; Against this bar the tides of tumult fail And waves slip back into a silent deep; The world, beneath a white and windless sail, Drifts outward to the vaster sea of sleep, And thought, starlike, doth rise above Time's shoal To find thee still — thou starlight of my soul!” verse. 22 (Jan. 1, THE DIAL . 66 99 We should like to quote, for the sake of contrast, and to illustrate a very different manner of the author, “ The Ballad of Sweet P,” which tells how Miss Penelope Penwick on the Christmas eve of 1776, beguiled the British officers at Trenton into forgetfulness of their duties until fate came upon them from across the Delaware. It is a capital poem, spirited and dramatic, which should prove an effective addition to the repertoire of the reciter. We have not bad a volume from Miss Edith Thomas for some years, and it is a pleasure to re- new acquaintance with so sincere and thoughtful a singer. “ The Dancers and Other Legends and Lyrics” is a collection of pieces that have much of the old charm, although the note seems at times a little worn. We care less for the group of legend- ary narratives with which the volume opens than for the nature-lyrics and reflective pieces that fol- low. The two quatrains of “Mirage” have par- ticularly attracted our attention. “Treasure the shadow. Somewhere, firmly-based, Arise those turrets that in cloud-land shine ; Somewhere, to thirsty toilers of the waste; Yon phantom well-spring is a living sign. • Treasure the shadow. Somewhere, past thy sight, Past all men's sight, waits the true heaven at last : Tell them whose fear would put thy hope to flight, There are no shadows save from substance cast. A typical illustration of the clear-cut expression which we expect from Miss Thomas is furnished by the poem called “Caprice of the Muses." “Of old the Muses sat on high, And heard and judged the songs of men; On one they smiled, who loitered by, Of toiling ten, they slighted ten. • They lightly serve who serve us best, Nor know they how the task was done ; We Muses love a soul at rest, But violence and toil we shun.' “If men say true, the Muses now Have changed their ancient habitude, And would be served with knitted brow, And stress and toil each day renewed. “So each one with the other vies, Of those who weave romance or song : 'On us, O Muse, bestow the prize, For we bave striven well and long!' “And yet methinks I hear the hest Come murmuring down from Helicon : “They lightly serve who serve us best, Nor know they how the task was done !'". The noble poem called “Palingenesis " portrays the growth of the soul of man, through all the stages of evolution, to the full self-consciousness of its divine origin. “Wild is the life of the wave, and free is the life of the air, And sweet is the life of the measureless pastures, unbur- dened of care ; They have all been mine, I upgather them all in the being But shall I not speak for the dumb, and lift up my sight for the blind ? I am kin to the least that inbabits the air, the waters, the clod. They wist not what bond is between us, who know not the Indwelling God! For under my hands alone the charactered Past bath he laid, One moment to scan ere it fall like a scroll into ashes and fade! Enough have I read to know and declare - my ways he will keep, If onward I go, or again in a fold of his garment I sleep!” This is suggestive of some of the later poems of Tennyson, and has, if possible, a higher spiritual reach and a deeper message. It is many years since we have had a volume of verse bearing the name of Mrs. Hamilton-King, but the author of “ The Disciples" is in no danger of being forgotten. We cannot say that “ The Hours of the Passion and Other Poems ” is as precious a possession as the volume that enabrines the soul of Mazzini and the devotion of his followers, but we can say that it deserves a high place among the poetry of refined religious emotion. “ The Garden of the Holy Souls” is a typical example of Mrs. King's work, and is fortunately not too long for quotation in full. “In Thy garden, in Thy garden, though the rain Fall, and the winds beat there, And they stand unsheltered, piteous, in the storm, They who were once so fair. “In Thy garden of the souls, where Thou art gardener, Thou Who wast once so mild, Now pruning down to naked stems and leafless The roses that ran wild. “Oh, Thy roses once waved in the wind so sweetly, Though thick with thorns beset; In the morning sunshine opening, and at evening With cool dews wet. "In Thy garden, where Thou walkest as a warder, How poor, how small they stand; Yet once their beauty, to the hearts that loved them, Lighted the living land. “In Thy garden, where no smile of Thine is granted, Yet keep within Thy heart, A place in Paradise for these transplanted, Still with Thee where Thou art. “In Thy garden, in Thy garden, where Thy roses Without a thorn are sweet, And each poor branch in endless wreaths uncloses To kiss Thy feet!" The note of tender and exalted mysticism which is struck by the best of these poems is not unlike that which inspires the religious verse of Christina Rossetti, and no higher praise than this could well be given. Mrs. Shorter's new ballads, particularly “ The Woman Who Went to Hell” and “Earl Roderick's Bride,” are striking compositions, and have much of the true flavor of the old-time form which they seek to imitate. The legends are particularly fitted for this treatment, and the impression is clean-cut and deep. It is useless to attempt to quote from them, but the thin volume yields two lyrics sufficiently brief for that purpose, and of the two we have chosen “ The Watcher in the Wood.” 1 6 > of man, Who knoweth, at last, that the God hath dwelt in him since all life began ! My heritage draw I from these - I love though I leave them behind ; 1903.] 23 THE DIAL - • Deep in the wood's recesses cool And homing birds fly low with nesting song ; I see the fairy dancers glide, When sunset clouds athwart the heavens sweep In cloth of gold, in gown of green, In folds of amber light, the summer long. My lord and lady side by side. Sweet bells, that I shall never hear again! "But who has hung from leaf to leaf - They ring for me a memory too dear, From flower to flower a silken twine, Of sunset hours that held for me vo pain, A cloud of grey that holds the dew Of love-voiced birds it then was joy to hear: In globes of clear encbanted wine ? Hence 'neath the amber skies afar, I sigh For fragrant fields and childhood's melody." “Or stretches far from branch to branch, From thorn to thorn, in dianıond rain, It has always seemed to us that Mr. Alfred Who caught the cup of crystal pare Austin has been unfairly dealt with by the critics. And hung so far the shining chain ? They have never forgiven bim for the crime of being " 'Tis death, the spider, in his net, made Laureate at a time when greater poets were Who lures the dancers as they glide, In cloth of gold, in gown of green, still living in England. Yet the appointment was My lord and lady side by side.'' on the whole fairly creditable and peculiarly dis- A word of praise must be given to the fine frontis. tinguished by a sense of fitness. An avowed repub- piece, illustrative of the titular ballad, with which lican or a pronounced socialist — to mention the the book is adorned. only two really great poets among his contempora- ries — could not well have been made the official Lady Lindsay's new volume, “A Christmas poet of the English monarchy, and among the many Posy,” is chiefly made up of carols and songs in possible candidates remaining, Mr. Austin's claim the conventional manner and with the usual artifical accessories of shepherds and focks and angels. was as good as that of most of his fellows. He The songs are informed by sincere feeling, and are could not help it, poor man, if he was not the peer prettily expressed. of Tennyson and Wordsworth; he had been con- scientiously engaged in producing the best literature " By Nazareth's green hills and dales, There where the wild red lilies blow, of which he was capable during a period of nearly Down to the shore among dusky vales, half a century, and had to his credit, besides several The young child Jesus once did go. prose volumes of unquestionable charm, a large (Then see, then see, body of verse that was always respectable and some- On lattice and ledge our garlands be times distinguished. Since his occupancy of the The ivy bush and the holly tree.)”. laureateship, he has now and then rashly rushed A particularly charming feature of the volume is into print, offering the public what was journalism afforded by a selection of old French Noels (with a rather than poetry, but he has sometimes risen to few German examples also), given us in both text the occasion presented, and struck an unexception- and translation. What seems to us the loveliest of able note. Take, for example, the quatrain called Lady Lindsay's lyrics is that called "At Eventide" “ Winter Violets," the lines laid upon the bier of the too long to quote, and too much an organic unity late Queen at Osborne, and see if they are not both to represent by an excerpt. graceful and appropriate. A little more than a year ago we found it pleasant * Here are sad flowers, with wintry weeping wet, to read and to say a good word for an anonymous Dews of the dark that drench the violet. little book of verse called “Heartsease.” A second Thus over her, whom death yet more endears, volume is now at hand from the same author, who Nature and man together blend their tears." now reveals her identity as Miss Lilian Street. It These verses are found at the close of Mr. Austin's is a volume of pretty sentimental trifles, of which test volume, “ A Tale of True and Other “ An Evening Ride” is a good example. Poems,” dedicated to the President of the United “The day's late light on the downland States, and introduced by a preface which recalls Lingers, and gleams, and glows; the author's long and steadfast friendship for our The cloud-drifts hurrying seawards Magical dreams disclose. people. We have taken no little pleasure in the contents of this volume, a pleasure due chiefly to the "The North wind full in our faces Cuts like the chill of pain - two Italian poems,“ Florence" and "In the Forum.” Yet, say, shall the day's best beauty We reproduce the final stanzas of the latter of these Speak to you all in vain ? poems. “My heart to your heart would whisper “Here, even in the noontide glare, Some hope, if that might be - The gods, recumbent, take their ease ; But I pray that you hold my silence Go look, and you will find them there, The better sympathy." Slumbering behind some fallen frieze. Evening seems to prove the best inspiration of this “But most, when sunset glow hath paled, writer, for it inspires not only the charming lyric And come, as now, the twilight hour, just quoted, but also this equally charming sonnet: In vesper vagueness dimly veiled I feel their presence and their power. " Across the fields of lavender they stole, The sweetest bells that ever called to prayer, “What though their temples strew the ground, Or charmed the peovish ear, or filled the soul And to the ruin owls repair, With short forgetfulness of narrow care. Their home, their haunt, is all around; They marked the hour when purple shadows creep; They drive the cloud, they ride the air. 66 24 (Jan. 1, THE DIAL & "And, when the planets wend their way tions from Topelius and Runeberg (including the Along the never-aging skies, “Sveaborg” of Fänrik Staal), as well as the author's 'Revere the gods,' I hear them say; original verse. Mr. Donner has vigor, and imag- *The gods are old, the gods are wise.' ination, and fine idealism, but the technique of En- “Build as man may, Time goaws and peers glish versification is beyond his powers. A sonnet Through marble fissures, granite rents; Only Imagination rears called " Amber" may be given for our example of Imperishable monuments. his work. “Let Goth and Gaul pollute the shrine, "Once flew a frail, ephemeral, bright thing Level the altar, fire the fane : Among the pines of Finland's ancient shore. There is no razing the divine; 'Mid trembling shadows did it glance and soar The gods return, the gods remain." Till, Dear some trunk too near adventuring, Ensnardd was its iridescent wing The narrative poem which gives a title to the volume By oozing gum. Thus, stayed for evermore, tells of a disappointed lover who goes to the war in The spread wings glowed ; and æons passed before South Africa. We quote one stanza. A pick their amber shrine to light did bring. “But with the morrow's dawn there came the tidings “E'en so sometimes from out the poet's dreams, How that a crafty, freedom-loathing race, 'Mid hinted truths and half-seen similes, Its schemes unmasked, had come from out its hidings, Some thought elusive through the shadows gleams. And flung defiance in its suzerain's face, Then, seizing on it, his clear rhapsodies Then on his open territories burst, The bard pours round it, and, o'erjoyed, redeems Proclaiming these annexed unto its rule accursed." A fragment of the world's lost solaces." This is not remarkable as poetry, but it presents a It is a pretense easy of penetration that would political truth which the Boer partisans have done have us think of Mr. Laurence Hope's collection of their best to obscure. It may well give pause to “ India's Love Lyrics ” as translations, or even those who have traduced a nation that has fought at paraphrases, of Eastern originals. The title-page once for the defense of her territory and for the admits that Mr. Hope has “collected and arranged " fundamental liberties that all men of English blood these poems; it might as well have said outright must ever hold dear under penalty of being false to that he is their author. They are Indian in theme, their birthright. no doubt, and Indian in their warmth and color, as Mr. Richard Askham is a young Englishman who well as in their sentiment and imagery. Possibly & visited America a few years ago, making a considera- few of them have as their actual basis some folk. ble stay in California, and who now publishes a small song or lyrical legend of the Orient. We have volume of poems containing a number of reminis- selected “ Mahomed Akram's Appeal to the Stars" cences of his stay in the West. The volume is called for our illustrative quotation. “ Moods and Outdoor Verses," and is introduced to “Oh, silver stars that shine on what I love, us by Mr. Edwin Markham in a prefatory note. It Touch the soft hair and sparkle in the eyes, - is a book characterized by both thought and imagina- Sond, from your calm serenity above, Sleep to whom, sleepless, here, despairing lies. tion, and it is pleasant to think that the inspiration of Mr. Askham's song is due in part to his sojourn "Broken, forlorn, upon the Desert sand That sucks these tears, and utterly abased, upon this side of the Atlantic. The poem called Looking across the lonely, level land, “ Reality” expresses a mood that is known in the With thoughts more desolate than any waste. experience of every reflective mind. “Planets that shine on what I so adore, “Rare is that blossom of sweet memory Now thrown, the hour is late, in careless rest, The dreamer's vision, out of days forgot Protect that sleep, which I may watch no more, Mystically remembered and reborn I, the cast out, dismissed and dispossessed. In eager, active fingered, arduous days, "Far in the hillside camp, in slumber lies Yet never to be native there again. What my worn eyes worship but never see. "Dream who may dream! Rarer the ringing act Happier stars ! your myriad silver eyes Chiming with act in perfect parallel Feast on the quiet face denied to me. And building up invincible success, “Loved with a love beyond all words or sense, Rounded as lies a poem on the pages Lost with a grief beyond the saltest tear, And perfect as a song. Dream who would dream! So lovely, so removed, remote, and hence But here's the marblo of reality, And dreams may go. So doubly and so desperately dear! “But when the deed is done, “Starsfrom your skies so purple and so calm, That through the centuries your secrets keep, What is the thing accomplished ? Is 't a flower, Send to this worn-out brain some Occult Balm, A star, a passion, this accomplished thing? Something to ring forever and for aye, Send me, for many nights so sleepless, sleep. To burn and throb and blossom in God's hand "And ere the sunshine of the Desert jars Until the ages cease? Or is it but My sense with sorrow, and another day, Handfuls of barren ashes and vain dust?" Through your soft Magic, oh, my Silver Stars ! Turn sleep to Death in some mysterious way." Mr. Askham is a poet from whom we shall gladly hear again. This lovely poem is companioned by many others of Mr. Herman Montague Donner's “ English Lyrics equal loveliness, and the volume is indeed treasure- trove. of a Finnish Harp" include a number of transla- WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. & 9) a 1903.] 25 THE DIAL importance and suggestiveness. Mr. Spiller has, BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS. unfortunately, seen fit to burden his exposition with When a man of an experiencing an intelligible yet unfamiliar terminology, that may Citizen Train's nature (to use Walter Bagehot's scare away many a poseible reader, though doubt- story of his life. phrase) yields to the autobiographic less it ought not to do so. The dominant motive that impulse, his book is pretty sure to be interesting, determines the unfoldment of the chapters, as well and is often instructive. Citizen George Francis as the terminology, is the recognition of needs as Train's " My Life in Many States and in Foreign the determinants of the human impulses, thoughts, Lands” (Appleton) is not disappointing in these and actions; in other words, it is the study of men- respects. His career is packed full of incident and tal functions that gives the starting point and the adventure of the most diverting description; and method to the psychologist's search. The variations though the lesson it teaches is not always the one that are composed upon this central theme, and the he may have thought to convey, the reader cannot diversity of problems to which its expansion leads, close the book without carrying away something to are broad enough to warrant the sub-title, “ A Text- pay him for the time spent in its perusal. Despite book of Psychology." Mr. Spiller is a master in . the author's eccentricities, which the courts have the art of introspection; and for whatever topic declared to amount to insanity, he has a winsome that mode of analysis is well adapted to bring to personality, as the children that flock around him light the recondite relations of mental operations, abundantly testify; and his book, with all its glori- the book may be counted upon to contribute some- fication of the writer, is pleasantly suggestive of his thing worthy, original, and interesting. It is in this personality. Omitting the more important features respect that the pages frequently remind one of the of bis history, features comparatively well known spiciness (though the flavor is different) of the to the ld, we may note one or two minor indica- work of Professor James. Mr. Spiller takes little tions of character that please us. An enthusiastic at second-hand; indeed, his manner of disposing of admiration for Emerson is one of them. As a boy the opinions of former psychologists, were it not in Waltham, he first saw and heard the Concord obviously sincere, would suggest disrespect. Yet lecturer. “I will come to lecture,” wrote Emerson, the literature of the topic is clearly utilised and “ for $5 for myself, but ask you for four quarts of rather better recapitulated than in any other single oats for my horse." The lecture was “Nature." work. Whether he is considering the evolution of It was young Train who, in 1847, sold Emerson habits and impulses, or the scope of memory, or the bis ticket to Europe and escorted him to the vessel. rôle of language, or the elaboration of the imagina: There is a good deal of the philosopher about Mr. tion, or the conditions imposed by the nervous sys- Train. Living now on three dollars a week at the tem, or the fluctuations of function in disturbed or Mills Hotel on Bleecker street, which he chooses to distorted mental states, or the world of dreams, or call the Mills Palace, he says, “Here I am more the significance of originality, or the province of contented than I was at Newport ” — where the wsthetics, or the paramount importance of attention expenses of his villa amounted to $2000 a week. in the distinctive thought-activities of man, the author His propensity for getting into trouble with the carries with him the reader's interest by the vigor powers that be is most amusing. Fifteen times, he of his presentation, the suggestive pertinence of tells us, he has been in jail, without a crime. A his illustrations, and the clearness of his purpose. tendency to estimate men in terms of dollars and As these characteristics are by no means sufficiently cents is not unnatural in this man of material distinctive of any group of writers — psychologists achievement; yet he is not easily humbugged by included — to be regarded as commonplace, the vol- mere display of wealth. The secret of his various ume may be emphatically recommended as one that successes in the world of commerce is probably is likely to bring many things to many men. found in his alertness, his Yankee ingenuity, his un- Mr. Alfred Austin's “The Haunts tiring energy, his abounding self-confidence, and his The outing of a of Ancient Peace” (Macmillan) is never failing optimism. The book of this railroad- poet laureate. builder was written with railroad speed dictated the gentle prose narrative of a Sep- in thirty-five hours. But its marks of haste are tember outing taken by the four people of “ The Garden That I Love.” Lamia stipulates that their not many; the worst is calling Wales an island. pilgrimage shall be only to shrines of old England ; When a distinctively novel and fresh and here, as alwaye, her word is law with the An original psychology. treatment of an important domain of shadowy “I” who is the narrator. The places human thought is brought forward, they visit are so vaguely featured as to defy iden- it is proper that the attention of students other than tification ; for "just as a rose by any other name those specially appealed to by the subject in question would smell as sweet, so a slowly mouldering ruin, should be directed toward the work that promises a village the world forgetting, by the world forgot,' some newer insight, some unachieved vista of a a humble pious parsonage, a semi-feudal castle, do fertile region. For such reason, the book of Mr. not lose their charm or their dignity because the Gustav Spiller, which bears the title “ The Mind of material imagination calls them by a wrong appel- Man” (Macmillan), deserves an index-finger of lation.” The conversations of the four travellers 6 26 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL The old missions a a & a range from Shelley to the Papacy, but are too ami- the writer with the convinced exponents of that able, not to say artificial, to stir the reader's feel. fine older type of Americanism which our recent ing. But that on Gladstone, by way of exception, imperialistic debauch has brought into temporary is pointed enough to be somewhat irritating to the disrepute. general reader. The poetry which caps several of There is no more interesting chapter the conversations — and the cheerful reader smiles in the history of colonization in the of California. in spite of himself at the amount of lagging it takes West than that which relates to the to get some of it in is not different from Mr. Aus- establishment, in the eighteenth century, of the tin's other verse. “ If Time Would Halt” shows his Catholic Missions on the Pacific coast. In the year pensive-pious strain at nearly or quite its best, while 1767 the Jesuits were expelled from Mexico and “Willow weed and Meadowsweet” has genuine lyric forced to abandon the missions they had established flow and delicacy. Altogether the story moves in a in Lower California. But their work was taken tenuous, sublunary atmosphere. The people are not up by the Franciscans, and under Fray Junipero real, and cannot do or say real things. Their ex. Serra (one of the most heroic characters of his time) cursion is said to be a drive, and there is one refer- was extended until a chain of missions was estab- ence to “conveyances ” and “animals." But for lished along the whole western coast of California. any of the particularities of driving that are re- There were ten of these missions at the time of corded, these literary pilgrims might have used their Father Junipero's death; and the number was sub- wings. Indeed, the reader would scarcely object if sequently doubled. The mission system left its they had. The power of the book lies in the very impress upon the whole history of California, and atmosphere of unreality which it creates. The established a characteristic style of architecture reader who accepts it at all must leave the “ ephem- which has attracted much attention of recent years. eral fret, fume, and turmoil of to-day," and enter a The late Helen Hunt Jackson made a valuable con. region where reigns a bazily poetic peace, — not, tribution to the historical literature of our country perhaps, the England which Mr. Austin describes when she wrote of these California missions in a series for him with a tender dimness, but at least a region of magazine articles in 1883; and many readers which bis own mind will create for him if he will will be pleased to see her papers upon Father Juni- once submit to the author's unstrenuous leading. pero and his work, the Mission Indians in South- ern California, and other related topics, gathered up A volume of A privately-printed volume of “ Mis- and republished in " Glimpses of California and the literary cellanies," by Mr. Henry Strong, miscellanies. Missions" (Little, Brown & Co.), with illustrations brings together the occasional ad. by Mr. Sandbam. Those who love the traditions dresses, papers, and other literary diversions of that centre upon the mission system of that locality a man who has thought deeply upon many sub- will wish that they might have found more extended jects, and who, without being a professional writer, treatment in Mr. Charles Warren Stoddard's inim- has for nearly half a century brought a well- itable style, in bis book entitled "In the Footprints equipped intellect to bear upon many of the most serious human concerns. Mr. Strong has the pro- of the Padres” (A. M. Robertson, San Francisco). All that it has to say about the Mission Padres is fessional training of the lawyer, although he has confined to a single chapter; while the remainder not practiced his profession for many years. Con- of the book is devoted to entertaining papers upon tact with large affairs and intercourse with many other interesting phases of life in San Francisco at of the most distinguished men of his time have the time when the town of the "forty-niners "grad- ripened his judgment and given weight to his ideas. The contents of this volume range all the ually gave place to the modern city,—the metrop- olis of the Pacific Coast. way from his casual remarks upon the opening of the cable system of street railways in Chicago to his With the pages of his narrative evi- Supreme Court argument (1867) “Ex-Relatione The revolutionary dencing a painstaking capacity for rank and file. Riggs vs. Johnston County ”. a leading case of a minute research, Mr. Charles generation ago. Several of the papers were pre- Knowles Bolton has collated from the published pared for the Chicago Literary Club, the Chicago histories, biographies, diaries, correspondence, and Ethical Society, and the various legal associations other documents of the revolutionary period, an ex- which he has been invited to address. A number baustive array of recitals, incidents, colloquies, and of them are personal tributes, among which are anecdotes, illustrative of the point of view of the noteworthy the memorial addresses upon Justice rank and file of the continental army, which is pub- Miller of the U. S. Supreme bench and Governor lished in a volume entitled “ The Private Soldier J. Sterling Morton, both of whom were intimate under Washington ” (Scribner). What steps bad friends of the writer from his earliest years. The been taken toward the organization of that army papers that are occupied with ethical and religious before the conflict at Lexington, how the exciting themes are liberal in their outlook and broad- news of that and other similar conflicts was spread minded in their conclusions. The open letter on throughout the scattered settlements of the colonies, the Philippine question is perhaps the most valu- how that army grew, notwithstanding many obsta- able single number of the collection, and ranges cles and difficulties, and the characteristic virtues 1908.] 27 THE DIAL simile copy a and foibles of the men who entered the service, are States, but he writes with so much assurance coupled here clearly set forth, as exhibited in the first sources with disparaging references to other books that he of information so copiously cited by the industrious is likely to impose upon the novice. His most strik- writer. The army and navy were enforced com. ing claim is that William Beach Lawrence wrote in petitors; for the passion for privateering often inter- the interest of Monroe the “ History of Louisiana fered with enlistments into the land forces. A fac- to which the kindly Marbois, at the feeble age of of one of Paul Jones's enlistment“broad. eighty-three, lont the use of his name.” This state- sides” of 1777, contrasted with copies of other ment is unsupported by the slightest evidence, and "broadsides" inviting enlistments into the army ; is preposterous on its face. He also claims that the and the illustrations showing the dress, accoutre- famous speeches of Napoleon relating to Louisiana, ments, arms, and equipment of the soldiers of the contained in Marbois, were transferred bodily and line, the requisitions made for supplies for them, without credit from Garden's “History of Treaties,” the orders issued for their government, and the whereas the fact is that Garden wrote long after style of money paid them and their receipts there- Marbois, and copied Marboisi nstead of Marbois's for, unite to furnish a vivid picture of the conditions copying him. The speeches do not occur in the surrounding the men who fought for Independence. earlier work of Schoell, which Garden revised and Much of the gossip of the revolutionary field, camp, enlarged. As reported by Marbois, they were doubt- and bivouac is here conveniently and agreeably less largely imaginary, according to the fashion of summarized. historical writing at the time, but they nevertheless The temerity it takes to write any accurately represented Napoleon's attitude toward Amelioration thing more about the slums is justi- the subject. The book closes with sketcbes of the of city slums. fied, and on the whole amply justified, foremost nine heroes of peace and war, from Wash- by Mrs. Betts's “ The Leaven in a Great City' ington to Grant, who, in Mr. Howard's opinion, (Dodd, Mead & Co.). There is none of Mr. Riis's “best teach patriotism and love of country by ex. Dickens-like picturesqueness in the book, nor of ample.” Miss Addams's philosophic grasp; but the testimony to the present condition of slum-dwellers in New York is both sympathetic and expert. The text of NOTES. the writer's arraignment is : "Not poverty, but the burden imposed by political corruption, is the blight The Irwin Press is the style of a new publishing of home-life in the tenement-house sections of New concern recently established in Pittsburg. The first York.” She makes it painfully clear how the help- John Decastro,” reviewed in our last issue. publication of the firm is the new edition of “Mr. less immigrant falls into the hands of the ward boss, The complete works of John Lyly, now for the first who gives or refuses him work, determines his moral time collected, are about to be issued from the Oxford standards, and controls his vote. And she lays the University Press. Mr. R. Warwick Bond, M.A., has blame at the door of the respectable citizen, espec- edited the volumes, to which he contributes a life of ially the church-member, who allows the ward boss the author. to be. The book is not a tirade, however, but a A life of Joseph Parker, the late widely-known pas- faithful and valid account of life in the tenements. tor of the City Temple, London, has been prepared by It admirably supplements Mr. Riis's books by laying his long-time friend and associate, Dr. William Adam- stress on the work of the women's and girls' clubs, son, and will be issued at an early date by the Fleming H. Revell Co. and of the college settlement on Rivington street. Not all of the " leaven" is catalogued. Very little The Lothrop Publishing Company has recently ac- is told of the work of the churches, except its past quired from Small, Maynard & Co. all the rights in Mr. Richard Burton's three volumes of verse, “ Dumb inadequacy; and even Mulberry Park is not men- in June," " Memorial Day,” and “Lyrics of Brother- tioned. But it is much to have given a clearer hood"; and also in his volume of essays, “ Literary understanding of the slums, and of some of the Likings," of which they are printing a new edition. spots therein that have been leavened. In his forthcoming volume of Biographical Sketches" Mr. James Bryce has made a collection of some very Mr. James Q. Howard's “ History interesting articles which have from time to time ap- Ill-advised American history. of the Louisiana Purchase” (Calla- peared in the leading English journals. Most of the gban) is made up of articles origin- . men of whom he writes are those with whom he has ally sent to the newspapers by the Press and Pub- been closely associated in public life and friendship. licity Department of the St. Louis Exposition, The Macmillan Co. will publish the book this month. which are now collected and issued in book form A revised edition of Shakespeare's “ Macbeth," as " with the approval of the Exposition Company.” presented in the Variorum Edition, will shortly be is- The style of the book is bad, and the subject matter sued by J. B. Lippincott Co., the publishers of that edition. The new volume will be the first to appear is partly irrelevant and partly erroneous. The under the editorship of Mr. Horace Howard Furness, author's evident purpose is to exalt Livingston at Jr., the son of Dr. Horace Howard Furness, LL.D., the the expense of Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe. distinguished Shakespearian scholar, whose monumental He does not grasp the combination of circumstances work the Variorum Edition is. Father and son have that caused the cession of Louisiana to the United worked together in the forthcoming play, but it is the 28 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL University, well known as an authority on early Span- ish discoveries and colonization in the New World. The series will include a very careful and extensive bibliography of Philippina — the most valuable that has yet appeared, and there will be an exhaustive analytical index to the complete work. The edition, comprising fifty-five volumes, is limited to one thousand sets. The first volume will appear this month. intention of the elder Doctor Furness to relinquish the task of editorship of future volumes in the edition en- tirely to bis son, who will take up the historical plays and probably present “Richard III.” as the first vol- ume under bis individual editorship. The New Amsterdam Book Co. will shortly add to their “ Commonwealth Library a new edition, re- printed in unabridged form from the Andover edition of 1830, of Harmon's “ A Journal of Voyages and Travels in the Interior of North America." A medical book of considerable literary interest may be expected in Dr. George M. Gould's “ Biographic Clinics,” to be issued shortly by Messrs. P. Blakiston's Son & Co. The volume is a consideration and diag- nosis of the ill-health of five English men of letters of the last century — De Quincey, Carlyle, Darwin, Hux- ley, and Browning Messrs. Little, Brown, & Co. announce that the pub- lication of their three-volume edition of “ The Speeches and Other Writings of Daniel Webster Hitherto Un- collected” has been postponed until after the holidays. This firm is about to begin the publication of a new subscription edition of the works of Daniel Webster in eighteen volumes. The death of Mrs. Mary Hartwell Catherwood, the day after Christmas, at the age of fifty-five, removed from the ranks of American novelists one of the most skil- ful and charming of recent writers. Her special subject was the romance of American history as found in Park- man and other chroniclers of the old life of the North- west — the life in which Indians, French, and English came into such interesting relations. In this field Mrs. Catherwood was a pioneer, for "The Romance of Dol- lard” was published in 1889, and soon followed by “The Story of Tonty," « The Lady of Fort St. John,” and other pleasing reconstructions of a richly romantic period. Her most elaborate work, and her most suc- cessful from the publishers' point of view was the “ Lazarre" of last year. On the whole, Mrs. Cather- wood has made a fresh and substantial contribution to our fictive literature, and her death is a serious loss to letters, as well as a cause of profound grief to the many friends to whom she was endeared by a singularly gra- cious and winning personality. What will no doubt prove to be one of the most im- portant historical enterprises undertaken in this country of recent years is announced by the Arthur H. Clark Co. of Cleveland. This work will present (mainly in English translation, the most important printed works relating to the Philippine Islands, from 1493 to 1803; including also a large number of heretofore unpub- lished Mss., gathered from various foreign archives and libraries, which have thus far been most difficult of access. The material thus presented will comprise explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history, and records of the Catholic Missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts; showing the political, economic, commercial, and religious conditions of the islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the beginning of the nineteenth century. The series will be edited and annotated by Miss Emma Helen Blair, A.M., of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin, assistant editor of « The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents,” and Mr. James Alexander Robertson, Ph.B., also formerly engaged upon that work. An his- torical introduction and notes are furnished by Mr. Edward Gaylord Bourne, Professor of History in Yale TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS. January, 1903. Americanism for British Trade-Unions. World's Work. Arctic Whaling of To-day. J. B. Connolly. Harper. Army, A Day in the. H. M. Higday. World's Work. Army Canteen - Why It Should be Restored. No. American. Arnold, Benedict, – Naval Patriot. J. R. Spears. Harper. Arnold's Battle with the Wilderness. J. H. Smith. Century. Austria, Emperor of. Sydney Brooks. North American. Battleship of Future. Lewis Nixon. World's Work. Becqueral Rays. J. J. Thompson. Harper. Beef Prices, Advance in. F. C. Croxton. Rev. of Reviews. British Aristocracy – Is It on the Wane? North American. British Education Bill. W. T. Stead. Review of Reviews.' Cairo to Khartum. W. G. Erving. Century. Canada, Our Industrial Invasion of World's Work. Caribbean Craters. George C. Curtis. Century. Child, Right of the. Ida H. Harper. North American. Chinese and Western Civilization. Wu Ting-Fang. Harper. City and Country Population, Proportion of. World's Work. Curzon's Services to India. North American. Diaz of Mexico. Charles Johnston. North American. Dickens as a Man of Letters. Alice Meynell. Atlantic. Disease, War againgt. C.-E. A. Winslow. Atlantic. England in 1902. R. Brimley Johnson. Atlantic. Ethan Allen's Country. Julian Ralph. Harper. Franklin in Germany. J. G. Rosengarten. Lippincott. Howells and James, Latest Novels of. Atlantic. Italy, Agrarian Reform in. North American. Krupp, Friedrich Alfred. World's Work. Krupp, the Philanthropist. Elisabeth Carden. Rev. of Revsi The, and their Steel Works. Review of Reviews. London's Oldest Art-Club. Arthur Lawrence. Harper. Man Who Is to come. Benjamin Kidd. Harper. Manufactures, American. E. D. Jones. World's Work. Mascagni, Pietro: An Inquiry. L. Gilman. No. American. Nast, Thomas. Ernest Knaufft. Review of Reviews. Number 4 Park Street. Atlantic. Office Building, Biography of. A. Goodrich. World's Work. Orchestral Music, Future of. W.J. Henderson. Atlantic. Ox, American, and his Pasture. E. B. Andrews. Rev. of Revs. Paris Pawnshops. Cleveland Moffett. Century. Plants of Crystal. Albert Mann. Harper. Poe-Chivers Papers. G. E. Woodberry. Century. Police, Our Lawless. W.J. Gaynor. North American. Rain, Little, A Land of. Mary Austin. Atlantic. Reed, Thomas B. H. B. F. Macfarland. Rev. of Reviews. Rural Free Delivery. D. A. Willey. Review of Reviews. Russian Newspaper, Conducting a. World's Work. Ship-Saving, Modern Methods of. World's Work. So. America, Greater Germany in. S. Bonsal. No. American. Story, My Own. J. T. Trowbridge. Atlantic. Sugar Trust, The So-Called. Franklin Clarkin. Century. Tariff on Iron and Steel. Archer Brown. North American. Travellers' Tales. Agnes Repplier. Atlantic. Treasury and Money Market. C. A. Conant. Rev. of Revs, Trusts, President and the. Albert Shaw. Century, Tuscan Maremma, In the. Vernon Lee. Harper. Warner's Humor, Qualities of. J. H. Twichell. Century. Western Contributions to Democracy. F. J. Turner. Atlan. Wives, English, and American Housekeeping. Lippincott. Words, Coinage of. G. L. Kittredge. Harper. Universities and Commercial Education. North American. Venezuela and the Powers. A, Maurice Low. Rev. of Revs. Krupps, ) 1903.) 29 THE DIAL LIST OF NEW BOOKS. (The following list, containing 65 titles, includes books received by THE DIAL since its last issue.] . BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS. Constable and his Influence on Landscape Painting. By C. J. Holmes. Illas. in photogravure, large 4to, gilt top, pp. 252. E. P. Dutton & Co. $35. net. Rochester and Other Literary Rakes of the Court of Charles II. With Some Account of their Surroundings. By the author of "The Life of Sir Kenelm Digby." Illus. in photogravure, eto., 8vo, unout, pp. 332. Longmans, Green, & Co. $4.80 net. Memories of Vailima. By Isobel Strong and Lloyd Osbourne. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut. Charles Scrib- ner's Sons. $1.20 net. Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford, Prime Minister 1710–1714: A Study of Politics and Letters in the Age of Anne. By E. S. Roscoe. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 256. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $2.50 net. Molière. By Leon H. Vincent. 18mo, gilt top, pp. 233. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. 85 cts. net. HISTORY. Three Years' War. By Christiaan Rudolf de Wet; with portrait by John S. Sargent, R.A. Large 8vo, uncut, pp. 448. Charles Scribner's Song. $2,50 net. The Romance of the Colorado River: The Story of its Discovery in 1840, with an account of the Later Explora- tions, and with Special Reference to the Voyages of Powell through the Line of the Great Canyons. By Frederick S. Dellen baugh. Illus. in color, eto.. 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 399. G. P. Patnam's Sons. $3.50 net. Ohio and her Western Reserve. With a Story of Three States. By Alfred Mathews. Illus., 12mo, pp. 330. Expansion of the Republic Series." D. Appleton & Co. $1.25 net. Where American Independence Began: Quinooy, its Famous Group of Patriots; their Deeds, Homes, and Do- scendants. By Daniel Munro Wilson. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, unout, pp. 289. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $2. net. The Papal Monarchy, from St. Gregory the Great to Boni- face VIII. (590-1303). By William Barry, D.D. 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Write for Rates and Printed Matter. W. C. RINEARSON, G. P. A., Cincinnati, O. 1903.) 35 THE DIAL Four of the Season's Best Novels ) F. MARION CRAWFORD'S “ A Story which will not readily be forgotten” is New Novel The Four FEATHERS “IS SO STRONG AND NOVEL A LOVE STORY THAT MANY READERS WILL, WE THINK, COM- PARE IT WITH 'MR. ISAACS,' THE AUTHOR'S FIRST AND MOST POPULAR BOOK. MR. CRAW. FORD, WILL, WE THINK, BE HELD TO HAVE SCORED A NEW AND DISTINCT SUCCESS IN THIS STORY." — North American, Philadelphia. "A SPLENDID WORK FROM EVERY POINT OF VIEW. THE PLOT IS ORIGINAL AND SKILLFULLY WORKED OUT. THE LOVE STORY IS EVENLY SUSTAINED, STRONG AND DRA- MATIC." - Times-Union, Albany. “MR. MASON HAS IN AN UNUSUAL DEGREE A KNOWLEDGE OF THE WORLD AND THE GIFT OF IMPROVISING VIVID DRAMATIC SITUA. "A VEIN OF THE SUPERNATURAL RUNS THROUGH THIS STORY, AND MAKES IT QUITE DIFFERENT FROM, THOUGH NOT ONE WHIT LESS CHARMING THAN, SOME OF MR. CRAW- FORD'S EARLIER WORKS. 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Historic homes and places are described, and the New York of those days is set before us. etc. a a A Practical Book by a Practical Man The Work of Wall Street By SERENO S. Pratt. (Second Volume in Appletons’ Business Series.) Illustrated. 12mo, cloth, $1.25 net; postage, 12 cents additional. With admirable clearness Mr. Pratt has performed well a task undertaken by no other writer. From an inti- mate connection, extending over many years, with the most trustworthy sources of information, he has written entertainingly of the marvelous machinery employed in what is now rapidly becoming the world's financial center. It would be difficult to mention any material fact relating to money or speculation of which there is not an adequate presentation. Mr. Pratt has assumed the position of an impartial observer, avoiding all straining for pictorial effect, and giving with commendable conscientiousness just the information desired by the outsider, and to be found in no other book. An Authoritative Book of Sports Racquets, Tennis, and Squash By EUSTACE Miles, Amateur Tennis Champion of the World, American Tennis-Squash Champion, 1900. Uniform with “ Taylor on Golf.” Illustrated. 12mo, cloth, $1.60 net; postage, 16 cents additional. A Remarkable Psychological Study The Journal of Arthur Stirling Revised and Condensed with an Introductory Sketch. 12mo, cloth, $1.25 net ; postage, 12 cents additional. A true story of a man of education and culture who had high literary aspirations, his wanderings among pub- lishers and magazine editors, the impressions he gained by the way, and his death by suicide. An Important Book of Travel Through the Heart of Patagonia By HESKETH PRICHARD, Author of “ Where Black Rules White — Hayti.” With Twenty Illus- trations (some in Color) from Drawings by J. G. Millais, Author of “A Breath From the Veldt ”; and a large number of Illustrations from Photographs. Small Imperial 8vo, $5.50 net. Mr. Prichard's long-expected book, “ Through the Heart of Patagonia," contains a minute description of the daily life, manners and customs, and hunting methods of the Tehuelche Indians, the largest race on earth, long fabled to be giants. Their mode of life is curious, and so many conflicting accounts of them have been brought to England from Elizabethan times up to the present, that to have the caciques and their chinas brought before the eyes of the reader in a series of remarkable photographs and drawings gives exceptional interest to the book. The book is illustrated not only by photographs, but also in color and with black and white drawings by John Guilde Millais, F.Z.S., the famous animal painter. > D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, PUBLISHERS NEW YORK BOSTON CHICAGO THE DIAL A Semis Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. BJÖRNSONIANA. THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, postage prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries comprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must be added. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by erpress or poslal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO Clubs and for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application; and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATES furnished on application. All communications should be addressed to THE DIAL, Fino Arts Building, Chicago. No. 398. JAN. 16, 1903. Vol. XXXIV. a CONTENTS. PAGE BJÖRNSONIANA 37 ECHOES FROM THE SOUTH AFRICAN STRUGGLE. Wallace Rice 39 “FRIEND OF THOREAU.” Annie Russell Marble . 40 · Now you THE AMERICAN EMPIRE. James Oscar Pierce. 42 I re- AT THE COURT OF CHARLES II. Percy F. Bicknell. The celebration, last December, of Herr Björnson's seventieth birthday was marked by the publication of much interesting matter in the Scandinavian reviews, as well as by a “ Festskrift” made up of contributions in prose and verse by a large number of the poet's friends. The matter thus brought to light includes a considerable fund of anecdote and reminiscence, from which we have thought it worth while to make a few selections for trans- lation and reproduction in these pages. Herr Edvard Grieg, the composer, relates the fol. lowing incident of the old days : “ It was Christmas eve of 1868 at the Björnsons in Christiania. They lived then in the Rosenkrantzgade. My wife and I were, as far as I can remember, the only guests. The children were very boisterous in their glee. In the middle of the floor an immense Christmas tree was enthroned and brightly lighted. All the servant-folk came in, and Björnson spoke, beautifully and warmly, as he well knows how to do. shall play a hymn, Grieg,' he said, and although I did not quite like the notion of doing organist's work, I naturally complied without a murmur. It was one of Grundtvig's hymns in 32 – thirty-two verses. signed myself to my fate with stoicism. At the begin- ning I kept myself awake, but the endless repetitions had a soporific effect. Little by little I became as stupid as a medium. When we had at last got through with all the verses, Björnson said : • Isn't that fine. Now I will read for you !' And so we got all thirty- two verses once more. I was completely overawed." The following bit of personal address is from Herr Frits Thaulow, the well-known painter : “You were once chosen as president of the student society. There were wild rumors about that your op- ponents would hiss you and bombard you with rotten apples. In the afternoon you paced back and forth over the threshold, and I easily understood that you were nervous and fearful. I tried to put in a com- forting word, but you couldn't understand it in the least. Your trepidation was truly artistic. • It is al- ways so deucedly hard to begin,' you said, “I must be quite sure of my beginning — until the sweat begins to stream from the pores, after that a speech takes care of itself.'" Herr Thaulow also relates the following about a festive gathering of students : “The manager came in and announced with a loud voice that it was past twelve. Then you sprang up. Bring champagne ! Now I will speak of what comes after twelve o'clock ! of all that lies beyond the 44 46 6 RELIGION FROM VARIOUS POINTS OF VIEW. T. D. A. Cockerell Everett's The Psychological Elements of Religious Faith. – King's Theology and the Social Con- sciousness. - Cone's Rich and Poor in the New Testament. — Brooks's The Law of Growth and Other Sermons. — Herford's The Small End of Great Problems. 48 . 66 BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS The "New International.” — A noble son of Mas- sachusetts. - An up-to-date treatise on Copyright law.--" Lost Letters from Lesbos.” — The Makers of British Art. -- Six sensible sermons. — A history of English pleasure gardens. A compendium of our national expansions. -- Roman history in biog- raphy.- Familiar talks on our familiar birds. BRIEFER MENTION 51 . . NOTES 52 <<< LIST OF NEW BOOKS 53 . . 88 [Jan. 16, THE DIAL respectable hour for retiring! For the hour when fancy a rule without any money in his pocket. He neither awakens and fills us with longings for the world of won- owned a purse nor knew the French coins. His per- derland; then the painter sees only the dim ontline in sonal expenditures were restricted to the books he the moonlight, then the musician hears the silence, then bought, and now and then a theatre ticket. One day he came excitedly into , shoots of the next. After twelve freedom begins. The *** Who took my five frane piece ?" It was a five frane all day's tumult is stilled, and the voice within becomes piece that he bad got somewhere or other and had stuck audible.' in his pocket to buy a theatre ticket with. It turned out “ Thus you spoke, and after twelve' became a that the maid bad found it and given it to Fru Björnson. watchword with us. For it seemed quite unthinkable to her that the master “ Many a spark has been kindled in your soul by the should have any money to take ont with him. quiet evening time. But later in life, when you be- “ This complete indifference of Björnson to small mat- come a chieftain in the battle, broad daylight also made ters sometimes proved annoying. In this connection its demands upon you. Like the sun you shone upon us I may tell of a little trip he once took with Jonas Lie. and made the best that was in us to grow, but I shall “ The two poets, who did not live far apart, bad long always keep a deep artistic affection for what comes counted with pleasure upon a trip to Père Lachaise, "after twelve.'” where they wished to visit Alfred de Musset's grave. Herr Werner Söderbjelm, who writes in At last the day came, and with big soft hats on their Swedish of the poet's relations to Finland, is heads, and engaged earnestly in conversation, they drove away through Paris. speaking of certain evenings spent with him “When they came to Père Lachaise, and wanted to in Paris, where both Finns and Scandinavians enter the cemetery, the driver stopped them and asked gathered together to recreate a bit of home for his pay. Then it appeared that neither bad any beneath the alien skies of France. money, which they smilingly explained, and asked him in bad French to wait and drive them bome “ He who bas ever been present on one of these festival again. But the two gentlemen with the big soft hats occasions, such as a Seventeenth of May festival in some had not inspired the driver with any marked degree of beautiful spot near Paris, where Björnson and Jonas confidence. He made a scene, and attracted a great Lie, inspired at once by the glorious memories of the day crowd of the boys, loafers, and well-dressed Frenchmen and the beauty of the natural surroundings, opened the who always collect on critical occasions. The end of warmest springs of their poetic hearts, and poured out the affair was that the poets bad to get into their cab streams of eloquence; and when afterwards, as the again and drive all the long way back without having shades of night fell, all went home with Björnson, and had a glimpse of the grave. When they reached Lie's beneath bis roof his daughter sang her fatber's songs, lodgings, Lie went in to get some money, while Björnson while in husbed and reverent mood we all turned to- sat in the cab as a hostage. Nevertheless, both poets ward the skald, as he sat there plunged in serious maintained that they had had a pleasant expedition. thought — be, who has been present on such an occa- A Norwegian question, which had accidentally come sion, will keep the memory as one of the few that may up between them, had made them forget all about never be matched again upon life's journey." Alfred de Musset." When the poet purchased his estate in the Gausdal, his coming was looked forward to Herr Cavling once asked his friend upon what occasion in his life he had taken the greatest with mingled feelings by the good country folk of the neighborhood. Herr Kristofer Janson pleasure in knowing that he was a poet. This was his reply : thus tells the story of his arrival: “It was when a delegation from the Right came to “ His coming was anticipated with a certain anxiety my house in Christiania and smashed all the windows. and apprehension, for was be not a horrid radical'? Because when they had thus attacked me and were The dean in particular thought that he might be a men- starting for home again, they felt that they ought to sing ace to the safe spiritual slumber of the village. As the something, and so they began to sing, · Yes, we love this dean one day was driving through the village in his land of ours '; they couldn't do anything else! They had carriole, just where the road turns sharply by the bridge below Aulestad, he met another carriole which was to sing the song of the man whom they had attacked.” rapidly driving that way and in it a man who, without The last of our anecdotes is also related in respect for the clerical vehicle, shouted with all the the poet's own words. strength of his lungs : • Half the road !' The dean “ I had a pair of old boots that I wanted to give to turned aside, saying with a sigh : • Has Björnson come a beggar. But just as I was going to give them to to the Gausdal at last ?' him, I began to wonder whether Karoline bad not some “ It was indeed so, and he showed his colors at the use for them, since she usually gave such things to start. The same dean and Björnson became the best beggars. So I took the boots in my hand, and went of friends afterwards, and found much sport in inter- downstairs to ask her, but on the way I got a little changing genial jests whenever they met." worked up because I did not quite dare to give them Our remaining anecdotes are taken from a to the beggar myself. And the further I went down reminiscent paper by Herr Henrik Cavling, the steps, the more wrathful I got, until I stood over who writes chiefly of the eighties when the poet her. And then I was so angry that I had to bluster at her as if she had done me a grievous wrong. But she was living in Paris for a considerable portion could not understand a word of wbat I said, and looked at me with such amazement, that I could not keep “ It was one of Björnson’s peculiarities to go out as from bursting into laughter." : 6 6 of each year. 1903.) 39 THE DIAL a > a narrative within compass. It is better ordered, The New Books. and written in a better style, than General de Wet's. On the other hand, the soldier's story ECHOES FROM THE SOUTH AFRICAN of incessant fighting, though written with a dis- STRUGGLE.* regard for English idiom which often impresses the reader as a foreign accent might a listener, The two books just issued from the hands is easier to follow and more immediately inter- of President Paul Kruger and General Chris- tiaan Rudolf de Wet serve to accent the evils esting, in spite of its not containing the ample material for thought which in heres in the other. of the censorship enforced by Great Britain during the recent war in South Africa. For Kruger's memoirs is his unfailing belief, from Perhaps the most impressive feature of Mr. Americans they contain little that is new or the first knowledge he obtained of the British unexpected, while they seem to have been in many respects a revelation to the British read- nation, that England coveted the territory of the burghers and would stick at nothing to ing public. It is readily conceivable that the obtain it. In General de Wet's story one is conditions would be directly reversed if, say, continually struck with the fewness of the men President Aguinaldo and General Luna were to publish their version of the war for conquest these men, little disciplined as they were, ran an composing the burgher commands; and with in the Philippines in Great Britain and America. In either event it may be said that unexpressed contempt for the British as equal foes, much more galling, of a surety, than open the people of the United States and of Great boasting could be. Curious reflections arise, Britain respectively have been informed con- too, when one reads in both books the constantly cerning the two wars in inverse ratio to their recurring citations of the Scriptures and the direct interest in them - not the most reassur- ing element in free government, nor one to make unfailing belief that the fighting men of the either nation welcome militarism with any joy. Jehovah - thus for once surpassing the British two Republics were under the particular care of Because the American newpapers have been in one of their most salient characteristics. able to print news from South Africa denied Mr. Kruger's book is a sad one,- the reflec- to the British press there is, therefore, little of tions of an old and disappointed, but not em- novelty in the volumes under discussion, nor bittered, man. His arraignment of his enemy do they alter in any respect the opinion of their authors generally held by American news- is not wholly candid, but is quite as honest and fair as any presentation made against paper readers of intelligence. Mr. Kruger is his people and policy. His life has been that seen to be of a type little known in the United States, though his combination of evangelical beasts to conquer from the beginning, and the of a pioneer, with savage men and savage religion and personal valor would not have result shows itself in self-centering and self- seemed so strange to those of our ancestors who took part in King Philip’s war, for ex- sufficiency, the words being used in no invidi. His was a hard school, but it can- ample. Indeed, the fighting with the Kaffirs not be said to have hardened his nature, or in the years following the Great Trek, in wbich divested him of human sympathy. On the con- the youthful Kruger, though little more than a boy, took a man's part, is often reminiscent shows how deeply he has felt . trary, the tone of sorrow pervading the book , It is not from of the dealings of the Puritans with the Wam- these memoirs, of course, that the reader can panoags and Narragansetts. General de Wet learn how greatly indebted Mr. Kruger has is more modern in every respect, but still with been to the interferences of Great Britain for that touch of fanaticism which Calvinism, like his prominence in the South African Republic, Islam, breeds in its devotees. Both of the men tell their stories in Dateh, and both have had except in the information conveyed between the lines. One discovers that every time the their writings translated into English by an element in the Republic which believed in pro- anonymous hand. Mr. Kruger's narrative is gression made substantial gains in public favor, evidently one of selection, much of the mate- some act of the British took place at a time rial at his disposal being put aside to keep his suitable to throw popularity once more into the THE MEMOIRS OF PAUL KRUGER, Four Times President bands of the reactionary element of which Mr. of the South African Republic. Told by himself. With Kruger was the natural leader. The figures portrait. New York: The Century Co. THREE YEARS' WAR. By Christiaan Rudolf de Wet. given in the elections which elevated him to With portrait. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. the presidency of the nation, too well known ous sense. 40 [Jan. 16, THE DIAL 9 to require citation here, are abundant proof of to the British conquest - less than that could this, and support the contention of the English not have been expected. General de Wet Liberals that a more conciliatory policy would dedicates his work to “my fellow-subjects of have resulted in the elimination of Mr. Kruger Mr. Kruger the British Empire," and concludes it with a and his fellow-pioneers from the politics of prayer to his countrymen to be loyal to their the Transvaal. The charge against Sir Alfred new ruler. Neither expends any thought on (now Lord) Milner of deliberately suppressing the future ; but both quote Bismarck's apo- the portions of the conference of May 31, 1899, thegm that Africa is to be England's grave, and which made for peace, are repeated and rein- there is nothing to indicate that they do not forced by documentary evidence, but this is al- believe it. Certainly the admiration both ex- ready an old story to Americans. So, too, is press for Gladstone does not indicate too much the presentation as a judicial farce of the trial confidence in those who have rendered his of Doctor Jamieson and his companions in the policy nugatory. WALLACE RICE. raid, though this could have been drawn more strongly. The statement that it was this raid which led to the armament of the Transvaal is plain and indubitable. A minor detail, that it “ FRIEND OF THOREAU."* was the refusal of the Americans among the Within Thoreau's Familiar " Familiar Letters" Uitlanders to coöperate with Doctor Jamieson readers have gained some acquaintance with under the British flag which brought about the his New Bedford correspondent and friend of failure of the daring scheme, has neither con- later years, Daniel Ricketson. Familiar also firmation nor denial. Throughout the book are the bust, now in the Concord library, and there is complete reluctance to state anything the medallion portrait of Thoreau, by Mr. not personally within the knowledge of the Walton Ricketson. In their city home at writer, leading to a marked narrowing of the New Bedford, surrounded with many rare discussion. volumes and relics of literary friendships, in- General de Wet, also, keeps within his own cluding Thoreau's spy-glass and flute, Mr. personal knowledge of events, and has nothing Ricketson, the sculptor, and his sister have to say of any of the causes that brought about prepared this memorial of their father and his the war. He entered bis country's service as most illustrious friends. Letters, journal- a simple member of his commando, was elected extracts, and poems are here collated, which to his first military office while absent from his reveal with graphic yet dignified intimacy the fellows, and won his way by deeds rather than life of Mr. Ricketson in its subjective aspects words. His language has not the restraint and its relations with his literary associates. of Mr. Kruger's, and he frequently denounces Mr. Ricketson once wrote of himself : “As for those among his countrymen who failed in their myself, if you will excuse an episode of egoism, patriotic duty. He is proud of the fighting I have achieved but little, nor have I desired . qualities shown by those burghers who did fame. I have rather been the friend of good fight, and he constantly bewails the lack of and noted men and women.” To most readers military discipline and knowledge in his forces. the interest of this volume will centre about the A more skilful writer could have made this friendship with Thoreau ; yet the personality story one of the most engrossing ever told, but of Mr. Ricketson gleams with a constant light the natural modesty of the man and his eager- which is far more than a reflection of influence. ness to award credit to others divest it of Mr. Sanborn has contributed a brief sketch of much of its interest. Setting forth his admir- the life of this Quaker scholar and nature- ation for General Cronje and his unwilling. lover, a life rounding out more than four-score ness to criticize him, he is none the less plain years of earnest and genial activity. Mr. in his statement that Cronje could have made Ricketson's nature was essentially that of the his escape had he not thought, along old-fashlover, more than the writer, of books, though ioned lines, that it was disgraceful to abandon he published History of New Bedford,” a his wagon train. After the gain in mobility volume of poems, and a few fragments. More due to the inhibition of wagons as part of the social by temperament and affluent by circum- burghers' military equipment, such victories stance than his noted friends, he entertained and reprisals as de Wet's own became fully * DANIEL RICKETSON AND HIS FRIENDS. Edited by possible for the first time. Anna and Walton Ricketson. With portraits. Boston: Mr. Kruger's book leaves him unreconciled Houghton, Mifflin & Co. : a а a 1903.) 41 THE DIAL 66 61 > at his “Brooklawn” mansion, and in his more than a complete, dry list of the fauna “Shanty” close by, many famous men of con- and flora of a town." temporary times, — abolitionists, poets, natur. , Sequential from the correspondence with alists, philosophers. His home was a refuge Thoreau are Mr. Ricketson's letters to Miss for all who were oppressed, and his legal Sophia Thoreau, during her brother’s illness and training was always devoted to their ser- after his death. Later research has convinced vice. His name will be most often associated us that Henry Thoreau was not alone a man with Thoreau, William Ellery Channing, Al. of wonderful individuality, but that he be- cott, and George William Curtis. The de- longed to a family of remarkable mental and scription of Thoreau, as he approached Brook- moral fibre. These letters from his sister, as lawn for his first visit, with his slight awkward well as a few published earlier by Dr. Jones, figure, his large uncouth hat, his umbrella and show intellectual vigor and a courageous ac- travelling-bag, resembling “either a peddler ceptance of all life's burdens, finding within or some way-traveller,” has already been pre- her deeper nature ever a singing soul.” Her served in print ; but no words can so ade- detailed iterations of her brother's patience, quately express that impression as the pencil cheer, and "childlike trust,” are full of rare sketch by Mr. Ricketson here given, with tenderness and heroism. In one of his letters sufficient hint of the cartoonist to intensify but to her, Mr. Ricketson refers to his verses, im- not degrade the humor. The interchange of provised during one of Thoreau's visits to New letters and visits between Ricketson and | Bedford, when, in a mood of exhilaration, and Thoreau, — a result of the former's enjoyment incited by a spirited tune upon the piano, the of " Walden,”— filled the last eight years of poet-philosopher executed a strange rhythmic Thoreau's life, from 1854 to 1862. “I recog. recog- dance, slyly stepping upon Alcott's toes in nize many of my own experiences in your • Wal- his gyrations before the astonished company. den,' ?” wrote Mr. Ricketson, citing his simple These stanzas were later included in Mr. tastes, his secluded “Shanty," his studious Shanty,” his studious Ricketson's volume, “ Autumn Sheaf.” Their love of nature and her poets, and his deep imagery and suggestion accord with one's im- devotion to the anti-slavery cause. He prof. aginative picture of such a scene. fered to Thoreau an alluring invitation to visit “ Like the Indian dance of old, him and the haunts that your very soul would Far within the forest shade, leap to behold,”- the Middleboro ponds whose Showing forth the spirit bold, charm was later recorded by the Concord That no foeman e'er dismayed ; - naturalist. “Like the dancing of the Hours, Of the score or more of letters included in Tripping on with merry feet, Triumphing o'er earthly powers, this portion of the volume, some are now first Yet with footsteps all must greet ;- published, others are already included in the * Familiar Letters," but all are interesting 6. Like the Fauns, and Satyrs too, Nimbly leaping in the grove, revelations of the mental vigor and courage, Now unseen and then in view, the high altitudes of thought and life, main- As amid the trees they move." tained by Thoreau during these last years, often invalided for active work, by his con- A few letters from Alcott, Channing, Dr. fession “far, far from my best estate,” yet Japp, Mr. Salt, and other literary friends, offer contented and inspiring to the end. There material of reminiscent value, in the main, are some terse notes of announcements, and memories or estimates of Thoreau. Mr. Theo occasional longer "genuine epistles.” One genuine epistles.” One Brown, referring to a call made by Mr. Blake misses, however, those expansive and himself upon Thoreau shortly before thelat- thoughts, the utterances of his deepest mind ter's death, said: “His talk was up to the best and soul, found in the letters to Mr. Blake. I ever heard from him, the same depth of Humor of typical baldness is interspersed with earnestness and the same infinite depth of fun serious lore, while on every page one is im- going on at the same time.” Especially note- pressed by the reserve and elusiveness of worthy and rare are two letters from the poet Thoreau's self-revelations. Among significant Channing, with his unique tributes to Thoreau's sentences are these : “I am engaged to Con. “ brave and generous Tife” and his “superior cord and my own private pursuits by 10,000 scribbling faculty.” ties, and it would be suicide to rend them.” In the journal-extracts and the poems by “ The man's interest in a single bluebird is Mr. Ricketson, included in the last portion of more 42 (Jan. 16, THE DIAL 6 the volume, one may recognize that depth of territories and dependencies. This is, in brief, thought, that remonstrance against tawdry the view which modern international jurists standards of life, that studious love for nature take of the present relations between the and the English poets — especially Cowper, United States of America and her recently Thomson, and Gray, — which characterized acquired insular possessions. Such a relation- this man of strong personality who get re- ship is entirely normal. “A Nation,” it has joiced to be called “friend of Thoreau." been said, “ is an organized community within Alcott, in his journal here cited, bas a sen- a certain territory.” Later writers name this tence of fine discrimination regarding the con- conception a State. But every Nation may trasting devotions of Thoreau's two friends possess territory, as well as other property, of later life: “ Thoreau has visited R. be- external to the boundaries within which it is fore, and won him as disciple, though not in itself organized. This right is implied in the the absolute way he has Blake of Worcester, term “external sovereignty.” As the author whose love for T.'s genius partakes of the ex- of the work before us states the theory : ceeding tenderness of woman, and is a pure “ The lands and populations which constitute the Platonism, to the fineness, and delicacy of the body and personality of the State are not the only devotee's sensibilities. But R. is himself, and lands and populations over which it may exercise power. It is a fact that the State may and does exer- plays the manly part in the matter, defending cise power over lands and populations which are not, himself against the master's twistiness and and cannot in the nature of things be, a part of the tough ó thorough-craft' with spirit and ability.” body and personality of the State, and that it may be The poems of Mr. Ricketson, here printed, in a permanent relationship to these lands and popula- , need the author's confession of “an impatience tions of such a kind that it must exercise power over them permanently." of rules." They are often infelicitous in form, but ever animated by spontaneous nature-love To the United States pertain the same and religious faith. One is reminded of Whit- rights and privileges, in this respect, as are tier's bucolics and hymns in these less perfect exercised by her fellow nations. What atti- stanzas, which include landscape-poems and tude she should maintain toward distant de- peaceful domestic scenes. pendencies is a question that is new to her The volume is edited with the most delicate officials as a practical problem ; but the career taste and sympathy. Its only marked defect upon which she has entered with the close of is the lack of an index; for bere are many side- the nineteenth century bas made this question lights and direct facts which will be of service imperative. Patrick Henry's “one lamp” for later reference. Contact with such simple must again become our resource. Other na- and strong natures as those of Mr. Ricketson tions have had experience in administering and his literary friends must ever be conducive government in extraneous territories. To to more easeful and earnest thought, and less illustrate historically our present situation in nervous tension of daily life. this respect by examples drawn from the an. ANNIE RUSSELL MARBLE. nals of our fellows, as well as by our own past usages, is the aim of an elaborate treatise by Mr. Alpheus H. Snow, entitled “The Admin- istration of Dependencies.” This writer has THE AMERICAN EMPIRE.* made an exhaustive study of the precedents Given a people organized into a Federal found in French and English history, and has Union of commonwealths, with a central gov. ably marshalled those which are of present value to us. ernment exercising efficiently all the powers The administration of her de- and functions of external sovereignty, and pendencies by France from 1600 to 1787, and there is exhibited a Nation, standing on an the English administration prior to the charter equality with other States, and endowed with of Virginia, are treated in separate chapters, all the attributes recognized by international following which the usages of England prior to her breach with her American colonies are usage as pertaining to organized States, in- cluding among these the power and privilege copiously illustrated. The American Revolu- of acquiring, holding, and governing outlying tion of the normal relations between the King tion originated in a controversy over the ques- THE ADMINISTRATION OF DEPENDENCIES. A Study of Great Britain and his American dependen- of the Evolution of the Federal Empire, with special refer- ence to American Colonial Problems. By Alpheus H. Snow. cies, and this controversy is set forth in extenso. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. The trend of colonial opinion at that time fol 1903.) 43 THE DIAL 66 a lowed the lines marked out before 1750 by are one class of dependencies ; but all depend- the political thought of Europe. It was a encies are not colonies. Mr. Snow is careful to transitional period, and the progress of change adhere scrupulously to his chosen subject, and to in the British constitution led to diverse views write of " dependencies " in the proper sense, - as to the nature of the British state and the though one lapsus is perceptible in the sub-title constitution of her trans-Atlantic colonies. which he chooses for his volume, “A study of How the administration party and the colonial the evolution of the Federal Empire, with spe- statesmen parted company after 1750, at which cial reference to American colonial problems.” time the characteristics of the American con- His frank adoption of the phrase “ Federal stitution seemed to be clearly understood on Empire” shows that the bogey of “imperial- both sides, is succinctly stated by Mr. Snow. ism does not affright this author. Disre- The phases of the quarrel, and the demands garding the old political sense of that term as and deliverances of both parties, from 1761 | indicating the despotic rule of an emperor, be down to the final breach in 1776, are fully de- freely uses it in its geographical sense. The tailed, as are also the successive steps taken extent of territory possessed by a nation which by America thereafter, both in continuing her holds outlying lands in addition to its home controversy with the mother country, after domain is often well named an“ - Empire.” ceasing to be a dependency herself, and in Geographically, the United States may be proceeding toward the administration on her aptly styled an “Imperial Domain," and this own part of the territories that became her without any necessary implication of the other dependencies. Herein we are furnished a brief sense, in which the term describes a form of history of the Revolutionary War from a new government. Modern developments in popular point of view, — namely, that of a contention government have often given to a republic, over the relations between a dominant state whose political system is either representative and its dependencies, leading up to the assump- or democratic, the possession of territories so tion by the late dependencies of nationality extended and scattered that no terms so well for themselves, including incidentally the ex- describe the result as those which imply an em- ercise of their own government over their de- pire in the geographical sense. “The British “ pendencies. After showing how the American Empire” is a familiar example of such a do- system of such government grew to align itself main, from whose home government political with the European precedents, the author imperialism is absent. Even a pure democracy illustrates the styles of such government, fol- may, as a dominant state, lord it over depend. lowed, since the consummation of the American encies as an imperial domain, without debasing Revolution, by the European states, including its democracy. As the modern view is well Great Britain, as well as the course pursued summed up by Mr. Snow : by our own country, in all of which examples “ The old conception of an Empire as a Kingdom there is seen to be a practical similarity in composed of Kingdoms, and of an Emperor as a King principle. The cbapter on American admin- who rules over other Kings, is passing away, and in its stead has come the conception of the Empire as a State istration from 1787 to 1900 includes citations composed of distinct and often widely separated popu- from some of the decisions of the Supreme lations or States, of which a State is the Central Gov- Court on questions that have arisen under the ernment or Emperor." Federal constitution, -enough in number to Vattel, in his time, had come so far as to see illustrate the position taken by that tribunal,- much new meaning in the term "empire," and and sufficient to show abundant precedents, both to attribute to every nation, in addition to its legislative and judicial, in our own experience, own domain, the right of “The empire, or right to guide to the solution of all the problems of supreme command over persons, by virtue of which have recently confronted the nation. which it orders and disposes, according to its “ Colonial ” and “ Imperial” are among the will, of the whole intercourse and commerce of terms extensively used, in recent years, in re- the country.” But it was only a few years later ferring to the relations newly assumed by the that Burke, when discussing the relations be- United States. The first of these adjectives is tween Great Britain and her American Col. wrongly applied to the dependencies of our re- ories, said : “My idea of it is this: That an public; and the second is largely used in that Empire is the aggregate of many States, under connection in a mistaken sense. This nation one common Head, whether this Head be a has no “colonies " in the proper meaning of monarch, or a presiding republic." that word, and never has had any. Colonies The idea that the United States should in ) . - 44 [Jan. 16, THE DIAL > а time become the “presiding republic" of such and Federal-Imperialists ; a distinction which an Empire is by no means a new thought of the author does not suggest to have been under- the nineteenth century. Such a state as Great stood by themselves, and which even he does a Britain was recognized to be in the eighteenth not make clear. The same undue zeal has century, the early American statesmen often pressed too far some of his deductions respect- assumed to be the destiny of America. It was ing the positions occupied by the antagonistic in this geographical sense that Madison, Ham. parties prior to the Revolution. He regards ilton, Jefferson, Ellsworth, Dickinson, Mar- it as established “as a fundamental principle shall, and others, - men whose partisan views of the Constitution of the British Empire for were far from concurrent, — agreed in using the American Colonies,” that “the King was the expressive phrase "American Empire. “ the representative of Great Britain as the Im. The precedents cited by Mr. Snow show how perial State, and that Parliament was also its amply and continuously the actual practice of representative, superior to the King"; and he America in holding and governing her depen. insists that “nothing was better settled than dencies has justified this prophetic expression that there were no constitutional conditions or of the faith of the Fathers. limitations upon the power of Parliament when The conclusion reached by Mr. Snow, as a exercised within the realm of Great Britain.” result of these novel historical investigations, But the colonial statesmen disputed both of is that “the people of the American Union, by these claims as to the supremacy of Parliament, their written constitution, consented to by all and supported their contention by English pre- the people of the Empire, have divided the cedents, legislative and judicial ; and the argu- governmental power under an unwritten Con- ments of James Wilson and John Adams came stitution, so that the Union is the Imperial State near to demonstrating that once there had ex- as respects the dependencies." Thus has been isted limitations upon the power of Parliament, established a "Federal Empire,” composed of the benefit of which the colonists had not sur- “the people and lands of the American Union rendered, and back to which they went in de- and the people and lands of its dependencies.” raigning their political rights. Omission of . The final chapter of the work is an exposition these superfluous statements would not have of the “ Imperial Obligations” which are, by made any less effective or valuable the author's the establishment of this Federal Empire, general conclusions, which his numerous quo- imposed upon the American Union and its tations from historical sources abundantly people.” This imperial state “ has arisen out sustain. JAMES OSCAR PIERCE. of the need for social and economic peace and for equalization of economic conditions, exactly as Confederations and Federal States arose ; it is the only form of organism by which the AT THE COURT OF CHARLES II.* federative principle can be extended beyond the limits of lands occupied by a homogeneous with eager speed, it is as constantly looking While society is constantly moving forward population capable of self-government.' backward with tender regret. This paradox The excerpts here given from this searching has been noted by Macaulay, among others, and study into our colonial and national history will he likens humanity to a caravan traversing an perhaps give some idea of its ambitious purpose. Arabian desert. All is dry and bare in the It is not merely a valuable contribution to the immediate vicinity, but far ahead and far be- popular knowledge of our own institutions, - bind is the semblance of lovely verdure and re- it is an epoch-making book, as a profound ex- freshing springs. Yet when the traveller has position of the inmost characteristics of the hastened forward he finds nothing but sand unwritten constitution of the Republic. where an hour before he had seen the mirror- The work exhibits defects which are largely like surface of a lake; and, looking behind, he in matters of detail, and which detract some- sees a lake where an hour ago he had been toil- what from its high character, but which are ing through burning sand. It is this looking apparently due to the author's excess of enthu- before and after and pining for what is not, siasm for his thesis. There is an unnecessary that gives its peculiar charm to such a book as refinement of analysis, which furnishes no strength to his exposition or his argument, in * RochESTER AND OTHER LITERARY RAKES of the Court of Charles II. By the author of "The Life of Sir Kenelm the attempt to array the Revolutionary states- Digby," "The Life of a Prig,” etc. With portraits. New men against each other as Anti-Imperialists York: Longmans, Green & Co. 1903.) 45 THE DIAL > > - 66 the one under review. The careless gaiety and Deaf to the zealous man of God, merry pranks of Charles the Second's court Who, leaning o'er his pulpit cried make rare reading, if we only shut our eyes to To Lauderdale, by Charles's side: • My Lord, why, 'tis a shameful thing; all the coarseness and vice and shameless prof. You snore so loud you'll wake the king!"" ligacy that accompanied them. Forcing our- selves for a brief space to this incompleteness well known. Even when obliged to assert his His easy familiarity with those about him is of view, we shall find much in the volume on “Rochester and Other Literary Rakes” to dignity, he did so with grace and gentleness. William Penn, being admitted on one occa- smile over. From the pages of Pepys and sion to the royal presence, kept his hat on in Evelyn and Burnet, of Aubrey and Grammont accordance with the rules of his sect, but con- and Wood, and numerous other contemporary trary to those of the court. Charles, how- writers, more or less reputable, the author has collected material sufficiently suitable and trust- ever, uncovered. “Friend Charles,” quoth the worthy for his purpose. In cases of a conflict Quaker, “why dost thou not keep on thy hat?” of authorities, he has, with impartial pen, set “ 'Tis the custom of this place,” was the good- humored reply, “ for only one person to remain down both sides and left the reader to take his covered.” choice. Possibly the meaning of both “ liter- . ary” and “ rake” has been somewhat stretched Among “the mob of gentlemen who wrote with ease was the Duke of Buckingham. to include all the gay company to which we are introduced ; but we will not quarrel with the His readiness of wit was once shown at an author for that. early performance of one of Dryden's plays, The curious theory is put forward that, just an unlucky line of which ran thus, — as diet influences character, so the literature “My wound is great because it is so small." of any given period may perhaps take its tone Scarcely was this out of the player's mouth from the beverage common in that period ; in when Buckingham sprang to his feet and other words, brandy, wine, and beer are thought responded, in a voice clearly audible to the to impart each its peculiar flavor to the prod- house, — ucts of the pen. In reading the poetic effu- Then 'twould be greater were it none at all.” sions of the inebriate Rochester, one may well | This killed the play, but its author took his believe him to have stimulated his fancy with revenge in “ Absalom and Achitophel.' something stronger than “postum cereal.” A The favorite public amusements of the century later Dr. Johnson certainly found co- period were bear-baiting, bull-baiting, cock- pious draughts of tea conducive to a ready flow fighting, and prize fights. Both Pepys, who of ideas. It is, tben, not too much to admit was not over-squeamish, and Evelyn, who was that the coarseness of the poetry and plays pro- more refined, have left accounts of such brutal duced by Rochester and his companions was sports. Even ladies were among the spectators. entirely in keeping with their sensual indul. “After dinner with my wife to the Bear Gar- gence in alcuholic stimulants, and indeed with den," writes Pepys, “ where . I saw some their pleasures and diversions of every sort. good sport of bulls tossing of the dogs.” And Not even at the church door were fun and frolic Evelyn records : “I went with some friends to left behind. The king himself, although he the Bear Garden, where was cock fighting, liked to hear the anthems, furnished a shining dog-fighting, bear and bull-baiting, it being a example of unexemplary behavior during the famous day for all these butcherly sports, or rest of the service. Not only was he unable rather barbarous cruelty. The bulls did ex- One of the bulls tossed a dog to preserve his gravity, but he took pains to ceedingly well. let it be seen that he felt not the slightest in- full into a lady's lap, as she sat in one of the terest in religion. He would play at “peep boxes at a considerable height from the arena.” with Lady Castlemaine through the curtains To illustrate the table manners of high dividing the royal box from the ladies' pew. society, Pepys gives us an account of a banquet . When tired of this amusement, he would take at the Guildhall, whither it was the fashion a little nap, as is recorded in the for courtiers to go and dine with the lord of verse scrap not quoted by our author, but perhaps worth mayor. On one such occasion, when the din- recalling here. It runs somewhat as follows: ner was said to have cost between seven bun. dred and eight hundred pounds, we read that “Old South, a witty churchman reckoned, Was preaching once to Charles the Second, “under every salt there was a bill of fare, When lol the king began to nod, but that only the mayors and the lords of the 46 [Jan. 16, THE DIAL each year. 1 privy council had napkins or knives. Before RELIGION FROM VARIOUS POINTS the meal all the guests repaired to the buttery OF VIEW.* and drank wine, in preparation for the solid refreshment to follow. The dinner began at Dr. C. C. Everett, Bussey Professor of one o'clock. Pepys sat at the merchants' Theology in the divinity school of Harvard table. Ten courses were served, and there University, died in October, 1900. For thirty was also “plenty of wine of all sorts." The years he had delivered annually a course of plates were wooden, and were not changed lectures, at first entitled “The Science of Re- throughout the dinner; nor, as it appears, ligion,” but finally “The Psychological Ele- , were the drinking cups, which were of earthen- ments of Religious Faith.” During all this ware. period their general substance remained the To justify his choice of a title, the author same, but they were changed in detail and em- devotes a chapter to the consideration of his bellished with new thoughts and illustrations rakes' literary productions. One couplet, from When his death brought the lec- the ready rhymster, Rochester, will here suffice: tures to a close, there was a strong desire on “Our sphere of action is life's happiness, the part of those who had heard them that And he that thinks beyond, thinks like an ass." they should be preserved in book form. It Such was his creed ; so he lived, and so he all was found, however, that Dr. Everett had left but died. Bishop Burnet, however, was sent no manuscript, and apparently had never for by the dissipated nobleman as he lay on written the lectures out. Under these circum- his death bed, and the churchman seems to stances, recourse was had to the notes of a have enjoyed the satisfaction of seeing the number of those who had attended the course, rake make a good repentance and die an edi. and from these Professor Edward Hale wrote fying death worn out by his excesses at the out the lectures and prepared them for the age of thirty-two. As to his virtues, the . press. negative one of freedom from cant and hum- One would not, as a rule, expect very much bug is ascribed to him, as well as to his asso- of a work prepared in the manner just ex- ciates in literary rakedom. plained; but Professor Hale has managed to “It is true that there is little good and much evil overcome the difficulties of the situation to to be learned from their writings, but what evil there such an extent that I believe no reader would is in them is avowedly evil. These writers did not ever suspect what had been done if he were expound upon the deep religious feeling of their athe- ism, or the immaculate purity of their illicit affections; not informed. The work, as it stands, is a nor did they call irregular alliances marriages in the little masterpiece in its way, clear and forcible, sight of God though not in the sight of man. What- singularly free from hysteria or dogmatism, ever they may have been, they were not as a rule and almost wholly without those technical humbugs. With all its faults, their school was free terms which make many psychological writings from the atrocious affectation of the • Euphuists' of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, or, for that matter, from unintelligible to the man in the street. In the the almost as objectionable affectations of the many course of the book we are given three defini. 'ists and 'isms of the reign of a much later and im- tions of religion. The first is : Religion is measurably better queen.” feeling, or essentially feeling. The primacy One service, at least, these literary rakes of feeling is insisted upon, as on p. 22 : “All are held to have rendered to the cause of let- that the intellect can do, however, is not too ters: they helped to establish the tradition that much to meet the highest feelings. Feeling none are so noble as to be unsusceptible of has the primacy. Intellect is for the sake of further endoblement by worthy performance feeling. What we do is done to gratify feel- in literature. From their time to ours have ing. In science and philosophy feeling is the . been handed down, from one noble or even beginning, the middle, and the end." All royal personage to another, the torch of learn. THE PSYCHOLOGICAL ELEMENTS OF RELIGIOUS Faith, ing and the honorable distinction of authorship. By Charles Carroll Everett. Edited by Edward Hale. New PERCY F. BICKNELL. York: The Macmillan Co. THEOLOGY AND THE SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS, By Henry Churchill King. New York: The Macmillan Co. We have received from the “Sign of the Hop-Pole," RICH AND POOR IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. By Orello in Kent, England, a Christmas greeting in the form of Cone. New York: The Macmillan Co. a leaflet containing Christopher Plantin's sonnet “ Le THE LAW OF GROWTH AND OTHER SERMONS. By Bonheur de ce Monde,” beautifully printed on Japanese Phillips Brooks. New York : E. P. Dutton & Co. vellum by the Chiswick Press in the French typography THE SMALL END OF GREAT PROBLEMS. By Brooke of Plantin's time. Herford. New York: Longmans, Green & Co. 97 1903.) 47 THE DIAL > > - feeling, however, is not religious, and so we “ The Real Meaning of the Social Conscious- need the second definition (p. 88): Religion ness for Theology,” (2) “ The Influence of is the feeling toward the supernatural. This the Social Consciousness upon the Conception is intended to include all religions ; but it is of Religion," (3) "The Influence of the So- unsatisfactory inasmuch as the supernatural cial Consciousness upon Theological Doctrine.” may include positive or negative, good or bad, The author insists equally upon the essential elements. The devil represents the negative like-mindedness of men and the sacredness of supernatural, “ The spirit that always denies." the person. We are to be compared, perhaps, Hence we may reach a third definition, which to innumerable radii of a circle having their is typical rather than inclusive: Religion is a common source at one point, but each occupy- feeling toward a Supernatural Presence inani- ing its own place and no other. The spiritual festing itself in truth, goodness, and beauty. point of union of all human souls is what we In this definition we may substitute “spirit- call God. spirit- call God. Hence the essential blessings of ual” for “supernatural,” as a footnote informs religion are capable of being shared by all, us was done by Dr. Everett in his longer and emphasis is placed on that which is com- course of lectures. At the end of the last mon to the whole of mankind. The genius, lecture we read : who in one sense seems so apart, is he who “The ideal religion, the one perfect religion, would recognizes great truths and laws, – that is, be that in which the presence of the Absolute Spirit common and pervading, not exceptional things should be fully recognized, and the ideas of the rea- or remote. Jesus was a great religious genius son — truth, goodness, and beauty — acknowledged as the content of this Absolute Spirit. The various re- (whatever else he may have been) and hence ligions of the work suggest and approach the ideal it is found that his doctrines are of universal religion each to a greater or less degree. The ideal application. religion is like the pure air of the upper heaven as It is often held that the early Christians, compared with the atmosphere of the earth. The lower atmosphere is everywhere different; it is vitiated being nearest in point of time to Christ, were by mists and dust and smoke and all the various necessarily best informed and best able to earthly elements; yet we breathe it, and find in it, with understand his teachings. President King all its impurity, life and strength and refreshment. recognizes that in those days the teachings Dr. Everett held that the apparent decline were new, or at least sufficiently so to fit with in religious interest might be due in large difficulty into the “mental platforms" of con- measure to the fact that the higher types of temporaries. It is a matter of history that religion did not appeal to so many as the older, many excellent and talented people were wholly lower, forms. “There is more true religion unable to receive them. Since then, however, in half an hour's questioning, · What wilt thou we have undergone a considerable intellectual have me to do?' than in a whole lifetime of evolution, and it is reasonable to suppose that asking, • What wilt thou do for me?'” (p. the Christians of today are better fitted to 129.) Yet the latter thought is the one most receive the word (supposing it to be a true or prominent in the minds of many religious peo- universal word) than any before. At first ple of the baser sort, and the hope of personal sight, this conception seems in direct conflict reward and the fear of punishment are always with that of Dr. Everett mentioned above, prominent in low types of religion, whether that the later forms of religion may have less they are labeled Christianity or otherwise. It universal acceptance. Yet we have just seen is true, of course, that the highest religions that when Christianity was new it was received have their basis in personal satisfaction or by few, and a superficial observer might have happiness ; but this is spiritual, and comes urged that it was obviously not fit for the mass through a sense of unity with the all-pervasive of humanity. If religious thought has made spirit. no progress since that day, if Christ really “ Theology and the Social Consciousness," spoke the final word, it may then be fairly by President King of Oberlin College, is based urged that we are coming nearer and nearer to on a course of lectures delivered at the Harvard a common and universal religion. But if, as Summer School of Theology in 1901. It Dr. Everett assumed, religion is progressing recognizes the “social consciousness” as a sig- just as science or art, the best must always be nificant phenomenon in the ethical life of our for the few, though what is to-day known to a time, and seeks to determine its relation to minority will in time become common property. theological doctrines. The book is divided This is a condition of progress, spiritual, men. | into three sections, headed respectively (1) I tal, or physical ; and we are reluctant to rec- 6 a 48 [Jan. 16, THE DIAL The “Neno International." ognize any exceptions to it. If Christianity of sermons of which we can give no adequate seems an exception, it is only because it is still summary in a small space. That they were a long way ahead of most of us; and that it good sermons, the names of the preachers are should in reality be adopted by all is the best sufficient to assure us; but they doubtless were perhaps we are able to conceive. better to bear than they are to read. The So much for President King's work. The cheerful positivism which sounds well enough above is not a very precise summary of his in the pulpit is sometimes a little trying in positions, and we had intended a little adverse cold print. T. D. A. COCKERELL. criticism ; but it may be as useful to record the impressions the book gave as to attempt an exact summary of its contents. Dr. Cone, in his “Rich and Poor in the BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS. New Testament," examines the Scriptural say- An encyclopædia is a serious under- ings relating to social subjects, and concludes taking, involving great expense, that we find “neither a social philosophy, nor years of preparation, and the col- the foundations, nor the outlines of a social laboration of great numbers of authoritative writers. system.” Yet he ends with these words : A new encyclopædia is more apt to be an old one 6. We must leave it to the students of social science patched up than a strictly new production, and to point out in detail the means of solving the intricate this, of course, is a strictly justifiable proceeding problems that wealth and poverty force upon their when the old name is preserved, and no attempt is attention. Our task has been accomplished if we have made to deceive the public. The need of an entirely succeeded in showing how in a general way the ethical new English encyclopædia has been keenly felt of ideals presented in the New Testament may furnish late years, and the need has at last been met by guidance and inspiration in this great task. If we the “New International” of Messrs. Dodd, Mead have not found any definite form of a system of society & Co. It is true that even in this case, some use indicated in its pages, we have found, it is hoped, the has been made of the old “International” text, basis of every true and permanent social order because the foundation of all true living for the individual man. but only where that text remains valid in the light Let not men reject the spirit of its great teacbings be- of the most recent knowledge. To all intents and cause they stumble at the letter. Rather let them purposes, the work of which three volumes are now apply this spirit to the social problems of every age, at hand is a new compilation of universal knowledge, and thus hasten the advent of the kingdom of brother- and has been edited with skill and conscience by hood and peace.” President Gilman, Professor Peck, and Mr. Colby, In interpreting the doctrines of Jesus, we aided by a large staff of competent specialist think Dr. Cone has not sufficiently recognized writers. It is an encyclopædia of the Brock baus or Chambers type — that is, a work made up of the probable modifications due to their being many brief articles rather than of a smaller num- reported by others, who, as we have just said, ber of extensive treatises. The letter A, for ex- could not in the nature of things receive them ample, aside from the geographical articles (Africa, without bias. It seems to the present writer Asia, Australia, Austro-Hungary, and America) that we may read between the lines, as it yields only two articles (Archæology and Armies) were, a more logical and spiritual philosophy that are more than ten pages in length. In fact, the than the written word sets forth. Jesus was article that exceeds a single page is rare in pro- surely the Great Emancipator, who preached portion to the number that consist of single brief the spiritual freedom of man, who saw that it paragraphs. The work is thus made exceptionally useful for ready reference, which should be, after was possible in a spiritual sense to rise above all, the chief purpose of an encyclopædia. Although physical failure and misery. He did this in . a list of special writers is printed in the forefront his own life, and his gospel was especially to of the work, it is distinctly explained that these the poor, for they most seemed to need it. contributions have been revised and amended by The spiritual dignity of the human soul, its the office staff, so that no article of any length is independence because of its dependence upon to be considered the work of a single writer. In the great source of spiritual power, — here - the subdivision of matter, we find even such minor entries as was an idea which made mere physical wealth are usually sought out in Readers' Handbooks and other reference works of like cbar- or power seem trivial and insignificant. If the disciples looked for a physical millennium, subjects that have been given an unusual degree of acter. Geography, biography, and science, are it was only because they could not understand. attention, and in the matter of lucidity and general “ The Law of Growth,” by the late Phillips attractiveness of style the work has been well done. Brooks, and The Small End of Great Prob- The illustrations are numerous, and the full-page lems,” by Rev. Brooke Herford, are two books | plates are unusually attractive, although the raison - 1903.) 49 THE DIAL d'être of their selection is not always obvious. We Force" (Dutton). Unlike nearly all of its pre- are glad, for example, to have the colored plate decessors in this field of continually growing im- which gives us six familiar varieties of the apple, portance, the book is concerned with questions of but we could imagine many other subjects equally Copyright alone, and does not confuse this topic deserving of such elaborate illustration. The maps with any reference to patent and trade-mark cases. are numerous, and like most maps in American On the historical side of the question, it hardly does books are made inartistic by crude coloring and more than refer the reader to the standard works ugly lettering. The physical maps are much better of Messrs. Copinger, Scrutton, and Drone, with an done. The third volume of the work ends with especial commendation of Mr. Augustine Birrell's Canada, and there are to be seventeen in all, “The Law and History of Copyright in Books," one including something like sixty thousand articles. of the few law treatises that have positive and in- trinsic literary merit. Mr. MacGillivray occupies The simple record of an honorable himself with accounting for things as they are A noble son life, whose main incidents are replete rather than as they were, or (a frequent chapter in of Massachusetts. with inspiration for American youth, such volumes) on things as they ought to be. He is presented in Dr. William Lawrence's biographic has not much to say about the common-law on the cal sketch of the late Governor of Massachusetts, subject, — wisely enough, since the abrogation of the Honorable Roger Wolcott (Houghton, Mifflin the common-law principle of ownership in publica- & Co.). The biographer is the Bishop of the tions and works of art by statutory tinkering bas Episcopalian Church in Massachusetts, who honors left the author and artist with little but regret. himself in overlooking denominational boundaries, But he does give all needful information for the in his zeal to furnisb an early biography of his perfect understanding of the English and American great fellow citizen. With a facile pen, and in law as it exists to-day, so far as that is comprehen- easy flowing style, he recounts the principal events sible. The long-delayed promise of a consolidated in the career of the Harvard scholar, orator, patriot, act on Copyright in Great Britain is another oc- public servant, and man of affairs, whom the Bay casion for apology, since the law there is left in State was delighted to honor in many capacities. a condition where precedent rather than precise It is but a brief sketch of a life which has been all statement governs, the book throughout being too brief; but its agreeable diction, and the nobility therefore an excellent example of case law. The of the subject of the sketch, charm the reader at condition of Copyright in the United States occu- every page. The eminent public services of Gov. pies the latter half of the book, containing sixty- ernor Wolcott are narrated without prolixity, but eight pages as against more than two hundred on with due appreciation of their value to his country- the subject in general and as particularized in the Numerous extracts from his addresses and British dominions. In both parts the work is speeches make the book a portfolio of eloquence; brought almost into the living present, the one no- among these is his acknowledgment, in behalf of ticeable omission on the American side being the the Commonwealth, as her Governor, of the receipt question of copyright in news, an important topic from England of Bradford's original manuscript of in this country, especially since a recent decision the “ History of Plimoth Plantation.” In this has given such rights to a monopoly with the ut- little masterpiece of American oratory, the speaker most power for harm, whether so used or not. In thus exalts the Pilgrim Fathers : “In the varied spite of the fact that this is a formal book of law, tapestry which pictures our national life, the richest Mr. MacGillivray is at times entertaining, and his spots are those where gleam the golden threads of work is admirably digested, fully organized, pro- conscience, courage, and faith, set in the web by vided with all needful indexes and appendices, and that little band." This gem of speech is worthy to certain to fill an important place hitherto vacant. rank with Lincoln's “ The mystic chords of mem- ory.” It is a fair example of the general character a It is always a grateful thing to see of Mr. Wolcott's public deliverances. that justice is done to some person from Lesbos." or cause maliciously aspersed in this An up-to-date It is not too much to say that the curiously dealing world. The name of Sappho has treatise on need of a work which should satis- always been one that has worked marvels ; the Copyright law. factorily gather into a single volume fame of the world's chief poetess has been freely the large and confused mass of legal enactment accorded her; her successors in her art have made and decision on the question of Copyright has never translations or paraphrases of her poems, and then been so satisfactorily filled as by the book prepared have unhesitatingly acknowledged that they have by Mr. E. J. MacGillivray, LL.B., and bearing the undertaken a task that was impossible; writers, fully descriptive title, “ A Treatise upon the Law of statesmen, readers of all classes, have repeated her Copyright in the United Kingdom and the Dominions praises, admitted her claims, placed her in an of the Crown, and in the United States of America, unassailable pre-eminence. We may quote from Containing a Full Appendix of All Acts of Parlia- Mr. Symonds : “ The world has suffered no greater ment, International Conventions, Orders in Council, literary loss than the loss of Sappho's poems. So Treasury Minutes, and Acts of Congress now in perfect are the smallest fragments preserved that men. > " Lost Lellers 50 [Jan. 16, THE DIAL Six sensible sermons. we muse in astonishment to think what the com- works, probably the fullest that has yet been plete poems must have been. Of all the poets of compiled. Each biography is supplied with ap- the world, Sappho is the one whose every word pendices, a bibliography, and a complete index for has a peculiar and unmistakable perfume, a seal of the student's use. Each has a photogravure por- absolute perfection and inimitable grace. In her trait, and about twenty plates. These are printed art she was unerring.” But, on the other hand, on good paper, and are distinct and thoroughly the character of Sappho has been subjected to a satisfactory, especially in the case of Landseer's very different treatment. She has come down the work, which lends itself particularly well to this ages enveloped in a cloud of story and allusion sort of reproduction. which allows but vague and difficult appreciation of what she really was. Some sensible things sensibly stated The Comic Dramatists are found in Dr. Minot J. Savage's have played havoc with her life and activity, their “ Men and Women" (American comments and veracious interpretations have passed current, and it needed the labors of Welcker and Unitarian Association). The six chapters of the book are on “ Man and Woman,” “Love and Mar- Blass and Wharton to bring about a rehabilitation riage," " Parent and Child," " Home and Society," of the poetess. In her “ Lost Letters from Lesbos” “ The Ethics of Divorce,” and “The Growing (Donnelley), Mrs. Lucy McDowell Milburn has Independence of Women." They speak to the ” carried on the alluring labor. The “Lost Letters" reader in a simple, conversational tone, and ap. were found by one of those miracles which come only into the experiences of novelists and poets, pear to have been put forth originally as pulpit discourses. and they are the letters which Sappbo wrote to While it is impossible that all readers should agree with everything these little homilies that Egyptian lover who is supposed to have been contain, the book is at least thought-provoking, and one of the Egyptian Kings. The old Greek life, with its freshness, its charm, its poetry, reappears its utterances have the prime essential of thorough in these letters. Both the prose and the verse sincerity and reasoned conviction. One or two recall the Landor clearness and magic. The per- seed thoughts may be given here. The author be- lieves there is danger of too much organization for sonality of Sappho as revealed in these intimate outpouringe differs by the whole diameter of being reform, for civic study, for literary and artistic cul- from the Sappho of the Comic Dramatists. She is ties , and event is too often the end of it; a passive, ture. A person , or , what the greatest poetess of all time surely ought recipient attitude takes the place of energetic indi- to have been. Mrs. Milburn has put into these vidual action. And the same is true in religious letters her high idealism of thought and belief, and matters. The divorce question is ably discussed, has made a picture which the lover of Greece will and attention is called to the curious fact that al- gladly admit into his memory. Its imaginative insight will help to make plain many things which though the United States has the most liberal of divorce laws, its morals are of the highest, and no. history leaves obscure, and the book ought to find appreciative readers everywhere. where else does woman hold a position of such re- spect and dignity. Indeed, a certain freedom of A new series of biographical art- divorce is necessary for the safeguarding of her in- studies is begun with four volumes terests and her independence. The immense barm (imported by Messrs. Charles Scrib- wrought by the reckless application of scripture ner's Sons) under the general title “ The Makers texts to modern conditions receives a fitting word. of British Art.” Mr. James A. Manson, the editor “He that spareth his rod hateth his son," still gives of the series, writes of Landseer, pointing out in sanction to a mode of discipline regarded by the his preface the surprising meagreness of material author as worse than brutal. He says, “I do not for an adequate and sympathetic biography, and believe that any father or mother on the face of the consequent necessity of making his art-work this earth has the right to strike a child. I would tell the whole story of his life. The volume on call it brutal if it were not a libel on the brutes. It Turner is written by Mr. Robert Chignell, who seems to me utterly inexcusable, always and every- aims to do better justice to the man, in distinction where." from the painter, than have previous biographers. The literature of gardens, recently A history of No special originality is claimed for the life of English pleasure grown so prolific along descriptive Reynolds, by Elsa D'Esterre Keeling, except its gardens. and sentimental lines, has received a attempt to steer a middle course between the unique and valuable addition in the handsome vol- extremes of unreasoning laudation and careless ume on “English Pleasure Gardens" (Macmillan), dispraise, — two attitudes so often adopted toward , an historical treatment of one phase of the subject this painter. In the volume on Romney, Sir Her-by Miss Rose Standish Nichols. The Britanno- bert Maxwell attempts to collate the three previous Roman gardens, with which horticulture in En. biographies of Cumberland, Hayley, and Johngland began, though known to have existed, must Romney, and thus to arrive at a proper under- be conjecturally reconstructed from relics or from standing of the artist and his work; a feature of Greek and Roman models. The early monastic the book is the excellent catalogue of Romney's gardens, likewise, must be described chiefly in terms The Makors of Brilish Art. - 1903.) 51 THE DIAL Familiar talks on & of “what we may well believe.” But there are is time to look at Roman history again with Plutarch facts about the mediæval pleasaunce, and even one before us no less than Mommsen and Marquardt. or two survivals of it still to be found in England. In general, the view expressed is that the Roman With the Tudor period, gardens take on more of their republic went down because of its inability to bear modern aspect, and since then their development | up the burdens entailed by its own expansion; and has been steady, if along diverse lines. The final its occasional reforiners, whether democratic or aris- chapter of Miss Nichols's book deals with the gar- tocratic, failed of success from their ignorance of dens of to-day, under the broad division into natur- the deeper features of the problems before them. alistic and formal, and discusses briefly the relative Without under-rating the insight and ability of Julius merits of the two styles. Miss Nichols has fur- Cæsar, Professor Oman strikes telling blows at the nished over three hundred photographs and draw- idealized Cæsar of the German school, as so many ings for her book, and there are eleven plans by other recent writers have done. The empire of Mr. Allen N. Cox. The whole history goes to show which Cæsar laid the foundations was a period of that English horticulture is a craft, not an art, and mere soulless material prosperity, - a magnificent - that it still lacks fundamental and admitted prin- failure, whether considered as a despotism or a ciples. But apart from this thesis, and from the bureaucracy, lapsing gradually into moral and phys- suggestive value which the book will have for the ical impotence, and destined to sink into the Chinese professional horticulturalist (who will especially type of stagnation but for the assaults from without prize the bibliography), it is popularly written and and the new ideals of Christianity within. The will be of real interest to the general reader. trained historical student will perbaps prefer some- thing of a different type, but the average intelligent A fair and succinct summary of the A compendium reader will find this volume both stimulating and of our national substance of the recent shower of profitable. expansions. “ centennial” publications on the “ How to Attract the Birds, and Louisiana Purchase, and kindred essays illustrative Other Talks about Bird Neighbors" of the geographical expansion of our country, ap- our familiar birds. is the title of a new book by “Neltje pears in a small and compact volume entitled “The Blanchan " (Mrs. Doubleday), similar in its charm. Territorial Growth of the United States," written by Mr. William A. Mowry and published by books about birds, but shorter and more desultory, ingly intimate and suggestive style to her other Messrs. Silver, Burdett & Co. From an evidently each chapter being complete in itself and connected careful study of this phase of our national life, the loosely, if at all, with the other chapters of the author has compiled chapters in which, in con- work. The first essay, “How to Iovite Bird densed form, the salient facts are stated concerning Neighbors,” is perhaps the freshest and most inter- our several acquisitions of territory, by the treaty esting. It is full of novel suggestions to the land- with Great Britain in 1783; the Louisiana, Florida, owner who wants to persuade the birds to nest in and Texas cessions; and also those in the cases of his garden or orchard and under his eaves. The Alaska, Hawaii, Porto Rico, and the Philippine second chapter is devoted to some special means Archipelago. Oregon is the only territory of large of keeping the ruby-throat with us through the importance to which we have acquired a right by The others deal, in fresh and original discovery and occupation ; and the subject of these fasbion, with various habits of the birds ; and there and our other claims to Oregon is well summed up, is a chapter on “What Birds Do for Us” calcu- being properly accorded greater space than any of lated to convince even the owners of cherry-trees. our other landed acquisitions. A series of thirteen The book is beautifully illustrated with a great colored maps illustrates pictorially the situation at number of remarkable photographs that catch the each of the successive steps of our national expan- birds in all sorts of interesting and unexpected sion, and makes clear the relative value and extent situations, and in themselves make us feel better of each accession of territory. Thus we are fur- acquainted with our bird neighbors. (Doubleday, . nished a hand-book, suitable for ready reference, Page & Co.). which will be a great convenience to the many who, while interested in these historical and geo- graphical subjects, have not shelf-room in their BRIEFER MENTION. libraries for the more extensive treatises that the enterprise of publishers bas lately multiplied. The book which Mr. Percival Chubb has written on “ The Teaching of English in the Elementary and the Around the life-story of the Gracchi, Secondary School” (Macmillan) is so sound in its pbi- Roman history Salla, Crassus, Cato, Pompey, and losophy and so practical in its helpfulness that we wish in biography. Cæsar, Professor Oman, in his book it might come into the hands of every instructor in the on “Seven Roman Statesmen” (Longmans), has country who is engaged with this vastly important subject. It is based upon the fundamental principle of certainly woven a very readable sketch of the period “unity and continuity in the English course from its of Roman history to which these names belong. In beginning in the kindergarten up through the high his opinion, the reaction against the biographical school.” school." We doubt if so good and useful a book upon element in history-writing has gone too far, and it the subject has before been written, and the author's summer. 52 [Jan. 16, THE DIAL NOTES. 9) > treatment is charming in style besides being based upon the most intelligent principles of pedagogy. If the spirit of this book could once find a permanent lodgment in our schools, it would work a revolution in methods, and secure for English its proper place in the educational scheme. It is not often that the play-goer can take with him to the theatre, or read beforehand, such admirable translations of foreign dramas as are provided by Mrs. Edith Wharton for Herr Sudermann's “ Es Lebe das Leben" (" The Joy of Living," Scribner), and by Mr. Artbur Symons for Signor d'Annunzio's “ Francesca da Rimini" (Stokes). The latter reproduction is, in truth, not so much a translation as a noble English poem, and should prove a cause of much gratitude in admirers of Signora Duse who cannot read Italian. The late Bishop of Oxford did no more important work in his chosen historical field than that which he contributed to the Rolls Series, in the form of pref- aces to the volumes which he edited. Mr. Arthur Hassall has done us a distinct service by editing, in a single volume, these “Historical Introductions to the Rolls Series,” thus placing this valuable material within the reach of every student. The volume is published by Messrs. Longmans, Green, & Co. Charles Sumner's “ Addresses on War," with an introduction by Mr. Edwin D. Mead, is a volume pub- lished by Messrs. Ginn & Co. for the International Union. This publication is in the interest of the peace movement to which Mr. Ginn is now devoting much of his energy and his means, and is offered at the cost of production. It includes the three great addresses: - The True Grandeur of Nations,” « The War System of the Commonwealth of Nations," and “The Duel between France and Germany." Two reprints of old English plays have recently come to hand, one edited by Mr. F. I. Carpenter of the University of Chicago, the other by Mr. Arthur H. Quinn, of the University of Pennsylvania. The Chi- cago book inaugurates the octavo series of the uni- versity's Decennial Publications, and gives us, with much learned apparatus, the text of Lewis Wager's “ The Life and Repentaunce of Marie Magdalene," a morality play dating from about the middle of the six- teenth century. The Pennsylvania book is a reprint of the anonymous comedy, “ The Faire Maide of Bristow,” published in 1605, and variously attributed to Day, Wilkins, Armin, and Barnes, although upon no good evidence in any one of the four cases. The present editor gives it up. This play was translated into Ger- man by Tieck nearly a century ago. Both of these plays are now reprinted for the first time. A book called “The American Idea" (Dodd) is a compilation by Mr. Joseph P. Gilder, of the typical American documents Declaration, Articles, Constitu- tion, speeches by Washington, Webster, and Lincoln, the Monroe Doctrine, etc. Speeches by the last three of our Presidents are included - choice - and both Senator Hoar and Secretary Hay are represented. The extract from Lowell's “ De- mocracy” belongs here with better right than several of the other selections. The idea of this book is not exactly a new one, but similar collections heretofore have been planned for school purposes rather than for the use of the general reader. The editor contributes a sophomoric introduction that might better have been omitted. A man who will talk about “Old Glory ” deserves no quarter. “ The Genesis of the Grand Remonstrance from Par- liament to King Charles I.," by Dr. Henry Lawrence Schoolcraft, is a recent monograph sent us by the Uni- versity of Illinois. A handsome library edition of Scott's “ Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border," in four volumes, edited by Mr. T. F. Henderson, is published in this country by Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons. “ Love Poems of W. S. Blunt” is an addition to the “Lover's Library,” published by Mr. John Lane. The same publisher also issues “ Lycidas” in his series of « Flowers of Parnassus." “ The Three Days' Tournament," by Miss Jessie L. Weston, is published in the “Grimm Library" by Mr. David Nutt, as an appendix to the “ Legend of Sir Lancelot,” by the same author. Messrs. G. P. Putnam's Sons send us the fifth edition of M. G. Maspéro's "Manual of Egyptian Archæology" in the translation of Amelia B. Edwards, with subse- quent enlargements and revisions. “ The Satire of Seneca on the Apotheosis of Clau- dius," a study by Mr. Allen Perley Ball, is published by the Macmillan Co. in the series of “Columbia University Studies in Classical Philology." Dr. John King Lord has prepared for Messrs. Benj- amin H. Sanborn & Co. an “Atlas of the Geography and History of the Ancient World”. - an inexpensive work and an excellent piece of scholarly map-making. A new edition, considerably revised, of “A First Manual of Composition,” by Dr. Edwin Herbert Lewis, is published by the Macmillan Co. This work is in- tended to be used during the first two years of the high school course. * The A B C of Photo-Micrography,” by the well- known expert, Mr. W. H. Walmsley, is a practical manual just published by Messrs. Tennant & Ward. Workers in this fascinating field of photography will give the book a warm welcome. “ Animals before Man in North America,” by Mr. Frederic A. Lucas, is an interesting book of popular science, published by the Messrs. Appleton, with illus- trations of such fearsome beasts as the triceratops, the labyrinthodont, and the mastodon. Mr. Henry W. Boynton has edited « The Peasant and the Prince," by Miss Harriet Martineau, for the “ Riverside Literature Series " (Houghton). This story of the French Revolution was well worth bringing into renewed currency with young readers. Forestry and cookery are the two subjects upon which the American people most need information, and the first of them is dealt with in an interesting ele- mentary way by Mr. Filibert Roth, in his “ First Book of Forestry," just published by Messrs. Ginn & Co. “ The Fortunes of Oliver Horn,” in two volumes, and “ The Other Fellow, and Tile-Club Stories,” are given us in the concluding three volumes of Mr. F. Hopkinson Smith's writings, now uniformly published in a library edition by Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons. Most important of the many interesting features an- nounced by “ The Atlantic" for 1903 are Mr. John Townsend Trowbridge's autobiographical papers, "My Own Story”; Sir Leslie Stephen's reminiscences of “ English Men of Letters” of the last half century ; Mr. M. A. De Wolfe Howe's " Chapters of Boston History"; and Mrs. Mary Austin's sketches of life in a very dubious 1903.) 53 THE DIAL " the great Western desert – “The Land of Little Rain.” The leading serials for the year will be Mr. Arthur Sherburne Hardy's “His Daughter First,” and Miss Margaret Sherwood's “ Daphne, an Autumn Pastoral.” The interesting “Source Readers in American His- tory" (Macmillan) which are being edited by Professor Albert B. Hart and Miss Annie Bliss Chapman, have now reached their third volume “ How Our Grand- fathers Lived" — which deals mainly with the first half of the nineteenth century, with special reference to the pioneer life of the Western frontier. “ The Virginians," in three volumes, has been added to the delightful Dent-Macmillan edition of Thackeray's prose works. Mr. Walter Jerrold supplies a brief bibliographical Introduction, there are numerous draw- ings in Mr. Charles E. Brock's characteristic manner, and a photogravure reproduction of the Westminster Abbey bust of the novelist is given as a frontispiece to the first volume. 7 LIST OF NEW BOOKS. (The following list, containing 69 titles, includes books received by THE DIAL since its last issue.] BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS. The Life and Letters of the Right Honourable Friedrich Max Müller. Edited by his wife. In 2 vols., illus, in photogravure, etc., 8vo, gilt tops. Longmans, Green, & Co. $6. net. The Romance of my Childhood and Youth. By Mme. Edmond Adam (Juliette Lamber). With photogravure portrait, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 399. D. Appleton & Co. $1.40 net. Life and Correspondence of Henry Ingersoll Bowditch. By his son, Vincent Y. Bowditch. In 2 vols., illus. in photogravare, etc., large 8vo, gilt tops. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $5. net. John Mackenzie, South African Missionary and Statesman. By W. Douglas Mackenzie, M.A. With photogravure portrait, 8vo, uncut, pp. 564. A. C. Armstrong & Son. $2. net. A Son of Destiny: The Story of Andrew Jackson. By Mary C. Francis. With frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 459. New York: Federal Book Co. $1.50. Reverend Mother M. Xavier Warde, Foundress of the Order of Mercy in the United States. With Preface by Rt. Rev. Denis M. Bradley, D.D. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 287. Marlier & Co., Ltd. $1.25. "Brother Ben": The Story of a Consecrated Life. By George W. King, Ph.D. Illus., 12mo, pp. 87. Eaton & Mains. 50 cts, net. HISTORY. A History of Siena. By Langton Douglas. Illus. in photo- gravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 500. E. P. Dutton & Co. $6. net. Twenty-Six Historic Ships: The Story of Certain Famous Vessels of War and of their Successors in the Navies of the United States and of the Confederate States of America, from 1775 to 1902. By Frederic Stanhope Hill; with Introduction by Rear-Admiral George Eugene Belk- nap. U. S. N. Illus., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 515. G. P. Putnam's Song. $3.50 net. History of the Five Indian Nations of Canada. By Hon. Cadwallader Colden. In 2 vols., with portrait and map, 16mo, gilt tops. Commonwealth Library.” New Amsterdam Book Co. $2. net. Unitarianism in America: A History of its Origin and Development. By George Willis Cooke. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, pp. 463. Boston: American Unitarian Association. $2. net. Civil War Times, 1861-1865. By Daniel Wait Howe. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 421. Bowen-Merrill Co. Three Centuries in North Oxfordshire. By M. Sturge Henderson. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 270. Oxford: B. H. Blackwell. GENERAL LITERATURE. The Three Days' Tournament: A Study in Romance and Folk-Lore. By Jessie L. Weston. 12mo, uncut, pp. 59. “Grimm Library." London: David Nutt. Shakespeare's Art: Studies on the Master Builder of Ideal Characters. By James H. Cotter, A.M. Illus., 12mo, pp. 183. Cincinnati: Robert Clarke Co. $1. net. The Legends of the Holy Grail. By Alfred Nutt. 18mo, uncut, pp. 80. London: David Nutt. Paper, On the Genesis of the Æsthetic Categories. By James Hayden Tufts. 4to, pp. 12. University of Chicago Press. Paper, 25 cts. net. Plays. By Bert Finck. 12mo, pp. 40. Louisville : John P. Morton & Co. NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE. Milton's Lycidas. Illus. by Gertrude Brodie. 24mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 43. "Flowers of Parnassus." John Lane. 50 cts. net. Love Poems of W. S. Blunt. 32mo, gilt edges, pp. 196. " Lover's Library." John Lane. 50 cts. net. BOOKS OF VERSE. Selected Poems. By William Watson. 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 143. John Lane. The Triumph of Love. By Edmond Holmes. 8vo, uncut, pp. 63. John Lane. $1.25 net. The Black Prince, and Other Poems. By Maurice Baring. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 144. John Lane. $1,25 net. Rainbows. By Olive Custance (Lady Alfred Douglas). 16mo, uncut, pp. 76. John Lane. $1.25. Jonathan: A Tragedy. By Thomas Ewing, Jr. 12mo, uncut, pp. 148. Funk & Wagnalls Co. $1. net. FICTION. The Seedy Gentleman. By Peter Robertson. With fron- tispiece, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 334. San Francisco: A. M. Robertson. $1.50. Works of F. Hopkinson Smith,“ Beacon" edition. Vol. VII., The Other Fellow, and Tile Club Stories ; Vols. VIII. and IX., The Fortunes of Oliver Horn. Each illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut. Charles Scribner's Sons. (Sold only in sets by subscription.) Father Tom of Connemara. By Elizabeth O'Reilly Neville. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 394. Rand, McNally & Co. $1.50. Ann Arbor Tales. By Karl Edwin Harriman. 12mo, uncut, pp. 322. George W. Jacobs & Co. $1.20 net. The Left-Side Man, By Margaret Blake Robinson. 12mo, pp. 266. J. S. Ogilvie Publishing Co. $1.25. Letters of an American Countess to her Friend. By the Countess herself. 12mo, pp. 128. J. S. Ogilvie Pub'g Co. 50 ots. TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION. Across Coveted Lands; or, A Journey from Flushing (Holland) to Calcutta, Overland. By A. Henry Savage Lapdor. In 2 vols., illus., large 8vo, gilt tops, uncut. Charles Scribner's Sons. $7.50 net. Mont Pelée and the Tragedy of Martinique : A Study of the Great Catastrophe of_1902, with Observations and Experiences in the Field. By Angelo Heilprin. Illus., large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 335. J. B. Lippincott Co. $3. net. The Burton Holmes Lectures. Vols. VIII., IX., and X., completing the work. Each illus. in color, etc., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut. Battle Creek: Little-Preston Co., Ltd. (Sold only by subscription.) Round the Horn before the Mast. By A. Basil Lubbock. Illus., 8vo, uncut, pp. 375. E. P. Dutton & Co. $2. net. RELIGION. The Proofs of Life after Death: A Twentieth Century Symposium, Cor piled and edited by Robert J. Thomp- son. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 365. Chicago: Published by the editor. $2. net. The Divine Question. By Lionel Josaphare. 12mo, pp. 28. San Francisco: A. M. Robertson. Paper, 25 cts. net. ECONOMICS. Economics of Forestry: A Reference Book for Students of Political Economy and Professional and Lay Students of Forestry. By Bernhard E. Fernow, LL.D. 12mo, * Library of Economics and Politics." T. Y. Crowell & Co. $1.50 net. pp. 520. 54 [Jan. 16, THE DIAL General History Way-Marks: A Special Text Designed to Direct the Lesson-Memory and Thought-Connections of General History Students. By Charles C. Boyer, Ph.D. 12mo, pp. 193. J. B. Lippincott Co. 65 cts. Macaulay's Essay on Lord Clive. Edited by J. W. Pearce, Ph.D. With portrait, 24mo, pp. 186. Macmillan Co. 25 cts. The Peasant and the Prince. By Harriet Martineau ; edited by Henry W. Boynton, M.A. 16mo. pp. 204. “Riverside Literature Series." Houghton, Miffin & Co. Paper, 15 ots. MISCELLANEOUS. A Text-Book of Nursing. By Clara Weeks-Shaw. Third edition, thoroughly revised and enlarged. Illus., 12mo, pp. 397. D. Appleton & Co. $1.75. Can Telepathy Explain? Results of Psychical Research. By Minot J. Savage. 16mo, gilt top, pp. 243. G. P. Putnam's Song. $1. net. Chinese Heroes: Being a Record of Persecutions Endured by Native Christians in the Boxer Uprising. By Isaac Taylor Headland. Illus., 12mo, pp. 248. Eaton & Mains. $1. net. “SHERLOCK HOLMES." French, for home study, mailed at 25c. E. ROTH, 1135 Pine Street, PHILADELPHIA. OLD BOOKS AND MAGAZINES. Send for Cata- logue. Address A. J. CRAWFORD, Tenth and Pine Streets, St. Louis, Missouri. A POCKET History of the American Navy: A Pocket History ; of the White House. Illustrated. Sent prepaid for 25 cts. in stampo. BONNELL, SILVER & Co., 24 West 22d Street, New York. a The Second Bank of the United States. By Ralph C. H. Catterall. Large 8vo, pp. 538. “Decennial Publica- tions." University of Chicago Press. $3. net. SCIENCE The Discovery and Decipherment of the Trilingual Cuneiform Inscriptions. By Arthur John Booth, M.A. 8vo, pp. 459. Longmans, Green & Co. $4. Animals before Man in North America: Their Lives and Times. By Frederic A. Lucas. Illus., 12mo, pp. 291. D. Appleton & Co. $1.25 net. Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smith- sonian Institution for the Year ending June 30, 1901. Illus., 8vo, pp. 782. Washington: Government Printing Office. Nineteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1897–98. By J. W. Powell. Illus., 4to. Wash- ington : Government Printing Office. United States Magnetic Declination Tables and 180- gonic Charts for 1902; and Principal Facts Relating to the Earth's Magnetism. By L. A. Bauer. Illus., 4to, pp. 405. Washington: Government Printing Office. The Mishongnovi Ceremonies of the Snake and Ante- lope Fraternities. By George A. Dorsey and H. R. Voth. Illus., 8vo, uncut, pp. 261. Chicago : Field Columbian Mu- seum. Paper. Flora of the Island of St. Croix. By Charles Frederick Millspaugh, M.D. Large 8vo, uncut, pp. 546. Chicago : Field Columbian Museum. Paper. Myths of the Cherokee. By James Mooney. Illus., 4to, pp. 576. Washington: Government Printing Office. The A B C of Photo-Micrography: A Practical Handbook for Beginners. By W. H. Walmsley, F.R.M.S. Illus, 16mo, pp. 155. New York: Tennant & Ward. $1.25. Absorption of Liquids by Animal Tissues. By Ralph W. Webster. 4to, pp. 32. “Decennial Publications." University of Chicago Press. Paper, 50 cts. net. Significance of Partial Tones in the Localization of Sound. By James Rowland Angell. 4to, pp. 11. University of Chicago Press. Paper, 25 cts. net. NATURE. Nature and the camera. By A. Raq yffe Dugmore. ALL should read “The Certainty of a Future Life in Mars,'' being the Posthumous Papers of Bradford Torrey Dodd. For sale by John MURPHY, 201 East 42nd St., New York City. BOOKS. ALL OUT-OF-PRINT BOOKS SUPPLIED, no matter on what subject. Write us. We can get you any book ever published. Please state wants. When in England call. BAKER'S GREAT BOOK-SHOP, 14-16 Bright Street, BIRMINGHAM. Foreign Books Full line of text books for the study of Modern Languages. 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John Lane. Paper, $2. net. Book-Plates of Today. Edited by Wilbur Macey Stone. Illus. in colors, etc., large 8vo, pp. 62. New York : Tonnelé & Co. Bell's Miniature Series of Painters. New vols.: Cor- reggio, by Leader Scott; Burne-Jones, by Malcolm Bell. Each illus. in photogravure, etc., 24mo, gilt top, uncut. Macmillan Co. Limp leather, per vol., $i. BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG. Molly and the Unwiseman. By John Kendrick Bangs. Illus., 12mo, pp. 198. H. T. Coates & Co. $1. net. Four Little Indians; or, How Carroll “ Got Even.' Ella Mary Coates. Illus., 12mo, pp. 262. H. T. Coates & Co. 80 cts. net. EDUCATION.-BOOKS FOR SCHOOL AND COLLEGE. Journal of Proceedings and Addresses of the Forty- First Annual Meeting of the National Educational A380- ciation, Held at Minneapolis, July 7-11, 1902. Large 8vo, pp. 1021. Published the Association, A Text-Book of Physics. With Sections on the Application of Physics to Physiology and Medicine. By R.A. Lehfeldt, D.Sc. Illus., 12mo, pp. 304. Longmans, Green, & Co. $2. History for Graded and District Schools. By Ellwood Wadsworth Kemp. 12mo, pp. 537. Ginn & Co. $1. net. A History of the Middle Ages. By Dana Carleton Munru. Illus., 12mo, pp. 242. D. Appleton & Co. 90 cts. net. The Story of the Empire State: A Supplementary Reading-Book for Grammar Grades. By Gertrude Van Duyn Southworth. Illus., 12mo, pp. 213. D. Appleton & Co. 75 cts. Ву F. E. GRANT, Books, 23 West 424 Street, York. Mention this advertisement and receive a discount. Pickering & Chatto Dealers in Old and Rare Books, and Illuminated Manu- scripts. Catalogue 131, containing a remarkable collection of First and Early Editions of RARE OLD ENGLISH PLAYS Post free, 6d. Collectors of Old Plays will find in the above list the largest number of rare Dramatic Works of the Shakespearian period and interest ever appearing in a Bookseller's Catalogue. 66, Laymarket, St. James, London, S. ad., England. 7 1903.) 55 THE DIAL Soper School of Oratory Was Shakespeare a Roman Catholic? By James Appleton Morgan, President N. Y. Shakespeare Society. STAMMERING, Townsend Southwick, in December “Action and Utterance," 10 cents. From your newsdealer or N. Y. School of Expression, 318 West 57th St., New York. AUTOGRAPH LETTERS OF FAMOUS PERSONS Bought and Sold WALTER R. BENJAMIN, 1125 Broadway, New York. Send for Price Lists. 26th Year. Enter Now Quarter of a century old, with the experience of the past combined with all that is latest and best in the present. All Departments of Expression. Able, Experienced Faculty. Each Department in Charge of a Specialist. Elocution, Delsarte, Dramatic Art, Physical Culture, Rhetoric, Literature, Parlia- mentary Law, Journalism. 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Etc., etc. Catalogues can be had on application. WILLIAMS, BARKER & SEVERN CO. 185 & 187 WABASH AVENUE, CHICAGO. FOR OUR NEW CATALOGUE CALLED “AN OPPORTUNITY TO PROCURE SOME OF THE RE- THE BAKER & TAYLOR CO. Library Department. CENT COPYRIGHTED BOOKS AT VERY LOW PRICES" We have sold books to librarians for fifty years. We have the largest stock in the largest book market in the country. We fill orders promptly, completely, and intelli- gently. A. C. McCLURG & CO. CHICAGO Send for our new Clearance Catalogue. Wholesale Booksellers and Publishers, 33-37 East 17th Street, Union Square, North, New YORK. Roycroft & Kelmscott Books KENNETH B. ELLIMAN, JUST PUBLISHED 419 West 118th Street, New York . SELECT PASSAGES FROM The Introductions to Plato STUDY AND PRACTICE OF FRENCH in 4 Parts L. C. BOName, Author and Pub., 1930 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. Well-graded series for Preparatory Schools and Colleges. No time wasted in superficial or mechanical work. French Text: Numerous exercises in conversation, translation, composition. Part I. (60 cts.): Primary grade; thorough drill in Pronunciation. Part II. (90 cts.): Intermediate grade ; Essentials of Grammar; 4th edition, revised, with Vocabulary: most carefully graded. Part III. ($1.00): Composition, Idioms, Syntax; meets requirements for admission to college. Part IV. (35 cts.): Handbook of Pronunciation for advanced grade; concise and comprehensive. Sent to teachers for examination, with a view to introduction. By BENJAMIN JOWETT, Late Master of Balliol College and Professor of Greek in the University of Oxford. Edited by Lewis Campbell, M.A., LL.D. 16mo. Cloth, 85 cents. "A wish has often been expressed that the late Master of Balliol's Introductions to his translations of the Platonic Dialogues might be published in a separate form. This step has hitherto been prevented by considerations which it is unnecessary to men- tion here. But it was thought that a select number of significant passages in which Professor Jowett had made Platonic Interpreta- tion the vehicle of his own thoughts might be of interest and use to many persons, for whom the examination of five octavo volumes might seem too formidable a task.” – From the Preface. “ HIS WORK OUT-KIPLINGS KIPLING" Second Edition Nearly Ready George Cabot Lodge Poems SELECT PASSAGES FROM THE Theological Writings of Benjamin Jowett Edited by LEWIS CAMPBELL, M.A., LL.D. 16mo. Cloth, 85 cents. 164 pages, daintily bound in gray and white; wide margins. Price, One Dollar net. PRAISES OF THE PRESS “There is not a line that does not speak.” Al once original and convincing." "Inspiration of life in every line. " A poet like this has long been due." “He thinks first and then writes." "A virility like Kipling at his best." “The vigor of youth glows in his verse." "Speaks out his message large and clear," "There is not a poem that one would have wished left out." “The book is destined to make a place for itself by sheer strength." For sale at your bookshop, or sent post free on receipt of $1.00. CAMERON, BLAKE & CO., Publishers 70 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK For sale by all Booksellers. Send for Catalogue. OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, American Branch 91 & 93 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK THE DIAL PRESS, FINE ARTS BUILDING, CHICAGO 13 1903 THE DIAL A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. EDITED BY FRANCIS F. BROWNE. Volume XXXIV. No. 399. CHICAGO, FEB. 1, 1908. 10 ols, a copy. FINE ARTS BUILDING. 203 Michigan Blvd. 82. a year. APPROVED BOOKS FOR LIBRARIES POOLE'S INDEX, Vol. 5, 1897-1901. Edited by W. I. FLETCHER and Mary Poole. Royal octavo, cloth, net, $10.00; sheep, net, $12.00. Ready in February. An indispensable help to librarians. Like the earlier volumes of the Index, this Supplement has been edited with the co-opera- tion of members of the American Library Association. It includes over 125 PERIODICALS. LOCKHART'S SCOTT. Cambridge Edition, in five volumes, with eleven photogravure illustrations. Octavo, cloth, gilt top, $10.00. In Leslie Stephens's words: “The biography ..ay safely be described as, next to Boswell's Johnson, the best in the language." This is the only edition which has been thoroughly edited since the original edition prepared by Lockhart himself, and includes much matter concerning both Scott's life and Lockhart's which has appeared since the work was first published. " I can hardly imagine a library without Lockhart's Scott, and I know of no edition more serviceable than this.” —C. K. Bolton, Librarian of Boston Athenaum. Recent Books Added to the Boston Public Library EDUCATION BIOGRAPHY AS THE TWIG IS BENT. By Susan CHENERY. Net, $1.00, JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL. By HORACE E. 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Helps to Librarians The publishers will send the following annotated lists at the request of librarians, trustees, and others interested in library work ; Illustrated Monthly Bulletin of New Books, containing descriptions of new books, and carefully selected notices from leading literary journals. The Best Books of 1894-1901. A list of the publications of Houghton, Mifflin & Co., selected, classified, and annotated by ebe New York State Library for its Lists of Best Books. Books for a Small Library. The publications of Hougbton, Mifflin e Co. contained in a suggestive list of books for a small library, compiled and annotated by tbe Wisconsin Free Library Commission. Address LIBRARY DEPARTMENT. . HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO., 4 Park St., Boston 58 (Feb. 1, THE DIAL The McClurg Books of 1902 T PHE following publications were issued by A. C. McClurg & Co., Chicago, during 1902. The list includes some very notable books, and some which bave set new paces in the publishing world. No pains bave been spared to secure new and striking effects in the manufacture of these books, without, however, in any respect departing from the accepted canons of good taste. Bindings and ilustrations have had especial attention, and typography and presswork are all that the facilities and experience of the largest and most competent book-printing bouse in America could make them. 10 fiction Third Edition Sixth Edition The Conquest The Thrall of Leif the Lucky By Eva EMERY DYE A Story of Viking Days • No one who wishes to know the true story of the conquest By Ottilie A. LILJENCRANTZ of the greater part of this great nation can afford to pass by this "A story that has all the glamour of the old romance. Here book."-Cleveland Leader. we see the men even as they lived, who harried the coasts of Eng- “ None of the popular historical novels of the last two or three land, who discovered Greenland centuries before Columbus was years can compare with this in value, or will be apt to keep pace born and carried the gospel thither, the Vikings, the stalwart with it in popularity."— San Francisco Bulletin. Norsemen, the masters of the sea a thousand years ago."- Chicago With Frontispiece, $1.50 Journal. On Fortune's Road “One of the best stories of the year, and the pictures are as Stories of Business unusual in quality as the story."— Milwaukee Sentinel. Illustrated in color, $1.50 By Will PAYNE • He has the ability to see and to draw clearly the picturesque The Bridge of the Gods and striking features of the most prosaic situation. The whole A Romance of Indian Oregon book has the vivid quality of a snap-shot photograph, it is so real."— Philadelphia Telegraph. By F. H. Balch Illustrated, $1.50 " Is certainly one of the best Indian stories ever published. After reading it one feels that he knows something about Indians The Holland Wolves and Indian life."— Boston Transcript. By J. BRECKENRIDGE Ellis New Illustrated Edition, $1.50 " A thrilling and delightful romance of the days when King Alabama Sketches Philip of Spain sent his armies to Holland . . . one of the best stories of its kind of the season, and there are unusually good By SAMUEL Minturn Peck full-page illustrations."— Buffalo Express. "No more fascinating book of short stories has ever been Illustrated, $1.50 printed. Every loved sight and color of our Southern forest and garden are therein."- New Orleans Times-Democrat. Second Edition $1.00 A Captive of the Roman Eagles The Point of Honour Translated from the German of Felix Daun “ He describes with dramatic power and positive accuracy, the By H. A. HINKSON life of those far-off days. Such fiction is of the highest literary “ It deals with the gentlemen of Ireland in the eighteenth cen- value. It redeems the appellation historical novel' from execra- tury. ... Of modern Irish writers of fiction not one is within tion and oblivion."- Louisville Courier Journal. gunshot of Mr. Hinkson for brilliancy, dramatic quality, high $1.50 spirits, and magnificent swing and sweep of narrative."— Cbicago Evening Post. $1.50 The Prince Incognito By ELIZABETH WORMELEY LATIMER Gertrude Dorrance “Her hero is Rinaldo D'Este, cousin to Louis XV. of France, By MARY FISHER who decides to give up his rank and title for the Huguenot girl he « Gertrude Dorrance is a most engaging young person, who loves. The young prince and his wife escape to the New World, has the luck to charm three men, and surely that is enough love having desperate adventures and manifold trials. The romance for any one of normal taste. The story is very well written, and is full of color and imagination, carrying the reader buoyantly to the reading of it will induce reflection. But it is, in addition, a the closing word of an unusually entertaining novel."— Philadel- good story."— Pbiladelphia Telegraph. phia Public Ledger. $1.50 $1.50 1 Nature Books Birds of the Rockies Nestlings of Forest and Marsh By LEANDER S. KEYSER By IRENE GROSVENOR WHEELOCK One of the handsomest books issued this fall. ... Not "She has a host of incidents at command and illustrates her only beautifully printed, but the best and most thorough pub- pleasant narrative with many illustrations direct from nature. lication ever published treating of the birds and their habits in that The volume is a delightful addition to the library of the bird section of the country.". - Omaha Bee, student and lover."- Philadelphia Ledger. Illustrated in color and black and white, $3.00 net Illustrated, $1.40 pet 1. A. C. MCCLURG & CO. :: PUBLISHERS :: CHICAGO 1903.) 59 THE DIAL THE MCCLURG BOOKS OF 1902 . a Travel and Description In Argolis Notes on the Nicaragua Canal By GEORGE HORTON By HENRY I. SHELDON * Any one who has ever sojourned in Greece, or loved it from " It is a most readable, complete and interesting little work. afar, will enjoy .In Argolis ' and will read it more than once, in It gives the reader a remarkably clear picture of life in Central memory of skies and scenes and a people that must always haunt America, and even such usually omitted matters as what the his imagination. And any gentle reader who knows nothing of expenses in hotels amount to, the clothing necessary, what to eat Greece will find in these little pictures of a life that is far from and what not, are all treated of in detail." - Cincinnati Commercial strenuous something rare and genuine that approaches the quali- Tribune. tiesfof a classic."— Tbe Nation. Third Edition, Illustrated, $1.25 Illustrated, $1.75 net Down Historic Waterways Ocean to Ocean Six Hundred Miles of Canoeing upon Illinois and Ano Account, Personal and Historical, of Nicaragua Wisconsin Rivers and its People By Reuben Gold THWAITES By J. W. G. WALKER, U. S. N. “Mr. Thwaites' book is not only a charming account of a " It leaves nothing to be desired ; any one who wants to know summer canoe trip, but an excellent guide for any one who is anything about Nicaragua, in any aspect, from any point of view, contemplating a similar inland voyage.' It is a book to be read here it is in less than three hundred pages, with plenty of pretty to get the spirit of the woods and rivers and streams and lakes." photographs of tropical loveliness and strangeness. - Philadelphia - Worcester Spy. North American. Illustrated, $1.25 net New Illustrated Edition, $1.20 net General Literature Essays Letters to an Enthusiast Socialism and Labor Being a Series of Letters addressed to Robert Bal. And Other Arguments, Social, Political, and Patriotic manno, Esq., of New York, 1850-1861 By Rt. Rev. J. L. SPALDING By MARY COWDEN-CLARKE “Fourteen eloquent, lofty, and wise arguments that every - To read them is to be admitted to the lively company of citizen, man or woman, would be benefitted by reading. . . . He Lamb and Leigh Hunt, and to have glimpses of the artistic cele- has a heart aglow for American institutions and the public wel- brities of the last century. They make a book which all lovers fare." — Henry George, Jr., in the New York Journal. of literature will read with sympathetic interest. The volume is 80 cents net happily illustrated by portraits and facsimiles."— The Scotsman. Illustrated, $2.50 net Religion, Agnosticism, and Education A Selection of the World's Greatest Short By Rt. Rev. J. L. SPALDING Stories. “ The conscience of the time pleads for reassurance or convic- tion. Singularly adapted for this plea is the style of Bishop With Critical and Historical Comments Spalding, who is unquestionably the most persuasive religious By SHERWIN CODY writer in contemporary secular literature.” – 'The New World. Since its publication Mr. Cody's book has been adopted by 80 cents net twelve large universities, and more than two score smaller insti- tutions, which is a demonstration of its practical worth. Nothing Various Views, Editorial Echoes, Little just like it has ever been available, and students of literature Leaders have been quick to recognize this fact. $1.00 net By William Morton PAYNE "His work as a literary essayist is closely akin to that of Mr. The Book Lover Hammerton in art and ethics. He possesses the same broad view A Guide to the Best Reading of the field, the same glance at the outlying purlieus of philosophy and ästhetics, the same easy feeling of inevitability in his beliefs By JAMES BALDWIN, Ph.D. just sufficiently manifest." —N. Y. Commercial Advertiser. “One of the most valuable and carefully prepared books about Three Volumes, $1.00 net each books lately issued. . . . Not only is Mr. Baldwin enthusiastic about books and the formation of a love for reading, but his vol- ume has been so written as to make his readers share his enthus- music iasm." - N. Y. Times. New revised edition, from new plates, $1.00 net Musical Pastels By George P. UPTON History · A collection of ten short essays, charmingly written, and on subjects concerning which many music lovers know just enough Second Edition to make them anxious to know more.” – New York Evening Post. The Expedition of Lewis and Clark Illustrated, $2.00 net Reprinted from the Edition of 1814 With an Introduction and Index by The Standard Light Operas JAMES K. HOSMER, LL.D. By GEORGE P. UPTON “Of the several new editions of this valuable narrative, this “A most valuable possession for people of culture as well as is by far the best and most complete.” – Minneapolis Journal. lovers of and students of music. Thirty-seven light operas are * We have nothing but praise for this handsome reprint."- written upon in the most sprightly and pleasant manner.". The Nation. Louisville Courier-Journal. Two volumes, with portraits, $5.00 net $1.20 net 1. A. C. McCLURG & CO. PUBLISHERS CHICAGO 60 [Feb. 1, THE DIAL THE MCCLURG BOOKS OF 1902 The Helpful Thoughts Series Helpful Thoughts New SELECTIONS FROM MARCUS AURELIUS Compiled by Walter Lee Brown “One of the striking things about the book is its attractive form." — Buffalo Express. Right Reading QUOTATIONS ON THE CHOICE AND USE of Books • There is so much wisdom, so much inspiration, so much that is practical and profitable for every reader in these pages, that we would scatter this little volume broadcast as a tract.' New York Commercial Advertiser. Catch Words of Cheer HELPFUL THOUGHTS FOR EACH DAY OF THE YEAR Compiled by Sara A. HUBBARD " Each one of these three hundred and sixty-five selections has its own word of counsel and comfort." - Tbe Cbristian Register. Per volume, 80 cents net Gift Books Memories By Max MÜLLER “ As a gift-book, this volume has not been surpassed. It is so beautiful in appearance and so lofty in sentiment that the choice of it would reflect great credit upon the giver.” – Louisville Courier-Journal. New illustrated edition (50th thousand), $2.00 net Books for young people The Pete and Polly Stories By CAROLYN Wells • When Miss Wells writes a nonsense book and Miss Cory makes the pictures for it, the result is irresistible, as this dainty volume shows." - N. 8. Commercial Advertiser. Illustrated, $1.50 net Coquo and the King's Children By Cornelia BAKER “One of the best long stories for children we have seen this season.” — Chicago Record-Herald. Illustrated in color, $1.50 net Prince Silverwings By Edith OGDEN HARRISON A superb collection of entertaining fairy tales with a daintily artistic frontispiece and illustrations in color." — Buffalo Courier. Illustrated in color, $1.75 net Little Mistress Good Hope By Mary IMLAY TAYLOR " A book of great charm, and the illustrations in color are delightful examples of latter-day art.” — Milwaukee Sentinel. Illustrated in color, $1.50 net Mayken By JESSIE ANDERSON CHASE "A quaint, sweet, wholesome story for children.". Ourlook. Illustrated, $1.20 net - - Send for our Complete Illustrated Catalogue. A. C. McCLURG & CO. :: PUBLISHERS CHICAGO Ready this Spring To Librarians An Index to Poetry and Recitations We carry a larger and more general stock of the publica- tions of all American publishers than any other house in the United States. One of the most indispensable refer- ence manuals for the librarian ever published. Over three hundred standard and popular collections have been indexed, comprising nearly thirty thousand titles. We shall be glad to send a circular giving detailed information upon request. We invite librarians and book committees to call and availthem- selves of the opportunity to select from our large stock. a A. C. MCCLURG & CO. A. C. McCLURG & CO. CHICAGO CHICAGO 1903.) 61 THE DIAL Summary of John Lane's 1902 Books General Literature PERSIAN CHILDREN OF THE ROYAL FAMILY. By WILFRID SPARROY. Illustrated. 8vo, $3.50 net. WITH NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA. By EDITH S. STOKOE. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.50 net. AMERICA THE LAND OF CONTRASTS. By JAMES FULLARTON MUIRHEAD. New Edition. 12mo, $1.20 net. SPANISH CONQUEST IN AMERICA. By SIR ARTHUR HELPS. New Edition in 4 vols. Edited by M. Oppenheim. Vols. I. and II. ready. 12mo, $1.50. MAN VISIBLE AND INVISIBLE. By C. W. LEAD- Illustrated in color. Svo, $2.50 net. Fiction (12mo. $1.50 unless noted.) THE LADY PARAMOUNT. By HENRY HARLAND. THE STORY OF EDEN. By DolF WYLLARDE. THE DECOY. By FRANCIS DANA. A ROMAN MYSTERY. By RICHARD BAGOT. THE JUST AND THE UNJUST. By RICHARD BAGOT. THE CATHOLIC. Anonymous. LOVE WITH HONOUR. By CHARLES MARRIOTT. AN ENGLISH GIRL IN PARIS. Anonymous. LUCK O' LASSENDALE. By LORD IDDESLEIGH. COMMENTS OF A COUNTESS. Anonymous. $1. net. THE BEAUTIFUL MRS. MOULTON. By NATHA- NIEL STEPHENSON. $1.20 net. THE HEADSWOMAN. By KENNETH GRAHAME. New Edition. 16mo, 50 cents net. KITWYK STORIES. By MRS. JOHN LANE. $1. net. BEATER. O Belles-Lettres TERRORS OF THE LAW. By FRANCIS WATT. Illustrated. 16mo, $1.25 net. DANTE AND THE DIVINE COMEDY. By W. J. PAYLING WRIGHT. 16mo, $1.00 net. EARLY PROSE WRITINGS OF JAMES RUS- SELL LOWELL. Preface by EDWARD E. HALE. Introduction by WALTER LITTLEFIELD. Portrait. 12mo, boards, $1.20 net. HEROINES OF POETRY. By CONSTANCE E. MAUD. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.50 net. Juvenile DREAM DAYS. By KENNETH GRAHAME. Illus- trated (in photogravure) by Maxfield Parrish. Square 8vo, $2.50 net. A ROMANCE OF THE NURSERY. By L. ALLEN HARKER. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.25 net. INGOLDSBY LEGENDS. Profusely illustrated by HERBERT COLE. Svo, $1.25 net. Poetry THE POEMS OF ARTHUR SYMONS. Frontis. piece. 2 vols. 8vo, $3.00 net. INDIA'S LOVE LYRICS. By LAURENCE HOPE. 12mo, $1.50 net. RAINBOWS. By OLIVE CUSTANCE. 10mo, $1.00 net. FLORILEGIUM LATINUM. Vol. II. (Victorian Poets). 12mo, $2.00 net. A LONG DUEL: A PLAY. By MRS. W. K. CLIF- FORD. 12mo, $1.25 net. SELECTED POEMS. By WILLIAM WATSON. 16mo, $1.25 net. THE TRIUMPH OF LOVE. By EDMOND HOLMES. 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