KING A form required by established house ; liberal terms ; prompt, straightforward PUBLISHER treatment. Address BOOKS, 141 Herald Twenty-Third Street, New York : 1903.) 129 THE DIAL To Librarians Monday and Tuesday, March 2d and 3d We sell an Exceedingly Interesting Catalogue BOOKS Including many Rare, Scarce, and Valuable Items. EARLY AMERICANA COUNTY HISTORIES FIRST EDITIONS AMERICAN AUTHORS Trouvelot's Astronomy, Colored Plates Vanderbilt Allen's Sporting Incidents Rome and Greece, Editions de Luxe (New) And many others not to be had in regular sales.- Catalogues can be had by addressing WILLIAMS, BARKER & SEVERN CO. 185 AND 187 WABASH AVENUE, CHICAGO A4 LL should read “The Certainty of a Future Life in Mars," being the Posthumous Papers of Bradford Torrey Dodd. For sale by JOHN MURPHY, 201 East 42nd St., New York City. We carry a larger and more general stock of the publica- tions of all American publishers than any other house in the United States. THE BAKER & TAYLOR CO. Library Department. We invite librarians and book committees to call and avail them- selves of the opportunity to select from our large stock. We have sold books to librarians for fifty years. We have the largest stock in the largest book market in the country. We fill orders promptly, completely, and intelli- gently. A. C. MCCLURG & CO. CHICAGO Send for our ner Clearance Catalogue. Wholesale Booksellers and Publishers, 33 37 East 17th Street, Union Square, North, New YORK FREDERICK BRUEGGER A. A. DEVORE & SON . Singing Tailors Tone Placing. Voice Culture. Style. PULLMAN BUILDING CHICAGO 720.721 Fine Arts Building, 203 Michigan Blvd. Chicago. Big Four Route The STUDEBAKER CHICAGO TO fine arts Building Michigan Boulevard, between Congress and Van Buren Streets. Indianapolis, Cincinnati, Louisville, Florida, AND ALL POINTS South and Southeast. AN UNQUALIFIED SUCCESS! George Ade's NEW MUSICAL COMEDY. PEGGY PARIS J. C. TUCKER, G. N. A., No. 234 South Clark Street, CHICAGO FROM Music by WILLIAM LORAINR. 180 [Feb. 16, THE DIAL Santa Fe all the Way You leave Chicago on the California Limited. In less than three days you are in California. It's Santa Fe all the way - train, track, and management. , Shortest line, Chicago to Los Angeles and San Diego. A direct route to San Francisco. Only line to Grand Canyon of Arizona. Money cannot provide a finer train. Think of a travel comfort: here it is. Cosy compartment Pullmans, sunny observation parlor, a well-selected library, electric lights; also buffet-smoking car, with barber shop and daily stock reports. But the crown of it all is the dining-car service — Harvey's best, which is the best in the world. Convincing facts in booklets. Our other daily trains to California carry standard Pullmans, tourist sleepers, and chair cars. Ask for our California books. Address, Gen. Pass. Office, Atchison, Topeka & Great Northern Bldg., Santa Fe R’y. Chicago. Santa Fe Florida and New Orleans VIA Queen & Crescent Route Southern Railway MINNEAPOLIS AND ST. PAUL AND CONNECTING LINES Illinois Central Railroad Through Pullman Service FROM CHICAGO, CLEVELAND, DETROIT, TOLEDO, PITTSBURG, LOUISVILLE TO New line from Chicago via Rockford, Freeport, Dubuque, Waterloo and Albert Lea. Fine service and fast "Limited" night train, with Stateroom and Open-section Sleeping Car, Buffet-Library Car, and Free Reclining Chair Car through without change. Dining Car Service. ST. AUGUSTINE Three Trains a Day CHICAGO & FLORIDA SPECIAL FLORIDA LIMITED QUEEN & CRESCENT SPECIAL TO CINCINNATI At 9:15 P.M., 8:30 A.M., 8:05 P.M. A. H. HANSON, G.P.A., CHICAGO Write for Rates and Printed Matter. W. C. RINEARSON, G. P. A., Cincinnati, O. 1903.) 131 THE DIAL THE MASTER OF WARLOCK BY GEORGE CARY EGGLESTON, AUTHOR "DOROTHY SOUTH" "A CAROLINA CAVALIER” Illustrated by C. D. WILLIAMS. Price $1.50 “THE HE Master of Warlock” is an entertaining, charming love story of the South, with vivid descriptions of the civil conflict during its early stages, when the Confederates were successful. The novel is full of action, atmosphere, and romance. THE CAPTAIN BY CHURCHILL WILLIAMS, AUTHOR "J. DEVLIN-BOSS" Illustrated by ARTHUR I. KELLER. Price $1.50 In N this charming double love tale of 'war time, the great figure of the Captain, who will be at once recognized as General Grant, dominates the whole story, and offers the most striking portrait of that unique figure yet to be found in American fiction. LOTHROP PUBLISHING COMPANY, BOSTON ZOLA'S NEW NOVEL “ What is TRUTH" asked jesting Pilate, and would not stay for an Finished just before his death answer. TRUTH 12mo $1.50 Just Out Translated by E. A. VIZETELLY. The third in the ‘Four Evan- gelists' group, following “Fruitfulness” and “ Labor.'' THE PLOT: Virtually, the problem presented by the famous Dreyfus case, recast in a new mould. SUBJECT: Illustrates the antagonistic influences of the Jesuit and secular parties in modern France. “Truth is on its way, and TREATMENT: Sustains from cover to cover intense interest in a vivid dramatic situation. nothing can stop it." - Zola. “J'accuse." PUBLISHED BY JOHN LANE: NEW YORK 132 (Feb. 16, 1903. THE DIAL LONGMANS, GREEN & Co.'s NEW BOOKS american Citizen Series Longmans' English Classics 1 0 NEW VOLUME. NEW VOLUMES. Financial History of the Irving's Life of Goldsmith Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by LEWIS B. SEMPLE. United States Ph.D., of the Brooklyn Commercial High School, New York. 12mo, cloth, 50 cts.; boards, 40 cts. By Davis Rich DEWEY, Ph.D., Professor of Economics and Statistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Tennyson's Gareth and Lynette, With Charts, Bibliographies, Chapter References, Index, The Passing of Arthur, Lancer etc. Large crown octavo, about 520 pages, cloth, $2.00. [Immediately.] lot and Elaine Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by Miss S. C. HART, FIFTH EDITION, REVISED. Professor in Wellesley College. Cloth, 50 cts.; boards, 40 cts. Outline of Practical Sociology Macaulay's (1) Life of Johnson With Special Reference to American Conditions. By CAR- Edited by HUBER GRAY BUEHLER, of the Hotchkiss School. ROLL D. Wright, LL.D., U. S. Commissioner of Labor, (2) ADDISON, edited by James G. CROSSWELL, of the President of Clark College. Large crown octavo, pages Brearley School, New York. In one volume. Cloth, xxviii-431, cloth, $2.00. 50 cts.; boards, 40 cts. The Revision comprehends changes made necessary by the pube Scott's Lady of the Lake lication of the reports of the Twelfth United States Census. Some of the charts and diagrams appearing in previous editions, With Introduction and Notes by GEORGE RICE CARPEN- reproduced from the reports of the Eleventh Census, do not ap- TER, A.B., Professor of Rhetoric and English Composition pear in the reports of the Twelfth, but the improved forms of the in Columbia University, Editor-in-chief of the Series ; latter Census have been substituted for the old forms, with the kind consent of Hon. William R. Merriam, Director of the Twelfth with a Map. Cloth, 50 cts.; boards, 40 cts. Census. The Bibliographies and References at the heads of chapters have been brought down to date. The Age of the Fathers The Making of Our Middle Being Chapters in the History of the Church During the Fourth and Fifth Centuries. By the late WILLIAM Schools BRIGHT, D.D., Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History in the University of Oxford, and Canon of Christ Church. An Account of the Development of Secondary Education in Edited by WALTER LOCK, D.D., Warden of Keble the United States. By ELMER ELLSWORTH BROWN, College, Oxford, and C. H. TURNER, M. A., Magdalen Col- Ph.D, Professor of the Theory and Practice of Education lege, Oxford. 2 vols., 8vo. $10.00 net; by mail, $10 37. in the University of California. With full Bibliographies and General Index. Large crown octavo, pages xii-547, New Fiction $3.00. This book presents a comprehensive account of the development The Ramparts of Jezreel of secondary education in the United States, from the earliest heginnings to the present time. It touches on a wide range of By Mr. ARNOLD DAVENPORT. Crown 8vo, cloth, orna- topics : The European prototypes of American schools, the rise of mental, $1.50. school systems under civil control, important single foundations, the A romantic novel founded on the Biblical narrative of events lead. history of studies, great teachers and their methods of instruction, ing to the accession of Jehu to the throne of Israel and to the death the later church schools, the new high schools of New York City, of Jezebel. Jehu, the Prophet Elisha, and a supposed daughter of and many current problems. Elijah, are leading characters, and the Siege and Capture of Jezreel is the climax of the story. The Theory and Practice of the Donna Diana English Government By Mr. RichARD Bagot, author of “Casting of Nets" and "A Roman Mystery." Crown 8vo, cloth, pages 406. By THOMAS FRANCIS MORAN, Ph.D., Professor of History $1.50. and Economics in Purdue University. Crown octavo, “. Donna Diana' is very likely to create a stir, for while as a novel it is skilful and highly interesting, reminding one of Marion Craw. pages xii-379, $1.20 net; postage additional. ford at his best, it is not as a novel that it will first be considered. The purpose of this book is to place before American readers a It describes with minuteness the workings of the Church in Romne, concise account of the theory and practice of the English Govern. and though it spares not condemnation of what is evil in the Church, An effort has been made to present within reasonable com- those who read carefully will have no doubt but that Mr. Bagot pass a description of the actual working of the English Government writes out of a full heart, striving to correct evils to which eren his with some reference to its history and theory. devotion can not blind him." - Indianapolis News. ment. LONGMANS, GREEN & CO., 93 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK THE DIAL PRESS, FINE ARTS BUILDING, CHICAGO 1 THE DIAL A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. IDITED BY FRANCIS F. BROWNE. } Volume XXXIV. No. 401. CHICAGO, MARCH 1, 1908. 10 ots, a copy. S FINE ARTS BUILDING. 203 Michigan Blvd. { $2, a year. EARLY SPRING PUBLICATIONS American Diplomacy in the Orient By John W. FOSTER, author of "A Century of American Diplomacy.” 8vo, $3.00 net ; postpaid, $3.20. A review of the diplomatic relations of the United States with China, Japan, etc., the annexation of Hawaii and the Philippines, and the results of the Spanish War in the Far East. William Ellery Channing By John WHITE CHADWICK. With two photogravure portraits. Crown 8vo, $1.75 net (postage extra). The career of the great Liberal leader is drawn with the sure touch and full mastery of material that have already given distinction to Dr. Chadwick's portrait of Theodore Parker. (Ready in March.) Phillips Brooks Cambridge Pope By WILLIAM LAWRENCE, Bishop of Massachu- Edited by H. W. BOYNTON. Large crown 8vo, $2. setts. 16mo, 50 cts. net ; postpaid, 55 cts. Complete Poetical Works of Alexander Pope. Cam- A study of Phillips Brooks's permanent contribution bridge Edition. (Ready in March.) to the religious thought and life of the time, written on the tenth anniversary of his death. (Ready in March.) John Fiske's Cosmic Philosophy New Edition. Human Destiny 4 vols. Crown 8vo, in a box, $8.00. In the Light of Revelation This great work acquires an added value in its new By John F. WEIR. 16mo, $1.00 net ; form, with an introduction by Professor JOSIAH ROYCE, postpaid, $1.08. and a complete index. A devout and earnest study of the destiny of man as The Poets of Transcendentalism revealed in the Bible, and especially as manifested in Jesus Christ. Edited by GEORGE W. COOKE. Crown 8vo, A Satchel Guide $2.00 net (postage extra). For the Vacation Tourist in Europe An anthology embodying the best poetry produced in this country, including Emerson, Thoreau, Margaret By W. J. ROLFE. 18mo, $1.50 net. Fuller, Ellery Channing, and others, the principal Edition for 1903 carefully revised to date, both the choice being the transcendental view of life. (Ready text and maps. in March.) NOVELS John Percyfield mor, By C. HANFORD HENDERSON. 12mo, $1.50. An unusual and notable book presenting an idyllic love story in a setting of discursive prose, wherein sentiment, and reflection are charmingly mingled. (Ready in March.) The Lieutenant Governor By Guy WETMORE CARRYL. 12mo, $1.50. (Ready in March.) “Its plot is new, its situations dramatic, and it is continuously interesting."— Boston Transcript. Houghton, Mifflin & Company, Boston and New York 134 [March 1, THE DIAL T. Y. Crowell & Co.'s Newest Books From a Thatched Cottage Down the Orinoco in a Canoe A Midsommer Nights Dreame “FIRST FOLIO EDITION.” Edited by CHARLOTTE PORTER and HELEN A. CLARKE Ву ELEANOR G. HAYDEN By SenoR PEREZ TRIANA $1.50 $1.25 a A story of middle-class life which must take its place with the best novels of the year. A book well worth the reading. An interesting account of a novel journey from the Columbian Pla- teau down the Orinoco River to the Atlantic. A wild, untravelled land well described. Cloth, net 50c.; limp leather, net 75c. (postage, 5c.) This text is the only one (in handy form) which follows the earli- est and most authoritative edition. Printed by De Vinne. Full notes and introductions. Other plays to follow. Send for circular. RECENT BOOKS Economics of Forestry Poe's Complete Works (VIRGINIA EDITION) Edited by J. A. HARRISON By BERNHARD E. FERNOW $1.50 net. By mail, $1.65 66 “No other book [on this great subject] of like author- ity. To be commended in the highest terms." - Philadelphia Public Ledger. Altogether the best and most complete edition." - Prof. W. L. PHELPS (Yale). Send for booklet. The Poetry of Browning By STOPFORD A. BROOKE Thoreau: His Home, Friends, and Books By ANNIE RUSSELL MARBLE $1.50 net. By mail, $1.65 $2. net. By mail, $2.20 66 * The most satisfactory and stimulating criticism of this poet yet published.” London Times. “A new and careful study which will be welcomed by many readers." - N. Y. Sun. The Coming City Mind Power and Privileges By RICHARD T. ELY By ALBERT B. OLSTON 60 cents net. By mail, 68 cents $1.50 net. By mail, $1.65 “Presents the latest phases and best thoughts on the municipal problem." Wisconsin State Journal. “An attractive study discussed with thoughtful care and in entertaining style." - Albany Argus. SEND FOR COMPLETE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE THOMAS Y. CROWELL & CO., NEW YORK 1903.) 185 THE DIAL A.C. McClurg & Co's Spring Announcement By the Author of “ The Thrall of Leif the Lucky." THE WARD OF KING CANUTE A Romance of the Danish Conquest. By OTTILIE A. LILJENCRANTZ. With 6 full-page illustrations in color and other decorations by the Kinneys. FEW young writers have been so exceptionally successful as Miss Liljencrantz in obtaining the elusive quality called “ atmosphere." It is the one absolute essential in a romantic novel, and it was the presence of this quality that made her first book, "The Thrall of Leif the Lucky," so successful. This new book is a romance of the Danish Conquest of England, with pictures by the artists who made the famous illustrations for " The Thrall." ($1.50.) By the Author of " A Captive of the Roman Eagles." FELICITAS By FELIX DAHN. Translated by Mary J. Safford. THE second volume in the great German author's trio of historical romances, based on the early struggles between Germany and Rome. The third volume is in preparation. ($1.50.) Companion Volume to “ The World's Greatest Short Stories." A SELECTION FROM THE BEST ENGLISH ESSAYS With an Historical and Critical Study of English Prose Style. By SHERWIN CODY. WHAT Mr. Cody did so successfully for the short story in his earlier book he aims to do in this volume for the masterpieces of English style. The Greatest Short Stories" has now been adopted by twelve large universities and over twenty smaller institutions. ($1.00 net.) A Human Document of Remarkable Power. THE SOULS OF BLACK FOLK By WILLIAM BURGHARDT DU BOIS. AN extraordinarily vital and interesting book by an able advocate of his race's spiritual rights. Mr. DuBois is a graduate of Harvard University and a professor in the University of Atlanta, and himself a man of great culture, he has always contended for the spiritual uplifting of the negro as opposed to Mr. Booker Washington's practical and material theories. He is for right and justice to his people; Mr. Washington for policy and expediency. ($1.20 net.) A Thoughtful Book from an Original Standpoint. REFLECTIONS OF A LONELY MAN By “A. C. M.” A DELIGHTFULLY entertaining and original little volume, in which humor and philosophy are judiciously mingled, and distinguished by an unusual lightness of touch. ($1.00 net.) The First Appearance in Book-form of CARTOONS BY McCUTCHEON With an Introduction by GEORGE ADE. WHEN Prince Henry was covering this country, the Chicago Record-Herald followed his movements with a series of cartoons that would have made the artist famous had he not been so already. The originals now hang in the Prince's palace at Kiel, but their reproductions, and seventy-five or eighty others, political, humorous, and always delightful, will be found in this portfolio. ($1.25 net.) By the Author of " The Law of Psychic Phenomena."* THE LAW OF MENTAL MEDICINE By THOMSON J. HUDSON, LL.D. NEARLY sixty thousand copies of Dr. Hudson's previous book have now been sold, and his new book, which deals in a bold and original way with a subject which is attracting universal attention, will prove an even greater success. ($1.20 net.) For Librarians and Booksellers. AN INDEX TO POETRY AND RECITATIONS Being a Practical Reference Manual for the Librarian, Teacher, Bookseller, Elocutionist, etc. Edited by EDITH GRANGER, A.B. THIS will undoubtedly prove to be one of the most useful reference books ever published. Over 300 standard and popular collections have been indexed, comprising nearly thirty thousand titles, arranged alphabetically under three heads — titles, authors, and first lines. ($5.00 net.) - A. C. MCCLURG & CO. :: PUBLISHERS :: CHICAGO 136 (March 1, THE DIAL MESSRS. HARPER & BROTHERS beg to announce that Mrs. HUMPHRY WARD'S new novel, “LADY ROSE'S DAUGHTER,” will be publisbed in book form early in the montb of March. THREE EDITIONS TWO VOLUME AUTOGRAPH-350 numbered sets, each autographed by the author. 16 full-page drawings by Christy. Orders may be placed now, and will be filled in the order in which they are received until the edition is exhausted. Crown 8vo, Deckel Edges, Gilt Tops, Special Binding, in Box, $5.00 TWO VOLUME-Uniform with two-volume edition of “ Eleanor." 16 full-page drawings by Christy. Crown 8vo, Gilt Tops, Deckel Edges, in Box $ 3.00 ONE VOLUME-8 full-page drawings by Christy. Post 8vo, Ornamented Cloth $1.50 . HARPER & BROTHERS Franklin Square, New York 1903.) 137 THE DIAL NEW BOOKS RECENTLY ISSUED A Woman's Hardy Garden By HELENA RUTHERFURD ELY Describes a small garden prepared and planted with bulbs at small expense so that one may have flowers in blossom continually from mid-April until well into November. Charmingly simple and serviceable, the book is illustrated with many photographs of the author's garden. Cloth, 12mo, $1.75 net (postage 13 cts.). Pure Sociology: A Treatise on the Origin and SPONTANEOUS DEVELOPMENT By LESTER F. OF SOCIETY WARD Its thesis is that “the subject matter of sociology is human achievement," and of Author of “Outlines of the conditions and results of human achievement it treats with characteristic originality Sociology,” etc. and boldness. Cloth, 8vo, $4.00 net (postage 27 cts.). The Social Unrest STUDIES IN LABOR AND Socialist MOVEMENTS By JOHN GRAHAM “It is the only volume before the American reading public to-day in which the views of both sides to the great social problem are set down in full fairness and candor."- BROOKS Chicago Daily News. Cloth, 12mo, $$1.50 net (postage 13 cts.). Happiness Essays on the Meaning of Life MEANING By CARL HILTY “That which draws readers to the Bern professor appears to be his capacity to Translated by Professor maintain in the midst of a life of scientific activity and of important duties of public service an unusual detatchment of desire and an interior quietness of mind.” – New F. G. PEABODY York Times Saturday Review, Harvard University Cloth, 16mo, $1.25 net (postage 7 cts.). The Story of Siena and San Gimignano By EDMUND G. GARDNER Uniform with the volume on The Story of Florence 'by the same author. Large paper edition, illustrated with many reproductions of paintings, etc., and with draw- ings by the late HELEN M, JAMES. Cloth, 12mo, $3.00. The Cambridge Modern History Vol. I. THE RENAISSANCE Planned by the late LORD ACTON ; written by nineteen of the most eminent of English historians. “There can be no question about the great value of the work-in fact, it is invalu- able to every historical student.”—The Public Ledger, Philadelphia. Vol. I. Cloth, 8vo. 927 pp. $3.75 net (postage 29 cts.). Democracy and the Organization of Political Parties By M. OSTROGORSKI Translated from the French by FREDERICK CLARKE With a Preface by JAMES BRYCE “In the fullness, accuracy, and painstaking care with which it was prepared it takes rank with Mr. Bryce's 'American Commonwealth.'"- Philadelphia Press. Cloth, 8vo, 2 vols., $6.00 net (expressage extra). 6 Of interest to all who would direct a child's interest in books. By CHARLES A. The Method of the Recitation McMURRY, Ph.D. Cloth, 16 mo. Just ready. 90 cts. (postage 10 cts.). Special Method in the Reading Special Method in Primary of Complete English Classics Reading and Story IN THE GRADES OF THE COMMON SCHOOL Cloth, 16mo. Nearly ready. Nex Edition. Revised and Greatly Enlarged. The early volumes of a series which aims to secure Cloth, 16mo, 75 cts. net (postage 10 ots.). a simple scientific method of classroom work. 8 On net books ordered from the publisher carriage is an extra charge; for sale by all dealers at net rates. Published New York by THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 66 Fifth Ave., 138 (March 1, 1903. THE DIAL Some of Appletons' Latest Books " FICTION For a Maiden Brave A Whaleman's Wife By CHAUNCY C. HOTCHKISS. Illustrated in colors. By F. T. BULLEN, author of “The Cruise of the 12mo. Cloth, $1.50. Cachalot," "Deep-Sea Plunderings," etc. Illus- “It is such a book as one will sit up through the night trated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50. hours to finish," “The reader will do well to place himself in the skilful “It moves rapidly, and is full of thrilling incidents." hands of the novelist, and read his book from beginning to “There never was a novel just like this, and despite all end. One is impressed with its general truthfulness, and of Mr. Hotchkiss's clever writing heretofore, this is cer- convinced that no one would be led from its pages to covet'a tainly his masterpiece."— St. Paul Dispatch. life on the bring deep'in a whaler.”---Indianapolis Sentinel. 9 9 66 a BETTER THAN FICTION A Virginia Girl in the Civil War Personal Reminiscences of By MYRTA LOCKETT AVARY. 12mo. Cloth, Prince Bismarck $1.25 net; postage, 12 cents additional. By SIDNEY WHITMAN, author of “Imperial Ger- “This is an interesting record of the life of one of the many,” etc. With Portraits. Large 12mo. Cloth, brave daughters of the South during the rebellion. We have gilt top, uncut, $1.60 net; postage, 16c. additional. also vivid and charming pictures of the chivalry of both "One is at a loss to know where to particularize in com- Southern and Northern officers towards women."— Chicago menting on Mr. Whitman's book, it is so full of interesting Tribune. side lights on a remarkably interesting personality.”—The “It photographs the spirit of the age in a direct detailed Chicago Interior. way that no so-called historical novel with manufactured “In these pages we see Bismarck the man, not Bismarck situations and worn-out sentiments can dare to approach." the statesman and soldier. It is a fine portraiture, and pre- - St. Paul Pioneer Press. sents the great German in the aspect of companion and friend."-- Chicago Journal. The Story of the Trapper Appletons' Business Series. By A. C. LAUT, author of “Heralds of Empire.” The Work of Wall Street Illustrated by HEMING. (The Story of the West By SERENO S. PRATT. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25 net; Series, Edited by Ripley Hitchcock.) Illustrated. postage, 12 cents additional. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25 net; postage, 12 cents “For the first time so far as we are aware, Wall street is additional. pictured to us in a book from the inside. This intensely “The Story of the Trapper' as told by Miss A. C. Laut ་ interesting story of the mysterious inner doings of the is more romantic than any tale of fiction. The author has mysterious realm which we know so little about deals very brought to her work a remarkable knowledge of forest lore comprehensively and very primarily with the interesting and something more than a mere acquaintance with the early subject. Mr. Pratt's book is all the more convincing because history of this continent. In her hands the facts connected he assumes the attitude of the reporter seeking to tell a with the struggles of the pioneer traders are woven together plain story, and not attempting to foist any of his own with a deftness that makes a splendid record of adventure. opinions upon the reader. It is simply a graphic picture of It is seldom that any author succeeds so admirably in awaken- the ins and outs of Wall street, which takes the average ing the enthusiasm of the reader who cons a record of the man into confidence, and opens up all the purposes, methods, past.” — Milwaukee Sentinel. and operations of speculation."— St. Paul Dispatch. IMPORTANT NOTICE About March 20 we will publish a new novel entitled “RICHARD ROSNEY,” by Maxwell Gray, author of “ The Silence of Dean Maitland,” “ House of Hidden Treasure,” etc. Maxwell Gray has not yet published a novel in this country for which there has not been a large sale. This new book is said to be the strongest ever written by this author. D. APPLETON & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS NEW YORK BOSTON CHICAGO THE DIAL A Semis Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. No. 401. PAGE THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of HERRINGS AND BOOKS. each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, postage prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries In the light of certain recent happenings, one womprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must he added. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the might paraphrase the old saying of Fletcher of aurrent number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or Saltoun, and remark: “I care not who makes postal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO CLUBS and for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application; the tariff laws of a country, if I may make the and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATES furnished treasury rulings." Two practices of our cus- on application. All communications should be addressed to toms service have been exploited in the New THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. York “Evening Post" during the past month that are interesting in themselves, and more MARCH 1, 1903. Vol. XXXIV. strikingly so when placed in contrast with each other. In general terms, it may be said that these two interpretations of the law illustrate CONTENTS. how tenderly, on the one hand, treasury official- dom deals with a commercial interest of any HERRINGS AND BOOKS 139 sort, and how roughly, on the other, it handles THE RE-COMING OF ANTHONY TROLLOPE. an interest that is mainly related to the intellec- M. F. 141 tual life of the nation. Herrings and books are the respective sub- THE IRON CHANCELLOR AGAIN. Percy F. jects of the two practices that have just been Bicknell 143 brought to light. We have a duty on herrings, MORE MEN OF LETTERS. William Morton Payne 145 as a matter of course, for the protection of the ENGLISH AND TUSCAN GARDENS. Alice Morse New England fisherman, and for the purpose Earle . 147 of preventing American manhood from being cheapened by an opportunity to consume cheap DISCUSSIONS OF THE TRUST. Frank W. food. The New England fisherman can catch Blackmar 149 his herrings and bring them to market without RECENT BOOKS ON MUSIC. Ingram A. Pyle 150 any danger of competition from the Canadian Mason's From Grieg to Brahms. — Goepp's Sym- product. But the canny Gloucester skipper phonies and their Meaning, second series. — Mme. knows a trick worth two of that. Instead of Lehmann's How to Sing. - Miss Reed's Remin- iscences, Musical and Otherwise. - Mrs. Moore's going to the trouble of catching his own her- For Every Music Lover. — Miss Patterson's The rings, he sends his smacks to the Newfound- Story of Oratorio. land shore, buys by the barrel his herrings from the Newfoundlanders who have caught BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS 153 them, and enters his cargo at Gloucester duty Standards and methods of civilization. Paradise. -- Weighty essays by Dr. Jordan, — Jap- free as a product of American industry. The anese curios and cobwebs. — Our gravest national cat recently escaped from the bag when an at- problem. - Life of a noted schoolmaster. – South tempt was made to bring a cargo of this sort Carolina in the Revolution.—Afield with the cam- into the port of Boston. Since the herrings era.- A guide to the study of our common trees.- A calendar of crime. - John Brown of Harper's had obviously been caught by pauper Canadian Ferry. labor, they were required to pay duty. An ap- peal to the treasury resulted in a stern rebuke BRIEFER MENTION 156 to the over-zealous collector, who was directed NOTES 157 to conform to “the custom of the port of Glou- cester," and admit such herrings without duty TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS 158 as the product of American fisheries. LIST OF NEW BOOKS 158 Now for the quite different matter of the . . . Paris as . . . 140 [March 1, THE DIAL - books. An English publisher wrote last No. offered him for about forty per cent of the list vember to Mr. Brett, the president of the Mac- price in place of the sixty per cent or more millan Co., describing an important work that which would be asked for small quantities sold was in preparation, and offering to sell the to the English trade. This would afford a American firm an edition of five hundred copies reasonable profit on the cost of production of at a certain price. The offer was accepted, and the extra edition, because in such a case the the books, with their accompanying invoice, first cost, which must determine the selling reached New York a few weeks ago. Knowing price in England, need not be taken into the something of the suspicion with which our cus- reckoning. It is upon some such terms as toms officials regard all importers — especially these that the publishers of either country have of books, scientific instruments, and works of always been accustomed to place in the other art,— Mr. Brett increased the invoiced valua- special editions of their new publications. If tion of the shipment by fifteen per cent before the recent ruling be upheld, this practice must attempting to pay the twenty-five per cent tax cease because the duties exacted will prove which our enlightened government imposes prohibitive. upon all knowledge that happens to be printed What the public fails to realize unless its in the English language. This seems to have attention is particularly directed to the matter, been an unwise step, for it caused suspicion to is the fact that the price of a book in the darken into conviction of fraudulent intent, country of its publication must be enough to with the result that duties and penalties were cover the cost of the first copy printed as well imposed amounting in all to a sum nearly equal as the cost of the subsequent copies, and also to the actual price of the books. In other words, enough to cover those advertising and other this bit of customs jugglery ended in forcing the expenses without which the book will seek in importer to pay a duty of ninety per cent upon vain for purchasers. Now in the case of an a purchase which the law plainly declares shall American edition of an English book, the task be taxed at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of creating a market falls upon the American Thus is the wisdom of protection justified of her publisher, which is a sufficient reason why he children. should not buy the books (or be taxed upon The official pretext for this extrordinary them) at the price prevailing in the English performance is found in the claim that books market. If he is required to do this, he simply must be taxed upon their market value, and cannot publish the book at all. Concerning that this value is fixed by the selling price in the share of the publisher in promoting the the country of publication. If an invoice is sale of a book, Mr. Brett very justly says: made out for less than two-thirds or there- “If one of our very popular authors were asked as abouts of the retail price so much the worse to why his book found such a multitude of readers, he for the importer. He will be taxed at the would, I fear, in most cases answer that the public higher rate anyway, and made to pay a pen- appreciated the value of the book, admired its many alty besides. It is possible that the law war- merits, and demanded it. If a similar question were put to one who knows from experience the publishing rants such an interpretation, although it is and bookselling trades, he would tell you, and rightly, strange that its meaning should have been just that the publisher was entitled to at least a share discovered. Our present tariff law is such a of the credit for the large sale which the book tissue of indefensible provisions that an irra- attained.” tional feature more or less does not greatly Furthermore, no one who understands the sub- matter. But this interpretation, if sustained, ject will deny the conclusive character of the will make it practically impossible for editions following statement from the same source : of new English books to be sold to American “ In importing a new book I am importing houses. Such editions, as everyone knows who something which has not yet a value at all in has any acquaintance with trade conditions, the ordinary sense of the word, but something are offered at one-half or less of the retail to which a value may be given.” price in the country of origin. This is the It is difficult to discuss a question like this i market value” in such a case, just as the with anything like patience, because the very higher price is the market value in the case of idea of a duty on books is abhorrent to the the single copy sold to an individual purchaser cultivated intelligence, and the practice of im- or the dozen copies taken by a bookseller. We posing such a duty in this country is utterly presume from Mr. Brett's figures that the work indefensible. It is not pleasant for a patriotic which is the subject of his complaint was American to feel that in this matter his country 1903.) 141 THE DIAL masters. 9 deliberately places itself upon a low plane of no longer caviare to all but the chosen few"; 80 civilization, and occupies the position of reject that Barsetsbire may soon be almost as familiar to ing enlightenment and placing obstacles in the the novel-reading public as the year's successor to Ruritania or Drumtochty. path of intellectual progress. When the Con- stitution gave to Congress the power of laying A curious chapter in the history of Victorian fic- tion is the neglect which suddenly overwhelmed the taxes for “the general welfare,” its framers most popular English novelist of the period imme- would have been much amazed had they been diately succeeding that dominated by the two told that this power would in time become so How large was the number of Anthony perverted as to include the taxation of knowl- Trollope's readers the statistics in his autobiography edge. The argument for revenue is too trivial prove, and those of us whose memory goes back to to be considered seriously, for our total annual the old " Franklin Square Library” of the pre-copy- importation of books is valued only at about a right days will recollect. Yet almost immediately million and a half of dollars, of which probably after bis death, in 1881, he was forgotten so com- one-third is duty free. As for the argument for pletely that hardly one in a hundred of the most protection, it is based upon a fallacy so transpar- inveterate novel-readers of the present generation ent that we do not see how it can impose upon but would be puzzled by a reference to Mrs. Proudie or the Duke of Omnium. Popularity, it a person of ordinary intelligence. One book is true, is an inadequate test of an author's claim to does not compete with another in any real sense; permanency. There are a few books that are sell- the man who wants a particular book will not ing their hundreds of thousands to-day, which yet- purchase another book instead because the price to put it mildly — are not likely to find a place on is lower. He will either buy the book he wants the shelves with the classics ; but Trollope lived or go without it, and in either case he will think before the art of book advertising had reached its profane thoughts of a government which sub- present pitch of perfection, and his popularity was jects him to the petty irritation of such a duty. one legitimately earned among discriminating Of all the many interests so unrighteously shel- readers. His sudden decline from favor may be tered by our tariff laws none is so absolutely he outlived himself. Achieving success with “ The partially accounted for by the fact that, as it were, unreal as that which, in the name of protection, Warden" in 1855, he published novels at an amaz- has thus far been successful in enforcing its ingly rapid rate for almost thirty years. At the demand for a tax upon American education last, he fell into the error against which he warned and scholarship. The sheer folly and stupidity other novelists, and wrote, as he has put it, not be- of the thing is so obvious that it does not seem cause he had a story to tell, but because he had to possible that such a practice should long out- tell a story. But since « Anne of Geierstein ” and live the century that gave it birth. “ Count Robert of Paris” have not caused us to forget “ Ivanhoe” and “Waverley,” and since “ Lovel the Widower" has not dimmed the glory of “Vanity Fair,” the writer who gave us “ The THE RE-COMING OF ANTHONY Small House at Allington,” “ Barchester Towers," and “ Phineas Finn" may well be forgiven “ The TROLLOPE. Duke's Children,” “Mr. Scarborough's Family,” A group of worshippers who have been faithful and other late productions of a pen which did not in their devotions at an all-but-deserted literary cease from activity when the brain of its wielder shrine are looking up in pleased surprise to find had lost its freshness. For even when the dozen the neglected altar grown gay with votive lights, or more novels that most readers who were not and men hastening to perform their genuflections Trollope devotees would characterize as “respect- where formerly they passed by unheeding. St. ably dull” are omitted from the list, there remain Anthony seems in a fair way to be given his place among Trollope's works not far from a score of on the beadroll beside St. William, St. Charles, and novels, outclassed, it is true, by the masterpieces of St. George. -- To drop the metaphor,— Anthony | the giants who were his contemporaries, but by them Trollope, who but a few years ago was thought of alone. We have from him nothing in which we by the general reader, in the words of Professor feel the force of inspiration,- indeed, how often Trent, merely as “the man who wrote long novels do we feel that in fiction, except when the Bernstein. to order in a mechanical fashion,” and whom the speaks to Harry Warrington, beneath the Kneller critics were wont to name only to quote the un- portrait of Beatrix, or when the little governess fortunate two-hundred-and-fifty-words-per-quarter- avows her passion to her master and lover? But of-an-hour statement, is fast coming to his own again. even though we admit that Trollope never reached “Once again his name creates a stir of interest," the heights found by two or three other English says Mr. Edward Fuller, writing on “ Real Forces novelists, the writer who described the death of in Literature” in the February “Atlantic," " and Mr. Harding and gave us the scene in the episcopal his singularly vivid and vital characters palace between the curate and the diocesan tyrant 66 66 are 142 [March 1. THE DIAL 1 1 T 1 in petticoats, deserved a better fate than the ob- of his merits that his women are as true to life as livion from which he is only now being rescued. are his men. Most of us will be ready to agree with Sir . The quality which has invariably been recog. Leslie Stephen when he admits that the male novel- nized, by even the least favorable of his critics, and ist is apt to find himself upon uncertain ground when which makes him quite unapproachable on his own dealing with his beroines. Is it the unpardonable ground, is his absolute naturalness. In all his books sin to say that the pencil of even the greatest mas- there is no single touch of exaggeration. Not one ter of Victorian fiction lacked sureness of touch in of his characters talks in a fashion too fine or too drawing women ? Putting Becky apart as hors con- melodramatic for real life; not the divine Jane cours, what have we in Amelia, Helen, Theo. Lam- herself was freer from any taint of the “ big bow- bert, Charlotte, perhaps even Laura toward the last, wow style." To quote Hawthorne's formerly fa- but the descendants of that other Amelia, Fielding's ·miliar praise, his books are “ as real as if some Mrs. Booth, who was the admiration of the later giant had hewn a great lump out of the earth and novelist, and whose portrait shows appreciation of put it under a glass case, with all its inhabitants one most admirable trait of femininity, but no very going about their business, and not suspecting that wide or deep knowledge of the sex? A conviction they were being watched.” The complications of their capacity for immeasurable devotion, and which form the plots are precisely such as occur to us of their utter unreasonableness and inconsistency, · daily, — or rather, such as might have occurred to would perhaps sum up Thackeray's articles of faith us if we had happened to be members of the upper regarding women. Nor was Thackeray himself by midde-class in the England of the sixties. The ef- any means sure that his portraits were faithful; for forts of a clergyman to secure promotion; the in- the frequent allusions to feminine hypocrisy and trigues of the mother of a slender-pursed young powers of dissimulation indicate an uneasy conscious- man to gain her son a wealthy bride, or to prevent ness that he was on terra incognita when his heroines him from losing his heart to a dowerless maiden ; were in question. With Trollope there is nothing the troubles of a vicar who has imprudently got of the kind. He was at no time impressed with into debt, — these are the every-day matters which the need of taking his women with painful serious- Trollope treats of, so that we feel, more than with ness, and we have no laborious studies of tbe subtle any other author, that the distance between that in femininity such as later writers have given us. world which lies between the covers of a book and His heroines are without exception concerned with the one which lies outside of them is very slight. the simple everyday theme of "she would and she And yet it is an injustice to recognize in him, as would not” and its variations, merging at times many have done, merely the merit of accurate por- into the equally simple but less agreeable "she traiture. There is a delicacy in some of his best would but he would not.” And in dealing with work which proves him an artist, not a photo- these affairs of the heart, “ the apostle of the com- grapher. In “The Warden," the character of Mr. monplace,” as some contemptuous critic once dubbed Harding, the gentle and lovable old clergyman Trollope, was preëminently successful. He has whose sense of honor will not permit him to retain given us more and better pictures of the English his living after the suggestion has been made that girl in love than all his fellows together. What the stipend attached to it is unjustly large, is drawn differentiates his galaxy of heroines from the with a marvellously fine touch. Mr. Harding has amiable inanities plentiful enough in the pages of been compared to Colonel Newcome; it is high his contemporaries is the fact that they have brains praise, but the two are kin. In the other volumes as well as heart. Although Trollope wrote in the of the Barsetsbire series, in which the story of Mr. days when Girton and Newnham were not, Lily Harding and his clerical neighbors is continued, we Dale, Lucy Robarts, Mary Thorne, and all the rest have the terrible and wonderful Mrs. Proudie. In of the numerous group, are perfectly sensible as his life of Thackeray, Trollope says that Sir Pitt well as lovable. “ On pouvait les marier toutes," Crawley has always been to him a stretch of au- as Sardou said of his ingénues, for a different rea- dacity which he was unable to understand. The Lily Dale deserves to rank as the chief of picture of the henpecked bishop and his vulgarly his girl heroines, and in the telling of her love-story formidable helpmeet comes to equalling Trollope did some of his best work. She appears Thackeray's daring sketch of his old reprobate of in two books; the second, “ The Last Chronicles of a baronet. There are not many better scenes any. Barset," being perhaps Trollope's masterpiece. She where in fiction than the glorious one in which the was a favorite with his readers, though not with hitherto unconquered Mrs. Proudie meets defeat at him. He tells us that he considered her somewhat the hands of the poverty-stricken curate, Crawley. of a prig; but then we know that Thackeray Trollope noted Thackeray's evident enjoyment in entertained a similar opinion concerning Colonel writing “Barry Lyndon”; the discomfiture of Mrs. Esmond. Her story is simple enough. Her lover Proudie must have been as enjoyable in the writing jilts her that he may make a more advantageous as in the reading. marriage. The deserted maiden is usually an ex- One of Trollope's strongest claims to be ranked cuse for the sentimental in literature; but Trollope among the great novelists of his day has perhaps steers clear of everything of the sort, and there is never been sufficiently considered. It is not the least not much in realistic fiction which shows so strong 9) > SOD. near 1903.) 143 THE DIAL - 9 Mr. and yet so delicate a touch as his treatment of the girl's suffering under the shame of the blow. The New Books. Dorothy Stanbury in “He Knew He was Right” is a slighter, and an intentionally colorless sketch, but THE IRON CHANCELLOR AGAIN,* stands out as worthy our remembrance through her That theme of perennial interest, the per- fine speech to the man whom she does not dare to hope may be her lover,- a speech which condenses sonality of a great man, furnishes Mr. Sidney Whitman with material for a very attractive into a single phrase a good deal of knowledge of affairs feminine. The delightful Madeline Stan- book in his “Personal Reminiscences of Prince hope — Madame Vesey-Neroni — in “ Barchester | Bismarck.” Bismarck.” Although these glimpses of the Towers" is a sketch of another order, by no means Iron Chancellor offer little that is new, one lacking in color; and Amelia Roper, in "The Small gladly welcomes so able a presentation, with House at Allington,” is capital. The under-bred amplification and detail, of the old. young woman of the London boarding-house, with Whitman's acquaintance with Bismarck began her designs upon Johnny Eames, is so life-like that a short time before the latter's retirement from in reading of her one cannot but recall Trollope's office, and we are told that he visited the great account of the episode in his own days of early statesman no fewer than ten times between clerkhood, when the elderly woman with the basket on her arm walked into the room at the Post Office 1891 and 1898, being in fact the only English- and demanded audibly of the recreant she was seek- man now living who enjoyed anything like an ing, “Anthony Trollope, when are you going to intimate acquaintance with him. He seems to marry my daughter?” In the two ~ Phineas " have come completely under the spell of Bis- volumes, the parliamentary novels which are still marck's magnetic personality, and he writes in our best political stories, even though Trollope over- terms of enthusiastic admiration of the man, estimated them in ranking them higher than his warmly defending him against all assault and clerical novels,-- we have the most interesting of disparagement. Again and again his indigna- his women, and the only one whose problem tion speaks out at the shabby treatment ac- Trollope chose to make somewhat complex. Lady corded the unifier of Germany by an ungrate- Laura rejects the love offered ber, choosing, though not wholly selfishly, wealth and position instead; and ful sovereign and that sovereign's retainers. makes shipwreck of her life in consequence. The It is this spirit of championship that gives the skill with which Trollope has shown the strength book a note of fervor and helps to raise it above of the woman's passion for the man she would fain the grade of hack work to which such memora- persuade herself she regards as a friend; her misery bilia too often belong. Incidentally the writer at realizing that his facile love has gone from her, dwells on the imperfect state of unification and that he is entirely content with the position which he sees in the still youthful Empire, as allotted him; the utter abandonment of her grief contrasted with the more settled order of things when he finally passes out of her life,— the combi- nation of power and delicacy in his management of in England, France, and the United States. The socialist peril he holds to be especially this theme, usually left to writers distinctly not virginibus puerisque, is something unique in the threatening there, because of this imperfect fiction of the period when novelists had not yet solidarity and stability, shaken off the timidity inherited from an age so No one can contemplate Bismarck's closing awkwardly squeamish as to necessitate Mrs. Brown- years without admiring the greatness of soul, ing's being “ turned out of the Cornhill' for the imperturbable calm, with which, on the indecency." whole, he accepted his retirement to private The present generation of readers has much to be grateful for in the restoration of Anthony have seemed to him ingratitude and malignity. life and refused to be embittered by what must Trollope. Forty novels, none of them poor and His conversation, as reported to us, is never many admirable, are a treasure-trove indeed. But the gain is for the coming writers as well. After sour, no offensive personalities are indulged in, the various dilutions of Scott and Damas have quite no trace of repining or resentment mars the lived out their hour, the field will again belong dignity of his utterance. Some excerpts from to the novel in its less boisterous aspects. Said his friendly chat with Mr. Whitman will best George Moore, in one of his characteristic criti- serve to illustrate the character of the book. cisms, “ Henry James went abroad and read Tur. Speaking of the routine of court life, he related genieff; Mr. Howells staid at home and read the following: Henry James.” The practice seems to have been pro- “ It was occasionally one of my functions to present ductive of sufficiently good results, and is worth rec- PERSONAL REMINISCENCES OF PRINCE BISMARCK. By ommending. The novelists of to-morrow have much Sidney Whitman. With portraits. New York: D. Appleton to gain by reading Anthony Trollope. M. F. & Co. 6 > 144 (March 1, THE DIAL all sorts of people to the King, and it now and then next to the impossible; he surpassed himself. He beat happened that my head was so full of more important his own record by sending the Berlin Treaty to the matters that the very name of the person I was about Times before the original draft was even signed. What to present lapsed from my memory. When that was Prince Bismarck told me at Varzin confirmed me in my the case I used to put a bold face upon it, and there surmise as to the prominent part played by this prince being no time to inquire after names, I bluntly presented of journalists at the Congress." a man I did not know as Count Solms. You see, there are so many Count Solms that the King could not pos- For this exploit the enterprising journalist sibly know them all by sight. On the other hand, a received from the Prussian government the man whose name might be Müller or Schulze was not second class of the Order of the Crown, an likely to take it very much amiss if he were presented unprecedented distinction. as Count Solms, which, after all, is a good family name. I got out of my difficulty in this manner on more than The recent exchange of Germany's position one occasion, and it never failed." in Zanzibar for the island of Heligoland met Of his old friend Motley he always spoke with Bismarck's strong disapproval. He re- with tenderness. It must be explained, as garded the island as not worth the heavy ex- bearing on what follows, that, by a curious in- pense necessary to put it into a defensible terchange of linguistic courtesies, he talked condition. Its possession by England had pre- in English with Mr. Whitman, who replied in vented its use as a coaling station by any con- German. After some allusion to Motley's tinental power, which explains why in 1870 singularly ideal and lofty character, Bismarck the operations of the French navy were so in- was asked if Motley was not of rather delicate effective, the fleet being obliged to return re- physique; to which he replied : peatedly to a French port to coal. On the “Oh, no, scarcely delicate; but his was a sensitively subject of South Africa, when asked whether nervous organization. A few glasses of wine soon made he had ever said that quarter of the globe him lively, And then he would lean back in his chair might yet be the scene of a life-and-death and, with his hands under his coat behind his back, he struggle for the British Empire, Bismarck would recall his favorite song of the student days we spent together at Göttingen. replied that he did not remember having said "'In good old colony times, so, but he might have thought it. That was When we lived under a king, nearly twelve years ago. Toward Gladstone Three roguish chaps he expressed not the slightest personal dislike, Fell into mishaps Because they could not sing,' etc.” but confined himself to the humorous intima- Presently follows another rollicking bit of tion that his English contemporary was wont English verse, which the Countess Rantzau to quibble with words and had ended by be- joined her father in repeating with great gusto. coming their victim. Mr. Gladstone's feeling The daughter added that her father remem- for Bismarck is thought to have been less free bered many more rhymes which he learned from acrimony. Bismarck felt great admira- from his English and American fellow students tion for Carlyle, who reciprocated the sen- at Göttingen. timent, extolling the German statesman as a The author indulges in a page or more of “monster of industry.” Of Max Müller his curiously strenuous protest against the charge great countryman had a poor opinion, holding that his country, England, is lapsing into the him to be an overrated man. The learned cold-water habit, and he complacently closes scholar's dabbling in politics condemned him in the other's eyes. the argument for the defense by recording that Bismarck smiled approvingly at the patriotic The account of Bismarck's eightietb-birthday fervor with which he attested his country's celebration gives a good idea of his popularity. bibulous propensities ; all of which would do Besides the throngs that paid him homage in very well for bierkneipe oratory, but looks person, nearly half a million letters and more strange in sober print. than ten thousand telegrams came pouring in An item of some interest concerning the upon him. Both the Reichstag, however, and lately deceased Chevalier de Blowitz is worth the Berlin Town Council voted not to send him quoting here. a congratulatory message. Whence they took “I had long harbored an idea that the real hero of their note it is not hard to surmise; but Bis- the Berlin Congress was neither Prince Bismarck nor marck turned the tables very cleverly by the Lord Beaconsfield, but the Chevalier de Blowitz. For neat wording of his answer to the Emperor's whereas Bismarck had only played the uninteresting part of an honest broker” and Lord Beaconsfield had telegram expressing indignation at the Reich- been obliged to rest satisfied with a compromise with stag's conduct. He assured the Kaiser that the Russia, the gifted correspondent of the Times achieved action of his opponents had proved a source of 6 1903.) 145 THE DIAL a A new special gratification to him by calling forth his MORE MEN OF LETTERS.* Majesty's gracious words of sympathy. The academic honors conferred upon the nation's Since the “ English Men of Letters " series hero on this occasion, as well as before and took a new lease of life last summer, the vol- after, must amuse the non- -German reader. He umes have followed one another in rapid suc- was made first a doctor of philosophy by the cession. In addition to the three that we re- University of Halle ; then a doctor of laws by viewed some time ago, no less than four others Göttingen, and later by Erlangen ; next a doc- now call for attention. We will begin with a tor of political science by Tübingen ; Giessen few words about the " Tennyson ” volume, surpassed her academic sisters by conferring which has been prepared by Sir Alfred Lyall. on him the doctorate of theology; and finally It was no easy matter to write appropriately of Jena did herself proud by making him a doctor the great Victorian poet. Originality of treat- beyond all possibility of a doubt, - a doctor of ment could hardly be hoped for, considering medicine. the amount of critical attention that has been The reader will close Mr. Whitman's book, lavished upon Tennyson by other writers, and after some hours in the company of a truly considering also the fact that several other gentle and refined as well as masterful and books of about the same size and scope as the courageous nature, much inclined to hold him present one are already in existence. But Mr. worthy of all the honors he received. Morley's series was bound to include a “Tenny- emphasis has been placed upon those warmly son” just as it is bound some time to include human qualities for which the Iron Chancellor, the “Shakespeare” thus far omitted, and a despite his nickname, must always be an object reading of Sir Alfred's volume shows that the of interest and, to many of his countrymen, of author has performed his task gracefully and affection. The book is unquestionably a valu- with delicate sympathy. In particular, he gives able addition to the already extensive and still due attention to Tennyson's philosophy, as well increasing mass of Bismarckiana. A German as to the dramatic section of his work, so often edition appears simultaneously with the En- imperfectly appreciated, and to the poems of glish, and some features of the author's English his last years, so often underrated. The author style would almost suggest that he had written is slightly hypercritical at times, as when he the work originally in German and then given speaks of the verse, us a translation. However that may be, his “Universal Ocean softly washing all her warless isles," early education in Germany will explain the and calls it “ logically perplexing " to suggest occasional Teutonisms, -as, for instance, “ to that “ the sea would become calm when the hold a speech,” and “ is” for “has been ” to land should be at peace.” English poetry denote a past state continued into the present. It would be much the poorer were all its pathetic would be too harsh to call the writer a linguistic fallacies ruled out of court. Misquotations also orphan, without a mother tongue, because he occur, as “ Home they brought their warrior has grown up speaking several languages; but dead,” and “Many a night I saw the Pleiades," all who are thus reared tend to use language in which latter instance the metre is ruined by as an implement rather than as an organ. A the extra syllable. little less rhetorical confectionery here and Sir Alfred's difficulty was found in the fact there in the volume, and the omission of the that his work had been done by other writers solemn Amen at its close, would have done the so many times before; the difficulty of Mr. book no harm in the eyes of plain people like Frederic Harrison, in preparing the “Ruskin the present reviewer. volume for this series, was found in the fact PERCY F. BICKNELL. that he himself had written and published else- where the greater part of what such a work as A VOLUME on “ Horace Walpole and the Strawberry the present must include. We doubt, however, Hill Press," by Mr. Munson Aldrich Havens, is the first in a series of monographs on “Famous Presses,” pro- * ENGLISH MEN OF LETTERS. Edited by John Morley, jected by Mr. Lewis Buddy of the Kirgate Press. It Alfred Tennyson. By Sir Alfred Lyall, K.C.B.-John is an interesting essay, of a purely descriptive sort, Ruskin. By Frederic Harrison.-Samuel Richardson. By Austin Dobson.-John Greenleaf Whittier. By Thomas illustrated with reproductions of Strawberry Hill title- Wentworth Higginson. New York: The Macmillan Co. pages and excellent portraits of Walpole and his prin- AMERICAN MEN OF LETTERS. Henry Wadsworth Long- ter, Thomas Kirgate. The volume is printed on hand- fellow. By Thomas Wentworth Higginson.-Nathaniel Haw- made paper, in an edition limited to three hundred thorne. By George E. Woodberry. Boston: Houghton, copies. Miffin & Co. a 146 [March 1, THE DIAL 21" 6 > if a better man could have been discovered for unexceptionable. No one knows the literature the task, and are quite willing to overlook Mr. and the life of the eighteenth century better Harrison's inevitable repetitions of himself. than he, no one is more scrupulously accurate He is peculiarly fitted to write about Ruskin in statement, more skilful in the marshalling because, on the one hand, his sympathy is un. of facts, or more pleasing as a writer of biog- failing, and, on the other, he can bring to the raphy mingled with criticism. In the present many subjects which Ruskin discussed a degree case, he has made a dull subject fairly inter- of sound knowledge which enables him to state esting, for the life of Richardson is certainly clearly the many logical defects of the series of material of a rather unpromising sort. The books that extends from “ Modern Painters' critical study of his writings is another matter, to “Præterita." The following sentence is and the study of their place in the historical de- typical of Mr. Harrison's treatment: “Original velopment of the modern novel; but the limits and heterodox as his science was, we come from of the series do not allow much philosophizing, time to time on intuitions of scientific truth, and the author has had to keep himself under which strike us like those we meet in the close restraint. We quote the brief passage poetry of Shakespeare or of Goethe.” What in which he compares the three novels. is said from the standpoint of personal ac- “ That · Clarissa' is Richardson's masterpiece, there quaintance with Ruskin is singularly charming can be no doubt. For Pamela' is but an incondite and felicitous. We quote two passages. production, which really ends in the second of its four volumes, while in "Grandison,' though the manner is “I have talked with Carlyle and Tennyson, with perfected, and the method matured, the movement of Victor Hugo and Mazzini, with Garibaldi and with the story for the most part advances no mo tban Gambetta, with John Bright and with Robert Browning, rocking-horse. But in • Clarissa' the simplicity of the but no one of these ever impressed me more vividly with central idea, the unhasting yet unresting evolution of a sense of intense personality, with the inexplicable light the tragedy, and, above all, the extraordinary ability of genius which seemed to well up spontaneously from exhibited in the portraiture of the two leading person- heart and brain. It remains a psychological puzzle ages, raise it immeasurably above either its forerunner how one who could write with passion and scorn such or its successor." as Carlyle and Byron never reached, who in print was so often Athanasius contra mundum, who opened every For many years, Hawthorne has remained written assertion with • I know,' was in private life one the only American included in the series of of the gentlest, gayest, humblest of men." biographies now under consideration. The Our second quotation is this beautiful account editor and publishers have now, however, let of the evening of Ruskin's life: down the bars, and arranged for the admission of a number of volumes upon American au- “So, eleven years later, but a year or so before his death, I found him in his quiet Brantwood home, – to thors, entrusting their preparation to American look at just like Lear in the last scene, but perfectly hands. The first of these new American vol- reposeful, gentle, and happy, taking the air of the fells umes is devoted to Whittier, and is written by with delight, joining in games or reading with the family Colonel Thomas Wentworth Higginson. The at intervals, but for the most part sitting in his library and softly turning over the pages of a poem, a tale of author has the advantage of having known Walter Scott or Dickens, or some illustrated volume Whittier well for many years, of having him- of views, himself in a bow of roses and gay flowers; self lived in the locality with which the poet is silently and for long intervals together gazing with a chiefly identified, and of having been a fellow- far-off look of yearning, but no longer of eagerness, at worker with him in the abolitionist movement the blue hills of the Coniston Old Man, across the rip- pling lake, as if — half child again, half wayworn pil- and in other philanthropic causes. He makes grim he saw there the Delectable Mountains where extensive use of Mr. Pickard's biography, and the wicked cease from troubling and the weary are at supplements the facts thus credited by means rest." of lengthy extracts from “Snowbound” and Mr. Harrison, as we all know, has the amiable other poems of a distinctly autobiographical weakness of preaching Comtism and the relig- character. Extracts from Whittier's writings ion of humanity both in and out of season, in prose and verse make up a large part of and the reader of this volume must be pre- the volume. Our chief criticism of the work pared to learn that Ruskin was an unconscious must be that the poet is rather obscured by Comtist all the while; on the whole, we are the reformer; we do not get from it anything rather inclined to thank the author for not hav. like an adequate discussion of Whittier's ing labored this point as much as was to be poetry. expected. To a certain extent this criticism also holds The choice of Mr. Austin Dobson for the of the account of Longfellow which Colonel volume devoted to Samuel Richardson is quite | Higginson has just published in the series of > 1903.) 147 THE DIAL “ American Men of Letters,” and illustrates pregnant with thought. We must quote a part the disadvantage of knowing one's subject too of what he says about Hawthorne's two books well. In both cases, personal matters seem to of Greek legend. have so crowded upon the author's interest “ A multitude of children have loved these books, as to restrict the space that might fairly have for whom their very names are a part of the golden haze been claimed for the consideration of literary of memory; and, in view of the association of Haw- achievement. But the books of the American thorne's genius and temperament with quite other themes and the darker element in grown lives, this are larger than those of the English series, so band of children makes a kind of halo round his figure. that there is less cause for complaint on the Whether the thing done should have been so done, score of inadequacy. Here, as in the previous whether Greek should have been turned into Gothic, instance, the author has relied largely upon the is a foolish matter. To please a child is warrant enough for any work; and here romantic fancy plays around standard biography of the poet, but he has also the beautiful forms and noble suggestion of old heroic had other sources of information, hitherto not and divine life, and marries them to the hillside and much exploited. These are specified as the fireside of New England childhood with the naturalness. correspondence of the first Mrs. Longfellow, planted into the minds of the little ones with whose of a fairy enchantment; these tales are truly trans- certain manuscript volumes known as the youngest tendrils of imagination they are intertwined. “ Harvard College Papers,” and a collection If to wake and feed the imagination and charm of the poet's own early writings not included it, and fill the budding mind with the true springtime in the standard editions. There is also, as a of the soul's life in beautiful images, noble thoughts, matter of course, the contribution of personal and brooding moods that have in them the infinite sug- gestion, be success for a writer who would minister to acquaintance, although the author's association the childish heart, few books can be thought to equal with Longfellow was less intimate than with these; and the secret of it lies in the wandering sense Whittier. A few sentences from the conclud- which Hawthorne had of the mystical in childhood, of ing paragraph of this book are worth quoting. that element of purity in being which is felt also in his reverence for womanhood, and which whether in child “ It will perhaps be found, as time goes on, that the or woman, was typical of the purity of the soul itself - greatest service rendered by Longfellow — beyond all in a word, the spiritual sense of life.” personal awakening or stimulus exerted on his readers was that of being the first conspicuous representa- Such a passage as this illustrates, better than tive, in an eminently practical and hard-working com- any descriptive comment, the gifts of sympathy munity, of the literary life. One of a circle of superior and of literary art that the author has brought men, he was the only one who stood for that life purely and supremely, and thus indicated its national impor- to this study of the greatest of American writers, tance. . . . Considered merely as an antidote to mate- imaginative prose. rialism, such a life was of incalculable value. Looking WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. at him, the reign of the purely materialistic, however much aided by organizing genius, was plainly self- limited; the modest career of Longfellow outsbone it in the world's arena. Should that reign benceforth grow ENGLISH AND TUSCAN GARDENS.* never so potent, the best offset to its most arrogant claims will be found, for years to come, in the memory Those garden-lovers who lived happy days of his name." in the pages of Miss Jekyll's “ Wood and Professor Woodberry’s life of Poe, contrib- Garden” and “Home and Garden,” and who uted many years ago to the series of " Amer. found her “Lilies for English Gardens ” so “ ican Men of Letters,” bears the distinction of satisfying in its kind, will turn eagerly to her being the best of the dozen or more volumes book on “Roses for English Gardens" with published before the present resuscitation of equal anticipation of pleasure and profit. But the enterprise. Its only fault was a slight defect the book is disappointing ; a rose-lover says of sympathy, and this was more than counter- that all books on roses are disappointing, for balanced by its painstaking thoroughness and they cannot approach the charm of the rose its admirable critical insight. Against Profes- itself. The illustrations of this book are two sor Woodberry’s “ Hawthorne,” now published, hundred in number, and form a fine study of no charge of defective sympathy is fairly to be photography as well as of roses. The single laid, while the positive excellences are as con- large blooms of roses of whatever color are spicuous as in the earlier work. There is pos- wonderfully good ; but when the entire rose- sibly a little too much of strictly bibliographical bush is given, be it in form a standard, a detail, such as the tracing of the many short * Roses FOR ENGLISH GARDENS. By Gertrude Jekyll stories through their successive forms of publi. and Edward Mawley. Illustrated. New York: Imported by Charles Scribner's Sons. cation, but this is not a serious matter. The IN A TUSCAN GARDEN. Illustrated. New York: John. author's style is always grave, well-poised, and Lane. a " > a 148 [March 1, THE DIAL one. > natural bush, or a climber, there is much monot- Queen of the Prairie, Gem of the Prairie, and ony of effect. The old garden roses, such as the the single pink Michigan itself, roses that have Scotch roses, brier roses, the Madame Plantier, the Madame Plantier, all the vigor, stanchness, and freshness of the an old favorite, the damask rose, the Ayrshire new world, of the prairie. roses, with the oldest rose of all, Rosa Alba, While the platitudes of gardening have form beautiful pictures. But when another filled many of our recent garden-books and flower is added, as in the lovely picture of received ill-merited praise, it is regrettable White Lilies and Damask Roses, or of Roses that so deserving a work as “In a Tuscan and Larkspur, the artistic effect is wonderfully Garden" should have received so little atten. increased. The most interesting plates are The book is a charming one, — well those showing the roses trained upon old barns, written, one of the best of the year upon what- , tree stumps, and waste and barren spots, turn. ever subject; full of interest, and of informa- ing them into things of beauty. Miss Jekyll tion on many topics besides gardening and has a genius for that sort of thing, and her flowers. It gives absolutely the best and most chapter upon “ Roses for Converting Ugliness practical advice I have ever seen printed with into Beauty” is an agreeable and valuable regard to the relations between Italian land- Mr. Mawley's share of the book can lords and their tenants, especially English well be conveyed by giving his chapter head- tenants; and this from an experience of twenty ings : “ Planting Roses,” “Pruning Roses," years. The book would hence be invaluable “ Propagating Roses," “ Enemies of the Rose,” · to anyone intending an Italian residence in a “ " Exhibiting Roses,” “Roses under Glass, ” rented villa. The snags and snares of domestic “Some Lists of the Best Roses for Various service, of housekeeping, of household arrange- Uses." Prosaic titles these are, and of neces- ments, are set forth in so concise and direct sity treated with simplicity and plainness of a fashion, with such good advice added, that speech, but treated with dignity, and, to the we are well equipped for action, and are in- rose-grower, with interest. The list of Garden structed while we are amused. One chapter, Roses for various places and times is, of course, on “ Tuscan Courts of Justice,” is so informed of little value to the American rose-grower. with experience, so founded upon accuracy, so The dates are absolutely useless, and in many tempered with good sense, as to be of value cases the roses named will not live at all in our far beyond the words of any ordinary legal Northern States. Of course this also holds adviser. But the book is not all useful infor- true of Miss Jekyll’s lists; and for the Amer- mation. In the chapter upon the treatment of ican rose.grower her book is no way as useful animals in Italy, and the view taken of it by as Mr. Ellwanger's standard work on “The the Church, we welcome as friends the author's Rose.” own pets, Jack the Persian cat, Rosina the Miss Jekyll's pleasant and profitable advice parrot, and the glorious macaws, Madame as to rose pergolas, rose arches, rose pillars, Blue and her husband Alfredo, who, after ten rose screens, etc., is of course most grateful to years of affectionate ornithological matrimony read and useful to heed. So also is her chapter of which he was the masculine part, actually on Rose-Gardens - vexėd question! She is laid an egg. This chapter is of the highest — impatient, as are many, of the usual rose- grade of humor, and of sincere pathos, too. garden, — a sort of target of concentric rings As the print is very close and page margins , or other regular form, set upon turf, with little narrow, the 415 pages of the book afford us connected design with the remainder of the many words upon an infinite variety of sub- garden; yet she gives little definite instruc-jects. The finding, planting, and development tion, save to have ever a background of ever- of the garden is as satisfying from the point green trees of some kind for the roses to run of sentiment as is the practical detailed advice upon, as cypress, yew, and holly. As neither upon gardens, upon the Mezzaria system of of these three thrives with us, or indeed will employment, the regard and study of climate, hardly grow at all in many localities, this etc.; but the garden part does not predominate, chapter also is of little value to Americans. and it seems to be rather the book of a flower- Many of the roses of these English gardens lover, an out-of-door decorator and colorist, will not grow here; but we in turn have roses rather than of a practical gardener. The which are not even named in this book, - book has eight illustrations, of which three are among them all the hearty sturdy roses of the of the garden, and are frankly commonplace ; Michigan sisterhood, the Baltimore Belle, , one is amusingly ugly. I believe the photo- . > 1903.) 149 THE DIAL а graphs of all small Italian gardens are ugly, last year by the Library of Congress (edited and even those glorious gardens of the great by Mr. A. P.C. Griffin) contained something villas and palaces, so noble, so fascinating in over 450 titles, nearly all of works that ap- reality, seldom show their best, or even at all peared within the last fifteen years. Much of well, in photographs. The camera loses their this matter is superficial or fragmentary, but as sentiment, their magic and mystery ; they look a whole it fairly represents the subject. Since dingy, flowerless, and sodden. this bibliography was published, the contribu- ALICE MORSE EARLE. tions to the discussion have continued to in- crease. There is to be noted a decided improve- ment in their tone and quality, which is a hopeful a sign that we shall some day know more defi- DISCUSSIONS OF THE TRUST. * nitely what may be and what may not be done, At the present writing, there is a lull in the and arrive at a proper solution of the problem. agitation of the Trust problem, although it still Pending legislation is suggestive of a marked advance in rational thought on the subject, continues to occupy an important place in the public mind, and probably will continue to do brought about in part by the report of the In- dustrial Commission and the investigation now so until remedial legislation takes place, or it is demonstrated that such legislation is unwise being conducted by the commission on the Anthracite Coal-strike. or impossible. While nothing new has been recently added in the way of legislative control, It seems to be generally conceded that com- bination cannot be prevented ; that the Trust much gain has been made in public sentiment through the realization that former legislation appears most frequently in the form of a great which sought in effect the destruction of the corporation ; that it has its advantages as well Trust and the prevention of combination was as its evils, and that legislation should seek to not only inadequate but futile and ill-advised. suppress its evils and enlarge and distribute its There is a better understanding of the Trust benefits. In order to do this, legislation should by legislators and by the public, which brings the tariff wherein it favors Trusts (wherever prevent the secret rebate on railroads, modify a sober second-thought that there are benefits in combination which may be turned to public pendent producer), remove the clubs ” with this can be done without crushing the inde- service by proper legislative control. More pendent producer), remove the clubs which the combine seeks to destroy the in- over, the economic principles involved in the question are coming to the front, and it is be- dependent operator, remodel the corporation coming clearly understood that it is not merely giants, and insist on publicity of all corpora- laws which were made for pygmies and not for the arbitrary ruling of a few men that must be tions for the protection of investors, producers, considered, but the vital existence of the pres- ent economic system. While the question is and operators. While the question is . The two volumes referred to in this review are better understood, the difficulties of the prob- both valuable contributions to the literature of lem have increased and have changed agitation the Trust, but of widely different nature. So into thoughtfulness and radicals to conserva- tives. far as publicity and enlightenment go, they add much to the fund of information, although The voluminous writings on this subject that the opinions expressed by the authors are not have appeared in the form of books, magazine always conclusive. The book of Mr. Bolen, articles, and newspaper comment, bave been a “ Plain Facts as to Trusts and the Tariff,” is source of publicity and enlightenment. While it is nearly all recent, this literature is already the salient points relating to the Trust, and to valuable as presenting in small compass all of mostly obsolete, because much of it was writ- the Tariff also so far as this relates to the for- ten without a full diagnosis of the case, and because of the constant shifting of the question As its title suggests, the work abounds in facts rather than in philosophy, although the it bas developed. The bibliography sent out author does not hesitate to express his opinion * PLAIN FACTS AS TO TrusTS AND THE TARIFF. With dogmatically and with force when occasion Chapters on the Railroad Problem and Municipal Monopolies. By George L. Bolen. New York: The Macmillan Co. presents. After a rather brief review of the THE TRUST: Its Book. Being a Presentation of the Sev- Origin and Purpose ” of the Trust, the au- eral Aspects of the Latest Form of Industrial Evolution. thor gives a fair presentation of its "Possibility By Charles R. Flint, James J. Hill, James H. Bridge, S.C.T. Dodd, and Francis R. Thurber; edited by James H. Bridge. for Good and Evil.” Subsequently he discusses New York: Doubleday, Page & Co. Monopoly in several chapters of different titles, a bile | mer. 150 [March 1, THE DIAL TO 长​, T2 21 > آة a Charles Flint, on to Combinations and Critics. Tschaikowsky, and Brahms are ia unique study the most important being the one on “Remedies RECENT BOOKS ON MUSIC. * for the Evils of Trust Monopolies.” “The Railroad Problem” receives a fair share of “Grieg is never large or heroic; he never wears the buskin. He has neither the depth of passion nor the attention. The second part of the book is intellectual grasp needed to make music in the grand devoted to the Tariff. After presenting the After presenting the style. Probably of all his peculiarities the most sig- . usual arguments for and against it, the author nificant is the shortness of his phrases and his manner points out conclusively the need of its reform. of repeating them almost literally, displaced a little in Copious notes are used throughout the work, pitch, but not otherwise altered. Almost all his music can be cut up into segments two or four measures long, which are chiefly filled with statistics. It is a each segment complete in itself, an entire musical thoroughly useful and interesting book, largely thought.” because it places fact above philosophy, and of. The foregoing paragraph, relative to the music fers no panacea for ills inherent in the system. of Edvard Grieg, gives one a clear idea of Entirely different in style and purpose is the analytical ability shown by Mr. Daniel “ The Trust: Its Book," written — appro- Gregory Mason in the studious work entitled | priately — by a “syndicate” for the purpose “ From Grieg to Brahms.” In a prefatory of showing the necessity and advantage of the note, the author seeks to show that all music, Trust. Usually such books are not as satis- no matter what its complexity on the technical factory as those written by a single author, side, is in essence an expression of personal although in this instance each writer under feeling; and as the qualities of a man's person- stands his subject well and presents it ener- ality show themselves not only in his works, getically from his own standpoint. The book but in his acts, his words, his face, and his emphasizes the importance of the Trust as an es- carriage even, it has seemed natural and fruit- sential part of our industrial system, and shows ful, in these studies, to seek acquaintance with its advantage as a productive agent. It shows, the musicians through acquaintance with the too, how the Trust reaches its roots deep down men. Therefore his essays on the art and ser- into our economic life. The chapters by Mr. vices of Grieg, Dvorak, Saint-Saëns, Franck, , of of the ar- Trust, an Alliance of Work, Brains, and tists treated. “ If we would understand the in. Money,” and “What Combination has done dividual composers, we must have a sense of the for Labor and Capital,” are remarkable in scheme into which they fall, the great universal defining the nature of the service rendered by evolution of which they are but incidents.” Ar. the Trust. Other chapters in the book sup- ranging them in the order of their influence port this central idea, and picture the Trust on art, which depends upon their power both as an essential product of our individualistic to assimilate previous resources and to add system of politics and economics. new ones, he passes “ from Grieg to Brahms." After reading both these books, one cannot To give an idea of the principles worked out fail to believe that it is not capital that people in this general plan of analysis, the author fear, for that is essential; not centralization, sketches in an introductory essay the musical for that is inevitable; pot monopoly, for that environment, as determined by basic principles may be turned to serve the public; but it is and developed in history, in relation to which the evils of the Trust monopoly, the dangers alone the individual discussed can be under- of selfish greed, the exploitation of humanity stood. When he tells us that Grieg has the for gain, political corruption through corporate quick and ardent temperament of Keats and cupidity, and the suppression of independent * FROM GRIEG TO BRAHMS. Studies of Some Modern endeavor, that represent the real evils of the Composers and their Art. By Daniel Gregory Mason. Illus- Trust as they exist to-day. trated. New York: The Outlook Co. FRANK W. BLACKMAR. SYMPHONIES AND THEIR MEANING. Second Series. By Philip H. epp. Philadelphia : J. B. Lippincott Co. How to Sing. By Lilli Lehmann. Translated from the German by Richard Aldrich. Illustrated. New York: The The one hundredth anniversary of the birth of Ralph Macmillan Co. Waldo Emerson, which occurs next May, will be sig- REMINISCENCES — MUSICAL AND OTHERWISE. By Fanny nalized by the appearance of the initial volumes in Reed. Illustrated. Boston: Knight & Millet. a complete and definitive “Centenary” edition of his For Every Music LOVER. By Mrs. Aubertine Wood- works, from the press of Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & ward Moore (" Auber Forestier.") Illustrated. New York: Co., Emerson's authorized publishers. The most inter- Dodge Publishing Company. esting feature of the edition will be the inclusion of one THE STORY OF ORATORIO. By Annie W. Patterson, or two volumes of hitherto unpublished material. Illustrated. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. > : 1903.] 151 THE DIAL > 66 Stevenson ; shows us that Saint-Saëns's ver- composers characteristic selections illustrative satility and energy are the salient traits of of the explanations given. None of the treatises his typically Gallic nature; that passing from on this particular branch of musical æsthetics Saint-Saëns to Cesar Franck is like closing a now extant add much to the understanding of volume of Taine and taking up Maeterlinck; the subject, and the reason is that the writers shows that the nationality of Tschaikowsky's have hitherto begun at the wrong end, whereas music proves a priori that, however tinged it the present writer, by a judicious selection of may be with personal melancholy, it is not ulti- art forms and rare analytical ability, has given mately pessimistical or destructive in effect - us a comprehensive book of special value to all that he was not simply a neurasthenic Jeremiah who look upon music as worthy of deep and with a faculty for orchestration; and that serious thought. Every bit of music has a Brahms has Homeric simplicity and excels all home where it begins and where it ends, every his contemporaries in soundness and univer- melodic figure has its own nook and niche, and sality, — when Mr. Mason makes these things every idea of whatever symbolic guise has its clear to us, we realize at once that he is master own tonal vine and fig-tree.” Whether de- of his subject. A closing essay on the meaning scribing the bounds of tonal art in the “ Pas- of music seeks to suggest that still larger en. toral ” of Beethoven, or that literal story of an vironment of human feeling and activity on artist's woes, Berlioz’s “Fantastic Symphony,” which music, like everything else, depends for or Richard Strauss' Ein Heldenleben, the au- its vitality. The illustrations consist of por- thor holds his subject well in hand. He has traits of the composers mentioned. produced a concise yet comprehensive history Mr. Philip H. Goepp's second volume on of a subject deeply interesting to musicians, if “Symphonies and their Meaning" completes not to the general public. the whole survey of classic symphonies. The The average young American woman who first volume aimed to unravel the mystery of dreams of cultivating her voice by taking a few symphonies,—"to see what tonal meaning really lessons a week for a term or two at a music- means, and, quite as clearly, what it does not school might well heed the account given by mean.” The present work seeks to test the Bontempi of the training given to pupils at the bidden truths in other classic symphonies that papal chapel about the middle of the seven- varied in their plan and quality, and finally to teenth century. One hour a day was devoted to survey the entire field of the great tonal works the singing of difficult passages, a second to the of art. practice of the thrill, a third to pure intona- “There is real truth in the symbolism of the moral tion,- all in the presence of the teacher, and strife of individual, of debate and dispute, drawing truth with the help of a mirror, to avoid grimaces and from the dregs, rising to final enlightenment. Every observe the motion of the tongue and mouth. phase of life is here idealized. Again, the symbol has Besides these, several hours were devoted to the real truth. Beauty, strength, each have their figures. The moral, not the external, life of man finds in music study of expression, several more to practice its full play and mirror. The true essence of life is in on the piano, composition, and the theory of its emotions, and they play in tones as do fish in the music; and frequent opportunity was given to waters. The highest problems are ethical, emotional, sing in church, while the Monte Mario was. of experience; science is but a lesser helpmeet. In music their utterance is so real that they seem to be them- visited in order that the pupils might bear the selves in the life of the tonal stream. Given the type echo of their voices and thereby study their of pleading, of defiance, of plaint, of prayerful trust, of own faults. In a monograph entitled “ How triumphant joy,- given all these, together with the full to Sing” Madame Lilli Lehmann indicates play of dispute and strife, and you have all the re- the difficulties which result from the hurried sources, unconscious and therefore the more genuine and convincing, for the utterance of man's most vital cultivation of the voice. She points out that thought. So you have in the Fifth Symphony actually in former times eight years were devoted to as stirring a refrain of the same high truth as in the the study of singing,— at the Prague Conser- book of Job.” vatory, for instance,— before a pupil became These two volumes by Mr. Goepp are to be proficient. To-day artists are turned out in numbered among the classic works on music. factories," that is, in so-called conservatories, Mozart, Beethoven, Schumann, Mendelssohn, or by teachers who give lessons ten or twelve Brahms, and others, are here treated more hours a day. “ In two years they receive a cer- lengthily than in any previous work. The au- tificate of competence, or at least the diploma thor has, with good discrimination and evidence of the factory. The latter I consider a crime of wide experience, chosen from the works of that the state should prohibit.” She adds that a a 6 152 [March 1, THE DIAL . > 66 not until artists reach the point where they can The reproductions of autographed photographs take council with each other about their mis- make attractive illustrations. takes and deficiencies, and discuss the means “The nineteenth century was the period of achieve- for overcoming them, will bad singing and in- ment; there is every reason to believe that the artistic effort be checked and the art of singing twentieth century will be the period of still nobler ac- come into its rights" again. The author has “ ” chievement. ... During the era we are entering no unworthy teacher will be permitted to trifle with the been on the stage since her eighteenth year,- unfolding musical instincts of childhood. The study of that is, for thirty-four years, - appearing as a music will take an honored place in the curriculum of star in Germany, Austria, Hungary, France, every school, academy, college, and university, as an England, and Sweden. For many years she has essential factor in culture." been devoting herself to the important questions Such is the prefatory note to a series of_prac- relating to singing; and in the work before us tical essays on music, entitled “ For Every she has given us the result of her researches. Music Lover," by Mrs. Aubertine Woodward “ It has been my endeavor to set down as clearly Moore (" Auber Forestier"). The author is a as possible all that I have learned through zealous, scholarly pianist, and a practitioner as well as conscientious study by myself and with others, and a theorist. She is well known as a pioneer in thereby to offer to my colleagues something that will the field of illustrated talks on music, and these bring order into the chaos of their methods of singing; something based on science as well as on sensations in essays, which have not previously appeared in singing; something that will bring expressions often print, are composed, to a large extent, of ma- misunderstood into clear relation with the exact func- terials used by the author in her public and tions of the vocal organs.” private lectures on the history and theory of The various chapters in her work are devoted music. An idea of the scope of her work may to such subjects as the singer's physiological be gleaned from the title chapters : - The studies, nasal singing, position of the tongue, Origin and Function of Music,” “Blunders in the sensation of the resonance of the head cavi- Music Study," "The Musical Education that ties, development and equalization, the tremolo, Educates,” « How to Interpret Music,” “ How and practical exercises. Numerous plates to Listen to Music,' to Listen to Music," "The Poetry and Lead- are interspersed throughout the work, andership of Chopin, ership of Chopin,” “ Violins and Violinists — " are so drawn as to be of sufficient aid to vocal Fact and Fable,” “Queens of Song,” “ The aspirants as to make her treatise a suitable text Opera and its Reformers, Opera and its Reformers," "Famous Orato- 6. for the use of conservatories and teachers. rios,” and “Symphony and Symphonic Poem.” “Reminiscences - Musical and Otherwise,” The knowledge of technique and mature judg- by Miss Fanny Reed, is devoted chiefly to recol- ment displayed in the volume promises to bring lections of celebrities with whom the author has to it the success enjoyed by the author's pre- been intimately acquainted, including Liszt, vious work published two years ago, which Paul Deschanel, Madeline Lemaire, Coquelin, tended to show how music may gain its rightful Massenet, and Paderewski. As she says, her place as a beneficent influence in daily life. 6 stream of chance" seems to have flowed in an Needless to say, Mrs. Moore is eminently fitted unusual course, and, carrying her beyond the to treat her subject with authority. prosaic existence of many New England girls, In a prefatory note to “ The Story of Ora- brought her into the delightful salons of the torio” Miss Annie W.Patterson points out that Old World, whose presiding spirits are beacon- if the average “musical man is asked what lights in music, literature, and art. When we an oratorio is, he will reply: “Oh, the Messiah consider Miss Reed's ability, we cannot help is an oratorio. It is a great work, you know - adding that these sketches are a trifle too lau- for chorus, band, and big singers—and we hear datory. True, she has sketched her subjects it at least once a year- generally about Christ- a as she has known them ; but we miss that mas time”; and the definition ends. Of all intersprinkling of criticism which serves to illu- musical forms, the oratorio has the distinction minate any record of events and give it pro- of being the noblest and most ennobling. Miss portion. Is it not frequently the case that in Patterson has endeavored to write a connected books such as this, when handled by able critics, narrative touching upon all the phases in the it is too often laid down as a general prin- history of this particular form of musical art,- ciple that the legitimate use of comparisons from its first dawn in the music of religious stops at illustration and characterization? It is devotion to its climax in the masterpieces of as a racy, gossipy book for the general reader Handel and Mendelssohn,- yet free from dry that Miss Reed's work will be appreciated. statistics, unnecessary detail, and parenthetical 1903.) 153 THE DIAL 66 - of > information. The number of works classed un. in the arts of peace have come from the strong, bold nations der the heading of oratorio is very mislead- of the earth, Art, literature, philosophy, invention, in Greece and Rome, in Venice and Holland, all reached their zenith ing - Schumann's profane oratorio, “Paradise when those countries were at the height of their military and and the Peri,” is pointed out as an unique ex- political power, and sank as that power decayed." ample; therefore, only those works the texts of Mr. Lodge does not mention the fact, but it would which were drawn from biblical narrative or be doubtful whether such “strong, bold nations” as episode are included in the present treatise. the Tartars and Turks, the Spaniards, or even the The " Messiah," “Creation,” and “Redemp- earlier Scythians and Gauls, can be set in success- tion" are not included in the same category as ful contrast with the ideals of civilization emerging such famous masses as the “ • Lobgesang from Palestine and Ceylon when neither of those countries could by any trick of speech be exalted Mendelssohn and the “ Deutsches Requiem into “strong, bold nations” in Mr. Lodge's sense of Brabms. Miss Patterson's style of narration, of the words. Nor does he seem to be in accord while not brilliant, is clear and forcible. Her with the teachings of evolution in regard to the most conspicuous fault is, perhaps, a too favor- higher value of intellect and morality as distin- able estimate of mediocrity. The last two chap-guished from his approved “savage virtues "; and ters in the book are addressed especially to he certainly does not make the point that decadence professional musical students. It is worthy of follows upon the attainment of “military and polit- note that the work contains a complete and ac- ical power" of necessity, while national righteous- curate appendix and index. ness has been a conservator of national energy, and has enabled the effort wasted in war to manifest INGRAM A. PYLE. itself in peace. One wonders, also, how he can reconcile the Anglo-Saxon supremacy which he holds in such high estimation with the lower position taken by nations that have turned themselves into BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS. armed camps. The rest of the book is given up to Standards and The junior senator from Massa- extolling the great Federalists of the earlier days methods of chusetts, Mr. Henry Cabot Lodge, of the republic, John Marshall, Oliver Ellsworth, civilization. has the faculty of provoking dissent, and Daniel Webster; to addresses upon three gov- his views on practically all political topics being ernors of Massachusetts, Greenhalge, Robinson, held with an uncompromising vigor and consistency. and Wolcott; to an inquiry into the treaty-making As an open advocate of the once forgotten tenets powers of the Senate; to some rather scratchy im- enunciated by Alexander Hamilton, is one of pressions of Russia; and to the speech made at the the foremost promulgators in the public life of unveiling of the statue of Rochambeau in Washing- America to-day of doctrines and tendencies holding ton last May. There is scholarship and vigor in with the practical politicians of the Old World these essays and addresses, but there is little rather than with the theorists and idealists of the Christianity, so far as ideals are concerned. New. He is therefore held to stand with the con- servative side of our national life, though his teach- There is but one Paris. It is ings are in most respects radical in the extreme Paris as neither a seaport nor a centre of when contrasted with the principles on which our commerce. Its location has always government was founded. But he is always provo- been far enough inland to allow it to develop its cative of thought, and in nothing he has written own resources and characteristics unimpeded by the more than in "A Fighting Frigate, and Other forces that inevitably encroach on the individuality Essays and Addresses” (Scribner), containing in a of seaport cities. No one can understand or prop- single volume the work already given to the publicerly estimate such a unique metropolis who has not in the form of magazine articles or public speeches lived with it through several seasons. Mr. Henry on formal occasions, written or delivered within the Haynie's two volumes on “ Paris, Past and Present" last five years. Necessarily the subjects are all (Stokes) are the result of long and intimate ac- congenial ones, and contain a practical exposition quaintance with Paris and the Parisian. Twenty of Mr. Lodge's political and ethical philosophy. In years of sojourning within her fortifications gave the address from which the book borrows its name, him more than he could find in books and libraries. given at the celebration of the return of the old With evident enthusiasm for his task, and a desire “Constitution” to the navy yard at Charlestown in to pack as much information as possible between 1897, may be read this characteristic statement, for the lids of these volumes, he has gone into the his- example: tory of the city from the time the Romans en- "The virtues termed 'savage' I take to be the early and camped on the “ Ile de la Cite” down to the pres- primary ones of courage, indifference to danger, and loyalty ent. Naturally, there had to be severe condensation to the tribes or clans which, in the processes of time, became nations and countries. ... The gentler virtues, as well as in every part; and this fact makes the reading of the refinements and graces of civilization, rest upon these those chapters that deal with the city's history very simpler qualities ; and the highest achievements of the race fragmentary and unsatisfactory. But this deficiency Paradise. 154 [March 1, THE DIAL > seen and cobwebs. is relieved as soon as the author sets about describing century. - Another little book by Dr. Jordan, pub- the great institutions of to-day. Each of these is lished by Messrs. Elder & Shepard, is called “ The traced in its historical connections, and in its pres- Philosophy of Despair.” Taking FitzGerald's Omar ent position in political, religious, or educational for his text, the author proceeds to “indicate some Paris. It is apparent from the start that we are to part of the answer of Science to the Philosophy of have a roseate picture painted by an adorer of the Despair.” But he is no optimist of the shallow sort, French capital. While recognizing that there are and does not blink the very real problem, or seek in it things to be censured, the author's admirable to glaze it over by comforting platitudes. He takes method of sketching and coloring very greatly min- what we believe to be the only possible stand imizes that fact. He describes with ample detail, and against philosophical pessimism when he deals with in plain and lucid language, public buildings, parks, it as a matter of temperament rather than of logic, monuments, educational institutions, the govern- and insists that healthful activity is in itself happi- ment, and even the sewer system. His admiration ness, and not a process whereby happiness is to be for the city, and his inability to render a harsh judg. attained in some future time. “Such an expression ment, may be in the following statement: “In as worth living' has in fact no real meaning. To all things and in everything, Paris is most beautiful, act and to love are the twin functions of the human most lovely, most adorable, most intelligent. ... In body and soul. To live effectively implies the belief all that relates to intellectual, industrial, and social that life is worth living, and no one who leads a life, the preëminence of Paris is incontestible, and worthy life has ever for a moment doubted this.” uncontested” (vol. II., p. 236). The author's pains. This last sentence may possibly make too sweeping taking description of the most notable institutions of a claim, but we have much sympathy for the gen- the city is beautifully supplemented by twenty-four eral tenor of Dr. Jordan's thought, and believe that photogravures and thirty-two half-tones in the text. his little book is of the most helpful kind - espe- One or two good maps would add to the interest and eially to young men and women who are passing value of the book. through the early stages of the inevitable disillu- sionment that comes somewhere between childhood “ The Blood of the Nation," by and maturity. Weighly essays President David Starr Jordan, is a by Dr. Jordan. small book published by the Amer. The curious and filmy character of ican Unitarian Association. Small it is, but weighty, Japanese curios Mr. Lafcadio Hearn's new book for its contents form one of the most impressive ser- called “Kotto” (Macmillan) ac- mons ever preached against militarism. Dr. Jordan cords well with its more descriptive sub-title, writes of the wickedness of warfare from the “Japanese Curios and Cobwebs,” and with the ap- standpoint of the Christian moralist, it is true, but propriate and artistic illustrations by Genjiro Eto. his argument does not waste itself in the usual The first nine tales, “ only curios,” are selections abstractions, for it is reinforced by the message from several old Japanese books, “ to illustrate of science, for which the author is an accredited some strange beliefs,” the chief of which seems to spokesman, " The blood of a nation determines its be transmigration of souls. A very interesting chap. history” and “The history of a nation determines ter is the one entitled “ A Woman's Diary,” which its blood.” These are the two main propositions of might be called the Japanese version of " The Con- the book, but it is to the second of them, because fessions of a Wife.” Several of the “Cobwebs" are the less obvious of the two, that attention is chiefly very dry and dusty ; indeed, the book as a whole directed. The lesson is drawn from the history of is hardly up to the author's standard, - or possibly the military peoples in both ancient and modern we miss the freshness and novelty of our first im- times that a nation becomes irredeemably weak- pressions of this charming writer. One of the most ened that sends forth its best to die on the battle- interesting portions of the book is that devoted to field. The next generation is made up of the “ Fireflies." It is wrought out from a Japanese a descendants of the weaklings who have not been work by Prof. S. Watase, formerly of the Uni- fit to fight. This is a simple enough lesson, and versity of Chicago and Wood's Holl, and now of demonstrably true, but the world stubbornly re- the Imperial University at Tokyo. The Japanese fuses to recognize it, and most countries continue original discusses the subject from a scientific as in their insane exaltation of the military spirit and well as a popular point of view; but Mr. Hearn the tinsel glory that comes from warfare. Dr. confines himself to the latter, with numerous illus- Jordan quotes from the poets to excellent effect, trations from Japanese folk-lore and poetic litera- although we cannot account for his calling Oscar ture. In olden days, poverty-stricken students in Wilde's “ Ave Imperatrix ” “ the last flicker of dy- China and Japan used to be compelled to learn ing genius in his wretched life,” or for his saying their lessons by the fitful flame of fifty fireflies im- that " in the late war some poet, addressing the prisoned in a small bamboo cage. Even now,“many spirit of ancient Greece, appealed to her, -of all , persons in Japan earn their living during the sum- thy thousands grant us three To make a new Ther- mer months by catching and selling fireflies ; indeed, mopylæ.'” The poet was Byron (who is misquoted), the extent of this business entitles it to be regarded and the late war was that of the early nineteenth as a special industry.” The most famous place at a a 6 66 1903.) 155 THE DIAL a South Carolina present for fireflies is in the neighborhood of Uji, classroom, where he is described by one of his pu- famous also for its tea. Here every summer crowds pils as an “enchanter,” and the delineation of those gather, even special trains bringing thousands of characteristics that give him such a hold on boys in visitors, to see the fireflies; and on the river, at a their play as well as in their work, furnish most in- point several miles from town, may be witnessed a teresting reading. “Boys ought hardly ever to be “ Firefly Battle," to see which people wait all night punished against their will,” was his golden rule of in boats. discipline; and his practice was to get the offender The Chief Executive of the nation to name his own punishment. Yet he was a strict Our gravest has declared that the preservation of and remarkably successful disciplinarian. The old national problem. our forests and the conservation of method of language-teaching by grammar he un- our water-supplies constitute the most serious inter- ceremoniously throw out of the window. He was nal problems confronting our country. Readers of in favor of " cribs,” in the interest of more rapid Professor Fernow's “ Economics of Forestry,” a progress and also of honesty and fairness.“ Bohn recent volume in the “ Library of Economics and is too much for us,” he declared; and yet when he Politics” (Crowell), will appreciate the seriousness failed to persuade his colleagues to countenance of the problems which is hastening upon us with the translations, he achieved a wonderful degree of suc- destruction of our most valuable forests by the axe cess in banishing and keeping out the intrusive Bohn. and fire, and consequent permanent deforestation To his love of and proficiency in athletics he owed of considerable areas. The large consumption, the much of his singular influence over boys. He also wasteful methods, and the general lack of effort on wrote their school songs for them, in a rollicking the part of the lumbering interests to conserve the vein that is irresistible. Many of these songs, supply or to provide for the replacement of the for- and other poems from his pen, as well as some of ests, not only threaten us with a wood-famine, but his educational essays, are given in an appendix. they have already brought to light, even in Wiscon- (Longmans.) sin, the possibilities of a desert arising where in the With the fourth volume of his His- memory of man the forest once throve. The book is replete with facts that show, on the other hand, the in the Revolution. tory of South Carolina, the Presi. dent of the Historical Society of possibilities of scientific treatment of the problem in that State has concluded a noble work (McCrady's the conservation and maintenance of existing sup- “South Carolina in the Revolution," Macmillan). plies, the economic utilization of the product, and This fourth volume covers the period 1780–1783. the reforestation with valuable timber of areas now The same painstaking research that has produced abandoned to the chances of nature. The book the former volumes is evident here also. It is a ought to be in the hands of every legislator in the very exact presentation of the military history of land, and public-spirited men who wish to inform the period. When this has been said, the limitations themselves authoritatively on the gravity of the of the work are indicated. The civil history of the problem and the needs and possibilities of pertinent State is almost ignored. The movement of public legislation will find here the trustworthy informa- opinion as to the merits of the Revolutionary War, tion needed, as well as inspiration for formulating either in the State at large or as indicated in gov- a public policy. The author styles it a reference. erning circles, is left to one side, - and this in a . book for students of political economy, and profes- State where the conflict of opinion was of critical sional and lay students of forestry. It is all this, importance. The persistent attempt throughout the and more. It is a most cogent argument for an volume to disparage General Greene, both as a sol- efficient grappling with the situation by scientific dier and as a man, is also a blemish on its pages. methods that shall save for the nation the remnant There is no doubt that General Sumter and other of its magnificent endowment of forests. The work State leaders have not hitherto been given due has been begun; the time is opportune for its ad- credit; but it is not necessary to accumulate ob- vancement by state and national legislation, and by loquy upon General Greene's head to accomplish corporate or individual utilization of the facilities that end. Outside of these features, the work is now offered by the Bureau of Forestry at Wash- critical and inclusive, and may stand as a master- ington for scientific direction in the managment of piece of research for other State historians. woodlands. The Rev. W. E. Bowen bas partly The number of sportsmen who seek Life of a noted written and partly compiled a tribute Afield with trophies in the fields and woods with schoolmaster. to the memory of his uncle, Edward the camera is rapidly increasing. Bowen, who for forty-two years, as assistant master One of the most successful of them has given to the at Harrow, rendered most valuable service to the public a full account of his methods, and evidences cause of secondary education. Without wife or chil. of his good luck - or, rather, his skill; for with dren, he paid to the school a devotion that brooked the camera, even more than with the gun, patience, no rival claims; and the success and honor that coolness, good judgment, and above all persistency, came to him in his chosen career were his sufficient are necessary in every successful stalk. Mr. A. reward. The details of his original methods in the Radclyffe Dugmore, in his “Nature and the the camera, a 156 [March 1, THE DIAL 1 ously drawn upon to contribute whatever elements of a blood-curdling, hair-raising nature may be lacking in the text. Bat we must not convey a false impression. The book, though devoted largely to the careers of noted criminals and the penal horrors visited upon them, contains much curious informa- tion of a less forbidding nature; and many of the illustrations are of historical interest and wholly free from repulsive features. Appropriate mention, too, is made of the labors of John Howard, Elizabeth Frye, and other prison-reformers. It would have been well if the author had made clear at the outset what is meant by “the Old Bailey.” After stating that it takes its name from the ballium, or old wall running between Ludgate and Newgate, he passes on to the history of Newgate prison. Old Bailey is the name given both to the street occu-- pying the site of the ancient wall, and also to the criminal court fronting on that street and adjoining the prison. But the old prison is now no more, its demolition having begun on the 15th of last August. It would be an interesting thing to John Brown of know - if one could know what Harper's Ferry. place John Brown will have in Amer- ican history a hundred years from now. Perhaps an equally curious thing to know would be John Brown's place now, had not certain forces North and South conspired to make a martyr of him in 1859. Opinions will doubtless continue for some time to differ as to Brown's merits and bis place in history. The savage attack made upon him by Professor Burgess in his recently published book on “The Civil War and the Constitution” will justify those who think very differently in writing sympathetic ac- counts of his life. Such a work is Mr. John Newton's Captain John Brown of Harper's Ferry” (Wessels),- a book of three hundred pages, which gives the im- pressions of an ardent admirer, but does not furnish any new material. It simply tells again of the con- ditions which made John Brown possible, of the ideas which dominated him, and of the attempts he made to translate these ideas into accomplished facts. Camera” (Doubleday), has confided to his readers the details of his procedure in photographing live birds and their nests; animals, wild and tame; reptiles, insects, fish and other aquatic forms; and flowers, trees, and fungi. The suggestions as to the outfit necessary for each subject are explicit, and the methods of overcoming difficulties which one meets in the field, in approaching the wary wild folk with the camera, are illustrated from the author's experience. The book is richly illustrated with very artistic and instructive pictures selected from the author's collection of over three thousand negatives. How much better this sounds than three thousand bird-skins! The book is eminently prac- tical, and the hints and helps for the amateur, with which it abounds, together with the inspiration which the results presented by the author afford, should do much to advance this fascinating sport among nature-lovers. The work cannot fail to promote interest in the wild life of our fields and forests, and in time, let us hope, may lead to some cessation of the senseless and wanton killing of our native birds and beasts. There is in it also much promise for the development and enrichment of our decora- tive arts, as not a few of Mr. Dugmore's pictures bear witness. Miss Julia Ellen Rogers, author of A guide to the study of our “ Among Green Trees” (Chicago : A. W. Mumford), does not think that a popular book about trees should describe all those that grow, say in North-Eastern America, and then expect the bewildered beginner to be able to tell them apart; and because she knows of no “ all-around tree-book” she has written the present It is in four parts, only one of which, called - Outdoor Studies with Trees,” bears directly upon the matter of identification. This deals with such facts as one may learn, if he is interested and ob. servant, from the trees themselves, without any reference to books. Part II. discusses “ The Life of Trees,” that is, the physiological side of the study; Part III., the practical matter of tree cul- ture; and finally Part IV. describes “ The Kinds of Trees,” limited to the common species that grow in the United States, north of Virginia and east of the Rockies. There are about twenty-five full-page illustrations, picturing complete and beautiful speci- mens of our native trees. Countless detailed draw. ings and photographs supplementary to these very beautiful larger ones, furnish accurate data about bark, buds, leaves, flowers, fruit, seeds, etc. Ama- teurs interested in forestry will find Miss Rogers's book an excellent guide. Mr. Charles Gordon's elaborately illustrated work on “The Old Bai- of crime. ley and Newgate" (Pott) furnishes rather grim and ghastly entertainment. Stow, Fox, Holinshed, Howell, the letter-books of the Corpo- ration of the City of London, and many obscurer sources of information, have been ransacked with fruitful results, while old prints have been gener- common trees. one. BRIEFER MENTION. “ Matthew Arnold's Notebooks” (Macmillan), edited by his daughter the Hon. Mrs. Wodehouse, offer us an interesting and intimate revelation of Arnold's intel- lectual habits. For nearly forty years, he kept diaries. for his official engagements, and in these diaries he entered, from day to day, passages in his reading that particularly impressed him. The passages are brief, and include texts in Greek, Latin, French, German, Italian, and English. Many of them are of a religious character, and nearly all bear in some way on the con- duct of life. Mrs. Wodehouse has reprinted this matter verbatim for every fifth year of the note books. The result is so interesting that we could wish they had been reprinted entire. The sources are sometimes in- dicated, but in a majority of the cases we are left in. the dark concerning the origin of the quoted passage. A calendar 1903.) 157 THE DIAL 1 " ( " a » " NOTES. “ Studies in Zoology,” by Mr. James A. Merrill, is “ an introduction to the study of animals for secondary schools and academies " just published by the American Book Co. A collection of “posy-ring" mottoes, those charming bits of doggerel which exercised the wits of old-time lovers, has been made by Mr. Arthur L. Humphreys and issued in an exquisite little volume imported by the Messrs. Scribner. « San Francisco and Thereabout," by Mr. Charles Keeler, is a bandsomely printed and illustrated guide- book published by the California Promotion Committee of San Francisco. It is a simple and direct, giving a brief history of the city's romantic past and a just description of its present life, with the picturesque setting of bay and bills." “ A Selection from Mrs. Browning's Poems,” edited by Miss Heloise E. Hersey, and “John Woolman's Journal are two recent additions to the “ Pocket Classics" of the Macmillan Co. For the latter of the two we are particularly grateful, because it makes ac- cessible an early American classic that deserves to be widely known. “ Essentials in Ancient History," by Mr. Arthur Mayer Wolfson, is the first of a series of four volumes intended to cover the course recommended by the Committee of Seven for secondary schools. Professor Albert B. Hart is the general editor of the series, and will himself write the volume on American history. These books are published by the American Book Co. Volume II. of “The Athenian Drama,” published by Messrs. Longmans, Green, & Co., is devoted to Sophocles, the editor and translator being Professor John Swinnerton Phillimore. The plays included are the two Edipus tragedies and the “Antigone." The illustrations are carefully chosen from famous vases and works of sculpture, and there is an elaborate intro- duction. By the recent amalgamation of the English firms of Thomas Nelson & Sons and E. & J. B. Young & Co. the two largest and oldest Bible publishing concerns doing business in this country and Great Britain bave been consolidated. The New York branches of the two firms have been absorbed by an American corporation organized under the state laws of New York, with the corporate title of Thomas Nelson & Sons. A thin volume on Robert Louis Stevenson, pub- lished by Messrs. James Pott & Co., belongs to what are called “ The Bookman Biographies.” The text is very scanty, but this deficiency is made up by the pict- ures, of which there are some two score. This is the first volume of the series, and similar volumes on Carlyle, Dickens, and Count Tolstoy are promised for early pub- lication. Under the title of “ The Chiswick Library of Noble Writers," the Scott-Thaw Co., a publishing firm re- cently organized in New York City, is about to issue a series of finely printed books in folio. The aim of the publishers is to produce a series of volumes which shall present noble books in noble form, avoiding the accusa- tion of archaism on the one hand and eccentricity on the other. The series will be printed at the Chiswick Press on handmade paper specially made by Messrs. Arnold & Foster, and the intention is to make books which shall be read, and not merely treasured as curi- osities. The first two volumes will be Landor's “ Peri- cles and Aspasia” and More's “Utopia," and in each case the edition for sale in this country is limited to 200 copies. Mr. J. N. Larned has written “A Primer of Right and Wrong" (Houghton) for the use of young people in school and at home. His style is simple and he does not preach overmuch, which gives his little book a fair chance of reaching some portion of the audience for which it is intended. Mr. Larned illustrates his own moralizings by an interesting selection of “examples and opinions " quoted from standard sources. Two little volumes of extracts from the writings of Benjamin Jowett have been edited by Professor Lewis Campbell, and are published by Mr. Henry Frowde. One of them contains passages from the introductions to the Platonic dialogues, the other illustrates the theological writings of the master. The volumes are pocketable, and should make Jowett mean something to readers for whom he is now little more than a name. “ The Boy's Iliad," by Mr. Walter Copland Perry, is a boys' story-book published by the Macmillan Co. It is attractively printed, and charmingly illustrated by Mr. Jacomb Hood. The contents extend beyond the “ Iliad” to the whole cycle of Trojan legend, and in- clude such matters as the judgment of Paris, the sac- rifice of Iphigenia, the campaigns of Penthesileia, the death of Achilles, the wooden horse, the fate of Laocoon, and the sack of Troy. The text is simple but dignified, using the actual words of Greek poetry as far as pos- sible, and the book as a whole is deserving of the warm- est commendation. The “ American Commonwealths Series" is being rapidly pushed toward completion by the publishers, Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Nine volumes are in preparation, and the first to appear will be « Texas" by Prof. George P. Garrison of the University of Texas. Mr. Frank G. Sanborn of Concord is writing the history of his native state, New Hampshire ; and the other seven volumes will be : “ Wisconsin,” by Mr. Reuben G. Thwaites; “ New Jersey," by Mr. Austin Scott; “ Penn- sylvania,” by Mr. Talcott Williams; “ Louisiana," by Mr. Albert Phelps; “ Illinois," by Prof. John H. Finley; “ Minnesota," by Dr. William F. Folwell; and “ Iowa," by Dr. Albert Shaw. The Spring list of Messrs. A. C. McClurg & Co. will include "The Ward of King Canute," a new novel by Miss Otillie A. Liljencrantz, author of “The Thrall of Leif the Lucky"; "The Souls of Black Folk," a vol- ume of essays on the negro question by Prof. W. E. B. DuBois ; “A Selection from the Best English Essays," edited by Mr. Sherwin Cody; a translation by Miss Mary J. Safford of Felix Dahn's “ Felicitas”; “ The Reflections of a Lonely Man," by “A. C. M."; a col- lection of “Cartoons by McCutcheon," one of the best known newspaper artists of the day ; « The Law of Mental Medicine," by Mr. Thomson J. Hudson; and an “Index to Poetry and Recitations,” edited by Miss Edith Granger. “Every Day in the Year” (Dodd), compiled by Mr. James L. Ford and Mrs. Mary K. Ford, is a poetical anthology upon a new plan. Every day in the year is illustrated by a poem, or group of poems, commemora- tive of some important occurrence. All sorts of things are celebrated, from birthdays to battles, and the poems are of a high average order of merit, although in the nature of things some days have given cause for much > " 158 1 THE DIAL (March 1, : LIST OF NEW BOOKS. (The following list, containing 72 titles, includes books received by The DIAL since its last issue.] 7 more inspiring verse than others, and in a few instances the editors evidently found it difficult to find anytbing to celebrate. Taking an illustration at random, we find for the date of April 19, poems on the death of Bea- consfield, the attack on the Union troops in Baltimore in_1861, Emerson's “ Concord Hymn," a ballad on « The Minute Men of Northboro," a sonnet on the death of Byron, Realf's “ Apocalypse," and two pieces on the declaration of Cuban Independence by the United States Congress. » 2 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. The Life and Times of Georg Joachim Goscben, Publisher and Printer of Leipzig, 1752-1828. By his grandson, Viscount Goschen. In 2 vols., illus. in photo- gravure, color, etc., 8vo, gilt tops, uncut. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $12. net. Personal Reminiscences of Prince Bismarck. By Sidney Whitman. With portraits, 8vo, gilt top, anont. D. Appleton & Co. $1.60 net. The Life of James Madison. By Gaillard Hunt. With frontispiece, large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 402. Doubleday, Page & Co. $2.50 net. Augustus Cæsar and the Organisation of the Empire of Rome. By John B. Firth, B.A. Illus., 12mo, pp. 371. “Heroes of the Nations." G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.35 net. A Virginia Girl in the Civil War, 1861-1865: Being a Record of the Actual Experiences of the Wife of a Con- federate Officer. Collected and edited by Myrta Lockett Avary. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 384. D. Appleton & Co. $1.25 net. Robert Louis Stevenson, Illus., large 8vo, pp. 40. “Bookman Biographies." James Pott & Co. 75 cts. 5 8 TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS. March, 1903. Alexander III., Coronation of. Mme. Waddington. Scribner. America the Cradle of Asia. Stewart Culin. Harper. America's Coming Race. Gustave Michaud. Century. American Aim, The. Austin Bierbower. World's Work. Australia, First Parliament of. H. H. Lusk. Rev. of Reviews. Capital, Organization of. Herman Justi. Century. Carnegie Institution, The. D. C. Gilman. World's Work. Chicago, Character of. F. C. Howe. World's Work. Chicago Board of Trade. Will Payne. Century. Christian Science, Mrs. Eddy's Relation to. North American. City, The Twentieth Century. John Corbin. Scribner. Congress, Humors of. Francis E. Leupp. Century. Cortelyou, George B. H. B. F. Macfarland. Rev. of Reviews. Dawes, Henry L. George P. Morris. Review of Reviews. East, A People from the. Norman Duncan. Harper. Fiction, Sanity in. Hamlin Garland. North American. Forests, Southern, Saving the. 0. W. Price. World's Work. Forum, Recent Discoveries in the. G. Boni. Harper. Franchises, Question of. George C. Sikes. Atlantic. Gateway of Nations, In the. J. A. Riis. Century. Germany, A Letter from. W. C. Dreher. Atlantic. Germany on the Sea. W. L. Marvin. Review of Reviews. Gypsies, False. Charles Sears Baldwin. Atlantic. Hampstead. Arthur Colton. Harper. History, Writing of. A. T. Mahan. Atlantic. Hotel, Workings of a Modern. A. B. Paine. World's Work. Intellectual Communism. Sara Y. Stevenson. Lippincott. Labor Organizations, Rights and Methods of. No. American. Legal Penalties and Public Opinion. North American. London Police Methods. Josiah Flynt. North American. Lumber Industry of Pacific Coast. Review of Reviews. Marionettes and Puppet Shows. E. C. Peixotto. Scribner. Medicine, Recent Advances in. A. T. Bristow. World's Work Monroe Doctrine and the Venezuela Affair. North American. Moro Princess, A. Harriet A. Febiger. Scribner. Morocco, Sultan of. Talcott Williams. Review of Reviews. Natural History, Real and Sham. John Burroughs. Atlantic. Naval Strength, Our. G. W. Melville. North American. Nile Reservoir, The New. F. C. Penfield. North American. Northwest, The Great. Ray S. Baker. Century. Ohio, 100 Years of. C. M. Harvey, World's Work. Philosophy and Science To-day. J. T. Driscoll. No. American Polygamy, Political Significance of. Jos. Smith. No. Am. Power-transmission, Long-distance, in Canada. Rev. of Revs. Quebec, Montgomery's Struggle for. J. H. Smith, Century. Reciprocity between the U.S. and Canada. North American. Rural and Village Improvement Societies. Lippincott. Saint Teresa. Annie Fields. Atlantic. Schools, Public, Widening the Use of. World's Work. Shakespeare's Richard II. A. C. Swinburne. Harper. South America, Germany in. F. A. Ogg. World's Work.:1 Space, An Outlook into. W. H. Pickering. Century. Supreme Court, The. David J. Brewer. Scribner. Teaching, Public School. Wm. McAndrews. World's Work. Telegraphy, Commercial Wireless. World's Work. Tobacco Trust, The So-called. G. B. Fife. Century. Tyrol, Our, and its Types. Julian Ralph. Harper. Unexpected, The. Robert W. Chambers. Harper. Venezuelan Trouble, The. J.C. O’Laughlin. World's Work. World-Legislature, A. R. L. Bridgman. Atlantic. HISTORY. The Correspondence of the Colonial Governors of Rhode Island, 1723-1775. Edited by Gertrude Selwyn. Kimball. Vol. I., illus., large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 434. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $5. A Short History of Rome. By W. S. Robinson, M.A. 18mo, pp. 486. Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.12 net. The Story of the Trapper. By A. C. Lant. Illus., 12mo, pp. 284. “Story of the West Series." ." D. Appleton & Co. $1.25 net. GENERAL LITERATURE. Happiness: Essays on the Meaning of Life. By Carl Hilty; trang. by Francis Greenwood Peabody. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 154. Macmillan Co. $1.25 net. The Principles of Criticism : An Introduction to the Study of Literature. By W. Basil Worsfold, M.A. New edition ; 12mo, pp. 256. Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.12 net. Sally Wister's Journal: A True Narrative; being a Quaker Maiden's Account of her Experiences with Offi- cers of the Continental Army, 1777-8. Edited by Albert Cook Myers. Illus. in color, eto., 12mo, uncut, pp. 224. Philadelphia: Ferris & Leach. $2. net. The Western Slope. By Celia Parker Woolley. 12mo, uncut, pp. 242. Evanston: William S. Lord. $1.25. La Perfecta Casada. Por el Maestro F. Luys de Leon. Texto del Siglo XVI. Edited by Elizabeth Wallace. 8vo, pp. 119. * Decennial Publications." University of Chicago Press. $1.50 net. King Alfred's Old English Version of St. Augustine's Soliloquies. Edited by Henry Lee Hargrove, Ph.D. 8vo, Yale Studies in English.” Henry Holt & Co. Paper, $1. The Journal of Arthur Stirling (“The Valley of the Shadow"). Revised and condensed, with an Introductory Sketch. 12mo, pp. 356. D. Appleton & Co. $1.25 net. The Mystery of Sleep. By John Bigelow, LL.D. Second edition, rewritten and enlarged. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 216. Harper & Brothers. $1.50. Nuggets from a Welsh Mine : Selections from the Writings of Jenkin Lloyd Jones. With portrait, 12mo, unout, pp. 127. Chicago: Unity Publishing Co. $1. net. NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE, The Æneid of Virgil. Literally rendered into English blank verse by T. H. Delabère May, M.A. In 2 vols., 12mo. London: David Nutt. Letters and Literary Remains of Edward FitzGerald. Vol. III., with photogravure portrait, large 8vo, uncut, pp. 323. Macmillan Čo. $3. net. (Sold only in sets of 7 vols.) The Paris Sketch Book. By W. M. Thackeray; edited by Walter Jerrold ; illus. by Charles E. Brock. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 356. Macmillan Co. $1. ) pp. 120. 1903.) 159 THE DIAL Tsimshlan Texts. By Franz Boas. Large 4to, pp. 244. Washington: The Smithsonian Institution. Assyrian and Babylonian Letters belonging to the Kouyunjik Collections of the British Museum. By Robert Francis Harper. Large 8vo, pp. 142. Decennial Publications." University of Chicago Press. $6. net. The Path of Evolution through Ancient Thought and Modern Science. By Henry Pemberton, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 374. Henry Altemus Co. The Animal Ecology of the Cold Spring Sand Spit. By C. B. Davenport. 4to, pp. 22. Decennial Publications." University of Chicago Press. Paper. NATURE. A Woman's Hardy Garden. By Helena Rutberfurd Ely. Illus. in photogravure, etc., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 216. Macmillan Co. $1.75 net. BOOKS OF VERSE. Hand in Hand: Verses by Mother and Daughter. With photogravure title-page, 18mo, uncut, pp. 122. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1. net. Written in Florence: The Last Verses of Hugh McCulloch, With photogravure portrait, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 107. Little, Brown, & Co. $1.25 net. Ah, What Riddles These Women Be! By William Young. 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 48. R. H. Russell. $1. The Gay Gordons: Ballads of an Ancient Scottish Clan. Edited by Armistead C. Gordon, 16mo, pp. 40. Staunton, Va.: Albert Shultz. FICTION. Truth (Vérité). By Emile Zola; trans. by Ernest A. Vize- telly. 12mo, pp. 596. John Lane. $1.50. A Whaleman's Wife. By Frank T. Bullen. Illus., 12mo, pp. 372. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50. The Circle. By Katherine Cecil Thurston. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 340. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50. Calvert of Strathore. By Carter Goodloe. With frontis- piece in color, 12mo, pp. 377. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50. Journeys End: A Romance of To-day. By Justus Miles Forman. Illus., 12mo, uncut, pp. 240. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.50. For a Maiden Brave. By Chauncy C. Hotchkiss. Illus. in color, 12mo. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50. Abeniki Caldwell: A Burlesque Historical Novel. By Carolyn Wells. Illus., 12mo, uncut, pp. 289. R. H. Russell. $1.50. The Pride of Tellfair. By Elmore Elliott Peake. 12mo, pp. 391. Harper & Brothers. $1.50. A Daughter of the Pit. By Margaret Doyle Jackson. 12mo, pp, 351. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50. What Manner of Man. By Edna Kenton. 12mo, gilt top, nncnt, pp. 292. Bowen-Merrill Co. $1.50. A Coin of Edward VII.: A Detective Story. By Fergus Hume. With frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 285. G. W. Dill- ingham Co. Back to the Woods: The Story of a Fall from Grace. By Hugh McHugh. Illus., 18mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 116. G. W. Dillingham Co. 75 cts. Mrs. McPiggs of the Very Old Scratch. By Frank C. Voorbies. 16mo, pp. 29. Boston: Mutual Book Co. 30 cts. ART. The Meaning of Pictures: Six Lectures Given for Co- lumbia University at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. By John C. Van Dyke. Illus., 16mo, pp. 161. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.25 net. Principles of Home Decoration. With Practical Ex- amples. By Candace Wheeler. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, un- cut, pp. 227. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.80 net. Watteau and his School. By Edgcumbe Staley, B.A. Illus. in photogravure, etc., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 160. “Great Masters in Painting and Sculpture." Macmillan Co. $1.75. Sir John Everett Millais. By A. L. Baldry. Illus., 24mo, gilt top, pp. 64. “Bell's Miniature Series of Painters." Macmillan Co. 50 cts. Murillo. By George C. Williamson, Litt. D. Illns., 24mo. gilt top, pp. 68. “ Bell's Miniature Series of Painters." Macmillan Co. 50 cts. PHILOSOPHY. Outlines of Cosmic Philosophy. Based on the Doctrine of Evolution, with Criticisms on the Positive Philosophy. By John Fiske; with Introduction by Josiah Royce. New edition; in 4 vols., 8vo, gilt tops, uncut. Houghton, Mif- flin & Co. $8. RELIGION. Human Destiny in the Light of Revelation. By John F. Weir, M.A. 16mo, gilt top, pp. 186. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1. net. BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG. Emblemland. By John Kendrick Bangs and Charles Ray- mond Macauley. Illus., 12mo, pp. 164. R. H. Russell. $1.60 net. The New Boy at Dale. By Charles Edward Rich. Illus., 12mo, pp. 294. Harper & Brothers. $1.25 net. Kindergarten Stories for the Sunday School and Home. By Laura Ella Cragin. Illus., 12mo, pp. 316. Chicago: New Era Publishing Co. $1.25 net. TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION. A Satchel Guide for the Vacation Tourist in Europe. By W.J. Rolfe, Litt. D. First edition for 1903. With maps, 18mo, pp. 307. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50. The Collegiate Church of Stratford-on-Avon and other Buildings of Interest in the Town and Neighborhood. By Harold Baker. Illus., 12mo, pp. 95. Bell's Cathedral Sories." Macmillan Co. 60 cts. POLITICS AND SOCIOLOGY. American Diplomacy in the Orient. By John W. Foster. 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 498. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $3. net. The American Republic and its Government: An Analysis, with a Consideration of its Fundamental Prin- ciples and of its Relations to the States and Territories. By James Albert Woodburn. 8vo, pp. 410. G. P. Put- nam's Song. $2. net. The Woman Who Toils: Being the Experiences of Two Ladies as Factory Girls. By Mrs. John Van Vorst and Marie Van Vorst. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 303. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.50 net. The Negro Artisan: A Social Study. 8vo, pp. 192. At- lanta, Ga.: Atlanta University Press. Paper, 50 cts. EDUCATION.-BOOKS FOR SCHOOL AND COLLEGE. Special Method in the Reading of Complete English Classics in the Grades of the Common School. By Charles McMurry, Ph.D. 12mo, pp. 254. Macmillan Co. 75 cts, net. The Method of Recitation. By Charles A. McMurry, Ph.D., and Frank M. McMurry, Ph.D. 12mo, pp. 339. Macmillan Co. 90 cts. net. Advanced Algebra for Colleges and Schools. By William J. Milne, Ph.D. 8vo, pp. 608. American Book Co. $1.50. Marianela. Por B. Pérez Galdós; edited by Edward Gray, A.B. 12mo, pp. 264. American Book Co. 90 cts. En Son Nom. Par Edward Everett Hale; traduit par Mary Prince Sauveur, et annoté par Lambert Sauveur. 12mo, pp. 300. New York: William R. Jenkins. Paper, 60 cts. Stories of Old France. By Leila Webster Pitman. Illus. 12mo, pp. 312. American Book Co. 60 cts. Tennyson's Idyls of the Kings (Selections). Edited by Sophie Chantal Hart, M.A. With portrait, 12mo, pp. 127. Longmans, Green, & Co. 50 cts. Irving's Oliver Goldsmith. Edited by Lewis B. Semple, Ph.D. With portrait, 12mo, pp. 296. Longmans, Green, & Co. 50 cts. Corneillo's Cinna. Edited by John E. 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BROOKE, M.A. " The one invaluable book on the subject "The most satisfactory and stimulating criticism of - Bliss CARMAN in The Reader. this poet yet published." - London Times. $1.50 net. By mail, $1.65 - Spiritual Lessons from the Brownings The Ring and the Book With notes and introduction by Porter and Clarke. From the author's revised text of 1889. 60 cents and upwards Browning Study Programmes By CHARLOTTE PORTER and HELEN A. CLARKE. "Cannot fail to stimulate. A god- send to Browning clube."- Critic. One vol., $1.50 Also uniform with Camberwell Edition. By A. H. BRADFORD, D.D. 35 cents 9 Elizabeth Barrett Browning's Complete Works COXHOE EDITION Edited by CHARLOTTE PORTER and HELEN A. CLARKE “The same excellent features that characterize the Camberwell Edition of Robert Browning." WILLIAM Lyon PHELPS (Yale). 6 vols., pocket size, in box, $4.50 and upwards Sold only in sets Selected Poems Complete Works Preface by ROBERT BROWNING, Notes, and Index. One vol., 60 cts. and upwards Aurora Leigh One vol., 35 cents and upwards With notes. One volume. 35 cents and upwards SEND FOR SPECIAL BROWNING BOOKLET THOMAS Y. CROWELL & CO., NEW YORK THX DIAL PRESS, FINE ARTS BUILDING, CHICAGO THE DIAL SPRING ANNOUNCEMENT NUMBER A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. EDITED BY FRANCIS F. BROWNE. . WNE.} | Volume XXXIV. CHICAGO, MARCH 16, 1903. 402 10 euro {. $2. a year. 203 Michigan Blvd. Of Special Interest to Lovers of Nature BY Dur Feathered Game Dwight ami. With 8 full-page illustrations and more than 100 photographs of game birds. $2.00 net (postage 16 cents). Describing all the game c.rds in the United States and telling where and how they may be shot. Huntington There are chapters on guns and dogs, game clubs and preserves, etc. A Book for Amateur Sportsmen and Nature Lovers. BY Harriet L. 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Вр Frances Theodora Parsons $1.75 net (postage 14 cents). according to Season Talks about the Flowers in the order of their appearance in the Woods and Fields. how to know the wild flowers With 48 colored plates and 110 full-page illustrations. Rewritten, enlarged, and entirely reset. With 150 illustrations. How to know the ferns both 1000, $2.00 net. $1.50 net. By the author of "Art for Art's Sake" The Meaning of Pictures By John C. VAN DYKE Fully and usefully illustrated $1.25 net (postage II cents) Literary Landmarks of Dxford By LAURENCE Hutton Exquisitely illustrated by Herbert Railton $1.20 net (postage 12 cents). . Letters of a Diplomat's Wife Illustrated By MARY KING WADDINGTON $2.50 net (postage 20 cents). An unusual book, describing with minuteness, vividness, and picturesqueness famous men and women the writer met as the wife of the French Ambassador to the Czar's Coronation and Ambassador to England, 1883-93. CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK CITY 166 [March 16, THE DIAL Scribners' New Books of Serious Interest THE PRINCIPLES OF MONEY By J. Laurence Laughlin, Professor of Political Economy in the University of Chicago. 8vo, $3.00 net (post- age 21 cents). An elaborately organized treatment of the principles of money and an original and novel contribution to the science of political economy. Shakespeare and Voltaire Shakespeare's Portrayal of the Moral Life By T. R. LOUNSBURY, Litt. D., LL.D., Professor of English in Yale By FRANK CHAPMAN SHARP, Assistant Professor of Philosophy in University. 8vo, $2.00 nel (postage 16 cents). the University of Wisconsin. 12.no. $1.25 net (postage 10 “Presents for the first time a complete story of the relations held by Voltaire to Shakespeare."- Boston Transcript. cents). 1 AGNOSTICISM By Robert Flint, D.D., LL.D., Professor of Divinity in the University of Edinburgh. 8vo, $2.00 net (postage 20 cents). “Dr. Flint's eminence among representative writers upon Theism' ommands attention to his treatment of Agnos- ticism. No writer that we are aware of has treated it so amply and thoroughly as here.”—The Outlook. (G Human Nature and the Social Order By CHARLES HORTON COOLEY, of the University of Michigan. 12mo, $1.50 net (postage 12 cents). "The best treatment of the human nature problem."-Prof. Giddings. The Citizen in his Relation to the Industrial Situation By the Rt. Rev. HENRY C. POTTER, D.D., LL.D. A new volume of the Yale Lectures on the Responsibilities of Citizenship 12mo, $1.00 net (postage 10 cents). DEVELOPMENT OF MUSLIM THEOLOGY, JURISPRUDENCE AND CONSTITU- TIONAL THEORY. By Duncan B. MacDonald, Professor in Hartford Theological Seminary. $1.25 net (postage 11 cents). To the general reader it will open a new world of interest and information, and to the specialist it will give the latest data on its complicated and difficult theme. New Amsterdam and its People By J. H. INNES. Illustrated, 8vo, $2.50 net (postage 16 cents). The American Cotton Industry By T. M. YOUNG. A Study of Work and Workers. 75 cents net. The American Merchant Marine Its History and Romance from 1620 to 1902. By WINTHROP L. MARVIN, Associate Editor of the Boston Journal. 8vo, $2. net. Charles H. Cramp.-"The most interesting and valuable con- tribution to that class of literature that has so far appeared." Views and Reviews (Second Sories) Essays in Appreciation-Art. By W. E. Henley. 16mo, $1.00. Biblical Quotations in Old English Prose Writers By ALBERT 8. Cook, Ph.D., L.H.D., Professor of English in Yale University. 8vo, $6 00 net (postage 25 cents). Aspects of Fiction And Other Ventures in Criticism. By BRANDER MATTHEWS, Pro- fessor in Columbia University. $1.25 net (postage 11 cents). “ He writes from generous knowledge with keenness, truth and facility."-San Francisco Argonaut. Important Educational Works COMMERCIAL GEOGRAPHY By Jaques W. Redway, F.R.G.S. Profusely illastrated. 12mo, $1.25 net. A book for High Schools, Commercial Courses and Business Colleges. ELEMENTARY PHYSICS By Frank W. Miller and August F. Foerste, Instructors in the Steele High School, Dayton, Ohio. 12mo, 410 pages, $1.25 net. FIRST LESSONS IN ENGLISH By Wilbur F. Gordy, Principal of North Grammar School, Hartford, Conn., and William E. Mead, Pro- fessor of the English Language in Wesleyan University. 200 pages, practically illustrated, introduction price 40 cents. CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, Publishers, New York 1903.) 167 THE DIAL Some of THE BETTER SORT By HENRY JAMES Mr. James is acknowledged to be at his very best in his short stories, and there is nothing better in con- temporary fiction than Mr. James's best. Broken Wings, The Beldonald Holbein, The Two Faces, The Tone of Time, The Spe- cial Type, Mrs. Medwin, Flickerbridge, The Story in It, The Beast in the Jungle, The Birthplace, The Papers. $1.50 Scribners' Spring Fiction CALVERT OF STRATHORE By CARTER GOODLOE A very original and mature novel of the French Revolution as seen through American eyes. Jefferson and Morris are prominent characters. A SUCCESS FROM THE START. Christy frontispiece in color. $1.50 MIDDLE AGED LOVE STORIES THE SOUTHERNERS BY CYRUS TOWNSEND BRADY 66 THE TURQUOISE CUP BY ARTHUR COSSLETT SMITH A companion volume to the au- thor's "The Monk and the Dancer." CONTENTS The Turquoise Cup The Desert Illustrations by Parrish $1.25 By JOSEPHINE DASKAM These seven stories, considered as sincere studies of her subject, have an importance fully equal to their interest as love tales of a quite un- usual nature and a quality their au- thor's own. It is a book that no one at all interested in Miss Dask- am's growing career can afford to overlook. $1.25 This vigorous love story is brought into sharp relief against a background of fighting on land and sea. The scene is Mobile and the period that of the Civil War. Illustrated in color. $1.50 NO HERO New Stories by ZACK BY Two of them Novelettes THE HOUSE ON THE HUDSON By FRANCES POWELL A very remarkable first novel, of peculiar orginality. $1.50 E. W. HORNUNG CONTENTS The Roman Road The Balance The Thoughty One An Eton boy has fallen in love with a woman supposed to be an ad- venturess. The scene is laid in Switz- erland. An absorbing and unusual story. $1.25 $1.50 A GIRL OF IDEAS By ANNIE FLINT The story of the business career of a girl whose imagination is her only capital. $1.50 HORSES NINE Stories of Harness and Saddle The Adventures of HARRY REVELL By A. T. QUILLER-COUCH A story of plot and mystery in Mr. Quiller-Couch's most individual manner, the crime in the background, with its accompanying evolutions, re- vealing itself through the innocent mind of a boy. $1.50 The Julia Marlowe Edition of Cable's Novel THE CAVALIER Illustrated from the Play By SEWELL FORD Episodes in the careers of Skipper Calico Chieftain Old Silver Pasha Blue Blazes Barnacles Bonfire Black Eagle Illustrated, $1.25 $1.50 Very interesting and extremely popular fiction, selling at the rate of 500 copies a day. THE FORTUNES OF OLIVER HORN THE BLUE FLOWER By F. Hopkinson Smith By Henry van Dyke THE LITTLE WHITE BIRD CAPTAIN MACKLIN By J. M. Barrie By Richard Harding Davis CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, Publishers, New York , 168 [March 16, THE DIAL SPRING PUBLICATIONS OF Ready March 25 FELICITAS Ready April 15 THE WARD OF KING CANUTE A Romance of the Danish Conquest by OTTILIE A. LILJENCRANTZ. The story is concerned with the adventures of Randalin, a beautiful Danish maiden, who becomes the ward of King Canute by the fortunes of war. Like Miss Liljencrantz's first book, “ The Thrall of Leif the Lucky,” this new romance makes its appeal through the fascinating charm and reality of its medi- æval atmosphere. With six full-page illustrations in color by the Kinneys. $1.50. By Felix Dahn, Author of " A Captive of the Roman Eagles.” Translated from the German by Mary J. Safford. This is the second of three novels by the great German author which form a group devoted to the early wars between Romans and Teutons. They are quite unlike any- thing in modern historical fiction, and will find popularity among readers who appre- ciate literary value and historical accuracy in two qualities that have been somewhat lost sight of in recent years. $1.50. a romance - Ready May 9 A SELECTION FROM THE BEST ENGLISH ESSAYS Illustrative of the History of English Prose Style. Arranged, with Historical and Crit- ical Introductions, by SHERWIN CODY. Mr. Cody's “ Selection of the World's Greatest Short Stories” has met with much approval by students of literature, and it is expected that this new book, which is a com- panion volume to the earlier work in every respect, will be quite as successful. He has included essays by Addison, Swift, Lamb, De Quincey, Carlyle, Emerson, Macaulay, Ruskin, and Arnold, and the use of these in illustration of the development of English prose style gives the book a practical value. $1.00 net. Ready in June AN INDEX TO POETRY AND RECITATIONS Edited by Edith GRANGER, A.B. From the advance orders and letters of ap- preciation already received, there is no doubt that this will be one of the most valuable practical reference manuals for the librarian and bookseller ever brought out. The pub- lishers have been assured that the need for such a book has been a pressing one, and that its final appearance is an important event. Over 300 standard and popular col- lections have been indexed, comprising nearly 30,000 titles. $5.00 net. a A. C. McCLURG & COMPANY 1903.) 169 THE DIAL A. C. McCLURG & COMPANY Ready April 18 THE REFLECTIONS OF A LONELY MAN By "A. C. M." When the reader has finished this little book, he will not be able to understand why so clever and observing a philosopher conceals his identity behind the ambiguous initial. He will doubtless want to know more of this “Lonely Man" whose strong personality is apparent in his writing, for his reflections deal with matters of every-day discussion in a manner that is fresh, vigorous, and original. The author prefers to maintain his seclusion, however, and it is doubtful whether his ident- ity will ever be announced. $1.00 net. Ready April 18 THE SOULS OF BLACK FOLK By W. E. Burghardt Du Bois. This new champion of the rights of the col- ored race'is without doubt the most eloquent advocate that has yet come forward. It is expected that this remarkable collection of essays, which are quite unlike anything that has appeared for years, will have a perceptible effect on public opinion regarding the Negro question. Certainly it will be difficult for pre- judice to contend against the impassioned plea that Professor Du Bois offers for the spiritual rights of his people. $1.20 net. Ready April u a Ready April 18 THE LAW OF MENTAL MEDICINE By THOMSON J. Hudson, LL.D. , Dr. Hudson, after a considerable period of re- tirement, has just finished another of his re- markable books. This is his most ambitious work since “The Law of Psychic Phe- nomena," a volume which has reached a sale of nearly 60,000 copies, and which competes very actively with popular fiction at many public libraries. In his new volume his theo- ries are even more bold and original, being frequently at decided variance with most of the published authorities on this and similar subjects. As the topic is one that is exciting much wide-spread discussion, the sales will probably be larger than those of any of his former books. $1.20 net. CARTOONS BY McCUTCHEON With an Introduction by GEORGE ADE. It is doubtful whether any newspaper cc feat- ure” has gained more universal commenda- tion than Mr. McCutcheon's drawings in the Chicago Record-Herald, and their appear- ance in book form is based on the growing demand for a collection of these cartoons in permanent shape. The artist has hundreds of admirers in all parts of the country who will be glad to learn that Mr. McCutcheon's diverting conceptions are not to be lost in the files of a daily paper. $1.25 net. PUBLISHERS :: CHICAGO 170 [March 16, THE DIAL Appletons' Spring Announcements STANDARD LETTERS OF CHARLES DARWIN Edited by Francis Darwin. Two vols., 500 pages each. Eight photogravures and eight half- tones. Cloth, gilt top, deckle edges, boxed, $5.00 net. Uniform with «The Life and Letters of Huxley." Much interest has been shown in the announcement of this work. The two volumes will in no way disappoint readers, for it will soon be discovered that Francis Darwin's biography of his father, while made up largely of letters, left unprinted an extremely valuable epistolary collection. The new letters are not alone scientific in the subjects they treat of; they are often personal, and delightfully so. They reveal in Darwin that persuasive and irresistable charm which men of real eminence always possess when to great talent they join simplicity and unaffected sincerity. I 2 mo. Musical Education By A. LAVIGNAC. Translated by Esther Singleton. Cloth. This book is arranged in six large parts as follows : I. General Remarks upon Musical Education. II, The Study of Instruments. III. The Study of Singing. IV. Studies Necessary for Composers. V. How to Remedy a Defective Musical Education. VI. Various Modes of Teaching ; 1. Individual Teaching ; 2. Col- lective Teaching ; 3. Conservatory Teaching. The Life and Times of Thomas Jefferson By Thomas E. Watson, of Georgia, author of “ The Story of France” and “ Napoleon Bonaparte.” Illus- trated. Cloth. 12 mo. 12mo. Cabinet-Making and Designing By Charles SPOONER. (Artistic Crafts Series.) Illus- trated. Half-bound, $1.20 net (postage 12 cents additional). A History of American Literature By William P. Trent. (Literatures of the World Series. Edited by Edmund Gosse.) Cloth, $1.50 (postage 15 cents additional). Sir William Johnson By Augustus C. Buell, author of “ Paul Jones, Founder of the American Navy." (Series of Historic Lives.) Illustrated. 12 mo. Cloth, $1.00 net (post- age 10 cents additional). $ I 2mo, The Story of a Grain of Wheat By William C. Edgar, editor of “The Northwestern Miller." Illustrated. Cloth, $1.00 net (postage 10 cents additional). Horace Greeley By William A. Linn, author of “ The Story of the Mormons"; formerly Managing Editor New York Evening Post. (Historic Lives Series.) 12mo. Illus- trated. Cloth, $1.00 net (postage 10 cents additional). I 2mo. Sir William Pepperell By Noah Brooks. (Historic Lives Series.) Cloth, $1.00 net (postage 10 cents additional). Appletons' Dictionary of Greater New York A Complete Guide to the City and its Neighborhood. With many Maps and Illustrations. 25th Year. Ex- tensively Revised. Paper, 25 cents. I 2mo, I 2mo. Admiral Porter By James Russell SOLEY. (Great Commanders Series. Edited by Gen. James Grant Wilson.) Portrait. 12 mo. Cloth, $1.50 net (postage 11 cents additional). My Literary Life. By Madam ADAM (Juliette Lamber). 12mo. Gilt top. Portrait. Cloth, $1.40 net (postage 14 cents addi- tional). D. Appleton & Company, Publishers, Rew York 1903.) 171 THE DIAL Appletons' Spring Announcements FICTION RICHARD ROSNY By Maxwell Gray, author of “The Silence of Dean Maitland,” “The House of Hidden Treas- ure," etc. Photogravure Frontispiece. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50. I Maxwell Gray is remembered as the author of one of the novels of largest circulation published during the period in which it appeared, “ The Silence of Dean Maitland.” Her new story is of about 170,000 words in length, and will be issued in the early spring as a regular $1.50 novel. This author has not yet published a book in this country for which there was not a large sale. One of her notable successes besides “Dean Maitland” was “ The House of Hidden Treasure.” The Stirrup Cup A Virginia Girl in the Civil War By J. AUBREY Tyson. (Novelette de Luxe Series.) Being the Authentic Experiences of a Confederate Maj- Gilt top. Cloth, $1.25. or's Wife who followed her Husband into Camp at Mr. Tyson has written an American story which the outbreak of the War, dined and supped with Gen- seems certain of popularity. It deals with the early life of Aaron Burr, his first courtship and marriage. This eral J. E. B. Stuart, ran the Blockade to Baltimore, is a most agreeable part of Burr's life to those who regret and was in Richmond when it was evacuated. Col- the later clouds that injured his reputation. Mr. Tyson lected and Edited by Myrta Lockett Avary. has told the story with much cleverness and refinement. Cloth, $1.25 net (postage 12 cents additional). In literary craftsmanship he has risen to a level distinctly above the average in current fiction. For a Maiden Brave A Whaleman's Wife By CHAUNCEY C. Hotchkiss, author of “A Colonial Free-Lance," "The Strength of the Weak,” etc. By F. T. BULLEN, author of “The Cruise of the Cach- alot," "Deep-Sea Plunderings," etc. Illustrated. With 4 illustrations in color by Frank T. Merrill. Cloth, $1.50. Second Edition. Cloth, $1.50. Fifth Edition. Izmo. 12mo. > > 12mo. I 2mo. New Volumes in “EXPANSION OF THE REPUBLIC SERIES” Steps in the Expansion of Our The History of Puerto Rico Territory By R. A. VAN MIDDELDYKE. With an introduction by By Oscar P. Austin, Chief of the Bureau of Statistics Professor Martin C. Brumbaugh. 12mo. Illustrated. in the Treasury Department at Washington. Illus- Cloth, $1.25 net (postage 12 cents additional). trated with many Maps. Cloth, $1.25 net (postage 12 cents additional). Rocky Mountain Exploration By REUBEN Gold THWAITES, Editor of “ The Jesuit The Conquest of the Southwest Relations," and author of “Father Marquette," and By CYRUS TownsEND BRADY. Illustrated. “ Daniel Boone." Illustrated. 1 2mo. Cloth, $1.25 Cloth, $1.25 net (postage 12 cents additional). net (postage 12 cents additional). I 2mo. I 2 mo. New Volumes in “APPLETONS' BUSINESS SERIES" Trust Finance The Modern Bank By Dr. E. S. MEADE, of the University of Pennsylvania. By Amos K. FISKE. Illustrated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25 12mo. Cloth, $1.25 net (postage 12 cents additional). net (postage 12 cents additional). American Railway Transportation By Emory R. JOHNSON, of the University of Pennsylvania. Illus- trated. Cloth, $1.25 net (postage 12 cents additional). 1 2mo. D. Appleton & Company, Publishers, New York 172 (March 16, THE DIAL LONGMANS, GREEN & Co.'s NEW BOOKS AMERICAN CITIZEN SERIES- New Volume FINANCIAL HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES By Davis Rich Dewey, Ph.D., Professor of Economics and Statistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. With Charts, Bibliographies, Chapter References, Index, etc. Large crown octavo, 568 pages, cloth, $2.00. THE MAKING OF OUR MIDDLE SCHOOLS: An Account of the Development of Secondary Education in the United States. By Elmer ELSWORTH Brown, Ph.D., Professor of the “ Theory and Practice of Education” in the University of California. With full Bibliographies and General Index. Large crown octavo, pages xii-547, $3.00. THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF THE ENGLISH GOVERNMENT By THOMAS FRANCIS MORAN, Ph.D., Professor of History and Economics in Purdue Univer- sity. Crown octavo, pages xii-379, $1.20, net, (postage additional). The purpose of this book is to place before American readers a concise account of the theory and practice of the English Government. An effort has been made to present within reasonable compass a description of the actual working of the English Government with some reference to its history and theory. PRINCIPLES OF CRITICISM An Introduction to the Study of Literature. By Basil WORSFOLD. A New and Cheaper Edition. Crown 8vo, 264 pages, cloth, . $1.12, net. By mail, $1.22. The purpose of this book is to present an account of the main principles of literary criticism, and to illustrate these principles by passages from great writers. The book will be found to contain (in ad- dition to the text) a collection of noteworthy critical utterances. The volume contains a complete index of authors and writings quoted, as well as an index of subjects. BRITISH SOLDIERS IN THE FIELD By the Right Hon. Sir Herbert Maxwell, Bart. With 15 illustrations (4 in color). (Boys' LIBRARY.) $2.09. “... Sir Herbert is himself a soldier, and he has given a military man's reasons for the different details of the battles he describes. Add to this un- usual vividness of description, two illustrations in color and numerous maps, and it would be difficult to find a better book."— Chicago Daily News. a NEW FICTION THE RAMPARTS OF JEZREEL By Arnold DAVENPORT. Crown 8vo, cloth, ornamental, $1.50. A romantic novel founded on the Biblical narrative of events leading to the ascension of Jehu to the throne of Israel and to the death of Jezebel. Jehu, the Prophet of Elisha, and a supposed daughter of Elijah, are leading characters, and the Siege and Capture of Jezreel is the climax of the story. KARL OF ERBACH A Tale of Lichtenstein and Solgau. By H. C. Bailey. Crown 8vo, cloth, ornamental, $1.50. “This new novel by the author of My Lady of Orange' deals with events in two German principalities during the latter part of the Thirty Years' War. Vicomte de Turenne, Father Joseph, and other leading personages of the time, are important and active characters in the story.' LONGMANS, GREEN & CO., 93 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK 1908.) 173 THE DIAL Some of Henry Holt & Holt & Co.'s Spring Books The Triumph of Count Ostermann. By GRAHAM HOPE. 12mo, $1.50. The love story of Peter the Great's German prime minister. In the opening chapter a vivid picture is given of the semi-barbarous people that the great Czar was to mold into one of the leading nations of the earth. Peter, dissolute and violent, but glorified by his will and noble purpose, is strongly drawn. Along with Ostermann's experiences with his patrician wife is sketched his brave struggle to continue Peter's work in spite of the panier rulers that followed. 60 9 A Summer in New York. By EDWARD W. TOWNSEND, author of "Chimmie Fadden.” 12mo, $1.25. His cheery humor strongly characterizes this new " love story told in letters," but its characters are largely of the smart set," and far removed from “ Chimmie.” The heroine and some others who figure in the story come from the great spaces outside the Metropolis, and increase the breeziness of the tale. The idea of these people making holiday in the city in the dog days is certainly a novel one. The characters and scenes are sketched in a few telling lines. The tower of the Madison Square Garden bathed in moonlight adorns the cover, while the illustrated chapter heads emphasize the local color. Lord Leonard, the Luckless. By W. E. NORRIS. 12mo, $1.60. A now novel by the author of those truly great novels, “Matrimony" and "No Now Thing." The book is in a mo serious vein than even they, and impressively tells a story that a less able writer would have been liable to make sensa- tional. Some of the episodes are decidedly tragic, but Mr. Norris's humor does not desert him, and is used in effective contrast. more The Princess of Hanover. By MARGARET L. WOODS, author of "A Village Tragedy." 12mo, $1.50 net (postage 7 cents). Thomas Hardy calls this play "the book I have read with most interest and pleasure in the year." The London Times said: “It reminds us at every turn of some of the best of Elizabethan dramatists." Tioba. By ARTHUR W. COLTON. With a frontispiece by A. B. Frost. 12mo, $1.25. Eleven tales presenting a gallery of very variod Americans. Mr. Colton's sympathy and descriptive power are nota- blo, he has the saving grace of humor, and makes us think well of our fellow men. Tioba was a mountain which meant well but was mistaken. Other stories concern a country deacon and a Bowery boy at the battle of Fredericksburg, a tragedy in a meadow, in which it appears that death and sorrow are not less largo because the actors are somewhat small; a comedy of the falling in with certain outcasts of one who was unworldly; a return to the old home of childhood. In another, two friends of Conlon the Strong sit at the bedside of that violent politician, and observe more things than they can account for. & bate; Red-Headed Gill. By RYB OWEN. 12mo, $1.60. A very original story. The characters and scones are strong, interesting and often beautiful; and there is withal a very saving sense of humor. Red-Headed Gill is a splendid young country gentlewoms oman of Cornwall. Under a weird East Indian influence she is forced to live over again part of the life of a court beauty of the days of Queen Bess - the famous Gill Red-Head. Money and Banking. By PROF. WILLIAM A. SCOTT. $2.00 net. Written in a plain, str tforward manner, intelligible to the general reader. Variations in Animals and Plants. By DR. H. M. VERNON. 12mo, $1.75 net (postage 13 ots.). A treatise on biological variations and their relation to Darwinism, which will appeal to others as well as to specialists. Tarde's Laws of Imitation. Translated by ELSIE CLEWS PARSONS, Ph.D. (In Press.) The publishers are able to assure the scientific world, which has shown some impatience over the delay, that the book is at last in the printer's hands. The Regency of Marie de Medici. By ARTHUR POWER LORD, with illustrations from old portraits. (In Press.) 3d Edition, with a new final chapter, of the charming auto- mobile romance. The Lightning Conductor. $1.50. 2d Impression of those remarkable parodies of contemporary authors. Borrowed Plumes. $1.25. 29 WEST 23d STREET, NEW YORK 174 1 THE DIAL (March 16, . HARPER'S APRIL PUBLICATIONS The Triumph of Life By WILLIAM FARQUHAR PAYSON, Author of "John Vytal” A story essentially of modern life. It tells of the struggles of a young writer, Enoch Lloyd, with what seems to be financial success at the price of moral failure. There are two women in the case, the two opposing influences. One is Céleste Moreau, the worldly, mocking daughter of a French hotel-keeper; the other is Marion Lee, daughter of Lloyd's publisher. His struggle between these two influences--the one demoralizing, the other ennobling—is worked out through many intricacies of plot, and only after a series of intense dramatic situations, such as are found in stories of vivid strength, does he emerge triumphant from the final crisis. Ornamented Cloth, $1.50 1 The Bishop Household Accounts - By CYRUS TOWNSEND BRADY Author of “An Apostle of the Plains" Stories of a militant unmarried bishop, whose work among the rough-and- ready men of Western camps, forts, and villages results in his sharing in many incidents of frontier life—comedy, trag- edy, always drama. He is a distinct American product, planted by the Church and grown in Western soil. His life is full of activity of the best kind, and he is a man you have to re- spect. He has many experiences, some amusing, some thrilling, and these sto- ries afford excellent pictures of life in the roughest parts of the West. Illustrated. Ornamented Cloth, $1.50 By CHARLES WALDO HASKINS Late Dean and Professor of Auditing and of the History of Accountancy in the School of Commerce, Accounts, and Finance of New York University A hand book of family finance. Its object is to save housekeepers time, money, and worry, by showing them the practical, easy way of keeping sim- ple accounts. It requires no previous knowledge of bookkeeping. Its style is conversational and clear, and readily understood. Arranged with tables, etc., it makes a perfectly clear exposition of the best possible way of keeping fam- ily accounts, and will commend itself especially to women who do not like to be troubled with intricate calculations. 16mo, Cloth, $1.00 net (postage extra) HARPER & BROTHERS, FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK MARK TWAIN'S “CHRISTIAN “ CHRISTIAN SCIENCE” Address orders to THE NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW, Franklin Sq., New York 1903.) 175 THE DIAL THE MASTER OF WARLOCK By GEORGE CARY EGGLESTON. Brooklyn Times says: “Like all Mr. Eggleston's stories, the atmosphere is clean and whole- some, the sentiment pure. It is an eminently readable story, whose characters are amiable, gentle folk.” $1.50, postpaid. THE THE SPENDERS CAPTAIN By Harry Leon Wilson. Mark Twain says: « It cost me my day yesterday. You owe me $400. But never mind, I forgive you for the book's sake." $1.50, postpaid. By CHURCHILL Williams. General Grant in fiction. Balti- more Sun says: « The best novel of its period that has ever been written.” $1.50, postpaid. A SOCIAL COCKATRICE By F. W. ELDRIDGE. A prominent and powerful society novel, with a heroine who climbs to social position upon the wrecks of the men who love her. $1.50, postpaid. WITHIN CLI CLIVE DEN THE LIFE By an ANONYMOUS AUTHOR. A Christian Science Novel. New York Herald says: « The book is not to be classed with ordinary fiction.” $1.50, postpaid. By Kenyon West. A romance of the American Revo- lution, the scene in the famous Chew House at Germantown. $1.50, postpaid. E X IT S A N D M E S S A G E E N T R ANCES AND MELODY By CHARLES WARREN STODDARD, By RICHARD BURTON. author of the “South Sea Idyls." This book of poems is the fourth A volume of essays containing two that Mr. Burton has issued, and poems by Bret Harte and R. L. contains his latest and most mature Stevenson, hitherto unpublished. work in the lyric and ballad vein. Price, $1.25 net (postage 14 cents Price, $1.00 net (postage 10 cents extra). extra). LOTHROP PUBLISHING COMPANY, BOSTON 176 [March 16, THE DIAL SMALL GREAT BOOKS POCKET EDITIONS OF Dickens-Thackeray-Scott Printed on NELSON'S INDIA PAPER— the thinnest printing paper in the world. By using this paper it is possible to condense 950 pages into a single volume no thicker than a magazine. The size is only 41 x 64 inches, and fits the pocket. Each novel is complete in a single volume. The type is as large and easily read as that you are now reading. THE NEW CENTURY LIBRARY editions of these great works are the neatest, most convenient and readable ever published, and make choice library sets. DICKENS, 17 Vols.; THACKERAY, 14 Vols.; SCOTT, 25 Vols. Handsomely bound in the following styles : Cloth, gilt top, $1.00 a volume; Leather Limp, gilt top, $1.25 a volume; Leather Boards, gilt edges, $1.50 a volume. Also sets in cases in special fine bindings. Selected Works of the Best Authors. Complete in Single Volumes. BUNYAN. The Pilgrim's Progress, The Holy War ADVENTURES OF DON QUIXOTE. Cervantes. and Grace Abounding. Cloth, $1.00; Venetian Translated from Spanish. Cloth, $1.00; Leather Morocco Limp, $1.50. Limp, $1.50. LAST DAYS OF POMPEII. By Lord Lytton. TENNYSON. The Poetical Works (1830–1859) of Cloth, $1.00; Leather Limp, $1.50. Alfred Lord Tennyson. Cloth, $1.00; Leather TOM BURKE OF “OURS.” By Charles Lever. Limp, $1.50. Cloth, $1.00; Leather Limp, $1.50. CARLYLE. The French Revolution. Cloth, gilt top, WESTWARD HO! By Charles Kingsley. Cloth, $1.00; Leather Limp, gilt edges, $1.50. gilt top, frontispiece, $1.00; Leather Limp, gilt top, frontispiece, $1.50. BURNS. The Poems and Songs of Robert Burns. JANE EYRE. By Charlotte Brontë. Cloth, gilt top, Cloth, gilt top, $1.25; Leather Limp, gilt edges, frontispiece, $1.00; Leather Limp, gilt top, frontis- $1.75. piece, $1.50. OTHER VOLUMES IN PREPARATION “It sheds a glare of light upon many obscure verses in the King James version." The American Standard Edition of the REVISED BIBLE is being accepted wherever the English language is spoken. This is the only edition authorized by the American Revision Committee, whose attestation appears on the back of the title page. “The standard translation of the Bible for the English-speaking world." --- Sunday School Times. " The most excellent translation of the Holy Scriptures ever published in the English tongue." - The Interior. With references and topical headings prepared by the revisers. Long Primer, 4to, White Paper Edition, prices, $1.50 to $9.00. Long Primer, 4to, Nelson's India Paper Edition, prices, $6.00 to $18.00. SMALLER EDITION JUST PUBLISHED, AS FOLLOWS: Bourgeois, 8vo, White Paper Edition, prices, $1.00 to $7.00. Bourgeois, 8vo, Nelson's India Paper Edition, prices, $4.00 to $9.00. Revised New Testament, Minion, 32mo, prices, 55 cts. to $2.50. For sale by all leading booksellers, or sent postpaid on receipt of price. Send for catalogue to THOMAS NELSON & SONS, Publishers, 37-41 E. Eighteenth Street, New York 1908.) 177 THE DIAL New Amsterdam Book Company's Spring List JOE MILLER'S COMPLETE JEST BOOK. Being a Complete Collection of the Wittiest Sayings, the Most Brilliant Jests and the Subtlest Repartee of the Men who have Made History. With an Introduction and an Index by Andrew G. Dickinson, JR. Two volumes, with two photogravures, cloth, gilt tops, $1.25 net per volume. NOTE.-Large Paper Edition limited to 250 numbered copies with the photogravures on India paper. $3.00 net per volume. THE TRAIL OF THE GRAND SEIGNEUR. By Olin L. LYMAN. With superb drawings in colors, by J. Steeple Davis and Clare Angell. Cloth, $1.50. The Publishers are confident that this novel will not only be one of the most successful books of the year, but will also take place in the front rank among the acknowledged American master works of Fiction. It is not often that the Publishers wax so enthu- siastic over a story, but The Trail of the Grand Seigneur" takes hold in a manner simply irresistible. THE MAHONEY MILLION. By Charles TownsEND. Illustrated by Clare Angell ; frontispiece is in tint. Cloth, $1.25. The scene is laid in the old Greenwich section of the lower west side of New York City. Michael Mahoney, his saucily charming daughter Kitty, and Mrs. Mahoney are the principal characters in the quaint little comedy. The aspirations of Mrs. Ma- honey for a society life after Mahoney has found oil in his Pennsylvania land, the quiet irony of Mahoney, who has plenty of “hard, common sense " and the affairs of Kitty furnish the action. The story is most interesting and full of wit and humor. CHESS OPENINGS, ANCIENT AND MODERN. By E. FREEBOROUGH and Rev. C. E. RANKIN. A new and cheaper edition printed from new plates and containing all the diagrams. Cloth, $1.50 net. & BOOK OF CURIOUS FACTS OF GENERAL INTEREST Relating to almost Everything Under the Sun. Compiled by Don Lemon. Edited by Henry WILLIAMS. With a complete index. 12mo, cloth, bound in a similar style to “ Four Hundred Laughs,” 75 cents. a POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE UNITED STATES, THEIR HISTORY AND INFLUENCE. From the Adoption of the Constitution to the Accession of Theodore Roosevelt to the Presidency, and the Close of the LVIſth Congress, July 2, 1902. By JACOB HARRIS Patton, M.A., Ph.D., author of “A Concise History of the American People," " Politi- cal Economy for American Youth," etc. New and revised edition. With a complete index. Bound in silk cloth, $1.25. New Volumes in the Commonwealth Library. A JOURNAL OF VOYAGES AND TRAVELS IN THE INTERIOR OF NORTH AMERICA, Between the 47th and 58th Degrees of N. Lat., Extending from Montreal Nearly to the Pacific, a Distance of about 5,000 miles, Including an Account of the Principal Occurences During a Residence of 19 Years in Different Parts of the Country. By DANIEL WILLIAMS Harmon, a Partner in the Northwest Company. With photogravure portrait and map. Post Svo, cloth, gilt top, $1.00 net. THE WILD NORTHLAND. Being the Story of a Winter Journey With Dog, Across Northern North America. By Gen. SiR WILLIAM Francis BUTLER, K. C. B., author of “The Great Lone Land," “Life of General Gordon,' With a Route Map Post 8vo, cloth, gilt top, $1.00 net. etc. THE LIFE AND VOYAGES OF AMERICUS VESPUCIUS. With illustrations concerning the Navigator and the Discovery of the New World. By C. EDWARDS LESTER, U. S. Consul to Genoa, 1845 ; assisted by Andrew Foster. With photogravure portrait. Post 8vo, cloth, gilt top, $1.00 net. SPECIAL NOTE.-A Large Paper Edition of these various titles in the Commonwealth Library, limited to 210 numbered copies on Dutch hand-made paper, with portraits on India paper, may be purchased at $3.00 net per volume. New amsterdam Book Company, Publishers, 156 Fifth Ave., New York 178 [March 16, THE DIAL THREE IMPORTANT NEW BOOKS A Book for All Good Citizens. A Remarkable Work of Scrip- tural and Metaphysical Study. The Blow From Behind A Defense of the Flag in the Philippines. Spiritual Evolution or Regeneration By FRED C.CHAMBERLIN, LL.B. 12mo. Cloth, about 200 pages. Price, $1.00 net. Postpaid, $1.10. The Most Popular Juvenile of the Season. Young Explorers of the Isthmus Or, American Boys in Central America. Third volume of Pan-American series. By EDWARD STRATEMEYER. Illus- trated by A. B. Shute. Cloth, with gold and colors, 310 pages. Price, $1.00 net. Postpaid, $1.12. In this new volume the five young men, already so well known, land at Greytown, Nicaragua. They explore the proposed canal route up to Lake Nicaragua, stopping at many points of interest. They journey down the lake coast and go thence into Costa Rica. At Limon they take a steamer across the Mosquito Gulf to Colon (Aspinwall), and finish their in- teresting journey by a trip across the Isthmus to Panama, considering the other and, at present, favorite canal route. They are drawn into some exciting times and something of mystery, but quick wit and manliness under the direction of their admirable friend and guide, Professor Strong, bring them safely through. A connected series of Metaphysical Essays, based on the Genesis account of Creation, and on the Life of Jesus the Christ. By R. C. DOUGLASS. 12mo. Cloth, gold stamped, gilt top, 350 pages. Price, $1.20 net. Post- paid, $1.30. The author is a close Bible student, a strong metaphysical reasoner and independent thinker, who has studied deeply into the spiritual meanings of the Scriptures. As a writer and lecturer he is favorably known in metaphysical circles. some ten years ago he came before the public in a modest way, as the Associate Editor of “Unity," a metaphysical magazine published in Kansas City by Charles Fillmore. Here, for several years, he wrote the spiritual interpretation of the S. 8. Lessons, in which he showed himself to be a man of spiritual attain. ments and ability, winning universal favor with the readers of that magazine. This has been called the most effective reply to the traducers of our army, and the clearest and most logical statement of our whole Eastern problem yet laid before the public. Great interest centers around the refutation of favorite Anti-Imperialistic arguments. All that merit answering are met with authority. Mr. Chamberlin has been most careful in look- ing up matters of international law and is on sure ground throughout. His style is free from the dryness usually to be expected on such subjects. LEE & SHEPARD :: Publishers :: BOSTON . “ It is not easy to think of any book published for many years that is likely to make a greater sensation than this work." — DAILY MAIL. HUMAN PERSONALITY AND ITS SURVIVAL OF BODILY DEATH By FREDERIC W. H. MYERS Edited by RICHARD HODGSON and ALICE JOHNSON Two vols., 8vo. Vol. I., pp. xlvi-700. Vol. II., pp. XX-660. $12.00 net. By Express or Mail, $12.50. 1 CONTENTS: Vol. I. Preface - Editorial Note - Glossary – Explanation of Plan of Arrangement and System of References — Syllabuses — Chap. I. Introduction - Chap. II. Disintegrations of Personality – III. Genius – IV. Sleep – V. Hypnotism – VI. Sensory Automatism — Appendices (cases, etc.) to Chapter II. – Appendices (cases, etc.) to Chapter IV.- Appendices (cases, etc.) to Chapter V.- Appendices (cases, etc.) to Chapter VI. – Vol. II. Syllabuses — Chap. VII. Phantasms of the Dead – VIII. Motor Automatism - Chap. IX. Trance, Possession, and Ecstasy -- Chap. X. Epilogue — Appendices (cases, etc.) to Chapter VII. – Appendices (cases, etc.) to Chapter VIII. - Appendices (cases, etc.) to Chapter IX. - Index. “No words of ours, nothing short of the study of the volumes from end to end, will convey an idea of the wide research, the wealth of old and new learning, of the profound philosophic grasp, of the almost eerie insight, and of the, at times, celestially soaring language with which the great theme is handled." – Christian World. " Full of most fascinating stories of extra-normal' or 'supernatural' events — to every reader who really cares to know what science has to say on the question of a future life.” – Daily Mail. a LONGMANS, GREEN & CO., PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK 1903.) 179 THE DIAL Little, Brown, & Co.'s Spring Books , & NOVELS. 12mo, illustrated, $1.50 each. THE DOMINANT STRAIN. By ANNA CHAPIN RAY, author of “ Teddy : Her Book,” etc. The story of a woman who married a man to reform him. Illus- trated in color. A ROSE OF NORMANDY. By William R. A. WILSON. The romance of Henri de Tonti, La Salle's faithful lieutenant. A DETACHED PIRATE. By HELEN MILECETE. A misunderstanding, a divorce, and a reconciliation furnish the theme of this clever society novel. Illustrated in color. THE SIEGE OF YOUTH. By FRANCES CHARLES, author of “In the Country God Forgot” (4th Edition). A story dealing with art, journalism, and human nature. BARBARA, A WOMAN OF THE WEST. By JOHN H. WHITSON. A virile American novel, the action taking place in the West. THE SPOILS OF EMPIRE. By FRANCIS NEWTON THORPE. A brilliant romance of the Conquest of Mexico and the Spanish Inquisition. LOVE THRIVES IN WAR. By Mary CATHERINE CROWLEY. An absorbing romance of the War of 1812 by the popular author of "A Daughter of New France” and “ The Heroine of the Strait." C SARAH TULDON. By ORME ANGUS, author of “ Jan Oxber,” etc. A powerful story of an English peasant girl. THE WARS OF PEACE. By A. F. WILSON. A skilfully constructed industrial novel, dealing with a great trust, with abundant love interest. OTHER SPRING BOOKS. Nuttall's Birds. A Popular Handbook of the Birds of the United States and Canada. New edition, Revised and Annotated by MONTAGUE CHAMBERLAIN. One volume, with 20 colored plates and other illustrations. 8vo, $3.00. In and Around the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River in Arizona. By GEORGE WHARTON JAMES. "New Tourist Edition. Illustrated. 8vo, $2.50. Salads, Sandwiches, and Chafing Dish Dainties. By Janet MACKENZIE Hill. New and enlarged edition, fully illustrated. 12mo, $1.50. Written in Florence. The last verses of Hugh Mc Culloch, author of “The Quest of Heracles.” I 2mo, $1.25 net. Little, Brown, & Co., Publishers, Boston, Wass. 180 [March 16, THE DIAL G. P. Putnam's Sons' Spring Books CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS His Life, His Work, His Remains, as revealed by original Prints and Manuscript Records, together with an Essay on Peter Martyr of Anghera, and Bartol- omé de las Casas, the First Historians of America. By John Boyd THACHER, author of "The Continent of America,” “The Cabotian Discovery,” etc. Three volumes, royal 8vo, comprising about 2000 pages. Containing some 300 plates, which comprise por- traits, reproductions in facsimile of manuscripts, views, and maps. Very handsomely printed and bound. Volume I., net, $9.00. Sold in sets only. No single work of greater or even of equal importance has been published on this subject, save the unconnected papers in the Raccolta issued by the Italian Government. This work is a whole library of Columbian literature in itself. & The Life and Times of Georg Joachim Goschen Publisher and Printer of Leipzig, 1752-1829. With Ex- tracts from his Correspondence with Goethe, Schiller, Klopstock, Wieland, Körner, and many other Leading Authors aud Men of Letters of the Time. By his Grandson, Viscount GOSCHEN. Two volumes. 8vo. With 14 photogravure, 3 lithograph and 27 other Illus- trations. Net, $12.00. The Great Siberian Railway From St. Petersburg to Pekin. By MICHAEL MEYERS SHOEMAKER, author of “The Islands of the Southern Seas," etc. 8vo. Fully illustrated. Net, $2.00. The record of a journey taken during the spring of 1902 over this first great enterprise of the Twentieth Century. The writer has endeavored to place himself in the position of the Russians and to give their ideas upon their greatest work. Augustus Cæsar And the Organization of the Empire of Rome. By J. B. FIRTH, B.A. No. 35 in Heroes of the Nations. 12mo. Fully illustrated. Net, $1.35. Half leather, net, $1.60 (postage 15 cents). A clear account of what Augustus achieved in the establish- ment of the Roman Empire, and at the same time a picture of the man in so far as he reveals himself by his actions. Anthology of Russian Literature From the Earliest Times to the Present Day. By LEO WIENER, Assistant Professor of Slavic Lan- guages, Harvard University. In two parts, each complete in itself and indexed. Part I. From the earliest times to the close of the Eigh- teenth Century. Part II. The Nineteenth Century. Each 8vo, net, $3.00 (postage 25 cents). "Should stand on the shelves of every library." - The Nation. Contemporary France By GABRIEL HANOTAUX. Translated by JOHN CHARLES TARVER, M.A. To be completed in four volumes, each volume covering a complete and definite period. dvo, with Portraits. Each, net, $2,50. Vol. I , France in 1870-1873, Diplomatist, historian, and member of the French Academy, M. Gabriel Hanotaux is one of the most conspicuous politicians and men of affairs in France at the present day. His work is a record of the inner diplomacy of the Great Powers of Europe during the last thirty years. 9 Penal Servitude By W. B. N. Being an Account of the Prison Experiences of Lord William Newell. 12mo, $1.50 net. The story of prison life written from actual ex- perience. AMERICAN POLITICS I. The American Republic and Its Government II. Political Parties & Party Problems in the United States By JAMES ALBERT WOODBURN, Professor of American History and Politics, Indiana University. Two Volumes, 8vo. Each complete in itself and indexed. Per volume, $2.00 net. These companion volumes are designed for advanced courses in Civics, and also for the use of the average Ameri- can citizen, who will not fail to find full of interest these studies in government and politics. SEND FOR FULL ANNOUNCEMENT LIST New York G. P. Putnam's Sons London 1903.) 181 THE DIAL SPRING IS COMING New Letters and Memorials of Jane Welsh Carlyle 1 2mo. ZOLA'S New Novel FINISHED Just Before His Death. Truth Truth Truth TRANSLATED BY E. A. VIZETELLY. $1.50. Just Out. Second Edition on the Press. Tenth Thousand. This novel is the third of the group called “The Four Evangelists." Its plot is virtually a resetting of the celebrated Dreyfus case. The story sustains from cover to cover the reader's excitement and interest in a vivid dramatic situation. The Baltimore Sur says : “ A strong book; a fear- fully strong book; the strongest novel Zola produced. A COLLECTION OF Hitherto UNPUBLISHED LETTERS. EDITED, WITH AN INTRODUCTION, BY SIR JAMES CRICHTON BROWNE Profusely illustrated in photogravure and lithography from hitherto unreproduced originals. In two volumes. Buckram. 8vo. $5.00 net. Mrs. Carlyle's letters are introduced and annotated with Thomas Carlyle's own characteristic tender com- ments, and entirely subvert James Froude's theories of their domestic relations. A New Novel by MRS. WILFRID WARD The Light Behind $1.50. Just Out. Mrs. Ward's previous novel, “One Poor Scruple," was a deft handling of one of the problems presented by Roman Catholic influence on modern society An Interesting Study by EDMUND J. CARPENTER The American Advance A Study in Territorial Expansion, with a map showing the growth of the United States of America from the beginning to the present day. 8vo. $2.50 net. Just Rearly By the same author : “America in Hawi." 12mo. A New Novel by DORA GREENWELL McCHESNEY Cornet Strong Of Ireton's Horse AN EPISODE OF THE IRONSIDES. $1.50. Just Out. Illustrated by MAURICE GREIFFENHAGEN. By the author of “ Beatrix Infelix,' Rupert, by the Grace of God," etc., etc. A New Nature-book by CHARLES GOODRICH WHITING Walks in New England With 24 Full-page Illustrations from Photographs Large 12mo. $1.50 net. The same author's charming volume, « The Saun- terer," together with the well-known columns in the Springfield Republican, make Mr. Whiting familiar to readers as a poet and essayist drawing his inspiration from Nature, I 2 mo. Á New Series of OUT-DOOR Books is being pub- lished by John Lane, called The Country Handbooks A New Rendering of The Rubaiyat of Umar Khaiyam By FREDERICK BARON CORVO Done into English from the French of J. B. Nicolas, with introduction by Nathan Haskell Dole. Printed page for page with the French text. In two colours. Boards. $2.50 net. Edited by Harry Roberts, Editor of “ Handbooks of Practical Gardening,” etc., etc. 1 2mo. Limp cloth, $1.00 net. Limp leather, $1.20 net. The following volumes shortly: Vol. I. The Tramp's Hand- Vol. IV, The Bird Book. book. Vol. V. The Tree Book. Vol. II. The Motor Book. Vol. VI. The Woman Out of Vol. III. The Still Room. Doors. 12mo. JOHN LANE THE BODLEY HEAD 67 FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK 182 [March 16, THE DIAL LIPPINCOTT BOOKS FOR EARLY SPRING By PROF. ANGELO HEILPRIN, F.R.G.S. Mont Pelee and the Tragedy of Martinique The first complete account of the catastrophic events of the island. There are nearly forty full-page plates, made up in greater part of reproductions from photographs taken by Prof. Heilprin himself. Many of these reveal the volcano in its climax of eruption. Seventy illustrations. Large 8vo, 370 pages, clo., $3.00 net. Postage extra. By WILLIAM ELEROY CURTIS, Author of "The True Thomas Jefferson." The True Abraham Lincoln The most recent addition to the "True Biographies" which have won such wide popularity and distinct success for their presentation of great Americans in an intimate and at the same time digpified form. His picture of Lincoln is singularly interesting and suggestive. 24 illustrations. 8vo, decorated cloth, $2.00 net. Postage extra. By HORACE HOWARD FURNESS, Jr. Macbeth. Revised Edition. The first volume to bear the name of Horace Howard Furness, Jr., in collaboration with that of Horace Howard Furness, his father. The most recent addition to the Variorum Edition of Shakespeare's plays. The notes have been revised. A collocation of texts is included in the volume. Frontispiece. 8vo, cloth, $4.00 net. Postage extra. By MARCUS R. P. DORMAN, M.A. A History of the British Empire in the Nineteenth Century The first of four volumes which deals authoritatively with that period of English history between the outbreak of the war with France and the death of Pitt (1793-1806). The remaining volumes will be issued as rapidly as pos- sible. To be complete in four volumes. Volume I. Illustrated. 8vo, cloth $4.00 net. ) By, W. JAY MILLS, Author of "Historic Houses of New Jersey." Through the Gates of Old Romance COVERS the early life of all the colonies. Collected from many out-of-the-way sources, facts and figures of real life charmingly interwoven in a web of romance. Lavishly illustrated by John Rae. Illustrated. 8vo, decorated cloth, $1.50 net. Postage extra. By CLARENCE M. WEED and NED DEARBORN. Birds in Their Relations to Man A MANUAL of economic ornithology for the United States and Canada. Intended to cover the ground comprehen- sively and to furnish the most recent data. A book for the non-technical as well as the technical reader. Illustrated. 8vo, cloth, $2.50 net. Postage extra. Edited by W.JAY MILLS. Glimpses of Colonial Society and Life at Princeton College, 1766–1773 By one of the Class of 1763. Notes and observations by a contemporary, a member of the class of 1763 — William Patterson, one-time Governor of New Jersey. Arranged with a view to explaining and supplementing each other. Illustrated. 8vo, cloth, $2.00 net. Postage extra. By A. MAYNARD BARBOUR, “Author of "That Mainwaring Affair." At the Time Appointed A STORY of mystery which promises to exceed in popu- larity the clever detective story, " THAT MAINWARING AFFAIR," by the same author, which has passed through eight editions. The writer piques interest with a situation at once novel and apparently simple of explanation, but which holds interest to the very last page. Illustrated. 12mo, decorated cloth, $1.50. By GEORGE MOORE, Author of “Sister Teresa." The Untilled Field MR. MOORE in his most matured and in many respects most brilliant imaginative writing. Mr. Moore has been as widely discussed as any writer of English fiction in many years. 12mo, decorated cloth. $1.50. By VANCE THOMPSON. Spinners of Life Will surprise and appeal to the appetite for the esoteric. A modern novel of New York club and society life in the very best sense of the word. Mr. Thompson's short stories are widely known. Illustrated by E. M. Ashe and Roland Kirby. 12mo, decorated cloth, $1.50. By MABELL SHIPPIE CLARKE PELTON. A Tar-Heel Baron In the figure of the Baron himself, Mrs. Pelton has come very close to creating a new character. The Baron - tender, courteous, without fear, and proud to his finger tipg-makes a strange figure in the North Carolina country, where he wins his way. Illustrated by E. S. Holloway. 12mo, decorated cloth, $1.50. By G. G. CHISHOLM. Europe — Volume II. The concluding volume of perbaps the most widely known and successful library of its kind — STANFORD'S COMPEN- DIUM OF GEOGRAPHY AND TRAVEL. It deals with the Northwestern part of the continent of Europe. Illustrated. Large crown 8vo, cloth, $5,50 net. ) By LOUIS Becke, Author of “By Reef and Palm," " Yorke the Adventurer," " Breachley-Black Sheep," etc. The Strange Adventures of James Shervinton Illustrated, 8vo, cloth, $1.50. By JOHN STRANGE WINTER, Author of "The Peacemakers," “ Heart and Sword," "Blaze of Glory." Marty 12mo, decorated cloth, $1.25. Publishers :: J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY :: Philadelphia 1903.) 183 THE DIAL A SELECTION FROM Houghton, Mifflin & Company's Spring List HISTORY AMERICAN DIPLOMACY IN THE ORIENT By John W. Foster, author of " A Century of American Diplomacy." "A noteworthy contribution to diplomatic history. Its patriotic yet judicial tone, its easy and dignified style, and its comprehensive survey of the whole field give it lasting value."— Chicago Record-Herald. 8vo, $3 00 net ; postpaid, $3.20. TEXAS YOUNG PEOPLE'S HISTORY (In the American Commonwealth Series.) OF HOLLAND By George P. Garrison. By William Elliot Griffis, D.D. The interesting account of the stirring events which have marked How a very little country overcame great obstacles, and became Texan history. With map and facsimile letter. 16mo, $1.10 net 80 great a power in the world. Wustrated. Crown 8vo, $1.50 net (postage extra). (postage extra). NATURE AND ART TRUE BIRD STORIES THE FLOWER BEAUTIFUL From My Note Books. By Clarence M. Weed. By Olive Thorne Miller. Mrs. Miller is particularly successful in interesting young people An original and suggestive book on the decorative use of flowers, in the study of birds, and this new book is in her best style.mus- thoroughly practical, and rich in illustration. With 60 half-tone trated by Fuertes, and with a colored frontispiece. 12mo. illustrations. 8vo. FICTION THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR THE MANNERINGS By Guy Wetmore Carryl. By Alice Brown. A present-day story of political life in the coal regions. $1.50. A double love story, whose scene is laid at a charming country house. $1.50. JOHN PERCYFIELD A SPECTRE OF POWER By C. Hanford Henderson. An idyllic love story. $1.50 By Charles Egbert Craddock. A novel of love and adventure in the Tennessee mountains. $1 50. THE LEGATEE A DAUGHTER OF THE PIT By Alice Prescott Smith. By Margaret Doyle Jackson. A novel giving vivid pictures of life in a Wisconsin lumber town. $1 50. Colliery life in an English mining town - a novel of compelling interest. $1.50. THE LOG OF A COWBOY TRENT'S TRUST By Andy Adams. By Bret Harle. The author tells of thrilling adventure as a cowboy. $1.50. A volume of new short stories. 16mo, $1.25. BIOGRAPHY AND ESSAYS WILLIAM ELLERY CHANNING PHILLIPS BROOKS By John White Chadwick. By William Lawrence, Bishop of Massachusetts The career of the great Liberal leader is drawn with a sure A study of Phillips Brooks's permanent contribution to the touch and full mastery of material. With two photogravure por- religious thought and life of the time. 16mo, 50 cents nel; Easter traits. Crown 8vo, $1.75 net; postpaid, $1 88. Edition, 60 cents net (postage 5 cents on both editions). THE ENJOYMENT OF ART AIDS TO THE STUDY OF DANTE By Carleton Noyes. By Charles A. Dinsmore. A book setting forth in simple, uutechnical fashion, the nature The purpose of this book is to gather into one volume the best and the meaning of a work of art. Crown 8vo. that has been written about the great Florentine poet. 12mo. POETRY COMPLETE POETICAL WORKS OF POPE THE POETS OF TRANSCENDENTALISM Cambridge Edition, Edited by George Willis Cooke. Edited by Henry W. Boynton. The first anthology of the poetry produced during the rise of With Portrait, Notes, Biographical Sketch, and Indexes. the transcendental movement. Large crown 8vo, $2.00 net (postage Large crown 8vo, $2 00. extra). AN IMPORTANT WORK LETTERS TO WASHINGTON Ediled by Stanislaus M. Hamilton. Published for the Colonial Dames of America. The letters cover a period from 1752 to 1775, and are from men of different historical importance, but all are of positive value to students of history. Large crown 8vo, each $5 00 net. The set, $25.00 net. (Volume V. published last autumn.) Houghton, Mifflin & Company, Boston and New York 184 (March 16, THE DIAL SHAKSPERE AND HIS FORERUNNERS Studies in Elizabethan Poetry and its Development from Early English By SIDNEY LANIER CONTENTS HE author's aim here is to present U Shakspere as the crowning glory and culmination of the most marvel- ous literary efflorescence the world has known. In order to do this adequately he gives first a most suggestive survey of the beginnings of English poetry; and then, after an elaborate treatment of the sonnet writers from Surrey to Shakspere, he takes up in detail the study of the man, William Shakspere, the social life which surrounded him, and his mental and spirit- ual evolution as shown by the growth of From the existing evidence, and the “relation of man to his fellow man in the various plays, Mr. Lanier constructs a probable sequence and grouping of the great master's work which bears largely upon its face the story of the man's own life struggle and mighty conquest of himself. Much of the best prose work Mr. Lanier left is contained in these two volumes. I THE ELIZABETHAN WRITERS- The Formal Side of Poetry. II THE SUPERNATURAL in Early Eng. lish and in Shakspere: Address of the Soul to the Dead Body compared with Hamler. III NATURE in Early English and in Shak spere: Beowulf and Midsummer Night's Dream. IV SOME BIRDS of English Poetry: The Phenix of Cynewulf and of Shakspere, and Dunbar's T wa Douws. V WOMEN of English Poetry Down to Shakspere: St. Juliana and Love's La- bour Lost. VI THE WIFE of Middle English Poetry. VII-X SONNET-MAKERS from Surrey to Shak spere. XI-XII PRONUNCIATION of Shakspere's Time. (With illustrations from The Two Gentlemen of Verona.) XIII-XIV MUSIC of Shakspere's Time. XV-XVIII DOMESTIC LIFE of Shak- spere's Time. XIX THE DOCTORS of Shakspere's Time. XX-XXI OROWTH OF SHAKSPERE'S TECHNICAL ART. XXII-XXIV SHAKSPERE'S SPIRIT- UAL DEVELOPMENT. his art. Size, 7x 10; 2 volumes, about 400 pages each; illustrations, about 100; binding, cloth; set by DeVinne; price, net, $10.00. Holiday edition ; three-quarters morocco; net, $20.00 Edition de Luxe; 102 numbered copies on large paper, only a few copies left; net, $25.00. Send for our complete descriptive catalogue. DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO., 34 Union Square, East, New York 1903.) 185 THE DIAL THE PIT By FRANK NORRIS The best-selling book in the United States. (Price, $1.50.) Second Large Printing Before Publication. Journeys End By JUSTUS MILES FORMAN This entertaining romance of modern New York life has met with immediate success. Young Calthrop, with his embarrassment of riches in the matter of heroines, presents a problem in human nature that makes exceedingly good reading. (Illustrated by Anderson, $1.50.) Helen Keller's Autobiography. The Story of My Life An extraordinary narrative of great human and educational interest ; with selections from Miss Keller's letters, a study of her by John Albert Macy, assisted by her teacher, Miss Sullivan; and 20 portraits, views, and facsimiles. (Price, net, $1.50.) Second Large Printing Ready. The Woman Who Toils A record of actual experiences as factory workers by Mrs. JOHN VAN VORST and MARIE VAN VORST, with a prefatory letter from Theodore Roosevelt. A book which has created a real sensation and aroused endless discussion here and in England. (Illustrated, net, $1.50.) The Conquering of Kate By “ J. P. M.” Author of “A Journey to Nature," "Tangled up in Beulah Land,” “The Making of a Country Home,” etc. A fresh and charming love story dealing with the fortunes of two beautiful sisters and their family estate in Southern Pennsylvania. (With frontispiece by Anderson, $1.50.) a The Wind in the Rose-Bush By MARY E. WILKINS-FREEMAN Mrs. Freeman has won success in many literary fields, but this volume represents still a new achievement: a series of New England ghost-stories whose reality and “creepiness” are re- markable. It is an absorbing book. (Illustrated by Peter Newell, $1.50.) More Money for the Schools By President CHARLES W. ELIOT In this small volume President Eliot, of Harvard University, sums up in a large way the results of public education — its benefits and its shortcomings. (Net, $1.00.) DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO., 34 Union Square E., NEW YORK 186 March 16, 1903. THE DIAL The Latest New Books The Grey Wig Mr. ZANGWILL'S new book Illustrates the characteristic range of pathos, humor, keen sarcasm, and wit of a fiction writer who holds a curiously individual place in English literature. The author calls it "mainly a study of woman." By ISRAEL ZANGWILL, author of “Children of the Ghetto," etc. Cloth, $1.50. From the Unvarying Star Mr. LAWSON'S new novel A story of a country parish with touches of such tragedy as now and then underlies the quiet of country life; a passionate love story on a spiritual level which suggests George Macdonald's " Annals of a Quiet Neighborhood." By ELSWORTH LAWSON, author of "Euphrosyne and Her Golden Book." Cloth, $1.50. GERTRUDE ATHERTON'S selection of A Few of Hamilton's Letters Including his description of the great West Indian Hurricane of 1772, and other papers of great interest to readers of the masterly delineation in "The Conqueror." Selected by GERTRUDE ATHErton, author of "The Conqueror," etc. Cloth, $1.50 net (postage 13 cents). A Woman's Hardy Garden Mrs. ELY'S charming book on "By the wisest and most winning teacher of the fascinating art of gardening that we have met in modern print." -The New York Tribune. By HELENA RUTHERFURD ELY. Second Edition. Cloth, profusely illustrated, $1.75 net (postage 13 cents). CARL HILTY'S Essays translated by Prof. F. G PEABODY Happiness: Essays on the Meaning of Life "An amazingly successful attempt to interpret with engaging directness the modern world to the end of achieving a happy, rational, and useful life."-- Boston Herald. Cloth, 16mo, $1.25 net (postage 7 cents). Mr. BROOKS'S full and fair study of The Social Unrest "I have found it a fascinating book. To me it is the clearest. sanest, most helpful discussion of present day economic problems which I have read for years." — Bli88 Perry, editor of The Atlantic Monthly. "I am exceedingly pleased with the book, and hope it will be widely read. It throws a most helpful light on existing problems."- Prof. E. W. BBMIS. By John GRAHAM BROOKS. Second Edition. Cloth, $1.50 net (postage 13 cents). Heredity and Social Progress Professor PATTEN'S new book on Does progress come by strengthening the strong or helping the weak? is one of the pertinent questions discussed here by the author of "The Theory of Prosperity," etc. By Simon N. Patten, Wharton School of Finance and Economy, University of Pennsylvania. Cloth, 12mo, $1.25 net (postage 9 cents). Dr. MERRIAM'S history of American Political Theories A description and analysis of the characteristic types of political theory that have from time to time been dominant in American political life. By C. EDWARD MERRIAM, Ph.D., Associate in Political Science, Chicago University. Cloth, 12mo, $1.50 nel (postage 11 cents). Pure Sociology Professor WARD'S new book entitled Is a treatise in which with customary originality and boldness he discusses the origin and spontaneous development of society. By LESTER F. WARD, Columbian University, Washington, D. C. Cloth, 8vo, $4.00 net (postage 26 cents). CORREA MOYLAN WALSH'S The Fundamental Problem in Monetary Science $1.60 net (postage 13 cents). By the author of The Measurement of General Exchange-Value, 1901 . Of the latter book the Manchester Guardian, England, writes: “It is a work of special research of great value in a field where many others have labored, but none with such thoroughness." Cloth, 8vo, xvi. +-580 pp., $3.00 net (postage 26 cents). On nel books ordered from the publisher carriage is an extra charge: for sale by all dealers at net rates. Published by THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 66 Fifth Avenue, New York Send for their announcement list of the season's forthcoming books. THE DIAL A Semis Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. No. 402. PAGE . . . . . . MARCH 16, 1903. Vol. XXXIV. collection of those who have read it, not as a name only, but as a collection of pictures and vivid impressions of the sort that become a CONTENTS. permanent possession. There are many among those readers, no doubt, who have forgotten THE AUTHOR OF “JOHN INGLESANT” . . 187 the author's name, there may be those who have OUTLINE OF LINCOLN LITERATURE. Lina forgotten the name of his titular hero; but even Brown Reed 189 these can hardly have forgotten the account of THE EMERSON CENTENARY 191 the papal conclave and the plague at Naples, COMMUNICATION . the Molinist philosophy of quietism, the sym- 192 Poe and Aristotle. John Albee. pathetic study of the English Cavalier, and the intimate revelation of life in seventeenth cen- DEMOCRACY AND POLITICAL PARTIES. Ed- tury Italy. We may have read many other win Burritt Smith 193 works of fiction since, and the outline of “ John DR. BOWDITCH OF MASSACHUSETTS. Annie Inglesant” may have grown dim in the retro- Russell Marble 197 spect, but its brilliancy and its spiritual con- REMOTE REGIONS AND PEOPLES OF MEXICO. tent remain with us, and we never grow doubt- Arthur Howard Noll 198 ful of its right to be held a part of English lit- SHAKESPEARE AND VOLTAIRE. Arthur G. erature. Canfield . 199 “Joseph Henry Shorthouse, manufacturer NEW YORK: PAST AND PRESENT. Edith of sulphuric acid, etc., Birmingham.” This, Granger. 202 with a list of titles, and a statement that his favorite recreation is found in “ books," is BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS • 203 A journalistic treatment of modern Germany. the information provided by “Who's Who." Interesting art-criticism. A definitive edition de Neither the name nor the place nor the occu- luxe of FitzGerald. – Sanitary science and public pation is particularly suggestive of literature. health. — A volume on title-pages. --Some fresh So we might read in some similar handbook of bits of Tennysoniana. “Eye-strain" and its con- Nathaniel Hawthorne that he was a gauger at sequences. An account of Unitarianism in Amer- ica. -- An old story told again. — A mystical the Boston custom house, surveyor of the interpretation Omar. port of Salem, and United States consul at Liverpool. These things do not seem to agree BRIEFER MENTION 206 with The Scarlet Letter" any more than ANNOUNCEMENTS OF SPRING BOOKS 207 Birmingham and sulphuric acid seem to agree A classified list of over 750 titles of books to with “ John Inglesant.” The moral appears be issued by the American publishers during the Spring of 1903. to be that the free spirit of man will find self- expression under no matter how adverse an en- NOTES 214 vironment. We have brought Hawthorne into this discussion with deliberate intention, for Shorthouse recognized him as the supreme THE AUTHOR OF “JOHN INGLESANT.” master in the species of composition to which The name of the late Mr. Shorthouse ap- “ John Inglesant” belongs — “the philosoph- pears upon the title-pages of half a dozen ical romance.” His tribute is paid in the fol- books, but nine persons out of ten to whomlowing words: “ There will at once occur to the his name means anything at all know him only reader's mind numerous works of fiction of the as the author of "John Inglesant.” The very highest talent, where philosophical ideas have titles of the later and slighter books have faded | been introduced with surpassing effect. By from the memory, but the solitary masterpiece Nathaniel Hawthorne this art was carried to given to the world by an absolutely unknown such perfection that it is only with difficulty writer twenty-two years ago remains in the re- that we perceive how absolutely every character, 188 [March 16, THE DIAL - nay, every word and line, is subordinated to the a story that we instinctively classify, because philosophical idea of the book.” we find it in some way comparable, with such When “ John Inglesant" came to a second diverse masterpieces as “I Promessi Sposi," and edition, the author took occasion to prepare a “ Wilhelm Meister," and “ La Chartreuse de prefatory statement of his aim in writing it. Parme," and "The Cloister and the Hearth." Philosophy in the guise of fiction was what of To name a more recent analogue, we might deliberate purpose he offered his readers, and mention Mrs. Wharton's "The Valley of De- this called for a method of treatment quite dif. cision.' We do not read these books, nor do ferent from that employed by novelists of the we read “ John Inglesant,” primarily for the ordinary sort. “In books where fiction is only story that is told; we read them rather because used to introduce philosophy, I believe that it they interpret for us the modes of thought and is not to be expected that human life is to be the spiritual currents of other times and places. described simply as such. The characters are, They are studies in the history of culture rather so to speak, sublimated : they are only intro- than pleasant imaginings about private in- duced for a set purpose, and having fulfilled dividuals. this purpose, — were it only to speak a dozen It is such books as these that redeem fiction words — they vanish from the stage. Nor is from the reproach of catering to the mere enter- this so unlike real life as may at first appear. tainment of the reader, and that justify it as Human life, as revealed to most of us, does not the typical form of modern literary art. Fiction group itself in stage effect, does not arrange has much to answer for, no doubt, in the way itself in elaborate plot; and brilliant dialogue of sensationalism, and pettiness, and morbid declares the glory of the author more fre- imagination, and false idealism. But a book quently than it increases reality of effect. If like “ John Inglesant” shows that the writing fiction, therefore, is allowed to select and to of novels may be also one of the noblest forms condense from life, surely philosophy may do of artistic and ethical endeavor. And the high 80 too.” Concerning this declaration of guiding mission of the serious novelist has not often principle we are constrained to say that the au- found as fine an exemplification as in this very thor did not altogether live up to it, for “ John book, or as beautiful a statement as in this Inglesant ” is far from being the abstract pro- reply of the author to the sneer implied in the duction that he would have us believe. It has words: “ It is only a romance.” " True. It is no small degree of warmth, and color, and only human life in the highways and hedges,' dramatic effectiveness, and just because it is and in the streets and lanes of the city,' with possessed of these qualities it is a better book the ceaseless throbbing of its quivering heart; than it would have been had Mr. Shorthouse it is only daily life from the workshop, from held fast to the logic of his doctrinaire phi- the court, from the market, and from the stage; losophy of fiction. it is only kindliness and neighborhood and “ John Inglesant” is a historical novel in child-life, and the fresh wind of heaven, and the sense that it introduces the figures of men the waste of sea and forest, and the sunbreak who have played real parts in history, and that upon the starless peaks, and contempt of wrong its scene is set in a definite historical period. and pain and death, and the passionate yearn- But it is very unlike the novel that is ordinarily | ing for the face of God, and woman's tears, styled historical, because it penetrates so much and woman's self-sacrifice and devotion, and farther beneath the surface of life. The fault woman's love. Yes, it is only a romance. It of the common historical novel is, as Mr. Short-is only the ivory gates falling back at the fairy house suggests, that the romance outweighs the touch. It is only the leaden sky breaking for history; and it is a further fault that what his- a moment above the bowed and weary head, tory is vouchsafed us concerns only the trap. revealing the fathomless Infinite through the pings and the suits of the period, leaving its gloom. It is only a romance." spirit unrevealed. tells us, “ to constitute a historical romance of masterpiece of philosophical and historical fic- the highest interest is the recovery of the de- tion will doubtless wish to know the other work tailed incidents of everyday life, and the awaken- of Mr. Shorthouse. There are five volumes of ing of the individual need and striving, long these minor writings. “The Little Schoolmaster since quiet in the grave.” This is the sort of Mark,” “Sir Percival, Mark,” “Sir Percival,” “Countess Eve,” “A " " historical romance that we find in “ John In- Teacher of the Violin, and Other Tales," and glesant," a story of the spiritual life essentially, “ Blanche, Lady Falaise.” The note of spir- 6 * All that is wanted," he Those who have come under the spell of this y 1903.) 189 THE DIAL " > ituality is dominant in them all, and tends to and on Subjects Growing out of that Event, To- become so refined as to escape from ordinary gether with Works on American Slavery, and Essays human limitations. This is particularly true and Reviews from Magazines on the same Subject.” in the case of “Sir Percival," which teaches In this collection there are 81 title-entries relating to how, even under the conditions of modern life, Lincoln, comprising a few of his own speeches, mes- the quest of the Grail may still be pursued. life and policy ; those of the early biographies which sages, and debates ; a meagre record of his public But these books are trifles in comparison with had come to the compiler’s notice; a group of pro- “John Inglesant.” Of that masterpiece we are ceedings of cities, towns, and public bodies, on the glad to note the stately three-volume edition occasion of his death; and lately, in a separate list, which has just been published, and which gives a catalogue of 300 commemorative eulogies, ser- a worthy setting to its contents. It remains to mons, orations, and poems. be said that Mr. Shorthouse was born in 1834, The next in point of time is the “Memorial and was thus in his sixty-ninth year at the time Lincoln Bibliography” issued by Andrew Boyd, at of his death. Albany, New York, in 1870. This work is in two distinct parts. The second part is merely a cata- logue of a collection owned by the publisher, consist- ing of prints, medals, handbills, commemorative miscellany of all sorts, such as decorative badges OUTLINE OF LINCOLN LITERATURE. for special occasions, and the like, — matter of no especial literary interest. The first part is the real The recent appearance of Nicolay's "Short Life Bibliographia Lincolniana, being a somewhat an- of Abraham Lincoln,” - the more purely biog. notated bibliography of the literature of the collec- raphical portion of Nicolay and Hay's great work, tion,- eulogies, orations, etc., set forth with fitting “Abraham Lincoln, a History,” — fitly completes, introduction by the compiler, Mr. Charles Henry to date, the tale of immense Lincolniana already Hart. In Joseph Sabin's monumental “ Dictionary in print, and suggests an inquiry into the rise and of Books Relating to America,” Volume X., which progress of this remarkable literature. For its very contains several pages of references to works about. beginnings we need to go back only a little more Lincoln, the title “ Bibliographia Lincolniana,” with than forty years. notes and introduction by C. H. Hart, has the follow- In an oration delivered before the Society of the ing naive comment appended thereto: “ Includes Army of the Potomac, in October, 1899, by Major most of the titles contained in Andrew Boyd's Lambert of Philadelphia, and subsequently printed, work on the same subject." The latter has the the following interesting bit of Lincoln chronology simple entry, “A Memorial Lincoln Bibliography is established : “In a book published in New York by Andrew Boyd," with nothing to indicate Mr. in 1859, entitled Presidential Candidates,'contain. Hart's collaboration; and when the latter's reprint ing sketches of prominent candidates for the Pres- of his catalogue was published, the mere juxta- idency in 1860, sketches are given of twenty-one position of titles in the Sabin catalogue did not dis- distinguished men ; in another, entitled Our Living close their real relationship. Representative Men,' published in Philadelphia in This early work of Mr. Hart's, prepared with 1860, thirty-four memoirs are given; in neither of such care and fulness in gathering material which these books is Abraham Lincoln named, except in. / might otherwise never have been recovered, has cidentally in one of the sketches of Douglas, where contributed to the increased value of the next most allusion is made to the defeat of the former.” comprehensive publication of its kind, “Lincoln Of these fifty-five formerly distinguished names, Literature, a Bibliographical Account of Books and by far the larger number lie impacted in dictionaries Pamphlets Relating to Abraham Lincoln, Compiled which record a brief digest of their respective pub- by Daniel Fish, Member and Secretary Public Li- lic careers ; while the obscure individual so casually brary Board, Minneapolis, Minn.; Published by the mentioned in connection with the great men of his Board, 1900.” This is an unbound book of 135 day, and who before long was to do things un- pages, royal octavo, in an attractive paper cover, and dreamed of, comes to figure, some forty years later, contains over 800 full titles, occasionally annotated, as the subject of one of the fullest personal biblio- of books and pamphlets which have ever appeared graphies known. as distinct issues. An interesting variety of foreign The earliest collection of Lincolniana is probably titles appear: In French, 14; nearly twice as many that of Mr. William V. Spencer, who published at in German; a few each of Italian and Spanish; one Boston, in 1865, a quarto volume of some 350 pages Welsh, one Japanese, one Russian, and a translation of sermons, eulogies, letters, and publications on of a popular life into modern Greek. Limiting the Mr. Lincoln's death. Following this, the next year, effort to separate publications excludes, of course, came the work of the Rhode Island scholar and some of the most valuable material, as many of the bibliographer, John Russell Bartlett, with his “ Lit- best tributes to Lincoln lie embedded in an author's erature of the Rebellion ; a Catalogue of Books and “Complete Works "; magazine articles also indexed Pamphlets Relating to the Civil War in the U. S., in “ Poole” are not referred to. But these exclu- 6 190 [March 16, THE DIAL 66 66 upon 66 sions do not rob this work of its chief distinction, mainder, four are accredited respectively to J. H. which lies in the volume and variety of writings about Barrett, D. W. Bartlett, William D. Howells, and a man unknown to fame six years before his death, John Locke Scripps. Of these authors, Bartlett and who was never known in public life aside from was Washington correspondent of the New York one great question. What manner of man was this “ Independent” and the “Evening Post," and was to evoke a literature 80 copious, so universal, and afterward known in a modest way as a writer of finally so unanimous? For one of the obvious char- books which are still read. If J. H. Barrett achieved acteristics of the collection is the meagre record left a subsequent fame, the anonymity of the double in- its pages of the violently hostile criticism be- itial remains undisclosed. Mr. Howells's reputation longing to the early sixties. Volumes of it can be has been gleaned in such different fields that few found, it is true, in the files of the war-time news- people, even among those counting themselves fa- papers. Bat of the bitterly arrogant opinion upon miliar with the facts of his career, ever recall this the conduct of the war, with which the atmosphere early work which appeared in the same year with was charged even at the capital city itself, few traces “Poems by Two Friends." The Scripps life was remain. Mrs. Julia Ward Howe bas preserved for published anonymously as No. 6 of " Tribune us the flavor of much of the usual speech of the day Tracts,” the campaign literature put forth by the in her book of reminiscences. Writing of the com- New York “ Tribune” in the days when Horace mon estimate of Lincoln in the autumn of '61, she Greeley was an aggressive Lincoln man. The au says: thor was at that time editor of the Chicago “ Press “Few people praised or trusted him. Why did he not do and Tribune.” At the date of publication, the this, or that, or the other? He a President, indeed! Look pamphlet was sold at twenty dollars a thousand. at this war, dragging on so slowly! Look at our many de- feats and rare victories! Such was the talk that one con- It is now very scarce, a single copy having lately stantly heard regarding him. The most charitable held that brought ten dollars. In 1900 this brochure was re- he meant well." printed in a very attractive form by the Cranbrooke But to return to the obscurity of 1859,- consid- Press, Detroit, and claimed on its title-page to be the erably less an obscurity in Illinois, however, than in “first published life of Abraham Lincoln,” a state- the Eastern publishing centres. The leading events ment which obviously conflicts with the accepted of Lincoln's life from '58 to '60 can be picked out belief that the anonymous " Wigwam edition of and strung on a very small inch of string. These Rudd & Carleton was the first. Since Judge Fish's were, the defeat for the Senate in 1858; the sugges- Bibliography was issued, however, an overlooked tion for the Presidency by an Illinois editor in 1859; biography by J. Q. Howard, published in Colum- the three years of speech-making from 1858 to 1860. bus by the Follett & Foster Company in 1860, has Upon the untried occasion of the Cooper Institute come to light, and may on close investigation prove speech, the dean of American letters, William Cul- to be the first. The preface of the latter is dated Jen Bryant, well within the limits of a conservative June, 1860. Thus began, in this comparatively light- truthfulness, introduced the speaker as “an eminent hearted and irresponsible fashion, a series of writ- citizen of the West, hitherto known to you only by ings upon a theme soon to expand into immeasurable reputation.” dignity and importance. With 1860, however, and the accepted fact of Lin- In the following four years, during which history coln's candidacy for the office of President, a num- was made by the sword and not by the pen, natu- ber of impromptu biographies scrambled into print. rally the printed records of the time are concen- Most of these were campaign documents, written trated upon military and diplomatic questions for chiefly by newspaper men of experience, and not the full understanding of which recourse must be without merit in their brief fidelity to fact. For had to the literature of the Rebellion. But in this Lincoln's public career had offered so little, aside more purely personal literature little appears be- from his one term of service in Congress and his yond a few isolated monographs, occasionally object- speech-making on a single theme, that the original ing to the war measures, and sometimes enjoining material was easily mastered, his simple record pre- the duty of loyal support of the President's course. senting none of the stumbling-blocks in the path of But with April, 1865, the biographical treatment one whose task it is to write of a long and sometimes begins in earnest. It would be interesting indeed wavering political career. to have a composite analysis of the volumes of These early biographies were usually duodecimos sermons preached upon that memorable Easter in the ordinary newspaper print of that day. They Sunday, and upon subsequent fast days. What a bore upon their paper covers varying and utterly tribute of mourning there was ! And how the eyes dissimilar likenesses of the candidate, in the form of of the people were opened, now that his mortal life dingy woodcuts. The engraver's effort to impose had passed! Those who had clamored for a leader a upon his subject all the air of distinction which the who should sweep all before him with the majesty seasoned statesman is expected to carry is quite ap- of the whirlwind and the fire, were now hearing for parent. the first time the voice of a strong and an honest Of these early volumes, five appeared anonym- man, and were not ashamed to go aside and wrap ously in 1860; a number probably belonging to the their faces in the mantle of self-reproach. same year have no imprint date; and of the re- Some of the memorial volumes were in a differ- à 1903.) 191 THE DIAL 66 ent key. A shower of hurriedly prepared “Lives" adds the well-bred Southern lad who lived to write poured over the country upon the death of the Presi- “ The End of an Era,” “that settled Abraham dent. Many of them make their appeal to a class Lincoln with me.” of readers who never take their history except in a Only a very few copies of "Lincoln Literature" series of shocks. Vociferous titles of a number of remain unsold. The work has already attained at them begin with the lurid word “ Assassination "in book-sales the distinction of a “scarce first edition.” bold type, recite the general contents in show-bill Should a second edition be in contemplation, it might fashion throughout the length of the page, and fre- be prefaced most fittingly by such a critical and quently, in conclusion, depart from the subject, after biographical sketch as the one with which Ford, the centrifugal habit of the uneducated, by a gen- for instance, introduces his “Franklin Biblio- eral discussion of all known assassins. graphy." So full a bibliography as this is necessarily, in The approaching centennial of Lincoln's birth effect, and to a degree, stamped with the manner of should present anusual opportunities to the reading thought and habit of the people who make the record; public for fresh and vigorous study of Lincoln's life consequently a few of the aberrations of our national and work, together with a renewed interest in the walk and conversation are revealed in its pages. Civil War and all that its results mean to us. Some of them are almost grotesque, others only odd Would not the anniversary year be most appro- or fanciful; all of them are characteristic of the priately welcomed, and its observance put to the feeble bistoric senso which uses the great facts of most patriotic use, if all interested students could history merely as serviceable wires upon which flat- have at their disposal such a well-arranged guide to tering fads of doctrine or experience alight sparrow- their readings as Justin Winsor's “ Readers' Hand- like and are gone. For instance, on page 80 of the book of the American Revolution,” which itself was “ Lincoln Literature” we have an entry setting forth a result of the centennial interest in American in- the “Interior Causes of the War; the Nation De- dependence? If the history of our country from monized, and its President a Spirit-rapper; by a 1858 to 1865 could be set forth chronologically, after Citizen of Ohio"; also, “ Africanus I.; his Secret the manner of the Winsor “ Handbook,” with refer. Life, as Revealed under the Mesmeric Influence." ence to sources and to second-hand authorities, and A publisher of phrenological material undertakes to with full valuation of the biographies, so that explain the character and constitution of Lincoln readers would know what the Arnold, Holland, and Grant in accordance with the principles of phre- Lamon, Herndon, Morse, Nicolay and Hay, and nology; and an anonymous prophet demonstrates Tarbell “ Lives" stand for, an exceedingly useful that Abraham Lincoln was the “Gog of the Bible, as service would be rendered which should result in a foretold by the prophet Ezekiel in the XXXVIII. great aplift of public intelligence. A second edition and XXXIX. chapters of his Book of Prophecy; of the “ Lincoln Literature” itself might be re- the Thirteen Confederate States shown to be the arranged and recast on lines which would include mountains of Israel, and all the predictions con- the best features of both the Ford “Franklin Bib- tained in the Prophecy concerning them literally liography" and the Winsor " Handbook.” A new fulfilled in the late War between the North and edition, too, would include considerable inaterial South.” This was no longer ago than 1868. which has appeared since January, 1901. One opportune humorist announces “Old Abe's Many of Lincoln's contemporaries gave utter- jokes, fresh from Abraham's Bosom ; containing all ance to the fear that the Lincoln history would fade his issues, excepting the Greenbacks, to call in some into a Lincoln myth. There is no danger of that of which this work is issued.” An inquiry into the kind of intellectual atavism. So long as we are free “Religious Faith of those engaged in the Conspir- from such battles of crows and kites” as afflict ] acy that Resulted in the Assassination of President our South American neighbors, we may go about Lincoln” is really a lecture on Romanism delivered our various duties with a thankful and reverent to an audience probably already too much engrossed cherishing of the Lincoln spirit in our national life. with an unprofitable prejudice. One Confederate LINA BROWN REED. temperance-tract makes the sorrowful admission: “ Better had we bowed the neck to Lincoln's yoke than made ourselves the willing slaves of grovelling passions and depraved appetites !” This suggests THE EMERSON CENTENARY. the description of Abraham Lincoln given to General Meade's nephew, the Honorable John S. Wise, by It is so short a time since the death of Emerson, his schoolmaster, who was perfectly sincere in in- and the impression of him as a living force among structing his pupil that the republican candidate was, us is still so vivid, that it is hard to realize that the “in his origin, of that class of low whites who hate centenary of his birth is close at hand. The date gentlemen because they are gentlemen; how, in per- of this event is May 25; and it will be fitly cele- sonal appearance, he was more like a gorilla than a brated by Emerson societies and similar associations haman being,” and that he had gone “far beyond throughout the country. The most interesting of other leaders in advocacy of radical measures these events will doubtless be that at Emerson's against slavery, and in abuse of the South.” And, I home-town, Concord, where there will be addresses & 192 [March 16, THE DIAL by Senator Hoar, Colonel Higginson, Professor fame in verse, that for the completion of their reputation, Charles Eliot Norton, and others; and on the pre- or for the honor of their country, their work should be ceding evening, Sunday, there will be a memorial crowned with one supreme effort, - if possible, an epic observance in Symphony Hall, Boston, under the on a great theme. And poets themselves seem to have been impelled by the same desire for Aristotle's “cer- auspices of a large citizens' committee, with an ad- tain magnitude" in their works. Yet I cannot quite dress by President Eliot, a poem by Prof. George agree with Mr. Moore in his application of Aristotle's E. Woodberry, and choral music. The Free Re- “magnitude” as referring to the length of a poem. Is ligious Association, of which Emerson was one of not Mr. Moore here speaking of long poems in dis- the founders and vice-presidents, will devote the tinction from short ones? Unless I mistake, he is. But principal session of its annual convention in May in the place where Aristotle employs the expression to the subject of Emerson's Religious Influence. “certain magnitude," chapter seven of the Poetics, he is The after-dinner speeches at the evening festival not discussing length or quantity of poems. He is speak- will also for the most part take the form of tributes ing only of tragedy; and he means by magnitude simply to Emerson's memory. Several of his old friends a consistent action, perfect and whole, - or, as we and associates will be among the speakers. The might express it, a large, beautiful, and orderly arrange- ment and treatment of the theme, and only long enough Association is arranging, also, for an Emerson Me- to be easily remembered. Aristotle expressly says that morial School of Conference, for three weeks in length with reference to dramatic representation does July, beginning Monday the 13th. The morning not fall under the consideration of art. In short, as I sessions of the school will be held in Concord and understand Aristotle he is not referring to poetry in the evening sessions in Boston. There will be general but to the construction of tragedies. thirty lectures in all, in which the various aspects of Yet there can be no doubt that in the classic period Emerson's great work and influence will be treated of Greek literature long poems were held in higher es- by the ablest scholars and thinkers who can be timation than short ones. Lyrical and occasional verse associated for the purpose. Special Sunday services, had also its place of bonor, Pindar, Sappho, and many others, being as popular poets as Homer. In Aristotle's with sermons or addresses by eminent lovers of comment on magnitude it must be remembered that he Emerson, will also be arranged both in Boston and refers solely to tragedies. As these were sometimes in Concord. Other similar events will doubtless be the form of trilogies, he had to take into account mag- announced, and the whole effect cannot fail to be nitude, or length, and explain its propriety, - not as a reviving and freshening of the influence of our mere length but as duration of time in the action; yet great Yankee idealist, very wholesome in our on- to this he denies any part in artistic theory. spiritual times. I would like to add to the list of great and authori- tative critics cited by Mr. Moore, Goethe, who has left a larger though scattered body of purely literary criti- cism than either Aristotle or Lessing. And he is at one with Poe, in both theory and practice, in regard to long COMMUNICATION. poems, if we leave out, as we ought, his dramatic works. For by a long poem I apprehend we mean such as “The POE AND ARISTOTLE. Faërie Queene, ," « Paradise Lost” and “Paradise Re- (To the Editor of THE DIAL.) gained," " Roman de la Rose,” “ The Divine Comedy," In Mr. Moore's admirable and acute discussion of and the works of Homer and Virgil. It is to be noticed “Poe's Place as a Critic,” published in The Dial of in all long poems, that when closely analysed they consist February 16, the writer dwells at considerable length largely of episodes, as if the authors realized that the on one of Poe's critical dicta, namely, that there can reader's attention and memory could not be relied on be no long poem in the nature of things. “The nature to carry him through without a break. All long poems of things” is a loose phrase; be meant, probably, the with which I am acquainted may be resolved into short natural powers of attention and memory. Mr. Moore ones, and were so resolved in the more ancient times objects that Poe has left us in doubt as to what meas- when recited; and thus I think Poe was right in his phi- ure of length he would fix in strictly defining a poem. losophy in saying that in the nature of things — that Poe was apt to be whimsical and vague in criticism, but is, in the constitution of the poet and of the hearer or sometimes he hit the nail on the head. I think he had reader, and for the perfect effects of poetry, including already anticipated the impatience of modern readers the shock of delighted surprise and the fixing in the of poetry, as well as of poets themselves. Perhaps he memory, there can be no long poems. Of course, was also thinking of the time when poetry was recited; Poe never intended to include dramatic composition in which would naturally imply a time-limit. If he had bis dictum. There is where length — or, in Aristotle's said no long poems are now written and no one has time word, “magnitude," — has its appropriate place and or mind to attend to them, he would have come near rights; unless, as in Lessing's story, the “characters die of the Fifth Act." the truth. The longest poem has now the shortest life. And if read, it is for the purpose of finding and enjoy- Allow me to conclude with a line from a poet who ing its gems, its striking passages. These, if really was also a master critic, Horace; and to translate it into great, are soon disengaged and re-set as specimens, and the vernacular: are gathered at last into anthologies. Poe therefore laid “Verum operi longe fas est obrepere somnum." down a rule in accordance with popular taste, possibly (If you must read your long poem, don't take offense to cover his own work, and to justify his never attempt- if I go to sleep occasionally.) ing a poem of any length. JOHN ALBEE. It used to be urged upon poets who attained some Pequaket, N. H., March 7, 1903. VICATION. 9 » 1903.) 193 THE DIAL pose of The author has indeed succeeded in his pur- The New Books. “putting together a whole, which, under the form of a scientific investigation, alike historical and critical, of DEMOCRACY AND POLITICAL PARTIES,* the régime of organized parties, is in reality an investi- gation of the working of government in democracy, and Democratic institutions have had attention, of the vital problems which it puts before existing 80- to the neglect of the political forces from which ciety and which involve the whole future of our polit- they have derived their life. Men have so ical civilization." busied themselves in spreading the machinery In pursuit of this great purpose, Mr. Ostro- of democratic government over the world that gorski has made a most painstaking and they have not stopped to inquire whether de- thorough study, extending over many years, of mocracy and its machinery are one. Indeed, party organization and party action in both En- to many the test of democracy itself is the effi- gland and the United States. These countries ciency of the machinery of democratic govern- were chosen, because in them liberty has at- ment. It was quite time to consider whether tained its highest development; and because permanent political parties, having power as there political parties exhibit the greatest regu- their end, with general contracts to solve all larity of action. Though in England the organ- political problems as they arise, are essential ization of parties founded on a popular basis to democratic government. Mr. M. Ostrogorski, was more recent than in the United States, the a Russian who has long resided in Paris, in two author found there an excellent starting point large volumes entitled “ Democracy and the for his investigations. Organization of Political Parties," sets forth The book opens with a striking and compre- with great clearness the results of a most ex- hensive view of “The Old Unity”; of a political haustive investigation of this question. society, organized on the basis of aristocracy; Mr. James Bryce, in a preface to the book, of the absolute domination of an aristocratic notes that no one has produced a treatise class. This is followed by an equally strong "containing a systematic examination and description and clear description of the break-up of the old of the structure of parties as organizations governed society; of the advent of democracy, shattering by settled rules and working by established methods. in its course “ a social fabric which was too Even in the United States, where party organization narrow to contain the national life"; of the early attained a completeness and effective power un- approached in any other country, I could not find, when exaltation of the individual; of the assertion in 1883 I began to study and was seeking to portray the by the many of the right of self-government. institutions of that country, any account of the very re- Then comes an account of the attempts at re- markable and well-compacted scheme of organization action against the rising tide of individualism; which had been at work there for forty or fifty years; of the effort of the Church to restore the old and noted that among even the best-educated men there were few who had mastered its details." unity; of the Oxford movement, which, starting under the banner of authority and tradition, Mr. Ostrogorski, in his preface, states it to “succeeded in proving that liberty is, after all, be his purpose to “ investigate the working of the safest principle of conduct in modern 80- democratic government,” and adds, “ But it is ciety”; of the “Young England” movement not on political forms, it is on political forces “to combat the destruction of the old political that I dwell.” He holds that creed which knit classes and individuals to- “ The best way to study political forces is to study pol- gether”; of the war waged by Thomas Carlyle itical methods; . . . to really understand the character of social action, its modes of procedure must be studied against the new social system bred of Ben- in the light of the character of those who apply them, thamism and industrialism,” due to his contempt and of the social and political conditions in which their for and hatred of democracy; of the Christian wills are formed and manifested. It is only in this sense Socialist movement to oppose the principle of that the investigation of political methods will have, in addition to a philosophical value, a genuine practical free competition by means of industrial associa- value. It is a study of the methods of democratic gov- tions. ernment conceived in this spirit, a study of social and The author next describes “ The Triumph of political psychology, based on observation, that I have the New Order," the realization of individual- tried to undertake, and it is that which is the aim of ism in the sphere of politics. With the passing this book.” of the domination of an aristocratic class and • DEMOCRACY AND THE ORGANIZATION OF POLITICAL the substitution of numbers as the supreme PARTIES. By M. Ostrogorski. Translated from the French by Frederick Clarke. With a preface by James Bryce. In power in the state, a new danger appeared. two volumes. New York: The Macmillan Co. The newly emancipated individual ran the 9) 66 " to 194 [March 16, THE DIAL > risk of being crushed by numbers. It was not touching Mr. Ostrogorski's picture of English enough for him to share sovereignty with his partyism will be repeated here with reference fellows. If he would participate in the govern- to the vast canvas whereon he has painted ment, he had to find some extra-legal means of American partyism with all its deformities. coöperation with others seeking similar ends. Already an American critic has said : “He If he would realize his objects in society and does not mean to exaggerate, and nearly every the state, he must come to an understanding statement, taken by itself, is substantially cor. with his fellow citizens. rect. Yet, admitting the several parts of the Liberty emancipated the individual. The argument, one finds himself objecting to the preservation of liberty itself called for the union whole." of individual efforts. Hence arose political par- It is not enough that one who admits that ties. Here lies the field which Mr. Ostrogorski every line is correctly drawn shall object to the has explored with a thoroughness all his own. picture as a whole. He must point out some No such examination of the extra-legal coöper omission or want of proportion, if his objection ation which has supplied motive power to demo- is to have weight. Has Mr. Ostrogorskiomitted cratic government has before been attempted. anything essential from his picture of partyism The book is a veritable store house of facts. in the United States ? Do its lines betray any Many of its chapters are purely descriptive material lack of proportion? Is it overcharged . Take, for example, the chapter entitled “The with gloom? Gloomy it unquestionably is, as National Convention.” This masterly descrip- Mr. Bryce remarks. Yet one will search in tion of the vast and tumultuous assemblages, vain for any important omission from the au- in which quadrennially, the party champions thor's description of our party machinery and are chosen, is complete even to the smallest ac- of our party methods. He has faithfully ex- cessories. One who has never even heard of amined and correctly described their every de- these modern olympics can see, as he reads, the tail of construction, their every mode of action; colossal travesties of popular institutions from and he has summarized with substantial accu- whence issue the names of those to whom our racy the results. His most obvious error lies choice of a chief magistrate is limited. With- in his underestimate of the benefits that have out fear or favor, the author clearly states the resulted from the introduction of the Austra- results of the most searching personal investi- lian ballot. Had he been in America in 1888, , , the organization and action of political parties realized more fully than he does the value of in England and America. Holding his conclu- this reform. Its value becomes even more clear sions well in reserve until he has fully set forth with every passing year. the facts, he has given the descriptive parts of There is a factor, indefinite but real, for his work the force of a judicial finding. which Mr. Ostrogorski has not sufficiently al- Mr. Bryce is not wholly pleased with Mr. lowed. This is public opinion. Over all our Ostrogorski's picture of party organization in political activities broods a public opinion which England. While frankly conceding the au- nearly always restrains and sometimes directs. thor's description to be on the whole both ac- The wholesome fear of it usually entertained curate and fair, that taken one by one the among politicians accounts for the fact, noted facts stated are almost always correctly stated, by Mr. Ostrogorski, that from the nominees of he thinks that the author exaggerates the power our national conventions the people have chosen and poison of the Caucus and does not suffi- a line of Presidents who, “ if they have not all ciently allow for the healthy influences that been great men, far from it, were all hon. tend to correct the dangers its growth may in- orable men.” The influence of public opinion volve. However, Mr. Bryce proceeds to break cannot be measured. Mr. Ostrogorski notes the force of his sword of caution.” He says: some of its affirmative triumphs in the passage “I am myself an optimist, almost a professional of the civil service, the Australian ballot, and optimist, as indeed politics would be intolerable recent monetary laws. It is not strange that a were not a man grimly resolved to see between foreign student should fail fully to realize its the clouds all the blue sky he can.” He adds: value as a restraining force and as a ground of “Party organization is a totally different thing hope. The marvel is that he has so completely in England from what it is in the United States. mastered and so justly appraised what may be It is in the hands of a different class of men. really known of our political methods. The The word of caution uttered by Mr. Bryce / scientific investigator may be excused from gations, extending over some fifteen years, into as well as in 1896, Mr. Ostrogorski would have 1903.) 195 THE DIAL . to Th appraising what may not be examined. Each The initiative has passed even from Congress. reader , according to his vision, will, with Mr. It acts on impulses coming from without. It Bryce, see what blue sky he can between the legislates, as to many matters, by direction of clouds of party politics. special interests; it registers, as to matters of Mr. Ostrogorski passes from party organiza- peculiar public interest, the legislation of vol. tion and the evils of permanent political parties, untary organizations of private citizens. How to a survey of our struggles for emancipation great bas been the change from other days, is since the Civil War, and to a discussion of indicated by a single illustration. The demoral- remedies. As the years pass, voluntary asso- ization of the finances due to the Civil War, ciations, alliances, committees, federations, and having been allowed by Congress to continue leagues appear; "scratchers,” “mugwumps,” for a generation, a national conference of private and “independents” multiply. The sporadic citizens finally initiated a remedial measure. . committee organized to crush this boss, or to Think of an Indianapolis Conference to pre- smash that machine, at length gives place to the pare financial legislation when Alexander Ham- compact league of independent voters having a ilton or Salmon P. Chase was secretary of the definite common purpose. Men, emancipated treasury ! from a party bondage which held them while Modern society, when it came into posses- special interests despoiled a continent of vast sion of liberty, placed its chief reliance on public resources, gradually unite in a wide co- parliaments. It sought to escape tyranny by operation to rescue their government from hedging its executives about with legal re- party spoilsmen. straints. Disappointed by a bitter experience, Thus far the movement against the evils of of du due at least in large part to the usurpations of party domination has been largely confined to party, it has turned for relief to a powerful ex. the sphere of municipal government. Here ecutive supported by the negative authority of the need was more obvious, but not more real, the courts. Dictators, from the Speaker of the than in the state and nation. House down to mayors of cities, find themselves " Yet the independent movements which have taken possessed of the chief powers of government. place in the sphere of the national parties have not re- Private initiative having detected and pun- mained unfruitful. If nonpartisanship has made such ished official malfeasance, cleansed the streets, strides in the municipal field, this is owing to their dis- solvent action; mugwumpism, too weak to produce rav- secured public works, and framed legislation, ages in the national parties, penetrated into the mu- found itself unable steadily and effectively to nicipal sphere following the lines of least resistance. check the spoliation of the people by powerful However, the national political life itself did not wholly escape the new notions about the independence groups of citizens acting impersonally as quasi- of the elector's conscience ...; these notions per- public corporations. vaded the political atmosphere, exercising a subtle and “To obtain more durable and more regular effects deleterious influence on the traditional sentiments of than could be achieved by these spasmodic efforts, party loyalty." attempts were made to straighten the relaxed govern- More important than its immediate results, being mistaken for inadeqnacy of powers, the latter mental spring by main force; inadequacy of action the movement which thus far has found its were concentrated in the hands of a few persons." main expression in the sphere of municipal This leads Mr. Ostrogorski, in his conclusion, reform has introduced new methods of public to propose a remedy for existing evils. He re- action, methods which may stamp or even de gards permanent political parties, having power termine the future of democracy. But the best as their end, a mortal danger to democracy. political methods require the motive power “The great parties, viewed as a whole, have been supplied by an aggressive public spirit. Too throughout their career nothing but agglomerates arti- few are yet imbued with this spirit. ficially brought together and kept together. . . . Al- “ There is a sincere desire to see the machines and ways endeavoring to throw a veil over divergences of bosses disappear, but people would like this result to be views and to eliminate principles, it substituted for the obtained, if possible, in an automatic way, so to speak, process of analysis and synthesis opinions, which which would make up for personal exertion. There is, ought to take place in the electorate to create a legis- therefore, a tendency to look to the legislator to arrange lative assembly animated by one mind and one will, a the legal machinery in such a fashion as to defeat the purely artificial analysis and synthesis, obtained by the enemies of good government.” saving grace of the party label. As soon as the mani- fold interests jumbled together under this label got ad- The constituted authorities have become, mitted into the House, they naturally reverted to their under party domination, more and more un- own particular aspirations.” equal to their official duties. The leaders of the sole concern of the party being to manage opinion rarely seek or occupy public station. the elections and win the spoils of victory, it a 196 [March 16, THE DIAL ܙܕ ܕ а did nothing to repress these centrifugal tend political evolution is, “ Down with “party'; up encies. The result was, in large measure, the witbleague.' paralysis of representative government. That Mr. Ostrogorski holds no brief for absolution. individual rights have survived is due to the It is not of democracy, but of party, that he de- simplicity and limited scope of government in clares: Its life is “only one long school of ser- the United States and the constitutional guar- vile submission. All the lessons the citizen antees of liberty which everywhere prevail, receives in it are lessons in cowardice.” Не in a word, to the remarkable success of written loves democracy so well that he would save it constitutions imposing limitatious on govern. from deadly peril. ment. · Men must be taught to use their judgment, and to The author would substitute for permanent act independently. It is on the accomplishment of this political parties, with power as their end, tem- work of liberation that the whole future of democracy depends. Hitberto the victorious struggle which democ- porary combinations of citizens formed specially racy bas carried on in the world has been mainly, and for particular political issues. necessarily, a struggle for material liberty; moral lib- “ Party, as a general contractor for the numerous and erty, which consists in thinking and acting as free reason varied problems present and to come, awaiting solution, dictates, has yet to be achieved by it. It has carried the would give place to special organizations, limited to habeas corpus by force, but the decisive battle of democ- particular objects. It would cease to be a medley of racy will be fought on the habeas animum. . . . It is the groups and individuals united by a fictitious agreement, political and social forms anterior to democracy that are and would constitute an association, the bomogeneity dead. ... Democracy has brought with it liberty, and of which would be ensured by its single aim. Party it has renewed the life of societies." holding its members, once they have joined it, in a vice- The author is under no illusions as to what like grasp, would give place to combinations forming , and re-forming spontaneously, according to the chang- it means to overcome the formalism that op- ing problems of life and the play of opinion brought presses democratic government. To him, vic- about thereby. Citizens who part company on one ques- tory does not mean the complete realization by tion would join forces on another." means of a single effort of the end proposed. Mr. Ostrogorski believes that the substitution “ The victories which bring about the political or so- of temporary for permanent political parties will cial transformations consist of changes in the trend of society towards the one or the other of the opposing emancipate the individual; that he will never principles. However far they may go, these changes wholly surrender himself to party, will always never entail the absolute triumph of principles, realize his liberty as a free man; and that, freed but they turn or move society in the direction leading from the nightmare of party “regularity," he to that ideal point to which it can draw nearer by means of fresh efforts, without ever reaching it. To gain a few will exercise his personal judgment. Unlike parties of agglomerate creeds, each single-issue task which confronts each generation, and which should , association will devote itself wholly to the task satisfy its ambition and its ardor, and also its pride when of making converts. “Political society will be the task is performed.” transformed into a vast school, and democratic The contribution of Mr. Ostrogorski to the government will become really a government of literature of democracy is a great and valuable discussion." one. Into this book he has compressed the re- These suggestions are neither so novel nor sults of many years of exhaustive study. Its so impracticable as may at first appear. The pages exhibit ripe scholarship, unusual capacity old order, with its social unity, is no longer pos- for thinking clearly, and a just sense of propor- sible. In an era of liberty, the barmony of the tion. Taken as a whole, it will please neither elements of society can be restored only by an the cheerful optimist who ignores the facts, nor agreement of wills. The new social synthesis the friend of privilege who hates liberty. It required by an emancipated society lies in the will be welcomed everywhere by the real friends free union of wills in varied and successive com- of democracy. binations. It cannot be effected once for all and De Tocqueville wrote a brilliant treatise about everything. Mr. Ostrogorski points out on democracy, illustrated by observations on that the existing system is rapidly breaking up. American institutions. Professor Von Holst Some of the old parties live on the credit of their produced an exhaustive history of American past, which is well nigh exhausted. “Compact constitutions. Mr. Bryce contributed a careful and stable majorities are only a historical remi- survey of the American Commonwealth, par- niscence.” Already the new method appears ticularly of its government and politics as a a in the form of « committees" and "leagues" whole. Mr. Ostrogorski now adds to this great for definite purposes. The struggle between the series a scientific and philosophical study of the two modes of political action is on. The cry of political forces by means of which American 1903.) 197 THE DIAL > a government lives. Each of these foreign ob- Each of these foreign ob retical and applied phases, did not submerge servers of the greatest of democratic societies the romantic tendencies of the young physi- bas made a lasting contribution to the study of cian, as revealed in letters descriptive of his democracy. Without seeking to compare works vacation rambles amid the haunts of Burns of dissimilar scope and purpose, it is but just to and “ Highland Mary.” Still more tender and say that the contribution of this Russian scholar reserved is the story of his love for the English is one of the most valuable of the series. Stu- girl, comrade of his pension experience, whose dents of government, the world over, will turn face smiles at the reader with the gracious to this book for exact information and critical beauty and “gweet records” of seventy years. discussion of its most vital problem. Almost before Dr. Bowditch could establish EDWIN BURRITT SMITH. his professional life in Boston, came the open- ing discords, soon to become open rupture and war, between North and South. In this life- history, the familiar incidents of the Garrison DR. BOWDITCH OF MASSACHUSETTS.* mob, the escape of the Crafts, and the rendi- For three generations the name of Bowditch tion of Simms, are retold with the vividness of has been identified with original research in personal experience. The extracts covering two important branches of science — mathe- these events are taken from the letters of Dr. matics and medicine. It has also an honor. Bowditch, and from his journal.compilation able position in public life and in the records entitled “Thirty Years' War of Anti-Slavery.” of good citizenship. The eminent physician In token of friendship for him and common wbo, with rare success, has edited the two vol. zeal in the cause he served, Whittier wrote umes containing the biography and correspond the stirring poem called “ Massachusetts to ence of his distinguished father, has rendered Virginia,” to be read by Dr. Bowditch at a a valuable service not only to students of sci. meeting in Ipswich; while Lowell, for a similar ence but to students of American history as occasion, wrote the lines associated with the well. As he prefaces the work with the state. death of Charles Torrey, “Woe Worth the ment that here is “the personal experience of Hour." For the imported sun-dial, with quaint an active Abolitionist," so he has recalled the history, placed in front of the Bowditch home- vital incidents of that movement for which his stead at Weston, Whittier, in further attesta- father paid willing sacrifice; at the same time tion of his friendship, wrote the beautiful stanza he has interwoven abundant revelations of his of aspiration, father's devotion to the progress of medicine. “ With warning hand I mark Time's rapid flight, The public and personal incidents are tactfully From life's glad morning to its solemn night; blended. The childhood days in the Salem Yet, through the dear God's love I also show There's light above me by the shade below.” home, next to the Old Witch House, are told with charm. The reader finds in this picture When the exciting events of the fifties had of Nathaniel Bowditch, the wise, inspiring been succeeded by the actual conflict, the pa- father of the subject of this sketch, a new fa- triotic heart and practical mind of Dr. Bow. miliarity of relation with one who is most often ditch gave their noble services to his country. recalled as the translator of La Place's “ Mé. Even when his first-born lay dead on a South- canique Céleste." With a mind keen for re- ern battle-field, the father stifled his grief and search, young Henry Bowditch decided, with worked with renewed vigor to gain better am- some reluctance, to adopt medicine as his pro- bulances and hospital-service. In the midst fession; and, college days ended, he went of political crises, Dr. Bowditch had continued abroad to stay two years at foreign schools and his medical studies, as well as practice, urging hospitals. His father's fame as a mathema- new modes of treatment for diseases of chest tician was his passport to many a noted salon and lungs. In this phase of medicine he was besides that of Madame La Place, while his en- pioneer in the modern methods that have thusiasm for his work increased rapidly under reached further efficiency through the skill of the best of Parisian doctors, notably Dr. Louis, His fame in his profession brought who became not alone a teacher but a life-friend him appointments of honor in this country, to the American student. Science, in its theo. notably as a member of the National Board of Health ; and when he paid visits to Europe, LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE OF HENRY INGERSOLL BOW DITCH. By his son, Vincent Y. Bowditch. in later life, he was greeted with dual acclaim, volumes. Illustrated. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. on his own as well as his father's record, by his son. In two 198 (March 16, THE DIAL - - scientists of England and the continent. He the interest of President Diaz in his scientific modestly makes but casual mention of these enterprises. There is in Mexico no Bureau of tributes, but prefers to narrate at length a Ethnology, such as we have in this country; night walk with the police through East Lon- but the broad-minded and progressive states- don streets, - interesting to him in his philan- man who is the President of the Mexican Re- thropic profession, and especially associated public hailed with enthusiasm the proposition with memories of Dickens and his studies of of Dr. Lumholtz, and furthered the ends of the London life. If the latter portion of the biog- enterprise to the fullest extent in his power. raphy seems somewhat discursive and common. Tbus accredited and equipped, Dr. Lumholtz place in contrast with the earlier events of more set out upon his explorations in the western vital interest, there is a delight in following the ranges of the Sierra Madre in Northwestern serene years to their cluse in 1892,- the fit- Mexico, at the head of an organized party of ting end of a life of pure, high service to hu- thirty men, including geographers, geologists, manity. ANNIE RUSSELL MARBLE. mineralogists, zoologists, botanists, arcbæolog. ists, photographers, guides, cooks. muleteers, and requiring the services of nearly a hundred animals. But the corps of scientific assistants REMOTE REGIONS AND PEOPLES OF was gradually reduced, and finally altogether MEXICO.* disbanded. The enterprising explorer was left For the past twenty years, Mexico has been alone to continue his researches. An early a much "written-up” country. There have result was that he was able to return to the been books upon books about Mexico, until it United States, in August, 1893, with an exten- seemed that every phase of the subject had been sive collection of Tarahumare and Tepehuane exhaustively treated, and that Mexico was no ethnological specimens to be exhibited at the longer terra incognita. But it occurred to the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. mind of Dr. Carl Lumholtz, a few years ago, Meanwhile, bis fullest expectations had been that there was still an unknown Mexico, - a realized by his finding among the Tarahumare region that had escaped the attention of the rail. Indians actual cave-dwellers. With deepened road and mining prospectors and of pleasure interest, he set out, in March, 1894, upon a more seeking travellers ; a region beyond the ken of extensive expedition, which lasted three years. the Mexican scientists, and even of the Mexican On this trip he was without scientific compan- Government; a region that might hold a secret ions, and roughed it” for the most part with “ of great importance regarding the native races the Indians. During these years the privileged of America. A year or more spent among can- few who had access to the published proceed- nibalistic blacks in Australia had deepened his ings and bulletins of the American Museum of interest in the study of savage and barbaric Natural History, the American Geographical races, and he had decided to make that study Society, and kindred organizations, might have his life-work. This scientifically unexplored informed themselves of some very important region was therefore more attractive to him ethnological and archæological discoveries that than any other, and he began forthwith to devise were being made in Northwestern Mexico; and ways and means for a journey of discovery readers of “ Scribner's Magazine” could not thither. By dint of much effort, he succeeded have failed to become interested in some arti- . in engaging the interests of the American cles from the pen of Dr. Lumholtz, regarding Museum of Natural History, the American the cave-dwelling of the Tarahumares. Eigh- Geographical Society, and many public-spirited teen months were spent among these Indians, men and women of the United States, and a and ten months among the Coras and Huichols; fund was subscribed to enable him to pursue his and much knowledge was gained of the North scientific researches. In 1890 he made a pre- and South Tepehuanes, the Tepecanos, the liminary visit to the Zuñi, Navajo, and Moqui Nahuas (whom we usually call the Aztecs), and Indians, upon our Southwestern borders ; and the Tarascos. A supplementary expedition was then proceeded to the City of Mexico, to secure made, with Dr. Ales Hrdlicka, in 1898, extend - . * UNKNOWN MEXICO. A Record of Five Years' Explora- ing over three or four months, and including tion among the Tribes of the Western Sierra Madre; in the another visit to the Tarahumares and Huichols. Tierra Caliente of Tepic and Jalisco; and among the Tarascos In his intercourse with the various tribes, of Michoacan. By Carl Lumholtz, M.A., Member of the Royal Society of Science, Norway, etc. In two volumes. Dr. Lumholtz so won the confidence of the Illustrated. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. people that in many cases he was permitted to > 1903.) 199 THE DIAL witness their most sacred religious ceremonies, Mexico far outranked the disagreeable. He to take photographs of the various ethnological never felt lonely among the Indians. So much types which presented themselves for his in- was constantly happening in that little world vestigation, to make collections of articles used of theirs, that he could not help feeling inter- in their ceremonials and even of skulls from ested and stimulated in observing and studying their burial-places. He not only filled his them. Sharing their joys and sorrows, enter- note-books with data regarding the geology, ing into their thoughts, and learning to under- the flora and fauna of the country, and with stand their lore and their traditions, he felt him- ethnological observations of the most valuable self carried back thousands of years into the character, but he acquired a general knowl. early stages of human history. Primitive people edge of the languages in use among these taught him a new philosophy of life, for their tribes, and made extensive collections of an ignorance is nearer the truth than our preju- thropological measurements, samples of hair, dice; and though they have much to learn osseous remains, aboriginal melodies, folk-lore, from us, we also have many things to learn myths, and traditions. from them besides those things which are The story of these expeditions by Dr. Lum. coldly set down in scientific reports. holtz, and of his life among the Indians, we ARTHUR HOWARD NOLL. now have in two sumptuous octavo volumes, containing more than 1000 pages, illustrated with 530 half-tone reproductions of photo- graphs taken by the author, besides sixteen SHAKESPEARE AND VOLTAIRE.* plates in color and three excellent maps, – An exceedingly interesting chapter of liter- altogether the most valuable contribution that ary history is that which recounts the gradual has been made of recent years to the literature progress of the revolt against the spirit and doc- of scientific exploration and discovery in the trine of classicism, as they had been elaborated Western World. The author's pleasant liter. and refined in France in the grand siècle, and ary style, his keen sense of humor, and his had triumphantly invaded the other literatures kindly philosophy, take these volumes out of of Europe. The part that the works of Shakes- the category of purely scientific works and peare played in this reaction is well known. make them of deep interest to the general | It has several times been made the subject of reader, who will find scarcely a dull page in special studies. It is a portion of this field that either volume. The story is one of adventures Professor Lounsbury cultivates in the second of an unusual sort, all simply told and without volume of his series on “Shakespearean Wars.” any striving after effects. More than once the In this volume he has set himself the task author and his scientific treasures had a narrow of telling the story of Voltaire's relations to escape from total destruction, as was the case Shakespeare, “ of the influence originally ex- “ at a ranch in the state of Michoacan, where he erted upon him by the English dramatist, of accepted the proffer of a bed-room. His Indian the war he waged against the latter's growing servant lit a candle, and, perceiving a jar in a reputation on the continent, of the hostility box near the bed, tried to use it as a candle. evoked in turn towards himself in England. stick. Fortunately, his efforts to stick the taper It is the latter story that has professedly en- in the mouth of the jar were unsuccessful, for gaged the author's particular attention, and the host presently stepped forward, remarking the chapters devoted to it contain perhaps the quietly, “ It is better to put the candle some- freshest material of the volume. But these where else, because this is dynamite." chapters make up rather less than a quarter of The summing up by Dr. Lumholtz, of the four hundred and fifty pages of the whole. his experiences after he had reached quasi. The others turn pretty closely about Voltaire's civilization, is calculated to make ethnologists dealings with Shakespeare, and this story has of us all. Only those who have enjoyed the long since been made familiar to us. After the delights of being in close touch with nature can special studies of which it had been the object, understand and appreciate the fascination which there was not much of real importance to be that region, not yet reached by man's aggres- gleaned from a new search of the field. Of sive spirit, had for him. He suffered much Voltaire's first references to Shakespeare, from in Mexico. Malaria bas a peculiar power of wbich we might infer an appreciation that he making one feel the misery of life; but the *SHAKESPEARE AND VOLTAIRE. By Thomas R. Loung- pleasant memories of his stay in Northwestern bury. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 200 [March 16, THE DIAL . really never had, and which afterwards seemed that was wholly independent of Shakespeare. to him to have been responsible for the spread. The influence of Shakespeare's works in break- ing knowledge of the English dramatist in ing down the tradition of classicism was enor- France; of his later efforts to undo tbe mis. mous, doubtless; but it was not alone, nor would chief he fancied he bad wrought; of his nu- it have been of itself sufficient. To give it merous borrowings from Shakespeare, and his such exclusive emphasis magnifies unduly the reticence with regard to them; of his unscru- doctrinal and formal element among literary pulous tactics in controversy and his shameless influences, and leaves out of account the close mendacity, - of all this we were already abun- dependence of literature upon life. No amount dantly informed. Professor Lounsbury has of familiarity with the works of Shakespeare in gone into this story with greater detail than the original tongue could have given the public his predecessors, but without modifying essen- of the age of Louis XIV. any misgivings as to tially our view of Voltaire's attitude toward the authority of the classical rules. Those rules, works so teeming with interest and power and and the conception of dramatic art which they human reality that they compelled his curious embody, were too closely connected with the wonder and surprise, yet cast in a mould alike ideas upon which the whole life and society of so repugnant æsthetically to his sense of beauty the time rested, and no amount of argument. and irreconcilable with his reasoned 'theories and no sympathetic interpretation of foreign of art, and mirroring a world of feeling and literatures could have availed to shake the au- action so innocent of the jurisdiction of the thority of those rules so long as life conformed convenances of life in a salon, that he was sin unhesitatingly to those ideas. The romantic cerely repelled, shocked, and disgusted. In- In- drama of Spain was by no means unknown to deed, our general view of Voltaire's attitude the founders of the French classical tradition, is rather obscured by the fulness of the nar- but this knowledge did not modify in any degree rative and the emphasis laid upon its separate the rigorous development of the classical form. episodes. The stress laid upon the bitterness ula. Could the works of Shakespeare have of Voltaire's later criticisms of Shakespeare circulated in France in the latter half of the easily creates the impression that his view of seventeenth century, it is impossible to believe the qualities of his dramatic works had shifted that representatives of French culture could with time and the dangerous literary toleration have read them except by a powerful and con- that he observed about him. The correcting stant effort of the will. That these works were statement of the concluding chapter, that "there greeted with eager curiosity by a considerable was never any real change in Voltaire's opinion public in the middle of the eighteenth century, about Shakespeare,” is therefore distinctly is not more prophetic of changes that were to called for. overtake the received poetic creed in France Professor Lounsbury is careful to tell us, in than significant of changes that had already his preface, that he proposes to confine himself taken place in French society and ideas. The strictly to the story of Voltaire's relations with famous quarrel between the Ancients and the Shakespeare; and he distinctly disclaims all in- Moderns was a very empty affair so long as both tention of setting these in their historical per parties were at one as to the sufficiency of the spective as a part of the history of Shakespeare's ideals that shaped life and conduct throughout invasion of France. That, in spite of this dis- the recognized "monde" under the great Louis. claimer, he feels the disadvantage of thus isola- It was not till the insufficiency of these ideals ting his actors from their background, is shown began to be felt, with an accompanying sense of by his filling it in at several points, seeing rightly | irritation and restlessness at the narrowness of that it was necessary to the understanding of the horizons to which, with all their distinction their feelings and utterances. It is to be regret- and elegance, they had condemned men's out- ted that he did not also bring them into connec- look over the world, that the forms of classical tion with the larger background of the general art were seriously questioned. And if, after all, movement of ideas of the time. One might the eighteenth century came but to a very im- easily carry away the impression that the revolt perfect comprehension of Shakespeare's art, it against classicism was wholly a result of the was primarily because it still came to the pic- spreading knowledge of Shakespeare's works. ture of life he gave with the inherited habits One does not feel quite sure that this is not and preconceptions of the elegant courtly ideal. Professor Lounsbury's view, so completely does Indeed, it may be suggested that if Voltaire he ignore that part of the anti-classical current seemed at the moment of leaving England more 1903.) 201 THE DIAL open to the appeal of Shakespeare than ever he had come, were not really due, as he fancied, to the afterward, it was because the outlines of his different character of the people, any more than was courtly ideal were at that moment a little what was in his eyes its rudeness, its license, its dis- regard of decorum. Similarly, the elegance, the deli- dimmed, and the immediate impressions of life cacy, the beauty of the drama of which he boasted, did uppermost with him were those received from not owe their existence to the character of the people English society. It is to be regretted, then, that he had left behind, any more than did the monotony, Professor Lounsbury did not give us a glimpse complained. These are not and cannot be distinctive the lifelessness, the dull dialogue of which he constantly of those new elements of a wider and different features of the stages of different nations in which outlook on life that the eighteenth century was social life is essentially the same; they are the marks accumulating. which distinguish the drama of an aristocracy from If this dependence of literary form and that of a whole people. Results essentially alike would have followed in each country, had the conditions been theory upon the larger background of national alike.” culture and the general theory and practice of Yes, — no doubt like results would have fol- living is not taken account of as one would lowed like conditions. But just in the like- wish it were, it is yet here and there more or ness or unlikeness of conditions lies the whole less fully implied, and once at least plainly matter. Has unlikeness of conditions no sig. asserted. “No literature of any sort,” the nificance as to likeness of national character ? author says, “can succeed permanently which , Could conditions so immensely different as does not strike its roots deep down into the national character and life.” The application their literary blossoming have come about with those of France and England at the time of he makes of this view to French literature essential identity of character in the two peo. shows perhaps why it seems to have been so ples? Or, if such different conditions could generally disregarded in his treatment of his be imposed upon two peoples of like characters, subject. For he denies to the drama of French would they not of necessity speedily diverge ? classicism that deep foundation in the national character and life that alone may support en- Without stopping to examine within what limits, if at all, the assertion is true that the during fame. One must conclude, then, that French classical drama is that of an aristocracy, the works of Racine and Corneille have lost their power to charm French audiences, or that people, one cannot help wondering upon what while that of England is the drama of a whole Professor Lounsbury knows that they certainly it depended, if national character was in no will lose it. The question of the future may wise concerned, that the theatres played such very well be appealed to that court of last re- vastly . ment. But as to the present, does Professor thusiastic devotion to Shakespeare that has kept Lounsbury mean to say that the success of the French classical drama has already come to an him from putting himself at the standpoint of French classicism and doing it full justice, as it end? With what grief and horror such an has led him to emphasize so specially the rôle opinion would fill M. Brunetière! And on of Shakespeare's works as a literary influence. what shall we base our judgment of the present It is this same devotion that has prompted him success of authors of more than two centuries ago? What proofs could we give of the vitality certainly never had. " It is hard to escape from to ascribe to Voltaire a feeling that he pretty of Shakespeare's works for the great English: the impression that in Voltaire's inmost soul speaking world that could not be matched with there lurked, in spite of his colossal self-conceit, equal evidences of the continued favor of the classical masterpieces for the French public ? he came to measure himself with the great a vague consciousness of inferiority, whenever This is one of the difficulties that arise from dramatist. He was overpowered by something, Professor Lounsbury's view that the French he knew not what.” Surely, French observers classical drama is not a national product, and of Voltaire have had no difficulty in escaping that the differences that separate the drama of from this impression. the age of Louis XIV. from that of the age of But we shall not blame this devotion, since Elizabeth are not those which separate the two to it we owe also the fullest and most minute nations, but only such as separate a special class, presentation that the relations of Voltaire to an elite aristocracy, from the whole people. Shakespeare have yet found, or are likely to “ The English theatre was the theatre of the nation; find; and we need not find fault if it is fuller the French was the theatre of a class. The energy, the than we think it need have been. liberty, the disregard of useless conventions which Voltaire had found in the drama of the land to which ARTHUR G. CANFIELD. sort that alone can pronounce the final judga t is, no doubt, Professor Lounsbury's en- 202 [March 16, THE DIAL - > from the former investigators, notably Valen- NEW YORK: PAST AND PRESENT.* tine ; but he fortifies himself by proofs, gen- The author of “New Amsterdam and Its Peo- erally beyond dispute, - as in his claim for ple,” Mr. J. H. Innes, is inclined to regret that Jan Vinje (Jean Vigne), rather than Sarah the “Knickerbocker History of New York' Rapalje, as being the first child of European was ever written, inasmuch as its burlesque cre- parentage born in New Netherlands. The ations have become impressed on the popular author's rhetorical style is not especially to be mind to the exclusion of the real facts regard- commended, and he has a fashion of somewhat , a ing the city, which even in its early days was lengthy sentimental allusions to old-world cosmopolitan in population, containing men of scenes and events that is somewhat confusing. many nations besides the Dutch. Mr. Innes's Nevertheless, the book is full of the material work bears as a secondary title, “Studies, So- of history and romance, and worthy of careful cial and Topographical, of the Town under study. Dutch and Early English Rule”; but the lat- ter part of this caption is scarcely accurate, for Mr. Rufus Rockwell Wilson's “ New York, after a rapid sketch of the earlier history of the Old and New” is larger in plan and less min. settlement, the author selects the year 1655 ute in detail than the work of Mr. Innes. It when, as he says, New Amsterdam had begun is, moreover, intended primarily as a gift-book, to assume the appearance of a settled town- and is therefore more popular in style. It is as the period of his survey. One is inclined bound in two attractive volumes, with numer- to wonder why he did not decide on 1653, when ous illustrations but no maps, and a fairly good the burgomasters were appointed, and which index. To those who have read the author's year, as Fiske says, “ may be cited as marking previous works it is unnecessary to say that a new era for the Dutch province.” these volumes are entertaining, and to many The author's plan is simple. Starting with they will certainly be instructive as well. the White Horse Tavern, at the head of Broad Mr. Wilson does not name the authorities Street, he works gradually down to the neigh- for his facts, except in a few scattered instan- . borhood known as “the Ferry," where the re- ces; but inasmuch as he does not put forward motest houses stood in 1655. He describes the any new discoveries, we may reasonably infer topography of the town, street by street, com- that he bases his work upon Mrs. Lamb, Val- paring it constantly with the same streets of entine, and other well-known writers. Indeed, to-day. He gives a sketch of the history of he says in his preface that “the preparation of each building and its owners or dwellers, of ne- this work necessarily involved a study of every cessity looking backwards and forwards from noteworthy authority.” noteworthy authority.” In other words, he is bis chosen date. Among the more interesting the conservative chronicler, rather than an chapters are those dealing with the West India original investigator like Mr. Innes. He has Company and its Colonial Officers, Dominie succeeded very well in his endeavors to make Bogardus, Cornelis Melyn the patroon of Staten an interesting sketch of New York's history Island, Jacob Steendam the poet, the “Great " for the busy reader of slender purse," and to Tavern ” afterwards the Stadt Huys or Town give it careful and impartial treatment. Hall, and Govert Loockermans and his family. The first volume contains a consecutive his- The author goes somewhat out of his way to give tory of the city, outlining briefly the main the history of Captain Kidd, who does not be- events from Hudson's time down to the forma- long to this period, and to discuss the identity tion of “Greater New York.” The survey is “ of William Paterson, a Scotchman who settled necessarily rapid, but the author finds space in New Amsterdam for a time, and who may for descriptive chapters touching the social and possibly have been the founder of the Bank of topographical conditions in each period. He England. has placed emphasis throughout on what he Mr. Innes, who has obtained his information calls the personal element; that is, he has the from the original records, frequently differs story-teller's touch, and has seized upon the picturesque at some sacrifice of dry details, *NEW AMSTERDAM AND ITS PEOPLE. Studies, Social and Topographical, of the Town under Dutch and Early English dates, etc. The second volume is concerned Rule. By J. H. Innes. Illustrated. New York: Charles with New York of the present day, and takes Scribner's Song. the reader on numerous strolls through the NEW YORK, OLD AND NEw. Its Story, Streets, and Landmarks. By Rufus Rockwell Wilson. In two volumes, city, locating places that have historic or other Illustrated. Philadelphia : J. B. Lippincott Co. interest. Here there is necessarily some repe- 1903.) 203 THE DIAL tition of matter that is in the first volume, but in the schools; at the same time he urged the Lex not enough to be annoying. The district cov. Arous, which subjected University tutors to the ered includes not only the old city, as in “ New rigid sapervision of the Minister of Education, and Amsterdam and its People,” but also the north- thus threatened the boasted Lehrfreiheit of German ern end of the island, including Harlem and academic instruction. Some examination of the the “Neutral ground.” There is also a chapter would be instructive and valuable. The point of reasons for this and similar contradictory positions “ entitled “Little Sisters of Manhattan,” treat- view throughout is that of modern Berlin, and the ing of the neighboring islands — Governor's, author's attitude is unsympathetic. The description Bedloe's, Ward's, etc. Many interesting an- of social life is startling in the frankness with which ecdotes bearing on the old Dutch burghers, it deals with certain phases of contemporary society, governors, and lords of the manor, on the town but it would be deplorable were we to believe that ander English rule, and on the Revolutionary the German nation is really so corrupt and so given period, are here given, as well as much pleasant over to luxury as it would seem. The journalist's gossip about the players, writers, and other desire to be “readable” is too apparent. No doubt the modern Berlin professor is a man of the world, residents of the town in the early and middle but the picture drawn by Mr. von Schierbrand is as part of the last century. Some items are fa- little typical of German academic teachers, as a miliar enough, but many are altogether new. class, as was the caricature of Fliegende Blatter, The most serious fault of Mr. Wilson's work, which he mistook for a type. Life in general is in our estimation, is the frequent use of quota- really more genuine and less "schneidig” than it tions without specifying their authors, and the appears on the surface, or as presented in this book. entire absence of notes. The author also stands Certain chapters, especially those on the Agrarian convicted of the use of the split infinitive, an- and the Socialist movements, are worth commenda- noying to so many readers. However, these tion; that on Literature and Art, on the contrary, faults do not prevent the work from being a is singularly weak and unsatisfactory. On the whole the book is entertaining, but it can by no more complete supplementary guide-book to New York than any of its predecessors, as well means be accepted as an authoritative discussion of the problems with which it deals. as very interesting reading besides. EDITH GRANGER. Remarkable for its clearness and Interesting breadth of insight is the art-criti- cism given us by Mr. W. E. Henley in his little volume of “ Views and Reviews: Essays in Art Appreciation " (Scribner). The book con- BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS. sists of short essays and notes, most of them written A journalistic Several articles on the political and a dozen years ago; and, as the author states in the treatment of social aspects of modern Germany, preface, scarcely changed and in no way modern- modern Germany. by Mr. Wolf von Schierbrand, have ized. He has written with a fine contempt not only appeared in recent years in our prominent periodi- for public opinion, but also for all other critics, with cals. Their author has now collected them and ex. the two exceptions of Eugene Fromentin and R.A.M. tended the series to a good-sized volume, which is Stevenson (a cousin of Robert Louis), in praise of published under the title, “Germany; the Welding whom he devotes his last essay, under the title: “A of a World Power (Doubleday, Page & Co.). Critic of Art.” What Mr. Henley's own art-criti- Mr. von Schierbrand is a naturalized American cism aims at, is best told in his own language: “At citizen, and for a number of years represented the least I may claim to have read few books into my Associated Press in Berlin. He has therefore had pictures, to have done my best to keep my painting exceptional advantages for the preparation of his more or less unlettered, to have proffered my con- book; he has not, however, risen above the style clusions, such as they are, fairly well purged of senti- or the view.point of the ordinary newspaper corre- ment. So did not Hazlitt, nor Ruskin ; and, if it spondent. His book is interesting, at times gossipy, must be that I fail with these, I doubt not (such is occasionally suggestive, but never profound or dis- the vanity of man) that I shall take a sour pleasure criminating. Thus, the chapters on the Emperor in reflecting that, be things as they may, my failure present him simply as known by common report in is not on all-fours with theirs." He begins with early the better classes of Berlin society. It is not a romanticism, of which movement he has a great deal picture that adds to our knowledge of the man or to say, and always from the point of view of the wor- to our appreciation of his motives. Occasionally shipper of a cult. In tracing the development of the the illustrations of contradictory elements in the painter's art, he brings into close comparison the imperial policy - the phrase "imperial antics ” is, products of the sculptors, musicians, poets, novelists, by the way, to be deprecated - are striking. Thus, and even actors, of the same time; treating them all William II. championed the reduction of classics as parts of the great romantic movement, each in- and the introduction of broader technical training | fluencing the others. He sometimes becomes involved art-criticism. 204 [March 16, THE DIAL > - a in the great mass of his material; but his first essay were unavailable for the American undertaking. is headed “A Note on Romanticism," and so we FitzGerald's other prose works are of small account cannot find fault if he has occasionally sacrificed in comparison with the Letters; even the Omar para- logic for a delightful little side-excursion. “Profiles phrase has not so good a chance with posterity as “ Romantiques," which forms the second part of the those incomparable documents in which the Wood- book, is a series of short and trenchant sketches of bridge philosopher revealed to a few intimate friends nearly all the great romantic artists. Each one is the depths of his rarely beautiful personality. The summed up with a keenness that displays a knowl-collection here given us by Mr. Wright includes all edge of technique extraordinary in a layman. Mr. the known correspondence, comprising the original Henley's enthusiasms are given to Corot, Delacroix, series published in 1889, the additional letters Roussean, and Monticelli, - in general, everything contained in the “Eversley” edition of 1894, the French; for, in speaking of Meissonier, he says: “ Letters to Fanny Kemble” of 1895, and the “ The truth is, he is French of the French: French 6 More Letters” of 1901. All these are now ar- in his care for microscopic detail, French in his pa- ranged, as they should be for the best enjoyment tient ingenuity and his conscientious disdain for of the reader, in chronological order, instead of the what seems to him bad work, French in the neat- previous arbitrary groups, and occupy four of the ness of his ambitions, French in the dry impersonal seven volumes comprising the present edition. The quality of his color, the deftness of his handiwork, remaining volumes contain the sum of FitzGerald's the logical effect of his line, the trim assurance of published literary work and translations—the "little his effects." Only five Dutchmen are mentioned in escapades in print,” as he himself used to call them. the book; but the English are treated at length, and Mr. Wright's introduction to the collected edition Constable is given the place of highest favor,- of 1889 and his elucidative passages and notes in Constable, the disciple of Claude. In addition to its the Letters are reprinted here, but otherwise the other excellencies, Mr. Henley's book succeeds in editorial matter is almost entirely FitzGerald's own. presenting a larger view of the scope of art and of The external setting of the edition is irreproachable the art-critic. He is not satisfied with himself till he in nearly all details, the de luxe character being main- has subjected each picture to the brightest search- tained without loss of simplicity or dignity. Possibly light of analysis ; and he is not satisfied with a pic- the binding might be considered a trifle too ornate to ture that cannot stand all his tests. One of his One of his accord with the sober genius of “old Fitz"; but it simplest tenets is that “Imitation for its own sake is no less striking and effective on that account. is the basest of aims, and the pursuit of it can have Each volume contains a frontispiece portrait in but the meanest of results." photogravure. Unless the letters to James Sped- ding should miraculously come to light, this must A definitive It was only a few months ago that an American firm began the publi- writings. remain the final edition of FitzGerald's complete of FitzGerald. cation of a “ Variorum and Defini- tive” edition of Edward FitzGerald's writings, con- It was Lecky who said that the tri- taining in seven large volumes the various versions Sanitary science and public health. umphs of sanitary science form per- and revisions of all the published works. Now we haps the brightest page in the history have before us the first instalment of a ( definitive of our century, and Lord Derby who held that edition de luxe" of the same author, also in seven sanitary instruction is even more important than volumes, bearing in this case the imprint of Fitz-sanitary legislation. Those who wish to read of Gerald's authorized publishers, the Messrs. Mac- the successes of this branch of applied biology, and millan, and edited by his literary executor, Mr. W. those who seek instruction in the art of sanitary Aldis Wright. The nearly simultaneous appear- living in matters of personal and public hygiene, ance of two such publishing enterprises would nat- will find Professor William T. Sedgwick's “ Prin- urally bring them into rather direct comparison ; ciples of Sanitary Science and Public Health” but as it happens a just comparison is not possible (Macmillan) a most complete and satisfactory in this instance, the editorial plans of the two edi- treatise. The writer for many years has been tions being wholly dissimilar. Each supplements the biologist of the Massachusetts State Board of the other, and the FitzGerald enthusiast will not Health, and has rendered public service in matters be content unless both repose upon his shelves. If of water supplies, sewage disposal, and other phases confined to one or the other, our own choice would of public hygiene under municipal or state control, rest with the English edition, on several accounts. unsurpassed for the scientific thoroughness with We are of those who prefer their English authors which the work has been done. This book is written in English dress, for one thing. For another, we with special reference to the causation and preven- are content with FitzGerald's work in the form tion of infectious diseases, and presents in simple which he finally gave it, without regard to the in- and logical form the fundamental scientific prin- termediate revisions and changes — interesting as ciples on which the great practical arts of modern these often are. But the main reason for our pref- sanitation securely rest. It is the outcome of a course erence lies in the fact that the English edition con- of lectures delivered to engineers, chemists, biol. tains the Letters, which being still in copyright logists, and architects, at the Massachusetts Insti- edition de luze - 1903.) 205 THE DIAL A volume on - tute of Technology ; and its illustrations are drawn less of Tennyson the man than of Tennyson the largely from the author's experience in dealing with poet, the writer touches on some of his less familiar problems of sanitation. It treats the subject broadly, qualities. His artistic taste and skill are attested by dealing with the basic principles underlying the phi- the cover of the book, which bears a spray of ivy losophy of cleanness, rather than their immediate as carved by him from nature. The design was application, and while it is thoroughly scientific it is employed in the decorative terra-cotta moulding by no means too technical for the intelligent reader. around the windows of a model cottage on his es- It treats of the natare of infectious and contagious tate. To his young niece the poet gave a solemn diseases, and the means of their dissemination and charge to let the world know how great a sacri- control, of toxins and antitoxins, and of asepsis and fice” he had made in accepting, at Mr. Gladstone's antisepsis, with simplicity and clearness. Not only pressing entreaty, the offered peerage. The devout will physicians and municipal engineers find the side of his nature receives fresh illustration in these work of great value, but its presence in every in- pages. The freedom of the human will and the stitution and school and home would do much to starry heavens he considered the two greatest of lessen the risk of disease and death, and serve in marvels. Pointing to a recently felled horse-chestnut no small measure to correct some popular and all tree that still put forth its blossoms, he likened it too-prevalent fallacies concerning the nature and "to some men who appear blooming outwardly whilst cause of diseases, and the necessity of preventative they are already dead within." His going down on his measures for the protection of the individual and knees to kindlo a fire for a newly arrived guest, and the community. his haste to answer the letter of a frenzied German An admirable treatise on « Title who threatened to kill himself unless he secured the Pages," by Mr. Theodore L. De- poet's autograph before a certain date, illustrate the title-pages. Vinne, is published by the Century simple human kindness of the man. Reminiscences Co. This book, which belongs to a series on the of Charles and Horatio Tennyson, Mrs. Cameron, practice of typography, by one who is a master of Edward Bowen and his brother, W. G. Ward, and the art, is like a spring of cool water in a dry land, other of Tennyson's relatives and friends, give added or a good blast of common-sense in the weary waste value to the little book, which is rendered still further of sentimental disquisitions about printing which attractive by some interesting portraits and an ap- bas been so abundant of late from amateurs and pendix containing selections from the late Bertram pretenders. Mr. De Vinne divides his treatise into Tennyson's privately printed prose and verse. three parts — Historical, Practical, and Critical, which makes a very nice set of distinctions ; and it Dr. George M. Gould, a Philadel- "Bye-strain” and phia ophthalmologist, has written a has, furthermore, no less than twenty-three pages its consequences. little book on of index for four hundred of reading-matter. The Biographic Clinics (Blakiston), that should prove a veritable eye- text of a treatise on title-pages of course deals with type and other allied subjects; and Mr. De Vinne opener, in more senses than one. A pathological writes of them all in a style that is clear and sane, study of the lives of DeQuincey, Carlyle, Darwin, - qualities evidently due to that perspective and Huxley, and Browning, leads the author to the con- sense of proportion which come from long study clusion that their recorded physical ailments were and familiarity with a subject, and a conviction of largely due to eye-strain, resulting from astigmatism its importance and interest. At the end is a title- and easily curable at any time by spectacles of the page in ten different styles, showing the varieties of right kind. It was not opium, he feels assured, that treatment possible. The illustrations are numerous, 80 nearly wrecked DeQuincey's life, but defective and fully carry out the clear expository character of vision. Study thus brought on other disorders, and the text . The treatise will be found indispensable opium probably saved his life, instead of almost kill- to all in any way connected with the making of ing him as the “ Confessions ” would lead one to in- books, while its interest will not be confined to fer. Stress is laid on the theory of reflexes. The these, but will extend to all who have any taste or eye, an all-important and most delicate organ, shifts, fancy in typography. if it can, the penalty of its abuse on to other and less delicate organs. Until recently the real cause of If dealing with any one but a very countless cases of headache, dyspepsia, insomnia, Some fresh bits famous personage, Miss Agnes Grace biliousness, etc., remained unsuspected. Dr. S. Weir of Tennysoniana. Weld's slender volume of reminis- Mitchell is duly honored as the one who, thirty years cences — “Glimpses of Tennyson and Some of his ago, first recognized the pathologic significance of Relations and Friends” (imported by Scribner)- astigmatism. A more than pathologic significance, would hardly be entitled to hearty commendation. according to Liebreich, the Berlin oculist, attaches to But the theme, rather than the treatment, invests it in the case of the artist Turner, the peculiar char- these four short chapters with undeniable interest. acter of whose pictures is thought to be due to the Miss Weld's mother was Mrs. Tennyson's sister, painter's astigmatism; so that if these pictures were and the niece by marriage enjoyed an intimacy viewed through proper astigmatic lenses, their Turn- with the poet that could hardly have been greater erism would vanish. The lay reader queries whether had she been a blood relation. Though showing us Dr. Gould does not push his theory pretty far; but >> 206 [March 16, THE DIAL at any rate his book is suggestive and helpful. A very lic in several popular works. The older literature beneficent, practical application of his ideas would has been utilized, and the author's method of treat- be, as he points out, the printing of all books, were ment indicates that he is not handling the inscrip- it feasible, in white ink on black paper, and also tions as an expert. The publishers' catalogue of the doing away with gaudy gilt picture frames. Eye- forty pages bound up with the book is in question- - . strain would thus be materially lessened. able taste. An account of Rev. George Willis Cooke, whose A mystical Mr. C. H. A. Bjerregaard, the li- Unitarianism occasional writings on matters of interpretation brarian of the New York Public Li- in America. of Omar. church and religion in America have brary, and a well-known authority given indication of his capacity to grapple with these on mystical and oriental subjects, has provided the themes on a larger scale, has at last completed his material for the large volume entitled “Sufi Inter- history of “ Unitarianism in America,” which he had pretations of the Quatrains of Omar Khayyam and originally intended to bring out three years ago, at FitzGerald” (J. F. Taylor & Co.). Necessarily, the the time of the seventy-fifth anniversary celebration labor and erudition which have gone into the mak- of the American Unitarian Association, by which ing of this work are to be appreciated only by those body the book is now published; but the task of who possess in some degree the mystical tempera- preparing the work was too great to admit of its ment. The language in which FitzGerald's pellucid earlier appearance. Mr. Cooke was neither born a stanzas are clotbed have for such readers an inter- Unitarian, nor was Unitarianism thrust upon him. pretation far beyond the ordinary meaning of lan- He achieved it by struggle and search. Conse. guage, either prosaic or poetic. The universe and its quently he is well fitted to act as guide to other most abstruse problems, the intricacies of all philos- inquirers. He wisely chooses to dwell rather on ophy and morality, and the curious learning of re- what Unitarianism concretely is and what are its condite thinkers through many ages, are woven into fruits, than on the theological controversies that the Rubaiyát as Mr. Bjerregaard reads them; and marked its birth and early history. Hence he de- he discloses all these things to those who care for and can understand them. votes large portions of his book to such matters as Sunday-school work, missions, reforms, philanthro- pies, education, Unitarian men and women, and Unitarianism in literature. Our early and middle nineteenth-century literature presents such a pre- BRIEFER MENTION. ponderance of Unitarian writers that they would Mr. T. H. Delabère May has prepared a blank verse seem to be more readily designated by noting ex- translation of the “ Æneid,” which is published in two ceptions than by giving a list. Other departments volumes by Mr. David Nutt. The translator's aim has of worthy activity are almost equally rich in men been the production of a version “ which should be as and women of that liberal faith that so naturally helpful to the student as an ordinary prose crib and prompts to good works and broad philanthropy. more easily remembered.” The translation is faithful The book is a most serviceable manual of reference, and not unpleasing, and the lines are numbered accord- and as a record of Unitarian achievement in Amer- ing to those of Virgil, although of course considerably ica it supplies a want never before so satisfactorily filled. Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., have sent us the thirty-second annual edition of their popular “Satchel The last century has witnessed as- Guide for the Vacation Tourist in Europe," as revised An old story tounding strides in the science of phi- told again. and brought up to date by Dr. W.J. Rolfe, who happily lology; and perbaps in no branch combines Shakespearian editing with European touring, of it has such progress been made as in the investi- and thus indefinitely prolongs a useful life. Dr. Rolfe gation of the old languages of Southwestern Asia. really does correct this little book every year, which is Mr. Arthur John Booth, in “ The Discovery and more than can be said for some books that pretend to undergo an annual revision. Even the fall of the Cam- Decipherment of the Trilingual Cuneiform Inscrip- panile at Venice is noted. tions" (Longmans), retells the story of Rawlinson's “La Perfecta Casada," a moral treatise of the six- great feat in 1835–1846. He prefaces this, how- teenth century by Fray Luys de Leon, is reprinted from ever, by two long chapters giving an account of the the third edition (1587), with variants from the first,fas principal explorers of the Babylonian Valley and a volume of the Decennial Publications of the Univer- Persia, beginning with 1472 A.D. Here we find sity of Chicago. The editorial work is done by Miss several incidents of value that have not been noticed Elizabeth Wallace, who contributes footnotes and an in- by modern writers. Mr. Booth aims to give the troduction. This editorial matter, which is all in Span- reader a definite idea of the contribution made by ish, comprises a bibliography of the more important each traveller to the final and culminating task of editions, a comparative study of the first and third, and reading the ancient languages of Persia. To most some notes on the author's prose style. An index of quoted passages appears at the end of the volume, for scholars, especially to the archæologists, these first the good priest drew freely upon the Scriptures, the two chapters will be of most value. The remainder Fathers of the Church, and the Greek and Latin writ- of the book is a rehearsal of matter already well ers. This work belongs to the octavo series of the Uni- known to scholars and amply spread before the pub- versity Publications. more numerous. 1903.) 207 THE DIAL • ANNOUNCEMENTS OF SPRING BOOKS. Herewith is presented THE DIAL's annual list of books announced for Spring publication, containing this year upwards of 750 titles. With a few necessary ex- ceptions, books recently issued which have been already entered in our regular List of New Books are not named in the present list; and all the books here given are presumably new books — new editions not being in- cluded unless having new form or matter. The list is compiled from authentic data supplied for this purpose by the publishers themselves, and presents a reliable survey of the Spring books of 1903. GENERAL LITERATURE. Letters of Charles Darwin, edited by Francis Darwin, in 2 vols., Illus., $5. net.-Literatures of the World series, new vol.: A History of American Literature, by William P. Trent, $1.50 net. (D. Appleton & Co.) An Illustrated History of English Literature, by Rich- ard Garnett, C.B., and Ed