easy. One thing is certain, unless the method be interesting to the student it is profitless. The Hossfeld Series is probably as successful in its aim “to strike the happy mean as an educational series can be. It neither promises accomplishment without effort nor does it expect drudgery of its students. The Hossfeld Series is planned to lead the student by increasing interest from step to step in the mastery of languages, keeping in sight all the various points of interest in language-study — the fascination of pronunciation, of suggestive construct- ion and phrasing, of telling idiom. The Hossfeld Series is of equal value to those studying the written and the spoken language. : FRENCH English-French Grammar, by Hossfeld's New Method, arranged for Classes, Schools, and Private Lessons $ 1 00 Key to above. 30 Conjugation of French Regular and Irregular Verbs 15 English-French Commercial Correspondent : English-French Dictionary. 30 French-English Dictionary 30 The Two Dictionaries in one volume 60 Modern French Dictionary French Dialogues 45 French Conversations 45 Ігоо 60 60 60 І оо 8 1 00 I IO I IO SPANISH-Continued. 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Key to above Spanish Composition and Idioms Modern English-Spanish and Spanish-English Dictionary I 10 I 00 30 75 TOO DUTCH Dutch Grammar. Dutch Dialogues English-Dutch and Dutch-English Dictionary 45 IO 60 I If you wish to investigate for yourself, write for a specimen copy, which will be sent for your inspection, post-paid, by JOHN LANE, 67 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK 76 (Aug. 16, THE DIAL Early in October WILL BE READY FOR THE UNITED STATES THE THIRD AND LAST VOLUME OF CHAMBERS'S CYCLOPÆDIA OF ENGLISH LITERATURE | This will complete what is conceded by every English-speaking critic in the world to be the most authori- tative, comprehensive, accurate, and convenient general work of reference upon English literature in existence. It includes the whole range of English literature, from the earliest times to this day, and in all quarters of the globe. It contains over two thousand five hundred pages, 5 72 28 43 inches in type measure, clearly and handsomely printed on a fine, strong, white paper, and illustrated with approved portraits and drawings. | It is substantially bound in sober green cloth, with dignified design and lettering in gold, and has gilt tops. | It is edited by DAVID PATRICK, assisted by Mr. EDMUND Gosse, DR. STOPFORD BROOKE, PROFESSOR BRADLEY, PROFESSOR HUME Brown, MR. A. H. Bullen, Mr. Austin Dobson, DR. SAMUEL R. GARDINER, PROFESSOR W. P. KER, MR. ANDREW LANG, MR. GREGORY SMITH, DR. T. G. LAW, MR. SIDNEY LEE, MR. A. W. Pollard, Professor SAINTSBURY, DR. WILLIAM WALLACE, and others. THERE IS A DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS IN EACH VOLUME The Price of CHAMBERS'S CYCLOPÆDIA OF ENGLISH LITERATURE is $5.00, net, per volume (carriage extra) Send for full descriptive circular, showing sample pages Publishers .. J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY .. Philadelphia CLARENDON PRESS The Mediaeval Stage. By E. K. CHAMBERS. 8vo, 2 vols., buckram, $8.50. Studies in Napoleonic Statesmanship Germany. By HERBERT A. L. FISHER, M.A. 8vo, cloth, $4.15. Sacred Sites of the Gospels. With Illustrations, Maps, and Plans, by W. SANDAY, D.D., LL.D., Litt. D., with the assistance of Paul WATERHOUSE, M.A., F.R.I.B.A. 8vo, cloth, $4.50. Mathematical Crystallography, and the Theory of Groups of Move- ments. By HAROLD HILTON, M.A. 8vo, cloth, $4.75. The Educational Systems of Great Britain and Ireland. By GRA- HAM BALFOUR, M.A. Second Edition. 8vo, cloth, $2.50. Aeschylus. Persae. With Introduction and Notes by A. SIDGWICK, M.A. Extra fcap. 8vo, cloth, 75 cents. Aeschylus. Septem Contra Thebas. With Introduction and Notes by A. SIDGWICK, M.A. Extra fcap. 8vo, cloth, 75 cents. OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS AMERICAN BRANCH : : : 91 & 93 FIFTH AVENUE : : : NEW YORK 1903.) 77 THE DIAL BOOKS OF INTEREST AND UTILITY Edited by SHERWIN CODY I. A Selection from THE BEST ENGLISH ESSAYS Illustrative of the History of English Prose Style. With Historical and Critical Introduction by the Editor. The student of English prose style, whether he wishes to write prose himself, or to learn its elements, that he may judge the style of current writers, will find this a most suggestive and enlightening book. The general introduction defines and analyzes the essential elements of artistic prose, and the introductions to the different essayists point out the really important characteristic of each style. The selection, too, is fortunate in giving examples of ten great styles, all different and individual, which the student of English is invited to study and imitate. · By reading such a book, with its intelligent historical and critical comments, it is possible for the average reader to get an idea of the English essay that cannot be secured elsewhere.”—Indianapolis Sentinel. · His choice, both of writers and their works, may be heartily commended."—Boston Transcript. · He has written for the book a preface that is a gem.”—The Argonaut. A Selection from THE WORLD'S GREATEST SHORT STORIES Illustrative of the History of Short Story Writing. With Critical and Historical Comments by the Editor. Since its publication Mr. Cody's book has been adopted by the following educational institutions, as well as many others. University of Minnesota. Delaware College, Newark, Delaware. University of Pennsylvania. Guilford College, North Carolina. University of Chicago. Ogden College, Bowling Green, Kentucky. University of Georgia. Cumberland University, Lebanon, Tenn. State University of Iowa. Butler College, Indianapolis, Ind. Monmouth College. College for Women, W.R.U., Cleveland, Ohio. Emory College, Oxford, Georgia. Indiana State Normal School, Terre Haute, Ind. Mills College, California. Hotchkiss School, Lakeville, Conn. Cornell College, Mt. Vernon, Iowa. High School, Chelsea, Mass. Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. Ethical Culture School, New York City. Vassar College. Chicago Kindergarten College, Chicago, Ill. University of Washington. Albion College, Albion, Mich. University of Kansas. Holy Cross College, Worcester, Mass. Nothing just like it has ever been available, and students of literature have been quick to recognize this fact. This volume is far more than a collection of short tales that may as conveniently be read elsewhere, as the series of fourteen introductions to the various stories constitute the only comprehensive history of short story writing as an art ever published. In form and shape these books are especially convenient, being printed on thin Bible paper, so that in spite of their extensive contents they are scarcely three-quarters of an inch thick. 18mo. Price, $1.00 net; delivered, $1.06. a IN PREPARATION THE BEST TALES OF EDGAR ALLAN POE THE BEST POEMS AND ESSAYS OF EDGAR ALLAN POE The publishers believe that these two volumes, especially the second one, offer the most original and striking study of Poe's art and personality ever printed. Even old students of Poe will be surprised to find in the new arrangement of Poe's criticism a detailed analysis of the general principles of novel-writing and short-story writing, as well as the better known essays on poetry and examples of criticism of poetry, with his many pithy remarks on life and literature gathered from his journalistic book reviews. The books will be of the same handy form and size as the “ Short Stories ” and “Best Essays." Price, $1.00 net per volume. A. C. McCLURG & CO. : : PUBLISHERS : : CHICAGO 78 (Aug. 16, THE DIAL The Johns Hopkins University BRUSH UP ON YOUR ENGLISH BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. If you wish to brush up on your English, you will find nothing bet. ter than Sherwin Cody's "Art of Writing and Speaking the English Language," four handy little volumes (time-saving size, 50 cts. each), “Word-Study," "Grammar and Punctuation," "Composition" (Ben Franklin's Method), and “Constructive Rhetoric." Part I, Business Letter-Writing; Part II., Short-Story Writing ; Part III., Creative Coniposition. Contains Mr. Cody's famous “Art of Short Story Writing," called by Zangwill “ the best treatise on the short story that has yet appeared in English." First-rate books for high school and college review. Ten-lesson courses of private lessons under supervision of the author of these books, a personal letter with each lesson, $5 and $10. SEND FOR CIRCULARS. SCHOOL OF ENGLISH Lake Bluff, Ill. TWENTY-EIGHTH YEAR -- Beginning October 6, 1903. IRA REMSEN, President. EDWARD H. GRIFFIN, Dean of the College Faculty. WILLIAM H. HOWELL, Dean of the Medical Faculty. Instruction. FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS : (a) In Philosophy and the Arts. (Courses for candi- dates for the degree of Ph.D.) (b) In Medicine. (Courses for candidates for the degree of M.D.; courses for physicians.) TOR UNDERGRADUATES : (c) As candidates for the degree of B.A. (d) As special students. Libraries. University 110,000 volumes. 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Not an abridgment of the author's Elements of Zoology, but an entirely independent work adapted for high schools which do not undertake dissections. It is based on observation of animal life and external structure. No detailed study of internal anatomy is called for and no "laboratory" other than the schoolroom is required. Animal activities and life history receive the emphasis. Structure is considered in connection with the use of parts. The elements of animal physiology are so treated as to afford a rational basis for the study of human physiology. **Of the author's ELEMENTS OF ZOOLOGY (484 pp., $1.20 net), Prof. E. A. Andrews, of Johns Hopkins, wrote: “I judge it to be one of the very few good tex! books in Zoology yet produced." Noyes's Organic Chemistry. By Prof. Wm. A. Noyes, of the Rose Polytechnic Institute. 534 pp., 12mo, $1.50 net. Its most radical departure in method consists in the dropping of the division into "fatty" and "aromatic" compounds and in the adoption of what appears to the author a more fundamental and logical classification. Prof. James L. Howe, Washington and Lee University : “It is excellent. I shall, in all probability, use it with my class next year.” Prof. P. N. Evans, Purdue University : “An excellent work. His discarding the conventional division into fatty and aromatic substances has much to recommend it.' Cohen's Physical Chemistry. For Physicians and Biologists. Translated by Dr. Martin H. FISCHER of the University of California. 343 pp., $1.75 net. This volume attempts to give the results that have thus far been obtained by an application of physical chemistry to the biological sciences. Prof. L. P. Barker, Univer rily of Chicago: “It is undoubtedly the best book on the subject for medical students and physicians which has yet appeared in English. I wish that every medical student could read it and understand it.” Prof. H. S. Jennings, University of Michigan: "I think it is an excellent thing and that Dr. Fischer has done us a good turn in putting it into English. I shall recommend it to members of my class in General Physiology." Peirce's Plant Physiology. By Prof. GEORGE J. PEIRCE, of Leland Stanford University. 291 pp., 8vo. $2.00 net. A modern and thoroughly scientific discussion of the general principles of plant physiology, intended for the student or general reader acquainted with the elements of botany. Waters' Ferns (A Manual for the Northeastern States) by C. E. WATERS, Ph.D. (Johns Hopkins). With an Analytical Key based on the Stalks. With over 200 illustrations from original drawings and photographs. 362 pp. Square Svo. (Ready in August.) A popular but thoroughly scientific book, covering all the ferns in the region covered by Britton's Manual. 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Scott's Money and Banking. By Prof. W. A. Scott, of the University of Wisconsin. 381 pp., 8vo. $2.00 net. A plain, straightforward account of the nature and functions not only of money in the stricter sense, but also of the other mediums of exchange, which modern banking methods have elaborated. Prof. Allyn A. Young, of Adelbert College. — There has been great need of a book on these subjects adapted to the use of college classes. Prof. Scott's work seems to supply the want admirably. New York Commercial Advertiser: - A serviceable text-book. . . . Controversial points are presented with impartial fullness on both sides The style is simple and lucid and the chapters on banking are notably complete and satisfactory. Bémont & Monod's The Middle Ages in Europe. (395 to 1270.) Translated under the editorship of Prof. GEORGE B. ADAMS, of Yale. 556 pp., 12mo. $1.60 net. The original work has come to be well-nigh universally regarded as the standard account of the period. Prof. George L. Burr, of Cornell: The book of Bémont and Monod I have long regarded as the very best text-book known to me in its field. Prof. Dana C. Munro, of the University of Wisconsin : I am very glad to see the translation. This is one of the best books we have ever had for Mediaval history. Cheaper Edition. Adams's Science of Finance. Cheaper Edition. 573 pp., Svo. $2.75 net. 80 (Aug. 16, 1903. THE DIAL MR. JACK LONDON'S NEW NOVEL THE CALL OF THE WILD " THE WHOLE STORY is vital with interest." -New YORK HERALD, “ A STORY THAT GRIPS the reader deeply. It is art, it is literature.” -Mail and Express, New York. “A PICTURE that in its wonderful imaginative quality stands quite alone altogether a most exceptional book.” -COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER, New York. " MARVELLOUSLY INTERESTING. . . . It is written in masterly fashion. There are whole pages that thrill like poetry, whole passages that glow with splendid truth.” -The Louisville TIMES. “ EVEN THE MOST LISTLESS READER will be stirred by the virile force of the story, the strong sweeping strokes with which the pictures of the northern wilds and the life therein are painted by the narrator. ... More than that, it is one of the very best stories of the year, and one that will not be forgotten.” The Plain DEALER, Cleveland. “ A BIG STORY IN SOBER ENGLISH and with thorough art in the con- struction. a wonderfully perfect bit of work ... a book that will be heard of. The dog adventures are as exciting as any man's exploits could be, and Mr. London's workmanship is wholly satisfying.” -The New York Sun. - “THE STORY IS ONE THAT WILL STIR THE BLOOD of every lover of a life in its closest relation to nature. Whoever loves the open or adven- ture for its own sake will find · The Call of the Wild’a most fascinating book.” -The BROOKLYN EAGLE. o . “ IN THE FIRST PARAGRAPHS of this superb story the reader's interest is irresistibly aroused and attention is held enchained to the end . . . here is excitement to stir the blood, here is picturesque color to transport the reader to primitive scenes and here is excellence of literary workmanship deserving of unreserved praise.” -The Press, Philadelphia. " It is a triumph. the story is the thing and it is a fine one.”—THE EVENING SUN, New York. Illustrated in colors. Cloth, $1.50. Ask any bookseller for it. Published by THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 66 Fifth Avenue, NEW YORK THE DIAL A Semis Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, postage prepaid in the United Slates, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries comprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must be added. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or postal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO CLUBS and for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application; and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATES furnished on application. All communications should be addressed to THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. No. 412. AUGUST 16, 1903. Vol. XXXV. CONTENTS. PAGB Will- THE EDUCATION OF SCHOOL BOARDS. iam McAndrew 81 84 COMMUNICATIONS Some. Changes in Graduate Studies. H. Foster Bain. Too Much Literary “Study.” M. F. The Literary Method of Teaching English. Sher- win Cody. C. A. L. SOME IDEALS OF SAINTLY LIFE. Richards 86 THE EDUCATION OF SCHOOL BOARDS. Teaching children is by no means the most difficult part of the educational processes of to- day. Traditional home and public sentiment pushes them toward docility. To educate the men who elect the teachers, who pass upon what shall be taught, who decide how much one may have to teach with, who are, fre- quently in practice and always in law, the head of the whole school system, and who not uncommonly regard any suggestion of their need of instruction as an impertinence, - all this is no child's play. One of our most successful trainers of school boards, Mr. A. P. Blodgett of Syracuse, says it takes practically about two years properly to educate an average board member. This will seem to others who have had experience a compliment to the class of men who serve the schools of Syracuse, and to Mr. Blodgett him- self, more than a sober statement of fact. It has taken over a hundred years to bring Amer- ican school boards to their present state of culture, and few have graduated summa cum laude. The fact is that this part of the educational system has been woefully neglected. Among our colleges for every kind of training, there is yet no institution for the education of school. boards; there are no examinations for this position, no certificates of fitness, no course of study. It is time that some up-to-date pub- lisher put upon the market a text-book on “ How to be a School Trustee.” Were I able to carry out such movements as produced “The Committee of Ten,” « The Committee of Fif- teen,” and other working organizations of ex- perts, I would secure such a report from the united efforts of Mr. Eliot, Mr. Harper, Mr. Greenwood, Mr. Blodgett, Mr. Andrews, Mr. Maxwell, Mr. Cooley, Mr. Bright, Mr. Lane, and Mr. Jones. Everyone recognizes the need of such instruction. It should be given in ac- cordance with the best methods of teaching. Some of the subjects of the various chapters are obviously suggested. For instance: The schools are for the children. Any board that does not recognize as the chief root and centre of its every act the eternal welfare of the chil. PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. Eugene Parsons 88 MORE GREEK GLAMOUR. George M. R. Trose 91 92 - TIMELY PROBLEMS IN EDUCATION. Henry Davidson Sheldon Miss Woods's Co-Education. — Bowker's Of Edu- cation. — Miss Dopp's The Place of Industries in Elementary Education. - Eliot's More Money for the Public Schools. — Sinclair's The Possibility of a Science of Education. – Miss Young's Scientific Method in Education. 93 . BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS India before the British subjugation. Russian writers of the 19th century. — The book of old China ware. - The Problem of Variation in plants and animals.-A notable biography of Erasmus.- “Why the Mind has a Body.”—More sketches of the English Lake country. — Psychology for teachers. --Sketches of British statesmen. Historical es- says and reviews.- Leonardo and his work. BRIEFER MENTION 97 NOTES 98 LIST OF NEW BOOKS 99 82 [Aug. 16, THE DIAL ence. a dren of the community has no right to exist pupils. These girls were daughters or nieces Any member who does not stand upon of men who elected the board of education. such a platform should be removed at once To bring into those schools especially pre- from a position which he may unworthily oc- pared teachers cost more than one superintend- cupy but can never fill. Membership on a ent his position. One of the chief features school board is not given to start a man in in a course of instruction to school boards political career. It is not for the purpose should be the demonstration that everyone of caring for any particular ward or district. whose friends ask her appointment is not a The schools are for the whole people. The teacher, and that a board of education selected children will take the effects of their good or as is now the custom is not a trustworthy poor schooling into all districts. The obvious judge of a good teacher. purpose of the schools requires a board mem- To insure the welfare of school children ber to serve children and not men. is a business requiring business-like methods. It certainly is remarkable that, from our School boards are to judge and to legislate, national Senate down, the tendency of repre- not to make speeches before an audience, or be sentative bodies to discuss so seriously their reported to an admiring constituency through own dignity is irresistible even to the delay the morning papers. There is no more reason and exclusion of the service for which they are why a trustee should make speeches at a meet- elected. When I was in the Chicago schools, ing than there is call on a bank director to . the most commonly expressed fear of speakers deliver an oration to his business asssociates. on the floor of the school-board was that they The better systems are gradually working to- might “stultify” themselves. In the case of ward the entire exclusion of speeches. The several resolutions which experiment proved work is being done by small committees; the were unworkable, the members agreed that school boards are being reduced to seven or the resolutions should not have been passed, nine members. In realizing the business nature but that they could not repeal them without of the work of trustees, we are coming back to “stultifying " the board. When a man first the view of John Colet, who founded St. Paul's becomes a member, he is usually frank in School in 1509. After he had built his school, avowing that he knows nothing about the says Erasmus, he entrusted the care of the schools or education ; but very soon he joins property, not to priests, not to the bishop, not with the others in the belief that united board to the chapter, not to the great ministers of the action transmutes ignorance into sagacity, and court, but to the married laymen of the silk that the whole board is greater than the sum mercers' guild, men of uprightness and repute. of its parts. You can get for a good measure And when he was asked why he made this dis- the individual indorsement of each member, position of his property, he answered that there but you may fail to secure action by the board. is no absolute certainty in human affairs, but Thus the whole is less than the sum of its parts. that as far as his experience went he believed Good judges can predict how individuals will there was less corruption in such a body of act. No one knows what a board of trustees merchants than in any other condition or order will do. The supreme need is a policy of work- ing only for the welfare of the school children. The real work of school management must With this there must come a system by which be done by experts. School boards, ever since the board will have in its membership those I have known them, have claimed that there who can test every proposition in this light. are no educational experts; they have also done Good teaching depends chiefly upon the their share to prevent the development of such. teacher. It is a curious commentary on edu. No one knows of a school board that experi- cational progress that most of the advancement ments in a class-room, or that studies instruc- in the raising of the standards of teaching has tion in neighboring cities; yet everyone knows been made in the teeth of the opposition of of many school boards that pass upon the most boards of education. In my school-days, in a vital questions of educational procedure. Some town distinguished throughout the West for one comes before them and presents the reasons its educational facilities, the girls who taught for a certain reform ; it is referred to the ap- us were not required to know how to teach. propriate sub-committee. After some time, They could work most of the examples in the when the arguments have pretty well faded arithmetic, but none of them could develop away, the thing is discussed in committee from arithmetical skill, or any kind of skill, in their the standpoint of the members' own school of men. 1903.) 83 THE DIAL th experience, thirty or forty years ago. That set- dents Eliot and Angell and Harper, and all tles it. The text-books and materials desired the members of the faculties, suspended in the for aid to instruction are not uncommonly same uncertain attitudes in which school boards judged with utter disregard for the end in hold teachers. view. It is still rare for a board to say to a The superintendent of schools must have superintendent: devise the best course pos- enough power to secure good teaching. The sible, tell what you need in the way of space, board must keep hands off what has been dele- apparatus, and books, to carry it out, and we gated to him. To give the head man authority will do the best we can for it. The more com- seems such an obvious requirement of every mon injunction is : here is a building, books organization, that the wonder is why board and apparatus ; do the best you can with them. members so constantly violate it. Philadelphia And yet here is the most complicated process leads in this policy of reducing the supervising in the world to carry out; the development of and teaching force to proper humility. The the minds of children. Here are colleges all most curious feature of it all is the strictness over the world, holding men year after year with which these men in their mercantile con- to study and compare and perfect methods of cerns will avoid hampering their superintend- most effectively and economically equipping ent in bis selection of assistants, or in bis dis- children with mental power. Too often the cipline of them. man skilled in these processes finds his main These are some of the lessons the school obstacle to their employment the very body boards of America need learning. It is a very that one would expect to be his chief assistant practical query as to who is going to teach The experts in engineering, in accounting, in them. One of the plainest duties of a super- law, in medicine, have won their positions. No intendent is to educate his trustees. If he one will win an educational expert's position doesn't speak freely and fully to his board on for him but himself. He can't do it by talk. all phases of school administration, if he does He must become more expert in the art of not fearlessly tell things as they are with the proof. The meetings of the school board is bis design to improve them, he is himself an ob- natural field. stacle. But it is not necessary for him to go You cannot get results if you keep chang. around with a chip on his shoulder, or to blow ing your teachers. School changes, except in his trumpet in the tone of this essay of mine. the larger cities, are notoriously frequent all A school fight is usually an act of folly. Di- through the United States. The annual re- plomacy is not so picturesque, but it goes far- ports of State superintendents, when they come ther. To convince the judgments of men, one to record the placing of teachers from term to must clear the way by winning their hearts. term, remind you of a rapid game of chess. Malcontents who criticize their superiors, even The interests of our children are everywhere though they speak undoubted truth, run the made subservient to the fun of a political risk of a habit of carping which destroys effi- contest. It amounts to nothing more. No ciency. I have worked for school boards so one cares much what the school policy of the long, and have known so many fine men in county superintendent is. He is nominated them, that to suggest even in an abstract man. along with the regular ticket, and he is up or ner, as here, some defects in the management down with it. Rotation in office for a State of schools due to the American school-board superintendent for mere rotation's sake, is the system, seems something like swearing at one's rule in most of the States. Teachers are grandmother. elected by the year. They are birds of pas- The pleasantest way to educate trustees is sage. They cannot buy a bome and cast their to entice them into the schools and to have lot with the community, or make long plans them speak to children. There is a very subtle for its welfare. This is one of the most ab. truth involved in this. It is an actual return surd aspects of school board administration. to first principles. Some writers have advo- In their fear of putting one or two lazy teachers cated the education of school boards by means where punishment would be a little more diffi- of the school-board journal. There are also . cult to administer, they deprive all the schools school-board associations for mutual advance- of that superb increase of efficiency which every ment; but the most powerful agent of all is worker gives when conscious of steady em- the daily press. How the teachers have awak- ployment. I wonder what Harvard, Michigan ened to its use within the past ten years ! and Chicago Universities would be, were Presi- When the college men who have gone into 84 (Aug. 16, THE DIAL teaching keep in touch with their classmates modern college course offers finds the opportunity at his door. who have gone into journalism, the cause of education gains a great ally. It is by this In the period since the opening of Johns Hopkins University, very considerable changes have taken place means, together with constantly improving not only in the amount of graduate work done but in work in the class-room, that the general public its character and in the attitude of the students and will be educated to demand the best schooling the schools toward it. But few years' experience was attainable. As school boards are usually in needed to demonstrate that the men who had taken graduate courses were better qualified for teaching and advance of the general public, there seems to certain other professional positions than those who had be every reason to believe that the whole edu- not done so. As a result, it has quickly come about that cational system will continue by various jerks the Ph.D. degree is almost a sine qua non for a college a and starts to keep moving onward. professorship anywhere in the country. For many posi- tions in the government service it is almost equally WILLIAM McANDREW. essential; and so, from being courses primarily designed to stimulate investigation, the graduate courses have become professional courses designed to fit men for particular positions, and quite comparable to medical COMMUNICATIONS. and law courses. From being centres of research, our graduate schools are becoming schools for professional SOME CHANGES IN GRADUATE STUDIES. training ( To the Editor of THE DIAL.) The American mind loves order and system, and A quarter of a century ago, when Johns Hopkins above all it loves definite accomplishment. The Ph.D. University opened its doors, a new sort of scholastic degree, intended to be incidental to the accomplishment work was introduced in America. Up to that time of research work, has become the end for which research there had been no place in this country where graduate work is in very many cases at least, undertaken. studies had been recognized as of primary importance. There have been many factors which have operated The colleges and universities had been concerned al- to bring this about. One was, undoubtedly, the need most exclusively with the undergraduate student, and of better trained men, better informed men, in the po- while the old fashioned college course had been very sitions into which the new doctors of philosophy have materially liberalized it was still designed to meet the gone. Another, and possibly the most important factor, wants of the immature, to furnish a certain mental dis- lay in the circumstance that most graduate work was cipline and a modicum of general culture. The new taken up at schools where undergraduate work was university bad other and different ideals. It proposed already important. Harvard, Yale, and all the older to concern itself with those who had already received schools, were primarily colleges. Their traditions were the training of a college course and attained to the dig- all founded on this fact. The teachers were primarily nity of a college degree. The hope of the directors of concerned with the immature, uninformed under- the new foundation was that the university would be- graduates. The courses were designed to meet the come a centre of research; that through the opportu- wants of such students. Where professional schools nities which it afforded, material additions should be existed, the relations of the new courses were, for made to the sum total of human knowledge; that it various reasons, closer with the undergraduate work might become a school of research, as distinguished than with the professional. Where the instructor has from a school of instruction. To this end, somewhat developed his methods to meet the wants of under- novel plans were followed in the organization of the graduates, he is apt to use essentially the same methods new institution; unusual sums were spent on equipment when teaching graduates. This is especially true when as distinguished from buildings; eminent men were he has in his graduate courses one year the same men called to the professorships at liberal salaries; and, who were in his undergraduate courses the year before. most unusual of all, a system of fellowships was organ- In this manner it has come about that in a broad way ized, the incumbents being elected, not because of the undergraduate courses have merely been lengthened, pecuniary need, but because of ability to carry on the and an additional degree is granted. actual work of investigation. Provision was made for The graduate schools, instead of being places where the conferring of the degree of Ph.D. upon resident men of maturity come together for wider reading and students upon their completion of a thesis embodying for research work, are becoming schools with increas- the results of some worthy piece of research work. ingly fixed courses of study leading definitely to a The new school proved popular, and, almost from degree, and, in turn, to a definite class of openings in the first, as many students as could be properly ac- life. Research is a means to an end, and is not the comodated were in attendance. Other and older uni- pursuit of knowledge for its own sake. An increasing versities began to alter their courses and emphasize number of young men and women upon attaining to graduate work. Harvard, Yale, and Columbia, among the bachelor's degree, remain in residence and take others in the East, took it up. In the Middle West, up graduate work. Often they do so largely because Michigan, Wisconsin, and other State universities, in pothing else appeals to them as a definite course of particular, followed. New schools were organized action, and college graduates are proverbially at a loss either with a view to encouragement of graduate work for an opening upon graduation. only, as in the case of Clark University, or proposing to All this is a matter of fact. Whether or not it is make it very prominent, as in the case of Stanford and also a matter of protest, is another question. Evidently Chicago. To-day the opportunities for graduate work the change brings with it both advantages and disad- are widespread, and in any portion of the country the vantages, the former in the better filling of many student who wishes more advanced work than even the important positions, the latter in a diminishing emphasis a а 1903.) 85 THE DIAL > m on the desirability of knowledge for its own sake. after he had aroused its interest. Still we cannot Where the balance lies, it will probably require the but think that even he, philosopher as he was, would future to determine. H. Foster BAIN. have shrunk from having the details of the “discontent Washington, D. C., August 5, 1903. and rapture and despair" of his youth thrust upon a set of lads, the sympathetic and the stolid alike. To all this it may be objected that such a course of TOO MUCH LITERARY "STUDY." study as this is never prescribed in any college, and so (To the Editor of THE DIAL.) need be taken up by no student who is wholly out of “The teaching of literature has planted a terrible touch with the writers discussed. But no one who has fixed foot in our schools," wrote Mr. Saintsbury recently, to do with undergraduates will need to be reminded how in his volume on Matthew Arnold. Mr. Saintsbury can often they “elect” a course because it comes at a con- afford to indulge in the luxury of convictions, and is venient hour, or because there is a chance of its proving given to emphatic affirmation, so that one wonders in easier than an alternative. In a popular volume of what terms be would have chosen to express his opinion Harvard stories we have a pleasing picture of a student had the following item, in the course of study of one of in a fiction-course removing his troublesome uncertainty our most progressive Eastern universities, chanced to as to whether Jane Austen was a man or George Eliot meet his eye. a woman by memorizing the verses beginning, English Literature. - English Letter -Writers. — Among the “Good heavens, good heavens ! Miss Mary Ann Evans, writers studied in Course 34 will be Howel, Cromwell, What made you change your name ?” the Verneys, Swift, Pope, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, and so on. Perhaps that is only amusing, and not too Walpole, Chesterfield, Franklin, Byron, Shelley, Mrs. discouraging. There are some literary waters of which Browning, Carlyle, Emerson, Thackeray, Lowell, Fitz- all may well be made to take at least a single draught. gerald and Stevenson. But when not merely the work, but the personality, of But, after all, one does not need to be a recognized writers who at worst have done nothing to forfeit our authority, and therefore a chartered idol-breaker, to respect is subjected to possibilities of much that the question the value of such study for undergraduates, living men would have resented, it seems as if he were perhaps even the right of the university to offer it. driving something of a hard bargain for the fame we And this suggests the whole matter of the propriety of grant our authors. taking up for classroom work, in secondary school or The last decade or so has seen us provided with college, literature which has much of the personal countless numbers of what Professor Dowden has element in it. A study of letter writing in itself is not lately characterized as “ funicular railways to the likely to be objectionable when the letters are literature summit of Parnassus"; and the incommunicable bas or history pure and simple, and are intended by the been communicated, in more or less satisfactory fash- writers for such, or at least for something not very ion, by the simple process of applying the methods different. Many of the earlier writers mentioned in the of chemistry or the physical sciences to the study of foregoing list corresponded with a perfect knowledge literature. But before we congratulate ourselves too some of them in the hope — that their letters might upreservedly upon our progress, might it not be well become public property, and so are fair game for the to consider whether some few divisions of the field of professor. And in the days when “epistolary corre- literature ought not, from their very nature, to be spondence” was a serious matter, any letter was a dif- regarded as exempt from the incursions of at least the ferent thing from the careless unreserved talk between reluctant among the “personally conducted”? intimates we listen to when we read the letters of at M. F. least two of the authors whose names appear at the New York, August 3, 1903. end of the list. “ On n'est trahi que par les siens,” and Stevenson and Thackeray are no doubt sincerely ad- mired by the earnest instructor who is analyzing their THE LITERARY METHOD OF TEACHING “methods” from his platform. A text-book on rhetoric, ENGLISH. printed a few years since, was most enthusiastic over (To the Editor of THE DIAL.) Thackeray's epistolary style, and recommended all Every profession has its jargon. For example, with students who were desirous of becoming graceful letter- what pride does the business man often produce the writers to take the “Brookfield Letters" for their models. crabbed, ungrammatical, unintelligible paragraph which “Great honor to the fireflies, but ...!" he calls a “professional business letter"! And teachers Of course it is the inclusion of Thackeray among the have their professional jargon, too. It is the jargon of letter-writers to be studied which causes us to wince most the classroom, and has such a hold on the average sharply. It is hard to think that to the most sensitive teacher that it is seldom that any teacher can write a of men, — who did his best to escape biography, and readable paragraph for a newspaper or magazine. who wrote to Charlotte Brontë, “If I thought you Now nothing special is gained, either by the business showed my letters to anyone, I would never write you man or the teacher, in using his or her professional another," — should come the fate of having the most jargon, when we have a simple, universal language, intimate of the letters he wrote to the friend who capable of the most varied expression, and intelligible helped him through his broken life studied, perhaps to every body. yawned over, perhaps worse, by successive groups of In the case of the jargon of the classroom, much undergraduates. A score of passages will occur to actual harm is done, for the simple reason that the Thackerayans — pages full of their author's dear non- average pupil is not going to be a pedagogue and has sense, or brave melancholy, — which to think of as no use for pedagogical phrases. He really needs sim- assigned for “required reading” is to shudder. In the ple, plain, natural English, such as the skilled literary case of Stevenson, to be sure, the sin is less indefensible, artist uses in writing for common readers. for the public was always more or less in his confidence One most disastrous outgrowth of the pedagogical 86 (Aug. 16, THE DIAL jargon is the method of trying to teach language by meaningless groups of words. Spelling is taught by The New Books. dead lists of words in spellers; grammar by dead sen- tences; composition by dead illustrative paragraphs. A really interesting connected story can seldom be found SOME IDEALS OF SAINTLY LIFE.* in any book on English. Yet words mean nothing ex- cept as they are used to express ideas (real ideas, not Did it ever occur to the Reverend John fragments). The only object in studying language is Bampton, Prebend of Minor Pars Altaris in the to become able to express ideas; and apart from ideas Cathedral Church of Salisbury from 1718 to language is the merest machinery. his death in 1751, that the series of annual The literary method of teaching English requires, lectures which he founded might not all be of first of all, that the teacher shall possess some skill in inestimable worth? Did it ever cross his mind literary expression. We need a school of English in which the professors shall be real men of letters, the that though the Heads of Colleges in the Uni- whole atmosphere of which shall be literary, and which versity of Oxford, “and no others,” should shall afford the professional teacher of English a pro- duly assemble on the first Tuesday of Easter fessional literary training preparatory to his work. Our teachers of English should be trained side by side term “in the room adjoining the Printing with those who are preparing to become writers of House between the hours of ten in the morning English. A person without literary skill should not be and two in the afternoon," their choice of a accepted by any school as a teacher of English. Bampton Lecturer might not always rest upon Then, when the teacher comes to the classroom, he the right head? Did any uneasy suspicion will discard all the rubbishy spelling-books with life- tease his imagination that even a fellow, tutor, less lists of words, all the grammars with lifeless col- lections of illustrative sentences, all the rhetorics filled and precentor of his college, and a bishop's with rules and directions in lumbering language (for examining chaplain to boot, might test candi. very few rhetorics are decently written). Then he will dates, and lead choirs, and instruct under- teach spelling by drilling the pupil upon some of the fundamental principles of the language, which abso graduates, and be an active member of a col- lutely determine the spelling of ninety-nine per cent of lege corporation, yet still lack the divine “art the 300,000 words of which English boasts; those most of putting things,” without which in the pulpit troublesome words called homonyms will be studied only of S. Mary's his acquirements in music, in in connection with their meaning (that is, their actual letters, in theology, and in administration, use for the expression of ideas); while the three or four would be all in vain? If such forebodings ever thousand common irregular words remaining will be memorized by a rational memory system, which classi- haunted him he doubtless brushed them aside fies and gives all the mnemonic aid possible. as idle ; for he made no provision against them. Grammar will be simplified into a practicable little The Bampton Lectures have a just fame. machine which the student may master as a carpenter Yet the student of all the volumes which, by masters the use of his hammer or his saw or his square, so that it may be used to test the correctness of the the founder's will, must be printed within two arrangement of words in sentences. It will be found months of the delivery of the “eight Sermon- that English grammar is almost •wholly a matter of Lectures," discovers with a sad surprise that word-logic, and that the successful teaching of gram- for the publication of some of them the world mar consists in cultivating the babit of following the could have endured to wait for two decades or logical relationships of words in sentences. This logic two centuries without serious impoverishment. cannot possibly become apparent except in a complete and perfectly logical composition. Certainly the volume for the year 1903 makes Composition will be taught according to the method no epoch. It is not precisely of the fibre of used by Franklin, Stevenson, Maupassant, and all the Hampden or Hatch, of Mosely or Liddon. It is greatest producers of finished literature, that is, by some years since lecturer any setting the pupil to imitate simple masterpieces till in the long succes- he catches the knack of producing something of the sion has deeply impressed the English Church same sort. All the rules of rhetoric should be offered or the Christian public. Can it be that the as concrete essays by real masters, which the student heads of colleges exercise less discrimination in will be asked to study and re-write until he learvs the their choice, or that the English Church pro- art of doing it, regardless of whether he can name the thing or not. duces strong divines less frequently, than of This, in brief, is the “ method of the masters - the old ? In the instance of the volume before us, sort of school in which real masters of English have the author seeks to disarm criticism by the learned their art. The first step toward realizing it pleas of haste, over-occupation, and illness. will be to banish all the meaningless lists of words, the Undoubtedly influenza is not an illuminating collections of meaningless detached sentences and para- graphs, and substitute the simple, beautiful, interesting, THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY UPON NATIONAL and perfectly logical compositions of the great masters CHARACTER, as illustrated by the Lives and Legends of of English prose. SHERWIN Cody. the English Saints. (The Bampton Lectures for 1903.) By William Holden Hutton, B.D. New York: E. P. Dutton Chicago, August 8, 1903. & Co. 1903.) 87 THE DIAL 66 or inspiring influence. John Bampton failed to for those of rare and peculiar eminence in foresee its prevalence, or his insistence upon holiness. - The Deacon is a good man,” we printing within two months had been made less say, but no saint.” The saints, then, in com- stringent. The author may be forgiven; the mon usage, are those heroes of faith in whom book remains for impartial criticism to deal the mood and energy of Christian character with. have been most splendidly revealed. They are It must be said, then, that this is not a bril- single thoughts of God manifested in endless liant or incisive piece of work. If one is look- variety.” ing for clearly conceived or closely reasoned Of course there have been many such “sin- notions of what Christianity has done or can gle thoughts” which have passed unrecognized, do for national life, of how the lives of good saints un canonized who in the truest Apostolical men and the legends that drape them affect Succession have transmitted from age to age the general conscience and conduct of their their pattern of godlikeness. The earliest contemporaries or their successors, he will do saints were canonized by popular acclaim. well to look elsewhere. There is an awkward. The multitude felt the touch and thrill, dis- ness about the very title-page which suggests cerned the virtue that went forth from certain that the author had no strong grasp of his sub- of their kind and spontaneously declared them ject, that he had taken it at haphazard, had to be of the holy fellowship. Perhaps they never grappled with any central or dominating stoned them living, but they enshrined them idea, but had thrown out tentative lines in dead. Later, the Church authorities, bishops or sundry directions, hoping that stray thoughts councils, set their seal of approval upon such might take the book and be drawn in. The instinctive tribute, as in the Eastern church discussion goes on in a rambling, desultory to-day. Not until after the twelfth century fashion, as if the theme had casually occurred did the Popes in the Western church succeed to the writer in the process of writing, and in reserving this power to themselves. Even the materials had arranged themselves as they so late as the fifteenth century, in the case of drifted past. As we lay the book down, we are S. Osmund of Canterbury, all that remained not sure that we can put a finger on any pal. for Nicholas V. to do was to affix his official pable results of the more or less heroic ven- sanction to the anticipative act of the people. tures of S. Adalbert, S. Elizabeth, or S. Louis. There were “ears to the ground "in those days ” That they were effective in their own day, need as well as in very sensitive ears. not be doubted. But who can be sure that It is interesting to be reminded that in the what they did, or what the chroniclers say they matter of national saints, matter of national saints, those recognized and did, has vitally affected the fortunes and char- accepted by a whole race or people, the legends acter of Prussia, of Hungary, of France? It sometimes depict as their typical characteristics is fatally possible to recognize and do homage excellences in which the best and wisest spirits to saints, and to build chapels and churches of the time hold their fellows to be conspicu- in their memory, while in no way sharing their ously deficient, thus spurring them to strain spirit or following where they lead. after ideals at present far above them ; while, Mr. Hutton opens his course by saying that on the other hand, in other times and places, the Kingdom of God in each successive period the legends but discern and disclose in their depends upon how that period interprets for full beauty and glory virtues already inherent itself the Christian ideal, and how it embodies in the national character, thus producing, as it its ideal in human living. Each age freshly were, a composite photograph of the nobler translates the Gospel into its own vernacular, qualities of the people. Thus, the Slavic Saints and illuminates the translation with saintly Vladimir the Great and Alexander Nevski dis- lives. As the original colors grow dim, mellow play the purity, the placidity, the generosity, legends take their place. What was at first a the self-sacrifice of Russian character. Thus, blot blooms out into a halo. The legend, false Joan of Arc, a being unique in Christendom, , to the facts, transfigures the spirit of the life. at once simple child and soldierly genius, em- The miracle of a Christly personality sweeps bodies the chivalry and religion, “the military along with it a train of lesser marvels invented and Catholic and racial aspirations of mediæval or magnified by the popular imagination. In France.” So, “out of the mass of local Ger- " . the first fervor of the New Testament period, man saints emerge the two great names, simple all believers are assumed to be saints. As As and heroic” of S. Boniface in the eighth cen- time goes on, the term seems better reserved | tury and S. Elizabeth in the thirteenth. So ours, and a 88 (Aug. 16, THE DIAL Spain bas S. Fernando the Christian knight, legend it were, than the sand-heaps of much the Crusader, and S. John of the Cross, ex- bald and barren history. treme ascetic yet genuine reformer, men austere So much has Mr. Hutton to say of Saints and even harsh, absorbed in a world beyond mor- in general and national saints in particular. tal sight, and S. Teresa, gay, witty, natural, her In the other lectures, the saints of the English religion a romance, delighting in sacrifice, and Conversion, the royal saints, the monks and serving her God with a gladsome heart. So hermits, the statesmen saints, and the saintly Portugal enshrines S. John of God, “shepherd, women and children, are somewhat loosely soldier, servant, chained slave, a peddler of classed and dealt with. classed and dealt with. It is a Scotch haggis pious books, tortured as a lunatic, a beggar with “ a deal of fine confused feeding,” excel. that he might support and nurse the poor, a lent material not very well handled. There is preacher of conversion, a skilled physician of a valuable appendix, in which for the first time, the soul, his life a life of active beneficence,” from a manuscript in King's College, Oxford, and also S. Francis Xavier, the great mission- is printed the Passio et Miracula Sancti ary, embodying his people's " splendid spirit | Eadwardi Regis et Martiris. In another of adventure, their determination and reckless- appendix, upon English mediæval miracles, ness, their subordination of immediate to far- the writer of the twentieth century is some- distant fame.” what at odds with the traditional churchmen; The exception proves the rule, when we are nor is it easy to predict the issue. The author told that the endless divisions of Italy in me- sees that the question is partly one of evidence diæval and modern - all but recent- times and partly one of a general attitude of mind have forbidden her any distinctively national towards the miraculous at large. He agrees saints, S. Catharine of Siena and her dame- with Dr. Sanday that of the results of the sake of Genoa and S. Francis being treasures contact of personalities filled with the Spirit of rather of the Church at large. Of the three, God with the conditions of the outer world' the last-named comes nearest to the position we have still very much, one is tempted to say of patron-saint of the whole peninsula, the almost everything, to learn.” That safe con- Fioretti being familiar and dear to the children, clusion does not, however, carry us very far. the most popular of literature throughout the It is to be said that the book is well printed and land, fit indeed to be styled “the Breviary of “the Breviary of well bound, and that there is a sufficient index. the Italian people.” It is happy to know that Of the remarkable tribute to Charles the First, in the instance of S. Francis the reality sus- pp. 337–353, perhaps the less said the better. tains or surpasses the legend. “The main out- Not the goldenest of legends can rehabilitate lines are quite clear, quite historic. About the that “ Saint” forevermore. character itself there is no doubt. It is the C. A. L. RICHARDS. details here and there that have been touched, the strange visions that have been amplified.” These are all historic persons, however legend may have used her gold thread to embroider and stiffen the choice stuff of reality. But PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO.* what of St. George of England ? Must we part with him? No, we may be satisfied that The founder of the University of Chicago though Gibbon managed to confuse him with intended it to be an institution of higher edu- au infamous contractor of Cappadocia, later cation. It was to be primarily a school for students have established the existence of a graduate students. Its professors were to be George, also of Cappadocia, in the fourth cen- not merely teachers, but investigators. They tury, whose stout battling with the serried were to extend the bounds of human knowledge evils of his time was typified after the Apoca- by original research, and the results of their lyptic precedent by a fight with a dragon, until studies and experiments were to be published through the loving touches of poet and sculptor from time to time in books and pamphlets. A and painter arose the bright ideal of dragon. part of their vocation was to train advanced slayer, deliverer of a royal princess, earlier students in the use of the scientific method, to Bayard, fearless and stainless, who eight cen- make specialists of young men and women turies afterwards was to be taken into the whose writings would be substantial contribu- Anglican Kalendar and become the patron * DECENNIAL PUBLICATIONS. First Series, in ten volumes. saint of England. Better such a legend, if only Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. > 1903.] 89 THE DIAL a tions to the literature of the subject that they | October, the University authorities planned a undertook to investigate. series called the “Decennial Publications," in The University of Chicago has had as a ten volumes, covering the different fields of definite purpose or policy the development of instruction in which its faculties are engaged. an aptitude for investigative work. The uni- Volumes I. and II. consist chiefly of President versity man of to-day is expected to find new Harper's Reports. The remaining eight vol- truth, and to re-state old truth from the point umes are “Investigations," each volume con- of view of the present. He is to explore taining from 300 to 500 pages, royal octavo. thoroughly some corner of a subject, and, if Each volume has from eight to seventeen possible, throw fresh light on it. He must articles of varying length, dealing with a also cultivate the critical spirit. A part of his group of allied subjects. The articles also mission is to correct errors. In the library appear separately as monographs. There are and the laboratory, instructors and students ninety-two articles in all, of which more than are to seek and find new knowledge. As Pres- seventy are in print. Eighty-five writers, in- ident Harper has said, the province of a univer- cluding President Harper, have contributed to sity is to be “the centre of thought on every the series. When completed, it will constitute problem connected with human life and work, a monument of scholarship and scientific re- and the first obligation resting upon the indi- search. Already a considerable number of vidual members which compose it is that of articles have been issued in separate form as research and investigation.” preprints, each sold at 25 cents and upward. The University of Chicago has been, and It is expected that all of the ten volumes will is to-day, a place of investigative work and be published during the present year, and most literary activity on the part of teachers and of them will be ready in September. The students. The professor has only two hours a character of their contents may be indicated day of class-work; the rest of the time he is to some extent by selecting titles of papers in free to study and write. He is also given each volume, as announced in the descriptive occasional leave of absence (six months or a catalogue of the Decennial Publications, First year), for travel and study abroad. By the Series. system of fellowships and scholarships, a large Volume III. (ready) bas two parts. Part body of picked students are permitted to spend I., - comprising Systematic Theology, Church laborious days in the interests of learning. History, and Practical Theology, - contains Upon instructors and fellows rests the obli- three articles : “ Have we the Likeness of gation to be productive. For the purpose of Christ?” by Prof. Franklin Johnson ; “ Prac- giving to the world the results of their studies tical Sociology in the Service of Social Ethics,” and researches, the University has embarked by Prof. C. R. Henderson; and “The Ele- in the publishing business. ments of Chrysostom's Power as a Preacher," The University of Chicago Press issues reg. by Dr. Galusha Anderson. Part II., ularly some ten periodicals, edited by the head prising Philosophy and Education, contains professors and their assistants in the various two papers by Dr. J. H. Tufts, “On the Gen- departments — “The American Journal of esis of the Æsthetic Categories ” and “The Sociology,” “ The Journal of Political Econ- Individual and his Relation to Society as Re- omy,” “The Journal of Theology,” “The flected in the British Ethics of the Eighteenth Astrophysical Journal,” etc. The University Century "; also two by Prof. J. R. Angell, " A Press has also published many pamphlets and Preliminary Study of the Significance of Par- books. For the most part these publications tial Tones in the Localization of Sound" and bave not been popular in character, although “ The Relations of Structural and Functional interesting to a limited class of readers. By Psychology to Philosopby.” Dr. G. H. Mead their technical treatment of abstruse topics, contributes an article on “Psychological An- they appeal only to students and specialists. alysis," and Dr. A. W. Moore one on “ Exist- They are none the less valuable contributions ence, Meaning, and Reality in Locke and in , to the literature of science, and deservedly Present Epistemology." rank high in the estimation of scholars the In Volume IV. (ready) are nine monographs world over. by members of the departments of Political The University of Chicago opened its doors Economy, Political Science, History, and in October, 1892. In commemoration of the Sociology. Prof. J. L. Laughlin writes on completion of ten years of its history, last “Credit,” Dr. T. B. Veblen on “ The Use of > com- > 90 [Aug. 16, THE DIAL Loan Credit in Modern Business," Prof. Fred problems of Mathematics, Chemistry, and erick Starr on “The Physical Characters of Physics abound in technicalities that are beyond the Indians of Southern Mexico,” Prof. O. J. the average reader. They are characterized by Thatcher on “Studies concerning Adrian IV.,” the exactness of physical science. The eminent Dr. Ernst Freund on “Empire and Sover- geologist, Prof. Thomas C. Chamberlin, pre- eignty,” etc. sents a theory of glacier motion based (1) on Volume V. is made up of eight articles by the growth of ice crystals or glacier granules, men in the departments of Semitics, Biblical and (2) on the rotation and sliding of these Philology, Egyptology, etc. These are chiefly granules on one another. It is opposed to the translations of ancient documents and lin- current theory of viscosity. guistic discussions that can be understood and Volume X. contains seventeen papers by appreciated only by specialists. President men in the different departments of natural Harper contributes to this volume a paper on science — Zoology, Anatomy, Physiology, Neu- “ The Structure of the Text of the Book of rology, Botany, Pathology, and Bacteriology. Micah." At the head of the list is Dr. Jacques Loeb's Volume VI. contains fifteen papers, short pamphlet “On the Production and Suppression and long, relating to various matters of signifi- of Muscular Twitchings and Hypersensitive- cance chiefly to archæologists and linguists. ness of the Skin by Electrolytes," which has There is, however, one exception. Dr. Carl called forth considerable discussion. The in- D. Buck, professor of Sanskrit and Indo- vestigations of Professor Loeb and other biolo- European Comparative Philology, has written gists have a practical bearing. In this paper an interesting monograph entitled “ A Sketch he gives an account of his experiments with of the Linguistic Conditions of Chicago.” | calcium salts as a cure for paralysis, locomotor According to Professor Buck, Chicago is the ataxia, and other nervous diseases. most cosmopolitan city in the world. It is “an In addition to the First Series of Decennial unparalleled babel of foreign tongues," having Publications, the University announces a Second colonies of more than thirty nationalities speak- Series in seventeen volumes. These are to be, ing some language other than English. He for the most part, extended treatises on such says: “Chicago is the second largest Bohemian subjects as “ The Second Bank of the United city in the world, the third Norwegian, the States,” by Dr. Ralph C. H. Catterall; “Light fourth Polish, the fifth German (New York Waves and their Uses,” by Prof. Albert A. being the fourth). In all, there are some forty Michelson ; “Glacial Studies in Greenland,” foreign languages spoken by numbers ranging by Prof. Thomas C. Chamberlin ; “ The from half a dozen to half a million, and aggre. Finality of the Christian Religion,” by Dr. gating over 1,000,000.” B. Foster, etc. Volumes I. to IX. in- Volume VII. (ready), - The Romance Lan- clusive are ready. Other volumes will be issued guages and Literatures, the Germanic Lan- in the fall and winter. guages and Literatures, English, Literature It can be truly said that the University of in English, — has several papers that are Chicago is carrying out the will of its founder. distinctly literary: “The Treatment of Nature It is training specialists who are productive, in the Works of Nikolaus Lenau,” by Prof. and its instructors are making valuable contri- Camillo von Klenze; “Studies in Popular butions to literature and science, as the De- Poetry," by Prof. P. S. Allen; “What has cennial Publications abundantly prove. become of Shakespeare's play • Love's La- EUGENE PARSONS. bour's Won'?" by Prof. A. H. Tolman; “Some Paradoxes of the English Romantic Movement Mr. E. R. Du Mont, Chicago, is the publisher, by of the Eighteenth Century," by Prof. W. D. subscription, of “ The Works of Voltaire” in English. MacClintock; “Omissions and Insertions in The edition extends to forty-two volumes, the transla- Shakespeare's Plays,” by Prof. J. M. Manly: I just sent ús an Index to this edition, which is a stout tions being partly old, partly new. The publisher has Volume VIII. is devoted to the subjects of volume in itself. This elaborate piece of work has been Astronomy and Astro-Physics. The papers The papers prepared by Mr. Oliver H. G. Leigh, and its usefulness give the results of studies and observations by to those who are compelled to fall back upon the trans- Professors Burnham, Barnard, Hale, and other lated Voltaire is beyond question. It is more than a workers at the Yerkes Observatory. dictionary, for it provides analyses of the works, and Some of the titles in Volume IX. take one's is even interspersed with illustrative quotations. Vol- taire's immense correspondence is not included in this breath away. The papers dealing with the edition. George > 6 1903.] 91 THE DIAL > Studies” and the “Social Life,” and that the MORE GREEK GLAMOUR.* standards they have created of historic feeling Mr. Howard Crosby Butler, who is Lecturer and literary method are the present-day criteria. on Architecture at Princeton University, has Mr. Butler, as Lecturer on Architecture at written - The Story of Athens," and in a state- Princeton University, can hardly be indifferent ment which serves as a sort of sub-title an. to this condition ; but all the more from his nounces that the volume is, in intention, “A position must be be aware of it, and since in record of the life and art of the City of the bis volume the Athenian lives do anything but Violet Crown, read in the ruins and the lives live, and there is no exercise of critical faculty of great Athenians." nor any attempt at interpretative value, one Ruins presume architecture; and as archi- must conclude he meant it to be so. On this tecture they are not only the survival for us assumption, the book becomes a sort of special of the rich and vivid background of bygone report, with a good index containing much in- work and days, but something well able, when formation hitherto dispersed, and if life means interpreted, to instill a subtler understanding politics, and art a recital of building operations, of their bygone builders and of the life which library-room may be accorded to this " record streamed before them. Translated thus, we have of the life and art of the City of the Violet architecture in terms of life. The lives of great Crown." Athenians, in terms of architecture, have the And yet, as one houses it under this classi- serious disadvantage of being merely the pin. fication, one knows that many will take the nacles, or acroteria, so to speak, of their social book with no such modification, but will accept fabric; and it is rather a clearer understanding it on the authority of the author's position and of the substructure that we are after, these publisher, and read it as being really the story days. Pinnacles, however, must be more or of Athens. So once again is Greek life ex- less an integral part of the supporting mass ; hibited, but not as a whole ; in its refinement, therefore one passes the great men, and al- but not in its rudeness and cruelty ; in its lows that in both the ruins and the lives Mr. knowledge, but not in its ignorance. Again Butler has legitimate material in which to read we read of Greek architecture as mines of the record of the life and art of the City of mathematical proportions, but we neither feel the Violet Crown. But reading — to read, - - the breeze that blows between the columns nor even a dictionary insists that it is to interpret; realize the people passing up and down the and of this quality, when one looks for a sounder steps. Homer is incomplete without Hesiod ; understanding and a more vivid consciousness and the lives of the Athenian great need at of all that is pent up for us in the word Athens, any rate a mention of the Athenian slave, if one looks in vain. * The Story of Athens," as the reader is to achieve any complete compre- Mr. Butler reads it in its ruins and in its hension of the Athenian life. Also, ruins are lives, but makes one intensely aware that the incomplete without some knowledge of the Athenian accumulation of both since - Omer ritual which inspired them. ritual which inspired them. But of this there struck his bloomin' lyre” has been enormous; is here no bint, nor of any rapport between and over this mass of record a gentle erudite the art and the lives around it, between the mind plays in a manner somewhat prolix. city and the lives within it. Some day the To anyone quite determined to write a sketch book will be written which will not continually dealing with some phase of Greek art and life, refer to the Parthenon as being built on the it must be somewhat discouraging that Pater Acropolis, but will show how it grew out of it, and Mahaffy and Taine already have done so. and will enable us to achieve the broad glance This in no way represents a demand that any. which gives as a whole that of which we already one, - Mr. Butler, for instance, - shall com- know too many details. This has not yet been bine in his writing Pater's sympathetic and done; and, as already stated, the present vol- illuminating qualities with Mabaffy's keen and ume has evidently no such intention. For the stimulating suggestiveness; but it does indi- benefit of the general reader, however, - not cate that we have been educated by the Greek that I care particularly about him, but suppos- ing that Mr. Butler does, it would seem * THE STORY OF ATHENS: A Record of the Life and Art kinder to select a more exact title, or perhaps of the City of the Violet Crown Read in its Ruins and in the to re-write the story. Lives of great Athenians. By Howard Crosby Butler, A.M. Illustrated. New York: The Century Co. GEORGE M. R. Twose. a 92 [Aug. 16, THE DIAL a in this volume in regard to the advisability of co- TIMELY PROBLEMS IN EDUCATION.* education during the period of childhood, but for A number of recent English converts to co- the later period he has this to say: education have contributed their testimony to form "No one who is at all aware of the complexity of the a small volume edited by Miss Alice Woods. Until facts involved or sensitive to the differences in the social very recently, co-education has been merely tol- ideals which consciously or unconsciously, affect people's erated in England, among the lowest elementary down a hard and fast line about co-education. But I for wishes for tbe training of the young, would think of laying schools in the rural districts, from considerations of one believe that in the greater number of cases to be edu- economy. In the last few years, however, a small cated in common with boys throughout the latter part of group of high-class private and grammar schools her secondary school career would not be the best kind of have cautiously begun the experiment. If the pa- training for a girl. Many of the studies most suitable or nec- essary for boys of fourteen and upwards would be a good deal pers in the present volume are in any sense repre- out of gear with her future practical needs, at any rate if she sentative, the experiments must have been unusually is to be a a home maker and still more if she is to be a mother successful; for the authors write with the ardor and of children. Again, at the age in question a girl ought not as enthusiasm of discoverers. From an intellectual a rule to work at the same pace as a boy, nor ought she to play most games as hard as it is good for a robust boy to standpoint, it has been found that the boys and play them." (Page xiv.) girls supplement each other; the interest increases with the introduction of the new system, and dis- One at all alive to the silent drift of opinion must have noticed the growth of a public sentiment cipline is easier than under the old plan. The writers spend much of their space in meeting similar to that here expressed by Mr. Sadler, among á priori moral objections to co-education, which the more intelligent classes in our larger towns seems to be the doubtful point with English parents. and cities. There is a feeling that the old frontier These teachers all testify that although the in- conditions of life which made co-education so neces- structors maintain strict watch, in an unobtrusive sary and salutary in high-schools are making way manner, the relations between the sexes are in a for a much more complex environment. The in- timate associations of the class-room during the vast majority of cases 80 healthful that no in- terference or additional regulations are needed. emotional period of youth means one thing in a Indeed, one writer goes so far as to advocate co- small country town, where every pupil knows by education on moral grounds, holding the view that reputation every other pupil's family and stand- boys' schools must always be subject to epidemics ing; but in a large city it means something far of immorality as long as the boys are maintained different. There is a chapter in the life of many in separate institutions. These teachers found that co-educational high-schools which is never told, be- co-education in no way interfered with the athletic cause it is to everyone's interest to forget it. The efficiency of the boys, or with the cultivation of success achieved by many ambitious girls in reach- good manners among the girls. ing, and often surpassing, the standard originally This view of co-education is, of course, an old designed for the greater strength of their brothers, story to American teachers ; it is also supported is triumphantly used by the co-educationists, re- by the experience of Scotland and the English girls enfeeble their health for life by such achiev- gardless of the well-known fact that many such colonies. Hence we can tentatively conclude that among English-speaking peoples, at least, expe- ments. Until lately, the real issue has remained in the background, while co-education in colleges has rience proves the expediency of co-education for boys and girls below the age of twelve or thirteen. been the bone of contention. On this question, then, it may be said by way of summary, that English As Dr. Michael E. Sadler, of the English Education Department, points out in his introduction to this and American teachers are slowly coming to agree- volume, the expediency of co education through ad- ment, — the advantages of co-education for the ele- olescence (from twelve to eighteen) is an entirely mentary period, and its disadvantages for the pupils different problem. He is in accord with the writers of the secondary age, being seen by both. Mr. Richard Rogers Bowker has added an edu- * Co-EDUCATION. A Series of Essays by Various Authors. cational volume to his series of critical essays which Edited by Alice Woods. With an Introdution by Michael E. Sadler. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co. treat of the different fundamental interests of mod. OF EDUCATION. With Appended Addresses on "The ern life. The first and most important paper in the Scholar” and “The College of To-day.” By Richard Rogers present collection, which discusses education in gen- Bowker. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. eral, follows in its main outlines the well-known THE PLACE OF INDUSTRIES IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION. treatise of Mr. Herbert Spencer. The style is ex- By Katharine Elizabeth Dopp. The University of Chicago Press. cellent, and the author has a genius for catching MORE MONEY FOR THE PUBLIC Schools. By Charles and phrasing the more subtle tendencies of the age. W. Eliot, President of Harvard University. New York: The two remaining essays in the volume, on “ The Doubleday, Page & Co. Scholar, the Making and Use of Him," and “ The The PossibilITY OF A SCIENCE OF EDUCATION. By Samuel Bower Sinclair, Vice-Principal of the Normal School College of To-day,” were written twenty years pre- at Ottawa, Canada. The University of Chicago Press. vious to publication, and form an excellent state- SCIENTIFIC METHOD IN EDUCATION. By Ella Flagg ment of the old ideal of college training. Mr. Young. The University of Chicago Press. Bowker is a firm believer in the theory that the 1903.) 93 THE DIAL а college should equip its graduates with the impor-guages would be introduced into the curriculum ; tant results and methods of thought in the entire vacation schools and mechanic arts high-schools circles of scientific disciplines. This ideal is some- would be established. times defended to day, but its realization is seldom The recent criticism of a distinguished psycho- attempted. The merits of Mr. Bowker's book are logist aimed at certain pedagogical thinkers has largely literary ; its appeal is to the general read. provoked in reaction a large number of protests, ing public, and its value is largely that of an in- two of which are now before us. Professor Sinclair, troduction. vice-principal of the normal school at Ottawa, Can- “ The Place of Industries in Elementary Educa- ada, bases his argument on “the possibility of a tion," by Miss Katharine Elizabeth Dopp, contains science of education” on the returns to a question- a careful elaboration of the social basis of early naire syllabus which he issued to a number of uni- education as set forth by Dr. Dewey of the Univer-versity professors and presidents. A large majority sity of Chicago. The introductory chapter is a clear of those responding - forty-five out of fifty-seven- statement of the main outlines of the Dewey theory. favor the professional training of teachers. These In the second chapter on “ The Significance of In- replies, which Professor Sinclair publishes in an dustrial Epochs,” we find a careful and suggestive appendix, show the drift of opinion among one class study of the reaction of the different industrial of professional men, and are interesting reading. periods on race intelligence. The third chapter is As professor Sinclair tells us nothing concerning psychological, treating of the origins of Attitudes the opportunities which these scientists have bad that underlie Industry; and the fourth is peda- for observing educational problems and conditions, gogical, showing how the essential values of early we must assume that in this respect they were industry are to be obtained in the modern city simply average men; in which case their opinions, school-room. The author directs the attention of except those of the presidents, are about as much teachers to anthropological material which can be to the point as would be the judgment of a number utilized in the schools. The conclusions are briefly of expert engineers on the case method ” of study- put in the fifth chapter. The book is provided with ing law. Professor Sinclair's thesis is developed an excellent index. The author has evidently lav- with great care and an abundance of scientific no- ished time and attention on the logical development menclature. He first refutes certain popular fal- of a single vein of ideas, and in consequence her lacies, then explains what he means by the “ dynamic work is conspicuous among educational books for conception of educational science," and finally indi- good workmanship. Her thesis is so intertwined cates the value of such a science to school-teachers. with Dr. Dewey's ideas, that it must necessarily His conclusions are safe and cautious, and would stand or fall with them. probably be accepted without difficulty by all per- In three addresses now published in book form, sons qualified to express an opinion. As a rule, President Eliot of Harvard has “taken account of Professor Sinclair's results are too obvious and stock" as far as the American public-school system general to be of much service to instructors in ped- is concerned. The first chapter might be charac- agogy, and too technically phrased to reach the terized as treating of " What the public school has public. The real problems in the professional train- failed to do.” An enumeration of the weak points ing of teachers are those of concrete methods and in American life gives us this indictment: as a na- results, which Professor Sinclair leaves untouched. tion, we are characterized by excessive alcoholism, Miss Young's paper on “Scientific Method in a vast amount of gambling, municipal misgovern. Education " is an able but brief description of the ment, numerous crimes of violence, yellow journals need for a science which sball treat education at and theatres, strikes, faith in patent medicines, and first hand. It is published as one of the decennial the spoils system of appointments. President Eliot publications of the University of Chicago. in his second address shows us the golden side of HENRY DAVIDSON SHELDON. the shield. In the field of education proper, there has been much progress in the last generation. Among the most important improvements have been the introduction of kindergarten methods, the BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS. expansion of the elementary curriculum, the organ- India before The history of India during the ization of improved systems of secondary education, medieval period is a story of for- a higher standard of admission to normal schools, eign domination. After many futile larger employment of educational experts, and in attempts on the part of Western peoples to obtain creased attention to the education of the body. As a foothold in the land of the Hindu, finally, at the the title states, the book is a plea for more money ; beginning of the eleventh century, the Muslim and in the last address President Eliot tells us what Turks established themselves in Northwestern he would do with more money if he had it. Med. India, and gradually, during the eight hundred ical supervision and more sanitary school-houses years which followed, brought under their sway all would be secured ; while more male teachers, and the country from the Himalayas to the Krishna a smaller number of pupils per teacher, would be River. The story of this foreign occupation is provided for. Music, drawing, and modern lan- now told by Stanley Lane-Poole, M.A., Litt.D., subjugation. 9) the British 94 [Aug. 16, THE DIAL en. 46 be M.R.I.A., Professor of Arabic at Trinity College, who close it, fifty-three writers are recognized, each Dublin, in “Mediæral India Under Mohammedan being represented by a brief biography, and a selec- Rule" (Putnam). The work is a chronicle of tion, or group of selections, from his work. An kings, courts, and conquests, the story of the important feature of this volume is offered by the lives and deeds of a few great men and great wom- selections that represent Russian criticism, since In the history of Western races, we find our these provide us with a commentary upon the very greatest interest in the people themselves, in the nineteenthcentury Russian literature to which the development of constitutions, of civic rights, of volume is devoted. volume is devoted. Professor Wiener's introduc- individual liberties, or in the evolution of self-gov- tory essay is thoughtful and suggestive. Perhaps ernment. But in Oriental history there is nothing its most significant passage is the following: “Lit- of this sort. The masses of India know nothing of erature has been in Russia the field in which all these things. They have had kings with despotic the battles of progress have been fought. As there power since time immemorial. They believe that does not exist a representative government, where “power is a divine gift, to be exercised absolutely political opinions may struggle for recognition, and by God's anointed, and obeyed unquestioned by as there cannot exist a public opinion based on every body else;" and, seemingly with no vain traditions and class interests, literature alone ap- longings, no murmurings, no dissatisfaction, they pears as the medium for advancing social and submit to domination, saying: “Whatever king political ideas; and since scientific treatises reach may rule, there will still be plague and famine, and but a vanishing proportion of the nation, belles- constant but not energetic labor; and so long as lettres proper have in Russia become the means for the rice and millet grow, and salt is not too dear, inculcating and propagating truths. In the begin- life is much the same, and the gods may pro- ning of the nineteenth century this was not yet so pitiated. The difference caused in the rayat's life apparent, and literature for arts' sake could hold by a good or a bad king is too slight to be worth ts own. But with the advancing democratisation discussing. The good and the ill are alike things of society, literature gathered ever more around of a day; they pass away as the life passes when camps with definite ideas, and literary art receded the king decrees a death or massacres a village ; more and more and lived out its day in oblivion." but others follow, and the world goes on, and the will This Russian anthology that Professor Wiener has of God is eternal.” Aryan, Hun, Greek, Persian, edited is a very valuable addition to the library of Rajput, Turk, Afghan, and Mongol rulers, with the student of literary history, who should be their followers, in turn bave settled in India, and extremely grateful for this means of making an remained there for years; yet they have scarcely acquaintance, almost at first hand, with all that is touched the soul of the people. There has been no most important in the literature of the great and assimilation of either foreigners or their ideas. The little-known Russian people. A minor but very subject-matter of Professor Lane-Poole’s book is genuine cause for gratitude will be found in the intensely interesting, and, presented in easy, fluent fact that the pronunciation of proper names is style, is delightful reading. It is history with all indicated throughout the work, a matter of no little the charm of romance. There is an ample number importance when we take into account the capricious of illustrations, in all, fifty-eight, - prints of - - distribution of accents in Russian names. portraits of Moghul Emperors, and of their palaces, mosques, and tombs. The appendix gives chrono. “On a small plate one may read the The book of logical and genealogical tables which supply details history of a nation.” So Mr. N. H. omitted in the narrative. A list of the best works Moore, the author of " The Old China Book of European travellers during the seventeenth cen- (Stokes) paraphrases Carlyle's fa- tury is of especial value to those who wish to go mous saying, “From a small window one may view the infinite.' " While the book contains much exact more deeply into the subject than does the author in a work which aims to be only the outline of a information about English pottery and its makers, long, long story. it also possesses literary charm and interest for the general reader. The author's treatment of the sub- Professor Leo Wiener's “ Anthology ject is much broader than that of a mere collector, of Russian Literature" (Putnam) of the 19th century. and the book gains greatly thereby. He studies has now been completed by the plates and jugs as “valuable historical documents” publication of the second volume, dealing with the and his pages are full of interesting details con- writers of the nineteenth century. More strictly cerning notable persons and places. Of especial speaking, the scope of the work is the first three- interest are extracts from letters of Washington quarters of the nineteenth century, for the last and Franklin, showing that in the midst of grave decades and the younger writers of to-day find affairs they knew the charm of "old blue.” The scant representation. Of men born since 1850, only china made in commemoration of Lafayette's visit seven find a place, the last two being Mr. Pyeshkov receives careful description; also that celebrating (Gorki), and Professor Merezbkovski, neither of the opening of the Erie Canal, and pieces that pic- whom could well be omitted. From Karamzin ture landmarks long since removed. “ We are too and Krylov, who open the volume, to these two anxious to renew, rebuild, pull down and put up 2 а old China ware. a Russian writers 1903.) 95 THE DIAL A notable a a something larger and better," says Mr. Moore; and inclines to a belief in the direct action of the en- he finds in the love of old china a remedy for the vironment upon the germ-cells, which differs but hurry and unrest of modern life. The history of little from inheritance of acquired characters. This English pottery is traced from the earliest examples, is a stimulating book for biologists, sociologists, made about 1560, through the "golden age of and philosophers. Wedgwood, down to the present time. China made Certain books are of such a char- for the American market during the early part of biography acter that the reader's first impres- last century is especially described, particularly the of Erasmus. sion is not one of details at all, but wares made in Staffordshire by Wood, the Clews, rather of the work as a whole. Such a book is Mr. Stevenson, and others less well known. The ac- Ernest F. H. Capey's “ Life of Erasmus (Dat- count of Josiah Wedgwood and his work is very ton), and on laying it aside the first thought is, “ full; while porcelain made at Derby, Worcester, charming bit of biography." Considering the and Chelsea receives due attention. Mr. Moore separate chapters, one finds the earlier ones are not discusses at some length processes of manufacture, quite up to the level of the rest. One misses in marks of identification, and the present value of them an adequate statement of those facts of treasures once stored away in dusty corners of the heredity and environment that were so potent in attic. The many fine illustrations and the com- developing the career of the great humanist. But plete index add to the usefulness of the book. The no such criticism of inadequacy can be made of author frankly acknowledges that he wrote for those portions of the book dealing with the period the “happy pos8e88ors of a hobby," and surely the of his real activity. The emphasis is properly laid charm of his book will go far to increase the num- upon his immense, and now well-nigh forgotten, ber of those fortunate people. importance as a man of letters, it is hard to re- The problem Since the time of Darwin, great ad- alize that with the passing of Latin as a universal of Variation in vances have been made in the study enjoyed the general European repution of Erasmus, language no modern writer, not even Goethe, has plants and animals. of the phenomenon of variation in - but his relation to the Reformation is also well plants and animals. Statistics and higher mathe- and clearly discussed. In the pages of this little matics have been called upon to define and delimit book the man becomes a definite personality. His the process as it occurs in nature, and the experi- weaknesses are by no means passed over, bis sane mental method has been utilized to unlock the and enlightened views — often so far in advance of secret causes at its foundation. Dr. H. M. Vernon, of Magdalen College, Oxford, has been one of the his age, so strikingly modern --- are duly and fairly foremost investigators and experimenters in this presented. There is no attempt, however, to ex- field, and he has summarized his own work and ploit the hero. A wise reticence is also observed that of others upon this problem in his recent book, in dealing with some questions when the evidence * Variation in Animals and Plants” (Holt), in a is not conclusive ; while the mass of legend, both creditable and otherwise, is altogether ignored. An critical way, and relates his conclusions to the prob- lems of evolution and heredity. While thoroughly glish translations of the works of Erasmus and a excellent bibliography, with special mention of En- scientific, this book is not over-technical either in biological terminology or mathematical methods. selected list of biographical studies and magazine The intimate relation which variation bears to articles, is appended; while an admirable index evolution and heredity, and the timeliness and completes the book and makes it an available tool for the special student of literature or history, as thoroughness of Dr. Vernon's treatment of his sub- well as a work that will attract the general reader. ject, make his book a desideratum to all investiga- tors and thinkers on these vital subjects. After a All special students of the subject discussion of the measurement of variation, the au- “Why the Mind has a Body." are agreed that to mental every thor takes up dimorphism and discontinuous vari- state there somehow “corresponds ation, including De Vrie's theory of Mutation. a state of the brain. But in the interpretation of Correlated variations, especially in man, and the the how, authorities differ to-day almost as widely action of genetic selection in human evolution, com- as they did a generation ago. The fact is that the plete his discussion of the facts of variation. The problem, despite its paramount importance, has not causes of variation are treated very fully, including been studied with the circumspection and care it amphimixis, reversion, prepotency, sports, monsters, deserves. Those who are in any degree interested bad variation, hybrids, and the recently rediscovered in the subject will accordingly welcome Professor C. A. ing effect of the environment, with age and with millan), for here will be found a comprehensive and growth, is formulated into a law, and the effects of detailed survey of the field by one who is thoroughly migration in increasing variability are noted. The equipped for his work. Professor Strong first ex- author is inclined to tbink that Darwin overesti- amines, at some length, the more important current mated the effect of domestication in causing hypotheses as to the relation of mind and brain. variations, since the study of wild animals has re- Their conflicting claims, he concludes, cannot be vealed equal divergences in nature. He also I adjudicated without an inquiry into the real nature 66 a 96 (Aug. 16, THE DIAL His scope More sketches Sketches of British statesmen. of both terms of the relation. To this topic, with gaged in the profession that we often laud in theory its ramifications, he accordingly devotes the second and disdain in fact. It is not easy to offer to that part of the book. From the vantage-ground thus large company of workers in the field of letters gained he proceeds, in Part Three, to subject the something that will furnish inspiration for the con- reigning theories to a re-examination and to state siderable drudgery of the work, and a guiding light his own solution. The work of the first two parts through maze-like and unilluminated paths. Dr. is very well done. The treatment is clear, objective, Judd believes this can best be done by presenting fairly thorough, and in the main convincing. But concrete illustrations of the growth of mental ac- in the last part the author too often shows undue quisition and attainment in the history of the indi- haste to arrive at the conclusion of his journey. vidual and of the race. His success goes far to His criticism becomes, at important points, super- demonstrate the correctness of his aim. ficial; while the formulation of his own position is of topics is wide and advisedly selective rather that left too abstract, and, apparently, exposed to obvious systematic. The teacher's world, like that of every- objections. Professor Strong, however, promises to one else, is full of a number of things, and its va- develop the positive side of his thesis at length in riety is the antidote to the prescribed monotony of a second volume. There we may expect his theory the earlier and conventional experience. The story to appear in the needed clearness and concreteness. of the growth of writing among men, the change of There too the objections that can be urged against it educational ideals with the march of the centuries, will doubtless be considered with the care to which the encounters with fact by which knowledge grows, they are entitled. and the analysis of the interpretation of experience, Canon Rawnsley has just published furnish a suggestive background for the setting of of the English his fifth book on the subject of the tasks and the training of the young idea. Dr. Lake country. Lake Country and the literary lights Judd's book, while not achieving an unusual or that have added so much to its interest. This epoch-making importance, is distinctly successful latest volume, which is charmingly bound and in the well-defined field that it covers. illustrated, is called “ Lake Country Sketches Few men can write more entertain- (Macmillan). The opening essay gives some rem- iniscences of Wordsworth that are yet lingering in ingly on politics and other current topics than Mr. Justin McCarthy. the minds of various humble folk who in their youth His long and intimate acquaintance with the public served in one capacity or another at Rydal Mount. All agree that the great poet was wont “ to say men of Great Britain, bis even longer training as a nowt to noabody,” and “to bum and boo about," journalist, and his always genial spirit, combine to make his new volume, “British Political Portraits that is, to mumble to himself; not one of them seems to have cared much for him, all found genial (The Outlook Co.), a desirable book for the hammock or the train. The matter was originally Hartley Coleridge more to their liking, and all were written as sketches for “ The Outlook.” Thirteen of the opinion that Coleridge and the poet's sister, British statesmen are portrayed, among them Bal- Miss Wordsworth, wrote his poetry for him. It is a curious fact that to-day few of the country folk four, Morley, Bryce, Labouchere, Lord Rosebery, and John Burns. These and others are treated round about where Wordsworth lived have read his with light touch and a full measure of appreciation. verse or even possess copies of it. One peasant, Whether they were the writer's political foes or when questioned about the poems, answered: Well, friends, their virtues are duly set forth and their you see, blessed barn, there's pomes and pomes, and Wudsworth's was not for sec as us.' ." With the ex- faults are almost shown to be virtues. There is ception of a sketch called “Wordsworth at Cocker- little in the book for one whose knowledge of British mouth,” the book concerns itself with descriptions politics is at all extended, but the sketches will be of value to those who may desire to become ac- of the country side, its quaint characters, and bits of folk-lore. Character sketches, like “A Skiddaw quainted with the men whose names are prominent in British affaire. Shepherd,” gives one a good idea of the material “ Historical Essays and Reviews," which Wordsworth had at his command when he written by Dr. Mandell Creighton, wished to picture men of fine character in the hum- D.D., D.C.L., LL.D., and edited by bler walks of life. In style, Canon Rawnsley's work is delightful. In simple English he tells of his Miss Louise Creighton, is a volume made up of loved Lake Country in its varying moods, revealing eleven essays on historical subjects and four book in all that he writes his own charming personality, reviews (Longmans, Green, & Co.). These chap- his intense love of and sympathy with nature, and ters, which have no especial connection with each other, the editor states in the preface are grouped with his own human kind. together for the reason that they illustrate the Dr. Charles H. Judd, of Yale Uni- author's activities. Six of the eleven essays treat of Psychology versity, has put forth a very help- Italian characters, most of whom lived during the for teachers. ful book, "Genetic Psychology for Renaissance period ; three of the four reviews are Teachers ” (Appleton), that is likely to find, as it on Italian subjects; the rest are English, with the deserves, a wide circle of readers among those en- exception of descriptions, very elaborate in detail, a a Historical essays and reviews. 1903.) 97 THE DIAL 91 » > - of “ The Two Hundred Fiftieth Anniversary Com- Mr. Merrick Whitcomb's "A History of Modern memoration Exercises at Harvard University” and Europe” is a new “ Twentieth Century Text-Book” “The Imperial Coronation at Moscow"; and all published by the Messrs. Appleton. We have frequently appeared originally in various English magazines. had occasion to commend the books prepared for this series, and this latest addition to their number is a work A knowledge of the books discussed would add to of exceptional importance. Its distinctive features are the interest of the reviews, which apart from that found in the selection of illustrations, in the fact that knowledge depends largely on the author's scholarly more than half of the volume is devoted to the nine- and brilliant style. teenth century, and in the source-material offered with The life of Leonardo da Vinci, writ- the several chapters. These source extracts are neces- Leonardo sarily brief, but they are chosen with singular judicious- ten by Dr. Georg Gronau and trans- and his work. ness, and often illuminate in a quite unexpected way lated from the original German by the narrative text. A synopsis of “leading events Frederick Pledge, is a very interesting little book affords a useful method of summary and review. issued in the " Popular Library of Art” (Dutton). A quarter of a century ago, plant physiology was a The author does not attempt to go into the details subject that hardly existed for teaching purposes, or of the numerous controversies concerning the facts otherwise than as an abstract division of botanical of Leonardo's biography and the authenticity of science theoretically posited, but not worked out in any certain of his works, or rather of the works attrib- systematic way. Now, every department of botanical ated to him, but gives the data for which there is a sizable college gives courses in it, and text-books, authority, his own conclusions on disputed points, both German and English, exist in numbers. The and descriptions of his work with an ample number latest addition to them is " A Text-Book of Plant of illustrations. What he offers in the way of Physiology,” by Dr. George James Pierce, which has biography is all that is really known of the great just been published by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. It is a work of considerable dimensions, for advanced genius, yet the book leaves one with a feeling of college use, and is based upon a teaching experience of disappointment. One wishes to know so much more several years with the subject. The author states his of Leonardo the man, and regrets that this versatile aim to have been “ to express safe views rather than master left comparatively so little, and that, of what to echo the most recent,” which is a very wise plan in he did leave, so much has been lost, or is in a poor dealing with so rapidly-developing a subject. state of preservation — as, for example, the paint- Recent text-books in French include " Easy French " ing of “ The Last Supper.” (Heath), a reader for beginners, by Messrs. W. B. Snow and C. P. Lebon; Augier's and Foussier's “ Un Beau Mariage" (Holt), edited by Messrs. Stuart Symington, L. R. Herrick, and L. E. Cadieux; Augier's BRIEFER MENTION. and Landeau's " Le Gendre de M. Poirier" (American Book Co.), edited by Dr. Edwin Carl Roedder; Daudet's “ The Surd of Metaphysics," a volume sent us by “La Belle-Nivernaise" (Ginn), edited by Mr. Frank the Open Court Publishing Co., is one of the most in. W. Freeborn; Mérimée's “Colomba” (Ginn), edited teresting and valuable of the many philosophical wri- by Dr. Albert Schinz; and Hugo's « Les Miserables" tings of Dr. Paul Carus. It is an inquiry into the (Heath), edited and greatly abridged by Professor (). B. question of the Ding an Sich, and its author, although Super. Recent Spanish texts include “ Schilling's Span- recognizing the importance of the Kantian doctrine, ish Grammar” (Holt), translated and edited by Mr. and even its necessity at a certain stage in the evolution Frederick Zagel; Señor Galdos's “Electra” (American of thought, rejects it as no longer tenable, and as a Book Co.), edited by Mr. Otis Gridley Bunnell; and mere philosophical superstition. While we are hardly the “ Marianela” (Heath) of the same author, edited by willing to admit that this discussion really eliminates Messrs. J. Geddes and F. M. Josselyn, Jr. the “thing-in-itself” from philosophy, we are glad to The following German texts are published by Messrs. pay tribute to the stimulating and suggestive character Henry Holt & Co.: “ Beginning German,” by Dr. H. C. of the arguments advanced by Dr. Carus, and to the Bierwirth ; Goethe's “ Egmont,” edited by Professor interest of his summary of post-Kantian opinion upon Robert Welles Deering; and Herr Adolf Wilbrandt's this subject. Comedy, “Jugendliebe,” edited by Professor Théodore “The Basis of Morality,” by Arthur Schopenbauer, Henckels. Messrs. Ginn & Co. publish Heine's “ Harz- is the most important of the philosopher's minor works reise with a selection from the “ Buch der Lieder," hitherto untranslated into English. A translation bas edited by Mr. Leigh R. Gregor. Messrs. Scott, Fores- now been made by Mr. Arthur Brodrick Bullock, and man, & Co. publish Schiller's "Maria Stuart," edited is published by the Macmillan Co. This is the famous by Dr. Carl Edgar Eggert. Messrs. D. Appleton & Co. essay that was not crowned by the Danish Royal Society, publish Goethe's “ Hermann und Dorothea,” edited by a rejection upon which Schopenhauer afterwards com- Professor Arthur H. Palmer. The following French mented in his most caustic vein of irony. It is a pity texts are published by Messrs. D. C. Heath & Co.: that the translator should not have given us these Saintine's “Picciola,” edited by Professor 0. B. Super; comments, which form the introduction to the German About's “ La Mére de la Marquise,” edited by Dr. edition, as well as the text of the essay itself. As for Murray Peabody Brush ; and Erckmann-Chatrian's the main work, it is one of the soundest and most stim- « Le Juif Polonais,” edited by Mr. Edward Manley, ulating of ethical treatises, and we cannot urge its read- Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. publish “Simple French," ing too strongly upon those who have not yet made its edited by Mr. Victor E. François and Professor Pierre acquaintance. F. Giroud. ) " 9 ") 98 [Aug. 16, THE DIAL " 66 a This Monument is Erected by his Grateful Brethren NOTES. in Literature. Born 14 August, 1836. Died June, The two Books of Esdras, edited by Dr. Archibald 1901.” The incription conveys some idea of the activ- Duff, form a new volume in the “ Temple” Apocrypha ities of the man outside his books. published by the J. B. Lippincott Co. “ The Under Dog" volume of short stories by Mr. Thackeray's “ The Adventures of Philip,” in two F. Hopkinson Smith, already published in the ordinary volumes, is added by Messrs. J. M. Dent & Co. to their trade form, has now been added to the “ Beacon" sub- pretty new edition of the novelist's writings. scription edition of Mr. Smith's writings, making the The “ New Testament Apocryphal Writings,” edited tenth and concluding volume of the set. The Messrs. Scribner are the publishers. by Dr. James Orr, form the latest addition to the "Temple " Bible published by the J. B. Lippincott Co. An “Anthology of English Poetry: Beowulf to “ The Harkriders," a novel by Mr. Opie Read, based Kipling,” has been prepared for the use of schools by Dr. Robert N. Whiteford, and is published by Messrs. upon the author's popular play of that name, has just B. H. Sanborn & Co. The book has a sensible intro- been published in an illustrated edition by Messrs. Laird & Lee. duction, and there are also notes, critical quotations, and suggestions for class exercises. “ Light Waves and their Uses," by Professor A. A. A volume on the artist Whistler and his work will Michelson, is a volume in the octavo series of the decennial publications now being issued in such num- be among the more important art books of the coming autumn. It is the work of Mr. Alfred G. Bell and Miss bers by the University of Chicago. Nancy Bell, and its publishers (Macmillan Co.) will Professor Thomas Marc Parrott has edited for furnish it with forty half-tone reproductions of Whist- Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. a school text of “ The ler's most interesting pictures. Merchant of Venice," which makes a creditable addition Dr. D. S. Jordan, President of Stanford University, to the “ English Readings" series of that house. bas in press for publication by Paul Elder & Co., San An “Elementary Chemistry,” by Dr. Robert Hart Francisco, “ The Voice of the Scholar, and Other Ad- Bradbury, is a new educational publication of the dresses on the Problems of Higher Education.” Various Messrs. Appleton. It has portrait illustrations, and a practical subjects, as “The Building of the University," laboratory manual appended and separately paged. College Spirit,” and “ The University and the Busi- An addition of especial interest to the “ American ness Man,” are among those discussed. Men of Letters Series" is the Life of Sidney Lanier Amidst the endless succession of new novels, it is which Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. announce is to be written by Professor Edward Mims of Trinity College, pleasant to note the continued vogue of that excellent work of the late Paul L. Ford, “ The Honorable Peter Durham, N. C. Sterling." Its publishers, Messrs. Henry Holt & Co., “ Recent European History, 1789–1900,” by Dr. announce the issue of its forty-eighth edition ; this l George Emory Fellows, is published by Messrs. B. H. record being surpassed by that of but one other novel Sanborn & Co. It is an illustrated text-book suitable issued by this house .« The Prisoner of Zenda," now for the work of secondary schools that offer courses in in its ty-fifth edition. modern European history. The new volume of poems by Mr. Rudyard Kipling “ Essentials of German,” by Professor B. J. Vos, is the first collection since 1896 — which Messrs. published by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. Another Ger- Doubleday, Page & Co. will produce in the early au- man text is Otto Ludwig's “ Zwischen Himmel und tumn, will bear the title " The Five Nations." Besides Erde,” edited by Professor Edward S. Meyer, and those poems which, in the last three years, have become published by Messrs. D. C. Heath & Co. more or less familiar to Americans through their cabled We are requested by the publishers of Mr. Bliss fragments to this country, the volume will contain about Carman's two new volumes of verse, reviewed in The twenty-five new and unpublished pieces. Dial of July 16, to say that the reprinted portions of The American Baptist Publication Society, of Phila- these volumes have appeared in periodicals only, and delphia and Chicago, will become the American agency not in earlier books, as erroneously stated in our review. for the new translation of the Bible into the idiom of “ A History of Roman Literature," by Dr. Harold N. to-day, by Mr. Ferrar Fenton. It is published in one Fowler, is a new “ Twentieth Century Text-Book” volume containing both the Old and New Testaments, published by Messrs. D. Appleton & Co. It is a work and also in separate parts. This version of the Bible of moderate dimensions, for school use, with a biblio- is said to “bring before English readers the real mean- graphy, a chronological table, and illustrative extracts ing of the text as no other translation has done." in translation. “ First Lessons in United States History," by Edward Messrs. Longmans, Green, & Co. are the publishers Channing, is attractively gotten up by the Macmillan of “The Annual Register "for 1902. It is a thick Company It is very elementary and brief, and its volume, dealing, as usual, first with English, then with statements are so put that the inferences of cause and foreign and colonial history, and supplemented by a effect, which children are so quick to draw, are often chronicle of events, a retrospect of the year's literature, inaccurate and distorted. The courts, it may be added, and a necrology. decided that the assassin of President McKinley was There is now on exhibition in the Royal Academy, not "an insane person,” which is the author's state- London, George Frampton's monument to Sir Walter ment. Besant, which will be erected in St. Paul's by the Four small volumes on “ The Art of Writing and Society of Authors. The inscription reads: “Sir Wal- Speaking the English Language," prepared by Mr. ter Besant, Novelist, Historian of London, Secretary of Sherwin Cody, are published with the imprint of The the Palestine Exploration Fund, Originator of the Peo- Old Greek Press, Chicago. One of the volumes is given ple's Palace and Founder of the Society of Authors. to Word-Study, one to Composition, one to Grammar " ) 1903.) 99 THE DIAL HISTORY. The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803. Edited and anno- tated by Emma Helen Blair and James Alexander Robert- son ; with Historical Introduction and additional Notes by Edward Gaylord Bourne. Vol. V., 1582–1583. Illus., largo 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 320. Cleveland : Arthur H. Clark Co. $4. net. The Old Glade (Forbes's) Road. (Pennsylvania State Road.) By Archer Butler Hulbert. With maps and illustrations, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 205. · Historic Highways of America." Cleveland : Arthur H. Clark Co. $2.50 net. Turgot and the Six Edicts. By Robert Perry Shepherd, Ph.D. Large 8vo, uncut, pp. 213. Columbia University Studies." Macmillan Co. Paper, $1.50. Supplement to "Lake St. Louis," &c., &c. From Many Unpublished Documents. By Désiré Girouard. English Edition. Illus., large 8vo, uncut, pp. 546. Montreal : Poirier, Bessette & Co. Paper. Arnold's March from Cambridge to Quebec : A Criti- cal Study; Together with a reprint of Arnold's Journal. By Justin H. Smith. With maps and plans, 8vo, pp. 498. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $2. net. and Punctuation, and one to Constructive Rhetoric. The volumes are of a practical, handy sort, compact in form, and inexpensive. They are intended for indi- viduals needing such instruction as is here sought to be given, as well as for use in schools. President L. H. Jones is the compiler of “ The Jones Readers,” in five volumes, published by Messrs. Ginn & Co. These five graded books contain a total of 1568 pages, and are praiseworthy as to their typography, their illustrations, and the literary character of the selections offered. Ethical ideals have been especially kept in view by the editor, and a progressive develop- ment of the child's vocabulary is the underlying educa- tional aim of the volumes. Ben Jonson's “The Alchemist,” edited, with intro- duction, notes, and a glossary, by Dr. Charles Mont- gomery Hathaway, is the latest addition to the “ Yale Studies in English," published for Yale University by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. The work was prepared as a doctoral thesis, and is of the most elaborate character, including a lengthy sketch of the history of alchemy, a bibliography, a discussion of Jonson's sources, over a hundred pages of notes, an extensive glossary, and an index. The John Crerar Library has just published a sup- plement to its list of serial publications contained in the public libraries of Chicago and Evanston, making many additions to the contents of the earlier publication, and providing complete information up to the date of last April. These two lists are of the greatest useful- ness to students in the vicinity of Chicago, and their preparation by the authorities of the John Crerar Li- brary is a public-spirited undertaking that deserves warm recognition. We wrote not long ago in praise of Mr. Percival Chubb's volume on the teaching of English, and we now have occasion to commend a second work upon this important subject. “The Teaching of English in the Elementary and the Secondary School," just pub- lished by Messrs. Longmans, Green & Co. in the “ American Teachers' Series," is the joint production of Professors George Rice Carpenter, Franklin T. Baker, and Fred N. Scott. Tbese are the best of names for the purpose, and the volume which has thus been prepared is a manual of absolutely indispensable importance to every teacher of the subject in this country. This we say not merely because of the sound doctrine which the book preaches, but also because of the extreme helpfulness of its practical suggestions, its valuable outlines, references, and special bibliographies. In these latter respects, the work is more elaborate than Mr. Chubb's otherwise similar treatment of the subject. NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE. 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With frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 373. Jennings & Pye. $1.25. 100 (Aug. 16, THE DIAL . * BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG. BOOKS. ALL OUT-OF-PRINT BOOKS SUPPLIED, Jungle Larks : Funny Stories in Words and Colors, Merry no matter on what subject. Write us. We can get Pranks, Odd Scenes, Droll Incidents of Animal Life. By you any book ever published. Please state wants. When in England call. “GAR" (Raymond H. Garman). 4to. Laird & Lee. $i. BAKER'S GREAT BOOK-SHOP, 14-16 Bright Street, BIRMINGHAM. Ahead of the Army. By W. O. Stoddard. Illus., 12mo, pp. 302. Lothrop Publishing Co. $1. net. MANUSCRIPTS, Criticised, Revised, and Prepared for press. By Charles Welsh. Twenty-five years' ex- RELIGION. perience as publishers' Reader and Editor; specialist Babel and Bible: Two Lectures on the Significance of in Books for the Young; author of “ Publishing a Assyriological Research for Religion. By Dr. Friedrich Delitzsch ; trans. from the German by Thomas J. Mc- Book" (50 cts.). Address Winthrop Highlands, Mass. 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An Notes, a short Homeric Grammar, and a Vocabulary. 2880rtment of catalogues, and special slips of By Allen Rogers Bepner, Illus., 12mo, pp. 522. “Twen- books at reduced prices, will be sent for a ten-cent stamp. tieth Century Text-Books." D. Appleton & Co. $1.60. A New German Grammar. By Marion D, Learned, F. E. GRANT, Books, 23 West 420 Street, York Ph.D. 12mo, pp. 407. "Twentieth Century Text-Books." Mention this advertisement andreceive a discount. D. Appleton & Co. $1.15 net. Descriptive Chemistry. By Lyman : Newell, Ph.D. OLD AND Dealers in Rare An- C. Illus., 12mo, pp. 590. D. C. Heath & Co. cient and Modern Stories from the Hebrew. By Josephine Woodbury Heer- English literature - mans. Illus., 12mo, pp. 178. Silver, Burdett & Co. 42 cts. RARE BOOKS History, Poetry, Students' Outline for the History of the United States. By Arthur D. Cromwell; with an Introduction by Albert Drama, and Fiction Bushnell Hart. 8vo, pp. 127. Chicago : Ainsworth & Co. Fine Old English and Paper. 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Illas., 12mo, The Brightest and Best of Musical Comedies pp. 164. Silver, Burdett & Co. 60 cts. . Longmans, Green, & Co. By Pixley and Luders. STUDY AND PRACTICE OF FRENCH in 4 Parts L C. BONAME, Author and Pub., 1930 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. Well-graded series for Preparatory Schools and Colleges. No time wasted in superficial or mechanical work. French Test: Numerous exercises in conversation, translation, composition. Part I. (60 cts.): Primary grade, thorough drill in Pronunciation. Part II. (90 cts.): Intermediate grade; Essentials of Grammar; 4th edition, revised, with Vocabulary : most carefully graded. Part III. ($1.00): Composition, CHICAGO Idioms, Syntax; meets requirements for admission to college. TO Part IV. (35 cts.): Handbook of Pronunciation for advanced grade; Indianapolis Louisville concise and comprehensive. Sent to teachers for examination, with a view to introduction, CINCINNATI The South and SOUTHEAST Scenic Line to STANDARD AUTHORS IN SETS WASHINGTON, D. C. Balzac, Brontë, Bulwer, Carlyle, Cooper, Dickens, VIA Dumas, Eliot, Fielding, Gibbon, Guizot, Hawthorne, Hugo, Irving, Poe, Reade, Ruskin, Scott, Smollett, Thackeray, Tolstoi. J. C. TUCKER, G. N. A., 238 Clark Street, Send for Descriptive Booklet. CHICAGO THOMAS Y. CROWELL & CO., New York The STUDEBAKER 1 An Introductory Study of Ethics. By Warner Fite. PRINCE OF PILSEN Big Four Route Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. 9 1903.) 101 THE DIAL TURNING TO GOLD Nature's green gives place to gold as Fall advances. Now is the time to turn your eyes toward the Golden West. Colorado is at its best in Autumn time. California beckons with her most engaging smile. To either place the Santa Fe will take you, and every moment of your trip will be enjoyable. 66. A Colorado Summer," or " To California Over Santa Fe Trail” free for the asking. General Passenger Office Santa Fe Great Northern Building Chicago · MINNEAPOLIS AND ST. 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A., Denver, Colo. 102 (Aug. 16 THE DIAL THE DIAL a Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information IN N the flood of books pouring daily from the press there is so much to choose from that no person can, unaided, judge what is to be read and what left unread. Hence a journal that may be steadily trusted as a safe and agreeable guide to the character, the contents, the merits and demerits, of the important new books is obviously of the greatest value to everyone of literary inclinations or pursuits. Such a journal The Dial has long been known to be. Established for nearly a quarter of a century, it is generally recognized by the highest critical authorities as “the leading literary journal of America.” In its pages the new books are described and discussed upon their merits, without fear or favor, by the ablest scholars and critics in the country. 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It The Outlook, New York. holds to the old, while not turning its back on the It is sane and honest, and while sympåthetic The Dial is easily our most valuable literary has nothing of the gush that we sometimes find. review. It has been faithful to the best literary tra- WILLIAM P. Trent. ditions from the first, and will no doubt continue to John BURROUGHS. The Dial has always stood for character. It has the old Puritan conscience on which everything that The Dial's look and bearing are refinement is lasting in our country is built. It is sane, wise, itself. Serio ess, fearless care, and ight instinct truthful; it is honest, hopeful, and kindly; and with in letters, help to make it the best review we have. all this it is the best journal of literary criticism which The Independent, New York. we have, and we ask no better. David STARR JORDAN. The Dial seems at present the most unbiased, good humored, and sensible organ of American crit- The Dial is the best literary paper in the United icism. Barrett WENDELL States, and second to none in Great Britain. in “ A Literary History of America." The National Review, London. be so. THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 10th of each montb. Terms of Sub- SCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, postage prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico ; in all other countries comprised in tbe Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must be added. THE DIAL, 203 MICHIGAN AVENUE, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 1903.) 103 THE DIAL MR. RICHARD LE GALLIENNE begs to announce that his privately printed edition of bis poetical rendering of “One Hundred Odes from the Divan of Hafis” is now ready for subscribers. There bave been two editions printed ; one of 300 copies on band-made paper at $15.00 net each, and another of 35 copies on Imperial Japan Vellum at $25.00 net each. 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JENKINS 851 and 853 Sixth Avenue NEW YORK CITY It is our purpose to publish many novels for the coming season. Manuscripts sent now will have prompt attention. If your story for any reason fails to meet the standards of our readers we will tell you why it has failed, and give you any other aid we can. : The Lucas-Lincoln Co., Book MS. Dept. Washington, D. C. MANUSCRIPT WANTED Good short stories. Special articles of interest. Newspaper features for syndicating. We buy and sell Serial Rights. We are in position to place the manuscript of Authors, Writers, and Illustrators to the best possible advantage. Chicago Literary Press Bureau Suite 614 Steinway Hall Chicago, III. Roycroft & Kelmscott Books KENNETH B. ELLIMAN, 419 West 118th Street New York JUST READY MORS ET VICTORIA A DRAMA IN THREE ACTS Octavo, cloth extra. Printed the Merrymount Press. Pp. 120. $1.20 net. By mail, $1.28. The heroine of this dramatic poem is maid of honor to Margaret of Navarre. Persecuted at the court by the attentions of the Duke of Guise, she flees to her father, to place herself under his protection and that of her Hugue- not lover. Guise follows the girl, and a collision occurs between his soldiery and the little band led by Vallon, in which the helpless Huguenots are massacred and Margarite shares the fate of her lover. Longmans, Green, & Co., 93 Fifth Ave., NEW YORK 104 (Aug. 16, 1903. THE DIAL New books for Schools and Colleges A History of England for Schools By BENJAMIN TERRY, Ph.D., LL.D. Professor in the University of Chicago. Professor Terry's History of England has that catholic treatment of all subjects that marks it as the book of a scholar. His sympathy with the feelings and needs of pupils makes the book especially adapted to use as a text-book in secondary schools. 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Other volumes of this series, notably a manual of prose composition and annotated editions of well-known modern plays and stories, are in an advanced stage of preparation. F / Red SCHILLER'S MARIA STUART Edited with notes and introduction by CARL EDGAR EGGERT, The University of Michigan, together with a chapter entitled “ The Storm and Stress," and the “New Humanism,” from the History of German Literature, by JOHN S. NOLLEN, of Iowa College, successive chapters of which are to be incorporated in the several volumes that will constitute the Lake German Classics, Cloth. Ilustrated. Price, 70 cts. I E SCOTT, FORESMAN AND COMPANY, PUBLISHERS 378-388 Wabash Avenue, CHICAGO THE DIAL PRESS, FINE ARTS BLDG., CHICAGO. THE DIAL A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. BY FRANEDSTED ROWNE} | Volume XXXV. No. 413. CHICAGO, SEPT. 1, 1903. 10 cts. a copy. | FINE ARTS BUILDING. 203 Michigan Blvd. 82. a year. 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(With Introduction.) Beauties of Shakespeare, DODD. Lady of the Lake. (With notes.) Browning (Mrs.). (Complete.) Lalla Rookh. (With notes.) Browning (Robert). (Select, with notes.) Lay of the Last Minstrel. Bryant. (Biographical Introduction.) Light of Asia. ARNOLD. Burns. (Complete.) Longfellow. (Biographical Introduction.) Byron. (With notes.) Lowell. (Biographical Introduction.) Cambridge Book of Poetry. BATES. Lucile. MEREDITH. Campbell. (Notes by Hill.) Macaulay. + Cary's Poems. (Introduction by K. L. Bates.) Marmion. Scott. + Canterbury Tales. CHAUCER. Meredith (Owen). Chaucer. (Lounsbury and Skeat.) Milton. (Masson's Text.) Childe Harold. BYRON. Moore. (Complete, with notes.) Christian Year. KEBLE. Mulock (Miss). Clough. (Biographical Introduction.) Odyssey. (POPE.) Coleridge. (With Memoir.) Paradise Lost. (With notes.) Cook. (Complete.) Percy's Reliques. (Complete.) Courtship of Miles Standish. Persian Poets (The). (N. H. DOLE.) Cowper. (Complete.) Poe. (With Memoir.) Dante. 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Nature : Addresses, etc. Em- Week on the Concord. Tho- English Humorists. Thack- eray Oregon Trail. Parkman. Whittier's Early Poems. English Traits. Emerson. + Past and Present. Carlyle. Wonder Book. Hawthorne. Epic of Hades (The). Morris. Paul and Virginia. St. Pierre. Wordsworth. (Selections.) New books are indicated thus : +. THOMAS Y. CROWELL & COMPANY, 426-428 West Broadway, New York erson. reau. 108 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL FOUR NOTEWORTHY BOOKS The Millionaire's Son By Anna Robeson Brown, author of “The Immortal Garland,” “The Cosmopolitan Comedy,” “Sir Mark," “ Truth and a Woman,” etc. The story of a young man's struggle to choose between the material advantages of wealth, questionably obtained, and ostentatiously spent, and the higher claims of social service. This novel is a study in tempera- Řent and heredity, and a brilliant satire on social conditions in the smaller American cities. But first of all it is ån absorbing story, told with remarkable facility and power. The central situation on which the plot turns is one of the most original in modern fiction. Illustrated with full-page drawings by A. E. Becher. Cloth, 12mo. $1.50. Some Famous American Schools By Oscar FAY ADAMS, author of “ The Story of Jane Austen's Life,” “The Dictionary of American Authors," etc. A popular account of the foundation, history, and traditions of such noted American boys' schools as Phillips Exeter, Phillips Andover, St. Paul's, Lawrenceville, St. Mark's, Groton, and others. The author's pur- pose is to supply a readable description of nine American preparatory schools, touching only lightly on their scholastic side, but giving such impressions of each as the average observer would obtain in the course of a brief visit. This is the first and only publication in its field, and the result of untiring research and correspondence. It is filled with anecdotes of famous events in the academic and athletic life of the schools represented, and is written in a style of unusual charm and distinction. The book is illustrated with more than fifty half-tones from new photographs. Cloth, 12mo. $1.20 net. The Hermit's Wild Friends or, Eighteen Years in the Woods By MASON A. Walton. A volume of animal and woodcraft lore, by the well-known hermit of Gloucester, Mass. Mr. Walton has ntributed for years to “ Forest and Stream,” under the pseudonym of “Hermit," and he has also written for 3 "Youth's Companion,” and other periodicals. Thousands of persons have penetrated to his log cabin in the cods, where he has lived entirely alone for nearly a score of years. This book is illustrated in part by the *or's photographs of wild creatures which have come under his own observation, and in part by original vings from the pen of Louis Agassiz Fuertes and other eminent artists. Cloth, 12mo. $1.50 net. Florestane, The Troubadour A Romance By JULIA DE WOLF ADDISON. This novel carries the reader back to the Middle Ages with their Courts of Love, minstrels, jongleurs, chts, and crusaders, and introduces among its characters Dante, Cimabue, Sordello, and other celebrated men. atmosphere is that of chivalric ideals with a background of mediæval color and romance. The book is 3*ded with exciting episodes, and once taken up it will not easily be laid aside until finished. It combines y element of a successful novel, not omitting to mention the mechanical requisites of attractive binding and :'graphy. Cloth, 12mo. $1.00. ALL BOOKSELLERS DANA ESTES & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS, BOSTON 1903.) 109 THE DIAL RECENT NOTABLE PUBLICATIONS THE CAMBRIDGE MODERN HISTORY Planned by the late Lord ACTON, LL.D., Regius Professor of Modern History. Edited by A. W. WARD, Litt. D., G. W. PROTHERO, Litt.D., STANLEY LEATHES, M.A. The United States. Volume VII. Contributors to this Volume : John A. Doyle, M. A., Miss Mary Bateson, A. G. Bradley, Melville M. Bigelow, J. B. McMaster, H. W. Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, John G. Nicolay, John Christopher Schwab, Theodore Clarke Smith, John B. Moore, Henry C. Emery, Barrett Wendell. With complete Bibliography, Chronological Table of Leading Events, and Index. 27+857 pp. Imperial 8vo, cloth, $4.00 net. ma, NEW MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS By RICHARD G. MOULTON, Ph.D. By JOSIAH ROYCE, Ph.D., LL.D., Professor of Literaturo (in English) in the University Harvard University of Chicago, Author of "The Ancient Classical Dra- Outlines of Psychology ""Tho Literary Interpretation of the Bible," etc. AN ELEMENTARY TREATISE WITH The Moral System SOME PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS 24+392 pp. 12mo, cloth. Teachers' Prof. Library, of Shakespeare $1.00 net. Library Edition, $1.25 net. (Postage 12c.) A POPULAR ILLUSTRATION OF FICTION AS THE EXPERIMENTAL SIDE OF PHILOSOPHY. By JAMES MORRIS WHITON, Ph.D. 7+381 pp. 12mo, cloth, $1.50 nel. (Postage 12c.) “One of the most sensible and illuminating works Religion of modern literary criticism and plain workaday philosophy."-Brooklyn Eagle. 16mo, 75c. net. (Postage 7c.) Miracles and Supernatural THE BEST NEW NOVELS By Mr. JAMES LANE ALLEN By Mr. JACK LONDON The Mettle of the Pasture The Call of the Wild Nlustrated in Colors by a new Process "Is sure to be the most talked of book for a long "A marvellously interesting story. time to come. It is not only a good story, ... a triumph in the fullest sense of the word." but a book that can and will be read again and -Louisville Times. again."--Record-Herald, Chicago. “Even the most listless reader will be stirred by the "The best work of fiction that American literature virile force of the story." has produced for a long time."-E. A. U. VALENTINE. -Plain Dealer, Cleveland. Now Ready of the LITTLE NOVELS BY FAVORITE AUTHO Five Volumes Mr. WM. S. DAVIS'S Mrs. ATHERTON'S Mr. CHURCHILL'S Mr. CRAWFORD'S Mr. WISTER'S The Saint of the Mrs. Pendleton's Mr. Keegan's Man Overboard ! Philosophy 4 Dragon's Dale Four-in-hand Elopement By the author of “Sa- racinesca," " " In the By the author of By the author of "A By the author of "The Bytheauthor of "The Palace of the King," "The Virginian," Friend of Cæsar." Conqueror," etc. Crisis," etc. etc. “Lin McLean," etc. Each pocket size but in clear type, attractively bound, 50 cents. In Preparation : Miss OVERTON'S The Golden Chain; Mr. HERRICK'S Their Child. In THE CITIZENS' LIBRARY Railway Legislation in the United Studies in the Evolution of Indus- States. By B. H. MEYER, Ph.D., University of trial Society. By RICHARD T. ELY, Ph.D., Uni- Wisconsin, versity of Wisconsin. Each, half leather, $1.25 net. (Postage 15c.) Ask any Bookseller THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 66 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK for them, or 110 (Sept. 1, 1903. THE DIAL Important Autumn Announcements JUST PUBLISHED THE SILVER POPPY By ARTHUR STRINGER. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50. “It is the study of the influence of motives and acts upon character that sets it apart among the many novels of the year.”—— New York Mail and Express. PRACTICAL JOURNALISM A complete manual of the best newspaper methods. By E. L. SHUMAN, author of “Steps into Jour- nalism.” Illustrated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25 net. > THE LAW OF LIFE By ANNA MCCLURE SAOLL. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50. Here are some extracts from the reports of those who have read the manuscript : “At last we have an author who is not afraid to face a tragic problem of love and sex and who is able to treat it with dignity and full grasp of its depth and power." "Reading it was a constantly increasing delight." " It is an essentially American novel and one dealing with a phase of American life from an entirely new point of view. Much has been written about the university life of the student; Miss Sholl is our first novelist to set before us the university life, socially and academically, of the professor. She has done it with a breadth, an ease, a realism, and a literary quality that lift her book far above the average." AMERICAN RAILWAY TRANS- PORTATION By EMORY R. JOHNSON, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Transportation and Commerce in the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania. (Appletons' Business Series.) Illustrated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50 net. ) ANTHONY WAYNE Sometimes called “Mad Anthony." By John R. SPEARS. Historic Lives Series, Uniform edition. Illustrated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.00 net. Popular Editions of Rare and Famous Books MESSRS. ESSRS. D. APPLETON AND COMPANY take pleasure in announcing for early publication a number of rare and famous illustrated books of fiction and general literature, faithfully reprinted, in small form, from the first or best editions with introduction or notes. The particular and attractive feature of these books is the reproduction of all the illustrations, in colors or otherwise, which appeared in the original issues; illustrations which are part and parcel of the books, and which, from their beauty, or skill, or humor, had often as great a share in their success as the text itself. Most of these books had colored illustrations, and they are here similarly given. This will be the first time that these famous books with their illustrations faithfully reproduced have been placed within easy reach of the public, and much interest in them is confidently anticipated. NOW READY MEMOIRS OF THE LIFE OF THE LATE JOHN MYTTON, ESQ., OF HALSTON, SHROPSHIRE, Etc., Etc. By NIMROD (C. J. Apperley). With numerous colored illustrations by Henry Alken and T. J. Rawlins. A new edition founded on the Second Edition of 1837 from the New Sporting Magazine. $1.50. THE TOUR OF DOCTOR SYNTAX IN SEARCH OF THE PICTURESQUE. A Poem. By WILLIAM COMBE. With thirty-one colored illustrations by Thomas Rowlandson. A new edition founded on the Seventh Edition published 1817. $1.50. THE HISTORY OF JOHNNY QUAE GENUS: THE LITTLE FOUNDLING OF THE LATE DOCTOR SYNTAX. By William COMBE. With twenty-four colored plates by T. Rowlandson. A new edition founded on the edition of 1822. $1.50. D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, PUBLISHERS NEW YORK CITY THE DIAL a Semis Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. II. PAGE THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of A YEAR OF CONTINENTAL each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in adrance, postage prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries LITERATURE. comprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must be added. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or Concluding our summary of the “Athe- postal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO CLUBS and Dæum's" annual review of Continental litera- for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application; and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATES furnished ture, we reproduce the leading features of the on application. All communications should be addressed to following reports : Holland, by Mr. H. S. M. THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. van Wickevoort Crommelin ; Hungary, by Dr. Leopold Katscher; Italy by Dr. Guido Biagi; No. 413. SEPT. 1, 1903. Vol. xxxv. Poland, by Dr. Adam Belcikowski; Russia, by Mr. Valerii Briusov; and Spain, by Don Rafael Altamira. We note with regret that CONTENTS. both Norway and Sweden are missing from this year's review, as well as Greece, which also is usually included. A YEAR OF CONTINENTAL LITERATURE-II. 111 Mr. van Wickevoort Crommelin, writing of Dutch literature, says: FREDERICK W. ROBERTSON. Percy F. Bicknell 115 “The year has been most prolific both in promise and performance. Such healthy and vigorous books LIFE AND LETTERS OF SIR GEORGE GROVE. have not appeared for a long time. So varied are the Ingram A. Pyle . 117 divided army, obeying no sovereign command. They are indeed; there has never been more diversity, and THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL. ways of expression current among the writers of today T. D. A. Cockerell 119 that the complaint has been heard that they are a even an- tagonism of groups and personalities. But this only shows THE MARSHALL MEMORIAL. James Oscar Pierce 121 the strong individualism which everywhere abounds." The strength of the Dutch genius is in its ap- RECENT POETRY. William Morton Payne . preciation of the beauty of common things, a Zangwill's Blind Children. Rodd's Myrtle and fact which is illustrated by Dutch art and liter- Oak. – Newbolt's The Sailing of the Long-Ships. ature alike. Mr. J. van Looy, who is both a - Holmes's The Triumph of Love. — Shedd's The painter and a man of letters, is the author of Oceanides. — Powell's Young Ivy on Old Walls. – “ Feesten," which “dwells on such humble Ingham's Pompeii of the West. — Upson's West- topics as a party in a workman's cottage, fire- wind Songs. — Crosby's Swords and Plowshares.- works, and popular amusements in the slums." McNeill's Unfrequented Paths. Mr. Streuvels, in " Langs de Wegen," his last BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS . 127 great work, tells “the story of a simple and Early steamboat navigation on the Missouri river. lonely labourer who is everywhere elbowed - Game fishes, big and little, of the U.S. - Birds out by a harsh world.” Mr. Frans Coenen's in their relation to mankind. - The science of Cli- Zondagsrust" is little more than the ac- mate. - A volume for city officials and students of count of a rainy Sunday passed by a family of municipal affairs. — The futility of Reciprocity. – three members. Music and Religion. A notable chapter of muni- “ The only novel in which a comprehensive plan is cipal tory. - The Poet of the Renaissance. elaborated by a firm band is Mr. Louis Couperus's • Boeken der Kleine Zielen.' Last year I just men- BRIEFER MENTION 130 tioned the vast scheme of this book, two new volumes of which, Zielenschemering' and Het Heilige Weten,' have appeared. Here we meet with a woman who NOTES 130 grows wearied of society.' When Constance implores her influential brother-in-law, the minister Van Naghel, TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS 131 to invite her to one of his official dinner parties in order to rehabilitate her in the eyes of the world, and to give LIST OF NEW BOOKS 131 her son a start in life, she suddenly becomes aware of 123 > 66 . . 6 112 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL - а the utter futility of her aspirations. She does not re- According to Dr. Biagi's account, the chief sort to suicide, as a French heroine might, but reforms subjects of interest to Italians during the past her life and finds worthier ideals." year have been the Marconi telegraph and the A noteworthy play is “Gunlaug en Helga,” by Gunlaug en Helga,” by fall of the Campanile fall of the Campanile — neither of them having the Flemish poet, Mr. Victor de Meyere, which work, “although it has many good qualities, any particular relation to literature. He says: turned out to be rather an obsolete remnant of “I heartily commiserate those who may have to write the history of Italian literature during the open- the romantic period.” “ Nieuwe Geboort,” by ing years of this century. They will find themselves con- Mrs. Roland Holst, is “ a political glorification fronted by an output so abundant, but at the same time of socialism." so uniform, that few works will stand out, owing either Dr. Katscher's Hungarian article opens with to their form or to their contents, whilst of the mass the output itself, as much from the form as from the the following paragraph: substance, is worthy of observation. It is a fact that “ Fiction, already last year at a low ebb, has con- during this last period great progress has been made. tinued so during the past twelvemonth. There are Whilst at first, by the side of works of excellence, due scarcely any really firstrate productions to be noticed, to a few writers of taste and of refinement, there sprang although some good ones have seen the light. Mr. up laughable or pitiable literary abortions, now, if, in- Mór Jókai, our oldest man of letters, has brought out, deed, notable works are lacking, those also are scarce after a few years' silence, an interesting novel.entitled that excite contempt and disgust." Our Pole,' by which title he means a Polish Jew who is a half-legendary conqueror of hearts from the time The recent development of secondary teaching of the Hungarian struggle for liberty. After a thrill. and the activity of the universities are influ- ing love affair with a proud and beautiful noblewoman, ences that are having very salutary results in this man comes to a sad end. He sacrifices love and the field of literature. The scientific impulse is life to his faith. The background of the story is ro- mantic, humorous, and well constructed.” giving way in large measure to the critical and artistic impulse. “ Ideals ” is a political novel by Mr. Lajos Beck, a new man. It is a plea for socialism. “Each of our faculties of letters is a workshop of studies where the history of literature and culture plays “ The King of Beasts at Large,” by Mr. Istvan the predominant part. : . . Luckily a famous master, Barsony, is an animal story which has some Giosuè Carducci, showed by example that art and criti- points of resemblance to “ The Jungle Books” cism were not two things in opposition; that on the of Mr. Kipling. Mr. Ferencz Herczeg is the contrary, one dwelt within the other; that if the taste was not educated one judged badly even of ancient most widely read of Hungarian writers at the works. So began with him and his disciples — to-day present day. professors in many high schools - a salutary reaction " His latest novel, • Andrew and Andor,' is an ex- against the analytical school and the purely corrosive tremely ironical and satirical picture of contemporary criticism. Now the two tendencies balance each other Budapest society, an elegant and charming description and are intermingled, and the new generation has felt of certain aspects of Hungarian journalism. In com- and understand that if history has its rights, art has position it may not be regular, but the dialogue is too, and that serious criticism cannot take away from highly spirited and the characterization excellent. Mr. one or the other." Herczeg's newest play, too, is of a satirical turn. It is entitled Manus Manum Lavat,' and attacks nepotism, The great writers are for the most part rest- an evil terribly prominent in this country. This suc- ing on their laurels. “Signor Carducci has cessful comedy exhibits many new sides of a brilliant, now bidden a final adieu to his muse; Signor but somewhat frequently treated, subject." Fogazzaro is satisfied with his political in. “ Nero's Mother," by Mr. Victor Tardos, is a fluence in his native Vicenza, where also he “grand tragedy” which “ ranks higher than fills with great zeal the office of President of any Hungarian play performed for many years. the Board of Charity ; Signor de Amicis has In poetry, the year's output has been above the been silent for some time; Signor Giacosa is average ; noteworthy books are Mr. Sandor directing a monthly magazine, the · Lettura'; Feleki's “Shadows and Rays," and the “Verses” and Signor Guerrini is reprinting the · Rime of Miss Renée Erdös, “ full of true love, true of Lorenzo Stecchetti." Signor d'Annunzio psychology, and true poetry.” Serious public has a new trilogy in verse, "Laudi del Cielo, cations include Professor Heinrich's “ History della Terra, del Mare, e degli Eroe," of which e of the World's Literature," to be the work of the first volume has appeared. Signor Pascoli a number of specialists ; Professor Marczali's has published the first volume of his “Canti di “ Great Illustrated Universal History”; Mr. Castelvecchio." "These songs of his, exqui- Ignacz Acsady's “ History of the Magyar Em. site, perfect in form, express delicate thoughts pire "; Mr. Jozsef Fekete's “ The Philosophy drawn from pure wells of poetic inspiration." of Life"; and Mr. Mor Gelléri's "Social Other volumes of verse are “Verso l'Oriente," Questions of the Day." by Signor Orvieto ; “Patria Terra," by Signor a > 7) 1903.) 113 THE DIAL > Pitteri; and “Poemi Lirici," by Signor Tu- “ A Soul's Day," by Mr. L. Staff; “ To the miati, Unknown," by Mr. W. Wolski; and a volume “ The Italian capital is now being formed and con- of lyrics by Mr. A. Mironowski, are the most stituted in Rome, but all the ele ents at certainly important books. The best plays of the year are there have not yet been able to amalgamate and have been Mr. S. Wyspianski's “The Libera- fuse into a single whole. The romance-writers who describe Rome of to-day speak of the black world and tion" and "King Boleslaw the Bold,” Mr. L. the white world, and someone has found there the yellow Rydel's “ For Ever,” and Mr. Gorczynski's world Signor Giustino Ferri, for example, who en- “” In a July Night,” in which “ a wealthy land- titled his romance · Roma Gialla.' There are too many owner's fatal amour with a peasant girl is de- strident and discordant colours, too many currents of picted in vivid and brilliant colors. Mr. P. life in perpetual contrast. It is difficult to collect and represent in its true aspect a life so multiform. How- Chmielowski has written a “ History of Liter- ever, whilst a really Italian romance and theatre have ary Criticism in Poland,” and new editions have still to be looked for, there are first-rate representations been published of the histories of Polish liter- of local life and customs." ature by Professor A. Brückner and Count S. A Sardinian writer, Signora Grazia Deledda, Tarnowski. A sixth and concluding volume has “ quickly sprung into great fame” with is soon to be added to the latter work. her romances, " Elias Portolu” and “ Dopo il “ The religious and philosophical movement Divorzio." Other fiction includes « Il Maleficio which increases in Russia with every year has Occulto,” by Signor Zuccoli; "Oasi,” by Sig. caused the appearance of a new monthly maga- nor d'Ambra ; and “Dopo la Vittoria," by a zine” says Mr. Briusov, who furnishes the report new and promising writer who takes “ Stinge' from that country. It is called "The New Path,” for a pen-name. The theatrical successes of and its object “is to give opportunity for the the year have been Signor Rovetto's “ Roman- expression, in whatever literary form it may ticism” and Signor Martoglio's “ Nica.” Lit- be, of those new tendencies which have arisen erary productions of a more sober character in our society with the awakening of religious include Signor Chiarini’s “Memorie della Vita and philosophical thought. The new magazine di Giosuè Carducci,” Signor Zumbini's “Studi aims at uniting the spirit of religious inquiry sul Leopardi,” Signor Turri’s “ Machiavelli,” with sharply defined progress.' Professor and Signor Bertano’s “ Vittorio Alfieri Stu- Merezhkovski, who represents this philosopb- diato nella Vita, nel Pensiero, e nell' Arte." ical tendency as distinctly as any writer, has an Dante has been, as usual, the subject of many important article, giving his “ views of a new, publications, which run all the gamut from a truly universal apocalyptic church, which will magnificent illustrated edition of the “Com- unite all Christian beliefs at present in ex- media" to a series of Dante postal cards - istence.” The censorship has taken a hand in one for each canto! The meeting at Rome the matter, and the editors find their “ last April of the International Historical Con- path” anything but an easy one. gress has given a marked stimulus to historical ductions of two young poets, Mr. Alexander studies, and the history of art particularly has Blok and “ Andrei Bieli" also express these taken a renewed lease of life, as is attested by ideas, and are strongly penetrated by a pas- a long list of new works. sionate mysticism. The critic, Mr. A. Dr. Belcikowski's report from Poland may Zalinski, be very briefly summarized. The jubilee of “Quite independently of these writers, has now for Mr. T. T. Jez bas led to the first publication more than ten years been preaching idealism in Russian literature. in book form of his “Memoirs of a Suitor,' .. Three of his public lectures have been published under the title · A Struggle for Idealism,' one of his earliest and best romances. Other and have gone through two editions during the year novels are “ The Festival of Life,” by the with which we are dealing. In belles-lettres, late A. Dygasinski; “ Rottenness,” by Mr. W. • Maxim Gorki’ and Mr. L. Andréev have continued to attract the most attention. Each of their new pro- Berent; “On the Silver Sphere,” the story of ductions has evoked long and noisy discussions, both in a journey to the moon, by Mr. J. Zulawski; the press and in society. The number of copies of their 6. In the Land of Rocks,” by Mr. K. Przerwa- books which have been sold exceeds what has previously Tetmajer; “Chinese Tales,” by Mr. W. “ " been known in Russia." Sieroszewski; “Sword and Ell," by Mr. W. "Gorki” has put upon the stage a new play Gormolucki; and three Napoleonic novels by called “In the Depths,” and Mr. Andréev has Mr. W. Gonsiorowski. In lyric production, published a number of striking tales in the mag, the “ Poems” of Mr. G. Danilowski, “In the azines. One of them, “In the Mist,” evoked Twilight of the Stars," by Mr. T. Micinski ; a severe criticism from the Countess Tolstoy, new The pro- > • . > 9 . 114 [Sept. 1, THE DIAL 66 who published a letter in which she found fault the author of the most circumstantial History with the tale, and considered it likely to cor- of Russian Literature.' On the occasion of . rupt youth. She found some supporters in the the twenty-fifth anniversary of the death of press, but a great number of people defended Nekrasov, and the tenth of that of A. Fet, Mr. Andréev, and reininded her that literature festivals were held in honour of these poets.” does not exist for the education of schoolboys. Among the deaths of the year have been those A vigorous polemic was carried on in the news- of K. Staniukovich, who wrote stories of sailors, papers for about two months. Among writers of Professor Kirpichnikov, the literary histo- of an earlier generation may be mentioned Mr. rian, of E. Markov, the writer of travels, and P. Boborykin, whose story "The Law of Life,” of A. Aksakov, the spiritualist. devoted to the marriage question, is noticeable. Last in our list we come to Spanish litera- We also mention - The Secret of Glaphira,' ture, of which Don Rafael Altamiro discourses by Mr. M. Aldov, and “ Quite Gentle,” by Mr. at much length. V. Korolenko, both important novels. “ The twelve months that have elapsed since my last “The supporters of the new poetry,' the modern- chronicle was writtten have been characterized by a ists,' in the spring of the year of which we are treating, decidedly interesting revival of literary activity, thus undertook a regular campaign in Moscow for the diffu- offering a curious contrast to the preceding twelve. In sion of their ideas. They have advocated them in public that period, coincidentally with what was taking place lectures and readings (of these the five lectures of Mr. throughout the rest of the Continent, more especially K. Balmont, delivered in different places, were among in the Latin countries, there was remarked a certain the most conspicuous), and in public meetings on literary indisposition on the part of authors to cultivate fiction questions convened on Tuesdays by the Moscow Liter- and poetry, while the public evinced a decided weari- ary and Artistic Circle. These Tuesdays attracted such ness of, and distaste to, both those branches of liter- a number of hearers that frequently the premises of the ature. Now there has ensued a rapid resumption of club could not contain them. The disputes became interest in both, and the production of tales and poems lively, and even violent. There were sharp conflicts may be said, at least as far as numbers go, to be the between the representatives of opposite opinions." most important that I have bad occasion to speak of." Northern Flowers" is the title of an annual The “ Episodios Nacionales” of Señor Galdos volume which represents the work of these have entered upon their fourth series, begin- "s modernists." Mr. Ivanov's “ Pilot Stars" is ning with the year 1848. There are three new the work of a poet who has “an independent volumes, “ Las Tormentas del 1848," "Nar- and original vocabulary.” He loves a word vaez," and “Los Duendes de la Carmarilla." as some love precious stones. He polishes it Señor Valdés has written Le Aldea Perdido," carefully, chooses the suitable setting, and a tale addressed to his native Asturia. Señora frequently makes it glitter with unexpected Bazan has published “Misterio,” following in splendour.” Professor Balmont is engaged the track of our Mrs. Catherwood in choosing upon a complete translation of Shelley, and for a subject the fate of the son of Louis XVI. many other important foreign works are being A new “Biblioteca de Novelistas del Siglo turned into Russian by various hands. XX.” represents the younger novelists of to- “In the history of literature there has been much day. “The most striking characteristic of the activity what concerned Pushkin. Although more collection is the variety of styles, tastes, and than sixty-five years have elapsed since his death, and tendencies expressed by the authors, which during that period two such giants in Russian literature accentuate the individuality of each; and the as Count Tolstoy and Dostoievski have been active, Pushkin maintains his vitality and influence upon bis intellectual bearing of the problem that forms contemporaries. He is still the foundation upon which the predominant feature in most of them." Russian literature stands. During the year under re- The drama has been marked by a Catalonian view two new editions of his works have been begun, revival, with several new pieces accompanied and are being vigorously carried on." by much discussion. Plays of the year in Cas- Important historical writings are a “History tilian include “ Pepita Reyes” and “ La Dicha of Moscow," by Mr. T. Zabielin; an “Intro. A jena,” by the brothers Quintero; “ Alma 6 duction to the History of Greece," by Professor Triumpante” and “La Noche del Sábado," V. Buzeskul; and a volume of “Essays on by. Señor Benavente; and “El Loco Dios" Russian History," by Professor S. Platonov. and “ La Escalinata de un Trono,” in which During the year, “the jubilee was celebrated “ Señor Echegaray repeats once more the of the literary activity of Count Tolstoy. With- splendours of his style and is again guilty of out a dissenting voice all the press and all his customary defects." The first place among society unanimously saluted the great veteran. volumes of verse " belongs to a book called Such a jubilee also Mr. A. Pypin celebrated, Musgo,' which is written by Señor Perés. > 1903.] 115 THE DIAL Apart from bis merit as a metricist and the during value and charm of his printed utterances. a intensity of his poetical inspiration, Señor Warm-hearted and craving human sympathy, he Perés contributes to the Spanish Parnassus an exhibited that most perfect type of character which, original note that of the feeling for nature - as Martineau puts it, begins in beauty and ends in in a form which may be deemed novel among power; which leans on the love of fellow-beings us, and which makes a profound impression while it may, and, when it may not, stands upright in the love of God. Battling for the truth as he on the reader.” Two new volumes by the late saw it, irrespective of sects and parties, and dying Castalan poet Verdaguer have been published. what may be called a martyr's death, at the age A new author, Señor Galan, “ has sung with of thirty-seven, Robertson of Brighton paid the full deep feeling in · Extremeñas 'the customs and price, in loneliness and suffering, for the fair re- the home of his native district.” Literary his. nown that is now his beyond the possibility of dis- tory has been enriched by many writers, chief pute. Fifty years have passed since he dropped among them being Señor Menendez y Pelayo's his task, and, the victim of misunderstanding and " Tratado de los Romances Viejos," Don Juan abuse from all sections of the church, lay down to Valera's critical essays entitled “El Superhom. die in an agony of mental and physical torture that, bre," and Professor Farinelli's lecture on the even in the reading, and at this distance of time, wrings the very soul. The message be delivered to influence of Spanish literature upon the rest his generation is a message no less fitting for ours. of the world. Concerning books of erudition, From the torpor of material prosperity we cannot the writer says: “ The group of works refer- be too sharply aroused to a renewed sense of the ring to social, philosophical, and political ques- things of the spirit. From an increasing tendency tions, although limited, is of much interest. toward caste we need to be recalled to a feeling of Three topics dominate it: the character of the the oneness of humanity. Spanish people (both treated generally, and But it is more appropriate, in these pages, to limited to one line of subjects), Spain's inter- dwell on the value of Robertson's published works national relations, and the regional agitation.” as literature, - literature that sets the reader to The enumeration that follows gives us many thinking from its own depth of thought, and compels admiration from its beauty of style and conciseness. titles, but they are mostly of exclusively Span- of expression. While Robertson was called by Dean ish interest, and it is hardly worth while for Stanley the greatest of modern English preachers, us to reproduce them here, even in a selection, he has also been likened, as a letter-writer, to which, du reste, would be difficult to make. Cowper and to Engénie de Guérin. His eight volumes of sermons and addresses, some of them many times republished, are still the delight of numerous readers in both England and America, FREDERICK W. ROBERTSON. while he is known through translations to a smaller body of admirers on the Continent. In his earnest- To no one do we so readily yield our confidence ness, his ardor, his power of mental analysis, and as to him who shows himself deeply read in the his apt, logical, and striking expression, lies the mysteries within us, who has penetrated where we secret of his undying literary charm. The soldier believed Omniscience alone had access, and who blood that ran in his veins and all but determined reveals to us weaknesses that we had hardly dared his own career, often gave his utterances a martial to confess even in thought. Such a person, weep- ring that is indeed quickening. Wherever wrong ing our very tears, breathing our most secret hopes seeks redress, his chivalrous and combative nature and aspirations, possesses the quality that above all speaks out with impetuosity and vigor. But better others gives one mind power over another. When than all else, his warm humanity and his marvellous the living voice speaks to us in tones that betoken insight into the mysteries of the human heart and this initiation into the inmost recesses of our com- soul infuse with life and meaning all that he has mon human nature, we hold our breath and listen to say. When it is remembered that most of his as to a voice from heaven. When the printed page addresses were published from imperfect notes addresses the inner ear in the same accents, the either taken by others or jotted down afterward marvel is greater still, - that one perhaps never by himself, the wonder increases that they should geen and long since dead should lay open to our still speak to us with so much of the eloquence of wondering gaze the hidden depths of our being, the living voice. and show bimself acquainted with thoughts and Other personal qualities that add charm to his feelings we ourselves had never dared to pass in published works — we avoid the word writings — review. In such a person we recognize genius, and are a purity that administers words of withering we exclaim, “Surely, never' man spake like this rebuke to the unchaste, a passionate desire for man!” perfection, an eagerness to sacrifice self for the Such was the secret of Frederick W. Robertson’s good of his fellows, and, in general, an ardent de- power as a speaker, and it will also explain the en- votion to all high ideals. Although he began his 116 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL 7 . > fight against wrong by adopting the destructive ever got to heaven, we should find Dr. Channing method, by assailing iniquity and wrestling with revolving round the central Light in an orbit im- sin, he soon pursued the wiser course of upbuilding, measurably nearer than ours, almost invisible to - of overcoming evil with good. This is expressed us, and lost in a blaze of light; which she has, no in the first of his “principles” of teaching, “the doubt, duly reported to the Brighton inquisition establishment of positive truth instead of the neg- for heretics.” Another and longer citation may be ative destruction of error.” The remaining five given, both for its substance and its form. Writing principles, though not bearing directly on his style, to a friend who was reading Alfieri's life, he says: may be given in this connection, slightly abridged: "The misfortunes of genius, its false direction, its misery, " That truth is made up of two opposite propo- I suppose rise partly from the fact of the life of genius being sitions, and not found in a via media between the that which is chiefly given to the world. Many a soldier died as bravely and with as much suffering as Sir John Moore at two. That spiritual truth is discerned by the spirit, Corunna; but every soldier had not a Wolfe to write his instead of intellectually in propositions, and there- death-song. Many an innocent victim perished, - yes, by fore should be taught suggestively, not dogmatic- hundreds of thousands, - on the scaffolds of France, and in ally. That belief in the human character of Christ's the dungeons of the robber barons, but they died silently. A few aristocrats whose shriek was loud have filled the world humanity must be antecedent to belief in his divine with pity at the tale of their sufferings. Many a mediocre origin. That Christianity, as its teachers should, boy have I seen spoilt at school, - many a commonplace des- works from the inward to the outward, and not vice tiny has been marred in life: only these things are not mat- versa. The soul of goodness in things evil.” ters of history. Peasants grow savage with domestic troubles, and washerwomen pine upder brutal treatment: but the for- Still more admirable does Robertson's style mer are locked up for burying their misery in drunkenness, appear when the reader bears in mind that almost - the latter die of a broken heart, with plenty of unwritten everything published from his spoken words was poetry lost among the soapsuds. I fancy the inarticulate delivered extempore as to all but the main thoughts sorrows are far more pitiable than those of an Alfieri, who involved. His extraordinary facility in apt ex- has a tongue to utter them. Carlyle in this respect seems to me to hold a tone utterly diverse from that of the Gospel. pression and logical arrangement is traceable to his The worship of the hero, that is his religion: condescension fine sense of rhythm and of order. Like many who to the small and unknown, that is His!” have no ear for music, he was keenly sensitive to Hear him still once more, in his address to the the melody of words harmoniously arranged. Yet Brighton working classes on “ The Influence of he gave no conscious attention to style, but was Poetry.” He is dissuading from the use of alcoholic thoroughly possessed by, as well as in possession of, stimulants. What he says bas an autobiographic his subject alone. Self-consciousness vanished, and interest. when the sermon or lecture was over and the re- “I know something myself of hard work; I know what it action came, he had forgotten, like a dream, words, is to have had to toil when the brain was throbbing, the mind illustrations, telling phrases, almost everything. It incapable of originating a thought, and the body worn and is curious to hear this born orator declare, in con- sore with exhaustion; and I know what it is in such an hour, tempt of oratory, “I believe I could have become instead of having recourse to those gross stimulants to which all worn men, both of the higher and lower classes, are an orator, had I chosen to take the pains. I see tempted, to take down my Sophocles or my Plato (for Plato what rhetoric does, and what it seems to do, and I was a poet), my Goethe or my Dante, Shakspere, Shelley, thoroughly despise it. I think it makes people Wordsworth or Tennyson; and I know what it is to feel the worse instead of better; exposes the feelings to jar of nerve gradually cease, and the darkness in which all life had robed itself to the imagination become light, discord tension, like the pulling constantly of a spring back, pass into harmony, and physical exhaustion rise by degrees until the spring loses its elasticity, becomes weak, into a consciousness of power. I cannot, and I will not, believe or breaks; and yet perhaps I do it injustice: with that this is a luxury, or rather a blessed privilege, reserved an unwordly noble love to give it reality, what for me, or my class or caste, alone." might it not do ?” For an answer to this question One is tempted to give further quotations, espe- we need only look to the example of the speaker cially from the delightful letters, as they are re- himself. In modest disparagement of his own produced in Mr. Stopford Brooke's excellent life power in the pulpit and on the platform, he uses a of Robertson. Pathetic indeed is it to read of the striking image when he says of his hearers, " They azure demons” to which the writer is in constant watch by hundreds for my halting, and the mass danger of falling a prey ; amusing, as well as touch- of beings over whom I wield a temporary influence ing, to find him exclaiming, “I wish I did not hate for a brief half-hour, are only chained by fluency, preaching so much, but the degradation of being a - held together as a column of sand is supported Brighton preacher is almost intolerable. •I cannot by the breath of desert wind. When that wind dig, to beg I am ashamed.'” Of course it was not ceases it resolves into its atoms again.” In pictu- the being a preacher, but figuring as a popular resque and forcible, almost too forcible, terms he preacher at a fashionable watering place, that he expresses his admiration for Channing, and at the felt to be degrading. same time shows his own freedom from religious It may be well, in closing, to temper praise with bigotry. A lady had betrayed her horror at find- candid criticism, and to caution the reader not ing on Robertson's table the recently published life to look for certain excellences in Robertson that of the famous Unitarian. "I told her," writes the are not to be found in him. Humor we search bis English churchman to a friend, " that if she and I pages for in vain; he was too tremendously in а : « $ 66 1903.) 117 THE DIAL earnest. But in what leader of religion who is some- the continent, Jamaica, and Bermuda. In 1851 thing more than a popular preacher shall we find he was married to Harriet Bradley, sister of this quality ? Not in Calvin or Edwards or Chan- George Granville Bradley, subsequently Dean ning or Savonarola or Wesley or Fox. Robertson of Westminster. Out of office hours music was distinctly says that he rates Wordsworth none the his chief hobby. lower for his lack of humor, a sense which he counted it folly to cultivate in himself when so many nobler It was in 1854 that Grove made the acquaint- qualities of mind and heart demanded nurture and ance of Tennyson and Stanley. His admira- training. He was by temperament irritable, im- tion for the former was both deep and lasting; petuous, given to exaggeration when deeply moved, later, he published some admirable studies of and in his earlier years not free from intolerance. Tennyson's lyrics in “ Macmillan's Maga- These defects he strove manfully to overcome, and zine " -- where under his editorship “Lucre- at the last we find him singularly open to the truth tius” first saw the light. But the introduction from whatever source, and holding temporarily many of his own opinions in a state of suspension. to Dean Stanley was far more momentous in its consequences. The pity is that such capacity for endless growth It not only brought Grove into contact with the man whom of all he ever and development should have come to so untimely an end, mortally speaking. But we may well be knew he reverenced most highly, but it practi- thankful for the volumes of his spoken and written cally determined the main course of his life for words that still remain to us, and, together with his the next dozen years. The story of this is best “Life and Letters," invite reperusal on this fiftieth told in an interesting autobiographical speech anniversary (Aug. 15) of his lamented death. delivered by Grove in 1880. After giving PERCY F. BICKNELL. various instances of the manner in which the . turning points in his career had been deter- mined by friends, he continued : The New Books. “What was it that started me to the study of the Bible? I had been brought up to know the Bible well, but the study of it was quite distasteful to me. What LIFE AND LETTERS OF SIR GEORGE was it that altered my feeling? Why, the bitter com- GROVE.* plaint of James Fergusson (distinguished antiquarian Of Sir George Grove's noble labors in the and historian) that there was no index of the proper names of the Bible. He was engaged then in an inter- service of Biblical research, and of the rich necine warfare with everybody who doubted his splen- fruits which his labors have also borne in the did theory that the round church in Jerusalem -- the anpals of English music, no one can write ex- Mosque of Omar was the church which Constantine cept in terms of respect and admiration. The built over the tomb of our Lord - or what Constantine results of his studies proved more than a suffi- believed to be the tomb of our Lord. Fergusson and I used to meet at the Assyrian Court of the Crystal Palace cient reward for years of earnest work. If Mr. and talk about many things, and this among them; and Charles L. Graves's present biographical me- it was in one of these talks that he lamented that he moir contains of necessity many more facts that could find no such list to support his argument. We are true than are new, let no one suppose the set to work, my wife and I, and made a complete index of every occurence of every proper name in the Old work is wanting in freshness or interest. Grove, Testament, New Testament, and Apocrypha, with their though often urged to write his life, never did equivalents in Hebrew, Septuagint Greek, and Latin. more than dictate, in 1897, a number of dis- Soon after this came a great event in my life -- I saw cursive anecdotal reminiscences, filling a half. the Dean of Westminster (Dean Stanley) for the first time. It was while he was Canon of Canterbury, and dozen copy-books. In addition to these, he left he was just finishing Sinai and Palestine.' He showed a quantity of autobiographical material in his me what he was then engaged on - the appendix. He letters, in the diaries kept during his tours in showed me that in Hebrew there were distinct words for the Holy Land, in his speeches and addresses, all the different kinds of natural objects — for moun- and, above all, in the numerous little pocket in Hebrew these terms were never interchanged, in the tains and hills, and rocks and plains — and that while note-books that he invariably carried about English Bible they were used indiscriminately, and that with him. a great deal of light might be thrown on the narratives Sir George Grove was born August 13, 1820, if they were set right in our Bibles, and other things at London. He received but an ordinary school of the same sort rectified. He set me alight in a mo- education, and at sixteen years of age was ap- ment, and I fairly blazed up. I rubbed up my Hebrew, of which I had learned the alphabet at Elwell's School. prenticed to Alexander Gordon, a civil engi. I got up German enough to plough through Ewald and neer, in which position his duties took him to Ritter, and plunged with delight into a sea of Biblical research." * LIFE AND LETTERS OF SIR GEORGE GROVE. By Charles L. Graves. New York: The Macmillan Co. It was to Stanley that Grove owed bis con- 118 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL 6 nection with the great “ Dictionary of the 1868, after having acted as assistant editor to Bible.” Dr. William Smith, lexicographer, Professor David Masson for several months, had already conceived the scheme of his greatest Grove undertook the sole editorship of “Mac- work. Stanley pointed out Grove as the best millan's Magazine,” to which he had been a Old Testament theologian he knew; and the contributor for fifteen years. With his wide zeal with which Grove threw himself into the range of interests, and his extensive acquaint- work may be judged from a letter to Smith, ance among the leading men of letters, science, dated Crystal Palace, January 16, 1857, in and art, he was admirably fitted for the post; which he submitted a list of upwards of two and, while securing the coöperation of many hundred words and names in A and B alone. He writers of established repute, he was no fetish. visited Palestine twice in 1858 and 1861. worshipper of names, but was always on the so that his topographical and geographical alert to recognize unknown writers. In 1871 articles might rest on the solid basis of close Mrs. Humphry Ward made her debut in personal survey; and, according to his own “ Macmillan's," with a paper on “The Poem of account, he wrote no fewer than 1100 pages the Cid.” It was about this time that Grove's out of the 3154 contained in the Dictionary. Saturday evening gatherings of intimates and Grove was engaged on this work for seven notables became a weekly occurence of consider- years; but during this period he contrived not able interest. The present Bishop of Lichfield only to prosecute his musical studies with great gives a charming picture of these gatherings. a zeal, but to play a part in the organization of “No one who has enjoyed the hospitality of Sir the musical performances of Crystal Palace far George and Lady Grove in their picturesque old wooden larger and more important than was demanded house in Lower Syndenham can forget the delightful Saturday evenings when friends, and men of letters, of him by the ordinary discharge of his duties and musicians would meet at the table of the Editor of as secretary • Macmillan's Magazine.' But however interesting and The origin of the analytical programmes eminent the guests might be, it was the host who was which made Grove's name a household word the soul of the company. He literally bubbled over with anecdote, enjoying his stories as much as any amongst all friends of music, and endeared the member of the party. He was always ready at repartee. familiar abbreviation of “G” to two genera- His humor was abundant, his versatility remarkable. tions of concert-goers, dated from a Crystal There were few subjects upon which he could not dis- Palace concert given to celebrate the birthday course; and he was able to produce his knowledge, not of Mozart in 1856. He says: only without effort, but with a certain enthusiasm which enlisted the keen interest of all who heard him. There “I wrote about the symphonies and concertos because were quiet Sunday evenings as well, when he welcomed I wished to make them clear to myself, and to discover his more intimate friends, and held sweet converse with the secret of the things which charmed me so; and then them on the highest and deepest subjects.” from that sprang a wish to make others see them in the In January, 1874, the prospectus of the same way." Dictionary of Music and Musicians per- For upwards of forty years, Grove contrib- haps the most notable of musical works,- the uted the lion's share of the analyses of editorship of which was entrusted to Grove, these programmes, — those of the works of was issued by the Messrs. Macmillan. Need- Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Schubert, Schumann, less to say, no editor ever entered on his task and Brahms being with hardly an exception with greater enthusiasm or carried it through from his pen; the analyses of the nine sym. with more laborious industry. In speaking of phonies of Beethoven were eventually expanded his association with the Macmillan firm, Mr. into an important volume published in 1896. George A. Macmillan says: “ After all the His work in this line was characterized by an · Dictionary of Music' remains as a splendid enthusiasm, a charm of exposition, and a wealth monument of his work with us, and, apart from of illustrative detail, that were all his own; actual product, it was no small advantage to a there may have been better analysts, anatomists publisher to have at hand a man of his keen and dissectors of the organism and structure of literary sense and varied knowledge.” the classical masterpieces than “G," but there Grove's visit to America, in 1878, was due has never been so suggestive and stimulating to the realization of a long-deferred scheme on a commentor upon their beauties. the part of Stanley. Grove was a keen observer, In 1865 Grove suggested a society for the and Mr. Graves has given us many anecdotes systematic exploration of Palestine; and in this of his trip in this country. He visited most of way began the famous Palestine Exploration the great Eastern cities, was interested in all Fund, of which he was made secretary. In May, he saw, and met many of the leaders of thought - - 6 > 1903.) 119 THE DIAL in the various States. A propos of his visit to in a fascinating manner, achieved his aim, which Concord, he said : was to give some notion of the man, bis work “I am writing to you from Emerson's home at the and character, to those who never met him, as end of a delightful day which I shall not easily forget. well as to refresh the affectionate memories of What is left of him is quite charming, and there is those who came within his sphere of influence. much left, though very much has gone. His memory has almost entirely fled, and he has to speak very slowly, A number of photograpbs, showing Grove at and appeal to his daughter, not only for names of peo- different stages of his life, are reproduced in ple and places, but for very ordinary words; but, on the the memoir. INGRAM A. PYLE. other hand, his face is one of the most expressive and lovable I ever saw. He has been reading to us, for more than an hour, his own poems and things of Words- worth's and others. He says nothing worth remember- ing, but it is impossible not to carry away the image of THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL.* the greatest goodness and sweetness. I have got a photograph of him, but it really gives no idea of the The two substantial volumes containing a beauty of his face." study of the “ Physiological Aspects of the A tangible recognition of Grove's services Liquor Problem” are the fourth of a series of was shown in a testimonial, contributed by three reports on the Liquor Problem, by the Com- , hundred literary and musical friends, in the mittee of Fifty charged with the scientific in- shape of a gold chronometer and a purse of vestigation of that perplexed and perplexing thousand guineas, presented to him in the ban subject. subject. “Like its predecessors,” we are told, quet room of St. James Hall, July 19, 1880. “this report is preliminary in its nature.” It Two years later he was offered the directorship has been prepared by the sub-committee on of the Royal College of Music, at the urgent the physiological and pathological aspects of request of the Prince of Wales; and during the the drink problem, and is edited by Dr. J. S. years that he occupied this chair he labored Billings. The book contains altogether ten industriously in the interest of music in the reports, or essays, dealing with different mat- United Kingdom. In January, 1899, bis ters investigated by the sub-committee. All of strength began to fail, while his memory grew these are full of valuable and interesting in- progressively worse ; he died May 28, 1900. formation, and must be carefully studied to be In forming the present biography, the author appreciated. There are numerous summaries has endeavored as far as possible to confine of the conclusions reached, but the perusal of himself to autobiographical material placed at these leaves an impression upon the mind which his disposal to let “G” reveal himself with is colorless compared with that produced by as little comment as possible. The pocket note reading the full details. In some cases the re- books kept by his subject, always full of inter- ports seem unduly lengthened by the narration esting obiter dicta, are fully utilized. His of experiments which have to be dismissed as habits, as was natural in a man who filled so misleading or worthless; but the sub-committee many different posts in a long life, varied in has thought it necessary to go into all these de- accordance with the work on which he was en- tails, because there is a whole forest of current gaged. One cannot but marvel at the amount errors to fell before daylight can be let in upon of work he achieved in the domain of Biblical the subject. research, belles lettres, musical biography, and The first report in the book (after the gen- criticism, considering that he was not a scholar eral report of the sub-committee) is, rather to or a linguist or a technical musician. When our surprise, pedagogical rather than physio- a friend congratulated him on the high stan- logical." It deals with the present instruction dard attained by “ Macmillan's Magazine,” he on the physiological action of alcohol, and is by replied: "To me the magazine is nothing but Doctors H. P. Bowditch and C. F. Hodge. It a monthly failure,” explaining that he never mainly consists of a vigorous attack on what succeeded in achieving his aim, which was not may be called the Black Bogie system of in- to please the initiated but to touch outsiders.struction, as promoted by the W. C. T. U. As a traveller he confessed that he belonged to After detailing the history of the movement, “that class which looks about in all directions, . PhysiOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE LIQUOR PROBLEM. fascinated not only with the grand sights above, Investigations made by and under the direction of W. o. but also with some humble aspect of nature at Atwater, John S. Billings, H. P. Bowditch, R. H. Chittenden, their feet.” and W. H. Welch, Sub-committee of the Committee of Fifty to Investigate the Liquor Problem. In two volumes. Boston: We may add that the present biographer has, Houghton, Mifflin & Co. a 120 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL 1 folic alcohol), particularly when te sperimenting with free field, and the result is an apparent stimu- : 66 6 9 a and describing the character of the “author- that he is poisoned ? That alcohol in any other ized” text-books on physiology, the writers say: than very moderate quantities has a genuinely “It is thus apparent that under the name of Scien- poisonous action is apparent from the numer- tific Temperance Instruction' there has been grafted ous experiments detailed by Dr. J. J. Abel in upon the public school system of nearly all our states the second volume. The last mentioned writer, an educational scheme, relative to alcohol, which is neither scientific, nor temperate, nor instructive” (p. 44). in his long report on the Pharmacological Action of Ethyl Alcohol, raises some very interesting There are appended many letters from Amer- ican and European physiologists, most of them questions. It appears that the supposed stimu- supporting the views of Messrs. Bowditch and lating effect of alcohol may have been quite misunderstood. Hodge in general, though the diversity of opin- Dr. Abel quotes James as ion and the general uncertainty as to many saying: details are conspicuous. The following state- “ We should all be cataleptics, and never stop a con- traction once begun, were it not that other processes ments may be selected as illustrative. simultaneously going on inbibit the contraction. Inbi- “In my opinion, alcohol is not a food, nor even a con- bition is, therefore, not an occasional accident; it is an diment."- Dr. H. G. Beyer. essential and unremitting element of our cerebral life” " I believe that we have abundant evidence that al- (p. 131). cohol has a certain food value.”—Prof. R. H. Chit- tenden. Now alcohol, by deadening down inhibitory in- “I bave also experienced the honor of an overdose fluences, may give certain positive reactions a whiskey in association with late Dr. . I lation. Thus : think of nothing more disagreeable than the effort to make observations on one's self when half poisoned. “In speaking of a certain type of individual James But I quite agree with you that, notwithstanding, al- says, “It is the absence of scruples, of consequences, of cohol is not a poison, as well as with your definition of considerations, the extraordinary simplification of each a poison as a thing wbich can only do harm and never moments outlook, that gives to the explosive individual good.”—Sir. J. Burdon Sanderson. such motor energy and ease.' This description aptly Physiology as an experimental science not only has applies to the individual who is under the influence of not, but I think never will decide whether the moderate a moderate ' quantity of alcohol. It tends to turn the use of alcohol is good or bad.”—Prof. P. H. Pye-Smith. inhibitive type of mind into the hair-trigger' type “ Alcohol is a poison and not a food.”—Prof. A. Forel. (p. 141). After perusing these and many other like state- Suppose a horse to be pulling a heavy load. ments, the reader may be excused for feeling It moves forward slowly and painfully; but all a little bewildered. The fact is, that, as in at once the tugs break, and the animal runs off, so many heated discussions, the chief things kicking up its heels. Superf , it might needed are common sense and an agreement as seem that there had been a sudden stimulus, to terms. In the second volume, Professor and that the active gyrations indicated an in- Atwater, after describing bis numerous and crease in the amount of work done. So often elaborate investigations, concludes thus: in the case of persons affected by alcohol. “ If we define food as that which, taken into the body, The experiments on dogs and rabbits, illus- either builds tissue or yields energy, alcohol is food, but trated by photographs, cannot be properly it is a very one-sided food. If we confine the word described here. The influence of alcohol in food to materials which, like bread and meat, contain producing fear is most significant, as also are protein and build nitrogenous tissue, alcohol is not a food; neither is starch, which is the chief constituent of the effects upon the vitality of the young born such food materials as wheat, corn, rice, and potatoes”. to alcoholized dogs, and the increased suscepti- (p. 314). bility to disease induced by chronic alcoholism. Practically, alcohol is not useful as a food-stuff Dr. Billings has compiled data relating to the under ordinary conditions ; though in certain use of alcoholic drinks among brain-workers forms of disease it may so serve. in the United States. It appears that of 892 As to whether alcohol is a poison, the con- cases, 18.7% were total abstainers, 64.9% OC- tradictory statements of Sir J. Burdon Sander- casional drinkers, and 16.3% regular moderate son illustrate the futility of the definition which drinkers. The number of regular drinkers is he approves. Elsewhere in the book it is clearly thus quite small; the “occasional drinkers” pointed out that the most poisonous substances ought, no doubt, mostly to be classed with the may be harmless or beneficial in certain small abstainers, as the majority of those who do not quantities. Hydrochloric acid is a normal con- ordinarily use alcohol will drink a little on stituent of the gastric juice; and yet if some- special occasions, and thus could not put them- one swallows a quantity of that substance, and selves down as total abstainers. dies in consequence, are we forbidden to say A little chapter by Dr. Bowditch, on “The a 1903.) 121 THE DIAL move. Use of Temperance Drinks, ?” is sandwiched was a happy thought to gather together in type in between discussions of the nutritive and these manifold tributes of esteem and rever- pathological effects of alcohol, and is likely to ence, and preserve them permanently in com- be overlooked. It appears that practically all pendious volumes, for the information and the tonics and bitters sold in drug-stores con- delectation of millions of American citizens. tain alcohol, and many of them very large The monument at Washington points every quantities. So “it is clear that very large visitor to the Capitol to the inestimable work of quantities of drinks containing a greater per Marshall as an artificer of the national common- centage of alcohol than the ordinary wines and wealth. The devoted efforts of the American beers are consumed among the most rigorous Bar bave now erected, in every library in the of total abstinence circles, and one of the fore- land, a monument equally worthy and equally most advocates of total abstinence has permitted enduring, bringing a like appreciation of the her picture to be used as an advertisement of great Chief Justice to the mind of every reader one of the most alcoholic of these drinks" of our history, the home-dweller and the trav- (p. 345, vol. 2). The percentage of alcohol by eller alike. volume in some of the drinks mentioned is as Much of the significance of this testimonial follows: Paine's Celery Compound, 21; Ayer's to the character and the virtues of Marshall Sarsaparilla, 26.2; Golden's Liquid Beef lies in the unanimity of sentiment disclosed by Tonic, “recommended for treatment for alco- the speakers who voiced his praise on this an- hol babit,” 26.5; Hostetter's Stomach Bitters, niversary. When he was appointed Chief 44.3; Boker's Stomach Bitters, 42.6 ; and so Justice, a century ago, partisan politics were forth! T. D. A. COCKERELL. at a white beat. In their bitterness they sought to invade the judicial bench, and the new ap- pointment wore in part the guise of a partisan But such partisanship as was involved THE MARSHALL MEMORIAL.* in it has been justified ; for, irrespective of the By the timely action of the American Bar, President's motive, the fitness of the appoint- immediately after the death of Chief Justice ment he made has long been unquestioned, and John Marshall in 1835, a fund was provided bas won the praise of many whose party affili- which, with its accretions, was in 1882 so sup- ations made them reluctant to commend. The plemented by the favorable action of Congress man whom the opening of the nineteenth cen- as to suffice to present to the country, in 1884, tury saw maligned and stigmatized is now, at a noble monumental portraiture of “the great the opening of the twentieth century, apotheo- Chief Justice," for the embellishment of the sized. From all sections of the Union alike, grounds fronting the Capitol at Washington. from all the learned professions and from all Visitors to these classic grounds have thus be- political parties, arise eloquent speakers who fore them an outward reminder of the lofty vie with each other in wreathing garlands for career of this devoted public servant. the name and fame of Marshall. On February 4, 1901, occurred the centen- These orations and addresses are monumen- nial of the advancement of this profound jurist tal in their extent and their quality, as well as to be the head of the federal judiciary; and in their unanimity. They emanate from thirty- this was made the occasion for erecting another eight different states and territories, in some of monumental tribute to his personal worth and which there were gatherings in several places ; his distinguished services. The day having been, they are the voices of the leaders of the bar by pre-arrangement, set apart as “ John Mar- and the community, including the present shall Day,” public exercises were held in nearly Chief Justice and two of his associates on the all the States of the Union, in commemoration Supreme Bench, and of clergymen, professors, of the event which opened up a great career a and statesmen; and they fill three noble vol- hundred years previously. Able and eloquent umes, aggregating upwards of fifteen bundred speakers, as with one voice, sought to place pages. Though the central feature in all of Marshall on the pedestal of his just fame. It these various sketches of Marshall is the jurist, yet this feature is not developed out of due JOHN MARSHALL: His Life, Character, and Judicial Services, as portrayed in the Centenary and Memorial Ad- proportion ; Marshall the man, the patriot, the dresses and Proceedings throughout the United States on citizen, and the statesman, are held in view; Marshall Day, 1901, and in the classic Orations of Binney, and the result is a well-rounded and sympa- Story, Phelps, Waite, and Rawle. Edited by John F. Dillon. In three volumes. Chicago: Callaghan & Co. thetic portrait of a most engaging character. . 122 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL our So it will not be the legal student alone, nor with copies of three fine portraits of the Chief yet the professional lawyer, but the American Justice. Appended to the collection are repub- citizen in every walk of life, and the general | lications of the ealogies pronounced by Horace reader as well, who may at convenience dip Binney and Judge Joseph Story on the occa- into these volumes, sure of finding therein sion of the death of Marshall in 1835, the congenial and entertaining reading. inspiring address of Edward J. Phelps given It would be impracticable to give in this re- in 1879 as a tribute to Marshall's memory, and view either fair samples of the matter of these the oration delivered by William Henry Rawle discourses or any adequate description of their at the unveiling of the monument at Washing- substance or merits. That there is, through ton in 1884. Thus has been woven together out their entire course, generous panegyric of a “Marshall Anthology." Marshall, may go without saying. Let it suf- Mr. Phelps summed up the value of Mar- fice here to note that the burden of all this shall's life-work by saying, with entire truth, wealth of encomium is the inestimable work of that "it is upon the entrusting to the judicial Marshall in giving life and force, by judicial department of the whole subject of the con- action from time to time, to the provisions of stitutional law, for all purposes, that the American Constitution. The process of government rests"; and he added that the vivification of that once feeble document was wonderful success of the system which em- not only necessary to its survival, but was an bodies that principle “is more largely due to absolutely essential condition of its develop- Chief Justice Marshall than to any other man, ment and expansion. All that the United or perhaps to all other men, who ever had States has become, in vigor, activity, and anything to do with it." Herein lay the occa- beneficence, has been due to its Constitution. sion and the justification of a Marshall centen- That this Constitution has been vital and en- nial anniversary; and Judge Dillon, in his ergetic, and not formal and lifeless, must be Introduction to these volumes, felicitously says ascribed to the wise and comprehensive work that “among the chief lessons of Marshall of the Supreme Court; and it was Marshall Day’ is the revelation of the public as well as who opened up the career of that Court in its the professional consciousness that the Supreme great usefulness. The fathers had drawn with Court is, verily, the living voice of the Con- fine skill the provisions of the Constitution, stitution, and that it is such is due preëmi- assigning a leading and important part of the nently to Chief Justice Marshall.” work of government to the Federal judiciary. It is a pleasure to welcome this Marshall A strong and fearless Supreme Court was Memorial as a substantial contribution to the needed to put into operation that judiciary as historical collections of the United States. It is the balance-wheel of the intricate system. It an additional pleasure to note the announce- was fortunate that the Hour and the Man met, ment in these volumes, that the publishers when Marshall was assigned to preside over “have arranged to issue, uniform with the this Court; for it is he whom all now concur in present work, an edition of Marshall's con- describing as " born to be the Chief Justice of stitutional decisions and writings, annotated, any country in which Providence should cast with the assistance of the present editor, by his lot.” The details of the character of his George S. Clay and John M. Dillon of the constructive work, and its relation to the la- New York Bar.” JAMES OSCAR PIERCE. bors of the early fathers, are perspicuously and instructively recounted by his enthusiastic en- The first four volumes of the Clarendon Press edition comiasts of “ Marshall Day.” Here speaks in of the “ Letters of Horace Walpole," edited by Mrs. Mrs. dulcet tones the gratitude of one republic, giv- Toynbee has obtained the use of over 400 letters not Paget Toynbee, will be ready in November. ing specific reasons for its appreciation of faith- included in the latest edition of the collected letters, ful public service. and upwards of a hundred of these have never before This collection of orations and addresses has been printed. A careful collation of the text with the been issued under the able editorship of Judge ing passages hitherto suppressed, and also many serious original MSS. has revealed many curious and interest- John F. Dillon, who was himself one of the errors in transcription. The notes, except those written “Marshall Day" speakers, and has furnished by Horace Walpole himself, have been compiled anew an appropriate and scholarly introduction to by Mrs. Toynbee, who has also prepared a very full the compilation. The volumes are well illus- analytical index. This new edition, to be complete in trated, a view of the tasteful Marshall monu- sixteen volumes, will be illustrated with fifty photo- gravure portraits of Walpole and his circle, and with ment at Washington being presented, together facsimiles. 1903.) 123 THE DIAL RECENT POETRY.* When a man whose chosen vehicle is prose under- takes to write verse, we are apt to look askance at the effort and to regret its misdirection. But a strong writer is worth listening to, even when he expresses himself through an unwonted medium; and the occasional verse of a prosateur often has qualities of strength and sincerity that are not always found in the writings of the poets by pro- fession. From such a source we hardly expect lyr- ical treasure-trove, but we may have vigorous and suggestive imagery, and other of the elements of poetic art. The verses of Mr. Thomas Hardy, for example, with all their limitations and defects, proved a genuine and pleasurable surprise; and something similar may be said of the volume into which Mr. Lecky collected his scattered verses sev- eral years ago. Mr. Zangwill, as his readers know, has occasionally mingled verses with the contents of his prose books, and hence we are not surprised to find that his activities in this sort have been sufficient to furnish forth a volume of respectable dimensions. He calls his poems “Blind Children,” for Are they not verily Blind Children, one and all; Wistfully haunted by That unattainable Glamorous sea of light True poems float within ?" The opening piece is a new version of the old theme beautifully dealt with by Schiller in “Die Götter Griechenlands.” It ends with this stanza: "The nymphs are gone, the fairies flown, The olden Presences unknown, The ancient gods forever fled, The stars are silent overhead, The music of the spheres is still, The night is dark, the wind is chill, The later gods have followed Pan, And Man is left alone with Man.' The succeeding piece takes this last verse for a text, and sermonizes upon the theme “At the Worst,” reaching this conclusion: “Evil is here? That's work for us to do. The Old is dying ? Let's beget the New. And Death awaits us? Rest is but our due." This seems to be the only gospel left us after the passing of the mythologies, but it is not without its inspiration. “Love's Bubble” is an exercise in one of the artificial forms so favored of late by rhymsters of every degree, and it comes near to having the charm of a true lyric. "If Love be but a bubble, Blown from the pipe of Life, That bursts and leaves but trouble And weariness and strife, Then who would cares redouble And leave his years as stubble And Sorrow take to wife ? If Love be but a bubble Blown from the pipe of Life. "If Love be but a bubble Blown from the pipe of years, Its beauty is but double That it is built of tears, And for its tender trouble I'd leave my life as stubble And pluck my ripest ears, Though Love be but a bubble Blown from the pipe of years." A touch of sardonic humor now and then finds its way into Mr. Zangwill's verses, as in his description of “ The Æsthete's Damnation." The ästhete finds Hell a very satisfactory place. "Such subtle sinuous flare, Such restful red unrest, Half shadow and half glare, Like Rembrandt at his best. “And while the light is ruddy, And while my zeal is hot, Oh what a chance to study My Dante on the spot !”. But these reflections are rudely interrupted, for “Then Satan grimly swore : I damn you up to heaven, Where you 'll find life a bore, And a day as long as seven. • Where the souls sit round and purr O'er each soporific blessing, Where the music's amateur, And the art is life-depressing." Mr. Zangwill comes nearest to being a poet when he is inspired by his own racial instincts. From poems upon Jewish motives we select this striking sonnet on “Moses and Jesus ” : “Methought on two Jews meeting I did chance - One old, stern-eyed, deep-browed, yet garlanded With living light of love around his head; The other young, with sweet, seraphic glance. Round them went on the Town's Satanic dance, Hunger a-piping while at heart he bled. Salom Aleikhem mournfully each said, Nor eyed the other straight, but looked askance. "Sudden from Church outrolled an organ hymn, From Synagogue a loudly chanted air, Each with its Prophet's high acclaim instinct. Then for the first time met their eyes swift-linked In one strange, silent, piteous gaze, and dim With bitter tears of agonized despair.” We should like to quote also from “ The Hebrew's the group of 2 BLIND CHILDREN. Poems by Israel Zangwill. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Co. MYRTLE AND OAK. By Rennell Rodd. Boston: Forbes & Co, THE SAILING OF THE LONG-SHIPs, and Other Poems. By Henry Newbolt. New York: D. Appleton & Co. THE TRIUMPH OF LOVE. By Edmond Holmes. New York: John Lane. THE OCEANIDES. Poems and Translations by Percy W. Shedd. New York: The Grafton Press. YOUNG IVY on Old WALLS. A Book of Verse. By H. Arthur Powell. Boston : Richard G. Badger. POMPEII OF THE WEST, and Other Poems. By John Hall Ingham. Philadelphia: The J. B. Lippincott Co. WESTWIND SONGS. By Arthur Upson. Minneapolis : Edmund D. Brooks. SWORDS AND PLOWSHARBS. By Ernest Crosby. New York: Funk & Wagpalls Co. UNFREQUENTED PATHs. Songs of Nature, Labor, and Men. By George E. McNeill. Boston: James H. West Co. 124 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL space forbids. 1 Friday Night,” and from “Yom Kippur,” but our yet remains to us shall be given to extracts from Sir Rennell's “Credo," at once the longest and the It was about twenty years ago that we first saw loftiest of his poems. It is a work almost worthy a volume of verse by Mr. Rennell Rodd. At that to be spoken of in the same breath with Mr. Swin- time Oscar Wilde was enjoying his brief vogue as burne's “ Hymn of Man" and with the prophetic a poet, and our chief impression of the new writer utterances of Tennyson's last years. was that he had taken Wilde for a model and pro- “Turn, turn from the cave's dark hollow! look up to the duced a rather poor imitation. But Mr. Rodd had light and see, Though thine eyes be dazed in the glory, the man that is staying qualities, for he has kept on producing verse yet to be! of winning mien, and has grown in grace as a poet “Time's wings are at pause beside him, and calm is his heart's during the period that has also witnessed his rise as strong beat, a diplomatist. He is now Sir Rennell Rodd, with And the dust of these old dominions is flowerful round his numerous volumes to his credit, besides a distin- feet. guished record in the foreign service. “Myrtle and "Exult, we have won the midway, and the light has scared the gloom, Oak is the title of a volume of poems which Sir And we smile at the old sad sentence, we are freed from the Rennell has selected for special publication in Amer- endless doom. ica; a few of the pieces are new, but most of them may be found in his earlier volumes. The collection "The arms of the dawn are reaching to gather the mist away, is charmingly introduced by an « Envoi ” which And your star that the hill-peaks harbored grows dim in bids the poet's song the rose of day. "I can see as it were in a vision the fullness of day unroll, “Go through that greater England And the light of the sunrise cresting the hills with its The years have reconciled, aureole. And touch the kindred blood that flows “First red in the sky at dawning, wild cloud and the bode of Through mother as through child ! storm, “And say to that new England But the winds are hushed and the clouds dispart for the For you, too, were we sung, feet of a queenly form. And in your heart the note must be To which our strain is strung! “On her brows is a crown of olive, her arms are outstretched afar, “And greet me that great England She is robed in a rainbow's glory, and each of her eyes is a My feet have never trod, star. Whose heroes are our heroes The sword that she bears is broken, the arc of her wings is And whose God must be our God." furled, The influence of both Browning and Tennyson is She is throned on the ancient mountains, and her smile goes over the world." strongly marked in this volume, the author having been inspired by the passion of the one and the There is no lack of virile energy in the poems of felicity of the other. It is felicity rather than Mr. Henry Newbolt, whose stirring ballads of En- passion that he himself achieves, as may be illus- glish fighting by sea and land have thrilled many trated by the very lines in which he pays tribute to patriotic hearts, making them stouter in their love the poet supreme among his contemporaries : of country and prouder in the emprise of its heroes. 'Singer of England's saga, back to the misty prime, From Mr. Newbolt's new volume, “ The Sailing of Rolling a morning glamour over the night of time; the Long-Ships, and Other Poems," we take this "Singer of English gardens, poet of English springs, song of Sir Francis Drake : Lover of earth's dear beauty, and all elemental things. “Drake in the North Sea grimly prowling, “Never a girl in England, or in England over the sea, Treading his dear Revenge's deck, But wakes to her life's first love-dream sweetlier-souled Watched, with the sea-dogs round him growling, for thee. Galleons drifting wreck by wreck. “Never a boy's young life-blood thirsts for the dawn of deeds, Fetter and Faith for England's neck, But it throbs to a nobler impulse as he turns thy roll and Fagot and Father, saint and chain, - reads." Yonder the Devil and all go howling, Devon, O Devon, in wind and rain!' If Sir Rennell does not achieve the expression of " Drake at the last off Nombre lying, passionate emotion, he is a master of tender senti- Knowing the night that toward him crept, ment set to flowing and graceful melody. What could Gave to the sea-dogs round him crying be more exquisite in its way than this simple stanza: This for a sign before he slept :- Pride of the West! What Devon hath kept “Where did you learn that music? For it drew My dreaming back down autumn paths of years, Devon shall keep on tide or main; Touched chords long silent and forgotten tears, Call to the storm and drive them flying, Recalled dim valleys where dead violets grew, Deyon, O Devon, in wind and rain.' Soothed me with twilight, as it were it knew "Valor of England, gaunt and whitening, The very secret of my heart and sighed Far in a Sonth land brought to bay, For sympathy, and when at last it died Locked in a death-grip all day tightening, It seemed as if my soul were singing too." Waited the end in twilight gray. Battle and storm and the sea-dog's way! Almost every poem in the volume tempts us to Drake from his long rest turned again, quotation, as we linger fondly over the lovely im. Victory lit thy steel with lightning, agery and noble idealism of the pages. What space Devon, O Devon in wind and rain!" 1903.) 125 THE DIAL A grave some- . 3 Mr. Newbolt has advanced in his art since “ Ad. " The gods are good! They drift the sand mirals All ” took the public by storm. Across the proud Assyrian land ; elegiac note has found its way into his song, and The gods are good! Their floods are sent, And great Atlantis' head is bent; becomes it exceedingly. The gods are good! Their ice-streams creep, To “ The Silence of Love" succeeds And where was life, is death and sleep. Ye mighty gods, oh grow not pale times — “The Triumph of Love"; and Mr. Edmond If some vain mortal groan and wail : Holmes, having voiced the one in an earlier volume, So much to do! So much to do! now sings the other in a new cycle of sixty-four The hour hath come! I'm not half through. . ., Shakespearian sonnets. The song is worthy of the Oh wait, ye gods. . theme, grave and tender, richly emotional, and not “Nay, let him mark the calm deep glance, ostentatiously exultant. We select for quotation The sternly gentle countenance the twentieth of the series. That sayeth: Live thy little day, A part for work, a part for play. “I love th less that I may love thee more : The cell hath birth, the cell doth live, The refluent wave rolls in with larger sweep, And then to death the cell I give; And surging up the half-abandoned shore Thereof new forms and strange I build, Wins a new margin for love's restless deep. The crystal rock with gold I gild, I love thee less that love may rest his wing The flow'r with honey have I filled, In drooping circles ere he soar anew, Unto the glow-worm light I lend. Ere he ascend in spiral airy ring, I gave thee life that thou mightst wend To pass from sight into the pathless blue. Thy little way; ... be not afraid, I love thee less that love may be re-born, Of thee yet something shall be made. That I may feel the breeze blow fresh and cold, But whether zoon or pearl or worm May breathe once more the fragrance of the morn, My great decree doth not confirm. May see once more the streaks of green and gold: Thou nor thy work shall go to waste ; I love thee less that out of love's dark night Naught in my realm is e'er displaced. May break the dawn of a diviner light." Be calm, and to thy life be true; “ The Oceanides" is a volume of poems and Thus only payest thou thy due." translations by Mr. Percy W. Shedd that offer Mr. Shedd's poems include other pieces that will much food for reflection. The titular poem is a reward the attention almost as richly as the one trifling lyric that suddenly breaks into German, and just quoted, and some sort of striking quality, be- represents the Oceanides as scorning the race of tokening a genuine individuality on the part of the mortals. writer, may be found upon nearly every page. But “ Du Sterblicher, was machst Du hier? we must now turn to his translations, which are also Get heim! zurück! Für Dich zu salzig ist das ‘Meeral’ Bier, remarkable, and which make up a full half of his Der Wallfischschnitt zu dick." collection. These translations are from many lan- On a later page we find a bit of translation that guages, Russian, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, begins as follows: Dutch, German, French, Italian, Spanish — even Finnish and Persian. They are mostly of unfa- “Twilight o'er forest is fallende : Over the lakes softly sleepende, miliar matter, although now and then the transla- Over the reeds . . . wild birds callende ... tor tries his hand at the old problems. Here, for Over the copse it comes creepende." example, is the song of Raphael in “ Faust": The mystery of these participles is explained when " The sun sings joyous as of eld; we say that the translation is from the Danish, and The spheres antiphonal reply; that the translator has thus sought to naturalize in In circling course forever held, He rolls in thund'ring majesty. English the Danish orthography. The same sort Archangels gaze and gather strength, of freakishness is illustrated many times in the Though fathomless the great design ; author's original verse; it is not offensive, but God's works throughout creation's length it is certainly odd. That Mr. Shedd can give us In pristine splendor rise divine." serious poetry, in spite of his whims, is a fact dis- This is almost as good as Shelley, and it is at the covered early in the volume, and enforced by many same time rather closer to the original text. Mr. examples. One of the finest of them is suggested Shedd's gifts as a translator are indeed remarkable, by the last words of the late Cecil Rhodes, and this and we are grateful for the many lyric jewels from we quote in full, despite its length. foreign tongues that he has put into musical En- * So much to do, so little done : glish. Most of all are we grateful for his transla- The old myopic rune doth run; tions of the poems of Dr. Ibsen. These versions As though the stars, the sea, the sun, Were much concerned at what was done. are scattered all along through the volume, and not “ Life's day is brief, and Art is long : until we approach the close do we realize that Mr. Another slumber-banning sovg ; : .. Shedd has translated practically the whole of Dr. But Nature smiles, and builds a flow'r, Ibsen's slender volume of poems. All the great Whose life is one long sentient hour, pieces are here Terje Vigen,” “ Abraham Lin- Whose root winds through the hollow eyes coln's Mord,” “ Paa Vidderne,” and the others Of some brave mortal past surprise ; And yet the flow'r is passing fair, and nearly all of the minor ones as well. And they Though Art had no dominion there. are better done, for the most part, than we could . . 66 126 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL 9 3 have thought possible. The version of “ Terje with me, for thou hast wept! Come, sing with me, Vigen” is a masterpiece of translation, and for the and touch my harp; for here I bring a Brother- first time that extraordinary poem is put in such a soul to thee, with all the Song in it as Chidder's form as really to convey to the English reader an song returning when Centuries revolved and Centu- adequate notion of its fire, its pathos, and its poetic ries came back to sing the same unwavering Song beauty. If Mr. Shedd had done nothing more than in India as in Hiawatha's Home — the Song of hu- this, he would deserve our heartfelt thanks. man Tears.” We are not acquainted with Chidder, Magazine verse is a fair description of Mr. H. but doubt if he could have sung of “ Wheat Eleva- Arthur Powell's “Young Ivy on Old Walls.” It tors in such strains as these : exhibits the peculiar type of mediocrity that seems “Castles, or Titans' houses, or huge fanes to be in favor with all but two or three of the Of ancient gods that yet compel men's fear- popular monthlies, being conventional and without What powers, what pomps do these betoken here Looming aloft upon the plough-seamed plains ?” salient characteristics. “ Death and Derision” is a good example. Perhaps this selection is not quite fair to Mr. Upson, “Love have I tasted, and its daring bliss and we hasten to supplement it by another, this time Hath bid me chant defiance to the storm. chosen without satirical intent. Once, cast ashore before the foiled wave's hiss, " In Holyrood, up yellow stair Beneath cold flesh my heart was bold and warm. I sought the turret chamber where "Wine have I drunk, with perfect throat of youth; On summer evenings long ago The grape's blood flowed with mine the veiny maze; The mandolin of Rizzio With quickened sense my body glowed, in truth, Made Mary music, rich and rare. Like startled Dian's 'neath Actæon's gaze. * And, pausing in the shadows there, "Joys fugitive, joys fugitive replace - Methought some echo of his air All that to youth's fair heritage belong; Along the ball came ringing low Perhaps the purest, after fight or chase, In Holyrood. To swoon in Music's arms, or live with Song. “Ah, 'twas a sighing wind that bare "At last, at close of some fierce, bloody strife, The burthen of old heart-despair, O Powers above! — when painful comes the breath, And trembled at the cagement so, Grant me this last, this crowning joy of life - Like dying hope or love in woe, To laugh at Death!" Remembering days when life was fair In Holyrood!” Mr. John Hale Ingham writes verse that is ob- vious and respectable. He can take any kind of a This is pretty, but we confess that the “bare' theme, and construct upon it a poem in any form, puzzles us. and the product becomes tolerable, except to the Mr. Ernest Crosby puts much indignation, and sense that finds all mediocrity intolerable. Mr. fervor, and moral earnestness into his “Swords and Ingham is inspired to sing by art, religion, foreign Plowshares,” preaching the Tolstoyan gospel with travel, and the memory of the great. Music also fanatical conviction. Most of the work in this vol. inspires him, and modern science. He is capable of ume is in the sort of irregular prose which we asso- writing sonnets on the trolley, the Röntgen ray, and ciate with Whitman, although without Whitman's liquid air. This is his poetic description of “ The verbal felicity and inspired phrasing. With these Trolley": pieces we have no concern, for they are not poetry Not with such steeds as on the Olympic day in any sense. When Mr. Crosby essays the regular To scorned defeat or sacred victory led, forms, he can write such a simple and direct appeal Nor by the powers of vapor piloted Whose shrieks fill night with discord and dismay, to the conscience as the following verses on “Life We journey here. This monster doth essay and Death": To clasp with claw of iron overhead "So he died for his faith. That is fine The chained, invisible lightning and be sped More than most of us do. By heavenly currents on its earthly way.” But stay, can you add to that line Mr. Ingham's collection is entitled “ Pompeii of That he lived for it, too? the West and Other Poems.” The title piece is a "In his death he bore witness at last comparison of the buried city of Magna Græcia with As a martyr to truth. Did his life do the same in the past the White City of Chicago, built for 1893, and now From the days of his youth? razed to the earth, while "It is easy to die. Men have died “Over lake and plain For a wish or a whim- The wild birds circle till the night sweeps on, From bravado or passion or pride. a not altogether accurate account of present-day Was it harder for him? conditions. “ But to live: every day to live out It is not every poet who can get a queen to stand All the truth that he dreamt, While his friends met his conduct with doubt, sponsor for his musings, but Mr. Arthur Upson bas And the world with contempt, been thus fortunate with his “ Westwind Songs," "Was it thus that he plodded ahead, and no less a personage than “Carmen Sylva” has Never turning aside ? introduced them. The introduction is in a fine vein Then we'll talk of the life that he led, of rhapsody. “ The Westwind said : Come, sing Never mind how he died." а a 1903.) 127 THE DIAL it. Several of Mr. Crosby's poems are inspired by tically ceased. Captain Chittenden says that the passionate indignation at the Philippine piracy river, contrary to the usual opinion, is as navigable which has disgraced our nation during these late as ever, and that the trade failed solely because the years. These pieces are not exactly poetry, but need for it had passed. In the very year of its fail- they have a bludgeon-like quality that makes them ure, Congress created the Missouri River Commis- effective. sion, which carried on extensive river improvements The “Unfrequented Paths" of Mr. George E. “ ” until its termination last year. When the trade McNeill are verses filled, like those of Mr. Crosby, stopped the improvement began. Captain Chitten- with a burning sense of the sufferings of humanity, den thinks that, notwithstanding their failure to and voice the plea of the common people against effect the object intended, the improvements have their oppressors. been worth much more than their cost in the saving “Lift off the poor man's burden, of property, and that upon this ground they should My country, grand and great; be continued. In his opinion, a future use for the The Orient has no treasures waters of the river will be found in the irrigation To buy a Christian State. of the arid lands along its upper course. During Our souls brook not oppression, Our needs - if read aright - the early period, the history of the navigation of Call not for wide possession, the Missouri amounts almost to a history of the But Freedom's sacred light." whole Missouri country, since the river furnished This verse is mostly of the pedestrian sort, but it the only means of communication and everything has the accent of sincerity, and its amiable philan- done in the country depended upon Viewed in thropy will endear it to uncritical readers. It this light, an apparently local topic covers a dis- comes nearest to taking flight from earth when it tinct phase in the development of the West, and celebrates the memory or the fame of such men thus becomes an important part of the history of as Lincoln, Webster, and Tolstoy. the whole country. Captain Chittenden tells the WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. story well. Large type and wide margins extend the work to two volumes ; but it is really a short narrative, which may be read with interest in a few hours. BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS. Game fishes, Two recent volumes of “The Sports- big and lillie, While collecting material for his Early steamboat man's Library” (Macmillan) are of the U.S. navigation on the “ History of the Fur Trade,” pub- devoted to the interests of the ang. Missouri river. lished a few years ago, Captain ler. In “Bass, Pike, Perch, and Others” Dr. James Chittenden made the acquaintance of the late Joseph A. Henshall treats of all of the game-fishes east La Barge, one of the pioneer steamboat men on the of the Rocky Mountains except the salmons and Missouri River, and wrote out from dictation his trouts, and the tarpons, jewfish, and other fishes of reminiscences, both for their bearing upon the his- large size which are described in other volumes of tory of the fur trade and with a view of preparing the series. Dr. Hensball writes from the full expe- a memoir of Captain La Barge. As the reminis- rience of many years of successful angling in waters cences covered the whole period of steamboat ac- fresh and salt, and from the point of view of the tivity upon the Missouri, the projected memoir has trained naturalist as well as that of the skilful very naturally expanded into the “ History of Early sportsman. The angler will find minute directions Steamboat Navigation upon the Missouri River concerning the appropriate tackle and other para- now published by Mr. F. P. Harper. Beginning phernalia of the sportsman, as well as valuable sug- on the Missouri in 1832, the steamboat business gestions concerning methods of angling for each was almost exclusively confined to the fur trade species, and a very intelligent discussion of the until 1846. After that, the Mormon migration, the habits of the fish. In this latter feature the book Mexican war, the gold fever, Indian missions, and is of considerable value as a work in natural history. railroad surveys increased the traffic, until in 1859 It includes a brief technical diagnosis of each spe- more boats left St. Louis for the Missouri than for cies, and is abundantly illustrated, so that the fish- both the Upper and Lower Mississippi. During the erman may determine the affinities of his catch with Civil War the trade suffered somewhat, but the Mon- scientific accuracy.— The second of the two volumes tana gold discoveries raised it to its highest point is also from the pen of a well-known sportsman- during the years immediately following. The rail- naturalist, Mr. Charles F. Holder, who writes of road reached the Missouri at St. Joseph in 1859, but “The Big Game Fishes of the United States.” Ang- it was not until 1867, the year of greatest prosperity ling for the great oceanic game-fishes — the tarpon, in the river trade, that the extension of the North- the tuna, and the black sea-bass — is essentially a western Railroad to Council Bluffs made the com- modern pastime, and its pursuit has led to the estab- petition serious. The struggle between road and lishment of the highest standards of sportsmanship river lasted twenty years. The final blow fell in in such organizations as the Tuna Club of Santa 1887, when the Great Northern reached Helena, Catalina. These giants of the sea are pursued and Montana. After that time, the river trade prac- taken-though not without a long and vigorous 128 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL a Birds in their relation to mankind. struggle - with tackle so light that the layman the atmospheric phenomena work together at any who first sees it doubts the evidence of his eyes. place on the earth's surface. Of necessity, separate The author does not give technical descriptions of treatment is given to the various climatic elements, the fishes he treats, but his word-pictures are so or factors, such as temperature, humidity, rain vivid that even the novice should be able to recog- and snow, velocity and direction of the wind, infla- nize his captures. There are also some very good ence of the ocean and of mountains, and of latitude. plates in color, by Mr. Charles F. A. Mielatz, of The main types of climate, — solar, physical, con- these large fishes in action, and other illustrations tinental, marine, and mountain, are defined, and which add to the value of the book. This volume their various differentiating factors are discussed will be of much interest to those who do not pursue with illustrations from meteorological measure- the big game of the deep. It is written by a most ments. The translator has made a number of changes experienced angler, and from his rich store he en. in the work. A few unimportant details of purely livens his account with many an entertaining tale, European interest have been omitted, a consider- all doubtless true, though nothing is lost in the tell- able number of illustrations from American sources ing. The book affords excellent fishing by proxy have been inserted, and such additions have been for those who prefer or who must take their sport made as are needed to bring the work up to date. in this way. The high standard of scientific and The American reader will still find the book largely literary excellence established in some of the earlier foreign in its sources and illustrations; but this is in numbers of the series is well maintained in these part due to the greater perfection and duration of latest volumes. European meteorological records, and in part to the The widespread study of living birds fact that the original author was a German. This in the field has so awakened interest is not a popular work, but a thoroughly modern in all their activities that a manual high-grade scientific treatise on a somewhat techni- · of economic ornithology is most opportune. Pro- cal though familiar subject, — the weather. fessor C. M. Weed and Mr. Dearborn, in their A volume for In writing of “ Municipal Public “ Birds in Relation to Man” (Lippincott), have city officials and students of Works, their Inception, Construction, compiled from the numerous and widely scattered municipal affairs. and Management,” Mr. S. Whinery, Government and State reports, and from scientific a civil engineer of New York, shows a broad out- journals and their own note-books, a very full ac- count of the feeding habits of our more important look upon the problems involved, as well as a famil- native birds, and of the relation which such habits iarity with the details of municipal engineering and contracting. The result is a volume of practical bear to harmful and beneficial insects, to the fruit value, not only to the inexperienced city officials for and grain industry, and to the foes and friends of whom it is primarily intended, but to students of the farmer in orchard, field, and meadow. The book abounds in statistical details of potato beetles municipal affairs generally. Mr. Whinery expres- ses the unorthodox opinion that municipal contrac- slain by the thousand and caterpillars by the tens tors are not necessarily corrupt, and even holds of thousands ; while the broader phases of the sub- that public work may often be done by contract ject are not overlooked. We find an account of more economically and satisfactorily than by the the procedure employed in the study of the food of direct employment of labor by the city. There are birds, and note with pleasure the substitution of more humane methods for that of the deadly shot- chapters on special assessments and uniform mu- nicipal accounting, a well-balanced discussion of gun. There is an account of the history of economic municipal ownership, and a final chapter offering ornithology, a discussion of the proportions of ani- well-considered suggestions for the control of public- mal and vegetable elements in the food of birds, and service corporations. The municipality and the some astonishing statistics as to the amount con- sumed. Methods for the conservation of the birds. quasi-public corporation are likened to the partners , in an enterprise of common benefit, between whom devices for preventing their depredations, and means there should be mutual cooperation rather than of encouraging their presence in garden and or- chard, are discussed, and a full bibliography, prin antagonism; and principles are laid down by means of which the public might make sure of its share of eipally of American sources, is given. The book will be a welcome and valuable addition to many the benefits resulting from future grants of fran- chises. (Macmillan.) school libraries, and to the book-shelf of every na- ture lover. Professor Laughlin of the Uni- The first volume of Professor Julius The futility of Reciprocity. versity of Chicago, and Professor Hann's Handbuch der Klimatologie, Willis of Washington and Lee Uni- of Climate. in its second German edition, has versity, have prepared a timely and practical ex- been translated by Professor R. De C. Ward, and is position of the too little understood subject of now issued as a complete “ Handbook of Climat- Reciprocity, particularly as it concerns trade con- ology” (Macmillan). It deals with all of the gen- ditions in this country. The authors quote and eral phases of the subject, and seeks to present as endorse President Hadley's definition of reciprocity graphic a picture as possible of the way in which all as “a relation between two independent powers, The science , 1903.] 129 THE DIAL > a such that the citizens of each are guaranteed cer- William Travers Jerome, the successful candidate tain commercial privileges at the hands of the for the office of District Attorney on the Fusion otber.” They treat of the origin and nature of the ticket, and preceded by an account of the series of reciprocity idea, consider the subject historically, raids of gambling-houses which brought Mr. Jerome show that not until the last quarter-century had it into prominence as a reformer. It is interesting obtained any great hold upon the public mind as a to note that these raids were not begun on Mr. determinate policy, trace clearly and impartially Jerome's initiative, but that his determination that Congressional legislation on the subject beginning they should not be farces, backed by the authority with Canada and Hawaii and following the work of his judicial position exercised in impromptu ings under the McKinley and Dingley Acts and court-rooms, was what made all the difference be- the effects of the Wilson Bill repealing the reci- tween these raids and the ineffectual ones that had procity clause in the McKinley Act, show the inef- been made from time to time before. Mr. Jerome's ficient and unsatisfactory results under the policy fearless honesty and bluntness of speech are well generally, and conclude that as the outcome of all illustrated by extracts from his public utterances the attempts “the futility of reciprocity efforts has during the campaign, which more than once were apparently been shown with great conclusiveness." thought to have alienated more votes than they They believe that a revulsion of opinion has set could win, but which proved to be as successful with in, and that tariff.reform sentiment is in the atmos- the people as they were satisfactory to the con. phere and not far distant; that at most reciprocity science of the speaker. The narrative combines has been but a poor piece of legislation calculated the fascination of fiction with the value of an inter- to placate the demand for substantial relief from esting and important section of recent history, and high tariff duties. The subject seems to have been may be read with profit by the friends of reform handled in a fair and intelligent way. The bibliog- everywhere. Mr. Hodder shares to the full Mr. raphy is very full and valuable, and the appendix Jerome's dislike for “the administrative lie" and contains various treaties and agreements with dif- "the decorative phrase,” and is, in short, something ferent countries growing out of the reciprocity idea. of a hero-worshipper. (Baker & Taylor Co.) It is mainly to the half-dozen charm. In “God and Music” (Baker & The Poet of the ing translations by Mr. Andrew Music and Renaissance. Religion. Taylor Co.), Dr. John Harrington Lang that English readers owe their Edwards has undertaken a study of knowledge of Pierre de Ronsard, foremost poet of theology in its relations to music, and of music in the Renaissance in France and known throughout the possibilities of its adoption to religious life and the Europe of his own day as “ Prince of Poets." work. He points out that the more thoroughly But these and some other fugitive renderings from music is studied, in its rhythmical constitution and various hands have only served to whet our ap- its correlations with other forms of spiritual and petites for the feast which is now spread in the physical being, the more certainly it is seen to volume of “Songs and Sonnets of Ronsard,” as be cosmical in itself, and in its interrelations with selected, translated, and edited by Mr. Curtis the rest of the universe. “ Music,” says the au- Hidden Page, and issued from the “limited edition thor, " is the lingua franca of the universe, the department” of Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. only known language indigenous to heaven and Mr. Page's work seems to us in all ways excellent. heard in all inhabited worlds. . . Music, as in- His translation is graceful and fluent to a marked volved in Nature, is objective, elementary, me- degree, and almost uniformly successful in follow- chanical. Innate in man, and evolved by human ing the difficult verge-forms and rhythms of the intelligence and effort, it is subjective, intellectual, French poet. His Introduction is a finisbed bit of purposed. That its scientific marvels and wsthetic critical writing, and the Notes are neither cumber- beauty are the chance products of purposeless evo- some nor superfluous. To the mechanical form of lution, let him believe who can." Dr. Edwards the volume praise may be accorded in equal mea- inquires into the power of music, discusses musico- sure. It is in many respects the most pleasing piece therapy, the law and correlations of music, etc., of book-making yet accomplished by Mr. Rogers in and treats the subject from its scientific and es- his work at the Riverside Press. Typography, thetic points of view, as well as in its theological paper, and binding are so skilfully chosen as to aspects. We are told that no special originality is produce an antique atmosphere at once delightful claimed for the present work, except, perhaps, in in itself and in perfect harmony with the delicate the marshalling of known facts, and the converging old-world flavor of Ronsard's verse. For the col. apon the main point of more or less familiar lines lector of fine books, no less than the lover of beau- of argument in an unfamiliar but legitimate way. tiful poetry, this little pocket volume will prove a treasure. A notable chapter Mr. Alfred Hodder's volume entitled of municipal “A Fight for the City" (Macmillan) history. An interesting study of “George Sand and her is a narrative of the political cam- French Style" is contributed by Mr. Prosser Hall paign in New York City in the fall of 1901, cen- Frye to the July number of the “ University Studies” tring around the interesting personality of Mr. published by the University of Nebraska. . > 130 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL " > 9 Brentano's are the publishers of a small manual of BRIEFER MENTION. « Travellers' Colloquial Spanish," which gives the equiv- Mr. Sherwin Cody's “Selections from the Best Eng- alent in phonetic pronounciation of all the phrases used. lish Essays” (McClurg) is intended to illustrate the An important symposium on the negro problem, development of English prose style by a series of typi- including contributions from most of the recognized cal examples. The authors represented are Bacon, leaders of the colored race in America, will be issued Swift, Addison, Lamb, DeQuincey, Carlyle, Emerson, this Fall by Messrs. James Pott & Co. Macaulay, Ruskin, and Arnold an unimpeachable se- “ Naturalism in the Recent German Drama, with lection. But Mr. Cody's book is more than a mere Special Reference to Gerhart Hauptmann," by Mr. reprint, for it includes an introductory chapter of some Alfred Stoeckins, is a doctoral dissertation that comes thirty pages on The English Essay and English Prose to us from Columbia University. It has a useful bib- Style,” while with each writer represented goes a brief liography. special introduction. The selections given are typical Messrs. Laird & Lee are the publishers of “Webster's of their authors, and all belong to English literature in New Standard Dictionary,” a substantially leather- the best sense. Mr. Cody, in preparing this volume, bound volume of moderate dimensions for school and has done a real service to the busy reader who does not office use. The work is indexed, has many cuts, and hope to be a scholar but who is glad to learn something comes neatly boxed. of the development of the chief literary forms. Messrs. Ginn & Co. publish a little book of " Agri- Three volumes of the “Centenary” edition of Em- culture for Beginners," the joint work of Professors erson have now been published by Messrs. Houghton, Charles William Burkett, Frank Lincoln Stevens, and Mifflin & Co. “ Nature: Addresses and Lectures" is Daniel Harvey Hill, all of the North Carolina College the title of the first, which gives us a handsome portrait of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. in photogravure, a preface and biographical sketch by John Healey's translation of St. Augustine's “De Dr. Edward Waldo Emerson, and an extensive collec- Civitate Dei,” in an edition prepared by Dr. F. N. tion of notes, which are of the greatest value. The Bussell, somewhat rearranged as to text, and provided “Essays," first and second series, are given in the two with notes, is published by the Macmillan Co. as a other volumes, which also are supplied with the notes “ Temple Classic” in three volumes. which form the distinctive feature of this new edition. The total number of volumes cannot yet be announced, “Stories from the Hebrew," by Miss Josephine Woodbury Heermans, is a reading-book for schools for the pleasant reason that much hitherto unpublished material is to be added to Emerson's works, and the which draws for material alternately upon the books of the Old Testament and the works of the modern poets. amount of this is not yet definitely determined. Typo- Messrs Silver, Burdett & Co. are the publishers. graphically the volumes are all that the most exacting taste could wish. Mr. Ernest L. Briggs, of the former firm of Briggs Brothers, Plymouth, Mass., will hereafter conduct a We have previously spoken of Mr. Roscoe Lewis Ashley's “The Federal State ” as probably the best general publishing business in Boston under the style of " The Fortune Press.” His first book will be “ A manual of the subject thus far prepared for secondary instruction. The book is somewhat bulky for such use, Rose o' Plymouth-Town," written by Miss Beulab Marie Dix and Miss Evelyn Greenleaf Sutherland. which to some minds constitutes a serious objection, and it is with such critics in mind that the author has now A“ Biographical ” edition of Charles Dickens's works produced a briefer work on the same subject, entitled is announced for immediate publication by the J. B. "American Government,” and published, like its pre- Lippincott Co. Each of the twenty volumes will con- decessor, by the Macmillan Co. The work has illus- tain a biographical introduction, and the series of trations, wbich is something of a new departure for original drawings by Cruikshank, “ Phiz," and others. Forster's Life is also to be included in the edition. text-books of civil government. We can recommend it in much the same terms that were applied to the earlier Volume XI. of “The New International Encyclo- and larger volume. pædia" (Larrey - Maximianus II.), has just been sent us by Messrs. Dodd, Mead & Co. Among the note- worthy articles are Latin Literature, Libraries, Light, Lincoln, London, Lucien, Magnetism, and Man. The NOTES. illustrations are, as usual, numerous and interesting, It is announced that Professor W. E. Burghardt Mr. John Lane will publish shortly a new contribu- Du Bois is at work on a novel which Messrs. A. C. Mc- tion to the Froude-Carlyle controversy, entitled “ The Clurg & Co., the publishers of his successful book, Nemesis of Froude." · The Souls of Black Folk,” will bring out in the Fall “ A New German Grammar," by Professor Marion of 1904. Needless to say, Professor Du Bois's story D. Learned, is a new “Twentieth Century Text-Book” will deal with the subject that lies nearest bis heart- published by Messrs. D. Appleton & Co. the Negro problem. “Descriptive Chemistry," by Dr. Lyman C. Newell, Two more volumes of the reissue of Arber's is a secondary text-book, with experimental supplement, “ English Garner" have been sent us by Messrs. E. P. just published by Messrs. D. C. Heath & Co. Dutton & Co. Mr. C. H. Firth edits the volume of Mr. Samuel Merwin's new novel entitled “ His Little “Stuart Tracts," which contains practically no new World,” dealing with life on the Great Lakes, will be material, in distinction from the volume of “Fifteenth published shortly by Messrs. A. S. Barnes & Co. Century Prose and Verse,” edited by Mr. Alfred W. “ The Origin of American State Universities," by Pollard, nearly half of the contents of this collection Mr. Elmer Ellsworth Brown, is published at Berkeley being now for the first time included. The new matter in the educational series of “University of California includes “Everyman,” from John Skot's edition, circa Publications." 1525, which will be welcome to many readers. (G 1908.) 131 THE DIAL > 9 A new edition of Richard Jefferies' “ Wild Life in a Southern Village” will be published this Fall by Messrs. Little, Brown, & Co. under the title “ An English Village.” The special features of the edition will be a series of photographs made by Mr. Clifton Johnson in the County of Wiltshire, and an Introduction by Mr. H. W. Mabie. Ten years ago we reviewed M. Desiré H. Girouard's valuable historical monograph on “Lake St. Louis." A supplementary volume, containing much new matter brought to light during recent years, is now published by Messrs Poirier, Bessette, & Co., Montreal. The work has, we understand, also been published in a French edition of which the thick pamphlet now be- fore us, which continues the paging of the earlier vol- ume, is an English translation. For the octavo series of the decennial publications of the University of Chicago, Miss Myra Reynolds bas edited « The Poems of Anne Countess of Winchester." Besides the volume of 1713, the editor has had access to two important manuscripts, which contain many pieces hitherto unprinted. A long critical and biographical introduction, compiled from original sources, is contrib- uted by the editor, and is a valuable feature of the edition. The volume is a stout one, containing upwards of four hundred pages. Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.'s list of publications for the coming Autumn promises to be rich in interest and variety. In the field of fiction there will be new books by Kate Douglas Wiggin, Clara Louise Burnham, the Baroness von Hutten, Guy Wetmore Carryl, Will Payne, Ruth Hall, Mary Hallock Foote, Ellen Olney Kirk, and Mrs. M. E. M. Davis, to mention only well- known authors. There will be volumes of essays by Thomas Bailey Aldrich, Samuel M. Crothers, Henry D. Sedgwick, Jr., and Charles A. Dinsmore; and new nature books by John Burroughs and Bradford Torrey. A biography of Henry Ward Beecher, by Lyman Abbott, is promised, as well as Prof. Simon Newcomb’s “Rem- iniscences of an Astronomer,” two volumes on “ Ameri- can Tariff Controversies in the 19th Century,” by Edward Stanwood, and “Ultimate Conceptions of Faith,” by Dr. George A. Gordon. There will be six or seven new volumes of poetry. Charles Carroll Bonney died at his home in Chicago on the twenty-third of August, having nearly com- pleted his seventy-second year. He was born and educated in Hamilton, New York, where he taught school for a time. He came to Illinois in 1850, con- tinued teaching for two years, and was then admitted to the bar. He practised law in Chicago for over thirty years, and became eminent in his profession. His chief title to fame is based upon his organization and direc- tion of the entire series of Congresses held in Chicago in 1893, at the time of the World's Fair. To him, far more than to any other man, was due not only the in- ception but the carrying into effect of this extraor- dinarily successful enterprise. The extensive body of literature resulting from the Congresses was collected by him and is now deposited in the Chicago Public Library, where it will remain as a visible memorial of what he accomplished. He was a writer of law-books, and of many miscellaneous papers on matters of relig- ion, political philosophy, and social reform. He was also a valued contributor to these pages. A good man in the best sense, and a man of remarkable intellectual force, his death is a cause for sincere mourning on the part of all who enjoyed his acquaintance. TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS. September, 1903 Anti-Saloon League, The. H. G. Furbay. North American. Assiniboine, Mt., First Ascent of. James Outram. Century. Balkans, Problem of. A. L. Snowden. North American. Berlin Bourse, The. William C. Dreher. Century. Bible in Public Schools, The. H. W. Horwill. Atlantic. British Naval Progress. A. S. Hurd. North American. Canadian College Girls. Archibald MacMechan. Allantic. Census, Twelfth, Results of. W. R. Merriam. Century. Composer, An American-Indian. Natalie Curtis. Harper. Conclave and the Pope. Talcott Williams. Rev. of Reviews. Cotton Crop of Today. R. H. Edmonds. Rev. of Reviews, Deaf, Teaching the. John A. Macy. World's Work. Diaz, Renomination of. L. S. Rowe. Review of Reviews. Guns, Making Big. Albert Gleaves. World's Work. Hearts, Queen of. Henry A. Beers. Atlantic. Heroes in Black Skins. Booker T. Washington. Century. Horse in America, The. John G. Speed. Century. Impressions, Some Early. Leslie Stephen. Atlantic. Indifferentism. Bliss Perry. Atlantic. Italian Progress, Thirty Years of. World's Work. Judges, Some Famous. George F. Hoar. Scribner. Lamb's One Romance. John Hollingshead. Harper. Land-Run, A Northwest. Ray S. Baker. Century. Lefthandedness, Leftsidedness. C. Lombroso. No. American. Leo XIII., Character of. James Cardinal Gibbons. Century. Leo XIII., his Work and Influence. North American. Libraries, Rural School, in North Carolina. Rev. of Reviews. Literary Centre," The. M. A. De Wolfe Howe. Atlantic. Mexico, Am. Influence in. E. P. Lyle, Jr. World's Work. Military Attaches, Work and Play of the. Scribner. Negro Problem in So. Africa. Arthur Hawkes. Rev. of Revs. Nicholas V., In the Chapel of. Harriet Monroe. Atlantic. North, Christopher. W. A. Bradley. Atlantic. Paganism. Harriet Waters Preston. Atlantic. Panama Route, - Why Originally Chosen. North American. Paris School Colony, A. Stoddard Dewey. Harper. Pelée, A Wonderful Change in. E. O. Hovey. Century. Plants, Some Successful. A. J. Grout. Harper. Pope, The New. W. T. Stead. Review of Reviews. Pronunciation, Standard of. T.R. Lounsbury. Harper. Race Problem, The. Lyman Abbott. Review of Reviews. Railroad Accidents in America and Europe. World's Work. Railroad Engineering, Featslof Modern. World's Work. Reform Results in N. Y. Edward Lowry. World's Work. Religious Education, New Movement for. Rev. of Reviews. Riches, - Are They Demoralizing Am. Life. World's Work. Rival Systems, and Malayan Peoples. No. American. School, Model Preparatory. F.T. Baker. World's Work. Shakespeare's Trade. Brander Matthews. North American. Suffrage, Why Women do not wish. Lyman Abbott. Atlantic. Tammany's New Ruler. Franklin Matthews. World's Work. Temperatures, Low, Effects of, on Organic Life. Harper. University, Ideal of an. Charles Waldstein. No. American. Wage-Earner, An Educated. Jocelyn Lewis. Atlantic. Whistler, James McNeill. Joseph Pennell. No. American. Whistler's Art. Franklin J. Mather, Jr. World's Work. Wordsworth, The Secret of. Bradford Torrey. Atlantic. Wyoming Game Stronghold, The. Frederic Irland. Scribner. LIST OF NEW BOOKS. (The following list, containing 52 titles, includes books received by THE DIAL since its last issue.] BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS. Beatrice D'Este, Duchess of Milan, 1475-1497: A Study of the Renaissance. By Julia Cartwright (Mrs. Henry Ady). Second edition ; illus. in photogravure, 8vo, un- cut, pp. 387. E. P. Dutton & Co. $3. net. Schumann. By Annie W. Patterson, Mus. Doc. Illus. in photogravure, etc., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 232. "Master Musicians." E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.25. 132 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL 66 POLITICS, SOCIOLOGY, AND ECONOMICS. The Independence of the South American Republics : A Study in Recognition and Foreign Policy. By Fred- eric L. Paxson. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 264. Philadelphia : Ferris & Leach. $2. Limanora: The Island of Progress. By Godfrey Sweven. 12mo, pp. 711. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50. New Harlem, Past and Present: The Story of an Amazing Civic Wrong, Now at Last to be Righted. By Carl Horton Pierce. Illus., 8vo, pp. 333. New York: New Harlem Publishing Co. The History of Contract Labor in the Hawaiian Islands. By Katharine Coman, Ph.B. Large 8vo, un- cut, pp. 68. "American Economic Association Publica- tions." Macmillan Co. Paper, 75 cts. MUSIC. French Music in the XIXth Century. By Arthur Hervey. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 271. E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.50 net. Technique of Musical Expression: A Text Book for Singers. By Albert Gérard-Thiers. 8vo, pp. 108. New York: Theodore Rebla Publishing Co. $1. BOOKS OF REFERENCE. The New International Encyclopædia. Edited by Daniel Coit Gilman, LL.D., and others. Vol. XI., illus. in color, etc., large 8vo, pp. 1050. Dodd, Mead & Co. (Sold only in sets by subscription.) Travellers’ Colloquial Spanish : A Hand-book for Eng- lish-Speaking Travellers and Students. By Howard Swan. 18mo, pp. 102. Brentano's. 50 cts. net. Thomas Gainsborough. By Arthur B. Chamberlain. Illus., 24mo, gilt top. pp. 228. "Popular Library of Art." E. P. Putton & Co. 75 cts. net. HISTORY A History of the Peninsular War. By Charles Oman, M.A. Vol. II., Jan.- Sept., 1809; from the Battle of Corunna to the End of the Talavera Campaign. Illus. in photogravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 664. Oxford University Press. $4.75 net. Stuart Tracts, 1603-1693. With Introduction by C. H. Firth. 8vo, pp. 514. "An English Garner." E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.25 net. Boone's Wilderness Road. By Archer Butler Hulbert. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 207. “ Historic High- ways." Cleveland : Arthur H. Clark Co. $2,50 net. GENERAL LITERATURE. Essays and addresses. By Jules Cambon, Ambassador of France to the United States. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 90. D. Appleton & Co. Fifteenth Century Prose and Verse. With an Introduc- tion by Alfred W. Pollard. 8vo, pp. 324. "An English Garner." E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.25 net. NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE. Memoirs of the Life of John Mytton, Esq. By Nimrod ; illus. in color by Henry Alken and T. J. Rawling. 18mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 206. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50. The Tour of Doctor Syntax in Search of the Picturesque: A Poem. Illus, in color by Thomas Rowlandson. 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 266. Ď. Appleton & Co. $1.50. The Story of Kennett. By Bayard Taylor. “Cedarcroft" edition ; illus., 12mo, pp. 469. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50, Works of Charles Dickens, "Fireside" edition. New vols.: Dombey and Son; David Copperfield ; Reprinted Pieces, etc. Each illus., 12mo. Oxford University Press. Per vol., $1. BOOKS OF VERSE. An Ode on the Semi-Centennial of Franklin and Marshall College. By Lloyd Mifflin. 8vo, pp. 17. Privately printed. Paper. Hepbæstus, Persephone at Enna, and Sappho in Leucadia. By Arthur Stringer, 12mo, unout, pp. 43. Toronto: Methodist Book & Publishing House. Of Both Worlds. By Herman Scheffauer. With portrait, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 144. San Francisco: A. M. Robertson, $1.25 net. FICTION. Monsigny. By Justus Miles Forman. Illus., 12mo, uncut, pp. 246. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.50. The Silver Poppy. By Arthur Stringer. 12mo, pp. 291. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50. Whitewash. By Ethel_Watts Mumford. Illus., 12mo, uncut, pp. 319. Dana Estes & Co. $1.50. Under Mad Anthony's Banner. By James Ball Naylor. Illus., 12mo, pp. 394. Saalfield Publishing Co. $1.50. The Millionaire's Son. By Anna Robeson Brown, Illus., 12mo, uncut, pp. 397. Dana Estes & Co. $1.50. The MS. in a Red Box. 12mo, uncut, pp. 329. John Lane. $1.50. The Gentleman from Jay. By George William Louttit. Illus., 12mo, pp. 235. G. W. Billingham Co. $1.25. The Man in the Camlet Cloak. By Carlen Bateson. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 320. Saalfield Publishing Co. $1.50. Cirillo. By Effie Douglass Putnam. 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 234. New York: Life Publishing Co. Out for the Coin. By Hugh McHugh. Illus., 18mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 107. G. W. Dillingham Co. 75 cts. TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION. Old Paths and Legends of New England: Saunterings over Historic Roads with Glimpses of Picturesque Fields and Old Homesteads. By Katherine M. Abbott. Illus., gilt top, uncut, pp. 484. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $3.50 net. Towards the Rising Sun: A Story of Travel and Adven- ture. By Sigmund Krausz. Illus., 12mo, pp. 302. Laird & Lee. $1.50. RELIGION, The Recovery and Restatement of the Gospel. By Loran David Osborn, Ph.D. 12mo, uncut, pp. 253. Uni- versity of Chicago Press. $1.50 net. BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG. On Special Assignment: Being the Further Adventures of Paul Travers. By Samuel Travers Clover. Illus. 12mo, pp. 307. Lothrop Publishing Co. $1. net. A Partnership in Magic. By Charles Battell Loomis. Illus., 12mo, pp. 270. Lothrop Publishing Co. $1. net. Defending the Bank, By Edward S. Van Zile. Illus., 12mo, pp. 313. Lothrop Publishing Co. $1. net. Ethel in Fairyland. By Edith Rebecca Bolster. Illus., 12mo, pp. 142. Lothrop Publishing Co. $1. net. The Mutineers. By Eustace L. Williams. Illus., 12mo, pp. 291. Lothrop Publishing Co. $1. net. Fifer-Boy of the Boston Siege. By Edward A. Rand. Illus., 12mo, pp. 326. Jennings & Pye. 50 cts. net. BOOKS FOR SCHOOL AND COLLEGE. The British Nation: A History. By George M. Wrong, M.A. Illus., 12mo, pp. 616. D. Appleton & Co. American Government: A Text-Book for Secondary Schools. By Roscoe Lewis Ashley. Illus., 12mo, pp. 356. Macmillan Co. $1. net. Virgil's Aeneid-First Six Books. Edited by Jesse Benedict Carter. Illus. in color, etc., 12mo, pp. 400. D. Appleton & Co. Agriculture for Beginners. By Charles William Burdett, Frank Lincoln Stevens, and Daniel Harvey Hill. Illus., 12mo, pp. 267. Gion & Co. 75 cts. net. Aus dem deutschen Dichterwald: Favorite German Poems. Edited by J. H. Dillard. 12mo, pp. 206. Amer- ican Book Co. 60 cts. Stories of Great Artists. By Olive Browne Horne and Kathrine Lois Scobey. Illus., 12mo, pp. 157. American Book Co. 40 cts. Language Lessons from Literature, Book I. By Alice Woodworth Cooley, assisted by W. F. Webster. Illus., 12mo, pp. 200. Houghton, Miffin & Co. 45 cts. The Baldwin Speller. By S. R. Shear, assisted by Mar. garet T. Lynch. 12mo, pp. 128. American Book Co. 20 cts, MISCELLANEOUS. The Mental Traits of Sex: An Experimental Investigation of the Normal Mind in Men and Women. By Helen Brad- ford Thompson, Ph.D. 12mo, pp. 188. University of Chicago Press. $1.25 net. The Women of the Middle Kingdom. By R. L. Mc- Nabb, A.M. Illus., 12mo, pp. 160. Jennings & Pye. 75 cts. net. : 1903.) 133 THE DIAL . sent post free on application. Books bought. WALTER T. First Editions of American Authors MANUSCRIPTS, Criticised, Revised, and Prepared FOREIGN BOOKS. FULL LINE OF TEXT BOOKS FOR for press. By Charles Welsh. 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Tbere bave been two editions printed ; one of 300 copies on band-made paper at $15.00 net each, and anotber of 35 copies on Imperial Japan Vellum at $25.00 net each. Each copy is numbered and signed. Copies of the small number that still remains unsubscribed for may be ob- tained on order from MR. RICHARD LE GALLIENNE, care of SCOTT-THAW CO. 542 Fifth Avenue, NEW YORK As the issue is a distinctly private issue, no copies will be sent for review. : : : 134 (Sept. 1, THE DIAL Record-Breaking Run Of the “Lowe Special” on the Santa Fe. 26 Days, Chicago to California 2,265 miles in exactly 52 hours and 49 minutes. Left Chicago 10:17. A. M., August 5--arrived Los Angeles, 1:06 P. M., August 7-average speed nearly 43 miles an hour, notwithstanding four mountain ranges crossed. Establishes new long-distance record for American railways. Only possible because of superior track and equipment. That's the kind of road to travel on! For book about California trip, address Gen. Pass. 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Some thirty genial satires on such topics of general in- terest as The New Man, The New Child, One's Relatives, Servants, Ignorance is Bliss, Should Women Propose ? Should Men Marry ? Love and Forty, Nervous Prostration, Original Sin, etc. It is our purpose to publish many novels for the coming season. Manuscripts sent now will have prompt attention. If your story for any reason fails to meet the standards of our readers we will tell you why it has failed, and give you any other aid we can. 362 PP. The Lucas-Lincoln Co., Ferns A Manual for the Northeastern States. By C. E. WATERS, Ph.D. (Johns Hopkins). With an Analytical Key based on the Stalks. WITH OVER 200 ILLUSTRATIONS FROM ORIGINAL DRAWINGS AND PHOTOGRAPHS. Square 8vo. A popular but thoroughly scientific book. The Plant World says: “It is likely to prove the leading popular work on ferns . . . it can be confidently asserted that no finer examples of fern photography have ever been produced." Book MS. Dept. Washington, D. C. 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Three whimsical automobile stories, the "Americans Abroad " series, "The Man of Putty," "The Men Who Swapped Languages,” “Veritable Quidors," etc., etc. “ It is worthy of Frank Stockton,” says the New York Times Saturday Review of one of these stories. The remainder of the review cordially recommends the book. “He is unaffectedly funny, and entertains us from beginning to end."-New York Tribune. OUR stock of books covering all classes of literature suitable for the general or special reader and student, as well as the private (free), public, school and col- lege library, is larger and more general than that of any other house in the United States. Correspondence and inspection invited. Send for our latest “Illustrated Catalogue of Standard and Holiday Books,” listing about 21,000 titles. 9th Impression. The Lightning Conductor By C. N. and A. M. WILLIAMSON. 12mo. $1.50. An Anglo-American love story, with vivid scenes in Provence, Spain, and Italy. "Such delightful people and such delightful scenes."--Nation. 3d Impression. Red-Headed Gill By Rye OWEN. $1.50. A Cornish romance, in which a weird East Indian in- fluence figures. "A novel of marked power, great originality, and intense inter- est."-Buffalo Commercial. LIBRARY DEPARTMENT A. C. McCLURG & CO. CHICAGO Henry Holt and Company 29 West 23d Street, New YORK 136 (Sept. 1, 1903. THE DIAL SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT To be published in October Father Louis Hennepin's “A NEW DISCOVERY” Exact Reprint of Second Issue of 1698 WITH INTRODUCTION, NOTES, AND AN ANALYTICAL INDEX By Reuben Gold Thwaites In Two Volumes, with fac-similes of original title-pages, maps, and other illustrations IT T is believed that A New Discovery — especially the second issue of 1698, which has been chosen for reproduction - is the most representative of Hennepin's works. It is a thoroughly readable volume, abounding in quaintly-phrased humor, satire, invective, and graphic description ; adventures are related in almost every chapter; and through it all the man himself, a sorry braggart, yet never lacking courage, and possessing powers of keen observation, stands out in bold relief. As a human document, it has few rivals in our litera- ture, Moreover, it is the only one of the Hennepin books now upon the market; Shea's Louisiane has for twenty years been out of print, and all of the original editions are rare and costly luxuries. The work of editing this careful reprint has been undertaken by Reuben Gold Thwaites, who, in addition to supervising the publication in every detail, furnishes a bio- graphical and critical Introduction of some 9000 words, copious Notes, and an analytical Index. Mr. Thwaites's eminence as an authority on all matters connected with the his- tory of the West, and his well known standing as an editor, will be sufficient assurance of the manner in which the enterprise will be carried out. Victor Hugo Paltsits, of Lenox Library, New York - one of the most expert of American bibliographers — contributes a new Bibliography of Hennepin. There seems no doubt, then, that this beautiful, well-appointed, and well-edited edition of A New Discovery will at once be accepted as an interesting and very valuable addition to American historical sources and will meet with the large sale which its merits so richly deserve. The reprint will be issued in two square octavo volumes of nearly 500 pages each. The type used will be a large, clear face of pica old style, admirably adapted to the character of the work. Fac-similes of the title-pages of the original edition will be given, together with fac-similes of the seven full page illustrations and the two large folding maps. There will be two editions: one in regular library style, on an extra quality of soft laid paper, gilt top, with uncut edges; and a special large-paper edition, limited to 150 numbered copies on the finest quality of Brown's hand-made paper. - Regular library edition, two volumes, in box, price $6.00 net. Limited large-paper edition, two volumes, in box, $18.00 net. A. C. MCCLURG & CO., PUBLISHERS, CHICAGO THE DIAL PRESS, FINE ARTS BLDG., CHICAGO. FALL ANNOUNCEMENT NUMBER THE DIAL A SEMI- MONTHLY FOURNAL OF Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. BY FRAMEDSTE DR ROWNER} Volume XXXV. No. 414. CHICAGO, SEPT. 16, 1903. 10 cts. a copy. | FINE ARTS BUILDING. 203 Michigan Blvd. $2. a year. CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS EARLY AUTUMN PUBLICATIONS First edition, 30,000 By JOHN FOX Second edition, 20,000 The Little Shepherd of Kingdom Come THE great success predicted for this novel before publication has already been assured. “ It is potent with the wine of life,” exclaims World's Work. « Seldom does one meet to-day so fresh and so moving a story, with so entertaining a mixture of traditional Southern refinements and the picturesque crudities of mountain life, the fire and dash of war, and the softer play of social motives and love.” Beautifully illustrated by F. C. Yohn. $1.50 A Doctor of Philosophy The Blood Lilies By W. A. FRASER The scene of this novel is Canada, beyond Win- nipeg. It is dramatic, pathetic, and romantic to a remarkable degree. Illustrated, $1.50 By CYRUS TOWNSEND BRADY A novel marking a new departure in Mr. Brady's Philadelphia is the scene, the period to-day. art. $1.50 READY OCTOBER 3 By F. HOPKINSON SMITH A wholly new story, entitled Colonel Carter's Christmas A under the most fortunate circumstances in this story, which is an entirely new one, not heretofore pub- lished, even serially ; while those who know him of old, and of course love him, will find here, in addition to the renewal of an old and delightful friendship, quite a new revelation of a character that has made a deep and lasting impression. All the old characters are met again : Chad, the Colonel's servant, Aunt Nancy, Fitz, Klutchem, and the Major, together with two new ones. In the old story the Colonel triumphed financially ; in this one the issue hangs upon sheer courtesy and nobility of heart. With 8 full-page illustrations in color by F. C. Yohn. $1.50 . CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK 138 (Sept. 16, THE DIAL EARLY AUTUMN SCRIBNER BOOKS The Daughter of a Magnate 1 By FRANK H. SPEARMAN Illustrated Author of “Doctor Bryson” 12mo, $1.50 THE HE romance of that greatest of American “interests,” the railway, has never been depicted with the expertness, sympathy and systematic elaborateness that distinguish Mr. Spearman's new book the successor of his powerful and vivid “Doctor Bryson.” The atmosphere of “railroading,” and that on the largest and most impressive scale, permeates the story, which is not only extremely graphic, and illustrative of the perils and difficulties as well as the feats and accomplishments of railroad life, but also a love story of peculiar force and great beauty. The hero and heroine are typically American and attracted to each other by a natural attach- ment that is called upon to overcome the greatest of obstacles. The Vagabond By FREDERICK PALMER A vigorous, absorbing story by a man distinguished as a correspondent, and known to many by his volume of stories, “Ways of the Service." Illustrated by Harrison Fisher. $1.50 Odd Craft By W. W. JACOBS A new book of stories in the author's own field, depicting the sailorman ashore, with a wealth of gen- uine humor. Illustrated, $1.50 THE GIBSON BOOK FOR 1903 Late in October we shall publish The Weaker Sex By Charles Dana Gibson BY RICHARD HARDING DAVIS By HENRY VAN DYKE An elaborate new edition of Little Rivers This classic of the woods and streams is now pro- duced uniform with “The Ruling Passion” and “ The Blue Flower." Color drawings by Du Mond. $1.50 An exquisite edition of The Bar Sinister This inimitable dog story, standing alone in its class, is here given a beautiful and adequate presentation. Color drawings by Ashe. $1.50 a NOTE: Edith Wharton's distinguished new novel, SANCTUARY, will appear abo November ist. CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK 1903.) 189 THE DIAL EARLY AUTUMN SCRIBNER BOOKS A WORK OF GREAT IMPORTANCE Reminiscences of the Civil War By General JOHN B. GORDON With three portraits, large 8vo. $3.00 net (postage additional) THE HESE reminiscences, which are destined to take the place on the Southern side held by General Grant's “ Memoirs" on the Northern side, were written by General Gordon from time to time throughout a great number of years. They are not, therefore, a made-to- order book, but the spontaneous recollections of a very full life. From Bull Run to Appo- mattox General Gordon was in most of the great fights of General Lee's army. He knew the leaders of the Confederacy intimately, and his acquaintance was enlarged during his career as a United States Senator by intimate association with leaders of the Union cause. He was the friend of General Grant to the end of his life. This is not a narrative history of the war, but records, with anecdote, incident, and with eloquence, the personal experiences of General Gordon and the eminent leaders who were his friends. No other such intimately personal record has been produced by either side. Every chapter contains humorous incidents, and even pathetic ones, which will pass into the permanent history of the war. The Development of the Drama a Vacation Days in Greece By Rufus B. RICHARDSON Of the American Archäological School at Athens Fully illustrated Svo, $2.00 net (postage 20 cents) PROFESSOR Rufus B. Richardson, during a resi- dence of eleven years in Greece as head of the Amer- ican Archæological School in Athens, has had an unex- celled opportunity to visit many parts of Greece less frequently visited by the tourist, but most picturesque and interesting. He describes his excursions into these regions in a series of sketches of great informal charm, told from the picturesque rather than from the archæo- logical and scholarly point of view, although the two are so judiciously combined that the book will be indis- pensable both to the student and to the general traveller in Greece. By BrandeR MATTHEWS Uniform with the author's former volumes 12mo, $1.25 net (postage II cents) An entirely new volume and one of very wide interest in a field which the author has made peculiarly his own. CONTENTS: The Art of the Dramatist Greek Tragedy Greek and Roman Comedy Mediæval Drama The Drama in Spain The Drama in England The Drama in France The Drama in the Eighteenth Century The Drama in the Nineteenth Century The Future of the Drama AN ANNOUNCEMENT OF GREAT INTEREST Autobiography of Seventy Years By Senator GEORGE F. HOAR Two volumes, large 8vo, with portrait. $7.50 net (postage additional) NOT only for its political importance, but for the unusual personal , social and literary interest of the remi- niscences it brings together, Senator Hoar’s autobiography will be the most notable contribution of the year to memoir-literature. It would be impossible to find another man in the country who has known more of the important men and measures of his time than Mr. Hoar; and the charm and piquancy of his style, with its range, from the eloquent discussion of his political principles to the humor of his anecdotes, are as remark- able as his experiences. The book is refreshingly frank and full of character and individuality -- a record of opinions as well as events. CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK 140 (Sept. 16, THE DIAL Some of Little, Brown & Co.'s Fall Books A remarkable case of the deaf-dumb-blind. Laura Bridgman Dr. Howe's Famous Pupil, and What He Taught Her. By Maud HowE and FLORENCE Howe HALL. Illustrated, crown 8vo, $1.50 net. Tales which suggest Tolstoi at his best. The Golden Windows A Book of Fables for Old and Young. By LAURA E. RICHARDS, author of “Captain January,” etc. Illustrated and decorated, 12mo, $1.50. The domestic lives of popular American stage favorites pictorially presented. 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Ballads of New England History By EDWARD EVERETT HALE, and Others. Illustrated, small 8vo, $2.00 net. A fresh story of country and city life. A Daughter of the Rich By M. E. WALLER, author of “The Little Citizen," etc. Illustrated, 12mo, $1.50. Standard American editions of the works of favorite French and English authors, at popular prices. Handy Library Sets of Standard Novelists ALEXANDRE DUMAS, 48 vols.; JANE AUSTEN, 6 vols.; ALPHONSE DAUDET, 16 vols.; VICTOR HUGO, 14 vols.; BULWER-LYTTON, 30 vols.; GEORGE ELIOT, 10 vols.; 12mo, illustrated, decorated cloth, $1.00 per vol. A few of our popular juveniles Brenda's Bargain. By HELEN LEAH REED. Illus- The Giant's Ruby and other Fairy Tales. By MABEL trated, 12mo, $1.20 net. FULLER BLODGETT. Illustrated, $1.25 net. Ursula's Freshman. By ANNA CHAPIN RAY. Illus- Robin Hood: His Book. By Eva MARCH TAP- trated, 12mo, $1.20 net. PAN. Illustrated in color, 12mo, $1.50 net. Camp Fidelity Girls. By ANNIE HAMILTON DON- Jane and John. By ELIZABETH POLHEMUS. Illus- NELL. Illustrated, 12mo, $1.20 net. trated in color, $1.50 net. Elizabeth's Charm String. By CORA B. FORBES. Jack, the Fire Dog. By LILY F. WESSELHOEFT. Illustrated, 12mo, $1.20 net. Illustrated, 12mo, $1.00 net. Jo's Boys. By Miss Alcott. New edition, with 10 Blake Redding. A Boy of Today. By NATHALIE full-page plates by Ellen Wetherald Ahrens. Crown RIVE CLARK. Illustrated, 12mo, $1.00 net. 8vo, $2.00. SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED FALL ANNOUNCEMENTS LITTLE, BROWN & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS 254 WASHINGTON STREET, BOSTON, MASS. 1903.) 141 THE DIAL A. C. McCLURG & CO.'S FALL BOOKS-1903 THE CASTLE OF TWILIGHT By MARGARET Horton POTTER. With six full-page illustrations in color by Charlotte Weber. $1.50. For some time Miss Potter has had in mind a book which would give, in some measure, an idea of the conditions under which women lived in the days of feudalism. It is difficult for a modern mind to realize the loneliness and monotony that were bravely faced by the chatelaines of isolated castles when their husbands and sons departed to battle or to the court. Just what this meant to them is brought out with notable art by Miss Potter in her new romance. Her story of the life of three brave and beautiful women at the Breton castle will reach the sympathy of the reader in a way that can be equalled by few recent novels. The pictures in color by Charlotte Weber are equally notable for their sympathy with the text and their rare artistic quality. A consistent decor- ative treatment has been utilized in the type and binding, and altogether the book is one of remark- able distinction and most exceptional interest. (Ready September 26.) THE SCARLET BANNER By Felix Dahn. Translated from the German by Mary J. Safford. 12mo, $1.50. This story, published in Germany under the title of “Gelimer,” is the third volume in the group of romances to which “Felicitas” and “A Captive of the Roman Eagles" belong, and, like them, deals with the long-continued conflict between the Germans and the Romans. But in the present novel the scene of the struggle is transferred from the forests of Germania to the arid sands of Africa, and, in wonderfully vivid pen-pictures, the author displays the marvellous magnificence surrounding the descendants of the Vandal Genseric, the superb pageants of their festivals, and the luxury, whose enervating influence has gradually sapped the strength and courage of the rude, invincible warriors — once the terror of all the neighboring coasts and islands — till their enfeebled limbs can no longer support the weight of their ancestors' armor, and they cast aside their helmets to crown themselves with the rose-garlands of Roman revellers. Miss Safford, to whom the translation has been intrusted, is well known for her English versions of George Ebers's novels. (Ready October 14.) > RAIDING WITH MORGAN By BYRON A. DUNN. With ten full-page illustrations. $1.25. This is a new volume in Mr. Dunn's famous “ Young Kentuckians Series,” and has the same excitement and dash that have made the others popular. Unlike them, this story is told from the Southern standpoint. (Ready September 30.) MARRIAGE IN EPIGRAM Compiled by FREDERICK W. MORTON. 18mo, net 80 cents ; delivered, 85 cents. This is the fourth and last volume of the famous “Epigram Series.” Mr. Morton has shown, by the use of aphorisms and sayings collected from the wits of all ages, that marriage is what he calls “the world's greatest paradox — the survival of paradise or a foretaste of purgatory.” Whatever one's ideas may be on the subject, he is sure to find many a sympathetic touch in this delightful little collection. (Ready September 23.) A. C. MCCLURG & CO. :: PUBLISHERS CHICAGO 142 [Sept. 16, THE DIAL MCCLURG'S FALL BOOKS-1903 A NOTABLE CONTRIBUTION TO AMERICANA. HENNEPIN'S “A NEW DISCOVERY” Edited by Reuben Gold THWAITES. An Exact Reprint of the Edition of 1698. With introduction, notes, and an analytical index by Mr. Thwaites. In two vol- umes, with facsimiles of original title-pages, maps, and illustrations. Library edition, square 8vo, in box, net $6.00; delivered, $6.35. Large-paper edition (limited), on , Brown's band-made paper, 7%2 x 10 inches, in box, net $18.00. Every collection of Americana should contain at least one of Father Hennepin's famous books. It is believed that “A New Discovery”— especially the second issue of 1698, which has been chosen for reproduction is the most representative and readable product of his pen. Moreover, it is the — only one of the Hennepin books now upon the market. There seems to be no doubt that this beautiful, well appointed, and well-edited edition of “Nouvelle Découverte " will at once be accepted as an interesting and valuable addition to American historical sources. (Ready October 3.) Note: This reprint is uniform with McClurg's edition of “Lewis and Clark.” HOW GEORGE ROGERS CLARK WON THE NORTHWEST And Other Essays in Western History By Reuben Gold THWAITES. Illustrated. 12mo, net $1.20; delivered, $1.31. His extended researches and his natural sympathy with the subject, have brought Mr. Thwaites to a first place among historians of the West. The several authoritative volumes that he has already published are recognized as standard, but in this book he has relaxed somewhat into a more popular vein. The majority of the eight papers contained in the volume were first delivered as lectures and were later accorded magazine publication. For the present publication they have been radically revised and brought down to date, and comprise an exceptionally interesting collection of papers covering a wide range of topics under the one general head. (Ready October 3.) ON THE STORIED OHIO By REUBEN GOLD THWAITES. New edition, with twelve full-page illustrations. 12mo, net $1.20; delivered, $1.31. This trip was undertaken by Mr. Thwaites some years ago, with the idea of gathering local color for his studies of Western history. The Ohio River was an important factor in the development of the West. He therefore wished to know intimately the great waterway in its various phases, and there seemed no better way than to make the pilgrimage as nearly as possible in the manner of the pioneer canoeist or fat-boatman himself. The voyage is described with much charm and humor, and with a constant realization of the historic traditions on every side. (Ready October 3.) Note: The last two books are uniform with Mr. Thwaites's “ Down Historic Waterways." A SHORT HISTORY OF MEXICO By ARTHUR HOWARD Noll. New revised edition, with new matter. істо, net 75 cents ; delivered, 84 cents. The first edition of Dr. Noll's admirable little book was prompted by the lack of any compre- hensive history of Mexico in the English language. General histories pass over the three centuries of Spanish rule, the long struggle for independence, the establishment of the short-lived empire, fol wed by a nominal republic and the rise and fall of the second empire, as subjects of but little interest, and without giving accurate information regarding them. Dr. Noll's book was the first to thoroughly supply this need, and after ten years it is still alone in the field. This new edition has been thoroughly revised and brought down to date. (Ready October 10.) A. C. MCCLURG & CO. :: PUBLISHERS :: CHICAGO 1908.] 143 THE DIAL MCCLURG'S FALL BOOKS-1903 TALKS OF NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA With GENERAL BARON GOURGAUD. Translated from the French by ELIZABETH WORMELEY LATIMER. With eight portraits. 8vo, net $1.50; delivered, $1.64. These intimate conversations of Napoleon with his faithful friend have long been standard in French, but this is the first English translation ever published. As the talks deal with the mon. archs, generals, and politicians of his time, the work is of extraordinary historical value. Lord Rosebery, in “Napoleon - The Last Phase,” says of Gourgaud's Journal: “In some respects not merely the most remarkable book relating to Napoleon at St. Helena, but to Napoleon at any time. We feel a conviction that this book is more nearly the unvarnished truth than anything else that has been put forth.” In a later chapter he calls it “ the one capital and supreme record of life at St. Helena.” (Ready September 30.). > FAMOUS ASSASSINATIONS OF HISTORY By FRANCIS JOHNSON. With 31 portraits. 8vo, net $1.50; delivered, $1.64. The thirty assassinations so famous in history, which are narrated in this volume, have never before had their stories told in a collected form in any language. They embrace a period of nearly twenty- five centuries, from Philip of Macedon to the late episode in Servia. Only those assassinations have been included which either had an important and political bearing on the world, or on the nation immediately affected, or which left a profound and, it would seem, indelible impression on the im- agination of contemporaries and posterity. It has been the object of the writer to make each of these “famous assassinations” the central scene of a picture, in which the political, religious, or national features of the epoch are portrayed. (Ready September 19.) - A HANDBOOK OF MODERN JAPAN By Ernest W. CLEMENT. Illustrated. 8vo, net $1.40; delivered, $1.53. Mr. Clement writes of modern Japan - the Japan which has within a few years become a world power. There is nothing in history more remarkable than the rapid development of civilization in this wonderful country, and this handbook gives exactly the information that is wanted by travellers or students. Mr. Clement has devoted his life to a close study of Japanese life and affairs, and knows his subject from every point of view. Out of his wide knowledge he has written this book - a practical reference work in every sense. There are over sixty illustrations from photographs, in- cluding portraits of statesmen, views of public buildings, and of various aspects of Japanese life. The usefulness of the work is increased by an elaborate and comprehensive map made especially for the volume, from the latest data obtainable. (Ready October 10.) - FROM EMPIRE TO REPUBLIC By Arthur HOWARD Noll. With map and frontispiece. Svo, net $1.40; delivered, $1.54. The scope of Dr. Noll's earlier volume naturally precluded a very detailed discussion of any one period in Mexican history. No succession of events, however, has had a more important effect on , the development of the country than those concerned with the struggle for Constitutional Govern- ment, and the story of the change from Empire to Republic is quite worthy of a volume by itself. Dr. Noll has drawn upon his years of study of the subject to give a detailed and accurate account of this vital phase. (Ready October 10.) A. C. MCCLURG & CO. :: PUBLISHERS :: CHICAGO 144 (Sept. 16, THE DIAL MCCLURG’S FALL BOOKS-1903 2 « THE BEST OF POE” THE BEST TALES OF EDGAR ALLAN POE Edited by Sherwin Cody. With a series of Critical Introductions. With photo- gravure portrait. 18mo, net $1.00; delivered, $1.08. THE BEST ESSAYS AND POEMS OF EDGAR ALLAN POE Edited by Sherwin Cody. With a Biographical and Critical Study of English Prose Style. With photogravure frontispiece from a new photograph of the Zolnay Bust. 18mo, net $1.00; delivered, $1.08. The publishers believe that these volumes, especially the second one, offer the most original and striking study of Poe's art and personality ever printed. Even old students of Poe will be surprised to find in the new arrangement of Poe's criticism a detailed analysis of the general principles of novel writing and short-story writing, as well as the better known essays on poetry and examples of criticism of poetry, with his many pithy remarks on life and literature gathered from his journalistic book reviews. Mr. Cody has introduced a new method of editing in his “World's Greatest Short Stories” and “Best English Essays”-a method in which the editor contributes, in condensed form, as much critical originality as is usually expected from the author of a volume of original essays. The success of the earlier volumes gives assurance that his presentation of Poe will meet with general approbation. (Ready October 7.) BIRDS OF CALIFORNIA An Introduction to the Three Hundred Most Common Birds of the State and Adjacent Islands. By IRENE GROSVENOR WHEELOCK. With 8 full-page plates and about 75 illus- trations in the text by Bruce Horsfall. 8vo, net $2.00; postage extra. Student's edition, flexible binding, net $1.50; postage extra. In this excellent volume Mrs. Wheelock, whose “Nestlings of Forest and Marsh" will be remem- bered, has prepared a complete survey of the Birds of California. She has covered thoroughly over three hundred species in a detailed and practical manner, rather than in a so-called popular style. At the same time it is not too technical to be quite as useful to the unscientific bird observer as to the scientific student. Separate space is devoted to each species, in which is given the author's personal observations of nesting habits, characteristics, and other details of equal interest and pertinency. Mr. Horsfall's pictures show a rare combination of absolute technical accuracy with the highest artistic merit. A special feature is the pocket edition with limp covers and narrow margins — a volume that the tourist, hunter, or trapper can conveniently carry with him. (Ready in November.) THE SPINNER FAMILY By ALICE JEAN PATTERSON. With frontispiece in color and other illustrations by Bruce Horsfall. 12mo, net $1.00; delivered, $1.07. Young people are especially attracted to the living things about them, and the spiders are always a peculiarly fascinating subject of their observation. They are a most interesting family of insects, and their ingenuity and patience are astonishing. One is amazed by their skill and craftsmanship. Miss Patterson has given the spiders very careful and painstaking study, and has written a distinct, simple, and attractive account, which makes an apparently complex and grewsome subject both entertaining and instructive. (Ready September 12.) A. C. MCCLURG & CO. :: PUBLISHERS :: CHICAGO 1903.) 145 THE DIAL MCCLURG’S FALL BOOKS-1903 > THE STAR FAIRIES And Other Tales By Edith OGDEN HARRISON. With six illustrations in color by Lucy Fitch Perkins. Net $1.25; delivered, $1.45. “ Prince Silverwings,” Mrs. Harrison's first book, was one of the most popular and successful books for children published last Fall. This new collection of fairy tales is similar in character and . appearance, except that the stories are, if anything, more delightful, and there are more pictures than in “ Silverwings.” The greatest charm of Mrs. Harrison's stories is found in the way they are told. They are meant to interest younger children, and are written with that idea in mind, in simple, direct language. Mrs. Perkins's pictures are very happy in conception. (Ready October 17.) A PORTFOLIO OF SKETCHES By Hazel MARTYN. Net $5.00; delivered, $5.50. Miss Martyn's first exhibition of drawings in Chicago, last Spring, created an unusual stir in artistic circles, as the knowledge of her decided talent was confined almost entirely to her intimate friends. But her charming collection of sketches in red chalk and charcoal delighted the most exacting critics and entirely captured the public. The portraits of women were particularly commended for their charm and delicacy, as well as for the undeniably dashing style in which they were handled. The interest in Miss Martyn's work has been so active that this portfolio containing ten of her delightful drawings of girls' heads will undoubtedly be eagerly welcomed. (Ready in November.) SONGS FROM THE HEARTS OF WOMEN One Hundred Famous Hymns and Their Writers By Nicholas SMITH. Net $1.40; delivered, $1.50. No more appropriate subject for a gift book could be imagined than the stories of some of the most soul-stirring hymns of the Christian religion, those that have become endeared through long associa- tion. Especially is it true that the language of woman's soul has given the church its tenderest and most beautiful songs. Mr. Smith feels that from the hearts of women alone have come truly deli- cate thought, tenderness of tone, and deeply religious sentiment. (Ready September 23.) GLIMPSES OF TRUTH By Rt. Rev. J. L. SPALDING. With new portrait. Net 80 cents ; delivered, 88 cents. Few can equal Bishop Spalding in the creation of helpful every-day philosophy, and its best expres- sion is found in a book of this kind — made up of short paragraphs in the same style as his “ Aphor- - isms and Reflections” of two years ago. These new aphorisms represent the Bishop's theories as to the conduct of life, written with simplicity of language and convincing sincerity. (Ready November.) AN INDEX TO POETRY AND RECITATIONS A Practical Reference Manual for the Librarian, Teacher, Elocutionist, etc. Compiled by Edith GRANGER. Three-quarters leather, thumb index, net $5.00; delivered, $5.33. This is one of the most practical and comprehensive reference books ever published. The original plan of the volume has been enlarged, and the work will index considerably over three hundred standard and popular collections of poetry and recitations, including dialogues, orations, drills, etc., comprising nearly thirty thousand titles arranged alphabetically under three heads — titles, authors, and first lines. The title index, being the one most referred to, will be furnished with a thumb index. An appendix will contain lists of titles suitable for special occasions, such as Arbor Day, Washington's Birthday, etc.; also lists of drills, tableaux, and pantomimes. (Ready in November.) > A. C. MCCLURG & CO. :: PUBLISHERS :: CHICAGO 146 (Sept. 16, THE DIAL Important Fall Books of LEADING AUTUMN NOVELS ܙ The Sherrods The Brazen Calf By George Barr McCutcheon, author of By James L. Ford, author of " The Literary ** Graustark" and "Castle Craneycrow." Shop,” “Hypnotic Tales,” etc. The strongest story ever written by this A very amusing satire on the worship, popular author. Strikingly illustrated, by creation, and maintenance of the 6 Four C. D. Williams. Hundred.” 12mo, cloth, $1.50 Illustrated by Glackens. 12mo, cloth, $1.25 “ Young An April Princess Barbe of Grand Bayou By Constance Smedley. “ Full of the cham- pagne of youth. Engaging, vivacious, a By John Oxenham, author of “ Flowers of book to drive away the blues." Dust,” “God's Prisoner," etc. 12mo, cloth, $1.50 A story of unusual power. Full of the salt and strength of the sea. Illustrated. 12mo, cloth, $1.50 The Path of Stars By Margaret Crosby Munn, author of “A Violin Obligato." The Black Shilling A musical novel of great strength. By Amelia E. Barr, author of “ The Bow 12mo, cloth, $1.50 of Orange Ribbon," " The Maid of Maiden Lane," etc. Honor D'Everel A delightful tale of Old Boston town. By Barbara Yechton, author of Illustrated. 12mo, cloth, $1.50 Mrs. Teddy," " We Ten," etc. A charming and well-told story. Tea-Table Talks Illustrated. 12mo, cloth, $1.50 By Jerome K. Jerome, author of “ The Second Thoughts of an Idle Fellow," " Paul Kel- Katharine Frensham ver," eto. By Beatrice Harraden, author of “Ships Second Thoughts of an Idle Fellow.” A collection of humorous essays like “ The that Pass in the Night," etc. A powerful love-story. Liberally illustrated. 12mo, cloth, $1.00 12mo, cloth, $1.50 In Old Plantation Days The Golden Fetich By Paul Laurence Dunbar, author of "Folks By Eden Phillpotts, author of “Children of from Dixie," “ Candle-Lightin' Time,” etc. the Mist, “ The River," etc. The best work in prose that Dunbar has Full of plot and thrilling adventure. ever done. Illustrated. 12mo, cloth, $1.50 Illustrated. 12mo, cloth, probably, $1.50 " > Dodd, Mead & Co., Publishers 1903.] 147 THE DIAL Dodd, Mead and Company HOLIDAY GIFT BOOKS . 66 . net A Checked Love Affair By Paul Leicester Ford, author of " Wanted, a Chaperon,” “Wanted, a Matchmaker.” Illustrations in photogravure by Harrison Fisher. 8vo, cloth $2.00 In Arcady By Hamilton Wright Mabie, author of "Under the Trees,” etc. Full-page illustra- tions by Will Low, decorations in color by Charles L. Hinton. 8vo, cloth net 1.80 When Malindy Sings By Paul Laurence Dunbar, author of "Candle-Lightin' Time," "Lyrics of Lowly Life,” etc. With illustrations by the Hampton Institute Camera Club. 8vo, cloth . net 1.50 Red-Head By John Uri Lloyd, author of "Stringtown on the Pike," “ Etidorhpa,” etc. With numerous illustrations and decorations by Reginald Birch. 8vo, cloth net 1.60 The Bending of the Twig By Walter Russell, author of “The Sea Children,” and famous as a painter of chil- dren's portraits. 8vo, cloth, with full-page illustrations and text cuts 2.00 Historic Buildings Described by Great Writers and Travellers, and profusely illustrated. Edited by Esther Singleton, author of “Great Pictures,” etc. 8vo, cloth, illustrated net 1.60 The Oriental Rug With a chapter on Oriental Carpets, Saddle-bags, and Pillows. By W. D. Ellwanger. With many illustrations in color and in black and white. Indispensable to every buyer of rugs. 8vo, cloth net 2.50 Homes and Their Decoration By Lillie Hamilton French. With over 100 illustrations by Katharine C. Budd, and numerous photographs. A thoroughly practical book. 8vo, cloth. Probably, net 3.00 In the Palaces of the Sultan By Anna Bowman Dodd, author of “Cathedral Days," " Three Normandy Inns," etc. Large 8vo, with numerous illustrations in half-tone and photogravure, sumptuously printed 4.00 Outlines of the History of Art By Wilhelm Lübke, author of “ History of Architecture.” Edited, revised, and much enlarged by Russell Sturgis. Translated from the latest German editions. Illustrated, 2 vols., large 8vo, cloth . Probably, net 10.00 This book is of such importance that the publishers have retranslated the last German edition and, at great expense, entirely reset the book, adding to it many illustrations. Nearly 1000 text pictures, over 100 full-page illustrations, and several full-pages in color. . net . . . . 372 Fifth Avenue, New York 148 [Sept. 16, THE DIAL THE SILVER POPPY ANTHONY WAYNE, Sometimes called “Mad Anthony” By JOHN R. SPEARS By ARTHUR STRINGER “The 'Silver Poppy' nears the greatest eminence of the modern psy- chological novel and proclaims its author a master of insight and poetic expression." -The New York American. CENTRAL EUROPE By JOSEPH PARTSCH, Ph.D. A new volume in Appletons' World Series. Edited by H. J. Mackinder. “Dr. Partsch has succeeded in furnishing an unerring account of the movements of the races of Cen- tral Europe during the last twenty centuries.''-London Chronicle. A new volume in the Historic Lives Series. Illustrated. 12 mo. Cloth, $1.00 Net 12mo. Cloth, $1.50 8vo. Cloth, $2.00 Net THE CAREER TRIUMPHANT By HENRY B. BOONE MORE LETTERS OF CHARLES DARWIN AMERICAN RAILWAY TRANSPORTATION Edited by FRANCIS DARWIN Joint author of "Eastover Courthouse" and "The Redfields Succession." Two vols., 500 pages each. Eight photogravures and eight half-tones. A charming novel of the social life of the present-day Virginia. By EMORY R. JOHNSON, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Transportation and Commerce in the University of Pennsylvania. Cloth, gilt top, deckle edges, boxed, $3.00 Net 12mo. Cloth, $1.50 A new volume in Appletons' Busi- ness Series. Illustrated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50 Net THE CAPTAIN'S TOLL-GATE By FRANK R. STOCKTON Completed by him during the year before his death. With a Memoir by Mrs. Stockton, an Etched Portrait, Views of Mr. Stockton's homes, and a Bibliography. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50 PERSONAL REMINISCEN- CES OF PRINCE BISMARCK By SIDNEY WHITMAN Author of “Imperial Germany," etc. With portraits. Large 12mo. Cloth, gilt top, uncut, $1.60 Net. Postage 16 cents additional. à STEPS IN THE EXPAN- SION OF OUR TER- RITORY By OSCAR P. AUSTIN, Chief of the Bureau of Statistics, Washington. 1 'TWIXT GOD AND MAMMON By WILLIAM EDWARDS TIREBUCK With a memoir of the author by Hall Caine. “The pastoral scenes are according to my judgment among the most exquisite pictures of rural life to be found in the whole range of modern fiction."-HALL CAINE. 12 mo. Cloth, $1.50 A new volume in the Expansion of the Republic Series. Numerous maps. (Ready in October.) PHOENIXIANA, OR SKETCHES AND BURLESQUES By JOHN PHENIX A new edition. Illustrated by E. W. Kemble with fifteen full-page plates and twenty-five cuts in the text, and with an introduction by John Kendrick Bangs. 12mo. Cloth, $2.00 12mo. Cloth, $1.25 Net PRACTICAL JOUR- NALISM THE CLOSE OF THE DAY A Complete Manual of the Best Newspaper Methods By FRANK H. SPEARMAN LOVE LETTERS OF MARGARET FULLER An ble and entertaining story of the stage. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25 By EDWIN L. SHUMAN 1845-1846 With an introduction by JULIA WARD HOWE. To which are added the reminiscenses of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Horace Greeley, and Charles T. Congdon. 12mo. Cloth, gilt top, uncut, $1.33 Net Author of "Steps into Journalism." Illustrated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25 Net D. APPLETON & COMPANY, Publishers, New York 1903.] 149 THE DIAL PLACE AND POWER A Novel, by Ellen Thorneycroft Fowler, author of “Concerning Isabel Carnaby,” “The Farring- dons," etc. Illustrated, 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. The brilliant success of “Concerning Isabel Carnaby" is repeated in this novel by an author whose works have met with deserved popularity. It is the story of an excessively ambitious man whose most cher- ished aims are frustrated through retributive justice. The story is full of interest and attractive char- acterization developing with natural force. 2 THE LAW OF LIFE By Anna McClure Sholl. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. “The writer unfolds an everyday tragedy with that touch of inevitableness that we usually associate with the work of the masters."- New York Evening Telegram. LUCRETIA BORGIA By Ferdinand Gregorovius. Translated by J. L. Garner. Illustrated, 8vo. (Ready in October.) This is the first translation from the German, and furnishes a vast amount of information regarding the most remarkable woman of her time. ADMIRAL PORTER By James Russell Soley. A New Volume in the Great Commanders Series. Edited by General James Grant Wilson. Portrait. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50 net. Few men in our recent naval annals have stood in greater need than Admiral Porter of adequate treatment in a popular book. Mr. Soley's knowledge is ample; much of it having been gained while he was Assistant Secretary of the Navy. This new volume is sure to reward the patience of those who have been waiting for it. A HISTORY OF AMERICAN LITERATURE By Prof. William P. Trent, of Columbia University. 12mo, Cloth, $1.40 net. A HISTORY OF ARABIC LITERATURE By Clement Huart. 12mo, Cloth, $1.25 net. New Volumes in the Literatures of the World Series, edited by Edmund Gosse. THE POETICAL WRITINGS OF WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT With Chronologies of His Life and Writings, and a Bibliography of His Works, by Henry C. Sturges. And a Memoir of His Life by Richard Henry Stoddard. Roslyn Edition. Portrait and 19 full-page illustrations. Contains 50 Poems never before included in any one-volume edition. 8vo, Cloth, $2.00. STATELY HOMES IN AMERICA From Colonial Times to the Present Day. By Harry W. Desmond and Herbert D. Croly. Profusely illustrated. Royal Octavo, $7.50 pet. The names of Mr. Desmond, and his associate, Mr. Croly, as the writers of the descriptive and historical text accompanying the many illustrations in this book are a guarantee of the authoritative and interesting nature of the subject matter. Mr. Desmond has long been known as a writer on architectural topics, and as a student of American architecture in particular. 3 THE LIFE AND TIMES OF THOMAS JEFFERSON By Thomas E. Watson, author of “The Story of France," "Napoleon," etc. Illustrated with Portraits and Views. 8vo, Cloth, $2.50 net. There was no question that a life of Jefferson from the hands of such a writer as Mr. Watson would command general attention. Its publication as a serial by two of the best known newspapers in the United States during tbe past summer has caused its appearance in book form to be awaited with interest. & D. APPLETON & COMPANY, Publishers, New York 150 (Sept. 16, THE DIAL NEW HARPER PUBLICATIONS Orchard-land Ву ROBERT W. CHAMBERS, author of “ Outdoorland,” etc. A BOOK for children, similar in scope to " Outdoorland." In the orchard the children make the acquaintance of the birds, field-mice, squirrels, insects, etc. All is told in a delightful man- ner, which will appeal to children while teaching them much con- cerning natural history. Companion story to “ Outdoorland," illustrated with seven full- page pictures in color and many marginal drawings; richly orna- mented cloth cover. $1.50 net (postage extra). The Stories of Peter and Ellen A COMPANION volume to “ The Lovable Tales of Janey and Josey and Joe.” The story tells of where Peter and Ellen go on the fat, white pony, and of what they see, of the pet monkey, of the visits to “ Wyville Pieville," and so on. Sixteen full-page pictures in color. Square Octavo. Ornamented Cloth. $1.30 net (postage extra). By GERTRUDE SMITH, author of “The Roggie and Reggie Stories,” etc. Two Prisoners By THOMAS NELSON PAGE, author of “ Marse Chan," etc. (Imprint of R. H. Russell.) THOMAS NELSON PAGE has achieved an enviable rank in American literature, and “Two Prisoners" is written in that early manner of simple and touching eloquence which made him famous. The story concerns a little girl imprisoned by lameness in her room, and a mocking-bird whom she longed to set free. Through the unconscious agency of this bird the little heroine came into a great happiness. Five pictures in color by Virginia Keep. Ornamented Cloth, $1.00. The Heart of Hyacinth Ву ONOTO WATANNA, AN N exquisite love story of Japan, told with the delicacy of touch, the tender sentiment, and the dainty comedy that charmed so many in “ A Japanese Nightingale.” The story is the romance of an American girl born in Japan, reared by a Japanese woman, whose half-English son is her companion, and finally, her lover. Uniform with " with “ A Japanese Nightingale," beautifully bound in lavender cloth, with gold and colored decorations; illustrated with full-page pictures in color and marginal drawings in tint on every page by Japanese artists. Deckel Edges and Gilt Top. In a box, $2.00 net (postage extra.) Author of “A Japanese Nightingale," etc. Monna Vanna By AN N exquisitely written play in three acts. This is one of the most beautiful dramas that has yet come from the pen of “the Belgian Shakespeare.' The scenes are laid at Pisa, at the end of the fifteenth century, and centre around heroic Vanna, the beautiful wife of the city's ruler. Love, passion, heroism are sublimely de- picted in passages in which Maeterlinck's genius is at its height. Decorated Bevelled Boards, Untrimmed Edges, Gilt Top, Silk Headband, $1.20 net (postage extra). MAURICE MAETERLINCK, trans- lated by A. I. Du Pont Coleman. A History of the German Struggle for Liberty Vol. III. THIS, the third volume of Mr. Bigelow's absorbing recital of the German fight for nationality, brings the history to an accounting of the events that took place between 1815 and 1848. Prussia's condition after the battle of Waterloo, a sketch of the first German emperor, accounts of the Carlsbad Decrees, and of the difficulties in which the Holy Alliance found itself, these are a few of the many topics included. A spirited account, told with calm judg- ment, fervor, and enthusiasm. Illustrated. Uniform with Vols. I. and II. Ornamented Cloth, Uncut Edges, Gilt Top. $2.25 net (postage extra). By POULTNEY BIGELOW. HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK 1903.) 151 THE DIAL NEW HARPER PUBLICATIONS The Maids of Paradise a Ву MR. CHAMBERS'S romances are probably the most satisfying of their kind now appearing in America. His adventure car- ries one along with a sweep and a whirl that are irresistible; his love scenes have a charm, a tenderness, and convincing reality that raise them far above the meetings of lovers in contemporary fiction. Paradise is an idyllic French village, and the maids thereof live in the stirring days of the Franco-Prussian War. Fighting is rife through many of these pages, but the dominant note is love, and and the romance is the happiest that the author has done. Illustrated by André Cas ne and others. $1.50. ROBERT W. CHAMBERS, author of “ Cardigan," etc. Cherry Ву A SPARKLING romance of old New York. Mr. Sudgeberry tells the story, and unconsciously depicts himself a hopeless prig. He believes he is in love with Sylvia Gray – her beauty, her wit, her cherry ribbons dazzle his youthful but already ponder- ous and egotistical brain. Finally the pouting Sylvia decides to take a momentous step, and Mr. Sudgeberry intrudes at once, with officious attempts to save his Sylvia from a direful fate, but he learns that there is more than one string to the bow of a pretty girl. Sprightly, clever, and amusing comedy. Illustrated in Color by A. I. Keller. Title-page and End Papers in Colors. Decorated Chapter Heads and Tail Pieces. Post 8vo, Ornamented Cloth, Gilt Top, Uncut Edges, $1.25. BOOTH TARKINGTON, a Author of - The Gentleman from Indiana," etc. The Change of Heart THESE are six captivating love stories by one of our best-known short-story writers, whose cheerful optimism and genuine be- lief in the highest ideals make her romances at once inspiring and satisfying. The tales deal with gentlefolk, and in each some tangled love affair or similar situation is unfolded with delicate ingenuity. Ornamented Cloth, $1.25. By MARGARET SUTTON BRISCOE, author of “ The Sixth Sense,” etc. AN N exceedingly interesting story told in letters written to their homes by various people in New York. They not only de- scribe New York life from novel and entertaining view-points, but unfold to the reader a fascinating story of the American me- tropolis. Uniform with Mr. Howells's other works. $1.50. Letters Home By WILLIAM DEAN HOWELLS, Author of “Questionable Shapes," etc. A NEW romantic novel founded on the legend of King Robert of Sicily, an arrogant ruler, who defied the priest's warning that “the unrighteous shall be debased and the pure in heart shall be exalted.” He fell into a deep sleep and lost his throne. Upon this foundation Mr. McCarthy has constructed a vivid romance, in which a beautiful woman is the means of King Robert's eventual change of heart and happy restoration to the throne. Ornamented Cloth. $1.50. The Proud Prince By JUSTIN HUNTLY McCARTHY, Author of “ If I Were King," "Marjorie," etc. (Imprint of R. H. Russell.) THIS HIS is the story of a wife, who by the unconscious influence of her noble character, finally brought her husband to alter his stern conception of justice, and to see the true meaning of human charity. The crisis of their lives came through her heroic effort to save a young girl from the knowledge of certain behaviour in the past of her betrothed, of which he had long repented. The story tells how the wife nearly sacrificed her own life to achieve this pur- pose, and how, through many strange complications in the lives of these people, truth and love finally triumphed. Illustrated by W. T. Smedley. Ornamented Cloth. $1.25. Judgment By ALICE BROWN, Author of “The Mannerings," etc. HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK 152 (Sept. 16 THE DIAL HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO.'S EARLY AUTUMN PUBLICATIONS September 19. JEWEL. By Clara Louise Burnham. $1.50. (An entertaining story.) MY OWN STORY. By J. T. Trowbridge. $2.50 net. (Delightful reminiscences.) THE CLERK OF THE WOODS. By Bradford Torrey. $1.10 net. (Nature sketches.) ESSAYS ON GREAT WRITERS. By Henry D. Sedgwick, Jr. $1.50 not. (Sound and spirited essays.) WITNESSES OF THE LIGHT. By Washington Gladden, D.D. $1.25 net. (Noble Lectures for 1903.) September 26. AMERICAN TARIFF CONTROVERSIES IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. By Edward Stanwood. $5.00 nel. (A thorough and comprehensive work.) THE PINE GROVE HOUSE. By Ruth Hall. $1.50. (A novel of today.) LESLEY CHILTON. By Eliza Orne White. $1.50. (A pleasing love-story.) THE YOUNG ICE WHALERS. By Winthrop Packard. $1.20 net. (Adventure in the Arctic Ocean.) October 3. REBECCA OF SUNNYBROOK FARM. By Kate Douglas Wiggin. $1.25. (One of Mrs. Wiggin's best creations.) HILL TOWNS OF ITALY. By Egerton R. Williams, Jr. $3.00 net. (Beautifully illus- trated from photographs.) REMINISCENCES OF AN ASTRONOMER. By Simon Newcomb. $2.50 net. (With portrait.) ULTIMATE CONCEPTIONS OF FAITH. By George A. Gordon, D.D. $1.30 net. (Earnest convictions.) CONQUERING SUCCESS. By William Mathews. $1.50 net. (Addresses to young men.) October 10. THE LAND OF LITTLE RAIN. By Mary Austin. $2.00 net. (Out-door life in California.) THE GENTLE READER. By Samuel M. Crothers. $1.25 net. (Wise and witty essays.) THE CHRIST STORY. By Eva March Tappan. $1.50 nel. (Por children. Finely illustrated.) A LIEUTENANT UNDER WASHINGTON. By Everett T. Tomlinson. $1.30 net. (A story for boys.) A LISTENER IN BABEL. By Vida D. Scudder. $1.50. (4 story of the development of character.) October 17. PONKAPOG PAPERS. By Thomas Bailey Aldrich. $1.00 net. (In Mr. Aldrich's best style.) AMERICAN HISTORY AND ITS GEOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS. By Ellen C. Semple. $3.00 net. (A fresh interpretation of our national history.) HENRY WARD BEECHER. By Lyman Abbott, D.D. $1.75 net. (With portraits.) JOHN GREENLEAF WHITTIER. By George R. Carpenter. $1.10 net. (In American Men of Letters Series.) COMMENTS OF JOHN RUSKIN ON THE DIVINA COMMEDIA. Compiled by George P. Huntington. $1.25 net. (An Introduction by Prof. Norton.) DAPHNE. By Margaret Sherwood. $1.00. (A unique love-story.) MR. SALT. By Will Payne. $1.50. (A novel of Chicago life.) LONG WILL. By Florence Converse. $1.50. (A romance of the time of Chaucer.) For a Fall Announcement giving full descriptions of the above books apply to the publishers at No. 4 Park Street, Boston CCESS 1908.) 153 THE DIAL JOHN LANE'S FALL BOOKS General Literature Poetry EL DORADO: A TRAGEDY. By RIDGLY TORRENCE. 12mo $1.25 net. NEW LETTERS OF THOMAS CARLYLE. Edited by ALEXANDER CARLYLE. Illustrated. In two volumes, boxed, 8vo $6.00 net. *.*Uniform with “New Letters and Memorials of Jane Welsh Carlyle." SELECTED POEMS OF JOHN DAVIDSON. Contains the author's selection of his most important poems, including "A Ballad in Blank Verse,' "The Ballad of the Nun." 16mo, cloth $1.25 net. Leather $1.50 net. . . 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THE LITTLE PEOPLE. By L. ALLEN HARKER, 12mo. $1.25 net. * By the author of "A Romance of the Nursery." JOHN LANE 67 FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK 154 [Sept. 16, THE DIAL 110 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS NEW EDITION OF THE Letters of Horace Walpole Edited by Mrs. PAGET TOYNBEE THE DELEGATES OF THE CLARENDON Press have arranged with Mrs. Paget TOYNBEE for the publication of The Letters of Horace Walpole, in as complete a form as possible. The work is now in the press, and will be issued in sixteen volumes. The first portion (vols. i-iv) will be published in November, 1903; vols. V-x will be ready in November, 1904, and the remainder (vols. xi-xvi) in November, 1905. It is confidently expected that this new edition, the first for nearly fifty years, of the greatest English letter-writer of the eighteenth (or perhaps of any) century, will be practically final, no pains having been spared in tracing letters in the hands of private owners, and in public collections, in this country, in England, and on the Continent. Mrs. Toynbee has been so fortunate as to obtain the use of over four hundred letters, not included in the latest edition of the Collected Letters; more than a hundred of these bave never before been printed. The work will be issued in three editions, as follows: 1. 16 volumes, demy 8vo, on hand-made paper, the number of copies limited to 260, at the subscription price of $125.00 net in cloth boards; $175.00 net in full morocco. II. 8 double volumes, crown 8vo, on Oxford India paper, at the subscription price of $35.00 net. III. 16 volumes, crown 8vo, on ordinary paper, at the subscription price of $27.00 net. Specimen pages and further particulars will be sent on request. a Baptism and Christian Archaeology. By CLEMENT F. Rogers, M.A. 8vo, cloth, $1.75. A Text-Book of North Semitic Inscriptions. Moabite, Hebrew, Phænician, Aramaic, Nabaltaean, Palmyrean, Jewish. By the Rev. G. A. COOKE, M.A. 8vo, cloth, $5.35. A History of the Peninsular War. By Charles Oman, M.A. Volume II. Jan.-Sept., 1809. From the Battle of Corunna to the End of the Talavera Campaign. With maps, plans and illustrations. Svo, cloth, $4.75. The Mediaeval Stage. By E. K. CHAMBERS. 8vo., 2 vols., buckram, $8.50. Studies in Napoleonic Statesmanship-Germany. By Herbert A. L. FISHER, M.A. 8vo, cloth, $4.15. Sacred Sites of the Gospels. With illustrations, maps and plans, by W. SANDAY, D.D., LL.D., with the assistance of Paul WATERHOUSE, M.A., F.R.I.B.A. 8vo, cloth, $4.50. Mathematical Crystallography, and the Theory of Groups of Movements. By Harold Hilton, M.A. 8vo, cloth, $4.75. The Educational Systems of Great Britain and Ireland. By GRAHAM BALFOUR, M.A. Second Edition. 8vo, cloth, $2.50. Aeschylus. Persae. With Introduction and Notes by A. SIDGWICK, M.A. Extra fcap. 8vo, cloth, 75 cents. Aeschylus, Septem Contra Thebas. With Introduction and Notes by A. SIDGWICK, M.A. Extra fcap. 8vo, cloth, 75 cents. John Bull in France; or French as it is Spoken. By Leon Delbos, M.A. Extra fcap. 8vo. Cloth, 50 cents; India paper edition, 60 cents. This is a book of real conversations such as may and do actually occur in everyday life, especially between travellers. 9 a For Sale by All Booksellers. Send for Catalogue OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, American Branch 91 and 93 Fifth Avenue, NEW YORK 1903.) 155 THE DIAL Lippincott's Books for the Autumn of 1903 The True History of the Civil War A BRIEF yet comprehensive history, true in the best sense, in that it gives an impartial and accurate account of the causes that led to the Civil War, and a narrative of that struggle and the consequences of Federal victory. It is a thoroughly readable volume, and especially notable for the vividness with which it brings out the great figures of '61 to '65. Professor Lee is a lecturer in Johns Hopkins University, and is besides widely known for his critical work. By Guy Carleton Lee, Ph.D. Illustrated. Royal 8vo. Net $2.00. Half levant, Net $5.00. Postage extra. Through the Gates of Old Romance Со. OLLECTED from many out-of-the-way sources, facts and figures of real life are charmingly interwoven in a web of romance. There are ghost stories and love stories, and stories of adventure. The volume is illustrated with delicate drawings by John Rae. Edited by W. Jay Mills Author of "Historic Houses of New Jersey." Illustrated. 8vo. Decorated Cloth, Net $2.00. Postage extra. American Myths and Legends MR. SKINNER will be remembered agreeably by his former volumes. In many cases these legends are as romantic and interesting as the most popular of fiction. The new volumes have red letter title- page and photogravure illustrations. By Charles M. Skinner Author of “Myths and Legends of Our Own Land." Illustrated. 2 volumes, Net $2.50. Half morocco, Net $5.00. Postage extra. Memoirs of Count Grammont IN N two volumes, printed on excel- lent paper with fair margins, and contains portraits finely repro- duced in photogravure. The binding is a feature. Edited by Gordon Goodwin Illustrated. 2 vols. 12mo. Cloth, gilt top, paper label, Net $4.00. Half morocco, London binding, Net $6.50. A large paper edition, half morocco, Net $7.50. Shakespeare's Garden A POETICAL calendar which treats in due order, month by month, of the trees, shrubs, and flowers which come to perfection at that particular time. Beautifully illustrated By J. Harvey Bloom, M. A. Illustrated. 12mo. Cloth, Net $1.00 Limp leather Net $1.25 Boccaccio's Decameron A NEW and faithful translation in two handsome volumes, illuminated with eleven beautiful illustrations in photogravure by Louis Chalon, Two vols. Buckram, gilt top Net $7.50 Three - quarters levant .. Net $17.50 Fall-grained morocco, Net $25.00 . morocco Introduction to History of Modern Philosophy A COMPREHENSIVE book, its view directed immediately to the field of modern philosophy, but giving attention to the begin- nings, development, and progress of philosophical study. By Arthur S. Dewing Crown 8vo. Cloth Net $2.00 Post-paid $2.14 The Educational Theory of Emanuel Kant A FORMULATION of the concep- tions of the great philosopher as exhibited in his lecture-notes on Pedagogy, and in selections from other of his most thoughtful writings. By Edward Franklin Buchner 12mo. Cloth Net $1.25 The Temple Series of Bible Characters and Scrip- ture Handbooks UNIFO NIFORM with the Temple Bible in general appearance. The books have frontispieces and illu- minated title pages. 27 volumes. 44 x 542 inches. 30 cents per vol. Postage extra. Now ready: David, the Sweet Singer of Israel; Abraham and the Patriarchal Age. Two volumes. . A Sequence in Hearts By Mary Moss A love story of to-day, with the characters sharply drawn and vivid, and one of the most amusing and fascinating of plots. Helen Adair By Louis Becke Author of "Yorke the Adventurer," “ Breachley-Black Sheep," and other stirring tales of the South Seas. FICTION Pigs in Clover By “Frank Danby" Second Edition. DR. HARRY THURSTON Peck says : « One of the most powerful and sustained stories read in many months." A Passage Perilous By Rosa N. Carey At the Time Appointed By A. Maynard Barbour Fourth Edition. Frontispiece. By the author of "That Main- waring Affair.” Now in its Tenth Edition. With the Treasure Hunters By James Otis Author of “ Toby Tyler." A book for boys of exciting adventure among the Florida Cays. > 9 Send for Free Illustrated Announcement of Autumn Publications J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY PHILADELPHIA PUBLISHERS 156 (Sept. 16, THE DIAL Recent and Forthcoming Publications By the author of “Lavender and Old Lace" THE SHADOW OF VICTORY A Romance of Fort Dearborn (Early Chicago) By MYRTLE REED 12mo. With Frontispiece. Net, $1.20 (postage 15 cts.) Miss Reed's new novel is preëminently a love story, portraying a true woman whose lot was cast, not in the drawing- room or in the salon, but in the wilderness, where the only representatives of civilization and culture were the rude fort and the true hearts that garrisoned it. Beatrice is fascinating, possessing all the sweet caprices of Woman, with Woman's strength in time of need, while the hero is a man whose character must appeal to every true woman. By Elbert Hubbard LITTLE JOURNEYS New Series By Elbert Hubbard. Beautifully printed and bound. Many illustrations in photogravure. 8vo. Each, $2.50. 1.-TO THE HOMES OF ENGLISH AUTHORS 11.-TO THE HOMES OP FAMOUS MUSICIANS THE WORKS OF CHARLES AND MARY LAMB 7 volumes. Edited by E. V. Lucas. 8vo. Very fully illustrated. Per volume, $2.25 net. No edition of Lamb approaches this in completeness, Vol. I., Miscellaneous Prose, and Vol. V., Poems and Plays, now ready. By Katharine M. Abbott OLD PATHS AND LEGENDS OF NEW ENGLAND Saunterings over Historic Roads, with Glimpses of Pic- turesque Fields and Old Homesteads, in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire. By Katharine M. Abbott. 8vo. With 186 illustrations and a Route Map. $3.50 net. (Carriage, 25 cts.) By Prof. Heinrich Wolfflin THE ART OF THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE A Handbook for the Use of Students, Travellers, and Readers. 8vo. With over 100 illustrations. Net, $2.25. By Horatio W. Dresser MAN AND THE DIVINE ORDER Essays in the Philosophy of Religion and in Construct- ive Idealism. 12mo. Net, $1.60. (Postage, 15 cts.) By Charles Hemstreet LITERARY NEW YORK Its Landmarks and Associations. 12mo. With about 60 illustrations. By Elizabeth W. Champney ROMANCE OF THE BOURBON CHÂTEAUX By Elizabeth W. Champney, author of "Romance of the Feudal Châteaux," ** Romance of the Renaissance Châteaux," etc. 8vo. With colored frontispiece, 7 photogravures, and 40 half-tone illustrations. Net, $3.00. (By mail, $3.25.) LITTLE FRENCH MASTERPIECES Edited by Alexander Jessup. Translations by George Burnham Ives. With portraits in photogravure. Is- sued in a small and attractive form, cloth, flexible; and also in limp leather. 6 volumes. 16mo. Cloth, each, $1.00. Limp leather, each, $1.25. 1.-PROSPER MÉRIMÉE IV.-ALPHONSE DAUDET II.--GUSTAVE FLAUBERT 1.40UY DE MAUPASSANT III.-THÉOPHILE GAUTIER VI.-HONORÉ DE BALZAC By Élie Metchnikoff THE NATURE OF MAN Studies in Optimistic Philosophy. 8vo. By Katrina Trask FREE NOT BOUND The Story of a Woman's Love. 12mo. Net, $1.10. (Postage, 10 cts.) By Bayard Taylor THE STORY OF KENNETT New Edition. 12mo. With 18 original illustrations. $1.50. By Julian Klaczko ROME AND THE RENAISSANCE: THE PONTIFICATE OF JULIUS II. Translated by John Dennie, author of "Rome of To-day and Yesterday,” etc. 8vo. With 52 full-page illustrations. Net, $3.50. (Postage, 25 cts.) By Richard Dallas A MASTER HAND The Story of a Crime. 12mo. Net, $1.00. (Postage, 10 cts.) a NEW YORK G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS LONDON Send for Illustrated Announcement List 1903.) 157 THE DIAL L O T H R O P FICTION POSTPAID, $1.50 EACH DARREL )) (CC of the BLESSED ISLES By IRVING BACHELLER, author of “ Eben Holden,” and “Dr'i and I.” 6OTH THOUSAND HON, B. B. ODELL, Governor of New York: “I enjoyed every page of Darrel.”' HARRIET PRESCOTT SPOFFORD: NEWELL DWIGHT HILLIS: “I HAVE read of late few more de- “DARR ARREL of the Blessed Isles' lightful stories than Darrel of the is at once the latest and the Blessed Isles. Entirely fresh in con- best of Mr. Bacheller's stories. It is ception and plot, it leads one with gentle an idyl of love and the story of a great but absorbing interest and with skilfully happiness that came through a great self- managed surprises and incidents. There sacrifice and expiation. Mr. Bacheller is a sweetness and strength about the has clothed life's simplicities with endur- whole book rarely found in the novels ing charm and beauty, and made honorand of the day, and in its own genre unsur- self-sacrifice, truth and love, seem the passed." only things that are really worth while.” A PARISH OF TWO > GORGO A ROMANCE OF OLD ATHENS BY CHARLES K. Gaines, Ph.D., Professor of Greek in St. Lawrence University. GORG ORGO is the naive and captivating heroine, naming the book, beloved by Theramenes, the Athenian, whose stormy career in politics, love, and war furnishes the motive of the tale. The story is laid in a period covering the time of the great Peloponnesian conflict, and abounds in strik- ing war pictures. Conspicuous historic fig- ures of the time, such as Socrates and Alci- biades, are delineated in a manner singularly lifelike. BOSTON HERALD says: "ONE of the most brilliant pieces of fiction of the year is 'A Parish of Two,' by Henry Goelet McVickar, a well- known society man, and Percy Collins, a pseudonym which is said to be that of the society leader, Price Collier, of New York. The book is far above the average in con- ception and execution, and will be widely read and discussed because of its strong and unique plot, its sparkling epigrams, and the boldness of its attack on the morality of the weaker sex.” THE MASTER OF WARLOCK > By GEORGE CARY EGGLEston, author of “ Dorothy South,” “A Carolina Cavalier.” BROOKLYN TIMES: “The atmosphere is clean and wholesome, the sentiment pure.” THE LIONS OF THE LORD A TALE OF THE OLD WEST By HARRY Leon Wilson, author of “ The Spenders.” BOSTON HERALD: “ The Lions of the Lord' is one of the most powerful, pur- poseful, and instructive novels of the season, and is a credit to American literature.” LOTHROP PUBLISHING COMPANY, BOSTON 158 (Sept. 16, 1903. THE DIAL Important September Publications HISTORY Robert Morris, Patriot and Financier. By MR. ELLIS P. OBERHOLTZER An important and attractive biography, which throws a flood of new light on the inner history of the Revolution. Illustrated, cloth, large 12mo, $3.00 net. The Contest for Sound Money By MR. A, B. HEPBURN An exhaustive history by the Vice-President of the Chase National Bank, New York City, of the perennial strife for a sound currency. 8vo, $2.50 net. South Carolina as a Royal Province By MR. W. ROY SMITH In addition to the ordinarily accessible material, the author has made use of the six volumes of records copied from the British Public Record Office. $1.50 net. ART, Etc. Bryan's Dictionary of Painters and Engravers A new edition of a work which has no rival for completeness and trustworthiness, thoroughly revised, with over 1500 alterations made necessary by modern research. Five volumes, fully illustrated. Vol. I. now ready. $6.00 net. The Land of Heather By MR. CLIFTON JOHNSON An attractively illustrated volume on Scotland, uniform with "Among English Hedgerows," etc. Cloth, crown Svo, $2.00 net. A Pleasure Book of Grindelwald By DANIEL P. RHODES A charming volume on the delights of one of the most popular resorts in Switzerland. Fully illustrated. Cloth, 12 mo, $1.50 net. The Care of a House By T. M. CLARK, Author of “Building Superintendence," etc. The book is of the greatest value to every owner or prospective builder, as preventing the waste of a hundred times its cost many times over. Cloth, 12mo, $1.50 net. Just ready. FICTION McTodd By MR. CUTCLIFFE HYNE, Author of “ Thompson's Progress," etc. The hero is the Scotch engineer, who is nearly as popular with Mr. Hyne's readers as his peppery chief, • Captain Kettle." Cloth, $1.50. The Literary Sense By E. NESBIT, Author of "The Red House," etc. A collection of such clever and original short stories as might be expected of the author of "The Would-be-Goods." Cloth, $1.50. On the We-a Trail By MISS CAROLINE BROWN A novel of the love, war and adventure which passed along that famous Indian trail during the early struggles for possession of the forts on the Wabash. Cloth, $1.50, The Beaten Path By RICHARD L. MAKIN Human work-a-day life and the way its burning industrial problem touches the average man and woman is dramatically displayed. Cloth, $1.50. Blount of Breckenhow By MISS BEULAH MARIE DIX Tells of the love of a brave man for a noble woman in the face of a family tragedy as common now as in the days of 1642. By the author of "The Making of Christopher Ferringham." Cloth, $1.50. Trapper 6. Jim' By MR. EDWYN SANDYS This volume is everywhere said to be the best book for boys on all kinds of outdoor life. Cloth, 12mo, $1.50 net. PUBLISHED BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 66 FIFTH AVE. NEW YORK. THE DIAL a Semis Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. PAGB THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of BOOKS OF THE COMING SEASON. each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, postage prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries Once more the publishers have sent out comprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must be added. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the their announcements for the Fall season, and current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or once more we attempt to select from the enor- postal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO CLUBS and for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application; mous mass of material thus presented a few and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATEs furnished titles here and there that sharpen anticipation. on application. All communications should be addressed to In order to make it possible to choose at all THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. from so bewildering an array of forthcoming books, we shall set entirely aside the majority No. 414. SEPT. 16, 1903. Vol. XXXV. of the categories represented — science, educa- - tion, religion, travel, holiday and juvenile pub- lications, and make a scanty selection from CONTENTS. the groups belonging to biography, history, and literature in the narrower sense. BOOKS OF THE COMING SEASON 159 We presume it will be admitted without much question that the book of the year, as POE'S CONTRIBUTION TO AMERICAN LITER- far as one can determine such a matter in ad- ARY HISTORY. Sherwin Cody 161 vance, will be Mr. Morley's life of Gladstone. No man living is better fitted by both knowl. NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA. Percy F. Bicknell 163 edge and sympathy to set forth the life of the SHAKESPEARE CRITICISM AND DISCUSSION. famous statesman, and Mr. Morley has given Albert H. Tolman 165 the greater part of his time ever since Glad. Liddell's The Elizabethan Shakspere. --Schmidt's stone's death to this pious task. It certainly Shakespeare-Lexicon, revised by Gregor Sarrazin. must have been an exacting labor, and we trust - Lanier's Shakspere and his Forerunners. – Haz- that it has proved inspiring as well. We may litt's Shakespear. certainly depend upon a biography that will do IMPRESSIONS OF POLAND. William Morton justice to Gladstone's great moral and intel- Payne lectual force, and to his impressive personal 169 qualities, while avoiding the undiscriminating A THOUSAND YEARS OF THE ENGLISH PAR- eulogy that is not content with the real great- LIAMENT. Charles H. Cooper 172 ness of the man, but seeks also to claim for him a scholarly eminence which cannot pos- FOUR BOOKS ON ART Alice Brown 173 sibly be allowed by “them that know." The Noyes's The Enjoyment of Art. — Waldstein's Art in the Nineteenth Century. — Cook's Spirals in Na- figure of Gladstone was so imposing that one ture and Art. — Poore's Pictorial Composition and may dismiss with a smile his ingenious specu- the Critical Judgment of Pictures. lations in theology and archæology, as well as his mistakes in statesmanship, without sensibly BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS · · 175 impairing his significance. The latest history of American literature. — Two The great American statesman whose posi- ancient Religions. -- Introductory study of Ethics. tion in public life and whose intellectual bent - A study of the French Impressionists. — The Poets of Transcendentalism. - International prob- offer many points of comparison with Glad- lems of disease.-Two treatises on Versification. stone may properly be named in the present An Indian agent of colonial times. — Arnold's connection, since for American readers the march from Cambridge to Quebec. autobiography of Senator Hoar cannot fail to NOTES prove a work of the deepest interest. The 178 American Senator, like the English Minister, ANNOUNCEMENTS OF FALL BOOKS 179 has his marked vagaries, intellectual and po- (A classified list of books announced for publication litical, but his earnest stand for righteousness during the coming Fall and Winter season.) in the conduct of the nation's affairs has ex- . . . - . . . . 160 (Sept. 16, THE DIAL > alted him above the ordinary rules of criticism, by American writers upon American subjects. | and made of him a figure almost as command. Two volumes of “New Letters of Thomas Car- . ing as that of his English contemporary. The lyle” will keep alive for another season the story of his life, as told by himself, must make unfortunate controversy between his partisans the strongest kind of an appeal to all serious and those of his biographer. “America in Americans. In literary biography, the forth- Literature,” by Professor Wood berry, is a title a coming volume of Richard Henry Stoddard's that attracts us, as do such others as “Studies memoirs, edited by his lifelong friend Mr. in German Literature in the Nineteenth Cen. Stedman, offers a certain store of entertain-tury,” by Professor John F. Coar; “Dante's ment, as does also the autobiography of Mr. Influence on English Poetry” and “The Great John T. Trowbridge, which some of us have Poets of Italy," both by Professor Oscar Kuhns; already seen in the pages of " The Atlantic “ A Literary History of Scotland,” by Mr.J.H. Monthly.” The authorized life of John Fiske Millar; “ The Development of the Drama," by cannot fail to be a work of fascinating inter- Professor Brander Matthews; and the titles of est, for it is to be told largely from Fiske's own the five forthcoming volumes in the “Colum. letters and private papers. The author of this bia University Studies in Romance Literature biography is not even named in the announce- and Philology." ment, so completely has be sought to merge his The two volumes of poetry that will attract own identity in that of his subject. Two other most attention are Mr. Kipling's collection, biographical works that deserve mention are “The Five Nations," and the “David and the “ Reminiscences of an Astronomer,” by Bathsheba” drama by Mr. Phillips. Among Professor Simon Newcomb, and Mr. Vizetelly's other announcements, the women seem to make account of the life, work, and influence of Zola. the best showing, in witness whereof we mention Turning from biography to history, we may “After Sunset," by Mrs. Rosamund Marriott mention first of all the publication of Lord Ac- Watson; “The Singing Leaves,” by Miss Jo- ton's lectures on the French Revolution and on sephine Preston Peabody, "The Passing Show," modern history in general, delivered during the by Miss Harriet Monroe; “Songs of Dreams," author's incumbency of the Regius professor- by Miss Ethel Clifford; and “Poems," by Miss ship at Cambridge. The Reformation volume Josephine Daskam. We shall probably have in the “Cambridge Modern History” will also some poetical surprises besides, for it has been appear in a few weeks. Mr. Herbert Paul is our experience that the most interesting work writing a five-volume history of modern Eng in this kind is apt to come without observation, land - from the point of view of a young and unheralded by its sponsors. and two of the volumes are now ready. Novels, like the poor, we have always with A similar service is being done for the recent us, and the comparison is far-reaching. Of history of our own country by Mr. William Gar- the hundreds of titles already announced, we rott Brown, and the first of the two volumes is select a few for the closing paragraph of the about to be published. M. Hanotaux's work, present forecast, a task not without its diffi- doing much the same thing for the history of culties. Among those that seem the most prom- contemporary France, will soon be complete in ising the following may be named : « The four volumes. A few other historical works Crossing,” by Mr. Winston Churchill; “The announced are Dr. A. H. Noll's account of the Heart of Rome," by Mr. F. Marion Crawford ; struggle for constitutional government in Mex- “ Helianthus,” by “Quida”; “Sanctuary," by ico, editions of Hennepin's “ New Discovery” Mrs. Edith Wharton; “Cherry,” by Mr. Booth and of the journals of Lewis and Clark, and Tarkington ; “ The Ambassadors," by Mr. several further volumes in the “Expansion Henry James ; “The Maids of Paradise,” by " of the Republic” and “ American Common- Mr. Robert W. Chambers ; “ Letters Home,” wealths" series. by Mr. William Dean Howells ; “ The Relent- Among works of literary history and criticism less City,” by Mr. E. F. Benson ; “ The Long we shall soon have completed the new edition Night," by Mr. Stanley Weyman ; " Barlasch of Chambers's “ Cyclopædia of English Litera- of the Guard,” by Mr. Henry Seton Merriman; ture,” the illustrated English Literature” of • My Friend Prospero,” by Mr. Henry Har. Messrs. Garnett and Gosse, and Mr. W. J. land; “ The Napoleon of Notting Hill,” by Courthope's “ History of English Poetry.” No Mr. G. K. Chesterton ; Mr. G. K. Chesterton; “Where Love Is," by less than fifteen new volumes of “ English Men Mr. William J. Locke; "The House on the of Letters " are announced, three of the number / Sands,” by Mr. Charles Marriott; “The De man > 1903.) 161 THE DIAL a liverance," by Miss Ellen Glasgow; “ The every other literary man of eminence on the other. Castle of Twilight,” by Miss Margaret Horton Professor Woodberry, whose biography of Poe has Potter ; “Doctor Xavier,” by Mr. Max Pem. contribated more to our knowledge of the man than berton; “The Vineyard,” by “ John Oliver anything else that has been written, manifestly dis- Hobbes "; and “The Little Shepherd of King- likes Poe. And what critic but has accepted with a smile Lowell's epigrammatic characterization, dom Come,” by Mr. John Fox. Here are an “Three-fifths of him genius and two-fifths sheer fudge"? even score of which we may be reasonably sure All this has been like & wall of ice about any that they will not disappoint us, since each is attempt to examine Poe in the only way in which the work of a practiced hand, skilled in its any great author can be fairly examined, namely, own peculiar craftsmanship. It is a far cry, with the enthusiasm of a lover who is likewise a no doubt, from a novel by Mr. Henry James thoroughly intelligent and just critic. Poe has had to a novel by “Ouida," but whoever takes up his devoted friends, it is true; but for the most part either to read will do it with his eyes open, they have not been endowed with the highest crit- knowing about what to expect. ical ability. But we have now a younger generation, owning no thralldom to the New England writers, and among them a number of keen critical minds. Here, then, POE'S CONTRIBUTION TO AMERICAN is work for them. Let us outline, briefly, three lead- ing points of the inquiry upon which they must enter. LITERARY HISTORY. 1. Poe was a most accomplished literary artist. If we may judge from the new editions of Poe He had a skill that he had learned by patient study that have recently been or are about to be put upon and practice. This is clearly shown by the improve- the market, we may reasonably conclude that Poe's ment he made in revising his poems and tales. What day has at last arrived, or at least is within sight. a world of difference, for instance, do we find be- Let us, therefore, once more examine his literary tween “A Pean" of 1831 and “Lenore” of 1843, history and see what ideas he has really contributed though one is but the developed form of the other ! to the world's stock. Poe never revised but to improve, and he was an To the casual reader, Poe is a sort of Mephis- habitual reviser of all his work. Have we not here, topheles, with human weaknesses, who created that then, a conscious literary artist (whose genius none weird poem “The Raven” and wrote the popular can deny), with methods we might study, with the detective story “The Gold-Bug.” One is pure closest attention, for the critical principles they genius, unexplained and unexplainable; the other, would reveal ? clever but somewhat cheap legerdemain. Poe's literary history in this respect is interesting. To the more careful and thoughtful student, Poe He published his first volume of poems in 1827, the offers a bundle of fragments, which afford abundant same year and at the same age when Tennyson pub- evidence of genius, bat are so slight and scattered, lished his contributions to "Poems by Two Brotb- 80 imperfect (except in a few instances), that it is ers”; and his volumes of 1829 and 1831 correspond impossible to accord their anthor a very high place closely with Tennyson's early volumes of about the or a very lasting reputation. Not only is his work same dates. Clearly the first two volumes are alto- fragmentary, but it is disfigured by extravagance gether experimental; but in the third (1831) we and folly of the more pitiable kind. find such gems as “ To Helen.” From this time on, But now, more than fifty years after Poe's death Poe never attempted a serious poem without making and nearly a hundred after his birth, we are called a pronounced artistic success, with the single excep- apon by the Poe enthusiast to reëxamine the rec- tion of the dramatic poem “Politian,” which was a ords, and see if we have not been misled by a series further experiment such as “Tamerlane” and “Al of conditions, natural but hostile to appreciation of Aaraaf” had been. What other great poet, after his true worth. he had once learned his art, practised it so rigor- None can deny that there is some truth in the ously? Tennyson may be regarded as almost the statement that the Literary Powers have been hos- only other one. tile to Poe. Poe attacked Longfellow violently, After the volume of poems of 1831, which con- denied Hawthorne's “ originality,” finally turned tains proof that Poe had really mastered the poetic against Lowell, and included all the New England art, he turned his attention to short story writing. writers in his sneers at “ Frogpondium.” Irving We hear nothing of him for two years. Then, in and Bryant, moreover, according to Poe, were not 1833, he appears as the prize winner in the “ Balti- as great as they ought to have been. In a word, more Visiter" contest, and he has on hand at least he set himself against all that we have learned to half a dozen stories of the first order. value and consider great in American literature. The French would doubtless accept Poe as the It was bard for any friend of Longfellow to be father of the art of short story writing in its modern an enthusiastic admirer of Poe. Poe seems to development. In his work we find a genus quite force everyone to take sides, — and when sides different from the narrative tales that had prevailed have been taken, we have Poe on one side and until his day. He begins a story with an essay on - 162 [Sept. 16, THE DIAL - a > some peculiarity of the human mind, and then he 3. Poe was first poet, then story-writer and edu- uses his dramatic plot to illustrate it. In his review cator of the reading public; finally, toward the close of Hawthorne, he explains the principle analytically: of his life, he turned his attention toward a great “A skilful artist has constructed a tale. He has not scientific subject, - rather, toward the substance - fashioned his thoughts to accommodate his incidents, but of all science, - a conception of the totality of the having deliberately conceived a certain single effect to be universe. Such scientific stories as “ Hans Pfaal” wrought, he then invents such incidents, he then combines such events, and discusses them in such tone, as may best and “The Conversation of Charmion and Eiros" serve him in establishing this preconceived effect. If his very are light; and while they serve their purpose, they first sentence tend not to the out-bringing of this effect, then are somewhat fanciful. In “ Eureka" Poe made in his very first step he has committed a blunder. In the a profoundly serious effort, which has never been whole composition there should be no word written of which the tendency, direct or indirect, is not to the one pre- properly studied, and indeed has usually been established design. And by such means, with such care and looked on as a curiosity in the literary garret, not skill, a picture is at length painted which leaves in the mind unlike the flying machine of Darius Green. of him who contemplates it with a kindred art, a sense of the In studying this side of Poe's literary history, fullest satisfaction. The idea of the tale, its thesis, has been presented unblemished, because undisturbed - an end abso- we must bear in mind, first, that Poe was not a lutely demanded, yet, in the novel, altogether unattainable." scientist, but a literary man, and “Eureka ” he Of course Poo means “in the novel” of the great specifically calls a “prose poem.” When he says English writers, such as those of Scott, Dickens, it is “ Truth,” he does not mean, as Professor and Thackeray, each with its two or three hundred Woodberry supposes he does, that he believes him- thousand words, rambling along a path the end of self a great scientist and metaphysical thinker, but which not even the author himself could see. rather that he feels the sublimity of his subject and 2. A phrase in the paragraph quoted above sug- has studied it with the serious reverence which Truth requires. There are various kinds of truth, gests another point for our study of Poe. He speaks and the truth Poe aims at is of a literary, not a of “him who contemplates it with a kindred art.” If this means anything, it means that the reading scientific, character, — that is, it is touched with public must be educated in the principles of literary imagination and sentiment. Whether Poe was suc- art if artistic creations are to have any value. cessful or not in “ Eureka,” he at any rate gives There have been few hitherto to point out Poe's us an ideal of loftiness and immensity as the proper devotion to and permanent interest in the American subject matter of literature, and a hint as to how the reading public. While English and French writers plodding investigations of science may be utilized for the most ideal purposes. have lamented bitterly that Poe was not born some- where, anywhere, not in America, we find in Poe's Science has made such immense strides since own writing not one word of complaint, not one Poe's day that we cannot hold him responsible for expression of a wish that he had been, or might be, any inaccuracies or shortcomings in statements of anything but an American. scientific truths; but the present writer believes His magazine project, to which he devoted him- that the thoughtful student will find in “Eureka" self so strenuously throughout his life,- was not that the germs of that modern philosophy which has much more than an ambitious desire to make money? | fully reconciled the material and the spiritual, dis- Poe's real passion was to establish a periodical that covering in mind, matter, God, and man, an unas- would educate the American reading public criti- sailable Unity. In any case, the method of thought, cally to appreciate the best in literature, since he the poetic conception, can never be affected by our believed that only with such an educated audience changing knowledge, for they belong to the perma- could the best works of literary art be produced. nence, the immortality, of genius. No other American writer over devoted himself so We have not yet exhausted Poe. There has unselfishly and passionately and persistently to so been but little really sympathetic study of him as noble an artistic cause. Poe justly accuses Long- yet, and therefore no real or permanently valuable fellow of literary indolence in “Hyperion," a novel comprehension of him. Curious circumstances have ” totally at variance with the literary principle of retarded his vogue. Now that those circumstances unity enunciated by Poe in the paragraph previously have passed away, we may look forward with re- quoted. He says: newed hope of his finding his true place in our lit- “Works like this . . . are potent in unsettling the popular erary history. SHERWIN CODY. faith in Art-a faith which, at no day more than the present, needed the support of men of letters. . .. A man of true The American Library Association Publishing Board talent who would demur at the great labour requisite for the has nearly ready for the press and expects to put into stern demands of high art - at the unremitting toil and the printer's hands early in 1904, an “Index of Por- patient elaboration which, when soul-guided, result in the traits," edited under the direction of William Coolidge beauty of Unity, Totality, Truth, - men, we say, who would demur at such labour, make no scruple of scattering at ran- Lane, Librarian of Harvard University, by Nina E. dom a profusion of rich thought in the pages of such farragos Browne, Secretary of the Board. For several years the as ‘Hyperion.'" Board has been gathering material for this work, with And he ends his review sadly, “ We are indig- the assistance of many collaborators in all parts of the country. Over 100,000 references to portraits in pe- nant that he [Longfellow] too has been recreant to riodicals, published collections, and illustrated works the good cause." Poe was faithful unto death. have been brought together. 9 - 6 - 1903.) 163 THE DIAL one of the companions of his exile. But the The New Books. irksomeness of inactivity told severely on the young soldier's temper, and his own record shows him to have been of a petulant, moody, NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA.* uneven disposition, which may perhaps some- When Napoleon was a student at the Acad. what impair his authority as a chronicler of emy of Lyons he gained a prize for the best passing events. Yet the artless candor of his essay on " The Truths and Principles that style insures us against wilful deception. Lord ought to be Inculcated on Men that they may Rosebery calls his journal, which appears not Enjoy Happiness.” The prize was a gold to have been written for publication, “ the one medal, which he afterward sold for fifty louis, capital and superior record of life at St. Hel- Years later, Talleyrand obtained this youthful ena,” and, again, speaks of it as “ sometimes composition from the Lyons Academy and laid almost brutal in its realism.” It was not until it before the Emperor. “Have you read it?” 1898 that the journal was published, by per- asked the latter. “No, Sire, I have just re- mission of Gourgaud's son. Forming as it does, ceived it." Thereupon Napoleon took the pa- in the French, a work of twelve hundred pages, per and threw it into the fire, pushing it down it is too prolix for unabridged reproduction in with the tongs. Talleyrand betrayed some sur- prise, but the other was determined that what English. By judicious excision a book of one- he had written in the generous enthusiasm of quarter that bulk has now been produced. It is worth noting that the publication of youth should not be allowed to put him to these memoirs clears up some hitherto misun- shame as Emperor. derstood points relating to Gourgaud and his This anecdote, recorded by General Gour- conduct toward Napoleon at St. Helena. A gaud, in his volume of “ Talks of Napoleon at pretended quarrel with his imperial master was St. Helena," furnishes food for reflection, as do meant to throw dust in the eyes of the English many other of the reminiscences contained in and lead the way to the prisoner's escape from his journal. The gleams of light thrown on the island. the great man's character, the fresh revelations Let us now follow the fallen conqueror as of his moral and intellectual peculiarities, are he proceeds, on board the “ Northumberland," what most engages the interest in these new and in charge of Admiral Cockburn, to his conversations at St. Helena. Of secondary insular domain. “ Ah, if it were only to be importance are those purely historical recollec- done over again!" is his pathetic exclamation, tions of the illustrious captive, confirming or referring to Waterloo. Choosing somewhat at contradicting what has already been chronicled random from his talks with Gourgaud, we find concerning his career. To the book as a pic- him looking back upon his First Consulship as ture, however imperfect, of Napoleon's most a happy period in his life. He was also happy intimate personality, the present reviewer ac- upon the birth of the King of Rome, though cordingly wishes to call attention in the brief he did not then feel perfectly secure in his space at his disposal. But first as to Gourgaud position. But he thinks perhaps he was hap- bimself and his claims upon our confidence. piest at Tilsit, when, after surmounting many Gaspard Gourgaud was born of humble par difficulties, be found himself dictating laws and . entage in 1783. At nineteen he entered upon receiving the homage of emperors and kings. a military career, in which he distinguished The remembrance of his Italian victories, too, himself for bravery, having the good fortune gives him satisfaction. gives him satisfaction. What cries of “Long to save Napoleon's life at Brienne in 1814. live the Liberator of Italy!” and all that, when He bad already advanced rapidly in the favor he was only twenty-five! Then first did he of the Emperor, who said of him in later life: perceive what he might some day become, and "He was my First Orderly Officer. He is my he seemed to see the whole world passing be- work. He is my son.” And there was a sin. neath him as if he had been borne aloft in the cere attachment between the two. Hence it air. Looking into the future, he speaks of was natural that Gourgaud, at his own earnest Russia as the power most to be dreaded by request, should be chosen by Napoleon as England, and even likely to march, safely and *TALKS OF NAPROLON AT ST. HELENA WITH GENERAL swiftly, to universal dominion, first making BARON GOURGAUD. Together with the Journal kept by herself mistress of the Orient. This opinion Gourgand on their Journey from Waterloo to St. Helena. Translated, and with Notes, by Elizabeth Wormeley Latimer. he repeats again and again. He regards the With eight portraits. Chicago : A. C. McClurg & Co. part he played in history as one that would 164 [Sept. 16, THE DIAL ” he says. a have been played by someone else if he had lot of other nonsense, while I did not know a word not come. Europe was weary of anarchy, and about such trifling military details." an end of it was desired. “ A man is only a Here the translator appends a footnote saying man,' “ His power is nothing if cir. that “it is a little remarkable that not one of cumstances and public sentiment do not favor the sovereigns who met to confer on the affairs him.” And so he regards Luther and the of Europe at Tilsit had a son and heir. Na- Reformation merely as products of the times. poleon and Alexander had no legitimate chil- Less sage are his reflections on the origin of dren; the Emperor of Austria and the King man. In fact, they are so incredibly absurd of Prussia had no sons." Where, pray, at this that one is tempted to believe him falsely re- time (1807) was the boy afterward known to ported. After referring to the beginnings of history as Frederick William IV.? October civilization in Egypt and India and China, he 15, 1795, i