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THE GREEK LOVE OF DETAIL.
each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, postage
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The crocodile of the Nile, Herodotus tells us
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instead of its under jaw, and that leeches infest
THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago.
its mouth, which it gladly opens for a certain
bird resembling the plover to walk in and feast
on the troublesome parasites—a service so grate-
ful to the hideous reptile that it holds ajar those
No. 464. OCTOBER 16, 1905. Vol. XXXIX. hugę jaws, which could easily make match-
wood of a fishing boat, until the bird has walked
out again unharmed. This vividly recalls the
CONTENTS.
picture, in the old natural-history books, of a
crocodile with its upper jaw, and in fact the
THE GREEK LOVE OF DETAIL. Percy F. whole cerebral region, tilted at an angle of
Bicknell.
227 nearly forty-five degrees with the lower jaw,
which rests on the ground, while a small bird
SHAKESPEARIAN DRAMA IN CHICAGO. W.E. promenades the oral cavity (a veritable bonne
Simonds . .
230 bouche for the feathered feaster) with much
apparent contentment.
COMMUNICATIONS
231
All these details are characteristic of the
A Question of 'Exemplary Morality.' Thomas Greek historian's inquiring and observing
Vincent Shannon.
genius, but two of them also illustrate his occa-
Unworthy Reading for the Young. E. T. Nelson. sional too ready acceptance of that which is
curious and striking, and which, for the inter-
THE MOST READABLE OF THE ANCIENTS.
est of his narrative, ought to be true if it is not.
Paul Shorey
233
As for the leeches, and the bird which alone of
LORD BYRON SELF-REVEALED.
animate beings is the ugly monster's friend, and
Anna B.
McMahan
which Herodotus calls the 'trochilos,' later re-
235
searches have proved the Halicarnassian trav-
THE FRENCH AND ENGLISH IN AMERICA.
eller to be in the right. The parasite_bdella
St. George L. Sioussat
236 is its Greek name has been identified with the
timnatis nilotica,' and the bird, which the
IVORY CARVINGS, OLD AND NEW. Frederick Arabs of to-day call 'siksak,' is inferred to be
W. Gookin
239 the 'pluvianus ægyptius. But concerning the
anomalous absence of a tongue and the excep-
THE YOUTH OF NAPOLEON. Henry E. Bourne . 241
tional hinging of the jaws, the historian's eyes
deceived him. His account of the matter is
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
242
very interesting, but unhappily not true. Mod-
Bright essays on various themes.--Gropings in the
ern naturalists have discovered a tongue to the
realm of the unknown. An English officer's wife
in India.-Philosophy: Its meaning and history.-
animal, a thick fleshy growth, attached, as they
More words of counsel from Pastor Wagner. — A
tell us, very far back in the throat, and not so
much in evidence as the unruly member of some
delightful girl's diary of olden time. Some modern
higher forms of vertebrates. And the lower
interpretations of the Bible. -- Music in the spa-
cious times of great Elizabeth.-Timely studies of
jaw, being prolonged backward beyond the skull,
Chinese life and character. — Origin and develop-
gives to the reptile's yawn a generous ampli-
tude, and in some way conveys the impression
ment of the violin.
that the upper and less considerable blade of
NOTES
245 these enormous shears is the moving part.
But exceptions only prove the rule, and the
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
246 Ionic traveller's fondness for graphic detail has
.
.
.


228
[Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
long been recognized as something far different noon of the tropics; and Herodotus, having no
from the ordinary sight-seer's craving for nov motive but his own inexhaustible thirst of
elty. No one will severely blame Herodotus for knowledge, embarked on a separate voyage,
not pushing his study of saurian anatomy to a fraught with hardships, toward a chance of
point that might have robbed us of his book be-clearing up what seemed a difficulty of some im-
fore the first page was written. He redeems portance in deducing the religious mythology
his slight error of detail by going on to tell how of his country.'
the reptile is hunted,-a curious method, sub To pass now to a Greek historian of the suc-
stantially the same as that still in vogue on the ceeding generation and of another dialect, even
banks of the Nile. Another small descriptive the monotonous details of stages and parasangs
item in this Egyptian narrative chanced to ap that used to make Xenophon's retreating Ten
peal to the present writer with a certain vivid Thousand so tiresome a company of tired sol-
ness and reality. In his account of the festival diers to our schoolboy minds, may come back in
called the lighting of the lamps, periodically later life as not unpleasing bits of realism, ac-
celebrated at Sais, and in fact throughout ceptable for their very dulness, their rigid ad-
Egypt, Herodotus says the lamps were filled herence to the hard facts of that stern struggle
with oil and salt, the wick floating on the sur- for a sight of the sea, with its cheering promise
face and the lamps burning all night. The of home and friends. So, too, the Catalogue of
domestic column of a recent newspaper contains Ships in the 'Iliad,' a passage of 266 lines that
a paragraph advising housewives to put a little used to be skipped in the classroom as not gram-
salt in their lamps to make them burn more matically instructive, contributes by its very
brightly; which goes to demonstrate again that monotony to complete one's mental image of
there is nothing new under the sun.
those primitive galleys hastening in squadrons
De Quincey once styled Herodotus the Frois across the Ægæan and laden with warriors that
sart of Antiquity,' but later admitted that he are to do battle 'far on the ringing plains of
had done the earlier writer an injustice; for windy Troy.' The description of the shield of
Froissart he declares to be little else than an Achilles is another bit of detail, tiresome prob-
historian, whereas Herodotus is the counterpart ably to the learner, but afterward recognized
of some ideal Pandora, by the universality of as a necessary part of the poem. As Professor
his accomplishments.' And the English essay Butcher has well said, poetry was not for the
ist proceeds to name some of the Greek histo-Greeks, as it so often is for us, an escape from
rian's many excellences. His approximate accu reality, a refuge from world-weariness; and he
racy in giving dimensions and distances in quotes Strabo's remark that 'to construct an
Egypt, notwithstanding the crudeness of his in- empty teratology or tale of marvels on no basis
struments of measurement, De Quincey consid of truth is not Homeric,' and that in both
ers 'all but marvellous'; and he warmly admires 'Iliad' and 'Odyssey' we have a transference
his description of that ancient land and its in of actual events to the domain of poetry.
habitants. Judged as an exploratory traveller,' A recent study of the Odyssey' by a French
he continues, in an essay that has not yet ceased scholar, M. Victor Bérard, is said by the re-
to be good reading, “and as a naturalist, who viewers to contain some curious and convincing
had to break ground for the earliest entrench illustrations of Homer's accuracy as a geog-
ments in these new functions of knowledge, we rapher and of his practical acquaintance with
do not scruple to say that, mutatis mutandis the navigation of the Mediterranean, with its
and concessis concedendis, Herodotus has the islands and shores, its winds and currents, and
separate qualifications of the two men whom we with all the habits and customs of the seafaring
would select by preference as the most distin folk that bordered its eastern waters. Even the
guished among Christian traveller-naturalists; farthest reaches of the hero's wanderings cease
he has the universality of the Prussian Hum not to be linked with reality. Mr. Butcher
boldt, and he has the picturesque fidelity to na quotes from the Frenchman's work some strik-
ture of the English Dampier-of whom the ing instances of the close agreement in the
last was a simple self-educated seaman, but Odyssey' between poetic fancy and prosaic
strong-minded by nature, austerely accurate reality of detail. In Book ii. 11. 212 ff., Tele-
through his moral reverence for truth, and zeal machus asks the suitors for a ship and twenty
ous in pursuit of knowledge, to an excess which men, that he may go to Sparta and sandy Pylus
raises him to a level with the noble Greek. Dam to inquire about his father. The request is re-
pier, when in the last stage of exhaustion from fused; but Athene, in Mentor's,guise, equips the
a malignant dysentery, unable to stand upright, expedition, and Telemachus sets sail with Men-
and surrounded by perils in a land of infidels, tor, the hour being approximately indicated by
crawled on his hands and feet to verify some line 388, ' The sun set, and shadowy grew all the
fact of natural history, under the blazing fore ways,' a formula occurring seven times in the


1905.)
229
THE DIAL
Our
poem in connection with travel, and evidently know was to the Greek mind an excellent thing,
denoting a late hour at night. Athene sent 'a apart from all use, sordid or noble, of the knowl-
favoring gale, a fresh wind from the northwest, edge acquired. One important department of
singing over the wine-dark sea,' and early next learning, however, was strangely neglected.
morning Pylus is reached. If we consult the Eager as the people of Greece were to learn
official Sailing Directions of to-day, says Mr. about distant lands and their inhabitants, they
Butcher, we shall find that land and sea breezes appear to have held it not worth while, or not in
alternate in those Greek waters, the wind from keeping with their national importance, to learn
the sea beginning to blow each morning about foreign languages.
foreign languages. Herodotus in his travels
ten o'clock and keeping all vessels in harbor the evidently blundered along as best he could with
rest of the day, but subsiding at sunset, and only his mother-tongue in which to make known
followed, after some hours of calm, by the land his wants and his queries. Like the unthinking
breeze. Hence Telemachus, leaving Ithaca and untaught person
of own time and
about eleven at night, would have a favoring country, the cultivated Greek seemed almost to
wind to waft him toward Pylus. The poet who assume without question that the words of his
described this voyage of Telemachus had a ma own language were the original and natural
riner's knowledge of that whereof he spake. names of things. Epicurus, observes our
Another example from the same source. Book authority already so freely quoted, felt no doubt,
v. 295-6 pictures a tempest encountered by skeptical philosopher though he was, that the
Odysseus after he had left Calypso's island and gods, if they spoke at all, spoke Greek; and even
was approaching the Phæacian coast: 'Eurus so acute a mind as Plato's fell a victim to fal-
and Notus clashed together, and stormy Zephy lacies that he would have easily avoided had he
rus, and Boreas, born in the bright air, rolling known the grammar of even one foreign tongue.
onward a great wave.' Of these four ds But in one respect, and that a matter of lan-
southeast, southwest, northwest, and northeast, guage again, the love of detail and the striving
respectively — the last-named, Boreas, finally for precision went so far as occasionally to try
prevailed, blowing continuously for two days the patience of a modern reader of ancient
and two nights, then falling and giving place to Greek. The wealth and variety of modifying
a 'windless calm 'on the third morning. Again particles, designed to render impossible all de-
consulting the “ Sailing Directions,' we read, as fect in consecutiveness, to smooth over all ab-
quoted by Mr. Butcher: 'It frequently happens ruptness of transition, contribute at times to
that winds from the N.E., N.W., and S.E. blow perplexity, or at least to irritation and weari-
at the same time in different parts of the Adri ness, rather than to perfect clearness. Pray,
atic. The wind called Bora is most to be feared exclaims the much-enduring reader, cannot a
and demands active and incessant watch. reasonable being draw an inference now and
In summer it never lasts more than three then without the officious assistance of an illa-
days.' Thus, we are assured by M. Bérard, tive conjunction, or of two or three of them
the storm that overtook Odysseus was no mere marvellously welded together, with crasis and
storm of literature, but a genuine Adriatic tem-
elision and various euphonic changes of con-
pest. While Virgil's storms always rage three sonants and vowels? Yet over-scrupulous par-
days, that is simply a part of his stock of poetic ticularity is better than slovenly ambiguity, and
furniture. The author of the “Odyssey' an infiinite capacity for taking pains than
minutely accurate in every detail; and the dis careless disregard of small things.
turbance of the elements as described by him The temptation is strong, even at the risk of
off the Phæacian coast furnishes an interesting perpetrating a few platitudes, to indulge in
bit of confirmation of the old tradition that some closing reflections. A most excellent thing
Phæacia and the modern Corfu are one and the must one consider this Greek fondness for facts
same.
in all their details. There are times when the
That Greek literature should be distinguished | mind craves concrete realities large and small,
by clearness, precision, minute attention to de as the raw material out of which mental tissue
tail, is of course no more than one would expect is formed, just as there are also moments when
from what is known of the Greek character and the longing is irresistible for the vague and
of the environment that helped to produce it. mystical and dreamily suggestive. Preraphael-
Under those bright blue skies, vagueness and ism no less than impressionism, Greek clarity
mysticism were not at home. An insatiate love no less than Hindu mysticism, has its appointed
of knowledge, of facts as they actually are, hour. It is well at times to feel strongly con-
marked the Greeks. This love of knowledge, vinced that knowledge is good for its own sake.
says Plato in the Fourth Book of the Republic,' Between knowing and not knowing, who could
they had in as marked a degree as the Phæni hesitate in his choice? A plus is always in-
cians and Egyptians had the love of money. To finitely preferable to a zero or a minus. More-


230
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
6
over, if the business of our lives be not the quest were presented : 'As You Like It, ' Twelfth
of truth, in all edifying forms and in larger Night,' Two Gentlemen of Verona,' 'Mid-
and larger measure, and its worthy exemplifica summer Night's Dream,' Merchant of Venice,'
tion in daily conduct, what then is it? * Taming of the Shrew,' 'King Henry IV.;
riched and fortified with large acquisitions of 'Richard III.,' 'Julius Caesar,' Romeo and
concrete facts and the ideal truths they symbol- | Juliet,' Macbeth,' "Othello,' • Hamlet.'
ize, may not one meet the smiles and the frowns There were two Richards, two Macbeths, two
of fortune with like equanimity? Or, rather, Violas, and two Rosalinds; three companies
to him who conforms himself to the facts can appeared in Taming of the Shrew,' two in
fortune wear any frowns? What, after all, is * Romeo and Juliet.' There were four Othellos,
man but the sum of all he has inherited and all five Shylocks, and seven Hamlets. In Septem-
he has experienced and learned? And if he has ber and October, Shakespeare was played for
but done his part toward making that sum total three weeks, Miss Rehan and Miss Marlowe
a considerable one, the better for him in the appearing simultaneously during two weeks of
way of stability, virtue, contentment, useful the three. Again, in January and February,
ness, and countless other respects too obvious to there were engagements covering three weeks:
need naming.
PERCY F. BICKNELL.
Mr. Whiteside, Mr. Skinner and Mr. Creston
Clarke appearing in Shakespearian roles.
During this period, “Hamlet' was presented
fourteen times, and twice the theatre-goer had
his choice of two interpretations. In March
SHAKESPEARIAN DRAMA IN
there were thirteen performances, and in April
CHICAGO.
sixteen. In every month of the season except
November, Shakespeare was played in Chicago.
It is almost ten years since the writer of this The companies of eleven different artists
article published in THE DIAL a record of the appeared in these productions, and there were
Shakespearian performances at the Chicago eighty-eight performances of these thirteen
theatres during a season which had appeared plays. Besides the players already named, Mr.
noteworthy for its classical productions.* In Warde, Mr. James, Mr. Mantell, and Thomas
view of the charges of decadence so often urged Keene appeared; the younger Salvini essayed
against the contemporary stage, and the public the characters of Othello and Hamlet; Sir
taste for dramatic amusement, together with Henry Irving was seen as Shylock and as Mac-
the alternating assertions on the one hand beth.
that Shakespeare is no longer enjoyed and From the table given at the end of this
therefore seldom performed, on the other that article, it is evident that, taking into account
such and such a season has been signalized by both the number of performances and the num-
a revival of the classic drama beyond precedent, ber of plays presented, no subsequent season
-in view of much discussion of these and compares in interest with the one reviewed,
kindred themes, it may be that a complete until we reach that of 1904-5. This last season
record of the Shakespearian plays produced in is so remarkable for its offerings in the Shakes-
Chicago during the past ten years will have not pearian drama that it is worth while to note
only a passing interest, but prove of value :15 the productions in detail. For the sake of clear-
presenting facts bearing on the case.
ness the various engagements are tabulated
By way of further comment, it may be said thus :
that while the Chicago stage is distinctly pro-
Plays
Dates.
Players.
Perform-
vincial as compared with that in New York, it
Sept. 19-24
Sothorn-Marlowe
1 Romeo and Juliet
Bush Temple
is undoubtedly less affected by artificial condi-
| Sept. 26-Oct. 1 Sothern-Marlowe
tions than is that of the metropolis. Chicago is
1 Apr. 13, 14
Sothern-Marlowe
near the centre of national life, and is perhaps
3 Hamlet
Apr. 8,20
as truly indicative of the rise and fall of dra-
May 16-22
matic values as any city in the country.
Taming of the Shrew
(Katharine & Petruchio) (Mar. 1, 2 Blanche Batea
While it is not possible in this article to deal
| Jan. 23-Feb. 11 Mansfield:
in detail with the characteristics of the ten
Apr. 5, 15
seasons under review, attention is called to the
Apr. 23-29
first and last of the series, which appear to be
Warde-Kidder
the most notable of all.
Apr. 17-29
Viola Allen
During the dramatic
season of 1895-96, thirteen Shakespearian plays
May 8-16
Bush Temple
9 Twelfth Night
Apr. 3, 4, 15
"'Shakespeare in Chicago,' I.—THE DIAL, June 16, '96.
10 Two Gentlemen
Apr. 6, 7
Shakespeare in Chicago,' II.-THE DIAL, July 16, '97.
11 Comedy of Errors Apr. 10, 11
"The Passing Show.'-THE DIAL, July 1, '98.
12 Othello
May 9.15
Mantell
Plays and Players of a Season.'-THE DIAL, July 1, '99.
ances.
7
12 19
7
Feb. 6-12
2 Much Ado
Ben Greet
Oct. 3.8
Ben Greet
Mantell
Reban
Jan. 23-28
4
5 Merchant of Venice
6 Richard III.
Ben Greet
Jan. 24-Feb. 10 Mansfield
Mantell
Feb. 19-25
7
2
9 18
7
2
7
3 10
5
9 14
9
16 25
2
11 13
3 3
2 2
2 2
9 9
7 Winter's Tale
Apr. 12
Ben Greet
8 As You Like It
Ben Greet
133 133


1905.)
231
THE DIAL
el 1898-99
: | 1900-01
: | 1899-00
4 14
is so co to SE | 1895-96
19 | 1896-97
isso | 1897-98
conosco | 1901-02
Cari | 1903-04
4 Richard III
5 Julius Cæsar.
1
1
3
S
2
8 As You Like It
12
ti:
seven
10 Winter's Tale
11 Macbeth
25 20 14 19 137
8 11 23 10 94
3 13 18 91
14 14 66
10 40
8 47
2 17
943
14 37
35
20 21
4
23
16
18
23
9 15
15
2 10
8
2 6
5
2
6
2
6
14 Much Ado .
It will be seen that the record opens with the The Tempest' being included in this supple-
advent of Mr. Sothern and Miss Marlowe in an mentary list.
engagement of three weeks, during which they The writer does not care to pronounce any
presented the three plays, “Romeo and Juliet, dicta upon the summary already given or upon
Much Ado,' and ‘Hamlet,' giving seven per that which follows. In the table appended, six
formances of each play. It was not until the down-town theatres are represented; they
last of January that an opportunity was again average, perhaps, eight performances a week,
given to see a Shakespearian drama on the Chi and the length of the regular season is about
cago stage; but the week of January 23 brought forty weeks. Upon this basis, any reader who in
two stars into the field of vision, Mr. Mansfield fond of figures may, if he wishes, produce some
appearing for two weeks alternating in the more or less edifying calculations. But here
roles of Richard' and ' Shylock,' and Miss are the simple records of the Shakespearian
Rehan appearing for a single week in ‘Taming productions in Chicago for the past ten years.
of the Shrew.? Twelve performances of
SHAKESPEARE IN CHICAGO: 1895-6-1904-5.*
'Romeo and Juliet' by the Bush Temple Stock
Company are recorded in February, and we
had during that same month the production of
the Winter's Tale' by Mr. Warde and Miss
1 Romeo and Juliet ...
Kidder. Very appropriately, April, the birth-
2 Merchant of Venice .
month of the great dramatist, appears as the 3 Hamlet ...
stellar month of the season. On April 3, Mr.
Ben Greet began his notable engagement, of 6 Taming of the Shrew
7 Othello ...
which the first two weeks were devoted to six-
teen presentations of Shakespearian 9 Henry V.
plays; these were “Twelfth Night,' 'Merchant
of Venice,'. 'Two Gentlemen of Verona,' 12 Twelfth Night
Comedy of Errors, ?' As You Like It, 'Much 13 Tempest
Ado,' and 'Hamlet.' On the seventeenth of the 15 Cymbeline
month came Miss Viola Allen's appearance for
16 Comedy of Errors
17 Antony and Cleopatra
sixteen performances in the Winter's Tale."
Meanwhile Mr. Mantell, during the last week 19"Midsummer Nights Dr.
20 Henry IV.
in April, was presenting his interpretation of
21 King Lear
Richard III.' Inasmuch as Mr. Mantell's
pro-
Totals...
ductions were given nine times in the week, we
have for the month of April, 1905, the note-
* In the verification of dates and in the preparation of this table, I
hare had the assistance of Mr. A. P. Zetterberg.
worthy record of forty-one performances of nine
W. E. SIMONDS.
Shakespearian plays; except on April 1 and
on the first three Sundays of the month, there
were presentations every day. Mr. Mantell's
engagement included a week's appearances in
COMMUNICATIONS.
Othello' and another week's in Hamlet.' In
A QUESTION OF EXEMPLARY MORALITY.'
May, also, the Bush Temple Company gave
eleven performances of 'As You Like It. It
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
should be added that in March Miss Blanche
In the issue of your journal for Sept. 16 I have
Bates twice included ‘Katharine and Petruchio'
read with some satisfaction the sympathetic no-:
tice of The Land of the Strenuous Life,' by the
as one of the plays in a double bill. No account
Abbé Klein. In the main, the criticism is gra-
is here made of an open-air performance of ' As
cious. The note of critical condescension, as
You Like It' by Mr. Greet's company in Sep- might be expected, is not wanting.
tember at the Onwentsia Club.
Into the notice there has crept a biting allu-
formances of these twelve plays certainly make sion that must cut every Catholic reader to the
the dramatic season of 1904-5 a very effective quick. In no carping spirit do I challenge the
climax to this record of a decade. If now we following innuendo: The exemplary morality,
were to include the engagement of Mr. Greet anj
too, that he [the Abbé Klein) delights to attrib-
his company during the summer season eight
ute to the restraining influence of the confes-
performances of seven plays at the University court records." No words could conceal the virus
sional might not be borne witness to by police
of Chicago (July 12-22) and nineteen perhere hidden. No such dart could be hurled hap-
formances of six plays at Ravinia Park (July hazard. Let me ask the reviewer, Do the police-
24-Aug. 5)-- we should have a truly remark-
court clerks keep a register of such criminals as
able record of 160 performances of fourteen are regularly at confession? Do they find on in-
plays,— Midsummer Night's Dream' and l quiry the fact that the confessional has failed
5
5
15
18 Two Gentlemen ...:
4
5
3
1
3
<
1:
48
88 68 50 28 48 86 52 119 97 133 709
The 133 per-


232
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
of restraining them? To what statisties did the young and inexperienced to perceive and avoid
reviewer have access in venturing the amazing the dangers of its quasi-teaching.
opinion above quoted? Is it another fulfilment The 'literature that I have especially in mind
of 'I don't know the man, but I'd damn him at a is in periodical form; not the cheapest "yellow'
venture?'
THOMAS VINCENT SHANNON. kind, but that which appears in the garb of ap-
St. Malachy’s Rectory, Chicago, Oct. 5, 1905.
parent respectability. To be more particular, I
have in mind as I write a magazine, several con-
[Father Shannon's courteous letter of remon-
secutive numbers of which have recently by
strance and inquiry is of unusual interest to the chance fallen into my hands,-numbers contain-
reviewer; for it is just such communications,
ing a 'college' serial story. Now, there is no
coming so unexpectedly as they do, that are
more attractive setting for a story for boys than
blessed to our use in enabling us in some small
that afforded by school or college life; and
measure to see oursel's as ithers see us.? The subject, author, and reader. Report the life real-
there is none harder to handle with justice to
'virus' which our correspondent so clearly de istically, and the story becomes a dry account of
tects must be present, in however diluted a form, daily study and recitation, with an occasional
else he could not have discovered it; and the plum of adventure. Make it all football and fun,
only thing for the infected patient to do is thank- and the picture is false; every incident may have
fully to apply the anti-toxine furnished by the actually occurred to some person, but never could
timely letter. And now the reviewer begs leave
all of them fall within the range of one person's
to ask in return whether, on re-reading the of experience. This story-told graphically and in
fending passage, the remonstrant would still con-
very decent English-makes a course in college
sider his questions, concerning police-court regis-
look like a four years' cruise with a crew of
pirate cut-throats.
ters, quite as fair as they are difficult to answer.
A group of college students are unconsciously
For the sake of clearness, let us add a comma and involved in a miserable web of intrigue, includ-
change the form of the relative pronoun in the ing two murders, one of them the mysterious
objectionable sentence, thus,— The exemplary stabbing of a student on the campus. The presi-
morality, too, (of the Catholics,] which he de dent of the college acts as little like a college
lights to attribute to the restraining influence of president as the police chief and the coroner do.
the confessional, might not be borne witness to
The students mob the police, and at the coroner's
by the police-court records.' It was the alleged inquest two of them exchange knockdowns. The
superiority of Catholic over Protestant morals,
thing is untrue to college life-untrue, happily,
to any life. Yet it is done cleverly enough, --with
and not at all the efficacy of confession, that the
a cheap tinselled cleverness that makes it all the
reviewer ventured to call in question; and on
more dangerous. This magazine, and others like
this matter the police records might conceivably it, have a large circulation. Selling for a fairly
throw some light. Is it virulence in a critic to high price, they of course go into homes where
query whether those of a certain designated faith the thousands of boys who read them are of suffi-
are, morally superior to those of another? In cient natural intelligence to make the most-or
conclusion, it may interest Father Shannon and the worst-of their sensational suggestions.
other readers of THE DIAL to learn exactly what New York City, Oct. 8, 1905.
E. T. NELSON.
were the Abbé's words that aroused this discus-
sion. He says, speaking of the Catholic Church:
The latest issue to reach us of the The Pub-
“By her sacraments, especially by confession, she
lishers' Circular,' which covers very efficiently
combats intemperance, lust, and other vices, the affairs of the English book trade, is an 'Au-
with a strength that the most beautiful discourses tumn Announcement Number,' containing full par-
of Protestant ministers can never equal.'--THE
ticulars of the forthcoming output of the English
REVIEWER.]
publishers. An absence of any scheme of classi-
fication makes the information unavailable for
quick reference; but a casual glance through the
UNWORTHY READING FOR THE YOUNG. list has revealed several items of considerable
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
literary interest which do not appear in the an-
May the little flurry over the question of proper
nouncements of any of the American publishers.
Among these may be mentioned a new collected edi-
and improper reading for the young be made the
tion, in eight finely-printed volumes, of the com-
occasion for a word concerning one subtle but
plete works of William Ernest Henley; a two-vol-
powerful influence in the undermining of public ume 'Life of Charles Dickens, as revealed in his
morality? I refer to the influence of a class of Writings,' by Mr. Percy Fitzgerald; a volume on
‘literature' not to be described as inflammatory, Ideals and Realities in Russian Literature,' by
perhaps, but certainly as sensational; not de Prince Kropotkin; the sixth and concluding vol-
basing, but misleading; powerful, because it de ume, entitled 'Young Germany,' of George Brandes 's
votes genuine talent in narrative composition to
‘Main Currents in Nineteenth Century Literature';
a collection of 'Essays on Mediæval Literature,'
the exposition of false ideals with an air of
by Professor W. P. Ker; · The Puzzle of Dickens's
plausibility well calculated to deceive the reader
Last Plot,' by Mr. Andrew Lang; and a new edi-
of fair but untrained intelligence; and danger tion of W. Cory's 'Ionica,' with a biographical in-
ous because it appeals primarily to readers too troduction by Mr. Arthur C. Benson.


1905.)
233
THE DIAL
The New Books.
literary style thus artificially acquired that
seems the native and natural expression of the
writer's thought, and not a mere pastiche. The
THE MOST READABLE OF THE ANCIENTS.*
classicism of his manner heightens by piquant
contrast the effect of the realism of his matter.
A distinguished German philologist recently For, once master of his instrument of expres-
said that to find the best books of the past two
decades one must consult not the Leipzig book-
sion, he employed it chiefly on the one theme
sellers' catalogues but the reports of the excava-
in which originality was still possible for a
Greek writer - the portrayal and satire of the
tions of the Egyptian Exploration societies. In motley medley presented by the Greco-Roman
a similar vein a pleased reviewer may hazard
empire at the culmination of its picturesqueness
the paradox that the best English book of the
in the century that preceded its decline and fall.
year may well prove to be Mr. and Mrs. Fow-
ler's most readable translation of the most
The opportunity for which Flaubert yearned
and which Pater tried to recapture was his, and
readable of the ancients, Lucian.
admirable was the use he made of it.
The little Syrian barbarian, knocking about
It is from Lucian that we really get to know
Asia minor in Median doublet, made of him-
self by the assimilation of good literature not
the world of Plutarch and Dio and Marcus
merely a Greekling but a Greek; and verified
Aurelius, of Herodes Atticus, Aulus Gellius, and
again, five hundred years after it was uttered,
Fronto, of Justin, Minucius Felix, Athenagoras
Isocrates' boost that Atticism is not a racial in-
and Celcus, of Apollonius of Tyana and Alex-
heritance, but a spiritual initiation.
ander of Abonoteichos. The fume, the din, the
The average college graduate knows Lucian
opulence of the world's capital, the splendors
chiefly, if not solely, as the author of those lively hanger-on in a great Roman house, the academ:
and miseries of the life of the Greek literary
and much imitated skits, the ‘ Dialogues of the
Dead' and the 'Dialogues of the Gods.' But
ic peace and still air of delightful studies of
even the general reader may learn how much
Athens, the literary coteries, author's readings,
more he was, from no more recondite sources
and second-century clubs of every provincial
than Froude's 'Short Studies,' Pater's “Marius
centre of culture from Ephesus to Pella and
the Epicurean,' Mr. Lang's 'Letters to Dead
Marseilles, the establishment of a new Zion and
Authors,' Renan's 'Marcus Aurelius,' and, last
institute of divine healing in Paphlagonia, the
but not least, Professor Gildersleeve's witty misguided Christians who do not fear death be-
character-sketch and the brilliant introduction
cause they believe their souls immortal and are
to Miss Emily James Smith's 'Selections.'
so easily duped because they esteem all men
Beginning as a perhaps briefless barrister and
brothers, the philosophic side-shows and con-
itinerant extension lecturer in the flamboyant | Elis to the Olympic Games; gorgeous dinners
gresses of religion that fill the midway from
conceited manner of the so-called new Sophistic of the smart set at Rome, wedding suppers and
or revived Atticism of the second century, his
maturing taste gradually outgrew his tolerance
banquets of philosophers terminating in the ex-
of the pettiness of chicane and the trivialities
tinction of the lights and the intervention of
of the schools. It amuses him to represent this
the watch; a slanging match between an agnos-
process of growth as a conversion a putting
tic and a Stoic philosopher in the Painted
away of his old mistress Rhetoric, who had
Porch; Thessalian witches practising weird in-
raised him to affluence, and a taking up with a
cantations on the unwary traveller in remote
new saucy companion, Dialogus the son of Phi-
wayside inns; fanatic fakirs purging this mortal
losophy; and commentators have taken his allu-
dross by burning themselves alive in the pres-
sions to it as seriously as the coming New Zea-
ence of gaping admirers; great Roman dames
lander will take Matthew Arnold's account of
setting out for their summer villas with ladies'
the affecting circumstances attending his own
maids, curled dancing-masters, pet puppies and
conversion from Philistinism.
bearded Greek philosophers in their train; the
Taking his motifs now from the wildest cynic in begging friars' garh howling his con-
flights of Aristophanic imagination, now from
tempt for the vanity of the world; the stately
the character studies and nicely discriminated
Platonist Ion who sees further into the theory
types of the new comedy, now from the racy
of ideas than any living man, and whose pres-
prose and poetry jumble of the cynical Menip-
ence in purple robe at a social function is as
pean satire, Lucian's lively genius compounded
the Epiphany of a god,—such are some of the
from these elements, and the prose of Plato,
scenes and types portrayed in vivid panorama,
Herodotus, and Demosthenes, perhaps the only
a few of the facets of the ever-shifting kaleido-
scope.
• THE WORKS OF LUCIAN OF
Translated
Lucian, however, is more than an incompar-
by H. W. and F. G. Fowler. In four volumes. New
York: Oxford University Press.
able show-master. He knows the inner intel-
SAMOSATA.


234
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
lectual and moral life of his time, can make that his work was essentially negative and de-
every type of Greek and Roman, of philosopher, structive. The question is, was the work well
charlatan, visionary, professor and student, not done? Lucian's genius and the conditions of
only appear and speak, but think in character. his time called him to the task of negative
And so it comes that he has a meaning if not a satire. Sophocles was more fortunate, and was
message for us. The century which he depicts born to a happier spiritual inheritance. But
so vividly bears a startling resemblance to the Lucian acted magnificently his part, and there
age of Comtism, Mormonism, Darwinism, all the honor lies.
Christian Science, and the religion of humanity, As for his levity, if we 'clear our minds of
- the age of the Parliament of Religions and cant' (whether with small c or large K) we
the Society for Psychical Research. The con shall have to acknowledge that Lucian's attitude
quest of the globe by modern science and indus more nearly resembles the habitual temper of
trialism was lacking. But the superposition of the intellectual leaders of our own time than
the Pax Romana and the white highways of the does the cosmic emotion and the pathological
Roman legions on the crazy-quilt of nations, introspection of Marcus Aurelius, which in their
from the Euphrates to the Tyne, was a virtual exalted moods they celebrate as the absolute re-
equivalent in its effect on the imagination of ligion. The fact that the Hermotimus is emi-
the man in the street. Then, as now, a thin nently readable does not prevent it from being
veneer of cosmopolitan culture imperfectly pro one of the most conclusive statements ever made
tected an educated class dizzy with indiges- of man's incapacity for absolute metaphysics.
tion of unassimilated philosophies, from the
Lucian's levity towards the Stoicham and Pla-
infatuations of a populace distracted by the tonism of his time is precisely on a par with the
pretensions of nascent and moribund religions shallowness of modern critics who refuse to
and bewildered by the conflicting traditions of take seriously the neo-Hegelian and neo-Kan-
juxtaposed but unmingling peoples. Lucian's tian survivals and revivals of to-day. His super-
types, of which he fully perceives the typical ficiality is that of Anatole France, of Le Maitre,
significance, are so astonishingly pertinent and
of Scherer, and of Renan, who justly pronounces
up to date that the interpreter lies under the him not only the most charming but the most
suspicion of interpolating modern touches for solid intelligence of his age.
effect. The rise of the religion of Alexander the Lucian is now definitively added to English
false prophet--of Abonoteichos, the conversation literature, and the English reader may seek the
on Phantasms of the Living in the sick cham decision of these controversies for himself, - or,
ber of old Eucrates in which dignified profes- what is perhaps better, merely read him for
sors of philosophy vie with one another in the human pleasure. The translation is admirably
encouragement of the recrudescence of wonder, executed in the freer manner of Jowett's Plato,
the epistle to an illiterate book-fancier, the ac as opposed to the slightly archaic vocabulary
count of the career of the fakir Peregrine, could and decalcomaniac fidelity of Munro's Lucre-
easily be adapted with slight changes of local tius, Myers's Pindar, and Lang, Leaf, and My-
color to the latitude of Chicago, New York, ers's Iliad. The Greek periods are broken up into
Cambridge, or Oxford.
short crisp sentences. The fair general mean-
As offsets to all Lucian's wit and cleverness, ing rather than the precise verbal turn of the
it is customary to urge the monotony of his original is reproduced. And the whole reads
‘ everlasting no,' the levity of his scepticism, as an English original rather than as a transla-
the shallowness of the unsympathetic psychology tion. Whatever the hazards of this method in
that makes no allowance for the possible sincer the case of Plato, where great issues may hinge
ity of Sludge the medium. Much could be said on the precise connotation of a word, and a
in defense or attenuation, did space permit. It caprice of Jowett's pen create the legend of
is perfectly idle for men who 'do things,' and Plato's golden rule, it is certainly the best way
not infrequently do them wrong, to attempt to to render the delightful but slightly tauto-
suppress negative and
and satirical criticism, logous fluency of Lucian. In the application
whether in Lucian, Matthew Arnold, or the of it, the present translators are apparently
New York ‘ Evening Post.' Construction and guided by a nicer sense of the true values of the
affirmation may be two-thirds or three-fourths Greek than Jowett possessed — or exercised.
of life, and may be the pleasanter task. But a In spite of the liberties they allow themselves,
good fraction remains for the indispensable it is rarely that a point is missed or a false note
business of obstruction, destruction, and nega struck. Idiom is rendered by idiom, proverb
tion. Without it, hot-headed bunglers and cold by proverb, and literary allusions, quotations,
blooded speculators on the folly and weakness and technicalities of law, philosophy, or art are
of humanity would have the world all their neatly turned by apt analogues. They sound
own way. A man is not disposed of by the cavil every note in Lucian's compass, from the mock-


1905.]
235
THE DIAL
ray edition.
heroic serio-satiric eloquence of the Nigrinus, Lord Byron,' containing no new matter, but
the angry contempt of the False Prophet and consisting of classified excerpts from his letters
the Death of Peregrine, the inexhaustible in and journals, taken from the voluminous Mur-
ventive and imaginative verve of that “Mid-
summer Night's Dream,' the True History,' Although it cannot be said that any or all
to the solemn trilling of the Fly -- an appre of these books have created the expected
ciation, the great case of Sigma vs. Tau, and 'Byron revival,' yet they do furnish the ma-
the demonstration by Socratic induction in the
terial for a better understanding of a very
* Parasite that dining out is better than contradictory character as a man, and incident-
dining. They have even achieved the tour de ally some explanation of the vicissitudes of his
force of making intelligible to the English reputation as a poet. The editor of these Con-
reader such curiosities as the “Purist Purized fessions' is Mr. W. A. Lewis Bettany. The
and 'Lexiphanes' or The Phrase Monger.'
or The Phrase Monger.' | fact that he has previously edited in similar
It is a pity that they have omitted, presumably fashion the "Table-Talk of Dr. Johnson
from deference to what scornful Germans call plainly serves to account for the somewhat
the unaccountable English prudery, that deli- surprising subject of his introduction, On
cious parody of Herodotus, the treatise 'On the Byron's Obligation to Johnson’ - an obliga-
Syrian Goddess."
PAUL SHOREY.
tion which, after all, is too casual to receive
the prominence here given to it. The selections
are classified under six heads, and deal with
Byron's reflections on himself, on contempor-
LORD BYROX SELF-REVEALED.*
ary English poets, on his friends; also with
his religious views, his opinions concerning the
Whatever one's individual judgment may be drama, and the literary life in general. Ar-
concerning Lord Byron, there is no blinking ranged chronologically, and covering a period
the fact that no poet was ever in his own life of over twenty years, they serve also to show
time so swiftly, so tremendously popular. And the changes of mental attitude which the prog-
not only in his own country, but throughout ress of the years developed in Byron, as they
the world; for the first time an English poet do in all men of thought and experience. Alas
attracted a contemporary European audience, that these revelations of his most intimate
for the first time France and Germany and opinions estrange rather than endear us to
Italy recognized the literature of England. the man! Gladly would we feel toward Byron
But also there is no blinking the other fact as we do toward Shelley, Scott, and Leigh
that when the centenary of this idol of his Hunt, and love the man even as we admire the
times came around (1888) his reputation had poet. On the contrary, we are impressed by
faded to such a degree that scarcely any note his essential unlovableness. Before he had
was taken of it, and his poetry seemed to have reached the age of twenty, he wrote:
sunk into that half-life' which, in sincerity Nature stampt me in the Die of Indifference.
or not, he had himself prophesied for it. I consider myself as destined never to be happy,
The Day
of Judgment set by Matthew although in some instances fortunate. I am an iso-
Arnold has now come, yet who recognizes the
lated Being on the Earth, without a Tie to attach
me to life, except a few School-fellows, and a
fulfillment of the critic's prophesy: 'When score of females. Let me but "hear my fame on
the year 1900 is turned, and our nation comes the winds,” and the song of the Bards in my Nor.
to recall her poetic glories in the century which
man house, I ask no more, and don't expect so
has then just ended, the first names with her
much. Of Religion I know nothing, at least in its
favour. We have fools in all sects and Imposters
will be these --- Wordsworth and Byron.' From in most. I am surrounded here by parsons and
time to time, indeed, a Byron revival has methodists, but, as you will see, not infected with
seemed imminent, and even has been loudly
the mania. I have lived a Deist; what I shall die
proclaimed. It was looked for last year, with
I know not; however, come what may, ridens
moriar.'
the completion of John Murray's definitive
edition in thirteen volumes, which had been
That Byron had a most injudicious mother,
several years in the making; while at the same
is beyond question; that her ungovernable tem-
time the late W. E. Henley was preparing a
per, cruel taunts, and unsympathetic attitude
rival edition for Mr. Heinemann. There has
toward the physical deformity of her brilliant
just been published a complete edition of offspring, embittered his whole life is also
Byron's poems and dramas in the scholarly
doubtless true. Yet withal she had a fierce
. Cambridge series edited by Mr. Bliss Perry'; and spasmodic affection for him which ought
and now we have a book called ' Confessions of
to have shielded her from his habitual refer-
ence to her as 'Clytemnestra,' or from such a
THE CONFESSIONS OF LORD BYRON. Arranged by W.
letter as this, written after months of separa-
A. Lewis Bettany. London : John Murray. Imported by
Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.
tion and from a far-distant land :


236
[Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
I am
me-
'I trust you like Newstead and agree with your rical air to everything he said or did, cap-
neighbors; but you know you are a vixen-is not
that a dutiful appellation? Pray, take care of my
tivated his contemporaries. It threw a certain
books and several boxes of papers in the hands of
glamour over his personality, which shows up
Joseph; and pray leave me a few bottles of cham a bit dingy under our modern electric light.
pagne to drink, for I am very thirsty;— but I do He loves to tell that his 'Lara' was written
not insist on the last article without you like it.
I suppose you have your house full of silly women,
while undressing after coming home from
prating scandalous things.'
balls and masquerades in the year of revelry
The only relative that Byron ever really 1814'; he protested that he liked living ro-
loved was his half-sister Augusta. In his
mances better than writing them, and that he
letters to her, or in the journal which he kept preferred the society of gentlemen to that of
for her during his foreign travels, he is to be
literary men; he indulged in alternate absti-
seen at his gentlest and best, although seldom
nence and voracity in the use of food and
even there free from his gloomy and continual
drink; he professed an indifference verging on
self-consciousness. After a tour of thirteen
hostility to some things which commonly de-
days among the Swiss Alps, he writes:
light mankind, such as music and pictures. Of
a lover of Nature and an admirer of
his love affairs he is never tired of making
Beauty. I can bear fatigue and welcome priva-
scenes and sensations. Writing in maturity of
tion, and have seen some of the noblest views in
his first love affair (at the age of eight) he
the world. But in all this — the recollections of
says:
bitterness, and more especially of recent and more
home desolation which must accompany me through
My misery, my love for that girl, were so vio-
life, have preyed upon me here; and neither the
lent that I sometimes doubt if I have ever been
music of the Shepherd, the crashing of the Ava-
really attached since. Be that as it may, hearing
lanche, nor the torrent, the mountain, the Glacier,
of her marriage several years after was like a
the Forest, nor the Cloud have for one moment
thunder-stroke - it nearly choked - to the
lightened the weight upon my heart, nor enabled
horror of my mother and the astonishment and al-
me to lose my own wretched identity in the majesty,
most incredulity of everybody.'
and the power and the Glory, around above and be His first dash into poetry was with his sec-
neath me,
I am past reproaches; and there is a
ond love-affair — at the age of twelve.
time for all things.
To you, dearest
Augusta I send and for you I have kept this record
On the principal question, why Byron's
of what I have seen and felt. Love me, as you poetry fails to please to-day as it pleased our
are beloved by me.'
grandfathers and grandmothers, we do not
Another fact which must always weigh get much light, nor could it be expected, from
against Byron is his falseness. He was abso
this book of Confessions. The answer is to
lutely without loyalty, either in love or friend be sought rather in a consideration of a some-
ship. Professing great attachment to Shelley, what new demand now made upon poetry, as a
he yet listened to damaging stories which he revelation of truth and a spiritual and moral
knew to be untrue and then failed to fulfill insight. But on the secondary question, why
his promise to exhibit the evidence which would even when admired as poet he is still not be-
have fully exculpated the accused. Byron, and loved as man, there is much illumination. The
Byron only, had it in his power to reverse one
answer is, ---because he was personally self-
of the most cruel of all charges against Shel-
absorbed and untender, because he was false as
ley; yet the letter which would have accomp a friend, and because the theatrical air which
lished this, which he had promised to deliver was so taking in his time now fails to charm
and was under every obligation of honor a more practical and more cynical age.
to deliver, was found still among his papers
ANNA B. McMAHAN.
after his death. He was false also to Leigh
Hunt in the matter of The Liberal,' although
later he made some show of generosity. The
* Confessions' show other, though less flag- THE FRENCH AND ENGLISH IN AMERICA.*
rant instances; in
one letter
there is
The sixth and seventh volumes of The
acknowledgement of his own limitations in American Nation' series cover the period
loyalty.
from the accession of William and Mary to
As to friendship, it is a propensity in which my the Peace of Paris. The editor of the coöper-
genius is very limited. I do not know the male
ative history of which these volumes form a
human being, except Lord Clare, the friend of my
infancy, for whom I feel anything that deserves the part deserves congratulation upon the success
name. All of my others are men-of-the-world friend with which the process of linking,' which
ships. I did not feel it even for Shelley, however here is so very necessary, has been carried out.
much I admired and esteemed him; so that you see Considered separately, either volume would
not even vanity could bribe me into it, for, of all
men, Shelley thought highest of my talents, and * THE AMERICAN NATION: A History. Edited by Albert
perhaps of my disposition.'
Bushnell Hart. Vol. VI., Provincial America, by Evarts
Vol. VII., France in America, by Reuben Gold
Byron's delight in posing, in giving a theat Thwaites. Illustrated. New York: Harper & Brothers.
B. Greene.


1905.)
287
THE DIAL
seem incomplete. Professor Greene's Provin mark that 'It is hardly possible even now
cial America,' for example, tells us of the first to write a history which can be called in any
two wars between France and England; while sense definitive; certainly no such claim is
King George's War and the French and Indian made for the present work,' he has given us
War form the theme of ‘France in America, a helpful and suggestive book.
by Dr. R. G. Thwaites. The division has been The opening chapter presents a very satis-
skilfully accomplished; and repetition, which factory résumé of the conditions at the time of
might have marred the endeavor, has been re the Revolution of 1689; with due attention to
duced to the lowest terms.
the racial elements, religious differences, and
As we have suggested, that which most of economic occupations which made up
American
all connects the two books is the theme of life. In contrast with the older policy, which
military and political history. We have long was to leave to private hands responsibility for
since_ ceased to look upon these wars between both economic and governmental administra-
the French and the English as separate un- tion, and to permit a larger number of small
related events, or as merely a part of American governments with little or no parliamentary
history. Instead, we recognize in them but control, the new policy in the latter days of
phases of a world-struggle between the two the Stuarts was to substitute royal provinces
great civilizations of Western Europe, between for parliamentary, and where possible for the
Roman Catholic France and Protestant Eng- elective or corporate system; to consolidate
land. Sir John Seeley has shown us that the wherever occasion offered, and to deny repre-
preparation for them begins not with Louis sentation to the inhabitants. The Great Revo-
XIV. and William III., but with Queen Eliza-lution in England and the subsequent disturb-
beth and Oliver Cromwell monarchs who
ances in America, together with the outbreak
made the self-reliant, unattached, Protestant, of war with France, led to a compromise by
maritime, commercial England. Henceforth, which representation was everywhere allowed,
then, we demand that whoever shall write of and consolidation was reduced to the union of
these events shall do so in a large spirit, with several colonies under the same governor. The
something of the dash and vigor of the events change from the other forms to the royal prov-
themselves. This may be said of Professor ince was, however, put into effect by the new
Greene's account; but more especially is it government, so that by 1691 no less than five
true of Professor Thwaites's, as he recounts to of the twelve colonies had been modelled after
burg; of Washington's expedition to the Ohio that he dissatisfaction of all concerned with
country, of Braddock's failure, and, finally, the ensuing state of things led to further regu-
of the duel between Montcalm and Wolfe. lation by the government, and now, more
When we turn from the tie of military his- especially by Parliament. The Navigation Act
tory which binds these books together, to the of 1696 and other legislation resulted. This
characteristics which give to each its individu- legislation was not limited merely to commerce,
ality, our task becomes harder. By far the but included the Piracy Act of 1700, the Cur-
larger part of 'Provincial America' deals not rency Act of 1707, and the Post Office Act of
with war, but with the constitutional and 1710. Moreover, besides this lawmaking, the
social history of the Colonies in the first half organs of administration were improved by the
of the eighteenth century.
Thus we have a establishment of the New Board of Trade, by
continuation of Professor Andrews's 'Colonial increasing the supervision of colonial legisla-
Self-government. But there is this difference tion, by strengthening judicial control, by in-
between the problems which faced Professor sisting on the right of appeal to the Privy
Andrews and these which Professor Greene has Council in England, and finally by direct at-
met: the earlier period is one which has been tack on the colonial charters. On the other
worked over and over. Doyle, for example, hand, colonial dissatisfaction expressed itself
carried his work through the seventeenth cen in vigorous resistance, and resulted in the sub-
tury; and so, in a different way, did John stitution of a uniformity in the opposition of
Fiske. The Revolutionary period, likewise, has colonial assemblies to the governors which was
been well handled; but the interval which entirely lacking in the earlier period. In-
separates this from the seventeenth century has fluenced by the course of politics abroad, pay-
by many writers been slurred over. Mono- ing close regard to such acts as the Habeas
graphs have been written in great numbers - Corpus and the Toleration Act, always willing
though even more are needed, we think-but to learn a lesson from the now nearly autono-
there has been a distinct lack of some con mous corporations to the East, all the English
structive work to organize this scattered infor-colonies, no matter what their form, tended
mation. This labor Professor Greene has at- toward constitutional government and democ-
tempted; and, anticipating criticism by his re-
racy.


238
[Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
Following this is an interesting and fair- and the mercantile system of Great Britain
minded chapter upon the ecclesiastical relations is left entirely unclear.
between Puritans and Anglicans, 1689-1714. These seem to us to constitute some weak-
Next come the chapters on the French wars, nesses in the latter part of ‘Provincial Amer-
to which reference was made above. As these ica.' On the other hand, Professor Greene has
possess less distinction than the other parts of given us an excellent sketch of Georgia, has
the work, we proceed at once to the latter half described satisfactorily Walpole’s régime and
of the book, in which are discussed imperial | the Molasses Act, has recognized the indi-
policy and administration to 1742 and provin- viduality of some colonial leaders whose names
cial politics throughout the same period, pro- usually have been allowed to pass unnoticed,
vincial leaders, immigration and expansion, the and, above all, has blazed the way into a
founding of Georgia, and provincial industry, difficult field, making it much easier for future
commerce, and culture.
writers to follow him. Surely, we owe him
In this part of the work the results seem to thanks.
us less satisfactory. Undoubtedly this is due
in large measure to the necessity for compres-
While Professor Greene has dealt with a
sion and to the confused nature of the events limited period of time and a widely scattered
and circumstances which are chronicled. But number of topics, Dr. Thwaites's work covers
we feel also that Professor Greene does not nearly three centuries and has a unity deter-
show that intimate acquaintance with the mined by the events themselves. Facile prin-
sources which is evident in his treatment of the ceps among the American writers of this gen-
earlier period. Did space permit, this criticism eration who have made the French colonization
might be elaborated at length; but we are of America their field of study, Dr. Thwaites
forced to mention only a very few points. in this volume sums up the results of many
First, there is no satisfactory reference to the years devoted to the special investigation of
constitutional experiences of any other English his subject. Again in contrast with the dearth
colonies than those on the coast: whereas much of constructive work upon English America,
may be learned, by comparison, from the his-the twelve volumes of Parkman have told the
tory of Jamaica, for example. The handling story of New France, and the magni nom-
of internal affairs in New England scems some-
inis umbra still abides. But many years
what disjointed; and the picture of New Eng- have passed since Parkman wrote, and it is,
land life and thought is not as clear as one
indeed, well to have Professor Thwaites re-
would like. No one could gather from Profes- capitulate the results of recent criticism and
sor Greene's account an accurate idea of the fresher scholarship.
circumstances which preceded the Great Awak As we have suggested at the beginning of
ening (p. 321).
this review, the struggles known as King
Again, though this relates to the earlier George's War and the French and Indian War
chapters, the account of politics in Pennsyl- form the central theme of this volume. These
vania leaves practically untouched the inter ten chapters make up more than half the book,
esting constitutional experiments of that col- and constitute an account of this famous duel
ony, and does not mention the formation in which will not soon be superseded. There is
1702, by the lower countries on the Delaware, appended a short chapter upon Spanish rule in
of a separate assembly. In the southern colo- Louisiana, from 1762 to 1803. Thus barely
nies where the colonial archives remain largely one hundred pages are left for the whole period
unprinted, Professor Greene's treatment is still before 1740. The author begins at the very
less satisfactory. In Maryland, notwithstand-beginning, and describes to us the processes
ing Dr. Steiner's exhaustive monograph, we which built up New France, the Acadian
have no adequate aecount of the restoration of frontier, and Louisiana. This story of foun-
the Proprietary Government. Nothing is said dations is unfortunately compressed, and much
about the influence of German immigration detail -- we might say almost all detail - is
into this colony, although it was very largely omitted. The narrative of Coligny's attempts
this which drew Maryland away from the at colonization in the South is dismissed in
southern colonies and made her a farming as a few lines, and one has to turn back to Pro-
well as a planting state. Reference is made to fessor Bourne's 'Spain in America' for the
the improvement of tobacco in Maryland by the full account. The structure of the trading
inspection law of 1747, but nothing is said of companies is scantily treated. The name of
the similar conditions in Virginia or of the Colbert does not appear in the Index, nor an
inspection laws beginning in 1730 which served account of his nursing of Canada, between
as a model to the Marylanders. Finally, the 1664 and 1683, in the text. Again, hardly
interesting connection between this legislation enough is said of the settlement and develop-


1905.]
239
THE DIAL
ment of the French West Indies. On the other under the general editorship of Mr. Cyril
hand, a spirited narrative describes the exploits Davenport of the British Museum. A high
of La Salle and Tonty, of Iberville and Bien- standard of excellence is set in this book: it can-
ville. We are made to see how Fleuri and not fail to take rank at once as the authoritative
Walpole both wished peace but were driven to work upon the subject of which it treats.
war by the Spanish interest, how Vernon failed The field covered by Mr. Maskell is a wide
at Cartagena, and how Anson won a brilliant one, --- too wide, in fact, to be treated with
name by his exploits in the Pacific. We equal thoroughness throughout by any one per-
then come again to the war period, and by the son. Nevertheless, the shortcomings of his book
comparison are led once more to wish that
are surprisingly few, and are trivial when
Dr. Thwaites had been able to give as full weighed against the very obvious merits. Aside
treatment to the earlier part of his work. from a few points that are open to difference of
In closing, we wish to lay special emphasis opinion, the chief thing that might perhaps be
upon two excellent characteristics of this work. criticised is the scope of the work itself. Such
The first is the wealth of geographical knowl-criticism, however, is disarmed by the pains
edge which is exhibited both in the text and in which the author has taken to obviate, as far as
the excellent maps. The second is the spirit he might, the tendency to incompleteness of
of wise, unprejudiced sympathy which pervades view arising from the limitation of his theme.
the work, and which is nowhere better dis- Considering the closeness of the relation of art-
played than in the chapter on 'The People of work in ivory to other branches of glyptic art,
New France. Here, sharply criticising the mis-
- if, indeed, mere difference in material (as,
taken autocratic rule of France, through gov- for example, that between ivory and wood) can
ernor, intendant, and bishop, the lack of any be said to constitute a separate branch, - a
self government, and the reign of graft which treatise devoted exclusively to ivories would of
corrupted the whole official system, Dr. necessity seem to involve a partial and insuffi-
Thwaites stops to pay a merited tribute to the cient presentation of the subject. Nor does the
clergy, the Jesuits, Recollects, Sulpicians, and difficulty end here. True connoisseurship calls
Capuchiens. It is not necessary to be a
for comprehensive knowledge, including in its
Catholic, nor is it essential that from the purview all things whatsoever which in any way
standpoint of the twentieth century we should
throw light upon the objects under considera-
endorse the wisdom of its every act in the tion. This appears to be well understood by
eighteenth, most profoundly to admire the Mr. Maskell, as his frequent references to cog-
work of the Church of Rome both among nate works in various fields attest. The man-
whites and savages in New France. American agement of this side of his topic was not the
history would lose much of its welcome color
least difficult part of his task. Manifestly, he
were there blotted from its pages the pic-could touch but cursorily upon anything lying
turesque and often thrilling story of the Curés
outside his immediate subject; else not one
and friars of Canada in the French régime.'
volume, but many volumes, would have been
ST. GEORGE L. SIOUSSAT.
required. What was necessary was to indicate
sufficiently that his survey is inclusive, and that
the opinions expressed rest upon a far wider
foundation than the study, however intimate, of
IVORY CARVINGS, OLD AND NEW.* ivories alone, or even chiefly, could give. For
Although the ivory carvings which have come
ivory carving is only a phase; it is not a thing
down to our day from ancient times have en-
of itself apart. It does not even call for much
gaged the attention of numerous critics and technical knowledge not possessed by the car-
archæologists for more than two centuries, the
vers of other materials. Yet, partly as the re-
voluminous literature which has grown up
sult of chance, it occupies a place of importance
about them is for the most part made up of
in the history of art, of which, in a way, it
monographs on special objects, or classes of furnishes a sort of epitome; almost the only
objects, and critical papers concerning them. existing remains of European art work during
The first compendious account in any lan-
some of the early centuries of the Christian era
guage of the progress of ivory carving being ivory sculptures.
throughout the world's history is furnished
It is but natural that the author's predilec-
by Mr. Alfred Maskell in his treatise on
tion for ivories should lead him to hold a some-
* Ivories, published in the 'Connoisseur's
what exaggerated notion of their intrinsie
Library' a series of art books now appearing he says, “ in which the refined taste of the great
beauty. "Ivory would seem to be a medium,'
By Alfred Maskell, F.S.A. Illustrated.
sculptors of Greece must have delighted.' De-
(The Connoisseur's Library.) New York: G. P. Putnam's
spite the use of ivory in chryselephantine
>
• IVORIRS.
Sons,


240
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
statues by Phidias and Praxiteles, of which the iridescence of opal.' Still others resemble
history speaks, this statement can be accepted in turquoise so closely as to require a chemical test
a limited sense only. That ivory is a beautiful to determine their true character.
substance, cannot be gainsaid; yet artists and Each of the nineteen chapters of this book
art-lovers capable of appreciating the finer might well claim the attention of the reviewer
qualities in works of art find it as a material too were space available for such extended com-
pretty. It lends itself to delicacy and refine- ment. One of the most important is that de-
ment of a certain sort, but not readily to the voted to the so-called consular diptychs. When
dignity and strength that noble works must formed of two leaves, the wax-covered writing-
have. That the Greek sculptors should have tablets in common use in Europe until modern
failed to perceive this, is beyond the bounds of times were termed diptychs. The back of each
probability. By the Japanese, the essential leaf was 'slightly hollowed out, leaving a raised
weakness of works carved from ivory is well margin to hold a very thin layer of wax, the
understood. Neither vigor of conception nor surface of which was colored, usually black or
tour de force in execution can quite do away green, so that the letters scratched upon it with
with the prettiness. Effects far more bold and the metallic style might appear white and be
rugged can be got from wood. The ease with easily legible.' For several centuries such tab-
which minute detail can be carved in ivory is lets specially made to order from the finest ivory
also a pitfall. And so, in spite of their unde- obtainable, and often elaborately carved and
niable beauty, the works of the post-renaissance sometimes otherwise embellished, were fre-
ivory sculptors, with rare exceptions, fail to quently used by the Roman Consuls, upon their
yield quite the same degree of æsthetic pleasure accession to that exalted rank, for presentation
as do the comparatively crude and naïve per to other high dignitaries. The few leaves of
formances of their fellow-craftsmen of the dark these consular diptychs that have survived
ages. No doubt, much of the cachet of the until our day are all in public collections, where
earlier works is due to a finer and truer sense of they are highly treasured. In what he has to
composition; but apart from this, their direct say about these and the closely-related early
ness and simplicity give them a distinction Christian and Byzantine ivories, as also about
rarely achieved by the more elaborate works of reliquaries, crucifixes, pastoral staves, bishops
modern times.
chairs, and other ecclesiastical accessories, Mr.
The book opens with an interesting and in Maskell writes with the authority of a scholar
structive introductory chapter. This is fol conversant with all the ramifications of his sub-
lowed by one on prehistoric ivories. Here theject. He is equally at home in discussing the
author, in his desire to be comprehensive, strays, ivory-worker's art as practiced in Europe in
it would seem, somewhat beyond bounds, and modern times, and its application to chessmen,
into a field that he has not thoroughly explored. draughtsmen, furniture, musical instruments,
The pieces of bone with drawings upon them, weapons, and various other things. A large num-
said to have been found in ancient cave-dwell ber of the more important pieces in European
ings, may perhaps be classed as ivories, but not collections are described in some detail.
as ivory sculptures. As to the piece of a rein When he turns to the Orient, the author's
deer's antler carved to represent the head and information is not so wide, nor is so much of it
shoulders of an ibex, which is figured on plate at first-hand. The chapter on China and Japan,
I, it is so far beyond any well attested accomp- though it contains no serious errors, is the weak-
lishment of barbaric man that it is impossible est in the book. It is chiefly taken up with net-
not to wonder at the author's credulity in ac sukes, concerning which he admits that in the
cepting it as genuine; more especially as he opinion of many connoisseurs (and of all Japa-
refers, further on, to the fact that there has nese, though he does not say so) the wooden
been a not inconsiderable output of spurious ones are best; but there are considerations,
things of the kind which profess to have been he thinks, which, 'other things being equal,"
discovered
in the caves of the Dor- ought to make us prefer the ivory ones! Of the
dogne, to which locality this piece is attributed. okimono of recent years, though some of them
The author is on surer ground in the next chap are of rare merit, he has nothing to say, except
ter, which deals with ivories from the ruins of that the finest ones are quite modern.' His
Nineveh and from ancient Egypt. Many of orthography of Japanese names is not im-
these have been so changed in their outward peccable. The occurrence of Shintu' and
appearance as to be unrecognizable as ivory by Shintuism' on the same page with Shinto, the
the untrained observer. Some pieces, we are
correct form, is a blunder that is especially
told, are hardly to be distinguished from noticeable because the book is unusually free
ebony; others resemble basalt, slate, fossilized from such mistakes.
wood, sandstone, wax, or even possess almost The range and variety of the information


1905.]
241
THE DIAL
scattered throughout the book is very great. In his Introduction the author explains that
One item which should perhaps be noted here his work is based primarily upon the material
is the extent of the importation of ivory into which M. Masson has published in Napoléon
Europe. In 1900 it represented no less than Inconnu' and M. Chuquet in ‘La Jeunesse de
30,000 slain elephants. For billiard-balls alone, Napoléon. The labors of M. Chuquet espe-
the London dealers require tusks from 5,000 cially have added much to what has been known
elephants annually. The wonder is that the of the military schools of the old régime and of
supply has not long ago given out entirely. Col the organization of the army just before the
lectors and students will appreciate the chapter Revolution. M. Chuquet has also thrown a
on forgeries, coloring and staining, artificial good deal of light into the confusions of Cor-
ivory, and other matters of interest. The book sican politics, but Mr. Browning confesses that
is made serviceable by an ample index, a bib it is still difficult to form a satisfactory judg-
liography, lists of ivories, with a table giving ment about several incidents in which Napo-
their origin, date, dimensions, and present leon had a share, because we do not know
ownership, and also by the very full and excel enough about Corsican manners and customs.'
lent illustrations for which the collotype process The account of the military schools at Brienne
has been used with most satisfying results. A and at Paris gives a remarkably clear view of
minor defect is the omission in the text of ref Napoleon's opportunities for intellectual prepa-
erences to the plates. This is unfortunate, since ration. Incidentally, it appears that the morals
it makes it troublesome for the reader to collate of the boys at Brienne were in a deplorable
the descriptions of objects with the representa- state, and this, in Mr. Browning's opinion, ex-
tions of them that are given. And it is made plains the fact that for some time Napoleon
more aggravating by wrong attributions to the held aloof from his fellow students. In the
plates in the list of ivories intended to supply
supply Ecole Militaire at Paris, the moral tone was
the deficiency. For instance, wherever an object better. In spite of his original aversion for his
is said to be illustrated on plate VII., it will be fellow-students at Brienne, he seems to have
found on plate V., and vice versa. But, as has lavished promotion upon several of them years
been said before, the faults of the book are ex later when power came into his hands. His
ceedingly slight. It is handsomely printed, teachers also were richly rewarded. Unhappily,
light in the hand for so large a volume, and the one of these was Pichegru, whose reward
appeal it makes to the eye is not belied on closer chanced to be a tragic death as a conspirator
acquaintance. FREDERICK W. GOOKIN. against his old pupil.
Were one to read the conclusion of this book
first, the suspicion might be provoked that Mr.
Browning is so warm an admirer of Napoleon
THE YOUTH OF NAPOLEON.*
that the evidence has received the most favor-
No part of Napoleon's life is so difficult to
able interpretation. The words are:
portray as his youth and his military career
'Surely, in his case also, the youth is father of
the man; and twenty-three years spent under the
up to his employment at the siege of Toulon.
most difficult circumstances which could try the
School-days or positions of subordinate com qualities of a character, crowned by high success
mand do not offer scenes adequate to the stag- legitimately gained, are not likely to have been fol.
ing of extraordinary actions. There is some-
lowed by twenty-three other years stained by uni-
versal ambition, reckless duplicity, and an aimless
thing petty and cramping even about the tur-
lust of bloodshed. The contemplation of this la-
moil of Corsica, so that the most serious risk borious and brilliant youth may, perhaps, dispose
run by the young hero is not the assassin's knife Englishmen to look more favourably upon those
or the party guillotine, but coming off with a
epochs of his career when devotion to the interests
belittling reputation. Under the circumstances,
of France made him, for a time, the most formid-
able enemy of our own country.'
the biographer, especially if his knowledge of
the evidence is so complete that he must reject
It is not a little strange that Mr. Browning
the usual legendary material, useful in heightening of ordinary honesty, in Napoleon's explana-
has found no serious lack of honor, to say noth-
ing effects, must tell the story plainly, with
occasionally a generalization hardly borne out
tions of prolonged absence without leave from
by the narrative but testifying to the convic-
his regiment while he was in Corsica fishing in
troubled waters and accomplishing nothing of
ing with his later career. If there is anything advantage except for his own faction. In the
disappointing about such a good piece of work
course of the struggle a law of the Legislative
Assembly recalled to their regiments all volun-
as Mr. Browning's, this is the reason.
teer officers below the rank of lieutenant-colonel.
• NAPOLEON: THE FIRST PHASE. Some Chapters on the
To save himself from a forced return to France,
Boyhood and Youth of Bonaparte, 1769-1793.
Browning. M.A. With portraits. New York: John Lane Co. Napoleon became a candidate for the position
By Oscar


242
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
are
of second lieutenant-colonel in a Corsican bat ex-School-Committee Woman' contain sensible
talion of volunteers. One of the three commis suggestions on common-school education and edu-
sioners who were to preside at the election was cators, including a protest against the modern
to lodge at the house of a rival. Napoleon method of dispensing with text-books and mak-
sent a friend to bring this commissioner by force ing the teacher and the blackboard and the note-
to his own house. He said to him, “I desired
book take their place. A little more training of
the child in the use of printed books, a little less
that you should be free; you are not free with
the Peraldi; here you are at home.' Possibly mind of the pupil, and thus a good deal less
educing of the subject matter out of the vacant
this was a reminiscence of the way the Parisians labor and discouragement on the teacher's part,
rendered Louis XVI. 'free' by forcibly remov advocated. The present-day constipated
ing him to Paris. Mr. Browning gravely dis course of study, embracing various matters un-
cusses the question whether Napoleon's act of dreamt-of by those Hallowell youths and maid-
violence accounted for his election as second ens, is also deprecated. In 'The Browning Tonic'
lieutenant-colonel. Mr. J. H. Rose, another
an inspiriting word is spoken for the bracing in-
Englishman who has recently written on Napo-posed to welcome each rebuff that turns earth?s
fluence of Browning's verse. Mrs. Dunn is dis-
leon with the same material before him, calls
smoothness rough,' and she avails herself of this
it his first coup.' A comparison with Mr.
text to have a little fling at peace congresses and
Rose's conclusions in several other cases shows
at the attitude of the American people-- too
how favorable are Mr. Browning's interpreta large a proportion of them at least - toward the
tions of evidence. Upon the disputed question Cuban war.' To her this unmartial attitude
of Napoleon's share in the plan of campaign'illustrates the deterioration of fibre which is
against Toulon, Mr. Browning also adopts the the result of an unstrenuous standard. From her
view that it was Napoleon who first pointed out point of view, and to one bearing in mind the
the strategic value of the peninsula of L’Eguil-perilously narrow dividing line between concilia-
lette. Except in one or two instances like this,
tion and cowardice, between forbearance and
the author furnishes enough of the evidence to
fear, she is hard to answer. But may there not.
guard the reader against a too ready acceptance osophy of the vexed question, that shall in the.
be a larger, a saner, a still more courageous phil-
of all the inferences.
interests of our common humanity, and of our
In Appendix I. are three of Napoleon's minor spiritual rather than our physical evolution, dare
papers, of which the one on Corsica is the most to brave the taunt of cowardice-a harder thing
interesting in its revelation of the tendencies than to face the enemy's cannon? Mrs. Dunn's
and methods of his thought. His pamphlet, style is delightful. ‘All my world of nature,' she
' Le Souper de Beaucaire,' is analyzed at length, writes, 'is underlaid and permeated by my world
with selected passages, in the body of the book.
of books; all my world of books is sweet with
A second appendix gives several papers, from
vernal breezes and interfused with that something
the British Museum, on the operations at Tou-
“whose dwelling is the light of setting suns, and
lon. Altogether this is an important contribu- sky."
the round ocean and the living air and the blue
tion to the study of Napoleon's early career,
clearing away the accretions of legend and pre-
Gropings in
Under the dubious title, "Science
senting the known facts with satisfactory ful-
and a Future Life' (H. B. Turner
the unknown.
& Co.), a one-time professor of
HENRY E. BOURNE. Ethics and Logic in an important university pre-
sents a résumé of sittings with trance-mediums
and similar data gathered by himself and other
members of the Society for Psychical Research,
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
and points the moral of the tale thus adorned to
Bright essays
Essays republished from the At the hypothesis of communication by disembodied
on various lantic' are more likely than not to spirits. Dr. Hyslop is earnest and able, and de-
themes.
be good reading. Mrs.' Martha sires to be judicious and restrained. He has a
Baker Dunn's "Cicero in Maine, and (eight] logical conscience, and is commendably free from
Other. Essays''(Houghton, Mifflin & Co.) lose dogmatism and propagandism. He presents him-
none of their brightness, their gentle satire, their self as driven by his experience and the 'facts'
quiet humor, by being thus reprinted. The curi to some sort of a spiritistic hypothesis, even
osity-provoking title of the initial chapter refers though the revelations from the beyond prove
to the writer's study of Cicero's 'Catiline' in a trivial and drivelling. Yet the good temper of
class of wide-awake and original youths and his volume cannot shield it from the serious con-
maidens at a high school next door to Augusta, sequences of its offense; and to those who cher-
Maine,-at Hallowell, one infers from internal ish as something precious the reputation of
evidence. Later experience as a copious reader science and the worth and ideals of the votaries
and happy day-dreamer in a college library ap thereof, equally with those who draw from re-
pears to point to Waterville College, now Colby ligious faith a sensitiveness and a healthy-mind-
University, as the scene of action, or inaction, as edness that make for intellectual refinement and
one chooses to call it. "The Meditations of an stability, the volume is nothing less than offensive.
the realm of
ness.


1905.]
248
THE DIAL
More especially is the name of psychology-so tions, one for wild boar; a flower-show in
unfortunately yet inevitably associated with "Cæsar's Garden'; a high-caste native festivity,
psychic research-taken in vain, and, by those memorial service and garden-party combined,'
who know not the true character of that science, the Mohurrum in the Hosein-a-bad; and the wed-
made to appear contemptible. There is a logical
a logical ding of a certain lovely Belinda, whose flirtations
as well as a religious faith; and whatever of in have caused her neighbor much trepidation. Nu-
terest or enlightenment may cling to the conglom merous incidents of the Mutiny are related, in
erate of 'cases' here massed, after we shall be connection with excursions into the town and
informed as to their modus operandi the assump adjoining country. Quite lengthy directions are
tion that they require supernormal hypotheses is given for skinning and mounting birds and ani-
intolerable. In that direction lies, not science, mals, which the hunters generally do for them-
but learned superstition. Naturally, one express selves. There are occasional lapses into reflec-
ing this opinion is called dogmatic, and is invited tions that smack of the school-girl essay, and quo-
to consider how often residual' unexplained phe tations and allusions abound on every page. One
nomena have led to important discoveries. This, suspects that these latter are given from memory,
as well as other analogies that are abused in the without verification, especially when lines from
volume, may be disqualified by a simile, and this Browning's 'Home Thoughts from Abroad' are
must suffice as a commentary upon the logical attributed to Mrs. Browning. The writer also
obliquity that pervades those who research' in has the bad habit of adapting her quotations to
Dr. Hyslop's temper. His attitude is comparable her needs, while still retaining the marks of quo-
to that of a student of human locomotion who re tation. However, in spite of these faults and
gards the actual problems of how men really such others as an awkward style of writing and
walk with material muscles on actual terra firma the lack of a glossary of Indian words, the book
as commonplace, but who is keen for any evi contains a good deal that is of interest in regard
dence of flying (we all fly in dreams), or walking to life and nature in India,
on air or water, or other supernormal accom-
plishments; and who regards his position as mod Philosophy:
Mr. Edmond Holmes's inquiry as
Its meaning
est because he does not propose an ambitious
to 'What is Philosophy?' (John
and history.
soaring in the clouds, but only an occasional
Lane Co.) is not only a distinctly
sporadic case of walking just a few inches above readable little essay, but it is illuminating as well.
the ground. A miracle is not measured by its
It would be hard to find a more persuasive state-
degree, and at the bar of science there are no
ment of a certain way of looking at the task of
mitigating circumstances.
philosophy-a way to which not all philosophers
by any means would give approval, but which
An English
My Garden in the City of Gar will at least, it is likely, open up a new outlook
officer's wife dens' (John Lane Co.) is not at all to many a perplexed reader to whom the word
in Indian
a conventional garden-book. Rath has represented something wholly. vague and
er is it a diary of incidents, reflections, and mem misty in its demarkations, if not a scientific im-
ories, with occasional references to the garden possibility. That the higher realities are not phe-
which the author over-looks as she writes. The nomenal 'fact,' but the things which concern the
scene is Lakhnao, India, and the anonymous 'buried life,' the sub-conscious self of direct
writer is an English captain's wife, whose diary emotional appreciation of meanings; that these
covers a period from October to June, the most objects of faith, incapable of taking the form of
extreme limit of a stay in the plains for ordinary an exact logical system of knowledge, yet need
white folks. So minute are some of the descrip deepening and purifying by the giving of an out-
tions, that one gets a fairly vivid impression of let to the imprisoned waters; and that thought-
the life in that far country, where so many philosophy-is one of the ways of attaining this,
Englishmen are condemned to spend their lives, conduct and poetry being the other two; that
where their devoted wives accompany them, and the method of philosophy is the imagination
where white children, because of the terrible cli working under the supervision of reason to cre-
mate, are almost unknown. The many devices ate an ideal hypothesis that shall provide for the
for mitigating the heat are described, together satisfaction of the heart's desires; that the test
with its effects on man, beast, and vegetation. of philosophic truth' lies finally in its capacity
There are accounts of the social life of the white to be re-absorbed into those depths of uncon-
residents, and of the ways of the dirty natives, scious spirituality in which truth loses itself in
of whose habits one must not think too closely, reality, its value in the quickening it gives to
when so much of life is dependent upon them, this inner life,-these are some of the significant
-for the intense heat is so enervating that it in points of the teaching of the essay, put with real
duc reliance upon the labor of others. In the insight and much felicity of expression. Or, to
Mem-Sahib's garden, the mistress does nothing sum it up in brief, 'The function of Philoso-
herself; she merely stands by and directs her phy is to interpret and justify to man's reason
servants. What energy she has is devoted to the the unconquerable optimism of his heart.'--Mr.
necessary visiting,- for there is much ceremony Raymond St. James Perrin's work entitled 'The
connected with the military service; to riding Evolution of Knowledge' (Baker & Taylor Co.)
in the cool of the day, generally very early in is a review of the history of philosophy-cul-
the morning; and to superintending her house-minating in G. H. Lewes-which is intended to
hold. She describes two or three hunting expedi- / justify the author's own philosophic faith. This


244
(Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
is summed up in the generalization that ultimate tire. She was then but fourteen years old (her
reality is motion, to which mind and matter alike life closed in early womanhood), but she was
are to be reduced, and of which space and time already a very unusual person, with great gifts
are the objective and subjective aspects. As his of observation and expression, a passionate love
tory, the treatment is too scrappy to be of first of all things English, and a total and very en-
rate value, and the author's inability to interpret gaging lack of humor. One can imagine her as
other men's thoughts except in the light of his shy and silent-even among her closest friends,
own scientific dogmatism makes his exposition and more at home with her pen and pencil than
one-sided and at times inaccurate. His construc with them. Every day she wrote her painstaking
tive philosophy would perhaps be more convincing chronicle of what she had seen and heard, mak-
if he had not stopped with assertions, but had at ing the most of the smallest things, and so en-
tempted something in the way of proof, or at abling us, eighty-four years after the entries were
least had given evidence of recognizing the need made, to see a hundred things we had not known
of an adequate analysis of his conceptions. before. We had thought ourselves at home at
Meurice's Hotel, so often have the writers of
More words of
Those who have enjoyed Pastor
the older days taken us hither; but did we know
counsel from Charles Wagner's earlier books
Pastor Wagner. will need no reviewer's commenda-
that the floors were boarded, and the furniture
covered with blue cotton-velvet? Who else has
tion to induce them to read his latest publication,
told us that nearly thirty years after the Terror,
Justice' (McClure, Phillips & Co.), in Miss
the eyes of the Duchesse d'Angonlême 'were red,
Mary Louise Hendee's fluent and apparently care as if she had been crying'? It is some slight
ful translation. Yet it must be admitted that
these new chapters contain little that is essen-
consolation to know that even so long ago, dress-
makers were a disappointing race, although we
tially new to those familiar with the volumes
are not likely to find one so frank as was the
that have preceded. The title cannot be called
Madame who assured Mrs. Browne that 'it was
strikingly apposite, although the spirit of toler-
not her nature to lie, but only her profession.'
ance is in a general way the main theme of the
Surely no lodging-house could hope for tenants
book. 'A disposition to unfairness, bad faith,
now-a-days if there were a great many toad-
and evil-speaking, is abroad in every field,' says
stools in the closet, and an ant’s-nest below the
the author in his preface, 'and a matter over
floor.' Innumerable prim, childish wash-draw-
which men do not contend at daggers drawn, is
ings illustrate the text, and form a valuable
hard to find.' To counteract this evil the little
chronicle of vanishing peasant-types.
book teaches the lesson of sweet reasonableness
and Christian charity. Of patriotism, as distinct
Some modern In 1879, the Hon. William Bross
from chauvinism, or jingoism, we read,-'Just
interpretations of Chicago placed in the hands of
as I honour the memory of my father in the grey of the Bible.
the trustees of Lake Forest Uni-
hair of a stranger, and understand every father's
heart through the tenderness I bear my children,
versity the sum of $40,000, the income of which
should be used for the purpose of stimulating
so do I honour my country in honouring the
country of others. Wherever this respect is
the production of the best books or treatises on
the connection, relation, and mutual bearing of
wanting, the quality of patriotism should be mis-
trusted.' Many equally sensible utterances could
any practical science, or the history of our race,
or the facts in any department of knowledge,
be quoted. But as these excellent booklets of M.
Wagner issue in quick succession from the press,
with and upon the Christian Religion.' The sec-
ond series of lectures on this Bross Foundation
the query will intrude itself, Are such reitera-
tions of good counsel the things most needed by
was delivered in 1904 by Professor Marcus Dods,
of New College, Edinburgh; and they are now
us and most praiseworthy in the writer? Is there
not some danger lest ‘nursed by mealy-mouthed published as Volume II. of 'The Bross Library,
philanthropies,' we divorce the Feeling from
under the title “The Bible: Its Origin and Na-
her mate the Deed'? Are we not perhaps in-
ture' (Scribner). In seven succinct chapters,
dulging just a little too freely in those flaccid
Dr. Dods surveys the troublesome questions that
sublimities so alluring to the imaginative and
fall within his horizon. These problems have as-
emotional seeker for spiritual quickening? With
sumed an entirely different aspect within the last
more time allowed us to ponder and to live up to
quarter-century, due to the marvellous advance
the author's earlier teachings, may it not be bet-
in modern thought and in literary criticism. The
ter for us and work no detriment to the popular
author's liberality of mind and his openness
French preacher's fame in the end!
toward all new advances in theological and bibli-
cal learning are apparent on every page. He
A delightful
Since Marjorie Fleming wrote the exhibits such good sense and candor in turning
girl's diary of ill-spelled pages of her delightful over and over the large problems of biblical criti-
olden time.
journal, no child's diary has been cism, thought evolution, and the practical value
published more fascinating, because none have of Bible truth, that the reader soon follows him
been more unconscious or sincere, than. The Diary as he would a guide who thoroughly understands
of a Girl in France in 1821' (Dutton), in which the road. Dr. Dods treats 'inspiration' and 'mir-
Mary Browne wrote an account of the 121 days acles,' and the historical character of the gospels,
of her life during which she went from her home as one who is in full sympathy both with Gospel
in Cumberland to Paris, and returned to Tallan truth and with the man who is searching for


1905.]
245
THE DIAL
light on these problems. His spirit is not simply Origin and The violin, according to Miss Olga
one of tolerance for the other side of the ques development Racster in her book of 'Chats on
tion, but full of winning power, of persuasive of the violin. Violins' (Lippincott), has reached
ness, and of a reasonableness that is cognizant its present perfection through imitation, or per-
of the best progressive thought of the times. haps heredity; nothing tends to point to the in-
strument as the invention of any one man. From
Music in the A book by Mr. E. W. Naylor, with Mercurie's invention of the lyre played with
spacious times of the queer title 'An Elizabethan a plectrum came the first idea of three or
great Elizabeth. Virginal Book' (Dutton), proves more strings on one instrument. From the mon-
on examination to be a critical essay on the con ochord invented in the third century by Claudes
tents of a manuscript in the Fitzwilliam Museum Ptolemeus came the first idea of a peg by which
at Cambridge. The book is interesting to the to regulate the tension of the strings; from the
student of musical history, as it contains exam Rebec, six centuries later, came the first idea of
ples of every kind of music that was current dur a finger-board, and the foundation of the pitch
ing the Tudor Period in England. Over thirty of the first three strings of the fiddle; from the
composers of the day are represented, and the Crouth came the first idea of the ribs. Finally,
collection is more correctly regarded as a library from the early viols, which first appeared in the
than as a mere book; it contains more direct fifteenth century in Germany, came the crude out-
knowledge of the musical practice of Tudor times line of the violin. Bulky and heavy-looking as
than most of us have of the music of our own were these early viols, yet one can distinctly trace
century. The author states that his work is in in them a noble striving toward the graceful
tended for two distinct classes of readers-first, curves of the perfect Stradivarius form. His-
students of the history of music who have access torical and biographical sketches of Italian and
to the published Fitzwilliam Virginal Book, but German makers are followed by an interesting
have been prevented from giving it the attention chapter on the manner of preserving and playing
it deserves, by reason of its great size and vari the violin; and an appendix is devoted to the life
ous contents; second, students of the Elizabethan and anecdotes of Paganni. Miss Racster's treat-
and Jacobean Drama, who daily increase in ise is clear and concise, and not of such a technical
numbers, and are often at a loss for musical
nature as to burden the ordinary reader.
illustrations such as are necessary for the repre-
sentation of these works on even a humble scale.
Mr. Naylor has shown himself to be more than a
mere antiquarian; while the method of his book
is simple, he appears as an industrious and pains-
NOTES.
taking writer. It is a valuable work of reference, A volume on 'Modern English Literature,' by
for it embodies all that can be required by one Mr. Edmund Gosse, is promised for early publica-
who is desirous of gaining a clear idea of the tion by the Frederick A. Stokes Co.
music of this interesting period.
Mrs. Roger A. Pryor's charming 'Reminiscences
of Peace and War' is published by the Macmillan
Timely studies Of the many books upon China Co. in a new edition, with one or two new chap-
of Chinese life and the Chinese which have been
ters and a number of new illustrations.
and character.
brought out from time to time as "The Menace of Privilege,' by Mr. Henry George,
that particular phase of the ever-recurrent 'East Jr., is announced for issue early in November by
em Question’ has come into special prominence,
thé Macmillan Co. It is said to cover the whole
none is so replete with valuable information with-
ground of social economic conditions in America
to-day.
in small compass as the third volume of Put-
nam's 'Our Asiatic Neighbors' series, on 'Chinese
Volumes on Admiral Farragut and General Sher-
Life in Town and Country,' adapted from the
man, written by Mr. John R. Spears and Mr. Ed.
ward Robins respectively, are soon to appear in the
French of Emile Bard by H. Twitchell. The view-
• American Crisis Series of biographies, published
point of the author is distinctly French, and it by Messrs. George W. Jacobs & Co.
is that of a man of affairs, four years resident in The final volume of the 'Biographical' edition
the country, with abundant opportunities for of Stevenson's works, now in course of publica-
travel, reading, and observation, all of which tion by the Messrs. Scribner, will contain some
have been intelligently improved. Evidently his twenty essays not heretofore included in any but
reading has been chiefly in the work of the French the expensive subscription editions.
missionary, Abbé Huc, which appeared in 1862, Two autumn publications of Messrs. Houghton,
and from which, and the Peking 'Gazette,' the
Mifflin & Co. not heretofore announced are Mr. A.
oldest newspaper in the world, his most extensive
G. Bradley's 'In the March and Borderland of
quotations are made. The book has no air of
Wales,' illustrated by Mr. W. A. Meredith, and a
volume of 'Counsels and Ideals from the Writings
hasty generalization; the chapters, though brief,
of William Osler.'
are full of information, set forth in the clearest
The Johns Hopkins Press will issue immediately
possible manner, and the whole book, despite the
a new and thoroughly revised edition of Professor
strangeness and even repellant character of some
William K. Brooks's book on the American Oyster;
of the Chinese customs, exemplifies the truth of also a new metrical translation, with introduction
the Italian proverb to the effect that all the world and explanatory notes by Professor Paul Haupt,
is like one's own family.
of the Book of Ecclesiastes.


246
[Oct. 16,
THE
DIAL
some
A volume entitled 'In Peril of Change: Essays
Written in Time of Tranquility,' by Mr. C. F. G.
Masterman, an English writer not heretofore known
to American readers, will be published during the
autumn by Mr. B. W. Huebsch of New York.
Mrs. Humphry Ward, it is stated, will pay an
extended visit to this country, arriving in New
York next month.
Her new
novel, 'Fenwick's
Career,' will appear as a serial in the 'Century'
previous to its publication in book form by the
Messrs. Harper.
The first supplement to the abridged edition of
'Poole's Index to Periodical Literature' is pub-
lished by Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. It is
the work of Mr. William I. Fletcher and Miss Mary
Poole, and covers the contents of thirty-seven se-
lected periodicals for the years 1900-4, inclusive.
*The Life and Speeches of Thomas Williams,'
the American orator, statesman, and jurist, has
been prepared by Mr. Burton Alva Konkle, and is
announced for early publication in two volumes
by Messrs. Campion & Co. of Philadelphia. An in-
troduction is contributed to the work by the Hon.
Philander C. Knox.
A new translation, by Mr. J. G. Scheuchzer, of
Engelbert Kaempfer's History of Japan in 1693'
is announced for publication by the Macmillan Co.
in a limited edition uniform with the same firm's
recent reprints of 'Hakluyt's Voyages' and 'Purch-
as his Pilgrimes.' The three volumes will contain
more than two hundred illustrations.
In her forthcoming volume entitled 'Il Libro
D'Oro,' Mrs. Lucia Alexander has brought together
a collection of more than one hundred and twenty
miracle stories and sacred legends, written by
fathers of the church and published in Italy in
the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries.
Messrs. Little, Brown, & Co. will publish the book
this month.
A new and moderate-priced edition, in a single
volume, of the Memoir of Lord Tennyson by his
son is a welcome publication of the Macmillan Co.
Though the volume contains nearly eleven hun-
dred pages, it is not unduly cumbersome. The pub-
lishers state that the original two-volume edition
of this work has been reprinted eight times since
its first appearance, nine years ago.
It has been found necessary by Messrs. Houghton,
Mifflin & Co. to postpone until next Spring the
publication of Mrs. Elizabeth Robins Pennell's
biography of her uncle, the late Charles Godfrey
Leland (“Hans Breitmann'); and also of Professor
Joseph Jastrow's "The Subconscious,' Mr. William
Osler's "The Fixed Period,' and Mr. Henry D.
Sedgwick's 'A Short History of Italy.'
A collection of the letters of the late Lafcadio
Hearn has been undertaken by Messrs. Houghton,
Mifflin & Co. It will be edited, with a biographical
outline, by Mr. Ferris Greenslet of the Atlantic
Monthly,' with the collaboration of Mrs. Hearn
and of Mr. Basil Hall Chamberlain, the literary
executor. It is requested that persons having let-
ters of Hearn's will kindly communicate with the
editor at No. 4 Park Street, Boston.
A new and enlarged edition of Hay and Nicolay's
collection of the writings of Abraham Lincoln is
announced for early publication by a new firm of
New York publishers, the Francis D. Tandy Com-
pany. The very considerable amount of impor-
tant new material that has come to light since
the original issue of this work will be included,
and besides a general introduction by Mr. Richard
Watson Gilder, each of the eleven volumes will
contain
noteworthy tribute to Lincoln's
genius, chosen from the utterances of famous wri-
ters and statesmen of the past quarter-century.
Numerous illustrations, editorial notes, a bibliog-
raphy, and an index will be included.
Mr. D. B. Updike announces the establishment
of a bindery at The Merrymount Press under the
charge of Mr. Peter Verburg, whose work is al-
ready favorably known in Chicago and New York:
Mr. Verburg, who studied some time ago under Mr.
Douglass Cockerell, was at one time an associate
of Miss Starr in her bindery at Hull House, Chi-
cago, and later on was employed by Mr. Ralph
Randolph Adams at his bindery in New York.
To their successful “New Century Library'
Messrs. Thomas Nelson & Sons have just added the
complete works of Shakespeare, in six volumes.
The edition is of pocket size, clearly printed and
attractively bound, with a frontispiece illustration
in each volume. The paper used in the 'New Cen.
tury Library' is especially to be commended; while
extremely thin and light, it does not offer the same
difficulty in regard to turning the leaves that is
so serious an objection to many of the thin-paper
editions.
Lovers of fine bookmaking, no less than lovers
of good poetry, should be interested in the an-
nouncement of Messrs. L. C. Page & Co. concerning
the forthcoming collected edition of Mr. Bliss Car-
man's Poems. The edition will be limited to 350
copies, printed in red and black throughout at the
Chiswick Press, London, on hand-made paper pre-
pared by Messrs. Arnold & Foster especially for this
work. The collection has been compiled from Mr.
Carman's various published works, supplemented by
a large number of poems which have already ap-
peared in periodicals, but which are now included
in a book for the first time.
Dr. J. Chotzner, late Hebrew tutor at Harrow, is
the author of a collection of essays on subjects
pertaining to Hebrew literature, which have been
combined into a volume and published under the
title “Hebrew Humor, and Other Essays' (London:
Luzac & Co.). The humor and satire in the writings
of Jewish scholars, ancient and modern, forms the
leading theme of many of the articles. The most
interesting and complete papers are those dealing
with Medieval Writers, Immanuel di Roma, and
Leopold Zunz. The form is generally biographical,
citation taking the place of criticism to a large ex-
tent. This detracts from the literary value of the
essays, while adding to their usefulness as a refer-
ence collection. The volume will be of service to
Jewish rabbis and writers, and to others who de-
sire a survey of this interesting subject.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 178 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES.
ON Two CONTINENTS: Memories of Half a century. By
Marie Hanson Taylor ; with the co-operation of Lilian
Bayard Taylor Kiliani, Illus., large 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 309. Doubleday, Page & Co. $2.75 net.
THE DUKE OF REICHSTADT (Napoleon the Second): A
Biography compiled from New Sources of Informa-
tion. By Edward de Wertheimer. Illus. in pboto-
gravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 455.
John Lane Co. $5 net.
THE TRUE STORY OF PAUL REVERE, By Charles Ferris
Gettemy. Illus., 12mo, pp. 294. Little, Brown & Co.
$1.50 net.
MOHAMMED AND THE RISE OF ISLAM. By D. S. Margo-
liouth. Illus., 12mo, pp. 481. Heroes of the Na-
tions. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.35 net.
.


1905.]
247
THE DIAL
ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON: A Memoir. By his Son. New
edition, two volumes in one. Large 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 1100. Macmillan Co. $4. net.
REMINISCENCES OF PEACE AND WAR. By Mrs. Roger A.
Pryor. Revised and enlarged edition, Illus., 8vo,
gilt top, pp. 418. Macmillan Co. $2.net.
WITH MILTON AND THE CAVALIERS. By Mrs. Frederick
Boas. With portraits, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 336. James
Pott & Co. $1.50 net.
ANDREW MARVELL By Augustine Birrell. 12mo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 241. ‘English Men of Letters.' Mac-
millan Co. 75 cts. net.
HERNANDO CORTES, Conqueror of Mexico. By Frederick
A. Ober. Illus., 12mo, pp. 292. * Heroes of Amer-
ican History.' Harper & Brothers. $1. net.
Pp. 477.
POEMS. By John Vance Cheney. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 297.
Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50 net.
SAMSON MARRYING. By Edwin T. Whiffen. 12mo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 190. R. G. Badger. $1.50.
TRISTRAM AND ISOULT. By Mary W. Austin. 12mo, un-
cut, pp. 64.
R. G. Badger. $1.
THE FALL OF TOLLAN. By James Edward Routh, Jr.
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 51. R. G. Badger. $1.
A PICTURE GALLERY OF SOULS. By Ira I. Sterner. 12mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 110. R. G. Badger. $1.
FICTION
A SERVANT OF THE PUBLIC. By Anthony Hope. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 362. Frederick A. Stokes Co. $1.50.
THE RECKONING. By Robert W. Chambers. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 386.
D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
STARVECROW FARM. By Stanley J. Weyman. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 429.
Longmans, Green & Co. $1.50.
NEDRA. By George Barr McCutcheon. Illus. in color,
12mo, pp. 343. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
MY FRIEND THE CHAUFFEUR, By C. N. and A. M. Wil-
liamson. Illus., 12mo., pp. 324. McClure,
hillips &
Co. $1.50.
THE BEST POLICY. By Elliott Flower. Illus., 12mo, pp.
268. Bobbs-Merrill Co. $1.50.
ROSE O' THE RIVER. By Kate Douglas Wiggin. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 177. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.25.
KIPPS: The Story of a Simple Soul. By H. G. Wells.
12mo, pp. 479. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
THE PASSPORT. By Richard Bagot. 12mo, pp. 417. Har-
per & Brothers. $1.50.
THE ANCIENT GRUDGE. By Arthur Stanwood Pier. 12mo,
Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50.
THE FAIR MAID OF GRAYSTONES. By Beulah Marie Dix.
12mo, gilt top, pp. 351. Macmillan Co. $1.50.
DUKE OF DEVIL-MAY-CARE. By Harris Dickson. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 295. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
POLE BAKER. By Will N. Harben. 12mo, pp. 358. Har-
per & Brothers. $1.50.
THE GREEN SHAY. By George S. Wasson. 12mo, pp.
305. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50.
THE REJUVENATION OF AUNT MARY. By Anne Warner.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 323. Little, Brown & Co. $1.50.
THE GIANTS. By Mrs. Fremont older. 12mo, pp. 385.
D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
THE ANCIENT LANDMARK: A Kentucky Romance. By
Elizabeth Cherry Waltz. 12mo, pp. 269. McClure,
Phillips & Co. $1.50.
THE SCARLET PIMPERNEL. By Baroness Orczy. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 312. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50.
BABY BULLET: The Bubble of Destiny. Illus., 12mo, pp.
288. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
THE EDGE OF CIRCUMSTANCE : A story of the Sea. Ву
Edward Noble, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 361. Dodd,
Mead & Co. $1.50.
HEIMWEH, and Other Stories. By John Luther Long.
Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 345. Macmillan Co. $1.50.
CONCERNING BELINDA. By Eleanor Hoyt Brainerd. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 193. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.50.
SUNRISE ACRES. By Benjamin Brace. 12mo, pp. 303.
Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
BACK HOME, By Eugene Wood. Illus., 12mo, pp. 286.
McClure, Phillips & Co. $1.50.
REBECCA MARY. By Annie Hamilton Donnell. Illus. in
color, etc., 12mo, pp. 194. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
LYNETTE AND THE CONGRESSMAN. By Mary Farley San-
born. 12mo, pp. 396. Little, Brown & Co. $1.50.
CECILIA'S LOVERS. By Amelia E. Barr. With frontis-
piece, 12mo, pp. 389. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
THE COUNSELS OF A WORLDLY GODMOTHER. By Persis
Mather. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 305. Houghton,
Mifflin & Co. $1.50.
UNDER ROCKING SKIES. By L. Frank Tooker. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 282. Century Co. $1.50.
THE WIZARD'S DAUGHTER, and Other Stories, By Mar-
garet Collier Graham. 12mo, pp. 231. Houghton,
Mifflin & Co. $1.25.
THE RESURRECTION Miss CYNTHIA. By Florence
Morse Kingsley. With frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 321.
Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
THREADS. By Garrett W. Thompson. 12mo, pp. 344.
John C. Winston Co. $1.50.
SABINA: A story of the Amish. By Helen Reimensnyder
Martin. 12mo, pp. 233. Century Co. $1.25.
AT THE EMPEROR'S WISH: A Tale of the New Japan,
By Oscar King Davis. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 149.
D. Appleton & Co. $1.25.
MRS. TREE'S WILL. By Laura E. Richards. With fron-
tispiece, 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 319. Dana Estes
& Co. 75 cts.
UNCLE
Вов:
HIS REFLECTIONS. By Laura Fitzhugh
Preston. With frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 210. Grafton
Press. $1.25.
HISTORY.
MOUNT DESERT: A History. By George E. Street; edited
by Samuel A. Eliot; with a memorial introduction
by Wilbert L. Anderson. Illus. in photogravure, etc.,
8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 370. Houghton, Mifflin &
Co. $2.50 net.
IN THE DAYS OF MILTON. By Tudor Jenks. Illus., 16mo,
Pp. 306.
Lives of Great Writers.' A. S. Barnes &
Co. $1. net.
CHINA'S INTERCOURSE WITH COREA, from the XV. Cen-
tury to 1895. By William Woodville Rockhill. 8vo,
pp. 60.
London : Luzac & Co. Paper.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
FRENCH PROFILES. By Edmund Gosse. 12mo, gilt top,
pp. 372.
Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.60 net.
SHELBURNE ESSAYS. Third Series. By Paul Elmer More.
12mo, pp. 265. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.25 net.
CICERO IN MAINE, and Other Essays. By Martha Baker
Dunn. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 280. Houghton, Mifflin
& Co. $1.25 net.
THE WORDS OF GARRISON : A Centennial Selection. With
biographical sketch, list of portraits, bibliography,
chronology, and photogravure portrait. 12mo, gilt
top, pp. 137. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.25 net.
JUSTICE. By Charles Wagner; trans. from the French
by Mary Louise Hendee. 16mo, gilt top, uncut, PP.
227. McClure, Phillips & Co. $1. net.
WAGNER AND HIS ISOLDE. By Gustav Kobbé. Illus., 16mo,
gilt top, pp. 255. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1. net.
THE UNITED STATES A CHRISTIAN NATION. By David J.
Brewer. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp.
John C.
Winston Co. $1.
ASPECTS OF BALZAC. W. H. Helm. 12mo, uncut, pp.
206. James Pott & Co. $1. net.
BUSINESS PHILOSOPHY. By Benjamin Cobb. 12mo, pp.
292. T. Y. Crowell & Co. $1.20 net.
EDITORIAL WILD OATS. By Mark Twain. 8vo, pp. 83.
Harper & Brothers. $1.
THE ONLY TRUE MOTHER GOOSE. With introduction by
Rev. Edward Everett Hale, D.D. Illus., 18mo, pp.
103. Lee & Shepard. 60 cts.
THE DIVINE COMEDY OF DANTE : Four Lectures. By
Walter L. Sheldon. 12mo, pp. 126. S. Burns Wes-
ton. 50 cts.
BOUND AND FREE: Two Dramas. By Hugh Mann. 12mo,
uncut, pp. 89. R. G. Badger. 50 cts. net.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
COMPLETE POETICAL WORKS OF LORD BYRON, Cambridge'
edition. Edited by Paul Elmer More. With photo-
gravure portrait and vignette, 8vo, gilt top, pp. 1055.
Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $3.
LOVE POEMS OF JOHN DONNE. Selected and edited by
Charles Eliot Norton. 16mo, uncut, pp. 85. Hough-
ton, Mifflin & Co. $4. net.
THE POEMS OF JOHN KEATS Edited by E. De Selin-
court. With photogravure frontispiece, large 8vo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 613. Dodd, Mead Co. $2.25
net.
LIBRARY OF STANDARD BIOGRAPHIES, First vols.: Lock-
hart's Life of Scott, abridged and edited by J. M. Sloan ;
Miss Strickland's Life of Queen Elizabeth, abridged
and edited by Ida A. Taylor; Carlyle's Life of Crom-
well, abridged and edited by Edgar Sanderson, M.A.;
Lockhart's Life of Burns, abridged and edited by J.
M. Sloan. Each with portrait, 16mo. A. C. McClurg
& Co. Per vol., 60 cts. net.
POETRY.
'IN THE HEIGHTS.' By Richard Watson Gilder. 16mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 95. Century Co. $1. net.
POEMS. By Arthur Macy; introduction by William Al-
fred Hovey. With photogravure portrait, large 8vo,
uncut, pp. 112. Boston: W. B. Clarke Co. $2.25 net.
PERDITA, AND OTHER POEMS. By Charles J. Bayne. 12mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 147. Atlanta : Cole Book Co. $1.25
net.
98.
OF


248
[Oct. 16,
THE DIAL
THE LARKINS WEDDING. By Alice McAlllly. Illus., 16mo,
uncut, pp. 192. Moffat, Yard & Co. $1.
HERBERT BROWN. By O. B. Whitaker. 12mo, gilt top,
pp. 314.
Chicago : M. A. Donahue & Co.
pp. 480.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION.
JUNGLE TRAILS AND JUNGLE PEOPLE: Travel, Adventure,
and Observation in the Far East. By Caspar Whit-
ney. Illus., large 8vo, PR. 310. Charles Scribner's
Sons. $3. net.
OLD PROVENCE. By Theodore Andrea Cook, M.A. In 2
vols., 12mo, gilt tops. Charles Scribner's Sons. $4 net.
HOME LIFE IN FRANCE. By Miss Betham-Edwards. Illus.,
large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 310. A. C. McClurg &
Co. $2.50 net.
SOUTHERN ITALY AND SICILY, and Rulers of the South. By
Francis Marion Crawford. New edition, two volumes
in one. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 800. Mac-
millan Co. $3. net.
RELIGION AND THEOLOGY.
THE CHRISTIAN FAITH : Personally Given in a System
of Doctrine. By Olin Alfred Curtis. Large 8vo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 541. Eaton & Mains. $2.50 net.
THE CREED OF CHRIST. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 220.
John Lane Co. $1.25 net.
THE PROPHETIC ELEMENT IN THE OLD TESTAMENT. By
William Rainey Harper. 8vo, pp. 142. University of
Chicago Press. $1.
SOCIOLOGY.- POLITICS. - ECONOMICS.
THE JEWISH SPECTRE. By George H. Warner. 12mo, pp.
377. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.50 net.
THE PRINCIPLES OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW IN THE UNITED
STATES. By Frank J. Goodnow, LL.D. 8vo, uncut,
G. P. Putnam's Sons. $3. net.
THE INDIAN DISPOSSESSED. By Seth K. Humphrey. Il-
lus., 12mo, pp. 298. Little, Brown & Co. $1.50 net.
COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION. By Paul S. Reinsch. 12mo,
pp. 422.
'Citizen's Library.' Macmillan Co. $1.25 net.
RESTRICTIVE RAILWAY LEGISLATION. By Henry S. Haines.
12mo, pp. 355. Macmillan Co. $1.25 net.
THE LIQUOR PROBLEM : A Summary of Investigations
Conducted by the Committee of Fifty, 1893-1903.
12mo, pp. 182. Houghton, Miffin & Co. $1. net.
VITAL QUESTIONS. By Henry Dwight Chapin, M.D.
12mo, gilt top, pp. 189. T. Y. Crowell & Co. $1. net.
FATE OF THE MIDDLE CLASSES. By Walter G. Cooper.
12mo, pp. 200. Consolidated Retail Booksellers. $1.25
net.
NATURE.
NORTHERN TRAILS: Some Studies of Animal Life in the
Far North. By William J. Long. Illus. in color, etc.,
8vo, gilt top, pp. 390. Ginn & Co. $1.50 net.
THE FERN ALLIES OF NORTH AMERICA, NORTH OF MEX-
ICO. By Willard Nelson Clute. Illus. in color, etc.,
8vo, pp. 278. Frederick A. Stokes Co. $2. net.
ART.
NOTABLE PICTURES IN FLORENCE. By Edith Harwood.
Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 312. E. P. Dutton &
Co. $1.50.
ARTS AND CRAFTS OF OLD JAPAN. By Stewart Dick. Illus.,
12mo, uncut, pp. 153. • World of Art Series.' A. C.
McClurg & Co. $1.20 net.
HOLIDAY GIFT BOOKS.
LIFE OF CARDINAL WOLSEY. Written by George Caven-
dish. Illus. in photogravure from portraits by Hol-
bein. 4to, uncut, pp. 192. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
$7.50 net.
ROMANCE OF THE FRENCH ABBEYS. By Elizabeth W.
Champney. Illus. in photogravure, etc., 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 407. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $3. net.
Two BIRD-LOVERS IN MEXICO. By C. William Beebe.
Illus. from photographs, 8vo, gilt top, pp. 408. Hough-
ton, Mifflin & Co. $3. net.
THE LINE OF LOVE. By James Branch Cabell; illus., in
color by Howard Pyle. Large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp.
290. Harper & Brothers. $2.
THE ISLAND OF ENCHANTMENT. By Justus Miles Forman;
illus., in color by Howard Pyle. 8vo, gilt top, uncut,
Harper & Brothers. $1.75.
FISHERMAN'S LUCK, and Some Other Uncertain Things. By
Henry van Dyke. Holiday edition, from new plates.
Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 285. Charles Scrib-
ner's Sons. $1.50.
CATCHWORDS OF CHEER, New Series. Compiled by Sara
A. Hubbard. With portrait and decorations, 12mo, un-
cut. A. C. McClurg & Co. $1. net.
THE DIARY OF A BRIDE. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 162.
T. Y. Crowell & Co. $1. net.
MORE MISREPRESENTATIVE MEN. By Harry Graham ; pic-
tures by Malcolm Strauss. 12mo, pp. 112. Fox.
Dufeld & Co. $1.
SWEETER STILL THAN THIS. By Adah Louise Sutton.
Illus. and with decorations, 8vo, pp. 132. Saalfeld
Publishing Co. $1.50.
LOHENGRIN, SON OF PARSIFAL : A Mystical Drama. By
Richard Wagner, freely trans. in poetic narrative
form by Oliver Huckel. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 77.
T. Y. Crowell & Co. 75 cts. net.
THE MELODY OF GOD'S LOVE: A New Unfolding of the
Twenty-Third Psalm. By Oliver Huckel. With pho-
togravure portrait, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 50. T.
Y. Crowell & Co. 75 cts. net.
THE SPALDING YEAR-BOOK. Selected by Minnie R. Cowan.
With portrait, 18mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 169. • Help-
ful Thoughts Series.' A. C. McClurg & Co. 75 cents net.
THE FUSSER'S BOOK. Words by Anna Archbald and
Georgina Jones; pictures by Florence Wyman. New
and enlarged edition. 8vo, pp. 45. Fox, Duffeld & Co.
75 cts.
OLE ANN, AND OTHER STORIES. By Jeanette Grace Wat-
son. Illus., 8vo, pp. 126. Saalfeld Publishing Co. $1.
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG.
IN FAIRYLAND : Tales Told Again. By Louey Chisholm;
pictures in color by Katharine Cameron. Large 8vo,
gilt edges, pp. 211. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $3.
THE BOY CRAFTSMAN: Practical and Profitable Ideas for
a Boy's Leisure Hours. By A. Neely Hall. Illus., 8vo.,
pp. 393.
Lee & Shepard. $2.
PINKEY PERKINS : Just a Boy. By Captain Harold Ham-
mond, U. S. A. Illus., 12mo, pp. 327. Century Co.
$1.50 net.
THE OUTCAST WARRIOR : A Tale of the Red Frontier. By
Kirk Munroe. Illus., 8vo, pp. 279. D. Appleton & Co.
$1.50 net.
BEN PEPPER. By Margaret Sidney. Illus., 12mo, PP.
474. Lothrop Publishing Co. $1.50.
THE ADVENTURES OF HARRY ROCHESTER: A Tale of the
Days of Marlborough and Eugene. By Herbert Strang.
Illus., 8vo, pp. 418. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50.
QUEEN ZIXI OF Ix; or The Story of the Magic Cloak. Ву
L. Frank Baum. Illus. in color, etc., large 8vo, pp.
303. Century Co., $1.50.
FRANCES AND THE IRREPRESSIBLES AT BUENA VISTA FARM.
By Frances Trego Montgomery. Illus., large 8vo, pp.
257. Saalfield Publishing Co. $1.50.
THE RUNAWAY DONKEY, and Other Rhymes for Children.
By Emilie Poulsson. Illus., large 8vo, pp. 81. Lothrop
Publishing Co. $1.50.
THE WIDOW O'CALLAGHAN'S BOYS. By Gulielma Zol-
linger. New edition, from new plates ; illus. in color
by Florence Scovel Shinn. 8vo, uncut, pp. 317. A. C.
McClurg & Co. $1.50.
SHIPWRECKED IN GREENLAND. By Arthur R. Thompson.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 310. Little, Brown & Co. $1.50.
A DAUGHTER OF THE Rich and her Friends the Blossoms
of Mount Hunger. By M. E. Waller. New edition ;
illus., 12mo, pp. 349. Little, Brown & Co. $1.50.
HEROES OF ICELAND : Adapted from Dasent's Translation
of 'The Story of Burnt Njal,' the Great Icelandic Saga,
Edited by Allen French. Illus., 12mo, pp. 297. Lit-
tle, Brown & Co. $1.50.
THE SCHOOLHOUSE IN THE WOODS. By A. G. Plympton.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 272. Little, Brown & Co., $1.50.
WITH SPURS OF GOLD: Heroes of Chivalry and their
Deeds. By Frances Nimmo Greene and Dolly Williams
Kirk. Illus., 12mo, pp. 291. Little, Brown & Co., $1.50.
JIM CROW TALES. By Burton Stoner. Illus., large 8vo,
Saalfeld Publishing Co. $1.50.
UNCLE SAM AND HIS CHILDREN. - By Judson Wade Shaw,
A. M.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 360. A. S. Barnes & Co.
$1.20 net.
THE BOY CAPTIVE IN CANADA. By Mary P. Wells Smith,
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By J. K. M. SHIRAZI
Price, $1.50 net.
The author of this life of the poet-astronomer is a Persian who has had access to many rare manu-
scripts existing in the libraries of private persons in Persia, which are practically inaccessible to
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ARTS AND CRAFTS OF
OF OLD JAPAN
By STEWART DICK
With many full-page and other Illustrations. Price, $1.20 net.
This little volume has been written for the purpose of those who require an introduction to Japanese
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FAR EASTERN IMPRESSIONS
By ERNEST F. G. HATCH, M.P.
With 88 Illustrations from Photographs and Maps. Price, $1.40 net.
This book is the result of a tour in Japan, Korea, and China made by the author with the express
purpose of seeking and obtaining authentic information about matters relating to these eastern coun-
tries; and his impressions as set down in this volume are of pertinent interest at the present time.
A. C. MCCLURG & CO.
PUBLISHERS
CHICAGO


256
[Nov. 1,
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1905.]
257
THE DIAL
The University
of Chicago
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For the First Week of November
General Sociology
ALBION W. SMALL
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A Decade of Civic Development
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1906.]
259
THE DIAL
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27
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260
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
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and REGINALD LANE POOLE, M.A., Ph.D., Éditor of the English
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Vol. X., 1760 to 1801. By the Rev. WILLIAM Professor of Mediæval and Modern History in
Hunt, M. A., D.Litt., Trinity College, Oxford.
Victoria University of Manchester. [November
This will be followed by:
Vol. II., 1066 to 1216. By GEORGE BURTON
Vol. I., to 1066. By THOMAS HODGKIN, D.C.L.,
Adams, M.A., Professor of History in Yale Litt D., Fellow of University College, London.
University
[Oct. 30
[Jan., 1906
It is hoped that the remaining Volumes will follow at intervals of about two months each.
*.* Full Prospectus sent on application
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1905.]
261
THE DIAL
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262
[Nov. 1, 1905.
THE DIAL
English
Literature
An Illustrated Record in Four Volumes
BY
Richard Garnett, C.B., LL.D., and Edmund Gosse, M.A., LL.D.
Volume I. From the Be-
ginnings to the Age
of Henry VIII. By Rich-
ARD GARNETT, C.B., LL.D.
The ripest achievement of two recognized authorities, one a
foremost scholar, the other one of the most distinguished
critics of the day.
Volume II. From the Age
of Henry VIII. to the
Age of Milton.
By
RICHARD GARNETT, C.B.,
LL.D., and EDMUND GOSSE,
M.A., LL.D.
In its scrupulous exactness the work does not lose sight of the
fascinating human side of its subject. It tells not only who
the writer was and what he wrote, but what he looked like,
where he lived, who were his teachers, who his pupils, what
his hand-writing was, and how he appeared in caricature to
his contemporaries.
Volume III. From the
Age of Milton to the
Age of Johnson. By
EDMUND GOSSE, M.A., LL.D.
The illustrations are a supremely important feature of the
work. One critic remarks: “To turn these pages is like visit-
ing a museum of old manuscripts and paintings, and it is need-
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to find a page without some document of great interest or value.
The appeal of this work must not be misunderstood. It is not
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few story books can.
Volume IV.
From the
Age of Johnson to the
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THE DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
ENTERED AT THE CHICAGO POSTOFFICE AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER
BY THE DIAL COMPANY, PUBLISHERS.
PAGE
.
.
.
weapon. Upon countless occasions we have
admired the effectiveness of the instrument and
No. 465. NOVEMBER 1, 1905. Vol. XXXIX.
the deftness of its use, and marvelled at the
sagacity of the writer whose words have been
found thus to anticipate the exigencies of
CONTENTS.
political conditions widely different from any
that came within the range of Burke's own
THE MAN OF ONE BOOK. .
261
experience. We have been well aware that
THE SUPERNATURAL IN LITERATURE.
this felicitous modern use of an eighteenth-
Charles Leonard Moore
263 century treasury of counsel and apophthegm
was the result of the late E. L. Godkin's inti-
BACKWARD GLANCES OF A LITERARY VET-
ERAN. Percy F. Bicknell
266
mate familiarity with the thought of the man
whom, more than any other, he had chosen
THE CASE OF RUSSIA. Charles H. Cooper . 268
as his mentor, and it is a noteworthy tribute
WAR-TIME MEMORIES OF A CONFEDERATE'S to Mr. Godkin's personality that the tradi-
DAUGHTER. Walter L. Fleming
269 tion thus fixed by him should continue to be
illustrated (as is the case) by his editorial
AMERICAN COLONIAL ENTERPRISE. John J.
Halsey
270
associates and successors. An influence and a
tradition of similar nature may be found in
RECENT POETRY. William Morton Payne . . 272
recent British journalism of the more dignified
The Poems of Ernest Dowson. - Benson's Peace
type, and in this instance it is clearly trace-
and Other Poems. - Coutts's Musa Verticordia. -
Mrs. Bland's The Rainbow and the Rose. — Miss
able to the editorial activities of Mr. John
Twigg's Songs and Poems. — Cheney's Poems. Morley, who had likewise sat long at the feet
Chamberlain's Poems.Sherman's Day Dream and of the same Irish Gamaliel, and entertained
Even Song.-Miss Jones's Rubaiyat of Solomon.-
for him the same whole-hearted admiration.
Mrs. Whitney's Sonnets and Songs.
The English writer who deals with ques-
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
276 tions of political philosophy is fortunate in-
Posthumous sketches by Lafcadio Hearn. - The deed in thus being able to find texts for every
Far East geographically considered. — A scholarly
manner of political discourse in the pages of
essayist's latest work. — A new life of Ireland's
patron saint.-A group of humble floral friends.-
a single approved classic. Burke is the most
The letters of a saintly woman. — An early pronounced example of the political sage to be
American Indian war. - - A handbook of arts and found in English literature, probably in any
crafts of Old Japan.
modern literature. Even the Frenchman,
BRIEFER MENTION
279 proud of the glory of Montesquieu and Vol-
taire, must yield the palm to the Englishman
NOTES
279
in this; and the German is nowhere. This
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS
280 tribute to a great thinker by no means im-
plies that Burke was always right, or that his
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
280
vision was not sometimes darkened by preju-
dice, but it does mean that his wise utter-
ances vastly outnumbered his unfortunate ones,
THE MAN OF ONE BOOK.
and that he had, beyond almost all other po-
After reading for upwards of a score of litical philosophers, the gift of impressive and
years, with stimulus and profit, the editorial pregnant expression.
columns of the New York Evening Post' We do not intend, however, to write an essay
and “Nation,' we have been impressed, per- upon Burke at the present moment, and we
haps more than by any other single feature, have invoked his name for the sole purpose of
with the editor's frequent and apposite quo- illustrating what benefits may accrue to the
tations from Burke. Both for the pointing of
'man
of one book'— if the book be big
political morals and the adornment of instruc-enough — who knows his author through and
tive tales, the great Irish statesman and orator through. To be a 'man of one book' in the
has been drawn upon for the final word. of right sense is not to be a narrow-minded per-
wisdom, and his armory seems never to have or one subservient to another's thought,
failed to supply the needed argumentative for such a man may have the widest range of
.
son


-262
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
acquaintance with literature and the broadest in political philosophy. Our closing words
of intellectual sympathies. But it means that shall take the form of an inquiry concerning
some one great writer has become his fa its possible application to literary criticism.
miliar, almost in the old superstitious sense, In other words, can the professional critic find
and is ever at his ear with whispered prompt anywhere among his predecessors so‘very
ings and words of counsel, and phrases which worthy and approved' a master as to justify
may fitly clothe the idea struggling for ex him in the sort of loyalty that the political
pression. We all have occasion to acknowledge philosopher is warranted in bestowing upon
this kind of debt to literature in general, but Burke? Put in this blunt form, the question
that is not quite the same thing as finding must be answered with a negative. The an-
the obligation concentrated in a single gen cients are out of the question, for they did
erous creditor. The random inspirations that little more than establish the broader gener-
come to the mind of eclectic tendencies do not alizations of criticism. Turning to the mod-
contribute to the upbuilding of as solid and erns, we think of Dryden and Boileau, and
consistent a framework of thought as do those reject them as too narrowly associated with
that originate in a single source.
It is a
the seventeenth century. Voltaire and John-
question, not so much of the particular idea, son also, oracles and prophets in their day,
which may possibly be a wrong one, as of are too exclusively of the eighteenth century
the general intellectual temper that comes to interpret or illuminate the modes of thought
from reliance upon the teachings of some one in which the twentieth century frames its con-
master.
ception of literature. The Germans are per-
This habit of 'tying', as it were, to one haps more promising for our purpose,
but
of the great writers provides the reason with their effectiveness suffers greatly from crabbed
a regulative principle that will avail to steady expression and an overplus of abstraction.
it in many a critical moment. The Bible, of Lessing was one of the wisest of critics, but
course, has served more largely than any other hardly more serviceable than Aristotle for
writing in this controlling relation, and, par the countless special problems of modern crit-
ticularly with Englishmen, has been found icism. Herder was far-reaching in his ideas,
an unfailing thesaurus of wisdom fitly ex but they have passed into the possession of
pressed for application to the conduct of life. men who have been able to give them a more
Indeed, as Green so eloquently pointed out, striking utterance.
the whole English nation was made a nation There remains for consideration the great-
of one book by its devotion to the sacred est of all the Germans, the greatest of all
Scriptures during the period from the Refor the moderns since Shakespeare, the author of
mation to the Restoration. Countless English "Faust' and Wilhelm Meister.' Goethe had
men in later times have 'tied' to Shakes-
a comprehensive philosophy of life and art.
peare in much the same fashion, finding him He lived midway between the two centuries
adequate to the full measure of their spir- which were two distinct worlds in their out-
itual needs. Plato and Aristotle, Cicero and look, but for him they were not describable as
Horace, among the ancients, have numbered
One dead,
their disciples in all subsequent ages; while
The other powerless to be born,'
among the moderns, Bacon and Montaigne for he preserved what was vital in the classical
have had each his grateful personal following. spirit of the earlier age, uniting it in the
Those of us who require the thought that par- synthesis of his genius with the spirits of
ticularly moves us to have something of the romance and of science which were to breathe
eolor of life as it exists in our own age may
life into the age to come. He not only pro-
prefer to sit at the feet of some master whose duced the greatest literary work of the mod-
eyes have looked upon a world not unlike ern world, but he wrote from the fulness of
that in which we now live; for such, the his knowledge more wisely, on the whole, about
teachings of Carlyle and Emerson, of Schopen- literature than any of his contemporaries or
hauer and Renan, have served as satisfying successors has written. We may admit that
gospels. The chief desideratum for the in his criticism of literature was only incidental
dividual is that he attach himself to some to his imaginative work, but we must also
thinker of sufficient distinction to provide him allow that in volume and weight it was suf-
with intellectual ballast at need, yet that he ficient to make him a guide who rarely fails
at the same time preserve his own individ to supply the needful word of illumination
uality, reacting upon the other's thought, not upon any fundamental literary matter, and
content with its reproduction in feeble echo. whose sayings nearly always have the preg-
Our opening illustration was concerned with nancy of content and the lucidity of form that
the application of this principle to the worker are essential for the uses that we have been


1905.]
263
THE DIAL
holding in view. He seems, on the whole, Sea’ the ocean is the sentient, terrible, treach-
to meet more closely than any other modern erous antagonist of the man. In 'Notre
writer of distinction the definition of a sage of Dame' he personifies a cathedral; and "Les
letters, as that definition has been implied in Misérables' is filled with sombre and sinister
the foregoing reflections. One who wishes to shapes,— the demonology of a great city.
think and write clearly about literature could Thomas Hardy’s ‘Return of the Native' pro-
hardly do better, and might easily do worse, jects a great waste of melancholy moorland
than pin his faith to the precepts of Goethe, as the overruling Providence of the piece.
and use his ipsissima verba for the adornment Herman Melville's ‘Moby Dick' is the story
and conclusion of whatever literary argument of a supernatural whale, a veritable demon
may occupy the attention.
of the deep, which eludes, fights, and finally
destroys its maddened hunter and his ship.
Poe's whole work is an even more successful
attempt than any of these to create, ab ovo,
the elements of awe and mystery.
THE SUPERNATURAL IN LITERATURE.
But all such individual efforts after the
Our benighted eighteenth-century ancestors supernatural are as a sandwich to a seventeen-
called it machinery. They were rationalists course banquet compared with the great racial
and skeptics. Their literature was a litera works of mythology and demonology. Look-
ture of social life. Their idea of Nature ing at the vast population of divinities, spir-
was the formal terraces and straight avenues its, ghosts, and the like, which first and last
of Versailles, the clipped hedges and mazes have been in being, one is thankful that they
of Kew or Hampton Court. Mountains to did not take up space or they would have in-
them were horrid haunts of gloom; the ocean, fallibly crowded humanity off the earth.
merely the home of sea-sickness.
But they
The literature of the spirit-world possibly
were sound on the supernatural. They were begins with the Ramayana and the Mahab-
myth-makers at heart. Voltaire, who believed harata. The vicinity of the greatest and
in nothing, believed in ghosts for tragedy. most mysterious mountains of the world prob-
Pope invented a graceful apparatus of sylphs ably accounts for the enormous though vague
for one poem, and a Goddess of Dulness and powers of the Hindoo divinities and demons.
her court for another. The lyrical poets could What accounts for the utter spirit of unreason
not write a stanza without personifying a which animates them and pervades also the
half-dozen abstract qualities. For poetry de actions of the human agents who come in
ploying all its forces, for the great epic, they contact with them, I cannot say.
thought that an array of contending gods and
natural elsewhere in the world is in some
goddesses was a necessity which no sane per sense natural. There is a logic in its life, a
son would question. Machinery it was for measure in its miracles. But in the Indian
the most part that they succeeded in creat poems it is wild, disordered, fluctuating, un-
ing,- a creaking, soulless work of puppets foreseen, - a chaotic dream. There are human
and pulleys; but their faith in it was a trib- figures and actions in these poems which are
ute to the highest instincts of mankind. They affecting, beautiful, magnificent; but they too
were right. Without the supernatural in some are superior to any law. Hermits live a thou-
shape, great literature can hardly exist. sand years without food, or standing on one
Whatever is not touched by the imagina- leg, and win thereby virtue which enables
tion, dies. And the imagination is almost a them to contend with the supreme deities.
vassal of the supernatural. Mystery is its The blackest villains are invulnerable to gods.
home, its haunt, its birthplace. From the There is a monkey race whose powers trans-
beginning of time, the unexplainable facts cend those of man. The Pandu brothers, in
of life,- generation, growth, decay, death, the the Mahabharata, are at one moment beg-
process of the seasons, the omnipotence of the gars and suppliants, and the next they are
sun, the motions of the stars, the strangeness panoplied in might and able to contend sin-
of beast-life,- have exercised the wits of man. gle-handed with armies. Possibly the Hindoo
His literature is largely a storehouse of unreasonableness is the truest supernatural.
guesses, dreams, delusions, in regard to those Persian literature, at least in the Shah
matters.
Nameh, does not greatly extend itself on the
The myth-making instinct persists down to side of the supernatural. Sultans and heroes,
our own day. Compelled by the prejudices it is true, live a thousand or fifteen hundred
of readers to cast aside old mythologies, our years. There is one king who has a snake
writers invent new ones out of their own growing out of his shoulders which had to be
heads. In Victor Hugo's "Toilers of the fed with the flesh of virgins. Rustem's seven
The super-


264
[Nov. 1,
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labors were largely expeditions against demons Celtic imagination is supposed to have in-
and powers of darkness. But the Persian fluenced or moulded the Icelandic sagas, but
imagination did not body forth a mythology the Celtic gods are very indifferent and un-
with any great vigor. Possibly its great du- impressive personages compared with those of
alistic religion, the most philosophic religion the farther North. The Celtic supernatural
of the world, crushed out minor exhibitions of comes out best as a kind of a glamor cast
the divine or the demoniac. The same is true over Nature. It suffuses the visible world
of the Arabs, who, genii, afreets, and ma with magic, but hardly concentrates into fig-
gicians, seem rather monotonous personages. ures of commanding power. We know prac-
Beckford's “Vathek’ is really more Eastern tically nothing about the Druidic cult, but it
than the Eastern tales and poems, in its tre looms large as a thing of awe and mystery.
mendous energy of invention.
Scotland, down to modern times, is a land
It is a commonplace of criticism, that the of bogles, witches, warlocks, and worrie-cows.
Greeks only projected their own pretty and Scott and Burns came into a great inherit-
harmonious persons into their Pantheon. ance of the supernatural, which they bettered
Their mythology is a matter of ideals rather and enlarged. It is hardly realized how much
than of idols. Yet there was unquestionably Scott was dominated by the mystery and magic
a dark shadow to their sunny supernaturalism. of the spirit world. No English author save
One does not usually associate ghosts and the Shakespeare has so felt its power. He was
Black Art with their imaginings, yet Apu- accused of having a Meg Merrilies in every
leius is full of rather grewsome witchcraft. one of his books, after that impressive figure
There is a play of Plautus, imitated probably was first created. But his early poems show
from Menander, which has to do with a haunt the trend of his imagination quite as dis-
ed house. Goethe's ‘Bride of Corinth' is tinctly.
the version of a Greek legend.
In the wake of the conquering hosts
The best part of the Roman mythology, of Christian mythology, many superstitions
and the most fruitful for literature, was its sprang up throughout Europe, — survivors of
humble rustic divinities — Faunus, Sylvanus, the first or original denizens of wood and
Priapus, the Lars and Lemures. The Latin
field. Venus, driven from Olympus, retired
Pantheon was filled with didactic deities who into the Venusberg — the Siren became the
weighed upon poetry like lead. And later, Lorelei. Of phantom things that seem to have
during the Empire, when the great Eastern originated in the middle ages, the Loup-garou
gods — the Magna Mater, the mysterious and the Were-wolf were perhaps the most
Mithra, Isis, Scrapis, and the dog-faced Ana- horrible. The French beast epics and fabliauz
bis, entered Rome, in turn, in triumph, like hardly come into the province of the super-
an Imperator, they had little inspiration for natural, but they show man's instincts stirred
literature. Possibly the rising power of Chris- by the strangeness of animal life — its like-
tianity strangled their influence.
ness to, yet removedness from, his own.
For nearly two thousand years, Christianity, Calderon has a figure in one of his plays
with its enormous mythology of spiritual and called El Embozado, which has been the an-
demoniac powers, its angelology, its hierar- cestor of a long and distinguished line in lit-
chies of saints and martyrs, its miracles and ſerature.
erature. In the original legend which Cal-
its remissions of sins, has filled the civilized deron used, a man is pursued wherever he
world and satisfied man's sense of awe and goes by pieces of paper falling from the skies,
worship. It has touched all acts with a on each of which he finds inscribed his own
wand of life, and caused them to blos-
name. The hero of the play is haunted by a
som in prodigious efflorescence. The poems | masked and cloaked figure which appears to
of Dante, Ariosto, Tasso, Spenser, and Milton, him at all times and places. At last he turns
the Arthurian legends which it remodelled upon it with his sword, — they fight, and the
after its own image, the plays of Calderon and intruder falls to the ground. He removes
Shakespeare and Goethe and a myriad minor the mask from its face, and beholds-him-
works, testify to its power. No other spirit-self. There is a similar idea in a ballad of
ual influence has had a tithe of its ap- Gongora. A man is on his way to an assigna-
praisable effect. The Scandinavian mythology tion with a nun. He meets a funeral cortége,
is a good rival of the Greek and Hindoo ones.
and is inexplicably drawn to follow it. The
The clear and beautiful Greek divinities would train enters a lighted church; the coffin is
perhaps have scorned the one-eyed Wotan or placed before the altar, and mass is performed.
the blacksmith-like Thor, but in a contest for Then the company silently files out, and the
sublimity those last would have it all their man advances and looks upon the face in the
own way.
coffin. It is his own. Of course this idea


1905.)
265
THE DIAL
is the germ of such modern stories as Poe's why our national literature is so thin. Daniel
* William Wilson' and Stevenson’s ‘Dr. Jekyll Boone would be as good a legendary hero
and Mr. Hyde.
as Siegfried, if his Ohio woods had harbored
The personages of Shakespeare's fairy com wormlike dragons, if gnomes had been his
edy, Oberon, Titania, and Puck, had a long companions and water-sprites his guardians -
pedigree in the legends of the people. Robin if, in short, he had been brought into some re-
Goodfellow, indeed, is the most characteristic lation to the supernatural. Washington would
English sprite. Queen Mab is supposed to be be as good a central figure for a drama as
a reincarnation of Queene Méve of the great Wallenstein, if like Wallenstein he had trav-
Irish epic cycle, though she must
though she must have elled with a train of astrologers and magicians.
changed marvellously in the course of cen The Indians whom we have dispossessed were
turies. The Witches of Lancashire were famous a more imaginative race than ourselves, and a
before Ainsworth wrote of them.
large part of such elevation and grandeur as
The powers which mortals acquired by con does inhere in our literature is due to them.
tact or contract with divinities or demons were Our classic writers, indeed, were keenly alive
very various. Faust received back his youth. to the value of the supernatural, and seized
The Scotch nobleman in the 'Legend of Mont every possibility in our life that would give
rose, and the Bard in Campbell's 'Lochiel,' them a background of darkness, an air of mys-
were experts at second-sight. The heroine of
The heroine of tery. Their successors have been in the main
Rossetti’s ‘Rose Mary' saw her lover's fate parochial and provincial. Their attitude tow-
reflected in the Beryl Stone; the heroine of ard the great ideas of the world reminds me of
another of his ballads had the pleasant gift a story of a young woman of my neighborhood.
of making a man waste away as his wax image Being asked to accompany some friends to
melted before a fire. Any friend of Asmodeus Europe, she answered, hesitatingly, that she
could have the roofs of houses lifted for him. would like to go to Europe, she had heard a
Levitation, however, was the great gift of great deal of Europe, but she did hate to
demonology. The most prominent fact about miss the Mt. Holly fair.
witches was that they rode on broomsticks. But let us not give up hope. Americans
One can shut one's eyes and see the air of are not really different from other people.
Europe blackened with these beings, all making They must thrill with hopes and fears for the
their way to the Hartz mountain. As Goethe future, they must consult the oracles of life
sings,
and death. Under the shadow of our noble
but rather prosaic Protestant religion, an
The plentier soot and witches grow.'
I have sketched but an incomplete outline undergrowth of superstitions is springing up.
Pretty urban or rural customs, which have their
of this great subject. Volumes would be re-
quired to do justice to ghosts alone; and the
root in Pagan observances, are being revived.
The Priestess of the Black Hills reads the
doings and disguises of the Fiend himself
would fill a library. What I have wished to
stars for more folk than we imagine. Chiro-
show is the importance of the supernatural for
mancy, hypnotism, and mind-reading flourish.
literature. Perhaps we are better without it
We have no witches who can alter the boun-
in life. I for one have no wish to revive com-
daries of our properties in a night, but our
Wizards of Finance seem to have inherited
pacts with the Devil, or the burning of witches.
But we can hardly have books that thrill and their gifts.
their gifts. Charlatans of both sexes claim
enthrall, without some use of the things of the
miraculous powers of healing and receive amaz-
spirit world.
ing credence. A young woman died in Phila-
There has always been something in the air delphia not long ago who gave out that she
was the bride of Christ.
of America as fatal to superstition as the soil
Her followers be-
lieved in her to the extent of giving her a
of Iceland is to snakes. After Ponce de Leon's
quest, and the witch-fires of New England, these things are good in themselves. But man
brick house. I have no desire to suggest that
there is hardly a gleam of the supernatural in
must have some outlet into the unknown. We
our history. DeSoto's march to the Missis-
sippi in search of gold is emblematic of our
cannot live by bread alone, nor subsist on a
mental diet of stock reports, eulogies of the
progress. Nothing, indeed, is more remarkable
than the spectacle of a great people crush-
world's work, and speeches of strenuous poli-
ing its way over a continent, coming in con-
ticians. Any change which will deepen our
tact with new scenes and strange experiences,
emotions and widen our intellects, must be for
yet evincing no excitement over the unknown,
the better. And if such a change sets in, the
literature which deals nobly with the super-
holding steadily to the practical and to the
main chance. That is the reason why our
natural must come into its own.
national heroes are so impossible for poetry,-
CHARLES LEONARD MOORE.
• The further northward one doth go,


266
(Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
pence!
mate," said to me once his noble and stately daugh-
The New Books.
ter Una, describing her happy childhood. These
and all the rest, save Poe, found joy, predominant
joy, in life. Why this difference? It is not yet
BACKWARD GLANCES OF A LITERARY
time, perhaps, to fathom the mystery and give a
clear answer to the question.'
VETERAN.*
Discoursing on English and American men-
• The uttered part of a man's life, let us tal processes, with reference to their compara-
always repeat,' says Carlyle in his essay on tive quickness - an oft-discussed question, in
Scott, bears to the unuttered, unconscious which we have always believed in our own
part a small unknown proportion. He himself superiority — the author offers, among other
never knows it, much less do others. From observations, the following, in a chapter en-
this pregnant utterance, quoted on his title-
titled “English and American Cousins?:
page, Colonel Higginson takes the name which
'People who go slowly on new ground may turn
he gives to the collected form of those very out to be quick enough when wholly at home with
enjoyable chapters of reminiscence, observa any particular line of thought. How odious and
tion, and reflection, that have of late been
complicated, for instance, seems to an American
observer the computation of pounds, shillings, and
enlivening the pages of 'The Atlantic.' Two
It seems strange that any nation should
chapters have been added (Una Hawthorne'
consent for a day to employ anything but a decimal
and The Child and his Dreams'), as also currency; yet with what lightning rapidity does a
many portraits and facsimile copies of letters. London bookkeeper make his computations!
The best introduction the reviewer can give
Even in the House of Commons, the unlikeness to
an American deliberative body is found to vary
the book, to those still unfamiliar with its
according to the point from which you look at the
contents, is a generous selection of extracts discussion. The Englishman begins with a curious
from its pages.
These ripe and scholarly
air of hesitation, whereas the American glides into
chapters — ripe with the varied experience of
his speech at once; but the difference is that the
Englishman suddenly surprises you by coming to
eighty years and more, and scholarly with the
his point with clearness and decision, after which
scholarship of a lover not only of books, but he amazes you yet more by sitting down; whereas
of men - have an interest and value far ex-
the American, after his first good hit, is apt to seem
intoxicated by his own success, and feels bound
ceeding anything that another pen might con-
to keep on indefinitely, waiting for another. You
trive to say about them.
are left under the impression that an ideal speech
The opening chapter, on 'The Sunny Side in any debating body would be achieved by hav-
of the Transcendental Period,' contains an
ing an American to begin it and an Englishman to
end it.'
amusing definition of transcendentalism that
must be new to many readers. Father Taylor's frank recognition of the evils of plutocracy,
* The Aristocracy of the Dollar' contains a
brilliant daughter, Mrs. Russell, characterized
those ‘Disciples of the Newness' as 'a race
but also an encouraging view of its excellences,
who dove into the infinite, soared into the actual and possible; of which the author shall
illimitable, and never paid cash.' The article be allowed to speak in his own person.
closes with a thought-provoking query.
*The aristocracy based on the dollar has its own
weaknesses and follies, but it has certain merits. Its
‘But one question still remains, and perhaps will
first merit is that it belongs to the present, not to
always remain, unanswerable. Considering the part
originally done by the English Lake Poets in bring-
the past; it represents something that is being done,
or has lately been done, whether for good or evil;
ing about this period of sunshine in America, why
is it that the leaders of English literature on its
not something which has long gone by. When Theo-
dore Parker first visited Cincinnati, at that time
native soil for the last half century have had a
mournful and clouded tone? From Carlyle and Rus-
the recognized leader among western cities, he said
that he had made a great discovery, namely, that
kin through Froude and Arnold to Meredith, Hardy,
while the aristocracy of Cincinnati was unquestion-
Stevenson, and Henley, all have had a prevailing
air of sadness, and sometimes even of frightful
ably founded on pork, it made a great difference
gloom. Even Tennyson, during at least a portion
whether a man killed pigs for himself, or whether
his father had killed them. The one was held
of his reactionary later life, and Browning to-
ward the end of his, showed the same tendency.
plebeian, the other patrician. It was the difference
Parker said, between the stick 'ems and the stuck
In America, on the other hand, during the same
general period, the leading literary figures, with
'ems; and his own sympathies, he confessed, were
the solitary exception of Poe,- who was wont to
with the present tense. It was, in other words,
aristocracy in the making. It stood for a race
be an exception to all rules, - were sunshiny and
which had found forests to be cleared, streams
hopeful, not gloomy. This is certainly true of
to
Emerson, Alcott, Thoreau, Longfellow, Lowell,
bridged, and roads to be built; the dollar
Holmes, Whittier, Whitman. Even if Hawthorne
was not only behind these forms of service, but it
was the corner-stone of the schoolhouse and the
may have seemed to the world an exception be-
cause of his reticence and sombre bearing, we must
church. It predicted a civilization which should
remember how he laid aside those traits within his
belong to to-day, not to yesterday; and belonging
own household. “Never was there such a play-
to to-day, should also predict to-morrow.'
The same spirit of reasoned optimism that
* PART OF A MAN'S LIFE. By Thomas Wentworth Hig-
ginson. Illustrated. Boston : Houghton, Mifilin & Co. animates this chapter also breathes in the


1905.]
267
THE DIAL
thoughtful pages that close the book and that to his meditations. Whole pages of fact com-
treat of "The Cowardice of Culture.' Colonel
mitted to memory had left the life of that time
still dull and mechanical, but this single incident
Higginson has lived long enough to discover
revealed to the schoolboy a human side.'
that the ever-recurring plaint of the laudator
temporis acti is not necessarily prophetic of
The eleventh chapter, dealing with The
the speedy end of all things. Even in the (to
Close of the Victorian Epoch,' contains many
reminiscences of notabilities with whom the
us) golden age, croakers were fond of chant-
ing this same refrain, a fact that tends to
author has come in contact. These recollec-
surprise us as much as will our own jeremiads tions, and others of the same sort in other
astonish the readers of them in the twenty- parts of the book, drop from the writer's pen
second century. Speaking of the regret with
with no flourish of self-advertisement or accent
which many persons of wealth and culture re-
of self-complacency. For this reason, if for no
gard the granting of suffrage to the multitude, other, an excerpt will be welcome. Dr. Jowett
and meeting especially the scholar's complaint
shall be its subject.
that his superior learning fails to get due
'The death of Doctor Jowett, Master of Balliol
recognition at the polls, the author maintains
College, Oxford (1817-93), — whom it was the proper
etiquette to address as “Master,'— recalls associa-
that brains do count even in electoral contests. tions dear to American students because of his
'If all the scholar's education in a republic gives
marvelous translation of Plato, with others, only
him no infallible advantage over the man who
less admirable, of Aristotle's “Politics,” and of
cannot read or write, let the scholar have the man-
Thucydides. To me, personally, it also brings back
liness not to whine over the results of his own
the happy Commemoration Day at Oxford in 1878,
inefficiency. How absurd would be any artificial
when I sat at his dinner-table with the present
system of equalization, such as we sometimes see
Duke of Devonshire, Sir James Stephen, and oth-
gravely urged, which should give to the day laborer ers, and heard that singular mixture of sermoniz-
one vote, to the school-teacher two, to the lawyer
ing and sharp retort which is so well preserved in
or editor three, and to the author of a treatise on
Mallock's “New Republic." He appears there, it
the United States Constitution ten! Natural laws may be remembered, as “Dr. Jenkinson,” and
provide much better for the end desired; the edu-
preaches an imaginary sermon which, it is said,
cation of the editor, the lawyer, the teacher, should
annoyed the subject of the parody very much.
enable him to carry dozens of less educated votes
Many are the stories yet told at Oxford of his
at his belt, as an Indian carries scalps. It is he
abrupt and formidable wit. On one occasion, at
who writes the editorials, he who makes the
one of his own dinner-parties, when the ladies had
speeches; all the machinery of conviction, for good
retired and a guest began at once upon that vein
or for evil, is intrusted to his hands. The political
of indecent talk, which is, perhaps, less infrequent
committee-man is the quartermaster of the regi-
among educated men in England than in America,
ment; he attends to the supplies and the encamp-
or is at least more easily tolerated there, Doctor
ment, and if he neglects his duty, the work is illi
Jowett is said to have looked sharply toward the
done. Eating is essential to fighting, in the long
offender, and to have said with a decisive polite-
run; but eating can never take the place of fight-
ness, “Shall we continue this conversation in the
ing, and the tone of the political campaign must
drawing-room?" He then rose from his chair, the
be given by those who actually contend. "The
guests all, of course, following, by which measure
glory of universal suffrage,'' said Louis Blanc to the offender was, so to speak, annihilated without
me once, “is in the power it gives to intellectual discourtesy.'
leaders; a man of trained intellect really throws
not one vote, but a thousand."
A good comparison of Darwin and Spencer
is given, in which some of the Synthetic Phil-
' History in Easy Lessons' is an instructive osopher's weaknesses are laid bare, especially
essay for the teacher. The importance of vivid that “weakness of omniscience which betrayed
detail in engaging the young learner's atten-
its possessor into giving, promptly and unflinch-
tion is pointed out.
ingly, his opinion on all conceivable subjects,
'Detail, the animation of detail, is what the from astronomy to banking. “Those present
young student needs. How inconceivably stiff and
dreary seems to many a child the early Puritan
at his farewell dinner in New York,' continues
life in New England, until he comes across some
the author, still recall vividly the amusing
casual anecdote from which it suddently flashes effect produced by his cautioning his hearers
upon him that those formal clergymen had a hu against baldness as an outcome of the eager
man side. “Holy Mr. Cotton,” for instance, how
remote and unapproachable he seems, until the fact
American life, whereas those who sat with him
suddenly comes into view, that this good man was
at the banquet seemed like an assemblage of
pacing homeward in Boston, wrapped in his Geneva highly bewigged men compared with the noto-
cloak, pondering on his next Sunday's sermon, when riously bald-headed congregation of English
some "street boys'' passing by so the legend barristers to be seen every Sunday at the Tem-
says, but can it be that there were
in those days ?- were heard to whisper among ple Church in London.'
themselves, Let's put a trick upon old Cotton." Naturally, anti-slavery recollections are not
Upon which, one boy, more daring than the rest, wanting in Colonel Higginson's book, and in
ran up behind him and shouted in his ear, “Cotton,
all matters pertaining to the negro question
thou art an old fool!''. "I know it, I know it,'
shouted the old gentleman suddenly, “the Lord
this whilomcommander of a black regiment
make both thee and me wiser," and then reverted speaks with authority — especially in the chap-


268
[Nov. 1,
THE
DIAL
ter styled 'Intensely Human.' Letters of the superficial explanations offered by writers
Mark
gives us sundry illiterate and otherwise untrained in historical and economic investi-
odd and amusing epistolary efforts that the gation, or by enthusiasts with one idea. The
author's fame as a public character has brought phenomena are too large to be accounted for
to him in the course of a long lifetime. “Books by such facts, however true, as the weakness
Unread' and 'Butterflies in Poetry' are dis of the Tsar and the corruption of the court.
quisitions on literary themes. That he writes In the first of the books under consideration
so engagingly and so refreshingly on such we have the results of long years of serious
topics may be due to the fact that, while he study of Russian conditions at first hand by
is evidently something of a bookworm, he is a man of ability and training. Professor Mil-
altogether free from that disagreeable book youkov states his purpose in these words:
worminess which an exclusive devotion to books
*This book is not a political pamphlet written for
often engenders. Papers on "Wordsworth the occasion, but a result of long years of study
shire' and 'American Audiences,' the only
devoted to the explanation of the Russian present
chapters not already mentioned, make up the
by the Russian past. The present crisis in Russia
necessarily commands attention, and everything dis-
rest of the book, to which a sufficient index cussed in this work converges to the one aim of
has been added by some careful hand. The explaining this crisis. But the conditions that have
portraits and facsimiles are of interest, but are
brought on the crisis are so deeply rooted in the
inserted without much apparent system, and
past, and are so closely interwoven with every
sometimes with slight cause.
aspect of Russian life, whether of religion or of
For example, a politics, of doctrines or of institutions, of social
chance reference to Victor Hugo's observation forms or of the composition of society, that an ex-
that the insect world is, with hardly an excep-
planation of the present situation, to be at all
tion, a world of silence, serves as an excuse for
adequate, must necessarily be a general picture of
his portrait, which faces the passage in ques-
Russia and a general description of the conditions
under which its civilization has developed. The
tion. But no buyer of the book will quarrel crisis will pass, but the conditions of civilization
with its publishers because they have given
remain; and my ambition has been to explain, not
him more for his money than he had expected.
the momentary and the transient, but the perma-
nent and the lasting, elements in the political, so-
PERCY F. BICKNELL. cial, and religious life of Russia.'
The author carries out very satisfactorily the
purpose that he had before him, and the book
is one that must be studied by anyone who
THE CASE OF RUSSIA.*
sets out to get a real knowledge of Russia.
All things Russian are interesting to the
The lectures out of which the book has grown
world, now that the inner conditions of the
were delivered at the University of Chicago in
huge empire have been revealed by the light-has since been called to deliver a course of
1903, before the war began; and the author
ning stroke of the Japanese war. While
a
Institute in Boston.
few shrewd observers with exceptional ad- lectures at the Lowell
vantages for observation have been able to see
These facts guarantee his scholarly standing.
below the surface and have told of inefficiency
The conclusions that he reached before the
and rottenness, the most of us, even the states-
war he has seen no reason to modify since.
The book is a substantial and satisfactory
men and students of affairs, have been de-
ceived by the superficial show of strength that piece of work, giving the point of view of
Russia has presented to the world, and she
that branch of the Russian liberal party known
has been courted and deferred to as one of
Intellectuals,' the real liberals of the
the mighty powers whose vast plans of con-
country. Professor Milyoukov's activity in the
quest and growth must not be interfered with.
cause of freedom has already led to exile, but
there is nothing in this book of the intemper-
But two short years ago, Russia seemed to be
the destined mistress of the Far East and
ance of the professional agitator or the po-
litical enthusiast.
the possessor of a large part of China and
He possesses an intimate
of whatever else she would have. Now her
knowledge of his subject, and is fearless in
power has crumbled under the blows of a
expressing his opinions; and we feel through
the whole discussion that he is sincere and
small despised Oriental power, which in shat-
tering the prestige of Russia has also awak-
is trying to be fair. With ample knowledge,
ened China to new life.
training, and evident fairness, he is the best
The world is looking for the causes of these
available guide to a knowledge of present con-
ditions in Russia from the historical point
astonishing phenomena, and is not satisfied with
of view.
By Paul Milyoukov. (Crane One of the most interesting chapters for
Lectures for 1903.) University of Chicago Press.
American readers is that in which the author
FROM WITHIN. By Alexander
New
York : Henry Holt & Co.
elaborates his comparison between Russia and
as the
RUSSIA AND ITS CRISIS.
RUSSIA
Ular.


1905.]
269
THE DIAL
the United States. There are also chapters without value for him who can sift the facts
on the Nationalistic Idea, the Religious Tra from the fiction and the denunciation; but it
dition, the Liberal Idea, the Socialistic Idea, is altogether untrustworthy, and cannot bu
the Crisis and the Urgency of Reform, and a mislead the untrained reader.
brief Conclusion. As these chapters run over
CHARLES H. COOPER.
a hundred pages each, and are solid with sig-
nificant facts and reasoning on the facts, it
is manifestly impossible in a brief review to
give even the baldest summary of them. There WAR-TIME MEMORIES OF A CONFED-
is a full analytical index, filling twenty-five
ERATE'S DAUGHTER.*
pages, that will be very helpful to the student The title of Mrs. D. Giraud Wright's 'A
of Russian conditions and institutions, and six Southern Girl in '61' is somewhat misleading,
maps in color set forth graphically many facts in that it implies a book of reminiscences of
important to the study of Russian develop Southern social life on the eve of the Civil
ment.
War; whereas we find in the volume little about
In striking contrast to the weighty and the Southern Girl' and not much about ''61,'
thorough discussion of Russian conditions con and only casual glimpses of Confederate home-
tained in Professor Milyoukov's book is the life. However, the omission may well be over-
superficial and unrestrained declamation of looked, since the social side of Confederate
Mf. Ular in his attempt to account for Rus- history has been pretty well exploited recently
sia's conditions and misfortunes. For him by Mrs. Clay and Mrs. Pryor, and in Mrs.
there is no historical background, no evolution Chesnut's Diary; while the volume under re-
of the present from the past. He says in view has an interest and value that the social
his preface: This book is an account of the histories have not. The author, as Miss Louise
general conditions prevailing at the outbreak Wigfall, was the daughter of Louis T. Wigfall
of the Russian Revolution. In these the per of South Carolina and later of Texas, who rep-
sonal action of the Executive — Tsar, Princes, resented the latter state in the United States
Ministers, and Generals — is the capital factor. Senate until secession came, when he was trans-
Analysis of this Executive was therefore in-
ferred to the Confederate Senate. He served
cumbent on me, by juxtaposition of the most the Confederacy not only in the legislative
typical facts relating to its action. Here we
halls but also in the field at the head of a
have the author's theory and method; and it brigade of Texans.
is easy to see where it will lead us. His
The contents of the volume are surprisingly
typical facts are mainly pathological; he sets varied, when one considers that the writer was
before us the whole royal connection for a
a seventeen year old school-girl when the war
hundred and fifty years back the Reigning began. The account opens with a description
Dynasty of Degenerates and Fools' --as af-
of the family life in Texas and later in Wash-
flicted with epileptic tendencies which mani, ington, and of her own school-days in New
fest themselves in amnesia, mysticism, and England. Then follow character-sketches and
cruelty, with megalomania, sexomania, tuber-descriptions of the prominent Confederate
culosis, morbid religiosity, mental incoherence, leaders, among them Davis, Breckenridge,
and degeneracy. This we have through eighty Benjamin, Hunter, and Wigfall. Most of the
pages, one czar after another and one grand book is made up of the public and private
duke after another passing in procession before correspondence of Senator Wigfall and his
The grand villain of the book is Plehve, family. The last chapters describe the life of
the author while a member of General Joe
whose assassination is said to have been the
Johnston's household after he was relieved from
opening scene in the Revolution.
command at Atlanta, and the book closes with
the incarnation of cruel repression, the head
a description of the escape of the Wigfall family
of a system whose ramifications reached every
hamlet and almost every house in the vast
from beleaguered Richmond, and the slow and
empire; but Witte, with his financial and
painful return to Texas.
The personal experiences of the youthful
economic reforms, and Pobiedonostseff, the re-
ligious autocrat and reactionist, receive their
daughter of Senator Wigfall are subordinated
share of denunciation. The final chapter, on
to accounts of matters of public policy, etc.
But she does give a charming description of
the National Awakening, runs through the list
Texas, and of life there in the fifties. Her
of petty subject nationalities, showing how in
Texas and the Texas of Olmsted are very dif-
each a new spirit is rising which will con-
tribute to make irresistible the Revolution that
The War-Time Memoirs
of a Confederate Senator's Daughter. By Mrs. D. Giraud
is now upon the empire. The book is not
Wright. Illustrated. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co.
us.
He was
•A SOUTHERN GIRL IN '61.


270
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
ferent places; the two writers saw from dif for a settlement in the ‘forum of reason. As
ferent view-points. Through contemporary long as he lived, Stephens believed that the war
letters and vivid narration we are given an was fought over political and not over less
insight into the feeling at the North in 1861, superficial differences. The curious and inex-
as it appeared to two school-girls from the South plicable hopefulness of the Southern people is
lingering unwillingly in a hostile country. A shown in the correspondence of late 1864 and
thrilling experience was theirs when running early 1865, in regard to the Atlanta and Ten-
the blockade to get into the beleaguered Con nessee campaigns. There is no indication that
federacy under the folds of the Stars and Bars. they knew how badly Hood was losing before
A touching incident is related to show the affec Sherman and Thomas. There is a whole com-
tion of Jefferson Davis for his children and mentary in Wigfall's remark about Senator
their regard for him. Mrs. Wright's treatment Hunter of Virginia: 'I don't know what we
of Davis is altogether fair, in spite of her Southern men would do without Hunter; he is
father's violent dislike of the Confederate pres the only one among us who knows anything
ident's policies and plans. Another side of about finance.'
Johnston's character is revealed in the descrip The volume is a fine specimen of the printer's
tions of life in his family. Very little is said art in type, paper, and illustrations. The lat-
about that most fruitful topic—the privations ter, about fifty in all, are from contemporary
of the last years of the war; but under date of portraits of Confederate statesmen and gener-
May 3, 1864, there is an amusing note to the als, and Southern women of the war time. The
effect that I am completely unshod, as my last illustration, of the carpetbag and negro
boot gave way entirely yesterday in my walk legislature of South Carolina, seems entirely
with F.,' and another note six days later ex out of place, unless it is meant to emphasize
plains that 'the prices for mending shoes are the contrast between “ before the war and after.'
so exorbitant that I expect I had better wait
WALTER L. FLEMING.
and have them mended in the country. How
she managed meanwhile we are not informed.
Some of the letters printed are valuable as
historical documents. Wigfall was the confi AMERICAN COLONIAL ENTERPRISE.*
dential correspondent and adviser of Beaure-
gard, and of Johnston, whose most cherished
Eight years ago the American world, self-
plans were unfolded for his approval and as-
centered, self-complacent, and self-sufficient,
sistance.
In this correspondence Wigfall is turned away indifferently from all that was
All
seen in a more favorable light than usual. Here occurring beyond our two enclosing seas.
he shows his common-sense, and that practical
our energies were absorbed in developing our
side of his nature which caused people of the
own resources, and in working out our own
time to respect his judgment, and none of that industrial, financial, and political problems.
fierce and unreasoning criticism, that perni- Then came the sudden outburst of national
cious nonsense,' as some one called it, which
wrath following the Maine' explosion, and
was characteristic of his conversation when ex-
at one bound we sprang from our historic iso-
cited. The inside' history of his breach with
lation into the arena of world-politics. The
Davis is here related, and the documents are crusading war to set free the oppressed Cuban
given; and most people will agree that Wigfall
led to the campaign in the following year
and Johnston were right. Johnston's letters in
which dashed the hopes of the oppressed Fili-
regard to the conduct of Confederate affairs in
With one hand America offered to
the West are convincing as to the mistake made Cuba her place among the nations under the
by Davis and his advisers. Incidentally, John- international guarantee of this powerful gov-
ston's and Wigfall's disquisitions on the mili-ernment, and with the other placed over the
tary aspects of the geographical situation of aspiring Philippines an alien proconsul and
Mississippi and Tennessee are very effective.
an alien law. In the midst of those islanded
The friends of the excessively criticised General
seas, where for several centuries old-world
Braxton Bragg will be pleased at the frank powers have been working out the problems of
praise of Bragg's management expressed in
the government of dependencies by a force
Johnston's private letters here published. There imposed from without and from above, we
is a communication from Alexander H. Ste-
have ourselves set up an experiment in the
phens, dated February 13, 1865, declaring that
same dubious line.
the Southern people are still willing and
Two questions are propounded with grow-
capable of resistance, but that leadership is *THE ETHICS OF IMPERIALIBM.
lacking. Stephens favored an appeal to all
*OUR PHILIPPINE PROBLEM. By Henry Parker Willis.
friends of constitutional liberty' at the North New York: Henry Holt & Co.
pino.
By Albert R. Carman.
Boston :
Herbert B. Turner & Co.


1905.]
271
THE DIAL
.
ing insistency to the American people: “How The Spanish war did not play the part of a
do you justify your continuance in the Phil- provocation, but it brought about an inter-
ippines?' and 'What is the character of your national situation which made the seizure of
conduct there?' The second question can be the islands a safe proceeding.' This, in his
answered only by presentation of facts; the ethical conception, was also a praiseworthy
first, however answered, must always lie within proceeding; and he adds a warning, that if
the field of opinion. Toward the discussion a people indulge so freely in pharisaical chat-
of this first question three bodies of opinion ter about their “duty" toward weaker and
have been formed or promulgated in the more backward peoples that they come to be-
United States within a few years. One group lieve that they are conquering them for the
of thinkers, who have been in a general way benefit of the conquered, they may be led into
designated as 'anti-imperialists,' believe that undertaking “ duties” of this kind which will
' in the nature of things, no political control prove to be burdens. Apparently in this lat-
can be legitimately exercised by any one set ter contingency only could matter for reproach
of men over another, and that such control, be found.
if permanently assumed, can never avoid the Mr. Carman arrives at an ethical satisfaction
taint of selfishness. A second group, at the in these conclusions through a system of ethics
other extreme of political ideas, will adopt the which is his own.
which is his own. He sets up the ethics of
utterance of Professor Burgess, as an interpre- egoism' over against so-called Christian ethics,
tation of their views: We must conclude, which he identifies with a foolish and suicidal
from the manifest mission of the Teutonic Altruism. He finds no progress, for the indi-
nations, that interference in the affairs of vidual or for the community, except in an
populations not wholly barbaric, which have egoism which at best can only be called a rea-
made some progress in state organization, but sonable selfishness. All that a man may do
which manifest incapacity to solve the prob- for wife or child or neighbor or country is
lem of political civilization with any degree of done because it conduces to his own advance-
completeness, is a justifiable policy. The ment, or at most, to his own pleasure. All the
Teutonic nations are the political nations of sources of action which have ever ennobled the
the modern era.
The duty has fallen world are, by this frank apostle of Self, pol-
to them of organizing the world politically.' luted and poisoned. Whatever is is right'
Undoubtedly, the larger number of the many is more humanly if less humanely read anew,
people in the United States for whom Pro whatever succeeds is right.' 'It seems hardly
fessor Burgess may be allowed to speak, would necessary,' he says, 'to point out that the more
accept, as a proper corollary from their views, unselfish virtues — such as justice, honesty,
that with the duty of organizing other peoples truth, fair play, self-restraint from passions
politically there goes the duty of so organizing which might injure others as well as one's self
them as to bring benefit and blessing to the are as certainly egoistic. A man stands a
dependent as well as to the ruling race. In
In better chance of getting and keeping wealth
their eyes, the organizing process well becomes in a community which is honest than in one
a trust, exercised by the organized for the bene- which is not; everybody benefits by justice,
fit of society at large. Under the influence, truth, fair play, and mutual self-restraint.'
however, of the events as they have marched The conduct of a man who practises justice,
in the islands since 1898, a new edition of truth, and fair play, in a community where the
imperialistic justification has taken form, and majority do otherwise, does not seem to be
has differentiated a third group of thinkers, accounted for by this peculiar ethical system,
well represented by the author of 'The Ethics although it might justify all the evils of suc-
of Imperialism. Mr. Carman has small re cessful imperialism.
spect for those who try to justify our stay in Mr. Willis, the author of 'Our Philippine
the Philippines on any altruistic basis of first Problem,' entitles himself 'sometime Armour-
help to the injured.' 'He will hear naught of Crane travelling fellow in the University of
Spanish aggression as a cause of our venture Chicago,' although he does not indicate that
over sea, or of good done for anyone else by he was such at the time of the investigations
our continuance therein. He says boldly: which are the basis for his book. This essay
* The truth is that the American nation felt is a scathing impeachment of the conduct of
the need, commercially, of the Philippines, the government of the United States and its
precisely as Britain has long felt the need, employees in the Philippines. Mr. Willis some-
commercially, of India; and when the fortunes what prejudices his case as an impartial critic
of war made it possible for her to seize the by the expression of his own adverse opinion
islands without the risk of embroiling any of in the preliminary chapter, before he has pre-
the other stronger powers, she seized them. I sented his evidence to his readers. He would


272
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
have made the impression he desires to make two years, the sum, perhaps, of expectation
more readily had he not thus violated a rule for one who could write these exquisitely pa-
as good in book-making as in oratory. He has thetic lines:
gone no further than page sixteen, when he
' They are not long, the weeping and the laughter,
makes the assertion — which he never takes up
Love and desire and hate,
again: ‘Experienced colonial administrators
I think they have no portion in us after
We pass the gate.
like Sir Andrew Clarke pointed the way to a
They are not long, the days of wine and roses :
pacific settlement of the difficulty through the
Out of a misty dream
establishment of a protectorate with native Our path emerges for a while, then closes
rulers advised by able and upright Americans;
Within a dream.'
but such counsels were brushed aside. War 'He sang one tune over and over again,' says
was wanted: war enough, in the later words his critic-friend; and this is its most beautiful
of President Roosevelt at Sea Girt, N. J., to setting:
go around.
'Last night, ah, yester night, betwixt her lips and mine
Mr. Willis gives, apparently, careful studies
There fell thy shadow, Cynara! thy breath was shed
Upon my soul between the kisses and the wine;
of the civil service, local government, the ju And I was desolate and sick of an old passion;
dicial system, the constabulary, the church, ed Yea, I was desolate and bowed my head :
I have been faithful to thee, Cynara! in my fashion.
ucation, business, agricultural and social con-
ditions, and economic legislation. In no one
'All night upon mine heart I felt her warm heart beat,
Night-long within mine arms in love and sleep she lay;
of the fields does he speak encouragingly; in Surely the kisses of her bought red mouth were sweet ;
most of them he depicts a black picture. The
But I was desolate and sick of an old passion,
When I awoke and found the dawn was gray:
chapter on control of public opinion, in its I have been faithful to thee, Cynara! in my fashion.
representation of a muzzled press and judic-
I have forgot much, Cynara! gone with the wind,
iary, is only less hideous than the terrible
Flung roses, roses riotously with the throng,
survey of the system of supervised prostitution.
Dancing, to put thy pale, lost lilies out of mind;
But I was desolate and sick of an old passion,
As one turns these pages, he wonders whether Yea, all the time, because the dance was long :
he is reading about occurences in the daily
I have been faithful to thee, Cynara! in my fashion.
life of a people in the twentieth century, or 'I cried for madder music and for stronger wine,
whether, unawares, he has picked up some
But when the feast is finished and the lamps expire,
Then falls thy shadow, Cynara! the night is thine;
treatise on the Venetian or Florentine life in And I am desolate and sick of an old passion,
the age of Machiavelli and the despots. No
Yea, hungry for the lips of my desire :
I have been faithful to thee, Cynara! in my fashion.'
modern government has ever been more se
verely impeached of high crimes and misde-
The tradition of polished academic verse,
meanors against the spirit of the institutions
sensitive to the pressure of the time, but in-
of its people, than has the government at
formed by ideals that are more than temporal,
Washington in these chapters. The book can-
the traditions best illustrated during our own
not be ignored by those who love our institu-
age by Matthew Arnold, is well maintained
tions, nor indeed by those who administer them by Mr. Arthur C. Benson, a singer who is
for us today.
JOHN J. HALSEY.
never clamorous, but whose restrained mea-
sures are far more impressive to the reflective
mind than those of the more robust voices
that catch the general ear. One does not
RECENT POETRY.*
often (outside of the accepted classics) come
upon as beautiful a poem as the 'Peace'
The delicate talent of Ernest Dowson is
which opens Mr. Benson's latest volume. We
appraised with intelligence, and the subtle
quote three of the most typical stanzas:
sympathy which it so peculiarly needs, in the
'I am not weary of the kindly earth,
introductory essay by Mr. Arthur Symons
Nay, I am fain of honour and delight;
which accompanies the final edition of Dow I bless the patient hour that gave me birth,
son's 'Poems.'
I shudder at the nearer-creeping night;
As Mr. Symons says, Dow But I have dreams of something deeper yet,
son's work means little to the world at large, A steadfast joy that daily should increase,
but a 'great deal to the few people who care
Warm glowing 'neath the ashes of regret ;
Not dull content that comes when ardours cease,
passionately for poetry.' He lived for thirty But peace divinely bright, unconquerable peace.
THE POEMS OF ERNEST Dowson. With a Memoir by
POEMs. By John Vance Cheney. Boston: Houghton,
Arthur Symons. New York: John Lane Co.
Mifflin & Co.
PEACE, AND OTHER POEMS. By Arthur Christopher Ben-
POEMS. By Alexander Francis Chamberlain. Boston:
New York: John Lane Co.
Richard G. Badger.
MUSA VERTICORDIA. By Francis Coutts. New York: DAY DREAM AND EVEN SONG. By Frederic Fairchild
John Lane Co.
Sherman. New York: James Pott & Co.
THE RAINBOW AND
By E. Nesbit. New RUBAIYAT OF SOLOMON, AND OTHER POEMS. By Amanda
York : Longmans, Green, & Co.
T. Jones. New York: Alden Brothers.
SONGS AND POEMS. By Lizzie Twigg. New York: Long. SONNETS AND SONGS. By Helen Hay Whitney. New
mans, Green, & Co.
York: Harper & Brothers.
son.
THE ROSE.


1905.]
273
THE DIAL
As in
• Oblivious of infinity,--interred
Not here nor there is peace to be achieved,
chrysalis of scanty scope,
The mind must change, and not the earthly scene;
In this small world, where he must grovel and grope,
And how shall he who once bath truly grieved
Is Man more tragical or more absurd ?
Gain hope and strength to be secure, serene?
Consider that abominable word
Not by forgetting shall such rest be earned,
Just uttered by the Journal of the Pope :
Nor with closed eyes that dare not see the light,
“A Jew accused of treason must not' hope
But facing loss and death, and having learned
For sympathy from us." Have they not heard
What hope remains, what heritage of might-
Then on the fearful heart dawns' the unhoped-for light. That story of the Jew of Galilee,
' And not in youth can this be inly seen,
Who suffered crucifixion for the blame
Of treason and the sin of heresy ?
Not till the years have dimmed the dinted shield;
Not till the stern thought of what might have been,
And lit they not the faggot's frequent flame,
Hath pierced the spirit, and the wound is healed.
To prove their perfect Catholicity
Youth dreams of love and conquest, generous dreams,
By burning those outside it, in his name?'
Nought is too high but he shall dare to climb;
Then, when in mid ascent the summit seems
This attitude of intellectual challenge is char-
More steep than Heaven itself, more old than Time, acteristic of the entire volume, and it is such
Then dawns the light, and makes the broken life sublime.'
touches of sæva indignatio that give the
Mr. Benson's 'Ode to Japan,' written in cele author's work its most distinctive quality.
bration of the English alliance, may be illus Mrs. Hubert Bland (E. Nesbit) is no ama-
trated by the following stanzas:
teur of verse, and her work always pleases.
• From us you shall acquire
It reaches about the level of Jean Ingelow's
Stern labour, sterner truth,
The generous hopes that fire
thought and sentiment, but never quite
The Spirit of our youth.
achieves the distinction of Christina Rossetti.
And that strong faith we reckon ours,
Her latest volume, The Rainbow and the
Yet have not learned its strength, nor proved its dearest
powers.
Rose,'_yields us these pretty stanzas, entitled
'And we from you will learn
En Tout Cas':
To gild our days with grace,
Calm as the lamps that burn
• When I am glad I need your eyes
In some still holy place;
To be the stars of Paradise ;
The lesson of delight to spell,
Your lips to be the seal of all
To live content with little, to serve beauty well.'
The joy life grants, and dreams recall;
Your hand, to lie my hands between
Tender, sincere, and refined, Mr. Benson's
What time we walk the garden green.
verse appeals to our highest spiritual nature,
'But most in grief I need your face
and delivers its message with persuasive grace.
To lean to mine in the desert place;
We wish that we might reproduce “The Fool,
Your lips to mock the evil years,
To sweeten me my cup of tears,
in still further exhibition of the author's
Your eyes to shine, in cloud's despite,
quality, and find space to illustrate both his
Your hands to hold mine through the night.'
sonnets and his official odes to music, and Father Sheehan stands sponsor for Miss
upon the death of Victoria and the coronation
Lizzie Twigg's little book of Songs and
of Edward.
ing in the old Celtic way of all the tender-
Mr. Francis Coutts dedicates his new vol ness and sweetness, the magic and glamours
ume to Musa Verticordia,' whereby he would of Nature, as she shows herself here in our
signify a consecration to sterner thoughts and own beautiful land.' We must surely welcome
loftier ideals than concern the common cry a singer who brings us such lyrical verse as
of rhymers. “Enlarge your measures, min- | ' Hush !
strels' is his war-cry, and his purpose,
*Flame in the skies of sunset brighter than dazzle of dawn,
To make each reasonable spirit free
Silver veil of the daisies spread on an emerald lawn,
To work out its salvation, undeterred
Deep'ning grey of the twilight falling on byre and bawn,
By old accumulated custom's dross
And mists like a ghostly garment round the quiet moun-
Or by authority's self-loving law.'
tains drawn.
It is a severe task, and the temptation to seek
• Here through the dusky branches gleameth the rosy ilush,
Onward the river runneth, lapping through reed and rush,
more flowery paths is strong.
Out in the stillness ringeth the song of a hidden thrush,
'Ah, sometimes still unwittingly I sigh
With finger on lip stands silence, and hush!
To sing the facile lie,
whole world, hush !
The old familiar fancies, --women, wine,
Pale moonlight and moonshine,
Another lyric, equally simple and equally
Faint ecstacies of pure religious faith,
charming, is called 'Sunset.'
The legend and the wraith,
With birds and butterflies, and dreams of gold,
Opal and pink and pearl and gold
The new dream and the old.'
There in the West away,
Silver and crimson fold on fold
In the pursuance of his high purpose, Mr.
There in the West away.
Coutts achieves strength, although often at
And the radiant sea like a mirror rolled
There in the West away.
the sacrifice of the gracious charm which we
• Who does not sigh for the lands that lie
are wont to demand of a poet. We may il-
Hid in the West away?
lustrate this statement by his sonnet-commen-
Hid by the curtain of sunset sky
Far in the West away?
tary upon a text found in the 'Osservatore
Who does not sigh for wings to fly
Romano' at the time of the Dreyfus trial.
Away to the West, away?'
says the
.
.


274
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
It takes a well-nigh perfect ear for music to
* The happiest heart that ever beat
write such verse as this. And how these Irish
Was in some quiet breast
That found the common daylight sweet,
poets love to ring the changes on light and
And left to Heaven the rest.'
shadow, color and sound, birds and flowers
and trees! Father Sheehan aptly says of this engaging naiveté, as in the verses At Candle-
Sometimes a pleasant conceit is expressed with
book that it offers the antithesis of every Lighting
art that may be called Tennysonian,' and we
• I think it better to believe,
may well be glad that it is so spontaneous
And become as the children, they
and unaffected, so free from bookishness and
The children of the early day,
imitative endeavor.
Who let the kindly dream deceive,
And joyed in all the mind may weave
Mr. John Vance Cheney has been known
Of dear conceit-better, I say,
To let wild fancy have her way,
to the public for many years as one of our
To trust her than to know and grieve.
most delicate lyrists. Nearly every magazine
A poet of old Colophon
A notion held I think was right,
of consequence has had him for a contrib-
No matter how or where he gat it;
utor, and he has put forth several small col-
The stars are snu/fed out every davon,
lections of his verse. He has now brought
And newly lighted every night.
I hope to catch the angels at it.
together in a single volume of 'Poems' all of
his work that he wishes to preserve, and
The traits that we have found space to illus-
thereby made it possible to form a just es-
trate, and others that must go unmentioned,
timate of his total achievement. It is a lim-
should endear the author to us, at least in our
ited achievement, no doubt, for few of the
less strenuous moods. They are traits that
pieces extend beyond a single page, and many appealing voice of Emerson, to whose memory
of them are but the briefest bits of song.
The only exception to this general rule is
it was peculiarly fitting that the author shoulă
offered by the dramatic idyl at the close of
have inscribed this beautiful and sympathetic
the book, When Love Was Lord,' which
sonnet:
serves chiefly to emphasize the fact that the
* Plato come back to turn a Yankee phrase,
Franklin recalled to lord the world of soul-
poet is most truly himself when he is con So came he, so he journeyed, sane and whole,
tent to be a maker of cameos. Nor is there
The Concord pilgrim on the upper ways.
Born to her lap, his heart was ever May's,
a very deep note of passion sounded in his
In vernal terms he read to us the scroll
song
His lyrics are of acceptance, coupled
or time; he chanted from the magic roll;
only with the gentlest and most apologetic
We knew the joy and beauty of the days.
He read to us until his sight grew dim-
sort of questioning.
When nature is his Blinded with brightness from beyond the sun-
theme, there is rarely any questioning at
Then followed he the glory from afar.
all, but merely the penetrative gaze and the
But not until a race had learned of him
The murmurs of eternity that run
loving communion. The very soul of Twi-
Through human hearts, the blossom and the star.'
light, for example, the very heart of its mys-
tery, is in these lines:
According to the title-page of his 'Poems,'
Mr. Alexander Francis Chamberlain is a doc-
Hid ways have winds that lightly shake
tor of philosophy, a professor of anthropology,
The silver willows, half-awake,
Mysterious paths the moonbeams take
and a member of various learned societies.
Across the shadowed mountain-lake;
But these ominous facts should not be counted
The soul in deeper secret goes
Behind the lilac and the rose
heavily against him, since his verse is of pleas-
In skies of evening, far away,
ing quality, and inspired by fine ideals. We
Beyond the flight of night and day.'
quote what seems to us the best of his son-
Mr. Cheney is often felicitous in the simple nets.
quatrain of gnomic content:
* Two men, at least, earth holds, not less than heaven,
· Wouldst hear the singing of the spheres,
Immortal, Jesus, Shakespeare. Saxon, Jew,
Hark with closèd ears;
Alike these conquer race and clime, are given
Wouldst follow Beauty to her skies,
Enduring mastery over old and new.
Look with closed eyes.'
One chose in all men's hearts to be enshrined,
So death might pass, and hate be lost in love.
His philosophy of life — not the deepest,
The other, templed in the human mind,
Drew life and death, all acts and thoughts that move.
perhaps, but true as far as it goes,- is ex They stand alone, but not from us disjoined,
pressed in 'The Happiest Heart.'
Or from each other. They are kith and kin
or all mankind. The wit, the love they coined
• Who drives the horses of the sun
Came from the common ore where all begin.
Shall lord it but a day;
That English brain, that heart in Palestine,
Better the lowly deed were done,
Grew not less human, as they grew divine.'
And kept the humble way.
A sonnet seems to be the best selection we
• The rust will find the sword of fame,
The dust will hide the crown;
can make from the sonnets, lyrics, and quat-
Ay, none shall nail so high his name
rains that make up Mr. Frederic Fairchild
Time will not tear it down.
Sherman's ‘Day Dream and Even Song.'
.


1905.]
275
THE DIAL
Sweeter than any earthly dawn is this,
the poem called “Panama' (home
(home of the
The morning of our love, when her fond eyes
dove-plant, or Holy Ghost flower).
Open like little flowers of Paradise
And fill the garden place of dreams with bliss.
• What time the Lord drew back the sea
No glory of the daybreak do I miss-
And gave thee room, slight Panama,
Blushes that rival daybreak's rosy skies,
"I will not have thee great,” said He,
Smiles that are sunshine laughing in disguise,---
But thou shalt bear the slender key
And all the sweets of summer in her kiss.
of both the gates I builded Me
Her hair is like a golden mist above
And all the great shall come to thee
For leave to pass, 0, Panama !
The snowy bosom, that unfathomed sea,
The undercurrent and the tide whereof
[Flower of the Holy Ghost, white dove,
Breathe sweetness where He wrought in love !]
Are but the yearning of her heart for me;
And in the lyric whisper of her love
• His oceans call across the land !
There is a murmur of eternity.'
How long, how long, fair Panama,
Wilt thou the shock of tides withstand,
This is extremely pretty in the conventional
Nor heed us, sobbing by the strand?
way, and there are a dozen others as good, Set wide thy gates on either hand,
That we may search through saltless sand,
to say nothing of the lyrics or of the really
May clasp and kiss, 0, Panama ?
fine ode at the close of the volume.
[Flower of the deep-embosomed dove,
So should His mighty nations love !]
The poetical work of Miss Amanda T.
Jones has been for many years familiar to
Commenting about six years ago upon Miss
those who have explored the byways of Amer-
Helen Hay's first volume of verse, we spoke
ican literary production, and they have al-
of its evidence of 'poetic sensibility and the
artistic conscience.'
ways felt that it deserved a wider recognition
The author (now Mrs.
than has thus far been accorded to it. Now, Whitney) has produced a second volume which
after a long silence, Miss Jones has put forth justifies a repetition, and even an emphasis,
a new volume of poems, which may perhaps
of this characterization. Here are thirty son-
secure for her work something of the appre-
nets and rather more than that number of
ciation which has long been its due. The songs, every one of which is a finished bit
of art. The work is of so even an excellence
new book is entitled 'Rubaiyat of Solomon,
and Other Poems.' The first third of its con-
that it offers little room for choice. The
Poems, and speaks of the author as 'dream-
first of the sonnets — ' Ave atque Vale'— is
tents is given up to a versification, in the
as good as any of those that come after, and
how good it is we will make clear by quota-
familiar rubaiyat form, of certain of the say.
tion.
ings of Solomon and Koheleth. The follow-
*As a blown leaf across the face of Time
ing is a typical example:
Your name falls emptily upon my heart.
* Better is grief than feasting: Go thy way
In this new symmetry you have no part,
No lot in my fair life.
Unto the house of mourning,--there survey
The stars still chime
Autumn and Spring in ceaseless pantomine.
The end of all mankind : for it is well
I play with Beauty, which is kin to Art,
The living to his heart this truth should lay.
Forgetting Nature. Nor do pulses start
Sorrow excelleth laughter : None may tell
To hear your soul remembered in a rhyme.
What hour he also with the dead must dwell.
You may not vex me any more. The stark
By sadness of the countenance, the heart
Terror of life has passed, and all the stress.
Is turned to God that did from Him rebel.
Winds had their will of me, and now caress,
• The wise man chooseth still the better part,
Blown from bland groves I know. Time dreams,
But if, within the house of mirth, thou art
and I,
Among the fools better than song shall be
As on a mirror, see the days go by
The wise rebuke that woundeth as a dart.
In nonchalant procession to the dark.'
* As crackling thorns, under the pot, set free
The note of grave melancholy thus struck at
Their sparks that straightway into darkness flee,
the outset is maintained in all the pages that
Even so the laughter of the fool doth start;
And all his works with vanity agree.'
follow, for the deep, unuttered sadness in
the world' is the constant burden of Mrs.
There are some fifty pages of this sort of
Whitney's song. Even the lyrics are rarely
paraphrase, but we cannot help regarding the
lyrics of joy, and when they seem to be such,
effort as a mistaken one. The consecrated
it is a subdued joy, chastened by some reflec-
words do not gain in either dignity or beauty;
tion upon the transitoriness of human happi-
in fact, they lose very distinctly, and all such
ness. Yet the sadness of the poet does not
attempts must be essentially of the lineage of
bring forth blind despair; it rather spurs the
Sternhold and Hopkins, or of the Bay Psalm
spirit on to nobler endeavor.
Book. It is elsewhere in Miss Jones's volume
that we must look for her most meritorious 'Fight, though the bulwarks of your faith may fall,
Life become gray and full of weariness,
verse. We find it, for example, in the group
Love prove a lie and wisdom bitterness-
of Kansas Bird Songs,' in the lyrics of Fight, for the strife alone avails for all.
childhood, the tender personal tributes, and *Fight and fight on, exalting in the light,
the pieces that touch on contemporary his-
Standing alert and upright gleefully,
Seizing life's joys and woes courageously,
tory. We cannot do better than quote from Man to the end, and Master-laugh and fight.'


276
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
The Far East
This is the fine challenge to the spirit that given, with prose translations and numerous ex-
we have heard from many voices before planatory footnotes. The closing selection is a
from the lips of Arnold and Henley and Sill. highly interesting 'Letter from Japan,' dated
We must make one more selection, this time
August 1, 1904, and treating of the war then
for the purpose of illustrating the imagina-
in progress, and of the calm, confident, even joy-
ful bearing of the people at home. A short ac-
tive quality of the writer. 'Etoiles d'Enfer'
count of a gruesome West Indian incident, and
is the title.
two Japanese stories of the weird and ghostly
• The four wide winds of evening have their stars, order, make up the rest of the book. In the
Fashioned in fire, in purity of snow,
light of recent events, which tend to prove that
Tossed to their height by endless avatars-
Japan can more calmly face overwhelming disas-
These all the righteous know.
ters than minor annoyances, the following is of
• What of the stars of Hades? On the gloom
interest: ‘Were Kuropatkin able to fulfil his
The outcast see them shine like angels' eyes,
rash threat of invading Japan,' says Hearn, the
And in the living night that is their tomb
They dream of Paradise.
nation would probably rise as one man. But
otherwise the knowledge of any great disaster
• They know the stars of Hades. They are deeds,
Wickedly born, which came to good at last-
would be bravely borne. From time unknown,
Fair blossoms spring from villainy of weeds,
Japan has been a land of cataclysms,-earth-
Rest—and redeem the past.'
quakes that ruin cities in the space of a moment;
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. tidal waves, two hundred miles long, sweeping
whole coast populations out of existence; floods
submerging hundreds of leagues of well-tilled
fields; eruptions burying provinces. Calamities
like this have disciplined the race in resignation
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
and in patience; and it has been well trained also
Posthumous
to bear with courage all the misfortunes of war.
The gleaning of the grapes of
sketches by Lafcadio Hearn suffers but little Even by the foreign peoples that have been most
Lafcadio Hearn.
even when compared with his own closely in contact with her, the capacities of
vintage at its best. A small posthumous volume Japan remain unguessed. Perhaps her power to
entitled "The Romance of the Milky Way, and resist aggression is far surpassed by her power to
other Studies and Stories'-(Houghton, Mifflin & endure.'
Co.) presents half a dozen (or seven, to be exact)
Mr. Archibald Little's "The Far
graceful trifles, all but two Japanese in theme, geographically East' (Oxford Clarendon Press)
preceded by a short biographical and appreciative considered. is the kind of book of which
notice by 'F. G.,'--that is, beyond the perad there has been genuine need for some time. It
venture of a doubt, Mr. Ferris Greenslet. With furnishes, instead of the familiar speculations
the exception of a body of familiar letters now about oriental competition or the possibilities of
in process of collection,' says this editor, “the western struggle for the partition of China, a
present volume contains all of Hearn's writing geographical study of the various political divi-
that he left uncollected in the magazines or in sions of the extreme Orient. There is small treat-
manuscript of a sufficient ripeness for publica ment of actual commerce, or of immediate com-
tion.' The exquisite art of Hearn's pen stamps mercial prospects in the narrow sense, anywhere
the little book as a notable one; and, curiously in the volume. In a very important way, how-
enough, the chapter on 'Ultimate Questions,' sug ever, the book will furnish aid to the student of
gested by Spencer's essay thus entitled, and left commerce, since it estimates the fundamental re-
by the author in what he regarded as an unfin sources, and, quite as important, the distribution
ished condition, is the best and most character of the water-ways and possible trade-routes of
üstic portion of the collection. In this paper, the Chinese mpire and its dependencies and
-as Mr. Greenslet writes, which strikes, so to say, neighbors. Here and there, brief historical sum-
-the dominant chord of this volume, we have an maries supply a background for the discussion of
-almost lyrical expression of the meaning for him the probable political and commercial relations of
of the Spencerian philosophy and psychology. In the future. There is much that must be of value
it is his characteristic mingling of Buddhist and to students of possible military campaigns, and
Shinto thought with English and French psy more that will serve to inform the intelligent
chology, strains which in his work “do not sim business man who is studying the possibilities of
ply mix well,” as he says in one of his letters, scientific trade expansion. While Mr. Little's
'but "absolutely unite, like chemical elements, work is thus primarily geographical and geolog-
rush together with a shock;'—and in it he ical, its political features being purely incidental,
strikes his deepest note. In his steady envisage- it is not written in a style that ought to repel
ment of the horror that envelopes the stupendous any serious reader, even though he may not be
universe of science, in his power to evoke and a student of science in the narrow sense of that
revive old myths and superstitions, and by their term. The volume is certainly not popular, yet
glamour to cast a ghostly light of vanished suns it has a quality of interest that will commend
over the darkness of the abyss, he was the most it for very general reading. The preface de-
'Lucretian of modern writers. The first two chap scribes it as having been written literally in the
ters deal with matters of Japanese folk-lore and intervals of business'; but this business being
poetry, many of the peculiar five-line poems being that of a commercial traveller in the Far East,


1905.]
277
THE DIAL
the absorption of the author seems to have helped iron string so magnificently twanged by Emerson
rather than hindered the attainment of success gives forth a false note. This spirit of self-
ful results. A feature of the book worthy of dependence,' he asserts, was dangerous at the
special praise is the numerous maps, which show best.' Besides the above-indicated subjects, the
both geographical and physiographical relations. book treats of Cowper, Sainte-Beuve, Scott's
They have evidently been selected with great novels, Christina Rossetti, “Don Juan,' Short-
care, particularly those which indicate the dis house, and 'The Quest of a century.' The quest
tribution of mineral products. A few photo is for peace, and the author's closing paragraph,
graphs, none of which seems familiar and all of too long for quotation here, is especially com-
which are enlightening, appear in the book. Mr. mended to the reader's attention.
Little's work is one that should be especially ac-
ceptable in view of the general interest, and
A new life
The medieval biography is one of
equally general lack of accurate information, with
of Ireland's the most untrustworthy forms of
reference to the Far East which just now pre patron saint.
historic literature. Particularly is
vails in the United States.
this true when the subject is one of the earlier
saints. Frequently the personal histories of these
A scholarly
The better acquaintance that the
men are so completely overlaid with legend that
essayist's reader gains with Mr. Paul Elmer it is almost impossible to obtain even a glimpse
latest work.
More, as the successive volumes
of the individual as he really was. Perhaps this
of 'Shelburne Essays' (Putnam) make their ap is truer of Saint Patrick than of any of the other
pearance, is not the least part of the pleasure great Christian heroes of the middle ages. Pro-
they bestow. In the Third Series, just issued, fessor Bury, of Cambridge, England, has recently
an emphasis that speaks of personal experience undertaken to separate the mythical from the
and conviction is more than once placed on the actual, and reveal to us the real Patrick. His
unreality of things commonly held to be real, "Life of St. Patrick' (Macmillan) is a book of
and on the permanence and substantiality of the about four hundred pages, nearly half of which
ideal. "Only, perhaps the author declares, when
are devoted to a critical examination of the
the hope of love
and the visions of
sources. According to this learned historian, Pat-
-ambition, the belief in pleasure and the luxury rick was born about the year 389, somewhere in
of grief, have lost their sting, do we turn to southwestern Britain, perhaps in Wales. At the
books with the contented understanding that the
age of sixteen, he was carried as a captive into
shadow is the reality, and the seeming reality northern Connaught (not into Ulster, as some
of things is the shadow.' There is a ring, too, have maintained); but a few years later he es-
of personal reminiscence in what is said of the
caped to Gaul, whence he was taken to Italy.
significance to literary art of disappointed love After a time he found his way back to Britain;
in the literary artist. Denied the happiness of but soon the conviction came to him that he was
living his love-story, the poet is forced to realize chosen to preach the Gospel in the land of his
it in his verse. These later essays, especially captivity, and he returned to Gaul to prepare
that on Sterne, betray a fine appreciation of himself for the Christian ministry. In 432 he
humor which the earlier pieces had hardly led was consecrated bishop, and proceeded to his
one to expect. But from indulgence in humor chosen field. He was then probably forty-three
on his own part, the essayist, with a not unpraise years old. For nearly twenty years he worked
worthy restraint, still refrains, except rarely and among the Irish, his death occurring on the sev-
in a very quiet way. Chapters on Whittier, enteenth of March, 461. Most of his work was
Browning, and Swinburne show Mr. More to be done in the northern part of the island, but he
a warm lover of the Quaker poet, a less ardent was active also in other parts. Patrick was not
admirer of Browning, whom he regards as a 'false the first to plant the standards of the Church in
prophet,' and not at all enthusiastic over Swin Ireland, nor was he the first bishop of the Irish
burne. Whittier’s ‘Pennsylvania Pilgrim' strikes Church, Palladius having served a year before
him as possessing peculiar beauty, and as 'quite him; but the real growth of Christianity in those
the most characteristic of his works. Yet he regions dates from his arrival, and the organiza-
fails to find in the poet's critics and biographers tion of the Church in Ireland was largely his
any confirmation of this judgment, and is only work. The popular conception of Patrick's char-
reassured by some words of praise from Whit acter, the present biographer finds to be utterly
tier's own pen-hardly the most authoritative false; with the hero-saint of Celtic legend 'who
source. The reason of this conspiracy of silence,' curses men and even inanimate things which incur
as the essayist calls it, is not so unapparent as his displeasure,' he has nothing in common but a
'he seems to think. The three-line stanza, each
His writings reveal a strong personality,
line ending in the same rhyme, is awkward, and an intensely spiritual nature, a resolute char-
is largely responsible for many forced and faulty acter, an unbending will, and an energetic man-
rhymes. The rhythm, too, is in places anything hood. In learning he was very deficient, but
but musical. Finally, the poem, one of Whittier's he possessed in great measure those 'practical
longest, is too long; that is, it suffers in com qualities most essential for carrying through the
parison with the poet's gems of song, which, ex task which he undertook in the belief that he
cept 'Snowbound,' are all much shorter. Mr. had been divinely inspired to fulfil it.' Perhaps
More shows himself to be still unreconciled to some readers will regret that Professor Bury has
New England transcendentalism. To him, the found it necessary to reject so much picturesque
name.


278
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
material, but students of the middle ages are from many other lands; so that, turning these
likely to agree that in writing this biography the pages, the whole society of the fourteenth century
author has done a real service to the cause of passes in review. This dyer's daughter of
Irish history.
Siena had that rarest of all gifts, the power to
"The Fern Allies' is the title of a
enter thoroughly into the consciousness of other
A group
of humble handsome book recently published people. Her 'love for souls' was no cold illum-
floral friends. by the Stokes Company, New
ination, but a warm understanding of and ten-
York, for Mr. Willard N. Clute, the author. Mr.
derness for actual men and women. Accordingly,
Clute is Instructor in Botany in the Joliet town-
in these letters we find her writing to prisoners
ship high-school, and has been long known as an
and outcasts; to great nobles and plain business
enthusiastic student of Ferns. The fern allies
men; to physicians, lawyers, soldiers of fortune;
include a variety of small and generally unno-
to kings and queens and cardinals and popes; to
ticed plants whose principal interest lies in the
recluses pursuing the Beatific Vision, and to men
fact that they are kin to the ferns, and in the
and women of the world plunged in the lusts of
further fact that they are in a general way the
the flesh and governed by the pride of life.
meagre remnants of an earlier wide-spread majes-
This great adaptability, joined to the most out-
tic flora, namely, that of the age of coal. The
spoken fearlessness, gives to her letters a vitality
little club-mosses that run among the trees and
that still tingles through them after the lapse of
carpet the ground in some of our undisturbed
centuries. In one sense, her life might be counted a
northern woods, pretty green plants sending aloft
failure, since all her tears and efforts 'failed to
accomplish that reform and purification of the
yellowish spikes dusty with golden spores in their
Church for which she prayed and labored unceas-
season, are probably the most familiar of the
series, since in these later sentimental days they ingly; Those whom she loved best disappointed
are gathered from the woods and heaths in thou-
her ideal. She witnessed iniquity in high religious
sands, packed in barrels and sent to every hamlet
places, violence and corruption enlisted in the
and town, in an effort to make Christmas green.
defense of truth. Outwardly, all around her was
Hardly less familiar, however, are the old scour-
confusion; but her own life was rounded into a
the 'joint-
harmonious whole.
ing-rushes of meadow and farm,
To read the expression of
that life in her letters is to follow one of those
grasses' of childhood memory: strange, clean
stems that could be plucked apart and reunited
tragedies that are yet the salvation of the world.
as one walked to school, much as were the youth-
ful loves and friendships of those days. These An early
It was to be presumed that the
American bulk of the historical material
queer old plants, less than a hundred species of
them in all (and that means in all North Amer-
collected in Madison, Wisconsin,
ica), Mr. Clute has gathered for us, drawn every
by Mr. L. C. Draper during the thirty odd years
one, and presented by a very complete descrip-
of his administration as Secretary of the Wis-
tion in each case, so that, as he says, even the
consin Historical Society, had heretofore appeared
novice should now be able to name and know
in print. Scarcely a book or article has been
the little specimens as they are collected or
written on trans-Alleghenian history during sev-
encountered. Eight colored plates, some of them
eral decades past which has not drawn largely
more than usually life-like, contribute to the
from this storehouse. Yet the present Secretary
book's attractiveness. The style of the author
of the Society, in the preface to a 'Documentary
is generally adapted to the purpose in view,
History of Lord Dunmore's War,' says that this
but is sometimes diffuse and sometimes not clear.
is the first considerable publication from that
'Insolation,' on page 145, will not be understood.
collection of manuscripts, and that it exhibits the
The book is a valuable addition to our literature
character and scope of the remarkable store of
of less-known American plants, and will no
material yet unpublished. The volume of nearly
doubt contribute to the wider information of 500 pages is issued by the Wisconsin Historical
our people in a direction in which as intelligent Society, from funds supplied by the Sons of the
men and women we have yet much to learn, much
American Revolution of that State. It includes
to enjoy.
public records, private letters, muster-rolls, jour-
nals, and official reports, covering the year 1774,
Saint Catherine of Siena has long
The letters of a
and forming a source history of the campaign
been recognized as the most re-
saintly woman.
waged by Lord Dunmore of Virginia on the
markable woman of the four-
Shawnese and other Indians of the upper Ohio,
teenth century. The new translation of her of which the battle of Point Pleasant was the
Letters (Dent-Dutton), made and edited with
culminating feature. The documents are printed
able introductions by Miss Vida D. Scudder, re in their original forms, and the annotating is full
veals her also as one of the most significant and luminous. The work is a significant addition
authors of her time. This is not because of her
to the best products of American scholarship.
literary style (a matter that probably never en-
tered into the mind of this woman who only A handbook of
Warm praise must be accorded to
learned to write with her own hand three years arts and crafts Mr. Stewart Dick's ‘Arts and
before her death), but because, being a woman of
of Old Japan. Crafts of Old Japan' (McClurg).
personal charm and wide sympathies, she gath- It is by far the best short introduction to
ered around her friends and disciples from the subject of which it treats that has yet
every social group in Italy, as well as people appeared. Within the compass of a hundred and
Indian war.


1905.]
279
THE DIAL
+
fifty-three pages, the author tells just the things
the beginner needs to know and cannot readily
NOTES.
get at elsewhere without considerable research. King Lear' will be added immediately by Messrs.
These are set forth clearly and intelligently.
Crowell to their valuable little ‘First Folio? edition
Furthermore, the reader is spared the sentimental of Shakespeare's works.
nonsense too often indulged in by writers on this Mr. Arthur Symons, poet and essayist, will pub-
topic. Though the book is not the product of
lish shortly a new volume entitled Spiritual Ads
much original investigation, it is free from seri- ventures,' being a series of studies in temperament. .
ous error, and it is apparent that the author's The series of dictionaries published by Messrs.
appreciation of the works of art produced in Laird & Lee has had conferred upon it the distinc-
Japan is well-informed and discriminating. The
tion of a gold medal award from the Lewis and
Clark Centennial Exposition.
principal collections owned in England, he seems
to have studied with care. Those in France,
A single-volume reprint of the 'Letters and Ad-
Germany, and America, though of greater im-
dresses of Thomas Jefferson' will form an early
addition to the 'Unit Books.' This excellent series
portance, are not mentioned; presumably he is
is now issued by the Unit Book Publishing Co., suc-
not familiar with them. To this, and to having
cessors to Mr. Howard Wilford Bell.
followed too closely the writings of Strange and
The forthcoming biography of Kate Greenaway
others, some regrettable omissions and defects in
by Messrs. M. H. Spielmann and G. S. Layard,
proportion may be attributed. For instance, in which Messrs. Putnam are to publish at once, will
the chapter on color printing, Toyokuni is given contain some fifty hitherto unpublished letters
more than a page, whereas Kiyonaga, a much written by Ruskin to Miss Greenaway.
greater artist, though comparatively unknown in Two important volumes of essays announced by
England, is accorded but eight lines of faint Messrs. Bell of London are Mr. Walter Crane's
praise. Exception may be taken also to various
'Ideals in Art' and Mr. J. Churton Collins's
statements here and there, such as that most of
'Studies in Poetry and Criticism.' It it to be hoped
that both books may find their way to this country.
Harunobu's prints contain but a single figure.
But shortcomings of this kind are few. The half-
A volume of lectures by Mr. J. G. Frazer, the
author of that remarkable book "The Golden
tone illustrations, which are from objects in
Bough,' is announced by Messrs. Macmillan. They
English collections, serve their purpose suffici-
deal with the early history of kingship as an insti-
ently, though it can hardly be said that they con-
tution, and they sketch a general theory of its
vey an adequate idea of the charm of the works evolution.
reproduced.
The authorized English translation of Mr. Louis
Elbé's ‘La Vie Future has been secured for publi-
cation in this country by Messrs. A. C. McClurg &
Co. This work, first issued in Paris a few months
BRIEFER MENTION.
ago, has aroused a great deal of discussion in sci-
*Civics: Studies in American Citizenship’, by
entific and religious circles throughout France.
Mr. Waldo H. Sherman, is a new text book, highly "The Bitter Cry of the Children' is the title of a
practical in its bearings, published by the Macmii book by Mr. John Spargo, which the Macmillan
lan Co. Its principal feature is a scheme for prac Co. will publish in a few weeks, with an introduc-
tical training in politics and civic duties by means tion by Mr. Robert Hunter. The volume is
of a student organization called Collegeville. searching examination of the effects of poverty
Professor William T Brewster has performed a
upon children.
useful service for teachers of literature by collect. Two important reference works for collectors to
ing into a single volume, with notes, a number of be published immediately by Mr. Elliot Stock of
'Representative Essays on the Theory of Style.' London are the nineteenth annual volume of Book
The work gives us essays by Newman, De Quincey, Prices Current and the second year's issue of Mr.
Spencer, Lewes, Stevenson, Pater, and Mr. Frederic George East's Collector's Annual.' The last-
Harrison. It is published by the Macmillan Co. named work is a record of the year's auction sales
‘Sri Brahma Dhara,' which means 'shower from of art objects other than books.
the highest,' is a little book published by Messrs. The one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the
Luzac & Co., London. It is the work of Mahatma birth of Crabbe was celebrated recently in the
Sri Agamya Guru Paramahamsa, known in India as poet's home town of Aldeburgh. The features of
the 'Tiger Mahatma,' and called by Max Müller the occasion were an exhibition of manuscripts and
'the only Indian saint he had ever known.' This personal relics of the poet, addresses by Mr.
gifted exponent of the Vedanta philosophy visited Thomas Hardy, Mr. Clement K. Shorter, and others,
England and America some two years ago, and at and a series of tableaux vivants illustrative of cer-
tracted mueh attention.
tain incidents in Crabbe's life.
In connection with an English house, Messrs. Three interesting Wordsworth books are
McClurg & Co. have begun the publication of :. nounced by Mr. Henry Frowde. The first is 'Poems
‘Library of Standard Biography,' which starts off and Extracts, chosen by William Wordsworth’ for
auspiciously with four volumes containing Lock an album presented to Lady Mary Lowther, Christ-
hart's Burns and Scott, Carlyle's Cromwell, anıl mas, 1819. It is printed literally from the original,
Miss Strickland's Queen Elizabeth. New notes with facsimiles, and has an introduction by Pro-
and an index have been added in each case, and fessor H. Littledale, and a preface by Mr. J. Rogers
in three of the four volumes the original text has Rees. Another is' Wordsworth's Literary Criti-
been abridged to meet the requirements of the cism in Prose,' with an introduction by Mr. Nowell
present-day hurried reader. The books are neatly C. Smith; and the third, 'Wordsworth's Guide to
printed, attractively bound, and surprisingly low the Lakes,' with an introduction by Mr. E. de
in price.
Sélincourt.
an-


280
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
A complete and carefully collated edition of Cow-
per's Poems, edited by Mr. H. S. Milford, will soon
be added by Mr. Henry Frowde to his Oxford edi-
tions of the poets. Mr. Frowde has lately taken
over the World's Classics,' formerly issued by Mr.
Grant Richards, and is making arrangements to add
a number of new volumes to the series.
The publication of Mr. Herbert Paul's Life of
Froude has been postponed for a few weeks, as the
author received at the last moment permission to
include a collection of letters which will add con-
siderably to the interest of the work. Mr. Froude's
family have given Mr. Paul access to valuable bio-
graphical material in their possession, and the life
may therefore be considered authoritative.
The volume of 'New Collected Rhymes' by Mr.
Andrew Lang, which Messrs. Longmans, Green, &
Co. will publish this Fall, contains three ballads, of
which two at least — The Young Ruthven' and 'The
Queen of Spain'— were written in competition with
the street minstrels of the close of the sixteenth
century; Cricket Rhymes,' 'Jubilee Poems,' 'Loyal
Lyrics,' and a number of verses which are described
as ‘Critical of Life, Art, and Literature.'
The publishers of 'Scribner's Magazine' have
issued an attractive pamphlet embodying a sum-
mary of the most important contents of that peri-
odical since its commencement in 1887, with numer-
ous reproductions of noteworthy illustrations that
have appeared in its pages. This pamphlet is well
worth possessing for its own sake, but is particu.
larly interesting as emphasizing the high literary
and artistic standards that have always character-
ized this sterling magazine.
Popular interest in all that pertains to Abraham
Lincoln is decidedly on the increase, if the plans
of publishers may be taken as an indication. We
have already mentioned in these pages the elab-
orate ten-volume edition of Lincoln's writings
which Messrs. Putnam have in active preparation,
and also the important revision of Hay and Nico-
lay's work to be issued by the F. D. Tandy Co.
The announcement now reaches us of a series of
papers on 'Lincoln the Lawyer,' by Mr. Frederick
Trevor Hill, which will form the leading serious
feature of the Century Magazine' during the
coming year; and of a 'Boys' Life of Lincoln,' by
Miss Helen Nicolay, a daughter of the President's
secretary, which will occupy a foremost place iv
the forthcoming issues of St. Nicholas.' Finally
may be mentioned the new revised edition of Miss
M. Louise Putnam's Children's Life of Lincoln,'
just published by Messrs. McClurg & Co.
Ireland, Rural, of Today. P. F. Jones. Rev. of Revs.
Irish Land Law, The. T. W. Russell. Rev. of Revs.
Irving, Sir Henry. L. F. Austin. NO. Amer.
Japan's Commercial Aspirations. F. C. Penfield. No. Amer.
Japan's Navy, Sanitation of. Rev. of Revs.
Japanese Military Sanitation, Lessons of. Rev. of Revs.
Jew in America, The. Abram S. Isaacs. No. Amer.
Jew in American History. M. J. Kohler. Rev. of Revs.
Korea and Manchuria under Now Treaty. Atlantic.
Labor Unions, Hope for. J. L. Laughlin. Scribner.
Life Insurance, Driving Power of. Rev. of Revs.
Life Insurance Methode, Louis Windmüller. Forum.
Literature, Commercialization of. Henry Holt. Atlantic.
Morocco, Situation in. Ion Perdicaris. No. Amer.
Music-School Settlement, A. P. V. Mighels. Harper.
New York, An Impressionist's. H. G. Dwight. Scribner.
Novel and Play, Modern. Brander Matthews. No. Amer.
Panama Canal, The. William B. Parsons. Century.
Paris from 1847 to 1849. George Bancroft. Scribner.
Peace, An Unsatisfactory Apostie of. Karl Blind. Forum.
Playground City, The. G. W. Harris. Rev. of Revs.
Portsmouth Peace Conference. F. de Martens. No. Amer.
Railroad Legislation, Federal. J. W. Lord. No. Amer.
Railroad Rate, The. Ray S. Baker. McClure.
Reciprocity Treaties or Double Tarif? No. Amer.
Reverend Mother's Feast. Agnes Repplier. Atlantic.
Russia's First Parliament. W. T. Stead. Rev. of Revs.
Schurz, Carl, Reminiscences of. McClure,
Shakespeare's 'Henry VI. Ernest Rhys. Harper.
Telephone Development in the United States. Atlantic,
Transportation, Pioneer American. C. F. Lummis. McClure.
Whitman in Camden, With. Horace Traubel. Century.
Wolf Hunt in Oklahoma. Theodore Roosevelt. Scribner.
Woman, Leisured, Duties of. Mrs. R. Sage. No. Amer.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
(The following list, containing 163 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES.
PART OF A MAN'S LIFE. By Thomas Wentworth Higgin-
son. Illus. in photogravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 311. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $2.50 net.
JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL: His Life and Work. By Fer-
ris Greenslet. Illus. in photogravure, etc., 12mo, gilt
top, pp. 309. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50 net.
RENASCENCE PORTRAITS. By Paul Van Dyke, D.D. 8vo,
gilt top, pp. 425. Charles Scribner's Sons. $2. net.
CHARLOTTE BRONTE and her Sisters. By Clement K.
Shorter. Illus., 12mo, uncut,
pp. 247.
"Literary
Lives." Charles Scribner's Sons. $1. net.
AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF ANTHONY TROLLOPE. New edition ;
with photogravure portrait, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 319.
Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.25.
ADMIRAL TOGO. By Arthur Lloyd, M.A. Illus., 16mo,
pp. 169.
Tokyo: Kinkodo Publishing Co.
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
November, 1905.
Animal Immortality. Peter Rabbit.' Harper.
Antarctic Explorations, My. J. B. Charcot. Harper.
Bath, A Fortnight in. W. D. Howells. Harper.
Black Masters. Calvin Dill Wilson. No. Amer.
Census Taker's Experiences, An. W. H. Allen. Atlantic
Church Federation, An American. G. P. Morris, Rev. of Revs.
Church Federation in England. G. C. Morgan. Rev. of Revs.
College Professors Pension Fund. C. F. Thwing. No. Amer.
Country in November, The. H. C. Merwin. Atlantic.
Domestic Service Progress. Lucy M. Salmon. Atlantic.
Egypt, A Great Discovery in. H. C. Greene. Century.
English Idiosyncrasies. W. D. Howells. No. Amer.
Fallacies, How to Know the. S. M. Crothers. Atlantic.
Football, English and American. R. D. Paine. Century.
Hotel du Prince Eugene, Paris. C. Gronkowski. Century.
Hungry Country, The. Henry W. Nevinson. Harper.
Immigration and the South. R. D. Ward. Atlantic.
Indiana's Municipal Code. H. 0. Stachhan. Forum.
Insect Herds and Herders. H. C. McCook. Harper.
HISTORY.
SEA POWER IN ITS RELATION TO THE WAR OF 1812. By
Captain A. T. Mahan, D.C.L. In 2 vols., with photo-
gravure frontispieces, large 8vo, gilt tops. Little,
Brown & Co. $7. net.
THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, from the Accession of George
III. to the Close of Pitt's First Administration. By
William Hunt, M.A. Large 8vo, pp. 495. Longmans,
Green & Co. $2.60 net.
ANCIENT LEGENDS OF ROMAN HISTORY. By Ettore Pals;
trans. from the Italian by Mario E. Cosenza. Illus.,
8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 336. Dodd, Mead & Co. $4.
net.
THE ENGLAND AND HOLLAND OF THE PILGRIMS. By the
late Henry Martyn Dexter, D.D., and his son Morton
Dexter. Illus., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut. Houghton,
Mifflin & Co. $3.50 net.
VERSAILLES AND THE COURT UNDER LOUIS XIV. By
James Eugene Farmer. M.A. Illus., large 8vo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 447. Century Co. $3.50 net.
WASHINGTON AND THE WEST: Being George Washing-
ton's Diary of September, 1784. With a commentary
by Archer Butler Hulbert. With frontispiece and
map, 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 217. Century Co. $2.
net.
HANDBOOK OF UNITED STATES POLITICAL HISTORY tor
Readers and Students. Compiled by Melcolm Towns-
end. Illus., 8vo, pp. 441. Lothrop, Lee & Shepard
Co. $1.60 net.


1905.]
281
THE DIAL
ITALY: Her People and their Story. By Augusta Hale
Gifford. INug., 8vo, gilt top, pp. 352. Lothrop, Lee
& Shepard Co. $1.40 net.
THE BAGLIONI: A Play in Five Acts. By Harry Lane
Eno. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 148. Motrat, Yard
& Co. $1.25.
LYRICS OF LOVE. By Charles R. Dickinson.
With por-
trait, 12mo, pp. 230. Columbia, S. C.: The State
Co. $1.25.
A SOUTHERN FLIGHT. By Frank Dempster Sherman and
Clinton Scollard. 12mo, uncut, pp. 60. Clinton, N. Y.:
G. W. Browning. $1.25 net.
By
GENERAL LITERATURE.
THE ROMANCE OF THE MILKY WAY, and Other Studies and
Stories. By Lafcadio Hearn. 12mo, uncut, pp. 209.
Houghton, Miffin & Co. $1.25 net.
THE TORCH: Eight Lectures on Race Power in Literature.
By George Edward Woodberry. 12mo, gilt top, pp.
217. McClure, Phillips & Co. $1.20 net.
GREATNESS IN LITERATURE, and Other_Papers. By W. P.
Trent. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 248. T. Y. Crowell & Co.
$1.20 net.
THE QUESTION OF OUR SPEECH, and The Lessons of Bal-
zac: Two Lectures. By Henry James. 16mo, gilt
gilt top, pp. 116. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1. net.
THE COMPANIONSHIP OF BOOK8, and Other Papers.
Frederic Rowland Marvin. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 320.
G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50 net.
THE MAKERS OF ENGLISH FICTION. By W. J. Dawson.
8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 316. Fleming H. Revell Co.
$1.50 net.
LETTERS TO 'IVY' FROM THE FIRST EARL OF DUDLEY. By
S. H. Romilly. Illus. in photogravure, etc., large 8vo,
gilt top, pp. 395. Longmans, Green & Co. $5. net.
DANTE, THE WAYFARER. By Christopher Hare. lllus. in
photogravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 355.
Charles Scribner's Sons. $2.50 net.
ADDREB8E8: Historical, Political, Sociological. By Fred-
eric R. Coudert. With photogravure portrait, large
Svo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 452. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$2.50 net.
A MODERN SYMPOSIUM, By G. Lowes Dickinson. 16mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 160. McClure, Phillips & Co. $1.
net.
BACON CRYPTOGRAMS IN SHAKESPEARE, and Other Studies.
By Isaac Hull Platt. 12mo, uncut, pp. 123. Small,
Maynard & Co. $1. net.
A MAN OF THE WORLD. By Annie Payson Call. 18mo,
gilt top, pp. 61. Little, Brown & Co. 53 cts. net.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
THE ENGLISH WORKS OF GEORGE HERBERT. Newly ar-
ranged and annotated, and considered in relation to
his life, by George Herbert Palmer. In 3 vols., illus.
in photogravure, etc., 8vo, gilt tops. Houghton, Miff-
lin & Co. $6. net.
A SENTIMENTAL JOURNEY through France and Italy. By
Mr. Yorick. Limited edition ; 8vo, uncut, pp. 231.
Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $7.50 net.
THE EARTHLY PARADISE: A Poem. By William Morris.
I 4 vols., with photogravure portrait, 12mo, gilt
tops, uncut. Longmans, Green & Co. $5.
THE POEMS OF WILLIAM WATSON. In 2 vols., with photo-
gravure portrait, 8vo, gilt tops, uncut. John Lane
Co. $2.50 net.
COMPLETE WORKS OF SHAKESPEARE,
Oxford edition.
Edited. with a glossary, by W. J. Craig, M.A. With
portrait, 8vo, gilt top, pp. 1350. Oxford University
Press.
BOSWELL'S LIFE OF JOHNSON. Oxford India Paper edi-
tion, two vols. in one. With portraits, 12mo, gilt
top, pp. 1384. Oxford University Press,
SELECT POEMS OF ROBERT BROWNING. Edited by Andrew
J. George, A.M. With photogravure portrait, 12mo,
gilt top, pp. 417. Little, Brown & Co. $1.50.
THE DEVIL IS AN Ass. By_Ben Jonson ; edited by Wil-
liam Savage Johnston, Ph.D. 8vo, pp. 250. "Yale
Studies in English." Henry Holt & Co. Paper, $2.
ROMANO LAVO-LIL: Word-Book of the Romany or Eng-
lish Gypsy Language. By George Borrow 12mo,
gilt top, pp. 274. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $2. net.
THE NOVELS OF LAURENCE STERNE. With photogravure
frontispiece, 18mo, gilt top, pp. 725. Charles Scrib-
ner's Sons. $1.25 net.
HANDY VOLUME CLASSICS. New vols. : Selections from
the Writings of Franklin, edited by U. Waldo Cutler;
One Hundred Best American Poems, selected by John
R. Howard. Each with portrait, 18mo. T. Y. Crowell
& Co. Per vol., 35 cts.
POETRY.
THE LATIN POETS: An Anthology. Compiled by Nathan
Haskell Dole. With photogravure portrait, 8vo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 365. T. Y. Crowell & Co. $2.
A SATIRE ANTHOLOGY. Collected by Carolyn Wells, 16mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 369. Charles Scribner's Sons.
$1.25 net.
A CHORUS OF LEAVES. By Charles G. Blanden. With
frontispiece, 8vo, gilt top, pp. 53. Paul Elder & Co.
$1.25 net.
THE CHILDREN OF THE NIGHT: A Book of Poems. Ву
Edwin Arlington Robinson. 16mo, uncut, pp. 121.
Charles Scribner's Sous. $1. net.
FICTION.
THE HOUSE OF MIRTH. By Edith Wharton. Illus., 12mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 533. Charles Scribner's Sons.
$1.50.
THE CARLYLES : A Story of the Fall of the Confederacy.
By Mrs. Burton Harrison. 12mo, pp. 283. D. Apple-
ton & Co. $1.50.
THE DELUGE.
By David Graham Phillips. Illus. in
color, 12mo, pp. 482. Bobbs-Merrill Co. $1.50.
BEN BLAIR. By Will Lillibridge. With frontispiece in
color, 8vo, uncut, pp. 333. A. C. McClurg & Co.
$1.50.
AYESHA: The Return of She. By H. Rider Haggard.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 359. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.50.
PARADISE. By Alice Brown. 12mo, pp. 388. Houghton,
Miffin & Co. $1.50.
THE FLUTE OF PAN. By John Oliver Hobbes. Illus..
pp. 292.
D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
A SWORD OF THE OLD FRONTIER: A Tale of Fort Chartres
and Detroit. By Randall Parrish. Illus. in color,
8vo, pp. 407. A. C. McClurg & Co. $1.50.
SIR RAOUL: A Tale of the Theft of an Empire. By
James M. Ludlow. Illus., 12mo, pp. 370. Fleming
H. Revell Co. $1.59.
THE CHERRY RIBBAND. By S. R. Crockett. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 410.
A. S. Barnes & Co. $1.50.
THE COMING OF THE TIDE. By Margaret Sherwood. With
frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 359. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
$1.50.
A YELLOW JOURNALIST. By Miriam Michelson. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 292. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
VISIONARIES. By James Huneker. 12mo, gilt top, uncut,
PP. 343.
Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
THE STAIRCASE OF SURPRISE. By Frances Aymar
Mathews. Illus., 12mo, pp. 311. D. Appleton & Co.
$1.50.
THE IRRATIONAL KNOT. By Bernard Shaw. 12mo, uncut,
pp. 422.
Brentano's. $1.50.
SQUIRE PHIN. By Holman F. Day. Illus., 12mo, pp. 393.
A. S. Barnes & Co. $1.50.
HEARTS' HAVEN. By
Katharine Evans Blake. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 496. Bobbs-Merrill Co. $1.50.
THE BALLINGTONS. By Frances Squire. 8vo, pp. 445.
Little, Brown & Co. $1.50.
THREE DAUGHTERS OF THE CONFEDERACY. By Cyrus
Townsend Brady. Illus. in color, 12mo, pp. 440. G.
W. Dillingham Co. $1.50.
THE NORTHERNER. By Norah Davis. 12mo, pp. 324.
Century Co. $1.50.
A THIEF IN THE NIGHT: Further Adventures of A. J.
Raffles, Cricketer and Cracksman. By E. W. Hornung.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 372. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
THE TRAVELING THIRDS. By Gertrude Atherton. 12mo,
pp. 295. Harper & Brothers. $1.25.
LODGINGS IN TOWN. By Arthur Henry. Illus., 12mo, pp.
327. A. S. Barnes & Co. $1.50.
THE MAYOR OF TROY. By A. T. Quiller-Couch. 12mo,
pp. 344.
Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
THE WORK OF OUR HANDS. By H. A. Mitchell Keays.
12mo, pp. 319. McClure, Phillips & Co. $1.50.
THE DIVINING ROD: A Story of the Oil Regions. By
Francis Newton Thorpe. 12mo, pp.
356. Little,
Brown & Co. $1.50.
IN THE LAND OF THE GODS. By Alice M. Bacon. 12mo,
gilt top, pp. 273. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50.
THE DEEP SEA'S TOLL. By James B. Connolly. Illus.,
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 315. Charles Scribner's
Sons. $1.50.
THE FORTUNES OF THE LANDRAYS. By Vaughn Kester.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 481. McClure, Phillips & Co. $1.50.
PURPLE AND FINE LINEN. By Emily Post. 12mo, pp. 346.
D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
PLAIN MARY SMITH: A Romance of Red Saunders. By
Henry Wallace Phillips. Illus., 12mo, pp. 318. Cen-
tury Co. $1.50.
THE GAME AND THE CANDLE. By Frances Davidge. 12mo,
pp. 371.
D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
AN EYE FOR AN EYE. By Clarence S. Darrow. 12mo, un-
cut, pp. 213. Fox, Duffield & Co. $1.50.
OUR BEST SOCIETY. 12mo, pp. 362. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$1.50.
STORK'S NEST. By J. Breckenridge Ellis. Illus., 12mo,
Moffat, Yard & Co. $1.50.
pp. 375.


282 :
[Nov. 1,
THE DIAL
DIAL
THE SINGING OF THE FUTURE. By David Ffrangcon-, !
Davies, M.A.; preface by Sir Edward Elgar. With
photogravure portrait, large 8vo, gilt top, - uncut, pp.
276. John Lane Co.
FRANCISCAN LEGENDS IN ITALIAN ART. By Emma Gurney
Salter. Illus. in photogravure, etc., 12mo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 228. E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.50 net.
THE DAYS AND HOURS OF RAPHAEL. With Key to the
Hours. By Rachel A. La Fontaine. Illus., large 8vo,
gilt top, pp. 49. Grafton Press. $2.net.
DRAWINGS OF ROSSETTI. Text by T. Martin Wood. 4to.
Drawings of the Great Masters. Charles Scribner's
Sons. $2.50 net.
JEAN FRANCOIS MILLET. By Richard Muther. Illus., in
photogravure, etc., 16mo, gilt top, pp. 70. ' Langham
Series.'
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66
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288
[Nov. 16,
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THE NEW BOOK BY
THEODORE ROOSEVELT
OUTDOOR PASTIMES OF
AN AMERICAN HUNTER
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1905.]
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AUTO FUN
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1905.]
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[Nov. 16,
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LIFE OF PETER ILICH TCHAIKOVSKY, 1840–1853. By his brother, MODESTE TCHAI-
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[Nov. 16, 1905.
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THE DIAL
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No. 466.
NOVEMBER 16, 1905. Vol. XXXIX.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
THE LITERARY MART
295
SIR HENRY IRVING AND HIS ART. Ingram A.
Pyle.
297
THE FRENCH PEOPLE IN THEIR HOMES.
Josiah Renick Smith
. 300
.
•
BEGINNINGS OF THE CERAMIC ART. Arthur
Howard Noll
301
.
"THE JEWISH SPECTRE.' Edith J. Rich
302
STUDIES IN ADMINISTRATIVE LAW. David
Y, Thomas .
The leading feature of 'The Atlantic Month-
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mercialization of Literature,' by the veteran
publisher, Mr. Henry Holt. It is, in form, an
examination, with much discursive comment,
of the ideas set forth in the little book called
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a few months ago. That book, it will be re-
membered, was a series of heart-to-heart talks
with authors, in which much was said of the
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able profession of publishing into the mere
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being coupled with a protest against the ten-
dency to deal with the products of author-
ship upon exclusively commercial principles.
It was a book . which combined a certain ele-
ment of sound thinking with perhaps an equal
element of unconscious humor. Of the former
element, we had something to say when we dis-
cussed the book early last summer. Of the lat-
ter, we may content ourselves with remarking
that it rested chiefly upon the fact that the
spirit of commercialism was implicit in the
very arguments which were aimed against it.
This fa