, and made it the dominant
blame if it were not that a fondness for money kept
growing with his growing years. •For a good old-gen-
power in English politics. His career forms
tlemanly vice,' says Byron, I must take up with avar the central theme of the two volumes, around
ice. Pulteney did not even wait to be an old gentleman ! which events and policies easily group them-
to take up with the old-gentlemanly vice.'”
selves. In the summing up of his character,
All of the more prominent features of the the closing sentence is an epitome of his life :
political, social, and religious life of the period - He was a great statesman ; almost, but not
are briefly but clearly considered. The devel- | quite, a great man."


66
[July,
THE DIAL
-
-
--
-
-
For the most part, Mr. McCarthy has writ- own heads. In his day, he meets the same
ten a "plain unvarnished tale,” but occasion. amiable and hopeful beings that we all know,
ally he introduces a bit of charming description, the reformers who are confident that this or
like that of Quebec, which the reader pauses to that magic of legislation can do, immediately,
read again ; or a pathetic picture of sad and what the Great Reformer and his religion have
pitiful scenes where the deep sympathy of the not accomplished in eighteen hundred years.
author has betrayed itself through his pen. The distinctly modern problems begin in
The book is written in clear colloquial English, Walpole’s century; we get from him a pho-
but this detracts in no way from its interest; tograph of our ancestors' attitude — a photo-
while there is evidence of patient research and graph not re-touched, either, and taken through
discriminating judgment which will make it a reasonably rectilinear, non-achromatic lens.
valuable both to the student and to the casual This is not to deny Walpole's Whig prejudices
reader alike.
C. W. FRENCH.
or his lack of the finer moral sensibilities ; nev-
ertheless, in general, he is indifferent enough
to be tolerant—and to be truthful.
THE LETTERS OF: HORACE WALPOLE.*
But after all, the serious people who read
the Letters to be instructed are only a small
The books “ without which no gentleman's party in the great company of Horace's admir-
library is complete" are usually more adapted ers. Those of us who scorn to have a turn for
to the library than the gentleman's reading ; scandal may frankly and decorously avow a
but an exception must be made in favor of turn for wit. And is anyone more easily, con-
Walpole's Letters. We do not any longer sit tinuously, witty than Walpole?
up nights, reading the “ Castle of Otranto,” | Here is a new edition of the Letters very
and the helmet has clean lost its creepy fasci conscientiously edited by Mr. Yonge, whose
nation ; but Walpole’s Letters delight each other works (notably, the “ History of France
successive generation. Nor, indeed, can one under the Bourbons ") have shown his famil-
imagine any abatement of their inextinguisha iarity with the period. The present edition is
ble charm. No student of the eighteenth cen | handsome, and is in a convenient form. The
tury, however perfunctorily he may take him notes are good, although the editor might some-
self, can afford to neglect that wonderful canvas times take a little more for granted in behalf
whereon are posed, in undress, so many great of the reader. Of course, one will miss one's
personages, such vital and terrible events. For pet letters, but four volumes cannot be boiled
that matter, the philosopher, the man of affairs, down into two without losing some of the juice.
the politician, and the philanthropist - unless As one turns over the pages, how surpris-
his philanthropy shall have deprived him of his ingly modern are some of the twists of fancy
natural vision,—may find grave instruction in and most of the humor. That is a pretty thing
these light pages. They are instinct with the he says to a friend, reproaching him gratefully
lessons of other men's experience.
for his too lavish generosity : “ My house is
Walpole’s life almost measures the eighteenth full of your presents and my blushes.”
century. Conceive of the amazing panorama It is not necessary to agree with him to be
unrolled by this one man! The foppish strip amused at this judgment of the Methodists :
ling who begins the Letters (such an eager, “However, I have been to one opera, Mr. Wesley's.
gay, expectant young fellow it is, surveying They have boys and girls with charming voices that sing
life in so many directions with the same exhil hymns in parts, to Scotch ballad tunes; but indeed so
erated curiosity !) is as frightened as so cheer-
long that we would think they were already in eternity,
and knew how much time they had before them.”
ful a nature can be at the prospect of a Stuart
bringing back the middle ages of divine right | There is a dash of malice in what follows of
of kings to England. The despondent old man Wesley himself : “ Wondrous clean, but as
who writes the last Letters has seen the squalid
evidently an actor as Garrick.”
ending of the house of Stuart and the upheaval His portraits of men, in a sentence, are little
of royalty in America and France. Then be- silhouettes, with sometimes an extraordinary
gins for his ears the mutterings of that indus- likeness. He says shrewdly of Wilkes, for
trial tempest which is so ominously near our instance, that the - House of Commons is the
place where he can do the least harm.” “ For,"
* LETTERS OF HORACE WALPOLE. Selected and 'sdited
he explains, “ he is a wretched speaker, and
by Charles Duke Yonge, M.A. In two volumes. London: T.
Fisher Unwin, New York: G, P. Putnam's Sons.
| will sink to contempt like Admiral Vernon,


1890.]
67
THE DIAL
who, I remember, was just such an illuminated Swinburne sees the light. In opening this re-
hero, with two birthdays in one year.”
view of the poetry of recent months, there can
Some of the criticisms in art and literature be no question that the place of honor belongs
are equally keen. A good many of us who to the author of “ The Earthly Paradise.” Yet
have read them will agree with him when he at first sight we hesitate in our classification
rails at “ those deplorable tedious lamentations of the new work, for the form in which it is
• Clarissa' and · Sir Charles Grandison.'” shaped is verse and prose commingled, with
Americans cannot fail to be interested in even a preponderance of the latter. The pro-
one feature of these volumes, a feature which portion of verse is, however, sufficiently large
strikes one more in the condensed work than to silence our scruples upon the subject, weak-
in the bulky original,—that is, the breadth and ened as those scruples are by a sense of the
insight of Walpole's views regarding the Rev. wonderfully poetic character of the prose in
olution. He says truly enough that “ from the which Mr. Morris tells much of his story.
hour that fatal egg, the stamp act, was laid,” While we attach too much importance to the
he disliked it. He adds bitterly:
purely formal definition of poetry to be willing
“I now hear many curse it who fed the vermin with to use that word as a description of Mr. Mor-
poisonous weeds. Yet the guilty and innocent rue it ris's prose, we must admit that if any prose
alike. . . . Oh, where is the dove with the olive
could fairly claim to be called poetry, it would
branch ? Long ago, I told you that you and I might
not live to see an end of the American war. It is very
be such prose as that in which the following
near its end, indeed, now-its consequences are far from passage is written :
a conclusion. In some respects, they are commencing « Then she turned toward Thiodolf with a calm and
a new date, which will reach far beyond us."
solemn face, though it was very pale and looked as if
Walpole is not commonly rated as a hero ;
she would not smile again. Elfric had risen up and
was standing by the board speechless, and the passion
but I never read any number of his Letters
of sobs still struggling in her bosom. She put him
written during the old age which he had dread aside gently, and went up to Thiodolf and stood above
ed, without receiving the impression of some him, and looked down on his face awhile; then she put
thing heroic and pathetic both in our friend.
forth her hand and closed his eyes, and stooped down,
and kissed his face. Then she stood up again and faced
He is so resolutely cheerful, making as little
the Hall, and looked and saw that many were stream-
moan as a Spartan over his own pains of mind ing in, and that though the smoke was still eddying
or body, and with such a capacious sympathy overhead, the fire was well-nigh quenched within; and
for others' troubles. To the very end, after without the sound of battle had sunk and died away.
his own fashion, he is a patriot; and far more
For indeed the Markmen had ended their day's work
before noontide that day, and the more part of the Ro-
effectually than Sir Charles Grandison, he em-
mans were slain, and to the rest they had given peace
bodies the eighteenth century ideal of a fine till the Folk-mote should give Doom concerning them;
gentleman.
for pity of these valiant men was growing in the hearts
OCTAVE THANET.
of the valiant men who had vanquished them, now that
they feared them no more."
“ A Tale of the House of the Wolfings and
RECENT BOOKS OF POETRY.*
All the Kindreds of the Mark” is a story of
The season that witnesses the appearance of the Roman invasion of Germany and of the
a new volume bearing the name of Mr. Will Teutonic victory over the invading host. For
iam Morris is hardly less memorable than that the purpose of telling the story, Mr. Morris
in which a new work of Lord Tennyson or Mr. may almost be said to have invented a new lit-
erary form, for, while his work as strongly sug-
*A TALE OF THE HOUSE OF THE WOLFINGS and All the
Kindreds of the Mark. Written in Prose and in Verse by
gestive of the saga and the mediæval epic, it
William Morris. Boston: Roberts Brothers.
is not distinctly imitative of those species of
ELEUSIS: A Poem. Chicago: Privately Printed.
composition, but has a freshness and an indi-
BOHEMIAN LEGENDS AND BALLADS. By F. P. Kopta. viduality of its own. A little archaic in vo-
Schüttenhofen: A. Jansky.
cabulary, and touched with a primitive emotion
SPRING AND SUMMER; or, Blushing Hours. By William
T. Washburn. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
befitting its theme—that of the childhood of
GETTYSBURG AND OTHER POEMs. By Isaac R. Penny a race,—it has yet the sure poetic vision and
packer. Philadelphia : Porter & Coates.
deeply sympathetic feeling of the modern ar-
POEMs. By John Hay. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
tist; it gleams with a light that never, per-
AUSTRALIAN Poets, 1788-1888. Edited by Douglas B. W.
haps, was on either saga or popular epic. We
Sladen, B.A. New York: Cassell Publishing Co.
THE WORKS OF LEWIS MORRIS. New York: Longmans,
have given an illustration of the poetic prose
Green, & Co.
which forms a setting for the verse interludes


68
[July,
THE DIAL
of the narrative ; it remains to make an extract
from one of those interludes. The following
will, perhaps, do as well as any, for it is diffi.
cult to find a passage that may be taken apart
from the context without a considerable loss of
force. Our extract is from the words of the
Hall-Sun—the vestal seeress of the Wolfing
tribe — spoken over the bodies of the slain
chiefs.
“O kindreds, here before you two mighty bodies lie ;
Henceforth no man shall see them in house and field go by,
As we were used to behold them, familiar to us then,
As the wind beneath the heavens and the sun that shines
on men ;
Now soon shall there be nothing of their dwelling-place to
tell,
Save the billow of the meadows, the flower-grown grassy
swell!
Now therefore, () ye kindreds, if amidst you there be one
Who hath known the heart of the War-dukes, and the
deeds their hands have done,
Will not the word be with him, while yet your hearts are
hot,
Of our praise and long remembrance, and our love that
dieth not?
Then let him come up hither and speak the latest word
O’er the limbs of the battle-weary and the hearts outworn
with the sword.”
That the work which contains these lines is a
noble piece of imaginative literature, no one
may doubt who reads it. - The House of the
Wolfings” is the work of a great poet, of one
of the greatest poets of our age. The volume
in which it appears is a beautiful piece of
book-making, and has a striking photograv-
ure portrait of the author. The “Athenæum”
review of the work—in which the master-hand
of Mr. Theodore Watts is very evident — is
printed as an appendix, and may be said to
be as good criticism as the book itself is good
poetry.
The remarkable volume of anonymous verse
bearing the simple title “ Eleusis : A Poem”
calls for more than a word of mention. The
work is divided into three cantos, each consist-
ing of a prelude followed by a group of poems
varying in length, and it is all written in the
familiar stanzaic form of - In Memoriam."
The form thus consecrated by the noblest En.
glish poem of our age is one not to be lightly
ven by the tried singer, and he is
bold indeed who takes for his model not merely
the form but the spirit of that poem as well.
Yet this the author of “ Eleusis” has done, and
done so well that his work is not wholly ob-
scured even by the radiance of its high proto-
type. In its composition, the influence of In
Memoriam" must be admitted once for all.
Without - In Memoriam” no section or even
stanza of “ Eleusis” could possibly have been
written. The cadence of the older poem is
followed ; its concentration and truncation of
thought is copied ; its peculiarities of style, of
construction, and of figure are reproduced, and
likewise its searching pathos, its measureless
yearnings, and its sublimely prophetic vision.
It is hardly necessary to say that the two poems
exhibit these qualities in widely differing de-
grees ; the striking fact to be noted is that they
are all present, in some degree, in the lesser
and newer work. And this does not condemn
the poem, as might at first appear ; for, al-
though imitative, it is a strong and beautiful
piece of work, and at its best it offers verse
which few poets might not be justly proud to
claim. To us, the poem is at its best in such
a passage as the following, descriptive of the
world's great men :
"" To such the web more intricate
Of human thought reveals its clue,
And keen their insight to construe
What others bare enignias rate.
“These measure hearts and fathom seas
Of mental ebb and moral flow,
And by unerring plummet know
What purpose rules, what motives please ;
“ Thus holding hidden reins of power
They leap to empire ; hap they climb
To thrones commensurate with time;
Or wear the warrior's laurel flower;
"Or, nobler, up the esplanade
Whereon great Learning rears her dome
They go sublime, and find a home
Eternal in her proud arcade.
“ Imperial pediments uphold
Their sculptured effigies, and high
Memorial columns kiss the sky,
While history writes their names in gold.
“The true Illuminati they;
Their demons not the shades that prest
At some magician's base behest
From the deep regions of decay,
“But such as his who far-so far-
Transcended all the storied past,
Out-reasoned Reason, and at last
Glows ancient Athens' brightest star."
The Tennysonian affinities of these verses are
evident enough, yet we must admit that they
do more than echo the thought of " In Memo-
riam.” Sometimes, indeed, there is little but
the echo, as in this stanza :
“For Nature hath a step of steel
To crush her children when they cry;
They plead, and pleading yet must lie
Beneath her feet who cannot feel.”
Occasionally the echo is of another poet than
Tennyson ; of Arnold, in this stanza :
* The instinctive passion to be free
Alone prevents our death in life;
And in a never-ending strife
We fight with foes we cannot see."


1890.]
69
THE DIAL
And of Swinburne or Emerson in this :
This will do for a sample. We hope that our
“For I who hear am he who sings;
readers will not give it up too hastily, for it
And what is sung, that too is Me;
really does mean something, and that is more
For I am one and yet am three, -
The listener, singer, and the strings."
than can always be said even of the verses of
But allowing for all this more or less inevita-
the late Mr. Browning.
ble reproduction of the thought of other poets,
Among recent collections of verse not now
** Eleusis” offers a sufficient residuum of orig-
published for the first time, we note one or two
inal expression to make it a noteworthy pro-
volumes of interest. The “ Poems” of Mr.
duction, and one which we would gladly illus-
John Hay include the familiar and popular
trate at greater length than we are enabled
“ Pike County Ballads,” a series of "Wander-
here to do. The magnificent picture of a Ro-
lieder ” which display a somewhat fiery repub-
man Triumph, for example, or the tender elegy
licanism, a few translations from Heine and
that brings the volume to a close, are richly
others, and a considerable number of miscella-
deserving of quotation ; but for them the reader
neous pieces. Mr. Hay's work is always facile
must be referred to the volume itself, of which
and sometimes impressive, and deserves the
we hope that he may be fortunate enough to
pretty dress in which it now appears.
Mr. Douglas B. W. Sladen's - Australian
get possession.
Among minor volumes of verse, there is one
Poets" is the third collection of the sort which
that comes to us all the way from Bohemia, a
he has edited. It is a more extensive collec-
pamphlet entitled “ Bohemian Legends and
tion than its predecessors, and also more com-
Ballads," the work of Mr. F. P. Kopta. Un-
prehensive, for they were made to include only
fortunately, Mr. Kopta's ambition outruns both
poems inspired by life in Australia and New
his knowledge of the English language and the
Zealand, while this finds room for poems upon
resources of his printing-office, and the result
other subjects, although all the poems included,
is very amusing. We read in these pages of
we are given to understand, have been “pro-
how John Huss was tortured with gibs and
duced in the Antipodes." An essay “ Con-
curse,” and with many other cheerful matters.
cerning Australian Poets" is contributed by
The writer is insistent in the avowal that he
Mr. Arthur Patchett Martin. Both the ed-
will not forget his native land, wherever he
itor and his essayist are enthusiastic in their
may roam. He tells us, indeed, that
praise of Australian song, rather more so than
the merits of the product warrant; but we
"Memory shall wander back at will,
Amidst thy forests and thy fields,
are glad to have such a collection, and glad
And I shall see each well-known hill,
that it has been prepared by hands so compe-
And listen to the echoes peals."
tent.
Mr. Washburn's “Spring and Summer ; or, As our article was opened with a review of
Blushing Hours" (we are haunted by that the new volume of Mr. William Morris, it is
mysterious sub-title) shows the writer to be an quite fitting that it should be closed with a ref-
industrious poet, if not a tuneful one. The
ence to Mr. Lewis Morris, whom some inno-
volume has more than four hundred pages, into
cent persons, who have never read the work
which we dive at random, and bring up this of either, or to whom prose and poetry are
gem of ray serene :
much the same thing, are wont to confuse with
"Then Linda from its scabbard's lair
his great namesake. A neatly-printed volume
Drew forth a dagger sharp ;
Between his neck and shoulder bare
just received contains the entire works of the
A stroke she struck so fair,
industrious Welshman whose name has been
It made his body warp.”
suggested, and, we believe, seriously, as that
Mr. Isaac R. Pennypacker has collected a of a possible successor to the Laureate. We
few of his random thoughts, sawn them into have now the “ Songs of Two Worlds" (all
suitable lengths, and published the product as three series), “ The Epic of Hades," " Gwen,”
“Gettysburg and Other Poems." We do not “ The Ode of Life,” “ Songs Unsung” (alas,
get far into the volume before we come to an that they should belie their name in one sense
inn-keeper, who is looking out upon the road and not in another), “ Gycia," and " Songs of
"O'er which, in state, some hours before,
Britain.” And all this work is so conscien-
A coach, drawn by four horses gray,
tious, and yet so hopelessy imitative and com-
No other than the Governor,
Refreshed, had borne upon his way.
monplace!
Well might the host recount his gain
William MORTON PAYNE.
From meat and drink for all that train."


THE DIAL
[July,
Ks.
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
French language, in view of the rapidly increasing
French and Romish population, will ever hold the
Sir CHARLES DILKE and his publishers have
vote of the influential province of Quebec against
both challenged a dangerous comparison in his lat-
annexation to the United States. Very forcibly is
est volume, “ Problems of Greater Britain” (Mac-
brought out the one-man nature of the Dominion
millan). Not only is the book bound uniform with
Government under that American Bismarck—Sir
Mr. Bryce's " The American Commonwealth,” but
John McDonald. Neither annexation to the United
both works are laid out on the same lines. Sir
States nor separation from England seem necessary
Charles attempts to do for colonial Britain what
future events to Sir Charles, but he rather looks to
Mr. Bryce has so brilliantly done for the United
see Canada “ work out a prosperous destiny for her-
States, under the three identical heads of survey of
self under her present relations with the British
the political institutions, survey of the society, and
Crown,” for it is largely the crown which holds En-
outlook for the future. The challenge is bold, but
glish and Methodist Ontario and Romish and French
it is fairly well met. Dilke's volume will not only
Quebec in harmonious union. Imperial Federation
take its place on the shelf beside - The American
Sir Charles Dilke does not believe in as a future
Sir C
Commonwealth," but it will also maintain a position
cement for Britain and Greater Britain. But Fed-
as a companion treatise on that other half of the
eralism of the Canadian type for Australia and
English outland race. The point of approach for
South Africa, and a generous recognition of racial
the two works is somewhat different. Mr. Bryce
differences at the Cape and in India, with the rep-
published in the centennial year of our Federal
resentative principle gradually conceded to Boers
Government; there is a consequent attitute of his-
and to “ National Congresses,” will do much, in his
toric looking backward even in his description, and
view, to form four great federations centering in
his glance into the future is keen but brief. Sir
English blood and English influence, which shall
Charles Dilke, whose thoughtful essays on - The
for long recognize in the allied mother country
British Army," contributed to the - Fortnightly
the power which makes them united irresistible,
Review” during 1888, presented him to a world to
until the day when they can stand beside her in
which he had just returned from “ Coventry” as an
their strength, no longer as children, but as allies
alarmist in the most patriotic sense of that word,
of common blood, in a degree, and of common in-
maintains that attitude of mind in the book under
terests throughout. But to this end he maintains
review, and consequently glances into the future
that these colonies should make themselves ready
with prolonged and, we believe, penetrating vision.
for that day by an immediate strengthening of their
Mr. Bryce was happy in a subject which was a unit ;
armaments and fostering of their own citizen-sol-
Sir Charles is embarrassed with a fourfold field of
dierv. Sir Charles is too wise a student of human
unrelated actions ; yet each section—whether on
and national ambitions to believe in the near ap-
Canada, Australia, South Africa, or India -- is a
proach of a general disarmament of nations, and,
masterly treatise in itself. The range is enormous,
biding the postponed arrival of that much-to-be-
and no man can master it as Bryce has mastered
desired consummation, suggests the motto of Sem-
our political and social life; yet since Dilke pub-
lished his “Greater Britain " he has twice gone
per Paratus even for commercially-inclined peoples.
round the globe, and this new work is the result Even the driest and most abstruse subjects seem
largely of personal observation, shrewdly and pa capable of being made simple and clear, provided
tiently made. Remarkably accurate and unpreju the person dealing with them knows enough about
diced in its statements, it shows that the author them. A man must have lived long and lovingly
shares with the great writer with whom he chal with his theme, before he is able to distinguish the
lenges comparison that habit of mind so rarely at essential from the non-essential, before he acquires
tained to by Englishmen-non-insularity. Slight the sure instinct teaching him what details are to
confusions, like that of the Canadian with the New be shown in light, and what to be left in shadow.
foundland Labrador, only make one wonder more. This is especially true of abridgments or “ Primers”
at the large grasp of details over so large a portion of of great themes, and only those learned in all the
the earth, and one lays down the 700 crowded pages lore of their subject are successful condensers. A
with admiration for this profound and statesmanlike very happy example of the simple and vivid treat-
contribution to the library of civics. The author ment of a far-away and difficult subject is the late
finds much to praise in the Canadian system of fed-'Professor William F. Allen's - Short History of the
eration, and considers a plan which has united un- Roman People" (Ginn). Professor Allen's range
der one fairly harmonious government three hostile of studies was very wide, as readers of his contri-
races and two warring religions, and which gives butions to The DIAL need not be told. Yet, in one
to the central authority immense prerogatives and sense, this Roman history was his life-work, since it
large opportunity of energetic action, whilst retain- | was in the making during nearly all the years of his
ing for the constituent provinces a perfect local | literary activity. The closing days of his life, in
freedom, "the ideal of a federal power as traced December, 1889, were given to the revision of the
by Tocqueville.” He thinks that the concessions proof-sheets of this work, which, so far back as
made by the State to Roman Catholicism and to the 1 1854, he had confided to a friend as being a cher-


1890.]
71
THE DIAL
ished project. Soon after, he spent a winter in tain first to a decent knowledge of the latter's sur-
Rome, studying its topography and building up in his roundings. As to the evils of negro suffrage, the
mind a picture of the Eternal City in the days of author expresses himself pretty plainly; but he does
its glory. The task he proposed to himself was, to not hold that it is only when ignorance is coupled
know the civilization of Rome in the middle ages with a black skin that it should be deprived of the
-" To know its events, its personages, its literature, ballot. On this point he is explicit : « Universal
its thought in every department-political, religious, suffrage is well enough in New England, in the
philosophical—its science, its industry and art; and country towns, where there is general intelligence
then to be familiar with the manifestations of all and the people have been trained to voting in the
these in the every-day life of the people, the man- | town elections ; but to give it to the ignorant crea-
ners and customs, the dress and furniture, the in- tures that are • dumped ’like cattle on our shores is
stitutions and modes of procedure, the transient the very insanity of democracy.” Dr. Field does
phases of thought and tricks of speech.” Such an | not attempt to solve the grave questions upon which
ideal as this, without haste in the execution, and he touches. The situation is, however, fairly set
from one of such genuine scholarship, have com forth ; and it may be unnecessary to say that such
bined to produce a work which is to be praised not schemes as the wholesale expatriation of the ne-
only for its special purpose, “ for colleges and high groes, and the purifying of the ballot by unconsti-
schools,” but for its attractions to the general reader. | tutional means, meet with small favor. The bulk
As its title indicates, it is a history of the Roman of the volume is of light texture -- anecdote, per-
people rather than of Roman kings and emperors. sonal experience, etc.; and mention should be made
The influence of economic conditions, the causes of of a graphic description of the battle of Franklin.
the failure of self-government, the effect of foreign
The second volume of Donald G. Mitchell's “En-
relations, are traced in a manner very unusual in
ancient history, and the modern student of such
glish Lands, Letters, and Kings” (Scribner) is, like
the first, welcome for its fresh and picturesque pre-
themes will find here much valuable material. Ref-
sentation of familiar scenes, names, and persons.
erences to carefully-selected historical novels and to
The first volume extended - From Celt to Tudor":
popular works for collateral reading are another
valuable feature, while the illustrations and maps
the second continues the story “ From Elizabeth to
show great wisdom and care in selection. The book
Anne.” Standing on the threshold of the seven-
consists of 350 pages, and may be had either alone
teenth century, we are shown James I. “ making his
or bound with President Myers's “ The Eastern Na-
shambling way to the throne-beset by spoilsmen,”
tions and Greece," the two forming Parts I. and
while certain vivid touches of characterization show
II. of "Ancient History.”
the great change in the national temper, owing to
the change of ruler. James's power was “ the power
DR. HENRY M. FIELD's - Bright Skies and Dark of a blister that keeps irritating-and not, like Eliz-
Shadows" (Scribner) is the literary outcome of a abeth's, the power of a bludgeon that thwacks and
winter tour through the Southern States. The makes an end.” “Englishmen were not as boast-
“shadows” are cast, as may be surmised, by the ful of being Englishmen as in the days the virgin
Race Problem—to the present aspects and future Elizabeth queened it, and shattered the Spanish
possibilities of which the author devotes the more Armada, and made her will and England's power
serious portion of his book. The volume is marked respected everywhere." Yet withal, “ the trail of
by Dr. Field's usual kindly good sense, and honest Elizabethan literary splendor was still all aglow.”
desire, where debatable questions arise, to fairly set | Though Spenser and Marlowe and Sidney were
forth the views of all parties. We heartily wish gone, Raleigh and Francis Bacon, Heywood, Dek-
that they who assume the task of guiding public ker, and Ben Jonson were still living, while Shakes-
opinion, North and South, were endowed with a peare was at his best and acting in his own plays
tithe of the author's toleration. Dr. Field believes at the newly-built Globe Theatre. Mr. Mitchell
the Race Problem to be the gravest that ever | frankly confesses a shrinking from undertaking to
touched a nation's life,” and he shows that its grav deal with the famous Shakespeare, known so well
ity is yearly increasing. Despite Theodore Par- to all the world, and about whom so much has been
ker's prediction that “ When slavery is abolished, written and said ; but cannot decline the task, since
the African population will decline in the United the great dramatist seems “not so much a person-
States," we are confronted with the truth that since ality as some great British stronghold, with out-
the war the blacks have increased at the rate of works and with pennons flying, standing all athwart
over a hundred thousand a year; that, as some put the Elizabethan valley down which our track leads
it, while the whites have increased, the blacks us." So he gives us one more recital of the oft-
have swarmed." The facts cited by Dr. Field in told story of Shakespeare's life and literary labors,
this connection will attract the attention of those not one of the least charming, though, like all the
readers whose mental condition is such as to admit rest, forced to draw largely on the imagination for its
of the weighing of evidence at all; and it is cer- | facts. In the succeeding reigns—the two Charleses,
tainly well for us at the North who presume to sit James II., William and Mary, Queen Anne—it is
in judgment upon our Southern fellow-citizens to at- still the writers rather than the sovereigns that in-


72
[July,
THE DIAL
terest us. How could it be otherwise, since it in- work, also, to call upon Dean Kitchin for the story
cludes such interesting, though such widely differing of - Winchester" in the - Historic Towns” series
figures, as George Herbert, John Milton, Samuel (Longmans). He has given us, “ almost entirely
Pepys, John Bunyan, Sir Richard Steele, Joseph from original authorities," a most valuable bit of
Addison, and Jonathan Swift? Dates and statistics local history, dealt with in his usual scholarly man-
are relegated to brief foot-notes, thus relieving the ner, and set forth in a clear and attractive style.
narrative of all impediments to its easy graceful Passing briefly over the Saxon days; when this was
flow without sacrificing useful landmarks. The vol- the royal city and a peer of London, he dwells upon
umes are scarcely less entertaining than historical the period of deeper interest when the king-maker
fiction, and must surely have something of the same bishop, Henry of Blois, made his bishop's-stool the
value in stimulating the imagination to a realization centre of English polities. But the culmination of
of bygone days and persons.
glory shortly preceded a long decline, for, although
the See remained for long the wealthiest in the
We take pleasure in noting still another book land, and gave great statesmen to the royal coun-
from the pen of Mr. Andrew Lang. “Old Friends” cils, such as William of Wykeham, Cardinal Beau-
(Longmans) comprises a series of epistolary paro fort, Richard Fox, and Wolsey, it was not possible
dies originally contributed to the “ St. James Ga for it to hold a first rank in the face of the chang-
zette," and the author has added an introductory ing economic conditions. “While other centres have
essay, written in his familiar vein of kindly serio leapt forward with feverish speed, and in so doing
humorous criticism. Mr. Lang is, confessedly, “ an have trodden out all relics of their ancient state,
assiduous and veteran novel-reader," and has a rare Winchester, lying out of the main streams of En-
appreciation of the humors of the men and women glish industry and life, has almost stood still.” But
who figure in his favorite pages. It is agreeable,” | the student of local life will here find a judicious
he says in his Introductory, “ to wonder what all selection of valuable material, not only from the
these very real people would have thought of their middle ages, but even down into our own century.
companions in the regions of Romance, and to guess
how their natures would have acted and re-acted on AN " Introduction to the Study of Dante," writ-
each other.” It is partly in pursuance of this con-
ten some twenty years ago by Mr. J. Addington
jecture that the studies in the present volume are Symonds, has long been out of print, and difficult
written. They are cast in the form of epistles from to obtain at any price. We welcome a new edition
well-known characters in fiction-Clive Newcome, of the work (Macmillan), because it is perhaps the
Harold Skimpole, Dugald Dalgetty, Mr. Casaubon, best piece of Dante-criticism in the English lan-
etc.,-a device well adapted to display the author's
guage ; at all events, it must be ranked with the
cleverness as a parodist. Cne of the best letters best —with the essays of Mr. Lowell and Dean
(it would be better, artistically, were the political
Church. For the beginner, this book and Scartaz-
allusions omitted) purports to be from Mrs. Gamp zini's handbook are to be recommended, with, of
to her " frequent pardner,” Betsy Prig—in which
course, a copy of Dante himself, and, perhaps, one
epistle the reader will be pleased to note a renewal of Miss Rossetti's - The Shadow of Dante.” Mr.
of friendly relations. Despite the inimitable quar Symonds has made some slight changes in the origi-
rel scene in Mrs. Gamp's boudoir, we have always nal work for the present edition, so that it is abreast
regretted the plucking asunder of those “two lovely l of recent scholarship. A reproduction of the Kirkup
berries growing on one stalk.” The closing set of
mask forms the most striking frontispiece possible.
letters introduces Mr. Pickwick, who, partly through
Besides being a critical study of the poema sacro
his old fondness for cold punch," and partly from
itself, the work includes chapters on Dante's life
the mistaken zeal of Inspector Bucket and Mons. and political affiliations, on early Italian history
Lecoq, gets into an astonishing entanglement with (which is summarized, as we need hardly say, in a
that unique rascal, Count Fosco. One of Mr. Lang's masterly manner), and on the poetry of chivalry,
pleasantest traits as a critic is his attitude of genial both in general and as related to the “Vita Nuova"
agnosticism toward the warring - schools ” of fic- in particular.
tion. As an inveterate and consistent lover of nov-
els, all is fish that comes to his net; and his rever We have already had occasion to notice favorably
ence for the Olympians of the novel-world does not the excellent “ Riverside Library for Young Peo-
preclude a kindly feeling for such people as Huck- ple” (Houghton). The seventh volume of the se-
leberry Finn and Miss Annie P. Miller. - Old
ries, “ Java : the Pearl of the East," by Mrs. S. J.
Friends” is externally attractive, and is, we should | Higginson, now at hand, complies with the high
say, about the best of Mr. Lang's reprints so far. standard set by its predecessors. In her limited
space of two hundred pages the author has man-
It was but fitting that the Episcopal city of Henry aged to pack a great deal of information, the bulk
of Blois and William of Wykeham should become of which is the result of personal observation. The
the deanery home of one of England's leading his book is, withal, very entertaining. The writer's
torians, for Winchester has played a large part in style is adapted to her subject and purpose,-clear,
English history. It was a natural assignment of direct, and thoroughly weeded of superfluities. Com-


1890.7
73
THE DIAL
-
--
ing at a time when so much superficial skimming, Poor Richard's Almanac. The Prefaces, Proverbs, and
Poems of Benjamin Franklin originally printed in “ Poor
crude diction, and general flimsiness in the form of
Richard's Almanac" for 17:33-1738. Collected and Edited
books of travel tempt the buyer with obvious allure by Paul Leicester Ford. With Frontispiece. 24mo, pp.
ments of illustration and binding, Mrs. Higginson's !
288. Gilt top. Uncut. Putnam's “ Knickerbocker Nug-
gets." $1.00.
serious and well-considered little book calls for Girls and Women. By E. Chester. 10mo, pp. 228. Hough-
special commendation.
ton's “Riverside Library for Young People.'' 75 cents.
The first book needed by the foreigner in Lon-
POETRY.
don is unquestionably a copy of Baedecker; for the The Poetical Works of Lewis Morris. With Portrait.
Svo, pp. 300. Gilt top. Uncut. Longmans, Green, &
second, we should unhesitatingly recommend the
Co. $2.00).
latest edition of London of To-Day," by Mr. | Messalina. A Tragedy in Five Acts. By Algernon Sydney
Charles Evre Pascoe (Roberts). Mr. Pascoe's hand- / Logan, author of "Saul.” 16mo, pp. 147. J. B. Lippin-
cott Co. $1.00.
book is not only a useful guide, but is agreeable
| May Blossoms. By Lillian. 18mo, pp. 113. Gilt top. Uncut.
reading, and is very prettily illustrated into the bar- |
G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.00.
gain. It tells not only of the hotels, the theatres,
and the sights, but it provides much useful inform-
FICTION.
ation for shoppers, writes of court functions, tells The Tragic Muse. By Henry James. In 2 vols. 12mo.
how to see the races, and how to have a pleasant
Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $2.50.
The Shadow of a Dream. By W. D. Howells, author of
time out of town for a few days. In the sugges-
" April Hopes.” 12mo, pp. 218. Harper & Brothers.
tions for shoppers, the names of a good many deal Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 50 cents.
ers are given ; but the author states emphatically
The House of the Wolf. A Romance. By Stanley J.
Weyman. 12mo, pp. 278. Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.25.
that they are not given by way of advertisement,
Miss Eaton's Romance: A Story of the New Jersey Shore.
and that merit alone has determined their mention. By Richard Allen. 12mo, pp. 300. Dodd, Mead & Co.
As far as we are familiar with them, the names
$1.00.
A Son of Issachar. A Romance of the Days of Messias.
given are good ones ; and this sort of information,
By Elbridge S. Brooks. 12mo, pp. 293. G. P. Putnam's
honestly given, cannot fail to be found very useful. Sons. $1.23.
A Japanese Boy. By Himself. 12mo, pp. 128. Henry
Holt & Co. $1.00.
Two Women or One? From the MSS. of Dr. Leonard
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during the month of June, 1890.]
Bella's Blue-Book: The Story of an Ugly Woman. By
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Davis. Illustrated. 8vo, pp. 301. Paper. Worthing-
HISTORY-BIOGRAPHY.
ton's "International Library." 75 cents.
The Influence of Sea-Power upon History. 1660-1783. | Xenia Repnira: A Story of the Russia of To-day. By B.
By Cap tain A. T. Mahan, U.S.N. 8vo, pp. 557. Gilt top. MacGahan. With an Introduction by Vassili Verest-
Little, Brown, & Co. $4.00.
chagin. 12mo, pp. 295. Paper. George Routledge &
The Civil War on the Border. A Narrative of Operations Sons. 50 cents.
in Missouri, Kansas, etc., during 1861-62, Based upon Joost Avelingh. A Dutch Story. By Maarten Maartens.
Official Reports of Federal and Confederate Officers. By 16mo, pp. 320. Paper. Appleton's “ Town and Country
Wiley Britton, War Dep't. With Frontispiece. 8vo, Library.” 50 cents.
pp. 165. Gilt top. Uncut. G. P. Putnam's Sons. The Jewel in the Lotos. By Mary Agnes Tincker, author
$3.00.
of “Signor Monaldini's Niece." 12mo, pp. 338. Paper,
The Political Beginnings of Kentucky: A Narrative of Lippincott's “Select Novels.” 50 cents.
Public Events Bearing on the History of that State up to Vivier, of Vivier, Longman & Company, Bankers. By W.
the Time of Its Admission into the American Union. By
C. Hudson (Barclay North), author of "Jack Gordon,
John Mason Brown. With Frontispiece Portrait. 4to.
Knight-Errant.” 16mo, pp. 280. Paper. Cassell's “Sun-
pp. 263. Paper. Uncut. “Filson Club Publications."
shine Series.” 50 cents.
John P. Morton & Co. $2.50.
Juancho, the Bull. Fighter. Translated from the French of
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208. Paper. Cassell's “Sunshine Series." 50 cents.
12mo, pp. 668. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
Stolen America. By Isobel Henderson Floyd. With Front-
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uary and April, 1890. 8vo. Paper. G. P. Putnam's Series." 50 cents.
Sons. $2.00.
The Burnt Million. By James Payn, author of “The
The Study of History in Germany and France. By Canon's Ward.” 8vo, pp. 324. Paper. Harper's “ Frank-
Paul Frédéricq. Authorized Translation by Henrietta lin Square Library.” 25 cents.
Leonard. 8vo, pp. 118. Paper. “Johns Hopkins Uni-
Tom Brown's School Days. By An Old Boy. Illustrated.
versity Studies." $1.00.
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Life and Times oi Ephraim Cutler. Prepared from His
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Perkins Cutler. With Sketches of Jervis Cutler and
TRAVEL AND ADVENTURE.
William Parker Cutler. With Frontispiece. Svo, pp. Rambles in the Black Forest. By Henry W. Wolff.
353. Robert Clarke & Co. $2.50.
12mo, pp. 331. Longmans, Green, & Co. $2.30.
Scouting for Stanley in East Africa. By Thomas Stev-
LITERARY MISCELLANY.
ens, author of " Around the World on a Bicycle." Illus-
The Art of Authorship. Literary Reminiscences, Meth-
trated. 12mo, pp. 288. Cassell Publishing Co. $2.00.
ods of Work, and Advice to Young Beginners. Person Equatorial Africa and the Country of the Dwarfs. By Paul
ally Contributed by Leading Anthors of the Day. Com-
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piled and Edited by George Bainton. 12mo, pp. 355. D. With Map and Illustrations. Abridged and Popular
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Edition. 12mo, pp. 476. Harper & Brothers. $1.75.


THE DIAL
[July
The Newest Books.
SOCIAL STUDIES-FINANCE.
Wheelbarrow. Articles and Discussions on the Labor Ques-
tion. With Portrait. 12mo, pp. 303. Open Court Pub-
lishing Co. $1.00.
Notes on the Progress of the Colored People of Ma-
ryland since the War: A Supplement to " The Negro of “ Shun the man who never laughs.”—Lavater.
Maryland." By Jeffrey R. Brackett, Ph.D. 8vo, pp. 96.
“Johns Hopkins University Studies." $1.00.
FUNNY STORIES.
Liability of a Bank for the Acts of Its Officers. Decision
of the U. S. Supreme Court. 8vo, pp. 46. Cobb's Li-
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brary Co.
American Showman). 12 mo, paper, 50 cts.;
REFERENCE-TEXT-BOOKS.
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The Century Dictionary. An Encyclopedic Lexicon of
the English Language. Prepared under the Superinten “ No man who has once heartily laughed can be
dence of William Dwight Whitney, Ph.D., LL.D., Pro-
fessor of Comparative Philology and Sanscrit in Yale altogether
altogether irreclaimably bad.”—Carlyle.
University. In 6 vols. Vol. III., G to L. 4to, pp. 2423
to 3556. The Century Co. $10.00.
A School Algebra. By G. A. Wentworth. 12mo, pp. 362.
"An artistically constructed novel.”—Boston Sat-
Leather back. Ginn & Co. $1.25.
urday Evening Gazette.
Heat as a Form of Energy. By Robert H. Thurston.
16mo, pp. 261. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.25.
XENIA REPNINA:
MISCELLANEOUS.
A Story of the Russia of To-Day.
The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine. Vol.
XXXIX., Nov., 1889, to April, 1890. Large 8vo, pp. 960.
The Century Co. $3.00.
By B. MacGahan. With an Introduction by
The Crown of Life. From the Writings of Henry Ward Vassili VERESTCHAGIN. 12mo, paper, 50c.
Beecher, Edited by Mary Storrs Haynes. With Intro-
duction by Rossiter W. Raymond. 16mo, pp. 346. D.
“A conscientious study. . . . It presents some
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on receipt of price by Messrs. A. C. MCCLURG & Co., Chicago.]
“One of the latter-day gems of French story-
--- - -- - -
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“Come and take choice of all my Library, and so beguile
thy sorrow."--Titus Andronicus, Act iv., Sc. 1.
PIERRE AND JEAN.
A GREAT NATIONAL WORK. By GUY DE MAUPASSANT. Translated by
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I do not see how any school in America can spare this work
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CAMBRIDGE. January 25, 1889. a study in disillusionment.”—N. Y. Tribune.
The selections have been made with excellent judgment,
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READY SHORTLY:
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tivity.
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Jeunesse).
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work, and for every reason must commend itself to the lover By FRANCOIS COPPEE. Translated by E. P.
of good books.
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Robins. With Illustrations by Emile Bay-
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[July,
THE DIAL
“ THE DIAL is the journal de luxe among American literary periodicals.”
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Edited by
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signed and partly unsigned, and in being a monthly. It have done for books published in this country what "The
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MT


AUG 5 1890)
THE DIAL
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Vol. XI. AUGUST. 1890. No. 124. | ences on the margin ; on page 17, for example,
there are forty-three. That the man who calls
himself compiler and editor of the book did
CONTENTS,
not save me this labor, almost makes me forget
the gratitude due him for what he has done.
THE ART OF AUTHORSHIP. Melville B. Anderson 85 The best service the reviewer of this book
TWO RELIGIOUS LEADERS. John J. Halsey . . 87
can do is to make use of his cross-references,
in order to give the reader a few of the piquant
A GOOD OLD BOOK ON OLD ENGLAND. Minerva
contrasts and interesting coincidences of opin-
B. Norton . . . . . . .
ion and experience in which the letters abound.
RECENT FICTION. William Morton Payne ... It is interesting to note the substantial unan-
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS .......... 95
imity of opinion touching a few of the great
The Century Dictionary, Vol. III.—Peabody's Har-
principles which the best rhetoricians have al-
vard Graduates Whom I Have Known.- Keltie's
ways insisted upon as fundamental. Thus, Mr.
The Statesman's Year Book. - Thayer's The Best
Walter Pater thinks all rules reducible to
Elizabethan Plays.- Forbes's Life of Havelock, in “ Truthfulness-truthfulness, I mean, to one's
"English Men of Action” Series.-Russell's Nelson, own inward view or impression.” Herein, he
in "Heroes of the Nations ” Series.
thinks, lies the significance of Buffon's saying,
BOOKS OF THE MONTH . ....
". The style is the man himself.” Almost every-
one quotes or paraphrases or suggests this say-
- - - - - -
ing. Thus, Mr. T. T. Munger : “ When you
THE ART OF AUTHORSHIP.*
have got your man, you have got your style.”
Mr. J. B. O'Reilly expresses this thought with
Mr. George Bainton, who is, I believe, libra-
Celtic intensity, exclaiming, “ Style is a vile
rian of Trinity College, has hit upon an in-
study.”
genious method of producing an'original and
The majority of these authors make state-
interesting book without mental toil. Appeal ments substantially identical with the follow-
ing by letter to a great number of authors for
ing by Mr. O'Reilly : “I gave myself no spe-
their experience and advice as to the best meth cial training in youth to form a style ; I never
ods of learning how to write effectively, and thought of it.” Similarly Mr. Froude : - I
receiving some nine-score of answers, Mr. Bain-
have never thought about style at any time in
ton has strung these answers together under | my life.” Likewise Coventry Patmore, Gerald
proper headings. To the remarks of every Massey, J. S. Blackie, Thomas Hughes, G. W.
author is prefixed a brief eulogy upon that au-
Curtis, Miss Jewett, James Bryce, and a host
thor ; and these eulogies, with few exceptions,
of others. Mr. George Meredith goes so far
would apply almost as well if they were shuf-
as to say: “I have no style, though I sup-
fled. If Mr. Bainton is a librarian, he must be
pose my work is distinctive. I am too experi-
singularly impervious to the opinion of his fel-
mental in phrases to be other than a misleading
lows; otherwise he would hardly have printed guide.” Mr. Leslie Stephen remarks in the
one hundred and seventy-eight essays on style same strain:
with no other key than a title-page, six chap “I do not perceive that I have anything to be called
ter-headings, and an - index of contributing a style, as Mr. Morley, for example, or Mr. Pater, or
authors.” Perhaps no more important addi. Mr. Stevenson have styles: and if anybody should be
tion to what the rhetorics offer on the subject of
so misguided as to wish to write like me, he must do it
by thinking of nothing except clearness and simply ex-
literary style has ever been given to the world at
pressing his meaning.”
any one time ; yet the collector has not deemed
A great many others, with Mr. Freeman at
it worth indexing ! In preparing to review
their head, “ simply speak straight on ”; and
the book I have made hundreds of cross-refer-
the gist of their advice is, “Spin your yarn in
* THE ART OF AUTHORSHIP. Literary Reminiscences, plain English.” For all these let Dr. F. W.
Methods of Work, and Advice to Young Beginners, Person Newman be the spokesman : “Good composi-
ally Contributed by Leading Authors of the Day. Compiled
and Edited by George Bainton. New York: D. Appleton
tion depends on the total culture of the mind,
& Co.
and cannot be taught as a separate art.” Or,


THE DIAL
[Aug.,
as M. Renan puts it, “ To write well is to and nights to the study of Addison,' and so
think well; there is no art of style distinct on.” Mr. James Bryce, while believing in
from the culture of the mind.” This seems an models such as Burke and Milton and Cardi-
odd view for a Frenchman to take ; one would nal Newman, calls attention to the danger "that
like to hear M. Renan's answer to the ques a student may become a mere imitator, and pro-
tion whether there is any art, distinct from the voke the annoyance of his readers by reproduc-
culture of the mind.
ing mannerisms rather than merits.” This is
M. de Laveleye and M. Taine, at all events, a danger which so courageous a man as Pro-
believe that there is an art of writing, as there fessor Huxley surely need not have feared !
is an an art of painting. Says M. Taine : Mr. Lowell and many others advise us to face
" The men of my time in France have all re it, for the sake of the great compensations to
ceived a special training with a view to style.” him who escapes. “I am inclined to think,”
M. de Laveleye emphasizes two qualities of says Mr. Lowell, “ that a man's style is born
style: the first that of clearness, the second that with him, and that a style modelled upon an-
of color,—" the employment of energetic and other's is apt to be none or worse.” Neverthe-
highly-colored word-pictures, which strike the less he concludes : “ Cato's advice, . Cum bonis
imagination, awake the attention, and stamp ambula,' is all that one feels inclined to give."
the thought on the memory.". Mr. W. D. Sarah Tytler (Miss Henrietta Kidder) repeats
Howells appears as ungrateful as M. Renan one of the good things in Mr. Lowell's letter,
for the training that has made him what he and makes it her own :
is. “I admired, and I worked hard to get, a “I believe that style is in a manner infectious, and
smooth, rich, classic style. The passion I after that by habitually keeping good company in books we
ward formed for Heine's prose forced me from
are as sure to catch the tone of their authors as we
catch the tone of the best—that is, the most spiritually
this slavery, and taught me to aim at natural-
noble, agreeable, and intelligent-society.”
ness.” And a little farther on: “ I should ad-
vise any beginner to study the raciest, strong-
Messrs. T. W. Higginson, Francis Parkman,
est, best spoken speech, and let the printed
E. E. Hale, Monier Williams, J. A. Symonds,
speech alone." This echoes the famous declar A. P. Peabody, 0. W. Holmes, P. G. Hamer-
ation of Montaigne that he would have his son ton, and Canon Westcott gratefully acknowl-
study the language of the taverns : will Mr. edge the training in the art of writing received
Howells send his son to the saloons rather than from early teachers of rhetoric. Dr. Holmes
to the Latin school and to Harvard ? And why
finds, however, that his special indebtedness to
spoken rather than printed speech ? Appar-
Professor Channing is for instructions “ how
ently Shakespeare and Swift and Bunyan and
not to write.” Professor William Minto owes
Defoe are not strong and racy enough for all his success in the way of logical and cohe-
Mr. Howells ; but he will surely admit that rent composition to the instruction of Profes-
certain sides of the language are more safely
sor Bain. That this training has its drawbacks
and conveniently studied by Mr. Bainton's
Mr. Minto hints in the following remarkable
“ young beginner ” from the pages even of
statement: “I must again say, however, that
realistic novelists, than from the lips of harlots if entertainment is a writer's purpose, all the
and criminals.
obvious rules of clear and coherent statement
Sir Edwin Arnold thinks that "no elevation seem to me, although I cannot myself, owing
or charm of style can be obtained without a to ingrained habit, get rid of them, to be a
constant artistic effort to lift language to its
mistake.” The poor Scotchman would so much
best expression.” Mr. Hamerton asserts that like to be illogical and incoherent, at times,
“good writing is as much a fine art as paint by way of variety, but he cannot attain unto
ing or musical composition.” How is this art | it. Such is the melancholy issue of the instruc-
to be learned ? With few exceptions, all these tion of Professor Bain! How Mr. Minto must
writers advise the careful study of the great long to be able to exchange places with Mr.
masters of thought and expression. “ For pre George Moore, author of the “Confessions of
cepts of style,” says Professor Goldwin Smith, a Young Man," who confesses hinıself as fol-
“you must go to the masters of style, and for
lows:
lessons in the art of composition you must go
“When I was five and twenty I could not distinguish
to artists.” Professor Huxley, indeed, has
between a verb and a noun, and until a few years ago
I could not punctuate a sentence. This suggests idiocy;
• always turned a deaf ear to the common ad-
but I was never stupid, although I could not learn; 1
vice to study good models,' to give your days / simply could not write consecutive sentences. For many


1890.]
THE DIAL
years I had to pick out and strive to put together the James Bryce, Mr. Aubrey De Vere, and Canon
fragments of sentences with which I covered reams of
Liddon prefer Cardinal Newman ; Mr. Ernest
paper. My father thought I was deficient in intelli-
Myers brackets Cardinal Newman with Gold-
gence because I could not learn to spell. I have never
succeeded in learning to spell. I am entirely opposed
win Smith, and Mr. Freeman places Goldwin
to education as it is at present understood.... An Smith at the head; Mr. George Rawlinson
educational course seems to me to be folly. ... I mentions Ruskin and Froude; Mr. Brander
scarcely know anything of Shakespeare, and I know his
Matthews owes most to Lowell; Miss Jewett
contemporaries thoroughly.... I still experience
great difficulty in disentangling my thoughts."
would be happy if she could write like Miss
Despite Mr. Moore's advanced opinions about
Thackeray ; Mr. Herman Merivale exclaims,
education and about Shakespeare, his experi-
“ In present days, • John Inglesant,' and to
ence is such as to separate him less hopelessly
me, none other." Among living women, Mrs.
from the sympathy and comprehension of ordi-
Molesworth receives the suffrage of Mr. Swin-
nary human beings, than that of the Scotch lit-
burne.
térateur who sighs in vain for deliverance from
To conclude, I briefly summarize the prin-
the body of this logic. Those who are inclined
cipal rules for “the art of authorship," as I
to hold authors in superstitious reverence will
educe them from this interesting book : 1. Be
find their account in this book. Many an author
born with the right aptitude, taste, or knack
for the art of expression.
confesses his (and especially her) sins, grammat-
2. Read choicely
and widely. This stocks the mind, cultivates
ical, logical, orthographical, and other, in almost
as frank a manner as Mr. Moore, whom Mr.
an ear for the music of style, and educates the
Bainton pronounces “ certainly clever.”
inner eye to a nice perception of word-color.
A favorite piece of advice, -upon which an
3. Study foreign languages, especially Latin
extraordinary number of authors seem to plume
and French, and practice translation critically
and assiduously. 4. Learn to think clearly
themselves, as upon something really in the na-
ture of a revelation, is the following:
and consecutively. 5. Write and rewrite what
you think, and then burn what you have writ-
“Never use a long word when you can find a short
one to answer the same purpose; never use a Latin
ten. 6. Converse much ; get experience. 7.
word when you can find a Saxon one to express the
Master some subject. 8. This apprenticeship
same meaning."
accomplished, when, in the expressive phrase
Upon this Mrs. Molesworth wisely comments of Mrs. Barr, the heart grows“ hot behind the
as follows:
pen,” you may venture to write for publication.
“I would rather advise young writers to choose the 9. Do not be chagrined at failure ; try again,
word which best expresses their meaning, be it long or harder. 10. From the practise of Mr. Bain-
short. Even in writing for children I do not entirely
ton, for whose style little can be said, I derive
confine myself to words which they can at once under-
the least hackneyed precept of all, viz., get the
stand; by the help of the context, and a little exercise
of their own brains, children soon master a new word's most celebrated authors to do it for you.
exact meaning, and each new word is so much gained
MELVILLE B. ANDERSON.
of intellectual treasure."
Incidentally, the book is full of interesting
expressions of preference for books and au-
Two RELIGIOUS LEADERS.*
thors. Who, by the suffrages of authors them-
In planning a series of biographies of repre-
selves, are the most artistic of recent or living
writers? De Quincey and Landor are fre-
sentative men in religious thought and activity,
quently mentioned as models. Mr. Freeman
the projectors of the series to which the vol-
and others owe more to Macaulay than to any
umes under review belong could have shown
other stylist. Mr. Lang is not alone in pre-
no wiser judgment than in the selection of
ferring Thackeray ; Mr. Black says: “ Tenny-
William Augustus Muhlenberg as such a lead-
er. For no other one of the men mentioned
son and Thackeray for choice.” Mr. John
Burroughs, Mr. Brander Matthews, and Pro-
in the prospectus of the series is so completely
in the van of the march of religious ideas in
fessor Minto seem to prefer Matthew Arnold.
Emerson is frequently mentioned, but Maxwell
the nineteenth century. Dr. Muhlenberg's
leadership was that combination of the ideal
Grey (Miss Tuttiett) distrusts him as “a loose
thinker.” Among writers still living, Mr. * DR. MUHLENBERG. By William Wilberforce Newton,
Pater prefers Cardinal Newman, but says that
D.D. “American Religious Leaders."' Boston: Houghton,
Mifflin & Co.
Tennyson and Browning have influenced him
Wilbur FISK. By Professor George Prentice. “Ameri-
(Mr. Pater) more than prose writers. Mr. I can Religious Leaders.” Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
-
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-
-


88
[Aug.,
THE DIAL
knowledge doet
1, entitlengregation of
and the practical which kept him ever in ad- the swing toward technical specialists for teach-
vance of public opinion, and yet never brought ers has gone too far, when would-be teachers
him out of touch with the sympathy and appre- are asked, not what they can do, but merely
ciation of the times. Yet he is known to most how much they know, and when teaching posi-
Americans to-day chiefly by the one thing he tions are too often filled by men whose great
did which least represents him—that morbid knowledge does not extend to human nature,
rhapsody familiar to every congregation of who lecture but cannot teach, and who never
Protestants in the land, entitled “I Would touch the personality of their pupils except by
Not Live Alway." We are glad to know that repellant eccentricities. What this great west-
he wrote it in his youth, and wrote a robuster ern water-shed of the East needs much to-day
version of it in his later years, and that it rep is a Christian college which shall be a teaching
resented the real state of his eminently healthy college, which shall build on such foundations
mind about as much as “ Thanatopsis” repre as Muhlenberg helped to lay, and shall teach
sented a waxing boyhood at seventeen years our youth not only by the influence of schol-
of age.
arly and trained minds, but by the added influ-
Muhlenberg was a pioneer along several im-ence of large adaptability to a needy humanity
portant lines of religious movement. He stands and of character disciplined and made practical
in the fore-front of American educators as the in the service of mankind.
founder of the system of parochial schools, and Three of Dr. Muhlenberg's undertakings
he was one of the first churchmen to break which were closely related in spirit to his edu-
away from the narrow bounds of denomination, cational activity were — his establishment in
and to call for a church whose inclusion should New York City of a free church, which he
be as large as the number of those who profess served for twelve years, and the institution in
the name of Christ. We hardly know which connection therewith of a “ Church Sister-
to admire the more : the spirit of Dr. Muhlen hood ” as an order of deaconesses ; the noble
berg with reference to education and denomi St. Luke's Hospital, to which he gave twenty
national catholicity, or that of this his most years of his life as its chaplain, and to which
recent biographer. Dr. Muhlenberg was an he brought his Sisterhood as nurses ; and his
ideal teacher and an evangelical churchman ; contribution toward a practical answer to SO-
and Dr. Newton is an ideal biographer in his cialism, from the text “God helps him who
comprehension, not only of the subject of his helps himself,” in his village of St. Johnland.
sketch, but also of the Zeitgeist. He treats These were pioneer movements toward the de-
his theme topically in a series of essays, rather livery of the masses of a great city from relig.
than in a chronological narrative, and in ad ious and physical and social disease ; and while
mirable English sets forth in its beauty a most the last failed, they all together show the large
remarkable life.
inclusiveness of the man's conception of prac-
Muhlenberg's practice and Newton's theory tical Christianity.
of education both aim at character rather than If we turn to his attitude as a churchman
at facts, at the development of conduct in ad and a clergyman we find the same thing em-
dition to capacity. They recognize the indi- phasized, in his “ Evangelical Catholicism.”
vidual in the pupil, and his moral and social Dr. Muhlenberg would have a church broad
capabilities as well as his mental. They would enough to include all who take the life of
train complete men rather than merely minds, Christ as an inspiration and a working model,
and would call for, not only a sound mind in a and low enough to reach every hovel. His
sound body, but also a sound mind with a good double aim was liturgical and episcopal free-
conscience and a high purpose. To Muhlen dom. Toward the former he demanded “ the
berg,—
freedom of prayer and of prophesying, and the
“ Education was not the impartation of knowledge, right of all the people of the congregation to
but the communication of a spirit; not the training of participate actively and audibly in the stated
an intelligence, but the development and inspiration of exercises of public worship in the sanctuary."
a soul; not the discipline of powers, but the formation
He forcibly wrote:
of a character; not familiarity with principles, but the
perfection of manhood. The real teaching force re-
"It is not the Prescription but the Proscription of
sides in the individuality of the teacher, which the Lord
the canon at which we demur. We are not weary of
has made, and not man, and which is worth more than
the liturgy,' but we are weary, quite weary, of the re-
all man-made methods in the books."
straint of a law which fastens a bondage to the liturgy
in no wise belonging to it; ... which disfranchises
Wise and timely words these, at a time when I the citizens of the Heavenly City touching their right


1890.]
THE DIAL
89
--=
of petition, dictating the words in which alone it shall recognition of Dr. Fisk's noble work for edu-
be exercised, and that in the public assemblage of the
cation within the lines of the Methodist Church.
citizens in which petition is the most availing; which in-
fringes the Magna Charta of freedom in prayer guar-
Such progress as that church has made toward
anteed by the great apostle of gospel liberty when he
a ministry of culture is largely due to his efforts
bids us come, whether in closet or church, to the throne for higher education, first as principal of the
of grace boldly, literally with freespokenness.”
Wesleyan Academy at Wilbraham, and then
As to his demand for freedom in the calling as first president of Wesleyan University at
of men to the Christian ministry, he says: Middletown. When his theological writings
“Let theological dogmata, schools, and platforms be on the vexing questions
put back to their legitimate place, to make room for a “Of Providence, Foreknowledge, Will, and Fate”
restoration of the - Catholic Consent’in the substance of
the faith; let all but confess to that; let all but agree
are forgotten, he will be remembered gratefully
in the person and offices of our blessed Lord, as the for his earnest labors and his wise counsels for
God-man, the Prophet, Priest, and King, the one Medi the education of youth. Not only did he illus-
ator between God and man, the final Judge of the quick
trate in his practice the theory of the teacher
and the dead."
emphasized in the earlier portion of this article,
Standing on this platform, he wished his church
but he apprehended, sixty years ago, one im-
to recognize its mission to preach the Gospel to
portant educational truth of whose enforcement
all mankind, and, so far as they would, through
to-day there is much need. Recognizing the
all mankind. The broad tolerance of this
importance of the college faculty as the teach-
churchman, his efforts toward Christian unity,
ing and governing body, he would have it con-
his desire for the subsidence of dogmatic the-
trol appointments to its own number, and so
ology and the emergence of fellowship in prac-
would not only call upon the men best fitted
tical faith and conduct, are worth repeating
by education and by self-interest to approve
to-day, when that other great church of the
their colleagues, but also develop an esprit du
same theology with Muhlenberg's is debating,
corps of the highest order. We wish he could
not the substance, but merely the form of its
have had a more self-controlled biographer,
credo ; and yet when many thoughtful Christ-
for, while not a mind of the first order, he was
ians are remembering that Presbyterianism is
a man of earnest life and large usefulness.
older than Calvinism, and are asking that the
confession of their church shake itself loose
JOHN J. HALSEY.
from sixteenth-century politics, and give utter-
ance to the intelligence of the nineteenth cen-
tury. Dr. Muhlenberg's justification in his own
| A Good OLD BOOK ON OLD ENGLAND.*
church was the adoption, practically, by the Nearly a quarter of a century ago, the com-
general convention at Chicago, in 1886, of the paratively few Americans who looked forward
views presented by him and his few sympathiz to travel in England, and a portion of the stay-
ers to the House of Bishops in 1853.
at-home public who had learned to read books
Professor Prentice's sketch of Wilbur Fisk of travel with interest, welcomed the first ap-
will not take the high rank won by this life of pearance of “ Old England,” in which the
Muhlenberg. It is not merely that Professor genial Professor Hoppin led his readers most
Prentice fails to recognize the critical calling profitably and delightfully through a maze of
of the historian and writes like a polemic: the English scenes. Edition after edition was
sober common-sense which underlay the enthu called for. Ten years ago, the author wrote a
siasm and pervaded the thinking of Muhlen preface for the fifth edition, in which he mod-
berg, and which, guiding his aspirations, made estly said that it was probably the last ; and
him a great man, was not given to his Meth added the chapter entitled “ England Revis-
odist contemporary in equal measure. The ited.” The present is the tenth edition, with
account of his practical experience, during his an added record of a third visit in 1888. It
early ministry, of “the Wesleyan doctrine of is handsomely printed by the Riverside Press,
entire sanctification, Christian perfection, or and contains a convenient county map of En-
perfect love,” makes one suspect that a hyster gland and Wales.
ical possession was mistaken for something It may be well to study briefly the sources
spiritual, and lays the biographer open to the of influence to be found in this perennial book.
charge of rhapsody rather than plain history.
* OLD ENGLAND. Its Scenery, Art, and People. By James
In fact, the book is so full of mysticism that
M. Hoppin, Professor of the History of Art in Yale College.
it is pleasant to turn from this feature to al Tenth Edition. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.


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[Aug.
A peculiarly terse and picturesque style lends same poetic instinct sets in their frames these
an exquisite charm to the personal story of the human pictures, and one reads a leaf of Shakes-
author's wanderings. We set out with him on peare in the natural light in which it was writ-
a railway ride along the north coast of Wales, ten. We wander, at Stratford-on-Avon, amid
where we see the foreheads of great green the townspeople, — burly magistrate, bearded
cliffs, the rush and swirl of the waves, the soft soldier, young man, lover, schoolboy, and nurs-
blue mountains in the misty distance with the ing babe; and we hear a tired old woman
haze of morning light filling all the spaces be shrieking into a fit in Shakespeare's church in
tween their summits. The broken towers and the midst of the services. We cross a Lon-
majestic battlements of Caernarvon Castle lift don street with a pallid little crippled street-
for us their slim turrets, and disclose their sweeper, half-naked, with the stump of an old
great fights of stairs broken midway, where broom in his hand, hopping cheerily after us
the lightest maiden's foot may not tread, though in the rainy November day, shrilly calling,
vanished kings and mailed warriors once press “ Poor little chick, sir, give him a lift, sir, —
ed them heavily.
thank’ee, good mornin', sir.” At high noon
Turning from Northern Wales, we are led, in a Birmingham street, the English love of
by cathedral town and market-place, in and fun and fighting gleams forth, men with bars
out of many a lovely English haunt. We are of iron on their shoulders and clerks with pa-
taken into an old cathedral when evening is pers in their hands forget their work, and car-
fading into night, the moon shining on the men sit sidewise on their elephantine horses to
lofty windows of one side as the last crimson watch the piping denunciations and determined
shafts of day strike the upper openings on the thwacks of Punch. An old man with a red
opposite side, while below and within parts of vest leans on his crutch in the shadow of an
the vast edifice are already lost in darkness. ancient church, his trembling head, bleared
We wander along the South Coast, where the eyes, and long tangled white locks shading the
great green billows arch into the sunlight to outline of Shakespeare's Old Age.
pour themselves along the beach. On the Isle There is much valuable criticism held in so-
of Wight, we catch the mysterious gleam of lution in the delightful flow of the author's
patches of soft hazy sunlight on the sea, with pellucid English. For him in London, history,
out losing sight of the big brass knockers on law, literature, art, religion, meet and radiate
the doors of the cottages, while in the fields from a common centre. So for the reader in
which run to the very edge of the cliffs, men this narrative, the many-sided culture of the
are tying up wheat on the brow of the preci author, like a prism, separates the white light
pice, the late clover is a-bloom, and the black of civilization into primary and secondary rays,
berries are ripening
and flashes the splendor of color along with
The scenery of England is like the soberness the axiomatic lines of definition across his
of a Doric temple, with its decorated frieze and pages.
intervals of rich exquisite sculpture. The lit Familiarity with English literature is the
tle silver-footed streams, the waving and gentle groundwork of much that is best in the vol-
outline of the hills, the sheen of the grass, the ume. Here is the “hazy amber light” of
bright lakes and bosky combes, the low cottage Tennyson's poetry in “ Lady Godiva ”; there
and the village church hid in foliage and flow- the lines of Chaucer exemplified in the elo-
ers, the gray ruin clothed in green, the great quence of a Member of Parliament; Thack-
parks of venerable oaks, the sweeping glades eray here grows in fame while Dickens de
of cleanest and smoothest lawn, the delicate clines, but the tear still falls over the pages
veil of mist that softens and heightens each which portray the earthly pilgrimages of Oli-
effect, make England a beautiful northern ver Twist and Tiny Tim. The delicate hum
temple, the home and shrine of our ancestral of insect life and the whir and flutter of little
virtue.
wings surround us in the quiet churchyard con-
Ou author, with his true poetic inspiration, secrated by the genius of Gray at Stoke Pogis.
touches not alone natural scenery and the de- At Strawberry Hill we have glimpses of the
tails of man's grandest works. He has a charming lawn and garden of Horace Walpole,
healthy sympathy with humanity, especially where the cunning letter-writer - sat like a
with the poor and with little children, which spider and drew into his brilliant dew-spangled
saves from the heart-deadening effect of exclu- country web all things,—where he sucked the
sively intellectual and imaginative work. The ! life out of his times, and sometimes ejected his


1890.7
THE DIAL
som to Cato the he se aggregatio
poison also into them.” We climb to the back span from shore to shore in a summer after-
room of Charles Lamb in the East India House noon. The writer had a curious impression
in Leadenhall street; we visit the home of on his second visit, as if London were but a
Addison, with his flower-garden, rich in June huge aggregation of low brick buildings and
roses, sending its delicious perfume into the he could stretch out his arms over the tops of
open windows ; we go in a hansom to Carlyle's | all the houses like a city of Lilliput. This was
house in Chelsea, a brick house, three windows no illusion of vanity, but a genuine feeling,
wide, in a narrow and humble street, and con bred of the wide ocean and our broad Ameri-
trast its present smart red color, its window can land, which gave him a momentary sense
sills furbished with flower-boxes and yellow of triumph as a citizen of the New World.
porcelain swans, with the grave old-fashioned The stratification of English society engenders
place where the master was driven and set some useful virtues of order and reverence,
down disconsolate, with his boxes of books, yet along with the vices of mercenariness and ser-
doubtless enjoying his thoughts better than vility,-a stratification which the insular posi-
many suppose, for he knew that behind a tion and confined spaces of the kingdom tend to
gloomy face and cynic humor he hid a large make permanent; but, sooner or later, changes
trust in God and hope for man, and that, must and will come. The American principle
sooner or later, men would find this out. We of self-government gives us immense advantage
stand in massive Durham beside the grave of over England and other aristocratic nations,
the Venerable Bede, struggle up the dreary but it is a perilous superiority. The English
road from Keighly to Haworth, and are ad | and French are mentally and morally antago-
mitted to the parlor where Charlotte Brontë's nistic; the Englishman, the German, and the
large dark eyes, square impending brow, and American are only temperamentally dissimilar.
sad unsmiling mouth look down from her por Mutual pride prevents the English and the
trait, and her books, with “a Bible of Emily's,” | Americans from seeing each other's good traits
still lie on the table.
and positive resemblances. All English are
Two delicious chapters are devoted to the not disagreeable, nor all Americans insuffera-
Lake Country, with soft Windermere in the ble. The two nations are essentially one, and
front, where, at every foothold, some noble for the sake of humanity they should learn to
dwelling is placed, its rolled lawn or majestic know and love each other better than they do.
park coming down to the very water's edge. There is no country which contains so much of
In these ravishing descriptions, nothing lovely absorbing interest to a thoughtful American as
is omitted, save the smoke from English hearth- Old England, and it is especially good for his
stones which ascends amid the leafy verdure, intensely active American nature to come in
with exquisite soothing homelikeness for the contact with the slower and graver spirit of
heart of the wayfarer. We pass Fox How, England, gaining therefrom calmness and so-
the embowered cottage of Arnold of Rugby bered strength.
under Loughrigg Fell ; we gaze on the home of How noble a plant is our English literature !
Wordsworth over its thick girdle of larch-trees Its seed was sown long ago in German soil ; it
and laburnums, furnished within with every shot its roots under the sea into the little island ;
English comfort, but with no luxuries beyond it was watered with the tears of the Celt and
the presence of books and flowers. We wan the blood of the Saxon; it was grafted by the
der with Southey, Coleridge, Scott, Lamb, Wil- | Norman sword and the French steel ; it was
son, De Quincey, along Rydal Mere, strung tossed by the winds and the tempests of revolu-
by a silver streamlet to Grasmere, so named tions; it felt the quickening heat of the Ref-
" because it could not have been named any ormation ; it fruits were borne over the ocean
thing else.”
into distant regions, and they have sprung up
Our author has true self-respecting Ameri- among us in America, where the old stock is
can feeling, as well as deep and genuine respect flourishing under brighter suns. Because we
for England. There is no hesitation in speak- read the same English Bible and sing the same
ing of the superiority of some things Ameri- English hymns ; because we comprehend the
can. New York is vastly superior to London, words of William Shakespeare, John Milton,
in its site as a commercial metropolis, with its and John Bunyan ; because we laugh and weep
wonderful harbor, its two deep arms of the sea over the same pages of Hawthorne and Whit-
on either side, and its magnificent bay in front. | tier, Thackeray and Dickens ;—this is a spir-
England is a miniature country which one can litual bond more profound than commercial ties


THE DIAL
[Aug.,
= -
and international treaties, and more present
RECENT FICTION.*
and vital than even past historical associations.
Such is the author's profound and glowing
“ The Tragic Muse” has been so long with
tribute to English and American unity.
us, in the pages of the “ Atlantic Monthly,"
Many other subjects are set in illuminated
that its portentous volume, extending, in book
borders in these enchanted pages, and occas-
form, to 882 pages, is not a matter for sur-
ionally a gleam of humor plays over them like
prise. The reader who engages upon its peru-
the lightning of a summer evening, harmless on
sal will, however, do so advisedly, for he knows
the far horizon. Professor Hoppin is an accom-
by this time the limitations and the excellences
plished critic of public speaking, especially of
of the author's art. On the whole, he will not
preaching, a practical observer of English coal
be disappointed, for the novel takes a high rank
and tin mines, of the social influence of the
among Mr. James's works. If second to any-
English Sabbath and the English newspaper,
thing, it is only to “ The Princess Casamassi-
of the structure of the English Parliament, of
ma,” and it is far superior to either - The Bos-
the salaries of English bishops, the tendencies
tonians” or “ The Portrait of a Lady.” Of
within the English Church, the prospect of
course, there is no story worth mentioning ;
disestablishment, land monopoly, and in close
there are merely half a dozen men and women
touch with all of the English roots of New
engaged in protractes conversations that lead
England civilization. He is a thorough stu-
to nothing in particular, and they are mostly
dent of English education as exemplified in
of rather vulgar types. And their relations
her public schools and universities, and believes
are nearly as unsettled at the end of the 882
the American college system to have, for Amer-
pages as they were at the beginning. But they
icans, some practical advantages over the meth-
are all distinctly individual, and the product
ods of education in England and Germany.
of a very delicate art. We might wish that
His interest in philanthropic work gives the
art exercised upon more attractive material,
reader charming descriptions of the homes of
but such a wish is well-nigh hopeless with ref-
Florence Nightingale and Miss Marsh. His
erence to any work by Mr. James. The hero-
professorship of the history of art never ob-
ine is a young woman of dubious origin and
trudes itself, indeed is kept rather in the back-
strong artistic instincts, making her way upon
ground, though there is some suggestive criti-
the stage by force of sheer persistence and ob-
cism ; and the scattered dissertations upon
tuse disregard of obstacles that would have
architecture, if collected and systematically ar-
blocked the path of a more sensitive aspirant.
ranged, would form a valuable monograph on
The dramatic motive thus playing a large part
this subject. The American youth about to
in the story, an opportunity is offered the au-
thor to indulge in various bits of dramatic criti-
visit England without a knowledge of architec-
cism which constitute almost the most delightful
ture, is advised to defer his visit a year until
he knows the difference between a tower and * THE TRAGIC Muse. By Henry James. In Two Vol-
a spire, a groin and a gable.
umes. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
A pleasant book, gossippy in the good sense
THE SHADOW OF A DREAM. By W. D. Howells. New
York: Harper & Brothers.
of the term, to take up for a vacant hour, it
THE BROUGHTON HOUSE. By Bliss Perry. New York :
is inspiring to read and digest thoroughly. Its Charles Scribner's Sons.
value to the thorough reader, and as a book of The Lawton Girl. By Harold Frederic. New York:
reference to the traveller, would be materially
Charles Scribner's Sons.
enhanced by a more systematic treatment of
The BEGUM'S DAUGHTER. By Edwin Lassetter Bynner.
Boston: Little, Brown, & Co.
its many lines of thought and information. Its
With FIRE AND SWORD. An Historical Novel of Poland
appended itinerary of a tour in England com and Russia. By Henryk Sienkiewicz. Translated from the
prising the principal cathedral towns is not
Polish by Jeremiah Curtin. Boston: Little, Brown, & Co.
confined to cathedral towns, but meanders over
THE CAPTAIN OF THE JANIZARIES. By James M. Lud-
low, D.D., Litt. D. New York: Harper & Brothers.
a variety of routes to many attractive points,
EKKEHARD. A Tale of the Tenth Century. By Joseph
and the index lacks in fulness and precision. Victor von Scheffel. Translated from the German. New
As it is, with its few faults and its many excel- | York: W. S. Gottsberger & Co.
lences, - Old England” exemplifies the endur As 'Tis in Life. By Albert Delpit. Translated from the
ing value of a work produced by a mind largely
French by E. P. Robins. New York: Welch, Fracker Co.
THE RING OF AMASIS. A Romance. By the Earl of
endowed and thoroughly disciplined, united
Lytton. New York: Macmillan & Co.
with a highly spiritual and imaginative nature.
ADVENTURES OF A YOUNGER Son. By Edward John Tre-
MINERVA B. NORTON. lawny. New York: Macmillan & Co.


1890.]
93
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--
--
-
-
--
Tel.
feature of the novel. We say almost, because eric, although he must be classed as a realist,
one of the characters claims the first place in is not so committed to the method as to be in-
our regard. Mr. Gabriel Nash, apostle of can capable of an occasional expansion of the imag-
dor and exponent of the fine art of living, is so ination, and his story is a far stronger one than
genially conceived a creation that the book is that just mentioned. Some of his characters,
more than worth reading for his sake alone. at least, seem to have hot blood in their veins,
And it need not all be read for that purpose, and to be capable of some sort of passion. The
for it is very easy to pass over the pages of story of the lock-out, and of the wild scenes
monotonous analysis that interrupt the narra consequent thereupon, is made the subject of a
tive from time to time. A chapter lost here vivid piece of description ; and the author, in
and there makes little difference; the chances the delineation of his characters, is willing to
are that nothing essential to the understanding leave a few details for the reader to fill in. His
of the story will have happened.
villain is a very satisfactory piece of work, and
At all events, the art of Mr. James, with its is let off far too easily, in our opinion. Besides,
languid pace and its mannerisms, offers a defi the story has considerable diversity of incident,
nite form upon which the reader may count and the various threads of the fabric are skil-
with some degree of certainty. In this respect fully woven.
it is far superior to the art of Mr. Howells, Mr. Bynner's story of “The Begum's Daugh-
which seems to have entered again, and indefi- ter" is one of the most successful attempts yet
nitely, upon the tentative stage. Mr. Howells's made to impart a romantic interest to the old
recent work has been of the best-intentioned, colonial period in this country. The scene of
but still very far from satisfactory. This may his story is laid in the New Amsterdam of two
be said with equal truth of " Annie Kilburn," centuries ago, and the life of the Dutch settle-
of "A Hazard of New Fortunes,” and of “ The ment is described in an extremely animated
Shadow of a Dream,” the novel, or rather nov fashion. There is, perhaps, some lack of aperçu,
elette, that has just appeared. This book is a and something too much of local and feeting
study in morbid psychology; and morbid psy color in the narrative, but the work is both
chology, it must be said once for all, is not the brilliant and interesting, and the period with
forte of Mr. Howells. One thinks of Haw which it deals worth our attention.
thorne, and smiles. The epileptic, or otherwise Among recently-published works of fiction
diseased person, whose dream, in this story, there are a few translations and reprints that
overshadows three or four lives, his own in call for special mention. First and most im-
cluded, does not awaken our interest, and hardly portant of these is the magnificent historical
excites our curiosity. When he dies we feel novel, “With Fire and Sword,” translated from
happily rid of him, but even then things run the Polish of Henryk Sienkiewicz by Mr. Jer-
along no more smoothly; and the only real sat emiah Curtin. Here is a book indeed. There
isfaction provided by the book is at the point are nearly eight hundred closely printed pages
at which the writer wisely concludes that such in this translation, so that the work even ex-
of his characters as survive have ceased to pos ceeds in volume the novel of Mr. James re-
sess further interest for anyone.
viewed at the head of this article. It need
“ The Broughton House," by Mr. Bliss hardly be said that in matter any single chap-
Perry, is a New England village study having ter of this work easily outweighs the whole of
much of the manner of Mr. Howells but none Mr. James's two volumes of fine-spun analysis.
of his illuminating humor. As the work of a For the novel is rich in historical substance,
beginner, it is entitled to praise for careful and its scene is placed in one of the most inter-
workmanship, and those who look upon fiction esting periods of European history—a period
as a series of " documents” will find it praise as yet almost wholly unexploited by the west-
worthy upon other grounds. Perhaps it is the ern novelist or even historian that of the Cos-
best sort of novel that a New England village sack wars of the latter half of the seventeenth
can produce ; if so, we would suggest Amalfi century. Splendid almost beyond description
and Samarcand as more attractive scenes, and is this picture from the past, with its tale of
even express willingness to see invention sub fierce wars and faithful loves, with its scenes
stituted, in part, for knowledge.
of slaughter grim and great, with its crowded
Mr. Harold Frederic's “ The Lawton Girl” canvas from which, among innumerable faces
is still another village study, the scene being of men known and unknown to fame, there
shifted to central New York. But Mr. Fred- | emerge the heroic figure of Yeremi Vishnyev-


94
[Aug.,
THE DIAL
-
-
-
etski, the champion of the Commonwealth, the who has been thrilled by that opening first par-
stern and implacable figure of Hmelnitski, agraph knows, the story of “ Ekkehard” is laid
" the ablest man in Europe at that time,” and in the tenth century. It is too famous a book
the contrasted figures of the four friends cre- to call for any description here : for, although
ated by the imagination of the novelist him published only thirty-five years ago, it has en-
self, and whose exploits inevitably suggest those joyed classical honors for almost that length of
of the immortal quartette of whom we read with time, and is only to be compared with the great-
such breathless interest in “ Les Trois Mous est productions of historical fiction, hardly with
quetaires.” And back of these figures are the anything else in German literature (unless pos-
hosts of Pole and Cossack and Tartar, and the sibly the work of Freytag or of Felix Dahn),
steppes and forests of Poland (now Russia) perhaps only with the best of the Waverley nov-
where the great struggle between Christian and els. The present translation, which is not ac-
Pagan was fought out. And then the language knowledged, is so well done that the translator
of the book, with its barbaric, half-oriental col should have the credit of it. It contains all
oring, and its romantic cast, with its vivid de the notes of the author.
scriptions and its rich use of figure and pro “As 'Tis in Life,” translated from the French
verb (all of which qualities are admirably re- of M. Albert Delpit by Mr. E. P. Robins, is
produced by Mr. Curtin), is as refreshing as a novel with a somewhat misleading title, for
a cool breeze on a sultry day. In short, the it describes many things as very different from
pleasure which good historical fiction offers to what they are in life; the tragedy of the West-
all healthy minds may be very fully realized in ern plains, which constitutes the central feature
a perusal of this work. The author, who was of the story, being a noteworthy example of
born in 1845, lives in Warsaw, and is one of exaggeration and misrepresentation. We will
the most famous Polish writers now living. It observe, en passant, that it is unfortunately not
may be interesting to learn that, as a young true to state that criminals of foreign birth,
man, he spent several years in this country, after having served sentences in United States
principally in California, and first gained a penitentiaries, are exiled from the country.
reputation by the publication, in the Warsaw The whole story is a piece of rather crude sen-
newspapers, of a series of letters descriptive of sationalism, far below the level of M. Delpit's
his travels.
best work. It is evidently intended as a study
It is, perhaps, a not unnatural transition in the psychology of remorse, and is given a
from a romance of Southeastern Europe in the scientific flavor by frequent references to Ribot,
seventeenth century to one of the same region Maudsley, and other authorities. The work is
in the fifteenth century. The conquest of Con not without a certain skill in construction, and
stantinople by the Turks is the first chapter of an occasional touch of force.
a history that ends with the Siege of Vienna “ The Ring of Amasis,” by the Earl of Lyt-
and the Peace of Carlowitz. The work of our ton, must be classed among the reprints, al-
Polish novelist touches upon some of the later though the author claims to have re-written the
chapters of this history, and Dr. Ludlow's “The story. First published a quarter of a century
Captain of the Janizaries," of which the hero ago, it marked even then a declining fashion
is Scanderbeg and the closing episode the fall in fiction, and now appears a curious survival
of the Eastern Empire, takes us back to the of an almost forgotten type. The type in ques-
prologue.' Dr. Ludlow's work is a new edition tion is that of the mystical work of the elder
of a novel that we had the pleasure of praising . Lord Lytton, of “A Strange Story” and “ Za-
in these pages some years ago, when it first noni.” But even those works were inspired
appeared. Being a work that commends itself by something closely akin to genius, and may
to the judicious, it has, instead of being shelved still be read with interest, which is more than
and forgotten, grown steadily in fame. A new can justly be said of “The Ring of Amasis.”
examination of the work has only served to con The somewhat faded laurels of Owen Meredith
firm us in the opinion expressed before, that it will be made none the fresher by this com-
is one of the most remarkable pieces of histor pound of vague metaphysics and romantic de-
ical fiction ever produced in this country. lirium.
But even Dr. Ludlow's book does not plunge In the Protestant cemetery at Rome, almost
us far enough into the past, for there awaits us under the shadow of the pyramid of Caius Ces-
a new translation of the “ Ekkehard ” of Jos- tius, are the two graves to which lovers of En-
eph Victor von Scheffel, and, as every reader glish poetry have made reverent pilgrimage


1890.]
95
THE DIAL
for almost three-quarters of a century. A few
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
years ago, in 1881, the long-undisturbed ground
THE CENTURY DICTIONARY, to which THE DIAL
was broken by one of these graves, and the
paid its respects in September, 1889, and again in
mortal remains of Edward J. Trelawny were
April, 1890, is still steadily running the longitude
buried at the side of his friend and fellow-
of the English vocabulary. The third volume (Cen-
exile, Shelley. The double grave now bears tury Company ; Chicago : McDonnell Bros.), G to L
this inscription :
inclusive, is before us, and its last page, numbered
" These are two friends whose lives were undivided;
3556, marks the completion of half the great task.
So let their memory be, now they have glided
The main features of this volume differ, of course,
Under the grave; let not their bones be parted, . little from those of the two preceding volumes. The
For their two hearts in life were single-hearted.”
work gains rather than loses as it proceeds, in the
It is almost startling to think that Trelawny,
high qualities for which it is distinguished. The
who was but a few months Shelley's junior,
most casual glance is struck by the solidity and fin-
should have survived him by nearly sixty years,
ish of the binding, the perspective of the page, the
distinctness of the typography, the elegance, the
and that the poet whose majestic song of “The
number, and the appropriateness of the illustra-
Triumph of Life” was cut short by the triumph
tions. It may not be amiss to remind the reader
of a still greater conqueror might, had it not that this is “ an encyclopedic lexicon of the English
been for that summer squall in the Mediter language.” That is, while neither a biographical
ranean, have lived into our own days; that dictionary nor a gazetteer, it purports to be a com-
Browning, thrilled even half a century ago at plete dictionary of words and things. On the side
sight of one who had seen Shelley in the flesh,
of language, it is distinguished by far greater ful-
might for many years have known and done
ness of detail, accuracy of etymology, and wealth
loyal homage to his spiritual master ; and that
of illustrative quotations, than our popular diction-
aries can pretend to ; while on the side of things, it
the poet's vision of a golden age to come might
is a ready-reference book of the most valuable kind,
have found, in our own time, even nobler ex-
because presenting a judicious epitome of knowl-
pression than that given it in the second edge: the consulter of an encyclopædia looks for
" Locksley Hall.” All such fancies are futile precise outlines, not for details. By eliminating
enough, but the name of Trelawny can hardly names of persons and places, space has been secured
fail to evoke them, for his Records of Shel. for a sufficiently full treatinent of whatever comes
ley, Byron, and the Author” have indissolubly within the scope of this dictionary ; and the pre-
linked his name with that of England's greatest
sumption of accuracy founded upon the high repu-
lyric poet. That book is familiar enough ; far
tation of the scholars responsible for the several
departments of the work, is in the main fully borne
less familiar is the “Adventures of a Younger
out by the contents. The scope of the present vol-
Son,” the publication of which, in an entirely
ume may be faintly indicated by reference to such
new edition, gives us occasion to speak here
articles as those on gastrulation, genius, geometry,
of that
German, glass, goose, Greek, hand, heir, hydrau-
World-wide liberty's life-long lover,
lic, Indian, judge, jury, Kantianism, key, lace,
Lover no less of the strength of song,
language, lantern, law, logarithm, etc.; and to such
Sea-king, swordsman, hater of wrong."
important verbs as get, go, lay, let, etc., the articles
The “Adventures of a Younger Son” was first on which fill many columns, and even pages, and
published in 1831, anonymously. How much | involve innumerable quotations from five or six cen-
of it is truth and how much fiction has never turies of English literature. Two facts, indicative
been exactly ascertained, but it seems, on the
of the scholarly accuracy with which the whole work
whole, to deserve classification with works of
is executed, may be mentioned here. First, the
source of every illustration, or the location of the
romance rather than with works of biography.
object illustrated, is specified, whenever practicable.
It is a stirring account of adventure by land
Thus, to illustrate litter, there is an engraving of a
and sea, written in rough and often ungram-
particular litter preserved in a particular place.
matical language, but infused with a rare and Secondly, every illustrative quotation is credited
energetic vitality that makes of it one of the not merely, as in our popular dictionaries, to its
most real of narratives. Mr. Edward Garnett author, but also to its exact source-chapter and
provides this new edition with an introductory verse, volume and page, act, scene, and line, being
sketch of Trelawny's life, and the volume serves given, according to circumstances. It is interest-
very happily to inaugurate the new “Adventure
ing, by the way, to meet with sentences from the
Series" in which it appears.
most recent reputable American authors cheek by
jowl with scraps from old ballads and lines from
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. Chaucer and other Middle English writers. For
| this dictionary treats, apparently, with equally im-


96
[Aug.,
THE DIAL
partial fulness, all phases of our language from the books, as a standard dictionary. It is the diction-
fourteenth century down. To the student of Chau ary of the progress of the world. It presents with
cer, or of the elder dramatists, it is no less valuable remarkable accuracy the essential statistics of every
than to the student of the latest results in science, or government known to civilization, and affords in a
of the most recent processes in the industrial arts. few pages, and with scientific precision, an outline
Dr. A. P. PEABODY'S “Harvard Graduates whom
of every constitution and a sketch of all civil ad-
ministrations. The history of Europe has never
I Have Known” (Houghton), while it contains cer-
been written as truthfully as it may be found in its
tain elements of interest to American readers in
pages; and although its reports are not as full for
general, is addressed to a rather limited circle.
the countries of this hemisphere, even Americans
Practically, only one or two of the men commemo-
can obtain within them more information about their
rated were of our day, and none of them achieved
much more than a local reputation.
own country than they will find with equal conven-
The group,
however, merits the attention of the general reader
ience, and placed so favorably for comparison, in any
other compilation. The editor, Mr. Scott Keltie,
in that it is admirably illustrative of an ideal of
life, a standard of social, political, and personal ex-
is librarian to the Royal Geographical Society. His
cellence, which has left an indelible impress upon
position, his training, and his knowledge of the needs
of students, combine to make him better fitted than
the national institutions—if not upon the national
manners. The work is designed as a sequel to the
his predecessor for his arduous and interminable
author's “ Harvard Reminiscences,” and comprises
duties. He has wholly reorganized the “ States-
twenty brief sketches, averaging about twelve pages
man's Year Book," as will be quickly perceived by
those familiar with its preceding annual issues. This
each, of graduates of Harvard, all of whom were
year it is not only printed with new type carefully
either benefactors of the college, or members of
selected and proportioned, but the general mould is
one or more of its governing boards. The first
recast, and the new form is a great improvement
name treated is that of Joshua Fisher (1749–1833),
over the old. Many states are included never be-
and the last that of Increase Sumner Wheeler
(1806–1888); and in an appendix the author has
fore mentioned. The official returns are procured
from every government for its compilations; and
added brief sketches of the first two presidents of
the college, who, as educated in the mother coun-
in all instances where such caution is desirable they
have been criticised and digested by experts con-
try, are not included in Mr. Sibley's “ Harvard
nected with the several governments to which they
Graduates.” Perhaps the most readable papers are
those on Charles Russell Lowell, father of the poet ;
appertain. Only in a volume of so great scope and
such minute accuracy can one hope to find the facts
George Barrell Emerson, brother of Ralph Waldo,
that enable one to keep abreast with diplomacy, ex-
and one of forty-six Emersons named in the Har-
ploration, war, commerce, and discovery. The en-
vard Quinquennial of 1885 ; Daniel Appleton White,
larged spheres of England, France, and Germany
founder of the “ Hasty Pudding Club”; Samuel At-
kins Eliot; and Nathan Dane, who drafted and
in Asia and Africa are here to be found. The vol-
reported the Ordinance for the Government of the
ume, which now exceeds eleven hundred pages, is
Territory Northwest of the Ohio. Dr. Peabody's
a storehouse of resources which the scholar, the stu-
account of John Pierce (1773-1849) is very amus-
dent, the teacher, the editor, must have at hand, in
ing. Dr. Pierce's devotion to his Alma Mater seems
order to think correctly and interpret with knowl-
to have been a species of mania. When a boy he
edge and effect the changes that are constantly taking
used to walk over to Cambridge to feast his eyes
place throughout the world and the institutions that
on the college, and he was present at sixty-three
may be deemed permanent in every quarter of it.
out of sixty-four successive Commencements. Sey Can a literature which deals freely with all that
eral good stories are told of the Doctor, who must concerns human nature and human life be placed,
have been something of a humorist — in the old with safety, in the hands of adolescents ? Modern
sense. The author says of him : " He was easily
educators are tacitly answering this question, with
moved to tears, and did not hide them ; but while certain reservations, in the affirmative. The reser-
they were raining down his cheeks at the moving vations involve a free use of the expurgator's prun-
close of an eloquent discourse, he would take out
ing-knife, which, in the hands of the timid or the
his great silver watch and say in broken accents to
prudish, is apt to become a more " desperate hook”
the persons sitting next to him, · Just fifty minutes,'
than that of “ slashing Bentley.” Mr. William
or, . Ten minutes over the hour.'” Considering the Roscoe Thayer, in his edition of " The Best Eliza-
length of the sermons, the good man's emotion is
bethan Plays” (Ginn), has attempted to make the
not so very surprising. The volume is outwardly plain-spoken old dramatists conform to the modern
attractive, and should prove interesting to a larger
taste for the naughty thought without the naughty
circle of readers than its title would seem to ap-
word. Of course, he has exercised great freedom
peal to.
in clipping and grafting. For example, in Beau-
THE “Statesman's Year Book” (Macmillan) has mont and Fletcher's “ Philaster,” Megra's waiting-
become as indispensable in a reference library, or women are designated (by Mr. Thayer) as "wicked.”
indeed in a household that boasts only a few choice | This being obviously a false note,-like Professor


1890.]
97
THE DIAL
Skeat's celebrated change of “concubyn ” to “ wik trations, the paper beautiful in quality and tint, the
ked sin,”-the reader consults the correct text and broad margins, and the excellent typography, all
finds the word “bawds." Elsewhere, however, Mr. combine with the matter and the manner to make
Thayer freely admits this word ; perhaps he objects this a delightful book to soul and to sense.
to it only when used in a Pickwickian sense. The
difficult words which remain are explained at the What a happy collocation : a life of Havelock
foot of the page, where, also, the confiding reader by Archibald Forbes- the ideal soldier pictured by
is admonished when to frown and when to admire. the ideal war reporter! Had Archibald Forbes
It is doubtful whether any critic will agree with | been born somewhat earlier, instead of riding with
this editor that the five plays selected— The Jew | Gourko at Shipka Pass and with Skobeleff at Plevna,
of Malta.” 66 The Alchemist." . Philaster." ". The he would have been with Salkeld at the Delhi Gate
Two Noble Kinsmen.” - The Duchess of Malfi.” _ and with Havelock at the Bailey Guard of Luck-
are absolutely the masterpieces of Shakespeare's now. We have in this latest life of Havelock (Mac-
great contemporaries. He says, indeed, that he | millan's “ English Men of Action") the best because
thinks - Volpone” superior to - The Alchemist,” the truest. As the book contains the only authen-
but was forced to exclude the former on account of tic portrait published, so it shows us for the first
its coarseness. But what are we to think of an ed time Havelock the fighting man just as men of ac-
itor who is capable of passing over “ Edward II.” tion saw him and knew him. We do not disparage
and “ Doctor Faustus,” and of selecting “ The Jew his former biographers when we say that it needed
of Malta ” as the supreme illustration of Marlowe's | an old campaigner to estimate him at his true worth,
genius? In spite of, and partly by reason of, these to strip from his portraiture a certain sentimental-
objectionable features, this volume will be found ized gloss which has somewhat concealed his true
useful in schools where the anatomy of the soul, features, and to put before the public this superb
like that of the body, is studied without reference portrayal of “the old saint," who "held fast by his
to the reproductive functions. Men and women to earnest piety through evil as through good report,"
whom literature is something real and deeply re of whom it is further said: "Hoping against hope
lated to life itself, will prefer to know the old dra through the years, his hair had whitened, his fine
matists as they are, or not know them at all. regular features had sharpened, and the small spare
figure had lost the suppleness though not the erect-
A NEW series, entitled “ Heroes of the Nations," ness of its prime; but his eye had not waxed dim ;
published by Messrs. Putnam's Sons, and edited by neither, at sixty-two, and after forty-two years of
Evelyn Abbott of Balliol College, begins with “ Nel- | soldiering, thirty-four of which were Indian service,
son," by Clark Russell. The choice of this biog was his natural force abated. He was the man of
rapher for Nelson is as happy as that of Forbes for greatest military culture then in India.” As one
Havelock. Clark Russell is, after Hermann Mel- reads again the story of Havelock's heroic “ relief”
ville, the one writer of sea-tales whose sea-lore never the blood thrills anew, for the admirable style of
fails him, for even Fenimore Cooper and Maryatt this master of narrative English was never better
write occasionally like land-lubbers. Russell is thor displayed than in this little sketch.
oughly saturated with the sea, and has, moreover,
a most attractive style. His “ Nelson” is a book
that any boy will thrill over, and that any mature
BOOKS OF THE MONTH.
mind may read to advantage. This portraiture of
England's greatest naval commander is written in a
[The following list includes all books received by THE DIAL
discerning and discriminating spirit, and furnishes
during the month of July, 1890.]
us, consequently, not a made-up book, but a genuine
LITERARY MISCELLANY-BIOGRAPHY.
contribution to biographical literature. Not only
The Correspondence and Public Papers of John Jay,
are we shown the large and noble nature of the man First Chief Justice of the United States, etc., etc. 1763-
who was beloved by everybody, from colleague to 1781. Edited by Henry P. Johnston, A. M. In Four
Volumes. Vol. 1. Royal 8vo, pp. 461. Uncut. Gilt
Jack Tar, but the military traits which made him
top. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $5.00.
the great admiral are brought out forcibly in the
Patriotic Addresses in America and England, from 1850 to
narrative of his sea-fights, as well as summed up in 1885, on Slavery, the Civil War, and the Development of
Civil Liberty in the United States. By Henry Ward
the statement that “his great theory of warfare
Beecher. Edited, with a Review of Mr. Beecher's Per-
consisted in swiftness of resolution, in dashing at sonal Influence in Public Affairs, by John R. Howard.
the enemy, in getting alongside of him, as close as
With Frontispeice Portrait. 8vo, pp. 857. D. Lothrop
Co. $2.00.
channels or yard-arms would permit, and in firing
The Collected Writings of Thomas De Quincey. By
until he struck or was annihilated.” Much of the David Masson. New and Enlarged Edition. In 14 Vols.
rodomontade which the legend-makers have put
Vols. VIII. and IX., Speculative and Theological Es-
says; Political Economy and Politics. 16mo. Illustrat-
into the mouth of Nelson is summarily disposed of, ed. Uncut. Macmillan & Co. Per Vol., $1.25.
while the one blot on his character—the intrigue Views and Reviews. Essays in Appreciation. By W. E.
with Lady Hamilton—is handled in a sound and
Henley. 18mo, pp. 235. Gilt top. Uncut. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $1.00.
manly manner. The pretty and appropriate initial | Northern Studies. By Edmund Gosse. 16mo, pp. 268.
and tail pieces of each chapter, the full-page illus- | Uncut. A. Lovell & Co. 10 cents.


98
THE DIAL
[Aug.,
= =
Boston Unitarianism. 1820-1850. A Study of the Life
POETRY.
and Work of Nathaniel Langdon Frothingham, By
Octavius Brooks Frothingham. 12mo, pp. 272. G. P.
The Finding of the Gnosis, or Apotheosis of an Ideal. An
Interior Life-Drama. Authorized Version
Putnam's Sons. $1.75.
16mo, pp.
74. Occult Publishing Co. 50 cents.
Dictionary of National Biography. Edited by Leslie
Shadows and Ideals. Poems by Francis S. Saltus. With
Stephen and Sidney Lee. Vol. XXIII. Gray-Haigh-
Portrait. 8vo, pp. 366. Uncut. Gilt top. C. W. Moul-
ton. Large 8vo, pp. 448. Gilt top. Macmillan & Co.
ton.
$3.75.
Marie Antoinette and the End of the Old Régime. By
TRAVEL-ADVENTURE.
Imbert de Saint-Amand. Translated by Thomas Ser In and Out of Central America, and other Sketches of
geant Perry. With Frontispiece Portrait. 12mo, pp. 300). Study and Travel. By Frank Vincent, author of "Around
Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.25.
and About South America." With Maps and Illustra-
Lord Clive. By Colonel Sir Charles Wilson. 16mo, pp. 221.
tions. 12mo, pp. 246. D. Appleton & Co. $2.00.
Macmillan's " English Men of Action.” 60 cents.
A Social Departure. How Orthodocia and 1 Went Round
the World by Ourselves. By Sara Jeannette Duncan.
FICTION.
Illustrated. 12mo, pp. 417. D. Appleton & Co. $1.75.
Madagascar; or, Robert Drury's Journal, during Fifteen
The Aztec Treasure-House. A Romance of Contempora-
Years of Captivity on that Island. With a Further De-
neous Antiquity. By Thomas A. Janvier. Illustrated. scription of Madagascar by the Abbé Alexis Rochon.
12mo, pp. 446. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
Edited, with an Introduction and Notes, by Capt. Pas-
Snap: A Legend of the Lone Mountain. By C. Phillips field Oliver, R. A., author of Madagascar."" Illustrated.
Woolley, author of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus." 8vo, pp. 398. Uncut. Macmillan's Adventure Series."
Illustrated. 12mo, pp. 310. Longmans, Green, & Co.
$1.50,
$1.50.
EDUCATION-TEXT-BOOKS.
The Blind Musician. By Vladimir Korolenko. Translated
Education in Alabama. 1702-1889. By Willis G. Clark.
from the Russian by Aline Delano. With an Introduc-
Svo, pp. 281. Paper. "American Educational History,"
tion by George Kennan and Illustrations by Edmund H.
No. 8. Government Printing Office.
Garrett. 16mo, pp. 24. Uncut. Little, Brown, & Co.
$1.50.
Federal and State Aid to Higher Education in the Uni-
ted States. By Frank W. Blackmar, Ph.D. Svo, pp.
Armorel of Lyonesse. A Romance of To-Day By Wal-
313. Paper. "Am. Educational History," No 9. Gov-
ter Besant, author of "For Faith and Freedom." Illus-
ernment Printing Office.
trated. 12mo, pp. 396. Harper & Brothers. $1.25 ;
The Directional Calculus. Based upon the Methods of
Paper, 50 cents.
Herman Grassmann. By E. W. Hyde. Svo, pp. 247.
With the Best Intentions: A Midsummer Episode. By
Ginn & Co. $2.15.
Marion Harland. 16mo, pp. 303. Charles Scribner's
Longman's School Geography for North America. By
Sons. $1.00.
George G. Chisholm, M.A., B.Sc., and C. H. Leete, B.A.
Hermit Island. By Katherine Lee Bates, author of the Illustrated. Large 12mo, pp. 384. Longmans, Green, &
$1000 Prize Story "Rose and Thorn." Illustrated. 12mo, Co. $1.25.
pp. 345. D. Lothrop Co. $1.25.
The Leading Facts of American History. By D. H.
Bella's Blue-Book: The Story of an Ugly Woman. By
Montgomery. Illustrated. 12mo, pp. 102. Ginn & Co.
Marie Calm. Translated from the German by Mrs. J.
$1.10.
W. Davis. Illustrated. 12mo, pp. 301. Uncut. Wor Structural and Systematic Botany. For High Schools
thington Co. $1.23.
and Elementary College Courses. By Douglas Houghton
The Bank Tragedy. By Mary R. P. Hatch. With Front-
Campbell, Ph.D). 16mo, pp. 253. Ginn & Co. $1.15.
ispiece. 12mo, pp. 427. Welch, Fracker Co.
Deutsche Literaturgeschichte. To A. D. 1100. For Uni-
versities, Colleges, and Academies. By Carla Wencke-
All Sorts and Conditions of Men. An Impossible Story. bach. 16mo, pp. 200. Paper. D. C. Heath & Co.
By Walter Besant, author of " For Faith and for Free-
55 cents.
dom)." Illustrated. 8vo, pp. 412. Paper. Harper's
“Franklin Square Library.” 50 cents.
REFERENCE.
Katy of Catoctin. By George Alfred Townsend, author of
Reference Handbook for Readers, Students, and Teachers
“The Entailed Hat." 16mo, pp. 367. Appleton's " Town
of English History. By E. H. Gurney. 12mo, pp. 114.
and Country Library.” 50 cents.
Ginn & Co. 85 cents.
Throckmorton. A Novel. By Molly Elliot Seawell. 16mo,
English-Eskimo and Eskimo-English Vocabularies.
Compiled by Ensign Roger Wells, Jr., U.S.N., and Inter-
pp. 304. Appleton's "Town and Country Library."
preter John W. Kelley. U. S. Bureau of Education Cir-
50 cents.
cular No. 2, 1890. 8vo, pp. 72. Paper. Gov't Printing
Written in Red; or, The Conspiracy in the North Case. (A Office.
Story of Boston.) By Charles Howard Montague and C.
W. Dyer. 16mo, pp. 335. Paper. Cassell Publishing
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL STUDIES.
Co. 50 cents.
The Canal and the Railway, with a Note on the Develop-
An Artist's Honor. Translated by E. P. Robins from the ment of Railway Passenger Traffic. By Edmund J.
French of Octave Feuillet, author of "The Romance of a
James, Ph.D. With a Paper on Canals and their Eco-
Poor Young Man." 16mo, pp. 264. Paper. Cassell nomic Relation to Transportation. By Lewis M. Haupt,
Publishing Co. 30 cents.
A.M., C.E. 8vo, pp. 85. Paper. Publications Am. Eco-
Pearl-Powder. A Novel. By Annie Edwards. 12mo,
nomic Ass'n. $1.00.
pp. 414. Paper. Lippincott's - Select Novels." 50
Practical Sanitary and Economic Cooking. Adapted
to Persons of Moderate and Small Means. By Mrs. Mary
cents.
Hinman Abel. 16mo, pp. 190. American Public Health
Lucie's Mistake. By W. Heimburg. Translated by Mrs.
Ass'n. 40 cents.
J. W. Davis. Illustrated. 12mo, pp. 304. Paper. Wor-
thington Co. 75 cents.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Were They Sinners? By Charles J. Bellamy, author of
By Charles J. Bellamy, author of Harmony in Praise. Compiled and Edited by Mills Whit-
"An Experiment in Marriage.” 12mo, pp. 219. “Auth-
tlesey and A. F. Jamieson. Svo, pp. 109. D. C. Heath
or's Library." Author's Publishing Co. 50 cents.
& Co. $1.05.
Parsifal: The Finding of Christ through Art; or, Richard
JUVENILE.
Wagner as Theologian. By Albert Ross Parsons. Svo,
pp. 113. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.00.
Five Little Peppers Midway. A Sequel to “ Five Little |
Peppers and How They Grew." By Margaret Sidney,
author of " Our Town.” Illustrated. 12mo, pp. 512.
[Any book in this list will be mailed to any address, post-paid,
D. Lothrop Co. $1.50.
on receipt of price by Messrs. A. C. McClURG & Co., Chicago.]


1890.]
99
THE DIAL
“ Vone more thorough, more dignified, more scholarly.”
--- -- ---
Among Recent Characterizations of The Dial by Represent-
ative American Journals, the following will show its scope
and standing better than any words of its own could do:
“In spite of the absurd claims advanced on the one " The look and bearing of the paper are refinement
side, and the more ridiculous denials of a certain por itself. Among our purely critical journals, there is
tion of our own and of a large part of the Eastern pressnone more thorough, more dignified, more scholarly,
on the other, the fact that the Western community that than THE DIAL. One wishes only that it were a weekly
centres in Chicago is making rapid advances in literary rather than a monthly, and so more adequate to trace
culture and scholarly refinement is strongly evidenced the stream of current literature."— The Independent,
by the high standard constantly reached by that excel- New York.
lent periodical, THE DIAL, as its numbers have appeared
from month to month for the past ten years. It may
“ The publishers of The Dial have abundant rea-
son to felicitate themselves upon the successful career
seem strange that here in Chicago, in the midst of our
admitted devotion to material affairs, there should be
I of this periodical. From its initial number it has been
conducted a purely literary journal of such high char- | edite
h charaedited with fine taste and good judgment, and it is al-
acter. But perhaps the strangest thing of all is that,
ways fair and impartial in its treatment of new literary
effort.
while started on so high a plane ten years ago, its ideal
The Dial is a model of typography, as well
standard should have been so constantly and fully main-
as an examplar of high literary excellence.”—The Star,
tained. It was admirable in its earlier numbers, and is
Kansas City.
just as good, if not better, to-day. All its articles, with “The Dial is one of the best literary journals, in
a very few exceptions, are from the pens of Western i breadth of learning and catholicity of judgment, that
men. It has discovered—we might almost say devel-
we have ever had in this country. Its corps of contrib-
oped and brought together from among the professors'
utors comprises many of the first scholars both of the
chairs of Western colleges, from the lawyers' offices of
East and the West.”—Home Journal, New York.
Chicago and the surrounding cities, and from the count-
ing-bouses of Western business men, a corps of sound,
“We are always glad to commend to our readers a
forcible, and brilliant writers such as any periodical
paper so thoroughly scholarly and independent in its
might well be proud of. It is, too, entirely sui generis ;
criticisms as THE DIAL has been throughout its entire
it is modelled upon no other. Its articles are written
existence.”-Journal of Pedagogy.
con amore, by specialists so interested in their subjects |
that they must write, and consequently the articles have
“The Dial is very carefully edited, without any
none of the easily recognized flavor of the professional
concession to literary sensationalism, and with a com-
• book notice' about them. Even the great 'Athenæum'
of London might envy it in this respect. It is not icon-
prehensive outlook upon the literary interests of the
country in general. Its success is matter of rejoicing
oclastic, does not delight in dashing attacks on estab. |
for all lovers of good books and good writing.”--Chris-
lished reputations, yet it is very far from bowing blindly
at popular shrines. It is truly independent; it has al-
i tian Union, New York.
ways its own opinion ; it no more hesitates to praise
cordially than it shrinks from condemning vigorously!
« THE DIAL is the journal de luxe among American
when condemnation is deserved.”_The Herald, Chicago.
literary periodicals.”—The Argonaut, San Francisco.
"We record with pleasure the completion of the tenth “ The ten volumes of The Dial, taken together, form
volume of THE DIAL. Among our literary journals it is the most valuable body of critical opinion in existence
unique in being wholly devoted to critical reviews, partly | upon the American literature of the past decade. They
signed and partly unsigned, and in being a monthly. It have done for books published in this country what The
has been well conducted from the start, with a serious Athenaeum' and · The Academy 'have done for the En-
purpose, and with much learned and intelligent collab- i glish literature of the period. . . . This critical
oration, and we have had frequent occasion to praise it excellence, in which THE DIAL has had no American
and to wish it a long life. THE DIAL is handsomely and rival, has been due to the fact that its reviews have gen-
correctly printed.”_The Nation, New York.
erally been the work of trained specialists, who have,
by attaching their signatures, assumed full responsibil-
“We trust THE DIAL may continue to mark true ity for the opinions expressed.... Its contents
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spirit and with the same fair external array that now just, searching, and profound.”—The Evening Journal,
distinguish it.”—The Literary World, Boston.
Chicago.
Published Monthly, at $1.50 a Year, by
A. C. MCCLURG & CO., 117 to 121 Wabash Avenue, Chicago.


100
[Aug.,
THE DIAL
NEW FICTION
“Come and take choice of all my Library, and so beguile
thy sorrow."--Titus Andronicus, Act iv., Sc. 1.
By Ewin L. Besser, author of " Agnes Surriage.” W
A GREAT NATIONAL WORK.
WITH FIRE AND SWORD.
The Library of American Literature
A New Historical Novel of great power and !
interest, now first translated from the orig-
By E. C. STEDMAN and E. M. HUTCHINSON.
inal of HENRYK SIENKIEWICZ by JERE-
WASHINGTON, Dec. 20, 1889.
I do not see how any school in America can spare this work
MIAH CURTIN. Scene : Poland and Russia.
from its reference library for teachers and pupils. I ain sure
Time : 1648-1651. Crown 8vo, cloth, $2.00.
that every private individual will purchase it for his own
library, if he has to cut off for a time his purchase of other
literature.
THIN BRILLIANT ROMANCE ATTRACTS ATTENTION
Very respectfully, W. T. HARRIS,
U.S. Commissioner of Education.
EVERYWHERE, AND IS UNIVERSALLY PRAISED
CAMBRIDGE. January 25, 1889.
BY THE PRESA.
The selections have been made with excellent judgment,
and the editorial work has been admirably done.
" Wonderful in its strength and picturesqueness.”
John FISKE.
Boston ('ourier.
GREENCASTLE, Ind., March 16, 1889.
“ One of the most brilliant historical novels ever The best aggregate expression of what the American mind
has produced in the two hundred and eighty years of its ac-
written."...Christian Union.
tivity.
Respectfully, John CLARK RIDPATH.
"A romance which once read is not easily forgotten."
The “Library of American Literature” is an admirable
Literary World.
work, and for every reason must commend itself to the lover
" There is not a tedious page in the entire magnifi of good books.
Noah PORTER, LL.D.
cent story." ... Boston Home Journal.
YALE UNIVERSITY, Apr. 24, 1890.
" The only modern romance with which it can be com Prices and Terms fixed within the reach of all. SEND FOR
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[Sept.,
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THE DIAL
Vol. XI. SEPTEMBER, 1890. No. 125.
=
=
-
-
-----
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CONTENTS,
A MODERN ROMAN. John J. Halsey ..... 111
THE PROBLEM OF THE NORTHMEN AND THE
SITE OF NORUMBEGA. Julius E. Olson . . 112
NEW VIEWS OF RUSSIA. Aubertine Woodward
Moore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
THE DARK PROBLEM OF THE DARK CONTI-
NENT. James F. Claflin ........ 117
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS .......... 119
Nettleship’s The Essays of Mark Pattison.— Koro-
lenko's The Blind Musician.--Asa Turner and His
Times. James's The Federal Constitution of Switz-
erland.-Wilson's State and Federal Governments of
the United States.- Chester's Girls and Women.-
Perry's Saint-Amand's The Happy Days of the Em-
press Marie Louise.
ANNOUNCEMENTS OF FALL BOOKS ..... 121
BOOKS OF THE MONTH .......... 126
- - -- - ----------- - - -- - ---- -
A MODERN ROMAN.*
John Jay was the serenest personage of our
Revolutionary period. The short clear-cut de-
cided name is a fitting symbol for the man
whom old John Adams called “a Roman."
He has come down to us as “a cold austere
man, with all the classic virtues, but also with
much of classic remoteness from ordinary hu-
manity.” Mr. Pellew's life of his great-grand-
father reveals the warm friendships and devoted
home-life of this publicly imperturbable man,
and yet only fortifies the conviction that John
Jay was unique among the fathers of the re-
public in equanimity, - deliberate valor,” and
absolute poise of character. Next to Wash-
ington and Hamilton, no man's services to the
young nation were more important than Jay's,
whether as Revolutionary leader, member of
the State Constituent Convention, President
of the Continental Congress, Secretary for For-
eign Affairs, envoy to foreign courts, or Chief
Justice of our Supreme Court. In the earlier
days he did much to stimulate and hold his na-
tive state to an energetic and patriotic course,
while his essentially legal mind made him con-
,servative in theory as in conduct, whether he,
as a member of the revolutionary Committee
of Safety, was handling recalcitrant Tories, or
in the State Convention was drafting that Con-
stitution which has been designated by a high
authority as “ essentially the model of the na-
tional government under which we live.” As
a member of the Continental Congress, he was
the one above all others to whom such large-
minded statesmen as Robert Morris, Edward
Rutledge, Hamilton, and Washington looked
and wrote, as not only the coolest head and
sincerest patriot in that body, but as the man
of soundest judgment, deepest insight, and
largest influence for the nation's welfare. As
a negotiator of the peace with England, his in-
flexible and calm determination in the face of
Spanish greed, French neglect, and English
obstinacy, won terins which aroused wonder
and admiration not only at the French court
but even in England. His famous treaty of
1794 was but the codicil to the former one,
and was remarkably favorable to the United
States, which at that time could sue but not
dictate. By his decision, as Chief Justice, in the
famous case of Chisholm vs. State of Georgia,
he forever introduced into practical politics the
doctrine of the national sovereignty, and laid
the foundation on which John Marshall built
for a third of a century.
All this is familiar history, yet the printed
evidence for it at first hand has hitherto been
largely confined to a limited selection from
Jay's papers, long since out of print, and there-
fore costly in proportion to its completeness.
Every student of history is a debtor to Profes-
sor Johnston and his publishers for this beau-
tiful edition of Jay's papers, to be completed
in four octavo volumes uniform in style with
the recent editions of Hamilton, Franklin, and
Washington. One could wish that the pub-
lishers had put as substantial a backing on the
Jay and the Washington as on the Hamilton,
but aside from this slight defect the volumes
are a luxury to the eye. This first volume of
the Jay papers is brought down only to the
beginning of 1781, yet one may form a fair
estimate of the man from its varied contents-
pronunciamentos, state papers, briefs of na-
*THE CORRESPONDENCE AND PUBLIC PAPERS OF JOHN
Jay. Edited by Henry P. Johnston. In Four Volumes. Vol.
I. New York : G. P. Putnam's Sons.
JOHN Jay. By George Pellew. “American Statesmen”.
Series. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.


112
(Sept.,
THE DIAL
tional policy, letters to and from the fathers writer would be puzzled to find the passes
of the republic, intermingled with affectionate “ between the Hudson and Albany" spoken of
epistles to near relatives and wife. Probably on page 62. To speak of Count Florida Blanca
the most interesting contents are the official in 1780 as “the clever young diplomat” is
notes of Jay's ingenuous and naïve confer | hardly fair to the fifty-two years of worldly
ence with the Spanish minister, Count Florida experience of that wily courtier. Nor is it fair
Blanca, and the famous letter from Washing to Jay, in discussing his financial letter to the
ton to Jay in regard to the Gates cabal, with States in 1779, to say : “ It stated simply the
Jay's reply. The Washington letter is now causes of depreciation, which was held in this
for the first time published just as its writer case to be artificial, or due to lack of confidence
penned it, for Mr. Ford's volumes have not in the government, and not natural [or] due
yet reached that date. We could wish that to excessive issue.” (It has been necessary to
Professor Johnston had given us certain im amend Mr. Pellew's English to make it clear.)
portant letters not here published, such as the What Jay said in his letter was: “ The depre-
one in reference to the scene in Congress over ciation of bills of credit is always either natu-
the Deane imbroglio, which brought Jay to ral, or artificial, or both. The latter is our
the presiding chair of that body, and those of case.” Here, evidently, latter refers back to
March 5 and 17, 1779, so charming as revela both. Jay goes on to discuss the rationale of
tions of the tender relations of his home life. a natural depreciation from an inflated circu-
But the editor had the difficult task of selec lation, and then adds: “The artificial depre-
tion from a treasure-house before him, and has ciation is a more serious subject, and merits
managed to give us a rich collection.
minute investigation.” This depreciation he
Mr. Pellew writes for us an appreciative lays to the charge of loss of confidence. We
sketch of his great ancestor. Apparently he do not defend his distinction. We only ask
is “ to the manner born,” for he writes himself for correct citation. JOHN J. HALSEY.
down a “ mugwump," and undertakes to show
that his worthy grandsire was an olden type
to this nineteenth century antitype. We are
THE PROBLEM OF THE NORTHMEN AND
glad to have so good a memoir of Jay, for the
THE SITE OF NORUMBEGA.*
book sets forth in convenient and acceptable
form his characteristics as a conservative Whig
In 1888, Mr. Horsford published a work
leader, a Revolutionary leader, a constructive entitled, “Discovery of America by Northmen :
statesman, as presiding officer of Congress, Address at the Unveiling of the Statue of Leif
governor, diplomatist, and jurist. Nearly a
Erikson, Delivered in Faneuil Hall October
third of the pages is wisely given to the import | 29, 1887.” Against this work Justin Winsor
ant peace negotiations after the war, and Mr. quotes Bancroft's opinion that “though Scan-
Pellew vindicates against Sparks and Cabot dinavians may have reached the shores of Lab-
Lodge Jay's conduct in these negotiations. He rador, the soil of the United States has not one
clearly shows him, not as an obstructionist and | vestige of their presence.” This, Mr. Winsor
meddler coming in at a late hour to upset the adds, " is as true now as when first written."
negotiations so nearly completed by Franklin, Concerning this same work, Mr. Winsor says in
but rather as a leader of his venerable colleague | his “ Narrative and Critical History of Amer-
in independence and assertion, and as solely
ica”:
responsible for the conclusion which was so fa-
« Nothing could be slenderer than the alleged corre-
vorable to the United States that “ De Ver-
| spondences of languages ; and we can see in Horsford's
• Discovery of America by Northmen’to what a fanci-
gennes wrote to Rayneval that the English had ful extent a confident enthusiasm can carry it. · · ·
rather bought a peace than made one, and that The most incautious linguistic inferences, and the most
their concessions exceeded anything he had be-
uncritical cartographical perversions, are presented by
lieved possible ; and Rayneval replied that the
Eben Norton Horsford.”- Vol. I., page 98.]
treaty seemed to him like a dream."
* THE PROBLEM OF THE NORTHMEN: A Letter to Judge
Some matters remain for criticism. The au-
Daly, the President of the American Geographical Society.
By Eben Norton Horsford. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin &
thor has written Zwengler for Zenger on page
Co.
18, and Rhode for Long Island on page 83 ; THE DISCOVERY OF THE ANCIENT CITY OF NORUMBEGA:
on page 310 we find pavillon is misspelled pap-
A Communication to the President and Council of the Amer-
ican Geographical Society, at their Special Session in Water-
illon, with a very funny effect; and on page
M 01 page town, November 21, 1889. By Eben Norton Horsford. Boston:
289, 178.3 should be 179.3. We think the | Houghton, Mifflin & Co.


1890.)
THE DIAL
113
- - - - - - - -- --
It is to these words of Mr. Winsor, together ages of the Northmen to America,” which,
with the opinion of a committee of the Massa- | though brief, is the most scholarly presentation
chusetts Historical Society, adverse to the plan of this subject in the English language. He
of erecting a monument to Leif Erikson, that says that an investigation of the question makes
Mr. Horsford replies in his brochure entitled, it "easy to believe that the narratives con-
• The Problem of the Northmen.” Mr. Hors tained in the sagas are true in their general
ford believes, and thinks he can prove, that outlines and important features.” Higginson's
the Northmen were as far south as Massachu “ Larger History of the United States " also
setts. New England historical writers on this has a very excellent chapter on the Norse dis-
subject are still groping in the dark, for as a coveries.
matter of fact Mr. Bancroft, Mr. Winsor, the
Before completing his “ Antiquitates Amer-
committee of the Massachusetts Historical So-
icanæ ” Rafn had considerable correspondence
ciety, and Mr. Horsford, are all wrong. Mr. with American scholars, and hence the result
Bancroft is not an authority on this question. of his labors was awaited with great interest.
He is not familiar with the Vinland sagas, or Higginson says:
he would not have set them aside as - mytho-
“I can well remember, as a boy, the excitement pro-
logical”— a most inappropriate word. Mr.
duced among Harvard College professors when the pon-
Winsor is incomparably better equipped to derous volume called Antiquitates Americana, contain-
render an opinion, and ought not to have given ing the Norse legends of «Vinland,' with the translations
his readers an opportunity for thinking that
of Professor Rafn, made its appearance on the library
table."
he too believed with Mr. Bancroft that the
Northmen reached no further south than Lab-
This is sufficient to show that the work received
rador. Here Mr. Horsford scores a point
attention. The subject was not treated with in-
against Mr. Winsor. It is to be regretted that
difference among scholars except by a few who
Mr. Winsor has not obtained for his monu-
“ shrank from the innovation.” The American
mental work on American history the latest re-
mind was in a mood to be convinced. Hence,
sults of Scandinavian scholarship on the ques-
the fact that considerable doubt still prevails
tion of the Norse discoveries. Unfortunately,
is not so much the fault of American as of
none of the New England scholars who have Northern scholars, especially Rafn. He claimed
treated the subject have a knowledge of Old
too much, not only in regard to the Newport
Norse, the language of the sagas. He who
tower and the Dighton Writing Rock, but also
would speak with authority on this matter must
for the Old Norse records. He took for granted
have a comprehensive knowledge of Icelandic,
that all the sagas and fragments which refer to
or Old Norse, literature, and furthermore, he
the Vinland voyages are reliable except in some
must, in his investigations, apply the compara-
minor points,—a view which modern historical
tive and critical methods of modern historical
scholarship has shown to be untenable. There
research.
is a saga that gives a simple and trustworthy
Rafn, the Danish antiquarian, in his - An account of these expeditions, but it took care-
tiquitates Americanæ," published in 1837, was ful study to determine which saga contained
the first to collect the sagas and fragments re the original story. A rolling stone gathers no
lating to the Vinland voyages, and, although
moss, but a rolling story (if I may use the ex-
unfortunate, it is not very strange that he did
pression) gathers details and gains embellish-
not thoroughly understand his materials. If
ments. This is what the Vinland story did.
he had understood them, the question of the
Unfortunately, Rafn gave the first place in
Norse discoveries in America would have been
his work to the variants instead of to the sim-
settled, and there would have been no provoca-
ple unadorned tale. And even of this he did
tion for Mr. Winsor to say:
not print what is now considered far the best
" The more these details are scanned in the different text.
sagas, the more they confuse the investigator; and the
Space forbids my attempting to give in this
more successive relators try to enlighten us, the more
review the result of the latest researches in this
our doubts are strengthened, till we end with the con-
viction that all attempts at consistent enravelment leave
field. This much, however, may be stated : In
nothing but a vague sense of something somewhere the year 1000, Leif Erikson, on a voyage from
done."
Norway to Greenland, was driven out of his
Mr. Winsor would have been wise had he given course and discovered the American continent.
more prominence to Rev. Edmund F. Slafter's | That part of the continent which he called Vin-
opinion as found in his introduction to “ Voy- / land there are excellent reasons for believing


114
(Sept.,
THE DIAL
was the peninsula of Nova Scotia. He collected umbega at a particular spot. I went to the spot and
various specimens of the products of the coun-
found it.”
try and proceeded to Greenland, where his story The memorials that the author claims to
of the new land induced others to visit it. Those have found are the remains of two long log-
who made the first attempt were unsuccessful;
houses and some huts, together with the re-
but in 1003, Thorfinn Karlsevne, with three mains of some fish-pits and dams. It is Mr.
ships and one hundred and forty men, found Winsor's opinion that a trading-post and fort
the land and remained there about three years. were erected there by the French in the early
On account of troublesome natives and internal part of the sixteenth century. The subject of
discord, he left the country in the summer of
these remains, alluded to in the “Problem of
1007. This is the barest outline of a saga
the Northmen,” Mr. Horsford treats in detail
which is not only of historic interest, but “a in his last work, “ The Discovery of the An-
very charming story in itself, abounding in cient City of Norumbega.” The author says
beautiful scenes and well-told incidents," with that there have always been before the world
a charm of style and beauty of diction which certain grand geographical problems; among
its variants and the various fragmentary ac them these : Where were Vinland and Norum-
counts do not possess.
bega? He solves both problems with one deft
Mr. Horsford has undertaken to make a final
stroke : Vinland and Norum bega are identical!
settlement of this much-disputed question. He
To commemorate the alleged discovery, Mr.
insists that he has found the exact spot where
Horsford has erected, at his own expense, at
Leif and his successors landed. It is vain to
Watertown, near the mouth of Stony Brook
be dogmatic in discussing the landfalls of early
(a tributary of the Charles), an antique stone
explorers. Mr. Horsford disregards the prin-
tower. This, he thinks, will invite criticism,
cipal canons of criticism in this field of re-
excite interest in that field of archæological
search, and asserts that Leif's booths were on
investigation, and finally allay that skepticism
the Charles River near Boston. His writings,
which would deprive Massachusetts of the glory
in their “ wealth of cartographical adornment
of holding the landfall of Leif Erikson, and of
and sumptuousness of page,” at first throw one
being the seat of the earliest colony of Euro-
off his guard, but it is not necessary to read
peans in America.
far before it becomes evident that on points
Mr. Horsford locates Vinland from the terms
where there is occasion for deep shadings of
in the sagas, which, he says, are as descriptive
doubt Mr. Horsford is dogmatic, and that his
as a chart. He contends that Norum bega is a
acquaintance with the literature of the subject
corruption of Norbega or Norvega. The Indi-
is superficial. A careful perusal of his three
ans, among whom the Norwegians came, could
published works will scarcely leave any doubt
not, he says, utter the sound of b without put-
in the mind of anyone conversant with this
ting the sound of m before it. Hence Norbega
question that the author's conclusions are thor-
became Nor’mbega.
oughly unreliable. It is necessary to say this,
To show that this theory is utterly untenable,
eager though one may be to find legitimate
it is simply necessary to call attention to the
fruits of such commendable enthusiasm as Mr.
fact that the name of the country we call Nor-
Horsford displays in his studies.
way nowhere occurs in Scandinavian literature,
“ The Problem of the Northmen” is, in the
ancient or modern, in the form Norbega. It
main, a defense of the author's methods of
| has neither a b nor an a. The form Norvegr
studying geographical problems. He speaks
is found, but is not common. In all the sagas,
of having found Leif's landing-place, and cou-
including all variants and fragments, that make
ples this claim with the solution of another dis-
mention of the Vinland voyages, the word for
puted question in American history: the site
Norway invariably appears in the form of Nor-
of Fort Norumbega. He says:
egr, without even a r.
Here is another argument which Mr. Hors-
• The site of Norumbega was first found in the liter-
ature of the subject, and when I had eliminated every
ford adduces to support his theory :
doubt of the locality that I could find, I drove with a “The people of Norway settling in a newly discor-
friend through a region I had never before visited, ofered country claimed the sovereignty of that country.
the topography of which I knew nothing, nine miles Vinland belonged to Norway,--that is, Norbega."
away, directly to the remains of the Fort......
Such statements as these sorely try one's pa-
In a certain sense there was in this discovery the fulfil-
ment of a prophecy. On the basis of the literature
tience. Leif Erikson and Thorfinn Karlsevne
of the subject, i had predicted the finding of Fort Nor- | were natives of Iceland, independent inhabit-


1890.]
115
THE DIAL
heard of theeties of Amers that Norumbormée
ants of an independent country which did not in 1556 (which date Horsford also gives), could
become subject to Norway till 1263. No Nor not have spoken of Virginia, a name that was
wegian king ever claimed the sovereignty of applied much later than 1556. The date of
Vinland.
the First Charter is 1606, and Elizabeth, the
In Winsor's “ Narrative and Critical His virgin queen, in whose honor the country was
tory of America," the question of Norumbega named, did not begin her reign untill 1558.
is treated by Rev. Benjamin F. De Costa, who Thevet did not speak of a beautiful city, but a
has also written the story of - The Lost City | beautiful river. A river presents itself, one
of New England,” the very title of which would of the beautiful rivers that are in the world,
seem to show that his search for it has been which we named Norombegue, and the Indians
confined to New England. He thinks that Aggoncy, and which is marked on some marine
Norumbega was on the Penobscot, concerning charts as Grande river.”
which theory there are the gravest doubts, but It would seem that Mr. Weise's explanation
he confesses his inability to offer any clue as is worthy of consideration. We commend his
to the origin of the term. In his own words : book to the careful perusal of Mr. Horsford.
“ Perhaps the explanation of the word does
Julius E. Olson.
not lie so far away as some suppose, though
the study of the subject must be attended with
great care.” Following this suggestion, one
NEW VIEWS OF Russia.*
would naturally suppose the name to be French,
for it was used by French writers before the
No two books could fall into the reviewer's
English settled in America (1607). The ear hands better calculated to supplement each
liest reference, according to De Costa, is on a other than Morfill's “Story of Russia" and
map of 1529.
Emilia Pardo Bazán's “ Russia: Its People
Neither De Costa nor Horsford seem to have and Its Literature.” The first-named volume
heard of the explanation offered by Weise in gives an outline of Russian history from the
his - Discoveries of America to 1525," pub development of the little Grand Duchy of Mus-
lished in 1884. He thinks that Norumbega is covy, in the fifteenth century, to the present
a corruption of the French words Anormée | mighty empire with its hundred million inhab-
Berge, and that they were applied to the Pal- | itants.” While not attempting to conceal the
isades on the Hudson. The country of the darker shades of the picture, the writer has
Palisades would then have been La Terre endeavored to avoid drawing his sketch from
D'Anormée Berge. Anormé is an obsolete | a purely English standpoint. He says in his
form of the adjective énorme, and signifies that Preface:
which is vast or grand; the noun berge means “There is nothing political about my book. I have
an elevated border of a river, a scarp of a for-
simply told the truth as it appeared to me. I have
treated Russia as an important element in the national-
tification, rocks elevated perpendicularly above
ities of the world, a country of great solidarity and
the water. There are various forms of the strength, whatever may have been said to the contrary.”
word Norum bega. On a terrestrial globe made
Mr. Morfill bears the title of “ Reader in the
by Mercator in 1541 he has Anorumbega ; on
Russian and Slavonic Languages” in the Uni-
a map made about the year 1548 for King
versity of Oxford. He is the author of a work
Henry II. of France we find Anorobagra ; and
on “ Slavonic Literature,” of “ A Simplified
the French explorer Laudonniere (1564) uses
Grammar of the Serbian Language," and of
the words Terre de Vorumberge, which looks
"A Grammar of the Russian Language.” His
suspiciously like Terre D'Anormée Berge. Mr.
philological labors have trained him well in
Weise thinks that the writings of the earlier
the art of condensation, and his attempt to
French explorers uphold him, and he gives
condense the leading facts in the public rec-
many interesting quotations from them in sup-
ords of a country embracing one-sixth of the
port of his theory. I notice that Mr. Horsford
habitable globe, and a period of more than one
also quotes some of the same French authori-
thousand years, within the limits of a duodecimo
ties,—very recklessly, however. He quotes
story-book, is most gracefully accomplished.
Thevet as saying: “ To the north of Virginia
is Norumbega, which is well known as a beau * The Story of Russia. By W. R. Morfill, M.A. New
York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
tiful city and a great river.” He does not give
RUSSIA : Its People and Its Literature. By Emilia Pardo
the original French. The sentence condemns
Bazán. Translated from the Spanish, by Fanny Hale Gardi-
itself, however, as Thevet, who was in America ner. Chicago : A. C. McClurg & Co.'


116
[Sept.,
THE DIAL
His story is what it aims to be something more realist movement in Spain. Much of her life
than a mere compilation in the English language has been spent in association with men of mark.
of other people's stories. He has thoroughly She became acquainted with Russia in Paris,
studied the writings of Nestor, Karamzin, Kos the city where Turgenief sojourned that he
tomarov, and other Russian authorities almost might gain a clearer insight into his beloved
wholly unread in this country, and illustrated country. She read everything written about
the facts thus obtained and embodied in his Russia in the several languages with which she
pleasant narration by translations from the his was familiar, and also all the best translations
torical poems handed down by native chroni of the prominent productions of Russian liter-
clers and contemporary diaries.
ature, besides associating herself with Russian
A book of this kind, with its pictures of authors and artists for the express purpose of
peasants and royal personages, of tombs, coins, noting their opinions. What she has thus
medals, and public buildings, and its maps of acquired she gives her readers in a thoroughly-
the Russian Empire before the time of Peter matured and well-digested form.
the Great and of the same empire in 1889, is Some of her conclusions are most ingenious
most timely at the present moment, when the and interesting to follow. In classifying Rus-
public mind is so thoroughly on the alert for sia among the nations of Europe, she says:
light on Russia. It is a most agreeable intro “There are two great peoples which have not yet
duction to the geography, ethnology, legendary placed their stones in the world's historic edifice. They
lore, history, and literature of the land, and
are the great transatlantic republic and the colossal
paves the way to a comprehension of its polit-
Sclavonic empire,--the United States and Russia. What
artistic future awaits the young North American nation?
ical and religious organizations, the condition
That land of material civilization, free, happy, with
of the Russian Church, and Russian dissent. wise and practical institutions, with splendid natural
Trifling errors in proof-reading or inconsisten resources, with flourishing commerce and industries,
cies in the spelling of proper names, however
that people so young yet so vigorous, has acquired ev-
erything except the acclimatization in her vast and fer-
much to be regretted, cannot seriously mar the
tile territory of the flower of beauty in the arts and let-
value of the work to the reading public.
ters. Her literature, in which such names as Edgar
There is certainly awakened by the book a Poe shine with a world-wide lustre, is yet a prolonga-
desire for more knowledge of the life beneath | tion of the English literature, and no more. What
would that country not give to see within berself the
the surface in this wonderful country; and this
glorious promise of that spirit which produced a Mur-
we gain from the neat little volume by Doña
illo, a Cervantes, a Goethe, or a Meyerbeer, while she
Bazán, presented to American readers in a covers with gold the canvases of the mediocre painters
most admirable English translation by Fanny of Europe ! But that art and literature of a national
Hale Gardiner. It may seem singular that we
character may be spontaneous, a people must pass
through two epochs,—one, in which, by the process of
should go to Spain for information about Rus-
time, the myths and heroes of earlier days assume a
sia, and that, too, from an author who has
representative character, and the early creeds and aspi-
neither visited the country nor become ac rations, still undefined by reflection, take shape in pop-
quainted with its language ; yet in reading her
ular poetry and legend; the other, in which, after a
frank avowal of her lacks we are inspired with
period of learning, the people arises and shakes off the
outer crust of artificiality, and begins to build consci-
the belief that she has based her opinions upon
entiously its own art upon the basis of its never-forgot-
solid foundations.
ten traditions. The United States was born full-grown.
Emilia Pardo Bazán, as we learn from the It never passed through the cloud-land of myth; it is
translator's interesting Preface, is a Spanish
utterly lacking in that sort of popular poetry which to-
day we call folk-lore. But when a nation carries within
woman of well-known literary attainments, as
itself this powerful and prolific seed, sooner or later
well as wealth and position. Books were almost
this will sprout. . . . Russia is a complete proof
her sole pleasures in childhood, and at fourteen of this truth.”
she was widely read in history, science, poetry, In treating of the ethnology and topography.
and fiction. During her wanderings with her of Russia, Doña Bazán shows how a homoge-
father, who some years later was obliged to neous people has proceeded from various races
leave his country for political reasons, she and origins, and how geographical oneness su-
learned French, English, and Italian, in order perseding ethnological variety has created a
to read the literatures of those tongues, and moral unity stronger than all others. She
plunged deep into German philosophy. In shows how finally the Slav became the dominat-
spired finally by her reading and observation, ing influence, not from numerical superiority,
she became a novel-writer herself, and success but because his character was more adaptable
fully called forth the first echoes of the French to European civilization. Her accounts of Rus-


1890.]
117
THE DIAL
sian serfdom, Russian autocracy, the agrarian meetings, are as liable to exile in Siberia as are
municipality, the social classes, nihilism, and the adherents of certain mystic and dangerous
the position of woman in Russia, all evince pro sects whose rites and ceremonies are often most
found thought and keen judgment, as do also offensive and indecent, we cease to marvel at
her delineations of Russian literature and the | the vigorous fermentation in Russia. The hu-
character of Russian authors. Occasionally we | man soul revolts against injustice, political, re-
find her biased in a way that betrays the Span- ligious, or social; and it seems reasonable to
ish Catholic, but in the main she proves her- / believe that Russia is on the eve of a great
self impartial. She gives a masterly analysis political, religious, and social change.
of the life and works of Tolstoi, whom she
AUBERTINE WOODWARD MOORE.
styles nihilist and mystic, of Dostoiëwsky the
psychologist, and of Turgenief the poet and
artist, of whom she says that he loved his coun THE DARK PROBLEM OF THE DARK
try well enough to tell her the truth, and to
CONTINENT.*
warn her persistently and incessantly. In the “My mission is to teach you three things--the most
conclusion of her final remarks on Russian important, the most sacred, the most indispensable which
can be taught on earth;faith, which sustains and guides
realism, she writes :
the life of man; hope, which consoles and cheers him;
“Russia is an enigma ; let those solve it who can,
charity, which renders his existence a source of happi-
I could not. The Sphinx called to me; I looked into
ness to himself and a benefit to others.”
the depths of her eyes, I felt the sweet and bewildering
attraction of the unknown, I questioned her, and like
These words are from the pastoral letter of
the German poet I wait, with but moderate hope, for Mgr. Lavigerie to his future fock, on taking
the answer to come to me, borne by voices of the ocean possession of his Episcopal dignity when ap-
of Time.”
pointed to the See of Nancy in 1863 ; and they
Having made the acquaintance of these two
express as well, perhaps, as words can, the
volumes, the reader will find himself ready to
spirit of the man who devoted his whole life
dip with fresh eagerness into the mysteries of
and labors to the service of humanity. Born
such works as “ The Truth About Russia" by at Bayonne in 1825, ordained priest by special
W. T. Stead, “ The Russian Church and Rus- dispensation from Rome while under the canon-
sian Dissent” by Albert F. Heard, and the ical age of twenty-four, appointed Professor of
fascinating works of Stepniak, including his | Latin Literature in the House of Studies in
“Underground Russia," and his new romance, 1849, elevated to the chair of Ecclesiastical
* The Career of a Nihilist.” He will enter
History in the Sarbonne in 1854, elected Direc-
with renewed interest into the tragedy of Rus-
tor-General of the Society for the Promotion
sian history as revealed by these writings and of Christian Education in the East in 1857,
by the papers of George Kennan. He will be made Auditor of the Rota for France and do-
led to ponder deeply on the riddle propounded
mestic prelate to his Holiness in 1861, he be-
by the present political, social, and religious came a member of the highest tribunal of the
conditions of Russia.
Roman court ; and in 1863, at the age of thir-
A new world of speculation must inevitably
st inevitably ty-eight, he was created Bishop of the See of
be called into being in any earnest mind that
Nancy, and four years later Archbishop of Al-
attempts to follow the career of General Igna- |
geria, where, by his faithful labors of fifteen
tief, the Russian Gladstone, and that of M. years, he well earned and was rewarded with
Pobedonestzeff, Procureur of the Holy Synod, the red hat in 1882. These rapid promotions
who instituted a new reign of intolerance, and of an obscure youth are evidences no less of
who has devoutly believed that the fate of the the discernment and high Christian purpose of
Tsar was dependent on that of the Orthodox the Catholic Church than of the superior abil-
Russian Church, which must be upheld on its ity and profound consecration of Mgr. Lav-
lofty pedestal, even if it be as a lifeless body.
| igerie.
The history and philosophy of Russian dissent
Passing over his eminent services in securing
and its treatment are awakening more and more the rights of Christians in the East, and his
attention. When we learn that the peaceful efforts to promote a more liberal education in
virtuous Stundists and Pashkoffski (followers
the See of Nancy, we cannot but pause to ad-
of M. Pashkoff), whose sole offence is that they mire the humanitarian work which he did in
endeavor to benefit immoral and irreligious
* CARDINAL LAVIGERIE AND THE AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE.
members of the orthodox church by inducing | Edited by Richard F. Clarke, S.J., Trinity College, Oxford.
them to attend their Bible readings and prayer- | New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.


118
(Sept.,
THE DIAL
Algeria. Arriving there when more than five laid down their lives, eleven of them suffering
hundred thousand of the natives had been swept violent deaths, for the sake of carrying the light
away by the cholera and typhus fever, he found of Christianity to those benighted regions.
the country devoured by a famine horrible past And this brings us to the dreadful subject
description, and thousands of children persh of the African slave-trade, with which the chief
ing for the want of food and care. These he part of Mr. Clarke's excellent account of Car-
hastened to gather into orphanages, and ap- dinal Lavigerie has to do. We of the United
pealed to all Christendom for help to save their States have in our earlier years passed through
perishing bodies and educate their benighted such a nightmare of slavery, and awakened out
minds. He rescued them from the wild and of our terrible dream in such a bloody sweat,
unthrifty habits of the Arabs, and trained them that we are apt to think of the word slavery as
to lives of duty and industry. And when the standing for a thing of the past ; and it is with
French government, which had neglected the something akin to surprise that we see this
deserted waifs, had determined as a matter of terrible apparition rising out of the jungles of
state policy to return these children to the wan Africa and still bidding defiance to the genial
dering tribes and remit them again to barbar- | powers of civilization and Christianity. We
ism, Mgr. Lavigerie withstood Marshal Mc have indeed seen the last of chattel slavery in
Mahan, and even Napoleon III. himself, with the countries of Christendom; but under the
a boldness and decision that they little expected Crescent it still thrives, and the European na-
to find in this gentle shepherd of lost lambs. tions are gradually opening their eyes to the
When Mgr. Lavigerie entered Africa, it was terrible fact that this monster is already so
with views that extended far beyond the con intrenched in the interior of Africa as to form
fines of the French possessions there. It was the one insurmountable obstacle to its civiliza-
in the apostolic frame of mind of the ancient tion. And we must remember that it is not
fathers that he looked upon the - Dark Conti slavery modified and tempered by civilization
nent.” No sooner had he brought confusion as it was in our Southern States, but slavery
out of disorder in Algeria and Tunis, than he intensified by Mohammedism and barbarism.
began to reach forth to the tribes to the west Many have the impression that with the open-
and south. He organized a society called “The ing up of the interior these cruelties will dis-
White Fathers of Algeria ”—so named from appear; but the reverse appears thus far to
the white robe they wore,—a band of mission have been the fact. All authorities agree that
aries who sought martyrdom with the zeal of slavery there runs riot now as never before.
the ancients. No sooner were the members of Intercourse with the white man has introduced
one party slaughtered by the bloody natives the spirit of trade, and there is no game so
than twice the number would spring forward easily captured as human beings. The Mos-
to take their places. The opening up of Cen lem slave-traders have furnished the natives
tral Africa by the labors of Sir Samuel Baker, with firearms and taught them the trade of
General Gordon, Livingstone, Stanley, and slave-hunting. The inhuman traffic was for-
Emin Bey, inspired Mgr. Lavigerie with bound merly carried on chiefly to supply the market
less hope. He soon parcelled out the wild coun in Western Asia and Turkey, and it was to
try between Lakes Tanganyika and Nyanza break up this hellish commerce that Baker and
and the upper waters of the Congo into apos Gordon undertook their great expeditions ; but
tolic vicariates, over which he appointed bish the gains of the slave-trade found their way
ops, and heroic bands of priests were soon into the pockets of the Egyptian officials ; the
threading the jungles of Uganda, and proving good intentions of the Khedive were no match
to the world that these debased and down-trod for the cupidity of his officers, and Baker and
den negroes, hunted, captured, sold like brute Gordon failed in their humane purpose. The
beasts, were, under the influence of their relig domestic slave-trade has also increased im-
ious teaching and example, capable of showing mensely in the last twenty years ; so that now
a sublime devotion and heroic courage worthy many once-populous districts are left desolate
of comparison with that of the martyrs of the from the repeated raids of the hunters. It is
early ages. We have read a great deal of estimated that not less than five hundred thou-
Stanley and the other explorers who have done sand human beings are annually destroyed in
so much to open up the unknown interior of this ruthless traffic. Cardinal Lavigerie, in
Africa ; but we have heard little of the more his speech before the London Anti-Slavery So-
than fifty devoted missionaries who have already i ciety in 1888, says :


1890.]
119
THE DIAL
“Slavery, in the proportions that it has now assumed,
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
means, in fact, the approaching destruction of the black
population of the interior, with the impossibility of pen The late Mark Pattison, sometime Rector of Lin-
etrating and civilizing the heart of the country. My coln College, was perhaps as indifferent to literary
missionaries are established in the Sahara, and upon fame as was his delightful contemporary, Edward
the high table-lands of Central Africa from the north Fitz Gerald. Pattison was a great and finished
of Nyanza to the south of Tanganyika. They have seen scholar; not a specialist, but rather a humanist-
with their own eyes, in the course of ten years, whole
if that word may be used to describe a scholar who
provinces absolutely depopulated by the massacres of
the slave-hunters, and each day they are obliged to wit-
sought to combine exactness of knowledge with phil-
ness scenes which point to the extinction of the race.
osophic amplitude of survey. In him acquisitive-
They tell me particularly of the province of Manynema,
ness predominated over the instinct of communica-
which at the time of the death of Livingstone was the tion ; in his gettings he was an assiduous practiser
richest in ivory and population, and which the slave of the rule of addition, division, and silence. His
hunters have now reduced to a desert, seizing the ivory literary productions seem to have been wrung from
and reducing the inhabitants to slavery in order that him, as it were, drop by drop. Not that he was
they may carry it to the coast, after which their cap- | anything of a bookworm or pedant; but he delib-
tives would be sold. The contempt for human life
erately set the value of knowing above that of pro-
engendered by such examples as these, and by the pas-
sions of the slave-hunters, is so great that you can im-
ducing. He was one of the few men of this century
who have had the leisure and the self-denial to un-
agine nothing more horrible. If this state of things
continues, Africa as a nation cannot remain. These
dertake Goethe's great task of self-culture. Those
horrors are incompatible with the existence of Africa,
who would learn how Pattison went about this task,
and the country will be absolutely and irredeemably and what was the outcome, should read his fascinat-
lost. Things have reached such a pass in the vicinity ing “ Memoirs” (reviewed in THE DIAL for July,
of the great lakes now that every woman, every child, 1885). His principal literary works were the val-
that strav ten minutes away from their village, have i uable - Life of Casaubon," and the “ Milton” in
no certainty of ever returning to it."
the “ English Men of Letters” series. The latter
The whole speech is well worth quoting, but is perhaps the most concentrated and masterly book
want of space forbids, and for the same rea-
of that admirable series. His treatment of Milton
son we must refer interested readers to Mr.
combines a charm equal to Macaulay's with a pun-
Clarke's book for a full discussion of the vari-
gency equal to Johnson's ; but the greatest value of
| the book consists in its unusual weight of matter
ous remedies proposed for this crying evil. One
and force of thought. It is no slight distinction to
thing is evident: Mohammedism is responsible write the best thing on a subject upon which every-
for the slave-trade of Africa, and is straining one tries the edge of his wit. Of like force and
every nerve to secure the millions of Africa for weight are his “ Essays," posthumously published
its own. Hitherto the nations of Europe have in two stately volumes at the Clarendon Press (Mac-
put forth their energies chiefly in the direction millan), under the editorship of Professor Nettle-
of commercial advantages; but the time has
ship. These - Essays” include more than one hun-
come when, to secure these, they must assume
dred pages, crown octavo, upon Joseph Scaliger-
a more friendly attitude toward the devoted
fragments of a great work over which Pattison
brooded for many years. They also include inter-
men who are endeavoring to bring a Christiani
esting and original studies of other great humanists :
civilization to the hordes of African negroes. i
Muretus, Huet, and F. A. Wolf. Noteworthy also
Not that Testaments and moral pocket-hand-
are the essays on the life of Warburton, on Pope
kerchiefs will do much for these savages, as and his editors, on Buckle's “ History of Civiliza-
Emin Bey says; but the kind of civilization tion," on the Calas Tragedy, and on Calvin at
that goes with Testaments and moral pocket- Geneva. The most famous essay of all is that enti-
handkerchiefs must meet and conquer the in- tled " Tendencies of Religious Thought in England,
fluences that go with the Koran and the slave-
1688–1750,”—an original contribution to history,
trade. We understand that Cardinal Lavig-
the fruit of long and laborious studies. Perhaps,
however, the essay in which Pattison most fully and
erie is now making a tour of Europe with the
genially unfolds himself is that entitled “Oxford
hope that by his persuasive eloquence he can
Studies," wherein the author develops his theory of
unite all Christendom in some well-considered
a university and his noble philosophy of liberal ed-
and effective plan for meeting the encroach ucation. Of course these essays are too compact
ments of the Moslem power in Africa, and for and thoughtful to enjoy wide popularity; and more's
stamping out the infamous traffic in human the pity, for few popular essayists have a tithe of
flesh, and thus opening the interior of the the intellectual capital of Pattison. But readers
Darkest Continent” to the influences of com-
with a stomach for solid pabulum will find their
merce, education, and Christianity.
account here. Pattison's style has unusual merits;
it is crisp and crusty and cogent, as if the writer's
JAMES F. CLAFLIN. | aim had been to speak once and then forever hold


120
(Sept.,
THE DIAL
his peace. His English is pure, never scholastic, of white and green cloth, and the beautiful illustra-
never poetical, never cireumlocutory. Mr. John tions of Edmund H. Garrett, are in harmony with
Morley pronounces Pattison “the shrewdest and the general refinement of the work.
most widely competent critic of his day.” Of his
conversation Mr. Morley says: “ There was nobody The record of a long and useful life is contained
in whose company one felt so much of the ineffable | in a volume recently issued by the Congregational
comfort of being quite safe against an attack of Sunday School and Publishing Society, entitled “Asa
platitude.” Such immunity may not be best for Turner and His Times.” The “ Times” of Asa
all; but to the veteran reader of what is called, Turner were the second and third quarters of the
with unintended irony, the periodical literature" present century in the new countries of Illinois and
of the day, how grateful the discovery of one essay Iowa. Even those who may not care to read of
ist who never writes to order! He puts into his the man personally, or of the home missionary work
writings the best of all he knows and feels, and to which his life was consecrated, may be stirred
none of the second-best. He practises, by prefer- | by the relations of pioneer experiences in those
ence, that gospel of silence which Carlyle only | eventful days which immediately succeeded the
preached. In his writings, as in life, to quote Mr. greatest struggle ever made in this country to con-
Morley again, he encounters all commonplace with quer a state for slavery. Those were the days when
“some significant, admonitory, and almost luminous the convention to amend the Constitution of Illinois
manifestation of the great ars tacendi.” In fine, to permit slaveholding so nearly succeeded, when
these essays unite classic reticence with something
the first Anti-Slavery Society of Illinois was formed
of classic dignity and conciseness.
(Mr. Turner being chairman), and when Lovejoy
was murdered by a pro-slavery mob while defend-
The little volume entitled “ The Blind Musician" ing his own printing-presses in the city of Alton.
(Little, Brown, & Co.) is a new addition to our trans Iowa, whither Mr. Turner went only two months
lations from the Russian, which have become so pop- | after it had secured independent existence as the
ular with English and American readers. The au-
Territory of Iowa, was a country even rawer and
thor's name is also new to us— Vladimir Korolenko. | newer than Illinois. But to our hardy pioneer its
The Introduction is by George Kennan, whose ac one objection was that "it was so beautiful, there
quaintance with the author began through reading might be an unwillingness to exchange it for the
his articles in various Russian periodicals. The
paradise above." As the records of a leader in all
high opinion formed from these was strengthened
moral and social reforms, as well as in strictly de-
by a later personal acquaintance, and he considers nominational work, from these early days until the
Korolenko as representing the most progressive, lib time of his death forty-seven years later, these me-
eral, sincerely patriotic type of young Russian man- | morials of Mr. Turner have a value for the future
hood. As long ago as 1886 or 1887, this author historian of a great and populous state where sixty-
wrote a long and carefully worked-out novel of six years ago President Monroe had in mind to col-
Russian life, but its publication was vetoed by the lect a vast and permanent Indian nation.
censor of the press. His short stories, sketches,
and studies of character have been produced under THE University of Pennsylvania publishes, as one
great discouragements and interruptions, Korolenko, of the pamphlets of its Political Economy Series, a
although not yet thirty-five years old, having been translation, by Prof. E. J. James, of “The Federal
already four times banished from his home to re Constitution of Switzerland.” A nearly contempo-
mote parts of the empire. The present story indi raneous translation of the same document, by Pro-
cates very high literary and artistic powers, working fessor Hart of Harvard, published in the “Old
with a theme somewhat uncommon in literature. It | South Leaflets" by Heath & Co., attests the gen-
is a psychological study, dealing with the inner life eral interest felt in comparative constitutional his-
of a man blind from birth. The author undertakes tory. The differences between these two transla-
to reveal not only the psychological processes in the tions are so marked as to suggest that if there is a
mind of the blind, but their sufferings from the lack necessity for careful study of the Swiss constitution
of sight as well, uncomplicated by any untoward cir- in this country, a harmonious English version of it
cumstances. The sources of musical feeling, the should be adopted. The 6 Extraordinary Tribunals”
development of the soul through love and pater- of Art. 58, according to the Harvard version, be-
nity, the awakening of the heart out of egotism and come “Exceptional Courts" in the Pennsylvania
selfish complainings to a sympathetic interest in version ; the former conforming most closely to En-
other men, are subjects which are brought to bear glish idioms. The reciprocal “ right of free emi-
on the narrative with rare insight and skill. Thus, gration to foreign states," in Art. 63 of the Penn-
although almost entirely lacking in outward inci- sylvania translation, is found in Massachusetts to
dent, it is highly attractive for its delicate and pen be an “exit duty on property," a wholly different
etrating treatment of many things which belong to subject. In Art. 6, the Pennsylvania version de-
the inner history of nearly everyone. The transla- | clares that “ the cantons are required to demand of
tion is by Aline Delano, and is so well done that the Union its guaranty for their constitutions,” and
one forgets it is a translation. The dainty binding that “the Union shall accord this guaranty" condi-


1890.)
121
THE DIAL
tionally; while the other version says that “the the other author, and free recourse has been had
Cantons are bound to ask of the Confederation” | to original documents. M. de Saint-Amand's pro-
such guaranty, and proceeds to declare that “this cess of selection and arrangement has resulted in a
guaranty is accorded " thereby, with conditions. | graphic picture of the inmediate surroundings of
Such conflicts of translation will send many an the Emperor during the period treated, and his
American student to the original, before he can un book will be found very entertaining by readers
derstand his translation.
who like plenty of sentiment and color, and anec-
dotal details of court ceremony and intrigue.
A CHAPTER taken bodily from Dr. Woodrow Wil-
son's treatise entitled “ The State," which was no-
ticed in The DIAL, Vol. X., p. 308, becomes a man-
ANNOUNCEMENTS OF FALL BOOKS.
ual for the use of colleges and schools, under the
title of State and Federal Governments of the
The following classified list embodies reports fur-
United States” (Heath). It has one advantage
nished to The Dial by the principal American pub-
lishers, regarding the books which they are preparing
over the other numerous manuals prepared for the
to issue during the Fall season. The number of pub-
purpose of teaching to students the constitutional
lishers represented is thirty-seven, and the number of
and political peculiarities of our country, namely,
titles is nearly four hundred-over a hundred more
that it is written from the point of view of the Johns than were given in the similar list of a year ago. The
Hopkins Studies in Political Science, and embodies present list, like the former, does not aim to include
the results of the latest researches of the promoters absolutely everything — some minor juveniles and un-
of that series of Studies.
important fiction and miscellaneous brochures being
necessarily excluded. It has been the intention to
The eighth volume of the “ Riverside Library omit also new editions, unless in new form or with new
for Young People" (Houghton) is somewhat of a
and distinctive features. The list will, we believe, be
departure from the rest of the series. Its prede-
found of interest and value to our readers, presenting
cessors have dealt with history, biography, mechan-
as it does a complete survey of what is being done in
the various departments of literature at the important
ics, natural history, and other subjects of exact
season of the publishing year. A noticeable feature of
study. The latest volume differs from these in be-
the list is the falling off in the high priced holiday
ing devoted to a consideration of practical life-prob-
books of a few years ago; and it is pleasant to note,
lems, under the title “ Girls and Women,” by E. | also, that these nearly extinct literary and art mam-
Chester. It is a very wise and suggestive little moths are so happily compensated for by the abundance
book. Advice for young women has abounded ever of smaller and daintier volumes containing old and
since the days when Mrs. Chapone's " Letters" or often rare literary gems in new and elegant setting.
Dr. Gregory's “ Legacy to his Daughters” were
Many other not less interesting indications from the
considered almost the only appropriate reading for
list will be apparent to the discerning reader.
women. But the whole condition of woman's world
HISTORY.
has changed so rapidly and so materially within the United States, Genesis of the : A Narrative of the Movement
last few years that an entirely new point of view is in England, 1605-1616, which resulted in the Plantation
required of those who would guide the present gen-
of North America by Englishmen. Collected, arranged,
and edited by Alexander Brown. With illus. and Maps.
eration. Some subjects, it is true, are never out 2 vols. Houghton. $15.00.
grown; thus, our little book deals with the old top-
England in the Eighteenth Century, History of. By W. E.
H. Lecky. Vols. VII. and VIII. Appleton.
ics, “ Health," " Hospitality," " The Essentials of a
German Empire, Founding of by William I. Translated from
Lady," etc. But what would our grandmothers, or the German of Heinrich von Sybel, by Prof. Marshall
even our mothers, have thought of a woman's book
Livingstone Perrin. 5 vols. Crowell. $10.00.
containing instructions for “An Aim in Life,” “How
Charles IX., A Chronicle of His Reign. By Prosper Mérimée.
110 Illustrations. Cassell. $7.50.
shall Girls Support Themselves ? ” or “ Occupations Venetian Printing-Press, The. An Historical Study. By Ho
for the Rich." Nevertheless, these are some of the
ratio F. Brown. 22 Wood-block Illustrations. Limite
Letter-press Edition. Putnam. $10.00.
most valuable portions of the work. Although es-
United States, History of during the Administrations of James
pecially profitable reading for girls between fifteen Madison. By Henry Adams. With Maps. The First
and twenty, we heartily commend it to women of
Administration in two volumes. The Second Adminis-
tration in three volumes. Scribner. Per vol., $2.00.
all ages.
McMaster's History of the People of the United States. Vol.
MENTION has been made in a former number of
III. Appleton.
New England, Economic and Social History of. 1620 1789.
Mr. T. S. Perry's translation of M. Imbert de Saint-
By William B. Weeden. 2 vols. Houghton. $1.50.
Amand's Famous Women of the French Court" Royal Edinburgh : Her Saints, Kings, and Scholars. By Mrs.
(Scribner). The second volume in the series, “ The
Oliphant. Illus. by George Reid. Macmillan. $3.00.
History of the Middle Ages: From the Fall of the Western
Happy Days of the Empress Marie Louise," relates Empire to the Middle of the XVth Century. Translated
in detail the diplomatic preliminaries of Napoleon's from the French of Victor Duruy. With Introduction,
Notes, and Revisions, by George B. Adams. Holt.
marriage to the daughter of the Germanic Cæsars,
Tabular Views of Universal History: A Series of Chronolog-
and the story of their married life up to the culmi ical Tables. Compiled by G, P. Putnam, and brought
nation, in 1812, of the Emperor's career. This down to 1890 by Lynds E. Jones. Putnam.
Freedom Triumphant. (The Fourth and Final Volume of a
volume, like its predecessor, is largely made up of
History of the Civil War.) By Charles Carleton Coffin.
excerpts-—"purple patches ”—from this, that, and Illus. Harper. $3.00.


122
[Sept.,
THE DIAL
Story of the Nations. The. New volumes : The Jews under | Pusey. Edward Bouverie, D.D., Life of. By H. P. Liddon,
the Romans, by W. Douglas Morrison; The Story of Seot D.D., D.C.L. Longmans.
land, by James Mackintosh, LL.D.; The Story of Switzer. Dana, Richard H., Jr. By Charles Francis Adams. 2 vols.
land, by R. Stead and Mrs. Arnold Hug. Illus. Putnam. Houghton.
Per vol., $1.5).
Phillips, Wendell, Life of. By Carlos Martyn. Funk. $1.50.
** Historie Towns" Series. New volumes : New York, by
Fisk, Clinton B., Life of. By Prof. A. H. Hopkins. Funk.
Theodore Roosevelt; York, by James Raine, M. D.,
D.C.L. Longmans.
$1.30.
Massachusetts, The Story of. By Edward Everett Hale.
Harding, Chester, A Sketch of. Drawn by His Own Hand.
Lothrop. $1.30.
Edited by his Daughter, Margaret E. White. Houghton.
Wisconsin, 'The Story of. By Reuben G. Thwaites. Loth-
Mungo Park and the Niger. By Joseph Thomson. Illus, and
rop. $1.50).
with Maps. “Great Explorers and Explorations.“ Dodd.
Kentucky, The Story of. By Emma M. Connelly. Lothrop.
$1.25.
$1.50).
Heroes and Martyrs of Invention. By George M. Towle.
Tennessee. The Antiquities of. A series of historical and
Lee & Shepard. $1.00.
ethnological studies. By Gates P. Thruston. Illus. Robt.
Peter the Great, Emperor of Russia. A Study of Historical
Clarke & Co. $1.00.
Biography. By Eugene Schuyler. With Portrait and
America, Discovery and Spanish Occupation of. By John
200 Hlustrations. New and Cheaper Edition. 2 vols.
Fiske. Houghton.
Scribner. S6.00.
Managsas, The Battle of: A Reply to General Joseph E. Jolir-
Napoleon Bonaparte, Memoirs of. By L. A. Fauvelet de
Bourrienne. New Limited Edition. 100 Illustrations.
ston. By General G. T. Beauregard. Putnam.
4 vols. Crowell. $10.00.
History of the Vineteenth Army Corps. By Richard B.
Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the
Irwin. With Portraits and Maps. Putnam.
U. S. Military Academy. By Brevet Major-General
Nation-Making: A Story of New Zealand. By J. C. Firth. George W. Cullom. Third Edition, brought down to
Longmans. $2.00.
1890. 3 vols. Houghton.
Anglo-Saxon Freedom, A Short History of. By Prof. James
K. Hosmer. Scribner.
LITERARY MISCELLANY.
England, History of from the Great War in 1815 to 1858. By
Spencer Walpole. Cabinet Edition. 6 vols. Longmans.
My Study Fire: A Volume of Essays. By Hamilton W.
$12.00.
Mabie. Dodd. $1.25.
England, Longman's Student's History of. By Samuel Raw Education and the Higher Life. Essays by Rt. Rev. J. L.
son Gardiner, LL.D. Illus. Longmans.
Spalding. McClurg. $1.00.
Battles of the British Army. By C. R. Low. Routledge. $2. Mrs. Jameson's Works. New Edition, with Etched Illustra-
tions. 6 vols. Longmans. $24.00.
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
Lowell's Works. A new and complete edition. Literary
Essays, 4 vols.; Political Essays, 1 vol.; Literary and Po-
Lincoln, Abraham: A History. By John G. Nicolay and litical Addresses, 1 vol.; Poems, 4 vols. 3 Portraits.
John Hay. 10 vols. Sold by Subscription. Century Houghton. Per vol., $1.50.
Co. $30.00.
Best Letters Series. Comprising: Letters of Lord Chester-
Mann, Horace, Life and Works of. By Mrs. Mann. 5 vols.
field, edited by Edward Gilpin Johnson ; Letters of Lady
Lee & Shepard. $12.50.
Wortley Montagu, edited by Octave Thanet ; Letters of
Jefferson, Joseph, Autobiography of. Illus. Century Co. $4. Horace Walpole, edited by Anna B. McMahan; Letters
Our Early Presidents. Their Wives and Children: From of Madame de Sévigné, edited by Melville B. Anderson.
Washington to Jackson. By Mrs. Harriet Taylor Upton.
McClurg. Each, 1 vol., $1.00.
Lothrop. $4.00.
Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay (Frances Burney).
Darwin, Charles, Life and Works of. By Charles F. Holder.
Edited, with Notes, by W. C. Ward, and with an Essay
Illus. “Leaders of Science," Vol. I. Putnam, $2.50.
by Macaulay. With Portraits. 3 vols. Putnam. $2.75.
Ericsson, John, Life of. By William C. Church. Illus.
Rejected Addresses by Horace and James Smith. With In-
Scribner,
troduction and Notes by Percy Fitzgerald, M.A., F.S.A.
Alfred the Great. By Thomas Hughes. Houghton.
Lippincott. $2.00.
Columbus, Christopher. By Justin Winsor, Houghton.
Bacon's Essays. Edited, with an Introduction, by Melville
B. Anderson. McClurg. $1.00.
Ibsen, Henrik: A Critical Biography. By Henrik Jaeger.
Translated from the Norwegian, by William Morton
Studies in Letters and Life. By George E. Woodberry.
Payne. Illus. McClurg.
Houghton.
Heroes of the Nations. New volumes : Gustavus Adolphus,
Over the Teacups. By Oliver Wendell Holmes. Houghton.
and the Struggle of Protestantism for Existence, by C.
Greek Literature. By Thomas Sergeant Perry. Holt.
R. L. Fletcher, M.A.; Pericles, and the Golden Age of Our Dictionaries, and other English Language Topics. By
Athens, by Evelyn Abbott, M.A. Putnam. Per vol., R. O. Williams. Holt.
$1,50.
In and Out of Book and Journal. Selected and arranged by
Famous Women of the French Court. Translated from the
A. Sydney Roberts. Illus. Lippincott. $1.25.
French of Imbert de Saint-Amand, by Thomas Sargeant
Russian Folk Tales. By Jeremiah Curtin. Little, Brown,
Perry. New volumes: Citizeness Bonaparte; Marie
& Co. $2.00.
Louise, and the Decadence of the Empire; The Court of
the Empress Josephine. Scribner. Each, 1 vol., $1.25.
Representative Irish Stories. Compiled, with introduction
Makers of America: A Series of Brief Biographies. First
and notes, by W. B. Yeats. 2 vols. “Knickerbocker
Nuggets.” Putnam. $2.00.
volumes to be : Alexander Hamilton, by Prof. William
G. Sumner (2 vols.); George and Cecilius Calvert, by Wil-
Society as I Have Found It. By Ward McAllister. Cassell.
liam Hand Browne; Peter Stuyvesant, by Bayard Tuck-
$2.00.
erman ; Robert Morris, by Prof. William G. Sumner ; Masterpieces of Foreign Authors. Comprising: The Morals
James Edward Oglethorpe, by Henry Bruce. Dodd. Per and Manners of the Seventeenth Century, Being the Char-
vol., 75 cents.
aeters of La Bruyère; Doctor Antonio, by Ruffini; The
Savonarola : His Life and Times. By William Clark, M.A. Essays of Sainte-Beuve ; Goethe's Wilhelm Meister, by
McClurg.
Thomas Carlyle; The Confessions of Jean Jacques Rous-
Rubinstein, Ansten, Autobiography of. Translated by Aline
seau. McClurg. Each, 1 vol., $1.00.
Delano. Etched Portrait. Little, Brown & Co. $1.25. The Giunta Series: A New Series of Classic Literature. First
Désirée, Queen of Sweden and Norway. From the French of
volumes to be: Four Frenchwomen, by Austin Dobson,
Baron llochschild, by Mrs. M. Carey. Dodd. $1.25.
with etched portrait of Madamoiselle de Corday; Christie
Johnson, by Charles Reade, with photogravure frontis-
Coignet, Captain, Soldier of the Empire, 1776-1850. An Au-
piece ; The Journal of Maurice de Guerin, translated from
tobiographical Account of one of Napoleon's Body-Guard. the French by Jessie Frothingham; Peg Woffington, by
Hlus. Crowell. $2.50.
Charles Reade, with etched portrait by Thomas Johnson.
Dix, Dorothea L., Life of. By Francis Tiffany. Houghton. I Dodd. Per vol., $1.25.


1890.]
123
THE DIAL
Literary Gems, Second Series: The Nibelungen Lied, by
Thomas Carlyle; The King of the Golden River, by John
Ruskin; The Science of History, by James Anthony
Froude ; Sonnets from the Portuguese, by Elizabeth Bar-
rett Browning ; Nothing to Wear, by William Allen But-
ler. Each in one vol., with photogravure frontispiece.
Putnam. Per vol., 75 cents.
Irving's Popular Works. Comprising Alhambra, Bracebridge
Hall, Knickerbocker, Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon,
Wolfert's Roost, and other Papers. Each in one volume,
with frontispiece. Sleepy-Hollow Edition. Putnam. Per
vol., 75 cents.
Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia. By Samuel Johnson. "Knick-
erbocker Nuggets." Putnam. $1.50.
Astoria. By Washington Irving. Tacoma Edition. Putnam.
60 cents.
The Beauties of Shakespeare. By Rev. William Dodd.
Estes. $2.50.
Gray and His Friends : Letters and Relics in great part hith-
erto unpublished. Edited by D. 0. Tovey. Macmillan,
Lamb, Charles, In the Footprints of. With Bibliography.
By Benjamin Ellis Martin. Illus. by Herbert Railton
and John Fullylove. Scribner.
Sidney's Defense of Poesy. Edited by Prof. Albert S. Cook.
Ginn.
Shelley's Defense of Poetry. Edited by Prof. Albert S. Cook.
Ginn.
English Prose : Its Elements, History, and Usage. By John
Earle. Putnam. $3.50.
The Makers of Modern English. A Popular Handbook of
the Greater Poets of the Century. By W. J. Dawson.
Whittaker. $1.75.
The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare. By J. J.
Jusserand. Translated from the French by Elizabeth
Lee. New edition, revised and enlarged. Illus. Put-
nam. $6.10.
Epictetus : The Discourses, Enchiridion, etc. Edited by
Thomas Wentworth Higginson. Neu and revised edi-
tion. 2 vols. Little, Brown, & Co. $2.50,
** The Steps of the Sun.” Daily Readings of Prose. Selected
by Agnes Mason. Longmans. $1.25.
Gleanings for the Curious from the Harvest Fields of Litera-
ture: A Mélange of Excerpta. Collated by A. C. Bom-
baugh, A.M. New edition. Lippincott. $3.50.
The Ward of the Golden Gate. By Bret Harte. Houghton.
The Jew. By Joseph Ignatius Krasczewski. Translated from
the Polish by Linda de Kowalewska. Dodd. $1.50.
Wanneta the Sioux: A Story of Indian Life. By Warren K.
Moorehead. Hlus. Dodd. $2.00.
The Slaves of Sabinus : Jew and Gentile. By Charlotte M.
Yonge. Hlus. Whittaker. $1.50.
The Robber Count. By Julius Wolff. Translated by W.
Henry Winslow. Crowell. $1.50.
"Fifty Years, Two Months, and Three Days." By Julius
Wolff. Crowell. $1.50.
Kings in Exile. By Alphonse Daudet. Illus. Routledge.
$1.30.
A Matter of Millions. By Anna Katharine Green. Illus.
Bonner. $1.50.
The Delight Makers: A Novel of Pueblo ındian Life. By
Adolf F. Bandelier. Dodd. $1.50.
The Household of McNeil: A Story of the Scotch Highlands.
By Amelia E. Barr. Dodd. $1.25.
Ardis Claverden. By Frank R. Stockton. Dodd. $1.50.
Caesar Cascubel. By Jules Verne. Translated by A. Estoclet.
Illus. Cassell. $2.50.
Ascutney Street. By Mrs. A. D. T. Whitney. Houghton.
Lorna Doone: A Romance of Exmoor. By R. D. Blackmore.
Authorized "Eumoor Edition," with new preface by au-
thor. 3 vols. Putnam. $3.75.
The Gallant Lords of Bois Dorée. By George Sand. Trans-
lated from the French by Steven Clovis. 2 vols. Dodd.
$3.00.
The House of the Wolfings. By William Morris. New Li-
brary Edition. Roberts. $2.00.
Gospel Stories. By Count L. N. Tolstoï. Translated by N. H.
Dole. Crowell. $1.25.
Sidney. By Margaret Deland. Houghton.
Come Forth. By Elizabeth Stuart Phelps and Herbert D.
Ward. Houghton.
Walford. By Ellen Olney Kirk. Houghton.
Timothy's Quest. By Kate Douglas Wiggin. Houghton.
“Thou, My Austria !” From the German of Ossip Schu-
bin. Translated by Mrs. A. L. Wister. Lippincott. $1.25.
Paoli, the Last of the Missionaries: A Picture of the Over-
throw of the Christians in Japan in the 17th Century.
By W. C. Kitchin. Illus. Bonner. $1.00.
FICTION
Dumas' Marie Antoinette Romances. Comprising : The Me-
moirs of a Physician, 3 vols.; The Queen's Necklace, 2
vols.; Ange Pitou, 2 vols.; La Comptesse de Charny, 4
vols.; Chevalier de Maison-Rouge, 1 vol. Illus. Little,
Brown, & Co. Per vol., $1.50.
The Soul of Pierre. By Georges Ohnet. Translated by Mary
J. Serrano. 60 illustrations by Bayard. Cassell. $2.co.
Weird Tales. By E. T. W. Hoffman. A new translation
from the German, with Biographical Memoir. Neu edi-
tion, with 11 etchings. 2 vols. Scribner. $3.00.
Modern Ghosts : Selected and Translated from Various For-
eign Authors. An introduction by George William Cur-
tis. “Odd Number Series.” Harper.
A Little Book of Profitable Tales. By Eugene Field. Serib-
ner. $1.23.
Laurel-Crowned Tales. New volumes : The Vicar of Wake-
field, by Oliver Goldsmith ; The Epicurean, by Thomas
Moore. MeClurg. Each, 1 vol., $1.00.
Martha Corey: A Tale of the Salem Witchcraft. By Con-
stance G. Du Bois. McClurg.
The Bridge of the Gods: A Romance of Indian Oregon. By
F. H. Balch. McClurg.
Eric; or, Little by Little: A Tale of Roslyn School. By
Frederick W. Farrar, D.D. McClurg.
In the Valley. By Harold Frederic. Hlus. by Howard
Pyle. Scribner. $1.50.
Old Creole Days. By George W. Cable. With an etching
by Percy Moran. Scribner. $1.25.
In Ole Virginia. By Thomas Nelson Page. With an etching
by W. L. Shepard. Scribner. $1.25.
Another Flock of Girls. By Nora Perry. Illus. by Birch.
Little, Brown, & Co. $1.75.
An Adirondack Cabin. By Margaret Sidney. Lothrop. $1.75.
The Angiomaniacs. Cassell. $1.00.
POETRY
American Sonnets. Edited by T. W. Higginson and Mrs. E.
H. Bigelow. Houghton.
Representative Sonnets by American Authors. Edited by
Charles H. Crandall. Houghton.
La Commedia di Dante. A New Text, carefully revised with
the aid of the most recent editions. Longmans. $2.00.
Odes from the Greek Dramatists. McClurg. $1.75.
Light of Asia. By Sir Edwin Arnold. New Illustrated Edi-
tion. Roberts. $1.50.
Love Poems of Three Centuries. Compiled by Jessie F.
O'Donnell. “Knickerbocker Nuggets." 2 vols. Put-
nam. 82.00. .
French Ballads. Printed in the original text. Edited by
Prof. T. F. Crane. Illus. “Knickerbocker Nuggets."
Putnam. $1.50.
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Prof. H. S. White. Illus. “Knickerbocker Nuggets."
Putnam. $1.50.
Lyra Consolationis. A collection of poems based upon the
Apostles' Creed. Longmans.
Lyrics for a Lute. By Frank Dempster Sherman. Houghton.
A Little Book of Western Verse. By Eugene Field. Scrib-
ner. $1.25.
The Savoy Ballads. By W. S. Gilbert. Routledge.
MUSIC AND ART.
Music and Musicians, Cyclopædia of. Edited by John D.
Champlin, Jr., and William F. Apthorp. Profusely
illus. "Third and final volume. Scribner. ' $25.00.
Architecture, Modern, History of. By James Fergusson,
D.C.L., F.R.S. Thoroughly revised and brought down
to the present time by Prof. Robert Kerr. Many new
illustrations. Dodd.


124
[Sept.,
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Royal Academy Outlines. 60 illustrations by Harry Furness.
Cassell. $1.00.
One Summer's Lessons in Practical Perspective. By Chris-
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mans. Per vol., $15.00.
History of Chemistry. By Prof. Ernest von Meyers. Trans-
lated by Dr. George McGowan. Macmillan.
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Principles of Psychology. By William James. 2 vols. Holt.
Outlines of Physiological Psychology. By Prof. George T.
Ladd, D.D. Scribner.
Compayre's Elements of Psychology. Translated by W. H.
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Future of Science. By Ernest Renan. Roberts.
On the Hills : Geological Talks by Prof. Frederick Starr.
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The Fossil Insects of North America. By Dr. Samuel H.
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Discoveries and Inventions of the 19th Century. By Robert
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The Earth and Man. By Prof. Arnold Guyot. Translated
from the French by Pres. C. C. Felton. With maps and
charts. New edition, from new plates. Scribner. $1.75.
American Episcopal Church, History of. By Rev. S. D. Me-
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Schlermacher's Sermons, Selections from. Funk. $2.00.
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History of American Politics. By Alexander Johnston, LL.D.
Revised and enlarged by Wm. M. Sloane, Ph.D.' Holt.
Civil Government. By John Fiske. Houghton.
History of Veto Power in the United States. By Edward C.
Mason, A.B. - Harvard Historical Menographs." Ginn.
Introduction to the Study of Federal Governments. By
Albert B. Hart, Ph.D. "Harvard Historical Mono-
graphs.” Gimn.
“Questions of the Day' Series. New volumes: Want and
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Conflict of Capital and Labor. By George Howell, M.P.
Macmillan.
How the Other Half Lives : Studies among the New York
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Economics of Prohibition. By Rev. C. Fernald. Funk. $1.50.
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Essays in Philosophy: Old and New. By William Knight.
Houghton.
TRAVEL AND ADVENTURE.
California and Alaska, and Over the Canadian Pacific Rail.
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etchings and 88 full-page photogravures. Limited edi-
tion. Putnam. $25.00.
Pacific Coast Scenic Tour: California to Alaska, Canadian
Pacific Railway, Yellowstone Park, and Grand Cañon.
By Henry T. Finck. Illus. Scribner.
The Pine Tree Coast. By Samuel Adams Drake. 250 illus-
trations. Estes. $3.00..
Unknown Switzerland. By Victor Ticot. Tlus. Large-
paper edition. Randolph. $1.00.
Five Years with the Congo Cannibals. By Herbert Ward.
Hlus. by the author. Bonner. $3,00.
Great African Travellers : From Mungo Park to Stanley, By
C. R. Low. Illus. Routledge. 82.50.
Great Cities of the World. Edited by Elbridge S. Brooks.
Lothrop. $2.50.
Dr. Fridtjof Nansen's Greenland Expedition. Illus. 2 vols.
Longmans.
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European Days and Ways. By Alfred E. Lee. Illus. Lip-
pincott. $2.00.
Glimpses of Europe. Edited by W. C. Proctor. Illus. Whit-
taker. $1.50).
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Shepard. $1.00.
In Scripture Lands: New Views of Sacred Scenes. By Ed-
ward L. Wilson. Illus. Scribner.
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Illus. Welch, Fracker Co. $1.50.
Journal of Researches into the Natural History and Geology
of the countries visited during the Voyage of H. M. S.
Beagle round the World. By Charles Darwin, F.R.S.
Illus. Nelson. $2.00,
Young Folk's Golden Treasury of Travel and Adventure.
Lothrop. $2.25.
| Pellew's Adventures and Sufferings during his Captivity in
Morocco. Edited, with prefatory notes, by Dr. Robert
Brown. Mus. Macmillan. $1.50.
| A Treasure Hunt. Being the narrative of an expedition in
the Yacht “Alerte" to the desert island of Trinidad. By
E. F. Knight. Longmans.
RELIGION AND THEOLOGY.
The Christ, the Son of God. A Life of our Lord and Saviour,
Jesus Christ. Translated from the French of the Abbé
Constant Fonard by George F. X. Griffith. With intro-
duction by Cardinal Manning. 2 vols. Longmans.
Jesus the Messiah. By Alfred Edusheim. Illus. Large-
paper edition. Randolph. $7.50.
The Miracles of Our Saviour. By Rev. William M. Taylor,
D.D., LL.D. Armstrong. $1.75.
International Theological Library. A series designed to cover
the whole field of Christian Theology. Edited by Prof.
Charles A. Briggs and Prof. S. D. F. Salmon, D.D. Vol.
I., Literature of the Old Testament, by the Rev. Prof.
S. R. Driver, D.D. Scribner.
Institutes of the Christian Religion. By Prof. Emil V. Ger-
hart, D.D., LL.D. Armstrong. $2.50.
Men of the Bible Series. New volumes : The Minor Proph-
v Canon Farrar: Isaac and Jacob. by Canon Raw
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Lessons from the Lives of Three Great Fathers : St. Athana-
sius, St. Chrysostom, and St. Augustine. With append-
ices. Longmans.


1890.]
125
THE DIAL
Holland and Its People. By Edmondo de Amicis. Translated American Painters in Water-Colors. By Ripley Hitchcock.
from the Italian by Caroline Tilton, New revised edition. Stokes. $12.50.
84 illustrations. Putnam, $2.25.
The Golden Flower Chrysanthemum. Verses by Edith M.
Thomas. Collected, arranged, and embellished by F.
NATURAL HISTORY.
Schuyler Matthews. Illus. in water-colors. Prang. $10.
The Silva of North America. A description of the trees
A Marriage for Love. By Ludovic Halévy. 24 photogra-
which grow naturally in North America, exclusive of
vures by Wilson de Meza. Edition-de-luxe. Dodd. $10.
Mexico. By Charles Sprague Sargent. With figures and
Saul. By Robert Browning. Illus. in photogravure from
analyses drawn from nature by Charles Edward Faxon, drawings by Frank 0. Small. Prang. $10.00.
Vol. I. (To be completed in 12 vols.) Houghton. $25. The Sun-Dial: A Poem. By Austin Dobson. Illus. with
Popular Natural History. By J. S. Kingsley. Estes. $9.00. photogravure reproductions of designs by George Whar-
Curious Creatures in Zoology. By John Ashton. Illus. Cas-
ton Edwards. Dodd. $7.50.
sell. $3.50.
The Chouans. By H. de Balzac. 100 illustrations. Cassell.
$7.50.
Mothy and Butterflies. By Julia E. Ballard, Illus. Put-
Child-Life: A Souvenir of Lizabeth B. Humphrey. A col-
nam. $1.50.
lection of her most beautiful designs in color, with bio-
Bees: Their History, Habits, Instincts. Illus. Pott. $1.25.
graphical sketch by Mary J. Jacques. Prang. $7.50.
Wonders from Sea and Shore. By Fannie A. Deane. Loth-
Selections from Wordsworth's Sonnets. Illus. by Alfred
rop. $1.25.
Parsons. Harper.
Strolls by Starlight and Sunshine. By W. Hamilton Gibson.
Glimpses of Old English Homes. By E. Balch. Profusely
Illus. Harper.
Blus. Macmillan.
REFERENCE.
Relies of the Royal House of Stuart. Letterpress by John
A Literary Manual of Foreign Quotations. By John Devoe
Skelton. Drawings in color by W. Gibb. Macmillan.
Belton. Putnam.
The Vicar of Wakefield. By Oliver Goldsmith. Illus. by
The Portable Commentary. By Jamieson, Faussett, and
Hugh Thomson. Macmillan.
Brown. 2 vols. Crowell. $4.00.
The Song of Hiawatha. By H. W. Longfellow. 22 photo-
Dictionary of German and English Languages. By W. James
gravures and 400 text illustrations by Frederic Reming-
and C. Stoffel. Stokes. $2.50.
ton. Houghton. $6.00.
The Poet's Year: Poetry of the Seasons. Edited by Oscar
Encyclopædia of Missions. Funk. $5.00.
Fay Adams. 120 illustrations. Lothrop. $6.00.
Encyclopædia of Temperance. Funk. $3,50.
Romola, By George Eliot. Illus. with photo-etchings. 2
The Best Books. A Reader's Guide to the best available vols. Estes. $6.00.
books in all departments of literature down to 1888. Romola. By George Eliot. 60 photogravures. 2 vols. Por-
Compiled by William Swan Sonnenschein. Second edi ter & Coates. $6.00.
tion. Rewritten and much enlarged. Putnam. $6.00.
Night Song. By Charles Reinich. Illus. by Henry Sandham.
Dictionary of Statistics. By M. G. Mulhall. New edition, Estes. $7.50.
Revised and brought down to date. Routledge.
Selected Pictures by American Artists. Lippincott. $7.50.
Choice Pictures by American Artists. Lippincott. $7.50.
MEDICINE AND HYGIENE.
Recent European Art. Estes. $7.50,
Text-Book of Materia Medica for the Use of Nurses. Com-
Gems of American Art. Lippincott. $7.50.
piled by Lavinia L. Dock. Putnam.
Manual of the Domestic Hygiene of the Child. By Julius
Golden Treasury of Art and Song. 18 monotint pages. Dut-
ton. $7.50.
Uffelmann, M.D. Translated by Harriet Ransom Milin-
The Haunted Pool. (La Mare au Diable.) From the French
owski. Edited by Mary Putnam-Jacobi, M.D. Putnam.
of George Sand, by Frank Hunter Potter. With 14 etch-
Notes on Military Hygiene. By Surgeon A. A. Woodhull,
ings by Rudaux. Dodd. $5.00.
U.S.A. Wiley. $2.50.
Jane Eyre. By Charlotte Brontë. 48 illustrations. 2 vols.
Dust and Its Dangers. By T. M. Prudden, M.D). Illus.
Crowell. $5.00.
Putnam, 75 cents.
Our Great Actors. By Charles S. Abbé. Portraits in water-
colors. Estes. $5.00.
NAVIGATION—MECHANICS.
Our New England. By Hamilton W. Mabie. Roberts. $5.
Practical Navigation. By Captain Lecky. Wiley. $6. Flirt. By Paul Hervieu. Translated by Hugh Craig. 37
Practical Seamanship. By John Todd and W. B. Whall. photogravures after water-colors by Madeleine Lemaire,
Wiley. $7.50.
and 18 full-page illustrations. Worthington. $5.00.
Weisbach's Mechanics of Engineering. Vol. III., Part I., | Wits and Beaux of Society. By Grace and Philip Wharton.
Section 2. Wiley. $5.00.
20 photogravures. 2 vols. Porter & Coates. $5.00.
Constructive Steam Engineering. By Jay M. Whitham. Wiley.
The Same. With preface by Justin H. McCarthy. Illus, by
The Elements of Machine Design. By W. Cawthorne Un Browne and Godwin. 2 vols. Worthington. $5.00.
win, C.E. Part II. Eleventh edition. “Text-Books of Queens of Society. By Grace and Philip Wharton. 18 pho-
Science.” Longmans. $2.00).
togravures. 2 vols. Porter & Coates. $5.00.
The Same. With preface by Justin H. McCarthy. Illus. by
GAMES AND SPORTS.
C. A. Doyle. 2 vols. Worthington. $5.00.
The Devil's Picture Books: A History of Playing Cards. Time's Footsteps : A Family Record Book. Illus. in mono-
By M. K. Van Rensselaer. 16 full page plates in color. tint and pen-and ink. Dutton. $5.00.
Dodd. $5.00.
Our Old Home. By Nathaniel Hawthorne. With photogra-
Book of Card and Table Games. By Prof. Hoffman. vures and engravings. 2 vols. Houghton. $4.00.
Routledge. $5.00.
Golden Links: A Birthday Text Book. 12 pages in color,
Young People's Cyclopædia of Games and Sports. By John
and other illustrations. Dutton. $4.00.
D. Champlin, Jr., and Arthur E. Bostwick. Holt.
Summerland. By Margaret McDonald Pullman. 63 illustra-
Manuals of Sports: Athletics, Boxing, Cricket, etc. Stokes.
tions by Andrew. Lee & Shepard. $3.75.
Per vol., 50c. and $1.00.
Goupil Gallery of Great War Paintings. Estes. $3.75.
In the Riding School. By Theodore Stephenson Browne.
Familiar London. Containing 12 views in color of the best-
Lothrop. $1.00.
known sights of London, and other sketches. Dutton.
$3.75.
ILLUSTRATED HOLIDAY Books.
Eve of St. Agnes. By John Keats. An illuminated missal.
Memoir of Horace Walpole. By Austin Dobson. Illus. Estes. $3.00.
with 11 etchings by Moran, and by other plates. Limited XXIV. Bits of Society Verse. Illus. by H. W. McVickar.
edition-de-lure, printed on hand-made paper. Dodd. $15. Stokes. $3.00.
Rivers of Great Britain : Descriptive, Historical, Pictorial. The Artist Gallery: Biographies and Portraits of Five
With numerous engravings. Cassell. $15.00.
Greatest Modern Painters. Lothrop. $3.00.


126
(Sept.,
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Bunyan's Home. With 24 pages in monotint, and other The Story of a Spring Morning, and Other Tales. By Mrs.
illustrations. Dutton. $3.00.
Molesworth. Illus. Longmans. $1.50.
Shakespeare's Home. With ten sketches of the Poet's Zoe. By author of “Miss Toosey's Mission.” Roberts. 60c.
Home, etc., and other illustrations. Dutton. $3.00.
Santa Claus on a Lark. By Washington Gladden. Century
Out of Doors with Tennyson. Edited, with Introduction, by Co. $1.50.
E. S. Brooks. Illus. Lothrop. $2.30.
Baby Sweethearts. By Helen Grey Cone. Illus, by Maud
Thus Think and Smoke Tobacco. Illus. by George Wharton Humphrey. Stokes. $3.00.
Edwards. Stokes. $2.50.
Wee Tots. Poems by Amy Blanchard. 48 designs by Ida
Fra Lippo Lippi : A Romance of Florence in the 15th Century. Waugh. Worthington. $2.00.
By Margaret Vere Farrington, 14 full page photogravure Granny's Story Box. Illus. in color. Dutton. $2.00.
illustrations. Putnam. $2.50.
Another Brownie Book. By Palmer Cox. Century Co. $1.50.
Gold Nails to Hang Memories On: An Original Autograph
Book. By Elizabeth A. Allen. Crowell. $2.50.
Flower Folk. Verses by Anna M. Pratt. Illus. by Laura
C. Hills. Stokes. $1.50.
Dreams of the Sea. Compiled by Lula M. Walker. Estes.
Bonnie Little People. By Helen Gray Cone. Illus. by
$2.50.
Friends from My Garden : Verses by Anna M. Pratt. Illus.
Maud Humphrey. Stokes. $1.75.
by Laura C. Hills. Stokes. $2.50.
Tiny Toddlers. By Helen Gray Cone. Illus. by Maud
An Old Love Letter. Designed and Illuminated by Irene E.
Humphrey. Stokes. $1.75.
Two Little Tots. By Josephine Pollard. Ilus. by J.
Jerome. Lee & Shepard. $1.00.
Pauline Sunter. Stokes. $1.00.
Tom Brown's School Days. By Thomas Hughes. 53 illus-
trations by Andrew. Crowell. $2.00.
- ---------
JUVENILES.
BOOKS OF THE MONTH.
Battlefields and Campfires. By Willis J. Abbot. Illus. by
W. C. Jackson. Dodd. $3.00.
[The following list includes all books received by THE DIAL
The Boy Travellers in Great Britain and Ireland. By T. W.
par w I during the month of August, 1890.]
Knox. Mus. Harper. $3.00.
Zigzag Journeys in the Great Northwest. By Hezekiah But-
HISTORY--SOCIOLOGY.
terworth. Illus. Estes. $1.75.
Stratford-on-Avon. From the Earliest Times to the Death
Knockabout Club in North Africa. By F. A. Ober. Illus. of Shakespeare. By Sidney Lee. With 45 Illustrations
Estes. $1.50.
by Edward Hull. New Edition. 12mo, pp. 304. Mac-
Three Vassar Girls in Switzerland. By Mrs. Champney. millan & Co. $2.00.
Illus. Estes. $1.50.
Nation Making : A Story of New Zealand. Savagism vs.
The Red Fairy Book. Edited by Andrew Lang. Illus. (Uni Civilization. By J. C. Firth, author of “Our Kin across
form with "The Blue Fairy Book.”) Longmans. $2.00.
the Sea." With Frontispiece. 12mo, pp. 402. Long-
Horse Stories, and Stories of Other Animals. By Thomas
mans, Green, & Co. $2.00.
U.S.: An Index to the United States of America. A Hand-
W. Knox. Illus. Cassell. $2.50.
book of Reference combining the “Curious" in U.S.
Little Giant Brab and His Talking Raven Tabib. By Inger-
History. Compiled by Malcolm Townsend. Illustrated
soll Lockwood. Lee and Shepard. $2.00,
and with Maps, etc. 8vo, pp. 482, D. Lothrop Co. $1.50.
The Princess with the Forget-me-not Eyes. Illus. by Walter
Crane. Macmillan.
LITERARY MISCELLANY.
Sweet William. By Marguerite Bouvet. Illus. McClurg. Patriotic Addresses in America and England, from 1850 to
Young Folk's Golden Treasury of History. Lothrop. $2.25. 1885, on Slavery, the Civil War, and the Development of
Round the World with the Blue Jackets. By Lieut. E. H.
Civil Liberty in the United States. By Henry Ward
Rhoads, U.S.N. Lothrop. $1.75.
Beecher. Edited, with a Review of Mr. Beecher's Per-
Famous European Artists. By Mrs. Sarah K. Bolton. With
sonality and Influence in Public Affairs, by John R. How-
portraits. Crowell. $1.50.
ard. With Portraits. 8vo, pp. 857. Fords, Howard &
Nigel Browning. By Agnes Giberne. Longmans. $1.50.
Hulbert. $2.00.
Newspaper Reporting in Olden Time and To-Day. By
Peckover's Mill: A Story of the Great Frost of 1739. By the
John Pendleton, author of "A History of Derbyshire.",
author of "Starwood Hall." Illus. Whittaker. $1.50.
16mo, pp. 245. Uncut. Armstrong's “Book-Lovers' Li-
The House of Surprises. By L. T. Meade. Whittaker. $1.25. brary." $1.25.
The Beresford Prize. By L. T. Meade. Illus. Longmans. $1.50 The Ethical Problem : Three Lectures by Dr. Paul Carus.
The Winds, the Woods, and the Wanderer. By Lily F.
12mo, pp. 90. Paper. Open Court Pub'g Co.
Wesselhæft. Roberts. $1.25.
The Family Coach: Who Filled It, Who Drove It, and Who
POETRY.
Seized the Reins. By M. and C. Lee. Whittaker. $1.25. | Rubaiyát of Omar Khayyam, the Astronomer-Poet of
In My Nursery. By Laura C. Richards. Roberts. $1.25.
Persia. Rendered into English Verse. 8vo, pp. 112.
Uncut. Vellum. Macmillan & Co. $3.00.
Library of Fiction for Young Folks: A new illus. series.
First vols., The Life of an Artist, by Jules Breton ; Les
Poems of Owen Meredith (the Earl of Lytton). Selected,
with an Introduction, by M, Bethan-Edwards. Author-
Anciens Canadiens, by Philip Gaspé. Appleton.
ized Edition. 24mo, pp. 250. Uncut. A. Lovell & Co.
Look Ahead Series. By Rev. Edward A. Rand. Compris-
40 cents.
ing: Making the Best of It; Up North in a Whaler;
Gems from Walt Whitman. Selected by Elizabeth Por-
Too Late for the Tide Mill. 3 vols. Whittaker. $3.75.
ter Gould. Oblong 16mo, pp. 58. Gilt top. David Me-
Half-a-Dozen Boys. By Annie C. Ray. Illus. Crowell. $1.25. Kay. 50 cents.
The Lion City of Africa. By Willis B. Allen. Lothrop. $2.25.
FICTION.
The Kelp Gatherers. By J.T. Trowbridge. Lee & Shepard. The House by the Medlar-Tree. By Giovanni Verga.
$1.00.
The Translation by Mary A. Craig. An Introduction by
Against Heavy Odds: A Tale of Norse Heroism. By H. H. William D. Howells. 16mo, pp. 300. Uncut. Uniform
Boyesen. Illus. by W. L. Taylor. Scribner. $1.00.
with “ María." Harper & Brothers. $1.00.
A Loyal Little Red-Coat. By Ruth Ogden. Illus. by H. A.
Rarahu ; or, The Marriage of Loti. By Pierre Loti, author
Ogden. Stokes. $2.00.
of “From Lands of Exile." Translated from the French,
Aunt Hannah and Martha and John. By Mrs. G. R. Alden
by Clara Bell. Revised and Corrected in the United
(Pansy). Lothrop. $1.50.
States. 16mo, pp. 296. W.S. Gottsberger & Co. $1.00.
Polly: A New-Fashioned Girl. By L. T. Meade. Illus.
Toxar. A Romance. By the author of “Thoth," Svo,
Cassell. $1.50.
pp. 171. Paper. Harper's “ Franklin Square Library."
30 cents.
Dear Daughter Dorothy. By A. G. Plympton. Roberts. $1.
Expatriation. By the author of "Aristocracy." 16mo,
A Lost Jewel. By Harriet Prescott Spofford. Lee & pp. 307. Paper. Appleton's " Town and Country Libra-
Shepard. $1.00.
ry.” 50 cents.


1890.)
127
THE DIAL
Geoffrey Hampstead. By Thomas S. Jarvis. 16mo, pp. The "Annals” of Tacitus, Books I.-VI. Edited, with In-
378. Paper. Appleton's "Town and Country Library." || troduction, Notes, and Indexes, by William Francis Al-
50 cents.
len. With Portraits. 12mo, pp. 144. Ginn's “ College
The Soul of Pierre. By Georges Ohnet, author of "The Series of Latin Authors.” $1.65.
Master of the Forge." Translated from the French, by The Science of Language and Its Place in General Edu-
Mary J. Serrano, translator of “Marie Bashkirtseff's cation : Three Lectures. By F. Max Müller. 16mo,
Journal."' Illustrated by Emile Bayard. 16mo, pp. 291. pp. 112. Open Court Pub'g Co. 75 cents.
Paper. Cassell's “Sunshine Series. 50 cents.
The First Reader. By Anna B. Bodlam, author of “ Aids
Disenchantment: An Every-Day Story. By F. Mabel Rob-
to Number." Illustrated. 12mo, pp. 159. Boards. D.
inson, author of "Mr. Butler's Ward." 12mo, pp. 432. C. Heath & Co. 35 cents.
Paper. Lippincott's “Select Novels.” 50 cents.
Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress. With Notes, and a Sketch
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1890.]
129
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[Sept., 1890.
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U. S.: CURIOUS FACTS IN UNITED STATES GREAT CITIES OF THE WORLD. Edited by
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