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31269
THE DIAL

A Monthly Journal of
CURRENT LITERATURE.
VOLUME VIII.
JAY, 1887, TO APRIL, 1888.
CHICAGO:
1. C. McCllRG & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS.
1888.





INDEX TO VOLUME VIII.
.
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.
.
·
19
.
.
.
·
.
AMERICA, WINSOR'S HISTORY OF . . . . . . . . . . . W. F. Poole . . . . . . . . 237
ANCIENT CITIES OF THE NEW WORLD. . . . . . . . . George C. Noya . . . . . 148
BIOGRAPHIES OF WORDS, THE . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . . 292
BOSWELL, A NEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Melcille B. Anderson . . . . . 177
BROWNING, ROBERT . . . . . .
Meloille B. Anderson . .
CALIFORNIA, THE VIGILANTS IN . .
. . . . . . 101
CANADIAN PEOPLE, HISTORY OF THE . . . . . . . . . Charles G. D. Roberts . . . . . 290
CHINA, WILL THERE BE A New .
Selim H. Peabody ...
93
CONSTITUTIONS, THE GENESIS OF . . . .
. . James 0. Pierce . . . . . . . 180
DARWIN'S LIFE AND LETTERS . . . . . . . . . . David S. Jordan . . . . . . 215
EDICATIONAL Books, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . J. B. Roberts . . . . . . . . 95
ELIZABETHAN AGE, SOCIETY IN THE . . . . . . . . . Meloille B. Anderson . . . . 100
ELIZABETHAN LITERATURE, SAINTSBURY'S . . . . . . . Melcille B. Anderson . . . . . 259
EMERSOX, A MEMOIR OF . . . . . . . . . . . . Eduard Gilpin Johnson . . . .
ENGLAND IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY . . . . . . . . William Eliot Furness . . . . 64
ENGLISH PEOPLE AND LANGUAGE, ORIGINS OF THE . . . . . H. 0. G. von Jagemann . . . . 240
ENGLISH WRITERS, MORLEY'S HISTORY OF . . . . Meloille B. Anderson . ... .. 143
-Fiction, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . William Morton Payne . 66, 145, 266
" FIGHTING VERES," THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph Kirkland . . . . . . . 288
FRANKLIN AS A MAN OF LETTERS . . . . . . . . . . W. H. Ray . . . . . . . . 218
FRANKLIN IN FRANCE . . . . . . . . . .
Fred J. Turner ...
GIRDLE ROUND THE EARTH, A . . . . . . . .
Octave Thanet . . .
GOETHE AND CARLYLE . . . . . .
Sara A. Hubbard . .
HAGGARD's ROMANCES . . . . . . . . . . . .
Samuel M. Clark ...
HENRY, PATRICK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph Kirkland . . . . . . . 119
HERO AS STATESMAN, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . William Henry Smith . . 65
INTERNATIONAL RULES AND CUSTOMS . . . . . . . . . James 0. Pierce . . . . . . . 82
JUBILEE CHRONICLE, A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. J. Halsey . . . . . . . . 116
LAND OF THE QUETZAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . George C. Noyes . . . . . . 263
Law, TALKS ABOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . James 0. Pierce . . . . . . . 39
Lixxxl's, THROUGH THE FIELDS WITH . . . . . . . . Emma W. Shogren . . . . . . 40
LONGFELLOW, FINAL MEMORIALS OF . . . . . . . . . Edward Gilpin Johnson . . . 59
MARLOWE, CHRISTOPHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eduard Gilpin Johnson . . . . 97
MARSTON'S DRAMATIC WORKS . . . . . . . . . . . R. H, Stoddard. . . . . . 79
Mrsic, NEUMANN'S HISTORY OF . . . . . . . . . . . George P. Upton . . . . . . 83
NORTHWEST TERRITORY, THE NEW . . . . . . . . . . George C. Noyes . . . . . . . 91
XULLIFICATION . . . . . . .
J. J. Halsey ........
** OLD BULLION" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Melville W. Fuller . . . . . 11
PAPACY, HISTORY OF THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. F. Allen . . . . . . . .
POETRY, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . William Morton Payne . 15, 183, 247
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC LITERATURE . . . . . . . . Albert Shaw . . . . . . . . 61
READE, CHARLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph Kirkland . . . . . 36
RENAISSANCE, DEATH OF THE . . . . . . . . . . . . Melrille B. Anderson . . . . . 80
SCIENCE OF TuotGHT, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . . 121
SOCIAL REMEDIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Albert Share . . . . . . . . 242
TRACKERAY'S LETTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . Eduard Gilpin Johnson .. 181
TOLSTOL, THE COXYESSION OF . . . . . . . . . . . . Sara A. Hubbard . . . . . . 125
I'LYASEN, ON THE TRACK OF . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . . 220
.
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INDEX.
ULYSSES, The Bow Or . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WASHBURNE, Hox. E. B. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WESTERN LANDS, CESSIONS TO THE U. S. . . . . . . . .
YACHTS AND YACHTING . . . . . . . .
.
. .
. . .
. .
.
Eduard Playfair Anderson ... 261
William Henry Smith . . . . . 141
W. F. Poole . . . . . . . . 285
Horatio L. Wait
II
. .
10
TITLES OF BOOKS REVIEWED.
15
194
990
70
113
68
Andrews's (Jane) Oniy i Year and what li
.
.
147
Arnold's (Edwin) Lotus indi
192
Abbot's (Willis J.) The Blue Jackets of 1861 192 Brodrick's History of the University of Oxford 46
Abbott's (C. C.) Waste-Land Wanderings : 23 Brooks's Historic Girls . . . . . . . 194
Abercromby's Weather .
274 Brooks's Storied Holydays . . . . . . . 192
Adams's (Tİ. B.) The College of William and Brooks's The Story of the American Indian, 193
Mary .
. . . . . .
Browning's Complete Works, New Edition. 25
Adams's (H. B.) The Study of History in Browning's Lyrics, Idylls, and Romances . . 248
American Colleges ..
eges . . . . . 274 Browning's Parleyings with Certain People of
Adams's (H. C.) Public Debts, an Essay in
Importance in Their Day . . . . .
the Science of Finance . . .
Browning's Poetic and Dramatic Works .. 42
Alcott's (Miss) A Garland for Girls . . . . 194 Bruce's Old Homestead Poems . . . . .
Alcott's Miss) Lulu's Library . . . . . . Brunner's and Tryon's Interior Decoration. 190
Allinson's and Penrose's Philadelphia. 1681-
Bryce's Short History of the Canadian Peo-
1887, a History of Municipal Develop-
ple . . . . . . . . . . . .
ment.
Bullen's Works of John Marston . . . . .
American Economic Association's Publica-
Bunner's The Story of a New York House.
Burnley's The Romance of Invention .. .
American Historical Association's Publica
Cabot's Memoir of Emerson ...
Caddy's (Mrs.) Through the Fields with Lin-
næus.
40
Brought . . . . . . . . . . 253 | Calendars for 18
191
Arabian Nights, The ..
Campbell's (Helen) Prisoners of Poverty.. 244
Armstrong's Thekla, a story of Viennese Mu ***
('ampbell's New York and Ohio Centennial.
sical Life . .
Carey's (Mrs.) Fairy Legends of the French
. . . . 248
Provinces ..
Ashley's Edward III. and His Wars ... 153 Carrington's Translations from the Poems of
Atkinson's The Margin of Profits . . . . 243
Victor Hugo . . . . . . . . .
251
Bailey's Possibilities . . . . . . .
Cassell's Pocket Guide to Europe . . . . 22
Bain's On Teaching English .... 96 Cawein's Blooms of the Berry. . .
186
Baldwin's A Story of the Golden Age ... 194 Célière's The Startling Exploits of Dr. J. B.
Ballads of Romance and History . . . 193
Ballou's Due North . .
23 Charnay's The Ancient Cities of the New
Bamford's (Mary E.) The Lookabout Club: 195
World . . . . . . . .
Bancroft's Central America . . . . . .
Church's The ('ount of the Saxon Shore . .
Bancroft's History of Mexico. . . . . . 298
Church's With the King at Oxford ...
Bancroft's Popular Tribunals . . . . . . 101 ('laude's Marv S , Twilight Thoughts, ..
Bascom's Sociology . . . . . . . .
('laxton's Mary Black) Reminiscences of Jere-
Bastin's Elements of Botany.
86
miah S. Black . . . . . . . . .
252
Baylor's (Frances Courtenay) Juan and Ju (lub of One, A . . . . . . . . . 22
anita. . . .
Coffin's IC. C., Drum-Beat of the Nation . . 193
Beard's (Lina and Adelia B.) The American (offin's (R. F.) Yachts and Yachting . . .
Girl's Handybook
College and Church, The . . . . . . .
Benham's Dictionary of Religion
(Collyer's Talks to Young Men .... . 275
Benjamin's Sea-Spray, or, Facts and Fancies Colvin' Life of Keats ,
127
of a Yachtsman . . . . .
('one's Helen Gray) and Gilder's (Miss J. L.)
Big Wages and How to Earn Them..
Pen Portraits of Literary Women . . 273
Birrell's Obiter Dicta . . . . . . . . . 128 ('onway Pine aud Palm
268
Black's Sabina Zembra.
Cooper's Mim, Animal Life in the Sea and on
Blanchard's (Amy E.) Ida Waugh Alphabet
the Land . . . . . . . . .
155
Book . . . . . . . . . .
195 (ooper's Miss Rural Hours . . . . . . 103
.
Boise's The Epistles of Paul
29 ' ('orwri's Min Family Living on $500 a Year . 299
Bolton's (Sarah K.) Famous American Authors 154 | ('ox's The Brownies ...
193
Bonnet's Olympia Marata . . . . . .
299('raw fupil's Marrio's ('rucifix
299Crawfordi Mario * Cruciny . . . . . . . 267
Bouton's Roundabout to Moscow
.. 70 ('raw funci Piul Patol. . . . . . . . 267
Bowen's The Conflict of East and West in
(rasforul sarcinesta...
66
Egypt . . . . .
. 23. (ritsut Hi-tory of the Papacy during the
Bowne's (Eliza Southgate) A Girl's Lir
1 Period of the Reformation
Years Ago . . . . . . . . .
259 ('umberists The Queen's Highway from
Boyesen's The Modern Vikings ..... 191
Ord to Oran . . . . . . .
Brigham's Guatemala . . . . . . . . 263 | Cunningham - The Corruleans. . . . . . 146
70
147
86
10
96
128
68


INDEX.
::
195
215
IOS
82
66
46
187
151
194
53
154
08
03
48
132
16
244
Darbey's Nineteenth Century Sense, the Para-
Hardy's The Woodlanders . . . . . . . 68
dox of Spiritualism .
Harper's Young People for 1887 . .
Darwin's (Francis) Life and Letters of Charles Harte's A Phyllis of the Sierras and A Drift
Darwin . . . . . . . . . . .
from Redwood Camp . . . . . . 269
D'Aulnoy's (Countess) Frir ti: ....
Fairy Tales . . . . 195 Harte's The Crusade of the Excelsior . . .
Davis's (George B.) Outlines of International Hawthorne's Tanglewood Tales .....
Law . . . . .
Hayes's The Jesuit's Ring..
. . . ,
Davis's (Mrs.) Norway Nights and Russian Hazlitt's Gleanings in old Garden Litera.
Days . . ...
102
ture . . . . . .
. 103
Dawson's (E. C.) Life of James Hannington
Heard's The Russian Church and Russian
Dawson's (J. W.) Geological History of Plants 297
Dissent . . . . . . . . . . .
Deland's (Margaret) The Old Garden and Hearn's Some Chinese Ghosts . . . . .
Other Verses . . . . . . . .
Heart of the Weed, The
Dennis's Life of Robert Southey .. . . 296 Heilprin's Distribution of Animals, . 204
Desbeaux's Mattie's Secret . . . . . . .
195 Heyse's The Romance of the Canoness. .. 146
De Vogüe's The Russian Writers . . . .
Higginson's (Mrs.) A Princess of Java . . . 146
Dodd's (Mrs.) Cathedral Days
Hill's Boswell's Life of Johnson . . . . . 177
Dodge's (D. S.) Memorials of W. E. Dodge. 102 Hitchcock's American State Constitutions ...
Dole's Talks About Law . . .
39 Holder's Living Lights .
54
Doudney's (Sarah) Prudence Winterburn.
Holmes's Our Hundred Days in Europe .
Drake's The Making of the Great West .. Houghton's (Louise S.) Words of Peace and
Dumas's The Count of Monte Cristo
189 , Rest. . . . . . . . . . . .
191
Ebers's Richard Lepsius.
271 Howard's (Blanche Willis) Tony the Maid . . 268
Ebers's The Bride of the Nile. .
Howells's April Hopes . . . . . . . 267
Economics, Quarterly Journal of . .
Howells's Modern Italian Poets ... 183
Edler's Baldine and Other Tales ...
Hubbard's Memorials of a Half-Century .. 86
Elementary Flower Painting ...
Hugo's Les Misérables . . . . . . . .
189
Ellis's Christopher Marlowe . . .
Hugo's Things Seen . .
Finck's Romantic Love and Personal Beauty . 103 Hunt's Representative English Prose and Prose
Finley's (Martha) Elsie's Friends at Wood-
Writers . . . . . . . .
burn . .
. . . . . . . .
193 Hutton's The Misrule of Henry III.
Foster's My Old Kentucky Home . . . . 190 Jackson's (Mrs.) Between Whiles . ..
Foulke's Slav and Saxon . . . . . . . 251 Jacobson's Higher Ground . . .,
François's (Louise) The Last von Reckenburg 270 Jameson's A Treatise on Constitutional Conven
Frith's Autobiography and Reminiscences .. 253
tions. . . . . . . . . .
80
Froebel's Education of Man
252 Jamison's (Mrs. c. v.) The Story of An En.
Froude's The English in the West Indies. 261
thusiast.
Galdos's Leon Roch..
269 Jerome's (Miss) A Bunch of Violete . . . .
Garrison's Bedside Poetry
Jordan's Science Sketches.
54
Gautier's and Merimée's Tales before Supper 147 | Karr's Shores and Alps of Alaska ... 91
Genung's Practical Rhetoric
226 Keats's Odes and Sonnets . . . . . 187
Geraldine . .
189 Kendall's (May) Dreams to Sell
49
Giant Dwarf, The . . . . . . . .
192 Kennard's (Mrs.) Life of Mrs. Siddons.. 44
Gilder's Lyrics . . .
187 Kenyon's In Realms of Gold ..
Gilder's The Celestial Passion .
187 Kirkland's Zury, the Meanest Man in Spring
Gilder's The New Day...
County_.
Gilmore's John Sevier as a Commonwealth
Kirkup's An Enquiry into Socialism . . .
Builder . .
Knox's Decisive Battles Since Waterloo .. 52
Godin's Social Solutions . . . . . . . 243 Knox's How to Travel
Goldsmith's The Deserted Village . . . . 190 Knox's The Boy Travellers on the Congo. . 194
Goulding's The Young Marooners . . . . 195 Kokhanofsky's (Madame) The Rusty Linchpin
Greene's Burnham Breaker . .. . . 192
and Luboff Archipovna . . . . .
69
Greenwood's The Principles of Education Prac-
Korolénko's The Vagrant.
269
tically Applied . ..... . .
Lakeman's (May) Faith's Festivals... 191
Gregory's The Photogravure Calendar . . . 190 | Larned's (Miss) Village Photographs.
Griffis's Matthew Calbraith Perry . .
273 Lathbury's (Miss) Twelve Times One.
195
Gronlund's Ça Ira
225 Lawless's (Emily) The Story of Ireland
Gunton's Wealth and Progress . . . 242 Lecky's A History of England in the Eighteenth
Guyon's (Madame) Poems . .
('entury . . . . . . . . . .
Haggard's Allan Quatermain . . . . 148 Lee's (Yon Phon) When I Was a Boy..
Haggard's Romances
Le Row's (Miss) English as She is Taught ...
Hale's (E. E.) Franklin in France .
Little's (Mrs.) The World as We Saw It .
Hale's (E. E.) In His Name .. .
193 Longfellow's (Samuel) Final Memorials of H.
Hale's E. E.) Life of Washington . . . . 297
W. Longfellow . . . . . . . .
59
Hale's (Miss) Little Flower People . . . . 103 | Lowell's Sir Launfal . . . . . . . . . 188
Hale's (W. G.) The Art of Reading Latin. . 96Lubbock's The Pleasures of Life..
102
Hall's (Hubert) Society in the Elizabethan Age 100 ! Mahaffy's The Art of Conversation.
Hall's (S. C.) Book of British Ballads. . . Mahaffy's The Story of Alexander's Empire. 45
Halliwell. Phillipps's First Edition of Shakes. Markham's The Fighting Veres . . . . .
288
peare . . . . . . . . . . . 274 Marryatt's Poor Jack . . . . . . . 195
Hamerton's The Ravne . . . . . . . . 189 i Marston's Garden Secrets . . . . . . 185
:
.
.
.
.
268
100
•
.
.
Jord
19
270
71
12
95
71
19
:,:
272
219

















в
938,030

АААА


387

02
TES
LIBRARY OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF MIGHT
.


21266
AP
2
1154





31269
THE DIAL
A Monthly Journal of
CURRENT LITERATURE.
VOLUME VIII.
MAY, 1887, TO APRIL, 1888.
CHICAGO:
A. C. McClurg & Company, PUBLISHERS.
1888.





INDEX TO VOLUME VIII.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
· ·
.
..
.
.
· ·
. .
· ·
.
·.
.
.
· · ·
.
.
.
· · ·
.
· · · ·
.
· ·
.
180
215
.
·
.
· ·
.
.
· · ·
.
.
.
·
.
· ·
· ·
.
·
.
.
AMERICA, WINSOR'S HISTORY OF . . . . . . . . . . . W. F. Poole . . . . . . . .
ANCIENT CITIES OF THE NEW WORLD. . . . . . . . . George C. Noyes . . . . . .
BIOGRAPHIES OF WORDS, THE . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . .
Bos WELL, A NEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Melville B. Anderson . . . . .
BROWNING, ROBERT . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
Melville B. Anderson . . . . .
CALIFORNIA, THE VIGILANTS IN . . . . . . .
CANADIAN PEOPLE, HISTORY OF THE .. ..
Charles G. D. Roberts . . . . .
CHINA, WILL THERE BE A NEW ? , . . . . . . . .
.
.
. Selim H. Peabody . . . . . ..
CONSTITUTIONS, THE GENESIS OF . . . . . . .
James 0. Pierce . . . .
DARWIN'S LIFE AND LETTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . David 8. Jordan . . . . . .
EvrCATIONAL Books, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . J. B. Roberts . . . . . . . . 95
ELIZABETHAN AGE, SOCIETY IN THE . . . . . . . . . Melcille B. Anderson . . . . . 100
ELIZABETHAN LITERATURE, SAINTSBURY'S . . . . . . . Melville B. Anderson . . . . . 259
EXERSON, A MEMOIR OF . . . . . . . . . . . Eduard Gilpin Johnson . .. .
ENGLAND IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY . . . . . . . . William Eliot Furness . .
64
ENGLISH PEOPLE AND LANGUAGE, ORIGINS OF THE . . . . . H, O. G. von Jagemann . . . . 240
ENGLISH WRITERS, MORLEY'S HISTORY OF . . . . . . . Meloille B. Anderson . . . 143
-FICTION, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
William Morton Payne . 66, 145, 266
" FIGHTING VERES," THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph Kirkland . . . . . . . 288
FRANKLIN AS A MAN OF LETTERS . . . . . . . . . W. H. Ray . . . . . . . . 218
FRANKLIN IN FRANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fred J. Turner . . . . . . . 7
GIRDLE ROUND THE EARTH, A . . .
Octave Thanet .. . .
GOETHE AND CARLYLE, . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sara A. Hubbard . . . . . 19
HAGGARD's ROMANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Samuel M. Olark . . .
5
HENRY, PATRICK . . . . . . . . .
Joseph Kirkland ....
HERO AS STATESMAN, THE . . . . . .
William Henry Smith ..
INTERNATIONAL RULES AND CUSTOMS . . . . . . . . . James 0. Pierce . . . . . . 82
JUBILEE CHRONICLE, A. . . . . . . . . . . . J. J. Halsey . . . . . . . . 116
LAND OF THE QUETZAL . . . . . . . . . . . . George C. Noyes . . . . . . 263
LAW, TALKS ABOUT . . .
James 0. Pierce . . . .
Lixxxl's, THROUGH THE FIELDS WITH . . . . . . . . Emma W. Shogren . . . . . . 40
LONGFELLOW, FINAL MEMORIALS OP . . . . . . . . . Edward Gilpin Johnson . . . . 59
MARLOWE, CHRISTOPHER . . . . . .
Edward Gilpin Johnson .
MARSTON'S DRAMATIC WORKS .. .
R. H. Stoddard . ...
Mrsic, NECMAXX'S HISTORY OF . . . . . . . . . . . George P. Upton . . . . . . 83
NORTHWEST TERRITORY, THE NEW. . . . . . . . . . George C. Noyes . . . . . . . 91
NULLIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. J. Halsey . . . . . . . . 245
** OLD BULLION” . . . . . . . .
Melcille W. Fuller . . . . . .
PAPACY, HISTORY OF THE . . . . . . . . . . . . W. F. Allen . . . . . . . . 35
- POETRY, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . William Morton Payne . 15, 183, 247
POLITICAL AND Economic LITERATURE
Albert Shaw . . . . . . ..
READE, CHARLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph Kirkland . . . . . . 36
RENAISSANCE, DEATH OF THE . . . . . . . . . . . . Melville B. Anderson . . .
80
SCIENCE OF THOIGHT, THE . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . . 121
SOCIAL REMEDIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Albert Shau . . . . . . . . 242
THACKERAY'S LETTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eduard Gilpin Johnson . . . . 181
TOLSTOI, THE CONFESSION OF . . . . . . . . . . . Sara A. Hubbard . . . . . . 125
I'LYSES, ON THE TRACK OF . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . 220
.
.
.
.
.
.
MA


iv
INDEX.
ULYSSES, THE BOW OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WASHBURNE, Hon. E. B. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WESTERN LANDS, CESSIONS TO THE U. S. . . . . . . . .
YACHTS AND YACHTING . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Edward Playfair Anderson . . . 261
William Henry Smith . . . . . 141
W. F. Poole . . . . . . . . 285
Horatio L. Wait . . . . . . 10
TITLES OF BOOKS REVIEWED.
192
Adams's (H. B.) The Study of History in
15
61
194
190
194
190
68
24
63
253
147
248
152
192
24
Abbot's (Willis J.) The Blue Jackets of 1861 192 ) Brodrick's History of the University of Oxford 46
Abbott's (C. C.) Waste-Land Wanderings : 23 Brooks's Historic Girls . . . . . . . .
194
Abercromby's Weather
.: 274 Brooks's Storied Holydays . . .
Adams's (H. B.) The College of William and
Brooks's The Story of the American Indian. 193
Mary . . .
Browning's Complete Works, New Edition. 25
Browning's Lyrics, Idylls, and Romances . . 248
American Colleges ...
274 Browning's Parleyings with Certain People of
Adams's (H. C.) Public Debts, an Essay in
Importance in Their Day . . . . .
the Science of Finance . .
Browning's Poetic and Dramatic Works ... 42
Alcott's (Miss) A Garland for Girls . . . . Bruce's õld Homestead Poems . . . . .
Alcott's (Miss) Lulu's Library. . . . . .
Brunner's and Tryon's Interior Decoration ...
Allinson's and Penrose's Philadelphia, 1681-
Bryce's Short History of the Canadian Peo-
1887, a History of Municipal Develop-
ple . . . . . . . . . . . .
290
Bullen's Works of John Marston . . . . .
American Economic Association's Publica-
Bunner's The Story of a New York House .
tions . . .
Burnley's The Romance of Invention . . .
American Historical Association's Publica-
Cabot's Memoir of Emerson .
tions . . . : .
Caddy's (Mrs.) Through the Fields with Lin-
Andrews's (Jane) Only a Year and What It
næus. . . . . . . . . . . .
40
Brought :
·
Calendars for 1888 . . . . . . . . . 191
Arabian Nights, The ...
Campbell's (Helen) Prisoners of Poverty.. 244
Armstrong's Thekla, a Story of Viennese i
Campbell's New York and Ohio Centennial . 285
sical Life . . . . . . . . . . Carey's (Mrs.) Fairy Legends of the French
Arnold's (Edwin) Lotus and Jewel . . . .
Provinces . . . . . . . . . .
Ashley's Edward III, and His Wars... Carrington's Translations from the Poems of
Atkinson's The Margin of Profits .. .. 243
Victor Hugo . . . . . . . . . 251
Bailey's Possibilities . . . . . . . . . . Cassell's Pocket Guide to Europe .. .
Bain's On Teaching English . ... 96 Cawein's Blooms of the Berry . .
186
Baldwin's A Story of the Golden Age . . . 194 Celière's The Startling Exploits of Dr. J. B.
Ballads of Romance and History . . . . 193
Quiès . ..
Ballou's Due North . . .
Charnay's The Ancient Cities of the New
Bamford's (Mary E.) The Lookabout Club
World . . i
Bancroft's Central America . . . . . . 70
Church's The Count of the Saxon Shore . . 147
Bancroft's History of Mexico . . . . ., 298 Church's With the King at Oxford . . . . 147
Bancroft's Popular Tribunals . . . . . . 101 Claude's (Mary S.) Twilight Thoughts . . . 86
Bascom's Sociology . . . . . . . . . 22
Claxton's (Mary Black) Reminiscences of Jere-
Bastin's Elements of Botany..
miah S. Black . . . . . . . . .
252
Baylor's (Frances Courtenay) Juan and Ju-
Club of One, A . . . . . . . ...
anita . . .
.
194 Coffin's (C. C.) Drum-Beat of the Nation . .
Beard's (Lina and Adelia B.) The American Coffin's (R. F.) Yachts and Yachting . . . 10
Girl's Handybook .
College and Church, The . . . . . . . 96
Benham's Dictionary of Religion .
Collyer's Talks to Young Men . . . . ..
275
Benjamin's Sea-Spray, or, Facts and Fancies Colvin's Life of Keats .
127
of a Yachtsman . . . . . . . . 128 Cone's (Helen Gray) and Gilder's (Miss J. L.)
Big Wages and How to Earn Them. . . .
Pen Portraits of Literary Women . . 273
Birrell's Obiter Dicta . . . . . . . . . 128 Conway's Pine and Palm .
268
Black's Sabina Zembra ..
Cooper's (Miss) Animal Life in the Sea and on
Blanchard's (Amy E.) Ida Waugh Alphabet
the Land
155
Book . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Cooper's (Miss) Rural Hours . . .
103
Boise's The Epistles of Paul..
298 Corson's (Miss) Family Living on $500 a Year . 299
Bolton's (Sarah K.) Famous American Authors 154 Cox's The Brownies.
::: . . . . . . 193
Bonnet's Olympia Marata. · · · · · ·
Crawford's Marzio's Crucifix
267
Bouton's Roundabout to Moscow . . . , Crawford's Paul Patoff...
Bowen's The Conflict of East and West in Crawford's Saracinesca..
Egypt
Creighton's History of the Papacy during the
Period of the Reformation . . . .
Years Ago . . . . . . . . . . Cumberland's The Queen's Highway from
Boyesen's The Modern Vikings . . . .
Ocean to Ocean . . . . . . . .
Brigham's Guatemala : : . . . . . . 263 | Cunningham's The Ceruleans . . . . . 146
195
22
193
44
244
68
.
.
.
. .
Vear.
298
267
66
Bowne's *Eliza Southgate) A Girl's Life Eighty
252
97


INDEX.
19.3
102
296
16
154
189
62
69
191
. .
. . .
152
190
Darbey's Nineteenth Century Sense, the Para Hardy's The Woodlanders . . . . . . . 68
dox of Spiritualism . .
Harper's Young People for 1887 . .
195
Darwin's (Francis) Life and Letters of Charles Harte's A Phyllis of the Sierras and A Drift
Darwin . . . . . . . . . .
215
from Redwood Camp ..
269
D'Aulnoy's (Countess) Fairy Tales .... Harte's The Crusade of the Excelsior.
Davis's (George B.) Outlines of International Hawthorne's Tanglewood Tales . . . . .
Law . . . . .
.
. .
Hayes's The Jesuit's Ring..
Davis's (Mrs.) Norway Nights and Russian Hazlitt's Gleanings in Old Garden Litera-
Days.
ture.
. 103
Dawson's (E. C.) Life of James Hannington
Heard's The Russian Church and Russian
Dawson's (J. W.) Geological History of Plants 297
Dissent . . . . . . . . . . .
Deland's (Margaret) The Old Garden and
Hearn's Some Chinese Ghosts . . . . . .
Other Verses . . . . . . . . .
187
Heart of the Weed, The
i : . . . . 17
Dennis's Life of Robert Southey . . . .
Heilprin's Distribution of Animals . . . .
Desbeaux's Mattie's Secret . . . . . . 195 Heyse's The Romance of the Canoness . . .
De Vogüé's The Russian Writers . . . . 151 Higginson's (Mrs.) A Princess of Java. ...
Dodd's (Mrs.) Cathedral Days .
Hill's Boswell's Life of Johnson. ... .
Dodge's (D. S.) Memorials of W. E. Dodge . 102 Hitchcock's American State Constitutions ...
Dole's Talks About Law .
39 Holder's Living Lights .
Doudney's (Sarah) Prudence Winterburn. . 194 Holmes's Our Hundred Days in Europe . 153
Drake's The Making of the Great West . . 164 Houghton's (Louise S.) Words of Peace and
Dumas's The Count of Monte Cristo
Rest.
191
Ebers's Richard Lepsius .
271 Howard's (Blanche Willis) Topy the Maid. 268
Ebers's 'The Bride of the Nile. .
Howells's April Hopes . . . . . . . . 267
Economics, Quarterly Journal of . .
Howells's Modern Italian Poets . . . . . 183
Edler's Baldine and Other Tales . . . . . Hubbard's Memorials of a Half-Century .. 86
Elementary Flower Painting..
Hugo's Les Misérables. . . . . . . . 189
Ellis's Christopher Marlowe . . .
Hugo's Things Seen..
. . . . 103
Finck's Romantic Love and Personal Beauty . 103 Hunt's Representative English Prose and Prose
Finley's Martha) Elsie's Friends at Wood-
Writers . .
burn . . . . . . . . . . .
Hutton's The Misrule of Henry III. :::
Foster's My Old Kentucky Home . . . . Jackson's (Mrs.) Between Whiles .
Foulke's Slav and Saxon . . . . . . . 251 | Jacobson's Higher Ground. .
. . 244
François's (Louise) The Last von Reckenburg 270 Jameson's A Treatise on Constitutional Cons
Frith's Autobiography and Reminiscences. 253
tions. . .
180
Froebel's Education of Man
262 Jamison's (Mrs. C. V.) The Story of An En-
Froude's The English in the West Indies. . 261
thusiast . . .
. . . . . 208
Galdos's Leon Roch. . . . . . . . .
269 Jerome's (Miss) A Bunch of Violeta
190
Garrison's Bedside Poetry.
19 Jordan's Science Sketches . . . . . . 154
Gautier's and Merimée's Tales before Supper . 147 Karr's Shores and Alps of Alaska ...
Genung's Practical Rhetoric..
226 Keats's Odes and Sonnets. . . . . .
Geraldine .
Kendall's (May) Dreams to Sell ....
Giant Dwarf, The . . . . . . . .
192 Kennard's (Mrs.) Life of Mrs. Siddons. . . 44
Gilder's Lyrics . . . . . . .
Kenyon's In Realms of Gold ... : 187
Gilder's The Celestial Passion ..
Kirkland's Zury, the Meanest Man in Spring
Gilder's The New Day....
County . . . . . . . . . . .
Gilmore's John Sevier as a Commonwealth Kirkup's An' Enquiry into Socialism . 270
Builder . . . . . . . . . . .
71 Knox's Decisive Battles Since Waterloo . .
Godin's Social Solutions .
243 Knox's How to Travel . . . . . . . .
Goldsmith's The Deserted Village, ... Knox's The Boy Travellers on the Congo . .
Goulding's The Young Marooners . . . . 195 Kokhanofsky's (Madame) The Rusty Linchpin
Greene's Burnham Breaker .
192
and Luboff Archipovna . . . . .
Greenwood's The Principles of Education Prac-
Korolénko's The Vagrant. .
tically Applied . . : :
95 Lakeman's (May) Faith's Festivals.
Gregory's The Photogravure Calendar ..
Larned's (Miss) Village Photographs ... 24
Griffis's Matthew Calbraith Perry . . . .
Lathbury's (Miss) Twelve Times One.. 195
Gronlund's Ça Ira . . . . . .
Lawless's (Emily) The Story of Ireland .. 271
Gupton's Wealth and Progress
242 Lecky's A History of England in the Eighteenth
Guyon's (Madame) Poems.
19
(entury . . . . . . . . . .
64
Haggard's Allan Quatermain ...
Lee's (Yon Phon) When I Was a Boy....
Haggard's Romances . . . . .
Le Row's (Miss) English as She is Taught . .
Hale's (E. E.) Franklin in France
Little's (Mrs.) The World as We Saw It
Hale's (E. E.) In His Name . . . . . . 193 Longfellow's (Samuel) Final Memorials of H.
Hale's (E. E.) Life of Washington .. .
W. Longfellow . . . . . . . .
59
Hale's (Miss) Little Flower-People .
103 | Lowell's Sir Launfal . . . . . . . . .
Hale's (W. G.) The Art of Reading Latin . . 96 Lubbock's The Pleasures of Life . . . . . 102
Hall's (Hubert) Society in the Elizabethan Age 100 Mahafly's The Art of Conversation .... 272
Hall's (S. C.) Book of British Ballads . . . 249 Mahaffy's The Story of Alexander's Empire..
Halliwell-Phillippe's First Edition of Shakes-
Markham's The Fighting Veres . . . . . 288
peare . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 Marryatt's Poor Jack . .
19.5
Hamerton's The Saône . . . . . . . 189 | Marston's Garden Secrets . . . . . . 185
189
. .
249
s.) Life of Mrs Sida'.
187
1
190
60
269
191
's (May) Faith's Festici ....
. . . .
273
297
188


INDEX.
67
247
.
.
195
School of
67
191
48
250
21
299
191
83
266
245
Mathews's (Joanna H.) Cacle Rutherford's
Attic. . .
Matthews's (Brander) Ballads of Books ...,
Mayo's Kaloolah.
McMaster's Benjamin Franklin as a Man of
Letters . . . .
Meiklejohn's The English Language
Meredith's (George) Ballads and Poems
Tragic Life. . . . . . . .
Meredith's (Owen) After Paradise . . . . 185
Merrill's (Jenny B.) Bible Stories .
Meynell's The Modern School of Art.
188
Miller's Songs of the Mexican Seas . . . . 186
Miss Bayle's Romance . . . . . . . .
Mitchell's Prince Littleboy . . . . . .
Moberly's The Early Tudors.
Montgomery's The Leading Facts of Englieh
History . . . . . . . .
226
.
Morgan's Shakespeare in Fact and in Criticism
Morley's English Writers .
143
Morrison's The Ventilation of School Build.
ings . . . . . . . . . . .
96
Moulton': (Mrs.) Ourselves and Our Neighbors 103
Müller's Biographies of Words and the Home
of the Aryas . . . . . . . . .
Müller's The Science of Thought .. 121
Mulock's (Miss) An l'nknown Country. .. 188
Munger's The Appeal to Life.
Murray's and Herman's One Traveller Returns 267
Neumann's History of Music . . . . . .
New Antigone, The . . . . . . . . .
Newton's Social Studies .,
Norton's Correspondence between Goethe and
Nott's Wild Animals in Cantivita' · · · ·
O'Connor's (Mru.) Index to the Works of
Shakespeare
Ogden's (Ruth) His Little Royal Highness
Oliphant's (Laurence) Episodes in a Life of
Adventure .
Oliphant's (Mrs.) and Aldrich's The Second
Son .
O'Meara's (Kathleen) Narka the Nihilist
Palmer's The New Education. .
97
Parkes's The Man Who Would Like to Marry 195
Parry's (Miss) Life among the Germans .
Pater's Imaginary Portraits . . . . . . 102
Paton's Down the Islands . .
189
Patton's Natural Resources of the United
States . . . . . . .
Pennell's Sentimental Journey . .
Perelaer's Ran Away from the Dutch.
Peters's The (hildren of the Week . .
Pierson's Society Verse by American Writ 187
Political Science Quarterly, The . . . . .
Powers's Ten Years of Song . . . .
17
Preston's (D. S) ('olumbus, or a Hero of the
New World ...
187
Preston's (Margaret J.) Colonial Ballads, son:
nets, and other Verses . . . . .
186
Pyle's The Wonder Clock . .
Rabelais's The Three Good Giants...
Ragozin's (Zenaide A.) The Story of Assyria .
Rawlinson's The Story of Ancient Egypt..
Reade's Memoirs . . . . .
Reignold-Winslow's Yesterdays with Actors. 25
Rhys's Thomas Dekker , . . . . .
Richardson's A Girdle Round the Earth..
Rideing's The Boyhood of Living Authors. 195
Rider's Lucy) Real Fairy Folks . . . . .
Roberta's In Divers Tones . . . . . . . 16
Roemer's Origins of the English People and
Language.
. . . . . . 240
Roosevelt's Lite of Rente
. . . . . . . 11
Rosmini's Method in Education ...,
95
Rossetti's Dante and His Circle ... 128
Royce's The Feud of Oakfield Creek ..
Saintsbury's Elizabethan Literature.
259
Saltus's Mr. Incoul's Misadventure. ..
Sanders's Dictionary of Men and Women of
the Nineteenth Century . . . . .
Saunders's The Story of Some Famous Books 253
Schiller's Song of the Bell . . . . . . 190
Schurz's Life of Henry Clay . . . . . . 55
Scott's Novels, Library Edition..
Scott's The Bridal of Triermain. .
189
Scudder's Men and Letters ..
253
Scudder's The Book of Folk Stories
191
Seybert Commission on Spiritualism .
85
Shakespeare's King Henry IV. . .
188
Sherman's Madrigals and Catches ..
18
Shate's Jappie-Chappie . . . . . . . . 195
Sievers's Grammar of Old English. ...
Sill's Poems . . . . . . . . . . .
Sillsbee's (Mrs.) Half Century in Salem ..
Skelding's (Susie Barstow) The Harbingers of
Spring . . . . . . . . . .
Smiles's Life and Labor . . . . . . . .
275
Sparhawk's (Miss) Little Polly Blatchley . . 196
Spofford's (Mrs.) Ballads about Authors .. 195
Stanton's Random Recollections . . . .
Stedman's The Victorian Poets . . . .
Stevens's Around the World on a Bicycle.
Stevenson's Familiar Studies of Men and
Books .
Stevenson's Memoir of Fleeming Jenkin.. 274
Stevenson's Memories and Portraits ... 226
Stevenson's Underwoods.
184
Stevenson's Virginibus Puerisque..
Stillman's on the Track of Ulysses . .
Stinde's Frau Wilhelmine.
270
Stinde's The Buchholz Family . .
Stockton's The Hundredth Man.
Suckling's Poems . . . . . .
Swinburne's Locrine. .
Swinburne's Select Poems
Sylvester's Prose Pastorals . .
86
Symonds's Renaissance in Italy . . . . .
Tennyson's Enoch Arden . . . . .
190
Tennyson's Song of the Brook. .
Thackeray's Letters, A Collection of .. 181
Thanet's (Octave) Knitters in the Sun. ..
Thomas's (Edith) Lyrics and Sonnets ... 949
Thoreau's Winter .
Thoroddsen's Sigrid, an Icelandic Love Story 69
Thorpe's (Rose Hartwick) Ringing Ballads : 191
Tolstors A Russian Proprietor . . . . . 269
Tolstor's Ivan Ilyitch, and Other Stories . . 146
Tolstor's My Confession, and the Spirit of
(hrist's Teaching . . . . . . .
125
Tolstor's Sebastopol . . . . . . . . .
145
Tolstor's The Consacks.
Tolstof's The Invaders, and Other Stories .. 145
Tolstol. What to Do
Townsend's i Frederick) The Poems of Giacomo
Leopardi . . . . . . . . . .
Townsend's (Virginia F.) Life of George
Washington . . . . . . . . . 195
Trollogue's What I Remember . . . . . .
Tulloch's The Story of the Life of Queen Vic-
toria . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tyler's Life of Patrick Henry . . . . . .
226
220
46
69
a the Nihilisi
· · 267
368
185
148
271
62
145
192
71
152
:: 184
la F.) Life of


INDEX.
11
188
University Studies in Historical and Political Wesley's Hark, the Herald Angels Sing .. 190
Science . .
62 | Whipple's American Literature . . . . .
Upton's The Standard Cantatas. . . . . 153 Whitelock's John Jay .
. . . . . . . 235
Walsh's Goethe's Faust.
Whitney's (Mrs.) Bird - Talk
Walworth's (Mrs.) Southern Silhouettes .
Wilhelmine's (Margravine of Baireuth) Me-
Washburne's Recollections of a Minister to
moirs . . .
France . . . . . . . . . .
Williams's Negro Troops in the War of the
Wasson's Poems . . . . . . . . . . 250
Rebellion . . . . . . . . . . 20%
Ward's (Miss) Dante . . . . . . . . . 46 Wilson's (Erastus) Quiet Observations ...,
Ward's The Reign of Queen Victoria .
116 Wilson's (J. H.) China, a Study of Its Civiliza-
Warfield's The Kentucky Resolutions of 1798 245
tion and Possibilities . . . . . . 93
Ways for Boys to Do Things . . . .
195 Winsor's History of America . . . . .
Weil's The Order of Words in the Ancient Wood's Natural Law in the Business World 244
Languages Compared with the Modern 296 | Zogbaum's Horse, Foot, and Dragoons. 190
Topics In LEADING PERIODICALS . . . . . . . .
.... 26, 48, 73, 87, 103, 128, 155, 227, 254, 275, 299
26, 48, 73, 87, 103, 128, 150, 241
Books or THE MONTH ......... 26, 49, 73, 87, 104, 129, 155, 196, 227, 254, 275, 299





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1887.)
THE DIAL
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THE DIAL
[May, 1887.
D. APPLETON & CO. HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO.'S
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| ZURY: The Meanest Man in Spring County.
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D. APPLETON & CO., Publishers,


THE DIAL
VOL. VIII. MAY. 1887. No. 85. writers and so much good writing as now.
That Mr. Haggard could be so much read and
seem to so many readers to be worth their
CONTENTS.
attention and commendation makes a strong
presumption that he has distinctive and
MR. HAGGARD'S ROMANCES. Samuel M. Clark ..
marked merits despite any and all shortcom-
FRANKLIN IN FRANCE Pred J. Turner ..... 7
ings in his performance. But the history of
YACHTS AND YACHTING. Horatio L. Wait ... 10
literature shows that novelty alone may secure
"OLD BULLION." Ndrille W. Puller.....
many readers and a wide and transient repu.
RECENT POETRY. William Morton Payne .... tation. The history of criticism teaches its
GOETHE AND CARLYLE. Sana A. Hubband ...
professors to make a modest and doubtful
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS ........... estimate of their forecasts. They are not
Mrs Silsbee's Hall Century in Salem. Dawson's prophets or children of prophets and their
Life of James Hannington.-A Club of One.Cas.
judgments are not likely to be prescient. For
sell's Complete Pooket Guide to Europe. -Bas.
com's Sociology.-Bowen's The Conflict of East
our own part we shall make a very moderate
and West in Egypt. - Ballon's Due North.-Ab.
and misgiving estimate of Mr. Haggard as he
bott's Waste-Land Wanderings.-Rawlinson's The seems to us.
Story of Ancient Egypt - Mrs. Dodd's Cathedral He has shown the old distinction between
Days. - Wilson's Quiet Observations. -- Balley's
the novel and the romance. In the former
Possibilities.-Burnley's The Romance of Inven.
tion.-Mrs. Rider's Real Fairy Folks.-Miss Lar.
the imagination pictures what is: in the latter
ned's Village Photogrphs. -Peters's The Children it invents what is not. The novel dealing
of the Week.
with the actual but slightly transposed has
LITERARY XOTES AND NEWS .......24 come in these latter days to an almost un-
TOPICS IN MAY PERIODICALS........ 26 mixed realism. In the degree it has become
BOOKS OF THE MONTH ..
realistic we were all outgrowing romance.
While we are all in this mood Mr. Haggard
MR. HAGGARD'S ROMANCES.
surprises us with romances as fantastic as
those that Cervantes caricatured to immortal
Some of the current criticism of Mr. Hag. death. He chose his line with deliberation.
gard's books recalls the whimsical criticism Here is a scene from one of his first stories:
Cervantes made of himself: “This Cervantes «« Well, Ernest,' she said, what are you think-
has long been my friend. His book does, in ing about? You are as dull as-as the dullest
deed, display a little power of invention; it thing in the world, whatever that may be.
aims at something but it reaches nothing." What is the dullest thing in the world ?' *I
One reviewer says that Mr. Haggard “has but don't know,' he answered, awakening; yes
a rudimentary ability to delineate character, I think I do: an American novel.' "Yes, that
which is the chief function of the novelist," is a good definition. You are as dull as an
yet concedes that “Jess” “is certainly inter American novel' And in the outset of
esting." If, in the surfeit of books palling all “King Solomon's Mines ” Allan Quatermain
tastes now, any story is interesting, must it promises: “This history won't be dull, what-
need be that before we grant a grace to the ever else it may be.” Thus Mr. Haggard has
author he must show that he can delineate entered the lists against the dulness of the
character as some other writers do who are American fashion in novels, and resolute to
tiresome enough? Another critic notes that keep you awake as one of his prime purposes.
in “King Solomon's Mines” the crescent He writes both novels and romances. The
moon in full bow rises over Kukuanaland from second story he published, “The Witch's
the east a little after sunset; the next evening Head," is a novel with the witch's head in-
it has suddenly become full; and the following troduced unexpectedly to entertain the com-
day after it has become full it totally eclipses pany with a by-play of parlor magic. It
the sun. The critic justly doubts whether is à deus er machina fabricated outright
even in Kukuanaland moon and sun should to scare the reader into wakefulness and
play such hocus-pocus arts with astronomy. differentiate Mr. Haggard's story from those
And even the least exacting reader will be more American novels whose dulness is to his
than once annoyed by the crudeness of many thought a pleonastic euphemism for a good
of Mr. Haggard's sentences. But it takes honest yawn in the presence of one's lady-love.
more and greater faults than these to damn a Mr. Haggard is secure in his invention: there
writer if his work is vital and strong. The is no witch's head nor anything like it in the
world of readers are used to good writing. | American novels that we read. Lest we be
Never in the world were there so many good too much humiliated by such contrasted pov.


THE DIAL
(May,
erty of invention, we may proudly claim as an is such a reversal of the drift in literature
American that we think we will not be over- that he has not a reader but has strong mis-
positive, but we think that our passing eye l givings but one's first duty is to find fault
has caught upon news-counters the title with Mr. Haggard and say that he will not
pages of nickel-dreadfuls, unquestionably by do at all. This author has sprung full-armed
American writers, whose luxuriant fancy will into fame, with a great multitude of readers on
match even the italicized nod, nod, nodding of both sides of the Atlantic, since Mr. Howells
the head that frightened Hard Riding Atter so lately set up his Editorial Study in “Har-
leigh out of the poor remnant of bis wits. per's Magazine,” to dissuade this generation
Happily Mr. Haggard's American novel-read from having one minute's time or patience for
ing is restricted to the living present. For such stories as Mr. Haggard writes. Mr.
there is in our memory, though not in his, the Howells has let his view be known with suffi-
picture of a head-a real living one, “ Harpe's cient clearness and insistence. He reads back-
Head” as we remember it-which an American wards fifty years, to recall that Carlyle said
novelist of the last generation thrust one dis that the only romance is reality and prophe-
mal dark night into one small window of a sied that the multitude of novel-writers
cabin in the dense woods. A head, grizzled, must "sweep their novel-fabric into the dust-
malignant, silent, bloody, sinister, which for cart, and betake themselves with such faculty
hair-lifting power over the imagination of as they have to understand and record what
boys—for dramatic ability to make one's back. is true." Mr. Howells hopes for Charles
bone consciously and uncomfortably alive at Egbert Craddock that she will “wholly escape
any hour of a country night-did in the com from romantic ideals." The fruition of his
parison make the head of Mr. Haggard's witch desire for her is this dreary outlook: “Some
a poor thing of shreds and patches, of paste day, and not long hence, we believe that this
board and stuffed sawdust. Skilfully con gifted author will address herself yet more
trived, too, as is the mighty door of stone modernly to her work, and give us her moun.
which settles as doom full closing the diamond tain folk as she saw them before her fancy
chamber of King Solomon's Mines like a grave began to work upon them." That is babbling
to Mr. Haggard's adventurers, it quickened folly. It is sheer and unmixed nonsense.
our memory to the recalling of a very yellow Nothing could be duller and stupider in this
covered novel we read " years and years ago," world than those mountain folk as she saw
undoubtedly written by an American novelist, them before her fancy began to work upon
wherein a cunning and fanatical Chinese them. The occasional photograph or old-
bonze or priest shut an American explorer fashioned daguerreotype in their cabins was
into a living tomb of rock in the great wall of fine art, the local department of their country
China by just such an infernal contrivance paper was sparkling genius when compared
of a stone door. We would not enter into and contrasted with the dullness and stupidity
this ungracious form of international rivalry, and unlovely coarseness of the actual talk
matching forgotten American genius with Mr. and lives of these people whom her fancy bas
Haggard, if he had honestly looked Dorothy made pleasantly comrade to us because it has
full in the face, and yawned, but said nothing i fashioned them as they are not. Mr. Howells's
about the dulness of American novels. We, apostleship of inanity and common place as
would have left him to stumble by chance the true sphere of a novel comes to a bitter
into Mr. William F. Cody's-Buffalo Billion end that we have some malicious pleasure
* Wild West," soon to show in London, and ¡ in: it is made inaudible in the noise of
make the discovery for himself how fully the whole novel-reading world of England
America has already grown an art and genius and America clamoring about the book
kindred to his own.
counters for “She" and "King Solomon's
Now we are being spiteful, and we did not Mines"! It is not deliberated protest
mean to be that. Let us seriously consider against Mr. Howells's critical canons: it is
our author's work. The first thing to be said the unthinking indifference to his opinions
is that he is most readable as a novelist but of that vast multitude of men and women
most interesting in romance. It is in the lat. / who delight in the romantic and seek Mr. Hag.
ter that he has secured such large attention gard's books because he gives them what they
and by it he will have whatever distinctive want. Mr. Haggard's readers, too, are Mat.
place is to be his among writers. The present thew Arnold's * remnant." They are not the
generation of readers do not take readily to crowd of Philistines who every Saturday
romance. We have all been trained away from : night seek their " Ledger" or "Mercury” or
it. We do not read it easily and sympathet. 'penny-dreadful with such eagerness ; they are
ically. And yet the romantic quality in Mr. , the literary elect who have a mild pleasure in
Haggard's stories, highly seasoned as it is, is Mr. James and a juster and keeper rapture in
what has given him his sudden distinction. It a new story by Mr. Howells. George Eliot,
is the undoing of much recent criticism. It i by a rare genius in self-introspection, vital


1887.)
7
THE DIAL
with dramatic power and a lofty informing ostrich after her. Any girl pursued by an
philosophic spirit ; Thackeray and Dickens, angry ostrich would be Jess, so far as you can
with rare talent for caricature, kept a genera identify her by anything you know when you
tion of readers subject to them without ro have read the story. His fine writing is
mance. This limitation and absence of a factor tawdry when not commonplace. He has over.
else thought indispensable in story-telling has done his romance time and again. Gagool
later been set up as a Chinese wall bounding was so evidently made to scare you, that she
its empire. Surely criticism could not make fails to do it because she is an absurd stage
a more perverse or vexatious misjudgment devil made for the occasion. The battle be-
than that a privation of faculty in this tween the loyal and insurgent parts of King
writer or that is to be made the measure Twala's army misses the satire of Gulliver or
of merit in all other performance. It must Don Quixote, if that is what was intended,
readily be granted that a great and endur and is farcical. Many of the devices made to
ing literature must have larger qualities get your wonder are too stagey. “She," on
than caricatures; but surely the alternative is her ideal side as metaphysics or philosophy or
not a flat, stale, and unprofitable realism. It science or whatever Mr. Haggard meant her
did not need the reaction in opinion marked for, fails as an intellectual conception because
by the sudden and phenomenal eagerness with he was not clear in his own mind what he in-
which Mr. Haggard is now sought after, to tended her meaning to be. The place of the
make it certain that no school of criticism Fire of Life enfeebled his imagination when he
could long hold sway whose dogmas must had need for it to be at its best, and what
make its orthodox adherents lament that might have been a great mental conception
writers could mislead genius into so bad an fell away into a Black Crook spectacle less
unrealism as “Hamlet” and “The Midsum. impressive than a visit to a manufactory of
mer Night's Dream," “ Don Quixote" and "The electric light. Every chapter of his writings
Idyls of the King." It marks possibly the has something crude and defective. Yet over
strength of the public weariness of realism, and above these, he is a great story-writer.
rather than the inherent merits of Mr. Hag He has freshened and quickened literature by
gard's books, that they have grown into so showing in a distinctive and original way that
great favor. We are only prepared to give the stories are not all told. He has shown
casual impressions, not to make a criticism that the alternative of the vapid commonplace
that we would care to have guide the judg of realism is not what Mr. Ruskin calls foul
ment of others, or to indicate the verdict of fiction--a morbid introspection of evil pas-
the future. But our reading of his stories has sions on their way from the slums to the
not shown us that he has any marked quality morgue-but that romanticism, using a clean
of mind save imagination, or any noteworthi. imagination, appealing to the faculty of won-
ness as a writer save invention. He has no der, is for most men and women the supreme
wit. He has not written one sentence sprightly and perpetually attractive form and matter of
enough to catch the reader's attention. It is story-telling. It may be that Mr. Haggard
inconceivable that stories could be written so marks a tendency and will himself be short-
devoid of humor. The only gleam of a sug. lived. It may equally be that there is enough
gestion that he possesses the quality even originality in his romances that the future
remotely is his poor grotesquerie of Captain may make him a favored place alongside of
Good's half-shaven whiskers and pantless Defoe and “Robinson Crusoe." If we were
legs. That poor device marches through his to hazard a guess, we would think the latter
story unattended by any other show of mirth, more likely to be the case than the former.
reminding one of Gilbert's ancient mariner in For, with all his patent defects, he seems to
the “ Yarn of the Nancy Bell ”: “I never larf us to have the divine incommunicable gift of
and I never smile, And I never lark nor play, creation: that genius which survives transient
But I sit and croak, and a single joke I have faults and endures in its own right.
--which is to say "--and then Mr. Haggard
SAMUEL M, CLARK,
tells you again of Good's half-whisker and
beautiful white legs. All the talking done by
the persons in his several stories is unrelieved
FRANKLIN IN FRANCE.*
commonplace. He does not conceive or
Of late the question has been asked, Who
portray a character so as to make it take on
was the first great American ? If we accept
any distinctness of personality. Each and
everyone is dim and impersonal. Even “ Jess,"
as necessary conditions of this title that the
upon whom he has spent all his gifts in char.
recipient must be preeminently the represent-
ative of the leading tendencies of the nation,
acter-making, is a lay-figure in a shop window
invested with certain incident and qualities. FRANKLIN IX FRANCE From Original Documents,
You would never recognize her unless you saw
most of which are now published for the first time. By
Edward E. Hale, and Edward E Hale, Jr. Boston: Roberts
her galloping across South Africa with an | Brothers.


THE DIAL
(May,
original as it is original, and tbat he must spondents which would throw light on the history
have won and held the admiration of the l or on his life in France."
world, whom can we find to fulfil the require. In addition to the Stevens collection the
ments before Benjamin Franklin, and who has authors have used the manuscript collections
better satisfied them? His greatness lay in of Bancroft, the Adamses, Sparks, the Ameri-
his ability to apply to the world a shrewd can Philosophical Society, and the archives of
understanding that disclosed in the ordinary Massachusetts.
things about him potent forces for helpfulness. Previous investigations of this period bad
His life is the story of American common-sense prepared students to look for interesting dis-
in its highest form, applied to business, to closures from this mine of unworked material.
politics, to science, to diplomacy, to religion, An old garret gave up to M. de Loménie the
io philanthropy. Surely this self-made man, papers on which he founded his useful life of
the apostle of the practical and the useful, is Beaumarchais which compelled us to form a
by the verdict of his own country and of | more lenient judgment of Silas Deane, and
Europe entitled to the distinction of being the enabled historians to add a dramatic chapter
first great American. Probably the three men to the account of French secret aid to the
who would find the choicest niches in an American cause. Sparks had asserted that
American Pantheon would be Franklin, Jay was mistaken in suspecting double dealing
Washington, and Lincoln. They achieved on the part of the French court; but Ban-
their success not so much by brilliancy of the croft's investigation, of the secret correspond.
higher intellectual powers as by their personal ence of Vergennes have reversed this verdict,
character. This is generally recognized in the by showing that our ally desired to limit the
case of Washington and of Lincoln, and it boundaries of the United States to the Ohio and
will be apparent in that of Franklin if we the Alleghanies, to deny her the fisheries and to
consider the leading incidents in his political keep her in a state of dependency upon France.
services. There is truth in the remark of | Franklin, maintaining, in opposition to Jay,
Condorcet that he was really an envoy not to that Vergennes had never deceived him, was
the ministers of France, but to her people. loth to treat separately with England. Inter-
He was welcomed by them not alone as the esting information on this topic was to be
wise and simple searcher of nature's secrets ; hoped for in the volume before us. There
it was the Poor Richard wearing his fur cap was, too, the question of Franklin's real
among the powdered wigs, the shrewd humor. opinion of the society about him. At the
ist, the liberal in religion, the plain republican, time of the appearance of Wm. Temple
that became the idol of the gay society of Franklin's edition, John Foster had urged the
the Ancient Régime. Of such a man in such possibility that the editor had suppressed
an age one can scarcely gain too full a papers showing that, despite the aid of the
knowledge.
French court to his country, and the adulation
It was not until after Sparks's edition of of French society, the clear-eyed Benjamin
Franklin's works had gone to press, that the Franklin was not blind to the hollowness of
long missing collection of the first editor, Wm. the Ancient Régime, but in the economic and
Temple Franklin, was brought to light upon
political conditions about him must have
the top shelf of a London tailor-shop. This col. foreseen the coming storm. l'pon this im-
lection, bought by Congress from Mr. Henry portant question regarding Franklin's char.
Stevens in Garfield's administration, contains acter, however, the present work has nothing
two thousand nine hundred and thirty-eight new to say. We are left to believe that he did
different papers, of which the greater part have not condemn the society in which he once ex-
never been printed until now. The part of the pected to end bis days, and that even a higher
collection least drawn upon by the first editor endowment than common-sense is needed for
is that which followed the year 1780. This new the prophetic soul.
material has given occasion for the complete
Turning the pages of the book for an answer
edition of Franklin's works now publishing to the other question, we are met with a serious
under the editorship of Mr. John Bigelow, disappointment. The period of Franklin's
and it is chiefly from the same source that Dr. stay in France embraced the eight years and
Hale and his son, Edward E. Hale, Jr., have seven months intervening between 1776 and
drawn for their attractive octavo volume of
1785. It is a matter of just complaint on the
five hundred pages devoted to the story of part of the reader that, whereas announce.
Franklin in France. Dr. Hale thus states his ments and preface give every reason to expect
plan :
a complete treatment of the period in one
volume, the book closes with the siege of
"I determined to examine anew the whole mis-
sion of Franklin to France .... with the inten-
Yorktown, leaving untouched those years
tion of printing all the more important letters of upon which we are informed the new material
Franklin not published heretofore, and also the | is richest, and which are of greatest interest
most important unpublished letters of his corre- l in themselves. From other sources we learn


1887.)
THE DIAL
---
that a second volume will probably be issued tion.” The diplomatic history is interestingly
at a date not yet determined. In this un- | told in chapters treating the enmity between
certainty in which the incomplete work leaves France and England aroused by the previous
us we take refuge in the fact that Dr. Hale wars for the colonial supremacy of the world,
assures his readers that the new documents do and explaining how, under the efforts of
not "suggest any revision of judgment on im Beaumarchais, “France drifted from real
portant matters of history where a verdict | neutrality to secret and unrecognized alli.
has been rendered before now. But," he ance," and how, “from this unrecognized
adds, "we believe the reader will feel that the alliance she was pushed into open and undis-
questions relating to French neutrality, to the guised war,” after the defeat of Burgoyne had
treatment of prisoners, to privateering, and enabled the efforts of Franklin to bear fruit.
especially those relating to treaties with On the question whether the French aid fur.
France and with England, can be considered nished to Congress through Beaumarchais was
with more certainty, now that we have all the a gift, as Lee held, or whether the govern-
important facts involved, as we did not have ment really expected Congress to reimburse
them until now.” Aside from the matter of this romantic head of the house of " Rodrique
the treaty with England, this claim the book Hortalez and Co.," for his supplies, as was the
most fully justifies. Treating the expeditions view of Deane, Franklin as late as 1778 was
of Wickes and Conyngham, and the Dunkirk still in the dark.
privateers, the authors print material that not The chapter dealing with Franklin's first
only illustrates one of the less known features visits to France, in 1767 and 1769, gives an
of the period, but gives a fuller understanding | appetizing view of his connection with the
of the perplexities of the commissioners in so sect of " Economists," led by Dr. Quesnay and
acting as to respect the nominal neutrality of the Marquis of Mirabeau, "Ami des Hommes,"
the French court and at the same time avail “ whose distinctive principles were based on
themselves of its covert aid.
the theory that the farmer was the only pro-
The sea fight of John Paul Jones is retold ducer in society.” One would like to know
by the aid of some new documents. Frank- more of Franklin's relation with philosophical
lin's difficulties with Landais, the crazy captain France. The influence of American ideas
of the “ Alliance," who defied the authority of upon the French Revolution has never re-
Jones and the minister as well, is rehearsed at ceived the treatment to which the importance
perhaps needless length. The Madrid cor of the subject entitles it. It is to be hoped
respondence shows us how Congress tried the that in his next volume Dr. Hale will develop
patience of its foreign representatives by this matter.
drawing bills upon them when they had no For the future discussion of the treaty with
balance of cash abroad—"drafts on the Bank England, the way is paved in the present
of Hope," Franklin calls them. Together with volume by new material illustrating how the
the picture presented to us of Franklin attract correspondence between Franklin and his
ing to himself the social, the philosophical, English friend David Hartley concerning the
and the political world,-“ dining abroad six exchange of prisoners grew into a discussion
days in the week"--we are enabled to see him of the terms of peace that opened the way for
dealing with commercial France as well. The the preliminary negotiation. Jay's Madrid
authors point out that the influence of the correspondence with Franklin presents the
American war on the commerce of that country dissatisfaction of the former with the condi-
was such that the feeling for the “insurgents" tion of affairs at the Spanish court and pre-
from motives of profit and loss was an im sages bis future policy.
portant element in the general disposition of The material presented from other sources
France.
than the Stevens collection hardly bears out
It is probably true that no facts essential to the promises made in the preface, although
a correct understanding of these and similar the Massachusetts archives afford letters illus-
topics were not previously in possession of the trating the feeling on this side of the water, at
historian; but, apart from the side light which several important junctures. On the whole
the new material may cast on other subjects, one may say of “Franklin in France" that the
the very detail thus presented gives a more volume before us furnishes interesting detail
adequate appreciation of the multiplicity of to a historical picture already drawn. We find
duties which Franklin, first as the associate of in the book what seems to be a combination
Deane and Lee, and later as sole minister, was of two somewhat opposed efforts, namely, to
forced to perform, and which led him to present a new study of Franklin's French
declare these years the busiest of his busy life. career, calculated to win a popular audience,
They were filled, as he says, and as this book and at the same time to effect this chiefly by
bears witness, with "the various employments printing letters before unpublished. Although
of merchant, banker, judge of admiralty, the thread of the story is preserved by inter-
consul, etc., etc., besides my ministerial func l esting introductory comments, adorned, it is


10
[May,
THE DIAL
needless to say, by Dr. Hale's graceful style, the best popular treatise on yachting that has
and frequently of much historical value, the appeared. The history of yachting in America
general reader will nevertheless lose very is conveniently divided into six periods, be-
much unless he has at his elbow the edition of ginning with the origin of the New York
Sparks, the Diplomatic Correspondence, and | Yacht Club, whose early history, says Cap-
similar works containing previously published tain Coffin, has never been written before. Of
material with which an acquaintance is taken the first regatta, held at New York, July 16,
for granted. For example no reference is 1845, he says:
made to the letter of Dr. Dubourg to Frank “The regatta was a great event, and was wit-
lin which led to the sending of Deane and nessed by thousands of people, all New Yorkers
Franklin to Paris and which abounds with in who could get there being on the water. Every
formation essential to an understanding of the
craft that could float, from the skiff to the large
situation which they found on their arrival.
excursion steamer, was brought into requisition for
the spectators. . . . . In the early period of
In view of the inherent difficulties of their
American yachting, the regatta days were regarded
plan, however, the authors are to be congratu-
almost like general holidays by the principal busi.
lated on the interesting book which they have
ness men."
presented. It is a considerable achievement
A very clear account of the contests be-
to have made so entertaining a book, and so
tween the “Maria," “ America,” and other
valuable a one withal, from material the larger
famous yachts of those early days, is given in
portion of which is devoted to the less pic.
this part of the book. In reference to the
turesque incidents of Franklin's life in France
unwritten history of pleasure sailing, the
and which from its nature does not abound in
author says:
Franklin's peculiar bits of moralizing and
"Beside the public races at the regular regattas,
genial witticisms. Perhaps the best comment
and the private contests, there is a history of the
on the volume is the fact that the reader will
sport, which, if the data were obtainable, would
await with impatience the completion of the be found far more interesting than these, and that
work.
FRED J. TURNER. is the account of the private cruises and the after-
noon sailing; these, after all, constitute the real
enjoyment of the sport, to which the public races
are merely incidental. It is these that make yacht-
YACHTS AND YACHTING.*
ing the very prince of out-of-door sports."
The subject of yachting will always be an The author has unlimited praise for the
attractive one to the American public. Few sport he advocates; yet his enthusiasm will
men have the means and leisure to own and be shared by many readers who have had
use pleasure boats, but there are multitudes glimpses of the possibilities of yachting. He
who enjoy seeing them, or indulge in hope. says of it:
ful anticipations of the time when they may "It is free from all the abuses and objections
become owners. To this growing taste is due attaching to the turf, and must from the very na-
the great increase in the literature of this sub. ture of things always be the sport of gentlemen.
ject in recent years.
In the first place, none but the comparatively
The latest contribution to this literature is
wealthy can own and use a vessel kept purely for
the re-publication in book form of the series
pleasure sailing; and it is difficult to see how a man
can expend his wealth in sport more profitable to
of articles recently published in “Outing,"
himself, his friends, and the cominunity. In the
on “ Yachts and Yachting," by Captain Roland
equipment and maintaining of a yacht, all classes o
F. Coffin. This book will prove very accept. the community receive a share; and the intimat
able to a large portion of the reading public, friends of the owner receive that which is mose
as well as to yachtsmen. It presents in a con- valuable of all, the health-giving exercise and thet
venient form a condensed history of yachting
fresh sea air which is its accompaniment,-the
in America from the earliest days to the pres.
owner himself getting in these ample return for all
his outlay.
ent time, and treats all the most interesting
episodes of the early period in a style that Mr. E. S. Jaffray, in the chapter contributed
will enable those not already familiar with by him to the book, speaks with equal enthu.
them to comprehend most readily their char. siasm concerning steam yachting, as follows:
acteristics and significance. Captain ('offin "There is no other mode of travelling to com.
treats his subject in a plain sailorly way, free ! pare to it for pleasure and healthfuln
from technicalities and from tediousness. The here quote the remark of the proprietor of one of
style is not elegant, but it is vigorous. The
the finest of the fleet of steam yachts, when the im.
mense cost of his vessel was alluded to. My
author gives just the information most desired
yacht, it is true, has cost a large sum, but it is
by the general public; and thus the book is
worth every dollar of it. It has made a new man
of me. Before I built it I was constantly suffering
YACHTS AND YACHTING. The History of American
from dyspepsis and other troubles arising from too
Yacbting By Captain RI (mn. With over 11 Illus
trations by Fred Coaxen. and otbers. New York Cas.
close attention to business. Now I am a well
sell & Co
man."


1887.)
11
THE DIAL
The great ocean yacht races are described į serve to give completeness to the work, and
in a manner that is more interesting and more are so well supported by tabulated facts as to
easily understood than such accounts usually make it very useful as a book of reference.
are. The public attention recently excited by The wood-cuts are numerous, and are chiefly
Captain Samuels and the “ Dauntless," in the reproductions of outline drawings of the most
race across the Atlantic, will cause this ac- famous yachts, by Fred S. Cozzens. They are
count of his former exploits in that yacht to the best that have ever appeared in any popu.
be read with renewed interest. The author lar treatise on this subject; being faultless in
indulges in a little quiet drollery in his ac- the matter of seamanship, and having great
count of the efforts of our Canadian brethren artistic merit,-two qualities rarely combined
to compete for the famous America cup, with | in pictures of vessels. Many of the best of the
the yacht “ Countess," as well as with her illustrations are, however, sadly marred by
equally unfortunate successor in those fruit- the crowding of irregular patches of printed
less efforts. The comparative merits of the | matter into the sky-space, producing a most
deep English cutters and the wide American incongruous jumble of light sails and heavy
centre-board vessels are very fairly and intelli text. This is inexcusable in pictures of this
gently presented. The conclusions concerning character. This unseemly crowding looked
them reached by Captain Coffin are worthy of badly enough when the chapters composing
attention, for his experience and good judg. the book appeared as articles in the limited
ment entitle him to be considered a sound space of the magazine; but it seems much
authority on this much discussed subject. He worse in a volume having such generous pro-
says:
portions as the one under consideration. It is
"Nothing can be more stupid than the prejudice, an evidence of the fatal impairment of a nice
born of ignorance, which has been entertained sense of artistic propriety, caused by the greed
against centre-board vessels. That they are faster for gain in modern magazine publishers, who
than keel-boats, is beyond a question; that they are have in this case deliberately destroyed the
handier under canvas and better suited to our shal.
breezy atmospheric effect of admirable illus-
low harbors, cannot be doubted; and as to the
question of safety, the percentage of accident in
trations, to gain a few squares of text, while
centre-board craft is so small that it need not be
they devote page after page of space to absurd
taken into account at all. On the other hand, the advertisements that should never have a place
deep cutters are not a success; the centre-board within the covers of a magazine.
boats in good breezes having always proved the
HORATIO L. WAIT.
most speedy. It has also been proved that this
style of yacht is less comfortable than the broad
centre-board boats, and not suited to the shallow
American harbors. They are, however, very hand-
“ OLD BULLION."
some craft, and out of the controversy as to cutter
The reader of Mr. Roosevelt's biography of
and centre-board has come a compromise between
Benton will find the author's opinions on men
the two extremes, of broad and shallow, and deep
and narrow, which is superior to either. The centre-
and things outside of his immediate subject,
board is retained, but with it is a keel through
expressed with great freedom and equal posi.
which it plays; the yacht is made narrower and tiveness. Thus, of General Lee he says:
deeper than of old, the lack of stability due to nar "The world has never seen better soldiers than
rowing the model being made up by outside lead
those who followed Lee; and their leader will un-
ballast."
doubtedly rank as, without any exception, the very
Several other matters concerning which greatest of all the great captains that the English-
there is much difference of opinion are also speaking peoples have brought forth and this,
very clearly treated by the writer,—such as the
although the last and chief of his antagonists may
himself claim to stand as the full equal of Marl-
question of the best rig for yachts. He con-
borough and Wellington."
cludes that the schooner rig is so much handier
Of General Scott:
than any other that it is sure to be preferred
for a vessel kept solely for pleasure sailing.
"A good general, but otherwise a wholly absurd
But he also expresses the belief that, as racing
and flatulent personage."
craft, the day of schooners has passed, on both Of General Taylor:
sides of the Atlantic. On the subject of ma “ He was neither a great statesman nor yet a great
terials, he thinks that iron or mild steel will commander; but he was an able and gallant soldier,
finally supersede wood as a building material
a loyal and upright public servant, and a inost
for pleasure yachts.
kindly, honest, and truthful man."
Besides Mr. Jaffray's chapter on “Steam Of General Jackson:
Yachts," already referred to in this article, the "A very charming English historian of our day
volume contains a chapter on "The Mayflower has compared Wellington with Washington; it
and Galatea ('ontest for the American cup," would have been far juster to have compared him
written by C. E. (lay; also one on “ British
! THOMAS S. BENTON, By Theodore Roosevelt. (Ameri.
Yacbting," by C. J. C. McAlester. These can statesinen Series.) Boston Houghton, Mimin & Co.


12
[May,
THE DIAL
with Andrew Jackson. Both were men of strong, the war, and until the day of his death, his position
narrow minds and bitter prejudices, with few on almost every public question was either mis-
statesmanlike qualities, who, for brilliant military chievous or ridiculous, and usually both.”
services, were raised to the highest civil positions in “New York has always had a low political
the gift of the state. ...... As a statesman standard, one or the other of its great party and
Wellington may have done less harm than Jackson, factional organizations, and often both or all of
for he had less influence; but he has no such great them, being at all times most unlovely bodies of
mark to his credit as the old Tennesseean's attitude excessively unwholesome moral tone."
toward the Nullifiers. If Jackson's election is a
“Political economists have pretty generally agreed
proof that the majority is not always right, Well-
that protection is vicious in theory and harmful in
Ington's elevation may be taken as showing that the
practice; but if the majority of the people in interest
minority, or a fraction thereof, is in its turn quite as
wish it, and it affects only themselves, there is no
likely to be wrong."
earthly reason why they should not be allowed to
Jefferson, he terms a “scholarly, timid, and try the experiment to their heart's content. The
shifty doctrinaire,” who is “constitutionally trouble is it rarely ever affects only themselves.”
unable to put a proper value on truthfulness;"
It will thus be perceived that Mr. Roose-
President Pierce, "a small politician, of low
velt holds the pen of a ready writer, and has
capacity and mean surroundings, proud to act a mind as definitely made up as to public men
as the servile tool of men worse than himself
and measures during the period under con-
but also stronger and abler;" Buchanan, a
sideration in his sketch, as Lord Randolph
“timid, shifty, and selfish politician, naturally
Churchill's upon the affairs of Great Britain.
fond of facing both ways;" Silas Wright, “a Thomas Hart Benton was born in North
typical dough-face politician.” President Carolina, March 14, 1782. The death of his
Tyler “has been called a mediocre man; but
father, a lawyer in good standing, left him at
this is unwarranted flattery. He was a poli-
an early age to the care of his Virginian
tician of monumental littleness.” President
mother, who lived to see the son, whose char-
Monroe “was a courteous, high-bred gentle-
acter she did much to mould, one of the fore-
man, of no especial ability, but well fitted to most statesmen of his country. Naturally
act as presidential figure-head during the politi-
studious and fond of reading, Mr. Benton was
cally quiet years of that era of good feeling
pursuing his college course at the University
which lasted from 1816 till 1824." He says of
of North Carolina, when his mother decided
Webster: “ There never was any question of
to move to the vicinity of Nashville, Ten-
Webster's courage; on the occasions when he
nessee, where they owned a large tract of
changed front he was actuated by self-interest
land. There, in attending to his great back-
and ambition, not by timidity.” Of Clay, that
woods farm and in pushing the growth of
he “ entirely lacked Taylor's backbone.” Of
the settlement, Mr. Benton “readily enough
President Van Buren: “ The people at large
turned into a regular frontiersman of the
would never have thought of him for Presi.
better and richer sort ;” and, says Mr. Roose-
dent of their own accord.” “If he had always
velt, though never a vicious and debauched
governed his actions by a high moral standard
man, he took kindly to the change from the
he would probably never have been heard of.”
rather austere training of his youth to the sav-
Of the President of the United States Bank,
age brawls, the shooting and stabbing affrays,
Biddle, that he “was a man of some ability,
wbich went to make up the leading features
but conceited to the last degree, untruthful,
of the social life of the place and epoch,
and to a certain extent unscrupulous in the
where horse-racing, cock-fighting, gambling,
use be made of the political influence of the
whiskey drinking, and kindred vices fourished
great moneyed institution over which he pre-
in rank luxuriance. Duelling prevailed, and
sided.”
some years later Benton killed his man,-
Interspersed with the numerous pictures in
having, as an eye-witness is reported to have
this gallery are such observations as these: said, " looked him to death before he killed
“The cause of the Abolitionists has had such a him.” Such incidents appear to have been so
halo shed around it by the after course of events,
common that Benton's serenity is not shown
which they themselves in reality did very little to
to have been disturbed by any after reflections
shape, that it has been usual to speak of them with
absurdly exaggerated praise. Their courage, and
upon it. It is related of Jackson that when
for the most part their sincerity, cannot be too
in his last illness he saw a friend examining
highly spoken of, but their share in abolishing a brace of pistols on the mantel-piece, he
slavery was far less than has commonly been repre calmly remarked : “Yes, that's the pistol I
sented. ..... During all the terrible four killed Dickenson with.”
years that sad, strong, patient Lincoln worked and Mr. Benton was admitted to the bar, and
suffered for the people, he had to dread the influence
practiced his profession for some years in
of the extreme Ābolitionists only less than that of
Tennessee, serving also as a member of the
the Copperheads. ..... Wendell Phillips may
be taken as a very good type of the whole. His
legislature ; and then removed to Missouri,
services against slavery prior to the war should with which State his name is inseparably
always be remembered with gratitude; but after | connected. He was a typical Western man,


1887.)
13
THE DIAL
though his large information and really exten- | and the crack of the rifle. These are the
sive learning and accomplishments gave him true evidences of the dominion of the white
a certain superiority among those around him; man; these are the proofs that the owner
and there is nothing better in this biography | has come and means to stay, and then the
than Mr. Roosevelt's description of the men, Indians feel it to be time for them to go."
and Benton's relation to them, “who, under He attacked Calhoun's proposition for the
the shadow of world-old forests, and in the distribution of the surplus, and showed “the
sunlight of the great lonely plains, wrought viciousness of a scheme which would degrade
out the destinies of a nation and a continent," every state government into the position of a
thoroughly appreciating as he did, “that he mendicant, and would allow money to be col.
was helping to shape the future of a country lected from the citizens with one hand in
whose wonderful development is the most im order to be given back to them with the other."
portant feature in the history of the nineteenth And he succeeded at this time in defeating
century ; the non-appreciation of which fact Clay's land-money distribution bill, in con-
is in itself sufficient utterly to disqualify any nection with his opposition to which he urged
American statesman from rising to the front a plan to apply the surplus to the national de-
rank."
fence, in which he declared “ the whole Union
As a writer, Mr. Benton's reputation will is equally interested; for the country, in all
rest mainly upon his “Thirty Years' View," that concerns its defences, is but a unit, and
and upon his "Abridgment of the Debates of every section is interested in the defence of
Congress," which he brought down from 1789 every other section, and every individual citi.
to 1850, in sixteen volumes,-an invaluable zen is interested in the defence of the whole
work, compiled after he had passed the age of population."
seventy-four, and the closing portion dictated He opposed the “ Spoils System,” and in his
in a whisper on his death-bed. As a public “ Thirty Years' View” he writes:
man, his fame will be perpetuated by his “Certainly no individual has a right to an office;
career in the Senate and House, a career which no one has an estate or property in a public employ-
will impress the reader with deeper admira ment; but when a mere ministerial worker in a
tion the more closely it is examined. Mr. subordinate station has learned its duties by expe-
Benton entered the Senate with the State of
rience and approved his fidelity by his conduct, it
Missouri, and after thirty years in that body
is an injury to the public service to exchange him
for a novice whose only title to the place may be a
his official life closed with two years in the
political badge or partisan service. It is exchang.
House, signalized by his vigorous resistance to ing experience for inexperience, tried ability for
the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, at a untried, and destroying the incentive to good con-
time when no “fire-bell in the night " was duct by destroying its reward. ... It converts
needed to proclaim the impending conflagra-
elections into scrambles for office, and degrades the
tion. It was in Benton's time that bills to
government into an office for rewards and punish-
ments; and divides the people of the Union into
subsidize steamship lines were first passed, and
two adverse parties, each in its turn, and as it be-
"that the enlarging and abuse of the pension
comes dominant, to strip and proscribe the other."
system began, which in our own day threatens
But Mr. Benton was not likely to commit
to become a really crying evil," and he opposed
the error attributed by Mr. Roosevelt to the
both sets of measures. “I am a friend to
junior Adams, as going altogether too far in
old soldiers," said he, “but not to old specu-
his non-partisanship when it came to appointing
lators," and he pointed out the tendency of
cabinet and other high officers,
carelessly enacted pension bills not to relieve
" His views on such points being not only fan-
real sufferers but to work in the interest of
tastic, but absolutely wrong. The colorless char-
speculative outsiders.
acter of his administration was largely due to his
Mr. Benton defended the presidential power having, in his anxiety to avoid blind and unreason-
of veto against the fierce attack of Clay-a ing adherence to party, committed the only less
power which, as Mr. Roosevelt well says, “ is serious fault of paying too little heed to party; for
among the best features of our government.” a healthy party spirit is pre-requisite to the per-
He advocated the removal of the Indians, and
formance of effective work in American political
life."
demonstrated that we had paid to them for
land purchases five times as much as we gave
Mr. Benton opposed the Wilmot Proviso, as
for Louisiana and about three times as much
well as Calhoun's famous resolutions declaring
as we paid for Louisiana, Florida, and Califor-
that Congress had no power to interfere with
nia. In relation to Florida at the close of the
slavery in the territories. As to slavery, he
said:
Seminole war, he insisted that what was
“ The incurability of the evil is the greatest ob-
then wanted was the armed cultivator to
jection to the extension of slavery. If it is wrong
take possession and keep possession, and he
for the legislator to inflict an evil which can be
exclaimed: “The heart of the Indian sickens
cured, how much more to inflict one that is in-
when he hears the crowing of the cock, the
curable, and against the will of the people who are
barking of the dog, the sound of the axe, to endure it forever! I quarrel with no one for


14
THE DIAL
[May,
H
---- --- ---- - - ----- - -
deeming slavery a blessing; I deem it an evil, and name. Though deserving of the remembrance
would neither adopt it nor impose it on others." of posterity on other grounds, we think his
Mr. Benton's objections on principle to a firmest hold on that remembrance, the “cue”
tariff for protection, and to internal improve that will instantly recall him, will be found
ments not justified under the Constitution ; in his steady adherence to hard, i. e. honest,
his long and sturdy contest for the disposi money, and the terrific war he waged on
tion of the public lands to actual settlers its behalf, whether in victory or defeat. . He
at a small cost ; his securing the enactment knew well that a metallic currency is of more
of the trading road from Missouri through vital importance to the laboring men and to
the Indian country to New Mexico; the men of small capital generally than to any of
triumphant passage of the “expunging” res the richer classes. He knew well that a craze
olutions; his then original suggestion that for “soft” money works directly in the in-
we should send foreign ministers to China, terest of “the money power,” which “its loud-
Japan, and Persia, “and even to the Grand mouthed advocates are ostensibly opposing."
Turk”; his early advocacy of the Pacific He predicted the collapse of 1837, and, re-
Railroad ; his conviction tbat the “still form ferring to the Whig proposition to repeal the
less and unshaped future" inevitably belonged specie circular and make the notes of the
to this nation, and his demand for continental banks receivable for federal dues, said:
development; his opposition to the Ashburton "The present bloat in the paper system cannot
treaty as surrendering something that be continue; violent contraction must follow enormous
longed to us; his position as to Oregon, expansion; a scene of distress and suffering must
Texas, California ; his feeling that all the ensue-to come of itself out of the present state of
unoccupied land to the Northwest was by things, without being stimulated and helped on by
right our heritage, for which he was willing
our unwise legislation. .... I am one of those
to do battle,-all these are graphically de-
who promised gold, not paper; I did not join in
putting down the Bank of the United States to
picted in these pages. Upon the bill for the
put up a wilderness of local banks. I did not join in
settlement of Oregon, he said as to England :
putting down the currency of a national bank to
“I grant that she will take offence, but that is put up a national paper currency of a thousand local
not the question with me. Has she a right to banks. I did not strike Cæsar to make Anthony
take offence? That is my question! And master of Rome.”
this being decided in the negative, I neither He did not believe in the issue of treasury
fear nor calculate consequences." Upon the
| notes, but unwillingly supported the bill of
question of the indemnity, he warns France
1837 for that purpose on account of the neces-
that in the event of a conflict it would have sities of the situation, in view of the fact that
to do with a branch of the same race which
the bill authorized their issue in such a form
“from the days of Agincourt and Crecy, of
that they could not become currency. They
Blenheim and Ramillies, down to the days of
bore interest; were transferable only by in-
Salamanca and Waterloo, has always known dorsement; were payable at a fixed time; were
perfectly well how to deal with the impetuous
not reissuable, and were to be cancelled when
and fiery courage of the French.”
paid. He championed with especial zeal the
And all through his public conduct, like great financial measures of the Van Buren
the golden strand of the Queen's Cable, runs
administration, providing for an independent
the aggressive loyalty which did such service in treasury and for hard money payments; and
the contest with the Nullifiers. The following he “ denounced the doctrine that it was the
is his own account of what took place in
government's duty to interfere in any way
reference to Calhoun's resolutions declaring
in private business; for, as usual in times of
that the Constitution carried slavery into the
general distress, a good many people had a
territories, proprio vigore:
vague idea that in some way the government
"Mr. Calhoun said he had expected the support ought to step in and relieve them from the
of Mr. Benton as the representative of a slave-
consequences of their own folly.”
holding State.' Mr. Benton answered that it was
The measures which Clay, as leader of the
impossible that he could have expected such a
Whigs, brought forward at the first session
thing. Then,' said Mr. Calhoun, I shall know
where to find that gentleman.' To which Mr.
after Tyler became President included bills to
Benton said: 'I shall be found in the right place, repeal the sub-treasury act, to establish a bank,
on the side of my country and the Union. This and to distribute the proceeds of the public
answer, given on that day and on the spot, is one land sales, thus indirectly assuming the debts
of the incidents of his life which Mr. Benton will
of the States. Benton fought them all, and
wish posterity to remember.”
neither ultimately remained upon the statute
We had, however, involuntarily placed at books. The distribution act was absolutely in-
the head of this article the nick-name, “Old defensible, and was repealed before it had time
Bullion,” because that appellation occurred to take effect. It is singular that Mr. Clay had
at once upon the suggestion of Mr. Benton's always been an enthusiastic advocate of such


1887.)
15
THE DIAL
a measure. The condition of the treasury narrow-minded, and always wilful and passionate;
becoming very bad, treasury notes with the
but he was honest and truthful. At all times and
quality of re-issuability were issued and offered
in all places he held every good gift he had com-
to the creditors of the government in the pro-
pletely at the service of the American Federal
Union."
portion of two-thirds paper and one-third
MELVILLE W. FULLER.
specie. Mr. Benton says that he determined
to resist this, and to make a case for the con-
sideration and judgment of Congress and the
RECENT POETRY.*
country, and to rouse the latter to a general re-
sistance. Accordingly he had a check drawn Mr. Browning's new volume has been before
for a few days' compensation as Senator, and the public for some little time, and has been
placed it in the hands of a messenger for col. received with that semi-humorous sort of com-
lection, inscribed, “ The hard, or a protest." ment which largely takes the place of serious
“ The hard " was not delivered; the protest criticism of his work. It may be admitted
followed (costing $1.75, "paid in the hard "'); that the perversity which carries him with
and Mr. Benton then brought the case before every new volume deeper and deeper into his
the Senate and the people, in a speech giving peculiar mannerisms affords some justification
a full account of the transaction and resulting for this treatment at the hands of the reviewer,
in the immediate stopping of the forced tender but it must not be forgotten that he is a very
of paper money.
great poet, one of the greatest of the rich
Tono statesman is this country more in period in which his years have fallen, and
debted than to Benton for the maintenance of those qualities which make him great deserve
correct views upon the true function of gov- attention no less than those that make him
ernment in relation to this question of “soft” almost unreadable. The “Parleyings" may be
money, in respect to which Bancroft declares: described as interviews reversed. The poet
"No powerful political party ever perma. has buttonholed “certain people of importance
nently rested for support on the theory that in their day," and has told them in his peculiar
it is wise and right. No statesman has been way what he thinks of them and their mundane
thought well of by his kind in a succeeding doings. Their own share in the conversa.
generation for having been its promotor." tion is reduced to a minimum, being about
Mr. Benton “ was a most loving father," and as great as Mr. Caudle's share in the famous
took the keenest delight in the successes of his “parleyings" of which he was the subject or
son-in-law, Colonel Fremont, and in the assist. the victim. These interviews are, of course,
ance rendered him by the courage and judg. put to use by the poet in the embodiment of
ment of Mrs. Fremont at a trying crisis in her his robustly optimistic philosophy. What.
husband's adventurous career. “He was an ever may be thought of optimism in general,
exceptionally devoted husband." “In public that of Mr. Browning has nothing of the shal-
as in private life, he was a man of sensitive lowness that characterizes most current ex-
purity of character," and his biographer re pressions of belief in the essential goodness of
cords an instance of the care he took to keep things. He makes no effort to reason evil out
his public acts free from the least suspicion of of existence, but boldly acknowledges its pres.
improper influence. He was counsel when ence, and finds for it a beneficent function.
elected to the Senate for a large number of
“Type needs antitype
land claimants, who required Congressional
As night needs day, as shine needs shade, so good
Needs evil; how were pity understood
action to complete success. He refused to act
Unless by pain ?"
longer for his clients, or even to designate his
In this philosophy, all the good of life comes
successor, so as not only to be quite unbiased |
in his action as Senator on the subject of the • PARLETINGS WITH CERTAIN PEOPLE OF IMPORTANCE
claims, " but not to have, nor to be suspected
IN THEIR DAT, etc. By Robert Browning. Boston:
Houghton, Mimin & Co.
of haring, any personal interest in the fate of IN DIVERS TONES. By Charles G. D. Roberts. Boston
any of them."
D, Lothrop Co.
TEX YEARS or soxg. By Horatio Nelson Powers.
"He was a faithful friend and a bitter foe: he
Boston D. Lothrop Co.
was vain, proud, utterly fearless, and quite upable THE HEART OF THE WEED. Boston Houghton, Mimin
to comprehend such emotions as are expressed by & Co.
the terms despondency and yielding. .... His
MADRIGALS AND CATCHES By Frank Dempster Sber.
abounding vitality and marvellous memory, his in.
man. New York White, Stokes, & Allen.
THE POEMS OF SIR JOHN SECKLING. Edited by Fred.
domitable energy and industry, and his tenacious
erick A. Stokes. New York: While, Stokes, & Allen.
persistency and personal courage, all combined to THE POEMS OF MADAME DE LA MOTHE GU rox. Edited
give him a position and influence such as few by the Rev. A. Saunders Dyer, M.A. New York: A. O.
American statesmen have ever held. His character Armstrong & Son.
grew steadily to the very last; he made better
BEDSIDE POETRY. A Parent's Assistant in Moral Dis.
speeches and was better able to face new problems
cipline. Compiled by Wendell P. Garrison. Boston D.
| Lothrop Co.
when past three score and ten than in his early
BALLADS OF BOOKS. Cbosen by Brander Matthews.
youth or niddle age. .... He was sometimes New York George J. Coombes.


16
THE DIAL
[May,
# What were life
-- -
through conflict-an easy happiness is no hap of hexameters. His volume contains no
piness.
pieces written in the pure hexameter, but
there are three in the elegiac form, and the
Did soul stand still therein, forego her strife
Througb the ambiguous Present to the goal
hexameters which form the alternate verses of
of some all-reconciling Future?'
these poems, or at least of one of them, “ The
Nature herself typifies for us these opposing
Pipes of Pan," are as good as any that have
moods of the soul; those alternations of hope
ever been made in English. Mr. Roberts has
and discontent, or rather those mergings of
held fast to the important fact that a trochee
unrest into hopeful content which checker the
cannot properly take the place of a spondee
spiritual life-
in this form of verse, a law which, if appre-
hended at all by Longfellow, Kingsley, and
"Morn is breaking there -
The granite ridge pricks through the mist, turns gold
most others who have attempted to write En-
As wrong turns right. O laughters manifold
glish hexameters, has been honored far more
of ocean's ripple at dull earth's despair!"
in the breach than in the observance. Let us
The serenity of soul which can formulate take the opening verses of “The Pipes of
this philosophy of life is as enviable as it is | Pan" as an illustration:
rare. If it is not the deepest view of life, it "Ringed with the flocking of bills, within shepherding
has at least been held by some of the wisest watch of Olympus
Tempe, vale of the gods, lles in green quiet withdrawn.
of men, and a place among these can hardly
Tempe, vale of the gods, deep couched amid woodland
be denied to Mr. Browning. It is, indeed, his and woodland,
wisdom ; his comprehensive grasp both of the Threaded with amber of brooks, mirrored in azure of
pools.
scheme of things and the details, and not his
All day drowsed with the sun, charm drunken with
power of poetic expression, which is, after all, moonlight at midnight,
comparatively moderate, that accounts for
Walled from the world forever under a vapor of
dreams, -
the strange hold he has taken upon the best
Hid by the shadows of dreams, not found by the curious
intellect of our age. He is a thinker before footstep,
being a poet. If expression had kept pace
Sacred and secret forever, Tempe, vale of the gods.
How, through the cleft of its bosom, goes sweetly the
with thought in his work, he would have but
water Peneus !
few peers among the great singers of the world. How by Peneus tbe sward breaks into saffron and blue!
As it is, his natural limitations, made more
How the long slope floored beech-gludes mount to the
wind.wakened uplands,
contracted, we cannot but believe, by perver-
Where, through flame buried Ash, troop the boofed ('en.
sity, have kept his verse far below the level Laurs at moru!**
of the high tide of song. An occasional wave, In the six hexameters which these twelve
to pursue the metaphor, may lift its crest | verses contain, there is not a single substitu-
mountain high, but most are checked in their tion of a trochaic two-syllabled word for the
rise by counter undulations, and cross currents spondee required by the verse. We should
of opposing phase divert their swelling energy not know where else in the language to look
into unprofitable ways.
for six consecutive hexameters as good as
A pleasant surprise comes to us in the shape these, Such words as “ woodland," "slope-
of a volume by Mr. Charles G. D. Roberts, floored," and beech-glades," make as good
professor of English literature at King's Col. | spondaic feet as any to be found in Greek or
lege, Windsor, Nova Scotia. The Canadian | Latin; the enormous difficulty of finding
poets are practically unknown in this country, enough of such words is what makes the com-
with the exception of Fréchette, and we position of English hexameters practically im.
hardly think of bim as an American poet, be possible upon any large scale. On the whole,
cause he writes in the French language. But the finest of the poems before us are those
a poet of the power of Mr. Roberts ought not which are suggested by classical subjects,
to remain unfamiliar to anyone who cares for although there is only the barest suggestion
poetry, and we take pleasure in calling atten. of the sort in the one which we like best of all
tion to the collection which he has entitled _" The Isles, An Ode.” The poems called
"In Divers Tones." That it is a volume of “ Out of Pompeii," " A Ballad of ('alypso,"
very uneven quality is the first thing to be and - Off Pelorus," are particularly fine. The
said. Perhaps the greater number of the latter is the story of Odysseus and the Sirens
pieces which it contains are of the mediocre I told in the present tense by one of the com.
sort of verse of which far too much bax panions of the King. These are the closing
already been written. But there are also many i stanzas of the poem:
poems of quite surprising beauty, and it is to 'Mark the laring music by his eyes wild gearning.
them that we will chiefly direct our attention ,
Well we kurs the song, the subtle words and burning.
The most prominent characteristic of this
this Sung to him, the su bile king of burning words
verse is found in its harmony and its melodiy, i Mucb-enduring Wanderer, wondroge tongued, come
Mr. Roberts has an ear for the music of poetry
which is rare even among ports. Of this, quite 1
Sage of princes, bane of Ilion's lofty walls,
er in all the popukus earth befalls
a crucial text is afforded by his construction! We will teach thee, to thine utterinost desire.
Egrer lits, and mighty straining at the cori!
Digter !
W bat


1887.]
17
THE DIAL
"So, we rise up twain and make his bonds securer.
** The thrush's song is sweet and low;
Seethes the startled sen now from the surging blade
A water spirit stins the ferns
Leaps the dark ship fortb, a we, with hearts grown i
Down where the silvery trickles tow
surer,
O'er emerald brims of sylvan uros.
Eyes averse, and war worn faces made afraid,
"On leafy glade and granite walls
*O'er the waste warm reaches drive our prow, sea.
The sunshine's inisty splendors stream.
cleaving
Afar a lone dove sorrowing calls
Past the luring death, into the folding night.
As If tbe wood moaned in its drenm.
Home shall hold us yet, and cease our wives from
grieving,--
"I see where purple lichens glow,
Safe from storm, and toil, and name, and changing
Where inosses drink supreme content,
tight."
Where sprends the clematis, like snow.
The curtains of its spotless tent."
“ The Isles-An Ode" is a poem which itself
well illustrates the rare mood of which it sings.
In “ Concord Bridge” we have a human sug.
gestion linked with the idealized description
* Faithful reports of them have reached me oft !
Many their embassage to mortal court,
of such verses as those just given.
By golden pomp, and breathless heard consort
"I go where the pines of the lane
of music soft,-
Sing low to the beautiful stream,
By fragrances accredited, and dreams."
With an awe like the throbbing of pain,
That clearness of spiritual vision which comes
With a wonder like one in a dream.
The scent of the meadow is sweet.
with but a few favored hours in a lifetime has,
The landscape in dewy calm lies,
perhaps, never found finer expression than in
Holy ground is under my feet,
these lines:-
And holy the light to my eyes.
" How still is tbe bridge in the sun,
** One moment throbs the hearing. yearns the sight.
With the fairy reflections below;
But tho' not far, yet strangely hid-the way,
How softly the cool waters run
And our sense slow, nor long for us delay
Where the beds of the popd-lilies blow
The guider their right!
The splendid white lilies that lie
The breath goes by; the word, the light, elude;
Subtle scented in passionless rest
And we stay wondering. But there comes an hour
With bosorns of gold to the sky,
or Atness perfect and unfeitered mood,
When splits her husk the finer sense with power,
Like saints in the peace of the blest.'
And-yon their palm trees tower !
And then at times the singer rises from his
* Here Homer came, and Milton came, tho' blind.
loving contemplation of the incidents of nature
Omar's deep doubts still found them nigh and nigher,
and human life to more abstract heights, and
And learned them fashioned to the heart's desire.
The supreme mind
his vision comprehends “the scheme of things
Or Shakspere took their sovereignty, and smiled. entire," to him no " sorry” one, broadly con-
Those passionate Israelitish lips that poured
sidered, for faith in the unseen satisfies the
The song or songs attained them; and the wild
Child heart of Shelley, bere from strife restored, questionings which a limited personal experi.
Remembers not life's sword."*
ence puts to the soul.
The remainder of Mr. Roberts's volume does
* We see the edge of things, brief gleams of day,
not call for special mention. There are a num-
Twinkles and coruscations in the night,
ber of patriotic poems, which seem a little
We hear faint bits of symphonies that play
Far in the awful depths beyond our sight
perfunctory, with the exception of the one
And so we doubt, krope, lear, and wonder why
called * Canada." Better than these are the Our little life should just be born to die."
pieces descriptive of Canadian scenes. Their But a larger survey dispels the doubts sug.
expression is carefully thought out, and their gested by the limitations of the individual,
local color is decided. The sonnet on “The and the questioner can still confidently pro-
Potato Harvest" is a good example of these, ! claim that
and is a fine piece of poetic realism.
** Through all that is eternal order runs:
No unpractised hand has penned the verses i No fragment is the scripture of the whole.
gathered under the title of “ Ten Years of
Henven over heaven, star-deeps, and countless suns
Are tuned in concert with the inner soul.
Song." Dr. Powers has long held a place in
Seen and unseen in one perfection blend, -
the affections of those to whom the simple Cycle and epicycle without end."
poetry of every-day life appeals. The senti. We leave Dr. Powers's volume with the re-
ment of the household, the joys of friendship’luctance with which one brings to an end his
and the pangs of bereavement, the emotions converse with some large-hearted and sympa-
of the religious life, and the rapture of com- ; thetic friend. Sympathetic his verse is above
munion with nature, form the themes of his ' all things else-with every fine human en-
unpretentious but deeply serious song. The deavor or aspiration; with every beauty of
simplicity of his verse is deceptive in the nature or art.
respect that it so well conceals the art of its “To win the secret of the weed's plain
fashioning. Nothing could be at once simpler heart” is perhaps a task no less difficult than
and more carefully thought out than these to pluck out the heart of life's mystery in
stanzas from “Cor Cordium," for example: its higher and more significant developments.
** The freshness of the woods is mine.
The anonymous author of “The Heart of the
Ille in baths of mountain air,
Weed" has touched with rare skill upon some
The forest's depths of beech and pine
Yold grundly round me everywhere.
of the lesser emotions of life; or, rather, upon


18
THE DIAL
[May,
-- =---------
those less intense phases of emotion which The “Madrigal and Catches” of Mr. Frank
make up so much of our every-day existence. Dempster Sherman form a volume of singu-
* While here we sit and watch the after-glow larly delicate lyrical trifles, composed after
of the fair sun scarce sunk behind the hill,
the fashion set, or rather reset, by Austin
Its twilight loveliness my heart doth thrill.”
Dobson. “A lyric,” says the singer,
It is the mild after-glow rather than the fierce
“A lyric is a tiny bird, -
noontide of passion that we find in the verses
Gay lover of the garden blooms,-
before us. The settled calm that comes when
Whose little heart is ever stirred
grief is well spent ; the willingness to re-
By colors and perfumes."
nounce, having found strife too costly; the This definition would hardly suit the great-
gentle mood of sympathy and the pathos of hearted song of Shelley or of Keats, but it fits
past joys remembered fill the quiet pages of a the verse before us fairly well. Mr. Sherman,
volume whose elusive charm is sure to haunt ! too, gives us a few sonnets and verses in
the reader after he has laid it aside. The French metres, in addition to the simpler
poems are mostly sonnets ; many of them stanzaic forms of most vers de société. What-
incidental and personal, and others abstract. ever the form he undertakes, his workmanship
We select one which is fairly indicative of the is very deft. The following piece is fairly
spirit which pervades them all, and which has, representative, and not notably better than
besides, a figurative wealth which makes it many of the others. It is called “A Persian
conspicuous among its fellows.
Nocturne.”
“ Teach me some charm to send joy through thy heart
“O nightingale among the leaves
In a glad tide, and sweep all grief away,
Who singest to the blushing rose,
As when the golden, glorious light of day
Thy liquid, mellow music cleaves
Rises behind the hills, with beams that dart
The garden's fragrance where it goes!
Through the pale courts of night, cleaving apart
Who taught thy feathered slender throat
Cloud shadowy doors, on its triumphant way
This strange, delicious, limpid note,
Sweeping far o'er the fields, across the bay,
Which soaring skyward through the dark
Waking the white-winged ships with sudden start,
In swift, melodious pursuit,
And paving for their course a path of gold,
Tempts all the trembling stars to hark,
As through the lambent waves they swiftly glide,
And all the rustling leaves be mute?
Soon lost in gold and crimson, out of sight,
“Teach me thy song, O bappy bird,
Or, if I may not know the joy untold,
That, 'neath the window of my love,
Myself to make thee happy, let me guide
My lips may speak some honeyed word
Thee forth to happiness, afar from my love's night.”
With wings to waft it up above;
Of the sonnets upon incidental themes, the best
And when she comes her starry eyes
Shall sbame their rivals in the skies:-
is perhaps that suggested by Millet's “Shepherd
Her cheeks shall mock the rose;-and thou,
Leading his Sheep Home at Twilight.” “Few
Beholding what thou thinkest thine,-
of the many sonnets which famous pictures
Perched lightly on the lofty bough,-
have inspired are as successful as this.
Shalt leave thy rose, and sing to mine!"
“ In beauty fades the softly dying sky,
Mr. Frederick A. Stokes has prepared a
With quiet sweep of twilight loveliness
new edition (the first American one) of the
The wide and simple landscape seems to bless,
poems of Sir John Suckling. It differs from
While in the lessening light is heard no sigh
Or sound, save as the sheep go rustling by.
the edition of the Rev. Alfred Suckling in
A serried troop, with hanging heads, they pass,
containing many pieces which that does not
Intent on cropping the short dewy grass,
Heedless of beauties that above them lie.
include, and from the later edition of 1874 in
Naught breaks on the unconscious solitude
omitting those pieces which are offensive to
of nature; e'en the shepherd's musing form
modern taste. The editor contributes a bio-
Seems but a part of all the beauty there;
graphical preface and numerous notes. The
With head down-bent, as in the twilight warm,
From conscious thought 'neath nature's spell subdued gracefully-written preface sums up the im-
He wanders dreaming through the golden air.
portant facts of the poet's life, and treats of
It is a little surprising, in view of the sim his verse with fine critical appreciation. This
ple and unaffected character of the greater is the general characterization given by Mr.
number of these poems, that a considerable Stokes: “The path which Suckling's verse
section of them should be written in the ex takes never scales sublime heights, but runs
otic forms of the triolet and the rondel. These through fields where music and laughter are
forms are handled with no less mastery than heard, where beauty is seen, and where-
the natural forms of sonnet and song, as may there are occasionally stormy days. His imagi-
be illustrated by one of the four triolets on nation never awes, nor does his feeling stir us
“Love's Seasons." We take the first of the deeply; but his fancy pleases us, his wit and
series, “ Spring."
gayety provoke a smile, and his careless ease
“ Through the soft, tender green of Spring,
and grace charm us.” The mechanical execu-
When birds loud sing old Winter's knell,
tion of the volume is exceedingly tasteful.
Young Love peeps out, a winsome thing,
Through the soft, tender green of Spring;
Dimensions, paper, and typography are all at-
His pretty looks such joyance bring
tractive. As a frontispiece we have a beauti-
That hearts, like birds, with rapture swell,
ful etching of the poet's head, after the painting
Through the soft, tender green of Spring,
When birds loud sing old Winter's knell."
by Vandyke. The editor of the volume being


1887.]
THE DIAL
19
- - --
at the same time its publisher, the wishes of six each from Clough, Coleridge, and Cowper.
the one have not been, as is so often the case, | It was a good idea to put together on oppo-
out of harmony with the ideas of the other, site pages the “Not once or twice, in our
and the result of the rare combination is a rough island-story” from Tennyson's “Wel.
singularly charming volume.
lington," and the “Life may be given in many
A new edition of Cowper's translations from ways" from Lowell's “Commemoration Ode."
Madame Guyon will be welcome to all lovers Mr. Brander Matthews's volume of “Bal-
of religious poetry. “That great and beauti lads of Books” will be likely to find its way
ful soul, the very thought of whom always into every library that is worthy of the name,
fills me with reverence," says Schopenhauer, for no true bibliophile can fail to open both
speaking of the saintly author of these fervid | his heart and his shelves to this dainty collec-
hymns, and the sentiment will be echoed by tion of verses in praise of his idols. To avoid
all who have ever come in contact with that any possible misapprehension, the editor says:
steadfast soul whose faith no reverses could “As a whole this collection is devoted rather
shake, and whose love no baser passions could to books than to literature. The poems in the
alloy. To the translations of Cowper five following pages celebrate the bric-a-brac of
others, by an unnamed translator, have been the one rather than the masterpieces of the
added, and the Rev. A. Saunders Dyer has other. The stanzas here garnered into one
provided an introduction and a biographical sheaf sing of books as books, of books valuable
sketch. This editorial matter, being unneces- | and valued for their perfection of type and
sarily unctuous, as well as written from the page and printing,—for their beauty and for
narrow Anglican standpoint, is not very valu- their rarity,-or for their association with
able, but the verse which it introduces is one some famous man or woman of the storied
of the classics of religious literature and is past.” While this is doubtless true of the
very acceptable in this new and neat edition. majority of the pieces, yet there are some
Mr. Garrison's compilation of “Bedside among them which voice the praises of litera-
Poetry” is designed as an aid to parents in ture itself in no equivocal strain. Miss Cone's
the inculcation of moral sentiments in their “An Invocation in a Library," the Leigh
children. It consists of short pieces, easily Hunt sonnet, and Lord Lytton’s “ The Souls
intelligible for the most part, and selected as | of Books” are decidedly pieces of this sort.
appropriate for “closing the infant day at the On the other hand, the strictly bibliophile
bedside with some well-chosen reading, as a verse of obson, Lang, and Locker, gives to
prelude to peaceful slumbers.” Incidentally, the collection its main character, and many
also, they are intended to aid in the develop- earlier poets, who have penned verses in the
ment of literary taste in the young. The same vein, contribute their bits of rhyme to
latter object is to be attained by such a course, the swelling chorus of the praise of bindings
we fancy, more easily than the former. Mr. and rare editions and historic copies. Crabbe's
Garrison is evidently of the somewhat disput- | “The Library” is added as an appendix, being
able opinion that morality is a thing to be | at once too long and too serious to find a place
largely developed, if not created, by precept. in the body of the work, and too good to be
At any rate, the impetus likely to be given to left out altogether. It should be mentioned
the moral growth of a child by any manner of that a large number of the pieces have been
precept can be much better bestowed in some written expressly for this collection, and ap-
such way as this than by directly didactic in- pear in it for the first time.
struction. The selections are provided with
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE.
what the compiler calls a'“ key to the morali-
ties” which are “imaged” by them. For
example, if a child is to be fortified in the
“ morality ” which Mr. Garrison entitles
GOETHE AND CARLYLE.*
“Adam å democratic ancestor,” the parent The few precious memorials of the friend-
will read to it Selection 38, which examinationship between Goethe and Carlyle, which Mr.
shows to be the familiar stanza about “the Norton has, with considerate pains, rescued
gardener Adam and his wife," from “Lady from oblivion, are a grateful gift to the ad-
Clara Vere de Vere.” If the “morality" mirers of these eminent men. Goethe had
called “death the common portion ” need to passed the venerable age of three-score and
be enforced, Selection 49 may be turned to, ten, when Carlyle, youthful and obscure, ven-
and it will be found to consist of the song of tured to address him a note with a copy of his
the princes in “Cymbeline.” Of the selec translation of “Wilhelm Meister's Appren-
tions themselves little need be said. They are ticeship.” It was the offering of a reverent
good, although they have the appearance of student to an august master.
having been chosen in a haphazard sort of |
way. There are 86 of them altogether, ten
being from Emerson, eight from Lowell, and ! & Co.
* CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN GOETHE AND CARLYLE.
Edited by Charles Eliot Norton. New York: Macmillan


20
[May,
THE DIAL
“Four years ago,” he wrote, “when I read your accept, “that so something which she had
Faust' among the mountains of my native Scot- handled, and which had been hers, might be
land, I could not but fancy I might one day see
in your hands and be yours.”. Thenceforth, to
you, and pour out before you, as before a Father,
the end of their correspondence, Mrs. Carlyle
the woes and wanderings of a heart whose mys.
teries you seemed so thoroughly to comprehend
| has some personal share in every letter and
and could so beautifully represent. The hope of
parcel that passes between the two authors.
meeting you is still among my dreams. Many În acknowledgment of the purse, Goethe sends
saints have been expunged from my literary calen- her a pretty necklace, and to Carlyle “a most
dar since I first knew you; but your name still dashing pocket-book,” with books and sundry
stands there, in characters more bright than ever.” other valuable souvenirs. Carlyle writes in
Carlyle had then been poring over German due appreciation of these inestimable pos-
authors for five years, catching his first in- | sesions :
spiration for the effort from the perusal of "This little drawing-room may now be said to
Madame de Staël's “L'Allemagne.” He had be full of you. My translations from your works
encountered many obstacles in the pursuit, already stood, in fair binding, in the bookcase, and
German books and teachers at that date being
portraits of you lay in portfolios; during our late
extremely difficult to procure. A schoolfellow
absence in the country, some good genius, to prepare
a happy surprise for us, had hung up, in the best
had helped him to a knowledge of the lan-
framing and light, a large picture of you, which we
guage, over which he rapidly obtained a com-
understand to be the best resemblance; and now
mand. His first study was of the works of your medals lie on the mantlepiece; your books, in
Schiller, and bore immediate fruit in a life of their silk paper covers, have displaced even Tasso's
the author, published in 1823. It was the be Gerusalemme; and from more secret recesses your
ginning of that long series of writings by handwriting can be exhibited to favored friends.
which he quickened the minds of his country.
It is thus that good men may raise for themselves a
men to an appreciation of the treasures of
little sanctuary in houses and hearts that lie far
away. The tolerance, the kindness with which
German literature hitherto almost unknown to
you treat my labors in German literature must not
them.
mislead me into vanity, but encourage me to new
His modest salutation to the great genius of effort in appropriating what is Beautiful and True,
Germany in 1824 met with a gracious response wheresoever and howsoever it is to be found.”.
in the form of a letter and a set of Goethe's Goethe manifested from the first a deep
poems. The favored recipient hastened to lay | interest in his English correspondent, and
before Miss Welsh the priceless epistle, which besought him for particulars of his past life.
ended with the hearty good wishes and the Carlyle replied with characteristic fervor:
signature of the poet in his own hand. “Con-
“How often have I longed to pour out the whole
ceive my satisfaction," he writes to her, with
history before you! As it is, your works have been
boyish enthusiasm; "it was almost like a mes a mirror to me; unasked and unhoped for, your
sage from Fairy Land.” Then he directs her, I wisdom has counselled me; and so peace and health
with tender care, to cherish the document as
of soul have visited me from afar. For I was once
the most valuable of her literary relics, a token
an unbeliever, not in religion only, but in all the
“of him whom I most venerate and her whom
mercy and beauty of which it is the symbol; storm-
tossed in my own imagination; a man divided from
I most love in this strangest of all possible
men; exasperated, wretched, driven almost to de-
worlds."
spair; so that Faust's mild curse seemed the only
Nearly three years elapse, when Carlyle ex- | fit greeting for human life. ... But now, thank
presses renewed gratitude to the beloved Heaven, all this is altered : without change of ex-
teacher, with the presentation of his “Life of ternal circumstances, solely by the new light which
Schiller,” his translation of “ Wilhelm Mei.
rose upon me, I attained to new thoughts, and a
ster's Travels,” and other studies in German
composure which I should once have considered
as impossible. And now, under happier omens,
literature. His indebtedness is declared in
though the bodily health which I lost in these
feeling terms:
struggles has never been and may never be restored
“If I have been delivered from darkness into any to me, I look forward with cheerfulness to a life
measure of light, if I know aught of myself and spent in literature, with such fortune and such
my duties and destination, it is to the study of strength as may be granted me; hoping little and
your writings more than to any other circumstance fearing little from the world; having learned that
that I owe this; it is you more than any other man what I once called happiness is not only not to be
that I should always thank and reverence with the attained on earth, but not even to be desired."
feeling of a disciple to his Master, nay, of a son to In the midst of their correspondence, Car-
his spiritual Father."
lyle removes to Craigenputtoch, and Goethe is
In this second communication, Carlyle intro minutely curious as to his friend's new situa-
duces his young wife, to whom he had been tion and surroundings. He tries to picture to
six months married, to the notice of the poet; himself the valley of the Frith, with Dum-
and she, as her tribute to the revered author, fries on its left bank, according to Carlyle's
proffers a purse, the work of “ dainty fingers description. He studies such local maps as
and true love," which Goethe is entreated to can be obtained for precise information, but,


1887.]
21
THE DIAL
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
dissatisfied with the results, asks for drawings
of Carlyle's house and of views from its win-
dows. These are willingly transmitted, and
are ultimately inserted by him in the German
translation of Carlyle's “Life of Schiller,”
which Goethe stamped with his high approval
in a preface marked by just and discriminat-
ing praise of the book and its author.
Until Goethe's death, in 1832, letters and
packets travelled to and fro several times each
year between Weimar and the lonely retreat
amid the black moors, “two hours' riding”
from Dumfries. They were freighted with
kindly words and delicate evidences of affec-
tion, which strengthened and vivified an
earnest and abiding friendship. The secluded
home at Craigenputtoch, to which Carlyle had
resorted that he might not have to write for
bread, might not be tempted to tell lies for
money,” was richer than a royal palace, on the
arrival of a little fir-box from Germany. No
lady in Scotland was so distinguished as she
who bent over its daintily-packed contents,
and uncovered the bracelet, the brooch, the
card bearing poetical messages addressed to
her by the great man whom, of all the world,
she and her husband held in the highest
regard. With a perfect courtesy and tender-
ness, Carlyle had included her in all his inter-
course with Goethe. She was the queen to
whom both paid a loyal deference honorable.
to her and to them. Such rare distinctions
were a noble recompense for the sacrifices
she voluntarily assumed as the companion of
Carlyle.
The letters of Goethe are printed in this
volume in the original German and also in an
English version. They are infused with a
spirit of majestic calm, the utterances of a
lofty and catholic nature, accustomed to ven-
eration which is accepted with quiet grace, and
looking out upon all mankind with large and
humane vision. Goethe's esteem for Carlyle
was sincere, and their correspondence was a
source of undoubted gratification to him. He
was pleased with the homage of the enthusi-
astic young scholar, and grateful for the
powerful aid he gave in promoting a literary
interchange between the thoughtful minds of
England and Germany. Goethe longed for
the era of universal good-will among nations,
and to hasten its advent he encouraged every
effort which tended to increase their knowl.
edge of each other and consequently their
unity of feeling.
To render complete the history of the re-
lations between Goethe and Carlyle, Prof.
Norton has enclosed with their correspondence
the preface to the German translation of Car-
lyle's “Life of Schiller,” and a number of
letters exchanged by Eckermann and Carlyle.
SARA A. HUBBARD,
MRS. SILSBEE'S “Half Century in Salem "
(Houghton, Mifflin & Co.) gives many interesting
glimpses of life in that old town in the early part
of the present century, when Salem was the second
place of importance in New England. The collec-
tion of sketches, therefore, had more than a local
interest; for it describes the manners, customs and
habits of a peculiar people, and conditions of life
which no longer exist. Among the citizens of
Salem at that period were many who had acted
important parts in the founding of the republic, and
were shining lights in the local history of the State.
Here lived Timothy Pickering, the soldier and
statesman, and Secretary of War during the admin-
istration of Washington, Judge Story of the U. S.
Supreme Court, Dr. Nathaniel Bowditch the great
mathematician, and a race of merchant princes
whose commerce covered the ocean and had scarcely
any rivals in the ports of New York and Boston.
Of all the seaports of the continent, Salem had then
the lead in the East Indian, South American, and
Pacific Ocean trade. Its wharves were crowded with
shipping, its warehouses with foreign merchandise,
and its custom-house and streets were busy with
commerce. With the wealth which attended this
era of prosperity came also opportunities for ease
and culture which made Salem one of the social
and intellectual centres of the country. The peo-
ple, therefore, who are described in Mrs. Silsbee's
book are many of them noteworthy persons. We
are accustomed to think that the political contests
of our day are unduly rancorous; but they are noth-
ing compared with the bitterness of partisan strife
in the days of our fathers, when Federalists and
Democrats would not dance in the same ball-room
or recognize each other in the street, and in Salem
would not live in the same part of the town. Mrs.
Silsbee lets us look into the home life and social
amusements of the town, and gives pleasant ac-
counts of its prominent citizens. Nathaniel Haw-
thorne, who was not born till 1804, came too late
upon the scene to be mentioned; and Henry K.
Oliver, the popular composer of hymn tunes, is
mentioned only as a school teacher. The shops of
Salem were generally kept by women, as their
husbands and brothers were at sea or had perished
by shipwreck. It has often been mentioned, as a
New England custom of that period, to take at
dinner pudding before the meats. Mrs. Silsbee
says that this was the custom only at a Federal
dinner; for the Democrats began with soup and
meats and ended with pudding.
MR. E. C. Dawson's life of James Hannington
(Randolph & Co.) has a two-fold value: that de-
rived from the record of a brave Christian spirit,
and that pertaining to an account of the efforts of
the English Church in the establishment of mission
stations in Central Africa. Dr. Hannington was
the first bishop appointed to the diocese of East
Equatorial Africa. He occupied the office a little
more than a year, receiving consecration in June
1884, arriving at Frere Town on the African coast
in January 1885, and falling a victim to the treach-
ery of Mwanga, the successor of Mtèsa, king of the
Masais, in October of the same year. His life was
cut short at the close of his thirty-eighth year, but
the work crowded into the later portion of it was
so noble and useful in
so noble and useful in its aim and results that his


22
(May,
THE DIAL
name secured lasting honor in the places where he many hearts. Only we have a sort of suspicion all
moved. He was born to the easy position of a man the time that our invalid is something of a malade
of fortune, and his tastes were those of a naturalist imaginaire.
and a lover of travel and adventure. He was active
and high-spirited, and had many social gifts; but at CASSELL'S “Complete Pocket Guide to Europe"
the age of twenty-one the religious tendency of his is the little volume which has heretofore been pub-
nature asserted itself, and he resolved to enter the lished with the imprint of J. R. Osgood & Co. It
ministry. After his ordination he threw himself is certainly a "pocket" guide, almost a “vest-
ardently into the work he had chosen. When the pocket" one; its " completeness" admits of some
field for missionary service was opened on the question. It makes a great effort to cover the whole
shores of the Victoria Nyanza, he was strongly ground, and even includes Russia, the Scandinavian
moved to join the little band of laborers who gave countries, and Spain and Portugal. It allows the
themselves to the cause. In 1882 he left his curate reader just four months in which to see all the
ship at St. George's Chapel, Hurstpierpoint, where most interesting sections of Europe," including the
he had ministered faithfully and with signal effect remote countries just mentioned. It undoubtedly
seven years; he parted with his wife and three little contains more information in proportion to its size
ones, and joined the party sent to reinforce the than any other guide-book published. One caution,
mission at Uganda, prepared for an absence of five
however, should have been omitted. The editor
years. The hardship and illness from which he says, “It is not wise to restrict one's self in amount
suffered incredibly during the inland journey in
of baggage." But if this is true, the first addition
Africa rendered an immediate return home impera-
a traveller should make to his impedimenta is a
tive for the preservation of his life. He reached
complete outfit of Baedekers and Hares, thus mak-
England a year after his departure; but, recovering
ing the “pocket guide-book" quite superfluous.
his health, determined to renew the undertaking he
The statements of the book are reasonably accurate
had reluctantly abandoned. The rest of his story
į and up to date. In a very hasty examination, we
has been briefly outlined. It is told at length by have noticed a few errors. The Hotel Splendide at
his biographer, and repeats the experience of the
Paris ceased to exist about a year ago; it is still
heroic men who, animated by the spirit of Living
given here. The Goethe collections at Weimar are
stone, have borne toil, anguish, and death, in the visible every day of the week but Monday; we are
endeavor to carry civilization to the benighted told here that they are only to be seen on Friday.
African.
The statement that all steamers now land passengers
directly at the Liverpool docks is inaccurate. Some
THERE are some books which have for us pre of them still send their passengers by tender to the
cisely the interest of clever conversation, which are landing-stages. The page devoted to ocean steam.
written exactly as a man would speak, which give | boat fares is very inaccurate. The highest rates on
us the impression that we are listening to some the North German Lloyd and the French line are
one's voice rather than reading from the printed given as $100 and $110, respectively, whereas they
page. A book of this description is before us should be $175 and $120. No mention is made of
just now. It is called "A Club of One," and pro the most important of the Allan lines, that from
fesses to consist of " passages from the note-book Quebec to Liverpool. We think that even a con-
of a man who might have been sociable" (Hough- ! densed guide-book might have found room for a
ton, Mifflin & Co). It consists entirely of talk of line definitely mentioning the carved stalls of
a familiar kind indulged in by a dyspeptic of cul- ! Amiens Cathedral, and Rauch's statue of Queen
ture and refinement. The culture is not very broad Luise at Charlottenburg Instances of this sort of
but it is genuine as far as it goes, and there can be omission might be multiplied; we have given enough
no question about the refinement. The "man who to show that the present guide has its failings like
might have been sociable" is represented as an all other.
invalid confined for the most part to his house and
his books, with a retentive memory for little things, Tue work of Dr. John Bascom on “Sociology"
and an epigrammatic way of expressing himself. (Putnam) aims, in the author's words, to cover "a
Although made unsociable by indigestion and a large field suggestively, rather than a narrow field
mild cynicism, he is not without a faculty of exhaustively. This admission precludes any criti.
shrewd observation, and this he has put to use, ascism based upon unsystematic treatment or omission
many pages will testify. Here is a characteristic of important subjects, and leaves room only for
bit: "I hate disputation. My wife- It is not dis. that which is concerned with matters of detail and
cussion. It is next thing to scolding. Gentlemen | with the general tendency of the work. This
ought to be able to talk without disputing; though general treatment of the subject is made all the
no gentleman will introduce into conversation . ! more necessary by the author's sceptical attitude
subject upon which gentlemen might differ with toward the results claimed by Mr. Spencer and
feeling. That is the test. A very good man, as other writers upon sociology. He says: ** It is
the world goes, comes in to sit with me an evening. even yet early to speak of sociology. But little
The politenesses have hardly been exchanged, when progress has been made in the combination of
he asks my view of something. The view he at social, civil, economic, religious and ethical terms
once takes to be a deliberate opinion, and falls to of growth, into a sociology that shall enable us to
combating it, by giving me his opinion of it to the understand the orbit of society, and to detine, in
contrary. As if I cared particularly what he reference to both the past and the future, the posi.
thought about it! We should like to make fur tion actually occupied by us in it." While we
ther extracts from this charming volume. There is should dissent from Dr. Bascom's views as to the
a tine descant upon the northeast wind, for example, value of what has already been accomplished in the
and a very feeling series of reflections upon amateur science, we cheerfully ahmit that much is being
musicians which would find responsive echoes in done in an ill-considered way to accomplish a union


1887.)
23
THE DIAL
between departments of sociological science which to the book upon Cuba entitled “Due South.” It
it were better to develop separately for some time takes the reader through the northern countries
yet to come. He remarks very justly: “ The phases of Europe-Norway, Sweden, Russia, and Russian
of action embodied in society are so distinct-as, for Poland, which are not yet so commonly visited
example, those of Political Economy and of Ethics and described as to have become hackneyed topics.
as to admit of separate, profitable discussion. In It touches upon every point which an intelligent
deed, not till we have considered these separately and observant tourist, seeking for the largest
are we ready for their combination in human inter amount of trustworthy knowledge, would find most
course. Each one of these fields admits of distinct significant and impressive. His route ran from
principles narrowly applied, and has closer terms Copenhagen to Christiana, Bergen, Lund, and the
of union than the entire field." In the variety of North Cape; thence across country to Stockholm
subjects touched upon in this volume, Dr. Bascom and Upsala, and so on to St. Petersburg, Mos.
gives renewed evidence of a comprehensive and cow, Nijni Novgorod, and Warsaw. Diversions
philosophically disposed mind, as well as of powers of from this main path were made whenever objects
keen insight, and direct and incisive expression of of importance offered sufficient attraction. The
thought. The work has not only the suggestiveness most noteworthy observations of Mr. Ballou in Rus-
which he modestly claims for it, but qualities of a sia and Poland concerned the policy and action of
much more substantial character.
the government. His observations led him to be-
lieve that the reports of the hermit-like seclusion of
"THE Conflict of the East and West in Egypt " the emperor and his fear of violence from the people
(Putnam) is the title of a valuable monograph of are exaggerations ; that he is the most liberal.
two hundred pages, by John Eliot Bowen, Ph.D. | minded of the Romanoffs that have yet sat on the
Beginning with the reign of Mehemet Ali, and imperial throne; that he has the best good of his
sketching rapidly the conquests and administrative subjects at heart, and purposes even to grant them
reforms of this “ Peter the Great of Egypt,” as he a constitution in due time, and that he has modified
has been called, it brings the history of Egypt, and the penal system of the country to such an extent
of England's intervention in the affairs thereof, that exile to Siberia has become a light punishment
down to the conclusion of Lord Wolseley's expedi. compared with captivity in European or American
tion, fruitful only in delays and disasters, for the prisons. In studying Polish affairs, Mr. Ballou ar-
relief of Gen. Gordon in Khartām. It traces the rived at conclusions similarly opposed to the popu.
miseries and crushing financial burdens which lar opinion: viz., that the people are much more
Egypt has had to endure, not to England's rapacity, prosperous and happy, and all classes in a surer line
but to the ambitious and wild schemes of Ismail, of progress, than they were before the much-
which are set forth in detail, and which were un lamented partition, or would be again were the old
dertaken in order "to make a civilized country out régime restored.
of uncivilized materials, and to develop trade
where natural resources were wanting, let the cost The new volume by Dr. Charles C. Abbott, en-
be what it might.” Dr. Bowen attaches some titled “ Waste-Land Wanderings" (Harperg), pos-
blame to greedy European money lenders, but he sesses the varied and delightful characteristics
shows, by the clear proof of facts and figures, that which have given his books a favored place among
the chief burden of responsibility for Egypt's the writings of naturalists. His habitual field of ob-
troubles rests upon Ismail, and he discredits Mr. servation is in the environs of Trenton, New Jersey,
Seymour Keay's "Tale of Shame," though to which he has devoted his leisure hours during a
the latter ** supports his arguments with many lifetime. Every spare fragment of the day finds
italics, small capitals, and exclamation points." him out-of-doors quietly studying the aspects of
England, reasonably anxious to secure and preserve earth and sky and the indications of animal life
the shortest route to her possessions in India, and about him. In the woods and fields and on the
pot justly chargeable with blame that she looked water he is equally at home, everywhere finding
after the interests of her subjects who held the new facts to add to his stock of scientific knowledge.
bonds of Egypt, did what it was right to do, and Every species of living creature, wild and domestic,
what any power would have done in the same cir. attracts his attention; yet he seems to dwell most
cumstances; she intervened, at the Khedive's upon the birds, perhaps because they are more
urgent request, in the affairs of Egypt. All the common than other untamed things, and are more
steps leading to and following this intervention, pleasing. The records contained in the present
the story of Arabi's rebellion and of the opera. volume have been accumulated while boating on
tions in the Sadan, are graphically described by Dr. Crosswicks Creek, the uppermost tide-water stream
Bowen, who, while pointing out the mistakes made flowing into the Delaware river. They show what
by the British Government, says that "never, since a mass of intelligence regarding the ways of nature
his (Gladstone's) accession in 1880, has it been pos may be gathered within circumscribed limits, and
sible or desirable for England to withdraw her in- how much and by what simple means the pursuit
Auence from Egypt." Dr. Bowen's style is clear of such knowledge may minister to happiness and
and strong, his grouping of facts admirable, his health.
temper thoroughly judicial, and his history of the
period covered by his monograph altogether the THE announcement of " The Story of Ancient
most intelligent, impartial, complete and satisfac Egypt " by George Rawlinson, in the popular series
tory of any account to be found in the growing of "Stories of the Nations" (Putnam), prepares
literature of this question.
the reader for a work of authentic merit, but not
wholly for the charm which the book actually pos-
MR. M. M. Ballor's volume bearing the title sesses. From the opening sentence, "In shape,
** Due North" (Ticknor) is a continuation of his Egypt is like a lily with a crooked stem," which
notes of travel around the world, and a complement states a striking fact with simple grace, the narra-


24
[May,
THE DIAL
tive exercises a fascinating spell to its termination. which delves with a utilitarian object. His book
It is a boon to have the dry materials of history brings together a mass of interesting details gathered
moulded into a form animated with life and beauty. from myriad sources, and is useful as a manual for
Mr. Rawlinson has the power to effect this transmu reference or as an incentive to a more thorough
tation; and in no book of his bas he demonstrated | study of the lives of great inventors and the
it more clearly. His knowledge of the subjects of influence of their achievements on the progress of
ancient history is well known. It enables him to mankind.
write of them from any point of view with the ease
of utter familiarity; but the art of presenting their
As effort to make a play-spell of the study of
details in a pictorial light is a gift not to be ac-
chemistry, in order to win children to a love of the
quired. It is a native talent, and one of the science, has been made, and successfully, by Lucy
choicest in the endowment of a historian. The M. Rider, in the juvenile named" Real Fairy Folks "
series for which Mr. Rawlinson has prepared the
(Lothrop). It is as charming as the brightest of
present volume is enriched by the contribution.
wonder-tales, while it is all the time telling &
truthful story of the curious nature and behavior
An almost ideal holiday is described by Mrs.
of the atoms, alias “ Fairy Folks," which compose
Anna Bowman Dodd in the book entitled "Cathe-
the elements of the universe. The author has an
dral Days" (Roberts Brothers). Six weeks of driving
art of enchaining the attention of young minds
over English roads in a private carriage, of ram.
while teaching them serious truths, which is quite
bling at will through cathedral towns and stopping equal to her knowledge of her subject.
between-times at home-like English inns, constitute
an experience that may be called paradisian. It Augusta LARNED's "Village Photographs" (Holt)
was enchanting as Mrs. Dodd describes it, every are minute and carefully-wrought pictures of the
particular being invested in reality or imagination life of a small rustic community which is removed
with the felicity of a dream. The excursion was from the bustle and worry and excitement of the
made by the writer and a single companion-her great eager world around it. The pictures are
husband, as she leaves the reader to discover drawn with a clever hand which has noted every
through the thinnest of disguises. Mrs. Dodd is feature of the quiet scenery and the passive exist-
an amiable narrator, her only fault being a little ences that are essential concomitants in a rural
excess in the flow of words, causing an uneasy fear town. The descriptive parts are delicately done,
of final inundation. She mingles personal incidents and the portraitures are studies from nature.
pleasantly with descriptions of scenery, architecture,
and all else prominent enough to be worthy of por THE seven stories of "The Children of the
trayal.
Week," which are "truthfully set down by Wm.
Theodore Peters, with pictures thereunto by Clin.
MR. ERAstrs Wilson's “Quiet Observations" ton Peters," are brought out in dainty form by
(Cassell) have filled an attractive nook in the Pitts Dodd, Mead & ('o. Author and illustrator have
burgh Dispatch" for several years past. They have worked from a common motive, and the result is a
dealt with the common topics of the hour, in a most charming book for little folks.
plain, direct, pungent style, which hits the average
apprehension effectively. They exhibit a clever
diversity of form as well as subject, some being di-
dactic, otbers partially epistolary, and others again
LITERARY NOTES AND NEWS.
colloquial, and linked together by the identity of
the speakers introduced. A spice of wit, a spice of
D. LOTTROP Co. will publish shortly “The Rus.
common-sense, evident honesty of conviction, with
sian Novelists,” translated from the French of E.
veins of narrow reasoning, are blended in them, and M. de Vogüé.
constitute a popular compound, amusing and not CoxxECTIOTT is the subject of the latest volume
without profit to the daily newspaper reader.
in the series of American Commonwealths."
Prof. Alexander Johnston, of the College of New
In the Rev. T. L. Bailey's ** Possibilities" Jersey, is the writer,
(Lothrop) there are some hints regarding methods Tom MOORE'S * Epicurean," attention to which
for making work a pleasure to children, which may has lately been revived by Mr. Haggard's " She,"
repay the practical reader for the perusal of a dull
will be immediately issued in Henry Holt & Co.'s
book. The author has not any of the secrets of "Leisure Hour" and Leisure Moment" series.
the skilful novelist, but he has sage ideas about
Miss Srsax FENIMORE ('Oorer's ** Rural Hours"
the management of boys and girls in school, so na
is published in a tasteful new edition by Houghton,
to waken their minds to the rewards of study, to
Mitllin & Co Its cover is decorated with fun.
render them docile and diligent, and especially to
dial surrounded by the motto “I mark only the
develop a love for natural history. I'nfortunately,
bright hours."
he buries these ideas under such a load of prosy
MR. BEN HER's one povel, “ Norwood." is just
dialogue and prosier theology, that only here and
issued in a new and cheaper edition, by Fords,
there one will be resolute enough to dig down to
Howard, & Hulbert This is the story for which
them.
Mr. Bonner, of the "Ladiger," paid Mr. Beecher
MR. JAMES BURNLEY's compilation of facts re.
$35,000 It had large sucres in that paper, and
lating to ** The Romance of Invention" ('assell)
| afterwaris in book form.
is the product of industrious gleaning amid the Among the new publications of Thomas Whitta-
records of the activity of the imagination beat toker arr * An Introduction to the Textual (riticism
practical aims. The author does not evince enthu- of the New Testament," by Prof. B B Warteld; a
siasın in his researches, but that plodding spirit Hebrew Grammar, by the Rev. W H Lowe, * The


1887.)
25
THE DIAL
Growth of Church Institutions," by the Rev. Edwin
Hatch; and “Sermons for Children," by Dr. Samuel
Cox.
The familiar imprint of White, Stokes, & Allen,
New York, is to disappear from the trade. The
business of the firm will, however, be continued by
Mr. Frederick A. Stokes; while Mr. White and Mr.
Allen go again into the publishing business, with
the firm name of White & Allen.
LITTLE, BRowx & Co. have just ready: * Through
the Fields with Linnæus," a chapter in Swedish
history, by Mrs. Florence Caddy: ('ycling," a new
volume in the Badminton Library of Sports and
Pastimes; a new edition of Kugler's * Italian Paint-
ing;" and" Before Trial," by Richard Harris, barris-
ter-at-law.
A NEW volume by Edmund de Amiciis, “Cuore,
an Italian Schoolboy's Journal," is just published
by T. Y. Crowell & Co. Also, by the same firm,
** Sigrid," an Icelandic love-story, from the Dan-
ish of Thoroddson; ** The Picture of Paul the Dis-
ciple," by the Rev. H. R. Haweis; and a new and
revised edition of Cushing's “Initials and Pseudo-
nyms."
A SERIES of small manuals called “Practical Les-
sons in Nursing" is undertaken by J. B. Lippincott
Company. The first volume is on “The Nursing
and Care of the Nervous and Insane," by Dr.
Charles K. Mills. It will be followed by “Mater-
nity, Infancy, Childhood," by Dr. J. M. Keating;
and "Outlines for the Management of Diet," by
Dr. E. T. Bruen.
HARPER & BROTHERS have just issued a memoir
of Charles Reade, the joint work of the Rev.
Compton Reade and Mr. Charles Liston Reade, two
near relatives of the novelist. The volume is uni-
form with Harper's library edition of Charles
Reade's novels, and has for frontispiece an engrav.
ing of the portrait which was bequeathed to the
Messrs. Harper by Mr. Reade.
PROF. F. MAX MULLER's latest work, “The Sci.
ence of Thought," will be issued by Charles
Scribner's Sons, in two volumes, at an early day.
They announce also “ Word-Studies in the New
Testament," by Dr. N. R. Vincent; "In Ole Vir.
ginin," by Thomas Nelson Page; “Around the
World on a Bicycle," by Thomas Stevens; " The
Essentials of Perspective," by L. W. Miller; etc.
THE success that Messrs. Putnam's Sons have
met with in their republication of the works of
American statesmen leads them to announce the
writings of Washington, in twelve volumes, uni.
form in style with the works of Franklin and of
Hamilton, already issued. In a similar field, the
complete works of Abraham Lincoln, in three or
four octavo volumes, are announced for publication
by the Century Co.
Pror. H. C. Adams's new work, “Public Debts,
an Essay in the Science of Finance," is just pub-
lished by D. Appleton & Co. They issue, also,
volumes five and six of Lecky's “ History of En-
gland in the Eighteenth Century;" " John Sevier,
the Commonwealth Builder," by Edmund Kirke;
** Roundabout to Moscow, an Epicurean Journey,"
by John Bell Bouton; and “Proverbs from Ply.
mouth Pulpit," a volume of selections from the
writings and sayings of Henry Ward Beecher.
THE latest publications of Roberts Brothers in-
clude: “Dante, a Sketch of his Life and Works,"
by May Alden Ward; “Dante and his Circle," a
collection of lyrics translated in the original
metres, by Dante Gabriel Rossetti,-new American
edition, revised and re-arranged; the collected
works of Dante Gabriel Rossetti, in two volumes,
edited by W. M. Rossetti; a Life of Mrs. Siddons,
by Nina H. Kennard, in the “Famous Women
Series;" "Between Whiles," a collection of stories,
by Helen Hunt Jackson; and a new edition for 1887
of Mr. Pascoe's "London of To-Day."
The large space given by our monthly magazines
to topics relating to the labor question show that
these topics are paramount at present among serious
questions of public interest. Thirty-five or forty
years ago, as President F. A. Walker points out in
an article on * Socialists" in - The Forum" for
May, all the leading economists were declaring that
"there was no social question, there could be no so-
cial question;" whereas now they “fully admit that
there is a social question, of a most vital character."
President Walker writes, as usual, with admirable
force and clearness. “The Forum," by the way,
appears to be striving to occupy the place left va-
cant in our magazine literature when the North
American Review” renounced its honorable tradi-
tions and sank to the level of a sensational monthly
newspaper.
The new edition of Browning, in course of publi-
cation by Houghton, Mifflin & Co., fairly realizes
the intention of the publishers to produce "a cor-
rect, reasonably compact, and legible edition of
Browning's remarkable works." It is printed from
entirely new plates, and follows the latest London
edition, revised and arranged by the author. Vol. I.
contains Pauline, Paracelsus, Strafford, Sordello,
Pippa Passes, King Victor and King Charles. Vol.
II. contains Dramatic Lyrics, The Return of the
Druses, A Blot on the 'Scutcheon, Colombe's Birth-
day, Dramatic Romances, A Soul's Tragedy, and
Luria. Volume III. contains The Ring and the
Book ; Volume IV. Christmas Eve and Easter
Day, with Men and Women, In a Balcony, Dram-
atis Personæ, Balaustion's Adventure, Prince Ho-
henstiel-Schwangau, and Fifine at the Fair. Two
more volumes will complete the series. The fine
steel portrait of Browning, in Vol. I., is from a re-
cent and very satisfactory photograph.
THE TEMPLE OF ALANTHUR,
WITH OTHER POEMS.
By ISAAC R. BAXLEY. Imo. Cloth, $1.9.
* The story is wrought out with unmistakable poetic
strength."-Buffalo Times.
"There are many beautiful thoughts to be found in the
volume."* -81. Paul spatch.
** His verses certainly are very beautiful, and there can
be no question that he possesses genuine poetic faculty.
..The girl of vivid expression and a sweet sense of
melody." Baltimore Nene.
* Tbe poems in his little volume are of considerable
merit."-Troy Time.
** Is as ambitious a volume of verse as the year is likely
to give us."--Hartford Courant.
* Mr. Baxley has given to it the full poetical fervor.
Has the most quiet naturalness and grace." Nee
York Times.
* It would be impossible to deny merit in Mr. Baxley's
book. ... His diction is good and he writes with
apparent ense." - Boston Transcript.
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS,
2 and 29 West 23d St., NEW YORK.


26
[May,
THE DIAL
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
MAY, 1887.
The Story of Ancient Egypt. By George Rawlinson,
M.A. With the collaboration of A. Gilman, M.A.
Illustrated. 12mo, pp. 408. “Story of the Nations." G.
P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50.
Baltimore and the 19th of April, 1861. A Study of
the War. By G. W. Brown. 8vo, pp. 176. Johns Hop-
kins University Studies. $1.00.
Ancient Legends. Mystic Charms, and Superstitions
of Ireland. By Lady Wilde ("Speranza"). To
which is appended a chapter on "The Ancient
Races of Ireland.” By the late Sir William Wilde. 2
vols., 16mo. Gilt tops. Ticknor & Co. $5.00.
Anne Gilchrist. Her Life and Writings. Edited by H.
H. Gilchrist. With a Prefatory Notice by W. M.
Rossetti. 8vo, pp. 368. Scribner & Welford. $6.00.
Memoir of Charles Reade. By O. L. Reade and the Rev,
Compton Reade. 12mo. Portrait. Harper & Bros. $1.25.
Memories of the Men Who Saved the Union. By Donn
Piatt. 12mo, pp. 302. Gilt top. Portraits. Belford,
Clarke & Co. $1.50.
James Fraser, Second Bishop of Manchester.
moir. 1818—1885. By Thomas Hughes, Q.C. 8vo, pp.
368. Portrait. Macmillan & Co. $4.50.
Two Royal Lives. Gleanings at Berlin and from the
Lives of their Imperial Highnesses, the Crown
Prince and Princess of Germany. By Dorothea Rob.
erts. With Portraits and Illustrations. 16mo, pp.
265. Gilt top. Scribner & Welford. $2.25.
John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. By W. 0. Stod.
dard. 12mo, pp. 358. Portraits. “Lives of the Presidents."
White, Stokes, & Allen. $1.25.
0
.
Acting and Actors. C. Coquelin. Harper.
Apaches. Frederick Schwatka. Century.
Baldness, Hats as a Cause of. Popular Science.
Base-ball, New Rules of, Henry Chadwick. Lippincott.
Benton, Thomas H. Melville W.Fuller. Dial.
Birch, Harvey, and Enoch Crosby. Mag. Am. Hislory.
Blanc, Louis. Karl Blind. Century.
Books that Have Helped Me. John Bascom. Forum.
Brown Thrush, A. Olive Thorne Miller. Allantic.
Canada During the Victorian Era. Mag. Am. History.
Caucasus. Through the Ralph Meeker. Harper.
Chattanooga, Army of the Cumberland at. Centuru.
Chattanooga Campaign, The. W. S. Rosecrans. Century.
China and the United States. A. A. Hayes. Atlantic.
Chinese Missions. E. A. Lawrence. Andover.
College Fraternities. A. D. White. Forum.
Color Line in Worship. Pearse Pinch. Andover.
Comets and Meteors. R. A, Proctor. Popular Science.
Corporations. R. T. Ely. Harper.
Creation or Evolution ? W. D. Le Sueur. Popular Science.
Dining room Mendicancy. J. Q. Howard, Forum.
Dress and Undress. Julia Ward Howe. Forum.
Duty. Decline of. G. F. Parsons. Atlantic.
Emerson's Boyhood. J. E. Cabot. Atlantic.
Executive Department, A New. W.F. Smith. Forum.
Executive Responsibility. Century.
Fergusson, James. Popular Science.
Feudal System, The. G. B. Adams. Andover.
Foods, Chemistry of. W.0. Atwater. Century.
Forests, No. American. N. S. Shaler. Scribner.
Franklin in France. F.J. Turner. Dial.
French and English. P. G. Hamerton. Atlantic.
Future Probation. T. P. Field. Andover.
Gas, Natural. N. S. Shaler. Forum.
Goethe and Carlyle. Sara A. Iubbard. Dial.
Greek Question at Present. E. J. James. Popular Science.
Guilds, Government by. Century.
Haggard's Romances.S. M. Clark. Dial.
Hygiene and Morals. Frances E. White. Popular Science.
Indians in 1887. W. G. Sumner. Forum.
Irving, Washington, at Home. C. Cook. Century.
Lincoln, Abraham. Hay and Nicolay. Century.
Literature in the South. Harper.
Marriage Lawg. E, H. Bennett. Forum.
Massachusetts, Emancipation of. H. A. Hill. Andover.
Mastiff, The American. O. C. Marshall. Harper.
Megalithic Monuments in Spain, Popular Science.
Mexican Antiquities. R. I. Geare. Popular Science.
Mexican Notes. C. D. Warner. Harper.
Minghetti, Marco. W.C. Langdon. - Atlantic.
Natural vs. Supernatural. John Burroughs. Pop. Science.
Obio. When Did It Become a State? Mag. Am. History.
One Hundred Days in Europe. O. W. Holmes. Atlantic.
Pharaoh and His Daughter. J. A. Paine. Century.
Pharaoh, Finding. E. L. Wilson. Century.
Poetry, Recent. W. M. Payne. Dial.
Prairie-Flowers, Early Spring. B. D. Halsted. Pop. Sci.
Religious Instincts. J. T. Bixby. Forum.
Reporter, Experiences of a. A. E. Watrous. Lippincott.
Russia's Attitude. Cyrus Hamlin Forum.
Sable Island. J. M. Oxley. Scribner.
Second Corps, Walker's History of. Atlantic.
Snow.masses and Influence on Climate. Populur Science.
Social Composition of Am. Cities. S. L. Loomis. Andover.
Social Sustenance. H. J. Philpott. Popular Science.
Socialists. F. A Walker. Forum.
Spanish America, Republicanism in. Mag. Am. History.
steamships. F. E. Chadwick. Scribner.
Sun's Heat, The. William Thompson. Popular Science.
Thackeray, Unpublished Letters of. Scribner.
Transylvanian Saxon Marriages. Popular Science.
Vassar, Social Life at. L. R. Smith. Lippincott.
Wabash County Prior to 1800. Mag. Am. History.
White House Memories. Mrs. M. J. Lamb. Mag. Am. Hist.
Words and Music. Arlo Bates. Scribner.
Yachts and Yachting. H, L. Waite. Dial.
TRAVEL-SPORTING.
The Balkan Peninsula. By Emile De Lavelere.
Translated by Mrs. Thorpe. Edited and revised for
the English public by the author. With an Introduc.
tory Chapter upon the most Recent Events, and a
letter from the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, M.P.
With a map. 8vo, pp. 384. Gilt top. G. P. Putnam's
Sons. $4.50.
The Index Guide. To Travel and Art-Study in Europe:
A Compendium of Geographical, Historical, and
Artistic Information for the Use of Americans. By
L. O. Loomis, A.M., M.D. Edition for 1887. 16mo, pp.
635. Leather C. Scribner's Sons. $3.50.
Cassell's Complete Pocket-Guide to Europe. Revised
and Enlarged. Pp. 497. Morocco. Flex. Cassell & Co.
$1.50.
A Handful of Monographs. Continental and English.
By Margaret J. Preston, 16mo, pp. 229. A. D. F. Ran-
dolph & Co. $1.00.
The Same. Printed on finer paper and Illustrated by
Photographs. Net, $1.50.
Chronicle of the Coach. Charing Cross to Ilfracombe.
By J. D. Champlin, Jr. Illustrated. Cheaper edition.
12mo, pp. 298. O. Scribner's Sons. $1.25.
Cycling. By Viscount Bury, K.C.M.G., and G. L. Hillier.
Illustrated. 12mo, pp. 459. "The Badminton Library or
Sports and Pastimes." Edited by the Duke of Beaufort,
K.G. Little, Brown & Co. $3.50.
Yachts and Yachting. With over 110 Illustrations. By
F. S. Cozzens and others. Large 8vo, pp. 159. Cassell
& Co. $1.50.
Ilustra By Viscount. Ther's Sons. ed.. Cheapera.combe.
-----
------
-------
-
BOOKS OF THE MONTH.
ESSAYS, BELLES-LETTRES, ETC.
The Complete Works of Benjamin Franklin. Includ.
ing his private as well as his official and scientific
correspondence, and numerous letters and documents
now for the first time printed, with many others not
included in any former collection. Also the unmuti.
lated and correct version of his autobiography. Com.
piled and edited by John Bigelow. To be completed
in ten volumes, royal 8vo, half leather, gilt tops. This
edition (which will be the most complete ever issued)
will be printed from type and limited to 600 sets.
numbered. Vols. I. and II. now ready. G. P. Putnam's
Sons. Per vol., net, $5.
Half-Hours With the Best American Auth
lected and arranged by Charles Morris. 4 vols..
8vo. Edition de Luxe, limited to 100 copies, numbered.
Portraits. J. B. Lippincott Co. $16.00.
Correspondence Between Goethe and Carlyle. Edited
by O. E. Norton. 12mo, pp. 362. Macmillan & Co. $2.00.
On Some of Shakespeare's Female Characters. By
Helena Faucet, Lady Martin. 8vo, pp. 354. Portrait.
London. Net, $3.15.
American Literature, and other Papers. By E. P.
Whipple. With Introductory Note by J. G. Whittier.
12mo, pp. 315. Gilt top. Ticknor & Co. $1.50.
Anecdotes of H. W. Beecher. By N. A. Shenstone.
Illustrated. 12mo, pp. 445. R. R. Donnelley & Sons.
Paper, 50 cents; cloth, $1.00.
(The following List contains all New Books, American and For.
eign, received during the month of April by MESSRS.
A. C. MCCLURG & Co., Chicago.]
HISTORY-BIOGRAPHY.
Scotland. As It Was and as It Is. By the Duke of
Argyll. 2 vols., 8vo. Gilt tops. G. P. Putnam's
Sons. $8.00.
The Camp-Fires of General Lee. From the Peninsula
to Appomatox Court House. With Reminiscences of
the March, the Camp, the Bivouac and of Personal
Adventure. By E. S. Ellis. 12mo, pp. 414. H. Harrison
& Co. $1.50.


1887.)
27
THE DIAL
The Dedication of Books To Patron and Friend. A
chapter in Literary History. By H. B, Wheatley, F.S.A.
16mo. Pp. 257. A. C. Armstrong & son. Cloth, $1.25.
Half morocco, gilt top. Net, $2.50.
A Club of One Passages from the note book of a man
who might have been sociable. With marginal sum.
mary by the Editor, 16mo, pp. 219. Gilt top. Houghton,
Minin & Co. $1.05.
Thoughts of Beauty, and Words of wisdom. From the
writings of John Ruskin. Edited, with an introduc.
tion, by Rose Porter. 16mo, pp. 290. D. Lothrop &
Co. $1.00
POETRY.
Sappho. Memotr, Text, Selected Renderings, and n Lit.
eral Translation. By H. T. Wharton, M.A.. Oxon.
With engraved Head of Sappho, after the celebrate !
painting by L. Alma Tadema. Nec edition, teilh addi-
honk lomno, pp. 213. Gilt top. Full vellum. A.
McClurg & Co. Net, $1.75.
The Poetic and Dramatic Works of Robert Brorening
None, Rirrride edition. To be completed in six volumes,
12mo. Gilt tors, Vols. I and ? now ready. Houghton,
Mimin & Co. 'Per vol., $1.75.
Pansies. By A. D. T. W. 16mo, pp. 111. Gilt top.
Houghton, Mimin & Co. 81.25.
Daffodils. By A. D. T. W. 16mo, pp. 132. Gilt top.
Houghton, Mimin & Co. $1.23.
Ten Years of Song. Poems. By Horatio X. Powers.
16mo, pp. 15e. Gilt top. D. Lothrop & ('o. 100.
For Lore', Sake.Poems of Faith and Comfort. By
Margaret J. Preston 16mo, pp. 143. A. D. F. Ran.
dolph & ('o. (loth, 81; fancy white paper covers, gilt
top, $1.25.
Prise Selections. Being Famlliar Quotations from En.
lish and American Poets. From Chaucer to the
Present Time. Selected and Arranged by C. W.
Moulton. 16mo, pp. 242. D. Lothrop & ('o. 61.00.
Enoch Arden, and Other Poems. By Alfred, Lord Ten.
nyson. Edited, with Notes, by W. J. Rolfe, A.M.
Illustrated. 16mo, pp. 166. Ticknor & Co. 75 cents.
Seythe and Stord. Poems. By 0. C. Auringer. 16mo,
pp. 81 Gilt top. D, Lothrop & Co. 75 cents.
Bedside Portry. A Parent's Assistant in Moral Discip.
line. (ompiled by W. P. Garrison, lomo, pp. 143.
Gilt top. D. Lothrop & Co. 75 cents.
The Golden Legend. By H. W. Longfellow. With
Xotes by s. I. Bent, A.M. 9 Parts. Paper. "River.
side Literature Series." Honghton, Mifflin & Co. 30 cents.
Lereling; Barometrie, Trigonometrio, and Spirit. By Ire
0. Baker, C.E. Pp. 145. Boards. Van Nostrand's Sci.
ence Series. 50 cents.
Analysis of Rotary Motion. As applied to the Gyro.
scope By Major J. G. Barnard, A.M. Pp. 66. Boards.
Van Nostrand's Science Series. 50 cents
A History of the Doctrine of Comets. By Andrew D.
White.svo, pp. 13. Paper. " Papers of the American
Historical Association." G. P. Putnam's sons. 25 oente
The Factors of Organio Erolution. By Herbert Spen.
cer. 12mo, pp. 78. D. Appleton & Co. 75 cents.
The Illustrated Straucberry Culturiat. Containing
the History, Sexuality. Field and Garden Culture,
ete. By A. S Fuller, 12mo, pp. 89. Flex. 0. Judd Co.
25 cents.
Bridge Disasters in America, The Cause and the
Rennedy. By G. L. Vose. Ismo, pp. 8. Lee & Shepard.
50 cents.
REFERENCE-EDUCATIONAL.
A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles.
Fonnded Mainly on the Material collected by the
Philological Society. Edited by J. A. H. Murray, with
the assistance of many Scholars and Men of science.
Quarto. Boards. Part III. Batter-Boz. Macmillan
& Co. 83.25
Dictionary of National Biography. Edited by Leslie
Stephen. Avo. Vol. X. Chamber Clarkson. Macmil.
lan & Co. 83.25
Celebrities of the Century. Being a Dictionary of Men
and Women of the Nineteenth Century. Edited by
L. C. Sanders. svo, pp. 1077. Half leather. Cassell &
(o. 5.00
Watson'. Phonographic Instructor. An Advanced
Method of Imparting a knowledge of Shorthand.
Intensive Versus Extensive Teaching Complete
Self. Instructor 8vo, pp. 144. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$2.00
English as She is Taught, Genuine Answers to Exam.
ination Questions in our Public Schools Collected
by Caroline B. Le Row. Pp. 103. Cassell & Co. $1.00.
A History of the University of Oaford. By the Hon.
G. C. Brodrick, D.C.L. 16mo, pp. 235. A. D. F. Ran.
dolph & Co. 80 cents.
GOVERNMENT-ECONOMIOS.
Outlines of International Lare. With an Account of
its Origin and Sources of its Historical Development,
By G. B. Davis, U.S.A. 12mo, pp. 189. Harper & Bros.
ART - ARCHEOLOGY.
The Ministry of Fine Art to the Happiness of Life.
Essays on Various Arts. By. T. G. Parry. Svo, pp.
36 London. Net, $4.90
Bryan's Dictionary of Painters and Engrarers.
New edition, thoroughly rerined. Edited by R. E. Graves.
Large svo. Paper Parts 7 and & Dodd, Mead & Co.
Syrian Stone-Lore; or, The Monumental History of
Palestine. By C. R. Conder, R.E. Crown 8vo, pp. 172.
Scribner & Welford. $3.00.
The Essentials of Perspective. With Illustrations
Drawn by the Author. By L. W. Miller. Oblong 8vo.
C. Scribner's sons. $1.50.
An Introduction to Greek Sculpture. By L. E. Upcott,
M.A. 12o, pp. 135, Clarendon Press Series. Net, 01. 10.
Philadelphia 1681-1847. A History of Municipal Devel
opinent. By E. P. Allinson, A.M., and B. Penrose,
A.B. 8vo, pp. 392. Johns Hopkins University studies.
$2.00.
Historical Outline of the English Constitution. For
Beginners. By B. W. Rannie. Ismo, pp. 180.0.
Scribner's Sons. $1.00.
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INSURE IN
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THE DIAL
VOL. VIII. JUNE, 1887. No. 86. begun with Wyclif and Huss ; and although
it had been to all appearance wholly sup.
pressed, --so much so that we believe the
CONTENTS.
present volume contains no mention of the
movement except in the first chapter, in the
CREIGHTON'S HISTORY OF THE PAPACY. W. E.
account of Bohemian affairs at the death of
George Podiebrad,-it cannot be doubted that
the later and triumphant movement derived
CHARLES READE, NOVELIST. Joseph Kirkland . . 36
some of its strength from the earlier and un-
TALKS ABOUT LAW. James 0. Piero...... successful one. The stream had not dried up,
THROUGH THE FIELDS WITA LINN EUS. Emma but was running in a subterranean channel,
W. Shogran......... ........ ready to rise again to the surface when the
ROBERT BROWNING. Mdeille B. Anderson ...12 time should be propitious. But even if our
definition of the Reformation period does not
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS ........... 3
extend back of the Reformation itself, it yet
Hunt's Representative English Prose and Prose
needs for its understanding a thorough survey
Writers. Stevenson's Familiar Studies of Men and
of the events and condition of things out of
Books. Mrs. Kennard's Life of Mrs. Siddons.-
which it grew.
Benham's Dictionary of Religion. -Sander's Dic.
As we have indicated, these two volumes
tionary of Men and Women of the Nineteenth Cen.
possess a certain unity in the period which
tury.-Misy Le Row's English as She 1s Taught.
they cover. They begin with the death of
Miss Parry's Life Among the Germans.--Hitch.
cock's American State Constitutions.-Mahaffy's
George Podiebrad, and the apparent collapse
The Story of Alexander's Empire. --Brodrick's
of the Hussite movement in Bohemia ; they
end with the year in which Luther began the
History of the University of Oxford.-Moberly's
The Early Tudors-Henrn's some Chinese Ghosts.
Reformation in Germany-an event so obscure
-Mrs. Jackson's Between Whiles.-Miss Ward's
as naturally to find no place in the history of
Dante.-Laurence Oliphant's Episodes in a Life
the papacy in the year of its occurrence.
of Adventure.-Knox's How to Travel.
This half-century of undisputed supremacy,
when one revolt had been suppressed and the
LITERARY NOTES AND NEWS ...
other has as yet shown no signs of its ap-
TOPICS IN JUNE PERIODICALS......
proach, is the period of the deepest degrada-
BOOKS OF THE MONTH ........... 49 tion of the entire history of the papacy. For
if it sank as low morally in the tenth century,
it did not at that time occupy so high a place
CREIGHTON'S HISTORY OF THE PAPACY.* in power or in the estimation of men, and its
Mr. Creighton's history of the papacy
corruptions were neither so rank nor its dis-
during the Reformation has now reached its
regard of decency so ostentatious. In this
period the papacy was completely secularized;
fourth volume, and the commencement of the
this spiritual power no longer made any effort
Reformation. His fourth volume ends with
or pretence to raise the world's morality to a
the dissolution of the Lateran Council, March
higher level, but itself sank consciously to the
16, 1517, and the author, as is natural, calls
level of the world: and the world's level at
attention (p. 235) to the irony of events in
" that the Lateran Council should have been
this epoch was that of the worst periods of
pagan antiquity, still further depraved by the
dissolved with promises of peace on the very
verge of the greatest outbreak which had ever
knowledge and pretence of a higher standard
of conduct.
threatened the organization of the Church.”
In October of this year Luther nailed his
It is with the name of Alexander VI. tbat
the worst corruptions of this bad period are
ninety-five theses to the church door at Wit-
most completely associated. Mr. "Creighton
tenberg, and a series of events began which
is not, however, unduly severe upon him: nay,
make this year one of the turning points in
he even treats him with more lenity than the
the world's history.
Catholic historian Döllinger.
We have no fault to find with an introduc-
The familiar
story of his having died from the effects of
tion of such dimensions. In a very real point
poison intended for his guests, he shows to
of view, the Reformation may be said to have
have no foundation. Others of the crimes at-
• A HISTORY OF THE PAPACY DURING THE PERIOD OF
tributed to him appear also to be unproved.
THE REFORMATION. By M. Creighton, M.A., Dixie Pro. There still remain enough that are unques-
fessor of Ecclesiastical History in the University of
tioned; and the fact that these were believed
Cambridge, eto. Vols. III. and IV., 1961-1518. Boston:
Boughton, Mimin & Co.
| shows of what he was deemed capable. But
*
.
48


36.
[June,
THE DIAL
his vices were those of a strong man, who was
the embodiment of an age which had no faith
in virtue. “He had a large and strong nature,
which he worked and directed to his purposes."
He was “handsome, joyous and genial,” « ami.
able and pleasant,” with “active brain" and
" keen intelligence.” These qualities in a man
who was a profoundly secular" and wholly de-
void of conscience, result in a character un-
surpassed for capacity of wickedness. And
yet“ the exceptional infamy that attaches to
Alexander VI. is largely due to the fact that
he did not add hypocrisy to his other vices.
But however much his own times may have
forgotten that there was any meaning in the
position of Head of the Christian (hurch, it
is impossible for after times to adopt the same
forgetfulness." (Vol. iv., p. 41.)
If Alexander VI. was a very bad man, he
was also a great man, and one who left a strong
mark upon the history of his time. He is to
be ranked with that group of great sovereigns,
contemporaries of his, or nearly 80,--Louis
XI., Henry VII., Ferdinand the Catholic,-
whose reigns mark the transition from the dis-
integration of the middle ages to the compact
absolutism of modern times. The field in
which Alexander worked was narrower, and, in
this point of view, less conspicuous, and he did
not live to finish his work. But he began the
work which Julius II. completed, of central.
izing the power and administration in the
states of the church, and making the papacy
for the first time a strong dynastic power.
The sovereignty over these territories, first ob-
tained by the great popes of the thirteenth
century, was hardly more than a bare feudal
suzerainty, until Cardinal Albornoz, in the
pontificate of Innocent VI., forced the in.
subordinate princes to submit themselves to a
regular and effective supremacy on the part
of the pope, one nevertheless which left the
substance of power with themselves. Casar
Borgia, the son of Alexander VI., took the
next step, by removing there intermediate
powers, and bringing the territories in question
under his own rule. Perhaps it was the inten-
tion to found an hereditary dynasty under the
shadow of the papal see; Julius II. foiled this
plan by ridding himself of the intermediary,
and making the pope immediate ruler of his
states. This series of events from a political
point of view perhaps the most interesting of
the period- is very inadequately treated in the
volumnes before us.
Mr. ('reighton shows a thorough mastery of
his materials, and a clear and sober judgment.
His style is somewhat licking in vivacity, and
is at times diffuse - as is the excellent analysis
of the character of Alexander VI., which is
spread over many more pages than is neces.
sary.
W. F. ALLEN.
CHARLES READE, NOVELIST.*
The manufacture of novels has become one
of the most absorbingly interesting subjects
of public study. In these days, whenever a
novelist dies his factory is thrown open to
inspection, either by an autobiography like
Trollope's or a memoir like that before us.
Then non-writing readers flock in to the va-
cant shop and gaze curiously on the compli-
cated machinery, now silent and motionless
forever. “Can this be the loom from which
rolled that wonderful tapestry that held me
spellbound so often and so long?"
The biographer of Charles Reade is the
Reverend ('ompton Reade-his coadjutor, Mr.
Charles L. Reade, disclaiming any part in the
work save the collation of materials. The
memoir suffers terribly by being inevitably
contrasted with Trollope's inimitable auto-
biography. The nature of the work, the sub-
ject, and the treatment, are all inferior. A
certain naire silliness on the part of the tory
chronicler keeps cropping out, and some of his
literary blunders are irresistibly funny. He
characterizes low-lived blackguardism as “a
reptile whose heart is as black as its hunds."
Then, speaking of (harles Reade's death, he
says :
" It came--and, by one of those strange coinci-
dences which appeal so forcibly to those whose
faith shines brightest, on the afternoon of Good
FRIDAY."
Oh forcible fecbleness! The “coincidence"
of dying on Good Friday!
Trollope's literary methods-so many words
per hour and per day-seemed prosaic and me-
chanical enough; but Reade's are still more
so. The former showed the forced running
of machinery, whereby warp and woof were
woven together; the latter shows stacks and
hoards of raw material, newspaper clippings,
facts, pen-and-ink memoranda, and what not,
laboriously amassed and classified for years,
and at last perhaps “ worked in ”-more often
left unused and forgotten.
Reade seems to have been an egotist first of
all; then a man of conventionalized ability, of
kind heart, of blinding prejudices, of elastic
principles, and, above all, of a pugnacious sen-
sitiveness that was everlastingly getting him
into the hottest of hot water. It throws a
funny side light on the practical value of
*higher mathematics" to note that this (am-
bridge scholar of "honors" mathematical
speaks more than once of losses in his dramatic
speculations amounting to over tiro hundred
Magialen (ollege, Oxford, is one of those
• (HART IS ILYADE, DC.L. Dramatist, Sorelfal, Jour
nalie Metall, emptial culetty from his lllonary
rin ains, bs (iurle i.. Keasle and the key. Complon
koule. Ars York Harper & Brothers


1887.]
37
THE DIAL
almshouses for the rich which abound in En- | was buried by her side. The biographer (Rev.
gland.
Compton Reade) says everything in his power
“ The revenues of the college . . . . twenty-
to prove that their relations were purely pla-
four thousand pounds per annum, of which Presi. tonic. He fails signally. It would perhaps
dent Routh absorbed for his own share one-sixth, be too much to expect that he should quote
the balance being distributed-on very uneven Reade himself on the point, as the question
lines-among forty Fellows, thirty Demies. . . .
could never arise—no occasion would be likely
. . Needless to add, the forty Fellows, as the
to call out an assertion, nor would it be con-
ruling body, appropriated to their own use the
lion's share, the Seniors being tenaciously careful
clusive if it had been made. But it seems to
of their own interests. ... This brings us to
the average reader that some words the rever-
the consideration of how these scholarships were end gentleman quotes to prove Mrs. Seymour's
bestowed. There was ... no nonsense of orthodoxy in creed, indicate latitudinarianism
merit about them. From any such taint they were in behavior. They are: “I robbed God of a
as free as the most noble Order of the Garter....
saint, but not of a believer."
. . . . His election as Demy had been protested
Now for the more important matter-Reade's
against on the ground that the Founder's Statutes
enacted that the Demies should be poor scholars,'
literary method and its result. He says (p.
whereas he was the son of a man of ancestry and
285):
estate. . . . . . . The college elevated the "Sometimes I say it must be dangerous to over-
Founder's Statutes into a matter of principle, be load fiction with fact. At others I think fiction has
cause they wished to manipulate estates to suit succeeded in proportion to the amount of fact in it."
their own convenience and enrich themselves indi. His course tends to show that when he erred
vidually."
it was in the former direction. Probably no
From this charity fund, Reade drew not fiction-writer who ever lived got together such
less than $2,000 a year for the remaining fifty enormous and unwieldy masses of material.
years of his life-$100,000 in all-for which Volumes upon volumes of scrap-books-piles
he never rendered one particle of service of of portfolios of fact and history-the whole so
any kind, unless we except assistance in de belabored and systematized that the indexes
feating parliamentary efforts to abolish the and cross-indexes alone filled thirteen huge
whole thieving job and use the money as the | tomes written in double columns. His desk
donor had directed. What wonder is it that was an edifice and his reference books a library.
he shared the disgusting English view of the From such a system sprang such novels as
relation of meum and tuum as far as the rights might have been expected-fact-laden, wordy,
of debtor and creditor are concerned ? A debt uneven, ill-constructed as works of mere fiction;
is a misfortune and a dun is a bore. If, when yet, in their way, great. Great, that is, as factors
I hold another man's money, he asks me for it, in the reformation of abuses (as those of prisons
he insults me.
and insane asylums), the exposing of social
" It was impossible for the most self-assertive to ulcers (as the cruelties of trades unions), the
take a liberty with him; and when, on an occasion, teaching of human bistory (as effected in “The
a tradesman whose bill had remained in abeyance Cloister and the Hearth"), and, in short, the
for some years, thought fit to relieve his pent-up forwarding of other aims toward which a
feelings, . . . he repented his temerity."
philanthropic novelist would be likely to direct
Again, in the matter of " white lies " he be his efforts. The works sent forth with these
trays an unpleasant obliquity of mental vision. worthy purposes are works of art; and their
* Received the visit of Miss , a Yankee girl art goes to the extent of making them suffi-
who wants to lecture here—I believe on Dickens. ciently full of human interest to carry the
I was weak enough to be decoyed into a promise to reader's attention and sympathy.
hear her lecture privately with a friend or two. Not Then there is a different strain of fiction
so weak as to go though."
which Reade took up as his first style and to
To get through with Reade's personal char which he reverted after the production of his
acteristics, before reviewing the biographer's most ambitious works. “Peg Woffington”
account of the production of his plays and and “Christie Johnstone” were among his earli-
novels, it may be well to look at the story of est, sweetest, and best. “ Love me little Love
his relations with Mrs. Seymour. His Fellow me long,” “Never Too Late to Mend," " White
ship would be forfeited' by marriage. Mrs. Lies," "Very Hard Cash,” « The Cloister and
Seymour was an actress at the Haymarket, the Hearth," and “ Put Yourself in His Place,"
" above mediocrity,” and “ well-looking off the were his purposeful works. Then followed
stage." Reade moved to her house, and after. “ Griffith Gaunt," "A Terrible Temptation,"
ward took her to his; introduced her to every and others, which may be taken as a return to
body as his housekeeper; was never separated his earlier style, --constructed on fancy, not
from her for the remaining nineteen years of fact. These ten are the most important of his
her life; mourned her death as a fatal blow to | many publications, and they probably place
his happiness; called her his " lost darling;" him at or near the head of the second-rate
was never really himself after he lost her, and I novelists.


38
[June,
THE DIAL
ili
Although dealing so largely with fact, Reade “Charles Reade beld her cheap, simply because
fell just short of the glory of realism. He con he realized more acutely than the rest the inherent
defect in her art; but it may safely be affirmed that
structed everything that appeared. He lacked
he would have passed her unnoticed but for the
the docility which closes the eyes and ears to
venal pæans that deafened his ears and aroused his
all prejudice, to all objects that the author
righteous indignation. Since then much has hap-
might desire to attain, to all external influ pened, and George Eliot, her works and ways, may
ences whatever, and simply watches what its be safely relegated to the judgment of the 20th
characters will do and say of their own vo century."
lition; and then faithfully puts those doings In "Griffith Gaunt," and still more markedly
and sayings before the reader, unadorned, un in “A Terrible Temptation,” Reade over-
disguised, and unvarnished. Lacking this stepped the boundaries which separate the
humble docility, he cannot be placed among fiction of our tongue from the license of con-
the first class of fiction writers, the latest and tinental writers. The main objection made to
highest exemplars of literary progress.
the first named book at the time of its publi-
His own favorite field was the drama. He cation was its deliberate portrayal, with the
always longed to see his fancies embodied on utmost detail, of the life of the hero as the
the stage, and spent like water his time, his husband of two women at once ; loving them
temper, and his money, in the effort to be a both in different fashions, but to an equal
successful dramatist. It seems probable that degree ; and the final winning of him by one
his dramatic experiments cost him as much, or of the women on her bearing him a child.
nearly as much, as his literary labor earned, - This Reade defended with characteristic
leaving his living expenses to be paid by his fierceness, on the score of dramatic necessity-
college alms. This may be an overestimate, inventing the alliteration “ Prurient Prudes"
for he received large sums at the height of his to fit his assailants. Good men accepted his
success—$10,000 for “ Foul Play,” $7,500 for plea of dramatic necessity. Edwin Arnold
“ Griffith Gaunt," and $3,000 for one edition wrote to him :
(1,500 copies) of “A Terrible Temptation." "I found in it Nature. . . . . . I am no
But the biographer speaks of “ vast losses by novel-reader, and in morals they call me a Puritan
theatrical speculation, which he himself set
-but I admire and marvel at your exquisite and
down at an almost fabulous total.” Reade's
most healthy story, which teaches the force of a
true love over an unspiritual temperament."
contact with the stage was doubly unfortunate
in that he was absurdly sensitive to ridicule.
But even if we admit his plea on the general
“ Punch” travestied “Foul Play” under the
issue, what can be said in defence of the par.
name of “Chicken Hazard," and the poor suf-
ticular offence of putting indelicate words into
ferer could not be persuaded to look upon it as
the delicate lips of maidenhood? Wbat mo.
good-natured chaff, rather flattering than other-
tive could there have been save the suggesting
wise. He called it desecration of a work of
of impure thoughts to the reader ? 'Tis but
art. “He was hurt, far more so than when
a straw, but it marks the drift of the current.
they styled two of his works immoral.” Even
Here is what the foolish biographer says
about our American view of “Griffith Gaunt"
his too partial biographer repeatedly speaks of
him as hysterical" in his expressions when
and the idiotic lawsuit that Charles Reade
his feelings were touched. Reade would rather
based upon it :
rest his hope of immortality on his play
"As it happened, the severer censors were found,
not in Exeter Hall but in the l'nited States. There
“ Masks and Faces" than on all his novels to-
was a print, affected by Brother Jonathan, bearing
gether. He was devoted to Ellen Terry and
the romantic title • The Rennd Table.' This organ
her sister Kate, to Henry Irving, to a dozen or of moral perfection elected to regard Griffith
a score of other professionals -and yet he Gaunt' as a snake in the grass, and said as much;
characterizes the theatre as “that den of lu or, rather, to be accurate, a good deal more.
bricity."
(Charles Reade rejoined with his normal pulverizing
It seems almost incredible that the author fury, and, not content with having crushed his
of both should put “ Masks and Faces" above
butterfly with a brick bat, had recourse to legal
proceedings. Here he was less triumphant. In
“ The Cloister and the Hearth.” The latter
the States'a verdict is said to depend on your
work is his book of books. It lingers in the
ability to procure a judge, and having secured that
memory whence a thousand other novels have vantage, to attract the sympathies of u jury. The
faded away. It has been called “the greatest former of these requirements could be met by the
of historical romances," oftener perhaps than dodgery of your American Irizal representative, the
“ Henry Esmond " itself. Reade thought that latter was a physical impossibility :
George Eliot was moved to write “ Romola " The calibre of this writer can be fairly caused
by the success of “ (loister and Hearth;" and by this specimen.
he was not fond of that author. He calls her, Turning how to "A Terrible Templation."
contemptuously, “ Georgy Porgy," and his bi- we come to a tale where the motive is bad.
ographer (churchman always) of her: and the thing sought to be brought about is


1887.)
39
THE DIAL
bad, and consequently the “dramatic necessi disclaimer Mr. Dole gives us simply “ Every
ties" are no defence. Reade was appalled at Man his own Lawyer" in a new and more
the storm he had raised, and denied the im gossipy form. The book covers too much
putation against the virtue of his heroine; but ground to permit all to be well covered. Some
bis denial was not received with credence; nor of the author's chapters, such as his com-
bas he been forgiven-nor does he deserve to mentaries on “ Land Law," his brief notes on
be so. It is evident that the fiction of our “Insurance," or his argument as to what the
language must be more courageous hereafter law ought to be on the “ Divorce Question,"
than it has been heretofore, or it will lose its are not only readable and interesting, but may
proud eminence and must take a retired place prove instructive to the general reader. Lim-
in the hemicycle of letters. But its bounda iting himself to a few such topical essays, the
ries, though broader, must be just as firmly author might have furnished us an American
and unmistakably marked as ever. The glory book like the English one of Mr. Williams,
of English fiction is its purity. Compared “Forensic Facts and Fallacies," (noticed in
with that of France and Russia, it is in many | The Diaz, Oct. 1885). But not all of Mr.
respects timid and conventional, narrow, back Dole's topics are susceptible of such treat-
ward, stilted, and stunted; but it is cleanly. ment. Take, for instance, the subject of the
Ours with its failings is better than theirs with real estate of Husband and Wife, the rules
its faults.
governing which in the various States differ so
Reade's experiences are a fit guide and widely, and how inaccurate to state it as a uni.
warning to the novelist of to-day ; showing versal American modification of the common
as they do the limits of things that may be law, that “neither can give a clear title to real
said. The test of “dramatic necessity” must estate without the signature of the other."
be strictly construed and rigorously applied. There are many subjects chosen by the
Joseph KIRKLAND. author, upon which generalization would be
seriously misleading. For example, his ac-
count of the beginning of a civil suit at
TALKS ABOUT LAW.
common law, by placing a writ for service in
the hands of an officer, whose “first act is
It is evidently the ambition of Mr. E. P. ordinarily an attachment of the defendant's
Dole, while he disclaims “the delusive pre property or an arrest of his person," would
tence of qualifying every man to be his own be of little value to a reader of any class in any
lawyer," to give valuable information, upon of the numerous “ Code States," so called. The
many legal subjects of practical importance, author has “taken great pains to make the
to a large class of readers of general intelli work accurate as far as it goes.” He affirms
gence. Accordingly he presents us with of the sovereign right of Eminent Domain,
forty-three chapters of popular commentaries, that “in many cases the United States can
or talks, occupying several hundred pages, exercise it only through the agency of State
upon numerous subjects, pertaining to Pro Legislatures;" forgetting that in the Cincin-
cedure, the Domestic Relations, Contracts of nati Post Office case, in 1875, the United States
various sorts, and the Criminal Code; includ courts, exercising original jurisdiction of the
ing dissertations on Bailments, Corporation condemnation proceeding, said of the respect-
Law, Commercial Paper, Insurance, etc. It ive Federal and State Governments, “ Neither
will be seen that this is no small ambition. is under the necessity of applying to the other
The author aims to "give the non-professional for permission to exercise its lawful powers."
reader, in a simple way, such general informa Again, "to speak with entire accuracy," he in-
tion upon this most interesting and important sists that "no corporation, public or private,
subject as all intelligent persons are expected
can take land in the sense of acquiring a title
to have in regard to other subjects;" this be to it in fee-simple." The fact is, that Ten-
cause, so far as he knows, “nothing of the nessee has, through the exercise of eminent
kind has ever been published.” This is more domain, given the fee in lands to several rail-
than Kent or Story ever aimed at. How can roads, and that the fee is now given in Cali-
it reasonably be expected that non-professional fornia for public buildings, in Minnesota for
readers can acquire a useful smattering of State institutions, and in Virginia and West
much of the Law, when erudite professionals Virginia for various purposes; and doubt-
find themselves able to become familiar with less the Government took the fee in the Cin-
only some special department or departments, cinnati Post Office case. He avers that “as
and but few close students of the Law can a rule, one who is injured while unnecessarily
acquire even a general knowledge of all its travelling on Sunday can maintain no action
branches? The truth is, that in spite of his for damages;" a rule peculiar to New England,
though not universally followed there, and
• TALKS ABOUT LAW. A Popular Statement of what
Ogr Law is and how it is Administered By Edmund P.
which was repudiated in New York, in Car.
Dole Boston: Houghton, Mimin & co.
roll's case, in 1874, and is generally rejected


40
[June,
THE DIAL
outside of New England. The author is talk. and landscape. Any good Swede will resent
ing to a New England audience again when, having the world believe that young boys in
in discussing the liability of public corpora Småland run about in a garb fit only for a
tions, he says that cities and towns are not masque or merry-andrew scene.
liable for accidents upon free highways or The plan of the work is fascinating. As
bridges, unless made so by statute; a rule this bright writer follows Linnæus in his four
peculiar to his own section. These are such tours through Sweden, she shows us many
defects as may very naturally pertain to any vivid panoramas --- from Lapland, with its
attempt to accomplish the great task, which lakes, flowers, and golden summer nights, to
this book essays, of instructing the many in a southern woodlands where the nightingale
large number of the intricacies of the Law. If dare venture. No chapter is richer than that
such a scheme were practicable, Mr. David on Öland and Gothland, with their runic
Dudley Field would have no occasion or ex stones, crumbling cloisters, wealth of witch-
cuse for urging upon the American Legisla craft, and rare flora. Too hasty deductions
tures the adoption of his new Civil Code. concerning the customs and people are, per-
Unfortunately, there is neither a royal nor an haps, occasionally drawn; but the narrative is
easy road to a familiar acquaintance with the all well told. Not once does interest flag; and
Law.
JAMES 0. PIERCE, the two volumes seem too short, so fresh, spicy
and enjoyable are they. Not very often does
the list of new books give us anything about
THROUGH THE FIELDS WITH LINNAEUS.
the far North ; and this work will be wel-
comed both for its biography of a great man
The two handsome volumes before us are and for its pretty glimpses of Swedish life and
redolent of fresh northern breezes and seem landscape. It is a fit companion to that charm-
wreathed with the dainty Linnra borealis. ing and romantic work, “The Times of Lin-
From the country parsonage in Småland, næus," by Prof. Topelius.
where Linnæus was born, the author has fol. | Some blemishes mar the pages at intervals.
lowed the course of all his wanderings, and Quotations are so numerous as almost to weary.
given us as a result not merely a book of Browning, Kingsley, Carlyle, we meet con-
travels, though as such it is excellent. We tinually; while lesser lights flash between.
are shown those northern cities, villages, There is a tendency to the use of coined or
rivers, forests, waterfalls, churches, people, eccentric expressions; as wben we are told of
and lonely wilds, not only as they are to-day, a “rare-in-the-world plant.” Sometimes we
but as Linnæus saw them; and we are given feel the writer has gone out of her way to put
his own remarks and pen-pictures of them. in a fact that fitted a quotation from some
All of this, however, is skilfully made sub pigeon-hole. Not much deference is paid to
servient to the predominant motive of telling the reader's power of inference, and the foot.
the story of his life, which stands clearly out notes are at times a bore. Exclamation points
lined against the ever-shifting and rich scenic too often startle one with an uncomfortable
background. The work is not only one of accusation of not having fully realized the
consummate interest but also of approved force of the preceding words; and adjectives
authority, since it shows careful research like “awfully” and “dreadfully" spoil some
among the papers, correspondence, and col. otherwise pleasant passages. There seems to
lections of the great naturalist. Scientific be an error in calling Majanthemum bifolium
accuracy has been made a chief aim, and a Lily of the Valley (vol. I., p. 22; vol. II, p.
hence the work is of double value to the stu 180); and there are some inaccuracies in the
dent of natural history.
use and spelling of Swedish words. Good taste
Very inviting is the appearance of these is violated by repetition of certain rather
volumes, with their uncut edges and clear striking terms. We do not like to have the
type. The cover presents a graceful design foundations of the houses spoken of as “('y.
of the trailing plant Linnara borealis, which, clopean" more than once within a few lines;
with its pairs of nodding roseate bells, was nor to see the Vener always called melancholy;
Linnæus's favorite. Two fine maps of Sweden nor to note several similes about the "ink of
are an admirable feature; but it would have the country," etc.
been better to dispense with the six illustra. The youthful Linnus was preeminently a
tions, in one of which we see the statue of flower-loving boy, and to so great an extent
Linnæus through an appalling jungle of towers that it was feared he would prove naught but
In the landscapes, all the people are counting a werd in the world. Witness the amusing
stamens and petals; while the piece called certificate from the Wexio gymnasium, that
“Linnæus in Smaland" is a libel on both bero embodied what of credentials he had to present
on entering the university:
• ThrorGH THE FIELDS WITH LINNS A Chapter
in Swedish History. By Mr. Florence (addy
1727 Youth at mbool may be comparrd to
11 two
volumes. Boston Litte, Brown & Co.
I shrubs in a garden, whub will sometimes, though


1887.]
41
THE DIAL
rarely. elude the care of the gardeners ; but, if | The number of students increased by hun-
transplanted into a different soil, may become fruit dreds. His pupils were so inspired with his
ful trees. With this view, therefore, and no other,
scientific ardor that they went forth to study
the bearer is sent to the university, where it is pos.
flowers from the regions of ancient Cathay to
sible he may meet with a climate propitious to his
the new Occident, from the Levant to the
progress."
Both of Sweden's universities now boast the
coasts of Africa. “The garden of Upsala
memory of his connection with them; but in
was the rallying-point of all.” Here began
his extraordinary work of authorship.
truth the climate of neither was very propi-
Volume after volume came from his pen,
tions to the young Carl. At Upsala, actual
till his works numbered one hundred and
starvation threatened him. But his friend
Artedi and himself—“two ragged students”
eighty. Well he knew how to utilize Sweden's
long summer days and winter nights.
- portioned out “the animal, vegetable, and
A notable characteristic of Linnæus is his
mineral kingdoms between them; dividing, as
the Romans had done, the domination of the
untiring endeavor to apply his knowledge to
world." Both had faith in themselves, and
the economies of life, and that in his own
country. His biographer happily says:
longed for the hour of encouragement and
advancement of scientific research. After
“Linnieus thoroughly devoted himself to
weary months, the ardor of Linnæus, his col-
Sweden, and to showing what could be done
lections, his thesis on the sexes of plants and
and grown there. This is why he is a great
his enthusiastic defence of the same, electrified
man, and why I write his life and admire
him." Yet none the less were his labors
the vegetating scientists at the university.
universal. The nomenclature of science
Under some protests and jealousies, he was
made adjunctus to the professor of botany.
which he introduced was a grand revolution.
This study had before been almost nominal;
Note an example:
but now the botanical lectures became the
“The species of grass which used to be called
Gramen crampelinum Miliacea practenuis ramo-
talk of l'psala." He charmed with his instruc-
tion. “They relished it," says Mrs. Caddy,
saque sparsa panirula; side Xerampelino congener
arvense destirune gramen minutissimo semine, he
"as our generation has enjoyed receiving light called simply Poa bulbosa,”
at the hands of Ruskin."
The overabundance of time of the middle
But the light of Linnaus must not be per-
ages still lingered, but the new era was too
mitted to shine too brightly. Envy and dis-
busy to keep on weaving a web of intermina-
like lurked in the shades and miasmas of old
ble names. Eternal gratitude to the one who
customs and theories. He, an undergraduate, cut the warp and started anew with a simple
was forbidden to lecture. Thus, deprived of
design.
means of sustenance, he was obliged to leave Much is to be learned from the record of such
Upsala, and went abroad. Here his genius
a life, and there are invigorating lessons in these
was first truly recognized. In Holland he
pages-lessons to be found in the energy and
came in contact with learned men, who loved
methods of Linneas. Intense patriotism di.
science and admired the young Swede. Rich,
rected his works, and he felt no desire to leave
too, they were. “Never had he met with a
his native winters for climes more favorable
sort of life so tucked in with velvet curtains,
to his specialty. Nor did oneness of aim make
such sumptuous appearances of equipage and him narrow. On the contrary, it decided the
well-laid table.” Here was congenial work.
lasting value of his work. The northern
He planned gardens, revised scientific works,
mountains reflected early the morning flush
arranged herbaria, secured erotic novelties,
of science, and Linnaeus is chief of a brilliant
visited England to break lances with her
| circlet of names that flash in its light.
botanists, wrote several works of his own, and I
“Lindrus has been as a dried flower to this gen-
for four years talked Latin. He said he never cration-a dry and dusty thing, with color lost and
had time to acquire a new language. Love form flattened, spoiled. In our meagre idea of his
of home and of its beautiful mother tongue at system-as merely a scaffold, now removed to show
length drew him northward. But he did not
the solidity of some grand structure behind it
find his country waiting to honor him. The
we have neglected him who was really the archi-
tect of the beautiful temple of natural history
world, however, was awakening to his great-
that we respect but care very little about. It was
Dess. This books startled naturalista, either to he who first planned- -on paper for the world, and
adopt or to repudiate his theories. He was in practice for his own country that science of
assailed and ridiculed; but he kept his temper | insentient things, as well as of all the exquisite
and his views.
| lesser life around us, and the application of that
Eventually the goal of his life, the goal he i
science to the well-being of man, that has since
so long had aimed at, was reached: the pro-
been worked out on his plan and foundation by
fessorship at t'psala. Henceforth he could
Ja men able to carry forward his ideas."
work and teach from a place of authority. !
Emma W. SHOGREX.


42
,
THE DIAL
JUDO[,
JuneROBERT BROWNING.*
Lovers of Browning ought to feel indebted
to the great Boston publishing house for
placing within their easy reach this compact
and legible edition of all the poetical and
dramatic work of this prolific poet, from
“Pauline” (dated 1832) to the “Parleyings”
(1887). This edition is worthy, in every
respect, of being placed beside the well-known
“Riverside Edition” of the British Poets ;
indeed, many will prefer the present volumes
on account of the superior quality of the
paper. Such an edition as this may be ex-
pected to attract many American readers to
the earlier works of a poet whose recent pub-
lications do not fairly represent him. It may
be doubted whether any other equal number
of volumes of contemporary poetry contain
so much entertainment for the reader that
finds entertainment in reflection. It seems,
therefore, a fit time to make an appraisal
of the poet, based upon a wider survey than
can be gained from any single one of his
works.
What is Robert Browning's poetical lineage ?
With respect to a writer so thoroughly original
the question is a very difficult one. He has a
peculiar tang traceaýle in no earlier poet, least
of all in Shelley, whom he most frequently
mentions as his master. Browning frequently
refers to Shelley in a way that leads one to
surmise that Shelley did for him what “ The
Faery Queen” did for Cowley,-made him
“irrecoverably a poet.” The parallelism, both
of likeness and of contrast, between Brown-
ing and Shelley is singularly fascinating,—the
more so inasmuch as the relationship is in no
wise one of accent or garb, but is the far
deeper one of spiritual kinship.
Perhaps their most obvious point of resem-
blance consists in this : both are as far as pos-
sible removed from the conventional and the
commonplace, and afford, therefore, for genu-
ine souls, a delightful refuge from false society
and spurious sentiment. In most British poets,
the average Englishman—that complacent
being so unlovely to all eyes but his own-is
remarkably strong. It is the very great merit
of these two poets that in them this flavor of
the cockney and the cad is not present. They
were saved from becoming impregnated with
this flavor by the kindly fate that made them
both lovers and haunters of Italy, that most
ideal of the kingdoms of this world--that land
to which the poet and the artist are drawn as
the sparks fly upward. Apart from this, how
different the circumstances of their residence
in Italy ! Shelley attended by companions
incapable of understanding him and who would
fain make him over in the image of the world;
Browning in the felicity of perfect union with
a kindred and equal spirit.
In the outward circumstances of their lives,
indeed, the contrast between the two poets
is marked and, to the lover of Shelley, pain-
ful. These circumstances have enabled Brown-
ing to become the most discursive, wide-
ranging, and cultivated of modern poets since
Goethe. At a time when Arnold is conten-
tiously cosmopolitan, Swinburne rebelliously
radical, Tennyson contentedly English, Brown-
ing is calmly and sedately universal. He is
more Italian than English, more Greek than
Italian, more Browning than Greek. He has
the art of taking to himself all modern knowl-
edge, as the ocean takes all the rivers of the
world without becoming swollen or losing its
pungent and wholesome salt. The cultivated
and well-read Browning is everywhere Brown-
ing, just as unmistakably as the uncultivated
Whitman is the average American plus the
accident of genius. Whitman is extraordinary
by presenting a common type in an uncommon
capacity; in Browning the type is as unique
as the capacity.
Being the most highly cultivated and the most
discursive, Browning is the most thoughtful and
thought-stirring of contemporary poets. In
these respects, he gains very much by contrast
with his master, Shelley. Shelley's mental alti-
tude is as far as Browning's from that of the vul-
gar, but Shelley's weak-winged fancies, like his
own skylark, flutter above us rather than uplift
us. On the other hand, Browning's imaginative
wings are strong enough to carry us whither-
soever the magician will, for they are ribbed
like Burke's with the steel and whalebone of
fact, science, and experience. Both Shelley
and Browning are often read without being
understood, but by reason of opposite qualities.
Shelley is pure music or picture, and when the
music dies away or the picture fades one
straightway forgets it as one forgets one's
image in a glass. The airy dream has vanished
like sunlight from the water; no trace re-
mains. In Browning, too, there is music and
light and imagery, but all this plays upon the
surface of a thought as subtle and profound
as that of a philosopher. His thought must
be encountered with alert faculties and agile
mental action in order to be caught and mas-
tered.
Browning is, therefore, no amusement for
the listless or the fatigued. If he dispels las-
situde, it is by arousing the soul to the lithe
activity of the tiger, or by stiffening the mental
sinews to the iron pose of the expectant gladia-
tor. He is the equal companion of the best
minds in their untrammelled moments of joyous
activity; he incites to generous emulation of
his own abounding life. Browning fills with
* THE POETIC AND DRAMATIC WORKS OF ROBERT
BROWNING. In Six Volumes. Riverside Edition. Bos.
ton: Houghton, Mimin & Co.


1887.)
43
THE DIAL
new wine but never intoxicates, he fatigues
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
but never enervates, he puzzles but never be-
Pror. Hunt's “Representative English Prose
numbs ; he renders the reader thoughtful and and Prose Writerg" (Armstrong) is a book to
sad but never despondent and hopeless. There which it is extremely difficult to do justice in a
has been a poetry of despair ; Browning is the paragraph. It is one of those books that keep the
poet of exhilarating and abounding hope. Not
reader continually rubbing his eyes. The table of
that he shrinks from darkness and misery,
contents well indicates the plan of the book and
but that he sees these to be local, while light
one of the peculiar features of its style. Three
main divisions of the work are indicated, as fol.
and blessedness are universal and all-envel-
lows: Part I., Representative Historical Periods;
oping.
Part II., Representative Literary Forms; Part III,
As Professor ('orson remarks in his useful Representative Prose Writers and their Styles.
* Introduction to the Poetry of Browning," the It will be noted that the word "representative" is
inner relationship between our poet and Shelley
made to do yeoman's service, and it is amusing to
is as good as divulged by the former in his
recall that there emanated last year from another
professor in the same college a somewhat ambitious
essay on Shelley. "I would rather," says Brown-
book entitled “ Poetry as a Representative Art," in
ing, “ consider Shelley's poetry as a sublime
which the principle of representation was allowed
fragmentary essay towards a presentment of as little rest as the bewildered reader. In brief,
the correspondency of the universe to Deity, there is in the book before us a certain affectation
of the natural to the spiritual, and of the actual of scientific method and precision--an affectation
to the ideal, than I would isolate and separately
which it were harsh to term pedantry but which
appraise the work of many detachable portions
leads the reader to entertain hopes not justified by
the author's performance. Another fault of the
which might be acknowledged as utterly per-
book, and the chief one, consists in the obscurity,
fect in a lower moral point of view under the
the inelegance, and the occasional slovenliness of
mere conditions of art." He further remarks
the style,-characteristics surprising and almost
of Shelley that " he sees not as man sees but un pardonable in a text-book in literary criticism.
as God sees.” If it be admitted that in Brown. | The author says very truly: "Literary creation of
ing there is this same endeavor to exbibit the product [sic] is far more than mere literary criti-
correspondency between the actual and the
cism. English Prose Style, as studied in English
ideal and to regard human affairs from a
Prose authors, will conduce alike to skill in criti.
cism and the higher skill of personal authorship."
higher angle of vision, then the wide divergen-
Pity the author's own style could not be made to
cies between the two poets as to method and
support and illustrate the principle to which he
manner disappear in the essential oneness of here gives such clumsy expression! Surely, to use
their aim. Browning deals chiefly with the the severe epithet applied by Matthew Arnold to a
real world; Shelley with the ideal. Browning certain defect of the Germans, there must be
dwells habitually upon the solid earth which "something splay" about the mind of a literary
he treads with the firm step of an accomplished
critic of learning and acumen and Professor Hunt
man of the world. He knows the tangle of
has both-who can present to the public a text-
book in style swarming with sentences as bad as
human society down to its minutest interlace-
the following concerning King James's version of
ments, and can show us that the web is here the Bible: * Viewed as a version, or translation,
and there streaked with golden threads reach purely in its human aspect, as an example of En-
ing off beyond eyeshot-perchance to the gar glish speech, it undoubtedly stands all through
ment of God himself. Browning, too, has English literary history, and, more especially, in
the freedom of the ether where Shelley soars,
this era, as the leading agency of all others." The
but Browning is more companionable and is
closing phrase is a favorite one with this writer:
thus, he says Carlyle's ruling passion was to find
therefore more likely to give to ordinary men
and utter the one right truth of all others."
impulses to climb the golden ladders of poetry.
The inadequacy of this work in the important ele-
Browning may be compared to a rapid river ment of style is the more deplorable inasmuch as it
that turns not one wheel the less, irrigates no has other excellent and even sterling qualities. The
lexy efficiently a single farm, because it sings author's reading has been wide and he exhibits, in
as it flows through the haunts of men; while general, sound judgment and catholicity of taste.
Shelley is like the vast cloud-reservoirs that
The catholicity is, indeed, often at the expense of
the judgment, as where he compliments Burke by
feed the sources of the stream,-reservoirs
saying that his finest descriptions "' take their place
none the less inexhaustible for their gorgeous
as literary efforts by the side of Hugo's Waterloo or
architecture of dawn-painted battlement and Wallace's Vesuvius; " or where he informs his under-
pinnacle. Nor should the comparison be graduate student that ** Macaulay was the Lombard
pushed beyond its limits so as to intimate that of his age;" or where he remarks, referring to Addi-
Browning is diluted and Shelley vaporous; it son, -** Macaulay and Dickens have written better
is enough to suggest the poetical paternity of
because he wrote so well." The twelve " repre-
the later poet by saying that Shelley, the
sentative prose writers" selected for treatment are
Bacon, Hooker, Milton, Swift, Addison, Johnson,
soaring cloud, is condensed in Browning, the
Burke, Lamb, Macaulay, De Quincey, Dickens, Car-
singing river.
lyle. It is hard to understand why so hasty and
MELVILLE B, ANDERSON. careless a writer as Dickens should have a place


44
[June,
THE DIAL.
here, to the exclusion of artists like Fielding, Scott, scarce written ten sentences since I was introduced
George Eliot, Hawthorne; and the author ought to him, but his influence might be somewhere de-
really to append a leaflet explaining his extraor tected by a close observer.”
dinary choice of Charles Lamb, the only, as a “rep-
resentative writer.” The book needs thorough Mrs. Nina A. KENNARD's sketch of Mrs. Sid-
revision, of which its wealth of well-arranged and dons, in the “Famous Women" series (Roberts),
tabulated critical material makes it eminently adds some interesting particulars to our previous
worthy. Unfit as it is, in its present state, to be knowledge of this gifted actress. Since the publi-
placed in the hands of pupils, it is really read cation of Campbell's well-known biography, many
able and instructive, and is not ill suited to the valuable reminiscences of her public and private
needs of the private reader who is looking for a clue | life have been given to the world by her friends
to the labyrinth of English books. As it contains and admirers. These, with the letters of Mrs. Sid-
few illustrative quotations from the authors treated, dons, have afforded material for Mrs. Kennard
it should be read with their works close at hand. which Campbell did not command or lacked the
skill to appropriate. It is a hard matter to present
THE American audience of Mr. Robert Louis an adequate idea of the art of an actor, which is so
Stevenson is constantly increasing in size, and one transient in its effects and so eludes the capacity of
by one his less familiar works are being reproduced language to describe. Yet this is offset, in some meas-
on this side of the Atlantic. The latest volume to ure, by the multitude of dramatic incidents which
be thus reprinted is the “Familiar Studies of Men
beset the actor's life and intensify the impression of
and Books” (Dodd, Mead & Co.), which is perhaps his peculiar talent and personality. There must be a
the author's most serious contribution to literature. large draft made upon the imagination of one who
In point of style, these essays are, of course, above | endeavors to recall the image of Mrs. Siddons as
ordinary criticism. But what is even more valuable she appeared on the stage in the prime of her power
about them than their diction is their admirable and fame; still the results are not unsatisfactory
sanity. The author has a healthy instinct for every with the helps afforded by her contemporaries.
thing that is fine in life or thought, and no conven A beautiful women of stately grace, trained from
tions blind him in his appraisements. Nor does he infancy for her vocation, rising from the lowest
allow his personal preferences to bias his judgment. walk-that of a strolling player, a vagabond actor,
He gives us some notion of the debt he owes to to the highest rank in her art and in society,
Whitman, in a few prefatory remarks; but in his haughty in spirit, rigid in virtue, faithful to duty,
essay upon that poet he does not refrain from con-
| loving by nature, stern from experience: these are
sidering him in his character of the Bull in the | the elements which we are to mould into the form of
China Closet as well as in his character of the poetic the great woman who stands unrivalled, unmatched,
interpreter of democracy and the life of the natural in the annals of the English theatre, except by her
man. The essay on Victor Hugo's romances is, again, immediate predecessor, Garrick. Mrs. Siddons
highly appreciative, but there is no lack of dis-
belongs inseparably to her time. Were she to re-
crimination in its praise; it occupies the juste milieu appear on the stage of our day, her personal beauty
between Swinburne's overburdened eulogy and | and the grandeur of her style would still be impos-
Myers's brilliant but carping and unsympathetic ing; but the stiff and stilted airs belonging to her
estimate. With the two essays already mentioned school would offend our modern taste. We demand
we would class that upon François Villon, the three the realism of nature. She was encompassed with
being models of what essays ought to be; sympa the artificialities of her generation. Yet, despite
thetic, but not blindly so; resolutely, but not ob all this, her genius touched the souls of her hearers
trusively, unconventional. There are seven essays and overpowered them with emotion. Was Mrs.
besides these, each with its peculiar charm. Burns Siddons à greater artist than Rachel or Bernhardt?
and Thoreau, Pepys and John Knox, Charles of The question cannot be answered; but her memory
Orleans and' Yoshida-Torajiro, are the persons as woman and actress will long endure.
treated. The last-named gentleman was a patriotic
young Japanese, whose pathetic story is told in such Two IMPORTANT encyclopædic works are just
å delightful manner that it will not be the fault of issued by Cassell & Co.,-"A Dictionary of Re-
Mr. Stevenson if his name does not become, as the ligion” and “A Dictionary of Men and Women of
author thinks it should, “a household word like the Nineteenth Century." The first, which is
that of Garibaldi or John Brown." The essay on edited by the Rev. William Benham, F.S.A., gives
Pepys is à propos of Mr. Mynors Bright's edition, information regarding all Christian and other
and in it the following just remark is made, among religious doctrines, denominations, sects, heresies,
others: “We may think, without being sordid, ecclesiastical terms, history, biography, etc. The
that when we purchase six huge and distress | biographical articles in this work are exclusively of
ingly expensive volumes, we are entitled to be deceased persons. An attempt has been made to
treated rather more like scholars and rather less describe the various sects and denominations as
like children." Mr. Bright is one of the large they themselves would desire; and in this, as in
class of over-scrupulous editors who mutilate the difficult matter of treating the various questions
classical texts out of consideration for the Young agitating the religious world, as much fairness and
Person. The spirit in which Burns is treated may charity are shown as could reasonably be expected
be illustrated by this remark: “It was with the from the standpoint of the work, which is that of
profoundest pity, but with a growing esteem, that orthodox Christianity. The various contributors
I studied the man's desperate efforts to do right; seem in the main to strive to write in an informa-
and the more I reflected, the stranger it appeared tive rather than dogmatic spirit. A controversial
to me that any thinking being should feel other- element occasionally creeps in, and statements are
wise." How sympathetic is the study of Thoreau sometimes made to which opponents would doubt-
may be seen from this bit of confession: “I have less take sharp exception. But something of this


1887.]
45
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is no doubt inevitable in such a work. In fulness was transferred, by a stroke of good fortune, into a
and comprehensiveness, as well as literary work family of the higher class. Here every facility was
manship, it is the best book of its kind that we enjoyed for acquiring a thorough knowledge of the
are acquainted with.—The second of the two language and customs of the German people. Eager
works named is an extensive dictionary of recent to learn, she missed no opportunity to study their
and contemporary biography, including celebrities inner as well as their outer life, and, showing a
from all parts of the world, whose careers belong hearty appreciation of all that was new and inter-
wholly or in part to the present century. The esting, however peculiar, many opportunities for
book thus fills a very important place as a work of observation were afforded her which are not com-
reference. Its scope is broad enough and its space monly to be had. Of the impressions thus received
ample enough to include, besides mere biographi she writes unaffectedly, and, it would seem, in such
cal details, some account of the more important order as they happen to occur. Each chapter is
occurrences with which the subjects are intimately crowded with matters of interest. In one, life in
connected. Thus, under the caption “Egypt, the the pension and the habits of foreign students are
Khedives of,” we find a valuable resume of the described; in another, the ways peculiar to the Ger-
events that have recently taken place in that man home; in another, the sphere of German women
country. The work is edited by Lloyd C. Sanders, in different stations. Again, the public schools,
who has had a good corps of contributors, and the the churches, special festivals, - private entertain-
literary standard is high. These two excellent vol ments, and prominent features of domestic and
umes are uniform in size, style, and price, and have social life, are depicted with fulness and simplicity.
the final merit of clear printing and good paper. Miss Parry witnessed many of the joyous and stir-
ring scenes which marked the Luther Jubilee Year,
Miss LE Row's innocent-appearing little book when the whole nation gave itself up for an entire
called “English as She is Taught" (Cassell) has twelvemonth to the celebration of the four-hun-
attracted wider attention than many a more preten dredth anniversary of the great Reformer's birth.
tious work, Most readers have laughed