363 -2/ 0$' THE DIAL c/f Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information VOLUME L January 1 to June 16, 1911 CHICAGO THE DIAL COMPANY, PUBLISHERS 1911 Negaunee City LIBRARY v. s$ INDEX TO VOLUME L. PAOB 461 121 . Edward E. Hale, Jr 46 90 287 Anna Benneson McMahan . . . 207 Censorship of Fiction, and Some other Matters . E. H. Lacon Watson .... 296 216 . Edith Kellogg Dunton .... 352 China Collector, Traffics and Discoveries of a Edith Kellogg Dunton .... 475 249 James Taft Hatfield .... 11 214 . Lawrence M. Larson 18 . Arthur Howard Noll .... 394 333 341 Educational Reference Work, A Great .... . M. V. OShea 349 Educational System of the Elder Mr. Weller . . Charles Leonard Moore . . . 335 44 391 William Morton Payne, 91, 266, 442 261 French Revolution, A Frenchman's Study of the . 212 476 . Warren Barton Blake .... 427 Germany, Menace of, An American View of the . 265 . Edward Payson Morton . . 472 Grkek Poetry, Disengaging the Essence of . . . . Fred B. R. Hellems 346 . Frederick W. Gookin .... 9 . James Taft Hatfield .... 160 375 122 . Frederick W. Gookin .... 385 393 300 433 463 75 . Aksel G. S. Josephson .... 77 Life, A Philosophy of . T.D. A. Cooker ell 304 Literature, English, in Shakespeare's Lifetime . 156 425 Josiah Renick Smith .... 159 Moliere, The Latest Study of, in English . . . . F. C. L. van Steenderen . . . 125 May EsteUe Cook 438 Nineteenth Century, Foundations of the . . . . Carl Becker 387 150 35 Lewis Piaget Shanks .... 289 Charles Leonard Moore . . 85 Laurence M. Larson .... 263 Edith Kellogg Dunton .... 257 Charles Leonard Moore . . . 16 251 377 Poems, A Group of Long William Morton Payne .... 53 113 INDEX PAGE Poetry, Recent William Morton Payne . . . 162 Pre-Raphaelites and Other Victorian Celebrities . Percy F. Bieknell 345 Publisher, A Famous, of the Eighteenth Century . Edward Payson Morton ... 51 Publisher of the Old School, A Percy F. Bieknell 154 Publishing and Publishers Percy F. Bieknell 259 Quebec, The Hero of Lawrence J. Burpee 87 Race Adjustment, Problems of Kelly Miller 209 Six Million Years, A History of T. D. A. Cockerell 88 Social Tendencies in England and America .... JET. Parker Willis 354 Soul's Struggle into the Light, A Percy F. Bieknell 299 Stage Children 145 Spielhagen, Friedrich 199 Spain, An Impressionist in George G. Brownell 127 Spain of To-day Warren Barton Blake .... 308 Stephens Prison Diary, The W. H. Johnson 158 Stevenson Letters, The New Henry Seidel Canby .... 436 Stock, Taking 3 Synge, John, and His Plays Warren Barton Blake .... 37 Tale Outworn, New Tellers of a Allen Wilson Porterfield . . . 306 Tolstoy, Romancer and Reformer Percy F- Bieknell 83 Travels in Two Hemispheres Percy F. Bieknell 439 "Uncle Tom's Cabin" and its Author William B. Cairns 469 Vegetarian Biology Raymond Pearl 128 Victorian Romancer, An Early Clark S. Northup 119 Virginia, Colonial, Men and Manners of Walter L. Fleming 48 Wanted: A Handbook of Criticism Charles Leonard Moore . 201 Waste and Conservation Charles Richmond Henderson . 18 Woman, The Future of T. D. A. Cockerell 470 Announcements of Spring Books, 1911 223 Casual Comment 5, 41, 79,115,147, 203, 253, 292, 337, 379, 430, 465 Briefs on New Books 20, 56, 95,129, 168, 217, 270, 309, 355, 396, 445, 477 Briefer Mention 23, 59, 98, 220, 274, 312, 358, 399, 450, 481 Notes 24, 60, 99, 132, 170, 222, 274, 312, 359, 400, 451, 482 Topics in Leading Periodicals 25, 99, 171, 276, 364, 451 Lists of New Boooks 25, 61, 100, 133,171, 235, 276, 314, 364,401, 452, 483 Educational Books of the Spring 1 360 CASUAL COMMENT PAOB Academia della Crusca, The Centenary of the 117 Academicians, Two New 205 Adjective, Misused, A 340 A. L. A. Conference, The 340 A. L. A., the, and the N. B. A., Cooperation between. 466 A. L. A., Publishing Record of the 467 American Literature, Why There Is Yet No 140 Amherst's Librarian, The Resignation of 133 Apponyl, Count, and Kossuth 205 Archives, National, The Perilous State of Our 381 Astor Library, The Close of the 840 Autobiographical Audacity, A Delightful Bit of 147 Biographies In Brief, Twenty Thousand 43 Bibliographer's Task, The 5 Blind, Literary Favorites of the 148 Book Exhibitions at County Fairs, Effect of 81 Books One Would Like to Own 839 Book-stealing, Discouragement of 8 Book Thieves Before the Children's Court 432 Book Values, Six Million Per Cent Increase in 380 Brett, George P.: A Publisher of Intuition 253 Bulls and Bears on the Literary Exchange 468 Byron Manuscript, The Story of a 81 California County Librarians. Appointment of 382 Canada, A National Library for 203 Carlyle House at Ecclefechan, The 205 PAOB Carlyle on Some of His Contemporaries 148 Carnegie Library, The Tardy Acceptance of a 82 Censorship, Amateur, of Current Literature 80 Children's Book, Test of a Good 379 Class-day Rejuvenescence of the Gray-beard Alumnus 382 Classical Scholar, An Eccentric and Ascetic 6 Collector's Mania Extraordinary 382 College Journalism, The Increasing Dignity of.... 7 "Complete Works" Department, A 295 Connecticut State Library Building, The New 380 Copyright Act, Canadian, The Proposed 339 Copyright Bill, English, The Pending 41 Copyright Laws, Our—How They Impress an Outsider 203 Criminal's Taste in Literature, The 80 Criticism, Mr. Brownell on 340 Dartmouth's Plans for a New Library Building.... 382 Dickens Family, A Wound to the Pride of the 295 Drama of Ideas, A Stern Arraignment of the 337 Drama, Our Current, The Inanity of 42 Dual Personalities, Literary and Other 80 Editorial Record, An Extraordinary 8 Education and Efficiency 81 Eggleaton, George Cary, Death of 338 Emerson's Undemonstrative Generosity 148 "Encyclopaedia Brltannlca," The New, as Summer Reading 433 INDEX PAOE Fairies, Mr. Maurice Hewlett's Faith In 295 Fogazzaro's Genius, The Late Ripening of 253 Foreigner, Literary Assistance to the 255 Foss, Sam Walter: Librarian, Poet and Humorist.. 204 France, The Humanities In 205 French Epic of Heroic Proportions, A 150 French Novelists, An Incentive to 256 Galton, Sir Francis 117 Gilbert, Sir William S., The Genial 465 Grave-yard Poetry, Some Specimens of 431 Gray Herbarium, A New Library Building for the... 433 Greek Scholar, A Modern 293 Grind, The, and the Genius 430 Government Documents, Humor in 149 Harvard Libraries, The Organization of 82 Headliner's Art, The 432 Hellenists at Oxford, The Triumph of the 7 Hlgglnson, Colonel, A Forthcoming Memoir of 432 Hlgglnson, Colonel, Eighty-seventh Milestone of.... 42 HlgglnBon, Colonel, Some Reminiscences of 430 Hlgglnson Room, The, in the Cambridge Public Library 433 Hill, Adams Sherman, Death of 42 Hlppolytus, Mrs. Howe's 293 Hoe Library. Sale of the 296 Hoosler Farmer's Love of Books, The 253 Hope Deferred, A Notable Instance of 466 Human Greatness, The Mathematical Measurement of 379 Huth Bequest to the British Museum, The 150 Huth Library, Prospective Sale of the 116 Imagination, Untrammeled, The Advantages of 339 Indiana Library Legislation 382 India, Native Literature in 254 Indian Author, A Bohemian Tribute to an 256 Insect Book-lovers 115 "John Bullesses, My Idealed" 467 Johnson, Dr., London House of 380 Klldare, Owen: A Belated Genius 149 Kipling, John Lockwood 117 Language, A Highly Inflected, Advantage of a 465 Lexicographic Industry, A Marvel of 254 Librarians hip: An Uncrowded Calling 147 Librarian's Qualifications, The Special 116 Librarians, Trained, The Demand for 294 Library Books by Special Delivery 8 Library Convention. The First National, in California 467 Library Legislation In Maryland, Recent 86 Library Management, An Age of Reason In 6 Library of Congress, Growth of the 81 Library's Governing Body. The Size of a 466 Library's Presiding Genius, A 380 Limited Edition, The 204 Lincoln, A Forced Interpretation of 115 Literary Celebrity, the Pains and Penalties of 254 Literary Lawsuit, An Interesting 296 London Library, Beginnings of the 338 Magazine Fund—How to Make it go as Far as Possible 296 Mankato, Culture in 149 PAGE Marie-Claire, The Advent of 203 Materllnck, M., in Reflective Mood 382 Minnesota State Prison Library, The 381 Mispronunciation, Another Freak of 256 Myers, F. W. H., The Late 467 Newark Museum Association, The 7 Newspaper's Debt to the Public Library, The 253 New Theater, Duties of the 115 New York Library Building, Opening of the New.. 431 New York State Library, Destruction of the 292 Novel-Readers, The Morbid Sensitiveness of Some.. 204 Ohnet. Georges: A French E. P. Roe 294 "One Way Out," Infinite Variety of the 339 "Orchard House," The, at Concord 205 "Orchard House," More about the 337 Oxford, The Charm of 431 Pearsons, Daniel K., The Valedictory of 340 Periodical, Unsuccessful, The Heroic End of an.... 6 Play-wrltlng, Quantity and Quality In 147 Plots. The Persistence of 381 Poe Memorial Fund, Growth of the 433 Poet Laureate's Autobiography, A 150 Policeman, A New York, Literary Taste in 43 Polygrapher Extraordinary, A 116 Prize Dissertation, A Fruitful Subject for a 468 Prize-Story Writers, The Hopefulness of 467 Public Library, A New Department in the 294 Public Library as a Profitable Investment. The 116 Public Library, Increasing Importance of the 339 Recrimination, A Record of 203 Reich, Emil, Death of 7 River Wye Quest, The 465 Rome, Facilities for Study in 255 Roof-garden Reading-rooms for Boston 256 Seattle Public Library's Twentieth Annual Report.. 254 Serious Books, The Reader of 338 Sevenpenny Reprints, Success of the 255 Shakespeare, Mr. Shaw Pokes Fun at 42 "Spectator's, The." Bicentenary 150 Stevenson, Robert Louis, New Letters of 294 Stowe, Harriet Beecher, Centennial 465 Thackeray, The Modernity of 337 Thirteenth Census, Distinctive Features of the 432 Tolstoy's Desire of Seclusion 79 Traveling-Library Methods, A Reform in 431 Travelling Library, The Proper Ingredients of a. ... 81 Uncut Leaves, An Unexpected Agitator Against.... 255 Van Dyke's (Henry) Industry, By-Products of 6 Vulgarity in Literature, What Constitutes 381 Wagner's Forthcoming Autobiography 117 War and Poetry, The Connection Between 292 Ward, Elizabeth Stuart Phelps. Death of 115 Whitney, Henry Mitchell: Last of Four Gifted Brothers 296 Whlttler Poems, Some Newly Discovered 43 Women "Immortals," Anatole France on 43 Word, Haunting Associations of a 117 Writer, Successful, How to Be a 295 Yasnaya Polyana as an International Peace Memorial 82 AUTHOKS AND TITLES MM I Acton, Lord. Lectures on the French Revolution... 476 "Adventure, An" 355 Albee, Helen R. The Gleam 299 Alexander. Klrkland B. The Log of the North Shore Club 448 Ames, E. S. The Psychology of Religious Experience 20 Anderson, Melville B. The Happy Teacher 56 Anderson. Sir Robert. The Lighter Side of My Official Life 310 "Angell, Norman." The Great Illusion 300 Ashdown, Mrs. Charles H. British Costumes During XIX. Centuries 395 Auerbach's Villa on the Rhine, Translated by James Davis. New one-volume edition 312 Aulard. Alfred. The French Revolution 212 Avary, Myrta Lockett. Recollections of Alexander H. Stephens 158 Babbitt. Irving. The New Laokoon 46 Baedeker. Karl. Eastern Alps, twelfth edition 450 OF BOOKS REVIEWED PAGE Baikle, James. The Sea Kings of Crete 159 Bagby, George W. The Old Virginia Gentleman.... 22 Bailey, L. H. The Country Life Movement 448 Bailey, L. H. The Outlook to Nature, revised edition 448 Baltzell. W. J. Dictionary of Musicians 312 Bangs, Mary Rogers. Jeanne d'Arc 306 Baring, Maurice. Diminutive Dramas 311 Barter, A. Scenes from Eighteenth Century Comedies 399 Barton, Mary. Impressions of Mexico 440 Baskervlll, C. R. English Elements In Jonson's Early Comedy 481 Beacon Biographies 98 Bell, Gertrude Lowthlnn. Amurath to Amurath.... 440 Belloc, Hllalre. On Something 396 Benson, Arthur Christopher. The Silent Isle 20 Bensusan, S. L. Home Life In Spain 308 Betham-Edwards, M. B. French Men. Women and Books 311 Bexell, J. A. Farm Accounting and Business Methods 481 vi. INDEX PAoa Rtgelow, John, Jr. The Campaign of Chanccllors- vllle 216 Bigelow, Melville M. A False Equation 857 Bingham, Hiram. Across South America 440 Blsland, Elizabeth. Japanese Letters of Lafcadlo Hearn 9 BJSrnson's A Lesson In Marriage, translated by Grace Isabel Colbrun 221 Borup, George. A Tenderfoot with Peary 439 Bracq. J. C. France Under the Republic 168 Brandes, Georg. Ferdinand Lassalle 481 Branner, John C. Brief Grammar of the Portuguese Language 98 Brooks, Robert C. Corruption In American Politics and Life 271 Browne, Horace B. Short Plays from Dickens 59 Bruce, 1'hilip A. Institutional History of Virginia In the Seventeenth Century 48 Bryce, James. American Commonwealth. Third Re- vised Edition 169 Burton, Richard. A Midsummer Memory 56 Butler, Arthur J. The Forerunners of Dante 19 Butler, Samuel. Life and Habit, and Unconscious Memory, new editions 479 Castle, Agnes, and Castle, Edgerton. Panther's Cub 443 Chamberlain, Houston S. The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century 387 Chase, Ellen. The Beginnings of the American Revo- lution 481 Chase, J. Smeaton. Cone-bearing Trees of the Cali- fornia Mountains 449 Chase, J. Smeaton. Yosemite Trails 445 Chesterton, Gilbert K. Alarms and Discussions 352 Chesterton, G. K. Appreciations and Criticisms of the Works of Dickens 214 Children's Library of Work and Play 360 Chittenden, Hiram M. War or Peace? 301 Clinch, George. English Costume 394 Colby, Frank Moore. Constrained Attitudes 58 Columbia University Lectures on Literature 482 Colvin, Sidney. The Letters of Robert Louis Steven- son 436 Cooper, Frederick Taber. The Craftsmanship of Writing 480 Cortlssoz, Royal. John La Farge 385 Coutts, H. T., and Stephen, G. A. Manual of Library Bookbinding 218 Crane, R. T. The Utility of All Kinds of Higher Schooling 11 Craver, H. W. Books by Catholic Authors In the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh 481 Crew, Helen Coale. Aegean Echoes, and Other Verses 166 Crook, William H. Through Five Administrations.. 22 Cunllffe, R. J. New Shakespearean Dictionary 23 Cutten, George B. Three Thousand Years of Mental Healing 358 Dana, J. C. Modern American Library Economy. ... 24 D'Autremer, Joseph. The Japanese Empire 129 Davenport, Charles B., and Davenport, Gertrude C. Elements of Zoiilogy 358 Davis, William Stearns. The InBuence of Wealth in Imperial Rome 121 Dawson, Warrington. The Scourge 268 Dickens's Works. "Centenary" edition 399 Dickey, Luther S. History of the 103d Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 312 Dickie, James F. In the Kaiser's Capital 21 Dobbs, John F. From Bunker Hill to Manila Bay.. 312 Dole, Nathan Haskell. Memoirs of Bertha von Suttner 56 Dustman, U. M. Book of Plans and Building Con- struction 220 Dyer and Martin. Edison, His Life and Inventions. 129 Karhart, Will. Art Songs for High Schools 60 Eastman, Alexander. The Soul of the Indian 273 Eggleston, George Cary. Westover of Wanalah 267 Ellis, Havelock. The World of Dreams 398 Ellis, S. M. William Harrison Ainsworth and His Friends 119 Ellwood, Chas. A. Sociology and Modern Social Problems 59 Ely, Helena Rutherfurd. The Practical Flower Garden 446 Emerson's Journals, Volumes III. and IV 218 Enock, C. Reginald. Farthest West 97 Farnol, Jeffery. The Broad Highway 267 Fearn, Frances. The Diary of a Refugee 21 PAGE Flcke, Arthur D. The Breaking of Bonds 54 Field, Eugene, Poems of. Single volume edition.... 23 Fisher, Sophie. The Imprudence of Prue 444 Fltz-Gerald, John D. Rambles in Spain 308 Flandrau, Charles Macomb. Prejudices 477 Flecker. James Elroy. Thirty-six Poems 163 Flamlnl, Francesco. Introduction to the Study of the Divine Comedy 98 Fogazzaro, Antonio. Leila 445 Ford, Webster. Songs and Sonnets 165 Forman, Henry James. In the Footprints of Heine. 169 Forman, Henry James. The Ideal Italian Tour.... 448 Forman, H. Buxton. Letters of Edward John Trelaw- ney 270 French, Allen. The Siege of Boston 272 Frenssen, Gustav. Klaus Hlnrlch Baas 444 Frohman, Daniel. Memories of a Manager 479 Fuller, Thomas E. Cecil Rhodes 44 Gade, John A. Cathedrals of Spain 478 Gales, R. L. Studies in Arcady 168 Galpin, Francis W. Old English Instruments of Music 396 Galsworthy, John. The Patrician 442 Garber, John Palmer. Annals of Educational Prog- ress in 1910 356 Garrison, Theodosla. The Earth Cry, and Other Poems 167 Garstang, John. Land of the Hittites 96 Geddes, J., Jr., and Wllklns, E. H. Manzonl's I Promessi Sposi 358 GIglluccI, Valeria. Clara Novello's Reminiscences... 130 Gllman, Charlotte Perkins. The Man-made World.. 471 Graves, Charles L. Life and Letters of Alexander Macmlllan 154 Griffin, W. Hall, and Minchin, Harry C. Life of Rob- ert Browning 206 Griffls, William Elliott. China's Story 481 Groscup, George E. A Synchronic Chart and Statis- tical Tables of United States History 221 Guest, Montague J. Lady Charlotte Schreiber's Jour- nals 475 Gultteau, William Bachus. Government and Politics in the United States 481 Hall, G. Stanley. Educational Problems 341 Hall, Sharlot M. Cactus and Pine 167 Hall, Thomas C. History of Ethics Within Organ- ized Christianity 219 Halleck, Reuben Post. History of American Litera- ture 481 Harben, Will N. Dixie Hart 94 Hare, Christopher. The Romance of a Medici War- rior 220 Harlng, C. H. The Buccaneers In the West Indies.. 220 Harris, Virgil M. Ancient, Curious and Famous Wills 480 Harry, Joseph Edward. Sophocles' Antigone 400 Hart, Albert Bushnell. The Obvious Orient 397 Hartley, C. Gasquolne. Things Seen in Spain 308 Headley, John. Tramps in Dark Mongolia 96 Henderson, Archibald. Mark Twain 396 Herbert, A. S. The First Principles of Heredity 60 Herkomer, Hubert von. The Herkomers 58 Hicks, Seymour. Twenty-four Years of an Actor's Life 272 Higginbotham, John U. Throe Weeks In the British Isles 441 Hills, Ellas C, and Morley, Sllvano G. Las Mejores Poeslas Llrlcas do la Lengua Cnstellana 358 Hlttell, Theodore H. The Adventures of James Capen Adams 446 Hobson, J. A. A Modern Outlook 354 Hollander, Jacob II. David Rlcardo 481 Holme, Chas. Peasant Art In Sweden, Lapland, and Iceland 98 Howard, William Guild. Laokoiin 24 Hueffer, Ford Madox. Memories and Impressions... 345 Hunt, William, and Poole. Reginald L. Political History of England 273 Husband, Joseph. A Year In a Coal Mine 357 Husband, M. F. A. A Dictionary of Wavcrley Charac- ters 24 Hutchinson, Horace G. A Saga of the "Sunbeam".. 441 Hyatt, Stanley Portal. People of Position 93 Jackson, Vincent. English Melodies 450 James, George Wharton. Heroes of California 131 James, Grace. Joan of Arc 306 Jepson, Willis Linn. The Sllva of California 221 INDEX vii. PAGE Jerrold, Lawrence. The Real France 309 Jervls, W. r. A Pottery Primer 899 Johnson. Rosslter. History of the Civil War, revised and enlarged edition 221 Johnston, Harry H. The Negro in the New World.. 209 Johnston, R. F. Lion and Dragon in Northern China 130 Jollne, Adrian Hoffman. Edgehlll Essays 397 Jones, S. Carleton. Out of Drowning Valley 94 Jordon. David Starr. The Call of the North 24 Jordon, David Starr. Ulrlch von Hutten 24 Jourdan, Philip. Cecil Rhodes 217 Karpeles, Gustav. Helnrlch Heine's Memoirs 160 Kennedy, Chas. W. Poems of Cynewulf 59 Kester, Vaughan. The Prodigal Judge 269 King, Leonard W. History of Sumer and Akkad.... 97 Kirkham. Stanton Davis. East and West 438 Knight, William. The Glamour of Oxford 221 Krehbiel, Henry Edward. The Pianoforte and Its Music 356 Lang, Andrew. The World of Homer 13-1 Larned, J. N. A Study of Greatness in Men 311 Lamed, J. N. History for Ready Reference, Second Supplementary Volume 221 Lawton, Frederick. Ralzac 90 Leacock, Stephen. Literary Lapses 132 Learning, Thomas. A Philadelphia Lawyer In the London Courts 478 Lewlsohn's, Ludwig, German Style 355 Library Economy, Modern American 400 Little, Archibald. Gleanings from Fifty Years in China 477 Lloyd, Henry Demarest. Mazzinl and Other Essays. 96 Lloyd, J. A. T. Two Russian Reformers 129 Lomax. John A. Cowboy Songs 261 Longford. Joseph H. Story of Old Japan 97 Longman's Historical Illustrations 221 Luffmann, C. Bogue. Quiet Days In Spain 127 Luquiens, Frederick Bliss. Three Lays of Marie de France 450 Mackall, J. N. Lectures on Greek Poetry 846 Mackereth, James A. A Son of Cain 164 Mahan, A. T. The Interest of America in Interna- tional Conditions 265 Mangold, George B. Child Problems 273 Marriott-Watson, H. B. Alise of Astra 267 Masefield, John. Chronicles of the Pilgrim Fathers. 481 Mason. Redfern. The Song Lore of Ireland 122 Mathews. John L. The Conservation of Water 19 Matthews, Brander. Mollfere 125 Matthews, F. Schuyler. Familiar Trees and Their Leaves, revised edition 450 Maude, Aylmer. The Life of Tolstoy 83 Mead. Edwin D. Mohonk Addresses 59 Meade, Rebecca Paulding. Life of Hiram Paulding.. 98 Meredith's Works, Memorial Edition 220 Meriwether, Lee. Seeing Europe by Automobile.... 441 Merrill, Charles E., Jr. Donne's Letters 221 Mitchell, Lewis. Life and Times of Cecil Rhodes... 44 Monroe, Paul. A Cyclopedia of Education, Vol. I... 849 Monypenny, W. F. Life of Disraeli, Vol. 1 13 More, Paul Elmer. Shelburne Essays, seventh series 57 Moore, F. Frankfort. The Commonsense Collector.. 399 Moore, F. Frankfort. The Life of Oliver Goldsmith 472 Moulton. Richard G. World Literature 480 Mudge, Isadore G., and Sears, M. Earl. A Thackeray Dictionary 24 Mumby, Frank A. The Romance of Book Selling.... 259 Murray, Gilbert. Sophocles' CEdlpus Rex 400 Musicians' Library 59 Neale, Walter, and Hancock, Elizabeth H. The Betrayal 268 Neihardt, John G. The Dawn-Builder 269 Neilson, William Allan. The Chief Elizabethan Dramatists 358 Newton, Joseph Fort. Lincoln and Herndon 131 Nicholson, Meredith. Siege of the Seven Suitors.... 94 Nixon. Paul. A Roman Wit 400 Nlxon-Roulet. Mary F. The Spaniard at Home 308 Novlcov. J. War and Its Alleged Benefits 301 Noyes, George R. Dryden'a Poems 23 Noyes. George R. Selected Dramas of Dryden 23 O'Brien, R. Barry. John Bright 357 Orbaan, J. A. F. Slxtlne Rome 399 O'Reilly, E. Boyle. Heroic Spain 308 Osborn, Henry F. Huxley and Education 450 Osborn, Henry ]•". The Age of Mammals 88 Ostwald, Wilhelm. Natural Philosophy 356 PAGE Oxford Library of Trose and Verse 221, 450 Paine, Harriet Eliza. Old People 59 Pancoast and Shelly. First Book in English Litera- ture 23 Parrott, Thomas M. Plays and Poems of George Chapman 59 Paul. Herbert W. Famous Speeches 124 Paullln, Chas. O. Life of Commodore John Rodgers. 58 Pennypacker, Samuel W. Pennsylvania in American History 85 Perrln, Bernadotte. Plutarch'B Cimon and Pericles. 23 Peterson, Arthur. Sigurd, A Poem 55 Phillips, Stephen. Pietro of Siena 53 Phillips, Stephen. The New Inferno 54 Phillpotts. Eden. Wild Fruit 162 Plnchot. Gifford. The Fight for Conservation 19 Podmore, Frank. The Newer Spiritualism 272 Pollard, Alfred N. Records of the English Bible 399 Porter, Charlotte. Lips of Music 167 Porterfleld, Allen Wilson. Karl Lebrecht Immermann 399 Pound. Ezra. The Spirit of Romance 218 Powell, E. P. How to Live in the Country 449 Troctor, Mary. Half Hours with the Summer Stars 450 Protheroe's, Ernest, New Illustrated Natural History of the World 450 Qulller-Couch, Arthur. Brother Copas 443 Quiller-Couch. A. T. Lady Good-for-Nothlng 93 Ransome, Arthur. Edgar Allan Poe 16 Relnheimer, Hermann. Survival and Reproduction.. 128 Renwick, George. Finland To-day 441 Reynolds, Stephen. Along Shore 22 Rice, Wallace. The Little Book Series 59 Rlx, Frank R. The Masterslnger 60 Roberts, Charles G. D. Neighbors Unknown 438 Robertson, Donald. Beauty's Lady and Other Verses 166 Robinson, Edwin Arlington. The Town Down the River 164 Rodd, Rennell. The Englishman in Greece 221 Rolland, Remain. Jean-Cbristophe 91 Rose, Hgloise Durant. Dante 54 Rosebery, Lord. Lord Chatham 263 Salntsbury, George. Historical Manual of English Prosody 274 Salaman, Malcolm C. Old English Mezzotints 98 "Sale. Mark." A Paradise in Portugal 441 Salisbury, R. D. Elementary Physiography 23 Salley, Alexander S., Jr. Narratives of Early Caro- lina 450 Santayana, George. Three Philosophical Poets 23 Sargeaunt, John. Dryden's Poems 23 Savage, Ernest A. Story of Libraries and Book Col- lecting 95 8chelllng. Felix E. English Literature During the Lifetime of Shakespeare 156 Schrelner, Olive. Woman and Labor 470 Scollard, Clinton. Chords of the Zither 165 Scott, Cyril. The Voice of the Ancient 163 Scott, John Reed. The Imposter 94 Scott-James, R. A. An Englishman in Ireland 169 Sharp, Dallas Lore. The Face of the Fields 439 Shaw, Bernard. The Doctor's Dilemma 257 Shaw, Rafael. Spain from Within 809 Shorter, Edwin Du Bols. American Oratory of To-day 124 Shotwell, Walter G. The Life of Charles Sumner... 22 Shuman, E. L. How to Judge a Book 57 Singleton, Esther. How to Visit the Great Picture Galleries 450 Sloan, William MUligan. Life of Napoleon, revised and cheaper edition 220 Slosson, Edwin E. Great American Universities 21 Smalley, George W. Anglo-American Memories 478 Smith, Horace. The War Maker 398 Smith, Robinson. Cervante's Don Quijote 99 Snaith, J. C. Mrs. Fitz 92 Social Ethics, A Guide to Reading in 23 Splngarn, J. E. The New Criticism 249 Stlmson. Frederick Jesup. Popular Law-Maklng.... 393 Stoker, Bram. Famous Impostors 97 Storr, Francis. Half a Hundred Hero Tales 358 Stowe, Charles E., and Stowe, Lyman B. Harriet Beecher Stowe 469 Stratton-Porter, Gene. Music of the Wild 438 Straus. Ralph. Robert DodBley 51 Strindberg, August. Mother Love, and The Creditor 310 Studies In Langauge and Literature In Honor of James Morgan Hart 274 7 vm. indp:x PAGE Strunsky. Simeon. The Patient Observer 311 Super, Cbns. W. Plutarch on Education 98 "Sylva, Carmen." From Memory's Shrine 310 Taylor, Edward Robeson. Lavender and Other Verse 166 The Holy Bible, reprint of the 1011 authorized ver- sion 399 Thomas, Edward. Feminine Influence on the Poets. 398 Thurston, Katherlne Cecil. Max 93 Thurston, E. Temple. The Tatchwork Papers 219 Townley. Houghton. English Woodlands and Their Story 449 Treat. Pnyson J. The National Land System 309 Tucker, T. G. Life In the Roman World 121 Turner Essays In American History 128 Upward, Allen. Lord Allstalr's Rebellion 266 Van Hise, Charles R. Conservation of Natural Re- sources 18 Verses by "V." 162 Villarl, Pasquale. Mediaeval Italy 219 Walte, Alice V., and Taylor, Edith M. Modern Mas- terpieces of Short Prose Fiction 400 Walford, L. B. Recollections of a Scottish Novelist 95 Wallace, Alfred Russel. The World of Life 304 Wellington, Nellie lUrner. American History by American Poets 450 Wallln's The Angel of Death 221 Wallls, Frank E. How to Know Architecture 168 PAGE Ward, A. W., and Waller. A. R. Cambridge History of English Literature, Vols. V. and VI 302 Watts, Mary S. The Legacy 444 Weale, B. L. Putnam. The Conflict of Color 210 Weaver, Lawrence. Small Country Houses of To-day 447 Webb, Henry Law. The Silences of the Moon 271 Wells, H. G. The New Machlavelll 266' Wetmorc, Monroe N. Index Verborum Vcrglllanus.. 358 White, Stewart Edward. The Cabin 447 Whitney, Helen Hay. Herbs and Apples 166 Whiting, Lillian. Boston Days, revised edition 482 "Who's Who" (English) for 1911 221 Wlcksteed, Joseph H. Blake's Version of the Book of Job 220 Wilcox, Delos F. Great Cities In America 170 Williams, Jesse Lynch. The Married Life of the Frederic Carrolls 269 Williamson, C. N.. and Williamson, A. M. The Golden Silence 443 Willcocks, M. P. The Way Up 94 Wlllson, Beckles. Life and Letters of James Wolfe. 87 Winter, William. Gray Days and Gold, new edition 391 Winter, William. Over the Border 391 Woodslde District Library, Index Catalogue of the.. 221 Wordsworth's Sonnets. Riverside Press Edition.... 60 Workman, W. H.. and Workman, Fanny B. The Call of the Snowy HIspar 440 Young, A. B. Plays of Thomas Love Peacock 400 MISCELLANEOUS PAQB Acrobatic Art, A Word for. Irving K. Pond 205 Alcott Memorial, The. Charles Welsh 256 "American Economic Review, The" 818 Austen, Jane, and Winchester Cathedral. (Mrs.) if. O. Murray-Lane 298 "Byron Manuscript," The Newly Discovered. Samuel A. Tannenbaum 153 Byron Manuscript, The. Chas. ./. Sawyer 256 Cambridge Mediaeval History, Announcement of.24, 359 "Children's Library of Work and Play" 360 Copyright, Anglo-American. Lavin Hill 435 Dramatic Situations, The Thirty-six Original. F. H. Haider and David Lloyd 162 Earle, Alice Morse, Death of 170 Fogazzaro, Antonio, Death of 222 Fraser, Alexander H. R., Death of 488 "Graphic Arts, The" 222 History and Macaulay. Charles Woodward Hutson. 83 Hoe Sale, The 859 Home University Library of Modern Knowledge, Announcement of 313, 400, 483 "Hundred Years to Come, A." S. T. Kidder 435 Japanese Language, Recent Tendencies In the. Ernest W. Clement 384 Lane Co., John, Reorganization of 483 Library Renewals, The Question of. Samuel B..... Ranck 82 Lincoln as a Statesman. Chas. M. Street 8 Lippincott, Craige, Death of 318 Literature, How One Man "Took." V. Otlmore Iden 468 Lowell and the Russian Mission. George Abbot James 435 "Mizzeled," Another Mourner of. Leila M. Richards 153 PAGE Modern Language Association of America, Central Division of, Sixteenth Annual Meeting 60 Onomatopoetlcs. Caswell A. Mayo 298 Oxford Dictionary of Current English, The Concise.. 451 Plato and Dante, Cosmography of. William Fairfield Warren 153 Poetic Resemblances. E. R. F 468 Poets, Misguided, and the Public Library. Louis I. Bredvold 158 "Political Science Quarterly," One Hundredth Num- ber of 24 Preston, Harriet Waters, Death of 451 Princeton University Press, Mr. Charles Scribner's Gift to 451 "Print-Collector's Quarterly, The" 482 "School Review, The," Change of Editorial Man- agement of 860 Seche, Leon: The "Anecdotallst" of French Ro- manticism. Albert Schinz 383 Serious Reading, The Pleasures of. Anne Warner.. 118 Shakespeare, Mr. Shaw's Attitude Toward. Mar- garet Vance 118 Stevenson's Works, "Swanston Edition," Announce- ment of 451, 482 "Thirteen Original Situations,". The, and "Eleven Ancestral Witticisms." Daniel Edwards Ken- nedy 118 Tolstoy's Unpublished Manuscripts 859 Tombstones as a Source of Historical Information. John Boynton Kaiser 256 Wagner's Autobiography, Announcement of 401 Words and Their Ways. Charles Welsh 206 THE DIAL & Senu'*fflontrjlg 3ournaI of iLitetarg CCrt'tutem, BianiaBi'on, ano Information. THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th oj each month. Txkms of Subscription, 82. a year in advance, pottage prepaid in the United States, and Mexico; Foreign and Canadian postage 50 cents per year extra. Remittances should be by check, or by exprest or postal order, payable to THE DIAL COMPANY. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the current number. When no direct request to discontinue at expiration of sub- scription is received, it is assumed that a continuance of the subscription is desired. Advkbtisino Rates furnished on application. All com- munications should be addressed to THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. Entered u Second-Class Matter October 8,1892, at the Post Office at Chicago, Illinois, under Act of March 3,1879. No. 689. JANUARY 1, 1911. Vol. L. Contents. PAOB TAKING STOCK 3 CASUAL COMMENT 8 The bibliographer's task.—An eccentric and ascetic classical scholar. — The end of an unsuccessful peri- odical.— The by-products of Dr. Henry van Dyke's industry.—An age of reason in library management. — The increasing dignity of college journalism.— Emil Reich, historian, essayist, and optimist. — The Newark Museum Association. — The triumph of the Hellenists at Oxford.—To discourage book-stealing. —An extraordinary editorial reoord.—Library books by special delivery. COMMUNICATION 8 Lincoln as a Statesman. Chas. M. Street. LAFCADIO HEARN'S LAST LETTERS. Frederick W. Gookin 9 CULTURE AND BUSINESS. James Tafl Hatfield . 11 DISRAELI'S EARLIER CAREER. Laurence M. Larson 13 AN ENGLISH ESTIMATE OF POE. Charles Leonard Moore 1*3 WASTE AND CONSERVATION. Charles Richmond Henderson 18 Van Hise's The Conservation of Natural Resources in the United States.—Pinchot's The Fight for Con- servation. — Mathews's The Conservation of Water. BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS 20 Reflections of a hermit-philosopher.— Studies in the Psychology of Religion. — The diary of a danghter of the Confederacy. — A journalistic treatment of Universities.—An American's impressions of Berlin. — Life of the 'longshore fisherman. — Sketches of men and manners in old Virginia. — Glimpses of six Presidents and their families. — A ponderous biog- raphy of a great personality. — For the student of Shakespeare. BRIEFER MENTION 23 NOTES 24 TOPICS IN JANUARY PERIODICALS 25 LIST OF NEW BOOKS 25 TAKING STOCK. It is impossible to measure the influence of a great writer upon the generation in which he lives and works. Certain outward signs there are, in the form of a traceable moulding of public opinion, as shown in the way in which his idealism becomes the acknowledged motive- power of men of action, or in the form of that discipleship which makes the individual the radiating centre of a school of influence propa- gating his idealism by offshoots and obviously imitative embodiments. These effects are always more or less manifest to the student of literary history and of intellectual affairs in the broader sense, but they fall far short of giving a full account of the matter. They show us the surface- flow of the current of tendency, but they leave the subtler part of its action unrevealed. For it is by its permeation of the sub-soil of human consciousness, rather than by its visible erosions, that the influence of a great writer does its last- ing work, making possible some unexpected and rich new product of human sympathy or enlight- enment. We recall what Lowell once said of Emerson: "To him more than to all other causes together did the young martyrs of our Civil War owe the sustaining strength of thoughtful hero- ism that is so touching in every record of their lives." We think also of the example of Cer- vantes, who "smiled Spain's chivalry away," when he seemed to be doing no more than pro- vide entertainment for his readers, and of Milton, who steeled the forces of puritanism for their warfare of spirit against sense, when he seemed to be engaged only in the poetical elaboration of an outworn mythology, and of Mazzini, who raised Italy from the dead, when he seemed merely to be plotting against principalities and powers in the ordinary way of revolutionary politics. Such influences as these are slowly exerted, and it is a long while before their results are declared. They work, for the most part, upon minds without articulate power, upon the im- pressionable minds of the young, quietly but potently, until the time ripens for their trans- lation into deed. When that times comes, the outcome is apt to be surprising, for it is the resultant of innumerable spiritual forces, singly insignificant perhaps, but collectively irresis- 4 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL tible, because all are exerted in the same general direction and toward the accomplishment of the same general purpose. We believe that the chief service done by a great writer for his fellow-men is that of thus fitting for action the generation that is growing up, of quickening the sympathies and clarifying the thoughts of the young, who will later have the shaping of the world in their own hands. And this incalcu- lable power to stimulate the imagination and strengthen the will of adolescent humanity is immensely heightened by the fact that it pro- ceeds from a living being, from a voice that issues, not from the tomb, but from a breathing organ of human speech. It is true that the voice must make its appeal to nearly all who heed it through the medium of the printed page, but as long as it is known to be the utterance of a man among men it has from that very fact an added force. The reader who heeds it can- not forget that it is within the bounds of possi- bility that some favored hour may bring him into the presence of its possessor, to be thrilled by its actual accents, and warmed by the glow of the living personality which is its setting. That faculty of hero-worship which is the attri- bute of all generous young souls instinctively demands the concrete embodiment of its object; it is a tribute that loses much of its natural ardor when paid to a phantasm. The sum of all these reflections is that the world is made rich in a very special sense by the great writers who are living in it, and that no heritage of past glories can prevent humanity from seeming impoverished when its intellectual leaders cease from their labors. The observa- tion is especially pertinent just now, when the last leaf has fallen from the tree of genius that flourished so luxuriantly a generation ago, and when the world must face the fact that the ac- counts of a great literary epoch are practically closed. For it is the simple truth that there is no writer now anywhere alive who is the peer of the half-dozen who have adorned the past decade, or of the score or more who have made splendid the literary annals of the past thirty years. Just as in a commercial enterprise, the first month or so of the new year is needed to settle up the affairs of the old, and prepare its balance-sheet, so in the large matters of a cen- tury's intellectual business, it takes about a decade of the new century to clear up the ac- counts of the old, and make it possible to esti- mate the achievement of the hundredyear. Upon this occasion, then, when the twentieth century is just ten years on its way, it may not be unprofitable to take stock in the literary world, to reckon up our quick assets, and to set down what may seem advisable to the score of profit and loss. Some unsettled accounts there must needs be, some overlapping activities, for centuries are artificial periods, after all, and the Weltgeist recks little of them. Still, the line between the nineteenth century, which we know in full, and the twentieth, the develop- ments of which we may only surmise, is rather more definitely drawn than is often the case with such arbitrary divisions, and the old stock (to recur to our previous figure) is pretty well dis- posed of,while we hardly know as yet what are the wares that will take its place upon our shelves. Among the losses of the recent past we think of such great men as Tolstoy, Bjornson, Ibsen, Carducci, and Swinburne. Casting our eyes a score of years yet farther back, we have the vision of such men as Tourguenieff, Auerbach, Freytag, Hugo, Eenan, Taine, Tennyson, Browning, Rossetti, Morris, Arnold, Buskin, Carlyle, Emerson, Longfellow, Whittier, Lowell, Holmes, and Whitman. This is a cursory retrospect only; a more particular one would disclose other losses comparable with many of these. But it suffices for our purpose, which is merely to show clearly that we now live in an age comparatively poverty-stricken as to the richer personalities of literature, and seemingly incapable of holding aloft the torch so long held alight by those giant runners in the race. It is a condition too obvious to call for demonstration; the youth who in 1880 faced the future might count upon the living spiritual guidance of such men as the youth of 1910 look for in vain along the line of the literary horizon. Can it prove possible that these latter-day youth, when they in turn shall have rounded their half-century, will be able to look back during their own lives upon anything like our array of great nineteenth- century figures? Let us make a comparative and somewhat more detailed survey of the situation. For Russia, we have, in the place of Tourguenieff and Tolstoy, only such men as Andreieff and Gorky. For the Scandinavian countries, we have, in place of Bjornson and Ibsen and Drachmann and Rydberg, only such men as Hamsun and Brandes and Strindberg. The case of Germany is better, for the veterans Heyse and Spielhagen remain, and with them there are the younger figures of Hauptmann and Sudermann and Frenssen. But the case of France is depressing, since we may hardly 1911] 5 THE DIAL find substitutes for Hugo and Renan and Taine in such men as Rostand and Anatole France, even throwing in Maeterlinck (as a writer in French) for good measure. And it would be foolish even to hint that any living Italian — say d'Annunzio or Fogazzaro—could be held a worthy successor of Carducci. Spain, indeed, offers us Galdos and Echegaray, fairly equival- ent to the best of their predecessors, and Poland makes a finer showing with Sienkiewicz than it could boast at an earlier age. The greatest figure among English men of letters now living is undoubtedly that of Mr. Thomas Hardy, the sole survivor of the company of his peers—and more than peers—who stood shoulder to shoulder thirty years ago. The case of America is the most discouraging of all. We admire such men as Mr. Howells and Mr. James, and hold them in our deepest affection, but they hardly fill the places of the poets we have lately lost — Sted- man and Aldrich and Moody—and not at all the places of such seers and singers as Emerson and Whittier and Longfellow and Lowell. Now that our hurried stock-taking is over, and we are facing the essential facts of world- activity in literature at the present day, we cannot feel altogether cheerful about the situa- tion. The feeling does not arise merely from the fact that the list of the great recently de- parted vastly outweighs the list of the best that the world of the living has to offer. This fact in itself would be sufficient cause for serious reflection, and we are made still more serious when we compare the two lists more specifically, thinking of the contrast between the two sets of men in the matter of style and the general power of expression, in the matter of intellectual authority, and in the matter of moral weight. When we reinforce the comparison by taking into account the lesser writers, past and present — the men who, while not individually of the first rank, are perhaps collectively more repre- sentative of their respective periods than the men of towering genius — we have a still more depressing sense of the general lowering of standards. More often than not, we are offered preciosity and strained effort in the place of style, flippant superficiality as a substitute for wisdom, and a materialistic or hedonistic attitude toward the great problems of conduct instead of a rev- erent recognition of the moral law and glad submission to its behests. What poets of our day could say with Dante "In la sua voluntade e nostra pace," what opportunist philosophers could be sharers of Spinoza's sublime faith in the good, of Kant's awe in contemplation of man's imperious inner instinct of righteousness? Yet we may, after all, take heart when we think of the familiar saying about the darkest hour and the dawn, or when we recall Schopen- hauer's confutation of the counsels of despair. "Die Quelle, aus der die Individuen und ihre Krafte fliessen, ist unerschbpflich und unendlich wie Zeit und Raum . . . Jene unendliche Quelle kann kein endliches Maass erschbpfen: daher steht jeder im Keime erstickten Begebenheit, oder Werk, zur Wiederkehr noch immer die unverminderte Unendlichkeit offen." There may be prophets even now growing up among us, in the most adverse environment, who are destined in days to come to hold the world's ear no less compulsively than the greatest of those whose recent loss seems to have left us so strangely bereft of inspiring guidance. CASUAL COMMENT. The bibliographer's task, like that of the lexicographer, the index-maker, the compiler of almanacs, and many another fashioner of the tools used by other workers in literature or science, is a rather cheerless one. A consciousness of duty per- formed must often be the chief if not the only reward. In turning the leaves of the latest issue of "The Bulletin of the Bibliographical Society of America," which contains an appended list of "American Bibliographical Publications" and one of "Bibliog- raphies of Bibliographies," one cannot but admire the zeal and self-devotion displayed in the compila- tion of many of the learned but very restrictedly useful works there mentioned. For example, what return in fame or fortune can be hoped for by the author of a bibliography of writings on paraphysis and hypophysis in the brain of the alligator, or by the enthusiastic aurist who has laboriously compiled a "partial bibliography of recent papers relating to the Eustachian tube "? A little better chance for popular recognition seems probable in the case of another bibliographer who has interested himself in the literature relating to "meals for school- children" and has drawn up a list of references. And when we come to the subject of aeronautics we find ourselves in a domain comparatively rich in appeal to the average reader. A " Bibliography of Aeronautics," from the pen of Mr. P. Brockett, and published by the Smithsonian Institution, is de- scribed as reaching to the rather surprising length of nine hundred and fifty-four pages. But not one of these special bibliographical lists can be compared in dryness and technicality with the bibliographies of bibliographies, twenty-five of which are named in the "Bulletin." Especially admirable in these respects is M. Leon VaUeVs "Bibliographic des Bibliog- raphies," containing, with its supplement, more than 6 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL eleven hundred pages. Another monumental work in the same department is the great "Biblio- graphic pale'ographico-diplomatico-bibliographique gdnerale," in two volumes, by P. Namur, published at Lie*ge in 1838. In good truth, there seems to be no sort of book, however remote from ordinary human interests, that cannot be written if one will but follow Johnson's example in the making of his dictionary, and set oneself doggedly to it. Never- theless, it is not likely that bibliography will ever be one of the crowded professions. As ECCENTRIC AND ASCETIC CLASSICAL SCHOLAR, of vast learning and striking originality, was re- moved from our corporeal vision in the recent death of Professor J. E. B. Mayor, of the University of Cambridge. Best known to the world of letters by his magnum, opus, his erudite edition of Juvenal, he was known to his friends as a vegetarian, a tee- totaler, a bachelor recluse, a lover of old authors, and the possessor of one of the finest libraries in Cambridge, all bought with the money saved on food, as he took pride in declaring. On his semi- starvation diet, which he succeeded in bringing down as low as twopence a day, he reached the ripe age of eighty-five and over, having in the strenuous days of his editorial labors on Juvenal proved to his own satisfaction that the less he ate the better he could work. It was only medical intervention that cut short a rather prolonged period of no eating at all. Omniscience was his foible, and he could quote from the classics in a way that might have made old Robert Burton turn green with envy. The special- ization of modern science he had small regard for, holding that the man of science could not see life steadily and see it whole. He was fond of lecturing, being a frequent speaker at the Victoria Institute, in London, and he was a pulpit orator of marked originality. His studies in Juvenal of the luxury and corruption of Rome had led him, his friends averred, to adopt the simple life; but he himself denied that even in the worst days of the Empire the Romans were any more addicted to luxury than some modern nations. Whatever the cause, he adopted a mode of life that made him a singularly interesting and attractive figure in the university world in which he lived. • ■ • The heroic end of an unsuccessful periodi- cal is chronicled in an open letter from Mr. C. D. Spivak, 240-242 Metropolitan Building, Denver, Colorado, addressed "to medical librarians and all booklovers." The periodical in question died game, as the following extracts from the letter will show. "The year 1898 will be known in the annals of medicine by an epoch-making event. In that year * Medical Libraries,' a bi-monthly publication de- voted to the interests of medical libraries, first saw the light of day in the city of Denver. For several years it made its irregular and spasmodic appear- ance, and closed its career in a blaze of glory, A.D. 1902. Its circulation reached the astounding num- ber of 120. What it lacked in quantity it made up in quality. Among its admirers, subscribers, and contributors it counted the foremost librarians of the day— [here a brilliant galaxy of names]. Now comes the proud editor and publisher of said defunct periodical and offers to send to all medical librarians and to all who are interested in freak medical journalism, complete sets of vols. 2, 3, and 4, and incomplete sets of vols. 1 and 5, for the asking. All the said sad editor asks in return is that these, his dear departed ones, be reverently laid out, decently shrouded, adequately coffined, properly epitaphed, securely inhumed, and be unostenta- tiously gathered unto their fathers in God's acre. He devoutly and prayerfully hopes for their resur- rection." Who now will give these "dear departed ones" a reposeful abiding place where the wicked cease from troubling and the weary be at rest? The by-products of Dr. Henry van Dyke's industry as preacher and teacher, which have mostly taken the form of poems, essays, short stories, and chapters on religion and ethics, are so considerable in volume that all sorts of extravagant estimates have been formed concerning the annual amount received by him in royalties on his more than thirty volumes of prose and verse. Probably his revenue from this source has now become suffi- ciently large to render his salary as professor of English literature at Princeton not exactly indis- pensable to him, and to make irresistibly inviting the prospect of a life free from the irksomeness of regular lectures, weekly faculty meetings, and stated examinations. At any rate the published report of his resignation from the chair which he has held since 1900 — most of that time in connection with the pastorate of the Brick Presbyterian Church in New York — need not greatly surprise the world, and to his readers the announcement will bring hope and expectation of an even more rapid suc- cession of books from his pen than hitherto. In enumerating the activities of this versatile pastor- professor, one should not fail to mention his appoint- ment as American lecturer at the University of Paris in 1908-9, when he chose for his subject "Le ge'nie de l'Amerique" and, incidentally, disap- pointed some of his admirers by not, as they thought, making the most of his opportunity. It will be interesting to note what effect his greater leisure will have on his literary productivity. • • ■ An age of reason in library management was entered upon, in this country at least, as long ago as the formation of the American Library Association — at the centennial celebration of the Declaration of Independence. The mediaeval chain- ing of books and the much more recently prevalent jealous suspicion of library visitors and readers have in our own times given way to cordial and trustful relations between library administrators and library users. In the latest issue of the "Brooklyn Public Library Handbook" one notes approvingly 1911.] THE DIAL the extreme liberality with which that library is conducted. Its privileges are open to "any resi- dent of Greater New York or any non-resident in business in the city." Its travelling libraries are delivered free of all expense to any society, club, charitable institution, or similar organization, within the Borough. The library and all its branches are open for the circulation of books every day in the year. Works in several volumes are counted as single books and are lent as such. Special cards, entitling the holder to six books at a time in addition to the two books obtainable on the regular card, are issued to teachers, students, and others engaged in special study. Vacation privileges are liberal. Books for the blind are "delivered through the mail to the nearest Branch Post Office free of charge, and may be returned in the same way." One remnant of bureaucratic unreason, however, still lingers in this admirably administered institution: "No book will be exchanged on the same day on which it is taken out, unless a mistake has been made by the Library assistant" (But "a book may be returned at any time," which is well.) The defense of this regula- tion is plausible enough, but the fact that some very busy libraries, including the Boston Public Library, permit as frequent exchanges as the borrower wishes, tends greatly to weaken its force. The vigorous growth of the Brooklyn library since its small beginnings of thirteen years ago speaks vol- umes (some six hundred thousand, we believe) for the wisdom and efficiency of its management. • • • The increasing dignity of college journal- ism manifests itself from time to time in noteworthy ways, and rejoices those who see in the student periodical a most valuable and efficient school of authorship as well as an institution for the training of administrative and business talent in the publish- ing field. Not long ago one of the Harvard under- graduate publications (the "Lampoon," we believe) erected a fine building for its own use and moved into it with appropriate ceremonies; and now word comes of the incorporation of the Daily Princetonian Publishing Company, with Mr. Charles Scribner, of the class of '75, Mr. Bayard Stockton, '72, and three members of the senior class, constituting a board of directors, and Dr. Woodrow Wilson, '79, Mr. Robert Bridges, '79, and Mr. Andrew C. Imbrie, '95, as further members of the corporation. The purpose of the incorporating act is to establish a fixed policy for this student daily and to give it the benefit of advisory aid and support from a cer- tain number of directors chosen out of the alumni. Ehil Reich, historian, essayist, and optim- ist, Hungarian by birth, cosmopolitan in culture and tastes, and a most stimulating writer on a great variety of subjects, died in London the 11th of December. After receiving his academic training at Prague, Budapest, and Vienna, he devoted him- self to that self-education which is the beginning of real wisdom, and which he hoped to acquire for him- self in the great libraries of the world. But by the time he was thirty years old he decided that for the true comprehension of history, his chosen study, something besides books was necessary; but he started on those travels which brought him to this country for a five-years' sojourn, and thence turned him toward France for another four years, and to England for twelve, in the course of which he lec- tured frequently at Oxford, Cambridge, and in London, and was employed by the British govern- ment in the preparation of the Venezuela boundary case. His published writings are many, but we shall name here only his "Hungarian Literature," "History of Civilization," "General History," "Foundations of Modern Europe," " Success among Nations," "Plato as an Introduction to Modern Life," and "Success in Life." A breezy, buoyant, optimistic tone characterizes his work and has con- tributed not a little to his success in letters and in life. • • • The Newark Museum Association, which has issued its First Annual Report, was organized in the spring of 1909 "to establish in the City of Newark, New Jersey, a Museum for the reception and exhibition of articles of art, science, history and technology, and for the encouragement of the study of the arts and sciences." Incorporated under the laws of a State that has sanctioned the incor- poration of many less beneficent societies, the Newark Museum Association has begun its educa- tional and uplifting work by opening rooms in the city library building, under the active supervision of the librarian, Mr. John Cotton Dana, for the free exhibition of permanent and loan collections of paintings and other art objects, and of such other articles as may properly find a place in the cases and on the shelves of a museum. This movement for increasing the usefulness of Newark's fine, large library building in every legitimate way calls to mind the similar educational activities entered upon years ago by the City Library Association of Spring- field, Mass., where, as it happens, Mr. Dana was librarian immediately before his call to Newark, and where a handsome white marble structure has just been added to the library-museum group of buildings. It seems not unlikely that New Jersey may be here somewhat indebted to Massachusetts for a valuable suggestion. Mr. Dana, we note, is the secretary of the board of trustees of the new association. ... The triumph of the Hellenists at Oxford, in the recent vote of the Congregation to retain compulsory Greek, after a year of discussion as to the advisability of yielding to the "practical" trend of education and abolishing the prescribed study of the noblest of literatures, will rejoice all true friends to the cause of letters. The Oxford action is of world-wide interest and will exert world-wide in- fluence. Especially will the English-speaking world take note of this momentous decision of a long-vexed question, and will pause in its impetuous eagerness 8 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL to substitute what it imagines to be pecuniarily gain- ful studies in the place of what it is disposed to regard as the mere frills and foolish adornments of elegant culture. Professor Gilbert Murray, it is interesting to learn, favors a certain degree of re- laxation in Greek requirements, and would have the schools of science and mathematics relieved from the compulsory study of that language. Further, in answer to the gibe that Greek is a class badge, "So, a short time ago was French," he says, "and, a short time before that, the alphabet. We want Greek to be a class badge no longer." This Oxford decision, retaining Greek and thus causing its re- tention in the secondary- schools, will tend greatly to prevent its soon becoming a mere class badge. • • • To discourage book-stealing from libraries any helpful suggestion cannot fail to be always welcome. From Lewis ton, Maine, there comes, through the columns of "Public Libraries," an ingenious and original plan for the diminution of unregistered book-borrowing. The librarian at Lewiston writes that with a circulation of about sixty thousand volumes an annual loss of more than one hundred and seventy-five from the open shelves had been sadly noted, until the following preventive device was adopted: "Into the card-pocket in the back of each book is thrust a long card of some brilliant-colored stiff cardboard which extends two inches or so beyond the cover when the book is closed. These cards are stamped conspicuously with consecutive numbers, thereby keeping tally and suggesting method to the borrowers. They also bear the request stamped with rubber type, 'Please exchange this card at the desk.' . . . The long cards effectually prevent anyone from forget- ting to register his book, and their vivid color ren- ders them so conspicuous that he hesitates to dis- pose of them if he is not entirely alone." This plan has so far worked admirably at Lewiston. For further details see the December number of the above-named periodical. • ■ ■ An extraordinary editorial record has been made, in his busy life of letters, by Sir Wil- liam Robertson Nicoll, better known, before his knighthood of this year, as Dr. W. Robertson Nicoll. From a speech of his published in "The British Weekly," of which he has long been editor, it appears that in the omniscience and omnipotence of his early prime—that is, in the year 1886, when he must have been about thirty-six years old—he undertook the editorship of some half-dozen periodi- cals at the same time. They included "The Brit- ish Weekly," "The Bookman," "The Expositor," "Woman at Home," and certain other publications issued by the book-publishing house with which he is still connected. That he is now content to drive a team of fewer horses may indicate that with ad- vancing years he has become a wiser even though not a sadder man. A continuation and publication of these literary reminiscences of a remarkably busy and successful literary man would gratify his wide circle of readers. Library books by special delivery may now be had from the St Louis Public Library, which has made arrangements with the Missouri District Telegraph Co. to send books by its messenger boys to such card-holders as care to avail themselves of this service. The charge for delivery or return of books within the city limits varies according to dis- tance from ten to sixty cents, and covers simply the cost of carriage. If the innovation meets with favor, the library may institute a messenger service of its own and thus considerably reduce the cost to the card-holder; but such mode of delivery will prob- ably never become inexpensive enough to be other than an emergency service. Strictly speaking, this is really no innovation in the library world. For many years the Philadelphia Library, a semi-public institution, has employed district telegraph messen- gers to deliver and bring back books, at the mem- ber's expense and upon his request. And many other libraries must have had more or less frequent recourse to the same convenient service. COMMUNICA TION. LINCOLN AS A STATESMAN. (To the Editor of The Dial.) In the review of Goldwin Smith's "Reminiscences," in your issue of December 16, Mr. Smith is commended for his freedom from the " popular rage" with regard to Lincoln on the ground that "Lincoln's chief merit lay in his unfailing honesty." The reviewer maintains that Lincoln was not a statesman, and did not even have an appreciation of the effect of his own position, in its national as well as inter-national bearings. He says: "He [Lincoln] entertained the apologetic and partial reasons which occupied public attention and concealed in part the true force of events. The working classes in England had a more thoroughly correct view of the war than most Americans. The question was not whether we should allow another nation to spring up on the soil of the United States, but whether a slave-holding nation should establish itself at our side with exacting and hostile claims." In 1858, in the well-known debates, Lincoln laid the basis of his position in a scriptural principle that de- feated him for the United States Senate that year and elected him President two years later. That principle found its first great impulse, under our government, in Webster's and Corwin's opposition to the Mexican War's development into a greed for "more space." But neither Webster nor Corwin, appreciating as they did the effect of more territory as a menace to fratri- cidal strife, dared recognize the real condition of the State as Lincoln did. And while Seward announced the "irrepressible conflict," Lincoln saw in the conflict a principle beyond: this nation could not endure, one-half free and one-half slave. This found utterance in 1858. And here we have what our reviewer says Lincoln should have appreciated and did not. When the war came, his position as President was, to obey the Consti- 1911.] 9 THE DIAL tution, suppress the rebellion, defend the union, preserve the government. The war developed the opportunity to issue the Proclamation of Emancipation without vio- lating the Constitution. Lincoln was not a soldier; he was a statesman. Lincoln never believed "a slave-holding nation should establish itself at our side with exacting and hostile claims." He warned us that, if it did, that nation would either absorb the nation to the north or be ab- sorbed by it. The states would continue to be one household, even though a new house must be built and new regulations adopted. Further, Lincoln announced a principle of statesman- ship in 1859, applying it to the impassioned conditions then existing, which any student of Lincoln, contemplat- ing him as detached from the "indiscriminate lauda- tion" that sees little but his honesty or his Republic- anism, cannot but appreciate in a Lincoln attitude towards the impassioned conditions uppermost in our present political agitations. This principle appears in a letter of April 6, 1859, declining an invitation to speak at a Thomas Jefferson Birthday function in Boston. The entire letter should be read to appreciate the force of the principle. That principle is that man must be considered above the dollar. It is truer now than it was then: "It is now no child's play to save the principles of Jefferson from total overthrow in this nation." Litterateurs can profit by a sane study of Lincoln's type of mind and style of expression as much as can those property-intoxicated Republicans who seek justifi- cation for their policies and methods by a use of the magic name of Lincoln as a Republican. In the pre- face to Emerson's " Parnassus," the seer says that poetry teaches the enormous force of a few words. Poetry teaches this as much by its enormous waste of words as it does by its occasional use of a unique word or phrase or verse that charms the ear or mind forever. Lincoln teaches the meaning of a few words as poetry cannot. There must always, of necessity, be more waste than wisdom in versifying. But Lincoln was brief, and his words, "candid as mirrors, gave the per- fect image of his thought." Time cannot change their fundamental value to any student of organized society. His Gettysburg address said what was most needed to be said. And it is fortunate that it was said in a "per- fectly simple and straightforward way." And, strange as it may seem, the literary quality of pathos is here in its sombre beauty as I have not seen it noticed by the "critics," as it is not in much of his more lauded ex- pressions. One word more. We should cease trying to hammer honesty into the exquisite natures of our budding men in their childhood by the use of the names of Lincoln and Washington. It is as childish for grown-up men to do this as it is to do that other childish thing that Lincoln ridiculed,— doing things " under the party lash that they would not on any account or for any consider- ation do otherwise." Talk to the children about Lincoln's shrewdness more and his honesty less and we will appre- ciate the force of honesty more,— will realize that he who is single-minded can see what humor meant to Lincoln, and in the new light will feel a new patience and faith, helpful to our children, helpful to our pens, helpful to our citizenship, because we have been born again in new minds as well as hearts. Chas. M. Street. St. Joseph, Mo., Dec. 23, 1910. Uj geto looks. Lafcadio Heabn's Last Letters.* The profound impression made by the publi- cation, four years ago, of "The Life and Letters of Lafcadio Hearn " is deepened and strength- ened by the printing of another volume of his letters. Those now given to the world were, for the most part, written to Professor Basil Hall Chamberlain of the Imperial Japanese Univer- sity, a friend for whom Hearn felt high respect and warm affection. They form a connected series extending from early in 1890, when Hearn first arrived in Japan, to the latter part of 1894. In them he poured out his inmost thoughts, feel- ing sure of intellectual sympathy whatever might be the subject that happened to engage his at- tention at the moment. The charm of these letters is manifold. The wide range that they cover is remarkable, and especially so considering the isolated life that Hearn led. A mind so keenly alive as his and so extraordinarily sensitive would have found food for thought in any environment. That he should crave novelty is not strange. Nor is it cause for wonder that the shyness that held him aloof when in personal contact with his fellows should have as its correlative poignant longing for companionship with friends whom he could recognize as his intellectual equals. Such com- panionship Professor Chamberlain gave him. In return he let few days pass during the years of his residence in Matsue and Kumamoto without a chat with him on paper. These outpourings are the fruit of a mind surcharged with thought and impelled by inner necessity to its expression. With delightful absence of self-consciousness the writer tells of the happenings about him, comments upon the curious lore he has picked up, and describes lovely scenes he has chanced upon in his wan- derings. From these he turns to thoughts sug- gested by books he has read, or evoked by memories of past experiences of men and things. Now he discourses upon Balzac and Zola, then upon gothic architecture, or the utility of super- stition, or the impermanence of opinions, and anon he recalls a dramatic episode about a Polish brigade in the Franco-Prussian war. Again he is captivated by some Japanese folk- tale, or provoked by the stupidity of the mission- aries, or concerned with the rhymes in Provencal * The Japanese Letters of Lafcadio Hkarn. Edited, with an introduction, by Elizabeth Bisland. Dlustrated. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. 10 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL poetry. But whatever his theme he never fails to exemplify his ideas about letter writing. "What yon say about letters that coulent de source I feel strong sympathy with for two reasons. In the first place letters not spontaneous give one the notion that the writer feels a certain distrust in abandoning his thoughts to paper, and consequently has not toward his friend that perfect feeling which casts out fear. The second is that the receiver is also forced into a certain constraint and artificialness in his replies; — then the matter becomes a mere drudgery. Of course there are other cases, — such as the very curious one you suggest, which I take to be ruled by a sort of [esthetic formality, —the reluctance of the artist to be for a moment in- artistic, like Theophile Gautier answering a reproach about not writing by the phrase: 'Ask a carpenter to plane a few planks for fun.'" It is easy to see how this phrase of Gautier's must have amused Hearn, for writing was his chief recreation as well as his life work. His letters to his friends were written with the utmost ease and pleasure. His books, on the contrary, were the product of unremitting effort. "I never write," he confessed to Professor Chamberlain, in a letter describing his method of work, "without painfully forcing myself to it." Every page was rewritten at least four or five times, and one much admired paragraph was recast no less than seventeen times before he could accept it as an adequate vehicle for the expression of his thought. "Composition becomes difficult only when it becomes work,— that is literary labour without a strong inspira- tional impulse or an emotional feeling behind it." Being written without any expectation that they would ever be printed, his letters have less refined subtlety of phrase than his books, but neither this quality nor that of style is wanting, and they have also the directness and vivacity of the sketches of a master painter. In them his delight in the "physiognomical beauty" of words—to quote his own phrase—finds full vent. Professor Chamberlain's condemnation of the use of Japanese words in Hearn's books called forth this outburst: "For me words have colour, form, character; they have faces, ports, manners, gesticulations; they have moods, humours, eccentricities;—they have tints, tones, personalities. That they are unintelligible makes no difference at all. Whether you are able to speak to a stranger or not, you can't help being impressed by his appearance sometimes, — by his dress, — by his air, — by his exotic look. He is also unintelligible, but not a whit less interesting. Nay 1 he is interesting BECAUSE he is unintelligible. I won't cite other writers who have felt this same way about African, Chinese, Arabian, Hebrew, Tartar, Indian and Basque words, — I mean novelists and sketch writers. "To such it has been justly observed: — 'The readers do not feel as you do about words. They can't be sup- posed to know that you think the letter A is blush- crimson, and the letter E pale sky-blue. They can't be supposed to know that you think KH wears a beard and a turban; that initial X is a mature Greek with wrinkles; or that "— no —" has an innocent, lovable, and childlike aspect.' All this is true from the critic's standpoint. But from ours, the standpoint of — The dreamer of dreams To whom what is and what seems Is often one and the same, — To us the idea is thus: — "Because people cannot see the colour of words, the tints of words, the secret ghostly motions of words: — "Because they cannot hear the whispering of words, the rustling of the procession of letters, the dream- flutes and dream-drums which are thinly and weirdly played by words : — "Because they cannot perceive the pouting of words, the frowning and fuming of words, the weeping, the raging and racketing and rioting of words: — "Because they are insensible to the phosphorescing of words, the fragrance of words, the noisesomeness of words, the tenderness or hardness, the dryness or juici- ness of words; — the interchange of values in the gold, the silver, the brass, and the copper of words: — "Is that any reason why we should not try to make them hear, to make them see, to make them feel? Surely one who has never heard Wagner, cannot ap- preciate Wagner without study! Why should the peo- ple not be forcibly introduced to foreign words, as they were introduced to tea and coffee and tobacco? "Unto which the friendly reply is, —' Because they won't buy your book, and you won't make any money.' "And I say: —' Surely 1 have never yet made, and never expect to make any money. Neither do I expect to write ever for the multitude. I write for beloved friends who can see colour in words, can smell the per- fume of syllables in blossom, can be shocked with the fine elfish electricity of words. And in the eternal order of things, words will eventually have their rights recognized by the people.'" Notwithstanding his love for the mere ab- stract sound of words, Hearn was too much of an artist in their use and too clear a thinker to find satisfaction in the sound if there were even a suspicion of failure to convey the precise shade of meaning intended. The qualities he perceived in them existed for him because he recognized the possibility of portraying the most intangible and evanescent nuances, because he felt their power of suggestion, of connotation, of poetic imagery more convincing than direct statement. Yet he realized also the value of simplicity. "After attempting my utmost at ornamentation," he wrote, " I am converted by my own mistakes. The great point is to touch with simple words." The letters printed in this volume reflect the varying moods of the writer. The pendulum swings first this way and then that. As he him- self says, " they are certainly a record of illusion and disillusion." So many are the themes touched upon that a dozen extracts would not suffice to give an idea of their variety and inter- 1911.] 11 THE DIAL est. There is a great deal in them ahout Japan and the Japanese, but much less on the whole than one would expect to find. He was, how- ever, addressing those who knew Japan better than he did, and the thing that most fre- quently crops out is his detestation of " the frank selfishness, the apathetic vanity, the shallow vulgar scepticism of the New Japan that prates its contempt about Tempo times, and ridicules the dear old men of the pre-meiji era." Mrs. Wetmore's preface and introduction are devoted to a warm appreciation of Hearn as a man and a writer, and to an impassioned vindi- cation of her friend from the aspersions cast upon him by the circulation of what she stig- matizes as "unveracious legends" about his early life. "Among the legends," she tells us, "is a great deal of fanciful nonsense wrapped up in the technical verbiage of the specialist, which always daunts and convinces the ignor- ant." On the facts as related by her she makes out a good prima facie case. But Hearn's readers will not need this testimony. For them the nobility of his character shines forth in his writings. Mrs. Wetmore does not overstate the truth when she asserts that "his preoccupa- tion with all visible fairness is the most salient character of his genius, and a careful study of his books and of his great mass of letters will show that he is singularly free from all gross- ness—not once in any word of his, written or printed, is found the leer of the ape, the repul- sive grin of the satyr." Grapes are not gathered from thorns. The significant quality in all of Hearn's writings is the mental and moral uplift. As happily phrased by his biographer: "To those who can see no purpose in giving one's whole life to attain artistic excellence in the expression of thought and emotion Lafcadio Hearn's personality will convey no meaning. But those capable of being touched and stirred by such a nature will brush away the ' imperti- nences' and find inspiration and stimulus in the personality of Lafcadio Hearn." Frederick W. Gookin. Culture and Business.* With praiseworthy directness, and on regret- table paper, Mr. Crane assembles all his resour- ces for an annihilating assault upon all kinds of higher schooling for young men who have to make their own living and who expect to pursue • The Utility of All Kinds of Higher Schooling. An Investigation. By R. T. Crane. Chicago: Published by the Author. a commercial or industrial career. No one can read the entire book without getting the im- pression of wholesome independence and of a blunt and business-like purpose of going straight at the facts as the author grasps them. I take strong exception to Mr. Crane's statement, "I shall receive neither the thanks nor the sym- pathy of the college clique for this investigation," for every friend of culture must welcome all the light which can be thrown upon the seamy side of our educational system : would to God there were less of truth in these indictments! Here, for example, is the charge that our colleges are exerting an influence in the direction of "hedg- ing" and away from frankness; while nothing less than fatal, if true, is the accusation that "educated people take just as much interest in worldly matters as others." Is it worth while to pay attention to this sort of challenge? If I read the signs rightly, I think we'd better! Like Lord Byron, whose "young mind was sacrificed to books," enormous numbers of our best youth, in Mr. Crane's opinion, are being condemned to miserable failure by our academic practices. Not only is the author quite right in his opinion that the atmosphere of most Ameri- can colleges is charged with little of the serious- ness of business, but there are a good many other weak points which might equally well be noticed. Comparing the English universities, we must bitterly lament the paralysis of the American student's personal interest in govern- mental and other high responsibilities; even worse is the charge, which might sometimes be laid against our universities, of capitulation to barbarism and impiety, their ill-bestowed hos- pitality toward those who show no allegiance to supreme values. Our higher schools often harbor a set of students whose doings might better be the subject of consideration by that publication of the Carnegie Institution which presents Contributions to the Study of the Behavior of Lower Organisms; after years of toleration, specimens whom no amount of curry- ing can ever groom are turned forth to be- come leaders of Philistinism, High-priests of the Unimportant. The acceptance of size as the canon of efficiency is nothing short of wicked. While we pay full tribute to the author's candor, we are not without disturbing suspicions that his dialectic method is not quite impec- cable: certain definite statements are deficient in complete accuracy, as when he attributes to the president of Yale (page 322) a well-known remark of the distinguished governor-elect of New Jersey. His way of collecting facts, by 12 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL a series of peremptory categorical questions, would be more convincing were it not for his sovereign unconcern in brushing aside the pre- ponderance of the direct evidence submitted; those who take pains to answer seem too prevail- ingly "evasive," or "prejudiced," or "liars." Yielding to none in our welcome of a publica- tion which is announced as a "live wire," we must still regret to see it spluttering useless sparks and at times endangering the connections of its trolley. One statement, at least, I be- lieve to be cruelly unjust: "College men are seldom found to be conspicuous in the great moral questions affecting the welfare and happi- ness of mankind." The author's concession in favor of a universal grammar-school course would seem arbitrary in logic, — at least to some of my best Greek and Italian friends residing on Halsted Street, Chicago. I feel sure that if letters had been addressed to a hundred of the leading business men, they would have given strong testimony to their conviction that there is "nothing in it" when it comes to cutting off the potential wages which a normal child could earn at shoe-blacking parlors or news-stands. Many of them go back to the analphabetic felicities of "a time when we had little of it," and have small opinion of any betterment of the race by such conventional sophistications as reading and writing. A year in the business itself, or in some wage-paying factory, they pretend, is worth for their purposes any three years in a public grammar-school. Interpreter Kelly reports that the Alaskan Eskimos, who have as yet seen no outsider who can equal them in fishing and shore-whaling, assert stoutly that the whole tribe of white men is " ilualok" or " unfit for anything." The author frankly delimits his cultural con- fession by the following definition: "By edu- cation I mean knowing important things." Yet even when we reduce the whole problem to these simple terms, organized scholarship still offers the only way by which to discover and hold in check the infinitely expanding body of facts. Even " the fellow with the flying-machine bug, and the person attacked by the archaeological germ" (page 227) have a way of showing themselves not in the least contemptible in the estimate of our race. Mr. Crane is now and then generously inconsistent to the bald and utilitarian doctrine which he preaches, as when he is lenient enough to imply an approval of some "general education," apart from profes- sional studies, in the case of physicians. The man who covers only his own field never does quite cover it, — the web of human relations is too intricate for that, — and the educated man must be quick to infer the larger whole from a concrete symbol. The rise of Germany and the rapid progress of Japan are victories for the professor; the significant generals of our Civil War were trained at West Point; our State universities are making investigations which will result in saving millions of dollars to farmers who have been paying from four to ten times as much as they ought to do for plant- food. The average net earnings of an acre of wheat amount to less than eight dollars an acre, which the information gained at the University of Illinois increases by more than twenty dollars an acre. Mr. Crane's nihilistic skepticism reaches a point of simplicity which is no less than pathetic, and makes one wish to cover, rather than indelicately expose, the touching and childlike innocence of such statements as "A teacher can tell his pupils nothing more than they can find for themselves in the books"; "every feature of the farming industry was thoroughly understood long before agricultural colleges were started "; "as all libraries have the various subjects tabulated, I can see no reason [this is credible] why persons desiring any special knowledge cannot be placed in the way of finding it by the librarians." But one cannot discuss with heart-felt interest a book whose scope ends at a point a long way this side of where the handling of so supremely vital a matter as education should begin. This plausible and crepitant work never comes within range of the thing which matters most to a lover of his kind. It has frankly to do with financial success as a goal. "Start with the boy, and make your own help"; "the only thing that interests business men is whether a man under- stands their business and can promote it"; "breadth and theories are just what the young man does not need for business success"; "can a foreman do his work better if he be on in- timate speaking terms with the azimuth?" It is simply impertinent to set up as a final norm the standards of the Chicago market-place, a centre of hustling and bustling activities, but hardly a place which has done much to "Give to barrows, trays and pans Grace and glimmer of romance; Bring the moonlight into noon, Hid in gleaming piles of stone; On the city's pave'd street Plant gardens lined with lilacs sweet." However forcible the putting of Mr. Crane's contention may be, it is far too individualistic and self-centered. Conceding, if need be, all 1911.] 13 THE DIAI, that he would prove, and more, we still enter a demurrer against his conclusion. We do not admit that "the greatest pleasure a man can have arises from the feeling that he has been a success in a creditable occupation." "If money is not the whole thing, I think it is safe to say that it is probably seventy-five per cent of the whole thing" — can this be the ethics of that America whose infancy endured so full a bap- tism of sacrifice and privation? Let us assert in a very clear tone that with the mere accumula- tion of money an idealist has simply nothing to do. This doesn't imply that money has no value: because I insist on a little salt in my breakfast-food, it is not to be inferred that a five-pound bag of it is to be upset into the oatmeal-boiler. If it be true that the law of business success in Chicago demands a sur- render to worldliness, all the more is it forever our plainest duty to challenge, defy, and insult that law. The "hard-fisted battle" which we are invited to enter neither satisfies our taste nor enjoys our respect. As Romain Holland says in his monograph on Beethoven: "I do not call heroes those who have triumphed by thought or force; I call heroes those who were great by their heart." Not for all the spoils of that clangorous field will we part with the sense of finer values, that delicacy, tact, and refine- ment which belong to the education of a gentle- man: Adde quod iiigenuas didicissc fideliter artes Emollit mores, nec unit esse feros. There is indeed, thank Heaven, "something better than mechanical pursuits and the ordi- nary drudgery of life." If these matters be lightly esteemed by the Chicago business world, so much the worse for the world of business in Chicago. If a leaf of autobiography be permissible, I should like to add that I was fairly started and sufficiently successful in a Chicago business from which every one of my immediate peers among the office-boys of that era (as far as I have kept track of them) has since gained a fortune; no one of them any longer can experience my own romantic thrill of magic novelty in taking a turn in a motor-car, —but I believe that I have always been glad that I turned to making my own living in a less remunerative career, for the simple reason that all other pleasures are not worth its pains. I cannot envy even the augmented resources of my sometime cronies: "He gave them their request, but sent leanness into their soul." If a humanist has no luxuries, he has, it is to be hoped, the gift to let them go by, and to address himself blithely to rolling the Sisyphus-stone of daily tasks. There may be, as Mr. Crane's book alleges, some traitors to scholarly asceticism; but every now and then emerges " as a protest and a sign" some Agassiz who has "no time to make money," some Bur- bank who refuses to be syndicated. And so we have faith that the thirst of the soul for "useless" truth and beauty will never be quenched; some of those in whom Mr. Crane sees only "miserable failures" we shall still salute as the salt of the earth. Some eternal values, higher even than "brains and good character coupled with fair-play and industry," irreproachably excellent as these virtues doubt- less are, have been pitifully crowded out in the hap-hazard development of standards in our turbulent American life. The tragic possibility that the heritage of human culture might perish from the earth is by no means inconceivable. To our institutions of higher learning is com- mitted the sacred duty of helping to nourish and keep alive this delicate plant of pure humanism. As far as the college ministers to this, as far as it makes its students free of the society of the idealists, poets, and prophets of mankind, it is valuable beyond all price to our American state; if it fails here, it may well be thrown ruthlessly into humanity's melting-pot. James Taft Hatfield. Disraeli's Earlier Career.* With the death of Lord Beaconsfield (April 19, 1881), there passed from the stage of Eng- lish politics one who was not only an eminent statesman but a masterful political artist as well. Benjamin Disraeli's life, particularly his earlier career, was one of singular variety and seeming contradictions: a statesman and a lit- terateur, an idealist and a political campaigner, a radical and a Tory, a Jew and a Christian, to mention only the more evident antitheses, he still achieved the remarkable feat of shaping a career, which, when closely studied, seems fairly consistent after all. It would seem that such a personality would offer unusual attractions to a biographer, and that such a career would be the object of early and detailed study. Biog- raphies have been written, but they are scarcely more than sketches, — wholly inadequate when we consider the importance of the subject and •The Life of Benjamin Disraeli, Earl of Beacons- field. By William Flavelle Monypeuny. Volume I. Illus- trated. New York: The Macmillan Co. 14 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL the wealth of available materials. For thirty years the world has waited for a truly exhaustive biography of Lord Beaconsfield. The materials for the personal side of such a study are found in the " Disraeli Papers," a large collection of letters and other private documents which on the death of Lord Beacons- field continued in the care of his private secre- tary, Lord Rowton. Seven years ago Lord Kowton died, and the papers passed into the keeping of the trustees of the Beaconsfield estate. According to the publishers' announcement, it was "then decided to have the long-awaited biography done, and Mr. Monypenny of the London 'Times,' a well-known journalist, was selected to do the work, and since then he has been constantly engaged in the task." The first volume has just appeared; and, according to present plans, the work will be completed in three or four volumes. It is natural to compare this study with the biography of Disraeli's great rival, Mr. Glad- stone, which was issued some years ago. Glad- stone's life was written by a political friend,— John Morley's work is instinct with liberalism. Similarly, the present biography may be re- garded as of Tory origin. The author, Mr. William Flavelle Monypenny, has long been associated with the conservative press; he has also seen service, both journalistic and military, in South Africa, in the very land of the Boers. He may, therefore, be supposed to be in sym- pathy with the imperialistic ideas of his subject as well as with his conservative attitude toward the British constitution. Perhaps it is not wholly fortuitous that the volume that traces Disraeli's political development toward Toryism and outlines his defence of the traditional con- stitution, including the House of Lords, should appear on the eve of a political campaign in which the leading issue is the " ending or mend- ing" of that same House of Lords. In the volume now published, Mr. Mony- penny carries the narrative down to 1837, the year that saw Disraeli's first election to Parlia- ment. The period covers thirty-three years of the future prime minister's life, a period of con- siderable interest and of some romance. The chapters devoted to ancestry, childhood, and youth, early training and influences, and similar matters, are written in the conventional way, and need not detain us. It may be said in passing that the author has found no evidence to support Disraeli's belief that his family was ancient in Spain at the time of the Inquisition and was forced to migrate to Venice, whence it found its way to England. "What we know for certain is that the grandfather, Benjamin D'Israeli, who 'became an English denizen in 1748,' had his Italian home not in Venice but at Cento in Ferrara." The author concludes that the name and the family may be either of Spanish or of Levantine origin. In addition to the Disraeli papers, Mr. Monypenny has used letters in the possession of families that were closely associated with the Disraelis. Some use has also been made of a fragmentary diary which does not seem to have been published before. However, as most of the materials are already accessible to students, the value of the biography (at least so far as the first volume is concerned) will lie principally in the author's method and interpretation. Mr. Monypenny has adopted the plan of citing docu- ments very extensively, — so extensively that some of the chapters are scarcely more than a series of epistolary extracts bound together by brief but illuminating comments. Of eighteen pages devoted to the " Tour in Italy," less than four are of the author's own writing. Disraeli's first successful political campaign is described in sixteen pages, of which all but about two pages is composed of extracts from documents. Other chapters are written on the same plan. Whether these statements are to be regarded as favorable or unfavorable criticism, will de- pend on the purpose of the volume. Students of history will welcome a biography of this type, one that permits further study of personality, motives, and circumstances from the document- ary sources included with the narrative. On the other hand, the general reader is scarcely well served with a biography of this sort. To him there will always be much in letters and diaries that has little significance. Not knowing the circumstances under which they were writ- ten or the times that they reflect, he fails to get the deeper impressions that such extracts are intended to convey, and the reading soon be- comes tiresome. It is always desirable that a biographical narrative be flavored with bits of contemporary writing and generously provided with illustrative extracts from the author's sources; but it is a question whether the practice has not been overdone in this particular case. While the author is sympathetic, he is not effusive: all through the narrative he maintains a strictly judicial attitude and writes with admir- able reserve. No attempt is made to slur over such episodes as reflect on Disraeli's good sense and judgment or to suppress information as to embarrassing situations. In this work for the 1911.] 15 THE DIAL first time, perhaps, do we get definite impres- sions of the financial distress in which the future chancellor of the exchequer found himself just before his elevation to Parliament. In 1836 his debts almost prevented his appearance in public; fears of his creditors and the officers of the law seem to have haunted him continu- ously. Writing to his lawyer concerning his appearance at a political dinner, he remarks: "I have been requested to move the principal toast, 'The House of Lords.' I trust there is no danger of my being nabbed, as this would be a fatal contretemps, inasmuch as, in all probability, I am addressing my future constituents." But the author also bears testimony to Disraeli's financial integrity; though his embarrassments were numerous and frequent, "nothing that seriously touches his character is to be deduced from the records as they have been preserved." Travel, literature, and politics were the chief matters of interest to Disraeli during these years. His journeys in the Mediterranean lands and in the Orient are important chiefly as fur- nishing experiences that later were worked into his novels, though it is likely that the Oriental tour did much to develop in the future states- man the interest that he always showed in Eastern politics. Several of Disraeli's novels date from these years; but the world has long ago passed judgment on his literary efforts, a judgment that the new court has not reversed. Mr. Monypenny finds that so long as the novel- ist is able to draw on his own experiences, he produces readable, often brilliant, chapters; but when he has to draw on the resources of his imagination, the product becomes what Glad- stone once called "trash." The most satisfactory parts of the work are the sections dealing with Disraeli's frantic efforts to get into Parliament. The author makes it very clear that there was nothing meteoric in Disraeli's later appearance as an influential poli- tical leader. During the five years between his first unsuccessful candidacy at Wycombe and his election for Maidstone in 1837, he was regarded by his Tory friends (and they formed an im- portant group) as a coming leader. Much of his time and energy was given to political pamphleteering and editorial writing for such journals as the London "Morning Post" and "The Times." In some of this work he de- scended to a low literary plane. "The articles, which have been preserved in a book of cuttings, are in the strain of reckless vituperation which was then the fashion even in responsible journals, with only here and there a flash of wit or a happy phrase to redeem the personalities." But there can be no doubt that they were widely read. They were important also in that they gave the young writer an opportunity to review and clarify his own political ideas and to build up a theory of practical government that later became the conservative creed. The most important of these writings is a volume of 200 pages entitled " A Vindication of the English Constitution." In this he develops the old theory that representation is, and should be, not a matter of numbers or territorial areas, but of estates. The Lords represent one estate, the Commons another. "The House of Com- mons is no more the house of the people than is the House of Lords." The peerage represents the church, the law, the counties and boroughs, the land, " and as the hereditary leaders of the nation, especially of the cultivators of the land, the genuine and permanent population of En- gland, its peasantry." Much is made of the ancient character of the House of Lords: "Their names, office, and character, and the ennobling achievements of their order must be blended with our history and bound up with our hereditary sentiment." Still, both the peerage and the commonalty must be democratic at the roots: it must be possible for any subject to gain legal admittance to either estate. And the estates themselves he conceives as " the trustees of the nation, not its masters." This defence of the peerage was written in 1835 by a young man who three years earlier had sought admittance to Parliament as a radi- cal. There was, however, nothing very startling in Disraeli's early radicalism: it consisted chiefly in a determination to stand apart from the old party organizations. "His political stock in trade consisted, in fact, of a sincere and ardent patriotism, genuine popular sym- pathies, a strong and apparently instinctive antipathy to Whiggery, and an hereditary disposition to Toryism derived from his father with an imaginative interest in its romantic aspect that was native to himself." When he was convinced that only within one of the historic parties could he hope to achieve anything, his choice was quickly made. But he carried with him into the Tory camp his ideas of democracy and moderate reform. In this apparent passage from one political extreme to the other, his biographer sees noth- ing strange. He calls attention to the fact that nearly all the greater English statesmen have had ambiguous party records. "If we are to measure consistency by ideas, Disraeli is the most consistent of them all, and yet more than 16 [Jan. 1. THE DIAL any of the others he was to suffer throughout his career from the reputation of political time-server and adven- turer acquired in these early and errant years." Perhaps we have in these lines a clue to the author's treatment of the Beaconsfield policies in the volumes to come. Disraeli's political career, as Mr. Monypenny seems to view it, is an effort to work out and realize in practical measures a system of political ideas developed in his younger days while he was still suspected of radical tendencies. Laurence M. Larson. An English Estimate of Poe.* It is related of the Mormon Bible that when it was discovered it was in the unintelligible letters of an unknown tongue; but that with it was found a pair of iron-bound spectacles, seen through which the strange script translated itself into plain English. Mr. Arthur Ransome, an English critic, is the fortunate possessor of such a magic aid for interpreting the hitherto misunderstood works of Edgar Allan Poe. So, in effect, he tells us in his brief preface, in which he calmly brushes aside all that has yet been done in England or America to make Poe clear to the world. When we consider that among those he thus disposes of are Mr. Andrew Lang, whose essay in the " Letters to Dead Authors" is the classic of Poe criticism; Mr. Gosse, who twenty years ago broached the subject of Poe's supremacy in American literature; Mr. Sted- man, who if not altogether sympathetic was always kindly and intelligent in his treatment of Poe; Mr. Aldrich, Mr. Trent, Mr. Peck, Mr. Didier, and many others; it seems a large order for a new critic to try to fill. As Mr. Ransome is superior to all these writers, he is naturally superior to the author he is dealing with. Criticism is one thing, con- descension another. We are inclined to think that Poe would have preferred the foulest calumnies of his enemies to Mr. Ransome's patronizing way of waiving these aside, not because they are in the main untrue, but be- cause they really do n't matter, you know. And we are certain that Poe would have raged like the maddened Ajax at being led forward by the hand, so to speak, and presented to the world, not as a great poet, not as the supreme master of the short story, but as the critic whose wavering thought dimly glimpsed the *Edoab Allan Poe. A Critical Study. By Arthur Ransome. With portrait. New York: Mitchell Keimerley. light which has since shone forth in Walter Pater, Ernest Dowson, and Mr. Lascelles Aber- crombie, whoever the latter may be. About a fourth part of Mr. Ransome's book is taken up with long extracts from Poe's writ- ings. This affords one an agreeable chance to refresh one's memory — though, really, Mr. Ransome's own prose is so good, that, as far as wording goes, it does not need such rein- forcement. The meaning of it is another mat- ter. We confess that we do not find any such revelations as Mr. Ransome seems to promise in his preface. Practically all the points he touches upon have been brought out by previ- ous writers. Poe's loneliness of mind, the an- tagonism between him and his countrymen, his mathematical and metaphysical bent, his mor- tuary turn of mind (as Mr. Lang terms it), his business ability for others, the comparative inferiority of " The Raven " to some of the other poems, the unique character of four or five of the colloquies and philosophical compositions,— all this, and much else which Mr. Ransome men- tions, has been already fully treated. Mr. Ransome is hardly more than tepid in his praise of the Tales. He considers Poe in this field inferior to Balzac and an imitator of Lytton. To count the noses of an author's readers is a poor way to judge his rank, but influence on other writers is a pretty sure test. Poe has probably had twenty imitators to one that either of the above-named men can boast of. That Poe is supreme in the short story, and that he gained for this kind of art a place with the great forms of literature, is the claim of the true believers. For Poe's poetry, Mr. Ransome has more respect, though he thinks that many others since have done equally well. The bulk of Poe's verse is not great, but there are fifteen or sixteen pieces of the first rank. Shelley can hardly show more gems of the purest water, and Burns certainly not twice as many. Yet these two are the greatest English lyric poets. Mr. Ransome comes, in fact, to about the same conclusion that Mr. Brownell reaches. The latter began by asking what American litera- ture would be without Poe, and ended by declar- ing that Poe did not belong to literature at all. Mr. Ransome trips his way through Poe's svorks on tiptoe, rather holding his nose by the way; and as he views piece after piece he dismisses it as a failure, a good intention, or a half suc- cess. Yet he allows that in Poe there passed through the world something wonderful and 1911.] 17 THE DIAL. unique. This is the very folly of criticism. A man is not a great writer unless he writes something great. The bees know where there is honey, and the swarm of Poe's imitators is plain proof that his work has the secret of immortality. In reality, Mr. Ransome's sole interest in Poe is in the criticism. He fastens upon Poe's definition of poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty, and on the many dicta in which Poe proclaims beauty as the end and aim of art. Mr. Ransome finds these opinions in consonance with his own views, and with those of the new- est school of art thought; and he hails Poe as an early prophet. We believe that Poe's criticism was false, but that his work trans- cended his theory. Mr. Ransome praises him for his bad doctrine, and puts aside the saving deed. It is impossible to give any precise definition of beauty. We all know that when we use this word in common parlance we do not mean power, or grandeur, or sublimity, or awfulness, or horror, or ugliness, or the grotesque and comical. Yet all these things are sensations of the mind; they all enter into the creations of art. Why anyone should want to reduce all these fractions of thought and feeling to a common denominator and call that beauty, is a mystery I have never been able to fathom. The Greeks in their best estate did pretty well in literature, but they were guided by no such idea. Aristotle, the first and greatest literary critic, knows nothing of it. Plato possibly glimpsed such a concep- tion as coming, which may in part explain his hostility to poetry. Come the conception did, but not until Greek life and Greek art lay in ruins together. The great German critics, Lessing, Goethe, and Schiller, accept no such narrow limitations of literature. They knew the complexity of life, and of art's consequent report of it, and they allowed many elements and aims to poetry. In the house of art there are many mansions. That of beauty, however attractive, is not the greatest or the most important. Is the Book of Job great poetry? What possible beauty is there in the spectacle of the patriarch, bowed down with misfortunes, covered with sores, sit- ting on a dunghiJl exposed to the mosquito-like boring of his comforters? What beauty, in any sane sense of the word, is there even in the tremendous and appalling utterance of the Almighty in answer to Job's cries? Is "King Lear" great poetry? There is beauty in the apparition of Cordelia, and by stretching the meaning of the word we may possibly make it cover the devotion of Kent and the fortitude of Edgar. But all the rest of the play is a whirl- wind of horror and terror and desolation. Surely the critics who preach the doctrine that beauty is the sole aim and end of art do art and literature the greatest disservice. The world regards them as Alceste regarded Oronte, or as Hotspur did the perfumed courtier who recommended spermaceti for an inward wound. No one has fought longer or more fiercely against the domination of the didactic in litera- ture, the cult of the commonplace, than the present writer. But if it is a question between the rule of these things and the reign of the Precieuaes, I should not hesitate in my choice. My attitude of mind would be like that of the outspoken lady confronted by the statue in the Vatican: "So that is the Apollo Belve- dere, is it? Well, what I say is, give me Ruggles!" If what our new critics mean by their creed of beauty is merely workmanlike, adequate, and perfect execution, then there may be something said for the doctrine. In ordinary speech we use the word "beauty" loosely. We say that a street-sweeper cleans a crossing, or a laundress does up linen, or a surgeon performs an opera- tion, beautifully. What we mean is that they do their tasks as well as they can be done ; that they do them perfectly. The authors of the Book of Job and of " King Lear " also did their tasks perfectly. They gave the ultimate ex- pression to the terrors and profundities with which they deal. But if this is the meaning of the creed, it is only a truism; for unless a work of art is adequately done it had better not be done at all. And there are so many kinds of adequacy that the word "beauty" is the most unfortunate nomenclature that could be applied to them. The prose of Swift or Defoe is just as adequate for the purposes for which it 'is used as the prose of Shakespeare or Congreve or De Quincey or Pater. Pope has in his verse as brilliant an instrument for what he wants to do as Poe has in his. But Poe certainly would not have called Pope's poetry the rhythmical creation of beauty. Yet in the mind of Mr. Ransome, and critics like him, there hovers an idea other than mere adequacy — the idea of absolute beauty, the something different from power or horror or ugliness, as the aim and end of art. Mr. Ransome of course approves Poe's di- alectic against long poems. The same examples that served me above may answer here. The 18 [Jan. 1, THE DIAL Book of Job and " King Lear " are works of con- siderable dimensions. They are certainly not what Poe meant by a short poem. But just as certainly they are not collections of distinct and separate episodes. Each is unitary. Every word in them goes to build up a great effect, create one tremendous impression. And this impression, whether we read the pieces at a single sitting or not, is overwhelming. The same is true of still longer works like the Iliad or the Divine Comedy. The impression, indeed, of such works stamps itself on whole nations and ages. The Ramayana is four or five times as long as the Iliad, and the Mahabharata three times longer still; yet it may be said of these poems, not that India possesses them, but that they possess India. That the inequalities in a long work are more apparent than those of a short poem, is of course to be expected. But few indeed are the lyrics of the world which are of even and perfect execution throughout. Under the microscope the razor's edge is a saw. Last of all, Mr. Ransome praises Poe's study of versification. As this is based on the idea of quantity, and as quantity does not exist, or exists only in a weak and limited manner, in English poetry, it is difficult to accept either Poe's text or Mr. Ransome's comment as of much value. The age of littleness is on us. Among the newest critics, of whom I should say Mr. Ran- some must be quite a distinguished talent, there is only the worship of exquisite words, charming cadences, lovely images. It is the culto estilo of Marini and Gongora over again. Mr. Ran- some re-states what I have seen mentioned in print a number of times as if it were a matter of some importance — the fact that Ernest Dow- son's favorite line of poetry was Poe's "The viol, the violet, and the vine." It is a pretty line, but that Dowson should select it from all the splendors and ineffable glories of English verse, speaks volumes for the limitations of Dowson's mind. What Poe, who, however he may have erred in theory, reached out in practice to the boldest and most daring designs — to the boundaries of thought and conception, whose aim always was to dec- orate his construction, not to construct his decoration, — would have said of the attempt made in this book to father upon him the modern school of weakness, can only be con- jectured. T ,, 1 Chakles Leonard Moore. Waste and Conservation.* Youth thinks all things possible; senility finds the light grasshopper a load. Science seeks to be free from illusions and to confront reality. Americans have mis-read the meaning of nature, and have imagined soils to be inex- haustible, mines to be deep as China, forests to be positive obstacles in the way of civiliza- tion. As soon as industry was organized, it began to exploit women, girls, and children; to rob the future race for present profit; to squeeze the life out of vigorous immigrants in a single generation, and to cast degenerates and alcoholics into insane asylums or the grave. This was the folly of uninstructed youth, heed- less of remote consequences, myopic to all but immediate profits. The habit of waste runs through all conduct; the reckless abuse of coal and timber and soil confuses man's judgment about himself; the spendthrift, while he is scattering his miserly and unscrupulous father's wealth, is squandering his own nerves and blood. There are numerous indications of the coming of more mature and more scientific and sober consideration of natural resources, things, and men. Some sources of evidence are suggested in the volume entitled "The Conservation of Natural Resources in the United States," by the President of Wisconsin University, who is a distinguished representative of science, and a man of vision and of patriotism. One can fol- low such a guide with confidence; his warnings are clothed in exact statistical form; his coun- sels are all the more likely to be heeded because they are deliberate and expert, and point out at each step the best known methods of re- covering losses and avoiding future waste. He does not scold or declaim; he teaches convinc- ingly. Thus to conserve our limited supply of coal, which, once used, is gone forever, the author recommends not only better technical methods of mining, but legislation regulating the forms of leases and the basis of royalties. If the prices are exorbitant, Congress has power to regulate them; the people are defenceless only while they remain ignorant and supine. •The Conservation ok Natural Resources in the United States. By Charles Richard Van Hise. New York: The Macmillan Co. The Fniht for Conservation. By Gifford Pinchot. New York: Doubleday, Page