shed by
of Charles and Mary Lamb," edited by Mr. E. V. Lucas, Messrs. Doubleday, Page & Co. Miss Burt's large
and published in this country by Messrs. G. P. Putnam's experience in teaching literature to children, as well as
Sons.
in making books for them to read, gives this volume a
“The Spanish Colonial System,” by William Roscher, value far beyond most of its kind.
is a translation of a chapter of the “ Kolonialpolitik" of By special arrangement Messrs. Harper & Brothers
that author, made for American students by Professor have acquired the rights to Mr. Irving Bacheller's
Edward G. Bourne, and published as a pamphlet by three novels, “Eben Holden,” “D'ri and I,” and
Messrs. Henry Holt & Co.
“ Darrell of the Blessed Isles," and are henceforth the
The Messrs. Putnam have issued a new and cheaper publishers of Mr. Bacheller's past and future work. A
edition of Mr. George Cary Eggleston's estimates of new novel by this author has just been completed, and
those “ American Immortals” whose names find place will appear during the coming fall.
in the New York University's Hall of Fame. The “ The Reciter's Treasury of Verse” (Dutton), com-
volume is a handsome one externally, and is liberally piled by Mr. Ernest Pertwee, is an octavo volume con-
supplied with portraits in photogravure.
taining nearly eight hundred pages of selections, and
Two additions to the “ American Commonwealths' an extended introduction on “The Art of Speaking."
series have just been announced. A volume on Massa Many besides those for whom the book is directly in-
chusetts will be supplied by Prof. Edward Channing of tended will be glad to have it for the sake of the large
Harvard, and one on Rhode Island by Mr. Irving B. amount of before inaccessible poetry that it brings
Richman, author of a recently-published work entitled within reach.
« Rhode Island : Its Making and its Meaning."
Messrs. A. W. Elson & Co. are the publishers of a
A volume on G. F. Watts, by Mr. G. K. Chesterton, series of thirty photogravures illustrative of “ Renais-
appears in “The Popular Library of Art,” published sance Painting in Italy." With these reproductions,
by Messrs. E. P. Dutton & Co. It is a pretty little which come in three portfolios of ten plates each, there
book, abundantly illustrated. The same publishers also goes a booklet catalogue of the larger carbon photo-
send us, in their “Little Biographies," a volume on graphs issued by the same house. This catalogue is
Robert Burns, by Mr. T. F. Henderson, also having illustrated, and the descriptive list is furnished by
numerous illustrations.
Prof. John C. Van Dyke.


1904.]
335
THE DIAL
The Macmillan Co. send us an edition of the have spared him time for the writing of this useful and
“ Leviathan” of Hobbes, published as a “Cambridge agreeable little volnme, which will do much, in its way,
English Classic” under the editorship of Mr. A. R. to inculcate the elementary principles of sound English
Waller. The reprint is from the first issue of 1651, scholarship upon the mind of the general reader.
with the original spelling and punctuation preserved. The chief features of the April issue of “The Bur-
There is a facsimile of the title-page.
lington Magazine” are Mr. Lionel Cust's essay on
A new novel by Mr. Thomas Dixon is announced by “H.R. H. Prince Albert as an Art Collector"; Mr. R. S.
Messrs Doubleday, Page & Co. « The Clansman" is Clouston's article on Claydon House, Bucks, and its
its title, and it has to do with the Ku Klux Klan move decorations and furniture; a description of Sir William
ment. The same publishing firm will issue shortly Bennett's collection of Chinese powdered blue porce-
“ The Tomboy at Work" by Miss Jeannette L. Gilder, lain; notes on a collection of drawings by Millet; and
and “ The Interloper" by Mrs. Violet Jacobs.
an article on the Rembrandt etchings in the Dutuit col-
A supplement to Hain and Copinger's well-known lection. These and other contributions are richly illus-
« Repertorium Bibliograpbicum” has been prepared by trated. The subscription price of the magazine bas
Dr. Dietrich Reichling, and will be published in parts
been reduced from $10. to $8. a year.
by Mr. Jacques Rosenthal of Munich. The first part,
to appear at an early date, will contain more than four
hundred incunabula unknown to Hain and Copinger,
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
together with many corrections and emendations.
[The following list, containing 125 titles, includes books
“ Teutonic Legends in the Nibelungen Lied and the
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
Nibelungen Ring,” by Dr. W. C. Sawyer, is a recent
publication of the J. B. Lippincott Co. The work is
BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES,
in part a translation of Dr. Wilhelm Wägner's prose Napoleon: A History of the Art of War, from the Begin-
version of the “Nibelungen Lied.” An essay on ning of the French Revolution to the End of the 18th
“ The Legendary in German Literature,” by Dr.
Century, with a Detailed Account of the Wars of the
Fritz Schultze, written for this volume, serves it as a
French Revolution. By Theodore Ayrault Dodge. Vols.
I. and II., illus. in photogravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt tops,
preface.
uncut. * Great Captains." Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
As the first volume in a projected series of rare
Per vol., $4. net.
Americana, the A. Wessels Co. will publish this month
Charles Reade as I Knew him. By John Coleman. Illus.,
large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 428. E. P. Dutton & Co. $3.50 net.
a reprint of the Rev. Andrew Burnaby's “ Travels
Scottish Reminiscences. By Sir Archibald Geikie. Large
through the Middle Settlements,” being an account of 8vo, uncut, pp. 447. Macmillan Co. $2.50.
a tour through the American colonies during the years Life and Letters of the Great Earl of Cork. By
just previous to the Revolution. Mr. Rufus Rockwell Dorothea Townshend. With photogravure portrait, large
Wilson has supplied an introduction and notes the
8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 532. E. P. Dutton & Co. $5.net.
Annals of a Clerical Family: Being Some Account of the
new edition.
Family and Descendants of William Venn, Vicar of
To the list of text-books devoted to the history and Otterton, Devon, 1600–1621. By John Venn, F.R.S.
guvernment of the various states of the Union, Dr.
Large 8vo, uncut, pp. 296. Macmillan Co. $6.
Robert Burns. By T. F. Henderson. Illus., 16mo, gilt
Grace Raymond Hebard's volume on Wyoming should
top, uncut, pp. 202. E. P. Dutton & Co. $1. net.
prove an attractive addition. The history of Wyoming
is of especial interest in connection with the subject of
HISTORY.
national territorial expansion, and this phase has Reformation and Renaissance (circa 1377-1610). By
been given full attention in Dr. Hebard's book. The
J. M. Stone. Illus., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 470.
E. P. Dutton & Co. $4. net.
Whitaker & Ray Co. of San Francisco will publish the
History of the United States of America. By Henry
volume shortly.
William Elson. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 950. Mac-
“ A History of Matrimonial Institutions,” by Pro-
millan Co. $1.75 net.
fessor George E. Howard, is announced for publication
New Hampshire: An Epitome of Popular Government.
By Frank B. Sanborn. With map, 16mo, gilt top, pp. 354.
this month by the University of Chicago Press. The "American Commonwealths.” Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
same publishers also announce second editions of their $1.10 net.
recent books, “The Code of Hammurabi,” edited by Early Western Travels, 1748-1846. Edited by Reuben
Professor Robert Francis Harper; “ The Psychology
Gold Thwaites. Vol. II., John Long's Journal, 1768-
1782. Large Svo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 329. Cleveland :
of Child Development,” by Professor Irving King; Arthur H. Clark Co. $4. net.
and “Lectures on Commerce,” edited by Professor Pioneer Roads and Experiences of Travelers, Vol. I.
Henry Rand Hatfield.
By Archer Batler Hulbert. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut,
Four volumes of the “ Temple School Shakespeare
“ Historic Highways of America." Arthur H.
Clark Co. $2.50 net.
are sent us by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. · They are The Journey of Coronado, 1540–1542, from the City of
« Julius Caesar," edited by Mr. F. Armytage-Morley; Mexico to the Grand Canon of the Colorado and the Buf-
“ Hamlet,” edited by Mr. Oliphant Smeaton; “ As You
falo Plains of Texas, Kansas, and Nebraska. As told by
himself and his followers. Edited by George Parker
Like It," edited by Miss Flora Masson; and “ Richard
Winship. With map, 16mo, pp. 251. “The Trail Makers."
II.," edited by Mr. W. Keith Leask. The series is En A. S. Barnes & Co. $1.
glish in its origin, being an enterprise of the Messrs.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
Dent. The volumes are usefully illustrated, and the
Addresses and Presidential Messages of Theodore
notes are fairly elaborate.
Roosevelt, 1902-4. With Introduetion by Henry Cabot
Mr. Henry Bradley's “The Making of English " Lodge. 8vo, pp. 485. G. P. Putnam's Song. $1.25.
(Macmillan) is a nice little book of popular etymology
The Legend of the Holy Grail, as Set Forth in the Frieze
Painted by Edwin A. Abbey for the Boston Public Li-
and general word-study, which may best be described
brary. With description and interpretation by Sylvester
as a more modern and more scholarly Trench. We are Baxter. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 119. Boston: Curtis
glad that Mr. Bradley's labors on the great Dictionary & Cameron. $1.50.
pp. 201.
91


336
[May 16,
THE DIAL
A Collector's Portrait. Trang. from the French of Louis
Judicis by E. F. King. Illus., 8vo, uncut, pp. 48. New
York: Literary Collector Press.
Parsifal, the Guileless Fool. By Howard Duffield. 18mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 86. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1. net.
66
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
The Virginians. By W. M. Thackeray. Kensington"
edition; in 3 vols., illus, in photogravure, etc., 8vo, gilt
tops, uncut. Charles Scribner's Sons. (Sold only in sets
of 32 vols., by subscription.)
Cornish Ballads and Other Pooms. By R. S. Hawker,
Vicar of Morwenstow; edited by C. E. Byles. Illus.,
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 314. John Lane. $1.50 pet.
Mermaid Series, Thin-Paper Reissue. New vols.: Thomas
Dekker, edited by Ernest Rhys; Nero and Other Plays;
Beaumont and Fletcher, edited by J. St. Loe Strachey,
2 vols. Each with photogravure frontispiece, 16mo, gilt
top. Charles Scribner's Sons. Per vol., $1. net.
Letters of Horace Walpole. Selected and edited by
C. B. Lucas. With photogravure portrait, 18mo, pp. 849.
Charles Soribner's Sons. $1.25 net.
Peronelle: By Valentina Hawtrey. 12mo, pp. 312. John
Lane.' $1.50.
Port Argent: By Arthur Colton. With frontispiece, 12mo,
pp. 340. Henry Holt & Co. $1.50.
The Effendi: A Romance of the Soudan. By Florence
Brooks Whitehouse. Illus., 12mo, pp. 414. Little, Brown,
& Co. $1.50.
Cynthia's Rebellion. By A. E. Thomas. 1200, pp. 277.
Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
Huldah: Proprietor of the Wagon-Tire House and Genial
Philosopher of the Cattle Country. By Grace MacGowan
Cooke and Alice MacGowan. Illus., 12mo, pp. 316.
Bobbs-Merrill Co. $1.50,
The House in the Woods. By Arthur Henry. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 323. A. S. Barnes & Co. $1.50.
A Night with Alessandro: An Episode in Florence under
her Last Medici. By Trearlwell Cleveland, Jr. Illus, in
color, 12mo, pp. 188. Henry Holt & Co. $1.25.
Dalrymple: A Romance of the Prison Ship, the "Jersey."
By Mary C. Francis. 12mo, pp. 371. James Pott & Co.
$1.50.
The Micmac; or, "The Ribboned Way.” By S. Carleton.
With decorations, 12mo, pp. 234. Henry Holt & Co.
$1.25.
The Colonel: A Military Romance. By Captain Olivieri
Sangiacomo; trans. from the Italian by E. Spender.
12mo, uncut, pp. 340. London: David Nutt.
Uncle Mac's Nebrasky. By William R. Lighton. With
frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 184. Henry Holt & Co. $1.25.
The Vanished Empire: A Tale of the Mound Builders.
By Waldo H. Dunn; with Introduction by J. P. Mac-
Lean, Ph.D. Illus., i2mo, pp. 180. Robert Clarke Co.
$1.50.
The Singular Miss Smith. By Florence Morse Kingsley.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 208. Macmillan Co. $1.25.
The Folly of Others. By Neith Boyce. Illus., 12mo, uncut,
pp. 232. Fox, Duffield & Co. $1.
Modern Arms and a Feudal Throne: The Romantic
Story of an Unexplored Sea. By T. Milner Harrison.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 376. R. F. Fenno & Co. $1.50.
Kindly Light. By Florence Morse Kingsley. Illus., 18mo,
pp. 107. Henry Altemus Co. 50 cts.
66
POETRY AND THE DRAMA.
Some Longer Elizabethan Poems. With Introduction
by A. A. Bullen. 8vo, pp. 441. “An English Garner.”
E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.25 pet.
Shorter Elizabethan Poems. With Introduction by A. H.
Bullen. 8vo, pp. 358. An English Garner." E. P.
Dutton & Co. $1.25 net.
The Reciter's Treasury of Verse, Serious and Humor-
ous. Compiled and edited by Ernest Pertwee. 8vo,
pp. 778. E. P. Datton & Co. $1.50 net.
The Holy City: A Drama. By Thomas W. Broadhurst;
with Prefatory Note by William Allan Neilson. Illus.,
12mo, gilt top, pp. 214. George W. Jacobs & Co. $1. net.
Saga of the Oak, and Other Poems. By William H.
Venable. With portrait, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 150.
Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.20 net.
The Ballads of Bourbonnais. By Wallace Bruce Ams-
bary. Illus., 12mo, pp. 182. Bobbs-Merrill Co. $1. net.
Echoes from the Home of Halleck, and Other Poems.
By S. Ward Loper. Jllus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 168.
Richard G. Badger. $1.50.
The Way to Wings, and Other Sallies. By “M. Y. T. H.
Myth." 12mo, uncut, pp. 103. Richard G. Badger. $1.25.
Far from the Stone Streets. By Henry and Helen
Chadwick. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 92. Richard G.
Badger. $1.25.
Rhymes of Robert Rexdale, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 99.
F. H, Revell Co. $1, net.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION,
New Land: Four Years in the Arctic Regions. By Otto
Sverdrup; trans. from the Norwegian by Ethel Harriet
Hearn. "In 2 vols., illus., large 8vo, uncut. Longmans,
Green, & Co. $10.50 net.
The Balkans from Within. By Reginald Wyon. Illus.,
large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 475. Charles Scribner's Sons.
$4, net.
Japan as Seen and Described by Famous Writers. Edited
and trans. by Esther Singleton. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, un-
cut, pp. 372. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1,60 net.
Whittier-Land: A Handbook of North Essex. By Samuel
T. Pickard. Illus., 12mo, pp. 160. Houghton, Mifflin &
Co. $1. net.
Venice. By Gustav Pauli; trans. by P. G. Konody. Illus.,
large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 173. Famous Art Cities."
Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50 net.
The Complete Pocket-Guide to Europe. Edited by
Edmund C. Stedman and Thomas L. Stedman. New
edition, revised for 1904. With maps, 32mo, pp. 505.
New York: William R. Jenkins. $1.25.
FICTION.
Dorothea: A Story of the Pure in Heart. By Maarten
Maartens. 12mo, pp. 552. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
Romance. By Joseph Conrad and F. M. Hueffor. Illus.,
12mo, uncut, pp. 428. McClure, Phillips & Co. $1.50.
The Napoleon of Notting Hill. By Gilbert K. Chesterton.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 301. John Lane. $1.50.
The Cost. By David Graham Phillips. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 402. Bobbs-Merrill Co. $1.50.
When Wilderness Was King: A Tale of the Illinois
Country. By Randall Parrish. Illus. in color, 8vo, un-
cut, pp. 388. A. C. McClurg & Co. $1.50.
The Descent of Man, and Other Stories. By Edith Whar-
ton. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 312. Charles Scribner's
Sons. $1.50.
The Transgression of Andrew Vane. By Guy Wetmore
Carryl. With portrait, 12mo, pp. 326. Henry Holt &
Co. $1.50.
The Villa Claudia. By John Ames Mitchell. Illus., 12mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 306. New York: Life Publishing Co.
$1,50.
Pamela Congreve. By Frances Aymar Mathews. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 407. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
Anna the Adventuress. By E. Phillips Oppenheim.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 320. Little, Brown, & Co. $1.50.
Daughters of Nijo: A Romance of Japan. By Onoto
Watanna. Illus. in color, etc., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 397.
Macmillan Co. $1.50.
Aladdin & Co.: A Romance of Yankee Magic. By Her-
bert Quick, 12mo, pp. 337. Henry Holt & Co. $1.50.
RELIGION AND THEOLOGY,
A Historic View of the New Testament By Percy
Gardner, Litt.D. New edition ; 12mo, uncut, pp. 274.
Macmillan Co. 60 cts.
The Song of our Syrian Guest. By William Allen Knight.
Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 48. The Pilgrim Press. 50 cts net.
Christ among the Cattle: A Sermon. By Frederic Row-
land Marvin. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 41. New York:
J. O. Wright & Co.
Going to the Father. By Henry Drummond. 18mo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 33. Dodd, Mead & Co. 40 cts net.
The Love-Watch. By William Allen Knight, 16mo, pp. 55.
The Pilgrim Press. 40 cts.
The Life-Giving Spirit: A Study of the Holy Spirit's
Nature and Office. By S. Arthur Cook, A.M. 24mo,
pp. 100. Jennings & Pye. 25 ots, net.


(
.
THE
DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
ENTERED AT THE CHICAGO POSTOFFICE AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER.
PAGB
381 reflective power. It is easy to indulge in cheap
THE REJECTION OF POETRY.
No. 431.
JUNE 1, 1904. Vol. XXXVI.
The Poet Laureate of England, speaking
CONTENTS.
before the Royal Institution last February,
made some suggestive observations concerning
THE REJECTION OF POETRY.
353
what he called “the growing distaste for the
AN ERA OF FLOWER BOOKS. Alice Morse Earle 355 higher kinds of poetry” among the English-
How to Make a Flower Garden. — Miss Niles's
Bog-trotting for Orchids. - Mrs. Thomas's Our
speaking peoples. It is the fashion of present-
Mountain Garden. - Mrs. Thaxter's An Island day journalism to speak slightingly of Mr.
Garden, new edition. — Skinner's Little Gardens. Austin's own performance as a poet, and to
THE LOVE OF THE WILD. May Estelle Cook 357 turn the prejudice created by his poetical pre-
Mathews's Field Book of Wild Birds and their
tensions against his public deliverances upon
Music. — Cunningham's My Indian Friends and
Acquaintances. — Mrs. Miller's With the Birds
all subjects, which constitutes a distinctly un-
in Maine. Miss Richards and Miss Cummings's worthy form of indirect attack upon a writer
Baby Pathfinder to the Birds. Hoffman's A
whose prose is always graceful, whose verse is
Guide to the Birds. — Mrs. Morley's Little Mitch-
ell. — Sharp's Roof and Meadow.
at least respectable, and whose opinions are
AN AMERICAN ANIMAL BOOK. Wallace Rice . 360
those of a gentleman of marked culture and
RECENT BOOKS OF TRAVEL. H. E, Coblentz . . 361
Freshfield's Around Kangchenjunga. De flings at certain of his ill-considered and too
Windt's From Paris to New York by Land. – “timely” poems; it would be easy, in the case
Fountain's The Great North-West. ---Armstrong's
of the address now under consideration, to find
Around the World with a King. - Miss Boegli's
Forward. - Hart's Two Argonauts in Spain. - a target for sarcasm in the passage in which
Jack's The Back Blocks of China. -- Verner's the author alludes feelingly to the public igno-
Pioneering in Central Africa.-André's A Natur-
alist in the Guianas. — Miss Durham's Through
rance of his own “ long, serious works "'; but
the Lands of the Serb. Hawes's In the Utter we prefer to take seriously his argument upon
most East. — Kennedy's A Tramp in Spain. -
Wyon's The Balkans from Within. -Sverdrup's
a serious subject, and to inquire how far his
New Land.
contention is borne out by the facts.
RECENT FICTION. William Morton Payne . 366 After defining poetry as the transfiguration
Phillpotts's The American Prisoner. - Gwynn's of the actual or the real into the ideal,” Mr.
John Maxwell's Marriage. — Barry's The Day-
spring. - Bullock's The Red Leaguers. — Mrs.
Austin goes on to express the opinion that we
Dudeney's The Story of Susan. - Mrs. Weekes's no longer care for the higher sort of poetry
Yarborough the Premier. - Mrs. Craigie's The as our forbears cared for it. “Men and women
Vineyard. — Miss Albanesi's Susannah and One
Other. Orcutt's Robert Cavelier. - Parrish's
of a former generation seized with eager hands
When Wilderness Was King.–Lynde's The on a new poem, read it with fervent tenderness,
Grafters. - Shackleton's The Great Adventurer.
returned to it again and again, learned much
- Miss Johnston's Sir Mortimer.-Miss Francis's
Dalrymple.
of it by heart, and gave it a permanent place
in their thoughts and affections." At the pres-
NOTES ON NEW NOVELS.
. 368
ent time the men and women of whom this
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS FOR SUMMER
may
READING
373
be said are few in number. For short poems,
The making of a rural home. -- A sportsman's it is admitted that “there is perhaps as much
book of Big Game. --- How to know the Butter-
flies. — Nature-study with the microscope.
taste and liking as ever,” but from a sustained
An experiment in personal emancipation. — The poetic flight in the narrative or dramatic form,
royal game for women. — A tree book for be-
"most readers nowadays turn with invincible
ginners. A record of yachting in America.
repugnance. This is a hard saying, but we
NOTES
. 375
are constrained to believe that it has a large
LIST OF ONE HUNDRED BOOKS FOR SUMMER
element of truth. There is much significance
READING
376
(A select list of some recent publications.)
in the writer's recollection that in his own
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS
377 youth he knew by heart such poems as the
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
378 Essay on Man,” “The Traveller,” “The
.


354
[June 1,
THE DIAL
DIAL
La
Deserted Village," and the “ Elegy,” and in There is the argument in a nutshell, and it is
his pertinent question:
66 Is there a man or not easily to be controverted. As for the
woman under thirty at this moment who can compositions taken for poetry which are not
say the same?”
poetry at all,” Mr. Austin takes Browning for
Among the causes assigned for our modern his illustration, quoting for the purpose a pas-
“ alienation of taste from the higher, more seri sage which is really fine, ethically and intellec-
ous, more intellectual poetry are the preva- tually considered, but which has no touch of
lence of novel-reading, the newspaper habit, the transfiguring wand which converts the real
and the standards set by the popular stage. into the ideal. He might have made an even
The novel has ousted the poem because it is more pointed argument by quoting from the
“better adapted to the capacity of the average popular ditties of Mr. Rudyard Kipling. The
mind,” and unfortunately the novel is read for fact that such performances, or the perform-
purposes of its own, which are very different ances of, say, Mr. Riley of Indiana, are in
from those professed by the poem. Instead of many quarters innocently assumed to be poetry,
a“ useful tonic" it becomes the most depress- offers a convincing and, at the same time, de-
ing of stimulants,” and completely ruins “the pressing confirmation of the contention that
taste for mental food of a more delicate and hosts of people nowadays do not know what
sustaining kind.”. As for much reading of poetry means, taking the term in its long-
newspapers, it is bound to dull the literary accepted and legitimate sense.
sense and coarsen the intellectual tastes. The We have thus analyzed at some length Mr.
hurried writing of the journalist gets the hur Austin's argument, because it seems to us that
ried reading which is all that it deserves; yet he has, on the whole, made good his dictum
it makes so large a demand upon our attention that poetry no longer means what it formerly
as to preclude most other reading. It gives us did to the public at large. Speaking of our
information at the expense of culture, and own country, Mr. Stedman says: “Its verse
imperfectly.digested opinion at the cost of until the dominance of prose fiction — well into
ripened wisdom. The commercial philosophy the seventies, let us say — formed the staple of
of the stage does not need Mr. Austin's fresh current reading, and .. the books of the
exposition. It was set forth once for all in elder American poets ’ lay on the centre-tables
Goethe's “ Vorspiel auf dem Theater.”
of our households and were read with zest
“Sucht nur die Menschen zu verwirren;
by young and old.”
Where is the literary op-
Sie zu befriedigen ist schwer."
timist who would venture to assert that any-
We all know how the English-speaking stage thing like this was true at the present day?
balks at literature, and how disastrous is almost The
message of our older poets, it is true, has
invariably the attempt to make it the scene of lost something of its timeliness with the lapse of
poetic utterance.
years, and they have not found the successors
Added to these depressing influences, the that we could have wished; but we doubt
writer finds two others, one of which is the greatly if a new Longfellow or a new Lowell
feminization of taste, and the other (as much could now become a real force in our national
à consequence as a cause ) is the fact that life. One of the noblest poems ever produced
poetry, in the minds of many worthy people, is by an American writer has been published
represented by compositions which are “not during the past few weeks, but we do not an-
poetry at all.” What he thinks about the in- ticipate for it anything like popular vogue; its
fluence of feminine taste in determining the melody will fall upon ears deafened by the din
success or the failure of a book, is neatly illus of a material civilization, and its stately im.
trated by this statement of the average woman's aginings will find no general public sense at-
attitude toward one of the master poems of the tuned to their harmony.
world. The “ episode of Dido and Æneas is Abundant lip-service, no doubt, is now paid
the only one in Virgil's great poem that really to the great poets in both America and En-
interests them, and they absolutely refuse to gland. Their names are bandied about in
themselves about the Romanam con- journalism and in priv
journalism and in private converse, and no one
dere gentem, the foundation of the Empire." is too poor to adorn his speech, on occasion,
Now the larger part of present-day readers are with tags and snippets of poetry. We have
women, and the interests of women are not, as new editions of the poets, also, in a profusion
a rule, “as wide and as detached from per- formerly unknown, and their volumes orna-
sonal issues as are the interests of men." ment the walls of countless thousands of our


1904.]
355
THE DIAL
homes. With amazing industry our youth'
also, in school and college, pursue the study
The New Books.
of literature, and make themselves widely fa-
miliar with names, and titles, and literary
AN ERA OF FLOWER BOOKS.*
origins, and critical speculations. But all those
things are only the husks of culture, and the Two hundred and fifty years ago Sir Thomas
kernel is somehow missed. The great poets
Browne noted with delight that “new herbals.
ought to be our constant and unfailing inspira- fly briskly from America upon us from per-
tion, and most of us well know that they are severing enquirers.” It was a day of flower-
not. They should occupy the inmost citadel books, the like of which had never been known
of heart and mind, but we keep them outside before; nor has it been known since till our
the walls. They invite us to royal banquets, own day. When America was settled by En-
while we prefer, as Ruskin suggests, to feast glishmen the whole world of flowers lay un-
with scullions.
studied, almost unnoted. There was but one
Now all this, as Mr. Austin says, with deep meagre list, which was full of “unlearned
feeling, matters enormously and vitally. We cacographies and falsely-named herbes.” The
are menaced by what he calls the “ cosmopoli- eyes of the whole world seemed suddenly to
tan religion of material prosperity,” and in awaken to the vegetable world. English schol-
what quarter shall we look for refuge ? Let ars noted with delight the hundreds of plants.
him answer the question in his own eloquent in their own country that had never been de-
words. “Where but in the pages of the scribed, and they invented botanical terms in
Greater Poets, the Higher Poetry, which pre which to make descriptions. They learned
sent to us a very different conception of the with excitement and anticipation of strange
meaning, the purpose, and the uses of life, and flowers and trees in the new world. « Joyfull
keep steadily before us a worthier and nobler | Newes out of the New Found World” is the
ideal. This you will not find in merely lyrical exultant title of the botanical book that first
or emotional poetry, however beautiful and told of tobacco and other strange American
enchanting it may happen to be. . . . The plants. Travellers, diplomats, even common
spirit requires to be braced by com sailors secured blossoms and seeds and plants
panionship with the masculine poets, the poets in “ Out-Landish” ports to bring home to pol
who move and enchant, but at the same time iticians, physicians, potecaries, herbalists, and
stimulate and strengthen, by mingling with
flower-lovers. Physick-gardens were planted,
emotion, thought, intellect, and reason. And and parties of eager young men, “ callers of
if there is any season of the year when such simples," searched the fields and meadows for
counsel is more timely than at another, it is specimens for gardens and herbariums. It is
the summer season which brings to most of us easy to understand why the great costly folios
some measure of relaxation from the engros-
of John Gerarde and John Parkinson, the
sing cares of life. Then we repair to the works of John Evelyn, John Ray, John Fos-
mountains or the sea for their tonic influence ter, John Pechey, John Lawrence, the three
upon our unstrung physical nature ; why should John Tradescants, and other English “herb-
we not at the same time repair to the calm johns," found ready and excited purchasers-
heights and the free expanses of poetical crea among such enthusiasts when these conditions
tion for the healing of our souls as well ? existed. But it is not easy to account for the
great and sudden outburst of garden and flower
books within the past four years. The one hun-
An important series devoted to “ American Jurists”
is now being actively prepared by Messrs. Dodd, Mead
dred and thirty odd years that have passed since
& Co. Mr. Harry Alonzo Cushing is the editor of the the publication of Horace Walpole’s “ Essay
undertaking, which will be planned to interest laymen
*How TO MAKE A FLOWER GARDEN. A Manual of
no less than lawyers. Each volume will make plain
Practical Information and Suggestions. Illustrated. New
the position of its subject in the development of Amer-
York: Doubleday, Page & Co.
ican law, and will elaborate the important contributions
BOG-TROTTING FOR ORCHIDS. By Grace Greylock Niles.
made by bim to the present system of American law. Illustrated in color, etc. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
The first volume to appear will be devoted to Thomas
OUR MOUNTAIN GARDEN. By Mrs. Theodore Thomas
M. Cooley, and has been written by Dr. Henry Wade (Rosa Fay). Illustrated. New York: The Macmillan Co.
Rogers. Among the later volumes will be those of
AN ISLAND GARDEN. By Celia Thaxter. New editior.
Professor John Bassett Moore on William Pinckney, With portrait. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
Dr. James Breck Perkins on James Kent, and Profes LITTLE GARDENS. By Charles M. Skinner. Illustrated-
sor Francis M. Burdick on Joseph Story.
New York: D. Appleton & Co.
0


356
[June 1,
THE DIAL
on Modern Gardening” in 1765, until this our Among the might-have-beens which are so
year 1904, actually saw fewer newly-published deeply mourned by all wild-flower lovers is the
books on flowers and gardens than we have
orchid-book of William Hamilton Gibson. Of
had in a single year. Each one of these mod this work he gave us glorious promise in a few
ern books has something new to tell the reader; magazine articles. Not only would his won-
not always news of the flower-world, but more derful pen have written fresh and vivid de-
often the fresh thoughts and eager hopes and scription, but his pencil would have depicted
happy words of the writer about flowers. When faithfully the curious characteristics of the
in the garden our own Poppy is a deeper and smaller orchids which the camera in general
more translucent bit of painted ruby glass so blurs through foreshortening that the very
than has ever bloomed before; when our own portions by which identity is established are
Larkspur has a taller and stronger stalk, and wholly distorted or valueless. In Miss Grace
blossoms of more heavenly blue than ever riv-Graylock Niles's book, “ Bog-trotting for Or-
alled the sky,— each inspires us to tell the won chids," the colored plates depicting the larger
der and publish the beauty to the whole world. orchids, the lady’s-slipper, pogonia, are.
The largest and most useful flower book of thusa, and showy orchids, - afford excellent
this season is the volume entitled “ How to representations by which the hunter of wild
Make a Flower Garden." The name of Pro orchids can make comparisons. All the illus-
fessor L. H. Bailey as editor is warrant of the trations of single specimens and flower-parts
accuracy and worth of the work ; he also writes are of value; but the photographs from which
in his crisp English the chapters entitled “The the plates were made are evidently much in-
Spirit of the House Garden," “Some Lessons ferior to those of like scenes and blooms
from the Pan-American Exposition," "Shrubs which form the illustrations of Mrs. Mabel
and Where to Put Them," « The Greenhouse Osgood Wright's Flowers and Ferns in their
in the Snow,'
,” “Where Shall We Plant Roses." Haunts.” The text is a sketchy account of ram-
The names of Warren H. Manning, W. H. bles in New England, chiefly in the Hoosac
Sargent, W. C. Egan, Patrick O'Mara, James Valley. Across lots and through swamps, in
J. Allen, and others of note in the plant world, rich meadow, and by buckleberry pastures,
show that Professor Bailey has gathered well by mountain brook and old pot-hole, wherever
his assistants. The chapter entitled “The Water heavy bog or peat or mud-bed formed an orchid.
Garden and the Mosquito Problem” will per- home, - there searched the author. She had
haps be read with the most eager attention. a genius for finding the moccasin-flower; it
The finely illustrated essay on “ Water Lilies forms the triumph of her book. The six New
and Other Aquatic Plants” is written by Mr. England species, - Ram's head moccasin-
William Tricker, for whom the Victoria Trick flower or lady’s-slipper, white-petalled or
eri was named. A curious illustration shows showy lady’s-slipper, small white or prairie
the under side of a leaf of the Victoria Regia, lady’s-slipper, large yellow lady’s-slipper, small
displaying its beautiful venation and the spaces fragrant yellow lady’s-slipper, two-leaved stem-
where air is held. It is a surprise to me to less pink lady’s-slipper, are all lovingly
see in the accompanying picture the present described and their haunts and habits depicted
ment of a stalwart policeman upheld on the for the reader. Miss Niles tells likewise of
surface of the water on one of these vast lily their transplantal to the garden. Some idea
leaves; for I recall distinctly the terror I en of the wonder and delight occasioned by these
dured when in my childhood I was placed upon moccasin-flowers when a novelty in English
the great buoyant leaf-disc of one of these gardens in the seventeenth century may be
whales of the water-plant domain, one of the gained from the herbals of Gerarde and Park-
first brought to North America, and felt it inson.
slowly quiver under me. I recall the equal It is a pleasure not only to know of Mrs.
distress of the unhappy gardener when he be Theodore Thomas's Mountain Garden "; but
held a sturdy child vehemently stamping her to learn a little of the home life of the Master
ruthless way to the safe shore of the tank who has given so much happiness and inspira-
edge over the yielding leaf-pulp of his idolized tion to thousands of music-loving souls. The
treasure. The illustrations for the chapters glimpses afforded in his wife's book reveal such
on « Wild Gardens” are beautiful things; a nature as we know must be his, -strong,
indeed the entire series of photographic illus. direct, loving of all things that need love and
trations in this book could hardly be excelled. The New Hampshire garden of these
care.


1904.]
357
THE DIAL
two, made without gardener or even garden- comparison. Mr. Skinner's book deals chiefly
knowledge, is revealed to us so fully and so with flowers in perhaps the most unromantic
frankly that the pages prove a wonderful guide and undistinguished conditions under which
to all in like status of ignorance and inexpe- flowers ever bloom, — namely, in a city yard.
rience. The simple accounts of garden-experi. For such a subject the hypäthral ecstasy of
ments, and the sensible rules and directions the poet would be ridiculous. Yet there is not
evolved therefrom, are far more light-giving lacking beauty of thought in Mr. Skinner's
than the pages of many a more pretentious book; while for absolute and sensible instruc-
volume. For Mrs. Thomas tells the little tion it excels. It is a reasonable book, bear-
things that few know and many wish to know, ing reason in its advice, and, since it aims
and yet are so seldom told. It is ever said to to mitigate the ugliness of city life, with a
garden-beginners, “You must learn by con distinct reason for being. The author's in-
tinued experience and failures.” Through this structions and plans for little gardens “ in the
book we are saved disappointment and loss and half-country are less pleasing than the city
failure, and are permitted to learn not by our chapters, and the flower lists are not so well-
own but by Mrs. Thomas's experiments and chosen ; but his words have an earnestness and
experience. Her lists of hardy plants — truth that force us to heed them. He dares
“proven” as said the old cook-book recipes — to quote Bacon's " Essay on Gardens," in the
will be found of distinct value to the garden. face of FitzGerald's dictum that the presence
tyro, not only in saving time but money. of such quotations always makes the reader put
It often comes to the reader when reperusing down the volume in hand and fall to reading
after some years a book much loved of old, to Bacon himself.
ALICE MORSE EARLE.
endure a sad shock in finding that the halo of
memory has been sadly misleading. The in-
tense delight given by Mrs. Celia Thaxter's
“ An Island Garden " when read fifteen years
THE LOVE OF THE WILD.*
ago might well have grown pale after the many Can it be that anyone is so out of suits with
fine garden-books of the past few years ; but fortune as to lack something to be in love with
instead a deeper admiration and satisfaction in June ?
in June? Surely of choice no one would be
comes to us as we turn the pages of the new so deprived, nor be content with a placid pas-
edition, lately published. It is indeed a gem; sion. It is the season when we all, for love's
there are few books to class with it. Forbes sake, would be “frantic-mad, with evermore
Watson's “ Flowers and Gardens," Ruskin's unrest.' And if we will, we may. For is there
Proserpina,”— only such as these can keep not a host of lovers rising up to call their pur-
it company. Ruskin and Mrs. Thaxter vie suit blessed, and to urge us all to join their
with each other in glorious descriptions of the quest?
quest? “If you would know the happiness of
Poppy. There was given to Mrs. Thaxter in love," they feelingly persuade us, “love the
an extraordinary degree a quality upon which small live things of earth — the birds and small
old Cotton Mather has this to say: “Fascina beasties that make the early summer a tanta-
tion is a thing whereof Man hath more Experi- lizing joy. Now is the time when nests and
ence than Comprehension.” She fascinated all holes give up their baby treasures, and the air
who knew her; and her home, her garden, her
*FIELD BOOK OF WILD BIRDS AND THEIR Music. By
flowers, were also charming. This inexplicable F. Schuyler Mathews. Illustrated in color, etc. New York:
though positive quality did not depend on her
G. P. Putnam's Sons.
SOME INDIAN FRIENDS AND ACQUAINTANCES. By Lt.-
personal presence, on her beauty or wit; for
Colonel D. D. Cunningham. Illustrated in color, eto. New
her charm has never died. That incomprehensi York: E. P. Dutton & Co.
ble magnetism, that power of making and keep WITH THE BIRDS IN MAINE. By Olive Thorne Miller,
Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
ing interest, still lives in the pages of her book.
BABY PATHFINDER TO THE BIRDS. By Harriet E. Rich-
This is not like the books of other women; ards and Emma G. Cummings. Illustrated. Boston: W. A.
there is about it a subtle something that is as
Butterfield.
A GUIDE TO THE BIRDS OF NEW ENGLAND AND EAST-
intangible as perfume, but is yet real.
ERN NEW YORK. By Ralph Hoffman. Illustrated. Boston:
The book by Mr. Charles M. Skinner on
Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
“ Little Gardens” is the very antipodes of LITTLE MITCHELL. The Story of a Mountain Squirrel.
" An Island Garden." Just as Mrs. Thaxter's
By Margaret W. Morley. Illustrated. Chicago: A. C. Mo-
Clurg & Co.
garden was unique, so is her volume full of
ROOF AND MEADOW. By Dallas Lore:Sharp. Illustrated.
rare thought and elusive sentiment and poetic | New York: The Century Co.


358
[June 1,
THE DIAL
wise.”
is full of tiny infant songs and chirps. Come and characters of the birds, which are often
out, then, with opera-glass and bird-book, and briskly humorous, and always show an ideal
join the ranks of the confessed lovers of the combination of the lover and the scientist.
wild. Truly you may return to the town with That the passion of the bird lover is equally
• hose ungartered, bonnet unbanded, sleeve un intense and devoted the world over is proved
buttoned, shoe untied, and everything about by Lt. Colonel Cunningham's ample volume on
you demonstrating a careless desolation,' but "Some Indian Friends and Acquaintances.”
you will return happy, and perhaps a little Compiled from “ a series of note-books that
were in almost daily use during a period of
These almoners of nature's charms have new nearly thirty years' residence in India,” this
and alluring things to say in books. For those work is so careful and appreciative as to inter-
of us who would have some science on which est one in birds and beasts quite unfamiliar.
to base our devotion, and to whom a bird by After reading it one scarcely knows whether to
any other name than its own would not sing envy or to pity the bird-student who lives in a
quite so sweet, there are guide-books with facts country where the human inhabitants are free
indubitable. For those who eschew rules and from a desire to capture or kill any strange or
reasons, there are “homilies of love" for pure beautiful living thing that they may meet with,
enjoyment.
where they have no youthful hereditary in-
Mr. Schuyler Mathews's “ Field Book of stinct for bird-nesting, and in mature life no
Wild Birds and their Music," a volume of form natural appreciation of murder as a fine art”;
and size convenient for actual use in the field, and where, consequently, the birds and beasties
is unique in the emphasis it places upon bird need not be sought out in the country, but
songs. Not only are the songs minutely de come to live in one's garden, and often in one's
scribed, but the musical notation is given with house. We may pray for this state of things
an elaborate key for the benefit of upmusical in our own country, but should we like it in
readers. Here we have the whip-poor-will's re India, where the birds are large and raptorial,
iterated exclamation, the screech owl's descend. and their brilliant colors are usually the ac-
ing tremolo, the pewee's plaint, Bob White's companiment of an aggressive, not to say in-
whistle, and all the other elusive strains, writ- trusive, disposition? Should we maintain our
ten down in black and white, with sharps and equanimity and our devotion unimpaired if
flats, grace notes and trills, phrasing and crows settled in the garden to dispute our
rhythm all complete. Can it be done ? we skep- right to be there, if kites flew upon us and
tically question. Not wholly, Mr. Mathews snatched things from our hands, and if mynas
admits. “ All is a literal transcription,” he and cuckoos called and chattered so as to dis-
says, “not without certain puzzling phases, of turb our early morning slumbers ? Should we
course; for who of us have never been both-enjoy having mongooses, bats, frogs, toads, and
ered by the rapid performance of expert musi- snakes in the garden, more bats and various
cians! Naturally, therefore, some of my records birds in the verandah, musk-shrews and palm-
are imperfect; indeed, it is safe to add that squirrels on the floor of the sitting room, lizards
some singers sang a great deal more than I was on the wall, rats on the thin ceiling, mice in
able to put down on paper.” It is safe to add, our books, and jackals in the basement ? If
too, that no instrument, human or otherwise, 80, we should be worthy of our love indeed, as
has just the intervals or just the quality of the Colonel Cunningham is of his.
bird's voice. Nevertheless, Mr. Mathews has A volume for pure delight is Mrs. Olive
performed a wonderful service for the bird Thorne Miller's “ With the Birds in Maine."
lover, and the accuracy of his notation makes The book is not locally limited, in spite of its
it possible to identify many an invisible singer title ; for are not the wooing of the oriole, the
The colored plates with which nesting of the olive-back, the first flights of
the book is plentifully furnished are also of baby red-starts, and the singing-lessons of little
great value; and if we must submit that the parulas, matters of prime importance the world
robin doesn't look exactly as he is here pic over ? Mrs. Miller is not one of those phil.
tured, we must remember, too, that the plate osophers who “fish with a generalization.”
maker and the printer are furnished with only She cultivates her bird friends one at a time,
“ limited red, yellow, and blue." These more and becomes intimate with individuals. The
conspicuous features of the book should not tricks and manners, the desires and sorrows,
make us neglect the descriptions of the looks perhaps we might add the morals, of each of
by his song


1904.]
359
THE
DIAL
them are as real to her as those of her human his infant voice lifted in protest against the
friends. She has gone so deeply into the heart death by starvation that threatened him when
of bird-land that she often half apologizes to his mother was shot. Miss Morley rescued
us for her intrusions and her revelations, and him, and carried him through a hard mountain
she knows the hidden truths of bird-life as tramp tucked safely inside her flannel blouse.
scarcely anyone else does. “The most fas. Having brought him up to responsible squirrel.
cinating of bird utterances to me," she says, hood and gallantly offered him his freedom,
" are the low-toned ones not intended for the which he as gallantly refused for her sake, she
world at large. Not talk' between two, took him to Boston to live a sheltered and
neither notes of warning, nor of welcome, but happy life as her pet and companion.
plainly soliloquies, murmurs, trills, gurgles, More discursive than any of the other vol.
and other indescribable sounds, evidently for umes in our present group, and also more
their own enjoyment. Such I often hear over democratic in its love for wild life, is Mr. Dal.
my head, or behind my back, when I cannot las Lore Sharp's “ Roof and Meadow." Mr.
stir without ending them. The finest song, Sharp knows what it is to feed a city-starved
and the greatest variety of shouts and calls to soul on an occasional glimpse of night-hawks
the general public, give me not half the plea- and migrating wild geese ; to tramp where
sure I feel when listening to these contented land and river, sky and sea, meet to make the
and happy little strains that assure me a fellow marsh; to stand " upright in a hawk's nest,
creature finds joy in living, and make me know sixty feet in the air, in the top of a gaunt old
that his life is not passed in constant terror.” white oak, high above the highest leaf, with
For the new devotee of bird-study who the screaming hawks about his head, and marsh
would shun detection there is the “ Baby Path- and river and bay lying far around"; to meet,
finder to the Birds,” a little volume by Harriet defy, and spare the giant black snake; and
E. Richards and Emma G. Cummings, which even to carry a ribbon-snake in his hat. He
is so small that it will slip comfortably into writes of these things, and of many others,
any pocket and thus bear no witness to inten- simply, lightly, often wittily; yet he makes us
tions bird-ward. It gives valuable and explicit feel in every line the poet's seriousness and
help, however, with a separate page for each subtlety. Here and there, and as a matter of
of one hundred and ten of our commonest temperament rather than quotable words, he
birds, and numbers which refer the student to reaches beyond the plane on which man sym-
Chapman's Manual.
pathizes with animal life, to the plane on which
Mr. Ralph Hoffman's “Guide to the Birds he feels himself one with that life. He de-
of New England and Eastern New York is, 80 spises the tickle-bird-screamer-naturalists who
to speak, a full-grown manual. A welcome have a mere passing, fashionable madness."
novelty is a separate key to the birds of each He is equally intolerant of the mere list-mak-
season — winter, summer, and autumn — with ing scientist. “I hardly know,” he comments,
special lists for March, April, and May. The " which state of mind is farther from the mind
descriptions of duck, plover, grouse, and other of the true nature-lover—the ecstatic, exclama-
game birds, and of shore and sea birds, are tory one, that goes chanting rimes and verses
unusually full. Best of all, there are ample like priests and spring poets, or the analytical,
illustrations, and the cuts are wisely made labeling mind, that scours the country with a
most numerous of those species, such as war. book, finding out what Linnæus, Audubon,
blers, sparrows; and vireos, that are hardest and Gray called things.” He himself is rev-
to identify. The text itself is delightfully full erent toward the whole “ kingdom of Out-of-
and accurate, and gratefully free from mis. Doors,” which he says most of us do not enter
placed sentiment and poetical quotation. because we go in too fast and make ourselves too
Lest we should forget that there are other obvious. And he assures us that even when
things than birds in the realms of nature, Miss we become real naturalists we must not expect
Margaret Morley tells us a fascinating squirrel often to have " those rare moments of wide,
story called "Little Mitchell.” Every child, free vision when we stand upon the heights”;
and every grown person who has a child's for “ Pisgah came but once to Moses, though
capacity for enjoying simple things, should his pathway ran forty years through the wil-
read this tale of the baby bushy who was derness.” Mr. Sharp takes up explicitly,
found clinging to a tree on Mt. Mitchell in though in few words, the great arraignment
North Carolina, his eyes still unopened, and which the other writers leave more or less im.


360
[June 1,
THE DIAL
be
plicit — the arraignment of the race that goes covers the entire field of vertebrate animals,
is clothed in murder.” The last pair of wood fish, flesh, fowl, and reptilian, not only in
cocks, which would have kept his marsh" allNorth America, where the work is done with
wild and untamed,” are gone, shot down by all thoroughness within the limits assigned,
the pot-hunters. Little Aix, the wood.duck, but including enough of life elsewhere on the
whose mother was killed before she could take earth's surface and in the air above and waters
him to join in the fall migration, lived mate under the earth to leave a fully adequate im-
less a dreary while in the swamp, and then dis- pression of the whole science of vertebrate
appeared; for “the gift of beauty is proving zoology.
fatal to the wood-duck. He is so graceful, so
In his introduction, after discussing some
beautiful in dress, that when any other duck technical details of nomenclature, Mr. Horna-
would be passed by, he is shot, in season and day contributes a few remarks headed “The
out, just to be looked at, taken home, and Intelligence of Animals : A Warning," which
stuffed.” Most cutting of all, the author ex have special application to the controversy
plains that he finally refrained from killing that has been raging more or less barm.
the great black snake, “the dragon of the lessly of late over the writings of what may
swale,” because the red birds, bluebirds, and called the neo-psycho-zoological school. Mr.
rabbits suffer comparatively little from him, Hornaday does not believe that the average
having “worse enemies than the dragon, though beast is of higher intelligence than the average
he is bad enough."
American voter. “ The virtues of the higher
This love of the birds and beasts bas its sor. animals have been extolled unduly, and their
rows, then, its baffling failures, its temptations intelligence has been magnified about ten diam-
to bitterness and despair,-as indeed what love eters," he observes. « The meannesses and
has not? Is it therefore unworthy ? Truly cruelties of wild animals toward each other
not. The favors may be long to seek and not form a long series of chapters which have not
too explicit, but they are doubly sweet for yet been written, and which no lover of ani-
their elusiveness. And the search is doublymals cares to write." He then goes on to ex-
precious because it has no end. If we under- cept certain stories from his general charge
stand rightly, we are glad to give ourselves to that most of this recent writing is a comming-
a devotion that passes our utmost endeavor, ling of fiction and reality ; but it is note-
and are thankful that
worthy that in this connection he praises most
“God who gives the bird its anguish maketh nothing
where his own personal observations and expe-
manifest,
riences have been least extensive. It must,
But upon our lifted foreheads pours the boon of end-
however, be quickly added that these observa-
less quest."
MAY ESTELLE COOK.
tions and experiences have been most wide,
and that no small part of the charm of the
book is due to the interspersal from opening
to close of first-hand information. Mr. Horn-
AN AMERICAN ANIMAL BOOK.*
aday has also a word of warning in regard to
much of the work that is now being done un-
The demand for a one-volume account of
der the generic title of “nature study."
American animals, convenient in form and
“Twenty-five years hence,” he remarks in this
popular in treatment, has been well supplied
connection, “some of the courses of study of
in the patient, wise, thorough, and witty work
of Mr. William T. Hornaday, director of the
the year 1903 will be regarded as educational
curiosities." He objects to the plan of begin-
New York Zoological Park. The sub-title of
ning with the lower and less immediately inter-
the book, “A Foundation of Useful Knowl-
esting creatures; and he inverts the process of
edge of the Higher Animals of North Amer.
evolution in his own work, beginning with the
ica,” is almost too modest a designation ; all it
means is that in a day of specialization this
anthropoid apes and closing with the lancelets.
work contains all the special knowledge that
In the course of the narrative all manner of
could possibly be contained in 450 octavo
superstitions are overthrown as far as may be,
and some matters regarded as doubtful are
pages of small but clear type. The author
given Mr. Hornaday's full authority. The
THE AMERICAN NATURAL HISTORY. A Foundation of gorilla, for example, does beat its breast when
Useful Knowledge of the Higher Animals of North America.
By William T. Hornaday. Illustrated. New York : Charles
enraged, as Paul Du Chaillu said ; the puma is
Scribner's Song.
"easily found by dogs, chased into low trees,


1904.]
361
THE DIAL
and shot without danger”; “porcupines can
RECENT BOOKS OF TRAVEL,*
not shoot their quills, not even for one inch";
the bear is seldom dangerous to man, and the
Mr. Douglas W. Freshfield's account of his jour-
deer family is exceedingly so at given times of
ney “Round Kangchenjunga” is a real contribu-
the year ; hawks, with some notable exceptions, ration. The author is one of the class of mountain
tion to the literature of mountain travel and explo-
are beneficial to man, and the nighthawk is a
climbers who look to the hills more for help than
goatsucker; snakes are as “ free from slime as a
for information. “I have always climbed ” he
watch-chain"; the living moose is really larger says, "for scenery first, for science afterward, and
than any extinct Irish elk; the sulphur - let me add — for what is included under the
bottom whale is bigger than any animal the modern term records' last.” Hence there is in
fossil remains of which have been discovered ; his book'an odor of the forest, a vision of rocks
the rattlesnake not only grows two and three and snows, of lofty passes and bottomless valleys,
Mr.
rattles a year, but the rattles beyond ten are
rather than a desert of charts and maps.
discarded through wear; owls not only do not
Freshfield and his companions, Professor Garwood
live with prairie dogs, but are seized and eaten
and Signor V. Sella, journeyed through Sikhim and
Eastern Nepal, with the intention of making the
by the latter if opportunity presents ; hoop tour of the great mountain Kangchenjunga, a feat
snakes do not exist; the gila monster is not that had not previously been accomplished by Euro-
poisonous to man; the bat no more alights in peans. They started from the last village of the
human hair “than the humming-bird ”; there Teesta valley, near the frontier of Tibet, crossed in
has been only one authentic case of a man's a five-days' march a pass of over twenty thousand
death by a shark in American waters, and that feet, and within three weeks reached the village of
was in in 1830 ; and so on, through scores of
Kangbacken in the forbidden land of Nepal. After
equally interesting instances.
ten days in Nepal the party returned to Sikbim,
and skirted the southern flank of the mountain,
The manner of treatment throughout is not
thus accomplishing their aim. It was from the
merely interesting, it is exceeding witty and
Kangchen Glacier in Nepal that the author got his
uniformly readable. For instance, in describing most glorious view of the Kangchenjunga group.
the sloths hunted in Guiana by Mr. Hornaday, With a reproduction of the magnificent panoramic-
he says, “ Judging by the awful deliberation of teleophotographic picture taken by Signor Sella be-
those that we saw in motion, I estimated that fore us, we read with interest these words of the
a really swift sloth could travel half a mile in author:
twenty-four bours, if not sidetracked.” The “It has been easy to catalogue the several parts that com-
posed the astounding landscape before our eyes. But it is,
only defects observable in the work are slight; | I fear, impossible to carry to the reader any notion of the
as for example in the omission of some common
* ROUND KANGCHENJUNGA. By Donglas W. Freshfield.
names such as “ milk-snake” and “ snapping
Illustrated. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
turtle.” The pictures, most of them drawings FROM PARIS To New YORK BY LAND. By Harry de
by artists of repute, are numerous and excel-
Windt. Illustrated. New York: Frederick Warne & Co.
lent, and the original charts of the first value.
The GREAT NORTH-WEST AND THE GREAT LAKES
REGION OF NORTH AMERICA. By Paul Fountain. New
It would seem that every
effort had been made
York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
by the author to secure accuracy and modernity AROUND THE WORLD WITH A KING. By William N.
of treatment, and his book is altogether one to
Armstrong. Illustrated. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Co.
FORWARD. By Lina Boegli. With portraits. Philadel-
be prized on every account.
phia: J. B. Lippincott Co.
WALLACE RICE.
Two ARGONAUTS IN SPAIN. By Jerome Hart. Illus-
trated. San Francisco: Payot, Upham & Co.
THE BACK BLOCKS OF China. By R. Logan Jack. Illus-
SOME of the best novels published during the past trated. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
year or two by Messrs. Little, Brown, & Co., a house PIONEERING IN CENTRAL AFRICA. By the Rev. Samuel
that has always made a specialty of high-grade fiction, Phillips Verner. Illustrated. Richmond, Va.: Presbyterian
are now being reissued in popular editions at a low
Committee of Publication.
price. Among the volumes sent us, we note such ex-
A NATURALIST IN THE GUIANAS. By Eugène André.
cellent stories as Mrs. Goodwin's “White Aprons,” Mr.
Illustrated. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
Sienkiewicz's “ With Fire and Sword” and “Without
THROUGH THE LANDS OF THE SERB. By Mary E. Dur-
ham. Illustrated. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
Dogma,” Miss Charles's “ In the Country God Forgot,"
Mrs. Crowley's “ A Daughter of New France," and Mr.
IN TAE UTTERMOST East. By Charles H. Hawes. Illus
trated. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
Le Gallienne's “The Love Letters of the King.” The
A TRAMP IN SPAIN. By Bart Kennedy. Illustrated.
books are clearly printed on good paper, well bound in
New York : Frederick Warne & Co.
cloth, and in most cases supplied with a frontispiece
THE BALKANS FROM WITHIN. By Reginald Wyon.
illustration. Those in search of desirable yet inexpen Illustrated. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
sive fiction for vacation reading cannot fail to find some New LAND. By Otto Sverdrup. In two volumes. Illus-
thing to their taste among the volunies in this series. trated. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
..


362
[June 1,
THE DIAL
general effect. The individual features of the landscape are by Mr. Paul Fountain, is a somewhat unusual one,
not unfamiliar to mountaineers; the Himalayan giants are, both in its genesis and its execution. The author,
with a difference, greater Alps ; . . . but the scale was far
larger and the impression left on the mind one of stupendous
when a lad of seventeen, made a series of rambling
Tastness. . . It is no wonder that the Nepalese yakherds trips through the region adequately described in the
who penetrate to this spot should regard it as the special title; and now, nearly forty years after, he puts an
haunt of the spirit of the mountains, a place where 'Gods account of his travels in print. His wanderings
and saints dwell in great numbers.''
included the basin of the Great Lakes on both the
Aside from the interest of the book as a record of Canadian and the American sides, the Red River
mountain travel, it contains some valuable observa- Valley, the Winnipeg region, Ottawa River settle-
tions on the present relationship between British
ments, the St. Lawrence, the Ohio, and the Michi-
India and Tibet. Mr. Freshfield, who accom gan districts," with a side trip into Massachusetts,
plished this trip in 1899, makes some very clear where a Shaker settlement was visited. Mr. Foun-
and terse statements on the aggressive actions of tain, who prides himself on being a mere lover of
the Tibetang. The volume is illustrated with the nature, confined his rambles almost entirely to the
best pictures of mountain scenery that we have seen wilds, and hence we have readable accounts of our
in many a day. For those who are interested in backwoods life that has now almost disappeared.
the strictly scientific phases of the region, there are The book is really a medley of accounts of life
excellent tentative geological and glacial maps by among the lumbermen, the Indians, farmers, set-
Professor Garwood.
tlers, and trappers; of bird and animal life ; of fish-
Three newspaper owners of Paris, London, and ing and hunting trips ; of husking-bees and country
New York, respectively, sent Mr. Harry de Windt frolics; and of pungent, indeed rather peppery,
in 1901 on a trip “ to ascertain the feasibility of
comments on our national traits of forty years ago.
constructing a railway to connect the chief cities of There is certainly enough in the volume about our
France and America.” Mr. de Windt made a sim.
Yankee boastfulness, exaggeration, excitability,
ilar attempt in 1896, but met with failure half-way,
self-conceit, and squeamishness, to account for the
on the Siberian shores of Bering Straits. His sec-
author's admiration for Dickens's account of
ond attempt was successful in that he accomplished
America. But we forgive Mr. Fountain's restric-
his
purpose,
but not 80 successful in regard to prov-
tions on account of their faint Borrovian touch.
ing that his footsteps will be followed by a practi-
Perhaps no part of the book is more entertaining
cal line of railway. His account of the journey, as
than the chapter describing “Bees" - meaning
contained in his book entitled “From Paris to New
such affairs as husking-bees, quilting-bees, and the
York by Land,” is graphically told, with a certain
like. One excerpt will indicate its quality.
air of bravado that is not unpleasing. The party
“It was the time of the Indian Summer,' a well-known
of three left Paris on December 19, 1901, bound
and most delightful season in North America, always eagerly
looked for; and the husking took place in the open air. It
for Moscow, where they met with the usual initial
frequently is performed in barns in the winter months ; but
delays; but early in the following year they were there is no fixed time for these 'frolics' as they are most
on their way to Irkutsk, four thousand miles
away.
generally termed — the word 'bee? being more in use among
From Irkutsk they went to Yakutsk, “the most im-
the lower classes, as I should call them; but, in my early time
at least, one had better have set a match to a barrel of gun-
moral city in the world (with a mental reservation
powder than to have spoken of lower classes in America. Yet
regarding Bucharest)"; thence, by hard and starv there is no country in the world where there is a class held
ing stages, they skirted the Arctic Ocean, and on in greater contempt than the class that is dollarless in the
May 19 reached East Cape, on Bering Straits,
States."
where by rare good fortune they were helped across
Following this is a definition of a “cob," taken from
the Straits, and came within sight of their jour-
“ Daniel ” Webster's dictionary !
ney's end. From Cape Prince of Wales they came Mr. William N. Armstrong, a brother of the late
into the borders of the highly civilized surroundings General Armstrong of Hampden Institute, and a
of Nome City, thence to Dawson, and thence to member of the cabinet of King Kalakaua (the last
Skaguay by the familiar railway through White king of Hawaii), accompanied his royal master in
Pass, on by water to Seattle and San Francisco,
the latter's unique tour of the world in 1881, and
and by rail to New York, which latter city they he now publishes an account of the trip in a volume
reached August 19, having covered in all over entitled “ Around the World with a King.” The
eighteen thousand miles. We learn, from one of
party composing the royal retinue on this trip was
the many interesting and carefully compiled appen certainly an odd one: a king of absolute power in
dices, that the trip through Europe and Asia from his islands; the author, an American, who was the
Irkutsk was accomplished by the use of eight hun King's Minister of State; Colonel C. H. Judd, the
dred horses, about eight hundred and fifty rein-
Lord Chamberlain; and a bibacious German Baron
deer, and over a hundred dogs. The volume is to
for a valet. Their trip was modestly planned 80
be commended for its excellent illustrations, and as to avoid a possible stubbing from foreign roy-
especially for its unusually complete index.
alty, yet in the ten months they travelled they were
The volume entitled “The Great North-West received with invariable honors by the rulers of the
and the Great Lakes Region of North America," world. Mr. Armstrong, as Prime Minister, evi-


1904.)
363
THE DIAL
en-
manner.
dently had his hands full in keeping his Majesty sketches of travel, the book is light as air, — the
in presentable shape, while the King himself re author frankly avers that the reader will find noth-
turned to his dominions a sadder and a wiser man, ing in it about religion, revolutions, or politics, -
convinced that his subjects were to be congratulated. but the keen journalistic comments are frequently
"They had enough to eat and wear, and they were cer freighted with suggestive common sense, or
tainly happier than any people he had seen; they were
livened by a touch of kindly good humor. An
never in debt, because no one trusted them; their kulianas
(little homesteads) brought them a living; they enjoyed
instance in point is Mr. Hart's conjecture that the
music and out-of-door life; he did not believe that one of his degeneration of Spain is traceable to the eternal
subjects ever went to bed hungry; no one ever robbed them; rolling of cigarettes, the time lost by that pleasing
they had no dyspepsia, which he said was common in
occupation amounting to about " forty million days'
America."
labor every year!”
Mr. Armstrong had the wisdom to see the incon-
gruities of such a journey, and the wit to nar-
The sub-title of Dr. R. Logan Jack's “The
Back Blocks of China” runs as follows: “A nar.
rate them in an unpretentious and entertaining
The book is illustrated with portraits of
rative of experiences among the Chinese, Sifans,
Lolos, Tibetans, Shans, and Kaching, between
many royal personages of the period described.
Shanghai and the Irrawadi.” This is sufficiently
Very different from the foregoing is the account
descriptive of a book relating the experiences of a
of a trip around the world given by Miss Lina
party of British travellers who, during the Boxer
Boegli in her very readable book entitled “ For-
rising in 1900, were compelled to leave the Land of
ward.” A poor Swiss girl, living in Austria, full
the Sun by the back-door route. We believe that
of dreams of world-travel, “ capable of conceiving
Dr. Jack's record of the conditions and events in
mad ideas and of executing them, too,” determines
to traverse the globe, and allows herself ten years
western China during the Boxer difficulty is the
only complete published account, and as such it has
in which to do it. Moreover, she determines to
much interest. The party of engineers had been
earn her expenses as she goes, by school-teaching.
Of a lively temperament, with a keen zest for
examining mining properties in the province of
Szechuan; but in the late summer they were forced
sight-seeing and a will to do, she set out from Cra-
cow in 1892, on the steamer “Vorwarts” (whence
to take flight from Maha, in the valley of the Ya
the title of her book), going in turn to Australia,
Lung, west of the city of Ning Yuan, and they
arrived at Bhamo on October 21. The hurry of
Hawaii, the United States, and England ; making
the flight did not hinder Dr. Jack from making
long stays at Sydney, Honolulu, and San Francisco,
teaching school at each place, and taking side-trips time, with geological notes; but it prevented his
accurate observations of heights, distances, and
in vacation periods; and finally ending her leis-
making any detailed study of the people, among
urely but venturesome trip at Cracow in 1902.
whom he stopped for only brief periods. While
She wrote of her journey to a friend as she saw
advocating the partition of the Chinese Empire
the passing show, and now the account is published
the author
says:
in its original epistolary form. Here is an item
“I doubt, however, whether the resources of any Euro-
that will tickle the vanity of New Englanders:
pean, Japanese, or American Power are equal to the task.
"At last I have found the corner of the earth where I Russia, indeed, may be willing to take the burden,- in a
should like to settle down for the rest of my natural life; general way, she seems inclined to take anything she can
that corner is Concord, ... Not that Concord is so very get, - but it would beggar her and paralyze even her mag-
beautiful,- I have seen thousands of places that are far more nificent organization, ... The province is the only real unit
attractive; but this one is just what I would like for a perma of national life. If ever the provinces of China should assert
nent home: a clean, quiet, restful village, right in the coun the independence which they have practically achieved with-
try, and yet near enough to Boston . . . to keep in easy touch out knowing it, every nation which has an interest in progress,
with the world. Moreover, the atmosphere seems impreg commerce, civilization, and peace, will do well to recognize
nated with good, pure, noble thoughts."
them."
The chief interest of the book lies not so much in
The book bearing the title “Pioneering in Cen-
the descriptions of persons and places, as in the tral Africa,” written by the Rev. Samuel Phillips
frank personality of the writer.
Verner, brings before us strange lands, strange
Quite in contrast with Miss Boegli’s leisurely people, and strange experiences, in a thoroughly
journey is Mr. Jerome Hart's hop-skip-and-jump interesting and vivid manner. As a story of a
tour through Spain, an account of which he pub- missionary's adventures, the volume is as exciting
lishes under the title “Two Argonauts in Spain." as one could well wish; hair-breadth escapes are
The two argonauts went into Spain from the north, not few, and even the every-day life seems full of
crossing the Pyrenees with lingering looks on the excitement of the unexpected and the unknown.
fair fields of France; thence, after a glimpse at Intermingled with incidents of adventure are de-
Barcelona, they hastened on to Madrid, where they scriptions of scenery well befitting the weird land
saw the lighter side of Spanish life; then on to of Africa. Mr. Verner is appreciative of the won-
sunny Andalusia, through Cordova and Grenada, ders of the benighted country, and loses few oppor-
finally departing from Seville. The account of tunities to show his delight. Sometimes the scenes
their jaunt was first published in the form of weekly described seem almost too wonderful, the adven-
letters to the San Francisco “ Argonaut.” As tures too remarkable; but Mr. Verner's style is so


364
[June 1,
THE DIAL
plainly narrative, and so evidently sincere, that one's Cetinje in Montenegro, where she received five
doubts fly before it. It is this same sincerity, al offers of marriage in twenty minutes, to Valgevo
lied with a humorous sense of the incongruous, that in Servia, where she dodged a roomful of impe-
brings the African tribes in their pristine kindliness cunious army officers each willing to become a
and blood-thirstines8 so immediately before us. It Benedict, thence to Belgrade, where she escaped a
is hardly necessary to add that the author's primary handsome police officer who offered to clear a way
purpose is to arouse interest in the missionary work for her through life, she made a triumphant tour
being done by brave men in the heart of the Afri- through lands that have been the shuttlecocks of the
can jungle.
dations. It is hardly fair to the author, however,
The very title of Mr. Eugene André's volume, to give the impression that her journey (sprigbtly
“ A Naturalist in the Guianas,” is a sesame to a
as is her description of it) was a frivolous one, for
world of adventures. The author, who for ten years she seems to bave touched the life of the Montene-
has been a collector in Venezuela and Colombia, tells grins and the Servians most thoroughly. She points
in a remarkably simple style the story of his two out this interesting difference between the two
trips up the Caura affluent of the Orinoco, the land
nations :
of the fabled El Dorado, "a region of impene-
“During all these years the Montenegrins have been learn-
trable forests, of open savannas, mountains of fan-
ing to obey while the Servians have learnt to oppose all forms
of government. The subjects of Prince Nicola are disciplined
tastic shapes and surpassing grandeur; a region of
and self-respecting ; of those of King Peter it has not been
abundant rains and rapid rivers - a region rich in inaptly remarked that where there are four soldiers, there are
bird, insect, and vegetable life, but difficult of ac- five generals."
cess and deadly in climate." Mr. André's first trip | We learn from a publisher's note included in the
to the Caura river was in the nature of a pleasure present volume that Miss Durham is now in Mace-
tramp in search of orchids, with Taragua Moun- donia. It is to be hoped that she will publish an
tain, the most important of the mountain masses in account of her travels there.
the region, as the objective point; while his second
- In the Uttermost East” is the title of one of the
and more hazardous journey was into the little
most substantial and instructive books on the Sibe-
known region of the Merivari River and Ameha
Mountain. As a naturalist, he of course took his
rian exile system and the Eastern question in gen-
keenest delight in the oddities of nature. One can
eral that have recently appeared. In addition to
extensive travels in Korea, Siberia, and Manchuria,
readily imagine the pleasure afforded by a sight of
the following improvised and untrained circus :
the author, Mr. Charles H. Hawes, made a thorough
investigation among the natives and the Russian
“On more than one occasion I observed capuchins per-
form an acrobatic feat in the style of the leaping somersaults
convicts of the little-explored island of Sakhalin,
from the spring board one sees at a circus. If a troop of lying to the east of Mancburia and the Amur re-
these monkeys while travelling the gh the tree-tops came gion, far beyond the terminus of the Trans-Siberian
to a spot where the trees were some distance apart, they
Railway. As the first English traveller to explore
would run out to the end of some thin, pliable, but strong
branch, and leap up and down until they caused it to sway
the northern interior of the island, Mr. Hawes is
violently; then taking advantage of the momentum of the able to give us many new facts concerning life
swinging branch they would clear the intervening distance among the convicts in this far-away penal settle-
one after the other, a feat which they would have been una-
ment, and regarding the customs and manners of
ble to perform from a stationary object."
the bitherto undescribed natives — the Gilyaks and
But all was not a circus holiday. On the return the Orochons. Concerning morality at this outpost
trip, the work of months was lost by the wrecking of civilization he notes that “there must be a larger
of a boat containing valuable specimens and photo number of crimes committed in proportion to the
graphic views, and the author's extensive journal.population on Sakhalin than anywhere else.” In
With little food, and a good two hundred miles
regard to the natives, we learn that the Gilyak is
before them, the party of fifteen men set out to beat short of stature, wiry, and spare of limb; his com-
their
way back to the nearest station. After twenty plexion is tawny and gipsy-like but not yellow, and
eight days of suffering eight starving human beings his hair, worn in a pigtail, is black. The Orochons,
dragged themselves into the settlement at La
according to Mr. Hawes, are in some respects supe-
Prision. Mr. André tells his tale in such a pictur-rior to the Gilyaks; they are probably “ a branch
esque way that one is tempted to give his account
of the great Tungus race of which the Manchu is the
more than one reading. The fact that Dr. J. Scott
most civilized, and the so-called Tungus of Eastern
Keltie has written an appreciative preface to the Siberia the wildest representative. The Orochon
volume is high commendation of its quality. is only a little less wild than the Tungus, but he ap-
“This is Illyria, lady," the Captain informed pears to have come more in contact with surround.
Viola, and from that time began Viola's troubles ing tribes ... and to have been influenced to
in love. Likewise Miss Mary E. Darham had many lead a rather less nomadic life than the original
humorous affairs of the heart in her travels through stock.” The Orochons are also superior to the
Illyria, as recounted in a bright and thoroughly Gilyaks as linguists, as hunters, and as traders.
vivacious style in her volume entitled “Through Mr. Hawes has told his story well, and has height-
the Lands of the Serb." From her starting point, ened the interest of his account by many helpful and


1904.]
365
THE DIAL
interesting sketches and photographs, and a com Balkan nation that would not use its advantage to the full,
plete map of his travels.
for however great Russia's influence may be — with her hands
free — she is intensely hated by Serb, Bulgar, Greek and
Mr. Bart Kennedy, who is evidently a man with Turk alike. Montenegro is Russia's only friend . . . and
an open mind and a spirit of camaraderie, tells us Montenegro would inevitably join in the game of grab."
in his book entitled “A Tramp in Spain ” of Over one hundred unusually good illustrations add
roving pilgrimage from Andulasia to Andorra. His
to the attractiveness of the volume.
object was to get near the heart of Spanish life :
"to go into and explore the towns, to go through
The last book on our present list is the impor-
tant two-volume work by Captain Otto Sverdrup,
the mountains, to tramp through country parts, to
entitled “New Land.” Captain Sverdrup, who will
see the cathedrals and places of art on the way ;
be remembered as Dr. Nansen's chief lieutenant in
in fine, to see Spain from as many view-points as
that explorer's trip into the farthest north, made
possible.” Armed with a revolver, a knapsack, and
a passport, he thus wandered through Andulasia
no attempt to reach the pole. His expedition, how-
and Granada, lands characterized by the spirit of
ever, was made in Dr. Nansen's famous ship, the
“mañana" and inhabited by a charming pleasure-
“ Fram,” this time fitted out solely for exploration
and scientific purposes.
With fifteen men Captain
loving people. In Guadalajara, the men impressed
him as a “ fine lot of fellows," with broad and rather Sverdrup left Norway June 24, 1898, and returned
in September, 1902, having spent four years of hard
hard faces, suggesting the Scotch, — such men as
work in exploring the new land. The region trav-
hardly belong to a “dying nation.” In Catalonia,
the inhabitants are described as virile and energetic,
ersed and explored by the party covers an approxi-
mate area of over one hundred thousand square
with a hard look in their faces, but without the
miles. The area mapped by the expedition lies to
underlying sullenness that characterizes the faces
the north and the east of Greenland, or more spe-
of men in Castile. Throughout his book Mr. Ken-
nedy casts a rosy hue about the mach maligned citially to the west of Kane Basin and Baffin Bay,
and to the north of Jones Sound. The northern
Spanish people, and he takes a particular pleasure
shore of North Devon was also mapped. King
in ridiculing Americans for pitying them. His
impression of the working classes in Spain is thus
Oscar Land, west of Gripnell Land, and Ellesmere
summed up:
Land, were explored; Ellesmere Land being crossed
for the first time by any explorer. The islands to
"I saw a working people who are better off than our own
working people. A people with more to eat - a people bet-
the west of King Oscar Land, and lying north of the
ter housed — sturdier people — a healthier people. In fine, &
Parry Islands and King Christian Land, were named
people who got more out of life. They had plenty of bread Amund Ringnes Land and Ellef Ringnes Land, in
and plenty of wine. They took it easy. They did not have
honor of the men who bore much of the
expense
in
to conform to that sinister and horrible paradox to kill
one's self to live."
fitting out the expedition. Isachsen Land was named
Mr. Kennedy relates his many interesting adven.
in honor of Captain Isachsen, the cartographer; and
tures in a decidedly personal manner, his style being
the last and largest of the islands in this new region,
an odd mixture of the garrulous, the affected, and lying immediately to the northwest of King Oscar
the picturesque.
Land, is now called Axel Heiberg Land, after Con-
sul Heiberg, who was the third man to share the
Any book dealing with the Balkans is sure to
expense of the expedition. Captain Sverdrup states
prove of lively interest, and almost certain to con-
the main problem of the exploring party as follows:
tain a prediction of immediate trouble in a region
"In our over-land journeys from Hayes Sound, we had
where trouble is native to the soil. Mr. Reginald observed that the country was indented by larger fjords, and
Wyon's volume, “ The Balkans from Within,” is no it appeared to me that the best thing we could now do would
exception to the rule. The author, who spent sev-
be to ascertain whether or not these fjords were connected
with Norskebugten or Greely Fjord, or whether there really
eral years in the Balkan States as a special corre-
existed a sound northward to Greely Fjord.”
spondent, has made a sympathetic study of the vola-
tile Albanians, Serbs, Montenegrins, and Bulgars,
The problem was solved by Captain Sverdrup, who
discovered the existence of a sound northward to
and has written a most readable book about them.
He states that “The greater part of this volume is
Greely Fjord.
occupied with an endeavor to conjure up rough
Straight across the sound ... and as far north as we
could see, the waterway was covered with pressed-up autumn
pictures of life amongst the sturdy and warlike
ice, horribly difficult to make one's way in, apparently, but
inhabitants of certain Balkan States.” That Mr. little we cared for that. We had looked into the promised
Wyon has a most affectionate regard for these
land. We gave a sigh of relief, one and all, and were as
happy as childre
people, and a most fervid hatred for their oppres-
sors, is evident on every page. In view of the great
This brief summary conveys no adequate idea of
Eastern war now waging, the following prediction Captain Sverdrup's spirited and noteworthy account
is pertinent:
of his four years' trials in the Arctic regions; but
“To a very great extent the immediate fate of the Bal it is all that our space will permit. The volumes
kans depends on events in the Far East. Any serious are well illustrated with over two hundred plates
reverse to the Russian arms would very likely lead to an out and drawings, and are accompanied by a number
break of a serious nature in the interior of the Czar's do-
of valuable maps.
minions, which is seething with discontent. There is not a
H. E. COBLENTZ.
19
over it."


366
[June 1,
THE DIAL
quaintance in “ John Maxwell's Marriage,” by Mr.
RECENT FICTION.*
Stephen Gwynn. The scene is the Protestant Ire-
In “ The American Prisoner " Mr. Eden Phill. land of the north, the time the sixties and seventies
potts gives us something more closely approaching of the eighteenth century. The coincidence re-
the conventional romance than he has written ceives still further emphasis from the fact that the
hitherto. His work has still the idyllic quality, and hero, although an Irishman by birth, becomes im-
is strongly flavored with the soil, but it has also plicated in American history as an agent of the
the interest of ingenious and complicated plot and Revolution. The story of his marriage, and of the
of the historical background. If his “Children of important consequences that proceed from it, we
the Mist” and other earlier books brought him leave to the reader's investigation, with the assurance
fairly into comparison with Blackmore, our sense
that he will find the task agreeably exciting. The
of his kinship with that writer is strengthened by story is a capital one from every point of view, and
the present performance, which portrays the scenes we commend it with a good conscience.
and types of character that Blackmore loved, and
Dr. William Barry is a novelist who must be
tells a story almost as fascinating as “ Alice Lor-
reckoned with, although his work is very uneven.
raine” or “ The Maid of Sker.” The scene is “Arden Massiter" was a story of such remarkable
Dartmoor, and the time that of the Napoleonic quality and romantic interest that the appearance
wars; or, what is more to the point, of the unhappy
of “ The Dayspring," a few weeks ago, aroused
war between England and the United States. It in us anticipations of the most pleasurable natare.
will be remembered that Dartmoor was the site of
They have not been altogether realized, for the
a great war prison, where both French and Amer. work is rather confused in plan, and weighed down
ican captives were held in durance at the time in with episodes and situations that do not stand in
question. One of these captives, a lusty young Amer- very close organic connection with the plot, bat
ican sailor from Vermont, is the hero of the romance,
there is no denying the brilliancy of its detailed
the heroine being the daughter of an English gen-
execution, or the extraordinary energy and vivid-
tleman farmer living thereabouts. Being a master-
ness of the dramatic scenes which are presented as
ful person, and holding the American rebels in de-
the climax in neared. For the rest, it is a story of
testation, it is natural that he should
oppose
the the War of 1870, of the Commune, and of the
aims of young love, and a pleasant complication triumph of the Versaillais. The hero is an Irish
results. The book is widely diversified in its inter- refugee in Paris, who allies himself with the social-
est, is not burdened with an intolerable weight of
ist cause, and barely escapes with his life during
dialect, and belongs to the class of fiction which, those exciting May days. His love for a young
while not failing in entertainment, is also literature
widow of the noblesse causes duty to be thwarted
in a fairly high sense.
by inclination, and gives him a difficult course to
Another masterful person, thwarted by a roman-
steer. As is quite proper, a lucky escape from
tic and disobedient daughter, is presented for our ao-
the difficulty is in the end provided, and we leave
the happy lovers on the verge of a new life, look-
* THE AMERICAN PRISONER. A Romance of the West ing westward across the seas for their future. No
Country. By Eden Phillpotts. New York: The Macmillan Co.
one who can appreciate romance of the better sort
John MAXWELL'S MARRIAGE. By Stephen Gwynn. New will regret having read this book, even if it does
York: The Macmillan Co.
fall somewhat below the level of the author's best
THE DAYSPRING. By Dr. William Barry. New York:
Dodd, Mead & Co.
achievement.
THE RED LEAGUERS. By Shan F. Bullock. New York: “The Red Leaguers,” by Mr. Shan F. Bullock,
McClure, Phillips & Co.
is the story of an imaginary uprising in the Ireland
THE STORY OF Susan. By Mrs. Henry Dudeney. New of the present or the future. The conditions are
York: Dodd, Mead & Co.
strictly modern, but beyond that general fact, there
YARBOROUGH THE PREMIER. By Agnes Russell Weekes.
New York: Harper & Brothers.
is no time-indication of a definite character. We
THE VINEYARD. By John Oliver Hobbes. New York:
learn just how the thing is to be done, as the rebel-
D. Appleton & Co.
lious Irishman pictures it to himself - how the
SUSANNAH AND ONE OTHER. By E. Maria Albanesi. carefully-laid plot and oath-bound league lead to a
New York: McClure, Phillips & Co.
concerted revolt in scores of towns at once, how the
ROBERT CAVELIER. By William Dana Orcutt. Chicago:
A. C. McClurg & Co.
leaders seek in vain to restrain the passions of their
WHEN WILDERNESS WAS KING. A Tale of the Illinois
men, how the country-side is deluged with blood,
Country. By Randall Parrish. Chicago : A. C. McClurg
and how in the end the whole thing collapses through
& Co.
indecision and jarring counsels. The story is told
THE GRAFTERS. By Francis Lynde. Indianapolis : The with considerable spirit, and shows an intimate
Bobbs-Merrill Co.
knowledge of Irish character as well as of the life
THE GREAT ADVENTURER. By Robert Shackleton. New
York: Doubleday, Page & Co.
of the peasantry.
SIR MORTIMER. A Novel. By Mary Johnston. New
Despite their depressing atmosphere and their
York: Harper & Brothers.
almost morbid point of view, the novels of Mrs.
DALRYMPLE. A Romance of the Prison Ship, the Jersey. Henry Dudeney are so remarkable that they must
By Mary C. Francis. New York: James Pott & Co. be reckoned with. This writer has heretofore shown


1904.)
367
THE DIAL
even seen.
herself to be no unworthy disciple of Mr. Hardy in what Mrs. Cragie has shown herself capable of
the portrayal of rustic character; she now exhibits doing.
in addition much of the power of George Eliot. “ Susannab and One Other,” by Miss E. Maria
not the creator of Romola and the people of Middle- Albanesi, is a story of private life in modern En-
march, but the painter of the Scenes from Cler- glish society, and turns upon a rather singular
ical Life” and the author of “Adam Bede.” Mrs. complication. Susannah (who is the heroine) is
Dudeney's latest novel, “The Story of Susan," takes persuaded by a wicked and worldly sister to pretend
us into the spiritually murky air of an English vil. an engagement with a man whom she has never
lage of some sixty years ago.
We use this form
This is done to save a delicate situa-
of description because the theme of the work is not tion compromising to the wicked sister. But the
80 much a study of individual character as it is of a engagement thus entered
upon
without
any
serious
certain hard and unlovely type of religious bigotry, intention comes to have serious consequences. The
which merely makes life unnecessarily miserable, man turns out to be worth loving by the heroine,
without offering any apparent compensations. and we soon suspect that he is the “ one other
Under such an influence a young silversmith and a of the title. There are difficulties and misunder-
lady's maid -the two leading characters of the standings, of course, but the end is satisfactory to
story - are bafiled at every step in the endeavor the sentimental heart, and the book as a whole has
to work out a normal existence, and their lives are a sort of unobtrusive charm that makes it pleasant
blighted almost past the saving. A chastened hap to read.
piness becomes theirs in the end, after long years “ Robert Cavelier” is a romance, as few readers
of spiritual agony which are none the less real be will need to be told, of the great French explorer
cause the result of artificial causes. They are who first sailed down the Mississippi to the Gulf,
humble folk indeed, but the author's art makes and added a new realm to the dominions of the
them intensely alive, and far more significant in French king. The book begins with the story of
their relation to the essential issues of human fate the youthful hero, in the character of a Jesuit
than the high-placed figures that people the greater novice, just ready to revolt from the discipline and
part of our popular fiction. The book is art of a methods of the order. He is speedily rescued from
rare and noble sort, but hardly offers entertain. that captivity, and brought to New France, where we
ment as that term is commonly understood. soon find him established in his seigneury of La
“Yarborough the Premier" is a novel of the Chine. Then follows the story of his return to the
English politics of to-day — or to-morrow — written Court, and his acquisition of the royal authority for
with a firm grasp upon the facts of contemporary the carrying out of his great plan. His years in the
public life, and carried to a striking conclusion. Western wilderness are swiftly sketched, and we at
The leading character is a man who rises to power last find him at the mouth of the mighty river, and
by the most unscrupulous methods, and is redeemed witness bis erection of the royal standard. The
from utter baseness by the sole fact that a deep Jesuit intrigues which seek to thwart him through-
and genuine patriotism provides a sort of excuse out his career are made to contribute effectively to
for his course of trickery and deceit. In the end, the interest of this simple and straightforward ro-
the fruits of his triumph turn to ashes in his mouth, mance, which may be commended in sober, although
for he has a child whom he idolizes, and this boy, hardly in glowing, terms.
learning some of the secrets of his father's career, A somewhat more pretentious romance of Amer.
condemns them with all the fearlessness of un ican history is entitled. “When Wilderness Was
tempted youth, thereby embittering the last hours King,” the work of Mr. Randall Parrish. This is
of the seemingly successful man. The novel is one a story of the Fort Dearborn massacre of 1812,
of unusual strength, and is made all the more un told from a close study of the historical records
usual (considering its theme) by the fact that it is available, and shaped into romantic form by means
the work of a woman.
of the not uncommon accessories of homespun hero,
can hardly congratulate “John Oliver courtly rival, and distressed maiden heroine. The
Hobbes ” upon her latest novel, “The Vineyard.” bistorical theme bas been used before, but not upon
To begin with, the title has no meaning whatever 80 large a scale as the present; in fact, nearly the
within the reach of our discernment. That, of whole action of the story is concerned with the
course, would not matter were the story itself events of three or four days. Within this brief
reasonably interesting, but it is not. Nothing more period, however, there is condensed excitement
is given us than a study of the relations between a enough and to spare. The sort of thing may be
very commonplace Englishman and the two young easily imagined, for it has been done a hundred
women who alternately or conjointly enlist his times before. The book is exceptionally pleasing in
affections. One of them appeals to his sentiment, its manufacture, and is adorned with a series of
and the other to his interest, and neither is made noteworthy colored illustrations, the work of Mr.
particularly attractive, whether as a personality or and Mrs. Kinney.
a study of character. Of course, there is a certain The peculiar type of novel based upon the in-
sort of cleverness and hard brilliancy about the tense rivalries of competition in the American in-
work, but the performance is greatly inferior to dustrial and financial world has become a perma-
We


368
[June 1,
THE DIAL
nent feature of our current fiction. The novels of Elizabethan romance of adventure on the Spanish
every season now include several such works, and Main, she tells a story that is anything but straight-
they are apt to be among the best of the yearly forward, that is thin in real texture, and that seeks
output. As a concession to prejudice, the love to conceal its poverty of invention beneath a heavy
interest is still allowed a certain place in the plot, load of rhetoric and verbal ornamentation. This
but it is subordinated to the real interest of the ac affected euphemism is not a good imitation, and
tion, which centres about some drama of industrial will deceive no reader of discernment. The trick
leadership, or clash of warring financial interests, of Elizabethan mannerism intrudes upon us at every
or unholy alliance between commercialism and poli point, clogs what action the story has, and leaves
tics. And, somewhat to our surprise, this new sort on the whole an unpleasant impression. As for the
of story is as absorbing, in its way, as was the story hero, we venture to think that so impossible a fig.
of older fashion, which knew nothing of such con ure has rarely been projected into a work of fiction.
ditions or of such a life. We have just been read We are almost inclined to say that Miss Johnston's
ing, for example, with deep and unflagging inter first book was her best, and that she has steadily
est, Mr. Francis Lynde's story of “The Grafters," declined ever since. Certainly her “ Prisoners of
a typical example of the kind of novel here consid-Hope" had real distinction of style and real fresh-
ered. It tells us how a young lawyer in a far ness of invention, and we doubt if she has quite
Western city attacked the intrenched forces of equalled either in her later books.
financial and political corruption, and routed them No season of American fiction would be complete
after a desperate and intensely exciting battle. without a romance of the Revolution ; for the pres-
They had planned to steal a railroad and give the ent season the want is supplied by Miss Mary C.
newly.discovered oil-fields of the state into the Francis. “Dalrymple" is the title of the book and
hands of a conscienceless monopoly. In assailing also the name of the hero. The period is between
these dragons of a very modern type, the hero dis the evacuation of New York by the Continental
played an energy and a resourcefulness that make forces and the evacuation of Philadelphia by the
the exploits of Siegfried seem but a tame achieve British. During most of this time the hero is an in-
ment. His final coup deserves admiration for its mate of the prison-ship “Jersey," and it was for the
ingenuity and effectiveness. The book is written special purpose of making her readers acquainted
in a nervous and phonographic dialect, without any with the horrors of that particular form of durance
style worth mentioning, but well suited to the re that the author wrote her book. In this matter she
quirements of the scenes and the situation. It is has relied chiefly on Dring's “ Recollections. The
rather too crowded with incident toward the close, heroine, as usual, meets with the determined oppo-
and rather too technical in its phraseology for the sition of the Tory uncle who has her in his charge,
average reader, but there is no denying the breath and is wooed in vain by a British officer. As usual,
lessness of the interest with which we approach the also, the hero and the British officer afterward meet
climax of its elaborate and skilfully-contrived plot. on the field of battle, and the latter is defeated in
A second book of this same general type is “ The order that his life may be magnanimously spared
Great Adventurer," by Mr. Robert Shackleton. by his victorious rival.
by his victorious rival. We should really feel de-
Here we have the story of a gigantic Trust and its frauded did not this situation occur at the proper
organizer. It is a bigger trust than any hitherto juncture. Miss Francis puts a good deal of reason-
created, a very trust of trusts in its far-reaching ably accurate history into her work, and her perform-
and comprehensive scope. After it has fastened ance is a fair average example of the class to which
its grip upon most of the industries of the nation it belongs.
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE.
and had its natural consequences of raised prices,
labor troubles, and general public anathematiza-
tion, its organizer comes to the conclusion that the
industrial stracture he has reared is a menace to
NOTES ON NEW NOVELS.
the country's safety, and sets about its disintegra-
tion in his habitual masterly way. The story is a
The hero of the Baroness von Hutten's latest novel,
“ Violett" (Houghton), is the son of a man executed for
dull one, on the whole, although it has a certain
the murder of the little girl whose kinsman, guardian,
share of ordinary human interests, including that and beir he was. As the child grows up he displays some-
of love, and although a gentleman burglar is found thing akin to genius as a musician. His first associations
among the characters, contributing a novel and are with a family of music hall performers, — father,
agreeable diversity.
mother, and daughter; his next with the musically edu-
Miss Mary Johnston's new book is a great dis-
cated and highly cultivated daughter of a neighboring
appointment. “Sir Mortimer" is called a novel
clergyman. The action of the book, it should be stated,
on the title-page, although this is a misuse of the
takes place on the English coast and in London. The
word, for the book is romance of the most evident boy, overshadowed by the horror of his father's fate,
kind. But that is a trifling criticism. Our disap- crime was committed, and this rejection breaks off the
naturally refuses to take the fortune for which the
pointment arises from the fact that this accom-
mercenary marriage with the daughter of the theatrical
plished writer seems to have forgotten how to tell family, who promptly marries within the profession.
a straightforward story in fitting language. In this The hero is taken up by a great master of the piano, a


1904.]
369
THE DIAL
man of genius rather than of character. The music Neville, that are altogether pleasing, and the tale
hall girl is maltreated by her husband, and Violett goes makes good and interesting reading.
back to her. The end is tragical. It may be seen “A Country Interlude” (Houghton) is Miss Hilde-
from this bald statement of the argument how much garde Hawthorne's tale of a world-weary girl who, with
opportunity is given the author for noting the interplay her mother, after many years of fashionable life seeks
of character coupled with environment, and probably refuge in their old home, far from city influences and
no higher praise can be accorded her work than to say life. At the time of her voluntary and most welcome
she has made all the resulting developments as con exile the girl is betrothed to a man of great estates, a
vincing as they are interesting.
charming fellow of the pleasure-loving class, a man of
After proving his knowledge of the life of the New affairs and not of sentiment. A neighbor who as a boy
England coast through a number of well written short was a pet of the mother's has grown to be a painter of
stories and a book of verse, Mr. Joseph C. Lincoln has marked skill and reputation in the intervening years,
now achieved an excellent piece of sustained fiction, and his friendship with the family is taken up again.
“ Cap'n Eri: A Story of the Coast” (Barnes). Three The girl being a lover of birds and flowers, of sim-
old fishermen, of that Yankee type which lends itself so plicity and sweetness, the inevitable happens as grace-
well to genre work of this sort, are keeping house with fully as needs be, the interval being filled in with a minor
out feminine assistance in a manner so wholly unsatis love story between the local clergyman and a fashion-
factory that in desperation they draw lots to see which able frivolous girl friend. The story, told throughout
one of them shall marry. The unfortunate one on whom in the almost obsolete form of letters to a friend, is
this duty devolves advertises, with the assistance of his idyllic and charming to a marked degree.
comrades, for a helpmate, and in response comes just Politics is the dominant note in Mr. Arthur Colton's
the sort of woman no one could have expected under “ Port Argent” (Holt), and something more than the
the circumstances, - a thrifty and capable widow from ordinary philosophy that characterizes reform literature
a seaport not far away. She reduces the domestic is to be found in the book. Mr. Colton places political
chaos to order, but, through an accident befalling a control of the Western city that lends its name to the
neighbor, is compelled to remain in the house without book in the hands of a young engineer, a man who is
any understanding from the shrinking swain who adver used to getting work out of men. He continues to get
tised. The comedy of this situation is abundantly re work for the public good out of his henchmen, working
lieved by a pretty, youthful love story, by the actuali with imperfect instruments toward a praiseworthy end.
ties of life in a small village by the sea, and by the But in the process he has to turn sharp corners with
unfailing good sense and good nature of “Cap'n Eri.” his conscience. Though of vital importance, the point
An unusual tale of mismating and unhappiness is made is one little considered, especially by such men
told by Miss Katherine Mackay in “The Stone of Des as are typified in this work in the person of a popular
tiny” (Harper), in which a man of aspirations both preacher-lecturer, unattached to any church but an
humane and artistic is wedded to a sensual woman ardent and uncompromising believer in ideals. There
whose sole interest lies in matters of the body rather are other elements besides politics in the book, including
than of the soul. The man feels the growing interval love as a matter of course, with the young engineer and
between them, and endeavors to bridge it over. The the lecturer as rivals for the hand of a girl steeped
wife makes no effort to restrain him at the end, though through comradeship with her father in the ideals of a
for a time the lures by which she had won him are passing generation of Americans.
tried until their inefficiency is demonstrated. The man's The reader of Miss Margery Williams's “ The Pride
mother is the best of the characters in the story, a of Youth” (Macmillan) will experience a real sense of
high born and highly bred woman whose understanding deprivation in that the promise of the opening scene,
with her son is perfect and whose influence is for good with its deliciously contrived situations and dialogue,
whenever it can be exerted. At the climax the wife, should not have been a better foretaste of the quality of
whose misfortune seems to be temperamental, falls in subsequent chapters. Yet, with this said, all the fault
love with another, but refuses his advances because of has been found that need be. A girl on the New Jersey
her feeling of motherhood ; and the book closes with the coast, living a life in which everything grates upon her
problem decided, seemingly, by the man's acceptance and tends to drive her to recklessness, meets a Phila-
of all the consequences of his own error. Though brief delphia newspaper man who is still in the "literary
the 'story has literary merit, and offers much food for stage of his journalistic development. Really incapa-
thought.
ble of comprehending one another, he with that vast
A straightforward historical romance constructed ignorance of womankind that makes judgment so easy,
out of unhackneyed materials will be found in Miss and she with ideals that she drives herself to conceal
Josephine Caroline Sawyer's “All's Fair in Love" only too effectually, they drift into what passes with
(Dodd, Mead & Co.). The time is that of James I. both for love, and he drifts out again, — all in the space
of Scotland, the scene for the most part the court of of a summer's vacation. The interplay of characters
the regent of the northern kingdom, the Duke of Al upon one another is most commendably brought out,
bany. The characters are all of noble blood. The son and constitutes the chief interest of a praiseworthy
of the Earl of Douglas and the exiled scion of the house book.
of Percy, Earl of Northumberland, are the joint heroes; Mr. David Graham Phillips's “The Cost” (Bobbs-
the daughter of the house of Neville, Earl of West Merrill Co.) is if anything a profounder analysis of hu-
moreland, and an untitled descendant of a Scottish king man motives and character than any of this writer's ear-
are the heroines. The book concerns itself first with lier books. John Dumont and Hampden Scarborough,
the fortune of one, then of the other pair, though all men of strong yet opposite characters, are in love with
four personages are intimately involved from the be Pauline Gardiner. Knowing her parents' well-founded
ginning. There is a flavor of high chivalry in the con objections to his suit, Dumont persuades her into
duct of Douglas, a sweet femininity about Eleanor a secret marriage. Not long after, she meets Scar-


370
[June 1,
THE DIAL
ness.
borough, and the two fall deeply in love. When the the girl and rends her. In the course of years the
two men take up the duties of life, Dämont finds his patient sufferer redeems herself in the eyes of the rest
abilities trend toward trust organization. Scarborough of her townsfolk, small-souled as most of them are.
develops power as a public speaker, and takes the side The situations in “ The Test” are powerful and con-
of the man against the dollar. Pauline is forced to trolled, and the book deserves well of those with a
leave her husband through the openness of his wrong taste for true literature.
doing, and he makes himself a mighty financial power Ranging from Nat Turner's negro revolt, through
in Wall Street. The scenes in which he is first over the entire course of the Civil War, Mr. George Morgan
thrown in the Stock Exchange and subsequently recoups has material enough for several volumes in “The Issue"
are among the most powerful in recent fiction, and with (Lippincott). His characters, so far as the imagina-
them may be nained another scene in which Scarbo tive portions of the story are concerned, are Southern
rough is nominated as governor in spite of moneyed men and women of wealth and station, while historical
opposition.
personages are freely drawn upon for vraisemblance.
Those familiar with Mr. Stewart Edward White's The chief heroine - one of several — is a young girl
“Conjuror's House” and “ The Forest” will find the left an orphan by Turner's massacres, adopted by a rich
same material used in them commingled in his latest planter, taken from him through a false assertion of
work, “ The Silent Places ” (McClure, Phillips & Co.). parentage by a kinsman’s machinations, encouraged in
The story has to do with the pursuit of an Indian who, Methodist exhorting, and at last becoming an army
having made default in bis debt to the Hudson Bay nurse. There is much fighting and some good descrip-
Company in the far North-West, flees into the wilder tions of battles, culminating at Gettysburg; much love
One of the two couriers sent to bring him back that fails to run smooth; and considerable authentic
to justice is a man old and wise; the other is in the history,- including two or three brief sketches of Lin-
prime of manly strength. Through the recklessness of coln, which are faithful, though not flattering.
the latter, a young Indian girl escapes from the alien Regret at the untimely taking off of Hugh Stowell
tribe into which she has been adopted, and takes up her Scott (Henry Seton Merriman) will be enhanced by
path with the two whites. By reason of this circum-
the perusal of a posthumous volume made up of short
stance an accident befalls the younger man, greatly stories. Not one of the nineteen tales contained in
delaying their search. The wonders of the northern “ Tomaso's Fortune, and Other Stories" (Scribner) fails
forests through all of the four seasons, as well as the to show the firm touch and literary quality with which
contrasts between youth and age, feminine devotion and this young man treated events that might otherwise
masculine power, the intelligence of the Caucasian and have been dismissed as sensational. All manner of men
the instinct of the Indian, are all finely drawn, while in all sorts of places during the last century enter into
the knowledge of nature informs every page.
these interesting pages, and with them women of nearly
As in her former books, Mrs. Lucy Meacham Thrus every rank in life. There is a manifest partiality for
ton makes the Old Dominion the scene of “ Where the the Latin countries and their peoples, often presented
Tide Comes In ” (Little, Brown, & Co.). Her hero in in contrast with English folk abroad, the racial dif-
this case is a man of fine Virginia traditions, but some ferences of temperament or the lack of it - being
wbat too preoccupied with his love for a charming girl contrasted with complete intelligence. The author's
to display these traditions in practical working for the standard of work in this volume is uniformly high,
benefit of his fellow-citizens. Most of the action con whether the medium be a novelette, a short story, or a
centrates itself about the girl he loves, who is the mere conte.
daughter of a gentleman truck farmer not far from Out of the plains come the materials utilized to
Baltimore, himself amassing wealth rapidly through his advantage by Mr. W. R. Ligbton in “Uncle Mac's
closeness to tide water and so to the New York market. Nebrasky" (Holt). It is of the old days when Nebraska
Some of the difficulties presented by the negro problem was much larger than it is now and was still a territory
appear in the book, as if to remind the North that its on the borders of civilization that Uncle Mac tells his
ignorance on specific points is profound. The sunni yarns, which have everything in them that we are accus-
ness and cheer of the South, as well as something of its tomed to regard as peculiarly Western. There is much
shiftlessness, show here and there, and the atmosphere humor of the broadest sort, and there are Indians galore,
is unquestionably fully localized. There are several
There are several | cattle thieves, marshals and sheriffs, adventures by flood
interpolated episodes not closely related to the rest and field, shooting and strategy, politics, tenderfeet, and
structurally, and at the close the hero redeems himself all the apparatus necessary to bring out the characteris-
by political activity.
tics of a typical frontier scene. Uncle Mac leaves the
A social rather than a racial problem forms the theme impression of being a good man to have on one's side in
of Mrs. Mary Tappan Wright's “ The Test” (Scribner), an emergency, with a certain feeling of thankfulness-
setting it far apart from its predecessor, “ Aliens." that he is permitted to pass his age under conditions
In this newer novel a young girl, affianced to an erratic less strenuous.
but lovable fellow, yields herself to his desires on A great variety of well handled material has gone
his plea that it will help him to walk the straighter into the making of “The Rainbow Chasers ” (Little,
by giving him a feeling of possession. This done, he Brown, & Co.), by Mr. John H. Whitson. Arkansas, a
drinks too much, falls under the temporary domination terra incognita to the American novelist, is the scene of
of a girl in a distant city who has always wished him the opening chapters. The hero falls into evil ways,
for her husband, and marries her. His father has served and flees from his home with the accusation of murder
as a senator of the United States, and has been utilizing upon him. He becomes a ranchman, and purges his
the girl's intelligent services in the care of his corre soul of its supposed guilt by long communings with
spondence and the preparation of a history of his times. nature. Later he leaves the employment he could not
He stands her friend when the trouble comes, while her like, falls into a particularly well described fight with
widowed mother, in outraged respectability, turns upon desperadoes, and begins his real career as a real estate


1904.]
371
THE DIAL
agent in a booming town near the frontier. Here he are the chief elements in the desultory narrative. There
works out his salvation with the assistance of an excel are reflections about many things, rambling disquisitions
lent girl whom he has saved from death in a blizzard. about nothing in particular, and some mild adventures
Like so many contemporary American novels, the book that take on flavor by contrast,— all going to make up
is valuable as a study of men and manners of a day a pleasant book.
already passing
The joy of young life and high spirits are always
That Russia stands so friendless before the civilized manifest in Miss Frances Aymar Mathews's work, and
world to-day is in great part due to the seventeenth “ Pamela Congreve" (Dodd, Mead & Co.) is no ex-
century methods used by her government in dealing ception. The time is that of the last quarter of the
with the Jewish inhabitants of the land. In “The eighteenth century, and the scene begins in rural En-
Fugitive” (Doubleday, Page & Co.) Mr. Ezra S. gland, transferring itself quickly to the London play-
Brudno, a Jewish lawyer of Cleveland, presents a houses, where the beautiful heroine scores a great success
minute description of the horrors of the Kishienev mas and is beloved of half the nobility -- half of its men,
sacre, in which the hero of his most unconventional that is. She returns with some condescension the affec-
story plays an active part in the futile attempts at pro tion of a duke, while a noble earl who has known her
tection made by his co-religionists. This hero is a previous to her triumph endeavors to force himself upon
Jewish student of theology, a mere child when his par her and, failing there, to carry her off by main force.
ents die as a result of Russian persecution. His career Sprightliness is the best word to apply to the narra-
is traced through successive stages in Russia and Po tive, with its social and histrionic plots and counterplots,
land, until he comes finally to the United States and and its wits and beaux, courtiers and belles, for char-
finds peace in the successful practice of medicine. It is acters.
not as a work of fiction, but rather as a vivid recital There is a suggestion of a better natured Sherlock
of cold facts, that the book makes its main appeal. Holmes back of the hero of Mr. van Tassel Sutphen's
Irish stories of unusual wortb, based upon the ancient “ The Gates of Chance” (Harper), with the further dif-
religion of the country, are set forth by Mr. Aldis Dun ference that he is a New York man of wealth, leisure,
bar in “ The Sons o' Cormac, an' Tales of other Men's unquenchable curiosity, and insatiable desire for ad-
Sons” (Longmans, Green, & Co.). A gardener from the venture. He early picks up the young newspaper wri-
“ould turf” is made to narrate them one by one, to the ter who tells the story as it discloses itself in a series
young sons of the house during their vacation, the me of seemingly unrelated episodes with eccentric, unfor-
dium being a rich and not always consistent brogue. tunate, and criminal men and women, as well as with
Not only is the resulting series of tales of the ancient those in more normal circumstances, the whole coördi-
and almost forgotten gods excellent reading at just this nating at the close into a little love affair with the usual
time when the Irish language and traditions are excit romantic conclusion. The book is wholly entertaining,
ing unusual attention, but they are worth knowing for and suggests a career for its author as a writer of thor-
their own sake as a permanent contribution to the best oughly modern American “ detective stories."
fairy stories of the ages, suggesting a wide and little So far as literary conventions permit, the author of
worked field. We earnestly wish for more of them in the anonymous novel, “J: In Which a Woman Tells
the near future from the same band, and it would be a the Truth about Herself” (Appleton), carries out the
favor to the elders of those to whom they are more espe assertion of the title. She discloses the feelings of
cially addressed if their sources could be disclosed, an ugly duckling changing into cygnethood as has sel-
assuming they are not purely Mr. Dunbar's inventions. dom been done before. Most of the subsequent detail
It is curious how America, the home of the story of of the story, however, is devoted to telling the truth
crime and mystery, has permitted the French and En about her husband and about the wealtby man who
glish to develop her own literary invention. But Mr. sought to tempt her, and they are painted in no pleas-
Melvin L. Severy, in “The Darrow Enigma” (Dodd, ant colors. When one recalls some of the greater books
Mead & Co.), has done an interesting thing in bringing in which men and women have revealed their hearts —
into abrupt contrast two men of the older and newer such books as those of Pepys and Rousseau and Marie
types, the Sherlock Holmes of the plot getting the better Bashkirtseff, — the real revelation of this newer tale
of its M. Dupin, who here becomes the villain. It might dwindles into insignificance, and most readers will be
rationally be objected that in the development of the disposed to resent the evident deception.
plot there is too much rambling over the earth's sur Mrs. Maud Wilder Goodwin's “ Four Roads to Para-
face, in an attempt to bring into the play of char dise (Century Co.) is a story of life in contem-
acters something of the quality of Wilkie Collins's porary New York, the scene shifting to Rome, and
“ The Moonstone," with its oriental possibilities. Yet, thence back to the United States. The title of the
in spite of its derivational character, the “mystery book is based upon a quotation from the Talmud,
remains a real one until near the end, — which after all used as a prologue: “Four men entered Paradise; one
is the essential thing.
beheld and died, one lost his senses, one destroyed the
Gardening and urban rusticity, now so popular; love, young plants, one only entered in peace." A young
which is always popular; and ease of living, the great widow, come in possession of a great fortune by her bus-
desideratum of most of mankind: these are the factors band's will, most of which will go to his blood kin in
that act and react through Mr. Halliwell Sutcliffe's the event of her second marriage, is the principal fig-
« A Bachelor in Arcady" (Crowell), leaving an impres ure in the series of romances that make up the book.
sion so pleasant that one wonders that Mr. Sutcliffe has A young and spiritually ambitious clergyman of the
not tried something of the sort before. Rural England, English church holds the attention at first, but after he
a young land-owner who likes to putter around his gar reads a letter entrusted to him by a dying woman for
den, his father's friend the squire, the squire's daugh- delivery to the widow, with whom he thinks himself in
ter, playmate of his youth, and the worthy couple that love, Mrs. Goodwin very properly degrades him from
do the bachelor's housekeeping and gardening for him, his heroship. The book is one of merit.
9


372
[June 1,
THE DIAL
Mr. Herbert Quick's aptly named book, “ Aladdin manner is unobtrusively psychological throughout, and
& Co.” (Holt), is the real romance of a firm of young her book has much of the peculiar excellence of Mr.
men who undertake the booming of the city of Latti Kenneth Grabame's work in the same field.
more, in the middle West, the period being some fifteen The title-story in Mr. Charles Bloomingdale's “The
years ago. The partner who tells the story marries Failure” (Lippincott) is a bit of twentieth century
early in the narrative, and the thread of love that runs fatalism, the hero having every characteristic that
through the commercial and financial transactions there should make for temporal success and with the power
after appertains to his old scboolmate and business asso to enforce it. As a lad, in college, and in business, he
ciate. At the close of a period of remarkable growth comes close to attainment, but without gaining the
and development, the hard times intervene to spoil the crown of actual achievement. Unfortunately for the
partners' best laid plans,— but not until they have ex purpose of the tale, the author's heart seems to have
hausted all the possibilities in seeking to avoid the crash. failed him at the close, and he gives his hero success in
A run on a locomotive made against time during the the love of a girl who, in similar case, had not before
crisis forms a thrilling incident.
made the most of her own life. “The Failure" occu-
In all of the fourteen stories that make up the con pies about two-thirds of the volume; the five remaining
tents of Miss Frances Aymar Mathews's new volume, stories are little more than sketches, journalistic rather
"A Little Tragedy at Tien-Tsin" (Robert Grier Cooke), than literary in treatment.
there is a reaching out for the unusual and extraordinary “ The Micmac" (Holt) is a well developed bit of
that lends an aspect of originality to the entire book. social drama, written by Mr. S. Carleton.
All the ac-
Several of the stories, being those in the place of honor tion takes place in the Maine woods, where a young
at the beginning of the book, have to do with Chinese New York man of great wealth has spent his summers
life as affected by intercourse with Caucasians, and the since boyhood. He has fancied himself in love with a
strength and weakness of both races are presented im young widow, but when she comes upon him under con-
partially. From these Chinese stories there is rather an ditions wholly lacking in artificiality his liking turns to
abrupt departure to tales of rural Canada and America, distaste, though in a moment of physical proximity he
and to others of an historical nature. Great versatility makes her an offer of marriage. Later he chances upon
and marked talent characterize the volume as a whole. the daughter of a neighboring farmer, and nature
Short stories, most of them drawn from business life, strikes a spark between the two at first sight. In the
make up Mr. Robert Barr's volume called “The Woman serious comedy that ensues, a large swamp intervening
Wins” (Stokes). The title is a shrewd one, founded between the young man's habitat and that of his lover
on the fact that though all the woman wins in every case plays an important part. The book as a whole displays
is a mere man, at some stage in the proceedings she considerable talent.
evinces a distinct purpose not to let him get away. It A party of young men sail down the Mississippi from
is with telegraph operators that Mr. Barr concerns him some point not far from Marietta on the Ohio River, and
self chiefly, a worthy body of men and women who have the account of their journey to New Orleans is pre-
received little previous attention from writers of fiction. sented in “The Ark of 1803” (Barnes), by Mr. C. N.
Lawyers come in also, one painter, a writer of tales, Stephens. It is in time for the hoisting of the stars
some stock speculators, an automobile manufacturer, and stripes over the newly acquired Louisiana Pur-
and an engineer; while the scenes vary from Chicago chase that the young fellows arrive in New Orleans.
to New York, rural England, London, and even Cairo. They have many exciting adventures on the way, and
There is a great deal accomplished in almost every prove themselves good frontiersmen by slaying Indians
story, and every one of them is well put together and in open fight during their journey. The book is writ-
smoothly written.
ten for boys rather than for adults, and is notably free
That familiarity with life in both America and En from love-making and giving in marriage.
gland is not as rare to-day as it was a brief generation Miss Clara Morris's latest novel has little in it to
ago is proved anew in Mr. William H. Rideing's “ How remind one of her former literary work, though it
Tyson Came Home" (John Lane). Tyson is English would not be difficult to trace analogies between her
born but bred in the far West, where he has stumbled art as here displayed and the spirit that has animated
upon a mine that makes him rich. He returns to the her successes on the stage. « Left in Charge” (Dil-
native land he has been idealizing through the years of lingham) is a harrowing tale of farm life in Illinois
exile, and there his ideals are cruelly sbattered. The before the war, in which a woman betrayed into a
close of the book is not entirely conclusive, but several bigamous marriage in Canada comes with her little
of the characters, notably the English girl and the child to her sister's house, finds herself cheated out of
Western girl who play so large a part in Tyson's devel her patrimony by her kinsfolk, and is forced to do the
opment, are clearly and admirably drawn. It is not a most servile labor in return for her sustenance, in spite
pleasant picture that Mr. Rideing draws of aristocratic of the rapidly growing wealth of the family. The
society in Britain, though his animadversions are evi moral issue is distinctly complicated by the avaricious
dently well-founded.
sister's illness, and nothing whatever comes of the stolen
A little city in the West, settled by Easterners, is the inheritance of the heroine, bowever much insisted upon
scene of Mrs. Sara Andrew Shafer's “ The Day before at certain stages in the narrative.
Yesterday" (Macmillan). The book is concerned with “ The Wood-carver of 'Lympus” (Little, Brown, &
the life of a little girl, who has her share of the strange Co.) is a Vermont story by Mrs. M. E. Waller, far out-
joys that fall to childhood, and even more than her side the common run of fiction. A powerful young
share of kinsfolk to complicate and mystify her rela farmer in the Green Mountains, ambitious for an edu-
tions to the universe. The word idyllic may best be cation, is stricken by a tree be is felling and doomed
used to characterize the story, though there is a deter thereafter to a bedridden life, his legs being quite im-
mination of character on the part of the small protago potent. A chance-comer, a rich young New York man
nist that could scarcely be termed idyllic. Mrs. Shafer's of affairs, interests himself in the cripple, and puts him


1904.]
373
THE DIAL
a rural home.
“ return
in the way of learning to carve in wood and of market-
ing his work. Interwoven with this are the threads
of several other lives, all making it possible for the
stricken young man to have his share of the great
world's interests and beauties.
The Germans of Pennsylvania, commonly called the
“ Dutch,” have appeared but seldom in American fic-
tion, though they have preserved through many gener-
ations of life in the new world the habits and customs
of the fatherland, and have invented a quaint jargon
out of the vocabulary and idioms of both English and
German which deserves the attention of writers of
dialect. Miss Helen R. Martin has made good use of
this dialect, and of the hypertrophied thrift and reli-
gious eccentricity of the people, in “ Tillie: A Mennon-
ite Maid” (Century Co.). The story is excellent in
its delineation of the high aspirations of the heroine,
who makes her first appearance as a poorly clad and
rudely spoken daughter of the people, the ideals of life
waking in her through the kindly ministrations of her
teacher, a Kentucky gentlewoman.
An authorized translation has been made by Sukae
Shioya and Mr. E. F. Edgett of “Nami-ko" (H. B.
Turner & Co.), the best of the novels of Kenjiro
Tokutomi, himself one of the best-known of modern
Japanese novelists. In spite of certain idiomatic diva-
gations, the result is most interesting. The work is
avowedly of the realistic school, and except for certain
European suggestions of manner the theme is typically
exotic, having to do with the intention of the mother of
a young naval officer to put away his recently married
wife, solely because she has become a consumptive.
There is a tragic note throughout, but the story is told
with much tenderness of feeling.
Murder and sudden death stalk through the pages
“ A Broken Rosary” (John Lane), the work of Mr.
Edward Peple. An evil woman, an unscrupulous physi-
cian, a hasty slayer of his friend turned priest, and
one or two others of less consequence, contrive to keep
the short narrative filled with all sorts of things, the
time being that of the reign of Louis XV. of France.
There is, in fact, so much action that Mr. Peple has no
time to devote to graces of diction, but hurries his
readers breathlessly through episode after episode to a
problem left unsolved at the close.
« The Gordon Elopement” (Doubleday, Page & Co.)
is the result of collaboration between Miss Carolyn
Wells and Mr. Harry P. Taber. The plot is slight, the
“ elopement” being that of a husband and wife who,
weary of keeping house and of being hospitable, flee to
a hotel otherwise deserted though in complete running
order. There they are joined by several others, one
pair of whom fall duly in love, and there they all have
a jolly good time, in which the reader cannot fail to
participate. The characters and situations throughout
have a pronounced Stocktonian flavor.
So simply and convincingly does Mr. A. F. P. Har-
court tell part of the story of the Sepoy rebellion in
“ The Peril of the Sword " (H. M. Caldwell Co.), that
it is almost impossible to believe it is not a recital of
personal experiences. The defense of the Residency at
Lucknow is the episode about which most of the occur-
rences of the book revolve, the bravery and hardships
of the little garrison being detailed with sympathetic
fidelity. Pen pictures are given of Havelock, Outram,
Campbell, and many minor figures. There is a slight
love story running through the work, but the main in-
terest is historical.
of
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS FOR
SUMMER READING.
Gardening for pleasure is a well-
The making of threshed topic, but it is something of
a novelty to come upon a book that
not only discusses the subject of farming from the
standpoint of financial profit, but asserts the social
and ethical value of agricultural life. Such a book
is Mr. Arthur Henry's “ The House in the Woods"
(Barnes), in which are presented the same charac-
ters that made their appearance in his first book,
« An Island Cabin.” These three young people,
weary of city life and
ways, resolve
upon a
to Nature.” During a vacation trip to the Catskills
they chance upon an admirable location, in the midst
of beautiful scenery and a population near enough
to be available and yet not imminent enough to be
obtrusive. The two protagonists purchase the land,
and partially erect a modest house thereupon. It
then becomes necessary to retire to the city to earn
more money. After a long period of patient and
successful labor, they return with sufficient means
to go to work in earnest. The house is completed,
barns and stables are added, more land is acquired
and placed under cultivation, various live stock is
bought and installed, and the money laid out so well
that in the end the hard-working pair find them-
selves in possession of a competency for life. The
various details of how all this is accomplished go to
make up an interesting story; and though Mr.
Henry's philosophy is occasionally a little trite, the
book has a flavor and merit quite its own.
The volume on “ Musk-Ox, Bison,
A sportsman's
book of
Sheep, and Goat," in the “American
Big Game.
Sportsman's Library” (Macmillan),
maintains the high literary standard set in the
earlier volumes of the series. Mr. Caspar Whitney
writes entertainingly of his experiences in a winter
trip to the “ Barren Grounds ” of Canada in pur-
suit of the musk-ox. These harmless, stupid crea-
tures fall an easy prey to the hunter who has the
hardihood to brave the dangers and take the risks
of a winter journey over the treeless plains of the
frozen north. The sport lies in reaching rather than
securing the quarry. The chapters on the mountain
goat and big-horn sheep are by Mr. Owen Wister,
who writes with his usual dash and freedom of his
own hunting days in the Teton range. There is a
note of sadness in Mr. George Bird Grinnell's ac-
count of the bison, now extinct save for a few sur-
vivors in the National Park and some wood bison
reputed to be in hiding in the remote confines of
Athabasca. The almost complete extermination of
this monarch of the plains within the memory of
living sportsmen is a prophecy of the speedy fate
that awaits all of the larger animals of our plains
and forests unless legal protection is not only af-
forded but enforced against both local and foreign
vandals. National parks and forest reserves when
honestly and efficiently guarded may preserve a


374
[June 1,
THE DIAL
How to know
few representatives for the pleasure and instruc may be examined with the microscope without the
tion of future generations ; but the most efficient elaborate, expensive, and tedious processes of the
safeguard would be a widespread public sentiment modern biological laboratory. The book is there-
against the wanton and useless killing of these ani fore written entirely for popular use from the
mals, who have no chance against the resources and point of view of the amateur, and is in no sense a
equipment of the modern big-game hunter.
scientific treatise. The chapters of the book are
reprinted from various popular magazines of Great
Believing that there is need for a
Britain, but the work is not in consequence of mere
book about butterflies that shall oc-
the Butterflies.
local interest, for the objects dealt with, or others
cupy a place midway between the
similar to them, are of world-wide distribution.
large scientific treatises and the smaller popular
The reader is instructed in the anatomy of stems
manuals, Prof. John Henry Comstock and Mrs.
and leaves of plants, introduced to the beginnings
Anna Botsford Comstock, of Cornell University, of plant life, the structure of sea-weeds, and to the
bave prepared a volume entitled “How to Know
animal forms often regarded by the uninitiated as
the Butterflies” (Appleton), the particular design sea-weeds. The eggs of insects, the biting or suck-
of which is to provide an accurate yet not unduly ing mouth parts which afford them weapons, the
technical aid to those who are taking up for the
marvellous ribbons of teeth from snails, and the
first time the fascinating study of these “ frail chil-
larva and imago forms of aquatic insects are all
dren of the air.” The authors have restricted their
well illustrated.
field to the Eastern United States, but as the spe-
cies described are of widespread distribution the
Since the first publication, some
An experiment
in personal
book will serve its purpose in almost any section of
fifteen years ago, of Mr. Philip G.
emancipation.
the country. The first part consists of a general
Hubert's “ Liberty and a Living,”
account of the butterfly, — its relations to other
the conditions deplored by the author at that time
insects, its structure, clothing, metamorphoses, and
as tending to a perversion and waste of human life
ways of life. Then follows a complete scientific
have increased many fold. Never before did we
classification of the various species, with descrip-
pay so high a price for the money we earn, our
tions concise in form yet full enough to enable the
cities were never so overcrowded, our commercial
collector to identify his specimens with some degree activity has reached the status of a mania, and our
of certitude. A separate section is devoted to the
national strenuousness in all directions has passed
skippers, which, though commonly classed with the
into a proverb. The new edition of Mr. Hubert's
butterflies, the authors believe constitute a distinct
book now published (Patnam) has therefore a
superfamily. An important feature of the volume
decided pertinence and timeliness, and its moral
lies in its series of forty-five plates, made from life
takes on a new emphasis in the light of present
by the three-color process. Though it would be
conditions. For those not acquainted with the book,
it should be said that it is the work of a man who
impossible to do justice by mechanical means of
reproduction to the beauties of the butterfly,-
decides to discover whether existence is not pos-
sible under more rational and congenial terms than
“The velvet nap which on his wings doth lie,
The silken down with which his back is dight,
are exigent in the life of a newspaper back in New
His broad outstretched horns, bis hairy thighs, York. With his family he takes up a small country
His glistening colors and his glorious eyes,"
homestead on the New Jersey coast, and there con-
these attempts are at least successful enough to trives, by gardening, fishing, bee-keeping, and other
form a valuable aid to identification. A number rural occupations, eked out with the modest earn-
of quotations from the poets relating to butterflies ings of his pen, to secure a due share of those things
are scattered throughout the book, pleasantly diver that make life really worth the living. His enter-
sifying its pages.
taining account of how this was accomplished is not
The improvement in the optical and
offered with the desire of gaining imitators, but
Nature-study with mechanical parts of the compound
merely as embodying some useful suggestions for
the microscope.
microscope in recent years, and the
those who would like to exchange the low ceiling of
perfection of micro-photography, have brought the city for the sky of the country without thereby
within the reach of the amateur student of the subjecting themselves to physical or moral starva-
minute things in nature a new world of wonders.
tion. It is a worthy practical accompaniment to
One of these amateur naturalists, Mr. J. J. Ward,
the eloquent theory of M. Wagner's book on “ The
of the Birmingham Microscopists' Union, has util- Simple Life.”
ized a series of excellent micro-photographs of ob-
The witchery of golf appears to full
jects ordinarily examined by beginners in micro-
The royal game
advantage in Mrs. Charles T. Stout's
scopy, for the illustrations in his book on “Minute
volume on “Golf for Women"(Baker
Marvels of Nature" (Crowell). This is in no sense & Taylor Co.). The author, better known by her
a text-book or manual of microscopy after the man unmarried name of Miss Genevieve Hecker, was the
ner of the encyclopædic works of Pritchard and champion player among American women from 1901
Carpenter, but rather a brief popular description to 1903, and she has worked out the theory of the
in untechnical language of such simple objects as game with scientific precision from a practice that
for women.


1904 ]
375
THE DIAL
A tree book
seems to leave little to be desired. As a result she of the development of American yachting, from the
particularizes to an extent that supplies the veriest first definite records early in the last century to
novice with a fund of information of the first value. the present period of indisputable supremacy. The
Preliminary chapters on the implements of the game contests for the “ America ” cup of course form the
are followed by minute instructions for their discrim main thread around which Mr. Stephens's narra-
inating use. Attitudes and the manner of holding tive is closely woven. The account is one of great
the hands and swinging the clubs are not only de interest, and Americans may well take pride in its
scribed, but Mrs. Stout has been photographed and perusal.
the photographs reproduced in her book in order to
leave nothing in doubt. It may be said that in spite
of the contortions seemingly essential to champion
NOTES.
form, these pictures add greatly to the æsthetics of
& game too predominantly Scotch to have in it A one-volume popular edition of the poems of Edward
much of beauty. In spite of its inclusive and en-
Rowland Sill is announced by Messrs. Houghton, Miff-
lin & Co.
cyclopædic character the book lacks an index, which
should be supplied in subsequent editions. By way
• Japan, by the Japanese " is the title of a book to be
of offset to this deficiency, there is added a chapter
issued shortly by Messrs. Dodd, Mead & Co., in which
various phases of Japanese life are discussed by the most
of “Impressions of American Golf” by Miss Rhona
eminent Japanese authorities.
K. Adair, who has been three years the English and
“ An Elementary American History," by Mr. D. H.
five
years the Irish Open Champion among women.
Montgomery, is published by Messrs. Ginn & Co. It
She has many pleasant things to say about America, is a good book, born of much experience in the writing
and is evidently enjoying everything in her visit to of school texts, and may be confidently recommended.
this country-with the exception of the recalcitrant
Miss Margaret E. Noble, who for a long time lived
and contumacious American caddy.
in the Hindu Quarter of Calcutta, has written a vol-
ume of observations of life in India, to be published by
“Getting Acquainted with the Trees," Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. under the title “The Web
by Mr. J. Horace McFarland, is a of Indian Life.”
for beginners.
book calculated rather to open the
“ Venice," by Herr Gustav Pauli, is the second
eyes, quicken the appreciation, and awaken the monograph in the series of “ Famous Art Cities " im-
curiosity of its readers, than to furnish them with ported by the Messrs. Scribner. The translation is by
scientific information of a systematic and exhaustive
Mr. P. G. Konody, and the illustrations are both numer-
ous and pleasing.
variety. It consists of eight informal essays deal-
A collection of “ The World's Great Orations," edited
ing with a few of our commonest native tree fam
by Mr. Sherwin Cody, will be published at once by
ilies. These are intended, so the author tells us, to
Messrs. A. C. McClurg & Co., who will also shortly add
be "punctuated with tree walks," and they will cer-
a volume of “Sermonettes” by Lamenpais to their
tainly add interest to such walks, particularly those beautiful little series of “ Helpful Thoughts."
of the spring and early summer, when the trees are Volumes V. to VIII. of Mrs. Paget Toynbee's edi-
in their too often unregarded blossoming. Mr. Mc tion of the Letters of Horace Walpole are to be pub-
Farland modestly asserts that he is only “a plain lished this month. These volumes include 819 letters,
tree-lover”; be writes of what he has seen and en written between November, 1760, and May, 1774, and
joyed, and when occasionally he mentions some-
sixteen illustrations in photogravure, four being por-
thing that does not lie within his personal knowledge
traits of Horace Walpole himself.
he advises his readers to investigate it for them-
Four more volumes of the “Mermaid” books, in their
selves. His method will appeal to beginners in tree-
tasteful new form, are imported by the Messrs. Scrib-
They comprise two volumes of Beaumont and
study, and encourage many who have been repelled
Fletcher, edited by Mr. J. St. Loe Strachey; Dekker,
by its difficulties. Mr. McFarland is an expert edited by Mr. Ernest Rhys; and “Nero and Other
photographer, and has furnished his book with many Plays,” six works edited by various hands.
artistic and interesting illustrations. (Outlook Co.) The 1904 edition of “The Complete Pocket-Guide
to Europe" comes to us from Mr. William R. Jenkins.
A record
It is gratifying to note that the
This multum in parvo of a guide-book has been before the
of yachting
“American Sportsman's Library” public for many years, and its usefulness is approved.
in America.
(Macmillan) is not to be given up The fact may be forgotten that it was originally planned
wholly to an exposition of ways and means for by a poet and a physician – Messrs. Ē. C. Stedman
taking life, but that American sport in its more
and T. L. Stedman, — whose names still adorn the title-
manly and less sanguinary aspects is to be afforded page.
some recognition. The first volume in this new
The library edition of Tourguénieff now being pub-
section of the enterprise is Mr. W. P. Stephens's
lished by the Messrs. Scribner, having completed the
longer works, now enters upon the short stories, of which
“ American Yachting.” The book is not, as might
there are to be no less than seven volumes. The two
be expected, a hand-book of practical information
now published (X. and XI.) contain five stories each,
for the yachtsman; nor does it have much to say
among which are “The Jew,” “Mumu," ”« Three Por-
of the pleasures and benefit to be derived from
traits,” and “The Diary of a Superfluous Man.” The
this form of sport. It is rather an historical account translation is by Miss Hapgood.
ner.


376
[June 1,
THE DIAL
Mr. Robert Bridges is responsible for “The Roose-
velt Book" of Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons. This
ONE HUNDRED BOOKS FOR SUMMER
is a small volume of selections from Mr. Roosevelt's
READING.
various writings, and contains many precepts which no
A SELECT LIST OF SOME RECENT PUBLICATIONS.
less a personage than the President of the United States
[Fuller descriptions of all of these books may be
would do well to take into prayerful consideration. found in the advertising pages of this number or of
“ Australia, Our Colonies, and Other Islands of the recent numbers of THE DIAL.]
Sea," by Mr. Frank G. Carpenter, is published by the
American Book Co. as a new volume in the series of
FICTION.
“Carpenter's Geographical Readers.” The same pub Adams, Andy. "A Texas Matchmaker.” Houghton, Mimin
lishers send us a volume of " Lives and Stories Worth & Co. $1.50.
Reinembering,” compiled for school use by Miss Grace
Atherton, Gertrude. “Rulers of Kings." Harper & Brothers.
$1,50.
H. Kupfer.
Bagot, Richard. “Love's Proxy." Longmans, Green, & Co.
A new edition of John Fiske's “Civil Government $1.50.
in the United States," that best of elementary text Barry, William. “The Dayspring.” Dodd, Mead & Co.
books upon this subject, comes to us from Messrs.
$1.50.
Houghton, Mifflin & Co. It has been revised by Mr.
Brown, Alice. “High Noon." Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50.
D. S. Sanford, who has made some important additions
Brudno, Ezra S. “The Fugitive." Doubleday, Page & Co.
$1.50
to the text, notably in the chapter devoted to municipal Carling, John R. “The Viking's Skull.” Little, Brown, &
government.
Co. $1.50.
"The Transgression of Andrew
Three volumes of “ Pioneer History Stories,” by Dr. | Carryalne Guy Wetmore:
Vane." Henry Holt & Co. $1.50.
Charles A. McMurry, are published for use as school Chambers, Robert W. " In Search of the Unknown." Har-
readers by the Macmillan Co. “ Land and Sea," “ The per & Brothers. $1.50.
Rocky Mountains and the West,” and “The Mississippi Chesterton, Gilbert K. “The Napoleon of Notting Hill."
Valley," are their respective subjects. The style of the
John Lane. $1,50.
books is simple and pleasing, and there are real illus-
Cleveland, Treadwell W., Jr. “A Night with Alessandro."
Henry Holt & Co. $1.25.
trations in abundance -- not imaginary pictures.
Colton, Arthur. “Port Argent." Henry Holt & Co. $1.50.
A very timely book, by an author of authority, is Connolly, James B. “The Seiners." Charles Scribner's
Sons. $1.50.
“ America, Asia and the Pacific,” with special reference
Cotes, Mrs. Everard. “The Imperialist.” D. Appleton &
to the Russo-Japanese war, by Dr. Wolf von Schier-
Co. $1.50.
brand, which Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. are hurrying Craigie, Mrs. (John Oliver Hobbes). "The Vineyard." D.
through the press. Dr. von Schierbrand is already Appleton & Co. $1.50.
very favorably known as the author of “Russia : Her Crockett, S. R. “Strong Mac." Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
Strength and Weakness," and "Germany To-day.” Cutting, Mary Stewart. “Heart of Lynn." J. B. Lippin-
cott Co. $1.25.
Many readers forego the charms of Horace Wal-
Daskam, Josephine. “Memoirs of a Baby." Harper &
pole's correspondence because the mass of it is so great Brothers. $1.50.
as to seem formidable. Such readers may be tempted by Dupn, Waldo H. “The Vanished Empire.” Robert Clarke
the small volume of “ Letters of Horace Walpole " just
Co. $1.50.
Eckstorm, Fannie H. "The Penobscot Man." Houghton,
published in the “Caxton ” thin paper series, and im-
Mifflin & Co. $1.25.
ported by the Messrs. Scribner. The selection and Francis, Mary C. “Dalrymple," James Pott & Co. $1.50.
editing are done by Mr. C. B. Lucas, who gives us the Fraser, W. A. “ Brave Hearts." Charles Scribner's Sons.
epistolary cream of many volumes in one small book. $1.50.
Freeman, Mary E. Wilkins. "The Givers." Harper &
A poem of some two score stanzas by Mr. Bliss Car-
Brothers. $1.25.
man, entitled “ The Word at St. Kavin’s,” has been pro Garland, Hamlin. “Light of the Star." Harper &
duced in an edition of three hundred copies at the
Brothers. $1.50.
Monadnock Press for the Scott-Thaw Co. The text is
Glasgow, Ellen. "The Deliverance." Doubleday, Page &
Co. $1.50.
printed from old-style type on hand-made paper, with
Hawthorne, Hildegarde. “A Country Interlude.” Hough-
rubricated initials, and a frontispiece and title-page bor ton, Mifflin & Co. $1.25.
der engraved on wood by Mr. Thomas Maitland Cleland, Hawtrey, Valentina. “ Perronelle." John Lane. $1.50.
forming altogether a pleasing and distinctive piece of Hemstreet, Charles. “Flower of the Fort." James Pott &
Co. $1.25.
bookmaking. The poem itself is a plea for simpler and
Hutten, Baroness von. “ Violett." Houghton, Mifflin &
saner ideals of living, a creed that Mr. Carman preaches
Co. $1.50.
at all times with logic and eloquence.
*Jessica Letters, The: An Editor's Romance." G. P. Pat-
A batch of new publications from the Field Columbian
nam's Sons. $1.10 net.
Museum has just been received by us, and are devoted,
Johnston, Mary. “Sir Mortimer.” Harper & Brothers.
$1.50.
for the most part, to the Indian subjects of which
Lanier, Henry W. "The Romance of Piscator." Henry
the Museum has always made a specialty. The most Holt & Co. $1.25.
voluminous of these publications are the collection of Lighton, Wm. R. “Uncle Mac's Nebrasky.” Henry Holt
“ Traditions of the Arapaho," made by Messrs. George
& Co. $1.25.
A. Dorsey and Alfred L. Krober; and “ The Oraibi
Lincoln, Joseph C. “Cap'n Eri.” A. S. Barnes & Co.
$1.50.
Summer Snake Ceremony,” a monograph by Mr. H. R.
McCutcheon, George B. “The Day of the Dog." Dodd,
Voth. A supplementary study, also by Mr. Voth, is Mead & Co. $1.50.
given to “The Oraibi Váqöl Ceremony." Mr. Dor Mann, Horace. “The World-Destroyer." Lucas-Lincoln
sey writes a smaller volume on ~ Traditions of the
Co. $1.
Osage.” Catalogues of Californian mammals and of
Mathews, Frances Aymar. "A Little Tragedy at Tien-
Tsin." Robert Grier Cooke. $1,50.
the Compositæ of Yucatan are other publications of Mathews, Frances Aymar. “Pamela Congreve.” Dodd,
this institution.
Mead & Co. $1.50.


THE DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
ENTERLD AT THE CHICAGO POSTOFFICE AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER
PAGE
.
said with an air of importance. But the distin
No. 43.2.
JUNE 16, 1904. Vol. XXXVI. guished guest somehow was not impressed as he
was expected to be, a fact afterwards accounted
CONTENTS.
for by one of his suite, who slily remarked that
his master when at home was accustomed to
THE WISCONSIN JUBILEE
387
dine in a hall of which the furnishings were
upwards of a thousand years old.
BYRON IN DEFINITIVE FORM. Melville B.
Anderson
389
It is a very modest antiquity that is connoted
by the term of a quarter-century, but some-
A COMPOSITE HISTORY OF THE REFORMA-
times it is the best that we can do. Here in
TION. E. D. Adams
390
Chicago we can now and then “point with
SOME RECENT RAILWAY LITERATURE. John
pride" to some object or institution that ante-
J. Halsey
391
dates the Great Fire and that means a full
Johnson's American Railway Transportation.
Pratt's American Railways. -- Meyer's Railway
generation past, but any European can hum-
Legislation in the United States.
ble us to the dust by a casual observation.
The older sections of the country can do better
THE LAIRD OF LITTLEGRANGE. W. R.
than we, and when their commemorations of
Browne
393
past occurrences have a national character we
SOME NEW THEORIES OF THE EARTH.
may lay some sort of claim to a share of the
H. Foster Bain
395
glory. In these matters, we are already on the
BOOKS ON MUSIC AND MUSICIANS. Ingram A. eve of a long series of tercentenaries, and we
Pyle
· 396 doubt not that, when the time comes, the Da-
Elson's History of American Music. Huneker's kotas will be found taking a lively retrospective
Overtones. -- Matthay's The Act of Touch. -- Miss
Newmarch's Henry J. Wood. – Hadden's Chopin.-
interest in the settlement of Jamestown, and
Williams's The Story of the Organ.
Oregon will share with Massachusetts in glori-
fying the voyage of the Mayflower. We have
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
398
the right feeling about anniversaries, anyway,
Illustrations of Shakespeare criticism. -- A book for
the shut-in. — The history of twenty-five years in
and it would be a cruel critic who should have
England. -- Essays, religious and literary. --Stand-
the heart to scorn our well-meant endeavor to
ards of English pronunciation. - Letters of a bril annex as much of the past as we may, and to
liant Englishman. --- Annals of an American sea brighten our young lives with the dim reflected
captain. - Laws older than Moses. — The history
splendors of the bygone ages.
and nature of Trusts. Chronicles of an old New
England church parish. — The founder of the
These remarks have been suggested to us by
“poor colony” of Georgia. — The problems and last week's celebration at the University of
methods of industrial peace. - London life in olden Wisconsin. It was only a jubilee — a poor
time.
period of fifty years - that was celebrated,
NOTES
403 and to reckon the exact term of half a century
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
405
required some ingenuity. The history of the
university began with that of the State in
1848; its fiftieth commencement was held a
year ago, and the celebration of the present
THE WISCONSIN JUBILEE.
year is the fiftieth anniversary of that event.
The story is told of an estimable lady in one Bat there was a new president to be installed,
of our Western cities that upon a certain occa and the proper year of jubilee had gone by
sion when she was entertaining a German per- without special observation, and it would not
sopage of ancient and aristocratic lineage, she become us to carp at the slight chronological
sought to impress him with the antiquity of her | irregularity of the recent doings. We are
household belongings. “All the furniture in
“ All the furniture in glad that the University of Wisconsin had
this dining-room ja twenty-five years old,” she ifty years (or more) to celebrate, and that the


385
[June 16,
THE DIAL
occasion was taken to emphasize its past history wisdom of the serpent, yet has not failed in
and splendid growth. Did we not rejoice when its respect for strictly academic ideals. To the
our own University of Chicago ended its first Wisconsin farmer it is an institution that is
decade and celebrated its little ten-year term worth supporting because it pays, distinctly
with a big demonstration ? And shall we not and directly; to the country at large it is an
also rejoice in the balf-centary of the neighbor- institution which honors scholarship and helps
institution, the pride of the State with which the higher interests of civilization.
our own fortunes came once so near to being The celebration of last week went off with
joined ?
the usual accompaniments of such functions,
The University of Wisconsin, without years and some unusual ones determined by the ex-
approaching those of Bologna or Heidelberg, ceptionally beautiful situation of the university
or even those of the three American institu. buildings. The new president was duly in-
tions wbich have celebrated long-term histories stalled in the office which he has already oc-
- sesquicentennial, bicentennial, or quarter- cupied for some time, and the distinguished
millennial, — during the past two decades, has guests of the occasion were properly compli-
probably meant as much for the lives of the mentary to the great institution of which he is
young men and women whom it has touched the head. His own words were of a nature to
since its founding as any older university has reveal him as a man of broad views, and of
meant for its students and alumni during the ambitious ideals for the future of the Univer-
same period. It has reached out to the re sity. And surely a glowing forecast is permissi-
motest corners of a great commonwealth, dis ble in the case of an institution which numbers
covered here and there the exceptional youth, its students by thousands, which now has hun-
held him for four years under its shaping dreds of graduates every year instead of the
influence, and sent him back to his special two who were graduated at the commence-
community with broadened outlook, higher ment of fifty years ago, and which has set
ideals, and finer purposes than he had when so distinguishing a mark upon the character
he left home. A glance over the list of grad. of the commonwealth which is honored by its
uates for any two or three recent years will presence.
show better than verbal argument how wide In closing these remarks about the institu-
spread has been this educational influence. tion now fairly launched, with clear skies and
Hardly a town in the State will be found unrep prosperous breezes, upon its second half-cen-
resented; it must be a small bamlet indeed that tury, we are bound to acknowledge our own
does not every year or two send its student or debt to the University of Wisconsin. THE
students to the central educational institution DIAL has only a scant quarter-century of com-
at the capital. Some students are attracted pleted history, but no year of that period has
from outside Wisconsin also, but the number passed without substantial help from Madison.
is small in comparison with that of the stu Presidents Bascom, Chamberlain, and Adams
dents whose homes are within the limits of the are numbered among our most valued contrib-
State. In this respect, the contrast between utors; that great historical student, William
the great State Universities of the West and F. Allen, made of our pages for many years a
the great private foundations of the older East medium for the publication of his scholarly
is very striking.
investigations and reflections; while among liv.
To serve as the capsheaf of the educational ing members of the faculty we are deeply
system of the commonwealth, to unite its parts indebted to the learned collaboration of Profes-
into an organic whole, and to reach out in all sor Jastrow, Professor Ely, Professor Haskins,
directions for the purpose of giving as well as Professor Olson, Professor Turner, Professor
of receiving — these seem to be the true func- Scott, Professor Sharp, Professor Anderson,
tions of the State university, and Wisconsin and others. To them, and to the institution
has fulfilled them with singular thoroughness whose reputation they have so worthily sus-
and success. It has joined practical with ac tained, we extend our cordial greeting, and
ademic aims 80 wisely that it has won the con. our confident hope that the University of Wis-
fidence of the taxpayers of the State, whose consin may during the coming half-century
appreciation is evidenced every year by gener continue to extend its usefulness and its influ-
ous appropriations. By thus shaping its course ence at the constantly accelerated rate which
with an eye to its agricultural and mechanical seems to be warranted by its past and by the
constituency, it bas shown something of the measure of wbat it bas already achieved.


1904.]
389
THE DIAL
would still be beyond comparison the best and
The New Books.
completest. Such it is likely to remain, per.
haps, until “the inevitable German ” enters
the field.
BYRON IN DEFINITIVE FORM.*
If fame is anything, the Bibliography shows
It is now some five years since the earlier that Byron enjoys it beyond any other mod.
volumes of Murray's great definitive edition ern poets save Dante, Shakespeare, Goethe.
of Byron's works were reviewed in THE DIAL “Childe Harold's Pilgrimage" has been trans-
(May 16, 1899). Twelve volumes were then
Twelve volumes were then lated into Armenian, Bohemian, Danish, Hun-
announced : six of Poetry and six of Letters garian, Swedish; into Russian twice, into
and Journals. Mr. Murray has, however, given Polish five times, into Italian eight times, into
us the baker's dozen ; and the thirteenth vol.
French at least as often, while no fewer than
ume, bearing the sub-title, “Poetry, Vol. VII.,” eleven different translators have rendered the
is now before us. This well edited, fully an poem into German. The array of translations
notated, richly illustrated edition affords both of “ Don Juan ”is, considering the great length
excuse and opportunity for taking a new sur. of that poem, equally impressive: one into
vey of Byron, both as man and as poet. The Servian, two (complete) into Polish, five or six
six volumes containing the Letters and Jour-into Russian, and so on. Says Mr. Coleridge
nals are perhaps the more interesting half of in the preface:
the work, not only because Mr. Prothero is a
“ Teuton and Latin and Slav have taken Byron to
sounder editor than is Mr. Coleridge, but also themselves, and have made him their own. No other
and chiefly because of the hundreds of hitherto English poet except Shakespeare has been so widely read
imperfectly printed or wholly uncollected let-
and so frequently translated. Of Manfred I reckon
one Bohemian translation, two Danish, two Dutch, three
ters they contain. Here are twelve hundred
French, nine German, three Hungarian, three Italian,
letters (less two),-nearly twice as many as in two Polish, one Romaic, one Roumanian, four Russian,
the largest previous collection. These letters, and three Spanish translations, and in all probability
with the full annotation and the index pro-
there are others which have escaped my net."
vided by the editor, together with the numer One cannot, of course, enter here upon an
ous portraits and views, go far to make the analysis of the qualities that have made Byron
reader acquainted with the man Byron in his the poet of “Teuton and Latin and Slav,"
habit as he lived.
rather than of the race from which he
sprang,
The thirteenth and concluding volume con whose character he reacted against - and
tains “ Epigrams and Jeux d'Esprit,” — many shared. This would be the subject of a study
of them hitherto uncollected and some ten such as, now that Leslie Stephen has laid down
hitherto unprinted. The frontispiece is a strik the pen forever, perhaps no surviving critie
ing portrait of Ada Byron, and there are other has the mental stature to undertake. For there
interesting pictures. Much more than half is little agreement about the value of Byron's
(260 pp.) of the volume is devoted to an elab- poetry. The late Mr. Henley thought Byron
orate “ Bibliography of the successive editions the master-poet of his time: on the other
and translations of Lord Byron's Poetical hand Professor Saintsbury professes to consider
Works." Finally there is an index to the Byron as not even a very good second-rate
poetical works, almost as long (100 pp.) as poet. Some go beyond even Mr. Henley in
the index to the letters (113 pp.). Thus the laudation; and now and then the querulous
student is able to look up any note in the thir. voice of Mr. Swinburne seems to cry in the
teen volumes, or any of the multitudinous top of Mr. Saintsbury's in disparagement.
allusions that crowd the pages of this poet. To the last-named critic, however, is reserved
The critic notes faults and errors of detail, but the distinction of suggesting that the whole
it must be admitted that this edition is, on the continent of Europe has been the victim of a
successfully carried to completion. sort of insanity on the subject of Byron. I
Were the editorial shortcomings of Mr. Cole am not aware that Mr. Saintsbury has ever
ridge far greater than they are, the edition avowed any doubt of his own entire critical
sanity. The type is well known to alienists.
THE POETICAL AND PROSE WORKS OF LORD BYRON.
A New Text, with many hitherto unpublished additions. What elements of permanence has the fame
The Poetry (7 vols.), edited by Ernest Hartley Coleridge. of Byron ? Must he, like the pseudo-Ossian,
The Letters and Journals (6 vols.), edited by Rowland E.
Prothero. Illustrated. London: John Murray. New York:
atone for excessive vogue in his own age by
Charles Scribner's Song.
neglect in all succeeding time ? May he, like
wbole, very


390
[June 16,
THE DIAL
more of
a
Ossian, be safely skipped ? Or does the pres-
cacy in clearing our minds of cant. Does not
ent critical edition, with its apparatus of notes the modern world, straining beneath the white
and variant readings, point to his ultimate man's burden," afford a subject to the satirist?
assignment to a secure and unchallenged posi- The functions of the literature of our day are,
tion as a world-poet? The fact that these are so it would seem, to beguile our short leis-
still debatable questions is in itself a verdict. ures with the short story and our uneasy
The memory of man, which“ drags at each consciences with the sublimities of imperial-
remove a lengthening chain," has already cut ism. In a time when the megaphonic voice
loose from much of the heated improvisation of Kipling is raised only to glorify the subju-
of Byron's facile muse. Students now gravely
Students now gravely gation of the weak, may we not sigh for a
set about reading Byron as so much task-work. Byron upon the opposition bench? The satirist
His brush is found coarse, his scenery spec. of Castlereagh and the fat Regent would find,
tacular, his sentiment operatic, his versing were he to revisit the world, abundant mate-
slovenly, his satire too often personal and rials for a continuation of his great poem of
spiteful.
modern life in such incidents and shibboleths
It is pretty obvious that Byron possessed as the Yellow Peril, Benevolent Assimilation,
energy than of philosophy, more wit the March of Civilization, the Boer War, the
than wisdom. His reader often concludes that Pacification of the Filipino, the Peace Con-
he had more cleverness than character, gress, the Diplomatic Mission to Tibet, as well
hasty judgment, surely, in the case of a man as in the grand international symphony of
who gave his life for an ideal. “ Greater love British Bathos, Russian Pathos, and American
hath no man than this.” Even though he failed Cant. That such a satire would do something
"to see life steadily and see it whole,” Byron to clear the moral atmosphere of our time, I
enjoyed clear glimpses. Certain things he saw for one cannot doubt. To say this is virtually
and helped others to see. His proud and com to concede such praise to Byron as would per-
placent country has never forgiven him for haps have satisfied even his great hunger for
aying bare to the derision of the nations her fame.
MELVILLE B. ANDERSON.
unseemliness, and has naturally made reprisal
by laying undue stress upon the poet's literary
and the man's personal sins. Time was when
men, educated to look upon Byron as false and
A COMPOSITE HISTORY OF THE
dangerous, shook out his banner when they
REFORMATION.*
fancied themselves driven to break with 80-
In the preface to the first volume of the
ciety, - much as in an earlier age one pricked
Cambridge Modern History," the editors
a vein and signed an indenture for one's soul.
stated that the novel feature of Lord Acton's
When, in a memorable essay, a sound and
conservative English critic ascribed to Byron the various topics in each chapter of each vol-
scheme lay in the use of specialists, by whom
“ the excellence of sincerity and strength,”
ume were to be treated ; and it was exactly for
and classed him with England's chief literary
this specialized treatment that students of his-
glories alongside of Wordsworth, the gentle
tory extended a general welcome in advance
reader held his breath. That was a number
to the work itself. The first volume, on the
of years ago, and we are now getting more
Renaissance, largely fulfilled the editorial prom-
familiar with the notion. Reviewing “Don
ise, while the second in order of publication, on
Juan " to-day, one is struck not only with its
the United States, was at least divided among
fresh power, but with the very considerable in-
a large number of writers, although various
sight it displays. Moreover, so decadent has
opinions have been expressed as to the merit
literature grown,
the thing does not appear of their contributions. The third and latest
as bad as one had thought, or hoped. Indeed,
volume, on the Reformation, distinctly departs
the jaded ear harks back with relief to the
from the original plan in that four authors
clear notes of Byron's horn, now that Carlyle,
bave written eleven of the nineteen chapters,
Ruskin, Tennyson, Browning,
and while in two instances the chapters may
“ The silenced quire,
Lie with their hallelujahs quenched like fire."
be regarded as but formal divisions of a single
This is much, and I think not all. Even after *THE CAMBRIDGE MODERN HISTORY. Planned by the
late Lord Acton; edited by A. W. Ward, Litt.D., G. W.
Carlyle, there still remains in “Don Juan"
Prothero, Litt.D., and Stanley Leathes, M.A. Vol. II., The
a purgative principle that may have some effi. Reformation. New York: The Macmillan Co.


1904.]
391
THE DIAL
On
topic, in the remaining cases there is no ap to harmonize the Rev. Mr. Lindsay's humble
parent foundation for any claim to so wide and truth-seeking Luther with the man ar-
spread a specialized knowledge. Thus Mr. raigned by Mr. Pollard, in connection with the
A. F. Pollard not only has four consecutive Peasant Revolt, as “ not free from the upstart's
chapters dealing respectively with “National contempt for the class from which he sprang";
Opposition to Rome in Germany,” “Social and several diverse opinions are expressed in
Revolution and Catholic Reaction in Ger. as many chapters of Luther's intellectual qual-
many,” “The Conflict of Creeds and Parties ities. These, however, being matters of inter-
in Germany,” and “Religious War in Ger- pretation, rather add interest to the volume as
mang,” (sufficiently differentiated topics in a whole, and do not involve any marked dis-
themselves for several writers), but also con agreement as to historical facts. The service-
tributes a chapter on “ The Reformation under ableness of the work for convenient reference
Edward VI.” With the exception of a chapter is continued by the orderly arrangement of
on Luther by the Rev. T. M. Lindsay, the bibliographies into sections covering respec-
reformation movement in Germany is thus tively documents, other sources, and secondary
exclusively the work of Mr. Pollard ; and in works ; by the comprehensive index; and by a
place of differentiated specialized studies we chronologioal table, including the years 1508
have merely a new general history of the Ger to 1564. In general, then, the estimate here
man Reformation by a single author. The placed on this volume, is that while distinctly
Rev. W. E. Collins has one chapter on “ The inferior to the first volume in one important
Catholic South,” giving a combined treatment feature, it is still valuable as a work both to
of Italy, Spain, and Portugal, and another on be read and referred to by the general histor-
“ The Scandinavian North"; while the Rev. ical student. It is to be hoped that future vol-
A. M. Fairburn writes on “ Calvin and the
“ Calvin and then
umes will return to the higher standard set in
Reformed Church," and " Tendencies the beginning
E. D. ADAMS.
of European Thought in the Age of the
Reformation.”
The instances just cited indicate, then, that
the editors of the “Cambridge Modern Hig-
SOME RECENT RAILWAY LITERATURE.*
tory” have departed in the present volume
from their original plan. Either specialized Twenty years ago any orderly discussion of
knowledge on sub-topics of the reformation
railway management or railway economics was
period is rare in England, or the specialists
as “ caviare to the general.” There had been
have not been available. This defect is a seri.
a period of railway pioneering — which was
ous one, considering the avowed purpose of
closed in 1869 with the completion of the trans-
the work; but in other respects the volume continental route — when the roads were not
is still valuable at least for its combination of only popular, but were solicited to enter in and
topics, showing a continuous development, and occupy. Any discussion that became public
for its readableness. The best chapters are
was concerned, not with principles and scien-
those by Mr. Pollard on Social Revolution
tific laws, but with material ways and means.
and Catholic Reaction in Germany," by Mr.
Then came a sudden awakening to the arbitrary
James Gairdner on Henry VIII., and by the
and inequitable methods employed by these com-
Rev. A. M. Fairburn on “Calvin and the
mon carriers, and for a few years the country
Reformed Church"; the last-named in partic-
was afflicted with a spasm of “granger ” legis-
ular offering an excellent generalization, with
lation. But this method defeated its own ends,
just enough exact detail to give solidarity, and
and statutes were either repealed or became a
showing much thought and study. Thus two
dead letter. Then a period of state commis-
at least of the very writers who have unfor-
sions succeeded, some advisory, on the basis
tunately been persuaded, or permitted, to un-
* AMERICAN RAILWAY TRANSPORTATION. By Emory R.
dertake too wide a field, have contributed a Johnson, Ph.D., Assistant-Professor of Transportation and
specialized study in one portion of that field. Commerce in the University of Pennsylvania, Member of the
Isthmian Canal Commission. New York: D. Appleton & Co.
In general a sharp line has been drawn be-
AMERICAN RAILWAY8. By Edwin A. Pratt. New York:
tween theological and political movements in The Macmillan Co.
the reformation period, with the result that
RAILWAY LEGISLATION IN THE UNITED STATES. By
eminent men, like Luther, are frequently de-
Balthasar Henry Meyer, Ph.D., Professor of Institutes of
Commerce, University of Wisconsin. New York: The Mac-
picted in contradictory colors. It is difficult millan Co.


392
[June 16,
THE DIAL
of the admirable Massachusetts experiment, Harriman had an hour to give to Stanford,
but most of them “ with power.” Taking this and when his cicerone had piloted him into
method of control“ by and large,” the rail this library, he left it only to catch the train.
road managers were restricted and exasperated The three books named at the head of this
unduly, and the shipping and travelling public article are reliable works. Professor Johnson
were but little benefitted. Yet one great good has covered the ground as no one before him has
was accomplished, the public was being edu done, under the larger titles of the system, the
cated into an enlightened interest in railway service, the public, the state. Under the third
problems, and railway men were being forced title is an admirable discussion of competition,
into an intelligent recognition of public opinion. rates, pools, traffic associations, and monopoly.
The growth of the country in the decade Under the last title is a good presentation of
following the Civil War — a growth that the the independent system of Great Britain, and
railways made possible - was along the lines the state-aided systems of the continent; as-
of the national sentiment which the war had also of regulation in the United States by
so intensified. Soon it was seen that the rail state governments, the Interstate Commission,
way problem was one beyond the bounds of and, finally, by the courts. This last phase of
states and the mastery of state legislation control lacks but the recent Northern Securi-
and state commissions. In the height of the
ties decision to bring the subject to the present
“ granger
controversy, agitation began for moment. In its resumé, however, it is as re-
some method of federal regulation. In 1872 cent as the Elkins law of February 17, 1903,
President Grant brought the matter to the and contributes a valuable critique on the
attention of Congress, and through a series of Trans-Missouri and other decisions that have
efforts, marked by the Windom report, the extended, so unexpectedly, the anti-trust law
McCreary and Reagan bills, and the Cullom of 1890 to the railways. Another chapter dis-
report, that body came in 1887 to the adop cusses railway taxation, and the final chapter
tion of the Interstate Commerce Act. The on “the problem of government regulation ”
general public breathed sigh of relief, feel decides for improvement in “the methods and
ing that its troubles with the roads were ended, agencies of regulation now employed rather
when in truth they were but entering upon a than to attempt the enormous task of purchas-
larger and more intricate experience.
ing and operating two-fifths of the railway
However, the railway had finally taken hold mileage of the world.”
on popular imagination. A great literature The greater part of the material contained
concerning it arose. Not only were the pages
in Mr. Pratt's volume was published in a
of such journals as “The Nation," “The series of letters to “The Times" of London in
North American Review," and "The Forum" the first half of 1903, Mr. Pratt having spent
crowded with valuable discussions of railway four months in travel over nine thousand miles
matters, but a large number of books was de of American railway. The author, as a rail-
voted to the subject. Even a considerable way writer of long experience, is thoroughly
body of fiction has made this its field, includ. conversant with his subject, and has a happy
ing one of the most powerful novels of the faculty of seeing and reporting things of prime
close of the century. This literature is the
This literature is the importance. He has also a sane and tolerant
product of the last twenty-five years, and in a judgment, and consequently has made a book
large degree of the last fifteen. The pioneer that is both valuable and fascinating. It bids
work — which is still a classic, for breadth of fair to take the same rank among British re-
view and scientific insight, — is “ Railroads, ports as do Mr. Bryce's “ American Common-
their Origin and Problems,” published by wealth” and the Moseley industrial and edu-
Charles Francis Adams, Jr., in 1878. This cational reports. He is “to our virtues always
was followed in 1885 by President Hadley's kind," and yet sees no reason to disparage the
“ Railroad Transportation, its History and its good things in the English system for the sake
Laws.” So the path was blazed, and the mag of exploiting ours. Especially valuable in
nificent railway library at Stanford University, this respect is the chapter entitled “Some
with its thousands of critical treatises, its scores Points of Difference." Track elevation at
of railway periodicals, in several languages, Chicago bas a chapter, the Pittsburg Block
and its great mass of reports and decisions, another. The whole thing is admirable, but
bears witness to the literary and critical in especially so are the brief topics discussed
terest that has been created. In 1902 Mr. under “Miscellaneous," including signalling,


1904.)
393
THE DIAL
As was
the capture of the small shareholder, the sub in returning the book, complained of a strange
urban traffic problem at Chicago, luggage and lacuna therein, caused by the pasting of blank
parcels, the policy of combination, and ton paper over some of the pages. It was in this
mileage statistics.
manner that FitzGerald had obliterated the
Professor Meyer's little book is not so much passage referring to himself.
for the million as are the two volumes just That such a man, one who could not bear to be
noticed. But Professor Meyer has already talked about even among his intimate friends,
become an authority on the special subject of should be made the subject of a ponderous
which he treats, and the special student of rail. | biography is a destiny indeed ironic; the more
way problems will welcome his contribution. A so as the task was wholly needless.
portion of it has already been given to scholars proved by Mr. John Glyde's innocuous effort
in the pages of “The Political Science Quar- of a few years ago, there is nothing essential
terly" and the “Annals of the Academy of in the story of FitzGerald's peaceful life that
Political and Social Science." The aim is does not find place in Mr. Aldis Wright's edi-
“to present a condensed analysis of the pri- tion of the Letters. These volumes, eked out
vate and public laws which govern railways in with glimpses afforded in the memorabilia of a
the United States, and of the important de- few judicious friends, reveal the man so lumin-
cisions relating to interstate commerce. State- ously that a formal biography is as superfluous
ments and comments are based upon actual as would be a botanical analysis of our favorite
analysis and in large part upon analytical nook of woodland. But the Omar cult is still
tables of charters and laws enacted in the inquisitive, and “old Fitz” must needs take
various states.” Whilst the body of the work his turn with the all-devouring biographer.
is so made up, the author has rendered as im A life more devoid of moving incident, more
portant a service in his own criticism, embodied tranquil and sequestered in its outer aspects,
in chapters on characteristics of legislation, for would be difficult to imagine. So trivial even
eign side-lights, economic adjustments, leading to himself seemed the details of his “innocent
principles of the decisions of the commissioners, far-niente existence” that he never touched
commission, and courts, and the Cullom bill. upon them in his letters without quaintly apol.
For class-room work this volume is a happy ogizing. A pious pilgrimage to Scott's haunts
complement to Professor Johnson's.
at Abbotsford, a visit to Ireland, a yachting
JOHN J. HALSEY.
cruise to Holland, - these were the largest
happenings of his life. In summer he was a
great deal upon or near the ocean, which always
THE LAIRD OF LITTLEGRANGE.
held first place in his affections; and now
and then there would be an unwilling journey
When Fanny Kemble was contributing her
to London, or a renewal of the old college
vivacious reminiscences to “ The Atlantic
associations at Cambridge. But for the most
Monthly," a quarter-century or more ago, she
years were merged in a quiet pastoral
found occasion to say a few proper words of of Suffolk lane and garden.
praise for her friend Edward FitzGerald,
“You know my way of life so well that I need not
whose genius she had been one of the first to
describe it to you, as it has undergone no change
appreciate. But the tribute, modest and de since I saw you. I read of mornings; the same old
served as it was, met with such pained remon-
books over and over again, having no command of new
strance from its recipient, that at his request
ones: walk with my great black dog of an afternoon,
and at evening sit with open windows, up to which China
it was excised when the writer came to revise
roses climb, with my pipe, while the blackbirds and
her work for publication in book form. Says thrushes begin to rustle bedwards in the garden, and
Mrs. Kemble :
the nightingale to have the neighbourhood to herself.”
“He did not certainly knock me on the head with
And again :
Dr. Johnson's sledge-hammer, but he did make me feel “A little Bedfordshire -a little Northamptonshire-
painfully that I had been guilty of the impertinence a little more folding of the hands — the same faces.
of praising.”
the same fields — the same thoughts occurring at the
Meanwhile FitzGerald had bound up the maga-
same turns of road — this is all I have to tell of;
zine articles, and was lending the improvised nothing at all added — but the summer gone.”
volume to a few of his friends. One of these,
Epics and two-volume biographies are not
made from such stuff as this.
*THE LIFE OF EDWARD FITZGERALD. By Thomas
Wright. In two volumes. Illustrated. New York: Charles
If Mr. Thomas Wright's recently-issued
Scribner's Sons.
work had been carried out in something of
part, the


394
[June 16,
THE DIAL
As a
the spirit and manner of its subject, we might Mr. Wright's theory seems fanciful and his
partially forgive its lack of raison d'être. But superlatives remain unconvincing.
the genial and delicate charm of the Wood In an appendix to his biography, Mr. Wright
bridge philosopher finds no echo here. presents with due flourish some " hitherto un.
biography, the book is formless and unillumin published" writings of FitzGerald, consisting
ating ; the style is devoid of literary grace, and in the main of two poems rescued from con-
not seldom lacking in taste. The author's temporary “Keepsakes," and a series of “word
judgments are often rash, and his deductions portraits” of Thackeray, Tennyson, Bernard
najve. He has evidently been untiring in his Barton, and others, found in one of Fitz-
search for material; but the results of this Gerald's copy-books.
Gerald's copy-books. So feeble and unworthy
labor are singularly unimportant. We are told are these compositions that Mr. Aldis Wright's
a great deal about FitzGerald's neighbors, his recent communication in “The Athenæum”
brother and his brother's servants, — in all of was hardly needed to convince the discerning
whom we confess only a faint interest; but to that they were not authentic. The verses were
the existing portrait of the Laird of Little written by the obnoxious individual, a prede-
grange nothing essential is added. The Lowe cessor of FitzGerald at Cambridge, whose sim-
stoft captain, Fletcher (the often-mentioned ilarity of name was ever a thorn in the poet's
“ Posh” of the Letters), and Mary Lynn, side. The “word portraits ” were the work of
playmate of FitzGerald's childhood, have been a London “graphologist,” and had merely been
drawn upon at some length, but offer little to
the point. We are able to gather, however, While Mr. Wright presents a fuller account
that “ Posh,” whom FitzGerald included with than has before been available of FitzGerald's
Tennyson and Thackeray as the three greatest unfortunate marriage, we are grateful that he
men he had ever known, seems to have been treats the subject with somewhat more than his
rather unappreciative of his admirer's real usual discretion. It was a pitiable affair from
quality.
any point of view, yet the issue was inevitable,
In Mr. Wright's preface there are promises and no trace of discredit may be attached to
of “important revelations,” dark allusions to either of the two concerned. In the matter of
unsuspected connections," and a dramatic religion, it would seem that Mr. Wright is not
assertion that the writer has “ laid bare the wholly in accord with the poet who has given
whole story” of “the great central circum us what has been called the bighest expression
stance of FitzGerald's life.” We can find of Agnosticism. He stamps with disapproval
little in the body of the book to warrant these the reply of FitzGerald to the Woodbridge
prophecies. An example of the “revelations
parson who called to express regret that he
is presented in the author's statement, unsup was never seen at church,
ported by other authority, that FitzGerald was
Sir, you might have conceived that a man has not
for a time “deeply in love" with a grand come to my years of life without thinking much of
daughter of the poet Crabbe. This may or these things. I believe I may say that I have reflected
may not be true; as given here it is no more
on them fully as much as yourself. You need not re-
than an interesting surmise. “The great cen-
peat this visit.”
tral circumstance of FitzGerald's life,” accord A very proper answer! And yet that Fitz-
ing to Mr. Wright, was his friendship for W. Gerald's was a deeply reverent spirit what
Kenworthy Browne. This he characterizes as reader of discernment can doubt? « It is He
one of the most remarkable friendships in
that hath made us, and not we ourselves,"
literary history,” adding further that “to Fitz no mere scoffer would have chosen such an in-
Gerald, Browne was at once Gamaliel, Jona- scription to stand above his own grave.
than, Apollo: the friend, the master, the god A number of entertaining anecdotes enliven
and literary history offers no parallel to the Mr. Wright's pages, and the numerous illus-
conjuncture." Every reader of the Letters trations (most of them new) form a feature
who recalls that poignant account of Fitz- of much interest. But at the end we lay aside
Gerald's visit to the dying Browne will know the two bulky volumes, and turn again to the
how strong was the attachment between these Letters, with much the same feeling that Fitz-
two. Yet it was FitzGerald's great privilege Gerald must have experienced in escaping from
that several such enduring attachments were the noisy futilities of London to the peace and
his, all his friendships, as he has told us, fragrance of his own Woodbridge garden. And
“ more like loves"; and in this light l in so doing we realize anew how slight is the
were


1904.]
395
THE DIAL
-
need for any other biography of FitzGerald than and is concerned equally with results and pro-
the one he has himself given us. Not in minute cesses.
descriptions of his homes and friends and serv The belief has long been firmly, if some-
ants, but in such a glimpse as this, is the living times sub-consciously, held that nothing is fit
man to be discerned :
matter for text-book use until it has been so
" Here is a glorious sunshiny day: all the morning thoroughly tested and proved that it is dead
I read about Nero in Tacitus lying at full length on a and lifeless, — till it has lost that element of
bench in the garden: a nightingale singing, and some
novelty which contributes so largely to its
red anemones eyeing the sun manfully not far off. A
funny mixture all this: Nero, and the delicacy of
interest. Yet all great text-books have disre-
Spring: all very human however, Then at half-past garded this belief, and have set new stakes to
one lunch on Cambridge cream cheese: then a ride which the plodders of the profession should
over bill and dale: then spudding up some weeds from advance. The present work is not only no
the grass: and then coming in, I sit down to write to exception to this role, but is a striking expo-
you, my sister winding red worsted from the back of a
chair, and the most delightful little girl in the world
nent of it; and to the general reader the book
chattering incessantly. So runs the world away. You
will bave its chief interest in this phase of
think I live in Epicurean ease: but this happens to be the discussion, the unique hypotheses here
a jolly day: one isn't always well, or tolerably good, presented.
the weather is not always clear, nor nightingales sing-
ing, nor Tacitus full of pleasant atrocity.”
It will doubtless come as a shock to many
to find the long-accepted Nebular Hypothesis
W. R. BROWNE.
not only here questioned, but confronted with
a fully developed alternative, — the planetismal
theory. In the second volume, still in press,
the full statement of this hypothesis is to be
SOME NEW THEORIES OF THE EARTH.*
set forth ; but in the pages of the present vol-
Since the days when James II. commended ume it is given in outline and many of its
to his faithful subjects Burnett's “Telluris applications are made. The new point of view
Theoria Sacra,” geologists have been busy leads to many novel conceptions: there may
with book-making. It is an intellectual eod,
never have been a liquid earth; there is prac-
however, from the quaint imaginings of the tically no limit to the time the earth may have
close of the seventeeth century to the orderly been inhabited ; past climates have been func-
presentation of a fully developed science in tions of the constitution of the atmosphere,
these early years of the twentieth. In the and glacial and inter-glacial periods come and
interim there has been many a treatise, each go as the air is poor or rich in carbon-dioxide;
showing some advance in the science. Of these, the crampling which produces mountains is the
Lyell's “Principles of Geology,” published expression of locally accumulated horizontal
early in the nineteenth century, forms the nat- stresses, while the big dominant movements of
ural starting-point for English students. the earth have been vertical, and it is to them
In America we have had two notable and that appeal must be made for the criteria opon
comprehensive summaries of the science of which world-wide correlations are to be based.
geology,—that of Dana, first published in 1862, These and many other changes must be made
and that of Le Conte, in 1877. Both were of in current doctrine if the new hypothesis prove
first importance, and have profoundly influ correct. In this work, both new and old theo-
enced the thought of American scientists. To ries are stated side by side, and in comparing
these two there is now added a third work, them the student enters at once into the circle
which it may be safely predicted will influence of working geologists. He is trained in mak-
the larger audience of the present quite as
ing discriminations, instead of being presented
fundamentally. Dana's text-book was first of with neat packages of pre-digested food.
all a stratigrapher's book, and was essentially
The book is excellently printed, despite cer-
concerned with results. Le Conte’s was a phi- tain minor imperfections. The margins are
losopher's book, - a philosopher in love with narrow, and there are the annoying errors in
the doctrine of evolution. The Chamberlin footnotes and in text incident to first editions.
Salisbury text-book is something of each of The illustrations, while lavish and well-chosen,
these, but is before all else a teacher's book, are not always sufficiently described in caption.
Yet on the whole the work is worthily pre-
* GEOLOGY. By Thomas A. Chamberlin and Rollin D.
Salisbury. Volume I., Geologic Processes and their Results.
sented, and is as notable in appearance as in
Illustrated. New York: Henry Holt & Co.
subject matter.
H. FOSTER BAIN.


396
[June 16,
THE DIAL
66
music within its walls. During the next fifty years
BOOKS ON MUSIC AND MUSICIANS.*
musical societies contributed largely to the progress
The second volume of the “ History of American of the art, which was augmented when Lowell
Art," a series of books published under the editorial
Mason,
“ the father of American church music,”
supervision of Mr. John C. Van Dyke, is devoted became president of the Handel and Haydn Society
to American Music, and is the work of the compe at Boston, in 1827. In the seventeenth and eight-
tent historian and critic, Mr. Louis C. Elson. The eenth centuries instrumental music was by no means
idea of this series is to have each branch of art as common as vocal music. In orchestral work up
handled by a recognized authority on the subject, to 1860, there was more of ambition than of true
and by one who practices the craft whereof he achievement. Gottlieb Graupner (who came to
writes, - the whole to comprise a complete history Boston in 1798) is spoken of as the father of
of artistic development in America from colonial American orchestral music; yet the present chroni-
times to the year 1904. The first volume, “ The cler
says
this is true only in a chronological sense,
History of American Sculpture," by Mr. Lorado and that as regards the establishment of a high
Taft, has already been reviewed in these columns; standard of execution and the introduction of a
and the present work sustains the standard set by true epoch of interpretation Mr. Theodore Thomas
Mr. Taft.
deserves this honorable title. He and Dr. William
In “ The History of American Music," the author Mason, leader in early piano music, are credited
has told of the beginnings, the foreign influences, with giving greater catholicity to the concert reper-
the changes, the methods that have gone to the toire. Wilhelm Gericke, Arthur Nikisch, Emil
making of our national music, not only having in Paur, Walter Damrosch, Fritz Scheel, and Victor
mind the question of its development, but the man Herbert have also had much to do with keeping
ner in which that development has been affected America abreast of Europe in the field of orchestra
by persons, events, and compositions. He points music one of the brightest spots on the musical
out that in presenting such a history one ought, if horizon in this country at present.”
following chronological sequence, to speak first of The story of opera in America opens with a pro-
the songs of the Aborigines; but while these are duction of “The Beggar's Opera” in New York
the earliest melodies that can be traced on this con as early as 1750. To New Orleans belongs the
tinent, the music of the North American Indians credit of introducing operas of the French and
is responsible for very little of the composition of Italian schools in this country. It is difficult to
later times. “ The true beginnings of American trace the inception of native opera.
Mr. Elson
music seeds that finally grew into a harvest of mentions “Leonora,” by William H. Fry, as the
native compositions — must be sought in a field first American opera of any musical worth; this
almost as unpromising as that of Indian music was followed by “Rip Van Winkle” by Bristow,
itself, — the rigid, narrow, and often commonplace “ The Scarlet Letter" by Damrosch, and “ Alzara
psalm-singing of New England.” Mr. Elson lays by Paine. The course of the opera is minutely
stress on the fact that it was the music developed traced up to the time when Colonel Mapleson was
in Paritan Boston and in Pilgrim Plymouth which, called from Her Majesty's Theater in London to
although it had its origin over seas, soon became save the waning glories of the Academy of Music
indigenous to the soil, and changed gradually from in New York, during the career of Anton Seidl as
the style of its prototype, as in the Middle Ages a director, under the Grau regime, up to the advent
the Gregorian chant changed in France and became of H. Conreid as manager of the Metropolitan and
the Cantus Gallicanus. The account of the relig. the representation of “ Parsifal" on Christmas Eve,
ious origin of American music is full of interest, 1903, — which he considers one of the epoch-mak-
and is illustrated with reproductions of quaint scores ing events in the history of music in this country,
of early psalmody.
and perhaps even of international importance.
The first of our native composers was William Folk-music is traced from the days of the Ojib-
Billings, who was born in Boston in 1746. In his
ways, Omahas, and Apaches, to the unhappy career
time, the chief music in New York was found in of Stephen C. Foster. After recording the history
the Episcopal churches, and Trinity Church upheld of national and patriotic music, the author says:
something of the dignity of the English cathedral “It is very probable that the giant strides made in
* THE HISTORY OF AMERICAN Music. By Louis C. Elson.
composition in this country may very soon resalt
Illustrated, New York: The Macmillan Co.
in some other national song replacing those de-
OVERTONES. A Book of Temperanients. By James scribed. Among the many composers who are now
Huneker. With portrait. New York: Charles Scribner's
creating a repertoire of important works in America,
Sons.
THE ACT OF Touch. By Tobias Matthay. New York:
there must be one who will some day feel impelled
Longmans, Green, & Co.
to write us a true national anthem."
HENRY J. WOOD. By Rosa Newmarch. Illustrated. In selecting five names as the chief composers of
New York: John Lane.
America, the author points out that four of the five
CHOPIN. By J. Cuthbert Hadden. Illustrated. New
York: E. P. Dutton & Co.
have also been important factors in public musical
THE STORY OF THE ORGAN. By C. F. Abdy Williams.
instruction, - Mr. Paine being at the head of mu-
New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
sical training at Harvard, Mr. Chadwick at the


1904.]
397
THE DIAL
New England Conservatory of Music, Mr. Parker writer. He believed that there was a point where
at Yale, and Mr. MacDowell at Columbia ; while women stopped in music. His experience was that,
the fifth man, Mr. Arthur Foote, has thus far em up to a well-advanced point in the intepretation of
ployed his abilities as a teacher only in a private the ideas of others, the female student often out-
capacity.
stripped the male; but in the highest realms of
In the chapters devoted to orchestral composers, musical performance, where individuality needed
the author writes with thoroughness and sincerity. to be blended with the text of the composer, there
His experience as a teacher and director enables was a timidity that militated against progress. In
him to touch upon many works in manuscript form the purely creative field he found scarcely any prog-
in a familiar manner. “So long as we have a pub ress comparable to that of the intelligent poetic
lic not fully acquainted with the orchestral works male student. Svendsen in Norway, and Gade in
of the great masters this (MS. form) must neces the Conservatory of Copenhagen, long ago expressed
sarily be the fate of the mass of American com almost identical views." Ambroise Thomas once said
posers. But that acquaintance is being speedily to us : “ Your country seems to be the natural home
made; and we may hope that in the near future, of the soprano!” America has given more promi-
instead of unnecessary repetitions of standard works nent operatic sopranos to the world than it has of
or interpretations of the efforts of untried European pianists, organists, or violinists. Mr. Elson suggests
fledglings, there will be a constant demand for that it may be climate, it may be food, or it may be
worthy compositions of American musicians, lead heredity, that causes northern Spain to bring forth
ing to their publication as well as their perform- tenors; Switzerland, male falsetto singers; England,
ance.”
contraltos; Russia, bases; and America, sopranos.
In speaking of a figure essentially American After taking up the question of musical criticism
one who has probably had more performances of and authorship, the writer closes bis work with
his works in France and Germany and England chapters on “ The Musical Education of the Pres
than all other native composers,
he recalls the ent” and “Qualities and Defects of American
fable of the bat among the birds and mice: “ The Music.” He points out that while this country
birds declined to associate with it because it was does not possess, and does not require, an endowed
too much like a mouse; the mice declined its com school of music under government protection, such
panionship because it too closely resembled a bird. as the Conservatoire at Paris or some of the con-
Some such dilemma confronts one in the classifica servatories in Italy, Belgium, or Germany, yet,
tion of John Philip Sousa. In Germany they hold
In Germany they hold through the philanthropy and the love of art of
his music so typically representative of America private individuals, large schools have been founded
that they play his marches on international occa that have carried on the movement inaugurated in
sions, as, for example, the festivities connected with the Boston Academy of Music, and by Lowell
the Wagner monument in Berlin. In America his Mason, over sixty years ago.
“ The Americans,'
tunes are familiar to all classes, and many a musi he says, “may not be as musically gifted as the
cian who knows that Sousa does not belong among Italians, French, or Germans, but in the widespread
the great masters might be obliged to confess study of the art, in great popular interest, in public
greater familiarity with the melodies of the former festivals, the United States is abreast of some of
than with some of the themes of the latter. ... To the most cultivated European nations. It must be
write stirring rhythms, melodies that one cannot confessed, however, that in thoroughness of study,
shake out of one's memory, tunes that make the in the art of making haste slowly, and in the estab-
tired soldier walk and the popular concert audience lishment of concerted music in the home (probably
tap their feet, is not given to everyone. America the greatest factor in Germany's musical greatness),
may accept Sousa's remarkable capture of Europe the impatient energetic American has yet much to
with pleasure, without anduly exalting it."
learn."
Operatic, cantata, and song composers are com Mr. Elson's work gives us a fair statement of
prehensively mentioned. Speaking of the late what has been accomplished in music in America.
Ethelbert W. Nevin, the author says that one can Judging by a retrospect of fifty years of musical
pay tribute to him as being one of the most poetic endeavor, he considers the future full of promise.
of American composers, and that to him might be It is not hard to see that his work is that of a
applied the epitaph which Grillparzer wrote for student as well as a practical musician. The vol-
Schubert:
ume contains numerous photogravures and textual
Fate buried here a rich possession,
illustrations, and a good general bibliography, with
But yet greater promise."
an index.
Regarding the question as to whether a woman
can become a great composer, — whether there The name of James Huneker is justly conspic-
will ever be a female Beethoven or Mozart, — Mr. uous in the field of musical literature and criticism
Elson
says: “In Europe most authorities have an in this country; but by nothing has he deserved his
swered the question in the negative. Carl Rein-
Carl Rein- distinction more than by his latest volume, “Over-
ecke, long director of the Leipsig Conservatory, tones : A Book of Temperaments.” It is a gal-
once gave his views on this subject to the present | lery of interesting portraits ; and the subjects are
:
66


398
[June 16,
THE DIAL
chosen with such regard for variety as to show vonie than English. And, in fact, an interesting
the extent and quality of the author's studies and feature of his work is the way in which he has assimi-
sympathies. We have previously referred to Mr. lated the Slavonic spirit in music, and given to the
Haneker's peculiar power of analysis, his well compositions of the New Russian School interpreta-
balanced discrimination — eulogistic without ex tions which breathe the very atmosphere of na-
travagance and critical without bitterness. The tionality; in the comprehension of the emotional
volume opens with an appreciative estimate of realism " which lies at the heart of all Russian art
Richard Strauss. Though shaded here and there and literature, he is as Russian as the Russiang.
with highly-colored rhetoric, it is written in the themselves. The present monograph is character-
easy manner which betokens an affectionate ac ized by the analytical ability which was noticeable-
quaintance with the classic in music. During in the same author's “Tchaikovsky," and it is per-
the present period of worship at the shrine of
haps to be expected that she should fall under the
“Parsifal,” he challenges the accusation of artistic spell of the personality of her subject, and that
irreverence by plain statement: “It behooves us what she has written sbould savor, to a certain
to study Parsifal for ourselves, and not accept as extent, of bero-worship.
gospel the uncritical enthusiasms of the Wagnerite In his biography of Chopin, Mr. J. Cuthbert
who is without a sense of the eternal fitness of Hadden has told the story of the musician's life,
things. One ounce of humor, of common-sense, simply, directly, and with a regard for facts. He-
puts to flight the sham ethical and sham æsthetical has penned a picture of the man with the same
of the Parsifal worshippers. ... The composition power of analysis which appeared in Mr. James
is a miracle of polyphonic architecture and it is Huneker's work on the same subject; and has dis-
also the weakest that its creator ever planned.” cussed the composer “without trenching on the
Other chapters of the volume are devoted to ground of the formalist.” The volume is illus-
“Nietzsche the Rhapsodist,” “Anarchs of Art," trated, and appears in “The Master Musicians
“Literary Men Who Loved Music,” “Flaubert series.
and his Art," etc. Someone has said that it is To trace the history of the organ, from the me-
hard to sketch character without Aippancy; but in chanically blown trumpet of Ctesibius of Alexan-
this study of temperaments the author has shown dria, from documentary evidence apart from the
not only originality, but also a comprehensive un vague speculations of Kircher and others, required
derstanding of the art of music.
painstaking labor. In “The Story of the Organ,"
“The Act of Touch,” by Tobias Matthay, is an Mr. C. F. Abdy Williams has given all the informa-
analysis and synthesis of pianoforte tone production. tion that is really authentic, and rejected some that
The work is divided into four parts. The first deals has heretofore been incorporated in similar sketches,
with the problem of pianoforte training, education but which the present historian regards as apoc-
in the art of tone production, muscular education, ryphal. The numerous illustrations and the elabo
and the union of execution with conception; the sec rate appendix will be found invaluable to anyone
ond part treats of the use of keys from their instru directly or indirectly interested in the subject.
mental aspect, touching upon choice of instrument,
INGRAM A. PYLE.
tone-exciters in the construction of the instrument;
the quality of sound, and the fallacy of key-hitting
or striking ; in the third part, muscular discrimina-
tion is proved to be urgent, and such questions as
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
exaggerated finger lifting, arm-weight and correct
finger technique are considered; the fourth part is
Prof. Albert H. Tolman's “ Views
Illustrations of
devoted to the aspects and details of position, with Shakespeare about Hamlet, and Other Essays
criticism.
a glossary and summary of the main teachings of
(Houghton, Mifflin & Co.) illustrates
the work. As a technical work for teachers and both the qualities and the defects of modern Shake-
advanced musicians, as well as for beginners who speare criticism. The first paper is an interesting,
are in sympathy with the theories outlined, it will and for the most part sensible, review of the prin-
prove interesting and instructive reading.
cipal interpretations of Hamlet's temperament.
Miss Rosa Newmarch's biography of Henry J. “Shakespeare and The Taming of the Shrew"
Wood is the initial volume in the series of “Living presents the arguments for the conclusion that only
Masters of Music” — a series of monographs deal “the Induction and the actual taming of Katharine
ing with contemporary musical life, intended to by Petruchio" are Shakespeare's; there is visible
furnish biographical studies of well-known repre also the hand of a “gifted co-laborer” that is 80
sentatives of all branches of the art, in which the like the master's as to deceive the very elect. It
aim of supplying full critical and expository com is suggestive that while Professor Tolman refers to
ments is kept steadily in view. Henry J. Wood, “the great number of classical and learned allusions
during his career as an orchestral conductor, has in the non-Shakespearian parts" of the play, Dr.
become the central figure in English musical life. Robert K. Root, in his recent admirable study,
Though born in Newman Street, London (March “Classical Mythology in Shakespeare," points out
3, 1870), he is, in external appearance, more Sla that “ The Sbrew" is like all the undisputed works


1904.]
399
THE DIAL
of Shakespeare in being “overwhelmingly Ovidian cumflex. Finally, it seems to us rather a pity that
in its mythology. “Shakespeare's Love's Labour's English scholars should retain that comparative
Won” is a full and valuable account of the debate neologism, Anglo-Saxon, as applied to a language
concerning the identity of the mysterious play that was uniformly called English by those who
mentioned in the "Palladis Tamia," leading to spoke it. The book has no index.
the discreet conclusion of Professor Wendell that
“the question can never be definitely settled."
“The House of Quiet: An Autobi-
Two briefer studies, “Hamlet's • Woo't Drink Up
A book for
ography, edited by J. T.” (Dutton)
the shut-in,
Eisel ?" and "Shakespeare's Stage and Modern
belongs to that numerous class of
Adaptations,” are of much interest; a more elabo books written in the first person and edited by an
rate series of “Studies in Macbeth,” with the excep ostensible third person, but of course not expecting
tion of the sections devoted to the Weird Sisters, to deceive anyone by the transparent artifice. The
reminds us rather sharply of the sentimental pitfalls writer, a recluse and an almost lifelong invalid -
that the sanest Shakespearian commentator seldom or, at least, for literary purposes we may 80 con-
wholly escapes.
A suggestive essay on “The sider him - tells a story of the inner life which
Symbolic Value of English Sounds,” a plea for bears the unmistakable marks of sincerity that
“ Natural Science in a Literary Education," and a always command respectful attention. Omitting
careful but uninspired study of “The Style of certain irrelevant matters of family history, and
Anglo-Saxon Poetry," are the best of the remaining sundry descriptions (when will authors learn to
papers. It is difficult to see why the notes on leave landscapes to their brothers of the brush and
Lanier, Poe, and English Surnames should have palette?), the book, despite an occasional indul-
been included in the collection. The tone of the gence in obvious reflections, is well worth reading.
Shakespearian essays is refreshingly sober. There The writer's early difficulty in reconciling the de-
is little of the fanciful over-subtlety, the solemn terminism to which the intellect is forced to assent
abdication of common-sense, to which we are ac with the free-will which the whole moral and spir-
customed in critics who honor the poet's memory itual nature so strenuously asserts, represents an
on the other side of idolatry. But we think that experience that all really thoughtful persons have
Professor Tolman's sobriety forsakes him when he to go through sooner or later. To be sure, the de-
separates the Ghost's mandate, “Taint not thy sired reconciliation is never effected, but we learn
mind,” from the following, “ Nor contrive against to content ourselves with Robertson's creed,—
tby mother aaght,” and concedes the possibility of “ that truth is made up of two opposito propositions,
the former referring to a conscientious scruple and not found in a via media between the two."
against murder. It seems clear that Shakespeare As a sample of the wit and wisdom to be found
accepted the “ethical presuppositions” of the old in these quiet pages, let us take the “ vicious cir-
rovenge-play, and expected his audience to do the cle” of petty daties that fill the lives of most of us.
same; he was then prepared to motive the action «« What are these fields for?' said a equire who had
according to the strictest laws of moral probability. lately succeeded to an estate, as he walked round
In this he merely followed a custom as old as the with the bailiff. To grow oats, sir.' • And what do
Edipus Rex. Again, the “instinctive poetry" of you do with the oats?'Feed the horses, sir.' And
Macbeth's speeches is, we think, over-emphasized as what do you want the horses for ?' •To plough
a key to his character. Pater's remark is in point: | the fields, sir.'” Like Mark Pattison, who wrote
“One gracious prerogative, certainly, Sbakespeare's of a certain period of his life that his ideal was then
English kings possess: they are a very eloquent “defiled and polluted by literary ambition," our
company.” It is hardly a distinction
among
Shake author holds that spiritual peace demands the sacri-
speare's heroes to speak exquisite poetry. The fice of that and all other selfish ambitions.
“ Not
series of parallels (pp. 232, 233) that help to until a man can pass by the rewards of fame oculis
authenticate the Induction to “The Shrew” would irretortis — por cast one longing, lingering look
be 1
deadly” in a sense not intended by the behind’ – is the victory won.” It would be cruel
proverb, — deadly to the cause they are meant to and unfair to use the author's own words, as applied
aid, were it not buttressed by firmer supports to an earlier production of his, and call bis book
tban they We fail to see why it is more absurd “ sauce without meat”; but should any reader find
to suppose that Shakespeare would adopt “minute it richer in sauce than in meat, he must at least
and unimportant phrases” from an old play than admit the excellence of the sauce.
that he would adopt them from an old Chronicle,
which he notably did in the trial scene in “ Henry
The history of
It is nearly twenty years since the
VIII.” A few details call for remark. The state twenty-five years
sixth and last volume of Walpole's
ment (p. 321) that “the syllable-ing was the Anglo-
in England.
“ History of England, 1815 to
Saxon patronymic suffix, meaning son of, and then 1858,” appeared; and since then, no satisfactory
descendant of,” demands qualification. In these work has been produced in continuation of more
days of Biblical ignorance, it is hardly safe to recent English history. Sir Spencer Walpole's re-
refer calmly to “the other name of the Baptist, turn, therefore, to bistorical writing is sure to be
Elias." Hûnferth (p. 374) does not need the cir. welcomed, and in particular since he has chosen to


400
[June 16,
THE DIAL
pick up the dropped thread where he left it, thus tures, - Father, Son, and Holy Spirit." Without
offering a connected history for the larger part of the pausing to discuss this valuation of the dogma of
nineteenth century. His present work, “ The His the Trinity, one is led to query whether it is pos-
tory of Twenty-five Years” (Longmang, Green, & sible that Dr. Munger is here caught napping and
Co.), covers the years from 1856 to 1881, of which is referring to the so-called Athanasian Creed, well
the two volumes so far issued extend to 1870. As known for its detailed explanation of the three
is indicated by the title, the author's purpose is not terms in question, but now no longer assigned to
to write exclusively of English history, but rather Athanasius, being, by both external and internal
of general movements and events, throughout the evidence, of demonstrably later origin. Probably
world, in which England had an essential interest not; yet far worse blunders are not unknown to
and part. This was, in fact, a characteristic of the literature.
earlier work; and there has been no change in
Standards
Anyone who reads Professor Thomas
the general method of treatment. Indeed, the most of English R. Lounsbury's “Standards of Pro-
striking thing about the present work is that Mr. pronunciation.
nunciation in English” (Harper)
Walpole has been able to resume so closely the with the hope of getting light on some disputed
style, spirit, and attitude of twenty years ago. The points in orthoëpy will meet with disappointment.
value of his work does not lie in any exhaustive He will neither find general principles to guide him
research for remote causes, for such research would through the shifting quicksands of English speech,
be necessarily futile as yet, but in the ability to nor the author's authority in support of any partic-
group vividly the more open and public sources of ular pronunciation of doubtful words. Professor
movements, and to treat them with impartiality. Lounsbury maintains a strictly impartial attitude
Mr. Walpole gives all the necessary data for an toward contending pronunciations, recording all
exact general knowledge of his period, yet has the without giving preference to any. In this book he
art of so combining that data with the expression sets himself the task of showing, in the first place,
of underlying ideal movements as to maintain a con that no dictionary can be regarded as the ultimate
stant interest. In a word, he is both the popular standard of authority; second, that not even the con-
and the reliable historian; and when it is added current voice of all the lexicographers can be taken
that his voluminous footnote references are pur as conclusive authority, since deviations from the
posely selected with a view to their accessibility by established usage may creep in at any time and
ordinary readers and students, it is evident that his authorize pronunciations that now have no claim to
present labor will meet with a general welcome. acceptance; and third, that under our present sys-
tem of orthography, by which we have many differ-
Worthy of more than passing com-
ent combinations of letters with the same sound,
Essays, religious
ment are Dr. Theodore T. Munger's uniformity of orthoëpy can never be realized. In
and literary.
Essays for the Day” (Houghton,
Mifflin & Co.), three of which are reprints, and support of these views, the history is given of some
two hundred and fifty words whose pronunciation
three are new. Especially timely in this centen-
is either now a matter of dispate or which have
nial year of Hawthorne's birth is his study of “ The
Scarlet Letter,” an essay naturally having to do
undergone orthoëpic changes. The majority of the
words used as illustrations are in common use, and
chiefly with the ethical and religious import of the
book. Indeed, all the essays are deeply religious
their biography is of interest to the general reader
in tone, but of a breadth and humanity that will
as well as to the student of language. Some of the
make them attractive to a wide range of readers.
most important orthoë pic changes now going on in
the language, such as the varying pronunciation of
“A Layman's Reflections on Music,” the layman
being in this instance a clergyman, is profoundly fusion of certain combinations of consonants, are
the long u, of the r, and the tendency toward the
suggestive. Not only does Dr. Munger hold with
Schopenhauer that "the world is embodied music,"
not touched upon in this treatise.
but he also believes music to be “the type and ex-
The “ Letters of Lord Acton to Mary
Letters of
pression of the eternal world,” and in affirming
Gladstone” (Macmillan), edited by
this declares that he is speaking with as much ex-
Englishman.
Herbert Paul, cover the period from
actness as if he were dealing with weights and meas 1879 to 1886. They are chiefly interesting for the
The first essay, on “ The Church,” breathes intimate view offered of the intellectual temper of
a most liberal spirit, which is further displayed in Lord Acton himself, though many brilliant and
the following chapter on “ The Interplay of Chris familiar characterizations of men prominent in
tianity and Literature "; but after this fine advo- political and literary circles add vivacity to the
cacy of the most enlightened liberality in religion, correspondence. Mary Gladstone's letters are not
the author surprises us by his word of eulogy for given, and in consequence some allusions, possibly
that canonized leader of a now outworn ortho. quite plain to the editor, who has taken his duties
doxy, Athanasius. There is just a possibility, too, very lightly, are wholly blind to the reader. Lord
that the essayist gives him more than his due in Acton was unquestionably one of the most learned
assigning to him the credit of “fixing in the mind men of his time, 80 learned, in fact, that he
of the world a phrase of more worth than all litera shrank from attempting any really important work,
6
a brilliant
ures.


1904. ]
401
THE DIAL
an American
not because he dreaded the labor itself, but because tact 248 laws, civil in character, which were in
his view was 80 comprehensive that he was never vogue in Babylonia in Abraham's day. Professor
satisfied with the materials at hand. In politics Robert Francis Harper, with the cooperation and
he was a consistent adherent of Gladstone, esti assistance of his students and colleagues at the
mating his leader as one of the great men of history, University of Chicago, has now issued “The Code
yet critical of details. His letters (which Gladstone of Hammurabi” (University of Chicago Press),
himself did not read, save where they involved some embracing a facsimile of the original text, a trans-
direct criticism) are full of advice to Mary Glad- literation, a translation into English, an index of
stone about the petty social amenities by means of the laws, a glossary of the original words, and a
which her father's political course may be rendered sign-list of the original writing. The volume is a
more smooth, and of suggestions as to how this or valuable addition to our literature of the ancient
that individual should be treated. Comparatively Orient. Its value is readily apparent when we con-
little is to be found in these letters bearing upon sider that we have here a code of laws antedating
Lord Acton as an historical student or as a religious the time of Moses by almost a thousand years.
controversialist. They are rather the letters of a This priority, in time, of many laws similar to
brilliant independent thinker, chatting on events those of the Jewish lawgiver, points to a high state
of present-day political importance, and descriptive of civilized society in Babylonia before Abraham
of men of contemporaneous interest.
left Ur of the Chaldees. It shows, furthermore,
that there must have been court decisions centuries
Annals of
A private journal and a log-book
before such a codification as this could have been
have been utilized by that indefati-
sea-captain.
made. Their provisions are so full as almost to stag-
gable inquirer into matters of naval
ger our belief at the complications of the society of
history, Mr. E. S. Maclay, to make up a sketch of
the twenty-third century B. C. The similarity of
a hitherto unknown hero, Captain Moses Brown.
Newburyport, cradle of sea-dogs, produced this many of these laws to those of the Pentateuch has
given rise to a multitude of questions regarding the
doughty captain, who sailed the seas in merchant-
origin of the so-called Mosaic laws, and requires
man, sloop, and man-of-war, for over half a cen-
also a recasting of our interpretation of the language
tury, finding at last a winding sheet and sailor's
of the books of Moses. Apart from the great
burial within sight of his native shore. His adven-
tures rival those of a romance.
interest of the laws on their own account, there is
He was almost
material here for jears of study, touching ancient
buried alive at sea, was cast away in a small boat
history, civilization, and the Old Testament.
for a week, boldly took an American vessel into
London in 1776, was afterward captured by the
Mr. Gilbert Holland Montague's
The history
British, chased innumerable suspicious craft on the
work on “ Trusts of To-day” (Mc-
seas, and captured many vessels of the enemy. Mr.
Clure, Phillips & Co.) is of two-fold
Maclay bas made most of the scanty materials at value. To the student of economics, it will recom-
his command, and throws no little light on many mend itself as a concise and scientific treatment of
details connected with the naval history of the the trust problem in its most recent developments ;
United States through this humble agent. The log while to the more superficial surveyor of the subject
of the “Merrimac,” commanded by Captain Brown, it will appear an easy means of learning something
affords a glimpse of the extensive reprisals against of the nature of trusts, their history and their posi-
the French that were carried on in 1798, and the tion in the modern industrial world. Mr. Montague
close alliance between British and American vessels begins by tracing the development of industrial
under the Jay treaty. Several sketch maps serve to combination, and proceeds to discuss its various
locate the places in question, and a number of au aspects. He lays some stress on the savings of
thentic illustrations add both pleasure and instruc combination in the marketing of the product, as
tion. While few may be prepared to share the distinguished from the savings in the production of
author's enthusiasm over the Yankee captain as a output resulting from concentrated capital. After
hero, all will enjoy reading of the old sailor's ex pointing out the evils in modern trust organiza-
ploits. A date or two is incorrectly stated, but the tions, he turns to the question of trust-regulation,
context easily rectifies the error. (Baker & Taylor and traces the various statutory remedies, from the
Co.)
Inter-state Commerce Act of 1887 through the
Oriental scholars were startled in Nelson Amendment of 1903. Although the reforms
1902 by the discovery at old Susa suggested within the last few years by Attorney.
than Moses.
of a strange monument of antiquity General Knox and the Industrial Commission are
an obelisk of black diorite, on which was in- carefully elaborated, yet the reader is left unas-
scribed, in archaic Babylonian characters, a long sured of Mr. Montague's bare position on the sub-
ancient document. This was copied and published ject. While this result may be disappointing, it is
by Professor Scheil of the University of Paris in in accordance with the author's plan of writing the
October, 1902. It proved to be a code of laws of book, which was to present the facts as clearly and
Hammurabi, king of the first Babylonian dynasty, concisely as possible, leaving the reader to draw his
about 2250 B. Č. This monument preserved in own conclusions.
and nature
of Trusts.
Laws older


402
[June 16,
THE DIAL
in oldon time.
Chronicles of an
Not many churches enjoy the dis-
The problems
If the three parties concerned in
old New England tinction of being in two towns at and methods of all labor disputes — labor, capital,
church parish.
industrial peace.
once, so that a man and his wife,
and the public, as Mr. Nicholas
worshipping in the same pew on a Sunday, may be Paine Gilman enumerates them should read that
sitting the husband in one town and his faithful author's book on “Methods of Industrial Peace"
helpmate in another. Yet this is exactly the situa (Houghton, Mifflin & Co.), they would without
tion of the old Byfield Congregational Church in doubt be made wiser thereby. The work is notice-
Essex County, Massachusetts. The parish com able for its disinterested breadth of view and for
prises parts of Newbury, Rowley, and Georgetown, its sober but hopeful outlook upon industrial rela-
and dates from 1702. Its bicentennial celebration, tionship. Mr. Gilman's object in writing the book,
as some readers may remember, was held two sum as he states, is to consider methods of establishing
mers ago, when Dr. E. E. Hale addressed a large au industrial peace, and, more specifically, the problem
dience both of residents and of “old home week of preventing strikes and lockouts. He discusses
visitors, taking for his theme the bistorical associa the various means available for the adjustment of
tions of the county; and Professor John Louis disputes, - collective bargaining, the sliding scale,
Ewell, D.D., of Howard University, and an old conciliation, and arbitration. He advocates allowing
Byfielder, gave the local historical address. These labor and capital to settle their own differences ;
discourses, with much other matter, Dr. Ewell has yet at the same time he recognizes the public as the
now published in handsome form, with numerous final arbiter between them. His chapters on the
portraits, views, maps and plans, the whole entitled incorporation of industrial unions (a term he uses
* The Story of Byfield” (George E. Littlefield, to include trusts and labor-unions), and on the legal
Boston). In its ancestry, as also in its progeny, regulation of labor disputes in New Zealand, are
the parish has reason to take pride; and Dr. Ewell's interesting and suggestive. It is through the en-
scholarly and attractive volume deserves a cordial lightenment of all classes of society, and especially
welcome at the hands of all her sons and daughters, trades-unionists, as to the conditions actually pre-
and of all interested in local New England history. vailing, that there is hope of industrial peace.
It is curious to note how many of our “first fami-
lies” are in some way, more or less directly, con-
Not many years since, English lovers
London life
nected with this little Paritan parish of Byfield.
of antiquarian lore were regaled with
books of a certain so-called "Bygone
The founder of
Just a hundred years before the cul. Series,” which told of curious customs and institu-
the poor colony" mination of the Reform movement tions of the olden days in the different counties of
of Georgia.
in England, James Oglethorpe, a
England. A book by Mr. G. L. Apperson on “By.
member of Parliament, headed a plan for the bet gone London Life" (Pott) is a wholly independent
terment of persons imprisoned for debt. They publication, although it pursues a similar vein of
were to be transported free to America, to found research. It purports to present “ Pictures from a
& colony “in the same parallel a8 Palestine, and vanished past," of life in the great English metrop-
pointed out by God's own choice." The world olis during the seventeenth and eighteenth centu-
scale of the proposition attracted unusual attention. ries, when restaurants and coffee-houses were 80
As Pope said,
intimately connected with the life of the people as
“One driven by strong benevolence of soul
to be incorporated in the literature of the time;
Shall fly like Oglethorpe from pole to pole."
when the “swells" outswelled the dandies of every
Unlike many similar projects, this one was car. other period; when a love for the extraordinary
ried out, entirely through Oglethorpe's persistence. fostered the equipment of small private enterprises
Debtors, paupers, Salzburgers, — the poor and op intended to serve as “museums"; and when the
pressed of many lands, - made up the first settlers
the first settlers bellmen, the watermen (for the Thames was then
in Georgia. Miss Harriet C. Cooper has added a a great highway), the linkmen, and the charmen
life of this reformer, warrior, and statesman, to were conspicuous and highly characteristic figures of
the “Historic Lives" series (Appleton). It re the London streets. The book is by no means ex-
lates briefly the birth of the philanthropic scheme, haustive of those things which differentiated the
the planting of the colony, the movements of Ogle- London life that then was from that which now is;
thorpe during the twelve years that he spent partly but it helps us to understand more fully the books
in America, and the wars with the Spanish, which written two centuries ago which we still read.
occupied most of his time on this side the water.
Whitefield plays an important part in the narrative.
« THE Romantic School in France" will form the
There is little attempt at eulogy, but the reader
fifth volume in Dr. George Brandes's work on “ Main
feels that the difficulties that beset the infant colony,
Currents in Nineteenth Century Literature," published
with the reasons for its failure as a philanthropic by the Macmillan Co. The great figures with which
this volume deals are Hugo, de Musset, George Sand,
experiment, might have been dwelt on at greater
Balzac, Beyle, Mérimée, Gautier, and Sainte-Beuve.
length without detracting from the courage and
In particular the author discusses the literature of the
persistence of Oglethorpe. Here is where his quali. French romantic school in its relation to the social and
ties as a leader were shown to greatest advantage. | political movements of the day.


1904 ]
403
THE DIAL
work is very thoroughly done, and the compilers have
NOTES.
supplied the titles with annotations judiciously selected
A new volume of short stories by Mrs. Mary E.
and condensed from the leading critical notices of the
works entered.
Wilkins Freeman, entitled “The Givers," will be pub-
lished this month by Messrs. Harper & Brothers.
Early in September Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
An article on Millet's drawings, liberally illustrated
will publish “ The Affair at the Inn,” which Mrs. Kate
with excellent reproductions, is the feature of chief in-
Douglas Wiggin, the author of “ Rebecca,” has written
terest in the May issue of “The Burlington Magazine.”
in collaboration with three of her British friends, –
Jane Findlater, Mary Findlater, and Allan McAulay.
A volume of literary essays by Professor Brander
Matthews will be published next fall by Messrs. Dodd,
“Cornish Ballads and Other Poems ” is the title given
Mead & Co., under the title, “ Recreations of an
to a new edition of the collected verse of R. S. Hawker,
Anthologist.
the Vicar of Morwenstow. It is more complete than
Mr. Harry Alonzo Cushing of the New York Bar is
any previous collection of Hawker's poems, and is judi-
editing the writings of Samuel Adams, in three vol-
ciously edited by Mr. C. E. Byles. Mr. John Lane is
umes, for the Messrs. Putnams' series devoted to the
the publisher.
Fathers of the Republic.
“ The Brownings and America,” by Miss Elizabeth
The Macmillan Co. send us Mr. Owen Wister's “The
Porter Gould, is a publication of the Poet-Lore Co.
The book is an interesting miscellany of facts relating
Virginian” in a cheap paper-covered reprint, which
to the early American appreciation of the two poets,
should considerably enlarge the circle of readers of that
their American friends, and their comments upon
vastly entertaining book.
American affairs.
The “ Poems of Thomas Campbell,” selected and
arranged by Professor Lewis Campbell, is the latest
After several years of labor, Mr. Thomas Wright has
volume added to the “Golden Treasury Series” pub-
completed his arrangement and annotation of the Let-
lished by the Macmillan Co.
ters of William Cowper, and the collection will be pub-
lished in the early autumn by Messrs. Dodd, Mead & Co.
To “ The Adventnres of Philip" are devoted volumes
The edition will contain letters wholly or in part new to
XV. and XVI. of the “Kensington” subscription edi the number of two hundred and thirty-seven.
tion of Thackeray, now in course of publication by
6 A Concise Dictionary of the French and English
Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons.
Languages," by Mr. F. E. A. Gasc, is published by
The authors of “The Lightning Conductor," a novel
Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. It is a small but thick
whose popularity shows no signs of abatement, have
book of nearly a thousand three-column pages, and the
arranged with Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. for the publi-
price is moderate enough to place the work within the
cation early next year of a new automobile romance.
reach of every beginner in the study of French.
In response to the demand for a popular reprint of
“ The Dangers and Sufferings of Robert Eastburn,
General Henry B. Carrington's “ The Battles of the
and his Deliverance from Indian Captivity,” is reprinted
American Revolution,” Messrs. A. S. Barnes & Co. will
from the original edition of 1758, and edited, with in-
800n issue a new edition of that work at a moderate
troduction and notes, by Mr. John R. Spears. This
price.
is the first volume in a series called “Narratives of
In “ The Story of the Red Cross," to be published Captivities" projected and published by the Bu
this month by the Messrs. Appleton, Miss Clara Barton Brothers Co.
will give an account of the work of the Red Cross
The famous Oxford India paper, the use of which
Society, and of her own eventful experiences as its
has hitherto been confined almost wholly to books
president.
issued by the Oxford University Press, will be utilized
“ Radium and All about It," by Mr. L. R. Bottone, in a special edition, bound in flexible leather, of the
is a pamphlet publication of the Macmiilan Co. It
collection of “ English and Scottish Popular Ballads"
comes fairly up to its ambitious title, and presents the recently issued by Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. in
facts now known about the new element in lucid and not
their “Cambridge" series.
too popular style.
The letters of John Ruskin to Charles Eliot Norton,
Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. announce that the which are attracting considerable attention as they
volume on Georgia in the “ American Commonwealths' appear in the Atlantic Monthly, will be published in
series is to be written by Dr. Ulrich B. Phillips of the book form by Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. next
University of Wisconsin, author of a previous work on autumn. Professor Norton was Ruskin's closest Amer-
Georgia and State Rights."
ican friend, and their correspondence, beginning in 1855,
A volume entitled “ Ruskin Relics” has been pre continued practically until Ruskin's death.
pared by Mr. W. G. Collingwood, and is published by “ The John P. Branch Historical Papers of Randolph-
Messrs. T. Y. Crowell & Co. It is a profusely illus Macon College " are published annually by the history
trated work, and the text is more interesting than one department of that institution. No. 4 of the series
might imagine from a statement of its subject.
is now at hand, and contains four important contribu-
An article by Mr. Alfred W. Pollard on “ Some tions — three of them biographical in character, and
Italian Manuscripts and Early Types" is an interesting the fourth a selection of articles reprinted from the
feature of the June issue of “ The Printing Art," a « Richmond Inquirer” of nearly a century ago.
magazine that steadily continues to make itself indis-
A folio reprint of the minor works of Tacitus has
pensable to all concerned with the field it covers. lately been completed by Mr. D. B. Updike at the Mor-
“Writings on American History, 1902,” is the title rymount Press, and is now offered to subscribers in
of a valuable bibliography prepared by Messrs. Ernest a limited edition of unusual typographical distinction.
Cushing Richardson and Anson Ely Morse, and pub- Early in the coming fall Mr. Updike will have ready
lished at Princeton by the Library Book Store. The a volume containing Ascanio Condivi's contemporary
66


404
(June 16,
THE DIAL
biography of Michelangelo, as newly translated by Mr. Wilhelm Lübke's “Outlines of the History of Art,"
Herbert P. Horne. In this work the “Montallegro for many years one of the most popular, useful, and
type, designed by Mr. Horne for the Merrymount Press, authoritative works accessible to the public, has been
will be used for the first time.
taken in hand by Mr. Russell Sturgis, who has minutely
“ The Better New York,” by Dr. William H. Tolman revised it throughout, making of it a strictly new edi-
and Mr. Charles Hemstreet, is a sort of guide-book to
tion and something more.
As the editor truly says,
the city, placing its main stress upon the various relig “ the history of art which is possible to-day was un-
ious, educational, and charitable agencies. The work
thinkable in 1860". the date when Lübke's “Grun-
is planned in eleven sections, thus making it a very driss” first appeared. In its present form the work
practical aid to the investigations of the sociological consists of two very large volumes, and has many hun-
student. It is published by the Baker & Taylor Co. dreds of illustrations. It is published by Messrs. Dodd,
Mr. John T. McCutcheon's “ Bird Center Cartoons” Mead & Co.
have cheered and enlivened the readers of the Chicago One of the most meritorious of the popular art series
“ Tribune” for many months past. They have recently now issuing is “ Newnes's Art Library,” published in this
been collected into a volume, supplied with a running country by Messrs. Frederick Warne & Co. Volumes
commentary, and published by Messrs. A. C. McClurg on Botticelli, Velasquez, and Reynolds have already
& Co. Mr. McCutcheon's text is quite as droll as his made their appearance, and others are in active prepara-
drawings, and the volume that contains them both is a tion. The text occupies but a few pages in each case,
source of unmixed delight.
comprising a succinct sketch of the artist and a list of
An interesting announcement comes to us from the
his principal works. The illustrations have foremost
J. B. Lippincott Co. of a series in preparation by that
place in the plan, and are numerous enough to represent
house devoted to “ French Men of Letters,” planned on
even the most prolific of painters with some degree of
much the same lines as Mr. Morley's great undertaking adequacy. In reproduction and printing, the plates are
Mr. Alexander Jessup is named as general editor of the
uncommonly good examples of half-tone work; and in
enterprise, and in the first two volumes to appear M.
addition each volume has a frontispiece in photogravure.
Ferdinand Brunetière will deal with Balzac and Profeg.
A work of unusual value and timeliness in view of the
sor Edward Dowden with Montaigne.
current discussion of American marriage and divorce
“ A Manual of Pronunciation,” by Mr. Otis Ashmore, problems will be published at once by the University
is a useful little book published by Messrs. Ginn & Co.
of Chicago Press, in the “ History of Matrimonial
It gives in parallel columns a selection of words diversely
Institutions,” by Professor George E. Howard, for ten
pronounced, and with each word gives the pronunciation
years head of the Department of History in Leland
preferred by a number of standard dictionaries. Four
Stanford Jr. University. This three-volume work pre-
American and six English authorities are thus referred
sents a complete historical survey of the development
of the family as an institution and of the matrimonial
to, making it possible to see at a glance what pronun-
ciation of any particular word is favored by the weight practices that obtained in the various and typical
of opinion.
stages of its growth, analyzing primitive customs and
carefully tracing the evolution of the modern insti-
A volume upon the “ Elementary Principles of Eco-
tution. The history of marriage and divorce in the
nomics,” to which is joined a short sketch of economic
United States constitutes a separate part, and is the
history, is published through the Macmillan Co. as
most complete presentation of the subject now avail-
a text for school use. It is the work of Professors
able. All the laws enacted in all the states since the
Richard T. Ely and George Ray Wicker, and presents in
Revolution have been examined, and the essentials em-
lucid form the principles of economic science as viewed
by the most modern students of the subject. The book
bodied in an interesting narrative. The whole is sup-
plemented by the most complete bibliography of the
is well-appointed for educational purposes, and may be
subject ever compiled, together with an index of the
recommended for school use.
cases cited and a subject index.
The introduction by Dr. James K. Hosmer to Messrs.
It is announced that a reorganization has taken place
A. C. McClurg & Co.'s forthcoming reprint of the Jour in the well-known house of D. Appleton & Company,
nal of Sergeant Patrick Gass will be devoted to an ac-
Mr. Joseph H. Sears being appointed President of the
count of “ The Rank and File of the Lewis and Clark
corporation, to succeed Mr. William W. Appleton, who
Expedition," in which Dr. Hosmer presents whatever
resigns the position to become Chairman of the Board
details are known regarding not only the doughty Gass, of Directors. Messrs. Charles A. and Edward D.
but all the other men comprising the expedition. It is Appleton retire from the board, and are succeeded by
fitting that this should be done, as so much has been
Mr. Sears and Mr. George S. Emory, the latter being
written of the Captains that the humbler figures of the also made a Vice-President. The reasons given for these
others who by their devotion and bravery made the
changes are that in view of the increasing responsibili-
great journey a success have been somewhat obscured.
ties of Messrs. Edward D. and Charles A. Appleton
“ The Statesman's Year-Book "grows a little stouter, as managers, respectively, of the Chicago and Boston
and, if possible, a little more useful every year. The offices of the corporation, they find difficulty in attend-
volume now before us is the forty-first annual publica- ing Board meetings iv New York, and voluntarily resign
tion of the work, and is edited by Dr. J. Scott Keltie, to make room for men on the ground. In assuming the
with the assistance of Mr. I. P. A. Renwick. Its Chairmanship of the Board of Directors, Mr. William W.
special feature is a series of statistical tables and dia Appleton will be so occupied with the work entailed by
grams illustrating the development of British trade that position that he cannot attend to the duties of the
from 1860 to 1904. The maps, also, bear largely upon Presidency as well. The house of Appleton has had
this subject. The volume contains nearly fourteen hun one of the oldest and most honorable careers of any in
dred pages, and is published, as heretofore, by the the American trade, and the best wishes of all will fol.
Macmillan Co.
low it under its new management.





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