methods are to be carried,
of their most successful volumes run up to sixty,
how they blend and coöperate, are important seventy, eighty thousands of copies. They are
practical questions. On this point, our author
as famous in their domain as Sardou, Augier,
makes some pointed and useful suggestions.
the younger Dumas and Labiche are in the
literature of the French stage. Two of them
“All sciences as they progress tend to grow deductive.
This is illustrated in the growing application of mathe-
have had works crowned by the French Aca-
matics, or the science of quantity, to the physical demy (Ohnet's “Serge Panine” and Daudet's
sciences. It holds good, however, of all branches of "Fromont Jeune et Risler Ainé”), and Feuillet
science. Thus, for example, it applies to grammar and
is one of the “Forty Immortals.” It is natural
the science of language. At first, men had to observe
and analyze the facts, the various forms and connec-
that a batch of new novels from such hands
tions of words, as used in every-day speech, and to dis should excite great expectations, and great
cover the laws which govern them. But the laws once expectations usually entail serious disappoint-
reached, the science takes on a deductive form, that is,
ments. In this instance there are some com-
sets out with definitions and principles and traces out
their results."
pensations; and perhaps it is the class of books
From these principles, or observed facts of his-
to which the latest products of these writers
torical development, the conclusion is reached : belong, rather than these particular samples,
“The proper order of exposition, or the method of
which ought to be condemned.
teaching, may deviate from the natural order of arriving
The most disagreeable surprise among recent
at knowledge by the individual mind left to itself. In
French novels is Daudet's 66 Sapho." Daudet
other words, the method of instruction' differs from is a favorite among Americans as well as in
the method of discovery,' though the natural order
France. “Fromont Fils et Risler Ainé"
should never be lost sight of, while it may be unneces-
sary to re-travel over all the inductive steps by which (which is better known as “Sidonie” in this
the race has arrived at these principles."
country) and “Le Nabab” gave him world-
Enough, perhaps, has been given to illustrate wide fame, though he had long been a success-
the practical turn which is given to every sub-
ful writer of newspaper feuilletons, novelettes,
ject treated in this work. Selections might be and light plays. His character-drawing secured
made from the chapters on the Emotions and for him favorable comparison with Dickens,
on the Will, all suggestive of wise methods to and his scene-painting was as delightful as Bret
the thoughtful reader. We find no startling
Harte's. It is irritating to find such rare talent
statements, no extreme views. The tone prostituted to depraved taste.
"Sapho" is a
throughout is rather conservative, and yet all
Par Alphonse Daudet.
that is valuable in the utterances of the phy Paris: G. Charpentier et Cie.
LA VEUVE. Par Octave Feuillet. Paris : Colman Levy.
siological psychologists is given due place and
weight. The language is clear and sufficiently
concise, quite free from the burden of abstract LE PIGEON. Par Adolphe Belot. Paris : E. Dentu.
and technical phraseology that appear so for-
SAPHO.
* Meurs Parisiennes."
Par Georges
LIAE FLEURON. "Les Batailles de la Vie."
Ohnet. Paris : Paul Allendorff.
Roman Parisien. Par Jules Claretie.
LE PRINCE ZILLAH.
Paris : E. Dentu.


1884.]
171
THE DIAL
her son.
64
The germs
romance of lust; nothing more nor less. The marry again, in deference to her husband's
heroine is a notorious woman of Paris, who dying wish, and even to threaten her with the
takes the soubriquet which forms the title of return of her husband's spirit to torment her
the book from a bust for which she served as a life if she neglects the solemn warning. Mau-
model. The classical scholar will hold her rice is taken prisoner, and it is a year and a half
well named. Rather late in life, for such a before he returns to his country home, where
woman, she forms a liaison with a young man, his mother lives a neighbor to his friend's
whose career she ruins and whom she finally attractive widow, and has improved their inti-
deserts. That is the whole of the story, which macy to prepare
the way, in a fond motherly
is merely diversified by stormy scenes of pas spirit, for an alliance between Marianne and
sion. All the incidents and episodes are of the
Maurice comes home oppressed with
same libidinous character, and they are more the duty of communicating to Marianne her
repulsive than Zola's stories of the slums, for husband's dying request ---- a duty which has
men of talent and position are stripped of all weighed heavily upon him from the moment it
the decencies of life and a woman of a higher was assumed. He has cherished a peculiar
grade than Nana is endowed with more than prejudice always against his friend's wife,
Nana's depravity. The only redeeming feature whom he has never seen, and Marianne reflects
in the book is found in rare and brief glimpses the feeling in a vague sort of way. They
of the domestic life of a country gentleman's meet, and Maurice finds the young widow so
family in the grape-growing district of Southern charming that he seeks excuses for postponing
France the paternal household of Sapho's the message he bears from the grave, though
victim. Aside from this, the book is beastly, never for a moment abandoning his intention
with none of the charm and vivacity of Henri to deliver it. An intriguing aunt of Marianne's,
Murger's “Vie de Bohème" or Balzac's sketches who is ambitious to marry her son to the rich
io atone for the lawless life described. George widow, brings about a scene in which Maurice,
Sand once said of Zola and Daudet, that “neither in order to relieve himself of the imputation of
of them is concerned before all things with what seeking Marianne's hand in marriage, warns her
to me is the object of art-beauty." Before the of her husband's terrible injunction, and vindi-
publication of Sapho” Daudet's admirers cates his own honor.
of love have
might have resented and disputed this criti been planted in the breasts of both, and Mau-
cism, but not now. There are women like Sapho rice suddenly terminates his leave of absence to
undoubtedly -- and she was consistently fiendish fly from the fascination which threatens him with
to the end — but they ought not to be put in disloyalty to his dead friend. Marianne engages
books; there is no beauty nor health in them. herself to her cousin in pique, and when their
To turn from “Sapho” to “La Veuve” is approaching marriage is announced, Maurice
much like suddenly emerging from a noisome reti'ns, as he feels in duty bound, to repeat
swamp with stagnant pools into green hills his warning. Marianne, influenced more by the
with clear, rippling brooks. The author of presence of Maurice than by his censorship,
"Le Roman d'un Jeune Homme Pauvre” has finds easily a justification for breaking with
retained all the charm of thought and diction her cousin, who is a sordid and vulgar fellow.
with which he delighted his public twenty She begs her husband's friend to assist her
years ago. “La Veuve" is a short story which with his counsel and superior strength, and
may be described as a French counterpart of a Maurice, confusing duty with desire, remains.
Henry James novelette more dramatic, as The Platonic relation cannot endure. Maurice
French stories are sure to be, but distinguished is at last forced to choose between his honor
by the same beautiful writing and by the same and his love. He is resolved to defeat tempta-
refinement of character and motive. Two tion by flight; Marianne concedes his duty to
young men, one an army officer and the other himself and his friend, but at the parting inter-
in the navy, are separated by their professions view falls desolate and crushed. Maurice is over.
after constant intimacy and sworn friendship come by the great love he feels and receives,
from childhood. Robert marries a beautiful and it supplants for the time the strong senti-
and accomplished young girl, and renounces ment of friendship and honor. They marry.
his profession from his desire to remain with But Maurice wanders forth after the wedding
his wife. Maurice, his friend, resents the sacri breakfast, already dejected at the thought of
fice of Robert's future, and is disposed to hold life-long remorse, passes by the little sanctuary
Marianne, the wife, responsible without know in the roadway where Robert and he had sworn
The Franco-Prussian war brings the eternal friendship before the rude wooden cross
two friends together on the battle-field. Robert when they were boys, and, maddened by his
is mortally wounded, and requires from Mau exaggerated estimate of his loss of honor, kills
rice, as a last act of friendship, that he shall himself. The ending is tragic, but inevitable.
swear to go to Marianne, conjure her never to It is impossible to convey in a bare skeleton
ing her.


172
[Nov.,
THE DIAL
amuse.
the delicacy of sentiment and intensity of con- gested by Poe's ; but there is sufficient origin-
flict worked out in Feuillet's fancy. There is ality and interest in the former to put plagiarism
nothing morbid about it; it is free from the out of the question. Both are ingenious, with
taint of boulevard literature; it is fascinating the difference that the “Gold-Bug” is weird
in style and sentiment.
and improbable, while “Le Pigeon” is dram-
“ Lise Fleuron,” by the author of “Serge atic and real.
Panine” and “Le Maitre de Forges,” is a story “ Le Prince Zillah” does not sustain the
of the coulisses and the Bourse. As such, it high reputation as a novel-writer earned by
could not well avoid intrigue and scandal ; but Claretie in "Monsieur le Ministre,” “La Maison
Ohnet might have spared his heroine, who is in Vide," and two or three other books. It is a
every way a lovely character, the blight of story of Hungarian and gypsy passion in Paris
being a mistress instead of a wife. His story life. It is not clean, but it escapes the degra-
would actually have been stronger, and might dation of a large proportion of the current
have been wrought out upon precisely the same French novels. The critical situation in the
lines, if the ambitious young gambler who is book is dramatic, and there is some good writ-
finally ruined by the deceptions of a French ing in it, especially the description of a news-
Jay Gould and the devoted young actress paper Bohemian's garret and the interior of a
whose life is sacrificed to him had been man madhouse, but it has not the interest of “ Lise
and wife. But that would not have been Fleuron” and none of the charm of “La
entirely French. The book, in dimensions and Veuve.”
character, is much more entitled to be called a One cannot run through a number of samples
novel than any of the others mentioned in this of contemporaneous French fiction without
article. It develops a lively interest from the concluding that the French novel, like Paris
start. The characters are marked by strong itself, is sustained for the delectation of those
individuality, and some of the scenes such in search of pleasure ; the difference is that
as the reading of a new play to a dramatic Paris is renovated and adorned, and the novel
company, the rehearsals, the home life of a is defiled and polluted as a rule, in order to
struggling actress who resists the allurements
of rich patrons, a dramatic performance in the
JAMES B. RUNNION.
provinces, and especially the death-bed of Lise
are drawn by the hand of a true artist.
Perhaps an early death saves the poor girl from
the degradation of those with whom she is MORE OF CARLYLE'S MEMOIRS.*
associated, though her nature is so beautiful
There is no apology in the introductory
and unselfish that it might have escaped pollu- chapter of the concluding volumes of the biog-
tion. The story is very entertaining and, on
raphy of Thomas Carlyle.
There was
the whole, not so offensive to good morals and apology to be given. The story of a great
good taste as many of its kind.
man's life has been told by one large enough
“Le Pigeon,” by the sensational writer of
to comprehend him, to appreciate his high
“L'Article 47,” “Les Étrangleurs,” and other qualities, and to understand how trifling in
stories of the same calibre, is at once an agree comparison were the frailties which marred
able surprise and a deception.
It is a volume his character.
Mr. Froude has performed the
made up of several short stories the most difficult task imposed upon him as the literary
pretentious furnishing the title - which are
executor of his friend and teacher, with honor-
told to the flowers during a summer vacation.
able fidelity and eminent skill. He has incurred
One of them is a pretty and sympathetic child's
severe censure during the accomplishment of
story “Le Bébé Incassable” - which might his duty ; but in simple and dignified words,
be read aloud in the family circle with delight occurring here and there as occasion served in
to the young folks ; such a recital was scarcely these concluding volumes, he has explained the
to be expected from Belot. But he justifies terms which Carlyle required of him in the
the French contempt for the fitness of things publication of his reminiscences and personal
by binding within the same covers a disgusting history, and how in the fulfilment of the sacred
farce " Trois Blancs dont Un Negre'
which has not a single redeeming feature. obligation he could do no otherwise than he has
This final portion of the biography,
“Le Pigeon,” the chief story in the book, bears
considered by itself, is a noble work, marked
a marked resemblance to Edgar Poe's “ Gold-
by such conscientiousness of purpose, such
Bug.” Both are accounts of the discovery of
devotion to truth, such keen perception of
hidden treasures --- it was Captain Kidd's in character, and such signal talent, as make it
Poe's sketch - through cipher-writing on an
* THOMAS CARLYLE: A HISTORY OF HIS LIFE IN LONDON,
old parchment. The methods are so similar
that it is not unlikely Belot's story was sug-
no
Two Volumes.
1834-1881. By James Anthony Froude, M.A.
New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.


1884.]
173
THE DIAL
plain why the author was chosen by Carlyle as much of Cheyne Row and its inhabitants as Mrs. Carlyle
the fit man for the undertaking. Mr. Froude
would encourage. I had exchanged letters occasionally
with her and her husband, but purely on external
reflects, in the execution of his charge, the
subjects, and close personal intimacy there had as yet
spirit of him whom he speaks of as his “master, been none. In the autumn of that year, however,
and deepens one's respect for himself as he London became my home. Late one afternoon in the
does for the man whose life and work he has
middle of the winter, Carlyle called on me, and said that
he wished to see more of me - wished me, in fact, to
commemorated.
be his companion, so far as I could, in his daily rides
It was in 1849 that Mr. Froude became or walks. Ride with him I could not, having no horse ;
personally acquainted with Mr. Carlyle. He but the walks were most welcome --- and from that date,
had been a student or a Fellow at Oxford during for twenty years, up to his own death, except when
either or both of us were out of town, I never ceased to
the agitation over the “ Tracts for the Times,
see him twice or three times a week, and to have two or
and, as he writes, had been
three hours conversation with him."
“ saved by Carlyle's writings from Positivism, or In this close companionship with Carlyle,
Romanism, or Atheism, or any other of the creeds or
Mr. Froude was struck first by his tenderness
no creeds which in those days were whirling us about in
Oxford like leaves in an autumn storm.
toward all living creatures.
Carlyle taught me a creed which I could then accept as
“I found that personal sympathy with suffering lay
really true ; which I have held ever since with increas-
at the root of all his thoughts. * * His conversation,
ing confidence, as the interpretation of my existence when we were alone, was even more surprising to me.
and the guide of my conduct, so far as I have been I found him impatient of nothing but of being bored ;
able to act up to it. Then and always I looked, and gentle, quiet, tolerant ; sadly-humored, but never ill-
have looked, to him as my master. In a long personal humored. * * * Even in his laughter he was always
intimacy of over thirty years, I learned to reverence serious. I never heard a trivial word from him, nor one
the more profoundly as I honored the teacher.”
which he had better have left unuttered. He cared
Mr. Carlyle was not favorably inclined to nothing for money, nothing for promotion in the world.
If his friends gained a step anywhere, he was pleased
Mr. Froude before meeting him.
with it, but only as worldly advancement might give
“I had written something, not wisely, in which
them a chance of wider usefulness. Men should think
heterodoxy was flavored with the sentimentalism which of their duty, he said ; let them do that, and the rest,
he so intensely detested. He had said of me, that I
as much as was essential, would be added to them.”
ought to burn my own smoke and not trouble other
people's nostrils with it. Nevertheless, he was willing ing which Carlyle disclosed in these conversa-
Mr. Froude speaks of the marvellous learn-
to see what I was like."
tions.
In describing his first visit to Cheyne Row, intellectual curiosity unbounded.
His memory was prodigious and his
He had a
Mr. Froude observes :
minute familiarity with English, French, Ger-
" I did not admire him the less because he treated me man and Italian literatures, and never stopped
- I cannot say unkindly, but shortly and sternly. I
after reading a book until he had learned
saw then what I saw ever after — that no one need look
for conventional politeness from Carlyle ; he would
all that was possible of its author. He sel-
have the exact truth from him and nothing else.”' dom attended church, but faith in a divine
The impression which Mrs. Carlyle left upon
Providence he always retained. Says his
Mr. Froude's mind at the time is related as
biographer:
follows:
“ He was perplexed by the indifference with which
the Supreme Power was allowing its existence to be
“Her features were not regular, but I thought I had
obscured. I once said to him, not long before his
never seen a more interesting-looking woman. Her
death, that I could only believe in a God which did
hair was raven black; her eyes dark, soft, sad, with something. With a cry of pain, which I shall never
dangerous light in them. Carlyle's talk was rich, full,
forget, he said, 'He does nothing.'”
and scornful; hers delicately mocking. She was fond
of Spedding (a friend present), and kept up a quick,
It was the wish, amounting to a command,
sparkling conversation with him, telling him stories at of Carlyle, that the memorials of himself and
her husband's expense, at which he laughed himself as his wife should appear in the order they here
heartily as we did. It struck me then, and I found
followed; but could these last volumes have
always afterwards, that false sentiment, insincerity,
cant of any kind, would find no quarter either from wife been published prior to the letters of Mrs.
or husband ; and that one must speak truth only, and, Carlyle, it would have ensured a clear under-
if possible, think truth only, if one wished to be standing of them and precluded many harsh
admitted into that house on terms of friendship. They and unjust judgments.
and unjust judgments. Mr. Froude explains,
told me that I might come again. I did not then live
in London, and had few opportunities ; but if the
with great delicacy but entire conclusiveness,
chance offered, I never missed it.”
the causes of the domestic unhappiness which
The account of the personal intercourse prevailed for many years at Cheyne Row, and
between Mr. Froude and Mr. Carlyle is as
of its final deliberate exposure to the world.
interesting as any part of the biography, and Carlyle's infirmities of temper are perfectly
its progress and results are exhibited in the well-known, but, as his biographer states:
ensuing passages :
“His faults, which in his late remorse he exagger-
ated, as men of noblest natures are most apt to do,
“ Up to 1860 I had lived in the country. I had paid his impatience, his irritability, his singular melancholy,
frequent visits to London, and while there had seen as which made him at times distressing as a companion,


174
[Nov.,
THE DIAL
were the effects of temperament first, and of a life, Mrs. Carlyle enjoyed a return of confi-
peculiarly sensitive organization; and, secondly, of
dence in her husband's affection and their
absorption in his work and of his determination, to dep happiness was again as perfect as in the early
that work as well as it could possibly be done.
There never was a man I at least never knew one part of their marriage. But she was now
whose conduct in life would better bear the fiercest gradually fading away, and the circumstances
light which can be thrown upon it. In the grave mat-
of her sudden death in Carlyle's absence, are
ters of the law he walked for 85 years unblemished by
single moral spot. There are no sins of youth to be pathetically depicted by the biographer. As
apologized for. In no instance did he ever deviate even he looked upon her lifeless frame, he says:
for a moment from the strictest lines of integrity. * *
" There was an expression in her face which was not
Tender-hearted and affectionate he was beyond all
sleep, and which, long as I had known her, resembled
men whom I have ever known."
nothing which I had ever seen there. The forehead,
The love between Carlyle and his wife was
which had been contracted in life by continued pain,
profound and constant. They respected and
had spread out to its natural breadth, and I saw for
the first time how magnificent it was. The brilliant
admired each other's talents and character.
mockery, the sad softness with which the mockery
They were excellent comrades, but, unfortu alternated, both were alike gone. The features lay
nately, too much alike; and therefore, despite composed in a stern majestic calm. I have seen many
the affectionate nature of their union, were not
faces beautiful in death, but never any so grand as
hers. I can write no more of it. I did not then know
perfectly mated. Mrs. Carlyle was charming,
Mrs. Carlyle was charming, all her history. I knew only how she had suffered,
witty, brilliant, heroic and self-sacrificing, but and how heroically she had borne it.”
"affectionately playful as she naturally was, Froude's picture of Carlyle in death, fifteen
she had a 'hot temper,' as Carlyle had said, years later, belongs as a pendent here.
and a tongue, when she was angry, like a cat's,
“He lay calm and still, an expression of exquisite
which would take the skin off at a touch." A tenderness subduing his rugged features into feminine
good deal of sympathy has been excited beauty. I have seen something like it in Catholic
because Carlyle separated her from her mother.
pictures of dead saints, but never, before or since, on
any human countenance."
But the truth is, the ladies could not get along
together. “They loved each other dearly and
When Carlyle looked over his wife's papers
even passionately. They quarrelled daily and and journals, after she had gone, he saw for
made it up again.
the first time how much he had made her
Mrs. Carlyle, like her
husband, was not easy to live with.”
endure by his petulance and complaining. He
After Carlyle made the acquaintance of Lady had done it all unconsciously, but he was
a
His atonement
Ashburton, in 1813, the spectre of jealousy
haunted his wife's mind until near the close
was to publish her letters, that the world
of her life. It had no rational origin, but it might know how brilliant a light had gone out
persisted, destroying her happiness and cruelly
when her spirit left the earth, and also how
afflicting her husband. It occasioned violent
far he had come short of making that life
He
scenes between them; it estranged and embit- happy which had been allied with his.
tered Mrs. Carlyle and filled his heart with
gave the letters and memorials, after editing
unutterable sorrow. “Poor Carlyle!” exclaims them, to Mr. Froude for publication imme-
Mr. Froude writes:
Mr. Froude.
“Well might he complain of his diately after his decease.
loneliness! though he was himself in part the
“ This action of Carlyle's struck me as something so
beautiful, so unexampled in the whole history oi litera-
cause of it. Both he and she were noble and
ture, that I could but admire it with all my heart,
generous, but his was the soft heart, and hers Faults there had been; yes, faults no doubt, but such
the stern one.” Carlyle's letters to his wife faults as most married men commit daily and hourly,
during their frequent separations in these
and never think them faults at all; yet to him his con-
duct seemed so heinous that he could intend deliber-
years of difficulty, often move us to tears by ately that this record should be the only history that
their tenderness and love, and their entreaties was to survive of himself. In his most heroic life,
for a return of her trust. As Mr. Froude there was nothing more heroic, more characteristic of
remarks:
him, more indicative at once of his humanity and his
intense truthfulness."
" They threw strange lights on his domestic life, sad
Two years later, without warning, Carlyle
and infinitely touching. When he complains so often
of the burdens that were laid upon him, one begins to
sent to Mr. Froude the mass of matter out of
understand what he meant.
() Jeannie! (he which his own biography was to be constructed.
once wrote) you know nothing about me just now. He had found that a life or lives of him would
With all the clearnes3 of vision you have, your lynx be written after his death, and he preferred, as
eyez do not reach into the inner region of me, and
know not what is in my heart, what, on the whole, was
the deed could not be prevented, that his
always and will always be there. I wish you did, I
friend who best knew and loved him should
wish you did.'”
assupe the charge. In pursuance of the work,
Carlyle's mother was the only person who Mr. Froude has made copious extracts from
ever completely understood him, and the fond the letters of Carlyle, allowing him to disclose
ness of the two for each other was like that of himself, so far as was possible, in his own
lovers. In the last year and a half of her words. He has, however, added his interpre-


1884.]
175
THE DIAL
tation of Carlyle's motives and actions, and A CONSIDERABLE accession to the folk-lore of the
his criticisms upon Carlyle's successive writ- aborigines of America has been made by Mr. Charles
ings. In the whole composition, the biogra- G. Leland, whose talent in this line of research has
For
pher evinces an honest and single-hearted de-
been heretofore abundantly demonstrated.
sire to represent the man he was delineating among the Passamaquoddy and Penobscot tribes of
some two years past Mr. Leland has been gathering
impartially and faithfully. It is evident that Maine, and the Micmacs of New Brunswick, the
the law of truth, which was Carlyle's strongest remnants of their myths and traditions which have
characteristic, has been the ruling impulse of survived to the present day. His labor has been
Mr. Froude; and while we gain from him a rewarded by the discovery of upward of two hundred
fuller knowledge of the life and conduct of the tales belonging to a system of mythology which he
teacher, we get an insight into the principles declares to be far grander than that revealed to us
and methods of the pupil and the historian.
by the Chippewa or Iroquois Hiawatha legends, and
SARA A. HUBBARD.
having many points of similarity with the Eddas
and Sagas of the Scandinavians. To trace the
resemblance between the traditions of the Norsemen
of the old world and the red men of the new, has
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
afforded work for Mr. Leland peculiarly suited to his
tastes. A selection from this mass of folk-lore,
DR. Wm. HAND BROWNE'S “Maryland, the His-
arranged and edited by him, is given in the volume
tory of a Palatinate” — the third issue in Houghton, styled " The Algonquin Legends of New England”
Millin & Co.'s series of American Commonwealths"
(Houghton, Mifflin & Co.) The chief figure in the
- is a welcome and entertaining book. Its literary Algonquin mythology is Glooskap, a giant of more
execution and historical insight cannot be too highly appalling size and might, when fronting his enemies,
commended. The author has treated only that part than either Thor or Odin, yet the gentlest and friend-
of the history of Maryland which preceded the Rev-
liest of companions when seated at his hearth-stone.
olutionary war, of which the least is known, and
A circle of inferior heroes environs the chief Gloos-
while it was under the proprietary government of the kap, who possess soverally wierd and supernatural
several Lords Baltimore. As the chief editor of the
powers. Animals, also, figure in the myths, as en-
early Maryland Archives now passing through the chanters and witches exercising uncanny arts upon
press under the patronage of the State Assembly of helpless human beings. The tales have the fascina-
Maryland, Dr. Browne has special qualifications for
tion of fairy-lore, aside from their interest as clues to
writing the work. Compared with some of the other
the origin and affinities of the people among whom
colonies, the events in the history of Maryland were
they sprung into life.
The pictures, reproducing
rather tame and commonplace; and yet the condi the rude drawings of the Indians, are a valuable
tions of the settlement made them unique, and under feature of the collection.
the author's skilful treatment, they, with the social
customs arising therefrom, become instructive and COLONEL C. CHAILLÉ LONG is one of a number of
entertaining. Although nominally a Catholic colouy American soldiers who entered the military service of
and under Catholic rulers for the most part, a major- | the Khedive in 1870. From that time until after the
ity of the settlers, even at the start, were Protestants, destruction of Alexandria, in the summer of 1883, he
and the disparity in numbers kept on increasing. In was a resident of Egypt. In 1874 Col. Long joined
1675, when the third Lord Baltimore became the General Gordon in the expedition of the latter to
Proprietary, the Protestants outnumbered the Catho Soudan. He occupied the position of chief of Gor-
lics twelve to one. Religious toleration, therefore, don's staff for little more than a year, during which
became a political necessity; for the home govern time he displayed great bravery and boldness in ex-
ment would have resented any, abridgment of the ploration, making important discoveries about the
rights of the Protestants. It is to the credit, how head-waters of the Nile. His opportunities favored
ever, of the Catholic rulers that they never attempted a familiar acquaintance with the leading personages
to set up any religious test, and that they placed all and events involved in the history of Egypt during
religious denominations on an equal footing. This the entire period of his stay in the country, and
is more than the Church-of-England men did when from this knowledge he has written a little book
they came into power in 1692, after the accession of entitled “ The Three Prophets: Chinese Gordon,
William and Mary to the British throne.
The
Mohammed-Ahmed (El Maahdi), and Arabi Pasha,"
Assembly then thanked their Majesties for deliver (D. Appleton & Co.) Only a small part of the
ance from “a tyrannical Popish government under book relates directly to the three leaders mentioned
which they had long groaned," and made the Pro in the title, the bulk of it being filled with an ac-
testant Episcopal Church the established church of count of the brief but destructive warfare resulting
the province, laying a tax of forty pounds of tobacco from the rebellion of Arabi in 1883.
Col. Long
upon every person for its support, not excepting holds no flattering opinion of Gen. Gordon, regard-
Dissenters, Catholics, and Quakers. Dr. Browne ing him as a capricious, hypocritical adventurer,
gives the details of the very strange negotiations of rather than a hero worthy of admiration. It is his
honest William Penn in fixing the boundary line belief that Gordon and Arabi have both worked from
between Maryland and Pennsylvania, by which his the beginning in collusion with Downing Street to
sons got two and a half million acres of territory to carry out a grand plot for the delivery of Egypt into
which they had no shadow of claim.
The facts pre-
the power of the British Government, Gordon's re-
sented tend to confirm Lord Macaulay's estimate of ward to be in the end the vice-royalty of the Sou-
Penn's character.
dan. The idea appears most improbable when first


176
[Nov.,
THE DIAL
broached, yet Col. Long relates some singular cir- body knows they do, and the hundredth time do some-
cumstances which lend plausibility to it. He is thing nobody ever saw them do before. Thus, by
neither a lucid nor methodical writer, yet his narra watching and waiting, he has caught them at many
tive is interesting as that of an intelligent and effect an odd trick which reveals a hitherto unknown trait
ive actor in the scenes he describes.
and gives the scientist a clue he is glad of. Dr.
Abbott possesses an admirable style, simple, clear,
It was an unu
nusually happy thought which led to
and animated ; hence his book, with its fresh stories
the inclusion of a volume of selections from Milton's
of birds, quadrupeds, reptiles, and fishes, is adapted
prose in Appleton's Parchment Library. Reading to minds of every age and degree of culture.
of all sorts is furnished so abundantly at the present
day, and in forms so convenient, that even the great THE perusal of the memoirs of “The Countess of
reputation of Milton will not impel many to seek out Albany," by Vernon Lee, excites a desire to read
his prose writings in the huge folios where they some condensed and unaffected sketch of the woman,
have reposed so long, and from which they are not if such is to be had. After the ordeal of this stilted
likely, in their entirety, to emerge.
But there are
essay, some distinct and trustworthy idea of the
portions of these writings which have significance deserts of Madam d'Albany would be grateful. Ver-
for all ages, and no one who would be familiar with
non Lee asserts, with excessive flourish and repetition,
the chief glories of English literature can afford to that she was highly intellectual. This is a novel
neglect them. In them, hardly less than in his character to claim for her whom the world has remem-
poems, there is revealed the character of the man of bered chiefly as the unhappy wife of Charles Edward
whom Landor says: “ It may be doubted whether
the Pretender, and as the mistress of Alfieri. The
the Creator ever created one altogether so great.' author fortifies her assertion merely with the state-
Mr. Ernest Myers, in his introduction to the present ment that Madam d'Albany read enormously, and the
volume, very truly says: “Small indeed is the resi- profoundest writings in several languages. She does
due of prose from any pen that can be fully enjoyed not say that she read understandingly, or that the
two centuries, or even one, after it is written.'
To pursuit produced any enlarging or ennobling effect
this residue much of the prose of Milton unques upon her mind or morals. In short, her labored
tionably belongs; indeed, of all English prose left efforts to invest her with importance, and to convince
us from past centuries, there is none which may be us that in her complicated social relations she remained
ranked with the best of it. The fact that much for
ever a virtuous woman, fail of success.
The repute
which Milton contended has since been realized does of the Countess of Albany is undeniably the accident
little to lessen the value of these writings for our of her birth and position. It is not founded upon
day and generation, for that value lies in their spirit any specially strong individuality of her own. It
rather than their matter, and the contagion of that was her fate to be attached successively to two con-
exalted spirit must be ennobling in the remotest age. spicuous men, and although standing completely in
We have here the “Areopagitica ” and “The Tenure the shadows of both, the strong light thrown upon
of Kings and Magistrates” entire, as well as the
them necessarily brought her figure into prominence.
letter “On Education," and extracts from “The It is the first instance of a lack of good judgment
Reason of Church Government," from the tracts on
in choosing the subjects of the “Famous Women
the Smectymnuus controversy, from the “ Eikonok-Series;” and it is a singular coincidence that the
lastes,” and from other writings. The introductory writer of the number should have been equally
essay by Mr. Myers is well-written and judicious.
unsatisfactory. It is not often that so turgid and
ineffective a piece of literary work is brought to the
A CHARMING and valuable book is that in which
critic's notice. (
(Roberts Brothers.)
Dr. Charles C. Abbott describes “A Naturalist's
Rambles about Home” (D. Appleton & Co.) The AMONG other things brought out by the sharp
name of the author is familiar to the readers of “The discussion of economic questions incident to the
Popular Science Monthly,” “ The Naturalist,” and Presidential campaign, is a paper by Robert P.
periodicals of their class, as one carrying weight Porter, read before the Arkwright Club of Boston,
with it. Its owner is a fond lover and trained and last August, and now published in a cheap pamphlet
expert observer of nature. He has spent his life in by J. R. Osgood & Co., entitled " Protection and
the home of his forefathers, in a favored locality near Free Trade, To-day, at Home and Abroad, in Field
Trenton, New Jersey, where large tracts of wood and and Workshop.” It presents a compilation of facts
water are within easy walking distance. It has been gathered by the personal observation of the author
his rule, in starting out for a stroll, to have some in England, France, Germany, Holland, and Bel-
definite object in nature for special study on the gium, -Great Britain and Holland representing the
occasion, some one or another of the live creatures principle of Free-trade, and the other countries the
abiding or visiting in his vicinity to look for, in hope Protective policy. Mr. Porter writes with a fine
of discovering something new or interesting in its scorn of all theories of political economy, and never
habits. This custom, pursued from boyhood, has not ceases to proclaim his devotion to facts; but he does
only served as a delightful incentive to rambles in not scruple to ignore all facts that do not serve his
all sorts of weather and at all times of the year, but purpose. He proceeds on the assumption that the
has kept his senses in the best discipline and enabled policy of Free-trade is the cause of, and the policy of
him to accumulate a large store of accurate inform Protection will prove a cure-all for, the sad condition
ation in varied departments of natural history. By of things which he portrays as existing in the Free-
noting over and over the ways of bird and beast in trade countries; making no account of the many
their respective haunts, he has learned that ninety complicated other influences involved in all alterna-
nine times or so they may do the thing which every tions of financial prosperity and disaster, and ignor-


1884.]
177
THE DIAL
ing also the fact that the last twelve months mark a religion, mythology, art, literature, and science, is
period of great staguation and multiplied failures in rounded out, although in the most succinct language.
almost every branch of manufacturing industry in | At the conclusion, a series of valuable dynastic tables
our country, where the Protective policy is carried is presented. The work would serve usefully as a
out more completely than in any other region of the manual for schools, or for purposes of comparison in
globe. The paper is to be regarded only as a cam reading older and fuller histories which could not,
paign document, and as such it will doubtless serve like the present one, embody the results of the latest
its
purpose.
It may also tend to hasten the hour research. (Charles Scribner's Sons.)
when economic questions can be discussed and settled
on their merits, apart from the bias of either political MR. ALBERT Shaw's “Icaria: a Chapter in the
parties or of private interests.
History of Communism” (Putnam) is an interest-
ing and well-written account of one of the most
“ The Destiny of Man Viewed in the Light of his
Origin," is the subject of a lecture prepared by Mr.
instructive experiments ever made in actual com-
munistic life.
John Fiske for the Concord School of Philosophy, communism in the concrete, Icaria has illustrative
" As an example,” he well says, "of
and now put in the form of a book (Houghton, value beyond all proportion to its membership,
Mifflin & Co.) The little volume which deals with
wealth, and success. There have been larger and
this large subject will damage whatever claim the
writer may have had to the title of philosopher in any
more successful communistic experiments in the
United States, but for the student of social science
other than the Concord sense. His acceptance of
the laws of natural-selection and of the development
the history of Icaria is as superior to theirs in value
as the history of Greece is superior to that of China
of life upon the earth is full and unreserved; but,
having committed himself upon these points, he
for the student of political science." The study will
proceeds to construct sophistical distinctions between
be of especial importance at a time like this, when
all forms of socialistic theories are so eagerly dis-
man and the lower animals, in order to provide a
cussed. Simply as a narrative, Mr. Shaw's work is
support for the optimistic conclusions which he has
as fascinating as a romance. He has had the good
in view. It will strike many readers as most singu-
sense to write as a chronicler, without troubling
lar that a man of Mr. Fiske's abilities should be able
to argue himself into such a state of mind as honestly lying the events that he records.
himself to argue for or against the theories under-
His studies have
to entertain the fundamentally opposed conceptions been made and are presented in the true historical
of the principle of organic evolution on the one hand, spirit, and, as a contribution to the discussion of the
and of the unique position of the human species on
great social problems of the age, possess greater
the other. Scientific knowledge is brought into practical value than some far more pretentious
disrepute, rather than aided, by writings such as
works.
these. Mr. Fiske's vision of a future golden age
for mankind is harmless enough; but concerning the “WORKING Men Coöperators (Cassell) is the
future of the individual, his attitude is, from his title of a little book prepared by two English writ-
standpoint, untenable, and is defended by the most ers familiar with the subject, designed to set forth
desperate sophistry. He tells us that "there are the principles and methods of the coöperative
some minds inaccessible to the class of considera-
movement. It brings to view many interesting facts
tions here alleged, and perhaps there always will be.” respecting that movement in Great Britain, where it
It is certainly to be hoped, for the sake of science, has been followed up more extensively than else-
that such minds always will be found, and in ever where, with happy results. Very few attempts in
increasing numbers.
that direction have been made in our country, and
none that we know of have met with success. The
The history of “ The Ancient Empires of the little book is therefore well worth reading by our
East,” by Professor Sayce, of Oxford, exhibits the workingmen, both as a guide and an encouragement
solid workmanship which is to be looked for from a. to efforts which may improve their condition. The
philologist of his well-proved attainments. The mat extent of the British organizations will surprise most
ter comprising the volume is most compact, only 275 readers. “ The societies may be divided into three
duodecimo pages being allowed for the five divisions kinds : (a) About 1,200 distributive societies, or
treating respectively of Egypt, Babylonia, and Assy- retail stores, with 640,000 members and £6,000,000
ria, the Phoenicians, Lydia, and the Persian Empire. capital, the sales being annually about £18,000,000.
The work was written to accompany the author's (6) Two wholesale societies, one in England and
edition of the first three books of Herodotus, and one in Scotland, which are federations of these stores.
with the purpose not only of correcting the errors of The great societies have buyers in various parts
the Greek historian, but of presenting a sketch of of the world, and supply the needs of those stores
the ancient empires answering in accuracy of detail which deal with them. The sales of the English
to the demands of the present day. The continual society are about four and a half millions annually,
progress of discovery among the native monuments and of the Scottish society about one and a half
of these nations, renders necessary a frequent recast millions. (C) About twenty-two manufacturing or
ing of their history, even such recent authors as productive societies and five federal corn mills. The
Lenormant and Masters being outstripped by the total business done by these workingmen's societies
advance of archæological research. In the brief space in the last twenty years has been about two hundred
to which he has limited himself, Professor Sayce has and fifty millions, and the net profits upon this busi-
condensed a comprehensive yet particular account of ness have been about twenty millions, nearly all
the life of the great empires of ancient times. The of which has gone into the pockets of the working
outline of their geography, ethnology, chronology, | classes.” Besides this pecuniary benefit, the system


178
[Nov.,
THE DIAL
is shown to be very advantageous as an incitement
to the saving of wages and as a means of education
in the management of business, and the general con-
dition of those who participate in it is in every way
improved. The book gives full details of the man-
agement of the societies, and thus furnishes valuable
instruction to any who contemplate forming such
organizations. It would seem that our American
working people might advantageously adopt some
measures of this kind.
A SERIES of twelve Sunday evening lectures de-
livered last winter before the congregation of Mt.
Vernon Church, Boston, by the pastor, Dr. S. E. Her-
rick, has been published under the title of “Some Her-
etics of Yesterday” (Houghton, Mimin & Co.) The
aim of the lecturer was to trace the course of the
Reformation—the great revolt against traditionalism
and authority, as it is defined --- from its inception
by Tauler in Germany to the close of Wesley's
ministry in England, a period of five centuries. A
history of the twelve, chief Protestants who carried
on the great work, one after another, Tauler,
Wiclif, Huss, Savonarola, Latimer, Cranmer, Melanc-
thon, Knox, etc.,--forms the substance of the dis-
There is no new light thrown on their
lives, nor does their story receive fresh attraction
from the manner in which it is rehearsed.
compilation of biographies of men to whom the
Christian world is indebted for the purification of
its religious creeds, the book has a value for readers
outside the circle to which it was primarily addressed.
episodes in Poe's career will be explained ; and a
fuller account will be given of his parentage, mar-
riage, and last days, than any hitherto published.
An interesting announcement of forthcoming pub-
lications is that of “The Artist s Library," a series
of valuable hand-books on the history and practical
application of art, by well-known foreign writers,
and published under the patronage of the Admin-
istration of Fine Arts at Paris. They are to be
translated into English, edited by Mr. John Sparkes,
principal of the South Kensington Art School, and
published in London and New York by Cassell &
Company.
MR. AINGER's edition of Charles Lamb's Miscel-
laneous Essays and Poems, to be published at once
by Macmillan & Co. in London, and simultaneously
in New York by A. C. Armstrong & Son, will con-
tain all Lamb's miscellaneous writings that he had
himself selected for preservation in a permanent
form, and whatever else in the shape of new mate-
rials Mr. Ainger has derived from Lamb's annotations
to George Wither, his interleaved copy of which is
now in the possession of Mr. Swinburne. This edi-
tion will also contain quotations from several unpub-
lished letters of Lamb, in various hands.
A very attractive edition of Poe's complete works
is just issued by A. C. Armstrong & Son. It is in
six volumes, crown octavo, printed from new stereo-
type plates, and illustrated by etchings from original
designs by Gifford, Church, Platt, Pennell, Vanden-
hoff, and other artists, also fac-similes, autographs,
and a new portrait of the poet. Besides Mr. Stod-
dard's last and complete memoir of the poet, there is
included a new paper from his pen op “The Genius
of Poe," which appears in no other editions.--The
same publishers will issue this month “ History of
Art in Phænicia, Cyprus, and Asia Minor,” trans-
lated from the French of Georges Perrot and Charles
Chipiez, in two volumes, with 500 illustrations.
courses.
As a
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
NOVEMBER, 1884.
LITERARY NOTES AND NEWS.
E. P. Roe's new novel, “ A Young Girl's Wooing,”
starts off, as announced by its publishers, with an
edition of 25,000 copies.
Mrs. OLIPHANT's new serial story, the first install-
ment of which will appear in the January “ Atlantic,”
will be called “A Country Gentleman."
THE “ Magazine of Art," the best popular period-
ical of its class, begins a new volume in December.
Published by Cassell & Company, New York.
The appreciation of Bayard Taylor in England is
evidenced by the announcement of an edition of his
“Life and Letters” (reviewed in last month's DIAL)
to be brought out in London.
AMONG the attractions of “ Wide Awake” the
coming year will be an historical series relative to
Westminster Abbey, by Rose Kingsley, a daughter
of Canon Kingsley. The leading serial story will be
furnished by Mr. Craddock.
THE “Quiver," an English periodical with a vast
array of bishops and divinity doctors as contribut-
ors, is hereafter to be issued also in this country by
its English publishers, Cassell & Company. It is
an illustrated unsectarian magazine for Sunday
and general reading."
The biography of Poe, by Mr. G. E. Woodberry,
to appear in the “ American Men of Letters” series,
will contain important letters from Poe and others,
which have hitherto been kept private. Several
Acadian Tragedy, the. Francis Parkman. Harper's.
African Problem, the. E. W. Gilliam. No. Am. Revievo.
Aivazofsky. Wm. J. Armstrong. Atlantic.
Andersen, Hans Christian. H. H. Boyesen. Dial.
Art Competitions, the. F. D. Millet. Harper's.
Bull Run, Battle of. G. T. Beauregard. Century.
-W. L. Goss. Century.
California's Golden Prime. Chas. H. Shinn. Mag. Am. History.
Carlyle, Thomas, Memoirs of. Sara A. Hubbard, Dial,
Charles Reade (with letters). Mrs. Jas. T. Fields. Century.
Chinese Theatre. H. B. McDowell. Century.
Chrysanthemums. John Thorpe. Harper's.
Colonial College, an Old. C. F. Richardson. Mag. Am. History.
Columbia College. Harper's.
Crude Science in Aryan Cults. E. P. Evans, Atlantic.
De Senectute. F. Sheldon. Atlantic,
French Novels, Recent. J. B. Runnion. Dial,
Friendship in Ancient Poetry. J. C. Shairp. No. Am. Review.
Grass: & Rumination. Edith M. Thomas. Atlantio.
Great Hall of William Rufus. Threadwell Walden, Harper's.
Gwinnett, Button. C. C. Jones, Jr. Mag. Am, History.
Half-Time in Schools, E. E. Hale. No. Am. Review.
Hooker, Sir Joseph, at Kew. Joseph Hatton. Harper's.
House Drainage. Geo. E. Waring, Jr. Century.
Italian Bourbons. Last Stand of. Wm. C. Langdon, Atlantic.
Knox's United States Notes. Atlantio.
Lakes of Upper Italy. Atlantic.
Madison, James, Mr. Gay's Biography of, Wm. Henry Smith. Dial.
Malta. J. M. Hillyar. Atlantic.
Mistral's Nerto. Harriet W. Preston. Atlantio.
Mocking-Bird, Haunts of the. Maurice Thompson, Atlantic,
Naval Armament, Progress in. Hobart Pasha. No. Am. Review.
Negro Problem, the. W. S. Shaler. Atlantic.
Norman Fisher-Folk. Mary G. Humphreys. Harper's.
Ochre Point. Mrs. E. G. L. Wheeler. Mag. Am. History.


1884.]
179
THE DIAL
$1.
Omar Khayyam, Vedder's Illustrations for. H.E.Scudder. Century.
Over-Illustration. Chas. T. Congdon. No. Am. Review.
Presidency, Unsuccessful Candidates for the. Mag. Am. History.
Presidents, How Shall We Elect? Geo. T. Curtis. Century.
Psychology and Education. J. B. Roberts. Dial.
Sculptors of the Early Italian Renaissance. Kenyon Cox. Century.
Smith, Sydney, Andrew Lang. Harper's.
Social Science, a Phase of. H. C. Potter. Century.
Socialism of To-Day. W.F. Allen. Dial.
Spencer's Latest Critic. E. L. Youmans. No. Am. Review.
Suffrage, Restriction of the. Wm. L. Scruggs. No. Am, Revieve.
Woman as a Political Factor. R. C. Pitman. No. Am. Review,
BOOKS OF THE MONTH.
[The following List includes all New Books, American and Foreign,
received during the month of October, by MESSRS. JANSEN,
MCCLURG & Co., Chicago.]
Heartsease. Poems of Pansies. Arranged and Illustrated by
Susie B. Skelding. Fringed covers.
Wayside Florcers. Original and Contributed Poems. Ar-
ranged by Ellen E. Dickinson. Illustrated by Julia C. Emmet.
Fringed covers. $1.
Flower Song Series. Poems by prominent authors. Ar-
ranged and Illustrated in colors by Susie B. Skelding. From
Moor and Glen. Designs of Autumn Leaves and Golden
Daisies, Flower-de-Luce, etc. A Bunch of Roses. Pansies
and Orchids. Roses and Forget-Me-Nots. 4 vols. Fringed
covers. Per vol. $1.50.
Half a century of English History. Pictorially presented
in a series of Cartoons from the collection of Mr. Punch. Pp.
293. $1.25.
HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY.
Maryland. The History of a Palatinate. By W. H. Browne.
“ American Commonwealths," Edited by H. E. Scudder. Pp.
292. $1.25.
Fifty Years' Observation of Men and Events. Civil and
Military. By E. D. Keyes. Pp. 515. $1.50.
History of the Netherlands. (Holland and Belgium.) By
A. Young. Illustrated. 8vo., pp. 672. $3.
History of Gustarus Adolphus. By J. L. Stevens, LL.D.
8vo., pp. 427. $2.50.
The Ancient Empires of the East. By A. H. Sayce. Pp.
301. $1.50.
Crorens and Coronations. A History of Regalia. By W.
Jones, F.S.A. Illustrated. Pp. 551. London. $3.
The Countess of Albany. By Vernon Lee. "Famous Wo-
men." Pp. 303. $1.
Thomas Berrick and his Pupils. By A. Dobson. Illustrated.
Pp. 232. *3.50.
The Memoirs of Heinrich Heine, and some newly discov-
ered fragments of his writings. With an Introductory Essay.
By T. W. Evans, M.D. Pp. 274. Portrait. London. Net, $2.65.
ILLUSTRATED GIFT BOOKS.
French Etchers. Examples of the work of Corot, Jacquemart,
Vegrassat, Nehlig, Daubigny, Martial, and others. With
descriptive text by R. Riordan. Folio. $15.
Cathedral Cities, Ely and Norwich. Drawn and Etched by
R. Farren, with an Introduction by E. A. Freeman, D.C.L.
Folio, net, $20.
Etched Eramples of Paintings. Old and new. With notes by
J. W. Mollett, B.A. Etchings by Flameng, Jacquemart, Unger,
Rajon and others (in all 22). Quarto. London. $12.
Some Modern Etchings. Original plates by McCutcheon,
Waller, Monks, Satterlee, Champney, Pennell and others.
Folio. $10.
The Battle Ground of the Eights. Drawn and Etched by R.
Farren. Folio, net, $12.
A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy. By Lau-
rence Sterne. Illustrated by Maurice Deloir. Large 8vo, in
cloth, portfolio, $12.50
The Edition is 1,000 copies, of which 250 art for England.
The Seven Ages of Man. From Shakespeare's "As You Like
It." Illustrated with photogravures from Original Paintings
by Church, Harper, Hovenden and others. Artists Edition.
Quarto. Cloth, $3. Vellum or Alligator pattern, $3.50.
The Same. Edition de Luxe. Large Quarto. Bound in Eton
style. Limited to 250 copies. $12.
The same, small 4to. Cloth or Alligator, $1.50. Fine Calf, $5.
Marmion. By Sir Walter Scott, Bart. Beautifully illustrated.
8vo., pp. 288, gilt edges. Cloth, $6. Morocco Antique, or
Tree Calf, $10.
The Complete Works of Robert Burns. " Favorite Edi-
tion," Illustrated. Pp. 636, gilt edges, $2.50.
Violet Among the Lilies. A Sequel to “Violet with Eyes of
Blue" and "Gathering of the Lilies." By Mrs. L. Clarkson.
Royal Quarto gilt edges., $5.
Sibylline Leares. Wherein are to be found the Omens of Fate.
By Ursa Major. Illustrated. Quarto. $5.
The Lay of St. Aloys. A Legend of Blois. By Thomas In-
goldsby. With the old Letters and new Illustrations of E. M.
Jessop. Folio. London. $4.50.
Art Year Book. Of the New England Institute for 1884. Amer-
ican Art. Net, $4.
Poems for Christmas, Easter and New Year's By H.
Butterworth. 4to. Beautifully Illustrated. $4.
Flowers from Glade and Garden. Poems arranged and
Illustrated in colors. By Susie B. Skelding. 4to., gilt edges.
$3.50.
The History of Don Quixote. By Cervantes. The text Edited
by F. W. Clark, M.A., and a biographical notice of Cervantes
by T. T. Shore, M.A., with about 400 Illustrations by Doré.
New Edition. 4to., ýp. 855. $5.
Atala. By Chateaubriand. Translated by J. S. Harry. Illus-
trated by Doré. 4to., gilt edges. $5.
Canadian Pictures. Drawn with Pen and Pencil. By the
Marquis of Lorne, K.T. Imp. 8vo., pp. 222. $3.50.
Country Cousins. Short Studies in the Natural History of the
United States. By E. Ingersoll. Illustrated. 4to., pp. 252.
$2.50.
The Mountain Anthem. The Beatitudes in Rhythmic Echoes.
By W.C. Richard. 4to. Illustrated. $1.50.
Songs of Christmas. By Francis R. Havergal. Illustrated.
4to., gilt edges. $1.50.
Sweet By and By. By S. F. Bennett. Illustrated. 4to., gilt
edges. $1.50.
Lady Clare. By Alfred, Lord Tennyson. Illustrated. 4to.,
gilt edges. $1.50,
From Greenland's Icy Mountains. By Bishop Heber. Illus-
trated. 4to., gilt edges. $1.50.
Annie and Willie's Prayer. By Sophia P. Snow. Illustrated.
4to., gilt edges. $1.50.
TRAVEL
The King Country, or, Explorations in New Zealand. A Nar-
rative of 600 Miles of Travel through Maoriland. By J. H.
Kerry-Nicholls. Illustrated. 8vo., pp. 379. $4.50.
India, the Land and the People. By Sir James Caird, K.C.B.,
etc. Third Edition. 8vo., pp. 255. $2.
In the Hebrides. By C. F. Gordon Cumming. New Edition.
Illustrated. Pp. 431. London. Net, $3.
Suitzerland and the Swiss. Historical and descriptive. By
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The Esterbrook Steel Pen Company, sion,” and “Laddie." 12mo, cloth, $1.00.
26 JOHN STREET,
Sold by all booksellers. Mailed, post paid, by the Publishers,
Works : Camden, N. J.
NEW YORK,
ROBERTS BROS., BOSTON.


THE DIAL
VOL. V.
DECEMBER, 1884.
No. 56.
CONTENTS.
KIT MARLOWE. Richard Henry Stoddard
197
PHILIP GILBERT HAMERTON.
Horatio N. Powers
199
THE BUBBLE REPUTATION. Alexander C. McClurg
- 201
RECENT BOOKS OF FICTION. William Morton Payne -
203
A POEM OF LOVE AND FAITH. James S. Norton
207
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
208
Hudson's Studies in Wordsworth.-Vernon Lee's Eupho-
rion.-Payn's Literary Recollections.-Traill's Life of
Coleridge. --Baldwin's The Book-Lover.-Ely's French
and German Socialism in Modern Times.--Tourgee's
Appeal to Cæsar.-Fortune's Black and White.-Hamer-
ton's Human Intercourse.-Bacon's Essays and Wisdom
of the Ancients.-Crowell's Favorite Edition of the
Poets.---George Eliot's Complete Poems.-Trumbull's
The American Lesson of the Free-Trade Struggle in
England.-McCarthy's History of the Four Georges.-
Ingersoll's Country Cousins.- Bonner's Suwanee River
Tales.
HOLIDAY PUBLICATIONS
213
Vedder's Rubaiyát of Omar Khayyám.--Farren's Cathe-
dral Cities, Ely and Norwich.-Farren's The Battle-
Ground of the Eights.--Some Modern Etchings.-French
Etchers.-Sterne's Sentimental Journey.-Selected Pict-
ures from Victor Hugo's Book of Gold.-Barnard's
Character Sketches from Dickens.--Hamerton's Paris
in Old and Present Times.--Mrs. Muloch-Craik's Unsenti-
mental Journey through Cornwall. --Roe's Nature's
Serial Story.- Boughton's Sketching Rambles in Hol-
land.-Illustrated Poems of Oliver Wendell Holmes.-
Miss Jerome's One Year's Sketch-Book.--Shakespeare's
The Seven Ages of Man.--Wordsworth's Ode on the
Intimations of Immortality.--Mrs. Cox's The Guest-
Book.-Mrs. Cox's The Baby's Kingdom.-Wesley's Hark,
the Herald Angels Sing --The Ruskin Birthday Book. --
Drake's Our Great Benefactors.- Miss Talbot's My Lady's
Casket.---Miss Skelding's Flowers from Garden and
Glade.-Miss Clarkson's Violets among the Lilies.-
Heber's From Greenland's Icy Mountains.-Bound Vol-
umes of the Leading Illustrated Magazines.--Calendars
for 1885.
KIT MARLOWE.*
The most illustrious of all the contemporaries
of Shakespeare, and the only one who might
have disputed his superiority successfully, if
the fiery youth of his genius could have ripened
into manhood, was Marlowe. He was the father
of the English drama, in that he was the first
English dramatist who perceived and developed
the capacities of blank verse, after it had been
discovered by Surrey and essayed by Sackville,
and that his characters, extravagant as some of
them are in conception, are yet vital and power-
ful creations. Before one can fully understand
what he accomplished, one should read a little
of Surrey's blank verse, and Sackville's (a very
little will do), and read one of Greene's plays,
or Nashe's, and note the immeasurable distance
that separated him from his predecessors. He
sprang upon the stage like a young athlete
before whom they cowered, though they affected
to despise him, and whom they cursed in print,
finding their occupation gone.
The
popu-
larity of his first play-or rather plays, for it
was in two parts—“Tamburlaine the Great,"
was immediate and continuous. It stirred the
bile of Nashe and Greene, who derided the
measure in which it was written, the former
stigmatising it as the swelling bombast of a
bragging blank verse, and the latter comparing
it to the “fa-burden of Bo-bell," and proclaim-
ing its hero an atheist. Contemporary publi-
cations abound with allusions to it and its
author. It was severely censured by the satirist
Hall, four years after the death of Marlowe,
and Jonson, at a later period, declared of the
language of the true artificer that though it
differed from the vulgar somewhat, it would
not fly from all humanity with the Tamerlanes
and Tamar-Chaims of thelate age, which had
nothing in them but the scenical strutting and
furious vociferation to warrant them to the
ignorant gapers. It was Jonson, the critic,
who wrote that, not Jonson, the poet, who
when he sat down to pen his incomparable
poem, “To the Memory of my beloved Master,
William Shakespeare, and what he hath left
us," recognized the mighty line of Marlowe.
And Shakespeare, although he could not resist
the temptation of putting one of his absurd
lines into the mouth of Pistol Shakespeare
mentioned him affectionately after he was dead,
and quoted a line from his “Hero and Lean-
der.” The popularity of this exquisite poem,
which was not published during his lifetime,
was almost as great as that of “Tamburlaine."
Shakespeare quoted from it, as I have men-
tioned; Jonson introduced passages from it into
* THE WORKS OF CHRISTOPHER MABLOWE. Edited by A. W.
Bullen, B.A. In three volumes. Boston: Houghton, Mimin & Co.
BOOKS FOR CHILDREN
219
Hoppin's Two Compton Boys.-Knox's The Voyage of the
Vivian to the North Pole and Beyond.-Hawthorne's
Wonder-Book for Boys and Girls.--Mrs. Bates's Selec-
tions from sop's Fables.-Shepard's Young Folks'
Josephus.--White's Herodotus for Boys and Girls. —
Drake's Indian History for Young Folks.-Laboulaye's
Last Fairy Tales.--Scudder's The Viking Bodleys.-Miss
Champney's Three Vassar Girls in South America.-
Frost's Stuff and Nonsense.-Weatherly's Out of Town.-
Lang's The Princess Nobody.-Stanford's Play-Time, or
Sayings and Doings of Baby-Land.-Mrs. Jackson's The
Hunter Cats of Connorloa.-Mrs. Harrison's Old-fashioned
Fairy-Book.--Mrs. Cooke's Game of Mythology.-Bound
Volumes of St. Nicholas and Harper's Young People.
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS FOR DECEMBER 221
BOOKS OF THE MONTH
221


198
[Dec.,
THE DIAL
That the first poets had; his raptures were
For that fine madness still he did retain,
“Every Man in his Humour”; Nashe spoke of to Musæus! But I must not allow myself to
divine Musæus, “and a diviner Muse than him, trace here the name of Marlowe through Lang-
Kit Marlowe”; and Taylor, the water-poet, baine (1691), Jacobs (1723), Cibber (1753), and
tells how he used to sing couplets from it as Warton (circa 1780), none of whom, except the
he plied his sculls on the Thames. The story. last, seems to have known his work at first hand.
teller Marlowe was not without followers during A great name, it was diminished, if not extin-
the next two centuries, but he had no successor guished, until Lamb published his “Specimens
until the appearance of Keats, whose mastery of English Dramatic Poets” (1808), wherein
of the old instrument of narration was equal it was rekindled, a glorious torch which will
to his own; not in “Endymion,” perhaps, which never again, I think, be darkened. Lamb's
might have been written by a student of bibliography was at fault, for he discredited
William Browne, but certainly in “Lamia." It Marlowe by attributing to him "Lust's Domin-
is speaking within bounds to say that Marlowe | ion,” which was not published until seventy
was greatly admired by his fellow poets, both years after his death, but his little scraps of
in his own generation and that which succeeded criticism were admirable. He said of Marlowe, at
it, and by none more than Drayton, who in his the end of his specimens from “Doctor Faust-
“Epistle to Mr. Henry Reynolds of Poets and us”: “To such a genius the History of Faustus
Poesy" (1627), thus glorifres him :
must have been delectable food; to wander in
Next Marlowe, bathed in the Thespian springs,
fields where curiosity is forbidden to go, to
Had in him those brave, translunary things
approach the dark gate near enough to look in,
All air and fire which made his verses clear;
to be busied in speculations which are the rot-
tenest part of the core of the fruit that fell
Which rightly should possess a poet's brain.”
from the Tree of Knowledge.” And of “Ed-
His plays, particularly “Tamburlaine,” held pos- ward the Second” he wrote, that " Tbe reluctant
session of the stage until the middle of the pangs of royalty in Edward furnished hints
seventeenth century, but at the end of thirty which Shakespeare scarce improved in his
years from that time they were almost forgot- Richard the Second ; and the death-scene of
ten. So, at least, I gather from the preface to Marlowe's king moves pity and terror beyond
a tragedy called Tamerlane (1681), the writer any scene, ancient or modern, with which I am
of which, Charles Saunders, says: “It hath acquainted.” There is an edition of Marlowe
been told me there is a cock-pit play going (1826), which I have never seen, but which
under the name of The Scythian Shepherd, or Dyce characterizes as abounding with the
Tamburlain the Great, which how good it is grossest errors ; there is Dyce's own edition
any one may judge by its obscurity, being a (1850); there is the edition of Cunningham,
thing not a bookseller in London, or scarce the which, also, I have never seen ; and here is
players themselves who acted it formerly, could this exquisite edition of Mr. Bullen, of which
call to remembrance.” But good Master Saun cannot see enough, and which shall have a
ders was somewhat mistaken as regards the favored place among my Specimens of English
obscurity into which he fancied Marlowe had Dramatic Poets who lived about the time of
fallen, as he might have known if he had read Shakespeare.
the Theatrum Poetarum of Milton's nephew, Mr. Bullen is an admirable editor. I have
Edwards Phillips, which was published six read his Introduction twice, and both times
years before his play, and which contained a critically, and have detected nothing that an
page about Marlowe,--a glowing page, in which, Elizabethan student should cavil at. He has
as in the page devoted to Shakespeare, he prob- stated the facts of Marlowe's life with accuracy
ably reflected the opinions of his illustrious and intelligence, and his opinion of Marlowe,
uncle. Marlowe (he wrote) was a kind of though a high one, is well considered, and
second Shakespeare (whose contemporary he temperately expressed. It is as follows: “Far
was), not only because, like him, he rose from be it from me to attempt to weigh Marlowe's
an actor to be a maker of plays, though inferior genius. So long as high tragedy continues to
both in fame and merit, but also because, in have interest for men, Time shall lay no hands
his begun poem of Hero and Leander, he seemed on the works of Christopher Marlowe. Though
to have a resemblance of that clean and unso-
He who showed such great presumption
phisticated wit which is natural to that incom-
parable poet. But if Master Saunders did not his pages still pulse with ardent life. In all lit-
read his Phillips, Master Winstanley did, for erature there are few figures more attractive, and
in his “Lives of the Most Famous English few more exalted, than this of the young poet
Poets" (1687), he conveyed what Phillips wrote who swept from the English stage the tatters
about Marlowe, bodily, and nearly verbatim, of barbarism, and habited Tragedy in stately
into his own pages, repeating his blunders, and robes ; who was the first to conceive largely,
spoiling the Miltonic touch by transferring the and exhibit souls struggling in the bonds of cir-
clean and unsophisticated wit from Shakespeare cumstances." RICHARD HENRY STODDARD.
Is hidden now beneath a little stone,'


1884.]
199
THE DIAL
PHILIP GILBERT HAMERTON.
Paris, he entered upon the unique and roman-
tic expeditions described in “A Painter's
Philip Gilbert Hamerton, whose reputation Camp.” Hamerton's life in the Highlands of
is so well established in the world of literature Scotland, while intensely industrious, was novel
and art, descended from the De Hamertons, of and fascinating. With his movable camp, he
Hamerton, Wigglesworth, Hellifield Peel, one could establish himself in any desired locality,
of the oldest families of Yorkshire, whose where his whole time was at his command. The
male line is unbroken from the twelfth century. literary habit, always seriously indulged, con-
On the female side the Hamertons are descended stantly grew upon him, and some of his choice
from the royal families of Bourbon and Plan- essays on art were produced here, in alternation
taganet, and from the principal families of the with painting.
old peerage. Philip Gilbert was born Sept. 10, In his twenty-fifth year Mr. Hamerton mar-
1834, in Lancashire. His father was a lawyer of ried a daughter of M. Frederick Gindriez, a
fine talents and attainments, and his mother a strong Republican, who had represented the
Lancashire lady of lovely character, who died Department of Saône et Loire in the National
when he was only a fortnight old. The young Assembly, and had been Prefect of the Doubs.
child was immediately received by his father's Mrs. Hamerton is a lady of engaging qualities
sisters, who reared him with the tenderest care and many accomplishments, speaks and writes
and did everything in their power to promote English with elegance and precision, is the
his happiness. When ten years old, death re author of several volumes, a capital housewife,
moved his father, and the eldest of his paternal and a perfect companion to her husband. Three
aunts was appointed his legal guardian. She children have been born to them, two sons and
was a person of admirable virtues and accom a daughter. Stephen, the eldest son, is an
plishments, and took the greatest pains with artist of good promise ; and Richard has just
the education of her nephew. While a lad at been appointed Professor of English Literature
school at Barnley, a strong passion for litera- in the French University at Poitiers, having
ture was developed, and he used to steal away passed, in a brilliant manner, a severe competi-
to read an old black-letter copy of Chaucer tive examination at the Sorbonne in Paris,
which he found in the library. Here he took coming in second in a class of fifty-five candi-
a prize for English composition, many of his dates, nearly all of them professors in the
competitors being his seniors, and this acted as a University, which he was not. After leaving
healthful stimulus to his youthful ambition. Af. Loch Awe, in 1861, where he spent some time
ter his connection with this school was dissolved, after his marriage, Hamerton lived awhile at
he was received as a private pupil by Dr. But- Sens in France. Here he painted with great
ler, the head master, who undertook to prepare industry, and several of his works produced at
him for Oxford. Being found behind in Latin this period were exhibited in the Royal Acad-
and Greek, owing to the good Doctor's easy emy.
One of the most notable of these is
way with him, he put himself under the charge “Sens from the Vineyards.”
of a severe tutor, and was drilled for a whole For twenty years Mr. Hamerton has lived at
year in these two languages, giving half of each Pré Charmoy, in the vicinity of Autun, France,
day to one, and a half to the other.
But by an old Roman town on the picturesque Arroux,
the time that this work had ended, he had be and rich in antiquarian and medieval objects
come so enamoured of landscape painting as to and associations, where he enjoys a kind of
decide upon pursuing it as a profession. So, seclusion that is grateful to the artist and
instead of Oxford, he went to London and en scholar. Before his settlement at Autun, he
tered the studio of Mr. Pettill, a prominent had written a good deal for the English peri-
artist, whose acquaintance he had made in the odicals, and published, in addition to the “Isles
Lake district. After a period of diligent study of Loch Awe," "A Painter's Camp in the
under his teacher, for whom he entertained a Highlands” and “Thoughts about Art.” His
great respect, he retired to an old house of one pen continued active in alternation with his
of his uncles in Lancashire, situated in the artistic industry. There followed, at no great
midst of the most picturesque scenery, where intervals, “ Painting in France after the Decline
he pursued his artistic and literary efforts with of Classicism,"
of Classicism," "Contemporary French Art,"
eager enthusiasm and enjoyment. It was here “ Etching and Etchers," “ Chapters on Ani-
that he wrote “The Isles of Loch Awe,” a mals," "The Unknown River," " The Etchers
poem which was published when he was Hand-Book," The Intellectual Life," “ Wen-
twenty-one years old. In this year (1855) he derholme," a novel, “ The Sylvan Year," "Har-
went to Paris to study French and art. Here ry Blount," "Round My House,” “Life of J. M.
he became intimate with Leslie and William W. Turner,” “Modern Frenchmen,” “The
Wyld, artists to whom he feels under lasting Graphic Arts,” “Paris in Old and Present Time,”
obligations. After a few years well spent in “Human Intercourse,” and “Landscape.”
66


200
[Dec.,
THE DIAL
an
In a paper
While Mr. Hamerton is chiefly known in this ble and study her in all her moods, he invented
country as a man of letters, his reputation in a movable camp in which he could paint with
Europe, as an artist, is distinguished. To the near or distant landscape in view through
both art and literature he has given, in about its plate-glass windows, at any hour of the
equal measure, the serious devotion of
day and in any season of the year, in the
industrious life. This has tended to preserve recesses of the Scotch Highlands.
the admirable balance of his mind, which by canoe, with his dog Tom, he descended the
nature was happily constituted for harmo- romantic Arroux, etching and writing; and the
nious and symmetrical development. To what result
result was a charming prose poem-“The
ever extent, in these late years, he may have Unknown River.” In the production of the
changed his manner of life and it is not important and standard volume, “Etching and
likely that he has materially done so - it was Etchers,” he went through careful experiments
his habit, for a long period, to employ an equal for the data of the works that he reproduced,
amount of time in literary and artistic produc- and brought his statements to the test of
tion. His mornings were given to hard read science. "The Graphic Arts” is full of the
ing and composition; after mid-day déjeûner, evidences of critical scientific knowledge of
a gallop on horseback for an hour was taken materials, processes, and effects, that are em-
for exercise; then in his studio or laboratory, braced in the practice of fine art.
The same
he worked till dinner; and his evenings were carefulness is exhibited in the study of charac-
given to his family, to entertaining reading, ters for his “Wonderholme,” “Modern French-
and to guests. Of course, this routine was men,” “Turner,” and other works.
broken into occasionally, when engaged in Though Mr. Hamerton began his artistic
painting or etching out of doors, or in visits, career in his youth, and has pursued it with
for the purposes of study and criticism, to the high and singular devotion for nearly thirty-
salon, the Ro.yal Academy, and the libraries five years, there are persons, who set up for
and museums of the great capitals. I am critics, who refer to him as an amateur, and
acquainted with no person with a family, write of him as if he were almost a novice in
engaged in intellectual pursuits, whose situa- the interpretation of nature. Whenever it.
tion and surroundings are so favorable for happens that he exhibits, these persons seize
his chosen vocation, who has been able to the opportunity to vent their prejudices and
arrange the order and method of his work to spleen. It seems impossible for them to believe
such advantage, as this fortunate and gifted that one who writes such delightful books,
But it must not be thought that it is whose literary reputation they dare not ques-
simply a lucky chance that ensured his envi- tion, should produce a decidedly meritorious
able situation. While, no doubt, domestic work of art. Years ago, the first exclamation
reasons had their influence in fixing his home of some who had never seen an example of his
at Autun, his decision was not made till after a painting or etching was, “This man has failed
careful study of localities that would be likely in art, and therefore has taken to literature."
to afford the retirement that was desirable, The simple fact is, his art is coeval with his
amid fine natural scenery, and at the same time writings, and is better for it; while his writings
the conveniences most suited to the occupations have the color and atmosphere and grace of
of his life. The same excellent judgment is his art. There is an immense advantage, as
conspicuous in the various branches of literary his life-work shows, in an artist who is a master
work that has given him such eminent distinc- in literature and a writer who is thoroughly
tion. While treating subjects of great prac- trained in art. While Hamerton works easily
tical utility and of wide and varied scope, he in several mediums of the graphic arts, it is in
has the happy tact - or shall it be called the etching that his efforts have been most influen-
intuitive discernment? — to deal with themes | tial. By his great work on this subject, and as
that readily engage the attention and appeal editor of “The Portfolio,” which is now four-
to the higher faculties of intellectual people. teen years old and the leading art journal in
So, while never bidding for popularity, by com our language, he has given this beautiful
promises of any kind with human prejudices branch of art a vigorous impulser in England
or ignorance, he wins the interest and gratitude and in this country.
of his readers by the vitality and value of his Hamerton possesses qualities as an art critic
matter, the charm of his personality, and the that place him among the first who use the
strength and elegance of his composition. English tongue. He is thoroughly grounded
Hamerton attempts no work without careful in the technique of art. Whatever science,
preparation. He builds on solid foundations. observation, and actual practice can afford for an
Whether his productions be artistic or literary, accurate judgment is at his command. He has
at the basis is thoroughly digested knowledge. lived with nature in the closest intimacy. He
That he might get as close to nature as possi- | is familiar with the history of art, and with the
man.


1834.]
201
THE DIAL
methods of the great masters, so far as they campaign under discussion. Such monographs
are known. His mind is happily balanced and generally serve to show to those who were on
admirably constituted for the function of criti the field, and participated in the movements
cism. His sense of the beautiful is keen and and the fighting, how little they really knew
cultivated, and the mood in which he lives is about what seemingly went on under their own
hospitable to truth of every kind. With his eyes.
accurate and various knowledge, he has the Thus, to most of those who were actors in
acute moral sensibility, the breadth and sagac- the campaign and battle of Perryville, General
ity of understanding, and the sturdy honesty, James B. Fry's “Operations of the Army un-
that conduce to unbiased views and sound con der Buell” will give much new light, whether
clusions. His sanity and disinterestedness are or no it shall change their previously formed
apparent; and so, with all this, he is a safe opinion upon the merits or demerits of the
guide in the interpretation of nature, art, and chief commander. Many side lights are thrown
life. Artists of serious aim and endeavor find upon the scene, and it is shown that not alone
him helpful and instructive, where Ruskin is a commander's courage or capacity or genius,
only provoking. Those who accuse him of but many other things, enter into the deter-
ignoring the spirit of art, or of sacrificing it to mination of his success or failure in the field.
any manual or technical skill, either misunder His tact or want of tact in obtaining the good-
stand or misinterpret him. He teaches, how will or incurring the enmity of some subordi-
ever, what any sensible person readily admits, nate officer who chances to have the ear and the
that the more thorough one's practical ‘ac favor of some one in official authority, may
quaintance with the materials, methods, prov-
have almost as much influence upon his career
ince, and functions of art, the more successful, as his own capacity or incapacity.
in the best sense, will be one's artistic pro In July of 1862, General Buell was in com-
duction.
mand of our forces in Northern Alabama and
Hamerton's writings, while covering divers Central Tennessee. His orders were to repair
fields, have a definite aim and supply a place his railroad communications, and then, if pos-
in our intellectual wants that is not exactly sible, capture Chattanooga. The Rebel author-
filled by any others. He wisely directs his ities became alarmed, and collected a large
efforts in lines of production for which he has force under Generals Bragg and Kirby Smith
special aptitude, and he has the independence to oppose him. General Fry seems to prove
and courage that are inseparable from gifted conclusively that the Rebel armies greatly out-
minds and influential utterance. His freedom numbered General Buell's forces. In August
from anything merely provincial, his delicate they poured through the mountain passes of
moral sensibility, the large and candid way in Eastern Tennessee, threatening Buell's left and
which he treats his subjects, are exceedingly rear, and endangering not only all Eastern
agreeable to just-minded persons; while the Kentucky, but also the cities of Cincinnati
value of his matter, the rare beauty of his and Louisville. Buell marched northward,
style, and the delightful spirit that pervades concentrating his scattered troops, maneuver-
his work, enhance the enjoyment and deepening for position, and offering battle at several
the gratitude of the reader. He has made points in Kentucky. Bragg was wary, and
solid and admirable contributions to our litera declined to fight, notwithstanding delay weak-
ture, and can rest assured that he has stimu ened him and strengthened his enemy. Buell
lated and nourished our better natures by his finally entered Louisville, was joined by many
appeal to our nobler faculties and suscepti- newly recruited and raw regiments, reorganized
bilities.
HORATIO N. POWERS. his army, and, although still outnumbered, early
in October advanced rapidly upon Bragg. The
latter fell back; and on the 8th of October was
fought the battle of Perryville. Neither army
THE BUBBLE REPUTATION.*
was present on the field in full force, and
To those who served in the war of the Rebel though the battle was bloody and obstinate, it
lion, the various monographs which are now was seemingly undecisive. Buell expected the
coming out from time to time, on the particular final conflict to begin on the following day, and
battles or campaigns in which they may have prepared for it; but, to his surprise, Bragg re-
taken part, furnish most interesting reading treated during the night. Buell followed in
This is of course especially the case when the pursuit, but found it impossible again to force
monograph comes from one who has had un his adversary to battle. As another Rebel force
usual opportunity to know the facts about the was then threatening Nashville, Buell left the
pursuit at Crab Orchard, and on the 16th of
*OPERATIONS OF THE ARMY UNDER BUELL, from June 10 to
October turned his army toward Nashville.
October 30, 1862 ; and the Buell Commission. By James B. Fry.
It is notorious that at this time there was
New York: D, Van Nostrand.


202
[Dec.,
THE DIAL
came
not a
moment too soon.
*
great discontent in Buell's army. He had had quickly communicated to Governor Morton,
to grapple, as a soldier, not only with military however, is shown by the following dispatch,
problems, but with all the troublesome ques- which was received by President Lincoln on
tions growing out of the relations of his troops the morning of the 25th:
to the negro slaves and to their Rebel masters. “We were to start to-night to Washington to confer
Like most soldiers, he was a strict construc with you about Kentucky affairs. The removal of
tionist where laws and orders were concerned.
Buell and appointment of Rosecrans
The history of the battle
He returned slaves which the laws did not yet
of Perryville and the campaign in Kentucky has never
allow him to free, and he punished with great been told. The action you have taken renders our visit
severity all officers and men who were guilty unnecessary.”
of depredations upon Rebel property. This This was signed “Richard Yates, Governor
was hotly resented by his thinking bayonets, of Illinois," and "0. P. Morton, Governor of
who had little respect for a discipline which Indiana." Verily, as General Fry says, “ this
conflicted with their most cherished political has a dictatorial ring." Evidently the “great
ideas. The discontent and almost insubordi war governors " who were supposed by the
nation which grew from these causes not only public to be busy putting men into the field,
pervaded the army but was quickly communi- had something to do with taking men out of
cated to influential
persons in the North. the field.
General Fry seems to show pretty conclu To many who read this review by General
sively that there was little reason, up to this Fry, it will seem that General Buell was un-
time, to criticise General Buell's military con fairly dealt with. Certainly he has not de-
duct of the campaign; and that the govern- served all the odium nor all the neglect with
ment was at that time of the same opinion, is which he has been visited. His services in
shown by the fact that on the 18th of October organizing and disciplining the fine army which
General Halleck, then the military adviser of afterward became the Army of the Cumberland,
the President at Washington, telegraphed to were very great; and, judged by their results,
General Buell: “The rapid march of your the campaign in Kentucky and the battle of
army from Louisville and your victory at Perry- Perryville can scarcely be considered failures.
ville have given great satisfaction to the govern. Ten days after the battle, General Halleck tele-
ment." Yet on the 24th orders were issued at graphed from Washington: “The rapid march
Washington directing General Rosecrans to of your army from Louisville and your victory
relieve General Buell of his command.
at Perryville have given great satisfaction to the
One
may well ask, on what was this sudden government.” Yet just six days later, the order
change of opinion by the government founded ? for Buell's removal is signed. But meanwhile,
Was it not caused by a single dispatch from one as we have seen, a war governor had been tele-
who is often called a great war Governor”? graphing about the verbal reports of “an
And on what was that dispatch founded ? officer just from Louisville.”
Seemingly on the verbal report of “an officer The fact is, great as were Buell's abilities
just from Louisville." Who was that officer? and accomplishments as a soldier, he had never
what opportunity had he for full information? learned tact. Busied with the great end he had
what was his capacity or fairness? what private in view—the destruction of the Rebel army in
grievance or resentment had he?
These are
his front--he was not careful about what opin-
things which history will never know; and yet ions certain of his majors and colonels and
his conversation with Governor Morton prob- brigadiers, who had the ears of the “ war gov-
ably greatly changed, for better or for worse, ernors," might be forming of him. He did not
the conduct of the war in the West. Here is see that his unmeasured words to an offender
the dispatch of Governor Morton, sent to Presi- against discipline, and his protection of some
dent Lincoln on the night of the 21st--only Rebels' property, might be as potent factors in
two days before Buell's removal from com determining his own career as his success or
mand:
failure in the field. He believed in discipline,
“An officer just from Louisville announces that and he enforced it upon all alike. He believed
Bragg has escaped with his army into East Tennessee, that the discipline of his own troops required
and that Buell is countermarching to Lebanon. *
The butchery of our troops at Perry ville was terrible.
that outrages upon Rebel property should be
* Nothing but success, speedy and decided, will punished with severity, and that, as a military
save our cause from utter destruction. In the North- commander in the field, he had nothing to do
west, distrust and despair are seizing on the hearts of with the freeing of the slaves of Rebel owners.
the people. 0. P. MORTON, Governor of Indiana."
His government had not yet undertaken this
The order for Buell's removal was dated only mission, or given him orders which would just-
two days after this dispatch, but it was not ify such action. He obeyed orders himself,
made known to either the public or to General and insisted on the obedience of others. He
Buell until some days later. That it was did not doubt that his motives and his actions
*


1884.]
203
THE DIAL
would be understood. He was mistaken. But one; the work of a man who has long since
though he suffered, the army he trained never mastered all the technique of novel-writing,
entirely lost some of the good qualities he gave and whose mind is well stored with that mis-
it; and at least something of the service after cellaneous material whose possession alone,
ward rendered, something of the glory after and in large quantity, can insure that a novel
ward gained, by the Army of the Cumberland, shall be more than a mere exhibition of tech-
should be credited by his countrymen to Gen. nique-shall be rich and full and shapely.
eral Don Carlos Buell.
The addition of a volume of “Good Stories,
ALEXANDER C. McCLURG. in which are gathered together the numerous
short tales of the writer, makes the collection
of his works of fiction a complete one, and a
collection which will always have an honored
RECENT BOOKS OF FICTION.*
place among the productions of English imag-
“It has lately been objected to the writers of fiction-
ination. It was a self-consciousness of the
especially to those few who are dramatists as well as
pardonable sort which gave the name of "good
novelists—that they neglect what Shakespeare calls the stories” to this volume, and the name may be
middle of humanity,' and deal in eccentric characters
above and below the people one really meets. For our
applied with even greater fitness to the whole
part we will never place fiction, which was the parent series of Charles Reade's novels. Next to
of history, below its child. Our hearts are with those poetry, the glory of English literature is in its
superior men and women who, whether in history or
fiction; and it is only good work that can occu-
fiction, make life beautiful, and raise the standard of
humanity. Such characters exist even in this plain py as conspicuous a position in that depart-
tale; and it is these alone, and our kindly readers, we
ment as the work of Charles Reade.
take leave of with regret."
“Judith Shakespeare" is a study in style
These noble words bring to its close “A rather than a story, and in its composition Mr.
Perilous Secret,” the last work of Charles Black has given still further evidence of his
Reade. Coming to us now almost from the remarkable versatility. The thread of the nar-
grave, they receive an added significance as rative is an exceedingly thin one, and drawn
being the very latest utterance of one who out at great length; but it is not for the inter-
did much to maintain the dignity of fiction, est of the story that the book will be read-
and a writer of fair and honorable fame. The that is rather suggestive of the moral tale for the
present novel, although far from being equal young than anything else-but for the glimpses
to his best, is by no means unworthy of the which it gives us of the life of a deeply inter-
strong hand and hard-working brain to whose esting age, and because it deals with the sur-
tireless activity we owe so much. It is an roundings, the family, and, to a certain extent,
interesting story, and a sweet and wholesome the individuality of the greatest of poets.
With so wide a field left open to conjecture and
APERILOUS SECRET. By Charles Reade. New York: Harper poetic fancy as that afforded by the personal
By Charles Reade. New York: Harper & history of the man to whom the world owes so
much' and of whom it knows so tantalizingly
JUDITH SAA ESPEARE. By William Black. New York: Har-
little, there was danger that a writer would take
undue liberties. That Mr. Black has not done
"I say No": OR, THE LOVE-LETTER ANSWERED. By Wilkie
Collins. New York: Harper & Brothers.
so, is matter of congratulation. It is evident
By Oswald Crawford.
that he has realized the audacity of introduc-
Dr. Sevier. By George W. Cable. Boston: James R. Osgood ing the figure of Shakespeare at all as a char-
acter in a quasi-historical work of fiction, and
WHERE THE BATTLE WAS Fought. By Charles Egbert Crad that it is better to say too little than too much
dock. Boston: James R. Osgood & Co.
in a case where nothing could be said that
THE STORY OF A COUNTRY Town. By E. W. Howe.
James R. Osgood & Co.
should be adequate. But there is no offense in
AN AMERICAN POLITICIAN. By F. Marion Crawford. Boston: the restrained and gracious presentation here
Houghton, Miffin & Co.
given us of the prosperous citizen of Stratford
THE ADVENTURES OF A WIDOW. Ry Edgar Fawcett.
James R. Osgood & Co.
in the ripened years when the world was made
By Edgar Fawcett. New York: Funk & Wag so inexpressibly richer than ever before by the
gift of those revelations of immortal beauty
Appleton & Co.
which men call the “ Tempest” and the “Win-
ON THE FRONTIER. By Bret Harte.
Houghton,
ter's Tale."
No man may lightly venture to
place words upon the lips of Shakespeare, and
By Henry James.
R. Osgood & Co.
the only ones which Mr. Black has placed there
THE KING's Men ; A TALE OF To-Morrow. By Robert Grant, concern the trivial matters of every-day life.
John Boyle O'Reilly, J. S. of Dale, and John T. Wheelwright. But the presence of the poet pervades the nar-
rative ; more truly than by any words which
might be ascribed to him, are we made to real-
& Brothers.
GOOD STORIES.
Brothers.
per & Brothers.
THE WORLD WE LIVE IN. A Novel.
New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
& Co.
Boston:
Boston:
RUTHERFORD.
nalls.
THE HOUSE ON THE MARSH.
A Romance.
New York:
D.
Boston:
Mimpin & Co
TALES OF THREE CITIES.
Boston: James
IN PARTNERXHIP: STUDIES IN STORY-TELLING. By Brander
Matthews and H. C. Bunner. New York: Charles Scribner's
Sons.


204
[Dec.,
TIE DIAL
say it!
ize his outward personality by incident and has so long existed in our literature; and his
suggestion, and by the passionate and more work is accomplished in a spirit of the broadest
than 'filial love of the daughter whose true sympathy; not made ineffectual by the display
untutored instinct tells her that her father is of sectional prejudice and feeling. His treat-
a man of no common mould. How painstaking ment of the Civil War is by no means partisan,
the work of the writer has been, is very evident; but simply human: something which cannot be
and the success with which he has handled his said of its treatment at the hands of many
delicate theme is no less so.
Northern writers of ability. This is the surest
Mr. Wilkie Collins is nothing if not melo- indication of its artistic value.
dramatic; and his novels consist of a plot and “On tramps the mighty column, singing from its
little else. In the last one, entitled “I say
thousand thirsty throats the song of John Brown's Body.
No,” the melodrama is of an unusually cheap mother there weeps but does not wave, as the sharp-
Yea, so, soldiers of the Union-though that little
description, and the plot is a tissue of the most
eyed man notes well through his tears--yet even so,
manifest absurdities. It is the story of a yea, all the more, go-go marching on,' — saviors of
young girl, whose father has committed suicide the Union; your cause is just. Lo, now, since nigh
twenty-five years have passed, we of the South can
some years previously, but who is supposed all
the time to have been murdered, while his
** And yet-and yet, we cannot forget !-
daughter is kept in ignorance of the fact of And we would not.”.
his having met with a violent death at all. The The spirit which breathes in these lines from
great defect of the book is found in the inade- | “Dr. Sevier,” shows that the South has pro-
quacy of the motive to justify the cumbersome duced a writer with soul too large to write for
machinery by which all knowledge of the real a few only, and one to whom the world may
state of affairs is kept from the unsuspicious well afford to listen. Yet for all this, his work
child. The two mysterious females, to whose is distinctively Southern; its value lies in the
character a certain romantic interest attaches fact that, by means of it, a man of Southern
on account of their presumed instrumentality birth and breeding has given expression to the
in the supposed murder, turn out to be very nature and life of the South in terms of our
commonplace people after all; one of them is common humanity. “Dr. Sevier” is a very
merely a vulgar thief, and the other not even beautiful story, made a little prolix and dis-
that. If the problem of novel-writing be to jointed, perhaps, by the passion of Mr. Cable
perplex the reader concerning the personages for character sketches, but, on the whole, not
of the story and their relations to each other, to be reproached for any considerable lack of
Mr. Collins has been fairly successful. If, on unity. Like the great English novelist whom
the other hand, the problem be to present a he so often suggests, his characters are inimi.
clear and suggestive picture of life and char- table of their kind, and the Narcisse of the
acter in some typical phase, he has made a
present story is a worthy addition to his gal-
dismal failure. As the book is so printed as to lery of Creole types. Nor is the pathos of the
make its perusal ruinous to the eyes, the one closing chapters of this work unworthy of com-
who is wise enough to leave it untouched will parison with the pathetic portions of Dickens.
be sure thereby to benefit his eyesight, and will Those who have waited for its rescủe from the
probably find a better use for his time than to pages of “The Century,” and its rehabilitation
devote it to such an essentially unliterary piece from the condition of serial dismemberment, so
of work.
fatal to the full appreciation of any work of
If “The World we Live in were so uninter art, will find its perusal to amply reward their
esting a place as that which Mr. Oswald Craw patience.
ford pictures for us in the novel to which he It would seem from Mr. Charles Egbert
has given this name, the pessimist might find Craddock's first novel that he also was to aid
even better arguments than he is at present very materially in doing the work at which Mr.
enabled to draw from the constitution of things. Cable is engaged that of giving literary ex-
The writer seems to be one of that class of pression to the life of the South. Few first
persons to whom he himself refers as having a novels are as promising as
“ Where the Battle
great deal of taste, all of it bad.
This story
was Fought"; rarely does a beginner show
is not only lacking in good taste, but it is tame such unmistakable power as is here manifested.
and altogether unprofitable.
Tennessee is the special ground which Mr.
Mr. Cable is doing what is perhaps the most Craddock seems to have selected to make his
valuable literary work done in this country at own, to judge from his sketches of “Life in
the present day. Certain it is that the life of the Tennessee Mountains," and from the
the South has never before found as true and present volume, as well as from the title
as fine literary expression as that which he already announced of his next work. The
gives it. He is doing all that can be done by most striking characteristic of this story is its
one powerful writer to close this gap which splendid imaginative quality. The battle-


1884.]
205
THE DIAL
field, grim record of a convulsed past not far for New England village life, but is far more
remote, is ever present as a background to the powerful. In a style devoid of rhetoric and as
scene upon which is enacted the drama, com bare as it well could be, the story is told with
monplace enough in itself, which is presented an absolute sincerity which is beyond all praise.
to us.
The story alone, with its well-worn It is fruitless to make inquiry as to the literal
machinery of love and intrigue, of villainy and truthfulness of incident and character in
virtue, would be very bare were it not for the book which, like this, bears the stamp of essen-
constant suggestions and associations of its tial truth upon every page. In a work with
stage-setting, and for the author's power, not this design, character and incident are but acci-
only to feel, but fittingly to express, the beauty dents; one set will do as well as another for
of Southern landscape -- of mountain and plain the purpose of showing that life under such
and sky. All this, as well as the heightened conditions must needs be thus and so. The
beauty which is given to natural scenes when story, as here told, is well constructed. Of the
great human interests attach to them, is here characters, two at least-- those of John Westlock
reproduced in imaginative form, tinged with and Jo Erring are powerfully drawn; while
just enough passion to make it appeal to the the woman whom Erring loves so well that he
heart as well as to the head. Mr. Craddock's deceives himself in her, has one splendid scene.
characters are well outlined, and two or three While avowedly a first book, it has few of the
of them roughly filled in, while his character faults of such, and well deserves the recogni.
sketches are full of life. When we add to this tion now given it. For this is really its second
his really excellent style, we have a combina appearance it having been published, some
tion of unusually strong qualities, against time ago, in such an obscure fashion that only
which we do not have to set off any equally con unusual merits could have saved it from
spicuous weaknesses.
oblivion. It is now happily rescued, and will
Pathos deepening into tragedy is the burden not soon be forgotten. Yet we are inclined to
of “The Story of a Country Town.” The dull think that the author has written himself out.
and colorless aspects which are alone presented It reads like the one book of a man's life; and
by life in a struggling frontier settlement, and the powers which were able to conceive it have
which seem very commonplace until we get limitations of the most evident sort. But the
beneath the surface, could not fail to furnish fears which the author expresses concerning
pathos enough and to spare; while once beneath the value of the present work need now no
the surface, tragic themes are in such a place | longer be entertained by him. It cannot fail
no less abundant than in more conspicuous to be recognized that he has made an impor-
The very preface to the volume is tant contribution to American fiction.
pathetic, and written in that minor key which is Mr. Crawford's fifth and latest novel is a de.
hardly put aside from beginning to end. “I cided failure. It would seem as if he had
believe,” says Mr. Howe, " that when I began really written himself out at last. The greater
the story I had some sort of an idea that I part of "An American Politician” fairly com-
might be able to write an acceptable work of petes in flatness with Robert Grant's “An
fiction; but I have changed it so often, and Average Man,” which is saying a great deal.
worried about it so much, that at its conclusion Even the writer's former and rather brilliant
I have no idea whether it is very bad, or only use of epigram degenerates into the dreariest
indifferent. I think that originally I had some of platitude, and his characters are vaporous
hope that it might enable me to get rid of my unrealities. He tells us at great length that
weary newspaper work, but I am so tired now his hero is a very noble man, and proves it by
that I am incapable of exercising my judgment copious extracts from the public and private
with reference to it.” There is little of the utterances of his nebulous politician ; it does
novel, and nothing of the romance, about this not seem to occur to him that these are the very
book. It is rather a series of pictures than a last things a novelist should tell his readers. If
story — pictures of life and character in the he cannot make his readers feel them, the in-
forms which they assume under the influence formation does not help the matter. The use
of an aimless, cheerless existence, devoid of of a political speech of his hero, some twenty
any ideals but those of a religion hard and pages in length, as a close to the volume, is an
uncompromising enough to befit its associa instance of bad taste for which it would be
tions, yet of an existence which brings with it hard to find a parallel in reputable fiction ;
to the nobler spirits who share it with the while the mysterious “ council of three,” which
ignobler, enough of suggestion of something is supposed to sway the destinies of American
better worth living for, to engender a gnawing politics, is a clumsy piece of invention alto-
discontent of present conditions, without any gether unworthy of the writer.
clear perception of other and better ones. The Mr. Edgar Fawcett is one of the most per-
work suggests that which Miss Jewett has done sistent of writers, and is producing novels at a
scenes.


206
[Dec.,
THE DIAL
rate which would bankrupt anyone whose con tale of a highly sensational character—the
science would not permit him to use the same chief performers being a burglar who enter-
scenes and ideas several times over.
Two new
tains for his profession something of the pas-
stories from his pen apprise us that he is not sion of the painter or the musician for his art,
going to allow himself to be forgotten by an and a young and very unsophisticated girl who
ungrateful public. In “The Adventures of a fills the position of governess for his child, and
Widow" we have his story of New York society who has no suspicion of the real character of
over again with variations. The chief varia the man, who presents himself to her as the
tion in this case is that he alternates his de father of a family and an exceedingly enter-
scriptions of the ultra-fashionable phases of New taining person. Her youthful innocence is so
York life, as they exist in his imagination, with great that she narrowly escapes having her
sketches of equally imaginary literary circles. ruin accomplished by this very talented indi-
Satire will of course justify a certain amount vidual, whom, however, we must do the justice
of exaggeration in the portrayal of social rela to admit would prefer to marry in the regular
tions; and in the present case some of the way the object of his affections, but, finding
satire is exceptionally good, and the story is himself unable to dispose of his wife in a
amusing if nothing more. Mr. Fawcett does quiet and gentlemanly manner, is compelled by
not seem able to avoid a certain amount of force of circumstances to endeavor to secure
vulgarity in his delineations, but this is less the woman he loves by the use of somewhat
noticeable in the present than in preceding more questionable methods. From becoming
volumes. A young and wealthy widow who the victim of his intrigues, she is saved just in
wishes to perform the somewhat difficult task time; his villainies are unearthed, and he would
of creating a salon in New York, of which she speedily be handed over to justice, were he
shall be the leading spirit, is the device by not, at this conjuncture, accidentally drowned-
which the writer brings together for satirical which we suppose to be the moral of the book.
comment certain types of literary aspirants,
Mr. Bret Harte has drawn the one great
some of which he succeeds in sketching with literary inspiration of his life from his early
considerable cleverness. The busy follower of experience of the rude conditions of pioneer
combined mercantile and literary avocations, civilization in the West. The most surprising
Mr. Barrowe; the ecstatic poet, Leander Prawle, thing about it is that this inspiration should
and the venomous she-journalist, Miss Cragge- | last so long and should still be so fresh; that
are not uninteresting, and are to a certain ex many years spent amidst very different sur-
tent types of classes which actually occur in roundings should have no power to weaken it,
the literary profession.
and that it should remain unquenched even by
Mr. Fawcett's other story, "Rutherford,” is the life of the diplomatic service. For the
resurrected from the pages of the well-nigh three stories which make up the little volume
forgotten “Library Table," a periodical pub-called “On the Frontier," have all the local
lished in New York a decade or so ago. It is coloring and the distinct Western flavor of his
much the longer of the two stories, but is badly many earlier ones, and, as a relief to the over-
put together, and bears evidence of having subjectivity and forced expression of the most
been hastily written. Yet in some respects it approved American novelists of the hour, are
is a work of more power than anything else that exceedingly refreshing. The style is excel-
he has done, and in Constance Calverley he lent, and there is enough invention in these
has produced a finer type of character than three little stories to stock the same number of
he is wont to deal with. His style, although full-sized novels of the kind now chiefly in
often forced, has merits which make all of his vogue. “A Blue Grass Penelope" is the best
books readable, even those which have little of them.
other claim to consideration. · He introduces “Tales of Three Cities” is the title which,
a variation into this volume by heading his for want of a better one, Mr. Henry James has
chapters with bits of pretended verse, which given to a collection of three stories, whose
are characterized by a uniform woodenness, and scenes are laid in London, New York, and Bos-
which certainly add nothing to its attractions. ton, respectively. They are already familiar
"I find myself on some miraculous peak,
to magazine readers, but are perhaps worth
Where many a star grows monstrous, and I hear
being preserved in permanent form - although
Henceforth I am fated only to descend,
it is becoming painfully evident that Mr. James
For exaltation holds no loftier phase."
has written himself out as far as the interna-
This is blank verse in the literal sense ; and if tional novel is concerned, and probably as far
the author's “exaltation holds no loftier phase” as any kind of novel-writing is concerned.
than this, he cannot be “ fated to descend” These stories of American millionaires and
English lords and ladies become less and less
"The House on the Marsh” is an anonymous | interesting, more and more diluted, with every
Grand inconceivable music as it rolls.
very far.


1884.7
207
THE DIAL
" has ever
turn of Mr. James' literary kaleidoscope. papers are received by means of "tickers” in
Probably it is because his style is so intrinsi- the houses of subscribers. It is evident that
cally good within its narrow limits that a new the authors take a keen delight in contemplat-
story by him is sure to find many readers, who ing the increased greatness of America, and
are willing to forget that it tells them nothing the declining glory of England, which it is so
new for the sake of the delightful manner in easy to assume as the outcome of the next half
which the old things are re-said. But style and century. The story becomes the broadest of
invention are both becoming old stories already farce when the tawdry splendors of the royal
with most of his readers, who are sure to drop court as held in a second-rate Boston hotel
off one by one if he cannot hit upon some are pictured; while we can hardly help sym-
fresh literary device by which to renew his bond pathizing a little with the King, contemptible
with them. Mr. James certainly does more at as he is made for us, when we meet him at the
times than merely to point out the real faults hotel cigar-stand, inquiring for “ something
of American life and character. His repre- mild and not too expensive," and finally choos-
sentation of Jackson Lemon in one of these ing a brand at “three for a quarter.” The
stories as a typical American gentleman, is a story is a clever one, and an hour spent in
piece of gratuitous vulgarity which it is diffi- reading it will not be wholly wasted.
cult to pardon. He might very profitably Another instance of literary coöperation is
study the much truer picture of the American afforded by the collection of stories by Mr.
gentleman in Mr. Richard Grant White's Brander Matthews and Mr. H. C. Bunner,
*Fate of Mansfield Humphreys.” Every new called “In Partnership.” The actual partner-
volume of stories by Mr. James deepens the ship, however, extends to but two of the
impression that he is a much better writer of sketches, the others being the individual work
books of literary criticism and travel than of of the writers named. In this combination of
any other kind of fiction.
talent, Mr. Matthews furnishes us with the
Novels have frequently before resulted from more startling inventions, while Mr. Bunner
literary partnerships, and many “tales of to supplies the imagination and pathos; his work
morrow” have also been written ; but we do being much the better of the two. “ The Red
not know that a “tale of to-inorrow
Silk Handkerchief” is the gem of the collec-
before been produced by several writers in tion. It is written with a delicacy of touch
partnership, so that in this one respect “The that recalls the “ Airs from Arcady.”
King's Men” is probably unique in literature.
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE.
Not much is to be expected of work done in
this way, even if excellent writers coöperate
for its production. “La Croix de Berny," in
which a half dozen of the most eminent French
A POEM OF LOVE AND FAITH.*
writers, including Théophile Gautier and Mme.
Under the unpromising title, “The Story of
de Girardin, took part, is probably the best
a Hunchback," a little volume has just been
novel of the sort ever made; but it does not published which merits more than a passing
add to the fame of any one of its authors. Not mention. It embraces but a single poem,
much, then, was to be expected of the associa- short, and, as a narrative, simple and scant of
tion of talents which were put into a common incident; but this poem is the story of a pure
stock for the composition of “The King's Men," and sensitive soul ----of its burden of sorrow,
although in Mr. Stimson one good writer was
its faith and aspirations, its silent devotion late
secured, and the one to whom the book evidently but eternally requited; and whosoever can be
owes about all that it has of literary quality. touched by the beauty of a flower or the song
The scene of this story is placed at about the of a bird will find a pleasure in this unfolding
middle of the twentieth century, and chiefly in
of a gentle spirit. It presents no new or
England. The republic has been declared strange conception of the spiritual life with
some years since, and King George V., grand- which it deals, but it is rich in true poetic
son of the present Prince of Wales, lives in feeling, and is evidently the work of one skilled
America as a very impecunious exile. The in harmony, grace, and precision of expression.
interest of the story chiefly centres about a From the unfamiliar initials which indicate the
group of royalists who conspire to restore their author, and from the fact that first volumes of
sovereign, but whose plans issue disastrously. this class are commonly youthful ventures, we
In describing the life of this future age, the
may perhaps infer that these pages come from
error of too severely taxing the credulity of the
an unpracticed pen ; but we fail to find the
reader is avoided, and such changes as
crude thought, the imitative style, and the awk-
indicated are not unreasonable. Steam and
ward and nerveless forms of expression, which
electricity have rather more to do than in the
* THE STORY OF A HUNCHBACK. By J. L. Chicago : Jansen,
present stage of our civilization, and news-
are
McClurg & Co.


208
[Dec.,
THE DIAL
And in his constant heart
Yet flowed alone.
Wooer.
generally betray the amateur in sustained
"But ever at her feet
The river flowed ;
efforts of this kind.
The story itself, though it introduces but few
Her image glowed.
characters, and only the events which mark the
Through daylight and through dark
eras in the course of a chastened love, is not
His tide, unknown,
Sent freshness through her life,
without interest, and in its construction bears
evidence of the nicest discrimination. It is a
"And when she drooped and died,
delicate task to invest with true poetic charm
Upon his breast
He bore her tenderly
the mutual passion of a beautiful girl and a man
Away to rest."
dwarfed and twisted by physical deformity. The
JAMES S. NORTON.
general sentiment of mankind demands for femi-
nine grace and loveliness a strong and manly
But in this case the lover has the
artist's sensibilities, and there is no sense of
BRIEFS OF NEW BOOKS.
departure from the "eternal fitness of things."
Once during that long period of probation when
The principal charm of the poem, however, is Wordsworth's poetry was still despised of critics
in the purity and elevation of the religious sen and rejected of men, the poet expressed in a letter
timent which pervades it. We have in this to a friend "an invincible confidence that my writ-
little volume a charming picture of Faith, by ings will coöperate with the benign tendencies in
one to whom her face is dear and who has human nature and society wherever found ; and that
wrought deftly and with loving zeal to make they will in their degree be efficacious in making
her image beautiful to all the world.
men wiser, better, happier.” Professor Henry N.
Hudson's eloquent “Studies in Wordsworth” (Little,
The unrhymed metre adopted for the work,
Brown & Co.) were written for the purpose of dem-
though apparently easy, is likely to prove a onstrating and bringing home the truth of this
snare to one who attempts it without the true prophetic text from the poet. Professor Hudson is
ear for rhythm; but in this poem the versifica a man whose spirit has been touched to fine issues
tion is uniformly good. There are few jarring by the life-long study of Shakespeare and Words-
lines, and many passages which are extremely worth ; and he tells us, in a style of straightforward
musical. Indeed, the execution of the work, directness, and still of singular choiceness and apt-
in this respect, is worthy of all praise ; and
ness of phrase, how and why Wordsworth's poetry
has been efficacious in making him “ wiser, better,
among the similes, sure tests of the poetic happier.” In these papers, which were primarily
fancy, are some of striking force and beauty -
intended for a circle of friends or pupils, the emi-
like this, of one who listens, kindly incredulous, nent teacher takes us into his confidence ; he does
to the rapt utterances of faith :
not only subject the poems in question to a critical
"He gently smiled, as one who hears
analysis, to show how they must or should affect
A dreamer murmuring broken words
the right-minded reader : he does something even
of woods and fields and waves of blue,
better than this — he relates how they actually have
And will not break his happy sleep."
affected himself. The book contains sufficient biogra-
And this :
phy, some good criticism, much wise exposition ;
A soul as stainless, clear, and glad
but it is not merely nor chiefly for these that it will
As sunlit spray on breaking waves."
be valued. Its unique value is as a human docu-
Among the short lyrics incidental to the narra-
ment,” a confession of faith. So many good writers
and eminent men have written upon Wordsworth's
tive, the Song of the Lily is one which we note poetry, that it would be misleading to say that this
for its simple grace and delicate fancy. It
is the best book yet written concerning “ him who
may fitly be quoted here :
uttered nothing base." It is enough to say that the
“Upon a river's brink
originality of view, the soundness of moral fibre,
A lily fair
the unconventional vigor, exhibited in this author's
Her brows uplifted light
admirable studies of Shakespeare's plays and charac-
Through summer air.
ters, do not desert him in dealing with the later
The soft breeze whispered low
poet. Age seems to have deepened his sympathetic
His tale of bliss,
insight without abating his natural force. Then,
too, one cannot too highly praise the skill with
which Wordsworth is made to tell his own story ; a
But ah, the fickle breeze
Passed swiftly on,
great number of the poet's choicest staves are em-
And stole away the joy
bedded in the text, which seems to have grown
His lips had won.
around them and shaped itself to them by a process
The sunlight on her heart
of natural accretion. This wealth of citations from
In sweet rest lay,
Wordsworth makes it impossible for either writer or
And dreamed, in golden calm,
reader to withdraw his eye for an instant from the
object, so that the book possesses the precious virtue
“But when night beckoned soft,
of downright reality. Taking into account all its
The false sun fled,
excellences, one may safely pronounce this volume
the best introduction to the study of Wordsworth
And touched her velvet cheek
With tender kiss,
The hours away.
And left his love to mourn
Uncomforted.


1884.]
209
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in existence. Indeed, were it not for an occasional Here and there are strewn skulls; skeletons stand leer-
apparent echo of one or two of Carlyle's disagree-
ing by, as if in remembrance of the ghastly past, and
able mannerisms, it might almost be pronounced
as a token of former death ; but magnificent youths
the best that could be wished for. Professor Hud-
are breaking through the crust of the earth, emerging,
taking shape and flesh; arising, strong and proud,
son himself possesses so rich a verbal wardrobe, that
ready to go forth at the bidding of the titanic angels
his thought cannot but suffer from being tricked
who announce from on high, with trumpet blast and
out in the threadbare frippery of Carlyle. This,
waving banners, that the death of the world has come
however, is but a trifling disfigurement, the mere to an end, and that humanity has arisen once more in
allusion to which is perhaps an injustice to so noble the youth and beauty of antiquity.”'
a book. To read it is to read one of the purest and Better art criticism than that given us by Vernon
most humane of poets with a wise and sympathetic Lee is rarely met with, and it is not often that fugi-
teacher,--surely no trifling privilege. Would that tive and scattered studies are as well worth collection
it might go as an educator to many a prairie home and preservation as these.
where the generous aspirations of youth are stifled
in an atmosphere of hard and sordid“ practicality.” The unpretendingness of the title “Some Literary
Recollections,” by James Payn, pervades the book
The author who writes under the name of Vernon to which it is applied, and is one of many delightful
Lee has made the subject of the Renaissance her qualities characterizing it. The geniality, the frank-
own by right of knowledge, insight, and the power ness, the delicacy, the humor of the writer, together
of critical expression. A recent work bearing the title with his gentleness and simplicity, imbue the vol-
of “Euphorion" (Roberts Bros.) includes seven of ume with an uncommon fascination. He has inter-
her studies in Renaissance history, literature, and esting and illustrating anecdotes to relate of a crowd
art, together with an introduction and an epilogue. of gifted and famous people; but it is himself, after
These studies have previously appeared in English re all, to whom the reader is most closely drawn, and
views, and are now fittingly brought together, having of whom the most agreeable memories will be pre-
a strong bond of union in their common principles and served. By none of his long list of tales and novels
aims. In the myth as fashioned by Goethe, Euphor can he have so fully revealel a winning personality,
ion, the child born of classical beauty and medieval or have gained such admiring friends, as by this
strength, stands as a symbol of modern culture ; autobiographic sketch, which in no sense ains at
but the anthor of these studies finds a truer inter completeness. Mr. Payn confesses playfully in the
pretation of the allegory, which - can have a real beginning that he has not the qualifications for
meaning only if we explain Faust as representing narrating his life, much as he would like to do so.
the middle ages, Helena as antiquity, and Euphorion He never kept a diary; he has no memory for dates
as that child of the Middle Ages, taking life and or details; he remembers very few things that ever
reality from them, but born of and curiously nur happened to him, and cannot locate these with any
tured by the spirit of antiquity, to which significant certainty in the time of their occurrence. But his
accident has given the name of Renaissance." This mind does retain personal impressions vividly, and
is the point of view of all the studies, and is espe it is some of these which he here reproduces with
cially elaborated in the one called “Symmetria captivating grace. There is a general omission of
Prisca,” perhaps the finest of them all, in which the figures and minute particulars in his “ Recollections,"
relations of classic and medieval art are traced, from yet, putting the information they afford together
the time when they were first brought face to face with facts gained elsewhere, we are able to state
in the Pisan Sacred Field, to the time when the that Mr. Payn was born in 1830; that his father
fruitage of their union became manifest in the works was a well-read man of a kindly nature, who, al-
of Raphael and Titian and Micheal Angelo. - The though the son of a rich gentleman, was, because of
Portrait Art," “ The School of Boiardo,' " Mediaval " something like disinheritance," obliged in middle
Love,” “ The Outdoor Poetry,” “ The Italy of the life to depend on his own resources (which proved
Elizabethan Dramatists,” “ 'The Sacrifice," a study ample) for the support of his family. He died in
of the price which, in the loss of moral standard, the early boyhood of James. The latter was educa-
the Renaissance had to pay for its intellectual great ted at Eton, at the Royal Military Academy – which
ness; these titles explain themselves and indicate the he was obliged to leave on account of ill-health,--
ground which is covered by the studies thus named. and at Cambridge. In all these schools he escaped
The strong and noble style of Vernon Lee needs no study as far as possible, having an abhorrence of
recommendation ; but we cannot refrain from citing mathematics, and an inaptitude for languages so
a passage which is at once a piece of fine prose unconquerable that he can barely read, and not
writing and a typical illustration of the manner in speak, French or German, although he has spent
which the subject is treated :
long effort in the attempt to acquire these modern
“ The antique and the modern had met for the first
tongues. But he was ever an inordinate reader of
time and as irreconcilable enemies in the cloisters of English literature, especially of fiction, and an eager
Pisa ; and the modern had triumphed in the great and untiring observer of human nature. His imagina-
medieval fresco of the Triumph of Death. By a tion displayed its activity in childhood, and he was
strange coincidence, by a sublime jest of accident, the held in high esteem by his youthful companions for
antique and the modern were destined to meet again,
and this time indissolubly united, in a painting repre-
his power of impromptu story-telling. His first
volume of poems, “Stories from Bocaccio," was pub-
senting the Resurrection. Yes, Signorelli's fresco in
Orvieto cathedral is indeed a resurrection, the resurrec-
lished while he was at college, and at the same time
tion of human beauty after the long death-slumber of
he was a constant contributor to “Household Words"
the Middle Ages. And the artist would seem to have been and other periodicals. Shortly after his marriage,
dimly conscious of the great allegory he was painting. which occurred at an early age, Mr. Payn was invited
29
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210
[Dec.,
THE DIAL
by Robert Chambers to become associate editor of verser, who, having read widely and reflected deeply
“Chambers' Journal," and removed to Edinburgh in upon his subject, can afford to play with it a little.
consequence. The climate disagreeing with his Nevertheless, there is as little of flippancy as of
family, he resigned his position at the end of a few pedantry. By a charm almost as potent as that by
years' service, and sought a home in London, where which the ancient mariner held the wedding guest,
he has since remained. His books and miscella the biographer holds the reader while insinuating
neous articles have met with ready sale, yet he was into his reluctant mind high admiration for the
thirty-two years of age when he made what he calls transcendent range and quality of the genius of
his first success in literature, with the novel · Lost Coleridge. In the absence of any other biography
Sir Massingberd.” Mr. Payn has been a hard of this extraordinary man whom Wordsworth
worker and a prolific writer. “For the last five-and-called “the only wonderful man I ever knew," and
twenty years of my life," he remarks, “I have only whom he described as
had three days of consecutive holiday once a year;
" The rapt one, of the godlike forehead,
while all the year round (from another necessity of
The heaven-eyed creature,"
the pen ) the Sundays have been as much working this volume is likely to be more widely read than
days with me as the week-days.” Mr. Payn has any other of the admirable series to which it be-
been peculiarly happy and fortunate in his calling; longs and in which it will take a high place. It is
still, he regards it as a most precarious one as a rule, a thing to be thankful for, that we have at last so
offering at the best smaller pecuniary rewards than adequate an introduction to the only Englishman
most of the professions. In his experience as editor
since Dr. Johnson who could not, in his best days,
and author he has been brought in contact with a open his mouth without uttering words of wisdom
multitude of eminent and unknown writers, and of or suggestiveness.
these he speaks in his reminiscences in a gentle and
extremely entertaining manner, never retailing gos-
PROF. BALDwin's charming little volume, “ The
sip, never betraying confidences, and never forgetting Book-Lover” (Jansen, MeClurg & Co.), is well de-
the obligations of courtesy. The portrait in the
scribed by its title. It is a book about books ; in-
frontispiece of the volume represents him as a serious,
tended for students of literature and general readers,
refined, reflective man, with the air of a clergyman.
but most of all for book-lovers—those who regard
The humor which plays perpetually over his writings, good books as “ more precious than all riches," and
and the light spirits which make him a most en-
delight in them as in “the society, the spiritual
gaging companion, are not manifest in the grave,
presence, of the best and greatest of our race."
almost severe cast of his countenance. Mr. Payn Such will find at once a charm and consolation in
has most to say, in chatting of his friends, of Dickens,
this work, with its refined literary tone, and its
Miss Mitford, and Miss Martineau; but of many
finely-chosen quotations from the choice spirits of
other celebrities as Thackeray, Alexander Smith, all ages who have written in the praise of books.
James White, the Duke of Albany, the brothers Beyond this, however, the work has a distinct pur-
Chambers, and Charles Reade
This
he relates interesting pose as a practical guide to the best reading.
incidents derived from his acquaintance with them.
is, indeed, its most important feature ; and for it the
(Harper & Brothers.)
author possesses the best of qualifications in his
long experience as a lover of books and director of
PROBABLY many a fairly intelligent reader of the reading. The work is compact, clearly arranged,
present day derives his most definite notions of and thoroughly practical in its aims and methods.
Coleridge from the graphic and cruel characteriza It presents well-considered chapters on such vital
tions of him by Carlyle which have been recently topics as “ The Choice of Books," " How to Read,"
given to the world. Should such a reader take up “ T'he Value and Use of Libraries," Books for
the latest volume of " English Men of Letters, Every Scholar," “What Books Shall Young Folks
Traill's Coleridge (Harpers), with the dreary expec- Read?” “ Hints on the Formation of School Libra-
tation of reading a decorously eulogistic account of ries,” and “The Practical Study of English Litera-
a flatulent metaphysician and an altogether fabby ture.” The author's views and recommendations,
personality, he would be speedily disabused and de- eminently sound and judicious, are enriched and
lighted. There is no droning here about
supplemented by citations from a wide range of able
ject and om-m-ject,” but instead much racy good- writers and instructors. The book gives some ex-
sense, sound criticism, and pleasant banter, by means cellent courses of reading and schemes for practical
of which the author makes the figure of the poet- study, which have been thoroughly tested, and are
metaphysician stand forth upon his canvas in clear more exhaustive, especially as regards contempo-
colors, if not always in distinct outlines. Mr. Traill
raneous literature, than any similar lists that have
evidently possesses the rare combination of critical been published. It is believed that the work will
perspicacity with that native sense of humor which recommend itself to all sincere lovers of good read-
is twin-sister to common-sense ; and to these natural ing, as one equally delightful and instructive. Me-
qualifications he has added great industry in the chanically, it has been issued with the greatest care,
accumulation of material and an iron grasp of his and will at once, in this regard, appeal successfully
subject. He has actually succeeded in the appar to the most fastidious taste. Besides the regular
ently hopeless task of bounding in this nutshell of edition, the book is to receive the deserved compli-
a book that king of infinite space, the of ment of a large paper edition, very beautifully
modern authors. Despite an occasional involution printed, limited to 350 copies, each copy numbered.
of sentence-structure, which makes a passage here
and there a little hard to read aloud at the first Mr. RICHARD T. Ely's “French and German
dash, Mr. Traill's manner is that of the fluent con Socialism in Modern Times” (Harpers) will serve as
66
sum-m-


1884.]
211
THE DIAL
ers.
a complement to Mr. Rae's “Contemporary Social- | twenty years past for the maintenance of Southern
ism,” noticed in our last number. It is, as its name schools.
This
sum, he estimates, should be
implies, a far more complete work; for Mr. Rae, increased to $15,000,000 — just the amount which
treating of the socialism of our own day, makes no the North furnished each week for the cost of the
mention of Fourier, St. Simon, Proudhon, and Rod-
late war.
Private benevolence cannot raise the
bertus; almost confines himself, indeed, to German needed amount, nor can the impoverished South. It
writers. Mr. Ely's book contains sixteen chapters, must come, he says, from the treasury of the nation.
the first eight of which are devoted to the French
The arguments so forcibly presented by Judge
school, while the last eight treat of the German writ-
Here he begins with Rodbertus, sometimes Fortune, a colored man and ex-slave, who presents
Tourgee find but a poor supporter in Mr. J. Thomas
called “the Ricardo of Socialism,” who, he is inclined
his views in a volume entitled “ Black and White,”
to think, equalled Ricardo as a thinker. That Mr. Rae published by the same firm. Mr. Fortune is confident
hardly mentions Rodbertus, while Mr. Ely only cas-
of the future of the colored race. He makes no plea
ually mentions Karl Marx, who forms the subject of
for national aid in education, but maintains that a
an entire chapter in Mr. Rae's book, is due, perhaps,
to the different points of view of the two writers. people who could rise from utter indigence and
illiteracy, not only unaided but while still oppressed
Mr. Rae's attention has been drawn strongly to the
worse than when in a condition of slavery, will
philosophy of the Young Hegelians as the theoreti-
cal source of Socialism; and for direct contemporary white masters. The blacks are
ultimately surpass in wealth and intelligence their
even now, he
influence he saw that Marx and Lassalle had more
declares, a totally different people from what they
weight than all others put together. Mr. Ely, on
were at their emancipation. They have proved self-
the other hand, in tracing the economic genesis of
socialism, fixes upon Rodbertus — really a contempo, gaining a monopoly of the trades and industries of
supporting under supreme disadvantages ; they are
rary of Marx and Lassalle - as its intellectual
founder. “ All of the leading socialists of to-day," and with these they will help themselves to power
the South ; they are acquiring money and lands,
he says, “to whatever socialist group they may and education. They have been given their free-
belong, have been influenced greatly by Rodbertus. dom after two hundred years of bondage, but they
An understanding of his theories renders it compara-
will recover the lost time and progress in the years
tively easy to understand Marx and Lassalle.” (Page to come, as the white race cannot, which has become
169). The special value of Mr. Ely's treatise is that
enervated by subsisting for generations on the labors
it approaches the subject from the economic point of
of the slave. It is cheering to get so hopeful a view
view, and treats it by the historical method. It forms
as that presented by Mr. Fortune ; and the book may
unquestionably the best introduction to the study of
the subject.
be commended to Judge Tourgee and his readers.
The latest volume of Philip Gilbert Hamerton's
JUDGE TOURGEE, in his “ Appeal to Cæsar” writings, “Human Intercourse,” is just published
(Fords, Howard & Hurlbert), presents another dis- by Roberts Brothers. The theme is one happily
sertation on the relations of the two races which suited to this gifted author, who combines with his
form the population of the South. The nation, he artistic and literary genius a wide knowledge of the
argues, is responsible for the establishment of slavery world and a very deep sympathy with mankind. A
in the South, for its emancipation during the war, few titles of the chapters will show the drift and
and for the subsequent elevation of the negro to the important matter of the volume. “Of Passionate
rights of citizenship ; is it not, therefore, responsible Love,” “Companionship in Marriage,” “Family
for the education of the illiterate masses into whose Ties,” “ The Rights of the Guest,” “ The Death of
hands it thrust the ballot, in order to qualify them Friendship,” “Differences of Rank and Wealth,”
to exercise the privilege of suffrage intelligently and “ The Obstacle of Religion,” “Priests and Women,'
with safety to the Republic? In a series of tabu · Of Genteel Ignorance," “ The Noble Bohemian,”
lated statistics, drawn from the census by decades “ Letters of Friendship,” “ Amusements." Those
down to 1880, he shows that the colored race is who have found a healthy stimulus and an invigor-
increasing at a greater ratio than the white race in ating enjoyment in “The Intellectual Life” will
the South ; that it already numbers one to every need no assurance concerning the attractiveness of
two of the white population, taking all the states this work, which may be regarded, in some sense, as
together ; that in eight of these states it averages its companion. The author's survey is wide, his
2.4 per cent less than one to one ; that in three of observation acute and shrewd, and the temper in
the states it averages 3.7 per cent more than one to which he writes without a taint of cynicism. He
one ; while by the increased migration of the whites, gets at the vital things which signalize the inter-
added to the greater reproductive power of the course of human beings and bear powerfully upon
blacks, the disparity increases at an even their interests and fortunes. The nice discrimina-
rapid rate. It is, therefore, only a question of time tion, clear insight, and beautiful candor with which
when the domination of the whites will be overcome the topics, even the most delicate ones, are treated,
by the now subject party, so far as can be done by are a standing testimony to the writer's fine moral
the mere force of numbers. Against the possible sense and literary art. It is a delightful book,
evils of such a condition, the best safeguard is of marred by no unlovely prejudices, and rich in the
course the extinction of illiteracy in the South. reflections of a wise, courageous, and generous spirit,
Judge Tourgee would have this done by means of that illuminates while it charms. The volume is
schools founded and supported at the national appropriately dedicated to Emerson, to whom Mr.
expense. By private benevolence among Northern Hamerton feels under special obligations for his
mon, $1,000,000 has been annually expended during valuable influence over him.
66
more


212
[Dec.,
THE DIAL
In this era of “cheap and nasty" reprints of all gland” (Schumm & Simpson, Chicago), is an ex-
kinds of books, it is a pleasure to commend pub- pansion of a still smaller work by the same author,
lishers who are willing to risk so elegant an edition published in 1882. The re-writing, it appears, was
of a never very popular classic, as this of Bacon's done chiefly for the purpose of showing that "the
“ Essays and Wisdom of the Ancients" (Little, moral of the contest is as applicable to the United
Brown & Co.) This edition, containing Montagne's States to-day as it was to England forty years ago.”
preface, Spiers's biographical notice, together with The work is of course largely historical, but the
convenient notes and translations of the Latin quo- spirit of the author is that of the advocate rather
tations, is identical in matter with that copyrighted than the historian; the historical portions being ac-
by its publishers so long ago as the year 1856. companied by a running fire of comment and criti-
But the outward dress is very different, the page cism upon the American system. His points are
and print being much larger, and the press-work often well made, though the effect is somewhat weak-
incomparably superior. It may be doubted whether ened by an unfortunate tendency to apply strong
so beautiful an edition of the essays has ever before terms, as “crocodile tears," " impudent hypocrisy,"
been issued. Many who wince at beholding “ the etc., to his opponents, who “whine like mendicants
kings of modern thought” in the garb of charity and are “utterly besotted and selfish.” This pug-
boys, may strengthen their allegiance by here be nacious spirit renders the book but little likely to
holding - high-brow'd Verulam” in the robes of win adherents from among the “mendicants" and
state of which in life he was over-fond. It is now “ hypocrites" of the opposing faith ; but those who
agreed on all hands that, as Bacon has long been do not mind hard names will find in it a very good
really known to most readers only through his and instructive outline of the free-trade history of
essays, so these contain that quintessence of his England and its results.
mind destined alone to subsist in the wreck of repu-
tations and the crash of philosophical systems.
Mr. Justin McCarthy has given us the first vol-
There is something pathetic in the reflection that
ume of what will undoubtedly be the most readable
the discursive rangings of that vast and restless in-
History of the four Georges ” (Harpers). It ex-
telligence should now be reduced to proportions so
tends from the death of Queen Anne to 1729, two
insignificant. But, if the essays are short and few
years after the death of George I. That it is lively
in number, they can be the oftener read, and it is
and graphic will be readily believed, and Mr.
certain that their worldly wisdom comes home as
McCarthy is too industrious and conscientious a
pat as ever " to men's business and bosoms.” And
writer to make an inaccurate book. He carries his
what uninspired prose work is there, of thrice the liveliness too far, we think, in the titles of his chap-
extent of this, in which there are anything like as
ters, which are descriptive, to be sure, but not in
historical sense. How will the student who wishes
many “jewels five words long"?
to learn about Mar's rebellion, the Quadruple
We have heretofore expressed our satisfaction with
Alliance, and the condition of the Irish question,
the illustrated edition of standard English poets find his way in chapters with such headings as “ The
issued by Thos. Y. Crowell & Co.; and we are glad,
White Cockade," After the Storm," * The Dra-
after an inspection of recent additions to the series, pier's Letters,” “ Malice Domestic — Foreign Levy?”
to add emphasis to our approval. The volumes are
A table of contents, to be serviceable, should tell us
of convenient form, being solidly-made small quar what the chapter contains, and afford a guide, not
tos, and, while inexpensive, are in all details of paper merely to the reader, but to him who desires to con-
and typography a pleasing contrast to the ordinary sult. For the style of the book itself, we have
“popular” edition of standard works. The illus- nothing but praise. It is always entertaining, never
trations, too, deserve especial commendation. They undignified.
are not stale “picked-up" plates, thrown promiscu A SERIES of pleasant papers on natural history
ously in amongst the text, but 'new engravings, topics, contributed by Mr. Ernest Ingersoll to various
from designs by reputable artists, cut in wood by scientific and literary periodicals, have been repro-
Mr. Andrew. The fresh and pleasing treatment of duced under the title of Country Cousins." There
that hackneyed subject, “Norham Castle," in the
are twenty-one articles in all, dealing with as many
cut that serves as frontispiece to the volume con different subjects which the author has studied in
taining Scott's “ Marmion," is a example of the
the woods and fields, by the brook-side or the sea-
pictorial excellence of these volumes. The series as
shore. These are treated chiefly from the poetical
thus far issued comprises twenty volumes, repre-
senting some of the choicest treasures of English fact, for the author is a thorough-going naturalist,
or popular side, and yet always with a sure basis of
poetry. The same publishers issue, in a different pursuing his researches in a scholarly and pains-
form, the complete poems of George Eliot in a vol- taking manner.
taking manner. The publishers (Harper & Brothers)
ume which should become the standard one with the
have issued the volume in handsome style, with an
admirers of this gifted writer. It is a quarto, larger ornate cover and an abundance of graceful illustra-
than the volumes in the series just described, but of tions.
equal beauty of execution, and with illustrations
representing the studies of Schell, Taylor, St. John A CHARMING collection of stories for young people
Harper, and other artists. The engraving for this is Sherwood Bonner's “ Suwanee River Tales"
volume also is done by Mr. Andrew, and gives some (Roberts). Grouped under three divisions—“Gran'-
of the best specimens of American wood-cutting. Mammy,” “Four Sweet Girls of Dixie," "A Ring of
Tales for Younger Folks,” she has given us eight-
The little volume by M. M. Trumbull, “The een sketches of Southern life, graceful, carefully told,
American Lesson of the Free Trade Struggle in En and interesting from beginning to end.


1884.)
213
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----
HOLIDAY PUBLICATIONS.
A striking instance of this is afforded by the illus-
There is a noticeable and gratifying circumstance tration of the twelfth quatrain. The bold imagina-
apparent in the more prominent and costly gift- tion of an inferior artist would have given us a literal
books this year. They exhibit a marked improve picture of the scene; we think that even Gustave
ment in their artistic properties upon the books of the
Doré would have done so; but Mr. Vedder's “ Song
same class in previous years. It is an encouraging in the Wilderness” is a more symbolical and a far
fact, giving evidence of the progress of æsthetic cul- nobler thing thau any representation of the letter
ture among us, and inclosing a promise of its con-
could have been. Here, and elsewhere throughout
tinued advance in the future. Artists, engravers,
the work, the artist has shown a fine sense of the
printers, publishers, will not be content to produce, limitations imposed upon the provinces of poetry
a twelvemonth hence, books repeating the successes and painting, which would have won the warmest
of the present hour. They must possess other and praise from the author of " Laocoon," while if the
higher qualities still to satisfy the laudable ambition spirit of Lessing were come to earth again, and
of their authors. The true art-spirit once aroused could examine this work, he would find
it a legit-
in a people like ours, it will strive and aspire imate extension of the province of illustration of
while it exists, and its products of to-day, how which he could hardly have dreamed in his day.
ever meritorious and beautiful, will be but a fore We have already alluded to Doré, in this connec-
shadowing of better, lovelier works to-morrow. tion, and nothing could be more instructive than a
Therefore, though we look with wondering dazzled detailed comparison between his illustrations of fa-
eyes on the volumes de luxe of 1884, and find mous poems and the present work. We have no
it difficult to imagine books of daintier form and space for such a comparison, but it seems to be a
comelier features, they will be sure to appear in 1885 just statement to say that what Doré has all his life
with attractions deserving still warmer admiration.
tried and failed to accomplish is here successfully
The holiday literature of the year is honored by done. Doré's symbolism seems clumsy in compari-
what is probably the finest art publication ever issued son with Vedder's; his strained and overwrought
in this country, representing what is perhaps the pictures leave something of the effect of a night-
most important contribution yet made by America mare, while those of Vedder, with no less feeling,
to graphic art. No one can even glance over Elihu no less terrible, if need be, impress the mind, with
Vedder's illustrations of the “ Rubaiyát” of Omar their simple beauty and calm grandeur, as a peace-
Khayyam without recognition of the fact that it is ful dream. Most notable of all, Doré's illustrations
a work of extraordinary power, and without a feel of Dante, or of Milton, do not belong to the poem;
ing of simple amazement that it should have been they are something apart from it; often they de-
in American art to produce so great a work. tract from our enjoyment of it, so dissonant or so in-
A collection like this--of fifty.six large full-page adequate they are.
But Mr. Vedder, with a poem
drawings, each one of which is an original produc as difficult, to say the least, has made drawings
tion of creative genius, and deserves, or rather de which are in complete harmony with his subject,
mands, long and attentive study for its full compre and uniformly add to our appreciation and enjoy-
hension alone, to say nothing of due appreciation --
ment of the verse. Those who have once examined
is obviously not to be characterized in a page of criti this work will ever thereafter find it difficult to
cism, nor is any permanent estimate of its exact think of the verses without calling to mind the illus-
value and artistic rank now to be made. It is not a trations, so fully are they conceived in the same
work of the year, but of the age; and it can await spirit. While nothing of Doré's affords any true
the verdict of the age in confidence of worthy recog- parallel to this work, its analogy with much of the
nition. These “Rubaiyát” which Mr. Vedder has work of Rossetti is very real. With both artists the
chosen to illustrate have been well known to lovers human figure is supreme-both know just how far
of English poetry for the past ten years, in the mar to carry their symbolism--both are inspired by a se-
vellous version made by the late Edward Fitzgerald. vere simplicity of aim-both are inclined to mysti-
In them the twelfth century speaks with the accents cism, and the work of both is intensely intellectual
of the nineteenth, and the Orient finds a voice to in quality. But comparison and analogies are of
which the Occident lends no alien ear. This uni little value by the side of actual study. With all
versality of thought and sympathy, whereby such its range, this grandly imaginative work is sin-
distinctions of time and place are rendered meaning- gularly even in execution. There are no poor de-
less, is the real secret and explanation of their im- signs in the volume, nor may any serious technical
mortal beauty, as far as beauty has any secret or charge be brought against it. Thoroughly admirable
needs any explanation. But the illustration of these it is in drawing, in tone, in management of light and
verses was a far more difficult task than the illustra- shade, in arrangement and symbolism, in harmony
tion of any ordinary poem. They are filled with and fitness. And the many who have long cher-
oriental imagery; but to have merely reproduced ished the poem itself will feel that no worthier sub-
this imagery in graphic form would have been to ject could have been chosen for such illustration,
add little to their meaning or their beauty. It is will rejoice that its beauty of song has been wed-
in depth of thought and intensity of human inter-ded with such beauty of design. The genius of
est that their real power lies; and this called for a poetry and the genius of painting are here indissol-
decorative treatment which should subordinate mere ubly bound together in a union of spirit such as art
imagery as fully as the verses themselves. In do- has rarely known.
ing this, the artist has been triumphantly success Students of art, of history, and of archæology
ful, with rare restraint rejecting all the suggestions have all a treat in the work on “Cathedral Cities,
of poetic imagery not entirely consonant with the Ely and Norwich” (Macmillan & Co). A series of
idea or the feeling when embodied in graphic form. ' pictures drawn and etched by Robert Farren consti-


214
[Dec.,
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tute the chief substance of the volume ; yet the in- pursuit were begun. The New York Etching Club
troduction, in which Edward A. Freeman descants was organized in 1878, and the Philadelphia Society
learnedly on the origin, structure, and architectural of Etchers in 1882. But the enthusiasm has spread
features of the two grand old minsters, supplies no rapidly, for none of the linear arts is more fascinating.
inconsiderable part of the marrow of the work. Mr. There is a vivacity, a freedom, and a variety in
Farren devotes nineteen etchings to subjects in and etching which attract the outside world the same as
about Ely Cathedral, and sixteen to themes con the professional painter. It quickly wins upon those
nected with the church at Norwich. The entire views who observe or practice it. The plates in the collec-
commend themselves to favor by their picturesque tion under notice are the work of our younger
beauty, apart from their great artistic merits. Mr. artists,-in two instances, of women. Finished
Farren is occupied with the poetry and the sublimity drawings, such as are produced by the veteran
in landscape and architecture, and aims to reproduce etchers of France or England, could not be expected
these in his drawings. It is not feats of dexterity, from these comparative novices; yet the sketches are
achievements in technique, that he desires to perform interesting and instructive. The author of the text
for the applause of experts in the same field. He accompanying the plates—Mr. J. R. W. Hitchcock-
addresses himself to an intelligent, yet unpretending, is as candid as kindly in his remarks upon the
and, in an artistic sense, unschooled audience, and several works, and lends aid to a proper appreciation
makes a simple appeal to their understanding of of them which the artist as well as the observer
what is genuinely and lastingly pleasing. His must be grateful for.
attempt is successful. His sketches strike us first as The interest of the volume containing examples of
pictures, not as merely etchings. They teem with the work of “ French Etchers" (Dodd, Mead & Co.)
delightful incident carefully wrought out. It is only centres in the descriptive text almost as emphatically
after we have studied them for pure enjoyment that as in the plates themselves. There are twenty of
we turn to an examination of the particular mode and the latter, by as many different artists of renown,
instrument by which they have been produced. Yet including Corot, Jacquemart, Daubigny, Martial,
here the artist leaves no opportunity for doubt. The | Nehlig, and Appian. They are all characteristic
drawings plainly declare that they have been done specimens, as may be supposed, of the style and
with the needle ; but in order to tell this there has skill of their respective authors, and therefore pos-
been no resort to the clap-trap or make-shift of sess an unquestioned artistic value. A portion of
scrawls and scratches. There are charming land them would to the uneducated eye appear to be of
scapes and street scenes, forming distinct views of dubious importance ; as, to cite a single example,
the old minsters; yet the glimpses of various por the sketch by Corot—who, by the way, produced in
tions of the noble church interiors are, on the whole, all only five etchings. But M. Roger Riordon, the
most imposing. Immense work has been lavished on author of the text, and himself an expert etcher,
some of the plates—as Nos. 7, 14, 18; but with an comes to the rescue, and, explaining the distinctive
effect that is a due reward for the pains.
qualities of each plate, points out its merits, lets
A new series of etchings by Robert Farren, from light in upon its meaning, and solves whatever
the same publishers, furnish views of " The Battle enigma it might have at first presented. Thus his
Ground of the Eights," on the Thames, the Isis, and descriptions are so many lessons in the processes
the Cam. There are ten plates, presenting scenes of and significance of etching, and are a grateful assist-
quiet beauty delineated with the delicacy and ance to an understanding of the various examples.
fidelity marking Mr. Farren's work. Each in turn It will not be disputed that the noblest plate in the
seems more interesting than the last, when looking collection is the “ Wood of Pierrefonds,” by Mar-
them through, and all bear searching and repeated tial. It is a magnificent work, revealing a master-
examination. “ Charon's Ferry is an exquisite hand in every one of its manifold details. One
drawing. The flood of light just above the horizon need not look here to M. Riordon for evidence of
and the trees on the right of the picture are finely the “ enormous skill of the etcher, or of his un-
managed. The reflections in the water in “ IMey rivalled capacity to surmount all difficulties in
Mill"
are excellently rendered. “ The Barges” sketching on copper. Martial's plate alone is worth
is another lovely plate, full of sunshine and of peace, the cost of the volume, and deserves to be framed
and yet there is vigorous action in the moving and hung on the wall. But there are many others,
figures, while all the objects in the foreground and uniting unmistakably merit with beauty-as “ After
middle distance are carefully defined. “Chiswich" Rain,” by Chauvel ; “ Rose-tree Street, Montmatre,”
likewise bespeaks a word of praise ; and also the by Beauverie ; “ Fishing Vessels,” by Appian ;
fragment on the title-page, with aquatic plants and “Quarrel at a Wine-Shop,” by Nehlig. But any-
a swallow skimming the water. The miniature one with a feeling for art and some slight acquaint-
drawings on the margins of the plates are dainty bits, ance with it, will discern the worth of these etch-
executed with exceeding finish. In this, as in his ings without other aid than M. Riordon atfords.
etchings of “Ely and Norwich,” Mr. Farren evinces There is perhaps no work among the classics of
a consummate command of the needle and an admira- English literature which lends itself more flexibly to
ble courage in the performance of honest hard work. the light and polished pleasantry of a Parisian
A fair opinion of the success which American illustrator than the “ Sentimental Journey” of Lau-
artists have obtained in the use of the etching neodle rence Sterne. The work is purely à la Francaise
may be gained from an examination of the ten in style and essence. Its soap-bubble airiness and
plates brought together under the title of “Some brilliancy, its shallow pretense of feeling, its coquetry
Modern Etchings” (White, Stokes, & Allen). The with trifling incidents, its simpering complacency,
art is in its infancy in this country, it being less than and its indulgence in subtle and lewd insinuation,
ten years since the first coöperative efforts in its ' identify it with the French rather than the English


1884.]
215
THE DIAL
school of manners even in the seventeenth century. in its interpretation of Dickens than another. All
In every page is mirrored the bowing, smirking, are strikingly true to the pictures the great novelist
mocking Frenchman, full of capers, shrugs, and has traced on his pages. The sad, set face of Peg-
gestures, which speak more freely and penetratingly gotty, the dignity of his bearing and kindliness of
than words could do. It is the figure of Sterne his heart, as indicated in the hand laid in blessing on
himself, who, born of the Celtish stock, inclined a little child's head, realize the vision we have all
more to the esprit of his ancestry in Gaul than in had in our minds of him who in his humble station
Ireland. But, such as it is, the odd, rambling, was as veritably one of nature's noblemen as the
elusive, bewitching narrative is transformed into a highest lord in the land. Little Nell, with hands
glittering mosaic by the clever pencil of M. Maurice clinging to her grandfather, as, seated by him on a
Leloir, who has inserted over two hundred drawings little knoll and looking back upon London, she
in the text, and interleaved it with twelve full-page murmurs involuntarily her morning's prayer for pro-
illustrations. Nothing could be more neatly or tection, is a most satisfactory reproduction of the
playfully expressive than these sketches, which are innocent and gentle maiden whose pathetic life and
radiant with spirit and humor. They are the de death everyone has wept over. ** The Two Wellers"
lightful recreations of an artist who to a perfectly are capital representations of both father and son.
trained hand joins an active and fertile imagination. The honest, burly figure of the one, and the trig,
The engravers have not been less skilful than the showy nake-up of the other, are faithful in every
artist, and their product is the perfection of graphic detail. The scene presenting “ Caleb Plummer and
art. All the external features of the volume are His Blind Daughter” is unspeakably touching.
characterized by good taste. The illustrations were With clasped hands and upturned face the blind girl
first brought out with a French translation of the is saying, "I see you, father, as plainly as if I had
work, issued in Paris ; and now they accompany the the eyes which I never want when I am with you."
English text, in beautiful quarto volumes, of which Mr. Pecksniff and Rogue Riderhood are not agreea-
two editions are published in America one hy ble personages to contemplate, yet we must acknowl-
Lippincott & Co. and one by J. W. Bouton.
edge that the artist has skilfully repeated the
The twelve “ Selected Pictures from the Book of creations of Dickens. The photogravures are clear
Gold” of Victor Hugo are gems of art in a casket in the minutest particular, and have the delicacy
of pearl. The pictures are the work of French of steel engravings.
artists, and are printed from the original blocks Readers are sure of something choice and fine
engraved in Paris. When it is added that they are when Philip Gilbert Hamerton prepares a book for
examples of the best workmanship of which France their delectation. It is invariably a serious, able,
can boast, there is nothing left to say. It would thorough, and entertaining essay on some subject of
seem that in respect of skilful manipulation, art can curious and profitable interest. His “ Paris in Old
no further go. Take the first two pictures, for and Present Times" but strengthens the ground of
example, by Charles Landelle. We have never seen this confidence. Its scope is not broad, but within
more delicate drawing more perfectly reproduced. its limits the research it comprises has been surprising
Not a mark of the pencil or the burin is visible even and is trustworthy. Its motive is a historical and
under the magnifying glass. The second picture, architectural review of a few of the most character-
“Written Under a Crucifix,” is a marvellous pro-
istic edifices and structures in Paris, such as Notre
duction, considered merely from a mechanical point Dame, the Sainte Chapelle, the Tuilleries, Luxem-
of view. The figure stands out like a statue, and bourg, Pantheon, and Invalides, together with some
the management of the light is no less wonderful. of the principal parks, gardens, and streets of the
The remaining pictures are likewise masterpieces in city. As a proper prelude to the consideration of
design and execution. All are figure-pieces save these separate features of the present capital, there
one, " Winged Things," by H. Giacomelli, a charm is a chapter on the old Gallo-Roman city of Lutetia,
ing composition in which birds afford the spark of which occupied the site of Paris when the great
animated nature. The “ Lullaby,” by Barrias, is a Empire, from its central seat on the Tiber, sent out
bit of tender sentiment, as is also “The Children in its legions and established its colonies in all parts of
the Library," by Adrien Marie. But there is not the known world. Mr. Hamerton traces from this
space to enumerate the whole series. They have early foundation the gradual transformation in its
but to come under the eye to secure each in succes topography and architecture which the city on the
sion its moed of admiration. The pictures are ac Seine has undergone, thus giving a clear and firm
companied with explanatory text taken from the idea of the process of its evolution-of its being,
writings of Victor Hugo, and translated by William in fact, a growth proceeding through ages and cou-
Shepard. The publishers (Lippincott & Co.) have forming to the necessities of varying and successive
given the work a chaste and artistic setting.
situations, rather than a creation of any one century
A portfolio containing a half-dozen "Character
Intermingled with this archælogical study
Sketches from Dickens," reproduced in photo are a multitude of critical reflections on the artistic
gravure from original drawings by Frederick Bar values of the great structures of Paris, not only as
nard, is put upon the market at this appropriate they now stand, but as they have appeared in other
season by Cassell & Co. It is a gift to be prized by and earlier forms and phases in past times. It is
any lover of fine art. The subjects of the series are needless to say that such a dissertation from one of
“ The Two Wellers,” “ Caleb Plummer and His the most scholarly art-writers in the English tongue
Blind Daughter," "Mr. Pecksniff," " Mr. Peggotty,” is of varied and sterling worth. . A series of splendid
“Little Nell and Her Grandfather,” and “ Rogue etchings and of wood-cuts of the first rank embel-
Riderhood.” The characters are very diverse, as the lish the work, which is presented to the American
enumeration declares ; but one is not more accurate 'public by Roberts Brothers,
or era.


216
[Dec.,
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or season.
It comes very near to a personal interview with Although Mr. George H. Boughton's account of
the author of "John Halifax, Gentleman,” to read his “Sketching Rambles in Holland” (Harpers)
her record of "An Unsentimental Journey through appears among the holiday books of this year, it is
Cornwall” (Macmillan & Co.). The writer speaks not a work limited in interest to any particular time
with almost the freedom and frankness used in the
It has genuine and distinctive merit
intercourse between friends, revealing at every step which gives it a lasting value. It is not necessary
and turn her tastes and feelings and her physical to state to the intelligent reader that Mr. Boughton
peculiarities. She tells unhesitatingly and often is one of the first painters in England to-day; that
that she is no longer young, nor lithe and active; he has been claimed by America as one of her sons,
that she must ride while others walk, or sit and wait because he was for some years during his youth and
while they scramble over rough and picturesque early manhood a resident of Albany, N. Y.; and,
places. But she also shows, indirectly yet surely, finally, that after a term of study in Paris he returned
that she retains cheerful and placid spirits, and a to his native country, where he has since pursued
fresh, tender, sympathetic heart. Her reflections, his art with distinguished success. Every lover of
constantly accompanying her descriptions, somehow painting is familiar at least with copies of Mr. Bough-
impress one sadly, despite her undoubtedly brave and ton's most admired essays on canvas; but this history
philosophic disposition. There is an undercurrent of an artist's tour in Holland is his first venture in
in her nature, solemn and wistful, as in all thought the literary field. By what accident he happened,
ful persons who have aspired beyond the possibilities in the present case, to take up the unaccustomed
to be attained in this world. The journey through pen along with the tried pencil, is related with
Cornwall was performed by Mrs. Muloch-Craik in mingled humor and modesty in the remarks by which
company with two young girls-her “chickens," as he introduces himself to the public as an author.
she calls them,--and was concluded in the space of But his book is its own excuse for being. It is an
fifteen days. It is narrated in a chatty, colloquial exquisite production, both from a literary and artistic
style - much, as we have said, as one friend would | point of view. Dates are withheld from the narra-
talk of it to another. This confiding manner adds tive, but they would be wholly superfluous; it is a
to the sketch a precious quality, like that of a pe matter of indifference when Mr. Boughton visited the
culiar and private communication, and gives it an land of Cuyp and Ruysdael His sole aim was to
importance which otherwise it would not have. The give his impressions of a country which, wearisomely
illustrations, by C. Napier Hemy, include some noble level and monotonous to the ordinary eye, offers
coast views and fine delineations of humble Cornish wonders of strange and picturesque beauty to the
life.
painter's vision. In a delightfully free, merry, col-
In certain respects--as in fineness of line, repre- loquial style, Mr. Boughton records those incidents
sentation of texture, effects of light and shade, and of his search after artistic material which were most
softness of tone--- American engravers have touched fortunate and therefore stamped themselves deepest
high-water mark in the illustrations of Mr. Roe's on his mind. As a narrator he is singularly happy,
“Nature's Serial Story." The work passed through revealing a faculty which is only inferior to his talent
“Harper's Magazine" originally, where the prodi as an artist.
When to this charm of prose descrip-
gality and beauty of its illustrations excited the tion is added a fine power of pictorial illustration, we
admiration of a host of readers. The story is one have a rare product indeed. The companion and
abounding in opportunities for pictorial embellish- assistant of Mr. Boughton in a part of his “Sketch-
ment, which have been felicitously improved by | ing Rambles” was Mr. E. A. Abbey, who contributes
the two desginers, Hamilton Gibson and F. Dielman. a considerable number of drawings to the elucidation
Nothing can exceed the grace of Mr. Gibson's floral of the text. The sketches of both artists have been
pieces--as witness “ Among the Roses," page 237, reproduced by skilled engravers whose work is of the
“ The Bee Harvest," page 217, and a multitude of very best quality; while the publishers have not been
examples of similar quality. Color could scarcely behindhand in the part devolving on them.
add to the charm of such work, in which the art of The volume of " Illustrated Poems of Oliver Wen-
the designer and the engraver are alike masterly. dell Holmes” exhibits, in every detail falling within
In landscape, too, Mr. Gibson is often most effective. the province of printer and binder, the refined taste
As specimens of special merits, “ The Sugar Bush," and careful execution characteristic of the best pro-
page 156, and “A Prospective Christmas Dinner," ductions of the Riverside Press. The cover is hand-
page 423, may be cited; and here, as elsewhere, the some, the paper is smooth and heavy, and the let-
engraver is not to be forgotten, for to his skilled | ter-press is beautiful. The selection, consisting
hand the pictures owe quite as much as to the inven of about thirty poems, is also satisfactory. But the
tion of the illustrator. Mr. Dielman, to whom the illustrations --- which are really the chief feature of
figure pieces are to be credited, has produced a a holiday book ---- are a disappointment. As a whole,
series of unusually pleasing compositions. In the they are weak; while in certain instances they are
portrait of Amy he has created an ideal of girlish unpardonably faulty. What sort of formations, for
loveliness. Unfortunately, his last picture, which instance, are those rising vertically in the landscape
should be the best, is the poorest; a little awkward on page 21? It is to be presumed they are intended
ness in the attitude of the male figure, and a defect for trees; but they look quite as much like rocks or
in Amy's face, marring the impression. To mention icebergs. On the following page there is wretched
one more error in Mr. Dielman's work, the calf in the drawing in the picture of Mary. Compare the hands
piece on page 187 is absurdly small. Despite all to speak of nothing else; are they mates? Any
imperfections which the critic may find in the book, one would take the willow tree, in the cut on page
it is one which publishers, artists, and engravers 85, for a fountain, at first glance. The drooping
may regard with honorable pride.
sprays of the willow branch, even, in stillness, describe


1884.]
217
THE DIAL
graceful curves. They do not drop in unbroken Wordsworth's “Ode on the Intimations of Immor-
perpendicular lines, like streams of water in a sheer tality” is a poem which the illustrator cannot touch
fall. The tail-piece on page 47 is good, strong without profaning it. Coleridge expressed the feel-
work. Some other minor cuts are well done. The ing of the most reverent minds when he said of it:
marines, among the larger engravings, bear criticism
"O lyric song, there will be few, think I,
better than the figure pieces; but our artists and
Who may thy import understand aright;
engravers should represent themselves more worthily
Thou art for them so arduous and so high!"
in one of the most prominent books of the season. The poem is an attempt to utter the unutterable;
An etching after the well-known portrait of Holmes to put in words thoughts and visions which transcend
forms the frontispiece to the volume.
the bounds of this universe and of our present life.
The contents of an artist's portfolio, combining The imagination can only by its utmost strain realize
lovely bits from nature, wreaths and clumps of the shadowy and supernal ideas it suggests. How
flowers, branches laden with leaves, and fragments futile, then, must be any endeavor to set forth these
of landscape, have been bound together in a volume phantom-like conceptions in concrete forms! The
entitled “One Year's Sketch Book” (Lee & Shepard). artists who have undertaken to illuminate the poem
The drawings illustrate the march of the seasons in the edition published by D. Lothrop & Co. have
with objects and scenes appropriate to each. They limited their efforts to the lines suggesting merely
are associated with scraps from the poets, selected material incidents; and these, in comparison with
with discrimination, and are prefaced with an introduc the sublime tenor of the ode, are puerile and imper-
tion, which, in the language of prose, is yet infused tinent. To say nothing more severe, they are out of
with deep poetic feeling. The whole is the work of place in connection with this great poem.
Miss Irene E. Jerome, a young artist of marked There is real utility in the plan of “The Guest-
promise. The sketches reveal a sensitive apprecia- Book," which will ensure it a general recognition.
tion of the beauties of nature, and an apprehension It is designed as a repository of thoughts registered
of the qualities in which that beauty exists. They by the honored guests of an individual or household
exhibit, too, a nice tact in the representation of the in memory of the entertainment they have enjoyed.
artlessness, simplicity, and spontaneousness of nature. Its blank pages offer room for graceful tributes to a
It is a good deal to have created a book with such host in the record of happy moments spent in his
charming characteristics; but we shall look for work company. An incident, a compliment, a sketch, an
from the same hand of a still higher order. The autograph, will serve to recall the whole history of
engraving of the illustrations, entrusted to George such occasions, and convey the gratitude of friends
T. Andrew, is of the best quality produced in Amer who have partaken of generous hospitality. The
ica. The other accessories of the book are equally Guest-Book is prepared by Annie F. Cox, who is
admirable.
also the designer of the illustrations which adorn the
It was a happy thought which suggested to Messrs. elegant holiday edition published by Lee & Shepard.
J. B. Lippincott & Co. the passage descriptive of The book is a long duodecimo in form, and is made
“The Seven Ages of Man," from Shakespeare's “As of rich, heavy paper, bound in cloth, with design
You Like It," as the text for an illustrated holiday- stamped in gilt and colors. The text consists of
book ; and they have embodied the thought in a mottoes chosen from various authors, and printed on
volume which in all mechanical details is a praise- every other page in ornamental type with illumin-
worthy production. Not so much can be said of ated capitals. The frontispiece is an exquisite
the illustrators, on whom in this case the burden of specimen of chromo-lithography, representing a
creating a chef d'auvre reposed. In the first illus- blazing hearth enwreathed with autumn leaves.
tration, Mr. F. S. Church treats us to the extraordin The same composition in a different setting closes
ary conceit nurse with a baby in her arms the volume. În all the details of conception and
balancing herself on a slender branch of some execution, the book is a delight to the eye and the
twining vine suspended by invisible supports just mind.
under the moon. Imagine the frantic spasms of a Uniform with the volume described above, the
mother who should discover the guardian of her infant same publishers issue “ The Baby's Kingdom," by
child practicing such insane gymnastics while in Annie F. Cox, a book as unique and beautiful in design
care of her babe! The portrayal of the schoolboy, as the former one. This last is for the use of mothers
by Mr. Harper, may be well enough of itself, but it who are wise enough to write out the story of their
has nothing to do with the text. Mr. Hovenden children's lives as they are lived from day to day.
has kept to the lines in his interpretation, and per- Again there are presented blank leaves for the rec-
haps the realism of a homely-faced lover is to be ord of dates and events of -leading importance in the
commended. The scene in which Mr. Gaul attempts baby's history, which cannot be trusted safely to the
to depict a soldier needs explanatory notes by the memory, but which are of lasting interest to those
artist. Messrs. Frost, Smedley and Shirlaw have nearest related to the little one, and therefore deserve
been more successful in their illustrations. The chronicling. There are suitable mottoes on alternate
composition of Mr. Smedley is natural and interest- leaves, with handsome letter-press, illuminated capi-
ing. That by Mr. Shirlaw is liable to the criticism tals, and graceful pictorial embellishments. The
of being over-dramatic; it recalls the image of mad book is a treasure for a loving mother, and a testi-
king Lear. The “artist's edition" of this work is a folio monial of the original and versatile genius of the
in size, with beautiful ornate type, printed on sump author. Like the previous volume, it is put up in a
tuous paper, and illustrated with photogravures handsome box, intended as its permanent resting
from original paintings. A smaller and plainer place.
edition, illustrated with engravings, is a square duo A beautiful gift-book is that in which the inspir-
decimo in form.
iting anthem, “ Hark! the Herald Angels Sing," by
a


218
[Dec.,
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the Rev. Charles Wesley, is treated with illustrations that Miss Talbot sees more in her art than the
from the old masters. The lyric contains twenty- | ability to please ; that it has a higher province
four stanzas, which are printed in couplets on the to instruct. The laying on, of the colors in the
left-hand pages of the volume, while on the opposite drawings, the work of the printer, has been exquis-
side an exquisitely executed engraving, appropriate itely done.
to their theme, faces them. In this order a succes Miss Susie Barstow Skelding contributes to the
sion of Madonnas, heads of tlie Christ-child, angels, holiday list a volume inclosing upwards of forty
cherubs, and devout personages associated in the poems from various authors, interspersed with a
sacred story with the advent of the Savior, are pre dozen flower-pieces drawn by herself and printed
sented, each being chosen from some masterpiece of in colors. The poems are all descriptive of the
the mediæval or modern painters. The most cher- denizens of the floral kingdom. A few of their
ished portraits of the Mother and Child, by Raphael, writers are of English birth, but the greater number
Correggio, Murillo, and Carlo Dolce, are included in are singers of our own land. The illustrations are
the collection, with the “ Chorister Boys” by Ander- prettily designed, and in several instances present, as
son, the scene in " Bethlehem” by Dobson, the a pleasing adjunct, a scroll containing a fac-simile
“ Easter Morning" by Plackhorst, etc. The engrav of the manuscript of one of our noted poets. The
ing of these pieces has been done under the supervis- book bears the title of Flowers from Garden and
ion of George T. Andrew, and is in every instance Glade," and is published by White, Stokes, & Allen.
good. The book is from the press of E. P. Dutton Miss Clarkson's 6 Violets Among the Lilies" (E. P.
& Co.
Dutton & Co.) is a sequel to “Violets with Eyes of
“The Ruskin Birthday Book” has been compiled Blue” and “ The Gathering of the Lilies,” by the
with exceeding care and good taste. The selections same author ; and is like — too like — the previous
which fill the left-hand pages, marking each day of works in character. People tire of annual pictures
the year, are by far the choicest that have been of lilies and violets, unless there is some decidedly
gathered into any compilation from this author. The fresh grace distinguishing each reproduction. There
entire volume of Mr. Ruskin's writings has been are some pleasing designs in this last collection ;
searched for them, and the result is a collection of but let us have something entirely new in Miss
lofty and eloquent thoughts, which are grandly im- Clarkson's next holiday volume.
pressive and uplifting. A fine steel engraving, Bishop Heber's stirring missionary hymn, “From
facing the title-page, shows a likeness of Ruskin Greenland's Icy Mountains," which was struck off
which is quite different from the one by which at a single sitting, is a succession of graphic and
Americans have hitherto known him. The editors of ! majestic pictures. These have been reproduced pic-
the book shelter themselves under the initials M. A. ; torially, and in the main acceptably, by the artists
B. and J. A.; but to the publishers (John Wiley & Thomas Gulfoye and Edmund H. Garrett; while
Sons ) we may express open praise for the chaste style their work has in turn been skilfully rendered by the
in which they have presented the volume.
engraver. Text and illustrations are tastefully pub-
Among the myriad volumes dressed in holiday lished by Lee & Shepard, and inclosed in pretty
attire is one of compact yet bulky form, comprising fringe-bordered covers.
biographical sketches of
- Our Great Benefactors," Bound volumes of the principal illustrated maga-
or, in more explicit words, of men and women who zines have come to occupy a regular and conspicu-
have aided in the progress of mankind by efficient ous place among holiday books. Indeed, it may be
service in the domain of letters, of the arts, of said of several of them that, taking into account
science, of commerce, of industry, or of philan- their low price and substantial contents, they are
throphy. Nearly a hundred different characters are probably unsurpassed in attractiveness for buyers
outlined in the work, which may be called a por- who would get the most for their money. No such
trait-gallery of eminent persons. The sketches are work as Cassell's “ Magazine of Art," for instance,
brief, and, though the product of many writers, have with its six hundred large quarto pages, its five
a uniform stamp of propriety and good sense, which hundred engravings, and its handsome paper and
may be credited to the editor, Mr. Samuel Adams binding, could, if prepared as an independent book,
Drake. Each article is accompanied with a full be afforded at the very low price of five dollars; nor
page illustration, in which a likeness of the subject could the yearly accretion of the “Century Maga-
is surrounded by emblematic objects and scenes. zine,” with its nearly two thousand pages and more
The engraving is without pretense, yet adds interest than six hundred illustrations, be sold in two hand-
to the book. (Roberts Brothers. )
somely bound volumes at three dollars each; nor
Of the publications of Lee & Shepard, adorned Macmillan's “ English Illustrated Magazine,” with
with colored illustrations, “ My Lady's Casket," nearly eight hundred profusely-illustrated pages, at
illustrated by Eleanor W. Talbot, bears off the two dollars and a half for the well-bound volume.
palm. The motive of the work is to delineate, Such cheapness is possible only to periodicals, which
under the title of jewels and flowers, the moral thus find a new market beyond their original form.
graces which most enhance the charms of woman Of the work first mentioned — the “ Magazine of
hood. The separate appurtenances of a lady's Art,"— it may be said that while it has many pict-
toilet are made the subjects of a series of pictures, ures of high merit, it is largely popular in aim,
in which the effects of graceful arrangement and occupying, as a magazine, about the same relation
exquisite color are charmingly blended. The signi- to technical art that the · Popular Science Monthly"
ficance given to the pictures by the accompanying does to technical science. It has, however, nothing
text lifts them up to a moral plane, and endows each cheap or mean about it, either in matter or illustra-
with the eloquence of a sermon. It is a peculiar tions. The circulation of the monthly issues of this
triumph to have accomplished this, and it proves magazine will act as a potent factor in the art edu-


1884.]
219
THE DIAL
ume.
cation of the people ; while the possession of a An artist who can put so much life into his
bound volume is something that any household may figures, making every stroke tell, or talk, so to
prize. The “Century” is too familiar to our readers speak, has a fund of power which may be relied
to need any detailed mention here. Anyone so un-
upon for any draft in the way of entertainment.
fortunate as not to possess the monthly issues of Mr. Hoppin is as sportive as he is spirited in his
this magazine should make haste to procure these drawings, and fun and jollity sparkle in their every
handsome volumes. They are rich alike in literary feature and contour. The Compton Boys, one
and artistic features. The printing of the illustra white and the other black, are true flesh and blood
tions in the " Century” is always conspicuously creations, and interest us from beginning to end in
good ; but the mechanical beauty of the bound their scrapes and adventures. They are good boys,
volumes is slightly marred by the use of two grades moreover, despite their mad-cap spirits and ex-
of paper-one for the illustrated sheets, and a poorer
haustless love of diversion ; and it follows rationally
quality for the letter-press : a defect which is not so and wholesomely that they should grow into noble
noticeable in the periodical issues.
manly men. There is pleasure and profit in read-
Of Calendars — which have become a standard ing their history, and happy will be the child who
and graceful feature of Holiday publications finds the book among his gifts on Christmas morning.
there is this year a very pretty collection, showing, Mr. Thomas W. Knox is well known to the boy-
on the whole, an artistic improvement over similar world as the author of engaging narratives of travel
productions of other seasons. The newest and
in various parts of the globe, which are to be looked
brightest of all is the Holmes Calendar -- the first
for annually about holiday time. This year he
with which that genial poet has been honored. The brings forth an account of “The Voyage of the
artist, Miss Dora Wheeler, has succeeded well in giv- Vivian to the North Pole and Beyond” (Harpers).
ing her design a light and buoyant tone, as befits It is a handsome volume, with a gay binding, a
an author in whose pages are so few sombre tints. colored frontispiece, and an abundance of good
The central feature is a portrait of Dr. Holmes, woodcuts. This is an opportune moment for the
surrounded by a group of joyous maidens who are description of an Arctic voyage, when the tragedies
decorating it with rose-garlands. The effect, with of the - Jeanette" and the Greeley expedition are
the delicate blendings of color and gilt illumination, fresh in people's minds. Mr. Knox crowns with
is highly pleasing and artistic. New Emerson, success the attempts of the “ Vivian " to solve the
Longfellow, and Whittier Calendars are issued for mystery of the north polar seas, and it is likely
1885, with fresh designs and selections, all in ex that only in fictions like his will the effort be ac-
cellent taste and rich artistic execution. The above complished. But there is much to be learned from
are published by Houghton, Mifflin & Co. - A his story, which is founded for the most part on
“Ruskin Time and Tide” (John Wiley & Sons) incidents that have actually occurred in the expe-
is a calendar of a somewhat novel form, consisting rience of Arctic explorers.
of a series of cards, bound between illuminated Nathaniel Hawthorne's " Wonder Book for Boys
paper covers, each left-hand page containing a and Girls” is reissued by Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
monthly calendar, and the right-hand page a suita- | in an extremely rich and tasteful style. The heavy
ble extract from Ruskin,-- extracts and calendars bevel-edged covers are handsomely decorated, and
being framed in different designs in colors. The the paper and print are such as to gratify the most
effect as a whole is good, though we scarcely think fastidious demand. The illustrations, by® F. S.
Ruskin would approve some of the coloring in the Church, are in harmony with the text and often
work. Besides these calendars, there is Marion Har- felicitous in conception. Still, they lack the
land's “Common-sense Household Calendar” (Scrib- strength to convey striking impressions, and are
ners), giving a portrait of the author, and måtter rather barren of thought. It is as though the
adapted chiefly to the daily needs of housekeepers; the artist considered it not worth his while to task him-
“George Macdonald Calendar” (White, Stokes & self in this sort of work, and was contented not to
Allen), in the ordinary card-board form, with a por-carry it carefully to any nice degree of finish.
trait of Macdonald and a tablet of extracts from his There is a pleasing grace in the outline and pose of
writings, one for each day in the year; the “ Crescent such figures as those on pages 35, 65, and 71, but
Calendar," by the same publishers,-a series of illu- there is no apparent excuse for the indefinite and
minated leaves, one for each month, cut into the confused lines in the illustrations, for example, on
form of a star and crescent, and tied with ribbon; pages 17, 21, 29, and 79. Such pictures do no
and "Cupid's Calendar” (Estes & Lauriat), a heart honor to the artist, and afford little comfort to the
shaped novelty, with quotations from love-literature, observer.
one for each day in the year, the whole being printed What miracles can be wrought with a fertile pen
in colors and gathered between lithographed covers, and pencil in the elaboration and enibellishment of
designed by Walter Satterlee.
a given text is shown in the juvenile containing
* Selections from Æsop's Fables,” versified by Mrs.
Clara Doty Bates, illustrated by E. H. Garrett, F.
H. Lungren, F. Childe Hassam, and published by
BOOKS FOR CHILDREN.
D. Lothrop & Co. The standard translation from the
original Greek is given first, following it the rhymed
The very first picture on the first page of Mr. version of Mrs. Bates, which, adhering to the out-
Hoppin's story of "Two Compton Boys" (Houghton, line of Æsop's tale, fills it in with a wonderful
Miffin & Co.) although it is a small one—the mere amount of ingenious detail. This magnified story
setting out of a capital letter — is a guaranty of the forms the basis for the embroidery of the designer,
excellence of the illustrations throughout the vol whose humorous and whimsical conceits are
as


220
[Dec.,
THE DIAL
thickset as the stitches in a pattern of Kensington there was no more gifted rehearser of the legends
needlework. They frame the text with borders of and myths of all nations than this eminent French
varied shape and size, fill the spaces between the scholar and statesman, who amused his leisure by
stanzas, and crowd even among the lines. Some- putting into new and finished forms surviving frag-
times they actually smother the text with their ments of primitive folk-lore. It was distinctively a
redundant fancies. It is an overflowing of fantastic labor of love with the author, and he threw into it
imagery without parallel in any child's book of the all the charms of his wit, sensibility, and moral
season ; yet, although so abundant, the illustrations power. The perfection of the literary art displayed
are not feeble or far-fetched. They afford genuine in these tales gives them an interest for adults as
entertainment, and a vast amount of it. A single well as children, for none can resist the attraction of
page is a prolonged and amusing study.
work of any kind so wonderfully well done. Over
A sample of the commendable work which is be three hundred drawings, designed by brilliant French
ing done in providing valuable literature for the artists, add to the merits of the volume.
young is shown in “Our Young Folks' Josephus," Another Bodley book! To say more is almost a
a simplified version of the Jewish historian, written waste of words. The children understand perfectly
by William Shepard, and published by J. B. Lip- the stores of entertainment inclosed in the covers
pincott & Co. The book comprises a brief life of of this series of popular juveniles by Horace E.
Josephus, a chronological table of the leading
events Scudder. The new number, describing an excursion
in Jewish history from 2078 B.C. to 70 A.D., and into Norway and Denmark, is called “ The Viking
the substance of the two works of Josephus, “ The Bodley," and is in every way as attractive as those
Antiquity of the Jews” and “The Jewish Wars." which have preceded it. It has the same form, the
Mr. Shepard has reproduced the narrative of the same quantity and quality of illustrations, the same
Jewish writer in a captivating form. His style is a sprightly narrative, and an equally merry party of
model of perspicuity and compression, and will be tourists, who gather amusement and information
apt to enchain the reader by its charm alone. A with a diligence not surpassed by any of the famous
number of illustrations after Doré are scattered Bodley family. A legion of young folks who delight
through the text.
in fireside travels will greet the work gratefully.
Uniform with the “Plutarch for Boys and Girls,” | (Houghton, Mifflin & Co.)
a book which met with general approval at the time Mrs. Champney's story of “Three Vassar Girls in
of its publication, there now appears “Herodotus South America” (Estes & Lauriat) is a composite
for Boys and Girls,” prepared by the same editor, production, having a groundwork of fact, a super-
Prof. John S. White, and published by G. P. Put structure of fiction, and a crowd of illustrations
nam's Sons. This second volume has all the merits partly the original work of “Champ” and partly bor-
of the first. It presents the immortal work of “the rowed from other books where they have previously
father of history” in a manner agreeable and invit served the purpose of their being. The fact in the
ing to young readers. Parts and passages which story comprises the local coloring: the descriptions
might prove tedious or unsuited to the more re of the scenery and the products of the southern half
fined delicacy of the modern taste have been omit of our western continent, which conform to the
ted ; but otherwise the story of the war between the accounts given by travellers and explorers on the
Greeks and Persians, which Herodotus related with Amazons. The fiction is written with a dashing and
so much vividness and circumstantiality, has been confident band, which tends easily toward exaggera-
repeated with faithful adherence to the author. As tion, and is careless at times of the niceties of syntax.
the editor states in his introdoction, he has allowed It is, however, a gay and sprightly book, that will
Herodotus to speak in his own words; and the boy find its quota of admirers.
or girl who will follow him to the end can hardly There is food for laughter in the “Stuff and Non-
fail to like him. The book is embellished with beau-
put between covers by A. B. Frost and pub-
tiful engravings, and in all details is tastefully pre- lished by Charles Scribner's Sons. The tale of a cat
sented.
which drank poison by mistake is graphically nar-
Drake's " Indian History for Young Folks” rated by means of the pencil alone, and in most of
(Harpers) has an attractive exterior. The cover is the scenes is very comical. The esthete also is
peculiarly pleasing in design ; print and paper leave humorously caricatured, and the balloonists meet
nothing to be desired ; and there is a wealth of with decidedly ludicrous adventures. In short,
illustration lavished in the interpretation of the text. where the illustrator relies solely upon his drawings
The only fault to be found is with the author, who for the portrayal of funny incidents, he is success-
has not performed his part as acceptably as it might ful; but when he employs the help of letter-press
be done. He has not learned the art of writing for interpretations, his conceits are more strained and
young folks as though he were face to face with less mirth-provoking. It is necessary to have great
them and as fresh in spirit as they are. In truth, care in the creation of grotesqueries not to carry
he is a little more stately and stiff in his manner exaggeration too far lest it pass over the bounds
than grown folks would find to their liking. How into vulgarity.
ever, the motive of the book is admirable. A his Publishers and artists have composed an attract-
tory of our aborigines furnishes valuable knowledge ive child's-book, with a series of stories in verse, writ-
for Americans, young or old, and those who read the ten by F. E. Weatherly, and illustrated in color by
present work will derive instruction from it.
Linnie Watt and in monotints by Ernest Wilson.
" The Last Fairy Tales," by the lamented Edward The name of the book is “Out of Town,” and it bears
Laboulaye, have been rendered into English by Miss the imprint of E. P. Dutton & Co. The monotints,
Mary L. Booth, and published by Harper Brothers. comprising landscape and still life, are very soft and
They are a precious legacy to the young, for lovely in effect, and poetical in subject and disposi-
sense


1884.]
221
THE DIAL
Dial.
tion. The delicate gray tint of the paper on which What is said elsewhere of the remarkable cheap-
they are printed afforls them an exquisite back ness, as compared with attractiveness, of the bound
ground. The colored drawings, which are enlivened volumes of periodicals, will apply with striking force
by human figures, are winning in their representa- to those standard juvenile magazines, "St. Nicholas"
tion of childhood's innocence and beauty. The and “Harper's Young People.” The latter provides
charm of the book is completed by illuminated covers. a bulky volume of over eight hundred quarto pages,
There is endless amusement for little folks in Mr. filled with illustrations, for three dollars and a half;
Lang's story of “The Princess Nobody" (Dutton & and “St. Nicholas”-in which both literary and
Co.) which is illustrated with colored drawings de- pictorial excellence is more strongly insisted on than
signed by Richard Doyle. Every picture is a study, it in other publication for the young-furnishes its
is so full of ideas, of action, and of drollery. The issues for 1884 in two richly bound volumes of nearly
scene lies always in fairy-land, where elves disport a thousand pages, at five dollars.
with birds and butterflies, and play hide-and-seek
under toad-stools, and lounge and sleep in flower-
cups. The capers cut by these tiny mischevious
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
people never fail of point and spirit, and therefore
DECEMBER, 1884.
are continually fresh and entertaining, however
often they are looked upon. The tale of the Prin Alchoholic Trance. T. D. Crothers. Pop. Sci. Monthly.
Americans, as Painted by Themselves. Andover Relicu.
cess seems to have been written to fit the illustra-
Andes, over the. Stuart Chisholm, Atlantic,
tions, which it does quite happily ; nevertheless it is Animal Character, Oddities of. Pop. Sci. Monthly.
Anthropology, American Aspects of. E. B. Tylor. Pop. Sci. Mo.
secondary in merit to the work of the artist.
Apostles' Creed, the. Andover Review,
A captivating book for the nursery is “ Play-
Buell, the Army Under, A. C. McClurg. Dial.
Canada and the British Connection. Edward Stanwood. Atlantio.
Time, or Sayings and Doings of Baby-Land," by Cannibalism as a Custom A, St. Johnston, Pop. Sci. Monthly.
Edward Stanford. It is a thin quarto, with pages
Christian Consciousness. Prof. Harris, Andover Review.
Christmas Past. Chas. Dudley Warner. Harper's.
all aglow with bright illustrations, and brisk, jing Colonial County Government in Virginia. E. Ingle. Mag. Am. His.
ling rhymes. There is signal talent in the draw Combination Novels. George P. Lathrop. Atlantic.
Conscience, the Evolution of. F. H. Johnson. Andorer Review.
ings, which, whether of figures or of flowers, are
Cookery, the Chemistry of. W. M. Williams, Pop. Sci. Monthly.
true to nature and vigorous in expression. Such Coppée, François. Frank T. Marzials. Atlantic.
Dublin City. Edward Dowden, Century.
work has a value even in the hands of children.
Economic Mistakes of the Poor. Century.
They feel its force, and not only do not tire of it, Evolution, Religion and the Doctrine of. F. Temple. Pop. Si. Mo.
but learn from it to appreciate and enjoy the grace
Fort Donelson, the Capture of. Gen. Lew Wallace. Century.
Friendship in English Poetry. J. C. Shairp. No. Am. Review.
and beauty of simple and natural forms and move Hamerton, Philip Gilbert. H. N. Powers,
ments in pictorial art.
Hartmann's Philosophy of the Unconscious. Paul Shorey. Dial.
Heine, the Poet. Emma Lazurus. Century.
“ The Hunter Cats of Connorloa," by Helen Jack House-Drainage, George E. Waring, Jr. Century
House of Lords, the British. George T. Curtis. No. Am. Review.
son (H. H.), is a story of Western life adapted to
Hunting Rocky Mountain Goat. W. A. Brillie-Grohman. Century.
nursery inmates. The nature of the subject--the Kings of Tiryus, Palace of the. Dr. Schliemann. No. Am. Reriew.
Labor and Capital before the Law. T. M. Cooley. No.Am. Review.
antics of the lower animals,--and the artless, familiar
Lakes of Upper Italy. Atlantic.
style of the relation, are of the sort to fascinate Liquefaction of the Elementary Gases. Jules Jamin. Pop. Sci. Mo.
infant minds. Mrs. Jackson shows the versatility
Literacy and Crime in Massachusetts. G. R. Stetson, Andover Rev.
Man a Creative First Cause. George I. Chase. indover Review.
and genuineness of her literary talents in none of her Marlowe, Christopher. R. H. Stoddard. Diui.
Missions in Mexico. Rollo Ogden. Andover Revier.
compositions more than in the simple tales which
Observing Faculties, Culture of. J. C. Glashaw. Pop. Sci. Mo.
she has written for children. The present story is Oil-Supply of the World, the. Pop. Sci. Mo.
Painters in Pastel, American. Mrs, van Rensselaer. Century.
adorned with illustrations, of course, for without
Perils of Rapid Civilization. C. F. Withington Pop. Sci. Mo.
these a child's book would be like a pudding without Poe's Legendary Years. G. E. Woodberry. Atlantic.
Presidency, Unsuccessful Candidates for the. Mag. Am. History.
plums.. (Roberts Brothers.)
Queer Flowers. Grant Allen. Pop. Sci. Monthly.
The collection of tales in “ The Old-Fashioned Railway Management, Notes on. W.K. Ackerman, Vo, Am, Rev.
Fairy Book” (Scribners) are very neatly told by
Responsibility for State Roguery. John F. Hume. No. Am. Rev.
Starvation: Moral and Physical Effects. N. E. Davies. Pop.Sci, Mo.
the author, Mrs. Burton Harrison. There are twenty Sun's Energy, the. S. P. Langley, Century.
Tariff Legislation. H. G. Cutler. Mag. Am. History.
three tales in all-enough to amuse a child at the
Taylor, Bayard. Paul H. Hayne. Andover Reviele.
first reading for many an hour; and, as children Time-Keeping, Reformation in. W. F. Allen. Pop. Sri, Mo.
Tylor, Biographical Sketch of Edward B. Pop. Sci. Mo.
never tire of reading or hearing good stories over
Universal Suffrage, Problem oi. Alfred Fouillée. Pop. Sci. Mo.
and over for a thousand and one times, there are Washingtons, Historie Portraits of. Miss Johnson. Mag. Am. His.
enough in this fat little book to serve until the Christ-
West, Significant Beginnings in. S. Barrows. Mag. Am. History.
Winter's Neighbors. John Burroughs. Century
mas of 1885 brings a new store. The illustrations, Zambla's Plot in New Orleans. Chas. Dimitry. Mag. Am. History.
which are quite charming as a rule, are drawn by
Miss Rosina Emmett.
“ The Game of Mythology,” by Laura Wheaton
BOOKS OF THE MONTH.
Abbott Cooke, may be commended as both entic-
ing and instructive. It resembles the game of
[The following List includes all New Books, American and Foreign,
authors, being played with a set of cards in a
receive aduring Vovember (excepting in the few cases otherwise
similar manner; only in this case the cards con-
specified) by MESSRS, JANSEN, MCCLURG & Co., Chicago.]
tain the names and the stories of the gods, god-
desses, and deified heroes belonging to Grecian
ILLUSTRATED BOOKS.
and Roman mythology.
It is an excellent mode
Rubriyat of Omar Khayyam, the Astronomer-Poet of
by which to familiarize children with an import Persia. Rendered into English Verse by Edward Fitzgerald.
ant branch of classical lore, giving in the process of
With an Accompaniment of Drawings by Elihu Vedder.
Folio. Net, $25.
a healthful recreation what would otherwise have to The book will long furnish subject for discussion and conjec-
Taken as a whole, we do not recall so thoroughly
be learned by serious study.
arti -tic a piece of work of our clay.”—The Vation.
ture.


222
[Dec.,
THE DIAL
Illustrated Poems of Olirer W. Holmes. Numerous
Illustrations. 8vo, pp. 89, gilt edge , $5.
The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table is always sure of loving
readers, and of delighted readers al o. The illustrations in this
beautiful volume are worthy of the poems.
An Unsentimental Journey Through Cornwall. By the
Author of "John Halifax, Gentleman." Illustrated. Quarto,
pp. 144, gilt edges. London. $4.
My Lady's Casket of wels and Flowers for Her Adorning.
Illustrated in colors by Eleanor W. Talbot. Oblong 8vo, gilt
edges. $5.
The Creoles of Louisiana. By G. W. Cable. Illustrated.
8vo, pp. 320. $3.50.
Although Mr. Cable's account of the Creoles of Louisiana is
concern d with but a part of the State, it is far more than a mere
contribution to local history. The exquisite illustra ions are an
important feature of the book."--- Publisher's announcement.
Selections from Æsop's Fables. Versified by Mrs. C. D.
Bates. Accompanied by the standard translations from the
original Greek. Profusely illustrated. 4to, gilt edges. $3.
Sheridan's Comedies, The Rivals and The School for Scan-
dal. Edited with Introduction and Notes, and
Biographical Sketch of Sheridan, by Brander Matthews.
Illustrated by Abbey, Barnard, Blum, and Reinhart. 8vo, pp.
333. $3.
The Guest Book. In which may be recorded the Coming and
Going of Guests, with pages for Autographs, Incidents,
Sketches, etc. Designed and Illustrated by Annie F. Cox.
4to. gilt edges, $3.75 ; Turkey morocco, $7.50.
Baby's Kingdom. Wherein may be chronicled as memories
for grown-up days the Mother's Story of Events, Happenings
and Incidents attending the progress of the Baby. Designed
and Illustrated by Annie F. Cox. 4to. Gilt edges, $3.75;
Turkey morocco, $7.50.
The Western World. Picturesque Sketches of Nature and
Natural History in Northern and Central America, By W.
H. G. Kingston. Pp. 278, $1.25.
an
&
covers.
BIOGRAPHY-HISTORY.
Romco and Juliet. Edition de Lure. With twelve Superb
Photogravures from Original Drawings by Frank Dicksee,
A. R. A., expressly executed for this work and reproduced by
Goupil & Co., Paris. The work is printed on Whatman's
hand-made paper, and a series of original drawings serve as
ornamental headings and initials, each drawing being an
exquisite little work of art. Folio. $25.
Holland and Its People. By Edmondo De Amicis. The
Zuyder-Zee Edition. With full-page etchings by Gifford,
Colman and others, full-page photogravures, and other illus-
trations printed upon Japan paper and mounted in the text.
This edition will be printed from type and will be limited to
250 copies on the finest ragged-edge Line Paper, with one set
of the etchings on India paper, bound with the text, and one
set on satin, mounted, with mat and in portfolio, ready for
framing. Price, $25.
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66


1884.]
223
THE DIAL
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224
[Dec.
THE DIAL
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THE DIAL
No. 57.
CONTENTS.
MONTCALM AND WOLFE.
Edward G. Mason
235
Paul Shorey
237
MELVILLE'S STORY OF THE “LENA DELTA."
Sara
A. Hubbard
240
CAPTAIN BOURKE'S NARRATIVE OF THE MOQUIS
INDIANS. W. F. Allen
242
SIDNEY LANIER.
Francis F. Browne
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
249
249
VOL. V. JANUARY, 1885.
Illinois territory, which will have a special
interest to citizens of our State.
“The names on the title -page
stand as repre-
sentative of the two nations whose final contest
for the control of North America is the subject
of the book," and the story opens on the eve of
the Seven Years War. In the breathing-space
HARTMANN'S PHILOSOPHY OF THE UNCONSCIOUS.
which followed the peace of Aix-La-Chapelle,
France and England were competing for
supremacy in the region of the Great Lakes
and of the Ohio. While Celoron De Bienville
was descending the Ohio River in 1749, with a
band of soldiers and Indians, taking possession
of the country for the King of France, by the
244 simple process of burying leaden plates, with
246 high-sounding inscriptions, near the mouths of
Mrs. Pennell's Biography of Mary Wollstonecraft.-Bur-
the tributary streams, English traders were
roughs's Fresh Fields.-Max Müller's Biographical Es-
gaining footholds in the same great valley
says.-Lady Brassey's In the Trades, the Tropics, and
wherever goods could be exchanged for furs.
the Roaring Forties.-Mrs. Dorr's Bermuda, An Idyl of
The collision between the rival powers could
the Summer Islands.-Yates's Memoirs of & Man of the
not long be averted.
World.--Stevens's History of Gustavus Adolphus.-Wolf's
The French, with their forts, at Crown Point,
Biography of Sir Moses Montefiore.-Smiles's Men of
on Lake Champlain, at the mouth of the Niag-
Invention and Industry.-Reid's The Life and Times of
ara River, and at the forks of the Ohio, had
the Rev. Sydney Smith.
seized the keys to all the inland territory.
Though far inferior to the English colonists in
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS FOR JANUARY
numbers, they relied with confidence on their
BOOKS OF THE MONTH
centralized organization, their superior military
position, and the divided counsels and interests
of their opponents. They perhaps committed
the first overt act, by driving a band of pioneers
MONTCALM AND WOLFE.*
from the site of Pittsburg, in April, 1754, but a
The announcement of a new work by Francis volley from the hunting pieces of a few back-
woodsmen commanded by a Virginian youth,”
Parkman, in the series of “France and En-
gland in North America,” was received with
in the following month, "gave the signal which
exceeding pleasure by all who are interested in The death of Coulon De Juinonville and his
set Europe,” as well as America, “in a blaze."
the early history of our country. His previous comrades in the brief encounter with George
productions gave them full assurance of high Washington and his frontiersmen, in a dark
enjoyment and of real benefit from his latest glen in the wilds of Western Pennsylvania, was
publication, and these expectations have not the beginning of the Seven Years War, which
been disappointed. The exhaustive research
made England what she is, and supplied to the
and the judicial impartiality which have here-
tofore distinguished this great historian are
United States the indispensable condition of
again exhibited, as well as the delightful style ence.”
their greatness, if not of their national exist-
and the wonderful word-painting which make
his historical narratives almost unique. If the sity, to Coulon De Villiers
, a brother of the
The surrender of Washington, at Fort Neces-
present one shall seem at all to lack the fresh-
ness and novelty of its predecessors, it is per- from Illinois, quickly followed; and, strange to
slain Jumonville, in whose command were troops
haps entirely due to the fact that our author
say, it occurred upon the Fourth of July. The
has already, in his “Conspiracy of Pontiac,"
vividly sketched some of the events which he English had now no fortified position west of
the Alleghanies. By another summer, how-
now portrays in detail
. It completes the series
as first proposed, with the exception of the
ever, British regulars and colonial militiamen,
under the ill-fated Braddock, were hewing
promised volumes upon the period from 1700 their way through “a realm of forests ancient
to 1749, including the first settlement of the
as the world,” to recover the lost ground.
the fatal disaster which ensued so graphic a
* MONTCALM AND WOLFE.
Little, Brown & Co.
description is given that we can almost see
Of
By Francis Parkman.
Boston:


236
[Jan.,
THE DIAL
as,
the savage warriors swarming among the trees, rangers, muffled against the piercing cold, caps
the close scarlet ranks wasting away beneath of fur on their heads, hatchets in their belts
the deadly fire, the fall of the gallant bull-dog and guns in their mittened hands, glided on
who commanded them, and the terrible rout skates along the gleaming ice floor of Lake
which made “Braddock's Defeat” a term of George, to spy out the secrets of Fort Ticon-
sorrowful memory along the whole Atlantic deroga, or seize some careless sentry to tell them
coast.
tidings of the foe."
So far, the honors were with the French; but In the spring of 1756 war was formally
their undaunted foemen had not yet begun to declared, and the Marquis De Montcalm came
fight. An attack on Crown Point had been from France to command his sovereign's troops
planned, and New England and New York fur in America. In July he descended upon Fort
nished the little army, three thousand strong, Oswego, on the site of the city of that name,
which, under the command of William Johnson, captured the place and the garrison, and
moved slowly northward to Lake George. The returned “loaded with prisoners and spoil to
many letters and journals of participants in Montreal, where his army hung the captured
this campaign, which Mr. Parkman has gath- fags in the churches and sang Te Deum in
ered, reproduce under his magic touch the honor of their triumph.” In the year follow-
daily life of these soldiers, their trials and ing, with his regulars, provincials, and savage
pleasures, their marches and their encamp- allies, among whom trooped Pottawattomies
ments, and even their religious services, which and Menominees from Lake Michigan and
sometimes were based on such untimely texts Miamis from the prairies of Illinois, he laid
“Love Your Enemies.” There was good siege to Fort William Henry, “whose earthen
material, however, in the motley array. “The mounds still stand by the brink of Lake
sturdy Israel Putnam was a private in the George.” The brave Scotch veteran, Munro,
ranks of Connecticut, and another as bold as who commanded there, after a gallant defence
he, John Stark, the future victor of Benning was obliged to capitulate; and then followed
ton, was a lieutenant in the New Hampshire the dreadful massacre of the English by the
levies, and Ephraim Williams, the founder of Indians, which Montcalm and his officers strove
Williams College, was a Colonel of a Massachu- in vain to prevent.
setts regiment.” Against them the veteran But in 1758 the English by sea and land
Baron Dieskan, a tried lieutenant of Marshal encompassed Louisbourg, the strongest