541 THE DIAL The University of Cbicago Libraries Cres Vita Cat Sci Exco lentia latur TUTTURA GIFT OF hans. a. miller James a THE DIAL A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information VOLUME XXIX. JULY 1 TO DECEMBER 16, 1900 CHICAGO THE DIAL COMPANY, PUBLISHERS 1900 رسانی : 6 بار) LIBRARIES AP2 I 48 CHICAJO, ILL. v.2.9, coboz INDEX TO VOLUME XXIX. ülim Kehore PAGK 259 Francis Wayland Shepardson 94 . . . . . 43 AMERICAN HISTORIAN, MEMOIRS OF AN. AMERICAN HISTORY, TRANSITION PERIOD IN AMERICAN LITERATURE, TENDENCIES OF, IN THE CLOSING QUARTER OF THE CENTURY AMERICAN LITERATURE, THREE CENTURIES OF AMERICAN POLITICIAN, A GREAT . AMERICAN VERSE, A CENTURY OF ANIMALS, MENTAL PROCESSES OF . Balzac, HONORÉ DE . BIBLE STUDENTS, NEW TOOLS FOR BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG, 1900 Books OF THE FALL SEASON OF 1900 CHINA AND THE CHINESE CHINA, LATEST BOOKS ON Civil WAR, MR. FISKE ON THE COLONIAL TIMES AND MANNERS, RECORDS OF CONTINENTAL LITERATURE, A YEAR OF CROMWELL, MORLEY'S AND ROOSEVELT's DEMOCRACY AND EMPIRE EDUCATION, RECENT Books ON EDUCATION, SECONDARY AND HIGHER, A Year's ProGRESS IN EVOLUTION, GREAT APOSTLE OF FICTION, RECENT GENTLE READER, THE HOLIDAY PUBLICATIONS, 1900 HOWELLS's MEMORIES HUMAN SPECIES, STUDIES OF THE I-NOVEL, CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF ITALY, SOUTHERN, RULERS OF . LITERARY CONSCIENCE, A QUESTION OF MANIFEST DESTINY, A CHILD OF MARTINEAU, JAMES: A STUDY MEXICAN INDIANS, AN ETHNOGRAPHIC ALBUM OF MIND, ARCHITECTURE OF THE · MONT BLANC MOUNTAINEERING MOORS, EMPIRE OF THE MÜLLER, FREDERICK Max. NATURE BY DOWN AND PAVE. NEW ENGLAND, A GREAT LADY OF NIETZSCHE AND HIS PHILOSOPHY PAGEANTRY OF LIFE . PEACE CONFERENCE AT THE HAGUE PHILIPPINE QUESTION PER SE PHILOSOPHY, MODERN, HISTORY OF POETRY, RECENT Public Schools OF ENGLAND, Two GREAT REIGN OF TERROR, A DAUGHTER OF THE RELIGIOUS DISCUSSION, SCOPE OF ROLAND, MADAME, GIRLHOOD MEMORIES OF ROMAN ART, DEVELOPMENT OF RUSKIN, THREE BOOKS ABOUT . SCHOOL, A GREAT, BEGINNINGS OF SHAKESPEARE OR BALZAC: Which is GREATER? SHAKESPEARE, Two AMERICAN STUDENTS OF . SOUTH AMERICAN REPUBLICS, Two . Charles Leonard Moore . 295 485 B. A. Hinsdale 117 257 C. C. Nutting 169 Louis J. Block 417 Ira M. Price 357 432, 505. 167 Wallace Rice 71 Wallace Rice 305 James Oscar Pierce 49 415 65, 89 298 James Oscar Pierce 174 B. A. Hinsdale, A. S. Whitney 97 B. A. Hinsdale Charles A. Kofoid 349 Wm. Morton Payne 21, 124, 306, 496 413 424, 499 490 Frederick Starr 96 Katharine Merrill 11 Josiah Renick Smith 352 115 Edward E. Hale, Jr. 354 222 Merton 1. Miller: 52 217 171 Ira M. Price 51 345 Sara A. Hubbard 120 Mary Augusta Scott 261 Sigmund Zeisler 219 Lewis Worthington Smith 495 Franklin H. Head 420 Wallace Rice 422 Paul Shorey 225 William Morton Payne . 229 H. M. Stanley 93 Josiah Renick Smith 228 John Bascom 76 Josiah Renick Smith 303 Edward E. Hale, Jr. 421 William Morton Payne 264 B. A. Hinsdale 301 Hiram M. Stanley 347 Melville B. Anderson 492 J. 0. P. . 356 . . . . . . ( le arsen When wak 1030757 INDEX. iii. PAGR • . . Chas. F. Lummis Max West Walter F. Mccales James Oscar Pierce Wallace Rice . SOUTHWESTERN PIONEER, A TAXATION AND GOVERNMENT, STUDIES IN "TEXAS, ROMANTIC HISTORY OF THEOCRACY AND DEMOCRACY Things OUT OF DOORS TRAVEL, SOME RECENT Books OF "TRAVELS BY LAND AND SEA WARNER, CHARLES DUDLEY WHEAT PROBLEM, THE WORLD's . WORKING PEOPLE OF AMERICA 172 176 122 74 19 267 15 293 266 50 . E. T. Peters John J. Holden ANNOUNCEMENTS OF Fall Books, 1900 Books FOR SUMMER READING, CLASSIFIED List of BRIEFER MENTION BRIEFS ON NEw Books Notes , TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS Lists Of New Books . 183, 237 30 29, 56, 80, 102, 133, 182, 236, 272, 311, 362 25, 53, 78, 100, 129, 179, 233, 270, 309, 358 29, 56, 81, 103, 133, 182, 236, 273, 312, 362, 439, 508 • 31, 82, 134, 240, 313, 440 31, 57, 82, 134, 240, 273, 313, 364, 440, 509 PAGE . . . . • 500 . . . . . . . . . . . AUTHORS AND TITLES OF BOOKS REVIEWED. PAGR Abbott, Charles C. In Nature's Realm 19, 502 Beard, D, C. Outdoor Handy Book 434 Abbott, Evelyn. History of Greece, Part III. 237 Bell, Lilian. As Seen by Me 27 Adams, C. K. British Orations, new edition . 363 Benson, E. F. The Princess Sophia 127 Adams, H. B. Educational Work in Baltimore. 98 Besant, Sir Walter. The Alabaster Box 309 Adams, John, Story of 129 Best, George A. Home of Santa Claus 507 Addis, W. E. Deuteronomical Writers 234 Betts, Craven L. A Garland of Sonnets 232 Adney, Tappan. The Klondike Stampede 17 Bicknell, Frank M. The Bicycle Highwaymen 434 Alden, Raymond M. Art of Debate 237 Blackmar, F. W. Economics . 439 Allen, Charles. Bacon-Shakespeare Question 28 Blackmore, R. D. Lorna Doone, illus. by Johnson 429 Allen, Grant. Paris Blanchard, Amy E. Dimple Dallas 506 Allen, James Lane. A Kentucky Cardinal, and Blanchard, Amy E. Her Very Best 435 Aftermath, illustrated by Hugh Thomson 500 Blumentritt, Ferdinand. The Philippines . 422 Allen, James Lane. The Reign of Law 21 Boden, G. W., and d'Almeida, W. B. Wonder Altsheler, Joseph A. In Circling Camps 307 Stories from Herodotus . . 436 American Art Exhibit at Paris, 1900, Catalogue of 56 Bodley, J. E. C. France, one-volume edition 273 American Wit and Humor 504 Bolton, F. E. Secondary School System of Germany 99 Among the Flowers, and Among the Birds 504 Bonebill, Ralph. For Liberty of Texas 505 Andersen's Fairy Tales, illus. by Hans Tegner . 436 Bonehill, Ralph. The Young Bandmaster 433 Andrews, S. J. William Watson Andrews 131 Bookman Classics . 436, 504 April Baby's Book of Tunes . 506 Booth, W. S. Notes for Guidance of Authors 273 Arabian Nights, illus. by T. H. Robinson . 507 Bo-Peep, a Treasury for the Little Ones . 507 Archibald, Mrs. George. Joel Dorman Steele 132 Borrow, George, Works of, Lane's edition 362 Arnold, Sarah L. How to Teach Reading 99 Bowker, R. R. The Arts of Life 235 Atherton, Gertrude. Senator North 126 Bradby, H. C. Rugby 93 Attwood, F. G. Attwood's Pictures 501 Brady, Cyrus T. American Fights and Fighters . 361 Austin, Alfred. Spring and Autumn in Ireland . 269 Brady, C. T. Commodore Paul Jones . 361 Babcock, M. D. Calendar for 1901 505 Brady, C. T. Recollections of a Missionary 271 Bailey, L. H. Botany. 508 Brady, C. T. Reuben James . 505 Bailey, L. H. Cyclopædia of Horticulture, Vol. II. 180 Brady, C. T. Stephen Decatur 182 Ballard, E. G. Liberty, Independence, and Self- Brady, c. T. The Grip of Honor C. . 307 Government 423 Brereton, F. S. In the King's Service ..432 Bancroft, Frederick. Life of Seward 117 Brereton, F. S. With Rifle and Bayonet 433 Banks, Charles E. A Child of the Sun 433 Bridgman, L. J. Mother Wild Goose . 438 Barbour, Ralph. For Honor of the School 505 Brinkerhoff, Roeliff. Recollections of a Lifetime 130 Barrett, C. R. Sbort Story Writing, new edition 273 Amy. Barrie, J. M. Tommy and Grizel 308 Barry, Fanny. Soap Bubble Stories 438 In of Flag 433 Barry, William. Arden Massiter 27 Barton, W. E. The Prairie Schooner 434 The of Lafayette 433 Bascom, John. Growth of Nationality . 100 Brooks, Sarah W. The Search of Ceres 232 Baum, L. Frank. A New Wonderland 436 . 363 Baum, L. Frank. Wonderful Wizard of Oz 436 Brown, Annie C. Fireside Battles 437 Baylor, Frances C. A Georgian Bungalow 435 Brown, Caroline Knights in Fustian 24 Beard, D. C. Jack of All Trades 434 Browne, G. Waldo. The Young Gunbearer . 506 . . . a . . . . . . . . Brooks , E. s. Century Book of American Colonies 432 24 Brooks , E. S. Story of the Nineteenth century . . . . . . . . . . . iv. INDEX. PAGE . . . . . . . • . . 99 . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 . . 78 . Browning, Mrs., Poems of, “ Cambridge” edition 312 Browning's Pippa Passes, illus. by M. Armstrong . 502 Brownings, the, Beautiful Thoughts from 505 Bruncken, Ernest. North American Forests . 100 Buehler, Huber G. Modern English Grammar . 237 Buell, A. C. Paul Jones 310 Burgess, Gelett. Goops 437 Burroughs, John. Squirrels and Other Fur-Bearers 360 Bury, J. B. Gibbon's Decline and Fall, Vol. VII. 236 Bury, J. B. History of Greece. 439 Butler, A. G. The Choice of Acbilles 229 Butler, H. C. Scotland's Ruined Abbeys, new ed. 508 Butler, T. E. Nanny 437 Butterworth, Hezekiah. In Days of Jefferson 505 Butterworth, H. Travellers' Tales of South Africa 505 Byers, S. H. M. Twenty Years in Europe 102 Caddick, Helen. White Woman in Central Africa 269 Caffyn, Mrs. Mannington. The Minx 127 Caldwell, H. W. American History 133 Canton, William. Reign of King Herla 435 Carlyle's French Revolution, illustrated edition 56 Carpenter, Frank G. South America 269 Carpenter, G. R. Elements of Rhetoric 312 Carpenter, J. W. A Visit to Santa Claus . 438 Carryl, G. W. Mother Goose for Grown-Ups 504 Carter, C.F. The Wedding Day 429 Carus, Paul. Eros and Psyche 430 Carus, Paul. Whence and Whither? 236 Cary, Elizabeth L. The Rossettis . 426 Castle, Agnes and Egerton. The Bath Comedy Castle, Egerton. Consequences 307 Century Classics 363 Chalmers, Thomas. Economy of Large Towns Chambers, Robert W. The Cambric Mask 22 Chambers, Robert W. The Conspirators 22 Champlin, J. D. Young Folks' Cyclopædia, 3d ed. 57 Chapman, Frank M. Bird Studies with a Camera 21 Chapman, Frederie. Proverbs Improved 437 Chapman, Katharine E. A Fairy Night's Dream 435 Chapman, S. J. Local Government and State Aid 178 Cheever, Harriet A. Little American Girl in India 438 Cheever, Harriet A. Ted's Little Dear 437 Child, F. S. The Little Dreamer's Adventure 437 Chinese Empire, Past and Present 71 Charles, Louis. Fortune Hunters of the Philippines 506 Chatterbox for 1900. 438 Cholmondeley, Mary. Diana Tempest, new edition 56 “ Chord, The," Number V.. 439 Church, A. J. Helmet and Spear 436 Clark, G. Orr. The Moon Babies 438 Clarke, J. C. C. Man and his Divine Father . 77 Clement, Clara E. Heroines of Bible in Art. 429 Clews, Henry. Wall Street Point of View 311 Clowes, W. L. The Royal Navy, Vol. V.. 358 Cobbold, Ralph P. Innermost Asia . 15 Coe, George A. The Spiritual Life . 77 Colby, F. M. International Year Book, 1899 29 Coleridge, E. H. Byron's Poems, Vol. III. 131 Coloma, Luis. Currita 128 Colquhoun, A. R. Overland to China 72 Colquhoun, A. R. Russia against India 305 Conner, J. E. Uncle Sam Abroad 102 “Connor, Ralph.” Black Rock, and The Sky Pilot, illus. by Louis Rhead 431 Conway, W. M. The Alps, new edition • 312 Cook, F. A. Through the First Antarctic Night . 267 Cook, Joel. America 500 Cooper, J. Fenimore. Ned Myers PAGE Cooper's Last of the Mohicans, illus. by Brock 503 Cope, E. D. Crocodilians, Lizards, and Snakes 363 Corbin and Going. Urchins of the Sea . 438 Cornford, L. Cope. Robert Louis Stevenson 53 Costello, F. H. A Tar of the Old School 434 Costello, Louisa L. Rose Garden of Persia, new ed. 362 Coubertin, Pierre de. France since 1814 79 Coues, Elliott. On the Trail of a Spanish Pioneer 172 Counsel upon the Reading of Books . 361 Cowbam, Hilda. Fiddlesticks 438 Craigie, Mrs. Robert Orange . 497 Craik, Mrs. John Halifax, in “Illustrated Ro- mances series. 431 Crane, Elizabeth G. Sylva 233 Crane, Walter. Picture Books, large size re-issue 507 Crawford, F. Marion. Rulers of the South . 352 Crawshaw, W. H. Literary Interpretation of Life 78 Crockett, S. R. Joan of the Sword Hand 127 Crockett, S. R. The Isle of the Winds 127 Cromwell, J. H. The American Business Woman 181 Crookes, Sir William. The Wheat Problem 266 Cust, Lionel. History of Eton College . 235 Dana, Mrs. W. S. How to Know the Wild Flowers 19 Daniels, W. M. Elements of Public Finance . · 177 Daskam, Josephine D. Sister's Vocation 506 Daudet's Works, Library edition . 103, 133, 311, 439 David, Psalms of, illus. by Louis Rhead 501 Davidson, Thomas. History of Education . 181 Davie, Oliver. Art of Taxidermy, new edition 236 Day's Work Series 508 Dearmer, P. Highways and By ways in Normandy 55 Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, illus. by brothers Rhead 436 De Forest, Katherine. Paris as It Is 56 Deniker, J. Races of Man . 96 De Vinne, T. L. Plain Printing Types . 272 Dewey, John. The School and Society . 98 Dickens's Works, “ Temple” edition . 425 Dickens's Christmas Carol, and Cricket on the Hearth, illus. by F. S. Coburn . 428 Dickson, W. B. Psalms of Soul . 504 Dilke, Lady. French Architects and Sculptors of the XVIIIth Century 499 Dillingham, Frances B. Christmas - Tree Scholar 437 Dithmar, E. A. John Drew 427 Dodgson, C. L. Alice books, illus. by Blanche McManus, one-volume edition . 436 Doberty, W. B. You and Your Doctor 270 Dole, Nathan Haskell. Burns's Poems 273 Douglas, Amanda M. Almost as Good as a Boy 435 Douglas, Langton. Fra Angelico 425 Douglas, Robert K. History of Cbina 26 Drake, S. A. Old Landmarks of Boston, revised ed. 362 Drake, S. A. Myths and Fables of To-Day 182 Drysdale, William. The Treasury Club 434 Du Bois, Patterson. Point of Contact in Teaching 272 Du Chaillu, Paul. World of the Great Forest 434 Dudeney, Mrs. Henry. Folly Corner 127 Dugmore, A. Radclyffe. Bird Homes 20 Dumas, A. Valois Romances, Crowell's edition , 312 Dunn, Byron A. Battling for Atlanta 433 Dye, Eva E. McLoughlin and Old Oregon 270 Eardley-Wilmot, S. Our Fleet To-Day . 101 Earle, Alice M. Stage-Coach and Tavern Days - 426 Echerolles, Mme. des. Reign of Terror 228 Edwardes, Charles. Jones the Mysterious . 434 Edwards, H. Sutherland. Personal Recollections 130 Eickemeyer, Rudolph, Jr. Down South ... 430 Eickemeyer, R., Jr. In and Out of the Nursery . 438 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 O 7 INDEX. V. . lo . . . . • . . w . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > . . PAGE PAGB Ellet, Elizabeth F. Women of the Revolution 503 Greenslet, Ferris. Joseph Glanvill . 133 Elliott, Sarah B. Sam Houston 311 Gregory, Eliot. Ways of Men 80 Elizabeth and her German Garden, and The Soli- Grinnell, G. B. Jack among the Indians 434 tary Summer, Holiday editions 431 Gusman, Pierre. Pompeii . 499 Elizabeth and her German Garden, revised ed. 133, 312 Hale, Edward E. Emerson 55 Elson, H. W. Side Lights on American History 80 Hall, T. C. Social Meaning of Modern Religious Elson, Louis C. Shakespeare in Music . 501 Movements. 76 Ethics and Religion 76 Hall, T. W. Heroes of Our Revolution 433 Exhibition Paris, 1900 57 Halleck, R. P. History of English Literature 129 Farnham, Charles H. Life of Francis Parkman 259 Hartmann, Sadakichi. Shakespeare in Art · 501 Farrar, F. W. Life of Christ in Art 359 Hamer, S. H. Animal Land 507 Farwell, Abbie. Book of Saints 436 Hamer, S. H. The Jungle School 507 Faust, K. I. Campaigning in the Philippines . 54 Hamilton, M. Dishonor of Frank Scott 308 Fellows-Johnson, Annie. Story of Dago 506 Hamlin, Myra S. Nan's Chicopee Children 437 Fellows-Johnson, A. Little Colonel's House Party 506 Hancock, W. Irving. Aguinaldo's Hostage 433 Field, Eugene. Temptation of Friar Gonsol . . 502 Hannah, I. C. Brief History of Eastern Asia . 306 Fields, J.T. Yesterdays with Authors, Holiday ed. 428 Harlan, Esther. Story of a Little Beech Tree • 437 Finnemore, J. Fairy Stories from Little Mountain 435 Harland, Marion. Literary Hearthstones, 2d series 428 Finck, H. T. Primitive Love and Love Stories . 25 Harrington, J. W. The Jumping Kangaroo · · 436 Firth, Charles. Oliver Cromwell 53 Harrison, Frederic. Meaning of History, revised ed. 312 Fiske, H. S. Battle of Manila Bay . 231 Hartshorne, Grace. In Sweetness of Childhood 431 Fiske, John. Mississippi Valley in Civil War 49 Hay, Helen. Little Boy Book 438 Fitch, Sir Joshnà. Educational Aims and Methods 98 Hayes, Frederick W. A Kent Squire . 127 FitzGerald's Rubaiyát, illus. by Florence Lundborg 502 Headland, Isaac T. Chinese Mother Goose 437 FitzGerald's Rubaiyát, “ Naishapur” edition 363 Heath's Home and Scbool Classics 273, 508 FitzGerald, S. J. A. Stories of Famous Songs 426 Henderson and Woodhull. Elements of Physics . 362 Florenz, Karl. Scènes du Théâtre Japonais 272 Henderson, E. F. Side Lights on English History 80 Flournoy, Th. From India to Mars 179 Henty, G. A. In the Hands of Cave-Dwellers 506 Flowers of Parnassus . 363 Henty, G. A. In the Irish Brigade 432 Folkmar, D. Leçons d'Anthropologie Philosophique 29 Henty, G. A. Out with Garibaldi 432 Ford, P. L. Wanted, a Match-Maker. 427 Henty, G. A. With Buller in Natal 433 Fore! Life's Book for Golfers. . 504 Herford, C. H. Ibsen's Love's Comedy 272 Forrester, Izola L. Girls of Bonnie Castle 506 Herford, Oliver. Overheard in a Garden 504 Fox, Frances M. Farmer Brown and the Birds . 437 Herrick, Robert. The Web of Life . 124 Frazer, J. G. Pausanias and Other Sketches 56 Hill, Joseph A. The English Income Tax 178 Fraser, W. A. Mooswa 436 Hinkson, H. A. The King's Deputy 497 Fricker, Karl. The Antarctic Regions 269 Historic Towns of Southern States 360 Frisbie, W. A. The Bandit Mouse 438 Hoadley, G. A. Brief Course in General Physics 362 Frost, W. H. Fairies and Folk of Ireland 435 Höffding, H. History of Modern Philosophy · · 225 Furness, H. H. Variorum Shakespeare, Vol. XII. 494 Holland, Clive. Marcelle of the Quarter . 308 Fyles, Franklin, Theatre and Its People . 359 Hollander, J. H. Studies in State Taxation 178 Gaboriau, Emile, Novels of, new edition 236 Holls, F. W. Peace Conference at The Hague 420 Garlanda, Federica. Guglielmo Shakespeare . 236 Home, Andrew. Story of a School Conspiracy 434 Garrett, E. H. The Pilgrim Shore . 504 Horridge, Frank. Lives of Great Italians . 182 Gates, Lewis E. Studies and Appreciations. 438 Hovey, Carl. Stonewall Jackson 311 Gem Classics 431 Howe, D. W. The Puritan Republic 74 George, Henry, Jr. Life of Henry George 358 Howe, Edward. Advanced Elementary Science 99 Gibson, C. D. Americans 425 Howells, W.D. Literary Friends and Acquaintance 490 Giddings, F. H. Democracy and Empire 174 Howes, H. F. Anatomy, Physiology, and Hygiene 312 Gilbert, G. H. Student's Life of Jesus, new ed. 357 Hudson, W. H. Nature in Downland . 120 Gilder, Jeannette L. Autobiography of a Tomboy 435 Hughes, Rupert. Contemporary Am. Composers 502 Gilder, R. W. Five Books of Song, revised ed. 236 H Hume, Martin A. S. Modern Spain . 179 Gladden, W. How Much Is Left of Old Doctrines ? 77 Humphrey, Maud. Children of the Revolution 438 Glasgow, Ellen. The Voice of the People 23 Huntington, F. D. Personal Religious Life 77 Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer, illus. by E. A. Hutton, R. E. The Crown of Christ 77 Abbey, new edition 504 Huxley, Leonard. Life of T. H. Huxley 349 Gollancz, Israel. Larger Temple Shakespeare 81, 439 Hyde, H. M. The Animal Alphabet 436 Gollancz, Israel. Temple Classics 56, 273, 311, 507 Iles, George. Flame, Electricity, and Camera 27 Gomme, G. L. Princess's Story Book 432 English Poems 81 Goodwin, Maud W. Head of a Hundred, illus. ed. 431 19 Gordon, H. R. Red Jacket 433 Irving, W. Knickerbocker's History of New York, Gosse, Edmund. Penn's Fruits of Solitude 75 illus. by Maxfield Parrish 427 Gossett, Adelaide L. J. Lullabys and Baby Songs 437 “ Israfel.” Ivory Apes and Peacocks 18 Goald, A. W. Mother Nature's Children . 437 Iverach, James. Theism 76 Goulston, Therese. Loving Imprints 431 Jackson, A. W. James Martineau 222 Grant, Robert. Unleavened Bread . 125 Jackson, Gabrielle. Pretty Polly Perkius 435 Grant-Schaefer, G. A. Pretty Picture Songs Jackson, Helen H. Ramona, " ed. 425 Greene, Sarah P. McL. Vesty, Holiday edition . 503 Jagger, Thomas A. Personality of Truth 77 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O . . . . . . . 31 Ingersoli, Ernest. Nature's Calendar . . . . • 438 i Monterey vi. INDEX. PAGE PACS . . . . . . . . 51 . 1 . 1 . . . . . . . . James, Henry. Daisy Miller, illus. by McVickar 431 Marvin, F. S., Mayor, R. J. C., and Stawell, F. M. James, H. Little Tour in France, illus. by Pennell 427 Adventures of Odysseus . 436 Jenks, Tudor. Boy's Book of Exploration 434 Mathews, F. S. Writing Table of 20th Century 28 Jevons, Thomas S. The Living Past 230 Matthews, Brander. The Action and the Word . 125 Jewish Year Book for 1900 312 Maury, Max. Paris and the Exposition 29 Johnson, Clifton. Along French Byways 428 May, Sophie. Jimmy, Lucy, and All 437 Johnson, C. F. English and American Literature 129 McCarthy, Eugene. Familiar Fish 131 Johnson, E. G. Memoirs of Madame Roland 303 McClure, A. K. Our Presidents . 55 Johnson, Margaret. What Did the Black Cat Do? 507 McCulloch, Hugh. Men and Measures, new ed. 237 Johnson, W. H. The World's Discoverers 434 McMaster, J. B. History of People of the United Johnston, Henry. Storming of Stony Point 181 States, Vol. V.. 94 Johnston, Mary To Have and to Hold 23 Meade, Mrs. L.T. A Plucky Girl 506 Jokai, Maurus. The Baron's Sons 128 Meade, Mrs. L. T. Miss Nonentity . . 435 Jones, Mary C. European Travel for Women 132 Meakin, Budgett. The Moorish Empire Jordan, D. S., and Kellogg, V. L. Animal Life 273 Merrick, E. M. With a Palette in Eastern Palaces 18 Kaisenberg, M. von. Courtot Memoirs 101 Merrill, William P. Faith and Sight 76 Keeler, Charles A. Bird Notes Afield . 20 Meynell, Alice. John Ruskin . 264 Keeler, Harriet L. Our Native Trees 20 Miles, Austin. About My Father's Business 28 Kellogg and Reed. High School Grammar 81 Miller, F. I., and Nelson, J. R. Dido 271 Kellogg, Frank E. Boy Duck-Hunters 506 Miller, Joaquin. True Bear Stories . 436 Kendall, E. K. Source Book of English History 439 Mitchell, S. Weir. The Wager 231 Ker, W. P. Essays of Dryden 132 Molesworth, Mrs. The House that Grew 435 Killikelly, Sarah H. Curious Questions, Vol. III. 182 Molesworth, Mrs. Three Witches . 506 Kingsley,Charles. Water Babies, illus.by G.Wright 436 Montague, Irving. Things I Have Seen in War 26 Knackfuss, H. Albrecht Dürer, English edition 430 Montgomery, T. H. University of Pennsylvania 301 Knapp, W. I. Works of George Borrow 362 Mora, James J. Animals of Æsop 507 La Fontaine, Rachel A. Evangelists in Classic Art 430 Morley, John. Oliver Cromwell . 298 Lahee, Henry C. Famous Pianists 502 Morley, Margaret W. Down North and Up Along 17 Lang, Andrew. Grey Fairy Book 435 Morris's Pre-Raphaelite Ballads, illus. by O'Kane 429 Lang, Andrew. History of Scotland, Vol. I. 309 Morrison, Carrie E. Pixie and Elaine Stories 436 Lang, Andrew. Prince Charles Edward 424 Morrison, H. S. Adventures of a Boy Reporter . 433 Larned, J. N. History of England 236 Morse, L. B. The Road to Nowhere 436 Lazarus, M. Ethics of Judaism 132 Mathews, C. E. Annals of Mont Blanc . 171 Lee, Guy Carleton. Historical Jurisprudence 130 Munro, H. H. Rise of the Russian Empire 310 Lee, G. C. Source-Book of English History . Munroe, Kirk. Brethren of the Coast 433 Lee, G. C. World's Orators 439 Munroe, Kirk. Under the Great Bear . 434 Le Gallienne, Richard. Travels in England 18 Myers, Philip Van Ness. Rome 133 Leonard, Mary. Half a Dozen Thinking Caps 437 Myrtle, J. H., and Rigby, R. Mother Goose Cooked 438 Lesly, Susan I. Recollections of My Mother 261 Neilson, Harry B. Droll Doings 438 Lever, C. Song of Vagabond Huntsman 504 Nesbit, E. Book of Dragons . . 507 Lewis, E. H. Specimen Forms of Discourse 81 Newcomb, Simon. His Wisdom the Defender . 499 Leys, John A. The Black Terror 126 Newell, L. C. Experimental Chemistry 312 Liberty Poems . 130 Newmarch, Rosa. Tchaikovsky 359 Lillie, Arthur. Croquet up to Date . 79 Nixon, Mary F. God, the King, my Brother . 307 Little Folks' Illustrated Annual for 1900 507 Noble, Edmund. Russia and the Russians 359 Lloyd, J. U. Stringtown on the Pike 498 Ober, F. A. Storied West Indies 312 Locke, William J. The White Dove 24 O'Connor, E. Scott. Motifs . 430 Loomis, Charles B. Yankee Enchantments 434 Omar and Rubaiyát, Book of 430 Lounsberry, Alice. Guide to the Trees 20 Omond, T. S. The Romantic Triumph Lounsbury, T. R. Chaucer's Works 273 Opdyke, G. H. World's Best Proverbs 430 Loveman, Robert. A Book of Verses 231 Oppenheim, Nathan. Care of the Child in Health 54 Lover's Library 428 Opper, F. Folks in Funnyville 504 Lummis, C. F. Land of Sunshine, Vol. XII. 183 Orsi, Pietro. Italy 233 Lusk, Hugh H. Our Foes at Home 178 Osborn, E. B. Greater Canada 269 Mabie, H. W. William Shakespeare 492 Ostrander, Fannie E. Baby Goose 438 MacCunn, John. The Making of Character 99 Otis, James. Aunt Hannah and Seth 435 MacDonell, A. A. History of Sanskrit Literature 102 Otis, James. Boston Boys of 1775 . 432 MacEwen, A. R. The Erskines 133 Otis, James. Fighting for the Empire 433 Macleod, Mary. Book of King Arthur 507 Otis, James. The Armed Ship America 433 MacManus, Seumas. Donegal Fairy Stories 435 Otis, James. The Lobster Catchers 434 Macpherson, Hector. Spencer and Spencerism . 132 Otis, James. With Preble at Tripoli 433 Macy, M. L., and Norris, H.W. General Physiology 312 Oxford Bible, two-version edition 439 Mahan, A. T. The War in South Africa 501 Page, T. N. Old Gentleman in the Black Stock, Markham, Edwin. Man with the Hoe, illus. by Pyle 429 illus. by Christy 430 Markham, Edwin. Man with the Hoe, “ Lark” ed. 504 Paine, Levi L. Evolution of Trinitarianism 76 Malan, A. H. More Famous Homes of Great Britain 424 Painter, F. V. N. History of English Literature 129 Mann, Rufus. The Prelude and the Play 124 Palgrave, R. H. I. Dictionary of Political Econ- Mansford, C. J. Bully, Fag, and Hero 506 omy, Vol. III. . 180 . 312 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · 181 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U INDEX. vii. PAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 PAGE Parkin, G. R. Life of Edward Thring, new edition 29 Roosevelt, Theodore. Oliver Cromwell 298 Parkman, F. Oregon Trail, illus. by Remington 429 Rostand, Edmond. L'Aiglon. 354 Parry, Edward A. Don Quixote 507 Rouse, W. H.D. Meditations of Marcus Aurelius 500 Partridge, W. O. Angel of Clay 22 Rowland and Ames. Elements of Physics 439 Patcb, Kate W. Old Lady and Young Laddie 506 Rowlands, Walter. Among Great Masters in Music, Peacock, Virginia T. Famous American Belles . 500 and Among Great Masters in Literature 428 Peck, Harry Thurston. Greystone and Porphyry 230 Royce, Josiah. Conception of Immortality 77 Pemberton, Max. Féo 127 Ruiz, L. A. Cuban-American Tratado Analitico 29 Pemberton, Max. Footsteps of a Throne 498 Russell, W. Clark. The Pretty Polly 434 Pennington, Edward. Sir David Wilkie . 133 Russell's Souvenirs of Popular Plays 508 Perkins, James Breck. Richelieu 234 Sage, William. Robert Tournay. 125 Peters, M. C. Wit and Wisdom of the Talmud . 363 Saint-Amand, Imbert de. Napoleon III. at Height Phelps, W. L. Thackeray's English Humourists 312 of his Power 361 Philipson, D., and Grossman, L. Selected Writ- Saint-Germain, C. de. Practice of Palmistry 28 ings of Isaac M. Wise 133 Saunders, Marshall. For his Country 506 Plehn, Carl C. Introduction to Public Finance 272 Savory, Isabel. A Sportswoman in India 268 Places I Have Visited 236 Sayre, Theodore B. Son of Carleycroft 497 Pool, Maria Louise. Chums 506 Scidmore, Eliza R. China . . 71 Pollard, A. W. Library of English Classics Scollard, Clinton. Ballads of American Bravery 439 21, 29, 81, 236, 273, 361 Scott, Clement. Ellen Terry. 427 Pollard, Evelyn. Birds of My Parish 360 Scott's Ivanhoe, in " Illustrated Romances " series 431 Porter, Charlotte, and Clarke, Helen A. Browning Scruggs, W. L. Colombia and Venezuela 356 Study Programmes 29 Sears, E. H. Political Growth in 19th Century 54 Porter and Clarke. Mrs. Browning's Works 502 Sedgefield, W.J. King Alfred's Boethius 132 Porter, Jane. Scottish Chiefs, illus. by Robinson 431 Seeley, Levi. History of Education . 99 Pott, William H. Stories from Dreamland 437 Seton-Thompson, Ernest. Wild Animal Play 436 Potter, Margaret H. Uncanonized 306 Seton-Thompson, Grace G. A Woman Tenderfoot 361 Powell, F. York. XXIV. Quatrains from Omar 236 Sewall, Alice A. Ballad of the Prince . 437 Praeger, S. Rosamond. Little Twin Dragons 438 Sewall, Frank. Kant's Dreams of a Spirit-Seer . 81 Pratt, Ella F. The Play Lady 437 Shakespeare's As You Like It, illus. by Low . 426 Pratt, William. State and the Church . 76 Sheehan, P. A. My New Curate . 308 Pallan, Leighton. Book of Common Prayer 76 Sheldon, W. L. Ethical Sunday School 98 Putnam's Knickerbocker Literature Series . 508 Shelton, Jane De F. The Salt-Box House 309 Putnam's Library of Standard Literature 363 Shepard, Morgan. Observations of Jay Parker, W. Gordon. Rival Boy Sportsmen 434 Sherman, L. A. Tennyson's Princess 81 Plympton, A. G. A Child of Glee 435 Shirley, Penn. Boy Donald . 437 Pyle, Katharine. The Christmas Angel 436 Shuckburgh, Evelyn. Letters of Cicero, Vol. III. 236 Ragozin, Zepäide A. Salammbô . 508 Sidney, Margaret Adventures of Joel Pepper . 437 Ray, Anna C. Playground Toni 435 Sienkiewicz, H. Judgment of Peter and Paul . 505 Ray, Anna C. Phebe: Her Profession 435 Sienkiewicz, H. Knights of the Cross 128 Raymond, Evelyn. Divided Skates . 437 Silberrad, Una L. Lady of Dreams 497 Raymond, Evelyn. Reels and Spindles 435 Simmons, W. E. The Nicaragua Canal Raymond, Evelyn. The Sun Maid 433 Singleton, Adam. Froissart's Chronicles 56 Reade, Charles. Cloister and the Hearth, illus. Singleton, Esther. Wonders of Nature 503 by W. M. Johnson, new edition 431 Sizeranne, R. de la. Ruskin and Religion of Beauty 265 Reed, Helen L. Brenda 435 Skinner, Charles M. Flowers in the Pave . 121 Reid, Sydney. Josey and the Chipmunk 436 Sleight, Charles Lee. The Water People 506 Reinsch, Paul S. World Politics , 270 Smith, Arthur H. Village Life in China 73 Reynolds-Ball , E. A. Paris in its Splendor 501 Smith, D. E. Teaching of Elementary Mathematics 97 Rhees, Rush. Life of Jesus of Nazareth 357 Smith, F. E. International Law . . 508 Rhoades, Lilian I. Story of Philadelphia . 100 Smith, Gertrude. Roggie and Reggie Stories 507 Rhys, Ernest. Lord Leighton, third edition 264 Smith, Gertrude. The Booboo Book Richards, Laura E. For Tommy 506 Smith, Helen E. Colonial Days and Ways 415 Richards, Laura E. Rita 506 Smith, Mary P. W. Young and Old Puritans of Richards, Laura E. Snow White 437 Hatfield. 432 Riggs, J. S. History of Jewish People 357 Smith, Minna C. Mary Paget 23 Rittenhouse, Jessie B. The Rubaiyát 363 Smith, W. Anderson. Temperate Chili 16 Riverside Aldine Classics 362 Smyth, G. M., and others. The Crisis in China . 306 Robbins, W. L. An Essay toward Faith 77 Smyth, Herbert W. Greek Melic Poets Roberts, Morley. Lord Linlithgow 497 Snyder and Palmer. Problems in Physics Roberts, Morley. The Fugitives. 497 Songs for the City of God. . 273 Robertson, J. M. Shaftesbury's Characteristics . 363 Spabr, Charles B. America's Working People 50 Robins, E. Twelve Great Actors and Actresses . 427 Spalding, Bishop. Opportunity . 131 Robins, Edward. With Washington in Braddock's Speer, Robert E. The Situation in China . 305 , Campaign 505 Spence, H. D. M. White Robe of Churches 80 Robins, E. P. Lotze's Theory of Knowledge . 81 Spence, Walter. Back to Christ . 77 Robinson, Edith. Little Puritan's First Christmas 432 Spielmann, M. H. John Ruskin 265 Roe, Nora A. M. Two Little Street Singers . 437 Star Series of English Classics 310 · 436 . . . . . . . · 102 . . . . . · 437 . . . . 9 · 102 . 508 . . . viii. INDEX. PAQE . PAGE 52 57 16 . O • 80 . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . 24 . . Starr, Frederick. Indians of Southern Mexico Vincent, Leon H. Hôtel de Rambouillet . 79 Stead, William T. The Crucifixion Waddell, L. A. Among the Himalayas, new ed. 312 Stedman, Arthur. Works of Melville, new edition 362 Waliszewski, K. History of Russian Literature . 102 Stedman, E. C. An American Anthology 257 Wallace, Mrs. Some Oxford Pets . 235 Steel, Flora A. Hosts of the Lord 496 Ward, John. Pyramids and Progress Stephens, R. N. Pbilip Winwood 307 Ward, Mrs. Humphry. Eleanor. 426, 496 Stevenson, R. L. Child's Garden of Verses, illus. Warner, Francis. Nervous System of the Child 99 by E. Marr and M. H. Squire 436 Warner, Hannah. More Bunny Stories 438 Stevenson, R. L. Treasure Island, illus. by Paget 436 Waters, Robert. Flashes of Wit and Humor St. Nicholas Book of Plays and Operettas 438 Watson, H. B. Marriott. Chloris of the Island 497 Stoddard, W. O. Ned, Son of Webb 434 Watson, H. B. Marriott. The Rebel 126 Strang, L. C. Celebrated Comedians 503 Webster, George S. The Friendly Year 503 Strang, L. C. Prima Donnas and Soubrettes. . 503 Webster, W.F. English Composition : 182 Stratemeyer, Edward. Between Boer and Briton 433 Webster's International Dictionary, revised ed. . 360 Stratemeyer, Edward. On to Pekin 505 Weed, G. L. Life of St. John . 507 Stratemeyer, Edward. True to Himself 434 Weeden, Howard. Songs of the Old South 431 Stronach, Alice. A Newnham Friendship . 435 Wells, D. A. Theory and Practice of Taxation 176 Sunday Reading for the Young, 1901 438 Welsh, Herbert. The Other Man's Country 423 Sutton, Adah L. Mr. Bunny: His Book 438 Welton, J. Logical Basis of Education 99 Sweet, John. American Public Schools 99 Wendell, Barrett. Literary History of America 485 Swett, Sophie. Littlest One of the Browns 438 Wesselboeft, Lily F. Doris and her Dog 438 Symonds, J. A. Shakespeare's Predecessors, new ed. 363 Westcott, E. N. David Harum, illustrated ed. 427 Tappan, Eva M. In Days of Alfred the Great 432 Westminster Biographies 57 Tarr, R. S., and McMurry, F. M. North America 80 Weyman, Stanley J. Sophia 25 Taylor, A. N. Law in Relation to Physicians 311 Wharton, Edith. The Touchstone 126 Taylor, Edward R. Moods 232 Wbat Is Wortb Wbile series 272, 363 Taylor, M. Imlay. Cobbler of Nîmes 498 Wbibley, Charles. Pageantry of Life 495 Taylor, M. Imlay. House of the Wizard 24 Whibley, Charles. Works of Rabelais . 55 Taylor, M. Imlay. The Cardinal's Musketeer White, Eliza 0. Ednah and her Brothers . 437 Temple Primers 29, 312, 439, 508 White, Percy. The West End 308 Tennyson’s In Memoriam, “ Bankside Press” ed.. 428 Whiteing, Richard. Paris of To-Day 425 Thompson, A. R. Gold Seeking on Dalton Trail 434 Whitman, Sydney. Conversations with Bismarck 271 Thumb-Nail Series 429 Whitman, Walt. Leaves of Grass, McKay's ed. . 182 Thwaites, R. G. Stories of the Badger State 182 Wickhoff, Franz. Roman Art 421 Tod, A. H. Charterhouse . 94 Wiggin, Kate D. Penelope's Experiences, illus. Todd, Mabel L. Steele's Astronomy 103 by Brock . 426 Tomlinson, E. T. House-Boat on St. Lawrence 432 Wilcox, W. D. Rockies of Canada, new edition 268 Tomlinson, E. T. In Hands of the Red Coats 433 Wildman, Rounsevelle. China's Open Door 306 Tom's Boy 437 | Willcox, W.F., and Newcomb, H. T. Census Plans 81 Trent, W. P. Verses 232 Williams, Emery L. Alphabet of Indians . 434 Trent, W. P. Works of Balzac 417 Williams, Eustace. The Substitute Quarter-Back 505 True, John P. Scouting for Washington 433 Williams, Sarah. Through the Year with Birds Turknett, Flora L. Esther in Maine 506 and Poets 430 Turnbull, Mrs. L. Golden Book of Venice 498 Wilson, R. R. Rambles in Colonial Byways 501 Tutin, J. R. Concordance to FitzGerald's Omar 133 Wilson, William H. Rafnaland 499 Tyler, L. G. Cradle of the Republic 180 Wolfe, Theodore F. Literary Rambles 429 Tytler, Sarah. Queen Charlotte's Maidens 432 Women of the Bible 502 United States in 19th Century 439 Wood, C. W. In the Valley of the Rhone 16 Urmy, William S. Christ Came Again 77 Wood, James. Nutall Encyclopædia 273 Upton, Florence. Golliwogg's Polar Adventures 438 Woods Holl Biological Lectures, 1899 235 Vance, A. T. The Real David Harum . 311 Worrall, Walter. Bacon's Essayes . 500 Valdés, A. Palacio. Joy of Captain Ribot 128 Wooten, D. G. Comprehensive History of Texas 122 Van Dyke, Henry. The Toiling of Felix 230 Wright, Mabel O. Dream Fox Story Book 435 MISCELLANEOUS. American Publishers' Association, Formation of 81 English Literature, Projected Important History of 355 Appleton & Co., Reorganization of 133 English People, Who are the ? Alfred Nutt 70 Bibliographical Institute Wanted. Aksel G. S. Hinsdale, B. A., Death of . 508 Josephson 48 International Catalogue of Scientific Literature . 133 Chamberlain, Mellen, Death of 57 “ La Forza d'un Bel Volto.” Sonnet by M. B. A. 117 Christmas Poetry, Recent. Margaret Steele Madison (Wis.) Library, The New Anderson 487 Monthly Review, The 183, 312 Critic Criticized, a. Cliford Michell , M.D. : 489 New Liberal Review, The 81 Davidson, Thomas, Death of 237 Oxford English Dictionary, Note on 182 Dolby, George, Death of 362 Poets, American and English. George S. Hellman 297 Easy Chair" of Harper's Magazine, Revival of . 273 Ridpath, John Clark, Death of 103 Endowments, Dangers and Drawbacks in. Elmer Shakespeare as a Duty. Melville B. Anderson 488 L. Kenyon 47 Warner, C. D., as an Editor. L. 348 . . . . O . . . 1 . . . • 294 . . . . . 66 . THE DIAL D i. A SEMI- MONTHLY JOURNAL OF Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. EDITED BY FRANCIS F. BROWNE. .} Volume XXIX. No. 337. CHICAGO, JULY 1, 1900. 10 cts, a copy. | FINE ARTS BUILDING. Rooms 610-630-631. $2. a year. NOW READY Harper's Popular 12mo Series PRICE, SEVENTY-FIVE CENTS EACH THE HE novels and stories included in this series are all the best works of the most popular writers of the day. They are uniformly bound in ornamental cloth covers, with design in black and gold on a red ground. With the exception of “The Breadwinners” (anonymous) the books contain frontispiece portraits of the authors in tint on imitation Japan paper. All have gilt tops and title pages in two colors. Many of the volumes are illustrated. BELOW IS A LIST OF AUTHORS AND TITLES The Houseboat on the Styx Roweny in Boston By JOHN KENDRICK BANOS By MARIA LOUISE POOL The Pursuit of the Houseboat A Transplanted Rose By JOHN KENDRICK BANGS By MRS. JOHN SHERWOOD Lorraine The Great Stone of Sardis By ROBERT W. CHAMBERS By FRANK R. STOCKTON The Red Axe Life on the Mississippi By S. R. CROCKETT By MARK TWAIN The Princess Aline A Little Journey in the World By RICHARD HARDING DAVIS By CHARLES DUDLEY WARNER A Strange Manuscript Found The War of the Worlds in a Copper Cylinder By H. G. WELLS By JAMES DE MILLE A New England Nun, and Other The Refugees Stories By CONAN DOYLE By MARY E. WILKINS Peter Ibbetson Pembroke By GEORGE DU MAURIER By MARY E. WILKINS The Descendant Anne By ELLEN GLASGOW By CONSTANCE FENIMORE WOOLSON The Coast of Bohemia Jupiter Lights By W. D. HOWELLS By CONSTANCE FENIMORE WOOLSON The Breadwinners (ANONYMOUS) HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK 2 [July 1, THE DIAL A New Historical Novel by a New Writer. AN INSTANTANEOUS SUCCESS IN THE UNITED STATES, ENGLAND, AND CANADA A KENT SQUIRE a Being a Record of Certain Adventures of Ambrose Gwynett, Esquire, of Thornhaugh By FREDERICK W. HAYES Illustrated with sixteen full-page drawings by the author. Size, 7} 75. Long primer type. 537 pages. Extra paper. Beautifully printed. Exquisite cover design. Price, $1.50. “We Te cannot but commend the liberality with which inci- 'Quite a remarkable book in many ways. It introduces dents of the most stirring character are blended with political the reading public to a new writer of great dramatic power, and social pictures of an interesting period. The last days of Mr. Hayes has been long before the public as an artist. He the Grand Monarque, clouded with baffled ambitions and is responsible for the sixteen beautiful illustrations which domestic sorrow, the intrigues which surrounded the Peace of illuminate the pages. Of the book itself one can truly say Utrecht, the antagonism between Orleans and Madame de that it is entitled to rank with the best historical novels of Maintenon in the microcosm of Versailles, the perfidies of the day. Those who have followed with breathless interest statesmen, and one above all, are set forth with liveliness." and mingled emotions the fortunes of Ambrose Gwynett will - London Athenaeum. await with impatience the publication of the sequel which " It is a clever story, ranking well ahead of When Knight- Mr. Hayes has promised us.”—Liverpool Post. hood Was in Flower' and several other romances that have "The plot is all through most admirably sustained and had great vogue. It is the best book we have seen in respect the climax as satisfactory as surprising."- The Rochester to cover, contents, and culs."-Newark Daily Advertiser. Herald. The story will fully repay the perusal. A noteworthy “Plots and counterplots, secret correspondence, and dan- feature of the volume is the excellent finish of the many full- gerous missions in hostile camps combine with a powerful page illustrations which are scattered throughout the book." love story to make the reader unwilling to stop reading the -The Sunday States. book till the last page has been reached.”—Burlington Free "The book is in all respects a capital story. Belongs more Press. nearly to the school of "The Three Musketeers" than any "The same Abbe Gaultier is as finished a blackguard as historical romance that has been written for some years."- was ever employed by statesmen to do their dirty work.". Toronto Globe, Black and White, _ A WOMAN'S BOOK SOUTHERN HEARTS а By FLORENCE HULL WINTERBURN Size, 7} x 51 inches. Small pica type. 466 pages. Extra paper. Beautiful cover design. Extra cloth. Price, $1.25. There is excellent reason why Florence Hull Winterburn's new book, “Southern Hearts," should be a favorite with women. Equally good reason why men should not care for it. The author has drawn her characters with vivid, graphic touch, to the life. A brighter, pleasanter collection of stories for summer reading there cannot be. Says the Globe-Democrat, St. Louis, Mo.: “ The author has portrayed with strength and delicacy the many phases of character she has introduced into her stories, and has shown rare insight in her delineations." "They are far better than the average short story, so much better that it is a long way from a good comparison ; in fact, it is almost sacrilege. But one must read them. The book is certainly one that the author and publisher may well be proud of.”—Toledo Daily News. "The book is an excellent one for summer reading."-Louisville Courier-Journal. A DIFFICULT PROBLEM By ANNA KATHARINE GREEN, author of “The Leavenworth Case,” “Agatha Webbe,” etc. Size, 7} x 5] inches. Small pica type. 344 pages. Handsome design on cover. Price, $1.25. "Conan Doyle at his best has seldom written more interesting detective stories than are contained in this book."-Inter Ocean (Chicago). “Her power shows no sign of deterioration. She thor- “The book is in the clever author's happiest vein."— The oughly entertains her readers.”—Buffalo Commercial, Rochester Herald, SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. SENT POSTPAID BY THE F. M. LUPTON PUBLISHING CO., New York YORK 1900.) 3 THE DIAL McClure, Phillips & Co.'s New Books JUST PUBLISHED.-Two Volumes on an Absorbing Question. The Trust Problem. Corporations and the Public Welfare. By Professor JEREMIAH W. JENKS, Ph.D. These papers had their origin in the discussions recently A comprehensive work on industrial combinations. The carried on at the annual meeting of the American Academy author bas gathered his facts during twelve years of of Political and Social Science, in Philadelphia. Among the direct personal investigation of corporations through contact contributors are Prof. L. S. Rowe, Comptroller Bird S. with their officers, employees, competitors, and customers. Coler of New York City, Prof. John H. Gray of North- Professor Jenks treats the Trust problem in that way which western University, Senator William Lindsay of Kentucky, will be most helpful to most of his readers, who will want Senator Nelson W. Aldrich of Rbode Island, and Hon. not theories, but facts. John Wanamaker. With 5 charts in colors. Small 12mo. $1.00 net. 8vo, 6 x 974. $1.50 net. Important Works in Miscellaneous. Biography. RECENT NOTABLE FICTION. American Fights and Dwight L. Moody. Fighters. By HEXRY DRUMMOND. 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A story which will attract atten- mystery story by an author who, according to the Boston tion because of the recent successes of the writer as a con- Transcript, bas elevated the detective story to a higher plane tributor to the magazines. than any other American writer. BOOKS FROM MCCLURE'S MAGAZINE. The following books are published by THE DOUBLEDAY & MCCLURE CO., but copies may be had of MCCLURE, PHILLIPS & Co. THE GENTLEMAN FROM INDIANA. BY RUDYARD KIPLING. By BOOTH TARKINGTON. This remarkable novel of American THE DAY'S WORK. life has become one of the most popular books of the day. Forly- Of this extraordinarily popular book over 100,00 copies have been third thousand. 12mo, 5, 28/4, $1.50. sold. 104'h th'rusand. Tilustratrd. 12.no, 5497814. $1.50. THE BOY'S BOOK OF INVENTIONS. STALKY & CO. By RAY STANNARD BAKER. 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Many of these remarkable poems of the farm, the shore, and the logging camps have become familiar through their publication in the Lewiston Journal. The Honorable C. E. Littlefield bas written an introduction to the book. Cloth, decorative '. $1.00 . SMALL, MAYNARD & COMPANY (INCORPORATED) BOSTON 1900.) 5 THE DIAL GOOD BOOKS FOR SUMMER READING " " 66 Oh, What a Plague is Love! By KATHARINE TYNAN, author of “ The Dear Irish Girl," "She Walks in Beauty,” etc. 12mo. 75 cts. In this bright little story, the author has told in a most entertaining way how a too keen susceptibility to the tender passion on the part of a gallant though somewhat elderly gentleman is a constant source of anxiety to his grown-up children, who are devotedly attached to him. The dialogue is sparkling throughout, the characters charmingly naïve and natural, and the book fairly bubbles over with fun and good humor. It is an ideal book for summer outings. “ Leigh Hunt would have delighted in Mrs. Hinkson. He knew how to value high spirits in a writer, and the gaiety of this cheerful story would have charmed him im- mensely.” – The Saturday Review. The Dread and Fear of Kings. By J. BRECKENRIDGE ELLIS. 12mo. $1.25. The period of this romance is the beginning of the Chris- tian era, and the scenes are laid in Rome, the island of Capri, and other parts of Italy. The interest of the love story, the exciting incidents, and the spirited dialogue en- chain the attention of the reader. “For stirring adventure and romantic love scenes, one need go no farther. Mr. Ellis has written a book that will be eagerly read by all who like a stirring and well-told story." - The Chicago Tribune. “One of the very best novels that have been published recently. So vivid are this novelist's colors, so real his speech and action, so superior his arrangement of plot and counterplot that hardly another touch is needed to make the literary relationship of The Dread and Fear of Kings' to actual Roman history completely satisfactory.''— Boston Times. The Cardinal's Musketeer. By M. IMLAY TAYLOR, author of “On the Red Stair- case,” “ An Imperial Lover," etc. 12mo. $1.25. A rousing tale of adventure and love whose scenes are laid in France in the time of Richelieu. “It is a strong, well-studied reproduction of the times of Cardinal Richelieu. ... The tale is full of life and love, of daring night rides, of gallant fights. It is a stirring ro- mance, overflowing with life and action.” — The Indianap- olis News. “The movement is rapid and easy, and the interest sus- tained by thrilling adventure, dangerous situation and fortunate escape. A delicately worked thread of romance runs through the story and brings it to a happy conclusion." - The Home Journal (New York). “The interest of the book never flags.”—The Outlook. The Dear Irish Girl. By KATHARINE TYNAN, author of “Oh, What a Plague is Love !" etc. 12mo, $1.50. "The story has delightful bits of character, quaint pic- tures of places and people, the true Irish atmosphere of sunny innocence and quick mirthfulness, the social ease and insouciance, the ready humor which is not to be analyzed, all the characteristics we look for are there." - The World (London, England). McLoughlin and Old Oregon. A Chronicle. By Eva EMERY DYE. 12mo, gilt top, with frontis- piece, $1.50. This is a most graphic and interesting chronicle of the movement that added to the United States that vast terri- tory, previously a British possession, of which Oregon formed a part, and of how Dr. John McLoughlin, then chief Factor of the Hudson's Bay Company for the Northwest, by his fatherly interest in the settlers, displeased the Hud- son's Bay Company and aided the United States. “Get the book if you would be thrilled by a tale of truth, for it is really wonderful. It is a history which, while accu- rate and detailed, holds all the attraction of a work of fiction, and the narrative is wholesome and good."- Boston Times. Memoirs of Alexander I. And the Court of Russia. By_Mme. La Comtesse DE CHOISEUL-GOUFFIER. Translated from the French by Mary BERENICE PATTERSON. With portraits, 12mo, gilt top, deckle edges, $1.50. The author of this volume was an intimate friend of Alexander and an ardent supporter of his foreign and do- mestic policy. When Napoleon entered Russia she was pre- sented to him, and her pages contain a life-like and charac- teristic picture, though not a very flattering one, of the ** Little Corporal." The book is full of bright, witty say- ings, and presents a remarkably true portrait of Alexander, who occupied during the first quarter of the nineteenth century as preëminent a position in the world of diplomacy as did Napoleon in military affairs. Only two copies of the original of this work are known to exist — from one of which the present translation has been made. Opportunity And Other Essays and Addresses. By Rt. Rev. J. L. SPALDING, Bishop of Peoria, author of “ Education and the Higher Life,” « Things of the Mind," etc. 12mo, $1.00. A valuable contribution to modern thought on education and other topics. “All that Bishop Spalding writes is sure to be said grace- fully and earnestly, in love and charity. He is surely one of the highest types of ' Americanism' that the Church of Rome has produced."-The Churchman (New York). The Honey-Makers. By MARGARET W. MORLEY, author of “ A Song of Life,” Life and Love," " The Bee People," etc. 12mo, gilt top, illustrated, $1.50. A book about bees for bee-lovers and others. “Miss Morley combines the thoroughness, accuracy, and enthusiasm of a naturalist with the graceful touch of a skilled artist. Not only does she reveal with simplicity and care the organization and habits of the honey bee, but she indulges in felicities of expression that impart an additional charm to her story. Miss Morley indicates in the last half of the volume the place which the bee and its prodncts have held in literature, ancient and modern."—N. Y. Tribune. 1 Sold by Booksellers generally, or mailed, on receipt of price, by the Publishers, A. C. MCCLURG & CO., 215-221 Wabash Avenue, Chicago . 6 [July 1, THE DIAL FOR SUMMER READING NEW FICTION TO HAVE AND TO HOLD PRISONERS OF HOPE By MARY JOHNSTON. $1.50 each. Miss Johnston's books are of extraordinary interest, and their literary character of the highest. ROBERT TOURNAY A ROMANCE OF THE French REVOLUTION. By WILLIAM SAGE. Illustrated. $1.50. “An excitiug tale of exciting times, and historical scenes are graphically reproduced.”— The Living Age (Boston). THE SON OF THE WOLF Tales of the Far North. By Jack London. $1.50. «Nothing more virile and stimulating to the imagina- tion has come to us in the form of the short story for many a season.”—The Christian Register (Boston). POOR PEOPLE By I. K. FRIEDMAN. $1.50. “A story of tenement life. The absolute accuracy and sympathetic fidelity to life are wonderfully effective. There is more human nature in this book than in many of the best novels of the day.”—Boston Herald. LOVE IN A CLOUD A Comedy in Filigree. By ARLO BATEs, author of “The Puritans,” etc. $1.50. “ The comedy is monstrously clever, and is as light and airy as filigree all the way through. The fun is all-pervading, but never laborious.”—Church Standard (Philadelphia). THE BURDEN OF CHRISTOPHER By FLORENCE CONVERSE, author of " Diana Victrix.” $1.50. “ This stirring romance seizes upon the dramatic possibilities suggested by the struggle of a generous, sanguine, hot-headed philanthropist. . . The story is powerful, told with unusual skill and impressiveness." - The Watchman (Boston). KNIGHTS IN FUSTIAN A War-Time Story of Indiana. By CAROLINE BROWN. $1.50. “It is a strong study of a phase of our great war time - of decided literary and historical value.”—The Independent. THE PRELUDE AND THE PLAY By Rufus Mann. $1.50. “ The book is interesting from its thoroughly Amer- ican atmosphere, and from the delightful delineation of certain unmistakable types that are to be met with in the New England university town.”—The New York Commercial Advertiser. FROM SAND HILL TO PINE By BRET HARTE. $1.25. “ We could not resist the temptation to read a new story by Mr. Harte if we tried, and we never regret having read it.”—New York Tribune. 9 THE QUEEN'S GARDEN By Mrs. M. E. M. Davis, author of “Under the Man-Fig," " The Wire Cutters." $1.25. “ A charming little romance, the story of a week spent in a beautiful old mansion in the French Quarter of New Orleans." — Boston Advertiser. A DANVIS PIONEER By ROWLAND E. ROBINSON, author of “Danvis Folk." $1.25. “ An admirable historical romance, interesting to the boy for its fighting and hunting, to the youth for the series of sentimental experiences which fall to its hero's share, and to the gray beard for the positive illumina- tion it throws upon the settling of Vermont and the battles there during the Revolution.”— Chicago Even- ing Post. BRIDE ROSES ROOM 45 Two Plays by W. D. Howells. Very bright and airy, capital for Summer Theatricals. Each, 50 cents. FOR SALE BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. SENT, POSTPAID, BY HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO., PUBLISHERS, BOSTON 1900.] 7 THE DIAL NOW READY THE HEART'S HIGHWAY An Historical Romance of Virginia in the Seventeenth Century BY MARY E. WILKINS MIS ISTRESS MARY CAVENDISH had a “tabby petticoat of a crimson color, and a crimson satin bodice shining over her arms and shoulders like the plumage of a bird, and down her back streamed her curls, shining like gold under her gauze love-hood.” This young lady certainly lends charm to the opening of Miss Wilkins's first venture in the field of historical romance, nor does the rest of the story belie this auspicious beginning. The novel is designedly more subjective than most members of its class, but the development of personality is at no expense of movement or interest, the scene being laid just after Bacon's Rebellion, and a dramatic incident being the destruction of the young tobacco crop to elude the Navigation Act. Size, 54 x87; Pages, about 300; Illustrated by Fred M. Du Mond; Binding, cloth, decorated. Price, $1.50. JUST ISSUED. . . . ZOLA'S “ FRUITFULNESS” $2 00 “The most powerful single effort Zola has yet produced.”—New York Commercial Advertiser. FIELD AND IRWIN'S • STANFORD STORIES' 1 25 “So full of exuberance as to be a decided addition to undergraduate literature.”—Detroit Free Press. GLASGOW'S “THE VOICE OF THE PEOPLE.” (12th Thousand) 1 50 “ Vital with sincere and noble purpose."—New York Times. BLANCHAN'S « NATURE'S GARDEN.” (5th thousand) net 3 00 “ Never before has the whole wonderful scheme of the perpetuation of flowers by insects been so extensively treated.”—New York Mail and Express. DE FOREST'S - PARIS AS IT IS.” 2d Printing net 1. 25 “A guide book idealized - written by a brilliant American woman with keen powers of per- ception.”—New York Sun. Doubleday, Page & Company, 34 Union Square E., New York 8 (July 1, THE DIAL 12 GOOD BOOKS 12 Count Tolstoy RESURRECTION By the author of " Anna Karenina," “ War and Peace,” etc. 12mo, cloth, illustrated, $1.50. “ As we close this book of his old age, we are tempted to declare that, take it all in all, it is the greatest work of its great author.”_New York Times. Max Pemberton W. Pett Ridge FÉO OUTSIDE THE RADIUS By the author of “Kronstadt,” etc. 12mo, cloth, illus- By the author of “ By Order of the Magistrate.” trated, $1.50. 12mo, cloth, $1.25. In England Mr. Pemberton is one of the most popular This is a series of stories, each one complete in itself, writers of the present day in fiction, and it is gratifying to yet connected, for all are centred in a certain small village, note that the sale of his novels in America is increasing with which, though “outside the radius," may be easily identi- every year. fied by those who are familiar with London and its environs. L. Cope Cornford G. W. Steevens R. L. STEVENSON CAPETOWN TO LADYSMITH A Biography. By L. Cope Cornford. 12mo, cloth, $1.25. This is the second volume in the new and important se- By the author of “ With Kitchener to Khartum," ries of literary monographs, biographical and critical. Mr. etc. 12mo, cloth, $1.25. Cornford is well qualified to speak on Stevenson, and has Kipling himself could not combine the accurate statement treated him from a point of view refreshingly now. of fact with the same genius for swift and vivid delineation. Jerome K. Ferome THREE MEN ON WHEELS By the author of " Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow,” etc. 12mo, cloth, illustrated, $1.50. This book is a sequel to the famous “ Three Men in a Boat.” The three men in this case are the same, and their experiences upon this bicycle tour through Germany are as delightfully absurd as they were upon their former expedition. S. R. Crockett Paul Laurence Dunbar JOAN OF THE SWORD HAND THE STRENGTH OF GIDEON By the author of “ The Raiders,” etc. 12mo, cloth, By the author of « Folks from Dixie," etc. 12mo, illustrated, $1.50. cloth, illustrated, $1.25. " It is a robust romance full of color and life, opulent "Folks from Dixie" placed Mr. Dunbar in the front in action, with movement, passion, sentiment, and the rank of short-story writers, and this second volume, while glamour cbivalric deeds."--Brooklyn l'imes. in a measure covering new ground, again illustrates his command of humor and pathos. Some of these stories are Andrew Lang now published for the first time. A HISTORY OF SCOTLAND Walter Besant To be completed in 2 volumes. Volume I. now ready. THE ALABASTER BOX 8vo, cloth, $3 50 net. This is the first volume of an important and authorita- By author of “The Orange Girl.” 12mo, cloth, $1.50. tive history of Scotland. Mr. Lang is himself a Scot, and “This is a story of settlement life, and in it is shown from imparts a fervor and an interest to the narrative quite his actual knowledge and observation the effect of the life upon the workers." Mrs. Meynell Esther Singleton JOHN RUSKIN PARIS By the author of “ The Rhythm of Life," etc. 12mo, cloth, $1.25. The monuments and sights described by great writers. A new volume in a series of Literary Monographs - Fully illustrated. 8vo, cloth, $1 50. biographical and critical. The volumes are published in This volume is published in a form somewhat similar to a handy size. the same editor's well-known “Great Pictures." Own. DODD, MEAD & & CO., PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK 1900.] 9 THE DIAL The Macmillan Company's New Books. . a THE NEW FICTION. Each, $1.50. THE BANKER AND THE BEAR. BY HENRY KITCHELL WEBSTER, one of the authors of A STORY OF A CORNER IN LARD. MERWIN-WEBSTER'S THE SHORT LINE WAR. A series of remarkably genuine scenes in which is worked out the character of a man who finds an old friend in the way of a business speculation. Intensely thrilling in parts, it is an unusually good story all through. “ There is a love affair of real charm, and most novel surroundings; there is a run on the bank which is almost worth a year's growth, and there is a spy and a villain and all manner of exhilarating men and deeds which should bring the book into high favor.”_W. R. in The EVENING Post (Chicago). VOICES IN THE NIGHT. BY FLORA ANNIE STEEL, Author of “On the Face of the Waters," of which twelve Another of Mrs. Steel's vivid pictures of life in India, tense editions succeeded each other within one month, with keen insight and interest. in this country alone. AS THE LIGHT LED. BY JAMES NEWTON BASKETT, RURAL LIFE IN MISSOURI. Author of “At You-All's House." The growth of two characters is very simply set forth, yet the “ Homely, straightforward studies of American farm life absolute reality of it all, the probability, almost the actuality, of touched with the poetry which issues from contact with the beau- every incident gives it a peculiar appeal. tiful landscape.”—The Outlook. READY NEXT WREK. By WILLIAM STEARNS DAVIS. A FRIEND OF CÆSAR. Vividly interesting, with a thrilling plot, this is none the A TALE OF THE FALL OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC. less valuable to the scholar (as an aid in interpreting the life Word-painting of a rare quality- and such as need fear and literature of the Age of Cæsar from its own Pagan point no comparison from earlier issues." - The Bookman. of view) for being an uncommonly good story. AN OUTLINE OF POLITICAL GROWTH IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. By EDMUND HAMILTON SEARS, A.M., Principal of Mary Institute, St. Louis. Cloth, 8vo, $3.00 net. ' A work of comprehensive scope." The political progress of this century has been of a vital, fundamental -THE NEW YORK SUN. character, and its history, even in outline, is profoundly interesting. • Clearly and intelligently written, it is not hard reading."- The New YORK TIMES SATURDAY REVIEW. THE DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH. A THEORY OF WAGES, INTEREST, AND PROFITS. By JOHN BATES CLARK, Professor of Political Economy, Columbia University; author of “ The Philosophy of Wealth," etc. Cloth, 8vo, $3.00 net. An extension of the theory of value, an analysis of the nature of capital and of capital goods, a study of the different economic rents, and in particular a new order of economic study based on sociology. POLITICS AND ADMINISTRATION. A STUDY IN GOVERNMENT. By FRANK J. GOODNOW, LL.D., Professor of Adminis- trative Law in Columbia University. Cloth, $1.50 net. “Clear in style, orderly in arrangement, judicial in temper, and it admirably combines fascination with instruction.". Boston Advertiser. AND THE TARR AND MCMURRY GEOGRAPHIES. SECOND BOOK. NORTH AMERICA. Just Ready. With an especially full treatment of the United States and its dependencies. BY RALPH S. TARR, FRANK MCMURRY, Professor of Dynamic Geology and Physical Geography, Professor of the Theory and Practice of Teaching Cornell University. at Teachers' College, Columbia University. FIRST BOOK. HOME GEOGRAPHY AND THE EARTH AS A WHOLE. Among other 60 cents net. With many colored maps and numerous illustrations, chiefly from photographs. comments were: “The book I have been looking for for the last ten years. “I am much pleased with it, and have had enthusiastic It comes nearer to what I have been working for than any- praise for it from all the teachers to whom I have shown it. thing in the geography line that I have yet soen."—ANSEL It seems to me to be scientific, artistic, and convenient to a S. RICHARDS, Superintendent of Schools, Kingston, Mass. marked degree. The maps are a perfect joy to any teacher “It is the best school geography that I know." - MARY who has been using the complicated affairs given in most DRAKE, Adams Square School, Worcester, Mass. books of the kind."— AGNES McRae, Detroit, Mich. The Third Book on EUROPE and the Remaining Continents will be ready early in the fall. THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 66 Fifth Avenue, New York. 10 (July 1, 1900. THE DIAL D. Appleton & Co.'s Books for the Summer. 66 AN EPIC OF THE WEST. The Girl at the Halfway House. A Romance. By E. Hough, author of “The Story of the Cowboy." 12mo, cloth, $1.50. A dramatic picture of a battle which has been compared to scenes in “ The Red Badge of Courage," opens the story. After this “Day of War" there comes The Day of the Buffalo." The reader follows the course of the hero and bis friend, a picturesque old army veteran, to the frontier, then found on the Western plains. The third part of the story is called "The Day of the Cattle," and the fourth part of the story "The Day of the Plow." While this story is a novel with a love motive, it is perhaps most striking as a romance of the picturesque and dramatic days of early Western life. It shows the movement westward, and the free play of prim- itive forces in the opening of a new country. Nothing has been written on the opening of the West to excel this romance in epic quality, and its historic interest, as well as its freshness, vividness, and absorbing interest, should appeal to every American reader. In Circling Camps. A Romance of the American Civil War. By J. A. ALTSHELER, author of “ A Herald of the West," “ A Soldier of Manhattan,” etc. 12mo, cloth, $1.50. “Mr. Altsheler has an enviable reputation. His method is that of Fenimore Cooper. He tells a good, strong, human story for its own sake and not for the sake of showing off his talent as a literary story-teller. He gives us some great battle pieces, notably Shiloh and Gettysburg. His admiration of the nobler qualities of 'old friends turned foes? is so hearty and so sincerely dramatic that we love and pity the terrible valor of both."-RICHARD HENRY STODDARD in The New York Mail and Express. « An immediate success." The Farringdons. A Novel. By ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER, author of “ Concerning Isabel Carnaby,”“A Double Thread,” etc. Second Edition. 12mo, cloth, $1.50. Diana Tempest. A Novel. By Mary CHOLMONDELEY, author of “ Red Pottage.” New Edition. With portrait and biographical sketch. 12mo, cloth, $1.50. Appletons' Town and Country Library. Each 12no, cloth, $1.00; paper, 50 cents. Brown of Lost River. A Ranch Story. By MARY E. STICKNEY, The Last Sentence. A Novel. By MAXWELL GRAY, author of “The Silence of Dean Maitland." The Minister's Guest. A Novel. By ISABEL SMITH. DR. BARTON'S NEW NOVEL. Pine Knot. A Story of Kentucky Life. By WILLIAM E. BARTON, author of “ A Hero in Homespun." Illus- trated. 12mo, cloth, $1.50. The story is full of the atmosphere of the quaint mountain life with its wealth of amusing peculiarities, and it also has a historical value, since it pictures conditions attendant upon the anti-slavery movement and the days of the war. The interest of a treasure search runs through the tale, since the author has adroitly utilized a mountain legend of a lost mine. " Pine Knot" is a romance "racy of the soil”in a true sense, a story fresh, strong, and absorbing in its interest throughout. The Last Lady of Mulberry. Story of Italian New York. By HENRY WILTON THOMAS. Illustrated by Emil Pollak. 12mo, cloth, $1.50. "In Henry Wilton Thomas has arisen the historic playright if not historian of the Italy of New York. His tale of Mul- berry' is conceived and executed in so faithful a spirit and manner that it makes the reader for the time being quite ob- livious of any region west of the east side of the Bowery and of every mind and disposition not an Italian's.”—The Nation. Familiar Fish. Their Habits and Capture. A Practical Book on Fresh - Water Game Fish. By EUGENE MCCARTHY. With an Introduction by Dr. David STARR JORDAN, President of Leland Stanford Junior University, and numerous illus- trations. Uniform with “ Familiar Trees,” « Fa. miliar Flowers,” etc., by F. Schuyler Mathews. 12mo, clotb, $1.50. This practical and interesting work will be welcomed by fishermen, young and old, and by all who care for out-door life. As one of the most experienced of American fresh- water fishermen, Mr. McCarthy speaks with authority regard- ing trout, salmon, ouananiche, bass, perch, pike, and other fish, and his useful counsel concerning rods and tackle, fly- casting, camping, etc., imparts a special value to his book. “ By the best equipped writer in the country.” Bird Studies with a Camera. With Introductory Chapters on the Outfit and Methods of a Bird Photographer. By Frank M. CHAPMAN, Assistant Curator of Vertebrate Zoology in the American Museum of Natural History, author of “ Handbook of Birds of Eastern North America” and « Bird-Life." Illus. with over 100 photographs from nature by the author. 12mo, cloth, $1.75. “Invaluable to all students of ornithology. The pictures are of great value and interest. The text is written with knowledge and enthusiasm." —New York Herald. Bird-Life. Illustrated by Ernest Seton-Thompson. A Guide to the Study of Our Common Birds. By FRANK M. CHAPMAN. With 75 full-page plates and numerous text - drawings by Ernest Seton- Thompson. LIBRARY EDITION, 12mo, cloth, $1.75. Teachers' EDITION, same as Library Edition, but containing an Appendix with new matter designed for the use of teachers, and including lists of birds for each month of the year. 12mo, cloth, $2.00. Bird - Life. (Edition in Colors.) With 75 lithograpbic plates reproducing Ernest Seton - Thompson's pictures of birds in natural colors. 8vo, cloth, $5.00. " Stephen Crane's Books. The Red Badge of Courage. New Edition. With por- trait and biographical sketch. The Little Regiment. The Third Violet. Each 12mo, cloth, $1.00. Maggie. 12mo, cloth, 75 cents. APPLETONS' CANADIAN GUIDE - BOOK. By CHARLES G. D. ROBERTS. A Guide for Tourists and Sportsmen from Newfoundland to the Pacific. 12mo, flex- ible cloth, $1.00. D. APPLETON & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK. THE DIAL A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. . PAGE . . THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, postage CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries THE I-NOVEL. comprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must be added. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the A German novelist and critic, Spielhagen, current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or has called the attention of students of the novel poslal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO Clubs and for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application; to certain characteristics that seem to distin- and Sample Copy on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATEs furnished guish narratives related in the first person on application. All communications should be addressed to from those told in the third person. The THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. novel of the first person he has called, with the facility of his language in the coining of tech- No. 358. JULY 1, 1900. Vol. XXIX. nical terms, der Ich-Roman, the I-novel; and the pbrase is apt enough, perhaps, to excuse an CONTENTS. attempt to include it in English critical term- CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE inology. Though Spielhagen applies the word I-NOVEL, Katharine Merrill 11 especially to an autobiographical novel, many TRAVELS BY LAND AND SEA. E. G. J... 15 of his remarks have an application to the struc-, Cobbold's Innermost Asia. – Ward's Pyramids and ture of narrative of the first person that is Progress.- Wood's In the Valley of the Rhone.- generic. The autobiographical quality, indeed, Smith's Temperate Chile.- Adney's The Klondike Stampede. - Miss Morley's Down North and Up must in any case be relative; and it is my pur- Along. – Merrick's With a Palette in Eastern pose to study on Spielhagen's lines a few Palaces. — Le Gallienne's Travels in England. novels that are not autobiographical. “Israfel's" Ivory Apes and Peacocks. Yet if an autobiographical novel is cast in THINGS OUT OF DOORS. Wallace Rice . 19 Ingersoll's Nature's Calendar. - Abbott's In Ne- the first person, its directness of form makes ture's Realm. - Mrs. Dana's How to Know the Wild it seem to most readers more lifelike and con- Flowers. – Miss Lounsberry's A Guide to the Trees. vincing. It gains thereby an added degree - Miss Keeler's Our Native Trees. – Keeler's Bird Notes Afield.-Dugmore's Bird Homes.- Chapman's of personal closeness. Directness, therefore, Bird Studies with a Camera. and a resulting capacity for intensity are the RECENT FICTION. William Morton Payne 21 qualities first remarked as belonging to the Allen's The Reign of Law. – Partridge's The Angel I-structure. How inherent these are may be of Clay. - Chambers's The Cambric Mask. proved by the great difference in the nature of Chambers's The Conspirators. – Miss Johnston's To Have and To Hold. - Miss Smith's Mary Paget. – some of the novels that the I-form helps to Miss Glasgow's The Voice of the People. - Miss vitalize. From Stevenson's Treasure Island” Brown's Knights in Fustian. — Barry's Arden to Kingsley's “ Alton Locke" and to Brontë's Massiter. - Miss Taylor's The House of the Wizard. - Miss Taylor's The Cardinal's Musketeer.-Locke's " Jane Eyre” is a far cry; none of these is in The White Dove. - Mr. and Mrs. Castle's The Bath any large sense autobiographical, yet they all Comedy. – Weyman's Sophia. possess an unusual degree of vividness. They BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS 25 are representatives of three distinct classes, Primitive love and love-stories. - The earth as a battle-field. - The story of China as a nation. -- the story of adventure, the tract-novel, and the “Catering to the sky-line." - The 19th century as novel of passion. Each of these kinds, if well we might wish it to be. — The progress of modern written, is likely to be intense, but for different science. - A cyclopædia of correspondence and her- aldry.- A lawyer's notes on Bacon-Shakespeare. - reasons. The story of adventure of the type of Palmistry, with modern adaptations. — The plaint of Stevenson's is intense through the excitement a disquieted Christian. – A barren pbilosophy of aroused by following the incidents. The tract- Anthropology. novel, written with the express purpose of set- BRIEFER MENTION 29 ting forth the author's ideas on moral or public NOTES 29 questions, is likely to be intense through the ONE HUNDRED BOOKS FOR SUMMER READ- writer's earnestness of feeling and purpose. ING 30 And the novel of passion, if it really succeeds (A select list of some recent publications.) in delineating some great primary emotion, is TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS. 31 thereby certain to be intense. LIST OF NEW BOOKS . 31 Now this intensity in the nature of the ma- - - . . 12 [July 1, THE DIAL - > a > terial is at once aided by the first-person form the picaresque type, in which there is little of discourse. The form agrees with the spirit logical connection between incidents and slight it clothes. The truth of this analysis receives study of character, there is nevertheless one some proof by the absence, in the three novels kind of structural unity :— the unity, namely, : mentioned, of diversity of characterization and of a biography. But in such stories concen- multiplicity of interests. " Treasure Island” tration or intensity of feeling is impossible. shows little breadth of characterization, though “ Roderick Random,” here used as representa- it reveals some vivid figures; and its interest is tive of this type, shows life from many points single. “ Alton Locke ” has a gifted tailor for of view, and has a varied background. Yet a hero, and is concerned with portraying him everything is seen superficially, and is sub- as a tailor and a workman. Conditions, rather jected to the demands of the hero in his role of than people, are pictured and characterized, adventurer. In fact, the I-novel of the single- and these conditions are strictly limited both in narrator type cannot, or at least does not, as extent and time. Compared with “ Marcella," the third-person form may, include both breadth for example, which is less distinctly a tract- and intensity. Dickens's “Copperfield" and novel, “ Alton Locke ” has a much more con- “Great Expectations” (of the novels here fined range of interest and characterization. studied) most nearly succeed in doing this. “ Jane Eyre” is remarkable for its narrow And yet the quality of these I-novels is not range, for its singleness of effect. Two per essentially different from that of Dickens's sons, two only, stand out in high relief from a other stories, and it is not the quality (it lacks, background offering little variety of scenery, indeed, the element of intensity) of either personage, or incident. We pass far into the “The Egoist,” “Jane Eyre,” or “ Treasure hearts of those two, and that suffices. “The Island." Looked at from this point of view, Vicar of Wakefield,” also an I-novel and one Dickens's I-novels are more akin to “Roderick not closely autobiographical, has again not Random.” much diversity of character, incident, or con- This structural importance of the narrator is dition. This novel is the history of a group certainly one of the most noteworthy charac- rather than of one; but of strictly narrative teristics of the I-novel. The narrator always material it contains little not directly connected remains the structural centre, even if he is by with this immortal group. None of these novels no means the most interesting personage. In attempts to give the life of a community, a story like “ Cranford," where the narrator none of them possesses epic fulness; none scarcely claims the reader's attention, he yet of them accomplishes an equally full, just, remains the connecting link or the motive and lively delineation of several personages, power of a whole group, furnishing - so far as such as is found in many third-person novels. there is any – the logic of their appearances They contrast markedly in this particular with and behavior. “ Middlemarch,” for example, with its complex But if the I-form can partially unify diver- plot, its skilful portrayal of diverse character, sity and reinforce intensity, it yet has also and its varied background; or, again with special off-setting difficulties. The problem of Meredith's “Egoist,” where, though a relatively legitimacy, of rendering natural the narrator's small company of persons is studied, and the knowledge and ignorance, his presence and his background is slight, we yet find subtle and absence, his acting and his not acting, is not elaborate analysis of one after another of the easy of solution. The difficulty peculiar to the chief figures. To such work as this the I-form I-form lies in the fact that the narrator is a is not adapted. double personage. Logically, he of course rep- The reason for this is that the I-form com- resents the author, yet he is also a figure in pels a certain unity or singleness of structure the story. As author he is bound — if the because of the structural importance of the novel is to have the higher artistic effects of narrator. The whole story must, of course, which narrative is capable — to prepare the pass through the mind of the I-narrator; he reader for what is to come. Being the pivot must be present everywhere, and in a way ab- on which the structure turns, he rather than sorb everything into himself. Unity of material the other personages must carry the chief bur- is indeed not required; for this structural unity den of this preparation. Yet as one of the dependent on the narrator is so inherent that figures in the story, the narrator must himself it can hold together a great diversity of mate. not see what it is too early for him to see; and rial. This is why in a story of adventure of even after he has the knowledge that would a - > > 1900.) 13 THE DIAL TO - - а naturally lead to action, he must not act before the themes of love, separation, and reunion. the proper time. He must be a transparent To her the presenting means must have been a medium through which the reader may dimly minor matter. The novels analyzed seem to behold the future, himself remaining passive, show that the I-structure is especially effective unresisting, and unperceiving ; nevertheless, be in a story built upon adventure or upon some is supposed to be endowed with the usual de masterful passion or personality. In these gree of intelligence and activity. This is the cases the problem of legitimacy, while always crux of the I-form. How shall this double obstinate, no doubt, is nevertheless capable of personality be maintained with lifelikeness ? a somewhat satisfactory solution because of the How solve the problem that demands from the dominance of the narrator-bero, or because of narrator enlightenment of the reader and at the limited range of interests necessary to suc- the same time blindness or inaction in himself? cess. Obviously the novels of Dickens do not The magnitude of the problem of legitimacy belong wholly to either of these classes or to is apparent when a master like Stevenson re- the type represented by “ Roderick Random.” sorts to such a trick as that on which “ Treas. They seem to be organized according to no rule ure Island” hinges, — the boy-hero, with no or pattern, are often carelessly organized and malice prepense, climbing into a nearly empty extended beyond due bounds. With all their apple-barrel and falling asleep; to be oppor complexity one expects the problem of legiti- tunely waked to hear the treachery of the ship’s mation in “ David Copperfield” and “Great crew. The hero's knowledge of what occurs on Expectations "to assume unusual proportions. the island - aside from what happens to him- . But Dickens is helped by the very looseness of self, which is far more important - is legiti- his structure. Neither of these novels has a a mated by making him an eaves-dropper. scenic plot-centre - a scene that brings all the - Indeed, eaves-dropping or accidental overhear- personages together in a confusion or a combi- ing is a device used in nearly every one of the nation of interests. The heroes are accordingly novels here studied. Accident is, of course, never obliged to meet many of the persons at an easy mode of legitimation. It necessarily once, and the connection of scene with scene is plays some part in any picture of life, but the made largely by their own voluntary acts. reader dislikes the too frequent or the too Moreover, in the structure of the stories there opportune accident. “ Roderick Random,” for are some ragged ends. If the legitimation, example, uses chance so abundantly and so therefore, is not uncommonly difficult in these unskilfully as fairly to arouse resentment. long and intricate I-novels, this is chiefly be- The problem of legitimacy here, as in other cause Dickens evades it, as he does also in his similar stories, chiefly concerns the sudden third-person novels. changes of fortune undergone by the hero; and One other difference in the structure of the these are due, not to his character, but to a two forms of narrative is noticeable. stroke of good or ill luck. “The Vicar of Wake- sists in the treatment accorded author's com- field ” shows especially the difficulty of bring- ment. ing the persons together; a difficulty naturally Author's comment is a term applied to what- greater after the narrator is in prison, where he ever departs from pure narrative by way either is nevertheless to meet all the others. Nor is of generalization from individual instances, of the problem well solved in “ Jane Eyre.” Here direct address to the reader, or of expression the preparation of the reader is directly and of feeling not dramatized in some personage, seriously at variance with the needed ignorance but seen to be the author's own. In the third. of the heroine. How can Jane come so near person novel such reflection or appeal is re- the lunatic as she does, and witness so much garded by some critics as not properly a part of the results of frensy, without divining the of the story. However apt it may be, or truth ? Her ignorance is legitimated, but hardly pleasant to the reader, from the standpoint of adequately, by Rochester's preliminary order narrative structure it is declared to be an to withhold all knowledge of the crazy woman excrescence, because it is not objectified in the from the governess, and later by his personal thoughts and acts of the personages but' re. care to silence any suspicions she has. Scrutiny mains separate and abstract. In any piece of of the plot reveals other improbabilities ; but of fiction, comment closely approaches logically this novel the incidents and the plot, though the narrative of thoughts much used in modern single and strong in places, are swallowed up novels as a means of character-analysis. Log. in the intensity with which the author presents | ically, this narrative of thoughts is in part the It con- 14 [July 1, THE DIAL a author's comment upon the character he is be inconsistent with the person uttering it, that portraying; but structurally it holds a different the novel loses its dramatic interest without relation to the work from that of the comment being recompensed by the logical fulness and defined above, because it is objectified and consistency of a treatise. This is illustrated by individualized, and is thus truly incorporated Besant's novel “ Dorothy Wallis.” The I-nar- with the narrative. Now the peculiarity of the rator becomes in such cases as these, so far as I-form is that it objectifies and incorporates he is a fictitious personage, a victim of the all comment by making it the direct utterance author's zeal for humanity, and is immolated of the I-narrator. Critics who object to com- on the altar of progress. ment in the third-person form must admit that Possibly few things furnish a better test of in I-narrative it gains the structural right of the character of a novelist's gift than the fre- entrance, because the narrator is present in his quency of his comment and the nature of the own story and has full liberty to relate either things he says. “ Jane Eyre,” though it has his deeds or his thoughts. In the I-novel, scattered addresses to the reader, is uncom- accordingly, the relation between narrative of monly free from reflection as a thing apart thoughts and author's comment in the strict from the body of the story. The nature of the sense is sometimes so close as to make the dif- work is almost purely narrative. Dickens's ference almost indistinguishable. The differ- I-novels show the same slightness of reflection ence lies, however, so far as it may be perceived as on the whole is usual in his works. His at all, in the fact of generalization. Author's gift is not in the direction of thought. The comment becomes objectified, indeed, to the same may be said of Smollett. On the other extent that it is uttered by the I-narrator ; but hand, Kingsley's book, overloaded with com- yet it is only half dramatized, it may still serve ment and not ballasted by a dramatic plot, the author's philanthropic or homiletic purpose, proves him a moralist and a preacher quite as it still stops the narrative of events ; it is gen- readily as do his sermons or his fondness for eralized, and thus it has the value of an essay quoting Carlyle. “The Vicar of Wakefield,” , or a sermon. If the comment, however, springs perhaps the most truly genial of any of these , really from the thoughtful habit of mind in books, is after all weighted with no small amount the author, the statements just made presup- of eighteenth century sententiousness. One or pose some identity between the author and the two chapters are entirely filled with abstract hypothetical narrator. And this fact points to essays, curiously legitimated by being delivered what seems to be actually the case, that in as sermons by the Vicar. A similar device is I-novels wherein there is but slight spiritual used by Kingsley. To Sterne, of course, one relationship to the author — in stories he has turns for examples par excellence of comment; told for the sake of spinning a yarn — not much since, indeed, the comment in some sense comment is recognizable as author's reflection. vitalizes his work. But in this as in other Stevenson's stories are an instance. But in all things “ Tristram Shandy” illustrates not the I-novels where there is close relationship be ordinary workings of the I-structure ; rather tween the author and the narrator, comment may only some of its peculiarities exaggerated into be expected and its legitimacy fully granted. fantastic oddity. Hence, after all, it may be Nevertheless, the structural incorporation said that though I-narrative doubtless in theory thus of author's comment is a two-edged allows comment, none of the novels here an- weapon. Though greater freedom is thereby alyzed, except the two mentioned, makes much allowed the author to reflect on life, to discuss undue use of the liberty; and the remark sug- moral or public questions, than could be easily gests itself that even an I-novel is an uncertain admitted in a third-person novel, yet this same vehicle for social or philosophical disquisition. freedom tempts him to pass beyond the bounds Other characteristics and other forms of of liveliness or of naturalness. He is tempted, I-narrative must be studied before positive if he has at heart some great question, to make conclusions can be reached concerning its na- the I-narrator the mouthpiece of his anxieties ture; perhaps, however, enough has here been and his plans to such an extent that the novel done to show that the I-form adapts itself with becomes a tract, a servant of the age without remarkable ease either to material intense and permanent artistic value. This is true of concentrated in feeling, or to material which, “ Alton Locke.” Or, the author is tempted to subordinating emotion, is flowing and compre- overlay the narrative with such an amount of hensive in incident. observation and reflection, part of which may KATHARINE MERRILL. 1900.) 15 THE DIAL - a “One day I had an interesting opportunity of seeing The New Books. how the Russian conquerors treat their subject races. I happened to be at the Consulate when an Andijani mercbant called on some business, and was promptly TRAVELS BY LAND AND SEA.* invited to enter. He was treated as an honored guest; the Russian officers chatted with him on terms of inti- Information about the Pamir region of Cen- macy, and to watch him seated in the Consul's private tral Asia — that once terra incognita to the room as he partook of tea and fruit one would have north of the Hindu-Kush range poetically supposed him to be a cherished friend. The following known as the Roof of the World - is now ac- morning I observed the same merchant making a hur- ried exit through the Consulate gates, his progress be- cessible in a number of good books written ing skilfully accelerated by the whips of the Cossacks. from different political view.points. The re- From inquiries I gathered that the merchant had done gion is a rather tempting one to the explorer something of which the Consul-General did not approve, and the sportsman ; but perhaps its chief in- or had failed to do something which Petrovsky wished him to do." terest just now lies in the fact that it marks Nor do the Russian proconsuls, as it seems, the point where the jurisdictions of three Em- hesitate to resort to extreme measures of com- pires, the British, the Russian, and the Chi. nese, meet in rivalry — although the China- pulsion with Chinese officials, even where the man does not seem to count for much there latter are, with the Russians, in joint control as a competitor. of the district. For instance, at Kashgar, the The latest literary traveller in this debatable resident mandarin, or Taotai, proving stubborn land of high plateau and towering peak is Mr. on some small point of disagreement, it was Ralph P. Cobbold, who records his experiences arranged to lure him into the Consulate under and impressions, and gives vent to some very the pretence of treating him to a Russian vapor decided opinions, in a handsome volume of bath. A treat of a very different order, how- 350 odd pages entitled “Innermost Asia.” ever, was in store for the learned Confucian Mr. Cobbold's book is ostensibly and essen- and representative of the Dragon Throne. It tially a story of travel and sport in the Pamirs ; was arranged that while the great man was en- but, as a Briton of the strenuous type and an joying his ablutions he was to be seized by ex-officer in the army to boot, be does not let four stout Cossacks and soundly whipped until slip the opportunity to dilate vigorously on the his mind was open to a rational, or Russian, political questions connected with the country Ukhtomsky beautifully says , is the advance of view of the point in dispute. Thus, as Prince he visited. It is due to Mr. Cobbold to say Holy Russia in the Orient inspired by her that a portion of the country he saw has never before been viewed by an Englishman, and that motto, " Power lies not in strength, but in love." his enforced detention by Russian officials at It was on September 13, 1897, that Mr. an outlying post gave him an exceptional op- Cobbold set out from Srinagar, by the military portunity for studying Russian administrative road through Gilgit and Hunza, on his long- methods in newly annexed territory. These planned visit to the Pamirs. . After an inter- methods are partly exemplified in the following esting and adventurous two-months' journey he incident: reached Kashgar, where a rather protracted stay furnished him material for a pleasant *INNERMOST ASIA : Travel and Sport in the Pamirs. By Ralph P. Cobbold. Illustrated. New York: Charles Scrib- chapter. Vierny, nearly five hundred miles ner's Sops. distant, was the next considerable halting. PYRAMIDS AND PROGRESS : Sketches from Egypt. By point, and here the author enjoyed a tiger- John Ward, F.S.A.; with introduction by Rev. Professor hunt. We We say enjoyed, although at one time Sayce. Illustrated. New York: E. & J. B Young & Co. IN THE VALLEY OF THE RHONE. By Charles W. Wood, the tables were very near being turned on Mr. F.R.G.S. Illustrated. New York: The Macmillan Co.. Cobbold, the reader being wrought up to a TEMPERATE CHILE: A Progressive Spain. By W. Ander- pleasing pitch of uncertainty as to whether in A son Smith. With frontispiece. New York: The Macmillan Co. the end it was going to be the gentleman or THE KLONDIKE STAMPEDE. By Tappan Adney. Illus- the tiger. From Vierny Mr. Cobbold returned trated. New York: Harper & Brothers. to Kashgar, where he obtained a permit to Down NORTH AND UP ALONG. By Margaret Warner visit the Russian Pamirs. This privilege led Morley, Illustrated. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co. WITH A PALETTE IN EASTERN PALACES. By E. M. Mer- to an arduous journey and some trying adven- rick. Illustrated. New York : Charles Scribner's Sons. tures, as well as to an object-lesson in the TRAVELS IN ENGLAND. By Richard Le Gallienne. Illus- methods of Russian officials, who detained Mr. trated. New York: John Lane. Cobbold for some time as a prisoner on parole, IVORY APES AND PEACOCKS. By “ Israfel." New York: A. Wessels Co. in spite of his permit and his sacrosanct quality 16 [July 1, THE DIAL For an since they had been under Maledicte de nopeans eren Lorenzo and the caged starling. But the other a with maps. as a British subject. Freed from the clutches deed, in some regards and for not a few tem- of his polite and hospitable but inexorable peraments. As Schopenhauer says, the ex- captors (who seem to have regarded him as a pression “ to enjoy one's self at Paris " instead possible spy), Mr. Cobbold resumed his jour. of “ to enjoy Paris” is a profoundly accurate ” ney in no sentimental mood, and on July 7 one. At all events, Mr. Wood clearly has the crossed the Chinese frontier, of which he says: capacity for having an immensely good time, “I confess that at this part of my journey I felt par- as every page of his book attests. ticularly radiant. I had realized my ambition to visit F.R.G.S., he seems a rather sentimental trav- the mighty Oxus in that part of its course which is eller, and has not, we think, wholly neglected quite unknown to Englishmen. I had crossed the dis- trict of Roshan, and visited the unknown region of the immortal model of the historian of Father , been to gestion of a model is slight and unobtrusive; crossed the Panja and visited the outermost stronghold and of good set description and nuggets of ac- of Afghan power at Kala Bar Panja, and I had seen the inside of the two most outlying Russian strongholds tual information in the guide-book way there is in innermost Asia, and I realized that the hardships I no lack. Mr. Wood's starting point was Mon- bad met with had not been endured in vain." treux, in the upper, or Swiss, Rhone valley ; Mr. Cobbold's book will be found both en- and his itinerary for this region embraced the tertaining and instructive, and must, we think, best towns of the cantons of Vaud and Valais take rank as a standard work of reference on Territet, Caux, Chillon, Sion, St. Maurice, the subject. Those who scout its political Martigny, Orsières, Liddes, Geneva. The St. , views must admit the value of its descriptions. Bernard Hospice was visited, of course. Tbe It is handsomely illustrated and well provided lower or French valley was done” in leisurely “ fashion. From Lyons a delightful excursion Mr. John Ward's charmingly illustrated by train and diligence was made to the Au- volume of travel-sketches from Egypt, entitled vergne district. Arles was made the rallying- “ Pyramids and Progress," seems almost an point for a series of delightful jaunts, and Mr. ideal book for the use of tourists looking Nice Wood does not omit the customary tribute to the fair Arlésiennes. wards who wish to make the most of the jour- “Fair women ? They are indeed fair women. We ney in the way of both pleasure and profit. had long heard of the charm of the Arlésiennes, but As Professor Sayce observes, in his thoughtful our imagination fell short of the truth. We never an- Introduction, the traveller who would learn all ticipated such a galaxy of beauty - beauty of a that a voyage up the Nile can teach him must and splendid type. They are said to bave retained the have the seeing eye and the hearing ear, and old Roman type of the earlier centuries, and apparently it is so. In no other way can one explain the phenom- possess, moreover, the understanding mind; for it is nothing less than a wonder.” and it is for such that Mr. Ward's book is written. Mr. Ward has not written as an an- A trip to Arles is evidently well worth while. tiquarian merely. In his descriptions, infor- Les Baux, Mont Major, St. Remy, La Ca- mation as to the vestiges of ancient Egyptian margue, St. Gilles, Aignes-Mortes, Avignon, civilizations is judiciously mingled with infor. Villeneuve, St. Péray, Vienne, were visited mation as to the Egypt of to-day, the land of and explored, with pleasant results. In short, nascent progress in which Lord Cromer and Mr. Wood's book is an exceptionally lively his staff of administrators and engineers are and readable one, with a due savor of litera- working so many wonders. The great works ture and scholarship, and an element of decided of irrigation now in progress, the enormous interest and charm in the eighty-eight artistic barrages and reservoirs destined to regulate drawings that enrich it. the flow, check the waste, and double the area In Mr. W. Anderson Smith's “ Temperate of fertilization of the Nile, are fully described. Chile" will be found a rather severely critical Mr. Ward's scholarly and concise book is a model one of its kind, and may be cordially yet friendly and impartial account of that en- recommended to the intelligent tourist, and to politics, resources, customs, and geographical ergetic and combative little state, its people, , the reader in quest of general information. features. The book is soberly written, and Reading Mr. Charles W. Wood's chatty with a view to the instruction rather than en- and enthusiastic account of his tour “ In the tertainment of the reader, being filled with Valley of the Rhone” is nearly as good as solid information and carefully drawn conclu. making the trip one's self — rather better, in-sions. sions. Mr. Smith evidently believes in the enon - 1900.) 17 THE DIAL a a - future prosperity and political stability of Chile, 30 he started for the West, specially equipped though things are at present in a rather raw and with one year's photographic outfit. Arrived inchoate condition. Intemperance is common, at the scene of operations, Mr. Adney plunged and homicides are shockingly frequent. manfully into the thick of the fray, doing at “When a large bottle of very strong and fiery alco- the Klondike as the Klondikers did, and study- holic spirit can be bought for about sixpence, and living ing in all its phases the life at the new Eldo- is otherwise cheap, the natural consequence is a large consumption. ... Scarcely a day passes in Santiago expedition is embodied in a comely volume of rado. The literary and pictorial result of his without two or three murders; and it is commonly as- serted and believed that 1,500 to 1,800 men are apnu- nearly five hundred pages, entitled “The Klon- ally victims of violence between Valparaiso and San- dike Stampede.” It is a racy and graphic tiago." book, full of hints and counsels for the tyro, Chile is as yet but nominally republican, many in which one may view through the eyes of a of the old semi-aristocratic or oligarchic au- keen observer the Klondike drama in its pecu- thorities and abuses having, in point of fact, liar phases. Social life, we learn, adorned and survived the Revolution, and a more or less softened by the presence of the fair sex, was vicious and ignorant priesthood still blights not lacking at Dawson. Indeed, there was a the minds and morals of the people. good deal of it. It centred at a dance-hall “ In place of a fresh new republican tree we have a known as “Pete's,” the fashionable Almack's weak republican graft on the old oligarchy, that re- of the place. Its presiding genius, after mains still largely in evidence. The wealth seized from Pete” himself, was the "caller-off," a strenu- Peru has aggravated rather than relieved the situation. It has increased the number of parasites removed from ous and voluble young man whose function it the possible workers in the more beneficial paths of in- was to keep the fun going, and, incidentally, dustry and commerce. Like a hive of bees that has the whiskey flowing. Bashful “ gents” with robbed its neighbor, Chile is in danger of becoming a the wall-flower habit were urged into action, nation of professional thieves, rather than steady devel. opers of its undoubtedly valuable resources. . . . A and economical "gents” were shamed into restraining and modifying influence is, however, ap- bursts of prodigality. When the music struck parent in all the growing centres of population. The up, the exhorter began : educated and struggling middle class is increasing at a “Come on boys — you can all waltz - let's have a far greater ratio than the lower, with which insanitary nice, long, juicy waltz;' and then, when three or four surroundings and ways of life, aided by the knife and couples had taken the floor ... the fun began. . . aguardiente, wage continual and effective war. The Hardly had the dancers stopped before the caller-off, public press is outspoken and increasingly liberal, edu- upon whose skill in keeping the dances going depended cation advancing on sound lines, and every act of gove the profits of the house, began again in his loud voice, ernment criticized keenly and discussed with heat in coaxing, imploring — Come on boys,' or, "Grab a every bar and café.” lady, boys, 'n' have a nice quadrille.' And so it went on Those in need of solid information as to Chile's all night, one hundred and twenty-five dances being not present condition and her outlook should not unusual before daylight appeared through the frosted panes.” neglect Mr. Smith’s book. It has an index and a good map. «Grabbing" a lady involved treating her at the bar after the dance was over; and so, with On June 16, 1897, the steamer Excelsior," whiskey at a dollar a drink and champagne at of the Alaska Commercial Company, steamed to her dock near the foot of Market Street, sacks, of the miners grew lean rapidly, while forty dollars a bottle, the “pokes," or gold- San Francisco; and that night the wires flashed the coffers of “Pete" waxed fat. Mr. Adney's over the country the news that a part of her vivacious book gives a satisfactory view of the a cargo was $750,000 in gold-dust, an earnest of Klondike movement of 1897-98, and the pic- what was going to prove the richest “strike" tures are as good as the text. in all American mining history. On June 17, another boat, the Portland," reached Seattle, Miss Margaret W. Morley's fresh and ex. bringing $800,000 more of what newspaper hilarating account of her leisurely summer economists and stump orators call the "yellow jaunt in Nova Scotia and Cape Breton Island metal”; and the Coast was presently “gold deserves a more graceful title than “ Down crazy once more. The rush to the Klondike North and Up Along.” Miss Morley visited began. On the 28th of July Messrs. Harper in turn Digby, Grand Pré, Blomidon, Part- & Brothers of New York commissioned a corre- ridge Island, Halifax, Baddeck, Englishtown, spondent to go to Dawson to procure news and Igonish, etc., and she paints what she saw in a pictures of the gold-fields. Mr. Tappan Adney style that is refreshingly straightforward and was the one chosen for the work; and on July 1 unaffected. Miss Morley has the sense of 6 18 [July 1, THE DIAL - - a he "I went to see the Taj by moonlight (oh! the trite- humor, as the following picture of “ Tommy essayist and_virtuoso of irridescent phrases, Atkins," as seen at Halifax, may attest: “ Israfel.” To the travel-pictures are added a “ Their presence is decorative, but individually these half-dozen rhapsodic little papers on themes soldiers are not very impressive. Many of them are musical and literary - "The Musical Critic,” “ certainly round-shouldered; and with their bright red “Rudyard Kipling, " Music and Literature," coats and tiny round caps perched on an angle of the head and held in place by straps under the chin, they etc. Other titles are, “ Peninsular and Ori- look so irresistibly like the long-tailed gentleman who ental,” “Bombay,” “ Agra,” “The Taj Ma- sits on the hand-organ and doffs bis cap for pennies, hal,” “Delhi,” “Benares,” “Calcutta," and that it is difficult to contemplate them with the respect so on. “ Israfel” is essentially a stylist, an due to their glorious calling." executant of brilliant verbal fantasias ; and we So much for the units of the historic “thin are not to look to him for statistics, or for a red line.” Miss Morley's book is a capital one British tax-payer's views on the Indian budget. with which to while away the sultry hours of a He has a curious trick of wilful batbos, of summer holiday. checking a flight of parti-colored words with a Miss E. M. Merrick is a London artist, and homely and even a relatively vulgar allusion. portraits are her specialty ; but she has made A rhapsody on the Taj Mahal is thus cut short some creditable excursions into the field of by the memory of the grateful effect of a glass genre painting, in the illustrative or narrative of whiskey on a chilly night: English style. Wbile still a student at the ness of the phrase!) - - a full moon. Royal Academy, Miss Merrick made a trip to The night was such a one as you might spend ' with Saadi in the gar- Egypt; and there, though mainly on pleasure den,' breathless and tropical, the flower scents rose as bent, she found time to secure and begin sev- incense straight to Heaven, the gleaming tanks were eral commissions, notably portraits of the sheets of shadowy silver, and musical with frogs. The Khedivia and of Mr. H. M. Stanley. These Taj shone, peerless as a swan on a lake, in the sky of , dusky amethyst, a palace of pearl pierced by soft, un- successes turned Miss Merrick’s thoughts to fathomable glooms. ... I cannot express the Un- the Orient as a promising field of operations ; reality, the Ideality, of the Taj that night. Standing ; and a professional foray into India followed. but a few paces from its ghostly loveliness, I felt that The memories of these expeditions are now it was a vision, impalpable, unattainable ; I thought of printed in a pretty little volume entitled “With Epipsychidion,' I thought of Heine's · Ewig verlor'nes Lieb,' I thought of the whiskey-peg I should have when a Palette in Eastern Palaces,” which has a cer- I got home for the night was a cold one." tain special descriptive value owing to the fact that its author, in her capacity of portrait-uncle said that it was a very nice place.” Asked to describe the Taj Mahal, the author's painter, was often permitted to penetrate into Perhaps he would have reserved his enthusi- “ places that are closed to most tourists — in. asm for the whiskey-peg. Readers who care deed, to all masculine visitors whomsoever. for “ Israfel” at all will like this his latest The book presents many lively pictures of East volume very much. Indian society and manners, native and exotic; and it is written with true feminine vivacity. It We have read with much relish the seven- contains some interesting reproductions of por- teen papers contained in Mr. Richard Le Gal- traits painted in the East by the author ; but lienne's pretty volume entitled “Travels in quite the most attractive thing in it is the England," and shall certainly re-read some of frontispiece portrait of Miss Merrick herself. them — the specially pleasant ones on Win- While in Egypt, Miss Merrick met some terslow and Stratford, for example. Mr. Le American tourists. Gallienne went to Winterslow as to the one time I remember one remarking to me when I was feel- home -- or lair, one may say — of Hazlitt; and ing rather seedy at Assouan, Wal, you do look like a he went to Stratford to see Madame Bernhardt Guess Egypt don't suit go home play “Hamlet." These facts mark the drift in a box likely.' American expressions sound very and tenor of the two papers. Other places funny to our ears." visited were Selborne, Winchester, Sarum, We should think so. American readers will Stonehenge, Avebury, Lechlade, Kelmscott, regret that Miss Merrick fails to say what Cirencester, the Cotswold's. Let us add that section of this country the expressions quoted the season was summer, and Mr. Le Gallienne are native to. travelled a-wheel. Mr. Herbert Railton's balf- “ Ivory A pes and Peacocks" is the suffi- dozen dainty drawings harmonize nicely with ciently bizarre title of a sheaf of East Indian the general character of this sprightly and travel-pictures by that pleasantly fantastical pretty book. E. G. J. 6 I - - 66 6 worm. you. You'll 1900.) 19 THE DIAL ible. By way of final grace to a book in the THINGS OUT OF Doors.* best of taste in all its essentials, twelve repro- • By the time July is well started,” observes ductions of as many photographs by Mr. Clar- the gentle author of " Friends Worth Know- ence Lown afford typical views of fields, forests, ing,” in his newer work, “ Nature's Calendar," “ Nature's Calendar,” and rivers. " the rains have ceased, the woods are deep in the shadow of completed leafage and growing Beautifully printed on paper which leaves one vexed that glazed surfaces bave ever been twigs, the soil is dry and is throwing out an increasing crop of curious agarics, and walking by Mr. Oliver Kemp to interpret the thought tolerated, with nearly a hundred illustrations in the dusty roads or open uplands is unpleas- in another medium, Dr. Charles C. Abbott's ant. Naturally enough, then, we turn in our “ In Nature's Realm” is a book to be treas- rambles towards the watercourses and seek to ured. Serenely philosophical, keenly observant, read the books in the running brooks.'” Mr. , intellectually suggestive, the placid marshalling Ingersoll does not say, as he could have said, of the less obvious facts of nature, with their that the opening of July is the very crown and summit of the year ; nor could he have known gentle spiritual interpretation from Dr. Ab- that this year of grace, 1900, finds it a most real triumph of literature. He discusses, to bott's pen to make us all human together, is a exceptional time for seeing the outdoor world take one example from scores, “My Point of at its very best, abundant and early rains and moderate temperatures having given promise him aright when he says : View," and his breadth is made ours if we read of a July that does not need to have its face “I am what I am to nature, not what another, from washed for the dust upon it. his point of view, judges I should be. I am a part of It is truly a time and a season in which to nature and nature is a part of me. Tear us apart, and observe the real beauties of this earth of ours, nature is robbed and I am ruined. Hence the futility so far removed from the political turmoil in of attempting radical changes; for nations and coun- tries and climates have their peculiar points of view, which that country is about to plunge. Nor and the Christianized pagan is still but a pagan Chris- should we, unless we know them thoroughly, tianized. His idol may be a fraud, but it will never neglect the lessons that are to be gained from cease to be his idol. The outward sign of respect may so charming an assortment of books as bave be withheld, but the inward feeling of regard can never die. Who has seen the world with another's eyes ? been provided for summer instruction and en- There is a cuttle-fish that can blacken the waters about tertainment. “ Nature's Calendar” is a book it until the animal disappears, but the water is water for the year, containing on its broad pages “ a still, and the animal is only hidden, not changed nor slender rivulet of text” of much charm and annihilated. The oak does not ask the elm to change pertinency, while beside and under it is a space its leaves, nor roses red taunt the violets because they of white marked for every day of the year, are blue,— why then seek to change my point of view and blur the landscape that to me is beautiful and so a whereon notes may be made to supplement the joy forever? The intensity of a personality that observations of the author. But it is a calen- dwarfs others is more likely to prove a curse than a dar in another sense as well, for at the end of blessing. My limited individuality has its place and is each of the months is set forth such a summary not benefitted by shifting it from its bearings. Nature of the habits of live things, birds, reptiles, There is much more of this delightful and hu- is a better director than man in this regard.” fishes, and insects, that the least observant can load himself with hints to make obvious and mane philanthropy, which contrasts so abruptly with the turmoil and warfare of the world familiar at least a part of a world before in vis- due chiefly, it may be remarked, to the fact * NATURE'S CALENDAR. By Ernest Ingersoll. New York: that we are not satisfied with burghers as Harper & Brothers. IN NATURE's REALM. By Dr. Charles C. Abbott. Tren burghers, Filipinos as Filipinos, or Mongols as ton, N. J.: Albert Brandt. Mongols, but are madly seeking to make them How to KNOW THE WILD FLOWERS. By Mrs. William British, or American, or Caucasian, as the case Starr Dana. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. may be. When the world has learned, like A GUIDE TO THE TREES. By Alice Lounsberry. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company. Dr. Abbott, that a man's point of view is his OUR NATIVE TREES. By Harriet L. Keeler. New York: own, and that he is accountable for it to God Charles Scribner's Sons. alone, we shall all of us be in a fair way of BIRD NOTES A FIELD. By Charles A. Keeler. San Fran- cisco: D. P. Elder and Morgan Shepard. being civilized, instead of merely thinking our- BIRD HOMES. By A. Radclyffe Dugmore. New York: selves so. Doubleday & McClure Co. BIRD STUDIES WITH A CAMERA. By Frank M. Chapman. Mrs. William Starr Dana's “ How to Know New York: D. Appleton & Co. the Wild Flowers" can hardly need extended a " a - a 20 (July 1, THE DIAL care. notice at this time, since the new edition an. with her breast. Seemingly with difficulty the head is nounces itself the fifty-sixth thousand. It dif- raised and the long, slender beak arranges here and there a bit of lichen, bark, or cobweb in its proper place fers from its predecessors by the inclusion of on the outside. Thus she works until the compact little forty-eight colored plates after the water-color structure of softest thistledown, covered on the outside sketches by Miss Elsie Louise Shaw, uncolored with small fragments of moss, lichen, bark, and similar pictures of the same flowers contained in for- materials, is ready to receive the invariable two white mer editions being omitted here, and almost as eggs. In due course of time the most helpless young many new ones being added from the faithful imaginable are hatched, to be tended with unremitting They soon grow so large that their diminutive flower portraits of Miss Marion Satterlee. The home can scarcely contain them until, at last, from the text stands as it did seven years ago, and the sheer physical necessity of overcrowded quarters, they book in its present form leaves little to be de- are forced to essay a flight. Wonderful, indeed, is the sired. domestic life of these smallest of birds, in whose minute frame is compacted so much of intelligence and passion Miss Alice Lounsberry's “Guide to the 6 so much that we fondly claim as human.” Trees” and Mrs. Harriet L. Keeler's “ Our Native Trees ” differ chiefly in the personal In abrupt contrast with this may be taken the equation of the two writers. Both give, with paper on “Patrolling the Beach,” in which all the fulness desirable, the means whereby nature in her most ferocious aspect, after a component members of American forests can storm at sea, is followed in her work of devas- be distinguished one from another, and their tation. The book, which is most alluringly names ascertained with the least amount of designed, concludes with a key whereby the trouble. In addition to this groundwork, which various birds of California may be differenti- includes a complete description of the tree in ated and identified, the arrangement being all its details, — bark, leaves, flowers, and such that no scientific knowledge is required for its use. fruit, — Miss Lounsberry’s book contains a great number of colored and black-and-white “ Bird Homes,” by Mr. Radclyffe Dugmore, pictures and diagrams made by Mrs. Ellis is such a book as every lover of birds must Rowan, and a brief introduction by Dr. N. L. welcome, since it really admits the reader into Britton. Mrs. Keeler's work is illustrated by the privacy of their family life. It is, more- . reproductions of photographs direct from na- over, an eloquent plea for acquaintance with ture, most of them of leaves and fruit, but with our tiny neighbors as the best means of pre- many drawings of details. It is a work which serving them from the cruelties which make us is less formal than the other, and with more of ashamed of the name of human. One or two the literary quality. Quite as instructive, it of the instances Mr. Dugmore cites are quite sets forth the technicalities in popular language, too harrowing for repetition here. But such a while the photographs of leaves serve a better paragraph as this is worth taking to heart: purpose in the process of identification. Either “I think any woman who had seen a mother-thrush of the books is a desirable addition to the on the nest, with her anxious, wild little eyes looking library. out in fear of the intruder, could never again wear a stuffed bird as a hat ornament, to be used for a short Mr. Charles A. Keeler is already well known month or two and then thrown away. For herein lies, for his delightful writings after the manner of perhaps, the chief cause of the partial extermination of a Californian Thoreau, and “Bird Notes our birds, both those that are sombre in color (for they Afield ” will enhance his reputation both as a can be dyed to any desired shade) and those that are man of letters and of science. He deals with by nature of brilliant hues. And who gains by this cruel sacrifice to a heartless fashion save the dealers ?” the birds of the Pacific coast more particularly, A similar warning is addressed to the boy who and his statement of the differences and re- Instructions are semblances of these with the feathered folk of begins an egg collection. regions nearer the rising sun makes very de given which will enable the eggs to be taken lightful reading. Many of his studies have without inflicting the birds with calamity, but been made in the vicinity of Berkeley, for a still stronger argument is made for observing which the pleasant book of Miss Eva V. Car- the conduct of the young when hatched. It is lin, published more than a year ago, serves as to descriptions of this sort, admirably illas- an introduction. He tells of the domestic life trated by instantaneous photographs in repro- of the hummingbird, as follows: duction of the birds, old and young, in various “ If you have the good fortune to have discovered stages of home building and family rearing, an unfinished nest, you may observe the mother bird's that the book is chiefly devoted ; and no better methods of work. She settles upon it and rounds it | argument for the use of a camera instead of a a 1900.] 21 THE DIAL gun could be desired than these very pictures. RECENT FICTION.* Emerson's lines are his text: “Have you numbered all the birds of the wood, Those readers to whom “ The Choir Invisible” Without a gun? came as a revelation of strength allied with tender- Have you loved the wild rose — ness, of spiritual beauty made one with the beauty And left it on its stalk? of the visible world, have been eagerly awaiting O be my friend, and teach me to be thine." Not only does the book abound in photographic Allen. Mr. Allen takes his time about writing, further work from the pen of Mr. James Lane reproductions, many of them in color, but there and two years have gone to the composition of his are several plates of eggs which will give the new book, “ The Reign of Law.” We are thus as- reader most of the advantages of a collection sured in advance of his usual careful workmanship, without the possibility of inflicting misery upon and we open his new volume with the most pleas- the small friends whom self-interest no less than urable anticipations. These anticipations are not humanity urges us to protect. Mr. Dugmore doomed to disappointment, for the work, considered is to be congratulated on the execution of his primarily as a piece of literature, proves to be sat- gentle and pious task. isfying in a high degree. Those who care less for of even greater interest than the book just the graces of style and for the exhibition of elevated Of noticed is Mr. F. M. Chapman's pleasant adjanets , will perhaps suffer some slight disappoint; narrative of “ Bird Studies with a Camera." ment when they discover that “The Reign of Law" Mr. Chapman is the first American to discern is little more than an account of the struggles of an the advantages which the exceedingly clever untutored country lad to win his spiritual emanci. book of the Messrs. Kearton, “ Wild Life at “ Wild Life at pation. He is presented as an extremely sympa. Home,” held out to those happy folk who are thetic figure, but the story of his life has few inci. amateurs in both photography and ornithology. dents save those which are connected with his Though his book is not so ambitious as his endeavor to secure an education, and with his eager disciple's, it covers more ground, and ground quest for the higher forms of truth. All sorts of obstacles confront him as his mind gropes toward of another sort, without being quite so detailed. the light, and his spiritual freedom is gained at a The two works, taken together, will form a great price. Living in an atmosphere of sectarian- course both elementary and advanced in the ism and narrow religious bigotry, he finds his way pleasant application of the two sciences of unaided to the high intellectual plane of the great which it treats. Mr. Chapman has been along modern thinkers who have 80 transformed our the Atlantic coast and to the islands in the primitive conceptions of the relation between man St. Lawrence in search of subjects, and he dis- and the universe. The dogmatic influences which courses on pelicans and plovers with the ease would impede his growth to full intellectual stature which Mr. Dagmore bestows on bobolinks and are successfully resisted, and he works out in his blackbirds. Nests and eggs play their part * THE REIGN OF LAW. A Tale of the Kentucky Hemp with both, and so do the facts about lenses and Fields. By James Lane Allen, New York: The Macmillan Co. hyposulphites ; Mr. Chapman being more spe- ; THE ANGEL OF CLAY. By William Ordway Partridge. New York: G. P. Putnam's Song. cific in respect to the latter. THE CAMBRIC MASK. A Romance. By Robert W. Cham- So ends a charming task, most amiably suited bers. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Co. to the crowning season of the year. Insects THE CONSPIRATORS. A Romance. By Robert W. Chambers. New York: Harper & Brothers. and flowers, butterflies and roses, birds and To HAVE AND TO HOLD. By Mary Johnston. Boston: trees, fields and rivers, these are surely among Houghton, Mifflin & Co. the loveliest things on earth. MARY PAGET: A Romance of Old Bermuda. By Minna Caroline Smith. New York: The Macmillan Co. WALLACE RICE. THE VOICE OF THE PEOPLE. By Ellen Glasgow. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co. We have already noticed the first six volumes of the KNIGHTS IN FUSTIAN: A War Time Story of Indiana. By Caroline Brown. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. “ Library of English Classics” published by the Mac- millan Co. Three additional volumes of this series con- ARDEN MASSITER. By Dr. William Barry. New York: The Century Co. tain Boswell's “Life of Johnson,” reprinted from the THE HOUSE OF THE WIZARD. By M. Imlay Taylor. Chi- edition prepared by Mr. Mowbray Morris for the cago: A. C. McClurg & Co. « Globe" series of the same publishers. Beyond two or THE CARDINAL'S MUSKETEER. By M. Imlay Taylor. three pages of bibliography, this edition has no special Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co. apparatus; it is simply a reprint, in an altogether digni. THE WHITE DOVE. By William J. Locke. New York: fied and acceptable form, of the most interesting of all John Lane. literary biographies. The very low price at which the THE BATH COMEDY. By Agnes and Egerton Castle. New volumes of this “Library” are offered to the public York: Frederick A. Stokes Co. should find for them exceptional favor in the eyes of pur- SOPHIA. A Romance. By Stanley J. Wegman. New chasers. York: Longmans, Green, & Co. 22 (July 1, THE DIAL -8 it he a - - own experience that sublime conception of the reign He has a message of fine idealism to deliver of law which has been the chief philosophical message that he has delivered successfully in marble achievement of our age, and which dwarfs all the and in bronze — that he might deliver successfully theological counsels, darkened by words without in the form of the essay; but his attempt to set it knowledge, of the past. Those who can match in forth in a work of fiction is a hopeless failure. If their own experience the intellectual struggles of the reader will forego the expectation of finding a this youth will understand the author's purpose ; story in this book, and be content to view it as a for those who cannot bring to their reading as series of thoughtful disquisitions upon art and life, much as they take from it, “ The Reign of Law he will not, however, go wholly unrewarded. Mr. Chambers has so unusual a gift for romantic popular we do not deem probable; its interest is fiction that it is a pity he does not take greater too special for that, and its direct appeal is made pains with his work. The two stories which he has to the audience that is never a large one in any age. recently published are in a way exasperating, be- The gospel of easy comfortable acceptance of what- cause, good as they are, they might have been very ever ideas are held by those around us, the gospel much better. The reckless fashion of slinging his which is content to exalt for worship the idols of materials together, and relying upon his vigor and our own particular tribe or forum is more wide- poetic exuberance for an effect, seems to be grow- spread in its influence than the gospel of those rare ing upon this brilliant writer. Such slapdasb and strenuous spirits to whom Mr. Allen's hero be- methods of composition as are exemplified in “The longs. To such lives there always attaches the Cambric Mask” and “ The Conspirators” betoken pathos of loneliness, of the sympathy that yearns a sad neglect of the writer's opportunities, and for a response but does not find it, and this aspect make the reader extremely impatient. Both the of the struggle is presented with deep poignancy by stories are interesting, as a matter of course - Mr. Mr. Allen. The scene of the story is laid in Ken- Chambers always contrives to be that but neither tucky, in the sixties, and it is described as “ A Tale of them gives us the satisfaction that we get from of the Kentucky Hemp Fields.” This must be men- reasonably finished work. “ The Cambric Mask " tioned, because the processes connected with the is a story of rural New York, and derives its inter- cultivation of hemp play an important part in the est from the attempt of a gang of whitecaps to narrative. The landscape is colored by the vivid intimidate and drive away from the region a gen- green of the hemp, its fragrance fills the air, and tleman who has come thither for the innocent pur- the soul of the hero is strong as with the strength pose of entomological research. His entomology of its fibre. In fact, hemp plays the part of a is not the cause of offense, but the fact that the Leitmotiv, if there be such a thing in fiction, land which he occupies has suddenly acquired great throughout the book, and, if the symbolism of its commercial value, and the other fact that he takes use appears somewhat labored in the earlier chap- a too obvious interest in the impossible village ters, the writer in the end compels us to accept it beauty who figures as the heroine. When aroused as an essential part of his artistic scheme. We to a sense of the dangers that threaten him, the fancy that we do not err in ascribing to Mr. Allen hero turns out to be anything but the peaceable himself that "Song of the Hemp” which is intro- naturalist for whom he is taken. Being an old duced near the end, and credited to “A minor West Pointer, his fighting instincts are aroused, his Kentucky writer.” It is an exquisite piece of strategy proves equal to his courage, and he routs verse, and we must find room for one of the four his enemies in the most approved melodramatic stanzas. fashion. Incidentally, he wins the impossible hero- “Oh, dim, dim autumn days of sobbing rain ine, after her drunken, and in another sense impos- When on the fields the ripened hemp is spread sible, father has been conveniently disposed of, And woods are brown. No land, no land like this for mortal pain and the romance ends in the conventional way. When Love stands weeping by the sweet, sweet bed “ The Conspirators" takes us to a very different For Love cut down." field of action. The scene is the Grand Duchy of Mr. Allen is half a poet even in his prose, and Luxembourg, and the period some imagined future the transition to and from these verses is accom- time when the German Emperor is upon the point plished without a jar. It is by his poetic charm of annexing the territory that seems to lie defense- that he has won our hearts, by that, and by his in- less within his grasp. His plans are thwarted, tense realization of some of our deepest moods, of partly by the unexpected vigor with which Holland some of our most spiritual aspirations. opposes the scheme, and partly by the fact that the It is difficult to say anything in praise of “An United States, in its new character as a world Angel of Clay." Mr. Partridge is an excellent power, takes a hand in the affair. The hero is an sculptor, but a poor writer of fiction. He has no exaggerated young American, having a diplomatic control whatever over his medium, and words re- appointment in the Duchy, and getting into all sorts fuse to do his artistic bidding. He has produced a of scrapes and entanglements. There are really series of the veriest lay figures in this novel; all of two heroines, one of them being the fictitious and them use the same stiff and unnatural forms of picquant countess whom the hero sets himself to speech, and not one of them has a spark of vitality. I win, the other being no less a personage than the 1900.) 23 THE DIAL a own. manner. actual Queen of Holland, for the audacity of the narrative; with Miss Murfree, on the other hand, writer goes so far as to make him invent a romantic they are invested with a life and meaning of their attachment between the fair Wilhelmina and a prince of the German Empire. The book gives us “Mary Paget," by Miss Minna Caroline Smith, a really charming picture of Luxembourg, both the is a slight and amateurish romance of Bermuda in drowsy capital and its wild surroundings, and the days when Englishmen first settled in the Sum- nature, as viewed by the poetic imagination of the mer Islands, and when the tales of returning mar- writer, counts for no small part of the interest of iners fired the imagination of Shakespeare, and the story. became transmuted into the “ rich and strange” The extent to which women are of late taking poetry of “ The Tempest.” Miss Smith is auda- possession of the field of historical fiction must cious enough to introduce the poet himself into her seem somewhat alarming to writers of the sterner story, the scene of which remains in England until sex. That women should vie with them in the de- we are half way through the book. Her romance lineation of sentiment and passion seems natural is in no way forceful, but it is written in a pleasing enough, but that women should also seek to vie with manner, and it seems to be based upon a careful them in tales of battle and adventure seems at first study of the pertinent historical materials. sight an unwarrantable intrusion upon the natural It is with modern rather than with colonial Vir- prerogative of man. But the fact must be faced ginia that “The Voice of the People," by Miss that women are taking more and more to the work Ellen Glasgow, is concerned. This is Miss Glas- of historical romance, and that some of them, at gow's third novel, and it is thus far distinctly her least, are doing the work in a highly successful best. Beginning with a charming description of It is a little late to be speaking about an old Virginian town, which has been left side- “ To Have and to Hold,” Miss Mary Johnston's tracked in the march of modern civilization, and is second novel, for the work attracted widespread none the less interesting for that, we are at once attention when its first chapters appeared serially introduced to the hero, an unprepossessing child of a a year ago, and the completed book has been in the humble parentage, who has the intellectual instinct, hands of readers for a number of weeks. But the and who is determined to raise himself above the book is 80 exceptionally good, and its great popular level of his surroundings. The book is essentially success so well deserved, that in giving it a few the story of this child's career, as he painfully ac- words of belated praise we have no fear of being taken quires an education, becomes a successful lawyer, to task for recalling attention to a forgotten book. enters politics, and is chosen Governor of the Com- Like Miss Johnston's “ Prisoners of Hope,” the monwealth. He illustrates that type of American new romance is a tale of colonial Virginia, and manhood of which Lincoln is the great historical interest is divided between the natural conditions exemplar, and of which Mr. Ford's Peter Stirling of life in the colony and its relations with the is a striking example in fiction, the type of sturdy mother country. Miss Johnston has a pretty inven- honesty and downright manliness which our country tion and an even prettier style. Exciting adventures is still capable of illustrating from time to time, and and hairbreadth escapes follow one another in be- without which our prospects would indeed be hope wildering succession, and the attention is ever alert. less. There are numerous minor characters in this Crafty Indians and picturesque villains share the book, carefully studied and agreeably diversified, interest of the story with hero and heroine. There who add materially to the interest, but the figure is even a pirate crew, a shipwreck, and a desert of Nicholas Burr rises predominant above them all, island. Of hero and heroine we may say that both and it is with his personal fortunes that we have are of the type dear to romantic souls ; the one is chiefly to do. In the end, the story rises to the strong, resourceful, and courageous, the other is height of tragedy, and the hero, now Governor of alternately haughty and tender, and always ador- the State, sacrifices his life in defending the honor ably feminine. Over the whole romance there is of the Commonwealth. A negro has been guilty of a slight cast of melodrama, and there is dis- a nameless crime, and a lynching party has been played a little less of originality than in the story organized. The governor comes unexpectedly upon which first attracted readers to Miss Jobnston. In the scene of action, opposes the lawless fury of the both books her knowledge of Indian ways is re- mob, and, before he has been recognized, is mor- markable, and her understanding of Indian charac- tally wounded by a shot. “ And he died for a ter has a degree of subtlety which even surpasses damned brute,” is the comment of a bystander wbat we find in Cooper. And in both books the when the sobered mob learns what it has done. reader will linger longest over the many lovely But even in the most brutish of that mob there pages which describe the Virginian wilds, the hills, must have been some dim recognition, in the lesson the rivers, and the solemn solitudes of the forest. thus sharply brought home to them, of the shame of In this aspect of her work, Miss Johnston is almost their assault upon the majesty of law, and of the comparable with Miss Murfree, but fails to attain noble cause for which their victim had given his life. to quite the spiritual elevation of that writer in her Shocking as was the murder, it was less shocking contemplation of nature. With Miss Johnston, the and less permanently demoralizing than the success natural surroundings are always accessories of the of their lawless undertaking would have been. In u > 24 [July 1, THE DIAL describing this scene, the author rises to the true feeling that the book is much more than a story, dignity of the situation, and leaves a deep impres- that it belongs to a high and rare order of litera- sion upon the minds of her readers. We have to ture. thank her for a ong book, and for a message of Miss M. Imlay Taylor is the author of a growing practical idealism which cannot be weighed too series of historical novels in which, whether she seriously. takes for her subject imperial Russia or revolution- An interesting subject and honest workmanship ary America, the England of Thomas Cromwell or combined are sufficient to make a good book, if not the France of Cardinal Richelieu, she succeeds in exactly a strong one. This is what we are offered combining entertainment with a reasonable modicum by Miss Caroline Brown's “ Knights in Fustian,” a of instruction. Her manner is facile, she has an story of Indiana in the time of the Civil War. The instinct for effective points, and she constructs a secret organization of the Knights of the Golden plot with no little skill. Her latest novels are “ The Circle forms the theme of this very readable story, House of the Wizard” and “The Cardinal's Mus. which is based upon a careful study of the ramifi- keteer.” The former deals with the court of Henry cations of their conspiracy, and of the thwarting of VIII., and introduces the luckless figure of Anne their plans by the firmness and vigilance of the Boleyn and the sinister figure of the Lord Privy great War Governor of the State. Although Gov. Seal. It is a pretty romance, provided with a courtly ernor Morton does not figure largely in person, he is, hero and a pert heroine of the customary types. in a sense, the real hero of this book, which is essen- In “ The Cardinal's Musketeer,” Miss Taylor has tially a tribute to his masterful management of the chosen an overworked historical period, and has difficulty occasioned by the treasonable conspiracy contrived to tell a story of considerable sustained in question. The writer truthfully says that “we interest and a certain delicate charm. The con- of a later generation can hardly credit the extent of spiracy of Cinq Mars is the indirect subject of the the organization, and the heinousness of its aims, narrative, although that luckless personage is kept which included crime and the disruption of the in the background. The great Cardinal appears, Union." As a description of this interesting epi- however, upon several occasions, but he is too evi- sode in the history of the war the book is distinctly dently a lay figure to be impressive. The musketeer- successful, and to the interest of this theme private hero is no dashing Gascon of the Artagnan type, interests are subordinated, although the story itself but simply a gentleman who performs his part cred- is not without a certain amount of action and of itably, and proves equal to a number of difficult skilful characterization. situations. His devotion wins the customary re- Readers of “The New Antigone” and “ The ward, and there is the usual sentimental and happy Two Standards," having discovered that a Catholic ending priest may be as good a novelist as anybody else, Mr. William J. Locke is a novelist whose stories will turn to “ Arden Massiter,” Dr. Barry's third are always welcome. Their workmanship is neat, work of fiction, with something like enthusiastic and they agreeably portray modern English society anticipation. Nor will they be disappointed, for in its superficial aspects, occasionally also striking the new novel is the best of the three, one of the some deep chord of human feeling. In “ The best novels, in fact, that have appeared for many a White Dove" we have a story of strictly private day. It is not such a novel of tendency as its pre- interest, concerned with two or three peculiarly decessors were; it is rather a brilliant picture of life strong and lovable characters, and with some others in modern Italy, dramatic in manner rather than whose wickedness provides the necessary foil. It reflective, straightforward rather than discursive, is a story of the shadow of past sins falling upon and intensely interesting from first to last. The young lives and well-nigh marring them forever. variety of its interest is such as to appeal to many It has the defect of a somewhat exaggerated senti- tastes. Those who ask for nothing more than a mentalism, and a stern moralist might object to the story will find one of the most thrilling sort, a story leniency with which the offenders are dismissed. of subterranean Italy, with its brigands, anarchists, “O white dove of the pity divine " is the motto and Camorristi, a story of adventure and intrigue, upon the title page, and serves to explain the name , a story of conspiracies and abductions and romantic given to the book. “ Pardon's the word for all ” passions. Those who ask more of a book than this might have been added as a supplementary motto, will find their account likewise. They will find for the spirit of forgiveness hovers over the closing vivid and artistic delineations of character, im- pages, and even the villain is made to share in the pressive dramatic situations, that sense of the his- writer's largess. Mr. Locke's style is for the most torical past which is a product of the ripest culture, part direct and simple, but glows at times with a and that insight into contemporaneous conditions poetic touch, and leaves a pleasant impression. which betokens close and intelligent observation. In writing “ The Bath Comedy,” Mr. and Mrs. And all these things find expression in a style so Castle have again collaborated, as they did in “ The admirable, so distinctly the writer's own, so terse Pride of Jennico." The result is one of the most and direct when occasion requires, so measured and delicious pieces of light literature which it has often poetical when opportunity permits, that interest in been our good fortune to read. It is a story of the mere story is everywhere accompanied by the Bath in the latter half of the eighteenth century, à and 1900.) 25 THE DIAL Primitive love and love-stories. - - the year not too precisely defined. “ A sufficient reason for reticence in the matter of exact date will BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS. be found in the unfortunate predicament of the then We believe few persons will ever Bishop of Bath and Wells ; undoubtedly a most read through Mr. H. T. Finck's mortifying episode in the life of an invariably dig- nified Divine.” As there were several Bishops of ponderous volume of “Primitive Love and Love Stories" (Scribner). Not that the Bath and Wells during the period concerned, no cause for scandal is given. This episode, amusing uninteresting; but it is dreary work to plod through author's style is unattractive, or his subject in itself as it is, figures as only one of a long series packed eight hundred pages of ugly print, for what might into the few days which the story covers. As inci- have been better said in two hundred. Mr. Finck's dent follows upon incident, each touched with the contention is that the ancients, and the modern men very spirit of comedy, the delight of the reader who in savage life keep up ancient conditions, did grows apace, and he feels that he would gladly re- not and do not experience the passion of romantic main in such company for an indefinite period. love. In other words, romantic love is of recent The artful minx who provides the story with all its complication is so fascinating a study in femininity development and is found only in the upper stage of culture - civilization. The author begins with that we cannot feel very harshly toward her, an analysis of the emotion, in which he finds just although a severe moralist would find her conduct fourteen ingredients — no more, no less. These highly reprehensible. The book offers so many surprising developments, and is so bubbling with ingredients are conveniently and neatly divided into mirth, that we are reluctant to think that we shall two groups, of just seven each. There are seven egoistic ingredients — individual preference, monop- know the heroine no longer. As far as the story has a serious side, it is to be found in the note of olism, jealousy, coyness, hyperbole, mixed moods, passion that occasionally makes itself heard, and in and pride; there are seven altruistic ingredients — the faithful study which it presents of the language tion, purity, admiration of personal beauty. The sympathy, affection, gallantry, self-sacrifice, adora- and manners of English fashionable life over a hundred years ago ancients, savages, barbarians, even the Orientals, may have sensual love with the seven egoistic ingre- Mr. Weyman, in the search for material fit for dients; but only modern civilized white men have his purposes as a novelist, seems to have abandoned real romantic love, with the lately developed seven Continental themes for good, and to have settled altruistic ingredients. And, alas, but few modern upon the English historical past as the best field for civilized white men bave experienced this supreme the display of his ingenuity. This material is less emotion. Such is Mr. Finck's theme, drawn out romantic than the other, but he is more intimately through eight hundred pages, illogical , repetitious, acquainted with it, and his later novels upon En- tiresome. He assumes that anthropologists gener- glish themes have more reality than his earlier novels ally assert that all human beings have fully devel. apon French ones. The habit of the romancer still oped love of the romantic type, and always have clings to him, and his invention is as fresh as ever, but it is impossible to claim for the period in which had. He then proceeds to demonstrate their errors. Probably few anthropologists would now, or ever, he has elected to work of late the same sort and degree of interest afforded by the period of his first deny Mr. Finck's fundamental thought, that love is a growth and a development. In demonstrating his books. With the best will in the world, one cannot find the England of the later Stuarts as satisfactory claim, Mr. Finck follows highly unsatisfactory methods. Starting by asserting the absolute un- a subject for romantic exploration as the France of trustworthiness of certain authors, he quotes them in Henry IV. and of Richelieu. Mr. Weyman's latest his own support wben it suits him. Passages are story is entitled " Sophia,” and is a tale of the years quoted in support of his contention at one point, of Queen Anne. The interest is strictly social and which are absolutely opposed to conclusions which private, political history having little to do with the he draws elsewhere. Insisting on literal accuracy occurrences described. The heroine is a wayward as the part of all others, he himself is careless in young woman, sought for her fortune by a villainous Irish adventurer, and saved from his persecution by reference and statement. Thus, he quotes Charles A. Leland and Lewis A. Morgan, and refers (un- an English gentleman of mature years, whose grave kindly) in a footnote to J. S. Wood: these names sincerity she at first despises, but who in the end wins her affection. The story has much variety of are all wrong. He states that Lewis H. Morgan both incident and character, and leads through one lived many years among the Iroquois, and that he knew more about the Iroquois than anyone else : desperate adventure after another to a conclusion both false statements. Usually these would be small that is satisfactory to everybody who deserves to be matters to criticize, but they become glaring blun- Batisfied. The plot is of a nature to strain the ders considering Mr. Finck's merciless demands probabilities, and there is a melodramatic accumu. lation of horrors, but the narrative is at least saved upon others. Mr. Finck waxes sarcastic at the ex- from prolixity, and holds the interest of the reader pense of the barbarians whose “ love” but shortly outlasts the loss or death of the loved woman; he upabated. WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. is ever severe with people who “ love more than > " 26 (July 1, THE DIAL ៩ The earth as The story as a nation. a one at a time. Plainly, consistency demands that while the sun shines, older war-correspondents, who he considers romantic love as single and life-long. can tell of past wars now fading into relatively an- How surprising, then, that he insists upon telling cient history, are bestirring themselves and raking us more than once that he has been (romantically) over the embers of memory for matters of old expe- in love several times. Mr. Finck has been an indus- rience still worth recounting. A writer of this sort, trious reader, and has really gathered a great mass and one with a turn for the picturesque, the senti- of material. Had he been scientific in method, and mental, and the melodramatic, is Mr. Irving constructive instead of bitterly and partisanly de- Montague, for many years war artist and corre- structive, he might have rendered a real service to spondent of the “ Illustrated London News." Mr. science and made a more interesting book, which Montague now issues a readable little book of should attempt to trace the growth and development sketches (most of them with the short-story flavor) ) of the love sentiment from its low savage beginnings drawn from his recollections of the Franco-German up to its most beautiful culmination. We regret and Russo-Turkish wars, the Spanish civil ware, and that he has missed such an opportunity. the days of the Paris Commune, and collectively entitled " Things I Have Seen in War” (Wessels). War is just now the all-absorbing Some of the titles are: “An Encounter with Kurds," topic, and rumors of wars to come fill a batlle-field. “ Rescued by the Red Cross," " Round About the the air — a sorry sequel to the Czar's Redoubts, Plevna,” “Osman's Last Stand,” “A Peace Congress, that promised so much and would Harem En Déshabillé,” “Woman's Influence at the seem to have achieved so little either in the sphere Front," etc. The sketches are sufficiently spirited, of events or in the public mind. South Africa is lit and there are sixteen illustrations by the author. with battle-flames in a contest 80 savage that the losses on one side must soon equal the total forces of To write a history of China appro- the other; our own country is engaged in the bloody of China priate for the “ Stories of the Na- subjugation of far distant islands in the ironically- tions " series (Putnam) would seem named Pacific; France has a new score to settle with a difficult task in condensation and elimination. Perfidious Albion, and boasts ominously that she was Yet Mr. Robert K. Douglas bas accomplished this “ never before so strong as now"; relations between feat in a surprisingly entertaining fashion, for he Russia and Japan are in a state of most dangerously has so combined interesting incidents with the unstable equilibrium ; a great conflagration seems names of men and places absolutely unfamiliar to imminent in China; German interests are growing American ears as to enlighten the reader and hold apace in revolution-ridden South America ; and his attention. Probably the English reader, by Senator Lodge is well to the fore at Washington. reason of greater familiarity with Chinese politics That war has suddenly developed a new horror, in and history, will find less to interest him in this the battle-songs of Mr. Alfred Austen, gives no work than will the American; but for the latter pause to the belligerent humor of the times. In the author has rendered a real service in his delin. Anglo-Saxondom, the voice of the man of peace is eation of Chinese government and diplomacy, and drowned by the strident clamor of Kipling and his more than all in his characterization of Chinese kind. To adapt the famous phrase of Abbé Sieyès methods of thought and feeling. The history of in the Reign of Terror, of what avail is the glass of China can by no possibility be condensed satisfac- wine of moderate civilized men like Mr. John Morley torily into such small compass. The author him- amid such a torrent of brandy ? Man, after all, self has recognized this, and has wisely chosen to appears to be, as Palmerston cynically said, by na- confine himself to stating the main points of his tare “a fighting and quarrelling animal," and must story in such order as to preserve the historical se- have his fill of battle and slaughter regularly every quence, while national Chinese characteristics, as three or four decades. Never at any previous pe- exemplified when in contact with various foreign riod of the world's history has that senseless, savage civilizations, are dwelt upon in some detail. The thing, race hatred, been so rife and so actively dis- most positive impression received is that of the seminated. Books reflecting the turn of the popular intense pride and sense of superiority with which mind, all sorts and conditions of war-books, thrive the Chinese authorities regard all ideas and customs and multiply. Some of them, by gilding and glori- foreign to their own conception of life. This is not , fying war, pour oil on the flame, and actively for- merely an intolerance of Western ideas, but an ab- ther the work of Satan's agents in the newspapers ; solute contempt for them, as manifestations of an others, of a more truthful and literal sort, by paint- inferior civilization,- a contempt based upon the ing honestly the true face of war, with its squalor, belief that the nations of the earth are glad to do ugliness, and infernal horror and brutality, make homage to the government of China, and that for peace, and render service to God and man. China's intellectual development surpasses that of But reports of slaughter the world must have, now all other countries. This point of view seems, and that the business is going on so briskly and with really is, incomprehensible to the citizen of a mod. such promise of increase in the near future ; and ern nation; for, well as he thinks he understands the war-correspondent is having his day. Not to be the Chinese mind, he cannot realize the Chinese altogether out of it, in the matter of making hay indifference to governmental corruption, lethargy, 1900.] 27 THE DIAL and incapability. The inability of peoples of di- selves with wars of exploitation and conquest in the verse methods of thought to understand each other Philippines, or South Africa, or the province of is here, as always, a cause of frequent trouble, and Tientsin, as the case may be. At least there was after recounting diplomatic attempts toward the no shadowy pretence of philanthropy or civilization reasonable settlement of various disputes Mr. a century ago, and wars of conquest were wars, not Douglas emphatically asserts that the only success- benevolences. We learn from Mr. Brooks that on ful method of dealing with China, for a country at November 24, 1899, “Aguinaldo's Philippine re- variance with that power, is to reach a conclusion volt [was] overthrown,” a pleasant bit of news based on just, not selfish, principles, and then to which we are puzzled to account for either as be- use force if necessary in putting that conclusion lated or prophetic. His closing lines inform us that into effect. Just now, when the “ open door” in the Nineteenth Century “steps grandly in the ad- China is being so constantly exploited, it is a little vance as the flower and pride of all the centuries surprising that the author should fail to enlarge since Christ came to Bethlehem, and taught men upon the merits or demerits of that policy, or fail that Golden Rule which, after nineteen hundred to assume the prophetic tone. Happily, however, years of slow and sullen schooling, is to become the he has confined himself to history, and his work motive and creator of the great things which the closes with a brief account of the war with Japan. new century holds in store for man." The book has many illustrations, excellent in them. "A lovelier faith their happier crown; selves, but having no particular connection with But history laughs and weeps it down," the text. sings Mr. William Watson; and while we cannot “ Breezy” is doubtless the review- but envy Mr. Brooks the robustness of his ethical " Catering to the sky-line." er's inevitable word for Lilian Bell's digestion, we cannot agree that he is doing his little volume of impressions of for- readers a service in twisting the facts of recent eign lands, entitled “ As Seen by Me” (Harper), years to a support for the Golden Rule as distin- and the “ breeziness” sometimes reaches the ty- guished from the rule of gold. The American phonic pitch. In the course of her perigrinations seems to be getting possessed of the thought that abroad, the author visited London, Paris, Moscow, the way to remedy national faults is to turn away Rome, Cairo, Constantinople, Athens, etc., and her the head lest they be seen. account of how the effete Old World impressed her Given an interest in science, it would is at least refreshingly candid. For the rest, the The progress of be difficult to imagine a more at- quality of the book may be indicated by the follow- tractive book than “Flame, Elec- ing passage from it, which is prompted by Miss Bell's mortification at the relatively sober dress tricity, and the Camera” (Doubleday & McClure worn by our official representatives abroad : « Jef. Company). And if the reader brings to the book no fersonian simplicity! How I despise it! Thomas prepossessions in favor of scientific knowledge, it is Jefferson, I believe, was the first populist. We had almost impossible to conceive of his carrying away had gentlemen for Presidents before him, but he none with him after reading it. The salient feature was the first one who rooted for votes with the of the work is the description of applied science from the first time when man was able to command common by catering to the gutter instead of to the skyline, and the tail end of his policy is to be seen fire as a servant down to the present era of varied . in the mortifying appearance of our highest offi- wonders, each more amazing than the last. Those cials and representatives. Hinc illæ lachrymæ ! who were born in time to have their daguerreotypes ... I have worked myself into such a towering taken (and Mr. Iles reminds us that Miss Draper, rage over this subject that there is no getting down whose face was the first to be portrayed by the com- to earth gracefully or gradually. I have not pol, have a certain advantage over their juniors in this bined use of sunlight and chemicals, is still living) ished off the matter by any manner of means. I have only just started in, but a row of stars will very feeling of wonder; not being born to it after cool me off.” (A row of cooling asterisks follows). ' the manner of the younger generation, successive discoveries are not taken as matters of course Miss Bell's giddy little book is not without a cer. tain cleverness, but cannot in candor be said to indeed, there be those of us to whom the telephone “cater to the skyline.” is not quite real, and the phonograph uncanny. But to all, young or old, this book must make its The 19th century We like the beginning of Mr. El appeal. Albeit science has lent much of its best as we might bridge S. Brooks's “Story of the effort to the horrible art of destruction known as wish it to be. Nineteenth Century" (Lothrop) war, it affords the best argument for peace, if only better than its close. He wrote too soon for the that our civilization may live long enough to avail crowning enormity of European aggression in China, itself of the countless benefits of which nothing but he went far enough to have been able to draw a but savage and barbarous greed can now deprive striking analogy between the glories of the French In addition to all that appears on the surface Revolution going out in Napoleonic imperialism, of Mr. Iles's work, there is a pervasive argument and the glories of the latter-day Democracy which which proves that every new step forward in the he lauds so highly dimming and degrading them- way of increased resources reacts and interacts modern science. us. 28 (July 1, THE DIAL upon the whole body of science in granting another such as he, would ordinarily display. By cleverly point of view, and so fairly forcing still another reversing the process just noted, the author easily step by which the process is to be repeated. proves the plays to contain such a knowledge of stage-craft and play-acting as Bacon could not have Persons who are fastidious about A cyclopaedia of acquired without a complete overthrow of the facts correspondence their stationery, and especially those and heraldry. who affect heraldic blazonry thereon, actor-manager could have known this; Bacon was in his biography, saying in effect, “No one but an will do well to consult Mr. F. Schuyler Mathews's not an actor-manager; ergo, Shakespeare wrote it.” pretty and carefully prepared little manual entitled The book evinces careful and intelligent reading, “The Writing Table of the Twentieth Century” and is evidently a work of love - a typical work, in (Brentano's). The book forms an elementary ac- fact, for a highly cultured lawyer to take up by way count of heraldry (especially designed for the needs of avocation. of American readers), art, engraving, and the estab- “It sufficeth to know," quoth Mon- lished forms for correspondence, and contains over Palmistry, pith modern taigne, “ that Mars his place lodgeth three hundred illustrations by the author, which adaptations. in the middle of the hands triangle ; include the armorial bearings and devices of over five hundred Colonial American families. Those that of Venus in the Thumme; and Mercuries in who choose to decorate their note-paper, etc., with the little finger; And when a womans naturall line these old-world symbolic insignia should remember is open, and closes not at angle with the vital, it evidently denotes that she will not be very chast.” that nothing is more vulgar and ludicrous in the eyes of the initiated than solecisms and improprieties in the But it means nothing of the sort in “ The Practice of Palmistry for Professional Purposes and Scien- use of them. The question whether or no the use of tific Students” (Laird & Lee), for the compiler, them at all in democratic America be a solecism we M. le Comte C. de Saint-Germain, graduate of the do not care to discuss just now. But, at all events, if they are to be used they should be used correctly University of France in both letters and law though and with strict regard to prescribed heraldic form, suited his ancient art to the exigencies of Anglo- he be, has no fortunes of that sort to evolve, having and only by those whose clear and demonstrable Saxon conventions. His work is most inclusive, hereditary right it is to do 80. A “ bogus” coat-of- arms means a “bogus” man; and there is surely no even to the point of containing a plate from Fer- rier's great work on brain functions in the earlier more pitiful spectacle of the kind in the world than an American thus fraudulently posing as a scion of part, and another from somebody's phrenology in the later. It contains 1,254 original illustrations the feudal aristocracy of Europe — adding, as it besides, and is certainly set forth in sufficient detail were, the guilt of apostasy to the meanness of petty larceny. After a general introduction discussing ventional for modern discussion. That it fills a to tell any sort of fortune wbich is not too uncon- a pro and con the propriety of bearing a coat-of-arms public want cannot be doubted, for it would appear in America, Mr. Mathews proceeds to treat in detail of the principles and insignia of heraldry, of that America is perfectly capable of suiting its popular science to its popular politics, discussing visiting cards, cards of invitation, wedding invita- tions and announcements, bookplates, monograms, astrology and protection, palmistry and imperial- dies, seals, etc., and, lastly, of writing papers. The ism, with an intense sobriety which volumes augurs for the strenuous life. book is tastefully illustrated, and should form a As Montaigne remarks in helpful and graceful adjunct to the home writing longer his tail appears." another place, “the higher the ape climbs, the table. Without conceding that the Bacon- A lawyer's The plaint of The unpretentious little book by Mr. ian theory of the authorship of the a disquieted Austin Miles entitled “ About My Bacon-Shakespeare. Shakespearean dramas bas ever at- Christian. Father's Business” (The Mersbon tained the importance which warrants much serious Company) is the story of a preacher who made a discussion, it is pleasant to observe that Mr. Charles desperate attempt to serve God and Mammon, and Allen bas written an interesting book in his “Notes has in it much about a strike and the aspirations of on the Bacon-Shakespeare Question ” (Houghton). the laboring classes. Artless to the last degree in Himself a lawyer, the author performs a service in any literary sense, the very naïveté of the narrative clearing away the doubts which former legal com- tempts the reader on and on, until the conclusion — mentators have raised in respect of Shakespeare's quite as artless as the rest — is reached. And when legal attainments - not, indeed, by denying them, reached it will be apparent that the author is very but rather by extolling them to a point where the much in earnest, and takes to heart the thought that uninstructed could point the finger and say, “No there is so little place made for the poor in churches one but a lawyer could have known this; Shake- which are preparing a way for the rich without the speare was not a lawyer; ergo, Bacon wrote it.” use of the needle's eye. Many earnest men have Mr. Allen show8, quite conclusively, that the poet observed with sadness the difference between the was as often wrong as right in his use of legal Christian life set forth in the New Testament and terms and ideas, and that he nowhere displays the one led by professing Christians in the modern more knowledge of the law than a man of property, commercial world: the difference appears radical in notes on > - 1900.] 29 THE DIAL " a Mr. Miles's book, where simple and undoubting NOTES. faith plays an alluring and noble part. To a cer- tain extent, “ About My Father's Business" will be The “Captivi” of Plautus, edited by Mr. G. E. called disquieting. Barber, is a college text published by Messrs. B. H. Sanborn & Co. A barren Daniel Folkmar's Leçons d'Anthro- The “World's Congress Addresses” of Mr. Charles philosophy of pologie philosophique (Paris: Schlei- Carroll Bonney are issued by the Open Court Publish- Anthropology. cher Freres) is incoherent in matter, ing Co. as a number of “The Religion of Science Li- and in treatment slipsbod. The author claims that in brary." it “ Ethics is reduced to a scientific prevision "; he The “ Haworth” edition of the Brontë sisters (Har- attempts “ to show that positivism, determinism, and per) is now rounded out by the publication of Mrs. even materialism, furnish a sufficient basis for an Gaskell's “Life of Charlotte Brontë,” with an editorial adequate system of morals.” He endeavors to syn- introduction by Mr. Clement K. Shorter. thesize the results of contributory sciences, and to The amusing “Georgie " stories, contributed by Mr. indicate new and important work for the specialists S. E. Kiser to the columns of the Chicago “ Times- to do in their respective fields. He has clearly not Herald " during the last few months, are now issued in book-form by Messrs. Small, Maynard & Co. digested the results of work in any of these “con- “ The Great Stone of Sardis” and “The Girl at tributory sciences," and often betrays painful igno- Cobhurst” are the latest additions to the new library rance of their most simple materials. Always edition of Mr. F. R. Stockton's writings, now being promising to go more profoundly, in another chap- published by Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons. ter, into subjects lightly touched in his treatment, “ Bride Roses” and “Room Forty-five,” by Mr. be never really develops any thought. We have W. D. Howells, are two additions to the author's series rarely to deal with a book so uninteresting, indefi- of farces. Each of them makes a neat booklet with nite, and barren. the imprint of Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. One of the most attractive school editions of Scott's “ Ivanhoe” is that lately issued by Messrs. D. C. Heath & Co. The volume is edited by Mr. Porter L. Mc- BRIEFER MENTION. Clintock, and contains several illustrations by Mr. C. E. Brock. The J. B. Lippincott Co. publish « The Cuban- Carlyle's “ French Revolution" makes two volumes American Tratado Analitico y Clave de Vocalizacion y in the new “ Library of English Classics," now in course Pronunciacion del Idioma Inglés,” by Señor Lorenzo A. Ruiz. It is essentially a word-book classified under of publication by the Messrs. Macmillan. Mr. A. W. Pollard is the editor of these, as of the other volumes the several vowels of the English language — that is, of the series. under each vowel there is given an alphabetical arrange- ment, extending to several pages, of the words which The “Iliad" of Messrs. Lang, Leaf, and Myers, and contain that vowel, and their equivalents in Spanish. the “ Odyssey” of Messrs. Butcher and Lang, both in This expedient seems to us of doubtful value, as it re- English prose, as we hardly need to state, are repub- quires the student to look up a word, not by the initial lished by the Macmillan Co. in inexpensive new editions for the use of students. letter, but by the principal vowel. It is only fair to add, however, that the work is intended for a lesson-book “The History of Language," by Mr. Henry Sweet, rather than for a dictionary. and “ A History of South Africa,” by Mr. W. Basil “ The International Year Book " for 1899, edited by Worsfold, are two “ Temple Primers,” in addition to Professor Frank Moore Colby, is published by Messrs. those of which we recently acknowledged the receipt. Dodd, Mead & Co. This is the second annual publi- The Macmillan Co. are the publishers. cation of the work, a fact which seems to argue that A new edition, in one volume, of the “Life, Diary, the volume of last year proved successful. There are and Letters of Edward Thring” by Mr. George R. nearly nine hundred pages and many illustrations, the Parkin, is published by the Macmillan Co. With the latter including a dozen or more well-executed maps. exception of a few minor omissions the text of this The articles are not signed, but the names of the chief cheaper edition is identical with that of the two-volume contributors are published. As a work of reference for work issued some time ago. subjects of contemporaneous interest, this year book is The “Browning Study Programmes ” arranged by invaluable for such persons as editors and teachers, as Miss Charlotte Porter and Miss Helen A. Clarke, are well as for readers of all sorts who wish to keep well- published by Messrs. T. Y. Crowell & Co. in two edi- informed. tions. One fills a single sabstantial volume; the other Miss Carla Wenckebach has condensed the colossal occupies two smaller ones, uniform with the favorite historical romance, “ Ein Kampf um Rom,” by Herr “Camberwell ” edition of the poet. Felix Dahn, into a small volume for school use. Other First in the field among books descriptive of the great German texts are “ Aus Meinem Königreich," tales by exhibition now in progress at Paris is Messrs. Laird & “Carmen Sylva," edited by Dr. Wilhelm Bernhardt; Lee's “ Paris and the Exposition of 1900.” The volume Keller's “Romeo und Julia auf dem Dorfe," edited by consists of nearly two hundred half-tone plates, illus- Dr. W. A. Adams; and Zschokke's “ Das Wirtshaus zu trating the principal buildings and points of interest on Cransac,” edited by Professor E. S. Joynes. A recent the Exposition grounds, characteristic scenes in the French text is Gautier's “Jettatura," edited by Dr. A. streets and parks of Paris, etc., the whole forming a Schinz. All these books are published by Messrs. D. C. collection of interest. The necessary amount of de- Heath & Co. scriptive text is supplied by Mr. Max Maury. » " " & " a 9 " 30 (July 1, THE DIAL ONE HUNDRED BOOKS FOR SUMMER READING. A SELECT LIST OF SOME RECENT PUBLICATIONS. [Fuller descriptions of the following books, of the sort popularly known as “Summer reading," may be found in the advertising pages of this number or of recent numbers of THE DIAL.] FICTION Allen, Grant. Hilda Wade. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50. Allen, James Lane. The Reign of Law. Macmillan Co. $1.50. Altsheler, J. A. In Circling Camps. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50. Atherton, Gertrude. Senator North. John Lane. $1.50. Balfour, Andrew. Vengeance Is Mine. New Amsterdam Book Co. $1.50. Barry, William. Arden Massiter. Century Co. $1.50. Barton, William E. Pine Knot. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50. Baskett, James Newton. As the Light Led. Macmillan Co. $1.50. Bates, Arlo. Love in a Cloud. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50. Benson, E. F. 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Gorham. $1. Haggard, H. Rider. Elissa. Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.25. Harland, Henry. The Cardinal's Snuff Box. John Lane. $1,50. Harte, Bret. From Sand Hill to Pine. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.25. Hayes, Frederick W. A Kent Squire. F. M. Lupton Pub- lishing Co. $1.50. Hongh, E. The Girl at the Halfway House. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50. Howard, Blanche Willis. The Garden of Eden. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50. Jacobs, W. W. A Master of Craft. Frederick A. Stokes Co. $1.50. Jerome, Jerome K. Three Men on Wheels. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50. Johnston, Mary. To Have and to Hold. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50. Kinross, Albert. An Opera and Lady Grasmere. Frederick A. Stokes Co. $1.25. Kiser, S. E. Georgie. Small, Maynard & Co. $1. La Flesche, Frances. The Middle Five. Small, Maynard & Co. $1.25. Lloyd, Nelson. The Chronic Loafer. J. F. Taylor & Co. $1.25. London, Jack. The Son of the Wolf. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50. MacDonald, Ronald. The Sword of the King. Century Co. $1.50. Marsh, Richard. 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Tynan, Katharine. Oh, What a Plague is Lovei A. C. McClurg & Co. 75 cts. Valdés, A. Palacio. The Joy of Captain Ribot, Brentano's. $1.25. Vynne, Harold Richard. The Woman That's Good. Rand, McNally & Co. $1.50. Watson, H. B. Marriott. The Rebel. Harper & Brothers, $1.50. Webster, Henry Kitchell. The Banker and the Bear. Mac- millan Co. $1.50. Wells, David Dwight. His Lordship's Leopard. Henry Holt & Co. $1.50, Weyman, Stanley J. Sophia. Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.50. Wharton, Edith. The Touchstone. Charles Scribner's Song. $1.25. Winterburn, Florence Hull, Southern Hearts. F. M. Lupton Publishing Co. $1.25. Wilkins, Mary E. The Heart's Highway. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.50. Zola, Emile. Fruitfulness. Doubleday, Page & Co. $2. TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION. Caddick, Helen. A White Woman in Central Africa. Cassell & Co. $1.25. De Forest, Katharine. Paris as It Is. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.25 net. Hoyt, J. Colgate. Old Ocean's Ferry. Bonnell, Silver & Co. Jones, Mary Cadwalader. European Travel for Women, Macmillan Co. $1. a 1900.) 31 THE DIAL LIST OF NEW BOOKS. [The following list, containing 76 titles, includes books received by The DIAL since its last issue.] Le Gallienne, Richard. Travels in England. John Lane. $1.50. Paris, A Woman's. Small, Maynard & Co. $1.25. Scruggs, William L. The Colombian and Venezuelan Re- publics. Little, Brown, & Co. $2.50. Singleton, Esther. Paris Described by Great Writers. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50. BOOKS ON NATURE. Blanchan, Neltje. Nature's Garden. Doubleday, Page & Co. $3, net. Chapman, Frank M. Bird Studies with a Camera. D. Appleton & Co. $1.75. Dana, Mrs. William Starr. How to Know the Wild Flowers. Charles Scribner's Sons, $2. net. Dugmore, A. Radclyffe. Bird Homes. Doubleday, Page & Co. $2. net. Keeler, Harriet L. Our Native Trees. Charles Scribner's Sons. $2. net. Lounsberry, Alice. A Guide to the Trees. Frederick A. Stokes Co. $2.50 net. McCarthy, Eugene. Familiar Fish. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50. Morley, Margaret W. 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JOSEPH GILLOTT'S STEEL PENS At the present time, when we are coming into closer relations with Cuba than ever before, few things could possess greater interest for our students of history than the account given by Columbus himself of his discovery and exploration of the historic and beautiful island in 1492. The directors of the Old South Work have rendered a distinct service in printing as one of their Old South Leaflets the passages from the Journal of Columbus in which this account is given. This is No. 102 in the series, in which for the mere cost of printing, 5 cents a copy, our schools and the people are being furnished with so many original his- torical documents. "Three valuable Columbus leaflets have already appeared in the series: The Account of the Discovery of America, from the Life of Columbus by his son, Ferdinand Coluinbus; Columbus's Letter to Gabriel Sanchez, describing the First Voyage ; and Colum- bus's Memorial to Ferdinand and Isabella, sent from Hayti in 1494. 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ISSUES ACCIDENT POLICIES, Covering Accidents of Travel, Sport, or Business, at home and abroad. ISSUES LIFE E ENDOWMENT POLICIES, All Forms, Low Rates, and Non-Forfeitable. ASSETS, $27,769,511.56. LIABILITIES, $23,739,827.61. EXCESS SECURITY, $4,020,683.95. Returned to Policy Holders since 1864, $39,734,920.89. 36 [July 1, THE DIAL A HISTORIC ROMANCE IN A NEW FIELD Black Rock The Sky Pilot A ROYAL ENCHANTRESS Just THE RIGHT BOOK to slip into your travelling-bag. 6 - Ralph Connor's Great Tales 6. Ralph Connor' is some man's nom de plume. The By LEO CHARLES DESSAR world will insist on knowing whose. One who can Fully illustrated by B. Martin Justice write such a book as • Black Rock 'has no right to con- ceal his identity behind a pen name. . . . • Ralph Connor' has gone into the heart of the Northwest Cana- A book that portrays in glowing colors that pic. dian mountains and bas painted for us a picture of life turesque period in the history of Africa when in the lumber and mining-camps of surpassing merit. Cahina, the last Queen of the Berbers, united all With perfect wholesomeness, with exquisite delicacy, the northern countries, except Egypt, into one great with entire fidelity, with truest pathos, with freshest nation. Cahina was beautiful and womanly as bumor, he has delineated character, has analyzed mo- Cleopatra. wise as Aspasia, brave in battle as tives and emotions, and has portrayed life. Some of Boadicea, but in one momentous act of her life - his characters deserve immortality, so faithfully are they created. . . . . Black Rock,' if it has a reading one of the most tragic scenes of history or fiction commensurate with its merits, will prove one of the was cruel as Nero. most popular, as it is one of the best and most wholesome books of the year."-St. Louis Globe- 574 x 846 inches, Ornamental Cloth, 350 pages. Democrat. Price, $1.50. "• Black Rock' was good, but • The Sky Pilot' is better. gives us is Co. wholesome. His Bret Harte manner in describing this life has at times a distinct and refreshing quality of 24 Murray Street, NEW YORK literary workmanship; his style, fresh, crisp, and terse, accords with the Western life, which he well under- stands.”—The Outlook. 6 6 - virile, true, tender, humorous, pathetic, spiritual, Continental Publishing BLACK ROCK. A TALE OF THE SELKIRKS. THE SKY PILOT. A TALE OF THE FOOTHILLS. Each, 12mo, Cloth, $125. Just Published: A limited edition of BLACK ROCK in paper cover, price 25 cents. THE CHRONIC LOAFER Fleming H. Revell Company CHICAGO: 63 Washington Street NEW YORK: 158 Fifth Avenue TORONTO: 154 Yonge Street By NELSON LLOYD. Cloth, 8vo, $1.25. "This delightful philosopher is worthy to take his place with • David Harum'and · Martin Dooley.'"- Literary News. “The reader will love him." - Omaha World Herald. “Has the point and dry force found in the stories told by the late lamented author of David Harum.' If we are not mis- taken this book indicates the introduction to the public of a new American humorist."-The Outlook. "Genuinely American in both philosophy and humor, authen- tically human in sympathy and sentiment, the tales captivate by the power of their simplicity."- Independent. BRUSH AND PENCIL: An Illustrated Magazine of the Arts and Crafts. WHITE BUTTERFLIES BRUSH AND PENCIL for the coming year will continue to devote its pages to distinctively AMERICAN ART interests. It is the authori. tative publication in this country, and stands for the best element in Art and Handicraft. Especial attention will be given in 1900 to the department of practical and personal craftship, book-binding, furniture- making, etc., and the reviews of American exhibitions will be carefully reported and illustrated by the best critics. The appearance of the Magazine will be improved in the character and reproductions of illustrations, and the plates in color and photo- gravure will be a feature of the year. Subscription price . $2.50 per Year. Single Number . 25 Cents, By KATE UPSON CLARK. Cloth, 8vo, $1.25. “Wonderfully well adapted to be read aloud to a listening group. Among the new Summer books · White Butterflies' ought to become a favorite aud go in many a trunk to the Cats- kills, the lakes, or the sea."-Margaret E. Sangster. ALL BOOKSELLERS Send for Sample Copy. THE ARTS AND CRAFTS PUBLISHING CO., 215 Wabash Avenue, Chicago. J. F. TAYLOR & CO., NEW YORK 1900.] 87 THE DIAL Some Colonial Mansions and those Who Lived in Them, With Genealogies of the Families Mentioned. Edited by THOMAS ALLEN GLENN. First and second series. Illustrated with twenty full-page photogravures and over three hundred half-tone illus- trations. Two volumes, small quarto, cloth, gilt tops, with cloth jackets, each, list price 85 00 Half blue Levant Morocco, gilt tops 10 00 "It is very interesting reading, but undoubtedly the greatest value of the book, as well as its chief attraction, is in its pumerous and well-chosen illustrations, which in some cases have been almost inaccessible and known to few persons, even of the families to which they relate."—New York Times Saturday Review. PARIS: ITS SIGHTS, MONUMENTS, AND HISTORY. Compiled from the principal secondary authorities, by MARIA H. LANSDALE. With an introduction by Hilaire Belloc, B.A., late Brackenbury History Scholar of Baliol College, Oxford. With 30 photogravures and a map. Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, list price, $3.00. FLORENCE: Its History, the Medici, the Humanists, Letters, Arts. By CHARLES YRIARTE. 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CHICAGO 1900.) 39 THE DIAL DURING THE SUMMER EVERYONE SHOULD READ FABLES IN SLANG By GEORGE ADE. 16mo, cloth, illustrated. Price . . . $1.00. Simply look at the book, and you will understand its success. It is nearing the ONE HUNDREDTH Thousand. TIMELY BOOKS HOW TO PLAY GOLF. By H. J. WAIGHAM. THE ELECTRIC AUTOMOBILE. Its Use, The best book for beginners. Fully illustrated. Care, and Construction. By C. E. Woods. 12mo, $1.50. $1.50. BOOKS FOR THE LIBRARY THE INDIANS OF TO-DAY. By GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, Ph.D. With fifty full-page portraits of the most famous chiefs. 4to, buckram, $5.00. It is generally acknowledged that Mr. Grinnell is the authority on American Indians. For the first time in many years a serious attempt is made to deal fairly with the Indian of to-day; his past, his present conditions, and his future chances. The book is illustrated with a remarkable series of photographs, taken by Mr. F. A. Rhinehart during the Congress of Indians at the Omaha Exposition. SIR ARTHUR SULLIVAN. His Life Story, with Letters and Reminiscences. With many illustra- tions. 8vo, cloth, $3.50. This is the authorized biography of the great composer. It has been prepared under his personal supervision and revised by him in proof. It contains many of his letters and much intimate personal matter of great interest. “ Mr. Lawrence is to be congratulated upon his book, which has its value enhanced by the inclusion of a lecture by Sir Arthur Sullivan upon Music, with a criticism of his sacred music by B. W. Findow, and of his secular and more general work from the same appreciative hand. The publisher has given the work a worthy setting in all respects, making the book one of the noteworthy ones of the year.”—Chicago Times-Herald. THE LIFE OF WILLIAM MAKEPEACE THACKERAY. By LEWIS MELVILLE. With por- traits, facsimile of handwriting, and several drawings, many now printed for the first time. In two volumes, demy 8vo, cloth, gilt, $7.50. Although five and thirty years have passed since his death, until now there has never been published a life of Thackeray which has had any pretensions to thoroughness. The present work has been written to fill this void in the literary history of the century. It is a complete record of the career of the great novelist, and throws many new lights upon his private as well as his public life. Thackeray is presented as novelist, poet, artist, and art critic, and his friendships and tastes are recorded. TWO GENTLEMEN IN TOURAINE. By RICHARD SUDBURY. With many full-page illustrations, reproduced in photogravure. 8vo, cloth, $3.50. A delightful account of the wanderings of an American an and a member of the French nobility through the hig- torical chateaux in Touraine. It gives the stories of the various castles, anecdotes of the famous people who lived in them, and admirable descriptions of the country. OTHER BOOKS ONE SHOULD READ THE JESSAMY BRIDE. By F. FRANKFORT GLORIA MUNDI. By HAROLD FREDERIC. MOORE. 62d thousand. $1.50. 19th thousand. $1.50. CHECKERS: A Hard Luck Story. By HENRY MENTICULTURE. By HORACE FLETCHER. M. BLOSSOM, Jr. 30th thousand. $1.25. 30th thousand $1.00. DROSS. By HARRY SETON MERRIMAN. 40th thousand. $1.75. IN CASTLE AND COLONY. By E. RAYNER. ARTIE. By GEORGE ADE. 26th thousand. $1.25. 5th thousand. $1.50. THE DAMNATION OF THERON WARE. DOC HORNE. By GEORGE ADE. 7th thousand. By HAROLD FREDERIC. 55th thousand. $1.50. $1.25. ASK ANY BOOKSELLER TO SHOW THEM TO YOU HERBERT S. STONE & COMPANY PUBLISHERS : : : : : ELDRIDGE COURT, CHICAGO 40 [July 1, 1900. THE DIAL Fust Published FIRST EDITION OF 40,000 COPIES Fust Published A NEW LONG NOVEL BY B B O MARIE CORELLI BOY A SKETCH Y Y With frontispiece. 12mo. Clotb, ornamental. Price, $1.50. This book is the longest and most important work by MISS CORELLI published since “The Sorrows of Satan.” OTHER NOVELS BY MISS CORELLI “BARABBAS. A DREAM OF THE WORLD'S TRAGEDY.” Fourteenth Edition. Cloth, $1.00. “ THE SORROWS OF SATAN; OR, THE STRANGE EXPERIENCE OF ONE GEOFFREY TEMPEST, MILLIONAIRE.” Sixteenth Edition. With frontispiece. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50. “CAMEOS.” Fifth Edition. 12mo. Cloth, $1.00. “THE MIGHTY ATOM.” Fourth Edition. 12mo. Paper, 50 cents ; red buckram, $1.25. “THE MURDER OF DELICIA.” Fourth Edition. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25. “VENDETTA; OR, THE STORY OF ONE FORGOTTEN.” ” 12mo. Cloth, 75 cents. SOLD BY ALL BOOK- SELLERS, OR SENT, POSTPAID, BY J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY PUBLISHERS, PHILADELPHIA THE DIAL PRESS, FINE ARTS BLDG., CHICAGO. THE DIAL A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. EDITED BY FRANCIS F. BROWNE. } Volume XXIX. No. 338. CHICAGO, JULY 16, 1900. 10 cts. a copy. | FINE ARTS BUILDING. Rooms 610-630-631. 82. a year. THIRD EDITION JUST OFF THE PRESS MARIE CORELLI'S NEW LONG NOVEL BOY A SKETCH With Frontispiece. 12mo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50. 3 This book is the longest and most important work by MISS CORELLI published since “ The Sorrows of Satan.”. From THE WORCESTER SPY. “ The story is one full of pathos and reality." From THE NEW YORK TIMES SATURDAY REVIEW. “In · BOY,' her latest work, Miss Corelli is at her best. In this she has written a story which is at once healthy in tendency and in the main true to the facts of human nature. In this story the Transvaal war makes its appearance in contemporaneous fiction before it is over. The story is excellently constructed, and is told with charming simplicity of style. The char- acters are well drawn, and the whole atmosphere of the tale is lifting. As a study of the pos- sible effects of good influences in overcoming the tendencies of heredity it is thoughtful, and it will add to the solidity of its author's reputation.” From THE BOSTON COURIER. «« BOY' is one of the most wonderful delineations of mental development that has ever been published. The author's style is, as usual with Miss Corelli, such that tells the tale at its best, that holds the attention from the opening of the book until its closing. It informs of the earnestness of the writer upon her subject, who at times uses sarcasm in a mighty way. To · BOY' is certainly owing extensive perusal and popularity.” FOR SALE BY ALL BOOKSELLERS OR SENT POSTPAID BY J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY PUBLISHERS, PHILADELPHIA, PENNA. 42 [July 16, 1900. THE DIAL THE NEW SUMMER READING JUST “ A GREAT BOOK - GREAT ALIKE IN BEAUTY AND IN DEPTH.”— N. Y. Times Saturday Review. JAMES LANE ALLEN'S New Novel : THE REIGN OF LAW. “It is primarily the work of an artist to whom the dramatic interest is supreme, Nlustrated by PUBLISHED. but the artist is also a close, courageous, and reverent thinker. . . . In this latest work HARRY FENN and Cloth, $1.50. he has told the story of two human souls with that exquisite beauty which reminds J. C. EARL. the reader of Hawthorne."-HAMILTON W. MABIE, in The Outlook. “THE REIGN OF LAW' is the highest achievement of one of the ablest contemporary American novelists."— News. “That it will take its place as ONE OF THE NOTABLE BOOKS OF THE YEAR practically goes without saying, and wherever the best and noblest of English speech is appreciated this book will find a hearing."– Louisville Times. New Editions of JAMES LANE ALLEN'S Novels Complete. A KENTUCKY CARDINAL, $1.00. AFTERMATH, $1.00. Two GENTLEMEN OF KENTUCKY, 50 cts. THE BLUE GRABS REGION OF KENTUCKY, $1.50. FLUTE AND VIOLIN (uniform with the preceding), $1.50. SUMMER IN ARCADY, $1.25. THE CHOIR INVISIBLE, $1.50; illustrated, $2.50. OTHER NEW NOVELS- STRIKING DELINEATIONS OF MODERN BUSINESS LIFE. OF LIFE IN PAGAN ROME. THE BANKER AND THE BEAR. A FRIEND OF CÆSAR. THE By HENRY KITCHELL WEBSTER. A TALE OF By WILLIAM STEARNS DAVIS. STORY OF “An exciting and absorbing story.” THE FALL OF As a story there can be no question of its A CORNER IN -N. Y. Times Saturday Review. THE ROMAN success, yet to say so is to give a most meagre LARD. “A most fascinating book.” REPUBLIC. idea of the large sustained interest of the Cloth, $1.50. -Times-Herald (Chicago). Cloth, $1.50. whole." — NANCY H. BANKS in Bookman. OF ANGLO-INDIAN LIFE. OF AMERICAN FARM LIFE. VOICES IN THE NIGHT. AS THE LIGHT LED. BY FLORA ANNIE STEEL. BY JAMES NEWTON BASKETT. Cloth, “A novel which grows in power and interest "A strong and vital story of the Middle West. Cloth, •: . as it nears its climax . ... surprising one It ought to be widely read."-Boston Budget. $1.50. with the extent and thoroughness of the au- $1.50. “ A popular, wholesome, every-day story."- thor's knowledge.”—The Outlook. Courier-Journal. . OF AMERICAN SOCIAL LIFE IN THE MIDDLE WEST. Cloth, $1.50. THE WEB OF LIFE. “The greatest study of American social life .. ever contributed to American fiction" (Inter Ocean); “ As a story it is absorbing" (Bookman); "Most emphatically worth reading" (Boston Budget), were among the comments on Mr. Herrick's last novel. ܂ | By ROBERT HERRICK, University of Chicago, Author of THE GOSPEL OF FREEDOM. TIMELY BOOKS. WORLD POLITICS At the End of the Nineteenth Century as Influenced by the Oriental Situation. By PAUL S. REINSCH, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Political Science in the University of Wisconsin. Half Leather, $1.25 net. “The very best account of affairs in China I have seen,” says a well-known writer. “It could n't have been better if it had been specially prepared for this crisis." "Timely and sigpificant - will be welcomed by all who desire a bird's-eye view of international politics as affected by recent developments in the East."-Charleston News and Courier. MONOPOLIES AND TRUSTS. THE WAR IN SOUTH AFRICA : By Professor RICHARD T. ELY, Ph.D., LL.D., Director ITS CAUSES AND EFFECTS. of the School of Economics, Political Science, and History, By J. A. HOBSON, lately correspondent from South Africa University of Wisconsin. Half Morocco, $1.25. to the Manchester Guardian. Cloth, $2.00. “The most discriminating book that has yet appeared on “A book which has won the unstinted praise of Mr. the subject."--The Outlook. Bryce."'--The Nation. AN OUTLINE OF POLITICAL GROWTH IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. By Principal EDMUND HAMILTON SEARS, Mary Institute, St. Louis, Mo. Cloth, 8vo, $3.00 net. “Simply, clearly, comprehensively, it summarizes the political development of every nation and every important province in the world during the present century. ... The book is admirably planned to fit students to understand current politics." -The Outlook. THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 66 Fifth Avenue, New York. . THE DIAL A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. PAGB . . - . THE DIAL (founded in 1880 ) is published on the 1st and 16th of nearly the whole field of education, public and each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, 82.00 a year in advance, postage prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries private. Among the many important subjects comprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must discussed, none surpassed those relating to be added. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or secondary and higher education, especially as postal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO CLUBS and these relate to each other. The truth is that for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application; in the two fields - or in the one field, if we are and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATES furnished to consider them as being but one — on application. All communications should be addressed to very un- THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. usual progress was made during the year just closed. A résumé of the leading facts consti- No. 338. JULY 16, 1900. Vol. XXIX. tuting this progress may aid readers of The DIAL to grasp the import of the Charleston CONTENTS. discussions, and to discern whither, for the time, the educational affairs of our country are A YEAR'S PROGRESS IN SECONDARY AND tending HIGHER EDUCATION. B. A. Hinsdale 43 The Committee on College Entrance Re- COMMUNICATIONS 47 quirements, appointed in pursuance of action Dangers and Drawbacks in Endowments. Elmer taken in Denver in 1895, finished its labors and L. Kenyon. Wanted - A Bibliographical Institute. Aksel G. S. published its report in time for presentation Josephson. and discussion at the Los Angeles meeting a MR. FISKE ON THE CIVIL WAR. James Oscar year ago. The main object of this Report, it Pierce .. 49 will be remembered, was not to fix or to recom- mend requirements for admission to the col- THE WORKING PEOPLE OF AMERICA. John J. Holden 50 leges and universities, but rather to make up a list of studies deemed suitable for this purpose, THE EMPIRE OF THE MOORS. Ira M. Price 51 to establish a series of units or measures, and AN ETHNOGRAPHIC ALBUM OF MEXICAN to urge the adoption of this list upon the sec- INDIANS. Merton L. Miller 52 ondary and higher schools. To repeat a figure BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS 53 that was used in the discussions at Chicago last Cromwell as a national hero.-Stevenson's romantic year, the aim of the Committee was to create a life. The rational care of children.- Hard realities of warfare in the Philippines. - The growth of uniform educational coinage with which stu- modern democracy. - A-wheel in Normandy. – Re- dents going to college could discharge their collections of Presidential campaigns. — Dr. E. E. entrance indebtedness, the amount of which Hale on Emerson. - Gargantua and Pantagruel in a new dress. indebtedness the various institutions would fix BRIEFER MENTION. for themselves. Four periods a week for a 56 school year was made the unit of value - the NOTES 56 dollar of this new coin of the educational LIST OF NEW BOOKS . 57 realm ; and the colleges were strongly urged not to break up these dollars into change,” “ save perhaps in a single instance that is more A YEAR'S PROGRESS IN SECONDARY apparent than real. To carry out this central AND HIGHER EDUCATION. idea, much more college entrance-work was Only scattering and fragmentary reports of approved or “stamped” than any institution the annual meeting of the National Educational could require or most secondary schools could Association, held last week in Charleston, S.C., furnish ; thus preparing the way for a liberal have yet reached the public. Scattering and list of electives in the secondary schools and of fragmentary as these reports are, yet, taken in entrance alternatives at the colleges. Still, the connection with the elaborate programme pre- Committee strove to hold both electives and viously published, they bring under survey alternatives in check, by insisting upon certain . . . 44 (July 16, THE DIAL constant studies : namely, four units in foreign autumn, and the first examinations will be held languages, two units in mathematics, two in in June of next year. The subjects that have English, one in history, and one in science. been chosen are English, history, Latin, Greek, Beyond these constants, it was assumed that French, German, mathematics, physics, chem- the schools would do the work they were best istry, botany, and zoology. The institutions fitted to do. represented are Barnard, Bryn Mawr, Colum- Important discussions and legislation have bia, Rutgers, Swathmore, Union, Vassar, and followed this report, conforming in general to Woman's Colleges, and Colgate, Cornell, the lines the Committee had marked out. In Princeton, New York, and Pennsylvania Uni- fact, no one of the numerous reports which the versities ; or all the institutions within the geo- National Educational Association has published graphical limits described which have freshman in the last few years has been followed by hap-classes of fifty or more students. These names pier immediate results. The Board of Educa- are at once a pledge that the new plan will be tion of the City of Chicago has adopted a thoroughly tried, and also that, if successful, it programme of studies that is in many respects will exert a far-reaching influence. The board in accord with the recommendations of the of examination does not propose to interfere Committee ; while a committee is now at work directly with college entrance requirements in arranging for an approximate uniformity of respect either to the studies or to the amount college entrance requirements in the State of of work and study that shall be demanded for Illinois. admission ; but only to establish and carry on In May last, the Association of Colleges and a mint for the coining of money that shall have Preparatory Schools of the Middle States and a uniform value, with which students can pay Maryland adopted a plan of organization for a their college entrance charges. However, re- College Entrance Examination Board that sults that are not formally provided for are should do the work of examining for all the quite certain to follow. The plan will save institutions directly interested. This move- much labor and expense ; cause the necessary ment had its immediate rise in an address upon work to be better done; bring about a healthful the subject delivered before the Association in degree of uniformity in studies ; save students, December, 1899, by Dr. Nicholas Murray preparatory teachers, and professors (deans Butler. The new board, which is the central especially) much unnecessary work and per- feature of the plan of organization, consists of plexity; cultivate good relations among institu- the president or authorized representative of tions, and between institutions and the public; each college or university of the Middle States and tend to abolish what Dr. Butler has called and Maryland having a freshman class of not “our educational atomism." Perhaps it is too fewer than fifty students, counting both the much to expect Eastern colleges and univer- course in Arts and in Sciences, and of five sities to adopt at present the Western plan of representatives of secondary schools to be receiving freshmen on the leaving certificates chosen annually by the Association from among of approved preparatory schools; but while they those that adopted the plan, or in such manner are moving slowly toward that goal, the Middle as it may direct. The machinery and methods States and Maryland may well be congratulated of this board are topics that lie aside from our on the long step they have taken in establishing present path. It suffices to say that the ob- this Board of Examinations. Henceforth, Chaos ject of the board, as expressed in the resolutions ought not to sit as umpire over the colleges and adopted at Trenton in December, is “to bring universities of that region, and, by deciding, about, as rapidly as possible, agreement upon more to embroil the fray. a uniform statement as to each subject required Much the most important action taken by by two or more colleges for admission,” and to any single college or university during the year “hold or cause to be held, at convenient points, in respect to entrance is the new requirements in June of each year, a series of college admis- for admission to Columbia College. Elemen- sion examinations, with uniform tests in each tary French and German have long been col- subject, and issue certificates based upon the lege studies, and within the last few years some results of such examinations "; the several col. institutions have put elementary Greek on the leges in the Middle States and Maryland to same list. Columbia has now taken the unpre- accept the certificates so issued, “ so far as they cedented step of adding elementary Latin. go, in lieu of their own separate examinations." The immediate result will be that a student who This scheme will go into operation the coming has taken a non-Latin course in the secondary 1900.) 45 THE DIAL school may enter Columbia College and pro- admission of other institutions, on the invita- ceed to the degree of A.B. without prejudicetion of the executive committee endorsed by a arising from that fact. The total requirement three-fourths vote of the members. It is ex- for admission is fixed at fifteen points, of which pected by the founders of this association that three must be in English and three in elemen- it will do something of value for fixing the tary mathematics ; while the remaining nine standard for the Ph.D. degree, and for its may be selected, in measures ranging from one proper administration. It may prove to be, point to four points, from a total of twenty-six what one writer has already declared that it is, points to be made in Latin, Greek, history, "a long step toward complete university coöp- French, German, mathematics, physics, Span. eration.” ish, chemistry, botany, physiography, and zool- To explain in full the present status of the ogy. At the University of Michigan, also, the proposition to found a national institution of entrance requirements have been revised in the learning at the national capital is not an easy interest of simplicity and elasticity. matter. It appears, however, to present three At the Washington meeting of the National distinct forms. The first is the plan, which Educational Association, two years ago, the has Washington for its author, to establish at writer of this article presented a paper in the the capital of the nation a statutory university. department of Higher Instruction on the possi- This plan is now pending before the Senate in bility and desirability of forming a federation the form of « A Bill to Establish the Univer. of colleges and universities in the United States sity of the United States,” introduced by Mr. similar to the Association of American Medical Depew. The second form is the plan to organ- Colleges. After discussion, a committee of five ize for the purposes of instruction the various was appointed to report at the next annual scientific facilities, resources, and materials meeting of the department a practical plan of belonging to the government at Washington, effecting such a federation, and to offer recom- such as libraries and museums, collections and mendations with reference to the same; but laboratories, — under the supervision and over- this committee was not heard from last year at sight of the Regents of the Smithsonian Insti- Los Angeles. However, another movement, tution, which forms the centre of the new somewhat similar to this one in the outcome, scheme; the instruction furnished to be limited but wholly separate from it in origin and to students who are graduates of properly ac- original purpose, has eventuated in an organ. credited institutions, or those who are other- ization known as the Association of American wise properly qualified ; and no degrees to be Universities. A circular letter, signed by the conferred in connection with such instruction. presidents of Harvard, Columbia, Johns Hop- The third form of the proposition is to make the kins, Chicago, and California Universities, was Bureau of Education, rather than the Smith. sent to certain selected institutions, inviting sonian Institution, the administrative centre of them to a conference to be held in Chicago in the Bureau of Research, as the new organiza- February, at the time of the meeting of the tion is sometimes called. Of these three plans, Department of Superintendence, to consider the first is pressed more or less vigorously by primarily the relations of American schools and a national committee of some four hundred students to German universities. In the course members, having Dr. John W. Hoyt as its of the discussions at the conference, this sub-chairman ; the second is urged with much per- ject was quietly dropped, and an association sistence by the American Association of Agri- bearing the name already given was organized. cultural Colleges and Experiment Stations ; The object of this organization is the consid- while the third does not appear to have any eration of matters of common interest relating organized support. to graduate study, and its membership is natur. The committee of fifteen appointed by the ally limited to institutions that are actually President of the National Council of Educa- engaged in giving advanced or graduate instruction, in July, 1898, to investigate the entire tion. The initial membership consists of Cali- subject of the establishment of a National Uni- fornia, Chicago, Clark, Columbia, Cornell, versity, has pronounced decidedly against the Harvard, Johns Hopkins, Michigan, Pennsyl- plan of a statutory institution, and has virtu- vania, Princeton, Stanford, Wisconsin, and ally, if not formally, declared in favor of some Yale Universities, and the Catholic University alternative plan. The attitude of this commit- of America ; and provision is made for length. tee is well shown by two of the propositions ening the list at the annual conference, by the I that it has adopted. a 46 (July 16, THE DIAL four years. up “ The government is not called upon to maintain at Commerce, including in its curriculum studies the Capital a University in the ordinary sepse of that in bistory, political science, commercial and term." “ That a sub-committee be requested to prepare for international law, technological subjects, and modern languages; and laying emphasis upon consideration by the full committee a detailed plan by which students who have taken a baccalaureate degree, our commercial relations with Asia. A little or who have had an equivalent training, may have full more than a year ago, the New York Chamber and systematic advantage of the opportunities for ad- of Commerce determined to coöperate with vanced instruction and research which may now or may hereafter be afforded by the government; such a plan Columbia University in establishing a collegi- to include the coöperation with the Smithsonian Insti- ate course of instruction in commerce, to be tution of the universities willing to accept a share of open to high-school graduates, and to cover the responsibilities incident thereto." Dartmouth College has recently For some reason, the full committee did not announced the Tuck School, with a programme at its February meeting adopt the report of the of studies bearing directly upon preparation sub-committee, but, after discussion, referred for business and administrative life. Again, it back to the sub-committee without action. the University of Wisconsin has also taken It was expected that the subject would come steps to organize a School of Commerce, while for final disposition at the late meeting of the University of Michigan has just sent out the National Educational Association, in sub- an announcement of special courses in higher stantial accordance with the above report. commercial education and in public adminis- So the matter stands at present. Unless tration. These courses are especially intended Congress shall sooner cut the Gordian knot, for students, graduates or under-graduates, who , which is hardly to be expected, the next step, desire to specialize in history, economics, and if any, will no doubt be taken by the Regents related subjects; but they are also thrown open of the Smithsonian Institution. Conjectures to those who wish to prepare for the polit- as to what they will probably do would be pre- ical and social side of newspaper work, for mature. It is known, however, that while the teaching history and political science in col. Regents are in sympathy with the ultimate leges and high schools, for philanthropic and purpose of the American Association of Agri- pastoral work, or for diplomatic or consular service. cultural Colleges and Experiment Stations, they find themselves seriously embarrassed These several schools and courses of instruc- when they take up the question of the provis- tion are not yet fully organized, but that con- ion of funds with which to do the work that summation will not be long deferred. The would be required, and the further question of causes that have produced them, and that correlating formal instruction or teaching with promise to produce others like them, call for their own original and primary office of ad- but the slightest suggestion. They are the in- vancing knowledge among men. To quote one dustrial and political, the commercial and so- of the abler organs of public opinion: cial, activities of the times. Such schools and “One of the most interesting developments of spe- courses would no doubt have come in time, had cialization now going on in higher education in this the nation moved on in its old path; but they country is that which looks toward a better training for have been materially hastened by the fuller business men and civil servants. Whatever the pre- development of the national self-consciousness vailing view of the primary objects of a college or a that has followed events in our recent history. university, and however narrowly one may be disposed to limit its essential field, there can be no question that Those persons who adopt Mr. Lowell's charac- the most progressive of these institutions are now zeal- terization of a university as a place where noth- ously seeking to put themselves in touch with the prac-ing useful is taught, are not likely to take tical business needs of the times, and to fit their stu- kindly to the new development; but they are dents for participation in every-day affairs.” no more likely to oppose to it a successful re- Proofs of this tendency have become too sistance. In fact, we are but following in the pronounced to be overlooked or underrated. footsteps of Europe. Special schools for teach- The Wharton School of the University of ing business and administration have already Pennsylvania, the School of Political Science been successfully established in France, Ger- of Columbia University, and the elaborate many, Austria, and Italy — the best known of courses in history and economics at several of all, perhaps, being the school at Leipsic. The the stronger institutions, were the forerunners new University of Birmingham, England, will of the new movement. Two years ago, the include a faculty of commerce. University of California founded a School of B. A. HINSDALE. a - 1900.) 47 THE DIAL & welfare of their administrators, and if human action COMMUNICATIONS. were honestly determined in strict accordance with correct reasoning processes, we should have no occasion DANGERS AND DRAWBACKS IN ENDOWMENTS. to fear the subtle influence of wealth upon our educa- (To the Editor of THE DIAL.) tional or religious institutions. But the material wel. The publication, in The Dial for June 16, of statistics fare of the adminstrators is closely wrapped up in the regarding recent gifts and bequests for educational, worldly success of these institutions; and the human religious, and other humane purposes, suggests some mind is wonderfully impressionable, and always prone further comments. In the first place it is to be noticed to be swayed by transient conditions and temptations. that not only was the gross amount contributed for The destruction of ideals is a subtle and gradual pro- 1899 ($65,000,000) much greater than for any other cess, and once begun it is not easy for it to stop. year recorded (1893–1899), but the number of con- Of course, the sort of influence exercised by a munifi. tributors was nevertheless smaller, making the average cent donor will depend upon the man. His influence amounts contributed one-half larger, than for any pre- may be broad and wholesome, or narrow and injurious. vious year. In other words, much larger sums were But the fact that it is exercised, in a large degree, contributed by a smaller number of individuals. These under practical compulsion, makes it always objection- statistics do not include, however, endowments under able. Moreover, it is usually, if not always, a secret five thousand dollars, though these must have been ipfluence. Thus it may happen that an institution important, and may even have exceeded in gross amount which stands before the world as free and sincere, may the sums tabulated. Only by knowing the increase or in fact be in certain respects scarcely more than the decrease in the gross amount of these smallerendowments hired advocate of a certain rich benefactor. I do not can the complete significance of the published statistics say that all large endowments are attended with this concerning larger endowments be determined. Since insidious influence; but I do say that the possibility of this is not known, we are quite in the dark regarding such influence is real enough to awaken serious mis- the relative gross amount of all endowments for 1899 givings. compared with those for previous years. We may sup- In times of social and economic ferment and unrest, pose, however, that they were probably somewhat such as we are living in, it is very important that two greater, since the presumptive decrease in smaller en- institutions, because of their functions as moral and dowments was very likely more than made up by the economic teachers, should remain absolutely unham- increase in very large gifts. The impression shining pered, — the church and the college. And in view of out of the article referred to, that we have entered into the well-known ultra-conservative attitude of great a very paradise of institutional endowments, may re- wealth, large endowments to such institutions cannot at quire modification. Since these tabulations seem to this time be dissociated from economic considerations. show that not more than one in fifty, or possibly one in A prominent type in the commercial world, whose gifts a hundred, of our millionaires contributed at all, and to religious and educational institutions have been large, since single individuals or corporations are known to is deserving of special consideration. Great fortunes have accumulated within the single year sums bordering may sometimes be acquired through sheer unaided close upon, or exceeding, the entire amount of these ability and force, – though also, more likely, with the tabulations, we should exercise due restraint in judging addition of circumstance and favorable economic condi. the self-sacrificing benevolence of this wealthy social tions. But it is believed that in the accumulation of class. such fortunes other elements are sometimes actively If these statistics for 1899 really point, as they seem concerned, such as an unscrupulous disregard of others' to point, to a future in which many smaller endowments rights, if not an almost absolute disregard of honor. must give place to fewer large ones, to accord perhaps More and more are we seeing men who, through the with tendencies toward concentration of wealth, we may instrument of political bribery, deliberately purpose to well hesitate to express congratulation for any expected undermine the very foundations of justice and national future increase in the total amounts. As between hav- life in order to enrich themselves, insinuating their influ- ing educational and humane institutions supported by ence into religious and educational institutions. It is a many smaller contributions, or by few large ones, by all peculiarly ingenuous innocence which fails to suspect in means if possible let us have the former. In the first this a concealed purpose. Is there anything more bu- place, this would signify that the people themselves man than the disposition of a corrupt man of social were financially able and willing to maintain their own standing to maintain his outward respectability ? Could cherished institutions; while a people who are able to anything be better calculated to ameliorate the barsh- have great institutions only through the gifts of the ness of public criticism for public crime than munificent very wealthy are in danger of being blinded by the financial encouragement to institutions which stand most ameliorating and debauching influences of charity to for purity and truth? And is it likely that one whose the paramount duty of obtaining more just economic methods of corruption have insinuated themselves into his conditions for society in general. Moreover, that any- every political and business association should scruple to one should be able by reason of his wealth to influence insidiously attempt the debasement of moral ideals to the unduly our religious or educational institutions, is on level of his own, if his welfare seemed to demand it ? the whole unfortunate. When these institutions are The problem of de-Christianizing the world may be carried on through the support of many persons, there large, — but some men glory in large problems. Can need be little fear of undue domination by any particular anyone be found willing to maintain that no progress in benefactor. But if an institution owes its existence this evil direction has been made ? wholly, or in very large part, to the financial support of The problems confronting the administrators of the one man, he is in a position to exercise very great influ- immense funds of our endowed institutions are, as stated ence over its management and policy. If the endow- in The Dial's article, serious. But again I must insist ment of institutions had no bearing upon the material that bestowed funds do have a commercial significance, 48 (July 16, THE DIAL not only by reason of the conditions which created them, cataloguing now under consideration may open the way or of the possibility of their influence upon moral and to its preparation." economic perceptions and teachings, but also because Plans for coöperative cataloguing of books for libra- their administration forces the institutions themselves ries have been put before American librarians at various into commercial activities. Large endowments un- times during the last half century, and their realization doubtedly consist in considerable part of the watered at this time, as decided upon at the Montreal conference, stock of corporations whose dividends depend upon sys- will mark in a fitting way the end of a century rich in tematic public corruption. The first moral problemachievements in librarianship and bibliography, and ripe which administrators have to meet is to determine with promises of a still greater future. whether such wealth can honestly be accepted at all Coöperative cataloguing for libraries, in order to be (although this doubtless scarcely presents itself as a successful, must be made according to rules that are a real problem); the second, to determine what their atti- result of a compromise between the conflicting rules and tude shall be in the business world upon matters involv- practices of many libraries of different character. A ing business immorality; and third, that of deciding bibliography, on the other hand, must follow scientific whether the teachings of the institution concerned shall principles uncompromisingly. It is, indeed, doubtful be permitted to influence detrimentally the possible whether libraries like the Boston and New York public earnings of invested funds, or to endanger possible | libraries and the Library of Congress, engaged as they future endowments. It is not my purpose to pursue are in very important work peculiarly their own, could this aspect of the matter further. But I wish, in finally coöperate in an undertaking not directly concerned with emphasizing the contention that commercialism is closely their own immediate objects. These libraries and a twined about all sides of the endowment question, to few others possess the main part of the material for an quote the following statement concerning the property American bibliography; but a great mass of material, of one of our prominent educational institutions (made seemingly of less value, certainly of a more ephemeral in the “Chicago Tribune ” of April 28, 1900, by Build-, nature, will be found in a great number of smaller and ing Commissioner McAndrews): "There are rows and obscure libraries. This is particularly true of topo rows of unsafe and unsanitary buildings in the Nine-graphical, biographical, and other local literature. It teenth Ward which belonged to the Hull estate and are is plain that in order to get together all this material now owned by University.” At least four of these laborious research would have to be made in various buildings were ordered destroyed, including one devoted parts of the country. to a presumably profitable saloon business. Evidently The compilation of such a bibliography as has been the very poor are paying for the education of the com- planned must necessarily be a work of years, even if fortable classes more directly than some of us bad pre- undertaken by a considerable number of bibliographers. sumed. It speaks with peculiar earnestness for the Some plan must therefore be devised whereby the ma- moral sincerity of this institution, that it sees fit to terial will be made available as far as already collected. foster a "social settlement," to aid its students in the Such a device has been found by the Committee on study of the awful conditions of a "slum” neighbor Coöperation of the American Library Association which hood, which it is finding profit in helping to perpetuate. proposes to make for each title a linotype plate after the The contemplation of a great humane institution is plan used in the John Crerar Library, and to keep on truly inspiring, but none the less if it be the fruit of hand cards printed from these plates. The plates and the generosity of many small donors rather than that of the cards being numbered, it will be possible to publisb one, or a few, extremely large. One of the main pur- a list of books on certain subjects, or by certain authors, poses of this communication is to utter what seems to be as soon as the completeness of the material at hand a needed warning, – that large endowments are prone may warrant publication. to foster a complacency regarding the injustices through The need of an American bibliography is the most which much of our great wealth is accumulated. If pressing, but by no means the only, need of the Amer. the endowments to a great university may so subvert ican bibliographer. To give only one example, a new, the moral judgment of its president as to cause him to complete, and trustworthy critical bibliography of bib- hold that it matters little how a man obtains his wealth liographies might be prepared by the joint labor of so long as he bestows it properly, surely none of us can bibliographers and scientific specialists. A bureau of be accounted safe from this subtle influence. information in matters bibliographical is a desideratum ELMER L. KENYON. long felt among bibliographers and scholars. Again, Chicago, July 8, 1900. there is not in this country a single magazine devoted to scientific and bibliophilic bibliography. WANTED- A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INSTITUTE. No library, no publishing house, could think of under- (To the Editor of THE DIAL.) taking a work of the magnitude here suggested. The In December of last year the writer submitted to the various undertakings outlined cannot be attempted ex- Committee on Coöperation of the American Library cept by a specially founded Bibliographical Institute, Association, and to the Committee on Bibliograpby of with a large endowment and a competent staff of bibli- the American Historical Association, a plan for a com- ographers and scientific men. An endowment for one plete bibliography of American literature. The work institution of this kind would be of as much value as was to be done coöperatively by several libraries and the endowment of ten public libraries. under the auspices of the above mentioned and other If such an institution were founded in connection with scientific societies, which, it was thought, might be able a university, there might be a way of realizing the ideal to bear the cost of editing and publishing. The first- aimed at but not yet even approached in any of the named Committee reported at the annual meeting of library schools in the country, — namely, a real post- the American Library Association at Montreal last graduate course in bibliography and librarianship. month “ that the Committee recognized the importance AKSEL G. S. JOSEPHSON. of such a catalogue, and that the plans for coöperative The John Crerar Library, Chicago, July 10, 1900. the 1900.] 49 THE DIAL when the campaigning around Chattanooga The New Books. terminated in the fall of Atlanta and the march to the sea,- of all which, Hood's advance upon Nashville and the accompanying battles were MR. FISKE ON THE CIVIL WAR.* but incidents; and this extensive flanking Laying aside temporarily his general scheme operation made the ultimate surrender of Lee for a continuous series of American histories, inevitable. Mr. Fiske now enters one field of the Civil In his narrative recital of the main features War, and indites “a purely military narra- of these movements, Mr. Fiske exhibits the tive” of the campaigns in the Mississippi Val- breadth of view, keen analysis, and judicious ley, including in this term the whole of the generalization with which the readers of his territory drained by the great river and its other writings are familiar. As one turns tributaries. This parrative is brought down to these pages, it is a gigantic game of chess which the close of the year 1864, and thus virtually one sees mapped out before him. Island Ten, covers the period of the entire war. Indeed, Corinth, Vicksburg, New Orleans, Chattanooga, it is the theory of this volume that the war was Atlanta, are squares upon the chess-board; and mainly fought in the great valley, and that it the armies and corps of Grant, Sherman, was the achievements of the Federal armies on Thomas, Johnston, Pemberton, and Hood, are this Western field which made the war for the the pieces and pawns of the magnificent game. Union a success. Mr. Fiske's mode of pre Grant, on the Big Black River, between his senting the subject is striking. He pictures antagonists Pemberton and Johnston, is no the aggregation of all the campaigns in this more embarrassed than is the White Queen field as one extensive battle, waged on the who has invaded the domains of the Black modern plan, in which the result depends upon King, reserving both direct and diagonal lines skill in flanking. The Appalachian chain of of movement; or than the White Knight who, mountains had divided the general field into though surrounded by Black adversaries, still two fields, each of which was to be separately has squares unoccupied by them to which he fought for. In the East, broad flanking opera- can make his erratic retreat. Frequently, tions were not feasible, and the campaigning Mr. Fiske finds the peculiar terms of chess was largely limited to frontal attacks, which at most pertinent for his illustrations. And this the end of four years had not carried the Fed- analogy forcibly impresses the necessity of one eral forces beyond the James River. The pro- skilful manager to plan and direct all the de- longed contest for the possession of the great tails of the great enterprise. The several epi- Western field was distinguished by a continu- sodes of the war in the West are dictated by ous succession of flanking movements, of which the chess-player. The recovery of Missouri, the most sanguinary battles were incidents, and which, it is here hinted, took the west bank of in which the left Alank of the Confederacy's the Mississippi out of the active field of the Mississippi Valley armies was continuously war; the steps by which the control of that turned. Their extreme left was rolled back river was reassumed,— namely, Fort Donelson when the state of Missouri was occupied by the and Shiloh, the capture of New Orleans, the Federals. Next, the line of defense first estab- battles of Corinth and Stone River, and finally lished, with its left resting on the Ohio, was the reduction of Vicksburg and Port Hudson, turned by the reduction of Forts Henry and each of these is but a move upon the mighty Donelson, and the Federal occupation of the chess-board of war. Mississippi below Columbus. The Confederates Such a capacity for generalization as is recog- established a new line of defense along the nized in Mr. Fiske finds a congenial opportu- railroad running east from Memphis, which nity in the task of dealing thus comprehensively was in turn flanked as a result of the battles of with the Civil War. We find in this book all Shiloh, Iuka, and Corinth, and other operations the charm of his other bistorical essays. His on the Mississippi ; and the recovery of the facile pen flows as rapidly and as smoothly entire control of that stream closed a broad through sanguinary campaigns and terrible flanking movement, and forced the forming of crises as it has heretofore done through political new lines by the Confederates, in a reduced maneuvres and intrigue, and the romantic and territory. Once again was their left turned, thrilling experiences of frontier life. But Mr. Fiske has sought to condense so *THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY IN THE CIVIL WAR. By John Fiske. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. much into this one volume of 360 pages that - 0 50 [July 16, THE DIAL he has apparently pressed out some important he had lived longer in Arkansas than General episodes altogether, and has sacrificed histor-Blair, whom Mr. Fiske idolizes, had lived in ical proportion. We are transported from the Missouri. western side of the Mississippi to the eastern, Our author is apparently a good hater, as with the impression that the operations in the witness bis treatment of General Benjamin F. former field are virtually ended by its conquest Butler. Though he does not style him “an in the first year of the war. The battle of adventurer from Massachusetts," he adminis- Helena, on July 4, 1863, is a witness to the ters to his memory a stinging excoriation for contrary; but this engagement is not mentioned his acts as commander in New Orleans. Doubt- by our author. He gives, very appropriately, less these incidents in Butler's career, and much a chapter to Hood's march upon Nashville, other personal gossip such as abounds in this undertaken for the purpose of embarrassing book, were introduced by the author to enliven Sherman at Atlanta. But it was in like man- and spice his lectures, in which form these per that Price had hoped, in 1863, to embarrass chapters of history were first presented. They Grant at Vicksburg by the capture of Helena. may add entertainment to a discourse which Fiske says that later, in September, 1864, “the might otherwise prove dry and forbidding, and irrepressible Sterling Price had bounced up thus make more readable the details of marches once more in Missouri.” But he had done and countermarches and skirmishes and bloody more than this in July, 1863: he had gathered battles. This may have been the author's an army of 14,000 men, whom he sought to fire intention. But we do not expect such outbreaks to action with the appeal, “The invaders who from the impartial historian. seek to subjugate you have been driven from JAMES OSCAR PIERCE. Arkansas save at one point, Helena ; we go to retake it.” Fiske gives due credit to General Benjamin M. Prentiss for having "saved the day” at Shiloh by the persistence and stub- THE WORKING PEOPLE OF AMERICA.* borpness of his resistance to the Confederate “America's Working People” forms the sub- onslaughts. But Prentiss rendered more con- ject of the second of Mr. Charles B. Spahr's spicuous and valuable service at Helena, where contributions to the sociological literature of the he brilliantly repelled the impetuous attack day; and, like his “ Distribution of Wealth," of Price's greatly superior force. By stoutly the present work deserves the most careful holding with his small army the west bank of attention. To the student of the modern novel, the river at Helena, he ably complemented the these researches into modern American life will work of Grant at Vicksburg, and helped to show how impossible is it for one man to seek make it a verity that the Father of Waters any adequate interpretation of that life at the rolled unvexed to the sea.” No one episode No one episode present time, even should his work take the of the war in the West had a more distinct vast scope of another - Comédie Humaine "; to effect upon the whole situation than this march the politician they will prove little or nothing; by Price upon Helena and his crushing repulse; but the statesman will find them compact with nor could Mr. Fiske have found a more fortu- that true spirit of American manhood and de- nate subject for the exercise of his powers of mocracy which the politicians have been doing picturesque and dramatic description. The their best to prostitute by pensions, bounties, greater glamor of Vicksburg and Gettysburg and special privileges of all sorts. To the plain has served to dim the real lustre of Helena; but citizen and patriot who loves America as he loves this should not be allowed to mislead, at this his mother, the book is one of hope and illumi- distance of time, a careful observer of the moves nation, especially worth reading by those whose on the chess-board of the Mississippi Valley. residence in cities has given them an outlook The biographical part of this history does upon the rest of their native land as if through not conform to our author's usual standard of smoked glass; and, finally, all humane and con- ; , accuracy. He styles the same General Prentiss, scientious people will find here inducement to who entered the service from Illinois, a “ West labor unceasingly and with good courage. Virginian Brigadier.” He dismisses General Mr. Spahr has gone the round of the United Albert Pike, of the Confederate Army, with States in search of truth : unlike Diogenes- the appellation of “an adventurer from Massa- probably because his method is the reverse of chusetts.” But Pike was in no proper sense an AMERICA'S WORKING PEOPLE. By Charles B. Spahr. adventurer, though born in New England, for | New York: Longmans, Green, & Co. > 1900.] 51 THE DIAL - cynical — he has found it. His journeys began remains after reading Mr. Spahr’s book through with the older factory towns of New England; twice with the certainty of taking it up for successively he took up the new factory towns more than one re-reading : he did not dig out in the Southern States, went to a country where the truth of the iniquity in the Ceur d'Alene the life is still that of the pioneer engaged in region in Idaho, a spot on the continent, not in clearing away the primeval forests of Arkan- the islands, where imperialism and militarism sas, made investigations concerning the negro are reigning unmodified and unchecked. both as workman and citizen which shed new JOHN J. HOLDEN. light on a dark subject, dug into that still darker blot upon our civilization comprised in the coal mines and iron works of Pennsylvania, studied the trades-unions of Chicago with a THE EMPIRE OF THE MOORS.* perspicuity which led him nearer the truth than The northwest corner of the continent of any other writer with whom we are familiar, Africa is practically an unknown country even talked and lived for a time with the Mormons to the educated reader on this side of the sea. of Utah, and learned much concerning a much This Moorish sultanate borders on the Medi. misunderstood people, and concluded his wan- terranean and the Atlantic, and on Algeria and derings among the northern farms of Minne- the Sahara. It embraces about 220,000 square sota and the Dakotas. In most places, but miles. miles. Its rulers and people have played a most of all among these northern farmers, Mr. tragical role in the world's history for more Spahr found the people free — that is, he saw - than a thousand years. them to be Americans, unafraid of any man Mr. Meakin's “ Historical Epitome of the that walks the globe, sovereign citizens of the Moorish Empire” is the first of a series of sort which bids the world wonder at a real de- three volumes on this land and people. The mocracy of humanity. Here and there, as bibliography of this vast empire has already among the workmen in the Chicago building passed far beyond two thousand titles. But trades, he discovered an advocacy of freedom there has been no modern work in English that which is perilously near to lawlessness. Else brings the history down to the present date. . where, sporadically, he saw servility, the fawn. The present volume epitomizes the history of ing upon superiors which our fathers learned to the empire; the second, already announced, despise generations ago as “fluukeyism.” Here will give a comprehensive description of “The is an example of this, quite as marked in its Land of the Moors"; and the third will be a way as the heartbreaking failure of philan. comprehensive description of the Moors. thropy at Pullman in 1894: The portly volume before us is broken into “All that I saw at Homestead convinced me that three parts, dealing with internal development, Mr. Carnegie was unusually sincere in his desire for the welfare of his employees. President McKinley is external relations, and Moroccan literature, not more so in his desire for the welfare of Luzon. But with an appendix on “classical authorities on the fatal defect which Mr. Carnegie observes in the Morocco.” The first part is a rapid sketch of President's policy in the Philippines permeates his own history from 500 B. C. down to 1894 A. D. policy at Homestead. The government at Homestead It is so sketchy, now and then, as to presup- aims to be government for the people, but its funda- mental principle is that there shall be no government by pose more information than most of its readers the people. He who joins an organization of the em- possess. But its narrative rather than statis- ployees at Homestead to resist the absolute supremacy tical style bolds and carries along the mind of of the employers is warned in advance that he can ac- the reader with an ever-increasing interest. except his own . is he was directly in charge. In an unusual degree he ample references to the chief authorities on sympathized with the organization of the men for self- Moorish history. This feature of the work government. But the imperialist policy in its most abso- assures the reader that the author is not pre- lute lines is the one pursued and avowed by the present suming on his good faith, but is ready to give head of the Carnegie company, Mr. Charles M. Schwab.” him for his own verification the basis of bis Similar bits of illumination pervade the book, assertions. To aid in a proper conception of and no one can read it without the conviction the history of the empire, the book is supplied that the issue really before the American peo- with a comparative chart, which presents to ple is that which Professor William G. Sumner > not, indeed, that which Mr. Carnegie employed imein The author fortifies his pithy statements by *THE MOORISH EMPIRE: A Historical Epitome. By has so succinctly stated as “the issue wetween Budgett Meakin. With 115 illustrations. New York: The plutocracy and democracy.” A single regret Macmillan Co. > 52 [July 16, THE DIAL 6 > the eye, in a length of about one yard, its his- the part which Europeans and others have torical, chronological, geographical, and geneo- taken and suffered in their relations with the logical relations and features. This, with Moors. The horrors perpetrated, particularly smaller charts and illustrations in abundance, on Christian slaves, by the above-mentioned affords a very definite idea of the vicissitudes Mulai Ismail are indescribable and blood-curd- of that strange and often dreadful empire. ling. The only check to Moorish barbarity There is no part of that long stretch of his- toward foreigners lay in their fear of European tory that exceeds for grim savagery and tyran- powers. This, with other influences, has some- nical villainy the career of Mulai Ismail, whose what modified and promoted their foreign re- long reign covered a period of fifty-five years, lations. Foreign enlightenment has compelled (1672–1727). The author so condenses his His Majesty to regard to some extent the administration (pp. 139–161) that the horrible wishes of his subjects. Foreign powers have details of his barbarity must be omitted. The also set some limits to his absolute freedom. beginning of his reign is described thus : So that our author speaks of “that decrepit “ In announcing this [the determination to make Power which now, by courtesy alone, retains Mequinez his capital] he sent ten thousand heads, includ. the name of the Moorish Empire,' ing those of women and children slain in his rival's camp, to adorn the walls of Fez and Marrakesh, while ghastly travesty of empire.” France, beyond he caused the bodies of prisoners of war to be inter- all other nations, is said to be casting longing woven with rushes to form a bridge whereby the vic- eyes toward this territory, as an important torious army might cross a river. Thus commenced section of her projected African empire. the horrors of that awful reign." The author has done good service for stu- Chenier, in describing his perfidious career, dents of history in general and of Morocco in says: particular by his 110 pages of discussion of the “ Active, enterprising, and politic, this emperor tar- best literature on Morocco. A part of the ma- nished the glory of his reign by avarice, duplicity, terial is in the form of reviews of books and oppression, injustice, and continuous barbarities, the relation of which would be dreadful, and the remem- pamphlets by the best writers. If the works brance of which time only can efface. .. Nero, announced shall come up to the standard here Caligula, Heliogabalus were abhorent villains; yet Nero, laid down, modern students of ethnology, his- Caligula, Heliogabalus themselves were unequal to the tory, and geography will have a valuable con- fiend of whose acts I give [in earlier chapters] but a tribution to their apparatus. partial account.” IRA M. PRICE. His mastery of the situation and his moulding influence in crystallizing the character of the empire were such that our author adds: “With- out an understanding of the Moorish Empire AN ETHNOGRAPHIC ALBUM OF MEXICAN INDIANS.* as Ismail left it, it would be impossible to un- derstand Morocco as it is.” The opportunity to go among barbarous After drawing a lurid picture of the excesses peoples is given to but few. Nor are there and oppressions of the present administration many who have the enthusiasm or the interest of Morocco, we discover a ray of sunlight in to create such opportunity. There are no well- the following (p. 225): defined tourist routes to the homes of the un- “ The only satisfactory officials in Morocco, as a rule, civilized, nor carefully planned accommodations are those who have been drawn from the ranks of re- for the traveller in those regions. He must tired men of business — men whose palms no longer take his host as he finds him, but usually he itch — whose knowledge of the world enables them to can be assured that his reception will not be act with dignity and fairness, and whose intercourse with Europeans has removed their prejudices to a great unkindly nor his hospitality stinted. extent. The Moorish method is to select from among Though so few really know the uncivilized such men those whose reputation is high, to appoint man at home, almost everyone finds him inter- them as administrators of customs, of whom there are esting as a curiosity, and an increasing number several at every port. . . . For foreign payments these administrators serve as Moorish Government bankers, are coming to learn more and more from him on whom orders are given at court, and altogether they by serious study. So to almost everyone an play a part not unlike, though far behind, that played ethnographic album, such as Professor Fred- by the excellent service under the inspector-general of erick Starr bas given us of the Indians of Chinese imperial customs." Southern Mexico, comes as a pleasant surprise The external relations of the Empire are de- * THE INDIANS OF SOUTHERN Mexico, An Ethnographic picted in strong terms. Beginning with 1246 Album of 141 plates. By Frederick Starr. Chicago: Pub A.D., the author traces with sufficient fulness lished by the author. 1900.] 53 THE DIAL - among books, and as an object of great interest. Morley's narrative in “The Century” and that of It is entertaining to see how other people do Mr. Roosevelt in “Scribner's.” Careful readers things; it is of value to the student to be able and interested students will peruse all three of these, to make a comparative study of the mode of and will understand something of the fascination which the life and work of the Protector have exer- life, dress, customs, and physical features of other people than ourselves. cised on such widely variant natures as Carlyle and Gardiner and Morley and Firth in England, and There are few places in the world where the Roosevelt and S. H. Church in America. Mr. mixture of tribes and languages is more con- Charles Firth is not a genius like Carlyle, nor a lit- fused than in Southern Mexico and Central erary master like John Morley; but in all matters America. An interesting problem is here pre- where patient research and a real instinct for get- sented to the student of ethnology, to account ting at the truth are involved, he is an authority for this confusion. Is it due to a mixture of whom other writers are glad to quote. The book many radically distinct tribes? or are these before us is an expansion of Mr. Firth's article in but variations of a few stocks now so far apart 1888 ; but it embodies the results of later researches the “ Dictionary of National Biography," written in that little connection between them can be de- tected? In the absence of all historic data, the and of recently discovered documents. The narra- tive is an abridged but adequate account of the great answer to such a question is to be found in a events wbich made epical the twenty years between study of the customs and physical features of 1640 and 1660. Mr. Firth's estimate of Crom- the people themselves. This is the work which well's character is candid, tinged though it be with Professor Starr has been carrying on for some sympathetic admiration. The summary of his work years. He has made many visits to Mexico, which forms the concluding paragraph is worth accompanied by a photographer, and has visited quoting : “Cromwell remained throughout his life those least known, least accessible, and most too much the champion of a party to be accepted as interesting parts of the Mexican Republic. One a national hero by later generations, but in serving his Cause he served his Country too. No English result of this work appears in his album illus- trating the Indians of Southern Mexico. ruler did more to shape the future of the land he governed, none showed more clearly in his acts the Ethnographic albums have been issued be plain heroic magnitude of mind."" *The book is fore; but rarely if ever have they been satis- unusually rich in illustrations — over forty of them, factory, partly because of a lack of material to seven being portraits (of one kind or another) of make a good album and partly because the Cromwell. There are seven maps, prepared by work of reproduction has been poorly done. Mr. B. V. Darbishire under Mr. Firth's direction, Professor Starr, in a series of 141 plates re- to illustrate important campaigns or battles. Two produced from photographs selected from many of these “differ considerably” (as the author says hundreds, gives an idea of the general appear- in his preface) “ from those generally accepted as ance of the people of thirteen tribes, of their correct.” It may be added that Mr. Morley, in his account of Marston Moor, accepts Mr. Firth's plan villages, homes, and occupations. The work of as the most trustworthy. In the plan to illustrate reproduction is excellent: almost none of the the battle of Naseby (to face p. 128) the draughts- sharpness of outline and definiteness of detail man seems inadvertently to have confused the posi- of the original photographs is lost. Thirty-two tions of “Parliamentarians ” and “ Royalists” by pages of text are included to explain the plates. misplacing the devices employed to indicate the This publication will soon be followed by a respective armies. The book will take its place in paper by Professor Starr, descriptive of the Cromwellian literature as a clear, impartial, and daily life and industries of the people illus- authoritative presentment of one of the most fruitful trated in the album, which will add greatly to epochs in the history of self-government, and of the the interest and value of the present work. all-compelling man who was its central figure. MERTON L. MILLER. Lovers of Robert Louis Stevenson find the life of the man as interest- ing as his books; and Mr. L. Cope Cornford, in his volume of biography and criticism BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS. of Stevenson (Dodd, Mead & Co.), has made a very In such a series as that of " Heroes engaging sketch of an attractive personality. In of the Nations " (Putnam), a life of his preface, the author disclaims any attempt to Oliver Cromwell was pretty sure to write the full story of Stevenson's life, satisfying appear sooner or later : so it is perbaps a mere coin- himself with a “study of his finished achievement, cidence that Mr. Charles Firth's “ Oliver Cromwell and of his personality and temperament as expressed and the Rule of the Puritans in England” should in that achievement”; and this study he has made be given to the public at the same time with Mr. with fine sympathy and careful critical discrimina- Stevenson's romantic life. 9 Cromwell as a national hero. 54 [July 16, THE DIAL Hard realities > or tion. Discussing Stevenson's philosophy in the the mother to avail herself of some simple direc- chapter on “ The Moralist,” he finds courage the tions which will add greatly to her peace of mind last word of that philosophy; but somehow through and to the future happiness of the child itself. The it all is “the want of some kindly, indefinable, bu- book is not filled with veiled suggestions which will man quality,” and he deepens our impression that serve to keep it under lock and key — to become a Stevenson was one who, by reason of his courage, fearful joy to the youngster who chances upon it played a little too lightly and buoyantly over the later; rather is it a book of facts to be kept where surface of things. For a time, perhaps, in our de- all the family can read it and do what they can to light in his romancing, we were inclined to glorify make amends for the lack which Mr. Spencer has Stevenson beyond the warrant of his work; and it observed in us. Though the latest in point of time is therefore all the more pleasant to find Mr. Corn- of Dr. Oppenheim's excellent treatises, it precedes ford's appreciation balanced by so sane a judgment. them in the facts discussed, and serves as a scien- In conclusion he says: “But with all Stevenson's tific introduction to them as to the facts of parent- brilliant endowment and all his amazing cleverness, hood. the sane, serenely humorous vision of the great Mr. Karl Irving Faust's rather elab- masters is denied him." What those brilliant en- of warfare in orately gotten up volume entitled dowments were, he sets before us with a very pleas- the Philippines. · Campaigning in the Philippines ” ing literary art of his own. In the chapters on (Hicks-Judd Co., San Francisco) is frankly a com- “The Romanticist,” “ The Novelist,” and “ The pilation, by no means altogether of stale matter Limner of Landscape,” he discusses with surprising however, and the fact that its contents are largely fulness (since the chapters are not long) the dis- from the pens of men who were active participants tinctive characteristics of Stevenson's work, and his in the events described lends it a certain interest. limitations. The wonderful versatility of the man The graphic quality of the book is enhanced by the is the most striking thing in the impression which numerous illustrations after photographic snap-shots these chapters make, and the range of his achieve- taken largely at the scene of action, and in some ment comes up pretty clearly in this account of it. instances under conditions arduous enough, one Something of the color that vibrates in the pages would think, to baffle the ingenuity or cool the of “ The Master of Ballantrae “ The Wrecker" courage of the most enterprising "camera fiend." has found place in the book. Though a volume of Let us add that the ghastly objects shown in some but two hundred pages, it contains about as much of these plates — the trenches choked with corpses, as the ordinary reader will care to know about and courtyards covered with mangled trunks and Stevenson, and no reader will think it a word too torn disjecta membra, and so on,- should suffice long. to chill the martial ardor of the most strenuous. The compiler of the volume went out to Manila in It has been remarked, by Mr. Her- The rational December, 1898, to collect data for an account of bert Spencer and others, that we care of children. spend our youth in learning every the military operations then thought to be virtually sort of thing except the supremely important one - Arriving at Manila on the eve of the out- break of the trouble with our late allies, Mr. Faust that of taking care of the coming generation. Prob- saw that the ably no parent has entered into the joys of parent- enlarged, so as to include accounts of the new cam- scope of the projected book must be hood prospectively without an earnest search through the literature of the day to find some book paigns then evidently impending. A staff of writers that will set forth the rule of conduct in such case was therefore organized to follow up the move- made and provided — at least no parent who is ac- ments of the troops in the field, and the cooperation customed to go to books for information. For the of competent men in the various regiments was ar- ranged for. The result of this enterprise is a most part, such a quest has been vain ; all the in- telligence which school and college has sharpened undoubtedly contains a fair amount of the raw ma- mélange of descriptive and statistical matter that into acuteness stands dulled before the immutable and mysterious facts of nature; and we boasting terial of history proper. The editor has evidently moderns take up our duties as fathers and mothers tried to get at the truth as far as possible, as well in the same tentative, empirical, impractical way as to make a readable and salable book. A supple- mentary chapter sketches the history of the Philip- that befalls all mankind after it leaves the safe har. bor of savagery and invincible ignorance. False pines and their people, and there are some useful modesty, what White called "prurient prudery," maps. The lack of an index seriously impairs its . value as a book of reference. the hypocrisy of Anglo-Saxonry, and the lack of real civilization, combine to keep us from our duty The growth Mr. Edmund Hamilton Sears's and our rightful inheritance. In this emergency, 6 Outline of Political Growth in the Dr. Nathan Oppenheim steps forward for the third democracy. Nineteenth Century” (Macmillan) time with “ The Care of the Child in Health " is not very happily named: it might better have (Macmillan), and with courage enough to begin been called an “ Outline of Political History," or his suggestions for the care of the child when the something of that sort. The author explains, in child's life begins, and not after it is too late for his preface, that he wished to emphasize the growth over. ) of modern 1900.] 55 THE DIAL Recollections vey this idea. Dr. E. E. Hale on Emerson. of popular institutions, which he has done ; but the Colonel A. K. McClure is a veteran words “political growth” do not necessarily con- of Presidential of American politics. He has ac- From this point of view, he should campaigns. tively participated in fourteen Presi- have called his work an “ Outline of Democratic dential contests, or nearly half of the entire number. Growth” or of the “ Growth of Democracy.” The In the Republican National Convention of 1860 he conception of the work is a good one, and its execu- played a prominent part, leading, with Mr. Curtin, tion is in some particulars meritorious. The book the “break" of his delegation from Cameron to shows reading, if not original investigation — which, Lincoln. In the ensuing campaign he was chair- however, is not claimed but disclaimed ; and the man of the State Committee. In addition to his arrangement and handling of the material show experience, Colonel McClure has made a life-long grasp of the subject. A very large amount of use- study of the history and methods of American poli- ful information relating to an important topic is tics, especially of the great quadrennial contests for brought into convenient compass. But, we regret the Presidency. He now embodies the information to say, this information cannot always be implicitly thus gained in a volume of some 400 pages, entitled accepted. For example, in dealing with the Home “Our Presidents and How We Make Them" Rule controversy in England, the author makes all (Harper), which aims to narrate succinctly yet Home Rulers Irishmen, thus confounding them readably the story of each Presidential campaign, with the Irish Nationalists ; while he says Mr. down to and inclusive of that of 1896. Upon the Gladstone's retirement from office and public life inside history of those campaigns in which Colonel was "owing to the formation of a cataract in his McClure personally took part some interesting side- eyes.” The ten-line personal sketch of President lights are shed. The text is brightened with an Garfield contains two positive errors. Garfield did occasional anecdote. The book is, all things con- not, as asserted, "abandon the law to serve, first in sidered, commendably impartial, and contains much the army, and afterwards in Congress”; neither information of the sort that an active political ex- was he, at the time of his nomination for the Presi- | perience can best supply. There are twenty-five dency, serving in the Senate. Garfield's law prac- portraits, including one of the author. tice all followed his entry into Congress, and he never served in the Senate at all, although he was Dr. Edward Everett Hale writing of chosen a member of that body the winter before he Emerson could hardly fail to be was elected President. interesting, and though his book is not very thick, containing only an address of some Tourists who know Normandy only fifty-three pages by the author and two early essays through its fashionable watering- of Emerson's, the address itself is pure gold and Normandy. places and its one or two larger bis- the essays are more than interesting. Little per- toric towns will find Mr. Percy Dearmer's valuable sonal touches that bring us near to the warm human little book, "Highways and Byways in Normandy" nature of the transcendental philosopher crop out (Macmillan ), in its way a revelation. Mr. Dear- on every page, and his figure grows larger for us as mer's scholarly descriptions are copiously illustrated we realize more fully the range of his sympathies. by the delightful drawings of Mr. Joseph Pennell, It is refreshing to read accounts of his efforts to whose pencil is very much at home in depicting the hold the Town and Country Club to practical aims, picturesque nooks and corners and unspoiled archi- and equally so to read of his getting up in the dim tectural charms of the quaint old Norman towns. midnight to soothe and comfort two lonely boys, like For those who desire to explore and to know Nor- himself guests in a strange house. “ He was what mandy, to get away from the beaten track of the his own New England had made him. And this “personally conducted” tourist, this is assuredly was a child of God who chose to go to God for the book. Not that Mr. Dearmer has by any means instructions. . . . And no interpretation of that exhausted the riches of this lovely corner of France. word by any of these aides — brothers and sisters His trip was made a-wheel, and he cheerfully ad- of his — could turn him from the Father. This is mits that "it would be easy to leave the route that the secret of the power of Emerson.” Slight as it is here suggested at almost any point and discover is, all lovers of Emerson will want the book, with fresh country.” In Mr. Dearmer's narrative, if its revealings of the inner spirit of the loftiest figure such it can properly be called, the personal note is in American letters. (Brown & Co.) not conspicuous, the space being devoted mainly to objective description of the country passed through. A three-volume reprint of Rabelais, Gargantua and Much desirable information as to the historic asso- Pantagruel in in Sir Thomas Urqubart's seven- ciations and past of notable towns and buildings is a new dress. teenth-century English, forms the interspersed. There is a folding map showing the latest issue in the admirable series of “ Tudor author's route, and Mr. Pennell's very tasteful Translations” published by Mr. David Nutt of drawings serve to illustrate as well as adorn this London. The edition is edited by Mr. Charles capital descriptive and historical guide to the tempt- Whibley, whose introductory essay of nearly a hun- ing region explored by Mr. Dearmer. dred pages contains all the information, biograph- - 4-wheel in . - 56 [July 16, THE DIAL > ical and critical, essential to a right understanding NOTES. of Rabelais and his work. Sir Thomas Urquhart's rendering of the immortal tales of Gargantua and The Macmillan Co. have just published a new edition Pantagruel, first issued in 1653, occupies a posi- of Dr. Richard T. Ely's “Outlines of Economics." tion immeasurably above any other English version. How to Recite " is a school speaker, edited by Mr. It is, as Mr. Whibley says, “ a translation, unique F. Townsend Southwick, and published by the American Book Co. in its kind, which has no rival in profane letters. Indeed it can scarcely be called a translation at all; Mrs. Humphry Ward's “ Helbeck of Bannisdale" has rather it is the English Rabelais. . . . He [Urqa- just been reissued, two volumes in one, by the Mac- millan Co. hart ] was, in a sense, Rabelais incarnate." The mechanical form of this new edition is in keeping Mr. David Nutt, London, publishes a pamphlet en- titled “ Peasant Lore from Gaelic Ireland,” collected by with previous volumes of the “ Tudor Transla- Mr. Daniel Deeney. tions,” – that is to say, the volumes are models of Messrs. Ginn & Co. publish the “ Elements of Al- typographical dignity and excellence. It is certain gebra,” by Messrs. W. W. Beman and D. E. Smith, as that Rabelais was never before presented to English a text-book for secondary schools. readers in so satisfactory and attractive a form. Mr. M. F. Mansfield publishes a reprint of “The Mutiny on Board H. M. S. Bounty,” from the original narrative of Lieutenant William Bligh. The Macmillan Co. have just published a third edition BRIEFER MENTION. of Mr. Henry Wallace's “ Letters to the Farm Boy," a book which has had a wide popular success. In “ Paris As It Is ” (Doubleday, Page & Co.) Miss Mr. Robert Luce, Boston, is both author and pub- Katherine de Forest has given us a very readable book, lisher of “Going Abroad? Some Advice," a small which, in spite of the disclaimer of its preface, will volume first issued three years ago, and now reproduced convey a good deal of information to the average reader in a new edition. and probably contribute in its way something toward Twenty lives, by Cornelius Nepos, edited by Mr. better appreciation of French life. Her account of what John Edmund Barss, and published by the Macmillan she has seen is sprightly and enlivened with anecdotes Co., form a volume which is a welcome addition to Latin not always new but generally good. When she drops texts suitable for beginners. into philosophy of art or literature she shows to less advantage. Her ambition to interpret the genius of A condensation for young readers of “ The Chronicles Paris” must not lead one to expect anything that may of Sir John Froissart, made by Mr. Adam Singleton, is a most welcome reading-book for schools recently pub- be compared with the chapters of Mr. Hamerton or lished by Messrs. D. Appleton & Co. Mr. Brownell. There are some excellent pictures, and “ The World's Work” is the title of a new magazine the book is neatly printed and bound. Unfortunately, the proof-reading is atrocious. The foreign names and to be published in the Fall by Messrs. Doubleday, Page phrases which liberally besprinkle the pages appear & Co., under the editorship of Mr. Walter H. Page, under horrible disguises; the blunders here are some- formerly editor of “The Forum” and “The Atlantic." times of a character to make us suspect the complicity A new illustrated edition of Carlyle's “ French Revo- of the author. lution,” in a single thick volume, has recently been The latest “Temple Classics" (Macmillan) to reach imported by the Messrs. Scribner. The illustrations us form a group of exceptionally attractive titles in a are full-page plates, fifteen in number, reproductions of old prints. series which is uniformly attractive. They comprise a two-volume edition of Goldsmith's “ A Citizen of the A new edition of Miss Cholmondeley's “ Diana Tem- World," with notes by Mr. Austin Dobson; the “Silex pest,” recalled to favor by the success of her more re- Scintillans, or Sacred Poems and Private Ejaculations” cent“ Red Pottage,” is published by Messrs. Harper & of Henry Vaughan; Cowper's “The Task "; Carlyle's Brothers. It includes a portrait and a biographical Heroes ”; H. Buxton Forman, with the Watts portrait as frontis- arts exhibit at the Paris Exposition, as published by piece and including the famous first-edition preface; Messrs. Noyes, Platt, & Co., makes a small and neat and, finally, Vols. I. and II. in a seven-volume edition volume, and is given particular attractiveness by the of William Caxton's “ The Golden Legend, or Lives of half hundred full-page plates at the end of the book. the Saints." A new edition of “ The Story of Grettir the Strong," The following modern language text-books are the as translated from the Icelandic over thirty years ago latest that we have received: “Journalistic German," by William Morris and Eirikr Magnusson, has just being “selections from current German periodicals' been published by Messrs. Longmans, Green, & Co. in (American Book Co.), edited by Dr. August Preho; their uniform library edition of the writings of Morris. "Les Fautes du Langage" (Jenkins), by Mr. Victor “ Pausanias, and Other Greek Sketches " is the title F. Bernard; “ Progressive Exercises in Spanish Prose of a volume by Mr. J. G. Frazer, just published in Composition” (Holt), by Mr. M. Montrose Ramsey and “ Eversley" form by the Macmillan Co. It consists Miss Aneta Johnstone Lewis; and Herr Sudermann's for the most part of matter reprinted from the author's “ Frau Sorge (Holt), edited by Professor Gustav monumental edition of Pausanias. The essay which Gruener. Unfortunately, the latter work is not given served that edition as an introduction fills the first complete, one long and important episode being omitted hundred and sixty pages of this volume, and is here fol- altogether. lowed by nearly a hundred brief descriptive sketches a “ Narrative, Elegiac, and Lyre "Poems," edited by Mr. The official illustrated catalogue of the American fine 1900.) 57 THE DIAL LIST OF NEW BOOKS. [The following list, containing 40 titles, includes books received by TAE DIAL since its last sue.] » : selected from the author's commentary on Pausanias. His “ Encyclopædia Britannica” article on Pericles closes this collection of essays. Milton's “ Paradise Lost,” I. and II., De Quincey's “Opium Eater," and Scott's “ Lady of the Lake,” are three new volumes of the “ Pocket English Classics” published by the Macmillan Co. The respective editors are Mr. W. I. Crane, Dr. Arthur Beatty, and Miss Elizabeth A. Packard. Messrs. Davis & Co., Chicago, are the publishers of “ The Crucifixion,” by Mr. William T. Stead. The book is a sort of religious novel dealing with the last days in the life of Jesus, and intended as a sort of commentary upon the play at Oberammergau. It is written in Mr. Stead's most approved style of sensational journalism. “ The Young Folks' Cyclopædia of Persons and Places,” by Mr. John Denison Champlin, is published by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. in a third and revised edition. The original work is now twenty years old, and the revision has occasioned many changes, including the preparation of more than five hundred new articles. New reading-books sent us by the American Book Co. in their “ Eclectic" series are the following : “Dis- coverers and Explorers,” by Mr. Edward R. Shaw; “ Alice's Visit to the Hawaiian Islands," by Miss Mary H. Krout; the “Story of Ulysses," by Mr. M. Clarke; and “The True Citizen,” by Dr. W. F. Markwick and Mr. W. A. Smith. “ Robert Browning,” by Mr. Arthur Waugh, and “John Wesley,” by Mr. Frank Banfield, are the first two volumes in the series of “Westminster Biographies,” published by Messrs. Small, Maynard, & Co. These biographies are similar in size and appearance to those of the Beacon" series, and are to deal similarly with famous modern Englishmen. “ The Story of Captain Meriwether Lewis and Cap- tain William Clark for Young Readers," retold in simple prose by Miss Nellie F. Kingsley, is a recent publication of the Werner School Book Co., who also send us “ Four American Pioneers,”a reading-book about Boone, George Rogers Clark, Crockett, and Kit Carson, prepared by Miss Frances M. Perry and Miss Katharine Beebe. “ Exhibition Paris, 1900,” is a practical guide pub- lished by Messrs. F. A. Stokes Co. in connection with Mr. William Heinemann, of London. The opening chapter, on “how to see Paris in one day for forty-five francs,” should appeal irresistibly to hurried Americans. By this feature, as well as by many others, the book unquestionably earns its title of a “practical ” manual. The Macmillan Company have in preparation an édition de luxe of the works of Walter Pater, in eight volumes. The edition will be limited to 775 copies, 250 of which will be reserved for America. The first volume, “Studies in the History of the Renaissance," will be issued in September, followed by monthly vol- umes, the last of which, “ Miscellaneous Studies," will be issued in April, 1901. The Hon. Mellen Chamberlain, jurist, librarian, and author of numerous essays and reviews on historical subjects, died in Boston on the 25th of last month in his eightieth year. He was both lawyer and judge be- fore he became librarian of the Boston Public Library, which position he left about ten years ago, and since then has given his time to literary work, of which his volume entitled “John Adams, the Statesman of the American Revolution” is perhaps the best known ex- ample. GENERAL LITERATURE. The Writings of James Monroe. Edited by Stanislaus Murray Hamilton. Vol. III., 1796-1802. Large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 457. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $5. net. (Sold only in sets.) Flashes of Wit and Humor; or, A Brief Study of the Best Things of the Brightest Minds. By Robert Waters. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 186. New York: Edgar S. Werner Co. Quaint Nuggets. Gathered by Eveline Warner Brainerd. With portrait, 32mo, gilt top, pp. 136. Fords, Howard, & Hulbert. 45 cts. FICTION. The Last Sentence. By Maxwell Gray. 12mo, pp. 491. D. Appleton & Co. $1.; paper, 50 cts. A Friend of Cæsar: A Tale of the Fall of the Roman Re- public. By William Stearns Davis. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 501. Macmillan Co. $1.50. The Meloon Farm. By Maria Louisa Pool. Illus., 12mo, pp. 401. Harper & Brothers. $1.50. Bequeathed. By Beatrice Whitby. 12mo, pp. 335. Harper & Brothers. $1.50. A Gentleman Born. By Edward C. Kane. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 340. G. W. Dillingham Co. $1.50. 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Harper & Brothers. $3. China, the Long-Lived Empire. By Eliza Ruhamah Scid- more. Illus., 8vo, uncut, pp. 466. Century Co. $2.50. South America, Social, Industrial, and Political: A Twenty- five-thousand-mile Journey in Search of Information. By Frank G. Carpenter. Illus., 4to, pp. 625. Akron, Ohio: The Saalfield Publishing Co. European Travel for Women: Notes and Suggestions. By Mary Cadwalader Jones. 16mo, pp. 301. Macmillan Co. $1. BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG. With Lawton and Roberts: A Boy's Adventures in the Philippines and the Transvaal. By Elbridge S. Brooks. Illus., 12mo, pp. 318. Lothrop Publishing Co. $1.25. The Noank's Log: A Privateer of the Revolution. By W. 0. Stoddard. Illus., 12mo, pp. 337. Lothrop Pub- lishing Co. $1.25. 9 BOOKS FOR SCHOOL AND COLLEGE. The Bellum Catilinae of C. Sallustius Crispus. Edited by Charles George Herbermann, Ph.D. Illus., 12mo, pp. 192. Benj. H. Sanborn & Co. $1. Practical Composition and Rhetoric. 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By “Written with a force and beauty of “A great book JAMES LANE diction, a depth and enthusiasm of - great alike ALLEN. thought, and a breadth of sympathy in beauty and Author of “The and vision that commands both atten- in depth." Choir Invisible." tion and admiration."— The Chicago N. Y. Times Sat. Cloth, $1.50. Tribune. Review. First Edition July 2. Second Edition July 9. "Every page is radiant with "A wonderfully sweet and charm- 1 beauty."- Louisville Times. ing idyl."-Brooklyn Eagle. Third Edition, 70th Thousand, July 16. " It will strengthen the wise and thoughtful in their faith.” - Buffalo Commercial. Fourth Edition – Just Ready. “Another evidence of JAMES LANE ALLEN's title to be considered among the first of living American novelists." - Brooklyn Eagle. - World Politics At the End of the Nineteenth Century as Influenced by the Oriental Situation. By PAUL S. REINSCH, Assistant Pro fessor of Political Science in the Uni- versity of Wisconsin. Half leather, $1.25 net. 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The story is full of the atmosphere of the quaint mountain life with its wealth of amusing peculiarities, and it also has a historical value, since it pictures conditions attendant upon the anti-slavery movement and the days of the war. The interest of a treasure search runs through the tale, since the author has adroitly utilized a mountain legend of a lost mine. “Pine Knot" is a romance "racy of the soil” in a true sense, a story fresh, strong, and absorbing in its interest throughout. IN CIRCLING CAMPS A Romance of the American Civil War. By J. A. ALTSHELER, author of " A Herald of the West,” “ A Soldier of Manhattan," etc. 12mo, cloth, $1.50. "Mr. Altsheler has an enviable reputation. His method is that of Fenimore Cooper. He tells a good, strong, human story for its own sake and not for the sake of showing off his talent as a literary story-teller. He gives us some great battle pieces, notably Shiloh and Gettysburg. His admiration of the nobler qualities of old friends turned foes' is so hearty and so sincerely dramatic that we love and pity the terrible valor of both." – RICHARD HENRY STODDARD in The New York Mail and Express. FAMILIAR FISH NEW EDITION Their Habits and Capture CONCERNING ISABEL CARNABY A Practical Book on Fresh-Water Game Fish. By A Novel By ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER, au- EUGENE MCCARTHY. With an Introduction by thor of “ The Farringdons,” “ A Double Thread," Dr. DAVID STARR JORDAN, President of Leland etc. With portrait and biographical and critical Stanford Junior University, and numerous illustra- sketch. 12mo, cloth, $1.50. tions. Uniform with “ Familiar Trees," “ Familiar Flowers,” etc., by F. Schuyler Mathews. 12mo, NEW TOWN AND COUNTRY NOVELS cloth, $1.50. Each 12mo, cloth, $1.00; paper, 50 cents. “ By the best equipped writer in the country.” THE FLOWER OF THE FLOCK. A Novel. By W. E. NORRIS. BIRD STUDIES WITH A CAMERA THE JAY - HAWKERS. A Romance of Free Soil and With Introductory Chapters on the Outfit and Methods Border Ruffian Days. By A DELA E. ORPEN. of a Bird Photographer. By FRANK M. CHAPMAN, BROWN OF LOST RIVER. A Ranch Story. By MARY Assistant Curator of Vertebrate Zoology in the E. STICKNEY. American Museum of Natural History, author of “ Handbook of Birds of Eastern North America' THE LAW IN ITS RELATIONS TO and “ Bird-Life.” Illus. with over 100 photograpbs PHYSICIANS from nature by the author. 12mo, cloth, $1.75. By ARTHUR N. TAYLOR, LL.B., of the New York Bar. 12mo, law cloth, pp. 560, $2.00. INSECT LIFE By John HENRY COMSTOCK, Professor of Entomol- REVISED EDITIONS ogy in Cornell University. With many illustra- APPLETONS' GENERAL GUIDE TO THE tions by Anna Botsford Comstock, member of the UNITED STATES AND CANADA. Society of American Wood Engravers. 12mo, Edition of 1900. With numerous maps and illustrations. cloth, Library Edition, $2.50; Teachers' and Stu- 16mo, flexible morocco, with tuck, $2.50. dents' Edition, $1.50. Part I. Separate cloth edition, New England, Middle States, and Canada, 75 cents. Part II. Southern and West- NEW EDITION ern States, 75 cents. THE RED BADGE OF COURAGE APPLETONS' DICTIONARY OF NEW YORK An Episode of the American Civil War. By STEPHEN AND VICINITY CRANE, author of "The Little Regiment,” “ The An alphabetically arranged index to all places, societies, Third Violet,” “ Maggie," etc. New edition, with institutions, amusements, etc. With maps of New York portrait and biographical sketch. 12mo, cloth, $1. and vicinity, and illustrations. Cloth, 60c.; paper, 300. This new edition of "The Red Badge" is issued in re- sponse to the general demand for an edition of this famous APPLETONS' CANADIAN GUIDE - BOOK. book which should present a memorial of the lamented au- By CHARLES G. D. ROBERTS. A Guide for Tourists and thor in connection with the example of his work which has Sportsmen from Newfoundland to the Pacific. 12mo, made the deepest impression. flexible cloth, $1.00. D. Appleton & Company, Publishers New York City :: THE DIAL A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information. I. PAGE . > Pierce . .. THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of A YEAR OF CONTINENTAL each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, postage prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries LITERATURE. comprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must be added. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or In pursuance of our custom of several years' postal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO CLUBS and standing, we have summarized for this and the for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application ; and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATES furnished succeeding issue of THE DIAL the reports made on application. All communications should be addressed to to the London" Athenæum” by the foreign THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. correspondents of that journal, upon the liter- ary history of the last twelvemonth in the sev- eral countries of Continental Europe. Our No. 339. AUGUST 1, 1900. Vol. XXIX. acknowledgments are once more due to our English contemporary for the material herewith CONTENTS. presented. The reports for the present year include twelve countries, the only noticeable A YEAR OF CONTINENTAL LITERATURE-I. 65 omissions being Greece, Portugal, and Sweden. We present our summary by countries, in COMMUNICATION. 70 Who Are the English People ? Alfred Nutt. alphabetical order, following the example set by the “ Athenæum." CHINA AND THE CHINESE. Wallace Rice ... 71 Professor Paul Fredericq writes of Belgium, The Chinese Empire, Past and Present. - Miss Seid- and begins with mention of E. Banning's more's China, the Long-Lived Empire.-Colquhoun's posthumous “Réflexions Morales et Poli- “ Overland to China. --Smith's Village Life in China. tiques.” The author was a diplomat and a THEOCRACY AND DEMOCRACY. James Oscar student of political science, not unlike Laveleye 74 in the range of his interests. THE SCOPE OF RELIGIOUS DISCUSSION. John “ The French poets and prose authors of Belgium Bascom 76 who enjoy a reputation outside their country are becom- Hall's The Social Meaning of Modern Religious ing naturalized in France in increasing numbers. MM. Movements in England.-Paine's A Critical History Maeterlinck, Camille Lemonnier, Eeckhoud, and Roden- of the Evolution of Trinitarianism.-Pullan's History bach - the last died at Paris last year — have even of the Book of Common Prayer.-Pratt's The State settled in the French capital, which now sends forth and the Church.-Merrill's Faith and Sight.-Ethics their books instead of Ghent or Brussels or Antwerp. and Religion.- Iverach's Theism.-Coe's The Spir- M. Lemonnier has published two novels, . Une Femme itual Life. - Spence's Back to Christ. — Gladden's and "Au Ceur Frais de la Forêt'; M. Maeterlinck How Much is Left of the Old Doctrines ? - Jagger's continues his series of philosophical compositions with The Personality of Truth.-Huntington's Personal Religious Life in the Ministry.-Royce's The Concep- • Le Mystère de la Justice.' A collection of Roden- tion of Immortality.- Clarke's Man and his Divine bach's work has appeared under the title of · L'Elite,' Father. – Robbins's An Essay Toward Faith.- containing the portraits of the authors and artists of Urmy's Christ Came Again. - Hutton's The Crown the day whom he considered the best." of Christ. In Belgium, we are told, “the theatre lives BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS 78 almost entirely on pieces from France." There Literature as revealing life. - Christian philosophy are, however, a few Belgian pieces, the most and civic needs. - Hotel de Rambouillet and the important of them being “ Le Cloître," by M. Précieuses. — Persistent features of the French con- stitutional life. – Croquet, properly so call - En- Verhaeren. A work of timely interest is the glish abbeys and cathedrals. — A genial idler among • Pays des Boers ” of M. Leclercq, who visited South Africa just before the war. In their BRIEFER MENTION. 80 "Controverse Transvaalienne," MM. Abel and Christophe “have gathered the arguments for NOTES 81 both sides as they appear to Belgians,” where TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS. the Boers are generally favored by public 82 opinion. M. Henri Pirenne's “Histoire de. LIST OF NEW BOOKS . 82 | Belgique,” now published in French, has made - - . - - men. . . . > . . 66 (Aug. 1, THE DIAL a considerable sensation, although it has not passes this year into the hands of a new society consist- got beyond the fourteenth century. There are ing of the foremost men in the literary and financial world.” many other contributions to national history besides this. In Flemish literature nothing The plays which have made the most stir have very remarkable seems to have been published, been Mr. Svoboda's “ Passion Flowers” and unless we except “Te Lande," a volume of “The Uprooted Oak," and Mr. Hilbert's “ The sketches by Mr. Cyriel Buysse. Exiles," which has been published but not yet “ Flemish literature, which began by being at first produced. merely popular and poetical, is gradually becoming The report from Denmark is contributed by learned. The professors of our universities are begin- Dr. Alfred Ipsen, who says, among other ning to write their books in their mother tongue. The Flemish even dream of forming at Ghent a uni: things, that a new collected edition of Dr. versity of their own, like the Slav University the Czechs Brandes has just been published ; that Profes- of Bohemia have had for some years at Prague. What- sor Hansen is bringing out a second edition of ever comes of the scheme, no one can deny that the his monumental “ History of Danish Litera- level of Flemish literature is gradually but surely rising ture”; that Herr Julius Clausen is editing a year by year.” literary history of the world on a plan similar Finally, mention is made of two small works to that of the English series in charge of Pro- interesting to English scholars — “ The En- fessor Gosse; and that a large new “ History glish Faust-Book of 1592," edited by Professor of the Danish Kingdom,” by many hands, is Logeman; and “ Was Dachte Shakespeare now in course of publication. Herr Drach- über Poesie ?" by M. Paul Hamelius. mann's “ Hellige Ild" (Sacred Fire), written Mr. V. Tille, writing of Bohemia, begins by during his American sojourn, is probably the saying : most noteworthy literary production of the “In all branches of mental activity, Bohemia is mak- year. “Carit Etlar," not long before his ing fresh starts, energetic attempts at novel forms and death, published a story of old-time Norway developments. The older generation is passing away, people who in their day have done their duty in different entitled “ Björneæt,” highly romantic in color- departments of science and literature; but we are stilling and treatment. Herr Skjoldborg's “Krage- waiting for a man capable of shaping something new huset” “presents a picture of peasant life on out of the chaos of modern tendencies. For this reason the western coast of Jutland. He knows the also, the majority of our authors' tendencies are char- acterized by general rather than by individual qualis being himself settled among them as a teacher.” peasants there as scarcely any other man does, ties, and only very few books rise above the average level.” Other works of fiction are “Lykke-Peer," by In serious writing, mention is made of some Herr Pontoppidan, which is largely autobio. works on the development of civilization and of graphical ; “ The Sins of the People,” by Mr. art, besides studies in literary criticism, such as Gyrithe Lemche, which treats of a delicate Mr. Vrchlicky's “ Chapters on Recent French subject, but not with sensational intent; and Fiction," and Mr. Vlcek's “ History of Our “ Before the Portal of Death," by Herr Ed- Poetry.” But in general, “ literary criticism vard Egeberg, “ a most serious and momentous shows a great lack of depth and elaboration, effort.” In verse, Herr E. Blaumüller, a cler- yet at the same time plenty of cursory studies gyman, has published a volume “ in which a and interesting struggles between the several whole cycle of songs is devoted to Spinoza.' tendencies of our younger writers. A large “I must first consider various theatrical systematic work on the history of universal pieces of the year,” says M. Jules Pravieux, literature is in preparation, but as yet nothing writing of French literature. can be said about its execution.” Literature “ We are tired, quite tired, of the brutal or bitter or is summarized in a few such sentences immoral sort of piece. This style has become dreadfully proper commonplace. To do realism justice, it has rendered as the following: a real service to letters: it has done away with the cult “ The older authors who have already secured hon- of the vaudeville, which has had so many faithful fol. ourable places in the history of our literature remain lowers since Scribe was its chief propbet. We have quiet, and are mostly occupied in publishing collections learnt to despise ingenious combinations, elaborate im- of their own works. A kind of fiction cultivated broglios. People have, it appears, an increasing fond- in Bohemia with uncommon predilection is the tale of ness for ideas at the theatre — ideas belonging to popular life, embracing scenes from the life of Bohe- psychology, morals, philosophy, sociology. I will not mian peasantry, directly drawn from different parts of go so far as to say that the French theatre is confined the country. . . . Dramatic literature is now on the to idealism. The statement would be untrue, and this eve of a new era caused by the change in the working chronicle of the chief pieces will have to notice attempts of the national theatre in Prague. The management of quite a different sort." . 1900.] 67 THE DIAL success. > 6 Faubourg : The first can be without hesitation recks Th “ Les Maris de Léontine," by M. Capus, and " Fleurs de Corail," by M. Maurice Olivaint; “ Le Père Naturel,” by MM. Dupré and Char- “Fleurs d'Hiver," by M. Armand Silvestre; ton, are pieces in the style of refined vaude- “ Au Champs et au Foyer," by M. Achille ville, but they stand out as rather exceptional. Million; “La Bretagne Enchantée," by M. A few problem plays are briefly characterized. Paul Sebillot; and “ La Charmille d'Or,” by M. Bruyère, in the piece called En Paix," M. A. Joubert. “ attacks the law on the confinement of the “Our century is so infatuated with the novel that it insane,” but makes of his theme " a deep-dyed is not strange to see novelists multiplying at a rate melodrama.” really frightful. . . . One fact is evident, for every year brings fresh proof of it: there is no school, a fact “M. Jacques Normand leads us to calmer regions. which cannot be regretted. Every one goes his own The problem he has intended to study in · La Douceur de Croire' is this: · Have you the right to destroy faith way — follows his ideal, his own bent, as he chooses. if you have nothing to put in its place? Reasoning is Every one is innovating or imitating as his innate tem- perament or his lively affection directs.” powerless to resolve problems whose essential elements are beyond reason. . . M. Brieux in · La Robe Rouge' M. Bourget is becoming a moralist rather than proves once more his lively gifts. He has exhibited in a psychologist. some scenes of real power the distortions of soul in a magistrate due to the professional spirit. M. Brieux “The time has come when simple undiluted state- ments of fact do not satisfy him. The study of the in all bis pieces puts before one the most pressing social human heart leaves an uneasiness, and as by living near and moral problems of the day with a keen sense of life, and his boldness is almost always crowned with the sick one gets the desire to care for them, the psy- He despises the common proceedings by chologist is being moved with pity for the poor suffering souls whose wounds he examined at first with mere cu- which authors in vogue capture the applause of the gallery. . . . M. Hermant also looks out for 'actual' riosity. Having seen souls suffer, he attempts to cure them with beliefs." subjects. He has given us • L'Empreinte' and Le These statements are illustrated by M. Bour. oned a "pièce à thèse. L'Empreinte belongs to the get's “ Drames de Famille.” daily increasing list of pieces against divorce. If one “ Nor do the brothers Margueritte, in their novel wished to be ironical, it would be pleasant to observe Femmes Nouvelles,' aim at merely amusing their how the dramatists, after having advertised divorce, readers. They wish to oblige them to verify and cor- now seem to exert a keenness in fighting against it as rect some of the gravest errors, some of the worst in- great as the energy, audacity, and enthusiasm with justices, of our contemporary civilization. So their which they celebrated its benefits. . . . Since the extra- book, before being a work of art, is a social work." ordinary success of Cyrano,' a passionate curiosity fol- lows the works of M. Rostand. In • L'Aiglon' he has M. Barrés, in “L'Appel au Soldat,” has con- resolutely left fiction alone, and the methods of Dumas tinued the theme of his « Déracinés." M. the elder and Victor Hugo. His idea is, in a series of Rod's latest novel, “ Au Milieu du Chemin," well-chosen scenes, to bring out the real figure of the son of Napoleon. He has made up for the absence of studies “the important question of the respon- incident by a strong precise psychological analysis, thus sibility of the man of letters. The book' de- imitating the great classics. M. Rostand has written rives a great beauty from the gravity of the an unequal, but splendid work, full of pathetic beauty, subject alone, but the novel spoils the moral with a breath, at times, of Victor Hugo's epic genius. treatment.' M. Marcel Prévost, in Frédér- If he sins in any direction, it is in excessive facility, in the over-use of comparison and metaphor.” ique" and "Léa,” has attacked the “ question " The tendencies of the poets are not very feministe" --" his characters are thrown into clearly defined,” we are told. strong relief by his dramatic power, and their “ Their common aim seems to be to put ideas into experiences are vividly related.” Of M. Zola's poetry, but broad ideas which are the expression of the “ Fécondité" we are told that most intimate personality, which render the deep vibra- “One cannot help admiring the extraordinary powers of tions resulting from being in contact with things and his imagination, the gift he has of creating great wholes, faced by the great enigma of life. The evolution of of painting crowds of stirring people all alive, thrilled, versification is going on. The romantic reform is being carried away by great movements, roused by great agita- completed by the banishment of the last traces of tions to revolt. His novel is a poem, a highly realistic cæsura of the hemistich in the verses which are not ex- poem. Its descriptions are intense, brilliant, winding off pressly formed on the classical type. The aim is to into visions. It moves towards the organization of a vast make verse still more supple, and capable of finer, more allegory, disengaging more or less confusedly a social con- clearly expressive, harmonies.” ception whose chief merit is not originality. The novel The most noteworthy volumes of recent poetry of M. Zola gives me a chance to note once more that the realist school, of which he is the chief, has seen its day. are “ La Beauté de Vivre,” by M. Fernand The preferences of young men entering letters are not Gregh; “ Les Médailles d'Argile," by M. for the literary doctrines of M. Zola, and few are the Henri de Régnier; “Berthe aux Longs Pieds,” books which can be referred to realism, if one prefers by M. André Rivoire ; “ La Légende Aileé de naturalism." Wieland le Forgeron,” by M. Viélé Griffin; 1 A few other novels are “La Double Maî. . > 68 [Aug. 1, THE DIAL tresse,” by M. de Régnier ; “ La Romance du osophie d'Auguste Comte,” by M. Lévy-Brubl. Temps Présent,” by M. Léon Daudet; “ La Two books of interest to English readers are Princesse de Lerne," by M. Ernest Daudet; “Les Milliardaires Américains," by M. F. de “Au Cæur Frais de la Forêt," by M. Lem- Norvins, and “ Newman et le Mouvement d'Ox- onnier; “Claudette,” by M. Theuriet; and ford,” by M. Thureau-Dangin. This year bas “ Sous la Tyrannie,” by M. A. Filon. In lit- also seen the appearance of the first volume of erary criticism, much praise is given to M. de a long-awaited life of Louis Veuillot, by his Wyzewa for his persistent endeavor to make brother. the French public acquainted with the modern " At the end of this review the leading idea to be works of other literatures. M. Ehrbard's work discovered in the literary effort of the year might be a on Grillparzer and the Austrian theatre is com- subject for inquiry. Tendencies are confused, and the result of all this agitation and preparation of all sorts mended, as well as M. Rébelliau's study of may be asked. If I can trust an eminent critic and Bossuet. M. Emile Faguet continues the best authority, it is now all over with scientific literature, traditions of French criticism. only an artistic literature can be produced. To-day it is all over with naturalism, as it was forty years ago with “He seems to steer clear carefully of general theo- ries, mere erudition, and anecdotes. He presents curi- romanticism, and seventy years ago with classicism. The literature of the future will be a naturalism wid. ous studies of minds. His one aim is to distinguish and define the moral existences which are revealed by works, ened by being reformed out of certain romantic and and all these mixtures of temperaments, intelligence, especially classic elements, a synthesis, as it were, of the three doctrines of art which our literature has and affections are analyzed by him with fine precision. evolved since the Renaissance." He has published this year two important works, • L'Histoire de la Littérature Française 'and Politiques The persistence of the romantic tendency is et Moralistes du XIXème Siècle. The former is nota- the keynote of Herr Ernst Heilborn's account ble for immense learning, originality of view, abundance of the German literature of the past year. of ideas, and, above all, lucidity, wonderful distinctness of exposition." “ Literary tendencies come and go, but that romantic undercurrent is enduring. What is designated as lit- Memoirs of the First Empire abound this year erature and, dubbed as the spirit of the age,' fills up as usual, and include a new volume by M. the pages of our histories of literature is, after all, only Frédéric Masson. M. Albéric Neton devotes the property of a few cultured persons. The great mass of the people, at any rate in Germany, remain a thorough study to “Sieyès.” M. Aulard untouched by it. They continue to lead their own intel- has written a “ Histoire Politique de la Révo- lectual life; and only those writers who strike the lution Française.” M. Victor du Bled has notes that find an echo in the popular range of feeling written a volume on "La Société Française du are able to conquer this tough and unwieldy mass, and XVIème au XXème Siècle.” For M. Ana- 80 win their way to the people.' Now and then it happens that this undercurrent, which regularly reveals tole France, history is once again a muse, as itself in the back-staircase novels and stories of the she used to be when she charmed young hu- people, extends its dominion over literature proper - manity. In his book · Clio' the past is exactly of course, in some higher and purer manifestation. Or and scrupulously revived as imagination pic- else the same mood may prevail among the cultured tures it, and as it really was, without, however, feelings . Such a period seems at hand. Unless all the and the masses, though with different effects on the losing the distinct charm of things death has signs are deceptive, we are steering towards a new sheltered from the ravages of time. Clearly romanticism.” under history must also be included Victor The indications of this drift are numerous, Hugo's posthumous • Choses Vues,' of which among them being the two here mentioned : a new volume has been brought out by the ex- “ Next winter a theatre is to be opened in Berlin de- ecutors of the poet." Philosophy is represented voted principally, if not exclusively, to a new romantic by numerous works, among which M. Fouil- movement. Quite lately a series of lectures was given lée's “ La France au Point de Vue Moral ” is in one of the artistic salons of Berlin, with the expressed of the first importance. object of paving the way for interest in and compre- hension of romantic art. “In it he studies the press, politics, and religion, he The drama occupies the forefront of the present inquires what this great word decadence,' which we utter so lightly, means. He puts at the end of his long discussion, and Herr Heilborn presents unusu- study the remedies for the ills he has exhibited, attach-. ally interesting summaries of the important ing special importance to the grave question of national plays of the year. education. It is the work of a thinker and a moralist." “Gerhart Hauptmann's latest work, the farce Other books in this department are « Les • Schluck und Jau,' deals with quite a romantic sub- Causes Sociales de la Folie,” by M. G. L. ject, familiar from one of the stories in the Arabian Duprat ; “ Recherches sur l’Esthétique et la Nights' as well as one of the plays by the Danish dram- atist Holberg; still more familiar in the Introduction Morale,” by M. Durand de Gros; and La Phil- " to Shakespeare's • Taming of the Shrew. Two tipsy 6 > 6 > > a 1900.] 69 THE DIAL 6 9 > - - . > tramps in the familiar instances there is only one • Passionate love for German nationality and patriotic are carried to a castle by a merry hunting party, and sentiment, for pure doctrine and unfettered belief, en- one of them on awakening from his fit of intoxication thusiasm for the capacity for enthusiasm, animates the is made to fancy himself the lord. His companion has whole play. Even the dramatic situation depends on to play the part of his consort and to deceive his com- it. Erasmus of Rotterdam appears as the cool, scep- rade, who is the dupe. . . . In sharp contrast to the tical critic; Hutten, at first his friend, is the enthusiast. broken-down drunkard are the members of the hunting Erasmus's daughter is naturally her father's true child, party; on their behalf Hauptmann bas for the first time all reason and calm calcnlation; it is her love for Hut- invented a dignified yet characteristic style, abounding ten that effects the great transformation in her. As in metaphor; even in the · Versunkene Glocke’ there his mistress she follows him into banishment and misery. was too great a tendency to allusiveness.” At last the score has to be settled between his daughter and Erasmus, now grown an old man. Then she, the Herr Max Halbe’s new play, “ Das Tausend- disgraced and abandoned in the eyes of the world, re- jährige Reich," has for its subject “the old nounces him, and breaks her staff over him." dream that Christ would come again to estab- Herr Heyse, at the age of seventy, has written lish an earthly kingdom of happiness and a “Neues Märchenbuch," which is called the gentle peace — a conception which Christian- best product of his old age. The “tales are ity has taken over as a legacy from Judaism." simple and unpretending, some of them only The author “plants this dream in the heart of fresh versions or interpretations of old fairy a man of the people, a village blacksmith. tales ; but there is unusual grace in their form, While famine prevails in the land and revolu- and they are pervaded by a peculiar restrained a tionary bands are stirring up strife -- for this humour accompanied by a tinge of sadness.” is the year 1848 — this village blacksmith col- Herr P. K. Rosegger's novel, “ Erdsegen,” lects a company of tbe faithful, to await the takes us to a peasant's cottage among the au- coming of the Lord.” In Herr Ludwig thor's native mountains, and draws a sharp and Fulda's “ Das Schlaraffenland," too didactic contrast between the patriarchal “ An apprentice to whom reality refuses all that his existence on mountain heights and life in a heart desires, and grants him only the objects of his aversion, enters Lazyland (Schlaraffenland) in a dream. great city.” There he meets with all his coveted delights — sweet “ The same civilization which Rosegger desires to banish from his world becomes in Adolf Wilbrandt a dreams and pretty girls. He even attains the honour of a throne in Lazyland. But in the midst of his bliss refined intellectual culture, the force that sustains life. he discovers that work is a condiment which even the Wilbrandt, another distinguished representative of the sweetest of dainties cannot dispense with. He tries to older generation in our literature, delights in depicting introduce work into Lazyland, and this leads to terrible as the leading figure of his stories an ideal of free, disturbances, so that he is glad enough to wake up intellectual, ethical manhood, such as he cherishes in his own heart." once more in the reality he had despised.” He has published two stories, “ Erika" and Herr Georg von Ompteda is the author of “Wörth,” a one-act piece “which satisfies the “ Das Kind,” which embody this ideal. most exacting demands in its simple and poetic “ Thekla Ludekind,” by Herr W. von Polenz, , “ is an educational romance, of the kind that expression.” Compared with this little piece, • Wilhelm Meister' made popular in German “The play which is regarded as the great dramatic success of the year, Max Dreyer's • Probekandidat,' ap- literature, a book in which life itself plays the pears somewhat thread bare. It owed its success to its part of the educator." 'purpose,' and this is laudable enough, but, like every “ The book is good, as marking an advance, not only other purpose, it tends to injure what is the chief aim in Polenz's own development, but also in the present of all art, the purely human interest; in fact, it is truth position of our fiction as a whole. The same may be that suffers. A young teacher during his probationary even more emphatically asserted of Georg von Omp- period expounds Darwinian views to the highest class teda's novel · Eysen.' Polenz bases his picture on the in the natural history lesson. The school comes under individual fortunes of one person, while Ompteda's clerical influence, the head master is a time-server, and · Eysen 'rests on a broader basis. The book bears the the young probationer is called upon to retract his state- characteristic sub-title · Deutscher Adel um 1900,' and ments in a public lesson. The pressure of domestic describes the fortunes of a whole family, the von circumstances compels him to consent; but when it | Eysens; but though the interest is equally directed to a comes to the point, and he looks into the clear eyes of variety of figures, artistic unity is by no means lacking." his pupils, the truth overwhelms him with irresistible Herr Detlev von Liliencron has this year pub- force, and instead of retracting, he confirms his pre- vious statements with greater emphasis. He is dismissed, lished a few new poems in the collection, he loses his sweetheart, but in his heart he feels a sense " Nebel und Sonne.” of victory, and the play ends with an epigram.” “ He possesses a warm masculine temperament which Herr von Wildenbrach's new historic tragedy, head against life pervades the elegiac atmosphere; and carries one away; a daring humour which can make “Die Tochter des Erasmus," is thus charac- when his poems originate in mystic sentiment this mys terized : ticism springs from true nature feeling. . . . There i a 6 a a 70 [Aug. 1, THE DIAL " 6 1 1 -- ! a curious contradiction about his moods, but no matter In the same paragraph, you continue: “To come what their character, their effect is genuine.” nearer our own day, what sort of showing must Tommy Other volumes of poetry are by Fräulein Anna Atkins proper (though outnumbering his foes four to one) have made against the hardy South African ranch- Ritter and Herr Carl Spitteler. In literary man without the support of the Scotch and Irish and criticism and miscellany, mention is made of Colonials ? " In the first place, if you deduct Scotch Professor Grimm's “ Fragmente," of Fräulein and Irish and Colonial troops from the British forces Ricarda Huch's " Aus der Frühzeit der Ro- the residue does not outnumber the Boer forces " four to mantik," of Herr Julius Rodenberg's “Jugen- one,” however low an estimate be made of the latter. In the second place, it is quite illusory to imagine that derinnerungen,” and of Ludwig Bamberger's the territorial designations of our regiments imply ex- posthumous “ Erinnerungen.” At the close of clusive connection with different localities. There are his discussion, the author reverts to his key. Londoners in Highland regiments, there are Irishmen note, and says : and Highlanders in South “ English ” regiments. But thirdly (and this is a simple matter of fact) there has “ A new romantic movement is making way in art. been no such distinction as you imply between the dif- Whether it will bear fruit who shall say? Yet to me it ferent regiments ; the errors of conduct have been seems to originate in an awakening desire for greater spread over the same area - and that the whole of the depth and thoughtfulness, and the longing that still army - as the excellences of conduct. The “cockney” seeks timidly and hesitatingly for expression is a holi- whom you decry (without, if I may urge, knowing any- day yearning after inner contemplation. If this be so, the fruits cannot fail to appear.' thing about him) has fought quite as well as the man from Devon, or Tipperary, or Carnarvon, or Lanark, or Rosshire; just as well, but no better, and at times be has had to put up with nasty reverses equally with his “rural” or “Celtic" comrade. As a matter of COMMUNICATION. fact, the “cockney” is by no means so largely repre- sented in the ranks of the British army as you seem WHO ARE THE ENGLISH PEOPLE? to think,- more's the pity, perhaps, as he is, like the (To the Editor of TAE DIAL.) Parisian, a first-class fighting man, making up in ner- May I take exception to a passage which I note in vous energy what he lacks in stamina. your issue of June 1 (pp. 442-443) in a paragraph One more point: You speak the « ludicrous failure entitled “The Fighting Englishman”? The passage is of the English attempt to raise in the rural districts a as follows: “ Dr. Fitchett's own pages must often enough corps of rough riders' on the American model." You traverse the assumption of his title [. How England are misinformed on this matter. The attempt has not saved Europe '] by showing how often, during the been a failure. The “ Yeomanry” raised in all parts of Napoleonic wars, it was not the English, but the Celts, the British Isles (it was the Irish corps which has suf- the Scotch and Irish contingents of the British forces, fered the chief reverse that has befallen this branch of that did the bulk of the fighting.” This criticism would the forces) bas done excellent service and shown itself only be justified if the word English had in Dr. Fitch- fully the equal of the American “Rough Riders.” The ett's work a racial significance opposed to the word Celt. latter were doubtless a gallant set of men and did their It has not, nor has it in current usage; it connotes, on duty nobly; but you must pardon my pointing out that the contrary, all the inhabitants of the British Isles- they had to face an enemy pour rire, and that they, at not merely those of the country south of the Cheviots least once, got themselves, as volunteer troops will, and west of Offa's Dyke. It is as justifiable, historically, into such a position that, bad they been opposed by ca- in this sense as the term French, which connotes popu- pable sharpshooters like the Boers, scarcely a man lation without a drop of Frankish blood in their veins, would have escaped. I am convinced that the Rough – population speaking Celtic and Germanic languages, Riders would have borne themselves as bravely at Spion as well as population speaking a very different form of Kop or at Gettysburg as they did at Santiago; in either Romance from that known as French; population, I may case they would have been exterminated, or they would add, which within a very recent historical period were have had to fall back, just as Pickett's magnificent bitterly opposed to the hegemony of France proper. corps bad to do. The American army has such a superb All modern nations are amalgams; it is practically history of real fighting that it seems inadvisable to impossible to devise a name which shall express every dwell overmuch upon the military promenade in Cuba. element of the amalgam; it is inevitable that that ele- May I add that, although an Englishman in the nar- ment which takes the lead by virtue of position, supe- rower sense of the word, — nay, a cockney, and one who rior energy, and superior wealth (of all kinds), should glories in the name,- I have for twenty years urged, impose its name. In the present case your criticism is in season and out of season, the importance of recog- the more unfortunate because it was England in the nizing and fostering every element in our mixed British narrow sense in which you take the term rather than population. In especial I have extolled and vindicated England in the larger sense (i. e., the British Isles) in the importance of the Celtic element. Nor have I other which Mr. Fitchett takes it, which did “save Europe." than the warmest feeling for the English race in So far as the power of Napoleon was shattered by fight- America. I look upon Lincoln as the greatest man ing, it was shattered by sea-fighting, the partakers in produced by our common race in the nineteenth cen- which were almost entirely Englishmen in the narrower tury; and I do think that some of his greatness is due But, as a matter of fact, it was the policy of to the blood derived ultimately from the British Isles, stubborn and indomitable opposition to Napoleon, far and from that portion of it to which you incorrectly, more than the fighting by which it was supported, wbich would restrict the name England. ultimately won the day; and for this policy the specific- as I maintain ALFRED NUTT. ally English portion of the British Isles was responsible. London, July 7, 1900. " sense. 1900.) 71 THE DIAL she says: - a was once; and a certain amused contempt for The New Books. foreigners in general, and yellow-skinned for- eigners in particular, runs through her vivid CHINA AND THE CHINESE.* pages. She gives a lively picture of the life Of the four profusely illustrated books in diplomacy, and from it may be obtained con- led in Peking by Europeans connected with our present category, only one seems to have siderable light. Referring to the legations, been gotten out with any reference to the ex- isting eruption in China. The Reverend Doctor “ All these official European residences are main- Smith's highly interesting and instructive work tained on a scale of considerable splendor, and the bas been in print for several months ; Miss sudden transfers from the noisome streets to the beau- Scidmore's bright and prejudiced book is the tiful parks and garden compounds, the drawing-rooms result of her many journeys and residences in and ball-rooms, with their brilliant companies living and the newly roused country; while Mr. Colqu. the greatest contrasts and surprises of Peking. The amusing themselves exactly as in Europe, are among houn's instructive volume is the product of picked diplomats of all Europe are sent to Peking, paid long acquaintance with Oriental affairs, and high salaries, and sustained by the certainty of promo- has more diplomatic value than the others. tions and rewards after a useful term at Peking - all All of them, it may be added, make it apparent lead a narrow busy life among themselves, occupied but the American minister. . . . The diplomats in exile that one sees in China much that one wishes to with their social amusements and feuds, often well see, and correction of the personal equation is satisfied with Peking after their first months of disgust, more than ordinarily needful if the truth is to resentment, and homesickness, and even becoming sensi- be ascertained approximately, the realities be- tive to any criticism or disparagement of the place. neath the life of the Chinese remaining largely European diplomacy have been transplanted to Peking, “For the nearly forty years that the fino flowers of unexplored through ethnical miscomprehen- they have been content to wallow along this filthy Lega- sions. tion Street, breathing its dust, sickened with its mud “ The Chinese Empire, Past and Present,” stenches, the highway before their doors a general sewer is a book of encyclopædic scope. Many sources and dumping ground for offensive refuse of every kind. ...We are here on sufferance, you know,' said the are drawn upon for a knowledge of the Middle meek and lowly diplomats. We must not offend Kingdom which is felt to be necessary in the Chinese prejudices. Moreover, all the legations would present crisis. General Tcheng-Ki-Tong, Mili- not subscribe to an attempted improvement fund, nor tary Attaché to the Imperial Chinese Legation light, pave, and drain Legation Street -- that jealousy all unite in demanding that the Chinese should clean, in Paris; the Very Reverend John Henry Gray, of the great powers so ironically termed the Concert of — Archdeacon of Hong Kong; the Reverend Europe' as much to blame for the sanitary situation in William C. Milne, with some less well-known one corner of Peking as for affairs in Crete and Ar- persons, have been quoted extensively. The menia.” third chapter of the book brings the history of It is evident that Miss Scidmore has a the country down to the immediate present, hearty disgust for policies which lead the Eu- while the other chapters contain the elementary ropean ministers to bumiliate themselves for facts respecting the people and their customs the sake of gaining a slight temporary advan- which are taken for granted by the other tage for their countries respectively, through writers under consideration. It will be found their complaisance. Here, Mr. Colquhoun useful for those newly interested in the subject, brings more positive information to aid in an but it sheds little light on the causes now at understanding of the situation, which will be work to overthrow the whites and their recently referred to presently. acquired possessions. For Li Hung Chang, Miss Scidmore enter- Miss Scidmore, the author of “China, the tains a real hostility. It is difficult to fathom Long-Lived Empire,” is possessed of a bouyant Chinese methods at best, but no light is given Americanism which is not as common as it by such a statement as this : “ The Russians chose Li Hung Chang, who had * THE CHINESE EMPIRE, PAST AND PRESENT. By General served them well before, and deserved a reward and an Techeng-Ki-Tong, John Henry Gray, M.A., LL.D., and Others. Chicago : Rand, McNally & Co. incentive for the future [to attend the Tsar's coronation CHINA, THE LONG-LIVED EMPIRE. By Eliza Ruhamah ceremonies). The Manchu enemies of the grand secre- Soidmore. New York: The Century Co. tary, who hated him for the disasters attending the war OVERLAND TO CHINA. By Archibald R. Colquhoun. Now (with Japan) he had protested against their inviting, York: Harper & Brothers. hailed the idea of his going abroad. During his ab- VILLAGE LIFE IN CHINA: A Study in Sociology. By sence they expected to undermine him thoroughly, never Arthur H. Smith, D.D. Chicago: The Fleming H. Revell dreaming of the honors and distinction to be accorded Company. the Grand Old Man of China,' the absurdities of adu- 6 72 [Aug. 1, THE DIAL ation which all Europe and America were to heap upon ried on. Many Russians, indeed, more advanced in a deposed and discredited provincial governor, a Chinese their views, already include Tientsin and Chefoo (that politician out of a job. They were dumfounded and is to say, the whole Gulf of Pechihli), and even Peking, chagrined when reports of Li's triumphal progress ... The alignment of the railway has been several reached China, and the cry was raised that the great times shifted farther and farther to the southwest, tourist was assuming honors due a sovereign. . . . The following the rapid succession of diplomatic achieve- United States, not first among Chinophile countries ments.” certainly, and whose regularly accredited ministers at Peking bave received but the scantiest hospitality and From the general tone of the book it is evi- very little courtesy from the individuals directing the dent that the author holds Great Britain and the United States to have been hoodwinked in United States gold entertaining this passed politician the game of grab by the zealous agents of the and ex-office-holder, and fairly outdid Europe in its abject attitude before this great hypnotizer.” Tsar, — joining the American cause with that of the British quite as a matter of course. He It is perhaps unfair to criticize the instruc- shows that Manchuria, set down as worthless tion conveyed in a book which is certainly by the deluded British, is worth as much as intended to be entertaining. Miss Scidmore is at her best in describing visits of ceremony regarded as an earthly paradise by the Russians Canada for purposes of development, and is to some Manchu ladies of the court or to the from the arctic North. A glance at the map family of a provincial magnate of the Chinese will show what its possibilities are by way of race. The book is a beautiful one, and reada- advance, — the Russians at Tsien Wei, on the ble in every sense. great highway, being less than two hundred Mr. Colquhoun, whose “China in Trans- miles from the Chinese capital. The very formation " will be recalled as a luminous book, possession of Mukden, the ancient seat of the is an indefatigable traveller and newspaper Manchu power, gives the Tsar a prestige in correspondent, and formerly held rank in the the minds of the Chinese which is dangerous to administration of affairs in Burmah and Ma- the reigning family — though the present de- shonaland. He has recently made the long and termination of the long oppressed natives to arduous overland journey from Russia proper rule themselves has apparently overthrown through Siberia to Peking, leaving the line of every European calculation, Russia's with the , the new transcontinental railway, and forming rest. estimates of Manchuria and other recently ac- Though recent events vitiate many of Mr. quired Russian possessions which overthrow Colquhoun's conclusions respecting Chinese established opinions and indicate how rapidly partiality for Russia, even to the point where the Tsar has been developing the deep and the reader will suspect the author of exaggera- extensive policy of his imperial predecessors. tion for the sake of awakening Great Britain A most instructive account of the vast sweep of to a realization of the facts, many of his sen- the Cossack pioneers of empire through Asia tences are illuminating, -as, for example, serves as an introduction to the sudden acqui. these, taken from different portions of the book: sition of Port Arthur, which brings to a fitting “ China has now passed into such a condition that close the Siberian policy of the Russians by indifference is no longer possible for her, neither will it furaishing them with an unfrozen port on the be long possible for us. It is preëminently true in Pacific. But Manchuria and Liao Tung, China that whoever is not for Britain is against her, though they enable the rulers of Muscovy to and the alternative must soon be faced by the most consider one definite aim fully accomplished, ests of the British — and of the Anglo-Saxon race gen- reluctant of governments: shall they vindicate the inter- have only increased their appetite for more. As erally - vigorously, manfully, and straightforwardly, or Mr. Colquhoun says, with convincing logic: submit to their being completely crushed by the powers “ Attainment of the longed-for prize bas given an who are pressing forward their own claims to the entire added impetus of irresistible force to the ambition and exclusion of those of Britain ?” enterprise of the Russians. Sweeping the hand across “The policy of Germany in the Far East is, and must the map southward as far as the Great Wall, . All that be, dependent on the basis of her world-policy - a good is ours!' they exclaim in astonishment, contemplating understanding with Russia — and it is idle for the British their extraordinary windfall; and they are hastening to to expect Germany, now the neighbor of Russia in Asia, take full advantage of their good fortune, as is evi- as in Europe, to depart from that programme. Her denced by the phenomenal activity recently witnessed policy, like that of Japan, is opportunist, but, unlike at Port Arthur, Talienwan, and in the Hinterland, where Japan, she is committed by force of circumstances to many thousands of Cossacks and large bodies of Chinese Russia.” are employed on fortifications, barbors, and railways, “The most cursory glance at any map, showing the and by the increased zeal and energy with which the railway schemes and spheres of influence or interest, or construction of the trans-Siberian railway is being car- whatever they may be called, of foreign powers, must - - 1900.) 73 THE DIAL a a shatter any belief in a responsible or organic govern- abject misery and want. The entire possessions of great ment in China. The trail of the foreigner is on the numbers of the people would not amount in value to land from north to south. The Western powers have five dollars, and thousands of persons never know whence come to stay, and the extension of the present spheres the next meal is to come. Such persons would in Eu- is merely a matter of time. Internally, the forces mak- ropean countries constitute what are called the dan- ing for rebellion on a grand scale are daily gaining gerous classes.' In China, unless their distress is extreme, strength, and, once they realize that no power exists to they do not mass themselves, and they seldom wage suppress them, will usurp in vast regions the office of war against society as a whole.” government." " A few small birds, and the common hare, seem to It is noteworthy that the price President constitute the objects most frequently shot, but except in the case of the limited number of those who make a Krueger said he would make England pay for business of securing such game to sell as a means of taking the Transvaal is growing larger with support, there are very few persons who devote their every day of British conquest in South Africa, energies to any form of hunting. Indeed, the instinct Mr. Colquhoun himself admitting the loss of which is said to lead the average Englishman to remark prestige the British name has suffered in the • It is a fine day, let us go and kill something,' is totally lacking in the Chinese." Far East through the war against the burghers. “To the intelligent foreigner, the most prominent The paltry gold of the Witwatersrand, most of fact in China is the poverty of its people. There are it owned on the Continent of Europe in any too many villages to the square mile, too many families event, seems to have effectually decoyed Britain to the village, too many mouths to the family. Where- away from her real imperial interests, which ever one goes, it is the same weary tale with intermina- ble reiteration. Poverty, poverty, poverty, always and are certain to suffer in China through the evermore poverty. The empire is broad, its unoccupied entente between Russia, France, and Germany. regions are extensive, and its undeveloped resources Just as the unorganized opposition of the Fili- undoubtedly vast. But in what way can these resources pino "savages” keeps the American imperialist be so developed as to benefit the great mass of the Chinese people ? By none with which we are acquainted from being anything more than a politician at or of which we can conceive, without a radical disturb- this time, with the certainty that the govern- ance of the existing conditions. The seething mass of ment is, like England's, powerless to protect over-population must be drawn off to the regions where its great commerce with China, so the imperial it is needed, and then only will there be room for the armies of the Empress of India are preoccupied lence sweep off millions of the population, but a few relief of those who remain. . . . War, famine, pesti- with spreading civilization among the Dutch, decades of peace seem to repair the ravages of the past, when they might be enjoying the spoils of piracy which are lost to sight, like battlefields covered with with those nations which talk less about Chris- wide areas of waving grain.” tianity and civilization and have a keener nose These are a few scattered excerpts from a for loot. book which should be read as a whole, one It is of the individual Chinaman, not of the which it is hard to overpraise. It is apparent nation, that the Reverend Doctor Arthur Smith that the Chinese dislike foreigners, but the treats in his “ Village Life in China,” and his dislike seems to spring from the active inter- panoramic volume shows how human the pig- vention of the conservative literary class in tailed Celestial is, all testimony of those who concrete examples, rather than to be based do not know him so well to the contrary not- upon anything more hostile than the dislike of withstanding. Doctor Smith writes from an ali ignorant folk for strangers. It is to be intimate knowledge, his work being both an learned that there are a million of native Ro- expansion and a supplement to his earlier man Catholics distributed through twenty-five “ Chinese Characteristics." He paints a suc bishoprics in China, with fifty thousand pro- cession of pictures, showing a patient and long- testants of all denominations, the Catholics suffering folk, whose struggle for mere exist being independent of European contributions ence has taken from them many of the finer either in men or money. Many other surprises qualities of humanity to leave them the very are contained in one or another of these books, exemplars of the earth for the ability to be which are all in a degree complementary of and content upon nothing. So overcrowded is the supplementary to one another. country, so honored from age to age the equiv- Yet, when all have been read and digested, alent of the scriptural injunction to increase there will be found something very baffling “ and multiply,” that no people can surpass the beneath all the information and speculation, Chinese for patience, for industry, and for bearing out to the full Doctor Smith's dictum, adaptability to hard conditions. Dr. Smith “ It is seldom safe to generalize in regard to says: anything in China." “ Poverty in China is often a synonym for the most WALLACE RICE. 74 [Aug. 1 THE DIAL a а or absurdities of the theocratic government, THEOCRACY AND DEMOCRACY.* nor sought to palliate or excuse them. His Though the title of Mr. Howe's book on summary statement, in the compass of a few “The Puritan Republic of the Massachusetts chapters, of the characteristics, habits, mode Bay” suggests to the reader, and was prob- of life, aims and plans of government of the ably suggested by, Mr. Goodwin's “ Pilgrim Puritans of the Bay Colony presents the whole Republic,” yet the comparison ends with the subject, in its various aspects, in convenient titles. Mr. Goodwin traced in a minute man- and succinct form. It is an admirable con- ner the development of what was indeed, from densation of the historical matter to which so first to last, the “ Pilgrim Republic.” Mr. many compendious volumes have been devoted. Howe could not exhibit a parallel process in Extenuating nothing, and setting down nothing Massachusetts Bay, for the process there was in either malice or prejudice, Mr. Howe dem. radically different from that in Plymouth. In- onstrates that there were merits even in this deed, he has not, in the contents of his book, system, which has bec system, which has become so far outgrown that illustrated his title. He has re-stated the de- no one now has any sympathy for it. The facts tails, in succinct and agreeable form, of the he has summarized, in his concluding chap- establishment of the Puritan Theocracy in the ters, tracing the “Genesis of a still greater Re- Bay Colony. Of his eighteen chapters, the public,” show clearly how the vigorous and eleventh closes with his account of the “ Fall trenchant democracy of Massachusetts became of the Theocracy.” In the succeeding chap- In the succeeding chap- the prototype and the inspirer of a democratic ters he traces the development, out of the the spirit of continental operation, and illustrate . ocratic system first established, of the principles the extent of our national indebtedness to the and practice of local representative government; rejected theocracy. and next the growth of the idea of federation, as The position of the Theocrats respecting re- exemplified in the association of the United ligious toleration is here stated with a dignified Colonies of New England. It is made plain in calmness. They did not pretend that heresy bis pages that the sturdy independence of the sh should be tolerated, even in themselves. They Massachusetts Bay colonists, which was so great maintained their own immunity from hostile ac- a factor in the American Revolution, grew up tion by the English government, “ not because on the ruins and after the fall of the theocracy. it had no right to punish men for advocating It was in spite of Puritanism, and in opposi- heretical views, but because their views were tion to its spirit and tendencies in government, not heretical”; and they asserted the right to that a popular representative system was devel- punish, as they did, those who held certain oped. The commonwealth utilized many of views, “because, as they believed, such views , the liberal ideas which had distinguished the were heretical, and dangerous to church and government of the Pilgrims ; but the influences state" (p. 256). So the Puritans are acquitted thus contributed by the Pilgrim Republic to of the common accusation of insincerity. the commonwealth into which it was merged “ Whatever else they were," says Mr. Howe, are not here given the prominence they deserve. “they were not hypocrites. They did not de- The republic in the Bay Colony, though pro- vour widows' houses and for a pretense make moted by many persons of Puritan antecedents long prayers” (p. 256). They possessed a and sympathies, was not a Puritan movement; a share of the intense intolerance of their age, and the title of Mr. Howe's book is misleading. 66 and of whatever there was heroic in it, the This contribution to Massachusetts history Puritans presented the highest types (p. is written in protest against the strictures of 258). So the author strives to retouch the the Brooks Adams school concerning the theo- gloomy portraits of the Puritan ministers crats, and with a desire to treat them fairly, which have been “ painted by Oliver and and to place honorably to their credit their Brooks Adams," and to remove the impression sturdiness, energy, and honesty. Mr. Howe "evidently sought to be conveyed by Mr. emulates the calmness and impartiality of Pal- Charles Francis Adams, that the Puritans frey, and seeks to recall criticism from the themselves were hypocritical, or at least incon- extreme views championed by our contempo- sistent” (p. 255). . rary Adamses. He has not veiled the excesses But with all his generosity of feeling for the accused colonists of the Bay, Mr. Howe *THE PURITAN REPUBLIC OF THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY IN NEW ENGLAND. By Daniel Wait Howe. Indianapolis : turns sharply against them when he comes The Bowen-Merrill Company. to consider their politics. In two chapters he > 1900.] 75 THE DIAL To ex- 9 traces chronologically the resistance of the to the crown, which were based in part on the Puritans of the Theocracy and of the statesmen same historical precedents as those cited by the of the Commonwealth to the attempted aggres. Bay colonists in 1646, would have no effect sions of the British Parliament, under the title upon our author, for they were only “ verbi- of “The Struggle for Independence." This age " when used by these Puritans. In all resistance, from as early as 1646 at least, down this, he seems to have taken his cue from Mr. to 1776, Mr. Howe stigmatizes as aiming really Brooks Adams, who, in his “Emancipation at independence, while covered with a thin of Massachusetts," demurs to the legal views veneer of pretended allegiance to the crown. of Mr. John Adams, expressed in 1776, as In his view, the constant assertions by the col- to the “nullity of the acts of Parliament" onists of such allegiance were as thoroughly against which he and his compatriots had so devoid of sincerity as were their religious as- earnestly protested (p. 302), and who thinks sertions in the view of the Adamses. the colonial clergy of 1646, in their statement ploit this view, that the Bay colonists were in of the colonial relations toward England, fact struggling for independence for a hundred wished “to enjoy the privileges and safe- and thirty years, seems to be one object of Mr. guards of British subjects without yielding Howe's book. It is certain," he says, “that “ “ obedience to British law” (p. 90). But even long before the end of the commonwealth " Mr. Brooks Adams, while he doubted the they entertained this idea. They admitted soundness of the legal views of his great an- only “ some shadowy sort of allegiance to Encestor, did not go on to criticize him as a hyp- gland,” and they did try to demonstrate how ocrite in pretending that independence was a “ a they could be independent and at the same second thought, but says, in the same thesis, time owe allegiance to England, but the ex- that not only Washington but Jefferson and periment was a failure” (p. 319). After the Adams were at first opposed to the idea of sep- accession of Charles II., their struggle is "seen aration from Great Britain (p. 347). more and more clearly" to be one for inde- The new historical theories of the modern pendence. The answers of the colonial gov- Adamses are hardly a safe guide for historians. ernment in 1681 to the complaints of the king Mr. John Adams, in his arguments in support were probably the best that could be de- of the constitutional position so carefully as- vised,” but Mr. Howe is not surprised that sumed by the American colonies under his they “were far from being satisfactory” to the guidance, successfully refuted the Parliament king. So he industriously convicts the colon- ary assumptions by precedents from British ists of a studied hypocrisy in politics, only historical and juridical sources, proved by equal in degree to that in religion of which those precedents the right of each colony to Mr. Adams convicts them, but of which we have its internal affairs, including taxation, have seen Mr. Howe acquit them. The fre- regulated by its own legislative assembly, and quent assertion of the Massachusetts leaders demonstrated the superior acquaintance of in the Revolution, that they, in common with American lawyers with the British constitution. a all the other colonists, aimed in the beginning, The pages of Mr. Howe's “Puritan Republic not at independence, but only at the preserva- ab abound with statements and arguments and tion of their rights under the British constitu- protests made by the colonists of whom he tion, was indeed hypocrisy most offensive, if writes, which evidence their ability, early and Mr. Howe's views are correct. late, as constitutional statesmen. He might It is plain that he has wholly failed to ap- well have selected this feature of their history prehend the position of the colonies, Massa- -namely, their struggle for their constitutional chusetts included, before the Declaration of rights — as illustrated in the citations he has , Independence, as to their constitutional rela- made from their deliverances, to be his special tions to the crown of Great Britain. This thesis. JAMES OSCAR PIERCE. appears from his assertion that the Bay colo- nists “ by their acceptance of the charter had A LONG-FORGOTTEN little book by William Penn enti- recognized the authority of England to levy tled "Some Fruits of Solitude,” first published in 1693, and collect taxes, one of the highest attributes has been reprinted by Messrs. Truslove, Hanson & Comba of sovereignty” (p. 355). The arguments of in dainty form, under the editorship of Mr. Edmund Gosse. The “Fruits" are in the form of detached re- John Adams and Thomas Jefferson as to the flections and maxims on the conduct of life, written position of the colonists as separate parts of somewhat in the manner of “ Poor Richard” and quite the British empire, and their several allegiance I deserving of a place on the shelf beside that worthy. 66 » 76 (Aug. 1, THE DIAL He also ap- sage of belief into what is known as the New Theol- THE SCOPE OF RELIGIOUS DISCUSSION.* ogy. A remarkable chapter in religious speculation The seventeen volumes in our present group of is discussed with ability and in a liberal spirit. recent religious discussions are pretty evenly divided The Rev. Leighton Pallan has given us a minute between discussions in which the historical or the historical sketch of the growth of the Book of Com. theoretical or the practical element respectively pre- mon Prayer, and of its relation to other similar dominates. We shall notice them in this general compilations. The work is made up of a series of order. There cannot readily be a more wholesome relatively trifling facts with no commanding views ; relation than that in which the theoretical is snugly and an intense interest in the subject itself is re- laid away between the historical and the practical. quired to make it readable. “The Social Meaning of Modern Religious Move- “ The State and the Church” is historical and ments in England” is an admirable book. The critical. It is popular in form, and is exceedingly purpose is comprehensive and historic, and is pur- discursive. It lacks that systematic, thorough, and sued with liberality of feeling and with insight. independent line of thought which would make it The author conceives clearly the immense import- valuable to the scholar. The book is strong! ance of the social and religious changes that have American in its temper. taken place in England in the present century and “ Faith and Sight” is a clear, able, and candid the last portion of the previous one. production. Its main purpose is to give agnosti- prehends the great variety of conflicting causes that cism standing in the religious court, and to put it have promoted them. Free of dogmatism, he finds on terms of giving and receiving with definite forms his way among these great events as an Alpine road of faith. The chief criticism we are disposed to threads ravines and passes right and left lofty sum- pass upon it is, that the author, in common with so mits. The style is sometimes negligent, but this is many, seems inclined to separate science and faith of minor moment. widely from each other, assigning the one a force “A Critical History of the Evolution of Trinita- more absolute, and the other a form legs verifiable, rianism” will interest all to whom the subject seems than belong to them respectively. Knowledge is inviting. It is a scholarly and critical tracing of one, from side to side. The same elements enter the changes which that central dogma of orthodox into it everywhere. What we know, we know under theology, the Trinity, has undergone; and of the pas- the same general conditions and by virtue of the game powers. We might as well think of the at- *THE SOCIAL MEANING OF MODERN RELIGIOUS MOVE- mosphere as without moisture, and of the ocean as MENTS IN ENGLAND. By Thomas C. Hall, D.D. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. without air, as to think of science as without the A CRITICAL HISTORY OF THE EVOLUTION OF TRINITA- fallibility of human conceptions, or of religion as By Levi Leonard Paine. Boston: Houghton, without the basis of valid experiences. Mifflin & Co. The essays that make up the volume called HISTORY OF THE BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER. By the “ Ethics and Religion ” were written early in the Rev. Leighton Pallan. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co. THE STATE AND THE CHURCH. By William Pratt. New opening of the Ethical Movement, and then gave York: Thomas Whittaker, character and direction ” to it. They are the pro- FAITH AND SIGHT. By William Pierson Merrill. New duction of leaders in that movement, and are of York: Charles Scribner's Sons. deep interest. There is no spirit current among ETHICS AND RELIGION. New York: The Macmillan Com- men more pure, discriminating, and gentle than pany. the distinctively ethical spirit ; and none with which THEISM, in the Light of Present Science and Philosophy. By James Iverach, M.A., D.D. New York: The Macmillan our social and religious life can be more advan- Company. tageously infused. These essays are fitted to test THE SPIRITUAL LIFE. By George A. Coe, Ph.D. New and to stimulate the spiritual tone of every thought- York : Eaton & Mains. ful man. BACK TO CHRIST. By Walter Spence. Chicago: A. C. The volume entitled “Theism in the Light of McClurg & Co. How Much Is LEFT OF THE OLD DOCTRINES ? By Wash- Present Science and Philosophy” is a series of lect- ington Gladden. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. ures given as the first course on the foundation of THE PERSONALITY OF TRUTH. By the Rt, Rev. Thomas the Charles F. Deems Lectureship. As the title Augustus Jagger, D.D. New York: Thomas Whittaker. implies, the lectures are primarily philosophical. PERSONAL RELIGIOUS Life in the Ministry and in Minis- They do not seem to us to be as interesting or as tering Women, By F. D. Huntington, S.S.D., LL.D., L.H.D. New York: Thomas Whittaker. profitable as the extended knowledge and marked THE CONCEPTION OF IMMORTALITY. By Josiah Royce. resources of the author should have made them. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. While a general line of thought is indicated in MAN AND HIS DIVINE FATHER. By John C. C. Clarke, them, they unfold too much as an endless series of D.D. Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co. observations. We are not held close to a well de- An ESSAY TOWARD Faith. By Wilford L. Robbins, D.D. fined purpose. It is hard to tell where we are, or New York: Longmans, Green, & Co. whither we are going. Decision in announcing CHRIST CAME AGAIN. By William S. Urmy, D.D. New York: Eaton & Mains. one's object, and tenacity in pursuing it, are espe- THE CROWN OF CHRIST. By R. E. Hutton. New York: cially needful in a region of thought which suffers The Macmillan Co. 80 much from a vague and changeable outlook. RIANISM. 9 1 1 1 1900.) 77 THE DIAL Dr. Coe's work on “ The Spiritual Life " calls for in the belief in immortality, and with a relish for a favorable notice. It is a wise and patient effort astute thought, might read both works without any to inquire into the physical conditions, especially serious loss of faith. The doctrine of immortality, those of temperament, which affect our spiritual like an ocean current, is far-reaching though not life and oftentimes give color to it. While assign-conspicuous in its forces. The practical mariner ing due importance to these facts, the author does will be profoundly aware of it; the mere voyager not use them as a means of subverting the spiritual may pass into it and out of it with little observation, phenomena under consideration. We shall be better and find difficulty in determining its whereabouts. able to handle our own lives and the lives of others “ Man and his Divine Father” is a very discur- by virtue of this discussion. sive treatise. The subject is comprehensive, and it “ Back to Christ” is a book which springs from loses nothing in vagueness by the treatment. The a strong sense of the confusion and failure that volume ranges from a consideration of the nature have accompanied theological speculations. The of man and of God to the philosophy of Philo, the tone and purpose elicit our sympathy; but the au- state of Syria, and the Apocalypse. The work evinces thor pushes his remedy too far. We are not to be profound self-confidence, and is marked by rash and led back to Christ simply as an authority. A better unguarded assertions. The author seems to think phrase is “ Forward with Christ.” Each man must that if he but walks across the world, a conspicuous be an authority to himself, no matter by whom he path will be left behind him which all men will do is led and taught. The autocracy of the spirit is well to follow. The true things that are said are the leading fact of the spirit, and the pivotal point thus lost in the general confusion and irrelevancy of on which debate is revolving. Christ leads us into the method. truth. “An Essay toward Faith" is a book of devotion The books of Dr. Washington Gladden belong to fitted to deepen our thoughts of life without render- a class one is glad to recommend. They are liberal, ing them morbid. It combines, with more success practical, and stimulating. The style is agreeable than is usual, the comprehensiveness of human and the matter is instructive. Dr. Gladden is a feeling with its spiritual quality. favorable example of the efficiency of the new the- The last two volumes on our list, while wholly ology in every good word and work. The present unlike in contents, fall together in one respect. In volume, “How Much is Left of the Old Doctrines ? " both, Biblical thoughts and Biblical events are used is a detached discussion of a variety of current re- in so rigid and narrow a way as largely to separate ligious themes, such as “What is the Supernatural?” spiritual life from the normal history of the world, “What is the Bible?” “Is there a Personal Devil?" and to put it under a comparatively barren disci- It is characterized by sound sense. pline of its own. “ Christ Came Again " is a pains- “The Personality of Truth” is brief and bright, taking book. It presents very fully the words of and sound in its main contention. The assertion of Christ, and the anticipation of his disciples in con- the personality of man as the indissoluble unit in nection with his second coming. This expectation all analytic processes, is the impregnable citadel of was deep-seated and general. The author is by no spiritual truth. However the battle may go here means as successful in showing that the destruction and there in the open field, man has only to retire of Jerusalem, or any events in connection with it, into himself and be safe. Trutbs, like words, lie were the fulfilment of this anticipation. between persons. Truth involves the giving and matter of fact, they were not so regarded. The receiving mind, as much as does the tennis ball the conviction lived on in spite of them, and has two rackets. wrought mischief to our own time. Aside from a Bishop Huntington's volume on “ Personal Reli- theoretical necessity of meeting the prophetic lan- gious Life in the Ministry” is made up of six dis- guage with some corresponding event, few if any courses on such themes as “Singleness of Heart,” would have thought of the destruction of Jerusalem “Self-Sacrifice," "Thorough Service." In reading as standing for the coming of Christ. The author it, we are rid for the moment of all controversy. struggles with the fact that the minds of men have We are taken into the confidence of a single and not seen or accepted the agreement between the pare heart, holding tenaciously by its own renovat- expectation and its fulfilment. This lack of corre- ing divine service. spondence remains a serious obstacle to the theory “The Conception of Immortality,” by Dr. Josiah of the absolute and accurate inspiration of the New Royce, is a discussion of much ingenuity, of decisive Testament. No ingenuity can evade the fact that literary merit, and, due allowance being made for the feelings called out and the events that followed the remoteness of the thought, one clearly rendered. after them have not corresponded with each other. It is a good running-mate with the discourse on the “ The Crown of Christ” is a series of Scripture some theme recently given on the same foundation readings, and of reflections meant to accompany by Professor James. That discussion suggested a the sacred seasons of the Church in the circuit of possible reconciliation of immortality with physical its Liturgical Year. They are well of their kind, — forces : this discussion considers its possible har- but, alas, what a kind! One is strongly and pain- mony with the relations of the spiritual world under fully impressed in this volume, and in the preceding an idealistic philosophy. One already well-grounded one, with the immense burden of dogma and lit- à As a 66 a 78 [Aug. 1, THE DIAL the a Literature as civic needs. urgy which oppresses the Christian Church.