ne when he was between
and then sorrow for a dead son be added to
twelve and sixteen years of age. I could not induce
that for my dead father, which she says would break her
him to send me the book, but from time to time he
heart. I love to swim, but shall not disobey my mother."
copied some of the items from it, and I published them.
Let any one who reads this little story try to tell it
Persons were mentioned in these items who were living in fewer or better chosen words, and he will not fail to
What
when at last they were printed, and they testified to
notice that a master band guided the pen.
the accuracy with which events within their memory
could be neater than the criticism of Elder Leach's
were recorded. The style of many of the passages was
funeral sermon, and the mildly humorous turn in
decidedly Hawthornesque. The mulatto refused to take regard to his mother's misgivings? If Hawthorne
any money for the articles he furnished, and persistently
wrote this paragraph it must have been when he was
declined to send the manuscript book from which he
twenty-four years old, and this thought must be dis-
alleged the items were copied. He promised when he
missed. If Symmes wrote it, and I see no escape from
next visited New England he would bring the book
this alternative, it was done when he was nearly seventy
with him. He did not come to New England; and died
years of age, after a strenuous life as a cook on a sail.
in Florida soon after making the promise. Much search
ing vessel, and as a spy upon spies during the civil war.
has been made, but the manuscript has never been found.
It must have required the genius of a Chatterton to have
It must be confessed that a suspicious mystery en-
forged that story in language so like what we may imag-
veloped the whole affair, and yet the literary style and ine young Hawthorne would use. And this is only one
the corroboratory testimony of many persons mentioned of many passages in which equal literary skill is shown.
in the alleged “ Diary "inclined me to full belief in its
Some critics I have consulted are disposed to believe
authenticity. Hawthorne's mother and other relatives
the bulk of the “ Diary” is genuine, but that Symmes
were constantly referred to precisely as he would be
ventured upon interpolations. For my own part, I con-
likely to speak of them, and there was a boyish tone in
fess I am puzzled, and have lost hope of ever solving
every paragraph that it would require genius in any
the mystery. The chapters of the book dealing with
middle-aged man to assume. Is it imaginable that a
Hawthorne's life in the Maine wilderness, and telling
comparatively illiterate and uncultured man could
the romantic story of the life of Symmes, are reliable,
have composed this admirable inscription, alleged to
having been gathered from many authentic sources.
have been written on the fly leaf of the “ Diary" by
Hawthorne's biographers have not given bis life in
Hawthorne's uncle, Richard Manning?
Maine the number of years nor the importance that
“Presented by Richard Manning, to his nephew Nathaniel
really belong to it. From the age of ten to the time
Hathorne (sic), with the advice that he write out his
of his graduation he spent a large part of each year
thoughts, some every day, in as good words as be can, upon in Raymond, which is in the same county as Brunswick,
any and all subjects, as it is one of the best means of his se- the seat of his college. The mulatto Symmes is known
curing for mature years, command of thought and language. to have been his companion in boyish sports. The
“Raymond, June 1, 1816."
father of Symmes was a leader of the Maine bar a
One item tells of swapping knives with a Quaker century ago, and he gave his illegitimate son his own
lad named Robinson Cook. An aged Quaker of the
For five generations his white ancestors were
name wrote to me at once that he well remembered clergymen of note in England and New England, and
this transaction. Many other items were similarly cor- two of them were martyrs in the Marian persecution.
roborated, so that for nearly thirty years I rested in If Symmes was the forger, possibly we may account
the belief that the “ Diary” was genuine in spite of for his literary skill by supposing he inherited it from
the suspicious circumstances mentioned. New and a long line of cultured ancestors. He himself knew
very strong evidence to shake this belief bas come to nothing of this ancestry, and did not even know how
me within a few months. I have found that one of to spell his own name ! SAMUEL T. PICKARD.
the items could not possibly have been written by Boston, Mass., Sept. 6,!1902.
pame.


156
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
2
The New Books.
Lamb. An index adds materially to the use-
fullness of this work, and we wish that the
publishers could see their way to provide simi-
THREE ENGLISH AUTHORS.
lar apparatus for all the books of the series to
We are glad that a sketch of William Haz which this belongs.
litt has been included in the new series of The task of preparing an account of “George
“English Men of Letters," and the work of Eliot" for this series of critical and biographical
preparing it could hardly, on the whole, have
studies has fallen into the hands of Sir Leslie
fallen to better hands than those of Mr. Stephen, which means for the reader refined
Augustine Birrell. Robert Louis Stevenson intellectual entertainment as well as the discus-
is the man who could have handled the subject sion of the novelist from a broader than the
almost ideally, and we understand that he merely literary point of view. Sir Leslie is not
once thought of undertaking it, but was de- only the sanest of literary critics, but he is also
terred by the repugnance which was caused a philosophical scholar peculiarly interested in
him by the “Liber Amoris” episode. Hazlitt the problems with which “George Eliot” was
was the glorified journalist of English litera. possibly too much preoccupied for her best in-
ture, but, being essentially a journalist, his
terests as a novelist. He would be the last to
work was miscellaneous and fragmentary. As deny that a novelist may properly have views
such, it does not command the continued in upon serious subjects, and make use of fiction
terest of new generations of readers, and, as a medium for their expression. “A novel-
A .
although the student of literature and the lover ist's facts can prove nothing, for the simple
of fine writing will always cherish Hazlitt's reason that they are fictions; and his narra-
writings, they do not appeal to the larger mod. tive when it is reasoning in disguise, becomes
ern public. The new edition of his collected intolerable.” This is undoubtedly true, and
work now in course of publication will help to
needs to be said ; but on the other hand, there
extend his leasehold in popular esteem, but is much pertinence in the questions that follow
even that will not avail to make a notable in- the above remark.
crease in his following. Such a sketch as Mr. “ What is a poor novelist to do who happens to have
Birrell has prepared, on the other hand, will
been impressed by some of the great masters of thought,
make many persons acquainted with a writer
such as Plato or Spinoza, whose philosophies are em-
bodied poetry? Is he to forget all the thoughts that
who has hitherto been little more than a name have occurred to him in his philosophical capacity, and
to them, and will, besides recalling the annals to write as though he had no more speculations about
of his career, give them a fair notion of his
the world or human nature than the most frivolous of
literary quality, for the author has wisely in-
his readers? If his philosophy has really modified his
troduced many illustrative extracts, some of
own microcosm, can he drop it when he describes the
world? And why should he be called upon to drop it?
considerable length, and amounting altogether Must be not, at any rate, have some tinge of psy-
to about a third of the entire volume. And chology."
it would be strange if some few readers, at The one who puts these questions is clearly in
least, coming upon such a passage as the elo-sympathy with the novelist's almost avowed
quent characterization of Coleridge, should not purpose of teaching philosophy by example ;
at once take Hazlitt into their affections, and but he does not hesitate to note the failures or
make further acquaintance with his works. the imperfect successes of her method. The
Mr. Birrell deals discreetly with the varied best of her novels, after all, are those in which
career of this acute critic and confirmed senti- her social philosophy is most implicit. “The
mentalist. Nothing extenuating, even in the Mill on the Floss” would probably be the best
case of Hazlitt's relations with his wives and of them all were it not hopelessly marred
other women, but setting down nought in mal by the closing section. The impossible Mr.
ice, Mr. Birrell draws a sympathetic portrait Stephen Guest is too much for the critic, who
of a personality that repelled more than it at- sums up in these words the episode of his re-
tracted, but that won the esteem of many good lations with Maggie:
men and the steadfast friendship of Charles “We might even have forgiven her, if, after being a
* WILLIAM HAZLITT. By Augustine Birrell, New York:
little overpowered by the dandified Stephen, she had
The Macmillan Co.
shown some power of perceiving what a very poor
GEORGE ELIOT. By Leslie Stephen. New York: The
animal he was. The affair jars upon us because it is
Macmillan Co.
not a development of her previous aspirations, but sud-
MATTHEW ARNOLD. By Herbert W. Paul. New York: denly throws a fresh and unpleasant light upon her
The Macmillan Co.
character. George Eliot did not herself under-


1902.)
157
THE DIAL
6
<
stand what a mere bair-dresser's block she was de. stonian be could hardly be expected to forego
scribing in Mr. Stephen Guest. He is another instance
of her incapacity for portraying the opposite sex.”
a somewhat caustic criticism of Arnold's poli-
Of the novelist's one excursion into the region indulges in a good deal of rather minute liter-
tics and persuasive religious rationalism. He
of historical fiction, Sir Leslie has a rather
ary criticism
the sort that singles out lines
poor opinion ; but who can say that the follow-
ing criticism is essentially unjust?
and phrases for comment- - and it is not al.
ways well-advised. But of Arnold's value as
“When we take up a book in which one is to be a
contemporary with the Borgias, and to have personal
a literary critic he has no doubt whatever.
interviews with Machiavelli we may expect a similar
"Mr. Arnold did not merely criticise books
sensation. We are to be spectators of a state of things himself. He taught others how to criticise
in which the elementary buman passions have been let them. He laid down principles, if he did not
loose, when violence and treachery are normal parts of
the day's work, when new intellectual horizons have
always keep the principles he laid down. No-
opened, and yet the old creeds are still potent, and body, after reading • Essays in Criticism,' has
there is the strangest mingling of high aspirations and any excuse for not being a critic." Even
brutal indulgence, when the nobler and baser elements more pronounced in its emphasis is a passage
of belief are so strangely blended that the ruffian is from the introduction. Matthew Arnold
still religious, and the enlightened reformer fanatically
may
superstitious. If anybody derives any vivid impression
be said to have done for literature almost what
of such a world from · Romola' his eyes must be much Ruskin did for art. He reminded, or informed
keener than mine."
the British public that criticism was a serious
It so bappens that a book published since this thing; that good criticism was just as impor-
a
paragraph was written provides an apt illus- tant as good authority; that it was not a
tration of Sir Leslie's comment. “The Resur- question of individual taste, but partly of
rection of the Gods,” by the Russian Professor received authority, and partly of trained
Merejkowski, deals with precisely the same judgment." In a sense, Mr. Paul has had a
period of history, and, although without one- comparatively easy task. With less than half
half of the technical skill of the novelist which a dozen books to consult for authority, he has
“Romola” displays, it does accomplish pre. simply set down the events in Arnold's life, and
cisely what we are told that such a work should commented upon his writings in the order of
accomplish. A more exact characterization their publication. This volume, like the
of the Russian work could not be made than Hazlitt," is provided with an index, for
is contained in our quotation from Sir Leslie which we are thankful.
Stephen. When the author comes at last to
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE.
the history and character of Daniel Deronda,
he strikes fair game. If that blameless prig
has not yet “gone the way of all waxworks,
in Mr. Swinburne's phrase, he is pretty gen-
CONSTITUTIONAL PHASES OF THE CIVIL
WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION,
erally recognized as the weakest of the novel-
ist's creations, and we can sympathise with the The three most recent volumes in Scrib.
sly fun that Sir Leslie delights to poke at him. ner's “ American History Series" are by Prof.
His playful and delicious satire infuses the John W. Burgess. Two of these are devoted
whole chapter devoted to this novel, but would to the period from 1859 to 1865, under the
evaporate if any attempt were made to illus- title “ The Civil War and the Constitution."
trate by quotations.
This period is illustrated in two distinct as-
For the “ Matthew Arnold” volume in this pects : one, its military history, giving a con.
series the services of Mr. Herbert Paul have densed and succinct account of the campaigns
been enlisted,-a choice that, on the whole, and engagements of the war; and the other,
approves itself to the judicious. Mr. Paul its constitutional history, with discussions of
has a pointed epigrammatio style that is almost the questions then or since mooted, concerning
brilliant, although there is about it a certain the constitutional phases of the movements
degree of dogmatic hardness. His sympathy of the period. These two lines of study are
with his subject is keen upon the literary side, here presented together, in chapters arranged
but rather defective upon the philosophical
*THE CIVIL WAR AND THE CONSTITUTION, 1859-1865.
side, although he is much more satisfactory By John W. Burgess, Ph.D., LL.D. In two volumes. New
than Mr. Saintsbury in the discussions of Ar-
York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
RECONSTRUCTION AND THE CONSTITUTION. 1866–1876.
nold's theological and political writings. Be-
By John W. Burgess, Ph.D., LL.D. In one volume. New
ing a religious conservative as well as a Glad- York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
>


158
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
chronologically. Some readers would doubtless in the political system of a country, must be able to
prefer a division of these subjects which would deal with any and every subject. ... The proposition
give each a volume by itself. The author's
to withdraw from its operation the most serious and
burning question of our political ethics was a proposition
pages
do not seem to exhibit any common vin- to set the clock of ages back a century and more, so
culum upiting the two. A final chapter of the far as concerned the advancement of liberty and of the
second volume is devoted to a terse but clear science of government. ... It meant the reversal, in
and instructive résumé of the international principle, of the chief advance wbich we had made in
The
complications growing out of the war.
the development of our constitutional law from the sys-
tem of 1781 to that of 1787."
third volume closes with a chapter treating in
a similar manner of the international relations These vigorous views relate to an episode that
of the United States between 1867 and 1877.
is past. But they are timely; for they illus-
The eminently valuable portion of this work
trate principles of constitutional jurisprudence
is its constitutional history. The presentation
that are permanent and of perennial interest.
of the important subjects of Secession, Eman-
Professor Burgess states fully, though
cipation, the National Powers of the Govern briefly, the facts which put to rest the silly
ment, and the War Powers of the Executive in story that President Lincoln acted unfairly
their constitutional relations, is profound and
toward the secessionists in the matter of pro-
scholarly, and is seasoned with the author's visioning Fort Sumter. He defends not only
well-known fearlessness and impartiality. The
the constitutionality, but the morality also, of
the Emancipation Proclamation. The inherent
cause of Secession is shown to have been
constitutionally and morally groundless ; con-
Nationality of the Federal government, as an
stitutionally because the only real grievance is very clearly expounded; and the entire reg.
essential of political and constitutional science,
of the secessionists was, that after March 4,
rëg
1861, the legally elected and installed govern-
ularity and necessity of the exercise by the
ment of the United States would be in the con.
President of plenary powers in time of war are
trol of a party which would probably legislate Solicitor Whiting himself during the war time.
demonstrated as vigorously as they were by
contrary to the wishes of the secessionists,
on subjects admittedly within the legislative
“ It is altogether gratuitous to concede that the Gov-
ernment of the United States overstepped its constitu-
power; and morally, because the secessionists
tional powers, and acted on the principle that necessity
had been offered compromises, liberal beyond knows no law, in preserving the Union by force against
reason, to induce them to abandon their at- dissolution. It overstepped its ordinary limitations, but
tempted secession. Our author places fitting it had, and has, the constitutional right to do that, in
emphasis upon the willingness of the Repub- in denying this right lies in the claim that the Consti-
periods of extraordinary danger. The root of the error
lican leaders in Congress to avoid war by tution made the Union. The truth is that the Union
supporting an irrepealable amendment to the made the Constitution, and that the physical and eth- .
Constitution, forever protecting slavery in the
ical conditions of our territory and population made the
States. This was the supreme test of their
Union."
desire for peace. They are to be considered It is unpleasant to observe any defects, bow-
as having offered everything that could have ever slight, in so fair a composition. But our
been expected from wise, honest, and sincere author is an over-earnest controversialist; and
men, for the pacification of the country, and, while uniformly measuring his expressions on
from the point of view of a sound political all subjects of prime importance, he sometimes
science, more than they ought to have done.” lapses into mere rhetoric when discussing minor
Our author here makes clear his settled topics. His very just animadversions upon the
opinion that every normal constitution essen- gross errors involved in John Brown's raid on
tially requires provisions for its own amend Harper's Ferry derive no greater force from
ment; so the Republicans of 1861 were
the abundant epithets which are here heaped
conceding unwisely in favoring the Corwin upon the unfortunate Brown and his ill-fated
amendment.
cause. So, again, with reference to Lincoln's
“ An irrepealable, unamendable provision in a Con-
ancestry. It must have been some unfair
pre-
stitution in regard to anything is a rotten spot, which judice which described his father as “a dul,
threatens decay to the whole Constitution. It is a lazy, shiftless, poor white, of Kentucky back-
standing menace to the peaceable development of any woods life, the son of a man of the same sort”;
political system. It is the most direct contradiction
possible of one of the most fundamental principles of
and his mother, who is incorrectly said to have
political science, the principle that the amending power
been “the daughter of one Lucy Hanks,” as
in a constitution, the legally organized sovereign power one of another family which “ belonged like-


1902.]
159
THE DIAL
wise to the class of poor white trash.” If it seeking to rehabilitate them by the employment
were desirable to refer at all to Lincoln's an- of less than a full majority of the qualified
cestry, in such a history, the simple facts might electorate. The legislative policy was based
have been given, instead of exploded myths. upon the correct theory that the impaired func-
The American people will forgive the poverty tions of the insurrectionary States could be
of Lincoln's parents, in view of the sturdy restored only by Congressional action; but the
yeomanry which made their fathers successful mistakes made by Congress in working out
pioneers in the new West of the eighteenth cen- this theory were glaringly worse than those of
tury, and in view of the intense antipathy to the Executive department in seeking to recon-
human slavery which governed their lives and struct without the agency of Congress.
descended to animate and distinguish the life According to Professor Burgess, the States
and career of their great son.
of the Union derived from the Constitution all
It is not quite clear why our author should
their powers of local autonomy, and the logical
admit, while he justifies the act, that Lincoln,
consequence of an attempt to secede from the
on his accession to the Presidency, “shifted Union was to deprive the State so attempting
the whole issue” from the restriction of slavery of such autonomy, and reduce it to a Terri-
to the maintenance of the Union. The Presi.
torial condition ; for it could not abridge the
dent in fact shifted no issue. The explanation sovereignty of the Union over the land within
of his emphasizing the preservation of the un-
its limits, and the act of rebellion against that
broken Union is so simple that no apology would sovereignty could have no other effect than the
be pertinent. The issue on which Lincoln was abjuration of Statehood by the offender. This
elected was at once forced to the background. being accepted as true, it is the author's view
Secession in arms brought forward a new and that but two modes of reconstruction were
paramount issue : the Union must be fought logically feasible.
for and preserved. It would have been idle
“ The one was, to establish territorial civil govern-
to discuss any lesser issue, in the face of this
ments in the late rebellious region, and maintain them
greatest one of all. So thought the loyal mil- there until the civil relations between the two races
lions wbo rushed to the defence of the Union, became settled and fixed. The other was, to so amend
at the call of the President. So will thousands
the Constitution of the United States, before the re-
admission of the States' which had renounced the
of them testify to-day.
• State' form of local government under the Union,
The third volume in our list, entitled “Re-
as to give Congress and the national judiciary the power
construction and the Constitution," is a de- to define and defend the fundamental principles of civil
tailed thesis on the processes employed for the
liberty. Neither of these methods would have demanded
rebabilitation of the insurrectionary States,
martial law or universal negro suffrage.”
from 1865 to 1872. The discussion refers, Professor Burgess has a good word for the last-
almost continuously, to the questions arising, named project, which he tersely denominates
as related to or affected by the Constitution, “ the nationalization of civil liberty.” But
so that the narrative deals with constitutional his preference seems to have been for the plan
history in the proper sense. The treatment of first mentioned, of placing the insurrection-
these questions by Professor Burgess is minute, ary states under Territorial civil government,
discriminating, and often masterly. He is im- “and keeping them there until the spirit of
partial, both in praising and in blaming the loyalty to the Nation was established, and the
leading actors of the Reconstruction period; practice of civil equality among all citizens was
and his fearlessness in criticism, and his sin. made thoroughly secure." Our author does
cere desire to find and declare the true consti- not refer to the great and undue anxiety which
tutional ground which should have been occu- President Johnson was exhibiting at that time,
pied at every step of the momentous proceed to hasten his own scheme of Reconstruction by
ings, will challenge the commendation of un- the appointment of “Provisional Governors."
biassed readers. The executive and the legis. It was this precipitate action of the President
lative branches of the government are by turns which first invited the counteracting policy of
censured and applauded, as they have seen or Congress. Several of the Southern Governors
failed to see the
step proper to be taken at the had summoned their legislatures, as our author
moment. The Presidential policy is shown to states, to meet for the
purpose
of Reconstruc-
have been erroneous in treating the statehood tion; and they were, in some instances, dis-
of the insurrectionary States as in no way suaded from so meeting by officers of the Union
vitiated by their attempts at secession, and in | Army. Johnson's hurried appointment of


160
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
“ Provisional Governors
was a higher bid for ton, and none of the many excesses of President
Southern favor, and he was hoping to be thereby Jobpson provoke his resentment, save those
made the leading politician of the South. Lin. attending his famous “swinging around the
coln, if living, would have had no such motive circle." How unwise and how uncalled for
for haste in making such appointments; and were the impeachment of President Johnson
if there had been disagreement between him and his trial upon the impeachment, and how
and Congress, he would doubtless have been fortunate was his acquittal, are clearly demon-
able to compose the difficulty. The delicate strated in a chapter which, by some oversight,
tact of Lincoln was wanting in Johnson's com- has been entitled “The Attempt to Impeach
position.
the President." This chapter will be read with
Professor Burgess is astute to expose each interest by the many, now living, who depre-
error which Congress made, either in departing cated at the time the extent to which partisan-
from the logic of its own correct theory of the ship had carried the majority in the lower
mode of Reconstruction, or in going counter to house of Congress. JAMES OSCAR PIERCE.
the Constitution. Of its errors of the first
class, be says that “they intensified partisan-
ship at the expense of statesmanship.” It was
a departure from the principles of the Consti.
CORRESPONDENCE OF A LOYALIST
tution, when Congress arranged to have States
FAMILY.*
not yet rehabilitated, - or still “out of their
practical relations," as Lincoln phrased it, - Books containing the “raw material" of the
to vote upon amendments to the fundamental early history of our country are of much in-
law; as also when a Freedmen's Bureau, upon terest at the present time, and those on the
the basis of a war measure, was created in time Tory or Loyalist side are perhaps the more
of peace; and again when, by the Tenure-of. | interesting because more rare. One of these
office act, it was attempted to deprive the has recently been issued privately under the
President of bis normal functions under the title “ Letters of James Murray, Loyalist.”
Constitution. These purely constitutional ques- This book is formed by a selection from ma-
tions are discussed with a considerate calmness terial left to the heirs of the late James Murray
of expression that gives to the author's con- Robbins, of Milton, Massachusetts. It is edited,
clusions the weight and emphasis of a judicial at the request of Mrs. Susan I. Lesley, a direct
deliverance. But when he intermits his exami- descendant of James Murray, by Mrs. Nina
nation of these general phases of Congressional Moore Tiffany, author of several works on
power and function, to discuss the measures Colonial America, assisted by Mrs. Lesley
resorted to by the majority in Congress, then herself, who was prevented by ill-health from
the jurist descends to the plane of the partisan, doing the work alone.
and calm exposition gives place to heated de- The story begins back on the Scottish bor-
nunciation and the use of epithets. Several der, in Roxburghshire, where James Murray
of the measures adopted by Congress are de- was born, of a good family. But it is not until
clared to have been “ monstrous," although one his departure for the Carolinas, in 1735, that
of them is admitted to have been within its our interest quickens. He was then twenty-
Constitutional powers.
Constitutions were two, and in possession of a small patrimony,
framed for some of the seceding States by part of which he laid out in merchandise, ex-
"carpet-bag, scalawag, negro conventions." pecting also to invest in land on his arrival in
The reconstructed legislatures were" hideous” America. His sister accompanied him, to-
bodies of men, and the result of their work gether with some other young people sent in
came near being “ghastly." This intensity of his charge, and several mechanics. His desti.
indignation felt by the historian will appeal nation was North Carolina ; and having letters
strongly to all who, with him, disapprove the to Governor Johnston, then recently appointed,
employment of temporary devices to maintain he took his place as a conservative and friend
party control, which are in contravention of of the Governor, as opposed to the popular
fundamental principles; but it must be con- faction. He finally settled in Newton (after-
fessed that such a profusion of epithets is out
* LETTERS OF JAMES MURRAY, LOYALIST. Edited by
of place in dispassionate history. Our author Nina Moore Tiffany, assisted by Susan I. Lesley. Illustrated.
deals gently with the foibles of Secretary Stan- Privately printed. Boston. For sale by W. B. Clarke Co.


1902.]
161
THE DIAL
>
wards called Wilmington), where he had a ant, and congenial. In politics the family
house and lot in town, and a plantation about always remained conservatively loyal to the
fifteen miles out. He lived in North Carolina government, partly through disposition, partly
from 1735 to 1765, and his letters at this because of the many family ties binding them
period are much concerned not only with trade to England and Scotland, and partly through
and family affairs, but also with factional conviction. Mr. Murray did, however, foresee
politics, which disturbed North Carolina during possible union and severance in the future, but
the whole of his residence there. Mr. Murray he did not gauge the meaning of the demon-
soon became involved in these disputes himself, strations that were taking place in Boston at
as he occupied the position of collector of the the time of his settlement there. In regard to
port and later was a member of the Board of the Stamp Act, he writes :
Councillors. His opinion of the people of “ The Stamp Act, so far from being a burt to the
North Carolina during his first years there was
Colonies, which they pretend to be unable to bear, will
frankly expressed.
be a necessary Spur to their Industry. The Difficulty
will be to keep that Industry from being employed on
“I wish I could write you something agreable of the articles that will interfere with the Mother Country,
country, or rather the present set of inhabitants, for the
place itself is well enough were it peopled by frugal,
and so to preserve the Benefit & dependence of America
to Britain as long as may be: but in the process of time,
honest, industrious people, who would not sacrifice the
this extensive, fertile territory, cultivated as it will be
general good of the province for the obtaining their own
by millions of people healthy and strong, must by the
private ends, or would not be so stupid as to be led by
nature of things preponderate. Our comfort is that
the nose by those that would. Then I might say, with-
period seems to lie far beyond our day."
out the spirit of prophecy, that this Province would
soon be one of the best in America."
When Boston was shut up, in April, 1775,
Mr. Murray was a progressive and enterprising and Cambridge became the camp of the Ameri-
planter as well as trader; and we read of rice can army, Mr. Murray found himself separated
crops, indigo, tar, pitch, and lumber, and later from many of his friends. He and his wife,
of a beginning at silk culture. The bricks for
his brother-in-law Mr. Inman, his daughters
bis new house were burnt by his laborers, and
Elizabeth and Dorothy (Mrs. Forbes), Mrs.
the lumber prepared in his own saw-mill. At
Forbes's children, and a niece, were in Boston.
one time he sent to New York for “ a Sober
Mrs. Inman, with a nephew and servants, was
diligent man, with or without a familly, Skilld in Cambridge. She was respected by the pa.
in Tanning and Currying," at another for a
triots, many of whom were her friends. She
-“ good Sawyer to tend a Saw Mill." His plan-
à Saw Mill.” His plan writes humorously to her relatives in Boston :
tation, where he built a handsome house, was “You know how fond I am of grandeur. I have
called Point Repose. His condition had steadily arrive at the muckle honor of being a General ; that is
acted many parts in life, but never imagined I should
improved, until he was able to say, a few years now the case. I have a guard at the bottom of the
before he finally left North Carolina:
garden, a number of men to patrol to the Marsh, and
“I am not out of humour with the Country as you round the farm, with a body guard that now covers our
imagine. I am perswaded I have my health better here kitchen parlor, and [now at] twelve o'clock they are in
than I could have any where else, and my Improve- a sweet sleep, wbile Miss Denforth and I are in the
ments are amusements to my taste no other place could middle parlor with a board nailed across the door to
afford. As to the people, they are neither better or protect them from harm. ... The women and children
worse in gross than those of other countries : that I have all left Cambridge, so we are thought wonders.”
have not been a greater favourite with them is more my
The annoyances the Loyalists endured were
own fault than theirs."
many.
Mrs. Inman's friend, Mrs. Barnes,
When, in 1765, Mr. Murray removed to writing to her, says:
Boston, it was with his second wife. He lost
“ The greatest terror I was ever thrown into was on
his first wife in 1758, and several children Sunday last. A man came up to the gate and loaded
died both before and after this event. His his musket, and before I could determine which way to
run he entered the house and demanded a dinner. I
youngest daughter, Elizabeth, remained with
sent him the best I had upon the table. He was not
him for some time; but Dorothy, the oldest,
contented, but insisted upon bringing in his gun and
had been for several years with Mr. Murray's dining with me; this terrified the young folks, and they
sister Elizabeth (Mrs. Smith, afterwards Mrs. ran out of the house. I went in and endeavored to
Inman) in Boston. They had friends and rel. pacify him by every method in my power, but I found
atives in that city, and Mr. Murray, who, on
it was to no purpose. He still continued to abuse me,
and said when he had eat his dinner he should want a
his first visit to Boston, had conceived a dislike
horse, and if I did not let him bave one he would blow
for the place, now found it prosperous, pleas- | my brains out.”
a


162
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
a
After the battle of Bunker Hill, Mr. Murray
THE BUSINESS OF CITY GOVERNMENT.*
writes:
“Mr. Murray Presents his Affectionate Compliments
Professor Fairlie may be said, without ex-
to his Sister Inman & his Daughter Forbes. He has aggeration, to have advanced municipal econ-
obtained Leave from the Commander in Chief to see omy to the status of an exact science : an
them or either of them, with General Howe's consent, achievement for which he was admirably fitted
at the advanced posts of Charlestown on Saturday next.
He proposes this Interview to be between the bours of
by his earlier studies for the National Munici-
Eleven & one O'Clock. Betsey is named in the Permit pal League and various periodicals and official
& purposes to be of the party. Mrs. Inman's old Ac- publications, following a thorough university
quaintance Colin Campbell, now a Captain in the 35th. course in administration. By drawing upon
Regt, intends to escorte us, if he shall be on duty, we
the results of his previous studies and many
sball bring some other officer to be Eye & Ear Witness
of all that passes. And the Ladies are desired to use
other sources of information, he has made his
the same precaution, on their side: the Times require work on “ Municipal Administration" ency.
it.”
clopedic in scope and treatment. The bulki-
There were still merry-makings among the ness of the volume is by no means due to dif-
Tories, and in November Mrs. Inman writes fuseness of style; the book is packed solidly
to Dorothy Forbes :
full of facts, and facts many of which are not
“ Betsy is going to the Ball. She begs you'll send easily accessible elsewhere. A few technical
her stays, white satin ribbed ones, best laced ruffles, points are treated with undecessary detail, but
tucker, and some small flowers and a large one. . .
in general the reader is more likely to wish for
She has to wear colored clothes, therefore must have
lace. Pray send her fan and a pocket handker-
a fuller treatment than for further condensa-
chief; do not omit any of the things."
tion. The important question of the final dis-
Mr. Murray was an “ Addresser of Gage,” posal of sewage, for example, deserves more
at the time of General Gage's recall to En-
than a page and a half; although even in that
gland, and this was a mark against him in the
scant space Professor Fairlie distinguishes the
eyes of the patriots. His sugar-house first principal methods in use and gives a convenient
served the King's troops as barracks, and was
checklist of the cities (except in Australia)
afterwards used as a hospital for patients inocu-
where each method is employed.
lated for the small-pox. When Boston was
The accuracy of such a work as this is of
evacuated, after the fortification of Dorchester course subject to an inevitable limitation aris-
Heights by Washington, Mr. Murray was
ing from frequent changes in municipal ad-
obliged to sail for Halifax with Howe. He
He ministration, as well as to the practical impos-
never saw Mrs. Inman or his daughters after. sibility of making so comprehensive a work
wards. He longed to be with them, however,
on a new science absolutely infallible in the
and after settling his wife in Halifax he visited
first instance. At first thought it seems a lit-
Newport, New York, and Philadelphia,
tle curious that our own University of Cincin-
wherever he could be nearest to them, — and
nati should be omitted from a list of munici-
wrote and sent them supplies. But he returned, pal colleges which embraces several European
after two useless years, to Halifax, where he
institutions, and that Seattle should be left
remained, in spite of his wife's desires to go to
out of an even longer list of cities maintaining
England. He died in 1781. His sister and employment bureaus; but the fact of the
children in Cambridge endured many hard-
matter probably is that it is easier to get com-
ships, with their resources reduced, and sepa- plete information about European cities than
rated from their friends. Mrs. Inman died in about those of our own country. The list of
1785, but Mrs. Forbes and Elizabeth Murray,
state employment bureaus might have been
afterwards Mrs. Robbins, lived to see a pros-
made more complete, however, if state under-
perous and independent country.
takings were to be enumerated at all, and the
There are many interesting things in this
same may be said of state parks ; while an
book upon which we have not space to touch.
account of state fire insurance ought not to
The appendix contains genealogical informa-
overlook the curious and interesting experience
tion, of interest chiefly to the Murray descen-
of Vermont. The statement that American
dants ; but the book as a whole is of so general cities have abandoned their attempts at vacant-
an interest to students of American history lot cultivation seems a little too sweeping.
that it ought not to remain a privately printed * MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION. By John A. Fairlie,
work.
Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Administrative Law, Univer-
EDITH GRANGER. sity of Michigan, New York: The Macmillan Company,


1902.]
163
THE DIAL
The comprehensive character and admirably be considered disproportionately long, except
condensed style of this treatise may best be that it includes two or three chapters of what
shown by quoting two paragraphs on an im- might be styled present-day history, scarcely
portant topic.
distinguishable from Part II.
“While municipal ownership of street railways has There are some evidences of hasty writing
thus existed in Great Britain since 1870, municipal in irreconcilable disagreements between verbs
operation was positively forbidden in the Tramways and their subjects ; but there are scarcely any
Act of 1870, and is only of recent development.
The
first exception was in 1882, when the corporation of defects, either of form or substance, which
Huddersfield was authorized to operate the local steam
would be worth calling attention to but for
tramways, which had been abandoned by the operating the certainty that so useful a book will soon
company, provided no reasonable offer could be secured
run into a second edition. Max WEST.
from another operating company to lease the lines ;
and with some hesitation the experiment was begun.
The next instance of municipal operation occurred,
not in Great Britain, but in the United States. When
LIFE AND TRAVEL IN PERSIA.*
the Brooklyn Bridge over the East River was opened,
in 1883, the cable road over it, one mile in length, was Persia is playing a rôle of ever growing im-
from the start operated by the trustees or joint com- portance in Central Asia. The encroachment
mittee representing the two municipalities of New
York and Brooklyn. It continued to be operated by
of Russia on the north, including their expul-
the bridge trustees until January 1, 1898, and after
sion of Persian ships from the Caspian Sea,
that by the Department of Bridges in the enlarged has seriously limited the power of this ancient
New York until July, 1898, when arrangements were kingdom. The emulation, for a half-century,
made to operate it in connection with the Brooklyn between Great Britain and Russia for supremacy
elevated railroads by the company owning the latter
roads.
of influence in the court of Persia, has been
« The Huddersfield and Brooklyn Bridge railways one of the most interesting diplomatic plays in
remained isolated examples, and did not mark the be- the Orient. She is now located between Rus-
ginning of any movement toward municipal operation. sia's possessions and the Persian Gulf — an
It was not until 1893 that other examples appeared.
outlet to the southern seas on which Russia has
In that year two' British cities (Plymouth and Black-
pool) received authority to operate their tramways. long cast a wishful eye. She is the back-door
The year following, Leeds and Glasgow also began to Afghanistan and India, countries controlled
municipal operation. All of these instances were in by British influence and sovereignty. The
the face of the Tramways Act of 1870 ; and a standing right imperial authority in Persian territory
order of the House of Commons was now adopted
shutting out any further bills authorizing municipal
could easily keep watch over the great and
operation. In 1896, however, this order was repealed; fertile Babylonian valley. An industrial and
Sheffield, Dover, Nottingham, and Hull thereupon
Hull thereupon commercial Western nation would soon extract
received the necessary authority, and since then the
from the mountains and plains of Persia an
movement in Great Britain has extended. Already
almost boundless wealth of mineral and agri-
twenty cities are operating the local railroads, the most
important of which are Ĝiasgow, the London County cultural products. Her 640,000 square miles
Council (which now owns 23 miles out of 111, and is of territory, embracing some of the choicest of
taking over other lines as the franchises expire), Liv- mountains and valleys, in the hands of twentieth-
erpool, and Leeds. Half a dozen other towns are now
century enterprise, would soon prove to be one
making the transition, while still others, such as Bir-
mingham and Manchester, have applied for authority
of the most resourceful of central Asiatic
and have declared their intention to work their lines
countries.
on the expiration of the present leases. Barmen in Major Sykes, author of “ Ten Thousand
Germany and Prague in Bohemia, and a few Swiss
Miles in Persia,” is a good specimen of the
towns, also operate local street railroads; but there is
no such general movement in other countries as in
enterprising and wide-awake Englishman who
Great Britain."
makes the most of bis advantages. Besides
Of the four main parts into which the book eight years' residence in Persia, he travelled
is divided, dealing respectively with municipal extensively in India, Russia, and Turkey. His
history, activities, finances, and organization, position as a government official gave him ex-
this review has dealt almost wholly with the
* TEN THOUSAND MILES IN PERSIA ; or, Eight YEARS
IN IRAN. By Major Percy Molesworth Sykes, H. M. Consul,
second, because it is the part which most
Kerman and Persian Baluchistán. With numerous illus-
needed to be written, and which will prove of trations. New York: Imported by Charles Scribner's Sons.
greatest value; but the other divisions of the PERSIAN CHILDREN OF THE ROYAL FAMILY. The Nar-
rative of an English Tutor at the Court of H. I. H. Zillu's-
work are treated in due proportion to their
Sultán, G. C.S. I. By Wilfrid Sparroy. Illustrated. New
relative importance. The historical part might York: John Lape.


164
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
:
More letters
of PitzGerald.
ceptional opportunities to ascertain facts, and those of their Western sisters. The concluding
.
to investigate subjects which were quite beyond chapter, on “ The Cat on the Footstool ”- the
, —
the range of the ordinary globe-trotter. figure formed by the geographical form of
His journey begins by entrance into Persia Persia,— is a spirited discussion of Russia's
from the north, by way of the Caspian Sea — and England's influence at the court of the
ceded to Russia by the treaty of Turkomanchai. Sbáb. The author severely scores the lethargy
His first trip was through the dangerous Tur- of English officials, both in Persia and in Lon.
Kermán. Of this latter province and its city on, and points out that the continuation of
he gives us an elaborate description — knowl-
-
and final fall of England's advantages in Persia.
edge acquired through long residence and ex- The book is supplied with choice illustrations
tensive acquaintance. The magnificent moun. depicting scenes at court described by the
tains of this province are the salvation of its author, and also some of the most picturesque
population. To those they retreat in the hot views on his travels. A little more pains in
summer and from their melting snows they securing facts regarding many points discussed
receive their supply of cool air and fresh water. might have greatly increased the value of the
Baluchistán must be the roughest, ruggedest, work to the student of the Orient. .
and most picturesque of countries, according
IRA M. PRICE.
to Major Sykes. A Baluchi proverb says:
“When the Almighty created the world, Balu-
chistán was formed from the refuse material.”
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
Its mountains, rising to 13,000 feet, with an
“Many of the Letters in the present
active volcano (Chebl-Tan), and extensive
volume have come into my hands
ranges, give it a wild uninviting appearance
since the first Series was published.
except to adventurers.
The others, although they were not included in the
One of the interesting parts of the book is previous collection, the object of which was to let
that which describes the Kárun valley - the FitzGerald tell the story of his own life, seem worthy
site of ancient Elamite authority with its of preservation, now that he has taken bis place
fortressed-power at Susa. Modern conditions among English Letter-Writers. They are of the
in that fruitful valley, — of the only navigable friendly human kind which entertained Carlyle.”
river in Persia — and its proximity to the
Thus Mr. William Aldis Wright by way of preface
to “More Letters of Edward FitzGerald,” recently
maritime commerce of the Persian Gulf make
published by the Messrs. Macmillan. There can
it one of the most important sections for Per-
be no doubt whatever that FitzGerald has taken
sia's prosperity. To one interested in ancient
the place indicated; we should even have said the
history the most fascinating chapter of the highest place, for surely there is no published cor-
volume is that (XXVIII) which describes the respondence in all our literature which exceeds in
journey from Shiraz to Isfabán. In this the charm the three volumes (now four) which have
author describes that cradle of the great ancient been given us by FitzGerald's editor.
Such a
Achæmenian kings, presenting some admirable
collection is best reviewed by illustration, and we
illustrations of these majestic ruins as they proceed at once to select a few striking passages.
This is written to Pollock in 1846.
appear to-day. Major Sykes discusses in a
seen Festus ? Tennyson writes word there are many
very intelligent manner the commercial and
fine things in it. He is come back from Switzer-
political status of Persia in reference to the
land rather disappointed, I am glad to say. How
ambitious powers of to-day, plainly indicating could such herds of gaping idiots come back en-
that Great Britain is making no gains in this chanted if there were much worth going to see. I
country. The familiar easy method of telling think that tours in Switzerland and Italy are less
his story, and his abundant and beautiful illus- often published now than formerly ; but there is all
trations and good map of Persia, make Major Turkey, Greece, and the East to be prostituted
Sykes's volume one of the most important of also ; and I fear we shan't hear the end of it in our
those in its field.
life time. Suffolk turnips seem to me so classical
The experiences of Mr. Wilfrid Sparroy, an
compared to all that sort of thing." Here is a
critical comparison, dated 1869, the sanity of which
English tutor at the court of the Sultan at
will be better and better appreciated as the years
Isfahán in Persia, are brimful of interest.
pass.
“ There was an absurd Article in my old Ath-
The chapter on “ The Uses of the Veil ” is
·
enæum comparing the relative merits of Tennyson
especially instructive as to the habits and
and Browning; awarding the praise of Finish, etc.,
customs of women in Persia, in contrast with to A. T., and of originality to R. B.! I am not
9
“ Have you
9


1902.]
165
THE DIAL
6
he la
perhaps sufficiently read in the latter; for I never discarded and almost derided; that dominion over
could read him; and I have reliance on my own other races would be forcibly assumed ; and that
intuition that, such being the case, he is not a rival American citizens would be heard passionately
to A. T., whom I judge of by his earlier poems (up calling upon their Government to shoot down as
to 1842). In Browning I could but see little but rebels people struggling for their independence
Cockney Sublime, Cockney Energy, etc., and as against a foreign yoke.” It is indeed à melan-
you once very wittily said to me that Miss Brontë choly plight to which our national rake's progress
was a great Mistress of the Disagreeable,' so, if B. has brought us during the past four years, and the
bas
power, I must consider it of that sort. Tenny. friendly dispassionate admonition of the political
son has stocked the English language with lines philosopher to “look here, upon this picture, and
which once knowing one can't forgo. Cowell tells on this” does not exactly contribute to the self-
me that even at Oxford and Cambridge Browning esteem of men who are still capable of viewing
is considered the deepest !
But this also will pass recent developments in their true historical light.
away.' But not A. T.” Here is an essentially “ The Declaration of Independence, it is true, was
just criticism of Lowell. “With just a little less a creation of the eighteenth century ; its abstract
ambition of fine, or smart writing, Lowell might doctrine of human equality belongs to the political
almost do for many books what Ste. Beuve has left philosopy of that era. But it has living force
undone. He has more Humour; but not nearly so when it says, as in effect it does, that man shall
much Delicacy of Perception, or Refinement of not exercise lordship over man.
When the people
Style; in which Ste. Beuve seems to me at the head of the United States, after recognizing the Fili-
of all Critics.” Finally, we may quote a few words pinos as their allies, bought them with their land of
of FitzGerald's self-deprecatory allusion to his own Spain, as they would buy the contents of a cattle-
work. In 1880 he writes of his own vogue in the ranch or a sheep-fold, and proceeded to shoot them
United States, humorously styling himself “the down for refusing to be delivered to the purchaser,
great American Pote,” and says: “As to the Amer- they surely broke away from the principles on
icans you met, if I were ten years younger I should which their own polity is built, and compromised
really be disquieted by such over-estimation as must the national character formed on respect for those
make me ridiculous here.” It was some ten years principles.” How much finer than the base ideal
that
“ Persian things” that “they have their merits, the ideal set forth in the following words : “ If
and do very well to give to Friends, and to please the Commonwealth yearns for a grander part, a
a few Readers for the time, and then to subside - grander part may be found, not in partnership with
things of Taste, not of Genius at all — which, you aggressive power, but rather in morally upholding
know, is the one thing needful.”
against aggression buman independence and the
rights of every member of the family of nations."
Professor Goldwin Smith has writ-
This has hitherto been the part consistently played
A timely essay
books larger than “Com-
by Goldwin Smith,
monwealth or Empire"(Macmillan),
by us in the theatre of world-politics. Must we
now renounce it forever? Let the closing words
but none more weighty or more clearly the utter-
of this little book answer the question for the
ance of large scholarly experience and wise philo- faint-hearted who need an answer.
“ The sun of
sophical reflection. It is a book that thoughtful humanity is behind a cloud.
humanity is behind a cloud. The cloud will pass
Americans will do well to heed, for upon their
away and the sun will shine forth again. The
decision concerning the momentous questions which
aged will not live to see it, but younger men will."
it raises the fame of our country, now banging in
the balance, will largely depend. Against our
The full fruition of the life-work of
English and
Commonwealth, he impressively urges, “three Welsh origins of the late Canon Charles Wareing
forces, distinct but converged, are now arrayed.
Bardsley, M. A., appears in “A Dic-
They are Plutocracy, Militarism, and Imperialism. tionary of English and Welsh Sarnames, with
The three instinctively conspire; to the platocrat Special American Instances" (Henry Frowde),
Imperialism is politically congenial, while he feels revised for the press by Mrs. Bardsley, with a
that Militarism impregnates society with a spirit of dedication to the late President McKinley, and a
conservatism, and may in case of a conflict of preface by the investigator's brother, the Lord
classes furnish a useful force of repression.” Oat- Bishop of Carlisle, the Right Reverend John
lining the forces whereby popular government in Wareing Bardsley, M. A. The substance of Canon
our country has been steadily undermined of recent Bardsley's valuable - English Sarnames," now in
years, and the gradual growtb of an unwritten its fifth edition, has been used for the introduction,
Constitution which is fast coming to supplant the and the entire work presents not only the most
fundamental written instrument of our liberties, he authentic but the only scholarly treatise on sur-
pertinently says: “If to any one such a forecast names in the language. The method adopted has
seems visionary, let him ask himself whether a few been based upon minute and extended research
years ago he could have dreamed that the princi- among ancient records in all parts of England and
ples of the Declaration of Independence would be Wales, and the occurrence of family names in
-
ten many
surnames.


166
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
a
&
mediaval Rome.
names on
Edward
Roroland Sil.
these is noted in every case, with the authority. incomplete as was his work, it revealed qualities
Followed through several centuries in this manner, which distinguish poetry of the highest order, - a
with a comparatively slight inquiry into the same finished and facile expression, dignity, simplicity,
names in the United States, founded upon the city and sincerity, unflinching idealism, and true love
directories of New York, Philadelphia, Boston, of nature. The present edition is limited to 500
and Worcester, Mass., the lexicographer has been copies, all of which, we note, have now been sub-
able to settle many disputed questions in the face scribed for.
of family traditions and prepossessions. The name
The “Story of the Nations " series
“Howard,” for instance, is traced to two distinct The story of
(Putnam) adds to its list a volume on
origins, one official, from “hayward,” and the other
"Mediæval Rome,” by Mr. William
from the Christian name “Hereward." The at-
Miller, M. A., covering the five centuries lying be-
tempt to connect “Howard ” with “hogward” is
tween Hildebrand (1073) and Clement VIII.
made futile by proof that this official title becomes
(1600). Medieval Rome, like medieval Greece,
“Hoggart” in modern nomenclature. Too much
has attracted less general attention than the clas-
praise can hardly be awarded these efforts of Canon
sical period; yet without some knowledge of its
Bardsley to throw light upon one of the darkest of
chequered annals, one cannot fully appreciate and
dark places in etymology, and the hope may be ex-
enjoy a large part of the archeological and artistic
pressed that some person or persons of equal fitness
treasures of the Eternal City. Moreover, the per-
will perform a similar task for Irish and Scotch
iod is full of a romance and poetry and tragedy
one hand, and those of continental
of its own. The meteor-like course of Hildebrand,
European origin on the other, thus covering the
the life and death of Arnold of Brescia, the mas-
entire field.
terful figure of the Third Innocent, the melan-
The poetry of
choly failure of the dreamer Cola di Rienzo and
Since the publication of his first
slender volume in 1868, the circle
his still more unfortunate disciple Porcaro, the
of admirers of Edward Rowland
crimes of the Sixth Alexander, and the pomps and
Sill's poetic genius has slowly but steadily widened,
pageants of Leo X., — all these fall within this
until to-day the permanence of his literary reputa.
period. The story in the main is gloomy; the
tion seems assured. Notwithstanding this continued
feuds and fevers, the appalling crimes and stu-
growth of interest, Sill's poetry has so far been
pendous criminals in high places, the want of prin-
accessible only in the four or five small volumes,
ciple in all classes, fill the larger spaces on the
issued at irregular intervals, in which it originally
Still, with all its faults, the Roman life
appeared. It is only now, more than fifteen years
of the Middle Ages cannot have been without its
after the poet's untimely death, that his work is
charm. The dreamy old ruins which fired the
brought together in a single volume. For the tar-
fancy of a Petrarch and a Rienzi must have looked
diness of this good office, however, ample atone-
more poetic in their deserted savageness than the
ment is made by the manner in which it has at
trimly-kept excavations of to-day. It was a quaint
last been performed, Produced by the depart- fancy of the old Romans to spell the name of their
ment of limited editions" at the Riverside Press,
city, Roma, backward, and call it Amor — Love.
and published by Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.,
Even a modern, provided he fully enters into the
the volume containing “ The Poems of Edward
spirit of its extraordinary and still unfinished
Rowland Sill” is one which, in beauty and per-
career, gladly accepts this transposition. Whether
fection of typography, would do honor to the work
ruled by Kings, by a Republic, by Emperors, or by
of any writer. The general form and workman-
Popes, there is not a page of her history we can
ship are characterized throughout by a dignified
afford to miss, and each contributes to the charm
restraint singularly in keeping with the character
which comes with the very utterance of the word
of the verse.
Rome.
The text is printed upon hand-made
paper of strong fibre and unglazed surface, from
The Right Reverend John Lancaster
type of a simple modern face. No display or orna- Bishop Spalding. Spalding, Bishop of Peoria, occu-
mentation of any sort is used ; a frontispiece por-
pies a leading position among his
trait in photogravure, and a small woodcut on the brother prelates of the Roman Church. Like
title-page, constitute the only embellishment. A nearly all of these dignitaries, he is an adminis-
statement of the principal facts in the poet's brief trator, a theologian, and an educator. But while
career is given as an introduction. The volume in such cases the emphasis is usually laid upon the
contains practically all of Sill's published verse, two former of these offices, in his case it is to be
together with several poems hitherto uncollected; placed rather upon the last of the three. Add to
so that we are now given opportunity for the first this a pronounced trend toward literature, shown
time of surveying his poetical achievement as a by the publication of several volumes of verse
whole. The result cannot fail to increase our re- besides numerous essays and reviews, and marked
spect for the author and his work, and our regret ability as an orator, both in and out of the pulpit,
that his career should have been cut short when it and it becomes evident that we have here an
had only just begun. Brief as his career was, and American of real influence. The latest volume
canvas8.
66
9)
-


1902.]
167
THE DIAL
9
re-
66
the late war.
from his pen, “Religion, Agnosticism, and Educa- not bear in mind that to the majority of well-bred
tion" (McClurg), comes, therefore, with claim to English-speaking people all these varied amuse-
the most serious consideration at the hands of his ments are held in equal detestation. The book
fellow.citizens, to none of whom does he yield in brings vividly to mind the fact that, while the
point of attachment to the institutions of his nativo churches and other agencies for good are usually
land. Bishop Spalding's reputation as a scholar is punctual in closing their doors and bidding good-
abundantly sustained by the two papers which lead night to the world soon after sunset, the agents of
his book, on “Religion” and “Agnosticism evil are just then beginning their propagandas,
spectively. It is hardly too much to say that in the old story of the strait and narrow way, and the
these he has given a history of philosophic thought broad path that leads to destruction. Mr. Machray
not surpassed for thoroughness and succinctness in was accompanied on his tours of discovery by Mr.
modern writing. These are followed by a more Tom Browne, the illustrator, and the twain have
openly controversial chapter in the form of a reply worked together with effective harmony. All sorts
to the late Robert G. Ingersoll, entitled “God in of scenes and things disclosed themselves to the two
the Constitution.” The remaining essays are de- inquirers, most of them forming discouraging read-
voted to education and religion, closing with an ing to those who like to think London an advance
impassioned and eloquent tribute to the Mother upon imperial Rome in affairs of the spirit. From
Church, “The Victory of Love.” Few books bet- the dissipations of the great world and the little, the
ter worth attention have been lately put forth, the story wanders away, toward the end of the volume,
author's felicity of diction alone entitling these to the coasts of Bohemia ; and here the night life
essays to consideration from those who appreciate of modern civilization presents itself at its best.
literary style.
“For Bohemia,” Mr. Machray observes, “is not
Two late additions to the “Mediseval the name of a country, or a place, or even of a
Two interesting
Towns” series (Dent-Macmillan) quarter,' but is that of a condition, a state of mind
mediaeval towns.
are Cairo ” by Dr. Stanley Lane- and heart, the outward expression of a temperament
Poole, and “ Chartres" by Cecil Headlam. The which revels in the joy of life.”
most interesting things are always the unfamiliar;
what one goes to Cairo to see is the real Eastern
A pro-Boer
Mr. Michael Davitt's account of
life in its Eastern setting. No better guide to this narrative of “ The Boer Fight for Freedom”
strange country because no one has studied it
(Funk & Wagnalls) is an excellent
longer or more intimately — could be found than antidote to the history of the same event prepared
the Professor of Arabic in Trinity College, Dublin. by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. That is, it errs
Only from one who writes out of a full mind do we about as far on the side of the burghers as Sir
get a book written with such simplicity and sense Arthur's does on the side of the British, both being
of proportion. The European changes of the last written from a frankly declared point of view which
twenty years are ignored as far as possible, the makes them controversial 'narratives rather than
illustrations being chosen from the earlier period, sober recitals of fact. Mr. Davitt, it will be re-
and the text aiming to reproduce the associations membered, rosigned his seat in Parliament upon
that lend the city its deepest interest. — In the vol-
-
the breaking out of war between the Republics and
ome on Chartres, the main interest is a religious Great Britain, in order to go to the front- with
one; the cathedral its chief glory, felt by everyone the burghers, of course. During his extended so-
but by no one so well described as by Lowell : journ he became well acquainted with the leaders
"Silent and grey as forest-leagured cliff
of the Dutch, and he has dedicated his work to the
Loft inland by the ocean's slow retreat."
memory of General Philip Botha. It may be said
Naturally, the most interesting chapters to the that this account of the war is more complete than
reader are the ones dealing with this wonderful
any
other now before the public, the information
fane. Mr. Headlam is both discriminating and on the British side being accessible to the world,
eloquent here, and shows himself a genuine appro- while it is only through such an experience as this
ciator from every point of art and human interest, that one can obtain the burghers' side of a con-
The numerous etchings by Herbert Railton are not troversy so inflamed by race hatred and the horrors
the least charming feature of a thoroughly delight of war. Mr. Davitt has used this knowledge to the
fal volume.
utmost, setting down his facts with righteous indig-
A study
“The Night Side of London " (Lip- nation against the aggressor that makes his pages
of London pincott) is a study in those forbidden fairly barn. The whole narrative, long as it is,
by night.
things which make so profound an comes with a rush and vigor, an enthusiasm over
appeal to the adolescent - in either years or morals. the early successes of the republican arms, a pity
Mr. Robert Machray knows the world's metropolis for chivalry so often mistaken, and an inherited
thoroughly, and he rambles from the balls, dinners, disbelief in the protestations of Great Britain which
theatre parties and little suppers of the “smart set" hold the attention, if not always the approval, of
to the diversions of the “ hooligans " with an abrupt the reader. Numerous illustrations, reproductions
ness that would be disconcerting if the reader did of photographs, aid in the effectiveness of the story.
-
&
-


168
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
+
1
1
Mrs. W. K. Clifford's second drama,
Mrs. Clifford's
NOTES.
“ The Long Duel” (John Lane), is
second drama
founded' upon a short story pub- A new novel by Rev. Charles M. Sheldon entitled
lished ten years ago, one of the few of her earlier " The Reformer" will be issued in November by the
tales that was not of tragical import. And even Advance Publishing Co.
this, though a comedy of modern life in the full Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. publish: Professor Fer-
sense of the word, comes near to satire in its
nando Sanford's “ Elements of Physics,” an elemen-
tary text for the use of secondary schools.
bringing together of two lovers long separated, one
a French painter of the first distinction, and the
Scott's “ Lady of the Lake,” edited by Mr. Edwin
Ginn, is published by Messrs. Ginn & Co. in their series
other an Englishwoman ennobled by the mercenary
of “Standard English Classics” for schools.
marriage she had made when the artist, little more
Volume II. of the recent edition of Professor J. P.
than a student then, was discarded. A love-match
Gordy's “ Political History of the United States” has
between two young people in whom these elders just been published by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co.
are interested, one on either side, brings up the The well-known educational series of Dr. L. Sauyeur,
earlier circumstance to both. Lady Harlekston devoted to the study of French and other languages,
persuades Carbouche to paint her portrait. This will hereafter be issued by Mr. William R. Jenkins of
he does, in a spirit of revenge, only too truthfully. New York.
She revenges herself in turn by persuading him, “ Studies in United States History," by Miss Sara
through tender recollections artfully brought for M. Riggs, is a syllabus of classified topics, with many
ward, to erase the lines which age and easy living
references, for the use of teachers in high schools.
Messrs. Ginn & Co. are the publishers...
have put in her face, and, this done, by turning
upon him as one whom she had fooled. Carbouche
“ Elements of English Composition," a third book in
has the painting destroyed, and the play might
the “Mother Tongue " series of Messrs. Ginn & Co., is
have been onded there, with a psychological and George Lyman Kittredge and Dean Šarah Louise
the joint work of Professors John Hays Gardiner
tragedy of the sort Mrs. Clifford has been so fond
Arnold. It is a text for the use of high schools.
of. But a fourth act follows, in which the painter The latest Bulletin of the Bureau of American Eth-
learns for the first time that the Lord Harlekston nology is a monograph upon “ Kathlamet Texts,” pre-
he has met is the stepson of the woman he had pared by Dr. Franz Boas. This is the first issue of a
loved, and that she is a widow. So the curtain new series having the Indian languages for their gen-
falls, not too convincingly, apon a "happy ending."
eral subject.
Messrs. Eldredge & Brother are the publishers of
Professor James Morgan Hart's “The Essentials of
Prose Composition," which is an excellent working
BRIEFER MENTION.
text for high schools, based upon the teaching expe-
rience of many years.
Mr. Paget Toynbee's “Dante Studies and Researches"
(Dutton) is a volume of chips from the workshop in
A new “ Atlas of the Geography and History of the
which the author's great “ Dictionary” was fashioned.
Ancient World," designed for school and college use,
The contents are, for the most part, extensions of mat-
will be issued this month by Messrs. Benj. H. Sanborn
ters briefly treated in the “ Dictionary” and have been
& Co. The work consists of thirty-three carefully-
published, with a few exceptions, in various learned
printed maps, with a complete index.
periodicals, English, American, Italian, and French. Professor B. O. Pierce's “ Elements of the Theory
Among the longer studies we may mention the follow-
of the Newtonian Potential Function,” now published
ing : “Dante and the Lancelot Romance," "Some Ob- by Messrs. Ginn & Co. in a third edition, is enlarged to
ligations of Dante to Albertus Magnus,” “Dante's
about three times the dimensions of the earlier editions,
Latin Dictionary," and the review of Professor Rajno's thus being substantially a new work.
text of the “ De Vulgari Eloquentia.” The majority Although issued at the beginning of the summer
of the articles are mere notes, but they represent an season, the demand for Mr. Montgomery Carmichael's
extraordinary amount of research, and are made fully delightful little volume, "The Lady Poverty," has
"
accessible to the student by a comprehensive index. been such that the American publishers, Messrs. Ten-
A new edition of the Rev. Alexander Dyce's “Glog-
nant & Ward, have lately arranged for a second ship-
sary to the Works of William Shakespeare," edited by
ment of the book from London.
Mr. Harold Littledale, has just been published by
The “Portrait Catalogue” of Messrs. Houghton,
Messrs. E. P. Dutton & Co. The chief task of the re- Mifflin & Co. is so much more than a mere trade list
viser has been to alter the reference figures in such that its appearance in a new and revised edition calls
manner as to make them useful with other texts than for a word of mention. A new style of typography
that of Dyce. Although Schmidt's “ Lexicon” and Bart- has been adopted throughout, and a number of addi-
lett's “Concordance" have both been published since tional portraits are now included.
the first appearance of this “ Glossary,” it may fairly be “The Reference Catalogue of Current Literature"
said that they do not take its place. At the same time for 1902 has been published by Messrs. J. Whitaker
we have from the Industrial Publication Co., a new & Sons, and is distributed in this country from the
work of somewhat similiar scope, entitled “The Shakes- office of the New York “ Publishers' Weekly." This
peare Cyclopædia and New Glossary," prepared by work, as all booksellers know, is made up of the trade
Mr. John Phin, and furnished with an introduction by catalogues of all the English publishers, bound up in
Professor Dowden.
two volumes rather thicker than they are long or


1902.)
169
THE DIAL
9
"
9
"
broad, and supplied with an exhaustive index. This
index is of course the means by which the vast mass
of material is made available, and, in the present
case, gives us nearly one hundred and forty thousand
subject, title, and author references, which fill no less
than eight hundred pages.
Mr. Theodore L. De Vinne, who has recently issued
books on “ Plain Printing Types" and “Correct Com-
position,” will soon publish through the Century Co. a
volume on “Title-Pages," designed to be an aid to
printers and publishers, and also interesting to those
who care for the making of fine books.
W. E. Channing's biography of Thoreau has been so
long out of print that the announcement of a new edition,
embodying additional material left by Channing, is a
welcome one. The volume will be supplied with an
introduction, notes, and a full index by Mr. F. B. San-
born, and will be issued in attractive typographical
form by Mr. Charles E. Goodspeed of Boston.
In response to the increasing demand for historical
literature, Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. announce a
scheme which they have long had under consideration,
of a uniform series of reprints of stavdard historical
novels. They expect the coöperation of an English house
famous for its success with several series of books se-
lected and made with extraordinary taste and discretion.
The “Summer Classes for the Study of English,"
under the direction of Mrs. H. A. Davidson and Prof.
S. C. Hart of Wellesley College, were held this year
at Delhi, New York. The organization of this small
special school is that of a club of persons drawn to-
gether by similar purposes and tastes, and the courses
of study offered were entirely within the field of
English.
For several days it was feared that Prof. Angelo
Heilprin had been lost in the recent eruption of Mt.
Pelée, and the news that he is returning to this country
with a large amount of fresh information means a dis-
tinct addition to our scientific knowledge. He proposes
embodying his experience and scientific deductions in a
work now nearly complete, and to be published this fall
by J. B. Lippincott Company.
The Fall list of Messrs. A. C. McClarg & Co. is
the most important and attractive ever presented by
this house, evincing in both literary and mechanical
features altogether new and progressive standards.
The first books to appear will be Mr. Will Payne's
volume of short stories, “On Fortune's Road”; a
translation of Felix Dahn's “ A Captive of the Roman
Eagles," by Miss Mary J. Safford; “In Argolis," an
account of a Summer in Greece, by Mr. George Hor-
ton, beautifully printed at the Merrymount Press; and
two new volumes by Mr. George P. Upton, “ Musical
Pastels” and “The Standard Light Operas."
During the Autumn five books will be issued by the
"department of special editions” of The Riverside
Press. The most important of these, and also the most
ambitious work yet undertaken by the Press, will be a
reprint of the Essays of Montaigne, in Florio's trans-
lation, edited by Mr. George B. Ives. This edition
will appear in three folio volumes, printed from a
specially-designed font of type, and illustrated with
frontispiece portraits, decorative headings and initials,
engraved on wood. The other Fall issues will consist
of Gabriel Naude's " Instruction concerning Erecting
of a Library,” reprinted from the English translation
of 1661; the Anti-Slavery Papers of James Russell
Lowell, now first collected ; a hitherto unpublished
“Journal of a Tour in the Netherlands," from the pen
of Robert Southey ; and a quarto reprint of Spenser's
“ Prothalamion” and “Epithalamion,” with photogra-
vures and a title-page vignette from drawings by Mr.
Edwin H. Blashfield.
The University of Chicago Press will publish this
month a work by Mr. Ralph C. H. Catterall on * The
Second Bank of the United States,” treating at length
both the monetary and political questions connected
with that institution. In the series of preprints from
the “University of Chicago Decennial Publications”
there will appear at once “ The Physical Characters of
the Indians of Southern Mexico" by Prof. Frederick
Starr, “The Treatment of Nature in the Works of
Nikolaus Lenau” by Prof. Camillo von Klenze, and
“ Concerning the Modern German Relatives · Das'
and • Was' in Clauses dependent upon Substantivized
Clauses” by Prof. Starr Willard Cutting. The Press
also announces a volume by Miss Katharine Elizabeth
Dopp on “ The Place of Industry in Elementary Edu-
cation."
It is so very many years ago that the poem of “Fes-
tus" leaped into meteoric fame, winning the applause
of Tennyson and being likened to “ Faust,” that many
persons must have been surprised to read of the author's
death only a few days ago. Philip James Bailey was
born in 1816, and has just died at the age of eighty-
six. “Festus” was published in 1839, and passed
through many editions in both England and America.
To the present generation the poem is unknown except
as a curious phenemenon in literary history. William
Allen Butler is another writer known chiefly by a single
poem who has died this month. He was born in 1825,
and was one of the foremost of New York lawyers.
“ Nothing to Wear” was published anonymously in
1857, and was not acknowledged by the author until
several years afterwards.
The literary achievements of Indiana have been
made the subject of a good many newspaper articles,
which have had much to say about certain popular but
unimportant writers, and have usually forgotten to
mention the man to whom the state owes its chief lit-
erary distinction.
Edward Eggleston made Indiana
famous at a time when literature was almost an un-
known quantity west of the Alleghanies, and his death
is a loss to the whole country. Born in 1837, his
early years were spent among rural surroundings, from
which he was unconsciously absorbing
the material that
he afterwards used with such vivid effect in his novels.
He was unable to get a college education, and entered
the Methodist ministry at the age of nineteen. When
about thirty years of age, he gave up ministerial for
editorial work, and, a few years later removed to the
East. With the exception of “The Graysons,” his
popular novels were written during the seventies. The
best known of them are “ The Hoosier Schoolmaster,"
“ The End of the World,” “The Mystery of Metrop-
olisville," “ The Circuit Rider,” and “Roxy.” During
the last twenty years of his life, his energies were
almost wholly devoted to his works on American his-
tory, for which he prepared himself by a long period
of extensive and patient research. Besides his school
books in this department, he wrote “ The Beginners of
a Nation” and “The Transit of Civilization." He died
on the third of this month at his country home on
Lake George, where the greater part of his later years
were spent.
»
9


170
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
ANNOUNCEMENTS OF FALL BOOKS.
THE DIAL presents herewith its annual list of books
announced for Fall and Winter publication. This list
is, as usual, the first comprehensive and classified in-
formation regarding the Fall books to be given the
book-purchasing public. Entry is here made of over
fourteen hundred titles, representing the output of fifty
leading American publishers. The list has been pre-
pared entirely from advance information secured espe-
cially for this purpose. All the books entered are
presumably new books new editions not being in-
cluded unless having new form or matter; and, with a
few necessary exceptions, the list does not include Fall
books already issued and entered in our regular List of
New Books.
The more important literary features of the list are
commented upon in the leading editorial in the present
issue.
-
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
The Life of William Ewart Gladstone, by Rt. Hon John
Morley, M.P., 3 vols., Illus. in photogravure, etc.-
Memories of a Hundred Years, by Edward Everett
Hale, 2 vols., illus.-Life of Sir George Grove, by C.
L. Graves.-Life of the Right Rev. Brooke Foss West-
cott, D.D., late Lord Bishop of Durham, by his son,
Rev. Arthur Westcott, 2 vols., with photogravure por-
traits.-Life of Charlotte M. Yonge, by Christabel R.
Coleridge, illus. in photogravure, etc.-English Men of
Letters Series, new vols.: Tennyson, by Sir Alfred Ly-
all, K.C.B.; Ruskin, by Frederic Harrison; Jane Aus.
ten, by H. C. Beeching, M.A.; Crabbe, by Alfred Ain.
ger; Hobbes, by Sir Leslie Stephen, Litt.D.; Brown-
ing, by G. K. Chesterton; Richardson, by Austin Dob-
son; Lowell, by Henry van Dyke, D.D.; Emerson, by
George Edward Woodberry; Franklin, by Owen Wis-
ter; Whittier, by Thomas Wentworth Higginson.-
Foreign Statesmen Series, new vol.: Mazarin, by Ar-
thur H. Hassall.-Lights and Shadows of a Long
Episcopate, by Rt. Rev. Henry Benjamin Whipple,
D.D., new and cheaper edition. (Macmillan Co.)
Christopher Columbus, by John Boyd Thacher, 3 vols.,
illus.-William Morris, poet, craftsman, socialist, by
Elisabeth Luther Cary, illus. in photogravure, $3.50
net.-Library editions of previous works by Miss Cary,
comprising: Browning, Tennyson, and The Rossettis;
each with photogravure frontispiece and other illus-
trations, $2.50.-Famous Families of New York, his-
torical and biographical sketches, by Margherita Ar-
lina Hamm, 3 vols., illus.—The American Immortals,
records of the men whose names are inscribed in the
Hall of Fame, by George Cary Eggleston, illus., $10.
net.--The Youth of La Grande Mademoiselle (1627-
1652), by Arvède Barine, authorized translation by
L. G. Meyer, Illus.--Memoirs of François René, VI-
comte de Chateaubriand, trans. by Alexander Teixeira
de Mattos, Vols. V. and VI., completing the work, 11.
lus., per vol., $3.75 net.-Keats and his Circle, by
Henry C. Shelley, illus.-St. Augustine and his Age,
by Joseph McCabe, with portrait, $2. net.-The Sons of
St. Francis, by A. MacDonell, illus., $3.50 net.-Life
and Times of Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford, together
with a study of the literary and political conditions
of the age of Queen Anne, illus.- Tolstoi as Man and
Artist, with an essay on Dostoievski, by Dmitri Mere-
jowski, authorized translation.-Heroes of the Nations
Series, new vol.: Augustus Cæsar, and the Organization
of the Empire of Rome, by J. B. Firth, M.A., illus.,
$1.35 net. (G. P. Putnam's Sons.)
American Men of Letters Series, new vols.: Henry Wads-
worth Longfellow, by Thomas Wentworth Higginson;
Nathaniel Hawthorne, by George E. Woodberry; each
with portrait, $1.10 net; also limited uncut edition,
each $1.50 net.-Daniel Ricketson and his Friends,
edited by Anna and Walton Ricketson, illus., $4. net.
-Life and Correspondence of Henry Ingersoll Bow-
ditch, by his son, Vincent Y. Bowditch, 2 vols., illus.
in photogravure, etc.-Molière, by Leon H. Vincent.
(Houghton, Mifflin & Co.)
The Romance of My Childhood and Youth, by Mme.
Adam (Juliette Lamber), with portrait.-My Life in
Many States and in Foreign Lands, written in the
Mills Hotel in my 74th year, by George Francis Train,
illus.-The Story of a Strange Career, belng the au-
tobiography of a convict, an authentic document, edit.
ed by Stanley Waterloo, $1.20 net.-Sir William John.
son, by Augustus C. Buell, illus., $1. net.-Great Com-
manders Series, new vol.: Admiral Porter, by James
Russell Soley, with portrait, $1.50 net.-Personal Rem-
iniscences of Bismarck, by Sidney Whitman, with por-
traits.---Daniel Boone, by Reuben Gold Thwaites, il-
lus., $1. net.-Sir William Pepperell, by Noah Brooks,
$1. net. (D. Appleton & Co.)
Bret Harte, an authorized biography, by T. Edgar Pem.
berton, Illus. $3.50 net.-Life of James Martineau, by
Rev. James Drummond, M.A., 2 vols., $10. net.-An-
tonio Stradivari, his life and work, prepared by Messrs.
W. E. Hill & Sons, illus. in color, etc.—The Auto-
biography of a “Newspaper Girl," by Elizabeth L.
Banks, $1.20 net.-Modern English Writers, new vol.:
Thackeray, by Charles Whlbley, $1. net.—The Founder
of Mormonism, a psychological study of Joseph Smith,
Junior, by I. Woodbridge Riley, $1.50 net. (Dodd,
Mead & Co.)
The Life of the Right Hon. Professor F. Max Müller,
K.M., by Mrs. Max Müller, 2 vols., with portraits.-
James the Sixth and the Gowrie Mystery, by Andrew
Lang, illus. in photogravure, etc.--Rochester, and
Other Literary Rakes of the Court of Charles II., by
the author of "The Life of Sir Kenelm Digby," with
portraits.-The Adventures of Captain John Smith, by
E. P. Roberts, illus., $1.50 net.-Mallet Du Pan and
the French Revolution, by Bernard Mallet, with por-
trait. (Longmans, Green, & Co.)
Daniel Webster, by John Bach McMaster, with special
reference to Webster's political career, illus., $2. net.-
Recollections of a Player, by James H. Stoddart, with
introduction by William Winter, illus., $1.80 net.-
Biography of a Prairie Girl, by Eleanor Gates. Tulley,
$1.50.- Abraham Lincoln, a short life, condensed by
John G. Nicolay from Nicolay and Hay's life of Lin-
coln, with frontispiece, $2.40' net. (Century Co.)
Hogarth, by Austin Dobson, with introduction on Ho-
garth's workmanship, by Sir Walter Armstrong, Illus.
in photogravure and colors, $25. net.-Jeanne D'Arc,
with introduction and critical notes by T. Douglas
Murray, illus., $5. net.-Dante and his time, by Karl
Federn, illus., $2.net.-Maxim Gorky, his life and
writings, by Dr. E. J. Dillon.-Nancy Hanks, the story
of Abraham Lincoln's mother, by Caroline Hanks
Hitchcock, illus., 50 cts. (McClure, Phillips & Co.)
Memoirs of a Contemporary, trans. and edited by Lionel
Strachey, illus., $2.75 net.-Andrew Carnegie, a char-
acter sketch of his life, by Bernard Alderson, illus.,
$1.40 net.-Life of James Madison, by Gaillard Hunt,
illus., $2.50 net. (Doubleday, Page & Co.)
Memoirs of Bishop Burnet, edited with prefatory essay
by Miss H. F. Foxcroft.-Asser's Life of King Albert,
together with the Annals of Saint Neots, edited by
W. H. Stevenson, M.A. (Oxford University Press.)
Herbert Spencer, the man, the scientist, and the phil-'
osopher, by Dr. Charles H. Rider, with introduction
by President David Starr Jordan, with photogravure
portrait, $1.50 net. (A. C. McClurg & Co.)
Thoreau, his home, friends, and books, by Annie Rus-
sell Marble, illus. in photogravure, $2. net.-Robert :
Browning, by Stopford A. Brooke, $1.50 net. (T. Y.
Crowell & Co.)
Alexander Dumas (père), his life and works, by Arthur
F. Davidson, illus.-The Summits of Success, careers
and achievements of notable men, by James Burnley,
$1.50 net. (J. B. Lippincott Co.)
A Doffed Coronet, by the author of "The Martyrdom
of an Empress," illus., $2.25 net. (Harper & Brothers.)
With Napoleon at St. Helena, from the memoirs of Dr.
John Stokoe, naval surgeon, by Paul Frémaux,, trans.
by Edith S. Stokoe, illus., $1.50 net. (John Lane.)
Napoleon I., by A. Fournier, trans. under the editorship
of Prof. Edward C. Bourne, with bibliography. (Henry
Holt & Co.)
A Maker of the New Orient, Samuel Rollins Brown,
pioneer educator in China, America, and Japan, by
William Elliot Griffis, L.H.D., illus., $1.25 net.--Old
Time Student Volunteers, my memories of missionaries,
by Henry Clay Trumbull, $1. net. (F. H. Revell Co.)


1902.)
171
THE DIAL
.
Recollections of a Long Life, an autobiography, by Rev.
A History of the Nineteenth Century Year by Year, by
Edwin Emerson, Jr., with introduction by Georg Gott-
fried Gervinus, 3 vols., illus. in color, etc., $3.60 net.-
History of Scotland, by Andrew Lang, Vol. II., $3.50
net. (Dodd, Mead & Co.)
The American Merchant Marine, its history and romance
from 1660 to 1902, by Winthrop L. Marvin, $2. net.-
The Private Soldier under Washington, by Charles
Knowles Bolton, $1.25 net. (Charles Scribner's Sons.)
Social New York under the First Georges, by Esther
Singleton, illus.-Story of the West Series, new vol.:
The Story of the Trapper, by A, C. Laut, illus. (D.
Appleton & Co.)
Historical Essays and Reviews, by Mandell Creighton,
D.D., edited by Louise Creighton, $2.-Historical Es-
says, by Right Rev. William Stubbs, D.D., edited by
Arthur Hassall, M.A. (Longmans, Green, & Co.)
The True History of the American Revolution, by Syd-
ney George Fisher, illus., $2. , net. (J. B. Lippincott
Co.)
Mediæval Europe, 395-1370,' by Ch. Bemont and G.
Monod, translation edited by Prof. C. H. Adams.-Po-
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176
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176
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1902.]
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A Summary Catalogue of Bodlelan MSS., by F. Madan,
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icon of the Old Testament, based on the lexicon of
Gegeniuss, as trans. by E. Robinson, Part X.-A Com-
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178
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luxe, on Japan paper, with duplicate set of plates, $50.


180
(Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
Memories, by Max Müller, holiday edition from new
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Venice, by Grant Allen, 2 vols., illus. in photogravure,
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1902.]
181
THE DIAL
&
With the Flag in the Channel, or The Adventures of
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Romance of Modern Invention, by Archibald Williams,
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& Co.)


182
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
as
The Night before Christmas, illus. in colors by W. W.
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The
Historic Highways of America
By ARCHER BUTLER HULBERT
A Series of Monographs on the History of America as portrayed in the evolution
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»
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“ The old Indian trails have always had a fascination for me."-President Roosevelt.
“ I think very highly of your plan as outlined in your prospectus. The history of American trails and
carries in colonial times, of paths, roads, and highways in our national beginnings, and of our great lake,
river, and railroad traffic in later times, is and has been of the first importance in our social and political
history. Mr. Hulbert has shown himself abundantly able to investigate the subject and put in good form
the results of his labors."— William M. Sloane, Princeton University.
“ An experienced worker in his chosen field.”—Nation.
“ As shown by his publications, and still more by the manuscript of prospective work which I have
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a field in which ethnology, archæology, and history blend in most enticing fashion. The ways trod by our
pioneer ancestors, by the Red Men before them, and by beasts of the woodland and prairie still earlier,
onght to have place in our knowledge; they are gone from the maps and are fading from memory.
Mr. Hulbert is helping us to hold fast to our rightful heritage."—W.). McGee, Smithsonian Institution.
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work on Western history; they make much of the military and pioneer period easier to understand and em-
pbasize the close connection of physiography and history." — Frederick J. Turner, University of Wisconsin.
“ I learn with great pleasure that you are intending to enlarge your series of monographs on Historio
Highways of America. This important subject has been too little treated. I have found the volumes
that you have published both interesting and instructive, and I am sure that historians throughout the
country will thank you for continuing your valuable researches.”—Albert Bushnell Hart, Harvard University.
“ The author has the true historic spirit, the rich imaginative vision, and the true descriptive power
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new literary forms and tendencies, and the
writing guild is everywhere quick to seize upon
new motives and situations, whatever their
No. 391. OCT. 1, 1902. Vol. XXXIII. origin. No literature of the present day is as
.
self-contained as every literature was fifty or
CONTENTS.
a hundred years ago, and we are constantly
called upon to witness a confusion of styles
and ideals resulting from our generous modern
LITERARY COSMOPOLITANISM
. 201
outlook upon life. It is not merely that the
commanding personalities of contemporary lit-
REMINISCENCES
AN OCTOGENARIAN.
erature attract widespread attention in other
Percy F. Bicknell
205
countries than their own, — that has always in
TWO RIVAL CONTESTANTS FOR A CONTI-
a measure been the case, but it is rather that
NENT. Francis Wayland Shepardson.
writers of quite secondary importance, if pos-
206
sessed of any distinctive qualities of thought
MR. BRYCE ON THE PROBLEMS OF RACE.
or expression, now find translators in every
Kelly Miller
208
country, and their voices penetrate to the re-
mote parts of the earth.
SOME MUSICAL INTIMACIES. Wallace Rice 210 We are inclined to think that the share of
America in this modern broadening of literary
A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AMERICAN HISTORY. interest has been considerable. It may be for
F. H. Hodder.
212
the reason that our own production has not
thus far been as remarkable as we could wish,
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
213
or it may be because of the variety of racial
Eighteenth century Scotch men of letters.- Chron-
elements that have become blended in our
icles of an old royal palace. — Booker Washington
society, that we have extended so cordial a wel.
on character building. — The making of the Amer-
come to the books that have come to us from
ican army officer. A chronicle of the wanderer.-
British raillery at the land of Scots. ---- Thwaites's
other nations. It is certainly true that from
life of Marquette. -- A charming biography of Wil-
the days of Emerson's Concord with its at-
liam Black.
mosphere of intellectual curiosity down to the
days in which we now live the American atti-
BRIEFER MENTION
216 tude toward European literature — not En-
glish alone — has been peculiarly receptive and
NOTES
216
has evinced an unusual catholicity of taste. We
have sought for the best wherever it might be
ANNOUNCEMENTS OF FALL BOOKS
217
found, and our finer spirits, at least, lived in
(In continuation of the List contained in THE DIAL
the light of Matthew Arnold's definition of
for September 16.)
culture long before it was put into words.
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS
217
That this liberal outlook has had a stimu-
lating reaction upon English taste may hardly
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
218 be doubted. The work of such pioneers as
-
•
.


202
(Oct. 1,
THE DIAL
Ticknor and Longfellow aroused many En- are ideals absolute, and to what extent are they
glishmen to the interesting possibilities that merely relative to some particular people, or
they were neglecting ; such counsel as that of epoch, or stage in the social evolution of the
Emerson encouraged them to broaden their race ?
We know well enough that principles
view; such work as the American translations of human conduct, seemingly fundamental,
of Goetbe and Dante provided them with a bave, in the course of history, undergone slow
wholesome incentive to deal more seriously and subtle alterations of which the cumulative
with the masterpieces of foreign literature. effect has amounted in time to a complete
Coming down to more recent years, we may
transformation. And if different ideals may
say that the names of Ibsen and Tolstoi be- properly hold sway in different historical
came vitally significant in America before they periods, may they not properly hold sway at
did in England; we may notice that Amer- the same time among different peoples ? In
ican translations of Balzac and Tourguénieff other words, are we so very sure that what is
and Björnson preceded the English ones, and best for Englishmen, even in their treatment
we may recall the introduction of Sienkiewicz to of the ordinary human relations, must also be
the English public by an American translator. best for Frenchmen and Germans and Italians ?
These few items of the account may stand for To
argue
that this must be the case because of
the many others that might be adduced and the evident drawing together of the moderna
to
a is
politanism the example of America has not evidently to beg the very question at issue.
been without its influence upon our kinsmen May it not rather be urged, and plausibly too,
over-sea.
that each race or nation has its own peculiar
In this binding of the nations by the ties genius, and that this genius will bring forth
of mutual sympathy and appreciation, this its finest fruits if left to develop in accordance
practice of give and take in the domain of the with the principle of its own being ?
intellectual interests, there is undoubtedly So we see that the matter is not as simple
much benefit to all concerned. To be able to as at first it appears to be. The names which
assume temporarily the attitude of the out- denote the several historical peoples have un-
sider is the best possible corrective for pro- doubtedly stood, throughout the centuries, for
vincialism, and the ideals that result from a certain distinctive groups of characteristics.
nation's own inner development need the test There would seem to be no little of the doc-
of comparison to assure their validity. Our trinaire spirit in measuring them all with the
modern commerce of thought is constantly same tape, and judging them all by the same
invoking such comparisons, and the gain to set of moral standards. Yet in this spirit the
both parties is obvious. The instinctive ideal common run of mankind formulates its histor-
either becomes a rational one, or it falls into ical judgments, as do also the professional
decay through the discovery of its irrationality. writers of history, with few exceptions. A
It is not always pleasing to our self-esteem to Greek or Roman practice is condemned out-
suffer this disillusionment, but when we have right by reference to the standards of to-day
once been made to realize that ours is not the instead of being dispassionately viewed in the
better way that the Frenchman, or the light of the civilization which it helps to illus-
-
Russian, or the Scandinavian, bas pursued a trate. Similarly, although it must be admitted
worthier ideal than ours - there is nothing for with far greater apparent justification, the
it but to accept the lesson and profit by the modern moralist almost unconsciously takes
instruction. On the other hand, it may some- the practice of his own people as the norm by
times happen that the comparison will leave us which he estimates the virtues and the short-
convinced that our own aim has been the finer, comings of all other peoples, instead of making,
and that it is our function in this respect to as he should do, a resolute effort to get into
teach and not to learn. We are then in the the moral consciousness of the race which he
fortunate case of having grounds for the faith is studying, and thus view its problems as
that is in us, and what was before an instinct matters for sympathetic interpretation rather
is now an unshakable conviction.
than for praise or disapproval.
This problem has, however, another and But we are wandering afield from our sub-
possibly a deeper aspect which we are bound ject, and must get back to the starting-point.
to take into consideration. To what extent The principle of the relativity of ideals above
-


1902.]
208
THE DIAL
a
a
set forth might be applied in the regions of house thrown open to the scholars of the Re-
law and government, of education and religion, naissance, the influence was undoubtedly for
and when we restrict its application to the good, and is writ large in the history of re-
region of literature, the limitation is more ap- viving humanism. Although the modern lit-
parent than real. A recent writer upon Ameri- . erature had made promising beginnings un-
can literature finds that the English Bible and aided by the best classical examples, it can
the English common law have to be taken hardly be doubted that the stimulus of the
largely into consideration in accounting for it, classical revival was wholly fructifying and
and the literature of every people has a way of beneficent. Even at the full flood of Renais-
getting itself mixed up with most of the deeper sance enthusiasm, the European republic of
human concerns. So in its more simplified letters was poor in numbers, and its citizens
form our question becomes this : Does the needed just such a bond of unity as was afforded
genius of a people reach its fullest and richest by their common delight in the rediscovered
expression in a literature that is reasonably works of antiquity. It is true that some could
self-contained, or are still finer results to be find no better use for these works than to hold
reached by the cultivation of an openly re- them as models for servile imitation, and it is
ceptive attitude toward the contemporary lit- also true that their influence prolonged the life
erature of other countries? We have no notion of the Latin language and retarded the devel-
of answering this question, but will remain opment of the various vernaculars of Europe,
content with having raised it, and with bring. but, on the whole, the specific genius of Italian,
ing forward a few of the larger lessons of lit- or French, or English did not lack in the power
erary history that seem to have some bearing of self-assertion, and gained little that was not
upon its settlement.
good from the stimulating and steadying ex.
The literature of the Greeks will stand for ample of the classical masterpieces.
all time as the supreme example of a growth After the great literatures of modern Europe
from within, of the multifold and marvellous had fairly entered
had fairly entered upon their respective lines
efflorescence of the genius of a race.
Here of special national development, they did not
we find no admixture of foreign influence wholly lose the cosmopolitan character that
worth mentioning, and yet we find all the chief resulted from their common allegiance to the
forms of literary composition developed to a empire of classical antiquity. Although their
state of perfection that must ever remain our cosmopolitanism was not of the alert and com-
despair. Themselves self-taught, the Greek prehensive type that is prevalent to-day, their
writers have been the teachers of all civilized interrelations and mutual reactions form an
mankind since their day. We can surely find important part of modern literary history. No
no cause for regret in the fact that they re- view of English literature can be called philo-
mained upacquainted with either Chinese sages sophical that does not reckon with the succes-
or Hebrew prophets. The native sublimity of sive streams of influences that flowed in upon
Æschylus at least equalled that of Isaiah, and it from Italy, France, and Germany, respect-
the wisdom of Socrates and Plato surpassedively. The indebtedness of later Italian litera-
that of Confucius. With the Romans the case ture to French example and the catholic atti-
was greatly different. Before the Latin genius tude of modern German literature toward all
had the opportunity of self-realization, it fell that was best in the product of the rest of
under the spell of the Greek spirit, and assim- | Europe are equally familiar illustrations of
ilated what it might of an alien culture. The this thesis. French literature alone remained
result was a bybrid literature which repre- until the eighteenth century in a condition of
sented the best of two races, and produced a comparative isolation from outside influences,
series of fine models, yet which might con- and has, ever since the times of Rousseau and
ceivably have reached a still finer development Voltaire and the author of “De l'Allemagne,”
had it been free to work out its native ideals. preserved its indigenous characteristics and
With this idle hypothesis we must dismiss a kept its own counsel more completely than the
question that may never be answered.
literature of any other modern nation.
When the middle ages came into possession The singular position thus occupied until
of the classical inheritance, at first in frag- very recently by French literature has been
mentary and imperfectly appreciated forms, for most French writers a matter of national
afterwards in the wealth of the whole treasure. pride. They seem to have taken for granted
a


204
[Oct. 1,
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that French letters could have nothing of seri- years ago at the age of thirty-five was a heavy
ous importance to learn from foreign example. loss to French criticism, was an enthusiastic
While they have reluctantly admitted that champion of the cosmopolitan movement. To
Shakespeare and Goethe might have certain him it meant freedom from the bondage of the
merits, and be good enough poets for barba- classical tradition and safety from the degen-
rians, they have held fast to the belief that eracy that results from inbreeding, in literature
consummate modern literary art was only to no less than in life. His formula for the na-
be found in the French language, and espe- tion as well as for the individual was rester
cially in the masterpieces of the classical soi-même et pourtant s'unir aux autres. He
eighteenth century. In this comfortable be- believed cosmopolitanism to be a necessary
lief they have been rudely shaken by the oc- trait of every forceful intellect in the present
currences of recent years, for the French pub- age of thought, and foresaw the growth of a
lic has lately shown an alarming tendency to real solidarity among men through the agency
follow after strange foreign gods, and, after of letters. This doctrine he preached and this
having for many years repelled the invading he applied in his studies of comparative liter-
hordes from the North, seems suddenly to ature, although remaining essentially conser-
have reversed its ancient attitude, now welvative in temper, and insisting that the French
coming the invaders with open arms and effu- people, no matter how far its new interests
sive cordiality. Thus the question of literary may take it afield, must not allow the heredi-
cosmopolitanism has become in France not tary qualities of its genius to become weakened.
merely a living one, but an acutely controver- Whether this be a possible ideal or not the
sial one, and the occasion of much eloquent future alone can show. It is certainly an ideal
exhortation upon both sides.
toward which much of the best French thought
Among the recent writers who have dealt is tending, in common with the advanced
with this subject, M. Jules Lemaître was one thought of all the other nations of literary
of the first in the field, and the way in which importance.
he disposed of the whole question was so in- That the spirit of cosmopolitanism is des-
geniously absurd that his discussion has re- tined to influence, if not to control, the future
mained memorable. Taking Dr. Ibsen and development of the leading literatures of the
the other Scandinavians for his text, he argued world is one of the clearest signs of the times.
that all their ideas were of French origin, and in its recent conquest of the French it has cap-
that Frenchmen would therefore do much tured the last outpost of the resistance offered
better to read the books of their own fellow- in the name of national genius and racial unity.
countrymen ; that, in fact, their only reason No people henceforth will be free to live unto
for liking these foreigners was that they found itself in the forms and ideals of its literary ex-
in them the expression of French thought! pression, or to contemn the works of the alien.
Somewhat later M. René Doumic elaborated | Despite the occasional aberrations of taste and
a similar argument with respect to the Rus- extravagances of enthusiasm that may accom-
sians, whose invasion followed close upon that
,
pany the new habit of looking abroad for the
of the Scandinavians. This writer, indeed, fresh inspiration or the fertilizing thought, the
does not mince his words. He speaks of the current now sets everywhere too strongly in the
“ undoubted immorality of cosmopolitanism” direction of intellectual free trade to be in
and calls it “the school of anarchy for many danger of checks or reverses. For good or for
of the distinguished spirits of our time.” It evil—and we need hardly say that we hold it for
has its illuminati, its fanatics, and its con- good — the world is fast growing one in spirit,
vulsionists. “ Behold them in the attacks of and this at a time when, as never before, the
their delirium, the Tolstoyans, the Ibsenians, instinct of race is asserting itself as a force
the Nietzscheans — but above all do not try to
-
in the shaping of polities, and the arousing,
calm them.” While other nations are culti- among men of the same stock, of a common
vating the national spirit, France is in danger consciousness of their own distinctive char-
of bringing up “generations of dupes.” M. acter. In a word, the formula of taste is being
Doumic is really very much disturbed.
fulfilled before our very eyes in the combined
As a representative of the other point of literary, social, and political movement of the
view the late Joseph Texte is a typical figure present day among the chief peoples of our
This young writer, whose untimely death two modern world.
a


1902.]
205
THE DIAL
.
6
appearance I was somewhat startled. Instead of a
The New Books.
grave recluse in scholastic black, whom I expected to
see, I found an affable and lovable old man dressed in
the roughest coat of blue with metal buttons, and
REMINISCENCES OF AN OCTOGENARIAN.* checked trousers, more like a New York farmer than
an English poet. His nose was very large, his forehead
No straightforward account of a life devoted
a lofty dome of thought, and his long white locks hung
to noble ends can fail of being noteworthy over his stooping shoulders; his eyes presented a singu-
and helpful. Dr. Cuyler's recollections of a lar, half closed appearance. We entered at once into
life that has been both long and broad are as
a delightful conversation. He made many inquiries
about Irving, Mrs. Sigourney and our other American
uplifting as they are interesting.
authors, and spoke, with great vehemence, in favor of
Aurora, N. Y., was his birthplace, Princeton an international copyright law. He said that at one
gave him his education, both academic and time he had hoped to visit America, but the duties of
theological, and Brooklyn has been the chief
a small office which he held (Distributer of Stamps),
field of his pastoral labors. But no parochial the undertaking."
and upon which he was partly dependent, prevented
”
boundaries or sectarian dividing lines limit his
influence and repute as preacher and writer.
From his reminiscences of Dean Stanley
Extensive travel and intercourse with many
we select the following, which has reference to
men have broadened and enriched his life, so
the Dean's visit to America in 1878 :
that what he now offers us, in his modest little
“ When we entered the elevated railroad car, Stanley
volume of reminiscences of an octogenarian, is
exclaimed : This is like the cbariots on the walls of
the more valuable because of the still greater
Babylon.' With his keen interest in history he inquired
when we reached the lower part of the Bowery, near
wealth it suggests as held in reserve.
the junction of Chatham Square : "Was it not here
What most impresses us in Dr. Cuyler is that Nathan Hale, the martyr, was executed ?' and he
the admirable union of conservatism and pro-
showed then a more accurate knowledge of our local
gressiveness. Distrustful of the “new the-
history than one New Yorker in ten thousand can
boast! That was probably the exact locality, and
ology ” and the “higher criticism," he get Dean Stanley had never been there before."
braves the displeasure of the Brooklyn Pres-
bytery by inviting a Quakeress to deliver a
With Spurgeon he was on the friendliest of
terms.
religious address from his pulpit — and that,
be it added, was thirty years ago. A letter
“ Spurgeon's power lay in a combination of half a
dozen great qualities. He was the master of a vigorous
written to him by the late President Harrison Saxon English style, the style of Cobbett and Bunyan
shows our author to be as staunch an anti- and the old English Bible. He possessed a most mar-
imperialist as his correspondent. In matters
velous memory - it held the whole Bible in solution;
it retained all the valuable truth he had acquired during
literary, he says a wise word in praise of our
his immensely wide readings and it enabled him to rec-
past and in deprecation of that lessening devo-ognize any person whom he ever met before. Once,
tion to the ideal that marks an era of exuber- however, he met for the second time a Mr. Patridge
ant material prosperity. An enthusiastic ad- and called him · Partridge.' Quick as a flash he said:
vocate of temperance and a tireless laborer in
• Pardon me, sir, I did not intend to make game of
its cause, he nevertheless would carry legisla-
you.'”
tive prohibition no further than what is known
Sydney Smith's tribute to Daniel Webster's
as local option. “In theory,” he says, “I commanding appearance is historic. “That
always have been, and am to-day, a legal sup. man,” he declared," is a fraud ; for it is im-
, a
“
pressionist; but the most vital remedy of all possible for anyone to be as great as he looks.”
is to break up the demand for intoxicants, and
Dr. Cuyler is equally unrestrained in his ad-
miration.
to persuade people from wishing to buy and
drink them. That goes to the root of the evil.”
“ In the days of my boyhood the most colossal figure,
physically and intellectually, in American politics, was
Dr. Cuyler first visited Europe just after leav-
Daniel Webster. I well remember when I first put eye
ing college. As he is one of the few now living upon him. It was when I was pursuing my studies in
who have seen and talked with Wordsworth, the New York University Grammar School in prepara-
his account of a visit to Rydal Mount is worth
tion for Princeton College. I was strolling one day on
quoting from.
the Battery, and met a friend who said to me : • Yonder
goes Daniel Webster; he has just landed from that
“I was shown, at once, into the sitting-room, where
man-of-war; go and get a good look at him.' I hastened
I found him with his wife, who sat sewing beside him.
my steps and, as I came near him, I was as much awe-
The old man rose and received me graciously. By his
striken as if I had been gazing on Bunker Hill Monu-
* RECOLLECTIONS OF A LONG LIFE. An Autobiography. ment. He was unquestionably the most majestic speci-
By Theodore Ledyard Cuyler, D.D., LL.D. With portraits. men of manhood that ever trod this continent. Carlyle
New York: The Baker & Taylor Co.
called him "The Great Norseman,' and said that his
6
6


206
(Oct. 1,
THE DIAL
He says
>
6
6
eyes were like great anthracite furnaces that needed can be laid down to cover all cases.
blowing up. Coal heavers in London stopped to stare
that “ Dr. Chalmers read every line of his ser-
at him as he stalked by. . . . His complexion was a
swarthy brown. He used to say that while his hand-
mods with thrilling effect. So did Dr. Charles
some brother Ezekiel was very fair, he had all the Wadsworth in Philadelphia, and so did Phil-
soot of the family in bis face.' Such a mountain of a lips Brooks in Boston.” Surely that was a
brow I have never seen before or since."
curious kind of reading that poured in such
A walk with Whittier is thus recalled : a torrent of seemingly impromptu eloquence
“On the way I told him that not long before, when from Trinity pulpit. But Dr. Allen, in his
I quoted a verse of Bryant's to Horace Greeley, Mr. recent life of Bishop Brooks, describes him as
Greeley replied : • Bryant is all very well, but by far
writing out his sermons with the greatest care
the greatest poet this country has produced is John
- at least in his early career. Beecher, too,
Greenleaf Whittier.' • Did our friend Horace say that?'
meekly inquired Whittier, and a smile of satisfaction is cited by Dr. Cuyler as one who has been
flowed over his Quaker countenance. The man is not mistakenly regarded as an extemporaneous
born yet who does not like an honest compliment, preacher. “ He prepared most of his dis-
especially if it comes from a high quarter.”
courses carefully, and full one-half of many of
One more citation. In the darkest period them were written out.” The minister should
of the Civil War our autobiographer, in com- not dissipate his energies, says our author.
pany with his mother, called upon President His place is in his pulpit and in the homes of
Lincoln.
his parishioners; general reform movements
“ We entered the room in which the Cabinet usually must not be allowed to engross his attention.
met - and there, before the fire, stood the tall, gaunt
As to the minister's wife, her true place is in
form attired in a seedy frock-coat, with his long bair
her home, as the mother of her family; here
unkempt, and his thin face the very picture of distress.
• How is Mrs. Lincoln?' inquired my mother. Oh, is her sphere of highest usefulness.
said the President, .I have not seen her since seven The book's too frequent instances of care-
o'clock this morning; Tad, how is your mother ?' •She less workmanship (largely printer's errors,
is pretty well,' replied the little fellow, who was coiled probably) call for critical disapprobation -
up then in an arm chair. . . . We spent but a few
amid so much that is irreproachable. Perhaps
minutes with Mr. Lincoln, and when we came out my
mother exclaimed: Ob, what a cruelty to keep that the most annoying to the author will be the
man here! Did you ever see such a sad face in your designation of his writings as lubrications ;
life?'"
but we laid down and Champs des Mars are
In 1890, after forty-four years in the min. almost as bad, and less easily attributable to
istry, and at the close of a thirty-years pastorate the imp of the types.
at the Lafayette Avenue Presbyterian Church
PERCY F. BICKNELL.
of Brooklyn, Dr. Cuyler resigned his charge.
He had built up the church to a membership
of two thousand three hundred and thirty -
the third largest in the United States. A few
Two RIVAL CONTESTANTS FOR A
CONTINENT. *
closing words on the methods that led to such
success as a preacher and pastor may not be The fall of Quebec has often been consid.
out of place. Earnestness was with him the ered by students of American history as the
prime essential. His sermon, too, was always proper date of beginning of the United States ;
an outgrowth from his text; his text was not for the result of the famous movement of
a cap clapped on to a written discourse at the Wolfe up the Heights of Abraham was that
last minute. “Preach my word” he took in the menace of the ancient French foe
upon
the
its literal sense.
“When a passage from the border was removed, and the colonists, left
Holy Scripture,” he says, " has been planted comparatively free from danger, gave them-
“
as a root and well watered with prayer, the selves up to thoughts for their own political
sermon should spring naturally from it.” No and social advancement. The oft-quoted state-
time was spent by him in propping up the ment of Choiseul, that he had ceded New
Cross; it was all needed for pointing sinners France to England since they were so fond of
to it. “I never have wasted a single minute American dominion and he wanted them to
in defending God's Word in my pulpit,” he have plenty of it, was but one of several ex-
declares. “God will take care of His Word pressions which indicated that men of foresight
if we ministers only take care to preach it.” felt that a new nation was certain to develop in
Dr. Cuyler is in favor of the written sermon,
* New FRANCE AND NEW ENGLAND. By John Fiske.
though admitting that no hard and fast rule With maps. Boston: Houghton, Miffin & Co.
>


1902.)
207
THE DIAL
the western world. The American Revolution Only the first two chapters of the book, cover-
was a direct result of the change in ownership ing the early history of New France, from
of North America, and the attempt of the Cartier to Champlain's accidental arousing of
mother country to provide for the expenses of the enmity of the Iroquois, were definitely
the war by securing revenue from the colonies, prepared for the press. The third chapter,
which, it felt, had been benefitted by the out- continuing the history of New France from
come of the war, led to the series of measures 1610 to the time of Sir Thomas Temple, was
which culminated finally in the Declaration of not completed by Mr. Fiske, but bas been
Independence.
finished by another hand. The remaining
This phase of American history has been chapters, while in the form of carefully pre-
emphasized so often by writers as to become pared lectures, were not enriched by the abun-
familiar to everyone, but the history of those
dant side-notes and annotations which have
days when New France and New England ex-
been features of Mr. Fiske's other historical
isted side by side in America has not been so writings. Here again another hand has at-
well known. Indeed, there has always been a tempted to supply some of the matter which
tendency to hasten over this period and to sum- the author himself might have added. But
marize, in connection with the ending of New the reader misses in many places those skilful
France, the whole history of the years between touches which have perfected so many of Mr.
the founding of Jamestown and 1763. It is Fiske's rounded sentences. The description of
an interesting thing to recall that Champlain, the taking of Louisburg, for instance, or that
upon the St. Lawrence and under the flag of of Braddock's Defeat, or of the Fall of Quebec,
France, Hudson on the river which bears his had hardly reached final form. One feels too
name and under the flag of Holland, and the that the long chapter on “ Witchcraft in Salem
Jamestown settlers under the English banner, Village," and the shorter one on “ The Great
were active at the same time; the years 1607, Awakening,” the two making nearly a third
1608, and 1609 being the period when these of the text, occupy more space relatively than
three nations were contending for a foothold would have been the case had Mr. Fiske lived
on American soil.
to revise the work. Apart from this criticism,
It was the purpose of the late John Fiske the chapters mentioned are very interesting,
to complete his notable series of historical
and show well the author's characteristics as a
writings by a volume which should fit in
thinker and writer.
between “The Dutch and Quaker Colonies in
The title, “ New France and New England,”
America ” and “The American Revolution." suggests a contemporaneous development in
In connection with a description of the scope
America of two distinct forces. In the work-
of the volume first named Mr. Fiske wrote: ing out of the plan it was, of course, easier to
“ It is my purpose, in my next book, to deal with the describe the history of New France than that
rise and fall of New France and the development of of New England. The former practically be-
the English colonies as influenced by the prolonged gan with Cartier in 1524, and ended with the
struggle with that troublesome and dangerous neigh- Treaty of 1763, - a compact period of time.
bour. With this end in view, the history of New En-
gland must be taken up where the earlier book dropped
The impelling ideas of colonization, the char.
it, and the history of New York resumed at about the
acter of the population, the policies of the
same time, while by degrees we shall find the histories mother country, the misgovernment of the
of Pennsylvania and the colonies to the south of it swept provinces, and the final catastrophe, are facts
into the main stream of Continental history. That book
will come down to the year 1765, which witnessed the
pretty clearly, established. New France had its
ringing out of the old and the ringing in of the new,-
day and then passed from sight.
the one with Pontiac's War, the other with the Stamp In the case of New England the period is
Act. I hope to have it ready in about two years from but one part in the chain of events in the his.
now."
tory of the incipient United States, and judg-
The much-regretted death of the author pre- ments of men and of events naturally differ
vented him from giving to the present work from those formed in connection with a finished
that careful and final revision which marked career. Considering this phase of the writing,
bis other writings previous to their publication. the salient features of colonial history and the
The subject-matter was largely formulated as leading characters find satisfactory treatment.
lectures before the Lowell Institute in Boston, Due credit is given to the energetic Scotch-
and, in the case of one or two chapters, as Irish and German pioneers for their notable
lectures given in other parts of the country. I achievements in pushing westward the sinuous


208
(Oct. 1,
THE DIAL
line of settlement, and the interplay of various exploit a weak one, that this frank and candid
elements in the struggle for the mastery of the statement is indeed refreshing. Throughout
continent is well set forth. Perhaps nowhere the whole lecture one finds little or nothing
else is to be found in condensed and compact placed to the credit of “benevolent assimila-
form the essential and the striking in the his- tion.” “ The completion of this world-process
tory of the old French and Indian wars. is a specially great and fateful event, because
While, therefore, the volume lacks much of it closes a page forever.” This sentence is
that which it certainly would have contained heavily fraught with significance for the future
had Mr. Fiske been able to give to it the of civilization. When the world is placed under
thoughtful care which he gave to the other the dominance of two or three powerful na-
books in the series, it will be hailed with much tions, they will necessarily check or stop spon-
satisfaction by the thousands of his friends who taneity and independence of development in
have followed him with delight as he has re- the backward and submerged breeds. These
counted the story of America's development. will scarcely be permitted to bring forth their
FRANCIS WAYLAND SHEPARDSON. peculiar contribution to the general sum of
human culture. What will civilization then
do for fresh blood and newness of life?
The possible outcome of race-contact is an.
MR. BRYCE ON THE PROBLEMS OF RACE.* alyzed as (1) the extermination of the weaker
The recent Oxford lecture on “ The Rela.
element; (2) absorption of the weaker by the
tions of the Advanced and Backward Races of stronger ; (3) the commingling of the two;
Mankind,” by Mr. James Bryce, whom all
and (4) a continuance of separate and the
Americans have come to know and esteem as
independent racial types. It is strange that
the author of "The American Commonwealth,”
reference was not made to expulsion, some-
times of the backward, sometimes of the ad-
has already set the sociological world agog.
Although Mr. Bryce has brought forth little
vanced race, which is not an unusual means
that is new as to the relations of diverse races,
of solution. The Jews were expelled from
Egypt, the whites were driven from Haiti and
yet he has given perhaps the clearest and most
comprehensive utterance on the subject of any
San Domingo. Indications are not wanting that
authority of his eminence. The treatment, be-
the Anglo-Saxon element will be expelled from
certain sections of the Southern States known
ing limited to the compass of a single lecture,
as the Black Belt,"'_not, to be sure, vi et
is concise and thematic. One could wish that
the author might yet find time to expand this armis, but by the slow, glacial force of racial
momentum. Extinction of the weaker race is
definitely limited deliverance into a big book
which alone is adequate to so big a subject.
usually preceded by expulsion from the midst
After briefly pointing out the historic con-
of the stronger. The red Indian has been
tact of races, Mr. Bryce tells us that “Our
driven from the eastern portion of the United
States, and the natives of the oceanic islands
own time stands eminent and peculiar for this :
that it marks the completion of a process by
have first been pushed to the outer verge of
which all the races of the world have been
their native territory before succeeding waves
affected, and all the backward ones placed in
of Aryan aggression wiped them off the face
a more or less complete dependence upon the
of the earth. The process is a continuing one.
advanced.” There is no undoing what has
“ Barbarism is not more pitiless than civiliza-
already been done. To the historic motives
tion, even where civilization may wish to spare.'
The red and the oceanic races have faded at
influencing race contact there have been added
the first breath of European civilization. To
two new ones, viz., “ The desire of civilized
producers of goods to secure savage or semi-
use the rather expressive language of Mr.
-
civilized consumers by annexing regions they Dooley, - they have been “ civilized stiff.”
But the black and the yellow races seem to
inhabit, and the rivalry of great civilized
possess a tenacity of persistence which does not
Our ears are so accustomed to moral cant and
yield to race attrition.
pious platitude, whenever a strong race would
The first question which one wishes to know
about the contact of two races is the degree of
*THE RELATIONS OF THE ADVANCED AND BACKWARD natural antipathy existing between them. The
RACES OF MANKIND. Romanes Lecture Delivered in the
Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford, June 7, 1902, by James Bryce,
author finds this most marked between the
D.C.L. New York: Oxford University Press.
white and black races. “I have been struck,"
a
states."


1902.)
209
THE DIAL
he says, " by hearing men in the Rocky Moun- backward race is also fraught with great sig-
tains, who would have concealed any infusion nificance for the future. The difference be-
“
of Negro blood, mention that their mothers or tween them and the advanced races lies not
grandmothers were Indians.” Just how far so much in intelligence as in force of will and
this preference is due to color, or to other cir- tenacity of purpose. How far these latter
cumstances, is not disclosed. The fact that the
qualities can be developed with a developing
Indian has never been a slave, and that he is a intellect is still doubtful, for the future will
rapidly vanishing quantity from the general bring new opportunities."
bring new opportunities.” The changes that
equation, adds a glamor of romance to his may take place in the religious world are also
race; while the more numerous Negro, with supposed to have much determining influence
his stubborn persistency of type, is aggravat- upon
the future relations of races. The author
ingly real. Many of the F. F. Vi's of the Old states that religious sanction is less strong
Dominion are not ashamed to own a strain of than the bond of blood, although his argu-
the blood of Pocahontas; but if the race of this ments and citations persuade the reader to the
Indian heroine was as numerous and as trouble- opposite conclusion. When Jesus was chided
some as that of the African, her blood would for his seeming indifference toward his own
doubtless be held in like disesteem.
kindred, he responded: “Who is my mother
The evils of race conflict, Mr. Bryce con- and who are my brethren? For whosoever
siders inevitable. « These troubles may be shall do the will of my father which is in
apprehended, whatever the form of govern- heaven, the same is my brother and sister and
ment; for they spring out of the nature of things. mother.” Religion can command or forbid the
They will become, in one sense at least, more mixture of races, and this will be done, as the
accentuated the more that [the backward) case of Judaism on the one hand, and of
race advances in intelligence and knowledge.” Mohammedanism on the other, clearly show.
This conclusion is sadly at variance with The superiority of Mohammedanism to Chris-
the opinion which relies upon education to tianity and of the Catholic to the Protestant
solve the race-problem in the United States. sect, in their control over the rancour of race,
Mr. Bryce takes, on the whole, an unfavorable is acknowledged. The author asks : “Can one
view of the effect of cross-breeding of wide of these causes be that Christianity achieves
apart ethnic types. Where the races are not less because it aims at more?” Then, answer:
assimilable, as in the United States, the author ing his own question, he adds: “Christians,
would minimize the evil of contact by giving of course with many noble exceptions, have
to the backward race “all such private civil failed to rise to the level of the higher teach-
rights as it can use to its own benefit." But ings, while Moslems have risen to the level of
who is to be the judge ? No slaveholder would the lower.” And yet the teaching of the two
claim that he did less. It has been said by a religions is identical as respects the treatment
wise man of recent times that no one is good of those who are of the same household of faith.
enough to be intrusted with the liberty of an- If one might so speak, it might be aptly said
other. Can one race ever be a fair and impar- that in case of the Protestant, he has his re-
tial judge of the feelings and aspirations of ligion ; whereas in the case of the Catholic, and
another, and of its ability to utilize civil priv. especially the Moslem, his religion has him.
ileges ? Political privilege should not, it is Therefore we may expect from the latter a
affirmed, be based upon race and blood, but closer adherence to the requirements of the
upon some fair test which applies alike to all, cult.
although it might exclude the bulk of the “ Conceive,” suggests our author, “what a
backward race.
difference it might make if Islam were, within
The subject of social relations is settled by two centuries, to disappear from the earth!”
Mr. Bryce in a single sentence: “Good feel. If we may be permitted to indulge the imagina-
ings and good manners cannot be imposed by tion a little further, let us conceive what a dif.
a statute." Among the contingencies which ference it might make if within that period
may affect the future relations of the race are some new Martin Luther were to arise who
mentioned the advance in biological and med- should substitute for the ancient motto about
ical knowledge, and in mechanical appliances, the vital power of personal faith another bear-
which may be expected to open up new regions ing more directly upon the prevailing apostasy
to European residence.
from the teaching of the great head of the
The intellectual and moral progress of the church, to wit: “ There is neither Greek nor
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210
(Oct. 1,
THE DIAL
)
Jew, circumcision nor uncircumcision, Barba- in Music,” but with the differences that a
rian nor Scythian, bond nor free; but Christ is wider outlook and a broader subject, or series
all and in all.” Suppose, also, that this reformer of subjects, permit. His choice is catholic,
should be as potent and persuasive over the ranging down to the living present from the
Christian world as was his Teutonic prototype. initial essay on “ Nero the Artist,” in which
Can we not readily see what an effect such a the modern view that sees something more in
propaganda might have upon the relations of the Roman emperor than a summing up of all
a
the various peoples and tongues ?
the iniquities finds full expression; as when
Mr. Bryce's final word leaves us balanced the story of Nero's fiddling while Rome burned
between hope and fear, with hope slightly in is commented on thus :
the ascendancy.
“If Nero had been musically inclined at such a time,
“ It is a process which has now entered a critical he would have been the artist, and sung to the accom-
phase, and we see before us long vistas in wbich there paniment of his cithara some stirring pean, while
appear possibilities of an immense increase in the pro-
stately palaces and temples of the gods were in one
ductive powers of earth and man, possibilities also of
red burial blent.' . .. Nero's efforts to stay its (the
trouble and strife between races now being brought fire's] progress, to alleviate the distress caused by it,
into closer and more general contact. As always, ele-
and to restore the waste places by building them up
ments of peril are balanced by elements of hope. The more splendidly than before, are of themselves suffi-
sentiment of race pride, the keenness of race rivalry, cient to acquit him of the charge of incendiarism; but,
have been intensified. But the sense of a common
nevertheless, he will be held responsible through all
humanity has grown stronger. When we think of the coming ages for the burning of Rome, as well as for
problems which are being raised by the contact of
the added indecorum of fiddling on the top of his tower
races, clouds seem to hang heavy on the horizon of the - though there were no .fiddles' at that time, and
future; yet light streams in when we remember that though Nero antedated his tower by more than two
the spirit in which civilized states are preparing to
centuries. But if Nero sang the Ruin of Troy'in
meet those problems is higher and purer than it was,
the midst of the conflagration, it was his last public
when, four centuries ago, the great outward movement musical performance, and thus he literally ended his
of European peoples began."
artistic career in a blaze of glory.””
KELLY MILLER.
A gossippy account of “The Musical Small.
Howard University, Washington, D. C.
Coals Man," Thomas Britton (1654-1714),
follows; and then we are given a sympathetic
and liberal interpretation of the religious bold.
SOME MUSICAL INTIMACIES.*
ings of Bach, Handel, Haydn, Mozart, and
Beethoven, under the title of “ Music and .
Out of an extended musical experience and
Religion.” Turning then to our own country,
much browsing in his own extensive musical
Mr. Upton has more than a few pleasant things
library, Mr. George P. Upton has written a
to say of “The First American Composer,"
series of little essays, ten in number, which
William Billings of Boston, who first “de-
might very well bear the title of “Musical
clared American musical independence” in
Intimacies," instead of the Musical Pastels"
chosen for it. One thinks of pastels as misty ber, 1770, his title-page containing the follow-
“ The New England Psalm Singer" in Octo-
,
in outline, not fixed in material, and devoted ing invitation to the world :
,
to light and genial topics not wholly serious
“O, praise the Lord with one consent,
and yet never wholly whimsical; and nothing
And in this grand design
could be further from describing the papers
Let Britain and the Colonies
Unanimously jine."
in this interesting book. Mr. Upton is earnest
and virile in both his choice of themes and his Mr. Upton goes on to say:
treatment of them. His pictures are drawn
“It is a far cry from the twentieth century back to
with a firmness and a freedom that suggest
the days of Billings, but there are still ears to be tickled
and composers to tickle them. With all his love of
the charcoal sketch, rather than the pastel. sacred music and his apparent reverential feeling, he
And so thoroughly informed is be, and so was not above paraphrasing a psalm now and then; as,
clearly within his own chosen field of knowl. for instance, the 137th, · By the rivers of Babylon,
edge, that his book has more than ordinary
there .we sat down. When the British forces were
camped at Boston and the Continentals at Watertown,
promise of becoming a permanent contribu-
he gave musical vent to his feelings with an astonishing
tion to its class of literature.
production, beginning, By the rivers of Watertown
In style and treatment the volume is remin- we sat down and wept when we remember thee, O
iscent of Mr. Upton's earlier work, “Woman
Boston.'"
MUSICAL PASTELS. By George P. Upton. Illustrated.
From “ The Beggar's Opera,” Gay's one
Chicago : A. C. McClurg & Co.
triumph and the beginning of “ English opera
66


1902.)
211
THE DIAL
.
66
6
in all its forms," the book goes back to “The of his greatest compositions at its first pro-
First Opera," written by Ottavio Rinuccini and duction, — leading a witty spectator to remark
Jacopo Peri and performed upon the occasion that “She was not Iphigénia en Tauride, but
of the marriage of Maria de' Medici to Henry Iphigénia en Champagne." Yet worse things
IV. of France, in the year 1600, being the first were said, if not done, concerning Richard
public performance of any opera. It is char. Wagner, and the sentences about to be quoted
acterized thus :
should have a restraining effect upon too acrid
“It was a little band compared with those which critics :
accompany opera in the twentieth century. It was a
In England, where Mendelssohn was an idol, the
modest array of singers compared with the tenors,
• Athenaeum' pronounced him (Wagner) 'a charlatan,
baritones, bassos and prime donne of the troupes of to- and his music impious, profligate, and nauseating.'
day. The music was crude and harsh and monotonous
The Times'spoke of him as a man whom it would be
as compared with the scores of the present time; but
a scandal to compare with the men of reputation this
the beginnings of all this twentieth century operatic
country possesses, and whom the most ordinary ballad-
magnificence were 'contained in the music to which
writers would shame in the creation of melody, and of
Henry IV. and his ungracious queen listened on their
whose harmony no English harmonist could be found
wedding day, as the beginnings of the oak are con-
sufficiently without ears or education to pen such vile
tained in the acorn; and though the full meaning of
things."
their great discovery may not have dawned upon Peri,
Rinucciui, and their Florentine associates who had
With the desultoriness which is not the
worked out the problem together at the Palazzo Corsi,
least of the book's many engaging qualities,
they knew they had created a new dramatic form in Mr. Upton takes his readers back to “A
music. A little later, Monteverde, the Duke of
Musical Royal Family," the one worthiest the
Mantua's chapel-master, realized the possibilities latent
in • Euridice,' and proceeding upon the lines laid down
name in history, and surprises more than one
by Peri, still further developed the form; but to
widely-read man with the announcement that
Jacopo Peri belongs the honor of the title, Father of it was made up of Henry VIII. of England,
the Opera.'”
Anne Boleyn his queen, and the three royal
One of the most amusing chapters in the children, Edward, sixth of that name, Mary,
book is that headed with the Virgilian quota- and Elizabeth. All were accomplished musi-
tion ending “Tantone animis coelestibus iræe?” cians in a day which culminated, as we are
and entitled “Some Musical Controversies.” It reminded, with “The reign of Elizabeth,
is finely inclusive, opening with the celebrated the Augustan era of music in England; and
quarrel between the Italian and French expos. its glories have not been surpassed by those
itors of the Gregorian chant in the days of of any succeeding age.” And what is rightly
Charlemagne, and coming down to Wagner. called “ a very pretty story” is told of the Vir-
One of the episodes has its scene in London, gin Queen when she was still a virgin princess.
when the town was split between the followers “ During Mary's reign she bad little opportunity for
of Cuzzoni and of Bordoni, rival prime donne. amusement. She was sometimes suffered to walk in
It was of Handel, kept in the hottest of water
the palace garden at Woodstock. Upon one of these
occasions she heard a milkmaid singing cheerily, and
by the disputatious rivals under his direction,
wished she were one, for her case is better and her
that this classical incident is narrated :
life is merrier.' May not Shakespeare have had this
“ Upon one occasion Cuzzoni refused to sing an aria story in mind when writing Henry the Sixth's battle
in his "Otho' because it did not suit her.
soliloquy:
raged composer turned upon her and said: “I know,
iro God ! methinks it were a happy life,
madame, that you are a very devil; but I will let you
To be no better than a homely swain;
see that I am Beelzebub, the prince of the devils.'
To sit upon a hill, as I do now,
Suiting the action to the word, be seized her around
To carve out dials quaintly, point by point,
Thereby to see the minutes how they run.'
the waist and threatened to throw her through the
window if she did not sing it. Terrified at his rage, “ Bullfinch and Nightingale,” the names of
she consented, and made a great hit with the aria.”
the two songsters having been applied to two
The quarrels between Lully and Rameau collections of ballads and their music, one
and their respective adherents in France in British and the other American, affords the
the seventeenth century, of Piccinni and commentator an opportunity to give a little
Gluck somewhat later, of Mozart and Rossini history of English balladry from the musical
later still, and last of Wagner with what was rather than the literary point of view, his own
at first the world at large, are entertaining copy of “The Bullfinch” having been the
.
Few have descended to the expedient by which property of Dorothy Wordsworth. Passing
the enemies of Gluck gave a dinner with an from the “Chloes, Florindas, and Daphnes
overflow of wine to Mlle. La Guerre, just be- of the English to the “ Nannies, Peggies, and
fore she was to appear in the title rôle of one Emmas" of the American book, one alights
The en-
>
>


212
(Oct. 1,
THE DIAL
verses.
а
a
upon a chorus which makes him long for the ing questions and that the public may in their
reading have some means of distinguishing the
“Five hundred fops, with shrugs and hops,
wheat from the cbaff.
And leers, and smiles and smirkings,
Most willing she would leave for me
Manifestly so comprehensive a plan can be
Oh! what a Peggy Perkins."
executed only in sections. After some pre-
The volume closes with a consideration of liminary experiments, Mr. Iles made his first
“ The Man Beethoven,” an admirable summary attempt to cover systematically a distinct field
of a great career, equally removed from adula- of literature by editing some five years ago
tion and acidulation. There is a précis from “An Annotated Bibliography of Fine Art”
the great master's diary concerning domestic prepared by Mr. Russell Sturgis and Mr.
servants which has a curiously familiar ring; Henry E. Krehbiel. Subsequently, in order to
and one may have a choice of descriptions of cover a larger field and reach a wider circle of
the manner of the man.
readers, he very generously gave the American
“ Schlosser, a friend, says: "A student of human na- Library Association $10,000 to meet the ex-
ture could tell at a glance that he was in the presence pense of compiling a bibliography of American
of a genius. Beethoven's gait was firm; a peculiar history. The general editorship of the work
expression lingered round his lips; the eyes shone with
was undertaken without compensation by Mr.
extraordinary depth of sentiment, and majestic creative
power sat enthroned upon his forehead.' Frau von
J. N. Larned of the Buffalo Public Library.
Bernhard, an acquaintance, who met him in Vienna, on Mr. Larned associated with himself some forty
the other hand, says: "He is short and insignificant assistants, most of whom are well known as
looking, with a red face. His general bearing shows
teachers or students in this particular field.
no signs of culture, and his behavior is very unmannerly.
He is very proud.'”
The result of their labors is the recently.
Mr. Upton corrects the statement made in his published “ Literature of American History,"
“ Woman in Music," where he held that
which presents an annotated list of some four
thousand titles and comes down to the year
Beethoven's beloved was the Countess Guic-
1900. In order to keep up with current lit-
ciardi, by saying, “ More recent investigations
have established beyond much doubt that the erature, it is intended to issue periodically
(love) letters were addressed to the Countess supplements which shall cover all later publi-
cations.
Teresa von Brunswick."
The book is most suitably illustrated by re-
In view of the multiplicity of books and the
rapid growth of public libraries, there can be
productions of old plates, many of them por-
traits of the celebrities mentioned ; and it is
little question of the value of the plan. Where
admirably printed on good paper, and fittingly
the doctors disagree, as they are bound to in
bound. But one question must remain in the
many cases, one opinion may be more mis-
reader's mind as he comes to the end of the leading than no opinion at all; but notwith-
volume: When Mr. Upton can write so accept- plan greatly outweigh the objections to it.
standing this drawback, the advantages of the
ably, why does he write so little ?
Judgment of the work must therefore turn
WALLACE RICE.
upon the success with which the plan has been
executed.
The problem of classification is for the most
A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AMERICAN HISTORY.* part well solved, but it was a mistake to group
For ten years Mr. George Iles has been state histories by sections rather than by states.
advocating, before the American Library As-
Certain books treating of sections as a whole
sociation and elsewhere, a plan for a systematic had to be grouped together ; but it is confus-
appraisal of all literature by specialists in its ing, in looking for the histories of one state,
various departments. The plan requires that
to find them mixed with the histories of a dozen
competent critics shall provide for all avail- others. The inequality of the annotations fur-
able books a sort of museum description, which
nishes the most evident ground for criticism.
shall indicate their strong and weak points and Many of them are models of condensed and
sum up their general value, in order that the accurate statement, others are less satisfactory,
librarian may have at hand a convenient guide while some are altogether inadequate. A con-
to assist him in purchasing books and answer-
siderable proportion consist of extracts from
reviews in THE DIAL, The Nation, The Atlantic
* THE LITERATURE OF AMERICAN HISTORY. A Biblio-
graphical Guide. Edited for the American Library Associa-
Monthly, The American Historical Review,
tion by J. N. Larned. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. and other similar sources; these notes are


1902.)
213
THE DIAL
:
To some
Scotch men
of letters.
commonly unsatisfactory, not through any Watson's " Adventures of a Blockade Runner”
a
fault of the reviews but because, by taking a suggests Taylor's “Running the Blockade”
part from the whole, the effect of the whole is which is important because its author was the
lost. In the case of recent books it would principal organizer of the blockade-running
have been well to have added an appropriate fleet. Why Olmsted’s “ Texas ” and “Back
note containing references to various reviews, Country” should not be given the same recog-
in order that the reader might compare con-
nition as his “Seaboard Slave States," or a
flicting criticisms and form his own conclu- single appraisal be given to the series, is not
sions.
apparent. The “ Colonial Tracts" reprinted
Mr. Larned modestly admits that he is not from Force's collection by Mr. G. P. Hum-
a specialist in American history and that he phrey, are listed as if edited by Peter Force
lacks the qualifications requisite for the super- in person. There is some duplication : Lum-
vision of bibliographical work in it. Under mis's “Spanish Pioneers” and Bandelier's
'
these circumstances, we would have expected “Gilded Man" are both twice listed and ap-
him to assign each section to a competent praised.
specialist in that section, in order that the But notwithstanding some inequality and
notes might be made up in groups. .
occasional inaccuracy, the work as a whole will
extent this has been done, and always to ad- be indispensable to librarians and useful to all
vantage. If the entire work had been more teachers of American history.
thoroughly organized in this way there would
F. H. HODDER.
have been greater uniformity. As it is, the
notes of most of the contributors are more or
less scattered over the whole field, with a re-
sulting incongruity that would not have oc-
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
curred under more systematic treatment. Take
18th century
Mr. Henry Grey Graham, the author
for example the page devoted to John Brown:
of “ The Social Life of Scotland in
the notes are either written by different hands
the Eighteenth Century,” bas pro-
or drawn from reviews, so that there is uni- ceeded from the general to the particular in his
formity neither in the treatment nor in the handsome new octavo, “Scottish Men of Letters in
point of view.
the Eighteenth Century" (Macmillan). That is to
The editor forestalls criticism in regard to
say, those who appeared in the earlier work inci-
selection and completeness by saying that the dentally, and only as indicating general tendencies
work is “ intended to be neither an exhaustive
in the great social body, are now brought into the
foreground, and the social life of the people is
bibliography of American history, nor a mere
allowed to appear no more distinctly than a back-
selection of the best books in that department ground distantly removed. The scene is almost
of literature. .. The selective aim in its
always Edinburgh, for those of the Scotch nation
preparation has been to embrace the books of
who had any brains to sell came thither as to their
every character, good, bad, and indifferent, sole market, and, once there, returned to it as to
concerning which it seems important that home from whatsoever place they might
have found
readers of various classes should be told what for sojourn in England or France. The volume
their merit or demerit is." That there should opens
with an account of the dawn of Scotch litera-
be some omissions and some slips in so com-
ture in the modern sense of the word, the coming of
prehensive a work was unavoidable. For books
Allan Ramsey being practically coincident with the
beginning of the century. This worthy divides the
of collected essays, like Chamberlain's “ John
“
first chapter with Hamilton of Bangour and Robert
Adams,” a table of contents should have been
Blair. Early philosophers, college professors, liter-
given. So useful an introduction as Ruge's ary judges, Adam Smith the economist, Boswell,
Entwickelung der Kartographie von Amer- Beattie, Smollett and his countrymen in England,
ika,” and so monumental a work as Norden- the women balladists, the writers of songs of the
skiöld's “ Facsimile Atlas," should have been
“
sterner sex, may be said to lead up to Robert
included. Reference is made to the abstract
Burns, whose checkered career is told with real
of Gen. G. K. Warren's memoir in Wheeler's
sympathy and comprehension. Henry Mackenzie
Authentic
Survey, but not to the complete memoir in the
and Dugald Stewart close the account.
Pacific Railroad Survey nor to the latter
portraits accompany every biography, but these do
not lend the value to the work which Mr. Graham's
Survey. The reader is advised to compare nice sense of interpretation by anecdote does, every
Reddaway's “Monroe Doctrine” with De
•
page being animated by something at once indi-
Beaumarchais, but the latter is not listed. I vidually characteristic and wholly and generally


214
(Oct. 1,
THE DIAL
human. As a result of these plums scattered liber- life. An almost severe simplicity and directness
ally through diction of more than usual distinction, of style gives an unsophisticated charm to these
the book is readable throughout, and most valuable. homely exhortations. There is no hint of affecta.
tion or of pedantry. Though Mr. Washington puts
The Palace of Whitehall stood in
none of his criticisms of the negro in sugar-coated
Chronicles of an
the city of Westminster, between
old royal palace.
rhetoric, no taint of cynicism nor suggestion of con-
what is now St. James's Park and
scious superiority appears. If it be objected that
the Thames, a little south of Charing Cross. The
his messages lack originality, it is enough to say
site was in the possession of Hubert (or Hugo) de that the principal of Tuskegee has here a higher
Burgh, in the middle of the thirteenth century, and motive than the desire to be original. He is striving
was subsequently annexed by the Archbishop of to uplift bis race. “That is never too often repeated
York to his see. Thirty Archbishops in succession
which is not sufficiently learned.” Some readers
held it, the last being Cardinal Woolsey. It was
may be surprised that these chapel addresses are
all this while known as York House. Upon the not more directly religious. While it is true that
fall of Woolsey, Henry VIII. seized it, and about the self-conscious type of Christian experience is
that time the name was changed to Whitehall,
not exploited, still it should be remembered that no
which seems to have originated in much the same
one could fulfil the ideals 80 enthusiastically offered
way as our name for the official residence of our in this volume without becoming deeply religious.
chief magistrate. Whitehall continued to be a royal
A sane optimism pervades every address. The
residence until the time of the disastrous fire therein
negro is far enough from ideal manhood, but it is
in 1698. During the two and a half centuries presented as something not beyond his possibilities.
that it was thus used, it was the scene of many A noble character challenges strenuous endeavor.
historic episodes of deep interest, not the least im- These helpful and cheering exhortations are incal-
portant of them being the execution of Charles I.;
culably more valuable to the colored people than
while the architectural vicissitudes to which the
any pious pratings. The charm of Mr. Washing-
site has been subjected from the middle of the ton's earlier work, “Up from Slavery,” is of course
thirteenth century to the present time are of espe- not to be found in the present volume. In that
cial interest to the historian, the antiquary, and the unique autobiography, prosaic maxims and hack-
lover of Old London. The Banqueting Hall, built
neyed precepts are illuminated by the author's suc-
by Inigo Jones early in the seventeenth century, is cessful career; and this interplay of personal expe-
all that remains of what was once the Royal Palace rience and homely precept gave a subtle charm to
of Whitehall. Edgar Sheppard, D.D., being "Sub- the autobiography which “Character Building” of
Dean of H. M. Chapels Royal and Sub-Almoner to
course does not enjoy. But the same virtues reju-
the King,” as well as “ author of Memorials of St. venated in “Up from Slavery” are in these ad-
James's Palace'," has had extraordinary facilities
dresses rescued from dulness by a directness of
for collating the materials and for telling in full speech and an aptness of illustration which ad-
the story of the exceedingly interesting site and the mirably suit their character and purpose. The
buildings that have occupied it. This he has done volume is to be recommended to all those who
in " The Old Royal Palace of Whitehall” (Long. desire to become better acquainted with the char-
mans), a royal octavo, sumptuous in style as befits acter and methods of the principal of Tuskegee, as
a volume that is “ Dedicated by gracious permission well as to all those who are wise enough to seek
to His Majesty the King," and embellished with six
new incentives in the building of character.
photogravures (five of them portraits), and thirty-
three other illustrations. Some of the latter are
After an intimate acquaintance with
The making of
of especial interest, as they present views of the
the regular army of the United
army officer.
buildings occupying the site in the seventeentb,
States, gained by service in Cuba
eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries, with
and the Philippines as a war correspondent, Mr.
admirable ground-plan, and copies of designs fur- | H. Irving Hancock made a visit of several months'
nisbed by Inigo Jones for a palace that was to
duration at the national military academy, and his
cover an area of 1152 by 874 feet, and eclipse the instructive book on “Life at West Point” (Put-
Vatican, the Lateran, and the Escurial,- a palacenam) is the result. The sub-title explains the
of which the Banqueting Hall was only a detail.
character of the work in declaring its purpose to
be to describe “The Making of the American
Booker Washington
Mr. Booker T. Washington's new Army Officer, his Studies, Discipline, and Amuse-
volume entitled “ Character Build- ments,” and a semi-official character is given it
building.
ing” (Doubleday) is a collection of by a brief commendatory introduction by Colonel
chapel addresses delivered by Mr. Washington to Albert L. Mills, U. S. A., superintendent of the
the students of Tuskegee Institute. The subject-academy. The book is voluminously illustrated
matter consists of a discussion of such homely vir- from photographs, and no better account of the
tues and duties as cheerfulness, helpfulness, sim- actualities of life at West Point could have been
plicity, earnestness, cleanliness, and honesty, in devised. Two reflections come to the reader:
some of their neglected applications to every-day | First, the enormous amount of work, both physical
>
66
the American
an
à
>
on character


1902.)
215
THE DIAL
of four years
a
-
>
and mental, which their teachers get out of the that the reason for the present domination of the
cadets; and, secondly, the care taken at every step Scotchman in imperial affairs is due to no positive
of their education to give them aristocratic, as dis- merit on his part, but only to the preoccupation
tinguished from democratic, ideals. In the former and lethargy of the real Englishman. If this were
particular, it would seem to be hard work and true, it must still appear that the worse the case is
insistent compulsion, rather than any novelty or made for Scotland the more profound the reflection
modernness of method, that produce such results ; cast upon England. But the book is not one to be
in the latter, it appears that a majority of the taken too seriously at any point. It succeeds in
cadets are the sons of bumble parents, who are con- making out its case by irony at the expense of the
verted into “officers and gentlemen” in the course enthusiasts, so far as it makes any case at all. The
- no bad argument for democracy, Scottish love for Robert Burns, which is quite as
after all.
extreme as the Englishman's reverence for Shake-
Now that the holiday-makers are all speare, is easily brought to ridicule by selecting
A chronicle of
at home or returning, it is a time for
the icanderer.
some of the most obnoxious of Burns's rhymes for
open-air books. Surely we do not quotation, — much as Mr. Swinburne sought to
need such in Spring, for then our spirit leaps at
moderate a too inclusive worship of Shakespeare
the hint alone of sea or mountains; nor in summer,
by a similar device. Americans, accustomed through
for no one in the company of Nature wants to read several generations to see foreigners of all sorts in
of Nature; nor even in winter, for the pleasant positions of power, have lost the provincial attitude
chimney.corner is certainly warm and satisfying, - toward those of another nation which makes Mr.
and why jar upon good comfort? No, the time to Crosland's book possible. Perhaps "parochial" is
read such a book as “ The Winding Road” (Holt) is even a better word than “provincial” here.
now, when the reading is touched with the charm of
Probably no one is better qualified
gentle melancholy. There are many who love the Thwaites's life
than Mr. R. G. Thwaites to under-
out-door world : Some are hunters or fishermen; of Marquette.
some, artists or scientists ; some, lovers; some,
take a biography of Father Mar-
idlers. But there are also the wanderers who love
quette, the Jesuit explorer of the Mississippi. For
after all is brought together that may be, we are
the great without-walls because of its freedom.
almost absolutely dependent for our knowledge on
They are not to be constrained, even by the bar-
baric power of rod or gun; nor do they love Nature
the “ Jesuit Relations,” in editing which Mr.
either to imitate or know. They have simply the
Thwaites has deserved so well of patriotic Ameri-
out-door feeling in them. Other things they often
cans concerned for the minutest details of their
do,-hunt, fish, love, paint, know, idle : all of these
country's history. However treated, the life of an
things they may do, but they would be what they esting; and this biography has the advantage of all
early American missionary cannot fail to be inter-
are did they not. Such was Jasper of our present
tale; and it was the wandering instinct that gave
of its kind. Yet on the whole, aside from the explor-
charm to his life with Phenice, who left the farm to
ing voyages on the Mississippi and its tributaries,
follow him, and that in the end gave tragedy.
it is a simple, uneventful life, and considerable
Miss Godfrey's book is full of the gypsy spirit, full
effort was necessary to fill out the 250 pages as-
of charm for those who have but a little of such a
signed by the standard of “Appletons' Historic Lives
hectic in the blood. We could certainly find some
Series,” to which the volume belongs. This effort
fault with it as a novel, — but we shall not, for it
becomes quite obvious when the author, despite the
is rather as a bit of the epic cycle of the open road paucity of knowledge regarding Marquette's youth
that we have read it, and as such all lovers of the
and family circumstances, recites the historical
winding way will find it worthy a place beside
vicissitudes of bis native city of Laon from the
what would be the classics of the wanderers, if it
Roman times down. It is felt also in the large
were not too much of a bother to carry books, even
space given to imaginary details of voyages and the
considerable extracts from accounts of general mis-
good ones, when one has once left the town behind.
sionary life. Subtract these, and what remains would
Those who are familiar with the not be much more in bulk than the biographies of
at the land of Scots. opinion which most of the inhabi- Sparks and Shea.
Sparks and Shea. Nevertheless, it is worth while
tants of continental Europe have of to have this life in the honest and simple relation
the British as a whole will read with unboly joy of one who knows at least all that is worth knowing
Mr.T. W. H. Crosland's indictment of the northern on the subject.
half of Britain contained in “The Unspeakable
Few novelists have been more for-
A charming
Scot” (Putnam). For he has prepared an indict- biography of tunate in their biographers than the
ment against the Scottish nation, living and dead,
late William Black with Sir Wemy88
and all that Scotland holds dear in everything ex. Reid. The pleasant volume bearing simply the
cept religion, which most of those who do not like name “ William Black, Novelist: A Biography"
England will regard as an attempt to shift a burden (Harper) is a most interesting recital of a fortunate
from her own shoulders upon those of the sister career, in which honest work and marked abilities
kingdom. Mr. Croßland has convinced himself won their full recognition during the writer's own
a
William Black.


216
(Oct. 1,
THE DIAL
9
9
8
9)
lifetime, to leave an impression of mellowness and
NOTES.
contentment rare in the annals of literature. Mr.
Black had many friends (among whom his biog-
Dr. Charles McMurry has prepared a “ Teacher's
rapher was one of the nearest), and although he
Manual of Geography” to accompany the series of
passed away just at the close of his fifty-seventh geographical text-books of which, in conjunction with
Professor Tarr, he is the author. The Macmillan Co.
year, having been long an invalid, these made even
are the publishers.
his last hours far more happy than the best of
some men's entire lives. Naturally, writing about
Messrs. D. C. Heath & Co. have published “An
English-German Conversation Book," the work of Pro-
such a personality, so circumstanced, the present fessors Gustav Krüger and C. Alphonso Smith. The
biographer had a congenial and pious task in hand;
subject matter of the conversations is highly practical,
and he has discharged it with full sympathy and relating largely to matters of travel and education.
understanding. Many letters of the novelist en- “A College Manual of Rhetoric,” by Dr. James
liven his pages, — for Black was quite as much a Sears Baldwin, is a recent publication of Messrs.
master of correspondence as of fiction; and these Longmans, Green, & Co. As the title indicates, the
are supplemented by many delightful letters in
work is for advanced students, and is provided with
abundant material for the exercise of the student mind
return from the best-known men of his day. An
in the various forms of analysis and composition.
excellent likeness of Black serves for frontispiece,
Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. bave published,
and a complete index rounds out a book which can
in their “ Riverside Literature Series," Miss Florence
be studied by the writers of the coming generation Holbrook's dramatization of “Hiawatha," an arrange-
with pleasure and profit, while it serves to bring ment of the text for the use of school-children which
many delightful things to the minds of their elders.
ought to prove the basis for an instructive and inter-
esting form of entertainment. There are pictures, mu-
sical numbers, and full directions for the performance.
The title and author of the new romance dealing
BRIEFER MENTION.
with the careers of Lewis and Clark, to be issued next
In one of the daintiest of volumes, published in this month by Messrs. A. C. McClurg & Co., are now defi-
country by the Messrs. Putnam, an unnamed editor bas nitely announced. The book will be called “ The Con-
collected with taste and discrimination something like quest: The True Story of Lewis and Clark," and the
four score “Songs of England's Glory." Most of the author is Mrs. Eva Emery Dye, well-known through
old favorites are here, and also a number of modern her previous volume on “McLoughlin and Old Oregon.”
pieces less familiarly known, but deserving of places An important series of monographs on “ The His-
in such a collection. We regret the omission of Mr. toric Highways of America,” prepared by Mr. Archer
Swinburne's ode on the defeat of the Armada, which is Butler Hulbert, is announced by the Arthur H. Clark
worth a hundred of the two Armada poems included, Co. of Cleveland. There will be sixteen volumes in all,
but perhaps copyright reasons stood in the way. dealing collectively with the history of America as por-
Mr. Horace White's “Money and Banking," which trayed in the evolution of its highways of war, com-
was first published seven years ago, has been issued in merce, and social expansion. The enterprise should
a second edition by Messrs. Ginn & Co. Considerable fill an important and hitherto unoccupied place in
alterations have been made in the text, which no longer
American historical literature.
needs to be as controversial as when “free silver" was Two more preprints from the Decennial Publications
an actual political menace to our institutions, and the of the University of Chicago bave reached our table.
work in its present form is expressly rearranged as a Like the issues previously noted,
these monographs are
teaching manual, being provided for that purpose with included in the quarto series. They are “The Treat-
summaries and lists of authorities. There are several ment of Nature in the Works of Nikolaus Lenau," by
new chapters, and the work is distinctly more valuable Professor Camillo von Klenze, and “The Physical
than it was in its earlier form. The student of Amer- Characteristics of the Indians of Southern Mexico,"
ican monetary affairs can find no more interesting and by Professor Frederick Starr. The latter work has
competent guide to the subject than is offered by this many illustrations in the form of portrait representa-
admirable volume.
tions of the types described.
Mr. George P. Upton's musical handbooks have long Having completed five semi-annual volumes in its
been valued by the concert-goer and the lover of opera. first form, “The International Monthly,” edited by
They furnish in compact and reliable form just the in- Mr. Frederick A. Richardson, now becomes “The
formation needed by the average non-musical person International Quarterly." The September issue, just
who wants to know enough about the work to which he published, presents a dignified appearance, with its 214
is listening to take an intelligent interest in the per- large pages, and its even dozen of elaborate essays,
formance. The remarkable vogue of comic opera dur- supplemented by Mr. Bishop's quarterly chronicle of
ing recent years has prompted Mr. Upton to add « The current
Attractive as was the early form of
Standard Light Operas” (McClurg) to his well-known this review, it seems to us that the new one is in better
series. Brief descriptions are given of about seventy accord with the serious character of the articles that
works, ranging all the way down from “ Mignon” to Mr. Richardson, with the aid of his advisory board, has
“King Dodo," and from the operas of Bellini and been securing from the very start of his enterprise.
Donizetti to those of Mr. Reginald de Koven and Mr. More clearly than ever before, this periodical asserts its
Leslie Stuart. Offenbach and Lecocq are here (would position as the most important organ of contemporary
that we might hear them now and then !) and Auber thought that we now have, and becomes more than
and Suppe and Wallace. The entire series of Gilbert ever indispensable to the general reader of cultivated
and Sullivan productions is also included.
interests.
9
»


1902.]
217
THE DIAL
&
ANNOUNCEMENTS OF FALL PUBLICATIONS TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
The following announcements of Fall publications
October, 1902.
were received too late for inclusion in the regular
Amana, Religious Community of. R. T. Ely. Harper.
classified list contained in our last issue.
America, Mistress of Seas. R. P. Hobson. No. American.
R. H. RUSSELL.
Americans, Foreign Flattery of. World's Work.
Americans in the Raw. Edward Lowry, World's Work.
Pictures of Romance and Wonder, by Sir Edward Burne-
Jones, $5. net. — The Social Ladder, drawings by C. D.
Arithmetic, A Test in. J. M. Rice. Forum.
Gibson, $5. net. - The New Romington Book, drawings
Army Staff, A General. W. H. Carter. North American.
by Frederic Remington, text by Owen Wister, 85. net. -
Arnold, Matthew, New Book on. W. P. Trent. Forum.
Ad Astra, selections from the Divine Comedy, edited and Art Effort in British Cities. C. M. Robinson. Harper.
illustrated by Margaret Armstrong, $5.- World Pictures, Art in Public Works. Sylvester Baxter, Century.
drawings in color, etc., by Mortimer Menpes, text by Asoka, Ordination of. Mrs. Everard Cotes. Harper.
Dorothy Menpes, $5. net.- The Doom of King Acrisius,
Associations Law in France. W. Littlefield. No. American.
by William Morris, illus. by Burne Jones, with introduc-
tion by Fitz Roy Carrington, $2.75 net.— The Song of
Athletics, Intercollegiate. Ira N. Hollis. Atlantic.
Songs, illus. by Burne-Jones, with introduction by Fitz
Balfour and his Opportunities. Gilbert Parker. No. Amer.
Roy Carrington, $2.50 net. - Birds of God, 18 photogra-
Cages, The Quest for. Roger Riordan. Century.
vures after the old masters, by Jeannette B. Radcliffe- Camera, The Artist and the. Alexander Black. Century.
Whitehead, text by Ralph' Radcliffe Whitehead, $3.- Cardiff Giant, The. Andrew D. White. Century.
Tales of the Spinner, trans. from the French of Jerome
Carnegie, Andrew. Hamilton W. Mabie. Century.
Doucet, illus. in color, etc., by A. Garth Jones, $5. net.-
The History of Over Sea, by William Morris, illus. by
City Life, Horrors of. Thomas Dixon, Jr. World's Work.
Louis Rhead, $1.50 net.-St. George and the Dragon,
Coal Miner, Life of a. John McDowell. World's Work.
illus. by Burne-Jones, $1.60 net.- A Phenomenal Fauna,
Commercialism. Edward Atkinson. Atlantic.
by Carolyn Wells, illus, in color by Oliver Herford, $1.20
Democracy and the Church. Vida D. Scudder. Atlantic.
net.- A Garden of Girls, 12 drawings by Florence England Denmark and the Treaty. Gertrude Atherton. No. Amer.
Nosworthy, $1. net.- American Artists' Portfolio, 12 Dowie, Analyzed and Classified. J. M. Buckley. Century.
drawings in color, $1.50.- Perseus and Andromeda, by Dowie, John Alexander. John Swain. Century.
Richard Le Gallienne, illus. from old prints, $1.40 net.-
A Century of Sonnets, edited by Mrs. S. B. Herrick, $2.60
Dream, A, or What? Jacob A. Riis. Century.
net.- The Queen's Rosary, by Alice D. Van Cleve, $1.20
Eggleston, Edward. Rossiter Johnson. Review of Reviews.
net. - Plantation Bird Legends, by Eli Sheppard, illus.,
Electricity, Newest Definitions of. Carl Snyder. Harper.
$1.60 net.- Flowers from Persian Gardens, compiled by Evidence, Expert. John Woodward. North American.
Edward S. Holden, $1.25.- Songs and Sonnets by Richard Fiction, World's, for a Year. Talcott Williams. Rev. of Revs.
Lovelace, edited by Fitz Roy Carrington, illus. in color, Fire-Fighting, Modern. P. G. Hubert, Jr. Scribner.
etc , $1.- Abeniki Caldwell, by Carolyn Wells, illus., Friars, Work of the. Stephen Bonsal. North American.
$1.50.- Her Majesty the King, by James Jeffrey Roche,
Gardens and Garden Craft. Francis Duncan. Atlantic.
illus., $1.50.- Little Italy, a tragedy in one act, by Horace
B. Fry, with portrait, $1. net.- Ah, What Riddles These
German Soldier in U.S. Wars. J. G. Rosengarten. Lippincott.
Women Bel a dramatic poem, by William Young, $1.-
Greenhouse, The Home. E. E. Rexford. Lippincott.
François Villon, an appreciation, by Justin Huntly Mc- Harte, Bret, Some Letters of. Harper.
Carthy, 50 cts.- Sarah Bernhardt, a pictorial souvenir, Humor, Sense of, in Children. Katherine Chandler. Century.
text by A. Gallus, 50 cts.- Emma Calvé, a pictorial sou- Industry, Labor Union Restriction of. World's Work.
venir, text by A. Gallus, $1.50.- Children of Our Town, Japanese Painters, Two. Adachi Kinnosuke. Atlantic.
by Carolyn Wells, illus. in color by M. H. Squire and E.
Mars, $4.20 net. -The Adventures of Ulysses, by Charles
Knickerbocker Era of Letters. G. E. Woodberry. Harper.
Lamb, illus. in color by M. H. Squire and E. Mars, $2.50.
Life and Disease, Modern. F. M. Crandall. World's Work.
- Where the Wind Blows, by Katharine Pyle, illus. in "Light Cure" at Copenhagen. Review of Reviews.
color by Bertha Corson Day, $2.50 net. — Romance of Local Option, A Study of. Frank Foxcroft. Atlantic.
Cinderella, by Ella M. Boult, illus. in color by Beatrice London Model Tenements. W. A. Wyckoff. Scribner.
Stevens, $2.40 det.- The Tiger and the Insect, by John
Meredith, George Harriet Waters Preston. Atlantic.
Habberton, illus. by Walter Russell, $1.20 net.- Mr. Sun
and Mrs. Moon, by Richard Le Gallienne, illus., $1.60 net.
Montaigne. H. D. Sedgwick, Jr. Atlantic.
Monte Carlo. André Castaigne. Harper.
The Baby's Baedeker, by Col. D. Streamer, illus., $1.20
net.– The Adventures of Admiral Frog, by John W.
Negro Business League. B. T. Washington. World's Work.
Harrington, illus. in color, $1.40 net.- The Animals at New York's Subway, Building. Arthur Ruhl. Century.
the Fair, verses and pictures in color by E. Warde Blais- Novelist, Moral Hesitations of the Edith Brown. Atlantic.
dell, $1.40 net.- The Lollipops, verses and pictures by Philippine Constabulary, The. J. W. Jenks. Rev of Reviews.
Olive M. Long, 50 cts. net.-Calendars for 1903, comprising :
Photography, Modern Pictorial.: Alfred Stieglitz, Century.
Christy Calendar, 7 drawings in color by H. C. Christy,
$2.50; Hunting Calendar, drawings by Richard Newton,
Plant Battles. John J. Ward. Harper.
Jr., $2.50; Animal Calendar, 12 drawings in color by
Pleasure Grounds, Our Public. M. O. Stone. Rev. of Reviews.
William Nicholson, $1.25; Bird Calendar, drawings in
Poets, American, Recollections of. Wyatt Eaton. Century.
color by H. H. Bennett, $1.50; New Maude Adams Cal- Politics and Jurisprudence, An Ideal School of. No. Amer.
endar. $1.50; Kemble's Coons Calendar, drawings by E. W. Rolling Stones. Eliot Gregory. Century.
Kemble, $1.50; American Girls' Calendar, 7 photogravures Russia. Herbert H. D. Pierce. Atlantic.
by T. M. Pierce, $3.50; American Athletic Girls' Calen.
Russia, Political Situation in. I. A. Hourwich, Forum.
dar, 7 drawings by T. M. Pierce, $5.; London Types Cal-
endar, 12 colored prints by William Nicholson, $1.50;
Sex, Mechanical Development of. S. L. Schenck. No. Am.
Animal Football Calendar, 12 drawings in colors by J.J.
Skyscrapers, Limitations to the Production of. Atlantic.
Mora and E. B. Bird, $2.; Penfield Desk Calendar, draw- Social Conditions and Business Success. North American.
ings by Edward Penfield, $1.
South Africa, By Coach through. J. W. Davies. Lippincott.
THE GRAFTON PRESS.
South and her History. D. Y. Thomas. Review of Reviews.
The Worth of Words, by Dr. Ralcy Husted Bell, with intro-
Steamships, Ocean. Lawrence Perry. World's Work.
duction by Dr. William Colby Cooper, $1.50 net.- Some Suffrage Restriction in South. C. H. Poe. North American.
By-Ways of California, by Charles Franklin Carter, $1.25 United States Public Debt. 0. P. Austin. No. American.
net. - The Wife of Bath's Tale, by Geoffrey Chaucer, Venice, Artist Life in. Harper Pennington. Century.
with decorations by William Cushing Bamburgh, limited Virchow, Rudolf. Oswald G. Villard. Review of Reviews.
edition, $10.; special edition on hand-made paper, hand
Virchow the Teacher. H. S. Williams. Review of Reviews.
illuminated, $35. — The Senator's Sweetheart, by_Alice
Rosseter, with introduction by Mrs. Cushman K. Davis,
Wage, Fixed, - is it Just. George Maxwell. World's Work.
illus., $1.50 net.- Love Songs and Other Poems, by Owen
Ward, J. Q. A., Sculptor. Russell Sturgis. Scribner.
Innsly, $1. Dét. – The Song of the Wedding Bells, by
White, Andrew D. Charles H. Hull. World's Work.
William Bonnie Ockhame, $1. net.
Yeats, W. B., Later Work of. Fiona Macleod. No. Amer.


218
[Oet. 1,
THE DIAL
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 160 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its issue of Sept. 1.]
7
.
per vol.
HISTORY.
Now France and New England. By John Fiske. With
maps, 12mo, pp. 378. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.65 net.
The Times History of the War in South Africa, 1899-
1902. Edited by L. S. Amery. Vol. II., illus. in photo-
gravure, 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 467. Charles Scribner's
Song. (Sold only in sets of 6 vols. at $30. net.)
The Story of Verona. By Alethea Wiel ; illus. by Nelly
Erichsen and Helen M. James. 16mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 314. “Mediæval Towns." Macmillan Co. $2.
BIOGRAPHY.
Nathaniel Hawthorne. By George E. Woodberry. With
photogravure portrait, 16mo, gilt top, pp. 302. “ American
· Men of Letters." Houghton Mifflin & Co. $1.10 net.
Life and Letters of H. Taine, 1828–1852. Trans. from the
French by Mrs. R. L. Devonshire. 12mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 313. E. P. Dutton & Co. $2. net.
Recollections of a Long Life: An Autobiography. By
Theodore Ledyard Cuyler, D. D. With portrait, 12mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 356. Baker & Taylor Co. $1.50 net.
Life of Theodore Roosevelt, Twenty-fifth President of
the United States. By Murat Halstead. Illus., large 8vo,
pp. 391. Saalfield Publishing Co. $2.50.
The Founder of Mormonism: A Psychological Study of
Joseph Smith, Jr. By I. Woodbridge Riley; with intro-
ductory Preface by Professor George Trumbull Ladd.
12mo, pp. 446. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50 net.
The Story of a Strange Career: Being the Autobiogra-
phy of a Convict. An authentic document. Edited by
Stanley Waterloo. 12mo, pp. 362. D. Appleton & Co.
$1.20 net.
Colonel John Gunby of the Maryland Line : Being Some
Account of his Contribution to American Liberty. By A.
A. Gunby. Illus., 12mo, pp. 136. Robert Clarke Co. $1. net.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
The Guardian of Marie Antoinette : Letters from the
Comte de Mercy-Argenteau, Austrian Ambassador to
the Court of Versailles, to Marie Thérèse, Empress of
Austria, 1770-1780. Edited by Lilian C. Smythe. In 2
vols., illus, in photogravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt tops,
uncut. Dodd, Mead & Co. $6.50 net.
The Mid-Eighteenth Century. By G. H. Millar. 12mo,
uncut, pp. 387. “Periods of European Literature."
Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50 net.
Dante and the Animal Kingdom. By Richard Thayer
Holbrook, Ph.D. Illus. in color, etc., 12mo, uncut, pp. 376.
Macmillan Co. $2. net.
Letters of Hugh Earl Percy, from Boston and New York,
1774–1776. Edited by Charles Knowles Bolton. With
photogravure portrait, large 8vo, uncut, pp. 88. Boston:
Charles E. Goodspeed. 84. net.
Hawthorne's First Diary; with an Account of its Discov-
ery and Loss. By Samuel T. Pickard. Illus., 16mo, gilt
top, pp. 115. Houghton, Miffin & Co. $1.
The Defendant. By G. K. Chesterton. 12mo, uncut,
pp. 131. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.25 net.
Seen by the Spectator: Being a Selection of Rambling
Papers First Printed in The Ontlook, under the Title
"The Spectator." 12m10, pp. 262. New York: The Out-
Treatment of Nature in the Works of Nikolaus
Lenau: An Essay in Interpretation. By Camillo von
Klenze. 4to, pp. 83. “Decennial Publications." Uni-
versity of Chicago Press. Paper, 75 cts. net.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, “ Virginia " Edi-
tion. Edited by James A. Harrison ; with textual notes
by R. A. Stewart, Ph.D. In 17 vols., with photogravure
frontispieces, 24mo, gilt tops. T. Y. Crowell & Co. In
cloth box, $12.50.
Memoirs of the Life of Sir Walter Scott. By John Gib-
Bon Lockhart. Cambridge" edition; in 5 vols., illus, in
photogravure, 8vo, gilt tops, uncut. Houghton, Mifflin
& Co. $10.
Walden. By Henry David Thoreau ; with Introduction by
Bradford Torrey. Illus, in photogravure, 12mo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 522. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $3.
The Sketch Book. By Washington Irving; illus. in photo-
gravure, etc., by Edmund J. Sullivan. In 2 vols., 16mo,
gilt tops. Caxton Series." Charles Scribner's Song.
Limp leather, $2.50 net.
Essays and Other Writings of Francis Bacon. With
photogravure portrait, 16mo, gilt top; pp. 758. New-
nes's Thin Paper Series." Charles Scribner's Sons. Limp
leather, $1.25 net.
Beowulf. Translated out of the Old English by Chauncey
Brewster Tinker, M.A. 16mo, pp. 158. New York: New-
son & Co. $1.
Temple Bible. New volumes: Book of Psalms, edited by
A. W. Streape, D. D.; Acts and Pastoral Epistles, edited
by B. B. Warfield, D. D.; First and Second Books of
Chronicles, edited by Venerable Archdeacon A. Hughes
Games, D. D.; First and Second Book of Kings, edited by
J. Robertson, D. D. Each with photogravure frontispiece,
24mo, gilt top. J. B. Lippincott Co. Limp leather, 60 cts.
Memories: A Story of German Love. By Max Müller;
trans. by George P. Upton. New edition, illus. and dec
orated by Blanche Ostertag. 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 135.
A. C. McClurg & Co. $2. net.
The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. With
photogravure portrait, 16mo, gilt top, pp. 900. "Newnes's
Thin Paper Series." Charles Scribner's Sons. Limp
leather, $1.25 net.
Writings of Bret Harte, “Riverside" edition. Vol. XV.,
Three Partners, and Other Tales; Vol. XVI., The An-
cestors of Peter Atherly, and Other Tales. Each 12mo,
gilt top. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
Literature and Dogma : An Essay towards a Better Ap-
prehension of the Bible. By Matthew Arnold, D. C. L.
With photogravure portrait, 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 330.
** Commonwealth Library." New Amsterdam Book Co.
$1. net.
The Paris Sketch Book of Mr. M. A. Titmarsh, and The
Irish Sketch Book. By William Makepeace Thackeray.
Illus., 12mo, uncut, pp. 577. Macmillan Co. $1.
look Co. $1. net.
Help and Good Cheer. By Rev. Theodore L. Cuyler.
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 170. Baker & Taylor Co. $1. net.
Aspects of Fiction, and Other Ventures in Criticism. By
Brander Matthews. Third edition, enlarged; 12mo, gilt
top, pp. 297. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.25 net.
Four Addresses. By Henry Lee Higginson. With photo-
gravure portraits, 12mo, uncut, pp. 107. Boston: D. B.
Updike. 75 cts. net.
Literary Boston of To-Day. By Helen M. Winslow.
With portraits, 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 444.
" Little
Pilgrimages Series.” L. C. Page & Co. $1.20 net.
The Message of Man: A Book of Ethical Scriptures.
Gathered from many sources and arranged by Stanton
Coit, Ph.D. Third edition; with photogravure frontis.
piece, 24mo, gilt top, pp. 340. Macmillan Co. 75 cts.
Catch Words of Cheer. Compiled by Sara A. Hubbard.
18mo, gilt top, uncut. A. C. McClurg & Co. 80 cts. net.
BOOKS OF VERSE.
Poems and Verses. By Edward Sandford Martin. With
frontispiece, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 125. Harper &
Brothers. $1.25 net.
A Painter's Moods. By Frederic Crowninshield; illus. in
photogravure by the author. 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 158.
Dodd, Mead & Co. $2. net.
Songs of England's Glory. Compiled by William Canton
and H. B. Robinson, 24mo, gilt top, pp. 234. G. P. Put-
nam's Sons. Limp leather, $1.25 net.
Chips, Fragments, and Vestiges. By Gail Hamilton ;
collected and arranged by H. Augusta Dodge. With por-
trait, 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 224. Lee & Shepard.
$1.20 net.
Sunset Song, and Other Verses. By Elizabeth Akers.
Autograph edition ; 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 313. Lee
& Shepard. $1.20 net.
The Imperial Republic : A Drama of the Day. By Eliza-
beth G. Crane. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 122. Grafton
Press. $1. net.
Seeds of April's Sowing. By Adah Louise Sutton. 12mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 96. Saalfield Publishing Co. $1.25.
Judith, Phoenix, and Other Anglo-Saxon Poems. Trans.
from the Grein-Wülker text by J. Leeslie Hall, Ph.D.
12mo, pp. 119, Silver, Burdett & Co.
Rhymes and Roundelays from "Life." Illus., 16mo,
pp. 146. New York: Life Publishing Co. 60 cts. net.
1


1902.)
219
THE DIAL
FICTION
The Fortunes of Oliver Horn. By F. Hopkinson Smith.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 552. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
The Maid-at-Arms. By Robert W. Chambers. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 343. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
Istar of Babylon : A Phantasy. By Margaret Horton Potter.
12mo, pp. 494. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
A Sea Turn and Other Matters. By Thomas Bailey
Aldrich. 12mo, pp. 300. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.25.
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226
[Oct. 16,
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FITZ GERALD
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1902.)
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No. 392.
OCT. 16, 1902.
Vol. XXXIII.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
EMILE ZOLA .
231
A VIEW OF ALL THE RUSSIAS. John J. Culver 234
a
A BOOK OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN BIRDS. Sara
A. Hubbard
236
NAPOLEON AND THE PEACE OF AMIENS.
E. D. Adams
238
.
LIGHTS AND SHADOWS OF THE CIVIL WAR.
James 0. Pierce .
239
BEASTS, BIRDS, AND FISHES. Charles Atwood
Kofoid
240
Roberts's The Kindred of the Wild.- Jordan and
Evermann's American Food and Game Fishes.-
The Deer Family, and Upland Game Birds, in the
American Sportsman's Library.-Job's Among the
Waterfowl.- Nature Portraits.
RECENT FICTION. William Morton Payne
242
Wister's The Virginian.— Nason's To the End of
the Trail.— McCutcheon's Castle Craneycrow.--
Sage's The Claybornes.-- Naylor's In the Days of
St. Clair. --- Chambers's The Maid -at - Arms.-
Bagot's The Just and the Unjust.- Earl of Iddes-
leigh’s Luck o’Lassendale.- Merriman's The Vul-
tures.-- Roberts's The Way of a Man.- Glovatski's
The Pharaoh and the Priest. — Merejkowski's The
Romance of Leonardo da Vinci.
EMILE ZOLA.
Had Emile Zola died ten years ago, the
verdict of criticism upon his work would have
been substantially different from what it must
be to-day. A false theory of art, applied to
his material with amazing industry but per-
verse ingenuity, would have been the formula
for the summing up of his remarkable activity,
and little could have been urged in behalf of
his claims to literary immortality. He would
have stood as an awful example of doctrinaire
method and of the dangers of excessive photo-
graphic realism. That he was a close observer
of life could not bave been denied, and that the
accumulation of unimportant detail character-
istic of his writing bad a certain bludgeon-like
power in its assault upon his readers would
have been freely admitted ; but it would have
been difficult to escape the conclusion that all
this energy had been essentially misdirected,
and that all the mass of the Rougon-Macquart
chronicles had little of the penetrating and en-
during quality that makes of literature in the
true sense one of the most effective forces in
the hands of men. To quote an epigram that
was current a score of years ago, “L'Assom-
moir” was assommant, simply that, unless we
add it was also repulsive and disgusting to the
finer sensibilities.
Recent developments, we are bound to say,
have made necessary a quite new estimate of
Zola's work. It is not merely his self-sacrificing
devotion to the cause of truth and justice, as
displayed in the celebrated affaire of a few
years ago, that has attracted attention to as-
pects of his character but dimly realized be-
fore. That is what has chiefly impressed the
multitude, but the careful reader of his recent
work has come to understand that the outburst
in question was symptomatic of a general
broadening of his outlook, and to suspect the
passionate idealism thus brought