minating lovers of romance which is strong, yet
pure and undefiled.”— New York Mail and Express.
THE HEAD OF A HUNDRED.
A Romance of the Colony of Virginia in 1622.
Being an Account of Certain Passages in the Life of Humphrey Huntoon, Esq., sometyme an Officer in
the Colony of Virginia. Edited by Maud WILDER GOODWIN. 16mo, cloth, extra, gilt top, $1.25.
“A book of a thousand. It is a pleasure to commend such a book as this and it will give pleasure to all who read it."-
Boston Journal.
“This book is sweet and true, and charming for its sweetness and truth. We have read it with a delight not commonly
felt in these times, when every day brings forth a new novel. Idyllic in its whole structure and lovely with the spirit of high
endeavor and devotion."- New York Times.
“Holds its reader fast from the first page to the end."— The Independent.
a
a
BY THE SAME AUTHOR.
THE COLONIAL CAVALIER.
Uniform with “ Three Heroines of New England Romance."
THE COLONIAL CAVALIER ; OR, SOUTHERN LIFE BEFORE THE REVOLUTION. By MAUD WILDER GOOD-
New Edition with Notes. With numerous full-page and smaller illustrations by HARRY
EDWARDS. 12mo, cloth, extra, gilt top, $2.00.
“A most admirable picture of our cavalier ancestors of the south."— Christian Register.
“It gives us through the old-time gossip of letters and diaries, and the homely details of life and customs, a fireside inti-
macy with old Virginian and Maryland life which we have never had before.”- New York Evening Post.
“A delightful sketch of the colonial cavalier in his home, church, state, and social relations. We are made acquainted
with the whole man."- - The Review of Reviews.
WIN.
The above books are for sale by all Booksellers; or will be sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt of price, by
LITTLE, BROWN, AND COMPANY, PUBLISHERS,
No. 254 WASHINGTON STREET, BOSTON.


1895.]
267
THE DIAL
T.Y. Crowell & Co.'s October Publications.
THE SCOTTISH CHIEFS.
By JANE PORTER. Two vols., 12mo, cloth, gilt top, illus-
trated, $3.00; white back, fancy paper sides, $3.00; half
calf, gilt top, $6.00.
For a century Miss Porter's "Scottish Chiefs" has been the delight
of successive generations. It is romance, yet it is history, and will in-
spire in the young a love for the study of the past. The illustrations
are carefully made from photographs depicting the scenes where the
events of this prose epic were carried on.
BEAUTIES OF SHAKESPEARE.
By the Rev. WILLIAM DODD, LL.D. With numerous addi-
tions. Two vols., 16mo, gilt top, with photogravure fron-
tispieces, $2.50; half calf, $4.50.
Dr. Dodd's work has been from the beginning a book of great popu-
larity. It is now published in new and elegant form from new plates ;
the text has been carefully compared with that of the Globe Edition,
many additional passages have been interpolated, and no pains have
been spared to inake it a perfect anthology.
DEAR LITTLE MARCHIONESS.
The story of a child's faith and love. With introduction by
Bishop GAILOR of Tennessee. With 3 illustrations by W.
L. TAYLOR. One vol., 8vo, 60 pages, cloth, $1.00.
THE THREE APPRENTICES OF MOON
STREET.
Translated from the French of GEORGES MONTORGEUIL, by
HUNTINGTON SMITH. With illustrations by Louis LE
RIVÉREND and PAUL STECK. One vol., 8vo, $1.50.
UNDER THE OLD ELMS.
By MARY B. CLAFLIN. Photogravure frontispiece. 16mo,
$1.00.
Reminiscences of Charles Sumner, Henry Wilson, Henry Ward
Beecher, Mrs. Stowe, and others.
SHAKESPEARE'S HEROINES ON
THE STAGE.
By C. E. L. WINGATE, Managing Editor of the Boston Journal.
Fully illustrated. 12mo, $2.00.
Contains an extraordinary amount of information relating to Ellen
Tree, Mrs. Siddons, Ellen Terry, and other famous actresses who have
identified themselves with "Juliet,"_“ Beatrice," "Cleopatra," etc.
It serves as a running history of the English stage in one of its most
interesting phases.
CAPTAIN COIGNET, SOLDIER OF THE
EMPIRE, 1776-1850.
New edition, fully illustrated. 12mo, $1.50.
An autobiographical account of one of Napoleon's Body Guard.
CUORE.
By EDMONDO DE AMICIS. Illustrated edition. 8vo, $1.50.
An Italian schoolboy's journal. The present new edition contains
twenty-one characteristic full-page cuts, the work of clever Italian ar-
tists. In this new and attractive form“Cuore ” will have additional
interest for the schoolboys of America.
THE WANDERING JEW.
By EUGENE SUE. With 18 full-page illustrations, including
two photogravure frontispieces. Two vols., 12mo, cloth,
gilt top, illustrated, $3.00; white back, fancy paper sides,
gilt top, $3.00; half calf, gilt top, $6.00.
The present edition of Eugene Sue's world-famous romance is printed
from new plates made from the original Chapman & Hall edition, by
far the best of any extant translation. This romance still holds its own
as one of the immortal masterpieces of French literature.
A new book by the author of " Jed” and “Tom Clifton."
JACK ALDEN.
A Story of Adventures in the Virginia Campaigns, '61 -'65.
By WARREN LEE Goss. Sixteen illustrations by FHANK
T. MERRILL. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
Mr. Goss is known as one of the best writers of War Stories. Every
boy who has read his “ Jed” or “Tom Clifton "will surely want a copy
of " Jack Alden."
GREAT MISSIONARIES OF THE CHURCH.
By the Rev.C.C. CREEGAN, D.D. 12mo, with portraits, $1.50.
Dr. Francis E. Clark, President of the United Society of Christian
Endeavor, says in his introduction to Dr. Creegan's fascinating volume :
“I can scarcely conceive of a more useful book for young people.
It combines the excellence of the spirited story of adventure and the
graphic biography of real men and women.
A Book that ought to be in the hands of every Young Man
in this country.
TURNING-POINTS IN SUCCESSFUL
CAREERS.
By the Rev. WILLIAM M. THAYER. Sixteen portraits, 16mo,
cloth, $1.50.
Two new books by the Rev. J. R. Miller, D.D.
DR. MILLER'S YEAR BOOK.
A message for each day in the year. 16mo, ornamental bind-
ing, gilt top, $1.25; flexible levant, full gilt, $2.50.
THE HIDDEN LIFE.
16mo, unique binding, gilt top, 75 cents.
HALF A DOZEN BOYS.
Illustrated Edition.
An Every-Day Story. By_ANNA CHAPIN Ray. With 18
illustrations by FRANK T. MERRILL. One vol., 8vo, 318
pages, cloth, $1.50.
“Half a Dozen Boys " was first published five years ago Few books
have ever given a greater impression of wholesome reality. The new
edition, with its cleverly drawn illustrations, will attract not only new
readers, but many who have already made the acquaintance of the
lively six, and followed them in their little history.
SOCIAL THEORY.
A Grouping of Social Facts and Principles. By John Bas-
COM, author of “Ethics, Sociology," etc., etc. (Vol. 7 in
Crowell's Library of Economics and Politics.) 12mo, $1.75.
To those who are interested in the study of Social Science, and the
rapid changes in our modern civilization, Prof. Bascom's work will be
found of great value and interest. It is calm, judicial, temperato in
tone, lofty in spirit, and will be a powerful factor for good.
FAMOUS LEADERS AMONG WOMEN.
By SARAH K. BOLTON. Illustrated with Portraits. 12mo,
cloth, $1.50.
Mrs. Bolton, in her long series of biographical writing, has succeeded
in robbing "Memoirs" of the terrors which the very term used to con-
vey to the youthful mind. She makes biography as entertaining as
fiction. Her selection embracas great variety and an opportunity of
chronicling wonderful events. This is one of the most charming of
Mrs. Bolton's "Famous" books.
SUNSHINE FOR SHUT-INS.
By a SHUT-IN. Cloth, dainty binding, gilt side, 18mo, 75 cts.
This little volume will be appreciated by many who know of invalid
friends and like to remember them in their affliction.
LA BELLE NIVERNAISE, AND
OTHER STORIES.
By ALPHONSE DAUDET. Translated by HUNTINGTON SMITH.
16mo, cloth, gilt top, $1.00; full leather, $1.50.
The above books are for sale by all Booksellers, or will be sent postpaid, on receipt of price, by the Publishers,
THOMAS Y. CROWELL & COMPANY,
46 East Fourteenth Street, NEW YORK,
100 Purchase Street, BOSTON.


268
[Nov. 1, 1895.
THE DIAL
The Publications of Way & Williams
VOLUNTEER GRAIN.
Poems by FRANCIS F. BROWNE, editor of “The Dial.”
Printed by John Wilson & Son on Van Gelder paper. Edi-
tion limited to 160 copies, of which 150 are for sale. 8vo,
gilt top, $2.25 net. [Very few remain.]
QUEEN HELEN, AND OTHER POEMS.
By John VANCE CHENEY. Printed at the DeVinne Press on
French hand-made paper; with vignette and headpiece re-
produced from compositions made by John Flaxman for the
fliad of Homer. Edition limited to 160 copies, of which 150
are for sale. 16mo, buckram, gilt top, $3.00 net. (Very
few remain.]
THE EMANCIPATED.
A Novel by GEORGE GISSING. 8vo, cloth, $1.50.
“George Gissing's new book, 'The Emancipated,' is far beyond any
of his other efforts, and may be called a masterpiece of its kind of fic-
tion." - Chicago Times-Herald.
PAUL AND VIRGINIA OF A NORTHERN ZONE.
A Romance. Translated from the Danish of HOLGER DRACH-
MANN, with introductory note by Mr. FRANCIS F. BROWNE.
Daintily printed and bound, with cover design by Mr.
BRUCE ROGERS. Gilt top, cut, $1.25. Also 55 copies
on hand-made paper, $2.50 net.
In introducing to American readers the work of the popular Danish
novelist, Holger Drachmann, the publishers have selected “Paul and
Virginia of a Northern Zone " as one of the most characteristic and at-
tractive of his shorter tales. It is a story of simple life upon a North-
ern strand, of storm and wreck at sea, of youth and its triumphant love.
The work is at once romantic and realistic ; written in a charming poetic
style, with masterly descriptive power, and strong coloring from the
scenes and life where it is laid.
RUSSIAN FAIRY TALES.
Translated by R. NISBET BAIN. Illustrated by C, M. GERE.
8vo, ornamental cloth, gilt top, $1.50.
"It is a reasonable presumption that curiosity will prompt many
readers to inspect this volume, and it is quite as certain that those who
read it will be well repaid." - Chicago Evening Post.
A SUMMER NIGHT, AND OTHER POEMS.
By ROSAMUND MARRIOTT WATSON (Graham R. Tomson),
Blue buckram,l$1.25 net.
“Mrs. Tomson holds perhaps the very highest rank among poetesses
of English birth.” — Black and White.
MY SEA, AND OTHER POSTHUMOUS POEMS.
By the Hon. RODEN NOEL. With an introduction by STAN-
LEY ADDLESHAW. Tastefully printed and bound. $1.25 net.
SONG FAVOURS, AND OTHER POEMS.
By C. W. DALMON. With a specially designed title-page.
16mo, pale green buckram, $1.25 net.
UNDER THE PINES, AND OTHER VERSES.
By LYDIA AVERY COONLEY. Printed from new type on
deckle-edge paper. 16mo, cloth, $1.25. Edition limited.
THE MIRACLES OF MADAME ST. KATHERINE
OF FIERBOIS.
Translated, with introduction, by Mr. ANDREW LANG. This
is a register of the miracles as they occurred (1300-1500) and,
really, a series of vignettes of life during the Hundred
Years' War. It is hardly known, if at all, and is very hu-
morous. The edition will be a small one, in two states,
printed on paper specially manufactured, with appropriate
decorations and illustrations, details as to which, and as to
price, will be announced later.
SHELLEY'S TRANSLATION OF THE
BANQUET OF PLATO.
A dainty reprint of Shelley's little-known translation of “The
Banquet of Plato," prefaced by the poet's fragmentary note
on “The Symposium.” Title-page and decorations by Mr.
BRUCE ROGERS. 116mo, $1.50. Seventy-five copies on hand-
made paper, $3.00 net.
THEODORE L. DE VINNE.
A portrait of the founder of the De Vinne Press. Etched by
Mr. THOMAS JOHNSON after a photograph by Mr. GEORGE
C. Cox. Two editions will be printed by Messrs. Kimmel
& Voigt, one of 200 on etching paper, signed by the artist,
at $5.00 per copy, the other of 50 copies on Japanese vellum,
signed by Mr. DeVinne and by the artist, and framed in
oak or rosewood, at $25.00 per copy.
HAND AND SOUL.
By DANTE GABRIEL ROSSETTI. Printed by Mr. William
Morris at the Kelmscott Press, in the “Golden" type, with
a specially designed title-page and border, and in special
binding: “ Hand and Soul". first appeared in · The
Germ," the short-lived magazine of the Pre-Raphaelite
Brotherhood. A few copies also on vellum.
NIM AND CUM, AND THE WONDER-HEAD
STORIES.
By CATHARINE BROOKS YALE. Cover and decorations by
Mr. BRUCE ROGERS. 16mo, linen, gilt top, uncut, $1.25.
To her intimate friends, Mrs. Yale has long been known as an accom-
plished story-teller. Some of her stories, adapted to the uses of chil-
dren and their elders, are collected in this book. “Nim and Cum " is
characterized by a graceful fancy and quaint humor, while the “Won-
der-Head Stories " are full of side lights into animal and insect nature,
as interesting as they are informing.
THE LITTLE M, AND OTHER STORIES.
By MADELENE YALE WYNNE. With cover design, frontis-
piece, and decorations by the author. 16mo, linen, gilt top,
uncut, $1.25.
“The Little Room" is reprinted from “Harper's Magazine" for
August, 1895 ; the other stories are new. All have been seen by Miss
Mary E. Wilkins in manuscript, and are characterized by her as "richly
and wierdly inventive," but with " no foundation in fact or fable." No
more original book of "ghostly folk-lore" tales has appeared in this
century.
THE OLD ENGLISH TALES.
By S. BARING-Gould. With illustrations by F. D. BEDFORD.
Octavo, cloth, $2.25.
LITTLE LEADERS.
By WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. A selection from editorial
articles written for “The Dial" by Mr. W. M. Payne,
Associate Editor. 16mo, cloth, gilt top, uncut, $1.50.
THE HAPPY WANDERER.
Poems by PERCY HEMINGWAY. With title designed by
Charle 1. ffoulkes. Printed at the Chiswick Press on hand-
made paper. Square 16mo, cloth, $1.50 net.
THE DEATH-WAKE: or, Lunacy.
A Necromaunt in Tbree Chimeras by THOMAS T. STODDART.
With an introduction by Mr. ANDREW LANG. 16mo, car-
dinal buckram, $1.50 net.
Mr. Lang in his introduction says: “The extreme rarity of the
"Death-Wake' is a reason for its republication, which may or may not
be approved of by collectors. Of the original edition one author says
that more than seventy copies were sold in the first week of publication,
but thereafter the publisher failed in business. The Death-
Wake' is the work of a lad who certainly had read Keats, Coleridge,
and Shelley, but who is no imitator of these great poets. He has, in a
few passages, and at his best, an accent original, distinct, strangely
musical, and really replete with promise. He has a fresh unborrowed
melody and mastery of words, the first indispensable sign of a true poet.”
VESPERTILIA, AND OTHER VERSES.
By ROSAMUND MARRIOTT WATSON (Graham R. Tomson),
author of "A Summer Night” and The Bird - Bride."
Title-page designed by R. ANNING BELL. Foolscap octavo,
dark peacock buckram, $1.50 net.
WAY & WILLIAMS, Monadnock Block, Chicago.
THE DIAL PRESS, CHICAGO.


1 1621
por. Earn
THE DIAL
A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF
Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
EDITED BY | Volume XIX.
FRANCIS F. BROWNE. No. 226.
CHICAGO, NOV. 16, 1895.
10 cts. a copy.
82. a year.
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THE ART OF LIVING. By ROBERT GRANT. With 135 illustrations by C. D. GIBSON, B. W. CLINE-
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UNC' EDINBURG. A Plantation Echo. By Thomas Nelson PAGE. Illustrated by B. W. CLINE-
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REFLECTIONS AND COMMENTS, 1865-1895. By E. L. GODkin, editor of the New York Even-
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CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 153 - 157 Fifth Ave., New York.


270
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS, New York and London.
Tales of a Traveller.
By WASHINGTON IRVING. The Buckthorne Edition, uniform
in general style with the Holiday Editions of “The Alham-
bra," “ Granada," "Knickerbocker," and "Sketch-Book."
Printed from new type, with artistically designed borders
by GEORGE WHARTON EDWARDS, and 25 photogravure
illustrations from designs by Arthur Rackham, Allan Bar-
raud, F.S. Church, George Wharton Edwards, Henry Sand-
bam, Frederick Dielman, and others. 2 vols. 8vo, cloth
extra, $6.00; three-quarters levant, $12.00.
Mr. Midshipman Easy.
By Captain MARRYAT. Malta Edition. With 16 full-page
illustrations by R. F. ZOGBAUM. 8vo, $2.50.
American War Ballads.
Edited by GEORGE CARY EGGLESTON. Comprising a selec-
tion of the most noteworthy ballad poetry produced during
the Colonial Period, the Indian Wars, the Revolution, the
War of 1812-14, the Mexican War, and the Civil War.
Fully illustrated from original designs. New edition, two
volumes in one. 12mo, $1.50.
Ballads of the Nations,
Profusely illustrated. Square 16mo, buckram, price per vol-
ume, 75 cts.
1. The Book of British Ballads. With illustrations.
2. Ancient Spanish Ballads. Historical and Romantic. Trans-
lated, with Notes, by J. G. LOCKHART.
3 and 4. American War Ballads. Edited by GEORGE CARY EGGLE-
STON. Fully illustrated. 2 vols.
3. French Ballads. Printed in the original text. Edited by T. F.
CRANE. Illustrated.
6, 7, and 8. The Iliads of Homer. Translated from the Greek by
GEORGE CHAPMAN. With a full series of illustrations. 3 vols.
The Elia Series.
A Selection of Famous Books, offered as specimens of the
best literature and of artistic typography and bookmaking.
Printed on deckle-edge paper, bound in full ooze calf with
gilt tops, 16mo (642 x 442 inches), each volume, in box,
$2.25.
There are three different colors of binding, dark green, garnet, and
umber.
First Group: The Essays of Elia. 2 vols.—The Discourses of
Epictetus.-Sesame and Lilies.-Autobiography of Franklin.
- Thoughts of Marcus Aurelius.
Fly - Leaves Series.
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circuit edges, 16mo, each in box, $1.75.
1. Verses and Fly-Leaves. By CHARLES STUART CALVERLEY.
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ARD HENRY STODDARD.
The Stories of the Ages.
Uniform with the “Elia" Series. Printed on deckle-edge
paper and bound in full rough ooze calf, with gilt tops, 16mo
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SELECT TALES FROM THE GESTA ROMANORUM. Translated
from the Latin.- HEADLONG HALL. By Thomas Love Peacock.-
CRANFORD. By Mrs. Gaskell.-TALES BY HEINRICH ZSCHOKKE.
-THE ROSE AND THE RING. By Thackeray. With the author's
illustrations.-UNDINE. By De La Motte Fouqué. Illustrated.
About Men:
What Women have Said. An Every-day Book. Compiled
and arranged by ROSE PORTER. Uniform with “ About
Women: What Men have Said." 16mo, gilt top, $1.00.
Little Journeys
To the Homes of Good Men and Great. By ELBERT HUB-
BARD, author of "No Enemy but Himself," etc. Illus-
trated with 12 portraits, some of which are in photogravure.
16mo, printed on deckle-edge paper, gilt top, $1.75.
Echoes of the Playhouse.
Reminiscences of Some of the Past Glories of the English
Stage. By EDWARD ROBINS, Jr. With 16 illustrations from
contemporary prints, portraits, etc. Ornamental cloth,
$2.00.
The Midsummer of Italian Art.
Containing an Examination of the Works of Fra Angelico,
Michael Angelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Correg-
gio. By FRANK PRESTON STEARNS, author of "The Life
of Tintoretto," etc. $2.25.
The Proverbial Philosophy of Confucius.
An Everyday Book. Chosen and arranged by FORSTER H.
JENINGS. 16mo, cloth, $1.00.
Lyrics and Ballads of Heine,
Goethe, and Other German Poets. Translated by FRANCES
HELLMAN. Second edition, revised and enlarged. 16mo,
ornamental cloth, $1.50.
Love Poems of Three Centuries.
Compiled and arranged by JESSIE F. O'DONNELL. New and
Holiday Edition. In 2 vols. Ornamental cloth, 12mo, $2.50.
Great Men's Sons.
Stories of the Sons of Great Men from Socrates to Napoleon.
A book for boys. By ELBRIDGE S. BROOKS, author of
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8vo, $1.50.
Tales from the Fjeld.
A Series of Popular Tales from the Norse of P.C. ASBJÖRN-
SEN. By Sir GEORGE WEBB DASENT, D.C.L., author of
“Popular Tales from the Norse." With over 100 original
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Fairy Tales of Other Lands. By a variety of Authors. VOL-
TAIRE, EMILE DE GIRARDIN, WILHELM HAUF, XAVIER
MARMIER, etc. With 84 illustrations by H. R. MILLAR.
8vo, $2.00.
Israel Among the Nations.
A Study of the Jews and Antisemitism. By ANATOLE LE-
ROY-BEAULIEU. Translated by FRANCES HELLMAN. Au-
thorized edition for the United States and Europe. 8vo.
The British Barbarians.
A Hill-top Novel. By GRANT ALLEN, author of “The Wo-
man who Did," "The Tents of Shem," etc. American
Copyright Edition. 16mo, cloth, $1.00.
Notes on New Books, a quarterly bulletin, and prospectuses of the Heroes and Stories of the Nations Series sent on application.
Putnam's Portrait Catalogue sent, mail prepaid, on receipt of ten cents.


1895.]
271
THE DIAL
LONGMANS, GREEN, & Co.'s NEW BOOKS.
Longmans' English Classics.
EDITED BY
GEORGE RICE CARPENTER, A.B.,
Professor of Rhetoric and English Composition in Co-
lumbia College. With full Notes, Introductions,
Bibliographies, and other Explanatory and Illustra-
tive Matter. Crown 8vo, cloth.
A NEW BOOK BY THE LATE G. J. ROMANES.
MIND AND MOTION and MONISM.
By the late GEORGE JOHN ROMANES, M.A., LL.D.,
F.R.S., Honorary Fellow of Gonville and Caius College,
Cambridge. Crown 8vo, $1.25.
CONTENTS: Mind and Motion-Monism-Introduction.-
I. Spiritualism.-II. Materialism.-III. Monism.-IV. The
World as an Eject.–V. The Will in Relation to Materialism
and Spiritualism.-VI. The Will in Relation to Monism.
NEW VOLUMES.
MACAULAY'S ESSAY ON MILTON.
Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by J. G. CROSWELL,
Esq., Head-master of the Brearley School, New York, for-
merly Assistant Professor in Harvard University.
WEBSTER'S FIRST BUNKER HILL ORA.
TION.
Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by Professor F. N.
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272
[Nov. 16,
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19


274
[Nov. 16, 1895.
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A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Enformation.
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distinction to make the story of their lives
worth reading about. The literature of auto-
No. 226. NOVEMBER 16, 1895. Vol. XIX. biography is full of tributes — appreciative,
affectionate, grateful, and reverent -- to the
CONTENTS.
memory of the men who, at the impressionable
age of the writers' lives, gave to them the bent
THE TEACHER AS AN INDIVIDUAL.. ... 275
that was to remain characteristic, inculcated
the ideals of learning or of conduct that were
THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AND THE MAK- thereafter to be pursued. The affection of Mar-
ING OF WRITERS. Richard Burton .
277
cus Aurelius for Fronto, of Xenophon and
EUGENE FIELD.
278
Plato for Socrates, are classical instances that
at once rise in the memory. The tribute of the
WALTER PATER'S LAST VOLUME. Edward E.
Florentine to his teacher, met upon the Fiery
Hale, Jr..
279
Plain of the Seventh Circle, and reminded of
A NEW HISTORY OF EDUCATION. B. A. Hins-
“La cara e buona imagine paterna
dale
282
Di voi, quando nel mondo ad ora ad ora
M'insegnavate come l'uom s'eterna,"
THE STORY OF SIR SAMUEL BAKER. Selim H. has been repeated, with every possible shade of
Peabody.
283 tender expression, by all sorts and conditions
THE CONCLUSION OF BAIRD'S HISTORY OF
of men of the modern world, down to the pupils
THE HUGUENOTS. Henry E. Bourne 1. 285 of Arnold at Rugby, and of other teachers of
our own day. The name of many a faithful
THE CHAUTAUQUA BOOKS. William Morton
teacher has been rescued from the oblivion
Payne .
287
Scripture's Thinking, Feeling, Doing.-Starr's Some
that else awaited it by some such tribute as that
First Steps in Human Progress. — Wright's The In- of Dante to Brunetto, uttered by some voice
dustrial Evolution of the United States. — Judson's that has compelled the world's attention, and
The Growth of the American Nation.-Beers's Initial
Studies in American Letters.
many a reader of such utterances has felt a
responsive thrill of gratitude as he has recalled
INDIAN RELIGIONS. G. S. Good speed
289
the devoted ministrations and sympathetic guid-
Phillips's The Teaching of the Vedas.- Mme. Rago-
zin's The Story of Vedic India.- Hopkins's The Re-
ance of some teacher of his own youth.
ligions of India.
It is to be noted that in nearly all cases of
the class now under discussion, the teacher is
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS .
290
remembered as an individual, a distinctly-
Handbooks of poetical allusion.-A Jewish view of
Judaism.-Russian fairy tales in English.-A Prac-
marked character, a personal influence for
tical Mark Tapleyian philosopher. - New American good ; rarely, if ever, as the representative of
edition of R. L. Stevenson.-Annotated English clas-
sics.-A manual of educational thoughts and meth-
a system or the exponent of a method. Stress
ods. Studies in American education.- A practical is laid upon the fruitful contact of soul with
German grammar, - Text-books in Rhetoric. - The
soul, not upon the workings of the educational
single-volume complete Browning.-Ideals of modern
education. — Introduction to Herbartian pedagogy.
machinery, however nice the adjustment of its
- Patriotism and citizenship. — Selected essays of parts. Nor is the teacher thus held in grate-
Sainte-Beuve. – Metaphor and simile in the Eliza-
ful remembrance because of his success in cram-
bethan drama.—The spiritual autobiography of Wal-
ter Pater.
ming the student with facts, or because of his
skill as a disciplinarian. Success of this sort
LITERARY NOTES
295
may be accounted highly by administrative
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
296 educational bodies, but is as nothing in the
.
.
.


276
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
a
afterglow of the student's recollection, unless individuality of the teacher tends also to make
associated with success of a very different kind. impossible the attainment of these aims. Most
It is wisdom rather than knowledge, sympa teachers, in most civilized countries to-day, are
thetic insight rather than mere strength of will, so cabined, cribbed, and confined, by admin-
that makes upon the student a lasting impres- istrative prescription, that they are not free to
sion and leaves him with an abiding sense of be individuals at all; they are only cog-wheels
deep obligation to his mentor. However com- in the machinery. What we are sometimes
pletely a teacher may achieve the lower aims tempted to call the curse of centralization
of educational work—the aims that are tested has so fallen upon most of our educational or-
by examinations, and theses, and the observa-ganizations that the very word “system” has
tion of official visitors—a student will feel but come to have the connotations of lifelessness,
slight personal indebtedness if the higher aims and inadequacy, and dull uniformity. The
have not at the same time been sought after higher education has generally learned the
with equal strenuousness. It is in the realiza- lesson that system, although an excellent ser-
tion of these higher aims that the pith of the vant, is a poor master, but the lower education
matter is found, and school inspectors (unless everywhere calls loudly for emancipation. The
they be men of the Matthew Arnold type) can teacher in a German Gymnasium, a French
know next to nothing of the degree to which lycée, an English board school, or the school
they have been realized.
of an American city, is so hampered by need-
Many wise writers upon education have less regulations and requirements, by the drudg-
sought to set forth the really vital aims of the ery of unnecessary bookkeeping and prescribed
art pedagogic; none, perhaps, more success- written work, by the exigencies of over-de-
fully than Mr. John Morley. He says: tailed courses of instruction and ill-chosen text-
“There appear to be three dominant states of mind, books—to say nothing of the negative embar-
with groups of faculties associated with each of them, rassment resulting from a sadly deficient school
which it is the business of the instructor firmly to es-
tablish in the character of the future man.
equipment — that he becomes utterly disheart-
The first
is a resolute and unflinching respect for Truth; for the
ened at the thought of doing good work under
conclusions, that is to say, of the scientific reason, com- so great a variety of adverse conditions, and
prehending also a constant anxiety to take all possible can only resign himself to his fate.
pains that such conclusions shall be rightly drawn. Take the matter of text-books alone : a text-
Connected with this is the discipline of the whole range
of intellectual faculties, from the simple habit of cor-
book is a tool, and its chief excellence is in
rect observation, down to the highly complex habit of being fitted to the hand that must use it. There
weighing and testing the value of evidence. The second is no more reason why a teacher should have
fundamental state in a rightly formed character is a forced upon him a text-book that he does not
deep feeling for things of the spirit which are unknown
and incommeasurable ; a sense of awe, mystery, sub-
like than there is for denying a cabinet-maker
limity, and the fateful bounds of life at its beginning the right to select his own tools. It is irra-
and its end. The third state, which is at least as diffi- tionally urged that a school system must be
cult to bring to healthy perfection as either of the other based upon the use of uniform school manuals ;
two, is a passion for Justice.”
whereas uniformity in such a matter is not even
Here is a programme indeed, one not embodied desirable, let alone being necessary.
in any official document, and quite irreducible own country, we act for the most part upon
to the neat formulas of methodology, yet more the crude theory that administrative boards
or less distinctly present in the consciousness may properly select the text-books to be used
of every true educator, and the object of his by teachers, and the patent evils for which this
most earnest desire. Such were the aims of notion is responsible are counted as nothing in
Socrates, as far as we may disentangle them comparison with the blessings of uniformity.
from the iridescent web of Platonic expression; The simple truth is that uniformity in this and
such have been the aims of the inspired teach- many similar matters is the veriest bugbear,
ers of all generations since.
and that what is needed more than anything
What, it may well be asked, is the bearing else is the reduction of prescriptive uniformity
of these extremely abstract considerations upon to the barest minimum. In fact, the attitude
,
the actual problems of the present educational of the educator towards this subject should be
day? To us the reply seems very obvious. that every sort of uniform regulation must give
Such aims as we believe to be the most essen- indubitable proof of its necessity before it has
tial of all in education are not easy of attain. any right to exist; the prevalent attitude being,
ment at best, and whatever tends to repress the we need hardly say, that the presumption is in
a
In our


1895.)
277
THE DIAL
favor of the uniform rule. Local option is as reformer quite as promising as that which is
essential to educational as to political vitality, offered by the question of superintendence, the
and it should be extended not merely to every question of professional training, or the ques-
school, but to every individual teacher, in every tion of compensation and tenure.
case possible. :
The urgent plea, heard at all educational
gatherings, and voiced in all educational jour-
THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AND
nals, that we need better teachers in our schools,
THE MAKING OF WRITERS.
is doubtless the one to be kept most prominent
in current discussions, and can hardly be re-
The recent volume on the teaching of English,
peated too persistently. But when the ques. during the past year by sundry college professors,
made up of the papers contributed to THE DIAL
tion of ways and means comes up, there are
opportunities for a wide divergence of opinion. the main points of which may herewith be set down.
suggests a train of thought to the literary worker,
What we most need is pedagogical training,
Anyone who takes the trouble to examine the
says one; another rides the hobby of increased book, and who knows the earlier conditions of En-
superintendence; a third finds in higher sal- glish culture in our institutions of learning, must
aries and permanent tenure a sovereign remedy perforce testify to the betterment of the situation
for the evil of inefficient teaching. All these chronicled therein. In half a dozen or more places
opinions have their weight; and, doubtless, in this country, the student may now, instead of the
our teachers would be better as a class if more vague, aimless æsthetico-critical smattering that did
of them were first professionally trained, then
service aforetime, receive a symmetrical and catho-
wisely guided during the early years of their
lic training in the linguistic, historical, comparative
and purely literary aspects of a study which is com-
work, and all the time assured of advancement in
ing properly to be recognized as a natural culture-
proportion to the development of their ability,
centre for men and women of our speech. By adopt-
and of a compensation befitting the high char- ing the German method and taking advantage of
acter of their calling, and the social status which the specific courses at several colleges, a post-grad-
should of right be theirs. But, excellent as all uate scholar can get a broad training such as was
these things are, we venture to think a still not dreamed of a generation ago.
worthier aim that of making the profession of
But conceding this improved situation, a question
teaching attractive by making it one that may
of paramount importance to the embryo litterateur
be pursued without the loss of self-respect. We
arises : to-wit, Under present conditions may one
do not get the best kind of men and women in
wishing to fit himself for the career of letters take,
with the best results, the modern course in English
our schoolrooms, mainly because we make it
only too evident that we do not want them. latter-day tendency, increasingly, is to emphasize
offered by a progressive university or college? The
The kind of person who ought to be there is the philological side of English study; this being a
the kind of person who is not likely to be will- reaction from the previous too exclusive devotion
ing to submit to the petty regulations with to æsthetics, and a natural result of the wonderful
which most of our teachers are hedged about. development in the vigorous young science of lan-
Too many of our public school systems have guage. Like all reactions, in some quarters it has
as their basis distrust of the teacher's ability, gone too far, so that occasionally a thinker like Pro-
and even of his honesty. Then, when it is sug-
fessor Corson sounds a note of warning. Young
gested that such and such matters may very
men have forgotten literature in a still-hunt after
the umlaut; they have failed to see the forest for
suitably be left to the discretion of the indi.
the leaves. But while the attention to philology,
vidual teacher, we are informed that he cannot
as such, may be prosecuted with a zeal which for-
be trusted to deal properly with them. There gets that—at least for the future literator—it is but
never was a more vicious circle of reasoning. a means to an end, it is quite true that a thorough
The formula seems to be : first, to eliminate grounding in historic English, enabling the student
from the schools all persons likely to have and to trace steadily the evolution of both language and
to exercise good individual judgment; second, literature from the beginnings, makes the best pos-
to complain that those who are left cannot
be sible basis for all other exercise in the use of the
trusted to think for themselves, but must have mother-tongue for purposes of literary creation. He
their work laid out for them on the most rigid the start, who knows not only his Chaucer and
who has traced organically English literature from
lines. We firmly believe that this deliberate Shakespeare, but his Beowulf and Cædmon as well,
suppression of the teacher's individualism is one
may be trusted to have a sense of English as an
of the greatest evils that now exists in our pub- instrument of expression and a medium of thought
lic education, and that it offers a field for the I such as one not so thoroughly indoctrinated could


278
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
not command. If the initial severe linguistic drill The individual literary forms, then, are begin-
be not allowed to swamp æsthetic taste and inter- ning to be studied in what may be called, with no
est, he who undertakes it will rejoice thereat for the unpleasant implication, the scientific spirit,—which
rest of his literary life.
is just the way to help the writer to the technique
It is further to be said that he who now essays of his craft. In fine, the present hopeful status is
to study English, looking eventually to literary expressed when we say that the teaching of English
work, gains much from the fact that the subject to-day, in the enlightened centres, puts the student
can be pursued in its historic associations, atmos- in the way of mastering the rationale and the tech-
pherically: in other words, English can be investi- nique of his work; thereby restraining and mould-
gated as one of the allied groups of Germanic ing to the best and highest uses the fund of æsthetic
tongues. The English scholar of the present day appreciation which, if it be in him by birthright,
makes the acquaintance not only of Old English, will be fostered, not killed, by this broad, stern,
but of the German, Dutch, and Scandinavian lan- wholesome discipline. And this, English instruction
guages, and he gets in this way a comparative sur- can now claim to do for anyone who undertakes the
vey of the speech and literature of a number of study with the intention of adopting literature as a
important and richly productive tongues bound by life-work. The writer of this article (if he may be
blood-ties to his own. The immense advantage to pardoned a personal reference which illustrates his
literary culture of attention to the classics has been point) subjected himself for a term of years to a
insisted upon, time out of mind : a similar drill, and strict philological training, with the expectation of
a similar, though perhaps not equal, enrichment is taking up work which would be a natural sequella
won from a knowledge of these linguistic first and to such study. And although he has deflected into
second cousins of English. Thus, to indoctrinate journalistic and general literary work, he wishes to
the English-speaking and English-reading person testify that he would exchange for no other drill,
for purposes of culture is surely quite as well as to extending over the same time, the familiarity with
steep him in the classic lore traditionally regarded the organism of language and literature derived
as the beginning of philological and other wisdom. from that close and on occasion dry experience with
By this collateral study, as we might call it, a grip English in its past and present story. It is an ex-
on the mother-tongue, an insight into her idioms perience needed to place the worker on easy terms
and thought-modes and modes of expression, to- with his tools; it is an influence which should do
gether with a comprehension of those qualities she much to remove the taint of Bohemianism which
shares with her sister-languages, may be gained, from time immemorial has been detected in the
such as shall prove invaluable to the writer. At works and ways of Buckthorne and his friends.
the same time, he acquires the elements of com-
RICHARD BURTON.
parative criticism and is in a position to go on and
get all the more from the wider linguistic and
æsthetic experience of Greek and Latin. This pos-
sibility of beginning language and literature study
at home, with the native tongue, and working out
EUGENE FIELD.
therefrom by way of the germane tongues, the im- The sudden death of Eugene Field, on the fourth of
proved methods now obtaining have put within the this month, removed a conspicuous figure from the
reach of all.
small group of literary people who make Chicago their
And the literary worker in posse has, too, the home. He was probably the most widely known of
vantage-ground of some sort of organized treatment them all, for his ten years' unbroken connection with a
of the several departments of English — whether
local newspaper had wrought for his reputation the
philological, critical, or æsthetic. The curricula
usual cumulative effect; he was, besides, a familiar
outlined by the teachers in the book suggesting figure on the platform, and, as a reader of his own
these reflections showed plainly enough such a
verses, had become known to many thousands of hear-
Born in 1850, he was in the prime of life at the
recognition. Doubtless the articulation of the parts time of his taking-off, and his later work gave evidence
will be clearer in time to come: it may well be of progress towards a riper culture than he had, for the
that, sometime, the scientific historical study of the most part, displayed in his earlier writings. His talent
drama, the essay, fiction, and poetry, in their gen- deserved a better fate than that of lifelong service to
era and species, will be pursued in some such fash-
journalism, the taskmaster that impelled him to many
ion as was adumbrated by a Dial correspondent
a hasty and unconsidered utterance. Time will sift
- and great were the gain thereof.
the meritorious things in his work from the heap of
But the student can now at least elect courses in
unsightly scoria in which they are embedded, and is
the historic development of language and literature,
likely to preserve the better among his lyrics. His life
was lighted by
in the dynamics as well as statics of the subject,
“ The loveliest lamp for earthly feet,
with a proper culmination in the spiritual philoso-
The light of little children, and their love,"
phy underlying more technical and material phases and it is as a poet of childhood that he will be chiefly
of his work, which should furnish forth a writer
remembered. His published writings consist mainly of
well-equipped and in the best sense informed with two books of prose tales, two books of verse, and a
a true culture.
paraphrase of Horace.
ers.
months ago


1895.)
279
THE DIAL
>
difference wrought by fourteen years is not
The New Books.
quite so marked as that wrought by thirty, but
still it is not very hard to perceive it.
In
WALTER PATER'S LAST VOLUME.* Diaphaneitè ” he writes :
This second posthumous collection of Mr. “Simplicity in purpose and act is a kind of deter-
Pater's essays, of “miscellaneous studies,” has
minate expression in dexterous outline of one's person-
ality. It is a kind of moral expressiveness ; there is
probably been expectantly waited for by a
an intellectual triumph implied in it. Such a simplicity
larger number than greeted any of the books
is characteristic of the repose of perfect intellectual
published during his lifetime. Mr. Pater's culture. The artist and he who has treated life in the
reputation extended but slowly. There must spirit of art desires only to be shown to the world as
have been many readers of Mr. Mallock's
he really is; as he comes nearer and nearer to perfec-
tion, the veil of an outer life not simply expressive of
“ New Republic” twenty years ago who won- an inward becomes thinner and thinner. This intel.
dered somewhat at that singular and disagree-lectual throne is rarely won. Like the religious life,
able Mr. Rose. Who was it that could be it is a paradox in the world, denying the first conditions
put in along with Matthew Arnold and John
of man's ordinary existence, cutting obliquely the spon-
Ruskin ? At that time Mr. Pater was gen-
taneous order of things." (P. 217.)
erally known only by his studies in “ The In “ Pascal”:
Renaissance." To-day it is not so unnatural “ There are moments of one's own life, aspects of
to think of him as one of the chief critics of the life of others, of which the conclusion that the will
art and literature of our day. His seven vol-
is free seems to be the only — is the natural or reason-
able account. Yet those very moments on reflexion,
umes are well-known, and he is well or ill
on second thoughts, present themselves again, as but
thought of by many.
links in a chain, in an all-embracing network of chains.
Different people value him for different In all education we assume, in some inexplicable com-
things. For my part, on reading this last bination, at once the freedom and the necessity of the
book of his, I think mostly of Mr. Pater's
subject of it. And who on a survey of life from out-
side would willingly lose the dramatic contrasts, the
ideal of a way of life, of the group of some alternating interests, for which the opposed ideas of
half-dozen very distinctive characters which freedom and necessity are our respective points of view ?
he created, and of his rather singular style. How significant become the details we might other-
A style Mr. Pater certainly had, although there
wise pass by almost unobserved, but to which we are
put on the alert by the abstract query whether a man
exists no very valuable characterization of it.
be indeed a freeman or a slave, as we watch from aside
“Long-drawn music” it is called by one, and his devious course, his struggles, his final tragedy or
whipt cream by another ; but more definite triumph. So much value at least there may be in prob-
views are somewhat to seek. It is an interest-
lems insoluble in themselves, such as that great con-
ing style, however, and one which rather chal-
troversy of Pascal's day between Jesuit and Jansenist.”
(Pp. 55, 56.)
lenges a man to define it. One thing obvious
enough is that in the course of the thirty years
The difference between these two extracts may
in which his work was published, his style Pater's earlier work and the greater part at
in varying degree be perceived between all
underwent a great change. Certain enduring
qualities his writing always possessed,- it was
least of his later. It is an interesting differ-
always scholarly, always harmonious, always the sentences are shorter, although this is doubt-
It is not merely that in his early work
subtle, and there were also certain constant
Nor is it that the
minor habits,— but in his later years his style less on the whole the case.
had undergone so great a change that many ad- .
sentences are less complicated, or that there is
mirers of “The Renaissance must have been
more predication, although this also I suppose
out of patience with “ Plato and Platonism.” "
to be the case.
The difference is probably as
The reader of this posthumous volume will be
much in the thinking as in the writing. In
interested in looking first at “ Diaphaneitè,” the early passage we have a number of direct
the earliest piece of his work that we have, and
statements, oarefully modified and limited it
then at “ Pascal,” the last. In a greater de
is true, but quite clear-cut and authoritative.
gree he will experience what he may have re-
Half a dozen generalizations are presented to the
marked in reading the essay on Coleridge in
reader; each of independent interest, although
;
“ Appreciations,” the first half of which ap-
of course they are closely connected. But the
We
peared in 1866 and the second in 1880. The
later passage offers nothing of the sort.
have approximations to the right idea, second
* MISCELLANEOUS STUDIES. A series of essays by Walter
Pater. Prepared for the press by Charles L. Shadwell. New
thoughts, assumptions, queries rather than ques-
York: Macmillan & Co.
tions, personal experience, remarks, the whole
-


280
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
aiming to leave us in a state, not of certainty, writer in “The Quarterly Review” for last
but of prepossession. This is persuasion ; com- July spends some time in commenting on Mr.
pared with this the early manner seems trench-Pater's “recantation,” as he calls it; and cer-
ant. Certainly that little Oxford essay seems tainly the tone of “ Marius” is not the tone of
crude to those who have learned to like Mr. the conclusion to “ The Renaissance." It is
Pater's later writing. Its serried phalanx of sen- hardly right to speak here of recantation ; some
tences, each one stiff and rigid, sharp and pol years after writing “ Marius" Mr. Pater re-
ished, like a spear stuck up in the air, strikes us stored the omitted conclusion to its former
a little harshly. And yet, although it may be place. But although he desired to stand to his
crude, it is not so very different from a much old views, there need be no doubt that the
finer and more familiar piece of work which “ Conclusion " did not fully express his then
came not so long afterward, the Conclusion * to position ; one sees readily enough, on reading
The Renaissance.” The style there is very it along with the chapters in “ Marius " which
definite and direct,— one reason why people express the same matter (chapters viii., ix.),
remember it better than Mr. Pater's later ut- that there has been a change. The same sources,
terances.
the same ideas, the same conclusions; and yet
“ Not the fruit of experience, but experience itself, is the temper is wholly different. Whatever ideal
the end."
of a way of life is put forward in that “Con-
“To burn always with this hard gem-like flame, to clusion” had evidently, by the time of “Ma-
maintain this ecstasy, is success in life.”
“ Not to discriminate every moment some passionate
rius,” been, not rejected probably, but left be-
hind. Mr. Pater, never holding that any con-
attitude in those about us . . . is, in this short day of
frost and sun, to sleep before evening.”
viction was ultimate, had got beyond his earlier
Compare such convictions with the “ Essay on
view. He had doubtless developed somewhat
Style,” fifteen years later:
in ten years ; strange if he had not.
As to where he found himself, there is a little
“In Pascal, for instance, in the persuasive writers
generally, how difficult to define the point where, from
evidence, though not of the most definite char-
time to time, argument which, if it is to be worth any- acter. The development of the thinking and
thing at all, must consist of facts or groups of facts, be- feeling of Marius is something of an indication.
comes a pleading—a theorem no longer, but essentially But if we pass by for the moment the possibil.
an appeal to the reader to catch the writer's spirit,
to think with him, if one can or will — an expression ity of deductions from this particular piece of
no longer of fact but of his sense of it, his peculiar in- fiction, and look about us for other evidence
tuition of a world prospective, or discerned below the
of Mr. Pater's ideas at this time, we come at
faulty conditions of the present, in either case changed once to the “ Imaginary Portraits.” Of these,
somewhat from the actual world."
four were published not long after “ Marius ";
Such a change in the mode of expression might the present volume gives us three more. One
very possibly indicate nothing more than a of these last was written in 1878, the two others
change of intention, a desire to get closer to much later. Of all seven, none bear the stamp
the real current of our thought, to approxi- of autobiographic feeling more than do “ The
mate more nearly to the actual forms of our Child in the House” and “Sebastian van
speech. Such doubtless it was, - there are Storck,” of which the latter is more to our
many evidences of the endeavor, too many to present purpose. In “Sebastian van Storck”
cite here,— but comparing it with some other we have a young man who, by hard thinking,
considerations, it seems as though this change had carefully elaborated a way of life for him-
in the mode of expression must have been the self, and was come finally to an attempt to put
outward indication of a change in the way of it in practice. We need not suppose that the
thinking. A change in a man's way of think- particular line of thought in question had ever
ing, of looking at things, is nothing extraordi- been Mr. Pater's own (although there is a far-
nary; it is, on the other hand, almost a neces- away echo in “Emerald Uthwart”), but we
sity, especially in the case in question. Mr. may perhaps believe that there was something
Pater never acquiesced, to put it as he put it reminiscent in the general situation. To think
himself, in a facile orthodoxy of his own. A out carefully a way of life, and to try to walk
*Mr Louis Dyer in “The Nation” for August 23, 1894 (p.
in it,— this is the story of Sebastian, and of
138), says it was written in 1868. Mr. Shadwell, in the biblio- Marius, and possibly enough of Mr. Pater him-
graphy prefixed to “Miscellaneous Studies," makes no men- self. But then, in the case of Sebastian we
tion of the fact, if it be such. But there are one or two
minor errors in that bibliography, and it may be that the
have the sudden sweeping on of a logic beyond
Conclusion was written some years before publishing. the timid assurances of reason, and the man is


1895.]
281
THE DIAL
hurried out of his carefully arranged life into youth which Mr. Pater loved, which he has by
an act of self-sacrifice which brings about his other ways than by direct portrait presented to
death. It was something that he had not fore- us; and the early life, the school life, of Emer-
seen, had not deduced from his premises; and ald is quite representative of the moods, the
yet it was harmonious, almost syllogistic, right. temper, that we have in mind. Deprived some-
So also was it with Marius. Prepared as he how of the natural, the hereditary freedom that
was for Christianity, by many thoughts and seemed his right, he honestly, even submis-
infinite feeling, it needed the pressure of ex. sively, gave himself up to the influences and
ternal events to carry him out of his own circle requirements of his school-days; the result be-
of reasoning into the self-sacrifice which left ing, as with Marius or Hippolytus, a life of
him dead with those who had long been his happy, loyal, and unconscious preparation for
brothers in the spirit and his sisters. It would an unknown end, which when it came was un-
be hardly right to attempt to go further, but expected, at first incomprehensible, and always
all reading of Mr. Pater's later work tends to wholly noble. A sort of cultivation—ascêsis,
make one believe that he was himself advanc- as be so often called it — submissive, self-re-
ing from the ground on which he had once felt strained, open to all good impressions, such, so
secure, advancing cautiously, slowly, always far as we can judge from the matter as well as
testing his foothold, and yet always with a the manner of Mr. Pater's more recent work,
presentment that there might at any time, and was the result into which the Epicureanism of
that suddenly, come to pass something that the “ Conclusion "might very possibly have de-
should knock' from his hand the staff with veloped. By no means self-indulgence, not even
which he groped and snatch him swiftly into self-cultivation merely: it was rather a kind of
the splendor of convincing and glorious light. expectant self-development, a recognition of
The particular point which he had reached is duty, of responsibility, a feeling of the need of
as well indicated as we need expect in some of preparation; of preparation for what we are
his later writings—let us say, in the first and nowhere informed, and it would be almost a
last chapters of “ Plato and Platonism.” In mean curiosity for us to inquire. If Mr. Pater
this last volume there are slight hints in the had written an autobiography, we might doubt-
essay on Pascal.
less know. As he has reserved his opinions on
Such as it may have been — this conception the matter, we may well enough be content with
of a way of life, of Mr. Pater's later thought, the assurance of our own.
we are always feeling ourselves near it when In reading a book like this, published after
we turn to the group of distinguished and im- the death of an author one values, one is
aginative characters which form so attractive tempted to think more of the man himself than
a part of his later work. These young men, of these particular pieces of his work. And
Marius, Hippolytus, Duke Carl, Emerald Uth- so I have been led to neglect the two reminis-
wart, and the others, have not a few points in cences of Mr. Pater's earlier work—the papers
common which readers of Mr. Pater will easily on Raphael and Art in Northern Italy; as well
think of ; but perhaps especially this, that each as the beginning of a new vein—the studies of
one was something of a stranger to the world the Cathedral of Amiens and the monastic
he lived in, separated from it invisibly, though church of Vézelay. There is also the lecture
effectively, by the veil-like cloud of his own on Mérimée, besides the others I have noted,
eager or intense feeling and thinking. Each all making up a collection, miscellaneous cer-
one was influenced by surroundings, but the tainly, as in the painfully prosaic name (which
vital principle was always within. Of some of we may hope is due to Mr. Shadwell), but as
the " Imaginary Portraits” can this be said certainly representative. It is hardly to be
less properly than of others,— quite properly, thought that the book will much enhance the
however, of Emerald Uthwart, whose story now reputation of its author, but it will make evi-
appears for the first time in book form. It has dent once again that nothing of Mr. Pater's
almost as much charm of circumstance as Denys fell much under his best. It needs no com-
l'Auxerrois. The curiously unreal story is told ment nor praise; it is ripe and beautiful work,
with such a certainty of human touch that one and with « Greek Studies" offers a fitting ex-
lingers in the exquisite surroundings, to the neg. ample of the range and quality of one who has
lect at first of the character itself. And yet just for some time been recognized as among the
now it is of the boy Emerald himself that one most distinguished and characteristic men of
would think -- the ideal of the pure, beautiful letters of our day. EDWARD E. HALE, JR.


282
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
66
a
66
>
industrial, scientific, and political facts and
A NEW HISTORY OF EDUCATION.*
ideas. They all sustain to one another the re-
No man who uses the English language as lation of mutual cause and effect. Hence no
a medium of thought has done more to give intelligent student of the history of education
education a definite status as a science and an will take up the education of any age or coun-
art, and particularly as a university study, than try as a separate or distinct subject. He will
Professor Laurie of Edinburgh. To justify this search out its antecedents — will inquire into
opinion, it is sufficient on his side to mention what soil of culture it strikes its roots.
his “Institutes of Education," “Occasional
6
And this last is what Professor Laurie does.
Addresses on Educational Subjects," “ Life of He begins with telling us that “the history of
Comenius,” “Training of the Teacher,” “Rise
" education is involved in the general history of
and Early Constitution of Universities," “ Pri.
” « Pri- the world. No adequate survey of it is possi-
mary Instruction,” “ Teacher's Guild Ad- ble which does not presume a considerable ac-
dresses,” “ Language and Linguistic Method," quaintance with the history of the leading races
and the present “ Historical Survey of Pre- which have occupied and subdued the earth,
Christian Education," which is much the most and formed themselves into civilized societies."
valuable, as it is much the largest and most This is raising the history of education at once
pretentious, work of all. We do not, in fact, to the rank and dignity of philosophy; it is
recall a single writer of this class who can point spreading it over a large part of the territory
to a series of equally valuable pedagogical writ- to which the phrase “ History of Civilization
ings. His inaugural address on the Training is ordinarily applied. But, lest his theme es-
of Teachers" still remains the best vindication cape him, owing to its very vastness, he limits
of the Chair of Education.
its field, as follows:
Before the philosophical student of educa- “For by education, even in the narrow sense in which
tion has finished the Introduction (pp. 8) of
the word must be employed here, I understand the
means which a nation, with more or less consciousness,
“ Pre-Christian Education,” he discovers that
takes for bringing up its citizens to maintain the tradi-
its author has seized the right point of view.
tion of national character, and for promoting the wel-
Education is not a fact to be studied by itself. fare of the whole as an organized ethical community.
It does not stand apart, separate, unrelated,
It is essential, therefore, that we should understand the
and alone. It is an outgrowth of ideas, phil objects which the nation, as such, desired to secure; in
brief, its own more or less conscious ideal of national
osophies, religions, and institutions. It is re-
and civic life, of personal character, and political jus-
lated to race and national character, and to the tice. If we can ascertain this by the study of its highest
spirit of the time. It is an integral part of products in men, deeds, and arts, we have made a great
the surrounding civilization. The education step towards interpreting the course of training through
that is furnished in the schools of any country by means of its laws and institutions.
which it would naturally endeavor to subject its youth
at any time may profoundly affect the culture,
the sentiments, the institutions, the learning, Laurie divides his subject into four grand
Starting from this base - line, Professor
the mental and moral character, of ensuing gen-
erations ; but is itself shaped and inspired by
divisions : The Hamitic race, confined wholly
the existing factors that fall into these several
to Egypt (pp. 37); the Semitic races, Arabs,
categories. Hence, such education may be con-
Babylonians, Assyrians, Phænicians, and He-
ceived under two aspects : As a result or pro-
brews (pp. 50); the Uro-Altaic or Turanian
duct of the past or existing culture, and as a
races, limited to China (pp. 52); the Aryan
factor or cause of the coming culture. Human
or Indo-European races, embracing India and
history is continuous, human society homogen- the Hindus, the Medo-Persians, the Hellenic
eous; and no characteristic social fact — relig-
peoples, and the Romans (pp. 271). Again in
ion, government, or education can be under-
the last division 230 pages are assigned to the
Greeks and Romans alone; and when we re-
stood if torn away from its connections. It
must be studied in situ. Such fact is part and
flect oñ the fuller educational development of
parcel of the whole life of the people. Edu-
these people, the far richer literary memorials
cational facts and ideas, therefore, must be they left behind them, and the transcendent
taken along with philosophical, social, religious,
influence they have exerted upon subsequent
history, we cannot say this assignment is dis-
* HISTORICAL SURVEY OF PRE-CHRISTIAN EDUCATION. By proportionate. So far from slighting the peo-
S. S. Laurie, A.M., LL.D., Professor of the Institutes and
History of Education in the University of Edinburgh, etc. ples of Egypt and Asia, Professor Laurie has
New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
rather sought to do them fullest justice; and,
-


1895.]
283
THE DIAL
a
>
have sprung.
a
in a sense, the most interesting and valuable
THE STORY OF SIR SAMUEL BAKER.*
parts of his books are the parts in which he
has described their education. The educations The conditions which developed in Sir Sam-
of Greece and of Rome have been the not un-
uel Baker the restless energy of the explorer
frequent themes of able writers; Israel and are readily recognized. The old Saxon wander-
China also have received considerable atten- love had made many generations of the Bakers
tion; but the educations of Egypt, India, the sea-rovers like Hawkins and Frobisher, owning
Arabs, Babylonians, Assyrians, and Phæni- and fighting their ships : his father had, as a
cians have been obscure topics, and informa- privateersman, won a gallant victory against
tion could only be picked up, at least by En. the French in his own sloop, the Cæsar.”
“
glish readers, here and there. Professor Laurie He came to his majority with a fair education,
has made diligent search for material in pre-
a liberal inheritance which relieved him from
paring these sections of his work, and if he has any claims of business, and an engrossing spirit
found little, the reason is that there is little to
of adventure.
find. Such as exists he has brought together After an early and a happy marriage, he went
and presented in a clear and interesting man-
first to the Mauritius to look after some pater-
ner, not failing to connect the outward facts nal estates, and, following a brief sojourn there,
with some of the inner ideas from which they to Ceylon for the sport of shooting the big
The accounts of the Hebrew game then abundant on that island. Here he
and Chinese educations also are well done. We became so fascinated with the beauty of the
could, indeed, criticise the handling of all the scenery, and so impressed with the alluring
Oriental educations in one important feature. opportunities offered to the settler, that he
The writer has not sought, as he might have founded a sort of feudal colony, at a place called
done, for the grand underlying Oriental ideas, Newera Eliya, rather more than a hundred
as repose, conservatism, love of decoration, miles from Colombo. The enterprise was suc-
ceremony, and propension to “wisdom,” which cessful, but after a term of years inroads upon
1
have given to these educations a certain unmis- his health compelled Baker to return to En-
takable cast, making them non-scientific, but lit- gland. An account of this enterprise, under
erary, religious, and rich in prudential teaching the title “ Eight Years' Wanderings in Ceylon,”
For the field that it covers, the work is far was published in 1855.
more satisfactory in treatment than any other In 1861 Baker was inspired with the pur-
with which we are acquainted ; and we are glad pose of exploring the sources of the Nile. The
to recommend it strongly, not merely to teachers geography of Equatorial Africa had already
and students of education, but to scholars and been attacked from several quarters. The prob-
cultivated men generally. We have noticed lem of the Niger had been solved. The tradi-
no indication of a purpose on the part of the tions concerning a vast interior lake had been
author to carry his work farther. The contact of more than verified, as two great lakes had been
Christianity and the Græco-Roman education, determined. Speke and Grant were already
involving the obscurantist tendencies of the prosecuting the journey which would demon-
Church, the appearance of the first Christian strate the Victoria Nyanza to be the reservoir
schools, and the final establishment of an equi- of the White Nile ; while Livingstone was at
librium between the new religion and mental work upon the territory farther south and east.
cultivation, is a great theme that still awaits The Blue Nile was known ; that the White Nile
competent writer to handle it. Before he sends was the outlet of the Victoria Nyanza was an
out a second edition of the present work, Dr. accepted theory rather than a demonstrated
Laurie will no doubt reconstruct this sentence : fact, the objective of expeditions already afield.
“In the Egyptians this race of mankind [the The sources of the western tributaries of the
Hamitic] found the highest expression of its great river had not yet been determined, and
capacity for civilized life, as did the Hebrews to these points Baker addressed himself.
among the Semites, the Chinese among the His first essay was an exploration of terri- .
Uro-Altaic (Turanian), and the Greeks among tory already fairly known, where he carefully
the Aryans.
B. A. HINSDALE. mapped the Nile tributaries of Abyssinia, and
served his apprenticeship for severer labors.
In the last month of 1862 he left Khartum for
The clearest statement that we have yet seen of the
Canadian copyright muddle is that by Professor Gold- * SIR SAMUEL WHITE BAKER: A Memoir. By T. Douglas
win Smith, in “ The Canadian Magazine."
Murray and A. Silva White. New York: Macmillan & Co.
The His first essay


284
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
an exploration of the upper Nile. After two The land was a land of paradox, and the labor
months he met Speke and Grant, who were was the task of Sisyphus.
tracing northward the outlet of the Nyanza, With such means as he could get, Baker
and so much of the determination was com- moved to the scene of operations. He occupied
pleted. Pushing his own expedition still far-Gondokoro, the farthest important point toward
ther to the southward, he broke into new terri- the south, and made it his capital and base of
tory which he traversed under great difficulties, operations, with the new name Ismailia. He
until after the toil of a year he was rewarded made friends with some of the chiefs in the
by the discovery of the Albert Nyanza, then country beyond; others he coerced into a pre-
believed to be second of the great Nile reser- tense of friendship. Then he fought his way
voirs. The subsequent discovery by Stanley southward, and after a continuous and harrass-
of the Albert Edward Nyanza, a smaller body ing campaign he placed under subjection the
of water at a greater elevation, whose waters whole territory assigned as the theatre of his
flow through the Albert lake, has recognized operations. By then the period named in his
in the more elevated lake the second source of commission had expired, and he returned to
the Nile. With the finding of the Albert Ny- Cairo, where he transferred his command to
anza, Baker's labors as a discoverer were sub- one whom he himself had named as his suc-
stantially closed.
cessor, that remarkable figure in modern En-
The second great enterprise undertaken by glish history, Colonel Gordon, of Chinese and
Sir Samuel Baker was at the instance of Ismail afterward of Egyptian fame.
Pasha, the Khedive of Egypt, and with the au- In the four years of Baker's administration
thority of the Egyptian government; it was the of the Equatorial provinces he had accom-
herculean task of suppressing the slave-trade plished scarcely more than to lay the founda-
within the jurisdiction of Egypt.
tions of Egyptian authority, with the subjec-
The year 1869 saw the inauguration of the tion of the native tribes. Commerce, except
Suez Canal, and the high tide of apparent the united movement of ivory and slaves, could
Egyptian prosperity. The eyes of the world follow only a more advanced civilization. The
were upon the rejuvenated kingdom of the slave-trade was a disease of the social system,
Pharaohs. The Khedive, dazzled by the achieve- as fixed and as fatal as the leprosy which has
ment, aspired to be an independent ruler, to once fastened its fangs upon the human frame.
obtain command of all the territory tributary to None of these objects assigned to his enterprise
the Nile, and to acquire a place in the charmed could be established in the brief period of four
circle of European rulers. He leaned upon the years, even under favorable auspices. Could
strong arm of England ; and to secure the sym- his strong hand and vigorous intellect have
pathy of that mighty power, he proposed to ruled during a period of longer duration, the
destroy the trade in slaves in all his realm. As result would have been more nearly commen-
a step toward the accomplishment of these pur- surate with the effort.
poses, in May, 1869, he issued a firman in which Baker's commission expired in 1873; Gor-
he proposed to subdue the countries about the don's followed in 1874, and lasted until 1879.
great Equatorial lakes, to suppress the slave. During that period, great changes occurred in
trade, and to introduce a system of commerce Egypt. The golden era of Ismail passed, and
and the navigation of the lakes. The enter-Tewfik followed his deposed father. War pitted
prise was entrusted to Sir Samuel Baker for the Russian against the Turk. England came
four years; he was made a Pasha, given the to the succor of the “ sick man,” taking Cyprus
rank of Major-General, and was clothed with for a doctor's fee, and postponing all dreams
supreme and absolute power, including that of of Egyptian independence. To secure the
death, over all connected with his expedition. debts incurred by Ismail's extravagance, Egypt
Like every other scheme for real progress, passed under the dual control of the English
proposed by Egyptian or Turk, the only val- and French ; Arabi revolted; the bombard-
idity of these propositions lay in their paper ment of Alexandria was followed by the cam-
announcements. Men and materials were want paign in the desert, and the victory at Tel-el-
ing either in quantity or quality suited to the Kebir. The fanaticism of the Moslem and
enterprise. The real question was how not to the Bedouin was aroused, and an insurrection
do it. The slave-trade was to be suppressed, under the leadership of a self-styled prophet,
but the slave-trader, and his powerful and sub- the Mahdi, spread like a pestilence until it had
sidized friends at court, were not to be hurt. involved the whole of Soudan and of the Equa-


1895.]
285
THE DIAL
torial provinces which Baker and Gordon had is reached that one is reminded of his books on
so laboriously subjugated.
the brighter fortunes of the Huguenot move-
In 1884 Gordon was sent back to Khartum ment in the sixteenth century.
as one whose person and prestige could repeat Professor Baird would have made these ca-
in the Soudan what they had effected in China. lamitous chapters of French history more intel-
Neglected by Egypt and abandoned by Engligible had he looked at them in a more philo-
land, in 1885 he sealed with his life a devo- sophic spirit and less as the special advocate of
tion which was ill compensated by the bronze the Huguenot party. Even the bigotry which
effigy quickly placed in St. Paul's to typify a in our eyes cursed the later administration of
nation's contrition.
the Great King was not as mean as an unsym-
During these stirring times, Sir Samuel pathetic chronicle would make it appear. Its
Baker was rather a looker-on than an active principal consequence was the persecution of
participant. His comments upon the affairs the Huguenots, and this was neither wholly
of Egypt and the East, based upon the full Louis's work nor the work of his clergy. Sainte-
familiarity of long experience, were more fre- Beuve told at least a part of the truth when,
quently words of criticism than of approval. long ago, he declared that the King was insen-
He passed away in January of 1894.
sibly urged on to this terrible blunder by a
He was a stalwart, self-contained English- complicity almost universal. It is idle to deny
man; a mighty hunter; a clear writer; an in- this when we know that an overwhelming ma-
telligent organizer, and an efficient executive, jority of the French people believed that the Cal-
a noble specimen of a worthy race.
vinistic heresy not merely imperilled the eter-
SELIM H. PEABODY.
nal salvation of those who cherished it, but also
endangered by its contagion every community
in France. Had the religious leaders of France
acquiesced in the schism legalized by the Edict
THE CONCLUSION OF BAIRD'S HISTORY of Nantes, their conduct would have seemed to
OF THE HUGUENOTS.*
us incredible, or at least very puzzling. The
In his two volumes on " The Huguenots and
seventeenth century produced few such un-
the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes,” Pro- timely prophets of forbearance. In the Pala-
fessor Baird has drawn up a severe indictment tinate, a near neighbor of France, twice within
of France for her dealings with the Hugue-sixty years the inhabitants had been forced to
nots during the seventeenth and eighteenth embrace the doctrines of Luther, and twice to
centuries. There is no sin of the Gallican give them up for those of Calvin, in obedience
church or of the Bourbon monarchy which is
to that holy principle of the Religious Peace of
not adequately stated and the degree of its Augsburg, cujus regio, ejus religio. England
enormity marked by an appropriate adjective.
was driving the “ Papists" to despair and Gun-
The conclusion is inevitable that the French powder plots by her Recusancy laws, the most
clergy were largely engaged in the despicable genial of which
provided that Catholics
who re-
business of hounding Louis XIV. on to the
fused to go to church should pay a fine of £20
destruction of thousands of his most loyal and
a month. Necessitous Protestant gentlemen
industrious subjects, and that by yielding to their
of a sensitive piety found some temporal advan-
solicitations he proved himself to be an igno- tage in this particular statute,- as, for exam-
ble, if not a stupid, tyrant. This has long been ple, Lord Hay, who received from the govern-
the Protestant, and, with certain modifications,
ment a grant of all he could get over £240
the general view of the matter. Professor Baird
from one of the Recusants. In comparison
has, however, elaborated it in greater detail
with her neighbors, France was until past the
and with more ample scholarship. The story
middle of the century a land of “sweetness and
which he tells is at times sombre, and even a
light.” What the King and his ecclesiastical
little dreary, as all recitals of hapless struggle councillors did after 1656 is not surprising,
against injustice, oppression, and hypocrisy although it may fill the modern man with an-
must be. It is not until the period of the
ger and disgust. But if he be a historian he
Camisard War and the Church of the Desert
sacrifices the true interests of his readers when
he leaves the bench and assumes the role of
* The HUGUENOTS AND THE REVOCATION OF THE EDICT prosecuting attorney to plead against one cul-
OF NANTES. By Henry M. Baird, Professor in the Univer-
sity of the City of New York. Two volumes. New York: prit after another, not forgetting
men like Bos-
Charles Scribner's Song.
suet and Fénelon.


286
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
DIAL
The Edict of Nantes had been a glorious which “perpetual” edict lasted eight years.
achievement in spite of the fact that it did not for two decades before 1685, when the Revo-
embody a policy of toleration of the modern cation came, the spirit of the great edict had
sort, but was rather the recognition of privi- been disobeyed, its letter misinterpreted, and
leges, half religious and half political, won in its object thwarted by the wholesale destruc-
battle. It was not a stable
peace,
and conse-
tion of churches, by the “conversion fund,"
quently, although it was ostensibly “irrevoca- the suppression of Huguenot representation on
ble” and needed no confirming, Louis XIII. the bench, and by the infamous Dragonnades.
and Louis XIV. repeatedly confirmed it. One Indeed, Louis XIV. seems to have thought
of these confirmations, which occurred in 1629 that the formal Revocation was simply the fit-
and has been called the Edict of Grace, came ting conclusion to a noble work of Christian
nearer to a true toleration than did the Edict reunion, already practically complete.
of Nantes itself, for it was granted after the Professor Baird has one or two interesting
political defeat of the Huguenots and the fall of passages describing the exemplary morals of
La Rochelle, the last of their great strongholds the murderous Camisards. “No quarrels, en-
when, therefore, no serious threat of insur- mity, calumny, or thieving was heard among
rection held the government to its pledges. us,” says one of their leaders, Cavalier. “All
From this time to 1656, and perhaps a few swearing, cursing, and obscene words were
years later, the Huguenots throve, protected quite banished out of our society. Happy time!
by the wise statesmanship of Richelieu and had it lasted forever.”
had it lasted forever.” But it is not strange,
Mazarin. Their constant troubles before 1629 perhaps, considering the horrible cruelties that
were quite as much due to the abnormal posi- were practiced upon them, that their experi-
tion like a state within a state which the ence made the naïve combination of these minor
original Edict had given them, as to any hos- virtues with the most pitiless butcheries.
tile intentions on the part of the Regent or It would have been not out of place had
Louis XIII. The possession of one hundred Professor Baird given us a fuller description
and fifty fortified places was, indeed, less a of the fortunes of the Church of the Desert
guarantee of the good faith of the government and its pastors during the storms of the Revo-
than an evidence of its weakness, the result lution. In what he writes, however, about the
of the disastrous civil wars, when feudalism Triumph of Atheism, he falls into the error of
sought to rebuild its fortresses and when the saying that the Convention ordered the sup-
mediæval spirit of local independence threat pression of all religious worship. The day be-
ened the disintegration of France. But the fore Gobel's abdication, the Convention had,
royal power was to triumph, and with its it is true, voted that communes could suppress
triumph the exceptional position of the Hugue their parishes if they desired, subject to the
nots shared the fate of the new feudalism. If approval of the departments in which they were
we forget the political aspect of the affair, it situated. Nine days later it added the pro-
is hard to understand why the Huguenot lead- vision that the suppressed churches or their
ers enlisted Catholic soldiers, who were cer- income be used for hospitals or for public in-
tainly strange partners in the defense of lib- struction. It never went so far as to sepa-
erty of conscience for heretics ; or why that rate church from state, or to render worship
“ unfortunate convocation,” to use Professor illegal.
Baird's phrase, the Assembly of La Rochelle Even if Professor Baird's attitude toward
in 1621, carried its factiousness so far as to the French clergy in urging the Revocation be
give its adherents an organization which might open to just criticism, the careful scholarship
easily have passed for that of a new Protest- and ripe learning, of which all his pages give
ant state modelled after the Dutch Republic. evidence, make these volumes a fitting conclu-
Up to 1629 the situation is so complex, there sion to the great work on Huguenot history to
fore, that the issue is not clearly between op- which he has devoted the thirty best years of
pressor and oppressed, and the story must be his life.
HENRY E. BOURNE.
read with divided sympathies.
It was a great misfortune that the Edict of
Nantes proved to be only a little more irrevo-
MR. WILLIAM BEER, of New Orleans, is searching in
Europe for the lost Vattemore library of Americana.
cable than the “perpetual and irrevocable”
Vattemore lived in the United States from about 1810
edict of Queen Jeanne d'Albret in 1563,
to 1840, and is thought to have collected some ten
granting toleration in Béarn to Catholics, thousand volumes of American history.


1895.)
287
THE DIAL
how shallow are the pretensions he sets forth.
THE CHAUTAUQUA BOOKS.*
A typical illustration of Professor Scripture's
The reading required of Chautauquans for attitude is provided by the following note :
the coming year consists of five books, two of
“There are so-called qualitative sciences' that
them, at least, being departures from the con- have no methods of measurement or statistics.
ventional lines upon which the preceding series These are the demireps of the scientific world
of manuals have been planned. Experimental with whom we must put up because we have n't
psychology and anthropology are, to say the more respectable members of society to take
least, novel elements in a scheme of popular their places.” It is easy to dispose of ethical,
instruction, but the growing importance of both economical, political, and social science — to
sciences seems to justify their inclusion. The say nothing of the greater part of psychology
remaining books are devoted to American po- - in this airy way, but it is also cheap, and
litical and industrial history, and to American not exactly creditable to a thinker who wants
letters. As all these books are sure of a wide to be taken seriously.
circulation and a considerable degree of influ- Professor Scripture's book is, for the most
ence, they call for a somewhat closer scrutiny part, a description of experiments, some of which
than their intrinsic importance might warrant. are well-fitted for the kindergarten, while others
Professor E. W. Scripture's work on “ Think- call for such adjuncts as æsthesiometers, olfacto-
ing, Feeling, Doing ” — for thus he entitles his meters, and sphygmographs. It is sprightly in
popular treatise on the psychology of the lab style, and abundantly supplied with illustrative
oratory—is an interesting and unusually read- cuts. An example of the experiments may be
able volume, and the author does not, perhaps, given. “ With the thumb-and-finger-grip the
claim too much for it when he calls it “the greatest pressure I can exert during silence is
first book on the new, or experimental, psy- eight pounds. When someone plays the giants' ’
chology written in the English language." To motive from the Rheingold my grip shows eight
the reader who knows something of psychology, and three-fourths pounds. The slumber motive
but who has failed
to keep up with the modern from the Walküre reduces the power to seven
developments of the science in its narrow lab and one-half pounds.” This description is illus-
oratory aspect, the book cannot fail to prove trated by cuts of the two motives in musical
helpful and instructive. To the beginner, on notation. What we would say of this experi-
the other hand, who is without the psycholog- ment, and of all experiments of its general
ical standards necessary for comparison and class, is simply that the quantitative fact -
evaluation, it is sure to prove misleading and which to the author is the fact of most import-
mischievous in effect. Its main contention is ance - is in reality of trifling value, and that
the foolish one that psychology is essentially a the only fact of real significance is the qualita-
science of quantitative experiment, and that tive one of increased or decreased stimulation
its modern laboratory wing is the only part of with the change in tempo and tone-color. We
the structure deserving of serious considera- do not wish to minify the value of exact meas-
tion. In many insidious ways is this impres- urements in any department of investigation,
sion made and deepened, while the writer but we do claim that in a case like this the
misses no opportunity to allude in terms of dis- general statement — made long before psycho-
paragement to the psychology of introspection. logical laboratories were invented — is of far
To anyone who knows what the science of psy- greater importance to the science of psychology.
chology is, and how little of real value has thus Professor Scripture, on the other hand, seems
far been contributed to its development by lab to regard the determination of his own thumb-
oratory methods, who knows how tentative and and-finger-grip, or, at any rate, of an average
imperfectly formulated those methods are, the from a number of cases, as more important
attitude of the present writer will be merely than the general law of stimulation, qualita-
amusing ; but most of his readers, unfortu- tively stated.
nately, will be found among a class of people In his closing chapter, on “ The New Psy-
little disposed to be critical, and unable to see chology,” the author takes a final whack at the
* THINKING, FEELING, DOING. By E. W. Scripture.-
“ vague observation, endless speculation, and
Some First Steps in Human Progress. By Frederick Starr.-
flimsy guesswork” of such duffers as Locke
The Industrial Evolution of the United States. By Carroll and Hamilton. He tells us how the new order
D. Wright. - The Growth of the American Nation. By
Harry Pratt Judson. — Initial Studies in American Letters.
of things was started in Germany by Herbart,
By Henry A. Beers. Meadville, Pa.: Flood & Vincent. continued by Fechner, Weber, and Helmholtz,


288
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
rower.
and made triumphant by Herr Wundt, “ the against such an hypothesis. Perhaps the most
greatest of psychologists." He tells us how important criticism of the work to be made
psychology has at last been rescued from “ the is that it does not, except by implication, em-
lingering clutch of philosophy,” which has phasize the great principle of uniformity of
“contributed nothing but stumbling-blocks” development in the different branches of the
in aid of the new emancipated science. All of human family, the most salient general prin-
this is so entertaining that we owe its author a ciple that has emerged from recent anthropo-
final word of thanks. In a more serious sense, logical study. Of this principle, Professor
we may be thankful to him for the pronounce- Brinton, in his September address before the
ment that “hypnotic exhibitions," " thought- American Association at Springfield, spoke in
transference follies,” and “the so-called psy. emphatic terms, characterizing it as
a dis-
chical research experiments” are“ as unrelated covery little less than marvellous, the most
to scientific experiments, as clairvoyant healing pregnant of all that anthropology bas yet of-
or faith-cure to the science of medicine.” His fered, not yet appreciated even by the learned.
suggestions for an improved musical notation The discovery is that of the psychical unity of
are also of value, and deserve to be taken into man, the parallelism of his development every-
practical consideration. A curious error (page where and in all time; nay, more, the nigh ab-
72) gives a certain angle as 325° instead of solute uniformity of his thoughts and actions,
315°, and is repeated no less than five times. his aims and methods, when in the same de
A quotation of several pages from Herr Wundt gree of development, no matter where he is, or
is, we believe, taken from a recent English in what epoch living.” So important a matter
translation, but no credit is given, which is a a
as this should occupy a conspicuous place in
transaction not entirely creditable to the bor- even the most elementary of works upon cul-
ture-history. But these few criticisms are not
The anthropological volume in this Chau- intended to produce the impression that Pro-
tauqua series is by Professor Frederick Starr, fessor Starr has made an unsatisfactory book.
and is modestly entitled " Some First Steps in On the contrary, it is a strikingly satisfactory
Human Progress.” Strictly speaking, it is a
Strictly speaking, it is a effort, considering its limitations, and is not
resumé of culture-history rather than of the only instructive but made entertaining by many
larger science of anthropology, and, considered bits of anecdote and folk-lore, to say nothing
in relation to its restricted scope, is an admir- of such felicitous phrases as that which speaks
able piece of work. Indeed, we know of no of “the wild and unhappy disposition of the
other book which brings together, in a way cat.” The beginner in anthropology could not
both popular and accurate, the leading facts of easily have a better introduction to that deeply
culture-history, about which recent investiga- interesting science.
tion has disclosed so much, and recent theory The third of the Chautauqua books is a his-
done so much to coördinate. Among the many tory of The Industrial Evolution of the United
subjects pleasantly discussed in this element- States,” by Mr. Carroll D. Wright, probably
ary treatise are fire-making, pottery, hunting, the most competent of all authorities on the sub-
the domestication of animals and the cultiva- ject. It is an admirable book, packed with fig-
tion of plants, the life of the stone age, metal. ures and graphic presentments, yet highly read.
working, weapons, gesture and speech, the be able. It considers the colonial period of our
ginnings of writing, marriage, and primitive industries at much length, then discusses the
religious observances. We have noted a few industrial evolution of our first century of na-
points that seem to call for criticism. To char- tional existence, then presents a history of the
acterize the Japanese as “highly immoral and labor movement, with special chapters on “La-
immodest” is a very daring thing to do, and bor Legislation ” and “Historic Strikes,” and
we do not believe that the facts, broadly viewed, finally reviews the influence of machinery on
will bear out the opinion. The beginning of labor. The scientific aspects of the subject are
agriculture, which offers one of the great prob- set forth with fulness of knowledge, while the
lems of culture-history, is so discussed as to controversial aspects are discussed with sobri.
convey the idea that no problem worth speak. ety and fairness to all sides. It would be dif-
ing of exists. The common origin of peach ficult to make a better book of its size upon
and almond (considered as produced by buman this vastly important subject, or one more likely
agency from a single stock) is at least ques- to conduce to clear thinking upon the indus-
tionable, the weight of evidence being rather | trial problems of the day.


1895.]
289
THE DIAL
Professor Harry Pratt Judson, in attempt
INDIAN RELIGIONS.*
ing to sketch “The Growth of the American
Nation” for this series of manuals, has had a
Controversialist, popularizer, and scientific spe-
task at once easy and difficult : easy, in that
cialist find the field of Indian religions attractive
the task has called for no special investiga-
and productive enough to invite their activity and
to warrant their putting forth books intended for
tions, but merely for the marshalling of the
the wider circle of intelligent readers. Mr. Maurice
undisputed elementary facts of our political his-Phillips, author of " The Teaching of the Vedas,”
tory ; difficult, in that so many other sketches
is a missionary of the London Mission, Madras, and
of the sort have been written that it must have
his book presents and defends a thesis. He pro-
seemed almost hopeless to justify the existence pounds two questions : “(1) What is the funda-
of a new one. It is, however, justified, and
mental teaching of the Vedas? and (2) What light
amply, we should say, by the judicious selec- does that teaching throw on the origin and develop-
tion and arrangement of the materials, and by theory of a primitive Divine Revelation alone is
ment of religion?” And the answer is : “ The
the breezy and attractive manner of the nar-
rative. Breeziness, of course, sometimes leads
capable of explaining all the religious ideas of the
to off-hand judgments that a close analysis tive Divine Revelation."
Vedas.” Therefore Religion originated in a “Primi-
The book shows the de-
would not support, and to turns of expression fects of its motive. There may be an honest search
that a careful stylist would reject. These are for truth, but the spectacles of the “P. D. R."
the defects of the book's quality, which do not, aforesaid color all the endeavor. Vedic religion is
however, much impair its usefulness for the interpreted, not in its own light, but in that of or-
class of readers to which it is addressed. The thodox Christian theology. Professor Hopkins, in
strength of the book is in its dealing with his bibliography, calls it “the work of a charlatan."
the period lying between our two great wars,
This is hardly just. But Mr. Phillips is certainly
the preceding and subsequent periods being judgments. The book will enlighten nobody.
an ignoramus in his facts and a partisan in his
accorded a relatively cursory treatment.
The last of this set of books, and the least
“The Story of Vedic India " is from the hand
valuable, is by Professor Henry A. Beers, is
of a skilful popularizer of somewhat recondite sub-
jects. Mme. Ragozin's books on Chaldea, Assyria,
called “Initial Studies in American Letters,"
and Media, in this same series, are useful compends
and is the revised edition of "An Outline
of modern scholarship in the field of Oriental his-
Sketch of American Literature,” first pub- tory. India, as it is revealed in the Vedas, affords
lished in 1887, and reissued under the present another excellent subject for her easy and graceful
title in 1891. The author's judgment and pen. The knowledge is reasonably exact and the
sense of perspective may be illustrated by his picture fairly accurate. The writer claims nothing
coupling of “The Atlantic” with “ Lippin-
more than a wide and careful reading of good
cott's" as “no unworthy competitors” with
authorities. The average of errors committed by
the popular picture-monthlies for public favor,
second-hand learning is always large, but the scholar
at first-hand is not faultless. The book will serve
or by his giving to Mr. James Whitcomb
the larger public by its vivid style, and by a kind
Riley six times the amount of space given to
of spirit and enthusiasm in the presentation which
Sidney Lanier. The former bard, we are told,
carry the reader along.
“ has recently attained the rank of a really The difficulties inherent in the subject are well
national poet.” In trying to illustrate Ameri- illustrated in the admirable volume of Professor
can literature by a fifty-page appendix of ex- Hopkins on “ The Religions of India.” It is the
tracts, Professor Beers attempts what is sim- first of a series of “ Handbooks on the History of
ply impossible.
Religions,” edited by Professor Morris Jastrow.
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. The entire religious development of India is traced
in these six hundred large and closely printed pages,
by a scholar amply fitted for his task by philolog-
Mrs. JAMESON's books upon art are well-established
ical training and knowledge of original authorities.
favorites, and are books of far too useful a sort to fall
But mark how this ample knowledge reveals the
out of date because of the better critical knowledge of uncertainties that hang about Indology. Are the
the present time. Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
* THE TEACHING OF THE VEDAS. What light does it
have been well advised in bringing out a new edition of
throw on the Origin and Development of Religion ? By
these helpful books, and in baving the text thoroughly
Maurice Phillips. London: Longmans, Green, & Co.
revised by a competent hand. This work of revision
THE STORY OF VEDIC INDIA, as embodied principally in
has been performed by Miss Estelle M. Hurll, who has the Rig Veda. By Zenaïde A. Ragozin. New York: G. P.
taken into account all the best recent sources of infor- Putnam's Sons.
mation upon the subjects with which the books are con- THE RELIGIONS OF INDIA. By Edward Washburn Hop-
cerned. There are to be five volumes of this reissue. kins, Ph.D. (Leipsic). Boston: Ginn & Co.


290
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
Vedic Gods nature deities or deified ancestors ? Is which is made by this study, of the origin and growth
the Rig Veda poetry of a primitive age, or is it sat-
of theistic ideas in one land; in the light these cast by
urated with sacerdotalism? Shall we interpret it analogy on the origin of such ideas elsewhere; in the
according to the traditions of native commentators,
prodigious significance of the religious factor in the de-
in the light of Iranian and other kindred beliefs, or
velopment of a race, as exhibited in this instance; in
by itself, on the basis of modern scientific philol- through successive ages in the loftiest aspirations of a
the inspiring review of that development as it is seen
ogy? Such are the questions involving fundamen-
great people; and finally in the lesson taught by the
tal points in but one age of Indian religion; and intellectual and religious fate of them among that peo-
they are samples of what meets the student at every ple that have substituted, like the Brahman ritualist,
stage of this religious development.
form for spirit; like the Vedantist, ideas for ideals;
India has no historical sense. Chronology is un-
like the sectary, emotion for morality. But greatest,
known. Literature is anonymous.
The only pro-
if woeful, is the lesson taught by that phase of Bud-
gress is in thought, if indeed progress can be traced
dhism which has developed into Lamaism and its kin-
dred cults. For here one learns how few are they that
even there. The student of religion in India must
can endure to be wise, how inaccessible to the masses
be philologian, philosopher, theologian, dreamer, lit-
is the height on which sits the sage, how unpalatable to
erary critic, man of insight and of common sense,
the vulgar is a religion without credulity.”
if he would solve the puzzle of myth, ritual, poetry,
G. S. GOODSPEED.
symbolism, and speculation there presented. In
view of this, it is hardly necessary to add that the
ideal historian of India's religions will be a long
time in coming
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
Meanwhile we have Professor Hopkins, and are
grateful. For he has scholarship and common sense
The best way to learn who were Pro-
Handbooks of
metheus and Hercules and Wotan
at any rate, and he has used these admirable quals poolical allusion.
ities admirably. His book will be a classic. It will
and Siegfried, and other persons
mould and stimulate study in this field. The pre-
whom poets and painters are apt to deal with, is
face modestly disclaims any purpose of instructing always to have known; but there are a good many
the professional indologist, but the best-trained people who have not had this privilege. For such
scholars will find the book helpful. In general, it
are provided an ever-increasing number of books,
will bring to them the observations of a critical and beginning with the works of the excellent Bullfinch,
full mind upon the present condition of studies in
and ending up, at present, with Guerber's “Myths
of Northern Lands
Indian religion. In particular, its contributions to
(American Book Co.) and
the religious characteristics of the Epics will be en-
Mooney's “ Foundation Studies in Literature” (Sil-
lightening to them. The author has evidently made
ver, Burdett, & Co.). These books are somewhat
a special study of these writings.
different in character as well as in subject matter.
The general reader will, we fear, find Mr. Hop-
The latter is a collection of modern poems contain-
kins a hard task-master. He takes too much for ing allusions to classical mythology or medieval
granted in the way of knowledge on the part of legend, or else on subjects from those sources, with
readers. There is too much allusion to recondite
some explanation of the allusions, legends, and
matters. The course of thought is often very ob- myths. It is a book which will be of use to those
scure. Sentences are inverted ; parentheses are
who have nothing better, but it is to be regretted
inserted with well-nigh unlimited freedom; con-
that it gives no very definite notion of the subject
structions are loose, and expressions as undignified
which it treats. Greek mythology is not a very
as they are forcible not infrequently appear. The simple matter, and our generally learning to know
author claims to improve upon Barth's classic vol-
it through the Latin and in Latin form does not
ume on “ The Religions of India," because, while
make it simpler. A great help in writing about it
the latter tells us all about these religions, our au-
is an acquaintance with the classical authors in the
thor has sought to make the reader know these re-
original. Such an acquaintance Miss Mooney may
ligions themselves by presenting ample illustrative possess : it has not kept her, however, from such
material. True, but the average reader will read
inaccuracies and confusions as giving Nox or Nyx
Barth through with interest as well as profit, while,
as alternative Latin forms (p. 11), writing Selene
we fear, only a sense of duty will carry him to
without mention of the name Artemis (p. 33), writ-
the end of this book. He will be fully repaid for ing in the same legend Japetus (p. 61) and Okeanos
the effort, however, and we only regret that it is
(p. 64), and other such things. Rather quaint than
toward the end of his task that he will come upon
otherwise is the idea of naming a consideration of
the following admirable statement, which should Tennyson's "Dream of Fair Women” “ The Origi-
have been placed at the beginning. It will give
nal Sources of an Historical Poem," and the inser-
good idea of the writer's insight and sanity.
tion of the poem
between some remarks
apon
Ari-
“In what, from a wider point of view, lies the im-
adne and others upon the days of the week. Mr.
portance of the study of Hindu religions ? Not, we
Guerber's book is of a much higher character, both
venture to think, in their face value for the religious or in plan and execution. Having already published
philosophical life of the Occident, but in the revelation, a volume in classic mythology, he has now turned


1895.]
291
THE DIAL
We pre-
to the Teutonic myths, and has produced a very To the practical mind there seems to be little need
good popular handbook. He, too, offers illustra- of seeking for occult and profound causes for the
tions from literature and art where they are to be plain fact that the Jew, wherever he goes or stays,
found, but there are not enough allusions to the becomes and remains in some degree an object of
Norse in English literature to swamp him, so that antipathy to his neighbors. His racial isolation is
the result is very satisfactory; the work seems to primarily bound up with his own fatal tenet that
be much more than a mere compilation.
he is one of a Chosen People, a being apart and
sume that the author would have something to say peculiarly sanctified in the eyes of the Maker of
on the matter, but it appears unfortunate that no all, and hence religiously bound to abstain from
effort is made to clear the confusion which may mingling too intimately with the unclean tide of
well exist in the mind of the reader as to the Ger. Gentile humanity. So long as he clings to this es-
man and Norse forms of the same story, and espe- timate of himself as compared with other nations,
cially of the same name, particularly as the stories it is not strange that his appeals to the world's tol-
in this book are usually from the Norse, while the erance and enlightenment should have a ring of
pictures are apt to illustrate German forms. It unreason in Gentile ears. That everybody ought
would not have been difficult to explain the connec- to harbor and tolerate the Jew, while the Jew ought
tion between the names Odin, Woden, and Wuotan to harbor and tolerate nobody, is a proposition not
(p. 23), to which Wotan might well have been add likely to find either logical or practical acceptance.
ed. The hearer of Wagner's operas or the reader A most discouraging feature of the Jewish Ques-
of the Nibelungenlied might be expected to know tion is the fact that centuries of discord between
that Sigurd is a corresponding form to Siegfried, Jew and Gentile have bred a mutual instinctive dis-
a
but he might be puzzled about Gunnar, Högni, Atli, like, not founded in reason and not to be reasoned
and others. On page 260 the mention of Sigurd away; of secular growth, and not to be effaced by
and Ermenrich within a few lines brings the mat- the effort and generous impulse of a generation.
ter to an inconsistency. The same uncertainty may While we believe that the initiative toward a better
oppress the reader of another book by the same and more rational state of things lies with the Jew
author, " The Legends of the Rhine" (A. S. Barnes himself, it seems clear enough that no final solution
& Co.) where the German names predominate. This of the Jewish Question can be looked for without
book follows the Rhine from the North Sea to the a large decrease in the world's general stock of
Alps, and gathers together a great number of the ignorance and fanaticism. We commend Miss Laz-
legends of the places on the river. It is meant for arus's book as an earnest and liberal discussion of
travellers and for those who desire to secure the ad- the higher moral issues of a subject which she be-
vantages of travel without leaving home, and will lieves to be “confronted with every great question
be convenient for both classes of readers as well as of the day — social, political, financial, humanita-
—
for those who like legend and folk-lore. All three rian, national, and religious.”
books are illustrated, the last profusely with good
reproductions of paintings and photographs.
What Grimm is to Germany, and
Russian fairy
tales in English.
perhaps more, Afanasiev is to Rus-
In “The Spirit of Judaism ” (Dodd,
sia. From his vast collection of folk-
Mead & Co.) Miss Josephine Laza- lore, Ralston drew his “Russian Folk Tales.”
Of Judaism.
rus comprises a series of five thought- From the same great storehouse, Polevoi drew his
ful, eloquently written papers, the general tenor of collection of Mährchen, published at St. Petersburg
which is indicated in their collective title. The in 1874. Two dozen of Polevoi's stories, happily
author treats her theme from a broadly humani- done into English by Mr. R. Nisbet Bain, appear
tarian standpoint, urging upon her Jewish readers in a volume of “Russian Fairy Tales (Way &
the need of giving heed to the promptings of that Williams). There is a directness, a simplicity, a
larger impulse by virtue of which the prophets and quaintness about these tales that is quite delicious.
leaders of Israel, from Abraham to Saint Paul, ris- The themes are few and common to European folk-
ing above the narrow sects of Scribes and Phari- tales generally, but they have a local and ethnic
sees dwelling within the lifeless body of the law, flavor, as told by the Russian, that is attractive. The
broke the bondage of the letter while saving and favorite plot presents the searcher, who for love of
renovating the spirit; and urging upon her Chris- a beautiful lady journeys the wide world through
tian readers the duty of self-consistency, of ap- to accomplish the supposedly impossible ; kindness
proaching the Jewish Question from a Christian to all sorts of apparently worthless vagabonds and
standpoint, and importing into their opinions and beasts gains its reward in needed help at the crisis ;
practice some tincture of the sublime doctrine of the of course success always crowns the effort. Not
Sermon on the Mount. Dwelling thus upon those
only is the same theme found in tale after tale, but
broader and deeper phases of her subject which the same quaint expressions and combinations of
tend to stir the more generous emotions and quicken words. Thus, of the hero, when commanded to
the sense of abstract right and justice, Miss Laza- perform some difficult feat, it is repeatedly affirmed
rus touches but lightly and incidently on its more that “his impetuous head hung lower than his
specific, acute, and, one may say, prosaic aspects. shoulders.” To him, in this sad plight, his dear
A Jewish view


292
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
"
Annotated
classics.
love usually says,
“ Lie down and rest, the morn-
New American
The “ Thistle" edition of the works
ing is better than the evening." At many places edition of
of Robert Louis Stevenson, published
R. L. Stevenson.
in these stories there are pretty hints of ancient
in sixteen volumes by Messrs. Charles
life, custom, or belief,—as where at a critical mo- Scribner's Sons, and sold only by subscription, pro-
ment the hero turns "to all four points of the com- vides collectors with a uniform set of the greater
pass.” Quite surely there is here a bit of ancient portion of Stevenson's writings, very attractive in
religion. One very quaint common conception is execution and moderate in cost. Eleven volumes
the rotating hut. The hero is being directed by a are devoted to the novels, four to the essays and
magic ball : “it rolled a long way, and at last it books of travel, while one is found sufficient for the
came to a miserable hut; the hut was standing on contents of Stevenson's three collections of verse.
hen's legs and turning round and round.” Ad- Each volume has a photogravure or etched frontis-
dressed, it halts, and the visitor entering encounters piece, by such artists as Mr. Low, Mr. Blashfield,
a hag. In the story “ Verlioka” we have one of and Mr. Walter Crane. There are also two por-
the most original and curious of the many European traits of the author. A number of things not here
variants of the “ Bremen Town Musicians.” We tofore printed in the regular editions appear in this
have said enough to show that in this collection a one, among which we may mention “The Misad-
child will find amusement, and the more serious ventures of John Nicholson,” “ The Story of a Lie,”
student a delightful rendering of some good speci- “Father Damien,” “ The Body Snatcher,” and a
mens of the peculiar Russian type of familiar
number of essays.
“ Treasure Island,” which is
Möhrchen.
volume two of the new edition, is accompanied by
the author's account of how the book came to be
Mr. Horace Fletcher's little book en-
A practical
written. The volumes are from new plates made
Mark Tapleyian
titled “Menticulture” (McClurg )
at the De Vinne press, and are neatly bound.
philosopher.
is ostensibly “a Kindergarten pre-
sentation of a theory of menticulture through the
We gave brief mention, in a recent
elimination of the germs of the evil passions.” We English
issue, to the opening volumes of the
may describe it generally as a bacteriological doc-
series of annotated " English Class-
trine of morals, the main thesis being that mental ics " planned by Messrs. Longmans, Green, & Co.
disease, like physical, may be done away with by A new volume in that series, Scott's “ Woodstock,”
the process of discovering and killing the germs. edited by Professor Bliss Perry, deepens the im-
Do not parley with the enemy or temporize with pression made by the earlier number that this series
him, but lay the axe at once to the root, is Mr. is one of unusual excellence in the editing, and will
Fletcher's governing maxim. “Anger and Worry," prove a valuable auxiliary in the reform of English
he holds, are the twin radical germs of all our men- teaching now generally in progress. The following
tal ailments and disquietudes ; whence it follows extract from the publishers' announcement indicates
that if you once eradicate these germs you become, the method of treatment aimed at in these books,
ipso facto, once and for all, a sound and happy man. and we would add that the volumes now published
Divested of metaphor, all this seems to amount to amply bear out the claim advanced. « The works
the easy proposition that if you do n't get angry and prescribed for reading are treated, in every case,
worry, you will save yourself a great amount of as literature, not as texts for narrow linguistic study,
worry and anger attendant evils of course in- and edited with a view to interesting the student
cluded. The proposal is sound enough logically; in the book in question, both in itself and as repre-
but, as a practical measure, it look very like humor- sentative of a literary type or of a period of litera-
ously telling a man to lift himself out of the mire ture, and of leading him on to read other standard
by his boot-straps, or to jump away from his own works of the same age or kind understandingly and
shadow. Mr. Fletcher, however, has, contrary to appreciatively.” In the “Woodstock,” for exam-
the usage of the healing faculty, tried his own rem- ple, we have, in addition to the unabridged text of
edy, and with the happiest results. Since it first the novel, a careful editorial introduction; the au-
occurred to him to degerminate himself, he has thor's introduction, preface, and notes ; a reprint
been, as we gather from his narrative, uniformly of “ The Just Devil of Woodstock ”; and such foot-
the very pink of amiability and soul of the kindlier notes as the student will need as he turns from page
virtues—absolutely bomb-proof, so to speak, against to page. Besides all this apparatus, many of the
the provocations of the “Pullman porter, conduc- chapters have appended a few suggestive hints for
tor, hotel waiter, peddler, book-agent, cabman," and character-study, collateral reading, and discussions
other bacteria infesting the social body. He is, in of the art of fiction. All this matter is so skilfully
fact, a veritable Mark Tapley, who, having acquired distributed that it does not weigh upon the con-
the art of “coming out strong" under even the science, and is not likely to make the student for-
most trying circumstances, is anxious to impart the get that he is, after all, reading a novel chiefly for
secret to a perverse and ill-tempered world. There the pleasure it affords. The entire aim of this vol-
certainly can be little harm in the precepts of two ume and its companions is literary, rather than his-
such cheerful philosophers as Mark Tapley and torical or linguistic, and in this fact their chief
Mr. Fletcher.
value is to be found.
a
66


1895.]
293
THE DIAL
>
German grammar.
9)
99
No one who is acquainted with Pro- learning is held, are both interesting and humiliat-
A manual of
educational thoughts fessor Daniel Putnam, the veteran ing. That a foreign domestic established in an
and methods.
instructor in psychology and peda- American professor's kitchen should ask her mis-
gogy in the Michigan State Normal School, would tress whether the head of the house “had any real
expect him to introduce startling novelties, or what profession," is not surprising; but to find the wife
is called “advanced thinking," into a pedagogical of a member of the academical staff at Cambridge
treatise. One would, rather, expect him to produce observing that “ she could never see what President
a body of wisely selected educational thoughts and Eliot could find to do," is, to put it mildly, depres-
methods, which had been tried in the fires of theo- sing.
retical criticism and practical experience, the whole
Book titles are often misleading, but
well thought out, carefully arranged, well illustrated, A practical such is not the case with Professor
and offered to the reader in well-chosen language.
Thomas's “ Practical German Gram-
And this is just what he has done in his book en- mar" (Holt), for the book is thoroughly practical.
titled “A Manual of Pedagogy” (Silver, Burdett, One of its especial features is the treatment of pro-
& Co.). For the common teacher seeking intelli-
nunciation. Some elementary phonetic principles
gent guidance in his work by private reading, for
are very simply illustrated and used as a basis in
the reading circle, for the teacher's class in the high
describing the various sounds. The student learns
school or the normal class in pedagogics, we do not
now recall a book that is better worthy of being derstands the teacher to say.
to produce the sounds, not to imitate what he un-
The connected exer-
recommended. Two chapters of forty-five pages
cises beginning with the fourth lesson are a distinct
are devoted to the study of children, which is quite
advance over anything that has yet appeared in that
disproportionate. It is assumed (page 83) that
line. An American boy describes in letters his
there is a “moral perception” which “examines experiences in Germany. Incidentally they serve
and decides questions” of right and wrong, which
to arouse interest in German life and customs, and
is not “moral judgment.' No doubt Professor
are accompanied by notes that explain unfamiliar
Putnam will admit that the only difference between
matters, idioms, etc. The chapters on Syntax pre-
what he calls “moral perception” and “moral
“
sent the facts clearly, and illustrate with aptly-
judgment” is the greater or less degree of com-
chosen examples that are in every instance carefully
plexity of the process. Whenever perception passes
translated. In the arrangement and treatment of
upon a moral question, saying, “ This is right" or
this part of the book, the influence of Brandt's
“That is wrong," it utters a judgment. We are
Grammar is very evident, but the statements are
glad to see that the author bestows reasonable at-
fuller and clearer. The appendix contains some
tention upon the active principles of human nature,
remarks on orthography, and an excellent treat-
the feelings and the will; not falling into the too
ment of cognates. The colloquies and exercises fur-
common mistake of supposing that education is an
nish sufficient practice, so that no reader is needed;
affair of the intellect merely. It is a defect of the
and after finishing Part I. the student is prepared
book that there are no references to the numerous
to read any one of the numerous short stories that
quotations.
have been annotated and edited for school use. The
Studies in
The six articles that make up Pro-
book is a distinct advance upon anything at present
American
fessor Albert Bushnell Hart's new in the market, and will doubtless prove not only a
volume, “ Studies in American Edu- valuable and useful text-book but will contribute
cation” (Longmans, Green, & Co.), appeared in the
toward a better preparation on the part of students
years 1887–1893 in well-known magazines and re- who present German as an entrance subject in col-
views. As qualification for writing them, the author lege.
adds to general scholarship and successful exper-
“ The Principles of Rhetoric” (Har-
ience in teaching, a special interest in the subject
Text-books
per), by Professor A. S. Hill, is an
of education, and particularly American education.
example of the best sort of text-book.
Moreover, he has won a good degree by services in Based, in its earlier editions, upon wide scholarship
the Cambridge School Committee, where, it is un- and sound principles, it now adds to these substan-
derstood, he has been influential in causing the new tial foundations a superstructure of illustration and
four years' course of study to be introduced into the suggestion derived from the reading of many years,
grammar schools of that city. His studies have a and from the experience that results from inter-
decidedly practical tendency, and together consti- course with many classes of college students. In
tute an addition to our steadily growing stock of its present revised and enlarged form, it is easily
good educational literature. There may be differ- the best manual for instruction in rhetoric now ob-
ences of opinion as to which of the studies is the tainable by American teachers. Its method is pre-
most valuable, but students of American education ëminently that of teaching by example; its formu-
are likely to find the first one, entitled “ Has the lations of doctrine, clear and concise, in every case
Teacher a Profession?” the most readable. Pro- lead up to an ample series of illustrative extracts,
fessor Hart's remarks on the prevailing popular dis- ranging all the way from Shakespeare to the Amer-
trust of experts, and the low estimate in which real ican newspaper - the latter introduced mainly for
a
education.
in Rhetoric.
Ba


294
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
reproof. So aptly chosen are these extracts, and so value of his contribution to the history of modern
interesting in themselves, that the study of rhetoric, education will not be questioned by those who are
pursued with their aid, is in no danger of suffering capable of passing upon the matter.
from the reproach of arid technicality, and ought
to become a delight to the right-minded student. Introduction
It seems certain that American teach-
We may mention in this connection, as in a way
to Herbartian ers and pedagogists are not to be left
pedagogy.
supplementary to Professor Hill's book, the admir-
in doubt as to the Herbartian doc-
able series of “Specimens” (Holt), of which we
trines; or, if they are, it will be their own fault.
have previously mentioned the volumes devoted to The latest addition to the literature of the subject
“Argumentation " and "Exposition," and which is
is Chr. Ufer's “ Introduction to the Pedagogy of
now completed by the publication of Dr. C. S. Bald- Herbart,” translated by Mr. J. C. Zinser, edited by
win's “Specimens of Prose Description," and Mr. President De Garmo of Swarthmore College, and
W. T. Brewster's “Specimens of Narration.” These published by Messrs. Heath & Co. The book is an
little books are carefully edited, and teachers will authoritative exposition of its subject. The learned
find them exceedingly helpful.
editor says that while it does not make all hard
things easy, it has certainly rendered it possible for
It required no little planning to con-
the thoughtful reader to make a profitable begin-
The single volume
ning - of the Herbartian pedagogy, of course. "It
complete Browning.
dense “The Complete Poetic and
has been the bridge,” he says,
Dramatic Works of Robert Brown-
over which thou-
ing” within the limits of a single volume, but
sands of teachers have passed to independent study
and research.”
Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. have accomplished
The book is recommended by its
moderate size - only a hundred and twenty pages.
the difficult task, and made a book that is at once
attractive and readable. They have even done
Mr. Thomas J. Morgan's “Patriotic
more than was promised, for they have added the
Patriotism
Citizenship" (American Book Co.)
essay on Shelley, heretofore practically inaccessible
and citizenship
is a humble but useful piece of book-
to the general reader, and highly valuable both in-
making. Its object is wholly practical : “ To stim-
trinsically and as the most important example of
ulate patriotism and to promote good citizenship."
Browning's prose. This “Cambridge Edition” of
Its plan can be stated in few words. “ Patriotism”
Browning extends to 1033 double-columned pages,
is the first of the seventeen topics that are treated.
has a fine portrait and an engraved vignette view
The author asks, “What is Patriotism ?” and he
of Asolo, a biographical introduction by Mr. Horace
answers in a sentence his own question. Then fol-
E. Scudder, indexes of titles and first lines, and all
low brief quotations from Goldsmith, Shakespeare,
the notes that an intelligent reader ought to ask for.
Noah Webster, Burke, and others. The questions,
The book, with its “infinite riches in a [compara-
“ Why should we love our native land ? "
tively] little room,” is really a marvel of careful
editing and mechanical design, and deserves high
Patriotism merely a personal or local attachment
to one's home?” and many more, are treated in
praise from every standpoint. Is it too much to
the same manner. The other general topics, as
hope that we may sometime have a similar edition
“The Flag,” “The Revolution, “ The War for
of the poetical works of Mr. Swinburne?
the Union,” follow in order. The author shows a
good knowledge of the literature of his subjects,
Ideals of
Mr. James P. Monroe, formerly of and good judgment in making his selections.
the Massachusetts Institute of Tech-
education.
nology, in “ The Educational Ideal,
Every young man who starts upon
an Outline of Its Growth in Modern Times
Selected essays
the profession of modern-language
(Heath), has done a decidedly creditable piece of
teaching feels that he must prove his
pedagogical work. He assumes that since the days quality by promptly coming before the public as an
of the schoolmen the most advanced nations have editor of some text. Fortunately, there are several
been steadily working out a common conception or enterprising publishing firms ready to accept this
ideal of child-training; and this he at once proves sort of literary product as fast as it is offered, and
and explains by passing in review the principal con- the modern teacher of French or German is happy
tributors and contributions to the work. It cannot in finding to his hand so wide a choice of texts as
be claimed that these characterizations of the edu- to prove almost embarrassing. Only those who
cational reformers fully describe in all cases the have been at the work for twenty years can fully
work they have done; nor are we sure that the appreciate the difference between present and ear-
particular phase of the reformer's influence hit lier conditions in this respect. Mr. John R. Effinger,
upon is in every case the characteristic one, as, Jr., seeking to pay his maiden tribute to pedagogy,
for example, in the case of Comenius. Still, Mr. has had the happy inspiration to select for an-
Monroe has gone carefully over his field; he has notation a group of “Selected Essays from Sainte-
brought together the most valuable educational ideas
Beuve”
(Ginn), than which he could have made no
of the men whom he passes in review; and, if his better choice. The booklet appears in the “Inter-
interpretations may sometimes be objected to, the national Modern Language " series.
“ Is
modern
of Sainte-Beuve.


1895.]
295
THE DIAL
Metaphor and
of this month as the guest of the Twentieth Century
“Metaphor and Simile in the Minor
nimile in the Elizabethan Drama" is the subject Club. He spoke of “The Patrol of the Far North,” in
Elizabethan drama. of the doctoral dissertation offered
other words, of the romantic and adventurous phases of
the work done by the Hudson Bay Company.
last summer by Mr. Frederic Ives Carpenter to the
University of Chicago, and now published by the
“Westward Ho!” and “ Two Years Ago” in two
University Press. It is a monograph displaying added to Messrs. Macmillan & Co.'s “ Pocket Edi-
volumes each, and “ Alton Locke ” in one, have been
great industry and fine critical tact, giving to its
tion" of the novels of Charles Kingsley, and continue
subject a fuller treatment than it has, to our knowl-
that very neat and serviceable publication. We could
edge, ever before received. The dramatists ex- have wished, indeed, for a size of type one degree larger,
amined in detail are Lyly, Peele, Marlowe, Kyd, but there are now so many editions of these novels that
Greene, Tourneur, Webster, Chapman, and Jonson. nearly all possible tastes must be gratified by one or
These special studies are followed by a tabular the other of them.
presentation of the results, and a highly valuable A new vest-pocket edition of the “ Imitation " pub-
synthetic discussion of the subject of the thesis.
lished at the Oxford University Press (Nelson & Sons) is
This monograph is distinguished not only by schol-
a marvel of book-making. It is two inches square, one-
arship, but by a well-balanced and finished literary
third of an inch thick (morocco binding included) and
style. The latter quality is none too common, even
contains 576 pages. The weight is something like half
an ounce. This wonder is made possible by the India
in dissertations upon literary themes, and must be
paper on which the booklet is printed, paper so thin
particularly singled out for commendation.
that it might be a fabric woven of the spider's web, yet
so strong that it is not easy to tear, and so opaque that
The spiritual
Messrs. Copeland & Day have issued, the print is not seen through the page.
autobiography of in a limited edition upon hand-made • Vernon Lee's" new volume of essays is to be enti-
Walter Pater.
paper, “The Child in the House,” tled “ Renaissance Fancies and Studies ” and is to pro-
that hitherto almost inaccessible chapter of spiritual vide a sequel to “Euphorion." It will contain the fol-
autobiography written many years ago by Walter lowing essays: “The Love of the Saints” (a study of
Pater. The booklet makes but forty-three small
the influence of the Franciscan movement on art), “The
pages,
but every one of them is a joy. The test of Imaginative Art of the Renaissance," « Tuscan Sculp-
such a study as this — aside from the purely liter-
ture," a valedictory chapter on the value of similar
studies (comprising an estimate of the late Walter
ary tests — is, of course, the fidelity with which it
Pater), and a biographical romance of the 15th century,
seizes the moods and fancies that all children have
called “A Seeker of Pagan Perfection."
at some time dimly experienced, and gives to them
If a man has to be “jumped upon,” it is well that
truthful and permanent expression. This test is the job should be done with neatness and dispatch.
triumphantly met, while the beauty of the style is This sometimes necessary work (however painful to its
such as to set the study above the reach of praise. subject) is performed for President G. Stanley Hall in
It is a miniature classic, if there ever was one. the November 8 issue of “Science," so thoroughly that
even the disjecta membra are hardly to be found lying
about. The victim of the process, in his capacity as
editor of “The American Journal of Psychology,” re-
cently published the astonishing statement that "under
LITERARY NOTES.
the influence” of certain of his pupils “ departments of
“King Lear," with a pretty photo-etching of Dover experimental psychology and laboratories were founded
Cliff, is the latest addition to the ever-charming “ Tem-
at Harvard, Yale, Philadelphia, Columbia, Toronto,
ple" Shakespeare, published by Messrs. Macmillan. Wisconsin, and many other higher institutions of learn-
Mr. Richard Burton's new volume of verse, “Dumb | ing.” This statement calls forth letters from Profes-
in June, and Other Poems," is expected this month
sor James of Harvard, Professor Ladd of Yale, Profes-
from the press of Messrs. Copeland & Day,
sor Baldwin, formerly of Toronto, and Professor Cat-
Popular Tales," by Maria Edgeworth, with illustra-
tell, formerly of Philadelphia, and now of Columbia.
Each of these gentlemen is very distinctly under the
tions by Miss Hammond, and an introduction by Mrs.
Ritchie, is the latest volume in the Macmillan series of
impression that he himself founded the department of
fiction reprints.
experimental psychology in the university with which
he is, or was, connected, and that neither President
An entirely new edition of Byron's works complete
the first since 1833 — is among the more interesting
Hall nor his pupils had anything to do with the organ-
ization of the work. Like Coriolanus, they cry : “ Alone
announcements of Messrs. Macmillan & Co. It will
I did it. Boy!” Even Wisconsin is not left standing
be in ten volumes.
to the credit of the Great American Claimant, for Pro-
An old poetical acquaintance, Coventry Patmore, is
fessor Jastrow began the work there, and Professor
to be brought to the notice of latter-day readers in a Jastrow was a member of Johns Hopkins University
collection of “ Poems of Pathos and Delight,” soon to before Dr. Hall. It seems that in the cases of Har-
be issued by Messrs. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
vard and Yale, certain of Dr. Hall's pupils have
A volume of the letters written by Victor Hugo to acted temporarily as assistants in the psychological
his wife, chiefly during his travels, and included in no work, and upon two or three facts of this sort Presi-
English or American edition of Hugo, will be issued dent Hall has built up his curious ex post facto theory
immediately by Messrs. Estes & Lauriat. The trans- of the greatness of his influence. We would suggest
lation is by Mr. Dole.
that the phenomena of megalomania might profitably
Mr. Gilbert Parker was in Chicago on the fifteenth be investigated in the laboratory of Clark University.
66


296
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
DIAL
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
(The following list, containing 214 titles, includes books re-
ceived by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
Essays by Charles Lamb. 16mo, pp. 112. Maynard's “En-
glish Classic Series." 24 cts.
Utopia. By Sir Thomas More. With introduction, eto.
24mo, pp. 136. Maynard's "English Classic Series." 24 cts.
Pupils' Outline Studies in the History of the U.S. By
Francis H. White, A.M. 8vo, pp. 117. American Book
Co. 30 cts.
The Werner Primer, for Beginners in Reading. By F. Lil.
ian Taylor. Illus., 12mo, pp. 112. The Werner Co. 30 cts.
Stifter's Das Heidedorf. Edited by Max Lentz. 12mo,
pp. 80. Am. Book Co. 25 cts.
Shakespeare's As You Like It. 12mo, pp. 102. Am. Book
Co.'s " Eclectic English Classics.” 20 cts.
HISTORY.
Turning on the Light: A Dispassionate Survey of Presi-
dent Buchanan's Administration from 1860 to its Close.
By Horatio King. With portrait, 8vo, gilt top, pp. 419.
J. B. Lippincott Co. $2.
Reconstruction During the Civil War in the United
States of America. By Eben Greenough Scott. 12mo,
gilt top, pp. 432. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $2.
Social England: A Record of the Progress of the People,
By various writers ; edited by H. D. Traill, D.C.L. Vol.
IV., From the Accession of James I. to the Death of
Anne; 8vo, uncut, pp. 632. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $3,50.
London and the Kingdom: A History. By Reginald R.
Sharpe, D.C.L. In 3 vols; Vol. III., with facsimile
frontispiece, 8vo, pp. 565. Longmans, Green, & Co. $3.50.
History of the People of Israel. By Ernest Renan. Vol.
V., Period of Jewish Independence and Judea under Ro-
man Rule, with Index. 8vo, gilt top, pp. 387. Roberts
Bros. $2.50.
The Beginning of the Middle Ages. By the late R. W.
Church, M.D. 12mo, uncut, pp. 269. Macmillan & Co.
$1.50.
Outline History of Italy from the Fall of the Western Em-
pire. By Elizabeth M. Sewell į with preface by Lucy H.
M. Soulsby. 16mo, pp. 283. Longmans, Green, & Co.
90 cts.
A Lecture on the Study of History. By Lord Acton,
LL.D. 12mo, uncut, pp. 142. Macmillan & Co. 75 cts.
The Campaign of Trenton, 1776-77. By Samuel Adams
Drake. Illus., 16mo, pp. 115. Lee & Shepard. 50 cts.
EDUCATION.- BOOKS FOR SCHOOL AND
COLLEGE.
Means and Ends of Education. By J. L. Spalding. 16mo,
pp. 232. A. C. McClurg & Co. $1.
Psychology in Education. By Ruric N. Roark. 12mo,
pp. 312. American Book Co. $1.
Elementary Physical Geography. By Ralph S. Tarr,
B.S., author of “Economic Geology of the United States."
Illus., 12mo, pp. 488. Macmillan & Co. $1.40.
Harmony and Counterpoint, with Ex ises. By T. H.
Bertenshaw, B. A. 12mo, pp. 290. Longmans' Music
Course. $1.
Tbe Sketch Book. By Washington Irving; edited by Wil-
liam Lyon Phelps, A.M. Students' edition; 12mo, pp.
544. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.
Organic Chemistry : The Fatty Compounds. By R. Lloyd
Whiteley, F.I.C. Illus., 12mo, pp. 291. Longmans,
Green, & Co. $1.
A History of Greece for Colleges and High Schools. By
Philip Van Ness Myers, L.H.D., author of " A History
of Rome." Illus., 12mo, pp. 577. Ginn & Co. $1.40.
Eight Orations of Lysias. Edited, with introduction, notes,
etc., by Morris H. Morgan, Ph.D. With portrait, 12mo,
pp. 223. Ginn & Co. $1.50.
A German Reader for Beginners. With notes and vocabu-
lary by Charles Harris. 12mo, pp. 355. Henry Holt &
Co. $1.
A Practical German Grammar By Calvin Thomas.
12mo, pp. 411. Henry Holt & Co. $1.12.
Scott's Woodstock. Edited by Bliss Perry, M.A. With
portrait, 12mo, pp. 566. Longmans' "English Class-
$1.
Defoe's Journal of the Plague Year. Edited, by George
Rice Carpenter. With portrait, 12mo, pp. 253. Long-
mans' “English Classics.' 75 cts.
Zoology for High Schools and Academies. By Margaretta
Burnet. Illus., 12mo, pp. 216. American Book Co. 75 C.
The First School Year, for Primary Workers. By Kath-
erine Beebe. 16mo, gilt top, pp. 147. The Werner Co.
Bilder aus der Deutschen Litteratur. Von J. Kellor.
12mo, pp. 225. American Book Co. 75 cts.
Three German Tales. Edited, with introduction, notes,
etc., by A. B. Nichols. 16mo, pp. 226. Henry Holt &
Co. 60 cts.
Specimens of Prose Description. Compiled and edited
by Charles Sears Baldwin, Ph.D. 16mo, pp. 149. Holt's
*English Readings." 50 cts.
Specimens of Narration. Chosen and edited by William
T. Brewster, M.A. 16mo, pp. 209. Holt's "English
Readings." 50 cts.
Select Minor Poems of John Milton. Edited by James
E. Thomas, B.A. With portrait, 12mo, pp. 123. Silver,
Burdett & Co. 48 cts.
The Vicar of Wakefield. By Oliver Goldsmith. Edited by
Homer B. Sprague, A.M. With portrait, 12mo, pp. 201.
Silver, Burdett & Co. 48 cts.
Scott's Lady of the Lake. Edited by Homer B. Sprague,
A.M. With portrait, 12mo, pp. 224. Silver, Burdett &
Co. 48 cts.
Practical Lessons in English. By Huber/Gray Buehler.
12mo, pp. 152. Harper & Bros. 50 cts.
Roman Life in the Days of Cicero. By the Rev. Alfred
J. Church, M.A. 16mo, pp. 291. Macmillan's “School
Library." 50 cts.
Stories from Virgil. By the Rev. Alfred J. Church, M.A.
16mo, pp. 266. Macmillan's "School Library.' 50 cts.
The Letter of James the Just. Arranged for college
classes by M. Woolsey Stryker, D.D. 12mo, pp. 67.
Ginn & Co. 85 cts.
Contes et Légendes, \Ière Partie. Par (H. A. Guerber.
16mo, pp. 183. American Book Co. 60 cts.
Cicero's De Senectute. Edited by Frank Ernest Rock-
wood, A.M, 12mo, pp. 159. American Book Co. 90 cts.
Cicero's De Senectute. Edited by E. S. Shuckburgh,
M.A.; revised by James G. Egbert, Jr., Ph.D. 24mo,
pp. 182. Macmillan's "Elementary Classics." 40 cts.
ics.
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
The Private Life of Warren Hastings, First Governor-
General of India. By Sir Charles Lawson. Illus, in
photogravure, etc., 8vo, pp. 254. Macmillan & Co. $3.50.
The Life and Times of John Kettlewell, with Details of
the History of the Nonjurors. By the author of "Nich-
olas Ferrar"; edited by the Rev. T. T. Carter, M.A.
With portrait, 12mo, uncut, pp. 273. Longmans, Green,
& Co. $1.75.
The Life of John Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury, By
R. I. Woodhouse, M.A. 12mo, uncut, pp. 168. Long
mans, Green, & Co. $1.75.
Pioneer work in Opening the Medical Profession to Women:
Autobiographical Sketches. By Dr. Elizabeth Black-
well. 12mo, pp. 267. Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.50.
Charles Lyell and Modern Geology. By Prof. T. G.
Bonney, D.Sc. With portrait, 12mo, pp. 224. Macmil-
lan's "Century Science Series." $1.25.
Famous Leaders among Women. By Sarah Knowles
Bolton, author of “ Famous Leaders among Men." Illus.,
12mo, pp. 356. T. Y. Crowell & Co. $1.50.
Washington in his Library and Life. By Rev. Eliphalet
Nott Potter, D.D. With portrait, 16mo, pp. 220.
E. & J. B. Young & Co. 75 cts.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
A Victorian Anthology, 1837-1895 : Selections Illustrating
the Editor's Critical Review of “ Victorian Poets." Ed.
ited by Edmund Clarence Stedman. With 2 photograv-
ures, 8vo, gilt top, pp. 744. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $2.50.
Anima Poetee from the
Unpublished Note-Books of Samuel
Taylor Coleridge. Edited by Ernest Hartley Coleridge.
8vo, gilt top, pp. 271. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $2.50.
Browning Studies: Being Select Papers by Members of the
Browning Society. Edited,
with introduction, by Edward
Bardoe, author of “The Browning Cyclopædia." 8vo,
uncut, pp. 331. Macmillan & Co. $2.25,


1895.]
297
THE DIAL
Little Rivers: A Book of Essays in Profitable Idleness. By
Henry Van Dyke. Mus., 12mo, gilt top, ancut, pp. 291.
Chas. Scribner's Sons. $2.
The Writings of Thomas Jefferson. Collected and edited
by Paul Leicester Ford. Vol. VI., 1792-1794; 8vo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 521. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $5.
Lectures and Essays. By Henry Nettleship, M.A.; edited
by F. Haverfield, M.A. Second series ; with portrait and
memoir, 12mo, uncut, pp. 269. Macmillan & Co. $1.90.
The Household of Sir Thos. More. With introduction by
the Rev. W. H. Hutton, B.D. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, un-
cut, pp. 295. Chas. Scribner's Sons. $2.25.
Gallica, and Other Essays. By James Henry Hallard, M.A.
8vo, uncut, pp. 157. Longmans, Green, & Co. $2.50.
Occasional and Immemorial Days. By the Rev. A. K. H.
Boyd, D.D., author of "Twenty-five Years of St. An-
drews." 12mo, uncut, pp. 318. Longmans, Green, &
Co. $2.
The Great Galeoto, and Folly or Saintliness: Two Plays.
By José Echegaray ; trans. by Hannah Lynch. 8vo, un-
cut, pp. 196. Lamson, Wolffe, & Co. $1.50.
Colonial Dames and Good Wives. By Alice Morse Earle.
12mo, pp. 315. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50.
Cousin Anthony and I: Some Views of Ours. By Edward
Sandford Martin, author of "Windfalls of Observation."
12mo, pp. 225. Chas. Scribner's Sons. $1.25.
Francis Bacon and His Shakespeare. By Theron S. E.
Dixon. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 461. Chicago : Sargent Pub'g
Co. $1.50.
American War Ballads (1725–1865). Edited by George
Cary Eggleston. Two vols. in one; illus., 18mo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 504. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50.
Thoughts from the Writings of Richard Jefferies. Se-
lected by H. S. H. Waylen. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp.
127. Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.25.
Other Times and Other Seasons. By Laurence Hutton.
With portrait, 24mo, pp. 181. Harper & Bros. $1.
Charm and Courtesy in Letter-Writing. By Frances
Bennett Callaway. 16mo, gilt top, pp. 250. Dodd, Mead
& Co. $1.
Knowledge and Culture. By Henry Matson, author of
"References for Literary Workers." 16mo, pp. 170.
A. C. McClurg & Co. 75 cts.
Orations, Addresses, and Club Essays. By Hon. George
A. Sanders, M.A. With portrait, 12mo, pp. 400. Rand,
McNally & Co.
POETRY.
The Tenth Muse, and Other Poems. By Sir Edwin Ar
nold, M.A., author of "The Light of Asia." 12mo, un-
cut, pp. 159. Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.50.
In the Young World. By Edith M. Thomas. 12mo, gilt
top, pp. 109. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50.
The Viol of Love. By Charles Newton-Robinson. 12mo,
uncut, pp. 56. Lamson, Wolffe, & Co. $1.50.
From Dreamland Sent. By Lilian Whiting. 16mo, gilt
top, pp. 133. Roberts Bros. $1.25.
The White Wampum: A Book of Indian Verse. By E.
Pauline Johnson. 12mo, uncut, pp. 88. Lamson, Wolffe,
& Co. $1.50.
The Vacant Chair, and Other Poems. By Henry Steven-
son Washburn. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 250, Silver,
Burdett & Co. $1.25.
Skeleton Leaves. By Hedley Peek (Frank Leyton). New
edition ; 16mo, uncut, pp. 127. Longmans, Green, &
Co. $1.
Beside the Narraguagus, and Other Poems. By Arthur
John Lockhart. 24mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 112. Peter
Paul Book Co. $1.
With Birds and Flowers. By Isaac Bassett Choate. 12mo,
pp. 136. New York: Home Journal Print.
The Right to Love. By Dr. Max Nordau; authorized
translation by Mary J. Safford. With portrait, 12mo,
pp. 169. F. Tennyson Neely. $1.50.
His Father's Son: A Novel of New York. By Brander
Matthews. Illus., 12mo, pp. 248. Harper & Bros. $1.50.
The Land of Promise. By Paul Bourget; trans. from the
French. Illus., 12mo, pp. 372. F. Tennyson Neely. $1.50.
A Daughter of the Tenements. By Edward W. Town-
send, author of “Chimmie Fadden." Illus., 12mo, pp.
301. Lovell, Coryell & Co. $1.75.
"Miss Träumerei”: A Weimar Idyl. By Albert Morris
Bagby. 12mo, pp. 292. Lamson, Wolffe, & Co. $1.50.
“All Men Are Liars." By Joseph Hocking, author of "The
Monk of Mar Saba." 12no, gilt top, pp. 418. Roberts
Bros. $1.50.
A Gentleman Vagabond, and Some Others. By F. Hop-
kinson Smith. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 182. Hough-
ton, Miffin & Co. $1.25.
Bernicia. By Amelia E. Barr, author of "Jan Vedder's
Wife." 12mo, pp. 306. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.25.
The Bowers. By Henry Seton Merriman, author of " With
Edged Tools." 12mo, pp. 390. Harper & Bros. $1.25.
Against Human Nature. By Maria Louise Pool, author
of “Dally.” 12mo, pp. 361. Harper & Bros. $1.25.
In the Smoke of War: A Story of Civil Strife. By Walter
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A Cumberland Vendetta, and Other Stories. By John
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A Question of Faith. By L. Dougall, author of “Beggars
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Miss Jerry. By Alexander Black. Illus., 16mo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 122. Chas. Scribner's Sons. $1.
What I Told Dorcas: A Story for Mission Workers. By
Mary E. Ireland. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 354. E. P.
Dutton & Co. $1.25.
The Veil of Liberty: A Tale of the Girondins. By Péronne.
12mo, uncut, pp. 396. Macmillan & Co. $1.
A Bid for Fortune. By Guy Boothby, author of “On the
Wallaby." 12mo, pp. 301. D. Appleton & Co. $1.
A Mad Madonna, and Other Stories. By L. Clarkson
Whitelock. Illus., 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 203.
Joseph Knight Co. $1.
A Dash to the Pole. By Herbert D. Ward, author of "The
New Senior at Andover." Illus.. 12mo, pp. 270. Lovell,
Coryell & Co. $1.
Cherryfield Hall: An Episode in the Career of an Adven-
turess. By Frederic Henry Balfour. 12mo, pp. 434.
G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.
A Man and his Womankind. By Nora Vynné. With
frontispiece, 18mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 195. Henry Holt
& Co. 75 cts.
Sir Quixote of the Moors. By John Buchan. With fron-
tispiece, 18mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 228. Henry Holt &
Co. 75 cts.
The King's Stratagem, and Other Stories. By Stanley J.
Weyman. Illus., 18mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 224. Platt
& Bruce. 50 cts.
Over the Old Trail. By Lewis B. France. 12mo, pp. 339.
Arena Pub'g Co. $1.25.
NEW VOLUMES IN THE PAPER LIBRARIES.
Macmillan's Novelists' Library: The Stickit Minister, by
S. R. Crockett; illus., 12mo, pp. 290. 50 cts.
FICTION.
Casa Braccio. By F. Marion Crawford, author of "Sarac-
HOLIDAY GIFT-BOOKS.
The Romance of Prince Eugène. By Albert Pulitzer;
trans. by Mrs. B. M. Sherman. In 2 vols., illus. in
photogravure, 8vo, gilt tops, uncut. Dodd, Mead & Co.
Boxed, $5.
Pictures of Rustic Landscape. By Birket Foster; with
passages in prose and verse selected by John Davidson,
author of "Ballads and Songs." Illus., large 8vo, gilt
edges, pp. 238. Longmans, Green, & Co. $3.50.
Westminster Abbey and the Cathedrals of England.
By Deans Farrar, Milman, Stanley, and others. Illus.,
4to, pp. 215. Philadelphia : John C. Winston & Co.
Boxed, $3.50.
The Art of Living. By Robert Grant. Illus., 12mo, gilt
inesca.” In 2 vols., illus., 16mo. Macmillan & Co. $2.
The Chronicles of Count Antonio. By Anthony Hope,
author of "The Prisoner of Zenda." With photogravure
frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 331. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
The Comedy of Sentiment. By Dr. Max Nordau. Au-
thorized edition; with portrait, 12mo, pp. 278. F. Ten-
nyson Neely. $1.50.
top, pp. 353. Chas. Scribner's Sons. $2.50.


298
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
Old English Fairy Tales. Collected by S. Baring Gould,
M.A., author of "Old Country Life." Illus., gilt top,
uncut, pp. 400. Way & Williams. $2.25.
Marmontel's Moral Tales. Selected, with a revised trang-
lation, notes, etc., by George Saintsbury: Illus., 12mo,
gilt edges, pp. 423. Macmillan & Co. $2.
Stops of Various Quills. By W. D. Howells. Illus. by
Howard Pyle; 8vo, gilt top, uncut. Harper & Bros.
$2.50.
A Literary Pilgrimage, and Literary Shrines. By Theo-
dore F. Wolfe, M.D. Illus. in photogravure, 16mo, gilt
tops, uncut. J. B. Lippincott Co. Boxed, $2.50.
The Beauties of Shakespeare. By the Rev. William
Dodd, LL.D. Revised, corrected, and enlarged ; in 2
vols., with photogravure frontispieces, 16mo, gilt tops.
T. Y. Crowell & Co. $2.50.
My Sister Henrietta. By Ernest Renan; trans. by Abby
L. Alger. Illus. in photogravure, 8vo, gilt top, pp. 118.
Roberts Bros. $1.25.
The Story of the Other Wise Man. By Henry Van Dyke.
Illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 84. Harper & Bros. $1.50.
“Chip’s" Old Wood Cuts: Drawings by F. P. W. Bellew
(“Chip”). 4to. R. H. Russell & Son. $1.
“Chip’s” Dogs: A Collection of Humorous Drawings by F.
P. W. Bellew ("Chip"). 4to. R. H. Russell & Son. $1.
What Makes a Friend ?: Definitions and Opinions. Col-
lected and compiled by Volney Streamer. 8vo, uncut.
Lamson, Wolffe, & Co. Boxed, $1.25.
In Friendship's Name. Compiled by Volney Streamer.
8vo, uncut. Lamson, Wolffe, & Co. Boxed, $1.25.
The
Faïence Violin. By Champfleury; trang. by Helen B.
Dole. Illus., 16mo, gilt top, pp. 205. T. Y. Crowell &
Co. $1.
Rhymes and Chimes Calendar for 1896. 8vo. San Fran-
cisco: The Channing Auxiliary. Boxed, $1.
Legends of Gems. By Frank Shelley, 18mo, uncut, pp.
124. R. H. Russell & Son. 50 cts.
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG.
Mr. Rabbit at Home: A Sequel to “Little Mr. Thimble-
finger." By Joel Chandler Harris. Illus., 8vo, pp. 304.
Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $2.
More Fairy Tales from the Arabian Nights. Edited and
arranged by E. Dixon. Illus. with etchings by J. D.
Batten ; 8vo, gilt top, pp. 256. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $2.
Country Pastimes for Boys. By P. Anderson Graham.
Illus., 12mo, gilt edges, pp. 448. Longmans, Green, &
Co. $2.
The Silver Fairy Book: Comprising Stories by Voltaire,
Mme. Bernhardt, and others. Illus., 8vo, pp. 312. G.
P. Putnam's Sons. $2.
The Keeper of the Salamander's Order: A Story of
Strange Adventure in Unknown Climes. By William
Shattuck. Illus., 8vo, pp. 326. Roberts Bros. $2.
Comorant Crag: A Tale of the Smuggling Days. By
Geo. Manville Fenn, author of “First in the Field.”
Illus., 12mo, pp. 416. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
The Partners: A Story for Girls. By William 0. Stoddard,
author of “Dab Kinzer." Illus., 12mo, pp. 302. Loth-
rop Pub'g Co. $1,50.
Chilhower Boys in War Time. By Sarah E. Morrison,
author of "Chilhowee Boys.” Plus., 12mo, pp. 382.
T. Y. Crowell & Co. $1.50.
A Last Century Maid, and Other Stories for Children. By
Anne Hollingsworth Wharton. Illas., 8vo, pp. 203.
J. B. Lippincott Co. $1.50.
The Impostor, and Other Stories. By Charles Remington
Talbot, author of “Honor Bright." Illus., 12mo, pp.
405. Lothrop Pub'g Co. $1.50.
The Young Pretenders. By Edith Henrietta Fowler.
Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 231. Longmans, Green, & Co.
$1.50.
The Mushroom Cave. By Evelyn Raymond, author of
"The Little Lady of the Horse." Illus., 12mo, pp. 352.
Roberts Bros. $1.50.
Katharine's Yesterday, and Other Christian Endeavor
Stories. By Grace Livingston Hill. With frontispiece,
12mo, pp. 425. Lothrop Pub'g Co. $1.50.
Through Forest and Plain: A Tale of Flowers and Fili-
busters. By Ashmore Russan and Frederic Boyle. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 322. Roberts Bros. $1.50.
A Child of Tuscany. By Marguerite Bouvet, author of
"My Lady.” Illus., 8vo, pp. 207. A. C. McClurg & Co.
$1.50.
Joel: A Boy of Galilee. By Annie Fellows Johnson. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 253. Roberts Bros. $1.50.
Children's Stories in American Literature (1660-1860).
By Henrietta Christian Wright. 12mo, pp. 249. Chas.
Scribner's Sons. $1.25.
In the Okefenokee: A Story of War Time and the Great
Georgia Swamp. By Louis Pendleton. Illus., 12mo, pp.
182. Roberts Bros. $1.25.
Cousin Mona: A Story for Girls. By Rosa Nouchette Carey,
author of " Aunt Diana." Dlus., 12mo, pp. 337. J. B.
Lippincott Co. $1.25.
Half Round the World; or, Among the Uncivilized. By
Oliver Optic. Illus., 12mo, pp. 364. Lee&Shepard. $1.25.
A Jolly Good Summer. By Mary P. Wells Smith, author
of ** Jolly Good Times." Illus., 16mo, pp. 319. Roberts
Bros. $1.25.
A Life of Christ for Young People, in Questions and An-
swers. By Mary Hastings Foote. 12mo, pp. 281. Har
per & Bros. $1.25.
The Young Ranchers; or, Fighting the Sioux. By Edward
S. Ellis. Illus., 12mo, pp. 284. Henry T. Coates & Co.
$1.25.
Girls Together. By Amy E. Blanchard, author of "Two
Girls." Illus., 12mo, pp. 259. J. B. Lippincott Co. $1.25.
Frowzel the Runaway: A Fable for Children. By Lily
F. Wesselhoeft, author of "Sparrow the Tramp." Illus.,
16mo, pp. 312. Roberts Bros. $1.25.
Adrift in the City; or, Oliver Conrad's Plucky Fight. By
Horatio Alger, Jr. Illus., 12mo, pp. 325. Henry T.
Coates & Co. $1.25.
Little Miss Phoebe Gay. By Helen Dawes Brown, author
of "The Petrie Estate." Iuus., 12mo, pp. 139. Hough-
ton, Mifflin & Co. $1.
The Lottery Ticket. By J.T. Trowbridge. Illus., 16mo,
pp. 202. Lee & Shepard. $1.
Don. By the author of “Miss Toosey's Mission." With
frontispiece, 16mo, pp. 332. Roberts Bros. $1.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
“ Thistle" Edition of Robert Louis Stevenson's Works.
In 16 volumes, comprising : Novels and Tales, 11 vol-
umes ; Travels and Essays, 4 volumes ; Poems, 1 volume.
9 volumes now ready; each with frontispiece, 8vo, gilt
tops, uncut. Chas. Scribner's Sons. (Sold only by sub-
scription.) Per vol., $2.
Scott's Complete Poetical Works. Edited by J. Logie
Robertson, M.A. Oxford Miniature edition ; in 5 vols.,
32mo, gilt edges. Thos. Nelson & Sons. In cloth box, $7.
Thomas Moore's Complete Poetical Works. Collected
by himself; with Notes and biographical Introduction.
In 2 vols., with photogravure and other illustrations,
12mo, gilt tops. T. Y. Crowell & Co. $3.
The Scottish Chiefs. By Miss Jane Porter. New edition,
revised and corrected by the author; in 2 vols., illus.,
12mo, gilt tops. T. Y. Crowell & Co. $3.
Spenser's Faerie Queene. Edited by Thomas J. Wise.
Part IX., (Book III., Cantos IX.-XII.); illus., large 8vo,
uncut. Macmillan & Co. $3.
Rubaiyát of Omar Khayyam. Rendered into English
verse by Edward Fitzgerald. 16mo, uncut, pp. 124. Port-
land, Me.: Thos. B. Mosher. $1.
Molière's Works. Trans. by Katharine Prescott Wormeley.
Vol. IV., L'Avare, Don Juan, Les Fâcheux; with por-
trait, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 373. Roberts Bros. $1.50.
The Return of the Native. By Thomas Hardy. With
etched frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 507. Harper & Bros. $1.50.
The Marriage Contract. By Honoré de Balzac; trans, by
Katharine Prescott Wormeley. 12mo, pp. 331. Roberts
Bros. $1.50.
Popular Tales. By Maria Edgeworth ; with introduction
by Anne Thackeray Ritchie. Illus., 12mo, pp. 508.
Macmillan & Co. $1.25.
of the Imitation of Christ. By Thomas A. Kempis. Ox-
ford “Thumb” edition, on India paper; gilt edges, pp.
576. Thos. Nelson & Sons. 75 cts.
People's Edition of Tennyson's Poems. Vols. 1 and 2,
Juvenilia, and The Lady of Shalott; each 24mo, uncut.
Macmillan & Co. Per vol., 45 cts.
Shakespeare's King Lear. Temple” edition ; edited
by Israel Gollancz, M.A. With frontispiece, 24mo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 189. Macmillan & Co. 45 cts.
:


1895.]
299
THE DIAL
1
The Ocala Boy: A Story of Florida Town and Forest. By
Maurice Thompson. Illus., 16mo, pp. 225. Lothrop
Pub'g Co. $1.
Dorothy and Anton: A Sequel to “Dear Daughter Doro-
thy." By A. G. Plympton. Illus., 12mo, pp. 131. Rob-
erts Bros. $1.
My Honey. By the author of “Miss Toosey's Mission."
16mo, pp. 341. Roberts Bros. $1.
Kyzie Dunlee: “A Golden Girl." By Sophie May, author
of “Little Prudy Stories." Illus., 16mo, pp. 180. Lee
& Shepard. 75 cts.
The Mammoth Hunters. By Willis Boyd Allen, author
of " Pine Cove Stories.” Llus., 12mo, pp. 141. Lothrop
Pub'g Co. 75 cts.
Young Master Kirke. By Penn Shirley, author of “Lit-
tle Miss Weezy." Illus., 16mo, pp. 156. Loo & Shepard.
75 cts.
“Little Daughter." By Grace Le Baron. Illus., 16mo,
pp. 178. Lee & Shepard. 75 cts.
Under the Stable Floor: A Christmas Story. By M. Car-
rie Hyde. With frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 112. Roberts
Bros. 50 cts.
Goostie. By M. Carrie Hyde. With frontispiece, 12mo, pp.
110. Roberts Bros. 50 cts.
Yan and Nochie of Tappan Sea. By M. Carrie Hyde.
With frontispiece, 12mo, pp. 115. Roberts Bros. 50 cts.
ART.
Sacred and Legendary Art. By Anna
Jameson ; edited,
with additional notes, by Estelle M. Hurll. In 2 vols.,
illus., 8vo, gilt tops. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $6.
Considerations on Painting: Lectures Given at the Metro-
politan Museum of New York. By John La Farge.
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 270. Macmillan & Co. $1.25.
A Guide to the Paintings of Venice. By Karl Karoly,
author of "A Guide to the Paintings of Florence."
Illus., 18mo, pp. 278. Macmillan & Co. $1.50.
British Birds. By W. H. Hudson, C.M.Z.S.; with a chap-
ter
on Structure and Classification by Frank E. Beddard,
F.R.S. Illus. in colors, etc., 8vo, gilt top, pp. 363. Long-
mans, Green, & Co. $3.50.
The Romance of the Woods. By F, J. Whishaw, author
of “Out of Doors in Tsarland." Illus., 12mo, pp. 298.
Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.75.
Inmates of My House and Garden. By Mrs. Brightwen,
author of "Wild Nature Won by Kindness." Illus.,
12mo, gilt top, pp. 277. Macmillan & Co. $1.25.
Elements of Plant Anatomy. By Emily L. Gregory, Ph.D.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 148. Ginn & Co. $1.35.
Life and Love. By
Margaret Warner Morley, author of “A
Song of Life." Illus., 12mo, pp. 214. A. C. McClurg &
Co. $1.25.
Royal Natural History. Edited by Richard Lydekker,
B.A. Part 6; illus., 8vo, uncut. Frederick Warne &
Co. 50 cts.
SOCIAL, POLITICAL, AND FINANCIAL
STUDIES.
Fallacies of Race Theories as Applied to National Charac-
teristics : Essays. By William Dalton Babington, M.A.
12mo, uncut, pp. 277. Longmans, Green, & Co. $2.
Social Theory: A Grouping of Social Facts and Principles.
By John Bascom, author of "Ethics." 12mo, pp. 550.
Crowell's “Library of Economics and Politics."* $1.75.
Practical Christian Sociology: A Series of Lectures. With
notes and appendices by Rev. Wilbur F. Crafts, Ph.D.;
with introduction by Joseph Cook, LL.D. With por-
traits, 12mo, pp. 524. Funk & Wagnalls. $1.50.
The Constitution of the United States at the End of the
First Century. By George S. Boutwell. 8vo. pp. 412.
D, C. Heath & Co. $3.50.
Money and Banking. Illustrated by American History.
By Horace White. Illus., 12mo, pp. 488. Ginn & Co.
$1.50.
THEOLOGY AND RELIGION.
A History of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the
United States of America. By Charles C. Tiffany, D.D.
8vo, pp. 593. New York: The Christian Literature Co. $3.
Christian Teaching and Life. By Alvah Hovey, D.D.
12mo, pp. 286. American Baptist Pub’n Society. $1.25.
The Prophets of Israel. By Carl Heinrich Cornill; trans.
by Sutton F. Corkran. With portrait, 12mo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 194. Chicago: Open Court Pub'g Co. $1.
The Spiritual Life: Bible Lectures. By George C. Need-
ham. 12mo, pp. 262. American Baptist Pub'n Society. $1.
Uncle Sam's Church: His Creed, Bible, and Hymn-Book.
By John Bell Bouton. 12mo, pp. 73. Lamson, Wolffe,
& Co. 50 cts.
If Jesus Came to Boston. By Edward E. Hale. 12mo,
pp. 45. Lamson, Wolffe, & Co. 50 cts.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Broken Notes from a Gray Nunnery. By Julia Sherman
Hallock. 12mo, pp. 103. Lee & Shepard. $1.25.
List of Books for Girls and Women and Their Clubs.
With descriptive and critical notes, etc. Edited by Au-
gusta H. Leypoldt and George Iles. 8vo, pp. 161. Bos-
ton: The Library Bureau. $1.
The Art of Living Long and Happily. By Henry Hard-
wicke, author of “The Art of Winning Cases." 12mo,
pp. 106. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.
Sunshine for Shut-Ins. Compiled by a “Shut-In.” 24mo,
pp. 207. T. Y. Crowell & Co. 75 cts.
What Shall We Do?: Suggestions for Entertainments. By
Ruth Hall. 16mo, pp. 59. R. H. Russell & Son. 50 cts.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION,
Mentone, Cairo, and Corfu. By Constance Fenimore Wool-
son, author of " Anne." Illus., 12mo, pp. 358. Harper
& Bros. $1.75.
This Goodly Frame, the Earth: Stray Impressions of
Travel. By Francis Tiffany. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 364.
Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50.
The Islands of the Pacific. By Rev. James M. Alexander.
Illus., 8vo, pp. 515. American Tract Society. $2.
REFERENCE.
A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles. Ed-
ited by Dr. James A. H. Murray. Two new parts, De-
pravative — Development, and Fee Field ; each 4to,
uncut. Macmillan & Co. Per part, 60 cts.
7
a
SCIENCE.
An Atlas of the Fertilization
and Karyokinesis of the
Ovum. By Edmund B. Wilson, Ph.D., and Edward
Leaming, M.D. Illus., 4to, pp. 32. Macmillan & Co. $4.
Molecules and the Molecular Theory of Matter. By A.
D. Risteen, S.B. Illus., 12mo, pp. 223. Ginn & Co. $2.
Word Formation in the Roman Sermo Plebeive: An
Historical Study. By Frederic Taber Cooper, A.B. 8vo,
uncut, pp. 329. Ginn & Co. $2.50.
Mind and Motion and Monism. By the late George John
Romanes, M.A. 12mo, pp. 170. Longmans, Green, &
Co. $1.25.
A Treatise of Computation. By Edward M. Langley, M.A.
OF INTEREST TO AUTHORS AND PUBLISHERS: The
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Terms by agreement. Circulars. Address
Dr. TITUS M. COAN, 70 Fifth Ave., New York,
cess.
RARE BOOKS, Autographo, Portraité. Send your list
16mo, pp. 184, Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.
The Historical Study of the Long O-Vowel in Accented
Syllables in English. By Edwin W. Bowen, Ph.D. 12mo,
pp. 101. D. C. Heath & Co.
Practical Proofs of Chemical Laws: A Course of Experi-
ments. By Vaughan Cornish, M.Sc. 12mo, pp. 92.
Longmans, Green, & Co. 75 cts.
NATURE STUDIES.
Our Edible Toadstools and Musbrooms, and How to Dis-
tinguish Them. By W. Hamilton Gibson. Illus. in
colors, etc., by the author; large 8vo,'gilt top, uncut, pp.
337. Harper & Bros. Boxed, $7.50.
Back Numbers of Magazines, Posters,
of wants to JOHN A. STERNE, 20 E. Adams St., CHICAGO.


300
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
IMPORTANT BOOKS.
HALF A DOZEN NEW BOOKS
FOR BOYS AND GIRLS.
JUST PUBLISHED.
JOSEPH JEFFERSON'S RIP VAN
WINKLE.
Being the text of the play as acted by Mr. JEFFERSON, now
for the first time published. Illustrated with many draw-
ings and photogravures of scenes in the play, five of them
from paintings by the actor himself. Issued in three edi-
tions at 85.00,810.00 and 825.00, respectively. A charm-
ing memorial of this world-renowned play and actor, with
an introduction by himself.
THE ROMANCE OF PRINCE EUGÈNE.
An idyll under Napoleon I. By ALBERT PULITZER. With
12 full-page photogravure portraits. Elegantly bound. 2
vols., $5.00.
Also a limited large-paper edition, with special features, and
very elaborately bound. 2 vols., $12.00 net.
THE PARTNERS. By WILLIAM 0. STODDARD.
A Story for Girls. The best girl's book of the year,
and yet a boy's story too—for all the boys and girls
admire Stoddard's stories. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
THE BOOK OF ATHLETICS. Edited by NOR-
MAN W. BINGHAM, Jr. All about out-of-door sports,
foot-ball, golf, bicycling, etc., by the best athletes in
the American colleges. 8vo, cloth, $1.50.
THE TRUE STORY OF GEORGE WASH-
INGTON. By ELBRIDGE S. BROOKS. The best
“child-life” of the “ Father of his Country.” Told
for youngest readers, but full of interest for all ages.
4to, cloth, $1.50.
THE HOBBLEDEHOY. By BELLE C. GREENE.
The unique story of a “changing” boy, that every boy
and girl, every father and mother, will heartily enjoy.
12mo, cloth, $1.25.
CHILD SKETCHES FROM GEORGE ELIOT.
Compiled by JULIA MAGRUDER. Illustrated by
Birch and Amy Brooks, and introducing young
readers to the children in the great writer's stories.
8vo, cloth, $1.25.
THE BOY LIFE OF NAPOLEON. From the
French of Mme. EUGENIE Foa. The only story-life
of the boy Napoleon. 8vo, cloth, $1.25.
Sold at all bookstores. Send for Illustrated Holiday List and new De-
scriptive Catalogue of the largest juvenile publishing house in America.
LOTHROP PUBLISHING COMPANY,
No. 92 PEARL STREET, Boston.
EDMUND SPENSER'S EPITHALAMION.
A sumptuous edition of Spenser's famous marriage-poem.
With over 50 illustrations in black and white by GEORGE
WAARTON EDWARDS. Each verse framed in a rich orna-
mental border and accompanied by a full-page design.
Printed on Imperial Japan paper and bound in vellum and
full gold. $7.50.
AUSTIN DOBSON'S POEMS.
An entirely new and beautiful limited edition of these delight-
ful verses.
With etched portrait of Mr. Dobson by Will
IAM STRANG, and 7 full-page etchings by LALAUZE. Issued
in four styles at $5.00, $10.00, $15.00, and $20.00 respect-
ively. In 2 vols. Particulars on application to any book-
seller.
JOHN AND SEBASTIAN CABOT.
By HENRY HARRISSE. A chapter of the maritime history of
England under the Tudors, 1496–1557. With new maps and
illustrations especially prepared for this work. Limited
edition. $7.50.
SIR JOSEPH CROWE'S REMINISCENCES;
OR, THIRTY - FIVE YEARS OF MY LIFE, By Sir JOSEPH
CROWE, K.C.M.G., one of the authors of " History of
Painting in Italy,” etc. An eminently readable book, full
of adventure and incident in literary, social, diplomatic, and
political affairs. $4.00.
WHY READ AT RANDOM ?
Men and women of authority in the most interesting fields of litera-
ture have chosen 2100 works for
The List of Books for Girls and Women and Their Clubs,
adding just the word of description and criticism an inquirer wishes to
have. Nothing so helpful has ever been published before. Some of the
departments :
Fiction, a reviewer for the Nation. History, Reuben G. Thwaites.
Natural History, Olive Thorne Miller. Education, Prof. Edward R.
Shaw. Fine Art, Russell Sturgis. Music, Henry E. Krehbiel.
Country Occupations, Prof. L. H. Bailey. Domestic Economy,
Useful Arts and Livelihoods, Augusta H. Leypoldt. Hints for
Girls' and Womens' Clubs, with outline Constitution and By-laws.
Cloth, $1.00; paper, 50 cents.
Published for the American Library Association.
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THE FORESHADOWINGS OF THE CHRIST.
Professor W. R. Harper.
THE TIMES OF CHRIST
. Professor H. M. Scott, D.D.
THE SOURCES OF INFORMATION FOR THE LIFE
OF CHRIST
Professor Ernest D. Burton.
THE ORIGINAL TEXT OF THE GOSPELS.
Professor Caspar René Gregory.
THE BIRTH AND CHILDHOOD OF JESUS . Rev. John Watson.
THE HOME OF JESUS-NAZARETH.
Professor George Adam Smith.
THE TEACHINGS OF CHRIST IN THE GOSPELS
OF MATTHEW, MARK, AND LUKE. Professor A. B. Bruce.
THE TEACHINGS OF CHRIST IN THE GOSPEL OF
JOHN
Professor Marcus Dods.
THE METHODS OF CHRIST'S PREACHING.
Professor W. C. Wilkinson.
THE CHRIST IN ART
. Professor Rush Rhees.
THE CHRIST IN SONG
Rev. F. W. Gunsaulus.
THE CHRIST IN HISTORY
Principal A. W. Fairbairn.
HELPS FOR THE STUDY OF THE LIFE OF CHRIST.
Professor Shailer Mathews.
OUTLINES OF IMPORTANT ARTICLES RELATING
TO CHRIST
Professor E. W. Votaw.
THE HALL OF "THE CHRIST" AT CHAUTAUQUA.
Bishop John H. Vincent.
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mas number will be sent free to all new subscribers for 1896.
.
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American Journal of Sociology.
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No. 3.
CONTENTS.
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Carroll D. Wright.
II. PRIVATE BUSINESS IS A PUBLIC TRUST.
Albion W. Small.
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Amos G. Warner.
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Lester F. Ward.
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Charles R. Henderson.
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VII. SOCIOLOGY IN ITALY.
Giuseppe Fiamingo.
VIII. CHRISTIAN SOCIOLOGY. II.
Shailer Matheus.
IX. SOCIOLOGY AND PEDAGOGY
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302
[Nov. 16,
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1895.]
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GRAND WINTER CRUISES
BY THE MAGNIFICENT
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OF THE
HAMBURG-AMERICAN LINE.
OR several years past the Hamburg-American Line has arranged excursions at certain
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THE SECOND CRUISE will be by the Twin-Screw Express Steamer COLUMBIA, Cap-
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The Itinerary will include the following ports: Port au Prince (Hayti), Mayaguez (Porto Rico),
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For further particulars, descriptive pamphlet, rates, etc., address
HAMBURG-AMERICAN LINE,
NEW YORK: 37 Broadway.
CHICAGO: 125 La Salle Street.


304
[Nov. 16, 1895.
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[Dec. 1,
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New York: HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers.


1895.]
307
THE DIAL
Little, Brown, & Co.'s New Holiday Books.
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Being an Account of Certain Passages in the Life of $1.25.
Humphrey Huntoon, Esq., sometyme an Officer in “Nothing since our first reading of 'The Marble Faun'
the Colony of Virginia. By Maud WILDER GOOD- has so impressed us with its poetry of thought and feeling."
WIN. 16mp, cloth extra, gilt top, $1.25.
-Congregationalist.
9
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-
Sold by all Booksellers, or will be sent, postpaid, on receipt of price, by
LITTLE, BROWN, & CO., Publishers, No. 254 Washington Street, Boston.


308
[Dec. 1,
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THE CENTURY CO.'S
A Subscription to The Century Magazine. “Never more abreast of the times than
now,” says the New-York Independent. “It never disappoints us," writes the critic of the New-York Times.
The leading magazine feature of the coming year will be a new novel by Mrs. Humphry Ward, author of
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Captain Alfred T. Mahan, Dr. Albert Shaw, and many other well-known writers. The November Century is
the Anniversary Number, celebrating the beginning of the fifty-first volume. December is a great Christmas
issue, containing a complete novelette by Rudyard Kipling, reproductions of twelve of Tissot's famous paint-
ings of the life of Christ, etc. The volume begins with November; $4.00 a year. For $5.00 new subscribers
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part of Professor Sloane's great Life of Napoleon.
a
A Subscription to St. Nicholas. “The king of all publications for boys and girls” begins a
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The Century Dictionary. A gift that will be most welcome to anyone. The great standard ency-
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The Century Cyclopedia of Names. A new and revised edition just issued of this marvelous
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Jungle Books by Rudyard Kipling. The original Jungle Book, now in its twenty-third
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*** Send to The Century Co., Union Square, New York, for a copy of the
“Portrait Catalogue.” Ask to see The Century Co.'s books at the stores.
Sold everywhere or sent by the publishers.


1895.]
309
THE DIAL
CHRISTMAS SUGGESTIONS.
a
Small Books in Exquisite Bindings. A Madeira Party, by Dr. S. Weir Mitchell; full
sheep binding, stamped with rich design, $1.00. The Rivalries of Long and Short Codiac, written and
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A New Cook Book. Mary Ronald's Century Cook Book, containing receipts for dishes adapted to
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In two volumes, cloth, $5.00; half morocco, $10.00; three-quarter levant, $15.00. Abraham Lincoln:
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Washington in Lincoln's Time. Reminiscences of the great War President and of statesmen and politi-
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Charles F. Lummis, Mrs. C. V. Jamison, Oliver Herford, Peter Newell, Walter Camp, Brander Matthews,
Joel Chandler Harris, Tudor Jenks, W. O. Stoddard, Maurice Thompson, Charles E. Carryl, and others.
a
a
*.* Send to The Century Co., Union Square, New York, for a copy of the
“Portrait Catalogue.” Ask to see The Century Co.'s books at the stores,
Sold everywhere or sent by the publishers,


310
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
SELECTIONS FROM THE LIST OF HOLIDAY
PUBLICATIONS ISSUED
ISSUED BY MESSRS.
COPELAND AND DAY. SEASON OF 1895.
The entire effect of the
ARABELLA AND ARAMINTA STORIES. BY GERTRUDE SMITH.
WITH AN INTRODUCTION IN VERSE BY MARY E. WILKINS, AND FIFTEEN FULL-
PAGE PICTURES BY ETHEL REED: Large square octavo, with ornamental cover and end papers,
$2.00. Fifteen copies, ten of which are for sale, printed on Royal Japanese paper especially imported
from Tokio, containing four sets of the plates in colors, on Oriental papers, and extra decorations, by
hand, on the end papers. Folio, bound in Javanese cotton, $25.00.
The most astonishing book of children's nonsense which has been thought of since Edward Lee brought out his charming
volume twenty years ago.
GARRISON TALES FROM TONQUIN. By JAMES O'NEILL. Bound in printed Oriental paper, especially
manufactured for this book. Octavo, $1.25. Thirty-five copies on China paper, bound in Chinan binding, $3.00.
The ground which Mr. O'Neill has broken for the first time is as fresh and unknown as was India before Mr. Kipling
brought it home to us.
MOODY'S LODGING HOUSE, and Other Tenement Sketches. By Alvan F. SANBORN. Octavo,
$1.25.
MEADOW GRASS. A Book of New England Stories. By ALICE BROWN. Third Thousand. Octavo,
cloth, $1.50.
“There is a motion, a light, joyous tread, which gives 'Meadow Grass' a subtle attraction, not to be found, we venture to say, in any other
collection of New England tales. . . It has remained for Miss Brown to enter the same general field-with Mrs. Stowe, Miss Jewett, Mrs. Blosson,
Miss Wilkins, and Mr. Robinson - and without producing a new variety of tale, or scarcely any new character, to use familiar material, and yet
illumine it with a new light. We cannot define it more closely than by saying that the genuine humor which pervades the best of her work is
closely identified with the love of sunshine, of growing things, and the changes of light and shade in the human soul. : :
book is of a natural beauty, springing spontaneously and finding most apt expression. There is a true wildwood flavor, a rusticity, which is
not a more foil to civility." - Atlantic Monthly.
JACQUES DAMOUR, and Other Stories. By EMILE ZOLA. Englished by William FOSTER APTHORP.
Octavo, cloth, $1.25. Twenty copies on China paper, $3.00.
“Mr. Apthorp has translated them superbly-with a frank and intimate sympathy that is almost genius."-New York Commercial Advertiser.
" Jacques Damour' is one of the strongest of Zola's talos, and it is not unlikely that by his short stories he will be best remembered.
I the English volume shows the savage strength of the industrious Frenchman, it also reveals in that most laughable 'Cocqueville Spree' the
humor of the man. . . . The English reader who hitherto has unfortunately only known Zola by the unfavorable reports of those who either can-
not or will not understand him, as he shakes over Mr. Apthorp's sympathetic Englishing, will rub his eyes and say: 'Why, this Zola is, after all,
intensely human.'"- Boston Journal.
"Instantly, if there be a bit of critical sense in any reader, the art, the tremendous compelling power of Zola, seizes the mind, and compols
the flippant provincial estimate of French work as merely Gallic to cease its effort for proëminence."--Boston Transcript.
“With a single stroke of his pen M. Zola gives life and fullness to his characters, of whom all are natural and true to their environment.
The triumph of his art in this respect is not an open question."— Tribune (New York).
THE CHILD IN THE HOUSE. An Imaginary Portrait. By WALTER PATER. Edition limited to 350
copies on hand-made paper. Small octavo, limp, blue paper cover, $1.50.
LOVERS'-SAINT-RUTH'S, and Three Other Tales. By LOUISE IMOGEN GUINEY. Octavo, $1.00.
Thirty copies on China paper, $3.00.
With this volume Miss Guiney makes her first appearance as a writer of fiction.
ESTHER: A Young Man's Tragedy, together with the THE HILLS OF SONG. By CLINTON SCOLLARD. With
Love Sonnets of Proteus. By WILFRID SCAWEN BLUNT. cover designed by ETHEL REED. Octavo, $1.25. Fifty
With borders and initials by BERTRAM GROSVENOR GOOD- copies on Arnold hand-made paper, $3.00.
HUE. Five hundred copies printed on Dutch band-made
THE MAGIC HOUSE, and Other Poems. By
paper. Square octavo, $3,50. Fifty copies on English
XVII. century paper, with rubricated initials, $7.00.
DUNCAN C. Scotr. Octavo, $1.25.
This will be the second in the series of which the “House
DUMB IN JUNE. By RICHARD BURTON. Rubricated,
of Life" by Rossetti was first.
with title-page by W. B. HAPGOOD. 12mo, 75 cts. Thirty-
five copies on Dutch hand-made paper, $2.00.
APPLES OF ISTAKHAR. By WILLIAM LINDSEY.
With a cover designed by BERTRAM GROSVENOR GOOD-
A DORIC REED. By ZITTELLA COCKE. 12mo, 75 cts.
HUE. Square octavo, $1.50. Fifty copies on Dutch hand-
Thirty-five copies on Dutch hand-made paper, $2.00.
made paper, $3.00.
POEMS. By ALICE MEYNELL. Ootavo, $1.50.
LYRICS OF EARTH. By ARCHIBALD LAMPMAN. With SISTER SONGS. By FRANCIS THOMPSON. Companion
a cover designed by WILL H. BRADLEY. Octavo, $1.25. volume to "Poems." Square octavo, green buckram, $1.50.
* Any of the above may be had at all book-stores, or will be sent, post-paid, by the publishers on receipt of price.
COPELAND AND DAY, BOSTON,


1895.]
311
THE DIAL
ELEGANTLY ILLUSTRATED EDITIONS.
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EDMONDO DE AMICIS.
*EDMONDO DE AMICIS,
SPAIN AND THE SPANIARDS.
HOLLAND.
Translated from the Italian by STANLEY R. YARNALL. Translated from the Italian by HELEN ZIMMERN. Beau-
This Edition is made from new electrotype plates, tifully illustrated with 44 photogravures.
and has been very carefully printed. It contains
Cloth, ornamental, in cloth box (with slip
forty-five photogravure illustrations and a map.
covers)
$5 00
Bound in 2 vols., small octavo, gilt tops.
Half calf, gilt top
10 00
Cloth, ornamental, in cloth box (with slip
covers)
$5 00
Half calf, gilt top
10 00 WITS AND BEAUX OF SOCIETY.
Large-paper Edition in 2 vols. 45 photograv-
By GRACE and Philip WHARTON. New Library Edi-
ures on India Paper, mounted, limited to
150 copies :
tion. Beautifully illustrated with 20 photogravures.
10 00
Tastefully bound in 2 vols. Crown 8vo, cloth
extra.
$5 00
LORNA DOONE.
Half calf, gilt top
8 00
A Romance of Exmoor. By R. D. BLACKMORE. This
Edition has been made from entirely new electro-
QUEENS OF SOCIETY.
type plates, and very carefully printed, with 51 pho-
togravure illustrations, bound in 2 vols., small 8vo,
By GRACE and Philip WHARTON. New Library Edi-
with gilt top, back, and side.
tion. Beautifully illustrated with 18 photogravures.
In cloth box (with slip covers)
$6 00 Tastefully bound in 2 vols. Crown 8vo, cloth
Half calf, gilt top
12 00
extra.
$5 00
Large-paper Edition, in 3 vols., limited to
Half calf, gilt top
8 00
250 copies
15 00
HYPERION.
ROMOLA.
By HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW. Beautifully
Florentine Edition. By GEORGE Eliot. Beautifully illustrated with 30 photogravures.
illustrated with 60 photogravures. Tastefully bound
Tastefully bound in 1 vol. Cloth
$3 50
in 2 vols., small 8vo, with slip covers in the Italian
style, in cloth box
8 00
$6 00
Full polished calf, gilt edges .
Half crushed levant, gilt top.
12 00
Fine bindings by Tout of London.
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. TALES FROM SHAKESPEARE.
By Thomas CARLYLE. New Library Edition. Beau- Boydell Edition. By CHARLES and Mary LAMB. Ed-
tifully illustrated with 60 photogravures.
ited with an Introduction by the Rev. ALFRED AIN-
Tastefully bound in 3 vols. Cloth.
$8 00 GER, M.A. Beautifully illustrated with 20 photo-
Half calf, gilt top
15 00
gravures.
Large-paper Edition, limited to 250 copies . 15 00 Tastefully bound in 1 vol. Cloth
$2 50
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NEW JUVENILES BY CELEBRATED AUTHORS.
ELAM STORM, THE WOLFER.
ADRIFT IN THE CITY; OR, Paul Conrad's PLUCKY
THE MISSING POCKET-BOOK, OR, Tom Mason's Fight. By HORATIO ALGER, Jr. Illustrated. 12mo,
Luck. By HARRY CASTLEMON. Illustrated. 12mo,
cloth
. $1 25
cloth, each.
$1 25
UNDER THE RED FLAG. By EDWARD KING.
THE PATH IN THE RAVINE.
Illustrated. 12mo, cloth .
$1 25
THE YOUNG RANCHER. By EDWARD S. ELLIS. ALISON'S ADVENTURES. By Lucy C. LILLIE.
Illustrated. 12mo, cloth, each
$1 25 Illustrated. 12mo, cloth, each .
$1 25
.
.
ENLARGED AND THOROUGHLY REVISED.
THE FIRESIDE ENCYCLOPÆDIA OF POETRY.
Collected and arranged by HENRY T. Coates. Imperial 8vo, cloth extra, gilt sides and edges . $3 50
The remarkable success that has attended the publication of “The Fireside Encyclopædia of Poetry” has
induced the author to thoroughly revise it, and to make it in every way worthy of the high place it has attained.
For sale by all Booksellers, or will be sent, postpaid, upon receipt of the price, by
HENRY T. COATES & CO., Publishers, Philadelphia.


312
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO.'S
CHOICE HOLIDAY BOOKS.
WORKS OF JOHN BURROUGHS.
A beautiful edition of Mr. Burroughs's writings in nine duo-
decimo volumes. Printed on cream-tinted laid paper, and
bound in a simple but artistic style. With several portraits
of Mr. Burroughs and engraved title-pages. Limited to
1,000 sets. Price, cloth, gilt top, $13.50, net, per set; cloth,
paper label, untrimmed, $13.50, net; half calf, gilt top,
$27.00, net.
Lovers of exquisitely made books and lovers of the very engaging
volumes which we owe to the fine observation and the literary skill of
Mr. Burroughs, will heartily welcome this new edition which puts these
treasures of literature into a form so artistic and every way attractive.
A VICTORIAN ANTHOLOGY.
Selections illustrating the Editor's critical review of British
poetry in the reign of Victoria (“Victorian Poets"]. Se-
lected and edited by EDMUND CLARENCE STEDMAN. With
brief biographies of the authors quoted, a fine frontispiece
portrait of Queen Victoria, and a vignette of the Poets'
Corner in Westminster Abbey. Large crown 8vo, bound in
attractive library style, $2.50; full gilt, $3.00; half calf,
$4.50; full levant, $6.00. Large-paper Edition, limited to
250 copies, printed on paper of the best quality. 2 vols.
8vo, $10.00 net.
“Mr. Stedman's Victorian Poets' has deservedly become a stan-
dard, both in England and America, and his present volume takes its
proper place as a companion book, illustrating with delightful and
graphic charm the views of the critic."-Boston Advertiser.
MRS. JAMESON'S WORKS ON ART.
SACRED AND LEGENDARY ART. 2 vols.
LEGENDS OF THE MONASTIC ORDERS.
LEGENDS OF THE MADONNA.
MEMOIRS OF THE EARLY ITALIAN PAINTERS.
Edited by Miss ESTELLE M. HURLL, with a Memoir and Por-
trait of Mrs. Jameson. This will form a very beautiful and
desirable edition of Mrs. Jameson's Art Works. 5 vols.,
octavo, bound in simple but artistic style. Each volume
contains nearly 100 illustrations, selected from the works
of great masters. $3.00 each; the set, $15.00.
CAMBRIDGE BROWNING.
The Complete Poetio and Dramatic Works of Robert Brown-
ing. Cambridge Edition. In one convenient volume, printed
from clear type, on opaque paper, and attractively bound.
With a Biographical Sketch, Notes, Indexes, a fine new
portrait and engraved title-page, and a vignette of Asolo.
Crown 8vo, gilt top, $3.00; half calf, gilt top, $5.00; tree
calf, or full levant, $7.00.
“Within a few weeks a single volume of the works of Robert Brown-
ing has been published at a price within reach of all cultivated people,
which, in size, weight, flexibility of binding, quality of paper, fine, but
readable, type, and artistic finish, has never yet been surpassed by any
other American book for the regular trade."--Boston Herald.
STANDISH OF STANDISH.
By JANE G. Austin, author of " A Nameless Nobleman,"
Betty Alden," etc. With 20 full-page illustrations by
FRANK T. MERRILL. Carefully printed, attractively bouud.
2 vols. 12mo, gilt top, $5.00.
Mrs. Austin's most popular novel of the Pilgrims of the Old Ply-
mouth Colony has been illustrated with fine intelligence and exquisite
skill by Mr. Merrill, and the two handsome volumes are every way
beautiful and attractive.
LAST POEMS OF JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL.
Edited by Professor NORTON. With a fine new portrait and
rubricated title and initials. Printed in artistic style and
exquisitely bound in polished buckram, 12mo, $1.25.
MR. RABBIT AT HOME.
A Sequel to “Little Mr. Thimblefinger and his Queer Coun-
try." By JOEL CHANDLER HARRIS. With 25 capital illus-
trations by OLIVER HERFORD. Square Svo, bound in very
attractive style, $2.00.
OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES.
Complete Poetical Works. Cambridge Edition. Uniform
with the Cambridge Editions of Longfellow and Whittier.
With Biographical Sketch, Notes, Indexes, a Steel Portrait,
and engraved title. Crown 8vo, gilt top, $2.00; half calf,
gilt top, $3.50; tree calf or full levant, $5.50.
THE SONG OF HIAWATHA.
A Popular Holiday Edition of Longfellow's unique Indian
poem, with 22 full-page illustrations by FREDERIC REMING-
TON. Crown 8vo, $2.00.
LATER LYRICS.
Selected from his four latest volumes of poetry, by THOMAS
BAILEY ALDRICH. A gem of a book. 18mo, vellum or
cloth, $1.00.
THE COURTSHIP OF MILES STANDISH.
A beautiful Popular Holiday Edition of Longfellow's famous
Pilgrim poem, with many illustrations by GEORGE H.
BOUGHTON, F.T. MERRILL, and others. Crown 8vo, $1.50.
BALLADS OF BLUE WATER, AND
OTHER POEMS.
Spirited and genuinely lyrical poems by JAMES JEFFERY
ROCHE. 16mo, gilt top, $1.25.
THE MADONNA OF THE TUBS.
New Popular Edition of one of Miss PHELPS's most striking
and touching stories. With illustrations. Uniform with
Mrs. Wiggin's "The Birds' Christmas Carol.” 75 cts.
MRS. STODDARD'S POEMS.
A beautiful volume, printed from type, containing the note-
worthy poems of Mrs. ELIZABETH STODDARD. Crown 8vo,
gilt top, $1.50.
THE SINGING SHEPHERD, AND OTHER
POEMS.
A charming book by ANNIE FIELDS. 16mo, cloth, paper
label, $1.00.
THE WHITTIER YEAR-BOOK.
Passages for Each Day from the Verse and Prose of JOHN
GREENLEAF WHITTIER. A beautiful book, with a fine new
portrait of Whittier. $1.00.
* Sold by all Booksellers. Sent, postpaid, on receipt of price, by
HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS, BOSTON.


1895.]
313
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HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & COMPANY.
BIOGRAPHY AND ESSAYS.
LETTERS OF SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE.
By ERNEST HARTLEY COLERIDGE. With 16 portraits and
other illustrations. 2 vols., 8vo, gilt top, $6.00; half calf,
$10.50.
The Critic of New York says that "no student of Coleridge or of the
romantic period can afford to be without this book."
FICTION
A GENTLEMAN VAGABOND, AND SOME
OTHERS.
By F. HOPKINSON SMITH, author of “Colonel Carter of Car-
tersville." These stories are told in the most entertaining
manner, as all will readily believe who have read Mr.
Smith's other books. 16mo, $1.25; Large Paper Edition, a
gem of book-making, $3.00.
A SINGULAR LIFE.
By ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS, author of “The Gates
Ajar," etc. 16mo, $1.25.
“Miss Phelps's best story. Only a woman of genius, inspired by
an intense sympathy with human needs, could have drawn this vivid
picture of the Gloucester fishermen."--Woman's Journal.
LETTERS OF CELIA THAXTER.
A memorial of the life Mrs. Thaxter led on Appledore in
the charming island garden which she created, and also in
the delightful visits with which she gladdened her friends.
Edited by A. F. and R. L. With 3 portraits. 12mo, gilt
top, $1.50,
TOWNSEND HARRIS, FIRST AMERICAN
ENVOY IN JAPAN.
By WILLIAM E. GRIFFIS, D.D., author of “Japan : In His-
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Japanese history heretofore lacking."-New York Observer,
66
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By Mrs. Wiggin, author of "The Birds' Christmas Carol,”
etc. 16mo, $1.00.
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THE WISE WOMAN.
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THIS GOODLY FRAME THE EARTH.
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RULING IDEAS OF THE PRESENT AGE.
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314
(Dec. 1,
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Personal Recollections of Notable People.
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Life of Hans Christian Andersen.
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Charm and Courtesy in Letter Writing.
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1895.)
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97
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FROM THE MEMOIRS OF A MINISTER
OF FRANCE.
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**
Under the Red Robe," etc. With 36 Illustra-
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THOUGHTS FROM THE WRITINGS OF
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THE ROMANCE OF THE WOODS:
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CONTENTS :- 1. On a Russian Moor.-In Ambush.- Crawfish.-A
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NEW YORK.
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Aberdeen Daily Free Press.
lingford," «
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MR. LANG'S CHRISTMAS BOOKS, 1895.
THE RED TRUE STORY BOOK.
Edited by ANDREW LANG. With 19 full-page and 81 other
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* This volume is uniform with and in continuation of Messrs. Long-
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MY OWN FAIRY BOOK.
By_ ANDREW LANG. With many Illustrations by Gordon
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gilt edges, $2.00.
CONTENTS : Prince Prigio.-Prince Ricardo.— The Gold of Faimilee.
LONGMANS, GREEN, & CO., Publishers, 15 East 16th St., NEW YORK.


316
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY'S
IMPORTANT HOLIDAY PUBLICATIONS.
LITERARY SHRINES.
A LITERARY PILORIMAGE
The Haunts of Some Famous American Authors. By Theo- Among the Haunts of Famous British Authors. By THEO-
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CERVANTES.
The History of the Valorous and Witty Knight-Errant, Don
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of Shakespeare."
NAPOLEON'S LAST VOYAGES.
Being the Diaries of Admiral Sir Thomas Ussher, R.N.,
K.C.B. (on board the “Undaunted"), and John R. Glover,
Secretary to Rear Admiral Cockburn (on board the North-
umberland"). With explanatory notes and illastrations.
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“Altogether the volume, which contains several portraits of Napo
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THE COMPLETE WORKS OF CHARLES LAMB.
Edited, with notes, by PERCY FITZGERALD. A new edition,
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This new edition is very carefully edited with copious notes by Mr.
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THE EVERGREEN.
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FROM MANASSAS TO APPOMATTOX.
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Stonewall" Jackson the martyr on the field.
THE COMPLETE WORKS OF EDGAR
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FIGURE DRAWING AND COMPOSITION.
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TURNING ON THE LIGHT.
A Dispassionate Survey of President Buchanan's Adminis-
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THE WONDERS OF MODERN MECHANISM.
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1895.]
317
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THE SORROWS OF SATAN;
Or, the Strange Experience of one Geoffrey Tempest, Millionaire.
A Romance. By MARIE CORELLI, author of "Barabbas," "The Soul of Lilith," "Ardath," Thelma,"
" “Vendetta."
With frontispiece. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
The announcement of a new novel from the pen of Marie Corelli may easily be termed the most important of the present
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79
A LAST CENTURY MAID.
A Juvenile by ANNE H. WHARTON, author of "Through
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A NEW ALICE IN THE OLD WONDERLAND.
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A WEDDING, AND OTHER STORIES.
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TROOPER ROSS, AND SIGNAL BUTTE.
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Captain King has for many years been the delight of thousands of readers who enjoy a lively story of army life and
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with
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318
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
SOME NOTABLE HOLIDAY BOOKS.
THE SCOTTISH CHIEFS.
By JANE PORTER. Two vols., 12mo, cloth, gilt top, illus-
trated, $3.00; white back, fancy paper sides, $3.00; half
calf, gilt top, $6.00.
For a century Miss Porter's “Scottish Chiefs" has been the delight
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spire in the young a love for the study of the past. The illustrations
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THE COMPLETE POETICAL WORKS OF
THOMAS MOORE.
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Tom Moore's exquisite sense of rhythm, his genuine warm Irish
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printed from the author's own original ten-volume edition of 1841.
BEAUTIES OF SHAKESPEARE.
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tions. Two vols., 16mo, gilt top, with photogravure fron-
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Dr. Dodd's work has been from the beginning a book of great popu-
larity. It is now published in new and elegant form from new plates ;
the text has been carefully compared with that of the Globe Edition,
many additional passages have been interpolated, and no pains have
been spared to make it a perfect anthology.
KEATS'S POETICAL WORKS.
With Biographical Sketch by N. H. DOLE. Notes, appen-
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ure portraits and original drawings. Two vols., 12mo,
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top, $3.00; half calf, gilt top, $6.00.
The text of the present edition is a reprint of the latest Buxton-
Forman edition. It contains every line of verse that, so far as is known,
ever proceeded from Keats's pen. Portraits, facsimiles, and other in-
teresting illustrations add to its value.
THE WANDERING JEW.
By EUGENE SUE. With 18 full-page illustrations, including
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gilt top, $3.00; half calf, gilt top, $6.00.
The present edition of Eugene Sue's world-famous romance is printed
from now plates made from the original Chapman & Hall edition, by
far the best of any extant translation. This romance still holds its own
as one of the immortal masterpieces of French literature.
THE COUNT OF MONTE CRISTO.
By ALEXANDRE DUMAS. Complete and accurate translation.
Printed from new plates on fine paper. With 18 new illus-
trations by Frank T. Merrill. Photogravure frontispieces.
Two vols., 12mo, cloth, gilt top, $3.00; white back, gilt top,
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BEAUTIFUL HOUSES.
By Louis H. Gibson. With over 200 illustrations. One vol.,
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Since the publication of his “Convenient Houses" Mr. Gibson has
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SHAKESPEARE'S HEROINES ON THE
STAGE.
By CHARLES E. L. WINGATE, Managing Editor of the Boston
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interesting phases.
EKKEHARD.
A Tale of the Tenth Century. By JOSEPH VICTOR VON
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ical novels. Nearly 150 editions have been published. The translation
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THE THREE MUSKETEERS.
By ALEXANDRE DUMAS. With new introduction by his son,
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THE FAIENCE VIOLIN.
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L'AVRIL.
(Uniform in style and price with “The Faience Violin.")
Translated from the French of Paul Margueritte by HELEN
B. DOLE.
Paul Margueritte is a well-known French artist. The scene is laid
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BOSWELL'S LIFE OF JOHNSON.
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fine paper,
1
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BOSTON: 100 Purchase Street.


1895.]
319
THE DIAL
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1
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820
[Dec. 1, 1895.
THE DIAL
BOOKS FOR THE HOLIDAYS.
The Natural History of Selborne,
The Presidents of the United States,
And Observations on Nature. By GILBERT WHITE. With 1789-1894. By John FISKE, CARL SCHURZ, WILLIAM E.
an Introduction by JOHN BURROUGHS, 80 Illustrations by RUSSELL, DANIEL C. GILMAN, WILLIAM WALTER PHELPS,
Clifton Johnson, and the Text and New Letters of the ROBERT C. WINTHROP, GEORGE BANCROFT, JOHN HAY,
Buckland Edition. In 2 vols. 12mo, cloth, $4.00.
and Others. Edited by JAMES GRANT WILSON. With 23
Steel Portraits, facsimile Letters, and other Illustrations.
Uncle Remus.
8vo, 526 pages, cloth, gilt top, uncut edges, $3.50; half
His Songs and his Sayings. By JOEL CHANDLER HARRIS. calf, extra, $6.00.
New and revised edition, with 112 Illustrations by A. B.
Frost. 12mo, cloth, $2.00.
A History of the United States Navy,
From 1775 to 1894. By EDGAR STANTON MACLAY, A.M.
Annals of Westminster Abbey.
With Technical Revision by Lieut. Roy C. SMITH, U.S. N.
By E. T. BRADLEY (Mrs. A. Murray Smith). With 150 Dlus- With numerous Maps, Diagrams, and Illustrations. In 2
trations by H. M. Paget and W. Hatherell, a Preface by vols. 8vo, cloth, $7.00.
Dean Bradley, and a chapter on the Abbey Buildings, by
J. P. Micklethwaite. Royal 4to, cloth, $15.00.
Songs of the Soil.
By FRANK L. STANTON. With a Preface by JOEL CHANDLER
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The Three Musketeers.
Schools and Masters of Sculpture.
By ALEXANDRE Dumas. With a Letter from Alexandre
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By Miss A. G. RADCLIFFE, author of “Schools and Masters
vols. 8yo, cloth, $4.00.
of Painting.” With 35 full-page Illustrations. 12mo, cloth,
$3.00.
The Stark Munro Letters.
In the Track of the Sun.
By A. CONAN DOYLE, author of " Round the Red Lamp," Readings from the Diary of a Globe Trotter. By F. D. THOMP-
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Engravings from Photo-
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graphs and from Drawings by Harry Fenn. Large 8vo,
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The Story of the Indian.
By GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, author of "Pawnee Hero
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Stories,
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SEGUR. 12mo, cloth, $2.00.
The Chronicles of Count Antonio.
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by S. W. Van Schaick. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
104 full-page Illustrations. 8vo, cloth, $5.00.
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Brief Biographies, of the highest order of excellence, of dis-
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A Love Story. By S. R. CROCKETT, author of "The Stickit
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The Intellectual Rise of Electricity.
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The Land of the Sun.
The Gods, Some Mortals, and Lord
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THE DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
No. 227.
DECEMBER 1, 1895.
Vol. XIX.
CONTENTS - Continued,
Mysore.-
Russan's and Boyle's Through Forest and
Plain. - Ker's The Wizard King. - Miss Morrison's
Chilhowee Boys in War-Time.- Marryat's Midship-
man Easy, Malta edition.-Munroe's Snow Shoes and
Sledges. - Munroe's At War with Pontiac, — Oliver
Optic's Half Round the World.- Brooks's A Boy of
the First Empire. — Goss's Jack Alden. - King's
Under the Red Flag.- Ward's A Dash to the Pole.
Fenn's Cormorant Crag. - Bloundelle - Burton's
The Desert Ship.-O'Grady's The Chain of Gold.-
Pendleton's In the Okefenokee. – Whishaw's Boris
the Bear-Hunter.-Holmes's Hugh Melville's Quest.
Allen's The Mammoth Hunters. - Ellis's The
Young Ranchers.-Miss Pollard's
Roger the Ranger.
-Oxley's My Strange Rescue.- Scherren's
Popular
History of Animals. — Graham's Country Pastimes
for Boys.- Montorguiel's Three Apprentices of Moon
Street.-Trowbridge's The Lottery Ticket.-Thomp-
son's The Ocala Boy. – Mrs. Ray's Half a Dozen
Boys. - Thompson's The Nimble Dollar.- Talbot's
The Impostor.
LITERARY NOTES
344
O
.
.
.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
• 345
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS
319
.
CONTENTS.
PAOL
WAGNER IN CHICAGO.
321
IN GRATITUDE TO PROFESSOR BOYESEN.
George Merriam Hyde
323
COMMUNICATION .
324
The Obstacles to Individuality in Teaching. Anna
Lemira Moore.
SHERMAN'S AUTOBIOGRAPHY. George W. Julian 325
STUDIES OF BIRD LIFE. Sara A. Hubbard . . . 329
Elliot's North American Shore Birds. — Hudson's
British Birds.—Van Dyke's Game Birds at Home.
LIFE OF THE PRINCE OF ORANGE. Charles H.
Cooper .
331
PHENOMENA AND PROBLEMS OF SOCIETY.
C. R. Henderson
331
Bascom's Social Theory. - Mayo-Smith's Statistics
and Sociology.-Kelly's Evolution and Effort.-Hol-
land's A Lent in London.- Dyer's The Evolution of
Industry.- Nitti's Catholic Socialism.- Drage's The
Problem of the Aged Poor.-Cummings's Poor-Laws
of Massachusetts and New York. Von Halle's
Trusts.- International Congress of Charities.
HOLIDAY PUBLICATIONS, I.. ...
335
The Abbey Shakespeare.-
Garrett's Victorian Songs.
Cole's Old Dutch and Flemish Masters.— Bell's
Masterpieces of Great Artists.- Pulitzer's The Ro-
mance of Prince Eugène.- Birket-Foster's Pictures
of Rustic Landscape.- Irving's Tales of a Traveller,
Buckthorne edition.- White's Natural History of
Selbourne.- Mrs. Austin's Standish of Standish.-
Longfellow's Hiawatha.- Longfellow's The Court-
ship of Miles Standish.-Harris's Uncle Remus.-
Page's Unc'
Edinburg: - Goldsmith's She Stoops to
Conquer.- Reade's Christie Johnstone.- Sue's The
Wandering Jew.- Crawford's Constantinople.- Ed-
wards's The Rivalries of Long and Short Codiac.-
Mitchell's
A Madeira Party.-Nadal's Notes of a Pro-
fessional Exile.— Baring-Gould's Book of Nursery
Songs and Rhymes.— Zola's A Love Episode:--Dau-
det's La Belle Nivernaise. -Chip's
Dogs.-Chip's Old
Wood Cuts.-Dodd's Beauties of Shakespeare.
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG, I.
339
Kipling's The Second Jungle Book.-- Harris's Mr.
Rabbit at Home. - Pyle's The Garden Behind the
Moon.-Dixon's More Fairy Tales from the Arabian
Nights.- Mrs. Richards's A New Alice in the Old
Wonderland.-Mrs. Yale's Nim and Cum.-The Sil-
ver Fairy Book.- Stern's Chris and the Wonderful
Lamp.-Shattuck's The Keeper of the Salamander's
Order. – Tait's Wayne and his Friends. — Miss
O'Neill's The Elf - Errant. Cox's The Brownies
Through the Union.- The Banbury Cross Series.-
Baring - Gould's Old English Fairy Tales. — Miss
Compton's Snowbird and the Water Tiger. — De
Amicis' Cuore. - Tomlins's The Child's Garden of
Song.-Mrs. Burnett's Two Little Pilgrims' Progress.
- Lodge's and Roosevelt's Hero
Tales from Ameri-
can History:- Thayer's Turning Points in Successful
Careers. – Mrs. Bolton's Famous Leaders Among
Women.
Church's Roman Life in the Days of
Cicero. — Church's Stories from Virgil. - Baldwin's
The Horse Fair. — Pyle's Jack Ballister's Fortunes.
Henty's Through Russian Snows. - Henty's A
Knight of the White Cross. – Honty's The Tiger of
WAGNER IN CHICAGO.
The two weeks' season of German opera,
under the effective leadership of Mr. Walter
Damrosch, just ended in Chicago, has been
peculiarly satisfying to lovers of music, both
on account of the even excellence of the whole
series of performances, and because of the evi-
dence it has supplied of a genuine public taste
for the greatest masterpieces of the lyric stage.
The performances have mainly been devoted
to the works of Richard Wagner, the only
non-Wagnerian productions having been the
“ Freischütz” of Weber, and the “Fidelio"
of Beethoven - two oporas so closely akin to
“ Tristan” and “ Die Walküre" that the as-
sociation was both fit and salutary. The au-
diences have been large and appreciative, dis-
playing a subdued but stern enthusiasm as far
as possible removed from the noisy ebullition
of feeling usually evoked by works of the bar-
rel-organ type. The best evidence that the
performances have been taken as seriously as
they deserve is to be found in the fact that
large numbers of people have sought to prepare
themselves for the works by some preliminary
study of their structure. Not only have the
expository morning lectures of Mr. Damrosch
attracted crowds of listeners, but a number of
local musicians as well have addressed large
audiences of students eager to equip themselves


322
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
with the knowledge necessary for a comprehen- as a first instalment of the Nibelungen tetral-
sion of the interwoven harmonies of the “ Nib- ogy. At about this time the late Dr. Damrosch
elungen” tetralogy.
gave us the first performance of the “ Parsi-
Of course the Philistine, after the manner fal” Vorspiel. Not long after, the entire series
of his kind, jeers at this sort of thing, as he of the “Ring der Nibelungen ” was given, and
would jeer at anyone who should attend a course this work was soon followed by the “ Meister-
of lectures on Shakespeare in anticipation of a singer
singer van Nürnberg.” “ Tristan and Isolde”
season of Mr. Irving, or as he has recently been had its first production in Chicago in the spring
jeering, in his favorite role of newspaper critic of the present year, and completed the list of
of music, at the extremely helpful analytical the Wagnerian music-dramas, with the single
programmes this year for the first time pro- exception of “ Parsifal,” which, we need hardly
vided for the concerts of the Chicago Orchestra. say, has not yet been given (as a stage per-
In his view, works of dramatic and musical art formance) anywhere in America. And during
are for the amusement of mankind, not for their all these years, Mr. Thomas has so persistently
instruction or ethical discipline, and, in the included Wagnerian selections in his orchestral
depths of his vulgar ignorance, he resents as a programmes that many of them have become
personal affront the suggestion that they may as familiar as were the “ William Tell” and
have for others any deeper meaning than they
“ Freischütz" overtures in the old pre-Wag-
have for him. As a monumental illustration nerian days.
of the incapacity of such critics, we may in. The importance of the educational work done
stance the argument, which we have come in this direction by our veteran conductor can
across more than once in the public print, that hardly be over-estimated. He has done more
“ Die Walküre” is to be condemned upon than anyone else to make the music of the fu-
moral grounds because it depicts the love of ture the music of the present, to confound the
Siegmund and Sieglinde. One might say to rage of the heathen, and to confute the vain
such a critic, “I thank thee, Jew, for teaching imaginings of old-fogyism. We understand
me that word,” for at least it consigns Wagner that it has always been rather against the per-
and Æschylus to a common infamy, and the sonal inclinations of Mr. Thomas that he has
most fervent apostle of the German composer given so disproportionate an amount of atten-
would hardly venture, unprompted, to pedestaltion to the works of a single modern composer,
him beside the Greek tragic poet. The inep- that he would much have preferred to play
titude which makes possible such an amazing
Beethoven and Mozart, but that be at first rec-
verdict as we have above recorded does not, of ognized the necessity of combating the strength
course, deserve serious notice, but it does excite of ignorant anti-Wagnerian prejudice, and af-
some curiosity to feel the bumps of the man terwards found that so irresistible a popular
who was capable of expressing such an opinion. demand for Wagner had been created in the
The history of Wagnerian music in Chicago music-loving public of this city that he could not
covers a score of
years.
It is difficult now to do otherwise than satisfy it, seeing that the de-
think of the “ Tannhäuser” overture and the mand had been so largely of his own creating. A
“Lohengrin” nuptial chorus as novelties, but word should also be said of the work done dur-
a quarter of a century ago it required confi- ing these years by the most influential and schol-
dence and even daring to include them in a arly musical critic in Chicago. Mr. Upton's
popular concert programme. Mr. Thomas, long and honorable connection with journalism
fortunately, was equal to the occasion, and his in this city has been noteworthy in many ways,
Wagnerian propaganda was begun in Chicago but in none more so than in the zeal and sym-
with two or three numbers of this sort as long pathy which it has brought to all the attempts
ago as before the Great Fire, of which we read made by Mr. Thomas and others to make of
in our ancient history. It was a little over the music of Richard Wagner an integral and
twenty years ago that the first performance of intimate part of the musical consciousness of
a Wagner opera was heard in Chicago. The Chicago audiences.
work was “ Lohengrin," and Madame Albani Those of us who have been watching for years
sang the part of the heroine. Two or three - sometimes hopefully, sometimes despond-
years later came the “Dutchman," with Missently, and always eagerly-for signs of the de-
Kellogg in the character of Senta. “Tann- velopment of this great city upon its spiritual
häuser came next, then “Rienzi.” About a side have derived more satisfaction from the
dozen years ago Chicago got “ Die Walküre " progress of musical culture than from any other
وز


1895.]
323
THE DIAL
single source. While painting and sculpture young educated men, who had done the very thing that you
and architecture have at times seemed to be
propose to do, that I cannot refrain from warning yon.
In 1880 I gave up my Cornell professorship for the very
making no headway at all, while educational same reason that you adduce; and I was very glad to resumo
and literary ideals have lagged far behind the
the professorial harness at Columbia in 1881, and I have never
march of material prosperity, while
true civic sing
since contemplated the possibility of getting rid of it.
Will you permit me to call your attention to a short story
feeling has seemed to be forgotten in the of mine called “Liberty's Victim" (in the volume, “Vaga-
all-absorbing passion for money-getting, the
bond Tales"), which preaches a pointed practical moral on
this subject. I remain, with kind regards and good wishes,
growth of culture in music, the most ideal of
very sincerely yours,
H. H. BOYESEN.
the arts, has been gratifying in the extreme.
With his usual frankness and cordiality, he here re-
At the present day, music is probably the larg-
ferred “Nicodemus” to a story (the volume underlined,
est factor in the spiritual life of this commun- N. laughingly insists upon my mentioning, in an en-
ity, and few communities anywhere offer such closed price-list of his “ works”) of dismally blighted
opportunities for musical culture. The most literary hopes, which he wrote presumably after he had
important serious musical review published in
experimented with hack-work as a sole means of sup-
port, and had known its trials. Not so, however. “Vag-
America is produced in Chicago; one of the abond Tales," which were published in 1889, were writ-
three or four best orchestras in the world may ten, Mr. Barry informs us, while Boyesen was yet pro-
be heard here in weekly concerts ; the two
fessor at Cornell; so that “Liberty's Victim,” if indeed
great operatic organizations that occupy the
we do not entirely mistake its personal ring, proceeded
from anxious anticipation, not the actual experiment, of
field this year give Chicago a large share of burning his ships behind him. Voilà. He expected
their attention; we are having more good cham- a novice to profit from advice he had once given him-
ber music than ever before, the great soloists self and refused to follow. " Though Nestor swear the
of the concert-stage all find here a cordial wel-
cordial wel. jest be laughable,” as he must have done on the occa-
come, while one of them, at least, makes this
sion in question, it does not detract from the sanity
and wholesomeness of his judgment, in helping young
city her home; and when we look beyond these
men to find themselves. It only proves that he knew
conspicuous features of our musical life, into the futility of all advice ; opus est, enim, ad notitiam sui,
the work of the societies, and the schools, and experimento. Nor could he have overlooked the fine
humor of the situation.
the private teachers with their individual fol.
As advice goes, however, whole oceans of which va-
lowing, we find an activity that is more than
porize into nothing, Professor Boyesen's to young men
hopeful, a state of things that comes near to was uncommonly potential, because it was generally the
realizing the best that it is reasonable to ex- outgrowth of experience rather than observation. In
pect of any American community, a fermentive his childhood he was prompted by an inordinate curi-
influence at work that is leavening for good osity to put his finger into a lawn-mower, to see how it
worked. When he, in turn, transmitted to his own boys
the whole heterogenous human mass.
the parental injunction, “ Don't get caught in the ma-
chinery,” blue eyes and flaxen curls must have reluc-
tantly acquiesced. He left many nuts, too, for boys of
the quill to crack. The literary novice may
well
pon-
IN GRATITUDE TO PROFESSOR BOYESEN. der the facts of Professor Boyesen's Sturm und Drang
The late Professor Boyesen, like most persons of in-
period.
Frankness was the atmosphere of his life. Yet he
terest, was a bundle of contradictions; and to estimate
was rarely blunt or curt, nor did he
appear
to
carry
his
his influence, or even trace his manner of thought, one
heart on his sleeve. That he was self-sufficient, and
must begin and end with the cherished notion that in-
transmuted his wide observations into a microcosm of
consistency, not consistency, is the proverbial jewel, if
his own, denotes virility, not egotism. He lived his own
indeed the latter is not a bugbear of weak minds. An
illustration of his delightfully human obliquity, and at
life, in the Goethean, not the Emersonian, sense, assi-
the same time perhaps of his childlike naïveté, is afforded
milating vitalizing materials from each new environ-
ment. He was self-centred, as every artist must be,
by the circumstances of the following letter, confided to
yet not insulated. He followed the shrewd counsel
me by a young man who was at the crossways of jour, dropped by the Merry-Andrew in the prelude of Faust:
nalism and teaching when recently he sought the genial
professor's advice. It is a dilemma so frequently con-
“Reach deep and widely into human life,
fronting college-bred men of literary tastes, and Pro-
Every one lives it, few know it,'
fessor Boyesen's words are so pertinent and character- and found, to judge from his tireless enthusiasm,
istic, that I venture, with “ Nicodemus's " permission, to “Wherever you put in your trowel, there it is interesting."
reproduce them.
He projected bis life on a large scale; and why not,
NEW YORK, May 29, 1894.
MY DEAR MR.
when his zest for living was so keen? In 1889, his
... Will you pardon me if I say that I think you are very
forty-first year, he published an essay on the “ Meridian
sanguine, and take rather unwarrantable risks, in giving up a
of Life," striking a mock-elegiac strain. “There is a
safe and sure position as a teacher for the very uncertain touch of exquisitely cruel regret,” he said, “in the
chance of making a success in journalism, at a time when thero thought that I am henceforth no more to be numbered
are a hundred applicants (80 often very able ones) for every among that happy throng to whom folly is becoming
position. I have seen so much misery this winter among and permissible." Then he quoted Browning:
8


324
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
,
“Grow old along with me!
COMMUNICATION.
The best is yet to be,
The last of life for which the first was made."
THE OBSTACLES TO INDIVIDUALITY IN
Cheerily hoping the full human allotment of years, at
TEACHING.
the half-way point he could talk exuberantly of the
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
compensations of middle-life.
As a reader who for many years has tried to be a
Few men could so engage the popular attention with teacher in the highest sense of the word, and one who
the exposition of their own daily emotions. This very has had experience in the schools of several states, I
note of frankness, his willingness to be subjectively wish to express the gratitude that all teachers must feel
committal, was a barrier to preëminent success in story- for the recognition so ably accorded by The Dial of the
telling. As he confessed, he wrote his stories with his influence of Individualism in teaching, and its plea for
“ heart-blood." They read so. One feels that, with the wider scope in that direction. I firmly believe, how-
possible exception of “Gunnar,” his one romance, they ever, that the average superintendent and board of
are too individualistic, we had almost said too personal, education are not onl willing to allow, but wish to en-
too roughly distilled in the alembic of his imagination. courage, capable teachers to exert their individuality.
Like most men of affairs, he could not get far enough The trouble is that there are so few teachers who are
the
truest sense, mirror nature. The essay and discussion, not the teachers or the superintendents, are usually to
rather, were bis forte. When editor of “ Framerd” in blame.
Chicago, in those early courageous days, he devoted Owing to many things, chiefly the foreign influx and
himself “chiefly to denouncing denominational schools the mania of foreigners for placing their daughters
among the Norwegians,” in which “crusade” he took above manual work, and above all the despicable poli-
“a great deal of pleasure.” He was a born controver- tical spoils system, there has been a lamentable defi-
sialist, who loved to startle his opponents by occasion- ciency in the quality of teachers, at least below the
ally overstating his position, a species of criticism which, high school. The scholarship requirements have been
however entertaining, never fails to rouse sympathy for of
such a nature that any person with an average in-
the cause against which one is pleading. Call Professor tellect could learn the necessary facts for examination
Boyesen “sensational," "cynical," if you will: by his and certificate purposes.
Given a certificate and a
pleasing sophistries he often helped others, on the re- “political pull," and the rest has been easy.
bound, to find truth; and he was never, never stupid. Under existing conditions, how can persons of marked
His “Commentary on Ibsen,” which, one might imagine individuality be expected to choose the profession of
from its name, would be loaded down with exegetical teaching, or to remain in it? No teacher can retain
minutiæ, is as readable as the happy little bundle of es- self-respect who is continually hampered by the trials
says entitled “Social Silhouettes." True, one may take incident to frequent changes, or whose salary is inade-
exception to some portion of everything he wrote. He quate to maintain herself and insure the means of in-
dealt inadequately, perhaps, with the ethics of Robert
creasing her general and special culture. In most of
Browning, and he characterized Messrs. Crawford and the states, the teacher below the high school rarely re-
Weyman as “mere purveyors of amusement. But this ceives, outside the largest cities, a higher salary than
is simply saying that he had the defects of his qualities, $450 a year, and it is more often $360. If she is self-
among which were an intense interest in every social supporting, her living expenses will exhaust at least
and literary problem; his contemporaneity; and a Ma- $270 for the school year, clothing will consume (in-
caulayan love of warm color and startling paradox. | cluding shoes, gloves, and hats) another $100; travel-
That he could daily rise so heroically above the “drudg- ling expenses, books and periodicals (and if she is re-
ery of the desk's dead wood ” (I sometimes think Lamb
quired to attend teachers' institutes this amount will be
by these words characterized the recitation-room as well inadequate), $50. Although these are very low esti-
as he did the counting-house), and, between lectures at mates, and no provision has been made for incidentals,
Columbia, turn out, in wondrous succession and with $420 is needed to cover them. How shall the teacher
apparent ease, essays, translations, poems, causerie, and plan who receives but the $360 as salary, and must
even stories, crudely realistic as they may be, evinces live through the vacations ? How can the teacher,
a rare versatility and fecundity.
however high her ideals, however fitted she may be for
Amidst all this activity, wearing ever so lightly the social pleasures and mental improvement, avail herself
“professorial harness," he was glad to see his friends, of the opportunities that may offer if any extra expense
and even the chance visitor who had a congenial errand. is entailed in the way of dress, books, or tickets ? Is
He was of kind service to many, especially of a younger not the young woman who has a good home and good
generation, in admitting them to his refreshing com- education, but finds a little extra money desirable for
panionship,— just as he had himself been inspired by dress or the future trousseau, the real enemy of the ideal
personal contact with Turgenieff, Ibsen, and Björnsen. teacher? This young woman does not expect to make
He would smilingly end his work, and show you teaching a life-work, hence she lowers the standard of
his rare editions of « Faust," or of old Norse Sagas, ac- the profession. Her father, perhaps, holds political in-
cording to your taste, with a running commentary of fluence in the district, and says, “ What is the use of
gossip and reminiscence, which, for fluency and good sending away for a teacher ? My daughter will take
cheer, equalled any of his writings. On the wall facing the school for less money than a stranger." This is
his desk at Columbia were pinned as many as a hundred especially true in rural schools. As objectionable as is
pictures of literary folk, from magazines and periodi- the habit of text-book reliance, I believe most sensible
cals. To his American and European contemporaries people would prefer to have such teachers bound to it
he would point with an amused air, saying he could rather than to exercise their individuality on their
work better, “compassed about with so great a cloud of children.
ANNA LEMIRA MOORE.
witnesses."
GEORGE MERRIAM HYDE. Madison, Wis., Nov. 23, 1895.


1895.]
325
THE DIAL
-
--
-
-
which was allowed him in the fall of 1838, he
The New Books.
purchased a barge, and undertook the shipment
of salt and other commodities to Cincinnati ag
SHERMAN'S AUTOBIOGRAPHY.* a speculation, but the unexpected delay caused
The two ponderous volumes of John Sher by the low water in the Ohio made the venture
a losing one. In the election of this year the
man's autobiography are before us. The bur-
Democrats were successful, and a change in
den of the work is a very skilful and elaborate
the board of public works deprived young Sher-
presentation of Mr. Sherman's leadership in
man of his position. In the following year he
dealing with the finances of the Government
determined to study law, and in 1840 entered
during his extended public service; but other
upon his studies in Mansfield ; but as he could
questions of interest receive due attention, and
not be admitted to practice till he was twenty-
the reader is thus abundantly supplied with the
one, he managed in the mean time to support
material for a just estimate of the man.
himself by such odd jobs of miscellaneous busi-
Mr. Sherman was one of eleven children,
ness as fell in his way, without seriously neglect-
and was born at Lancaster, Ohio, on the 10th
day of May, 1823. A particular account of ing his studies. He was admitted to the bar in
his ancestors is given in his first chapter, but 1844, soon after he became of age, and entered
into a prosperous business as the equal part-
he says he cannot claim for them superior rank
ner of his brother Charles. In this year he
or wealth or ability, but that they were men of
useful and honorable lives, of untarnished rep- speech for Henry Clay. He was a Whig by
cast his first vote, and made his first political
utation, thorough republicans in the best sense
inheritance and association, and he tells us that
of that word, and always for their country in
at this time he had but two definite ideas about
every contest for the right. In dealing with
politics : a hearty belief in the doctrine of
pro-
his school days and early life, Mr. Sherman is
tection to American industries, and a strong
singularly frank. He says he was regarded
as a wild reckless boy and eager to fight, and prejudice against the Democratic party.
that he frequently quarrelled and fought with
On the slavery question the attitude of Mr.
Sherman as a great Republican leader natur-
one of his schoolmates. He had numerous
ally awakens a peculiar interest. No man had
controversies with his teachers, and was son
less sympathy with abolitionism. By nature
times punished with the ferrule and the switch.
He was often more or less intoxicated, and in
he was unimpassioned and conservative. The
moral bearings of slavery gave him no concern.
one instance excessively so, and was twice ex-
In 1848, when men of eminence from all other
pelled from school for inexcusable misconduct.
parties joined in forming a new one to prevent
In his early school days, however, first at Mt.
the spread of slavery over our national terri-
Vernon and afterwards at Lancaster, he made
tories, the movement had no significance for
considerable progress in his studies, especially Mr. Sherman, who contentedly remained in the
in mathematics, and at the age of thirteen he
Whig party, and became a delegate to the
began to develop his thrifty disposition. “If
national convention which voted down the Wil-
fortunes could be made by others," said he,
mot Proviso and nominated for the Presidency
why could I not make one? I wished I was
a large slave-owner who was perfectly accept-
a man. It began to appear to me that I could
able to the South. In 1850, when Congress
not wait to go through college. What were
Latin and Greek to me, when they would delay Northern States by a compromise which aban-
balked this great uprising of the people of the
me in making a fortune ?” Prompted by these
doned the Wilmot Proviso, and thus invited
feelings he succeeded, through the influence of
his brother Charles, in getting the position of
the repeal of the Missouri restriction which
rodman under the chief engineer in charge approval to this betrayal of a great cause. In
followed, Mr. Sherman gave his unhesitating
of the improvement of the Muskingum river.
He was then only fourteen, but proved equal joined hands in solemnly pledging themselves
1852, when the Whig and Democratic parties
to his duties, and after the survey was com-
pleted he was entrusted with the supervision of
to oppose the further discussion of the slavery
a portion of the work. During the vacation
question, in Congress or out of Congress, when-
ever, wherever, or however such discussion
RECOLLECTIONS OF FORTY YEARS
IN THE HOUSE, SEN might be attempted, and under whatever shape
ATE, AND CABINET. An Autobiography. By John Sherman,
In two volumes. (Sold by subscription only.) Chicago :
or color the attempt might be made, Mr. Sher-
The Werner Company.
man heartily indorsed these pledges, was a dele-
e-


326
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
gate to the national convention which nominated finally stated that he signed it by proxy, but
General Scott, and an elector of his party. He that he knew nothing of the contents of the
always declared himself opposed to the aboli- book; and he disclaimed any right on the part
tion of slavery in the District of Columbia, of the people of the Free States to meddle with
though always conceding the power of Con- the relation of master and slave in the South.
gress to do it; and when the events of the war This disclaimer was repeated and gratuitously
brought the question to the front in 1862 he reiterated during the protracted debate which
voted for the measure because it would add to followed ; and he made the remarkable state-
the value of the property of the District and ment that at the beginning of that session of
increase its population. The right of the ne- Congress he did not believe the question of slav-
groes to their liberty seems not to have entered ery would come up, and that but for Brown's
his thoughts. It is true that in 1854, when raid at Harper's Ferry there would have been
he was first elected to Congress by the Whigs no feeling on the subject. In his mental be-
and Know-Nothings of his district, he opposed wilderment he seems to have forgotten that the
the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, and repeal of the Missouri Compromise, the bloody
afterwards demanded its restoration ; but so outrages in Kansas, and the brutal assault upon
did thousands of conservatives like himself Charles Sumner, had created a commotion of
who were shocked by this attempt to remove which the affair at Harper's Ferry was a mere
an ancient landmark and renew the agitation incident. His labors as a peace-maker were
that had been quieted by the final settlement utterly thrown away.
utterly thrown away. It was this spirit of
of 1850. To oppose the repeal of the Missouri conciliation in the presence of turbulence and
Compromise as the violation of a solemn com- threats which called forth the stinging rebuke
pact, was one thing ; but to oppose it as a cold- of Northern members, by Thaddeus Stevens,
blooded conspiracy for the spread of slavery for cowering before the studied bluster of the
over the continent was another and totally dif- Southern leaders.
ferent thing.
But in justice to Mr. Sherman it should be
That Mr. Sherman's opposition to slavery remembered that he rendered invaluable ser- .
was not inspired by conviction, but grounded vice in the struggle to make Kansas a Free
on political expediency, was made evident by State. He was Chairman of the Congressional
his conduct while a candidate for Speaker in Committee which was sent to the territory to
the Thirty-sixth Congress. A North Carolinian investigate the Border Ruffian outrages, and
named Helper had written a book entitled which dragged to the light a great mass of
“The Impending Crisis of the South : How to startling facts which powerfully and savingly
Meet It.” Helper was not the champion of influenced public opinion in the Northern
the negroes, and thought they ought to be colon- States. His labors on the stump in the cam-
ized; but he appealed to the poor whites of the paign of 1860 were untiring and effective, as
South, of whom he was one, to organize against they were a little later in the enlistment of re-
the crushing exactions of slavery. His argu-
cruits for the war. When the great conflict
ments were unanswerable, and his facts in the came, and the power he had vainly sought to
main trustworthy; and nothing could have propitiate struck at the Nation's life, his tim-
seemed more innocent than the recommenda- idity gave place to courage, and he gave his
tion of such a book by a man who was opposed whole heart and strength to the imperilled
to slavery even on economic grounds. But cause of the Union. He believed in prosecut-
when Clarke of Missouri charged Republican ing the war with the whole might of the nation,
members of Congress, including their candidate and he took an active and leading part in all
for Speaker, with recommending the book, and the legislation of Congress during and following
declared that the man who did it was not only the struggle, including whatever acts affected
unfit to be Speaker but unfit to live, the bal- the institution of slavery and the fortunes of
loting for Speaker was suspended, and denials, the colored race.
apologies, and explanations abounded, as if Mr. Sherman's strongest claim upon the
slavery bad been of divine appointment and gratitude of his country, however, is based
the writing of such a book an unpardonable upon his activity and leadership in managing
sin. Mr. Sherman did not think he had rec- the finances of the government during the war
ommended the book, but as he found his name and thenceforward to the present time. His
printed along with other signatures he sup- natural aptitude for financial studies was joined
posed he must have signed the paper. He to tireless industry in the public service. He


1895.]
327
THE DIAL
was a zealous champion of the Legal-tender New York Custom House, on account of gross
Act of 1862, and of our system of national malfeasance in office; but when Cornell after-
banks. He took the lead in the work of fund. wards became a candidate for Governor of New
ing the public debt, as he did also in the re- York, Mr. Sherman supported him in a series
sumption of specie payments. His labors both of public speeches. When this action was crit-
as Senator and Secretary of the Treasury are icised by his friends, his defence was that “we
set forth with elaboration and detail in these must carry New York next year, or see all the
two great volumes, including citations from the results of the war overthrown and the consti-
Congressional debates, copious extracts from tutional amendments absolutely nullified.”
his own speeches, letters from distinguished Kindred considerations induced him to support
public men commending his action, and such the Sherman Act. He did not approve the
explanations as he deemed called for in placing measure, but thought it would be of temporary
himself advantageously before the country. He advantage in preventing the passage of a bill
may well be proud of his record, for it shows for the free and unlimited coinage of silver.
his prodigious industry and patience and the Such a bill would have to be acted upon by
large measure of success which followed. We President Harrison, and his approval or veto
do not mean to say, however, that he made no of the measure would tend to divide and weaken
mistakes. He was wrong in espousing the the Republican party. That was his sole and
Sherman Act, which proved so disastrous to anxious concern, for the President held in his
the country. He had no faith in it, and in hand the power to save the country from the
lending it his support on grounds of party ex-
free-silver madness.
pediency the statesman was lost in the politi- Mr. Sherman's loyalty to his party has a still
cian. He was wrong again, as he now con- more striking illustration in his action in
fesses, when he favored the payment of 5–20 Louisiana in the fall of 1876, respecting the
bonds in greenbacks. He is wrong to-day in
He is wrong to-day in famous Returning Board of that State. He was
opposing the retirement of our legal-tender then in New Orleans as one of the “ visiting
notes, and thus lending the continued sanction statesmen” deputed by President Grant to su-
of the government to the mischievous folly and pervise the action of this body in counting the
delusion of an irredeemable paper currency. vote of the State for President. The result
And we believe the sober judgment of history of the national canvass was at stake, and Mr.
will pronounce him wrong in favoring the pas- Sherman knew that these were the same men
sage of the Legal-tender Act of 1862. It was who constituted the Board in 1874, and that
this legal attempt “to make something true after the election in that year they took the
which was false," and not Secretary McCul majority of votes from one side and gave it to
loch's policy of contraction, as Mr. Sherman the other, by unjust, arbitrary, and illegal ac-
asserts, that gave birth to the greenback craze tion, as shown by a Republican Congressional
which demoralized both the great parties, de Committee composed of Wheeler of New York,
luded the people, and finally found expression in Hoar of Massachusetts, and Frye of Maine. He
the Supreme Court of the United States in its knew that Wells, the President of this Board,
its opinion overruling the decision of Chief Jus- who had been Governor of the State under the
tice Chase in the case of Hepburn vs. Griswold. reconstruction policy of President Johnson,
These volumes bear constant witness to Mr. had been summarily ejected from that office
Sherman's absolute loyalty to his party. If for violating an act of the Legislature respect-
this is a virtue, no man has a better title to it. ing the repair of her levees, and seeking to
His career shows that he has been ambitious. prostitute the funds of the State to partisan
In his long public life he has had many rival- purposes. He knew that this Returning Board
ries and conflicts, and his aspirations for the had no power to reject the vote of any precinct
presidency have been repeatedly disappointed; unless the certificate from such precinct was
but his devotion to his party has known no accompanied by a sworn protest, signed by the
change. When it has gone astray, he has still supervisors, that intimidation had been prac-
followed it. When its chief leaders and found ticed ; and that in no single instance did the
ers felt compelled to leave it on account of Commissioners of Election show a compliance
the scandals of Grant's two administrations, with this requirement, without which Tilden
he quietly and uncomplainingly followed its had legally carried the State by seven thousand
fortunes. While he was Secretary of the Treas- majority. But Mr. Sherman was working for
ury he removed Arthur and Cornell from the I his party. He believed, and so did the Repub-


328
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
licans throughout the country at that time, I think, will be admitted by his warmest friends. Dur-
that the election of Tilden would be a pational ing the trying period between his election and inaugur-
ation his opinions wavered, but Blaine, having similar
calamity, and that we should see all the results
personal qualities but a stronger will, gained a powerful
of the war overthrown and the constitutional
influence with him. When I proposed to him to be a
amendments absolutely nullified,” as he had delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention he no doubt
declared in speaking of the defeat of Cornell in meant in good faith to support my nomination. When
New York. It was as impossible for Mr. Sher-
his own nomination seemed probable, he acquiesced in,
and perhaps contributed to it, but after his election he
man to consider the issue of the Louisiana elec-
was chiefly guided by his brilliant Secretary of State."
tion judicially as to add to his stature by tak-
ing thought. Mr. Sumner used to say, “The
Mr. Sherman evidently believes that Gar-
field secretly coöperated with his friends in
no
Mr. Sherman might say with equal truth, “ The securing his own nomination ; and as to this
slave of party, I call no principle master.”
there is probably little diversity of opinion
The Presidency was
That he attempts in this autobiography to de among intelligent men.
fend his action in Louisiana simply proves that
too tempting a plum to turn away from when
pressed upon him by his enthusiastic admirers.
the party idolatry which blinded his vision in
He yielded ; but he is not solely responsible.
1876 has never been intermitted.
If Mr. Sherman's temperament had been more
Mr. Sherman refers to a meeting between tropical, and his friends in Ohio and elsewhere
General Thomas and General Sherman, at
had heartily and enthusiastically worked for
Williamsport, on the Potomac, early in June,
his success, either he or Mr. Blaine would have
1861. In the light of the past it now has a
been nominated, and no “dark horse" would
special interest. The interview took place at
Mr. Sherman's lodgings in a country tavern. ing the story of his political defeats and arraign-
have been thought of. Mr. Sherman, in tell-
His brother, he says,
" Then met for the first time in many years his old ing other public men for their hostile action,
class-mate, Colonel, afterwards Major General, George
should remember that he too has been an ex-
H. Thomas, who then commanded a regular regiment emplar in the business of practical politics.
of the United States army in the force under the com- He has had his literary bureaus, and has freely
mand of General Patterson. The conversation of these used all the appliances by which public opin-
two officers, who were to be so intimately associated in
ion could be influenced in his behalf and the
great events in the future, was very interesting. They
got a big map of the United States, spread it on the
votes of delegates secured, whether in the
floor, and on their hands and knees discussed the prob-
Northern or Southern States. Indeed, if he
able salient strategic places of the war. They singled had been less intensely devoted to his own am-
out Richmond, Vicksburg, Nashville, Knoxville, and
bition, and less obsequious to the party which
Chattanooga. To me it has always appeared strange
that they were able confidently and correctly to desig- | has so often failed him in times of trial, his
nate the lines of operation and strategic points of a war
chances of political success would probably have
not yet commenced, and more strange still that they been improved.
should be leading actors in great battles at the places We have little space left for minor topics.
designated by them at this country tavern.”
In telling the story of his life, Mr. Sherman
Mr. Sherman's interest in the finances led has evidently cared more about the accuracy
to a particular intimacy between him and Sec- of his facts than their literary expression. In
retary Chase, who figures largely in this auto- the matter of style, his third chapter, giving a
biography. It is pleasant to notice that their
brief history of Ohio, is by far the best in the
relations were those of friendship and mutual
two volumes. The public will be glad to learn
respect.
that Secretary Stanton and General Sherman
Prior to the National Republican Conven- became reconciled, and that during Stanton's
tion of 1880, Mr. Sherman's relations with last illness General Sherman called to see him.
Garfield were most friendly. He now says: In stating that the Republican party was named
“I knew Garfield well. From his early advent in at its Philadelphia convention of the fourth of
1861 in the Legislature of Ohio, when I was a candi- July, 1856, Mr. Sherman is mistaken. It was
date for the Senate, to the date of his death, I had every
named at its first national convention, which
opportunity to study his character. He was a large,
well-developed, handsome man, with a pleasing address
met at Pittsburg on the twenty-second of Feb-
and a natural gift for oratory. Many of his speeches ruary of that year, organized the party, and
were models of eloquence. These qualities naturally issued the call for its first nominating conven-
made him popular. But his will-power was not equal tion in the following July.
to his personal magnetism. He easily changed his mind,
and honestly veered from one impulse to another. This,
GEORGE W. JULIAN.


1895.]
329
THE DIAL
ently indifferent males, using all the wiles and blandish-
STUDIES OF BIRD LIFE.*
ments generally employed by one of the sterner sex
Any treatise in ornithology coming from the
(when bent on a like purpose) to gain the favor and
hand of Professor Elliot, the Curator of Zool-
seduce the affection of the object of its adoration. And
the male is as coy and retiring as the most bashful
ogy
in the Field Columbian Museum, bears the maiden, turning away from the proffered attentions,
stamp of authority. The author has proved first to this side, then to that, even flying to the oppo-
his capacity to deal with this branch of natural site side of the pool, or to another near by; but all in
history by various monographs in special groups
vain, for he is followed by the fair one who has chosen
him from his fellows, and there is no escape. He swims
of birds peculiar to both the eastern and the
rapidly along, but she is ever near, and with arched
western hemispheres. In his latest work, de- neck circles about him, rising on wing at times and
voted to “ North American Shore Birds," he poising above him, and producing a sharp series of
addresses a more popular audience than here-
sounds by quick strokes of the pinions. At last, like
tofore, desiring particularly to meet the needs
any other poor bachelor so beset, he yields, and the
nest, a slight structure of dry stalks, is placed in the
of sportsmen, and of the interested but unsci-
centre of a thick tuft of grass. The eggs are four in
entific observer of birds found on our coasts number. . . On these the poor male, a victim to
and along the shores of our inland waters. He woman's rights, is obliged to sit the greater part of the
has therefore adapted his book in every fea-
time, the female amusing herself on the pool near by."
ture to the requirements of these two classes of As a rule, male birds are handsomer than
readers.
their mates; and if there be a difference in
The species described number upwards of their size, it is to his advantage. But the re-
seventy, all comprised in the order Limicoliæ. verse of this obtains among the Phaleropes.
Among them are some of our choice game Only last spring the writer of this saw two
birds, woodcock, snipe, plover, etc. Each spe- Lady Wilson Phaleropes disputing over the
cies is figured in a full-page engraving, which, possession of one of the opposite sex. They
with the accompanying life-history, ensures its were in a tiny pool left by the rains in a grain-
easy recognition. There are furnished, besides, field, where they had dropped to rest and re-
a key to the order, by which the name and fresh themselves on their way up from the
place of any shore bird in hand may be deter- south. The ladies were elegantly attired and
mined, an outline map plainly defining the sci- most graceful in every motion, while the little,
entific terms applied to its external features, shy, demure male, in a coat of plain colors,
and a glossary. The biographies are short and kept to himself and fed quietly at one side of
compact, simple in style, and enriched with the pool, apparently unmindful of the eager,
incidents drawn from the author's own experi- not to say violent, behavior of the pair con-
ence. He has been from boyhood a student of tending for his companionship. It was a singu-
shore birds, seeking them in their native haunts
lar study in bird-life, suggesting amusing par-
from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and from allels in human history. How or when this
Alaska to the plains of Mexico. There is con.
dominion of the female sex began among the
sequently a freshness in much of the informa- Phaleropes is a question lost in an obscure an-
tion given which renders it valuable to the tiquity.
naturalist as well as the inexperienced bird- The manual on “British Birds,” by Mr. W.
lover.
H. Hudson, might be called a companion piece
Among the whole number of species de- to Chapman's "Handbook of the Birds of the
scribed, none are quite so curious in certain Eastern United States,” which won such gen-
habits as the Phaleropes, of which there are eral applause on its appearance last spring.
three species, all partaking of the same strik- Mr. Hudson's work is one to be commended
ing peculiarities. In his account of the North- without reserve, dainty in its exterior and val.
ern Phalerope, Professor Elliot thus tells its uable in its contents. Within the compass of
strange story:
a duodecimo volume it compresses the most de-
Early in May it arrives at the breeding grounds, sirable special information concerning the birds
and the females commence to make love to the appar- which make their home for any portion of the
*NORTH AMERICAN SHORE BIRDS. By Daniel Giraud
year within the territory of the British Islands,
Elliot, F.R.S.E., Curator in the Field Columbian Museum. and includes also the essential parts of the rudi-
New York: Francis P. Harper.
mentary science of ornithology. A prefatory
BRITISH BIRDS. By W. H. Hudson, C.M.Z.S. New York:
Longmans, Green, & Co.
chapter explaining the anatomy of a bird is
GAME BIRDS AT HOME. By Theodore S. Van Dyke. New
from the skilful pen of an adept in such expo-
York: Fords, Howard & Hulbert.
sition, Mr. Frank E. Beddard, F.R.S. It is


330
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
couched in language so simple that a child all make the book a distinct contribution to
should be able to comprehend and enjoy it. By our knowledge of the man and the period in
way of conclusion, a brief account is added which he lived, and to American scholarly
of the scheme of classification adopted by the achievement.
ornithologists of England. Then follow con- Miss Putnam has followed Motley quite
densed sketches of the habits and manners of closely through the tangled politics of the time,
more than two hundred separate species of the relations of the several provinces to one
birds, beginning with the thrushes and ending another, to Spain and to outside countries, and
with the auks. Each sketch is headed by a the patient efforts of the Prince of Orange to
technical description of the bird under notice, unite them against the oppressor; but she has
and in many cases with an exquisite portrait read in those same documents some different
in black and white. The volume is further
The volume is further motives and characteristics that give her por-
illustrated by eight plates in color, which, like trait of the Prince another aspect and a new
the drawings, are executed with admirable deli- interest. Yet it is the same man that appears
cacy and truth.
in these pages, and our estimate of his great-
One has to read but a single chapter in ness is confirmed by the result of this different
“Game Birds at Home,” by Mr. T. S. Van treatment. For Miss Putnam does not write with
Dyke, to discern that the author treats his sub- the blind enthusiasm of the hero-worshipper,
ject with a sympathy equal to his knowledge. but with an excess of caution against that very
All the qualities of the true sportsman are his. enthusiasm. One cannot imagine her giving
First of these is a passionate love of Nature in those thrilling dramatic pictures in which Mot-
every form and phase, and this prompts him ley's volumes abound, and when she even ap-
to study her patiently and faithfully. He knows proaches enthusiasm she seems to hold herself
every tree and flower in the region around him, up lest she should be betrayed out of her self-
not only by its name but by its minutest fea- contained and almost plodding gait. There is
tures, He has the same familiar acquaintance in this work nothing of the grand style of the
with the animals, although with it he has the classic historians, but a plain, judicial account
fondness of the hunter for bringing down his of the man and his work, his perplexities and
game. The book is written, in fact, from the disappointments, his patient steadfastness when
sportsman's standpoint—as though the author everything seemed lost, his growth from abso-
were talking to some fellow-sportsman, recount- lutism and religious indifference to liberalism
ing, as such never tire of doing, exciting inci- and spirituality. Strong as is the fascination
dents in the field which have their date in the of Motley’s brilliant word-pictures, one turns
past, but renew their life in vivid recollections. almost with relief from his strains of unmixed
It is to such comrades in spirit that the book eulogy to the cool account in these volumes,
will appeal, and probably with the same pleas- where defects are pointed out as well as excel.
ant effect as have Mr. Van Dyke's previous lences, and no attempt is made to cover over
works of a kindred character.
the weaknesses of the great leader. Accord-
SARA A. HUBBARD. ingly, we have here “the man under the dust
of the past," and not a glorified heroic portrait.
The key to Miss Putnam's conception of the
Prince of Orange is found in the sub-title of
LIFE OF THE PRINCE OF ORANGE.*
her book. It is a moderate man that she sees
It could have required no little courage in in him, a cautious and conservative statesman,
Miss Ruth Putnam, author of a new life of the whose career is a gradual development, whose
Prince of Orange, to undertake to cover again opposition to his king was forced upon him,
the ground that Motley has made so peculiarly and not a religious or political enthusiast who
The result, however, fully justifies worked up a revolution. While Motley makes
her undertaking; for the difference in point of his opposition to Spanish tyranny mainly relig-
view, the use of new material discovered since ious, dating from the revelations of the French
Motley wrote, the biographic form of the work, king in the forest of Vincennes, Miss Putnam
and the newer method of historical writing, attributes it to his indignation at the invasion
* WILLIAM THE SILENT, PRINCE OF ORANGE. The Mod- of the political rights of the Netherlands, and
erate Man of the Sixteenth Century. The Story of his Life fails to see much of heart religion in him until
as Told from his own Letters, from those of his Friends and
Enemies, and from Official Documents. By Ruth Putnam.
the later years of his life. That utterance of
In two volumes. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
his which is taken for the motto of this work
his own.


1895.]
331
THE DIAL
name.
shows his character, and in the sixteenth cen- Miss Putnam's work is a genuine biography,
tury could have been uttered only by a moder- and not a history masquerading under a false
ate man who cared more for the essentials of
Much attention is given to William's
religion than for the differences that made the domestic affairs, and much of the interest of
divisions of the Christian church bitterly hos- the book lies in its direct and indirect descrip-
tile to one another: “ This difference is too tions of the Nassau family — the noble mother
slight for you to remain separated.” His train- and brothers, and the close ties, reaching almost
ing could well have made him tolerant beyond the clannish spirit, that bound them together,
his age, for he was born of earnest Lutheran the spirit of mutual devotion and self-sacrifice.
parents, was reared a Catholic, and then in the The story of William's four marriages and of
course of his life-struggle was led back through his married life is also most interesting, and
Lutheranism to Calvinism. His moderate con- reveals much as to his character. All but one
servatism made him an object of distrust to of these marriages were politic, and only in
the partisans on both sides, and often seemed that one did he find the sympathy and comfort
likely to destroy his influence with the people. that he craved. His second wife, Anne of
But when the radical partisans had brought Saxony, was a thoroughly bad woman.
disaster upon their cause, the weight of Will- The publishers have given the work a most
iam's character, the evident sincerity of his fitting and beautiful dress, and enriched it with
devotion to the popular cause, and the proved more than fifty portraits, copies of old prints,
wisdom of his advice, brought them back to and fac similes. Altogether it is a very satis-
him with renewed confidence.
factory piece of work, and deserves high com-
Another of William's qualities, barely no- mendation,
CHARLES H. COOPER.
ticed by other writers but given almost undue
prominence by Miss Putnam, is his craving for
sympathy. It was indeed a characteristic, as his
letters plainly show, but hardly so excessive as PHENOMENA AND PROBLEMS OF SOCIETY.*
to become the weakness this book would make
The methods of grouping the phenomena of 80-
it. On the other hand, Miss Putnam is not
ciety are by no means settled. Each author ar-
blinded to the self-seeking ambition and the ranges the same material in a different way. Out
Macchiavellian subtlety that in more than one of the conflict and comparison of many forms of
instance marred the fair outline of his career. analysis we shall secure a better form than any yet
For example, Motley cannot explain his leav-
devised. In “Social Theory,” Dr. Bascom em-
ing his oldest son in the power of the Spaniards ploys a method very similar to the one used in his
when he fled from the Netherlands; but Miss
earlier work on "Sociology," but here the analysis
has been carried much further. Five groups of
Putnam acknowledges that he probably risked
social factors are treated : Customs, Economics,
his son in the hope that he might save his
Civics, Ethics, and Religion. All the phenomena
Netherland estates.
A pathetic feature of William's career
*SOCIAL THEORY. By John Bascom. New York: T. Y.
Crowell & Co.
that it was cut off before he could know that
STATISTICS AND SOCIOLOGY. By Richmond Mayo-Smith,
all his sacrifices and his suffering would result Ph.D. New York: Macmillan & Co.
in success, and that he had made for himself EVOLUTION AND EFFORT. By Edmund Kelly, M. A.,
F.G.S. New York: D. Appleton & Co.
one of the great names of history. Things
A LENT IN LONDON. By H. S. Holland, M.A., and others.
were almost at their worst in the summer of London and New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
1584, after the deceptive successes of the pre-
THE EVOLUTION OF INDUSTRY. By H. Dyer, C.E., M.A.,
D.Sc. New York : Macmillan & Co.
ceding year. Washington and Lincoln lived
CATHOLIC SOCIALISM. By Francisco S. Nitti. Translated
to know that they had founded and saved their
from the Italian by Mary Mackintosh. New York: Macmil-
country. William left all in confusion and lan & Co.
THE PROBLEM OF THE AGED POOR. By Geoffrey Drage.
even apparent decline, the southern provinces
New York: Macmillan & Co.
back under the Spanish rule, and the northern
POOR-LAWS OF MASSACHUSETTS AND NEW YORK, By
despondent and not yet roused to the despera- John Cummings, Ph.D. New York: American Economic
tion that finally was too much for even Par-
Association.
TRUSTS, OR INDUSTRIAL COMBINATIONS AND COALITIONS
ma's genius and Philip's stubborn determina-
IN THE UNITED STATES. By E. von Halle. New York:
tion. The northern union that at last won Macmillan & Co.
national independence was organized against INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF CHARITIES, CORRECTION,
AND PHILANTHROPY. Child-Saving Work and Sociology in
his wishes, for his ideal was unity and freedom
Institutions of Learning. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins
for all the provinces.
Press.


332
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
a
of social life are regarded as coming within these wings, statistical method and historical investigation
groups, and as belonging to them by virtue of in- more than rapid flights from premises assumed to
herent likeness. The analysis of phenomena and conclusions desired. At the present stage of the
the interpretation of their existence are not treated science, the method is of supreme moment; and for
apart from recommendations as to their improve- special students the method of this book is not be-
ment. These recommendations are put forward as yond criticism. With all abatements due to defects
the chief purpose of the treatise. The social move- of the author (or of the critic), we have here a work
ments of reform are treated under the factors of which will be read, and which all interested in 80-
society, the reform of the press, socialism, single cial thought and social reform will find helpful. It
tax, the labor movement to secure shorter hours will assist the wholesome tendency of our time to
and higher wages, profit-sharing, extension of poli- regard every question in the light, not of class in-
tical control over monopolies, charities, corrections, terests, but of the common welfare. And this com-
education, improvements in taxation, arbitration of mon welfare is defined in terms of the highest and
national disputes, religious progress and influence. noblest achievements of the human spirit, and not
The author's long experience in public affairs, his in terms of savage life or benumbed spirituality.
wide reading, his reflection on events, his shrewd An exceedingly useful work on “Statistics and
insight, have enriched his pages with many sugges- Sociology” is given us by Professor Mayo-Smith.
tive and thought-provoking sentences. Many of The scientific mind is never satisfied until the forces
the metaphors carry one's mind into the heart of a which are the objects of study have been measured.
great theme and assist the memory in retaining the There are many very important facts which cannot
impression. For popular presentation, the dog be brought into mathematical formulas, but the
matic and oracular style of treatment is effective unscientific thinker is too easily contented with a
and suitable. But a careful reading compels one general description when an accurate statistical con-
to ask for further discussion and different method. clusion might be reached if only we take pains
The definition of sociology (page 8) is, “.
knowl. enough. From a vast range of reliable sources,
edge of the facts of society, the order in which they Professor Mayo - Smith, an expert in statistical
follow one another, and their causes and reasons. methods, has brought together a mass of ordered
The author begins each part with a discussion of materials which bear on social problems; and stu-
facts and their causal explanation, but everywhere dents of sociology are deeply his debtors. Many
his mind
goes far beyond the limits of his definition, vague notions and insecure theories will be tested by
for he erects ideals for the future and seeks to have the yard-stick of this book, and no serious worker
them realized in action. The definition is not large can afford to ignore it. Early in the book (page 6)
enough for his book, and it is not the book which there is a classification of social phenomena."
is blamed. The standard and touchstone of social While the author is careful to indicate that the
conduct is given at the start (page 3), as “that “ method of statistical observation is not of uni-
final, comprehensive product-the public welfare." versal application," the unpracticed reader needs to
In every chapter this idea controls the current of have the suggestion emphasized. By virtue of its
thought. Domestic activity, customs, political and purpose, the book itself may produce in some minds
economical methods, church work, are all compelled the impressions that the phenomena which are "im-
to pass under this measure. And yet one will ponderable" are non-existent or unimportant. The
search the book in vain for a clear and definite classification as given is sufficient for a bare out-
statement of the elements which enter into this line, and will suggest the place where the measured
criterion of welfare. No doubt all the essential facts belong; but the more ample treatment of Spen-
elements are implicit in the discussion, but the aim cer, De Greef, and Schäffle should be constantly
of the author would have been made more clear and compared. It is a distinct merit of the work that
powerful by a complete and explicit analysis of a the data compiled are arranged in a way to excite
very complex conception. He has made an import interest and lead to results. At the beginning of
ant advance beyond his earlier work, in giving a each chapter the mind is awakened by the question,
more prominent place to the domestic institution; What is the purpose of this investigation? Then
and many of his suggestions are very instructive the available data bearing on the problem are given
and inspiring. But he places the discussion under and are sifted by scientific tests, while in the "
the head of “Customs” and along with “Classes.” flective analysis” the results are summarized. Under
It would be difficult to imagine a more incongruous the head “Demographic,” the relevant material in
or illogical arrangement. The title of the part respect to sex, age, and conjugal condition, births,
does not cover the contents. His method confines marriages, deaths, sickness, and mortality, are pre-
him (page 5) to “phases of progress offered by sented. Under the title “ Social” we have a simi-
our own and by English society," and some of the lar treatment of social condition (families and dwell-
most important arguments for monogamic marriage ings, education, religious confessions, occupations),
come from its earlier history. One often agrees the infirm and dependent, suicide, and crime. Race
with the writer in his conclusions, while objecting and nationality, and migration, come under the
to the method of reaching them. Just now, in rubric “Ethnographic"; and the closing book on
the study of sociology, we need fact rather than “Environment” discusses population and land
re-


1895.)
333
THE DIAL
(physical environment), and population and civil- is an attempt to show the relation of economic in-
ization (social environment). In a second volume terests to the general interests of society, and to
the author proposes to cover the ground of “statis- depict the process of development from lower to
tics of commerce, trade, finance, and economic social higher stages. The common welfare is set forth as
life generally." Its appearance will be awaited the goal of all social efforts, and this welfare in-
with eager interest. In the present work, the treat- cludes all the satisfactions of man's physical and
ment suffers from the absence of a distinct concep- spiritual nature. A rapid survey of the physical
tion of the standards and criteria of social welfare. conditions of progress is followed by a discussion of
Nowhere do we find stated with sufficient clearness the historical growth of the modern industrial sys-
the test of the worth of a social arrangement or ten-
tem out of the mediæval methods. This survey in-
dency. The criteria by which the accuracy of sta- cludes a treatment, very brief and general, of guilds,
tistics themselves is to be judged are given by the the domestic industry, the factory system, trades
author; but the “reflective analysis ” would yield unions, the work of women, coöperation, municipal
a clearer result if we were told more definitely on and state control, and industrial training. The two
what principles the actions, customs, and institutions concluding chapters on industrial guilds and indus-
are to be held as more or less valuable to society. trial integration are the prophetic portions. Here
“Evolution and Effort," by Mr. Edmund Kelly, the author
passes, and without very
distinct notice,
concludes with a summary of the argument: “No from description and interpretation of past facts to
human being is so circumstanced but that he can a personal opinion of what ought to be in the future.
contribute to make life less hard for those about His purpose is rather to show the logic of events
him; that it is to religious sentiment, and to relig- and the drift of the period than to test the value of
ious sentiment alone, whether within the pale of particular movements. The conclusion is : “ The
the Church or without, that humanity can look for society of the not very distant future will have an
the exercise of the self-restraint necessary for this
admixture of individualism, trades unionism, coop-
end ; that human suffering can be dealt with most eration, and municipal and state socialism. The
efficaciously by the action of the State.” The min- present duty of all social reformers is to educate
isters of the churches should help in the organiza- public opinion in the direction of their ideals.”
tion of non-partisan and unsectarian associations The Catholic Church, under the leadership of
for the study of social needs and promoting the great bishops and the Pope, is thoroughly committed
efficiency of the municipal and other local govern- to a discussion of industrial questions. Professor
ments. Some of the particular discussions are very
Nitti's work on “Catholic Socialism” is now trans-
suggestive and stimulating - as, for example, the lated from the Italian for readers of English. While
author's recommendations in respect to pauper col- it is somewhat declamatory in style, it is very im-
onies. The speculative elements are not always portant. The various forms of ecclesiastical activity
sharply distinguished from the judgments resting in respect to the labor question, on the continent,
on facts, and one feels in reading such books that in Great Britain, and in America, are carefully de-
he has, after all, only the individual opinion of an scribed, and the bibliography is very complete.
intelligent man.
Here is a power to be counted with, and those who
The sermon form is not adapted to exhaustive wish to understand it will peruse these chapters
and systematic discussions of social science, and the with keen interest.
clerical temperament is not, as a rule, judicial. So The German insurance laws have attracted the
much is illustrated in “ A Lent in London,” by the attention of the civilized world, and provoked dis-
Rev. H. S. Holland and others. And yet it is a cussion of state aid to workingmen in countries
valuable collection of sermons, and the pages glow which have usually avoided "paternal” legislation.
with inspiration and sympathy. If one turns to The schemes for old-age pensions which bear the
these
pages
for definite social programmes, he will influential names of Charles Booth and Joseph
be disappointed. There is some erroneous and her- Chamberlain have been the theme of much discus-
etical economics, some vague declamation. But sion in England, and governmental inquiries and
these men live near the people. One of them was proposals have brought the topic within the field of
a layman before he was a clergyman, and says: “I practical politics. There is no consensus of opinion
have tried, even after I was ordained, to preserve on the subject. Mr. Geoffrey Drage, in his book
my common sense.” His contribution proves that on “The Problem of the Aged Poor,” makes a con-
he succeeded, for Mr. Dolling's ordination did not tribution of considerable interest to the discussion;
prevent him from uttering most unpalatable truths and our situation in America is not so different from
in a wholesome way. The tendency of this volume that in Europe that we can safely pass it by with-
is toward the “socialistic” camp; at least, com- out attention. As our cities grow larger and more
munity direction of community interests is strongly numerous, we shall be seeking a method of caring
urged. The book will kindle that passion for hu- for honest people in old age without the humilia-
manity which is the sustaining motive of social in- tions attending the reception of public and private
vestigation and of humane service after the truth charity. Mr. Drage has, before proposing his own
has been found and formulated.
position, carefully stated the arguments of all the
“ The Evolution of Industry," by Mr. H. Dyer, more important schools of thought, and has collected


334
(Dec. 1,
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the poor
data for independent judgment. First of all, the They may rightly be called capitalistic combina-
facts relating to the extent and causes of old-age tions.” The chief motives which lead to these com-
pauperism are related, and the social apparatus for binations are larger and surer profits, while the
dealing with it in England is described
desire for power and social position, in a country
law, charity, and thrift. The inquiries of the Royal which does not particularly honor distinction in
Commission and of Mr. Charles Booth are com- political or literary or scientific fields, is a strong
pared. In Part II. we have a succinct and clear incentive. Even in the absence of trusts, the small
statement and criticism of the various schemes pro- producer must often succumb to the larger indus-
posed in England by Mr. Chamberlain, Canon try, for in many lines the great capital can produce
Blackley, Mr. C. Booth, Mr. Bartley, Mr. Wilkin- more cheaply than the small capital. The author
son, and Professor Marshall. The accounts of the does not spare criticism of the defects and abuses
poor-law and workingmen's insurance in Germany of trusts, and is specific in his charges against sev-
and Denmark are too brief to be entirely satisfactory, eral of them, as the Standard Oil, Sugar, and Dis-
and need to be supplemented by the study of Mr. tillery trusts. A chapter is devoted to the legisla-
John Graham Brooks. Mr. Drage does not favor tion and judicial decisions on the subject, and an-
state pensions, because he thinks they are not nec- other to public opinion in respect to combinations.
essary, that they would tend to destroy the inde- In the appendix, valuable documents and a full
pendent friendly societies and the spirit of self-help biography are printed. The author does not at-
which they represent, and that they are impracti- tempt to foretell the future, but recommends that
cable. He believes that with a vigorous use of the the present anti-trust legislation be repealed, because
poor-law machinery pauperism will continue to be it has proved inefficient and leads to immorality
reduced in amount, and that the energy of the la- in politics and to disrespect for law. His general
boring population and their societies will gradually attitude as to remedial measures is shown in this
take care of the infirm and aged. But the grounds sentence: “No author has conceived better the
of a different conclusion are fairly stated. Unfor- meaning of the corporation problem for the Com-
tunately, the experiments on the Continent are too monwealth than Henry C. Adams. He asks for
young to help us far toward a conclusion.
publicity, publication of the results and the ways in
Mr. John Cummings has done a careful piece of which they were reached, a control through public
work in his account of the poor-law methods in New bodies, and a responsibility of the individual mem-
York and Massachusetts. The systems adopted ber of the administration of the corporation for the
in the early history of those two states differed in observance of the necessary restrictions.”
important particulars in relation to the local and The papers read before the International Con-
general authorities. This difference in principle gress of Charities, Correction, and Philanthropy,
reappears in the legislation of the newer states were valuable contributions of specialists in various
which have followed New York or Massachusetts in departments, and they are printed in several vol-
these matters. It was worth while to trace the de- umes. We have before us the discussions on “The
velopment of both plans from the colonial period Care of Dependent, Neglected, and Wayward Chil-
to the present time, and the author has done this dren” and “Sociology in Institutions of Learning."
with great care, drawing his information at first- This part is particularly interesting and valuable to
band from documents and original authorities. In those whose benevolent work lies in the most hope-
the appendix the immigration and contract-labor ful field of philanthropy, the care of the young.
laws are printed.
Mr. Homer Folks, whose success in Pennsylvania
The discussion of Ernest von Halle on Trusts in is so well known, contributes two papers on family
the United States appeared first in the publications life for dependent and wayward children. It would
of the German “Verein für Social-Politik," and his help to clear the atmosphere in Illinois if his judg-
positions have already been examined. The pres- ment were followed, and our commonwealth would
ent book is more than a translation of the original | honor itself by asking him and Mr. Birtwell to
essay, and contains important additional material. serve on a commission to draft a plan of state care
We have a review of the earlier attitude toward mon- of such children. No subject is of deeper concern
opolies in this country; of the progress of trusts for us just now, and if this book could be carefully
before the recent anti-trust legislation; the various studied in women's clubs this winter it would assist
forms of organization, loose and amorphous associa- in directing public opinion along the right path.
tions, formal contractual agreements, and combina- The essays on instruction in social subjects show
tions where all interests are connected in temporary that colleges have made great advance of recent
or permanent pooling and concentrating arrange- years, and that the stubborn conservatism of the
ments ; the natural, quasi-natural and legal monop- theological schools begins to melt a little under the
olies, and the economic causes which call them into genial rays of modern humanitarianism. But much
existence. The author believes that while protec- of the instruction is still desultory and fragment-
tive tariffs and advantageous bargains with rail- ary. The truths hidden in the glad message, how-
roads have affected the growth of trusts and pools, ever, will find a voice in due time, and men will
“these are only two of the many points to be con- draw the conclusions from the abstract principles
sidered, and not even the most prominent ones. ... which they teach.
C. R. HENDERSON.
66


1895.]
835
THE DIAL
1.
a
than a
copy
>
daintier conceptions, the lovely women, and creat-
HOLIDAY PUBLICATIONS.
ures of the fancy-Katherine, Miranda, Anne Page,
Titania and her train ; and here Mr. Abbey's lighter
The approach of Christmas-tide again brings pencil is at home. These beautiful volumes, how-
round the pleasant, if always rather perplexing, ever, must be seen and examined to be appreciated.
task of preparing a summary descriptive list of the They are distinctly a credit to American book mak-
new Holiday publications. As heretofore, the ear- ing; and we congratulate artist and publishers on
lier arrivals are given priority of notice in our col- a work which this season may be, all in all, safely
umns, the later ones being reserved for the issue of pronounced hors concours.
December 16. At the present writing the indica- Our Holiday list of 1891 was headed by Messrs.
tions are that this year, as last, publishers generally Little, Brown, & Co.'s “Elizabethan Songs," a
are well on the conservative side, both as to the choice piece of book-making that the reader is not
amount and the costliness of their output; the ten- likely to have forgotten; and this season no less
dency being still in the direction of prettily-mounted hearty praise, for beauty, taste, and general attrac-
-
and moderate-priced reprints of old favorites. And tiveness, seems to us to belong to the same firm's
what better gift is there for any time or occasion “ Victorian Songs,” a companion volume to the
tasteful of a good book? The cum- above, and at all points a fit casket for the gems it
brous, highly-ornate, and correspondingly expensive contains. Mr. Edmund H. Garrett is again the
quartos and folios once so abundant on the Christ- editor and illustrator, and Mr. Edmund Gosse suc-
mas counters are this season conspicuously wanting ceeds the ubiquitous Mr. Lang as writer of the In-
a fact due perhaps as much to sounder taste on troduction. The volume a comely octavo hand-
the part of the public as to prudential considera- somely printed on special hand-made paper, and
tions on that of the publishers. But while the Holi- chastely bound in white and gilt — follows the form
day output is naturally rather smaller and more set by its predecessor. The pictorial and decorative
modest than in years of “booming” trade and as- features comprise twenty full-page photogravure
sured returns, it is still large enough in all con- plates, an ornamental title-page in red and black
science, and attractive enough to make the “em- with etched portrait of Queen Victoria, four vig-
barrassment of riches," as usual, an obstacle in the nette etchings for Introduction, table of contents,
way of choice. We may add that our impression etc., and some fifty dainty head and tail pieces from
is that in no former season has the general average pen-and-ink drawings. Mr. Garrett's designs are,
of taste in the production of this class of publica- as usual, graceful and pretty, rather than strong;
tions been higher.
the bits of sea-view and landscape being notably
By all odds the most sumptuous publication on good—better, to our notion, than the figures. Space
our Holiday list is Messrs. Harper & Brothers' limits considered, the anthology is all that could be
“The Abbey Shakespeare,” in four volumes, large asked. Lightly skimming the long gamut of Vic-
octavo; being the comedies of Shakespeare, richly | torian song, from such master-singers as Tennyson,
illustrated by Mr. Edwin A. Abbey. The text is Swinburne, and Landor, down to such lesser names
that of the folio of 1623, with patent errors cor- as Domett and William Bell Scott, Mr. Garrett fur.
rected, and the spelling modernized. Connoisseurs nishes enough certainly to bear out Mr. Gosse's
of book-making may well linger over the material rather high estimate of the lyrical achievement of
and pictorial charms of this exquisite work — a the period. The latter's Introduction is a thought-
really monumental one in point of luxurious equip- ful and conscientious piece of literary criticism,
ment and artistic finish. The illustrations com- that adds decidedly to the value of a beautiful and
prise 131 superb full-page reproductions in photo well-conceived book, which is not far from our ideal
gravure of Mr. Abbey's usually admirable drawings, of what, in a general way, a Holiday book should be.
which display throughout the artist's characteristic Mr. Timothy Cole's masterly series of engravings
lightness and daintiness of handling and fancy, as after “Old Dutch and Flemish Masters," which
well as a minute and scholarly regard to historical have for some time past formed the leading picto-
accuracy in point of costumes and settings, and ac- rial feature of "The Century Magazine," are com-
cessories and “properties” in general, that will bined in a handsome and enduring art-book (Cen-
meet the approval of those who are nice in these tury Co.). There are thirty plates in all: five after
incidental though considerable matters. Mr. Ab- Rembrandt, three after Hals, three after Rubens,
bey's conceptions are pleasing as a whole, refined three after Van Dyck, one each after Cuyp, Potter,
and graceful rather than striking, and never degen- Hobbema, Ruisdael, Steen, Dou, Ostade, and so on.
erating into burlesque. Perhaps there is an occa- Mr. Cole's skill shows throughout the flawless work-
sional want of breadth and virility - notably in his manship, the delicate rendering of individualities
—
Falstaff (a marked departure, by the way, from the of mind and handling, that make his earlier series
traditional ideal), which certainly lacks the richness, after the Italian painters probably the best extant
the unctuous Rabelaisian humor, with which Grütz- group of translations of those works. Fidelity to
ner, the delineator par excéllence of Falstaff, has the originals has plainly been Mr. Cole's ideal ;
endowed the fat knight. But Grützner, again, must and it is interesting to note that to secure this he
have made strange work of the poet's finer and has availed himself, in an ingenious and perfectly
a
a
-


386
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
legitimate way, of photography. In each case he Holiday publication in the strict sense of that rather
has prepared his engraving with the original paint- elastic term, its sumptuous setting and pictorial
ing before him, the photograph being thrown upon attractions make it a handsome and suitable gift-
the block and its errors and deficiencies corrected book. Eugène Beauharnais was an estimable and
by constant comparison with the original. Mr. amiable man, whose private and domestic virtues
Cole's fidelity to his models is not, however, merely won additional lustre from their comparative rarity
mechanical. His work has been not only the pa- among his compeers ; and it is the graceful and ro-
tient exercise of a refined handicraft, but a labor of mantic side of his character, as reflected in his let-
love and artistic zeal, an effort to grasp and trans- ters to his wife, the beautiful Princess Augusta of
fer the breath and finer spirit of the great works Bavaria, that is mainly brought to view in the pres-
before him. While the plates in the present work ent work. “All the world loves a lover," and it is
as a whole necessarily fall short of Mr. Cole's Ital- pleasant to note that these letters, written during
ian series in the ideal beauty and elevation of sen- the stirring scenes and anxieties of the Napoleonic
timent peculiar to the genius of that school, their epopee, and amid the trials and perils of the great
subjects are less familiar, and they offer exceptional campaigns in which the writer participated, are true
advantages to actual students of art.
In the mas-
love-letters to the end, one of the latest of them
tery of pure technique the painters of Holland and closing with the sentiment, “Our mutual love is the
Flanders have rarely been approached, and never only sure happiness that we can look forward to."
excelled. Except the engraver's pithy and charac- The author has drawn a graphic and pleasing pic-
teristic notes, the text of the present volume is fur- ture of Eugène, sketching his career in sufficient
nished by Professor John C. Van Dyke - which is detail, and weaving into the narrative many strik-
equivalent to saying that it is precisely the element ing episodes of the times. The volumes are ele-
of sound, serious, and scholarly criticism and appre- gantly bound in sea-green cloth, stamped with em-
ciation needed to supplement Mr. Cole's work and blematic designs in crimson and gold; and the text
give it its full educative value. Besides the de- is well printed on excellent paper. There are twelve
scriptive matter accompanying each engraving, Pro- portraits, including Prince Eugène, the Princess
fessor Van Dyke provides an Introduction of some Augusta, Josephine, Hortense, Murat, Pauline and
fourteen pages, which is not only a brilliant piece Elise Bonaparte, Mme. Bonaparte, Eugène's chil-
of writing, but the best condensed critical and com- dren, and others.
parative summary of Dutch Art that we can recall. It is pretty difficult to tell whether the pictorial
Messrs. George Bell & Co.'s “Masterpieces of or the literary element of the large octavo volume
Great Artists” (imported by Macmillan), uniform “ Pictures of Rustic Landscape" (Longmans) is to
in make-up with their popular “Raphael's Madon- be considered its leading feature and real raison
of last year, is a rather sumptuous volume, d'être. The former element consists of thirty full-
the aim of which is to bring together trustworthy page woodcuts after Mr. Birket Foster; and the
reproductions of representative mediæval and re- latter of as many passages
in
prose
or verse, selected
naissance masterpieces. There are forty-two illus- by Mr. John Davidson,
and possessing a correspond-
trations, representing thirty-one painters; and the ence more or less close (or remote) with the text.
reproductions have in each case been made from From either point of view the book is pleasing, and
photographs of the originals, and not from copies should find favor with those who love rural nature,
or engravings. Eight of the plates are in pho- its art and literature. Mr. Davidson has made his
togravure, and the rest in half-tone, the former selections with taste, and has managed to maintain
being excellent examples of the process, while two in most cases a discernible degree of harmony be-
or three of the latter — among them, unfortunately, tween plate and text. Among the writers repre-
Raibolini's (Francia's) fine Pietà, of the London sented are Walton, Wordsworth, Hazlitt, Emerson,
National Gallery - are slightly marred in the print- Taine, Thompson, Cowper, Burroughs, and Jef-
ing. The average, however, is high, and the sub- feries. Oddly enough, Thoreau's name is missing.
jects have been well chosen. Notably good plates The engravings are acceptably done, and there is a
are: Holbein's “ The Meier Madonna”; the superb good portrait of Mr. Foster.
“ Bacchus and Ariadne" of Titian ; Moroni's “Por- At the head of the list of old favorites in new form
trait of a Tailor”; Rembrandt's “ Portrait of an is the “ Buckthorne " edition of Irving's “ Tales of
Old Woman”; and “ The Creation of Man,” detail a Traveller ” (Putnam). Little need be said in the
from the Sistine Chapel frescoes. The text, com- way of general description of these two handsome
prising a brief Introduction and a page or so of de- volumes, which are gotten up in the style of the
scription and comment with each illustration, is by same publishers' familiar“ Agapida," “ Darro," and
Mrs. Arthur Bell, better known to art readers by “ Von Twiller ” editions of " The Conquest of Gran-
her pseudonym, N. D'Anvers.
ada,” “ The Alhambra,” and “ The Knickerbocker
An acceptable addition to the literature of Na- History of New York,” respectively, of past sea-
poleonic times is “The Romance of Prince Eugène" The most striking decorative feature of the
(Dodd, Mead & Co.), in two octavo volumes, trans- present work is, as before, the tinted border fram-
lated from the French of M. Albert Pulitzer, by ing the text on each page, the present design show-
Mrs. B. M. Sherman. While the work is not a ing a delicate combination of silver-gray and pale
nas
sons.


1895.]
337
THE DIAL
a
salmon. Mr. George Wharton Edwards is respon- uncompromisingly ugly “bucks” and “squaws”
sible for most of the ornamentation, including the little in the interests of sentiment. The volume
rather florid cover-design ; while the twenty-five contains a portrait of Mr. Longfellow, from an orig-
full-page illustrations are mainly from new draw- inal of 1840, and there is an Introduction, together
ings by Messrs. F. S. Church, Frederick Dielman, with ample notes.
J. Wilson, Allan Barraud, and H. Sandham. The Very tasty and practical is Messrs. Houghton,
artists have acquitted themselves well, and the work Mifflin & Co.'s Christmas edition of Longfellow's
ranks with the best of the season's publications. “ The Courtship of Miles Standish,” with many
A very charming edition, in two trim 16mo vol- illustrations, full-page and vignette, after the de-
umes, of that sweet and genuine English classic, signs of Messrs. Boughton, Merrill, Reinhart, Shap-
Gilbert White's “ Natural History of Selborne,” is leigh, and other well-known delineators of Puritan
issued by Messrs D. Appleton & Co., printed from life. Besides an Introduction sketching the incep-
the text and with the new letters of the Buckland tion and growth of the poem, as indicated in Mr.
edition. The volumes are liberally and tastefully Longfellow's journal and letters, there are copious
illustrated by Mr. Clifton Johnson; and Mr. John historical notes, which, with the accompanying wood-
Burroughs has furnished an Introduction in which cuts, will materially assist the reader's comprehen-
he draws a loving and sympathetic portrait of his sio