ose silver notes sound their
message of hope and joy throughout the story.
EZ 'S SIN:
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By J. H. PEARCE, author of " Eli's Daughter," “Inconge-
quent Lives,” etc.
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the Cornish coast. * Ezekiel's Sin' is the best novel this year.".
Musical Courier.
LITTLE LEATHER BREECHES,
And Other Southern Rhymes.
Being a number of folk-lore songs, negro rhymes, street ven-
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Collected and arranged by FRANCIS P. WIGHTMAN. 48
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4to, $2.00.
“Little Leather Breeches" is something absolutely fresh and novel.
The verses are the result of several years' research by the author, and
have been carefully selected from the numerous songs and legends of
the Gulf States, the Atlantic Seaboard, and the Inland States of the
South. The illustrations are executed with consummate skill and a
delicious sense of humor which make the pictures worthy of special
notice. The folk-lore songs and verses are of permanent interest.
THE POTENTATE.
By FRANCES FORBES-ROBERTSON. New illustrated edition,
small 8vo, $1.25.
CANADIAN FOLK-LIFE AND FOLK-LORE.
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Notwithstanding the fact that they are glibly discussed, are
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well as to the general public. The reason for this is, that
aside from the more or less slight sketches in encyclopædias
and in the so-called art" handbooks," the lives of the masters
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cle of readers, and to those mainly in public libraries. It was
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dents of art who cannot afford to possess these more expensive
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with, and knowledge of, the great masters that Professor H.
KNACKFUSS was induced to undertake the series of
MONOGRAPHS ON ARTISTS
in which the great periods of art, and the lives of those who
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has spared no expense in giving the text a dignified and artis-
tic dress, and adding to it everything in the way of illustration
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to the reader, by means of excellent reproductive processes,
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RAPHAEL . . HOLBEIN.. REMBRANDT
VAN DYCK.
Translated into English by CAMPBELL DODGSON.
Each volume, artistically bound, 8vo
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the general public as text-books or as holiday gifls.
LEMCKE & BUECHNER, 812 Broadway, NEW YORK.
TRANSLATIONS AND REPRINTS.
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Edited by J. H. Robinson, Columbia University.
French text, English translation. Pp. viii.-154. Price, cloth, 80 cts.;
paper, 60 cts.
“L'édition des Remontrances de la cour des Aides est bien faite.
Ce texte célèbre et utile était devenu assez rare ; l'Université de Penn-
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cette réimpression, désirée par les historiens français, se soit faite, non
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Department of History, University of Pennsylvania,
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334
(Nov. 1,
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1899.]
835
THE DIAL
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of SERVICE
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Remington
Standard
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Offices in Every City in the World.


336
[Nov. 1, 1899.
THE DIAL
J. B. LIPPINCOTT CO. Have Just Published
BOHEMIAN PARIS OF
A MANUAL OF COACHING.
TO-DAY.
By FAIRMAN ROGERS. Illustrated with 36
Written by W.C. MORROW. From notes by full-page plates and engravings in the text.
EDOUARD CUCUEL. Illustrated with 106 8vo, 500 pages, cloth, $6.00 net.
pen drawings by EDOUARD CUCUEL. 8vo, Mr. Rogers's work appeals to those who have
cloth, gilt top, ornamental binding, $3.50. coaches and drive them; to those who would like to
There is much described in this book which many
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a completo guide for those desiring to see the Bohe-
mian quarters as they really are, as well as being one
THE WONDERS OF MODERN
of the most absorbing books for general reading re-
MECHANISM.
cently published.
New and Enlarged Edition. A Résumé of
MOTHER GOOSE.
recent Progress in Mechanical, Physical,
Illustrated by F. OPPER. 320 pp., with 250
and Engineering Science. By CHARLES
illustrations. 8vo, cloth, ornamental, $1.75.
HENRY COCHRANE. Illustrated. 12mo,
Even though many of the rhymes may be familiar,
cloth, $1.50.
the boy or girl who receives this edition has days of
delightful enjoyment before him in the additional THE ADVENTURES OF LOUIS
interest and fun offered by Mr. Opper's drawings.
DE ROUGEMONT.
He is one of the few humorous artists whose illustra-
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Crown 8vo, cloth, $2.00. Ready Nov. 1.
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frontispiece on Japanese paper, by VIR-
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Two Books for Boys by Popular Writers.
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THE YOUNG MASTER OF
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etc. 12mo, cloth, $1.25.
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trated. Large 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
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For sale by all booksellers, or will be sent, postpaid, on receipt of price, by
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THE DIAL PRESB, CHICAGO.


THE DIAL
A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF
Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
EDITED BY
FRANCIS F. BROWNE.
Volume XXVII.
No. 322.
CHICAGO, NOV. 16, 1899.
10 cts. a copy. | FINE ARTS BUILDING.
Rooms 610-630-631.
82. a year.
The Most Important Work of an Autobiographical Character
Published in Many Years :
THE LETTERS OF
ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON
Edited by
SIDNEY COLVIN.
Two Volumes.
8vo, $5.00 net.
Illustrated by
GUERIN AND PEIXOTTO.
“ These volumes will contain upwards of four hundred and fifty
letters — nearly double the number of those which have been and
are appearing in SCRIBNER'S MAGAZINE.' THE ATHENÆUM.
“Timote of them
The New York Evening Post, speaking of the serial publication, said:
HE final instalment of Stevenson's letters, in Scribner's, can but leave us wishing he had lived to write
more of them. A few more like his best, and he might have been better remembered for his letters
than his books. Fine flashes of criticism light up his correspondence.”
"EACH new instalment of the Stevenson letters arouses "IT, bids fair to become one of those works which are
in the reader a new delight in and respect for their kept very close to the arm-chair, and kept there not
author's sweet, whimsical, and courageous nature."- New merely during its first public vogue, but continuously."-
York Tribune.
The Academy.
AMONG the correspondents addressed are many well-known men of letters and artists, both deceased and
living, as Mr. P. G. Hamerton, Mr. J. A. Symonds, Mr. F. Locker-Lampson, Mr. William Morris, Mr.
Will H. Low, Mr. Augustus St. Gaudens, Mr. Henry James, Mr. Edmund Gosse, Mr. W. E. Henley, Mr. Cosmo
Monkhouse, Mr. Theodore Watts- Dunton, Mr.J. M. Barrie, Mr, Crockett, Dr. Conan Doyle, M. Marcel Schwob,
and the editor himself.”—THE ATHENÆUM.
American Lands and Letters.
NEW VOLUME. “LEATHER-STOCKING" TO "POE'& RAVEN."
By Donald G. Mitchell.
With 150 illustrations. Svo, $2.50.
“TH
haps the veteran, of American letters. His first book
was published in 1847; his latest, not his last, as we have
reason in his preface to infer, now lies before us, warm from
the press, quickened with alert and unflagging sympathy
with men and books, a little shaded with a certain wistful,
half-diffident regret for the worthies and standards of long
ago, but written in a vein of intrinsic grace and charm that
even the most contemporaneous'-minded of the generation
whose spokesman is Kipling may well relish."- The Dial.
The Letters of Sidney Lanier.
Selections from his Correspondence,
1866 - 1881.
With two portraits. 12mo, $2.00.
HEY are what the man was, strong, hasty some-
times, lively always, and alert with human inter-
est and sympathy. At times his letters fairly sparkle
with the joy of new artistic sensation, the exuberance
of a revelation in music and scholarship. So, though
most of these letters have been printed before, they
have a unique flavor that justifies gathering them for
preservation and reference.”—The Churchman.
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 153-157 Fifth Avenue, New York.


338
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
JUST PUBLISHED:
THE MOST ATTRACTIVE HOLIDAY BOOK OF
THE SEASON
IS
THE BECKY SHARP EDITION
OF
VANITY FAIR
BY WILLIAM MAKEPEACE THACKERAY.
Illustrated with Forty-eight Full-page Pictures from the Play of
BECKY SHARP,
as Produced by Mrs. Fiske and her Company of Players.
“The great success of Mrs. Fiske in ‘Becky Sharp,' Langdon Mitchell's
play founded on “Vanity Fair,' has made timely a handsome illustrated
holiday edition of Thackeray's masterpiece. Not only the characters but
the scenes afford great variety and picturesqueness of treatment, and the
splendid stage management of Mrs. Fiske has given a verisimilitude and
reality to the grouping of characters that enhance the artistic value of
the illustrations.”—The Bookman.
BOUND IN HEAVY BUCKRAM COVERS,
PRINTED ON HEAVY PAPER, UNCUT EDGES AND GILT TOP,
IN BOX, $2.50.
HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS
NEW YORK AND LONDON.


1899.]
839
THE DIAL
Some Delightful Books for the Holidays.
of the year.
Howard Pyle's New Book: THE PRICE OF BLOOD.
By Howard PYLE. Large 8vo, $1.25.
An Extravaganza of New York Life in 1807. Written in five chapters and illustrated by HOWARD PYLE.
This unique and entertaining Extravaganza bas to do with a young lawyer of the metropolis, a bandsome
young lady, four remarkable clients, and a series of the most extraordinary adventures. The illustrations are
done in Mr. Pyle's most attractive manner, and consist of a cover design, a frontispiece in seven printings,
and five full-page illustrations in two colors.
Walter Crane's New Book: THE SIRENS THREE.
By WALTER CRANE. 4to, green and gold, $1.25.
This noble poem, which is cast after much the same manner as the Rubaiyat, is presented in a worthy
form, with more than 40 full-page decorations by Mr. Crane in a new cover design in green and gold. At the
low price at which it is published ($1.25) it should prove one of the most acceptable of all the holiday books
JAMES JEFFREY ROCHE'S NEW BOOK.
THE V-A-S-E AND OTHER BRIC-A-BRAC.
A Volume of Humorous Verse by the author of “ Her Majesty the King.” 12mo, $1.00.
“ Her Majesty the King” had the distinction of being bailed as “the wittiest book of the year" (it is now
in its fourth edition and selling better than ever) and “The V-8-8-e" is likely to add still more to Mr. Roche's
reputation. It is certainly the most deliciously' humorous verse that has appeared in many, many years.
SOCK AND BUSKIN BIOGRAPHIES.- 1. JULIA MARLOWE.
By John D. BARRY. About 40 illustrations. 12mo, decorative boards, 75 cents.
This volume, forming the first of the “Sock and Buskin Biographies," is a carefully written life and appre-
ciation of this popular actress. Miss Marlowe has placed at Mr. Barry’s disposal all necessary data, and has
helped him in every possible way, thus making the volume at once authoritative and definitive. The illustra-
tions, over thirty in number, show Miss Marlowe in all the characters in which she has ever appeared.
A Book of New Fairy Tales : THE FAIRY SPINNING WHEEL.
From the French of CATULLE MENDES. Illustrated. 4to, $1.50.
Catulle Mendes introduces us to a new realm of fairydom, and the charm of the new heroes and fairies -
the kings of Mataguin and the Golden Isle, the Emperors of Trebizonde and Sirinagon, and the Wicked Melan-
drine, among others — will appeal to all. There is no more beautiful collection of fairy stories extant than
those “ The Fairy Spinning Wheel” tells, what with their quaint, unexpected turns, charming conceits, and
happy rendering. The stories have never before appeared in English. "A more charming gift book for chil-
dren will be hard to find.
ILLUSTRATED DITTIES OF THE OLDEN TIME.
4to, decorative boards, 75 cents.
This fascinating little volume was originally issued in England half-a-century ago. The “ Ditties” them.
selves are so delightfully quaint and the drawings so thoroughly charming that the publishers believe the
reprint to be fully justified.
THE ONLY COMPLETE RENDERING IN VERSE OF
THE SICILIAN IDYLLS OF THEOCRITUS.
Translated into English Lyric Measures by MARION MILLS MILLER, L.H.D. With an Introduction by HAMLIN
GARLAND. 16mo, flexible leather, $1.25.
Says Mr. Garland in his Preface : "I am very much pleased with the attempt of Dr. Miller to make the dialect country
verse of Theocritus vital and real to us of to-day. He has made me perceive the scenes of the poet's verse more nearly than
I had hitherto supposed could be done. The men of that day were alive. Their language was not a dead language, and
Dr. Miller has gone far in rendering Greek forms in modern moods and measures."
FRENCH PORTRAITS.
APPRECIATIONS OF THE WRITERS OF YOUNG FRANCE.
By VANCE THOMPSON. About 80 illustrations. 300 pages. 8vo, buckram, paper label, $2.50.
Mr. Thompson has known, personally, all those men of whom he writes; he understands and sympathizes with their
different points of view, and be writes with a style which is in itself so interesting that one would read the book for that
alone. The best idea of the unusual scope of the volume may be gained from its table of contents: 1. P-ul Verlaine.
2. Stéphane Mallarmé. 3. The Belgian Renascence : Camille Lemonnier, Maurice Maeterlinck, Emile Verhaeren, Georges
Eekhoud, Georges Rodenback, Max Elskamp, and Fernand Severin. 4. The Last of the Parnassians: Catulle Mendes.
5. Jean Moreas and his Disciples. 6. The New Poetry: Free Verse, Adolph Retté, Henri de Régnier, Stuart Merrill and
Francis Ville-Griffin, Emmanuel Signoret, and Albert Samain. 7. The Paganisnu of Pierre Lonys. 8. Jean Richepin and
the Vagrom Man. 9. The Christ of Jehan Rictus. 19. Maurice Barrés and Egoism. 11. Fables, Ballads, Pastorals:
Jules Renard, Panl Fort, Francis Jammes. 12. The New Erasmus : Marcel Schwob. 13. Naturism and St. Georges de
Boubelier. 14. Men of Letters and Anarchy. 15. The New Criticisms: Ernest la Jeunesse. 16. “In the Gentlemanly
Interest."': Hugues Rebell and M. le Comte Robert de Montesqniou Fezensac.
OF ALL BOOKSELLERS,
OR THE PUBLISHERS,
RICHARD G. BADGER & CO., 157 Tremont Street, Boston.


340
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
NEW HOLIDAY BOOKS.
TWENTY FAMOUS NAVAL BATTLES
(Salamis in Santiago). By Prof. E. K. Rawson, U. S. Navy Department. Illustrated
with plans, old prints, maps, and portraits. 2 vols, 8vo, cloth, gilt top, per set, $4.00.
Will take its place as the Standard History of the greatest naval battles of the world.
IMPORTANT EVENTS.
A PREACHER'S LIFE.
A Book of Dates. By GEORGE W. Pow. An Autobiography. By JOSEPH PARKER,
ERS. 16mo, cloth, 50 cents. History in D.D. 12mo, cloth, gilt top, illustrated,
a nutshell. A model of selection and $2.00. One of the most notable autobiog.
condensation.
raphies of the century.
HISTORIC AMERICANS.
By ELBRIDGE S. BROOKS, author of “ Historic Boys," " The Century Book for Young Amer-
icans,” etc. Illustrated by FRANK T. MERRILL. 8vo, cloth, $1.50. “ The noblest
figures in the gallery of America's worthies."
HELPS FOR AMBITIOUS BOYS. CHRISTMAS AT DEACON
By WILLIAM DRYSDALE, author of “The
HACKETT'S.
Young Reporter,” etc. Illustrated. 12mo, By JAMES Otis, author of “How Tommy
cloth, $1.50. Just the kind of a book for Saved the Barn." 8vo, cloth, 50 cents.
any boy.
Not a dull
page
in the book.
MIDDLEMARCH.
By GEORGE ELIOT. Illustrated by ALICE BARBER STEPHENS. 2 vols., 12mo, cloth, gilt
top, per set, $2.50. Half calf, $5.00. Luxembourg Edition. 8vo, cloth, gilt top, $1.50.
The most attractive edition ever published.
SECRET OF GLADNESS.
STRENGTH AND BEAUTY.
By J. R. MILLER, D.D. Illustrated. 12mo, By J. R. MILLER, D.D. 16mo, cloth, 75 cts.;
cloth, gilt top, 60 cts. Dainty vignette and gilt top, $1.00. Fully equal to any of
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THE COPLEY SERIES.
The volumes in this new series deserve the attention of all book lovers. The colored illus-
trations, printed by a new process, are a special feature, while the deckle-edge paper, wide
margins, printed tissues, silk bookmarks, and artistic covers combine to make these vol.
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Gables, HAWTHORNE; Lucile, MEREDITH; Prue and I, CURTIS.
THOMAS Y. CROWELL & CO..
NEW YORK AND BOSTON.


1899.]
341
THE DIAL
T. S. LEACH & CO.'S NEW BOOKS
A HISTORY OF QUAKER
QUAKER GOVERNMENT
IN PENNSYLVANIA.
BY ISAAC SHARPLESS, LL.D., PRESIDENT OF HAVERFORD COLLEGE.
VOLUME II.-- THE QUAKERS IN THE REVOLUTION.
The first part of this work under the title of “ A Quaker Experiment in Government,” was published in the
Spring of 1898, and met a warm reception from press and public, and a ready sale. It carried the narrative
from the founding of the Commonwealth down to the year 1756, when the conflict between the peace principles
of the Quakers and the warlike trend of events first reached a crisis. The present volume traces the same conflict
through the stormy events of the Revolution, and examines its momentous results.
Two volumes, 12 mo, with numerous portraits, and other illustrations.
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Fresh and original contribution to political economy.— SYRACUSE HERALD.
SYMBOLS AND EMBLEMS— ILLUSTRATED.
By H. J. SMITH.
An indispensable book for all architects, designers, and draughtsmen, and for workmen in the artistic, deco-
rative, and high-class building trades. The author, an eminent designer in stained glass, has been impressed with
the fact that in art education of our day the subject of Symbolism seems to have been overlooked. «Very little
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12mo, cloth, 432 pages, $1.25.
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342
(Nov. 16,
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By EVERETT T. TOMLINSON. Price,
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CAROLINE ATWATER MASON,
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riences told of have all been taken
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1899.]
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D. C. HEATH AND COMPANY
A Handy Volume Dante.
The Divina Commedia
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Translated with Notes and Studies, by the late
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Revised and Partly Rewritten.
The Literary Study
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NEW EDITION.
VOLUME I. HELL.
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INTRODUCTION. The Book of Job: and the Various kinds
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BOOK I. First Principles of Biblical Literature.
Book II. Lyric Poetry of the Bible.
Book III. Biblical History and Epic.
BOOK IV. Biblical Literature of Rhetoric.
Book V: The Philosophy of the Bible, or Wisdom Lit-
erature.
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:
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344
[Nov. 16,
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[Nov. 16,
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1899.]
847
THE DIAL
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[Nov. 16, 1899.
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PAGB
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current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or
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postal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO CLUBS and his wits to a rather fine point in protesting
for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application; against the introduction of school children, at
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on application. All communications should be addressed to
too early an age, to the masterpieces of English
THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. poetry. His special text is found in Gray's
Elegy,” and his childish recollections of that
No. 322. NOV. 16, 1899. Vol. XXVII.
poem are decidedly diverting.
“I remember how I used to grind through it without
CONTENTS.
one word of explanation when I was a little fellow of
ten years of age [observe, ten!]: each line went by
A MEMORY FOREVER.
itself, and one consequence was that the thing in the
piece that impressed me most was the reference to
THE “PASSING” OF MATTHEW ARNOLD.
"The dark, unfathomed caves of ocean bear.'
W. H. Johnson.
351 I had had my neck nearly wrung off in those days for
once saying that a noun governed' something, and I
COMMUNICATIONS
353
was not the boy to risk further twisting by asking if it
The Uneducated College Man. W. R. K.
was the polar bear that was meant; but there was a
Greek with Tears. William Cranston Lawton.
magnificent remoteness in the dwelling of this creature
The Music and Color of Poe. John B. Tabb.
that always pleased me, and it was not till later that I
Mr. Markham's Interpretation of his Hoe Poem.
discovered what the verse really meant."
Edwin Markham.
Continuing, in similar strain, he asks :
THE HUGO MEMOIRS. E. G. J.
356
“What boy ever believed in the “hoary-headed swain'
MR. FISKE'S “DUTCH AND QUAKER COLO or the forefathers of the hamlet'? As for the youth
NIES." B. A. Hinsdale
357 who gave to Misery all he had, a tear, and gained from
Heaven, 'twas all he wish'd, a friend, no schoolboy ever
THREE-QUARTERS OF THE NINETEENTH understood that transaction. And this poem, which boys
CENTURY. Minna Angier .
359 cannot understand, and masters cannot hope to explain,
is our accepted introduction to poetry."
A MAN OF THE THEOLOGICAL RENAISSANCE
IN NEW ENGLAND. Shailer Mathews 362 A like protest has been made, time and time
again, against the rigid drill in Homer and
THE WAR WITH SPAIN, AND AFTER. Wallace
Virgil which schoolmasters have deemed the
Rice
363
Lodge's The War with Spain. - Roosevelt's The
necessary foundation of a sound classical edu-
Rough Riders.-Bigelow's Reminiscences of the San cation. These names become in recollection
tiago Campaign. - Hall's The Fun and Fighting of
the symbols of a disagreeable experience, and
the Rough Riders. – Davis's Our Conquests in the
Pacific.- Dinwiddie's Puerto Rico.-Mathews's The whatever natural proclivities a youth may have
New-Born Cuba. - Griffis's America in the East. - for the enjoyment of poetry become stifled by
Draper's The Rescue of Cuba,
such a premature attempt to force his taste.
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
366
The result is that, from the time of his emanci-
Mr. Bullen's best book. — The sonnets of Shake pation from this compulsory application of the
speare. - Plagiarist or ' precursor"?- Essays on
the theatre. — Reminiscences of a painter and musi-
classics, he shuns them ever afterwards, and,
cian.- The case of the Boers at first hand.- An ad as one humorist has put it, acquires as the
vanced text-book in civil government. — Abraham
fruits of his training in Greek and Latin little
Lincoln as a Man of the People.- Amateur and pro-
fessional oratory. - The literary study of the Bible.
more than the firm conviction that two such
- Fables in slang and dialect. — With Maximilian languages exist.
in Mexico.
There is, no doubt, a certain force in protests
BRIEFER MENTION
370 of this sort, and injudicious methods in the
education of young people have done much to
LITERARY NOTES
371
justify the complaint; but there is another side
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
372 to the question, a side which is, on the whole,
.
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350
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
the stronger of the two, and which there is a ing ministry. We say the right kind of stu-
growing tendency among educators to ignore. dent — the other kind, whose occasional ex.
The great variety of new educational devices istence must be admitted, had better give up
which are nowadays urged upon the bewildered the pursuit of literary culture when it becomes
young teacher are too apt to have this in com certain that the portals of that paradise are not
mon, that they involve a relaxation of discipline to be opened for him, and take to chemistry,
for the student, and take from him the sense of or civil engineering, or political economy. But
responsibility for his own performance. If a because there are in every generation some such
problem seems too hard, there is always some men and women, subject to limitations that
one at hand to relieve him of the effort neces permanently exclude them from sharing in the
sary to master it, and he is encouraged to seek highest hopes and aspirations of humanity,
such relief before he has half exhausted his own although capable of a life of honest activity
resources. Already many voices are raised
upon some lower intellectual plane, let us take
among wisely conservative educators of long good heed not to add to their numbers through
experience, warning the public of the conse neglect of the agencies provided for our hand
quences of this drift of our methods of instruc-
in the early years of training. It is better at
tion. By dint of this smoothing over of all the start to set the highest aim for all, abandon-
difficulties we are not developing the intel ing it only in those cases whose development
lectual stamina that was a product of the clearly proves it unattainable, than to set a
severer methods of the past; and, however lower aim merely because we may hope for its
glibly we may talk about the encouragement realization by a larger number of souls.
of self-activity, we are really playing with it,
“Not failure, but low aim, crime."
instead of setting it in the forefront of our In the matter of education, no less than of the
endeavors.
subjective ideal, these words of Lowell are
Recurring to the special subject of literature, eternally true.
there is a good deal to be said for the old A thing of beauty is a joy forever, because,
fashioned plan of anticipating the tastes that when it has once entered fully into the con-
later years may be expected to develope. This sciousness, it becomes a memory forever. We
does not necessarily mean that the mental maw must not expect this penetrating process to be
of a child of ten should be crammed with poems accomplished all at once. Of course, no child
like the “ Elegy,” but it does mean, first, that will half understand the beauty of a great
nothing but very good literature should be given poem or a fine example of imaginative prose.
to school children, and, second, that it may Let it but kindle his thought at a single point,
safely be literature considerably in advance of and awaken his interest in partial degree only;
their complete comprehension. The notion that the slow and semi-conscious development of
it must all be explained and digested then and his intellect may be trusted to carry on the
there is fatal to the growth of appreciation. work of assimilation to its completion. How
Give a child something that appeals to him in many a writer has borne testimony to this
part, and the sense of mystery which invests
fructifying influence of noble literature in the
the rest of the work brings the best possible mind of childhood.
mind of childhood. The following passage
stimulus to his growth in the right direction. from Mr. Ruskin's “ Fors" has been quoted
And then there is the faculty of memory to be more than once, but we must quote it again,
considered. The disrepute into which cultiva because it tells the whole story :
tion of the memory has fallen is one of the most
“My mother forced me, by steady daily toil, to learn
alarming features of recent theorizing, and no long chapters of the Bible by heart; as well as to read
educational word is to-day more needed than a it every syllable through, aloud, hard names and all,
strong reässertion of the claims of this faculty from Genesis to the Apocalypse, about once a year; and
to that discipline — patient, accurate, and resolute - I
upon the attention of the teacher. The right kind
owe, not only a knowledge of the book, which I find 00-
of student, struggling with the construction and casionally serviceable, but much of my general power
the scansion of his Milton or his Virgil, and of taking pains, and the best part of my taste in liter-
receiving only a dim sort of illumination upon ature."
his path, is all the while enriching his memory
Our modern education is at fault if it does
unawares with cadenced phrases that will reëcho not find place for some such discipline as this
in his consciousness through the years to come, during those precious early years — 80 soon at
and give him spiritual sustenance in a future an end — when the fresh receptivity of the mind
that would be harsh indeed without their soften is not dulled, and the memory cheerfully re-


1899.]
351
THE DIAL
19
later years.
sponds to the stimulus of serious reading. Most morning or evening at an Ionian festival, or among the
men in middle life find that they preserve a
Sabine hills, have lasted generation after generation for
more vivid recollection of their reading of
thousands of years, with a power over the mind, and a
charm, which the current literature of his own day, with
twenty or thirty years ago than of the reading all its obvious advantages, is utterly unable to rival.
done by them at a very recent date.
Perhaps this is the reason of the mediæval opinion
There is perhaps no other of the great poets
about Virgil, as if a prophet or magician ; his single
of the world quite equal to Virgil in the pos-
words and phrases, his pathetic half-lines, giving utter-
ance, as the voice of Nature herself, to that pain and
session of the quality whereby the phrases weariness, yet hope of better things, which is the ex-
imperfectly apprehended by childhood become
perience of her children in every time."
an ever richer possession as time rolls by. For The seeming drudgery of the old-fashioned
two thousand years the mintage of his thought type of education was well worth the while if it
has bad this magical power to associate itself
resulted in such memory-deposits as these, and
with the tenderest memories and the inmost it becomes little less than a crime to waste the
sympathies of men. We all know Matthew opportunity, which early youth alone offers, of
Arnold's exquisite reference to the
fertilizing the mind with the pollen that may,
“Virgilian cry,
if all goes well, yield such a harvest in the
The sense of tears in mortal things."
We all know, too, the series of instances so
effectively marshalled by Mr. Frederic Myers
in that essay on Virgil which is “classical” in
more senses than one. Less familiar, however, THE “PASSING” OF MATTHEW
are the two passages adduced in support of this
ARNOLD
claim by a recent correspondent of “The Na-
It is no doubt an advantage of the philosophy of
tion,” passages which reveal the minds of Rob-
evolution, so popular in its manifold application
ert Louis Stevenson and John Henry Newman, to-day, that it tends to clear the ground of a hamper-
so dissimilar in most respects, for once work ing accumulation of methods and results from the
ing in complete harmony. This is what we find
past, and give a freer hand to the workers of the
in “ The Ebb-Tide":
present. But the true evolutionist recognizes the
“ The Virgil, which he could not exchange against a
permanent elements which pass on from stage to
meal, had often consoled him in his hunger. He would stage of development, no less than the vanishing
study it,
seeking favorite passages, and find characteristics of the single stage. The ambitious
ing new ones only less beautiful because they lacked the builder of the present day, then, must be careful in
consecration and remembrance. Or he would pause on
preparing his site that he does not waste energy and
random country walks, sit on the pathside, gazing over
time in removing solid rock.
the sea on the mountains of Eimeo, and dip into the
Æneid,' seeking sortes. And if the oracle (as is the
Some ten years ago, a band of self-appointed
defenders of America and its institutions undertook
way of oracles) replied with no very certain or encour-
aging voice, visions of England, at least, would throng
to drive Matthew Arnold out of court with clubs
upon the exile's memory the busy school - room, the
and tomahawks. He was a snob, an aristocrat, and
green playing - fields, holidays at home, and the peren an ignoramus, knowing nothing of American insti-
nial roar of London, and the fireside, and the white tutions and not much of anything else, without the
head of his father. For it is the destiny of these grave, ability even to use the English language correctly,
restrained, and classic writers, with whom we make en-
on the hypothesis that he had anything to say. But
forced and often painful acquaintance at school, to pass
into the blood and become native in the memory; so
such attacks really did more good than harm, since
that a phrase of Virgil speaks not so much of Mantua
they convinced the judicious that the critic's verdict,
or Augustus, but of English places and the student's
“Thou ailest here, and here," was timely and well-
own irrevocable youth."
grounded ; and an increasing number of Americans
The other excerpt is from the “Grammar of enjoyment. When his “ Letters” were given to
went on reading Mr. Arnold's works with profit and
Assent," and links with the name of Virgil the
eagerly waiting readers, a few years ago, the editor
suggestion of Homer and Horace:
deemed it expedient in his prefatory remarks po-
“ Passages which to a boy are but rhetorical com litely to dismiss from consideration no small share
monplaces, neither better nor worse than a hundred
of Arnold's life's work : “His theology, once the
others which any clever writer might supply, which he
subject of some just criticism, seems now a matter
gets by heart and thinks very fine, and imitates, as he
of comparatively little moment." But Arnold
thinks, successfully in his own flowing versification, at
length come home to him when long years have passed
minus his distinctively theological writings is still
and he has had experience of life, and pierce him as if
an author of considerable proportions and possible
he had never before known them, with their said earn permanent importance; and so many of us have
estness and vivid exactness. Then he comes to under gone on studying him with pleasure and supposed
stand how it is that lines, the birth of some chance benefit, not even denying ourselves a sly dip into
.


352
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
his theological essays when the back of his literary What he deprecated was ill-advised action, based
executor was turned.
on an incomplete and misleading conception of cir-
But now comes a critic who seems at first view cumstances and relations. No doubt he would have
to cut the ground entirely from under our feet. included under this head a very large proportion of
With the sweeping thoroughness of the Roman the philanthropic action, individual and organized, of
Emperor who would have had the necks of his sub his time,- too large a proportion, if you will. But
jects all united in one, that a single blow of the such a mere mistaking of degree, if mistake there
sword might finish the business, the author of was, does not bring him into conflict with progress,
“Social Ideals in English Letters” ranges
Arnold's and is of little importance. It certainly bore a less
entire work under the social motive and calmly as ratio to his quantum of correct judgment than the
signs it to a shelf in the Museum of Historical mistakes of the average British or American social
Sociology : “Already we look back to Arnold's reformer and philanthropist to his instances of wise
strong and vivid work as belonging rather to his action. With penetrating insight, he was painfully
tory than to the things that are. There is an air aware that an immense amount of earnest and well-
of the inevitable about these words that makes intended effort was at best missing its aim, and in
one hesitate to challenge them, for fear he may many cases doing positive harm, because of the lack
accomplish nothing but to demonstrate his own of a free play of ideas"
of “a free play of ideas” upon the subject in ques-
fitness for a place in the museum ; but even at tion. Such a free play of ideas he considered it his
that risk we are not willing to give up Arnold with mission to promote. And we may say that his aim
out a struggle.
was everywhere this, as well as to say that it was
Using the word “social” in the broad sense in everywhere social. But when we approach it from
tended throughout Miss Scudder's book, one finds this side it is easy to see that his work does not
no difficulty in agreeing with her that Arnold's aim necessarily pass from the domain of living impor-
was everywhere social.” It is only when she tance with the age that produced it. The habit of
comes down to details of interpretation, that there ill-considered action, growing out of the failure to
is reasonable ground for difference. And the writer, bring a free play of ideas to bear, is as old as human
for one, feels strongly that there is such ground at history and bids fair to remain among us for many
the very point wherein seems to lie the motive for
generations yet to come. And while it does remain,
the verdict which has been quoted. Miss Scudder there will always be occasion for effort to deprecate
writes not as the indifferent historian, seeking only over-hasty action, and to stimulate thought, in all
to set before the reader the dry facts as to the lines of social progress.
Hebraism in its own home
social ideals of English men of letters, with no opin produced a literature of conduct which the world
ions of her own to maintain: she is the
open
cham has never yet passed by, and never will pass by
pion of the movement to better the social condition until some other nation puts a better in its place.
of the masses, and naturally anxious that substantial Hellenism likewise bore fruit for which the world
results shall not be too long delayed. Now, writ is sure to have use until it is surpassed in its own
ing from this point of view, and, we believe, not kind. Arnold saw that the highest type of human
keeping vividly in mind certain features of Arnold's development must effect a fitting synthesis of the
method, she has come to the unnecessary conclusion two (not of course excluding the possibility of the
that further social progress is possible only when he development of still other traits, which neither He-
is left behind. After summing up the character brews nor Hellenes brought into prominence), and
istics of the Greek temperament which he thought it he gave to English letters an extended series of
necessary to inculcate in order to the development brilliant essays in that direction. He did not think
of a symmetrical English character, she adds : to revolutionize society at once,—though he was no
“And meanwhile we must wholly abstain from ac pessimist, as many who have not read him, and are
tion.” Now, if Arnold had held theoretically that hardly prepared to understand him if they should,
total abstention from action was necessary until would have us believe. But he would have been
the process of tempering British Hebraism with a very much surprised to be told by one so sympa-
suitable admixture of Hellenism should be fairly thetic as Miss Scudder that his work would belong
accomplished, the prospect for results under such to history, rather than to the things that are, as soon
a method would indeed be discouraging. Nor as a portion of his “ remnant" should have assumed
could he be defended against the charge of glaring for a few years an attitude of deep thought and
inconsistency, since he did not wholly abstain from scrupulous inaction. What he wanted was to set up
action bimself, nor did he fail to find due occasion a process of “osmosis” of the best traits of Hebra-
for encouraging others to action, both individual ism and Hellenism through the separating mem-
and legislative. But one is not driven to the neces brane of British prejudice and indifference, and by
sity of interpreting his published words by his indi this means he trusted to accelerate the rise from
vidual course as a citizen and member of society. the culture-level of the majority to that of the rem-
A careful reading of his essays amply warrants the nant. No one would have been less pleased than he
statement that he did not contemplate absolute ab to be told that his work was on a level with that of
stention from action even as a temporary expedient. the Greeks and Hebrews, for he would readily have


1899.)
353
THE DIAL
recognized such a statement as clumsy and insin. of course, the mawkish product which the enemies
cere flattery; but he was a good judge of effective of Arnold have persistently attributed to him under
English expression, and be doubtless expected his that name, but the culture of which all classes may
books to live and carry on his mission until super- partake at the price of using such opportunities for
seded by another who should say substantially the self-improvement as are open to their efforts. And
same things in a manner still more attractive and the philanthropist who can persuade men of thought
effective. That has not yet been done, and perhaps to give Arnold a careful reading will do much more
one will not give unpardonable offense to the literary to put the ground in condition for a fruitful harvest
guild of the present day by suggesting that there is than he who begins with an attempt to get Arnold
no immediate prospect of its being done. And yet himself out of the way.
W. H. JOHNSON.
no thoughtful friend of Arnold need feel
any
gatis-
faction that this is so, for he himself was 80 single-
minded in pursuit of his end that he would have
hailed gladly an eclipse of that sort.
As regards Mr. Russell's apology for Arnold's
COMMUNICATIONS.
theological writings, we can hardly see that even
this was necessary or advisable. In this field Ar-
THE UNEDUCATED COLLEGE MAN.
nold was working, not for positive results in the
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
way of a detailed theological platform, but for an
The Inaugural of Dr. George Harris, Amherst's
honest and discriminating method. A continually
newly inducted President, was, as some of your readers
doubtless know, an unusually thoughtful and suggestive
growing number are willing to admit within certain
address on the theme, “ The Man of Letters in De-
limits the existence of the “unbridled license of
mocracy.” By “man of letters” Dr. Harris meant, as
affirmation ”in religious matters which he attacked
be explained, not the professional literary man, but
with such vigor. He has made a great many read “the man that is liberally educated, the cultivated man,
ers realize that vivid hope and faith are not identi for practical purposes the college man"; and he then
cal with scientific demonstration, and that harm is went on to add to his definition the following remark-
sure to come from failure to realize the distinction able qualification: “Although ... there are college
either in thought or in language. One who reads
men that are uneducated.”
him with care can see that he has no quarrel with
Now this admission, coming from such a source, and
those who can base upon the data at hand a more
partially justifying as it does the common popular sneer
at the college graduate,” seems to the present writer
comprehensive belief than his. He is to be read,
a much more serious and significant one than the rather
then, not for detailed information as to what one
airy and casual way in which it is made might lead one
should believe and what reject in religious matters, to suppose. Is it then true that our higher educational
but to place the curb of intelligent discrimination institutions are in the habit of graduating a proportion
upon one's belief, and especially to check the habit of “uneducated” young men — - starting them out in
of demanding of them that are weak in the faith life, as it were, on a basis of intellectual false pretences,
tests that are not fundamentally necessary and are
and equipped with a virtually fraudulent certificate of
sure to repel. He held to his ideal of the free play
scholarly attainments in the shape of an unearned
of thought in the realm of religion as tenaciously as
diploma ? And if this be the case, what is the degree
of moral difference between such conduct on the part of
anywhere else.
a higher educational institution, and essentially similar
As some of our older bards have gradually fallen
conduct on the part, say, of the “bogus” medical col-
into the position of “poets of the poets,” so Arnold, lege which, in consideration of so many dollars, grants
if we mistake not, will become more and more the its lying “sheepskin” to anyone who chooses to apply
reformer of reformers. With the earnest desire for it? The question is a nice one for the casuist.
for the good of his fellow.men which is char It really seems that there ought to be at least one
acteristic of all sincere reformers, he had also the college or university in this country whose diploma
mental poise, the control of the emotions, and the
could be safely accepted as a positive guarantee against
logical temper, which the reform spirit is too apt to
the illiteracy of its possessor. Is there such a one ? -
and, if not, to what radical defect of aim or system is
lack. And the multiplied cases of well-intended
the scandal due? That it is not due to a lack of funds
effort that failed because of that lack must gradu-
or equipment, is manifest; and it is needless to say that
ally drive intelligent philanthropic endeavor toward
our college professors in general form a body of which
the path which he has pointed out. One can hardly we are justly proud, and to which we look with a con-
conceive of his writings becoming popular in the fidence seldom misplaced for light and leading. Why is
usual sense of that term. The scores of thousands it, then, that the “uneducated ”college man is not only
of working-men who have devoured the pages of
not a rara avis in America, but a bird so common and
“Looking Backward" during the past decade, as if
80 familiar that President Harris in a public address
it were a divine revelation, will live and die with no
serenely takes it for granted that everybody knows him,
and that nobody would think of questioning his exist-
knowledge of Arnold; but here and there there will
ence? Is “commercialism " in any way answerable for
be one of a thousand among them, with keener
him? We are accustomed just now, perhaps reason-
power of discernment, who will loosen with disgust
ably enough, to charge a good many of our evils to this
his hold upon the air-castles of Bellamy and drop score; and if it be true (as some aver) that there is a
to the solid ground of the apostle of culture ;- not, tendency to “commercialize" our colleges, to subordi-


354
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
nate their purely scholastic interests to their“ business' the normal tone was made within the same syllable.
interests, why, then, that tendency may in a measure These things are true. They are simpler, more inter-
explain the paradoxical fact that “there are college men esting, hence easier remembered, than the current
that are uneducated." The zeal that procures great “ laws.” Why is the truth too good for the beginner ?
numbers of students may easily outrun the discretion Comparative philology should be invoked when she
that maintains high standards of fitness.
W. R. K.
really simplifies or illuminates with the light of un-
Pittsfield, Mass., Nov. 10, 1899.
doubted truth. xóptos should be declined beside hor-
tus because it will convince last year's doubting Thom-
ases that even Latin o-stems really were stems in o,
GREEK WITH TEARS.
and it also shows the greater perfection of the Greek
(To the Editor of THE DIAL. )
forms.
On my table lies the latest “ First Greek Book," a It is a good idea to postpone the a-stems, but not to
good one of its type, scholarly, largely original, even call them difficult. The phenomenon of “ breaking,”
interesting in many parts. My only cavil as to most of
or change of a to n, is chiefly obscured by the fact that
it would be, that plenty of entire chapters in Xenophon's it occurs so largely in our own vernacular: so largely,
immortal romance are easier, and still more interesting. indeed, that the English name itself for A has “ broken
But the luckless schoolboy, in his first lesson, is referred to that given everywhere else in Europe to E. The
to nineteen different chapters of another volume - a relation of Attic phun to Latin fama is best illustrated
scientific grammar which he should not see for many by bidding the pupil write, in Greek letters, the English
months. From that grammar he must first learn two word fame (i. e., pîu).
alphabets, complicated laws for the uses of three accents, Would such material make a primer of Greek begin
paradigms, etc. “ Lasciate ogni speranza” is written a like a volume of brief readable essays ? Perhaps so.
hundred times, in no dim colors, over the first gate.
If to write connectedly, interestingly, throwing fresh
Kindly allow a long-suffering schoolmaster to say light on familiar knowledge and weaving in new facts
that the chief difficulties of Greek are created by our
80 that they cannot be forgotten, is to be unscholarly,
textbook-makers, by massing at the beginning most of then our manuals are impeccable.
the novel elements, and by omitting everything which
WILLIAM CRANSTON LAWTON.
should make these elements fascinating and instructive.
Adelphi College, Brooklyn, N. Y., Nov. 10, 1899.
It is the first maxim of pedagogy, and of persuasion
generally, to connect what is new with what is already
known and accepted. Now, every Yankee schoolboy
THE MUSIC AND COLOR OF POE.
has used one Hellenic alphabet ten years or more before
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
he is set to learn the Ionic. The interrelation of the Now that Poe - as Mr. Henry Austin says in TAE
two is easily told, and sheds a flood of light on some Dial for Nov. 1- has "come into his kingdom," it is
old puzzles. Why not start your Greek primer with curious to read, as I did the other day, that “« Annabel
that? There is only one serious mystery in the long Lee' is a jingle,” and “Ulalume " a poem that “no man
tale, and that can be stated picturesquely, viz., that the
of sound mind could enjoy.” This critic, strange to say,
group of alphabets which included the Ionian used the is himself a known poet : but where are his ears? Music
cross with the value kth, so that, to the Eastern world, is surely a joy to sound minds, and nowhere, I think,
it became, and still is, Christ's initial as well as his in the language is more of it to be found than in
emblem; while Chalkis, and therefore Cumæ, Rome, “ Ulalume.' As in the Chorus of Witches in “ Mac-
London, Seattle, gave X another value. A half-hour beth," one feels what he cannot understand of its drift:
chalk-talk, or even a brief chapter of a primer, might an effect which, though frequent in musical composition,
make the “ new » Greek alphabet seem an alluring none but rare artists can accomplish in verse.
introduction.
Of all the American poets of his day, Poe alone fades
That the “small letters," Greek or English, are not. The rest have lost color. They worked in daguer-
merely the natural modification of the “capitals," when reotype; he painted in oil; and fifty years hence – in
a pen takes the chisel's place, can be graphically shown. a kingdom or a republic — will “rule as his desmesne"
We claim teach Attic fifth or fourth century Greek. “ wider expanse” than the one he now dominates.
Why should not our boy see his first sentence as Alci-
John B. TABB.
biades did his ? For example,
St. Charles College, Ellicott City, Md., Nov. 7, 1899.
&
ΩΠΑΤΕΡΦΕΡΕ
MOIATOAEON
TAΣEΞΑΣΙΑΣ
Then when the words — here chosen of course, be-
cause any decent Latinist can guess their meaning
are transliterated, our youth may realize that accents,
etc., were indeed benevolent inventions for the guidance
of foreigners.
And why three accents ? There was but one, viz., the
rise in tone on one syllable of a word. Why not feed
the child in the first days wholly on paroxytone o-stems,
and "regular" verbs, until the habit of accenting at all
is acquired ? Then, the accent miscalled and ill-written
as“ grave” is but a reminder that a final acute could not
reach its full height if no pause followed. The (rela-
tively rare) circumflex merely shows that the return to
MR. MARKHAM'S INTERPRETATION OF
HIS HOE POEM.
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
I have just read in your issue of November 1 a com-
munication from Mr. Granville Davisson Hall, on “The
Meaning of The Man with the Hoe.'" Permit me to
thank your correspondent for his very clear statement,
and to say that he comprehends my idea perfectly.
Indeed, in an introduction to the Hoe poem, recently
written at the request of my publishers for a forth-
coming edition of my poems, I have expressed substan-
tially the same ideas contained in your correspondent's
article; and have even made the same quotations from
Carlyle and Mirabeau.
EDWIN MARKHAM.
Brooklyn, N. Y., Nov. 9, 1899.


1899.]
355
THE DIAL
O
sculpture on the façade, for fear a stone might become
The New Books.
detached from one of these reliefs and fall on the king's
head.”
It was during this visit to Rheims that Hugo
THE HUGO MEMOIRS.*
first read a play of Shakespeare, “ King John,
In so far as there is very little of what may in a little book that fell in the hands of his
in strictness be termed autobiography in the companion, Charles Nodier. He had already,
Memoirs of Victor Hugo, the work is likely of course, known of Shakespeare.
" I knew
to prove disappointing to not a few readers. him,” he says, “ as everybody else did, not hav-
These will have naturally looked for something ing read him, and having treated him with
in the shape of a continuous narrative of a ridicule.” One evening it was determined to
picturesque and checkered career - a retro read "King John”- that is, Nodier, who knew
spect and final summing up of an illustrious English, was to read it aloud, translating as he
life. What they will find is a medley of cau read.
series, literary remnants, aperçus, stories in « Listeners arrived. One passes the evening as best
the style of Captain Gronow, memories of the one can in a provincial town on a coronation day when
one does n't go to the ball. We formed quite a little
stage, of the Academy, of the Chamber, of the
club. There was an Academician, M. Roger; a man of
Court of Louis Philippe, of Napoleon “the letters, M. d'Eckstein; good old Marquis d'Herbouville,
Little,” of the events of '48, of the Siege of and M. Hémonin, donor of the book (the King John')
Paris. In fine, the Memoir is fragmentary, it that cost six sous. It is n't worth the money!’exclaimed
M. Roger.
is miscellaneous, it bubbles with sentiment and
The company had ceased to read in
corruscates with Hugoesque turns of thought myself. We were beaten. The gathering broke up
order to laugh. Nodier at length became silent like
and diction, it is eminently readable, — but it with a laugh, and our visiters went away. Nodier and
is not autobiography. As the editor, M. Paul I remained alone and pensive, thinking of the great
Meurice, conscientiously describes it, “it is a
works that are unappreciated, and amazed that the
intellectual education of the civilized peoples, and even
sort of haphazard chronique . . a series of
our own, his and mine, had advanced no further than
pictures of infinite variety." In externals, this
this."
rather stout volume of 400 odd pages is fairly
Some interesting details of the execution of
presentable ; but in point of typography and Louis XVI. were gathered by Hugo in 1840
proof-reading it is not, it must in candor be
from an eye-witness of the tragedy.
said, irreproachable. There is a tolerable front-
“ The executioners numbered four; two only per-
ispiece portrait of the author, but no index
formed the execution; the third stayed at the foot of
an unpardonable omission in an important work the ladder, and the fourth was on the waggon which
bristling with proper names and altogether
was to convey the King's body to the Madeleine Ceme-
tery. . . . Two priests, commissaries of the Commune,
likely to be marked by the reader as one valu-
sat in the Mayor's carriage laughing and conversing in
able for reference in the future.
loud tones. One of them, Jacques Roux, derisively
This “haphazard chronique” of Victor
” of Victor drew the other's attention to Capet's fat calves and ab-
Hugo's begins with the year 1825, with some domen. . . . The guillotine would appear to the crafts-
memories of the coronation of Charles X. at
men of to-day to be very badly constructed. The knife
was simply suspended from a pulley fixed in the centre
Rbeims —“Rheims the land of chimeras, which
of the upper beam. This pulley and a rope the thick-
is perhaps the reason that kings are crowned ness of a man's thumb constituted the whole apparatus.
there.”
The knife, which was not very heavily weighted, was of
“ A coronation was a godsend to Rheims. A flood of
small dimensions, and had a curved edge which gave it
opulent people inundated the city. It was the Nile that
the form of a reversed Phrygian cap. : .
At the mo-
was passing. Landlords rubbed their hands with glee.”
ment when the head of Louis XVI. fell, the Abbé
Edgeworth was still near the King. The blood spirted
Everything was forgotten, even civic pride in upon him. He hastily donned a brown overcoat, de-
the monuments of a historic past, in the desire scended from the scaffold and was lost in the crowd.”
to flatter the worthless royal ex.émigré then Among his many interesting conversations
coming (for a brief period, happily) to his own with Louis Philippe, Victor Hugo records one
again. À new iconoclasm attacked the superb in which the King spoke of meeting Pétion
facade of the cathedral.
and Robespierre at a dinner given by a wealthy
“ A month before the coronation a swarm of masons, manufacturer of Louviers, a M. Decréteau.
perched on ladders and clinging to knotted ropes, spent
a week smashing with hammers every bit of jutting portrait in a word when he said that his face was sug-
“ Mirabeau (said the King) aptly traced Robespierre's
*THE MEMOIRS OF VICTOR HUGO. With a Preface by
gestive of that of a cat drinking vinegar.' He was
Paul Meurice. Translated by John W. Harding. New York: very gloomy and hardly spoke. When he did let drop
G. W. Dillingham Co.
a word from time to time, it was uttered sourly and
-


356
(Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
with reluctance. He seemed to be vexed at having Let us turn to M. Hugo's memories of
come, and because I was there. In the middle of the
Academicians. Here is a pretty story at the
dinner, Pétion, addressing M. Decréteau, exclaimed:
• My dear host, you must get this buck married !' He
expense of Salvandy:
pointed to Robespierre. What do you mean, Pétion ?' “Salvandy recently dined with Villemain. Tho re-
retorted Robespierre. Mean,' said Pétion, 'why that past over, they adjourned to the drawing-room, and
you must get married. I insist upon marrying you.
conversed. As the clock struck eight, Villemain's three
You are full of sourness, hypochondria, gall, bad little daughters entered to kiss their father good night.
humor, biliousness, and atrabiliousness. I am fearful The youngest is named Lucette; she is a sweet and
of all this on our account. What you want is a woman charming child of five years. Well, Lucette, dear
to sweeten this sourness and transform you into an child,' said her father, 'won't you recite ono of Lafon-
easy-going old fogey.' Robespierre tossed his head and taine's fables before you go to bed ?' • Here,' observed
tried to smile, but only succeeded in making a grimace. M. de Salvandy, “is a little person who to-day recites
It was the only time that I met Robespierre in society.
fables and who one of these days will inspire romances.'
After that I saw him in the tribune of the Convention. Lucette did not understand. She merely gazed with
He was wearisome to a supreme degree, spoke slowly, big, wondering eyes at Salvandy, who was lolling in his
heavily, and at length, and was more sour, more gloomy,
chair with an air of benevolent condescension. Well,
more bitter than ever. It was easy to see that Pétion Lucette,' he went on, will you not recite a fable for
had not married him."
us ?' The child required no urging, and began in her
Louis Philippe's reflections on his English Salvandy: One easily believes one's self to be somebody
naïve little voice, her fine, frank eyes still fixed upon
experiences, as reported by Victor Hugo, are in France.""
interesting
Under the date April 22, 1847, we find re-
“ Have you seen the English Parliament ? You spoak corded in M. Hugo's notes the election to the
from your place, standing, in the midst of your own
party; you are carried away; you say more often than
Academy of M. Ampère :
not what others think instead of what you think your “ This is an improvement upon the last. A slow im-
self. There is a magnetic communication. You are provement. But Academies, like old people, go slowly.
subjected to it. You rise (here the King rose and imi During the session and after the election, Lamartine
tated the gesture of an orator speaking in Parliament). sent me by an usher the following lines:
The assembly ferments all round and close to you; you
'C'est un état peu prospére
let yourself go. On this side somebody says, England
D'aller d'Empis en Ampère.'
has suffered a gross insult'; and on that side, with I replied to him by the same usher:
gross indignity.' It is simply applause that is sought
• Toutefois ce serait pis
on both sides. Nothing more. But this is bad. In
D'aller d'Ampère en Empis.'”
France our tribune which isolates the orator has many
In his series of " Sketches made in the N&-
advantages. Of all the English statesmen, I have known
only one who was able to withstand this influence of
tional Assembly,” Victor Hugo draws a not too
assemblies. He was M. Pitt. M. Pitt was a clever flattering portrait of Thiers.
man, although he was very tall. He had an air of awk “M. Thiers wants to treat men, ideas, and revolution-
wardness and spoke hesitatingly, His lower jaw ary events with parliamentary routine. He plays his
weighed a hundredweight. . . . England resembles
old game of constitutional tricks in faco of abysms and
France in nothing. Over there are order, arrangement, the dreadful upheavals of the chimerical and unex-
symmetry, cleanliness, well-mown lawns, and profoundpected. . . . All his lifo he has been stroking cats,
silence in the streets. The passers-by are as serious and coaxing them with all sorts of cajoling processes
and as mute as spectres. When, being French and
and feline ways. To-day he is trying to play the same
alive, you speak in the street, these spectres look back
game, and does not see that the animals have grown
at you and murmur with an inexpressible mixture of beyond all measure and that it is wild beasts that he is
gravity and disdain, French people !"
keeping about him. A strange sight it is to see this
A curious anecdote is told of a visit of Louis little man trying to stroke the roaring mussle of a revo-
Philippe to Dreux, to put in order the bones
lution with his little hand. . . . I have always enter-
tained towards this celebrated statesman, this eminont
in the Orleans family sepulchre which had been
orator, this mediocre writer, this narrow-minded man,
violated during the Revolution.
an indefinable sentiment of admiration, aversion, and
“ The King had the coffin brought and opened before
disdain."
him. He was alone with the chaplain and two aidos The sketch of Lamartine conveys that poet's
de-camp. Another coffin, larger and stronger, had been
prepared. The King himself, with his own hands, took,
own opinion of some of his political colleagues
one after another, the bones of his ancestors from the (1850).
broken coffin and arranged them in the new one.
Ho During the session Lamartino came and sat beside
would not permit anyone else to touch them. From me in the place usually occupied by M. Arboy. While
time to time he counted the skulls and said: This is talking, he interjected in an undertone sarcastic remarks
Monsieur the Duke do Penthièvre. This is Monsieur about the orators in the tribune. Thiers spoke. Little
the Count de Beaujolais.' Then to the best of his abil scamp,' murmured Lamartine. Then Cavaignac made
ity he completed each group of bones. This ceremony his appearance. • What do you think about him?' said
lasted from nine o'clock in the morning until seven Lamartine. •For my part, these are my sentiments:
o'clock in the evening without the King taking either He is fortunate, he is brave, he is loyal, he is voluble-
rest or nourishment."
and he is stupid.' . . . A moment later Jules Favres


1899.]
357
THE DIAL
ascended the tribune. I do not know how they can or even with New York. The population of
seo a serpent in this man,' said Lamartine. He is a
New England and Virginia, being almost purely
provincial academician.' Laughing tho while, he took
a sheet of paper from my desk, asked me for a pen, asked English, was much more homogeneous than
Savatier-Laroche for a pinch of snuff, and wrote a few that of the English colonies ; the main stream
lines. This done, he mounted the tribune and addressed of political development or progress ran far
grave and haughty words to M. Thiers, who had been straighter and deeper ; they were much better
attacking the revolution of February. Then he returned
to our bench, shook hands with me while the Left ap-
fitted for political leadership when a national
plauded and the Right waxed indignant, and calmly
sentiment began to show itself, which leader-
emptied the snuff in Savatier-Laroche's snuffbox into ship they naturally assumed ; and for these very
his own.”
reasons, or at least for some of them, they are
The author's account of the siege of Paris, less picturesque and poetic than New York and
as he saw and endured it, is decidedly interest- Pennsylvania. Even elements in these colonies
ing, and is made up of extracts from note-books, that are dull in themselves become interesting
private and personal notes jotted down from day when studied in combination. Such is Mr.
to day. On the whole, the volume is a rich and Fiske’s opportunity, and he makes the most of
entertaining one — not, in form and tenor, just it. Whatever may have been his previous
what we expected and hoped to find it, but never view, no intelligent reader of the work is likely
theless one which amply repays perusal. to lay it down thinking that either it or the
E. G. J. subject is dull and uninteresting.
The stereotyped phrase “ the author plunges
at once into his subject” will not apply in this
MR. FISKE'S “ DUTCH AND QUAKER
case. The Introduction proper is two chapters,
COLONIES."
«The Mediæval Netherlands" and Dutch In-
The latest addition to Mr. John Fiske's
fluence upon England,” together comprising 57
While both chapters are interesting
popular bistorical series is plainly marked by pages.
the well-known characteristics of its author
and throw needed light upon the subject, the
wide reading, affluence of interesting facts and
introduction seems out of proportion to the
ideas, firm grasp of materials, great literary body of the work, especially as it has no direct
skill, fondness for episodes, keen enjoyment of bearing upon the history of Pennsylvania. The
the picturesque, much ingenuity in hypothesis
author lingers too long in the index. He does
and explanation, proneness to generalization, not bring Peter Minuet to Manhattan until
ardent Americanism, and greater conformity to
page 120 is reached.
truth in the picture than in the single stroke.
At the beginning of the second chapter, we
Still further, no subject that occurs in the series
are glad to find Mr. Fiske setting right those
gener-
is better suited to his peculiar genius than the good people who have accepted the crude
Dutch and Quaker Colonies ; perhaps no other
alizations propounded by Mr. Douglass Camp-
is so well suited to it. Until recently, and even
bell in his well-known book, “The Puritan in
now in diminished degree, the larger sources
England, Holland, and America.” Consider-
of interest in our early history have been found ing the undeniable facts that, collectively, the
in Virginia and New England - particularly
Thirteen Colonies were English colonies, and
in New England, for the reason in part, no
that the core of the American people has al-
doubt, that New England writers have con-
ways been English, the proposition that their
tributed more than any
other
most characteristic institutions are nevertheless
of writers
group
to our historical scholarship and literature; but
Dutch is, on the face of it, a bold one ; but such
discerning men are now coming to see that, if
is the love of novelty and paradox, of bold
the two great middle colonies exerted less po-
generalization and confident assertion, strength-
litical influence down to the Revolution than
ened in this case, according to our author, by
Virginia and Massachusetts, they nevertheless patriotic bias on the one hand and anglophobia
possess abundant elements that have an interest
on the other, that it has still obtained consider.
of their own.
able currency.
From the point of view fur-
And this notwithstanding the
nished by the word “people,” Massachusetts plain fact that there was less of democracy and
and Connecticut, and even Virginia, are tame
more of autocracy in New Netherland than in
and monotonous compared with Pennsylvania any one of the English colonies. Mr. Fiske very
THE DUTCH AND Quaker COLONIES IN AMERICA. By properly tells us that, in such matters, it is im.
John Fiske. In two volumes, with maps. Boston: Hough-portant to remember the difference between
ton, Miffin & Co.
post hoc and propter hoc; and he illustrates it


358
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
9
а
by the conclusive refutation of one of the main what is at most little more than a will-o'-the-
arguments by which Mr. Campbell supported wisp; but it does not satisfy our author.
his thesis.
“ We further loarn that the French Fort of Norom-
“For example, if in the sixteenth century we find beguo was situated on a small island (or partly sub-
free public schools in operation in the Netherlands but merged isthmus) in a lake upon the island of Manhattan.
not in England, we must beware of too hastily inferring
In other words, it was a little north of the present City
that the free schools of New England in the seven-
Hall. The lake, which the Dutch used to call some-
teenth century were introduced or copied from Holland.
times the Collect, sometimes the Fresh Water, was a
A different explanation is quite possible. One of the
familiar feature in New York until after the present
cardinal requirements of democratic Calvinism has century had come in. John Fitch used it for ospori-
always been elementary education for overybody. In
ments with a small steamboat in 1796."
matters of religion all souls are equally concerned, and We are then told that “the subject is not one
each individual is ultimately responsible for himself.
which admits of dogmatic assurance.
The Scriptures are the rule of life, and accordingly
each individual ought to be able to read them for him-
The same chapter furnishes a second exam-
self, without dependence upon priests. Hence it is one ple of the author's love of episodes. As intro-
of the prime duties of a congregation to insist that all ductory to his narrative of Henry Hudson and
its members shall know how to read, and if necessary
his discoveries, he gives a lengthy account of a
to provide them with the requisite instruction. In ac-
cordance with this Calvinistic idea some form of uni-
group of men in London, some of them con-
versal and compulsory elementary education sprang up
nected with the Muscovite Company, whose
during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries wherever names are spelled Hudson, Herdson, and some
Calvinism bad become dominant, - in the Protestant thirty other ways. The question is whether
parts of France and Switzerland, in Scotland, in the
Netherlands, and in New England. Obviously, then,
the great navigator belongs to this family, if
it might be held that free schools in New England were
indeed they constitute a family.
a natural development of Calvinism, and do not neces “ Into the relationships of these worthies we can go
sarily imply any especially close relation with Holland.” just far enough to be tantalized, for in matters of gen-
Mr. Fiske by no means denies that the Dutch
ealogy a miss is as bad as a mile; but there are fair
grounds for believing them all to have been kinsmen.
exerted an influence upon America indirectly It has been conjectured that Henry Hudson the Navi-
through England and directly through New gator was the grandson of Alderman Hudson."
Netherland; on the contrary, he concedes so So “conjecture” only comes out of the “ tan-
much influence that, in fact, he sometimes en talizing” inquiry. Why, then, give so much
dangers his own distinction between post and
space to it? This is the answer :
propter. However, the question is one of a “We learn from documents collected by Hakluyt
very difficult class of questions that can be that it was a custom for members of the Muscovy
answered only in general terms, and men will company to apprentice their children to the art of navi-
differ about them.
gation for the Company's service. It therefore seems
highly probable that Henry Hudson, as member of a
One of the most interesting passages to the family which had already for two generations been de-
student of political history is that in which the voted to the interests of British navigation, had grown
author points out that while Englishmen in up in the employ of the Company."
America rose superior to their former political The custom of the members of the
company
is
level in England, Dutchmen fell below theirs an interesting one, and we should be glad to
in Holland, and then states his explanation of know that Henry Hudson was bred up in such
the curious phenomena. We can only draw a service ; but even Mr. Fiske, at the beginning
attention to the
passage,
and
pass on.
of his inquiry, finds the word “conjecture
In Norum bega, Mr. Fiske finds one of those strong enough to express his faith, although he
side topics that never fail to fascinate him. He reaches - highly probable" in the end, in what
devotes to it ten pages. The region, the river, is at best but a “tantalizing inquiry.”
roll about the sixteenth century maps in a way
looked into schools and education in New York
to discourage attempts at locating them; but and Pennsylvania as carefully as he had pre-
Mr. Fiske, with his usual love of solutions, viously done in New England and Virginia.
happily succeeds in placing them all. The re This is the more to be regretted because it is
gion gives him little trouble ; but not so the not so very long ago that educational circles
river and the town. He follows Mr. Weise in were somewhat agitated by the question of the
identifying the river with the Hudson, and relative merits of Massachusetts and New
Mercator in placing the town on Manhattan York in public school pioneering. He treats
Island. As respects the town, it would seem of schools in the United Netherlands, but we
as though this were sufficiently definite for do not recall a word in regard to schools in


1899.]
359
THE DIAL
New Netherland. He deals with Van der Donckhand, the Dutch in New York, while by no
and his associates, but does not mention the means establishing a common-school system,
significant words concerning a public school did enough educational work to show that they
that they inserted in the “Reasons and Causes,” were of the Calvinistic lineage.
etc., that they caused to be sent to Amsterdam. Nor can we think that Mr. Fiske does full
He does full justice to the Quaker indifference justice to the Pennsylvania Germans. The
to higher education, and assigns it to its proper German Bible that they published at German-
cause ; which is an admirable example of the town thirty-nine years before an English Bible
practical efficacy of theological opinions. had appeared in any one of the colonies, is just
“ In spite of their liberalism, the Quakers attached one of those facts that we should have ex.
far less importance to education than the Puritans of pected Mr. Fiske to pick up in his reading ; but
New England. The majority of their preachers and
he does not seem to have done so, or at least
instructors were men of high moral tone and spiritual
does not mention it.
insight with scant learning, like George Fox himself.
Fox used to say that God stood in no need of human
We close as we began : the book is thor-
learning,' and that Oxford and Cambridge could not oughly characteristic of its author, and will be
make a minister.' Quakers, in studying the Bible, de accounted one of the brilliant pieces of histor-
pended upon their Inner Light rather than that critical
ical writing of its period.
interpretation of texts to which the orthodox Puritans
B. A. HINSDALE.
attached so much importance. A knowledge of Hebrew,
therefore, was not highly valued; and as for Greek and
Latin literature, it was the unsanctified work of pagans,
while the poets of France and Italy dealt with worldly
and frivolous themes. In these respects we must re-
THREE - QUARTERS OF THE NINETEENTH
member that Penn was as far from being a typical
CENTURY.*
Quaker as Milton, with his pervading artistic sense, his
love of music and the theatre, and his long curling hair, Mr.John Sartain's “Reminiscences of a Very
was from being a typical Puritan. George Fox and Old Man" cover the most magnificent period
John Cotton are respectively the typical men. The
of the world's history; for surely never was
latter, who spent twelve hours a day in study, and said,
• I love to sweeten my mouth with a piece of Calvin
more done for civilization than during a life
before I go to sleep,' could write and speak fluently in which includes the years from 1808 to 1897.
Greek, Latin, and Hebrew, besides carrying a ponderous Mr. Sartain was born in London, and there
burden of philological, metaphysical, and theological spent his youth. His keen memory runs back
real scholarship was commonly found, and it was some-
to his sixth year, when he was carried by his
times of a high order; and this was because sound
father to the Peace Jubilee of 1814, to view
scholarship was supposed to be conducive to soundness the gay scenes by day and the fireworks at
in doctrines. This explains the founding of Harvard night. And then to school. Why children
College in the wilderness in 1636.
were sent to such cruel masters
one of Sar-
“ To the Quaker, whose mind was directly illuminated
by light from above, this elaborate equipment was mere
tain's was Tom Crib, ex-champion pugilist of
rubbish. It was, therefore, not strange that in colonial | England stands as a mystery to us to-day.
times the higher education in Pennsylvania owed little By the time the lad was ten years old, flogging
to Quakers."
not for demerit, but on the principle laid
Still, it must be said that not all the early down by Solomon—had so embittered him with
Quakers were obscurantists as respects the school that nothing could induce him to go fur-
higher education ; such men as Barclay, author ther with it. His life-work began two years
of the " Apology,” Ellwood, who read the later. While digging in a trench in a neigh-
classics to Milton in his blindness, and Penn bor's garden, overlooked by the laboratory of
himself had a genuine love of learning. Mr. the Italian pyrotechnist and scene - painter
Fiske adds that the Quakers were nevertheless Mortram, that worthy's attention was attracted
careful, as people of practical sense, to teach to the vigorous manner in which young Sartain
their children the three R's, and speaks of the was handling his shovel — the truth being that
early schools of Philadelphia ; but he does not the boy was in a fit of temper at the time.
tell us that, although Penn strove to avert such Mortram bespoke the services of so diligent an
a result, the Quakers of Pennsylvania, with the assistant, and Sartain went to work for him.
full control of the Assembly in their hands
Among
other things, Mortram was in charge
down to the Revolution, still never set up even of the department of "steam, smoke, and fire”
the semblance of a public school system, which at Charles Kemble's play-house, the Theatre
was really due to their religion, and so confirms
*RECOLLECTIONS OF A VERY OLD Max: 1808-1897. By
the paragraph quoted above. On the other John Sartain. Now York: D. Appleton & Co.


360
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
Royal, Covent Garden; and the life with him encouraged thereby, Sartain went to New York
was hard but not monotonous. The boy was and delivered his letters there. Among many
in daily contact with the popular players of the others he met Sully, the portrait painter, who
day, Farren, Abbott, Mrs. Chatterton, Mr. and was warm in his commendation of Penn's capi-
Mrs. Fawcett, and the accomplished songstress tal, and urged him to settle there, at the same
Miss Stephens, who was to become Countess of time giving him his portrait of Bishop White
Essex. Occasionally Kemble's lovely daughter to engrave. With orders from Henry C. Carey
Fanny was to be seen by the admiring lad, but and Thomas T. Ash, both publishers, and from
she was too young
for any professional connec John Neagle the artist, as well, success was
tion with the theatre. Always fond of his already assured a man of Sartain's abilities,
pencil, it was behind the scenes that Sartain's and he henceforth reckoned Philadelphia as his
abilities obtained their first recognition, Mort home. There are interesting tales of his fellow-
ram sending him to make a sketch of the artists, and of the somewhat deplorable con.
“White Horse Cellar” in Piccadilly, a view of dition of the Academy of Fine Arts in Chestnut
which was wanted for a piece in rehearsal. street; and we are reminded that Rebecca, the
Though sufficiently contented with his work beautiful daughter of Herman Gratz, for many
under Mortram, after various changes John years Sartain's colleague on the board of the
Sartain was apprenticed, at the age of fourteen, Academy, was the original of the Rebecca in
to John Swaine, in order to learn the art of Sir Walter Scott's “Ivanhoe,” Washington
engraving. The work was purely commercial, Irving having told the great novelist of her
cutting names on door-plates, dog-collars, many beauties of mind and body.
and the like. But William Young Ottley In January, 1841, George R. Graham pub-
chanced to see some scraps of line-work from lished the first number of “Graham's Maga-
the boy's hand, and borrowed him from his zine.” One of its features was an original
master to aid him in completing a work begun engraving from Sartain's hand, a new plate to
thirty years before in Rome- a piece of splen- accompany each number. The success of the
did good-luck for his pupil. This was nothing enterprise was a surprise to Graham himself,
less than “The Early Florentine School," a and it brought him so many offers to engage
folio of engravings from the works of the in enticing schemes that he soon left the
masters of Florence, including examples of magazine to run itself. As a result, in 1848
their best compositions during two centuries everything was sold to satisfy his creditors,
and a half. Ottley was known not only as a leaving the engraver the opportunity to begin
most learned antiquary in art matters but as the publication of “Sartain's Union Magazine."
an accomplished artist, and within the year For eighteen months Edgar Allan Poe was
Sartain had engraved three plates throughout, assistant editor of “Graham's Magazine," with
two after Bennozo Gossoli and the third after
a salary of eight hundred dollars a year; and
Giotto. This work, naturally congenial, was there is nothing in the book of more interest
performed in Ottley's gallery, amid surround-
than the intimacy which grew up between Sar-
ings which were in themselves an education.
tain and Poe. This lasted through the estab-
Mr. Sartain presently returned to Swaine lishment of the Union Magazine," and many
and his task-work, but was permitted to take of Poe's most notable works found publication
orders outside, and finally succeeded in buying in its pages, " The Bells” among others. Mr.
off the rest of his time. He then became the Sartain tells us that “ Annabel Lee” was the
pupil of Richter for eight months, escaping last poem Poe ever wrote. It was bought for
from that taskmaster with considerable diffi.
his periodical, but before publication it was
culty to set up for himself, engraving fancy found that it had already been sold to three
subjects on order from publishers, but finding other publishers. A most unhappy glimpse of
his greatest profit in individual portraits. The
the poet's compounded misfortunes is told in
chance meeting with a young engraver in stip- these words:
ple, who urged going to America, turned Sar-
“ The last time I saw Mr. Poe was late in 1849, and
tain's thoughts in that direction; and, after then under such peculiar and almost fearful conditions
marrying the daughter of Swaine, he embarked that the experience can never fade from my memory.
for Philadelphia July 4, 1830, taking with him Early one Monday afternoon he suddenly entered my
an abundance of letters of introduction.
engraving room, looking pale and haggard, with a wild
and frightened expression in his eyes. I did not let
After satisfying himself that a livelihood was
him see that I noticed it, and shaking him cordially by
obtainable in Philadelphia, and being greatly I the hand invited him to be seated, when he began,"Mr.


1899.]
361
THE DIAL
Sartain, I have come to you for a refuge and protec-
tion; will you let me stay with you? It is necessary
to my safety that I lie concealed for a time.' I assured
him that he was welcome, that in my house he would
be perfectly safe, and that he could stay as long as he
liked, but asked him what was the matter. . After
he had had time to calm down a little, he told me that
he had been on his way to New York, but he had over-
heard some men who sat a few seats back of him plotting
how they should kill him and then throw him from the
platform of the car. He said they spoke so low that
it would have been impossible for him to bear and un-
derstand the meaning of their words, had it not been
that his sense of hearing was so wonderfully acute.
They could not guess that he heard them, as he sat so
quiet and apparently indifferent to what was going on,
but when the train arrived at the Bordentown station
he gave them the slip and remained concealed until
the cars moved on again. He had returned to Phila-
delphia by the first train back, and hurried to me for
refuge."
Mr. Sartain tried to reassure his guest by tell-
ing him that he had imagined all these things.
He did more: he took Poe home with him, gave
him his slippers to take the place of shoes too
much worn for further service, and after sup-
per took him out to walk. Poe was at the point
of suicide, and in no respect his own master.
While they were together that evening, others
of the poet's imaginary experiences were con-
fided to his friend, one of them in this language,
as nearly as Mr. Sartain can recollect it:
"• I was confined to a cell in Moyamensing Prison,
and through my grated window was visible the battle-
mented granite tower. On the topmost stone of the
parapet, between the embrasures, stood perched against
the sky a young female brightly radiant, like silver
dipped in light, either in herself or her environment,
80 that the cross-bar shadows thrown from my window
were distinct on the opposite wall. From this position,
remote as it was, she addressed to me a series of ques-
tions in words not loud but distinct, and I dared not
fail to hear and make response. Had I failed once
either to hear or to make pertinent answer, the con-
sequences to me would have been something fearful;
but my sense of hearing is wonderfully acute, so that I
passed safely through this ordeal, which was a snare to
catch me.'”
These imaginings of Poe are told at great
length, and are all of the same character.
Sartain kept the perturbed spirit with him un-
til rest and good food had worked a partial
recovery, when Poe resumed his interrupted
journey to New York. Sartain never saw him
again. Within a month he lay dead in the
hospital at Baltimore. Of the last days of
Edgar Allan Poe on earth, Sartain has this to
say—a statement which contradicts much that
has been written of him, notably the memoir
of Professor Woodbury:
“In those [last] few weeks how much had happened,
and how hopeful seemed the prospects for his future.
He [Poe] had joined a temperance society, delivered
lectures, resumed friendly relations with an early flame
of his, Mrs. Sarah E. Shelton, and become engaged to
her. Dr. John J. Moran, who attended the poet in his
last moments, says that Poe parted from her at hør
residence in Richmond at four in the afternoon of Oct-
ober 4, 1849, to go north. She states that when he
said "good-bye' he paused a moment as if reflecting,
and then said to her, I have a singular feeling amount-
ing to a presentiment, that this will be our last meeting
until we meet to part no more,' and then walked slowly
and sadly away. Reaching the Susquehanna, he refused
to venture across because of the wildness of the storm-
driven water, and he returned to Baltimore. Alighting
from the cars, he was seen to turn down Pratt street on
the south side, followed by two suspicious looking char-
acters as far as the south-west corner of Pratt and
Light streets. A fair presumption is that they got him
into one of the abominable places that lined the wbarf,
drugged him, and robbed him of everything. Aftor
daybreak, on the morning of the sixth, a gentleman
found him stretched unconscious upon a broad plank
across some barrels on the sidewalk. Recognizing him,
ho obtained a hack and gave the driver a card with Mr.
Moran's address on it and on the lower right-hand cor-
ner the name of Poe.'
“At the hospital he was disrobed of the wretched
apparel which had been exchanged for his good clothing
of the day before, and he was put comfortably to bed.
After consciousness returned the doctor said to him,
• Mr. Poe, you are extremely weak; pulse very low; I
will give you a glass of toddy.' He answered, Sir, if
I thought its potency would transport me to the Elysian
bowers of the undiscovered spirit world, I would not
take it.' Then I will give you an opiate to ensure you
sleep and rest.' He replied, • Twin sister-spectre to the
doomed and crazed mortals of earth and perdition.'
The doctor records he found no tremor of his person,
no unsteadiness of his nerves, no fidgetting with his
hands, and not the slightest odour of liquor on his
breath or person.
Poe said after a sip or two of cold
water, • Doctor, it's all over.' Dr. Moran confirmed
his belief that his end was near, and asked if he had any
word or wish for his friends. He answered, Nover-
more,' and continued, He who arched the heavens and
upholds the universe has His decrees legibly written
upon the frontlet of every human being and upon
devils
incarnate.' These were his last words, his glassy eyes
rolled back, a slight tremor, and the immortal soul of
Edgar Allan Poo passed into the spirit world, October
7, 1849, aged thirty-eight. The accepted statement
that Poe died in a drunken debauch is attested by Dr.
Moran to be a calumny. He died from a chill causod
by exposure during the night under a cold October sky,
clad only in the thin old bombazine coat and trousers
which had been substituted for his own warm clothing."
Mr. Sartain has an interesting paragraph
on the honoraria paid to authors while he was
publishing his magazine. He says :
Longfellow never received less than fifty dollars
each for his numerous articles. Horace Binney Wal-
lace was paid forty dollars for his article on Washing-
ton Irving, and Poe received forty-five dollars for • The
Bells.' In the form he first submitted it, consisting of
eighteen lines of small merit, he received fifteen dollars;
but after he had rewritten and improved it to a hun-
dred and thirteen lines he was paid thirty dollars more.


362
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
Poe received thirty dollars for his article on The ism whose shibboleth was one's willingness
Poetic Principle.'
"Dr. Bethune's four-page articles on . Aunt Betsy' all, to share in the incipient liberating move-
to be damned for the glory of God; and, above
brought him fifty dollars each. Nathaniel P. Willis
and Joseph R. Chandler received fifty dollars each for ment of Coleridge without giving up the su-
their five or six page articles, and Francis J. Grund premacy of a logic “ as faultless as unconvinc-
sixty-five dollars for his article on Kossuth. John Neal | ing.” From all the algebra of the schools, Dr.
was paid twenty-five dollars for • What is Poetry?' and
Bushnell appealed to experience and life. God
Professor Joseph Alden averaged thirty-five dollars for
each of bis contributions. Miss Brown and Edith and
was something more to him than a dogma; the
Caroline May averaged about ten or twelve dollars a Trinity, something more than a puzzle for
poem, and William Dowe was content to receive four metaphysicians; and religion something more
dollars a page for his prose, a page holding nearly nine than tradition. At his best, he was not a logi-
hundred words. Many poems of merit were printed
that cost only five dollars each, it being well understood cian, and his least satisfactory thought is that
that the name is valued as well as the writing.”
in which, not yet able to break quite away from
Of a most interesting journey abroad in
the spirit of his time, he deemed it necessary
1863, of the founding of the art schools of the
to use the methods of the formal thinker. In
Pennsylvania Academy, of the part taken in
his own estimation, Bushnell's chief duty un-
the art collections of the Centennial Exposi- doubtedly lay in a re-statement of the current
tion, and of many other matters which have evangelicalism, from a different point of view
left America greatly in John Sartain's debt,
and with a greater reliance upon the data fur-
there is no room to speak. The book de
nished by nature and human experience. In
serves to be read as a whole. It is well reality, he started men toward the more help-
written, delightfully illustrated, and an excel-
ful and rational if less systematic theology that
lent compendium of art extending over many
endeavors to re-shape religious teaching on a
years. Mr. Sartain died in Philadelphia, uni. | foundation broader than texts wrenched from
versally regretted, October 25, 1897.
any portion of the Scripture, and, whether
MINNA ANGIER.
poetry or vision or history or aspiration or
oriental apalogue, treated like definitions cast
in the mould of Aquinas or Calvin, and ar-
ranged according to the inevitable processes of
A MAN OF THE THEOLOGICAL RENAIS-
Aristotle. And therefore it was that he became
SANCE IN NEW ENGLAND.*
the sweetening, broadening influence that he
For a generation, the memory of Horace was and is,- a man of the theological Renais-
Bushnell has been held in reverence and grat sance in New England.
itude, perhaps all the deeper because so many It is a matter of congratulation that Dr.
of his own contemporaries saw in him so much Munger has told so fairly the story of Dr.
of heresy and danger. Within a certain group Bushnell's life, with its struggles with zealous
of theologians, it is true, this prejudice still critics, and has discussed his teachings so sym.
holds sway ; but its existence is a tribute to pathetically. For we are not without the dog-
their own Philistine logic - or "dodge,” as matist to-day, and popular theology is still in
Jowett called the process. As a matter of fact, need of the emancipation and sanity and re-
there is probably not to-day an evangelical ligious fervor that speaks in Bushnell's treat-
thinker who is genuinely modern — that is, one ises, and above all in his sermons.
who is moved by the scientific rather than the
SHAILER MATHEWS.
metaphysical impulse — who would not find
himself thoroughly in sympathy with Bush-
Miss KATHARINE COMAN and Miss Elizabeth Kimball
nell's main positions.
Kendall are the joint authors of “ A History of England
It is hard to imagine the New England out for High Schools and Academies" (Macmillan). The vol-
of which Bushnell sprang and whose closely-
ume is well fitted for the year's work in English history
wrought theology he abandoned first as an ag-
for which the more progressive of our secondary schools
now provide, and meets the corresponding entrance
nostic before the Agnostics, and then as the
requirements of a number of our universities. It is
representative of religious life rather than of a balanced book of the modern type, so prepared as
dogma. Dr. Munger has admirably described to encourage collateral reading and the study of the
the “New England theology" as it strove to
sources. The illustrations are numerous and chosen with
“improve” Edwards ; to rationalize a Hopkins fair judgment, although the selection of portraits is now
*HORACE BUAHNELL, PREACHER AND THEOLOGIAN. By The maps, of which more than thirty are included, con-
Theodore L. Munger. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. stitute a valuable educational feature of this work.


1899.)
363
THE DIAL
tain Sigsbee's mere surmise as positive proof that
THE WAR WITH SPAIN, AND AFTER.* Spanish officials had guilty knowledge of the
The later books dealing with the war with Spain
Maine's destruction; he follows the new fashion of
and its results differ for the most part from those
decrying the fathers of the country and the Decla-
reviewed in THE DIAL soon after the cessation of
ration of Independence by calling the Congressional
hostilities. Nearly all the works having historical
resolution “ That the people of the Island of Cuba
pretension make an honest attempt to deal fairly
are, and of right ought to be, free and independent,"
with the facts, omitting self-praise and commenting
“purely rhetorical” just as it was “when Richard
adversely upon some of the details of our conduct
Henry Lee first read it to the Continental Con-
of the war, on the one side ; while on the other, a gress (page 42); he invents (page 51) bright
glittering imperialism leads to the bewilderment of moonlight for the end of Admiral Dewey's voyage
history in the volumes dealing with the war at
on the night of April 30, 1898, and, having invented
second-hand, and arguments strange to American
it, is forced to invent a stoppage of the American
ears are used to bolster up European ideas of colo- squadron off Corregidor until the supposititious
nies and conquests.
moon can set; he blames (page 77) Congress, the
people, and the press, for the scandals in the various
Mr. Henry Cabot Lodge's account of “ The War
bureaus of the War Department - though he is
with Spain º exhibits bim as an ardent partisan careful not to mention what these were nor the fatal
and a good hater, with but little of the historian's
results which flowed from them — when it is certain
patience in research or capacity for impartiality.
His book is sometimes violent, frequently unfair,
that it lay within the powers of the Chief Executive
to do away with the cause of them; he omits all
and often untrue. He professes a seventh-day
statement of the outrageous nepotism which put the
admiration for Great Britain which leaves us won-
“sons of somebody” (a Spanish phrase) in positions
dering for his sincerity; while in Spain he sees
for which they were unfitted; he actually blames
neither the gallant adversary nor the defeated foe,
Schley (page 89, note) because Sampson did not
but rather the sum of all iniquities brought low
furnish the Navy Department with a copy of the
by the decrees of Jehovah. His admiration for
note in which he orders Schley to remain off Cien-
Great Britain he shares with admiration for Rear-
fuegos ; he omits the date of Hobson's sinking the
Admiral Sampson, while his detestation of Spain
Merrimac; he asserts an absolute untruth in saying
includes a detestation of Rear-Admiral Schley.
Holding a brief for the one, he does not scruple to the American whips throughout the battle of July 3
write the other down, et suppressio veri et suggestio (page 138), and so on, with blunders, embellishments,
falsi being freely used to that end. The result is
exaggerations, and untruths of the same sort on
unhappy; yet the book is so generally inaccurate
nearly every page.
But those who recall the atti-
that these things are merely incidental. By way of
tude of Mr. Lodge toward Great Britain, patent in
example, Mr. Lodge makes it appear (page 20) that
President Cleveland was blameworthy for respecting
his speeches in Congress and his previous books at
all times, will wonder most at the comfort he can
the nation's treaty obligations with Spain in respect
now extract from England's “old red ensign,” now
of filibustering; he suppresses all mention of the
" looking very friendly and very welcome," and at
representation of the Six Great Powers of Europo
his open advocacy of an alliance with that once
to President McKinley on April 7, 1898, though
such action is as mischievous in its possibilities as
detested power. He is seemingly unaware of that
better English opinion, voiced by the poet upon our
it is unprecedented in our history; he makes no
declaration of war, thus :
mention of Spain's offer to arbitrate its differences
“The sly Freebooters of the Earth
with this country and our absolutely unexplained
Open their ranks, to welcome in
refusal of that request; he quotes (page 31) Cap-
The youngest Race God brought to birth,
By serpent reasons lured to sin.
*THE WAR WITH SPAIN. By Henry Cabot Lodge. New
York: Harper & Brothers.
"Peace and goodwill '— the promise failed
THE ROUG# RIDERS. By Theodore Roosevelt. New York:
As soon as made, erased with gore;
Charles Scribner's Sons.
And once again the Christ is haled
REMINISCENCES OF THE SANTIAGO CAMPAIGN. By Captain
Behind the reeking wheels of war.”
John Bigelow, U.S. A. New York: Harper & Brothers. Governor Roosevelt's account of his regiment,
THE FUN AND FIGHTING OF THE ROUGH RIDERS. By Tom
“The Rough Riders," is surcharged with that en-
Hall. New York: F. A. Stokes Co.
OUR CONQUESTS IN THE PACIFIC. By Oscar King Davis.
thusiasm which has characterized his public life.
New York: F. A. Stokes Co.
Other regiments have been more famous in history,
PUERTO Rico: Its CONDITIONS AND PossiBILITIES. By but none illustrates 80 thoroughly the possibilities
William Dinwiddie. New York: Harper & Brothers.
of modern newspaper advertisement as his. That
THE NEW BORN CUBA. By Franklin Mathews. New
it surpassed by even a little many of the other
York: Harper & Brothers.
commands, both regular and volunteer, in any re-
AVERICA IN THE East. By William Elliot Griffis. New
York: A. S. Barnes & Co.
spect save in the publicity given its movements, no
THE RESCUE OF CUBA. By Andrew S. Draper, LL.D. one is quicker to deny than its gallant colonel here;
Now York: Silver, Burdett & Co.
that it did anything more than its duty, he is no less


364
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
eager to contradict; yet this is the second or third attendants, suddenly strode from the wings to the stage,
large volume devoted exclusively to the history of
and struggled for the centre and the rays of the lime-
this one regiment. Such chronicling certainly light. And no sooner did the curtain fall on the scene
tends toward giving a disproportionate sense of
than the characters grabbed pen and ink and began
even its great deserts, just as the stress laid upon
writing about it. The result is a mass of historical data
its somewhat miscellaneous personnel is likely to
fairly appalling in its contradictory evidence. The ef-
fect of all this upon the present scribe is such that he
leave the impression that American volunteer regi-
can look upon all history with a dubious smile and ex-
ments generally are not taken from widely varied
claim at each volume, I wonder why you wrote this,'and
classes - of which we used not to hear so much - • I wonder why you wrote that.' Men who saw little or
in the communities which send them forth. If the nothing of the events of the next ten days have written
book does not err on the side of modesty, it is cer the most surprising things, and men who were near
tainly readable, and the men it celebrates deserve enough to see have written absolutely amazing things
well at the hands of their countrymen.
about them. The campaign was a short one, but the
An admirable book in nearly all respects is the
history that records it will be a long one."
“Reminiscences of the Santiago Campaign" which
Mr. Hall, at least, does not fear to tell the truth.
Captain John Bigelow, U.S.A., has felt impelled to
His estimate of Guasimas can be told from the
write. Brother to that Mr. Poulteney Bigelow foregoing; El Caney he calls “& useless victory,
whose patriotic outspokenness respecting the lack
won at an awful cost”; and the siege of Santiago
of preparation for the Santiago campaign earned
and the previous fighting are summarized in a preg-
the criticism of Mr. R. H. Davis and others, Cap-
nant sentence: “A siege without siege guns was
tain Bigelow is equally plain in his arraignment of
the logical climax of a battle without tactics and a
the authorities for permitting this and other similar campaign without strategy.” If the nation were
abuses. Yet he permits himself to be distracted
not so slow to see that luck was the chief factor in
from the real issue by holding the people to blame
American success in Cuba, military reform would
for the political appointments to military positions, be possible.
advancing proof of this by showing that Congres A work of another sort, though no less interest-
sional influence was generally at work. Similar ing than the best of the others, “Our Conquests in
attempts have been made to hold the former Secre- the Pacific,” is a reprint in book form of the letters
tary of War accountable for such errors. Unless sent to the New York “Sun” from May to Decem-
we are to go to the point of a responsible min-ber, 1898, by its correspondent in the Philippines,
istry and an impeccable head of the government at Mr. Oscar King Davis. Reflecting as a matter of
a breath, it requires nothing more than re-statement course the pronounced attitude toward the war
to show that the Chief Executive is constitutionally which his paper identified itself with, Mr. Davis
responsible in these cases, and not his subordinates still gives estimates of the Filipino patriots which
and appointees, nor yet the Congress. The con are highly encouraging to those advocating local
cluding chapter in the book is of great value, and self-government. It is interesting to be told that
Captain Bigelow should be listened to when he Major-General Wesley Merritt is not greedy for the
avers the possibility of increasing the efficiency of sort of fame which is falling upon the shoulders of
our regular army at least three-tenths, without Major-General Otis. The author, it may be added,
adding to its numbers
as 80 many seem eager
was one of the men who protested recently against
to do in the face of all national tradition.
the latter officer's suppression and distortion of news.
Tom Hall, well known to the readers of the Calm, dispassionate, and statistical, Mr. William
lighter magazines as a frequent contributor in both Dinwiddie still depends largely upon profuse illus-
prose and verse, was adjutant of the First United tration to make bis work on Porto Rico attractive.
States Volunteer Cavalry during the Cuban war. The fourth or fifth of recent works treating of this
He supports Captain Bigelow by the relation of his
island, it is by much the most inclusive. Here,
experiences in Cuba, which he calls “ The Fun and too, the actions of the American authorities is sub-
Fighting of the Rough Riders.” The “fun," it is jected to searching criticism,— as in the case of
curious to relate, was afforded largely by the blun- Major-General Miles's startling decree fixing the
ders of the regular soldiers under officers who, like value of the native peso at fifty cents American.
Mr. Hall, were graduates of the Military Academy. Yet he permits the attitude of the Chief Executive
at West Point. He bears witness to the mass of in leaving the ports of the island to remain closed
inaccurate writing which has overwhelmed the his against American imports, and the ports of the
tory of the Santiago campaign, saying:
United States to remain similarly closed against
“ Accounts agree on almost everything that happened Porto Rican exports, to pass without animadversion.
in the campaign up to the morning of the 24th of June, Nothing is said, except in the most general terms,
1898, the day of the battle of Guasimas — battle, skir-
of the distress resulting, which was already acute
mish, surprise, ambush, glorious victory, waste of en-
when the summer hurricane brought the suffering
ergy, whichever the reader chooses to call it from his
to the point of agony.
point of view. From this time on to the truce, ten days
later, no two persons seem to agree. Heroism, Ability,
“ The New-Born Cuba ” of Mr. Franklin Ma-
Incompetence, Ambition, Jealousy, and their train of thews differs from the preceding volume in being


1899.)
365
THE DIAL
urges that
is an
largely the work of a newspaper man who is report of Sulu. This leads the author, when he comes to
ing the condition of the island during the first sixty discuss imperialism, to limit the objections of those
days of American occupation as seen through the who stand upon the uniform precedents of the
eyes of the officials in charge of its new destinies. United States up to the moment of the sinking of
The author evidently believes that the Congressional Montojo's fleet to a single brief paragraph, while
resolution which pledges the United States to take he sets forth with evident approval some pages of
possession of the island for no longer time than arguments favoring a completion of the conquest
will suffice “for the pacification thereof” should which Spain had found impossible. He
be interpreted to mean “ for the permanent pacifi- | “the capture of a seat of government . . . is con-
cation thereof” – which will, of course, mean any sidered to carry with it the territory of which it
thing the Administration chooses to have it mean. is the capital city,” though Washington was as
Deriving his impressions from the military men in ignorant of this during the Revolutionary war, 80
charge of Cuba, his report is exceedingly favorable far as Boston, New York, or Philadelphia was con-
to the work they have done, which, indeed, appears cerned, as Madison was in respect of the city of
to have been excellently well done for the most Washington or the Canadians of the city of York
part. He bears ample testimony to the fact that in the war of 1812, or the Confederates concerning
there is no disorder throughout the extent of Cuba Richmond in the Civil war, or the Spanish respect-
at this time, and is frank enough to report those ing Havana or San Juan de Puerto Rico in the war
American generals correctly who believe in with just past. After such a misreading of history as
drawing now, and leaving its inhabitants to work that, one expects to find German spoliation of French
out their own salvation like the rest of Latin territory advanced as a valid precedent for Ameri-
America.
cans to follow. This is the first of a series of
Doctor Griffis's “America in the East
European examples which we belated Americans
intelligent but not too accurate summary of what are urged to emulate : the islands are rich and un-
the United States has stood for in China, Japan, developed, so it is our duty to develop them, regard-
and Hawaii, overlaid with much special pleading for less of compulsory native or coolie labor. The
the conquest of the Philippines in order that the islands must be occupied for military purposes and
archipelago may be joined to our national domain. "to enlarge our power upon the seas, a power
The annexation of Hawaii is gloried in, of course, which will not require enlargement if we leave them
distrustful as it must make the world of the dis to their occupants. The islands must be ours 80
interestedness of the American missionary. All that we can spread the gospel among the heathen
our historical precedents are passed by, of necessity, or Roman Catholics, as in Mexico— the good
in order to uphold the policy which is to give us doctor forgetting that he has shown just before, in
“empire.” Holding that the tropics are not to be treating of the Carolines, that this result was there
exploited by the white man at the brown man's effected by simple treaty. The islands must be
expense, the author still appeals to the conduct of ours because civil turmoil would ensue upon our
the English and Dutch in eastern countries in justi-withdrawal, our present administration of them
fication of our own highhandedness. Mr. Benja- apparently leaving nothing to be desired in this
min Kidd's “Control of the Tropics” is quoted respect. The islands must become American be-
approvingly up to the moment his argument be-
we are bound to establish free institutions
comes effective, then ignored in favor of intangi- where American soldiers have, against armed re-
bilities. History is defied in the surprising theory sistance, carried the American flag" - as prepos-
that “responsibilities bring with them the capacity terous an argument as was over used to bolster a
for meeting them,” and the case of President bad cause, being absolutely disproved by our sensi-
Arthur is cited against the awful object-lessons of ble refusal to attempt any such thing in the Bar-
American misconduct in Alaska and Hawaii, as in bary States, in Canada, in Mexico, and in numerous
our national dealings with the Indian and the Negro, minor instances of the same sort extending over
which show this to be the most pitiable and con our entire national history. Then comes the curious
temptible of fallacies. It is a pity that it should statement that our policy up to the present time, the
be obligatory here, in the face of Dr. Griffis's other policy under which we have acquired our one great-
works, to pronounce such a judgment, but this last ness in a national reputation for generosity and
book of his is a specious appeal away from historical peacefulness, is finally outgrown, and "the time has
facts and American ideals to the least worthy preju come when our national interests require we shall
dices of evangelical Christianity.
take our place among the nations and assume our
Doctor Draper, in his book on “ The Rescue of part in managing the affairs of the whole world,”
Cuba,” follows in the same uneasy path. He extols with a great deal more about "obeying the impulses
the war with Spain as a precedent in favor of liberty, of our Saxon, Dutch, and Norman blood” (why
humanity, and justice,- ignoring completely and not our Quaker and other Christian blood?); and
conveniently the precedents to the contrary estab the most extraordinary statement of all, that we
lished by the war of conquest now waging against ought to hold the Philippines because continental
our truculent fellow-citizens, the Tagalos, or by the Europe in general and Great Britain in particular
payment of tribute to our new suzerain, the Sultan wish us to! Shades of the Fathers! was Washing-
cause


366
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
bottom rung
Mr. Bullen's
Best Book.
The Sonnets
ton, then, 80 far wrong when he said in the most Dana's “Two Years Before the Mast”- for, it is
solemn manner,
Against the insidious wiles of perhaps needless to say, Mr. Bullen began at the
foreign influence, I conjure you to believe me,
or, rather, ratline- of the maritime
fellow citizens, the jealousy of a free people ought ladder ; namely, as cabin-boy. His first ship was
to be constantly awake, since history and experience the “ Arabella,” bound for Demarara, a leaky old
prove that foreign influence is one of the most bane “ hooker” (heavily insured, probably, by her thrifty
ful foes of Republican Government”?
owners) commanded by a skipper whose good-will
WALLACE RICE. toward Mr. Ballen took the painful form of beating
nautical wisdom into his head with belaying-pins,
and seasoning his young “hide” against the stripes
of fortune with rope's-ends, on the plan so splen-
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
didly vindicated in the person of the immortal
Bunsby. Subsequent voyages took Mr. Bullen to
We see no reason for the excessive
Havana, to Jamaica, back to London and Liver-
“ 'umbleness” manifested by Mr.
Frank T. Bullen in the preface to
pool, to Bombay, to Rangoon, to Melbourne, ete.
The regular routine of the British merchant sailor's
his new book, “ The Log of a Sea-Waif” (Apple- life is graphically and faithfully depicted, in good,
ton). Mr. Bullen starts out by meekly kotowing plain English, and with a sufficient spice of wholly
to certain sea-writers, all but one of whom are, as
believable yet sufficiently stirring adventure, afloat
such, in almost every respect his own inferiors; and
and ashore. In short, Mr. Bullen's book is just
he then indignantly asks himself, “ Who, then, are
the sort of one we hoped he would write ; and we
you, that pretends to compete with these master
trust that his “So long!” at its close implies that
magicians?” Not content with this immodest ex-
it will be continued. There are eight illustrations.
hibition of modesty, he goes on to further abase
himself by describing himself as one "permitted to
It will hardly be expected that we
cater for the reading public in sterling periodicals'
shall do complete justice to a new
of Shakespeare.
by "the greatest kindness and indulgence on the
book on Shakespeare's Sonnets in a
part of men” (editors and publishers, we suppose) single short notice. We shall try to indicate one
“ holding high positions in the literary world”; and point only concerning Mr. Jesse Johnson's “ Testi-
he winds up by styling bis book the "autobiography mony of the Shakespearean Sonnets" (Putnam)
of a nobody." "Please don't kick me," says the which has hitherto prevented our accepting the the
donkey in Sterne,“ but if you will you may." Now ory presented in it. We think it
necessary
for
any
is Mr. Bullen, a mariner who has sailed the brine theory which would replace an accepted idea that
for years and lived on “salt horse" for ever so it shall have less difficulty in the way of belief than
many months at a stretch, still “ fresh" enough to the view it seeks to displace. The ordinary view
fancy tható kindness and indulgence” have anything of Shakespeare's sonnets presents some striking dif-
at all to do with the appearance of his writings in ficulties, and Mr. Johnson calls our attention to
6 sterling periodicals,” or that any publisher in the some difficulties with which we have not been fa-
world would print his copy out of charitable motives? miliar — possible inconsistencies, internal and ex.
If he does think so, we advise him earnestly to learn ternal. But though such matters may make it
the ropes of his new calling with all possible speed, harder to hold to our former conviction, they seem
and we recommend Sir Walter Besant as a man to us to pale in difficulty before the state of things
from whom he can obtain some useful points in which Mr. Johnson imagines in their stead. If Mr.
practical navigation. Perhaps, however, Mr. Bul Johnson be right, we must conceive a great poet
len's prefatory parade of humility is, as A. Ward writing plays and poems and giving them to the
used to say, “wrote sarkastikul”; and we hope it world under the name of somebody else — of Will-
is. The book thus apologetically launched by Mr. iam Shakespeare—with such perfect self-abnegation
Ballen is, to our thinking, in several important par that no whisper of the real state of things reached
ticulars, and perhaps we may say on the whole, the the world. This is something quite inconsistent
best one he has yet given us. The best chapters with our usual idea of a poet; something that has
- that is to say, the really descriptive and truth not been known to happen since the world began.
telling chapters — in the capital “Cruise of the The case of Homer (if he were not the author of
Cachalot” are better, mainly because newer and the Homeric poems) is not an analogy, nor the case
more picturesque, than any of the chapters in “The of Chatterton, nor of Macpherson, nor of Ireland,
Log of a Sea-Waif.” But the former book con nor of the letters of Junius, nor of Pope's Odyssey,
tained an objectionable element of melodrama and nor of the Portuguese Sonnets, nor even the theory
rather cheap sensationalism from which the latter of the Baconian authorship. The only similar case
is free. “ The Log of a Sea-Waif” is strictly au we think of, and that in a minor way, is that of
tobiographical, the plain narrative of the experiences Sidney Carton in “ A Tale of Two Cities.” The
of the first four years of the author's life as a sailor idea has not the confirmation of analogy; and be-
in the British merchant service, and therefore in ing on its face improbable, it offers a great difficulty
some sort a British counterpart of the American to the sober-minded. That is no reason, however,


1899.]
367
THE DIAL
why it should not be held if necessary. But the that one of the poets copied from the other. “ The
only reason that it should be necessary to try to hold
Raven"
was published in 1845; the volume by
this difficult opinion is the difficulty of believing Chivers containing these lines was published in
certain other matters of poetic psychology; as, for 1851. Why present such a case, why speak of
instance, that the poet should call himself much Chivers as a “precursor" of Poe, unless some ad-
older than his friend when really only nine years ditional matters can be alleged? It will hardly be
older (p. 37); that he should sometimes have believed that Mr. Benton has nothing more to offer
thought of himself as old, past his prime, something on this point. He has not: he merely quotes from
of a failure, when only thirty or thirty-five years the volume of Chivers, published in 1851 after
old (pp. 38-43); that, being of the temper we Poe's death, and contents himself with suggesting
should infer from external evidence, he should ap- vaguely that the poems may have been published
pear in his lyric poetry to be anxious, downcast, previously in magazines, and that Poe may have
timid (p. 60); that he should have written these seen them and so been inspired by Chivers. We note
sonnets to the Earl of Southampton without any one passage only, although the case is much the
allusion to the brilliant circumstances of the latter's same with many more. But on the facts presented
life (p. 80). These points, and others, do not seem by Mr. Benton, the inference is that in this one
80 very difficult to us ; but whatever difficulty they case Chivers copied Poe, and thus was a plagiarist,
have in Mr. Johnson's mind is of the same kind as not a “precursor.” And if he copied here, it adds
the difficulty in our mind (and we should say
in to the probability in the absence of direct evidence)
the mind of anyone else), attending the conception that he did so in more doubtful cases. Mr. Benton,
of a great unknown poet who allowed William then, suggests that Poe was a plagiarist on grounds
Shakespeare to appropriate as his own the most re which show (unless something more be adduced) that
markable works of literature. In other words, Mr. he was plagiarized from. This is not a good thing
Johnson would do away with the usual conception to do. We might not care to hold a brief for Poe,
by means which, if applied to his own idea, would but we do believe that to accuse him or anyone else
sweep
it forever from the memory even of mankind. of plagiarism, even by insinuation, on such absurd
Such and such things, he believes, could not have grounds as we have here, is, to say the least, unfor-
readily happened (although a true knowledge of tunate. If the charge is to be made, it should be
almost any poet's mind would probably reveal a definite and have at least some basis in fact: mere
hundred parallel cases), and therefore he prefers to possibilities and vague suggestions should not be
believe something so unheard of that if it had been hurried into the magazines and then put between
the case it would be the only thing of its kind in covers. Besides his view of Poe's relation to Chiv-
the history of the world. This explanation of a ers, Mr. Benton has an idea on Baudelaire's rela-
difficult matter is far more difficult to conceive than tion to Poe, of which some conception may be gained
the original difficulty itself. Mr. Johnson offers from his notion that in “Les Fleurs du Mal”
evidence which he says “would authorize a judg Baudelaire “ claimed to show that evil was not
ment in a court of a law.” He may be right; but wholly without its better side, and that good is in
we hardly think it would stand a severe examina some mysterious manner related to the whole scheme
tion in a class in logic.
of things.” Such was not our idea of the work in
Mr. Joel Benton's “ In the Poe Cir. question, and we turned to it to see how the matter
Plagiarist or
stood. But we have not been here won over to Mr.
cle” (Mansfield and Wessels) is an
"precursor".
attractively illustrated book made up
Benton's view, any more than in the case of Chivers.
of five essays which have appeared before in the
We have dawdled a good deal over
magazines. It is a non-committal sort of book. Essays on Mr. C. F. Nirdlinger's “Masques
The name does not commit the author to any espe-
and Mummers” (De Witt), which
cial content, nor does the content commit him to
came out in the early summer, but on the whole it
any definite opinion. This point is rather note-
seems a bit more appropriate to speak of a book
worthy, because the book is chiefly a discussion of
on the theatre at a time when one is going to the
the relation of Poe's poetry to that of Dr. T. H. theatre than when one is not. We have already
Chivers. Concerning Dr. Chivers, Mr. Benton has
spoken in favor of books of collected theatrical
found and put together a good deal of interesting criticism: we think that in itself the practice tends
information, but he does not seem to have formed
to give better character to the current reporting
any definite opinion as to whether Poe or Chivers
of the doings on the stage. Now and then the
was the original of an element common to the work
criticism has rather lost its point because we can-
of both. This we rather regret. We think the fol-
not remember the things criticized, but this is not
lowing lines in “The Vigil of Aiden” very like always so: in many cases the views expressed are
some in “ The Raven":
in themselves as valuable as any other collected
"And that modest mild sweet maiden,
criticism. As may be surmised from his title, Mr.
In the Rosy Bowers of Aiden,
With her lily-lips love-laden,
Nirdlinger is not an out-and-out admirer of the ac-
Answered, 'Yes! forevermore!'"
tor's profession as such: he likes the drama, but
In fact, they are so like that it seems clear to us the worship of the actor is not to his mind. His
the theatre.


368
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
the Boers
views are certainly advanced, but we do not know presidency.
presidency. The painter takes no little credit to
that he goes farther than an intimate knowledge of himself for suggesting to Mr. Cleveland his ideas
the facts would naturally encourage if not warrant. of arbitration at that time, and holds, with appar-
We rather like some of his ideas - as that actors ently good reason, that the arbitration treaty with
should be anonymous, that there is no art of acting, Great Britain, the failure of which — with only too
that praise is not the whole and necessary duty of many other failures — lies at the door of the Amer-
the critic. Despite some natural exaggeration, we ican Senate, was derived primarily from his sug-
imagine that much truth will here be found. When gestion at that time. To have been everywhere, to
it comes to matters of the drama, we are sometimes have seen everything, and to have known everyone,
inclined to differ with our author: we do not see are prime requisites for writing an interesting book,
that he shows a very keen sense of discrimination. if the writer be not unduly puffed up thereby.
In a large way, he is always right. It is right to From this fault Mr. Moscheles is reasonably free,
see beauty in the romance of “ Cyrano” and “The and we feel, after reading his “ Fragments" for the
Prisoner of Zenda,” and ugliness in the hypocrisy second time, that it is rather the celebrities who are
of “ Zaza” and “The Christian.” But we do not under obligation to Mr. Moscheles than Mr. Mos-
think that Mr. Nirdlinger is right in supposing that cheles who is under obligation to the celebrities.
“truth though the heavens fall” is the art-shibboleth The value of the book is enhanced by portraits of
of Mr. Henry Arthur Jones; nor, though we con several of the persons discussed, Browning and
sider Mr. Pinero artistically honest (as far as he Mazzini with others, reproduced from his own paint-
goes), do we consider him a man of keen vision or ings; but we miss a picture of the autobiographer.
depth of thought. Both are clever men for plays
that will catch the attention of the educated theatre The case of
Almost the first information the
goer, and neither is much more. We do not our-
people of the United States have
at first-hand.
selves think that Señor Echegaray goes very far
received from the Transvaal Re-
beyond them. And when we speak of a lack of
public at first-hand comes in the pages of “Oom
discrimination in Mr. Nirdlinger, it is because his
Paul's People” (Appleton), the result of a journey
essays do not bring out any greater qualities in
through South Africa made by Mr. Howard C.
Herr Hauptmann or M. Rostand than he perceives Hillegas of New York. For the first and almost
in the writers just mentioned. Still, it must be re-
the only time recently, the Boers are permitted to
membered that these essays were not always written speak for themselves, instead of having their con-
with a view to each other. Remarks which in view
ceptions, ideals, ambitions, and practices misinter-
of any given play seemed quite clear, may easily preted by their enemies. The difference is striking.
seem a little out of focus when compared with
In habits, religions, and ideals, a strong similarity
can be traced between the Boers and the New
something else. Mr. Nirdlinger's voice seems to
us rather strident at times, a little affected at others; England colonies. The one book with which every
but his book has life enough to carry off
citizen of the Transvaal is familiar is the Bible.
many more
drawbacks than those we have lightly touched upon,
His quotations from it, wrested into cant and
and many theatre-goers will be glad to see it.
hypocrisy in the same manner that the utter-
ances of the Puritans were, are not only natural
Reminiscences
Those who recall the pleasant chatty but inevitable, and the use of Scripture is no more
of a painter reminiscences of Mr. Felix M08 done for effect than it was in Governor Sewall's
and musician.
cheles which told an interested world Diary. It is the United States which affords Krue-
of his youth with the late George Du Maurier, will ger and his advisers the ideals of government they
find the same sort of entertainment in the later hope to make their own, and they are sufficiently
work,“ Fragments of an Autobiography” (Harper). skilled historically to find a Paul Revere and a
A painter by profession, and more particularly a Boston Massacre in their own history. The Amer-
painter of portraits, Mr. Moscheles has made him- icans resident in South Africa, with the exception
self known and admired in England, Germany, and of those wholly dependent upon the British mine-
France, as well as in America. The son of an em owners there, are uniformly with the Boers in their
inent composer and godson of Felix Mendelssohn, struggle, Mr. Hillegas says; and the educational
the sketch of his career is a frank and charming affairs of the Republic are largely in American
view of artistic life at its best. With his music, his hands. The Kimberley diamond mines, wrested
painting, and his earnest endeavors to move the from the Orange Free State with a forced payment
world along the paths of peace, Mr. Moscheles is of $450,000, have yielded $400,000,000 already.
alike a subject for approval and emulation. The All the trouble over the Witwatersrandt is stated to
best view he gives of himself in his writings is not be the result of Krueger's attempt to obtain for his
in but þetween the lines, where the man of the own country a larger share of the mining profits.
world, but still the man of enthusiasms and simple Significantly, much of the money has gone for the
pleasures, speaks to his friend the reader. To purchase of arms and the erection of fortifications.
Americans, not the least interesting of his reminis The book should be studied by everyone interested
cences will be the conversations he had with Mr. in the bloody and deplorable drama now being en-
Grover Cleveland, just after the first election to the acted in South Africa.


1899.]
369
THE DIAL
the Bible.
An advanced
Many admirers of Mr. Bryce's expressed in the title. In these days of iconoclasm,
lort-book in
“ American Commonwealth” have the Cromwellian theory of exact representation may
civil government. wished that the work might be used be a desirable one; but there are two ways of look-
as the standard text for instruction in our second ing at a monument. The one who seeks ugly black
ary schools. To make such use practicable, the spots under the shining surface may find them ;
American publishers (Macmillan) some time ago but such an observer would never realize the sig-
prepared an abridged edition, and this they have nificance of the Bunker Hill shaft. In one sense
now supplemented by publishing a volume called Mr. Hapgood's idea of President Lincoln's life is
“Outlines of Civics,” to be used in connection with attractive. The “homely speech and rustic man-
the work of Mr. Bryce. This new volume is the ner” certainly were marked in the man who rose
work of Mr. Frederick H. Clark, and the only from the ranks of the common people, but no story
drawback to its general introduction into our schools of his life will be accepted by the average American
is found in the fact that it is written with special as satisfactory, which does not emphasize most
reference to the institutions of a single State strongly the higher and grander elements of char-
California. Other States would need to supple acter which make him belong to the ages. There
ment it still further by special local material. The is serious question whether this particular volume,
work is extremely well done. It provides lists of read by young or old, will leave just the right im.
topics and works of reference, suggestive questions pression of Abraham Lincoln.
for investigation, and all the other apparatus needed
for successful school work. It has, moreover, an The literary
It is a gratifying evidence of healthy
introduction by Dr. George E. Howard, which puts study of
interest in Biblical study, that Pro-
things 80 admirably that we must find room for an
fessor Moulton's "Literary Study of
extract. “In history, especially, the text-book
the Bible (D. C. Heath & Co.) should pass into a
maker and the teacher have usually aimed quite
new edition. The “ Modern Reader's Bible” has
too low. In the attempt to simplify, they have made some of the original treatise unnecessary, but
written down or stooped to the supposed capacity
the new edition still prints enough of the author's
of the pupil. Instead of putting the youth's facul- arrangement of the Biblical literature to illustrate
ties under a healthy strain, instead of lifting his his positions. As a means of awakening interest in
thought to the highest possible level of attainment, the ancient literature of the Jews, “ literary study”
the subject has been deliberately rendered juiceless has a legitimate rôle to play; but its chief value lies
and devoid of living interest, even when not made in its insistence upon the literary rather than the
utterly distasteful. If this be a grave mistake in dogmatic point of view.
dogmatic point of view. Probably few specialists
the bistorical field generally, it is positively inex-
in the Old Testament would quite agree with all of
cusable in civics and civil government.” We wish
Professor Moulton's arrangements, and the present
that these words might have the salutary effect of understanding of Hebrew poetry is hardly sufficient
driving forever out of our schools the text-books to warrant any hard-and-fast decisions as to the
still used in three-fourths of them. When such correctness of many of his views as to strophes,
works as those of Messrs. Bryce, Fiske, and Hing- anti-strophes, quatrains, and other forms. But his
dale are to be had, it is positively criminal to use insistance that the literary character of a piece of
books of the discredited old-fashioned sort.
scripture shall be determined before one interprets
it, is certainly to be commended ; and it is here that
Mr. Carl Schurz, in an essay which
the exegete will get help.
What could be more
as a Man of is a classic, pictures Mr. Lincoln as astonishing or maddening than the assurance with
the People. a man who, preserving his homely which systematic theologians have made poetry do
speech and rustic manner even in the most con the work of philosophy, and rhapsody furnish
spicuous position of that period, drew upon himself premises for metaphysics! The influence of Pro-
the scoffs of polite society, and then thrilled the fessor Moulton's book in counteracting such un-
soul of mankind with utterances of wonderful beauty scientific methods is already great, and in its recon-
and grandeur.” The contrasts in this great life structed form will doubtless be greater.
have often been noted, and people have wondered
how this man of heroic mould could, for example,
Books on rhetoric and English com-
have opened the most serious discussion with the professional position, on debating, or extempo-
recounting of some story from the lower walks of
raneous speaking, are apt to be of
life. In “ Abraham Lincoln, the Man of the Peo one sort or another: either too systematic and dry,
ple" (Macmillan), Mr. Norman Hapgood attempts or interesting enough but indefinite and desultory.
to show how the common people furnished the in The latter, so far as we have observed, is more
spiration for a remarkable career. The familiar commonly the case with books on public speaking;
details of Mr. Lincoln's life are told again with and it is possible that the objection may be alleged
many an anecdote here and there as the hero used against Dr. J. M. Buckley’s “Extemporaneous
them to illustrate his meaning. There is no claim Oratory for Professional and Amateur Speakers”
to the discovery of any new material, but whatever (Eaton & Mains). We do not feel sure that the
of merit the book has rests on the underlying idea book will provide a method definite enough to be
Abraham Lincoln
Amateur and
oratory.


370
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
ance
easily put in practice by a private student or by a of Napoleon the Little's fatuous Mexican perform-
class. But this is a matter on which we cannot - the attempt of a commonplace statesman to
pass judgment by reading alone. On the other side, work out a political conception in the grand style,
the book is excellent; it is not only entertaining, and foredoomed to a more or less farcical anti-
but it also has the good quality of arousing real climax — it consists primarily of the reminiscences
interest: in reading it, one is constantly filled with of an eye-witness who was in Mexico during the
a desire to begin and make speeches at once, just period of the French occupation, and who moved
to try. Dr. Buckley has had long experience of familiarly in the exotic society that set up its court
extempore speaking; we are not sure that he has at the ancient capital. The author makes us ac-
had practice at individual teaching, but he has quainted with the principal actors in the drama,
heard an immense amount of good speaking, and and paints a picture of its social side that is at once
bas trained himself with great care. His funda- fresh, animated, and suggestive. The book is showily
mental ideas are sensible. It is true that they bound in the Mexican colors, and contains a num-
appear
also to be rather hard to carry out, or, more ber of portraits, notably a curious group of the
exactly, rather easy not to carry out rightly; but firing party that shot Maximilian and Miramon.
the advantageous thing about the book is that the
author is very full and quite practical in his sug-
gestions as to how his principles may be put in
practice. Dr. Buckley's idea of extemporaneous
speaking is speaking where the idea takes verbal
BRIEFER MENTION.
form at the moment of utterance. His book will
go far toward showing how one can actually speak
The Rev. Mr. MacDougall's “Conversion of the
in this way so as to express oneself and hold the
Maoris ” (Presbyterian Board of Publication) has its
attention of others.
importance from what the author has to say about that
other segment of our imperial domain, Samoa. If any-
In his latest book, “ Fables in
Fables
thing can prove the unwisdom of entangling alliances
in slang
with Europe, our experience here should do so; while
Slang" (H. S. Stone & Co.), Mr.
and dialect.
the author shows that all the recent disturbances in the
George Ade leaves the implications
islands have been due to the white man's greed. And
of his former character-studies and indulges in
the natives always suffer, which is “the white man's
social satire, some of it pathetically humorous, some burden " divested of its poetry.
of it bordering closely on coarseness and vulgarity, An “ Auswahl aus Luthers Deutschen Schriften
and all of it coming near to making the use of (Ginn), edited by Dr. W. H. Carruth, is an acceptable
slang a fine, even a literary, art. With this read addition to the library of German texts available for
able volume, in which certain ill-considered illus college use. It includes a lengthy and important intro-
trations heighten all the defects of the text and duction, besides the usual body of notes. Dr. Albert
lessen all of its virtues, comes a second volume of
B. Faust is the editor of a volume of “ Heine's Prose
the reflections of the philosopher of the “ Archey
(Macmillan), which includes over two hundred pages of
Road," bearing the title of “Mr. Dooley in the
carefully-chosen text. Dr. Hermann Schoenfeld has
edited Schiller's “ Maria Stuart” (Macmillan) for school
Hearts of His Countrymen” (Small, Maynard &
Two other German text-books (Heath) are an
Co.). A dedication to the English publishers re-
“ Erstes Deutsches Lesebuch,” by Mr. Robert Nix; and
producing the original book without authorization
an edition, abridged, we regret to say, of Herr Suder-
is in questionable taste; and the closing chapter of mann's “ Der Katzensteg," edited by Dr. Benjamin W.
the book, dealing with the Dreyfus trial, seems to Wells.
be written for an English rather than an American A little book by John Barrett, former minister of
audience, differing from the rest of the papers not the United States to Siam, is called “ Admiral George
merely in form but in appealing to a standard of Dewey” (Harper), and devotes itself to a sketch of
humor which is assuredly neither Irish nor Amer that redoubtable warrior during his trying days of ser-
ican. The rest of the book contains the same genial
vice in Manila Bay. Mr. Barrett was with him during
satire as the earlier volume, and has a hearty laugh
a great part of this time, and his narrative is an intimate
on every page, as well as merited rebuke of many
one, though not rising to any great dignity as such. The
book will serve to gratify the demands for knowledge
iniquities in the English-speaking world. But it is
of those who do not read the daily papers, from whose
scarcely literature in any of the senses in which the
columns its matter is largely taken.
“ Bigelow Papers was, nor can it be said to be so
An even dozen of volumes in the charming “ Temple
intended.
Classics” series (Macmillan) have recently reached us.
A well-written, entertaining book,
The titles include a two-volume edition of Herrick's
With Maximilian
and a foot-note of no small value to
in Mexico.
of Plutarch, Thomas Lodge's translation of Seneca “On
the history of the ill-starred and un-
Benefits,” Cavendish's Life of Wolsey, Wordsworth's
principled political enterprise it deals with, is Mrs.
Sonnets, Basil Montagu's “Thoughts of Divines and
Sara Yorke Stevenson's “Maximilian in Mexico"
Philosophers,” Sterne's “Sentimental Journey," and
(Century Co.). While the volume goes to some Walton's “Compleat Angler,"—the latter with notes
extent, and very intelligently, into the formal history | by Mr. Austin Dobson.
use.


1899.]
371
THE DIAL
type is even larger than it need be. The volume con-
LITERARY NOTES.
tains 845 pages and is barely half an inch thick. Messrs.
Mr. Charles Whiting Baker's “Monopolies and the
Thomas Nelson & Sons are the publishers, and they
People" (Putnam) has just been reissued in a third announce a complete set of Dickens in this form.
edition, revised and enlarged.
“Madame Lambelle," by M. Gustave Toudouze, is
Messrs. Harper & Brothers have just published
a “roman choisi ” published by Mr. William R. Jenkins,
new illustrated edition of “The Sowers," perhaps the
who also sends us, in similar style of publication, a vol-
most popular fiction of Mr. Henry Seton Merriman.
ume of “Contes de la Vie Rustique,” edited by Mr.
“ The Black Wolf's Breed," a historical novel of Old
George Castégnier.
and New France, by Mr. Harris Dickson, has been
Messrs. Little, Brown, & Co. have sent us a new
issued in its second edition by the Bowen-Merrill Co.
edition of the “Two Pilgrims' Progress" of Mr. and
“The American Jewish Year Book” for the year
Mrs. Joseph Pennell. This story of a tricycle trip
5660 (1899–1900), edited by Professor Cyrus Adler,
through Italy makes charming reading, and the draw-
is issued by the Jewish Publication Society of America. ings by Mr. Pennell make a notable addition to its
charm.
Miss Myrtle Reed's “Love Letters of a Musician,"
first issued as a Roycroft publication, now appears in
Charles Kingsley's “The Heroes " and Harriet Mar-
a new edition from the press of Messrs. G. P. Putnam's
tineau's “Feats on the Fjord” are the initial volumes
Sons.
of a new series of “Temple Classics for Young People,"
A new translation of Gaboriau's “ Dossier Cent-treize"
published by Messrs. J. M. Dent & Co. The volumes
are illustrated, and very prettily gotten up in every
("File No. 113”), by Mr. George Burnham Ives, is one
of the latest publications of Messrs. Little, Brown,
respect.
& Co.
An American edition of Mr. H. A. Burberry's “Ama-
teur Orchid Cultivator's Guide Book” has been pre-
“ Pastels of Men,” by M. Paul Bourget, a volume of
short stories, is published in a new edition by Messrs.
pared by Dr. J. M. W. Kitchen, and is published by
Messrs. G. P. Putnam's Sons. The work has numer-
Little, Brown, & Co. Miss K. P. Wormeley is the
ous illustrations, including several very attractive col-
translator.
ored plates.
A handsomely-printed volume containing a selection
from the poems of the Rev. George Crabbe is published
Browning's Shorter Poems," edited by Mr. Frank-
lin T. Baker; “ The Merchant of Venice," edited by
by Mr. Edward Arnold, of London. Mr. Bernard Hol-
Miss Charlotte Whipple Underwood ; and “The Last
land is the editor of the work.
of the Mohicans," edited by Mr. W. K. Wickes, are
Messrs. Little, Brown, & Co. have published a two-
published by the Macmillan Co. in their “ Pocket Eng-
volume edition of “ The Nabob,” by Alphonse Daudet, lish Classics" for school use.
translated by Mr. George Burnham Ives, and intro-
Encouraged by the success of Miss Selma Lagerlöf's
duced by Mr. Brander Matthews.
two novels, Messrs. Little, Brown & Co. have published
Mr. Thomas Whittaker is the publisher of bandsome
a volume of short stories by the same talented writer.
new editions of two old-time favorites, “ Evenings with
The title of the volume is “Invisible Links,” and the
the Sacred Poets” and “Salad for the Solitary and the
translator is Miss Pauline Bancroft Flach, to whom we
Social,” by Mr. Frederick Saunders.
are indebted for the other translations from Miss Lag-
The exquisite lyrics of Mr. F. W. Bourdillon are
erlöf.
issued in a new edition by Messrs. Little, Brown, & Co.
The new " Haworth” edition of the “Life and Works
“ The Night Has a Thousand Eyes, and Other Poems”
of the Sisters Brontë," to be completed in seven volumes,
is the title of this attractive little book.
is begun with “ Jane Eyre.” The special features of this
The Messrs. Brentano reprint the translation, made edition are the numerous illustrations, the prefaces by
some ten years ago by Mr. Lafcadio Hearn, of “One
Mrs. Humphry Ward, and the inclusion of Mrs. Gas-
of Cleopatra's Nights" and other short stories—“fan-
kell’s biography with supplementary notes by Mr.
tastic romances”-by Théophile Gautier.
Clement K. Shorter. The Messrs. Harper are the pub-
“ About the Weather," by Mr. Mark W. Harrington, lishers.
and “ The Story of the Fishes,” by Mr. James N. Bas The publishers of the “ William Shakespeare" (Mac-
kett, are the two latest volumes in the “ Home Reading millan) of Dr. Georg Brandes have done wisely in re-
Books” published by the Messrs. Appleton.
printing the work in a single volume, at only one-third
A “ biographical” edition of Mr. James Lane Allen's
the price of the expensive first edition. It is a book
« Flute and Violin " volume of Kentucky stories, con that should be in the hands of every student of litera-
taining an explanatory introduction by the author, has ture, for it is nearly, if not quite, the most readable
just been published by Messrs. Harper & Brothers. general treatment of the poet with which we are
The “Home Study Circle” series of manuals aoquainted.
(Doubleday), edited by Mr. Seymour Eaton, is now A new edition of Shakespeare, in single-play vol-
made to include a volume on “Mathematics," especially umes, is called the “Chiswick," and is published by
prepared for young men engaged in practical affairs. Messrs. George Bell & Sons, London (Macmillan).
“ Christian Science and Other Superstitions" is the The Cambridge text is used, and the notes are restricted
happy title of a small volume by Mr. J. M. Buckley, to a few pages at the end. The illustrations are the
just published by the Century Co. The contents con work of Mr. Byam Shaw. Hamlet,” “Othello,"
sist of selected chapters from a larger work of the “ Macbeth," and "As You Like It" are the four vol.
anthor.
umes thus far issued.
The “Pickwick Papers" complete in a single volume The Directors of the Old South Work have collected
of pocketable size! This would hardly seem possible, into a volume the historical “ leaflets" (76-100) of the
but it is made so by the use of India paper, and the past two years or so, making the fourth volume of the


372
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
sort thus far issued. Slavery occupies the most promi-
nent place in this collection, being represented by a
group of seven or eight documents. Early explorations
and colonial settlements are also well represented, and
the value of the whole mass of material presented is
very great.
The death of John Codman Ropes on the 27th of
October, the news of which did not reach us in time for
our last issue, must be at least mentioned now, because
he was a valued contributor to THE DIAL in its earlier
years, and because of his high rank among American
historical scholars. Born in 1836, he lived to be sixty-
three years of age. A lawyer by profession, he devoted
a large part of his later years to the study of military
history, and produced several works of the highest
value, including the “ Life of Napoleon," “ The Battle
of Waterloo,” “The Army under Pope," and the “His-
tory of the Civil War," which is now left unfinished,
since he was working upon the third volume at the time
of his death.
The “Annotated Bibliography of American History,"
to which Mr. J. N. Larned is seeking contributors, is a
work that has been projected by Mr. George Iles, of
New York, and that will be published under the aus-
pices of the American Library Association. In plan,
the work will be on lines exemplified in Mr. Iles's
“ Annotated Bibliography of Fine Arts,” published last
year, with notes supplied by Mr. Russell Sturgis and
Mr. Henry E. Krehbiel, and it will carry one step
further into practice the admirable idea of an “ap-
praisal of literature” wbich Mr. Iles has been urging
for several years. To realize the idea he has already
expended both money and time, and is prepared to
expend more. He assumes the whole cost of the un-
dertaking, with no probability of a return sufficient to
reimburse him. The scheme of the work is (1) the
selection of 1,500 or 2,000 titles of the books which
readers in American history need most to have valued
for them, either in commendation or warning; and (2)
the preparation of a brief note to each title, such as
will appraise the book with full knowledge, with sound
judgment, and with absolute sincerity. As far as pos-
sible, these notes will be signed by the writers ; but if,
in any case, a more independent judgment can be
obtained by omitting the signature, this may be done.
The single object in view is to procure for the reading
public authoritative estimates of books, frankly and
fearlessly expressed.
Velasquez. By R. A. M. Stevenson. Illus. in photogravure,
etc., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 160. “Great Masters in Painting
and Sculpture." Macmillan Co. $1.75.
Nathaniel Hawthorne. By Annie Fields. With portrait;
24mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 136. · Beacon Biographies.
Small, Maynard & Co. 75 cts.
Nancy Hanks: The Story of Abraham Lincoln's Mother.
By Caroline Hanks Hitchcock. Illus., 16mo, pp. 105.
Doubleday & McClure Co. 50 cts. net.
HISTORY
The Moorish Empire: A Historical Epitome. By Budgett
Meakin. Illus., 8vo, pp. 576. Macmillan Co. $5.
History of the United States from the Compromise of
1850. By James Ford Rhodes. Vol. IV., 1862-1864.
Large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 558. Harper & Brothers.
$2.50.
History of the People of the Netherlands. By Petrus
Johannes Blok. Part II., From the Beginning of the
Fifteenth Century to 1559. Trans. by Ruth Putnam.
Large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 420. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$2.50.
The Puritan as a Colonist and a Reformer. By Ezra
Hoyt Byington. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 375. Little,
Brown, & Co. $2.
Liberty in the Nineteenth century. By Frederio May
Holland. 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 257. G. P. Putnam's
Sons. $1.75.
Modern English History (1600-1890): Syllabus of a Course
of Eighty-Seven Lectures. By H. Morse Stephens. 12mo,
pp. 319. Macmillan Co. $1.60 net.
Great Britain and Hanover: Some Aspects of the Personal
Union. By Adolphus William Ward, Litt.D. 12mo,
pp. 218. Oxford University Press. $1.25.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
Letters of Sidney Lanier: Selections from his Correspond-
ence, 1866–1881. With portraits, 8vo, pp. 245. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $2.
The Map of Life: Conduct and Character. By William
Edward Hartpole Lecky. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 353.
Longmans, Green, & Co. $2.
Fisherman's Luck, and Some Other Uncertain Things. By
Henry Van Dyke. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 247. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $2.
The Augustan Ages. By Oliver Elton. 12mo, uncut,
Periods of European Literature." Charles
Scribner's Sons. $1.50 net.
Romances in Roguery: An Episode in the History of the
Novel. By Frank Wadleigh Chandler.
In 2 parts;
Part I., The Picaresque Novel in Spain. 12mo, unout,
"Columbia University Studies in Literature.'
Macmillan Co. $2.
Contemporaries. By Thomas Wentworth Higginson. 12mo,
gilt top, pp. 379. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $2.
Emerson as a Poet. By Joel Benton. With portrait,
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 168. M. F. Mansfield & A.
Wessels. $1.25.
Things As They Are. By Bolton Hall; with Introduction
by George D. Herron. 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 293.
Small, Maynard & Co. $1.25.
Old World Series. New vols.: The Story of Ida: Epitaph
on an Etrurian Tomb, by Francesca Alexander; A Child's
Garden of Verses, by Robert Louis Stevenson; Monna
Innominata : Sonnets and Songs, by Christina G. Rossetti;
The Tale of Chloe: An Episode in the History of Beau
Beamish, by George Meredith. Each 16mo, uncut. Port-
land: Thomas B. Mosher. Per vol., $1. net.
Brocade Series. Now vols.: The Tale of the Emperor Cou-
stans, by William Morris ; The History of Over Sea, by
William Morris; Emerald Uthwart : An Imaginary Por-
trait, by Walter Pater; Hours of Spring and Wild Flowers,
by Richard Jefferies; Will o' the Mill, by Robert Louis
Stevenson ; Marjorie Fleming, by John Brown, M.D. Each
18mo, uncut. Portland: Thomas B. Mosher. Per vol.,
75 cts. net.
The Kipling Birthday Book. Compiled by Joseph Finn;
illus. by J. Lockwood Kipling. 16mo, pp. 278. Doubleday
& McClure Co. $1.
The Poetry of American Wit and Humor. Selected by
R. L. Paget. With frontispiece, 16mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 367. L. C. Page & Co. $1.25.
Plain Talk in Psalm and Parable. By Ernest Crosby. 8vo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 188. Small, Maynard & Co. $2.
pp. 427,
pp. 483.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 175 titles, includes books
received by TAE DIAL since its last issue.]
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
The Romance of Ludwig II. of Bavaria. By Frances
Gerard. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, pp. 202. Dodd, Mead & Co.
$3.50.
Abraham Lincoln: The Man of the People. By Norman
Hapgood. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 433. Mac-
millan Co. $2.
The Log of a Sea-Waif: Being Recollections of the First
Four Years of My Sea Life. By Frank T. Bullen, F.R.G.S.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 370. D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
Blue-Beard, a Contribution to History and Folk-Lore: Being
the History of Gilles de Retz of Brittany, 1404-1440 A. D.
By Thomas Wilson, LL.D. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 212. G. P. Putnam's Song. $1.75.
A Study of Elizabeth Barrett Browning. By Lilian
Whiting. With portrait, 16mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 191.
Little, Brown, & Co. $1.25.


1899.]
378
THE DIAL
A Kipling Primer: Biographical and Critical Chapters, an
Index to Mr. Kipling's Principal Writings, and Biblia
graphies. By Frederic Lawrence Knowles. Illus., 16mo,
pp. 219. Boston: Brown & Co. $1.25.
The Ruba'yat of Omar Khayyam. Trans. by Mrs. H. M.
Cadell ; with Introduction by Richard Garnett, C.B. 12mo,
uncut, pp. 144. John Lane. $1.25.
Laos Folk-Lore of Farther India. By Katharine Neville
Fleeson. Illus., 12mo, pp. 153. F. H. Revell Co. 75 cts.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
Life and Works of the Sisters Brontë, “ Haworth" edi-
tion. With Prefaces by Mrs. Humphry Ward. First vol.:
Jane Eyre. Illus. in photogravure, etc., 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 555. Harper & Brothers. $1.75.
The Nabob. By Alphonse Daudet; trans. by George Burn-
ham Ives; with Introduction by Brander Matthews. In
2 vols., with photogravure frontispieces, 12mo, gilt tops.
Little, Brown, & Co. $3.00.
The Georgics of Virgil. Done into English Prose by J. W.
Mackail. In 2 vols., 18mo, uncut. Portland : Thomas B.
Mosher. $1.50 net.
One of Cleopatra's Nights, and Other Fantastic Romances.
By Theophile Gautier; trans. from the French by Lafcadio
Hearn. i6mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 388. Brentano's. $1.50.
Works of Edward Everett Hale, Library edition. New
vol.: The Brick Moon, and Other Stories. With photo-
gravure frontispiece, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 369. Little, Brown,
& Co. $1.50.
Tales of Edgar Allen Poe, “Raven" edition. With his-
torical and critical comments by Henry Austin. In 3 vols.,
16mo. R. F. Fenno & Co. $1.50.
Temple Classics. Edited by Israel Gollancz, M.A. New
vols.: Seneca on Benefits, traps. by Thomas Lodge; Wal-
ton's Compleat Angler. Each with photogravure frontis-
piece, 24mo, gilt top, uncut. Macmillan Co. Per vol., 50c.
POETRY.
The Poetical Works of Robert Stephen Hawker, M.A.
Edited, with Prefatory Notice and Bibliography, by Alfred
Wallis. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 283. John
Lane. $2.
The Apostle of the Ardennes. By Lady Lindsay. 16mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 161. London: Kegan Paul, Trench,
Trübner & Co., Ltd.
FICTION
The Crown of Life. By George Gissing. 12mo, pp. 360.
F. A. Stokes Co. $1.50.
A Voyage at Anchor. By W. Clark Russell. 12mo, pp. 344.
D. Appleton & Co. $1.; paper, 50 cts.
The Other Fellow. By F. Hopkinson Smith. Illus., 12mo,
gilt top, pp. 218. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $1.50.
The Ship of Stars. By A. T. Quiller-Couch (“Q”). With
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Pages 228, Cloth and Gilt. Price, $1.00.
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1899.]
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THE DIAL
Houghton, Mifflin & Company's New Books.
19
The Queen's Twin and Other
Stories.
By SARAH ORNE JEWETT. 16mo, $1.25.
This volume contains Miss Jewett's latest, and some of her
best, short stories. Two of these include scenes and charac-
ters connected with the delightful story of "The Country of
the Pointed Firs."
Cambridge Keats.
The Complete Poetical Works and Letters of JOHN
KEATS. Cambridge Edition. With Biographical
Sketch, Notes, Indexes, a Portrait, and an engraved
title page with a vignette. Large crown 8vo, $2.00.
The American in Holland.
By WILLIAM ELLIOT GRIFFIS, D.D., author of “ The
Pilgrims in their Three Homes,” etc. With a map
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Dr. Griffis has made five journeys in Holland, and in this
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The King's Jester.
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Eleven original plays, just suited for schools or private
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A Pretty Tory.
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A stirring story of the Revolution. Marion's men and
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[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
The Memoirs of Victor Hugo.
This volume forms a most welcome and valuable addition to the works of Victor Hugo.
No library will be complete without it. Two editions sold in advance of publication.
Congratulate the public that is to read it. From It tells in truthful, graphic manner how he looked
first to last the volume is interesting, and bas quite upon the peoples and events of his times. It covers the
retained the spirit of the original in this admirable period between the coronation of Charles X, at Rbeims,
translation by Mr. John W. Harding."-JEANETTE L. in 1825, and ends with the siege of Paris.”—The Chi-
GILDER in Chicago Tribune.
cago Inter Ocean.
“ It is a delightful haphazard chronique, with striking “ Whoever has read a line of the works of Victor
incidents brought out in Hugo's profuse vocabulary – Hugo must wish for a thousand more, for the words of
little sketches and thoughts about people and things, this the greatest of novelists are not too many. His
always interesting, never wearisome.”—Literary News. wonderful ability has made bis memoirs as interesting
“ The memoirs' of such a man are worthy of our
as any of his dramas or novels.”—Boston Courier.
most serious attention.”—The Boston Times.
“Great scenes described by the most vivid word.
“ It is the real Hugo that is here - the Hugo we artist of the century.”New York World.
knew amid the generous dreams of youth — when his “ Full of the most characteristic bits, sentences, or
"abysses' and ideas' and nameless horrors' and whole paragraphs that no one but Hugo could have
apotheosis of love' thrilled and fascinated us."-Chi written.”-New York Times.
“ The temptation is great to keep on quoting from
“His long and chequered life was filled with experi this fascinating book.”—The Critic.
ences of the most diverse character, literature, and “ It proves to be of even greater interest to the gen-
politics, the court and the street, parliament and the eral reader than was anticipated. Students of history
theatre, labor, struggles, disappointments, exile, and awaited it with a certainty that it would give them
triumphs. All of these are represented in the memoirs, much that they wanted to know, and it does. Few
and therefore the volume presents a series of pictures memoirs ever written are so full of interest as these."
of infinite variety.”—The Cleveland Plain Dealer. -The Bookseller, Newsdealer, and Stationer.
Octavo, with Photogravure Portrait, Cloth Bound, Gilt Top. Price, $2.50.
G. W. DILLINGHAM CO., PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK CITY.
cago Tribune.
NOVELS ON INDIA PAPER.
NEW CENTURY LIBRARY
TO BE ISSUED MONTHLY.
CHARLES DICKENS'S WORKS.
Complete in about Fifteen Volumes.
Now Ready: — Vols. 1 and 2. The Pickwick Papers. Nicholas Nickleby.
These volumes are printed on the thinnest printing paper in the world ; yet it is per-
fectly opaque and very strong. The type is long primer, and the printing is clear, so that
reading is a delight. Convenient for the pocket, only 63 x 44 inches, and extremely light.
UNIFORM WITH ABOVE:
WILLIAM M. THACKERAY'S WORKS.
Now Ready : – Vanity Fair.
CLOTH, GILT TOP. PRICE, $1.00 PER VOLUME.
For sale by all Booksellers, or they will be sent to any address, postpaid, upon receipt of price by the Publishers,
THOMAS NELSON & SONS, PUBLISHERS,
37 East Eighteenth Street, New York City.


1899.]
879
THE DIAL
RECENT BOOKS
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THE MIND AND ART OF POE'S POETRY.
By John PHELPS FRUIT. 12mo, cloth, $1.25.
An interpretation of the genius of Poe, on a high level of thought and culture.
BIRD GODS.
By CHARLES DEKAY. Decorated by George Wharton Edwards.
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AMERICA IN THE EAST.
By WILLIAM ELLIOT GRIFFIS. 12mo, cloth, illustrated, $1.50.
“ The strongest, most scholarly, and most finished plea in behalf of territorial expansion that has yet
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MAMMY'S REMINISCENCES.
By Mrs. HENRY J. GIELOW. 12mo, cloth, illustrated, $1.00.
“ Never have the old Southern Mammy' and · Daddy' been more deliciously portrayed than they are
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AN AMERICAN CRUISER IN THE EAST.
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“A most interesting and valuable work."-Admiral George Dewey, U.S. N.
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A Colonial Romance.
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“ Content pleases us of to-day as she did the lover who patiently waited.”—Literature.
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By TODD (W. S. Kellogg). Small quarto, cloth, illustrated, $1.00.
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For sale by all booksellers, or sent, postpaid, on receipt of price, by
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380
[Nov. 16,
THE DIAL
A
LIST TO CHOOSE
FALL READING FROM.
WE believe that every book on this list has a real reason for existence. More than half
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SKETCHES IN EGYPT. By Charles Dana Gibson. Size,
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THE GOLDEN VANITY. By Pamela Colman Smith. Words
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THE BRUSHWOOD BOY. By Rudyard Kipling. Illustrated
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THE COURT OF BOYVILLE. By William Allen White.
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THE WARNER CLASSICS. Studies of Great Authors by many
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DRAMATIC TALES OF REAL LIFE
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1899.]
381
THE DIAL
Handsome Books for Moderate Incomes.
ILLUSTRATED GIFT BOOKS.
ULYSSES; or, The De Rougemont of Troy.
A decidedly unique treatment of the wanderings of Ulysses. Profusely illustrated by full-page drawings in
two colors. The author and artist, “A. H. M.,” dedicates his book as follows :
THE SECRET DOSSIER
Of l'Affaire Ulysse is dedicated to all who love the
Ancient Greeks in spite of their irregular verbs
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Crown 4to, decorated cover. Price
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THE PINK HEN.
ADVENTURES IN WALLYPUGLAND.
A Fairy Tale for Children. By CUTHBERT SPURLING. By G. E. FARROW. Quaintly illustrated with 56 draw-
Quaintly illustrated by Duncan Tate. 12mo, decorated ings by Alan Wright. Crown 8vo, richly bound,
cover, $1.25.
$1.75.
THE LEGEND OF THE CHRISTMAS ROSE.
By A. O'D. BARTHOLYNS. Magnificently illustrated by
SONGS FOR CHILDREN.
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$1.25.
“THE GREAT CRIME OF THE CENTURY."
NAPOLEON'S INVASION OF RUSSIA.
By HEREFORD B. GEORGE, New College, Oxford, Author of “Battles of British History." With two maps
and five plans, demy 8vo, $4.00.
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Scottish History from Contemporary Writers.
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trated. Royal 18mo. Cloth gilt, gilt top, $1.25.
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A HISTORY OF SCOTTISH VERNACULAR.
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MEMOIRS OF THE SIDNEY FAMILY.
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PETER THE GREAT AND HIS PUPILS.
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JAMES COPE, U. S. DISTRICT ATTORNEY.
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382
(Nov. 16,
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The Century Co.'s New Books
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LITTLE JIM CROW,
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1899.
393
The Century to Books.
en.
of Great Britain
THE NANESE
weir Stories.
A. H. MALAN.
By Paul Leicester
cations. Royal 8vo, $7.50; full
extra, net, $15.00.
Yort Hernit
are the Duke of Marlborough, the
=Mr. Free
Ind, Lady Dudley, Lady Newton,
the publishes Best
ugh Campbell, and A. H. Malan.
ing together inte
HOMES DESCRIBED:
body of pictures
Blenheim.
Charlecote.
Tribune
Hardwick.
Chatsworth
Cawdor Castle. Belvoir Castle.
Holland House. Warwick Castle.
IMPRESSIONS IF SOLIT
inprises interesting descriptions of some of the
By Hon. James De
Homes of Old England. In many instances these
Te from the pens of the members of the house
American Comment
ading greatly to the personal interest. The illustra-
the subjeet Set
as well the Architecture, Tapestry, Sculpture, Ar-
Sones De I
Paintings, Carved Wood, Landscape Gardening, etc.
great smelmes
colored maps E
By MARION HARLAND.
MAXIMILIAN
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And Their Stories. With 87 illustra-
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There
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Latesmen.
curacy as to facts, but of the attractive treat-
knowledge and 2
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inters.
Rochester Democrat.
enee." -The loc
Bubbard's style, one-
hirds whimsical phi More Colonial Homesteads
study - nowhere blank
Ok description - is mani-
And Their Stories. With 80 illustra-
RIP TAN WINE
ourneys' are literature, tions. 8vo, $3.00.
cken the minds of readers MORE COLONIAL HOMESTEADS
es are dust." - Journal of includes, among others, descriptions and
illustrations of John Hall, Johnstown,
Lowly Life in a N. Y.- La Chaumiere du Prairie, Lex-
«The stone or
reat City.
ington, Ky.- Morven, the Stockton
Book,' and am
Homestead, Princeton, N. J.-Scotia,
POOLF. Edited by Joseph the Glen-Sanders House, Schenectady,
son, then whom
Over 150 illustrations. Ob- N. Y.-Two Schuyler Homesteads,
them better
$2.00.
Albany, N.Y.
By Washington Irving.
Where Ghosts Walk.
Rip Van Winkle.
The Haunts of Familiar Characters in
QUICISLE
Legend of Sleepy Hollow History and Literature. With 33
By Mre. La
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Ny Frederick S. Coburn. With title-
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page, borders in colors, and cover de-
The sketches are based upon personal visits,
“Admirane
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ris. With introduction by Dr. Albert Shaw.
With 135 illustrations. 8vo, gilt top,
1. Charlotte Brontë.
2. William Cowper.
$3.50.
By Caraiya
rtland, The towns described are ; Albany, Sara These biographies were prepared in
abridge,
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d Towns, town, Brooklyn, New York, Buffalo, subjects of them lived, wrought, and
Deerfield, Pittsburg, Philadelphia, Princeton, died. The local color is thus carefully
Wilmington.
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1899.]
393
THE DIAL
Putnam's Christmas Books.
Browning : Poet and Man.
A SURVEY.
By ELIZABETH LUTHER CARY.
With 25 photogravure illustrations, and some text cuts.
Large 8vo, $3.75.
Miss Cary has done her work well, and has contri-
buted something to the popular understanding of one of
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By the Same Author.
TENNYSON:
His Homes, His Friends, and His Work.
With 18 photogravure illustrations. Large 8vo, gilt top, $3.75.
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Famous Homes of Great Britain
And Their Stories.
Edited by A. H. MALAN.
With nearly 200 illustrations. Royal 8vo, $7.50; full
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Among the writers are the Duke of Marlborough, the
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Blenheim.
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By MARION HARLAND.
Some Colonial Homesteads
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Romance of the Feudal
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A Prisoner of the Khaleefa.
Twelve Years' Captivity at Omdurman.
By CHARLES NEUFELD. Illustrated
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Little Journeys.
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1. Good Men and Great.
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Sketches of Lowly Life in a
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By M. A. WOOLF. Edited by Joseph
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By Washington Irving.
Rip Van Winkle.
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
The two volumes contain 15 full-page
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by Frederick S. Coburn. With title-
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8vo, each $1.75; per set, $3.50.
More Colonial Homesteads
And Their Stories. With 80 illustra-
tions. 8vo, $3,00.
MORE COLONIAL HOMESTEADS
includes, among others, descriptions and
illustrations of John Hall, Johnstown,
N. Y.- La Chaumiere du Prairie, Lex-
ington, Ky.- Morven, the Stockton
Homestead, Princeton, N. J.-Scotia,
the Glen-Sanders House, Schenectady,
N. Y.-Two Schuyler Homesteads,
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Where Ghosts Walk.
The Haunts of Familiar Characters in
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“Graphic descriptions of historical spots,
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Literary Hearthstones.
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1. Charlotte Brontë.
2. William Cowper.
These biographies were prepared in
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American Historic Towns. Edited by Lyman P. Powell.
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[Dec. 1,
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M. F. MANSFIELD & A. WESSELS
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1899.)
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400
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DR. NEWELL DWIGHT HILLIS' MASTERPIECE.
GREAT BOOKS AS
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BY THE AUTHOR OF “CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS."
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1899.]
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A. C.
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JUST PUBLISHED.
THE HONEY-MAKERS TALES OF AN OLD CHATEAU
By MARGARET W. MORLEY, author of “The Bee By MARGUERITE BOUVET, author of “Sweet Will-
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set forth some touching incidents of the French revolu-
study of the bee and honey in literature from the sacred
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books of India to the poetry of to-day. It is a work illustrations, in Miss Armstrong's delicate style, add
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JUDEA: From Cyrus to Titus, 537 B.C.-70 A.D.
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66
RECENTLY PUBLISHED.
THE HOUSE OF THE WIZARD
THOSE DALE GIRLS
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unteer." 12mo, $1.25.
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THE BEE PEOPLE
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NOOKS AND CORNERS OF OLD
A CHILD'S PRIMER OF NATURAL
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1899.]
403
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SCRIBNER'S HOLIDAY BOOKS
THE LETTERS OF ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON.
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beautiful form. Nothing is
and eye. The print is also
lacking to make the books per-
in limp leather, gilt top, small 16mo. (Sold both clear and handsome.”—
fect."- New York Tribune. only in sets.) Price, per set, $6.00 net.
New York Evening Post.
THE LION AND THE UNICORN. Mr. Davis's new book (illustrated, 12mo, $1.25).
The Boston Herald said of it: "The volume is delightful through and through. His men and women have hearts.”
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, Publishers, New York City


404
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
THE MACMILLAN
COMPANY'S
POMPEII: Its Life and Art.
By AUGUST MAU, German Archæological Institute in Rome. Translated into English by FRANCIS
W. KELSEY, University of Michigan. Profusely illustrated with photogravures, over 200 halftone cuts
and numerous maps, plans, etc. 8vo. Cloth extra, gilt top, net,
$6.00
Not a translation from or compilation of Professor Mau's standard works on this subject, but an entirely new work intended
to answer the many questions which visitors to or readers of the ruins of the ancient city are continually asking. After a brief
account of the city, its early history and its destruction, follows a description of the excavations which have been made, and
the various buildings, public and private, which have been uncovered. The volume closes with some account of the life and
customs of the inhabitants as exhibited in their surroundings.
THE DESTRUCTION OF ANCIENT ROME:
A Sketch of the History of the Monuments.
By RODOLFO LANCIANI, D. C. L., Professor of Ancient Topography in the University of Rome.
Fully illustrated. “Handbooks of Archæology and Antiquities." 12mo. Cloth,
$2.00
In this volume Professor Lanciani-who needs no introduction to American readers-has given us a pleasing narrative
embodying the results of his investigations into the fate of the great buildings and art masterpieces of ancient Rome in the
Middle Ages and modern times. The twenty-one chapters take us from the transformation of the city by Augustus to the
destruction of the Tiburtine Gate by Pius IX. to obtain stones for the foundation of the Column commemorating the last
Ecumenical Council. The parrative is full of surprises.
THE ROMAN HISTORY OF APPIAN OF ALEXANDRIA.
Translated from the Greek by HORACE WHITE, M. A., LL.D. With maps and illustrations. “Bohn's
Classical Library.” In two volumes. 12mo. Cloth, gilt tops, net,
$3.00
An indispensable record of Roman history, in general a continuation of that by Livy, but one of which no other accessible
version in English exists. He has given us matter of absorbing interest, and has preserved for us facts and documents of the
greatest value which, but for him, would have been wholly lost.
Prof. W. W. GOODWIN, of Harvard University, writes: "Your careful editing has done much to make the work more valu-
able, and I am sure all scholars will be grateful to you for the work you have done to bring Appian out into a brighter light."
AVE ROMA IMMORTALIS:
Studies from the Chronicles of Rome.
By FRANCIS MARION CRAWFORD. In two volumes. Fully illustrated with photogravures
and drawings in the text. Crown 8vo. Cloth extra, gilt tops, net,
$6.00
“So original and so available that it must surely take the place of all other books about Rome which are needed to help one
to understand its story and its archæology."-Dr. Weir Mitchell.
Send for a List of Illustrated Books for the Young,
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY,


1899.]
405
THE DIAL
NEW HOLIDAY BOOKS.
THE LIFE AND WORKS OF ALFRED LORD TENNYSON.
New edition in ten volumes.
tops. Sold only in sets,
Fully illustrated with portraits, facsimiles, etc. 12mo. Sateen, gilt
$20.00
This is the only complete library edition of Tennyson published in this country. The Memoir by the present Lord
Tennyson is now for the first time issued in a style uniform with the poetical works. Each volume contains a photogravure
frontispiece, and there are numerous other illustrations. Four volumes contain the Memoir, one of the most valuable ever
written and including a large number of poems published in no other form.
WILD EDEN.
By GEORGE EDWARD WOODBERRY, author of "Heart of Man,” “The North Shore Watch,"
etc. 16mo. Cloth,
$1.25
This new volume will be gladly welcomed by all those who care for poetry and are familiar with Professor Woodberry's
verse in the "Century" or in his earlier volume of poems, "The North Shore Watch." Besides the rare distinction of this author's
style, whether in prose or verse, the indescribable quality alluded to below, the book will interest many from its following so
closely upon his "A New Defence of Poetry" in bis recent volume of essays, “Heart of Man," an expression of the author's
theories of art, in a review of which was said: "Books like this of Mr. Woodberry's are not common. It is not alone that he bas
a polished style, & wide culture, originality of thought and diction; it is a certain nobility of feeling and utterance which
distinguish "Heart of Man" from the ruck of essays on literary or phllosophical subjects. Those who are familiar with Mr.
Woodberry's poetry will know at once what we mean. ... Those who care for really good reading will not pass this book."
- Providence Journal.
NATURE PICTURES BY AMERICAN POETS.
Edited, with Introduction, by ANNIE RUSSELL MARBLE. Crown 8vo. Cloth,
$1,25
Songs and scenes of nature poems stimulating and valuable to all who would foster the study of nature by the modern
methods. Nature-poetry has a special mission as accompaniment to the scientific nature-study of the day.
By courtesy of authors and publishers, the editor has been able to include in the anthology, not alone selections from our
earlier poets of rank, but also lyrics and sonnets by such contemporaneous poets as Aldrich, Gilder, Stedman, Scollard, Sherman,
Cheney, Riley, Dunbar, Hovey, Father Tabb, Lloyd Mimiin, Mrs. Deland, Miss Guiney, and others.
THE LISTENING CHILD.
A selection from the stores of English verse made for the youngest readers and hearers. By LUCY
W. S. THACHER. With an introductory note by THOMAS WENTWORTH HIGGINSON. 12mo. Cloth,
gilt top,
$1.25
This is a well-considered volume of verse for children, and, apart from the charm of the many poems selected, the book
can hardly fail to be a valuable introduction to the better work in verse, which can be appreciated by the young.
or for the handsome Illustrated Christmas Catalogue.
66 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK.


406
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY'S
LIGHTS AND SHADOWS OF A LONG EPISCOPATE.
Being the Reminiscences and Recollections of the Right Reverend HENRY BENJAMIN WHIPPLE,
Bishop of Minnesota. With portrait of the author and other illustrations. 8vo. Cloth, gilt top, $5.00
It is a most interesting narrative that Bishop Whipple presents in this volume. As Bishop of Minnesota for forty years, he
has been brougbt in contact with men of all sorts and conditions. His great work at Faribault is well known throughout the
English-speaking world, and his interest in the Indians is bardly greater than that which he has shown for the colored people of
the South.
But this is only one side of bis active career. As Bishop of Minnesota he has ever held a high position in ecclesiastical
affairs and has become almost as well known in England as in this country. The book is filled with illustrations of people and
places mentioned in the text, and can fairly be said to be one of the most interesting volumes of reminiscences issued in
recent years.
"A work of varied and absorbing Interest, full of the charm of nature instinct with the graces of loving sacrifice and the
spirit of moral courage and heroism; full of a sunny, cheerful trustfulness, and full, too, of that humor which is also one of the
Christian graces."- The Churchman.
"This is a most interesting biography. It is naive, unconscious, informal, conversational. It abounds in anecdotes.
It is difficult to lay down our pen. There are fundamental principles indicated in this book which we wish to ex-
pound; anecdotes which we wish to retell, and eloquent paragraphs which we would fain quote."-The Outlook.
THE DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS.
Edited by HENRY B. WHEATLEY, F.S.A. In nine volumes. Profusely illustrated with portraits,
plans, facsimiles, etc. “Bohn's Historical Library." 12mo. Cloth. $1.50, net, each volume. The set
of nine volumes,
$13.50
The Diary proper is complete in the eight volumes previously published. The ninth volume contains the Index and Pepys.
iana, which is a vast olla podrida of jottings on the more interesting topics of the Dlary, and of other miscellaneous matter illus-
trative of the life and writings of Pepys. It is all learned, and much of It is vastly entertaining.
Mr. Wheatley has full reason to be proud of his achievement, which makes a third with Dr. Birkbeck Hill's “Boswell," and
Professor Bury's "Gibbon," in the list of really great modern editions of post-Restoration classics.
“As an introduction to the literature of the Restoration, or, indeed, of the later 17th and of the 18th century, as a whole, the
Diary is almost invaluable."--The Dial.
SCOTLAND'S RUINED ABBEYS.
-
By HOWARD CROSBY BUTLER, A.M., sometime Lecturer on Architecture in Princeton Univer-
sity, and Fellow of the American School of Classical Studies in Rome. Fully illustrated. Square 8vo.
Cloth extra, gilt top,
$3.50
A twofold purpose has produced this valuable work-a desire to supply, in convenient form, an accurate guide to the ruined
abbeys of Scotland, and to furnish a trustworthy history of their building and description of architectural features.
BOY LIFE ON THE PRAIRIE.
By HAMLIN GARLAND, Author of "Main-Travelled Roads," "Rose of Dutcher's Coolly,"
“Prairie Folks," etc., etc. Illustrated by E. W. DEMING. 12mo. Cloth extra, gilt top,
$1.50
Full of the fresh forcefulness with which the story of frontier life well told always fascinates wholesome youth. It is one
of those rare volumes which not only delight the heart of all true boys, but instruct at the same time, teaching them lessons of
pluck and endurance. A large number of illustrations, both full-page and in the text, add to the book's attractiveness.
Send for a List of Illustrated Books for the Young,
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY,


1899.]
407
THE DIAL
NEW HOLIDAY BOOKS.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN:
The Man of the People.
By NORMAN HAPGOOD, author of " Literary Statesmen and Others,” “Daniel Webster," etc.
Illustrated in photogravure and halftone from portraits, and with numerous facsimiles. Crown 8vo.
Half leather, gilt top,
$2.00
It describes his important accomplishments in politics and law before the presidency, his principal deeds during the war
and his attitude on leading public questions, etc., in a personal way, keeping the man's strong and racy individuality in the
foreground.
"A Life of Lincoln that has never been surpassed in vividness, compactness and lifelike reality."--Chicago Tribune.
“Mr. Hapgood's is a typically American story of a typically American man."--New York Herald.
JUDGE MELLEN CHAMBERLAIN says: “It is a remarkable book. Mr. Hapgood has truly presented Lincoln as the man of the
people. No one could have done this better and few so well. I feel sure that it will live in literature."
MR. HAMILTON W. MABIE says: “I know of no other Life which takes hold of Lincoln as a man, and keeps him so steadily
in a clear light; and this is done without in any way sacrificing the man's greatness or native dignity of character."
SOLDIER RIGDALE:
How He Sailed in the “Mayflower," and How He Served Miles Standish.
By BEULAH MARIE DIX, author of “Hugh Gwyeth.” With illustrations by REGINALD BIRCH.
12mo. Cloth,
$1.50
"Among the historical novels of the early settlement of America (and many good ones have been published), Miss Beulah
Marie Dix's must at once take a place of eminence. Miss Dix writes with a dash and strength that is amazing."-Boston
Courier.
BEN COMEE: A Tale of Rogers' Rangers.
By M. J. CANAVAN. With illustrations by GEORGE GIBBS. Cloth. Crown 8vo,
$1.50
A description of a boy's life in Lexington in the middle of the last century, the coming on of the Old French War, and how
Ben and two companions enlisted in the winter of 1758-9 in Rogers' Rangers. In the course of the story we meet with Lord
Howe, John Stark and Israel Putnam, and the adventures end with Rogers' great expedition into the heart of Canada to punish
the St. Francis Indians. This part of the tale is particularly vivid and intense. The story is told in a simple homespun style
and abounds in local color. The adventures actually happened, thus giving the story the added value of historical truth.
RICHARD CARVEL. (IN ITS 220TH THOUSAND SINCE JUNE 1.)
By WINSTON CHURCHILL, author of “The Celebrity." With illustrations by MALCOLM
FRASER and CARLTON T. CHAPMAN. Crown 8vo. Cloth, gilt top,
$1,50
" It is a stirring tale, most admirably told, of life in Maryland just before the outbreak of the Revolutionary War, and of
contemporary life and manners in certain circles in London--a series of thrilling events having taken the young Marylander into
the very heart of political and fashionable life of the London of Fox and Horace Walpole. For most of us such a novel is doubly
valuable if, besides being thoroughly entertaining in its plot and its romance, and of good literary style, it is also accurate in
its dealing with historical facts, and illuminating in its interpretation of movements and events. Mr. Churchill has not merely
worked up something of history, of manners and customs, and of political and literary biography for the purpose of giving the
color of the times to his story, but he has evidently brought a strong and clear mind, with unflinching resolution, to the genuine
understanding of the larger bearings of the political, economic and social facts of the times in which his characters live and
move."-Review of Reviews.
or for the handsome Illustrated Christmas Catalogue.
66 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK.


408
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY'S
THE UNITED KINGDOM: A Political History.
By GOLDWIN SMITH, D. C. L., author of "The United States: A Political History," “Questions
of the Day,” “Guesses at the Riddle of Existence," etc. Two volumes. Crown 8vo,
$4.00
The purpose of Professor Goldwin Smith's new work is clearly suggested by its sub-title. It is a political history of the
United Kingdom from the earliest times to the Reform Bill of 1832. It is a companion to his former work on "The United
States: A Political History," and, read together, the two present a very comprehensive review of the political growth of the
English-speaking race.
The earlier work was described by “The Nation" as: “A literary masterpiece, as reada ble as a novel, remarkable for its
compression without dryness, and its brilliancy without any rhetorical effort or display."
THE STORY OF FRANCE.
From the Earliest Times to the Consulate of Napoleon Bonaparte.
By the HON. THOMAS E. WATSON. Medium 8vo. Cloth, gilt tops. In two volumes, • $5.00
Vol. I. FROM THE SETTLEMENT BY THE GAULS TO THE DEATH OF LOUIS XV.
Vol. II. THE REVOLUTION, AND TO THE CONSULATE OF NAPOLEON BONAPARTE.
In a review of the first volume, Professor Henry M. Baird said: “He has given us a highly interesting book upon one of
the most fascinating themes of history. The Story of France' is the fruit of great research, and is a conscientious and
thoroughly readable presentation of a great theme."
“The American," of Philadelphia: “Many histories of France have been written, many in the English tongue, but none
that can compare with this. A more brief, direct, yet readable history, leaving a vivid impression upon the mind, is scarcely imagin-
able... For our part, we look upon history as an art, by the study of which we may learn to govern ourselves in a way to
avoid the pitfalls that have been the undoing of great peoples, of firmly established governments, and it is so that Mr.
Watson regards history, so in his own inimitable style that he has written the history of France."
FOR YOUNGER READERS.
DRAKE AND HIS YEOMAN.
A TRUE ACCOUNTING OF THE CHARACTER AND ADVENTURES OF SIR FRANCIS
DRAKE, AS TOLD BY SIR MATTHEW MAUNSELL, HIS FRIEND AND FOLLOWER,
WHEREIN IS SET FORTH MUCH OF THE NARRATOR'S PRIVATE HISTORY.
By JAMES BARNES, author of "Yankee Ships and Yankee Sailors," "For King or Country,"
“A Loyal Traitor," etc. With illustrations by CARLTON CHAPMAN. Cloth. Crown 8vo, $2.00
A story of adventure which is a matter of absolute record in history, and Mr. Barnes has gone to the best authorities to
gain a knowledge of his subject. All the persons named actually existed and were followers of Drake-his Yeomen, as he called
them; and the history reads like the romance of a Defoe.
STORIES FROM FROISSART.
By HENRY NEWBOLT, author of "Admirals All," "The Island Race," etc. Illustrated. 12mo.
Cloth extra,
$1.50
Besides being delightful stories in themselves, these selections and their many quaint illustrations have much educational
value for the young student.
Send for a List of Illustrated Books for the Young,
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY,


1899.]
409
THE DIAL
NEW HOLIDAY BOOKS.
SARACINESCA. Illustrated by Orson LOWELL.
By FRANCIS MARION CRAWFORD, author of "Sant'Ilario,” “Corleone," etc. In two vol-
umes. Fully illustrated. Sateen, gilt,
$5.00
A handsome illustrated edition of the most popular of Mr. Crawford's novels, by many held to be his best work. The
illustrations, decorative chapter headings, tailpieces, etc., are from the same hand as those in the beautiful edition of
"The Choir Invisible," issued a year ago-one of the most widely sold of the holiday editions.
"The work has two distinct merits, either of which would serve to make it great-that of telling a perfect story in a perfect
way, and of giving a graphic picture of Roman society. The story is exquisitely told and is the author's highest achieve-
ment as yet in the realm of fiction."- The Boston Traveller.
“It is by far the most stirring and dramatic of all the author's Italian stories. The plot is a masterly one, bringing
at almost every page a fresh surprise, keeping the reader in suspense to the very end."-The New York Times.
"One of the most engrossing novels we have ever read.”—Times-Herald, Chicago.
VIA CRUCIS: A Romance of the Second Crusade.
By FRANCIS MARION CRAWFORD, author of “Saracinesca," "Ave Roma Immortalis," etc.,
etc. Illustrated by LOUIS LOEB. Crown 8vo. Cloth, gilt top,
$1.50
.
Mr. Crawford has gone back to the middle ages for the scene of his new novel-& story of the most intense interest, full of
the spirit of chivalry and Christian manhood. The main outline of this romance of the Second Crusade is based upon a broad
study of the history of the period. Both St. Bernard and Queen Eleanor figure as characters, the hero's fortunes being inter-
woven with those of the gay young queen.
“The historian will approve its conscientious historic accuracy; the lover of adventure will find his blood stir and pulses
quicken as he reads; the romantic reader will find here a tale of love passionate and pure; the student of character the subtle
analysis and deft portrayal he loves."- The Times Saturday Review.
THE FAVOR OF PRINCES.
By MARK LEE LUTHER, author of "The Livery of Honour," etc. Cloth. Crown 8vo, - $1.50
A story of the time of Louis XV. as adventurous as any lover of a thrilling situation could wish. The incidents are capi-
tally conceived and handled with a spirit and dash, which, coupled with the scene, inevitably suggests Dumas, and is unsurpassed
even by him.
YOUNG APRIL.
By EGERTON CASTLE, author of "The Pride of Jennico,” etc., etc.
A. B. WENZELL. 12mo. Cloth extra, gilt top,
With illustrations by
$1.50
“The aim of the writer would appear to have been to make everything in his book contribute to one rare impression of
exquisite romance. Such an impression he unquestionably conveys. He has painted youth in all its chivalry and ideality, and
has preserved its delicate bloom to the end, only deepening its magical effect by the epilogue in which he touches on its poignant
place in the recollections of maturity.”- New York Tribune.
"As in 'The Pride of Jennico,' there is a rare degree of beauty and distinction of literary style, combined with dash, color,
and a fine sweep of dramatic movement."- The Telegram, Providence.
or for the handsome Illustrated Christmas Catalogue.
66 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK.


410
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY'S
LETTERS FROM JAPAN.
A Record of Modern Life in the Island Empire.
By MRS. HUGH FRASER, author of "Palladia,' etc. With 250 Illustrations. Two volumes. Silk
cloth, net,
$7.50
Delightfully illustrated home letters from the wife of the British Minister resident in Japan during the first years of the new
constitution to her family in Rome-letters of which "Literature" says: "Every one is a valuable contribution to our knowledge
of the Japanese."
"Exquisite word pictures-altogether delightful.”—The Tribune, Chicago. "Simply captivating."-Evening Post.
AMONG ENGLISH HEDGEROWS.
Written and illustrated by CLIFTON JOHNSON. With an Introduction by HAMILTON W.
MABIE. Crown 8vo. Cloth extra, gilt top,
$2.25
Clifton Johnson is probably the most successful of those illustrating with the camera. His scenes are always natural and
he has the happy faculty of catching people in just the right position The illustrations for the present volume cover a remark-
able range of subjects, and present a collection of pictures of English rural life of notably high quality, in perfect harmony with
his text, to which Mr. Mabie has supplied a sympathetic introduction.
LITTLE NOVELS OF ITALY.
By MAURICE HEWLETT, author of "The Forest Lovers," "Songs and Meditations,” etc. 12mo.
Cloth extra, gilt top,
$1.50
Contains "MADONNA OF THE PEACH-TREE," “IPPOLITA IN THE HILLS,” “THE DUCHESS OF
NONA," "MESSER CINO AND THE LIVE COAL,” and “THE JUDGMENT OF BORSO."
“Mr. Hewlett is one of those rare and happy authors who make niches for themselves quite apart from the ordinary trend
of literature, where invidious comparisons cannot reach them. The quaint mediæval quality of his 'Forest Lovers' has cast its
spell over countless readers even while they questioned wherein that spell could lie. And so it is with his latest volume.”_
Commercial Advertiser.
“The range of his art would alone proclaim his remarkable quality as an author. ... But what impresses the reader in
Mr. Hewlett's scope is not merely its inclusion of many types and passions of diverse scenes and colors, but that it involves uni-
formly a sure and easy seizure of the fundamental things lying unchanged forever beneath the surface."- New York Tribune.
“ His picturesqueness and the other qualities of his style are all his own, and they reveal an artistic charm that is at times
fascinating and is always attractive.”—Chicago Tribune.
"The style is forceful and picturesque, and the stories are so true to their locality that they read almost like translations."
--New York Times.
TALES OF LANGUEDOC.
By SAMUEL JACQUES BRUN. With an Introduction by HARRIET W. PRESTON. Illustrations
by ERNEST C. PEIXOTTO. 12mo. Cloth extra,
$1.50
Professor Brun's stories are of quite exceptional popular interest. They belong, of course, with folk-stories and fairy tales,
and deal with those elements in character, situation and incident which form the common material of such stories the world
over; and, moreover, they are unusually direct, energetic and entertaining. They are charmingly illustrated by Ernest Peixotto.
Send for a List of Illustrated Books for the Young,
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY,


1899.)
411
THE DIAL
NEW HOLIDAY BOOKS.
CHILD LIFE IN COLONIAL DAYS.
Written by ALICE MORSE EARLE, author of “Home Life in Colonial Days” and other Domestic
and Social Histories of Olden Times. With many illustrations from photographs. Crown 8vo. Cloth
extra, gilt top,
$2.50
It is a book to delight many different classes of readers, and although not primarily intended for young people, it cannot
fail to be of absorbing interest to the younger generation, containing, as it does, so much of amusement and instruction. These
volumes, whether read separately or together, present a commentary on early life in this country quite unequaled in our
literature.
HOME LIFE IN COLONIAL DAYS.
By ALICE MORSE EARLE. Illustrated by photographs gathered by the author,
$2.50
"Compara cively little has been done until now toward the exposition of the everyday life of the pioneers and their descend-
ants; the political history has been written, but the domestic has been neglected. Alice Morse Earle has published a most inter-
esting volume to repair this deficiency, in her book on 'Home Life in Colonial Days.' The volume is unique; nothing quite like
it has ever been attempted before."-Mail and Express.
"The work is mainly and essentially an antiquarian account of the tools, implements and utensils, as well as the processes
of colonial domestic industry; and it is full enough to serve as a moderate encyclopedia in that kind... This useful and
attractive book, with its profuse and interesting pictures, its fair typography, and its quaint binding, imitative of an old-time
sampler, should prove a favorite."- The Dial.
DIOMED: The Life, Travels, and Observations of a Dog.
By JOHN SERGEANT WISE. Illustrated by J. LINTON CHAPMAN. 12mo. Cloth, gilt top, $2.00
"It would be hard to find a book on field sports with dog and gun to place beside this as its equal,"— The Chap Book.
FOR THE YOUNG PEOPLE.
WABENO THE MAGICIAN.
The Sequel to “Tommy-Anne and the Three Hearts.”
By MABEL OSGOOD WRIGHT, author of “Birdcraft," “Four-footed Americans," etc., etc.
Fully illustrated by JOSEPH M. GLEASON. 12mo. Cloth extra,
$1.50
Another of Mrs. Wright's delightful nature stories, full of entertainment and instruction. The book is particularly rich in
illustration, as there are numerous full-page halftone engravings, and pen-and-ink sketches are scattered throughout the text.
The latter are largely of unfamiliar flowers and plants, made familiar in the author's delightful way.
THE JINGLE BOOK. Second Edition.
By CAROLYN WELLS. Illustrated by OLIVER HERFORD. Small quarto. Cloth, $1.00
No more delightful gift for young people could be imagined than this charming book. Author and artist are so happily in
sympathy with each other that the clever drawings seem essential to the verses, and each strives to outdo the other in whimsical
comicalities. Each page has its happy surprise and it will be a prosaic child who will not find delight in both pictures and jingles,
or for the handsome Illustrated Christmas Catalogue.
66 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK.


412
[Dec. 1, 1899.
THE DIAL
D. APPLETON
&
Co.'s NEW BOOKS
son.
A History of American Privateers.
Reminiscences of a Very Old Man.
By EDGAR STANTON MACLAY, A.M., author of 1808-1897. By JOHN SARTAIN. Illustrated.
“A History of the United States Navy." Uniform 12mo. Cloth, $2.50.
with “A History of the United States Navy."
Mr. Bullen's New Book.
One volume. Illustrated. 8vo, $3.50.
The Log of a Sea-Waif.
A History of the People of the
Being Recollections of the First Four Years of my
United States,
Sea Life. By FRANK T. BULLEN, F.R.G.S., au-
By Prof. John Bach McMASTER. Vol. V. 8vo. thor of "The Cruise of the Cachalot” and “ Idylls
Cloth, with maps.
$2.50. Nearly Ready.
of the Sea.” Illustrated. Uniform edition. 12mo.
The Mansfield Calendar for 1900.
Cloth, $1.50.
With pictures of Richard Mansfield's favorite
By Félix Gras.
characters. 32 pages. Printed on heavy wood-
The White Terror.
cut papers. 9x12 inches. 75 cents.
A Romance. By FELIX GRAS. Translated from
the Provençal by Mrs. Catharine A. Janvier.
The Seven Seas.
Uniform with “ The Reds of the Midi” and “The
A volume of poems by RUDYARD KIPLING, author
Terror." 16mo. Cloth, $1.50.
of “Many Inventions,” etc. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50;
half calf, $3.00; morocco, $5.00.
Anthony Hope's New Novel.
Uncle Remus.
The King's Mirror.
His Songs and his Sayings. By JOEL CHANDLER
A Novel By ANTHONY HOPE, author of “The
HARRIS. With new preface and revisions, and 112
Chronicles of Count Antonio," "The God in the
illustrations by A. B. Frost. 12mo. Cloth, $2.00.
Car,” “Rupert of Hentzau.” 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
Bird-Life.
Mammon and Co.
A Novel By E. F. Benson, author of “ Dodo,"
A Study of our Common Birds. By FRANK M.
CHAPMAN.
“The Rubicon," etc. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
Illustrated by Ernest Seton-Thomp-
With 75 full-page plates in colors. 8vo.
Averages.
Cloth, $5.00. Teachers' edition, $2.00. Also
A Novel of New York. By ELEANOR STUART,
plain edition, 12mo, cloth, $1.75.
author of “Stonepastures." 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
The Story of the Railroad.
Recollections of the Civil War.
By CY WARMAN. The latest volume in The Story By CHARLES A. DANA. With portrait and index.
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THE DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
No. 323.
DEC. 1, 1899.
Vol. XXVIII.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
OPERA IN CHICAGO
413
.
.
.
.
.
COMMUNICATION
415
Good Literature for the Young. F. M. R.
STEVENSON'S LETTERS. E. G. J.
416
FROM ACCAWMACKE TO APPOMATTOX.
Francis Wayland Shepardson
418
THE NEW BYRON. Melville B. Anderson .
420
THE VALUE OF THE HISTORY OF ART.
Edward E. Hale, Jr.
421
HOLIDAY PUBLICATIONS - I.
424
Michel's Rubens, his Life, Work, and Time.- Gib-
son's The Education of Mr. Pipp.— Mackennal's
Homes and Haunts of the Pilgrim Fathers.—Malan's
Famous Homes of Great Britain.-Parkman's Mont-
calm and Wolfe, illustrated edition. - Mitchell's
Hugh Wynne, “Continental” edition.- Smedley's
Life and Character. - Morrow's Bohemian Paris of
To-Day.- Johnson's Among English Hedgerows.-
Cook's England, Picturesque and Descriptive.- Car-
lyle's French Revolution, illustrated edition. — Irv-
ing's Rip Van Winkle, and Legend of Sleepy Hollow,
illustrated editions.- Black's Modern Daughters.-
Roger's Manual of Coaching.- Mahaffy's Rambles
and Studies in Greece, illustrated edition.- George
Eliot's Middlemarch, and Silas Marner, illustrated
editions.--Mrs. Rowan's Wild Flowers.--Hawthorne's
Marble Faun, “Roman" edition.- Pyle's The Price
of Blood.-Marion Harland's Literary Hearthstones.
-New volumes in the Thumb-Nail Series.- Drake's
Historic Mansions and Highways around Boston.
- Thompson's The Trail of the Sandhill Stag. -
Ford's Cupid and the Footlights.--Streamer's What
Makes a Friend, and In Friendship's Name. -
Crane's The Sirens Three. - Strang's Famous Ac-
tresses in America.-Hemstreet's Nooks and Corners
of Old New York.-MacManus's In Chimney Corners.
- Marion Harland's More Colonial Homesteads.-
Miss Wilson's Romance of our Ancient Churches. -
Miss Hartshorne's For Thee Alone. - Westley's For
Love's Sweet Sake. — Historic Towns of the Middle
States.-Shakespeare's Sonnets, illus. by Henry
Ospovat.- The Copley Series of Standard Works.
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG-I. .
432
What the season brings.- Stories of school and col-
lege.- Student life of girls.- Tales of war and ac-
tion.- American history to the Revolution.- From
1812 to the Civil War.- From Cuba to the Philip-
pines. — Invention and discovery. - Travel and
adventure. - Various sorts of heroes. - For boys
chiefly. - Books for both boys and girls. — About
girls and for them .- For younger readers.-Stories
of animals. - Indians and golliwoggs. - Fairy tales
and fables.-Anthologies, new editions, and annuals.
LITERARY NOTES
437
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS
438
OPERA IN CHICAGO.
The annual season of grand opera in Chi-
cago is now practically at an end, and the re-
sult is a very distinct announcement on the
part of Mr. Maurice Grau that he will not re-
turn another year unless a reasonable guaranty
of financial support be provided. This an-
nouncement is not made in a spirit of peevish-
ness, but rather in a tone of genuine regret
that Chicago should be no longer willing to
give adequate support to an opera company
whose efforts are based upon the highest stand-
ard of artistic achievement. It is the logical
consequence of the small attendance at the
recent performances, coupled with the similar
experience of the organization during the last
three years. Clearly Mr. Grau and his associ-
ates cannot be expected to produce opera in
Chicago or any other city at a heavy yearly
loss, and this is what they have been doing
since 1895. Up to that date, the weekly re-
ceipts for several years had averaged some-
thing like fifty thousand dollars; during the
last four years they have declined to something
like thirty thousand dollars. In New York
and Boston, Mr. Grau informs us, the advance
subscriptions alone for the coming season
amount to more than this sum per week; and
in view of these facts, he is compelled to say
that his philosophy, “as far as Chicago is con-
cerned, has reached the limit.”
No fair-minded person can quarrel with
either this reasoning or its logical outcome.
Such a company of singers as have been
brought together for the present year is un-
surpassed in the history of opera, and cannot
be paralleled anywhere in the world. Mr. Grau
hardly exceeds the bare truth when he says:
“If all the remaining singers in Europe were
to be combined in one company, it would not
equal in merit the company now appearing at
the Chicago Auditorium.” There have been
a few unfortunate substitutions in the casts of
the works presented, but the performances as
a whole have been of a degree of artistic excel.
lence that is rarely attained in any city of
Europe. This year, as well as for the five or
six years preceding, Mr. Grau has organized a
company which has been capable of reaching
.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
438


414
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
what ten years ago was thought an impossible cents is a small matter, but the very pettiness
ideal, a company whose resources have been of the advance caused it to be resented, and we
such as to make possible the production of Ger believe that it would have been wiser to forego
man, French, and Italian works in the lan- it altogether, or even to make it a still larger
guages in which they were written. We are no amount. The problem is a familiar one to
longer confined, as in years not very long past, students of economics ; it is that of determin-
to Italian opera, but have been given German ing the price at which profits will reach their
opera and French opera instead of inartistic maximum aggregate. It is something to be
Italian translations of the French and German found out by experiment alone; and Mr. Grau's
masterpieces. In Chicago, we have had, more experiment has proved unfortunate. We do
over, the services of the local orchestra that not doubt that he would have had larger re-
is, of such an orchestra as no other city in Amer- ceipts every year had he adhered to the tradi-
ica, and few others in Europe, can command tional scale of prices, and we think it quite
for operatic purposes. And we have also a hall possible also that a considerably augmented
of unsurpassable acoustic qualities, and of such scale of prices would have operated in the same
dimensions that it becomes possible to offer per way, although in this case with the accompan-
formances of the highest class at prices from iment of smaller audiences and conspicuously
one-half to two-thirds of those that obtain in large vacant tracts in the body of the house.
nearly all other cities, large and small. But Another consideration is that opera of a
in spite of these manifest advantages, we have sort and sometimes of a very good sort
so neglected “our opportunities that they now has of late been offered to the Chicago public
bid fair to be withdrawn altogether.
upon increasingly frequent occasions at little
The situation thus outlined is a curious one, more than ordinary theatre prices, and, dur-
and we do not wonder that Mr. Grau is dis- ing the past year, at even less than those
heartened. The showing is discreditable for a prices. This must have had its effect upon
city with metropolitan aspirations, a city big an
an indiscriminating public, in which artistic
enough to display active jealousy of New York, appreciation is not developed to the point of
and wealthy enough to support a three months' realizing the vast difference between fine and
rather than a three weeks' season of opera. It ordinary performances. To a logical mind,
is a situation too complex to be explained by the former is richly worth two or three times
any one formula, and sufficiently interesting as much as the latter ; but the mind of the
to be worth some attempt at analysis. We average opera-goer is not always logical.
have followed the history of opera in Chicago
Then there have been many minor annoy-
with fairly close attention for the past twenty ances. Those bave been disappointments in the
five years, and it may be worth while to set case of individual singers of whose appearance
forth a few of the conclusions that have been there was a reasonable expectation, and disap-
forced upon us by this lengthy and varied ex pointments in the case of substitutions of
perience.
works and changes of bills concerning which
The first consideration to which we would the public has been left uninformed until the
call attention is of a very petty nature, but we last possible moment. There have been now
believe it to be a serious factor in the present and then such artistic blots as the principal
problem. While it is true that Chicago gets singers discoursing to one another in different
opera at lower prices than any other city, it is languages—an Italian Tannhäuser with a Ger-
also true that it possesses an opera house of man Frau Venus, for example — and usually
such capacity as to make low prices advisable a chorus singing Italian to the French of a
even from the strictly business point of view of Faust or the German of a Lohengrin. Works
the management. Now the traditional price of have often been given with essential parts
opera in Chicago, maintained for many years omitted, and this without any warning to the
before the Auditorium became available, was public, as in the cases of " Les Huguenots”
three dollars. In only two or three special and “Guglielmo Tell.” There has frequently
such as those of Madame Lucca and been stage-management of the most slovenly
Madame Patti - was this price ever exceeded
sort;
the fire scene in “ Die Walküre” has
until about four years ago, when Mr. Grau never been decently done in Chicago, the clos-
took the ill-advised step of adding fifty cents ing scene in “ Tannhäuser” has been robbed
to this sum. The decline of receipts began at
of all its ethical effectiveness, and the final apo-
that time, and has continued ever since. Fifty theosis of “Faust” has been converted into a
cases


1899.]
415
THE DIAL
grotesque anti-climax. In operas that include edged classics as well. Why do we so seldom
a ballet, there has been hardly an apology for hear “Fidelio,” and why do we almost never
that feature, and in the case of “Faust” the hear “Orfeo or “Die Zauberflöte"? Among
great Walpurgis Night scene has been habitu. comparatively recent works, why does not
ally left out altogether. The stage sets have “ Mefistofele” stay in the current repertoire,
grown shabbier every year, and no attempt has
every year, and no attempt has why has “ La Gisconda” been missing from it
been made to provide new ones. Finally, the for many years, and why has Mr. Reyer's “Si-
boys who sell “books of the opera” have been gurd ” never found a way into it? The simple
permitted to cry their wares throughout the per fact remains that the round of works that one
formance of the overture, although it might be gets a chance to hear becomes narrower all the
the Vorspiel to “ Lohengrin” or the introduc- time, and in this condition of affairs there is no
tion to “Tristan and Isolde," neither of which hope for permanence of interest in one of the
can be really heard unless the most absolute noblest forms of art. Fifteen and twenty years
silence obtains.
ago in Chicago, although no such companies
All these things taken together constitute a and singers as those which now come to us were
heavy indictment, and Mr. Grau will do well to known, the seeker after operatic culture in this
ponder upon them. They have shown a reck-city was given the opportunity of hearing a far
less disregard of the minor details of art, which greater variety of works, in performances that
are to the sensitive mind almost as important were at least tolerable. If opera is to be saved
as the leading features. They have resulted
They have resulted from the condition of dry rot into which it is
from the mistaken theory that opera is a thing now rapidly falling, it must be done chiefly by a
for fashionable diversion and not a means of decided enlargement of repertoire, including
serious culture. They have combined with other the revival of many neglected classics, and by a
influences to create a thoroughly unhealthy con far more conscientious attention to artistic de-
dition of affairs; these things, and the vicious tails than has recently obtained.
“ star" system, and the meagreness of the re-
pertoire presented from year to year, are ample
to account for the falling-off which is so greatly
deplored. Concerning the limited repertoire of
COMMUNICATION.
recent years, more than a word of comment is
called for. The frequency with which such GOOD LITERATURE FOR THE YOUNG.
works as “ Martha ” and “Il Trovatore” and
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
“Romeo et Juliette" have been brought for As the head of a large family, in whose interest I
ward is an affront to the public intelligence.
have been studying educational methods for twenty
years past, may I say a word in commendation of your
They are third-rate compositions, and it is de-
leading article in the current number of THE DIAL?
plorable to waste upon them the resources of an Although you have said it much better than I could
organization which is capable of the highest have done, you have exactly expressed my feeling as to
achievements. It will not do to plead, as Mr.
the great importance of familiarizing the young mind
Grau does, that his recent experiments in new
with the best literature, and training the memory by
compelling its use in the highest degree. Modern edu-
works have resulted in empty houses. If he cators seemed to have overlooked the old truth that
means such operas as those of Massenet, they there is no royal road to learning." From the kinder-
deserved no better fate. But if he means such garten, through the primary school certainly, if no
works as “ Falstaff” and “Otello,” the public farther, everything is made as easy as possible for the
child. He is expected to observe many things, and to
may be trusted to appreciate them in good time.
learn very few. In place of the good old method of
Every manager ought to plan for the future, memorizing and analyzing masterpieces of the poets, he
even at some present and temporary loss; the is coaxed and amused by pretty songs
and
great works will find hearers in the end, and in is something to be said, I suppose, for the new ways, for
such numbers as to compensate for the loss that
the children (naturally) like them; but I cannot think
that true mental discipline can be acquired without bard
they may have occasioned in their earlier pres-
work; and it seems to me that any thinking man or
entations. To give up, and fall back upon
the woman who was educated under the system of thirty or
old hackneyed favorites, merely because an un forty years ago must be grateful for the steady grind
familiar but meritorious composition does not
which strengthened mind and memory alike, and which
fostered a taste for the highest in literature - which
at once command popular applause, is to save
compelled the student to look up for his mental food
the present situation only at the cost of losing rather than to find it on the level of his own untrained
all control of the future. It is not only the mind.
F. M. R.
new works that are neglected, but the acknowl Chicago, November 17, 1899.
games. There


416
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
Thank you
;
to nautical ditty). Which I may however be allowed
The New Books.
to add that when eight months' mail was laid by my
side one evening in Apia, and my wife and I sat up
most of the night to peruse the same. (precious indis-
STEVENSON'S LETTERS. *
posed we were next day in consequence) — no letter,
out of so many, more appealed to our hearts than one
Those who enjoyed — and that is to say all
from the pore, stick-in-the-mud, land-lubbering, com-
who read the series of Stevenson letters in
mon (or garden) Londoner, James Payn.
“Scribner's Magazine” will be glad to know for it; my wife says, Ca n't I see him when we get
that the comely volumes now before us are not
back to London ?' I have told her the thing appeared
a mere reprint of those pleasant epistles, but
to me within the spear of practical politix. . . How
you skim along, you and Andrew Lang (different as
contain in addition to them nearly as many you are), and yet the only two who can keep a fellow
new ones of equal interest and quality. It is smiling every page, and ever and again laughing out
rather late in the day now to trumpet in a
loud. I joke wi' deeficulty, I believe; I am not funny;
review Robert Louis Stevenson's gift as a let-
and when I am, Mrs. Oliphant says I'm vulgar. ...
My dear sir, I grow more and more idiotic; I cannot
ter writer. His place with the half-score or so
even feign sanity. Sometime in the month of June
of moderns who have excelled in this alleged a stalwart, weather-beaten man, evidently of seafaring
lost art is already as secure as FitzGerald's, antecedents, shall be observed wending his way between
and it is no great venture in opinion to say
the Athenæum Club and Waterloo Place. Arrived off
that his letters - the really Stevensonian ones,
No. 17, he shall be observed to bring his head sharply
to the wind, and tack into the outer haven. Captain
we mean, the ones that make us wonder the
Payn in the harbour ?' Ay, ay, sir. What ship?'
more at the miraculous fact that the writer of • Barquentine R. L. S., nine hundred and odd days out
such whimsical, fantastical, delightfully non-
from the port of Bournemouth, homeward bound, with
sensical missives was a Scotchman
are easily yarns and curiosities.'"
the best in their kind that have appeared in
Stevenson was a man of genius, and of a keen
print since Lamb's. If Tusitala carried in his eye and a singularly independent mind, and
mind's eye any epistolary model at all, which
the fact that he was so is flashed upon us often
is doubtful, that model was assuredly “ Elia.” enough and brilliantly enough in his letters
Stevenson, who had a modest opinion of his
but their purely intellectual quality is by no
own work in general ("a great performer be means their dominant and characteristic qual-
fore the Lord on the penny-whistle,” he calls ity. We cannot dispose of the collection
himself), sincerely believed himself to be a by affixing to it the serviceable old labels,
dismal and constitutional failure as a corres-
"freighted with wisdom ” and “charged with
pondent. The content of his letters he forcibly sober reflection.” Of deliberate speculation
styled "rot"; and he thought his mind one
or theorizing upon the graver problems of life,
“ essentially and originally incapable of the art
there is hardly a trace. That Stevenson, a
epistolary.' It would be difficult, indeed, to thoughtful man, a man of imagination and keen
specify, for the satisfaction of the unco-literal sensibility, to whom for years death had been
and serious-minded, just wherein lies the ele- visibly beckoning, pondered much and pain-
ment of permanent and positive value in his fully upon those problems, may be taken for
letters, very much as it would be difficult to granted. But whatever forebodings, whatever
satisfy “Mr. Gradgrind” as to the abiding spiritual doubts and misgivings may have
merits of Lamb's essay on roast pig. Their haunted him, he kept them to himself like a
charm is a subtle essence, potent but elusive.
man, and did not transmit them through the
As to form, they have none.
mails to his friends.* As a correspondent,
cialty to have none. As to matter, Stevenson's
from this point of view, no stronger contrast
own epithet “rot” has a certain applicability to this sunny and gallant spirit can be sug-
to not a few, and even to some of the most gested than his friend John Addington Sy-
characteristic, of them to the following one
monds, who wrote, as it might seem, with his
to James Payn, for instance, which “ Elia" coffin before him, who groaned and fretted over
himself might have written to Manning. Stev-
the hereafter through reams of sepulchral cor-
enson writes from the steamer Lübeck," and respondence, and whose letters, however elo-
in the character of an ancient mariner.
quent, profound, and mournfully edifying they
“Excuse a plain seaman if he regards with scorn the
may be, are not seldom about as cheery and
likes of you pore landlubbers ashore now. (Referenco enlivening as the wail of a banshee.
* THE LETTERS OF ROBERT Louis STEVENSON. Edited *In one instance we find him admitting: "I hate diffusing
by Sidney Colvin, with illustrations by Guérin and E. C. the scent of the charnel. I am doing it, however, in this
Peixotto. In two vols. New York : Charles Scribner's Sons. letter."
It is their spe-


1899.]
417
THE DIAL
As mere chronicles, Stevenson's letters are of ness of wit and intelligence suggested occasionally a
no great value. “I deny," he writes in one of spirit of air and fire' rather than one of earth; that he
them, “that letters should contain news (I mean
was abundantly given to all kinds of quirk and laugh-
ter; and that there was no jest (saving the unkind) he
mine, other people's should)"; and so, as a rule, would not make and relish. In the streets of Edin-
he consistently refrained from pelting his cor burgh he had certainly been known for queer pranks
respondents with facts (" sordid facts,” he calls and mystifications in youth; and up to middle life there
them) about himself and the world he moved
seemed to some of his friends to be much, if not of the
Puck, at least of the Ariel, about him.”
in. As the excellent editor, Mr. Colvin, re-
marks, the letters are not at all of the sort that
It is good to know that the closing years of
can be woven into the texture of a biographical Stevenson, the years of exile and daily battle
narrative. Were we to attempt to divine the
with disease, were at least free from the stress
secret of their worth and charm, of the hold
of pecuniary strait and anxiety. His share in
they now have, and will long continue to have,
the proceeds of the sale of his writings was a just
upon almost all classes of readers, we should
and even a handsome one. In this connection
say that it lies in their complete spontaneity, it is pleasant to quote a passage from a letter
and in the resulting fact that they place us
to Mr. Archer (October, 1887), which makes
closely en rapport with one of the rarest and agreeable reading in more ways than one:
most captivating personalities that ever graced
“I am now a salaried party ; I am a bourgeois now;
I am to write a weekly paper for Scribner's, at a scale
the profession of letters. They reflect as a
of payment which makes my teeth ache for shame and
mirror the mood of the moment, the passing diffidence. The editor is, I believe, to apply to you ;
whim, the fleeting humor of this mutable, kindly for we were talking over likely men, and when I in-
spirit, “ most fantastic but most human.” Mr.
stanced you, he said he had had his eye upon you from
Colvin assures us that the letters at their best
the first. It is worth while, perhaps, to get in tow with
the Scribners ; they are such thorough gentlefolk in all
come nearer than anything else to the full-
ways that it is always a pleasure to deal with them. I
blooded charm and variety of Stevenson's con am like to be a millionaire if this goes on, and be pub-
versation.” Of that conversation Mr. Henley licly hanged at the social revolution : well, I would
has written :
prefer that to dying in my bed ; and it would be a
godsend to my biographer, if ever I have one.”
“I leave his praise in this direction (the telling of
Scottish vernacular stories) to others. It is more to my
Mr. Colvin's editing is all that can be de-
purpose to note that he will discourse with you of sired — painstaking, helpful, and unobtrusive ;
morals, music, marbles, men, manners, metaphysics, and his Introductory is a delightful piece of
medicine, mangold-wurzel — que scays-je ? — with equal
insight into essentials and equal pregnancy and felicity
work, from which we shall allow ourselves one
of utterance; and that he will stop with you to make more quotation, a sketch of Stevenson's outer
mud pies in the first gutter, range in your company man.
whatever heights of thought and feeling you have found “ All this the reader should imagine as helped by
accessible, and end by guiding you to altitudes far nearer
the most speaking of presences: a steady, penetrating
the stars than you have ever dreamed of footing it; and fire in the wide-set eyes, a compelling power and sweet-
that at the last he makes you wonder which to admire
ness in the smile; courteous, waving gestures of the
the more — bis easy familiarity with the Eternal Veraci-
arms and long, nervous hands, a lit cigarette generally
ties or the brilliant flashes of imbecility with which his
held between the fingers; continual rapid shiftings and
excursions into the infinite are sometimes diversified.
pacings to and fro as he conversed: rapid, but not flur-
He radiates talk, as the sun does light and heat; and
ried nor awkward, for there was a grace in his attenu.
after an evening —or a week — with him, you come ated but well-carried figure, and his movements were
forth with a sense of satisfaction in your own capacity
light, deft, and full of spring. When I first knew him
which somehow proves superior even to the inevitable
he was passing through a period of neatness between
conclusion that your brilliance was but the reflection of
two of Bohemian carelessness as to dress; so that the
his own, and that all the while you were only playing effect of his charm was immediate. At other times of
the part of Rubinstein's piano to Sarasate's violin.” his youth there was something for strangers, and even
Let us add to this somewhat extravagant
for friends, to get over in the odd garments which it
was his whim to wear
flight of Mr. Henley's an observation of Mr.
the badge, as they always
seemed to me, partly of a genuine carelessness, cer-
Colvin's on a certain eccentric side of Steven.
tainly of a genuine lack of cash (the little he had was
son's character which peeps out occasionally, in always absolutely at tbe disposal of his friends), partly
a rather startling way, in the letters:
of a deliberate detachment from any particular social
“ There was yet another and very different side to
class or caste, partly of his love of pickles and adven-
Stevenson which struck others more than it struck my-
tures, which he thought befell a man thus attired more
self, namely, that of the perfectly freakish, not perfectly
readily than another. But this slender, slovenly, non-
human, irresponsible madcap or jester which sometimes
descript apparition, long-visaged and long-baired, had
appeared in him. It is true that his demoniac quick only to speak in order to be recognized in the first
minute for a witty and charming gentleman, and within
* In an unpublished sketch cited by Mr. Colvin.
the first five for a master spirit and man of genius."


418
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
E. G. J.
One interesting, and we think decidedly re therefore, that the interest lags somewhat after
grettable, fact that appears in Mr. Colvin's the boy has become man enough to join the
Introduction must be noted in closing. Lack Confederate Reserves, that aggregation of old
of the needful leisure has compelled him to men and striplings which General Grant per-
abandon the idea of preparing the separate vol. haps had in mind when he said that the Con-
ume of biography which was to complete his federacy was “ robbing the cradle and the
literary memorial to his friend. The book is
The book is grave” to fill up its armies.
now, we learn, at the wish of Stevenson's fam. The ancestral home of the Wise family was
ily, to be undertaken by his cousin, Mr. Gra in John Smith's “ Kingdom of Accawmacke,'
ham Balfour. The volumes are manufactured in the eastern peninsula of Virginia, a place
in a style befitting their delightful content. long without railroad or telegraph or any such
device of modern industrial life, and, despite
the introduction of these conveniences of
present-day civilization, a place where old cus-
FROM ACCAWMACKE TO APPOMATTOX.*
toms remain unchanged, and where to-day
representatives remain of the very families that
The literature of Virginia has been much
inhabited the region when Charles the First
enriched during recent years. The delightful
was king, and gave the name of “Old Domin-
story by Mr. John Fiske of “Old Virginia and ion” to the colony which did not like Crom-
her Neighbors,” and the more technical but well but offered a crown and a kingdom to the
equally valuable study by Mr. Philip Alexander unfortunate Stuarts. Even Mr. Thomas Nelson
Bruce of the “ Economic History of Virginia in Page, in his sketches of life in “ The Old
the Seventeenth Century,” together with the South,” has not surpassed Mr. Wise in his
charming romances from the pen of Mrs. Maud
account of days and deeds in this quaint county
Wilder Goodwin, have prepared all interested of Virginia.
in American history to welcome the two vol-
But fortune did not keep the family of Henry
umes which have been given to the press under
A. Wise always in Accomack. After an ex-
the editorial supervision of Mr. John S. Wise.citing canvass of the state in the Know-Nothing
The one is an autobiographical sketch, rich in campaign, the father was elected governor, and
illustration of the life and times“ before the removed to Richmond. Here new scenes aroused
war"; the other, a more dignified and stately the inquisitive interest of the son ; and when,
account of the career of a former governor of later, he was put out of danger of war's mis-
Virginia, whose lot it was to send the soul of haps by sequestration in the mountains of the
old John Brown “marching on."
western part of the state, and, still later, was
- The End of an Era” is a book full of life,
sent to the Virginia Military Institute for his
the well-written story of the development of a education, it was his peculiar experience while
wide-awake boy, who asks questions, who won yet in the formative days of youth to gain a
ders about many things, and who has the un-
knowledge of the great variations in the climate,
common fortune to come close to great leaders soil, and products of Virginia, and to come into
of thought and action in a most critical period close contact with representatives of the differ-
in the history of his country. Seeing things as ing elements of population, ranging in wide
a boy or as a growing youth, the skill in nar-
extremes from the gay cavaliers of the Eastern
ration is such that, even as a man past fifty Shore to the sturdy Scotch-Irishmen of Pres-
years of age, Mr. Wise preserves in a remark-
byterian Lexington. No contrast could be more
able
way the boyish element which is absolutely striking than the description of the reception
essential to the correct recounting of the details tendered by his neighbors in Accomack to
of his life, from his childhood in Accomack, Henry A. Wise on his return from service as
until, still several years from his majority, the minister to Brazil, where mirth and jollity and
era ended, the former things passed away, and good fellowship abounded, and, at the other
everything was made new after Appomattox.extreme, the account of life in Lexington where
It is this particular feature that gives charm to the Presbyterian church looked cold as a dog's
the book; and it is not to be wondered at,
nose, and where “an evening spent among them
* THE END OF AN ERA. By John S. Wise.
is like sitting upon icebergs cracking hailstones
Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
with one's teeth."
THE LIFE OF HENRY A. WIDE OF VIRGINIA, By his grand-
son, the late Barton H. Wise. Introduction by John S. Wise.
The sidelights thrown upon the social and
Now York: The Macmillan Co.
political life of the time give value to the vol-
Boston:


1899.)
419
THE DIAL
3
are
ume. The method of election is thus described : was in the forefront, save one. He had already fallen;
“In due course came election day. Father being
his portrait bung in the spacious drawing-room beside
absent, the young cousin above referred to represented
the others. His name was spoken and spoken again
bir at the polling place, and took me with him. In
with gentle tears, and with that reverence which the
those days voting was done openly, or viva voce as it
devout render to the Christian martyr. . . Who can
was called, and not by ballot. The election judges, who
picture the desolating sorrow which engulfed them, as
were magistrates, sat upon a bench with their clerks one by one the strong arms on which that household
before them. Where practicable, it was customary for
depended fell helpless, and the news came home that
the candidate to be present in person and to occupy a
the brave hearts for whose safety they prayed had ceased
seat at the side of the judges. As a voter appeared his
to beat! for it was so. The war filled grave after
grave
name was called out in a loud voice.
The judges
in the graveyard of the Tayloe family, until, when it
inquired, John Jones (or Bill Smith) for whom do you
ended, the male line was almost extinct."
vote'- for governor, or whatever was the office to be Such pictures as these show how the Confed-
filled. He replied by proclaiming the name of his eracy exhausted every resource before, driven
favorite. Then the clerks enrolled the vote, and the
from Richmond, its army was forced to sur-
judges announced it as enrolled. The representative of
the candidate for whom he voted arose, bowed, and
render at Appomattox. The three quotations
thanked him aloud; and his partisans often applauded.” on varied themes give some idea of the style of
The pen pictures of prominent men
the author of a very readable and very sugges-
tive volume.
always striking, and sometimes are exception.
ally good. An example is the description of
The more sober and dignified style employed
General Winfield Scott:
by the grandson of Henry A. Wise in writing
his biographical study makes his volume a de-
" And Old Fuss and Feathers! Bless his colossal old
soul! was ever a name more appropriately bestowed ?
sirable companion for the one just described.
What a monster in size he was! Never was uniform Naturally enough, the two narratives cross
more magnificent; never were feathers in cocked hat paths in many places, and when they are ex-
more profuse; never was sash so broad and gorgeous. amined in conjunction there is basis for the
He was old and gouty, keen for food, quick for drink,
and thunderous of voice, large as a strawstack and red
suspicion that the preparation for publication
as a boiled lobster. His talk was like the roaring of a
of the “Life” of his father after the death of
its author may have suggested to Mr. John S.
gobbler ever strutted or gobbled with more self-
importance than did the hero of Lundy's Lane.”
things in the latter book admirably supple-
Everywhere in the book there are suggestive menting the chapters of the former.
paragraphs. The youth sees a production of Governor Wise had many experiences dur-
“Uncle Tom's Cabin ” on a Philadelphia stage. | ing his seventy years of life. As Member of
There are elements in the slave business, as Congress, Minister to Brazil, member of sev-
set forth in the play, which are unknown to eral important conventions, state and national,
him. He has bitter thoughts; he denies the Governor of Virginia, and officer in the Con-
justness of the representation. Then a desire federate army, he played a prominent part in
comes over him to see a slave auction. One the politics of his time. Each of these features
visit is enough, and he goes away in disgust of his public career is carefully considered,
and with longings for the removal of the evils important speeches and letters being intro-
of the system. The John Brown raid makes duced in appropriate connection by way of
a special impression upon him, because of illustration. Mr. Wise's own point of view
his father's official connection with the case. has been indicated in his “Seven Decades of
The attitude of the North is not liked by Vir- the Union,” and in many respects the grand-
ginia, and the fact appears, from the Southern son adheres closely to the lines there laid down.
point of view, that there is an “irrepressible There are special chapters devoted to the
conflict” coming. When the war breaks out, Graves-Cilley duel, in connection with which
the effect of the exposure of camp and battle is Mr. Wise was severely blamed, to the Know-
strikingly indicated, as a crack regiment once Nothing campaign of 1855, which resulted in
gay with splendid equipments reappears after his election to the governorship of the state,
a period of service. The subdued home-life is and to the John Brown raid and its conse-
described, where men are absent, where the quences
which brought upon
bis head a torrent
death of some member of the family brings of abuse. Opposing secession and strongly
profound grief and makes the women suffer advocating the policy of making a fight within
untold agonies, as with fearful hearts they the Union, he joined his fellow-citizens when
keep waiting for the war to cease.
Virginia seceded and cast his lot with the
“Every arms-bearing Tayloe, son, brother, husband, South. A third of the volume is given to


420
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
Civil War history as it affected his career, and hazarded.” It were very much to be hoped that
in this part the book shares the criticism passed all future biographers and critics would take
upon the other one already described. The the same conservative view. Unfortunately,
interest clearly lags when the individuality of however, it is too much to hope. This is the
the man is lost in the cause for which he very sort of subject that excites the unwise to
fought.
an incontinence of comment. The command.
The biography is the work of one who loved ment“ Judge not” is the one least of all heeded
his grandfather as a hero. Despite such a by the “unco guid,” who doubtless imagine that
friendly relationship of author and subject, the penalty of this particular law could have
there is not that constant praise which might little peril for themselves. The usual assump-
be expected. Faults are recognized, distinct tion that there is some profound mystery behind
failures are recorded, and on the whole the the facts that have been disclosed is quite gratu-
reader gets the impression that the volume is itous. One would think that mismated couples
a fair presentation of the character of one who were unheard of, and the effects of “incom-
helped to make the history of Virginia before patibility of temper” quite unknown. Accus-
the war, and, considering Virginia's importance tomed to placid manners and regulated feelings,
then, contributed not a little to the history of Lady Byron was terrified by her lord's out-
his party and his country.
bursts and deemed herself unsafe in his com-
FRANCIS WAYLAND SHEPARDSON.
pany. Unable to understand the first principles
of Byron's character, she was naturally unequal
to the rôle of governess. With all her admirable
qualities, she was of a type most irritating
THE NEW BYRON.*
to a man whose conduct was, unfortunately,
The third volume of Byron's Letters and regulated by generous impulses rather than by
Journalst covers the period between January, principle, - which is so often but a fine name
1814, and November, 1816,- the period of for calculation. That she was an innocent cause
“ The Corsair” and “ Lara” and the Third
of irritation to him, none knew better than
Canto of “ Childe Harold,” as well as of the herself. Five days after she left Byron's house,
ill-starred marriage and separation. The im she wrote to his sister Augusta, with whom she
portance of the volume may only be partly
was still on terms of the most affectionate con-
inferred from the fact that more than half of
fidence:
the letters and other material it contains is here
« Disease or not - all my recollections and reflections
collected for the first time. In addition to 233
tend to convince me that the irritability is inseparably
connected with me in a greater degree than with any
letters, there is an appendix containing 73 let-
other object, that my presence has been uniformly op-
ters and other statements concerning the sepa pressive to him from the hour we married -- if not
ration, most of them either by Lady Byron or before, and in his best moods he has always wished to
by Mrs. Leigh. There are, moreover, seven
be away from me."
other appendices, containing, among other in One cannot but feel that this pathetic confes-
teresting material, a number of letters from sion tells us more than the most searching
Byron to Miss Millbanke and some extraordi- analysis of all the circumstances could possibly
nary letters from Jane Clairmont to Byron. bring to light. Certainly a woman, whatever
With respect to the cause of the separation, be her virtues and graces, whom a man in his
Mr. Prothero wisely takes a very cautious atti best moods instinctively shuns, is scarcely the
tude. “No evidence," he remarks, “exists to person marked out by nature to be his wife.
prove the precise nature of the charges on which If one looks for causes, one can find some hints
Lady Byron separated from her husband. They in the dispirited and unimpassioned tone of
were, as Byron alleged, unknown to bimself and Byron's letters to her before marriage, in her
his friends. In these circumstances, nothing own letters, and in the strongly-marked rather
can be gained by adding another guess to the than winning features of her portrait prefixed
conjectures which have been, at various times, to the volume before us. Here is an example
* The WORKS OF LORD BYRON. Letters and Journals,
of her epistolary style, from a letter to her
Volume III. Edited by Rowland E. Prothero, M.A. Poetry, husband written less than a month after she
Volume II. (Childe Harold's Pilgrimage). Edited by Ernest
left him :
Hartley Coleridge, M.A. London: John Murray, Albemarle
Street. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
“I cannot attribute your state of mind' to any cause
| For a review of Volumes I., II. (Letters and Journals), and 80 much as the total dereliction of principle, which, since
Volume I. (Poetry), see THE DIAL, 16th May, 1899,
our marriage, you have professed and gloried in. Your


1899.]
421
THE DIAL
of the poem,
the
acknowledgements have not been accompanied by any he owed a fresh conception, perhaps a fresh apprecia-
intentions of amendment."
tion, of nature; to his life-long friend, a fresh enthusi-
Need it be wondered that to such “ representa-
asm for art, and a host of details, dry bones which
he awakened into the fulness of life.""
tions” (to quote again the lady's words) Byron
“had replied by a determination to be wicked”?
Finally, Mr. Coleridge gives the reader a
One cannot help speculating how matters would timely reminder of the marked originality of
have stood had Lady Byron been a little less design characterizing this splendid poem.
uncompromising in her requirements, and had
«« Childe Harold's Pilgrimage' had no progenitors,
she formed her epistolary style upon some less imitations, it has had no descendants. The materials
and, with the exception of some feeble and forgotten
august model.
.. the sentiments and reflections coeval
The second volume of Byron's Poetry con with reflection and sentiment, wear a familiar bue; but
tains the whole of “Childe Harold."
the poem itself, a pilgrimage to scenes and cities of
pleasure to be able to say at once and compre-
renown, a song of travel, a rhythmical diorama, was
Byron's own handiwork not an inheritance, but a
hensively that Mr. Coleridge has given us not creation."
only the best edition of this classic hitherto
Five volumes of the twelve are now before
produced, but an edition which leaves little in
us. It is already plain that the wealth of new
any sense to be desired. The text is based upon
material in the shape of additional or ungarbled
that of the Library Edition of 1855, which has letters, and other Byroniana, will compel critics
been collated with all the existing MSS. All
and biographers to take a new survey of Byron.
the notes of Byron and of Hobhouse bave been
It seems to me probable that in the future more
retained, and verified or supplemented by the
charitable judgments will prevail touching his
editor, whose method and sympathetic attitude
character and aims. Certainly anything that
may be inferred from the following words of
throws new light upon a character so strong,
his Preface :
so complex, and so puzzling, should be wel-
« It is in the belief that Childe Harold' should be
comed as valuable materials for the future sci.
read continuously, and that it gains by the closest study,
reassuming its original freshness and splendour, that
ence of human nature. For the two scholarly
the text as well as Byron's own notes have been some editors, it is not too much to say that, in build-
what minutely annotated.”
ing this noble monument to Byron, they are
The variant readings of the MSS. are recorded identifying themselves “with the immortality
underneath the text, and the notes of the editor
of his fame."
MELVILLE B. ANDERSON.
are printed at the foot of the page. The vari-
ants give convincing proof of Byron's artistic
taste, inasmuch as the finally preferred reading
is, so far as I have observed, invariably the
THE VALUE OF THE HISTORY OF ART.*
best. Mr. Coleridge's notes not only give well
authenticated information with respect to mat-
There have been those who inquired, in a
ters of fact; they also provide, unobtrusively depreciatory way, as to the value of the study
and tastefully, interpretations of obscure pas-
of the history of art. It has been felt that the
sages, and they call the attention of the reader study of historical art tends to take one away
to the thread of connection, or, as the case may
from the really vital examples of art in our own
be, to the underlying philosophy which one is
time; makes one, often enough, elevate to an
apt to overlook (sometimes, indeed, without
undeserved position some artist whose absolute
great loss) in one's delight in the glowing im- value is slight, because of his relative import-
ages and the vivid panorama. To each of the
ance; leads one too often to. concentrate the
cantos is prefixed an introduction containing attention upon absolutely unimportant ques-
the history of the composition and publication tions of historical accuracy. We have all heard
of the work. Mr. Coleridge points out that it meaningless and absurd censures, as well as
consists really of three distinct poems bound
those just mentioned; but these points are cer-
together by the general scheme of the Pilgrim- tainly fairly taken : they show real dangers in
age. And he does not conceal Byron's indebted the historical study of art, they point out what
ness in the second part of the poem (Canto NICHOLAS POUSSIN: His Life and Work. By Elizabeth
III.) to Shelley, and in the third part Canto Denio, Ph.D. New York: Imported by Charles Scribner's
Song.
IV.) to Hobhouse.
THE GREAT MASTERS IN PAINTING AND SCULPTURE.
“ As the delicate spirit of Shelley suffused the tbird Edited by G. C. Williamson. LUINI, by G. C. Williamson.
canto of Childe Harold,' so the fourth reveals the pres VELASQUEZ, by R. A. M. Stevenson. New York: The Mac-
ence and coöperation of Hobhouse. To his brother-poet millan Co.


422
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
name,
is actually likely to take place with anyone who between him and that Gaspar who took his
gets well fixed in the head the idea of historical
It shows how times have changed in
value.
half a century.
Aside from these points — which are merely There was a time when the dicta of Mr.
dangers, not insuperable inconsistencies --- it is
it is Ruskin on any painting or painter carried great
felt by many that the historical study of art weight. The poem of the man who mourned
brings to predominance, even if for the time because cruel Ruskin would stick his tusk in and
only, a certain disposition which is not only not nobody would buy, seems adequate illustration
artistic but unfavorable to the artistic disposi- if not absolute proof. Even the fact that his
tion. The passion nowadays — for it is almost comment on Mr. Whistler's picture was thought
such --for knowing about the development of by twelve good men and true to have injured
things, is something antagonistic, it is often that artist's reputation to the extent of one
thought, to the real enjoyment of those things. farthing only, should not make us feel that Mr.
In matters of art, it substitutes for an artistic Ruskin was not at one time a great authority
appreciation an intellectual understanding, on painting. It will be remembered that he
which is a very different matter.
won his eminence by a work which was meant
We may pass these matters in review in our to place Turner in his rightful position : it may
mind, and yet, whatever the value of historical not be so often recalled that one of the purposes
study to those who merely love art without any of “ Modern Painters” was to show the superi-
idea of becoming artists, we cannot well deny ority of modern artists, and especially Turner,
that the actual artist of our time, the painter in landscape painting to the old masters. And
of the present century, has profited to a con the old (or “older") masters in question, who
siderable degree by the history of art. For one were they? It gives one who has forgotten a
thing, there has been more history than there little start of surprise to recall that Mr. Ruskin
used to be; for another, it has been more easy was defending Turner against Claude Lorraine,
to get at it. But whatever the reason, the fact Gaspar Poussin, Salvator Rosa, and many
would probably not be disputed that the influ- others, some better known, but none of very
ence of the past has been greater, for good and vital interest to-day. It is among those masters
evil too, on the painters of this century than has that Nicholas Poussin would naturally take his
ever before been the case.
place. He was one of the earliest and most
The matter is curiously indicated by three famous of that school that finally produced Sir
books which come to hand at the same moment, George Beaumont's brown tree.
almost accidentally: one, a life of Nicholas It is significant that Dr. Elizabeth Denio's
Poussin, one on Luini, and one on Velasquez. monograph on Poussin is absolutely historical.
These three names are significant in the history It tells with a good deal of learning and detail
of painting of our century. They are not sig. what Poussin painted and what he did from
nificant of everything, it must be confessed; birth to death. But it does not have a single
they do not sum up the artistic movements of word in it which shows why the present gene-
our time. But they are probably quite as sig- ration should have for Poussin more than a
nificant in the question in hand as any other historical curiosity. If one does wish to know
three names in the history of painting. You about the man, it is well that one should have
might substitute some other name for that of a careful record of his work; and as such this
Poussin,- in some ways, Claude Lorraine book has value. But it would have been well
would be better: you might say Botticelli in to give some idea as to why one nowadays
stead of Luini. But although one or another should wish to know anything about Nicholas
substitution might be made, it would be hard Poussin. Not to do so is hardly quite just to
to find any other three names as significant as its subject. It is true that Nicholas Poussin
these,- so that the books are naturally of is not an influence to-day, as is his contemporary
interest.
Velasquez. Still, he deserves to be separated
The fame of Nicholas Poussin is not what it from the crowd of half-forgotten landscapists,
used to be. In 1841 "every school-boy,” we even as a landscapist, and quite aside from the
are told, knew that he was called “learned” other directions of his genius. Mr. Ruskin who
because of his profound classical knowledge; at was very severe on many of his “older masters,”
present you could find many older persons especially excepted Nicholas Poussin, found in
ignorant of the fact : there may even be lovers him things worthy of recollection and preserva-
of art with very hazy ideas on the difference Ition, and even held him to be at times a lover


1899.]
423
THE DIAL
This may
A great
of truth. It would have been well, in a book an imitator of Lionardo. Mr. Ruskin found in
like this, to have this distinction brought out; him wonderful things. It is said by Mr. Col.
as it is not, the book can hardly be considered lingwood that Mr. Ruskin never said as much
adequate from the point of view of the student about Luini as he meant to say.
of art. It has good points as a biography be: he did go so far as to say that Luini was
(though charm of style is not one of them); ten times as great as Lionardo, and that every
and, though not profusely illustrated, has sev touch that he laid was eternal. Still, Luini,
eral pictures which are well chosen for the ex although always immensely interesting, has
hibition of Poussin's different characteristics. hardly been himself an influence.
The older masters - the “ Van somethings Mr. Williamson's book on Luini is the first
and Back somethings,” to use Mr. Ruskin's of a series projected under his editorship, a
phrase passed away, so far as immediate in. series which will offer valuable books to the
fluence was concerned. Who took their place? student at a moderate price. The main fea-
Not immediately, nor universally indeed — but, tures of the plan seem to be very liberal illus-
more than
any other group, the Preraphaelites: tration (there are about forty reproductions in
that is to say, the historical ones, the Primitives, this volume and as many in the companion
to use perhaps a better name.
Velasquez ") and a very careful list and de-
We all know how long the Preraphaelites, scription of all the pictures known. Besides,
for the English and ourselves at least, were on there is a bibliography, and, of course, the
the top of the wave as the masters par
excel life. In the case of Luini, the life is not so
lence. They are commonly included in the purely bistorical as in the book on Poussin : it
mind of one who looks back upon the period of is, however, not very artistic either; it is in
their ascendency, under the name of Botticelli. fact critical, and that in the school of Morelli
It is no longer a name to conjure with. But on the whole. Mr. Williamson has a very
what a name it was once! The whole merit of considerable field ; there has been very little
the painters who preceded and accompanied work done already on the subject.
Raphael was sublimated in that splendid name. deal of his work is, then, extremely valuable
It was a name of such power that under its spell as supplying what cannot be found anywhere
many worthy people went through great tor else.
ment to admire what they did not like. Yet It is hardly necessary to introduce a book
Botticelli was not the first, the original Pre on Velasquez by remarking that as the keen-
raphaelite. It was not till 1871 that Mr. Rus ness of interest in the Primitives gradually
kin startled cultivated England by pronounc- waned, it became apparent that Velasquez was
ing that mystic name in a tone which implied the man of the future. He has probably by
that everyone ought to know all about it. When this time arrived at his apogee. The man
Mr. Pater wrote of him so delightfully, he still whose pictures remind one not only of Whistler
had the charm of novelty. The Preraphaelite and Sargent, but of Carolus Duran and Hen-
Brotherhood had existed long before, long be ner, not to mention a dozen more as important,
fore Mr. Ruskin had perceived that they were has done all that one can expect. Mr. Steven-
but carrying out his own principles. But al son's book is not unnaturally written in a dif-
though called “Preraphaelite" they were really ferent manner from the two others. A book
not actually so any more than he was: they on Poussin is almost inevitably historic or
cared far more for their own principles than academic in character; one on Luini will very
for
any set of painters before or after Raphael; naturally be critical even more than apprecia-
indeed, that was the principle of most importive; a book on Velasquez must almost of
tance with them. They really turned attention course be enthusiastic and polemical. Neces-
to the Primitives, and were not actually in sary or not, that is what Mr. Stevenson is;
spired by them. Still, that was the important nor does the fact impair the value of his book,
thing. When Mr. Ruskin began to interest which is much the most interesting of the three
himself in the earlier painters, his first great in our present group, while its illustration is
discovery was Luini.
as adequate as that of the Luini volume, and
Thus Luini is typical of a great influence its list of pictures as complete,—although Mr.
in art.
Yet he can hardly be said to have Williamson, the general editor who made it,
been an influence himself. For one thing,
For one thing, disclaims the intention of being very critical
Luini is not exactly a Preraphaelite; for an in his attributions. It is not his especial field,
other, he has often been regarded, if at all, as nor, indeed, anybody else's,—perhaps because


424
[.Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
I.
career.
of the reasons urged by Mr. Stevenson. Mr.
HOLIDAY PUBLICATIONS.
Stevenson is naturally no great admirer of the
school of Morelli, and dislikes “the counting
The prodigal genius of the Prince of Painters is
of curls, the measuring of thumbs, the tracing fitly symbolized in the luxurious make-up and lavish
of poses.” He has supplied a very interesting pictorial equipment of the two noble imperial octavo
book, however, written from the standpoint of volumes containing Miss Elizabeth Lee's English
the artist and dealing with the really artistic version of M. Emile Michel's “Rubens, His Life,
questions. It is not a matter of biography His Work, and His Time” (Scribner's Importa-
with him, nor of history : it is a question of tion). This work, the companion of M. Michel's
painting
monumental work on Rembrandt issued some five
If one has been interested in the painting years ago, must be pronounced easily and at all
of this century, and is still unaware of the points the leader in our list of Holiday publications.
As the biographer of Rubens, the author has bad
masters whose work is dealt with in these
a far richer and ampler field of exploitation than as
books, one will be surprised, on turning to
the biographer of Rembrandt, whose obscure, com-
them, to see how strong has been the influence
mon, and even dingy life as a man left behind it
of the past on our time. It has not been the but scanty and uninviting materials for its literary
only influence, by any means, nor is it fully reconstruction. Rubens, on the contrary, the pic-
represented in the books here noticed ; but it turesque and many-sided genius ; the man of travel,
is worth knowing about.
of science, of literary tastes and culture, of courtly
What are we to make of such books ? What
adventure and gallant, chivalrous mien; the am-
is their value to one who is not a student, but
bassador at the courts of Spain and England; the
whose aim is to enjoy the art which actually the amplest store of picturesque memorials of his
friend of sovereigns and statesmen, left behind him
comes before his eyes ? To those who can
He touched and adorned life at many
readily visit France, Italy, Spain, it will be points; and his interest for us as man of action
perhaps a matter of importance to know some and of the brilliant world of courts and cabinets is
thing about Poussin, Luini, Velasquez. But scarcely secondary to his interest for us as the pro-
how about the rest, who rarely see much of fuse painter whose protean genius covered Europe
anything beyond current reproductions and with his auroral canvases. The very abundance of
current exhibitions? It is surely a scholastic biographical material, the fertility of production and
matter to know that this man was influenced
universality of gift, prove, in a way, initial diff.
by such an one, however famous; that this
culties with which the critic and biographer of
element in his art came from this man, and
Rubens, who essays to fuse in a single, comprehen-
sive, logically-ordered “Life” the various phases
that element from that man. Does it not with-
and epochs of that multifarious career, must con-
draw.our attention from the general impression tend. There is hardly a term, however brief or
of a man's power, and cultivate merely a super- vaguely defined, of Ruben’s life, a phase, however
ficial knowingness which is often content to passing, of his tireless activity, that has not been
dash away the possibility of deep enjoyment made the subject of a monograph. Recent scholars
for the chance of a clever shrug of the and critics, especially Belgian, have vied in the
shoulders ?
pursuit of fresh discoveries touching the man and
It may certainly do so : in fact, it does so
his works. Of these scattered and multitudinous
with many people. But there are still reasons
writings, and of the voluminous correspondence of
why it is well to know a good deal about the
the painter, M. Michel has freely availed himself,
quoting where necessary, digesting into his own
history of art. It is well to know that an art-
terms of thought and language for the most part.
ist is often ingenious and imitative rather than
All the galleries of Europe in which the master's
self-possessed and great. It is well also to
works are to be found have been revisited, his foot-
know that fasbions in art have often changed, steps — in Italy, Spain, Flanders, and especially in
and that one must have a steady head in think his loved city of Antwerp — have been retraced. “I
ing of the art of one's own time. But aside have," says M. Michel, “ lived almost exclusively
from these two pieces of abstract knowledge, with Rubens for several years "; but, let us add, it
which may or may not be useful to one, it is
is Ruben's art which is mainly and essentially his
further well to get into the habit of seeing Rembrandt has it been possible for M. Michel to
theme. Still less, necessarily, than in his book on
what is good anywhere and making it one's big
own. And this sort of cultivation of the taste descriptive mention of the 1,200 paintings and 400
give a complete catalogue of works. The briefest
is rather better attained by the art of some drawings of this most prolific of painters would
time ago than by the art of to-day.
have alone filled the volumes. The author has
EDWARD E. HALE, JR. therefore restricted himself to the mention at the


1899.]
425
THE DIAL
as the
end of the book of the collections, public and private, ern way by acquiring an ornamental English son-
containing the most numerous or most important in-law (well-born but impecunious), to the gratifi-
examples. The illustration of these volumes is on cation of Mrs. Pipp and the confusion of her social
the most liberal scale, and we need scarcely say rivals at home. Mr. Pipp's “education” seems to
that the appeal is to the cultivated rather than the be tolerably complete in the closing picture, wherein
popular taste. Where color is used it is used spar we see him dandling a pair of kids” (one Anglo-
ingly — in fact there is just a hint or suggestion of American, the other unhyphenated) one on each
it. There are no garish, and therefore necessarily knee, with grandpaternal joy. The book seems to
false, colored plates inserted as a bait for the buyer us about the best thing Mr. Gibson has done so far,
of the mere “picture-book.” M. Michel's book and it deserves a cordial welcome at the hands of
may fairly be termed an art-work, in the real and
his public.
specific sense of that much abused term, which re A rather attractive publication of a semi-religious
cent usage has made far too elastic. The six-penny cast is the Rev. Alexander Mackennal's “Homes
magazine reprint, with its half-tone abominations, and Haunts of the Pilgrim Fathers" (Lippincott).
is nowadays styled an “art-work," and that too in As the title implies, the interest of the book is
quarters where a more discriminating choice of terms mainly pictorial, though Dr. Mackennal's running
might be looked for. There are, in all, in the two commentary on the themes supplied by the pictures
volumes, forty colored plates, forty photogravures, is in itself instructive and readable. The illustra-
and 272 text illustrations. It has been aimed to tions embrace a colored frontispiece (a view of
include, besides the inevitable and indispensable Scrooby, Nottinghamshire) and ninety-three illus-
masterpieces, examples which, through variety of trations in black-and-white from drawings and pho-
subject, may serve to give an idea of that universality tographs by Charles Whymper. Text and plates
which is perhaps the most striking characteristic of deal exclusively with the seats of Puritanism before
Rubens. History, landscape, portraiture, animal the exodus to America, the aim of the book being
painting, genre, still-life — the brush of Rubens to pictorially set before the reader buildings, places,
touched no branch of his art without adorning it. objects, and portraits in England and Holland in-
Photography has been relied on for the reproduc- dubitably associated with the Pilgrim Fathers.
tions,
process best calculated to secure Thus, the artist has reproduced, wherever possible,
accuracy”; and the mechanical work touches high structures and objects of interest which it is prac-
water mark in its kind. The translation is fluent tically certain that the Fathers must have them-
and
easy, and appears to be accurate. This fine selves seen, and views of the towns and villages
work of M. Michel's deserves fuller and more where they are known to have resided, and the
critical treatment than can be accorded it bere, for buildings where they undoubtedly worshipped. The
it is really one of scholarship, in its class, and the local views selected are mainly such as have been
fruit of a long period of painstaking research. But but little affected by the lapse of time, and are to-
we must content ourselves now with confidently pro day much what they were in the seventeenth cen-
nouncing it a book for every student of Rubens to tury. Drawings are given from Scrooby, Auster-
“read, mark, learn, and inwardly digest,”—and, if field, Boston, Gainsborough, York, Plymouth, Stan-
possible, to possess.
dish Hall, Southampton, and Cambridge, in Eng-
Mr. C. D. Gibson's “Education of Mr. Pipp” land; and places and buildings associated with the
(Russell) is an amusing pictorial satire, and a very sojourn in Holland have not been slighted by the
clever thing in its way, artistically. It comprises illustrator.
illustrator. The binding is of light blue and gold,
a series of pictures (not too conventionally Gibson text and pictures are handsomely printed on calen-
ian) in which is unfolded the tale of the initiation dered paper, and altogether the work forms a very
of Mr. Pipp, a rich but untravelled American pater suitable gift for a friend who rejoices in the fact
familias, into the doubtful joys of European travel that he (or she) is “of Puritan stock.” Everyone
and the ways of European society. The chief ini. has a friend of this sort nowadays.
tiators are Mrs. Pipp and her two lovely daughters The luxurious appointments and taking theme of
(Gibson girls “down to the ground "); and these the Messrs. Putnams' fine royal octavo volume en-
conspirers against Mr. Pipp's peace and purse are
titled “Famous Homes of Great Britain and their
later ably abetted by Lady Fitzmaurice and son (En Stories " make it one of the most imposing of the
glish tourists ), a rascally courier, a dingy “Dago" season’s gift-books; and the list of contributors to
Duke and ditto Prince, and the usual host of mil the work adds something to this impression. In-
liners, jewellers, etc. Mr. Pipp“ does " London, stead of the stereotyped tale of the usual menial
Paris, the Riviera, Rome, etc., in the usual way; is cicerone, whose manner and degree of civility are
"done” by the courier, whom, however, he “polishes nicely conformed to his (or usually her) computa-
off" handsomely, á la Mr. Robert Fitzsimmons, to tion of the probable size of the visitor's “tip,” we
the joy and pride of his assembled womankind and are in this volume, as it were, "shown through” the
Lady Fitzmaurice; picks a few winners at the Der- several mansions described, by the titled master or
by; has a “night off” at Paris, and a consultation mistress thereof, in person. For instance, our guide
of physicians next day; breaks the bank at Monte through the stately halls of Blenheim is the Duke
Carlo; and winds up his European tour in the mod- of Marlborough himself, who recounts briefly its


426
(Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
history, and calls our attention to the more impor Mr. W. T. Smedley's familiar qualities as an
tant of his ancestral treasures, trophies, portraits, illustrator find wide exemplification in the hand-
etc.; the honors of Battle Abbey are done by the some quarto volume containing fifty of his draw.
Duchess of Cleveland; of Holland House, by the ings selected from various sources, and entitled
Hon. Caroline Roche; of Cawdor Castle, by Vis " Life and Character (Harper). The pictures
count Emlyn; of Penshurst, by Lady De L'Isle and have a page apiece of explanatory text by Mr. A.
Dudley; of Warwick Castle, by the Countess of V. S. Anthony, and Mr. Arthur Hoeber furnishes a
Warwick; of Lyme, by the Dowager Lady Newton; few pages of introductory matter, biographical and
and so forth. All this is very flattering to the pride eulogistic. Mr. Hoeber's praise is well bestowed.
of the aspiring reader; and it must be admitted Mr. Smedley knows his types, is always refined and
that the descriptions are in each case well done, and self-contained, and has the due degree of technical
with a dignity, modesty, and absence of "gush" or skill. A book that deals with every-day types of
twaddle, that makes them contrast very agreeably actual life, and makes no great tax on the artist's
with the usual performances of the mercenary guide | fancy, can have no better illustrator than in Mr.
and the shrine-hunting writer of travels. The book Smedley — the sound, conscientious and lasting Mr.
is beautifully illustrated with exterior and interior Smedley. Text and plates are handsomely printed
views of the stately homes described, with cuts of on calendered paper, and altogether the volume, with
choice architectural details, family portraits, historic its soberly elegant binding of green-and-gold, is one
apartments, etc. The editor of the volume, Mr. A. of the best of the essentially pictorial ones.
H. Malan, contributes three or four of the chapters. “ Bohemian Paris of To-Day” (Lippincott),
The pictorial allurements and general beauty of written by Mr. W. C. Morrow from notes by M.
manufacture of Messrs. Little, Brown, & Co.'s two Edouard Cucuel, and illustrated by the latter gen-
volume illustrated Holiday edition of Francis Park- tleman, is a remarkably “lively” book, pictorially
man’s “Montcalm and Wolfe" will inevitably tempt and otherwise, and should prove a joy to readers
to a re-perusal of the fascinating pages of this roman. with a stomach for the life it depicts. In it the
tic picture of a most romantic phase of American untravelled and unsophisticated person may see
history. We could hardly suggest a better or more through the eyes of men who have seen it all pre-
stimulating gift for an imaginative American boy cisely how the volatile occupants of the monkeys'
or youth with a spice of adventurous longing in his cage of Paris, namely, its Quartier Latin, comport
blood than those volumes, which tell so fascinatingly themselves. The spectacle will amuse him or dis-
the tale of the fall of French power in Canada, and gust him according to his years or temperament.
embody perhaps the most important of Mr. Park “The purpose of text and pictures," says the author,
man's bistories. The illustrations comprise forty- “is to show Bohemian life in the city of Paris with-
one photogravure plates, mostly portraits from the out any concealment,” “with the frankness of a
original paintings or from rare mezzotints, and student," and (he assures us) " the students are the
reproductions of contemporary prints. There are pets of Paris." Clearly, then, Paris suffers fools
two good portraits of the author, one of them from gladly, for Mr. Morrow's students appear to be
a daguerreotype taken at the period of early man. mostly fools, with an agreeable dash of the black-
hood. The bindings of sea-blue and gold are taste- guard and the cheap rake superadded. Not a few
ful, and complete an ensemble as sound as it is of the scenes described in this “frank” book will
attractive.
inspire the masculine reader with a strong desire to
Purchasers of Holiday books this year will be kick the actors therein, even at the risk of defiling
strongly attracted by The Century Co.'s elegantly bis boots. Take, for example, the account of the
sumptuous edition of Dr. Weir Mitchell's fine breaking in of a new girl model at the art school —
American historical novel, “ Hugh Wynne, Free “a joy,” Mr. Morrow artlessly assures us, “ that the
Quaker.” The good qualities of Dr. Mitchell's students never permit themselves to miss."
« The
book have already been enlarged upon in our col new one is accompanied by two or more of her girl
umns, and we need only comment here upon its friends, who give her encouragement at the terri-
present setting. The bindings of the two shapely vol. ble moment when she disrobes. As there are no
umes are of buff and gold. The copious illustrations dressing-rooms, there can be no privacy. The stu-
comprise views of historic sites and buildings of old dents gather about and watch the proceedings with
Philadelphia, reproduced from rare prints loaned great interest, and make whatever remarks their
by collectors for the purpose; portraits after old deviltry can suggest...: When, finally, after an
originals; photographic plates of scenes in modern inconceivable struggle with her shame, the girl
Philadelphia; and imaginative drawings by Mr. plunges ahead in reckless haste to finish the job,
Howard Pyle. Mr. Pyle appears to much advan. the students applaud her roundly. . . . But more
tage in these spirited and dramatic drawings, which, torture awaits her. It is then ” (when the poor
we fancy, will elicit Dr. Mitchell's cordial approval. creature, at last completely en cueros, or “all face"
On the whole, it would be difficult, we think, to as the Indians say, awkwardly attempts, at the bid-
better this edition of Dr. Mitchell's chef-d'oeuvre ding of her chivalrous employers, to pose) “that the
for such we conceive it to be — especially on its fiendishness of the stadents rises to its greatest
pictorial side.
height. . . . One claims that her waist is too long


1899.)
427
THE DIAL
“go
and her legs too heavy” (“is' too heavy); “ another calculated to stimulate the reader's interest in the
hotly takes the opposite view. . . . At last she is beautiful and storied regions described. A good
made to don her hat and stockings; and the stu map adds to the practical usefulness of the work,
dents form a ring about her and dance and shout and the author has not neglected to supply the in-
until she is ready to faint." All this brutal tom dispensable Index.
foolery is clearly thought by Mr. Morrow to be Messrg. Dana Estes & Co. issue an illustrated
“smart” and funny. On the whole, the average Holiday edition, in three royal octavo volumes, of
art student of the Quartier Latin, as depicted by Carlyle’s “ French Revolution.” The volumes are
Mr. Morrow, is a disagreeable blend of the cad, handsome enough to make one wonder at the re-
the clown, and the six-penny roué. A chapter is markably modest price, all things considered, asked
devoted to the “ Bal des Quat'z'-Arts,” and another for them. Print and paper are good, the bindings
one to “ Le Boul' Mich'"; and several classic Bo are dainty and tasteful, and there are ten full-page
hemian haunts are graphically described. The text plates to the volume. The portraits given are
is readable enough and informing enough in its small mostly well chosen, and several of them are after
way, but the essential and redeeming feature of the rare and decidedly interesting originals — those of
book is the illustrations, which are decidedly clever Rousseau and Carnot, for example. The frontis-
and gratifyingly profuse.
piece to the set is a well-executed portrait of the
To come at the root of English character and author. Other subjects are: the Rolands (both
study the national qualities that are specifically plates after Lavachez), Louis XVI., Mme. du
English, one must, as Irving wrote, “ forth into Barry, Mirabeau, Bailly, Lafayette, Mme. de Gen-
the country; he must sojourn in villages and ham lis, Marat, Pitt, Danton, St. Just, Hoche, etc.
lets; he must wander through parks and gar There are also reproductions of Flameng's "Marie
dens; along hedges and green lanes ; he must loiter Antoinette On the Way to Execution," and Sar-
about country churches, and cope with people in doux's engraving of Versailles. Altogether this is
all their conditions, and all their habits and hu an excellent popular pictorial edition of Carlyle's
mors.” As a preparation for the pleasant series of masterpiece — but the unaccountable lack of an
papers comprised in his " Among English Hedge- index must be deplored.
rows" (Macmillan), Mr. Clifton Johnson has fol Mr. Frederick Simpson Coburn and Miss Mar-
lowed literally and conscientiously the above good garet Armstrong, respectively the illustrator and
counsel. The book, with its delightful pictures, the decorator of Irving's “ Rip Van Winkle” and
the spoil of the author's camera, forms the best “Legend of Sleepy Hollow,” published each in a
substitute for an actual foot-tour in rural England volume by the Messrs. Putnam and boxed together,
that has fallen in our way in a long time. The con have been perhaps a thought too lavish of their
tents of it have already appeared serially in various work, especially of the marginal decorations, which
journals, and are well worth reprinting in this taste seem to rather overwhelm and drown out the little
ful volume. Mr. Hamilton W. Mabie supplies an square of text peeping through them. In them-
introduction.
selves, the decorative borders, which are printed in
Mr. Joel Cook’s “ England Picturesque and De light-green and in sepia, are pleasing enough, as are
scriptive" (Henry T. Coates & Co.), is a rather the vignettes on the back of each leaf. Mr. Co-
unusually attractive specimen of the now familiar burn's drawings in wash are generally good — in
type of photographically illustrated literary guide- several cases notably good. The volumes are richly
book. There are fifty full page photogravures from bound in dark-red and gilt, and paper and print are
original negatives, and these are excellent specimens unexceptionable.
of their class in every respect. The two crown A season or so ago we took occasion to praise a
8vo volumes are beautifully manufactured through-pretty book by that expert knight (or, as some
out, and should not be overlooked by the discrimi. would say, “fiend”) of the camera, Mr. Alexander
nating seeker of a choice and substantial Holiday Black, entitled “Miss America,” and enriched with
gift-book. Mr. Cook's itinerary shows a careful any number of portraits of that bewitching and
and intelligently conceived plan. He appears to racially composite young woman. This year Mr.
have visited most of the points of prime general Black is again to the fore with a similar and equally
interest in England and Wales, and we should say attractive book, entitled “Modern Daughters"
that the comparatively untravelled tourist who (Scribner), and containing a galaxy of photographs
wishes to lay out his time and money to the best of the American girl that ought to make the Ameri-
possible advantage could scarcely do better than
can young man feel glad that he was born in a land
follow Mr. Cook's path with these beautiful and of such golden opportunities. The portraits are
suggestive volumes as a guide. The work is divided prettily vignetted in the text, which consists of re-
into ten tours, with Liverpool and London as the produced talks enjoyed by Mr. Black with all sorts
main starting-points, each sub-route following the of American girls — the “ Left-Over Girl," the
most approved and most profitable lines. The “Gym Girl," the “ Engaged Girl,” the “ Débu-
text is pleasantly interwoven with a slight running tante," the “Club Girl," " the Bride," and so on.
thread of history, legend, and local anecdote, and “ Conversations with Various American Girls and
Mr. Cook's style is pleasing and animated, and well One Man," is the sub-title. Mr. Black has caught


428
[Dec. 1,
THE DIAL
a
the mental accent and turn of speech of the fairer and a scholar's culture are so charmingly and prof-
half of America's “smart set" nicely, and his pho- itably blended, will find Dr. Mahaffy's Byronie
tographs are charming — of course. The book is enthusiasm for the land of Pericles and Epaminon-
bright and witty, tastily got up throughout, and das contagious and inspiring. But Dr. Mabaffy's
should prove one of the most popular of the lighter enthusiasm, however, does not prevent him from
Christmas publications. The delightful readiness entertaining the view that the pictures usually drawn
it implies on the part of our Modern Daughters to of the old Greeks are highly idealized, the real
pose for Mr. Black and consequently for the pub- people having been of a quite different and a much
lic is not the least striking thing about it.
lower type. His estimate of the common people of
Coaching literature receives an important and ancient Greece coincides in some degree with the
authoritative addition in Mr. Fairman Rogers's “A rather dampening opinions advanced in the Grèce
Manual of Coaching” (Lippincott). The subject, contemporaine of About.
contemporaine of About. With the theory of Fal-
we think, has never been more thoroughly and lermeyer that the old Greek race utterly perished,
scientifically treated than it is in this volume, which the modern inhabitants being descendants of V-
is distinctly a book for the amateur coachman who onic and Albanian invaders and settlers, Professor
wishes to be absolutely au fait in all that pertains Mahaffy strongly disagrees; but he is careful to
to his hobby. Mr. Rogers approaches his theme in deny the charge sometimes made that he has drawn
a serious, one might almost say a reverential, spirit. freely upon modern Greek life and character for
He first sketches, in the real scientific temper, the his pictures of classic times. But we must not be
evolution of the coach, from its germ in the rude drawn here into anything like a discussion or expo-
farm-wagon of the ancient Romans, down to the sition of the theoretical side of this charming and
elaborate and highly developed “ Tally-ho”. popular book, which is mainly descriptive in treat-
term, by-the-by, which he warns us is not scientific ment, and which aims largely to bring home to the
ally accurate, and which, therefore, is to be avoided reader the living features of Greece, by connecting
by coaching men who are scrupulous in matters them with the facts of older history. The volume,
appertaining to good form. It is hardly possible a tastefully bound crown 8vo, will prove an enticing
here to do justice to the thoroughness with which one to the book-buyer of fastidious tastes.
Mr. Rogers (upon whom the mantle -
or many-
Messrs. T. Y. Crowell & Co. issue, at a moderate
caped box-coat — of the elder Weller seems to have price, a very presentable two-volume edition of
descended) goes into the details and technicalities | George Eliot's “ Middlemarch." The type is fair,
of coaches, their varieties, accessories, and equip the binding is plain but sightly, and there are
ments. The mysteries of the harness also receive eighteen illustrations after drawings by Alice Bar-
due attention, and the theory and practice of driv- ber Stephens. The frontispiece to Volume II. is
ing is unfolded and illustrated in several erudite an etched portrait of the author. Altogether it is
chapters. A whole chapter is devoted to that very a very good edition for actual use. Miss Stephens's
essential topic, “ The Whip and Its Use.” Other drawings seem to us for the most part decidedly
chapters treat exhaustively of such matters as coach. well done and intelligently conceived.--So much
ing dress, public coaching, road coaching, coaching can scarcely be said in praise of Mr. Reginald
trips, rules of the road, accidents, clubs, music for Birch's pen-drawings in Messrs. Dodd, Mead &
the horn, etc. A coaching bibliography is appended. Co.'s edition of George Eliot's “Silas Marner.”
The book is practically, as well as very attractively, The pictures are not bad themselves, but their illus-
illustrated, and it is got up generally in a way that trative quality is not remarkable. Otherwise, the
is suggestive of the gift-book -- and indeed no more volume is a decidedly pleasing one, and should
suitable one could be found for a friend of coach attract new readers to the enjoyment of this fine
ing, or, indeed, of generally " horsey' proclivities. novel.
The elegant form and sterling content of Messrs. Very pretty and artistic in its kind is the flat
Henry T. Coates & Co.'s new illustrated edition of large 4to volume entitled “Wild Flowers" (Stokes),
Prof. J. P. Mahaffy's “ Rambles and Studies in containing twelve plates handsomely printed in tints
Greece make it one of the most desirable of the after the water-color designs of Mrs. Ellis Rowan.
solider Holiday publications. The reprint is from Mrs. Rowan has displayed much taste in the selec-
the third and heretofore the latest edition, and con tion and arrangement of her subjects, her colors
tains therefore the added chapter on mediæval are pure and accurate, and her treatment is just
Greece, together with the new notes and paragraphs broad enough — being neither “splashy," on the
added passim by the author with a view of increas one hand, nor finical on the other. In fine, all her
ing the value of the work as a traveller's hand flowers seem to lack is the perfume. The subjects
book and literary companion. There are thirty are: Wild Honeysuckle; Cardinal Flower; Musk
fo