344 в 938,030 B 938,030 (C CE (GOO COC E CO cc Сега (ССССССССССССС 08 INSTVO wares LIBRARY VERITAS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICH JURISPENSUUNNEN Ar 2 354 31269 THE DIAL A Monthly Journal of CURRENT LITERATURE. VOLUME VIII. JAY, 1887, TO APRIL, 1888. CHICAGO: 1. C. McCllRG & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS. 1888. INDEX TO VOLUME VIII. . · . · . · . · . . · . · . . . · 19 . . . · . AMERICA, WINSOR'S HISTORY OF . . . . . . . . . . . W. F. Poole . . . . . . . . 237 ANCIENT CITIES OF THE NEW WORLD. . . . . . . . . George C. Noya . . . . . 148 BIOGRAPHIES OF WORDS, THE . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . . 292 BOSWELL, A NEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Melcille B. Anderson . . . . . 177 BROWNING, ROBERT . . . . . . Meloille B. Anderson . . CALIFORNIA, THE VIGILANTS IN . . . . . . . . 101 CANADIAN PEOPLE, HISTORY OF THE . . . . . . . . . Charles G. D. Roberts . . . . . 290 CHINA, WILL THERE BE A New . Selim H. Peabody ... 93 CONSTITUTIONS, THE GENESIS OF . . . . . . James 0. Pierce . . . . . . . 180 DARWIN'S LIFE AND LETTERS . . . . . . . . . . David S. Jordan . . . . . . 215 EDICATIONAL Books, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . J. B. Roberts . . . . . . . . 95 ELIZABETHAN AGE, SOCIETY IN THE . . . . . . . . . Meloille B. Anderson . . . . 100 ELIZABETHAN LITERATURE, SAINTSBURY'S . . . . . . . Melcille B. Anderson . . . . . 259 EMERSOX, A MEMOIR OF . . . . . . . . . . . . Eduard Gilpin Johnson . . . . ENGLAND IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY . . . . . . . . William Eliot Furness . . . . 64 ENGLISH PEOPLE AND LANGUAGE, ORIGINS OF THE . . . . . H. 0. G. von Jagemann . . . . 240 ENGLISH WRITERS, MORLEY'S HISTORY OF . . . . Meloille B. Anderson . ... .. 143 -Fiction, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . William Morton Payne . 66, 145, 266 " FIGHTING VERES," THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph Kirkland . . . . . . . 288 FRANKLIN AS A MAN OF LETTERS . . . . . . . . . . W. H. Ray . . . . . . . . 218 FRANKLIN IN FRANCE . . . . . . . . . . Fred J. Turner ... GIRDLE ROUND THE EARTH, A . . . . . . . . Octave Thanet . . . GOETHE AND CARLYLE . . . . . . Sara A. Hubbard . . HAGGARD's ROMANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . Samuel M. Clark ... HENRY, PATRICK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph Kirkland . . . . . . . 119 HERO AS STATESMAN, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . William Henry Smith . . 65 INTERNATIONAL RULES AND CUSTOMS . . . . . . . . . James 0. Pierce . . . . . . . 82 JUBILEE CHRONICLE, A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. J. Halsey . . . . . . . . 116 LAND OF THE QUETZAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . George C. Noyes . . . . . . 263 Law, TALKS ABOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . James 0. Pierce . . . . . . . 39 Lixxxl's, THROUGH THE FIELDS WITH . . . . . . . . Emma W. Shogren . . . . . . 40 LONGFELLOW, FINAL MEMORIALS OF . . . . . . . . . Edward Gilpin Johnson . . . 59 MARLOWE, CHRISTOPHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eduard Gilpin Johnson . . . . 97 MARSTON'S DRAMATIC WORKS . . . . . . . . . . . R. H, Stoddard. . . . . . 79 Mrsic, NEUMANN'S HISTORY OF . . . . . . . . . . . George P. Upton . . . . . . 83 NORTHWEST TERRITORY, THE NEW . . . . . . . . . . George C. Noyes . . . . . . . 91 XULLIFICATION . . . . . . . J. J. Halsey ........ ** OLD BULLION" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Melville W. Fuller . . . . . 11 PAPACY, HISTORY OF THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. F. Allen . . . . . . . . POETRY, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . William Morton Payne . 15, 183, 247 POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC LITERATURE . . . . . . . . Albert Shaw . . . . . . . . 61 READE, CHARLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph Kirkland . . . . . 36 RENAISSANCE, DEATH OF THE . . . . . . . . . . . . Melrille B. Anderson . . . . . 80 SCIENCE OF TuotGHT, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . . 121 SOCIAL REMEDIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Albert Share . . . . . . . . 242 TRACKERAY'S LETTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . Eduard Gilpin Johnson .. 181 TOLSTOL, THE COXYESSION OF . . . . . . . . . . . . Sara A. Hubbard . . . . . . 125 I'LYASEN, ON THE TRACK OF . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . . 220 . . · . . · . . . · . . · . . · . . · . . · . . · . . · . . · . . · . . · . . · . . · . . · . . · . . · . . . . INDEX. ULYSSES, The Bow Or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WASHBURNE, Hox. E. B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . WESTERN LANDS, CESSIONS TO THE U. S. . . . . . . . . YACHTS AND YACHTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eduard Playfair Anderson ... 261 William Henry Smith . . . . . 141 W. F. Poole . . . . . . . . 285 Horatio L. Wait II . . 10 TITLES OF BOOKS REVIEWED. 15 194 990 70 113 68 Andrews's (Jane) Oniy i Year and what li . . 147 Arnold's (Edwin) Lotus indi 192 Abbot's (Willis J.) The Blue Jackets of 1861 192 Brodrick's History of the University of Oxford 46 Abbott's (C. C.) Waste-Land Wanderings : 23 Brooks's Historic Girls . . . . . . . 194 Abercromby's Weather . 274 Brooks's Storied Holydays . . . . . . . 192 Adams's (Tİ. B.) The College of William and Brooks's The Story of the American Indian, 193 Mary . . . . . . . Browning's Complete Works, New Edition. 25 Adams's (H. B.) The Study of History in Browning's Lyrics, Idylls, and Romances . . 248 American Colleges .. eges . . . . . 274 Browning's Parleyings with Certain People of Adams's (H. C.) Public Debts, an Essay in Importance in Their Day . . . . . the Science of Finance . . . Browning's Poetic and Dramatic Works .. 42 Alcott's (Miss) A Garland for Girls . . . . 194 Bruce's Old Homestead Poems . . . . . Alcott's Miss) Lulu's Library . . . . . . Brunner's and Tryon's Interior Decoration. 190 Allinson's and Penrose's Philadelphia. 1681- Bryce's Short History of the Canadian Peo- 1887, a History of Municipal Develop- ple . . . . . . . . . . . . ment. Bullen's Works of John Marston . . . . . American Economic Association's Publica- Bunner's The Story of a New York House. Burnley's The Romance of Invention .. . American Historical Association's Publica Cabot's Memoir of Emerson ... Caddy's (Mrs.) Through the Fields with Lin- næus. 40 Brought . . . . . . . . . . 253 | Calendars for 18 191 Arabian Nights, The .. Campbell's (Helen) Prisoners of Poverty.. 244 Armstrong's Thekla, a story of Viennese Mu *** ('ampbell's New York and Ohio Centennial. sical Life . . Carey's (Mrs.) Fairy Legends of the French . . . . 248 Provinces .. Ashley's Edward III. and His Wars ... 153 Carrington's Translations from the Poems of Atkinson's The Margin of Profits . . . . 243 Victor Hugo . . . . . . . . . 251 Bailey's Possibilities . . . . . . . Cassell's Pocket Guide to Europe . . . . 22 Bain's On Teaching English .... 96 Cawein's Blooms of the Berry. . . 186 Baldwin's A Story of the Golden Age ... 194 Célière's The Startling Exploits of Dr. J. B. Ballads of Romance and History . . . 193 Ballou's Due North . . 23 Charnay's The Ancient Cities of the New Bamford's (Mary E.) The Lookabout Club: 195 World . . . . . . . . Bancroft's Central America . . . . . . Church's The ('ount of the Saxon Shore . . Bancroft's History of Mexico. . . . . . 298 Church's With the King at Oxford ... Bancroft's Popular Tribunals . . . . . . 101 ('laude's Marv S , Twilight Thoughts, .. Bascom's Sociology . . . . . . . . ('laxton's Mary Black) Reminiscences of Jere- Bastin's Elements of Botany. 86 miah S. Black . . . . . . . . . 252 Baylor's (Frances Courtenay) Juan and Ju (lub of One, A . . . . . . . . . 22 anita. . . . Coffin's IC. C., Drum-Beat of the Nation . . 193 Beard's (Lina and Adelia B.) The American (offin's (R. F.) Yachts and Yachting . . . Girl's Handybook College and Church, The . . . . . . . Benham's Dictionary of Religion (Collyer's Talks to Young Men .... . 275 Benjamin's Sea-Spray, or, Facts and Fancies Colvin' Life of Keats , 127 of a Yachtsman . . . . . ('one's Helen Gray) and Gilder's (Miss J. L.) Big Wages and How to Earn Them.. Pen Portraits of Literary Women . . 273 Birrell's Obiter Dicta . . . . . . . . . 128 ('onway Pine aud Palm 268 Black's Sabina Zembra. Cooper's Mim, Animal Life in the Sea and on Blanchard's (Amy E.) Ida Waugh Alphabet the Land . . . . . . . . . 155 Book . . . . . . . . . . 195 (ooper's Miss Rural Hours . . . . . . 103 . Boise's The Epistles of Paul 29 ' ('orwri's Min Family Living on $500 a Year . 299 Bolton's (Sarah K.) Famous American Authors 154 | ('ox's The Brownies ... 193 Bonnet's Olympia Marata . . . . . . 299('raw fupil's Marrio's ('rucifix 299Crawfordi Mario * Cruciny . . . . . . . 267 Bouton's Roundabout to Moscow .. 70 ('raw funci Piul Patol. . . . . . . . 267 Bowen's The Conflict of East and West in (rasforul sarcinesta... 66 Egypt . . . . . . 23. (ritsut Hi-tory of the Papacy during the Bowne's (Eliza Southgate) A Girl's Lir 1 Period of the Reformation Years Ago . . . . . . . . . 259 ('umberists The Queen's Highway from Boyesen's The Modern Vikings ..... 191 Ord to Oran . . . . . . . Brigham's Guatemala . . . . . . . . 263 | Cunningham - The Corruleans. . . . . . 146 70 147 86 10 96 128 68 INDEX. :: 195 215 IOS 82 66 46 187 151 194 53 154 08 03 48 132 16 244 Darbey's Nineteenth Century Sense, the Para- Hardy's The Woodlanders . . . . . . . 68 dox of Spiritualism . Harper's Young People for 1887 . . Darwin's (Francis) Life and Letters of Charles Harte's A Phyllis of the Sierras and A Drift Darwin . . . . . . . . . . . from Redwood Camp . . . . . . 269 D'Aulnoy's (Countess) Frir ti: .... Fairy Tales . . . . 195 Harte's The Crusade of the Excelsior . . . Davis's (George B.) Outlines of International Hawthorne's Tanglewood Tales ..... Law . . . . . Hayes's The Jesuit's Ring.. . . . , Davis's (Mrs.) Norway Nights and Russian Hazlitt's Gleanings in old Garden Litera. Days . . ... 102 ture . . . . . . . 103 Dawson's (E. C.) Life of James Hannington Heard's The Russian Church and Russian Dawson's (J. W.) Geological History of Plants 297 Dissent . . . . . . . . . . . Deland's (Margaret) The Old Garden and Hearn's Some Chinese Ghosts . . . . . Other Verses . . . . . . . . Heart of the Weed, The Dennis's Life of Robert Southey .. . . 296 Heilprin's Distribution of Animals, . 204 Desbeaux's Mattie's Secret . . . . . . . 195 Heyse's The Romance of the Canoness. .. 146 De Vogüe's The Russian Writers . . . . Higginson's (Mrs.) A Princess of Java . . . 146 Dodd's (Mrs.) Cathedral Days Hill's Boswell's Life of Johnson . . . . . 177 Dodge's (D. S.) Memorials of W. E. Dodge. 102 Hitchcock's American State Constitutions ... Dole's Talks About Law . . . 39 Holder's Living Lights . 54 Doudney's (Sarah) Prudence Winterburn. Holmes's Our Hundred Days in Europe . Drake's The Making of the Great West .. Houghton's (Louise S.) Words of Peace and Dumas's The Count of Monte Cristo 189 , Rest. . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Ebers's Richard Lepsius. 271 Howard's (Blanche Willis) Tony the Maid . . 268 Ebers's The Bride of the Nile. . Howells's April Hopes . . . . . . . 267 Economics, Quarterly Journal of . . Howells's Modern Italian Poets ... 183 Edler's Baldine and Other Tales ... Hubbard's Memorials of a Half-Century .. 86 Elementary Flower Painting ... Hugo's Les Misérables . . . . . . . . 189 Ellis's Christopher Marlowe . . . Hugo's Things Seen . . Finck's Romantic Love and Personal Beauty . 103 Hunt's Representative English Prose and Prose Finley's (Martha) Elsie's Friends at Wood- Writers . . . . . . . . burn . . . . . . . . . . 193 Hutton's The Misrule of Henry III. Foster's My Old Kentucky Home . . . . 190 Jackson's (Mrs.) Between Whiles . .. Foulke's Slav and Saxon . . . . . . . 251 Jacobson's Higher Ground . . ., François's (Louise) The Last von Reckenburg 270 Jameson's A Treatise on Constitutional Conven Frith's Autobiography and Reminiscences .. 253 tions. . . . . . . . . . 80 Froebel's Education of Man 252 Jamison's (Mrs. c. v.) The Story of An En. Froude's The English in the West Indies. 261 thusiast. Galdos's Leon Roch.. 269 Jerome's (Miss) A Bunch of Violete . . . . Garrison's Bedside Poetry Jordan's Science Sketches. 54 Gautier's and Merimée's Tales before Supper 147 | Karr's Shores and Alps of Alaska ... 91 Genung's Practical Rhetoric 226 Keats's Odes and Sonnets . . . . . 187 Geraldine . . 189 Kendall's (May) Dreams to Sell 49 Giant Dwarf, The . . . . . . . . 192 Kennard's (Mrs.) Life of Mrs. Siddons.. 44 Gilder's Lyrics . . . 187 Kenyon's In Realms of Gold .. Gilder's The Celestial Passion . 187 Kirkland's Zury, the Meanest Man in Spring Gilder's The New Day... County_. Gilmore's John Sevier as a Commonwealth Kirkup's An Enquiry into Socialism . . . Builder . . Knox's Decisive Battles Since Waterloo .. 52 Godin's Social Solutions . . . . . . . 243 Knox's How to Travel Goldsmith's The Deserted Village . . . . 190 Knox's The Boy Travellers on the Congo. . 194 Goulding's The Young Marooners . . . . 195 Kokhanofsky's (Madame) The Rusty Linchpin Greene's Burnham Breaker . .. . . 192 and Luboff Archipovna . . . . . 69 Greenwood's The Principles of Education Prac- Korolénko's The Vagrant. 269 tically Applied . ..... . . Lakeman's (May) Faith's Festivals... 191 Gregory's The Photogravure Calendar . . . 190 | Larned's (Miss) Village Photographs. Griffis's Matthew Calbraith Perry . . 273 Lathbury's (Miss) Twelve Times One. 195 Gronlund's Ça Ira 225 Lawless's (Emily) The Story of Ireland Gunton's Wealth and Progress . . . 242 Lecky's A History of England in the Eighteenth Guyon's (Madame) Poems . . ('entury . . . . . . . . . . Haggard's Allan Quatermain . . . . 148 Lee's (Yon Phon) When I Was a Boy.. Haggard's Romances Le Row's (Miss) English as She is Taught ... Hale's (E. E.) Franklin in France . Little's (Mrs.) The World as We Saw It . Hale's (E. E.) In His Name .. . 193 Longfellow's (Samuel) Final Memorials of H. Hale's E. E.) Life of Washington . . . . 297 W. Longfellow . . . . . . . . 59 Hale's (Miss) Little Flower People . . . . 103 | Lowell's Sir Launfal . . . . . . . . . 188 Hale's (W. G.) The Art of Reading Latin. . 96Lubbock's The Pleasures of Life.. 102 Hall's (Hubert) Society in the Elizabethan Age 100 ! Mahaffy's The Art of Conversation. Hall's (S. C.) Book of British Ballads. . . Mahaffy's The Story of Alexander's Empire. 45 Halliwell. Phillipps's First Edition of Shakes. Markham's The Fighting Veres . . . . . 288 peare . . . . . . . . . . . 274 Marryatt's Poor Jack . . . . . . . 195 Hamerton's The Ravne . . . . . . . . 189 i Marston's Garden Secrets . . . . . . 185 : . . . . 268 100 • . . Jord 19 270 71 12 95 71 19 :,: 272 219 в 938,030 АААА 387 02 TES LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MIGHT . 21266 AP 2 1154 31269 THE DIAL A Monthly Journal of CURRENT LITERATURE. VOLUME VIII. MAY, 1887, TO APRIL, 1888. CHICAGO: A. C. McClurg & Company, PUBLISHERS. 1888. INDEX TO VOLUME VIII. . . . ... . . . · · . .. . . · · . . · · . ·. . . · · · . . . · · · . · · · · . · · . 180 215 . · . · · . . · · · . . . · . · · · · . · . . AMERICA, WINSOR'S HISTORY OF . . . . . . . . . . . W. F. Poole . . . . . . . . ANCIENT CITIES OF THE NEW WORLD. . . . . . . . . George C. Noyes . . . . . . BIOGRAPHIES OF WORDS, THE . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . . Bos WELL, A NEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Melville B. Anderson . . . . . BROWNING, ROBERT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Melville B. Anderson . . . . . CALIFORNIA, THE VIGILANTS IN . . . . . . . CANADIAN PEOPLE, HISTORY OF THE .. .. Charles G. D. Roberts . . . . . CHINA, WILL THERE BE A NEW ? , . . . . . . . . . . . Selim H. Peabody . . . . . .. CONSTITUTIONS, THE GENESIS OF . . . . . . . James 0. Pierce . . . . DARWIN'S LIFE AND LETTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . David 8. Jordan . . . . . . EvrCATIONAL Books, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . J. B. Roberts . . . . . . . . 95 ELIZABETHAN AGE, SOCIETY IN THE . . . . . . . . . Melcille B. Anderson . . . . . 100 ELIZABETHAN LITERATURE, SAINTSBURY'S . . . . . . . Melville B. Anderson . . . . . 259 EXERSON, A MEMOIR OF . . . . . . . . . . . Eduard Gilpin Johnson . .. . ENGLAND IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY . . . . . . . . William Eliot Furness . . 64 ENGLISH PEOPLE AND LANGUAGE, ORIGINS OF THE . . . . . H, O. G. von Jagemann . . . . 240 ENGLISH WRITERS, MORLEY'S HISTORY OF . . . . . . . Meloille B. Anderson . . . 143 -FICTION, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . William Morton Payne . 66, 145, 266 " FIGHTING VERES," THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph Kirkland . . . . . . . 288 FRANKLIN AS A MAN OF LETTERS . . . . . . . . . W. H. Ray . . . . . . . . 218 FRANKLIN IN FRANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fred J. Turner . . . . . . . 7 GIRDLE ROUND THE EARTH, A . . . Octave Thanet .. . . GOETHE AND CARLYLE, . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sara A. Hubbard . . . . . 19 HAGGARD's ROMANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Samuel M. Olark . . . 5 HENRY, PATRICK . . . . . . . . . Joseph Kirkland .... HERO AS STATESMAN, THE . . . . . . William Henry Smith .. INTERNATIONAL RULES AND CUSTOMS . . . . . . . . . James 0. Pierce . . . . . . 82 JUBILEE CHRONICLE, A. . . . . . . . . . . . J. J. Halsey . . . . . . . . 116 LAND OF THE QUETZAL . . . . . . . . . . . . George C. Noyes . . . . . . 263 LAW, TALKS ABOUT . . . James 0. Pierce . . . . Lixxxl's, THROUGH THE FIELDS WITH . . . . . . . . Emma W. Shogren . . . . . . 40 LONGFELLOW, FINAL MEMORIALS OP . . . . . . . . . Edward Gilpin Johnson . . . . 59 MARLOWE, CHRISTOPHER . . . . . . Edward Gilpin Johnson . MARSTON'S DRAMATIC WORKS .. . R. H. Stoddard . ... Mrsic, NECMAXX'S HISTORY OF . . . . . . . . . . . George P. Upton . . . . . . 83 NORTHWEST TERRITORY, THE NEW. . . . . . . . . . George C. Noyes . . . . . . . 91 NULLIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. J. Halsey . . . . . . . . 245 ** OLD BULLION” . . . . . . . . Melcille W. Fuller . . . . . . PAPACY, HISTORY OF THE . . . . . . . . . . . . W. F. Allen . . . . . . . . 35 - POETRY, RECENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . William Morton Payne . 15, 183, 247 POLITICAL AND Economic LITERATURE Albert Shaw . . . . . . .. READE, CHARLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph Kirkland . . . . . . 36 RENAISSANCE, DEATH OF THE . . . . . . . . . . . . Melville B. Anderson . . . 80 SCIENCE OF THOIGHT, THE . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . . 121 SOCIAL REMEDIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Albert Shau . . . . . . . . 242 THACKERAY'S LETTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eduard Gilpin Johnson . . . . 181 TOLSTOI, THE CONFESSION OF . . . . . . . . . . . Sara A. Hubbard . . . . . . 125 I'LYSES, ON THE TRACK OF . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Shorey . . . . . . . 220 . . . . . . MA iv INDEX. ULYSSES, THE BOW OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WASHBURNE, Hon. E. B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . WESTERN LANDS, CESSIONS TO THE U. S. . . . . . . . . YACHTS AND YACHTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . Edward Playfair Anderson . . . 261 William Henry Smith . . . . . 141 W. F. Poole . . . . . . . . 285 Horatio L. Wait . . . . . . 10 TITLES OF BOOKS REVIEWED. 192 Adams's (H. B.) The Study of History in 15 61 194 190 194 190 68 24 63 253 147 248 152 192 24 Abbot's (Willis J.) The Blue Jackets of 1861 192 ) Brodrick's History of the University of Oxford 46 Abbott's (C. C.) Waste-Land Wanderings : 23 Brooks's Historic Girls . . . . . . . . 194 Abercromby's Weather .: 274 Brooks's Storied Holydays . . . Adams's (H. B.) The College of William and Brooks's The Story of the American Indian. 193 Mary . . . Browning's Complete Works, New Edition. 25 Browning's Lyrics, Idylls, and Romances . . 248 American Colleges ... 274 Browning's Parleyings with Certain People of Adams's (H. C.) Public Debts, an Essay in Importance in Their Day . . . . . the Science of Finance . . Browning's Poetic and Dramatic Works ... 42 Alcott's (Miss) A Garland for Girls . . . . Bruce's õld Homestead Poems . . . . . Alcott's (Miss) Lulu's Library. . . . . . Brunner's and Tryon's Interior Decoration ... Allinson's and Penrose's Philadelphia, 1681- Bryce's Short History of the Canadian Peo- 1887, a History of Municipal Develop- ple . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 Bullen's Works of John Marston . . . . . American Economic Association's Publica- Bunner's The Story of a New York House . tions . . . Burnley's The Romance of Invention . . . American Historical Association's Publica- Cabot's Memoir of Emerson . tions . . . : . Caddy's (Mrs.) Through the Fields with Lin- Andrews's (Jane) Only a Year and What It næus. . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Brought : · Calendars for 1888 . . . . . . . . . 191 Arabian Nights, The ... Campbell's (Helen) Prisoners of Poverty.. 244 Armstrong's Thekla, a Story of Viennese i Campbell's New York and Ohio Centennial . 285 sical Life . . . . . . . . . . Carey's (Mrs.) Fairy Legends of the French Arnold's (Edwin) Lotus and Jewel . . . . Provinces . . . . . . . . . . Ashley's Edward III, and His Wars... Carrington's Translations from the Poems of Atkinson's The Margin of Profits .. .. 243 Victor Hugo . . . . . . . . . 251 Bailey's Possibilities . . . . . . . . . . Cassell's Pocket Guide to Europe .. . Bain's On Teaching English . ... 96 Cawein's Blooms of the Berry . . 186 Baldwin's A Story of the Golden Age . . . 194 Celière's The Startling Exploits of Dr. J. B. Ballads of Romance and History . . . . 193 Quiès . .. Ballou's Due North . . . Charnay's The Ancient Cities of the New Bamford's (Mary E.) The Lookabout Club World . . i Bancroft's Central America . . . . . . 70 Church's The Count of the Saxon Shore . . 147 Bancroft's History of Mexico . . . . ., 298 Church's With the King at Oxford . . . . 147 Bancroft's Popular Tribunals . . . . . . 101 Claude's (Mary S.) Twilight Thoughts . . . 86 Bascom's Sociology . . . . . . . . . 22 Claxton's (Mary Black) Reminiscences of Jere- Bastin's Elements of Botany.. miah S. Black . . . . . . . . . 252 Baylor's (Frances Courtenay) Juan and Ju- Club of One, A . . . . . . . ... anita . . . . 194 Coffin's (C. C.) Drum-Beat of the Nation . . Beard's (Lina and Adelia B.) The American Coffin's (R. F.) Yachts and Yachting . . . 10 Girl's Handybook . College and Church, The . . . . . . . 96 Benham's Dictionary of Religion . Collyer's Talks to Young Men . . . . .. 275 Benjamin's Sea-Spray, or, Facts and Fancies Colvin's Life of Keats . 127 of a Yachtsman . . . . . . . . 128 Cone's (Helen Gray) and Gilder's (Miss J. L.) Big Wages and How to Earn Them. . . . Pen Portraits of Literary Women . . 273 Birrell's Obiter Dicta . . . . . . . . . 128 Conway's Pine and Palm . 268 Black's Sabina Zembra .. Cooper's (Miss) Animal Life in the Sea and on Blanchard's (Amy E.) Ida Waugh Alphabet the Land 155 Book . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Cooper's (Miss) Rural Hours . . . 103 Boise's The Epistles of Paul.. 298 Corson's (Miss) Family Living on $500 a Year . 299 Bolton's (Sarah K.) Famous American Authors 154 Cox's The Brownies. ::: . . . . . . 193 Bonnet's Olympia Marata. · · · · · · Crawford's Marzio's Crucifix 267 Bouton's Roundabout to Moscow . . . , Crawford's Paul Patoff... Bowen's The Conflict of East and West in Crawford's Saracinesca.. Egypt Creighton's History of the Papacy during the Period of the Reformation . . . . Years Ago . . . . . . . . . . Cumberland's The Queen's Highway from Boyesen's The Modern Vikings . . . . Ocean to Ocean . . . . . . . . Brigham's Guatemala : : . . . . . . 263 | Cunningham's The Ceruleans . . . . . 146 195 22 193 44 244 68 . . . . . Vear. 298 267 66 Bowne's *Eliza Southgate) A Girl's Life Eighty 252 97 INDEX. 19.3 102 296 16 154 189 62 69 191 . . . . . 152 190 Darbey's Nineteenth Century Sense, the Para Hardy's The Woodlanders . . . . . . . 68 dox of Spiritualism . . Harper's Young People for 1887 . . 195 Darwin's (Francis) Life and Letters of Charles Harte's A Phyllis of the Sierras and A Drift Darwin . . . . . . . . . . 215 from Redwood Camp .. 269 D'Aulnoy's (Countess) Fairy Tales .... Harte's The Crusade of the Excelsior. Davis's (George B.) Outlines of International Hawthorne's Tanglewood Tales . . . . . Law . . . . . . . . Hayes's The Jesuit's Ring.. Davis's (Mrs.) Norway Nights and Russian Hazlitt's Gleanings in Old Garden Litera- Days. ture. . 103 Dawson's (E. C.) Life of James Hannington Heard's The Russian Church and Russian Dawson's (J. W.) Geological History of Plants 297 Dissent . . . . . . . . . . . Deland's (Margaret) The Old Garden and Hearn's Some Chinese Ghosts . . . . . . Other Verses . . . . . . . . . 187 Heart of the Weed, The i : . . . . 17 Dennis's Life of Robert Southey . . . . Heilprin's Distribution of Animals . . . . Desbeaux's Mattie's Secret . . . . . . 195 Heyse's The Romance of the Canoness . . . De Vogüé's The Russian Writers . . . . 151 Higginson's (Mrs.) A Princess of Java. ... Dodd's (Mrs.) Cathedral Days . Hill's Boswell's Life of Johnson. ... . Dodge's (D. S.) Memorials of W. E. Dodge . 102 Hitchcock's American State Constitutions ... Dole's Talks About Law . 39 Holder's Living Lights . Doudney's (Sarah) Prudence Winterburn. . 194 Holmes's Our Hundred Days in Europe . 153 Drake's The Making of the Great West . . 164 Houghton's (Louise S.) Words of Peace and Dumas's The Count of Monte Cristo Rest. 191 Ebers's Richard Lepsius . 271 Howard's (Blanche Willis) Topy the Maid. 268 Ebers's 'The Bride of the Nile. . Howells's April Hopes . . . . . . . . 267 Economics, Quarterly Journal of . . Howells's Modern Italian Poets . . . . . 183 Edler's Baldine and Other Tales . . . . . Hubbard's Memorials of a Half-Century .. 86 Elementary Flower Painting.. Hugo's Les Misérables. . . . . . . . 189 Ellis's Christopher Marlowe . . . Hugo's Things Seen.. . . . . 103 Finck's Romantic Love and Personal Beauty . 103 Hunt's Representative English Prose and Prose Finley's Martha) Elsie's Friends at Wood- Writers . . burn . . . . . . . . . . . Hutton's The Misrule of Henry III. ::: Foster's My Old Kentucky Home . . . . Jackson's (Mrs.) Between Whiles . Foulke's Slav and Saxon . . . . . . . 251 | Jacobson's Higher Ground. . . . 244 François's (Louise) The Last von Reckenburg 270 Jameson's A Treatise on Constitutional Cons Frith's Autobiography and Reminiscences. 253 tions. . . 180 Froebel's Education of Man 262 Jamison's (Mrs. C. V.) The Story of An En- Froude's The English in the West Indies. . 261 thusiast . . . . . . . . 208 Galdos's Leon Roch. . . . . . . . . 269 Jerome's (Miss) A Bunch of Violeta 190 Garrison's Bedside Poetry. 19 Jordan's Science Sketches . . . . . . 154 Gautier's and Merimée's Tales before Supper . 147 Karr's Shores and Alps of Alaska ... Genung's Practical Rhetoric.. 226 Keats's Odes and Sonnets. . . . . . Geraldine . Kendall's (May) Dreams to Sell .... Giant Dwarf, The . . . . . . . . 192 Kennard's (Mrs.) Life of Mrs. Siddons. . . 44 Gilder's Lyrics . . . . . . . Kenyon's In Realms of Gold ... : 187 Gilder's The Celestial Passion .. Kirkland's Zury, the Meanest Man in Spring Gilder's The New Day.... County . . . . . . . . . . . Gilmore's John Sevier as a Commonwealth Kirkup's An' Enquiry into Socialism . 270 Builder . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Knox's Decisive Battles Since Waterloo . . Godin's Social Solutions . 243 Knox's How to Travel . . . . . . . . Goldsmith's The Deserted Village, ... Knox's The Boy Travellers on the Congo . . Goulding's The Young Marooners . . . . 195 Kokhanofsky's (Madame) The Rusty Linchpin Greene's Burnham Breaker . 192 and Luboff Archipovna . . . . . Greenwood's The Principles of Education Prac- Korolénko's The Vagrant. . tically Applied . . : : 95 Lakeman's (May) Faith's Festivals. Gregory's The Photogravure Calendar .. Larned's (Miss) Village Photographs ... 24 Griffis's Matthew Calbraith Perry . . . . Lathbury's (Miss) Twelve Times One.. 195 Gronlund's Ça Ira . . . . . . Lawless's (Emily) The Story of Ireland .. 271 Gupton's Wealth and Progress 242 Lecky's A History of England in the Eighteenth Guyon's (Madame) Poems. 19 (entury . . . . . . . . . . 64 Haggard's Allan Quatermain ... Lee's (Yon Phon) When I Was a Boy.... Haggard's Romances . . . . . Le Row's (Miss) English as She is Taught . . Hale's (E. E.) Franklin in France Little's (Mrs.) The World as We Saw It Hale's (E. E.) In His Name . . . . . . 193 Longfellow's (Samuel) Final Memorials of H. Hale's (E. E.) Life of Washington .. . W. Longfellow . . . . . . . . 59 Hale's (Miss) Little Flower-People . 103 | Lowell's Sir Launfal . . . . . . . . . Hale's (W. G.) The Art of Reading Latin . . 96 Lubbock's The Pleasures of Life . . . . . 102 Hall's (Hubert) Society in the Elizabethan Age 100 Mahafly's The Art of Conversation .... 272 Hall's (S. C.) Book of British Ballads . . . 249 Mahaffy's The Story of Alexander's Empire.. Halliwell-Phillippe's First Edition of Shakes- Markham's The Fighting Veres . . . . . 288 peare . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 Marryatt's Poor Jack . . 19.5 Hamerton's The Saône . . . . . . . 189 | Marston's Garden Secrets . . . . . . 185 189 . . 249 s.) Life of Mrs Sida'. 187 1 190 60 269 191 's (May) Faith's Festici .... . . . . 273 297 188 INDEX. 67 247 . . 195 School of 67 191 48 250 21 299 191 83 266 245 Mathews's (Joanna H.) Cacle Rutherford's Attic. . . Matthews's (Brander) Ballads of Books ..., Mayo's Kaloolah. McMaster's Benjamin Franklin as a Man of Letters . . . . Meiklejohn's The English Language Meredith's (George) Ballads and Poems Tragic Life. . . . . . . . Meredith's (Owen) After Paradise . . . . 185 Merrill's (Jenny B.) Bible Stories . Meynell's The Modern School of Art. 188 Miller's Songs of the Mexican Seas . . . . 186 Miss Bayle's Romance . . . . . . . . Mitchell's Prince Littleboy . . . . . . Moberly's The Early Tudors. Montgomery's The Leading Facts of Englieh History . . . . . . . . 226 . Morgan's Shakespeare in Fact and in Criticism Morley's English Writers . 143 Morrison's The Ventilation of School Build. ings . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Moulton': (Mrs.) Ourselves and Our Neighbors 103 Müller's Biographies of Words and the Home of the Aryas . . . . . . . . . Müller's The Science of Thought .. 121 Mulock's (Miss) An l'nknown Country. .. 188 Munger's The Appeal to Life. Murray's and Herman's One Traveller Returns 267 Neumann's History of Music . . . . . . New Antigone, The . . . . . . . . . Newton's Social Studies ., Norton's Correspondence between Goethe and Nott's Wild Animals in Cantivita' · · · · O'Connor's (Mru.) Index to the Works of Shakespeare Ogden's (Ruth) His Little Royal Highness Oliphant's (Laurence) Episodes in a Life of Adventure . Oliphant's (Mrs.) and Aldrich's The Second Son . O'Meara's (Kathleen) Narka the Nihilist Palmer's The New Education. . 97 Parkes's The Man Who Would Like to Marry 195 Parry's (Miss) Life among the Germans . Pater's Imaginary Portraits . . . . . . 102 Paton's Down the Islands . . 189 Patton's Natural Resources of the United States . . . . . . . Pennell's Sentimental Journey . . Perelaer's Ran Away from the Dutch. Peters's The (hildren of the Week . . Pierson's Society Verse by American Writ 187 Political Science Quarterly, The . . . . . Powers's Ten Years of Song . . . . 17 Preston's (D. S) ('olumbus, or a Hero of the New World ... 187 Preston's (Margaret J.) Colonial Ballads, son: nets, and other Verses . . . . . 186 Pyle's The Wonder Clock . . Rabelais's The Three Good Giants... Ragozin's (Zenaide A.) The Story of Assyria . Rawlinson's The Story of Ancient Egypt.. Reade's Memoirs . . . . . Reignold-Winslow's Yesterdays with Actors. 25 Rhys's Thomas Dekker , . . . . . Richardson's A Girdle Round the Earth.. Rideing's The Boyhood of Living Authors. 195 Rider's Lucy) Real Fairy Folks . . . . . Roberta's In Divers Tones . . . . . . . 16 Roemer's Origins of the English People and Language. . . . . . . 240 Roosevelt's Lite of Rente . . . . . . . 11 Rosmini's Method in Education ..., 95 Rossetti's Dante and His Circle ... 128 Royce's The Feud of Oakfield Creek .. Saintsbury's Elizabethan Literature. 259 Saltus's Mr. Incoul's Misadventure. .. Sanders's Dictionary of Men and Women of the Nineteenth Century . . . . . Saunders's The Story of Some Famous Books 253 Schiller's Song of the Bell . . . . . . 190 Schurz's Life of Henry Clay . . . . . . 55 Scott's Novels, Library Edition.. Scott's The Bridal of Triermain. . 189 Scudder's Men and Letters .. 253 Scudder's The Book of Folk Stories 191 Seybert Commission on Spiritualism . 85 Shakespeare's King Henry IV. . . 188 Sherman's Madrigals and Catches .. 18 Shate's Jappie-Chappie . . . . . . . . 195 Sievers's Grammar of Old English. ... Sill's Poems . . . . . . . . . . . Sillsbee's (Mrs.) Half Century in Salem .. Skelding's (Susie Barstow) The Harbingers of Spring . . . . . . . . . . Smiles's Life and Labor . . . . . . . . 275 Sparhawk's (Miss) Little Polly Blatchley . . 196 Spofford's (Mrs.) Ballads about Authors .. 195 Stanton's Random Recollections . . . . Stedman's The Victorian Poets . . . . Stevens's Around the World on a Bicycle. Stevenson's Familiar Studies of Men and Books . Stevenson's Memoir of Fleeming Jenkin.. 274 Stevenson's Memories and Portraits ... 226 Stevenson's Underwoods. 184 Stevenson's Virginibus Puerisque.. Stillman's on the Track of Ulysses . . Stinde's Frau Wilhelmine. 270 Stinde's The Buchholz Family . . Stockton's The Hundredth Man. Suckling's Poems . . . . . . Swinburne's Locrine. . Swinburne's Select Poems Sylvester's Prose Pastorals . . 86 Symonds's Renaissance in Italy . . . . . Tennyson's Enoch Arden . . . . . 190 Tennyson's Song of the Brook. . Thackeray's Letters, A Collection of .. 181 Thanet's (Octave) Knitters in the Sun. .. Thomas's (Edith) Lyrics and Sonnets ... 949 Thoreau's Winter . Thoroddsen's Sigrid, an Icelandic Love Story 69 Thorpe's (Rose Hartwick) Ringing Ballads : 191 Tolstors A Russian Proprietor . . . . . 269 Tolstor's Ivan Ilyitch, and Other Stories . . 146 Tolstor's My Confession, and the Spirit of (hrist's Teaching . . . . . . . 125 Tolstor's Sebastopol . . . . . . . . . 145 Tolstor's The Consacks. Tolstof's The Invaders, and Other Stories .. 145 Tolstol. What to Do Townsend's i Frederick) The Poems of Giacomo Leopardi . . . . . . . . . . Townsend's (Virginia F.) Life of George Washington . . . . . . . . . 195 Trollogue's What I Remember . . . . . . Tulloch's The Story of the Life of Queen Vic- toria . . . . . . . . . . . . Tyler's Life of Patrick Henry . . . . . . 226 220 46 69 a the Nihilisi · · 267 368 185 148 271 62 145 192 71 152 :: 184 la F.) Life of INDEX. 11 188 University Studies in Historical and Political Wesley's Hark, the Herald Angels Sing .. 190 Science . . 62 | Whipple's American Literature . . . . . Upton's The Standard Cantatas. . . . . 153 Whitelock's John Jay . . . . . . . . 235 Walsh's Goethe's Faust. Whitney's (Mrs.) Bird - Talk Walworth's (Mrs.) Southern Silhouettes . Wilhelmine's (Margravine of Baireuth) Me- Washburne's Recollections of a Minister to moirs . . . France . . . . . . . . . . Williams's Negro Troops in the War of the Wasson's Poems . . . . . . . . . . 250 Rebellion . . . . . . . . . . 20% Ward's (Miss) Dante . . . . . . . . . 46 Wilson's (Erastus) Quiet Observations ..., Ward's The Reign of Queen Victoria . 116 Wilson's (J. H.) China, a Study of Its Civiliza- Warfield's The Kentucky Resolutions of 1798 245 tion and Possibilities . . . . . . 93 Ways for Boys to Do Things . . . . 195 Winsor's History of America . . . . . Weil's The Order of Words in the Ancient Wood's Natural Law in the Business World 244 Languages Compared with the Modern 296 | Zogbaum's Horse, Foot, and Dragoons. 190 Topics In LEADING PERIODICALS . . . . . . . . .... 26, 48, 73, 87, 103, 128, 155, 227, 254, 275, 299 26, 48, 73, 87, 103, 128, 150, 241 Books or THE MONTH ......... 26, 49, 73, 87, 104, 129, 155, 196, 227, 254, 275, 299 THE DIAL PUBLISHED BY A. C. MCCLURG & CO. (VOL. VIII., No. 85.) TERMS 41.50 PER YEAR. 1 Montbly Journal of Current Literature. CHICAGO, MAY, 1887. PUBLICATIONS. Ask Your Bookseller per te heatin's Scrap Book, and MARK TWAIN'S Take No Other. PATENT ADHESIVE-PAGE SCRAP BOOK NEW T. Y. CROWELL & CO., 13 Astor Place, NEW YORK. CUORE. An Italian School Boy's Journal. By EDMUND DE AMICIIS. Translated from the 39th Italian edi. tion by Isabel F. Hapgood. 12mo. $1.25. 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The two volumes in this Library devoted to Romano. British Remains will unquestionably be among the most III. important and interesting of the whole. The Gentleman's Magazine was the repository of a vast amount of infor. Roundabout to Moscow. mation on this subject, and in these volumes it is ar. ranged topographically. The editor prefaces this first volume with an elaborate Introduction. An EPICUREAN JOURNEY. By John BELL BOUTON. CHRISTIANITY AND HUMANITY. JUST PUBLISHED: By T. STARR KING. With a Memoir by E. P. Whip- Proverbs from Plymouth Pulpit. ple. New edition. 12mo. Price reduced to $1.50. This is unquestionably one of the noblest volumes of SELECTED FROM THE WRITINGS AND SAYINGS OF sermons ever published in this country. In thought, in HENRY WARD BEECHER. Revised in part by Mr. insight, in eloquent utterance, Starr King was one of the foremost preachers America has produced, and his illus. BEECHER, and under revision by him at the time trious patriotism endears his memory to every true. of his death. 12mo, cloth, gilt top. Price, $1.00. hearted citizen. The work of selecting the characteristic sayings by | ZURY: The Meanest Man in Spring County. the Rev. HENRY WARD BEECHER contained in this vol. ume was begun nearly ten years ago, at Mr. BEECHER'S A Novel. By JOSEPH KIRKLAND. With Frontispiece suggestion and under his guidance. After its comple. Illustration. tion the manuscript was in his hands, and he from time 12mo, $1.50. to time revised and corrected it. When his ministry This is a striking story of the rugged pioneer era of came to a close, he had gone patiently over about one. Illinois, and depicts in strong lines the vigorous, stern third of it, making many alterations, additions, and life of the early settlers. It includes noteworthy types erasures. The remaining proverbs stand in the words in of character, careful studies of social conditions, deeply which Mr. BEECHER originally clothed them. interesting incidents and situations, and is told with marked power. Public Debts. RURAL HOURS. An EssAY IN THE SCIENCE OF FINANCE. By HENRY C. Adams, Ph.D., of the University of Michigan, By SUSAN FENIMORE COOPER. New Edition, and Cornell University. 8vo, cloth, xii. 407 pages. abridged. 1 vol., 16mo, $1.25. Price, $2.50. A new and abridged edition of a book which, when pub. lished several years ago, was received with great favor. CONTENTS: Mrs. Sarah J. Hale said of it: "The scenery described so PART 1.-PUBLIC BORROWING AS A FINANCIAL Policy. charmingly is that surrounding her own fair home in Modern Public Debts; Political Tenden. Cooperstown. Out of these simple materials Miss Cooper cies of Public Debts; Social Tendencies of has formed one of the most interesting volumes of the Public Debts; Industrial Effects of Public day." It is so agreeable a book, so attractively written, Borrowing; When may States Borrow that it is amply entitled to a fresh lease of life and pop- Money? ular favor. PART II.-NATIONAL DEFICIT FINANCIERING. Financial Management of & War; Classification of BY THE AUTHOR OF “BEN HUR." Public Debte; Liquidation of War Ac- counts; Peace Management of a Public THE FAIR GOD. Debt; Payment of Public Debts. PART III.-LOCAL DEFICIT FINANCIERING. Comparison A Tale of the Conquest of Mexico. By LEW WAL- of Local with National Debts; State In. LACE. 600 pages, $1.50. debtednegg between 1830 and 1850; Munic. ipal Indebtedness; Policy of Restricting Take the poems of Ossian, the “Tales of the Thousand Governmental Duties. and One Nights," the novels of Kingsley and Bulwer, the historical romances of Scott, with the songs of Byron and Moore, blend them all in one, and the reader may form For sale by all booksellers, or will be sent by mail, post-paid, some idea of this really great novel. Chicago Inter Ocean. on receipt of price. For sale by all booksellers. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price by the publishers, 1, 3 AND 5 BOND STREET, New York. / HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO., Boston. has formed n.. Out of these siung ber own D. APPLETON & CO., Publishers, THE DIAL VOL. VIII. MAY. 1887. No. 85. writers and so much good writing as now. That Mr. Haggard could be so much read and seem to so many readers to be worth their CONTENTS. attention and commendation makes a strong presumption that he has distinctive and MR. HAGGARD'S ROMANCES. Samuel M. Clark .. marked merits despite any and all shortcom- FRANKLIN IN FRANCE Pred J. Turner ..... 7 ings in his performance. But the history of YACHTS AND YACHTING. Horatio L. Wait ... 10 literature shows that novelty alone may secure "OLD BULLION." Ndrille W. Puller..... many readers and a wide and transient repu. RECENT POETRY. William Morton Payne .... tation. The history of criticism teaches its GOETHE AND CARLYLE. Sana A. Hubband ... professors to make a modest and doubtful BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS ........... estimate of their forecasts. They are not Mrs Silsbee's Hall Century in Salem. Dawson's prophets or children of prophets and their Life of James Hannington.-A Club of One.Cas. judgments are not likely to be prescient. For sell's Complete Pooket Guide to Europe. -Bas. com's Sociology.-Bowen's The Conflict of East our own part we shall make a very moderate and West in Egypt. - Ballon's Due North.-Ab. and misgiving estimate of Mr. Haggard as he bott's Waste-Land Wanderings.-Rawlinson's The seems to us. Story of Ancient Egypt - Mrs. Dodd's Cathedral He has shown the old distinction between Days. - Wilson's Quiet Observations. -- Balley's the novel and the romance. In the former Possibilities.-Burnley's The Romance of Inven. tion.-Mrs. Rider's Real Fairy Folks.-Miss Lar. the imagination pictures what is: in the latter ned's Village Photogrphs. -Peters's The Children it invents what is not. The novel dealing of the Week. with the actual but slightly transposed has LITERARY XOTES AND NEWS .......24 come in these latter days to an almost un- TOPICS IN MAY PERIODICALS........ 26 mixed realism. In the degree it has become BOOKS OF THE MONTH .. realistic we were all outgrowing romance. While we are all in this mood Mr. Haggard MR. HAGGARD'S ROMANCES. surprises us with romances as fantastic as those that Cervantes caricatured to immortal Some of the current criticism of Mr. Hag. death. He chose his line with deliberation. gard's books recalls the whimsical criticism Here is a scene from one of his first stories: Cervantes made of himself: “This Cervantes «« Well, Ernest,' she said, what are you think- has long been my friend. His book does, in ing about? You are as dull as-as the dullest deed, display a little power of invention; it thing in the world, whatever that may be. aims at something but it reaches nothing." What is the dullest thing in the world ?' *I One reviewer says that Mr. Haggard “has but don't know,' he answered, awakening; yes a rudimentary ability to delineate character, I think I do: an American novel.' "Yes, that which is the chief function of the novelist," is a good definition. You are as dull as an yet concedes that “Jess” “is certainly inter American novel' And in the outset of esting." If, in the surfeit of books palling all “King Solomon's Mines ” Allan Quatermain tastes now, any story is interesting, must it promises: “This history won't be dull, what- need be that before we grant a grace to the ever else it may be.” Thus Mr. Haggard has author he must show that he can delineate entered the lists against the dulness of the character as some other writers do who are American fashion in novels, and resolute to tiresome enough? Another critic notes that keep you awake as one of his prime purposes. in “King Solomon's Mines” the crescent He writes both novels and romances. The moon in full bow rises over Kukuanaland from second story he published, “The Witch's the east a little after sunset; the next evening Head," is a novel with the witch's head in- it has suddenly become full; and the following troduced unexpectedly to entertain the com- day after it has become full it totally eclipses pany with a by-play of parlor magic. It the sun. The critic justly doubts whether is à deus er machina fabricated outright even in Kukuanaland moon and sun should to scare the reader into wakefulness and play such hocus-pocus arts with astronomy. differentiate Mr. Haggard's story from those And even the least exacting reader will be more American novels whose dulness is to his than once annoyed by the crudeness of many thought a pleonastic euphemism for a good of Mr. Haggard's sentences. But it takes honest yawn in the presence of one's lady-love. more and greater faults than these to damn a Mr. Haggard is secure in his invention: there writer if his work is vital and strong. The is no witch's head nor anything like it in the world of readers are used to good writing. | American novels that we read. Lest we be Never in the world were there so many good too much humiliated by such contrasted pov. THE DIAL (May, erty of invention, we may proudly claim as an is such a reversal of the drift in literature American that we think we will not be over- that he has not a reader but has strong mis- positive, but we think that our passing eye l givings but one's first duty is to find fault has caught upon news-counters the title with Mr. Haggard and say that he will not pages of nickel-dreadfuls, unquestionably by do at all. This author has sprung full-armed American writers, whose luxuriant fancy will into fame, with a great multitude of readers on match even the italicized nod, nod, nodding of both sides of the Atlantic, since Mr. Howells the head that frightened Hard Riding Atter so lately set up his Editorial Study in “Har- leigh out of the poor remnant of bis wits. per's Magazine,” to dissuade this generation Happily Mr. Haggard's American novel-read from having one minute's time or patience for ing is restricted to the living present. For such stories as Mr. Haggard writes. Mr. there is in our memory, though not in his, the Howells has let his view be known with suffi- picture of a head-a real living one, “ Harpe's cient clearness and insistence. He reads back- Head” as we remember it-which an American wards fifty years, to recall that Carlyle said novelist of the last generation thrust one dis that the only romance is reality and prophe- mal dark night into one small window of a sied that the multitude of novel-writers cabin in the dense woods. A head, grizzled, must "sweep their novel-fabric into the dust- malignant, silent, bloody, sinister, which for cart, and betake themselves with such faculty hair-lifting power over the imagination of as they have to understand and record what boys—for dramatic ability to make one's back. is true." Mr. Howells hopes for Charles bone consciously and uncomfortably alive at Egbert Craddock that she will “wholly escape any hour of a country night-did in the com from romantic ideals." The fruition of his parison make the head of Mr. Haggard's witch desire for her is this dreary outlook: “Some a poor thing of shreds and patches, of paste day, and not long hence, we believe that this board and stuffed sawdust. Skilfully con gifted author will address herself yet more trived, too, as is the mighty door of stone modernly to her work, and give us her moun. which settles as doom full closing the diamond tain folk as she saw them before her fancy chamber of King Solomon's Mines like a grave began to work upon them." That is babbling to Mr. Haggard's adventurers, it quickened folly. It is sheer and unmixed nonsense. our memory to the recalling of a very yellow Nothing could be duller and stupider in this covered novel we read " years and years ago," world than those mountain folk as she saw undoubtedly written by an American novelist, them before her fancy began to work upon wherein a cunning and fanatical Chinese them. The occasional photograph or old- bonze or priest shut an American explorer fashioned daguerreotype in their cabins was into a living tomb of rock in the great wall of fine art, the local department of their country China by just such an infernal contrivance paper was sparkling genius when compared of a stone door. We would not enter into and contrasted with the dullness and stupidity this ungracious form of international rivalry, and unlovely coarseness of the actual talk matching forgotten American genius with Mr. and lives of these people whom her fancy bas Haggard, if he had honestly looked Dorothy made pleasantly comrade to us because it has full in the face, and yawned, but said nothing i fashioned them as they are not. Mr. Howells's about the dulness of American novels. We, apostleship of inanity and common place as would have left him to stumble by chance the true sphere of a novel comes to a bitter into Mr. William F. Cody's-Buffalo Billion end that we have some malicious pleasure * Wild West," soon to show in London, and ¡ in: it is made inaudible in the noise of make the discovery for himself how fully the whole novel-reading world of England America has already grown an art and genius and America clamoring about the book kindred to his own. counters for “She" and "King Solomon's Now we are being spiteful, and we did not Mines"! It is not deliberated protest mean to be that. Let us seriously consider against Mr. Howells's critical canons: it is our author's work. The first thing to be said the unthinking indifference to his opinions is that he is most readable as a novelist but of that vast multitude of men and women most interesting in romance. It is in the lat. / who delight in the romantic and seek Mr. Hag. ter that he has secured such large attention gard's books because he gives them what they and by it he will have whatever distinctive want. Mr. Haggard's readers, too, are Mat. place is to be his among writers. The present thew Arnold's * remnant." They are not the generation of readers do not take readily to crowd of Philistines who every Saturday romance. We have all been trained away from : night seek their " Ledger" or "Mercury” or it. We do not read it easily and sympathet. 'penny-dreadful with such eagerness ; they are ically. And yet the romantic quality in Mr. , the literary elect who have a mild pleasure in Haggard's stories, highly seasoned as it is, is Mr. James and a juster and keeper rapture in what has given him his sudden distinction. It a new story by Mr. Howells. George Eliot, is the undoing of much recent criticism. It i by a rare genius in self-introspection, vital 1887.) 7 THE DIAL with dramatic power and a lofty informing ostrich after her. Any girl pursued by an philosophic spirit ; Thackeray and Dickens, angry ostrich would be Jess, so far as you can with rare talent for caricature, kept a genera identify her by anything you know when you tion of readers subject to them without ro have read the story. His fine writing is mance. This limitation and absence of a factor tawdry when not commonplace. He has over. else thought indispensable in story-telling has done his romance time and again. Gagool later been set up as a Chinese wall bounding was so evidently made to scare you, that she its empire. Surely criticism could not make fails to do it because she is an absurd stage a more perverse or vexatious misjudgment devil made for the occasion. The battle be- than that a privation of faculty in this tween the loyal and insurgent parts of King writer or that is to be made the measure Twala's army misses the satire of Gulliver or of merit in all other performance. It must Don Quixote, if that is what was intended, readily be granted that a great and endur and is farcical. Many of the devices made to ing literature must have larger qualities get your wonder are too stagey. “She," on than caricatures; but surely the alternative is her ideal side as metaphysics or philosophy or not a flat, stale, and unprofitable realism. It science or whatever Mr. Haggard meant her did not need the reaction in opinion marked for, fails as an intellectual conception because by the sudden and phenomenal eagerness with he was not clear in his own mind what he in- which Mr. Haggard is now sought after, to tended her meaning to be. The place of the make it certain that no school of criticism Fire of Life enfeebled his imagination when he could long hold sway whose dogmas must had need for it to be at its best, and what make its orthodox adherents lament that might have been a great mental conception writers could mislead genius into so bad an fell away into a Black Crook spectacle less unrealism as “Hamlet” and “The Midsum. impressive than a visit to a manufactory of mer Night's Dream," “ Don Quixote" and "The electric light. Every chapter of his writings Idyls of the King." It marks possibly the has something crude and defective. Yet over strength of the public weariness of realism, and above these, he is a great story-writer. rather than the inherent merits of Mr. Hag He has freshened and quickened literature by gard's books, that they have grown into so showing in a distinctive and original way that great favor. We are only prepared to give the stories are not all told. He has shown casual impressions, not to make a criticism that the alternative of the vapid commonplace that we would care to have guide the judg of realism is not what Mr. Ruskin calls foul ment of others, or to indicate the verdict of fiction--a morbid introspection of evil pas- the future. But our reading of his stories has sions on their way from the slums to the not shown us that he has any marked quality morgue-but that romanticism, using a clean of mind save imagination, or any noteworthi. imagination, appealing to the faculty of won- ness as a writer save invention. He has no der, is for most men and women the supreme wit. He has not written one sentence sprightly and perpetually attractive form and matter of enough to catch the reader's attention. It is story-telling. It may be that Mr. Haggard inconceivable that stories could be written so marks a tendency and will himself be short- devoid of humor. The only gleam of a sug. lived. It may equally be that there is enough gestion that he possesses the quality even originality in his romances that the future remotely is his poor grotesquerie of Captain may make him a favored place alongside of Good's half-shaven whiskers and pantless Defoe and “Robinson Crusoe." If we were legs. That poor device marches through his to hazard a guess, we would think the latter story unattended by any other show of mirth, more likely to be the case than the former. reminding one of Gilbert's ancient mariner in For, with all his patent defects, he seems to the “ Yarn of the Nancy Bell ”: “I never larf us to have the divine incommunicable gift of and I never smile, And I never lark nor play, creation: that genius which survives transient But I sit and croak, and a single joke I have faults and endures in its own right. --which is to say "--and then Mr. Haggard SAMUEL M, CLARK, tells you again of Good's half-whisker and beautiful white legs. All the talking done by the persons in his several stories is unrelieved FRANKLIN IN FRANCE.* commonplace. He does not conceive or Of late the question has been asked, Who portray a character so as to make it take on was the first great American ? If we accept any distinctness of personality. Each and everyone is dim and impersonal. Even “ Jess," as necessary conditions of this title that the upon whom he has spent all his gifts in char. recipient must be preeminently the represent- ative of the leading tendencies of the nation, acter-making, is a lay-figure in a shop window invested with certain incident and qualities. FRANKLIN IX FRANCE From Original Documents, You would never recognize her unless you saw most of which are now published for the first time. By Edward E. Hale, and Edward E Hale, Jr. Boston: Roberts her galloping across South Africa with an | Brothers. THE DIAL (May, original as it is original, and tbat he must spondents which would throw light on the history have won and held the admiration of the l or on his life in France." world, whom can we find to fulfil the require. In addition to the Stevens collection the ments before Benjamin Franklin, and who has authors have used the manuscript collections better satisfied them? His greatness lay in of Bancroft, the Adamses, Sparks, the Ameri- his ability to apply to the world a shrewd can Philosophical Society, and the archives of understanding that disclosed in the ordinary Massachusetts. things about him potent forces for helpfulness. Previous investigations of this period bad His life is the story of American common-sense prepared students to look for interesting dis- in its highest form, applied to business, to closures from this mine of unworked material. politics, to science, to diplomacy, to religion, An old garret gave up to M. de Loménie the io philanthropy. Surely this self-made man, papers on which he founded his useful life of the apostle of the practical and the useful, is Beaumarchais which compelled us to form a by the verdict of his own country and of | more lenient judgment of Silas Deane, and Europe entitled to the distinction of being the enabled historians to add a dramatic chapter first great American. Probably the three men to the account of French secret aid to the who would find the choicest niches in an American cause. Sparks had asserted that American Pantheon would be Franklin, Jay was mistaken in suspecting double dealing Washington, and Lincoln. They achieved on the part of the French court; but Ban- their success not so much by brilliancy of the croft's investigation, of the secret correspond. higher intellectual powers as by their personal ence of Vergennes have reversed this verdict, character. This is generally recognized in the by showing that our ally desired to limit the case of Washington and of Lincoln, and it boundaries of the United States to the Ohio and will be apparent in that of Franklin if we the Alleghanies, to deny her the fisheries and to consider the leading incidents in his political keep her in a state of dependency upon France. services. There is truth in the remark of | Franklin, maintaining, in opposition to Jay, Condorcet that he was really an envoy not to that Vergennes had never deceived him, was the ministers of France, but to her people. loth to treat separately with England. Inter- He was welcomed by them not alone as the esting information on this topic was to be wise and simple searcher of nature's secrets ; hoped for in the volume before us. There it was the Poor Richard wearing his fur cap was, too, the question of Franklin's real among the powdered wigs, the shrewd humor. opinion of the society about him. At the ist, the liberal in religion, the plain republican, time of the appearance of Wm. Temple that became the idol of the gay society of Franklin's edition, John Foster had urged the the Ancient Régime. Of such a man in such possibility that the editor had suppressed an age one can scarcely gain too full a papers showing that, despite the aid of the knowledge. French court to his country, and the adulation It was not until after Sparks's edition of of French society, the clear-eyed Benjamin Franklin's works had gone to press, that the Franklin was not blind to the hollowness of long missing collection of the first editor, Wm. the Ancient Régime, but in the economic and Temple Franklin, was brought to light upon political conditions about him must have the top shelf of a London tailor-shop. This col. foreseen the coming storm. l'pon this im- lection, bought by Congress from Mr. Henry portant question regarding Franklin's char. Stevens in Garfield's administration, contains acter, however, the present work has nothing two thousand nine hundred and thirty-eight new to say. We are left to believe that he did different papers, of which the greater part have not condemn the society in which he once ex- never been printed until now. The part of the pected to end bis days, and that even a higher collection least drawn upon by the first editor endowment than common-sense is needed for is that which followed the year 1780. This new the prophetic soul. material has given occasion for the complete Turning the pages of the book for an answer edition of Franklin's works now publishing to the other question, we are met with a serious under the editorship of Mr. John Bigelow, disappointment. The period of Franklin's and it is chiefly from the same source that Dr. stay in France embraced the eight years and Hale and his son, Edward E. Hale, Jr., have seven months intervening between 1776 and drawn for their attractive octavo volume of 1785. It is a matter of just complaint on the five hundred pages devoted to the story of part of the reader that, whereas announce. Franklin in France. Dr. Hale thus states his ments and preface give every reason to expect plan : a complete treatment of the period in one volume, the book closes with the siege of "I determined to examine anew the whole mis- sion of Franklin to France .... with the inten- Yorktown, leaving untouched those years tion of printing all the more important letters of upon which we are informed the new material Franklin not published heretofore, and also the | is richest, and which are of greatest interest most important unpublished letters of his corre- l in themselves. From other sources we learn 1887.) THE DIAL --- that a second volume will probably be issued tion.” The diplomatic history is interestingly at a date not yet determined. In this un- | told in chapters treating the enmity between certainty in which the incomplete work leaves France and England aroused by the previous us we take refuge in the fact that Dr. Hale wars for the colonial supremacy of the world, assures his readers that the new documents do and explaining how, under the efforts of not "suggest any revision of judgment on im Beaumarchais, “France drifted from real portant matters of history where a verdict | neutrality to secret and unrecognized alli. has been rendered before now. But," he ance," and how, “from this unrecognized adds, "we believe the reader will feel that the alliance she was pushed into open and undis- questions relating to French neutrality, to the guised war,” after the defeat of Burgoyne had treatment of prisoners, to privateering, and enabled the efforts of Franklin to bear fruit. especially those relating to treaties with On the question whether the French aid fur. France and with England, can be considered nished to Congress through Beaumarchais was with more certainty, now that we have all the a gift, as Lee held, or whether the govern- important facts involved, as we did not have ment really expected Congress to reimburse them until now.” Aside from the matter of this romantic head of the house of " Rodrique the treaty with England, this claim the book Hortalez and Co.," for his supplies, as was the most fully justifies. Treating the expeditions view of Deane, Franklin as late as 1778 was of Wickes and Conyngham, and the Dunkirk still in the dark. privateers, the authors print material that not The chapter dealing with Franklin's first only illustrates one of the less known features visits to France, in 1767 and 1769, gives an of the period, but gives a fuller understanding | appetizing view of his connection with the of the perplexities of the commissioners in so sect of " Economists," led by Dr. Quesnay and acting as to respect the nominal neutrality of the Marquis of Mirabeau, "Ami des Hommes," the French court and at the same time avail “ whose distinctive principles were based on themselves of its covert aid. the theory that the farmer was the only pro- The sea fight of John Paul Jones is retold ducer in society.” One would like to know by the aid of some new documents. Frank- more of Franklin's relation with philosophical lin's difficulties with Landais, the crazy captain France. The influence of American ideas of the “ Alliance," who defied the authority of upon the French Revolution has never re- Jones and the minister as well, is rehearsed at ceived the treatment to which the importance perhaps needless length. The Madrid cor of the subject entitles it. It is to be hoped respondence shows us how Congress tried the that in his next volume Dr. Hale will develop patience of its foreign representatives by this matter. drawing bills upon them when they had no For the future discussion of the treaty with balance of cash abroad—"drafts on the Bank England, the way is paved in the present of Hope," Franklin calls them. Together with volume by new material illustrating how the the picture presented to us of Franklin attract correspondence between Franklin and his ing to himself the social, the philosophical, English friend David Hartley concerning the and the political world,-“ dining abroad six exchange of prisoners grew into a discussion days in the week"--we are enabled to see him of the terms of peace that opened the way for dealing with commercial France as well. The the preliminary negotiation. Jay's Madrid authors point out that the influence of the correspondence with Franklin presents the American war on the commerce of that country dissatisfaction of the former with the condi- was such that the feeling for the “insurgents" tion of affairs at the Spanish court and pre- from motives of profit and loss was an im sages bis future policy. portant element in the general disposition of The material presented from other sources France. than the Stevens collection hardly bears out It is probably true that no facts essential to the promises made in the preface, although a correct understanding of these and similar the Massachusetts archives afford letters illus- topics were not previously in possession of the trating the feeling on this side of the water, at historian; but, apart from the side light which several important junctures. On the whole the new material may cast on other subjects, one may say of “Franklin in France" that the the very detail thus presented gives a more volume before us furnishes interesting detail adequate appreciation of the multiplicity of to a historical picture already drawn. We find duties which Franklin, first as the associate of in the book what seems to be a combination Deane and Lee, and later as sole minister, was of two somewhat opposed efforts, namely, to forced to perform, and which led him to present a new study of Franklin's French declare these years the busiest of his busy life. career, calculated to win a popular audience, They were filled, as he says, and as this book and at the same time to effect this chiefly by bears witness, with "the various employments printing letters before unpublished. Although of merchant, banker, judge of admiralty, the thread of the story is preserved by inter- consul, etc., etc., besides my ministerial func l esting introductory comments, adorned, it is 10 [May, THE DIAL needless to say, by Dr. Hale's graceful style, the best popular treatise on yachting that has and frequently of much historical value, the appeared. The history of yachting in America general reader will nevertheless lose very is conveniently divided into six periods, be- much unless he has at his elbow the edition of ginning with the origin of the New York Sparks, the Diplomatic Correspondence, and | Yacht Club, whose early history, says Cap- similar works containing previously published tain Coffin, has never been written before. Of material with which an acquaintance is taken the first regatta, held at New York, July 16, for granted. For example no reference is 1845, he says: made to the letter of Dr. Dubourg to Frank “The regatta was a great event, and was wit- lin which led to the sending of Deane and nessed by thousands of people, all New Yorkers Franklin to Paris and which abounds with in who could get there being on the water. Every formation essential to an understanding of the craft that could float, from the skiff to the large situation which they found on their arrival. excursion steamer, was brought into requisition for the spectators. . . . . In the early period of In view of the inherent difficulties of their American yachting, the regatta days were regarded plan, however, the authors are to be congratu- almost like general holidays by the principal busi. lated on the interesting book which they have ness men." presented. It is a considerable achievement A very clear account of the contests be- to have made so entertaining a book, and so tween the “Maria," “ America,” and other valuable a one withal, from material the larger famous yachts of those early days, is given in portion of which is devoted to the less pic. this part of the book. In reference to the turesque incidents of Franklin's life in France unwritten history of pleasure sailing, the and which from its nature does not abound in author says: Franklin's peculiar bits of moralizing and "Beside the public races at the regular regattas, genial witticisms. Perhaps the best comment and the private contests, there is a history of the on the volume is the fact that the reader will sport, which, if the data were obtainable, would await with impatience the completion of the be found far more interesting than these, and that work. FRED J. TURNER. is the account of the private cruises and the after- noon sailing; these, after all, constitute the real enjoyment of the sport, to which the public races are merely incidental. It is these that make yacht- YACHTS AND YACHTING.* ing the very prince of out-of-door sports." The subject of yachting will always be an The author has unlimited praise for the attractive one to the American public. Few sport he advocates; yet his enthusiasm will men have the means and leisure to own and be shared by many readers who have had use pleasure boats, but there are multitudes glimpses of the possibilities of yachting. He who enjoy seeing them, or indulge in hope. says of it: ful anticipations of the time when they may "It is free from all the abuses and objections become owners. To this growing taste is due attaching to the turf, and must from the very na- the great increase in the literature of this sub. ture of things always be the sport of gentlemen. ject in recent years. In the first place, none but the comparatively The latest contribution to this literature is wealthy can own and use a vessel kept purely for the re-publication in book form of the series pleasure sailing; and it is difficult to see how a man can expend his wealth in sport more profitable to of articles recently published in “Outing," himself, his friends, and the cominunity. In the on “ Yachts and Yachting," by Captain Roland equipment and maintaining of a yacht, all classes o F. Coffin. This book will prove very accept. the community receive a share; and the intimat able to a large portion of the reading public, friends of the owner receive that which is mose as well as to yachtsmen. It presents in a con- valuable of all, the health-giving exercise and thet venient form a condensed history of yachting fresh sea air which is its accompaniment,-the in America from the earliest days to the pres. owner himself getting in these ample return for all his outlay. ent time, and treats all the most interesting episodes of the early period in a style that Mr. E. S. Jaffray, in the chapter contributed will enable those not already familiar with by him to the book, speaks with equal enthu. them to comprehend most readily their char. siasm concerning steam yachting, as follows: acteristics and significance. Captain ('offin "There is no other mode of travelling to com. treats his subject in a plain sailorly way, free ! pare to it for pleasure and healthfuln from technicalities and from tediousness. The here quote the remark of the proprietor of one of style is not elegant, but it is vigorous. The the finest of the fleet of steam yachts, when the im. mense cost of his vessel was alluded to. My author gives just the information most desired yacht, it is true, has cost a large sum, but it is by the general public; and thus the book is worth every dollar of it. It has made a new man of me. Before I built it I was constantly suffering YACHTS AND YACHTING. The History of American from dyspepsis and other troubles arising from too Yacbting By Captain RI (mn. With over 11 Illus trations by Fred Coaxen. and otbers. New York Cas. close attention to business. Now I am a well sell & Co man." 1887.) 11 THE DIAL The great ocean yacht races are described į serve to give completeness to the work, and in a manner that is more interesting and more are so well supported by tabulated facts as to easily understood than such accounts usually make it very useful as a book of reference. are. The public attention recently excited by The wood-cuts are numerous, and are chiefly Captain Samuels and the “ Dauntless," in the reproductions of outline drawings of the most race across the Atlantic, will cause this ac- famous yachts, by Fred S. Cozzens. They are count of his former exploits in that yacht to the best that have ever appeared in any popu. be read with renewed interest. The author lar treatise on this subject; being faultless in indulges in a little quiet drollery in his ac- the matter of seamanship, and having great count of the efforts of our Canadian brethren artistic merit,-two qualities rarely combined to compete for the famous America cup, with | in pictures of vessels. Many of the best of the the yacht “ Countess," as well as with her illustrations are, however, sadly marred by equally unfortunate successor in those fruit- the crowding of irregular patches of printed less efforts. The comparative merits of the | matter into the sky-space, producing a most deep English cutters and the wide American incongruous jumble of light sails and heavy centre-board vessels are very fairly and intelli text. This is inexcusable in pictures of this gently presented. The conclusions concerning character. This unseemly crowding looked them reached by Captain Coffin are worthy of badly enough when the chapters composing attention, for his experience and good judg. the book appeared as articles in the limited ment entitle him to be considered a sound space of the magazine; but it seems much authority on this much discussed subject. He worse in a volume having such generous pro- says: portions as the one under consideration. It is "Nothing can be more stupid than the prejudice, an evidence of the fatal impairment of a nice born of ignorance, which has been entertained sense of artistic propriety, caused by the greed against centre-board vessels. That they are faster for gain in modern magazine publishers, who than keel-boats, is beyond a question; that they are have in this case deliberately destroyed the handier under canvas and better suited to our shal. breezy atmospheric effect of admirable illus- low harbors, cannot be doubted; and as to the question of safety, the percentage of accident in trations, to gain a few squares of text, while centre-board craft is so small that it need not be they devote page after page of space to absurd taken into account at all. On the other hand, the advertisements that should never have a place deep cutters are not a success; the centre-board within the covers of a magazine. boats in good breezes having always proved the HORATIO L. WAIT. most speedy. It has also been proved that this style of yacht is less comfortable than the broad centre-board boats, and not suited to the shallow American harbors. They are, however, very hand- “ OLD BULLION." some craft, and out of the controversy as to cutter The reader of Mr. Roosevelt's biography of and centre-board has come a compromise between Benton will find the author's opinions on men the two extremes, of broad and shallow, and deep and narrow, which is superior to either. The centre- and things outside of his immediate subject, board is retained, but with it is a keel through expressed with great freedom and equal posi. which it plays; the yacht is made narrower and tiveness. Thus, of General Lee he says: deeper than of old, the lack of stability due to nar "The world has never seen better soldiers than rowing the model being made up by outside lead those who followed Lee; and their leader will un- ballast." doubtedly rank as, without any exception, the very Several other matters concerning which greatest of all the great captains that the English- there is much difference of opinion are also speaking peoples have brought forth and this, very clearly treated by the writer,—such as the although the last and chief of his antagonists may himself claim to stand as the full equal of Marl- question of the best rig for yachts. He con- borough and Wellington." cludes that the schooner rig is so much handier Of General Scott: than any other that it is sure to be preferred for a vessel kept solely for pleasure sailing. "A good general, but otherwise a wholly absurd But he also expresses the belief that, as racing and flatulent personage." craft, the day of schooners has passed, on both Of General Taylor: sides of the Atlantic. On the subject of ma “ He was neither a great statesman nor yet a great terials, he thinks that iron or mild steel will commander; but he was an able and gallant soldier, finally supersede wood as a building material a loyal and upright public servant, and a inost for pleasure yachts. kindly, honest, and truthful man." Besides Mr. Jaffray's chapter on “Steam Of General Jackson: Yachts," already referred to in this article, the "A very charming English historian of our day volume contains a chapter on "The Mayflower has compared Wellington with Washington; it and Galatea ('ontest for the American cup," would have been far juster to have compared him written by C. E. (lay; also one on “ British ! THOMAS S. BENTON, By Theodore Roosevelt. (Ameri. Yacbting," by C. J. C. McAlester. These can statesinen Series.) Boston Houghton, Mimin & Co. 12 [May, THE DIAL with Andrew Jackson. Both were men of strong, the war, and until the day of his death, his position narrow minds and bitter prejudices, with few on almost every public question was either mis- statesmanlike qualities, who, for brilliant military chievous or ridiculous, and usually both.” services, were raised to the highest civil positions in “New York has always had a low political the gift of the state. ...... As a statesman standard, one or the other of its great party and Wellington may have done less harm than Jackson, factional organizations, and often both or all of for he had less influence; but he has no such great them, being at all times most unlovely bodies of mark to his credit as the old Tennesseean's attitude excessively unwholesome moral tone." toward the Nullifiers. If Jackson's election is a “Political economists have pretty generally agreed proof that the majority is not always right, Well- that protection is vicious in theory and harmful in Ington's elevation may be taken as showing that the practice; but if the majority of the people in interest minority, or a fraction thereof, is in its turn quite as wish it, and it affects only themselves, there is no likely to be wrong." earthly reason why they should not be allowed to Jefferson, he terms a “scholarly, timid, and try the experiment to their heart's content. The shifty doctrinaire,” who is “constitutionally trouble is it rarely ever affects only themselves.” unable to put a proper value on truthfulness;" It will thus be perceived that Mr. Roose- President Pierce, "a small politician, of low velt holds the pen of a ready writer, and has capacity and mean surroundings, proud to act a mind as definitely made up as to public men as the servile tool of men worse than himself and measures during the period under con- but also stronger and abler;" Buchanan, a sideration in his sketch, as Lord Randolph “timid, shifty, and selfish politician, naturally Churchill's upon the affairs of Great Britain. fond of facing both ways;" Silas Wright, “a Thomas Hart Benton was born in North typical dough-face politician.” President Carolina, March 14, 1782. The death of his Tyler “has been called a mediocre man; but father, a lawyer in good standing, left him at this is unwarranted flattery. He was a poli- an early age to the care of his Virginian tician of monumental littleness.” President mother, who lived to see the son, whose char- Monroe “was a courteous, high-bred gentle- acter she did much to mould, one of the fore- man, of no especial ability, but well fitted to most statesmen of his country. Naturally act as presidential figure-head during the politi- studious and fond of reading, Mr. Benton was cally quiet years of that era of good feeling pursuing his college course at the University which lasted from 1816 till 1824." He says of of North Carolina, when his mother decided Webster: “ There never was any question of to move to the vicinity of Nashville, Ten- Webster's courage; on the occasions when he nessee, where they owned a large tract of changed front he was actuated by self-interest land. There, in attending to his great back- and ambition, not by timidity.” Of Clay, that woods farm and in pushing the growth of he “ entirely lacked Taylor's backbone.” Of the settlement, Mr. Benton “readily enough President Van Buren: “ The people at large turned into a regular frontiersman of the would never have thought of him for Presi. better and richer sort ;” and, says Mr. Roose- dent of their own accord.” “If he had always velt, though never a vicious and debauched governed his actions by a high moral standard man, he took kindly to the change from the he would probably never have been heard of.” rather austere training of his youth to the sav- Of the President of the United States Bank, age brawls, the shooting and stabbing affrays, Biddle, that he “was a man of some ability, wbich went to make up the leading features but conceited to the last degree, untruthful, of the social life of the place and epoch, and to a certain extent unscrupulous in the where horse-racing, cock-fighting, gambling, use be made of the political influence of the whiskey drinking, and kindred vices fourished great moneyed institution over which he pre- in rank luxuriance. Duelling prevailed, and sided.” some years later Benton killed his man,- Interspersed with the numerous pictures in having, as an eye-witness is reported to have this gallery are such observations as these: said, " looked him to death before he killed “The cause of the Abolitionists has had such a him.” Such incidents appear to have been so halo shed around it by the after course of events, common that Benton's serenity is not shown which they themselves in reality did very little to to have been disturbed by any after reflections shape, that it has been usual to speak of them with absurdly exaggerated praise. Their courage, and upon it. It is related of Jackson that when for the most part their sincerity, cannot be too in his last illness he saw a friend examining highly spoken of, but their share in abolishing a brace of pistols on the mantel-piece, he slavery was far less than has commonly been repre calmly remarked : “Yes, that's the pistol I sented. ..... During all the terrible four killed Dickenson with.” years that sad, strong, patient Lincoln worked and Mr. Benton was admitted to the bar, and suffered for the people, he had to dread the influence practiced his profession for some years in of the extreme Ābolitionists only less than that of Tennessee, serving also as a member of the the Copperheads. ..... Wendell Phillips may be taken as a very good type of the whole. His legislature ; and then removed to Missouri, services against slavery prior to the war should with which State his name is inseparably always be remembered with gratitude; but after | connected. He was a typical Western man, 1887.) 13 THE DIAL though his large information and really exten- | and the crack of the rifle. These are the sive learning and accomplishments gave him true evidences of the dominion of the white a certain superiority among those around him; man; these are the proofs that the owner and there is nothing better in this biography | has come and means to stay, and then the than Mr. Roosevelt's description of the men, Indians feel it to be time for them to go." and Benton's relation to them, “who, under He attacked Calhoun's proposition for the the shadow of world-old forests, and in the distribution of the surplus, and showed “the sunlight of the great lonely plains, wrought viciousness of a scheme which would degrade out the destinies of a nation and a continent," every state government into the position of a thoroughly appreciating as he did, “that he mendicant, and would allow money to be col. was helping to shape the future of a country lected from the citizens with one hand in whose wonderful development is the most im order to be given back to them with the other." portant feature in the history of the nineteenth And he succeeded at this time in defeating century ; the non-appreciation of which fact Clay's land-money distribution bill, in con- is in itself sufficient utterly to disqualify any nection with his opposition to which he urged American statesman from rising to the front a plan to apply the surplus to the national de- rank." fence, in which he declared “ the whole Union As a writer, Mr. Benton's reputation will is equally interested; for the country, in all rest mainly upon his “Thirty Years' View," that concerns its defences, is but a unit, and and upon his "Abridgment of the Debates of every section is interested in the defence of Congress," which he brought down from 1789 every other section, and every individual citi. to 1850, in sixteen volumes,-an invaluable zen is interested in the defence of the whole work, compiled after he had passed the age of population." seventy-four, and the closing portion dictated He opposed the “ Spoils System,” and in his in a whisper on his death-bed. As a public “ Thirty Years' View” he writes: man, his fame will be perpetuated by his “Certainly no individual has a right to an office; career in the Senate and House, a career which no one has an estate or property in a public employ- will impress the reader with deeper admira ment; but when a mere ministerial worker in a tion the more closely it is examined. Mr. subordinate station has learned its duties by expe- Benton entered the Senate with the State of rience and approved his fidelity by his conduct, it Missouri, and after thirty years in that body is an injury to the public service to exchange him for a novice whose only title to the place may be a his official life closed with two years in the political badge or partisan service. It is exchang. House, signalized by his vigorous resistance to ing experience for inexperience, tried ability for the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, at a untried, and destroying the incentive to good con- time when no “fire-bell in the night " was duct by destroying its reward. ... It converts needed to proclaim the impending conflagra- elections into scrambles for office, and degrades the tion. It was in Benton's time that bills to government into an office for rewards and punish- ments; and divides the people of the Union into subsidize steamship lines were first passed, and two adverse parties, each in its turn, and as it be- "that the enlarging and abuse of the pension comes dominant, to strip and proscribe the other." system began, which in our own day threatens But Mr. Benton was not likely to commit to become a really crying evil," and he opposed the error attributed by Mr. Roosevelt to the both sets of measures. “I am a friend to junior Adams, as going altogether too far in old soldiers," said he, “but not to old specu- his non-partisanship when it came to appointing lators," and he pointed out the tendency of cabinet and other high officers, carelessly enacted pension bills not to relieve " His views on such points being not only fan- real sufferers but to work in the interest of tastic, but absolutely wrong. The colorless char- speculative outsiders. acter of his administration was largely due to his Mr. Benton defended the presidential power having, in his anxiety to avoid blind and unreason- of veto against the fierce attack of Clay-a ing adherence to party, committed the only less power which, as Mr. Roosevelt well says, “ is serious fault of paying too little heed to party; for among the best features of our government.” a healthy party spirit is pre-requisite to the per- He advocated the removal of the Indians, and formance of effective work in American political life." demonstrated that we had paid to them for land purchases five times as much as we gave Mr. Benton opposed the Wilmot Proviso, as for Louisiana and about three times as much well as Calhoun's famous resolutions declaring as we paid for Louisiana, Florida, and Califor- that Congress had no power to interfere with nia. In relation to Florida at the close of the slavery in the territories. As to slavery, he said: Seminole war, he insisted that what was “ The incurability of the evil is the greatest ob- then wanted was the armed cultivator to jection to the extension of slavery. If it is wrong take possession and keep possession, and he for the legislator to inflict an evil which can be exclaimed: “The heart of the Indian sickens cured, how much more to inflict one that is in- when he hears the crowing of the cock, the curable, and against the will of the people who are barking of the dog, the sound of the axe, to endure it forever! I quarrel with no one for 14 THE DIAL [May, H ---- --- ---- - - ----- - - deeming slavery a blessing; I deem it an evil, and name. Though deserving of the remembrance would neither adopt it nor impose it on others." of posterity on other grounds, we think his Mr. Benton's objections on principle to a firmest hold on that remembrance, the “cue” tariff for protection, and to internal improve that will instantly recall him, will be found ments not justified under the Constitution ; in his steady adherence to hard, i. e. honest, his long and sturdy contest for the disposi money, and the terrific war he waged on tion of the public lands to actual settlers its behalf, whether in victory or defeat. . He at a small cost ; his securing the enactment knew well that a metallic currency is of more of the trading road from Missouri through vital importance to the laboring men and to the Indian country to New Mexico; the men of small capital generally than to any of triumphant passage of the “expunging” res the richer classes. He knew well that a craze olutions; his then original suggestion that for “soft” money works directly in the in- we should send foreign ministers to China, terest of “the money power,” which “its loud- Japan, and Persia, “and even to the Grand mouthed advocates are ostensibly opposing." Turk”; his early advocacy of the Pacific He predicted the collapse of 1837, and, re- Railroad ; his conviction tbat the “still form ferring to the Whig proposition to repeal the less and unshaped future" inevitably belonged specie circular and make the notes of the to this nation, and his demand for continental banks receivable for federal dues, said: development; his opposition to the Ashburton "The present bloat in the paper system cannot treaty as surrendering something that be continue; violent contraction must follow enormous longed to us; his position as to Oregon, expansion; a scene of distress and suffering must Texas, California ; his feeling that all the ensue-to come of itself out of the present state of unoccupied land to the Northwest was by things, without being stimulated and helped on by right our heritage, for which he was willing our unwise legislation. .... I am one of those to do battle,-all these are graphically de- who promised gold, not paper; I did not join in putting down the Bank of the United States to picted in these pages. Upon the bill for the put up a wilderness of local banks. I did not join in settlement of Oregon, he said as to England : putting down the currency of a national bank to “I grant that she will take offence, but that is put up a national paper currency of a thousand local not the question with me. Has she a right to banks. I did not strike Cæsar to make Anthony take offence? That is my question! And master of Rome.” this being decided in the negative, I neither He did not believe in the issue of treasury fear nor calculate consequences." Upon the | notes, but unwillingly supported the bill of question of the indemnity, he warns France 1837 for that purpose on account of the neces- that in the event of a conflict it would have sities of the situation, in view of the fact that to do with a branch of the same race which the bill authorized their issue in such a form “from the days of Agincourt and Crecy, of that they could not become currency. They Blenheim and Ramillies, down to the days of bore interest; were transferable only by in- Salamanca and Waterloo, has always known dorsement; were payable at a fixed time; were perfectly well how to deal with the impetuous not reissuable, and were to be cancelled when and fiery courage of the French.” paid. He championed with especial zeal the And all through his public conduct, like great financial measures of the Van Buren the golden strand of the Queen's Cable, runs administration, providing for an independent the aggressive loyalty which did such service in treasury and for hard money payments; and the contest with the Nullifiers. The following he “ denounced the doctrine that it was the is his own account of what took place in government's duty to interfere in any way reference to Calhoun's resolutions declaring in private business; for, as usual in times of that the Constitution carried slavery into the general distress, a good many people had a territories, proprio vigore: vague idea that in some way the government "Mr. Calhoun said he had expected the support ought to step in and relieve them from the of Mr. Benton as the representative of a slave- consequences of their own folly.” holding State.' Mr. Benton answered that it was The measures which Clay, as leader of the impossible that he could have expected such a Whigs, brought forward at the first session thing. Then,' said Mr. Calhoun, I shall know where to find that gentleman.' To which Mr. after Tyler became President included bills to Benton said: 'I shall be found in the right place, repeal the sub-treasury act, to establish a bank, on the side of my country and the Union. This and to distribute the proceeds of the public answer, given on that day and on the spot, is one land sales, thus indirectly assuming the debts of the incidents of his life which Mr. Benton will of the States. Benton fought them all, and wish posterity to remember.” neither ultimately remained upon the statute We had, however, involuntarily placed at books. The distribution act was absolutely in- the head of this article the nick-name, “Old defensible, and was repealed before it had time Bullion,” because that appellation occurred to take effect. It is singular that Mr. Clay had at once upon the suggestion of Mr. Benton's always been an enthusiastic advocate of such 1887.) 15 THE DIAL a measure. The condition of the treasury narrow-minded, and always wilful and passionate; becoming very bad, treasury notes with the but he was honest and truthful. At all times and quality of re-issuability were issued and offered in all places he held every good gift he had com- to the creditors of the government in the pro- pletely at the service of the American Federal Union." portion of two-thirds paper and one-third MELVILLE W. FULLER. specie. Mr. Benton says that he determined to resist this, and to make a case for the con- sideration and judgment of Congress and the RECENT POETRY.* country, and to rouse the latter to a general re- sistance. Accordingly he had a check drawn Mr. Browning's new volume has been before for a few days' compensation as Senator, and the public for some little time, and has been placed it in the hands of a messenger for col. received with that semi-humorous sort of com- lection, inscribed, “ The hard, or a protest." ment which largely takes the place of serious “ The hard " was not delivered; the protest criticism of his work. It may be admitted followed (costing $1.75, "paid in the hard "'); that the perversity which carries him with and Mr. Benton then brought the case before every new volume deeper and deeper into his the Senate and the people, in a speech giving peculiar mannerisms affords some justification a full account of the transaction and resulting for this treatment at the hands of the reviewer, in the immediate stopping of the forced tender but it must not be forgotten that he is a very of paper money. great poet, one of the greatest of the rich Tono statesman is this country more in period in which his years have fallen, and debted than to Benton for the maintenance of those qualities which make him great deserve correct views upon the true function of gov- attention no less than those that make him ernment in relation to this question of “soft” almost unreadable. The “Parleyings" may be money, in respect to which Bancroft declares: described as interviews reversed. The poet "No powerful political party ever perma. has buttonholed “certain people of importance nently rested for support on the theory that in their day," and has told them in his peculiar it is wise and right. No statesman has been way what he thinks of them and their mundane thought well of by his kind in a succeeding doings. Their own share in the conversa. generation for having been its promotor." tion is reduced to a minimum, being about Mr. Benton “ was a most loving father," and as great as Mr. Caudle's share in the famous took the keenest delight in the successes of his “parleyings" of which he was the subject or son-in-law, Colonel Fremont, and in the assist. the victim. These interviews are, of course, ance rendered him by the courage and judg. put to use by the poet in the embodiment of ment of Mrs. Fremont at a trying crisis in her his robustly optimistic philosophy. What. husband's adventurous career. “He was an ever may be thought of optimism in general, exceptionally devoted husband." “In public that of Mr. Browning has nothing of the shal- as in private life, he was a man of sensitive lowness that characterizes most current ex- purity of character," and his biographer re pressions of belief in the essential goodness of cords an instance of the care he took to keep things. He makes no effort to reason evil out his public acts free from the least suspicion of of existence, but boldly acknowledges its pres. improper influence. He was counsel when ence, and finds for it a beneficent function. elected to the Senate for a large number of “Type needs antitype land claimants, who required Congressional As night needs day, as shine needs shade, so good Needs evil; how were pity understood action to complete success. He refused to act Unless by pain ?" longer for his clients, or even to designate his In this philosophy, all the good of life comes successor, so as not only to be quite unbiased | in his action as Senator on the subject of the • PARLETINGS WITH CERTAIN PEOPLE OF IMPORTANCE claims, " but not to have, nor to be suspected IN THEIR DAT, etc. By Robert Browning. Boston: Houghton, Mimin & Co. of haring, any personal interest in the fate of IN DIVERS TONES. By Charles G. D. Roberts. Boston any of them." D, Lothrop Co. TEX YEARS or soxg. By Horatio Nelson Powers. "He was a faithful friend and a bitter foe: he Boston D. Lothrop Co. was vain, proud, utterly fearless, and quite upable THE HEART OF THE WEED. Boston Houghton, Mimin to comprehend such emotions as are expressed by & Co. the terms despondency and yielding. .... His MADRIGALS AND CATCHES By Frank Dempster Sber. abounding vitality and marvellous memory, his in. man. New York White, Stokes, & Allen. THE POEMS OF SIR JOHN SECKLING. Edited by Fred. domitable energy and industry, and his tenacious erick A. Stokes. New York: While, Stokes, & Allen. persistency and personal courage, all combined to THE POEMS OF MADAME DE LA MOTHE GU rox. Edited give him a position and influence such as few by the Rev. A. Saunders Dyer, M.A. New York: A. O. American statesmen have ever held. His character Armstrong & Son. grew steadily to the very last; he made better BEDSIDE POETRY. A Parent's Assistant in Moral Dis. speeches and was better able to face new problems cipline. Compiled by Wendell P. Garrison. Boston D. | Lothrop Co. when past three score and ten than in his early BALLADS OF BOOKS. Cbosen by Brander Matthews. youth or niddle age. .... He was sometimes New York George J. Coombes. 16 THE DIAL [May, # What were life -- - through conflict-an easy happiness is no hap of hexameters. His volume contains no piness. pieces written in the pure hexameter, but there are three in the elegiac form, and the Did soul stand still therein, forego her strife Througb the ambiguous Present to the goal hexameters which form the alternate verses of of some all-reconciling Future?' these poems, or at least of one of them, “ The Nature herself typifies for us these opposing Pipes of Pan," are as good as any that have moods of the soul; those alternations of hope ever been made in English. Mr. Roberts has and discontent, or rather those mergings of held fast to the important fact that a trochee unrest into hopeful content which checker the cannot properly take the place of a spondee spiritual life- in this form of verse, a law which, if appre- hended at all by Longfellow, Kingsley, and "Morn is breaking there - The granite ridge pricks through the mist, turns gold most others who have attempted to write En- As wrong turns right. O laughters manifold glish hexameters, has been honored far more of ocean's ripple at dull earth's despair!" in the breach than in the observance. Let us The serenity of soul which can formulate take the opening verses of “The Pipes of this philosophy of life is as enviable as it is | Pan" as an illustration: rare. If it is not the deepest view of life, it "Ringed with the flocking of bills, within shepherding has at least been held by some of the wisest watch of Olympus Tempe, vale of the gods, lles in green quiet withdrawn. of men, and a place among these can hardly Tempe, vale of the gods, deep couched amid woodland be denied to Mr. Browning. It is, indeed, his and woodland, wisdom ; his comprehensive grasp both of the Threaded with amber of brooks, mirrored in azure of pools. scheme of things and the details, and not his All day drowsed with the sun, charm drunken with power of poetic expression, which is, after all, moonlight at midnight, comparatively moderate, that accounts for Walled from the world forever under a vapor of dreams, - the strange hold he has taken upon the best Hid by the shadows of dreams, not found by the curious intellect of our age. He is a thinker before footstep, being a poet. If expression had kept pace Sacred and secret forever, Tempe, vale of the gods. How, through the cleft of its bosom, goes sweetly the with thought in his work, he would have but water Peneus ! few peers among the great singers of the world. How by Peneus tbe sward breaks into saffron and blue! As it is, his natural limitations, made more How the long slope floored beech-gludes mount to the wind.wakened uplands, contracted, we cannot but believe, by perver- Where, through flame buried Ash, troop the boofed ('en. sity, have kept his verse far below the level Laurs at moru!** of the high tide of song. An occasional wave, In the six hexameters which these twelve to pursue the metaphor, may lift its crest | verses contain, there is not a single substitu- mountain high, but most are checked in their tion of a trochaic two-syllabled word for the rise by counter undulations, and cross currents spondee required by the verse. We should of opposing phase divert their swelling energy not know where else in the language to look into unprofitable ways. for six consecutive hexameters as good as A pleasant surprise comes to us in the shape these, Such words as “ woodland," "slope- of a volume by Mr. Charles G. D. Roberts, floored," and beech-glades," make as good professor of English literature at King's Col. | spondaic feet as any to be found in Greek or lege, Windsor, Nova Scotia. The Canadian | Latin; the enormous difficulty of finding poets are practically unknown in this country, enough of such words is what makes the com- with the exception of Fréchette, and we position of English hexameters practically im. hardly think of bim as an American poet, be possible upon any large scale. On the whole, cause he writes in the French language. But the finest of the poems before us are those a poet of the power of Mr. Roberts ought not which are suggested by classical subjects, to remain unfamiliar to anyone who cares for although there is only the barest suggestion poetry, and we take pleasure in calling atten. of the sort in the one which we like best of all tion to the collection which he has entitled _" The Isles, An Ode.” The poems called "In Divers Tones." That it is a volume of “ Out of Pompeii," " A Ballad of ('alypso," very uneven quality is the first thing to be and - Off Pelorus," are particularly fine. The said. Perhaps the greater number of the latter is the story of Odysseus and the Sirens pieces which it contains are of the mediocre I told in the present tense by one of the com. sort of verse of which far too much bax panions of the King. These are the closing already been written. But there are also many i stanzas of the poem: poems of quite surprising beauty, and it is to 'Mark the laring music by his eyes wild gearning. them that we will chiefly direct our attention , Well we kurs the song, the subtle words and burning. The most prominent characteristic of this this Sung to him, the su bile king of burning words verse is found in its harmony and its melodiy, i Mucb-enduring Wanderer, wondroge tongued, come Mr. Roberts has an ear for the music of poetry which is rare even among ports. Of this, quite 1 Sage of princes, bane of Ilion's lofty walls, er in all the popukus earth befalls a crucial text is afforded by his construction! We will teach thee, to thine utterinost desire. Egrer lits, and mighty straining at the cori! Digter ! W bat 1887.] 17 THE DIAL "So, we rise up twain and make his bonds securer. ** The thrush's song is sweet and low; Seethes the startled sen now from the surging blade A water spirit stins the ferns Leaps the dark ship fortb, a we, with hearts grown i Down where the silvery trickles tow surer, O'er emerald brims of sylvan uros. Eyes averse, and war worn faces made afraid, "On leafy glade and granite walls *O'er the waste warm reaches drive our prow, sea. The sunshine's inisty splendors stream. cleaving Afar a lone dove sorrowing calls Past the luring death, into the folding night. As If tbe wood moaned in its drenm. Home shall hold us yet, and cease our wives from grieving,-- "I see where purple lichens glow, Safe from storm, and toil, and name, and changing Where inosses drink supreme content, tight." Where sprends the clematis, like snow. The curtains of its spotless tent." “ The Isles-An Ode" is a poem which itself well illustrates the rare mood of which it sings. In “ Concord Bridge” we have a human sug. gestion linked with the idealized description * Faithful reports of them have reached me oft ! Many their embassage to mortal court, of such verses as those just given. By golden pomp, and breathless heard consort "I go where the pines of the lane of music soft,- Sing low to the beautiful stream, By fragrances accredited, and dreams." With an awe like the throbbing of pain, That clearness of spiritual vision which comes With a wonder like one in a dream. The scent of the meadow is sweet. with but a few favored hours in a lifetime has, The landscape in dewy calm lies, perhaps, never found finer expression than in Holy ground is under my feet, these lines:- And holy the light to my eyes. " How still is tbe bridge in the sun, ** One moment throbs the hearing. yearns the sight. With the fairy reflections below; But tho' not far, yet strangely hid-the way, How softly the cool waters run And our sense slow, nor long for us delay Where the beds of the popd-lilies blow The guider their right! The splendid white lilies that lie The breath goes by; the word, the light, elude; Subtle scented in passionless rest And we stay wondering. But there comes an hour With bosorns of gold to the sky, or Atness perfect and unfeitered mood, When splits her husk the finer sense with power, Like saints in the peace of the blest.' And-yon their palm trees tower ! And then at times the singer rises from his * Here Homer came, and Milton came, tho' blind. loving contemplation of the incidents of nature Omar's deep doubts still found them nigh and nigher, and human life to more abstract heights, and And learned them fashioned to the heart's desire. The supreme mind his vision comprehends “the scheme of things Or Shakspere took their sovereignty, and smiled. entire," to him no " sorry” one, broadly con- Those passionate Israelitish lips that poured sidered, for faith in the unseen satisfies the The song or songs attained them; and the wild Child heart of Shelley, bere from strife restored, questionings which a limited personal experi. Remembers not life's sword."* ence puts to the soul. The remainder of Mr. Roberts's volume does * We see the edge of things, brief gleams of day, not call for special mention. There are a num- Twinkles and coruscations in the night, ber of patriotic poems, which seem a little We hear faint bits of symphonies that play Far in the awful depths beyond our sight perfunctory, with the exception of the one And so we doubt, krope, lear, and wonder why called * Canada." Better than these are the Our little life should just be born to die." pieces descriptive of Canadian scenes. Their But a larger survey dispels the doubts sug. expression is carefully thought out, and their gested by the limitations of the individual, local color is decided. The sonnet on “The and the questioner can still confidently pro- Potato Harvest" is a good example of these, ! claim that and is a fine piece of poetic realism. ** Through all that is eternal order runs: No unpractised hand has penned the verses i No fragment is the scripture of the whole. gathered under the title of “ Ten Years of Henven over heaven, star-deeps, and countless suns Are tuned in concert with the inner soul. Song." Dr. Powers has long held a place in Seen and unseen in one perfection blend, - the affections of those to whom the simple Cycle and epicycle without end." poetry of every-day life appeals. The senti. We leave Dr. Powers's volume with the re- ment of the household, the joys of friendship’luctance with which one brings to an end his and the pangs of bereavement, the emotions converse with some large-hearted and sympa- of the religious life, and the rapture of com- ; thetic friend. Sympathetic his verse is above munion with nature, form the themes of his ' all things else-with every fine human en- unpretentious but deeply serious song. The deavor or aspiration; with every beauty of simplicity of his verse is deceptive in the nature or art. respect that it so well conceals the art of its “To win the secret of the weed's plain fashioning. Nothing could be at once simpler heart” is perhaps a task no less difficult than and more carefully thought out than these to pluck out the heart of life's mystery in stanzas from “Cor Cordium," for example: its higher and more significant developments. ** The freshness of the woods is mine. The anonymous author of “The Heart of the Ille in baths of mountain air, Weed" has touched with rare skill upon some The forest's depths of beech and pine Yold grundly round me everywhere. of the lesser emotions of life; or, rather, upon 18 THE DIAL [May, -- =--------- those less intense phases of emotion which The “Madrigal and Catches” of Mr. Frank make up so much of our every-day existence. Dempster Sherman form a volume of singu- * While here we sit and watch the after-glow larly delicate lyrical trifles, composed after of the fair sun scarce sunk behind the hill, the fashion set, or rather reset, by Austin Its twilight loveliness my heart doth thrill.” Dobson. “A lyric,” says the singer, It is the mild after-glow rather than the fierce “A lyric is a tiny bird, - noontide of passion that we find in the verses Gay lover of the garden blooms,- before us. The settled calm that comes when Whose little heart is ever stirred grief is well spent ; the willingness to re- By colors and perfumes." nounce, having found strife too costly; the This definition would hardly suit the great- gentle mood of sympathy and the pathos of hearted song of Shelley or of Keats, but it fits past joys remembered fill the quiet pages of a the verse before us fairly well. Mr. Sherman, volume whose elusive charm is sure to haunt ! too, gives us a few sonnets and verses in the reader after he has laid it aside. The French metres, in addition to the simpler poems are mostly sonnets ; many of them stanzaic forms of most vers de société. What- incidental and personal, and others abstract. ever the form he undertakes, his workmanship We select one which is fairly indicative of the is very deft. The following piece is fairly spirit which pervades them all, and which has, representative, and not notably better than besides, a figurative wealth which makes it many of the others. It is called “A Persian conspicuous among its fellows. Nocturne.” “ Teach me some charm to send joy through thy heart “O nightingale among the leaves In a glad tide, and sweep all grief away, Who singest to the blushing rose, As when the golden, glorious light of day Thy liquid, mellow music cleaves Rises behind the hills, with beams that dart The garden's fragrance where it goes! Through the pale courts of night, cleaving apart Who taught thy feathered slender throat Cloud shadowy doors, on its triumphant way This strange, delicious, limpid note, Sweeping far o'er the fields, across the bay, Which soaring skyward through the dark Waking the white-winged ships with sudden start, In swift, melodious pursuit, And paving for their course a path of gold, Tempts all the trembling stars to hark, As through the lambent waves they swiftly glide, And all the rustling leaves be mute? Soon lost in gold and crimson, out of sight, “Teach me thy song, O bappy bird, Or, if I may not know the joy untold, That, 'neath the window of my love, Myself to make thee happy, let me guide My lips may speak some honeyed word Thee forth to happiness, afar from my love's night.” With wings to waft it up above; Of the sonnets upon incidental themes, the best And when she comes her starry eyes Shall sbame their rivals in the skies:- is perhaps that suggested by Millet's “Shepherd Her cheeks shall mock the rose;-and thou, Leading his Sheep Home at Twilight.” “Few Beholding what thou thinkest thine,- of the many sonnets which famous pictures Perched lightly on the lofty bough,- have inspired are as successful as this. Shalt leave thy rose, and sing to mine!" “ In beauty fades the softly dying sky, Mr. Frederick A. Stokes has prepared a With quiet sweep of twilight loveliness new edition (the first American one) of the The wide and simple landscape seems to bless, poems of Sir John Suckling. It differs from While in the lessening light is heard no sigh Or sound, save as the sheep go rustling by. the edition of the Rev. Alfred Suckling in A serried troop, with hanging heads, they pass, containing many pieces which that does not Intent on cropping the short dewy grass, Heedless of beauties that above them lie. include, and from the later edition of 1874 in Naught breaks on the unconscious solitude omitting those pieces which are offensive to of nature; e'en the shepherd's musing form modern taste. The editor contributes a bio- Seems but a part of all the beauty there; graphical preface and numerous notes. The With head down-bent, as in the twilight warm, From conscious thought 'neath nature's spell subdued gracefully-written preface sums up the im- He wanders dreaming through the golden air. portant facts of the poet's life, and treats of It is a little surprising, in view of the sim his verse with fine critical appreciation. This ple and unaffected character of the greater is the general characterization given by Mr. number of these poems, that a considerable Stokes: “The path which Suckling's verse section of them should be written in the ex takes never scales sublime heights, but runs otic forms of the triolet and the rondel. These through fields where music and laughter are forms are handled with no less mastery than heard, where beauty is seen, and where- the natural forms of sonnet and song, as may there are occasionally stormy days. His imagi- be illustrated by one of the four triolets on nation never awes, nor does his feeling stir us “Love's Seasons." We take the first of the deeply; but his fancy pleases us, his wit and series, “ Spring." gayety provoke a smile, and his careless ease “ Through the soft, tender green of Spring, and grace charm us.” The mechanical execu- When birds loud sing old Winter's knell, tion of the volume is exceedingly tasteful. Young Love peeps out, a winsome thing, Through the soft, tender green of Spring; Dimensions, paper, and typography are all at- His pretty looks such joyance bring tractive. As a frontispiece we have a beauti- That hearts, like birds, with rapture swell, ful etching of the poet's head, after the painting Through the soft, tender green of Spring, When birds loud sing old Winter's knell." by Vandyke. The editor of the volume being 1887.] THE DIAL 19 - - -- at the same time its publisher, the wishes of six each from Clough, Coleridge, and Cowper. the one have not been, as is so often the case, | It was a good idea to put together on oppo- out of harmony with the ideas of the other, site pages the “Not once or twice, in our and the result of the rare combination is a rough island-story” from Tennyson's “Wel. singularly charming volume. lington," and the “Life may be given in many A new edition of Cowper's translations from ways" from Lowell's “Commemoration Ode." Madame Guyon will be welcome to all lovers Mr. Brander Matthews's volume of “Bal- of religious poetry. “That great and beauti lads of Books” will be likely to find its way ful soul, the very thought of whom always into every library that is worthy of the name, fills me with reverence," says Schopenhauer, for no true bibliophile can fail to open both speaking of the saintly author of these fervid | his heart and his shelves to this dainty collec- hymns, and the sentiment will be echoed by tion of verses in praise of his idols. To avoid all who have ever come in contact with that any possible misapprehension, the editor says: steadfast soul whose faith no reverses could “As a whole this collection is devoted rather shake, and whose love no baser passions could to books than to literature. The poems in the alloy. To the translations of Cowper five following pages celebrate the bric-a-brac of others, by an unnamed translator, have been the one rather than the masterpieces of the added, and the Rev. A. Saunders Dyer has other. The stanzas here garnered into one provided an introduction and a biographical sheaf sing of books as books, of books valuable sketch. This editorial matter, being unneces- | and valued for their perfection of type and sarily unctuous, as well as written from the page and printing,—for their beauty and for narrow Anglican standpoint, is not very valu- their rarity,-or for their association with able, but the verse which it introduces is one some famous man or woman of the storied of the classics of religious literature and is past.” While this is doubtless true of the very acceptable in this new and neat edition. majority of the pieces, yet there are some Mr. Garrison's compilation of “Bedside among them which voice the praises of litera- Poetry” is designed as an aid to parents in ture itself in no equivocal strain. Miss Cone's the inculcation of moral sentiments in their “An Invocation in a Library," the Leigh children. It consists of short pieces, easily Hunt sonnet, and Lord Lytton’s “ The Souls intelligible for the most part, and selected as | of Books” are decidedly pieces of this sort. appropriate for “closing the infant day at the On the other hand, the strictly bibliophile bedside with some well-chosen reading, as a verse of obson, Lang, and Locker, gives to prelude to peaceful slumbers.” Incidentally, the collection its main character, and many also, they are intended to aid in the develop- earlier poets, who have penned verses in the ment of literary taste in the young. The same vein, contribute their bits of rhyme to latter object is to be attained by such a course, the swelling chorus of the praise of bindings we fancy, more easily than the former. Mr. and rare editions and historic copies. Crabbe's Garrison is evidently of the somewhat disput- | “The Library” is added as an appendix, being able opinion that morality is a thing to be | at once too long and too serious to find a place largely developed, if not created, by precept. in the body of the work, and too good to be At any rate, the impetus likely to be given to left out altogether. It should be mentioned the moral growth of a child by any manner of that a large number of the pieces have been precept can be much better bestowed in some written expressly for this collection, and ap- such way as this than by directly didactic in- pear in it for the first time. struction. The selections are provided with WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. what the compiler calls a'“ key to the morali- ties” which are “imaged” by them. For example, if a child is to be fortified in the “ morality ” which Mr. Garrison entitles GOETHE AND CARLYLE.* “Adam å democratic ancestor,” the parent The few precious memorials of the friend- will read to it Selection 38, which examinationship between Goethe and Carlyle, which Mr. shows to be the familiar stanza about “the Norton has, with considerate pains, rescued gardener Adam and his wife," from “Lady from oblivion, are a grateful gift to the ad- Clara Vere de Vere.” If the “morality" mirers of these eminent men. Goethe had called “death the common portion ” need to passed the venerable age of three-score and be enforced, Selection 49 may be turned to, ten, when Carlyle, youthful and obscure, ven- and it will be found to consist of the song of tured to address him a note with a copy of his the princes in “Cymbeline.” Of the selec translation of “Wilhelm Meister's Appren- tions themselves little need be said. They are ticeship.” It was the offering of a reverent good, although they have the appearance of student to an august master. having been chosen in a haphazard sort of | way. There are 86 of them altogether, ten being from Emerson, eight from Lowell, and ! & Co. * CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN GOETHE AND CARLYLE. Edited by Charles Eliot Norton. New York: Macmillan 20 [May, THE DIAL “Four years ago,” he wrote, “when I read your accept, “that so something which she had Faust' among the mountains of my native Scot- handled, and which had been hers, might be land, I could not but fancy I might one day see in your hands and be yours.”. Thenceforth, to you, and pour out before you, as before a Father, the end of their correspondence, Mrs. Carlyle the woes and wanderings of a heart whose mys. teries you seemed so thoroughly to comprehend | has some personal share in every letter and and could so beautifully represent. The hope of parcel that passes between the two authors. meeting you is still among my dreams. Many În acknowledgment of the purse, Goethe sends saints have been expunged from my literary calen- her a pretty necklace, and to Carlyle “a most dar since I first knew you; but your name still dashing pocket-book,” with books and sundry stands there, in characters more bright than ever.” other valuable souvenirs. Carlyle writes in Carlyle had then been poring over German due appreciation of these inestimable pos- authors for five years, catching his first in- | sesions : spiration for the effort from the perusal of "This little drawing-room may now be said to Madame de Staël's “L'Allemagne.” He had be full of you. My translations from your works encountered many obstacles in the pursuit, already stood, in fair binding, in the bookcase, and German books and teachers at that date being portraits of you lay in portfolios; during our late extremely difficult to procure. A schoolfellow absence in the country, some good genius, to prepare a happy surprise for us, had hung up, in the best had helped him to a knowledge of the lan- framing and light, a large picture of you, which we guage, over which he rapidly obtained a com- understand to be the best resemblance; and now mand. His first study was of the works of your medals lie on the mantlepiece; your books, in Schiller, and bore immediate fruit in a life of their silk paper covers, have displaced even Tasso's the author, published in 1823. It was the be Gerusalemme; and from more secret recesses your ginning of that long series of writings by handwriting can be exhibited to favored friends. which he quickened the minds of his country. It is thus that good men may raise for themselves a men to an appreciation of the treasures of little sanctuary in houses and hearts that lie far away. The tolerance, the kindness with which German literature hitherto almost unknown to you treat my labors in German literature must not them. mislead me into vanity, but encourage me to new His modest salutation to the great genius of effort in appropriating what is Beautiful and True, Germany in 1824 met with a gracious response wheresoever and howsoever it is to be found.”. in the form of a letter and a set of Goethe's Goethe manifested from the first a deep poems. The favored recipient hastened to lay | interest in his English correspondent, and before Miss Welsh the priceless epistle, which besought him for particulars of his past life. ended with the hearty good wishes and the Carlyle replied with characteristic fervor: signature of the poet in his own hand. “Con- “How often have I longed to pour out the whole ceive my satisfaction," he writes to her, with history before you! As it is, your works have been boyish enthusiasm; "it was almost like a mes a mirror to me; unasked and unhoped for, your sage from Fairy Land.” Then he directs her, I wisdom has counselled me; and so peace and health with tender care, to cherish the document as of soul have visited me from afar. For I was once the most valuable of her literary relics, a token an unbeliever, not in religion only, but in all the “of him whom I most venerate and her whom mercy and beauty of which it is the symbol; storm- tossed in my own imagination; a man divided from I most love in this strangest of all possible men; exasperated, wretched, driven almost to de- worlds." spair; so that Faust's mild curse seemed the only Nearly three years elapse, when Carlyle ex- | fit greeting for human life. ... But now, thank presses renewed gratitude to the beloved Heaven, all this is altered : without change of ex- teacher, with the presentation of his “Life of ternal circumstances, solely by the new light which Schiller,” his translation of “ Wilhelm Mei. rose upon me, I attained to new thoughts, and a ster's Travels,” and other studies in German composure which I should once have considered as impossible. And now, under happier omens, literature. His indebtedness is declared in though the bodily health which I lost in these feeling terms: struggles has never been and may never be restored “If I have been delivered from darkness into any to me, I look forward with cheerfulness to a life measure of light, if I know aught of myself and spent in literature, with such fortune and such my duties and destination, it is to the study of strength as may be granted me; hoping little and your writings more than to any other circumstance fearing little from the world; having learned that that I owe this; it is you more than any other man what I once called happiness is not only not to be that I should always thank and reverence with the attained on earth, but not even to be desired." feeling of a disciple to his Master, nay, of a son to In the midst of their correspondence, Car- his spiritual Father." lyle removes to Craigenputtoch, and Goethe is In this second communication, Carlyle intro minutely curious as to his friend's new situa- duces his young wife, to whom he had been tion and surroundings. He tries to picture to six months married, to the notice of the poet; himself the valley of the Frith, with Dum- and she, as her tribute to the revered author, fries on its left bank, according to Carlyle's proffers a purse, the work of “ dainty fingers description. He studies such local maps as and true love," which Goethe is entreated to can be obtained for precise information, but, 1887.] 21 THE DIAL BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS. dissatisfied with the results, asks for drawings of Carlyle's house and of views from its win- dows. These are willingly transmitted, and are ultimately inserted by him in the German translation of Carlyle's “Life of Schiller,” which Goethe stamped with his high approval in a preface marked by just and discriminat- ing praise of the book and its author. Until Goethe's death, in 1832, letters and packets travelled to and fro several times each year between Weimar and the lonely retreat amid the black moors, “two hours' riding” from Dumfries. They were freighted with kindly words and delicate evidences of affec- tion, which strengthened and vivified an earnest and abiding friendship. The secluded home at Craigenputtoch, to which Carlyle had resorted that he might not have to write for bread, might not be tempted to tell lies for money,” was richer than a royal palace, on the arrival of a little fir-box from Germany. No lady in Scotland was so distinguished as she who bent over its daintily-packed contents, and uncovered the bracelet, the brooch, the card bearing poetical messages addressed to her by the great man whom, of all the world, she and her husband held in the highest regard. With a perfect courtesy and tender- ness, Carlyle had included her in all his inter- course with Goethe. She was the queen to whom both paid a loyal deference honorable. to her and to them. Such rare distinctions were a noble recompense for the sacrifices she voluntarily assumed as the companion of Carlyle. The letters of Goethe are printed in this volume in the original German and also in an English version. They are infused with a spirit of majestic calm, the utterances of a lofty and catholic nature, accustomed to ven- eration which is accepted with quiet grace, and looking out upon all mankind with large and humane vision. Goethe's esteem for Carlyle was sincere, and their correspondence was a source of undoubted gratification to him. He was pleased with the homage of the enthusi- astic young scholar, and grateful for the powerful aid he gave in promoting a literary interchange between the thoughtful minds of England and Germany. Goethe longed for the era of universal good-will among nations, and to hasten its advent he encouraged every effort which tended to increase their knowl. edge of each other and consequently their unity of feeling. To render complete the history of the re- lations between Goethe and Carlyle, Prof. Norton has enclosed with their correspondence the preface to the German translation of Car- lyle's “Life of Schiller,” and a number of letters exchanged by Eckermann and Carlyle. SARA A. HUBBARD, MRS. SILSBEE'S “Half Century in Salem " (Houghton, Mifflin & Co.) gives many interesting glimpses of life in that old town in the early part of the present century, when Salem was the second place of importance in New England. The collec- tion of sketches, therefore, had more than a local interest; for it describes the manners, customs and habits of a peculiar people, and conditions of life which no longer exist. Among the citizens of Salem at that period were many who had acted important parts in the founding of the republic, and were shining lights in the local history of the State. Here lived Timothy Pickering, the soldier and statesman, and Secretary of War during the admin- istration of Washington, Judge Story of the U. S. Supreme Court, Dr. Nathaniel Bowditch the great mathematician, and a race of merchant princes whose commerce covered the ocean and had scarcely any rivals in the ports of New York and Boston. Of all the seaports of the continent, Salem had then the lead in the East Indian, South American, and Pacific Ocean trade. Its wharves were crowded with shipping, its warehouses with foreign merchandise, and its custom-house and streets were busy with commerce. With the wealth which attended this era of prosperity came also opportunities for ease and culture which made Salem one of the social and intellectual centres of the country. The peo- ple, therefore, who are described in Mrs. Silsbee's book are many of them noteworthy persons. We are accustomed to think that the political contests of our day are unduly rancorous; but they are noth- ing compared with the bitterness of partisan strife in the days of our fathers, when Federalists and Democrats would not dance in the same ball-room or recognize each other in the street, and in Salem would not live in the same part of the town. Mrs. Silsbee lets us look into the home life and social amusements of the town, and gives pleasant ac- counts of its prominent citizens. Nathaniel Haw- thorne, who was not born till 1804, came too late upon the scene to be mentioned; and Henry K. Oliver, the popular composer of hymn tunes, is mentioned only as a school teacher. The shops of Salem were generally kept by women, as their husbands and brothers were at sea or had perished by shipwreck. It has often been mentioned, as a New England custom of that period, to take at dinner pudding before the meats. Mrs. Silsbee says that this was the custom only at a Federal dinner; for the Democrats began with soup and meats and ended with pudding. MR. E. C. Dawson's life of James Hannington (Randolph & Co.) has a two-fold value: that de- rived from the record of a brave Christian spirit, and that pertaining to an account of the efforts of the English Church in the establishment of mission stations in Central Africa. Dr. Hannington was the first bishop appointed to the diocese of East Equatorial Africa. He occupied the office a little more than a year, receiving consecration in June 1884, arriving at Frere Town on the African coast in January 1885, and falling a victim to the treach- ery of Mwanga, the successor of Mtèsa, king of the Masais, in October of the same year. His life was cut short at the close of his thirty-eighth year, but the work crowded into the later portion of it was so noble and useful in so noble and useful in its aim and results that his 22 (May, THE DIAL name secured lasting honor in the places where he many hearts. Only we have a sort of suspicion all moved. He was born to the easy position of a man the time that our invalid is something of a malade of fortune, and his tastes were those of a naturalist imaginaire. and a lover of travel and adventure. He was active and high-spirited, and had many social gifts; but at CASSELL'S “Complete Pocket Guide to Europe" the age of twenty-one the religious tendency of his is the little volume which has heretofore been pub- nature asserted itself, and he resolved to enter the lished with the imprint of J. R. Osgood & Co. It ministry. After his ordination he threw himself is certainly a "pocket" guide, almost a “vest- ardently into the work he had chosen. When the pocket" one; its " completeness" admits of some field for missionary service was opened on the question. It makes a great effort to cover the whole shores of the Victoria Nyanza, he was strongly ground, and even includes Russia, the Scandinavian moved to join the little band of laborers who gave countries, and Spain and Portugal. It allows the themselves to the cause. In 1882 he left his curate reader just four months in which to see all the ship at St. George's Chapel, Hurstpierpoint, where most interesting sections of Europe," including the he had ministered faithfully and with signal effect remote countries just mentioned. It undoubtedly seven years; he parted with his wife and three little contains more information in proportion to its size ones, and joined the party sent to reinforce the than any other guide-book published. One caution, mission at Uganda, prepared for an absence of five however, should have been omitted. The editor years. The hardship and illness from which he says, “It is not wise to restrict one's self in amount suffered incredibly during the inland journey in of baggage." But if this is true, the first addition Africa rendered an immediate return home impera- a traveller should make to his impedimenta is a tive for the preservation of his life. He reached complete outfit of Baedekers and Hares, thus mak- England a year after his departure; but, recovering ing the “pocket guide-book" quite superfluous. his health, determined to renew the undertaking he The statements of the book are reasonably accurate had reluctantly abandoned. The rest of his story į and up to date. In a very hasty examination, we has been briefly outlined. It is told at length by have noticed a few errors. The Hotel Splendide at his biographer, and repeats the experience of the Paris ceased to exist about a year ago; it is still heroic men who, animated by the spirit of Living given here. The Goethe collections at Weimar are stone, have borne toil, anguish, and death, in the visible every day of the week but Monday; we are endeavor to carry civilization to the benighted told here that they are only to be seen on Friday. African. The statement that all steamers now land passengers directly at the Liverpool docks is inaccurate. Some THERE are some books which have for us pre of them still send their passengers by tender to the cisely the interest of clever conversation, which are landing-stages. The page devoted to ocean steam. written exactly as a man would speak, which give | boat fares is very inaccurate. The highest rates on us the impression that we are listening to some the North German Lloyd and the French line are one's voice rather than reading from the printed given as $100 and $110, respectively, whereas they page. A book of this description is before us should be $175 and $120. No mention is made of just now. It is called "A Club of One," and pro the most important of the Allan lines, that from fesses to consist of " passages from the note-book Quebec to Liverpool. We think that even a con- of a man who might have been sociable" (Hough- ! densed guide-book might have found room for a ton, Mifflin & Co). It consists entirely of talk of line definitely mentioning the carved stalls of a familiar kind indulged in by a dyspeptic of cul- ! Amiens Cathedral, and Rauch's statue of Queen ture and refinement. The culture is not very broad Luise at Charlottenburg Instances of this sort of but it is genuine as far as it goes, and there can be omission might be multiplied; we have given enough no question about the refinement. The "man who to show that the present guide has its failings like might have been sociable" is represented as an all other. invalid confined for the most part to his house and his books, with a retentive memory for little things, Tue work of Dr. John Bascom on “Sociology" and an epigrammatic way of expressing himself. (Putnam) aims, in the author's words, to cover "a Although made unsociable by indigestion and a large field suggestively, rather than a narrow field mild cynicism, he is not without a faculty of exhaustively. This admission precludes any criti. shrewd observation, and this he has put to use, ascism based upon unsystematic treatment or omission many pages will testify. Here is a characteristic of important subjects, and leaves room only for bit: "I hate disputation. My wife- It is not dis. that which is concerned with matters of detail and cussion. It is next thing to scolding. Gentlemen | with the general tendency of the work. This ought to be able to talk without disputing; though general treatment of the subject is made all the no gentleman will introduce into conversation . ! more necessary by the author's sceptical attitude subject upon which gentlemen might differ with toward the results claimed by Mr. Spencer and feeling. That is the test. A very good man, as other writers upon sociology. He says: ** It is the world goes, comes in to sit with me an evening. even yet early to speak of sociology. But little The politenesses have hardly been exchanged, when progress has been made in the combination of he asks my view of something. The view he at social, civil, economic, religious and ethical terms once takes to be a deliberate opinion, and falls to of growth, into a sociology that shall enable us to combating it, by giving me his opinion of it to the understand the orbit of society, and to detine, in contrary. As if I cared particularly what he reference to both the past and the future, the posi. thought about it! We should like to make fur tion actually occupied by us in it." While we ther extracts from this charming volume. There is should dissent from Dr. Bascom's views as to the a tine descant upon the northeast wind, for example, value of what has already been accomplished in the and a very feeling series of reflections upon amateur science, we cheerfully ahmit that much is being musicians which would find responsive echoes in done in an ill-considered way to accomplish a union 1887.) 23 THE DIAL between departments of sociological science which to the book upon Cuba entitled “Due South.” It it were better to develop separately for some time takes the reader through the northern countries yet to come. He remarks very justly: “ The phases of Europe-Norway, Sweden, Russia, and Russian of action embodied in society are so distinct-as, for Poland, which are not yet so commonly visited example, those of Political Economy and of Ethics and described as to have become hackneyed topics. as to admit of separate, profitable discussion. In It touches upon every point which an intelligent deed, not till we have considered these separately and observant tourist, seeking for the largest are we ready for their combination in human inter amount of trustworthy knowledge, would find most course. Each one of these fields admits of distinct significant and impressive. His route ran from principles narrowly applied, and has closer terms Copenhagen to Christiana, Bergen, Lund, and the of union than the entire field." In the variety of North Cape; thence across country to Stockholm subjects touched upon in this volume, Dr. Bascom and Upsala, and so on to St. Petersburg, Mos. gives renewed evidence of a comprehensive and cow, Nijni Novgorod, and Warsaw. Diversions philosophically disposed mind, as well as of powers of from this main path were made whenever objects keen insight, and direct and incisive expression of of importance offered sufficient attraction. The thought. The work has not only the suggestiveness most noteworthy observations of Mr. Ballou in Rus- which he modestly claims for it, but qualities of a sia and Poland concerned the policy and action of much more substantial character. the government. His observations led him to be- lieve that the reports of the hermit-like seclusion of "THE Conflict of the East and West in Egypt " the emperor and his fear of violence from the people (Putnam) is the title of a valuable monograph of are exaggerations ; that he is the most liberal. two hundred pages, by John Eliot Bowen, Ph.D. | minded of the Romanoffs that have yet sat on the Beginning with the reign of Mehemet Ali, and imperial throne; that he has the best good of his sketching rapidly the conquests and administrative subjects at heart, and purposes even to grant them reforms of this “ Peter the Great of Egypt,” as he a constitution in due time, and that he has modified has been called, it brings the history of Egypt, and the penal system of the country to such an extent of England's intervention in the affairs thereof, that exile to Siberia has become a light punishment down to the conclusion of Lord Wolseley's expedi. compared with captivity in European or American tion, fruitful only in delays and disasters, for the prisons. In studying Polish affairs, Mr. Ballou ar- relief of Gen. Gordon in Khartām. It traces the rived at conclusions similarly opposed to the popu. miseries and crushing financial burdens which lar opinion: viz., that the people are much more Egypt has had to endure, not to England's rapacity, prosperous and happy, and all classes in a surer line but to the ambitious and wild schemes of Ismail, of progress, than they were before the much- which are set forth in detail, and which were un lamented partition, or would be again were the old dertaken in order "to make a civilized country out régime restored. of uncivilized materials, and to develop trade where natural resources were wanting, let the cost The new volume by Dr. Charles C. Abbott, en- be what it might.” Dr. Bowen attaches some titled “ Waste-Land Wanderings" (Harperg), pos- blame to greedy European money lenders, but he sesses the varied and delightful characteristics shows, by the clear proof of facts and figures, that which have given his books a favored place among the chief burden of responsibility for Egypt's the writings of naturalists. His habitual field of ob- troubles rests upon Ismail, and he discredits Mr. servation is in the environs of Trenton, New Jersey, Seymour Keay's "Tale of Shame," though to which he has devoted his leisure hours during a the latter ** supports his arguments with many lifetime. Every spare fragment of the day finds italics, small capitals, and exclamation points." him out-of-doors quietly studying the aspects of England, reasonably anxious to secure and preserve earth and sky and the indications of animal life the shortest route to her possessions in India, and about him. In the woods and fields and on the pot justly chargeable with blame that she looked water he is equally at home, everywhere finding after the interests of her subjects who held the new facts to add to his stock of scientific knowledge. bonds of Egypt, did what it was right to do, and Every species of living creature, wild and domestic, what any power would have done in the same cir. attracts his attention; yet he seems to dwell most cumstances; she intervened, at the Khedive's upon the birds, perhaps because they are more urgent request, in the affairs of Egypt. All the common than other untamed things, and are more steps leading to and following this intervention, pleasing. The records contained in the present the story of Arabi's rebellion and of the opera. volume have been accumulated while boating on tions in the Sadan, are graphically described by Dr. Crosswicks Creek, the uppermost tide-water stream Bowen, who, while pointing out the mistakes made flowing into the Delaware river. They show what by the British Government, says that "never, since a mass of intelligence regarding the ways of nature his (Gladstone's) accession in 1880, has it been pos may be gathered within circumscribed limits, and sible or desirable for England to withdraw her in- how much and by what simple means the pursuit Auence from Egypt." Dr. Bowen's style is clear of such knowledge may minister to happiness and and strong, his grouping of facts admirable, his health. temper thoroughly judicial, and his history of the period covered by his monograph altogether the THE announcement of " The Story of Ancient most intelligent, impartial, complete and satisfac Egypt " by George Rawlinson, in the popular series tory of any account to be found in the growing of "Stories of the Nations" (Putnam), prepares literature of this question. the reader for a work of authentic merit, but not wholly for the charm which the book actually pos- MR. M. M. Ballor's volume bearing the title sesses. From the opening sentence, "In shape, ** Due North" (Ticknor) is a continuation of his Egypt is like a lily with a crooked stem," which notes of travel around the world, and a complement states a striking fact with simple grace, the narra- 24 [May, THE DIAL tive exercises a fascinating spell to its termination. which delves with a utilitarian object. His book It is a boon to have the dry materials of history brings together a mass of interesting details gathered moulded into a form animated with life and beauty. from myriad sources, and is useful as a manual for Mr. Rawlinson has the power to effect this transmu reference or as an incentive to a more thorough tation; and in no book of his bas he demonstrated | study of the lives of great inventors and the it more clearly. His knowledge of the subjects of influence of their achievements on the progress of ancient history is well known. It enables him to mankind. write of them from any point of view with the ease of utter familiarity; but the art of presenting their As effort to make a play-spell of the study of details in a pictorial light is a gift not to be ac- chemistry, in order to win children to a love of the quired. It is a native talent, and one of the science, has been made, and successfully, by Lucy choicest in the endowment of a historian. The M. Rider, in the juvenile named" Real Fairy Folks " series for which Mr. Rawlinson has prepared the (Lothrop). It is as charming as the brightest of present volume is enriched by the contribution. wonder-tales, while it is all the time telling & truthful story of the curious nature and behavior An almost ideal holiday is described by Mrs. of the atoms, alias “ Fairy Folks," which compose Anna Bowman Dodd in the book entitled "Cathe- the elements of the universe. The author has an dral Days" (Roberts Brothers). Six weeks of driving art of enchaining the attention of young minds over English roads in a private carriage, of ram. while teaching them serious truths, which is quite bling at will through cathedral towns and stopping equal to her knowledge of her subject. between-times at home-like English inns, constitute an experience that may be called paradisian. It Augusta LARNED's "Village Photographs" (Holt) was enchanting as Mrs. Dodd describes it, every are minute and carefully-wrought pictures of the particular being invested in reality or imagination life of a small rustic community which is removed with the felicity of a dream. The excursion was from the bustle and worry and excitement of the made by the writer and a single companion-her great eager world around it. The pictures are husband, as she leaves the reader to discover drawn with a clever hand which has noted every through the thinnest of disguises. Mrs. Dodd is feature of the quiet scenery and the passive exist- an amiable narrator, her only fault being a little ences that are essential concomitants in a rural excess in the flow of words, causing an uneasy fear town. The descriptive parts are delicately done, of final inundation. She mingles personal incidents and the portraitures are studies from nature. pleasantly with descriptions of scenery, architecture, and all else prominent enough to be worthy of por THE seven stories of "The Children of the trayal. Week," which are "truthfully set down by Wm. Theodore Peters, with pictures thereunto by Clin. MR. ERAstrs Wilson's “Quiet Observations" ton Peters," are brought out in dainty form by (Cassell) have filled an attractive nook in the Pitts Dodd, Mead & ('o. Author and illustrator have burgh Dispatch" for several years past. They have worked from a common motive, and the result is a dealt with the common topics of the hour, in a most charming book for little folks. plain, direct, pungent style, which hits the average apprehension effectively. They exhibit a clever diversity of form as well as subject, some being di- dactic, otbers partially epistolary, and others again LITERARY NOTES AND NEWS. colloquial, and linked together by the identity of the speakers introduced. A spice of wit, a spice of D. LOTTROP Co. will publish shortly “The Rus. common-sense, evident honesty of conviction, with sian Novelists,” translated from the French of E. veins of narrow reasoning, are blended in them, and M. de Vogüé. constitute a popular compound, amusing and not CoxxECTIOTT is the subject of the latest volume without profit to the daily newspaper reader. in the series of American Commonwealths." Prof. Alexander Johnston, of the College of New In the Rev. T. L. Bailey's ** Possibilities" Jersey, is the writer, (Lothrop) there are some hints regarding methods Tom MOORE'S * Epicurean," attention to which for making work a pleasure to children, which may has lately been revived by Mr. Haggard's " She," repay the practical reader for the perusal of a dull will be immediately issued in Henry Holt & Co.'s book. The author has not any of the secrets of "Leisure Hour" and Leisure Moment" series. the skilful novelist, but he has sage ideas about Miss Srsax FENIMORE ('Oorer's ** Rural Hours" the management of boys and girls in school, so na is published in a tasteful new edition by Houghton, to waken their minds to the rewards of study, to Mitllin & Co Its cover is decorated with fun. render them docile and diligent, and especially to dial surrounded by the motto “I mark only the develop a love for natural history. I'nfortunately, bright hours." he buries these ideas under such a load of prosy MR. BEN HER's one povel, “ Norwood." is just dialogue and prosier theology, that only here and issued in a new and cheaper edition, by Fords, there one will be resolute enough to dig down to Howard, & Hulbert This is the story for which them. Mr. Bonner, of the "Ladiger," paid Mr. Beecher MR. JAMES BURNLEY's compilation of facts re. $35,000 It had large sucres in that paper, and lating to ** The Romance of Invention" ('assell) | afterwaris in book form. is the product of industrious gleaning amid the Among the new publications of Thomas Whitta- records of the activity of the imagination beat toker arr * An Introduction to the Textual (riticism practical aims. The author does not evince enthu- of the New Testament," by Prof. B B Warteld; a siasın in his researches, but that plodding spirit Hebrew Grammar, by the Rev. W H Lowe, * The 1887.) 25 THE DIAL Growth of Church Institutions," by the Rev. Edwin Hatch; and “Sermons for Children," by Dr. Samuel Cox. The familiar imprint of White, Stokes, & Allen, New York, is to disappear from the trade. The business of the firm will, however, be continued by Mr. Frederick A. Stokes; while Mr. White and Mr. Allen go again into the publishing business, with the firm name of White & Allen. LITTLE, BRowx & Co. have just ready: * Through the Fields with Linnæus," a chapter in Swedish history, by Mrs. Florence Caddy: ('ycling," a new volume in the Badminton Library of Sports and Pastimes; a new edition of Kugler's * Italian Paint- ing;" and" Before Trial," by Richard Harris, barris- ter-at-law. A NEW volume by Edmund de Amiciis, “Cuore, an Italian Schoolboy's Journal," is just published by T. Y. Crowell & Co. Also, by the same firm, ** Sigrid," an Icelandic love-story, from the Dan- ish of Thoroddson; ** The Picture of Paul the Dis- ciple," by the Rev. H. R. Haweis; and a new and revised edition of Cushing's “Initials and Pseudo- nyms." A SERIES of small manuals called “Practical Les- sons in Nursing" is undertaken by J. B. Lippincott Company. The first volume is on “The Nursing and Care of the Nervous and Insane," by Dr. Charles K. Mills. It will be followed by “Mater- nity, Infancy, Childhood," by Dr. J. M. Keating; and "Outlines for the Management of Diet," by Dr. E. T. Bruen. HARPER & BROTHERS have just issued a memoir of Charles Reade, the joint work of the Rev. Compton Reade and Mr. Charles Liston Reade, two near relatives of the novelist. The volume is uni- form with Harper's library edition of Charles Reade's novels, and has for frontispiece an engrav. ing of the portrait which was bequeathed to the Messrs. Harper by Mr. Reade. PROF. F. MAX MULLER's latest work, “The Sci. ence of Thought," will be issued by Charles Scribner's Sons, in two volumes, at an early day. They announce also “ Word-Studies in the New Testament," by Dr. N. R. Vincent; "In Ole Vir. ginin," by Thomas Nelson Page; “Around the World on a Bicycle," by Thomas Stevens; " The Essentials of Perspective," by L. W. Miller; etc. THE success that Messrs. Putnam's Sons have met with in their republication of the works of American statesmen leads them to announce the writings of Washington, in twelve volumes, uni. form in style with the works of Franklin and of Hamilton, already issued. In a similar field, the complete works of Abraham Lincoln, in three or four octavo volumes, are announced for publication by the Century Co. Pror. H. C. Adams's new work, “Public Debts, an Essay in the Science of Finance," is just pub- lished by D. Appleton & Co. They issue, also, volumes five and six of Lecky's “ History of En- gland in the Eighteenth Century;" " John Sevier, the Commonwealth Builder," by Edmund Kirke; ** Roundabout to Moscow, an Epicurean Journey," by John Bell Bouton; and “Proverbs from Ply. mouth Pulpit," a volume of selections from the writings and sayings of Henry Ward Beecher. THE latest publications of Roberts Brothers in- clude: “Dante, a Sketch of his Life and Works," by May Alden Ward; “Dante and his Circle," a collection of lyrics translated in the original metres, by Dante Gabriel Rossetti,-new American edition, revised and re-arranged; the collected works of Dante Gabriel Rossetti, in two volumes, edited by W. M. Rossetti; a Life of Mrs. Siddons, by Nina H. Kennard, in the “Famous Women Series;" "Between Whiles," a collection of stories, by Helen Hunt Jackson; and a new edition for 1887 of Mr. Pascoe's "London of To-Day." The large space given by our monthly magazines to topics relating to the labor question show that these topics are paramount at present among serious questions of public interest. Thirty-five or forty years ago, as President F. A. Walker points out in an article on * Socialists" in - The Forum" for May, all the leading economists were declaring that "there was no social question, there could be no so- cial question;" whereas now they “fully admit that there is a social question, of a most vital character." President Walker writes, as usual, with admirable force and clearness. “The Forum," by the way, appears to be striving to occupy the place left va- cant in our magazine literature when the North American Review” renounced its honorable tradi- tions and sank to the level of a sensational monthly newspaper. The new edition of Browning, in course of publi- cation by Houghton, Mifflin & Co., fairly realizes the intention of the publishers to produce "a cor- rect, reasonably compact, and legible edition of Browning's remarkable works." It is printed from entirely new plates, and follows the latest London edition, revised and arranged by the author. Vol. I. contains Pauline, Paracelsus, Strafford, Sordello, Pippa Passes, King Victor and King Charles. Vol. II. contains Dramatic Lyrics, The Return of the Druses, A Blot on the 'Scutcheon, Colombe's Birth- day, Dramatic Romances, A Soul's Tragedy, and Luria. Volume III. contains The Ring and the Book ; Volume IV. Christmas Eve and Easter Day, with Men and Women, In a Balcony, Dram- atis Personæ, Balaustion's Adventure, Prince Ho- henstiel-Schwangau, and Fifine at the Fair. Two more volumes will complete the series. The fine steel portrait of Browning, in Vol. I., is from a re- cent and very satisfactory photograph. THE TEMPLE OF ALANTHUR, WITH OTHER POEMS. By ISAAC R. BAXLEY. Imo. Cloth, $1.9. * The story is wrought out with unmistakable poetic strength."-Buffalo Times. "There are many beautiful thoughts to be found in the volume."* -81. Paul spatch. ** His verses certainly are very beautiful, and there can be no question that he possesses genuine poetic faculty. ..The girl of vivid expression and a sweet sense of melody." Baltimore Nene. * Tbe poems in his little volume are of considerable merit."-Troy Time. ** Is as ambitious a volume of verse as the year is likely to give us."--Hartford Courant. * Mr. Baxley has given to it the full poetical fervor. Has the most quiet naturalness and grace." Nee York Times. * It would be impossible to deny merit in Mr. Baxley's book. ... His diction is good and he writes with apparent ense." - Boston Transcript. G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS, 2 and 29 West 23d St., NEW YORK. 26 [May, THE DIAL TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS. MAY, 1887. The Story of Ancient Egypt. By George Rawlinson, M.A. With the collaboration of A. Gilman, M.A. Illustrated. 12mo, pp. 408. “Story of the Nations." G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50. Baltimore and the 19th of April, 1861. A Study of the War. By G. W. Brown. 8vo, pp. 176. Johns Hop- kins University Studies. $1.00. Ancient Legends. Mystic Charms, and Superstitions of Ireland. By Lady Wilde ("Speranza"). To which is appended a chapter on "The Ancient Races of Ireland.” By the late Sir William Wilde. 2 vols., 16mo. Gilt tops. Ticknor & Co. $5.00. Anne Gilchrist. Her Life and Writings. Edited by H. H. Gilchrist. With a Prefatory Notice by W. M. Rossetti. 8vo, pp. 368. Scribner & Welford. $6.00. Memoir of Charles Reade. By O. L. Reade and the Rev, Compton Reade. 12mo. Portrait. Harper & Bros. $1.25. Memories of the Men Who Saved the Union. By Donn Piatt. 12mo, pp. 302. Gilt top. Portraits. Belford, Clarke & Co. $1.50. James Fraser, Second Bishop of Manchester. moir. 1818—1885. By Thomas Hughes, Q.C. 8vo, pp. 368. Portrait. Macmillan & Co. $4.50. Two Royal Lives. Gleanings at Berlin and from the Lives of their Imperial Highnesses, the Crown Prince and Princess of Germany. By Dorothea Rob. erts. With Portraits and Illustrations. 16mo, pp. 265. Gilt top. Scribner & Welford. $2.25. John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. By W. 0. Stod. dard. 12mo, pp. 358. Portraits. “Lives of the Presidents." White, Stokes, & Allen. $1.25. 0 . Acting and Actors. C. Coquelin. Harper. Apaches. Frederick Schwatka. Century. Baldness, Hats as a Cause of. Popular Science. Base-ball, New Rules of, Henry Chadwick. Lippincott. Benton, Thomas H. Melville W.Fuller. Dial. Birch, Harvey, and Enoch Crosby. Mag. Am. Hislory. Blanc, Louis. Karl Blind. Century. Books that Have Helped Me. John Bascom. Forum. Brown Thrush, A. Olive Thorne Miller. Allantic. Canada During the Victorian Era. Mag. Am. History. Caucasus. Through the Ralph Meeker. Harper. Chattanooga, Army of the Cumberland at. Centuru. Chattanooga Campaign, The. W. S. Rosecrans. Century. China and the United States. A. A. Hayes. Atlantic. Chinese Missions. E. A. Lawrence. Andover. College Fraternities. A. D. White. Forum. Color Line in Worship. Pearse Pinch. Andover. Comets and Meteors. R. A, Proctor. Popular Science. Corporations. R. T. Ely. Harper. Creation or Evolution ? W. D. Le Sueur. Popular Science. Dining room Mendicancy. J. Q. Howard, Forum. Dress and Undress. Julia Ward Howe. Forum. Duty. Decline of. G. F. Parsons. Atlantic. Emerson's Boyhood. J. E. Cabot. Atlantic. Executive Department, A New. W.F. Smith. Forum. Executive Responsibility. Century. Fergusson, James. Popular Science. Feudal System, The. G. B. Adams. Andover. Foods, Chemistry of. W.0. Atwater. Century. Forests, No. American. N. S. Shaler. Scribner. Franklin in France. F.J. Turner. Dial. French and English. P. G. Hamerton. Atlantic. Future Probation. T. P. Field. Andover. Gas, Natural. N. S. Shaler. Forum. Goethe and Carlyle. Sara A. Iubbard. Dial. Greek Question at Present. E. J. 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With Ten Maps by Professor Kiepert. 2 vols., With four maps. 1 vol., 16mo, $1.00. 8vo, $6.00. In a clear and concise style the author has given a re- "The most important event of the year, in the line of markably interesting account of this most important period of modern history. The political and social con. historical literature, is without question the appearance of this addition to Mommsen's History of Rome.”—The dition of Europe at the beginning of the sixteenth cen. tury, the civil wars and internal development of England Nation. "Prof. Mommsen's work goes further than any other during the reign of Henry VII., the more European policy of his successor with the alliances and rivalries of Henry extant, or now looked for, to provide us with a key to VIII., Francis I., and Charles V., the revival of classical the mediæval history of the Mediterranean world."--N.Y. learning, and the early Reformation are all vividly por- Sun. trayed. This volume fills the interval between “The “It is a complement to every book hitherto produced about ancient Rome. It is the first work, in any lan- Houses of Lancaster and York" and "The Age of Eliza- guage, which gives a perfectly clear, connected account beth," of the same series. of the vast provincial dependencies of Rome from the time of Cæsar to that of Diocletian.”-N. Y. Journal of 1 Epochs of Modern History. Oommerce. " It is a book which no other living scholar could have “ The volumes contain the ripe results of the studies of written."--London Academy. men who are authorities in their respective fields."-The "The book for which the learned world has been waiting Nation. for thirty years has come at last."-Macmillan's Magazine. Beginning of the Middle Ages-Normans in Europe, Agriculture in Some of Its Relations with Crusades-Early Plantagenets-Edward III.-Houses of Lancaster and York-Early Tudorg-Age of Elizabeth- Chemistry. Protestant Revolution - Thirty Years War - Puritan Revolution--Fall of the Stuarts--Age of Anne-Early By F. H. STORER, S.B., A.M., Professor of Agricul- ; Hanoverians-Frederick the Great-French Revolution tural Chemistry in Harvard University. 2 vols., Epoch of Reform. 12mo, $5.00. Seventeen volumes, 16mo. Price, per volume. $100. "The work combines very happily the statement of The set, Roxburgh style, gold top, $17.00. scientific principles with due regard for financial and other practical considerations; and it is written in an A Child of the Century. easy, popular style that should render its perusal most pleasurable for any intelligent agriculturist, however By J. T. WHEELWRIGHT. 1 vol., 12mo, cloth, $1.00; slight his acquaintance with chemical terminology. It is a very valuable work."-Cultivator and Country Gen. paper, 50 cents. tleman. " Mr. Wheelwright's novel is one of the most thor. "The work is so admirably full of experiment and sug. oughly enjoyable of the recent publications in the line of gestion, yet so simple, that we cannot but feel that its fiction. It is a well-drawn story of modern life, dealing contents have been too long kept from the public. It is largely with some of the political questions of the day, just such a book as the student of practical agriculture, and the characters are varied and interesting through: the amateur, or the farmer needs."-N. Y. Commercial Ad- out."- Boston Times. vertiser. " It is a particularly creditable piece of work, and Mr. HISTORY OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY. Wheelwright signs his name to one of the most enter. Descartes and His School. taining novels of the year."- Washington Capitol, By Kuno FISCHER. Translated from the Third and A ROMANCE OF MOUNT DESERT Revised German Edition by J. P. Gordy, Ph.D., Professor of Pedagogics in Ohio University. The Jesuits Ring. Edited by Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D. 1 vol., By A. A. HAYES. 1 vol., 12mo, cloth, $1.00; 8vo, $3.50. paper, 50 cents. " As done into good and clear English by Dr. Gordy, "Mr. Hayes has certainly well fulfilled one of the first it hag a combination of excellent qualities that can be duties of a romance writer, which is to tell an interesting found in no other similar work. It is at the same time story. He has ingeniously coinbined antique legend and exhaustive and not tedious, popular in the best sense of modern reality by a thread of connection between the the word, and yet accurate and scholarly-a thoroughly Jesuit settlement of Saint Sauveur and the contemporary readable, trustworthy and improving history of modern life of Bar Harbor, and by a device wbich is fanciful, but speculative thought."-Prof. George T. Ladd. not too fantastic, he has managed to carry the romantic **He is by far the best historian of modern philoso. quality al? through the diversified narration.”-N. Y. phy."-Boston Beacon. Tribune. Realistic Philosophy. AUTHORIZED EDITION. DEFENDED IN A PHILOSOPHIC SERIES. The Merry Men, and Other Tales and Fables. By JAMES MoCoss. 2 vols., 12mo. 1. Expository. 2. Historical and Critical. Each, $1.50. By ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON. 1 vol., 12mo, cloth, "This work is not unlikely to prove in the end the $1.00; paper (yellow covers), 35 cents. most useful, popular service which Dr. McCosh has “... There is a power of a grim sort on every page rendered to the cause of right thinking, and to sound of this curious story ("The Merry Men'), and there is a philosophy of life."--The Independent. vividness about everything in it which has no parallel "Its style is so clear and direct, its presentation of the outside of Wuthering Heights."-Richard Henry Stoddard. whole gubject is so natural and forcible, that many in N. Y. Mail and Express. persons who habitually ignore discussions of abstract “A wonderful collection of tales, recalling Poe, Haw. topics would be charmed into a new intellectual interest thorne, and Hoffman. There is no doubting the fact that by giving Dr. McCosh's work a careful consideration.”_ Mr. Stevenson is the one superior story.teller of the Y. Observer. world."-Hartford Post. These books for sale by all booksellers, or sent, post-paid, on receipt of price by CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 743-745 Broadway, New York. 1887.) 31 THE DIAL THE EAGLE PENCILS, ILLINOIS CENTRALR.R. EAGLE, No. 212, GOLD PENCILS Our FINE ARTS, ALL STYLES, ALL GRADES. IS THE GREAT THROUGH LINE BETWEEN THE ROUND AND HEXAGON NORTH AND SOUTH. With its THROUGH TRAINS of Baggage Car, Day Coaches and Pullman Buffet Sleepers between (PATENTED.) CHICAGO AND NEW ORLEANS, The Best Pencil for Free-Hand Draucing, School, Mer. 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Your attention is invited to the fact that in purchasing the latest issue of this work, you get A DICTIONARY Containing 3,000 more words and nearly 2,000 more illustrations than any other American Dictionary, A GAZETTEER OF THE WORLD Containing over 25,000 Titles, with their pronunciation and a vast amount of other informa- tion (Just Added, 1885), and A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY, Giving pronunciation of names and brief facts concerning nearly 10,000 Noted Persons; also various useful tables, ALL IN ONE BOOK. In the quantity of matter it contains, is believed to be the largest volume published. It has 3,000 more words in its vocabulary than are found in any other American Dictionary, and nearly three times the number of Engravings. PRICES AND STYLES OF BINDING. Besides the usual binding in fine sheep, the work is supplied in the following styles of extra binding: THREE VOLUMES, FINE CLOTH. FULL RUSSIA, MARBLE EDGE. Very desirable for portability. 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His stories have been felicitionsly characterized $1.00. is variant treatinents of the same motis. for which we The three volumes in a bar. I'niform binding. $3.00. feel no disposition to quarrel with Mr. Page, being enger to hear the tale as often as he may find ways to tell it, and grateful to him for such beautiful and faithful pic. tures of society now become a portion and parcel of the Irrevocable past"-Harper's Magazine. LATEST ISS l’ES. ROBERT GRANT. FACE TO FACE.... THE STORY OF A NEW YORK HOUSE. FRANK R. STOCK TOX. THE CHRISTMAS WRECK, and other Stories, . By H. C. BUXXER. Ilustrated by A. B. FROST. FRANK R. STOCKTON. 'THE LADY, OR THE TIGER Cloth. 12mo. $1.25. and other Stories, ..... . FRANK R. STOCKTOX. RIDDER GRANGE *It show, in every page a true artistic feeling. We . value it not only for the neatness and grace of the style, GEORGE W. CABLE. DR. SEVIER, .. but for the symmetry or the construction, just balance A. A. HAYES. THE JESUIT', Rixo, . . . . . . of sentiment, and an indefinable beauty of tone which is J. T. WHEELWRIGHT. A CHILD ON THE ('EXTERI, perfectly sustained from the first page to the last." the last 1 FRANCES HODGSOX BURNETT. TRAT LASS X. I. Tribune. O'LOWRIES, ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON.DE JERILL AND DR. SEVIER. MR. HYDE, .. . ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON. Kidnapret ::. By GEORGE W. CABLE. A new and cheaper edi. ROBERT LOIT TEVENSON. THE MERRY MEN, tion, uniform with ** Old Creole Days," and and other Tales and Fables. GEORGE PARSONS LATHROP. AN Echo Oy Pas. ** The Grandissimes." 1 vol. 12mo. $1.23. Also, SION, . . . in paper, 50 cents. GEORGE PARSONS L'ATHROP. NEWPORT. A Novei GEORGE PARSONS LATHROP. IN THE DISTANCE, * It is a story that deepens and brondens and lightens, ! J with an indescribable charm, over its deep study of i or DALE. GIERXDALE, AX OLD STORY, . BRANDER MATTHEWS. A SECRET OF THE SE human nature." - The Critic. and other Stories, BRANDER MATTHEW THE BUCHHOLZ FAMILY--Second Part. H. C. BINNER. IN PARTNERSHIP: Translated from the German. In two parts. Cloth. TIDIES IX STORYTELLING, . ANDREW CARNEGIE. AN AMERICAN Forrix 12mo. $1.25 each. HAND IN BRITAIX, ** The sketches are as graphic in their WAV 4* those of CAPT VIN ROLAND COFFIN. THE AMERICA'S CCP. Dickens. They are very entertaining."-Lindon fumar. Popular Books in Yellow Covers. “An original and delightful story." Cente. Illustrated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ** These loks for sale by all bwwkerllers, or sent, post-pard, on recript of price by CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 743-745 Broadway, New York. 34 [June, 1887. THE DIAL HAVE JUST PUBLISHED: D. APPLETON & CO. HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO.'S NEW BOOKS. 1. THE APPEAL TO LIFE. New Volumes Of LECK y's ENGLAND. A Volume of Sermons. By THEODORE T. MUNGER, D.D., author of “ T'he Freedom of Faith," “ On Lecky's History of England in the Eight-| the Threshold,” “ Lamps and Paths." $1.50. eenth Century. Volumes V. and VI. A book of remarkable interest, which appeals power. fully to that which is deepest and most vital in the experience and aspirations of mankind. The new volumes of Lecky's great work cover for England the period from the acknowledgment of the in. dependence of the United States in 1783 to the declaration of war with France in 1793; and for Ireland they include the early days of Grattan's Parliament and the founda. tion of the Society of the United Irishmen. One more volume will complete the work. Large 12mo, cloth. Price, $2.25 per volume. II. Roundabout to Moscow. An Epicurean Journey. By John BELL BOUTON, author of “Round the Block.” 12mo, cloth, ornamented cover, Russian title-page, 421 pages. Price, $1.50. “This genial book gives the first truly American view of the land of Nihilists and Novelists. The author ex. poses and play fully ridicules the current English mis. representations of Russia. His epicurean circuit for get. ting into and out of the empire includes nearly every country of Europe. He keeps on the track of all the comforts and luxuries required by Ainerican travellers. Tourists will find it a boon companion. But it is no less designed to please those who stay at home and travel only by book.” III. Jobn Sevier, the Commonwealth-Builder. A Sequel to “The Rear-Guard of the Revolu- tion.” By James R. GILMORE (Edmund Kirke). 12mo, cloth. Price, $1.50. John Sevier was among the pioneers who settled the region in eastern Tennessee. He was the founder of the State of Franklin, which afterward became Tennessee, and was the first Governor of the State. His innumerable battles with the Indians, his remarkable exploits, his ad. dress and genius for leadership, render his career one of the most thrilling and interesting on record. IV. An Index to the Works of Sbakspere. Giving references, by topics, to notable pas- sages and significant expressions ; brief histories of the plays ; geographical names and historical incidents; mention of all characters, and sketches of important ones; together with explanations of allusions and obscure and obsolete words and phrases. By EVANGELINE M. O'CONNOR. . Crown 8vo, 420 pages, half leather. Price, $2.00. There are a multitude of books on Shakspere's works. but the combination of information here presented is new, and hence it is believed it will prove of great value to all students and readers of Shakspere. HENRY CLAY. Vols. XV. and XVI. in Series of American States- men. By CARL SCHURZ. 2 vols. $2.50. Henry Clay was so conspicuous and fascinating a figure in American politics, and took a leading part in discus. sing so many important questions, that the story of his life is equally instructive and interesting. The signal ability of Mr. Schurz, his profound understanding of the principles, history, and public men of the United States, and his remarkable candor assure a work of unusuaj value. COLONIAL BALLADS, SONNETS, AND OTHER VERSE. By MARGARET J. PRESTON, author of “Cartoons," etc. 1 vol. 16mo. Gilt top, $1.25. Mrs. Preston holds an enviable place in the regard of thoughtful readers. Her elevation of purpose, her dig. nity and repose, give to her verse a character which commands respect, while her lyrical skill lends to it an attraction that wins admiration. This new volume find favor with all to whom poetry is a stimulus and a delight. CONNECTICUT. Vol. 10 of American Commonwealths. By ALEX- ANDER JOHNSTON, author of a “ Handbook of American Politics." With a Map. $1.25. Professor Johnston was for years a resident of con. necticut, and has written of the State from full knowl. edge of its history, institutions, and achievements in industry, commerce, education, and social life. WAS SHAKESPEARE SHAPLEIGH ? A Correspondence in Two Entanglements. Edited by JUSTIN WINSOR, Librarian of Harvard Uni- versity. 1 vol. 16mo. 75 cents. THE ENGLISH DRAMATISTS. THE WORKS OF JOHN MARSTON. Edited by A. H. BULLEN, B. A., of the British Museum. In three volumes, octavo. Cloth, $9.00 for the set; Large-Paper Edition, $12.00. competent editorial care this edition of Marston is worthy to be added to the volumes of English Dramatists previously issued in this form,- Marlowe in three volumes, and Middleton in eight. PHILLIPS EXETER LECTURES. LECTURES DELIVERED BEFORE THE STUDENTS OF PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY, 1885–1886. 1 vol. 12mo. $1.50. A volume of admirable addresses on various important subjects, by Rev. Drs. E. E. Hale and Phillips Brooks, and Presidents McCosh, Walker, Bartlett, Robinson, Porter, and Carter. BROWNING'S WORKS COMPLETE. An entirely New Edition from new electrotype plates, after the latest revised English Edition. In six volumes, crown octavo. Vols. V. and VI. completing the Edition. Gilt top, $1.75 a vol- ume; half calf, $3.00 a volume. The set com- plete, cloth, $10.00; half calf, $18.00. ** For sale by all booksellers. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price by the publishers. HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO., Boston. For sale by all booksellers ; or any work sent by the publishers by mail, post-paid, on receipt of the price. 1, 3, & 5 BOND STREET, NEW YORK. THE DIAL VOL. VIII. JUNE, 1887. No. 86. begun with Wyclif and Huss ; and although it had been to all appearance wholly sup. pressed, --so much so that we believe the CONTENTS. present volume contains no mention of the movement except in the first chapter, in the CREIGHTON'S HISTORY OF THE PAPACY. W. E. account of Bohemian affairs at the death of George Podiebrad,-it cannot be doubted that the later and triumphant movement derived CHARLES READE, NOVELIST. Joseph Kirkland . . 36 some of its strength from the earlier and un- TALKS ABOUT LAW. James 0. Piero...... successful one. The stream had not dried up, THROUGH THE FIELDS WITA LINN EUS. Emma but was running in a subterranean channel, W. Shogran......... ........ ready to rise again to the surface when the ROBERT BROWNING. Mdeille B. Anderson ...12 time should be propitious. But even if our definition of the Reformation period does not BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS ........... 3 extend back of the Reformation itself, it yet Hunt's Representative English Prose and Prose needs for its understanding a thorough survey Writers. Stevenson's Familiar Studies of Men and of the events and condition of things out of Books. Mrs. Kennard's Life of Mrs. Siddons.- which it grew. Benham's Dictionary of Religion. -Sander's Dic. As we have indicated, these two volumes tionary of Men and Women of the Nineteenth Cen. possess a certain unity in the period which tury.-Misy Le Row's English as She 1s Taught. they cover. They begin with the death of Miss Parry's Life Among the Germans.--Hitch. cock's American State Constitutions.-Mahaffy's George Podiebrad, and the apparent collapse The Story of Alexander's Empire. --Brodrick's of the Hussite movement in Bohemia ; they end with the year in which Luther began the History of the University of Oxford.-Moberly's The Early Tudors-Henrn's some Chinese Ghosts. Reformation in Germany-an event so obscure -Mrs. Jackson's Between Whiles.-Miss Ward's as naturally to find no place in the history of Dante.-Laurence Oliphant's Episodes in a Life the papacy in the year of its occurrence. of Adventure.-Knox's How to Travel. This half-century of undisputed supremacy, when one revolt had been suppressed and the LITERARY NOTES AND NEWS ... other has as yet shown no signs of its ap- TOPICS IN JUNE PERIODICALS...... proach, is the period of the deepest degrada- BOOKS OF THE MONTH ........... 49 tion of the entire history of the papacy. For if it sank as low morally in the tenth century, it did not at that time occupy so high a place CREIGHTON'S HISTORY OF THE PAPACY.* in power or in the estimation of men, and its Mr. Creighton's history of the papacy corruptions were neither so rank nor its dis- during the Reformation has now reached its regard of decency so ostentatious. In this period the papacy was completely secularized; fourth volume, and the commencement of the this spiritual power no longer made any effort Reformation. His fourth volume ends with or pretence to raise the world's morality to a the dissolution of the Lateran Council, March higher level, but itself sank consciously to the 16, 1517, and the author, as is natural, calls level of the world: and the world's level at attention (p. 235) to the irony of events in " that the Lateran Council should have been this epoch was that of the worst periods of pagan antiquity, still further depraved by the dissolved with promises of peace on the very verge of the greatest outbreak which had ever knowledge and pretence of a higher standard of conduct. threatened the organization of the Church.” In October of this year Luther nailed his It is with the name of Alexander VI. tbat the worst corruptions of this bad period are ninety-five theses to the church door at Wit- most completely associated. Mr. "Creighton tenberg, and a series of events began which is not, however, unduly severe upon him: nay, make this year one of the turning points in he even treats him with more lenity than the the world's history. Catholic historian Döllinger. We have no fault to find with an introduc- The familiar story of his having died from the effects of tion of such dimensions. In a very real point poison intended for his guests, he shows to of view, the Reformation may be said to have have no foundation. Others of the crimes at- • A HISTORY OF THE PAPACY DURING THE PERIOD OF tributed to him appear also to be unproved. THE REFORMATION. By M. Creighton, M.A., Dixie Pro. There still remain enough that are unques- fessor of Ecclesiastical History in the University of tioned; and the fact that these were believed Cambridge, eto. Vols. III. and IV., 1961-1518. Boston: Boughton, Mimin & Co. | shows of what he was deemed capable. But * . 48 36. [June, THE DIAL his vices were those of a strong man, who was the embodiment of an age which had no faith in virtue. “He had a large and strong nature, which he worked and directed to his purposes." He was “handsome, joyous and genial,” « ami. able and pleasant,” with “active brain" and " keen intelligence.” These qualities in a man who was a profoundly secular" and wholly de- void of conscience, result in a character un- surpassed for capacity of wickedness. And yet“ the exceptional infamy that attaches to Alexander VI. is largely due to the fact that he did not add hypocrisy to his other vices. But however much his own times may have forgotten that there was any meaning in the position of Head of the Christian (hurch, it is impossible for after times to adopt the same forgetfulness." (Vol. iv., p. 41.) If Alexander VI. was a very bad man, he was also a great man, and one who left a strong mark upon the history of his time. He is to be ranked with that group of great sovereigns, contemporaries of his, or nearly 80,--Louis XI., Henry VII., Ferdinand the Catholic,- whose reigns mark the transition from the dis- integration of the middle ages to the compact absolutism of modern times. The field in which Alexander worked was narrower, and, in this point of view, less conspicuous, and he did not live to finish his work. But he began the work which Julius II. completed, of central. izing the power and administration in the states of the church, and making the papacy for the first time a strong dynastic power. The sovereignty over these territories, first ob- tained by the great popes of the thirteenth century, was hardly more than a bare feudal suzerainty, until Cardinal Albornoz, in the pontificate of Innocent VI., forced the in. subordinate princes to submit themselves to a regular and effective supremacy on the part of the pope, one nevertheless which left the substance of power with themselves. Casar Borgia, the son of Alexander VI., took the next step, by removing there intermediate powers, and bringing the territories in question under his own rule. Perhaps it was the inten- tion to found an hereditary dynasty under the shadow of the papal see; Julius II. foiled this plan by ridding himself of the intermediary, and making the pope immediate ruler of his states. This series of events from a political point of view perhaps the most interesting of the period- is very inadequately treated in the volumnes before us. Mr. ('reighton shows a thorough mastery of his materials, and a clear and sober judgment. His style is somewhat licking in vivacity, and is at times diffuse - as is the excellent analysis of the character of Alexander VI., which is spread over many more pages than is neces. sary. W. F. ALLEN. CHARLES READE, NOVELIST.* The manufacture of novels has become one of the most absorbingly interesting subjects of public study. In these days, whenever a novelist dies his factory is thrown open to inspection, either by an autobiography like Trollope's or a memoir like that before us. Then non-writing readers flock in to the va- cant shop and gaze curiously on the compli- cated machinery, now silent and motionless forever. “Can this be the loom from which rolled that wonderful tapestry that held me spellbound so often and so long?" The biographer of Charles Reade is the Reverend ('ompton Reade-his coadjutor, Mr. Charles L. Reade, disclaiming any part in the work save the collation of materials. The memoir suffers terribly by being inevitably contrasted with Trollope's inimitable auto- biography. The nature of the work, the sub- ject, and the treatment, are all inferior. A certain naire silliness on the part of the tory chronicler keeps cropping out, and some of his literary blunders are irresistibly funny. He characterizes low-lived blackguardism as “a reptile whose heart is as black as its hunds." Then, speaking of (harles Reade's death, he says : " It came--and, by one of those strange coinci- dences which appeal so forcibly to those whose faith shines brightest, on the afternoon of Good FRIDAY." Oh forcible fecbleness! The “coincidence" of dying on Good Friday! Trollope's literary methods-so many words per hour and per day-seemed prosaic and me- chanical enough; but Reade's are still more so. The former showed the forced running of machinery, whereby warp and woof were woven together; the latter shows stacks and hoards of raw material, newspaper clippings, facts, pen-and-ink memoranda, and what not, laboriously amassed and classified for years, and at last perhaps “ worked in ”-more often left unused and forgotten. Reade seems to have been an egotist first of all; then a man of conventionalized ability, of kind heart, of blinding prejudices, of elastic principles, and, above all, of a pugnacious sen- sitiveness that was everlastingly getting him into the hottest of hot water. It throws a funny side light on the practical value of *higher mathematics" to note that this (am- bridge scholar of "honors" mathematical speaks more than once of losses in his dramatic speculations amounting to over tiro hundred Magialen (ollege, Oxford, is one of those • (HART IS ILYADE, DC.L. Dramatist, Sorelfal, Jour nalie Metall, emptial culetty from his lllonary rin ains, bs (iurle i.. Keasle and the key. Complon koule. Ars York Harper & Brothers 1887.] 37 THE DIAL almshouses for the rich which abound in En- | was buried by her side. The biographer (Rev. gland. Compton Reade) says everything in his power “ The revenues of the college . . . . twenty- to prove that their relations were purely pla- four thousand pounds per annum, of which Presi. tonic. He fails signally. It would perhaps dent Routh absorbed for his own share one-sixth, be too much to expect that he should quote the balance being distributed-on very uneven Reade himself on the point, as the question lines-among forty Fellows, thirty Demies. . . . could never arise—no occasion would be likely . . Needless to add, the forty Fellows, as the to call out an assertion, nor would it be con- ruling body, appropriated to their own use the lion's share, the Seniors being tenaciously careful clusive if it had been made. But it seems to of their own interests. ... This brings us to the average reader that some words the rever- the consideration of how these scholarships were end gentleman quotes to prove Mrs. Seymour's bestowed. There was ... no nonsense of orthodoxy in creed, indicate latitudinarianism merit about them. From any such taint they were in behavior. They are: “I robbed God of a as free as the most noble Order of the Garter.... saint, but not of a believer." . . . . His election as Demy had been protested Now for the more important matter-Reade's against on the ground that the Founder's Statutes enacted that the Demies should be poor scholars,' literary method and its result. He says (p. whereas he was the son of a man of ancestry and 285): estate. . . . . . . The college elevated the "Sometimes I say it must be dangerous to over- Founder's Statutes into a matter of principle, be load fiction with fact. At others I think fiction has cause they wished to manipulate estates to suit succeeded in proportion to the amount of fact in it." their own convenience and enrich themselves indi. His course tends to show that when he erred vidually." it was in the former direction. Probably no From this charity fund, Reade drew not fiction-writer who ever lived got together such less than $2,000 a year for the remaining fifty enormous and unwieldy masses of material. years of his life-$100,000 in all-for which Volumes upon volumes of scrap-books-piles he never rendered one particle of service of of portfolios of fact and history-the whole so any kind, unless we except assistance in de belabored and systematized that the indexes feating parliamentary efforts to abolish the and cross-indexes alone filled thirteen huge whole thieving job and use the money as the | tomes written in double columns. His desk donor had directed. What wonder is it that was an edifice and his reference books a library. he shared the disgusting English view of the From such a system sprang such novels as relation of meum and tuum as far as the rights might have been expected-fact-laden, wordy, of debtor and creditor are concerned ? A debt uneven, ill-constructed as works of mere fiction; is a misfortune and a dun is a bore. If, when yet, in their way, great. Great, that is, as factors I hold another man's money, he asks me for it, in the reformation of abuses (as those of prisons he insults me. and insane asylums), the exposing of social " It was impossible for the most self-assertive to ulcers (as the cruelties of trades unions), the take a liberty with him; and when, on an occasion, teaching of human bistory (as effected in “The a tradesman whose bill had remained in abeyance Cloister and the Hearth"), and, in short, the for some years, thought fit to relieve his pent-up forwarding of other aims toward which a feelings, . . . he repented his temerity." philanthropic novelist would be likely to direct Again, in the matter of " white lies " he be his efforts. The works sent forth with these trays an unpleasant obliquity of mental vision. worthy purposes are works of art; and their * Received the visit of Miss , a Yankee girl art goes to the extent of making them suffi- who wants to lecture here—I believe on Dickens. ciently full of human interest to carry the I was weak enough to be decoyed into a promise to reader's attention and sympathy. hear her lecture privately with a friend or two. Not Then there is a different strain of fiction so weak as to go though." which Reade took up as his first style and to To get through with Reade's personal char which he reverted after the production of his acteristics, before reviewing the biographer's most ambitious works. “Peg Woffington” account of the production of his plays and and “Christie Johnstone” were among his earli- novels, it may be well to look at the story of est, sweetest, and best. “ Love me little Love his relations with Mrs. Seymour. His Fellow me long,” “Never Too Late to Mend," " White ship would be forfeited' by marriage. Mrs. Lies," "Very Hard Cash,” « The Cloister and Seymour was an actress at the Haymarket, the Hearth," and “ Put Yourself in His Place," " above mediocrity,” and “ well-looking off the were his purposeful works. Then followed stage." Reade moved to her house, and after. “ Griffith Gaunt," "A Terrible Temptation," ward took her to his; introduced her to every and others, which may be taken as a return to body as his housekeeper; was never separated his earlier style, --constructed on fancy, not from her for the remaining nineteen years of fact. These ten are the most important of his her life; mourned her death as a fatal blow to | many publications, and they probably place his happiness; called her his " lost darling;" him at or near the head of the second-rate was never really himself after he lost her, and I novelists. 38 [June, THE DIAL ili Although dealing so largely with fact, Reade “Charles Reade beld her cheap, simply because fell just short of the glory of realism. He con he realized more acutely than the rest the inherent defect in her art; but it may safely be affirmed that structed everything that appeared. He lacked he would have passed her unnoticed but for the the docility which closes the eyes and ears to venal pæans that deafened his ears and aroused his all prejudice, to all objects that the author righteous indignation. Since then much has hap- might desire to attain, to all external influ pened, and George Eliot, her works and ways, may ences whatever, and simply watches what its be safely relegated to the judgment of the 20th characters will do and say of their own vo century." lition; and then faithfully puts those doings In "Griffith Gaunt," and still more markedly and sayings before the reader, unadorned, un in “A Terrible Temptation,” Reade over- disguised, and unvarnished. Lacking this stepped the boundaries which separate the humble docility, he cannot be placed among fiction of our tongue from the license of con- the first class of fiction writers, the latest and tinental writers. The main objection made to highest exemplars of literary progress. the first named book at the time of its publi- His own favorite field was the drama. He cation was its deliberate portrayal, with the always longed to see his fancies embodied on utmost detail, of the life of the hero as the the stage, and spent like water his time, his husband of two women at once ; loving them temper, and his money, in the effort to be a both in different fashions, but to an equal successful dramatist. It seems probable that degree ; and the final winning of him by one his dramatic experiments cost him as much, or of the women on her bearing him a child. nearly as much, as his literary labor earned, - This Reade defended with characteristic leaving his living expenses to be paid by his fierceness, on the score of dramatic necessity- college alms. This may be an overestimate, inventing the alliteration “ Prurient Prudes" for he received large sums at the height of his to fit his assailants. Good men accepted his success—$10,000 for “ Foul Play,” $7,500 for plea of dramatic necessity. Edwin Arnold “ Griffith Gaunt," and $3,000 for one edition wrote to him : (1,500 copies) of “A Terrible Temptation." "I found in it Nature. . . . . . I am no But the biographer speaks of “ vast losses by novel-reader, and in morals they call me a Puritan theatrical speculation, which he himself set -but I admire and marvel at your exquisite and down at an almost fabulous total.” Reade's most healthy story, which teaches the force of a true love over an unspiritual temperament." contact with the stage was doubly unfortunate in that he was absurdly sensitive to ridicule. But even if we admit his plea on the general “ Punch” travestied “Foul Play” under the issue, what can be said in defence of the par. name of “Chicken Hazard," and the poor suf- ticular offence of putting indelicate words into ferer could not be persuaded to look upon it as the delicate lips of maidenhood? Wbat mo. good-natured chaff, rather flattering than other- tive could there have been save the suggesting wise. He called it desecration of a work of of impure thoughts to the reader ? 'Tis but art. “He was hurt, far more so than when a straw, but it marks the drift of the current. they styled two of his works immoral.” Even Here is what the foolish biographer says about our American view of “Griffith Gaunt" his too partial biographer repeatedly speaks of him as hysterical" in his expressions when and the idiotic lawsuit that Charles Reade his feelings were touched. Reade would rather based upon it : rest his hope of immortality on his play "As it happened, the severer censors were found, not in Exeter Hall but in the l'nited States. There “ Masks and Faces" than on all his novels to- was a print, affected by Brother Jonathan, bearing gether. He was devoted to Ellen Terry and the romantic title • The Rennd Table.' This organ her sister Kate, to Henry Irving, to a dozen or of moral perfection elected to regard Griffith a score of other professionals -and yet he Gaunt' as a snake in the grass, and said as much; characterizes the theatre as “that den of lu or, rather, to be accurate, a good deal more. bricity." (Charles Reade rejoined with his normal pulverizing It seems almost incredible that the author fury, and, not content with having crushed his of both should put “ Masks and Faces" above butterfly with a brick bat, had recourse to legal proceedings. Here he was less triumphant. In “ The Cloister and the Hearth.” The latter the States'a verdict is said to depend on your work is his book of books. It lingers in the ability to procure a judge, and having secured that memory whence a thousand other novels have vantage, to attract the sympathies of u jury. The faded away. It has been called “the greatest former of these requirements could be met by the of historical romances," oftener perhaps than dodgery of your American Irizal representative, the “ Henry Esmond " itself. Reade thought that latter was a physical impossibility : George Eliot was moved to write “ Romola " The calibre of this writer can be fairly caused by the success of “ (loister and Hearth;" and by this specimen. he was not fond of that author. He calls her, Turning how to "A Terrible Templation." contemptuously, “ Georgy Porgy," and his bi- we come to a tale where the motive is bad. ographer (churchman always) of her: and the thing sought to be brought about is 1887.) 39 THE DIAL bad, and consequently the “dramatic necessi disclaimer Mr. Dole gives us simply “ Every ties" are no defence. Reade was appalled at Man his own Lawyer" in a new and more the storm he had raised, and denied the im gossipy form. The book covers too much putation against the virtue of his heroine; but ground to permit all to be well covered. Some bis denial was not received with credence; nor of the author's chapters, such as his com- bas he been forgiven-nor does he deserve to mentaries on “ Land Law," his brief notes on be so. It is evident that the fiction of our “Insurance," or his argument as to what the language must be more courageous hereafter law ought to be on the “ Divorce Question," than it has been heretofore, or it will lose its are not only readable and interesting, but may proud eminence and must take a retired place prove instructive to the general reader. Lim- in the hemicycle of letters. But its bounda iting himself to a few such topical essays, the ries, though broader, must be just as firmly author might have furnished us an American and unmistakably marked as ever. The glory book like the English one of Mr. Williams, of English fiction is its purity. Compared “Forensic Facts and Fallacies," (noticed in with that of France and Russia, it is in many | The Diaz, Oct. 1885). But not all of Mr. respects timid and conventional, narrow, back Dole's topics are susceptible of such treat- ward, stilted, and stunted; but it is cleanly. ment. Take, for instance, the subject of the Ours with its failings is better than theirs with real estate of Husband and Wife, the rules its faults. governing which in the various States differ so Reade's experiences are a fit guide and widely, and how inaccurate to state it as a uni. warning to the novelist of to-day ; showing versal American modification of the common as they do the limits of things that may be law, that “neither can give a clear title to real said. The test of “dramatic necessity” must estate without the signature of the other." be strictly construed and rigorously applied. There are many subjects chosen by the Joseph KIRKLAND. author, upon which generalization would be seriously misleading. For example, his ac- count of the beginning of a civil suit at TALKS ABOUT LAW. common law, by placing a writ for service in the hands of an officer, whose “first act is It is evidently the ambition of Mr. E. P. ordinarily an attachment of the defendant's Dole, while he disclaims “the delusive pre property or an arrest of his person," would tence of qualifying every man to be his own be of little value to a reader of any class in any lawyer," to give valuable information, upon of the numerous “ Code States," so called. The many legal subjects of practical importance, author has “taken great pains to make the to a large class of readers of general intelli work accurate as far as it goes.” He affirms gence. Accordingly he presents us with of the sovereign right of Eminent Domain, forty-three chapters of popular commentaries, that “in many cases the United States can or talks, occupying several hundred pages, exercise it only through the agency of State upon numerous subjects, pertaining to Pro Legislatures;" forgetting that in the Cincin- cedure, the Domestic Relations, Contracts of nati Post Office case, in 1875, the United States various sorts, and the Criminal Code; includ courts, exercising original jurisdiction of the ing dissertations on Bailments, Corporation condemnation proceeding, said of the respect- Law, Commercial Paper, Insurance, etc. It ive Federal and State Governments, “ Neither will be seen that this is no small ambition. is under the necessity of applying to the other The author aims to "give the non-professional for permission to exercise its lawful powers." reader, in a simple way, such general informa Again, "to speak with entire accuracy," he in- tion upon this most interesting and important sists that "no corporation, public or private, subject as all intelligent persons are expected can take land in the sense of acquiring a title to have in regard to other subjects;" this be to it in fee-simple." The fact is, that Ten- cause, so far as he knows, “nothing of the nessee has, through the exercise of eminent kind has ever been published.” This is more domain, given the fee in lands to several rail- than Kent or Story ever aimed at. How can roads, and that the fee is now given in Cali- it reasonably be expected that non-professional fornia for public buildings, in Minnesota for readers can acquire a useful smattering of State institutions, and in Virginia and West much of the Law, when erudite professionals Virginia for various purposes; and doubt- find themselves able to become familiar with less the Government took the fee in the Cin- only some special department or departments, cinnati Post Office case. He avers that “as and but few close students of the Law can a rule, one who is injured while unnecessarily acquire even a general knowledge of all its travelling on Sunday can maintain no action branches? The truth is, that in spite of his for damages;" a rule peculiar to New England, though not universally followed there, and • TALKS ABOUT LAW. A Popular Statement of what Ogr Law is and how it is Administered By Edmund P. which was repudiated in New York, in Car. Dole Boston: Houghton, Mimin & co. roll's case, in 1874, and is generally rejected 40 [June, THE DIAL outside of New England. The author is talk. and landscape. Any good Swede will resent ing to a New England audience again when, having the world believe that young boys in in discussing the liability of public corpora Småland run about in a garb fit only for a tions, he says that cities and towns are not masque or merry-andrew scene. liable for accidents upon free highways or The plan of the work is fascinating. As bridges, unless made so by statute; a rule this bright writer follows Linnæus in his four peculiar to his own section. These are such tours through Sweden, she shows us many defects as may very naturally pertain to any vivid panoramas --- from Lapland, with its attempt to accomplish the great task, which lakes, flowers, and golden summer nights, to this book essays, of instructing the many in a southern woodlands where the nightingale large number of the intricacies of the Law. If dare venture. No chapter is richer than that such a scheme were practicable, Mr. David on Öland and Gothland, with their runic Dudley Field would have no occasion or ex stones, crumbling cloisters, wealth of witch- cuse for urging upon the American Legisla craft, and rare flora. Too hasty deductions tures the adoption of his new Civil Code. concerning the customs and people are, per- Unfortunately, there is neither a royal nor an haps, occasionally drawn; but the narrative is easy road to a familiar acquaintance with the all well told. Not once does interest flag; and Law. JAMES 0. PIERCE, the two volumes seem too short, so fresh, spicy and enjoyable are they. Not very often does the list of new books give us anything about THROUGH THE FIELDS WITH LINNAEUS. the far North ; and this work will be wel- comed both for its biography of a great man The two handsome volumes before us are and for its pretty glimpses of Swedish life and redolent of fresh northern breezes and seem landscape. It is a fit companion to that charm- wreathed with the dainty Linnra borealis. ing and romantic work, “The Times of Lin- From the country parsonage in Småland, næus," by Prof. Topelius. where Linnæus was born, the author has fol. | Some blemishes mar the pages at intervals. lowed the course of all his wanderings, and Quotations are so numerous as almost to weary. given us as a result not merely a book of Browning, Kingsley, Carlyle, we meet con- travels, though as such it is excellent. We tinually; while lesser lights flash between. are shown those northern cities, villages, There is a tendency to the use of coined or rivers, forests, waterfalls, churches, people, eccentric expressions; as wben we are told of and lonely wilds, not only as they are to-day, a “rare-in-the-world plant.” Sometimes we but as Linnæus saw them; and we are given feel the writer has gone out of her way to put his own remarks and pen-pictures of them. in a fact that fitted a quotation from some All of this, however, is skilfully made sub pigeon-hole. Not much deference is paid to servient to the predominant motive of telling the reader's power of inference, and the foot. the story of his life, which stands clearly out notes are at times a bore. Exclamation points lined against the ever-shifting and rich scenic too often startle one with an uncomfortable background. The work is not only one of accusation of not having fully realized the consummate interest but also of approved force of the preceding words; and adjectives authority, since it shows careful research like “awfully” and “dreadfully" spoil some among the papers, correspondence, and col. otherwise pleasant passages. There seems to lections of the great naturalist. Scientific be an error in calling Majanthemum bifolium accuracy has been made a chief aim, and a Lily of the Valley (vol. I., p. 22; vol. II, p. hence the work is of double value to the stu 180); and there are some inaccuracies in the dent of natural history. use and spelling of Swedish words. Good taste Very inviting is the appearance of these is violated by repetition of certain rather volumes, with their uncut edges and clear striking terms. We do not like to have the type. The cover presents a graceful design foundations of the houses spoken of as “('y. of the trailing plant Linnara borealis, which, clopean" more than once within a few lines; with its pairs of nodding roseate bells, was nor to see the Vener always called melancholy; Linnæus's favorite. Two fine maps of Sweden nor to note several similes about the "ink of are an admirable feature; but it would have the country," etc. been better to dispense with the six illustra. The youthful Linnus was preeminently a tions, in one of which we see the statue of flower-loving boy, and to so great an extent Linnæus through an appalling jungle of towers that it was feared he would prove naught but In the landscapes, all the people are counting a werd in the world. Witness the amusing stamens and petals; while the piece called certificate from the Wexio gymnasium, that “Linnæus in Smaland" is a libel on both bero embodied what of credentials he had to present on entering the university: • ThrorGH THE FIELDS WITH LINNS A Chapter in Swedish History. By Mr. Florence (addy 1727 Youth at mbool may be comparrd to 11 two volumes. Boston Litte, Brown & Co. I shrubs in a garden, whub will sometimes, though 1887.] 41 THE DIAL rarely. elude the care of the gardeners ; but, if | The number of students increased by hun- transplanted into a different soil, may become fruit dreds. His pupils were so inspired with his ful trees. With this view, therefore, and no other, scientific ardor that they went forth to study the bearer is sent to the university, where it is pos. flowers from the regions of ancient Cathay to sible he may meet with a climate propitious to his the new Occident, from the Levant to the progress." Both of Sweden's universities now boast the coasts of Africa. “The garden of Upsala memory of his connection with them; but in was the rallying-point of all.” Here began his extraordinary work of authorship. truth the climate of neither was very propi- Volume after volume came from his pen, tions to the young Carl. At Upsala, actual till his works numbered one hundred and starvation threatened him. But his friend Artedi and himself—“two ragged students” eighty. Well he knew how to utilize Sweden's long summer days and winter nights. - portioned out “the animal, vegetable, and A notable characteristic of Linnæus is his mineral kingdoms between them; dividing, as the Romans had done, the domination of the untiring endeavor to apply his knowledge to world." Both had faith in themselves, and the economies of life, and that in his own country. His biographer happily says: longed for the hour of encouragement and advancement of scientific research. After “Linnieus thoroughly devoted himself to weary months, the ardor of Linnæus, his col- Sweden, and to showing what could be done lections, his thesis on the sexes of plants and and grown there. This is why he is a great his enthusiastic defence of the same, electrified man, and why I write his life and admire him." Yet none the less were his labors the vegetating scientists at the university. universal. The nomenclature of science Under some protests and jealousies, he was made adjunctus to the professor of botany. which he introduced was a grand revolution. This study had before been almost nominal; Note an example: but now the botanical lectures became the “The species of grass which used to be called Gramen crampelinum Miliacea practenuis ramo- talk of l'psala." He charmed with his instruc- tion. “They relished it," says Mrs. Caddy, saque sparsa panirula; side Xerampelino congener arvense destirune gramen minutissimo semine, he "as our generation has enjoyed receiving light called simply Poa bulbosa,” at the hands of Ruskin." The overabundance of time of the middle But the light of Linnaus must not be per- ages still lingered, but the new era was too mitted to shine too brightly. Envy and dis- busy to keep on weaving a web of intermina- like lurked in the shades and miasmas of old ble names. Eternal gratitude to the one who customs and theories. He, an undergraduate, cut the warp and started anew with a simple was forbidden to lecture. Thus, deprived of design. means of sustenance, he was obliged to leave Much is to be learned from the record of such Upsala, and went abroad. Here his genius a life, and there are invigorating lessons in these was first truly recognized. In Holland he pages-lessons to be found in the energy and came in contact with learned men, who loved methods of Linneas. Intense patriotism di. science and admired the young Swede. Rich, rected his works, and he felt no desire to leave too, they were. “Never had he met with a his native winters for climes more favorable sort of life so tucked in with velvet curtains, to his specialty. Nor did oneness of aim make such sumptuous appearances of equipage and him narrow. On the contrary, it decided the well-laid table.” Here was congenial work. lasting value of his work. The northern He planned gardens, revised scientific works, mountains reflected early the morning flush arranged herbaria, secured erotic novelties, of science, and Linnaeus is chief of a brilliant visited England to break lances with her | circlet of names that flash in its light. botanists, wrote several works of his own, and I “Lindrus has been as a dried flower to this gen- for four years talked Latin. He said he never cration-a dry and dusty thing, with color lost and had time to acquire a new language. Love form flattened, spoiled. In our meagre idea of his of home and of its beautiful mother tongue at system-as merely a scaffold, now removed to show length drew him northward. But he did not the solidity of some grand structure behind it find his country waiting to honor him. The we have neglected him who was really the archi- tect of the beautiful temple of natural history world, however, was awakening to his great- that we respect but care very little about. It was Dess. This books startled naturalista, either to he who first planned- -on paper for the world, and adopt or to repudiate his theories. He was in practice for his own country that science of assailed and ridiculed; but he kept his temper | insentient things, as well as of all the exquisite and his views. | lesser life around us, and the application of that Eventually the goal of his life, the goal he i science to the well-being of man, that has since so long had aimed at, was reached: the pro- been worked out on his plan and foundation by fessorship at t'psala. Henceforth he could Ja men able to carry forward his ideas." work and teach from a place of authority. ! Emma W. SHOGREX. 42 , THE DIAL JUDO[, JuneROBERT BROWNING.* Lovers of Browning ought to feel indebted to the great Boston publishing house for placing within their easy reach this compact and legible edition of all the poetical and dramatic work of this prolific poet, from “Pauline” (dated 1832) to the “Parleyings” (1887). This edition is worthy, in every respect, of being placed beside the well-known “Riverside Edition” of the British Poets ; indeed, many will prefer the present volumes on account of the superior quality of the paper. Such an edition as this may be ex- pected to attract many American readers to the earlier works of a poet whose recent pub- lications do not fairly represent him. It may be doubted whether any other equal number of volumes of contemporary poetry contain so much entertainment for the reader that finds entertainment in reflection. It seems, therefore, a fit time to make an appraisal of the poet, based upon a wider survey than can be gained from any single one of his works. What is Robert Browning's poetical lineage ? With respect to a writer so thoroughly original the question is a very difficult one. He has a peculiar tang traceaýle in no earlier poet, least of all in Shelley, whom he most frequently mentions as his master. Browning frequently refers to Shelley in a way that leads one to surmise that Shelley did for him what “ The Faery Queen” did for Cowley,-made him “irrecoverably a poet.” The parallelism, both of likeness and of contrast, between Brown- ing and Shelley is singularly fascinating,—the more so inasmuch as the relationship is in no wise one of accent or garb, but is the far deeper one of spiritual kinship. Perhaps their most obvious point of resem- blance consists in this : both are as far as pos- sible removed from the conventional and the commonplace, and afford, therefore, for genu- ine souls, a delightful refuge from false society and spurious sentiment. In most British poets, the average Englishman—that complacent being so unlovely to all eyes but his own-is remarkably strong. It is the very great merit of these two poets that in them this flavor of the cockney and the cad is not present. They were saved from becoming impregnated with this flavor by the kindly fate that made them both lovers and haunters of Italy, that most ideal of the kingdoms of this world--that land to which the poet and the artist are drawn as the sparks fly upward. Apart from this, how different the circumstances of their residence in Italy ! Shelley attended by companions incapable of understanding him and who would fain make him over in the image of the world; Browning in the felicity of perfect union with a kindred and equal spirit. In the outward circumstances of their lives, indeed, the contrast between the two poets is marked and, to the lover of Shelley, pain- ful. These circumstances have enabled Brown- ing to become the most discursive, wide- ranging, and cultivated of modern poets since Goethe. At a time when Arnold is conten- tiously cosmopolitan, Swinburne rebelliously radical, Tennyson contentedly English, Brown- ing is calmly and sedately universal. He is more Italian than English, more Greek than Italian, more Browning than Greek. He has the art of taking to himself all modern knowl- edge, as the ocean takes all the rivers of the world without becoming swollen or losing its pungent and wholesome salt. The cultivated and well-read Browning is everywhere Brown- ing, just as unmistakably as the uncultivated Whitman is the average American plus the accident of genius. Whitman is extraordinary by presenting a common type in an uncommon capacity; in Browning the type is as unique as the capacity. Being the most highly cultivated and the most discursive, Browning is the most thoughtful and thought-stirring of contemporary poets. In these respects, he gains very much by contrast with his master, Shelley. Shelley's mental alti- tude is as far as Browning's from that of the vul- gar, but Shelley's weak-winged fancies, like his own skylark, flutter above us rather than uplift us. On the other hand, Browning's imaginative wings are strong enough to carry us whither- soever the magician will, for they are ribbed like Burke's with the steel and whalebone of fact, science, and experience. Both Shelley and Browning are often read without being understood, but by reason of opposite qualities. Shelley is pure music or picture, and when the music dies away or the picture fades one straightway forgets it as one forgets one's image in a glass. The airy dream has vanished like sunlight from the water; no trace re- mains. In Browning, too, there is music and light and imagery, but all this plays upon the surface of a thought as subtle and profound as that of a philosopher. His thought must be encountered with alert faculties and agile mental action in order to be caught and mas- tered. Browning is, therefore, no amusement for the listless or the fatigued. If he dispels las- situde, it is by arousing the soul to the lithe activity of the tiger, or by stiffening the mental sinews to the iron pose of the expectant gladia- tor. He is the equal companion of the best minds in their untrammelled moments of joyous activity; he incites to generous emulation of his own abounding life. Browning fills with * THE POETIC AND DRAMATIC WORKS OF ROBERT BROWNING. In Six Volumes. Riverside Edition. Bos. ton: Houghton, Mimin & Co. 1887.) 43 THE DIAL new wine but never intoxicates, he fatigues BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS. but never enervates, he puzzles but never be- Pror. Hunt's “Representative English Prose numbs ; he renders the reader thoughtful and and Prose Writerg" (Armstrong) is a book to sad but never despondent and hopeless. There which it is extremely difficult to do justice in a has been a poetry of despair ; Browning is the paragraph. It is one of those books that keep the poet of exhilarating and abounding hope. Not reader continually rubbing his eyes. The table of that he shrinks from darkness and misery, contents well indicates the plan of the book and but that he sees these to be local, while light one of the peculiar features of its style. Three main divisions of the work are indicated, as fol. and blessedness are universal and all-envel- lows: Part I., Representative Historical Periods; oping. Part II., Representative Literary Forms; Part III, As Professor ('orson remarks in his useful Representative Prose Writers and their Styles. * Introduction to the Poetry of Browning," the It will be noted that the word "representative" is inner relationship between our poet and Shelley made to do yeoman's service, and it is amusing to is as good as divulged by the former in his recall that there emanated last year from another professor in the same college a somewhat ambitious essay on Shelley. "I would rather," says Brown- book entitled “ Poetry as a Representative Art," in ing, “ consider Shelley's poetry as a sublime which the principle of representation was allowed fragmentary essay towards a presentment of as little rest as the bewildered reader. In brief, the correspondency of the universe to Deity, there is in the book before us a certain affectation of the natural to the spiritual, and of the actual of scientific method and precision--an affectation to the ideal, than I would isolate and separately which it were harsh to term pedantry but which appraise the work of many detachable portions leads the reader to entertain hopes not justified by the author's performance. Another fault of the which might be acknowledged as utterly per- book, and the chief one, consists in the obscurity, fect in a lower moral point of view under the the inelegance, and the occasional slovenliness of mere conditions of art." He further remarks the style,-characteristics surprising and almost of Shelley that " he sees not as man sees but un pardonable in a text-book in literary criticism. as God sees.” If it be admitted that in Brown. | The author says very truly: "Literary creation of ing there is this same endeavor to exbibit the product [sic] is far more than mere literary criti- correspondency between the actual and the cism. English Prose Style, as studied in English ideal and to regard human affairs from a Prose authors, will conduce alike to skill in criti. cism and the higher skill of personal authorship." higher angle of vision, then the wide divergen- Pity the author's own style could not be made to cies between the two poets as to method and support and illustrate the principle to which he manner disappear in the essential oneness of here gives such clumsy expression! Surely, to use their aim. Browning deals chiefly with the the severe epithet applied by Matthew Arnold to a real world; Shelley with the ideal. Browning certain defect of the Germans, there must be dwells habitually upon the solid earth which "something splay" about the mind of a literary he treads with the firm step of an accomplished critic of learning and acumen and Professor Hunt man of the world. He knows the tangle of has both-who can present to the public a text- book in style swarming with sentences as bad as human society down to its minutest interlace- the following concerning King James's version of ments, and can show us that the web is here the Bible: * Viewed as a version, or translation, and there streaked with golden threads reach purely in its human aspect, as an example of En- ing off beyond eyeshot-perchance to the gar glish speech, it undoubtedly stands all through ment of God himself. Browning, too, has English literary history, and, more especially, in the freedom of the ether where Shelley soars, this era, as the leading agency of all others." The but Browning is more companionable and is closing phrase is a favorite one with this writer: thus, he says Carlyle's ruling passion was to find therefore more likely to give to ordinary men and utter the one right truth of all others." impulses to climb the golden ladders of poetry. The inadequacy of this work in the important ele- Browning may be compared to a rapid river ment of style is the more deplorable inasmuch as it that turns not one wheel the less, irrigates no has other excellent and even sterling qualities. The lexy efficiently a single farm, because it sings author's reading has been wide and he exhibits, in as it flows through the haunts of men; while general, sound judgment and catholicity of taste. Shelley is like the vast cloud-reservoirs that The catholicity is, indeed, often at the expense of the judgment, as where he compliments Burke by feed the sources of the stream,-reservoirs saying that his finest descriptions "' take their place none the less inexhaustible for their gorgeous as literary efforts by the side of Hugo's Waterloo or architecture of dawn-painted battlement and Wallace's Vesuvius; " or where he informs his under- pinnacle. Nor should the comparison be graduate student that ** Macaulay was the Lombard pushed beyond its limits so as to intimate that of his age;" or where he remarks, referring to Addi- Browning is diluted and Shelley vaporous; it son, -** Macaulay and Dickens have written better is enough to suggest the poetical paternity of because he wrote so well." The twelve " repre- the later poet by saying that Shelley, the sentative prose writers" selected for treatment are Bacon, Hooker, Milton, Swift, Addison, Johnson, soaring cloud, is condensed in Browning, the Burke, Lamb, Macaulay, De Quincey, Dickens, Car- singing river. lyle. It is hard to understand why so hasty and MELVILLE B, ANDERSON. careless a writer as Dickens should have a place 44 [June, THE DIAL. here, to the exclusion of artists like Fielding, Scott, scarce written ten sentences since I was introduced George Eliot, Hawthorne; and the author ought to him, but his influence might be somewhere de- really to append a leaflet explaining his extraor tected by a close observer.” dinary choice of Charles Lamb, the only, as a “rep- resentative writer.” The book needs thorough Mrs. Nina A. KENNARD's sketch of Mrs. Sid- revision, of which its wealth of well-arranged and dons, in the “Famous Women" series (Roberts), tabulated critical material makes it eminently adds some interesting particulars to our previous worthy. Unfit as it is, in its present state, to be knowledge of this gifted actress. Since the publi- placed in the hands of pupils, it is really read cation of Campbell's well-known biography, many able and instructive, and is not ill suited to the valuable reminiscences of her public and private needs of the private reader who is looking for a clue | life have been given to the world by her friends to the labyrinth of English books. As it contains and admirers. These, with the letters of Mrs. Sid- few illustrative quotations from the authors treated, dons, have afforded material for Mrs. Kennard it should be read with their works close at hand. which Campbell did not command or lacked the skill to appropriate. It is a hard matter to present THE American audience of Mr. Robert Louis an adequate idea of the art of an actor, which is so Stevenson is constantly increasing in size, and one transient in its effects and so eludes the capacity of by one his less familiar works are being reproduced language to describe. Yet this is offset, in some meas- on this side of the Atlantic. The latest volume to ure, by the multitude of dramatic incidents which be thus reprinted is the “Familiar Studies of Men beset the actor's life and intensify the impression of and Books” (Dodd, Mead & Co.), which is perhaps his peculiar talent and personality. There must be a the author's most serious contribution to literature. large draft made upon the imagination of one who In point of style, these essays are, of course, above | endeavors to recall the image of Mrs. Siddons as ordinary criticism. But what is even more valuable she appeared on the stage in the prime of her power about them than their diction is their admirable and fame; still the results are not unsatisfactory sanity. The author has a healthy instinct for every with the helps afforded by her contemporaries. thing that is fine in life or thought, and no conven A beautiful women of stately grace, trained from tions blind him in his appraisements. Nor does he infancy for her vocation, rising from the lowest allow his personal preferences to bias his judgment. walk-that of a strolling player, a vagabond actor, He gives us some notion of the debt he owes to to the highest rank in her art and in society, Whitman, in a few prefatory remarks; but in his haughty in spirit, rigid in virtue, faithful to duty, essay upon that poet he does not refrain from con- | loving by nature, stern from experience: these are sidering him in his character of the Bull in the | the elements which we are to mould into the form of China Closet as well as in his character of the poetic the great woman who stands unrivalled, unmatched, interpreter of democracy and the life of the natural in the annals of the English theatre, except by her man. The essay on Victor Hugo's romances is, again, immediate predecessor, Garrick. Mrs. Siddons highly appreciative, but there is no lack of dis- belongs inseparably to her time. Were she to re- crimination in its praise; it occupies the juste milieu appear on the stage of our day, her personal beauty between Swinburne's overburdened eulogy and | and the grandeur of her style would still be impos- Myers's brilliant but carping and unsympathetic ing; but the stiff and stilted airs belonging to her estimate. With the two essays already mentioned school would offend our modern taste. We demand we would class that upon François Villon, the three the realism of nature. She was encompassed with being models of what essays ought to be; sympa the artificialities of her generation. Yet, despite thetic, but not blindly so; resolutely, but not ob all this, her genius touched the souls of her hearers trusively, unconventional. There are seven essays and overpowered them with emotion. Was Mrs. besides these, each with its peculiar charm. Burns Siddons à greater artist than Rachel or Bernhardt? and Thoreau, Pepys and John Knox, Charles of The question cannot be answered; but her memory Orleans and' Yoshida-Torajiro, are the persons as woman and actress will long endure. treated. The last-named gentleman was a patriotic young Japanese, whose pathetic story is told in such Two IMPORTANT encyclopædic works are just å delightful manner that it will not be the fault of issued by Cassell & Co.,-"A Dictionary of Re- Mr. Stevenson if his name does not become, as the ligion” and “A Dictionary of Men and Women of author thinks it should, “a household word like the Nineteenth Century." The first, which is that of Garibaldi or John Brown." The essay on edited by the Rev. William Benham, F.S.A., gives Pepys is à propos of Mr. Mynors Bright's edition, information regarding all Christian and other and in it the following just remark is made, among religious doctrines, denominations, sects, heresies, others: “We may think, without being sordid, ecclesiastical terms, history, biography, etc. The that when we purchase six huge and distress | biographical articles in this work are exclusively of ingly expensive volumes, we are entitled to be deceased persons. An attempt has been made to treated rather more like scholars and rather less describe the various sects and denominations as like children." Mr. Bright is one of the large they themselves would desire; and in this, as in class of over-scrupulous editors who mutilate the difficult matter of treating the various questions classical texts out of consideration for the Young agitating the religious world, as much fairness and Person. The spirit in which Burns is treated may charity are shown as could reasonably be expected be illustrated by this remark: “It was with the from the standpoint of the work, which is that of profoundest pity, but with a growing esteem, that orthodox Christianity. The various contributors I studied the man's desperate efforts to do right; seem in the main to strive to write in an informa- and the more I reflected, the stranger it appeared tive rather than dogmatic spirit. A controversial to me that any thinking being should feel other- element occasionally creeps in, and statements are wise." How sympathetic is the study of Thoreau sometimes made to which opponents would doubt- may be seen from this bit of confession: “I have less take sharp exception. But something of this 1887.] 45 THE DIAL is no doubt inevitable in such a work. In fulness was transferred, by a stroke of good fortune, into a and comprehensiveness, as well as literary work family of the higher class. Here every facility was manship, it is the best book of its kind that we enjoyed for acquiring a thorough knowledge of the are acquainted with.—The second of the two language and customs of the German people. Eager works named is an extensive dictionary of recent to learn, she missed no opportunity to study their and contemporary biography, including celebrities inner as well as their outer life, and, showing a from all parts of the world, whose careers belong hearty appreciation of all that was new and inter- wholly or in part to the present century. The esting, however peculiar, many opportunities for book thus fills a very important place as a work of observation were afforded her which are not com- reference. Its scope is broad enough and its space monly to be had. Of the impressions thus received ample enough to include, besides mere biographi she writes unaffectedly, and, it would seem, in such cal details, some account of the more important order as they happen to occur. Each chapter is occurrences with which the subjects are intimately crowded with matters of interest. In one, life in connected. Thus, under the caption “Egypt, the the pension and the habits of foreign students are Khedives of,” we find a valuable resume of the described; in another, the ways peculiar to the Ger- events that have recently taken place in that man home; in another, the sphere of German women country. The work is edited by Lloyd C. Sanders, in different stations. Again, the public schools, who has had a good corps of contributors, and the the churches, special festivals, - private entertain- literary standard is high. These two excellent vol ments, and prominent features of domestic and umes are uniform in size, style, and price, and have social life, are depicted with fulness and simplicity. the final merit of clear printing and good paper. Miss Parry witnessed many of the joyous and stir- ring scenes which marked the Luther Jubilee Year, Miss LE Row's innocent-appearing little book when the whole nation gave itself up for an entire called “English as She is Taught" (Cassell) has twelvemonth to the celebration of the four-hun- attracted wider attention than many a more preten dredth anniversary of the great Reformer's birth. tious work, Most readers have laughed