THE
PENNSYLVANIA
STATE UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY

STATE
PENN
THE
ITY
1855
2308





……
一
​








NA SILVANIA
STATE
fartiest aute
Libmany
UNIVERS,
THE DIA STATE conside
A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF
Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
EDITED BY
FRANCIS F. BROWNE.
Volume XXIV.
No. 277.
CHICAGO, JAN. 1, 1898.
10 cts. a copy. I 315 WABASH AVE.
82. a year. Opposite Auditorium.
SOME OF THE NEW BOOKS
THE WOOING OF MALKATOON: COMMODUS.
Two Poems. By LEW. WALLACE. Illustrated by
F. V. DU MOND and J. R. WEGUELIN. 8vo, Cloth,
Ornamental, Deckel Edges and Gilt Top, $2.50.
" ALL HANDS.” Pictures of Life in the United
States Navy. By Rufus FAIRCHILD ZOGBAUM.
Large 4to, Cloth, Ornamental, $5.00.
WHITE MAN'S AFRICA. By POULTNEY BIGELOW.
Illustrated. Crown 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, Uncut
Edges and Gilt Top, $2.50.
MARCHESI AND MUSIC. Passages from the Life
of a Famous Singing-Teacher. By MATHILDE
MARCHESI. With an Introduction by MASSENET.
Illustrated. Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, Deckel
Edges and Gilt Top, $2.50.
CELEBRATED TRIALS. By HENRY LAUREN
CLINTON. With Nine Portraits.
Crown 8vo,
Cloth, Uncut Edges and Gilt Top, $2.50.
HARPER'S MAGAZINE
FOR JANUARY.
A LEGEND OF CAMELOT. Pictures and Verses.
By GEORGE DU MAURIER. Large 4to, Cloth,
Ornamental, $5.00.
A YEAR FROM A REPORTER'S NOTE-BOOK.
By RICHARD HARDING Davis. Illustrated. Post
8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.
THE SHEPHEARD'S CALENDER. Twelve Aeglo-
gues. By EDMUND SPENSER. Newly Adorned with
Twelve Pictures and Other Devices by WALTER
CRANE. Square 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, Colored
Edges, $2.00.
PICTURESQUE SICILY. By WILLIAM AGNEW
Paton. Illustrated from Photographs. Crown 8vo,
Cloth, Ornamental, Uncut Edges, Gilt Top, $2.50.
A HISTORY OF METHODISM IN THE UNITED
STATES. By JAMES M. BUCKLEY, D.D. In Two
Volumes. With over 100 Portraits and Views.
8vo, Cloth, $5.00.
SOME POPULAR FICTION.
THE GREAT STONE OF SARDIS. A Novel. By FRANK
R. STOCKTON. Illustrated by PETER NEWELL. Post 8vo,
Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.
SPANISH JOHN. Being a Memoir, now First Published
in Complete Form, of the Early Life and Adventures of
Colonel John McDonell, Known as "Spanish John,"
when a Lieutenant in the Company of St. James of the
Regiment Irlandia, in the Service of the King of Spain,
Operating in Italy. By WILLIAM MOLENNAN. İllus.
by F.DE MYRBACH. Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.
LOCHINVAR. A Novel. By S. R. CROCKETT. Illustrated by
T. DE THULSTRUP. Post Svo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.
LORRAINE. A Romance. By ROBERT W. CHAMBERS.
Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.25.
LIN MCLEAN. By OWEN WISTER. Illustrated. Post 8vo,
Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.
JIMTY, AND OTHERS. Stories. By MARGARET SUTTON
BRISCOE. Illus. Post 8vo. Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.
THE MARTIAN. A Novel. By GEORGE DU MAURIER.
Illustrated by the Author. Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental,
$1.75; Three-quarter Calf, $3.50; Three-quarter Crushed
Levant, $4,50. A Glossary of the French and Latin
expressions is included.
Edition de Luxe, limited to 500 Numbered Copies, $10.00,
DU MAURIER'S NOVELS:
The Martian, Trilby, and Peter Ibbetson. (In a Box.)
Cloth, $4.50; Three-quarter Calf, $9.50; Three-quarter
Crushed Levant, $12.00.
Roden's Corner
A New Novel
By HENRY SETON MERRIMAN.
The location of the story is in London and The Hague.
It is rich in incident and character. The Illustrations were
drawn by T. DE TAULSTRUP, from studies made in Holland
and London.
THE NEW NORTHWEST
By J. A. WHEELOCK
(Editor of the " Pioneer Press " of St. Paul, Minn.)
A Group of Players.
By LAURENCE HUTTON. Handsomely illustrated.
Massai's Crooked Trail.
Written and illustrated by FREDERIC REMINGTON.
SHORT STORIES.
THE SIXTH SENSE, by MARGARET SUTTON BRISCOE ;
BETWEEN THE LINES AT STONE RIVER, by Captain
F. A. MITCHEL; THE BLAZING HEN-COOP, by OCTAVE
THANET; THE KING OF BEAVER, by MARY HARTWELL
CATHERWOOD; MARGRAVE, BACHELOR, by CLARA
MAYNARD PARKER; A HOLIDAY EPISODE, by John C.
OCHILTREE.
35 Cents a Copy; $4.00 a Year.
HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers, New York and London.


051
D54
v. 24
2
Jan. - June 1898 THE DIAL
[Jan. 1,
GINN & COMPANY'S LATEST BOOKS
Specimens of the Pre-Shaksperean Drama. Physical Experiments.
With an Introduction, Notes, and a Glossary, by JOHN A Mannal and Note Book by ALFRED P. GAGE, anthor
M. MANLY, Professor of the English Language in Brown of “Principles of Physics,” etc. Boards. 97 pages.
University. In three vols. Vols. I. and II. now ready For introduction, 35 cts.
Vol. I., 618 pages. For Introduction, $1.25. Vol. II., 590
pages. For introduction, $1.25. Athencum Press Series.
Elements of Chemistry.
By R. P. WILLIAMS, in charge of the Chemical Depart-
Poems of William Wordsworth.
ment of the English High School, Boston. 412 pages.
Chosen and Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by For introduction, $1.10.
EDWARD DOWDEN, Professor of English Literature in the
University of Dublin, Clark Lecturer in English Litera-
Cicero: Selected Letters.
ture, Trinity College, Cambridge. 522 pages. For intro Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by FRANK F.
duction, $1.25. Athenæum Press Series.
ABBOTT, Professor of Latin in the University of Chicago.
315 pages. For introduction, $1.25. College Latin Series.
Selections from Malory's Morte Darthur.
Edited, with Introduction, Notes, and Glossary, by WILL-
Tennyson's The Princess.
JAM E. MEAD, Professor of the English Language, Wes Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by ALBERT S.
leyan University, Middletown, Conn. 348 pages. For Cook, Professor of the English Language in Yale Univer-
introduction, $1.00. Athenceum Press Series.
sity. Boards. 187 pages. For Introduction, 40 ets.
School Edition of Homer's Odyssey.
Burke's Speech on Conciliation with America
Edited, with Introduction, Commentary, and Vocabulary, Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by HAMMOND
by B. PERRIN and T. D. SEYMOUR, Professors of Greek LAMONT, Associate Professor of Rhetoric in Brown Uni-
in Yale University.
versity: 152 pages. For introduction, 50 cts. Athenceum
Eight Books, with Vocabulary. Square 12mo. Half Press Series
morocco. 351 pages. For introduction, $1.50.
Four Books, with Vocabulary. Square 12mo. Half Carlyle's Essay on Burns.
morocco. 248 pages. For introduction, $1.25.
Edited, with Notes, by CHARLES LANE HANSON, Teacher
A Practical Physiology.
of English in Darfee High School, Fall River, Mass.
12mo. Boards. 84 pages. For introduction, 30 cts.
A Text-Book for High School, Academy, and Normal
School Classes. By ALBERT F. BLAISDELL, M.D., author
Webster's Speeches.
of “Blaisdell's Series of Physiologies." Fully illustrated. REPLY TO HAYNE. THE CONSTITUTION AND THE UNION.
448 pages. For introduction, $1.20.
Boards. 156 pages. For introduction, 30 cts.
Descriptive Circulars of all our books sent postpaid to any address. Correspondence cordially invited.
BOSTON.
CHICAGO.
GINN & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS.
NEW YORK,
ATLANTA.
JOHN LANE'S PUBLICATIONS
RUBÀIYÀT OF OMAR KHAYYAM. A paraphrase from various translations. By Richard LE GALLIENNE.
Edition limited to 1250 signed copies, printed on hand-made paper at the Wayside Press. Small 4to, $2.50 net.
THE EARTH BREATH, AND OTHER POEMs. By A. E., author of “Homeward Songs by the Way." With
a title-page and cover design by WILL BRADLEY. Printed at the Wayside Press. $1.25.
THE MAKING OF MATTHIAS. By J. S. FLETCHER. Illustrated by Lucy KEMP-WELCH. $1.50.
THE CHILD WHO WILL NEVER GROW OLD. By K. DOUGLAS KING. With a cover design by WILL
BRADLEY. Printed at the Wayside Press. $1.25.
THE HOPE OF THE WORLD, AND OTHER POEMs. By WILLIAM Watson. Uniform with “ The Father
of the Forest." $1.25.
ALL THE WAY TO FAIRY LAND. More Fairy Tales by EVELYN SHARP. With 8 colored illustrations
and decorated cover by Mrs. PERCY DEARMER. Uniform with “ Wymps." $1.50.
KING LONGBEARD. By BARRINGTON MACGREGOR. Profusely illustrated by CHARLES ROBINSON. $1.50.
A CHILD IN THE TEMPLE. By FRANK MATHEW. $1.00.
FANTASIAS. By GEORGE EGERTON. Uniform with “ Symphonies." $1.25.
NEW ESSAYS TOWARDS A CRITICAL METHOD. By John M. ROBERTSON. $2.00.
MARRIAGE QUESTIONS IN MODERN FICTION. By ELIZABETH RACHEL CHAPMAN. Crown 8vo, $1.50.
THE FLIGHT OF THE KING. A full, true, and particular Account of the Escape of His Most Sacred
Majesty King Charles II., after the Battle of Worcester. By ALLEN FEA. With sixteen Portraits in
Photogravure, and nearly 100 other Illustrations. Demy 8vo, $7.50.
A HISTORY OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE ROYAL NAVY, AND OF MERCHANT SHIPPING IN
RELATION TO THE NAVY FROM MDIX. TO MDCLX., with an Introduction treating of the earlier period.
By M. OPPENHEIM. Plates. Demy 8vo, $6.00.
A COMPLETE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FENCING AND DUELING, AS PRACTICED BY ALL EUROPEAN
NATIONS FROM THE MIDDLE AGES TO THE PREŠENT Day. With a Classified Index, arranged Chrono
logically according to Languages. By CARL A. THIMM. Illustrated with Numerous Portraits of Ancient
and Modern Masters of the Art. Title-pages and Frontispieces of some of the earliest works. Portrait of
the Author by WILSON STEER. 4to, $7.50.
140 FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK CITY


1898.]
3
THE DIAL
NOTABLE BOOKS
The
Published in 1897 by
Macmillan Company
21
ADAMS. - The Growth of the French
Nation. By GEORGE BURTON ADAMS, Pro-
fessor of History in Yale University. With
maps and many illustrations. 12mo, cloth,
pp. ix.-349, $1.25 net.
ALLEN. - The Choir Invisible. By JAMES
LANE ALLEN, author of "A Summer in Ar-
cady," etc. Cloth, 12mo, $1.50.
BAILEY. - The Principles of Fruit-
Growing. By L. H. BAILEY. $1.25.
BALDWIN. - Social and Ethical Inter-
pretations in Mental Development. A
study in social psychology. By JAMES MARK
BALDWIN, Professor in Princeton University;
Co-Editor of "The Psychological Review."
Work crowned with the Guld Medal of the
Royal Academy of Denmark. 12mo, cloth,
Pp. xiv. 574, $2.60 net.
BARNES. - Yankee Ships and Yankee
Sailors. Tales of 1812. By JAMES BARNES,
author of "Naval Engagements of the War
of 1812," etc. With numerous illustrations
by R. F. ZOGBAUM and CARLTON T. CHAPMAN.
12mo, cloth extra, gilt top and side, $1.50.
BRUNTON. - Lectures on the Action of
Medicines. Being the course of lectures
on Pharmacology and Therapeutics delivered
at St. Bartholomew's Hospital during the
summer of 1896. By T. LAUDER BRUNTON,
M.D. (Edin.), LL.D. (Hon.) (Aberd.), F. R. 8.,
Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians;
Associate Fellow of the College of Physicians
of Philadelphia; etc. 8vo, cloth, $4.00 net.
CRAWFORD. - Corleone. A Tale of
Sicily. By F. MARION CRAWFORD, author
of “Saracinesca," "Pietro Ghisleri," "Casa
Braccio," etc. Two volumes. 16mo, green
sateen, gilt side, in box, $2.00.
DAVENPORT.-Experimental Morpho-
logy. By CHARLES B. DAVENPORT, Ph.D.,
Instructor in Zoology at Harvard University.
Part I. Effect of Chemical and Physical
Agents upon Protoplasm. Cloth, 8vo, $2.60 nele
GARDNER. -A Handbook of Greek
Sculpture. By ERNEST ARTHUR GARDNER,
MA., late Fellow of Gonville and Caius Col-
lege, Cambridge, and formerly Director of
the British School of Archæology at Athens.
The Two Parts bound in one volume. 12mo,
cloth, pp. xv.-552, $2.50 net.
GEIKIE. - The Ancient Volcanoes of
Oreat Britain. By Sir ARCHIBALD GEIXIE,
F.R.S., D.O.L. Oxford, D.Sc. Camb., Dubl.;
LL.D. St. And., Edinb., etc. With seven
maps and numerous illustrations. In two
volumes. Super-royal 8vo, cloth.
Vol. I.,
pp. xxiv.-477, Vol. II., pp. xv.-492, $11.25 net.
GOODNOW.- Municipal Problems. By
FRANK J. GOODNOW, A.M., LL.D., Professor
of Administrative Law in Columbia Univer-
sity; author of "Municipal Home Rule."
12mo, cloth, pp. xiii.-311, $1.50 net.
HART. Vol. I., ready. American History
as Told by Contemporaries. By ALBERT
BUSHNELL HART, Professor of History, Har-
vard University.
Vol. I. Era of Colonization. (1492-1689.)
Ready,
Vol. II. Building of the Republic. (1689-
1783.) In press.
Vol. III. National Expansion. (1783-1845.)
To follor.
Vol. IV. Welding of the Nation. (1846-
1896.) To follow.
HIGGINSON. - A Forest Orchid and
other Stories. By ELLA HIGGINSON author
of "From the Land of the Snow-Pearls."
12mo, cloth, ornamental, pp. 242, $1.50.
HYDE.- Practical Idealism. By WILLIAM
DEWITT HYDE, President of Bowdoin Col-
lege, author of "Outlines of Social Theol-
ogy,
" etc. 12mo, cloth, pp. xi. 335, $1.50.
ILLOWAY.- Constipation in Adults and
Children. With special reference to Habit-
unl Constipation and its most successful
Treatment by the Mechanical Methods. By
H. ILLOWAY, M.D., formerly Professor of the
Diseases of children, Cincinnati College of
Medicine and Surgery; formerly visiting
physician to the Jewish Hospital, Cincinnati,
etc.; Member of the Medical Society of the
County of New York, of the New York
County Medical Association, etc. With
many plates and illustrations. 8vo, cloth,
pp. XV.-495, $4.00 net.
INMAN. - The Old Santa Fé Trail. By
Colonel HENRY IXMAN, late Assistant Quar-
termaster, United States Army. With pre-
face by Col. WILLIAX CODY (Buffalo BWI)
and plates by FREDERIC REMINGTON. 8vo,
cloth extra, gilt top, pp. xvi.-493, $3.50.
JOHNSTON, - Old Times in Middle
Georgia. By RICHARD MALCOLM JOHNSTON,
author of "Dukesborough Tales," " Widow
Guthrie,'
" **Old Mark Langston," etc. 12mo,
cloth extra, pp. vi.-249, $1.50.
JOHNSTON. - The Battle of Harlem
Helghts, September 16, 1776. With a
Review of the Events of the Campaign. By
HENRY P. JOHNSTON, A.M., Professor of His-
tory, College of the City of New York. With
frontispiece, photographic reproductions,
and maps. Columbia University Press. 8vo,
cloth, pp. xii.-234, $2.00 net.
KINGSLEY.- Travels in West Africa,
Congo Français, Corisco, and Came-
roons. By MARY ÉL. KINGSLEY. With 16 full
page and numerous text illustrations. New
cheaper edition. Demy 8vo, cloth, $4.00.
KRÜGER.- History of Early Christian
Literature in the First Three Centuries.
By Dr. GUSTAV KRUGER, Professor of Theol.
ogy at Giessen. Translated by Rev. CHARLES
R. GILLETT, A.M., Librarian of the Union
Theological Seminary in New York.
With
corrections and additions by the author.
12mo, cloth, pp. viii.-409, $2.00 net.
MACY. - The English Constitution. A
Commentary on its Nature and Growth. By
JESSE MACY, M.A., Professor of Political
Science in Iowa College. Cloth, $2.00 net.
MATHEWS. - The Social Teaching of
Jesus. An Essay in Christian Sociology.
By SHAILER MATHEWS, A.M., Professor of
New Testament History and Interpretation
in University of Chicago. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
McCRADY.-The History of South Caro-
lina under the Proprietary Govern-
ment, 1670-1719. By EDWARD MCCRADY,
a Member of the Bar of Charleston, 8.C.,
and Vice-President of the Historical Society
of South Carolina. 8vo, cloth, $3.50 net.
MERRILL. Rocks, Rock-weathering,
and Soils. By GEORGE P. MERRILL, Curator
of Department of Geology, United States
National Museum, and Professor of Geology
in the Corcoran Scientific School and Gradu.
ate School of the Columbian University,
With many illustrations, full-page plates and
figures in the text. $400 net.
NASH.-Genesis of the Social Conscience.
The Relation between the Establishment of
Christianity in Europe and the Social Ques-
tion. By H. S. NASH, Professor in the Epis-
copal Theological School at Cambridge.
12mo, cloth, pp. viii.-309, $1.50.
NEWTON. – A Dictionary of Birds. By
ALFRED NEWTON, assisted by HANS GADOW.
With contributions from RICHARD LYDRKKER,
B.A., F.R.S.; CHARLES 8. Roy, M.A., F.R.S.;
and ROBERT M. SHUFELDT, M.D. Together
with Index and Introduction. Complete in
one volume, cloth 8vo, $10.00 net.
NIETZSCHE.-The Works of Friedrich
Nietzsche. Edited by ALEXANDER TILLE.
Vol. X. A Genealogy of Morals. Trans-
lated by WILLIAM A. HAUSEMANN.
PALORAVE. - The Golden Treasury.
Second series. Modern Poetry. Selected
from the best songs and lyrical poems in the
English language, and arranged with notes
by FRANCIS T. PALGRAVE, late Professor in
the University of Oxford. Golden Treasury
Series. 16mo, cloth, pp. xii.-275, $1.00.
RATZEL.-The History of Mankind. By
Professor FRIEDRICH RATZRL. Translated
from the second German edition by A. J.
BUTLER, M.A. With introduction by E. B.
TYLOR, D.C.L., F.R.S. With colored plates,
mapa, and illustrations. To be completed
in three volumes. Volumes I. and II. nov
ready. 8vo, cloth, pp. xiv.-562, $4.00 each.
ROBERTS. - The Fertility of the Land :
A Discussion of the Relationship of Farm-
Practice to Saving and Augmenting the Pro-
ductivity of the soil. By I. P. ROBERTS,
Director of the College of Agriculture, Cor-
nell University. Fully illustrated. Cloth,
16mo, $1.25.
ROYCE. - The Conception of God. A
philosophical discussion concerning the
nature of the Divine Idea as a Demonstrable
Reality. By JOSIAH ROYCB, Professor of the
History of Philosophy in Harvard University,
JOSEPH LE CONTE and G. H. HOWIson, Pro-
fessors in the University of California, and
SIDNEY EDWARD MEZES, Professor of Philoso-
phy in the University of Texas. 12mo, cloth,
pp. viii.-354, $1.75 net.
RUSSELL.- Volcanoes of North Amer-
ica. A Reading Lesson for Students of
Geography and Geology. By ISRAEL C.
ROSSELT., Professor of Geology, University
of Michigan, author of "Lakes of North
America," "Glaciers of North America,"
etc. Numerous illustrations. Svo, cloth, $4.
SALMON. - Domestic Service. By LOGY
M. SALMON, Vassar College. Cloth, 8vo, $2.00.
SCOTT. - An Introduction to Geology:
By WILLIAM B. SCOTT, Blair Professor of
Geology and Palæontology in Princeton
University. Crown 8vo, cloth, $1.90 net.
SMITH (G.). - Guesses at the Riddle of
Existence. By GOLDWIN SMITH, D.C.L.
With other Kasays on Kindred Subjects.
Cloth, 8vo, $1.25.
STEEL. - On the face of the Waters.
A Tale of the Great Mutiny. By FLORA
ANNIE STEEL. Cloth, 12mo, $1.50.
TENNYSON. - Alfred, Lord Tennyson.
A Memoir by his Son (Lord HALLAX TEN-
NYSON). With portraits and numerous illus-
trations. In 2 volumes. 8vo, cloth. Vol. I.,
pp. xxii.-516. Vol. II., pp. vii.-551, $10.00 net.
WARNER. - The Study of Children. By
Dr. FRANCIS WARNER, author of "A Course
of Lectures on the Growth and Means of
Training the Mental Faculties." Cloth,
16mo, $1.00.
WILCOX. - The Study of City Govern-
ment. An Outline of the Problems of
Municipal Functions, Control, and Organiza-
tion. By DELOS F. Wilcox, A.M., Ph.D.
12mo, cloth, pp. xiv.-268, $1.50 net.
WILLIAMS. - On Many Seas: The Life
and Exploits of a Yankee Sailor. By
FRED B. WILLIAMS (Herbert E. Hamblen).
Edited by his friend, w. 8. Booth. $1.50.
WRIGHT and coues. Citizen Bird.
Scenes from Bird-life in plain English for
beginners. By MABEL OSGOOD WRIGHT and
ELLIOTT COUES. With illustrations by LOUIS
AGASBIZ FUERTES. 12mo, cloth, $1.50 net.
WUNDT.-Ethics. An Investigation of the
Facts and Laws of the Moral Life. By
WILHELM WUNDT, Professor of Philosophy in
the University of Leipzig. Translated by
JULIA GLOVER, Professor of Philosophy in
Rockford College, and EDWARD BRADFORD
TITCHENBR, Sage Professor of Psychology in
the Cornell University. 8vo, cloth, $2.25 net.
Above books sold by all Booksellers, or will be sent postpaid, on receipt of price, by the Publishers,
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, No. 66 Fifth Avenue, New York.


4
[Jan. 1, 1898.
THE DIAL
BOOKS FOR ALL SEASONS.
ILLUSTRATED.
STANDARD.
A HISTORY OF DANCING.
NEW LETTERS OF NAPOLEON I.
From the Earliest Ages to Our Own Times. By G. VUILLIER. Omitted from the Collection published under the Auspices of
With 25 full-page photogravure plates and over 400 text Napoleon III. Edited by M. LÉON LECESTRE, Curator of
illustrations. Folio, cloth, uncut, $12.00.
the French Archives. Translated by LADY MARY LOYD.
“This is one of those books so thoroughly well done that just to look Uniform with Méneval's "Memoirs of Napoleon." With
over them is a sheer delight. Not only is the book sumptuously portrait. Small 8vo, cloth, $2.00.
made but its illustrations form a perfect gallery of beautiful documents, 1. The most important of all recent additions to our knowledge of
hardly a single one of them failing to put the magic of dancing into Napoleon." - New York Herald.
some new light." — New York Tribune.
"To M. Lecestre belongs the praise of supplying the necessary first-
EDITION IN COLORS.
hand evidence which proves the truth of what might seem a fable." -
London New Review.
BIRD LIFE.
A Guide to the Study of Our Common Birds. By FRANK M.
PETER THE GREAT.
CHAPMAN, Assistant Curator of Mammalogy. and Ornithol-
By K. WALISZEWSKI. Uniform with “The Romance of an
ogy in the American Museum of Natural History ; author Empress (Catherine II. of Russia),” by the same author.
of Handbook of Birds of Eastern North America.” Illus Small 8vo, cloth, with portrait, $2.00.
trated by Ernest Seton Thompson. With 75 full-page colored
LITERATURES OF THE WORLD.
plates. 8vo, cloth, $5.00.
Edited by EDMUND Gosse, Hon. M.A. of Trinity College,
"These handsome plates are entitled to a place in the first rank of Cambridge. Uniform edition. Each, 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
ornithological illustrations, and make the work more than ever a neces.
sity to all students of our common birds." — D. G. ELLIOT, Curator of
Now Ready.
Zoology, Field Columbian Museum, Chicago.
Modern English Literature. By the Editor.
MARRIAGE CUSTOMS IN MANY LANDS.
French Literature. By EDWARD DOWDEN, D.Litt., LL.D.,
By the Rev. H. N. HUTCHINSON, author of "Creatures of
D.C.L., Professor of English Literature in the University of
Dublin.
Other Days," etc. With 24 illustrations. 8vo, cloth, $4.00.
Ancient Greek Literature. By GILBERT MURRAY, M.A.,
IN JOYFUL RUSSIA.
Professor of Greek in the University of Glasgow.
By John A. LOGAN, Jr. With 50 illustrations in colors and
THE SEVEN SEAS.
black and white. Small 8vo, cloth, $3.50.
A Volume of Poems. By RUDYARD KIPLING, author of
THE OUTGOING TURK.
Many Inventions,' eto. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
Impressions of a Journey through the Western Balkans. By
THE STORY OF THE COWBOY.
H.C. THOMPSON, author of "The Chitral Campaign." With
76 illustrations and 3 maps. 8vo, cloth, $4.00.
By E. Hough, author of " The Singing Mouse Stories,' eto.
Illustrated by William L. Wells and C. M. Russel. A new
THE NATURAL HISTORY OF SELBOURNE, volume in The Story of the West Series. Edited by Ripley
And Observations of Nature. By GILBERT WHITE. With Hitchcock. Uniform with "The Story of the Mine" and
An Introduction by John Burroughs, 80 illustrations by "The Story of the Indian." 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
Clifton Johnson, and the text and letters of the Buckland
Edition. In two volumes. 12mo, cloth, $4.00.
THE BEGINNERS OF A NATION.
A History of the Source and Rise of the Earliest English Settle-
UNCLE REMUS :
ments in America, with Special Reference to the Life and
His Songs and His Sayings. By JOEL CHANDLER HARRIS. Character of the People. The first volume in "A History
New and revised edition. With 112 Illustrations by A. B. of Life in the United States." By EDWARD EGGLESTON.
Frost. 12mo, cloth, $2.00.
8vo, cloth, $1.50.
THE LEADING FICTION.
SARAH GRAND'S NEW NOVEL.
THE CHRISTIAN.
THE BETH BOOK.
By HALL CAINE, author of "The Manxman," "The Deem-
By SARAH GRAND, author of "The Heavenly Twins," eto. ster," "The Bondman," etc. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
12mo, cloth, $1.50.
THE SEATS OF THE MIGHTY.
"A brilliant human study. . . . As a literary production it fully
By GILBERT PARKER, author of "The Trespasser," The
sustains the author's high reputation. It is more attractive reading
than “The Heavenly Twins.'"- Brooklyn Eagle.
Trial of the Sword " (new uniform editions, $1.25), "The
Translation of a Savage." " Mrs. Falchion," etc. Illus-
AT THE CROSS-ROADS.
trated. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
By F. F. MONTRÉSOR, author of "Into the Highways and BABOO HURRY BUNGSHO JABBERJEE, B.A.
Hedges,"
," "False Coin or True?" "The One who Looked
By F. ANSTEY, author of “Vice Versa," "The Tinted
On," etc. 16mo, cloth, $1.50.
Venus," etc. Illustrated. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
“There is as much strength in this book as in a dozen ordinary suc-
cessful novels." - London Literary World.
THE MYSTERY OF CHOICE.
By R. W. CHAMBERS, author of " The Moon-Maker,"
EQUALITY
Red Republic," etc. 16mo, cloth, $1.25.
By EDWARD BELLAMY, author of “Looking Backward,"
"A work that was born to live and have its part in the substantial
etc. 12mo, cloth, $1.25.
literature of America." - Boston Courier.
NEW JUVENILE BOOKS.
TRUE TO HIS HOME.
THE RED PATRIOT.
A Tale of the Boyhood of Franklin, By HEZEKIAH BUTTER A Story of the American Revolution. By W. 0. STODDARD.
WORTH, author of "The Wampum Belt," " The Patriot Illustrated by B. West Clinedinst. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
Schoolmaster," " In the Boyhood of Lincoln," etc. Illus-
COMMODORE BAINBRIDGE.
trated by H. Winthrop Pierce. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
From the Gunroom to the Quarter-deck. By JAMES BARNES,
THE EXPLOITS OF MYLES STANDISH. author of Midshipman Farragut." Young Heroes of Our
By HENRY JOHNSON (Muirhead Robertson), author of " From Navy Series. Illustrated by George Gibbs and others.
Scrooby to Plymouth Rock." Illustrated, 12mo, cloth, $1.50. 12mo, cloth, $1.00.
Send for a copy (free) of the illustrated Holiday number of Appletons' Monthly Bulletin, containing descriptions of the above
and other important Books.
D. APPLETON & COMPANY, 72 Fifth Avenue, New York.
" " The


THE
DIAL
A Semi: Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
PAGE
.
7
.
.
THE DIAL (founded in 1880 ) is published on the 1st and 16th of
each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, poslage
ALPHONSE DAUDET.
prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries
comprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must
French literature could ill afford to spare the
be added. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the graceful pen of Alphonse Daudet. Within five
current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or
postal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO CLUBS and
years it has lost in Renan its greatest prosateur
for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application; in the domain of scholarship, in Taine its great-
and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATES furnished
est philosophical historian, in Leconte de
on application. All communications should be addressed to
THE DIAL, 315 Wabash Ave., Chicago.
Lisle its greatest poet, and now in Alphonse
Daudet its greatest novelist. This does not
No. 277. JANUARY 1, 1898. Vol. XXIV. mean that Daudet was a great novelist in the
sense of Hugo or Balzac, or even of Stendhal
or Flaubert, but simply that
CONTENTS.
the writers
among
of fiction left living during the past fifteen years
he was clearly the most important, and that we
ALPHONSE DAUDET
5
may scan the horizon of dawning reputations in
ENGLISH CORRESPONDENCE, Temple Scott
vain for indications of any
other likely to occupy
TWO DIALS. (Poem.) Frederic L. Luqueer
8
as large a place in the literature of the Republic.
His success was hardly and honorably won, and
DR. JUSTIN WINSOR'S LAST BOOK. B. A.
Hinsdale.
his career was that of a typical man of letters.
9
The story of his obscure origin, of his early
GRANT AND LEE AS NATIONAL HEROES.
struggles for a livelihood, of his eventual recog-
John J. Halsey .
11
nition, of his constantly growing reputation
THE SCIENCE AND HISTORY OF VOLCA-
and the golden sunset of his assured fame, is of
NOES. Rollin D. Salisbury
13 the old sort so familiar to the student of literary
THE FEMININE INTERPRETATION OF
history, although one not often to be read in
JESUS. Shailer Mathews .
17 books so charming as those in which Daudet has
PROBLEMS OF SELF AND OF SOCIETY.
himself told it - in " Le Petit Chose," to begin
C. R. Henderson
18 with, and later in “ Trente Ans de Paris,” and
Baldwin's Social and Ethical Interpretations in the “ Souvenirs d'un Homme de Lettres."
Mental Development. - Wilcox's The Study of City
Government. - Dolo's The Coming People.-Harris's
Daudet was a Provençal by birth, and saw
Inequality and Progress. - Gladden's Social Facts the light at Nîmes in 1840. His boyhood was
and Forces. — Bliss's Encyclopædia of Social Re-
spent in his native city and in Lyons. He then
form.
obtained a position as usher in a country school,
SOME RECENT STUDIES IN PHILOSOPHY.
but a year of this drudgery was all that he could
Hiram M, Stanley.
20
bear, and at the age of seventeen he started to
Ladd's The Philosophy of Knowledge. - Bowne's
Theory of Thought and Knowledge. - Bascom's
seek his fortune in Paris. From this time until
Evolution and Religion. - Crozier's History of Intel the War of 1870, he struggled to gain a foot-
lectual Development.-Külpe's Introduction to Phil-
hold in the world of letters, receiving support
osophy.
for a time from a clerical position in the civil
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS .
21
service, and finding happiness in marriage with
A reconstructed terminology of physics. — Golf and
Letters. — Cave-dwellers in a modern story. - Dr.
the talented woman who has ever since remained
Pusey once more. - An English history of French his devoted companion and counsellor. His first
literature. - A Dictionary of American authors. —
More Brontë literature. - A pleasant acquaintance
book was “ Les Amoureuses,” a volume of love
with some French critics. – Napoleon's art of war. poems. Other collections of verse followed, and
A concise history of missions. Men whom Dean
quickly won for the young writer a reputation.
Farrar has known.
He also essayed the drama, producing nine
BRIEFER MENTION
plays in all, besides the later dramatizations of
LITERARY NOTES
his novels. His plays had no great success, and
28
their titles convey little to the average theatre-
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
27
goer or reader of dramatic literature.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
27 These tentative efforts in the lyric and dra-
0
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.


6
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
matic provinces of literature were supplemented will be remembered, and will remain among the
by journalistic work done for " Le Figaro” and classics of nineteenth century literature.
other
papers,
and in this work we find the The greater part of Daudet's career as a
sketches and short stories in which Daudet’s novelist was, however, devoted to the production
true artistic self was first revealed. “Le Petit of studies of modern life which have made him
Chose,” that exquisite fragment of autobiog- the chief interpreter of the second imperial and
raphy, dates from 1868, and before the année third republican periods of French society.
terrible he had also produced the charming They do not, it is true, present us a delineation
“ Lettres de Mon Moulin." When the war comparable for minute observation and com-
was over, his position as the greatest master of prehensiveness with the record of the restora-
the short story was still further strengthened tion period that is made in the forty volumes
by the “ Contes du Lundi,” the “ Contes et of the “ Comédie Humaine,” for not every age
Récits," and other collections. The best of can produce a Balzac, but they do provide us
these pieces are the purest gems of their sort in with a series of careful studies wherein much
modern French literature. Equal in perfec- of recent French life is pictured, and which
tion of form to the stories of Maupassant they have a charm of style that was beyond the
have a substance which the stories of the later reach of Daudet's great predecessor. Two or
master rarely exhibit, and the pathos of such three of these books are comparatively insig-
studies as “La Dernière Classe ” and “Le Siège nificant, but at least eight of them are master-
de Berlin " is welloigh flawless. He is indeed pieces in a very genuine sense._ They are, in
to be pitied who can read with dry eyes these the order of their publication, 66 Froment Jeune
masterpieces in miniature. The short stories et Risler Ainé” (1874), “Jack” (1876), “Le
gave to their author just the sort of training Nabab” (1878), “ Rois en Exìl” (1879),
in the niceties of literary art that was needed “Numa Roumestan” (1880), “L'Evangeliste
to develop his powers as a full-grown novelist, (1883), “Sapho” (1884), and “L'Immortel'
and enable him to produce, during the follow-|(1888). These books are, on the whole, the
ing quarter-century, the series of fiction that most remarkable collection of novels produced
gave him an unrivaled position among the by any Frenchman under the Third Republic.
French novelists of his time. Other works were Space fails us in which to characterize in any
written in this later period, but they are of detail this series of drames parisiens. They
minor importance — réchauffés or chips from a are all well-known to English readers, for they
literary workshop- and reveal no development have been promptly translated as they have
of power beyond what was displayed when appeared. The first of them (called "Sidonie”
Daudet the novelist was yet artistically unborn. in the English version) was, we remember,
The first of Daudet's books written de longue made the subject of considerable cheap moral-
haleine was the famous “ Tartarin de Tarascon," izing when it appeared in our language, with
dated 1872. In this book and its two succes the natural consequence that it became widely
sors, “ Tartarin sur les Alpes” (1886), and
known. Much water has flowed under the
“ Port-Tarascon” (1890), be achieved his bridges since then, and so many writers using
greatest title to literary fame, for these three the English language bave bettered whatever
works projected into literature one of its few instruction in immorality was to be derived
immortal types of character. The creation of from the literature of France that “ Sidonie"
Tartarin stands only just below such figures as would now be considered very mildly offensive
Falstaff and Sancho Panza. The intensely even by the self-constituted professional guar-
human figure of Daudet's lion-hunter, mountain. dians of our literary virtue. Daudet has some-
climber, and colonial adventurer is a fascinat times been called the French Dickens, an
ing study in all three phases of his self-glorious ascription which is merely absurd if based
career ; all the color of the midi glows from upon any comparison between the humor, say,
the pages in which his exploits are set forth, of the “Tartarin” books and of “Pickwick,” but
and all the humorous or lovable foibles of the which has some slight justification if referred
Provençal are delineated with a touch that is to the pathos of " Jack," that poignant narra-
incisive without being painful, with a geniality tive whose chief fault is its excessive length.
that robs satire of its sting, and finds in happy Daudet’s third novel, “ Le Nabab,” is probably
and wholesome laughter a universal solvent for his masterpiece, although this claim may per-
the most varied sentiments and emotions. What haps be contested by the partisans of “ Numa
ever else may be forgotten, the story of Tartarin Roumestan” or of “Sapho." The book is a


1898.]
7
THE DIAL
of years.
brilliant picture of Parisian life under the Sec cient to pay their working expenses. Their agitation
ond Empire, and it portrays the corruption of
resulted in the formation of a Booksellers' Association,
that period with an unsparing brush, although lishers. After many proposals, it was decided by these
and the establishment of a similar organization of Pub-
the figure of Mora is delineated with a more two bodies that the discount to the public should be
kindly hand than actual history warrants — a lowered to two pence; and the publishers, before they
fact easily explained when we remember that finally took steps to see that the booksellers did not under-
he is no other than the Duc de Morny, whom
sell each other, sought the coöperation of a society which
has Mr. Rider Haggard for its President, and which calls
the novelist served as a secretary for a number
itself the Society of Authors. This body took some time
This figure and that of Numa to consider the matter, and in the end issued a very pom-
Roumestan (who is Gambetta somewhat more pous and ambitious pronouncement against the scheme.
disguised) are the most conspicuous illustra-
One of the most important statements made in this re-
tions of the novelist's habit of introducing
port runs thus: “The independence of the author would
be seriously compromised by the existence of a close ring
prominent public characters into his fictions. of publishers and booksellers, who might as easily dictate
The “Rois en Exil" is a gallery of such figures, to him a royalty of five per cent. as to the bookseller a
and if the Astier-Rehu ” of L'Immortel ” is
2d. discount."
not any particular academician, there are not a
What the Society of Authors has done in the past has
few who might have found themselves more or
been excellently well told in the chapter devoted to its
less caricatured in him. Something ought to
workings which Mr. G. H. Putnam has included in his last
edition of “ Authors and Publishers." But this much
be said about “Sapho,” yet a few words would it is necessary to say, to arrive at a proper understand-
be less adequate than none at all. The inscrip ing of the situation: that the Society can in no sense be
tion" pour mes fils quand ils auront vingt ans
said to represent the large body of English authors.
indicates that the work is not milk for babes or
The signatories to the Report itself include but three
writers who might be affected by the scheme; the other
food for bread-and-butter misses, and shows also five are gentlemen of hardly any note in the literary
how large a question any discussion of such world, eminent as they may be in their particular pro-
book must raise. From the technical stand-
fessions. The Society and its organ, “The Author"
point of literary art “Sapho " is as nearly per-
(conducted by Sir Walter Besant), have always gone on
the assumption that the author is the novelist, and from
fect as anything that the author ever wrote. this it bas drawn some of the most ridiculous conclusions.
The literary characteristics of Daudet are As a matter of fact, the Society has nothing whatever
admirably outlined by Professor B. W. Wells,
to do with the “booksellers' grievance," and ought never
upon whose “Modern French Literature"
to have been consulted. The publishers have found out
we
this error of theirs, and many of them are regretting the
have relied for many of the dates and other
step they took.
matters of fact given in the present sketch. We The trouble, so far as the booksellers are concerned,
are told that “to the naturalistic temper he is accentuated by the fact that drapers have taken to
brought the mind of an idyllic poet,” that rather
selling books at cutting prices. If publishers would but
than “ architectural power” he had “ the style
resist the temptation to “jobbing" large quantities, this
might not happen. But then, how can we give the
of an impressionist painter.' The resulting booksellers all our sympathy, when we find so many of
product“ attains the highest effects of art with them who have never appreciated what it means to sell
out artificiality, and is at once classical and
books? The books they sell are so much goods, or
modern." These formulæ serve fairly well to
“stuff," and it is a rare chance that one comes across a
really intelligent and well-educated bookseller.
express the essence of Alphonse Daudet's work
Next to this “ booksellers' grievance" we have been
and to record the residual impression left by interested in the selling of rare books — the library of
many years of acquaintance with his varied the Earl of Ashburnham. The past six days have fur-
books of fiction.
nished columns of reports in the daily press of the enor-
mous prices these books have realized. The first portion
of this library was disposed of last July, and realized
the sum of almost £32,000, or $160,000. The second
ENGLISH CORRESPONDENCE.
and smaller portion, just dispersed, has brought in nearly
£19,000, or $95,000. Without a doubt the high prices
London, Dec. 20, 1897. are due to the reputation of the library, and to the
We have been much exercised during the past week handsome commissions your countrymen have sent over.
with long discussions on the Report issued by the Society Let me give a few instances: George Gascoigne's “Whole
of Authors. Your readers may not appreciate what this Workes” (1587), a book which rarely fetches more
means. I will therefore, with your permission, explain than £20, found a purchaser for £40; Glanvelk’s “ De
the matter as clearly as I am able. In this country, most Proprietatibus Rerum," printed by Wynkyn de Worde,
books are retailed to the public, by the booksellers, at a is undoubtedly a very uncommon work, but £195 is also
discount of three pence in the shilling, or about six cents an uncommon price. An imperfect copy of Caxton's
to the quarter dollar. For some years past the book edition of Gower's “Confessio Amantis” (1483) was
sellers have been complaining to the publishers that the knocked down for £188, and the second edition, from
giving of this discount leaves a margin of profit insuffi the press of Berthelot, for £20. A fine copy of Graf-


00
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
ton's "Chronicles of Englande” (1570) went for £70, Mr. Browne is also to be congratulated on his interest-
while the edition of Hakluyt's Voyages, with the rare ing causeries.
map and the original suppressed leaves, was bought for Talking of the Roycroft Printing Shop reminded me
$1,375. An unusual price for John Heywood's “The of “The Philistine,” which in its turn reminded me of
Spider and the Flie" is $182, but this is what Mr. “ The Bibelot," and this again of Mr. Mosher of Port-
Quaritch gave for it. In printed “ Books of Hours ” land, Maine. You can have hardly any idea of how
the library was especially rich, and copies brought such sore many people here feel against Mr. Mosher. Mr.
prices as $300, $705, $895, $525, $825, $595. For Andrew Lang started the crusade against him for pirat-
a magnificent copy of “ Heures," printed in 1525 by | ing “Ballads and Lyrics of Old France” and “ Helen
« Maistre Geofry Tory,” Mr. Quaritch gave $4,300. of Troy.” But since the reprint of Mr. Pater's " Essays
Mr. Richard Heber's copy of the first edition (Rouen, from the Guardian," indignation has risen very high
1488) of the famous romance, “Lancelot du Lac," indeed. A correspondent in “Literature
can with
fetched $670; the 1494 edition, printed upon vellum, difficulty restrain himself. Of course, it is unfortunate,
realized $375. An early and very rare work on Florida, but one can hardly blame Mr. Mosher for doing what he
Laudonniere's “ Notable Historie, containing Foure does. He finds a certain condition of things and takes
Voyages . . . unto Florida" (1587), was purchased by advantage of them — that is all. Somehow, I feel that
Mr. Stevens for $1,950. Caxton's translation of Le the authors whom Mr. Mosher annexes owe him a vote
Fevre's “Recueill of the Historyes of Troye,” and of thanks for the engaging dress in which he clothes
printed by him about 1472 or 1474, was sold for $4,750; them. Were I the author of " Helen of Troy," it would
the copy wanted 49 leaves, and was purchased by its charm me not a little to see the poem so prettily dis-
late owner at Mr. E. V. Utterson's sale. The same played on hand-made paper and soft parchment. If
author's “ Boke of the Hoole Lyf of Jason," and printed one is stopped on the highway, one would rather hand
by the same printer, circa 1477, reached the substantial one's purse over to a courteous knight than to the rough-
amount of $10,500. It is quite perfect, and is remark and-ready bludgeoner. I do not mean by this that
able in that it has rough edges. I might take up the Mr. Mosher stops anyone on the highway – it is the
whole of your space with items of similar interest and fault of my comparison - but that Mr. Mosher has had
rarity; but I have given sufficient to indicate that book the good taste to handle his gentlemen with care and
collecting has not lost its fascination, and that there must attention. Let them thank their good stars that they
be many ardent book-lovers who consider money no have fallen into hands so solicitous for their well-being.
equivalent for the joy obtained in the possession of a In the matter of good printing, good paper, and pretty
rare specimen of printing or a rare edition of a classic. binding, I am of opinion that the gentleman from Port-
So far as the literary world is concerned, I cannot land, Maine, can teach a lesson or two even to London
report much. The reviews on Mr. Le Gallienne's per publishers.
petration of a version of Omar Khayyàm have afforded I have but one more item of information, and it is
much amusement to that gentleman's enemies, and prob somewhat important. It relates to an Englishman who
ably no little chagrin to his friends. He is unfortunate bas just been writing about you and your country, and
lately; but I am afraid he must blame himself for to a young and rising English publisher. They are
giving others an impression that is certainly not nice, collaborating on a novel or a romance, which is to deal
and that probably may not be true. I hear that he is with the adventures of a nineteenth-century gentleman
to pay the United States a visit shortly, for the purpose in the days of the Roman empire. The writer is Mr.
of an extended lecturing tour. If you like him you will Steevens, author of “The Land of the Almighty Dollar”;
be in love with him; if you dislike him, you 'll feel it the publisher is Mr. Grant Richards. Mr. Richards's
“strong."
name calls to my mind that he will publish next year
We are about to have two new translations of Omar a long novel by “George Egerton,” the lady of “ Key-
Khayyam one from Mr. E. Heron-Allen, a gentleman notes" fame. The novel will deal with the “question”
fairly well-known here for his interest in violins; the which Mme. Sarah Grand has had all to herself. Now
other from Mr. John Payne, the translator of the Villon we may expect “The Second Beth Book.”
Society's edition of the “ Arabian Nights." The latter
TEMPLE Scott.
will probably find many purchasers; and as the edition
is to be limited, and published under the auspices of the
society for which Mr. Payne has done such yeomen ser-
vice, it may be taken for granted that there will not be
TWO DIALS.
many copies going a-begging. I may also announce
that there is to be issued in the coming spring a volume
One dial, I think of, on a tower's face:-
dealing with the bibliography of the translations of
Surrounded by the ivy's mild caress,
Omar's Rubaiyát. In this connection, I think, all praise
It seems uplifted from the care and stress
should be accorded to Mr. Nathan Haskell Dole, whose
Of hurried men who fill the market-place;
variorum edition of the quatrains of the poet tent-maker
Unminding self, or them, it does but trace
of Naishápur is one of the most excellent specimens of
The sky's far message, bring it more or less
works of its kind. A few copies have managed to find
Of comfort to the waiting heart's distress;
their way here, despite the vigilant eyes of the post-
Thy joys," it says, “and sorrows flit apace.”
office and custom authorities, and, I need hardly say, Another Dial: it speaks among us here
they are much prized.
With diverse message from life's vibrant Thought
I have noticed one or two copies on sale here of Mr. That moves as if with banners bright unfurled,
Irving Browne's “In the Track of the Book-Worm," a That comes to lonely workers with its cheer
volume which has been issued by the Roycroft Printing And song of widening courage fair inwrought,
Shop of East Aurora, N. Y., U.S. A. The book is ap And throbs with every heart-beat of the world.
preciated for its unusual printing and general "get-up."
FREDERIC L. LUQUEER.
66


1898.]
9
THE DIAL
plain that these volumes lay in their author's
The New Books.
mind as a series, even if he never spoke of them
as such or gave them a collective name.
DR. JUSTIN WINSOR'S LAST BOOK.*
In such a case, any possible division of the
whole subject into separate books or volumes
The eighth and last volume of Dr. Justin
Winsor's “ Narrative and Critical History of
must be more or less arbitrary. Still, the
America" appeared in 1889. That monu-
present work is well marked off by its subject-
matter from what came both before and after.
mental work finished, the indefatigable scholar
who had written much of it, as well as planned
It presents three closely connected groups of
and edited the whole, immediately sought out
facts: First, the gathering of forces in the
new fields of conquest. In the eight years that region west of the Alleghany Mountains follow-
ing the French and Indian War that made it
succeeded, Dr. Winsor contributed to literature
possible for the United Colonies to contest its
four independent historical works. 66 Christo-
pher Columbus and how he Revived and Im-
possession with Great Britain in the War of
parted the Spirit of Discovery,” 674 pages,
the Revolution ; secondly, the resulting contest,
appeared in 1891. Next came “Cartier to
which culminated in the Treaty of Paris, 1783,
determining the first boundaries of the Repub-
Frontenac,' ” 379 pages, 1894. The next year
“The Mississippi Basin ” came out, 484 pages.
lic; thirdly, the subsequent struggle whereby
And now, at the end of 1897, we have “The Northwest and the Spanish hold of the South-
the Republic shook off the British hold of the
Westward Movement,” 598 pages. These
west, thus for the first time setting free all its
works all bear the same well-known marks
members. The author of " The Westward
thorough original investigation, strong grasp
Movement” thus describes the compass of the
of material especially cartography, and ad-
work:
mirable synthesis of historical and scientific
Adding the time which was necessary to carry out
elements. These are all very great merits in these treaties (Jay's, 1794, and San Lorenzo, 1795], it is
an historical writer. In his chosen field no one now an even hundred years since the title of the United
denies, but all admit, Dr. Winsor's easy supe States to this vast region lying between the Appala-
riority; he is a master indeed. But when we
chians, the Great Lakes, and the Mississippi was un-
mistakably confirmed. For more than thirty years after
come to method and style, not so much can be
the peace of 1763, the colonies and the Republic strug-
said. Dr. Winsor is never weak and is some gled to maintain the American spirit on this eastern-
times picturesque; but he has no claim to rank, central area of the continent. Independence achieved,
to put it mildly, among the masters of historical for twelve or fifteen years the United States strove to
composition. Still, his works are of solid and
round out its territorial promise. The history of this
Western region during all those years was constantly
enduring value, and when all the facts attend-
moulded by its geography, and it is the purpose of the
ing their production are considered, they reveal present volume to show the ever-varying aspects of this
large resources and great productivity of mind. struggle.”
The last one is invested with a tender interest, The story closes (although the book itself lin-
coming to us, as it does, just after the author's gers for another page) with the words :
untimely death. It is painful to a student of “So ends the story of the rounding out of the terri-
American history to think that this field of study
torial integrity of the Republic, as Franklin, Adams,
and Jay had secured it in 1782, against the indirection
will never be enriched by further productions
of our enemies, French, Spanish, and British.”
from Dr. Winsor's
pen.
We have spoken of the four volumes that exposition of the important topics they embrace
Within these limits lies, no doubt, the ablest
have appeared since 1889 as independent works.
In name they are so, but the last three in reality Winsor is called upon, in dealing with these
which has ever been given to the public. Dr.
constitute a connected series, as is shown by
their secondary titles,-“ Geographical Dis-
topics, to pass judgment upon some mooted
points. To two or three of these we shall direct
covery in the Interior of North America in its
attention.
Historical Relations, 1534-1700"; "The Strug.
gle in America between England and France,
From the days when the American plenipo-
1697-1763”; “ The Colonies and the Republic
tentiaries at Paris were struggling to bring the
West of the Alleghanies, 1760-1798." It is
Revolutionary War to a successful diplomatic
issue, there have been two opposing views of
* THE WESTWARD MOVEMENT. The Colonies and the the real relation of the French Government
Republic West of the Alleghenies, 1763–1798. With Carto-
graphical Illustrations from Contemporary Sources. By Justin
at that time to our national integrity. As re-
Winsor. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
spects the West, England was naturally dis-


10
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
Winsor say:
one.
posed to make the smallest concession that stands Western history will depreciate this bril-
would meet the case ; wbile Spain was bound liant exploit; still it is by no means certain
that the Republic should be shut up east of the that the conquest was the pivotal point on
Mountains, or, if admitted to the West, should which the surrender turned. Some historical
be cribbed and confined within narrow limits. scholars certainly will be glad to hear Dr.
But what did France want? Dr. Franklin
held, at the time, that Count de Vergennes, “ So the Spanish and French Bourbons were thwarted
who for this purpose was France, was acting in reality by the adhesion of England to her old colonial
in good faith toward the United States ; but
charters, and by her purpose to make them an inheritance
for her emancipated colonies. The conquest of the
John Jay and John Adams believed that he
Northwest by Clark told in the final result rather more
was secretly playing into the hands of Spain. against the pretensions of Spain than against those of
These are the Franklin and the Jay-Adams England.”
views of the situation, which have been pro In formulating the American claims to the
jected forward to the present time, and neither West, the Committee of Congress threw the
of which gives a sign of coming to an end. emphasis upon the chartered limits of the old
The question is a subject for a monograph ; we colonies ; and yet, as already stated, men have
have space here to say but little more than that not been wanting who denied that the charters
it is a fact for scholars to note that Dr. Win had any considerable influence upon the issue.
sor, as the last sentence quoted above would But whatever the fact may be, it is not a little
suggest, throws the weight of his authority into curious that England, our bitter enemy, was
the Jay-Adams scale. He holds that the pub more willing to give us the West than France,
lications of Circourt, Fitzmaurice, Doniol, and our firm ally, and Spain, the ally of France,
Stevens have justified the suspicions of the two were that we should have it.
negotiators rather than the confidence of the The Ordinance of 1787 presents two moot
points, one relating to its origin and one to its
“ Vergennes’ present purpose was patent. He wished authority. Dr. Winsor utters no uncertain
to weaken the United States, and he desired to have sound on either one. Once it was the fashion,
England acknowledge that the bounds of Canada ran to
in accordance with the ancient custom of em-
the Ohio, so that if ever a turn in fortune rendered it
possible, France could recover by treaty her possessions
phasizing individual lawgivers, to assign the
in the St. Lawrence Valley."
principal credit of this famous act of legisla-
Dr. Winsor might have added, we think, with
tion to single men, as Thomas Jefferson or
equal truth, that the French Minister also de-
Nathan Dane. Dr. Winsor, of course, adopts
sired to gratify and to strengthen Spain. For-
the newer and sounder view that several minds
tunately, the difference of opinion among our
contributed to it valuable ideas; but while not
representatives at Paris did not practically
going so far as the late Dr. W. F. Poole, who
embarrass the negotiations ; Jay boldly took
led the way in this direction,* he sees plain
the initiative in disregarding the instructions
evidence of the hand of Dr. Manasseh Cutler,
of Congress to consult the Most Christian King
one of the directors of the Ohio Company of
at every step, Franklin acquiesced, and the pre-
Associates.
liminary treaty of peace was concluded, so far
The other question, while less discussed, is
as the Americans were concerned, upon the perhaps even more doubtful. The form of the
theory that Vergennes was playing double. Ordinance is peculiarly impressive. The last
Dr. Winsor quotes Shelburne to the effect that six articles are called “ Articles of Compact
Franklin“wanted to do everything by cunning,"
between the Original States and the people and
and then adds :
States in the said Territory," and are declared
“ He was never more astute - which may be a more
to be " forever unalterable," "unless by com-
pleasing word – than in now yielding to Adams and mon consent.'
The long struggle over the
Jay; and he was never more successfully judicious than question of slavery in the Territories gave an
in disarming the resentment of Vergennes when that
added emphasis. One of the six articles fixed
minister discovered how he had been foiled.”
the boundaries of the future States to be formed
The arguments that disposed England to out of the Territory; and yet not one of these
yield up the West is a subordinate, but still States to-day conforms, or practically ever has
an interesting, question. It is common for his conformed, to these limits ; Congress assumed
torical writers, and especially for historical ora- materially to change lines, and sometimes in
tors, to point to the conquest of George Rogers
“The North American Review," No. 251 : “Dr. Cutler
Clark as the decisive fact. No man who under and the Ordinance of 1787."
in


1898.]
11
THE DIAL
the face of the strongest opposition of the State the Gulf of Mexico and the Rio Grande, and
or States affected. Again, another article for: their extension to the Pacific shore. It is mat-
ever prohibited slavery within the Territory; ter for deep regret that Dr. Winsor did not live
and yet there were slaves, and there long con to tell the story of our national expansion.
tinued to be slaves, within the limits of every We have never understood, and do not now
one of these States with the possible exception understand, why Dr. Winsor, in the prepara-
of Ohio, while in two if not three of them vig. tion of his last three works, wholly refrained
orous efforts were made to give slavery a per. from naming his sources, save as an occasional
manent status. While these facts detract some one is mentioned in the text. It is a serious
what from the solemnity of the Ordinance, we defect. The books are all provided with good
still think Dr. Winsor dismisses it too lightly indexes.
B. A. HINSDALE.
when he says:
“ So the Ordinance of 1787 introduces us to nothing
new in buman progress. There was doubtless that in it
which proved a guiding star for future legislation, as in
GRANT AND LEE AS NATIONAL HEROES.*
the struggle over the slavery question in Illinois; but it
may well be questioned if later enactments, without The issue together of volumes on Grant and
such a beacon, and keeping in sight the interests of the
Lee in such a series as that of the “ Heroes of
community as they arose, would not have made of the
Northwest all that it has become. The provisions of
the Nations " gives the critic pause. The pub-
this fundamental law were operative just so far as the lishers of this now deservedly popular series of
public interests demanded, and no further, and the public biographies state in their prospectus that “ the
interests would have had their legitimate triumph current of each national life is distinctly indi-
unaided by it. The Ordinance simply shared this con-
dition with all laws in communities which are self-
cated, and its picturesque and noteworthy pe-
respecting and free.”
riods and episodes are presented for the reader,
in
to
show, in our opinion, that much of the large
well as to universal history.” Here is an explicit
wedge of territory lying between the Ohio and
proposal to unfold not only the facts but also
Mississippi rivers, which reaches so far towards
the underlying truths of national life out of
the Gulf of Mexico, would, to say the least,
which those facts flow and by means of which
have been completely given over to slavery for
they must be estimated. The historian who goes
a considerable term of years, as the territory beyond the mere narrative to philosophical
on either side of it was, if it had not been for
relations has assumed the responsibility, if not
this powerful bulwark of free labor.
of a teacher, at least of a prophet, and we have
The name “ Westward Movement” is sin.
a right to look to him for guidance in our effort
gularly well chosen for such a work as this.
to discriminate the good from the hurtful, the
Next to the planting of English civilization on
permanent from the transient, in national life
the Atlantic slope in the first part of the seven-
and progress.
With such a conception of the function of
teenth century, the planting of American civili-
zation in the Great West in the second part of
the historian of a people's life, we are fain to
the eighteenth century is the most impressive ask the question, What is a national hero?
event in our history. This fact even scholars
This may be said to involve the subordinate
living east of what used to be called “the
question, What is a hero? There is no diffi.
Mountains are coming to understand. Dr.
culty in arriving at a general consensus of
Winsor's valuable work will hasten the com-
opinion on this latter point. Men are pretty
mon appreciation of this great event.
well agreed on the nature of true heroism, and
As we have seen, the work closes with the
cheerfully accord to the doer of a brave or self-
execution of the treaties of 1794 and 1795,
sacrificing deed or series of deeds their word of
which set free the Northwestern and South-
praise, without reference to any larger environ.
ment of fact or of idea. Heroes are to be found
western limbs of the young and growing Re-
public. This consummation had been devoutly
in every band of rebels, and heroism in associa-
wished for, and striven for, by both people and
* ULYSSES S. GRANT, and the Period of National Preserva-
tion and Reconstruction. By Colonel W. C. Church, Editor
government ever since 1783.
Once accom-
U.S. Army and Navy Journal. “Heroes of the Nations"
plished, it became the point of departure for Series. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
the first enlargement of the national dominion, ROBERT E. LEE, and the Southern Confederacy. By H. A.
the Louisiana Purchase, and for the ultimate
White, Professor of History in Washington and Lee Univer-
sity. “Heroes of the Nations" Series. New York: G. P
bringing down of the national boundaries to Putnam's Sons.


12
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
tion with every grade of morality or immorality. share the miseries of my people, and, save in defense,
But when one comes to the larger question, will draw my sword on none.
What is a national hero? more complex ele-
It affects this not at all that the Preamble
ments are to be faced, and a larger view of life is says nothing about "perpetual union," as Lee
to be taken. Here also personal character may supposed. With the sound of his patriotic
not enter in to make or to mar our estimate, words in our ears, one turns page after
page
of
albeit it assuredly may heighten or depress the his latest biography with profound melancholy.
sum total. But will anyone undertake calmly One looks in vain in these four hundred and
to
say that any man is or can be a national hero fifty pages for a calm and adequate estimate
the
supreme
effort and achievement of whose of one who was probably the greatest master of
career is not efficient toward the life and pro- military strategy this country has produced, of
gress of the whole nation? Far be it from any one who was as pure and unselfish in all his
sane critic to say aught in disparagement of the personal life as he was sadly mistaken in his
nobility of soul and of character of that magnifi- public career. The author is too busy in posing
cent soldier and man, Robert E. Lee. Men are as the champion of a lost cause, which time and
coming more and more — without regard to public opinion have decided not to be a national
section- to know that this was one of the sweet one or a good one, and which we leave to
est and serenest lives ever lived in the public the condemnation spoken by the words above
gaze, and to recognize the transcendent military quoted, - ever to take time to do full justice
ability which so long held at bay a lengthening to his hero. It is pitiful, in these closing
list of commanders, and yielded at last only years of the century, to read that “in the
when resistance was no longer possible. One planter's home the African learned to set a
will as readily grant that it was from a mistaken higher value upon the domestic virtues which
sense of duty that he conscientiously gave his he saw illustrated in the lives of Christian men
sword to a cause whose motive principle and women "; to see all the social features of
offended his reason and outraged his heart, “the peculiar institution” set down in the
although aware that men of the South as brave credit column, and only the economic results
and as conscientious as he abandoned their debited to the powers of evil. Let Lee's own
homes to fight in the ranks marshalled against words “I think it is a greater evil to the
their people, or else remained to face obloquy white race than to the black race" - be a
and ostracism. But that man was no secession sufficient answer, though it but half lift the
ist who wrote, as late as January 23, 1861, the veil from the festering plague-spot of slavery.
words:
One learns in this book — despite Lee's opinion
“ As an American citizen I take great pride in my to the contrary — that the idea of the fathers,
country, her prosperity and her institutions, and would one and all, did not go further than a temporary
defend any State if her rights were invaded. But I
and “trial" union; that “ slowly upward toward
can anticipate no greater calamity for the country than
a dissolution of the Union. It would be an accumula-
a fitness for citizenship this mild servitude was
tion of all the evils we complain of, and I am willing to lifting the negro.'
lifting the negro." The Dred Scott decision is
sacrifice everything but honour for its preservation. I bandled as reverently as the ark of the covenant;
hope, therefore, that all constitutional means will be ex-
one would never gather here that it marked the
hausted before there is a resort to force. Secession is
nothing but revolution. The framers of our Constitu- lowest humiliation of our great court, or that it
tion never exbausted so much labour, wisdom, and for was obiter dicta. One reads regarding Lincoln
bearance in its formation, and surrounded it with so
that " want of accurate knowledge concerning
many guards and securities, if it was intended to be
the origin of the Federal Union inspired the
broken by every member of the Confederacy at will. It
historical errors of the Inaugural Address of
is intended for perpetual Union,' so expressed in the
preamble, and for the establishment of a government,
March 4, 1861, which was merely the untenable
not a compact, which can only be dissolved by revolu- theory of original consolidation,” and that
tion, or the consent of all the people in convention as “ President Lincoln ventured to designate a
sembled. It is idle to talk of secession: anarchy would
committee's recommendation in 1774 as a legal
have been established, and not a government, by Wash-
ington, Hamilton, Jefferson, Madison, and all the other
instrument establishing a government !” Of
patriots of the Revolution. . . Still, a Union that can his Gettysburg speech we learn that it was “ a
only be maintained by swords and bayonets, and in which masterpiece of rhetorical beauty, and also of
strife and civil war are to take the place of brotherly the art of shifting great issues.” Of McClellan,
love and kindness, has no charm for me. I shall mourn
in the summer of 1862, it is said that " while
for my country and for the welfare and progress of
mankind. If the Union is dissolved and the Govern he was glorying in the title accorded him of
ment disrupted, I shall return to my native State and • the Young Napoleon,' Lee, on the other hand,


1898.]
13
THE DIAL
was bending every energy to collect the scat frank to criticize his own mistakes in his “ Per-
tered Confederates.” But one's melancholy issonal Memoirs." There is, however, a steadily
quickened into something like indignation, growing conviction that the highest mark of
when, turning to the title-page, he reads that his genius is found in his “ having his own
this belated exploiter of dead institutions and way" in the face of the political mismanagers
dead theories of government, who writes the at Washington, and even of public opinion –
symbols of a double doctorate after his name, a thing that all his military predecessors had
is a professor of history in an American Col. not been able to dare to do. This large cour-
lege, and that one which bears the name of age to go ahead and hew out his own road in
Washington. It is a misfortune for the grand spite of all adverse criticism was the one thing
“Old Dominion " that its sons are still being the nation needed to constrain the genius of
taught such strange things in the name of Lee, and it could afford even the costly experi-
truth, and that the true music of such a har ments of the campaigns from the Rapidan to
monious life, personally, as that of Lee should the James in 1884 to give such a rider a firm
be marred by such an accompaniment. One and commanding seat.
note sounds true in the book. It is the presen The simplicity of Grant's nature is well set
tation of the folly of reconstruction methods, forth, even in the mistakes which it made pos-
which the lamented death of Lincoln made pos sible; and he comes forth with credit even from
sible. Forcible in their antitheses are the fol the disastrous personal experiences which cast a
lowing sentences :
gloom over his last days. The great, simple-
“The war of aggression against the Southern States hearted, silent warrior, who fought that the
had been prosecuted upon Lincoln's theory that these land might have peace, and whose grandest
states were still in the Union, and could not possibly get
ont. Congress dealt with them upon the theory that
voucher as a great commander is found in the
the war had left them out of the Union, and they could
undying loyalty of his peer-Sherman-stands
not enter within except through the mercy of the con unadorned in these pages. Many who cannot
querors, who held them as subjugated provinces !” share the satisfaction of Colonel Church in his
The narrative, in this book, of Lee's cam contemplation of the presidential career, and
paigns is spirited and well done, and if this had who, regretting that the drum-and-fife theory
been the main theme small room for criticism of government forced the great captain into a
could be found. The same commendation political career for which his simple-minded
may be given to Colonel Church's volume on honesty unfitted him, would gladly have seen
Grant. This writer has handled the military him pass from his battle record to the rewards
life of his hero with great discernment, and has of private life, will be content to leave him to
made a fine summary. Here again, however, his military fame. And to that other, while not
although the many personal touches - espe a hero of the Nation, they will ever give the
cially from the earlier life of Grant — are homage of respect and admiration due to a great
pleasing, there is no attempt at an estimate of soul which, sorely tried, went on its chosen way
the military man, although the constant pres with an humble and reverent spirit to the end.
ence in these pages of three out of four of the
JOHN J. HALSEY.
greatest soldiers of our age-Grant, Lee, Sher-
man, Johnston-continually suggests one. The
very different character of the task given each
THE SCIENCE AND HISTORY OF
one of these men, involving not only military
VOLCANOES.*
accomplishment, but also resources of men,
equipment, and transport, makes a comparison
The science of geology has now reached that
as impossible as it is undesirable. It is not
stage of advancement where data on many ques-
tions are sufficiently full to make it profitable
necessary to disparage either Lee or Grant for
to gather them into a connected and unified
the purpose of estimating the other. Each
whole. Two notable works on volcanoes, one
made mistakes, especially in his earlier cam-
on those of Great Britain and one on those of
paigning in Virginia. Each had abilities
which the other lacked. Professor White * ANCIENT VOLCANOES OF GREAT BRITAIN. By Sir Archi-
bald Geikie, Director General of the Geological Survey of
makes the most of such criticism on Grant as
Great Britain and Ireland. With maps and illustrations. In
is found in Walker's “ History of the Second two volumes. New York: The Macmillan Co.
Army Corps,” with reference to Cold Harbor; VOLCANOES OF NORTH AMERICA: A Reading Lesson for
Students of Geography and Geology. By Israel C. Russell,
and Colonel Church's sketch does not meet
Professor of Geology, University of Michigan. With maps
fully such attack. But General Grant was and illustrations. New York: The Macmillan Co.


14
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
up
the United States, may be regarded as attempts “I shall try to show the nature and relative import-
of this sort, and as representing what is likely
ance of the records of ancient volcanoes; how these
to be one of the chief phases of the work of records, generally so fragmentary, may be pieced to
gether so as to be made to furnish the history which
geologists in the future, namely, the construc they contain; how their relative chronology may be es-
tive or synthetic phase. While the analysis tablished; how their testimony may be supplemented in
which must precede this sort of work may not
such wise that the position of long vanished seas, lands,
yet be complete in any field, it has gone so far
rivers, and lakes may be ascertained; and how, after
ages of geological revolution, volcanic rocks that have
in many that synthesis is profitable, even if not
lain long buried under the surface now influence the
final. That it is not final, none know better scenery of the regions where they have once more been
than those who attempt it. In the preface to exposed to view."
his work on “ Ancient Volcanoes of Great In carrying out this plan, the author has taken
Britain,” Sir Archibald Geikie says that a pains to make sharp distinctions between facts
book which is abreast of our knowledge to-day and theories, and between theories that are well
begins to be left behind to-morrow. While founded and those that are merely speculative.
this is probably measurably true, the volumes The study of the ancient volcanoes is taken
before us are at least up to date now,
and are historically. There is an account of the vol.
not likely to become antiquated for a long time canoes and volcanic rocks of each of the several
to come.
great divisions of geological time, beginning
Sir Archibald Geikie has become well known with the pre-Cambrian. Those of Cambrian,
as one of the few geologists able to present a Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Ter-
technical subject in a semi-popular way without tiary ages are dealt with successively. In the
sacrificing the accuracy of the subject-matter case of each period, the study of volcanoes is
involved, and his present work will in no way taken up much as it might be in the case of ex-
detract from his reputation in this line. While, isting or recent volcanoes ; that is, the ancient
as the title indicates, the object is to give an volcanoes are studied with reference to their
account of the ancient volcanoes of Great Brit- types of eruption, the conditions under which
ain, this account is prefaced by a series of the eruptions took place, the character of the
chapters that prepare the reader not already products discharged, the variations in these
thoroughly familiar with this phase of geology products during a period of activity, etc.
for an appreciation of that which follows. The In discussing the volcanic action of the vari-
introductory chapters give a brief but adequate ous periods, the author has frequently taken
glance at the views which have prevailed at pains to bring out at the same time the salient
various times concerning the nature of volca- points in the physical geography of Great Brit-
noes, a brief statement concerning the causes ain; thus, we find sections with such headings
of volcanic activity, a discussion of volcanic as “ The Physical Geography of the Cambrian
products, and a general account of existing Period,” and “Land and Sea of Silurian
volcanoes, from the study of which geologists Times." These topics, which at first thought
have learned how to study and interpret the might appear to be outside the scope of the
volcanoes of the past. But this introductory volume, really have a bearing upon the main
study of existing volcanoes is in itself most in. theme under consideration. This ability to
structive, — far in advance of most text-books.comprehend and portray the broad relations of
The special merit, or at any rate one of the things constitutes one of the charms of Sir
the The study of the ancient volcanoes of Great
historic (in a geological sense) point of view. Britain has led to many general conclusions
Existing volcanoes are described as the descend which are of interest. The ancient volcanoes are
ants of a long line of ancestors, and their full found to be distributed in a belt running length-
significance is seen only when studied in the wise of the island and along its west side. They
light of this ancestry. Only when so studied have been so widely distributed in time that the
do they throw their true light on the problems persistence of volcanic activity is to be regarded
of the physical evolution of the globe. The in as one of the great facts of geological history.
troduction of this historical idea into the study Furthermore, the volcanic activity has been
of existing volcanoes is an admirable prepara intermittent. Nearly every great division of
tion for the more detailed portion of the work, Paleozoic time - namely, Cambrian, Silurian
in which the author's aim, stated in his own (Lower), Devonian, and Carboniferous — has
language, is as follows:
had its great series of eruptions; but there was


1898.]
15
THE DIAL
general quiet, so far as this phase of activity was nected in time with the latest great orographic
concerned, in the Upper Silurian. The Meso movements of Western Europe.
zoic periods seem not to have been marked by Another conclusion of moment is that there
volcanic activity within the area considered, but has been essential uniformity of volcanism since
such activity was renewed in the early Tertiary. the known beginnings of geological history.
While extending through this great range of While volcanic activity has been widely distri-
time, the periods of activity have been separated buted throughout geological time, the periods
by long intervals of quiescence. The same of eruption during the Paleozoic seem to con-
localities have served repeatedly for the dis- stitute a diminishing series from Lower Silu-
charge of lava and other igneous products. rian to Permian, the periods of activity being
Thus, in southwestern England there were great separated by intervals of quiescence. After
eruptions in the Devonian, the Subcarbonifer the Permian there was a long period of qui-
ous, and the Permian. In southern Scotland,
In southern Scotland, escence, following which volcanic activity was
within a very restricted area, there were Silu- renewed on a scale greater than at any previous
rian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian time; so that it cannot be concluded that vol-
eruptions. Another important conclusion is canic activity is declining.
canic activity is declining. The study of the
that the sites of volcanoes, throughout the his- | igneous rocks of all ages leads to the conclusion
tory of Great Britain, were not determined by that there is no less and no greater variety of
any obvious structure in the rocks now visible. igneous matter in recent than in earlier times,
They were not usually connected with faults, showing that there has been an essential uni-
even when faults existed near the volcanic formity of products as well as of activities.
The study of the ancient volcanoes also shows
that the volcanic vents were, as a rule, on low that there is a recognizable sequence in the
land rather than on high, throughout the course nature of the materials erupted during a single
of the physical history of Great Britain. The volcanic period, from the earliest to the latest
great series of volcanic rocks occuring in the times, and that, in spite of occasional departures,
central hollow of the Scottish midlands found the normal order remains broadly uniform. In
their
way to the surface in a region which was general, the earlier eruptions of each period
a great depression at the time they were ex were most basic and the later most acid, indi-
truded. The great Tertiary eruptions took cating that there was in the course of a single
place in the depression between the outer ridge period of igneous activity a progressive dimi-
of the Hebrides and the mainland of Scotland; nation in the quantity of bases and a corre-
while the Permian volcanoes were all in valleys, sponding increase in the proportion of acids in
the adjacent highlands being free from them. the lavas discharged. The fact that the igneous
It is suggested that “ a difference of a few hun- rocks of various periods are essentially the same,
dreds or thousands of feet in the depth of over even in the same locality, shows that the magma
lying rock, such as the difference of height from which the discharges proceeded must have
between the bottom of a valley and the tops of been renewed from time to time during the
the adjacent hills, may determine the path of period of quiescence, so that the nature and
escape for the magna through the least thick succession of lavas brought out at one period
ness of overarching roof.”
are much the same as those of another.
The conclusion is reached that periods of The volumes are illustrated by nearly 400
general crustal disturbance were in a general figures, and by seven maps which show the dis-
way periods when volcanic activity was great, tribution of the volcanoes and igneous rocks of
and that periods of crustal quiescence were the several periods.
periods during which volcanic action was least.
The Lower Silurian period was a period of
Professor Russell's work on the volcanoes of
general crustal disturbance in Great Britain, North America covers a much wider area than
and these disturbances were accompanied by the work just considered, but a correspond-
great volcanic activity. The Upper Silurian ingly more restricted period of time. Its object
was a period of general quiet, and there was is “ to make clear the principal features of vol.
little volcanic activity. The great disturbances canoes in general, and to place in the hands of
of the Old Red Sandstone period were acom students a concise account of the leading facts
panied or followed by great outpourings of lava; thus far discovered concerning the physical
while the Tertiary volcanic activity, perhaps the features of North America which can be traced
greatest in the history of the island, was con directly to the influence of volcanic action."


16
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
He says:
neum.
The scope
of this volume is therefore much more deals with a phase of volcanic products which
limited than that of the preceding work. The is less familiar than most others. The great
time is not yet ripe for a treatise on the ancient abundance of such dust, and its wide distribu-
volcanoes of North America corresponding in tion, give rise to a conception of volcanic activ-
detail to that on the volcanoes of Great Britain. | ity in North America within recent times which
Before this shall be possible, years of careful is not commonly held. In view of the object
work must be done. Nevertheless, Professor of the volume, Professor Russell is perhaps
Russell's volume, which does not attempt more justified in giving some rein to the imagination
than is now possible, is a welcome summary of in connection with this subject. He
our present knowledge concerning existing and “ The great abundance of volcanic dust in the Cor-
recent volcanoes from the point of view an dilleran region, its wide distribution, and its occurrence
nounced by the author.
in numerous instances at many horizons in the same ver-
Like the author of the preceding volumes,
tical section, is evidence that vast areas in Western North
America have been shrouded in darkness at many sepa-
Professor Russell has devoted an introductory
rate periods, and have time and again witnessed horrors
chapter to the discussion of volcanic phenomena like those which overwhelmed Pompeii and Hercula-
in general. Following this are chapters devoted Disasters similar to those accompanying the
to such topics as “ Types of Volcanoes,” “Stages tervals throughout the Tertiary and Recent history of
eruptions of Conseguina and Krakatoa occurred at in-
in the Lives of Volcanoes," “ Characteristics of
fully one-half of North America."
the Products of Volcanoes," “ Profiles of Vol-
canic Mountains," “ Structure of Volcanic
The effects of these discharges of volcanic dust,
Mountains," "Erosion of Volcanic Mountains,"
as conceived by Professor Russell, are thus ex-
“Subterranean Intrusions," and Character pressed :
istics of Igneous Rocks.” Subsequent chap-
« The volcanic dust of the Pacific states sometimes
contains the bones of mammals and is frequently charged
ters deal with the general question of the dis-
with quantities of leaves, showing that some of the tem-
tribution of volcanoes in North America, and
pests generated by volcanic agencies were disastrous to
give longer or shorter descriptions of the vol. animal and plant life. These and related disturbances
canoes of the different portions of the continent. in environment probably had much to do with the modi-
Following the chapters which describe the active
fication and extinction especially of the higher mam-
malian species."
and extinct volcanoes of Central America,
Mexico, and the United States, an account is
The chapter devoted to a consideration of
given of our present knowledge concerning the
the causes of volcanic action includes an ele-
deposits of volcanic dust. A general discussion mentary statement of the principles believed to
of the causes of volcanic activity follows the
be concerned, and of the various theories that
descriptive portion of the volume. These state-
have been advocated as to the methods according
ments concerning the contents of the volume
to which these principles work. The discussion
may suffice to indicate the ground which it touches the vital points in the explanation of
covers; and if it be added that these various volcanoes, and in such a way as to be readily
topics are treated in such a way as to justify the
understood by readers of maturity, even though
explanatory title, “ A reading lesson for stu-
their knowledge of geology and allied sciences
dents of geology and geography,” the character
be meagre.. While this discussion does not
of the work will be made clear.
contain much that purports to be especially
One of the important and attractive features
new, the presentation of the subject is much
of the book is its treatment of many of the
better than that which appears in most text-
curious and striking geographic features of the
books. Incidentally, some original suggestions
Far West, a region which is as yet too little
are introduced which are well worthy of con-
known even to those who are charged with the
sideration.
direction of geographic study. Throughout
Professor Russell's book will be a valuable
the work, too, Professor Russell has introduced
work of reference for students of geology in
the historical idea into his descriptions of the
the last years of high school, and for maturer
subject-matter in hand, as the topics Stages students who are interested in geology and
in the Lives of Volcanoes” and - The Life geography, even though their preparatory stud-
history of a Volcano " sufficiently show. This ies in these subjects have been neglected. The
gives the volume an additional value to teachers,
volume is illustrated by sixteen plates, some of
as this is an element which has generally re-
which are maps, and some of which are half-
ceived far too little consideration.
tone reproductions of notable volcanic peaks.
The chapter on the deposits of volcano dust
ROLLIN D. SALISBURY.


1898.]
17
THE DIAL
what confused in following the footsteps or the
THE FEMININE INTERPRETATION
vision of Jesus. Altogether, in all matters in
OF JESUS.*
which scholarship is indispensable and of pri.
It sometimes appears as if the more learned mary importance the volume is justly regarded
a life of Jesus is made the less it reveals the by its author as outside of criticism.
personality it seeks to portray. Such learned
In the region, however, in which the book
treatises are very numerous and very useful; does profess to be of help, much more can be
but the number is small of biographies of Jesus said in its behalf.
said in its behalf. As one possibly might ex-
which make his career much more than a string pect, the narrative at times is somewhat over-
upon which to hang archæological disquisitions told, the dramatic incidents are sometimes over-
and pious reflections. Indeed, it is as rare to worked, the completeness of the biography at
find a life of Jesus in English that is a true times is sacrificed to the necessities of dramatic
narrative as it is to find one that is scientific in
interest. But none the less, it is graphic,
its method. It is therefore with interest that earnest, and successful in presenting the inter-
one turns to a biography of Jesus produced by pretation intended. If one is tempted to say
a skilled story-teller who has at the same time that Mrs. Ward has preferred to describe mira-
deep sympathies with things that make for cles rather than teaching, to strain out the less
beauty and righteousness.
difficult elements of the Gospel narrative while
Mrs. Ward characterizes her “Story” as a accepting those about which the critic feels the
narrative — that, and nothing more. Yet the least confidence, to follow Renan — though at
title itself shows that such a narrative is
a great distance - into the uncertain ways of a
intended to set forth some conception of who
romance, the reply is ready that such must of
and what Jesus was. Such a method is legiti- necessity be the method of a narrative, and that
mate, though unusual in this class of literature.
such elements also may very well be elements
It is simply doing for the Gospel what the in the interpretation.
writer of an historical novel does for his sources. And what is the interpretation? The Jesus
Granting that the writer's imagination is kept who looks out from these pages is not a strong,
within the bounds of what his sources make resistless Messiah. Despite his ability to raise
probable, and that facts are not distorted in the the dead, and walk on the waves, and feed
interest of some theory, there is no reason why thousands with a few loaves, he is continually
a character should not be set forth in action as questioning himself as to himself and his mis-
well as by description. But these two conditions sion; he is repeatedly brought to the verge of
are absolute.
despair by the uncertainties that overhang his
As regards the present volume, it can be said mission; he grows weak with alternating periods
that from the point of view of sober historical of exaltation and depression; he looks much
investigation there is nothing in it worthy of with deep eyes at other souls in silence; he
the attention of scholars. The general chro- barely escapes hysteria under severest strain ;
nological scheme of the life of Jesus is that of he hears about him hosts of unseen spirits.
the conventional harmony of the most conserva Withal, he is passionately religious, but trust-
tive sort. It is true that some of the difficulties ing ever to his intuition rather than to his
that beset an uncritical handling of the text
And thus, altogether, he is a woman
are obviated by judicious omissions and the and not a man. Strong and spiritual, he is not
proper placing of emphasis in treatment; but strong and spiritual after a man's fashion. The
that an interpretative narrative really should interpretation is unexpected, is doubtless un-
aid one in solving such problems of harmoniza conscious, but as one re-reads the volume it is
tion as the two cleansings of the Temple is not indubitable.
to be expected. Such few archæological ele And thus we have a new contribution to the
ments as are introduced are treated with the ceaseless effort to interpret the personality of
experienced touch of a maker of novels; but Jesus. For that this work really adds to our
they are those to be found in almost any life of knowledge of him, one cannot for a moment
Christ, and are simply details necessary for doubt. All that subtle, emotional life which
literary treatment. The same is true of geo the mere scholar — especially if he be a man
graphical references, although here accuracy is 80 soon outgrows is discerned by the one who
less pronounced and one becomes at times some comes like Mary to sit in sympathy rather than
THE STORY OF JESUS CHRIST: An Interpretation. By
in analysis and philosophy. In the hands of
Elizabeth Stuart Phelps. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Mrs. Ward some things that have escaped the
reason.


18
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
scholar are thus made to appear, and despite the true genius is an inventor in a larger sense
the limitations of her interpretation it is sure than is the average man, but he is not isolated from
to be helpful because it has made Jesus real-
his kind. If he has ability of the highest order,
has given to him, one may say, the objective and is thoroughly sane, he will see what is practi-
cable and useful. There is risk of society thinking
reality of a hero of a story.
him a visionary or a rebel ; but there is also a possi-
SHAILER MATHEWS.
bility of the insane man imagining himself a genius.
Under the caption "The Person's Equipment"
we have an analysis of instincts, emotions, intelli-
gence, and sentiments, and an account of the man-
PROBLEMS OF SELF AND OF SOCIETY.*
ner in which they are formed by social factors, and
Professor Baldwin follows up his work on “Men- yet tend to rise above the level of the actual at new
tal Development in the Child and in the Race” with points. The person is held to his task by certain
a very important and interesting contribution to sanctions,” and these are not merely outward con-
social psychology. The point to be investigated is
straints, but impulses, desires, ethical and religious
the relation of individual to social development, and
sentiments, which are social products.
the extent to which one throws light on the other.
Coming to the brief concluding chapters on So-
The author describes three methods of dealing with ciety, we find the person set in the only environ-
this problem — the historic, the sociological, and the
ment which is natural to him. The person is the
genetic; and he proposes to use the last, without “particularizing” force, and society generalizes
excluding the others. This method “inquires into
elements of progress introduced by individuals. It
the psychological development of the human indi- is by this reciprocity between habitual conduct and
vidual in the earlier stages of his growth, for light custom on the one hand, and finer or wider accom-
apon his social nature, and also upon the social
modations on the other hand, that society moves
organization in which he bears a part.” The men-
onward. Strong emphasis is laid upon the distinc-
tal development of infancy has been the author's tion between the matter of social organization and
favorite field of study, and his illustrations have the
the functional method. The matter of social or.
freshness of direct personal observation.
ganization consists of thoughts: by which is meant
The volume is divided into two books one on
all sorts of intellectual states, such as imaginations,
the Person (446 pages), and the other on Society knowledges, and informations.”. The process of
(198 pages). The discussion of the “imitative social organization turns on the imitative function.
person” shows the process by which new elements
The person “reaches his subjective understanding
find their way into the life of the soul. Social
of the social copy by imitation, and then he con-
heredity is carefully distinguished from physical firms bis interpretations by another imitative act
heredity. The person is built up by assimilating by which he ejectively reads his self-thought into
the life of society. He becomes himself by becoming
the persons of others. Each of these stages is essen-
a social creature. There is no such contradiction
tial to his growth as a person, and so also is it
between self interest and social interest as Mr. Ben-
essential to the growth of society. For society
jamin Kidd assumes. It is rational for a man to
grows by imitative generalization of the thoughts of
further the common good because his reason itself
individuals.
would not exist save through the creative forces in-
No brief summary can do justice to the wealth
herent in society.
of suggestions of this vigorous treatise. But a few
The social person is always an inventor, making words of interrogation may put readers on their
discoveries for himself if not for the world. Im- guard, and set them upon a search for omitted fac-
portant aids to the inventive process are language,
tors in social organization; and the caution is sug-
play, and art.
Play, for example, is not merely gested by the author himself in several places. We
the outburst of superabundant vitality running to
are distinctly told that the historical and sociologi-
waste, and it is more than mere imitation of the
cal methods, with the data of anthropology and
serious labors of adults ; it is actual training for the analysis of institutions, are used only in a subordi-
motions, gestures, labors, and arts of the community.
nate way. The phenomena held in the foreground
are those of infant life. One may accept as probable
* SOCIAL AND ETHICAL INTERPRETATIONS IN MENTAL the hypothesis that the child recapitulates the pre-
DEVELOPMENT. By James Mark Baldwin, New York: The
Macmillan Company.
vious social history of mankind, and reproduces in
THE STUDY OF CITY GOVERNMENT. By Delos F. Wilcox.
his attainment of selfhood the dialectic” by which
New York: The Macmillan Company.
society advances from mob impulses to ethical con-
THE COMING PEOPLE. By Charles F. Dole. New York: trol. But if the best method of learning the process
Thomas Y. Crowell & Co.
of child development is to watch and interpret their
INEQUALITY AND PROGRESS. By George Harris. Boston:
Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
physical manifestations of psychical life, then the
SOCIAL FACTS AND FORCES. By Washington Gladden.
most fruitful and reliable method of studying social
New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
psychology must be directly to observe and interpret
THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SOCIAL REFORM, Edited by
the embodiments and relations of society in its in-
W. D. P. Bliss. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Co.
stitutions. Since the infant is a product of social


1898.]
19
THE DIAL
history and a prophecy of the social future, we should “The Coming People" discussed by Mr. Charles
carefully study him; but human society never was F. Dole are the products of natural selection in a
composed entirely of infants.
rational and ethical universe. The old moral virtues
We fully agree with the author's rejection of the of honesty, veracity, kindness, justice, are not feeble
reduction of sociology to a sort of biology, and of ideals of optimistic dreams, but their sanctions are
the whole process of reasoning from biological in the actual world. The might of the cosmos is in
analogies. An adequate study of the individual them. The modern world is producing a higher
mind must, however, consider the relation of mind type. For the care of long-horned cattle, wild and
to body; and so an adequate study of society must fierce, we need rude cow-boys, with revolvers and
have regard to the material forms which are the long whips ; but for sleek short-horne and well-bred
revelation of social life and the means of its progress. Jerseys, another and finer type of man must be
Therefore we may hesitate to accept as final and chosen as keepers. This is the theme of Mr. Dole's
complete this summary (p. 522): 5 The organiza- attractive and inspiring book. It is a series of ser-
tion which is effected in social life is, in all its forms, mons, - optimistic, bearing with stress upon the
a psychological organization. Its materials are moral sense, not specially instructive for the student
psychological materials : thoughts, with all their of special social sciences and problems, and giving
issue in desires, impulses, sanctions, consciences, bare outlines of the ethical ideals of social coopera-
sentiments.” In New England graveyards one sees tion. The severe cost and pains by which progress
carved on the ancient tombstones images of saints must be paid for are not overlooked. The writer
or angels, bodiless figures with only faces and wings. is sane, well-informed, awake to the infamies which
The effect on the modern mind is grotesque. Society blot our civilization, and without any panacea for
as we know it in this world exists on the land and human ills; but he is always clear as to the power
sea, draws its physical energies from soil and air, which makes for righteousness, always sure that
and every one of its members is a composite being iniquity is feeble and truth alone is strong. It is a
with all the parts and organs of an animal. Ade noble and healthy book, by one who has long taught
quate synthesis of social studies compels a full rec men to regard the duties of society as sacred, and
ognition of what Schäffle calls “the Social Body." now shows that these duties are based on a rational,
Yet if we had to choose between the crude material practical, and religious view of life.
istic and biological sociology, which has about run The author of "Moral Evolution ” excites expec-
its course, and this ultra-spiritual view, we should tations of good writing and intelligent interpreta-
choose the latter, and agree with the closing word tions. His little treatise on “Inequality and Pro-
of the eminent psychologist: “The true analogy is gress
gress" is suggestive and sane. Democracy and
not that which likens society to a physiological organ- Christianity both declare for the right of utmost
ism, bat rather that which likens it to a psychological self-development for every human being. Before
organization. And the sort of psychological organi- the law, every individual must have a fair hearing.
zation to which it is analogous is that which is found In religious belief, all are children of a common
in the individual in ideal thinking."
Father. But equality does not exist as a matter of
fact in this world where the Divine will gives law,
The Elementary treatise on City Government, by and where democracy is advancing to supremacy.
Mr. Delos F. Wilcox, not only makes good use of Physically and intellectually, human beings are un-
excellent authorities, but it also goes to sources and like, and must treat each other according to their
draws from them fresh materials. The author con natures and capacities. Education that treats all
siders three principal topics : the functions of city pupils alike is a humiliating failure. Progressive
government, the problems of control, and the prob- methods tend to give scope to individuality and
lems of organization. The style is clear; the analyses variety of talents. Progress secures variety and is
of subjects is suggestive ; and the literary form dependent upon it. There must be leaders, if 80-
adapts the book for use as text-book or as a reading- ciety is to move onward. Monotony is stagnation.
book. It is encouraging to find at least a suggestion We live by the awakening and satisfaction of new
that a city is not primarily nor principally a political wants. We rise to better ethical and spiritual levels
organization. It is to be hoped we may some day by admiration of superiors. Envy is a mean and
have a work on cities which gives more attention to degrading vice. Social unity is not the effect of
the social tendencies, wants, organizations, interests, sameness, but of uniqueness of individuals.
which constitute their real life. This is hinted on The noble monument of the late Dr. W. H. Ryder
page 15: “ The practical task of political economy of Chicago, the lecture endowment “in aid of the
and sociology is the assignment of functions to the moral and social welfare of the citizens of Chicago,"
state and its agents on the one hand, and to indi has been the occasion of bringing to the public one
viduals and voluntary organizations on the other. of Dr. Washington Gladden's most powerful and
Politics or political science treats of the methods of wholesome discussions. The aims and limitations
fulfilling the functions assigned to the state and its of the book, “ Social Facts and Forces," are frankly
agents.” And also on page 237 : “ Back of the stated by the author: “No one will expect to find
merely political problems of the city lie the great within a space so limited an adequate investigation
problems of social development.”
of subjects so large. I have tried to seize upon
.


20
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
some of the salient points, and especially to empha- and of Self,” “Implicates of Knowledge,” “ Truth
size the tendencies which affect conduct and shape and Error,” “ Knowledge and Reality," “ Knowl-
character.” The subjects discussed are the factory, edge and the Absolute.” These subjects, whose
the labor union, the corporation, the railway, the treatment is embraced under the technical name of
city, the church. Technical adaptation of means Epistemology, are the ones upon which modern
to ends he usually leaves to experts within each or philosophy more and more concentrates, and are
ganization; Dr. Gladden's purpose is to criticize the here treated comprebensively and fairly, and 80
ethical value of the ends of action, the results in clearly and untechnically that most educated persons
character. The reader is compelled at every step will have no difficulty in following the writer. Pro-
to inquire what will be the social consequences of a fessor Ladd starts from the common consciousness,
particular method of producing wealth and accu and, indeed, in a measure vindicates it throughout;
mulating fortunes.
and his constant assumption is the “I know" of
In one large volume one may now find, for the common consciousness. The fundamental assump-
first time, a brief and clear statement of nearly tions of the ordinary unreflecting man are shown to
every important reform movement of our age. “The have in them a real basis of philosophic truth, and
Encyclopedia of Social Reform" includes, as we hence the philosopher cannot look down in scorn
learn from the sub-title, “political economy, polit- upon the plain man of every-day life. But the
ical science, sociology, statistics, anarchism, chari author proceeds far beyond common-sense realism,
ties, civil service, currency, land and legislation, and formulates a critical idealistic realism. The
penology, socialism, social purity, trades unions, Self is the key throughout. Self-knowledge, the
woman suffrage," etc. Some of the articles are “I know," appears to Professor Ladd as the clear-
signed by leaders of the various movements repre est and most certain knowledge, and altogether an-
sented. Advocates of the reforms have been chosen assailable, and so the basis of all knowledge. The
to state the case, but the divergent views are also mind is capable of knowing a world of things or
given a hearing. There may be some advantage objects only as they are in some sense other-selves,
given to editorial positions, but there is a manifest and these as the expression of the Absolute Self.
purpose to give the strongest positions of opposing Another prominent point in the author's method is
parties. The dictionary form of the work makes it the making of knowledge an expression of the whole
very convenient for reference, but breaks up the man, and not an isolated faculty. Feeling and will
systematic and organic discussion of particular sub are closely connected with knowledge, and he even
jects. The references are fairly complete for pop goes so far (page 187) as to make feeling the essence
No profession of service to scholars is of cognition, or again (page 502) he makes cogni-
made, as specialists do not depend on cyclopædias. tion " a species of conduct.” From this unitary point
For persons remote from libraries, who wish to have of view, he sharply criticises Kant. There is also
a brief statement of the socializing movements of much criticism of scepticism and agnosticism in
our time, this volume is the best available, and it is general. While Professor Ladd has learned much
unique in its field.
C. R. HENDERSON.
from Lotze, Wundt, Paulsen, and other German
philosophers, he has re-thought the whole into an
original exposition and criticism. Although we miss
in this work that high degree of demonstration,
SOME RECENT STUDIES IN PHILOSOPHY.*
that definiteness and closeness of thought, and that
thorough originality of treatment, which character-
Perhaps the most notable recent contribution to
ize a great philosophical treatise, yet by its suggest-
philosophy in America is Professor G. T. Ladd's
iveness and comprehensiveness, by its clearness and
large volume entitled "The Philosophy of Knowl force, it must be assigned a prominent place in
edge.” This work discusses with great fulness, and American philosophy.
in the main in an admirable temper, the most gen Professor Borden P. Bowne's “ Theory of
eral questions concerning human knowledge, such as
Thought and Knowledge” is a slighter performance
“Thinking and Knowing,” “Knowledge of Things than the foregoing, and at the same time covers a
*THE PHILOSOPHY OF KNOWLEDGE. An Inquiry into the
wider field. Of the three divisions of philosophy -
Nature, Limits, and Validity of Human Cognitive Faculty. logic, epistemology, and metaphysics — this present
By George Trumbull Ladd. New York: Charles Scribner's book is a sketch of the first two divisions. By logic
Song.
is meant, of course, not formal logic, but a philo-
THEORY OF THOUGHT AND KNOWLEDGE. By Borden P.
Bowne. New York: Harper & Brothers.
sophical discussion of notion, judgment, inference,
EVOLUTION AND RELIGION; or, Faith as a Part of a Com-
deduction and induction, the categories, etc., in re-
plete Cosmic System. By John Bascom. New York: G.P. lation to truth; in short, a general theory of thought
Putnam's Sons.
in all its forms and functions. The last third of
HISTORY OF INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT, on the Lines the book is taken up with the theory of knowledge.
of Modern Evolution. By John Beattie Crozier. Volume I.
New York : Longmans, Green, & Co.
This opens with an analysis of philosophic scepticism,
INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY. By Oswald Külpe. Trans-
aimed to show the possibility of knowledge; and
lated by W. B. Pillsbury and E. B. Titchener. New York:
the remaining chapters on “ Thought and Thing,"
The Macmillan Company.
“Realism and Idealism," etc., seek to show just how
ular uses.


1898.]
21
THE DIAL
a
knowledge is possible, - i.e., its fundamental con Professor Paulsen's work with the same title. Pro-
ditions. Professor Bowne comes to much the same fessor Külpe aims to give the beginner“ a short ac-
conclusions as Professor Ladd. While this work count of the development and status of philosophy."
shows some acuteness and clearness, yet we cannot Chapter I. is devoted to “the definition and classifi.
highly commend it as a whole. The treatment is cation of philosophy "; Chapter II. to "a survey of
much too summary, and the simplifying is carried the separate disciplines which are now included under
too far. Further, the tone of the book is very the general name of philosophy"; and Chapter III. to
unphilosophic by reason of gross dogmatism and characterization of the more important schools of
didacticism, and the work is often marred by acad-philosophic thought.” The aim throughout has been
emic sarcasm.
“ to assist the student in the understanding of lectures
Dr. John Bascom has lately added to his numerous and treatises upon special philosophical topics." A
volumes on religion and philosophy a brief work final chapter gives very briefly the author's own
entitled “Evolution and Religion." He treats in view as to what philosophy should be and do in the
this book of four main topics, namely, “Evolution future - a view which discourages systems of phil-
as a Conception,” “Evolution as Giving Unity to theosophy. The standpoint of the book is too German,
Field of Knowledge and Action,” « Evolution in its and the treatment, though clear, is too dry, to be very
Present Spiritual Phases,” and “Evolution in the serviceable to the American student desiring an
Proofs it Offers to Spiritual Beliefs.” Evolution is initiation to “divine philosophy.” The profuse use
accepted in the widest sense, and is theistically and of technical and German terms and the historical
spiritually interpreted. Suggestive remarks are résumé will embarrass many. The chief value of
made on various ethical and social matters. The the work is as a reference book to help clarify the
presentation is vigorous, popular, and rather ser ideas of advanced students.
monic. While nothing very new is given, yet there
HIRAM M. STANLEY.
is always originality of statement. The author is,
throughout, very ironic, very sententious, and very
enthusiastic. While the treatment is not especially
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
profound or thorough, yet it is always broad and
generous; and there are many quickening thoughts
The volume by Mr. Ignatius Singer
A reconstructed
which will be of service to those who are seeking to terminology and Mr. Lewis H. Berens, entitled
know the signs of the times and to adjust them-
of physics.
“ Some Unrecognized Laws of Na-
selves to a new spiritual basis. Many persons ought ture" (Appleton), offers to the physicist greatly
to find in this book help toward a larger, saner,
and varied interest. Seldom does one find propositions
freer life.
more clearly enunciated or more concisely and logi-
Mr. John Beattie Crozier follows up his work on cally discussed. Their exhaustive analysis holds
“Civilization and Progress" by Volume I. of the attention and forces conclusions as to many of the
“History of Intellectual Development," which, he terms and conventions of modern science, some of
explains, is to point out the laws of the evolution of which have claimed the highest prerogative and have
religion, science, and philosophy. This is a very generally had their claims allowed. As an example
large and difficult task, and the author seems to may be cited the term "energy,” with its derivatives
show neither sufficient ability nor training for the " conservation and “dissipation
work. Perhaps the quoting of a single sentence will kinetic energy, potential energy, etc. To Tait's
give some inkling of the mental status of the writer : definition of energy, “the power of doing work,”
“I aware, of course, of the deep suspicion with the authors do not object; but to the idea
which many readers will regard any attempt to
is a “distinct entity,” even though “in-
reduce to law those products of thought or action separable,” they oppose serious and well-founded
which would seem to depend on the uncertain ca objections. There are those who seem to regard
prices of men ; and can fully realize the surprise of energy as a sort of soul residing in matter, but cap-
the reader when he hears that an attempt has here able of unlimited transmigrations, having present
been made to anticipate the views which men like existence, but resting under the possibility of disem-
Plato, Aristotle, Buddha, or Paul were likely to hold bodiment and final dissipation, perchance ending in
on the great problems of the world and of human a form of nirvana. But Tait's definition needs a re-
life.” While this volume may be a passable com striction ; energy is “the power of doing work” at
pilation on the history of Greek, Hindu, and Judaic a given instant, - not a power which may have been,
Christian thought, and conceived in a broadly the or, under conditions, may arrive. If a body be
istic and Christian spirit, it is not a closely scientific thrown vertically into the air, no energy may be
study, and can scarcely be considered a serious con attributed to it at the instant which ends its upward
tribution to historical or sociological literature. flight and begins its descent. When the object
Professor Oswald Külpe's brief text-book on phil- started upward it had power within itself to do work,
osophy is now translated in a correct and convenient work expended in lifting itself to an altitude.
version by Professors Pillsbury and Titchener under When its returning fall is finished, it has again ac-
the title “Introduction to Philosophy.” This work quired from the attraction of gravitation the energy
is much more compendious and impersonal than | perhaps to smash a casemate or to drive a timber
» of energy,
that energy


22
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
into the solid earth. A stone lying upon the earth's
surface has in it no inherent “ potential” energy;
nor would it acquire any if Mr. Frank Stockton were
to bore beside it a hole ten miles deep. Like other
reformers, our authors began with a revision of ter-
minology. They affirm that certain psychologic ten-
dencies disguise themselves in forms of expression,
which tendencies are evil and must be overcome.
Because suggestive of certain lines of theory, old
terms must be discarded; but may not the new terms
be equally suggestive, and therefore reprehensible ?
Thus, in an early chapter we find the fundamental
term “ inertia” dismissed, and its equivalent (?),
“ persistence," substituted. If equivalent, why sub-
stitute ? But not only are the terms not equivalent,
they are widely asunder. It is true that Newton
uses the word persevere in his definition of vis insita,
a power of resistance by which everybody endeav-
ors to persevere in its present state of rest or motion,”
etc. But in his further explanation of this defini-
tion, in the same section, he says : “A body from
the inactivity of matter is not without difficulty put
out of its state of rest or motion. Upon which ac-
count, this vis insita may, with a most significant
name, be called vis inertiæ, or force of inactivity.”
Of the two terms offered by Newton, his disciples
have used that which most perfectly indicates the
normally inactive condition of matter, a condition
which can neither initiate motion nordiminish motion
when once acquired. It is a condition of absolute
passivity. But perseverance, whether of matter or
of the saints, and as these authors use the word, im-
plies activity, with something like will or determin-
ation. It is said that when King Wilhelm, the first
German Kaiser, arrived in captured Paris, be re-
marked, “ Je suis ; je reste.” Of thousands of the
soldiers who had marched from the German frontier
at the king's command, but had found their final
resting place within French soil, it might have been
said with equal truth, but with a very different
signification, " They are here, and they will stay."
The attitude of the conquering Kaiser was one of
perseverance ; that of bis buried Uhlans was one of
inertia. But to discuss all the things, wise or
otherwise, in this book would require another book.
Among the sixteen chapters that con-
Golf and
stitute " A batch of Golfing Papers,"
Letters.
written by Mr. Andrew Lang and
others, and published by Mr. M. F. Mansfield, there
is one, “ The Devil's Round," a tale of Flemish Golf,
that is almost like a piece of fine Valenciennes lace
among a lot of good Scottish plaids. Not that the
others are not good golfing papers : they are. But
they lack the touch of literary quality, somehow.
For instance, only fancy“ Dr. Johnson on the Links,”
“ Herodotus at Saint Andrews,” “Socrates on the
Links"; neither one of them could possibly be more
than a few changes rung on a well-known theme.
“A Song of Life and Golf” (on the refrain “ The
Limmer stimied me”), and the “ Ballade of the
Duffer," these too, we think, might be imagined with
sufficient exactness. “The Caddies at Saint Andrews"
and " The Home of Golf” will not surprise or excite
anyone already up in golfing literature. Of course
they are good in their way; they are quite the thing
a man will read easily in a club corner in the even-
ing after a good round. Or, now that as a rule one
can't play the game, they will serve to remind. But
they have no characters, they are only amusing
because they are about golf. Now the particular
story we speak of, a translation from the French of
M. Charles Deulin, has not nearly so much to do
with golf as the others, but it is a better story for all
that. As you read it, you become conscious that
you have moved out of that simple world whose
sufficient humor comes from people's wrath at get-
ting into bunkers, and whose acme of development
would be a regular sequence of drive, approach,
and putt. You are off the Links and have got
back to Letters. The wheelwright's three wishes,
his match with the Devil, his outwitting Death and
even the good Saint Anthony, have the richness and
cunning of peasant humor, and are worked out with
the skill of a clever story-teller. We are fond of
golf, and so we read the whole book with pleasure ;
and we think most golfers will do so too. Still, our
serious judgment is that it is best to keep Golf and
Letters distinct and separate. If a man must read
golf in the winter, the “Badminton
volume or
Willie Parks's book will be about the best thing for
him, for these are pure golf and no literature. The
stories in this volume are for the most part, it must
be confessed, only half-and-half. As such, it is hard
to see how they can make any real impression on a
thoroughbred sport. Our Flemish tale, however,
though it does not appeal so strongly to the golfing
temperament, will certainly be remembered by any-
one having more than a slight tincture of letters.
Novelists search nowadays for curi-
Cave-dwellers in
ous and unheard-of heroes and hero-
a modern story.
ines. Romances wherein Negro,
Indian, Polynesian, and Hindu actors figure are
rather in vogue. In France a popular story has
already been written about prehistoric man. In
Mr. Stanley Waterloo's “Story of Ab” (Way &
Williams) we have a group of cave-dwellers as chief
actors. In such a story, of course, the background
must be realistic and the life true to nature. Mr.
Waterloo appears to have made diligent efforts to
qualify himself for writing his book. Some of his
portrayals are clear and suggestive. Many mis-
takes in archæology occur, however. To cite but
one, the whole treatment of the shell-heap men is
wrong. Where are there fresh-water shell-heaps of
Palæolithic age? More than once Mr. Waterloo
seems to imagine that he stands alone in claiming
that there was no abrupt break between Palæolithic
and Neolithic cultures. Beddoe long ago asserted
that the blood of Palæolithic man still flows in British
veins, and that individuals reproducing the ancient
cave type may still be found ; Quatrefages held a
similar view. As for archæologists, a large num-


1898.]
23
THE DIAL
once more.
ber, particularly in France, hold absolutely to the audacious, yet we must indulge it. For it lends one
idea of continuity of culture. The best thing in the breath of fragrance, one suggestion of flesh and
book, from the archæologist's standpoint, is the em blood, to two thousand lifeless pages. (Longmans.)
phasizing of the importance of individual effort and
discovery in prehistoric times: this is admirably
The series of “ Literatures of the
brought out. Turning from the archæology in the
An English history World” (Appleton), edited by Mr.
of French literature.
story to the book itself, we must admit that it is a
Edmund Gosse, has now advanced to
strange one. The cover is a nightmare in black,
its second volume, Professor G. G. A. Murray's
yellow, and red. The author aims at Anglo-Saxon survey of Greek literature having been followed by
simplicity and at quaint combinations of unusual Professor James Dowden's survey of French litera-
words. This is pleasant and odd for a time, but the ture. We have looked forward with much interest
reader finally wearies of strange uses of mumbling to the appearance of these books, for the production
and thing. A fair example, taken almost at hap-
of a uniform series of accurate and readable histo-
hazard, of the style is the sentence, “ To cross that
ries of the great national literatures is a very desir-
morass safely required a touch on tussocks and an able thing to undertake, and the successful accom-
apbounding aside, a zigzag exhibition of great plishment of the task would mean much for popular
strength and knowingness and recklessness.” This culture. Professor Dowden's work, now before us,
is no doubt ingenious. We may adopt Mr. Water is all, or nearly all, that such a work might be ex-
loo's vocabulary and style, and say that it is a lush pected to be, and yet we have read it with a certain
book, full of pankish crudity of things, thought sense of disappointment. The plain truth of the
products and word forms, fit to fall flatly on truly matter is that a thousand years of rich literary his-
thoughtful.
tory cannot be made very interesting in a volume
of a few hundred pages, from which all illustrative
The world is made up of most various
Dr. Pusey
quotations must perforce be omitted for the sake of
types, and it is just conceivable that
the history itself. There are so many names and
there are persons to whom the fourth
books to be considered, and so little space in which
octavo volume of an ecclesiastical biography gives to talk about them. Professor Dowden's book
no suggestion of tedium. It is barely possible that
is probably as good a one as we should have the
four sound divines might conspire to make the work right to expect from any historian, and in sanity,
80 readable that, as children cry for Castoria, so lay-balance, and literary expression is distinctly better
minded folk would clamor for yet one volume more. than Professor Saintsbury's work, hitherto probably
The supposition is perhaps extreme, and the Life of the best of its kind. Furthermore, there are many
Dr. Pusey is hardly a case in point. We have sought scattered pages which are really instructive, and
to examine it, at intervals, wakefully, with very may be read with much satisfaction. But for all
moderate success. We presently came to feel that that, the book must go to the reference shelf rather
it was almost discourteous not to be drowsy in Dr. than to the library table.
Pusey's company. We perceived how admirably
Canon Liddon and his literary coadjutors had caught
The “Handbook of American Au-
the tone of the subject of their biography, and how
A Dictionary of
American Authors. thors,” prepared by Mr. Oscar Fay
the whole work was, as artists say, in keeping. It
Adams, and published in 1884, was
was a wonderful group of men who favored or re a very small book, very far from exhaustive, and
sisted the Oxford Movement. They range from by no means always aceurate. Yet, in spite of its
Newman to Stanley, from Ward to Jowett, men full shortcomings, it has proved indispensable to every
of life and character. Even in Manning, through student of American literature, and has had no
the hard and fast shell of the ecclesiastic may now serious competitor short of the voluminous Allibone.
and then be seen the red blood beating. In Dr. There will be thousands of literary workers glad to
Pasey also are' microscopic traces of our common learn that the book has at last grown into the “ Dic-
humanity. It is to the credit of his biographers to tionary of American Authors,” just issued from the
have discovered them. He was not only a saint in press of Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. It is now
a niche, a painful controversialist, a hammerer of “ fairly inclusive," as the editor remarks, for more
heretics, an automatic letter-writer, and a munificent than six thousand names are mentioned, and the
church-benefactor. He was more. He could dis work extends to 444 pages. The entries are, of
tinguish between things that differ. Assisting a course, very brief, aiming at little more than the
worn-out London vicar through an epidemic of name of each author, the place of birth, the dates
cholera, it is told of Dr. Pusey that he insisted on of birth and death, the occupation, and the (undated)
waiting upon him at dinner, tempting him with titles of the books. Now and then we are given a
special morsels, and with his own hands, as he poured few words of criticism or a few bibliographical ref-
it, frothing his beer. That last is a touch that
The editor has discriminated between
brightens the picture. Could he have cared to have
Could he have cared to have “poets” and “verse-writers," an exercise of pre-
his own beer foaming? May we venture to con- rogative which may arouse the indignation of some
template him as winking back at “the beaded bub members of the latter class, but which is surely well-
bles winking at the brim"? The conception is advised. For example, Mr. Bliss Carman is a poet,
erences.


24
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
literature.
and Mr. Richard Hovey a verse-writer. Mr. Adams critic before us and let him speak for himself, not
has been at great pains to state his facts concisely in complete essays but in extracts that are character.
and accurately, and a somewhat close examination istic of his personality and his point of view. This
of the work has shown it to be remarkably free purpose has been fairly realized. If we in no wise
from errors, except such errors of omission as make the complete round of any of these critics, we
would characterize any work of this sort not com manage to get an interesting and instructive glimpse
piled by an archangel.
of each, and many will wish to pursue further the
acquaintanceship thus began.
Two essays in Brontë biography, by
More Brontë
Mr. Angus M. Mackay, are com-
The ordinary reader who has passed
Napoleon's
prised in the volume entitled “The
art of war.
the fighting enthusiasm of his youth
Brontës, Fact and Fiction" (Dodd, Mead & Co.).
is not greatly interested in special
The longer of these is a successful attempt to prove military history. Disgust at the barbarity of war
Dr. Wright’s “ The Brontës in Ireland" to be un destroys interest in it as a game of skill, while one need
trustworthy; while the shorter, which appears now
not follow the details of a battle or a campaign to ap-
for the first time, is a sort of running commentary preciate its historical importance. But the mature
on Mr. Shorter's recently published “Charlotte civilian will find Lieut. H. H. Sargent's “The Cam-
Brontë and Her Circle.” In the latter essay Mr. paign of Marengo” (McClurg), with comments,
Mackay accepts most of Mr. Shorter's conclusions, both interesting and profitable reading. The horrors
although he differs from him on two important are veiled; the drum and trumpet are not brought
matters. The first of these is with regard to the out; but the campaign is treated as a magnificent
religious opinions of Charlotte Brontë, which Mr. game of science and skill, so explained that the
Mackay maintains — wrongly, we think — should be untrained reader can follow it even though he can-
characterized as “ Broad Church." The second is not appreciate fully the quality of the skill displayed.
in reference to Charlotte Brontë's relations with The author's method is to take up each part of the
M. Héger. Here he adopts the thesis, which we campaign in a chapter, giving first a narrative of it
are inclined to accept, that the story about Charlotte and then comments and criticism. A chapter of
being in love with her talented master is true. He general comment follows, in which the author ranks
then explains how this may not in itself be discred- Napoleon as easily first among soldiers, the equal of
itable to the character of the novelist. As this is any as an organizer and a tactician, and the great-
the fullest discussion of this mooted matter we have est of all in strategy. Indeed, the book may be con-
seen, we recommend the book to anyone who may sidered as a discussion in little of Napoleon's art
be interested in the Brontë group. We wish to add,
however, that Mr. Mackay's Brontë enthusiasm does
For busy pastors with limited purses,
not seem always to be tempered with sanity. This
history of for Bible-class teachers, leaders of
is shown in his acceptance of Lockhart's extrava Missions.
young people's meetings, and mis-
gant praise of Charlotte Brontë, and in his yielding
sionary studies, Mr. E. M. Bliss's “Concise History
to the latter the supremacy over Jane Austen and
of Missions" (F. H. Revell) is admirable. It has
George Eliot.
the limitations of a “short cut " presentation of a
The five Frenchmen to whom Miss
vast subject, but the brief and select bibliography
A pleasant
acquaintance with Mary Fisher introduces us in “ A
will guide the reader to more extended discussions.
some French critics. Group of French Critics" (McClurg)
The little volume sketches missions of the early
are Edmond Scherer, Ernest Bersot, Saint-Marc
church, of the Roman Catholics, early Protestants,
Girardin, Ximénes Doudan, and Gustave Planche.
British, American, and European. Then he turns
Though they are of very unequal importance and
to the field, and outlines the characteristics and
stand in many respects in strong contrast with one
peculiar needs of various countries, — North and
another, the group derives a sort of coherence from
South America, Africa, the Levant, India, South-
their agreement in a serious and intelligent treat-
eastern Asia, China, Japan, Korea, the Pacific. In
ment of literature as one of the great permanent
the last part the author discusses organization and
human interests, and in a cool and conservative atti-
methods.
tude toward new literary fashions. They respect
Dean Farrar's restless
pen
still
pro-
and cherish the long results of human experience; Dean Farrar duces readable books. His latest,
they enforce the distinction between bad and good
“Men I Have Known” (Crowell),
literature; they maintain that an art that works in is a unique compilation. The Dean has sought and
a material so preeminently moral as human conduct cultivated an acquaintance with many of the leading
cannot be rightly indifferent to moral issues. This English-speaking authors, churchmen, and scientists
volume is the outgrowth of the author's admiration of his day. In this volume he spreads before us
for this kind of criticism, and of a desire to make charming bits of reminiscences of some of these
its qualities better known among us. Her purpose great lights. We are told in detail how he became
is not to expound or discuss the history or the meth acquainted with, and how he improved and enjoyed
ods of French criticism, but to set the person of the the companionship of, several eminent men. This
of war.
A concise
Men whom
has known.
-


1898.]
25
THE DIAL
book of 292 pages sketches in a personal way such supplement the conventional encyclopædias in a very ac-
acquaintanceship—some slight and some intimate ceptable way, and are useful both for reference and for
of fifty-six Englishmen and Americang. In addi- miscellaneous reading. How many know off-hand, for
tion to the Dean's personal memoirs there are many
example, what is the ceremony of “ Cutting of the
facsimile reproductions of autograph letters which
Khalig,” or can discourse upon the “Blood-Tax in the
Pyrennes.” Mr. Walsh's book is for those who do not
the author has received at some time or other. Of
know such things, but would like to know them.
especial interest to many will be the half-tone full-
A few months ago we noticed in THE DIAL (July 1)
page portraits of twenty-five men. Some of the less
Mr. Frank M. Chapman's “ Bird-Life," a volume con-
widely known yet highly prized pictures are those taining “ as much information regarding a hundred or
of F. D. Maurice, Dr. Thomson of York, Archbishop more of our familiar birds as could be compressed
Benson, Canon Liddon, Dean Plumptree, and Dr. within its limits.” The work lacked but one feature
Jowett. Though the book is strongly seasoned with
colored plates representing the birds as they appear in
Ego, it will be heartily welcomed by the ecclesias. life; and this feature has now been supplied in a new
tical and biblical public, as giving us another kaleido. edition just issued by Messrs. Appleton & Co. There
scopic view of some of the men about whom we are
are seventy-five full-page colored plates, so well done
that we can emphasize our previous commendation,
always anxious to learn more.
“The student who selects this work as a guide to his
observations of bird-life will not go amiss.”
Philip II. of Spain is the subject of a volume, by
BRIEFER MENTION.
Mr. Martin A. S. Hume, in the “ Foreign Statesmen
Series" (Macmillan). Those who have had the good
Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons have published some fortune to become acquainted with Mr. Hume's earlier
“ Selected Poems by George Meredith " in a volume so studies in the history of England and Spain in the six-
exquisite in design and mechanical execution that the teenth and seventeenth centuries, and who remember
most fanatical of Meredithians could ask for nothing especially the few paragraphs given in one of his essays
worthier. We are told that the selection has been to an estimate of the character of Philip II., will know
made under the author's personal supervision, a method how valuable and readable an extended biograpby of
which is usually more interesting than satisfactory. At Philip from his pen must be. Nothing of its kind exists
any rate, in the present case it gives us “Juggling in English. It may be unbesitatingly and highly praised.
Jerry” and does not give us the magnificent ode to Dr. William H. Griffis's “ The Romance of Discov-
“ France" in the hour of her agony, thus illustratingery" (Wilde & Co.) is really a general account of
anew the fact that a poet is usually a poor judge of his American discovery from the time of the Norsemen to
own productions. In fact, the selection as a whole the present; and it is particularly designed for young
slights the simple and fresh work of the author's earlier people. However, the story is too summary and too
years for the sake of the contortions and grotesque obviously made-to-order to be of the highest interest to
affectations of his later style. A worse service than either young or old. The volume contains some good
this could hardly be done him even by the most superior illustrations, but lacks a map.
person among his small but devoted following.
The third quinquennial supplement to « Poole's Index
The “ Poems of Thomas Hood” (Macmillan), edited to Periodical Literature" (Houghton), edited by Messrs.
by the Rev. Alfred Ainger, have been published in two William I. Fletcher and Franklin O. Poole, with the
volumes of the ever-charming “Eversley" form, and coöperation of the American Library Association, has
all students of literature and readers of poetry must be just made its appearance. It is a bulky volume of over
grateful for the attractiveness of the publication, as six hundred quarto pages, that is, about one-third more
well as for the scholarly care which the editor has ex voluminous than either of its predecessors. The num-
pended upon the memoir, the notes, and the text itself.
ber of sets of periodicals covered is one bundred and
The first volume contains the “Serious Poems," and the eighty-seven, sixty of which have not been included in
second a selection (perhaps two-thirds of the whole) any previous issue. Of the latter, forty-two have had
from the “ Poems of Wit and Humor” that Hood pro their origin since 1891. On the other hand, twenty-
duced so copiously for the “Comic Annuals” and other three sets represented in the list of five years ago have
ephemeral publications. Hood was not so great a poet been dropped. As is eminently fitting, this volume con-
as to make it desirable to preserve with scrupulous care tains a portrait of William Frederick Poole, and a brief
every scrap of his writing, and the editor is quite justified sketch of his industrious and useful life.
in having used his discretion in this matter.
The volume for 1897 of “ American Book-Prices
The “Shakespeare Note-Book” (Ginn) is a blank book Current," compiled from the auctioneers' catalogues by
with proper headings and divisions for the convenience Mr. Luther S. Livingston, has just been published by
of students in making memoranda for ready reference Messrs. Dodd, Mead, & Co. It is a volume of five
to the items which are considered of most importance in hundred and fifty pages, and the edition is limited to six
the study of the plays. The first three pages are given hundred copies. The record is based upon sales made
to printed matter condensed from Dowden's “Shaks in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, and Cin-
pere Primer," in relation to such points as chronological cinnatti, for the year ending with last August. The
order, classification by types, reference books, etc. general rule has been to include accurately described
Mr. William S. Walsh, the compiler of a popular lots bringing three dollars and upwards, which means
“Handy-Book of Literary Curiosities," has just supplied over eight thousand entries in the present case. The
that entertaining work with a companion volume, entit highest price of the year was $1250, paid for an edition
led “Curiosities of Popular Customs” (Lippincott), and of the « Book of Common Prayer,” dated 1788, and
dealing with all sorts of rites, ceremonies, and festivities having considerable autograph and ownership interest
familiar to the folklorist. Such compilations as these connected with it.


26
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
Bulwer's well-known “ Harold,” and Charles Macfar-
LITERARY NOTES.
lane's little-known romance “ The Camp of Refuge.”
An outline “Sketch of Jewish History,” translated
The editor contributes an elaborate introduction to each
from the German of Dr. Gustav Karpeles, has just been volume, together with illustrations (the Bayeux tapestry,
sent out by the Jewish Publication Society of America. for instance) and notes.
Mr. Henry Frowde announces for early publication in
Mr. Fisher Unwin is about to publish in England
America “The Bible References of John Ruskin,” | (and we shall doubtless soon have it in this country) a
selected and arranged by Misses Mary and Ellen
work on“ Modern France," written by M. André Lebon
Gibbs.
for the Story of the Nations " series. This will pre-
The J. B. Lippincott Co. publish “ A History of the
cede even its appearance in the country and language
United States of America, Its People, and its Institu-
of its origin.
tions,” a work by Mr. Charles Morris, intended for use Two bound volumes of “St. Nicholas," embracing the
as a school text-book.
whole of the year 1897, and the semi-annual bound vol-
The Macmillan Co. publish, in a single volume of
ume of “The Century Magazine,” have found their way
their excellent “ Globe” edition, " The Poetical Works
to our table, as usual at this time of year, from the
of Elizabeth Barrett Browning," with portrait, and an
offices of the Century Co, They are quite as full of good
introduction by Mr. F.G. Kenyon.
things as ever, and it would be invidious to attempt to
“ The Beginning, Progress, and Conclusion of Bacon's
particularize.
Rebellion in Virginia, in the Years 1675 and 1676" is
Ex-President Cleveland's address at the Princeton
the December number of the “ American Colonial Sesquicentennial is published by Messrs. T. Y. Crowell
Tracts," published by Mr. G. P. Humphrey.
& Co. as a booklet with the title « The Self-Made Man in
American Life." It is just the sort of thing for young
Messrs. Hinds & Noble publish, in their “ University
Tutorial" series, a third and enlarged edition of Mr.
men to read, with its homely, yet finely impressive plea
John S. Mackenzie's “ Manual of Ethics," a work that
for ideals of a sort too often neglected in our rushing
American life.
has met with much success as a college text book.
In a very thin volume some nameless one, who may
Mr. Charles A. Bramble's book “Klondike" (Fenno
be a great authority, gives a final settlement to a series
& Co.) is a compilation, largely from the newspapers,
of problems whose mere titles occupy about seven pages
but apparently serviceable to those wishing a practical
in the table of contents. “ Posterity, or, Democracy in
knowledge of the Klondike gold fields and how to get
A. D. 2100" (Putnam) has hints of “Looking Back-
there.
ward." If one could be sure of only one of these solu-
A belated holiday publication is Mr. Sydney George tions he would be willing to read a longer book.
Fisher's interesting work on “Men, Women, and Man-
ers in Colonial Times." The work is in two volumes,
Two mites are contributed to the growing mass of
attractively illustrated, and sent out in a neat box by the
text-book literature by instructors in the Chicago High
J. B. Lippincott Co.
Schools. Mr. Harry Nightingale has edited for Messrs.
Ainsworth & Co. a pamphlet of “Selections from Wash-
Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. have issued a new
edition of their well-known “ Portrait Catalogue.” The
ington, Lincoln, and Bryant," and Mr. Fred. L. Charles
has published on his own account a pamphlet guide to
number of portraits has been increased to sixty-three,
and all are entirely new, having been made especially
the young geologist, entitled “How to Read a Pebble.”
for this edition of the catalogue.
We have received a little pamphlet entitled “ Nick-
names and Pseudomyms of Prominent People," com-
Volume XVIII. of “Harper's Round Table” is a
piled by Mrs. Fannie Parmelee Deane, Holyoke, Mass.
stout quarto of nearly thirteen hundred pages, abun-
dantly illustrated. It contains no less than eight com-
Among the "prominent people " listed are those ancient
ladies, the nine Muses. We also learn that one Quintus
plete serial stories, besides its hundreds of other fea-
Fabius was also known as Crunctator. The booklet
tures interesting to young people.
does not seem to have been edited with much discrim-
The Jewish Chautauqua Society of Philadelphia sends ination.
us an interesting syllabus of a reading course in “ Jew-
Bishop Creighton's “ History of the Papacy from the
ish History and Literature,” covering the period of Great Schism to the Sack of Rome” has for some years
« The Crusades and the Spanish Era,” and prepared occupied a place among the standard productions of
under the direction of Professor Richard Gottheil.
English historical scholarship. Many students will be
Mr. Frederic G. Kenyon is about to publish, through grateful to Messrs. Longmans, Green, & Co., the his-
the Oxford University Press, the text of the recently torian's publishers, for the neat new edition of this work,
discovered poems of Bacchylides. The editor will just published in six volumes, and at a price materially
furnish an introduction and commentary, while the lower than that at which the history has heretofore been
fragments will be printed in both ordinary and uncial issued.
type.
A well-printed volume comes to us from Mr. William
“ Rampolli” is the title given to a volume by the Doxey, of San Francisco, and contains the “Sonnets of
Rev. George MacDonald, just published by Messrs. José-Maria de Heredia," done into English by Mr.
Longmans, Green, & Co. It contains a sheaf of trans Edward Robeson Taylor. To translate M. Heredia at
lations in verse, mostly from the German, and one long all is to attempt the impossible, and Mr. Taylor, if he
original poem, entitled “A Year's Diary of an Old is to be congratulated upon his ambition, cannot be con-
Soul."
gratulated upon his work, which is entirely inadequate,
Mr. George Laurence Gomme has undertaken to edit besides giving evidence of an imperfect knowledge of
a “ Library of Historical Novels and Romances," which the French language.
are to be published by Messrs. Longinans, Green, & Co. It is a singular fact that the English language has
The first two volumes of this series, just issued, are yet to await a good, an even tolerable, complete transla-


1898.]
27
THE DIAL
tion of the “Origines" of Renan. A good beginning
has at last been made by Messrs. Roberts Brothers, who
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
some time ago published Mr. Joseph Henry Allen's
January, 1898.
translation of the Life of Jesus," and who now issue a
Austria-Hungary, Future of. Review of Reviews.
translation of “ Anti-Christ,” made by the same com Bible, To-Day in the. W. C. Elam. Lippincott.
petent hand. It is to be hoped that the other five vol Botanic Gardens. G. E. Walsh. Lippincott.
umes will follow in equally satisfactory versions. British Navy, Position of. Lord Brassey. Rev. of Reviews.
Messrs. J. M. Dent & Co., who have given us so many
Cazin, Jean-Charles W. A. Coffin. Century.
pretty editions of English authors, have surpassed them-
Chestnut Groves of Northern Italy. Susan Carter. Scribner.
selves in their “Waverley" novels, the first of which has
Currency Roform, Plans for. C. A. Conant. Rev. of Rev.
Daudet, Alphonse. Dial.
just been placed on sale by Messrs. Charles Scribner's
Druggists, Ancient and Modern. 0. Herzberg. Lippincott.
Sons, who import the edition for the American market. Education, Socialist and Anarchist Views of. Educa'l Rev.
Thin but reasonably opaque paper makes possible the Feudalism in America, Belated. H. G. Chapman. Atlantic.
combination of readable print with a very small volume. French Literary Circle, A. Aline Gorren. Scribner.
There are to be forty of them altogether, with facsimile French Wives and Mothers. Anna L. Bicknell. Century.
title-pages, bibliographical notes, and illustrations, each
Froissart. Emily S. Whiteley. Lippincott.
volume daintily bound in lambskin.
German Dramatists, Contemporary. J. F. Coar. Atlantic.
Grant and Loe as National Heroes. J.J. Halsey. Dial.
A movement of an international character has been
Greater New York, Political Inauguration of. Atlantic.
started among the friends and admirers of the late Pro-
Government, Present Scope of. Eugene Wambaugh. Atlantic.
fessor J. J. Sylvester for the purpose of “founding a Hawaii, Education in. F. B. Dresslar. Educational Review.
suitable memorial in honour of his name and for the en Heroism, Every-Day. Gustav Kobbé. Century.
couragement of mathematical science." The memorial Honduras, The City of. G. B. Gordon. Century.
is to take the form of a “Sylvester Medal,” to be
Huxley's Home Life. Leonard Huxley. Century.
awarded at certain intervals for mathematical research
Irrigation from Underground. J. E. Bennett. Lippincott.
to any worker, irrespective of nationality. It has been
Jesus, Feminine Interpretation of. Shailer Mathews. Dial.
Literary Paris 20 Years Ago. T. W. Higginson. Atlantic.
estimated that $5000 will be needed for the proposed
Lord Mayor's Show, The. Elizabeth R. Pennell. Century.
endowment, of which sum about one-half has already Maryland, Eastern Shore of. C. D. Wilson. Lippincott.
been subscribed in England. American subscriptions Maximilian's Empire. Sara Y. Stevenson. Century.
may be sent to either Dr. Cyrus Adler, of the Smith National Parks of the West. John Muir. Atlantic.
sonian Institution, Washington, or to Dr. George Bruce New York's Civic Aspects. W. H. Tolman. Rev. of Rev.
Halsted, 2407 Guadalupe St., Austin, Texas.
Northwest, The New. J. A. Wheelock. Harper.
Through some inadvertence in the publication of Dr.
Opera, Modern, Tendencies of. R. de Koven. Scribner.
J. H. Barrows's recent work on “Christianity, the World-
Philosophy, Recent Studies in. H. M. Stanley. Dial.
Players, A Group of. Laurence Hutton. Harper.
Religion,” Dr. Barrows is made to appear as the “ Presi Profession, A New. C. F. Thwing. Educational Review.
dent and originator” of the Parliament of Religions held Public Opinion. E. L. Godkin. Atlantic.
in Chicago during the World's Fair. The phrase is in Revolution, Story of the. H. C. Lodge. Scribner,
correct and misleading, and has given rise to a misappre- Rankelstein, Frescoes of. W. D. McCrackan. Harper.
hension which has somewhat widely extended. Those
School-Building in New York City. Educational Review,
at all familiar with the facts are aware that the Parlia-
School-Children, Fatigue in. Smith Baker, Educ'l Rev.
ment of Religions was a part of the grand series of
Self and Society, Problems of. C. R. Henderson. Dial.
World's Congresses held in official connection with the
Stuttgart, Ancient City of. Elise J. Allen. Harper.
Volcanoes, Science and History of. R. D. Salisbury. Dial.
World's Fair. There were over two hundred of these
Washington, Recollections of. Martha L. Phillips. Century.
separate Congresses, each organized and held under the Waterloo, A Myth of. Archibald Forbes. Century.
direction of a committee whose chairman was the ex Winsor, Justin, Last Book of. B. A. Hinsdale. Dial.
ecutive head of that particular congress; and this was
Wolf. Children. G. A. Stockwell. Lippincott.
precisely Dr. Barrows's relation to the Religious Con-
Wolfe, General, Portraits of. P. L. Ford. Century.
gress, or the Parliament of Religions. There was but
Woman and Reforms. Helen W. Moody. Scribner.
one President, Mr. C. C. Bonney; and he was the prime
originator and director of the Congresses as a whole, and
in a very special sense of the Congress of Religions,
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
which at first met with no little disfavor but in the end
(The following list, containing 110 titles, includes books
proved the most successful and notable of the series.
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
Dr. Barrows's splendid services in procuring this result
are too widely known and appreciated to need any over-
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
statement in his behalf; and no one has been more em Wellington: His Comrades and Contemporaries. By Major
phatic than he in recognizing the preëminence of Mr. Arthur Griffiths. Illus, in photogravure, etc., 8vo, gilt
Bonney as the originator and director of the Congresses.
top, pp. 370. Longmans, Green, & Co. $4.
Ambroise Paré and his Times, 1510–1590. By Stephen
In an article in " The Forum ” (Sept. 1894) Dr. Bar-
Paget. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 309. G. P. Put-
rows said: “Charles C. Bonney, a broad-minded lawyer nam's Sons. $2.50.
of Chicago, is entitled to the great and lasting honor of Sir Walter Ralegh; the British Dominion of the West. By
having originated and carried to success, in spite of
Martin A. S. Hame. With portrait and maps, 12mo, pp. 431.
"Builders of Greater Britain.” Longmans, Green, & Co.
numerous obstacles, the entire scheme of the World's
$1.50.
Congresses of 1893. The Parliament of Religions was The Cid Campeador, and the Waning of the Crescent in the
one of more than two hundred of these conventions; West. By H. Butler Clarke, M.A. Illus., 12mo, pp. 382.
and was, according to Mr. Bonney, the splendid crown:
"Heroes of the Nations." G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.50.
of the series.” In his “ History of the Parliament of
Portraits and silhouettes of Musicians. By Camille
Bellaigue; trans. from the French by Ellen Orr. With
Religions," also, Dr. Barrows has made the facts quite
portraits, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 302. Dodd, Mead &
clear as we have stated them.
Co. $1.50.


28
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
Masters of Medicine. Edited by Ernest Hart, D.C.L.
First vols.: John Hunter, Man of Science and Surgeon
(1728-1793), by Stephen_Paget, M.A.; and William Har
vey, by D'Arcy Power, F.S.A. Each with portrait, 12mo,
uncut. Longmans, Green, & Co. Per vol., $1.25.
HISTORY.
The Westward Movement: The Colonies and the Republic
West of the Alleghanies, 1763–1798. By Justin Winsor.
With maps, large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 595. Houghton,
Mifflin & Co. $4.
History of California. By Theodore H. Hittell. In 4 vols.,
large 8vo. San Francisco: N. J. Stone & Co. $16.
Historic New York: Being the First Series of the Half
Moon Papers. Edited by Maud Wilder Goodwin, Alice
Carrington Royce, and Ruth Putnam. Illus., 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 462. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $2.50.
Nullification and Secession in the United States: A
History of the Six Attempts during the First Century of
the Republic. By Edward Payson Powell. 12mo, pp. 461.
G. P. Putnam's Sons. $2.
The Story of the Palatines: An Episode in Colonial His-
tory. By Sanford H. Cobb. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 319.
G. P. Putnam's Song. $2.
Social Life in Old Virginia before the War. By Thomas
Nelson Page ; illus. by the Misses Cowles. 12mo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 109. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
A Sketch of Jewish History. By Gustav Karpeles. 16mo,
pp. 109. Jewish Pub'n Society of America. 30 cts.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
The Letters of Elizabeth Barrett Browning. Edited,
with biographical additions, by Frederic G. Kenyon. In
2 vols., with portraits, 12mo, gilt tops. Macmillan Co.
Boxed, $4.
Now Letters of Napoleon I. Omitted from the Edition
Published under the Auspices of Napoleon III. From the
French by Lady Mary Loyd. With portrait, 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 380. D. Appleton & Co. $2.
New Essays towards a Critical Method. By John Mac-
kinnon Robertson, 12mo, uncut, pp. 379, John Lane. $2.
The Interest of America in Sea Power, Present and
Future. By Captain A. T. Mahan, D.C.L. 12mo, gilt top,
pp. 314. Little, Brown, & Co. $2.
Men, Women, and Manners in Colonial Times. By
Sydney Geo. Fisher. In 2 vols., illus. in photogravure,
16mo, gilt tops, upcut. J. B. Lippincott Co. Boxed, $3.
Victorian Literature: Sixty Years of Books and Bookmen.
By Clement K. Shorter. 16mo, gilt top, pp. 231. Dodd,
Mead & Co. $1.50.
General Grant's Letters to & Friend, 1861-1880. With
Introduction and Notes by James Grant Wilson. With
portraits, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 132. T. Y. Crowell &
Co. $1.
A Book of Old English Love-Songs. With Introduction
by Hamilton Wright Mabie ; illus. by George Wharton
Edwards. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 159. Macmillan Co. $2.
The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine. Vol. LIV.,
May to Oct., 1897. Illus., large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 960.
Century Co. $4.
Specimens of the Pre-Shaksperean Drama. Edited by
John Matthews Manly. Vol. II.; 12mo, pp. 590.
næum Press Series.' Ginn & Co. $1.40.
Transatlantic Traits: Essays. By the Hon. Martin Morris.
12mo, uncut, pp. 125. London: Elliot Stock.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
" Library of Historical Novels and Romances. Edited by
George Laurence Gomme. First vols.: Lytton's Harold,
and Macfarlane's The Camp of Refuge. Each illus., 12mo,
upcut. Longmans, Green, & Co. Per vol., $1.50.
Poetical Works of Elizabeth Barrett Browning. With
portrait, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 667. Macmillan Co. $1.75 net.
Lucile. By Owen Meredith ; illus. in colors by Madeleine
Lemaire and in black-and-white by C. McCormick Rogers.
Large 4to, gilt top, pp. 382. F. A. Stokes Co. Boxed, $4.
Illustrated English Library. New vols.: Thackeray's
Pendennis, illus. by Chris. Hammond, Charlotte Brontë's
Shirley, illus. by F. H. Townsend; Thackeray's Vanity
Fair, illus. by Chris. Hammond ; Scott's Rob Roy, illus.
by F. H. Townsend. Each 12mo, uncut. G. P. Putnam's
Sons. Per vol., $1.
Shakespeare's Hamlet. Illus. by H. C. Christy. 12mo,
gilt edges, pp. 254. Dodd, Mead & Co. $2.
“Outward Bound" Edition of Rudyard Kipling's
Works. Now vol.: Verses, 1889–1896. Illus., 8vo, gilt top,
ancut, pp. 359. Charles Scribner's Sons. (Sold only by
subscription.)
A Sentimental Journey. By Laurence Sterne ; illus. by
T. H. Robinson. 12mo, gilt top, uncat, pp. 442. Long-
mans, Green, & Co. Si.
The Reader's Shakespeare. By David Charles Bell.
Vol. III., Comedies. 12mo, pp. 521. Funk & Wagnalls
Co. $1.50.
POETRY.
The Coming of Love, and Other Poems. By Theodore
Watts-Dunton. 12mo, gilt top, uucut, pp. 268. John
Lane. $2.
The Wooing of Malkatoon, and Commodus. By Low.
Wallace ;
illus. by Du Mond and Weguelin. 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 168. Harper & Brothers. Boxed, $2.50.
A Selection from the Poems of Mathilde Blind. Edited
by Arthur Symons. With portrait, 16mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 146. London: T. Fisher Unwin.
Rampolli, Growths from a Long-Planted Root: Being Trans-
lations, Chiefly from the German; along with A Diary of
an Old Soul. By George MacDonald. 12mo, uncut, pp. 303.
Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.75.
The Children of the Night: A Book of Poems. By Edwin
Arlington Robinson. 16mo, uncut, pp. 121. Richard G.
Badger & Co. $1.25 net.
The Habitant, and Other French-Canadian Poems. By
William Henry Drummond, M.D.; with Introduction by
Louis Frechette ; illus. in photogravure by F. S. Coburn.
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 137. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $2,50.
Sonnets of José-Maria de Heredia. Done into English by
Edward Robeson Taylor. 8vo, uncut, pp. 177. San Fran-
cisco : William Doxey. $2.50.
Shadows. By M. A. De Wolfe Howe. 18mo, uncut, pp. 47.
Copeland & Day. $1.
From cliff and Scaur: A Collection of Verse. By Ben-
jamin Sledd. 16mo, gilt top, pp. 100. G. P. Putnam's
Sons. $1.25.
Columbia Verse, 1892-1897. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 118.
New York: William Beverley Harison. $1. net.
One Way to the Woods. By Evaleen Stein. 24mo, uncut,
pp. 72. Copeland & Day. 75 cts.
Washington: A National Epic in Siz Cantos. By Edward
Johnson Runk. With portrait, 12mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 169. G. P. Putnam's Song. $1.25.
Songs of Flying Hours. By Dr. Edward Willard Watson.
Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 181. H. T. Coates & Co.
Truth and Poetry. By R. P. Brorup. 12mo, pp. 114.
Chicago : International Book Co. 40 cts.
FICTION.
The School for Saints. By John Oliver Hobbes. 12mo,
pp. 405. F. A. Stokes Co. $1.50.
Hania. By Henryk Sienkiewicz; trans. by Jeremiah Curtin.
With frontispiece, 12mo, pp.551. Little, Brown, & Co. $2.
Lin McLean. By Owen Wister. Illus., 12mo, pp. 277.
Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
Bye-Ways. By Robert S. Hichens. 12mo, uncut, pp. 356.
Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.25.
Vivian of Virginia. By Hulbert Fuller. Illus., 12mo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 377. Lamson, Wolffe, & Co. $1.75.
Harvard Episodes. By Charles Macomb Flandrau. 12mo,
uncut, pp. 339. Copeland & Day. $1.25.
Iva Kildare: A Matrimonal Problem. By L. B. Walford.
New edition ; 12mo, pp. 332. Longmans, Green, & Co.
$1.50.
Spanish John. By William McLennan. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 271. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
Jimty, and Others. By Margaret Sutton Briscoe. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 326. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
Secretary to Bayne, M.P. By W. Pett Ridge. 12mo,
pp. 263. Harper & Brothers. $1.25.
Dorothy Draycott's To-Morrows. By Virginia F. Town-
send. 12mo, pp. 383. Lee & Shepard. $1.50.
A Tsar's Gratitude. By Fred Whishaw. 12mo, pp. 320.
Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.25.
Paul Mercer: A Story of Repentance among Millions. By
James Adderley. 1żmo, uncut, pp. 234. Edward Arnold.
$1.25.
The Sinner. By “Rita." 12mo, gilt top, pp. 308. Rand,
McNally & Co. $1.
"Athe-


1898.]
29
THE DIAL
The Man of Last Resort; or, The Clients of Randolph
Mason. By Melville Davisson Post. 12mo, pp. 284. G.P.
Putnam's Sons. $1.
The Lady of the Violets. By Frank West Rollins. 16mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 238. Loo & Shepard. $1.
A Divorce Contract. By Robt. J. Smith. 12mo, pp. 190.
Terre Haute: C. W. Brown. Paper, 25 ots.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION.
On Blue Water. By Edmondo de Amicis; trans. by Jacob
B. Brown. Illas., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 387. G. P.
Putnam's Sons. $2.25.
Picturesque Sicily. By William Agnew Paton. Illus.,
870, gilt top, uncut, pp. 384. Harper & Brothers. $2.50.
Benin, the City of Blood. By Commander R. H. Bacon,
R.N. Illus., large 8vo, uncut, pp. 151. Edward Arnold. $2.
A World-Pilgrimage. By John Henry Barrows; edited
by Mary Eleanor Barrows. Illus., 8vo, pp. 479. A. C.
McClurg & Co. $2.
A Year from a Reporter's Note-Book. By Richard
Harding Davis. Illus., 12mo, pp. 305. Harper & Brothers.
$1.50.
Afloat on the Ohio: An Historical Pilgrimage of a Thousand
Miles in a Skiff, from Redstone to Cairo. By Reuben
Gold Thwaites. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 334. Way &
Williams. $1.50.
Hawall, Oar New Possessions. By John R. Musick. Dlus.,
8vo, pp. 524. Funk & Wagnalls Co. $2.75.
Going to War in Greece. By Frederick Palmer. Illus.,
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 192. R. H. Russell. $1.25.
Central Berkshire Illustrated: A Series of Reproductions
from Photographs. Oblong 8vo. Pittsfield, Mass.: George
Blatchford. $1.50.
THEOLOGY AND RELIGION.
The Expositor's Greek Testament. Edited by the Rev.
'W. Robertson Nicoll, M.A. Vol. I.; large 8vo, uncut,
pp. 872. Dodd, Mead & Co. $7.50.
A History of the Papacy, from the Great Schism to the
Sack of Rome. By M. Creighton, D.D. New edition; in
6 vols. 12mo, uncut. Longmans, Green, & Co. $12.
The Anglican Reformation. By William Clark, M.A.
12mo, pp. 482. "Ten Epochs of Church History." Chris-
tian Literature Co. $2.
Scientific Aspects of Christian Evidences. By G. Fred-
erick Wright, D.D. Illus., 12mo, pp. 362. D. Appleton
& Co. $1.50.
In Tune with the Infinite; or, Fullness of Peace, Power,
and Plenty. By_Ralph Waldo Trine. 12mo, gilt top,
ancut, pp. 222. T. Y. Crowell & Co. $1.25.
Buddhism and its Christian Critics. By Dr. Paul Carus.
12mo, gilt top, pp. 316. Open Court Pub'g Co. $1.25.
Prayers, Ancient and Modern. Selected and arranged
for daily reading by the editor of " Daily Strength for
Daily Needs." 24mo, pp. 366. Doubleday & MoClure
Co. $1.
Dilustrative Notes: A Guide to the Study of the Interna-
tional Sunday School Lessons for 1898. By Jesse Lyman
Hurlbut and Robert Remington Doherty. Illus., large
8vo, pp. 399. Curts & Jennings. $1.25.
Hymns that have Helped. Edited by W.T. Stead. 24mo,
pp. 276. Doubleday & McClure Co. 75 cts.
The Protestant Faith; or, Salvation by Belief. By Dwight
Hinckley Olmstead. Third edition ; 12mo, pp. 74. G. P.
Patnam's Sons. 75 cts.
Chalk Lines over Morals. By Rev. Charles Caverno, A.M.
12mo, pp. 313. Charles H. Kerr & Co.
REFERENCE.
Poole's Index to Periodical Literature. Third Supple-
ment, from Jan. 1, 1892, to Dec. 31, 1896. By William I.
Fletcher, A.M., and Franklin 0. Poole, A.B., with por-
trait, large 4to, pp. 637. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $10.
American Book-Prices Current for 1897. Compiled from
the auctioneers' catalogues by Luther S. Livingston. 8vo,
gilt top, pp. 551. Dodd, Mead & Co. $6. net.
Curiosities of Popular Customs, and of Rites, Ceremonies,
Observances, and Miscellaneous Antiquities. By William
S. Walsh. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, pp. 1018. J. B. Lippincott
Co. $3.50.
A Bibliography of British Municipal History, including
Gilds and Parliamentary Representation. By Charles
Gross, Ph.D. Large 8vo, pp. 461. · Harvard Historical
Studies. Longmans, Green, & Co. $2.50 net.
Punctuation. With Chapters on Hyphenization, Capitaliza-
tion, and Spelling. By F. Horace Teall. 16mo, gilt edges,
pp. 193. D. Appleton & Co. $1.
ART.
The Venetian Painters of the Renaissance. By Bern-
hard Berenson. Third edition ; illus. with 24 photogra-
vures. Large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 162. G. P. Put-
nam's Song. Boxed, $5.
The Decoration of Houses. By Edith Wharton and Ogden
Codman, Jr. Illus., large 8vo, uncut, pp. 204. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $4.
The Central Italian Painters of the Renaissance. By
Bernhard Berenson. With frontispiece, 12mo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 205. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG.
The Surprising Adventures of Sir Toady Lion, with
those of General Napoleon Smith. By S. R. Crockett.
Illus., 8vo, pp. 314. F. A. Stokes Co. $1.50.
Mother Goose in Prose. By L. Frank Baum; illus. by
Maxfield Parrish. 4to, pp. 265. Way & Williams. $2.
The Rock of the Lion. By Molly Elliot Seawell. Ilus.,
12mo, pp. 333. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
Lullaby-Land: Songs of Childhood by Eugene Field. Se-
lected by Kenneth Grahame ; illus. by Charles Robinson.
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 229. Charles Scribner's Sons.
$1.50.
St. Nicholas: An Illustrated Magazine for Young Folks.
Conducted by Mary Mapes Dodge. Vol. XXIV.; in 2
parts, illus., large 8vo. Century Co. $4.
Harper's Round Table for 1897. Illus., 4to, pp. 1272.
Harper & Brothers. $3.50.
The King's Story Book: Being Historical Stories Collected
out of English Romantio Literature. Edited by George
Laurence Gomme. Illus., 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 527.
Longmans, Green, & Co. $2.
The Cruikshank Fairy-Book. Illus. by George Cruiksbank.
8vo, gilt edges, pp. 216. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $2.
Little Homespun. By Ruth Ogden; illus. by Maud Hum-
phrey. 12mo, pp. 127. F. A. Stokes Co. $1.25.
MISCELLANEOUS.
A History of Dancing, from the Earliest Ages to our Own
Times. From the French of Gaston Vuillier. Illus. in
photogravure, etc., large 4to, uncut, pp. 380. D. Appleton
& Co. Boxed, $12.
Early Long Island Wills of Suffolk County, 1691-1703.
With genealogical and historical Notes by William S.
Pelletreau, A.M. Large 8vo, uncut, pp. 301. Francis P.
Harper. $5. net.
An Almanac of Twelve Sports. By William Nicholson ;
words by Rudyard Kipling. Large 4to. R. H. Russell.
$1.25.
Japanese Topsyturvydom. By Mrs. E. S. Patton, Illus.
in colors, 8vo. Tokyo: T. Hasegawa.
Calendar for the Year 1898: The Months of Japanese
Children. Illus. in colors, 18mo. Tokyo: T. Hasegawa.
Songs and Stories from Tennessee. By John Trotwood
Moore. 12mo, pp. 250. Chicago: John C. Bauer.
16 oz. to the lb.
38 in. to the ya. The Standard Blank Books.
25 sheets (100 pp.)
to the quire.
Manufactured (for the Trade only) by
THE BOORUM & PEASE COMPANY.
Everything, from the smallest pass-book to the largest ledger, suitable
to all purposes — Commercial, Educational, and Household uses. Flat-
opening Account Books, under the Frey patent. For sale by all book-
sellers and stationers.
Offices and Salesrooms : 101 & 103 Duane St., NEW YORK CITY.
Joseph Gillott's Steel Pens.
FOR GENERAL WRITING, Nos. 404, 332, 604 E. F., 601 E. F., 1014.
FOR FINE WRITING, Nos. 303 and 170 (Ladies' Pen), No. 1.
FOR BROAD WRITING, Nos. 294, 389; Stub Points 849, 983, 1008,
1009, 1010, 1043.
FOR ARTISTIC USE in fine drawings, Nos. 659 (Crow Quill), 290,
291, 837, 850, and 1000.
Other Styles to suit all Hands. Gold Medals at Paris Exposition,
1878 and 1889, and the Award at Chicago, 1893.
Joseph Gillott & Sons, 91 John St., New York.


30
[Jan. 1,
THE DIAL
Parquet Floors
WHIDDEN'S (Especially
Natural History)
BOOKS.
THE BEST BOOKS, AND FOR EVERYBODY. Are not only beautiful, durable, and sanitary, but the
BEGINNING FALL OF 1897.
plainer styles are inexpensive, costing about the same as
carpet. No expenditure about the home brings a larger
and cleanliness than that
Of the Eastern United States.
incurred in the purchase of these floors.
With Plates as Nature shows them. Written and illustrated by
B. F. DENTON.
CATALOGUE FREE.
A new work, giving, with full and latest descriptions, the life, histo-
ries, and directions for collecting. To be most carefully illustrated in
both plain and colored plates.
CHICAGO FLOOR CO.,
In Eight Sections. Each, Net, $3.00.
At all Bookstores everywhere.
132 Wabash Avenue,
CHICAGO.
19 Send for Catalogues. All sorts of Natural History Books. Of all
booksellers, or seat by
Tel. M. 3390.
Bradlee Whidden, Publisher, 18 Arch St., Boston.
VIOLINISTS.
OLD SOUTH LEAFLETS ON THE
ANTI-SLAVERY STRUGGLE.
Send for Our Book of OLD VIOLINS (FREE).
It contains historical sketches of the old masters of Cremona
Eight leaflets relating to the Anti-slavery Struggle have just been
added to the series of Old South Leaflets, constituting Nos. 78-85 of the
and Brescia from 1540 ; illustrated; with facsimile labels; also
series. The new leaflets are as follows: a Reprint of the First Number
a descriptive list of old violins possessing the pure mellow tone,
of The Liberator; Wendell Phillips's Eulogy of Garrison ; Theodore costing from $25 to $5,000. A formal Certificate of Genuine-
Parker's Address on the Dangers from Slavery; Whittier's Account of Nons with each violin. Several violins sent on selection when
the Anti-slavery Convention of 1833 ; Mrs. Stowe's Story of “Uncle desired.
Tom's Cabin"; Sumner's Speech on the Crime against Kansas ; Words
LYON & HEALY,
of John Brown; and the first Lincoln and Douglas Debate. These
eight leaflets are bound together in a neat volume in paper covers, with
CORNER ADAMS ST. AND WABASH AVE., CHICAGO.
an introduction giving complete lists of all the Old South leaflets and
We would like to have you
lectures since 1883, and sold for thirty-five cents. Accompanied asall
the leaflets are with careful references to the best books, nothing could EXAMINE AND CRITICIZE
be a better guide for clubs and classes making a study of the Anti-
slavery Struggle. The Old South leaflets are sold for 5 cents a copy, or Our large and very handsome stock of Winter suitings,
84.00 per hundred. Send for complete list.
feeling sure that we can gratify your taste, among our
DIRECTORS OF OLD SOUTH WORK,
1001 patterns, and can suit your pocket book with our
Old South Meeting House, Washington St., Boston, Mass. business suit price, $15 to $40.
NICOLL THE TAILOR,
FOR OBTAINING 100 QUESTIONS upon any play of Shakespeare,
Corner Clark and Adams Streets, CHICADO.
251 Fifth Avenue, New York City.
RICHARD HERBERT ARMS, A,B. Professional Tutor, will
JUST OUT.
Address, 125 Lake Shore Drive, CHICAGO.
Catalogue of First Editions, Americana, Old Newspapers,
GARRETT NEWKIRK, M.D.,
and Almanacks, etc., etc. Also in preparation Catalogue
DENTIST,
of Autograph Letters and Historical Documents, with
31 Washington Street,
CHICAGO.
a few Book Plates, mailed free on application to
D. H. PLETCHER.
J. W. CADBY, 131 Eagle St., Albany, N. Y.
DIXON & FLETCHER,
Patent Attorneys,
STORY-WRITERS, Biographers, Historians, Poets - Do
you desire the honest criticism of your
Suite 1541-42 Monadnock Block, CHICAGO.
book, or its skilled revision and correction, or advice as to publication ?
Such work, said George William Curtis, is done as it should be by The
Easy Chair's friend and fellow laborer in letters, Dr. Titus M. Coan."
Condensed, classified, comprehensive, non-partisan, clean. Gives
Terms by agreement. Send for circular D, or forward your book or MS.
facts, not opinions. Economizes time and money. $1.00 a year; trial
to the New York Bureau of Revision, 70 Fifth Ave., New York.
of 13 weeks, 15 cts. Cheapest review published.
Address PATHFINDER, Washington, D. C.
SEVENTH YEAR. CRITICISM, ADVICE,
REVISION, DISPOSAL. Thorough, Scarce and Miscellaneous Books.
careful attention to MSS. of all kinds.
REFERENCES: Noah Brooks, Mrs.Deland, Americana,
Poems, Fiction, etc.,
Mrs. Burton Harrison, Mrs. Julia Ward Late War,
Religion,
Howe, W. D. Howells, Mrs. Moulton, History, Biography, Travel, Botany and Natural History,
Charles Dudley Warner, Mary E. Wilkins,
Fine Editions,
Political Economy,
and others. For rates, references, and
Old, Quaint, and Curious, Spiritualism,
editorial notices, send stamp to
Lectures, Essays, etc.,
Etc., Etc.
WILLIAM A. DRESSER, Director, 100 Pierce Building,
Send stamp for catalogue to A. J. CRAWFORD,
Mention The Dial,
Copley Square, Boston, Mass.
P. 0. Box 317.
312 N. Seventh Street, ST. LOUIS, MO.
FRENCH BOOKS.
Readers of French desiring good literature will take pleas-
We solicit correspondence with book-buyers for private and ure in reading our ROMANS CHOISIS SERIES, 60 cts. per
other Libraries, and desire to submit figures on proposed lists. vol. in paper and 85 cts, in cloth ; and CONTES CHOISIS
Our recently revised topically arranged Library List (mailed SERIES, 25 cts. per vol. Each a masterpiece and by a well-
gratis on application) will be found useful by those selecting known author. List sent on application. Also complete cata-
titles.
logue of all French and other Foreign books when desired.
THE BAKER & TAYLOR CO.,
WILLIAM R. JENKINS,
Wholesale Books, 5 & 7 East 16th St., New York. Nos. 851 and 853 Sixth Ave. (cor. 48th St.), NEW YORK.
T. 8. E, DIXON

uthors'
gency
LIBRARIES.

—.
---
-
..


1898.]
31
THE DIAL
H. A. KEL80, Jr.,
ALBERT E. RUFF,
Director of Piano Department. Director of Vocal Department.
MAY DONNALLY KELSO,
Director of Dramatic Department.
$5.25 for $2.75
$10. for $5.
CULTURED PEOPLE
KELSO-RUFF SCHOOL
OF
THE
Who are particular as to the class of reading
matter that goes into their homes, and realize
the importance of admitting only such publica-
tions as maintain a high standard and elevated
tone, are invited to try for 1898 the three pub-
Musical and Dramatic Art, lications which, in a city where commercial and
material affairs have long held sway, are working
HANDEL HALL, CHICAGO,
in the interests of higher intelligence and culture,
Offers superior advantages to Students desiring and have won a position in their respective fields
second to none in America. These papers are:
instruction in Music, Oratory, or
the Drama.
THE CHICAGO EVENING POST.
« THE CHICAGO EVENING Post bears the same rela-
tion to the Chicago press that The New York Evening
Mr. Kelso bas just published a new work, in Post bears to the press of that city -
that is to say, it
two books, treating of the Pedals, their relation is a daily paper of the highest class, and appeals for its
constituency to the best classes of people, and is there-
to natural movements and to the science of acous fore free from sensationalism and from any pandering
tics. Signs are employed to indicate the exact to ignorance, prejudice, or vice.”—The Interior, Chicago.
movements of the wrist used in executing each
THE CHAP-BOOK.
illustration. They contain many original chap “ Chicago's handsome CHAP-Book . . has estab-
ters on subjects not heretofore formulated for
lished itself as the most amusing, the most readable, of
American literary periodicals. . . . THE CHAP-BOOK
teaching purposes. For sale at the School. is to be congratulated on the intelligence, the freedom
from prejudice, which marks its literary judgments, and
on the fact that it can hold itself uninfluenced even before
the greatest names in fiction.” Kansas City Star.
THE DIAL.
« THE DIAL is the best and ablest literary paper in
of NEW MEXICO
MEXICO the country.” – John G. Whittier.
“ From every point of view, THE DIAL is unsurpassed
and ARIZONA.
by any other literary journal in England or America."
- Sir Walter Besant.
The SALT RIVER VALLEY of Arizona and the
To put these three papers within the reach
various Health Resorts in NEW MEXICO
of all who appreciate the desirability of seeing
Are unrivalled for the relief of chronic lung and
them regularly, the publishers have arranged
throat diseases. Pure, dry air; an equable tem-
perature; the proper altitude; constant sunshine.
Two Unapproachable Club Offers for 1898.
Descriptive pamphlets issued by Santa Fe
OFFER No. 1.
Route Passenger Department contain complete Evening Post, Saturday edit'n, $1.25 The THREE to
information relative to these regions.
The Chap-Book, semi-monthly, $2.00
any address
The items of altitude, temperature, humidity,
The Dial, semi-monthly, . $2.00 7 Through 1898
hot springs, sanatariums, cost of living, medical
Total .
$5.25 For $2.75*
attendance, social advantages, etc., are concisely
OFFER No. 2.
treated from an impartial standpoint.
Evening Post, daily edition. $6.00 The THREE to
Physicians are respectfully asked to place this The Chap-Book
$2.00
any address
'iterature in the hands of invalids who need a
The Dial .
$2.00 Through 1898
hange of climate.
Total. ..$10.00 For $5.00*
Address W. J. BLACK,
* These offers are open only to those not now taking any of the three
papers, but present Dial subscribers, not taking either of the other two
G. P. A., A. T. & S. F. Ry., papers, may take advantage of either offer at $1. additional to club rates
TOPEKA, KAN.
given.
HIGGINS,
Address Subscription Department, THE DIAL,
A. G. P. A., CHICAGO.
315 Wabash Ave., CHICAGO.
Climate
Cure of NEW
.
.


82
(Jan. 1, 1898.
THE DIAL
A HINT FOR THE HOLIDAYS.
FOR THE PRESENT HOLIDAY SEASON, Book-lovers have the chance to
procure for gift purposes such a literary treasure as was never before seen. To Mr. Charles
Dudley Warner, as its editor-in-chief, belongs the palm of victory for this achievement in book
production. The “Library of the World's Best Literature," as it has been happily named,
might also fitly be termed the world's crowning effort in the creation of books.
Either praise or minute description of this magnificent work would seem almost needless
to a public that has read its eulogy, since the appearance of the very first volume, in all the
chief literary periodicals of the country. Just here may be noted briefly the principal features
that constitute the Library a work of surpassing excellence for profit and enjoyment:
CRITICAL ESSAYS. About a thousand graphic essays, by living scholars and
writers of eminence, furnish in popular style their critical, interpretative, biographical, and
historical comments on the world's great authors and their principal works, alike of ancient and
modern times. In every one of these the critic is also a specialist in relation to his subject.
SELECTED LITERATURE. Following the interpretative studies are presented
the master productions of the most famous writers of all ages and countries. The collection
includes Poetry, History, Romance, Oratory, Biography, Science and Philosophy, Theology,
Letters, Drama, Wit and Humor, and every other form of literary expression.
HISTORY OF LITERATURE. The Library contains histories of all the world's
literatures, ancient and modern, written in each case by a specialist who is recognized as author-
ity on the subject. The sacred books of the nations also form special studies.
SYNOPSIS OF BEST BOOKS. Three thousand of the world's best books are
separately analyzed and given in clear synopsis of narrative, plot, and characters. Refreshes
our past reading and guides to that of the future.
BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY. The most complete and accurate dictionary of
the lives of great authors ever made. It embraces 12,000 names and gives under each all
essential facts and literary successes.
INDEX. The most elaborate and careful ever yet compiled for a work of magnitude.
It indexes by reference and cross-reference every name, event, book, selection, topic and senti-
ment treated of on any page of the Library. An immense boon to literary workers. Such
are the chief features that distinguish the “Library of the World's Best Literature.” But
they are not all. There are others that serve to make it as helpful to the student and scholar
as it is bright and entertaining for mere intellectual recreation.
FOR THESE HOLIDAYS ONLY,
Not for those of next year or the years to follow, can the LIBRARY be obtained at the excep-
tionally low price now made available through the Harper's Weekly Club. This was onl'
established as an introductory figure to enable the public to learn the merits and value of ti
work. THE PRICE IS TO BE ADVANCED AFTER NEW YEAR's Day. None should miss t)
present opportunity to secure full particulars under the exceptionally advantageous offer ma
for the month of December to all who become members of the Harper's Weekly Club.
Address
HARPER'S WEEKLY CLUB, 93 Fifth Ave., New York
THE DIAL PRESS, CHICAGO.


UNIVERSIE
STAT
051
254
v.24
nr.275
Jan.16, 151
3
Library
THE
THE DIAL
A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF
Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
EDITED BY
FRANCIS F. BROWNE.
Volume XXIV.
No. 278.
CHICAGO, JAN. 16, 1898.
10 cts. a copy. I 315 WABASH AVE.
82. a year. l Opposite Auditorium.
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
PUBLISH TO-MORROW:
A History of the United States for Schools.
By WILBUR F. GORDY, Principal of the North School, Hartford, Conn. With about 300 illustrations and
maps. 8vo, $1.00 net.
Professor Gordy is widely known in educational circles as a successful teacher, particularly of history, and as the
co-author of "A Pathfinder in American History." He has here written a history of our country, for use in schools,
which is eminently in advance of its predecessors in clearness of arrangement, in presenting the essentials in a way that
will most surely appeal to the child, and in omitting or lessening in importance the mass of matter irrelevant to the real
record of our nation's growth. The work is abundantly illustrated and contains most suggestive hints to teachers and
pupils alike.
The Oxford Manuals of English
History.
Edited by C. W. C. OMAN, M.A., F.S.A., Fellow of All
Souls' College, Oxford. Six volumes, bound in neat cloth,
with map, genealogies, and index. Each 50 cts. net.
Prof. E. P. CHEYNEY, of the University of Pennsylvania, says:
"Small as they are and elementary in appearance, I am not at all sure
that they are not exactly what we want for college use - something
that will give the principal facts in sufficiently scholarly selection,
arrangement, and form, and yet be short enough to allow the student
plenty of time for collateral reading and attention to the matter of
the lectures."
Just published: IV. ENGLAND AND THE REFORMATION;
A. D. 1485–1603. By G. W. POWERS, M.A., late Scholar of New College.
In Préparation : III. THE HUNDRED YEARS' WAR; A. D.
1328–1485. By C. W. C. OMAN, M.A., editor of the series.
A National Church.
By WILLIAM REED HUNTINGTON, D.D., Rector of Grace
Church, New York. (The Bedell Lectures for 1897.)
12mo. pp. 109, $1.00.
Dr. Huntington here presents with force and clearness his views on
the theory and the practicability of a National Church with special
reference to our own country. He names as the three " watchwords
of unity": In the field of Dogma, theological and ethical, Condensa-
tion; in the fieli of Polity, Co-ordination; in the field of Worship,
Classification. The chief stumbling-blocks to unity he finds to be
“Sacramental Theology, the value of historicity in connection with
Holy Orders, and the Sacramental Order of Worship." The first of
these questions is minutely discussed in an appendix, and there are
other appendices devoted to “The Place of Temperament in Religion,"
and " a Bibliography of Irenic Literature, American and English."
The Significance of the Westminster Standards as a Creed.
By BENJAMIN B. WARFIELD, D.D., Professor of Theology in Princeton University. 12mo, 75 cents.
The recent celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the framing of the Westminster Standards has
awakened a widespread interest in these venerable documents. Dr. Warfield's book, which the Outlook declares "able and
brilliantly written," describes the historical circumstances of the origin and the resulting character and contents of this
statement of belief by the Presbyterian fathers.
TWO RECENT VOLUMES:
Audubon and His Journals.
The Decoration of Houses.
By MARIA R. AUDUBON, with Notes by ELLIOTT COUES. By EDITH WHARTON and OGDEN CODMAN, Jr. With 56
With many portraits and other illustrations, including full-page illustrations. Large 8vo, $4.00.
three hitherto unpublished bird drawings. 2 volumes, 8vo, CONTENTS : The Historical Tradition - Rooms in General - Walls
$7.50.
Doors - Windows - Fireplaces - Ceilings and Floors — Entrance and
CONTENTS: Biography.
Vestibule - Hall and Stairs - The Drawing-Room, Boudoir, and
The European Journals, 1826–29.
Morning-Room - Gala-Rooms: Ball-Room, Saloon, Music-Room, Gal-
The Labrador Journal, 1833.
lery – The Library, Smoking-Room, and Den - The Dining Room -
Bedrooms - The School-Room and Nurseries — Bric-a-brac.
The Missouri Journals, 1843.
“The result of a woman's faultless taste collaborating with a man's
The Episodes.
technical knowledge. Its mission is to reveal to the hundreds who
"A publishing year notable for important biographies is not to be have advanced just far enough to find that they can go no farther
allowed to close without one American contribution to the list. The alone, truth lying concealed below the surface. It teaches that con-
Scribners are to publish this week what will be practically a new Life summate taste is satisfied only with a perfected simplicity; that the
of Audubon. It is the work of Audubon's grand-daughter, with anno façades of a house must be the envelope of the rooms within, and
tation of Elliott Coues, and will contain Audubon's journals complete adapted to them as the rooms themselves are to the habits and require.
for the first time (a part come to light by a happy accident in 1896), ments of those who dwell therein '; that proportion is the backbone
together with ... three bird drawings not produced hitherto. In of the decorator's art; and that supreme elegance is fitness and mod-
these days of widespread interest in bird-lore, and of numberless eration; and, above all, that an attention to architectural principles
Audubon societies, the first full and authentic record of their patron can alone lead decoration to a perfect development." New York
saint should prove a most valuable publication."-N. Y. Evening Post, Evening Post.
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 153-157 Fifth Avenue, New York.


34
[Jan. 16, 1898.
THE DIAL
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY'S
NEW SCHOOL TEXT-BOOKS.
LANGUAGE.
The Elements of Grammar.
By GEORGE R. CARPENTER, Professor
of Rhetoric and English Composition
in Columbia College.
Cloth, 16mo, 75 cts.
The two courses of exercises in Rhe-
torio and English Composition which
Prof. Carpenter has prepared for high
school and college classes are so plain,
practical, and sensible that teachers who
have used them look for this new Gram-
mar with unusual interest.
FRENCH.
A Preparatory Course in
French.—Three Years.
Covering all the requirements for ad-
mission to Universities, Colleges, and
Schools of Science. By CHARLES F.
KROEH, A.M., Stevens Institute of
Technology. First year's course.
Cloth, 12mo, 60 cts. net.
Teachers' Edition, 65 cts. net
The course is so arranged that the
first two years will prepare students for
admission to certain courses at colleges
and technical schools, while the whole
three years will prepare for admission
to any course at any college or univer-
sity.
GERMAN.
Schiller's William Tell.
Edited by W. H. CARRUTH, University
of Kansas.
Cloth, 16mo. In Press
The initial volume of a series entitled
Macmillan's German Classics for Col-
lege and School Use, under the general
editorship of WATERMAN T. HEWETT,
Cornell University.
HISTORY.
A Student's History of the
United States.
By EDWARD CHANNING, Professor of
History, Harvard University, author
of “The United States of America,
1765-1865.” Maps, illustrations, etc.
Cloth, crown 8vo, 81.40 net
This work is primarily designed for
the use of students in the last year of
the High School; but can readily be
adapted to the needs of lower grades.
The volume is equipped with an appara-
tus of topics, references, and suggestive
questions which will enable any teacher
to adopt the better methods of teaching
history, which a few colleges already
encourage by their requirements for
admission.
The Growth of the French
Nation.
By GEORGE BURTON ADAMS, Professor
of History in Yale University. With
maps, illustrations, etc.
16mo, cloth, 81.25 net
“It would be scarcely possible for
French history to be set before edu-
cated men in so small a compags more
skilfully, more graphically, or more
thoroughly in accord with the results of
recent investigation; certainly no En-
glish history of France of the same size
can compare with it for accuracy or in-
terest." —- English Historical Review.
BOTANY.
Lessons with Plants.
Suggestions for Seeing and Inter-
preting Some of the Common
Forms of Vegetation.
By L. H. BAILEY, Cornell University,
author of The Garden Craft Series,
etc. With delineations from nature
by W. S. HOLDSWORTH, of the Agri-
cultural College of Michigan.
Cloth, 12mo, 81.10
The purpose of the book is to suggest
methods of nature study, not to present
facts. They aim to suggest interesting
topics to the teacher, and means of pre-
senting the subject. A briefer volume,
containing twenty lessons reprinted from
this book, can also be had.
NATURE STUDY.
Nature Study for
Elementary Schools.
By Mrs. L. L. W. WILSON, Ph.D., Phila-
delphia Normal School. Two vol-
umes.
LITERATURE.
A Text-Book of American
Literature,
By KATHARINE LEE BATES, Professor
of Literature in Wellesley College,
author of “The English Religious
Drama," etc.
Student's Edition, cloth, $1.00
Library Edition, $1.50
The history of our national literature
is given in unusually close connection
with the development of American life.
The opening chapter treats of the Colo-
nial Period; the second of the Revolu-
tionary; the remaining four of the Na-
tional Era, or the Nineteenth Century.
The Golden Treasury of
Songs and Lyrics
in the English Language.
Second Series — MODERN POETRY.
Selected and arranged, with an introduc-
tion and notes, by FRANCIS T. PAL-
GRAVE, late Professor of Poetry in
Oxford University. Golden Treasury
Series.
Cloth, 18mo, $1.00
PSYCHOLOGY.
A Primer of Psychology,
By EDWARD BRADFORD TITCHENER,
Ph.D., Cornell University, author of
"An Outline of Psychology."
Cloth, 16mo. Nearly Ready
This volume is intended as a first book
in psychology. It aims to outline, with
no more of technical detail than accu-
racy requires, the methods and most
important results of modern psychology,
and to furnish the reader with references
for further study. It is written with
direct regard for the needs of Normal
and High Schools, but is comprehensive
enough to give the general reader a fair
idea of the present status of psychology
in all its branches.
Reader. In Press
Manual. Cloth, 90 cts. net
For the Manual for Teachers, Col.
Francis W. Parker's Preface says:
“The pressing need of the hour is
genuine students of education, teachers
who bring to every child and every sub-
ject a mind full of desire to know, an
abiding faith in boundless possibilities,
a freshness of spirit that is in itself the
most potent factor in education, a devo-
tion that inspires new contributions to
the unlimited science of teaching. This
book is such a contribution, and I am
sure it will be a great help to many
teachers who are struggling with the
problem of Nature Study."
Science Readers.
By Vincent T. Murche.
Revised and adapted for use in schools,
with a preface by Mrs. L. L. W. WIL-
SON, Ph.D., Philadelphia Normal
School.
Cloth, 16mo.
Vols. I. and II., 25 cts. each
Vols. III. and IV., 40 cts, each
Vols. V. and VI., 50 cts, each
These are readers carefully graded
and intended by the author to accom-
pany a course of object lessons in ele-
mentary science, but not in any way
dependent on them. They give the chil-
dren precisely the sort of information
needed, for they concern the plants,
animals, etc., most familiar to them,
99
FOR TERM8, INTRODUCTION, OR ANY FURTHER INFORMATION, ADDRESS
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, No. 66 Fifth Avenue, New York.


THE
DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
PAGE
.
.
THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of
each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, postage
ENERGY AND ART.
prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries
comprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must Mr. Swinburne speaks somewhere of the dis-
be added. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the
tinction, which yet amounts to “no mutually
current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or
postal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO CLUBS and exclusive division,” between the gods and the
for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application; giants of literature. Practically the same dis-
and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATEs furnished
tinction is made by his friend, Mr. Theodore
on application. All communications should be addressed to
THE DIAL, 315 Wabash Ave., Chicago.
Watts-Dunton, in the statement, which recurs
frequently in the writings of the latter critic,
No. 278. JANUARY 16, 1898. Vol. XXIV. to the effect that poetic energy and poetic art
are
" the two forces that move in the produc-
CONTENTS.
tion of all poetry.” The distinction is illumi-
nating for the understanding of poetry, for
ENERGY AND ART
35 these two forces are the fundamental elements
THE MODERN-LANGUAGE MEN IN COUNCIL 37
of the effective appeal of literature, as, indeed,
ON A RECENT BOOK OF POEMS. (To E. C. S.)
of all the forms of artistic endeavor. In the
Louis J. Block . .
39 greatest of poets, to be sure, we find the two
forces to coëxist in such supreme degree and
COMMUNICATIONS
39
Dialect, or English ? Marion E. Sparks.
perfect balance that they become, as it were,
Another Disputed Americanism. Albert Matthews. merely the two aspects of the phenomenon
THE NAVY AND THE NAVAL POLICY OF which we call genius, and we understand that
THE UNITED STATES. E. G. J.
41 for the highest achievements of literature the
CHURCH HISTORIAN, THEOLOGIAN, AND one is but the necessary complement of the
TEACHER. Harry W. Reed
44 other. This is what we find in Shakespeare
MR. GRANT ALLEN AS AN ANTHROPOLOGIST. and Dante and Pindar, possibly also in Goethe
Frederick Starr
and Milton. But when we view the work of
PHILOSOPHY OR RELIGION? John Bascom 46 the poets who just escape inclusion in the small
The Conception of God. - Bruce's The Providential
company of the supreme singers of the world,
Order of the World. — Westcott's Christian Aspects
of Life.
we nearly always discover some preponderance
of energy over art or of art over energy. As
RECENT AMERICAN POETRY. William Morton
Payne .
.. 47
47 coming under the latter category, for example,
Stedman's Poems Now First Collected.- Johnson's we think of Sophocles and Virgil and Tenny-
Songs of Liberty - Burton's Memorial Day.- Rob-
son; while the former category embraces
inson's The Children of the Night. - Remsen's The
Daughter of Ypocas.— Howe's Shadows.- Horton's
Æschylus and Lucretius and Victor Hugo.
Amphrbessa. Cheney's Out of the Silence. – Mrs. Taking a step still further away from the great
Adams's The Choir Visible. — Miss Kimball's Vic-
masters, we meet with such fairly antipodal
tory. - Miss Stein's One Way to the Woods. – Mrs.
Johnston and Mrs. Bacon's Songs Ysame. -Swift's
contrasts as are offered by Horace and Juvenal,
Love's Way. - Sledd's From Cliff and Scaur. - by Spenser and Jonson, or by Keats and Byron.
Moore's The Death of Falstaff. – Watson's Songs of
In these cases we have either art so finished
Flying Hours.—Van Zile's The Dreamers.-Browne's
The House of the Heart.
that the energy has become potential, or energy
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
so unrestrained that the art has been well-nigh
52
The Rescue of Mr. Ruskin's Scapegoat. — Disquisi ignored.
tions on the Dandaical Soul. - Two new Golden
This thought may profitably be pursued into
Treasuries. — “Music: Its Ideals and Methods.".
Essays in English. - A compact popular life of Marie
the domain of prose literature, and even, as
Antoinette. - Peter the Great as a monster. — Mysti was above suggested, into the field of the fine
fying the mysterious in theology. - A supernal Bible.
arts in general. The noblest prose - that of
- Patriots of the Revolution.
Plato, for example — has the same balance of
BRIEFER MENTION .
56
energy and art that is displayed by the noblest
LITERARY NOTES
56
poetry. On the other hand, we have tremen-
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
57 dous
energy with but scant art in such a writer
45
.
.
.


36
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
plus of
our
as Carlyle, well-nigh perfect art with but little day. It is true enough that a great deal of
energy in such a writer as Landor. In archi- verbiage about poetry issues from the “blind
tecture, the Gothic style astonishes us with its mouths" of self-constituted critics who know
energy, the classic style entrances us with its not whereof they speak; but that has always
art. In sculpture, the one type is represented been the case. Our writer himself makes the
by Michel Angelo, the other by Thorwaldsen. saving admission that the art of poetry still
In painting, the predominance of energy in finds appreciation “in one or two quarters
Tintoretto is as unquestionable as the predomi- which we need not indicate," and that is prob-
nance of art in Raphael. And in music, while ably all that might be said of the criticism of
Bach and Beethoven stand for the Shakes-Rossetti's time, or of a still earlier generation.
pearian harmony of both forces in their highest When we are well along into the twentieth
development, we may easily discern the over century, it is precisely the criticism from these
energy in Liszt and Tschaikowsky, of unindicated quarters that will alone survive,
art in Gluck and Mozart. The broad distinc and will urge the writers of that period in
tion between the classic and the romantic styles, turn to say things about the decay of criticism
which runs through all the arts, is, moreover, in their own time.
in their own time. The ineptitudes of the
to a considerable extent, the distinction between criticism that greeted the early work of Keats
these two primary forces under other names. and Shelley, of Wordsworth and Tennyson,
In a recent number of “The Athenæum were surely as unfortunate as any utterances
there are some interesting remarks upon this of the present day, and, what is particularly to
subject as it is related to literary criticism, re the point, they were lacking in precisely that
marks in which it would be an affectation to appreciation of poetry as art for which Mr.
pretend not to recognize the hand of Mr. Watts-Dunton seeks almost in vain in
Watts-Dunton. “ It would be unseemly here current critical literature.
to criticize contemporary criticism, but it may, Having entered this protest against a state-
without intending offense, be said that while ment that seems altogether too sweeping, we
the appreciation of poetry as an energy is as are now prepared to admit that a good many
strong as ever in the criticism of the present present-day facts lend countenance to the con-
day, the appreciation of poetry as an art is tention. Popular opinion naturally cares more
non-existent, except in one or two quarters for energy than for art in literature, for the
which we need not indicate.
To go no
obvious reason that it is stirred by the one and
further back than the time when Rossetti's
not easily susceptible to the appeal of the other.
poems were published, compare the critical It feels the power of Browning, for example,
canons then in vogue with the critical canons and, although by long familiarity made dimly
of the present day. On account of a single conscious of the exquisite art of Tennyson, is
cockney rhyme, the critics of that period would disposed to allow the one quality to offset the
damn a set of verses in which perhaps a meas other, and consider the two as equally great
ure of poetic energy was not wanting. The poets. It is the same rough-and-ready sort of
critics of to-day fall for the most part into judgment that for a long time held Byron to be
two classes : those who do not know what is a greater poet than Wordsworth, that in our own
meant by a cockney rhyme, and those who love time thinks of Tolstoi as a greater master of
a cockney rhyme.” If this is true, it is a fiction than Tourguénieff, or that made Juvenal
serious matter, for we are not content to share seem a greater poet than Virgil to the indi-
the non-committal position of the writer, who vidual idiosyncrasy of Hugo, or Wordsworth
confines himself to saying: “We merely record and even Byron greater poets than Shelley to
an interesting and suggestive fact of literary the individual idiosyncrasy of Matthew Arnold.
history. If in poetical criticism the wisdom It is the sort of judgment that reaches the cul-
of one generation is the folly of the next, it is mination of extravagance in the things that are
the same in everything man says and in every sometimes said about Walt Whitman by the
thing he does, so whimsical a creature has the injudicious among his admirers. When we
arch-humorist Nature set at the top of the consider that Whitman's verses are not even
animal kingdom."
what the worst of Browning's are — “verses
For our part, we believe that the appreciation from the typographical point of view” – we
of poetry as an art is essential to the very ex may realize to what an extent criticism gone
istence of criticism, and are far from willing mad is capable of ignoring poetic art and rest-
to admit that it is non-existent at the present I ing its case upon poetic energy alone.
ID-


1898.]
37
THE DIAL
the
The reference to Arnold suggests reflections persons of most unaccountable tastes. And
of a deeper sort. That the writer who was on the beautiful remains the beautiful in all
ages,
the whole the truest and finest English critic of its laws immutable and its strength sure, while
our generation occasionally went wrong, is well some there be who find it out, and, not content
enough understood ; and it is generally admit to know it for their own enjoyment alone, bid
ted that his dicta about Shelley constitute the others to the feast and help them to understand
most wrong-headed of all his utterances. Now how, although poetic energy by itself may ac-
the substance of his criticism was that Shelley's complish much, conjoined with poetic art it
poetry is “ beautiful but ineffectual”
may accomplish more, and that the abiding
passage is too familiar to need quotation in full power of literature resides in its form more
- and the implication clearly is that it is more than in its force, or rather that the form alone
important for poetry to be effectual - charged can preserve the force from becoming spent in
with energy, that is — than beautiful. This is the hour of its birth.
mainly interesting as going to show how a critic
of the best type may be deluded by a formula,
since this condemnation of poetry for being
THE MODERN-LANGUAGE MEN
ineffectual is merely an application of the
IN COUNCIL.
o criticism of life” formula which gave a doc-
trinaire tinge to so much of Arnold's writing. There was a time when the Modern-Language
We do not for a moment admit that Shelley's
teachers and students of the United States found in
poetry is ineffectual — we have known too many
the meetings of the Philological Society a sufficient
young and generous souls to be moved by it as
opportunity for the presentation of papers and the
discussion of questions in their field. Some fifteen
by a trumpet call — but we understand that its
years ago it seemed advisable to found a separate
energy is so bound up with the loveliness of its
Association; and three years ago a Central Division
art that the critic who is looking chiefly for the of the latter was established in the Middle West.
bearings of poetry upon conduct might easily On both occasions the parent society was somewhat
be led as Arnold was to underestimate the critical of the advisability of the newer organization;
energy in the presence of so dazzling an art. but in each case it was ultimately recognized that
All of which goes simply to show that the critic
real needs had been met. It is very significant that
who is bent upon finding the effectual in poetry
it was the modern languages that first found the
may miss it for the very reason of an unworthy
bounds of the general society too confining, and
distrust in the beautiful. “ Beauty is truth,"
still more so that this society now maintains two
but this does not mean that the truth need stick
successful meetings. Nor must it be supposed that
numbers alone are involved in this matter. When
out at all sorts of angles from the beautiful
it comes to scientific training and natural ability,
structure.
the moderns have every reason to welcome a com-
On the whole, while there are some signs that parison. This is all natural enough, and would
energy gets more attention than art from critics cause no comment were it not for the fact that it is
nowadays, and while popular judgments are but a short time ago that the prophecy of such a
based, as was always the case, upon little save
state of things was generally ridiculed in scholarly
energy in poetry, we are inclined to say that quarters. The times were ripe for the development
the only criticism that counts seriously does
of modern-language study; capable men were at
not notably disregard the claims of art. There
hand; and the public gladly, the schools less readily,
are still men like Mr. Watts-Dunton and Mr.
granted recognition to the new scholarship.
The relations between the national society and
Stedman and M. Brunètiere to expound poetry the Central Division are now very agreeable. The
to an incredulous public, and we do not recall
good sense of the great majority of those in attend-
that earlier periods have been much better ance at the recent Western meeting prevented even
served. And the same incredulous public re the recognition of the grumblings of the one or two
mains, as it always did remain, mostly imper- who still fail to see that the Central Division is not
vious to the doctrine of the critic, and con a separate society, but simply affords the Western
tinues to worship its false gods — occasionally
members of the national association a more con-
blundering into worship of a true one — com-
venient place of gathering. The dates of the ses-
fortably thinks that it is enjoying poetry when
sions were so arranged that it was possible for
members to attend both meetings, and one or two
it is only dazzled by rhetorical fireworks or
The Eastern meeting was held in Phila-
dazed by sledge-hammer blows upon
the brain,
delphia, at the University of Pennsylvania; the
and gets a great deal of Philistine satisfaction
Western meeting convened at Northwestern Univer-
out of life generally, and regards critics as daft sity in Evanston. Of the twenty-four papers read
did so.


38
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
at Philadelphia, nineteen were by men from States preciated, and these conditions cannot be ignored in
bordering on the Atlantic, five by men representing writing drama, and must be borne in mind in criti-
Michigan, Ohio, Tennessee, and California. In cising a drama as a piece of literature. The address
addition to these five papers, all the fifteen papers of the President, on “The Province of English
read at Evanston were by Western men. Ann Philology,” was also of a somewhat general nature
Arbor still forms the boundary between the East in that it made an appeal for the maintenance, or
and the West, being represented at both meetings rather the establishment, of the broader and higher
and in both cases by English papers. The attend signification of the word “philology.” It is to be
ance at the Western meeting was larger than usual, doubted whether this meaning will ever really attach
and more representative of the best the West has. itself to the word, unless the higher conception is
At the Eastern meeting there was a noticeable in actually realized in a large number of our institu-
crease in the number of rising young men.
tions, and in that case it would come about without
The papers read at the two meetings indicate, to personal resolves or the resolutions of learned socie-
some extent, the comparative activity in the differ ties. Another paper that aroused general interest
ent fields of work, though the hand of the Secretary was that of Professor Fulton, of Wells College,
is quite properly exerted to regulate this to some “ On Translating Anglo-Saxon Poetry "; for the
extent and thus make the meetings equally attractive discussion soon passed to the subject of the trans-
to men representing the various languages. There lating of any kind of poetry. Professor Fulton
is usually a dearth of Romance papers ; this year advocated a metre that should conform as nearly
there was a great change in this matter at the as might be to that of the original, and in this was
Eastern meeting, there being nine English, eight supported by Professor Bright and others. Professor
Romance, and five Germanic papers. At Evanston Schelling advocated greater freedom, and Professor
there were six English, six Germanic, and but two Cook even contended for the use of prose in order
Romance papers, though the Secretary made espe to secure a faithful rendering of the thought, though
cial efforts to have the Romance department better at the total sacrifice of the form. In an interesting
represented. An unusual paper at the East was paper entitled “ Verbal Taboos, their Nature and
one on recent work in Celtic (which was, however, Origin,” Professor Scott, of Michigan, explained,
scarcely more than a bibliography); while at the from the point of view of the psychologist, how it
Western meeting there were three papers dealing comes about that some of the natural developments
with Scandinavian subjects : one on the Scandina of language fall under the ban of the makers of
vian element in English, by Professor Egge; one rhetorics and grammars. There can be no doubt
by Professor Dodge, on the gender of English words that, as Professor Scott said, these taboos of various
in the Danish spoken in this country; and one on forms of speech are often based on personal likes
the literary language or languages of Norway, by and dislikes of the authors of such books ; but it
Professor Bothne. These papers, for the most part, must be conceded that these personal likes and dis-
represent the activity of men of Scandinavian de likes are generally due to the belief that certain
scent living in the Northwest, and show how local forms accord with real or assumed laws of language.
meetings tend to bring out the less general phases What is needed is that scholars possessing a higher
of linguistic study.
and truer knowledge of the life and growth of lan-
More than half of the papers at both meetings guage be willing to write elementary books on the
dealt with literary, and most of the remainder with subject. In the meantime, such papers as Professor
philological, subjects. At the Eastern meeting,
At the Eastern meeting, Scott's will do much to bring into ridicule the pro-
Professor Hunt of Princeton read a semi-pedagog- nunciamentos of ignorant pedants who have assumed
ical paper extolling the new requirements in "En- dictatorship in the matter of speech usage.
trance English ”; the paper was censured for its In a paper of unusual breadth of view, Professor
indulgence in generalities. A pedagogical paper, Schelling undertook to reconstruct the history of the
read by Professor Clark at the Evanston meeting, Classical School with Ben Jonson as the corner-
on " Methods of Studying English Masterpieces," stone. He reviewed the well-known character of
was criticised because it advocated the study of Jonson's work and influence, and made clear the
English masterpieces, not as literature, but as illus direct and important relation existing between these
trations of rules in formal rhetoric, and as a means and the essential characteristics of the Classical
of increasing the student's vocabulary, which latter School. At the meeting at Evanston Professor
int the writer seemed to regard as one of the Hempl, in accordance with the principles laid down
chief aims of such study. Of the literary papers in the paper read by him at New Haven two years
presented at Philadelphia, several dealt with prob- ago, made clear the relation existing between the
lems in comparative literature, and one, by Professor “ Palamon and Arcite" and the “Knight's Tale,"
Brander Matthews, with a problem of general liter and showed that about two-thirds of the latter is
ature. The writer called attention to the fact that essentially as it was in the earlier
poem. Professor
we have gone too far in regarding the drama as Jack, of Lake Forest, presented a careful study of
only a phase of literature. The conditions under those passages in “ Piers the Plowman" that have
which the real drama can succeed are quite different been regarded, especially by Mr. Skeat, as reflecting
from those under which most literature is best ap facts in the life of the author, and showed that it


1898.]
39
THE DIAL
is exceedingly unlikely that these passages furnish
COMMUNICATIONS.
any but the most insignificant biographical data.
Professor Goebel, of Stanford, sent to the Western
DIALECT, OR ENGLISH ?
convention a paper on Heine's relation to Wolfgang
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
Menzel, in which, with considerable intensity of
May I ask the opinion of your critical readers on a
feeling, he undertook to show that Heine had plun- question of English ? The growth and popularity of the
dered Menzel and then reviled him. The assertions dialect story has caused words unknown to polite litera-
and arguments of the paper were severely handled ture to appear in conservative periodicals. That seems
by Professor Hatfield, of Northwestern, in a brief to be accepted as necessary. But how far can we per-
but pointed criticism. Professor Hatfield himself mit this to go? Can we afford to admit these tramps
read a paper on the earliest poems of Wilhelm
in the world of words into the society of their betters
Müller, and invited the convention to examine a
on terms of equality ? Can dialect and colloquial terms
take the place of words which are acknowledged as
collection of 2500 volumes of early and rare edi.
standards in literature apart from the dialect story?
tions of modern German writers, which the library
In an article in a recent number of “Scribner's Maga-
of Northwestern has just acquired through the zine " I find the word “tote "in the following sentence:
efforts of Professor Kohn. Professor Voss, of Wis “ The sellers of the unsubstantial cakes called barquillos,
consin, called attention to the need of a more thor • little boats,' tote around their roulette machines which
ough study of the prose writings of Thomas Murner, resemble fire-extinguishers.”
which has hitherto been much retarded by the lack
What is the reader to understand from the sentence ?
of suitable reprints. Of the papers touching on
Is it supposed to be humorous ? or does the author, Mr.
German literature that were read at Philadelphia,
Bishop, so far forget his Connecticut birth and Yale
that of Professor Wood, of Baltimore, on the proto- English word ?
training that he prefers a colloquial term to an orthodox
type of Leonore, attracted especial attention and the Century,” « International,” and “ Standard”
aroused the acute criticism of Professor Thomas of
dictionaries give“ tote” as a word of unknown origin, a
Columbia.
colloquial Southern United States word, in use especi-
The election of officers resulted in the selection of ally among negroes. The “ Century” adds that it is
Professor Fortier, of Tulane University, as presi-
“ in humorous use in the North and West.” In an article
dent of the national society; and of Professor C. A.
on the Southern States, the occurrence of the local word
Smith, also of Louisiana, as president of the Central
might be justified by a desire for what is known as local
Division. The next meeting of the national society
color. But what justification can there be for using it
in a description of a Spanish town?
will be at the University of Virginia; the place of
Pursuing " tote" a little further, we find two instances
meeting of the Central Division has not yet been
of the use of the word cited in the “Century” diction-
ary. One is in “Science,” Vol. XI., p. 242, in a query
concerning human beings as pack-animals : “ The first
pack-animals were men and women . . They toted
ON A RECENT BOOK OF POEMS.
(carried on the head) ..." In this instance, “ tote
has a definite meaning peculiarly its own, which the user
(To E. C. 8.)
feels bound, however, to explain. The other citation is
Once again the olden
the “Century Magazine,” Vol. XI., p. 224, the passage
Joyance blossoms fair;
being from a story by Miss Alice French (Octave
Once again the golden
Thanet); the scene is an Arkansas town, and the man
Accents thrill the air;
in whose conversation the word occurs is an illiterate
Once again we listen
native, using the word in his own way. The two instances
To the mellow strain,
illustrate the legitimate use of the word, and leave Mr.
Gaze where song-waves glisten
Bishop to explain why he finds it needful to use it in writ-
On that music's main.
ing of life in a place so remote from the home of the
colloquialism which it certainly is.
Clear as erst the message,
MARION E. SPARKS.
Voice as nobly true,
Urbana, Ill., Jan. 8, 1898.
Sweet the wondrous presage
Of the dreams we knew,
ANOTHER DISPUTED AMERICANISM.
Dreams that with the magic
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
Of that singing rise,
In a notice of a report made by Hamilton in 1791,
Sweeping every tragic
an English reviewer wrote as follows :
Cloud from off our skies.
“We shall, at all times, with pleasure, receive from our
Realms that light has builded
transatlantic brethren real improvements of our common
mother-tongue : but we shall hardly be induced to admit such
Song has ever known,
phrases as that at page 93 — 'more lengthy,' for longer, or
Seas that joy has gilded
more diffuse. But, perhaps, it is an established American-
Verse has ever shown,
ism." -"British Critic,'' Nov., 1793, Vol. II., p. 286.
And the gentler Muses
Seldom has the danger of prophesying without knowl-
Here again have sent
edge been better illustrated than in this passage ;
for
Wbat no heart refuses
while, doubtless, during the early part of this century
Of hope's blandishment.
British writers looked askance at the word and fre-
Louis J. BLOCK. quently qualified its use by the phrase “as the Americans
determined upon.


40
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
99
22
say,” yet soon the epithet found favor. In 1818 Lord
Harrowby, as we learn from R. Rush,“ spoke of words
that had obtained a sanction in the United States, in
the condemnation of which he did not join; for example,
lengthy, which imported what was tedious as well as
long, an idea that no other English word seemed to
convey as well.” (“Residence at the Court of London,”
1833, p. 267.) In 1839, the late Asa Gray, after lis-
tening to a debate in the House of Lords, wrote that
“ the word • lengthy,' which was not long since called
an Americanism, seems to be pretty well naturalized,
as Brougham used it several times, and Scarlett more
than once.” (“ Letters,” 1893, p. 143.) In 1852 Mr.
S. Bailey said that “in compliment to our brethren
across the Atlantic” he would “mention an adjective
which is worthy, I think, of being accepted at
their hands, I mean lengthy." (« Discourses on Various
Subjects,” p. 76.) And in 1867 a writer in “ Black-
wood's Magazine," unmindful of the rash prophecy of
the earlier reviewer, did not hesitate to assert that
“ • lengthy,' whether of American or English origin,
will probably remain English while the language lasts."
(Vol. CII., p. 411.)
The first dictionary to recognize the word was Web-
ster's Compendious Dictionary of 1806; while the earli-
est English dictionaries to admit the word to their
pages seems to have been those of Knowles (1835),
Smart (1836), and Richardson (1838). In a review
of Webster's Dictionary which appeared in 1809, the
writer thus freed his mind:
“This is the worst of the whole catalogue of Americanisms.
... If of so low a word it were necessary to show the pre-
cise meaning, we might say Mr. Webster has mistaken it, for
the vulgar usually employ it to mean long even to tediousness,
as his discourse was very lengthy.” (“Monthly Anthology
and Boston Review," VII. 264.)
The implication that only "genteel ” words require
accurate definition is sufficiently amusing; but how
astonished would be the British reviewer and the Bos-
ton purist could they know that an epithet " which we
shall hardly be induced to admit" has had in the present
century the sanction of such “vulgar” English men
and women as Dr. Arnold, Byron, Coleridge, W. L.
Courtney, Dr. Dibdin, Dickens, George Eliot, J. Foster,
E. A. Freeman, W. C. Hazlitt, Bishop Jebb, Professor
Latham, R. LeGallienne, C. Lever, E. O'Donovan,
Professor Powell, T. W. Reid, G. Saintsbury, Scott,
Southey, J. A. Symonds, Miss M. Symonds, R. C.
Trench, and Miss Yonge.
So far, then, as the reputableness of the word is con-
cerned, the controversy may be said long ago to have
ended; but it is otherwise with regard to the question
of its origin. For more than a century the belief has
been held, on both sides of the Atlantic, by those who
are competent to express an opinion as well as by casual
users of the word, that it was first employed in this
country. If, however, we turn to the Century Dictionary,
we there read under lengthy: “Said by Richardson to
have originated in the United States . . . but the earli-
est quotations are from British authors.” A single be-
lated example from Southey is all that is given in sup-
port of this statement. The only instance known to the
present writer of the use of the word by a British author
before this century, occurs in a letter written by Thomas
Paine in 1796. (“Writings,” 1895, III. 251.) That,
however, as the English reviewer surmised, the term
was well established in this country in the eighteenth
century is shown by the following citations; and the
burden of proof lies on those who maintain that the
word was not first used on this side of the water.
“But I grow too minute and lengthy." — 1759, J. Adams,
Diary,” “Works" (1850), II. 59.
“A committee was appointed to draw up reasons against
issuing said charter, to be laid before his Excellency; which
has been done ; those reasons, which are pretty lengthy, hav-
ing been drawn up by your humble servant, instead of some
more capable person." — 1762, J. Mayhew, in B. Peirce's
“History of Harvard University” (1833), 278.
“I ought to tell you that the Debate upon the American
Stamp-Bill came on before the House (of Commons) for the
first time, last Wednesday, when the same was opened by
Mr. Grenville, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, in a pretty
lengthy speech.”—1765, J. Ingersoll, “Letters relating to the
Stamp-Act" (1766), 14.
"Dangerous consequences, they apprehend, would attend
being nearer to them [Indians), arising from their being bur-
densome and expensive to ye School by their frequent and
lengthy visits.”—1768, N. Cleaveland, in F. Chase's “History
Dartmouth College" (1891), I. 107.
“We have received sundry Pieces, some of which came so
late, and others so lengthy, that we are obliged to postpone
them.”—1769, March 6, “Boston Gazette."
“The great defect here (England) is, in all sorts of people,
a want of attention to what passes in such remote countries as
America ; an unwillingness to read anything about them if it
appears a little lengthy." -- 1773, B. Franklin, “Works "
(1887), V. 190.
“You make no mention of the whole sheets I have wrote to
you, by which I judge you either never received them, or that
they were so lengthy as to be troublesome." -1776, Abigail
Adams, in “Familiar Letters of J. Adams and his Wife"
(1876), 161.
“Journals of observations on the quantities of rain, and de-
gree of heat, being lengthy, and confused, and too minute to
produce general and distinct ideas, I have taken five years'
observations."—1782, T. Jefferson, "Writings" (1894), III,
177.
“This is my fourth letter to you since I arrived in this
State ; and some of them are so lengthy that I presume you
must return before you can find leisure to read, much more to
answer them.”- 1785, E. Gerry, in R. King's “Life and Cor-
respondence" (1894), I. 74.
"Many of the buildings are brick and stone; but the atten-
tion of travelers is principally engaged by a very lengthy brick
building, just above the town, two stories high, and in a most
delightful situation.”—1787, M. Cutler, in “Life, Journals,
and Correspondence" (1888), I. 244.
In a work already quoted, Mr. S. Bailey declared
that the word “is a modern instance of what forms a
fascinating feature in the study of Etymology, namely,
the power of words to indicate the habits and customs
of those who used them," and asserted that it could
have sprung up nowhere but in a country addicted to
protracted oratory." ("Discourses," p. 76.) On this
passage Dr. Fitzedward Hall remarks that “as the
word originated, so far as is known, in the days of
Washington, who uses it, one may still justly object to
Mr. Bailey's associating it with American grandilo-
quence, a feature of the present century; " and asks
whether “ it can be proved that the epithet was ever
applied more freely to spoken discourse than to written?"
(“Modern English,” 1873, p. 56.) The answer to this
question furnished by the eighty or more examples be-
fore me is that the adjective is used over twenty times
in qualification of various nouns, and that it is applied
over fifty times to written discourse but only five times
to spoken discourse. Mr. Bailey, then, however sound
his main contention may be, was certainly unfortunate
in his choice of an illustration.
ALBERT MATTHEWS.
Boston, January 10, 1898.
..


1898.]
41
THE DIAL
one of
case.
by advocates of naval expansion
The New Books.
whom he is, though in a comparatively moderate
way. The gist of Mr. Spears's contention
THE NAVY AND THE NAVAL POLICY seems to be that the important thing for us is
OF THE UNITED STATES.*
not so much the immediate possession of a
Mr.John R. Spears's “History of Our Navy" | great array of battleships and big guns as the
is a popularly written work devoted mainly to
maintenance at all times of an ability to con-
descriptions of naval actions and warlike opera-
struct them when needed. The conditions
tions afloat generally, participated in by our
which force European nations into the costly
ships and sailors, from the “Gaspé" affair in race for naval supremacy do not obtain in our
1772 down to recent times. Dwelling thus
We have no chronic quarrels on hand,
chiefly on the more romantic and picturesque
no “imperial policy” of foreign aggression and
side of his theme, the author has treated briefly annexation, no outlying and vulnerable posses-
and incidentally the drier and more technical
sions to defend.* We need not aspire to rate
topics of naval administration and development. first, or even third, among naval powers in
What he says in the latter regard, however, is point of numbers. But in point of ability to
instructive and to the point, and seems to de-
construct we should aim at all times to be
abreast of the first. We must not allow our
note a closer knowledge on his part of marine abreast of the first.
matters than is to be gained from histories and plants to decay, our tools to rust, our artisans
manuals alone. We are not prepared to assert
and inventors to stagnate. We must “ keep
that Mr. Spears has actually been in the ser-
our hand in "'; and to this end a relatively
vice, but his book has, to our thinking, an un-
moderate degree of continuous activity in ship-
mistakable professional ring. Sea terms and building and gun-making, positive and experi-
scraps of nautical vernacular drop from his pen mental, will suffice.
mental, will suffice. Mr. Spears thinks we
as easily and aptly as from Mr. Clark Russell's, ought to lay down at least one new ship of the
and he describes a sea fight with a zest and
first class yearly. This course would serve not
verve and a grasp of marine technicalities hardly only to maintain and foster the ability in ques-
to be looked for in the work of a landsman. tion, but also to keep afloat under our flag such
His account of the famous actions of the War a navy as sense and experience point to as the
of 1812 is notably good — though here the ideal one for us — that is to say, a navy rela-
English reader, used to the consolatory versions tively modest in numbers, but unsurpassed in
of his own historians, may perhaps detect a note efficiency.
efficiency. As for our former cheese-paring
of undue exultation in Mr. Spears's effusively policy of " letting other nations do the experi-
patriotic pages.
menting for us, events have shown us the
In his opening volume Mr. Spears touches futility of that. We "saved the dollars,” it
briefly on the origin of the American Navy, is true; and we had the fleeting satisfaction
and then passes on to the narration of the naval
of chuckling over what we thought our “ cute-
actions of the Revolutionary War and the first
ness" in getting our experience gratis. But
war with the Barbary pirates. The story of the they laugh best who laugh last. We speedily
War of 1812 occupies the whole of Volume II. found, when we concluded some ten or twelve
and about half of Volume III.; and the latter years ago to put our cheaply gained “ experi-
volume contains also accounts of the second
to the test, that it was practically next
war with the Algerines, of the naval operations
to no experience at all; that what we had saved
of the Mexican War, and of Perry's Japan in dollars we had lost in capacity; that we
Expedition. There are special chapters on the
could no more, of our own knowledge and re-
British press-gang system, British prisons, sources, build a first-class battleship than China
paval duels, the West India pirates, etc.
could ; and that if we needed one on compara-
The fourth and concluding volume is devoted tively short notice we should be reduced to
to the Civil War, and closes with a suggestive buying it of the nations that had been “doing
chapter on our new navy and the naval policy our experimenting for us.' That was humiliat-
which in the author's opinion this country ought ing. More than that, it was alarming, since it
to pursue. Mr. Spears's views in this regard disclosed our defenceless condition, and nobody
seem sounder than those generally advanced
in his senses contends that we are so absolutely
exempt from the danger of foreign war as to
* THE HISTORY OF OUR NAVY, from its Origin to the Present
Day, 1775–1897. By John R. Spears. In four volumes. Illus The acquisition by this country of Cuba or Hawaii would
trated. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
of course necessitate some revisal of our author's conclusions.
ence


42
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
need no degree of “preparedness” for it what twelve years ago we should have a war on our
ever. Not even Jefferson went so far as that; hands within six months. As it is, our diplo-
for he advocated, as we know, a defensive navy matic efforts to abate the Cuban nuisance are
to consist of a sort of amphibious gun-boat that already bearing good fruit, and will doubtless be
could be stored on land in times of peace, and crowned with ultimate success. Complications
rolled down on the beach for launching in case such as this with Spain may arise at any time,
of invaşion. So, when we discovered the folly and from unforeseen quarters. The policy to
of expecting to absorb, without cost or effort, which we stand committed, of opposing vi et
the hard-won skill and capacity of other nations, armis on this continent such political enter-
we set about mending matters with an energy prises on the part of European nations as that
and judgment of which we are now beginning of Louis Napoleon in Mexico, or as are now
to reap the reward.
Fortunately, we slipped (thanks to the prevalent craze for “ Imperial-
through the ticklish period of our apprentice- ism” and schemes of " colonial expansion " of
ship in modern naval construction without seri the Jamesonian order) on foot in China, and
ous foreign entanglements ; else we must have indeed almost everywhere else where the local
had to pay for our former penny-wise methods in power is notoriously weak and unsupported, is
the solid coin of national shame and disaster. in itself, one would think, enough to warrant
For years, with an elastic and vaguely conceived us in keeping afloat such a navy as Mr. Spears
Monroe Doctrine, a minatory press, and a blus holds to be commensurate with our needs and
tering coterie of Congressional Bobadils on our our political pretensions.
hands, the condition of our navy was such that The building of our new navy virtually began
had we gone to war with even a minor power with the formation by Secretary William H.
like Chili – which at one time showed some Hunt of a board, headed by Rear-Admiral John
thing like a desire to "get at us” — we should Rogers, “to determine the requirements of a
probably have met at the outset a series of new navy." The board found that the United
mortifying defeats.
Time, enabling us to States ought to have twenty-one battleships of
bring our vast general resources to bear, must the first class, seventy unarmored cruisers,
have reversed matters ; but in the meantime twenty torpedo boats, five torpedo gunboats,
we should have drunk of the cup of national and five rams. The estimate was not extrava-
humiliation — deep enough, perhaps, to satisfy gant, and it was largely approved by the nation.
even our British post-prandial friends and well. Then we started, or tried to start, to build our
wishers, and enable them to return in kind our ships. We had a beautiful theoretical knowl-
compliments on their exploits against petty foes edge of how everything was to be done, and the
at Majuba Hill and elsewhere.
time had come to show a rather skeptical world
Turning to current events, can anyone doubt how extremely sharp we had been in getting
that the greatly improved condition of our navy all this knowledge without expending a dollar
to-day is a factor making mainly for peace in or handling a tool. But somehow or other,
our present entanglement in Spanish-Cuban when we turned to our ship-yards and foundries
quarrels, or that if our navy were twice or thrice things did not work as smoothly as our politi-
as strong as it is our position at Madrid would cians and naval doctrinaires had led us to ex-
be twice or thrice as strong also ? It needs but pect. There was an ominous hitch at the start.
a slight acquaintance with Spanish opinion as We found that we could not build even one of
mirrored in the usual organs of expression to the armored ships. We could not roll even the
see that the first consideration that presents thinnest of armor-plates, nor make a gun that
itself to the Spanish mind when weighing the would pierce even the cheap plating of the
alternative of “Peace or War?” with this ramshackle old monitors we had lying up in
country is not a moral or even an economical ordinary. In short, we had to begin our edu-
one, but the purely practical one as to the cation in modern naval construction almost de
chance of success the Spanish navy would have novo ; and so, instead of building battleships
in a conflict with ours. The Spaniard is con off-hand as we had expected to do, we started
vinced that we are totally and flagrantly wrong in tentatively on third-rate cruisers. Of course
on this Cuban question ; he is convinced of his we had to buy our first armor-plates abroad,
patriotic duty to resent what he deems our and we even went abroad for the plans of one
insolent intermeddling in his private affairs ; of our cruisers
of our cruisers - the Charleston.” Had war
and it is by no means unreasonable to assert been impending we should have had to buy our
that were our navy to-day what it was ten or ships outright and fully equipped wherever


1898.]
43
THE DIAL
they could be found. But, as Mr. Spears ob were also developing gunmakers. As we have
serves, we were building a navy in time of said, we could not ten years ago make a gun
peace; and a ship that “could not get out of that would pierce the armor of one of the old
her own way,” if built by our own mechanics " Monitors.” The “ Monitor " turret was com-
and designers, was then more to our purpose posed of eight layers of one-inch iron plates,
than the best one afloat would have been if laid so as to break joints, and our best gun of
purchased abroad. The important thing for that day, — a seven-inch Brooke, firing a solid
us at the start was not so much the product as shot weighing 150 pounds, was unable to do
the training,— the building of men rather than any material damage to it. Nowadays we make
the building of ships. The product, however, guns throwing projectiles that would pierce the
of our earliest efforts was very creditable to us. turret of a “ Monitor as a rifle-bullet would
Our first cruisers were the “ Chicago,” the pierce a band box. The fact that our mod-
“Atlanta," and the “Boston "; and these ships, ern cannon throw projectiles weighing 1,100
while by no means “the best of their class pounds, which strike with a force sufficient to
afloat,” as our enthusiastic reporters and poli- lift a thousand tons twenty-five feet, tells the
ticians of course declared them to be, were story of the development of the gun. The
remarkably good ships, considering the circum modern eight-inch rifle throws a steel bolt
stances under which they were built. Says weighing 250 pounds, at a muzzle velocity of
Mr. Spears :
2,500 feet per second, with a striking power of
“ As the product of apprentices in the art of building 10,830 foot-tons. The fact that the old eight-
modern warships, they are marvels of excellence. But inch iron shot could not penetrate four inches
since they were designed we have learned something." of iron plates, while the modern steel bolt pene-
Since they were designed we have indeed learned trates twenty-six inches of wrought iron, is sug.
a great deal. We have, for instance, learned gestive. The best thirteen-inch modern rifles
to design and build a ship like the “New York,” have a striking power of about 35,000 foot-tons,
of which Mr. Spears says:
and penetrate thirty-four inches of wrought
“She cost • a whole lot of money,' it is true, but as
iron.
we recall the thrill that stirred the nation when the Thus, after an apprenticeship of ten years
story of her trial trip was told — when it was told that
the gunmakers and shipbuilders of the United
we had built the swiftest and most powerful cruiser in
the world, we are bound to say that twice the sum in-
States have done enough, as Mr. Spears thinks,
vested in any other way by the government could not
to entirely satisfy their countrymen. We can
have given the nation so great a benefit. It was not now build and equip our own ships. Among
that anyone was incited to a point where he wished the the navies of the world ours ranks, at best,
nation to go to war. . . . With the New York'afloat, fifth,
the American patriot was so far assured that his country
hardly as high as it should rank even
would not be bullied, and so we should have peace.”
now, perhaps, and certainly far lower than it
Swift cruisers like the twenty-two knot “ Co-
should rank were the government to embark on
lumbia" and the still swifter “ Minneapolis,
that “ forward policy" of which the annexation
of Hawaii would be the first step. Whether
and a shoal of little cruisers and gunboats for
shallow waters, followed the New York." In
or no that step will be taken is doubtful; and
there now seems to be a growing tendency to
ships, beginning with the “ Maine” and ending adopt Speaker Reed's sober dictum, “ Empire
can wait,” as a watchword. We all know the
with the Iowa," the “Indiana," the “ Kear-
sarge,” and the “ Illinois.” Mr. Wilson, the currently repeated ; and it is not unlikely that
magic influence on opinion of catching phrases
English author of “Ironclads in Action,” draws
an instructive comparison between our “ Iowa”
this one of Speaker Reed's will go far to turn
the scale in settling the impending Hawaiian
and the British “ Majestic,” and concedes that
the American ship, though considerably smaller question. Mr. Spears's “History of Our Navy"
than the British one, is fully a match for her.
is, all things considered, the best that has yet
been produced, and it is profusely and appro-
Says our author:
priately illustrated.
E. G. J.
“Let no mistake be made about this. It is a matter
of the greatest moment when our ship of 11,500 tons is
conceded to be a match for one of 15,000 tons in the
The centenary of Leopardi's birth will be celebrated
best navy in the world -- not because we have the ship,
in Italy next June, Senator Mariotti having charge of
but because we have developed the men who can do
the festivities. It is hoped to publish at that time the
that kind of work and the tools for their use."
unedited manuscripts of the poet, which include letters,
a tragedy in verse entitled “Marie Antoinette," and
While we were developing shipbuilders we philosophical disquisitions.


44
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
" A son
occasion of his coming to America, and the
CHURCH HISTORIAN, THEOLOGIAN, AND
views held by German Christians as to the con-
TEACHER.*
ditions and needs of this country. His coming
“I am a Swiss by birth, a German by edu-
was largely in the missionary spirit. His first
cation, an American by choice.” Such was Dr.
twenty years of service were given in the semi-
Philip Schaff's description of himself nationally. nary of the German Reformed church at Mer-
Had he said, “ I am a Christian,” he would have cersburg, Pennsylvania. His inaugural address,
expressed his real relationship theologically at the age of twenty-five, on “ The Principle of
True, he was connected with a denomination ; Protestantism,” opened a new line of thought,
but he was claimed by the whole Christian and has been regarded as the most influential
church. As his life was given in service for work of the denomination in this country. It
the whole church, so an account of that life is led to a trial of its author upon charges of
of interest in every branch of the church.
heresy, and, because of his acquittal, the with-
His son, as his biographer, realizes the deli-
drawal of leading men from denominational
cacy and difficulties of his position.
affiliation. But the Mercersburg theology, so-
is prompted by natural disposition to mistake called, as developed out of this discussion, has
matters of a purely private interest for matters exerted a helpful influence upon the statements
of public concern, and to dwell upon what is of all the Reformed communions.
usual and common as though it were exceptional The last twenty-three years of Dr. Schaff's
and distinctive." But he has selected his mate-
life were devoted to teaching in Union Theo-
rials most wisely, and has proved his fitness for logical Seminary. To this work he brought
his task by showing a fair discernment of his the abilities gained by long years of close
father's abilities, and by a marked modesty in study, by twenty years of teaching experience,
reference to matters in which he personally was and by thirty years of personal contact with
a participant. He tells us of his father's life, the leading educators of the world. His long
not of his own.
service in Union Seminary was particularly
In reading of Dr. Schaff's early days, we gain fruitful. His instruction was helpful and au-
an insight into Continental methods of instruc thoritative. His influence upon students was
tion in both preparatory and university work. encouraging and uplifting. His service to the
And as Dr. Schaff's long life was spent in the church was wide-reaching. His opportunities
class-room, this view is extended even into our for research and authorship were unlimited.
own times, and in this country as well as in A look at Dr. Schaff's relations to his stu-
Europe. More than this, the biographer, having dents may be pleasant. Many will remember,
access to memoranda preserved by Dr. Schaff, as does this writer, his custom of inviting us
shows us much of his father's association with to walk with him, one on either side, for half
the leading theological and philosophical teach an hour, seeking to become better acquainted
ers of the last sixty years. And, still further, with us, and to give such direction and encour-
we gain Dr. Schaff's own intelligent estimate agement in our student work as was possible.
of these leaders of thought. Extracts from his These half-hours out of his busy life were
journal are more valuable than encyclopædic among his best gifts, and awaken renewed
articles, as being less formal, and as being the gratitude when recalled to memory. His stu-
written appreciation of one who knew them dents also found employment in his study, at
intimately.
remunerative prices, in clerical work in con-
Dr. Schaff impressed all his acquaintances nection with his publications.
as an intensely spiritual man. With him knowl. The study of Dr. Schaff's life really shows
edge never took the place of piety. His was a us the history of the great religious movements
simple yet perfect trust on Jesus Christ. Much during the last half-century. During these
of his conversation had this as its topic. The years Protestant Christianity has become more
first chapter of this biography tells of his con compact. Its members have come closer to-
version, and the influence in his early life of gether. A heartier fellowship exists. Prob-
pastor and teachers. It was his most precious ably no other agency has been so helpful in
attainment.
this respect as the Evangelical Alliance; and
Much interest naturally centres about the at times it seemed hardly too much to say that
Philip Schaff was the Evangelical Alliance.
* THE LIFE OF PHILIP SCHAFF, in part Autobiographical.
By David S. Schaff, D.D.
Here he could work as could no other, because
With portraits. New York:
Charles Scribner's Sons.
of his extraordinary acquaintance in all parts
hel


1898.]
45
THE DIAL
the man.
of the Christian world, and the eminent re of Christ” will live, and long be recognized as
spect and affection felt for him by leaders in leading works in their spheres.
all denominations. And the reason was evi Thus we have tried to give an idea of the
dent. He did not seek or expect an organic picture of this great life as portrayed in the
union of churches. “He urged confederate stately volume before us.
It is only a sugges-
union between allied Protestant communions." tion. The reader will not want to leave the
In the service of the Alliance, and looking book. It is well written. It presents a faithful
toward such a union of sentiment and effort, picture. It is not overdrawn. It shows us
he gladly gave his time, and made it the sub-
ject of constant thought and prayer.
He
HARRY W. REED.
believed that American theology should be
Christocentric.
The Bible Revision idea early secured his
attention. He saw the need, and he labored
MR. GRANT ALLEN AS AN ANTHRO-
POLOGIST.*
unceasingly and persistently for its accomplish-
ment. To him was entrusted the responsibility Everyone knows Mr. Grant Allen's style :
of organizing the American companies of Re it is always bright and attractive. Its charm
visers. Through him the communications be- is not absent in his first extensive work in
tween the English and American companies anthropology, " The Evolution of the Idea of
were continually held. And when, because of
And when, because of God.” In this work he aims to get at the way
the terms imposed by the University Presses, in which our modern idea of God has originated
to whom the English Revisers transferred the and developed. He recognizes two conflict-
copyright, the original relations to the Ameri- ing schools of thought upon the matter, that of
can Revisers could not be maintained, and it
the humanists and that of animists, and says,
seemed impossible to hold the American com-
6. This work is to some extent an attempt to
panies together, it was again Dr. Schaff who, reconcile them.” Having made this statement,
by his intermediary relations, restored the har he proceeds to draw up what is perhaps the
mony, and enabled the project to succeed. most complete and forceful statement of the
Perhaps the one feature in his theological ghost-theory pure and simple that has been
life most pleasant to him was his relation to presented.
The book shows an enormous
German and American theologians. He called amount of thought and ingenuity. While he
himself “a mediator between German and does not appear to us to demonstrate the fal-
Anglo-American Theology and Christianity.” lacy of animism, he certainly presents many
Dr. Mann called him “ the presiding genius of points favoring the ghost-theory, which must be
international theology." His breadth of view considered.
and catholicity of temperament led him to enter Having thus indicated the author's position,
with enthusiasm into the project for a Parlia we may briefly trace his outline of treatment.
ment of Religions, at Chicago, in 1893, and to The origin of gods is in every case traced back
take an active part in this world-famous gath- to the dead man. 6 We see at once that no
ering. He did not regard this Congress, as gods exist for them [i. e., simple savages] save
some seem to have done, as an exaltation of the ancestral corpses or ghosts.” The subject
non - Christian religions, nor did he consider of the worship of stones and stakes is then
himself as sacrificing any Christian convictions taken up. The claim is made that the sacred
by sharing in its discussions. He looked upon stone is in its origin the gravestone: at first
it as a step toward the reunion of Christen- merely a bowlder rolled upon the grave to keep
dom, - the thought to which he had given his the dead man down; later, a true gravestone,
whole life, and which formed the subject of coming in time to be the representative of the
his address read at the Parliament. Dr. Henry man ; lastly, his carved representation. In
H. Jessup characterized this paper as “apos- similar wise it is claimed that the sacred stake
tolic, one of the most Christ-like utterances in was at first driven through the body to hold
all church history.
the dead man. It followed much the same line
Dr. Schaff is known most widely by his of development as the stone, and came in time
writings. Men marvel at reading the list of to really represent the dead man in his divine
original and edited works, both in English and form. Having traced the beginning of idols
in German. His “ History of Christianity,”
* THE EVOLUTION OF THE IDEA OF GOD. By Grant Allen.
his “ History of the Creeds,” and his " Person New York: Henry Holt & Co.


46
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
"
- stocks and stones — to the worship of the
PHILOSOPHY OR RELIGION ?*
dead, the author makes a special application of
his theory to the Jews, and claims that Jahweh The interesting initial volume of the projected pub-
lications of the Philosophical Union of the Univer-
was a sacred gravestone, which was carried in
the ark of the covenant and represented a long-
sity of California bears the title " The Conception of
God.” It is the product of a debate in the Univer-
deceased ancestor. In the light of his investi-
sity between Professors Royce, LeConte, Howison,
gations to this point, the gods of Egypt and and Meres. Professor Royce led off in the discus-
Israel are studied, and the rise of monotheism
sion, and his presentation was made the pivotal
out of polytheism traced. At this place we find point of what followed.
The later and larger por-
the author saying:
tion of the volume is made up of a more complete
“We have shown how polytheism came to be, and statement and more careful defense of his positions.
how from it a certain particular group of men - the His view is that of Monism, rendered in the form
early Israelites — rose by slow degrees through natural of Idealism; and the doubt it occasioned was
stages to the monotheistic conception. How did
whether any adequate room could be found in it
this purely local and national Hebrew deity advance for the transcendental personal character of God.
to the conquest of the civilized world ? ... Why do
The defense and the attack necessarily led to the
most of the modern nations which have nominally question of freedom, the distinguishing point in
adopted monotheism yet conceive of their god as com-
pounded in some mystically incomprehensible fashion
personality, and the dividing point in forms of law.
of three persons — the Father, the Son, and the Holy
It is this question especially which Professor Royce
Ghost ?
treats in his final statement.
One observes with interest the assertion of each
In elucidation of these questions, the matters
of incarnation and the intentional manufacture debate but little occasion to modify his own opinions.
of the contestants, that he finds as the fruit of the
of gods are discussed. Of such manufactured
The grasshopper plunges through the ingenious web
gods, the gods of cultivation, and especially the
of the spider. It is of no moment; there is thread
gods of corn and wine, are studied. Here the enough in the spinneret to repair the damage. The
vast mass of materials gathered by Mannhandt same instinct that wove the first tissue will readily
and Tragen are drawn upon, though Mr. Grant restore it.
Allen's point of view and mode of treatment Is it simply the cohesion of a philosophical con-
are radically different from theirs. Resurrec ception we seek after, or is it a faithful rendering
tion, sacrifice, the sacrament, atonement, are
of all Christian experiences ? Does philosophy
investigated in connection with such gods. facts; or does a theory predetermine the contents
follow after faith with a theory conformable to
Two principles are then enunciated — "first,
of faith, giving faith less or more room as the ruling
that a dying god, human or animal, is usually
idea expands or contracts upon it under the hand-
selected as a convenient vehicle for the sins of
ling of the mind? There can hardly be a doubt as
the people; and second, that without shedding to which is the proper relation. Religious belief,
of blood there is no remission of sins." The
religious activity, and religious sentiment constitute
reader can easily see that Mr. Allen is leading the controlling evolutionary facts which make up
up to his climax. Christ is the god of a Syrian the spiritual world. It is the business of philosophy
population ; a corn-and-wine god, whose death
simply to take these facts at their true value, which
frees the world from sin and whose resurrection
is their empirical value, and give them adequate
support and inner coherence. The subtlety of the
proves that man shall rise again. The sacra-
ideas developed in this process, and their logical
ment of his flesh and blood, bread and wine, is
coherence, are of little moment compared with their
paralleled by many similar sacraments to such
conformity to the religious history of the world in its
gods elsewhere.
depth, power, and diversity. The effort of Professor
We have thus fully presented Mr. Allen's Royce seems to be to broaden an idea, the inade-
treatment, because fairness appeared to demand quacy of which the mind instinctively feels, so that
it. It is at once thoughtful and ingenious; it
it
may, with some color of truth, embrace the facts
is presented as inoffensively as possible. It * THE CONCEPTION OF GOD. By Josiah Royce, Professor of
deserves careful study, not only from the an-
the History of Philosophy in Harvard University; Joseph Le
thropologist of whatever school, but also from
Conte and G. H. Howison, Professors in the University of
California ; and Sidney Edward Meres, Professor of Philoso-
the religionist who pays no attention to anthro phy in the University of Texas. New York: The Macmillan
pology proper.
While the animist will not be
Company.
convinced by the argument, he will certainly
THE PROVIDENTIAL ORDER OF THE WORLD. By Alex-
ander Balmain Bruce, D.D., Professor in the Free Church
be given abundant matter for thought, pre College, Glasgow. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
sented strikingly and fearlessly.
CHRISTIAN ASPECTS OF LIFE. By Brooke Foss Westcott,
D.D.; D.C.L.; Bishop of Durham. New York: The Mac-
FREDERICK STARR. millan Company.


1898.]
47
THE DIAL
of a spiritual world, in itself so ample, unimpeach communion. They have been men who have deeply
able, and grandly significant. These experiences felt the force of religious ideas as applied in a sober
are crowded together and belittled, simply that a and extended form to the affairs of life. They have
ruling conception may have some show of covering had a faith conformable to and strengthened by a
them. We much prefer the idealistic to the em varied, positive, and fruitful experience. Little as
pirical rendering of the world; but we can accept we may be inclined to accept the details of doctrine
neither, because neither is adequate to its work. or ritual associated with this Church, we can hardly
One can hardly touch the discussion involved in this fail to see that there is a solid and undeniable ele-
book without being at once immersed in it. Pro ment of fact and truth in this continuous develop-
fessor Royce shows much ingenuity of thought, and ment of human life under religious belief.
clearness and grace of expression. The fatal defect
JOHN BASCOM.
in his theory is that it is a web floating in the air.
To pursue it with the eye is to fall over the things
nearest to us and be bruised upon them. It is fitted
to give correction to the inadequate statements of
RECENT AMERICAN POETRY.*
realism, not to displace them. It is only an invigo-
rating intellectual gymnastic to encounter idealism.
It is many years since it was last possible to in-
The doctrine is far too-removed from the general of recent poetry. The student of literature does
clude a new volume by Mr. Stedman in any review
mind the facts which that mind stands for
not altogether bemoan the lapsed period, for it at
to make any extended conquests.
The criticism of Professor Royce on the thing-in-tinction by producing, in his three volumes of prose,
least enabled the poet to win another sort of dis-
itself as an unknowable term, brought in to no pur-
the most substantial and serious body of literary
pose to expound phenomena, seems to us just. We
criticism that has yet been written by any American.
do not think it holds, however, as against force and
Meanwhile, although Lowell and Whittier and
phenomena, regarded as one inseparable fact.
Holmes went to join the majority of poets dead and
“ The Providential Order of the World” is the
gone, we knew that one of their noblest fellow-
title of a volume containing a series of lectures
singers was still with us, and were not infrequently
given in the University of Glasgow, on the Gifford
reminded of the fact by an occasional contribution
foundation. Lord Gifford, in endowing these lec-
to some periodical publication. These scattered
tures, assigned as the theme, A Knowledge of God, * POEMs Now FIRST COLLECTED. By Edmund Clarence
and directed that the lectures should be addressed Stedman. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
to the general student and that they should keep SONGS OF LIBERTY, and Other Poems. By Robert Under-
wood Johnson. New York: The Century Co.
pace with current thought. The well-trodden con-
MEMORIAL DAY, and Other Poems. By Richard Burton.
ventional paths of apologetics were thus closed to
Boston: Copeland & Day.
them. The subject chosen by Professor Bruce, and THE CHILDREN OF THE NIGHT. A Book of Poems. By
the discussion under it, were in harmony with this Edwin Arlington Robinson. Boston: Richard G. Badger
purpose. The salient points are man's place in the & Co.
universe, the worth of man, the discipline of the
THE DAUGHTER OF YPOCAS, and Other Verse. By Henry
R. Remsen. Hartford : Clark & Smith.
world as developing character. No themes could be
SHADOWS. By M. A. De Wolfe Howe. Boston : Copeland
more vital and comprehensive. The author treats & Day.
them with liberal resources of knowledge, and with APHROESSA, A Legend of Argolis, and Other Poems. By
a broad and generous spirit. We cannot, however, George Horton. London: T. Fisher Unwin.
think his thoughts quite as incisive, nor his conclu OUT OF THE SILENCE. By John Vance Cheney. Boston:
sions quite as masterful, as the topic demands.
Copeland & Day.
While he does not fall below the occasion, he does
THE CHOIR VISIBLE. By Mary M. Adams. Chicago :
Way & Williams.
not signally rise to it.
VICTORY, and Other Verses. By Hannah Parker Kimball.
Boston: Copeland & Day.
“Christian Aspects of Life" is a volume made up ONE WAY TO THE WOODs. By Evaleen Stein. Boston:
of occasional addresses by the Bishop of Durham, Copeland & Day.
delivered in the ordinary routine of his work. They
Songs YSAME. By Annie Fellows Johnston and Albion
are united by a loose cohesion of topics, under a
Fellows Bacon. Boston: L. C. Page & Co.
variety of headings, such as "The National Church,"
LOVE's Way, and Other Poems. By Martin Swift. Chi-
cago: A. C. McClurg & Co.
“Foreign Missions,” “Education,” “Social Service."
FROM CLIFF AND SCAUR. A Collection of Verse. By
They are hardly vivacious or fresh, but they are Benjamin Sledd. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
eminently sober and substantial. We are left in no THE DEATH OF FALSTAFF, and Other Poems. By L. Bruce
doubt as to whether they are philosophical or relig Moore. Baltimore : Cushing & Co.
ious. They are profoundly religious; yet taken out
SONGS OF FLYING HOURs. By Dr. Edward Willard Watson.
Philadelphia : Henry T. Coates & Co.
of the region of cant by an erudite and reflective
THE DREAMERS, and Other Poems. By Edward S. Van
temper. Bishop Westcott is one more in the long Zile. New York: F. Tennyson Neely.
list of experienced, devout, and cultivated divines
THE HOUSE OF THE HEART. By Irving Browne. Buffalo:
whom the Church of England has nourished in its The Peter Paul Book Co.


48
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
be
contributions, and many others heretofore unpub- School of Philosophy. The poem ends with these
lished, have at last been brought together in a fine stanzas :
volume of “ Poems Now First Collected,” and our
"So come
when long grass waves
literature is made the richer by a book which not
Above the holiest graves
Of them whose ripe adventure chides our own -
only exhibits no decline from the standard of the
Come where the great elms lean
familiar “ Household Edition" of Mr. Stedman's
Their quivering leaves and green
verse, but in some respects marks an advance in To shade the moss-clung roofs now sacred grown,
power of expression, a severer artistic restraint, a
And where the bronze and granite tell
richer music, and a riper passion. Some of these
How Liberty was hailed with life's farewell.
pieces, indeed, are already familiar enough. “The
“Here let your Academe
Hand of Lincoln ” long ago took its place among
Be no ignoble dream,
But consecrate with life and death and song,
the best poems inspired by the great leader whose
Through the land's spaces spread
life and tragic fate also inspired the “Commemo-
The trust inherited,
ration Ode” of Lowell and the immortal threnody
The hope which from your hands shall take no wrong,
of Whitman. The “Provençal Lovers," too, has
And build an altar that may last
Till heads now young be laurelled with the Past."
long been a favorite illustration of the vein of
mingled sentiment and fancy that has been so char-
As a writer of poems dedicated to persons or in-
acteristic a feature of Mr. Stedman's work.
Of spired by occasions, Mr. Stedman at his best is not
such poems as these little remains to be said, and surpassed by any of his fellow-singers. The "com-
we note, rather, some of the less familiar pieces in
memorations” section of his new volume gives us,
the collection now published. Among these a high
in such poems as that last mentioned, a music and
place must be given to the Christmas ballad or carol
an ethical passion combined beyond which even
of “The Star-Bearer," which has an imaginative
Lowell did not go, in the “Ubi Sunt Qui ante Nos”
- with such touches as
reach and splendor of diction to which the poet has
not often attained. The first two stanzas may
“There the blithe divines, that fear no more the midnight
chimes, sit each
quoted.
With his halo tilted a trifle, and his harp at easy reach ”.
"There were seven angels erst that spanned
Heaven's roadway out through space,
a lambent humor that Holmes never bettered; and
Lighting with stars, by God's command,
in the exquisite sonnet “Ad Vigilem," addressed to
The fringe of that high place
the poet who had inspired the blank verse of “Ad
Whence plumed beings in their joy,
Vatem
a score of
before
years
The servitors His thoughts employ,
a note of tender
Fly ceaselessly. No goodlier band
reverence that is all his own. And even yet we
Looked upward to His face.
have not tasted all the varied richness of this vol.
“There, on bright hovering wings that tire
ume. The considerable section of lyrics and descrip-
Never, they rested mute,
tive pieces styled collectively “ The Carib Sea" has
Nor of far journeys had desire,
put the color and the languorous passion of the
Nor of the deathless fruit;
For in and through each angel soul
tropics into verse so exquisite that the lack of space
All waves of life and knowledge roll,
which forbids us further quotations seems more
Even as to nadir gtreamed the fire
oppressive than usual ; while the closing poem, an
Of their torches resolute."
ode written for the Shelley centenary, brings to a
A music simpler, but no less exquisite, is found in worthy end the most precious volume of American
“A Sea-Change, at Kelp Rock," a reflective strain poetry that has seen the light for many years. It
suggested by reading Sophocles one summer day. seems to us the most important volume that the
It is the music of Mrs. Browning's “Wine of Cy- author has ever produced, for it exhibits the restraint
prus," and is quite as haunting in its melancholy of the full-grown artistic consciousness in combina-
beauty.
tion with the qualities that we most associate with
“Drops the book - but from its prison
Tell me now what antique spell,
youth — the freshness of feeling and the ardor that
Through the unclaspt cover risen,
the advancing years of the poet have had the singu-
Moves the waves I know so well;
lar happiness to preserve uncooled and undimmed.
Bids me find in them hereafter,
The best of our other poets must suffer in com-
Dimpled to their utmost zone
With the old innumerous laughter,
parison with Mr. Stedman, but there is still a niche
An Ægean of my own?
in the temple of song for such sincere and fastidious
“Even so: the blue Ægean
verge as is found in Mr. Robert Underwood John-
Through our tendriled arches smiles,
son's new volume, “Songs of Liberty, and Other
And the distant empyrean
Poems.” Better, in our judgment, than Mr. John-
Curves to kiss enchanted isles :
Isles of Shoals, I know -- yet fancy
son's more pretentious poems is the tender senti-
This one day shall have free range,
ment of such a lyric as “Oh, Waste No Tears."
And yon isles her necromancy
“Not for the flaws of life shall fall
Shall to those of Hellas change."
The tear most exquisite --- ah, no;
Still another strain, this time stately and austere,
But for its fine perfections all:
For morning's joyous overflow,
breathes from the noble ode “Corda Concordia,"
For sunset's fleeting festival,
written for the opening in 1881 of the Concord
And what midwinter moons may show;
92
-


1898.]
49
THE DIAL
66
“For wild-rose breath of Keats's line;
In one of the stanzas of “Memorial Day” we find
For Titian's rivalry of June;
an echo of the prayer embodied in the
poem
above
For Chopin's tender notes that twine
The sense in one autumnal tune ;
quoted from, “ Hands Over Sea.”
For Brunelleschi's dome divine,
"Nay, on this day memorial ne'er forget
In wonder planned, with worship hewn."
The visioned good, the revelation august
Of Peace betwixt the peoples : may we let
An interesting section of this volume is devoted to
Our martial blood be cleansed of any lust
a series of paraphrases from the Servian poet, Lmai
Of war, and this America clasp hands
Iovan Iovanovich, made with the help of Mr. Nikola
Close with the parent English, two proud lands
Tesla. They give English students of poetry to
Before the world who let their weapons rust."
understand, not for the first time, the meaning of We cannot come across this sentiment too often in
the quatrain which we reproduce.
American poetry.
Why,' you ask, 'has not the Servian perished,
Such calamities about him throng?'
It was a year ago that we hailed in a modest
With the sword alike the lyre he cherished:
pamphlet of verse sent us by Mr. Edwin Arlington
He is saved by song !"
Robinson a strong and distinctive note of song, and
Mr. Johnson closes his volume with a plea, both we are glad that the privately printed booklet has
reasoned and impassioned, for a closer kinship of now been brought to the sight of a wider public.
feeling between the two great branches of the En It is not strictly the same volume, for there are a
glish race. The thought, so dear to the finer spirits number of new pieces, while the old ones are re-
of both peoples, has seldom found better expression vised and rearranged. “The Children of the
than in this poem, “ Hands Over Sea,” from which Night” gives a title to this new volume. Note-
we may make one characteristic extract.
worthy among the added verses are a number of
“True, ere are those of our impassioned blood
gnomic “Octaves,” for one of which we may find
Who can forget but slowly that thy great
space.
Misread the omens of our later strife,
"Nor jewelled phrase nor mere mellifluous rhyme
And knew not Freedom when she called to thee.
Reverberates aright, or ever shall
These think they hate thee !--- these, who have embraced
One cadence of that infinite plain-song
Before the altar their fraternal foes !
Which is itself all music. Stronger notes
Not white of York and red of Lancaster
Than any that have ever touched the world
More kindly mingle in thy rose of peace
Must ring to tell it- ring like hammer-blows,
Than blend in cloudless dawn our blue and gray.
Right-echoed of a chime primordial,
Already Time and History contend
On anvils, in the gleaming of God's forge."
For sinking rampart and the grassy ridge
That with its challenge startles pilgrim feet
Mr. Henry Rutgers Remsen seeks to attract
Along the fringes of the wounded wood.
attention to his verse by printing it on thick gray
The bedtime wonder of our children holds
Vicksburg coeval with the siege of Troy.
paper which makes the print difficult to read, and
And the scorned slave so hastened to forgive
by a form of binding so peculiar that we should
The scar has lost remembrance of the lash."
find it difficult to describe. Such adventitious allure-
Mr. Richard Burton's second volume of verse,
ments are apt to betoken scant literary art, and are
not in the best of taste. The volume is called
“Memorial Day, and Other Poems," exhibits a dis-
tinct advance over “ Dumb in June,” his first. He
“ The Daughter of Ypocas, and Other Verse.” Its
has much to learn — or perhaps we should say to
opening is guarded about by several pieces of which
practice — of the technique of his art, but his verse
we have failed to get any definite impression. The
already shows marked poetical feeling, and an in-
first of them is a plea for some ideal which we must
stinct for the right thing in form and expression. We
confess our inability to understand, and closes with
the startling line,
read him at his best in such a piece as “ My Poets.”
“Or else -hearest thou the voice ?— America is Rome.”
“I saw them in my dreams,- a goodly band
With lyre of gracious make within each band,
Is this an A. P. A. manifesto ? The Daughter of
A laurel wreath upon each shining head,
Ypocas, “moon-child, maiden of magical spells,” is
All young as youth and all fair garmented.
a queer creature with whom we should prefer not
“They swept the strings beside a magic sea
to associate. “Padre Mateo ” yields a very taking
That ever beat its waves in melody
rhyme,
Upon a shore where blooms immortal sprang
“All the loathsomeness
Between their feet, for solace while they sang.
Of filthy rags that showed her sloathsomeness.'
"I waked, and saw them in the light of day:
A motley crowd, for some were bent and gray,
It has a jabberwocky sound, and we rather like it.
And some clothed on with rags and hollow-eyed, Later in the volume we find some fairly satisfactory
And others limped, as they had journeyed wide.
This echo from “ The Prisoner of Zenda,”
“And oftenwhiles they sang when racked with pain, for example :
Or spake of field and flower, of Love's domain,
“Love is not all. Ah, would that it might be!
When mured about by sad and noisome sights
Stilled would the spirit sleep within the breast!
And lacking air and space and May delights.
And life would seem but love's eternity,
“And yet methinks I love their motley more
Circled with kisses like the laurel-tree
Than those dream-singers that I saw before ;
Folded with sunshine's passion. Aye, the West
And yet methinks they looked of heavenly race
Would meet the East, and bid the day-cares flee.
By some strange token on their brow and face !"
If love were all; if love were only best."
verse.
17


50
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
"
This also is a pretty stanza :
White-robed and voiceless, yet in mead or bough
'Deeply wrapped in All Saints' peace
Never before so beautiful ; pure, still,
Earth lay like a lover keeping
A virgin, mindful only of her vow,
atch and ward o'er Summer's sleeping
She chooses well ; fitly will she fulfil
In the City of Surcease."
The sacred rite. 'Tis dusk; she sees it now
Once more,- the star upon the Syrian hill."
In short, Mr. Remsen exhibits a pretty talent when
he deals with simple forms and sentiments, but suf-
This is Mr. Cheney at his best; at his second best, he
fers something like shipwreck in his more ambitious
too often has a catchy and whimsical utterance that
ventures. Yet even here we must qualify, for it is
seriously disturbs the flow of poetical feeling.
certainly ambitious to translate the “Atys,” and
“The choir invisible we praise ;
Mr. Remsen has done it with considerable success.
But I would join the choir I see,
Such misprints as "fun'rel," "similies," and " linia-
Of noble souls, who, glad and free,
ments we cannot help viewing with suspicion.
The living of the world upraise."
A modest little book of modest and pleasing verses
This stanza serves as comment upon the title,
is the “Shadows" of Mr. Howe. There are bits of
“The Choir Visible,” given by Mrs. Charles Kendall
Adams to her volume of verse. It also strikes the
description, retrospective glimpses with the proper
tinge of melancholy, and echoes from the author's
keynote of the contents, which express, in various
favorite poets. An example is “ Before the Snow.”
measures, one constant glow of love for mankind,
one constant aspiration toward the divine. The
“The yellow flame of goldenrod
diction of these pieces is simplicity itself: but they
Is spent, and by the road instead,
The flowers, like smoke-wreaths o'er the sod, are informed by a large sincerity that lends to the
Hang burned and dead !
simplest phrases both beauty and strength. Since
“The sumac cones of crimson show
the religious motive is prominent throughout, we
Beyond the roadsides, black and charred;
cannot do better than quote from the book one of
The trees, a bloodless, ashen row,
its most distinctively religious utterances, Light at
Stand autumn-scarred.
“Dark are the field-fires of the year;
Eventide.”
Let all the flickering embers die !
“If shadows overcast my morn
Without, the cold white days are near;
And clouds its sunlight hide,
Within are warmth - and you, and I.”
I only ask thee, Lord, to send
Thy light at eventide.
Mr. George Horton is putting to good uses the
“Though storms still hide my sun at noon,
leisure hours of his consular position. His “ Aph-
And darkness yet abide,
rbessa is the third or fourth volume that has come
My soul submissive only pleads
to him since he took his post at Athens, and is marked
For light at eventide.
by the same good taste and sincerity of purpose
that
“And while I plead, I know, O Christ,
distinguished the others. The titular poem is, more-
If I am near Thy side,
Life's storms will end in peace at last
over, the most nearly perfect thing that the author
And light at eventide."
has yet done, a pastoral tinged with the sensuous
glow of Keats, and telling a lovely tale, woven of
The volume includes a considerable series of sonnets,
charming fancies, concerning a new Endymion. We
and a number of poems written for occasions.
extract this exquisite lyric:
Miss Kimball's “ Victory, and Other Verses
“Who would catch a Nereid maid
offers a collection of pleasing and finished work,
He must follow, follow
Fleetly on through sunny glade
subjective for the most part, and dealing with the
And through sylvan hollow.
abstractions that betoken a reflective rather than a
Come away at early morn
creative mind. There is in them a marked religious
If you love me, mortal,
note, attuned to the subtle harmonies of mysticism,
While the knight bee winds his horn
which is well illustrated by the long poem which
At the rose's portal.":
Three or four other pieces, all upon Greek themes, gives a title to the volume. We quote a few verses,
make the remaining contents of this little book.
expressive of the final vision of peace vouchsafed to
up
the soul that has held its own against the leagued
Mr. John Vance Cheney's new volume, “Out of
powers of darkness.
the Silence,” is made up in part of pieces heretofore
“Even as I gazed, that Power that slew my heart,
unprinted in collected form, in part of revised ver-
My life itself, turned to a spectral thing,
sions of the poems published in two earlier volumes. Such as one pure and perfect thought pricks through;
Of the new pieces, the best seem to be a series of
And darkness was annihilate by Light.
lyrics dedicated to the several months. Here is a
Then from the battlements, I saw the clouds,
6 December” sonnet:
Thinning to gray, sail swiftly past the sun;
He pierced them with his golden arrows keen;
“And wherewithal shall Earth be clothed, to-day?
And bade them hasten as they passed his throne;
What music will she make, and speak what word,
And some he riddled through and through, and turned
What beauty have, before unseen, unheard ;
To veils of iridescent pearliness,
How will she stand, and what thing will she say?
That melted swiftly, imperceptibly,
She thinks not of one loveliness of May,
Till last he shone triumphant from clear space;
Of any bloom of June, or singing bird,
And Earth was glad, and sang his victory,
Of any autumn hue; white-robed, unstirred
And told the tale of darkness he had slain,
By faintest breath, she speeds the light away.
Through the full throat of all her inborn life.”
77
9


1898.]
51
THE DIAL
Nature is almost the sole inspiration of Miss Where woman is, no home but hath a shrine ;
Evaleen Stein's “One Way to the Woods," as,
How oft, alas, profaned! Men crucify
indeed, the subject of this title poem would indicate.
Her gentle spirit, and to shame betray
Her innocence with a kiss ; her agony
A typical stanza is the following, from “Flood-
And sweat of blood the winds that ever stray
Time on the Marshes":
Forever witness; and her bitter cry
“Where, fringed with lacy fronds of fern,
Goes up to heaven for vengeance, night and day."
The grass grows rich and high,
And flowering spider-worts have caught
We trust that Mr. Benjamin Sledd is not as mel-
The color of the sky;
ancholy a person in real life as his verses would
Where water-oaks are thickly strung
make him out to be. His songs “From Cliff and
With green and golden balls,
Scaur" have their being in deep gloom, relieved by
And from tall tilting iris-tips
The wild canary calls."
hardly an occasional ray of light. This, for exam-
ple, is the sort of thing he gives us :
This sort of landscape inventory is one of the com-
“No life was there in lone land:
monest features of modern minor verse, and it is
Or only lived the shuddering sand,
usually so well done that we cannot escape wonder-
Blind, hungry thing,
ing at the thoroughness with which one, at least, of
Which round my helpless feet would cling
Tennyson's lessons has been learned by his latter-
And strive to clasp me fast
In its cold arms. There was no light,
day disciples.
And yet I felt that height on height
The “Songs Ysame ” of Mrs. Annie Fellows
Shut in the dead black vast."
Johnston and Mrs. Albion Fellows Bacon (two sis The trouble with Mr. Sledd's gloom is that it is not
ters, apparently) present nothing particularly note convincing. He leads us to no “ city of dreadful
worthy. From the first-named of the two we select night” in which he has long sojourned, but rather
“Spring's Cophetua."
bids us share a perverse mood that he has forced
“She came with garments scant and poor and thin, upon himself for literary effect.
And white feet gleaming bare;
With pallid smiles where April tears had been,
We have examined every page of “The Death of
And snowflakes on her hair.
Falstaff, and Other Poems,” hoping that the vol-
“Oh, never — Winter thought-such gentle look ume might yield some bit of verse with the touch of
In all the land was seen!
distinction upon it, but the search has been in vain.
From his gray locks the diadem he took
And crowned her as his queen.
We can find nothing better than such a stanza as
this :
“And now, in silken robes and gowns arrayed,
"Tell me, Lady Moon, though morning
Fair Spring reigns in his stead.
Beckon from the distant hill,
Upon his throne she sits, the beggar maid
Where my lady lies, adorning
Cophetua' is dead."
Sleep itself, do dreams distill
The second writer yields a pretty elegy on“Ophelia.”
Songs more sweet than bird can trill
“Calm dost thou lie in wave-swept resting-place.
In the day-dawn when it hovers -
Songs my happy name containing ?
No more the glances of the haughty Dane
Ah, no longer fear complaining
Can fill thy gentle breast with longing vain.
That you are too kind to lovers!"
The waves that stilled thy heart have drowned thy pain,
And washed the sorrow from thy sweet, pale face, Of such commonplace texture is Mr. Moore's verse
Ophelia.
throughout, sometimes stilted, but never inspired.
“Thine be the violets, but his the rue.
Though hope should sleep, and deep regret should wake,
A breath of gentle melancholy fills Dr. Watson's
Thy clasped hand from Death's he could not take; “Songs of Flying Hours," a collection of poems
The spell on those mute lips he could not break,
which exhibit considerable technical skill, a wide
What more with life and love hast thou to do,
Ophelia ?”
range of serious thought, and a certain command of
felicitous diction. They are verses of which no man
“ Love's Way” is a “ monodrama,” and the hero would need to be ashamed, yet they are such verses
ine's name is Lilian. The story of the poet's love as hundreds of men can write equally well. We
is told in a series of lyrics, various in form, and, reprint the sonnet-like poem called “ Death.”
unlike the story of “Maud,” ends with the chime of
“And if we sleep? If souls go out and die,
wedding bells. Mr. Swift's “other poems
are two
As soft notes die upon the evening air,
long essays in heroic verse, “The Vision of Galileo” And if we fade and wither like a sigh,
and “Heracles upon Eta," both dignified and finely
As fade the flowers that are so wondrous fair,
Why should we grieve? The life we lose was sweet,
wrought, and a few short pieces. Our selection
Or it was bitter-good to have or lose ;
must perforce be made from the latter, and so we And sleep comes soft, and no man may refuse
take the sonnet "Far above Rubies.”
The summons when he hears its stealthy feet.
And if it lead us through the dark, blindfold,
“All that we dream of gracious or divine
In woman hath its type ; each holy sprite,
To where, we know not: still the hour may come
When, with our eyes unbound, we may behold
Poet or seer, or saintly eremite,
Resembles woman; all that doth refine
Whatever waits — a prison or a home;
Or will it lead, still on, with fainter tread,
The arts, the manners, to her sway benign
Owes high allegiance; all things fair and right
Into some voiceless land, and leave us - dead?”
Her weakness champions in the world's despite : There is much verse of this grave meditative sort in
6
19


52
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
DIAL
one.
Dr. Watson’s volume; it is too vague to make a
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
sharp impression, and too diffuse to make a lasting
The rescue of
The period of the Renaissance has
Mr. Ruskin's for some time been a matte of cul-
The greater part of Mr. Van Zile's volume is
Scapegoat.
made of such verse as journalism begets, verse
tivated acquaintance and interest.
up
that cares more for a “point” than for an idea, and
Such a book as “ Earthwork out of Tuscany" shows
is not meant to be taken seriously. Occasionally, as
that Ruskin and Symonds and Pater, as well as
in “The Unknown Sea," the author rises above this
many another too in other ways than those of liter-
plane and achieves melodious stanzas.
ature proper, have so familiarized us with the gen-
eral outline of Italian art and life, that a book which
“Long ere Columbus sailed the unknown sea,
Upon the sands a lonely dreamer lay,
assumed really a great deal would find many readers.
And, gazing westward, sought to pierce the void It is chiefly in painting, to tell the truth, that this
Beyond the sky-line's unresponsive gray.
interest manifests itself, but Renaissance painting
"There at his feet the ocean, throbbing, strove
has given reflected interest to many things else.
To tell its secret to the weary soul,
One rather marked exception, however, is architec-
But knowing not the language of the sea
ture. In the popular mind the architecture of the
He heard no message in the billows' roll.
Renaissance has never taken a place alongside of
“Beyond the mist, where sky and ocean met,
painting and poetry. In fact, to many the idea of
Reposed the waiting islands of the West,
But naught the dreamer learned save that his heart
Renaissance architecture has been accursed, in ac-
Grow heavy with the vainness of his quest.
cord with the well-known views of Mr. Ruskin as
“So are we dreamers on the strand of life,
expressed in “ The Stones of Venice.” This may
Scanning an ocean beeding not our cry;
have been partly because there was already a strong
And, dim with tears, our straining eyes see not architectural favorite in the public mind, namely
The smiling islands of the bye-and-bye."
Gothic architecture, a favorite which had had
With Mr. Irving Browne's “ House of the Heart” Scott and Pusey as sponsers and the great cathe-
we reach the end of this review of recent American drals of Europe as its own intrinsic merit. The
poetry, and to the end of Mr. Browne's book do we victory of Gothic had been won during the century
turn for our final excerpts. There are, indeed,
over the weak followers not so much of Palladio
temptations by the way, for the author's humorous even, as of Mansard and the Barocco artists, and
fancies are often very cleverly expressed, but we the popular mind did not incline to see excellence in
have found nothing better or more characteristic that which had been but recently displaced. These
than the series of short poems on “ The Moon as types, however, had not much connection with the
Viewed by Various Persons.” First, there is the Renaissance, — they were really but remnants, as it
young woman, who is sentimental, then the physi were. Mr. Anderson's book on “ Italian Renais-
cian, who is practical. The one says:
sance Architecture” (imported by Scribner) deals
“ Under the moon my lover walks with me,
with the real Renaissance, with the sixteenth cen-
And swears his love will never know eclipse," tury, with the period from Brunaleschi to Palladio.
while the other comments grimly:
It is based on lectures given before the Glasgow
"The moon is my good patron, fruitful source
School of Art, and has, as the author observes,
Of aches and pains and cold is moonlight walk." rudimentary and popular character” which recom-
The painter is vexed because he does not know how mends it to the untechnical reader. It is further
large to make the moon on his canvas, while the very fully illustrated with excellent pictures, so that
burglar objects to it for rising at a most inopportune it is not only intelligible but useful. It will be found,
hour. The astronomer remarks that he can no on the whole, rather more available than anything
longer be expected to be devout at sight of a moon else on the subject that we know of.
which reveals only
“A lot of empty craters,
It is always important to compare the
Disquisitions on the
Dotting her surface like huge nutmeg graters,"
opinions of great men on great sub-
Dandiacal Soul.
and the farmer complains that
jects. Hence the debt which the
"That pesky moon is always wet or dry,
thinking world owes to Mr. Jacobs for his presenta-
A turnin' down or up her darned old horn,
tion of the views of Walter Pater and Maurice
A rottin' all the taters and the rye,
Barrès on the Blessedness of Egoism. It is by such
Or burnin' up the garden-sass and corn."
work that we in America are able to keep in touch
Thus the practically-minded. The poet, meanwhile, with the advancing thought of the Old World.
sees nought of these things, but instead this vision :
Another opportunity is now at hand. American
“And still the moon moves on in God's highway, readers can at last weigh against Mr. Max Beer-
Heedless alike of fond Endymion's sighs,
bohm's theory of Dandyism the estimate of Barkey
Of querulous man's lament, of watchdog's bay,
And shows nor scorn nor pity nor surprise.
D'Aurevilly. It has long been known that there
So shall she move, until this trivial world,
was a difference of opinion, but so far Mr. Beer-
In hopeless ruin and confusion hurled,
bohm has had the advantage of the last word in a
Lies shattered at the awful judgment day.”
case where the first had never been heard. For,
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. beyond the mention in “Dandies and Dandyism,"
&
11


1898.]
53
THE DIAL
Its Ideals
we fear that Barkey D'Aurevilly has heretofore Landor, Peacock, and Mr. Aubrey De Vere. The
been largely conceived in America merely as a per- lapses from a balanced critical judgment in the
son who delighted in the use of inks of various selections from such men as Kingsley, Arnold, and
colors and wore rose-colored silk hats and gold-lace Patmore seem to us also very noticeable. Of course,
neckties, facts drawn from a book entitled “ Degen- the contents of the volume are still “ choicely good,”
eration.” The widely-read author of that entertain but we expected more than that from the editor of
ing work inferred hysteria from the violent colors the first “Golden Treasury." - Mr. Frederic Law-
and ego-mania from the hats and cravats. Mr. rence Knowles, in his “Golden Treasury of Amer-
Douglas Ainslie, however, who now presents us with ican Songs and Lyrics” (Page), has brought together
a translation “Of Dandyism and of George Brum one hundred and forty-seven poems by sixty-one
mell” (Copeland & Day), does not seem to agree writers from Freneau to Mr. Lloyd Mifflin. Fre-
with the great scourge of letters; he would seem to neau's “The Wild Honeysuckle" fitly ushers in such
regard these matters as unimportant. Certainly they a collection as this, but Mr. Mifflin's pretentious
cannot be weighed in importance with the great sonnets have by no means won for him a deserved
fundamental question. And here it must first be place among our poets. Poe has no less than nine
remarked that our two authorities differ in more lyrics, the largest representation given to any poet.
respects than had been previously mentioned. They Whitman is excluded, with regret, for reasons that
disagree not only in theory, but on facts. For we must respect, although the canon is questionable
instance, although they agree that it was not a fool that cannot overlook considerations of form in a
ish fancy for a uniform that led Brummell to join case like his. Mr. Knowles has done his work
the Tenth Hussars, they differ as to his reasons for with taste and discretion, for the most part, although
leaving the corps. Mr. Beerbohm says it was be it may hardly be taken as more than a tentative
cause of a reprimand for appearing on parade in a effort toward that definitive anthology which we
blue tunic: Barkey D'Aurevilly says that
hope for in the future. The volume is exceptionally
because the regiment was ordered to Birmingham. charming from the mechanical point of view, and
Let not such differences seem insignificant. Where does great credit to the new house whose imprint it
facts differ, theories will differ, at least they ought bears.
to. The real difference between these two thinkers
may perhaps be traced to some such variation in
" Music:
Mr. W. S. B. Mathews has recently
fact as this. Of the two, it is obvious that Mr. Beer-
brought together into a sizable vol.
and Methods."
bohm upholds the æsthetic doctrine, while Barkey
ume nearly two score brief essays
D'Aurevilly is distinctly ethical in his treatment.
upon various aspects of the art of music, both theo-
One thinks of Dandyism as an exquisite art, the
retical and practical. These articles are reprinted
other conceives it as an exquisite way of life. The
from the periodicals to which Mr. Mathews has been
difference is of course fundamental, and our readers
a contributor of late years
largely, in fact, from
will wish to pursue it and to decide for themselves.
the excellent monthly magazine “Music" of which
We recommend to them this translation with confi-
he is the editor — and are now published by Mr.
dence. Its appearance, in type, paper, and binding,
Theodore Presser, of Philadelphia. Mr. Mathews
is one of the few American writers about music who
is worthy of its topic, and its topic is worthy of those
who can appreciate it.
really have something substantial to say. Over-
much journalism has set its mark upon his style,
The late Professor Palgrave set for and his manner of writing often degenerates into a
Two new
himself so high a standard of taste slapdash utterance that is anything but commend-
Treasuries.
and discernment in that “Golden able; yet there is always a serious reflective basis
Treasury” (Macmillan) which has by common for what he says, and he not infrequently has at his
acclaim been received as the best of English an command the felicitous phrase and the symmetri-
thologies that we were prepared to find in his cally crystallized expression of his thought. Few
“second series" of the publication, covering the writers with whom we are acquainted have come as
period since 1850, a work somewhat less satisfactory near as Mr. Mathews comes, when in his best and
than its predecessor. But we did not anticipate so most serious moods, to finding adequate words for
marked a falling-off, or a selection distinguished by the expression of what is essential about musical art
so much unevenness, as the new anthology reveals. in general, or about some form or illustration of
It was not Professor Palgrave's fault that copyright that art in particular. He never gets far away
from
considerations prevented the inclusion of anything the fundamental thought that music provides men
by Morris or Mr. Swinburne — although a Victorian with one of the deepest forms of culture, and that
anthology without these poets seems hardly worth all questions of technique and pedagogical method
making, so unrepresentative must it be — but the should be held strictly subordinate to that idea. The
judgment was surely at fault that exalted such root of the matter is in such a passage as the fol-
minor poets as O'Shaughnessy and William Barnes lowing : “For by just so much as music says some
as we find them exalted in this volume. These thing to those who give themselves up to it, by just
writers have seventeen and twelve poems, respect 80 much it becomes a force with influence upon their
ively, in the collection, as against one each from lives, and upon their doing and being. And so we
Golden


54
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
» We
may look for a time when this force will be under pression rather than of idea that he should regard
stood and intelligently employed in education, as it the “ New Arabian Nights" as “ a piece of enchant-
sometimes begins to be now; but upon wider and ing verbiage"; that he should hint that George
higher scale, until many things which have not Eliot entertained “nugatory theories of Hebrew
yielded to the pulpit nor yet to the press, will soften history”; that he should assert that a particular
themselves to music. Who knows? The Pytha- | line of “In Memoriam ” “ keys the music of this
gorean tuning of mind by means of tones will be- elegy"; that he should note the place where Haw-
come a reality; and it will sometime be found that thorne and Poe “ quit company,” or that he should
the intellect is sharpened and the imagination hold that Hawthorne’s “ treatment of a theme is
kindled by tonal fantasy, not merely for itself, but essentially spirituelle." These are technical points
for great and noble deeds.” We may fairly call of style, and yet we feel sure that they are the ex-
this the language of prophecy, for few even among pression of a particular mode of thought, if we may
professional musicians have yet conceived of their
80 call it.
It is to be remarked, however, that Mr.
art in this significant sense, the sense in which it Quayle nowhere makes any claim to the power of
offers not merely entertainment or beguilement, but criticism. He says distinctly that he has loved
rather education in the truest and best meaning of literature, and therefore has written, more doubtless
the term. We do not always agree with Mr. Mathews with a view to stimulate affection for the men and
in his special dicta. Sometimes we disagree with works he loves” than with any idea of pronouncing
him so vehemently that words could hardly express sound critical judgments. And that is no mean
our feeling. How can a man say that “there is not desire. We cannot but think well of the man who
an element of the ideal ” in “ Tristan und Isolde"? entertains it, or of the city which seeks these essays
But we are in the deepest accord with a writer who more eagerly than the latest works of Richard
can speak words like these: "With steady step music Harding Davis or James Lane Allen. Still, we
has progressed towards the art of saying something cannot quite agree with Mr. Quayle's publishers
to human souls. Out of the vast inner world of the that “seldom have such personalities as Browning
Unseen, the Blest, and the Eternal, the prophetic ... or such epochal characters as Cromwell .
seer brings in tones his living and moving message. been more vividly reproduced by human pen.'
We do not need a story; we do not need an expla are inclined to think that what Mr. Quayle has
nation. Simply to hear and hear again, and to be vividly reproduced is the current of his own ideas.
silent and hear again — this is the road and the This is not an especially easy thing to do, but we
only road. These great works are written like the think that in this book it is very effectively done.
messages of inspiration for those who have ears to
hear.' The inner message of music, like the inner
Readers of the “Century Magazine
A compact
tone of the creation, is for him who listens within.” popular life of need not be reminded of the graphic
Marie Antoinette.
"Durch alle Töne tönet,
quality and choice pictorial attrac-
Im bunten Lebenstraum,
tions of Miss Anna L. Bicknell's “ Story of Marie
Ein leiser Ton gezogen
Antoinette." The work recently formed a leading
Für den, der heimlich lauschet."
feature of successive numbers of that periodical, and
These words, which Schumann took as a text for
it now appears in book form (Century Co.), and a
his wonderful Fantaisie, Op. 17,” belong, in a wider
very worthy and attractive volume it makes. Miss
sense, to all great music, and this is the truth that
Bicknell has given us the best popularly written life of
Mr. Mathews embodies in many a chapter of his the ill-starred Queen at least we can point to none
stimulating book.
better. She is a good narrator, and wastes no time
We believe that the nature of a man's in pointing a moral or adorning a tale that assuredly
Essays in
English.
mind gives the form to his style. We needs neither pointing nor adornment. She shows
even believe that, given the technical sensibility, without drenching her recital with tears
characteristics of any piece of writing, one should – like the lachrymose M. de la Rochterie, for ex-
be able to infer the character of the author's mode ample, in whose watery elegiacs over his “mar-
of thought. It must be allowed that literary criti- tyred queen”-now over a century dead — there is
cism is not quite as far advanced on this line as just a touch of “Sergeant Buzfuz.” One is reminded
might be desired. Still, we feel quite sure that of Mark Twain at the tomb of Adam. Miss Bicknell
there are a number of our readers who can gauge is accurate as to facts, and her judgments are tem-
pretty exactly the mental calibre of a man who perate. She adheres mostly to the generally accepted
writes sentences which are, on the average, from versions of leading incidents. She respects the
eleven to fourteen words long, whose work has a statement that Marie Antoinette, in ascending the
distinctly staccato movement due to the constant scaffold, struck the executioner's foot, and apolo-
unconnected and direct statements, and who con gized quickly, with a polite “ Pardon, Monsieur.”
veys his doctrine one half in epigrammatic generali- | The story seems improbable enough, and it has
zations and the other half in metaphors. Such is lately been again denied, on the authority of a credi-
the
way Mr. W. A. Quayle expresses his ideas in ble eye-witness of the queen’s execution. A lady
“ The Poet's Poet and Other Essays” (Curts & (the grandmother of M. de Rochefort) who was
Jennings). It is also, we believe, a matter of ex seated on a cart near the scaffold, testified that “the


1898.]
55
THE DIAL
Peter the Great
as a monster.
Bible.
queen, frightfully overcome, looked as if she was through it. And what then? One has the recollec-
bent double. She was almost lifted onto the plank, tion of a man who has tramped through a stretch of
where she fell without a movement. This [the miry road, rather disagreeable and unsatisfactory.
story in question] is pure fable. ... Marie Antoi The author's elaborations are too verbose, his sen-
nette broke down in the arms of the executioner's tences too long, to conduce to clearness. His theory
assistants ; she was laid beneath the knife completely is that the Christ must be interpreted parabolically.
inert; no kick was given; no dialogue passed be “ Jesus Christ is the very image of God begotten in
tween her and the executioner; and if her foot did the life of the human race during its spiritual his-
touch his, she was not in a state to perceive it.” tory" (page 36). In the unfolding of this thought
This account of the queen’s condition tallies well he soars to the regions of the mystical, and fails to
with that terrible sketch of her, as she sat in the carry his reader with him. Repeated readings fail
tumbril, made by David, who saw the cortége pass to make him clear. In handling the so-called vicari-
his window. Miss Bicknell's book is exceedingly ous theory of the atonement as held by some scholars,
readable — the best compact popular Life of Marie and as contained in the fifty-third chapter of Isaiah,
Antoinette obtainable. It is beautifully illustrated, the author simply explains those verses (4 and 5) of
mainly with portraits of the queen and her circle, least difficulty, and lets the reader struggle away
after Mme. Lebrun.
with the giant difficulties, which he never so much
as touches. He is apparently not out of the woods
Peter the Great appears in ordinary himself. If he is, let him condense and clarify.
histories and brief biographies as a
personage of extraordinary vitality
Of making many Bibles there is no
A supernal
and originality, and the exponent of modern prog-
end. But of making the ideal Bible
ress in the civilization of Russia. Whether it is
there is just now a beginning. After
desirable revelation to force upon the general public
decades of experience and of experiments, the Oxford
that he was an unspeakably vulgar, unspeakably University Press has achieved a real success in manu-
cruel, unspeakably licentious monster, is a question facturing Bibles. Their latest product is “The Ox-
which, at any rate, does not seem to have given pause
ford Self-Pronouncing Teacher's Bible” of King
to the Russian author of the latest life of Peter,
James's version. It is a marvellous piece of book-
translated by Lady Loyd, and published by Messrs. making. It is octavo in form, printed in bourgeois
Appleton & Co. The author justifies the lurid lights
type, and occupies the same space as that heretofore
which he throws upon his hero and his people on the
taken by minion type, two sizes smaller. Every
ground that "courage to acknowledge what one is, proper name is separated into syllables, wherein the.
and even what one has been, is a very necessary
quality of each is marked and the accented syllable
quality.” But it is hard to believe that he is a
noted. This work is done on strictly scientific prin-
genuine admirer of Peter, however much he professes ciples, and is authoritative. Added to the whole
to be such. Supported as are the revolting allega- Bible is a series of 124 full-page plates illustrating
tions regarding Peter's beastly life by references to
contemporary accounts, it seems impossible to deny appended "Helps for the Study of the Bible.” And
their truthfulness. But what is the use of the author's last, but no less than the climax in Bible-making, is
declaring “I can discover nothing in Peter's case
the fact that the entire 1624 pages, printed on India
which would point to the authentic mark of the real paper, is just one inch in thickness, or, with strong
wild beast — the greedy delight in inflicting suffer-
lids of flexible leather, less than one and one-eighth
ing, the downright taste for blood,” on the same
inches. In the charm of its typography, in its self-
page (125) with the admission that he “ pursued pronouncing character, and in its small, convenient
the men he had doomed to death with reproaches
compass, it is the peer of any Teacher's Bible now
and invectives — jeered at them even in their death
on the market.
agony”? The author also declares at the close,
Continuing his series of the " Foot-
Patriots of the
“He thirsted for blood” (page 533). All of the
prints of the Patriots" (Lee & Shep-
real achievements of Peter's reign that are rehearsed
ard), Mr. Abram English Brown
in this volume are familiar to the world. The leads us “ Beside Old Hearthstones” in northern
principal result of publishing the atrocities which Middlesex County, in Massachusetts. Searching out
hitherto have been hidden in rarer volumes and in the homes of the minute-men who answered Paul
foreign languages must be to make it impossible to Revere's alarm “thro' every Middlesex village and
hear again the name of Peter the Great without
farm on April 19, 1775, the author tells us those
disgust and loathing.
little incidents of their daily lives that make clear to
us their personality and environment. Among these
A little volume of 120 pages, by
Mystifying
men were many whose names are memorable for
the mysterious Mr. Charles H. Mann, entitled “ The some great work or deed; and these visits to their
in theology. Christ of God" (Putnam), is a mod old homesteads, the talks with their descendants, the
ern deliverance on the interpretation of the mean glancing into old diaries yellow with age, and the
ing of the Christ. It requires the patience of a pa- inspection of curious relics of those troubled times,
triarch and the perseverance of a saint to wade have afforded material for an interesting and profit-
V
Revolution.


56
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
LITERARY NOTES.
able volume. It is illustrated with pictures of many
notable homesteads, relics, documents, quaint tomb-
stones, and portraits of the patriots and their de-
scendants. An interesting account is given of the
first blood shed at Bunker Hill, when Asa Pollard's
head was taken off by a ball from one of the British
ships, as the minute-men rested at their noonday meal.
Another version of the story of “Old Put” and the
wolf is given from the lips of his great-granddaughter
on her eighty-ninth birthday.
“ Moni der Geissbub,” by Fräulein Johanna Spyri,
has been edited for school use by Miss H. A. Guerber,
and is published by Messrs. D. Č. Heath & Co.
Publication of “Frederick the Great” has now begun
in the “Centenary "edition of Carlyle, and the first two
of the eight volumes have just been imported by Messrs.
Charles Scribner's Sons.
“ An Elementary Spanish Reader," edited by Pro-
fessor M. Montrose Ramsay, and having the unusual
feature of original illustrations, has just been published
by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co.
Burke's speech on “ Conciliation with America,”
edited by Professor Hammond Lamont, is a recent
number of the excellent “ Athenæum Press” series,
published by Messrs. Ginn & Co.
Mr. R. Van Bergen has told “The Story of Japan"
in a simply-written and interesting volume recently
published by the American Book Co., and intended for
use as a supplementary reading-book in schools.
66
Cosmopolis ” will soon publish three " Odes in Con-
courses.
BRIEFER MENTION.
Dr. George McLean Harper has edited for Messrs.
Henry Holt & Co. a selection from Sainte-Beuve's
“Causeries du Lundi," seven in number, including
“Qu'est-ce qu'un Classique ? ” “Grande Epoque de la
Prose," and the studies of Pascal, La Fontaine, Saint-
Simon, Madame de Maintenon, and La Duchesse de
Bourgoyne. The work is well done, and the author is
one of the most important to be taken up in advanced
What gives the book its special distinction,
however, is the elaborate prefatory essay on Sainte-
Beuve, which reminds us to say that much of the best
critical writing of the present day in this country is to
be found in just such school-books as this, a fact quite
as important for the general reader to know as for the
person of strictly pedagogic intent. Such books as this
belong quite as much in the private libraries of culti-
vated persons as in the class-rooms of the colleges.
It is with much satisfaction that we commend the
enterprise of Messrs. Small, Maynard, & Co., a new
firm of Boston publishers, in producing for the first time
a tasteful and adequate edition of Walt Whitman's
poems. We have been compelled hitherto to put up
with editions as far removed from the traditions of ar-
tistic publishing as the “ Leaves of Grass” themselves
are removed from the traditions of the poetic art. The
handsome volume now before us remedies all this, and
gives us, within a single set of covers, the complete poet-
ical works of Whitman, including “Sands at Seventy,"
“Good-bye, My Fancy,” and “Old Age Echoes,” besides
the prose
« Backward Glance o'er Travel'd Roads."
Mr. James Whitcomb Riley is the latest American
writer to receive the somewhat premature honors of a
uniform subscription edition of his works. It is styled
the “Homestead” edition, and Messrs. Charles Scrib-
ner's Sons are the publishers. There are to be ten vol-
tribution to the Song of French History," by Mr.
George Meredith. They will have for their subjects
the Revolution, Napoleon, and Alsace-Lorraine.
Volume VI. of Miss Wormeley's translation of Mo-
liére, published by Messrs. Roberts Brothers, includes
“L'Etourdi,” “Le Mariage Force,” “Le Medecin
malgré Lui,” and “ La Critique de l'Ecole des Femmes.”
Messrs. Funk & Wagnalls Co. have just published
Volume III. of “The Reader's Shakespeare,"containing
the comedies, edited by Mr. David Charles Bell. In
this work, it will be remembered, the plays are condensed
for the use of schools and for public readings.
Messrs. Curts & Jennings are the publishers of a
“ Manual of Ecclesiastical Architecture," by Professor
William Wallace Martin. It is a well-printed and
profusely-illustrated work of over four hundred pages,
simple in style and serviceable in arrangement.
A pretty little volume, just issued by the Oxford
University Press, is Mr. Arthur C. Downer's exbaustive
study and analysis of “ The Odes of Keats." Among
the illustrations in the book is a fine view of the Ameri-
can Memorial to Keats, in Hampstead Parish Church.
Mr. J. H. Hyde, president of the Cercle Français of
Harvard University, has just presented that society
with the sum of thirty thousand dollars. The interest
will be applied to an annual lectureship, to be filled by
distinguished Frenchmen, of whom M. René Doumic is
to be the first.
The January “International Studio," published by
Mr. John Lane, is an especially interesting issue of that
beautiful magazine. Illustrated articles on the land-
scape paintings of Prince Eugen of Sweden and on the
colored prints of Mr. W. P. Nicholson are among the
noteworthy features of the number.
The third annual volume of “Good Reading,” pub-
lished by Mr. T. Fisher Unwin of London, is made up
of short selections, chosen by the authors themselves,
from the recent books of that publisher. A number of
interesting portraits and a short introduction by Mr.
Unwin are also contained in the volume.
Recent texts for teachers of English include Carlyle's
Essay on Burns (Ginn), edited by Mr. Charles L.
Hanson; Tennyson's “ The Princess ” (Ginn), edited by
Professor A. S. Cook; Milton's “ Lycidas” (Ginn),
edited by Dr. John Phelps Fruit; “Selections from
Field, and Mr. J. M. Barrie already published by this
enterprising firm. “Neighborly Poems and Dialect
Sketches” is the title of the first volume, now before us.
“ Nineteenth Century Questions" (Houghton) is the
title of a volume of essays prepared for publication by
the late James Freeman Clarke shortly before his death,
and now placed before the public. The questions dis-
cussed fall into three groups -“Literary Studies,"
« Religious and Philosophical,” and “Historical and
Biographical." They include, among others, « Did
Shakespeare write Bacon's Works ?” “ Have Animals
Souls ?” “ Affinities of Buddhism and Christianity,"
“Buckle and His Theory of Averages,” and “ The Rise
and Fall of Slave Power in America ” — nineteenth
century questions indeed, yet having a strangely old-
fashioned ring in these closing years of the century.


1898.]
57
THE DIAL
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 71 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
• Paradise Lost' » (Heath), edited by Mr. Albert
Perry Walker; and Carlyle's “ Hero-Worship” (Mac-
millan), edited by Mrs. Annie Russell Marble.
“ The Westminster" is the title of a weekly religious
paper, published at Toronto, and formed by the amal-
gamation of an older paper bearing the same name
with “The Canada Presbyterian” and “The Presbyter."
The result is a periodical, half newspaper and balf
magazine, with forty-eight pages to the number.
Four new volumes have lately been added to the hand-
some « Illustrated English Library” (imported by Put-
nam). These consist of Charlotte Brontë's “ Shirley,'
Scott's “Rob Roy," and Thackeray's “ Pendennis” and
“Vanity Fair." Mr. F. H. Townsend is the illustrator
of the first two volumes, and Miss Chris. Hammond of
the other two.
“ Pictures in the National Gallery” is the title of an
important art work announced for early publication by
Mr. Franz Hanfstaengl of New York. In addition to
a number of text illustrations, the work will contain
one hundred large photogravure plates, with descriptive
text by Mr. Charles Locke Eastgate, Keeper and Sec-
retary of the National Gallery.
“ A Century of American Statesmen” is the title of a
forthcoming work by Professor Moses Coit Tyler, of
which the Messrs. Putnam will be the publishers. It
will provide a four-volume biographical survey of
American politics, passing in rapid review the careers
and political ideas of about forty men, from Jefferson
and Hamilton down to President McKinley.
« Lessons in Elementary Botany for Secondary
Schools,” by Professor Thomas H. Macbride, is a text-
book just published by Messrs. Allyn & Bacon. It deals
chiefly with familiar phænogamous forms in their more
striking aspects, although ferns, mosses, and fuugi are
reached before the end. It is a very practical sort of
book for beginners, and we take pleasure in commend-
ing it to teachers.
Practical aid to mothers in the selection of the best
books for their children to read is offered, in a profes-
sional way, by Miss Helene L. Dickey, who has given
much special study to this now important subject, and,
through her connection with the house of Houghton,
Mifflin & Co., has acquired a valuable knowledge of its
bibliography. Miss Dickey may be addressed in the
care of this firm, at 378 Wabash avenue, Chicago.
The death of William J. Linton at his New Haven
home, on the 29th of December, evokes a good many
memories in the mind of a student of nineteenth-century
art, literature, and politics. As an artist, he was one of
the greatest of the fast dying race of wood-engravers,
a member of many societies, an editor of art journals,
and an authoritative writer upon his special subject.
As a man of letters, he produced, besides his technical
works, several volumes of poems and translations, and
collaborated with Mr. R. H. Stoddard in the editing of
one of our best anthologies of English poetry. Litera-
ture claims him also in an indirect way as the husband
of Mrs. Lynn Linton. In politics, his activity began
with the Chartists, among whom he was a leader, and
continued to exert itself through the various under-
ground channels controlled by Mazzini, Garibaldi, and
Louis Blanc, all of whom were his friends. His emigra-
tion to this country in 1867 removed him from further
active participation in the European revolutionary move-
ment. Born in London in 1812, he was eighty-five
years old when he died.
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
Audubon and his Journals. By Maria R. Audubon ; with
Notes by Elliott Coues. In 2 vols., illus., large 8vo, gilt
tops, uncut. Charles Scribner's Sons. $7.50.
Falklands. By the author of "The Life of Sir Kenelm
Digby." Illus. in photogravure, etc., 8vo, uncut, pp. 193.
Longmans, Green, & Co. $3.50.
HISTORY.
The History of South Carolina under the Proprietary
Government, 1670–1719. By Edward McCrady. 8vo, gilt
top, pp. 762. Macmillan Co. $3.50.
The History of the Pequot War: The Contemporary Ac-
counts of Mason, Underhill, Vincent, and Gardener.
Edited by Charles Orr. 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 149.
Cleveland: The Helman-Taylor Co. $2.50.
Studies in European and American History. By Fred
Morrow Fling, Ph.D., and Howard W. Caldwell, A.M.
12mo, pp. 336. Lincoln, Nebr.: J. H. Miller.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
The Pamphlet Library. Edited by Arthur Waugh. First
vols,: Literary Pamphlets, edited by Ernest Rhys, in
2 vols., $3.; Political Pamphlets, edited by A. F. Pollard,
in 1 vol., $1.75. Each 12mo, uncut. Henry Holt & Co.
Old Lamps for New Ones, and Other Sketches and Essays,
hitherto uncollected. By Charles Dickens; edited by
Frederic G. Kitton. 12mo, uncut, pp. 344. New Amster-
dam Book Co. $1.25.
Studies and Notes in Philology and Literature. Vol. V.,
Child Memorial Volume. 8vo, pp. 282. Ginn & Co. Paper,
$1.50.
Leisure Hours in the study. By James MacKinnon, Ph.D.
12mo, pp. 452. London: T. Fisher Unwin.
The Odes of Keats. With Notes and Analyses and a Me-
moir by Arthur C. Downer, M.A. Illus., 12mo, pp. 103.
Oxford University Press.
Works of James Whitcomb Riley, “Homestead” Edi-
tion. Vol. II., Sketches in Prose. With frontispiece, 12mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 240. Charles Scribner's Sons. (Sold
only by subscription.)
The Flowers of Life. By Anthony J. Drexel Biddle. 12mo,
pp. 88. Philadelphia : Drexel Biddle. 90 cts.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
The Romances of Alexandre Dumas, New Series. Mon-
sieur de Chauvelin's Will, and The Woman with the Velvet
Necklace, 1 vol.; and The Horoscope, 1 vol. Each with
portraits, 12mo, gilt top. Little, Brown, & Co. Per vol.,
$1.50.
The Poems of Ossian. Translated by James Macpherson ;
edited by William Sharp. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 417.
Edinburgh: Patrick Geddes & Colleagues.
The Works of Friedrich Nietzsche. Edited by Alexander
Tile. Vol. X., A Genealogy of Morals, trans. by William
A. Hausemann; and Poems, trans. by John Gray. 12mo,
uncut, pp. 289. Macmillan Co. $2.
POETRY.
Tuscan Songs Collected and trans. by Francesca Alexander.
With 108 photogravures from designs by the author. Large
4to, gilt top, uncut, pp. 300. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
Boxed, $25.
From the Hills of Dream: Mountain Songs and Island
Runes. By Fiona Macleod. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 149.
Edinburgh: Patrick Geddes & Colleagues.
Complete Poetical Works of Joaquin Miller. Illus., 8vo,
gilt top, pp. 330. San Francisco : Whitaker & Ray Co.
$2.50.
The Trumpeters, and Other Poems. By Andrew Downing.
16mo, pp. 136. Washington: Haworth Pub'g House.
FICTION.
Hernani the Jew: A Story of Russian Oppression. By
A. N. Homer. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 332. Rand, McNally
& Co. $1.25.
A Son of Israel. By “Rachel Penn." 12mo, pp. 306. J. B.
Lippincott Co. $1.25.


58
[Jan. 16,
THE DIAL
Memory and its Cultivation. By F. W. Edridge-Green,
M.D. 12mo, pp. 311. "International Scientific Series."
D. Appleton & Co. $1.50.
Sweethearts and Friends. By Maxwell Gray 12mo,
pp. 250. D. Appleton & Co. $1.; paper, 50 cts.
Brokenburne: A Southern Auntie's War Tale. By Virginia
Frazer Boyle. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 75. E. R.
Herrick & Co. $1.50.
The Fiddler of Carne. By Ernest Rhys. 12mo, uncut,
pp. 354. Edinburgh : Patrick Geddes & Colleagues.
A Man and a Woman. By Stanley Waterloo. New edi-
tion; 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 250. Way & Williams.
$1.25.
The Copy-Maker. By William Farquhar Payson. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 192. New Amsterdam Book Co. $1.
Shantytown Sketches. By Anthony J. Drexel Biddle.
12mo, pp. 64. Philadelphia : Drexel Biddle. 35 cts.
NEW VOLUMES IN THE PAPER LIBRARIES.
Dillingham's Metropolitan Library: George Forest. By
Waverly Greene. 12mo, pp. 204. 50 cts.
Street & Smith's Arrow Library: The Master of Ballan-
trae. By Robert Louis Stevenson. 12mo, pp. 282. 10 cts.
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG.
A Book of Verses for Children. Compiled by Edward
Verrall Lucas. Illus. in colors, etc., 12mo, pp. 348. Henry
Holt & Co. $2.
The Monkey that Would Not Kill. By Henry Drummond.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 115. Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.
A Mince Pie Dream: A Book of Children's Verse. By
Emily D. Elton; illus. in colors by Blanche McManus.
8vo, uncut, pp. 75. E. R. Herrick & Co. $1.25.
The Second Froggy Fairy Book. By Anthony J. Drexel
Biddle. Illus. in colors, etc., 8vo, gilt top, pp. 90. Phila-
delphia: Drexel Biddle. 75 cts.
THEOLOGY AND RELIGION.
The Polychrome Bible. Edited by Paul Haupt and Horace
Howard Furness. Part 7, Book of Judges, trans. by Rev.
G. F. Moore, D.D. Illus., large 8vo, pp. 100. Dodd,
Mead & Co. $1.25 net.
The Ideal Life: Addresses Hitherto Unpublished. By
Henry Drummond ; with Memorial Sketches by Ian Mao-
laren and W. Robertson Nicoll. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 320.
Dodd, Mead & Co. $1.50.
A Harmony of the Books of Samuel, Kings, and Chron-
icles, the text of the Version of 1884. By William
Day Crockett, A.M.; with Introduction by Willis Judson
Beecher, D.D. 8vo, pp. 365. Eaton & Mains. $2.
The Woman's Bible. Part I., The Pentateuch. 8vo,
pp. 152. New York: European Pub'g Co. Paper, 50 cts.
66
PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS.
Ethical Systems. By Wilhelm Wundt; trans, by Margaret
Floy Washburn. Large 8vo, uncut, pp. 196. Macmillan
Co. $1.75 net.
Citizenship and Salvation; or, Greek and Jew: A Study
in the Philosophy of History. By Alfred H. Lloyd, Ph.D.
12mo, gilt top, pp. 142. Little, Brown, & Co.
Das Philosophische in Humes Geschichte von England.
Von Heinrich Goebel, Dr. phil. 8vo, uncut, pp. 114. Mar-
burg: N. G. Elwert'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung. Paper.
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC STUDIES.
Social Facts and Forces: The Factory, the Labor Union,
the Corporation, the Railway, the City, the Church. By
Washington Gladden. 12mo, pp. 235. G. P. Putnam's
Sons. $1.25.
The Social Mind and Education. By George Edgar Vin-
cent. 8vo, pp. 155. Macmillan Co. $1.25.
Density and Distribution of Population in the United
States at the Eleventh Census. By Walter F. Wilcox,
Ph.D. 8vo, uncut, pp. 80. Economic Studies," Mac-
millan Co. Paper, 50 cts.
State Tax Commissions in the United States. By
James Wilkinson Chapman, Jr. Large 8vo, uncut, pp. 114.
“Johns Hopkins University Studies." Paper, 50 cts.
Tendencies in American Economic Thought. By Sidney
Sherwood, Ph.D. Large 8vo, uncut, pp. 48. Johns
Hopkins University Studies." Paper, 25 cts.
EDUCATION-BOOKS FOR SCHOOL AND
COLLEGE
Journal of Proceedings and Addresses of the 86th Annual
Meeting of the National Educational Association, Held at
Milwaukee, Wis., July, 1897. Large 8vo, pp. 1132. Pub-
lished by the Association.
Report of the Commissioner of Education for the Year
1895–96. Vol. II.; large 8vo, pp. 1200. Government
Printing Office.
An Elementary Spanish Reader. By M. Montrose Ram-
sey. Illus., 16mo, pp. 240. Henry Holt & Co. $1.
Burke's Speech on Conciliation. Edited by Hammond
Lamont. 12mo, pp. 152. “ Athenæum Press Series."
Gipn & Co. 60 cts.
Goethe's Faust. Edited by Calvin Thomas. Vol. II.: The
Second Part. 12mo, pp. 457. D. C. Heath & Co.
Cicero's Laelius de Amicitia. With notes by Charles E.
Bennett. 12mo, pp. 123. Leach, Shewell & Co. 60 cts.
Australia and the Islands of the Sea. By Eva M. C.
Kellogg. Illus., 12mo, pp. 448. The World and its
People.” Silver, Burdett & Co.
Tennyson's The Princess. Edited by Albert S. Cook,
Ph.D. 12mo, pp. 187. Ginn & Co. 50 cts.
Lessons in Botany, for Secondary Schools. By Thomas
H. MacBride. 16mo, pp. 233. Allyn & Bacon.
Elementary Scientific French Reader. By P. Mariotte-
Davies, Ph.D. 12mo, pp. 132. D. C. Heath & Co. 40 cts.
Earth and Sky: A First Grade Nature Reader and Text-
Book. By J. H. Stickney. Illus., 12mo, pp. 115. Ginn
& Co. 35 cts.
High School Geology: Suggestions for Laboratory and
Field Work and Questions for Use with Tarr's Elementary
Geology. By Ralph S. Tarr. 12mo, pp. 100. Macmillan
Co. Paper, 25 cts. net.
Moireau's La Guerre de L'Indépendance en Amérique.
Edited by Alphonse N. Van Daell. 12mo, pp. 59. Ginn
& Co. Paper, 25 cts.
Notes on Brief-Making. By E. M. Hopkins. 8vo, pp. 32.
Lawrence : English Dept. of the University of Kansas.
Paper, 15 cts.
Selections from Washington, Lincoln, and Bryant.
Edited by Harry T. Nightingale. 12mo, pp. 62. Ainsworth
& Co. 15 cts.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Practical Toxicology, for Physicians and Students. By
Prof. Dr. Rudolf Kobert; trans. and edited by L. H.
Friedburg, Ph.D. Large 8vo, pp. 201. Wm. R. Jenkins.
$2.50.
Anniversary Book of the American Revolution. Com-
piled by Mary Shelley Pechin. With portrait, 12mo, gilt
top, uncut, pp. 300. Cleveland: The Helman-Taylor Co.
$1.50.
For My Lady's Desk: A Writing-Desk Book for Every
Day. By Rose Porter. 12mo, pp. 152. E. R. Herrick
& Co. $1.
Daily Souvenirs. Selected by Rose Porter. 16mo, pp. 150.
E. R. Herrick & Co. $1.
The Psychical Correlation of Religious Emotion and
Sexual Desire. By James Weir, Jr., M.D. Second edi-
tion ; 12mo, pp. 338. Louisville : Courier-Journal Job
Printing Co.
Gilgal. By Mrs. Calvin Kryder Reifsnider. With portrait,
24mo, pp. 140. St. Louis : Anna C, Reifsnider Book Co.
50 cts.
REFERENCE.
The Students' Standard Dictionary of the English Lan-
guage. Edited by James C. Fernald and others. Illus.,
large 8vo, pp. 915. Funk & Wagnalls Co. $2. net.
The Daily News Almanac and Political Register for
1898. Compiled by George E. Plumbe, A.B. 12mo,
pp. 447. Chicago Daily News Co. 50 cts.; paper, 25 cts.
The Methodist Year Book, 1898. Edited by A. B. San-
ford, D.D. Illus., 12mo, pp. 142. Eaton & Mains. Paper,
10 cts. net.
NATURE AND SCIENCE.
Bird-Life: A Guide to the Study of our Common Birds. By
Frank M. Chapman; with 75 colored plates by Ernest
Seton Thompson. Large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 195. Ď. Apple-
ton & Co. $5.
1


1898.]
59
THE DIAL
Parquet Floors
Are not only beautiful, durable, and sanitary, but the
plainer styles are inexpensive, costing about the same as
carpet. No expenditure about the home brings a larger
return in comfort, convenience, and cleanliness than that
incurred in the purchase of these floors.
CATALOGUE FREE.
CHICAGO FLOOR CO.,
132 Wabash Avenue,
CHICAGO.
Tel. M. 3390.
.
“BIG FOUR" TO FLORIDA.
VIOLINISTS.
Send for Our Book of OLD VIOLINS (FREE).
It contains historical sketches of the old masters of Cremona
and Brescia from 1540 ; illustrated; with facsimile labels; also
a descriptive list of old violins possessing the pure mellow tone,
costing from $25 to $5,000. A formal Certificate of Genuine-
nons with each violin. Several violins sent on selection when
desired.
LYON & HEALY,
CORNER ADAMS ST. AND WABASH AVE., CHICAGO.
TWENTY-FIVE YEARS' EXPERIENCE
As first-class tailors and drapers, has given us confi-
dence in our ability to give general satisfaction. We can
show you a full line of FALL AND WINTER SUITINGS at
$20 upwards. Overcoats in the latest styles, $20 to $50.
FINN & COMPANY,
No. 296 Wabash Avenue, CHICAGO, ILL.
We would like to have you
EXAMINE AND CRITICIZE
Our large and very handsome stock of Winter suitings,
feeling sure that we can gratify your taste, among our
1001 patterns, and can suit your pocket book with our
business suit price, $15 to $40.
NICOLL THE TAILOR,
Corner Clark and Adams Streets, CHICAGO.
GARRETT NEWKIRK, M.D.,
DENTIST,
31 Washington Street,
CHICAGO.
D. H. FLETCHER.
DIXON & FLETCHER,
Patent Attorneys,
Suite 1541-42 Monadnock Block, CHICAGO.
STORY-WRITERS, Biographers, Historians, Poets - Do
you desire the honest criticism of your
book, or its skilled revision and correction, or advice as to publication ?
Such work, said George William Curtis, is " done as it should be by The
Easy Chair's friend and fellow laborer in letters, Dr. Titus M. Coan."
Terms by agreement. Send for circular D, or forward your book or MS.
to the New York Bureau of Revision, 70 Fifth Ave., Now York.
BEST LINE FROM
CHICAGO AND THE NORTHWEST,
ST. LOUIS, PEORIA,
WEST AND NORTHWEST.
INDIANAPOLIS, and points in INDIANA AND MICHIGAN.
DETROIT AND TOLEDO,
THE LAKE REGION.
BUFFALO, CLEVELAND, COLUMBUS, SPRINGFIELD,
DAYTON, and all Points in OHIO,
Via CINCINNATI OR LOUISVILLE.
Only One Change of Cars.
Elegant Vestibuled Trains of Buffet Parlor Cars, Wagner Sleeping
Cars and Dining Cars. Direct Connections with Through Trains of the
Queen & Crescent Route and Louisville & Nashville R'y without transfor.
TOURIST RATES IN effect.
E. 0. McCORMICK,
D. B. MARTIN,
Pass. Traffic Manager.
Gen. Pass. & Ticket Agt.
T. 8. E. DIXON.
H. A. KELSO, Jr.,
ALBERT E. RUFF,
Director of Piano Department. Director of Vocal Department.
MAY DONNALLY KELSO,
Director of Dramatic Department.
THE
Scarce and Miscellaneous Books. KELSO-RUFF SCHOOL
Americana,
Poems, Fiction, etc.,
Late War,
Religion,
History, Biography, Travel, Botany and Natural History,
OF
Fine Editions,
Political Economy,
Old, Quaint, and Curious,
Spiritualism,
Lectures, Essays, etc.,
Eto., Etc.
Musical and Dramatic Art,
Send stamp for catalogue to A. J. CRAWFORD,
P. 0. Box 317.
312 N. Seventh Street, ST. LOUIS, MO.
HANDEL HALL, CHICAGO,
SEVENTH YEAR. CRITICISM, ADVICE,
REVISION, DISPOSAL. Thorough,
careful attention to MSS. of all kinds. Offers superior advantages to Students desiring
REFERENCES: Noah Brooks, Mrs. Deland,
Mrs. Burton Harrison, Mrs. Julia Ward
instruction in Music, Oratory, or
Howe, W. D. Howells, Mrs. Moulton,
Charles Dudley Warner, Mary E. Wilkins,
the Drama.
and others. For rates, references, and
editorial notices, send stamp to
WILLIAM A. DRESSER, Director, 100 Pierce Building,
Mention The Dial.
Copley Square, Boston, Mass.
Mr. Kelso has just published a new work, in
two books, treating of the Pedals, their relation
to natural movements and to the science of acous-
We solicit correspondence with book-buyers for private and
tics. Signs are employed to indicate the exact
other Libraries, and desire to submit figures on proposed lists.
Our recently revised topically arranged Library List (mailed movements of the wrist used in executing each
gratis on application) will be found useful by those selecting
illustration. They contain many original chap-
titles.
THE BAKER & TAYLOR CO.,
ters on subjects not heretofore formulated for
Wholesale Books, 5 & 7 East 16th St., New York. I teaching purposes. For sale at the School.
uthors
gency
LIBRARIES.


60
[Jan. 16, 1898.
THE DIAL
The Students' Series of English Classics
.
.
Contains COMPLETE and AUTHENTIC EDITIONS of masterpieces from great ENGLISH and AMERICAN AUTHORS.
All numbers are arranged and edited
Especially for Schools by Able Teachers of English.
RECENT ISSUES ARE:
Net price.
SHAKESPEARE'S MACBETH
$0.28
Edited by Dr. JAMES M. GARNETT.
TENNYSON'S THE PRINCESS
.28
Edited by HENRY W. BOYNSON, Philips Academy, Andover.
MILTON'S PARADISE LOST, Books I. and II. .
.28
Edited by ALBERT S. COOK, Yale University.
LONGFELLOW'S EVANGELINE .
.28
Edited by MARY HARRIOTT NORRIS, New York.
LOW ELL'S VISION OF SIR LAUNFAL
.20
Edited by MABEL CALDWELL WILLARD, New Haven.
SOME OTHER BOOKS OF THE SERIES ARE:
Homer's Iliad, Pope's Trans., Books I, VI, XXII, XXIV. De Quincey's Revolt of the Tartars.
Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield.
Tennyson's Elaine.
The Sir Roger de Coverley Papers.
Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice.
Coleridge's Ancient Mariner.
Eliot's Silas Marner.
Carlyle's Essay on Burns.
Macaulay's Essay on Milton and Addison.
Dryden's Palamon and Arcite.
Milton's Lyrics.
Every book of the series is substantially and handsomely bound in cloth. Correspondence solicited.
LEACH, SHEWELL & COMPANY,
11 E. 16th St., New York.
378 WABASH AVE., CHICAGO.
68 Chauncy St., Boston.
HOW TO SEE THE POINT AND PLACE IT.
BOOKS WHEN CALLING, PLEASE ASK FOR
MR. GRANT.
Punctuation Without Rules of Grammar.
AT
WHENEVER YOU NEED A BOOK,
A book of forty pages which teaches punctuation rapidly by example. LIBERAL
Address MR. ORANT.
Many people who have studied English, Latin, and Greek grammar are
DISCOUNTS
very careless and slovenly punctuators. This book is indispensable to
Before buying Books, write for quotations. An
assortment of catalogues, and special slips of
all writers. Memorizing rules and exceptions wastes time and they are
books at reduced prices, will be sent for a ten-cent stamp.
soon forgotten. Also gives rules for placing capital letters and italics,
and preparing manuscripts for publication. By mail, 20 cts.
F. E. GRANT, Books, 23 West 420. Street,
LACONIC PUBLISHING CO., 123 Liberty St., New York.
Mention this advertisement and receive a discount.
400 Recitations and Readings.
JUST OUT.
A handsome book containing 400 of the best Recitations ever issued, 1. Interesting catalogue of choice English and American books in
designed for use in Parlor Entertainments, Reading Clubs, Day and fine bindings, quoting extremely low, tempting prices.
Sabbath Schools, Adult and Juvenile Temperance Organizations, Young 2. London Weekly Circular of Rare Books. Dial readers should send
People's Associations, and Family Reading.
for both.
Bound in Paper Cover. By mail, postpaid, 40 cts.
H. W. HAGEMANN, IMPORTER,
LACONIC PUBLISHING CO., 123 Liberty St., New York.
160 Fifth Avenue, New York.
FOR OBTAINING 100 QUESTIONS upon any play of Shakespeare, THE PATHFINDER is the first and only paper presenting
every week all the history-making
251 Fifth Avenue, New York City. news of the world intelligently digested and logically classified. Send
25 cts. for 13 weeks on trial.
THE PATHFINDER, Washington, D. C.
Joseph Gillott's Steel Pens.
POR GENERAL WRITING, Nos. 404, 332, 604 E. F., 601 E. F., 1044.
FIRST EDITIONS OF MODERN AUTHORS,
FOR FINE WRITING, Nos. 303 and 170 (Ladies' Pen), No. 1.
Including Dickens, Thackeray, Lever, Ainsworth, Stevenson,
POR BROAD WRITING, Nos. 294, 389; Stub Points 849, 983, 1008, Jefferies, Hardy. Books illustrated by G. and R. Cruikshank,
1009, 1010, 1043.
Phiz, Rowlandson, Leoch, etc. The Largest and Choicest Col-
FORJARTISTIC USE in fine drawings, Nos. 659 (Crow Quill), 290, lection offered for Sale in the World. Catalogues issued and
C. 291, 837, 850, and 1000.
sent post free on application. Books bought. -WALTER T.
Other Styles to suit all Hande. Gold Medals at Paris Exposition, SPENCER, 27 New Oxford St., London, W.C., England.
1878 and 1889, and the Award at Chicago, 1893.
Joseph Gillott & Sons, 91 John St., New York.
FRENCH BOOKS.
16 oz, to the lb.
36 in. to the ya. The Standard Blank Books. Readers of French desiring good literature will take pleas.
25 sheets (100 pp.)
ure in reading our ROMANS CHOISIS SERIES, 60 cts. per
to the quire.
Manufactured (for the Trade only) by
vol. in paper and 85 cts, in cloth ; and CONTES CHOISIS
THE BOORUM & PEASE COMPANY.
SERIES, 25 cts. per vol. Each a masterpiece and by a well-
known author. List sent on application. Also complete cata-
Everything, from the smallest pass-book to the largest ledger, suitable
to all purposes - Commercial, Educational, and Household uses. Flat-
logue of all French and other Foreign books when desired.
opening Account Books, under the Frey patent. For sale by all book-
sellers and stationers.
WILLIAM R. JENKINS,
Otices and Salesrooms : 101 & 103 Duane St., NEW YORK CITY. Nos. 851 and 853 Sixth Ave. (cor. 48th St.), NEW YORK.
THE DIAL PRESS, CHICAGO.


0 51
D54
v.24
no. 279
1898
TA
Feb. I,
COLLEGE
THE DENTATE COLLEGE

THE DIALE
Library
UNIVERSITY
A SEMI- MONTHLY JOURNAL OF
Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
315 WARASH AYE.
FRANENSTE. BROWNE.}
) Volume XXIV.
No. 279.
10 cts. a copy.
82. a year.
CHICAGO, FEB. 1, 1898.
ALL OVER THE WORLD
With Popular Authors
A Year from a Reporter's
Picturesque Sicily
Note - Book
By WILLIAM AGNEW PATON. Illustrated from Photographs.
Cr. 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, Uncut Edges, Gilt Top, $2.50.
Ineluding Russia, England, Greece, Cuba, etc. By RICHARD
HARDING Davis. Illustrated by R. CATON WOODVILLE,
"Mr. Paton has written a most thoughtful and altogether
T. DE THULSTRUP, and FREDERIO REMINGTON, and from
interesting volume on Sicily. It will claim more than a pass-
Photographs taken by the Author. Post 8vo, Cloth, Orna-
ing attention, for has the qualities which give it a perma-
nent place in the literature of travel." — Brooklyn Times.
mental, $1.50.
“No man to-day is doing better newspaper work as a
Lin McLean
descriptive correspondent." — Book News (Philadelphia).
“Every sentence in the book is picturesque, and almost all
STORIES OF THE NEWER WEST. By OWEN WISTER.
are instinct with Mr. Davis's sympathetic personality.”.
Illustrated. Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.
Budget (Boston).
“One of the most delightful books of the season, and must
be regarded as a fresh proof that Owen Wister must be re-
White Man's Africa
garded as our foremost artist in the delineation of the life of
By POULTNEY BIGELOW. Illustrated by R. CATON WOOD-
the fast vanishing frontier."- Brooklyn Eagle.
VILLE and FREDERIC REMINGTON, and from Photographs.
Crown 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, Uncut Edges and Gilt Top,
Pony Tracks
$2.50.
ADVENTURES AND EXPERIENCES IN THE FAR WEST. By
“We very much doubt if a better or truer idea can be FREDERIC REMINGTON. Illustrated by the author. 8vo,
gotten from any source of the real situation of affairs, social half-cloth, ornamental, $1.75. (New Edition.)
and political, in South Africa than in these pages. Certain “Every page of Pony Tracks' is delightful; the matter is
it is nowhere will one find the information presented more vigorous, the manner manly and terse, and we know of few
interestingly or attractively." — The Christian Intelligencer books on out-door life and adventure so entirely enjoyable
(New York).
from beginning to end as this one." — Literary World.
Alone in China
And Other Stories. By Ju-
LIAN RALPH. Illustrated
by C. D. WELDON. Post
SOCIAL PICTORIAL SATIRE— Part I.
8vo, cloth, ornamental,
$2.00.
By GEORGE DU MAURIER
One of the very few books
In the first paper Du Maurier speaks with intimate knowledge of the life and works of
which may safely be recom-
John Leech. In the second he will speak of Charles Keene and of himself. Among the
mended to the student of
illustrations are original drawings hitherto unpublished in part, one of which is reproduced
China as being almost neces-
in color as the frontispiece of the number.
sary supplements to more
elaborate works treating of
RODEN'S CORNER. A Novel.- Part II.
its geography and sociology."
-The Spectator (London).
By HENRY SETON MERRIMAN Illustrated by T. DE THULSTRUP
The
PROJECTS FOR AN ISTHMIAN CANAL
Kentuckians
By the Hon. DAVID TURPIE
A Novel. By John Fox, Jr.
Now that a new commission is already on the field for a fresh investigation of the difficulties Illustrated by W.T.SMED
and expense involved in the construction of the Nicaragua Canal, Senator Turpie's article
LEY. Post Svo, cloth, or-
on the subject will be of especial interest as a careful study of the conditions of the problem
namental, $1.25.
from a legislator's point of view.
“It is difficult to decide
whether the matter or the
UNDERCURRENTS OF POLITICAL LIFE IN INDIA. By F. H. SKRINE.
manner of this book deserves
SOME AMERICANS FROM OVERSEA. By KIRK MUNROE. the greater praise. . . . An
FOUR SHORT STORIES. - Roan Barbary. A Novelette by GEORGE HIBBARD.
excellent story for those who
A British Islander. By MARY HARTWELL CATHERWOOD. Illustrated. Martin Far-
read for amusement, and well
roner. By MARGUERITE MERINGTON. Illustrated. An Incident. By SARAH BARNWELL
worthy of the attention of
ELLIOTT. Illustrated.
the students of our much-dis-
cussed American literature."
Thirty-five Cents a Copy ; Four Dollars a Year.
-Critic (New York).
Harper's Magazine for February
HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers, New York and London.


62
[Feb. 1,
THE DIAL
The
Books of Permanent Value. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.'s
The Literary History of the
FEBRUARY BOOKS.
American Revolution.
By Moses Coit TYLER, Professor of American Literature in
Cornell University, author of "A History of American English and Scottish Popular
Literature During the Colonial Time." 2 vols., 8vo, gilt
top, sold separately, each $3.00.
Ballads.
Vol. I., 1763-1776; Vol. II., 1776-1783.
Edited by Prof. F. J. CHILD. Part X., completing the
"It seems to me to be both admirable in its thoroughness and a per-
fect model of the candid treatment of a highly controversial subject. It
work. With a Portrait of Prof. Child and a Biograph-
is full of instruction to both our countries, and will, I am sure, tend ical Sketch by Prof. G. L. KITTREDGE. $5.00 net.
powerfully to the end you have so well indicated in your Preface.” –
The Right Hon. W. E. H. LECKY, M.P.
English and Scottish Popular
The Secret of Hegel.
Ballads.
Being the Hegelian System in Origin, Principle, Form, and Mat-
ter. By JAMES HUTCHISON STIRLING, LL.D., Edin., Foreign Complete in 5 imperial 4to volumes, $50.00 net.
Member of the Philosophical Society of Berlin, First-
Professor Child devoted the labor of years and an un-
Appointed Gifford Lecturer (Edinburgh University, 1888-90).
matched equipment of learning to gathering and editing this
New edition, carefully revised. Royal octavo, $5.00 net.
vast body of material, much of it unknown even to specialists.
“I congratulate author and publishers on the appearance of this new, The result is one of the great achievements in literature.
improved, and more available edition of this important book.
Secret'has already done splendid service for the study of Hegel in
England and America, and, in its improved form, it ought to secure for The Old Rome and the New,
itself a new career."--JAMES SETH, Sage School of Philosophy, Cornell.
and Other Studies.
Burke's Peerage.
By WILLIAM J. STILLMAN, author of “On the Track of
A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage
and Baronetage. Together with Memoirs of the Privy-
Ulysses.” Crown 8vo, $2.00.
Councillors and Knights. By Sir BERNARD BURKE, C.B.,
This is a volume of varied interest, historical, biographical,
LL.D., Ulster_King of Arms, author of “The Landed artistic, and literary.
Gentry," eto. Edited by his Son. Sixtieth edition, revised
and brought up to date. Very thick royal 8vo, $10.00 net. Birds of Village and Field.
An indispensable work to all those desiring full information respect-
ing the lineage and families of the titled aristocracy of Great Britain
A Bird Book for Beginners. By FLORENCE A. MER-
and Ireland.
RIAM, author of “ Birds Through an Opera-Glass,"
The Encyclopedia of Sport. “ A-Birding on a Bronco," etc. Very fully illustrated,
Edited by the Earl of Suffolk and Berkshire, HEDLEY PEEK, 12mo, $2.00.
and F. G. AFLALO. The first volume of this important A capital book for beginners in bird study. The descrip-
work is now ready. Royal 8vo, about 600 pages, with many tions of 154 birds are clear, and pictures of many of them are
hundred illustrations in the text, and 20 full-page photo given.
gravure plates. Cloth, $10.00 net; half levant, $15.00 net.
"In the 'Encyclopedia of Sport 'sportsmen have in a concrete form a
Letters of Victor Hugo.
veritable alphabet of sport worthy of the subject and invaluable as a book
of constant reference - it is specially clear, concise, and full."-Outing.
Second Series. Edited by PAUL MEURICE. 8vo, $3.00.
Both series, $6.00.
Nippur;
This series includes Hugo's letters in exile to Ledru-Rollin,
Or, Explorations and Adventures on the Euphrates. The Mazzini, Garibaldi, and Lamartine, with many of curious
Narrative of the University of Pennsylvania Expedition to autobiographical and literary interest.
Babylonia in the years 1888–1890. By JOHN PUNNETT
PETERS, D.D., Director of the Expedition. Second edition.
With over 100 illustrations and maps. Two vols., sold
The King of the Town.
separately, Svo, each $2.50.
A Novel. By ELLEN MACKEEBIN. 16mo, cloth, $1.00;
"A splendid work, which is to be classed among the most remarkable
of modern archæological researches." —N. Y. Times.
paper, 50 cts.
A fresh and stirring story of army and frontier life by one
Heroes of the Nations.
who is intimately acquainted with it and tells a story very
(23 Volumes Now Ready.)
well indeed.
Biographical studies of the lives and work of certain leaders
An Elusive Lover.
of men, about whom have gathered the great traditions
of the nations to which they belonged, and who have been A Novel. By VIRNA Woods. 16mo, cloth, $1.00;
accepted as types of the several national ideals. Edited by
EVELYN ABBOTT, M.A., Balliol College, Oxford. Profusely
illustrated. Large 12mo, cloth extra, each $1.50; half
A capital story of California, such as Stevenson might have
written. It has elements of uncommon interest, a fine assort-
leather, each $1.75.
The two latest volumes in this series are “The Cid Campeador,"
ment of mystery, a satisfactory clearing-up, and sustained
by H. B. CLARKE, and “Robert E. Lee," by HENRY A. WHITE.
readableness.
“The fascinating series, 'Heroes of the Nations." "-Literary World.
The Children of the Future.
Story of the Nations.
By Nora A. SMITH, author (with Mrs. Wiggin) of
(49 Volumes Now Ready.)
A series of Graphic Historical Studies. Each narrative is
“ The Republic of Childhood," "The Story Hour.”
complete in one volume, profusely illustrated, and contain 16mo, $1.00.
ing maps and plans. Large 12mo, cloth extra, each $1.50; A valuable little book, the direct outgrowth of the author's
half leather, each $1.75.
experience as a trained teacher. Excellent for mothers,
The next two volumes in this series are "The Story of Modern teachers, and all who have to do with children.
France," by André Lebon, and "The Building of the British
Empire" (in two vols.), by ALFRED THOMAS STORY.
"A most admirable series." - London Spectator.
Sold by Booksellers. Sent, postpaid, by
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS,
HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & Co.,
New York and London.
BOSTON, MASS.
paper, 50 cts.


1898.]
63
THE DIAL
-
Historical Works of
of Permanent Value
Published by The Macmillan Company.
THE UNITED STATES–ENGLAND-FRANCE.
A Students' History of the
United States.
By Professor EDWARD CHANNING, of
Harvard University, author of "The
United States of America, 1765–1865.”
With maps, illustrations, etc.
Cloth, crown 8vo, $1.40 net.
Ample lists of references, general read-
ings, suggestive questions, and illustra-
tive material make this book peculiarly
valuable to the general reader.
South Carolina Under the
Proprietary Government,
1670-1719.
By EDWARD MOCRADY, Vice-President
of the Historical Society of South Car-
olina, etc. Cloth, crown 8vo, $3.50 net.
The story is told vividly, yet with true
legal accuracy, and the work as a whole
is one which cannot be considered as be-
longing to one State alone, but as a part
of and an important contribution to the
nation's history.
The
American Commonwealth.
By the Right Honorable JAMES BRYCE,
D.C.L., author of “The Holy Roman
Empire," eto. Revised Edition. Two
vols, in a box. Cloth, 8vo, $4.00 net.
Four entirely new chapters are added
in which the author discusses The Tam-
many Ring in New York City, The Pres-
ent and Future, The South Since the
War, and The Home of the Nation.
A Students' Edition of
• The American Common-
wealth.”
Revised by the author, with the assist-
ance of Prof. JESSE MACY, of Iowa
College. Cloth, one volume, $1.75 net.
A re-statement, in a form carefully
adapted to students' use, of a work so
valuable that a knowledge of it is con-
ceded to be indispensable to anyone who
would acquire a just estimate of Amer-
ican institutions.
Essays on the Civil War and
Reconstruction,
and Related Topics.
By WILLIAM A. DUNNING, Professor of
History, Columbia University.
Cloth, 8vo, $2.00.
Its chief aim is to present in an impar-
tial manner the most notable phases of
the Constitutional development of the
United States during the troubled years
from 1861 to 1870.
American History
Told by Contemporaries.
Edited by ALBERT BUSHNELL HART,
Professor of History, Harvard Uni-
versity.
Cloth, $7.00 per set of 4 vols.
Price of Vol. I. alone, $2.00.
Vol. I. ERA OF COLONIZATION.
(1492–1689.) Ready.
Vol. II. BUILDING THE REPUB-
LIC. (1689–1783.)
Vol. III. NATIONAL EXPANSION.
(1783–1845.)
Vol. IV. WELDING OF THE NA-
TION. (1846–1896.)
The first volume is now ready, the
second is to appear in February, while
two others are in preparation.
This series is made up entirely from
the original sources of American history,
the records and narratives of men who
witnessed and shared in the events which
they describe. The collected extracts
give a general account of the times from
the first voyages until now.
The United States :
An Outline of Political
History, 1492–1871.
By GOLDWIN SMITH, D.C.L., author of
“Guesses at the Riddle of Existence,”
eto. Fourth Edition.
Cloth, 8vo, $2.00.
“Is a literary masterpiece, as reada-
ble as a novel, remarkable for its com-
pression without dryness, and its bril-
liancy without any rhetorical effort or
display.”—The Nation.
The Economic History of
Virginia in the
Seventeenth Century.
By PHILIP ALEXANDER BRUCE, author
of “The Plantation Negro as a Free-
man," Corresponding Secretary of the
Virginia Historical Society, eto.
Two vols., 8vo, cloth, $6.00.
A great work. From beginning to
end I found it absorbingly interesting.
It is completely satisfactory. It leaves
me with the conviction that the subject
has been bandled fully and finally. Oth-
ers may follow and do service. Mr. Bruce
has discovered and established his do-
main, and that is his for all time. He
has made a book which will be always
a part of the history of Virginia." -
THOMAS NELSON PAGE,
Select Documents
Illustrative of the History
of the United States,
1776-1861.
Edited by WILLIAM MACDONALD, Pro-
fessor of History and Political Science,
Bowdoin College. Cloth, 8vo, $2.25.
The selections, ninety in number, cov-
er the period from 1776 to 1861 – from
the adoption of the Declaration of In-
dependence to the outbreak of the Civil
War. The documents are given either
in full or in significant extracts, as their
nature and importance seem to indicate.
Each is prefaced by a brief introduction
and select bibliography.
The English Constitution :
A Commentary on its Nature
and Growth.
By JESSE MAOY, M.A., Professor of Po-
litical Science, Iowa College.
Cloth, 8vo, $2.00 net.
**Professor Macy's book on the En-
glish Constitution is one of great and
unique interest. In the first place, it is
the first work on the subject written by
an American. Secondly, it is one
of the few works, and as far as I know
the most complete and thorough, which
seek to penetrate behind formulæ to the
living forces of national life." – Prof.
W. J. ASHLEY, of Harvard University.
The Growth of the French
Nation.
By GEORGE BURTON ADAMS, Professor
of History in Yale University.
Cloth, crown 8vo, $1.25.
"Mr. Adams has dealt in a fascinat-
ing way with the chief features of the
Middle Age, and his book is rendered
the more attractive by some excellent
illustrations. He traces the history of
France from the Conquests by the Ro-
mans and Franks down to the presidency
of M. Félix Faure, and has always some-
thing to say that is clear and to the
point.”—The Educational Review.
France.
By J. E. COURTENAY BODLEY, M.A.
Cloth, demy 8vo. In preparation.
In two medium octavo volumes Mr.
Bodley aims to give a concise descrip-
tion of the country, its people and insti-
tutions, rendering a service to students
similar to the invaluable aid rendered
by such works as Bryce's " American
Commonwealth " or Green's “Short
History of the English People," eto.
THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW.
J. FRANKLIN JAMESON, Professor of History in Brown University, Managing Editor.
Issued quarterly. Single number, $1.00. Annual subscription, $3.50. Volumes I. and II., bound in half morocco, $4.00 net.
Send for a circular showing the contents of these volumes.
Send in your subscription for the new year, beginning with the October number, to
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, No. 66 Fifth Avenue, New York.


64
(Feb. 1, 1898.
THE DIAL
D. Appleton & Company's New Books
3
MODERN ENGLISH LITERATURE.
By EDMUND GOSSE, Hon. M.A. of Trinity College, Cambridge.
Literatures of the World Series. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
"Mr. Gosee has been remarkably successful in bringing into focus
and proportion the salient features of this vast and varied theme. We
have read the book not only with pleasure but with a singular emotion."
- London Daily Chronicle.
“Mr. Gosse's most ambitious book and probably his best. It bears
on every page the traces of a genuine love for his subject, and of a
lively critical intelligence. Really a remarkable performance."
London Times.
FRENCH LITERATURE.
By EDWARD DOWDEN, D.Litt., LL.D., D.C.L., Professor of
English Literature in the University of Dublin. Literatures
of the World Series. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
“Certainly the best history of French literature in the English lan-
guage." - London Alhenceum.
“This is a history of literature as histories of literature should be
written. . . . Can be read with pleasure even by those for whom a
history has in itself little attraction." - London Saturday Review.
ANCIENT GREEK LITERATURE.
By GILBERT MURRAY, M.A., Professor of Greek in the
University of Glasgow. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
"Professor Murray has written an admirable book, clear in its
arrangement, compact in its statements, and is one, we think, its least
scholarly reader must feel an instructive and thoroughly trustworthy
piece of literary criticism." - New York Mail and Express.
EVOLUTIONAL ETHICS AND ANIMAL
PSYCHOLOGY.
By E. P. EVANS, author of " Animal Symbolism in Ecclesiag.
tical Architecture," etc. 12mo, cloth, $1.75.
This book describes the evolution of ethics, or the growth of rules of
conduct in primitive human societies, particularly with reference to
man's ideas regarding the lower animals and his treatment of them.
The first part, on Evolutional Ethics, discusses that conduct of tribal
society, the influence of religious belief on it in the course of evolution,
and man's ethical relations to the animals, closing with a chapter on the
doctrine of metempsychosis. The second part, on Animal Psychology,
treats of manifestations of mind in the brute as compared with those in
man, the possibility of progress in the lower animals, their powers of
ideation, and speech as a barrier between man and beast. On the
scientific foundation which he thus aims to construct the author bases
a claim for the recognition of the rights of animals, which he regards
as subordinate only to the rights of our fellow-men. The book is spiced
with interesting anecdote, and is exceedingly readable.
MEMORY AND ITS CULTIVATION.
By F. W. EDRIDGE-GREEN, M.D., F.R.C.S., author of
“Colour-Blindness and Colour-Perception," etc. Vol. 78,
International Scientific Series. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
Memory is the most important function of the brain; without it life
would be a blank. Our knowledge is all based on memory. Every
thought, every action, our very conception of personal identity, is based
on memory. Without memory, all experience would be useless ; reason-
ing would be based on insufficient data, and would be, therefore, falla-
cious. In this volume the author demonstrates that memory is a definite
faculty, and has its seat in the basal ganglia of the brain, separato from
but associated with all the other faculties of the brain.
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF SUGGESTION.
A Research into the Subconscious Nature of Man and Society.
By BORIS SIDIS, M.A., Ph.D., Associate in Psychology at
the Pathological Institute of the New York State Hospitals.
With an Introduction by Prof. WILLIAM JAMES, of Harvard
University. Illustrated, 12mo, cloth, $1.75.
"A fascinating study. . . . It handles the subjects of hypnotism,
double personality, and the subconscious self in an exhaustive and
scientific, but none the less popular style.” – New York Herald.
“A book to make a vivid and lasting impression upon its readers.
It is in every sense a fascinating work and novel in the extreme." -
Cincinnati Commercial-Tribune.
VARIOUS FRAGMENTS.
By HERBERT SPENCER. Large 12mo, cloth, $1.25.
Along with a considerable variety of other matter, these "Frag-
ments" include a number of replies to criticisms, among which will be
found some of the best specimens of Mr. Spencer's controversial writ-
inge, notably his letter to the London Athenaeum on Professor Huxley's
famous address on Evolutionary Ethics. His views on copyright,
national and international, “Social Evolution and Social Duty," and
“Anglo-American Arbitration," also form a part of the contents.
CRUSOE'S ISLAND.
A Bird-Hunter's Story. A new volume in Appletons' Home-
Reading Books. By FREDERICK A. OBER, author of
Camps in the Caribbees," Travels in Mexico," etc.
Illustrated, 12mo, cloth, 65 cts. net.
In this book the author gives a description of the veritable island in
which Robinson Crusoe lived his lonely life, the scene of his wreck, bis
cave, his bower, his Man Friday, the birds and trees he saw, or ought
to have seen, together with a narrative of the author's own experiences
in the wilds of Tobago; and his life for a time was much like the
original Crusoe's. It is a book of unusual interest to both old and
young
A PRINCE OF MISCHANCE.
By T. GALLON, author of "Tatterley." No. 234, Appletons'
Town and Country Library. 12mo, cloth, $1.00; paper, 50c.
The most blasé reader will find it impossible to follow the part which
the “Prince of Mischance" played in the lives of others without closely
realizing the originality of the author's attitude toward his work and
the subtlety of his characterizations. The story is one of to-day,
although modern realities are invested with a romantic and imaginative
atmosphere, and the scene passes in an English seashore town, in Lon-
don, and on the Continent.
A FIERY ORDEAL.
By TASMA, author of “ Not Counting the Cost," etc. No. 233,
Town and Country Library, 12mo, cloth, $1.00; paper, 50 cts.
In this interesting story the talented author has utilized certain
dramatic possibilities of the life of the antipodes which she has known
80 well. It is a story of incident as well as analysis, and is certain to
gain a wide popularity.
NEW EDITION OF
THE GOD IN THE CAR.
By ANTHONY HOPE. New edition, uniform with “The
Chronicles of Count Antonio." 12mo, cloth, $1.25.
In a recent interview Mr. Hope expressed his personal preference
for "The God in the Car" among all his books.
"The God in the Car' is just as clever, just as distinguished in
style, just as full of wit, and of what nowadays some persons like better
than wit