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196
[March 16,
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---


1898.]
197
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cott Co.)


198
[March 16,
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Taylor, Vol. II., completing the work, $4.50.- Unforeseen
Tendencies in Democracy, by Edwin L. Godkin. - Wash-
ington versus Jefferson, by Moses M. Granger, $1.25.
(Houghton, Mifflin & Co.)
Criminology Series," new vol.: Political Crime, by Louis
Proal. - Evolution and Effort, by Edmond Kelly, new
edition, with additions. (D. Appleton & Co.)
“Library of Economics and Politics,” new vols.: Working-
men's Insurance, by William F. Willoughby, $1.75; Con-
gressional Committees, by Lauros G. McConachie, Ph.D.
(T. Y. Crowell & Co.)
“Victorian Era Series," edited by J. Holland Rose, M.A.,
first vols.: The Rise of Democracy, by J. Holland Rose;
The Anglican Revival, by J. H. Overton, D.D.; John
Bright, by C. A. Vince, M.A.; per vol., $1.25. (H. S.
Stone & Co.)
Women and Economics, by Charlotte Perkins Stetson, $1.50.
(Small, Maynard & Co.)
Ionja, land of wise men and fair women, by Alexander Craig,
illus. by J. C. Lyendecker, $1.25. (Weeks Pub'g Co.)
Finance and Politics, by Henry Clews, $3. (Lamson, Wolffe,
& Co.)
Reality, or Law and Order vs. Anarchy and Socialism, a reply
to Edward Bellamy, $2. (Burrows Bros. Co.)
Sociology Applied to Politics, by Prof. Dr. F. Sigel, 25 cts.
Political and Municipal Legislation in 1897, by Dr. E. Dana
Durand, 25 cts. — The Proposed Reforms of the Monetary
System, by Prof. Joseph French Johnson, 25 cts. - The
Place of the Political and Social Sciences in Modern Edu-
cation, by Prof. Edmund J. James, new edition, 25 cts.
(Am. Academy of Political and Social Science.)
THEOLOGY AND RELIGION.
The Dictionary of the Bible, edited by Rev. T. K. Cheyne,
LL.D., and J. Sutherland Black, LL.D.-The Vitality of
Christian Dogmas and their Power of Evolution, by Dr.
A. Sabatier, trans from the French by Mrs. S. Christen,
with preface by the Hon. W. H. Fremantle. -Studies in
Christology, by Rev. A. M. Fairbairn.—"Jewish Library,"
new vols.: Aspects of Rabbinic Theology, by Dr.'s.
Schechter; The Jewish Prayer Book, by Rev. S. Singer.-
• Modern Reader's Bible," edited by Richard G. Moulton,
M.A., new vols.: The Gospel of St. Luke, the Acts of the
Apostles, and the Pauline Epistles, 2 vols.; The Gospel,
Epistles, and Revelation to St. John, 1 vol.; per vol., 50 cts.
(Macmillan Co.)
A Dictionary of the Bible, edited by James Hastings, M.A.,
and others, 4 vols., each $6. net. - -The Christian Pastor
and the Working Church, by Washington Gladden, D.D.,
$2.50 net. — Outlines of Christian Theology, by W. N.
Clarke, D.D. - Sermons to Young Men, by Henry Van
Dyke, D.D., $1.25. (Chas. Scribner's Sons.)
History of the Roman Breviary, by Pierre Batiffol, Litt.D.,
trans. by Atwell M. Y. Baylay, M.A., with a new preface
by the author. - Jesus and the Resurrection, addresses for
Good Friday and Easter, by the Rev. Alfred G. Mortimer,
D.D., $1.25. (Longmans, Green, & Co.)
Jewish Religious Life after the Exile, third series in the course
of American Lectures on the History of Religions, by Rev.
T. K. Cheyne, M.A. (G. P. Putnam's Sons.)
“The Polychrome Bible," new vols.: The Book of Ezekial,
trans. by C. H. Toy; The Book of Leviticus, trans. by
S. R. Driver, D. D.-The Clerical Life, a series of letters
to ministers, by various writers, $1.25.- The Companions
of the Sorrowful Way, by Ian Maclaren, 75 cts. The
Mystery of Life, a study of the Christian revelation, by
Henry E. Richards, $1.25.- The Holy Father and the
Living Christ, by Rev. Peter Taylor Forsyth, D.D., 50 cts.
-Forty Days of the Risen Life, by Rev. J. Boyd Carpen-
ter, 50 cts. net. (Dodd, Mead, & Co.)
Selfhood and Service, by David Beaton, $1.-The Prepara-
tion for Christianity in the Ancient World, by R. M. Wen-
ley, Sc.D., 75 cts.- Apostolic and Modern Missions, by
Rev. Chalmers Martin, A.M., $1.-Object Lessons for
Junior Work, by Ella N. Wood, illus., 50 cts. -Our Re
demption, its Need, Method, and Result, by Frederick A.
Noble, D.D., $1.25.- The Pew to the Pulpit, by David J.
Brewer, LL.D., 25 cts.- Papers on the Lord's Coming, by
C. H. M., 15 cts. (F. H. Revell Co.)
Half Hours with the Christ, by Thomas Moses, $1.- The
Attractive Christ, and other sermons, by R. S. McArthur,
D.D., $1.25.-The Bremen Lectures, trans. from the Ger
man by Dr. Heagle, D.D., $1.50. — The New Testament
Church, by W. H. H. Marsh, D.D., $2.-A History of the
Baptist Churches in the United States, by A. H. Newman,
D.D., $1.75.-History of the Baptists in the Middle States,
by Prof. Henry C. Vedder, $1.25. (Am. Baptist Pub'n
Society.)
The Manifestations of the Risen Christ, their methods and
their meanings, by the Right Rev. William Croswell Doane,
D.D., 75 cts. The Bible References of John Ruskin, se-
lected, by permission of the author, and arranged by Mary
and Ellen Gibbs, $1.25. (Oxford University Press.)
The Topical Psalter, arranged, for responsive reading, by Syl-
vanus B. Warner, D.D., 25 cts. - The Mistakes of Inger
soll, by Rev. Thomas McGrady. -Christ and the Critics,
by Rev. R. J. Cooke. (Curts & Jennings.)
Selfhood and Service, by David Beaton, $1.–The Prepara-
tion for Christianity in the Ancient World, by R. M. Wen-
ley, Sc.D., 75 cts.-Apostolic and Modern Missions, by
Rev. Chalmers Martin, A.M., $1.-Object Lessons for
Junior Work, by Ella N. Wood, illus., 50 cts.-Our Re-
demption, its Need, Method, and Result, by Frederick A.
Noble, D.D., $1.25.–The Pew to the Pulpit, by David J.
Brewer, LL.D., 25 cts. - Papers on the Lord's Coming, by
C. H. M., 15 cts. (F. H. Revell Co.)
The Sacred Books of the East, edited by Prof. F. Max Mül-
ler, American edition, Vol. II., The Sacred Laws of the
Aryas, trans. by Georg Bühler, $2.50. (Christian Litera-
ture Co.)
Biblical Museum, Genesis to Kings I., by George M. Adams,
D.D., $2.-“ Biblical Series, ' first vols.: The Herods, by
Dean Farrar; The Women of the Old Testament, by F. R.
Horton, D.D.; per vol., $1.--Suggestive Illustrations, On
Acts, by F. N. Peloubet, D.D., $1.25.- The Earnest Com-
municant, by Ashton Oxenden, D.D., new edition, revised
by Thomas P. Hughes, D.D., 35 cts. (E. R. Herrick & Co.)
History of the American Episcopal Church, by S. D. McCon-
nell, D.D., seventh edition, revised and enlarged, $2.-The
Construction of the Bible, by Rev. Walter F. Adeney,
M.A., 50 cts.-The Gate Called Beautiful, an institute in
Christian sociology, by Edward A. Warriner, $1.50.
(Thos. Whittaker.)
Addresses to Women Engaged in Church Work, by the
Rt. Rev. Henry C. Potter, D.D.- Selections from the
Works of Bishop Thorold, with portrait, $1,50. (E. P.
Dutton & Co.)
The Preparation and Delivery of Sermons, by John A.
Broadus, D.D., new edition, revised by Prof. E. C. Dar-
gan, D.D., $1.75. (A. C. Armstrong & Son.)


1898.]
199
THE DIAL
Lao-Tze's Tao-Teh-King, Chinese-English, edited by Dr.
Paul Carus, $3.—The Gospel according to Darwin, by Dr.
Woods Hutchinson, $1.50. (Open Court Pub'g Co.)
Christ in the Daily Meal, or What Was the Lord's Command
concerning the Breaking of Bread ? by Norman Fox, D.D.
(Fords, Howard & Hulbert.)
Thanksgivings after Communion, compiled by a layman.
(R. Ř. Russell.)
EDUCATION.— BOOKS FOR SCHOOL AND COLLEGE.
The Meaning of Education, by Nicholas Murray Butler,
Ph.D.-A Source Book of American History, by Albert
Bushnell Hart.- A History of Greece for High Schools and
Academies, by George Willis Botsford, Ph.D.- The
Sources of Greek History, by Anna Boynton Thompson.
Topics on Greek and Roman History, by A. L. Goodrich.
History for the Elementary Schools, by Mrs. L. L. Wil-
son, Ph.D., in 2 parts.- Studies in American Literature,
by Charles O. Noble.-A Primary Arithmetic, by J. A.
McLellan, LL.D., and A. F. Ames, A.B.- Plane and
Spherical Trigonometry, by J. W. Nicholson, LL.D.-
Outlines of Industrial Chemistry, by Frank Hall Thorp,
Ph.D.-Kroeh's Three Year Preparatory Course in French,
by Charles F. Kroeb, A.M., Second and Third Years!
Courses.-A Handbook of Nature Study, by D. Lange.-
A Nature Reader for Elementary Schools, by L. L. W.
Wilson, Ph.D., illus. _in colors, etc.-Physiography for
High School Use, by Ralph S. Tarr,B.S." Macmillan's
Classical Series," new vols.: Selections from Plato, edited
by Lewis L. Forman, Ph.D.; Selected Letters of Pliny,
edited by Elmer Truesdell Merrill, M.A.-Macmillan's
Elementary Latin-English Dictionary, by. G. H. Nall,
M.A.-“ Macmillan's German Classics," edited by Water-
man T. Hewett, Ph.D., 9 new vols. (Macmillan Co.)
"Athenæum Press Series," new vols.: Select Poems of Shel.
ley, edited by W.J. Alexander; Select Poems of William
Cowper, edited by James O. Murray, D.D.; Select Poems
of Burns, edited by John G. Dow. - A Guide to the Study
of Fiction, by Charity Dye.- Gibbon's Memoirs, edited
by Oliver Farrar Emerson, A.M.-Selections from Mme.
Sévigné's Letters, edited by James A. Harrison, LL.D.-
George Eliot's Silas Marner, edited by R. Adelaide
Witham.- Dryden's Palamon and Arcite, edited by
George E. Eliot.- Coleridge's Rime of the Ancient Mari-
ner, edited by Lincoln R. Gibbs.- Selections from Pope's
translation of the Iliad, edited by William Tappan.-
“ Ethical Series," new vol., Hobbes, edited by Prof. E.
Hershey Sneath.-The New Century Speaker, selected and
adapted by Henry Allyn Frink, Ph.D.-Seed-Travellers,
by Clarence Moores Weed, illus. — Caesar, Book I., edited
by A. W. Roberts.- Course in German Composition, Con-
versation, and Grammar Review, by Dr. Wilhelm Bern-
hardt.-Auszüge aus Luthers Schriften, edited by W. H.
Carruth.-The Captivi and Trinummus of Plautus, edited
by Prof. E. P. Morris.-A Text-Book of Physics, by G. A.
Wentworth and G. A. Hill.-The Mason School Music
Course, 2 books, with teacher's manual.-Hazen's Grade
Spellers, by M. W. Hazen, 2 books. (Ginn & Co.)
The Contribution of the Oswego Normal School to Educa-
tional Progress in the United States, edited by A. P. Hollis,
$1.-Dryden's Palamon and Arcite, edited by William H.
Crawshaw.- Goldsmith's The Vicar of Wakefield, edited
by William Henry Hudson. - The Sir Roger de Coverley
Papers from "The Spectator,” edited by William H. Hud-
son.—The Essentials of Argumentation, by Edward J. Mc-
Ewan.- Rhetorio and Oratory, by Rev. F.J. X. O'Conor.
Shakespeare's Coriolanus, edited by Edmund K. Cham-
bers, 40 cts. — The Little Learner's Book, illus, in colors.
-A Nature Primer, by Florence M. Bass.- Some People
in our Yard, a book about birds, by Elizabeth J. Grinnell.
- Gymnastic Stories and Plays, by Rebecca J. Stoneroad.
- A Laboratory Course in Experimental Psychology, by
Dr. Edmund C. Sanford, $1.50.- Baumbach's Nicotiana
and Andere Erzahlungen, edited by Dr. Bernhardt.-Marie
von Ebner-Eschenbach's Die Freiherren von Gemperlein
und Krambambali, edited by Prof. Hohlfeld. - Von Wil-
denbruch's Das edle Blat, edited by Prof. F.G. G. Schmidt.
-About's Le Roi des Montagnes, edited by Prof. Thomas
Logie. (D. C. Heath & Co.)
“ International Education Series,” new vol.: Psychologic
Foundations of Education, by Dr. William T. Harris.
(D. Appleton & Co.)
An Anglo-Saxon Reader, selections in prose and poetry for
beginners, with glossary, by W. M. Baskervill.-Later En-
glish Plays, edited by Prof. Calvin S. Brown. (A. S.
Barnes & Co.)
Educational Papers of the late Francis A. Walker, edited by
Prof. James P. Monroe. -"English Readings,” new vol.:
Dryden's Essays on the Drama, edited by W. Strunk, Jr.-
Plant Life, by Prof. C. R. Barnes, illus.-An Elementary
Botany, by Prof. G. F. Atkinson, illus. – Schiller's Tell,
edited by Prof. A. H. Palmer, illus.--Ohnet's La Fille du
Depute, edited by George A. D. Beck. (Henry Holt & Co.)
Verbes Frangaise demandant des Prepositions, by F. J. A.
Darr.- Catherine, Catherinette, et Catarine, by Arsene
Alexandre, arranged for reading classes by Agnes Godfrey
Gay, illus. in colors. - Dopa Quichotte, by Henri Michaud,
10 cts.- Blanks for Conjugation of the German Verb, by
B. Muscovitz. - Blanks for Conjugation or Synopses of
Greek Verbs, by H. C. Havens. (Wm. R. Jenkins.)
A New Geometry, by Prof. Webster Wells.-"Students' Se-
ries of English Classics," new vol.: Selected Poems from
Byron, edited by Charles M. Stebbins.-Latin Prose Com-
position Exercises, designed to accompany Whicher's“ Viri
Romae," by George L. Plimpton. (Leach, Shewell & Co.)
Werner's Arithmetio, Book II., by Prof. Frank H. Hall.-
De Garmo and Brown's Grammar, by Prof. Charles De
Garmo and Prof. George P. Brown. — Robinson Crusoe,
edited by Dr. Charles De Garmo.- The Stories of Patrick
Henry, Alexander Hamilton, Andrew Jackson, and Ulysses
S. Grant, each by Mrs. Alma Holman Burton. (Werner
School Book Co.)
“Maynard's English Classic Series," new vols.: Dryden's
Palamon and Arcite, Holmes's Poems, Kingsley's The
Water Babies, Thomas Hood's Poems, Tennyson's The
Palace of Art and Other Poems, Browning's Poems, sec-
one series, each with portrait. (Maynard, Merrill & Co.)
SURGERY AND MEDICINE.
Mammalian Anatomy, as a preparation for human and com-
parative anatomy, by Horace Jayne, M.D., Vol. I., Mam-
malian Osteology, illus., $5. Det.- A Manual of Dissection
and Histology, by George H. French. System of Diseases
of the Eye, by various authors, edited by William F.
Norris and Charles A. Oliver, Vol. III., illus., $5.- The
Nervous System and its Diseases, by Charles K. Mills,
M.D., illus., $6.- A Blood Chart, for clinical and labora-
tory use, designed by Dr. J. C. Da Costa, Jr. (J. B. Lip-
pincott Co.)
The Diseases and Injuries of the Lungs and Pleura, by James
Kingston Fowler, M.A., and Rickman J. Godlee, M.B.,
illus.- Essentials of Practical Bacteriology, by Henry J.
Curtis, M.D., illas. (Longmans, Green, & Co.)
Electricity in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diseases of the
Nose, Throat, and Ear, by W. Scheppegrell, A.M., illus.
(G. P. Putnam's Sons.)
Veterinary Obstetrics, by W. H. Dalrymple, M.R.C.V.S.,
illus., $2.50. - A Treatise on Veterinary Therapeutics of
the Domestic Animals, by Prof. P.J. Cadiot and J. Alvary,
trans. by A. Liautard, M.D.V.S., Part I., Vol. I. (Wm.
R. Jenkins.)
Chavasse's Advice to a Wife on the Management of her Health,
revised to date, by Fancourt Burnes, $1.-Chavasse's Ad-
vice to a Mother on the Management of her Children, re-
vised edition, $1.00. (Geo. Routledge & Sons.)
REFERENCE.
Soule's Dictionary of English Synonymes and Synonymous or
Parallel Expressions, edited by Prof. George H. Howison.
(Little, Brown, & Co.)
Gasc's French Dictionary, new library edition, much enlarged.
(Henry Holt & Co.)
The Bookman's Literary Year-Book, a guide to the literature
of the year, illus., $1.25. (Dodd, Mead & Co.)
Appletons' Annual Cyclopædia. (D. Appleton & Co.)
Shattuck's Advanced Rules, for large assemblies, by Harriett
R. Shattuck, 50 cts. (Lee & Shepard.)
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
Complete Works of Thackeray, “Biographical" edition, com-
prising additional material and hitherto unpublished let-
ters, sketches, and drawings, edited by the author's sur-
viving daughter, Mrs. Richmond Ritchie, 13 vols., illus.,
per vol., $1.50. — The Rise of the Dutch Republic, by John
Lothrop Motley, condensed and edited by William Elliot
Griffis, illus., $1.75. (Harper & Bros.)
Works of Lord Byron, edited by Ernest Hartley Coleridge
and Rowland E. Prothero, with the coöperation of the Earl
of Lovelace, Vols. I. and II., each illas., per vol., $1.75.-
Complete Works of George Meredith, popular edition, with
frontispieces, per vol., $1.50.-Stories of Foreign Authors,
10 vols., each 75 cts. (Chas. Scribner's Sons.)


200
[March 16,
THE DIAL
MISCELLANEOUS.
Reminiscences of the Old Navy, from the journals and pri-
vate papers of Captain Edward Trenchard and Rear
Admiral Stephen Decatur Trenchard, by Edgar Stanton
Maclay, with portraits.-The Art of War, by C. W.Oman,
M.A. - Led On, Step by Step. scenes in the South, 1828–
1897, by A. Toomer Porter, D.D., illus., $1.50.- The Cross
in Tradition, History, and Art, by William Wood Seymour,
illus. – Some Common Errors of Speech, by Alfred G.
Compton. (G. P. Putnam's Sons.)
All the World's Fighting Ships, by F. C. Jane, illus. (Little,
Brown, & Co.)
Facts about Bookworms, their history in literature and work
in libraries, by Rev. J. F. O'Conor, illus., limited edition,
82. pet. – The Wills of the Smith Family of New York
and Long Island prior to 1784, edited by William S. Pell-
etreau. °(Francis P. Harper.)
Bird Gods in Ancient Europe, by Charles de Kay, illus. (A.S.
Barnes & Co.)
Discoveries and Inventions of the 19th Century, by Robert
Routledge, new edition, revised and enlarged, illus., $3.
(Geo. Routledge & Sons.)
Rational Home Gymnastics, for the "well' and the "sick,"
by Hartvig Nissen, illus., $1. (Richard G. Badger & Co.)
Vibration, a series of vital gymnastics, by W. H. Williams,
$1.25. - The Temple of the Rosy Cross, by F. B. Dowd,
Part II., Regeneration, $1. (Temple Pub'g Co.)
Report of the Army of the Cumberland, 27th Reunion.
(Robt. Clarke Co.)
The Art of Horse-Shoeing, a manual for farriers, by William
Hunting, F.R.C.V.S., illus., $1. (Wm. R. Jenkins.)
Seven Months a Prisoner, by J. V. Hadley, 75 cts. (Chas.
Scribner's Sons.)
Alice in Wonderland, and Through the Looking Glass, by
"Lewis Carroll,” new editions from new plates, illus.
The Diary of Samuel Pepys, edited by Henry B. Wheat-
ley, F. S. A., Vol. IX. (supplementary volume). -Selec-
tions from the Greek Lyric Poets, edited by Herbert Weir
Smyth, A. B., Vol. I., The Melic Poets. – A Prelude to
Milton, the shorter poems of John Milton, edited by An-
drew J. George. — "Temple Classics," edited by Israel Gol-
Jancz, M. A., new vols.: More's Utopia; Chapman's Iliad,
2 vols.; Baxter's Saints' Everlasting Rest; Johnson's Tour
in the Hebrides; The High History of the Holy Grail,
trans. from the French by Dr. Sebastian Evans, 2 vols.;
each with frontispiece, per vol., 50 cts. — “Temple Dram-
atists,” edited by Israel Gollancz, new vols.: Edward III.
(pseudo-Shakespearean), Beaumont and Fletcher's Phil-
aster, Kyd's Spanish Tragedy; each with frontispice, 45 cts.
(Macmillan Co.)
Le Rouge et le Noir, by Stendhal (Henry Beyle), trans, into
English. (Brentano's.)
The Romances of Alexandre Dumas, “D'Artagnan" edition,
50 vols., illus. (Little, Brown, & Co.)
The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, Fitzgerald's version, with
a fore-word by Talcott Williams, with frontispiece, $1.25.
(H. T. Coates & Co.)
“ Illustrated English Library," new vol.: Thackeray's The
Newcomes, illus. by Chris. Hammond, $1. (G. P. Put-
nam's Sons.)
"Little Masterpieces," edited by Bliss Perry, new vols.:
Franklin, Webster, and Lincoln; each with portrait, per
vol., 30 cts. (Doubleday & McClure Co.)
Tennyson's Crossing the Bar, illuminated by Blanche Mo-
Manus, 25 cts. (E. R. Herrick & Co.)
LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE.
Journal Entries, by Joseph H. Winch and M. S. Hinman, $5.
net.-Treatise of the Laws of Ohio for Justices of the Peace,
etc., by Joseph R. Swan, revised by Joseph R. Swan, Jr.,
$6. net. (Robt. Clarke Co.)
The Science of Law and Law-Making, by R. Floyd Clarke.
(Macmillan Co.)
MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING.
Mechanical Engineer's Pocket-Book, by David Allan Low,
M.I.Mech.E. (Longmans, Green, & Co.)
A B C of Mining and Prospector's Hand-Book, by Charles A.
Bramble, D.L.S., illus., $1. (Rand, McNally & Co.)
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG.
A Boy I Knew, and Four Dogs, by Laurence Hutton, illus.,
$1.25. - Four for a Fortune, by Albert Lee, illus. — Won-
der Tales from Wagner, told for young people, by Anna
Alice Chapin, illus., $1.25. (Harper & Bros.)
Two Prisoners, by Thomas Nelson Page, with photogravure
frontispiece. The Nightingale, by Hans Christian Ander-
sen, illus. by M. J. Newill. -An Awful Alphabet, illus. by
Oliver P. Tunk.-How the Buffalo Lost his Crown, by John
H. Beacom, illus. (R. H. Russell.)
Captain January, by Laura E. Richards, "Centennial” edi-
tion, with etchings by W. H. W. Bicknell, limited edition,
$2.50; special edition on Japan paper, $5.-Rosin the Beau,
a sequel to " Melody” and “Marie,'' by Laura E. Rich-
ards, with frontispiece, 50 cts.-"Young of Heart Series,”
first vols.: Hero-Chums, by Will Allen Dromgoole; The
Pineboro Quartette, by Willis Boyd Allen; One Thousand
Men for a Christmas Present, by Mary B. Sheldon ; each
illus., per vol., 50 cts. (Estes & Lauriat.)
A Son of the Revolution, a story of Burr's conspiracy, by
Elbridge S. Brooks, illus., $1.50.- The M. M. C., a story
of the great Rockies, by Charlotte M. Vaile, illus., $1.25.
(W. A. Wilde & Co.)
Little Jim and Hotel Douglas, by Mrs. Susan Griffith, illus.,
$1.50.- Clare's Problem, or Was It Her Duty? by Mrs.
Adelaide F. Ball, illus., $1.25. (Am. Baptist Pub’n Society.)
“Appletons' Home Reading Series,” new vols.: The Animal
World, by Frank Vincent ; News from the Birds, by L. S.
Keyser; On the Farm, by Nellie L. Helm and F. W.
Parker; Harold's Rambles, by J. W. Troeger; each illus.
(D. Appleton & Co.)
Stories of the American Revolution, by Everett T. Tomlinson,
illus., $1. (Lee & Shepard.)
Ruth and her Grandfodder, by “Todd," illus. (A. S.
Barnes & Co.)
Comrades True, by Ellinor Davenport Adams, $1.25. (A. I.
Bradley & Co.)
LITERARY NOTES.
The American Book Co. publish “A Laboratory
Manual in Practical Botany,” by Dr. Charles H. Clark.
Messrs. D. Appleton & Co. have just published a
new edition, “enlarged,” of “The Translation of a Say-
age,” by Mr. Gilbert Parker.
“ The Painter in Oil," a technical treatise of moderate
dimensions by Mr. Daniel Burleigh Parkhurst, has just
been published by Messrs. Lee & Shepard.
Mr. Kipling's famous “Recessional" has been issued
in neat pamphlet form, with decorations by Miss
Blanche McManus, by Mr. M. F. Mansfield of New York.
Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. publish « Exercises in
Conversational German,” and “German Grammatical
Drill,” both by Miss Josepha Schrakamp, who has pro-
duced several other German text-books.
“Sylvandire” and “The Brigand," with “ Blanche de
Beaulieu" thrown in for full measure, constitute the
contents of the two new volumes of Dumas in the En-
glish edition published by Messrs. Little, Brown, & Co.
An exhibition of rare books and beautiful bindings,
arranged by Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons and man-
aged by Mr. Ernest D. North, was one of the most in-
teresting things to be seen in Chicago during the first
week of March. Among the books displayed were a
Chaucer of 1598, formerly owned by Charles Lamb, the
“ Poems by Two Brothers," first editions of many En-
glish classics, and examples of the Kelmscott and Gro-
lier Club publications. The bindings offered a selec-
tion from the best French and English artists, with a
sprinkling of Americans.
The long-pending “ Loud bill,” for the correction of
alleged abuses in the transmission of periodicals and
other second-class matter through the mails, has been
beaten by a very decided majority in the House of Repre-
sentatives. This defeat will prove a real good if it
shall lead to the step that ought to have been taken long


1898.]
201
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INDEX TO ADVERTISERS
APPEARING IN
The Present Number of THE DIAL.
PAGE
207
.
207
.
206
206
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207
207
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163
166
206
207
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NEW YORK.
AMERICAN SHAKESPEARE MAGAZINE
BAKER & TAYLOR CO.
BANGS & CO.
A. S. BARNES & CO.
BOORUM & PEASE CO.
BRENTANO'S
T. Y. CROWELL & CO.
DODD, MEAD & CO.
FORDS, HOWARD & HULBERT
GILLOTT & SONS.
F. E. GRANT
H. W. HAGEMANN
HARPER & BROTHERS
FRANCIS P. HARPER
WILLIAM R. JENKINS
JOHN LANE
LONGMANS, GREEN, & CO.
MACMILLAN CO.
NEW YORK BUREAU OF REVISION
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS.
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
FREDERICK WARNE & CO.
207
.
207
160
207
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207
204
162
172
207
204
159
205
207
ago the creation by Congress of a commission to over-
baul the whole mass of our postal laws and rulings, and
report a bill which sball cover the subject completely,
and not partially, as did the Loud bill. Abuses, injus-
tices, and needless inconsistency and confusion, exist in
our postal service; but the evils are of too long stand-
ing, and too intricate, to be treated by the 'prentice
hand of any Congressinan, however zealous and well-
meaning. They must be handled by experts, and the
best experts obtainable.
The dean of English poets died with Frederick Ten-
nyson on the twenty-seventh of last month. Born in
1807, two years before the most famous of his brothers,
he had lived to the ripe age of ninety years, and done
good service to English letters. His poems have never
been appreciated at their full value, for the affections
of the reading public seem to have had room for but
one poet of the name, and the considerable achieve-
ments of Frederick Tennyson suffered partial eclipse his
whole life long. From the famous “Poems by Two
Brothers," which his own contributions really made
“ Poems by Three Brothers,” to the publication of
« Poems of the Day and Year” in 1895, he put forth at
intervals collections of verse distinguished for their
grace, melody, and classical mould. Perhaps the best
known of his work is contained in the “ Day and Hours"
of 1854, the “Isles of Greece ” of 1890, and the
• Daphne and Other Poems ” of 1891. Unlike the late
Lord Tennyson, he lived many years away from En-
gland with his Italian wife in Florence and Pisa, and
for a long time in the Island of Jersey, although he
made frequent visits to his native country.
The Caxton Club of Chicago has hit upon a happy
selection for the latest of its Publications, “Some Let-
ters of Edgar Allan Poe to E. H. N. Patterson, of
Oquawka, Illinois, with Comments by Eugene Field.”
The Poe letters are four in number; the first is dated
April 1849, and the last August 7 of the same year -
just two months before Poe's death. They have not
before (says a foot-note) been printed in book form;
they are highly interesting and characteristic, and relate
to a singular literary project -- that of establishing a
pretentious national magazine at Oquawka, to be edited
by Poe and published by Mr. Patterson, an enterprising
and educated young man living in that remote Missis-
sippi river town. The project seems so grotesque,
though treated in the letters with such apparent serious-
ness, that we might almost think the whole thing one of
Eugene Field's literary pranks. But the letters from
Poe seem real enough, and they are given in a marvel-
lously executed facsimile which is one of the most nota-
ble features of the book. There is a facsimile, also, of
Poe's drawing for the title-page of bis projected maga-
zine, “ The Stylus.” The volume is a thin quarto, beau-
tifully printed, and is highly creditable to the Caxton
Club and to its printers, Messrs. R. R. Donnelley &
Sons. With so much to praise, we may be allowed two
criticisms. The first is on a typographical detail — the
arrangement of the title-page with an unsightly division
of Poe's name,“
Edgar Allan " appearing in one line
and “Poe” in another: a whimsy of typography which
seems particularly out of place in a work of such severe
and classic elegance. The other matter is more serious
- the statement in a foot-note that James Russell
Lowell “ played a trick” on Chicago in 1887. The note,
it is presumed, is Field's; but the club might well bave
suppressed a note so mistaken in fact and so little cred-
itable to the writer of it.
BOSTON.
AUTHOR'S AGENCY.
COPELAND & DAY
ESTES & LAURIAT
HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & Co.
SMALL, MAYNARD & Co.
205
203
161
202
.
.
PHILADELPHIA.
L. C. BONAME
J. B. LIPPINCOTT CO.
EDWIN D. ROSS
170, 207
164, 165
207
.
170
.
208
207
206
208
208
208
170
208
CHICAGO.
AMERICAN BAPTIST PUBLICATION SOCIETY
AMERICAN DESK CO.
RICHARD H. ARMS.
CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE & ST. PAUL RAILWAY
CHICAGO FLOOR CO.
CUPRIGRAPH CO.
DIXON & FLETCHER
GREAT WESTERN WALL PAPER CO.
W. G. JERREMS
KELSO-RUFF SCHOOL
LAIRD & LEE
A. C. MCCLURG & CO.
MCCULLY & MILES CO.
GARRETT NEWKIRK
PEERLESS MANTEL CO.
RAND, MCNALLY & CO.
SCOTT, FORESMAN & Co.
WEEKS PUBLISHING CO.
WESTERN METHODIST BOOK CONCERN
208
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171
167
208
208
208
168, 169
210
170
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.
.
170
MISCELLANEOUS.
A. J. CRAWFORD, St. Louis, Mo.
G. & C. MERRIAM CO., Springfield, Mass.
THE PATHFINDER, Washington, D. C.
SUSACUAC WEAVING CO., Bethlehem, Pa.
207
207
207
208


202
[March 16,
THE DIAL
NEW AND FORTHCOMING BOOKS.
IN THIS OUR WORLD.
By CHARLOTTE PERKINS STETSON. With a Photogravure Portrait. 16mo, cloth, ornamental, $1.25.
Mrs. Stetson's verse, which Mr. Howells has called the best civic satire since the “Biglow Papers," is known to the
public only through the paper-covered editions which have appeared on the Coast. This new volume, revised and greatly
enlarged, may be expected to bring her work, for the first time, into general notice. Certainly the vigor, the verve, the
deep moral earnestness, the delightful humor and extraordinary talent for satire displayed in these poems have hardly
been surpassed.
WOMEN AND ECONOMICS.
By CHARLOTTE PERKINS STETSON. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
In writing this book it has been Mrs. Stetson's purpose to point out, explain, and justify the changes which are now
going on in the relations of women to society. In brief, the position taken is that women have for centuries been eco-
nomically dependent upon men; that as a result they have become more and more feminine and less and less normal mem-
bers of the human race. The argument is extended to every branch of social activity with remarkable originality, and in
a manner to stimulate the interest of every one. It may safely be said that hardly any book of recent years has treated a
confused subject with so much real intelligence and in an attitude so singularly fair and high-minded.
THE BIRTH OF GALAHAD.
A Romantic Drama by RICHARD HOVEY. 16mo, vellum back, design in gold, and paper board sides, $1.50.
The latest of Mr. Hovey's notable series, entitled "Launcelot and Guenevere "- a poem in dramas (masques and
plays) dealing with the central story of Arthurian legendry, and intended to have a certain unity as a whole without de-
stroying the unity of each volume as a separate work.
The Publishers also announce new editions, in uniform binding, of Mr. Hovey's
THE QUEST OF MERLIN.
THE MARRIAGE OF GUENEVERE.
A Masque. Bound uniform with The Birth of Gala A Tragedy. Bound uniform with The Birth of Gala-
had, 12mo, $1.25.
had. 12mo, $1.50.
Indisputable talent and indisputable metrical faculty."
The Athencum.
"The volume shows powers of a very unusual qual-
ity . . . capacity of seeing, and by a few happy touches,
NORTHLAND LYRICS.
making us see.”- The Nineteenth Century.
By WILLIAM CARMAN ROBERTS, THEODORE ROB-
ERTS, and ELIZABETH · ROBERTS MACDONALD. Se-
THE CHILDREN'S CRUSADE.
lected and arranged by Charles G. D. Roberts. With By MARCEL SCHWOB. Translated by Henry Copley
a Prologue by Charles G. D. Roberts and an Epilogue Greene. The edition is limited to five hundred copies,
by Bliss Carman. Bound in rough green cloth, gilt from type, printed on Italian hand-made paper, with
edges, with a panel design in blind by Bertram Gros a symbolistic cover-design in green, purple, and gray,
venor Goodhue. Small 4to, $1.50.
by Tom B. Meteyard. 16mo, $1.00 net.
WALT WHITMAN'S
COMPLETE PROSE, $2.00.
LEAVES OF GRASS, $1.25.
CALAMUS: LETTERS TO PETER DOYLE, $1.25.
Of the new "Leaves of Grass” the New York Tribune says: “It is a just and generous tribute to a writer who has
deserved more than he has received at the hands of the book-makers."
SELECTIONS FROM THE PROSE AND POETRY OF
WALT WHITMAN.
Edited, with an introduction, by Oscar Lovell Triggs, Ph.D., of the University of Chicago. With a frontis-
piece portrait. Crown 8vo, cloth, $1.25.
An adequate selection of Whitman's writings has long been called for, and it is here furnished. Dr. Triggs has suc-
cessfully attempted to make a book which should be representative of the many-sidedness of Whitman's genius, and at
the same time attractive to the general reader. Both as a book of selections, pure and simple, and as an introduction to the
study of Whitman, it should meet with a welcome from all those interested in the growing fame of the Poet of Democracy.
THE WOUND DRESSER.
A series of letters written from the hospitals in Washington during the War of the Rebellion by WALT
WHITMAN. Edited by Richard Maurice Bucke, M.D. With two Portraits. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.
Without doubt the most intimate and vivid account of the hospital life of the Civil War ever put in print. According
to the Chap-Book, the letters are "human documents,' without which and the like of which the world were poor indeed."
They form, says the Brooklyn Eagle, "a tale that is unique in character and without precedent in literature"; while the
Literary World speaks of their profound sympathy with the suffering and dying, their minuteness of detail, 80 that by
their light you see the cot and the operating-table, and the sunken cheek and the glazing eye, their reproduction of the
very colors of the tragic movement of which Washington was the centre from 1861 to 1865."
SMALL, MAYNARD & COMPANY, BOSTON.


1898.]
203
THE DIAL
Estes & Lauriat's Spring Announcements.
CENTENNIAL EDITION OF
CAPTAIN JANUARY.
By LAURA E. RICHARDS. Edition de luxe. Illustrated
with 6 fine etchings by W. H. W. BICKNELL. This
edition, which marks the one hundredth thousand of
Mrs. Richards's charming little classic, is set from
new type in a handsome and attractive page.
One hundred (100) copies will be printed upon Japan
paper, and bound in three-quarters levant, with etchings
in duplicate upon Japan and India paper,
and with num-
bered title-pages, with the autograph of the author and
signed by the publishers. Net, $5.00.
Nine hundred (900) copies will be printed upon Dick-
inson handmade paper, and bound in drawing-paper
covers, cloth backs, and paper labels, etchings on Hol-
land paper, and with numbered title-pages, with the
autograph of the author and signed by the publishers.
Net, $2.50.
THE VALLEY PATH.
By WILL ALLEN DROMGOOLE, author of “The Heart
of Old Hickory."
This volume is an excellent novel of Tennessee life; the characters
are very strongly portrayed, and the story is one of extreme interest
throughout.
Like all Miss Dromgoole's writings, it is singularly true to life, and
reveals that intimate knowledge of the hopes, aspirations, fears, and
doubts of the human heart which is one of the distinguishing points
between a writer of true ability and a mediocre story-teller.
12mo, handsome cover design, deckle-edge paper, gilt
top, $1.25.
SONGS OF TWO PEOPLES.
By JAMES RILEY, author of "The Transmitted Word,”
etc.
This volume is a collection of dialect poems, showing a thorough and
appreciative knowledge and generous estimate of the character and
virtues of the two races, the Saxon and the Celt, as they met in the
past, and are meeting now, each day, in the common, homoly ways of
real life in America.
Tall 16mo, handsome cover design, deckle-edge paper,
Twenty-six (28) copies with lettered title-page will be gilt top, illustrated, $1.25.
LOVE AND ROCKS.
By LAURA E. RICHARDS, author of " Captain January."
With etching frontispiece by MERCIER.
A charming story of one of the pleasant islands that dot the rugged
Maine coast, told in the author's most graceful manner.
Tall 16mo, unique cover design on linen deckle-edge
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THE YOUNG OF HEART SERIES
Books for both sexes and youth of all ages, from eight
to eighty, including all who have a heart for pathos,
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issued for the author and publishers. These are not
for sale.
The publishers reserve the right to at any time advance
the price on unsold copies.
A New Volume in the Captain January Series.
ROSIN THE BEAU.
A sequel to“ Melody” and “ Marie." By LAURA E.
RICHARDS. With half-tone frontispiece by FRANK
T. MERRILL.
The many thousands who have read the or's exquisito stories,
“ Melody" and “ Marie," will be glad to learn more of the picturesque
old violinist who figured so prominently in the former story, and the
charming Marie of the latter.
16mo, cloth back and paper sides, 50 cents.
JOSEPH JEFFERSON AT HOME.
By Nathan HASKELL DOLE. A monograph on Joseph
Jefferson and his home surroundings. Illustrated
with 16 full-page half-tones from photographs taken
with the permission of Mr. Jefferson in and around
his famous summer home.
Mr. Jefferson being recognized as the leading American actor; the
appearance of this small volume will be very interesting, and throwing
as it does a new light on him as a painter as well as an actor, and giving
new ideas concerning his home life, it surely should receive a warm
welcome.
Thin octavo, gilt top, $1.50.
THE SLOPES OF HELICON,
And Other Poems. By LLOYD MIFFLIN. Illustrated
with 10 full-page illustrations by T. MORAN, N.A.,
and others, and a portrait of the author.
Mr. Mifflin is distinctively the poet of his own fields and hills, and
to those who know him only through his remarkable sonnets, " At the
Gates of Song," this new volume will be a revelation. It will settle the
question often asked, whether a sonnet-writer of distinction can also
be a lyrist. The book is very interesting also as shedding more light
upon the poet's inner life and character, and will be sure to bring Mr.
Mifflin many new readers. The tone of the book is high; the workman-
ship what might be expected from one who has proved himself a master
of the most difficult form of English verse; and the whole is a real con-
tribution to American literature.
Tall 16mo, handsome cover design, deckle-edge paper,
gilt top, $1.25.
This series will consist of new copyright volumes, and
choice selections from standard works of appropriate
character.
Each volume thin 12mo, special cover design, 50 cts.
Among the early issues will be
1. HERO-CHUMS.
By WILL ALLEN DROMGOOLE, author of “The Heart
of Old Hickory."
A splendid story of a strange friendship formed between a highly
sensitive and hero-loving cripple boy and a rugged old miner. Plus
trated.
2. THE PINEBORO QUARTETTE.
By WILLIS BOYD ALLEN, author of « The Gold
Hunters of Alaska," etc. Illustrated by ALICE BAR-
BER STEPHENS.
A capital story, full of interest and healthy excitement.
3. ONE THOUSAND MEN FOR A CHRIST-
MAS PRESENT.
By Mary B. SHELDON. Illustrated by L. J. BRIDG-
MAN.
An excellent historical story of how Washington's ragged army
crossed the Delaware, Christmas Eve, and captured a thousand Hessians
in the midst of their festivities.
Other Volumes in Press.
ESTES & LAURIAT, Publishers, Boston.


204
[March 16,
THE DIAL
New Publications of the Clarendon Press.
SHORTLY!
JUST PUBLISHED!
BRIEF LIVES, Chiefly of Contemporaries, set down THE BIBLE REFERENCES OF JOHN
by John Aubrey, between the years 1669 and 1696. RUSKIN. Selected by permission of the Author,
Edited from the Author's MSS. by ANDREW CLARK. and arranged in alphabetical order by Mary and
With facsimile. 2 vols., 8vo, cloth.
ELLEN GIBBs. 12mo, cloth extra, gilt top, $1.25.
“There is no subject on which Ruskin writos better than on the
IMMEDIATELY!
Scriptures, and the finest pages in his expositions of art or economics or
THE MANIFESTATIONS OF THE RISEN
morality are those in which he grows impassioned enough to begin quot-
ing the Bible. Accordingly, the volume should prove welcome, first, to
JESUS: Their Methods and Their Meanings. Being
students of Ruskin, and secondly, to students of the Bible and preach-
ers."- Scotsman, Jan. 31, 1898.
the Charlotte Wood Slocum Lectures in the Univer-
SHORTLY!
sity of Michigan, A. D. 1897. By the Rt. Rev.
CATALOGI CODICUM MANUSCRIPTORUM
WILLIAM CROSWELL DOANE, D.D., Bishop of Albany.
BIBLIOTHECÆ BODLEIANÆ.
16mo, cloth extra, 75 cts.
Partis Quintæ. Fasciculus Quartus. Viri Munificentis-
ÆTOLIA : Its Geography, Topography, and Antiqui simi Ricardi Rawlinson, I.C.D. Codicum Classis
ties. By WILLIAM J. WOODHOUSE, M.A., F.R.G.S. Quartæ Partem Alteram (Libros SC. Miscellaneos
Royal 8vo, linen, $7.00.
Sexcentos et Quinquaginta Sex) Complecteus. Con-
GEOMETRY FOR BEGINNERS. An Easy Intro-
fecit GULIELMUS D. MACRAY, A.M. The present
duction to Geometry for Young Learners. By GEORGE
section includes MSS. 861 to 1516. 4to, cloth, $3.75.
M. MINCHIN, M.A., F.R.S. 16mo, paper boards, 40c. HINDU MANNERS, CUSTOMS, AND
THE ODES OF KEATS. With Notes and Anal-
CEREMONIES.
yses and a Memoir. By ARTHUR C. DOWNER, M.A.
By the Abbé J. A. DUBOIS. Translated from the
author's later French MS. and edited with Notes,
16mo, cloth, bevelled boards, $1.00.
Corrections, and Biography, by HENRY K. BEAU-
ARISTOTELIS DE ARTE POETICA LIBER.
With a Prefatory Note by the Rt. Hon.
Recognovit Brevique Annotatione Critica Instruxit. F. Max MULLER, and a Portrait. 2 vols., 8vo,
I. BYWATER. 8vo, paper covers, 40 cts.
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CHAMP.
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READY MARCH 23.
THE ROMANCE OF ZION CHAPEL. By RICHARD LE GALLIENNE. With a cover design by
WILL BRADLEY. Crown 8vo, over 300 pages, $1.50.
This new book by Mr. Le Gallienne is uniform with “The Quest of the Golden Girl," which is now in its ninth edition.
THIRD EDITION IN PREPARATION.
POEMS BY STEPHEN PHILLIPS. Crown 8vo, boards, $1.50.
To Mr. Stephen Phillips has been awarded by the proprietors of The Academy (London), a premium of one hundred guineas, in accordance
with their previously proclaimed intention of making that, and a second gift of Afty guineas, to the writers of the two books which should be
adjudged worthy to be "crowned" as the most important contributions to the literature of 1897.
The London Times says: "Mr. Phillips is a poet, one of the half-dozen men of the younger generation whose writings contain the indefinable
quality which makes for permanence."
The London Academy says : " How could language express more. It has an almost physical effect upon the reader, in the opening of the
eyes and the dilation of the heart."
The London Daily Chronicle says: “Almost the whole of this book is concerned with life and death largely and liberally contemplated.
It is precisely that kind of contemplation which our recent poetry lacks. . .. We praise Mr. Phillips for many excellences, but chiefly for the
great air and ardor of his poetry, its persistent loftiness."
THE KING WITH TWO FACES. By M. E. COLERIDGE. Crown 8vo, $1.50.
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LAS KING. Crown 8vo, $1.25.
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REGINA. By HERMAN BUDERMANN. Translated by BEATRICE MAR-
A MAN FROM THE NORTH. A Novel By E. A. BENNETT.
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Crown 8vo, $1.25.
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Wrappers, 35 cents.
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8vo, $1.25.
CARPET COURTSHIP. By THOMAS COBB. Crown 8vo, $1.00.
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To be had of all Booksellers, or will be sent, postpaid, on receipt of price by the Publisher.
140 Fifth Avenue, New York City.
SHALL.


1898.]
205
THE DIAL
INTERESTING ANNOUNCEMENTS.
A NEW HISTORICAL ROMANCE.
John Gilbert, Yeoman.
By R. G. SOANS. With Frontispiece by LANCELOT SPEED.
12mo, cloth, $1.50.
This stirring historical story is laid in Cromwell's days, when
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high estimation, says: "The author has produced a story which will
bear comparison with the best historical fiction of modern writers. It
is far above an immense mass of novels sent out recently.
... contain-
ing nothing flimsy or trivial, and in certain features it even recalls the
romances of Scott."
AN EXCITING TALE OF TREASURE TROVE.
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A Tale of Adventure by R.S. WALKEY. With 18 Illustrations
by GEORGE HUTCHINSON. Small square 8vo, cloth, with a
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A WORK OF UNIVERSAL INTEREST.
History, Blazonry and Associations
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By the Author of "Sunshine and Paar" and “Robert Urquhart.”
George Malcolm.
By GABRIEL SETOUN. 12mo, cloth, $1.25.
The characters of John Murdoch, “ Publican and Pharisee," and
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throughout there is an underlying delicacy of touch which shows an
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Scotch scenery and simple lives of the people among whom the story is
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“A prose edition in detail of Burns's Holy Willie."-The Athenæum,
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“The unpleasant uncle is the strong character in the book. It is worth
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A NEW STORY OF MYSTERY.
The Stolen Fiddle.
By W. H. MAYSON. 12mo, cloth, $1.25.
* The interest of this story turns largely on a trial in connection
with a violin, the denouement of which is highly dramatic. The author
is well known in the (English) musical world.
By the Author of "The Shuttle of Fate," "The Duchess Lass," etc.
The World's Coarse Thumb.
By CAROLINE MASTERS. With illustrations by LANCELOT
SPEED. 12mo, cloth, $1.25.
*** This is a vigorously told story of a youth who, holding his father
in more than filial veneration, discovers that his wealth has been amassed
by wrongful means. His efforts to right the wrong end in an interesting
romance.
Send for our Complete Catalogue. The above can be obtained through any Bookseller, or free by mail, on receipt of price, from the Publishers.
FREDERICK WARNE & CO., 103 Fifth Avenue, New York.
FIFTH THOUSAND OF
FREE TO SERVE. A Tale of Colonial New York.
By E. RAYNER. Price, $1.50.
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notable book - 80 much better than • Hugh Wynne' that if the publishers' claim for that book be true - this novel is greater - it is certainly one
of the American novels of the year. And Dutch America has no better presentation than E. Rayner's in ‘Free to Sorve.'"
THE BOSTON TRANSCRIPT says: "The book is not the work of a novice; it is fascinating, strong, and of the highest moral tone. .
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SECOND EDITION OF
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By CHARLES MACOMB FLANDRAU, '95. Crimson Cloth, Octavo. Price, $1.25.
In this book Mr. Flandrau has departed widely from the usual college story. He has, in a series of short, vivid sketches, drawn the modern
"Harvard Man" as he is, not as he has been, or as he ought to be, but truthfully as he is. The book does not, paturally, detail all sides of the
present complex Harvard life, but for the side which it does treat, the typical, prosperous, happy side, it does the best thing — tells the truth,
and tells it in a most delightful fashion. We feel sure that so accurate a picture of modern college life has not yet been drawn, and that all col-
lege men will appreciate this and heartily welcome the book.
SPRING ANNOUNCEMENTS.
ON THE BIRDS' HIGHWAY.
THE MAN WHO WORKED FOR COLLISTER,
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full-page illustrations, octavo .
$2.00
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206
[March 16,
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1898.]
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1898.]
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SCOTT, FORESMAN & CO'S RECENT BOOKS
A Norwegian By JULIUS E. Olson, Pro-
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A Critical Analysis plete artistic expression to the
highest spiritual truths; that
the Divine Comedy is the
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justice, and declaring that the soul can find satisfaction only
as it lives, moves, and has its being in God – the Source of
all good.
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PAGE
THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of be considered in essays extensive enough, pre-
each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, 52:00 a year in advance pour le consumably, to occupy ten or fifteen minutes each in
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and France and England in the near future.
Such attempts to compass culture without
No. 283. APRIL 1, 1898. Vol. XXIV.
any real effort are being made all over this
country by thousands of literary clubs, and
CONTENTS.
Chautauqua circles, and other organizations of
THE PROBLEM OF THE ADEQUATE.
215
earnest people banded together for purposes of
SAITH THE STAR. (Poem.) Walter F. Kenrick , 216
self-improvement. The illustration of this sort
of intellectual stir which we have given above is
IN REGARD TO POETRY. Charles Leonard Moore . 217
doubtless an extreme one, but it serves us all
ENGLISH CORRESPONDENCE. Temple Scott . 218
the better for that, since it brings into a clearer
COMMUNICATIONS
.220
light the typical features of a tendency which
An Honor Worthily Bestowed. George W. Julian.
is well advised in its aims, if hardly in its
“The Plight of the Bookseller.” William S. Lord.
The Bookseller as an Educator. Charles M. Roe.
methods, and which, if but wisely directed,
Romance in American History. Katharine Coman. might do much for the advancement of our
FRANCE: THE STUDY OF A NATION. E. G. J. 222
intellectual life. It is well to acquire a little
knowledge of even the largest subject, if only
HENRY GEORGE AND HIS FINAL WORK. Oliver
T. Morton
226
the acquisition be made in a properly humble
THE STORY OF HAWAII'S QUEEN. C. A. Kofoid 228
spirit, and without self-delusion. One's own
horizon must not be taken for the boundary of
LIVES OF GREAT PHYSICIANS. Henry M. Lyman 231
thought, but rather as a narrow circumscription
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
232 marked out from the infinite, to be widened with
The Palatines in America. — Leisure hours in acad-
emic cloisters.-Some good words about style.—“For
every addition to one's own intellectual elevation.
Greeks a blush." - Pictures of 18th century Dublin A little learning is not a dangerous thing unless
life.- The campaign of Sedan.— The story of a mu. it create a mood of smug self-sufficiency, thereby
sician's life.
deadening the life that it ought rather to stim-
BRIEFER MENTION
235 ulate to a larger growth.
LITERARY NOTES
233 The varied extensions of intellectual activity
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
so characteristic of our age have made short
LIST OF NEW BOOKS .
236
cuts to knowledge an absolute necessity even
for scholars of the most serious purpose. No
earlier period can show anything comparable
THE PROBLEM OF THE ADEQUATE.
to the present-day production of manuals, and
Our attention was called not long ago to a compendiums, and condensed surveys, and ele-
programme outlined for an afternoon session
mentary monographs in series. These books,
of a woman's club in a certain Western city. which both in numbers and in quality outdo
It was evident that this organization was everything of the sort produced in earlier peri-
inspired with a praiseworthy ambition to assim. ods, are the outcome of a genuine need, and
ilate the whole of culture within as brief a offer the older ideal of culture its only possible
period as possible, and to demonstrate that art, defence against the swelling flood of specializa-
in spite of the ancient dictum, was not so very tion. The day has long passed when a man
long after all. " A Resumé of Greece
was
could hope to take all knowledge for his prov-
to be the general subject of the afternoon's en ince, and the scholars of towering intellectual
tertainment, and the special subjects of Greek stature who, from Bacon to Humboldt, domin-
politics, literature, philosophy, and art were to ated the thought of their respective epochs,
•
.
. 236
.
>


216
[April 1,
THE DIAL
belong to a hopelessly vanished race. Mr. Her selection and arrangement whereby the ripest
bert Spencer probably comes as near as anyone fruits of his enormous intellectual toil are
now living to that old-time ideal, but the weak brought within the compass of an essay or a
places in his intellectual armor are made evi book of pocketable dimensions. When the
dent enough when tested by the searching schol. really great writers devote only a few pages or
arship of the modern specialized type. Yet even words to the consideration of some vast
men are loth to give up altogether the wide theme we do not complain that their treatment
prospect of an earlier time, and our books of is inadequate, but accept thankfully their gifts.
condensed science make it possible for a scholar In fact, the most hopelessly inadequate books
of to-day to learn all that a Humboldt could are apt to be the big ones, the so-called monu-
have known, and more, with a far greater econ ments of scholarship and literary industry, thus
omy of effort in the acquisition.
styled, perhaps, because their weight has
We have, then, no quarrel with the book crushed all the life out of their subjects. But
which deals upon a small scale with a great an Emerson can write adequately of History
subject, provided its writer have the authority or “ Art” or “Civilization” within the space
and the literary art needful for the perform of a single brief paper, and we do not feel that
ance of his task.
Professor Freeman used to the discussion is defective. A Lowell may ask
say that the only way to write a small book was “Will it do to say anything more about Shake-
to write a big one first and then condense it : speare ?" and prove that it will do, for a Lowell,
a procedure which he applied with great success to discuss Shakespeare Once More,” even
to the history of the Norman Conquest. Mr. with the limitations of the essayist upon him.
Stopford Brooke's small manual of English Or, to take a still greater exemplar, did not
literature will occur to many minds as an ad- Shakespeare himself, upon hundreds of occa-
mirable example of the proper treatment of a sions, give entirely adequate expression to vast
great theme within narrow limits. The litera ranges of thought in as many pithy and preg-
ture of the essay affords excellent illustrations nant and divine flashes of his all-comprehending
of the same sort of achievement. There are intellect? Is there not a whole philosophy of
essays by such men as Walter Pater, Mr. John love in the lines,
Morley, and Mr. Frederick Myers, which are “Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,
entirely adequate to their subjects, and produce
Haply I think on thee, and then my state,
Like to the lark at break of day arising
the impression of exhaustive treatment although From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven's gate,"
the number of their pages is small. This does
a whole philosophy of life in the words,
not mean that they say all that there is to say,
Men must endure
but rather that, given their limits, they say the Their going hence even as their coming hither;
most important things in the most felicitous
Ripeness is all”?
way possible. To introduce a metaphor, we may
remark that a narrow stream will suffice to
carry a great volume of water to the sea if only
SAITH THE STAR.
the channel be well embanked, and the current
restrained from spreading aimlessly abroad.
“ Heart that craves another heart,
The thesis may indeed be maintained that it
Weary of this life apart
is theoretically possible to treat fittingly of any
From all kindred,” saith the star;
“Be thyself thine own best place,
subject within any limits, however contracted,
Learn of me, ensphered in space,
provided one has a proper sense of the perspec-
Solitary and afar.
tive of ideas, and does not bring into a brief
“In my loneness I am free
discussion such matters of detail as would be
To explore infinity,
out of place in anything less than a whole his-
All the calm and silent night.
tory. This is not a plea for the ingenuous
Heart aflame with wild desire,
amateur who attempts to write about "Nature"
Look to me, quench fire with fire,
Plunge within my liquid light.
History” or “ The Aim of Life” in a
thousand words, or the innocent college grad-
“Had I sought some alien sphere,
uate who, during the few minutes allotted to
Loth to shine sequestered here,"
Saith the star reproachfully;
the delivery of his commencement part, dis-
“ I had left, like stars of old,
courses upon the destinies of nations or the
To one fleeting track of gold
enlightening mission of genius. But it does
All my crystal purity."
justify the master of a subject in the work of
WALTER FRANCIS KENRICK.
or "


1898.]
217
THE DIAL
forms us, takes us out of ourselves. Life is toler.
IN REGARD TO POETRY.
ably dull, and it adds little to our liveliness to be
The critic who to-day lifts up his voice for poetry told that argon is a most powerful centre of force,
is a good deal like Roland sounding his trumpet to or that everything in nature has its ratio of vibra-
call Charlemagne back to Roncesvaux. Charle tion. If the flying-machine is perfected, the globe-
magne may come — he will come, but he is like wanderer will be as bored on his tenth voyage as he
to find the critical Roland dead upon the battle is to-day. If we reach Mars, we will find we have
field. The Muses are certainly temporarily in exile ; not escaped our own personalities. Science on the
and the poets
- those votaries who by their intro whole has not made life any better, nobler, more
duction got admittance into the company of the delightful, or more amusing. But man is eternally
gods, and so know the secrets of things which they interested in his own traditions, his own deeds, his
communicated to uninspired mortals, “mingling own fate. The talk about books is the one profes-
incorruptible rivers of fire ” with the blood of men, sional talk which is not “shop,” because it is a talk
--these Vates, Seers, Makers, are out of employment, about life itself. How instinctively we feel that the
glad of any odd job. They even write criticism. best society the world has known has been in those
At the best, they cut up the old forms of art, as circles of men of intellect whose interest was in the
Medea dismembered her father, and plunge them humanities the Mermaid group, Johnson's club,
into the cauldron of the Novel — some day, it is to the circle about Moliére. The mass of men read
be hoped, to emerge fresh and vigorous and in their little enough, but they have an equivalent for liter-
early bloom.
ature in gossip and the swapping of stories. Con-
I make no count of lyric poetry in my diagnosis or versation is a continual, though for the most part
prognosis. This has always been most plentiful in the decent, Decameron.
most barren periods of literature. It is the brush If all this is true, it may be urged that the novel
wood that springs up when the giant pinos are felled. can satisfy all our intellectual needs, as, indeed, for
The ages of the Anthologists, the Troubadours, the present it seems to do. There is no actual rea-
the Minnesingers, the Meistersingers, the ballad son why a novel may not be a great work of art,
writers of Spain, were ages when the poetic energies except that the extent of the average story makes it
of the races were either spent or were gathering for difficult to take it all in at once. Our esthetic vision
a concentrated effort. We have been, of late, pass is not focussed to survey such near-lying and prodi.
ing through a period of lyrical activity; yet there giously extended masses. We are like Gulliver
are not wanting signs to show that it is nearly making love to the fair Brobdignagian, and can only
ended. The little leaves of song do not flutter so get acquainted with her nose or her hand at one
plentifully from the autumnal boughs of the maga time. Yet in spite of this defect, “Don Quixote"
zines, and nothing is more certain than the indiffer and “ Tristram Shandy” and “ Wilhelm Meister"
ence of the public to collections of them — herba rank with the great poems and dramas of the world.
riums of pressed emotions. It is yet possible that The real weakness of novels is their enormous dilu-
the great goddess Design may rear her head again tion, the detail and commonplace by which they
and revive the works of men.
seek to mirror life instead of interpreting it (as if
Modern thought is unquestionably hostile to great they could, even with the vision of Asmodeus and
poetry. In religion, it has withdrawn men from the pen of the Recording Angel, give all the facts
ideas of the Creator to rest in the creation ; in phil- of existence), and the ease with which they seem to
osophy, it has descended from the whole to the parts; be done. If there were only two or three or a dozen
in science, it has rejected abstract ideas for prac-novels, we might prize them as rare birds. But in
tical inventions ; in sociology, it has substituted an their interminable multitude they are as the plague
equalized democracy for great central figures. All of locusts. I am inclined to think that the whole
this means that the spontaneous, the particular, and vast novel literature of the world will some day be
the immediate have absorbed the attention of man as obsolete as the tomes of the Fathers and School-
kind; and the lyric is the expression of the spon-
It is not that there is not magnificent read-
taneous, the particular, and the immediate.
ing in St. Augustine or Thomas Aquinas, but they
However true or necessary all this specialized and the multitude of their rivals and scholars picked
business is, it is not going to permanently satisfy the bones of dogma dry; and, similarly, our novel-
men's souls. There is implanted in us an idea of ists have worn human nature, in its ordinary mani-
the whole as well as of the parts. We experience festations, threadbare. Besides, all great wit is dif-
only the imperfect and transitory; but we know ficult --- difficult to do, and difficult to appreciate.
that the perfect and eternal exist. We bruise our And this leads me to one advantage of verse.
shins against the real; but the ideal beckons us on, Being hard to get at- of course I mean good verse
and on we go. The innate ideas of goodness, splen
--by both author and reader, it achieves a concen-
dor, happiness, live in us, like the Sleeping Beauty tration that fastens on the memory. Its symmetry
and her court behind the o'ergrown hedge, and only and numeric recurrence of sound and motion help
the kiss of Experience is needed to make them rise it to a permanence which the looser members of
and ring with life.
prose can hardly hope to attain. It is discipline
At bottom, literature is an intoxicant. It trans against the mob. Besides, this verse is a device,
men.


218
[April 1,
THE DIAL
like the frame of a picture or the raised platform him such is a passing one. Simplicity and humility
and footlights of the stage, which lifts a piece of furnish too narrow a room for his aspiring spirit to
literature above the ordinary level of life and en flourish in. His natural inclination is to “ rise and
velops it in an atmosphere of its own. I suppose help Hyperion to his horse,” rather than to trail
everyone has felt a slight shock at the beginning after the hoe of the potato gatherer. Corot is a
of a theatrical performance; the break with life is mightier master than Millet. Splendor and domin-
apparent for a few moments; we say to ourselves, ion and profundity are not in widest commonalty
“ This is not real.” But if we surrender ourselves spread, and these are the things that man most ad-
to the impressions of the stage, the illusory scene is mires and by which he is most moved. We may
quickly accepted, its convention and make-believe thrill at the sight of a pump on the stage, or the
are forgotten. In the same way, if we yield our representation of a plain farmer's home, but these
selves to the raised utterance and rhythmical accents things are not going to displace Orestes and Mac-
of verse we soon forget that it is not the proper
and
beth. Even in the work of the last century, as the
natural language of life. Indeed, who shall say foot-hills withdraw and the peaks emerge, we can
that it is not our proper and natural langaage. see that they are haunted as of old by the Spirit and
that its ordered harmonies are not those which are the forming Word. The “Intimations,” the “ An-
most deeply impressed upon the universe ? As cient Mariner,” “ Hyperion,” the “Ode to the Gen-
Schiller puts it, “ By a wonder we must enter into estra," De Musset's “ Nights,” “In Memoriam,”
wonderland ”; and verse is a very potent key to that “ Tristan and Isolde," these works have little to
ideal world we are all striving, consciously or uncon do with the low levels of life. But while the de-
sciously, to reach and possess.
mand for simplicity and commonplace lasts, it is
The compact and polished marble of verse is a destructive to poetry. If the plain people get it
better material for the hand of the designer than thoroughly established in their heads that they are
the clay of prose. At least it keeps its edge and as good subjects for literature as kings and heroes
lustre longer. Above all, it lends itself to the ex and poets, that pumpkin-pies and pitchforks and
ception. That which would be unnatural in prose blue-jean blouses are just as important as wit and
is entirely easy to its sonorous mouth. This is pain- philosophy and divine exaltation, there will be no
fully felt, I think, in such set pieces of prose as De venturing verse or great designs until a new gener-
Quincey's “ Ladies of Sorrow” and “ Vision of Sud ation appears upon the scene.
den Death," or even in Milton's lofty rhapsodies.
CHARLES LEONARD MOORE.
They are finely done, but one feels that they could
be done better in verge.
It would need a good deal of argument to pe
suade people to-day that the great, the rare, the
ENGLISH CORRESPONDENCE.
exceptional, are, after all, the best subjects for lit-
erature. The opposite opinion, which began to
London, March 18, 1898.
take root about the middle of the last century, has
This is one of the most uninteresting of " spring pub-
got so firm a hold that it will take an earthquake lishing seasons ” of many years past in England. Now
that the lists are out, one looks over them in vain for
to dislodge it. Diderot and Rousseau and Goethe
any work that sounds as if it would strike attention, or
and Wordsworth described or sang the lowly lives
make the year distinguished. There is a fair average
and humble hopes of the poor.
The whole art of
of the stock “stuff," and when one has said that, one has
Millet and his group is based upon the almost brute said all that may be said. The much-heralded and
struggle for existence. More yet! — man is discov much-advertised novels hav almost all made their ap-
ered to be not only a brother of dragons but a
Mr. Anthony Hope's “Simon Dale," Mr.
cousin-german to the rocks and clouds. In all pre Grant Allen's “The Incidental Bishop," Mr. Conan
vious
ages he looked aloft, he walked with the gods, Doyle's “ The Tragedy of the Korosko,” Mr. Stanley
he made images of and adored the shining ones of
Weyman's “Shrewsbury,” Mr. E. F. Benson's “The
the earth. In the last century and a half he has
Vintage,” and the rest; and they all betray the debili-
reversed his gaze. He looks down and finds him-
tating effects of assurance, born of an unrestrained self-
consciousness of popularity. They constitute, in effect,
self kin to the animals and the earth itself. He
work done to represent royalties. One wonders what
vitalizes the phenomena of nature, not by means of becomes of all the novels manufactured, and one wonders
human personifications as among the ancients, but still more what will be thought of them ten or twenty
in their own proper exhibitions. In Victor Hugo's years hence. At present the “ libraries " stoc their
“ Toilers of the Sea,” the ocean is the sentient shelves with them, and a sober population, which pays
antagonist of the man; and in Thomas Hardy's the annual guineas as subscriptions, read them. Then
“ Return of the Native” the moor is the real pro-
a few days or weeks elapse, the demand slackens, and
tagonist of the piece. This is all very well, and
Mudie or Smith enters them in their “selling off” lists
if trees and rocks and oceans read books we could
at half price, or less. And so the seasons come and go.
But where will they be after several seasons ? One
imagine them clapping their hands at being so cel-
shrugs one's shoulders, and asks one's self Where?
ebrated. But man alone is concerned with art, and
Time is a saucy fellow, and it is not easy to fix his ca-
the highest poetry vanishes when he is made a sub-prices in any standard of measurement, or frame from
sidiary agent in its domain. The mood that makes them a rule of consistent taste.
pearance


1898.]
219
THE DIAL
ences.-
7
There is a pessimistic wail heard lately, from one or Kernahan has been writing lately, is at last to be issued
two of our magazines and weekly journals, intended to to the public. I cannot say when, but it may be ex-
elicit our sympathy on bebalf of the novelist who has, pected in the autumn.— The new edition of Thackeray's
to use the meaning expression, “written himself out." works, which Messrs. Smith, Elder & Co. have had in
A writer in this week's “Speaker," commenting upon preparation for many months past, is to make its appear-
an article in the “ National Review," speaks of this con ance shortly with “ Vanity Fair,” in one volume, with
dition, so terribly pictured by Mr. George Gissing in illustrations, and with an introduction by Mrs. Anne
“New Grub Street," as a condition which is “ beyond the Thackeray Ritchie.—“John Oliver Hobbes” has finished
pale of common humanity.” “ To be without money,
another novel, to be issued serially in “Harper's Maga-
food, or a decent coat, is an affliction intelligible to all; zine." It is said to be an historical romance founded
but a literary man in want of ideas cannot be taken on the story of “Locrine and Gwendoline."-Seven trans-
seriously even by the most tender-hearted.” Well, with lations and sublimations of Omar Khayyam are going
all pity for such a literary man, is it not, after all, a about begging, from publisher to publisher.- Mr. Jer.
happy play of the fates that a novelist cannot go on for ome K. Jerome is passing through the press a volume of
ever? How could we ever hope to cope with the enor essays after the style of his “Idle Thoughts of an Idle
mous output, if things were otherwise? Surely, we should Fellow." We are hoping that the years of industry through
require to begin to read with the insucking of our which he has passed since the publication of that book will
mother's milk! And, in all seriousness, the child of not have touched the “new humorist” to grosser influ-
to-day is precocious enough. The trouble, perhaps, is
- M. Alphonse Daudet's last story,“ The Hope of
not in the writer's losing his ideas, but in his over the Family,” is to be published in its English translation
anxiety to make money as quickly as he can, giving no by Messrs. C. A. Pearson. — An author, unknown to
regard for the art he is expressing, and no thought for fame, is writing a pamphlet with the following title:
the dignity of his work. It is the inevitable consequence “ A Proposal Humbly offered to the Ch-nc-11-r of the
of a literature which is in the hands of a “profession.' Exch-q-r, For the better regulation of the Publication
Sir Walter Besant also, on a kindred matter, delivers of Books, and for bringing within modest bounds the
himself, in “ The Author,” of a belief in the decay of pride and vanity of authors, as well as the arrogance of
authority in literary criticism. “It is,” he says, "im- publishers.” He has taken his text from Horace:
possible-perfectly impossible—by any conceivable rate “Insani sanas nomen ferat, æquas iniqui,
of pay, to get a reviewer to read a book which he has
Ultra quam satis est, virtutem si petat ipsam."
to discuss in a dozen or twenty lines. The result is often I cannot tell you whether the tract will ever be pub-
a weak stream of generalities, with a word of fault lished or not.— A new publishing house is to startle the
finding, a thing quite easy for any book ever written, world, in the autumn; it has been feeling its way, lately,
whether it be read or not — and only vague words of with a magazine called “The Dome." But “ The Uni-
praise, because praise if it is sincere must be based on corn Press” is coming on, all the same. ,- The “New
actual reading." And yet how much praise there is to Vagabonds Club" is not dead yet; out of nearly three
be found in our critiques ! Even if Sir Walter be right, hundred members who forgot to рау their subscriptions,
- and there is not a little to prove him in the wrong,— more than half sent their postal orders, and the Club is
on whom is the blame for this decay? Is it not to be now flourishing. The rumor to the contrary was circu-
found in the large number of books written and pub lated by some evil-minded member, and an influential
lished? If the founder of the Author's Society be really committee is now "sitting on" him.-- Fifteen hundred
anxious for the preservation of authority in criticism, and forty-nine lady novelists have ready for the press
would he not convince us of his sincerity, to some pur three thousand and ninety-eight long stories. A well-
pose, were be to preach to his fellow-members the wis known financier is busy establishing a syndicate for their
dom of writing less and writing better, and not from publication, in the late autumn. Should the libraries
the text of the “ literary profession "? Let a truly fine refuse to subscribe, it is within the powers of the syndi-
piece of literary work come up for valuation, and, ten cate, as laid down in the articles of association, to open
chances to one, it will not miss appreciation. There never one thousand shops, in London and the provinces, for
was a better time for the aspirant to literary fame, and the sale of these novels.-- Our art critics are busy buy-
he has never had more opportunities, than he has now. ing new steel pens, to be ready for use when the Royal
Otherwise, one cannot explain the evil of the age - - the Academy opens its exhibition this spring. They have
success of mediocrity. And Sir Walter Besant knows this. been busy with other matters lately, and only found time
To turn from discussion, which, be it never so charm to abuse old masters. Since the publication of “Liter-
ing, is yet of less importance tban facts, I have to inform ature" there has been issued but one other periodical
you that there are still a few items which have escaped devoted to books, the “Journal” of the Bootle Free
the “ Notes” editor of “Literature.” One is, that Mr. Public Library. If you cannot find Bootle on the map,
Grant Richards is busy preparing a handsome library I can only say your map is out of date. For
your
bet-
edition of the novels of Jane Austen. For the present, ter guidance, I may tell you that it now has a Town
this edition will consist of ten large crown octavo vol. Hall of its own, and the mayor is not borrowed from
umes, printed in the same type and on similar paper as Liverpool - Mr. Stanley Lane-Poole has written an
were lavished on the “Edinburgh" edition of Steven introduction to the new copyright edition of Sir Richard
son's works. Each novel will occupy two volumes; and Burton's “ Pilgrimage to Meccah," to be published by
there are but five volumes “out of copyright.” The Messrs. George Bell & Sons. — Mr. H. G. Wells is too
other two, which are owned by Messrs. Bentley, must busy anent the new university for London; but he will
wait.— Mrs. W. K. Clifford has nearly finished a long not fail to have a new novel ready later in the year.-
novel to be published by our newest publishing house, Mr. Copinger, the late President of the English Biblio-
Messrs. Gerald Duckworth & Co., in the summer.— The graphical Society, has just issued the second volume of
story which Mr. Theodore Watts-Dunton has had in his supplement to Hain's “Repertorium.” It is not
type for so many years, and about which Mr. Coulson stated that the Government will present him with an


220
[April 1,
THE DIAL
illuminated address; but if ever a bibliographer deserved and reckless leaders whose action would have invited
canonization, Mr. Copinger is that bibliographer.—The destruction. But he was equal to the emergency. He
Clarendon Press is still busy publishing books that every was the Samuel Adams of the Free State cause. He
one wants and nobody buys.— The Cambridge Press is had coolness, caution, and diplomacy, joined to perfect
busy doing likewise, except that it has issued, in thirteen courage and an inflexible steadfastness of purpose.
mighty quarto volumes, the papers of the late Dr. Cayley, Having the great cause at heart, and loving his country
a work, of course, which nobody could buy, try as he better than he loved himself, he sought to subordinate
would. We have had a little talk about " The Ballad all minor considerations and compose all differences of
of Reading Gaol,” by “C. 33," and it is likely to lead opinion and of policy. He had the rarest patience and
to some sort of prison reform. A great many of us forbearance, and the wise moderation which is born of
think it good poetry; a great many others say it is not self-control. He held extreme measures in check, and
art; the rest have not read it. — I hear strange rumors deprecated any act of folly which might place his cause
about the poet laureate being engaged on an ode on the in antagonism to the Constitution and the laws. With-
new bacon and tea company, “Liptons.” There may be out these qualities which he so happily combined in
something in it; for Mr. T. P. O'Connor, in « The himself, it is difficult to believe that success would have
Weekly Sun," says that “ Liptons” is the one topic of been possible; and with them he was able to lead the
conversation in the best drawing-rooms of the West End: way safely through the labyrinth of lawlessness and dis-
and he ought to know. - The celebration, this year, of order to the final triumph of liberty and peace. Not
the '98 movement in Ireland is to be a mighty fine affair, Kansas only, but the nation itself, should cherish his
and we are to have reprints and new books galore on memory; for his work paved the way for the overthrow
the subject. The committee of management in Dublin of slavery in the United States and its abolition through-
is busy arranging and organizing and disagreeing on the out the civilized world.
details and with each other, most delightfully; but you
The bust of Governor Robinson is the work of Mr.
can be sure of this: that the visitors here, from your Lorado Taft, the Chicago sculptor, and it was fitly
side of the water, will have a good time next May. placed in the chapel of the State University. Governor
There is to be a fine and handsome collected edition of Robinson was one of the founders of this institution.
the novels of Sheridan LeFanu, a writer who deserves He was its devoted friend and liberal helper while he
more than he ever got. The publishers are to be Downey lived, and he bequeathed to it the bulk of his large for-
& Co., the firm which is issuing the illustrated edition tune. He has been aptly called “the father of the Uni-
of Lever's novels and the American translation of Bal versity," and I cannot better conclude this brief notice
zac's “La Comédie Humaine."— Mr. Sidney Lee's ad than by quoting the words of one of its regents in ac-
mirable biography of Shakespeare as printed in the cepting the bust:
Dictionary of National Biography” is to be reissued in “So long as there remains on the map of the earth a spot
separate form, as was Mr. Henley's essay on Burns. called Kansas, and so long as there remains even the dimmest
Mr. Max Beerbohm is going out to the Caucasus Moun tradition that there was a long, heroic, and finally successful
tains to rescue Prometheus. He has been reading the struggle there for freedom, and so long as there remains one
matter up very carefully lately, and he has told us all stone upon another of the stately walls of this University, which
about it in this week's “ Saturday Review.” I do not
was the apple of his eye, so long will live the name and the
know who is to publish the account of his journey; prob-
fragrant memory of Charles Robinson,"
ably the Royal Geographical Society. In any case, here
GEORGE W. JULIAN.
is a good chance for an enterprising publisher.
Irvington, Ind., March 26, 1898.
TEMPLE Scott.
"THE PLIGHT OF THE BOOKSELLER."
(To the Editor of TAE DIAL.)
In
your article on “The Plight of the Bookseller," in
COMMUNICATIONS.
your issue of March 16, you say, “ The statement was
recently made that one of these [department] stores
AN HONOR WORTHILY BESTOWED,
could afford to retail an invoice of books for the
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
net cost of the bill and still leave a profit.'” Such a
In compliance with an Act of the Legislature of statement, if made in good faith, must have been made
Kansas, an admirable likeness in marble of Ex-Governor by one of the multitude who patronize the department
Robinson has lately been completed and placed in the stores, rather than by one familiar with their manage-
college chapel of the State University at Lawrence. In ment. The book department conducted by these estab-
thus honoring her first governor and the hero of the lishments is run to make money, as much as any other
forces of freedom in " the times that tried men's souls,” department, and must meet its share of the expenses.
the State of Kansas has greatly honored herself. The When it is understood that an average profit of twenty-
struggle of the slave-masters for the spread of slavery five per cent is required to cover the cost of doing bus-
over Kansas and the vast regions involved in the issue, iness, such a statement as that quoted in your article
was their last and desperate attempt at national su will be seen in its absurdity.
premacy. It was their Armageddon, and they so under A good book man, in charge of a book department,
stood it. James Buchanan was President, and Jefferson with the backing of a large capital, has many advantages
Davis was his Secretary of War. As the leader of the over the ordinary bookseller. The marvel is that the
Free State party, Governor Robinson had to face the result is so insignificant. The only argument urged in
whole power of the national administration. He had to behalf of the “ book department” by the bookbuyer is
hold at bay the organized hordes of border ruffians the one of “cut prices,” which you are right in saying
from Missouri and other States. And the difficulties of “are not (with an occasional exception) cut so very
his situation were still further aggravated by factional much after all.” Illiteracy and ignorance is the rule
divisions in the Free State ranks, and the menace of rash behind the counters, and only less frequently is it found
77


1898.]
221
THE DIAL
in front of them. It is not an atmosphere of learning, with discrimination to the literary appetites of his cus-
in spite of the tons of " literature," such as you may tomers. In this capacity the bookseller is a sort of
reasonably expect to find in even the humblest second Professor of Books; and just so long as the really
band bookstall. But it is doing its work in a rude blun thoughtful book-purchaser is to be found, just so long
dering way. A love for the beautiful must have been will there be an opportunity for the real bookseller to
planted in many a heart that hungered (consciously) obtain a certain amount of patronage and a fair com-
only for a bargain, and got it in a “classic” degraded pensation for his services. If the statement in the ex-
in its outward form as a diamond would be set in brass. cellent article on “ The Plight of the Bookseller," in the
A large proportion of American book readers are un last issue of THE DIAL, that “a good bookstore, stocked
educated women who rarely visit bookshops and who with serious literature, and conducted by people who
frequent dry goods stores. There is no serious side to know something of the books they sell, is a civilizing
their reading; it is simply a habit. They seldom have agency of the highest importance to every community,"
the set purpose of buying a book. Their wants are be true, it ought to come about that an institution of
hosiery or gloves; they buy books casually. This ac such economic value will be preserved by the economic
counts for the book department in the department store forces which, optimistically speaking, work for the ad-
and defines its success. It cannot take the place of vancement of civilization. Of course this view of the
the book store until it changes its atmosphere, which it matter does not give definite consolation to the book-
is not likely to do in the immediate future.
seller who is struggling with present conditions. Com-
The publisher has it in his power to protect the book- petition in all lines of commerce results in changed
seller and the general good of the trade. Class distinc methods, and the business of bookselling cannot be ex-
tions should be abolished. By that I mean that ministers empt from this law.
CHARLES M. ROE.
and teachers, who form a large percentage of the book-
Chicago, March 25, 1898.
buying class, should not be offered special discounts and
invited to purchase direct from the publisher. The
publisher's announcement reads, “ For sale by all book-
ROMANCE IN AMERICAN HISTORY.
sellers, or sent postpaid on receipt of price,” etc. I
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
wonder how many publishers there are who “receive
In the interest of the romantic element in our history,
the price” by mail from a customer living in a town will you allow me a word of protest against the rather
where there is a responsible bookseller, who send the summary fashion in which THE DIAL's recent review of
book so ordered by mail to the bookseller, enclose to Miss Katharine Lee Bates's “ American Literature"
him the difference between the list price and the whole pronounces her references to the “ Pocahontas yarn,
sale price, and request that the book be delivered to the Cotton Mather and witchcraft, and Ethan Allen at
person who ordered it? I never heard of a publisher Ticonderoga" superficial and misleading. "Historical
who did such a thing, and yet I believe such a policy scholarship” does indeed distinguish, as Miss Bates has
would bring great returns to the publisher and result in done, between Smith's first allusion to Pocahontas, given
great benefit to the bookseller. First, he would feel in the “True Relation” (1608), and the account of her
that he was the publisher's agent in a new sense. Second,
kind offices to the Colonists which he gave to Queen
it would enable him to know, and come in touch with, Anne in 1616. Mr. Henry Adams, Mr. Henry Cabot
the local book-buying public. He could buy more intel Lodge, and Mr. Alexander Bruce have followed Dean in
ligently, carry a larger stock with less risk, and build up regarding the tomahawk of Powbatan and his daugh-
his business to the point where it would be “a civilizing ter's entreaties as a picturesque embellishment; but
agency of the highest importance to the community." Smith bas stanch defenders in Mr. William Wirt Henry,
Another thing that the publisher might do to protect Prof. John Fiske, and Mr. Edward Aber. The charge
the bookseller, and benefit the general good of the of falsehood should always be coupled with the narra-
trade, is to adhere to the old distinction between “whole tor's own assertion that the plea for Pocahontas might
saler” and “retailer.” The manner of disposition of
have been presented from a “more worthy pen,” but not
the purchase should be considered rather than the quan-
from “a more honest heart."
tity purchased. The large department store, with an
As to Cotton Mather's share in the witchcraft delu-
outlet greater, perhaps, than the jobber who sells to the sion, one has but to read his own “Memorable Provi-
small bookseller, should not be able to buy as cheaply
dences” or “ Wonders of the Invisible World” to con-
as the jobber; neither should the small bookseller pay
clude with Dr. W.F. Poole, who contributed the chapter
more for the same book than the department store which
on witchcraft in Boston to Winsor's “Narrative and
sells only at retail. I think it can be successfully main- | Critical History of America,” that Mather “never
tained that the distinction between wholesale and retail wavered from a full belief in the reality of witchcraft
selling, once clearly defined, but now apparently lost and diabolical possession," although “his mind was
sight of in the trade, is largely responsible for the pres greatly perplexed as to the nature and meaning of the
ent “ Plight of the Bookseller.” WILLIAM S. LORD.
phenomena."
Evanston, Ill., March 23, 1898.
Ethan Allen's part in the taking of Ticonderoga inay
have been exaggerated by his biographers, but for the
THE BOOKSELLER AS AN EDUCATOR.
authenticity of his famous summons to surrender, quoted
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
by Miss Bates, we have no less a witness than his own
The « Book Lovers' Friend” is a term which has been
account of the expedition, printed in 1775.
justly applied to the bookseller, who, although he makes
Fortunately for those of us who believe in “enter-
his daily bread from the profits on sales of good litera-
taining” text-books, historical research is not always
ture, at the same time renders a service, not to be esti-
iconoclastic, and reference to the sources of our early
mated by dollars and cents, in calling the attention of
history may often prove that truth is even more pictur-
his customers to book treasures, new and old. He often
esque than fiction.
KATHARINE COMAN.
stands in the place of a literary adviser, ministering Wellesley, Mass., March 22, 1898.


222
[April 1,
THE DIAL
diversity of the aptitudes and tendencies of the an
in the plan of life,— all impregnated with an air of the
The New Books.
old Latin civilization, oftener manifest in humble spheres
than in the class which ought longest to have preserved
it. Wishing to learn something of the political tenden-
FRANCE : THE STUDY OF A NATION.* cies of the district, I asked about the rumored retire-
ment of the deputy; but my inquiry only elicited the
Mr. Bodley's “ France " is the most import- phrase, often and often repeated to me since then, Je
ant and suggestive work of its class that has ne m'occupe pas de politique, Monsieur.' When the old
appeared since the publication of Mr. Bryce's man said this, there was no anger nor scorn in his tone,
" American Commonwealth.” In it the author
such as a reference to the Government of France called
forth from the occupants of the neighboring château
essays to do for the student of political France
which I had left that morning. The members of this
what Mr. Bryce did for the student of political worthy family had no ill-will for the Republic, nor
America ; and of his pronounced success in the indeed for any régime which allowed them to pursue
essential part of this needed undertaking there
their callings tranquilly; but politics were not to them
can be no question. He has enriched political
an occupation for steady and industrious people."*
literature with an admirable specimen of insti-
Mr. Bodley's book is the fruit of a seven
tutional exposition—a scholarly product of un-
years' sojourn in France, the whole of which
stinted labor and thorough execution that must period was spent in preparation. Though not
command the respect even of those least inclined free from occasional Gallicisms and perhaps
to sympathize with certain fundamental predi- hardly avoidable adaptations from current con-
lections of its author. Mr. Bodley's treatment tinental political writing, the style is in general
of his subject is a mean between the contrary
no less admirable than the matter. One gets,
methods of his famous predecessors, Arthur too, an impression of a certain studied elegance
Young and De Tocqueville, whose respective that recalls by contrast the almost colloquial
masterpieces serve to exhibit the fundamental plainness of Mr. Bryce, who with an abund-
ance of political philosophy never affects the
Anglo-Saxon and the Gallic mind. Of the turn political philosopher. But Mr. Bodley's mean-
for generalization, for detecting the latent ing is always clear. In fact, we think it would
strand of connecting principle between facts be difficult to name a half-dozen political studies
seemingly disparate, so eminently displayed by of its class and importance that can be read
the philosophic Frenchman, Mr. Bodley's pages through so easily and continuously, we may add
evince no inconsiderable share; while they are so pleasurably, as this one.
also lit and vivified at intervals by pictures of
Mr. Bodley indulges pretty freely in politico-
men and manners such as form the staple of historical reflections (at times rather question-
the English traveller's immortal roving diary.
able ones, as it seems to us), and his opening
The keen-eyed and practical “Suffolk Squire volume is largely an inquiry into the relations
might himself have written the following pass.
of modern France with the Revolution. The
age, for instance, illustrative of the prevailing lengthy Introduction is mainly devoted to a
indifference of the French nation to politics general consideration of this topic, after which
and politicians — an indifference, be it said, the writer proceeds to appraise and define the
that not infrequently borders on contempt, and Revolution, and to exhibit the fate in France
finds its counterpart in most democratically to-day of the ground ideas and fundamental
governed countries of to-day.
maxims which the apostles of that movement
"It was the home and workshop of a wood-carver, proclaimed amid such unbounded hope and
whose skill, famed through the region, had long dis- enthusiasm. What, for instance, is the stand-
pensed him the need for manual toil, which he loved ing under the Third Republic of the grandiose
with the zeal of a craftsman of old. This simple pro-
motto of the first one:
vincial family composed a characteristic French groups Fraternity”? Is the Frenchman under M,
“ Liberty, Equality,
vigorous and orderly, keeping the books as well as the Félix Faure free — comparatively uninterfered
with by his government, and does he prize his
the War, lately married to a young cultivator of the freedom? Is he contentedly “ as good as,"
neighborhood, also present, who had completed his mil-
itary service. This room full of contented people con-
and no better than, his neighbor? Is he, in
tained the materials that promote the prosperity and
any considerable humanly attainable degree,
real glory of France-industry, thrift, family sentiment, his neighbor's brother ? To this triple inquiry
artistic instinct, cultivation of the soil, cheerful per-
formance of patriotic duty, and collaboration of women
* The idea meant to be conveyed by the above passage was
tersely expressed in the Assembly, in 1875, by M. Laboulaye:
FRANCE. By John Edward Courtenay Bodley. In two “We present the spectacle of a tranquil people with agitated
volumes. New York: The Macmillan Co.
legislators."
-


1898.]
223
THE DIAL
Mr. Bodley devotes three searching and rather this country) necessarily a sign of indifference
ironical chapters, with the last of which Book I. to liberty and latent preference for authorita-
closes. In Book II., which concludes the open tive rule. It is the sense of freedom, the knowl-
ing volume, the author begins the more directly edge that one can have one's say when one
descriptive portion of his work, under the chooses, that counts for most with most men ;
chapter-headings 6 The Constitution,” “The and the outwardly apathetic citizen who does
Chief of the State.” Volume II. is devoted to not take the trouble to cast his vote twice in a
“ The Parliamentary System,” including “ The decade may nevertheless willingly face death in
Upper Chamber,” “ The Chamber of Deputies defence of his right to cast it, if that right be
and the Electoral System,” “ The Composition seriously threatened. Unless French humanity
of the Chamber of Deputies,” “ Parliamentary is radically different from humanity in general,
Procedure and Practice,” “ Ministers, Minis- each generation that grows up in France under
tries, and the Parliamentary System,” “Cor the Republican régime is on the whole less
ruption under the Republic," and to “ Political likely than its predecessor to relapse willingly
Parties,” including “ The Group System," into a sheep-like submission to an autocrat -
“ The Royalists," " " The Plebiscitary Element,” even though he prove to be the bon tyrän of
“ The Ralliés,” “ The Left Centre," “ The Op Renan's optimistic dreams. The possibility of
portunists,"
” « The Radicals," • The Socialist a despotism resting on a plébiscite grows re-
Group.” Incidentally the author touches briefly moter, as the French character loses by degrees
upon a variety of topics germane to the main the impress of the mould of centuries of arbi-
inquiry, such as political indifference, the de trary local and central rule.
French republi-
cadence of parliament, corrupt practices, min canism may perhaps again suffer a partial
isterial instability, Republican morals, the eclipse ; but it is our conviction that it will
army, the Panama scandals, and so on.
emerge from the shadow undimmed as before,
Mr. Bodley's tone, we may say at once, is and that the class represented by Mr. Bodley's
somewhat reactionary throughout, and indicates indifferent wood-carver (whose incivisme might
anything but an abiding faith in the endurance well have cost him his head in the fiery days of
of the parliamentary system established by the '93) will become in time as proof as its Amer-
Constitution of 1875. It is in the union of ican counterpart against the snares and seduc-
this later system with the older Napoleonic tions of a Louis Napoleon or a Boulanger.
fabric of close-knit centralization that he sees With Mr. Bodley's view of the French Revo-
the potent cause of the pessimism of French lution we do not, in the main, find ourselves in
political writers. Infected himself, perhaps, by sympathy. Accepting almost unqualifiedly
this pessimism, Mr. Bodley is of the discour Taine's view of that movement, he quotes with
aging opinion that the only hope of an improved implied approval these strangely uncharacter-
state of things for France lies in the prospect istic words of Renan :
of the voice of the nation delegating its powers “If we turn away from the grandiose fatality of the
to an authoritative hand instead of to parlia Revolution, all that is left is odious and horrible : a
mentary government - a prospect which, one
nameless orgie, a monstrous fray into which madmen,
would think, the memory of Sedan must serve
incapables, and miscreants rush, told by their instinct
that their opportunity is come, and that victory is for
to render somewhat less seductive to the French
the most repulsive of mankind. Every crime and every
imagination. The proneness of Frenchmen to insanity seem to have united to produce the success of
the saving course indicated by Mr. Bodley is the Days of Revolution."
amply attested by history, and there is perhaps Those who condemn the Revolution are in
in the Celtic nature an inveterate yearning for general given to “ turning away" in their ap-
a leader; but we cannot but think that every praisals of it from all but its bloody episodes
additional year of the life of the Third Republic and wild sectaries, much as writers hostile to
adds to its chances of permanency, and lesseng the Reformation incline to “turn away" from
the likelihood that the French, captivated anew Luther and fix their eyes firmly on John of
by some strong or showy personality, or yield Leyden and the Munster Anabaptists. It is to
ing again to the spell of a name, will once more be regretted that Mr. Bodley has steeped his
vote
away their hard-won privilege of having, mind in Taine, to the exclusion of such modi-
when they choose to exercise it, the controlling fying influences as the sane and judicial Mig-
voice in the management of their own concerns. net, or, better still, the clear and literal narra-
Indifference to politics, of which Mr. Bodley tive of the latest considerable historian of the
makes so much, is by no means (as we know in French Revolution, Professor Morse Stephens.


224
[April 1,
THE DIAL
Owing his conceptions mainly to the source bered the prolonged agonies of victims of the
indicated, Mr. Bodley's reflections touching the wheel or the stake. Before the “ humanitarian
Revolution are sometimes impaired by the as philosophy" at which it is the fashion nowa-
sumption that the violent and sanguinary course days to sneer did away with it, the wheel was
of the movement in its later phases was wholly set up regularly in the principal cities of France,
or essentially due to something inherent in its and the voice of the crier was heard in the
nature or to the depravity or the incapacity of streets as he hawked pamphlets announcing the
its leaders, whereas it was in fact largely, and fate of the victims.
we believe mainly, external danger, real or “ The common people crowded about the scaffold,
fancied, and internal dissension, that forced and the rich did not always scorn to hire windows over-
upon France the iron despotism and ruthless looking the scene. The condemned man was first
policy of the Terror. It is difficult to set
stretched upon a cross and struck by the executioner
eleven times with iron bar, every stroke breaking a
limit to the right of self-defence; and when the
bone. The poor wretch was then laid on his back on a
infant Republic, charged, as its votaries firmly cart-wheel, his broken bones protruding through his
believed, with the highest hopes, not of France flesh, his head hanging, his brow dripping bloody sweat,
alone, but of humanity, found itself threatened and left to die. A priest muttered religious consolation
by his side. By such sights as these was the populace
by treachery and invasion without and by an-
of the French cities trained to enjoy the far less inhu-
archy and treachery within, it threw to the
man spectacle of the guillotine." *
winds its benign theories, suspended its free
Madame Roland, as a girl, was once startled
constitution, and turned France into an armed
from her books by the trampling of an excited
camp, in the midst of which it erected, as a
mob hastening on its way to the Place de la
grim monitor to all who might be tempted to Grève, where two youths were to suffer death
swerve a hair's breadth from the paths drawn
by the wheel and the stake. People were crowd-
in accordance with the new ideals, the guillo-
ing to the house-tops to view the appalling
tine. In fixing the responsibility for the blood
spectacle. The future republican, though a
shed by the Republic in its hour of peril, the
true daughter of the Seine, shrank from the
share therein of reactionary Europe, of the
hideous sight; but she could not shut out the
recusant priests and the emigrés, must not be
sbrieks of the victims nor the smell of the burn-
forgotten.
ing faggots. The cries of one of the wretches,
Mr. Bodley finds that “the peculiar harsh-
who lived for twelve hours on the wheel, rang
ness of Frenchmen to Frenchmen in their
po-
litical capacity dates from the Revolution.”
in her ears throughout the night. She writes
in her Memoirs :
From what, then, we may ask, dated the pecu-
“ In truth, human nature is not at all estimable con-
liar harshness of Frenchmen to Frenchmen
sidered en masse. I cannot conceive what can thus
during the Revolution? In the same vein he
excite the curiosity of thousands to see two of their
moralizes on the psychological results of the fellow-creatures die. . . Yes, tbe pitiless mob ap-
daily spectacle of the guillotine at work, and plauded the tortures of the criminals as if at a play."
animadverts (not very profoundly) on “a And the same pitiless mob was one day to
humanitarian philosophy” that “ led to such follow, with jeers and plaudits and greedy an-
depths of inhuman ferocity that to see unfor- ticipation, the tumbril which bore her to the
tunates sent to execution was a spectacle to scaffold — a serene and shining figure that will
which the mothers of Paris brought their chil not soon die in the memory of that “ Impartial
dren." Does Mr. Bodley seriously mean to tell Posterity” to which she made her final appeal.
us that the gloating joy of the bags who knitted The antipathy for the French Revolution of a
in the red shadow of the guillotine was born of conservative, somewhat prosaic, Englishman,
that “humanitarian philosophy" not the least imbued with a lingering notion of the sacro-
of whose titles to respect is that it raised its sanct character of throne and altar and pre-
voice in fearless protest against the barbarities scriptive titles, is not unintelligible; but we
of the ancient criminal law of France? A mo confess we do not understand how a French-
ment's reflection must have reminded him that
man endowed with a grain of patriotism and a
it was the Old Regime, and not the Republic, scintilla of sympathy with human progress can
that bred in the French populace a taste for these in cool blood stigmatize as a “nameless orgie
bloody spectacles. To the older habitués of the
of “madmen, miscreants, and incapables” the
Place de la Révolution, the Republican trage-
* From Mr. E. J. Lowell's “The Eve of the French Revo-
dies enacted thereon must have seemed compar-
lution,” an excellent little book not generally unfavorable in
atively tame and spiritless, when they remem tone to the Old Régime.
.


1898.]
225
THE DIAL
great movement that lightened the burdens and political possibility. Again, Mr. Bodley lays
confirmed the civic manhood of two-thirds of stress on the unabated thirst of the French for
his countrymen. The French Revolution was orders and decorations—and especially on their
assuredly not made, as Danton said, “ with unwarranted assumption of nobiliary titles, a
rosewater.” Those who extol it most deplore practice which has grown to such a pitch lat-
its follies and excesses. But had the good it terly that dubious counts and barons are as
wrought been confined to its sweeping away of thick at Paris (we trust American heiresses will
fiscal inequalities alone, it would not be with take note of this as leaves in Vallom brosa, or as
out a fair title to the respect of posterity. civilian “ Colonels in Kentucky and titular
To the faint-hearted believer in representa “Squires” and “Judges " in old New England.
tive democracy, Mr. Bodley's view of the pres Mr. Bodley deals frankly yet tactfully with
ent attitude of the French towards the terms what he deems the especially noteworthy and
of the republican device, “ Liberty, Equality, suggestive faults and follies of the time. An
and Fraternity,” will prove somewhat discour- unpleasant trait of the Republic is its not infre-
aging—almost as much so as Mr. Lecky's recent quent manifestation of intolerance, notably the
lugubrious reflections on the decline of parlia scandalous readiness of certain soi-disant offi.
mentarism in general. Whatever may be its cial upholders of free thought to borrow a leaf
faults, we do not see how anything but parlia-
from the book of its one time oppressors by
mentarism is possible now for that portion of attempting to penalize religious observances
the world that has grown up to it. It is hardly and to set up irreligion as a standard of citi-
conceivable that any intelligent people that has zenship. Clearly, the repressions and hatreds
for long exercised the adult privilege of vot of the old régime have cast a still lingering
ing its own taxes, speaking its own mind, and shadow on the new. Mr. Bodley deplores the
generally controlling its own business, could, levity of that largely ornamental class which
under normal conditions and in the absence of rejoices in the imperfectly deserved title of “la
national decay, suddenly develop a taste for the haute société Parisienne". -its abstention from
infantile leading-strings of absolutism. It is public affairs and serious interests of any kind,
fair to say that Mr. Bodley's ideal system for its severance from the class dignified by intel-
France is, not absolutism pure and simple, lect and achievement, its ape-like mimicry of
but a hybrid compound of Imperialism and English ways, its seeming effort to transform
Parliamentarism, an arrangement symbolized Paris into a mere cosmopolitan city of pleasure
by certain beautiful gold coins bearing the and common casino of nations. As M. Anatole
revolutionary date “ An. XII.,” which show on Leroy-Beaulieu still more harshly puts it:
one face the legend “ Napoléon Empereur, “Les hautes classes sout inconsciemment les grands fauteurs
and on the reverse “ République Française.”
du socialisme. Leur vie est une prédication contre la société.
La frivolité impertinente de la jeunesse de nos salons, l'oisiveté
Of the instability of the present Republic, or ridiculement affairée de nos 'sportsmen et de nos clubmen,'
at least of its slight hold on the people, Mr. l'étalage outrageant de la débauche élégante, quelles leçons
Bodley finds signs and symptoms not a few.
pour le peuple de la rue !"
The indifference, bordering on contempt, of It is the people of the provinces who, with their
the bulk of the French for their legislators, we silent, sober energy, constitute the real saving
have already noted. But was there ever a gov force of France, and keep her in the front rank
ernment in France of which the industrial of nations, in spite of the follies committed in
masses took much note
except, indeed, when her beautiful capital. And apart from the
it became especially bad ? The phenomenon mass of the people, with their excellent quali-
of political indifferentism is, we venture to say, ties of stability and diligence, there are, thinks
as common in America as in France. Had Mr. the author, “three great but dissimilar bodies
Bodley visited us and questioned people of the in the nation, the virtues of which counterbal-
order of his French wood-carver as to their con ance the ill done by the conspicuous classes
gressman, he would unquestionably in many
whose words and deeds fill the newspapers.”
cases have received a reply (seasoned at times These are the Army, the University, and the
with a robust expletive or two) equivalent to “Je Clergy.
ne m'occupe pas de politique, Monsieur.” But On the topic of the comparatively low birth-
he would have been quite wrong had he inferred rate in France, the author touches in a rather
from this that events were justifying Jefferson's incidental and cursory way. To a philosophic
dread of “monocracy,” and that a King or an observer it might seem a little odd that a coun-
Emperor of the United States was a looming try which has fairly attained that millennial
:


226
[April 1,
THE DIAL
His ex-
state pictured by Malthusian economists in idleness, wasting capital, pecuniary distress,
which prudential checks on population effectu want, suffering, anxiety,— he was startled, and
ally prevent the pressure of numbers on the he set about to discover the cause. We value
means of subsistence, should on that account be bim for what he tried to do. “ Progress and
an object of such general commiseration and Poverty ” was an immensely interesting and
dismal prophecy. The Napoleonic view that attractive book on a seemingly sapless science.
places first among the national virtues the It struck fire from flint, and lifted the author
rapid propagation of food for powder evidently from obscurity to world-wide celebrity. Emer-
survives.
son says that every man is eloquent in that
Mr. Bodley's book is less comprehensive than which he understands. It would be, perhaps,
Mr. Bryce's, in that it by no means covers the truer to say that every man is eloquent in that
whole field of government. Dwelling exten. in which he fervently believes, and George be-
sively, in bis opening volume, on historical lieved that he had given a message. To quote
relations, he has thought best to limit the scope his own words: “On the night on which I
of the remainder of the work to an account of finished the final chapter of Progress and
the Executive and Legislative powers which Poverty,' I felt that the talent entrusted to me
have operated during the last quarter of the had been accounted for was more fully satis-
century, reserving for a future and independent fied, more deeply grateful, than if all the King-
volume a study of the jurisdictions of the great doms of the earth had been laid at
my
feet."
interior departments of the State, which in No one doubts his sincerity, his intellectual
France survive revolutions and changes of integrity, the cleanliness of his soul.
régime. Thus, the promised volume will deal pectations were infinite, his faith simple. The
with the Centralized Administration, the Church poverty of the world lay not in Nature but in a
and Education, the Judicial and Fiscal Sys- vicious economic system ; and he thought that
tems, and with questions relating to Capital he had found a “sovereign remedy" which
and Labor, to the Colonies and the Army. would “raise wages, increase the earnings of
Mr. Bodley's book may safely be pronounced capital, extirpate pauperism, abolish poverty,
the book of the season, and it should be in the give remunerative employment to whoever
hands of everyone desiring a scholarlike knowl wishes it, afford free scope to human powers,
edge of political France of to-day. E. G. J. lessen crime, elevate morals and taste and intel-
ligence, purify government, and carry civiliza-
tion to yet nobler heights."
This was, of course, fatuity. His suggestion
HENRY GEORGE AND HIS FINAL WORK.* of the confiscation of all ground-rent, as a uni-
Henry George died fighting one of the most
versal corrective and solvent, has been thor-
corrupt political organizations of the civilized
oughly discredited by political economists ; and
world — a sufficient epitaph for any worthy he felt this fact keenly. The assent of the
man. But he has larger claims to respect and
unthinking multitude did not satisfy him. He
consideration. He made a creditable attempt
craved recognition from the technically in-
to solve the root-problem of material life —
structed, and this doubtless is the inspiration
poverty, - and his just-published posthumous of his posthumous work. He complains that:
book, “ The Science of Political Economy,'
“While a few of these professional economists, driven
excites that pathetic interest which attaches to
to say something about. Progress and Poverty,' resorted
to misrepresentation, the majority preferred to rely upon
the memory of one who tried to aid his fellow-
their official positions, in wbich they were secure by the
man. He was eloquent, but he was free from interests of the dominant class, and to treat as beneath
the hysteria of demagogy. His sympathies, contempt a book circulated by thousands in the three
born of bitter vicissitude, were acute, but they
great English-speaking countries and translated into all
the important modern languages. Thus the professors
were tempered with reason. He believed in
of political economy seemingly rejected the simple
the equality of opportunity ; but he believed teachings of • Progress and Poverty,' refrained from
also (as an American and an individualist) in meeting with disproof or argument what it had laid
the natural inequality of capacity. When he
down, and treated it with contemptuous silence."
saw the industrial evils of the Old World re Wishing to justify himself to the specialist,
appear in one of the richest and fairest parts of he embraced the mistake of an elaborate, formal
the New - commercial depression, involuntary
treatise on "The Science of Political Econ-
*THE SCIENCE OF POLITICAL ECONOMY. By Henry George.
omy.” A duller work has not appeared within
New York: Doubleday & McClure Co.
a year and a day. We look in vain for the


1898.]
227
THE DIAL
dramatic instinct which characterized the com difficult, because everything that exists or hap-
position of " Progress and Poverty.” No two pens is natural. The primary postulate is not
books written on the same subject and by the selfishness, but it is that men seek to gratify
same hand could be more dissimilar. And yet their desires with the least exertion. The sci-
the last book is merely a repetition of the first ence of political economy is concerned, he says,
in the sense that it embodies no new important with the permanent, not with the transient. It
principle. John Morley says in the preface to deals not with human enactments or municipal
his smaller Burke : “A man may once say a laws, but natural laws, and has no more refer-
thing as he would have it said — he cannot say ence to political divisions than have the laws
it twice."
of mechanics, optics, or gravitation. Is this
In this book Henry George reiterates that true? Would not the advent of Bellamyism,
land is not wealth ; that agriculture is not sub and the consequent abolition of competition,
ject to the law of diminishing return; that exchange, and money, make modern political
Malthusianism is infatuated pessimism ; that economy a hieroglyph ?
industry is not limited by capital ; that wages George excludes land as wealth under the
are paid out of the current product, and not following definition : “Wealth consists of nat-
out of capital ; that, therefore, wages cannot be ural products that have been secured, moved,
diminished by the increase of laborers; that combined, separated, or in other ways modified
wages are low where rent is high; that rent by buman exertion so as to fit them for the
tends to absorb all profit, and should be con gratification of human desires.” But surely
fiscated as an “unearned increment.” All of land is modified, improved, or exhausted by
which “Progress and Poverty” to the con human labor; the physical possession of it is
trary notwithstanding — still await demonstra- transferable, it has value in exchange, and may
tion. In his last work, he reserved the elabora be sold for the products of human labor. Why,
tion of nearly all these propositions to Book IV., then, is it not wealth ? Every business man
part of which remains unwritten.
knows that it is. Properly considered, the sci-
He approaches the arduous task of compre ence of political economy, like the science of
hensive definition with simplicity of confidence. astronomy, is an observation and analysis of
He is impatient with the mistakes of his prede- what is, not of what conceivably might be. It
cessors, and he enters into the usual wrangle is not an ethical precept, and the failure to
over terminology. When John Stuart Mill said recognize this vitiates George's whole treatise.
that everyone has a notion, sufficiently correct He attacks the law of diminishing return in
for common purposes, of what is meant by agriculture (although afterwards he bases his
wealth, that we all know that it is one thing to whole doctrine of rent upon it), on the ground
be rich and another thing to be enlightened, that it is not benevolent. But Nature is not
brave, or humane, he was hooted for his want benevolent; else why should a half million of
of precision. He was even heretical enough to people have died of starvation in India last
say: Whether the skill of a workman or any year? Why is everyone born under a death
other natural or acquired power of body or sentence? Even if space permitted, it would be
mind shall be called wealth, is a question not tedious and profitless to follow him in detailed
of very great importance. This “slovenliness criticism through his theory of value; his falla-
of thought” made the pedants gasp, and lo! cious analogies in physical science and pseudo-
and now Marshall has reformed it altogether. metaphysics ; his laborious explication of nat-
In passing, George takes a hit at him, which uralism. The reader himself will look into the
appeals to the American sense of humor. He book if he deems it worth while. But, save a
ridicules his
chapter on money, which is a remarkably lucid
“Occasional bursts of such thunderous sound as 'external account of fiatism, it would seem hardly worth
material-transferable goods,'. internal-non-transferable while.
goods,' material-external-non-transferable goods, and It is interesting to note that George disa-
personal-external-transferable goods,' with all their
vowed socialism. 6. It takes no account of
respective singulars. There is in English no singular
for the word goods, and the reason is that there is
natural laws, neither seeking them nor striving
no need for one, since when we want to express the idea to be governed by them. ... It is a proposi-
of a single item or article in a lot of goods, it is better tion to bring back mankind to the socialism of
to use the specific noun.”
Peru.” And yet George's scheme of rent con-
George endeavors to identify the laws of fiscation leads straight to socialism. It is incon-
political economy with Nature, and this is not ceivable that four million and a half of farmers


228
[April 1,
THE DIAL
in the United States, not to speak of city house tion, not revolution. Socialism is an intellectual
holders, could be dispossessed of title without vanity; an ambitious humanitarianism dis-
retaliating. What would be done with the regardful of the two profoundest instincts in
mortgages on the farms ? Would the farmer human nature, the sense of personal property
be compelled to pay them? Would the State and of personal liberty. Prediction is labori-
assume them, or would it confiscate them? Is ous failure; the future cannot be pigeon-holed.
there not an unearned increment in railway Nicholson
says of Utopias : “ The imagination
shares, wages, professional fees, and all material has very limited powers of construction com-
personal property? Wherein, too, in the realm pared with Nature ; on the one side we have a
of absolute ethics, is the title of a nation better short span of life and a small brain, and on the
than that of an individual ? It is founded on other eternity and the universe.”
discovery, conquest, or purchase, and is main-
OLIVER T. MORTON.
tained by force. Assuming that there is a land
question in a country of limited area, such as
Great Britain, an equal division of agricultural
and ground rent together, apart from the inter-
THE STORY OF HAWAII's QUEEN.*
est on capital invested, would give to each per-
son there about one dollar a month. Would Freedom from the cares of state which the
that abolish poverty ?
once Queen of Hawaii has of late enjoyed, has
In George's second book, "Social Problems," afforded her the opportunity of writing the story
he hints at the confiscation of the national debt. of her life and presenting to the American
He asks if the pecuniary obligations of one's public, in a volume entitled “ Hawaii's Story,”
great-grandfather should bind posterity. Once her side of an oft-told tale.
her side of an oft-told tale. Descended from
admit the principle of confiscation, it grows won-
an ancient chief, a counsellor of Kamehameha I.,
derfully. In a debate with Hyndman, the En the first Hawaiian monarch, the Princess Lydia
glish socialist, George said: “I can understand was adopted at birth, in accordance with the
how a society must at some time become possible prevailing Hawaiian custom, into the family of
in which all production and exchange should be another chief. In 1862 she was married to
carried on under public supervision and for the General J. O. Dominis, son of an English sea-
public benefit, but I do not think it possible to captain, who died during her brief reign as
attain that step at one leap, or to attain it now.' queen. She was proclaimed heir-apparent,
Nevertheless, he helped to blaze the way to it. Liliuokalani, by her brother King Kalakaua
But alas for human nature and for the dream in 1877, and from that time took a deep inter-
of the socialist! There is one place in this im- est in the political projects of the king, sympa-
perfect world of ours — and perhaps only one thizing with his efforts to aggrandize the crown.
where life is serious and well-ordered, where The death of the king in 1892 brought her to
absolute equality prevails, where production is the throne, where she continued the policy
regulated and labor and reward are evenly ap which her brother had inaugurated.
portioned, where men live in accordance with The story of her early life and education in
the law of wholesome average and hygiene, a missionary family is briefly told. Of her
where they rise early and retire seasonably, musical ability she writes :
where they wear warm and sufficient but not “I scarcely remember the days when it would not
superfine clothing, where they work eight hours have been possible for me to write either the words or
a day, where they attend religious services,
the music for any occasion on which poetry or song was
needed. To compose was as natural to me as to breathe;
where there is no luxurious and profitless living,
and this gift of nature, never having been suffered to
where there is no idleness, no vice, no profan fall into disuse, remains a source of the greatest conso-
ity, no dissipation, no extravagance, no money,
lation to this day. I have never numbered my compo-
no gambling, no speculation, no exchange, no sitions, but am sure that they must run well up to the
hundreds."
swindling, no tricks of trade, no hunger, no
controversy, no violence, no crimes, and no mis. The account of her travels through her own
takes, -- in a word, where a few men do what realm, the United States, and England on the
revolutionary socialists would have all men do, occasion of the Queen's jubilee, is given with
and that place is the penitentiary.
minute detail and the ingenuous pride charac-
Society is a growth, not a creation; an or-
teristic of her race. She freely gives the pub-
ganism, not an empiricism. It cannot be made
Hawai's STORY. By Hawaii's Queen, Liliuokalani.
over by tinkering sciolists. Progress is evolu Boston: Lee & Shepard.


1898.]
229
THE DIAL
lic her opinions of the rulers and statesmen of people; it was merely the madness of a mob
other lands whom she has met.
incited by disappointed partisans whom the
“ Mr. Gladstone has been called The Grand Old representatives of the people had rebuked.”
Man,' yet this thought was strongly emphasized to me Alexander states that Kalakaua owed his life
also in the presence of Lord Salisbury. He has always
and his throne to American intervention, and
appeared to me to be the greater man of the two. If
his rule has been less popular and more conservative, it
for several years he depended upon the support
has required no less devoted patriotism and lofty abili-
of the foreign community.
ties. I attribute the present prosperity of the British The queen complains that her cabinets were
Empire very largely to the consummate wisdom and
never given the test of experience, that her ap-
stanch loyalty of Lord Salisbury.”
pointees were invariably voted out by the legis-
She is quick to recognize with abundant per lature “ for want of confidence” without just
sonal mention her royalist friends, and with
cause, and she regrets this unpatriotic action
even greater alertness assails her political op of the legislature; but she neglects to state that.
ponents with covert allusion and insinuation.
this body was overwhelmingly Hawaiian, and
Quite naturally, the bitter resentment which that the occasion for these repeated rejections
she feels against those who now rule her native
of her appointments was her persistent refusal
land colors her estimate of men and their mo-
to appoint men acceptable to the majority. By
tives ; indeed, in speaking of the annexation the constitution of 1887 the cabinet was respon-
treaty she says:
sible to the people alone, through the legis-
“I had prepared biographical sketches and observa- lature. The queen's refusal to accede to the
tions upon the mental structure and character of the
time-honored English procedure was thus the
most interested advocates of this measure. They have
not refrained from circulating the most vile and base-
occasion for this “unpatriotic" action of the
less slanders against me; and, as public men, they people's representatives.
seemed to me open to public discussion. But my pub One notes with interest her account of the
lishers have flatly declined to print this matter, as pos- | Hale Naua, or Temple of Science, a secret
sibly it might be construed as libellous."
organization of Kahunas or medicine men,
Her animadversions are not, however, confined whose ritual is a travesty of Masonry mingled
to recent times and the “missionary party," with pagan rites. It was founded by Kalakaua,
but revert to good Queen Emma, a rival can says Alexander, partly as an agency for the
didate at the time when the late dynasty in the revival of heathenism, partly to pander to vice,
person of King Kalakaua was placed upon and indirectly to serve as a political machine.
throne by the legislature. Her bias is evident The queen's account is as follows:
in the treatment accorded this queen's reputed “ Probably some of its forms had been taken by my
ancestry, and continues even to the account of brother from the Masonic ritual, and others may have
her burial.
been taken from the old and harmless ceremonies of the
By reason of the author's deep personal
ancient people of the Hawaiian Islands, which were
then only known to the priests of the highest orders.
interest in the events narrated, the book can-
Under the work of this organization was embraced
not be trusted to give a complete and impartial matters of science known to historians, and recognized
account of recent Hawaiian history, especially by the priests of our ancient times. The society further
of that part concerned with the long strug-
held some correspondence with similar scientific asso-
ciations in foreign lands, to whom it communicated its
gle between absolutism and constitutional gov-
proceedings. The result was some correspondence with
ernment, between the reactionary influences of those bodies, who officially accepted the theories pro-
the recent dynasty and the progressive ten pounded by the Hale Naua; and in recognition of this
dencies of Anglo-Saxon civilization represented
acceptance medals were sent from abroad to the mem-
by the element variously known as the Amer-
bers highest in rank in the Hawaiian Society."
ican, missionary, and reform party. Take, for Her signature to the notorious lottery bill
example, her account of the election of Kala- which gave the Louisiana company twenty
kaua in 1874. She states that his success was years' franchise is defended by the ex-queen on
due to his popularity among the natives. This the ground that she was compelled to sign it
affair is otherwise reported by Alexander, who by the “ bayonet” constitution, made and en-
attributes his election to the active support of forced by the missionary party, which specifies
the American party, who feared the English that the sovereign shall and must sign such
sympathies of the rival candidate Queen Emma. measures as the cabinet presents for signature.
The defection in the army and the police, and It is, however, safe to say that she spared no
the riot which followed, are minimized by the effort, political or personal, to secure, and only
queen as “not an expression of the Hawaiian after months of contest succeeded in retaining,
the


230
[April 1,
THE DIAL
a cabinet which would sanction such a bill. constitution prevailed until 1887, when the
The champions of this, and other legislation abuses and corruption of the government under
of similar repute enacted at the same time, Kalakaua resulted in an uprising which forced
were and have been ardent supporters of the upon the king a new constitution that extended
queen. She further justifies her action : “ We the franchise to foreigners and made the cab-
were petitioned and besought to grant it by inet responsible to the people through the leg-
most of the mercantile class of the city,— shop- isture.
isture. To this “bayonet” constitution, the
keepers, mechanics, manufacturers, — in fact queen took the oath of allegiance on her acces-
all the middle class of the people.” It is hardly sion to the throne in 1891. Long before we
necessary to state tbat the Chamber of Com reach the account of her own reign, we bave
merce, and the reputable classes of society both no doubt as to her attitude toward this consti-
native and foreign, were not included with these tution which had shorn the crown of its pre-
petitioners for the passage of the lottery bill. rogatives “ which, based upon the ancient cus-
The queen now renounces her abdication, tom and the authority of the island chiefs, were
claiming that it was forced from her while a the sole guaranty of our nationality.” Early
prisoner, by the threat that certain prominent in her reign, a movement for a new constitution
citizens who had taken part in the uprising to received her endorsement. In her own words :
restore the monarchy would be immediately “I assented to a modification of the existing
put to death if she refused. Furthermore, the constitution on the expressed wishes, not only
name which she was requested to affix to that of my own advisers, but of two-thirds of the
document was not and never had been her legal popular vote, and, I may say it without fear of
signature. She also denies the accuracy of contradiction, of the entire population of native
Minister Willis's official reports of his first or half-native birth.” The desired modifica-
interview with her looking toward her restora tions were not sought in the method prescribed
tion. She says:
by law, there was never a plebescite upon the
“ It was most unfortunate that the American minister subject, and her constitutional advisers, crea-
should have so misrepresented me, or that I should have tures of her own, to a man implored her not to
80 misunderstood him, or that his stenographer (if there
promulgate the new constitution, and finally in
was one concealed at that interview) should have blun-
the face of her determination fled from the
dered, or that I should have been so overburdened by
the many aspects of the painful situation as to be igno palace.
rant or unconscious of the importance of the precise
She further claims that the right to grant a
words read in my presence."
constitution to the nation has been, since the
Although, owing to its warped and partial very first one was granted, a prerogative of the
statements, the book has little value as reliable Hawaiian sovereigns; although in the brief
history, it is nevertheless a most important period of Hawaiian history there is abundant
contribution to the literature of the Hawaiian precedent for other initiative and sanction.
question. It is of interest alike to those who The American people will look with interest
condemn and to those who condone the over for the queen's version of the constitution whose
throw of the monarchy, for it gives an authentic attempted promulgation led to her overthrow,
revelation of the ex-queen's views of the rights
but they will look in vain, for the subject is
and privileges of a constitutional monarch.
dismissed with a few vague generalities and
Hawaii emerged from feudal barbarism in guarded allusions.
the early part of the present century. With “ It is alleged that my proposed constitution was to
Anglo-Saxon help and guidance, an absolute
make such changes as to give to the sovereign more
power, and to the cabinet or legislature less, and that
monarchy was established and maintained by
only subjects, in distinction from temporary residents,
the Kamehamehas. In 1840, the first consti could exercise suffrage. In other words, that I was to
tution was granted by the king under the ad restore some of the ancient rights of my people."
vice and direction of his religious teachers. In This last sentence has a patriotic ring, but read in
1852, a new and liberal constitution, in whose the light of early Hawaiian history its true char-
formation the king, the supreme court, and the acter is revealed. The queen has painted a pleas-
legislature shared, was ratified by the latter ing picture of the life of the ancient chief and
body. This continued in force until 1864, his retainers, but Cook, Ellis, and Jarvis have
when Prince Lot, the first of the monarchs to used pigments of a more sombre hue. Under
show reactionary tendencies, promulgated a the ancient feudal system the Hawaiian vassal
new constitution
upon his own authority which had no rights to property, real or personal ; his
slightly increased the power of the crown. This labor, his home, and his very life itself were


1898.]
231
THE DIAL
subject to the whim of his chief. The subjection exalted position of physician to His Majesty,
of the legislature, the cabinet, and the supreme King Charles the First. Between the learned
court to the sovereign, and the banishment doctor and his royal patient grew up the utmost
of the Anglo-Saxon from political life, would confidence and cordial friendship. At the bat-
doubtless have done much to restore the spirit tle of Edgehill, while the king charged upon
of this primitive time in the queen's realm. the foe at the head of his cavaliers, his two
Liliuokalani's appeal to the American peo- little sons, Charles and James, sat with their
ple for Hawaiian autonomy is both dignified guardian, Dr. Harvey, in the shade of a hedge
and pathetic:
upon the brow of the hill that overlooked the
“Oh, honest Americans, as Christians hear me for field of combat. When the royalists were shut
my downtrodden people! Their form of government up in Oxford, Merton College was converted
is as dear to them as yours is precious to you. Quite
into a residence for the queen, and Dr. Harvey
as warmly as you love your country, so they love theirs.
With all your goodly possessions, do not covet the little
was placed in control as master of the college.
vineyard of Naboth’s, so far from your shores, lest the All through the unhappy conflict between king
punishment of Ahab fall upon you, if not in your day, and parliament, the doctor faithfully followed
in that of your children, for • be not deceived, God is the fortunes of his sovereign ; but when the
not mocked.' The people to whom your fathers told
of the living God, and taught to call • Father,' and whom
war was over he returned to the peaceful occu-
the sons now seek to despoil and destroy, are crying pation of his London home, where he passed
aloud to him in their time of trouble; and He will keep
the remainder of his life, dissecting, lecturing,
His promise, and will listen to the voices of His Ha- writing, bestowing of his wealth upon the Col-
waiian children lamenting for their homes.”
lege of Physicians -- a martyr to the gout, yet
CHARLES A. KOFOID. reaching his eightieth year, and dying without
pain after an illness of only a few hours.
In William Harvey we trace the career of a
LIVES OF GREAT PHYSICIANS.*
learned physician, the child of fortune, the man
of letters. In John Hunter we make acquaint-
Of the interesting series of biographies of
“ Masters of Medicine,” three have already year 1728, a Scotchman, wayward, ignorant,
ance with a very different type. Born in the
issued from the press, and others are yet to quarrelsome, irreligious, in every respect an
come. Briefly yet clearly they set forth the
unsavory person, yet one of the most enthu-
principal events in the lives of the pioneers siastic students of comparative anatomy and
in medical science. Beginning with Harvey,
physiology that ever lived, he became, through
we are retrograded into the sixteenth century
sheer industry and force of character, the
to the days of Elizabeth and the Invincible founder of scientific surgery in England, and
Armada. During that period of English ex-
the leading surgeon of his day. The story of
pansion the future physician was born and be- his gigantic labors in the formation of the mu-
gan his observation of nature.
seum upon which out of his professional income
later we find him, the favorite brother of a
he expended no less than three hundred and
whole family of successful London merchants, fifty thousand dollars, leaving his family pen-
enjoying all the scholastic advantages that their
niless when he died, is one of the most inter-
wealth could procure
attending the lectures
esting and instructive in the annals of medicine.
of the celebrated Fabricius, professor of anat In
many respects the record of the life of
omy in the University of Padua, laboriously
Sir James Simpson forms the most attractive
tracing the channels of communication between
volume of this interesting series. Like Har-
arteries and veins, and preparing the way for vey, Dr. Simpson was an educated gentleman
that demonstration of the circulation of the
who charmed his patients by the fascination
blood which, announced in after years, made
of his manners, making of them friends rather
his name forever famous in the annals of sci-
than clients. To his experiments was due
entific discovery. Then, early in the seven the introduction of chloroform as an anæs-
teenth century, we see the rising doctor, mar-
thetic; and through its use in his special line
ried, settled in London, physician to St. Bar-
of practice he earned the gratitude of count-
tholomew's Hospital, lecturer on anatomy at less mothers all over the world. The story of
the College of Physicians, finally reaching the
the discovery of artificial anæsthesia is well
MASTERS OF MEDICINE. A series of monographs, edited told in these pages, and will interest others be-
by Ernest Hart, D.C.L., editor of “The British Medical sides members of the medical profession.
Journal.” I., William Harvey; II., John Hunter; III., Sir
HENRY M. LYMAN.
James Simpson. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
A few years


232
[April 1,
THE DIAL
The Palatines
in America.
Leisure hours in
academic cloisters.
Thus New York lost from her body politic a most
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
valuable element, although enough remained in the
The story of the Puritans as pioneers original settlements to give America the first apostle
in New England has been often told.
of freedom of the press in John Peter Zenger, and
So, too, in a lesser degree, there has
been full recognition of the builder work done by Oriskany, Nicholas Herkimer. And so she lost
to give the next generation that noble soldier of the
Quakers in Pennsylvania and Huguenots in the Conrad Weiser and Henry Melchior Muhlenburg,
Carolinas. Now, at last, another group of refugees,
and gave to Pennsylvania those other more famous
similar in character and purpose to Puritan and
Muhlenburgs, and Zollicoffer, Heintzelman, Siegel,
Quaker and Huguenot, has found its historian. The
and the Hartranfts. Mr. Cobb has told his story well,
Rev. Sanford H. Cobb, whose residence at Richfield
and whilst he has done justice to these worthy pio-
Springs, New York, has familiarized him with the
neers, he has not been unmindful of the real merits
earlier seats of this people, has made a valuable
of Governor Robert Hunter, and of his large ser-
addition to the record of our Colonial period in his
vices to the commonwealth where he made some sad
“Story of the Palatines” (Putnam). There are many mistakes.
students of general history who are familiar with the
history of the devastation of the Palatinate of the
We have always been inclined to
Rhine by the armies of Louis the Fourteenth, yet are
avoid books called “ Idle Hours" or
ignorant of what that province suffered under its
“Dozy Hours," just as we avoid
absolutist and bigoted rulers of the next two genera newspaper columns called “Saunterings” or “Gos-
tions. These Palatine electors emulated that short sippings.” And almost everybody, we imagine, is
sighted French monarch's treatment of the Hugue inclined to avoid an essay on Pepys as instinctively
nots, and between 1708 and 1750 drove to a refuge as one avoids pronouncing that gentleman's name.
in America over sixty thousand of their best subjects. Still, Mr. W. H. Hudson has claims to attention,
Many a student of our Civil War who is conversant and thus we were fortunately led to read his “ Idle
with the details of that great campaign — beginning Hours in a Library” (Doxey) with more sympathy
in “the Wilderness ” — which carried Grant to Rich than we should have supposed from title or table of
mond, is ignorant that its starting-point, the Ger contents. All the essays are not on Pepys,—to tell
manna Ford through the Rapidan, took its name the truth, only one is ; nor are all the essays to be
from a colony of these exiles for conscience' sake, read in idle hours ; indeed (the author to the con-
planted in the wilds of Virginia by Governor Spots- trary, however, we cannot easily regard them as
wood in 1710. New Berne in North Carolina had having been written in idle hours. They are descrip-
become, in the previous year, the seat of another tive essays, it is true, and descriptive essays, as such,
colony from the Palatinate, led by the Swiss gen may have been written or may be read in idle hours.
tleman Christopher de Graffenried, of the older But one cannot imagine Mr. Hudson idly noting
Alpine Berne. But the great immigration of the the points which go to make up the essay on Eliza-
Palatines was into New York and Pennsylvania, bethan England; nor can we readily think of a
beginning in 1708, and occupying first the banks of person idly reading the essay on Mrs. Manley and
the Hudson in the vicinity of the present Newburgh, Mrs. Behn. But we will stop what
whose name possibly enshrines a remembrance of the more than quibbling about a title; enough if we
princely house of Neuberg which ruled over the Pal make it clear that these essays are not of those dis-
atinate. But the Palatines were not to find a home continuous ramblings, those roundabout perambu-
on the Hudson, nor in any large numbers even lations, those familiar idlings, which begin at any
within the colony of New York. Mr. Cobb has subject that comes to mind, or rather that the mind
well told how the English government, and Governor comes to, and wander a happy-go-lucky course at
Hunter, after doing everything possible to bring the suggestion of personal association. These es-
these afflicted people to a better land in America, says are “unacademic," it is true; but each puts
turned upon them in their poverty, through disap- before the reader a perfectly definite object. They
pointment as to economic returns which the envir are, we think, different in merit and in interest. The
onment would not produce, and at last drove them essay on Elizabethan England is the best, for there
despairing to the Indians on the Mohawk. Even is the most in it, and it will be read with pleasure
here their sufferings did not cease. The stepfatherly by idler and scholar alike. The essay on Mrs. Man-
care of the government was made more burdensome ley and Mrs. Bebn, on the other hand, is not in sub-
by the oppressions of wealthy and influential land- ject or in treatment such as to attract or hold an
grabbers, and so in 1723 a third pilgrimage brought idle interest; its real interest is for the student,
the far larger number of them to the Susquehanna although it is not put in such form as to be most
and the Swatara. Here at last, under the Quakers, useful to him. The essays on Pepys and on the
was freedom and kindly government; and during Bohemia of Henri Murger are the two which come
the next twenty years that portion of Pennsylvania nearest the implication of the general title. The
was planted directly from the Palatinate with thou first almost led us to break a fixed resolve and read
sands of families of sturdy and enterprising farmers the famous diary, and the second made us glad we
the forefathers of the “ Pennsylvania Dutch.” had already experienced the Vie de Bohême. To
may seem little


1898.]
233
THE DIAL
“For Greeks
a blush."
tell the truth, essays of this character are very hard mentary paper documents that he has left to pos-
to write well,- and even when well written they terity.” We should not know where to look for a
remind us of the saying of someone to the effect finer comment than this upon the Buffonian text
that “at no other period than this were there so that is so generally misquoted. Nor would it be
many people who wanted to know about books with easier to pack more of truth into a few words than
out reading them.” To such readers, certainly, we find in such a passage as this : “No two words
Mr. Hudson does not address his work. Others, ever coincide throughout their whole extent. If
we suspect, would appreciate his critical opinions, sometimes good writers are found adding epithet to
and would, indeed, value them more highly than epithet for the same quality, and name to name for
his descriptive reports. Mr. Hudson accomplished the same thing, it is because they despair of cap-
such good results when he was busy in a library turing their meaning at a venture, and so practice
that relatively one regrets that he allows himself to get near it by a maze of approximations." We
the privilege of idling there.
must close our extracts somewhere, and select for
the
purpose this solution of a vexed question: "Ac-
The essay on “
Style” which Mr.
Some good words
cording as they endeavor to reduce letters to some
about Style.
Walter Raleigh has just published
large haven and abiding-place of civility, or prefer
in the form of a slender and taste-
to throw in their lot with the centrifugal tendency
fully printed volume (Arnold) is one of the most
and ride on the flying crest of change, are writers
remarkable pieces of critical writing that we have
dubbed Classic or Romantic.” Who has ever made
seen for many a day. The author not only has a
the distinction more subtly than this, or with choicer
great many real things to say, but he is also the
turn of phrase ? Mr. Raleigh's essay deserves a
master of a style of his own that attains high dis-
tinction. Rather than amplify these propositions
place on the shelf by the side of Stevenson, almost
in the usual critical fashion, we prefer to fortify
by the side of Pater and Arnold.
them by such quotations as space allows, persuaded
In view of the recent Græco-Turkish
that even within the present narrow limits, the book
War, Mr. W. Alison Phillips's “ The
may be made to give adequate testimony in its own
War of Greek Independence, 1821
behalf. Here is a typically beautiful passage : to 1833,” is a very timely book. The author con-
“The mind of man is peopled, like some silent city, fronts the vital problem of the future of the Balkan
with a sleeping company of reminiscences, associa Peninsula, and asks what aid in its solution can be
tions, impressions, aptitudes, emotions, to be awak derived from the history of Greece in this century.
ened into fierce activity at the touch of words. By One is surprised to find that Mr. Phillips still looks
one way or other, with a fanfaronpade of the march with hope to the Greeks as possible regenerators of
ing trumpets, or stealthily, by noiseless passages the peninsula, for his entire book is a logical refu-
and dark posterns, the troop of suggesters enters tation of any such conclusion. It represents the
the citadel, to do its work within. The procession Greeks as almost completely destitute of the civic
of beautiful sounds that is a poem passes in through virtues, and even more lacking in the personal
the main gate, and forth with the by-ways resound Such a vivid portrayal of lying, thieving,
to the hurry of ghostly feet, until the small com murder, outrage, assassination, treason, and at times
pany of adventurers is well- nigh lost and over cowardice, joined with a picturesque sentimentality
whelmed in that throng of insurgent spirits.” Again, and the most desperate courage, is almost without
how fine, and at the same time how weighty, is the a parallel. In cruelty, the Greek far surpassed the
passage with which the essay closes: “ Write, and Turk; in treachery he was preëminent; and the
after you have attained to some control over the record of butcheries of men, women, and children,
instrument you write yourself down whether you committed after capitulation on promise of personal
will or no.
There is no vice however uncon safety, is revolting. To give one instance out of
scious, no virtue however shy, no touch of mean hundreds, we select the following from an account
ness or generosity in your character, that will not of the slaughter after Navarino, an account given
pass on to the paper. You anticipate the day of by a Greek priest: “Women, wounded with musket
judgment and furnish the recording angel with ma balls, rushed into the sea, seeking to escape, and
terial. The art of criticism in literature, so often were deliberately shot. Mothers, robbed of their
decried and given a subordinate place among the clothes, with infants in their arms, plunged in the
arts, is none other than the art of reading and inter water to conceal themselves from shame, and were
preting these written evidences. Criticism has been then made a mark for inhuman riflemen. Greeks
popularly opposed to creation, perhaps because the seized infants from their mothers' breasts and
kind of creation that it attempts is rarely achieved, dashed them against the rocks. Children, three or
and so the world forgets that the main business of four years old, were hurled living into the sea, and
Criticism, after all, is not to legislate, but to raise left to drown” (page 59). After this catalogue of
the dead. Graves, at its command, bave waked horrors, the author adds: “The other atrocities of
their sleepers, oped, and let them forth. It is by the Greeks, however, paled before the awful scenes
the creative power of this art that the living man which followed the storming of Tripolitza." The
is reconstructed from the litter of blurred and frag writer informs us that the Turks, on the contrary,
ones.


234
[April 1,
THE DIAL
of Sedan.
were seldom guilty of such outrages. The Greeks, songs and jostling each other about; when robbery
not satisfied with butchering the enemy, were a stalked abroad at midnight, and beggary was witty
scourge to their own countrymen; and if neither and picturesque even in her rags. It is needless to
Turk nor peasant was at hand, these famous war say that a work which reflects and reproduces such
riors fought with each other. In fact, they did this scenes as these is worth the reading, and it is this
in season and out of season, from the beginning to reproduction of the life of the time that made Mr.
the end of the war. The decades that have passed Molloy's work worth the writing.
since the struggle for independence do not seem to
have improved the character of the Greek, if we
It is a difficult matter for one with
The Campaign
may be permitted to judge from the events of the
military training to describe a cam-
last war. It seems, therefore, that we are justified
paign from a military standpoint and
in surrendering a hope which never had a rational make his details clear to the non-military reader.
basis, the hope that with the Greek lies the welfare That this can be done, however, is shown by Mr.
of the Balkan peninsula. This does not mean that George Hooper's “Campaign of Sedan,” first pub-
the Turk is fitted to secure it. Against that, lished in 1887, and now republished in less expen-
the centuries have decided irrevocably. The Turk sive form as a volume in “Bohn's Standard Library”
is, indeed, just, moderate, and tolerant; but he is a (Macmillan). The work contains an excellent state-
failure as an administrator, and his religion stands ment of the condition of the armies of Prussia and
in the way of progress. Consequently, the question of France previous to the outbreak of war, and em-
is as far from solution as ever. Mr. Phillips has phasizes Prussia's advantage at the outset in that
consulted the best and most recent authorities, he she could quickly mobilize her troops. The lan-
writes in a delightfully clear and interesting fashion, guage is simple yet forcible, and the story of the
and his accuracy is unimpeachable.
war itself is so well told that interest is sustained
throughout; while the maps, both of the general
Pictures of
The two volumes, by Mr. J. Fitzger-field of the war and of particular battles, make it
18th century ald Molloy, entitled “ The Romance
possible to follow, step by step, the progress of the
Dublin life.
of the Irish Stage” (Dodd), belong to
campaign. The book ends with the battle of Sedan.
the class of books whose aim is to bring back actors
The introductory chapter, and the succeeding one
who long ago strutted and fretted their hours upon
on the causes of the war, while presented in an en-
the stage. At times we wonder if it would not be
tertaining fashion, do not show that accurate histor-
wiser to leave the graves of these poor mortals un-
ical knowledge which marks the remainder of the
disturbed. In their lives, these actors, through the
book. Thus, on page 10, in a reference to the bar-
characters they impersonated, often made men nobler
mony of Prussian statesmen on the question of war
by some pregnant thought that fell from their lips, with Austria, the statement is made that the famous
but, shorn of the form the dramatist gave them, and ministerial council of February, 1866, was unani-
made to appear in their own naked selves, their
mous in the decision for war, when as a fact both
ennobling power vanishes like the tinselled frippery Von Bodelschwingh, Minister of Finance, and the
of the theatre before the cold light of day. Only Crown Prince of Prussia, spoke and voted against
here and there in the course of many years is a great the war. Such points, however, might easily escape
actor born, and when such a man dies, there is, to the attention of a writer whose chief interest was in
use Hazlitt's words, "a void produced in society, a
military affairs, and do not detract from the real
gap which requires to be filled up." Let authors, value of the work — the clear exposition of a great
if they will try to fill up these gaps with their books, military campaign.
but let them remember also that it takes a very
great actor to make a gap which it is worth while
When a master of any art or science
The story of a
to fill. If anything will redeem the books before
musician's life.
or profession takes us into his confi-
us from the ephemeral existence accorded to most
dence and tells us the true story of his
works of the sort, it will in all probability be the life, we feel it to be a privilege to listen. In “Mar-
vivid and varied picture they give us of the social chesi and Music” (Harper) this service is rendered
life in Dublin during the eighteenth century. That by the most famous of living teachers of the art of
was a time when life in the Irish capital ran high ; singing. In her forty-one years of professional life,
when vast crowds thronged to witness scenes of Madame Marchesi has known nearly every promi-
pomp and circumstance like the arrival of the Vice nent musician of the period, either as friend or
roy or the procession of the Trades ; when men as instructor. Consequently the book is full of
won and lost fortunes on the cock-fighting on Cork most entertaining and instructive reminiscence of
Hill; when young sparks about town thought no famous persons, ranging from Nicolai and Men-
more of fighting a duel than of drinking a glass of delssohn (under whose auspices she made her first
claret; when the narrow streets of the city were important appearance before the public) to Mas-
filled with routs of hooting children following some senet, Verdi, Ambroise Thomas, Humperdinck, and
malefactor who was being whipped, with coachmen other living composers. And side by side with these
and chairmen fighting for the right of way, with anecdotes of celebrities, these records of artistic tri-
dandies and drunkards swearing and singing coarse umphs and brilliant public events, runs a pleasing


1898.]
285
THE DIAL
LITERARY NOTES.
thread of personal narrative, showing the “true-
womanly” side of the illustrious head of the Ecole
Marchesi. The glimpses of everyday life, with its
early struggles against poverty, its thwarted aims,
its griefs in the loss of beloved children, its simple
fireside pleasures, and its domestic companionship,
are as well worth noting as the more striking inci-
dents. Thus the book has an interest for others
beside musicians, and furnishes an excellent com-
mentary on the words which Madame Marchesi
announces as her “motto,”—“ Faith, Labor, and
Perseverence.”
BRIEFER MENTION.
Volume XI. of “Book Prices Current,” published in
London by Mr. Elliot Stock, covers the auction sales
of the year ending last November. The volume is
larger than its predecessors, being augmented by exten-
sive indexes, as well as by the catalogue notes demanded
by the unusual number of scarce and valuable books
(especially in the Ashburnham collection) sold during
the year. The pumber of lots catalogued is 37,358, and
the amount realized was £100,259, a far bigher average
price than is recorded for any previous year of the pub-
lication. Mr. J. H. Slater is the compiler of the work,
and gives us the comforting assurance that in book-
buying “just at present there is no great mania to en-
large upon."
That noteworthy series of monographs issued under
the name of “The Portfolio” has long occupied a
unique and enviable position among art periodicals. In
the literary excellence of its text, and the beauty of its
illustrations and mechanical make-up, it is unsurpassed.
The latest issue is an interesting and scholarly essay
on Peter Paul Rubens, by Mr. R. A. M. Stevenson,
author of the monograph on_Velazquez, previously
published in the same series. The illustrations accom-
panying Mr. Stevenson's text consist of two finely-
executed photogravures and thirty-two plates printed
in sepia and black and white. “ The Portfolio" is
published in this country by the Macmillan Co.
A volume on “Astronomy” is contributed to the “Con-
cise Knowledge Library” (Appleton) by the collabora-
tion of Miss Agnes M. Clerke with Mr. A. Fowler and
Mr. J. Ellard Gore. There are nearly six hundred
pages, illustrated, in this “popular synopsis of astro-
nomical knowledge to date," and the text is unusually
readable. In this connection we may also mention “A
New Astronomy for Beginners" (American Book Co.),
a higb school text-book by Professor David P. Todá.
The author has had the laboratory (not the observatory)
constantly in mind during the preparation of this book,
and emphasizes throughout the physical aspects of the
science.
Encouraged, probably, by the success of their excel-
lent “Illustrated English Library,” Messrs. G. P. Put-
nam's Sons have begun the publication of a new series
on somewhat similar lines, which they inaugurate with
George Borrow's “Lavengro.” The type used in this
“ New Library,” as it is called, is handsome and read-
able, the paper of a good quality, the presswork well
done, and the binding, although somewhat inartistic, is
stout and durable. These strong points, combined with
the popular price of one dollar per volume, should make
the series a success.
The “ History of the Indian Mutiny," by Mr. T. Rice
Holmes, first published in 1883, is now issued by the
Macmillan Co, in a new (fifth) edition, thoroughly re-
vised, and extended to a thick volume of nearly seven
hundred pages.
Turgot's “Reflections on the Formation and the Dis-
tribution of Riches,” translated and edited (we presume)
by Professor Ashley, is published as an “ Economic
Classic” by the Macmillan Co. The original of this
work is dated 1770.
“ The Diplomatic Relations between Cromwell and
Charles X. Gustavus of Sweden” is the title of a doctoral
dissertation offered at Heidelberg by Mr. Guernsey
Jones, and now published in pamphlet form by the State
Journal Co., Lincoln, Nebraska.
The Christian Literature Co. are the publishers of an
American edition (two volumes in one) of Professor
Max Müller's translation of the twelve classical Upan-
ishads, hitherto known as forming a part of the series
called “ Sacred Books of the East.”
« The Bible References of Jobn Ruskin," compiled by
Misses Mary and Ellen Gibbs, is a recent publication of
the Oxford University Press. The work has been done
with both intelligence and conscience, and the book is one
that both Ruskinians and Bible students will find useful.
Mr. Henry Sweet's “First Steps in Anglo-Saxon,”
published by the Oxford University Press, is an even
more elementary book than the “ Anglo-Saxon Primer”
of the same author. An extremely simplified grammar,
some forty pages of text for reading, and as many pages
of notes, make up the contents of this little book.
“The Artist,” one of the best of English art period-
icals, has recently extended its material and scope, and
now appears in greatly enlarged form. The March issue
contains a number of interesting articles, all of which
are profusely illustrated. Messrs. Archibald Constable
& Co. of London are the publishers of “The Artist.”
We have already spoken of the first two sections of
the bibliography of “Elizabethan Translations from the
Italian" prepared by Miss Mary Augusta Scott, and
published by the Modern Language Association of Amer-
ica. A third section of this work, including 111 titles
of “miscellaneous translations," has just been issued,
leaving but one more to appear.
The James Russell Lowell memorial park is in danger.
Of the $35,000 needed for the purchase of the Elmwood
estate only about two-thirds has thus far been subscribed.
The time of purchase has been extended to May 1, but
if the fund is not made up by that date, the trustees
will be forced to cut up the land into building lots, and
the opportunity to secure Elmwood for public purposes
will have been lost.
The “Christmas Books," in one thick volume, and
“ The Old Curiosity Shop,” in two of less generous
dimensions, are now added to the “Gadshill” edition of
Dickens, edited by Mr. Andrew Lang, and imported by
Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons. From the same im-
porters we also have Volumes III. and IV. of “Fred-
erick the Great,” in the dignified “Centenary” edition
of the works of Thomas Carlyle.
James Payn, born in 1830, died a few days ago. He
has been for half a century an unwearying literary
worker, producing novels, essays, and miscellaneous
journalism, in great profusion; and will be remembered
not for any one distinctive achievement, but rather for


236
(April 1,
THE DIAL
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 152 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
the varied entertainment that he has provided for two
generations of readers. A genial temperament, much
knowledge and industry, an agile fancy, and a wide ac-
quaintance with men and affairs, all combined to make
his work acceptable without bestowing upon it the least
measure of enduring quality. He will be missed and
mourned by a host of readers in both England and
America.
The “Temple" edition of the Waverley novels, im-
ported by Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons, is well under
way, thirteen of the forty-eight volumes being now ready.
In addition to the two volumes of " Waverley," pub-
lished some time ago, we have lately received “Guy
Mannering,"
;" «The Antiquary,” “Rob Roy,'
"« Old Mor-
tality,” and “The Heart of Midlothian," each in two
volumes; and “The Black Dwarf,” in one volume. It
would certainly be difficult to say wherein this dainty
little edition could be improved.
66
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
April, 1898.
Adequate, Problem of the. Dial.
Alleghanies, A Nook in the. Bradford Torrey. Atlantic.
Alps, Over the, on a Bicycle. Elizabeth R. Pennell. Century.
American Aldershot, Plea for an. James Parker, Harper.
Antwerp, An Artist in. G. R. Fletcher. Pall Mall.
Appomattox, Surrender at. Gen. Geo. A. Forsyth. Harper.
Ashburnham Collection, Story of. Herbert Putnam. Atlantic.
Bacchylides. J. Irving Manatt. Review of Reviews.
Birds and Fishes, Migratory Habits of. W.K. Brooks. Pop. Sci.
Björnson and Ibsen, Recollections of. W. H. Schofield. Atlan.
Brain, Byways of the. Andrew Wilson. Harper.
Cavalry Tactics on the Plains. Frederic Remington. Harper.
Culture-Epoch Theory, The. Educational Review.
Cycling in Europe. Joseph Pennell. Harper.
Drama, Conventions of the. Brander Matthews. Scribner.
England and Germany. Sidney Whitman. Harper.
English, The Teaching of. Mark H. Liddell. Atlantic.
Evolution and Theology. J. A. Zahm. Popular Science.
Federal Railway Regulation. Henry C. Adams. Atlantic.
Fellaheen, An Artist among the. R. T. Kelly. Century.
Florida Farm, A. F. Whitmore. Atlantic,
France : The Study of a Nation. Dial.
George, Henry, and his Final Work. 0. T. Morton. Dial.
Germany, Political. Theodor Barth, Review of Reviews.
Gold-Region in Mexico, The Newly-Discovered. Rev. of Rev.
Gordon Highlanders, Deeds of the. McClure.
Grant and Ward Failure, The. Hamlin Garland. McClure.
Greek Tragedians, The Thomas D. Goodell. Atlantic.
Hawaii's Queen, Story of. C. A. Kofoid. Dial.
History-Teaching, English Sources for. Educational Review.
History-Teaching, Practical Methods of. Educational Review.
Indian Frontier War, The. Fred P. Gibbon. Pall Mall.
Industrial Object Lesson, An. S. N. D. North. Pop. Science.
Ironclads, Fights between, Theodore Roosevelt. Century.
Jerusalem, Five Weeks in. Lady Beresford-Hope. Pall Mall.
Kennington Palace. Sir Walter Besant. Pall Mall.
Letreïs, Brittany. Cecilia Waern. Scribner.
Lincoln, Recollections of. C. A. Dana. McClure.
Nassau, A Spring Visit to. Popular Science.
Panama Canal, Commercial Aspects of the. Harper.
Pharos of Alexandria, The. Benj. Ide Wheeler. Century.
Physicians, Great, Lives of. Henry M. Lyman. Dial.
Poetry. Charles Leonard Moore. Dial.
Railway Traveling, Comfort in. G. A. Sekon. Pall Mall.
Rufford Abbey. Lord Savile. Pall Mall.
Satellites, Evolution of. George H. Darwin. Atlantic.
Sea Fight, A Famous. Claude H. Wetmore. Century.
University Study at Berlin and Oxford. Educational Review.
Water Power, Electric Transmission of. Popular Science.
Wheat, The Question of. W. C. Ford. Popular Science.
Yellowstone National Park, The. John Muir. Atlantic.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
William Shakespeare: A Critical Study. By George
Brandes; trans. from the Norwegian by William Archer,
Miss Mary Morison, and Miss Diana White. In 2 vols.,
large 8vo, gilt tops, uncut. Macmillan Co. Boxed, $8. net.
The Letters of Victor Hugo, from Exile and after the Fall
of the Empire. Edited by Paul Meurice. Second series;
8vo, gilt top, pp. 249. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $3.
Tourguénoff and his French Circle: A Series of Letters.
Edited by E. Halperine-Kaminsky; trans. by Ethel M.
Arnold. 12mo, pp. 302. Henry Holt & Co. $2.50.
A Literary History of India. By R. W. Frazer, LL.B.
With frontispiece, 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 470. Library
of Literary History." . Charles Scribner's Sons. $4.
Forty Years of Oratory: Lectures, Addresses, and Speeches
of Daniel Wolsey Voorhees. Compiled and edited by his
three sons and his daughter, Harriet Cecilia Voorhees;
with a sketch of his life by Judge Thomas B. Long. In
2 vols., illus., large 8vo. Bowen-Merrill Co. Boxed, $6.
Emerson, and Other Essays. By John Jay Chapman. 12mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 247. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.25.
Allegories. By Frederic W. Farrar. Illus., 12mo, gilt edges,
pp. 365. Longmans, Green, & Co. $2.
Elements of Literary Criticism. By Charles F. Johnson.
12mo, pp. 288. Harper & Brothers. 80 cts.
A View of the Views about Hamlet. By Albert H. Tol-
man. 8vo, pp. 30. Baltimore : Modern Language Ass'n
of America. Paper.
Treasure Trove: Forty Famous_ Poems. Compiled by
William S. Lord. 12mo, pp. 32. Evanston, Ill.: The Index
Co. Paper, 10 cts.
HISTORY
Drake and the Tudor Navy, with a History of the Rise of
England as a Maritime Power. By Julian S. Corbett. In
2 vols., illus., 8vo, uncut. Longmans, Green, & Co. $10.
The Building of the British Empire: The Story of En-
gland's Growth from Elizabeth to Victoria. By Alfred
Thomas Story. In 2 vols., illus., 12mo. "Story of the
Nations." G. P. Putnam's Sons. $3.
The History of Greece from its Commencement to the Close
of the Independence of the Greek Nation. By Adolf
Holm; _trans. from the German by Frederick Clarke.
Vol. IV., completing the work ; 12mo, gilt top, pp. 636.
Macmillan Co. $2.50 net.
A History of the Indian Mutiny and of the Disturbances
which Accompanied it among the Civil Population. By
T. Rice Holmes. Fifth edition, revised and enlarged; with
maps, 8vo, uncut, pp. 659. Macmillan Co. $3.50.
Law and Politics in the Middle Ages. With a synoptic
table of sources. _ By Edward Jenks, M.A. Large 8vo,
uncut, pp. 352. Henry Holt & Co. $2.75.
Modern France, 1789 - 1895. By André Lebon. 12mo,
pp. 488. “Story of the Nations." G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$1.50.
How the Dutch Came to Manhattan. Penned and pic-
tured by Blanche MoManus. 8vo, uncut, pp. 82.
nial Monographs.” E. R. Herrick & Co. $1.25.
The Diplomatic Relations between Cromwell and
Charles X. Gustavus of Sweden. By Guernsey Jones.
8vo, pp. 89. Lincoln, Nebr.: State Journal Co. Paper.
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
My Life in Two Hemispheres. By Sir Charles Gavan
Duffy. In 2 vols., with portrait, large 8vo, gilt tops, unout.
Macmillan Co. $8.
The Two Duchesses: Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire,
and Elizabeth, Duchess of Devonshire. Edited by Vere
Foster. With portraits, large 8vo, uncut, pp. 497. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $6.
Memoirs of a Highland Lady: The Autobiography of Eliz-
abeth Grant of Rothiemurchus, afterwards Mrs. Smith of
Baltiboys, 1797-1830. Edited by Lady Strachey. Large
8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 495. Longmans, Green, & Co.
$3.50.
Pasteur. By Percy Frankland, Ph.D., and Mrs. Peroy
Frankland. With portraits, 12mo, pp. 224. "Century
Science Series." Macmillan Co. $1.25.
** Colo


1898.]
237
THE DIAL
Led On, Step by Step: Scenes from Clerical, Military, Edu-
cational, and Plantation Life in the South, 1828-1898;
an Autobiography. By A. Toomer Porter, D.D. With
portrait, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 462. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$1.50.
"Famous Scots" Series. New vols.: James Thomson, by
William Bayne ; Robert Fergusson, by A. B. Grosart.
Each 16mo. Charles Scribner's Sons. Per vol., 75 cts.
John Wesley as a Social Reformer. By D. D. Thompson.
With portrait, 12mo, pp. 111. Eaton & Mains. 50 cts.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
The “Variorum" Shakespeare. Edited by Horace How-
and Farness. Vol. XI., The Winter's Tale. Large 8vo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 432. J. B. Lippincott Co. $4.
The Works of Chaucer, “Globe” edition. Edited by
Alfred W. Pollard, H. Frank Heath, Mark H. Liddell,
and W. S. McCormick. 12mo, uncut, pp. 772. Macmillan
Co. $1.25 net.
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus to Himself: An English
Translation, with Introductory Study on Stoicism and the
Last of the Stoics. By Gerald H. Rendall, M.A. 12mo,
unout, pp. 341. Macmillan Co. $1.75.
The Waverley Novels, "Temple” edition. New vols.:
Guy Mannering, 2 vols.; The Antiquary, 2 vols.; Rob Roy,
2 vols.; The Black Dwarf, 1 vol.; Old Mortality, 2 vols.
Each with frontispiece, 24mo, gilt top. Charles Scribner's
Sons. Per vol., 80 cts.
The Poetry of Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Edited by
Richard Garnett, C.B. With portrait, 18mo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 318. Muses' Library." Charles Scribner's
Sons. $1.75.
The First Part of the Tragedy of Faust in English. By
Thomas E. Webb, LL.D. New edition, with "The Death
of Faust," from the second part. 8vo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 296. Longmans, Green, & Co. $2.
The Works of Horace Rendered into English Prose. With
Life, Introduction, and Notes. By William Coutts, M.A.
12mo, uncat, pp. 240. Longmans, Green, & Co. $1.75.
The Rise of the Dutch Republic. By John Lothrop Mot-
ley. Condensed, with Introduction and Notes, and an Hig-
torical Sketch of the Dutch People from 1584 to 1897, by
William Elliot Griffis. Illus., Svo, pp. 943. Harper &
Brothers. $1.75.
Works of Charles Dickens," Gadshill” edition. New vols.:
Christmas Books, 1 vol.; The Old Curiosity Shop, 2 vols.
Each illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut. Charles Scribner's Sons.
Per vol., $1.50.
Works of Thomas Carlyle, “Centenary" edition. New
vols.: History of Frederick the Great, Vols. III. and IV.
Each with portraits, 8vo, uncut. Charles Scribner's Sons.
Per vol., $1.25.
Romances of Alexandre Dumas, New Series. New volg.:
Sylvandire, 1 vol.; The Brigand, and Blanche de Beaulieu,
1 vol. Each illus., 12mo, gilt top. Little, Brown, & Co.
Per vol., $1.50.
The Caxtons: A Family Picture. By Lord Lytton; illus,
by Chris. Hammond. 12mo, uncut, pp. 472.
Illustrated
English Library." G. P. Patnam's Sons. $1.
Lavengro. By George Borrow. 12mo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 532. “New Library." G. P. Putnam's Song. $1.
Turgot's Reflections on the Formation and Distribu-
tion of Riches. 16mo, pp. 112. “Economic Classics.'
Macmillan Co. 75 cts.
POETRY.
Poems. By William Ernest Henley. With portrait, 12mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 256. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.75.
Songs from the Southwest Country. By Freeman E.
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1898.]
241
THE DIAL
Parquet Floors
Chesapeake & Ohio R’y
In Going to St. Paul and Minneapolis
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AT


sa
242
[April 1, 1898.
THE DIAL
1
Lee and Shepard's New Publications
SPRING ANNOUNCEMENTS.
Victor Serenus.
The Painter in Oil.
A Story of the Pauline Era. By HENRY WOODS. 12mo, A Complete Treatise on the Principles and Technique Neces-
cloth, pp. 510, $1.50.
sary to the Painting of Pictures in Oil Colors. By DANIEL
The scene is located in that very dramatio period of the BURLEIGH PARKHURST. 12mo, cloth, pp. 14+105, illus-
world's history, the Pauline era, and through graphic charac trated, and containing colored plates, $1.25.
ter delineation deals with the thought, customs, and religious He who would paint a picture and he who would judge of
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one must know the same things -- the one practically and the
While the historic framework is carefully preserved, there other theoretically-and both will find what they need in this
is a wide range of the fancy and imagination in the movement. book, clearly, thoroughly, and practically set forth.
Love, adventure, romance, idealism, and magic are handled
in action to combine entertainment, instruction, and profit.
Water-Color Painting.
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teurs. By GRACE BARTON ALLEN. 12mo, cloth, pp. 250,
By Hawaii's Queen, LILIUOKALANI. 8vo, cloth, full gilt and illustrated, and containing colored plates, $1.25.
gilt top, pp. 8+409, illustrated, $2.00.
This volume, which is a practical text-book on the art of
The work is undoubtedly the most important contribution painting in water-colors, is intended for the use of amateurs,
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print, the technicalities of this branch of art in simple and
A History of Our Country.
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trated, $1.00 net.
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2


STATE
051
154
v. 247
09,77
NSYLVANIA
April 16, 1898
Library
UNIVERSITY
THE P
THE DIAL
A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF
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EDITED BY
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Volume XXIV.
No. 284.
CHICAGO, APRIL 16, 1898.
10 cts. a copy.
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SCRIBNER'S NEWEST BOOKS
First Edition of 10,000 copies ready Saturday, April 23.
THE GIRL AT COBHURST. By Frank R. Stockton.
12mo, $1.50.
A entirely new love-story which contains some of Mr. Stockton's best humorous work. The scene is laid
in one of the little country villages he knows so intimately, and the characters all bear the stamp of his
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intricacies as the author bas for years shown himself to be.
“His unique stories always hit "Mr. Frank R. Stockton's gift “I have been reading him now “His name alone carries a laugh
the mark."- Century.
is one of the most characteristic a good many years with an increas with it." - The Dial.
"Mr. Stockton has touched the which has yet appeared in our lit. ing pleasure which his constant “ There is no more thoroughly
high-water mark of romantic fic erature. The fact that it is hu- public seems to share, and I am entertaining writer before the
tion and has shown his power to morous and light must not make certain that our literature does not public to-day than Mr. Stockton.
grasp the magic of Defoe and Stev us oblivious of its original qual- know a more original or origina He writes to amuse, and he suc-
enson."- The Speaker.
ity."- The Outlook.
tive spirit."- W. D. Howells. ceeds admirably."
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Ready To-day: Field Reminiscences by a Famous Comedian.
THE EUGENE FIELD I KNEW. By Francis Wilson.
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THE well-known actor bas here given an entertaining and valuable account of Eugene Field, whose intimate
anecdotes which display the love of fun that was so characteristic of the man; and Mr. Wilson pays much
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A STORY OF LAND AND SEA IN THE DAYS OF THE REVOLUTION.
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MR.
R. BRADY’S spirited patriotic novel has already gone into a third edition, though published only two
months ago. The following selections from widely different periodicals show something of the critical
approval which has been given it.
“A vigorous specimen of Amer. "He has a rare dramatic faculty “The sea fights are portrayed
with a graphic power well-nigh tionary literature, and far ahead
first of all a patriotic story, and figures move like living men and unexampled in American fiction, of any of the stories on the same
the patriotism is not of the blus-
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tering sort, but is founded on high of imaginative vision
years."— The Evening World.
ideals of character and conduct then he is a born story-teller." paign gives the book historical There are some very thrilling
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importance."— Army and Navy chapters of naval warfare in this
“Droch" in Life.
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“A distinct addition to Revolu-
ican historical fiction.
It is
which enables him to make his
women.
...; and
in the Trenton and Princeton cam.
Church Standard.
Journal,


244
[April 16,
THE DIAL
Fourtb Thousand Now Ready.
DR. HENRY C. McCOOK'S
SCOTCH-IRISH ROMANCE:
THE LATIMERS.
A Tale of the Western Insurrection of 1794.
A faithful picture of the life of the Pioneer Founders of Western Pennsylvania and the Border States
of the Eighteenth Century.
12mo, Cloth. Price, $1.50.
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“Clear, eloquent, and delightful.” - Philadelphia “ His handling of the entire insurrection, with its
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Americana; Massachusetts Historical Society Publications The Works of Thomas F. Dibdin, a very large collection,
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inserted.
The books are all in very good condition, many of them in elegant binding.
Catalogues mailed on receipt of ten cents in stamps.
BANGS & COMPANY, Nos. 91 and 93 Fifth Avenue, New York.


1898.]
245
THE DIAL
Valuable New Books.
.
.
.
.
HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO.'S
NEW BOOKS.
By MRS. LATIMER.
Caleb West, Master Diver.
Spain in the 19th Century
By F. HOPKINSON SMITH, author of “Tom Grogan,” By ELIZABETH WORMELEY LATIMER. With many
etc. Finely illustrated. 12mo, $1.50.
portraits, 8vo, 441 pages, $2.50.
This is a romance of the building of a lighthouse, and
“The author of the 'Nineteenth Century'series of historical narra
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affords the best possible opportunity for Mr. Smith's an historian. Her last volume has more merit than the one she claims
characteristic gifts as a story-teller. It is not only the
when she says, "There is no other [book] which supplies a general
view of what has happened in Spain during the present century.'"-
best novel he has yet written, but one of the strongest, Literature (New York).
manliest, most readable stories published for many a day,
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and Spanish politics makes the publication of Spain in the 19th Cen-
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in a compact and interesting narrative a survey of the recent political
history of the country of which it treats. The entire series is well
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planned and commendably executed."- The Outlook (New York).
By Edwin L. GODKIN, editor of the New York Nation.
Mrs. Latimer's Successful Historical Sketches of the 19th
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published, are:
A book of remarkable value, that should be carefully France in the 19th Century
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considered by all good citizens. In it the present aspects
Russia and Turkey in the 19th Century 2.50
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government by the Fathers of the Republic.
Tales of the Home Folks in
By DR. BARROWS.
Peace and War.
Christianity, the World-Religion
Stories of interesting adventures and character studies
By Rev. JOHN HENRY BARROWS. Large 12mo, $1.50.
of the South, most of them during the war or just
The first course of the "Barrows Lectureship," delivered in India
afterward, by JOEL CHANDLER HARRIS, author of the and Japan in 1896-97.
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The First Republic in America. A World-Pilgrimage
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who make good observers and interesting reporters.”—The Independent.
This work relates to the movement for colonizing “The reader will find himself interested by fresh points of view
America by the English during 1605–1627, with especial
thoughtful and suggestive comments, and a generally strong and instruc
tive way of dealing with objects familiar." – The Literary World.
reference to the period of “The Treasurer and Com “We are glad to have been represented abroad by so splendid a gen-
pany of Adventurers and Planters of the City of London tleman and scholar and ambassador of Christianity, and we are almost
if not quite equally glad to have had so charming and cultured a friend
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Virginia Company of London"), 1609-1624. It is a eminently readable as these . . . ability and opportunity together have
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and never so fully or fairly presented before.
By BISHOP SPALDING.
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Thoughts and Theories
Mr. Granger's object is to set forth clearly the two
of Life and Education
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concerning the relation between the States and the
By the Rt. Rev. J. L. SPALDING. 12mo, $1.00.
National Government,- the theory of State rights and “It is a brilliant book in which thought and style are equally admir.
the theory of National supremacy. He aims to show that
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lofty thought and a lover of his kind, and it will be read with delight by
the National point of view is the only sound view, and serious thinkers everywhere."- Saturday Evening Gazette (Boston).
fortifies his argument by citations from the framers of Other works by Bishop Spalding, previously published, are:
the Constitution, from Washington and Marshall, from EDUCATION AND THE HIGHER Life
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many court decisions, and lastly from the decision of MEANS AND ENDS OF EDUCATION
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THINGS OF THE MIND
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For sale by booksellers generally, or will be sent, postpaid, on
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.


246
[April 16, 1898.
THE DIAL
The Macmillan Company's New Books.
By R. FLOYD
JUST READY.
Cloth,
CLARKE of the
Crown 8vo,
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THE SCIENCE OF LAW AND LAW-MAKING.
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AN INTRODUCTION TO LAW AND GENERAL VIEW OF ITS CONTENTS, AND A DISCUS-
SION OF THE QUESTION OF CODIFICATION FOR LAYMEN AS WELL AS LAWYERS.
“This book is a now departure, inasmuch as the attempt is made to introduce unprofessional minds to the truth of law and
jurisprudence in an intelligible way. The book will be found especially attractive and instructive to those beginning the study
of the law, for in it are set forth the broad outlines of the history and present condition of the science."— Book Reviews.
NEW BIOGRAPHIES OF SPECIAL IMPORTANCE.
My Life in Two Hemispheres.
William Shakespeare.
By Sir CHARLES GAVAN DUFFY.
By GEORG BRANDES.
In two volumes, with Portraits. Medium 8vo, $8.00. Translated from the Norwegian by WILLIAM ARCHER.
" An autobiographical history of a remarkable career - we should
2 vols., Demy 8vo, 88.00 net.
rather say of two careers as widely separated as are the two hemis Dr. Brandes has achieved German thoroughness without German
pheros." — The Athenæum.
heaviness, and has produced what must be regarded as a standard work.
Social Hours with Celebrities. Being the Third and fourth Volumes of
“Gossip of the Century."
By the late Mrs. W. Pitt BYRNE, author of “Flemish Interiors," “ De Omnibus Rebus," etc. Edited by her sister, Miss
R. H. Busk, author of " Folklore of Rome," etc. With sixty-six Illustrations and a Portrait of the author. In two volumes.
Cloth, 8vo. Price, $10.00.
CONTENTS OF VOL. I.: Social Celebrities in France - The Théâtre Français - The French Archives - Social Celebrities in Belgium - Social
Celebrities in Hungary and Spain - Ecclesiastical Celebrities - Ecclesiastical Celebrities in England and France — Some Celebrated Preachers.
VOL. II.: Dr. Kitchiner - Charles Waterton - The Wanderer – Some Social Adventures — The Making of Brighton - The Making of
Tunbridge Wells - Index.
Pausanias' Description of Greece.
The work is divided as follows, but is sold only in sets :
Vol. I. Introduction. Translation. Critical Notes on the Vol. IV. Commentary on Books VI.-VIII. (Elis II., Achaia,
Greek Text.
Arcadia.)
Vol. II. Commentary on Book 1. (Attica.)
Vol. V. Commentary on Books IX., X. (Boeotia, Phocis.)
Vol. III. Commentary on Books II., V. (Argolis, Laconia, Mes-
Addenda.
senia, Elis I.)
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THE DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
PAOB
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• 251
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.
THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of
each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 a year in advance, postage
ZACHRIS TOPELIUS.
prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico; in other countries
comprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a year for extra postage must The death of Zachris Topelius, on the thir-
be added. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the teenth of last month, having been passed over
current number. REMITTANCES should be by draft, or by express or
postal order, payable to THE DIAL. SPECIAL RATES TO CLUBS and
in comparative silence by the American press,
for subscriptions with other publications will be sent on application; it appears fitting that we should make some
and SAMPLE COPY on receipt of 10 cents. ADVERTISING RATEs furnished
statement, although a little belated, of the sig-
on application. All communications should be addressed to
nificance of his work, and attempt some sort
THE DIAL, 315 Wabash Ave., Chicago.
of summary of his great literary activities. The
No. 284.
APRIL 16, 1898. Vol. XXIV. impression seems to be current that, because
Topelius was a Finn, he must have been a light
of Finnish literature, and that his work was
CONTENTS.
done in the dialect of the “ Kalevala.” This,
of course, is not the case, for, although a mas-
ZACARIS TOPELIUS .
. 247
ter of his native tongue, and an authority upon
TOLSTOI ON ART AND BEAUTY. Victor S. Yarros 249 the history of Finland, he had the wisdom to
ENGLISH CORRESPONDENCE. Temple Scott
realize, no less than his great contemporary
COMMUNICATIONS
Runeberg, that as the political fortunes of his
251
The Lowell Memorial. W. H. Johnson.
country had for so long been merged with those
The Vote by States on the Federal Constitution. of Sweden, so the best service he could give to
Samuel Willard.
his race would be to cement still closer its spir-
A Defect in an Excellent Text-Book. Henry B.
itual bond with Sweden, the greatest honor he
Hinckley.
could do his country would be to increase the
A GREAT ROMAN PRELATE. C. A. L. Richards 253
share of its contribution to the only literature
CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTIONS, NORTH AND through which Finnish ideals and aspirations
SOUTH, John J. Halsey .
258
might hope to flow into the current of European
AN ENGLISH STATESMAN IN EGYPT. Percy culture. Hence, although “torn like a bloody
Favor Bicknell.
260
shield from the heart of Sweden," Finland has
REASON AND FAITH. John Bascom . .
261 been brought, since the Russian domination,
Drummond's The Ideal Life.- Orr's The Ritschlian closer in spirit to its old time suzerain than
Theology.-Huntington's A National Church.-War-
field's The Significance of the Westminster Standards
ever before, and it thus comes about that the
as & Creed. - Moberly's Ministerial Priesthood. names of two nineteenth-century Finns are to
Carus's Buddhism and its Christian Critics.-Tyner's be reckoned among the greatest in Swedish
The Living Christ.- Warner's The Facts and the
Faith. - Trever's Studies in Comparative Theology.
letters.
Barrows's Christianity, the World - Religion.
Topelius was born January 14, 1818, and
Wright's Scientific Aspects of Christian Evidences.
was educated at the University of Helsingfors.
INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACY, AND OTHER
In 1842 he became editor of the Helsingfors
STUDIES. C. R. Henderson
263
“ Tidningar," retaining the connection until
Mr. and Mrs. Webb's Industrial Democracy. - Vin-
cent's The Social Mind and Education.- Escott's
1860, and giving to the public through the
Social Transformations of the Victorian Age. - medium of this newspaper his earlier poems
Wyckoff's The Workers.
and novels. Meanwhile (1854), he was called
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
265 to a chair in his alma mater, where he per-
An aid to musical understanding. - Mathematical formed the function of a professor of history
Psychology, so-called. – The Blackwood group of
famous Scots. — The mystery of “The Statue in the
for nearly a quarter of a century. In 1878, at
Air."- Mysteries of the Neo-Celtic Movement. - A the age of sixty, he resigned from the Univer-
study of the religions of primitive people. - Some sity, that he might devote himself exclusively
diverse matrimonial experiences. — Bible diction in
Old English prose.- A surgeon to three kings.
to literary composition, and now, at the ripe
age of eighty, he has passed away, after having
BRIEFER MENTION.
268
enriched Swedish literature with a memorable
LITERARY NOTES
268
series of works in prose and verse.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS .
270 These works are so numerous that we may
.
.


248
[April 16,
THE DIAL
no more than mention the greater number of and one of the nobility, and of these families
them, and that chiefly for the purpose of indi some members figure prominently in each tale.
cating the wide range of the author's interests As the descent of the royal line is traced from
and attainments. There are the three volumes one generation to another, the descent of these
of poems called “ Ljungblommor” (Heather families is in like manner traced from father to
Blossoms), besides two later collections of verse. son through the entire series. Thus we have
He wrote profusely for the stage, his chief plays all three elements of Swedish society, the king,
being “ Titian's Första Kärlek” (Titian's First the nobility, and the people, represented in
Love), “ Ett Skärgaardsäfventyr” (A Tale of members of these families throughout the nar-
the Íslands), “ Efter Femtio Aar” (Fifty rative. And there is still another bond of union
Years After), “Regina af Emmerits,” and in the shape of a ring which is closely connected
“ Princessan af Cypern ” (The Princess of Cy- with the fortunes of the principal characters in
prus), the last-named work being a fairy-drama, these romances. So ingeniously is this made
borrowed from the “Kalevala," and written to figure in the narrative, that the somewhat
for the inauguration of the national theatre at questionable device of introducing such an ele-
Helsingfors. As a writer for children he pro ment of enchantment or superstition may be
duced many volumes of “Sagor" (Legendary pardoned, especially as such a device finds hon-
Tales) and “ Läsning för Barn” (Reading for orable precedents in romantic literature. For
the Young). His “ Naturens Bok” (The Book this ring has the power of bringing to its owner
of Nature) has been widely useful in the Swed- good-fortune as long as it shall remain in his
ish and Finnish schools. His works of serious possession, and he shall not forfeit claim to its
scholarship include a history of the war in Fin- protection by perjuring himself. And this ring,
land, and several books devoted to the descrip- unlike that famous ring of the Niblungs which
tion of his pative country.
brought only a curse to its possessor, is also un-
Such a series of books as has above been like it in being a thing of no value in itself, a
catalogued would secure a commanding posi- mere bit of copper with a symbolical inscription.
tion for any worker in the field of letters. But The standard English translation of this
the most important work of Topelius remains romantic cycle occupies six volumes, of which
to be mentioned. It is the cycle of historical the first three bring us down to the death of
romances entitled “ Fältskärns Berättelser Charles XII., that turning-point in Swedish
(The Surgeon's Stories) that has extended the history, while the three remaining volumes
fame of their author far beyond the bounds of carry the narrative on to the closing years of
Finland and the Scandinavian peninsula, that the eighteenth century. In the first half of the
has, in short, won for him his place in the noble work we have, then, such episodes as the Battle
company of great historical novelists that be- of Lützen, the wars with Poland, Denmark,
gins with Scott, and ends (for the present) with and Russia, a remarkable study of the witch-
Mr. Sienkiewicz. In addition to this great craft superstition in Finland, the Finnish fam.
series of tales, Topelius produced a second ine of 1697, the revolution in land tenure known
series, entitled “Vinterqväller" (Winter Even as the Great Reduction, the plague of 1710,
ings), somewhat less coherent than the former, the Battle of Pultova, and the Norwegian expe-
but having to a considerable extent the same dition of Charles XII. with its fatal outcome.
general characteristics.
In the second and less stirring half of the work
“The Surgeon's Stories” form a cycle of bril we have depicted for us the gradual recupera-
liant and vivid episodes from the great period tion of Sweden after the Peace of Nystad, the
of Sweden's history – the period of Gustaf political intrigues of the Hat and Cap parties,
Adolf and Charles XII.— and from the period the injurious commercial policy of the King-
of her decline during the eighteenth century. dom, the academic life of the period, the char-
There are fifteen of them altogether, linked acter and work of the great Linnæus, and the
together externally by the personality of the vagaries of the Swedish alchemists.
surgeon who narrates them to a group of friends, Topelius does not belong to the archæolog-
and internally, not only by the historical se ical school of historical novelists, and there is
quence of events, but also by a device which is
no trace of pedantry in his work. We do not
the invention of the author. Alongside with mean by this that he is open to the charge of
the history of the kings who figure conspicu. perverting historical material or even to that
ously in the narrative, there is traced for us
of any very
considerable inaccuracy, but merely
the history of two families, one of the people I that he does not allow his imagination to be
a


1898.]
249
THE DIAL
fettered by a too close adherence to historical “ Let us pause here, at the first view of spring. The
details, that he claims for invention the right disappearing snow must always remember that it melts
of full sway in matters which do not concern
before the sun of heaven; the springing verdure must
never forget that the snow-drifts protected its roots from
the essential features of the epoch or the situa- the wintry frosts. May the old go out, may the new
tion to be portrayed. In one of the interludes come in, with love !
which occur between the tales, the author, speak-
“ And so ends our story, one evening in spring. And
ing in the person of the Surgeon, but evidently
God knows when the berries will ripen in the woods."
for himself, thus defends his method :
With these solemn and pathetic words we leave
“I will not dictate anyone's belief, nor do I deny that
the old century for the new, and are prepared
all the names and details which I mention will be looked for the brief but brilliant career of Charles XII.
for in vain in the chronicles. For my idea about story Here we undoubtedly have the climax of the
telling is that its truth consists in its possibility of being entire work; but it is the fault of history rather
true; by its agreeing with the essential characteristics
of what is to be described. I will even go so far as to
than of Topelius that the interest of his story
say, that in this way the reality may sometimes be more must decline with the death of that great sol.
clearly shown than by a mere record of events. I can, dier. Yet the chronicle goes on to the time of
for instance, picture Napoleon eating a sandwich
the Napoleonic wars, and we would not willingly
posito, that I have really seen him eating a sandwich;
miss the volumes that cover the eighteenth cen-
can I, therefore, say that I have given a good picture
of Napoleon? But suppose I invent about him some tury. We might indeed wish that the narrative
great exploit which never really happened, but which is had not ended here, but Topelius did not have
entirely like him; or that I put in his mouth some strong the heart to write of the transformation of his
word which he never uttered, but which corresponds to
a hair with his actual temperament — is not that which
own country into a part of the Russian Empire.
I have imagined more essentially real than the small
For he always wrote, although in the Swedish
sandwich which is real only by chance?”
language, as a Finn, and it is as such that he
Topelius has been for many years a teacher of penned these proud and loving words:
history, and every teacher of history whom ped-
“ And the Baltic stretches its mighty blue arms east
and north, and folds in its tumultuous embrace a daugh-
antry has not entirely dessicated knows how
ter of the sea, a land of the waves which bad sprung up
supremely important to the student is the ac-
from its bosom, and, still increasing, lifts her solid rocks
quisition of those broad general views of past high above her mother's heart. Finland is the best be-
times and events which alone can give meaning loved child of the Baltic. To this day she empties her
to the details, and how valuable an auxiliary not uplifted by the offering, but draws lovingly and ten-
he
may
find in those romances wherein writers
derly back, like an indulgent mother, that the daughter
of genius have been pleased to interpret and may grow, and every summer clothe with grass and flow-
inform with a new vitality scenes and charac ers new shores laid open to the day. Happy the land
ters typical of past momentous epochs in the
which lulls in its bosom the waves of a thousand lakes,
and stretches a shore of nine hundred miles toward the
history of mankind.
The beauty of style in these books is at times
very marked, and does not always disappear in
the translation. The following passage, de-
scriptive of the last moments of one of the nob TOLSTOÏ ON ART AND BEAUTY.
lest among the noble race of the Bertelskjölds,
Will Count Tolstoï, the great Russian novelist
may be quoted by way of illustration.
and moralist, revolutionize current con
onceptions of
“ His beautiful head, surrounded by its once black
art? He firmly believes that he is bound and able
locks now silvered by time, was still the slumbering wit-
to effect such a revolution, and he is engaged on a
ness of a soul noble and sensitive, proud, brave, and
heroic. He slept, as a past time slumbers in the sunshine philosophical work dealing with the origin, function,
of the new.
and social mission of art. One chapter of this work
« The sun which now shown into Abo Castle was the
has been published in a Russian magazine called
evening sun of the grand and eventful seventeenth cen “Questions of Psychology and Philosophy," and the
tury, alike gigantic in the spiritual and material world. ideas there expressed have attracted considerable
Its night was felt to be near, when, after the setting of attention in the Russian and French press. It ap-
the star of Charles XI., two new and far more powerful
pears to me that Tolstoï has really advanced an
and brilliant stars, one in the west, the other in the east,
important, if not original, suggestion, though his
appeared above the horizon. The blue rim which Ber-
telskjöld in vain sought in the icy sea, had now widened
sweeping generalizations cannot be accepted without
into a glittering fjord, where the waves played free;-
material qualifications.
and now it was spring everywhere in the spiritual realms,
What Tolstoï objects to most strenuously is the
and the ice of superstition commenced to melt, and the assumption of writers on art that there is a close and
eternally swelling billows of human thought freely began vital connection between art and beauty, and that the
to seek the infinite beyond the shores of time.
object of art is to gratify the aesthetic needs. Is there,
sea !”


250
[April 16,
THE DIAL
my
he asks, an objective definition of beauty? Has ever of perfect intercourse; hence its transcendent im-
a test been formulated which would enable us to portance in man's intellectual and moral life.
draw a distinct line between subjects properly com Since Tolstoi claims absolute precision for his
ing within the scope and jurisdiction of art, and sub formula, it may be pointed out that what we know
jects unfit for artistic treatment? Answering these of the methods and ways of artists does not tend to
questions in the negative, Tolstoi imagines that he support the reiterated assertion that in every case
has proved the necessity of rejecting absolutely the the purpose of the artist is to reproduce in himself
notion that art ministers to pleasure. He denounces and convey “before-experienced” emotions. It
this notion as vicious and injurious, and he holds it may be admitted, in a general sense, that when Beet-
directly responsible for the decadent tendencies in hoven composed his Pastoral symphony he repro-
the various branches of art. Indeed, so convinced duced emotions he had actually experienced in the
is be of the soundness and value of his own new country. But take such a work as Richard Straus's
theory that he regrets that his great novels were “Thus Spake Zarathustra." Can it be maintained
written under the tacit acceptance of the prevailing that while reading Nietzsche's strange masterpiece
view. “I should have produced very different he felt the musical forms in which he embodied,
works,” he virtually says, “ had I made discov. subsequently, the abstract ideas of man's struggles,
ery at the opening of my career as an imaginative changes, and search for the meaning of life? The
writer.”
truth is that Strauss tried very hard to find musical
And what, in brief, is his revolutionary theory? equivalents to those abstract ideas. Whether he was
This : That art is one of the necessary conditions of entirely successful or not, his symphonic poem can-
social existence, an essential means of intercourse not be excluded from any proper definition of art.
between man and man; that all art activity is If we refuse to exclude it, we must qualify the Tol-
founded on the psychological fact that a man who stoi definition. This, however, is only in passing.
assimilates an expression of emotion by a fellow The real question arising in one's mind is what
man is made to undergo the same psychological ex reason Tolstoi has given for banishing the ideas of
perience as that of the other man. The origin and beauty and pleasure from his philosophy of art?
beginning of art, Tolstoï proceeds, may be referred Granting that he has laid stress on a point of cardi-
to the moment when man, conceiving the purpose of nal importance,-not perhaps sufficiently considered
imparting to others feelings experienced by himself, before, though dimly perceived by all thinkers,
first reproduces these feelings in himself, and then, what necessary antagonism is there between the con-
by means of signs and symbols, manifests them 80 ception that art is a “condition of social existence"
as to affect others. Where feeling is imparted, and and an “important means of intercourse," and the
the object is this conveyance, we have art. The conception that art aims to reproduce or represent
means are found in movements, lines, colors, sounds, beauty? That art yields pleasure, Tolstoi does not
images, and words ; but in every case the purpose deny; he merely insists that the pleasure is inci.
is to excite before-experienced feelings and emotions. dental, just as the pleasure from the absorption of
All emotions, the strong as well as the faint, food is incidental to the deeper object of sustaining
the noble as well as the mean, the significant as life. But Tolstoi's principle leaves us without a
well as the trivial, constitute the subject matter guide so far as the choice of subjects for artistic
of art. Take the feeling of self-abnegation and treatment is concerned. Art, as he says, may con-
resignation to the decree of fate produced by vey low and ignoble emotions as well as noble and
the drama; or take the ardent joy and ecstasy of high ones; but what emotions ought the artist to
love depicted in romance; or the enjoyment of convey? Here, clearly, the old quarrel between the
nature excited by a painting; or the inspiration and literary realists and romanticists presents itself in a
courage conveyed by martial and triumphal music; wider aspect. The artist has many experiences ;
or the infectious gayety of the dance; or the grati- which among them shall he select for reproduction
fication of the sense of humor by an anecdote; or, and conveyance? Is not the real answer, which
finally, the sense of peace and serenity excited by a Tolstoï could not escape if pressed, that he is bound
quiet evening scene — what is there essentially in to select the finest and most exalted ? In other
words, is he not to select that which embodies phy-
answer is, the reproduction and conveyance of feel sical, intellectual, or moral beauty?
ing. And what is the object of such reproduction Such an answer would reconcile the Tolstoï view
and conveyance? The promotion of mutual under with that he vehemently combats. Indeed, in rightly
standing and sympathy by means of artistic forms saying that without art the most intimate and deli-
of expression. Human intercourse would be crude cate emotions could not be expressed at all, does
and inadequate if we were confined to the ordinary he not imply that the object and value of art lie
means; to convey the more intimate and delicate in refining and elevating human nature by convey-
emotions art is needed — music, poetry, painting, ing the most exalted feelings of which the most
sculpture, movement, the drama. Instead of orig- sensitive and receptive of us, the artists, are capa-
inating in the play impulse,” as some scientists ble? On Tolstoï's own definition the highest art is
teach, instead of affording a channel for the expend necessarily the most beautiful, the truest, the pro-
iture of excessive vitality, art originates in the need foundest. Why, then, is it false and degrading to


1898.]
251
THE DIAL
say that the object of art is to promote the
appre appearance, and Mr. Grant Richards, who promises to
ciation of beauty as a means of spiritual culture and become a rather important influence in the publishing
social improvement?
world, is to introduce it to all who love Shakespeare and
Tolstoi abhors the principle of art for art's sake,
to all who love beautiful books. The same printing
but he is wrong in thinking that this principle owes
press is busy with an edition of Butler's « Lives of the
Saints," which is announced by Messrs. Gerald Duck-
its recognition to the identification of art with
worth & Co.
beauty. It is natural for Tolstoi to contend for the
Messrs. George Bell & Sons are getting ready a large
social mission of art, but the utter repudiation of and fully illustrated work on Westminster Abbey; but
beauty is neither demanded by his own theory of the edition is to be limited to three hundred and fifty
the origin of art nor calculated to strengthen the copies, of which Messrs. Macmillan of New York will
tendency toward constituting art a handmaid of have one hundred for America. They have also another
moral progress,—the tendency which Tolstoï would volume by Mr. Walter Crane “in preparation.” This
encourage. It is interesting to find that even in the
is to be a series of lectures on the subject of “ Form and
Line in Art." Charmingly printed editions, by the
Russian press Tolstoï's philosophy of art has not
been sympathetically received. It is doubtful
Chiswick Press, of Mrs. Browning's “Sonnets from the
Portuguese,” and Long's translation of the “Medita-
whether his complete work will have the effect he
tions” of Marcus Antoninus, will also be issued; but of
hopes for and intends.
VICTOR S. YARROS.
these works you will have opportunity to judge in
America, since you are to have editions.
Talking of editions of Shakespeare, I hear that Messrs.
Macmillan & Co. have commissioned one of our younger
Professors of Literature Dr. Herford - to undertake
ENGLISH CORRESPONDENCE.
a new annotated edition, one which shall take the place
of the well-known “Cambridge Edition," of which they
London, April 4, 1898. hold the publishing rights. Not that this venture is
I am afraid the season has proved not a very profitable
likely soon to be completed. At any rate, the volumes
one for publishers. It is, of course, too early to make
will doubtless form, from time to time, a distinguishing
any final statement; but all signs, so far, point to an
feature in Messrs. Macmillan's announcements.
extremely dull time, and complaints are being murmured
Towards the autumn, Messrs. C. A. Pearson will
of the bad trade. As a matter of fact, with the excep-
issue the following novels, which have not as yet been
tions of a few novels and Bodley's “ History of France,"
announced here: “ The Adventures of Captain Kettle,"
hardly any book has made the slightest stir. Of the by Mr. C. J. Catcliffe Hyne; “ The Phantom Army,"
novels, the most marked attention has been paid to Mr. by Mr. Max Pemberton; “Under the Black Flag," by
Israel Zang will, for his “Dreamers of the Ghetto." Mr. William Coestall; “Despair's Last Journey," by
The impress of the sixpenny illustrated magazine is Mr. David Christie Murray; "Settled Out of Court,"
on everything. Whatever falling off there is in the by Mr. G. B. Burgin; “ Brothers of the People,” by
business of the publishing world may be safely put down
Mr. Fred Whishaw; “ The Seed of the Poppy," by Mr.
to that counter-influence. Nowadays, people get in the
Clive Holland; and a new novel, the title of which has
illustrated magazine all they apparently want in the not yet been fixed, by Mrs. L. B. Walford. Mr. Bret
way of reading; and they get it tastefully served, and
Harte will also issue his new volume of stories through
in piquant, small courses; so that, in addition to the
the same firm.
excellent material, there is the charm of variety, and An important series of illustrated histories and guides
also the advantage of cheapness. Messrs. Newnes and to our public schools is being prepared, and will be issued
Messrs. Pearson, and particularly the former, are reap-
by Messrs. George Bell & Sons. The series is to begin
ing a great harvest of profit. Messrs. Newnes have just
with volumes on Eton, Harrow, Shrewsbury, and, I be-
brought out another “monthly” – “The Wide World lieve, Rugby and Winchester. The scheme is an excel-
Magazine ” — and this again promises to catch on "; lent one, if only for the reason that no such short and
and now we hear brave rumors of another illustrated handy works are to be had.
magazine, this time at threepence. The Harmsworth Co.
TEMPLE SCOTT.
intend to make this threepenny venture a “perfect mar-
vel” for the money; at any rate, that is what we hear.
Certainly, if anybody can do it, this house can. Maga-
zines are on everybody's lips, and another again is on
COMMUNICATIONS.
the stocks, in the shape of a great illustrated literary
monthly, at one shilling. Whether or no anything will
THE LOWELL MEMORIAL.
come of it remains to be seen. Literary magazines, in
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
this country, seem fated for failure.
It is with no little concern that I read the words in
Among the really fine books that we are to have will your last issue, “ The James Russell Lowell Memorial
be a glorious edition of the works of Shakespeare; I do Park is in danger.” The failure of this project would
not mean a great, cumbersome, annotated one, filled with be a national disgrace, and it must not occur. The mite
antiquarian lore and the grubbings of British Museum which the undersigned can contribute has so far been
work,- I mean an edition which, for type and "get-up,” neglected, but shall be sent at once. Are there not
from the point of view of the art of the printer, will, many among the readers of The DIAL who have not yet
without doubt, prove to be the most beautifully printed done their duty ? Doubtless the excitement of the polit-
book of the century. It is intended to issue it in fifty ical world has drawn the attention of many aside; but
parts. At present, I can only tell you that the famous let us not forget that merely for his political career
Constable firm of printers will be responsible for its Lowell is exceptionally worthy a high place in the mem-


252
[April 16,
THE DIAL
SO 6
ory of his country. Let it not be said to our shame that He has the total vote correct, 354, which I verified by
such a man failed to secure a sufficient hold upon the repeated countings of the names. [Elliott, Vol. II.,
popular mind to make possible so inexpensive and yet so pp. 178-181.7
appropriate a monument as the proposed park would Some writers give the vote of New York as 30 yeas,
form. None of us will like to go to Cambridge in the 28 nays. A test vote before the final one gave 31 yeas,
future and feel that the absence of such a memorial is 29 nays, sixty members voting; but on the final vote of
due in any part to our own negligence. How many dol fifty-seven members the yeas were 30, nays 27. If the
lars will be forwarded at once by readers of THE DIAL? president had voted as he did on the previous day there
I do not just now recall the address to which money would have been 28 nays; but one of each side was ab-
should be sent, but the editor will doubtless be glad to sent, and the president did not vote.
append it to this letter.
W. H. JOHNSON. The vote of Virginia is also generally misstated, as
Granville, Ohio, April 6, 1898.
Yeas 89, Nays 79. Elliott gives this vote by a list of
the voters in the affirmative first, wherein we find James
[Contributions forwarded to Prof. Charles Eliot
Madison and John Marshall, the two who really carried
Norton, Cambridge, Mass., would no doubt get into the convention with them by fact and argument. Then
the proper hands. — EDR.
is given the list of negative voters, where we find noted
names, as James Monroe, Patrick Henry, George Mason,
THE VOTE BY STATES ON THE FEDERAL John Tyler, and Edmund Ruffin — the latter name made
CONSTITUTION.
notorious by the man who bore it in 1861, and obtained
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
the favor of firing the first secessionist gun at Fort
The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table, in the very
Sumter. The clerk gave no numbers at the foot of the
first of those merry caprices with which he adorned the lists; but in the table of contents the vote is stated as
first volumes of “The Atlantic Monthly,” says:
“ All
usually given, 89 to 79. A glance at the list of noes lets
generous minds have a horror of what are called facts.
the reader see that these columns are of equal length,
They are the brute beasts of the intellectual domain.”
which cannot make 79; each column has twenty-six
To be sure, a little later he warns the reader to “con names, making 78. Eleven majority, not ten, was given
dition” and “ qualify" this remark with a certain amount
in the Virginia convention for the formation of the Union.
of “seasoning" before making it one of the axioms of
While hunting in “ Niles's Register” I came upon a
practical life. We are all of us aware of some minds
singular fact : there was no official declaration as to
generous” (we use the Autocrat's euphemism) that
what states voted for the several candidates for the
they use none of the suggested seasoning: at least they presidency when John Quincy Adams was elected presi-
keep a respectful distance from fact, with due horror of dent by the House of Representatives in 1821. The
too close an approach. But, as he said, “ Logic is logic:
reason was that the vote was by ballot, and the ballots
that's all I say," so we may urge - History is history:
did not show who cast them. Webster, and Randolph
when it gets away from fact it is not history. It may
of Roanoke, were of the committee of tellers; Webster
be well to correct small errors.
announced to the speaker that thirteen votes had been
Reviewing lately the ever-interesting story of the
cast for Adams, seven for Jackson, and four for Craw-
adoption of the Constitution of the United States, I was
ford; Randolph instantly rose and said that thirteen
led, by discrepancies between some of the ordinary books
states had voted for Adams, seven for Jackson, and four
that relate the actions of the several state conventions,
for Crawford. But how the several representatives
to look into “ Elliott's Debates," constantly cited as our
voted may be found in “ Niles's Register," Vol. 27, in
chief authority. Turning to the vote in Massachusetts, the issue following that which told the congressional
I find recorded the entire list of voters, man by man,
proceedings.
SAMUEL WILLARD.
the names of the towns which they represented being Chicago, April 12, 1898.
given, all arranged by counties, with the footing of each
county by itself, and the final footing – Yeas 187, Nays
A DEFECT IN AN EXCELLENT TEXT-BOOK.
168. This is the footing given in most historical works;
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
it is so given as the result in Fiske’s “Critical Period," Shall I seem invidious if I ask for space to call atten-
Larned's “History for Ready Reference,” Harpers' tion to a defect in a very excellent text-book which I
“ Book of Facts,” Schouler's “ History of the United have had the pleasure of examining lately: Dr. Mead's
States," and other books of like excellence. Hart's edition of Malory's “Morte Darthur”?
“ Formation of the Union ” says “187 to 167.” Mr. In the Introduction, the fifteenth century literature
George T. Curtis, in Winsor's “ Narrative and Critical of Scotland is too slightly mentioned to give a correct
History,” says the majority was nineteen.
idea of Malory's position among writers nearly of his
Now, if one will add the footings for the several time. The literary efflorescence at the court of James
counties as given in Elliott, he will be surprised to find the Fourth may have had little, if any, effect on other
Yeas 202, Nays 155; a majority of forty-seven. But places, but is of real interest in itself; and a suitable
testing the county footings, he finds Essex put down as edition of the earlier “King's Quair” would find for
6 nays; yet a careful count shows it should that delicious poem the audience of all men who pre-
have been 37 yeas, 7 nays. The next county, Middlesex, tend to be well-read in English literature. A scholar
is footed 17 yeas, 25 nays: it should have been 18 yeas, of to-day might like to accost the ghost of Dr. Johnson
24 nays. These two errors balance each other. The with the remark: “Sir, in the fifteenth century the lit-
next, Hampshire, is put down as 33 yeas, 19 nays: it erary centre of Great Britain was not in England but
should have been 19 yeas, 32 nays, - a double error. in Scotland." No doubt the retort would be prompt and
The rest of the counties are footed correctly. The final vigorous, after the manner of one who tossed and gored.
result when these errors are corrected is — Yeas 186, But the statement is worthy of recognition.
Nays 168: a majority of eighteen; not of nineteen, as
HENRY B. HINCKLEY.
most have it, nor of twenty, as Professor Hart has it. Northampton, Mass., April 8, 1898.
38 yeas,


1898.]
253
THE DIAL
The New Books.
reliant student, on the way to become “the
solid manly Englishman of whom Englishmen
were proud,” he passed for a somewhat dull lad
A GREAT ROMAN PRELATE.*
among his gayer contemporaries. He was a
Mr. Wilfrid Ward, when he writes a biog-
gawky, ill-knit figure, as he sauntered about,
raphy, is sure of readers. His life of his father deep in his books, with no interest in athletic
is a masterpiece. It is given to few sons so to
games. His religion helped to isolate him. A
paint a father's portrait that it shall be at once
papist was under the ban in those days in Prot-
attractive and convincing. To be sure, William
estant England. The boy of ten or twelve was
George Ward was a rare personality, suggest-
hooted for his creed, as he stood in Durham at
ive of vigorous handling.
his mother's window. This early experience of
Cardinal Wiseman was hardly a less remark-
intolerance probably stiffened his fibre and
able subject for Mr. Wilfrid Ward's treatment.
made him instinctively more a papist than be-
The biographer's knowledge of him is naturally
fore. It doubtless had its part in reconciling
less direct and immediate,—such as a boy could
him to an early exile, as a candidate for the
have of a frequent visitor at his father's house,
priesthood, at the English College just then
who was fond of talking with children. The revived at Rome. The journey from England
first English cardinal since the days of Pole
to Italy was an adventure, with perils asea and
was likely to make a mark on a boy's lively
ashore. The boy of sixteen landed at Leghorn
imagination. The traditional memories would after a voyage of almost three months. Thence
long remain of one who looked and lived the
to Rome, now a few hours' transit, was a jour-
part of a great churchman, and was “ abund-
ney of anxious days and nights. There were
antly endowed with those specially human qual-
alarming tales of brigands, illustrated by recent
ities” which give life-blood to character.
captures hanged in terrorem by the way. The
The grandfather of Nicholas Wiseman mi-
cry of “ Ecco Roma” rejoiced the weary trav-
grated from Ireland to Spain late in the eigh- eller's ears; and at the door of the re-opened
teenth century. His son, a Spanish merchant,
college the figure of the ancient porter, who
married, as his second wife, an Irish lady. On
stood “all salutation, mumbling toothless wel-
August 2, 1802, the day before Napoleon's con-
comes in as yet an almost unknown tongue,"
sulate for life began, her child was born at
was a joyous vision.
Seville. She laid the infant
It was a season of awakening hope, after long
the Cathedral
upon
altar, and devoted him to the service of the years of disaster, for the adherents of the papacy.
Church. 6. The first stratum of his mind was
Pius the Seventh had returned from his exile.
deeply tinged by the soil on which he was born.”
Napoleon was entombed alive at St. Helena.
There was a hidalgo reserve and grandiosity The storm had blown itself out, and kings, and
about him always, in spite of his genial temper.
pontiffs also, “ crept out to feel the sun. Let-
The sight of the prize crews ashore at Cadiz ters and art began to revive, the art still some-
after Trafalgar may have stirred the young
what academic under Canova and Oberbeck
Spaniard's modicum of British blood, and pre-
and Cornelius, but in the realm of the blind the
pared him for his return, at three years old, to
one-eyed are kings. Hand in hand throughout
Ireland. He was presently put to school, to
Europe went the Romantic Movement in liter-
acquire, with or without a local brogue, the
ature and the Catholic Reaction in religion. It
English tongue. Five years later he was trans-
was a stimulating period. The young student
ferred to a Roman Catholic college near Dur-
at the English College was not wholly engaged
ham. It had been an offshoot of Douay. As
with theology and philosophy, but found his
the school of a proscribed class it developed
recreation in music and Italian art and Roman
vigor and intensity in its pupils. It checked
antiquities and Oriental languages. His very
speculation. It curbed the restive genius of the
walks about Rome were fruitful of inspiration
young Southerner, half Iberian and half Celt,
and suggestion. Nor were they lacking in a
and cooled without chilling his fervid blood.
spice of adventure, for banditti close to the great
He describes himself at this time as “ a lone,
capital were not quite unheard of.
unmurmuring boy, who could find no pastime
To one familiar with the chill and severity
So sweet as a book.” An absorbed and self-
of the Anglican service or the Roman service
in England at that period, the splendor of Ro-
*THE LIFE AND TIMES OF CARDINAL WISEMAN. By
Wilfrid Ward. In two volumes. New York: Longmans,
man ceremonial was an impressive contrast. It
Green, & Co.
affected the imagination of as stout Protestants
>>


254
[April 16,
THE DIAL
He was
as Bunsen and Stanley and Macaulay. The which he fought his doubts and gathered
time had not come when a Roman Catholic strength.”
strength.” Absorbed in spiritual conflict, he
lady, on attending a certain ritualistic church found the grosser temptations of his youth pass-
in New York, could tell her protestant friend ing him by scatheless.
that the service was beautiful, but she preferred From 1828 he was for twelve years Rector
the simplicity of her own, Roman, worship. of his college. He became a noted preacher to
The tropical nature of Wiseman was profoundly the English sojourners at Rome. Master of
moved by such splendors. With scrupulous half a dozen languages, he could preach freely
minuteness of detail and loving tenderness of in Italian, French, and English. In the gift of
phrase he described the appearance of the aged tongues he was second to Mezzofanti only, and
Pope at the festival of Corpus Christi. The had something to say in several languages,
page is ablaze with color and ornament. It is which the greater linguist had not.
the sketch of an artist and poet rather than well read in the literature of France, England,
of a priest or student. It is excessive in its Germany, and Italy. He was a competent
enumeration of all that met the eye or struck critic in art and music, an authority upon ritual,
the mind. “A gift for particularization is as a collector of old china, and learned in stained
precious as a gift for generalization,” said an glass. He ceased to be a cloistered student.
able thinker; and Wiseman possessed the for He mingled more with men, and lived a richer
mer gift, even superabundantly. When the and fuller life. With a constitutional shyness
day came that he must leave these alluring which he never quite shook off, and a demeanor
ceremonials and all the kindred fascinations of that was very grave, even a little pompous,"
Rome, when duty called him to take up his he was natural and unaffected, a favorite guest,
abode in a less exuberant climate and a paler a cordial host. A story told at this time across a
civilization, Wiseman found the change a sac Roman dinner-table suggests that, even in the
rifice. He yearned toward the scenes of his patrimony of St. Peter, life was a little primi-
youth ever after.
tive, not far removed from the civilization of an
Receiving his doctorate in divinity at the age American frontier. An agent for a great estate
of twenty-one, he was at twenty-five made Vice in the country is about his work, when he feels
Rector of his college. His life was now the a touch upon his shoulder.
proves
that
life of the brilliant scholar, the student of Ori- native of the region is using him for a gun-rest;
ental literature. He describes quiet hours in presently there is a report, and the neighbor
the Vatican Library, with Cardinal Mai for his falls. The agent looks around for some expla-
sole companion, in the great hall of Manu-nation. “That is nothing," says the slayer ;
scripts, glowing with Zuccari's decorations. It “ He was a bad fellow." The climate seemed
is midsummer; the very copyists are absent on unwholesome, and the agent withdrew without
their annual vacations." The half-closed shut delay to Rome, like any " tenderfoot” to-day.
ters and drawn curtains impart a drowsy atmos It was in the year 1830 that Wiseman began
phere to the delicious coolness, while the broil- to think that a work lay before him in England.
ing sun glares on the square without." Tourists He dreamed of that fair land as no longer in
familiar with Italian galleries in August may schism but restored to its Catholic heritage.
suspect a lack of ventilation as having to do The vision haunted him. To realize it became
with the drowsiness. Wiseman, however, had the purpose of his life. For this he laid aside
become essentially an Italian; and ventilation his scholarly preoccupations and became the
is not an Italian necessity.
man of affairs. The Oxford Movement was not
drowsiness did not infect his style or his mat- yet above the horizon. Nine years later, an
ter. His “Horæ Syriacæ” is still an authority, article of Wiseman's on Augustine and the
respectfully noticed by scholars like Westcott Donatists pierced through a rift in Newman's
and Tregelles. His reputation widened, and Anglican armor wherein he had trusted, and
Germaps like Niebuhr and Tholuck and Bunsen touched his very life. For him the cherished
became his correspondents. He was presently
He was presently via Media was no longer possible. Between
made Professor of Oriental Tongues in the frank adherence to the Papacy and frank oppo-
Roman University. He read widely books that sition, between “the Scylla of Yes and the
he could not always commend to others. The Charybdis of No," there was no longer for him
early stages of Biblical criticism for a time dis any footing. The article -
gave me a stomach.
turbed his faith. He could confide his troubles ache,” he said. The attack grew chronic, and
to no one. The struggle went on for years, in the patient never rallied.
It
a


1898.]
255
THE DIAL
In 1840 Wiseman was elevated to the epis It was a tragic history to those racked and
copate, and set over Oscott College in England, rent seekers for authority in religion, but it had
“ not to educate a few boys, but to be the its comical episodes. Symbolism furnished one
rallying-point of a yet silent but vast move of them. Towards the close of Newman's long
ment.” He found much among his fellow hesitation, Wiseman sent a former curate of
Catholics which chilled and benumbed him, but Newman's, a Roman convert, to Littlemore,
in Pugin the architect he discovered one man to note any signs of an approaching decision.
after his own heart, who shared his fervid zeal He returned confident that the end was near.
and sympathized with his tropical luxuriance of By what did he judge? What had Newman
speech. Pagin refused to admit that a truly said ? Scarce a word ; but he had on gray
devout soul could pray in a hideous building. trousers. To one who knew his exactness in
The least piety would take him out of it. The clerical attire, it was enough. Plainly, he held
architect's taste was all for pointed Gothic, and himself no longer to be in orders. No wonder
the Bishop's took more kindly to Roman Re that Wiseman doubted. But the trousers had
naissance; but they could merge such differ a voice. They were prophetic, and soon the
ences in their common enthusiasm for Catholic plunge was made.
Symbolism. Each superabundantly loved cere Naturally, Wiseman's sanguine imagination
monial pomp and gorgeous vestments. Each saw half England following close upon New-
held dramatic what others pronounced theatri- man's heels.
man's heels. He was mistaken. Yet he was
cal. Wiseman saw in splendid “ functions” a not without reason for his exultant mood. The
reflection of the Church in its glory, going forth English Church is stronger to-day than ever.
arrayed for conquest. To him they were all Yet what the Roman Bishops especially valued
“ a perpetual feast of nectared sweets.” There has deeper root on English soil than at any
are those who cannot finish the quotation, previous period since the Reformation. The
“ Where no crude surfeit reigns.” There is English Papist no longer suffers from legal or
somewhat too much in his delight in them. We social disabilities. The day of Protestant intol-
are cloyed while he is unsatisfied. Perhaps we erance of all Catholic uses is at an end. The
are not Celtic, nor Italian, nor Iberian. He soundest pillar of Reformed doctrine is no longer
was all three in one complex personality. alarmed at crosses on church gables, at flowers
When “ Tract No. 90” was issued, all En and candles, at a transfiguration or crucifixion
gland was stirred. This, said onlooking Oscott, on his chancel wall, at a Lord's supper above
“ means business." Was it so, indeed, that the Holy Table, at carven saints about the
priests could sign the thirty-nine articles, yet porch, at splendid glass or shining brass or
hold all the doctrine of Trent? The Bishops embroidered altar-cloths. He
may
favor broth-
were not of that opinion, nor were the mass of erhoods and sisterhoods, he may read and talk
the laity; only a few of the clergy were pre of the Lives of the Saints, without coming
pared to go so far. Those few were soon to go
go under the suspicion that rested upon Bishop
farther. They were already nearing the plunge. Butler. He may hear confessions, in his study
Their chief held his peace and meditated apart. or his chapel, from released convicts or guile-
But he could not resist the current. There are less spinsters, without causing a shudder to his
steep grades where there can be no midway brother clergy. He may even pray for the dead
pausing. He had adopted premises of which and no bishop rebuke his godly liberty. It may
Rome was the logical conclusion. It was but not be all that Newman hoped or Wiseman
a question of time. Wiseman chafed while anticipated. It is far more than Keble and Pusey
Newman ruminated. The Anglican doctor
The Anglican doctor at the outset of the Oxford Movement could
dreamed of Roman concessions, of the reunion have looked for. The Anglican Church has
of the Papacy and the Church of England upon wonderfully revived, its life has deepened, its
equal terms. The Roman Bishop had no terms range broadened. The expansion has been not
to offer but those of unconditional surrender. wholly Romeward. It has gone towards Ger-
The Exclusive Church stood still and calmly many
also. It has turned back towards the day
waited. At last Mahomet took his step towards of undivided Christendom. It has reached for-
the immovable mountain. Ward and Newman ward towards the re-united Church of the Fu-
" went over.' Keble and Pusey, with less ture. Above all, it has sweetened and mellowed.
severity of logic, stopped on the brink. The The hard distrusts, the narrow bigotries, the
Oxford Movement broke abruptly in the caitiff panics, are things past. If the Anglican
middle.
Churchman to-day holds out a hand to the ven-


256
[April 16,
THE DIAL
erable bishop who sits enthroned in the Vatican, was at first amazed, then amused, then calmly
he holds out a hand also to the venerable breth- determined. Whoever lost his head, it was not
ren who from dissenting pulpits and continental he. Boldly he confronted the mobs of gentle
class-rooms are telling of Jesus Christ and and simple that trembled with wrath and indig-
throwing their light upon what His Church nation. The religious press, with “ The Times”
should be. In this large result, both Newman and “Punch” to lead the fray, was furious.
and Wiseman bore their part. In many re Wiseman's biographer can heartily laugh at
spects they builded better than they knew. It those clever cartoons which lost “Punch ”
is a worthier Christendom for their life and henceforth the coöperation of Richard Doyle.
labor. Few Catholics to-day indulge their old We suspect that the Cardinal himself enjoyed
time contempt for the Protestant; few Puri. them. After all, it was not libellous to liken
tans to-day shiver in dread of the Papist and him to Wolsey, and it was not Wiseman who suf-
the Jesuit. It were hard to find a churchman fered most at the caricaturist's hands, but vacil.
to-day who would regret to be too feeble to stick lating Lord John Russell, depicted as a naughty
a knife into a dissenter, whether of the Roman boy who chalks “ No Popery "on the Cardinal's
or the Sandemanian variety. Sydney Smith's door and takes to his heels. The Cardinal did
jest, thanks largely to Sydney Smith's manly not take to his heels, and the tempest proved
and sober earnest, has lost its point. Men of
Men of to be but a passing blow. A good many years
modern minds are able to conceive of the sur have gone by since, and the Papal Aggression
vival of men of medieval minds, and ultra- is a forgotten bugbear. Not yet is the Spanish
montanes like Ward indulge a large hope that Inquisition domesticated under the shadow of
agnostics like Huxley may be saved by virtue the Abbey. Those who fostered the preposter-
of their “invincible ignorance.” The hearts of ous panic were not long proud of their work,
Christian people have been drawn together, and
and the act of Parliament which recorded it
there is an increasing unity of the spirit that was a dead letter from the outset.
links James Martineau at one end with Leo The Cardinal's later years were em bittered,
XIII. at the other. No better evidence of its not by any popular opposition, but by feuds and
working need be sought than is to be found in intrigues within his own ecclesiastical house-
this genial and just Life of Cardinal Wiseman. hold. With declining health and failing en-
It in no way resembles that other recent biog.ergy, he found himself called upon to be a vain
raphy of a Prince of the Roman Church which peacemaker, where rival ambitions came in
might be entitled “Working Specifications for sharp conflict. There is a good deal of human
the Construction of an Ecclesiastical Machine, nature remaining in man even after ordination.
by an Expert.
Perhaps celibate man is peculiarly subject to
Wiseman had been ten years in England,
strifes and contentions. The " inevitable wo-
had been advanced from Bishop to Cardinal, man " who may trouble the married priest is
when in a single moment it seemed as if his not more perilous than the conflicts of author-
pacificatory work was undone and that the cry ity, the quest for power, that beset those whose
of “No Popery” was to ring out loud and harsh church is their only spouse. M. Fabre has a
In a pastoral “ from the Flaminian striking story in which the feminine element is
Gate" he had announced in a tone rashly ex quite absent, and clerical intrigue supplies, very
ultant the reëstablishment in England of a sufficiently, interest to the plot. The Cardinal
Roman hierarchy. He was to be no longer had to deal with two subordinates, men of
Bishop in partibus, but Cardinal Archbishop intense will concentrated upon ecclesiastical
of Westminster, with all the land parcelled out affairs. His coadjutor, an ecclesiastical mar-
into titular districts, beneath his sway. His tinet, an English Catholic of the old stock, be-
irrepressible enthusiasm at such a step forward came intolerable in his rigidity. He had as
at once aroused suspicion. John Bull went off coadjutor the right of succession to the Arch-
into a characteristic panic. Was the Reform-bishopric, and conscientiously assumed the duty
ation clean forgot? Was the land of Latimer of perpetual interference in Wiseman's lifetime.
and Ridley to be once more a papal heritage? The situation became impossible. It grew to
There was not the least ground for alarm. be a personal contest between Bishop Errington,
There was not one papist more for all the sound who was in immediate authority as coadjutor,
ing titles of the hierarchy. The soil was par and Dr. Manning, who afterwards succeeded
celled out by lines as imaginary as the equator. him. Wiseman was naturally by birth and train-
But the popular mind was all agog. Wiseman I ing a Roman Catholic, and took his church pecu-
as ever.


1898.]
257
THE DIAL
liarities easily. Errington, who had belonged him to his best. Excited in moments of seem-
to a proscribed class in his youth, and Mann- ing victory, he was always cool under fire, with
ing, who as a recent convert overemphasized every faculty at command. His imagination was
his ultramontanism, could not pull together. slightly in excess, and sometimes unduly pre-
At last Errington, who had refused to resign, ponderant. It made him over-impressionable,
was withdrawn by the intervention of the Pope. and now and then capricious. It lent its charm
Manning henceforward had the ascendancy. and color to his luxuriant Ciceronian eloquence.
Wiseman, not in judgment and feeling, but in It made him a ready improvisatore in Latin,
practical conduct, fell more under the control English, and Italian. His verse is loose in text-
of the stronger, which was not always the wiser, ure, but flowing and melodious. His style
will. The Roman organization perhaps gained. lacked compression. It could never be said of
It is not clear that the Catholic spirit gained him, in Landor's phrase, that he “inspissated
equally. One seems to discern the outcropping his yellows into blacks.” There was ever the
of occasional doubt in this regard in the mind something too much of facile genius. He loved,
of the biographer.
in diction as in life, splendor for its own sake.
When, on February 15, 1865, after a quarter He liked his state as Prince of the Church.
of a century of authority in England, Cardinal He graciously vested himself in his official
Wiseman went to his rest, his contemporaries robes to furnish Charles Kean the correct cos-
of all schools recognized that they had lost a tume for Cardinal Wolsey. Servants doted
great prelate and a large-hearted man. His upon him, though one good cook refused to
last days were of protracted suffering, which he imperil his soul by broiling him a prescribed
had borne with a sweet patience and submis- chop on a Friday. He was not insensible to
sion, sustained by undoubting faith. The strug- good cheer, and had a lobster-salad side as
gles of his youth had been forgotten. There well as a spiritual side.” His was a generous
were no clouds obscuring his spiritual vision. southern temperament, and Spaniards and
He had toiled much, and his work had been Italians were more at home with him than the
crowned with success. He had written much; denizens of the chilly North. He was rich in
if it had no permanent quality, yet it had served humor, which diffused itself through his genial
its
purpose
well. He had been a man of learn. demeanor. Above all, he was an honest man,
ing, of letters, of affairs. Natural as a child, pure and good, a worthy dignitary. His spirit
he had been a lover of children, and they re was devout. His mood was of faith and worked
paid his love in full measure. They could not by love. The Roman Church may well be proud
be persuaded that he was ugly; they only knew of giving him birth and nurture, of recognizing
that he was their friend. So far as this biog- his gifts, and setting him in her high places of
raphy reveals him, women bad at no time been authority. It may be questioned if every
Prot-
influential in his life, though he had been a estant denomination could breed just such a
good son to his mother, who had devoted him man, or would know precisely what to do with
to his great career. Like all busy men, he had him. The Roman Catholic Church has its nar-
loved idleness, and in talk of books and art and row doors and cramped vestibules, but there
men delighted to roll out his mind. He was seems room and verge enough for those who
curious as to all sorts of knowledge, which he are fairly inside. The air may be a little dense,
drew at first-hand from living experts, and overladen with incense, and the glass here and
liked freely to impart his new stores in their there obstructive of light; but there are no
first freshness of acquisition. The variety of
The variety of fixed pews to divide the floor, and there are
his interests, the versatility of his genius, gave side aisles and chapels for quiet refuges. If
him access to many differing minds. He was you
do n't insist upon too much ventilation, you
in the best sense a man of the world, a cour can do as well perhaps at St. Peter's as in Salem
teous, sympathetic gentleman. His presence Chapel, which has restrictions of its own.
was imposing, with a ruddy face and tall and
C. A. L. RICHARDS.
portly frame. In manner he was simple, a little
shy and reserved and dignified, at heart sensi-
PROFESSOR Percy Gardner has accepted the invitation
tive and affectionate. He hated the drudgery of the Council of the Archæological Institute of America
and petty details of office, yet could work prodi-
to lecture before the Societies of the Institute, in vari-
giously with thorough grasp of the whole field.
ous parts of the United States, during April and May.
He dreaded adverse criticism, and shrank from
The Institute expects to arrange for a similar series of
lectures, by some foreign scholar of distinction, every
public controversy, yet needed a crisis to bring
year hereafter.


258
[April 16,
THE DIAL
CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTIONS, NORTH
tainly no judge reared in New England of Fed-
AND SOUTH.*
eralist ancestors could take firmer nationalist
Judge Emory Speer, of the Federal Court ground than does Judge Speer in the fifth lec-
ture, on the eighteenth and last clause of Sec-
of the Southern District of Georgia, is so well
tion 8 Article I. of the Constitution — its En-
known as a lawyer and a judge, not only of the abling Act. That the Supreme Court is the
highest accomplishments but of eminently sound
and catholic judgment, that one turns with un-
final interpreter of questions involving the
Constitution, where the individual is concerned,
usual interest the pages of a book from him on
is clearly stated, as follows:
constitutional questions. Of South Carolina
“ Wherever the rights of the citizen may be affected
ancestry, of Georgian birth and life, and speak. by a particular governmental act, whether it be an act
ing in these pages originally to law students of of Congress or the State legislature, or of an executive
a Southern university, the opportunity was a or judiciary functionary, either of the State or of the
notable one.
But the very dedication of the
United States, if it be capable of submission to a court
book gives the key-note to what follows, and having jurisdiction, the final and common arbiter of the
constitutional question is the supreme judicial authority
assures the confidence of the reader. It runs :
of the courts of the United States. In such cases the
“To my father, Eustace W. Speer, D.D., an exem final decision of that authority is binding upon all the
plar of the Christian patriot, who early taught his chil people, all the states, and all the departments of the
dren that love of our common country he inherited from general government."
patriot sires."
At the same time, it is shown, as a matter of
This thin volume, so beautifully prepared by a fact, that in many cases the Executive or Con-
Southern publishing house, is a gratifying pro-
gress may decide that it is constitutional to act
duct of that new South which so many this side
in a certain manner, and so act, when the man-
the Ohio are yet loth to recognize. Speaking ner of action is wholly outside the purposes of
of these lectures in the preface, Judge Speer the Constitution.
says :
“ The constitutional corrective for such wrongs is the
“ It is gratifying to believe that after many formid vote of the people at the next appropriate election. The
able assaults and misguiding interpretations, from time decision of the executive as to the constitutionality of a
to time aimed at the indispensable and inherent powers measure has been found to be at times practically irre-
of the noble instrument to which they relate, its estab vocable, even after the decision of the Supreme Court
lished efficacy for all the essentials of National Govern had pronounced otherwise.”
ment has won for it lasting popular confidence and the
But all this only emphasizes the supreme
anxious desire of enlightened Americans to master its
principles. Indeed, there is now known of all men in authority, of both act and interpretation, of the
all sections of our country the priceless value of the federal government as a whole, subject only to
truth expressed by Washington in his Farewell Address.
revision by the sovereign people. This is good
• The Union is the edifice of our real independence, the
doctrine of the school of Washington and Ham-
support of our tranquility at home, our peace abroad,
our prosperity, our safety, and the very liberty which
ilton and Marshall.
we so highly prize; and for this Union we should cher One or two misprints are noticed, - as the
ish a cordial, habitual, immovable attachment, and formation of the Ohio Company in 1849, and
should discountenance whatever may suggest even a
the signature of the Treaty of Paris in 1782.
suspicion that it can in any event be abandoned.' The
author, engaged for nearly thirteen years with judicial
It is hardly accurate to speak of the Rocking-
duties largely involving the enforcement of the National ham ministry of 1765 as a Tory ministry; and
laws among Southern people, is enabled to certify that Judge Speer could not mean to say of the
this truth is as dear to the intelligent Southern men of Quebec Act of 1775, that“ it proposed to make
to-day as to Hamilton, the brilliant projector of the Con- all the New England and Middle States a part
stitution; to Madison, its incomparable advocate; to
Marshall, its great expounder; and to the illustrious
of the province of Canada.” The range of that
Washington himself.”
famous act stopped on the south and east at the
This is a high tribute, from a high source,
Ohio River and Lake Ontario.
to the sanity of thinking of the intelligent por One is not so sure of the book on “ Nullifi-
tion of the South on a fundamental matter;
cation and Secession.” Mr. Powell means well,
and in view of the doctrine of Federal power for he says:
advanced in the body of the book, we may ac-
“It is my desire to state facts as viewed from a
cept it as impartial and authoritative. Cer- strictly national, rather than from a sectional or partisan,
*LECTURES ON THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES, standpoint. But it is not without the sphere of legiti-
before the Law Class of Mercer University. By Emory Speer. mate history to aid, by such a statement of facts, in
Macon, Georgia : J. W. Burke Company.
creating a more generous national sentiment, and a con-
NULLIFICATION AND SECESSION IN THE UNITED STATES. viction on the part of all sections that political right-
By Edward Payson Powell. New York: G. P.Putnam's Sons. eousness has not been the exclusive property of any one


1898.]
259
THE DIAL
was
part of the United States. It is time to deal justly by office, we are asked, “ Was this the keen insight
the South, and recognize its full share in the better part
of a great mind; or was it the result of the
of nation-building, while at the same time we do not
overlook the diverse obligations that naturally fell upon
enmity of Hamilton?” We learn that the
the complementary sections. In writing a history of irrepressible but detestable Timothy Pickering
attempts at nullification and secession, I shall not forget bobbed once more into publicity. With a her-
that they are the expressions of that intense individual. edity of several generations of self-glorification,
ism which was the most potent factor in creating our
in being chosen of God,' he mixed religion and
Republic."
But this author does not always possess that politics with such skill that he could baptize
any meanness, and serve the Lord with any
clarity of vision which one who