reprinted from the quarto of 1639,
important subject, fairly interesting at the start and
and edited by Mr. Ezra Lehman, is a publication of the
much more so before the close. It goes into strictly University of Pennsylvania. From the same source we
church history with almost unnecessary fulness, so have a monograph by Mr. Chester Lloyd Jones on “The
as to be really a history of the Congregational Consular Service of the United States: Its History and
Church in Connecticut to 1818. The first chapters, Activities.” Thesė, and other publications of the Uni-
on general Congregational and New England his versity, are obtainable from the John C. Winston Co.,
tory, before coming to the proper theme of the book, | Philadelphia.
are largely a threshing over of old straw. Though Two interesting announcements in the magazine field
such chapters were necessary, they should have been are made simultaneously, one on the Atlantic and one
briefer, and left more space for the subject in hand
on the Pacific coast. The good old “ Putnam's Maga-
- religious toleration, and the theory of church
zine," of which the first series was issued in New York
more than a half-oentury ago, will reappear, with the
and state. The treatment of this subject is admir-
same name, in October. We shall miss, doubtless, the
able, and is a distinct contribution to the history of
familiar pea-green cover with luxuriant corn-blades
our national development. The placing of the ref-waving along the margin; but many of the characteristic
erences to authorities in the appendix seems to us features of the old series will be retained, with such
an objectionable arrangement.
added ones as may be demanded in recognition of


74
[August 1,
THE DIAL
The Poetry and Philosophy of George Meredith. By
George Macaulay Trevelyan. 12mo, uncut, pp. 234. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $1.50 net.
The Memoirs of the Lord of Joinville. A new English ver-
sion by Ethel Wedgwood; illus., 8vo, gilt top, pp. 409. E. P.
Dutton & Co.
Walt Whitman: A Study. By John Addington Symonds.
18mo, pp. 160. "New Universal Library.” E. P. Dutton &
Co. 50 cts.
The Social Ideals of Alfred Tennyson as Related to His
Time. By William Clark Gordon, A.M. 12mo, pp. 257. Uni-
versity of Chicago Press. $1.50 net.
Essays in the Making. By Eustace Miles, M.A. 12mo, uncut,
pp. 161. E. P. Dutton & Co. $1. net.
Alterations and Adaptations of Shakespeare. By Fred-
erick W. Kilbourne, Ph.D. 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 186.
Boston: The Poet Lore Co. $1.50.
changed conditions and the tastes of present-day read-
ers. Illustrations are to be used when called for by the
character of articles - but not, we trust, to the extent
of making it a “ picture magazine "; and fiction, while
not a leading feature, will not be disdained. “A maga-
zine of general interest, but of a decidedly literary
character” is the cheering definition of the aim of its
publishers who are, of course, the Messrs. G. P.
Putnam's Sons whose father conducted so worthily the
first series of this honored and distinctively American
periodical. With the new “Putnam's” will be incor-
porated “The Critic,” whose editor, Miss Jeannette L.
Gilder, will retain her “ Lounger department in the
new magazine. — It may be significant of the dubious
fortunes of San Francisco, and of the growing impor-
tance of its vigorous southern rival, Los Angeles, that
the announcement of a new Pacific Coast monthly comes
from the latter city. This is to be the “Pacific Empire
Magazine," and its publication is to begin September 1.
As its title might imply, it will concern itself largely
with the industrial and commercial development of the
great and growing southwestern region of which Los
Angeles is perhaps now the most vital centre and expo-
nent. But it will include intellectual as well as mate-
rial things in its survey, and will lighten its more
serious contents by stories and poems, and by profuse
illustrations. Mr. Edmund Mitchell, for some years
past the leading editorial writer on the Los Angeles
“ Times,” and author of several works of fiction, etc.,
a man of large experience and scholarship, is to be the
editor-in-chief, assisted by Mr. John S. McGroarty, also
an experienced journalist and author of several works of
verse and fiction. We wish success to this new venture
in an interesting and enticing field; it will make, we
trust, a worthy fourth in the quartette of notable Cali-
fornia magazines, beginning with the old classic “Over-
land” of Bret Harte, and including the beautiful but
ill-fated “Californian” of Professor Holder, as well
as Mr. Lummis's “Out West” sui generis and inde-
structible.
FICTION.
A Benedick in Arcady. By Halliwell Sutcliffe. 12mo,
pp. 343. E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.50.
The Awakening of Helena Richie. By Margaret Deland.
Illus., 12mo, pp. 357. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
The King's Revoke : An Episode in the Life of Patrick Dillon.
By Margaret L. Woods. 12mo, pp. 334. E. P. Dutton & Co,
$1.50.
BOOKS OF VERSE.
The Sands of Pleasure. By Filson Young ("Guy Thorne").
With frontispiece in color, 12mo, pp. 398. Dana Estes & Co.
$1.50.
Panama Patchwork Poems. By James Stanley Gilbert.
Third edition, with & new Foreword by Tracy Robinson;
with frontispiece, 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 170. New York:
Robert Grier Cooke. $1.50.
Panama Songs. By Michael Delevante. Illus., 12mo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 159. New York: Alden Brothers.
Songs of the Webutuck. By Myron B. Benton. With por.
trait, 16mo, gilt edges, pp. 69. Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; A. V.
Haight Co. $1.10.
POETRY
Radia ; or, New Light on Old Truths. By Alec C. More. 12mo,
pp. 188. London: Elliot Stock.
A Modern Alchemist, and Other Poems. By Lee Wilson
Dodd. 12mo, uncut, pp. 135. R.G. Badger & Co. $1.50.
The Electric Spirit, and Other Poems. By Marion Couthony
Smith. 12mo, uncut, pp. 93. R. G. Badger & Co. $1.
The Silver Trail : Poems, By Evelyn Gunn. Illug., 12mo,
gilt top, pp. 110. R. G. Badger & Co. $1.25.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing, 42 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION.
Picturesque Brittany. By Mrs. Arthur G. Bell. Illus. in
color, large 8vo, uncut, gilt top, pp. 232. E. P. Dutton & Co.
$3.50 net.
Trinity College, Cambridge. By W. W. Rouse Ball. Illus.,
16mo, gilt top, pp. 107. "College Monographs." E. P.
Dutton & Co. 75 cts.
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
Walter Reed and Yellow Fever By Howard A. Kelly.
Illus., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 293. McClure, Phillips & Co. $1.50 net.
The Life of John William Walshe, F.S.A. Edited, with
Introduction, by Montgomery Carmichael. With photogra
vure frontispiece, 12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 266. E. P. Dutton
& Co. $1.50 net.
HISTORY.
The Philippine Islands : A Political, Geographical, Ethno-
graphical, Social and Commercial History of the Philippine
Archipelago; Embracing the Whole Period of Spanish Rule,
with an Account of the Succeeding American Insular Govern-
ment. By John Foreman, F.R.G.S. Third edition, revised
and enlarged ; illus. in photogravure, etc., large 8vo, uncut,
pp. 668. Charles Scribner's Sons.
Slavery and Abolition. By Albert Bushnell Hart, Ph.D.
With maps, 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 360. Vol. 16 in “The
American Nation." Harper & Brothers. $2. net.
The Political History of England. Vol. XI., From Adding-
ton's Administration to the Close of William IV.'s Reign
(1801-1837), by George C. Brodrick, D.C.L.; completed and
revised by J. K. Fotheringham, M.A. Large 8vo, pp. 486.
Longmans, Green, & Co. $2.60 net.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
Whistler and Others. By Frederick Wedmore. With pho-
togravure frontispiece, 8vo: gilt top, pp. 222. Charles Scribe
Der's Sons. $1.50 net.
POLITICS AND SOCIOLOGY.
The Consular Service of the United States : Its History
and Activities. By Chester Lloyd Jones. Publication of the
University of Pennsylvania, “Political Economy and Public
Law" Series. Large 8vo, pp. 126. John C. Winston Co.
Studies in Constitutional History. By James O. Pierce.
8vo, pp. 325. Minneapolis: H. W. Wilson Co.
The German Workman: A Study in National Efficiency.
By William Harbutt Dawson. 12mo, pp. 301. Charles Scrib-
ner's Sons. $1.50 net.
Making Men and Women: A Hand-Book for Junior Work-
ers. By Emma A. Robinson; with Introduction by Edwin
M. Randall, D.D. 12mo, pp. 213. Jennings & Graham. 75 cts.
BOOKS FOR SCHOOL AND COLLEGE.
Jocelyn. By A. de Lamartine; edited by Emile Legouis. With
portrait, 16mo, pp. 243. Oxford Higher French Series."
Oxford University Press.
Victor Hugo's Hernant. Edited by James D. Bruner, Ph.D.
12mo, pp. 264. American Book 0o. 70 cts.
Schiller's Wilhelm Tell. Edited by Edwin Carl Roedder,
Ph.D. Illus., 12mo, pp. 352. American Book Co. 70 cts.


1906.]
75
THE DIAL

FOR ANY BOOK ON EARTH write to H. H. TIMBY,
Book Hunter. Catalogues free. 1st Nat. Bank Bldg., Conneaut, 0.
Trois Grotesques. By Théophile Gautier; edited by H. J.
Chaytor, M.A. With portrait, 16mo, pp. 125. "Oxford Higher
French Series.” Oxford University Press.
The Principles of Wealth and Welfare : Economics for
High Schools. By Charles Lee Raper, Ph.D. 12mo, pp. 336.
The Macmillan Co. $1.10.
The Golden Fleece. More Old Greek Stories. By James
Baldwin. Illus., 12mo, pp. 288. “Eclectic Readings." Amer.
ican Book Co. 50 cts.
MISCELLANEOUS.
How Ferns Grow. By Margaret Slosson. Illus., large 8vo,
pp. 156. Henry Holt & Co. $3. net.
The Economy of Happiness. By James Mackaye. 8vo, gilt
top. pp. 533. Little, Brown, & Co. $2.50 net.
The Meaning of Good : A Dialogue. By G. Lowes Dickinson.
12mo, pp. 224. McClure, Phillips & Co.
The Training of Boys' Voices. By Claude Ellsworth Johnson.
8vo, pp. 60. Boston: Oliver Ditson Co. 75 cts.
Foibles of the Bench. By Henry S. Wilcox. 12mo, gilt top,
pp. 144. Chicago : Legal Literature Co.
The Tragedie of Chabot Admirall of France. By George
Chapman and James Shirley. Reprinted from the Quarto of
1639; edited, with Introduction and Notes, by Ezra Lehman.
"Philology and Literature” Series. Large 8vo, pp. 124.
John C. Winston Co.
The Call of the Home Land: A Study in Home Missions.
By A. L. Phillips, D.D. Illus., 12mo, pp. 173. Richmond, V&.:
Presbyterian Committee of Publication. Paper, 35 cts.
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76
[August 1, 1906.
THE DIAL
A Universal Exchange of all Varieties of Earnest Religious Thought.
JULY ISSUE NOW READY
THE HIBBERT JOURNAL
Each issue 240 pages, 75 cents, post free.
Yearly subscription, $2.50, post free.
CHIEF CONTENTS
FIRST PRINCIPLES OF FAITH. By Bir OLIVER LODGE.
DENOMINATIONALISM, UNDBNOMINATIONALISM, AND
THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND. By Canon KNOX LITTLE.
A LAYMAN'S PLAIN PLBA FOR THE SEPARATION OF
THE CREEDS FROM WORSHIP. By H. A. GARNETT,
THE TEACHING OF THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION IN PUBLIC
SCHOOLS. By the HEADMASTER OF BRADFIELD COLLEGE.
THE WORKING FAITH OF THE SOCIAL REFORMER. IV -
THE COMING OF 'SOCIALISM. By Professor HENRY JONES.
THE GREAT FALLACY OF IDEALISM. By D. H. MACGREGOR.
JAPANESE CHARACTER AND ITS PROBABLE INFLUENCE
OUTSIDE JAPAN. By Professor ROBERT H. SMITH.
A RALLYING GROUND FOR THE FREE CHURCHBS.
By the Rev. P. T. FORSYTH, D.D.
WHY NOT FACE THB FACTS? AN APPEAL TO PRO-
TESTANTS.
By the Rev. K. C. ANDERSON, D.D.
SIGNS AND WONDERS IN DIVINE GUIDANCE.
By Miss C. E. STEPHEN.
THE SUFFERING OF THE SAINTS. By Miss EDITH GITTINS.
GOSPEL TYPES IN PRIMITIVE TRADITION.
By the Rev. BENJAMIN W. BACON, D.D.
With a number of signed reviews, and bibliography of recent literature.
Subscriptions are booked and single numbers sold by
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List
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PROFESSOR ROBERTS'S OTHER BOOKS, IN ORDER OF PUBLICATION, ARE:
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The Forge in the Forest
A Sister to Evangeline
The Heart of the Ancient Wood
The Kindred of the Wild .
Barbara Ladd
The Watchers of the Trails
The Prisoner of Mademoiselle
Cameron of Lochiel
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78
[August 16,
THE DIAL
The Johns Hopkins University
BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.
JUST PUBLISHED !
The Problem of
Spelling Reform
By the Rev. Professor W. W. SKEAT
Being a lecture delivered before the British Acad-
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1906.]
79
THE DIAL
Buck and Morris's Narrative Writing
By GERTRUDE BUCK, Professor in Vassar College, and ELIZABETH WOODBRIDGE MORRIS. 200 pp.
12mo. 80 cents.
Uniform in style and method of treatment with Buck's ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING and Buck and Woodbridge's
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Bronson's English Essays
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Andrews's Specimens of Discourse
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80
[August 16, 1906.
THE DIAL
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THE DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Enformation.
ENTERED AT THE CHICAGO POSTOFFICE AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER
BY THE DIAL COMPANY, PUBLISHERS.
PAGR
•
.
THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th treatment, so great a good in letters that it
of each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2. a vear in advance,
postage prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico;
should be jealously guarded and boldly exercised
in other countries comprised in the Postal Union, 60 cents a by those who make the pursuit of letters the
year for extra postage must be added. REMITTANCES should
be by check, or by express or postal order, pavable to THE
work of their life? These are the questions
DIAL COMPANY. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions raised once more by Professor A. Schinz, in an
will begin with the current number. When no direct request
to discontinue at expiration of subscription is received, it is essay on “Literature and the Moral Code,"
assumed that a continuance of the subscription is desired.
ADVERTISING RATES furnished on application. All communi.
which appears in the July issue of “ The Inter-
cations should be addressed to
national Journal of Ethics.” His purpose is to
THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago. show that the two views here suggested “ are not
reducible to the same terms, to show why they
are bound to clash and why there can be no
No. 484. AUGUST 16, 1906. Vol. XLI. reconciliation.” The question is essentially that
of the conflict between “ art for art's sake" and
CONTENTS.
art considered as “ a means to an end.” Broadly
speaking, the former ideal is upheld by writers
THE TWO LITERARY PATHS.
81
of the Latin race, while the latter is exemplified
A DISCIPLE AND FOLLOWER OF LAMB. in English practice.
Percy F. Bicknell
83
The problem is mainly a recent one, the pro-
THE WRITINGS OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN duct of democracy; for as our essayist hastens
Charles H. Cooper
84
to indicate, the freedom of literary expression
A CRITICAL ACCOUNT OF AMERICAN PAINT was not seriously challenged in behalf of society
ING. Charles Henry Hart
86
at large as long as education was the privilege
THE OLDEST TEXT-BOOK OF MORAL PHI of the few and literature could not hope to be-
LOSOPHY. Paul Shorey
88
come popular in the modern sense. True its
SOME MODERN IDEAS IN EDUCATION. Edward freedom was often challenged in the interests of
0. Sisson
dogma, and authority resorted to energetic meas-
Rowe's Physical Nature of the Child. — O'Shea's
Dynamic Factors in Education. --Seeley's Elemen-
ures for the suppression of ideas that threatened
tary Pedagogy. - Thorndike's The Principles of
to be subversive of the established order. But
Teaching based upon Psychology.
such tyranny was very different from that sought
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
91
to be exercised in our own democratic age by a
Chapters on 19th century novelists. — A genial public opinion which, at the best, must be nar-
work in English history. - An unhappy English
row in its outlook, and, representing only the
artist. — The worship of the vanities in Paris. -
The advantages of popular election of U. S. Sen average thought of multitudes of commonplace
ators. - The moral overstrain in business life. minds, is little likely to be either liberal or truly
Moral clinics in the politios of six States. — Life-
stories of undistinguished adopted citizens.
enlightened. According to some writers, undue
deference to this opinion is a serious menace to
NOTES
94
the interests of intellectual freedom, and the
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
95 permanent interests of civilization forbid that
it should be accorded. In the view of others,
such deference is no more than a reasonable
THE TWO LITERARY PATHS.
concession to conservatism, for unqualified truth
Does the practice of literary art bestow upon would prove a dangerous prescription for demo-
the practitioner a franchise which in some meas cracy in its present vulgarized and transitional
ure exempts him from upholding the conven stage of development.
tional ethical standards? Is the writer bound In his discussion of this problem, Professor
by artistic considerations alone, or should he Schinz points out that it has been solved in
regard also the social implications of his activity? essentially different ways by Latin and by En-
Is freedom, as to both choice of subject and glish practice. Taking France and America
.


82
[August 16,
THE DIAL
for his typical cases (and what is said of these the most part been forced to do their work, we
two countries is fairly applicable to other com cannot help feeling that the French have chosen
munities of the same racial character) he says the better path, despite the licentious excesses
that “in America there is held to be only one that have marked its pursuit. For by means of
general public, while in France this unity does liberty alone, even although attended by license,
not exist; there is more than one public.” That is ethical advancement possible ; and who will
is, the intellectual élite which created the French contend that the English-speaking world has
literature of the period preceding the Revolution yet reached anything like finality in its ethical
has conserved its tradition ever since, refusing standards ? Neither art nor morals could boast.
to temporize with the democratic demand for of robust health in a community which could
popular literature. To realize the truth of this bring forth such an abortion as Buchanan's
proposition, one has only to note how the line of despicable attack upon Rossetti, or in a com-
succession is continued from Voltaire and Did-munity which found it necessary to speak with
erot and Beaumarchais, over to our own time bated breath of Hawthorne's supreme master-
through such men as Chénier, Beyle, Mérimée, piece and look askance at its success.
Flaubert, and Leconte de Lisle. Similarly, one The process of recovery from this condition
might note the Italian series which includes of artistic atrophy has now been well under way
Alfieri, Manzoni, Carducci, and even d'Annun- for a number of years, and it is safe to predict,
zio. On the other hand, in England the sur that the reign of taboo will not be reëstablished
render to democracy was fairly complete by the either in England or America. It is asking too
middle of the nineteenth century, a surrender much of literature to demand that it seek no
which the solitary isolation of Landor strongly entrance into large and important areas of the
emphasizes, while America never had an aristo- ethical province, that it leave untouched whole
cratic literary tradition for democracy to attack. groups of problems which intimately concern
social welfare. There is no aspect of life or
The consequences of this fundamental differ- thought that is privileged to evade exposition
ence have been far-reaching. During almost and analysis, even although this artistic freedom
the whole Victorian age of English literature, of choice prove harmful to the moral equilibrium
writers in general submitted to the censorship of some weak and unstable souls. Nor may we
of the uneducated public, choosing only such hope to see restored that artificial distinction
subjects, and treating them only in such ways, between élite and populace which, as we have
as would prove acceptable to the masses. Who seen, still to a certain extent persists in other
ever failed to take this course paid the penalty countries. Even in those countries it is fast.
of neglect or of deliberate ostracism. English ceasing to exist, as the
English ceasing to exist, as the surge of democracy over.
“cant” thus became a byword in the less tram whelms them. Art will assert its prerogative,
melled literary circles of continental Europe, despite the fact that its freedom may prove mis-
and particularly among the French and Italians. chievous to certain of the uninformed. And for
This position our essayist exposes in a striking a time a large section of the public will indis-
passage :
criminately assign good art and bad art to the
“The Anglo-Saxons, in trying to keep from the same category, having reference only to its choice-
masses ideas which are not generally understood, admit of subject, and not at all to its truth of concep-
the existence of a sphere of thought above the compre tion and nobility of expression. This is the
hension of the general public. They thereby concede
the value of an independent élite. It is remarkable that penalty that must be paid for the régime of
they pay special attention to the higher literature in suppression. A great pother is being raised even
France, and write about its papers and periodicals. But now about certain daring writers who have freed
an unexpected result is that in this way the literature themselves from the old conventional bonds ;
for the élite in France is brought before the general but the sole basis of the outcry is that single
public in America — for which it was not intended and
is not suitable. Hence the severe judgments, from a
fact, whereas its proper basis should be their
moral point of view, which are passed upon products of
shallow insincerity and the obvious fact that their
French literature. Such criticism would be right only chief stock in trade is a sort of tricky audacity.
if these works had been meant for the general public.” Condemnation on these grounds would be legiti-
When we think of all the restrictions that the mate; condemnation upon the score of their
nineteenth century has imposed upon English subject matter is not. But the public, every
and American literature in the name of morality, section of which claims that the whole of litera-
when we take into account the stifling atmos ture belongs to it, will be long in learning to
phere in which our poets and novelists have for distinguish and rightly to appraise.


1906.]
83
THE DIAL
The New Books.
firm of purpose, reverent, and lovable.” Let us
view him in his bodily presentment as he is
pictured for us, at the age of thirty, by his biog-
A DISCIPLE AND FOLLOWER OF LAMB.* rapher, Miss Edith Sichel:
Elusive and elf-like, often fantastical and “ Pale of face, pale of hair, with eyes of a piercing
whimsical, but always of a gentle and ethereal blue, varying in intensity according to his mood, now
cool and light, now very dark and glowing, his under-
beauty and a radiance of his own, the late Alfred
lip protruding, as if to shoot forth some whimsy, his
Ainger presented many points of similarity with fine, nervous hands often used in an expressive gesture,
his chosen favorite in literature, Charles Lamb. his form, frail yet elastic, slightly stooping as it moved
A quiet drollery, a way of flashing the oddest forward with a distinctive striding step -- it is thus that
and most unexpected conceits, an unconquerable
he rises before us, a figure suggestive of the stage in its
good old days, of one of the actors whom Lamb remem-
addiction to puns, a turn for neat humorous bered, full of character and of erratic grace. His
verse, a love of play-acting and play-actors, a per appearance was indicative of his character. The first
ennial youthfulness of temperament, restricted word suggested by both was personality - that force
literary likings, but the most exquisite taste
which can only be felt, not defined. When he came
within these limits, -such are some of the com-
into a room, the room knew it and was changed. When
he left us,' said a friend, ' we always felt as if we had
mon characteristics of the two men. Like Lamb, been at a wedding; we did not know what to do for the
Ainger remained unmarried; like him, he un rest of the day. It was part of his charm that he con-
complainingly assumed family cares and burdens trived to unite so many paradoxes. Mercurial and
formal, fantastic and imbued with sharp common sense,
that another might have shrunk from; like him,
he loved his friends — and they were many-
he was a strange mixture of Ariel and of an eighteenth-
century divine. Charitable he was more than most men,
whole-heartedly and to the end. With Horace, and almost as prejudiced as he was charitable; full of
whom one so appreciative of light and
graceful
deep Christian humility, yet with such an eye for folly
verse must have admired, he could well have that his tongue often dealt in mordant satire. A lover
of the obvious, but so fastidious that he sometimes
said,
seemed capricious or unjust; dependent on good com-
“Nil ego contulerim jucundo sanus amico.”
pany, but also a creature of moods, of formidable silences
But points of difference between Ainger and which none could break, till some chance word that took
Lamb were not wanting. Lamb was no church-
his fancy changed the weather, and the sun burst forth
man. He lived his religion, but shrank from
again."
professing it. An ardent admirer of Priestley,
Hazlitt, whom Miss Sichel quotes, once wrote
he was Socinian in his theology, so far as he was
of Lamb: “I will, however, admit that the said
anything. Ainger, on the other hand, though
Elia is the worst company in the world in bad
the son of a Unitarian, was strictly trinitarian
company, if it be granted me that in good com-
in belief, and, however far from seeking the pany he is nearly the best that can be. He is
“fat slumbers” of the church, was loyally true
one of those of whom it
may
be said :
to the establishment whence came his bread and
your company and I'll tell you your manners.
butter. Latitudinarianism repelled him, and
He is the creature of sympathy, and makes good
with dissenters he was wholly out of sympathy.
whatever opinion you seem to entertain of him."
“A clergyman,” he early wrote in his private These words are cited as “ the best epitome of
notebook, “ is, at the best, a man in blinkers.
Alfred Ainger's social qualities.”
To supple-
He must not receive any lateral impressions.” As
ment all this, and to show the “ little canon in
became his cloth, too, he was, with all his Ariel-
light and sportive vein, let us quote from two of
like incorporeality, of staid and decorous mien
his letters to intimate friends. The first extract
-excepting always those occasions of con-
is from a note to Du Maurier, the second from
viviality among intimates that warranted the one to a lifelong friend, Mr. Horace Smith.
indulgence in harmless mirth and frivolity.
“Can you recommend any books ? . . . I have just
reviewed for the Guardian the English translation of
Carlyle would never have seen in him the “piti-
Jusserand's English Novel before Shakespeare. What
ful, ricketty, gasping, staggering, stammering an excellent and readable book it is. I used to say of
Tomfool” that he fancied he saw in Lamb. “In another French critic -
spite of all his fun," we are assured, he made a “Our English critics their dull wits keep straining,
When Enter Taine! - and all is entertaining.
serious impression on his contemporaries.” “A
“But the epigram would be far truer if it could be
true man,” he is pronounced by one of them,
adapted to Jusserand. For a taste
“who might in any circumstanoes be relied on
A Frenchman straying into English fields
Of letters, seldom has a locus standi.
to do what was right, nor count the cost
But if there's one to whom objection yields,
*THE LIFE AND LETTERS OF ALFRED AINGER.
'Tis Jusserand — he has the 'jus errandi.'
By Edith
Sichel. With portraits. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co.
“ Send this to him with my best respects.”
Tell me
a man


84
[August 16,
THE DIAL
"... Do you want any papers or books to read dur tion to a book worthy of careful reading. Miss
ing your convalescence? Let me know, and I will send
Sichel has given a vivid delineation of a winsome
you some. I have made no jokes lately, or I would send
them. Though I did make a happy quotation at Marl- personality. In evident sympathy with her sub-
borough! The Head Master told me that à neighbour ject, she writes in a way to enlist the reader's
ing gentleman, who had been touring in Switzerland, sympathy also. It was the gently feminine, not
gave a lecture on the subject to the boys, illustrated
at all the rudely masculine, that predominated
with magic lantern views. • Ah!' I said, they used to
do that in Juvenal's day, you remember
in Ainger. Taste is the feminine of genius, as
his well-loved Edward FitzGerald used to main-
.. I demens, curre per Alpes
Ut pueris placeas.'
tain ; and in Ainger we discern a delicately
“But the neatest thing I ever heard was said by a refined taste. To a woman's pen may well fall
member of my cloth, Archdeacon Burney, the other
day. . .
the pleasant task of telling the story of his life
and work.
However, not to claim too much of THE DIAL's
PERCY F. BICKNELL.
space, and to give prospective readers of the
book an added stimulus, we refrain from quoting
this latter witticism a most brilliant one
THE WRITINGS OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN.*
which may be found at page 180.
Like Lamb (a final parallelism), Ainger
In these dignified and beautiful volumes we
believed in the sanity of genius." He once
have in what must be their final form the writ-
declared in a lecture on Shakespeare: “ It is ings of the great War President. The original
four volumes have been expanded to twelve ;
owing to that surefooted step of his in things
moral that he never slips, even on that most
an expansion resulting in part from the intro-
dangerous ground; that he leaves us in the end
duction of about twenty per cent of new material,
satisfied.” Ainger has long been recognized
but mainly from the use of large type, an open
as one of our best ethical critics of literature. page well margined, thick paper of the best
Beauty, and all other excellence, with him, was
quality, a hundred good illustrations, portraits,
and facsimiles, a few useful notes, and in each
dependent on moral health. Hence his
pro-
nounced dislike of Shelley. In literature, as
volume a special introduction by a writer of
in life, ethical and spiritual truth alone make a
reputation, and a poem on Lincoln. The pub-
lasting appeal to man. When the dark hour
lishers promise for the last volume a complete
comes, what else can sustain him? It was char-
bibliography and a comprehensive index. The
acteristic of Canon Ainger to discover rare ex-
arrangement of material is chronological, as in
cellence in the novelist named in the following the former edition, new writings being desig-
extract from a letter to Mr. Edmund Gosse :
nated by asterisks.
Diligent search has been made, during the
“Very many thanks for the kind thought that sent
me Mary Wilkins. I have already read two or three
eleven years since the earlier edition was pub-
of her sketches, and they have a rare feeling and truth
lished, for letters and speeches that then escaped
notably the one of the two old sisters who were the notice of the editors. A considerable amount
taken away to a charitable • home.' Perfect, it seems to of new material has been found, although, as
me, is the treatment here — and of a kind beyond Mrs.
Gaskell even.”
might be expected, there is little that is really
significant in these additions. They are inter-
Sympathetic and stimulating in his criticism
esting as showing more completely the working
of favorite authors, Ainger recognized his limi-
of Lincoln's mind or the details of his life, but
tations — limitations which he had in part fixed
they are of minor importance in forming large
of his own deliberate choice. “ In religious
judgments as to his character and ability. Yet
knowledge, as in all things, ," he once said
enough that is new is brought together in this
“ dare to be ignorant of many things, that you edition to make it necessary for every large
may have time and heart and brain for a few
library to purchase it for students of Lincoln
things.” The vagueness of philosophical ab-
and his times. And it is a beautiful memorial
straction was not attractive to him, and hence
for the Lincoln enthusiast to have for his own.
Emerson he found uncongenial. “How," he ex-
The introductions, by Messrs. Gilder, Garfield,
claimed, “ can one rise from reading Emerson's
Beecher, Watterson, and others, and the poems,
Conduct of Life without feeling, if he has a
human heart within him, that if that is the whole by men like Dunbar, Weir Mitchell, and Mark-
• THE COMPLETE WORKS OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN. Edited by
Gospel of humanity, it were our blessedest fate
his Private Secretaries, John G. Nicolay and John Hay. Gettyg.
to die and be at peace.”
burg Edition, enlarged and revised. To be completed in twelve
volumes. Volumes I.-VI. New York: Francis D. Tandy Com-
These few notes will, it is hoped, call atten-
pany.


1906.]
86
THE DIAL
ham, add to the value and interest of the work. own day. But the attempt of the South to
In short, this “Gettysburg edition " approaches seize the new Western territory for slavery
perfection in its completeness, dress, arrange- stirred his soul to its very depths ; the question
ment, and helpful apparatus. A few of the sig- became to him fundamentally a moral one, and
nificant additions are: The “ Rebecca Letters the politician was transformed into the states-
leading up to the duel with Shields; the Wor-
man and the prophet. There were disclosed
cester speech in the Taylor campaign, and an power and resources that he himself had never
important speech before the Illinois legislature suspected ; and it was almost another Lincoln
in 1837; some important letters, among the that instantly commanded the attention of the
hundreds added ; early law arguments and legal North by his complete mastery of the subject
opinions, and many letters and telegrams that and by the prophetic glow with which he in-
show Lincoln's steadily increasing grasp of the vested his discussion of it.
problems of military strategy, going far to make It is this greater Lincoln that is seen in the
good the claim of some careful critics that Lin- larger portion of these twelve volumes. The
coln was his own best general.
Peoria speech of 1854 begins in the middle of
In going over these writings, one is struck the second volume, and the Lincoln-Douglas
first of all by the sudden development of Lin Debate fills the third and fourth and a part of
coln's mind, as well as of his literary style, when the fifth. Later in the fifth volume are given the
his soul was set on fire by the Missouri Com- speeches at Columbus and Cincinnati, delivered
promise and by the bold attempt of the South on successive days in September, 1859, and the
to carry slavery into the Northern territories. Cooper Institute Address of February, 1860,
Before that time there had been but few marks with the accompanying speeches of the New
of greatness in his career or in his writings. England tour. In the sixth volume we find his
With limited education and narrow outlook, in letter of acceptance, less than a page in length; a
his early life he shared the prejudices and mass of letters connected with the campaign and
adopted the fallacies of his section and his time. the organization of the administration; the ad-
While he was a good politician in the local and dresses delivered on his journey to Washington;
state fields, and was always fair and manly in the great First Inaugural Address ; letters,
political management and controversy, he was orders, proclamations, the message to Congress
then simply a high-grade politician.
His one
of July 4, 1861, opening the fateful special
term in Congress gave him no distinction, though session of Congress, and other papers to Sep-
he was not on the floor of Congress the nonentity tember, 1861.
that so many new Congressmen are. He made It is an ever-new marvel how a man who
some good speeches, and he won attention by his grew up in the surroundings that were Lincoln's
telling political arguments, as well as by his during the first twenty years of his life, in an
humor; but there was little that showed what illiterate community with few books and no out-
greatness was really in him. At the close of his side stimulus to seek them, with no training
two-years term he was ready to sink into the except self-training and no thought of forms of
obscurity of a bureau position in Washington, expression except clearness, can yet have worked
apparently feeling no stirrings of the great out a literary style of such perfection and beauty.
genius that was latent within him; and when he There are passages here that have never been
failed to get that position he went quietly about surpassed for the perfection of the thought
his professional work for a few years, active expressed and of the expression as fitted to the
only as a political manager of the Whig party thought. The writings of Lincoln
may
well be
in Illinois.
made the object of careful study, both in college
But the great contest between freedom and and university, and by the intelligent citizen
slavery woke into being the real Lincoln. There who would drink at a pure fountain of wisdom
is a remarkable contrast between his political and patriotism. CHARLES H. COOPER.
speeches during his Congressional term and
earlier, on the one side, and the Peoria speech
“IN QUEST OF LIGHT,” by the veteran publicist and
of 1854 and those that followed it. Before
historian, Professor Goldwin Smith, is a collection of
1854, Lincoln is mainly the politician, a shrewd short papers upon the fundamental problems of religious
manager of men through his insight into their belief, originally contributed as letters to the New York
weaknesses, but high-minded and patriotic. His
“Sun.” In spite of its brevity and informality, the work
is weighty, as any product of that distinguished intellect
speeches were able and interesting, but of the
could hardly fail of being. The Macmillan Co. are the
same class as the better political speeches of our publishers.


86
[August 16,
THE DIAL
ones.
were second-rate only if Reynolds and Gains-
A CRITICAL ACCOUNT OF AMERICAN
PAINTING.*
borough be placed in a class by themselves as
alone first rate.” The italics are mine, to show
Mr. Samuel Isham’s “ History of American
the trend of Mr. Isham's independent view of
Painting.” is an interesting and invaluable
work, although it is not a history in the scien-
the American painters, an independence which
is maintained throughout, as well when treating
tific sense of the word as understood to-day. It
does not deal with facts, except in a very uncer-
of the living as of the dead.
tain way, and then not as a factor in the treat-
Of Copley, the first American painter to do
ment of the subject under consideration. Instead, highly meritorious work, before coming under
it is a most delightfully sane, scholarly, catholic,
direct European influence, Mr. Isham has due
and intelligent criticism of the work of Ameri- appreciation, and analyzes his work with thor-
can painters, and as such is entitled to the
oughness and justice. He gives a true estimate
very
first rank in the small library of true art criti-
of West, placing his art exactly where it belongs
cism. It is a matter for congratulation to find
without belittling his influence, attributing to
him that kindliness of character which made
that we have a man so completely equipped for
his task as the author of this volume shows him-
him beloved by everyone who came in contact
self to be. Mr. Isham was trained as a lawyer, Pratt as high as his work entitles him, and ap-
with him. I do not think he places Matthew
which profession he abandoned for the less
arduous if more exacting one of art, so that parently he is not familiar with Peale's earlier
while he sees and feels and understands as an
portraits, which are much better than his later
artist, he weighs his criticisms as a lawyer and
It seems almost funny to hear Stuart
generalized and damned with such faint praise
writes with the terse pen of a jurist. Indeed,
as,
“ He was the best of all the earlier artists,
we regret that the volume is even called a his-
and in fact it is only within comparatively re-
tory, on its title-page ; for were it not, we would
be relieved of the duty of saying anything but
cent times that we could boast of painters in
good of it. Limitations of space prevent our
any way his equals ”; or, “ Gilbert Stuart still
noting in detail the many serious errors in dates,
holds his place among our best painters, and
confusing misprints, and misstatements of fact,
even among his great contemporaries in En-
which the work contains, for instance, the gland.” That Mr. Isham does not mean to place
spelling of Smibert's name, and the statement
Stuart anywhere but where alone he belongs,
regarding his being the earliest painter in
at the top, “ among the few recognized masters
America; the statement about the birthplace nica” puts it, is shown when we come to his
of portraiture," as the “ Encyclopædia Britan-
of Gilbert Stuart, and that Ralph Earl was a
serious criticism of Stuart's work. He writes :
member of the Royal Academy of London, etc.
Mr. Isham, in his Introduction, says “the
“ What the artistic effect of his stay with West was,
it is difficult to determine. He absolutely failed to
fundamental and mastering fact about American
acquire any of the characteristics which might naturally
painting is that it is no way native to America, be expected. He shows no trace of West's handling,
but is European painting imported or rather he got no taste for composition. In fact, it is a mys-
transplanted to America and there cultivated tery where he gained his technique ; it bears no resem-
and developed.” How could it be otherwise, all, to West. . . . His scope was limited. While they
blance to that of Gainsborough, Reynolds, or, least of
when we ourselves are European in everything English contemporaries] covered large canvases with
from our first emigration down to the present full-length figures and groups, using every aid of com-
time! But he explains that “ At first such art position and costume to produce their effects, and show-
as the struggling colonies possessed came from
ing the result of this practice even in the arrangement
of their half-length portraits, Stuart painted heads, and
visiting English craftsmen, usually of the most
little beside heads. . . . The heads are all painted in a
unskilful type. Soon, however, they had disci-cool diffused light, seldom relieved by heavy shadows,
ples and rivals among the native born, of whom or dark backgrounds. There is nothing striking, nothing
some of the most promising and enterprising forced; it is only a head, a head with its ordinary light-
went to England to perfect themselves. Two
ing and expression. No artifice is used to throw it into
undue prominence. Within these limitations (and they
or three of these were men of quite unexpected are serious ones) they are unsurpassed. No one of his
ability. A recent critic has said that the best contemporaries had a surer feeling for the construction
were but second-rate English painters ; but they of a head or a surer insight into character. Where he
acquired his technique as a painter is even more mys-
• THE HISTORY OF AMERICAN PAINTING. By Samuel Isham,
Associate of the National Academy of Design, Member of the
terious. It seems to have been original with him. .
Society of American Artists. Illustrated.
He paints with an unequalled purity and freshness of
color, very delicate and sure in the half-tones, varying
New York: The
Macmillan Co.


1906.]
87
THE DIAL
his color to suit the individual, but with a pearly bright foundation. The portraits with which he began as
ness which is characteristic. The paint is put on thinly, painter are unlike any by his contemporaries. They
as a rule, in short, decided touches, without heavy im suggest some of the early Dutchmen, men like Moreelse,
pasto, mingled and mottled,' as he himself says, and in the thoroughness of their workmanship and their lack
his execution was surprisingly sure. . . . Stuart's style of display or seeking for attention. • . . Like his por-
was his own. He did not learn it from others, and traits, his landscapes were his own, and not to be mis-
though he gave advice freely and generously, he could taken for those of any other man. He was too good a
not teach it to any successor.”
craftsman to tolerate any of the slipshod work of Cole,
It is, of course, impossible to give Mr. Isham's - everything is finished clearly and definitely. His
opinions upon
canvases have a silvery gray tone, very true to what the
all the painters whose works he
eye sees on a clear summer day after the bright light
considers, and there are not many important has dulled its sensitiveness to strong color. His wood
names omitted ; but it seems a great mistake not interiors are naturally richer but his shadows are true to
to have given a full chapter at least to the minia the local color. ... The silvery tone must have come
ture painters, who are dismissed with inadequate making studies only, but painting directly on his final
from the fact that he worked largely out of doors, not
mention. Sully he commends very highly, say- pieture, a practice exceptional at the time.”
ing that he “stands to Stuart much as Lawrence
stands to Reynolds "; but Neagle and Jouett
Then, following the position he has taken, he
makes Durand's work the canon by which to
receive only scant justice, doubtless from un-
familiarity with their best works. His account
judge the works of his followers and successors.
of the rise of New York to its place as the
If space were unlimited, it would be delightful
to give many extracts from this charming book ;
" metropolis of the western world," and of its
to see Inness, Wyant, and Homer Martin, as Mr.
becoming the centre of development in Amer-
ican art, is impartial and just, ascribing this, interesting trio are, however, all that I can give.
Isham sees them. His conclusions (p. 265) on this
very properly, to “purely commercial reasons.
It is, however, with Chapter XII., on “ Begin- culminates. If we insist on unprofitable comparisons
“With these three men the early American school
nings of Landscape Painting," that Mr. Isham
and claim for any of our art an equality with what was
shows the real quality of his mind and his rare best in Europe - a real equality, not one hedged and
ability as an art critic. Speaking of Doughty's
bolstered up with apologetic references to the limitations
pictures (page 213) as transcripts of the na-
of our position — it is these men that we must put for-
ward, for the long period between the death of Stuart
ture he saw, small and unassuming, with no
and the rise of the present school. The essentials of
trace of foreign models, but their luminous, greatness they seem to have had, - deep feeling which
milky skies and violet distances have a peculiar took a pictorial form, ample knowledge, complete mas-
personal charm,” he says : “ The real founders
tery of their material, and for each a style, personal and
of the school (for Doughty was but a precursor) which fetters us all. The unprofitableness of com-
distinguished, which burst through that com
mmonplace
were Durand and Cole.” Further on (p. 225), parison has been admitted, yet appreciation of the stand-
he writes: “ Durand's position is that of founder point from which they should be regarded and of the
of the landscape school. Joined with him is
Joined with him is grounds on which supremacy is claimed for them is best
Cole, who, although a younger man, preceded gained if they are regarded in connection with the trio
of great Frenchmen, Corot, Rousseau and Daubigny.
him in landscape work, for Durand was still an
Thus it is possible in a way to get their bearings, to
engraver when Cole came to New York; and put them in proper perspective with the great world.”
even when, ten years later, Durand turned to
Nothing in the volume shows Mr. Isham's
painting, he did not devote himself to landscape deep artistic sense better than the pages he do-
until a few
years before Cole's death, and then votes to Vedder's illustrations of the Rubaiyàt;
in a style and with a feeling not at all resem his words give a deep insight into the man ; they
bling that of his friend.” This putting of
may, indeed, be called his art-autobiography.
Durand in his true position ahead of Cole, re-
But perhaps his finest chapter is that devoted
versing the order that has been followed gener to Whistler and La Farge, so incisive and broad
ally, is a very important stand, and emphasizes is it in its differentiations and appreciations.
again Mr. Isham's independence and discrim- To mural painting, which was practically un-
ination. Fashion in art has no power with him. known to our earlier artists, and is at present,
This is pointedly shown by his further treat as Mr. Isham says, “the most interesting and
ment of Durand, who is not now “the fashion”
the most promising branch of our art,” is de-
with some of the would-be art critics. He writes
voted the closing chapter of this remarkable
(p. 229):
treatise. In commending it, I do not mean to
“ Sincerity is not the greatest of the artistic virtues,
agree with all of Mr. Isham's con-
but no great work is without it, and it goes far to
redeem what otherwise would be mediocre. It under- clusions, for I do not. When he says that
lies all of Durand's work, as it did Copley's, as a firm
Boston was the centre of the intellectual life
say that I


88
[August 16,
THE DIAL
22
of the colonies, he evidently has not been a treatment of any great ethical topic such as
close student of the intellectual life of the justice, friendship, pleasure, or happiness. He
middle colonies, as Philadelphia was, until discusses the facts; they are preoccupied with
the first decade of the last century, the virtual the relation of the facts to - Calvinism, it may
head of the entire country, intellectually and be, or the behavior of the Amcba.
politically. Or when he says that the fine Gibbs The complete intelligence of Aristotle's work
Channing portrait of Washington is the best of is reserved for those who have the patience to
those Stuart painted showing the right side of trace its dependence line by line upon the dia-
the face, it is clear that he does not know the logues of Plato. But that is a counsel of
per-
superb original from life, now in Providence, fection. And meanwhile the book will continue
R. I., which is the finest portrait painted by to be expounded by men of Aristotelian rather
Stuart, irrespective of subject, I have ever seen. than Platonic spirit — by those, that is, who
Or when he says Hunt“ remains to the end an prefer “common sense to genius touched with
amateur, not only in the sense of loving his art mysticism and aiming at edification as well as
but also in lacking the sure professional mas analysis ; by those who cherish the illusion of
tery"; or, at the close of his chapter devoted to systematic method or formal completeness, and
Sargent and the American painters in London, are repelled by Plato's apparent dramatic aban-
where Sargent's talents are claimed to "give donment of himself “whithersoever the argu-
him securely his position as the first portrait ment blows."
painter since Reynolds and Gainsborough,” an This is presumably the temper of Mr. Thomas
ascription rather premature and open to much Marshall, the latest exponent of Aristotle's
discussion. But from what has been said it “ Theory of Conduct." He seems to have
will be seen that this work le ves little to be studied Plato mainly in the spirit, if not ex-
desired in the way of healthful and sound crit- clusively in the writings, of the utilitarian and
icism of American painting, if it does leave the rationalist Grote. And his chief concern is to
history of American painting yet to be written. minimize, when he cannot wholly explain away,
CHARLES HENRY HART. the survivals of Platonic mysticism and absolu-
tism in the philosopher of his preference. He
interprets Aristotle's constant appeals to the
quod semper, quod ubique, quod ab omnibus
THE OLDEST TEXT-BOOK OF MORAL to mean that there is no standard of right con-
PHILOSOPHY.*
duct except the normal sentiment of the society
The oldest text-book of Moral Philosophy is
in which the agent happens to live. Having
still on the whole the best. Aristotle's "Ethics,"
thus attributed an ethical philosophy of pure
despite its systematic deduction of everything relativity to Aristotle, he is genuinely surprised
from principles logically coherent and inter and grieved to find him elsewhere maintaining
dependent, does not achieve perfect scientific or a theory of “natural justice," and suggests that
artistic unity. Notwithstanding its excellent
the “confusion twice confounded ” is perhaps
start, it does not leave in the reader's mind the
due to the blunders of the students who reported
impression of a complete and rounded whole. the master's lectures (pp. 300-302).
But neither do the treatises of Spencer, Sidgwick,
Mr. Marshall's interpretation is doubtless the
or Leslie Stephen. The systematic application natural expression of his temperament and phi-
of a single principle or method makes an im- losophy; but it seems to be confirmed by a whole-
pressive showing for a few introductory chap some aversion to the sentimental Hegelizing
ters. But the facts of man's ethical life are
Platonism of the English Universities, as exem-
too large to be swallowed by any formula. The plified, for instance, in the commentary on the
progress of science, the idea of Evolution, the « Ethics” of Professor Stewart, and in his
accumulations of experience, the enlargement of
recently published “Myths of Plato.” Objec-
the historical horizon, have given to our modern tive philology ought to transcend these anti-
theorists some points of view which it would be theses but it never will. All men are either
unreasonable to expect to find in the older
Platonists or Aristotelians in some sense, if
thinker. But if we could not keep both, we not in that intended by Coleridge. Acute but
should probably lose by substituting, for edu- matter-of-fact minds will continue to misappre-
cational purposes at least, their for his concrete hend Plato's real meanings, because of their
aversion to the “ Plotinists"; and sentimental
• ARISTOTLE'S THEORY OF CONDUCT. By Thomas Marshall,
MÀ. London: T. Fisher Unwin.
Platonists will continue to view both Plato and


1906.]
89
THE DIAL
appeal.
Aristotle through a mystical haze of allegory in of the contents of the book, we note the matter of
which neither can be distinguished from the deafness. Investigation shows that at least one
other or from Dante or Hegel !
child out of four has defective hearing, usually with-
Apart from this general criticism, there are
out knowing it himself, and almost always without
few exceptions to be taken to Mr. Marshall's
its being detected by either parents or teachers ;
book. Translations of the “ Ethics” and phi-pearance, and later the actual existence of dulness,
this sensory defect is enough to cause first the ap-
lological commentaries exist by the score. He
while in nine-tenths of the cases the whole evil
has undertaken to present it in a “readable might be averted by seating the child in a more
shape," by means of a free but accurate para- favorable place, or by obtaining slight medical or
phrase accompanied by prefatory introductions surgical aid. Matter of no less vital importance is
and expository résumés for each important chap- contained in nearly every chapter, and particularly
ter and division of the work. There is perhaps in those upon Sight, Nervousness, Fatigue, Disease,
some illusion in the expectation that the general
and Growth and Adolescence; this last chapter is to
reader will find these 578 large pages more
be recommended especially to parents.
readable than the 350 small
We are surprised to find only slight mention of
of Welldon's
pages
translation. But Mr. Marshall is justified in impressions made by the facts presented is a con-
the school physician (p. 161). One of the strongest
the claim that he will find them more intelligi-viction of the need of such an officer; the plan has
ble if he really wishes to understand Aristotle's
been tested by thorough experience in Europe, par-
meaning. The quotation in the foot-notes of ticularly in Germany, and our situation and problems
the original Greek for all crucial texts and sig- in this respect are not widely different. The full
nificant phrases need not interfere with the benefit of modern knowledge concerning the relation
pleasure of such a reader, and adds immensely of physical welfare to mental development can be
to the value of the book for the student - to
realized only when teachers and parents are equipped
whom, after all, it must make its chief
with the intelligence available in such a book as this
of Mr. Rowe's, and when in addition the best pro-
PAUL SHOREY.
fessional knowledge and skill are directed immedi-
ately to the problems of the school through some
such agency as the school physician.
SOME MODERN IDEAS IN EDUCATION.* The style of the work is clear and straightforward.
Wise advocates of the claims of the physical in
There is a good index, and an excellent list of lit-
education do not fall into the error of making the
erature for further study of the subject. We heartily
body all-important, but rather show that body and
agree with Superintendent Maxwell's praise, cited
soul are so intimately linked that an education for
in the preface to the second edition, and wish that
spiritual ends must begin with the body, and never
every teacher and parent might read the book.
at any time ignore its interest. Such an advocate
Professor O'Shea's new book, “ Dynamic Factors
of the sound body is Mr. Stuart H. Rowe, whose
" Physical Nature of the Child” is just appearing physical nature of the child, in two aspects, those of
in Education,” is also really a treatise upon the
in its second and revised edition. The writer evi-
dently draws upon a wide experience of the most
motor activity and fatigue, which form the topics
enlightened investigation of the bodily welfare of
of the two parts. The author's aim, as stated in the
school-children ; he recognizes that no one vice or
preface, is to show “ that in the early years at least,
defect is the cause of physical evils in schools, -
motor expression is essential to all learning"; and
for example, the favorite scapegoat of "over-study”
to discuss the nature and causes of fatigue, and its
effects
upon
is reduced to its proper place in the ranks along
mind and body (p. vi.). He adds that
with “ lack of proper food, outdoor air or sleep, charged with the immediate care and culture of the
he has kept especially in mind “those who are
baths, irregularity of habits, unhygienic conditions
of home, school, or person,” and half a dozen other
young, and has aimed to avoid technicalities and all
fruitful causes of exhaustion and breakdown in purely theoretical discussion.” Now it is not given
school children (p. 71). There is no wholesale con-
to many men who are occupied with advanced work,
demnation of existing conditions, but many practical
to be able to write successfully for the comparatively
recommendations as to how we may progress from
uninitiated; moreover, as Professor O'Shea himself
where we are to where we ought to be.
more than once points out, much of the matter under
As one example of the great practical importance
discussion is still in an unsettled condition, and
therefore unfit for popular presentation. The result
• THE PHYSICAL NATURE OF THE CHILD. By Stuart H. is that the book seems poorly suited for the use either
Rowe, Ph.D. New York: The Macmillan Co.
of the practical teacher, for whom it is announced,
DYNAMIC FACTORS IN EDUCATION. By M. V. O'Shea. New
York: The Macmillan Co.
or the professional student. In spite of the author's
ELEMENTARY PEDAGOGY. By Levi Seeley, New York: Hinds,
resolution to the contrary, it is burdened with meth-
Noble & Eldredge.
THE PRINCIPLES OF TEACHING BASED UPON PSYCHOLOGY.
ods of investigation, where results alone should be
By Edward Thorndike. New York: A. G. Seiler.
given. This is particularly true of Chapters XII.
..


90
(August 16,
THE DIAL
ness.
and XIII.; a conspicuous example is the insertion avowedly written — those who are not advanced in
of a half-page cut of a “tone-tester,” which is educational thought, but are attacking pedagogy for
barely mentioned in the text and contributes nothing the first time. Dr. Seeley's ideas are always sane
to the intelligibility of the discussion. Again, the and practical, and no one need hesitate to follow
terminology and style are in many cases far too him, always of course with intelligent choice and
technical for the average teacher; this is most marked adaptation. The time is probably past, however,
in Chapter VI., where the comparatively simple fact when the whole field of “pedagogy
can be dealt
that all voluntary action grows out of random motor with even in the most elementary manner in a single
impulses is rendered difficult by technical phrase- volume of three or four hundred pages; the attempt
ology and incompletely interpreted data. The habit results inevitably in superficial treatment, omission
of technical scholarship is strong upon the author, of essentials, and lack of unity and coherence. The
leading to the frequent inclusion of references and successive chapters are not bound to each other by
allusions quite unsuited to the express aim of the any manifest scientific order and progress ; in some
book ; such are the constant citation of original in cases the sequence seems fortuitous — particularly
vestigators whose names must be entirely without in the case of “ Elective studies," which comes be-
interest or value to the average teacher. The larger tween “Who can be educated” and “The gaining
number of the references in Chapter XII. are of of knowledge.” Some subjects are dealt with in
this nature.
widely separated chapters : actual method in teach-
While the book is thus of limited value for popu ing, for example, is treated more or less directly in
lar use, it cannot be expected, in view of the author's Chapters VII., VIII., XIV., and XVI. Some of
declared purpose, to be a work for scholars. The the chapter headings do not seem to fit the content
summaries of data make no pretension to complete of the chapter: under “The Process of Education"
example, the discussion of the eye in Chapter XIV., "Educational Limitations," after the limitations of
and of the nerve-cell in Chapter XII. As we un- original ignorance and of dulness, we have such
derstand the author's position, moreover, there is no topics as “Self-employment,” “Self-control,” “ Ad-
intention of propounding anything new either in vantages of superior education," — none of which
methods or results. The work is not free from seems to be “educational limitations." We empha-
questionable statements. We are told that “ One size these points because one of the important qual-
knows what a thing is after he has reacted upon it, ities of a book for the young student of education
is clear logical unity and order.
us second-hand or inferential knowledge, to reinstate The author seems to have gone beyond the legiti-
former experience” (p. 32). As a matter of fact, mate bounds of quotation. The whole book abounds
eye-and-ear knowledge are no more second-hand and in quoted passages, the most extreme case being
no less “ dynamic” than other knowledge; the eye. Chapter III., where out of a total of less than thir-
moves in perception with a swiftness, complexity, teen pages we find four of direct and three of in-
and ceaseless activity which no other sensory appa-
direct quotation. It is beyond the power of any
ratus can equal. Again, it is said that “the æsthetic writer to unify a discussion consisting so largely of
characteristics of things always demand relatively the ideas and words of others.
great coordination and attention to minute details” We cannot help feeling that Dr. Seeley's argu-
(p. 72). Is it not true, rather, that the æsthetic ment for the existence of a science of education
quality is found only in a contemplation which loses really proves at most that there is scientific study
the details in a single unified view? On page 79, of education, - a proposition which few would deny.
after pointing out, most commendably, certain limi The question whether education or pedagogy occu-
tations upon the value of manual activities, the pies a domain and deals with a subject sufficiently
author says: "A boy who is to be a carpenter should unified and coherent to form the matter of a science
continue in all stages of his educational course to is not touched in the argument; and this is the real
make manual training of this sort his most important question as to a science of education.
occupation.” We cannot too strongly dissent from
this, as implying a false view of the end of educa Professor Thorndike is peculiarly fitted to write
tion ; surely the boy who is to be a carpenter needs upon the subject of his recent book, “The Principles
preëminently an intellectual and spiritual culture in of Teaching.” With an unusually broad knowledge
his school-days which will save him from the greatest of child-psychology, he combines a large and sane
disaster that can befall him, namely, being a car conception of education as a process leading from
penter and nothing more,
neither citizen nor man, nature up to culture and social character. “Educa-
nor intelligent parent, nor in any sense a full human tion,” he says (p. 21), “should at times stimulate
being
and favor inborn tendencies, at times inhibit them,
and, most frequently of all, direct and guide them.”
Dr. Seeley's little book entitled “ Elementary On a later page (p. 39) the author again sets forth
Pedagogy” contains much valuable information and the just conception of the place of inborn tendency
advice for young students of teaching, and will no and activity : "Nothing really counts except as it in-
doubt be of use to many of those for whom it is fluences the pupil's own responses. That the teacher


1906.]
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THE DIAL
must educate pupils by means of their own activities should like to offer, it seems invidious to include
does not, however, mean that what a pupil does of his adverse criticism, especially as we do not believe the
own accord is right." And again we find a gentle book has any really dangerous faults. However, we
correction of what some have heralded as the true may mention one or two points in which it seems to
“new education”: “The child who sits quietly ab us to be susceptible of improvement. First, it seems
sorbed in solving a problem is more active and more to leave something to be desired in manifest logical
truly active than his neighbor who is jumping up progress and unity; it is not made clear just why
and down with glee at getting the answer" (p. 40). certain topics are treated, or why they follow in
The book is just what it calls itself, and not an the given order; we believe the right subjects have
attempt to treat the principles of education; the been chosen, and presented in the right order, but
author recognizes the separate functions of the it would be helpful to the young student to have
educational statesman, as we should call him, whose more light upon the reasons for the choice and
work is to plan curricula and school systems, and arrangement.
the teacher, whose work is to execute intelligently The treatment of Correlation (pp. 127f.) seems
and faithfully the plans thus made. Nevertheless, to us to stick fast in the prevalent false view that
Professor Thorndike continues, rightly, “It is not studies are to be hooked on to each other by some
wise, however, to study the How of teaching with scheme or set of artful devices; when the truth is,
out any reference to the What or the Why” (p. 2). rather, that all studies should grow out of a common
The book is built in accordance with these ideas, in root, and so need no artificial bonds. Practice is,
cluding first a very brief outline of accepted ideals however, so hopelessly in arrears at this point that
as to the end of education, then a fuller treatment theory may well fall into despairing silence.
of the basis of education in natural tendencies and On the whole we do not know any single book
impulses of all kinds, and of the methods of cultivat more to be recommended for giving young teachers
ing and guiding these potentialities toward the a scientific conception of their work. All teachers
desired end.
and students of education may well rejoice in its
The most striking qualities of the work are rich publication, as adding to the dignity and scholarly
ness of content and balance and sanity of treatment. rank of the teaching profession.
The author is at once psychologist versed in the
EDWARD O. SISSON.
processes and achievements of advanced investiga-
tion, and educator familiar with schools, teachers,
and pupils, as they actually exist. To richness and
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
balance we may add concreteness and clearness.
The style is everywhere plain and direct, - a vital
Professor Walter Frewen Lord's
Chapters on
necessity in any work which is to have a wide use 19th century
“Mirror of a Century" (John Lane
fulness. The treatment of instinct and capacities,
novelists. Co.) does not itself undertake to re-
on pp. 21-35, is particularly good in this respect, - flect the hundred years recently closed, but presents a
for example: “Teaching little girls to be attentive series of thoughtful essays on thirteen(the author says
to their dress and appearance is much the same as twelve) English novelists whose works are regarded
trying to teach an infant of six months to walk." as constituting a looking-glass wherein may be viewed
And again : “Thus, the tendency of a child to chase the life and aims and ideals and achievements of the
and torment a kitten may be inhibited by giving the nineteenth century in England. The novelists selected
child no kitten to play with, or by teaching him are, in their order, George Eliot, Mr. W. E. Norris,
early to stroke and feed the kitten, or by beating Jane Austen, the Brontës, Thackeray, Dickens, Lord
him in case he does pull its tail and throw stones at Lytton, the Kingsleys, Lord Beaconsfield, Anthony
it.” The author has that knack of uniting illustra- Trollope, and Charles Reade. In temperament the
tion and proof which is so great a virtue in exposi- author resembles Trollope, who, he says, “had the
tion and argument; thus he clinches the truth that settled mind (my own, so I can understand it). He
interest and easiness have no necessary connection loved things as they were; and loved to make the
by the statement: “A tug of war, and putting up best of them.” But even after this avowal of
par-
the heavy dumbbell the fiftieth time, are indefinitely tiality for the chronicler of Barsetshire, one is
painful, but may be very interesting” (p. 57). astonished at having him called "the most popular
In addition to illustrative matter in the main dis novelist of the nineteenth century," — and this too
cussion, the author has included many pages of in a volume that includes a hearty eulogy of Dickens.
exercises, designed to stimulate and guide the stu The mere record of book-sales and of republication,
dent in further reflection upon the various topics. at home and abroad, tells a different story. In dis-
Of these he says in the preface : “ They aim to test praise of one whom Mr. Lord regards as Trollope's
and increase the student's knowledge of principles ; opposite, he writes: “Exalted rank, like high char-
to insure the habit and power of application of gen acter and lofty aims and noble achievements, must
eral principles to the particular problems of the all be attacked and denounced, and until life is re-
school room; to give training in judging theories, reduced to a desert of colourless drudges Mr.
methods and devices” (p. vi.).
Thackeray will continue to disapprove." This is
Where room is wanting for half the praise we obviously severe. In treating George Eliot, the


92
[August 16,
THE DIAL
essayist says that philosophers, “who have so often history of the period — it presents a clear and in-
told us all about life and man and woman and con teresting narrative, the fruit of a broad and, let us
duct, have nothing in common with the [i. e. this] say, genial scholarship.
great novelist.” Many other disputable assertions
might be quoted from these chapters, which are
It is to be regretted that our own
An unhappy
probably all the more enjoyable because they arouse
generation has very little opportunity
English artist.
occasional dissent. They show wide reading, skill
to judge of the works of the artist
in interpreting and comparing, a wholesome enjoy- who in the last generation worked hardest for the
ment of what is good in fiction, and they tend to cause of high art in England. Benjamin R. Haydon
whet the reader's appetite for a fresh assault on last was among the first to recognize and acclaim the
century's favorites in novel-writing. More than this, transcendent merits of the Elgin Marbles ; he was
now and then a page has something of the geniality ever ready to help promising students with advice
of the imperishable “Hours in a Library”; and what and instruction; he attacked the abuses of his pro-
higher praise could an essayist desire?
fession with a severity that frequently recoiled on
his own head; he not only advocated schools of de
In the minds of students of history, sign but assisted in their establishment; and through
A genial work in the honored name of Mr. Thomas
English history.
his lectures and writings he undoubtedly helped to
Hodgkin has always been associated
raise and educate the taste of the people. Both his
with Italy and Western Europe during the early ambition and his talents turned him to historical
Middle Ages. It is with some curiosity, therefore, painting on large canvases ; but poverty drove him
that we approach a book by the same writer which
to portraits as pot-boilers, and even these did not
undertakes a survey of English history from the suffice. He was always in the grip of the money-
earliest times to the Norman Conquest. This is the lenders, was several times imprisoned for debt, and
period which has been assigned to Mr. Hodgkin in
finally ended his own life in despair. Fortunate
the series known as “The Political History of En indeed is it that he could not foresee that his cheer-
gland,” edited by Dr.Huntand Mr. Poole. Logically, ful dreams of a future place in the National Gallery
Mr. Hodgkin's volume constitutes the first instal of London for the big pictures that had been neg-
ment of the series, but its publication has been de lected in his lifetime would fail of realization.
layed. After a brief introductory chapter upon the Although several of his pictures have become the
“ Prehistoric Fore-world,” the author develops the
property of the nation, some have been loaned to
general history of Britain under the Romans, and provincial museums, one is in a lumber-room of the
tells of the Anglo-Saxon conquest, of the conversion
Victoria and Albert Museum, but not one is at
of the English, of the coming of the Danes, and of
present hung in the National Gallery. One of his
the invasion of William the Norman. The book
own favorites, however, “Christ's Entry into Jeru-
closes with the death of Harold at Hastings, at which
salem,” found its way to America and is now in the
point Professor G. B. Adams, in the next volume, cathedral at Cincinnati. But Haydon, unhappy in
takes
up the story. It is characteristic of this series
80 many ways, was nevertheless fortunate in his
that in it political history shall be emphasized. It domestic relations and in his group of close friends.
is therefore very proper for Mr. Hodgkin to be as Mr. Paston's book on “Haydon and his Friends
cautious as he is when speaking of social and consti (Dutton) is, for all its sorrow and tragedy, bright-
tutional questions, and to afford them comparatively ened by the record of many joyous days and hours,
little space in his text. On the other hand, his narra and is altogether a fascinating biography, Among
tive of the hegemonies of the early period, his ac-
Haydon's intimates were Wordsworth, Keats, Charles
count of the conversion of the English to Christianity, Lamb, Sir Walter Scott, Sir George Beaumont, and
and his portraiture of the great men, lay and reli- Miss Mitford.
Miss Mitford. Although they had never met,
gious, who built up the English nation, gives oppor Elizabeth Barrett was his correspondent, and with
tunity for Mr. Hodgkin's delightfully happy power her clear sight and passionate sympathy she seemed
to tell a somewhat dry story in such a way as always to understand him as few others could. After read-
to hold the reader's interest. It is in the chapters ing the autobiography which Haydon left behind
devoted to Roman Britain that Mr. Hodgkin is at
unpublished, and analyzing the causes which drove
his best; but it is not alone in his account of the
the artist to self-destruction, she exclaimed, “Tell
Roman occupation that we appreciate the worth of
me if Laocoðn's anguish was not as an infant's sleep
his deep learning in the historical and archæological compared to this!
materials of the Continent, for throughout the book
he charms the reader with happy parallelisms be-
The worship of
The preface of Mrs. Eleanor Hoyt
tween things and events in the distant island and
Brainerd's“In Vanity Fair" (Moffat,
in the greater Roman world. This richness of sug-
in Paris life. Yard & Co.) disclaims all intention of
gestion and allusion seems to be the element of entering upon psychological deep seas in the discus-
greatest originality in Mr. Hodgkin's volume, which sion of the feminine side of Parisian life. The story
is in no sense a rival of the works of Seebohm, Mait of the fashionable Parisienne and her frocks, the
land, or Vinogadoff. Well fulfilling the purpose for author thinks, is best told by "snap-shots of the inner
which it is intended -- an account of the political courts of Vanity Fair.” The inner courts first con-
the Vanities


1906.]
93
THE DIAL
The moral
overstrain in
sidered are the “ateliers ” from which the frocks tage of popular election, he thinks, would be found
emanate, and anyone interested in those sanctuaries not so much in its effects
upon
the national govern-
will learn many interesting secrets about “Worth ment as upon the individual States ; by tending to
and the old masters, and Paquin and the new divorce national from local politics, by promoting
school.” Rather shockingly interesting some of the reform in the representation of the State legislatures,
facts are, to be sure, and rather depressing, when by improving the character of the legislatures, by
one comes to consider the trend of them. The preventing serious interruption of State business,
descriptions of Parisian life -- the art of dining and by doing away with dead-locks, it would insure
“le sport,” the round of social events in Paris and a fuller representation of the States in the Senate.
the other cities to which the Parisian toilets annually
transport themselves, apparently prove that so-
The title of Mr. George W. Alger's
critical studies of American problems,
ciety is founded upon chiffon. The descending
business life.
scale through which this society passes is fairly in-
“ The Moral Overstrain” (Hough-
dicated by the title of the chapter on “Cannes and
ton), is peculiarly applicable and suggestive. The
the world; Nice and the flesh; Monte Carlo and the
essay which gives the book its name deals with a
the
devil.” Mrs. Brainerd takes the matter seriously, question ever present in the financial world
and implies that a new philosophy of clothes should overburdening of the moral strength of clerks and
be written by a “feminist of genius." The question
others employed on salaries remarkable for their
seems to be whether Paris is frivolous because dress
meagreness, by permitting them to handle large sums
there is so extravagant, or whether dress is extrav-
of money. The newspapers are full of the results
agant because Paris is so frivolous. None but a
of this overtaxing of the moral nature, which, the
philosopher can solve so profound a problem; but
author suggests, should be as much the subject of
when the right man (or woman) comes there will
remedial legislation as the length of a work-day or
be an American chapter in the answer, for in this
the safeguarding of machinery. The moral over-
preliminary volume it is written that Americans give
strain of the capitalist is the subject of the essay on
the largest orders to the masters of dress, and that
“Unpunished Commercial Crime," the trend of
which is easily imagined, although the special treat-
each year American women "grow more ardent in
their worship of the Vanities.”
ment will repay careful reading. “Sensational
Journalism and the Law” has a distinct message
Of considerable popular as well as
The advantages of
both for the class of newspapers referred to and to
popular election historical interest is Mr. George H. the courts of law to whose laxness much of their
of U.S. Senators. Haynes's volume on “The Election of power for evil is indirectly due. The other essays,
Senators "in the “American Public Problems” series “Criminal Law Reform,” “The Citizen and the
(Holt). The author reviews the steps by which the Jury," “Some Equivocal Rights of Labor," and
framers of the Constitution came to adopt the present ** The Literature of Exposure,” are interesting and
method of choosing Senators, discusses the early often stimulating. One feature of the book which
methods of procedure followed by the legislatures, recommends it is that in almost every case the
analyzes the Congressional statute of 1866 which was lawyer-author has a remedy to suggest for the evil
designed to establish uniformity of practice through he exposes. Moral overstrain is one of the most
out the country and which is still the law on the sub- | prominent features of American life to-day, and
ject, points out the defects of the existing method, Mr. Alger has touched many vital points of it in
traces thegrowth of the movement for popular election, these studies.
reviews the arguments for and against the proposed
A series of articles by Mr. Lincoln
change, and sets forth his own views in support of in the politics Steffens, which appeared in “Mc-
of six States.
the proposition that popular election has substantial
Clure's Magazine" during the years
advantages over the existing method. In one form 1904-5, have been published in book form under
or another, he says, the legislatures of thirty-one the title “The Struggle for Self-Government”
States more than the full two-thirds prescribed (McClure, Phillips & Co.)
(McClure, Phillips & Co.) The attempt of the
by the Constitution — have communicated to Con author has been to trace American political corrup-
gress their formal approval of the proposed change, tion to its sources in six States, which he considers
and the House of Representatives has passed a typical of our whole country; and in them we see
resolution on five different occasions proposing an clearly the workings of "The System” – that
amendment to carry out the popular demand, but “ reorganization of the political and financial powers
each time the measure has been blocked by the stolid of a State” from which all present evils flow. Mr.
resistance of the Senate. Meanwhile, the legisla- Steffens has a great many interesting things to tell
tures in many States, through the ingenuity of us about this “system,” as it influences the politics
primary election schemes, have gone far toward of Missouri, Illinois, Wisconsin, Ohio, Rhode Island,
relegating the choice of Senators to the people, con and New Jersey; and the story of the struggle for
trary to the spirit of the Constitution. The grounds self-government in these States is effectively and
upon which the framers relied in support of choice forcibly presented. A graphic discussion of affairs
by the legislature, as Mr. Haynes shows, have for so corrupt, and at the same time so vitally affecting
the most part become obsolete. The decisive advan all American citizens, can hardly fail to arouse a
Moral clinics


94
[August 16,
THE DIAL
>
curiosity to know more of the true condition of “ The Social Ideals of Alfred Tennyson as Related
affairs, political and financial, among even phleg- to his Time,” is a book by Dr. William Clark Gordon,
matic readers. It is unfortunate, however, that Mr.
published at the University of Chicago Press, Origi-
Steffens, with so commendable a purpose, should nally a doctoral thesis, the work is now presented to
adopt in his writing a tone of arrogance and a dis-
the non-academic public as a contribution to popular
inclination to restraint in his use of the picturesque.
sociology. It is a painstaking production, provided with
many extracts and many more references.
It is difficult at times to overlook this fault, and to
A Life of Oscar Wilde, by Mr. R. H. Sherard, is
keep in mind that the author's object is truth rather
announced for immediate publication by Mr. Mitchell
than sensationalism.
Kennerley of New York. It is promised that this volume
Mr. Hamilton Holt has made an in-
will give the true facts of Wilde's career as a writer,
Life-stories of
his biography, and an account of his literary work in
undistinguished teresting volume of some essays re-
the many fields in which he so greatly distinguished
adopted citizens. printed from “The Independent himself. It will contain some interesting illustrations
under the title « The Life Stories of Undistinguished and facsimile documents.
Americans” (Janies Pott & Co.). The stories pur Dr. Edward Preissig's “Notes on the History and Po-
port to be, and in most cases distinctively are, the litical Institutions of the Old World ” (Putnam) is a con-
histories of typical workers in various American venient students' manual of general history from the
vocations, at the same time being the life-stories of earliest times to the end of the nineteenth century. No
average representatives of foreign nations in Amer claim is made by the author to originality; in fact, the
ica. As literature, the volume has but slight value;
work is based, he says, largely on Myers's histories and
nor is this value enhanced by the fact that many of
Wilson's book on “ The State.” Owing to the wide field
covered, the work is of necessity little more than an
the stories are printed with the grammatical and
epitome. A distinctive feature is the parallel treatment
linguistic imperfections of the writers or tellers. As
of the course of history in each nation, with the develop-
social studies, however, many of the tales are of vital ment of its political institutions, particular attention
human interest. The naïve story of the Igorrote being given to origins.
chief contrasts well with the tales of the old-world A book that should be found very useful by advanced
people of Greece and Syria. The lives of the Chi students in high schools is “ A Handbook of Literary
naman, the negro peon, and the Indian are pecu Criticism,” by Mr. William Henry Sheran, published by
liarly interesting in their relation to the American Messrs. Hinds, Noble & Eldredge. After an introduc-
composite. The other characters — the Lithuanian tory section upon the general principles of literary art,
packer, Italian bootblack, French dressmaker, Irish
the analysis of its various forms is systematically taken
up. In each case, both precept and example contribute
cook, etc., are too much with us not to be of in-
to the treatment, so that, for example, the student of
terest. If the book succeeds in arousing in its readers
the epic first has its nature and structure explained to
a sense of the unity of human concerns and endeav him, and then proceeds to special studies of Homer,
ors, it will have accomplished its purpose.
Virgil, Dante, and Milton under the guidance of well-
known critics. There is a great deal of matter in this
book, and we can recommend it to both students and
teachers.
NOTES.
« The Oxford Anthology of English Literature,” by
G. E. and W. H. Hadow, will be issued by the Oxford
“Trinity College, Cambridge,” by Mr. W. W. Rouse
Ball, is one of the series of "College Monographs,"
University Press in three volumes. The object of the
work is to indicate the chief landmarks in the progress
bearing the Dent-Dutton imprint. It is prettily printed
of English literature. The first volume traces the course
and illustrated.
of
prose and poetry (other than dramatic) from Beowulf
“ The Life of John William Walshe, F. S. A.," that to the writers of the Jacobean age; the second volume
extremely interesting imaginary biography by Mr. will follow the history of the English drama to the same
Montgomery Carmichael, is sent us in a new edition, terminal limit; and the third volume will take up the
although seemingly unchanged, by Messrs. E. P. Dutton
record at the time of Milton and will continue it to that
& Co.
of Tennyson and Browning. For each volume, char-
Messrs. A. C. McClurg & Co. publish a reprint of acteristic examples have been selected, with such brief
Major Richardson's “Wacousta," a historical romance introductions, critical, explanatory, or biographical, as
of Pontiac's conspiracy, first published in 1832 in Lon the subject seems to require. The first volume will be
don. A portrait of the author is given, and other ready this month.
illustrations.
An edition of Hugo's “ Hernani,” edited by Professor
“Our Common Wild Flowers of Springtime and James D. Bruner, and provided with an important
Autumn," by Miss Alice M. Dowd, is a descriptive introduction, is published by the American Book Co.
manual, without illustrations excepting a frontispiece, From the Messrs. Heath we have French texts as fol-
published by Mr. Richard G. Badger. One hundred lows: Jules Moinaux's comedy “Les Deux Sourds,”
species or groups are included.
edited by Mr. I. H. B. Spiers; “ First Year of French
Mr. John Foreman's exhaustive work on “ The Phil for Young Beginners,” by Mr. J. E. Mansion; and an
ippine Islands,” which has proved such a mine of infor abridgment (to about half size) of Taine’s “ L'Ancien
mation and instruction ever since this country has labored | Régime,” made and annotated by Professor W.F. Giese.
under the incubus of its oriental possessions, is now An “Introduction to Scientific German,” in the form of
republished (and imported by the Messrs. Scribner) in eight lectures on experimental chemistry by Dr. Rein-
third edition, revised and considerably enlarged. hart Blackmann, is edited by Dr. F. W. Meisnest, and


1906.]
95
THE DIAL
published by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. From the
American Book Co. we have also an edition of Schiller's
“Wilhelm Tell,” edited by Professor E. C. Roedder,
and two of Theodor Storm's tales - - "Im Sonnenschein
and “ Ein Grünes Blatt" edited by Professor G. L.
Swiggett.
Mr. Haldane Macfall's book on Sir Henry Irving
(John W. Luce & Co.) is an appreciative, rather than a
critical, review of the late tragedian. It is divided into
three parts,
.“ The Man," « His Career,” and “ His
Art." The first part pictures Irving's physical char-
acteristics and mental attributes, and throws interesting
side-lights on his character; the second follows his career
from the time of his birth, in the Somersetshire village,
on February 6, 1838, up to the time of his death, Octo-
ber 13, 1905, tracing his life during the early stock-
company days, and through his last American tour, the
year of his death. The third portion consists of a dis-
sertation upon art, and upon the art of Sir Henry Irving
in particular. Though a trifle laudatory, Mr. Macfall
has produced a lucid portrait of his subject. The book
is illustrated by Mr. Gordon Craig.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 43 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES.
Letters and Recollections of George Washington: Being
Letters to Tobias Lear and Others between 1790 and 1799, with
a Diary of Washington's last days, kept by Mr. Lear, Illus.
in photogravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 288.
Doubleday. Page & Co. $2.50 net.
George Washington, Patriot, Soldier, Statesman, First Presi-
dent of the United States. By James A. Harrison. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 481. "Heroes of the Nations." G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$1.35 net.
Empires and Emperors of Russia, China, Korea, and
Japan : Notes and Recollections. By Count Vay de Vaya
and Luskod. Illus. in photogravure, etc., 8vo, gilt top, pp. 399.
E. P. Dutton & Co. 84. net.
A Woman of Wit and Wisdom: A Memoir of Elizabeth
Carter, one of the “ Bas Bleu " Society (1717-1806). By Alice
C. C. Gaussen. Tlus. in photogravure, etc., 12mo, uncut,
pp. 263. E. P. Dutton & Co. $3. net.
Jottings of an Old Solicitor. By Sir Jobn Hollams. 8vo, gilt
top, pp. 247. E. P. Dutton & Co. $3. net.
HISTORY
Ancient Records of Egypt : Historical Documents from the
Earliest Times to the Persian Conquest. Collected, edited,
and translated, with Commentary by James Henry Breasted,
Ph.D. Vol. IV., The Twentieth to the Twenty-Sixth Dynas-
ties; large 8vo, uncut, pp. 520. University of Chicago Press.
$3. net.
Travels in the Far Northwest, 1839-1846. Vol. I., Travels in
the Great Western Prairies, the Anahuac and Rocky Moun-
tains, and in the Oregon Territory, by Thomas J. Farnham.
Edited by Reuben Gold Thwaites, LL.D. "Early Western
Travels." Large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 380. Arthur H.
Clark Co. $. net.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
Literature of Libraries in the 17th and 18th Centuries.
First vols.: The Reformed Librarie-Keeper, Two Copies of
Letters Concerning the Place and Office of a Librarie-Keeper,
by John Dury; The Duties and Qualifications of a Librarian,
a Discourse Pronounced in the General Assembly of the
Sorbonne, Dec. 23, 1870, by Jean-Baptiste Cotton des Hous-
sayes. 16mo, gilt tops, uncut. A. C. McClurg & Co.
From a Cornish Window. By A. T. Quiller-Couch. 12mo,
pp. 367. E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.50 net.
Personal Forces in Modern Literature. By Arthur Rickett.
With photogravure portrait, 12mo, uncut, pp. 228. E. P.
Dutton & Co. $1.25 net.
Tacitus and Other Roman Studies. By Gaston Boissier ;
authorized English translation by W. G. Hutchison. Large
8vo, pp. 277. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1. net.
Growth and Structure of the English Language. By Otto
Jespersen, Ph.D. 12mo, pp. 260. New York: G. E. Stechert
& Co. $1.
The Poisoners; or, As 'Twas Done in Italy. By Edwin Sauter.
2Amo, gilt top. pp. 72. Published by the Author.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
Les Classiques Francais. New vols.: Maximes de la Roche
foucauld, with Preface by Paul Souday; Dumas' La Tulipe
Noire, with Preface by Emile Faguet. Each with photogra-
vure portrait, 18mo, gilt top. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Per
vol., leather, $1. net.
FIOTION.
Buchanan's Wife. By Justus Miles Forman. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 291. Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
The House of Cobwebs, and Other Stories. By George Gis-
sing. To which is Prefixed "The Work of George Gissing,"
an Introductory Survey by Thomas Seccombe. 12mo, pp. 300.
E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.50.
Dearlove: The History of her Summer's Makebelieve. By
Frances Campbell. With frontispiece, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 379.
E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.50.
Wácousta: A Tale of the Pontiac Conspiracy. By Major
Richardson. New illustrated edition; 12mo, pp. 454. A. C.
McClurg & Co. $1.50.
The Master-Man. 12mo, pp. 243. John Lane Co. $1.50.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION.
The Connecticut River and the Valley of the Connecticut,
Three Hundred and Fifty Miles from Mountain to Sea: His-
torical and Descriptive. By Edwin M. Bacon. Illus. in photo-
gravure, etc., 4to, gilt top, pp. 487. G. P. Putnam's Song.
$3.50 net.
The Idyllio Avon: Being a Simple Description of the Avon,
from Tewkesbury to above Stratford-on-Avon, with Songs
and Pictures of the River and its Neighbourhood. By John
Henry Garrett. Illus. in color, large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 268.
G. P. Putnam's Sons. $3. net.
An Englishwoman in the Philippines. By Mrs. Campbell
Dauncey. Tlus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp 350. E. P. Dutton
& Co. $3.50 net.
Canada the New Nation. By H. R. Whates. Illus., 12mo,
gilt top, pp. 284. E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.50 net.
San Francisco through Earthquake and Fire. By Charles
Keeler. Illus., large 8vo, pp. 55. Paul Elder & Co. Paper,
75 cts. net.
NATURE.
The Frog Book: North American Toads and Frogs, with a.
Study of the Habits and Life Histories of those of the North-
eastern States. By Mary C. Dickerson. Illus. in color, etc.,
4to, pp. 253. "Nature Library." Doubleday, Page & Co. $4. net.
Cotton: Its Cultivation, Marketing, Manufacture, and the Prob-
lems of the Cotton World. By Charles W. Burkett and
Clarence H. Poe. Illus., large 8vo, pp. 331. Farm Library."
Doubleday, Page & Co. $2. net.
How to Make a Fruit Garden. By S. W. Fletcher. Hlus.,
4to, pp. 283. Doubleday, Page & Co. $2. net.
BOOKS OF HUMOR.
Humor of Bulls and Blunders. Edited by Marshall Brown.
12mo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 217. Small, Maynard & Co. $1.20 net.
Recollections of a Gold Cure Graduate. By Newton New-
kirk. Illus., 24mo, pp. 142. Boston: H.M. Caldwell Co. 75 cts.
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG.
The Children's Heroes Series. First vols.: Story of Sir
Walter Raleigh, by Margaret Duncan Kelly; Story of Joan of
Arc, by Andrew Lang: Story of David Livingston, by Vautier
Golding; Story of Captain Cook, by John Lang. Each illus..
in color, 24mo. E. P. Dutton & Co. Per. vol., 50 cts.
Little Stories of France. By Maud Barrows Dutton. Illus.
12mo, pp. 176. American Book Co. 40 cts.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Wer Ist's P 1906. Edited by Hermann A. L. Degener. 8vo
pp. 1357. New York: G. E. Stechert & Co. $3.
The Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours. Editedi
by Charles Holme. Ilustrated in color, 4to, uncut, pp. 100.
John Lane Co. Paper.
First Steps in Muslim Jurisprudence: Excerpts from
Bakurat-Al-Sa 'D of Ibu Abu Zayd. With Arabic Text, En-
glish translation, Notes, and a short Historical and Biograph-
ical Introduction by Alexander D. Russell, M. A. and Abdullah
Al-Ma'Mun Suhrawardy, M.A. 8vo, pp. 121. London: Luzac
& Co.
Der Vorchristliche Jesus. By William Benjamin Smith;
with Introduction by Paul Wilhelm Schmiedel. Large 8vo,
pp. 243. Gieszen, Germany: Alfred Töpelmann. Paper.


96
(August 16, 1906.
THE DIAL

uthors
gency
FRENCH
The Business Professions. By various writers. 4to, uncut,
PREPARED for publication and carefully typewritten. For
pp. 198. American Academy of Political and Social Science.
Paper, $1.
Erichthonius and the Three Daughters of Cecrops. By BOOKS. ALL OUT-OF-PRINT BOOKS SUPPLIED,
Benjamin Powell, A. B. Illus., large 8vo, pp. 86. “Cornell
Studies in Classical Philology." Macmillan Co.
you any book ever published. Please state wants. Catalogue free.
Ten Plagues of Modern Egypt. By Isaac Newton McCash, BAKER'S GREAT BOOK SHOP, 14-16 Bright St., BIRMINGHAM, ENG.
A. M.; with Introduction by J. A. Beattie. With portrait,
12mo, pp. 220. Des Moines: Personal Help Publishing Co.
WILLIAM R. JENKINS
FIFTEENTH YEAR. Candid, suggestive
Criticism, literary and technical Re 851 and 853 Sixth Avenue (cor. 48th Street) New York
vision, Advice, Disposal. MSS. of all No branch stores
kinds. Instruction. REFERENCES:
READ OUR
Mrs. Burton Harrison, W.D. Howells,
ROMANS CHOISIS SERIES
Mrs. Julia Ward Howe, Thomas
Nelson Page, Mrs. Mary E. Wilkins
26 Titles. Paper 60c., cloth 85c. vol.
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[Sept. 1,
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99
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100
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
TWO SPLENDID NOVELS
The Awakening of Helena Richie
By MARGARET DELAND
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1906.]
101
THE DIAL
NAMES YOU KNOW
Miriam Michelson
Mary Dillon
"E. Nesbit"
Rudyard Kipling
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exceptional work; more than ever fascinat-
ing, and predestined “successful”:

Anthony Overman
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The Incomplete Amorist
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102
[Sept. 1, 1906.
THE DIAL
NEW MACMILLAN BOOKS
IMPORTANT BOOKS ON AGRICULTURE
Professor E. W. Hilgard's Soils
Their Formation, Properties, Composition, and Relations to Climate and Plant Growth in the Humid and Arid
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Cloth, 387 pp., $1.75 net.
Professor Hunt's How to Choose a Farm
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Hallock and Wade's Outlines of the Evolution of Weights
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The Works of Maurice Hewlett Complete
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Miss Marie Van Vorst's The Sin of George Warrener
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BY THE DIAL COMPANY, PUBLISHERS.
PAGE
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THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 18t and 16th matter for regret, it was fairly evident that the
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THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago.
graphy, it is time to sit up and take notice. Cer-
tainly, no one who resents this ill-considered
meddling — this attempted use of a monkey-
No. 485.
SEPTEMBER 1, 1906. Vol. XLI. wrench
upon
the delicate mechanism of a watch
- can be justified in holding his peace.
CONTENTS.
It is unfortunate that money should be put
THE EDICT OF OYSTER BAY
· 103 to such uses as this ; it is also unfortunate that
THE CULT OF THE CHA JIN. Frederick W.
the word of an individual, because he happens
Gookin
105 to hold exalted public office, should for that
IN THE REALM OF THE SUBCONSCIOUS.
reason alone (since no other is in this case think-
James R. Angell .
106
able) exert a widespread influence. But these
PRESIDENT DIAZ: MAKER OF MODERN
facts, however unfortunate, must be reckoned
MEXICO. Arthur Howard Noll
. 109
with, and we apprehend no little harm from the
THE GREEK WORLD UNDER ROMAN SWAY.
recent edict of Oyster Bay. The mere fact that
F. B. R. Hellems .
110
the President's
messages
will hereafter be
RECENT FICTION. William Morton Payne . 113
couched in mutilated English does not in itself
Sudermann's The Undying Past. — Bazán's The
Mystery of the Lost Dauphin. — Capes's Bembo:
count for much, for frequent and voluminous as
A Tale of Italy. – McCarthy's The Flower of those messages are, they will be chiefly circulated
France. - Danby's The Sphinx's Lawyer. -- Rick-
ert's Folly. — Van Vorst's The Sin of George War-
through the agency of newspapers that will spell
rener. - Boyce's The Eternal Spring. - Deland's them in orthodox fashion. Nor do we antici-
The Awakening of Helena Richie. - Kinkead's The
pate any headlong rush on the part of publishers
Invisible Bond.—Churchill's Coniston.-Rowland's
In the Shadow. – Barry's Sandy from the Sierras.
to adopt the new spellings, for to do so would
- Scott's The Colonel of the Red Huzzars.
rather seriously jeopardize their practical inter-
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
117 ests. A few — a very few — among respectable
Two books on a timely and vital subject. - A
periodicals have for several years been printing
Southerner's recollections. — Essays of a Cornish
such weird symbols as “thru " and " program
novelist. — An account of Reconstruction in South
Carolina. Trinity Parish, New York, from 1825 and "catalog," but they have not been flattered
to 1862.--Aristippus of Oxford.-British influence
by imitation, and have only succeeded in mak-
in Egypt. — Art principles defined for the unini-
tiated. The journal of a Forty-niner.-A summary
ing themselves rather ridiculous.
of naturalization legislation.
The chief practical menace of this new official
NOTES
121 pronouncement is directed toward our public
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
122 school systems. These are often under the con-
trol of men who are only too prone to favor any
change that is tagged as a reform, and who are
THE EDICT OF OYSTER BAY.
only too often incapable of understanding that
The amusing antics of the spelling reformers this particular “reform" has any other aspect
have sporadically occupied the attention of the than that of a time-saver. The mischief that
public for a good many years, but there has been could be done by a city board of school trustees,
no particular reason to take them seriously. or even by a single school superintendent, is
They were displayed by a coterie of zealots, and enormous, and we counsel the friends of English
although they found an occasional imitator whose undefiled to be everywhere watchful on behalf
defection from the cause of good taste was a of their children, lest these be made the inno-
.
.
.


104
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
cent victims of a policy of false educational radicals is impossible. They do not speak the
economy. The impetus given by the recent
same tongue. How can a man to whom words
presidential ukase to this demoralizing move are mere counters, having no more character
ment will be at once felt at many points, and than Arabic numerals, enter into the feelings of
some of them will be those points of least resist a man to whom they are æsthetic and emotional
ance that in any such case yield to comparatively symbols, having physiognomy and life, conse-
slight pressure. Now is the time for defenders crated by associations, and appealing in count-
of standard English to be everywhere on the less subtle and undefinable ways to faculties
alert, for, lacking due vigilance, some of their deeper than the logical intelligence ? Let us
strategic positions will surely be lost by default. take an example, the first that occurs to us,
There is little use in presenting again the the words of Kent at the moment of Lear's
old array of arguments for and against spelling supreme agony.
reform. The only plea that is or can be urged “Vex not his gost: 0, let him pass: he hates him
in its behalf is the narrow utilitarian plea of That would upon the rack of this tuf world
an economy of time--for children learning the
Stretch him out longer.”
use of their mother-tongue and for foreigners To the spelling reformer, our resentment at this
making their acquaintance with English. There desecration is nothing more than a display of
are so many causes of waste in our elementary unreasoning prejudice in behalf of an artificial
education that this particular economy is sug- convention. How much deeper the feeling really
gestive of saving at the spigot while the bung- is we shall not attempt to explain, for he would
hole remains wide open. Besides, the economy
not understand our language.
is largely illusory. A child learns spelling either The particular list of three hundred “ sim-
by visualization of the word-symbol as a whole, plified spellings ” which are hereafter to grace
or by an arbitrary memorizing of the literal the literature that proceeds from the White
series. He does not learn to spell by the appli- House doubtless represents, in the eyes of the
cation of phonetic rules. We have in mind a reformers, a very moderate step toward the
high-school girl who the other day was asked realization of their dull pedantic ideal. They
to write the sentence : 66 My uncle sprained his have enough of the wisdom of the serpent to
ankle.” She wrote it as follows : “My unckel know that the dear public must be led by de-
sprained his ankle.” She was the perfect type grees to take their medicine, and that the dose
of the constitutionally bad speller, and the most must be well sugared by sophistry and smooth
logical system of orthography imaginable would palaver. But they make it quite evident that
not help her case.
the bottle is capacious, and may be trusted in
Having made the most of their plea for time the future to provide longer and more nauseous
saving, the spelling reformers devote the rest of draughts. Hamlet's words are clearly to the
their energy to a series of disingenuous attempts point : “ Thus bad begins and worse remains be-
to weaken the considerations urged against their hind.” Since a principle is at stake, and not a few
hobby. For example, they discover that some forms of special usage, the list in question need
erratic writer of the past occasionally used a cer not be examined in much detail, although cer-
tain spelling which happens to fit in with their tain features may be worth a brief consideration.
notions, and present this sporadic instance as a
a A large proportion of the recommended
sufficient warrant for our setting established cus- spellings give the forms now generally accepted
tom at defiance. Or they parade a few stock in this country. To some of these, such as
words, such as “island” and “ rhyme,” which “judgment,” “ license," " synonym,” and “ anti-
happen to be misleading as regards their origin, toxin,” there is no serious objection. Of others,
and then triumphantly declare the entire argu such as the words terminating in “or,
ment from etymology to be overthrown. To and “er," it must be said that American ad-
such childish tactics are the reformers reduced herence to these forms has become so general
in their effort to make a display of logic, and that there is little use in trying to escape them.
to make the worse appear the better reason. The preterite terminations in “t" must be held
But argument upon any subject is futile un objectionable, although they have a legitimate
less based upon some sort of agreement concern use in poetry, where they help to a more imme-
ing the meaning of terms and the desirability diate consciousness of the rhyme. The termi-
of ideals. The case against arbitrary spelling nation “ gram,” while perfectly proper in such
reform is emphatically a case in which a com trisyllabic words as “epigram” and “mono-
mon understanding between conservatives and gram,” becomes highly mischievous in “ pro-
» size,


1906.]
105
THE DIAL
gramme,” for the simple reason that for most
The New Books.
people it at once changes the word to “prógram,
transforming a mouth-filling spondee into an
insignificant trochee. As for the terminations
THE CULT OF THE CHA-JIN.*
in “ log,” they are utterly abominable. This
Few things about which everyone has heard
miserable truncation may satisfy the ear, but to are so little understood as the cha-no-yu, or tea
the
eye, looking for the equivalent of the Greek
ceremonies practised by the Japanese. The out-
logos, it is an unpardonable offence. Some ward forms have been described often enough.
thing similar must be said of the terminations Foreign sojourners in Japan have even taken
in “gog.” To sacrifice the good old English
courses of instruction in making tea according
guttural in such words as“ though,” thorough," to the prescribed ritual. " Most interesting,"
and “through” is asking too much of our lin is the usual comment of those who have thus
guistic conscience, and we must reject the atro- endeavored to acquire the novel accomplishment.
cious “thru " for the additional reason that it
66 A curious custom," sagely remarks the ordi-
does not spell “ through,” even phonetically. nary observer. “Childish” is the scoffing verdict
The distinction between the vowel sounds "u"
uttered by the superior person, who sees in it
and " ou " is evident to any delicate ear, but the unmistakable evidence of littleness of mind, and
spelling reformers do not care much for delicate
rests secure in the consciousness of being above
susceptibilities of any sort. Nor can we be
such petty trifling. Some, even, of those who
reconciled to the suppression of the diphthong should know better are wont to disclaim against
“æ” in such words as “æsthetic” and “arch- what they characterize as “the perverted æstheti-
æology.” On the other hand, the chemists are cism of the cha-jin.”
welcome to their“ glycerin ” and “gelatin," and It is this æstheticism that furnishes the ma-
they may even have their “ sulfate ” and “sul-
terial for the charming group of essays Mr.
fur” if they will put themselves under bonds Okakura Kakuzo has put forth under the car-
to keep the latter spelling out of literature, for tion of The Book of Tea." To some extent
we shall still insist upon writing
the title is misleading, for it suggests a treatise
“A fiery Deluge, fed
upon tea culture, the various kinds of leaf and
With ever-burning Sulphur unconsum’d.”
their preparation for market, when in fact it is
We must take no chances with Milton!
a searching inquiry into the nature of art ap-
Let us not forget, in our zeal for progress, preciation. Some other designation, as, let us
that England is still the mother-country of our say, “ Teaism, the Religion of Æstheticism," or
speech, that sacred heritage which it is our golemn
“ The Philosophy of Cha-no-yu,” would seem
duty to transmit to our descendants in unim-
better adapted to bring the book to the atten-
paired richness of expressive quality. Let us tion of those to whom more especially it is ad-
remember also that to teach our children an
dressed. Yet who can tell ? It is not a book
orthography that is likely, in the slightest degree of the hour, but one which, if the fair flowers
to make difficult their access to English books, of literature stood less chance of being choked
would be a grave dereliction from our duty out by weeds, should find an ever widening cir-
toward them. The doctrine of the spelling re cle of appreciative readers. So, let it be hoped,
formers will never be acceptable to the cultivated
one name may prove as fit as another.
English intelligence, and the attempt to ignore To all but the initiated, the cha-no-yu cere-
this fact, to create a distinctive American form
mony has been overlaid with a veil of mystery.
of our common speech at the cost of an estrange- It is related of Rikiu, the greatest of the tea
ment from the major part of our common litera masters, that in answer to one who would pene-
ture, argues something dangerously close to trate this veil, he said: “ There is no particular
depravity. Rather should it be our aim to do
secret in the ceremony save in making tea agree-
everything possible for the preservation of the
able to the palate, in piling charcoal on the
threatened solidarity of intellectual interests hibachi so as to make a good fire for boiling
among all the English-speaking peoples, to make water, in arranging flowers in a vase in a natural
concessions, even if they seem made to irrational way, and in making things appear cool in sum-
prejudice, and to hold fast to the determination
mer and warm in winter. " Who on earth
that no clique of doctrinaires shall be permitted does not know how to do that?” replied the in-
to weaken our sense of the historical develop- quirer. “Well,” was Rikiu's happy retort, “if
ment of our language or of the unity of our
* THE BOOK OF TEA. By Okakura-Kakuzo. New York: Fox,
literature.
Duffield & Co.


106
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
you know it, do it.” In one of his poems he facility in the use of English that distinguishes
asserts that Cha-no-yu means no more than to his previous books. Felicities of phrase meet
boil water, make tea, and drink it properly. As the eye on every page. Occasionally, but only
used by him there is a world of meaning in that occasionally, is there a tendency shown to indulge
last word. The truth is, the tea ceremony was in epigram for its own sake. And once the
contrived to bring together men whose art ap omission of the definite article comes near mak-
preciation had reached the stage of connoisseur- ing nonsense of a clever comparison. These
ship, and to bar out those not fitted to associate lapses may be taken as necessary to make the
with them on terms of intellectual equality, not, book conform to the Taoist and Zen conception
however, in a spirit of snobbishness, but because of perfection, which, as our author tells us,
of the futility of scattering pearls where Circe's “ laid more stress upon the process through
herd may come.
which perfection was sought than upon perfec-
The standard of taste set up by the cult is tion itself.” An unfortunate misprint on page
most exacting. Its cardinal principles are sim- 42, by which the name of the Shogun Ashikaga-
plicity and purity. Restraint is its watchword, Yoshimasa is metamorphosed into Ashikaga-
ultra refinement its goal. Excess in any Voshinasa, can hardly be explained upon the
direction is foreign to its spirit. As practised same theory, and should be corrected in future
by the gentle Rikiu it became a protest against editions.
extravagance whether in art or in living. Dis The message of the book is an uplifting one,
carding highly decorated utensils, florid paint much needed in this twentieth century world,
ings, and apparel of bright hue, he preached, dominated as it is by sordid ideals and in dan-
less by precept than by example, the gospel of ger of being engulfed in the quicksands of
a return to the simplicity of primitive conditions. vulgar materialism. Few of us there are who
If the heart and soul of the user were pure, the would not be better for accepting Mr. Okakura's
commonest bowl from the kitchen would serve. invitation : “ Meanwhile let us have a sip of tea.
In this doctrine lies the secret of the cha-jin's The afternoon glow is brightening the bamboos,
preference for such things as the rude pottery the fountains are bubbling with delight, the
of antiquity, and the masterpieces which, under soughing of the pines is heard in our kettle.
the semblance of rudeness, in reality attain the Let us dream of evanescence, and linger in the
ultimate possibilities of the potter's art. The beautiful foolishness of things.”
preference for paintings done in Chinese ink
FREDERICK W. GOOKIN.
with a few strokes of the brush, as compared
with more elaborate productions in which color
is used, goes further back and finds its root in
the abstract philosophy of the Zen sect of Bud-
IN THE REALM OF THE SUBCONSCIOUS.*
dhists. But underlying everything is keen de Despite the general intellectual complacency
light in the beautiful and thorough appreciation of the present generation, there seems to be little
of artistic quality. The few brush strokes must reason to question that, like our forbears, we
be done with consummate skill. Boldness and display the defects of our qualities. For a ma-
strength must be combined with exquisite ten terialistic folk we are interested beyond doubt in
derness and softness ; each stroke must be full
an unprecedentedly wide range of things spiritual
of life, firm, graceful, and with the utmost and mental, but we are on the whole surprisingly
nicety expressive of the painter's thought, insensitive to the requirements of exactitude in
Works of art of every description, architecture, our forages after knowledge into the realms
sculpture, landscape gardening, the arrangement where information about these matters is to be
of flowers, poetical composition, even conduct, sought. We crave insight into the mysteries of
must stand the test of the application of these heaven above and earth below, yet we are prone
and cognate ideas to pass muster beneath the
to confuse theory with fact and desire with re-
critical scrutiny of the tea-man.
ality at the behest of any puff of popular preju-
Mr. Okakura's essays are conceived and dice or any gust of sentiment.
In short, we
carried out in the true spirit of the cha-jin. So exhibit the psychological paradox of a sincere
light is his touch, so exact his choice of words, and vital concern for the deep and baffling prob-
so concise his expression, so unobtrusive his lems of life combined with a vigorous indisposi-
statements, that one hardly realizes, at first tion to face the rigors of the discipline and
reading, the breadth of scholarship that forms
* THE SUBCONSCIOUS. By Joseph Jastrow. Boston: Houghton,
the background of his work. There is the same
-
Mifflin & Co.


1906.]
107
THE DIAL
training necessary to attain our ostensible goal. and builds on the exposition thus accomplished
Nowhere is this tendency more vividly expressed
a sane and conservative interpretation.
than in the current interest in the subconscious. It will perhaps clarify further discussion if
Contemporary occultism, which in one or an we say at once that Professor Jastrow adopts a
other form flourishes like the green bay tree view of the nature of the subconscious which is
among us, has taken the subconscious into its much less radical than that commonly urged by
most intimate bosom. Telepathy, mind-reading, its popular expounders. There are, to be sure,
veridical and prophetic visions are one and all several theories in vogue at present, and all in
explained by reference to this subterranean more or less good repute, psychologically speak-
region in which are wrought out, according to ing. There is, in the first place, the theory of
this sect, the varied marvels for which the upper the subliminal self, which has enlisted under its
plateaus of mental life afford no explanatory banners not a few of the most acute investiga-
clue. Even orthodox religious thought has tors of these regions. In the creed of this theory
shown a kindly disposition toward the possibil- the conscious waking mind with which we get
ities of the new applicant for favor. Much of along for the most part in the world of every-
the miraculous in experience and scripture can day life is only a portion of our total psychic
seemingly be given a rational setting, if we are endowment. In addition to this we have another
at liberty to accept certain of the prevalent and in many particulars much more interesting
teachings about the subconscious. Even in the self which comes to light only in moments of a
more pretentious undertakings of philosophy peculiarly propitious kind, when all the auspices
and psychology the subconscious has from time are favorable. These are the moments of in-
to time received a dignified and cordial welcome. spiration, of clairvoyant trance, and similar
In its less worthy expressions this tendency has sublimated experiences.
sublimated experiences. These are the circum-
appeared in the form of a fondness for raw hy- stances under which real genius expresses itself,
potheses and unverifiable amateur speculations. thereby revealing the puerile limitations which
Professor James has tellingly characterized cer characterize the accomplishments of the rank
tain of its manifestations as the “tumbling and file of ordinary mental performances.
ground for whimsies" of every sort.
Another and opposite view maintains that all
In view of the extant situation it is certain the alleged phenomena, for which there is to be
that Professor Jastrow's latest book will meet found warrant of a reasonably scientific kind
with a warm and well-deserved welcome. The are to be explained on the ground of cerebral
author is thoroughly posted on the details of action following the general laws of neural
the subject with which he deals, he has the scien- habit. This is in substance the old-fashioned
tific temperament and sound scientific training, “ unconscious cerebration ” pruned of certain of
added to which he writes in a smooth and finished the mystical implications of that doctrine. This
style which renders his text as agreeable to read theory is espoused by a few of the careful stu-
as it is easy to follow. For the psychologist the dents of the subconscious, and is probably the
main value of the work will be in the compendi- conviction of the majority of psychologists who
ous account which it furnishes of a large and have given no extended study to the phenomena
significant group of related phenomena and its in question. It represents the attitude of ultra-
able exposition of a definite and frank attitude scientific conservatism.
toward these phenomena. This attitude may be Professor Jastrow's view, while distinctly dis-
designated as that of impersonal empirical sci- claiming sympathy with the customary formu-
Professor Jastrow, differing in this par- lations of the subliminal self theory, and
ticular from most of his predecessors in this field, inclining definitely toward the alternative view
has no ulterior interests to subserve by the above designated, nevertheless presents the sit-
establishment of his own view concerning the uation with a slightly different emphasis, and
subconscious. On the contrary, he leaves to begets in his readers a different mood, if not a
their fate any secondary inferences and implica- different conviction, as regards the subconscious.
tions which may be found to flow from the con At all events, this has been his effect
upon
the
clusions he reaches. For the layman, on the reviewer. He marshals in a telling array all
other hand, and especially for the layman pre- the facts which portray the background phe-
disposed toward occultism, the book should prove nomena of consciousness as contributing essen-
a most illuminating and sobering influence. It tially to the efficacy of the operations of the
sets forth in a thoroughly intelligible manner central portions occupying the foreground. The
the essential facts bearing on the issues at stake, vague sensations of our total organism, which
ence.


108
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
processes of
or more
constitute so large and ordinarily so unsuspected belief in a secondary personality in any
basic
a part of our sense of personality, our inherited way severed from the self of the familiar sort.
automatic and reflex acts, which only now and His general conception of the status and nature
then intrude upon our notice, our acquired of the subconscious was described in an earlier
habits, which become all but unconscious when- paragraph.
ever they approach perfection, the astonishing It is not feasible within the limits of a brief
disclosures of logical and intellectually adequate notice such as this to convey any satisfactory
achievements (e. g., the subconscious perform- impression of the wealth of illustrative material
ances of mathematical prodigies) which now and which the author has gathered, partly from clas-
again burst out unexpectedly upon us, indicating sical sources, partly from records and observa-
that somewhere other than in our usual con tions of his own. Suffice it to say that every
sciousness operations of a coherent kind have position of consequence adopted in the book is
been in progress
these and dozens of other buttressed by formidable arrays of illustrative
similar illustrations are ranged side by side to facts.
exhibit both the degree to which our introspec-
The defenders of the subliminal self are sure
tively verifiable mental activities are supple-to maintain that their doctrine is given an un-
mented by others of a kind not fairly to be duly cavalier dismissal, and were it the author's
called conscious, and the manner in which the purpose to present the controversial aspects of
former shade off imperceptibly into the latter. his subject this contention could no doubt be
It is thus the functional continuity of the con upheld. On the merits of the issue it is to be
scious and the subconscious upon which Pro- observed that everyone is agreed that under
fessor Jastrow chiefly dwells. If it be added certain conditions a measure of disintegration or
that the author asserts that in his judgment all dissociation occurs in the fabric of personality
mental
every kind are accompanied as this is revealed in memory, in temperament,
by neural processes,
the general temper of his and character. When these rifts become suffi-
attitude will perhaps be sufficiently clear. ciently deep and permanent, one group of ob-
The plan upon which the volume is organized servers maintains that the dissevered members
is simple and natural. An opening series of are essentially two-
personalities,
chapters describes certain of the principles of and should be so designated. The other party
normal psychology which are most pertinent to to the controversy insists that the schism is never
the understanding of the operations of the sub- complete enough to warrant the postulation of
conscious. This is followed by a group of an entirely distinct personality.
chapters upon the abnormal variants of conscious Professor Jastrow's attack upon the strong-
process in so far as these are relevant to the hold of the subliminal self is from the flank
main subject of the book and in so far as they rather than from in front. He does not contend
fall short of actual insanity. The final portion that the facts are incapable of interpretation in
of the book is devoted to an exposition of the the manner of the theory at stake. He simply
theoretical deductions which the author advances points out that the hypothesis is not the simplest
on the basis of the preceding parts of his work. one adequate to the facts, and that it consequently
In the early chapters the reader is introduced flouts the scientific law of parsimony in expla-
to an account of the function of consciousness nation. Moreover, he insists that the general
and the peculiarities of attention and volition implications of the doctrine considered from the
which follows closely the orthodox contemporary standpoints of biological evolution and of logical
view. On this foundation the author proceeds coherency with itself are full of contradictions
to exhibit the play of subconscious factors in and confusions. The reviewer cannot exhibit
common everyday affairs. In connection with the details of the case, but it appeals to him as
his sketch of abnormal processes, dream phe- distinctly worth while to call attention to the
nomena are subjected to an effective analysis existence of expert opinion inhospitable to the
which leads
up to a description of the dissoci- subliminal self, so widely has this doctrine in
ated consciousness of which psychologists have one form or another possessed the popular im-
heard so much in recent years. This is the form agination.
of experience which furnishes the most substan In conclusion it may be said, as indicative of
tial support for the theory of the subliminal the perplexities which surround the author of a
self with its corruscation of related doctrines. book such as this, that one of the chief virtues
As has already been mentioned, Professor Jas- of the accomplishment from the point of view
trow does not regard the facts as justifying the of the general reader is likely to be felt as a


1906.]
109
THE DIAL
shortcoming from the side of the psychological in name only, and dictatorial in fact, yet thor-
specialist. Professor Jastrow has a genius for oughly adapted to the needs of the people and
metaphor, and he has allowed it full play capable of establishing peace in a hitherto dis-
throughout the whole of his text. The result tracted country. By clear-headed statesmanship
is that his pages are always picturesque and in- he has lifted the country from seemingly hope-
teresting, but the psychologist sometimes wishes less bankruptcy and restored its credit. He has
he would speak the language more technically, developed its resources, carried to a successful
so that it might be less doubtful at crucial conclusion some of the most gigantic schemes
points just what he intends. This will perhaps for public improvements, and has established
be fairly regarded as carping. But a little less systems of public instruction surpassed nowhere
yielding to the passion for apt figure would have else in the world.
resulted in considerable condensation without Here, then, is a worthy subject for the bio-
detracting seriously from the value of the ex- grapher. It is true that recent books upon
position. Nevertheless, we must be sincerely Mexican subjects pay their meed of praise to the
grateful for an admirable achievement in a field wonderful man who has brought order out of
calling loudly for such a piece of work. chaos in the neighboring republic; and the popu-
JAMES R. ANGELL. lar magazines give occasional notices of the work
he is doing. Perhaps the biographer is waiting
for the completion of his career when his life
can be viewed in its proper perspective, the per-
PRESIDENT DIAZ: MAKER OF MODERN manence of his institutions tested, and the
MEXICO.*
question answered whether the benevolent pater-
Among the names of great men of the present
nalism he has substituted for a former military
age that of General Porfirio Diaz looms large. absolutism can survive him. But although Diaz
On the first of December, 1904, he took the is six years past his three score and ten, he
oath of office as President of Mexico for the exhibits no decay of powers, and the world may
seventh time, and began a presidential term to have to wait many years to view his career in
which he had been popularly elected for six
its completeness.
years. Reaching the chief magistracy of his No one could attain to a position of such
country by means of a successful revolution in unique character as that of Porfirio Diaz in any
1876, he has since (with the exception of four Spanish-American country (in Mexico perhaps
years, 1880-84) held the office by repeated least of all) without a career of more than ordi-
elections thereto. His greatness consists, how nary interest. The bare official record of the
ever, not in his being a little more successful military and other public services of Diaz, fur-
and longer-lived than other Spanish-American nished by the Under Secretary of Naval and
dictators, but in the success that has crowned Military Affairs, covers seven octavo pages
and
his efforts to regenerate his country. During exhibits him as peculiarly a man of action. Mrs.
the twenty-five years of his occupancy of the
Alec-Tweedie has written several books of sight-
presidential chair he has wielded a power as ab- seeing in strange lands, and her desire to find
solute as that of any European monarch, yet he a subject for another volume first turned her
has used that power for the good of the land attention to Mexico. Six months in that country
for the establishment of a benevolent paternal-
in 1900 resulted in “ Mexico as I Saw It," a
ism; and has possessed the love and affection book which won the admiration of the President
of his subjects to an extent perhaps beyond any
because of the good it found in Mexico to ex-
ruler in history. He has meanwhile lived the ploit. Four years later Mrs. Alec-Tweedie was
life of an unostentatious private gentleman in
invited to revisit Mexico as the guest of the
his capital, attending to his official duties much President, and then received his consent to write
as a business man or banker in a large city
his biography. Her time was well spent in col-
would attend to his. He has succeeded in re lecting the materials for this task, in which she
moving Mexico from the category of revolution was assisted by the President and his accom-
ary Spanish-American states to a respectable plished wife. The President placed his private
place among
the nations of the earth. He has journals at her command, and thus gave her the
succeeded in instituting therein a form of gov very best opportunity that could be had for
ernment, perhaps constitutional and Republican writing an account of his military career. She
• THE MAKER OF MODERN MEXICO: Porfirio Diaz. By Mrs.
was given access to official reports which ex-
Alec-Tweedie. Illustrated. New York: John Lane Company. plained many of his public acts. Her intimacy


110
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
with the President and his charming wife enabled perial spirits who rule the present from the past,'
her to write intelligently of the private life of and in the Roman age was producing, in its best
the President, and to describe his activity in the influences, a cosmopolitan humanitarianism and
discharge of official and semi-official duties. All genial refinement, in its worst, political servility
of these valuable materials were taken back to and intellectual stagnation. The great Greek
the author's London home, and there the book seal on what this world of thought inherits is the
was written early in the following year.
seal of the earlier generations.
It is impossible to appreciate the life of Por And yet Greece between the death of Alex-
firio Diaz without knowing something, indeed ander and the Roman conquest is worth knowing,
without knowing a great deal, of the history of as is also the Greek world under Roman sway.
Mexico and comparing its past conditions with We have the after-history of the Macedonian
the present. Mrs. Alec-Tweedie has been able empire, which may be said to have contributed
to draw upon the observations made with her to the history of modern government the impe-
former book in view, to supply this needed set rial or monarchic system, which was passed on
ting for the biography. It may be that her book to sequent centuries by the Roman Empire,
is overloaded with matters somewhat indirectly a contribution of tremendous moment, if not of
related to her subject, but that can be accounted unmixed benefit. Then in the Roman period
no fault. The numerous illustrations also are we have an exceptional opportunity to observe
not in every case strictly relevant to the text. the interaction of a subjugated nation with supe-
But all add to the richness of the book, which rior intellectual endowments and a conquering
rises to the distinction of being the first adequate nation with more effective political instincts and
biography of the greatest man Mexico has organization. Again, we must not forget that
produced
ARTHUR HOWARD NOLL.
these centuries transmitted from the previous
age the glorious heritage of thought and culture
of which we have spoken, and it is worth while
knowing the people to whom fate intrusted this
THE GREEK WORLD UNDER ROMAN SWAY.* precious charge. Occasionally, too, the fire
Aickers
up
from the ashes on the olden altars
How many of us found our early travels in
Greek history abruptly terminated with the death
and there appears a writer, a sculptor, or a coin-
of Alexander the Great, as if the route were sud-
engraver in whom we discover the glow, albeit
an after-glow, of the marvellous Hellenic genius,
denly broken by some unbridgable chasm or
- such, for instance, as appears in the work of
unscalable cliff! It is true that we heard of
vague
and shadowy creatures, known as diadochi, some-
the king of biographers. Furthermore, there is
the thought that we are dealing with the gen-
where over the cliff, and in our Latin work we
tile soil on which the seeds of Christianity fell
read the alliterative line recording the fact that
to rise in triumphant growth and overspread
captured Greece took captive her savage con-
the world ; and countless blunders of the most
queror; but that Greek history really continued, fundamental sort would have been avoided in
that Greek people went on existing otherwise
than as entities to be governed, we were never
the writing of European history, as well as in the
encouraged to realize. From one point of view making thereof, if more had been known about
the seed-time of Christianity. Overlying all
there was a justification for the sudden and arbi-
else is the fact that here we have a troubled
trary interruption, inasmuch as the great world-
so like our own that the modern reader will
message of Hellenism found early utterance, and
sometimes wonder whether he is not dealing with
the post-Alexandrian period served mankind not
so much by evolving a new message as by trans-
to-day in the thin disguise of a Græco-Roman
mitting the old. Plutarch in his Pythian treatise
yesterday.
The great initial factor in the political rela-
contrasts the majesty and glory of that oracle
when it swayed the decisions of nations by its po-
tions of Rome and conquered Greece is that
Greece needed a ruler, but that Rome had not
etic vaticinations with its degradation in his own
day when it talked in vulgar prose and was con-
been trained to rule. One moment the sym-
sulted about cattle and drains ; and this may be pathetic student of the earlier decades of our
period is fiercely aroused by the incapacity,
taken to symbolize the general change in Hellas,
which in its golden age had generated those “ im- is brought back to a pitiful sobriety by the
or worse, of a Roman governor, the next, he
• THE SILVER AGE OF THE GREEK WORLD. By John Pentland
greater incapacity of the Greeks to rule them-
selves. The city of the Tiber had arrived at its
age
Chicago Press.
Mahaffy, C.V.O., D.D., D.C.L. Chicago: The University of


1906.]
111
THE DIAL
proud position as mistress of the Mediterranean lenic polities, and over in the Crimea were
world rather by muddling through her prob- isolated settlements keeping alive the torch of
lems of growth than by pursuing a broad-based Hellenism to throw at least a tiny beam on the
deliberate policy of intelligent expansion. Ac darkness of surrounding barbarism. And so
cordingly it was natural enough that her first we might wander about in Greek company
years in Greece should be replete with regret almost anywhere between the Pillars of Her-
table errors or even deplorable crimes. Right cules and the fabled ramparts of farther India :
eous rule, after all, seems to be almost as largely Greece had been transformed from a place into
a matter of habit as is efficient rule, and other a civilization.
nations than Rome have shown slowness in ac This civilization was represented by people
quiring the habit. Howbeit, even these early who were living and thinking, even if their
years of misrule were better than anarchy, a thoughts were not original, nor their life replete
fact that one must keep constantly in mind in with the highest activities. For the public life
weighing such a caption as “ The Roman Con-
we may repeat our author's quotation from
quest a Disaster to Hellenism.” Then with the Plutarch : “For see, if we enumerate the great-
imperial system of provincial government came est blessings which polities enjoy — peace, lib-
a fundamental improvement, when the great pas erty, material prosperity, populousness, harmony
Romana made the world orderly if not progres as far as peace is concerned, the communities
sive, and prosperous if not happy. It is easy have nothing to desire from their politicians,
to talk about “the political boa-constrictor every Greek, every barbarian, war has departed
and its strangling embrace ; but the decadence from us and vanished; as regards liberty, they
of Greek culture had begun two centuries before have as much as the rulers accord to such com-
the Roman conquest threw its coils about the munities, and perhaps as much as is good for
Hellenic world. It can scarcely be questioned them.” For private life there is no safe and
that Hellenism both survived longer and exer convenient summary, save that it was a restless
cised a wider influence as a result of the Roman age when men looked forward with uncertainty
dominion. While Roman Hellenism was not and backward with regret. That it was a period
Periclean Hellenism, it was at any rate Hellen- of great viciousness would be an unfair deduc-
ism as opposed to barbarism, and the world would tion, although the deduction is drawn by one
have been poorer had Greece been left to its de- learned German historian ; it is much more pro-
clining fate.
bable that there was a premium on the average
For this work of rescue Greece offered requital decent man who was courteous to his neighbors
in strange coin, and Rome became Greek. With and in general steered rather closely to the mean.
this phase of the question, however, everybody While the circle of activities was not large, the
is familiar. We have all read of the influence activities themselves were not necessarily ignoble.
of Greek cooks and Greek sculptors, Greek There was much more education, much more
valets and Greek tutors, Greek actors and Greek reading, more interest in sculpture, more literary
architects, Greek vice and Greek philosophy, chat and other recreations of a refined sort than
Greek drinking and Greek literature; nor does one commonly associates with the life of the
this jumble of words represent unfairly the period. Furthermore, there was not a little pro
irregular but all-pervading sweep of the Hel- ductivity in literature and plastic art, even if
lenic reaction. Rome was to transmit her own there was a dearth of greatness in these fields;
wonderful achievement in law and political or but we may not allow ourselves to follow this
ganization; but on the remainder of her glorious tempting vista. We must add, however, that
bequest is the stamp of another genius. the old religion had lost much of its vitality in
Geographically this Greek world had grown the development of a spirit of toleration and
to remarkable bounds. Bactria and India saw eclecticism ; these cosmopolites had begun to
Hellenistic kingdoms fall after an ephemeral feel that a new religion might be after all an
existence; but an unmistakable imprint was old friend in a new guise, or even a new friend
left on the coins, the plays, and the architecture more valuable than the old. As a matter of fact,
of these lands. Down in the Libyan desert, in the general restlessness many new religions
here and there, were colonies of soldiers, whose were being welcomed with open hands. In the
wives in
many
instances came from the old Greek first century before the Christian era, and par-
home, whose children were taught by the old ticularly in the century immediately sequent,
methods and read the old literature. In Syria, Isis and Mithra were worshipped to an extent
too, and Palestine there were flourishing Hel- only revealed by recent studies, and with rites


112
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
and ceremonies so strikingly akin to many fea- stance, a brief chapter on art, including the
tures of Christian usage that no reader can lesser arts such as coin-engraving and gem-
escape the significance of the similarity. In cutting, might well have been included. Even
connection with other systems of religion or phil- | if no new chapters had been added, there should
osophy a mystic asceticism had already invaded have been inserted about three good maps.
many parts of this troubled world. These and Furthermore, an air of finality in statement does
other allied symptoms make it perfectly clear not always carry finality of conviction, and this
that we have reached the period when the field latter finality we not infrequently miss, as we
was ready for the seed of some great religion also miss a comprehensively unifying exposition
which should combine mysticism and ethical that should set the whole period before the
doctrine, which should give the world “ morality reader with the compelling hand of a great mas
suffused with emotion." Here, then, we have
Here, then, we have ter. One may admit the difficulties appurtenant
the fulness of time for Christianity, and our to the nature of the subject and still demand a
period shades off into other phases of the pro more satisfactory treatment. Any discussion of
gress of mankind.
differences about particular minor conclusions
Since the appearance of Droysen's “Ges we must forego, and, in any case, such differ-
chichte des Hellenismus," in 1836, there has ences are as often an indication of an author's
been no lack of German publications on post- soundness as of his error. We have said that
classical Greece; but readable works in English Professor Mabaffy is an eager and earnest
have not been numerous. Accordingly Pro scholar and a charming writer, and that his
fessor Mabaffy has performed during the last works are well worth reading; but we cannot
thirty years a real service, which the English- escape the thought that in the present instance
reading public has been glad to acknowledge. a good book might have been better. However,
Nor has his helpfulness been in any way lim “The Silver Age of the Greek World” has come
ited to popularizing the result of German or from the author's hand when his advanced age
other investigation, for he has been a pains- is crowded with honors, and will doubtless hold
taking searcher as well as a ready interpreter. its place with British and American readers
His « Greek Life and Thought from Alexander through many years.
to the Roman Conquest” appeared in 1877, to Such a prediction does not imply that a new
be followed thirteen years later by his “Greek treatment by Professor Mahaffy or some other
World under Roman Sway.” The “Silver Age historian will not be needed in the near future,
of the Greek World” is intended to replace the for discoveries throwing light on our period
latter work, now out of print, “in a inaturer following one another in thick succession. In-
and better form with much new material super- deed, there is probably no other segment of Greek
added.” Professor Mahaffy's books are always history for which research will do so much,
agreeable reading, easy and pleasant” is the and it is pleasing to know that the research
phrase that presents itself immediately to one's is being prosecuted most zealously. Buried
pen,- and from their perusal much instruction remains of public and private buildings on the
is to be gained as well as much information. sites of centres of population, ruins of villas in
His well-known fondness for drawing parallels the rural parts, inscriptions, coins, even mummy
between the period under treatment and our own wrappings and heaps of discarded papers, are
day never loses its attractiveness, nor indeed its contributing to the thrills of the excavator and
usefulness, -pace
the school which denies the the subsequent solid knowledge of the student.
existence of analogies in history, — and only the Mr. Punch speaks somewhere of “ a nice fat
length of this notice enables us to refrain from book, tastefully presented,” and we should like
quotation. One might enumerate many other to borrow the phrase. Four hundred and eighty-
merits; but it may be more useful to touch upon two rather thick pages imply the fatness, and
.a few grounds for difference. Surely the old the remainder of the description is equally perti-
name, which is placed at the head of this nent. The plain brown cover,
bearing a beauti-
review, should have been retained for the new ful head of Alexander with the horn of Ammon,
edition, inasmuch as it was accurately descrip- induces a favorable attitude before one opens
tive, whereas most of us think of the Silver Age the book. Inside, one finds an easily legible
of the Greek World as falling decidedly earlier. type and the signs of good workmanship, al-
The expectations aroused by the preface are though in too many instances the proofreader's
rather satisfactorily met, although we should eye has failed him. An index of twenty-two
have welcomed more new material. For in-pages, trustworthy as far as tested, adds materi-
те
.


1906.]
113
THE DIAL
ally to the usefulness of the work. Taking it years. Ulrich, in the meanwhile, knowing nothing
all in all, we may say that the publishers have of his friend's guilty relations with the widow of the
given the public a book of real value as to mat slain, offers himself to her in marriage, and is
ter without neglecting the form.
accepted. They have been united for some time
F. B. R. HELLEMS.
when Leo returns to his home, and at this point the
story opens, for all that we have thus far related
transpires gradually as we pursue the fortunes of
the two friends. Here, then, is the situation. Leo
RECENT FICTION.*
is all the time conscious of the dark shadow of guilt
Some twelve years after the date of its original that separates him from Ulrich. The latter, wholly
publication, we now have a translation of Herr unsuspecting, seeks to reknit the old relations, yet
Sudermann's “Es War.” The English version,
must defer to the stubborn fact that his wife had
which is carelessly made, is the work of Miss been made a widow by the deed of his friend. And
Beatrice Marshall, and “The Undying Past” is now for a word about the woman, Felicitas, as the
substituted for the grim brevity of the German author has ironically named her. She is a beauti-
title. This novel is probably the best that the author ful animal, made dangerously seductive by the pos-
has written, and is possibly (unless we except “Jörn session of a high degree of intelligence, essentially
Uhl”) the strongest work that German fiction has selfish and shallow, yet capable of feigning the
produced since the two great masterpieces of the utmost humility and the deepest emotion. Her old
veteran Paul Heyse. It is a work which, in con passion for her husband's friend is revived upon
his
struction, characterization, and deep ethical interest, return, and he, while vainly believing himself to be
is nothing less than masterly ; it holds the attention forever freed from its bondage, finds himself slowly
by strictly legitimate means, and leaves us with the yielding to the subtle influences with which she in-
feeling that we have been brought into close relations vests his life. The substance of the book is the
with a group of real men and women, sinning and struggle between these two characters — her strug-
suffering in accordance with the sternest verities of gle to bring him back into the old sinful relation,
human existence. The scene of the story is East
his to banish her from his thought, and purify his
Prussia that region of belated feudalism — and soul by repentance and expiation. The issue comes
the setting is agricultural. Two landed proprietors near to being a tragical one in the sense of the
have grown up from childhood with the love of theatre; in the psychological sense it is tragical
David and Jonathan. Leo is a magnificent speci- throughout the course of the narrative. It is morally
men of physical manhood, with rich vitality and refreshing to find the problem of sin and its atone
uncontrolled passions. Ulrich is frail of constitution,
ment handled in this virile fashion. For once we
keeping alive by sheer force of will, and embodying have a book in which sin is envisaged in all its hide-
the loftiest idealism in thought and action. Leo, ousness, and not lossed over with sentimentalisms
having been detected in an intrigue with the wife about the weakness of poor human nature, or even
of a nobleman of the neighborhood, is challenged by made alluring of aspect, as is frequently the modern
the injured husband to a duel, slays his opponent,
novelist's fashion. We have not often had read to
is sentenced to a term of imprisonment, and, after us a sterner lesson of the way in which our sins
his release, goes to South America for a period of pursue us, of how retributive justice abates to the
*THE UNDYING Past. By Hermann Sudermann. Translated
sinner no jot of the suffering that the moral order
by Beatrice Marshall. New York: John Lane Co.
of the world decrees for him. Here is a book which
THE MYSTERY OF THE LOST DAUPHIN. By Emilia Pardo
makes our admired English and American novelists
Bazán. Translated from the Spanish by Annabel Hord Seeger.
New York: The Funk & Wagnalls Co.
of the day (with two or three exceptions) seem no
BEMBO: A TALE OF ITALY. By Bernard Capes. New York: more than artificers of puppets, pulling their strings
for our entertainment. It is a tonic book, calculated
THE FLOWER OF FRANCE. By Justin Huntly McCarthy.
New York: Harper & Brothers.
to impress uncomfortably the easy-going conscious-
THE SPHINX'S LAWYER. By Frank Danby. New York: The ness, yet a work of such varied interest and artistic
Frederick A. Stokes Co.
skill that it can hardly fail to attract a host of
FOLLY By Edith Rickert.
Taylor Co.
readers.
THE SIN OP GEORGE WARRENER. By Marie Van Vorst. New Whenever a new translation of a novel by Señora
York: The Macmillan Co.
Bazán is published, someone seems to find it neces-
THE ETERNAL SPRING. By Neith Boyce. New York: Fox,
Duffield & Co.
sary to introduce the author in terms that would
THE AWAKENING OF HELENA RICHIE. By Margaret Deland. make of her one of the greatest of modern writers.
New York: Harper & Brothers.
In the case of “The Mystery of the Lost Dauphin,”
THE INVISIBLE BOND. By Eleanor Talbot Kinkead. New
York: Moffat, Yard & Co.
for example, we are bidden to think of her as supe-
CONISTON. By Winston Churchill. New York: The Macmil rior to George Eliot and comparable with Tourgué-
lan Co.
IN THE SHADOW. By Henry C. Rowland. New York: D. Apple-
nieff. This is all very unfortunate, and does much
ton & Co.
injustice to an estimable writer whose fluent and
SANDY FROM THE SIERRAS. By Richard Barry. New York:
industrious literary activity deserves a reasonable
Moftat, Yard & Co.
THE COLONEL OF THE RED HUZZARS. By John Reed Scott.
meed of praise, but not such eulogiums as these. A
Philadelphia: The J. B.'Lippincott Co.
more possible comparison would be with George
E. P. Dutton & Co.
New York:
The Baker &


114
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
romance,
Sand, although the Spanish woman could not fairly and “downed all opposition,” and is cheaply senti-
be accorded more than a fractional measure of the mental or sensational from first to last. Mr. Mc-
distinction achieved by that prototype. This par-Carthy bases his narrative chiefly upon Dom
ticular version of the imagined history of the Dau- Gregory's supposed paraphrase of Alain Chartier's
phin has a romantic atmosphere of hopeless unreality, lost rhyming chronicle, and makes Lahire, next to
and arouses only a languid sort of interest. The the Maid herself, the most conspicuous figure in the
German watch-maker Naundorff is the particular
pretender whose claims are here espoused — whether A clever woman who uses her talent perversely is
with real or only assumed seriousness we are unable about what we have learned to think of the writer
to say. He figures as a person of incredible suffer who calls herself “Frank Danby." Her new novel
ings and superhuman magnanimity, and the history is entitled “The Sphinx's Lawyer," and from its
of his fortunes fairly reeks with sentimentalism. dedication to one who “hates and loathes " both
The love interest is provided by his daughter (the book and subject, we are led to anticipate no very
image of Marie Antoinette) and a young French agreeable offering in the pages that follow. Not to
noble who woos her before he knows anything of put too fine a point upon the matter, the writer has
her exalted lineage.
sought, in the name of sentimentalism, which she
“ Bembo: A Tale of Italy” is the legend upon prefers to call pity, to glorify the character of the
the title-page. To be more specific, we will say
that ſate Oscar Wilde. This she attempts in a curiously
the tale is of Galeazzo Maria Sforza, tyrant of Milan, original manner. In the book he is named Algernon
who met a just death at the hands of three assassins Hazeltine, but appears only as a memory. His life
the morning after Christmas, 1476. In its essence as has ended in disgrace long before the novel begins,
a work of art, however, the tale is purely imaginative, but a widow has been invented for him (the
for its central figure is a creature of the author's “Sphinx” of the title), and a little coterie of de-
own fancy, projected upon the background of renais voted friends who hold his memory sacred. Among
sance splendor and corruption. This figure is of a these friends is the hero (if we may so style so sorry
saintly child, a spiritual being all song and religious a specimen of humanity) of the present narrative,
rapture, who journeys to the court of Milan charged a lawyer by profession and a degenerate by nature.
with a self-imposed mission to preach the gospel of During the course of the novel, he is to a certain
sweetness and light and love. Every student of extent redeemed by the love of the pure and beau-
renaissance history knows that the period was one tiful woman who becomes his wife, which seems to
of strange contradictions, of sensibility and bestiality suggest as a moral the notion that no man can be
conjoined, of mysticism and materialism, of indul. quite hopelessly depraved. One does not often,
gence in the most violent passions and devotion to even in the modern novel, find himself in company
the most exalted ideals. It is, then, only one con quite as disagreeable as that with which this book
tradiction the more to find the child-rhapsodist of is peopled.
our author's creation taken to the heart of the court Another novel of almost equally unpleasant char-
which he comes to chide, and made the tyrant's own acter is Miss Edith Rickert's “Folly." Thus
confidant and minister. Under this gentle influence, appropriately named is the heroine, a woman who
saintliness becomes the fashion, and the most besotted abandons her husband to spend with a lover of for-
lives exhibit tokens of grace. This condition of mer days the last months of his plague-stricken life.
things does not last, of course, and the end is tragedy The lover is a poet, whereas the husband is only a
not merely the righteous tragedy of the despot's country squire of stolid respectability, which we
taking-off, but the well-nigh intolerable tragedy of presume the writer holds a sufficient artistic justi-
the child's starvation in a dungeon. Mr. Capes has fication for the conduct of her heroine. So we are
produced in this moving and opulent work something whisked away from Surrey to the obscure Spanish
that comes near to being a masterpiece. He has town where the poet has hidden himself in his mortal
entered into the inmost spirit of the
age, embodied
agony. After his death, Folly tries to patch up her
its form and pressure in firmly-moulded types, and shattered life by engaging in philanthropic activities,
robed them in a garb of richly-embroidered diction. and in the end becomes reconciled to her deserted
His style recalls, now that of Browning, now that of husband, who receives her with no word of reproach.
Sir George Meredith, yet we should be less than fair This is one of those books that deliberately enlist
in describing it as imitative of anybody. And what our sympathies on the side of wrong-doing, yet
a pleasure it is to come upon a new work of fiction maintain throughout a hypocritical pose in defence
that has style of any
sort!
of morality, which assume that any
aberration
may
To turn from this creation to Mr. McCarthy's be justified by passion and assured of a comfortable
mechanical fabrication, “The Flower of France," forgiveness after all is said and done.
is to make a descent indeed. It is melancholy to In “The Sin of George Warrener" Miss Van
contrast this version of the story of the Maid of Vorst depicts for us with remorseless truthfulness
Orleans with what might have been wrought out of a type of woman who certainly exists, although for
the same theme by the author of “Bembo.” We the honor of her sex we may hope that she is not of
need not waste much time upon a production that frequent occurrence. She is the woman of absolute
exhibits such appalling vulgarisms as “won out” selfishness, unconscious in her depravity because she


1906.]
115
THE DIAL
for among
has no standards of thought or conduct, caring only and dangerously inclined to urge excuses for what-
for the tawdry aspects of life, who finally drags her ever the individual finds it pleasant to do. It is a
self and her husband into the abyss of misery. In story that has seldom been told as appealingly and
other words, the story is the old pitiful one of a poor with such conscience-searching effect as in “The
woman's effort to ape the ways of the wealthy, and Awakening of Helena Richie,” Mrs. Deland's latest
of the sacrifices (merging into crime) made by her and best novel. The scene is Old Chester, in which
husband for the furtherance of her ignoble ambition. retreat Mrs. Richie lives a secluded life, believed to
It is a hateful theme, and no touch of its sordidness be a widow. In point of fact, her husband is not
and vulgarity has been spared us by the writer. dead, although he has been drinking himself into the
This unflinching realism, combined with a certain
grave for a dozen or more years. Moreover, the re-
forcefulness of presentation, impels a reluctant sort puted brother who makes her occasional visits is not
of admiration for the book, despite a diction that is her brother at all, but an old-time lover. The chief
slovenly to the point of exasperation.
agency in her awakening is an orphan boy of Old
By way of evidence that women's novels are not Chester, whom she takes into her charge, and to
always disagreeable, we have Mrs. Hutchins Hap whom she becomes passionately devoted. The
good's “The Eternal Spring.” Turning to this book awakening proceeds still further when she hears
from the three just described is like escaping from of the death of her dissolute husband, and discovers
the malaria-laden atmosphere of a swamp to the pure that her lover is disinclined to fulfil his old pledge of
air of the uplands. Barry Carleton, having forsaken marriage, now that a legal union is made possible.
that "aggregation of about two million more or less The final stage of the awakening comes when her
interesting and lawless citizens ” which is Chicago, history is disclosed to the village clergyman and
goes to Italy for a period of relief from the nerve physician, and with the disclosure the startling
racking life that he has been living. He seeks an knowledge that they no longer consider her a fit
old friend in a Florentine villa, a widow whom he person to have charge of the child. The pathos of
had once loved and for whom he fancies himself to the situation is now strained almost to the point of
retain the old feeling, and receives a warm welcome. becoming intolerable, but her contrition is so genuine
But the fancied love is soon replaced by a real one, that she is at last permitted to take the child with
the guests at the villa is a young woman her when she leaves Old Chester to seek a new home.
who looks “exactly like a Lippo Lippi Madonna.” This is the bare outline of a very beautiful and im-
Lest the romantic consummation should be too pressive story, made out of comparatively simple
quickly reached, the author casts a shadow over this materials, but having in it the essence of spiritual
young woman's life -- the terror of a possible hered tragedy. The child, with his quaint conceits and
itary taint-
for she has been brought up to believe theological conundrums, is simply adorable, and the
that her father had died insane. As a matter of book exhibits no greater triumph than that of his
fact, he had died as the result of a duel in defence delineation. The depiction of the recalcitrant lover,
of his outraged honor, and the pleasant invention of also, is altogether admirable for its truth to life and
insanity had been devised by the selfish widow as a its justice to his character. The clergyman, and the
means of protecting her own reputation. When this physician, too, are delightfully human and genuine.
is made clear to the heroine, the scruples that have As for the erratic youth who takes his own life when
halted her decision disappear, and she yields to he discovers that his idol is of clay, we feel that he
Carleton's solicitations. The story is told with fresh is a comparative failure, artistically speaking; he
ness and charm, in parts almost with distinction. arouses so little of our sympathy that his demise is
The parts of the simple plot are nicely adjusted, and hardly a cause for regret.
there is an effective dramatic climax in the scene Another woman's novel, far above the average of
that forces from the reluctant mother the unpala- excellence, a leisurely story written with singular
table truth.
nobility of temper and inspired by a very fine ideal
Helena Richie was a woman who claimed the of conduct, is “The Invisible Bond," by Miss Kin-
right to happiness without taking account of the kead. It is a story of the Kentucky which the writer
social cost. Selfish, not in the narrow sense, but in knows so well, of the society whose traditions of
the broad sense which may be so plausibly defended, gentle breeding and honorable obligation have been
she had not learned the lesson that no one may live her birthright. It is essentially the old story of a
for himself alone without working mischief to society, man and two women, the wrong woman whom he
and that personal happiness is too dearly bought at marries, and the right woman who is the true com-
the cost of those principles of conduct upon which panion of his soul. But the situation involves us in
social welfare depends. Her awakening was to a no sophistical paltering with right. The man accepts
realization of the implications of her self-regarding the consequences of his mistake, not indeed without
conduct, and to a sense of her guilt, with the conse a struggle, for he is a human being, but with the
quence that her steps were at last directed to the conviction that the moral law is inexorable in its
stony path of penitence and renunciation. It is a demand for the sacrifice of individual happiness. In
story as old as Christian civilization (and older), but the end, the death of the woman who has wronged
it needs often to be told anew, and more than ever him loosens “the invisible bond,” and he is free to
in such an age as ours, marked by moral flabbiness, follow the dictates of his desire. This sweet and


116
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
wholesome tale, although by no means devoid of religious enthusiast, and a welcome guest in many
dramatic excitement, has nevertheless a tranquiliz- English homes. His ambition is to become the
ing effect
upon
the mind; it seems somehow to have leader of his people, and, when the time seems ripe
a life apart from the sickly everyday world, and to for the effort, he equips himself for the enterprise,
breathe an air of its own, pure and uninfected by and makes an armed descent upon the Haytian
the malaria of most current fiction.
coast. The enterprise failing, he becomes a fugitive,
Mr. Churchill's “ Coniston” is clearly marked for goes to South Carolina, hides in a swamp, and be
the distinction of a “best seller,” and, as such, is comes a victim of the negro-baiting mob. It will
fated to suffer both extremes of injudicious criticism. be seen from this brief account that the story is not
The thoughtless section of the public, looking at the devoid of action, yet its chief interest, after all, is
immediate vogue of such a novel, and finding that psychological. The author has given us a study of
everyone is reading and talking about it, is sure to the negro mind and temperament, based upon the
acclaim it as a masterpiece and praise it with an theory that he is by race incapable of real civilization,
extravagant array of terms. Thoughtful but over and that whatever external marks of civilization he
fastidious readers, on the other hand, outraged by may acquire are but the merest veneering of the
such excessive laudation, are equally certain to ex primitive brute nature. This view is here presented
aggerate its defects, and visit it with too severe a in a form far too exaggerated to win the acceptance
condemnation. In a case like this, the middle course of any reader not hopelessly prejudiced in advance.
is the fair one, and a sober estimate will give the We simply refuse to admit that the magnificent
book due recognition for its idealism, its close obser- specimen of cultivated manhood who appears in the
vation, and its genuine human interest, while not opening chapters can be one and the same person
ignoring its incoherent structure, its superficial char with the cowering wretch who makes his exit from
acterization, its long-windedness, its affected pose, the stage at the close of the book.
and its slovenly diction. As popular fiction goes, The boy "who has it in him” is the subject and
“Coniston” is certainly a story of remarkable hero of Mr. Richard Barry's “Sandy from the
effectiveness, and there is more of sincerity than of Sierras.”
Sierras.” At the age of twelve, Sandy throttles a
insincerity in the art by which the effects are reached. black snake with his hands, and some score of years
It is clearly a localized novel, based upon recogniz- later he throttles an iniquitous political combina-
able conditions and personalities; but the author tion and elects an honest man to the Senate of the
protests against being taken too literally, and has United States. These episodes delimit his career as
doubtless blurred many details in order that his far as recorded; between them lies the boy's varied
picture might not be too definitely ascribed to a experience as country school teacher, newsboy, law-
particular locality. Nevertheless, the average reader yer's clerk, star reporter, amateur detective, and
can hardly help fixing New Hampshire in his mind machine politician. San Francisco is the scene, and
as the scene of action, and, if familiar with the the author has a better command of journalistic
political history of that commonwealth, will doubt slang than of literary English. There is a young
less be able to name the prototype of the political woman involved, of course, and Sandy wins her by
boss with whose career the story is chiefly concerned. an original plan of campaign.
The figure of Jethro Bass is typical of the corrupt The never-ending procession of “Zenda” romances
and masterful politician everywhere, and he is real is now recruited by “The Colonel of the Red Huz-
ized with singular vividness in these pages. As the zars,” a romantic invention by Mr. John Reed Scott.
leading figure in a popular novel, it was necessary The Kingdom of Valeria is the scene of the action,
that he should be sentimentalized, and this Mr. and is represented as a first-class power, instead of
Churchill has done, perhaps overdone. Jethro's being tucked away among the convenient recesses of
affection for his adopted daughter may be allowed the Balkans. The princess is of the usual type, but
as genuine, but his gnawings of remorse when he the American hero has the advantage of actual kin-
realizes her condemnation of his practices must be ship with the royal family, and does not have to
set down to the account of dramatic artifice rather depend for advancement upon an accidental facial
than to that of creative characterization. And we resemblance or mere physical prowess. The open-
are not exactly satisfied that the young woman's hearted enthusiasm with which he is accepted, upon
happiness should result from a corrupt bargain be his arrival in Valeria, by both King and Princess,
tween the boss and the representative of the railway is really touching. He at once replaces the wicked
interests. The situation is cleverly managed, but heir presumptive in royal favor, and is made a
it puts a severe strain upon our sympathies. colonel, a marshal, an archduke, and several other
“In the Shadow," by Mr. Henry C. Rowland, is a things without the least difficulty. The Princess is
novel that opens in an English country house, then particularly generous, for the fact that she detects
takes us to the island of Hayti, and eventually comes him in the act of placing a surreptitious kiss upon
to a tragic ending in South Carolina. This variety the cheek of the English ambassador's fair daughter
of stage-setting is made possible by the fortunes of does not in the least check the ardor of her love.
one Aristide Dessalines, a Haytian negro, who is But the wicked heir presumptive has several cards
the hero of the romance. He is a man of wealth up his sleeve, one of them being an American
and education, an Oxford student, something of a | adventuress suborned to appear at the court of Val-


1906.]
117
THE DIAL
save.
eria and claim the hero for her husband. This makes son, much of this being a kind of homily on the
trouble for a time, as do certain annoying attempts virtues of saving, with advice on how and when to
at assassination, but the villain is duly unmasked
The parting injunction of both books is em-
and discomfited. The adventuress is managed very phatically in favor of the purchase of life insurance
ingeniously. As she pretends to be the archduke's as a means of protection, but not as a means of sav-
wife, he gives orders that, since her claim makes ing. Both volumes unqualifiedly favor the plain and
her a subject of the king, she shall not be permitted simple forms of life insurance, free of extraneous
to leave the capital, and she appeals in vain to the features intended to mislead the policyholder into
good offices of the American ambassador to secure the notion that he is getting much more than he puts
her freedom. Finally, there is an intimate inter in. “Straight life insurance," with dividends annu:
view between the adventuress and the heir presump- ally declared and annually taken, are found to be
tive, of which the king, the archduke, and the far more favorable to the policyholder than any
princess are concealed witnesses. Thus does con other type of protection. “How to Buy Life In-
spiracy get its deserts and virtue its reward. The surance," as a practical guide to the policyholder
story is a capital one of its kind.
desirous of figuring out for himself the real cost of
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. his insurance and of choosing between rival com-
panies, ought to be found of substantial value by
the busy man, because of the comparative tables
and specimen blanks given in the appendix. These
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
could be considerably improved upon in certain
Two books on
In consequence of the unusual in respects, but they are a distinct advance over what
a timely and
has been furnished by most other books on the sub-
terest in insurance questions pro-
vital subject.
duced by the revelations lately made ject. It should be said of both these works that
concerning irregular management of some of the they hardly live up to the object they set before
themselves. Both are at certain points unconsciously
greater companies, a large popular literature on the
subject is being brought into existence. There was
technical and obscure, requiring study in order to
already in printed form probably a more extensive
work out their meaning. This is particularly true
set of authorities on the subject than on almost any
of Mr. Dawson's book, which in its later drifts
pages
very
far
other technical question of business, finance, or
away from the ideal set in its earlier chap.
economics. This literature, however, consists largely
ters and evidently adopted by the author. It tends,
of works of reference dealing with the subject from
in places, to become distinctly a specialist's book.
a mathematical or technical standpoint. Most of
There is less to said on this score of “How to Buy Life
the additions which are now being made are of
Insurance," but that work, nevertheless, as already
popular character intended for the instruction of the suggested, must be found wanting in that it occasion-
ally mistakes preaching for clear and plain exposition,
average man unlearned in higher mathematics or in
the minuter details of finance and banking. Their
It is not too much to say that both volumes will find
value must be judged, therefore, very largely by the
a distinct place, and will be of service in educating
standard which the new movement has set up for
the public to a better knowledge of a business whose
itself. Examples of the recent effort to supply read-
nature has too long been misunderstood by the aver-
able material on life insurance are found in Mr.
age man, and which so readily leuds itself to frauds
Miles M. Dawson's “The Business of Life Insur-
and impositions upon the public.
(Barnes), and in the smaller volume “How
When a man has written a book
to Buy Life Insurance” (Doubleday) by "Q. P.” A Southerner's which, within three or four years of
recollections.
Both these books are intended for general informa-
its first appearance, has passed into
tion and not for the use of specialists, Mr. Dawson's its fifteenth edition, it is safe to say that he cannot
being written for “the great public composed of write otherwise than interestingly, and that anything
persons, nearly all of whom purchase insurance on that comes from his pen is sure of a large and im
their lives”; while the other volume is written mediate reading. “The End of an Era,” which has
“ from the point of view of the policyholders, actual earned the happy recognition just mentioned, was
or prospective." Of the two books, Mr. Dawson's written from a wholly new point of view, and from,
(more than double the bulk of the companion work) it Mr. John S. Wise has told a story of the Civil War.".
goes far more thoroughly and scientifically into the as it unfolded itself before the
eyes
of a remarkably
subject in hand. He explains with much clearness observant lad, who had the good fortune to be the
the technical terms of life insurance, such as son of one of the most eminent men of the Virginiar.
“premium,” “surplus,” “reserve,” “loading,” and of that day, and to be one of that immortal band of
the like, giving a systematic and careful analysis of the cadets of the Virginia Military Institute whose,
the problems surrounding each of these features of experience has never been paralleled in history.
the business. Very much the same ground is Many of the qualities which rendered “ The End of
covered in “ How to Buy Life Insurance,” but in a
so absorbing and so valuable, are to be
far less inclusive and thorough way. The latter found in Mr. Wise's new book, " Recollections of
volume includes some matter not given by Mr. Daw Thirteen Presidents” (Doubleday, Page & Co.).
ance
an Era”


118
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
a
To these are added others which give to the con and are appreciative readers of Plato. The Cor-
servative reader a series of shocks not unlike those nishman's volume is somewhat arbitrarily divided
received from a too-close proximity to a well-charged into twelve chapters named after the twelve months.
electric battery. To understand it fully one must Cornish matters, so far as treated at all, are more
have either from experience, or trustworthy hearsay, particularly discussed in “ August ” and “Decem-
a large familiarity with the life of the Old Dominion, ber”; the other chapters handle at random literature
and the spirit which governed the men of a past and life and politics and education. The writer's
generation, and one must understand a vast deal of unenthusiastic estimate of “our modern bards of
the politics which have made possible such a change empire,” whom he finds lacking in high seriousness
in party affiliation as that to which Mr. Wise con and any recognition of the human soul, is to be noted
fesses. The book
opens
with child's recollections with approval. In the sober month of November he
of an old friend and neighbor, John Tyler, in just indulges in reflections on this human soul's ultimate
defense of whose policy is given this passage: destiny, but offers an argument for believing in its
“How can a man be a traitor to principles he never es-
immortality which can hardly be taken seriously.
poused? Tyler never was a Whig. He never pretended to Much as Othello declares to Iago that he who is
be anything but a Democrat. He was not nominated as a
robbed without knowing it is not robbed at all, so
Whig, but as an Anti-Spoils Democrat, in coalition with
Whigs and other disaffected Democrats, the object being to
Mr. Quiller-Couch would have us all believe heartily
attract still other Democrats to the coalition in numbers in a future existence and get what comfort we can
sufficient to defeat the organization Democrats who advocated from the belief, since if we are cheated we shall
the doctrine .To the Victors belong the Spoils.' . . . It was
never know it. This reasoning will be persuasive
demanding too much of Tyler to insist that, upon other ques-
tions about which he had never agreed with Whig doctrine,
when irredeemable paper money circulates at par,
he should abandon the convictions of a lifetime, and approve
but not before. A new view as to the essential ele-
measures merely because General Harrison, if he had lived, ment in poetry or rather, perhaps, a restatement
would have registered the dictates of the Whig autocrat
of Emerson's theory – is contained in a discussion
Clay."
of Mr. Meredith's scanty yield of verse, 80 “ harsh
Because of a thousand things the chapter on Jefferson
and crabbed.” Why, asks the essayist, do we reckon
Davis is the most interesting in the book. Opinions Mr. Meredith a poet, and why do we place Coleridge
concerning this man have varied, and will vary,
alongside of Wordsworth and Byron, yet feel no
from those that regard him as the highest embodi- impropriety? “Because,” he replies, “ Coleridge
ment of all the South fought for in the heroic past,
and Meredith both have a philosophy of life: and
to those of men in whose eyes he was a traitor sec-
he who has a philosophy may write little or much.
ond only to Judas, — and it may well be that the
Poetry (as I have been contending all my
historian of a dispassionate future may find in Mr. life) has one right background and one only: and
Wise's sympathetic sketch of his “Lost Leader” that background is philosophy. You say Coleridge
some things which had otherwise not been known.
and Meredith are masculine." I ask, Why are they
It is certain that he strikes a true note when he says:
inasculine? The answer is, They have philosophy.”
" It is all easy enough now to see that the Nation is greater | Despite occasional dull pages in these random out-
two nations had been formed from it. But much of its great pourings, our popular story-teller “Q” is worth
ness is the result of the great war, and it would not have reading in his more serious moods.
achieved it if the war had not happened. It is easy,
too, to
moralize now about the way the conflict might have been
A stout volume “ Reconstruction
An account of
avoided but for the ambitious designs of this man or that, or Reconstruction in in South Carolina,” by Mr. John S.
this set of men or that. Undoubtedly it might have been South Carolina. Reynolds of the Supreme Court Lib-
avoided if men had been angels. But the quarreling over the
things that led to the war had gone on so long, and had been
rary, comes to us from the State Company, Columbia,
Bo acrimonious, that a good blood-letting was the only way to
S.C. Evidently interest in South Carolina history
put an end to it.”
is not waning. The colonial and revolutionary his-
It is hardly conceivable that any American can tory of the State has been thoroughly written by
agree with all of Mr. Wise's views of the men who competent historians, there is at least one good ac-
have stood at the head of the Republic. To some
count of the State before 1861, and the present
of the opinions he sets down, it is to be devoutly volume covers completely its political history from
hoped that he alone holds fast. The taste displayed 1865 to 1877. Beginning with a rather brief sketch
as often a bit more than questionable, and there are of the provisional government set up by President
many signs of hasty and ill-considered writing. It Johnson, the author next exhibits in detail the work-
cán, however, never be called a dull book, or one ings of the administrations of the “carpetbagger”
lacking in a fine sense of patriotism.
Governor Scott, of Governor Moses the “ renegade
secessionist," and of Governor Chamberlain the “re
Mr. Quiller-Couch's “From a Cor-
Essays of a
form" Republican. One chapter is devoted to the
Cornish nish Window" (Dutton) is not an Ku Klux trials, another to the disgusting story of
imitation of Mr. Benson's recent the public frauds," and two chapters to the elec-
book of almost identical title, except that both books tion of Hampton in 1876, the bargain with the
are reflective and discursive, and both authors are Washington administration, and the overthrow of
interested in poetry and philosophy and education, the rule of the carpetbagger” and the negro. Mr.
on
novelist.


1906.]
119
THE DIAL
Reynolds has unusual qualifications for writing the present volume extended from 1825 to 1862, and in-
history of that chaotic period; he was an observer cluded the rectorate of the Rev. Dr. William Berrien.
of much about which he writes, he knew many of New York in those days was decidedly provincial,
the leaders of the opposing forces, and he is familiar in striking contrast with its metropolitan character
with the periodical and pamphlet literature from since 1876. It is remarkable that in the early for-
which the history of the Reconstruction must largely ties, under the conditions which then existed, the
be drawn. It is much to be regretted that he did parish should have accepted as the design for a
not see fit to indicate for the benefit of other students parish church building, and should have erected in
the sources from which he drew his information. accordance with that design, one of the few really
This defect is partly remedied by the reprinting of good (architecturally) buildings in America. Yet
numerous documents which are of value in throwing of this important incident in parochial history, as
light on obscure conditions of the time. Another of some others, the notice taken in this volume is
objection to the writer's method is that he packs his inadequate and disappointing. Some day the his-
volume with lists of names most of which have no tory of this remarkable parish will be resumed to
great significance. This, again, is offset by the numer embrace the most brilliant period of all, — the pres-
ous sketches of the local leaders of Reconstruction. ent rectorate, that of the distinguished editor of this
Nowhere else can be obtained the information here series. In this latter period the parish has been
found in regard to the character, motives, etc., of engaged in far better things than pamphlet wars, and
the radical and democratic local politicians. Though warding off repeated attacks upon its own integrity
the work is mainly political, there are pregnant para and that of its possessions; and has been wholly
graphs scattered throughout the book relating to the given to all good works. When the time shall
military rule, the Black Code," freak legislation, come for the history of this period to be written, let
negro militia, educational matters, riots, election us hope that the historian will
go
back over the con-
methods, tax payers' conventions, and other social tents of this fourth volume, and, using the material
and economic matters. The printing is well done, therein collated, will place it in its true historic
but the index is inadequate. The writer's temper perspective and in its proper relation to the times
is singularly placid, and, though he considers the now present.
“ reform” Governor Chamberlain a hypocrite and
Mr. A. C. Benson's volume on Wal-
fraud, he is at pains to point out the virtues of a
Aristippus
number of “scalawags” and “carpetbaggers" whose
ter Pater, in the “ English Men of
of Oxford.
merits have heretofore been obscured by the faults
Letters” series (Macmillan), besides
of their fellows, and whose fate it has been to suffer being a sympathetic study of a kindred spirit in
for the misdeeds of others.
literature, strikingly shows the infection that is so
readily caught from any prolonged reading of the
The task undertaken eight years ago works of a pronounced stylist. This imitation, un-
Trinity Parish,
New York, from by the venerable Rector of Trinity conscious no doubt, and hence the more sincerely
1825 to 1862.
Church, New York, of editing the complimentary, is manifest on almost every page.
documentary history of his parish from the earliest We open the book literally at random, and at the top
times to the year 1862 and the beginning of his of the left-hand page read this, in criticism of
rectorate, is now completed. Part IV. of <A His “ Apollo in Picardy”: “ The study is full of beauty
tory of the Parish of Trinity Church in the City of from end to end, beauty and strangeness side by
New York” (G. P. Putnam's Sons) has appeared, side. Yet it is hard not to feel a sort of distem-
and the set of four octavo volumes, beautifully pered, almost riotous, fancy at work under it all,
printed and richly illustrated with photogravure and there is a cloistered horror about it that reminds
portraits, views, and facsimiles of documents, is not one of the old monastic legend of the monk who
likely to be surpassed in outward appearance by any goes late into the dark church to recover a volume
parochial history in America. The first three vol that he had left there, and finds a strange merry
umes received due notice in these columns as they thing, in the habit of a priest, leaping all alone in
successively appeared ; and were recognized as a unholy mirth before the altar.” But this Pateresque
contribution to colonial, state, and municipal history, flavor makes the book all the more enjoyable to the
hardly less than to ecclesiastical, diocesan, and paro lover of Pater. We regret, but are not surprised,
.chial. The fourth volume is, however, more ex that the biographer has found so little, compara-
clusively parochial than any of the others. If the tively, to say about his hero as a man and a human
purpose of the editor and compiler, as stated in his being;. nearly all that there is to record having to.
introductory chapter, “has been rather to present do with the writer and thinker.
His works are
the material for a history, than to give a popular taken up chronologically for brief description and
narrative,” his purpose has been fulfilled. The pres- criticism, and thus the mind and heart of our Cy-
ent volume is made up chiefly of letters, of excerpts renaic philosopher are laid open to us. Sometimes
from the minutes of vestry meetings, of details of we may refuse to endorse Mr. Benson's opinion
special services held in Trinity Church; matters not as when he deplores the introduction of alien epi-
lacking in antiquarian interest, but of little interest sodes in “Marius,” since to him they have the effect
to the general reader. The period covered by the of pictures hung upon tapestry
- but these com-


120
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
British
ments contribute to our entertainment and to the minate with a new light works of art which other-
value of the book. The final chapter, “Personal wise would remain obscure to the uninitiated. It
Characteristics,” by including an account of Pater's is quite possible to look at famous pictures without
mode of work and remarks on his literary style, seeing them; to be conscious that some wonderful
manages to spin itself out to forty-three pages; but power lies hidden there, but not to know the charmed
one might wish that the author, largely dependent word to release it; to be bored when we know we
as he must be on others' remembrances of Pater, had ought to be enchanted. But once attain even a
drawn more freely on Mr. Edmund Gosse’s recol slight knowledge of the means by which the great
lections. On the whole, however, the book is to be artists produce their effects, once become interested
counted among the best of this excellent series. in the secrets of their beauty in form and color,-
and enjoyment is sure to follow hard upon under-
Sir Auckland Calvin’s volumeon“The standing. A book like this may and does help
influence Making of Modern Egypt” (Dutton) us in taking the first steps towards attaining the
in Egypt.
is a review of English administration power to see pictures in the fullest sense of the word,
in Egypt beginning with the occupation in 1882, - the power to decide for ourselves which are the
first regarded as temporary, and ending with the worthiest of our admiration. With growing powers
conclusion of the Anglo-French Convention of 1904 of appreciation will arrive that whole-hearted en-
by which France withdrew her opposition to English joyment that gives painting, and indeed all art, its
occupation of the country. It differs from Lord fascination for most of us. The suggestions and
Milner's "England in Egypt” in being more of a principles offered by continual references in the text
consecutive narrative of incidents, but at the same to the world's masterpieces are to be highly com-
time lacks the brilliancy of style that characterizes mended to the foreign traveller and to the student
Lord Milner's essays. The narrative constitutes a of pictures from their pictorial side rather than from
story of splendid achievement, - of financial chaos,
of financial chaos, their historical or archæological interest. There are
administrative confusion, and industrial stagnation thirty-five full-page illustrations, covering the long
transformed into order, system, and progress. The stretch of time from Giotto to Whistler and Sargent.
story of this almost marvellous transformation is a
remarkable tribute to the patience, sagacity, and
Under the careful editorship of Pro-
The journal of
fessor F. H. Hodder, of Kansas
perseverance of Lord Cromer, who, almost alone of a Forty-niner.
all his early associates and subordinates, still remains
University, the series of interesting
at the head of the Egyptian administration after
travel narratives issued by the Arthur H. Clark Co.
twenty years of service. The secret of his success,
has been increased by the publication of “ Audubon's
says the author, has been, not so much his extraor-
Western Journal,” which affords a most entertain-
dinary capacity for labor, his patience, or his ad- ing recital of just such experiences as most Forty-
ministrative skill, as his insight into native character
niners must have undergone in their overland journey
and his sympathy with the Egyptian. He has habit-
to the far West, together with trustworthy comments
ually looked at all questions as much as possible
upon natural features of the country and social
from the point of view of the Egyptian himself, and
peculiarities that only the appreciative artistic or
consequently has been able to acquire a larger share
observant scientific eye could see. Although Mr.
of native confidence than is usually accorded a
Audubon intended his notes for publication, this is
foreigner. Lord Lansdowne, in a recent tribute to
their first appearance in print, and we are grateful
Lord Cromer, declared that under his guidance Egypt
to Miss Maria R. Audubon for the very excellent
had advanced by rapid strides along the path of biographical memoir of her father which accompanies
financial and material prosperity. Altogether he
them. The introduction by Professor Hodder is a
said there was no more remarkable episode in recent
clear, concise, and consequently valuable, outline of
history than that which concerns the establishment
the course taken by Audubon and his adventurous
and the gradual development of British influence gold-seeking companions, enriched by the writer's
in that country
extensive knowledge of the history and geography
of the region through which the travellers passed.
Mr. Robert C. Witt's “How to Look Without some such introduction the journal, although
Art principles
defined for the at Pictures," first published in En full of interest because of its incidents, reflections
uninitiated. gland in 1902, has now been long upon personal mishaps, and close observations, would
enough before the public to prove its value and to lack historical perspective and the connecting links
ensure a welcome for the American edition just that make it now seem a continuous narrative in-
issued by Messrs. Putnam's Sons. While it is true stead of the chance jottings in a series of note-books.
that the art of seeing pictures is not contained in Some of the other features contributed by the editor
rules or formulæ, and that books alone can never are slight changes in spelling to conform to present-
teach æsthetic appreciation, nevertheless a book day usage, a first-class map to illustrate the direction
which takes up pictures from the craftsman's point of the journey, annotations here and there to explain
of view, so to speak, — which describes some of the obscure references, and a very comprehensive index.
artistic principles of light and shade, composition, On the whole the volume leaves nothing to be wished
color, line, atmosphere, etc., cannot fail to illu for, either in the editor's or the publisher's field.


1906.]
121
THE DIAL
naturalization
the
“The Legislative History of Natura “San Francisco through Earthquake and Fire,” by
A summary of
lization in the United States ” (Uni- Mr. Charles Keeler, occupies a noteworthy place in the
legislation. versity of Chicago Press), by Dr. advance guard of the literature descriptive of the great
disaster.
Frank George Franklin, Ph.D., is, as the title indi-
It is a pamphlet, with photographic illustra-
cates, mainly a summary of the debates in Congress
tions, published by Messrs. Paul Elder & Co.
“ The Memoirs of the Lord of Joinville" is the title
over the various naturalization bills between 1790
under which Miss Ethel Wedgwood gives us a new and
and 1860 an attempt, says the author, “to exhibit pleasing translation of one of the most fascinating hu-
the course of opinion thereon as it manifested itself
man documents of mediæval times. The work is hand-
in discussions, reports, and legislation at the central somely published, with illustrations, by Messrs. E. P.
forum of American political life.” There is also a Dutton & Co.
discussion of the opinions prevailing during the Messrs. Dodd, Mead & Co. have in preparation for
Revolutionary period concerning the status of citizens the fall « The Subjection of Isabel Carnaby," by Ellen
and aliens, a summary of the debates in the Phila Thorneycroft Fowler, a sequel to the author's former
delphia Convention on the Citizenship Clauses of story, “ Isabel Carnaby”; also, a new collection of
the Constitution, and a really valuable history of the
essays by Maurice Maeterlinck, author of " The Life of
a Bee,” the title of which will be « The Swarm."
rise of the opposition to our early liberal policy
Mr. F. Marion Crawford's new novel, “A Lady of
toward aliens, as that opposition was manifested in
Rome,” which will continue the adventures of the
the “Native American” and “Know Nothing"
soprano, “ Fair Margaret,” is in preparation for the fall
movements. Unfortunately, the scope of the work by the Macmillan Co. They have also in preparation
is too narrow to give it more than a very limited “White Fang," which is said to be the best work that Mr.
value to the student of citizenship. As a purely Jack London has done since « The Call of the Wild."
legislative history," however, there is little to criti “ Erichthonius and the Three Daughters of Cecrops,”
cise, except that it should be brought down to by Benjamin Powell, is issued in the “Cornell Studies
date so as to cover recent legislation.
in Classical Philology," published by the Macmillan
Co. The author of this doctoral thesis died a year ago,
and its publication has been superintended by the editors
of the series to which it belongs. There are a dozen
NOTES.
illustrative plates.
The “Oxford Higher French Series,” published by
Mr. S. R. Crockett will have ready for fall publica- Mr. Henry Frowde, gives us Lamartine’s “ Jocelyn,
tion a story of Spain and of France in the days of Philip
edited by M. Emile Legouis, and “Trois Grotesques,"
II., to be entitled “The White Plume of Navarre.”
by Théophile Gautier, edited by Mr. H. J. Chaytor. In
General Lew Wallace devoted the last years of his the Dent-Putnam series, “ Les Classiques Francais,”
life to the preparation of his Autobiography, which was there now appear “La Tulipe Noire," by Alexandre
practically complete at the time of his death. It will
Dumas, edited by M. Emile Faguet, and the “ Maximes”
be published this fall by Messrs. Harper & Brothers. of La Rochefoucauld, edited by M. Paul Souday.
One of the important autumn novels will be « The Geronimo, the famous Apache chief, has spent the
Dragon Painter," the new Japanese romance by Sidney past two years in writing his autobiography, which is to
McCall, author of “Truth Dexter” and “The Breath
be published by Messrs. Duffield & Company, New
of the Gods.” It will be published by Messrs. Little, York. By permission of the War Department and
Brown, & Co.
President Roosevelt, Mr. S. M. Barrett, Superintendent
The Library of Congress publishes a bibliography of of Schools at Lawton, Oklahoma, has been the me-
writings on the “ American Occupation of the Philippine dium through which the chief, now seventy-seven
Islands,” covering the years 1898-1903. This will be years of age, has told the story of his life and that of
found very useful by students of our rash experiment
his people.
in imperialism.
“ The Children's Heroes Series,” edited by Mr. John
“ First Steps in Muslim Jurisprudence,” by Messrs. Lang, is a new and very attractive venture in juvenile
Alexander David Russell and Abdullah al-ma'mun literature. The books are tastefully printed and bound,
Suhrawardy, is published by Messrs. Luzac & Co., Lon and have several colored illustrations each. The four
don. It gives us excerpts from the Arabic texts, with volumes now published are Livingstone, by Mr. Vautier
English translations and notes.
Golding; Captain Cook, by Mr. John Lang; Raleigh, by
Mr. Egerton R. Williams, Jr., the author of “ Hill Miss Margaret Duncan Kelly; and, best of all, Joan of
Towns of Italy,” has written an Italian romance of the Arc, by Mr. Andrew Lang. They are published in this
fourteenth century, “Ridolfo: The Coming of the country by Messrs. E. P. Dutton & Co.
Dawn," to be brought out by Messrs. A. C. McClurg Dr. Otto Jesperson's “Growth and Structure of the
& Co. this fall, with illustrations by Mr. Joseph C. English Language” (Leipzig: Teubner; New York:
Leyendecker.
Stechert) is an endeavor “to characterize the chief
Mr. Bram Stoker's “Reminiscences of Sir Henry | peculiarities of the English language, and to explain
Irving ” is now well under way, and the Macmillan Co. the growth and significance of those features in its
announce that in all probability the book will be pub-structure which have been of permanent importance."
lished on October 13, the anniversary of Irving's death. It is the work of a competent scholar, widely familiar
The two volumes will be fully illustrated with portraits with English and American literature, and written in
and views connected with the great actor's life. This the light of the most modern linguistic science. The
seems likely to prove one of the most widely read book is very compact in diction, and for that reason not
biographies of the year.
the easiest of reading.


122
(Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
ous romances.
Mr. Randall Parrish has dealt with the Fort Dear-
born massacre, the fighting in Virginia during the Civil
War, and the Conspiracy of Pontiac in his three previ-
The fourth, “ Bob Hampton of Placer:
A Tale of Two Soldiers of the Seventh,” to be published
in October, takes for its central historical theme the
troubles between the whites and Indians in Dakota dur-
ing the early seventies. The illustrations for the text
are from paintings by Mr. Arthur I. Keller.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 47 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
The Life of Oscar Wilde. By Robert Harborough Sherard.
With a Reprint of the Revolutionary article," Jacta Alea Est,"
by Jane Francesca Elgee. With portraits in photogravure,
etc., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 470. New York: Mitchell
Kennerley. $4.50 net.
Memoirs of the Count de Cartrle. With Introduction by
Frédérie Masson and Appendices and Notes by Pierre Amédée
Pichot. With photogravure portrait, large 8vo, gilt top,
uncut, pp. 249. John Lane Co.
Sophus Ruge et ses Vues sur Colomb. Par M. Henry Vig-
naud. 4to, pp. 10. Paris: Société des Américanistes. Paper.
GENERAL LITERATURE
From St. Francis to Dante: A Translation of All that Is of
Primary Interest in the Chronicle of the Franciscan Salimbene
(1221-1288), together with Notes from Other Medieval Sources.
By G. G. Coulton, M.A. Large 8vo, pp. 364. London: David
Nutt.
The Principles of English Verse. By Charlton M. Lewis.
12mo, gilt top, pp. 143. Henry Holt & Co. $1.50 net.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
Diary of John Evelyn, Esq., F.R.S. To which are added
a Selection from his Familiar Letters and the Private Corres-
pondence between Charles I. and Sir Edward Nicholas and
between Sir Edward Hyde (afterwards Earl of Clarendon) and
Sir Richard Browne. Edited from the original MSS. by Wil-
liam Bray, F.S.A. New Edition in 4 vols., with a Life of the
Author and a New Preface by Henry B. Wheatley, F.S.A.
Hlus. in photogravure, etc., large 8vo, gilt tops, uncut. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $12. net.
Plays of George Farquhar. Edited by William Archer. With
portrait, 18mo, gilt top, pp 455. “Mermaid Series." Charles
Scribner's Sons. $1. net.
Palestine and Syria, with the Chief Routes through Mesopo-
tamia and Babylonia. By Karl Baedeker. Fourth edition,
remodelled and augmented; with maps and plans, 16mo,
pp. 436. Charles Scribner's Sons. $3.60 net.
RELIGION AND THEOLOGY.
The Church and the Social Problem: A Study in Applied
Christianity. By Samuel Plantz. 12mo, pp. 356. Jennings &
Graham. $1.25 net.
The Throne-Room of the Soul: A Study in the Culture of
the Spiritual. By Carl G. Doney, Ph.D. 12mo, pp. 219. Jen-
nings & Graham. $1. net.
The Man and the Master. By James E. Freeman. 12mo,
pp. 127. New York: Thomas Whittaker. 75 cts. net.
The Sources of Tyndale's Version of the Pentateuch; A
Dissertation. By John Rothwell Slater. Large 8vo, pp. 56.
University of Chicago Press. Paper.
PUBLIC AFFAIRS.
Letters to a Chinese Official: Being a Western View of
Eastern Civilization. By William Jennings Bryan. 12mo,
uncut, pp. 97. McClure, Phillips & Co. 50 cts. net.
A History of the Northern Securities Case. By Balthasar
Henry Meyer, Ph.D. Large 8vo, uncut, pp. 342. “Economics
and Political Science Series." University of Wisconsin.
Paper, 60 cts.
NATURE.
Bombay Ducks : An Account of some of the Every-day Birds
and Beasts Found in a Naturalist's Eldorado. By Douglas
Dewar, F.Z.S. Illus., large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 304.
John Lane Co.
Boulder Reveries. By W. 8. Blatchley. Illus., 12mo, pp. 230.
Indianapolis: Nature Publishing Co. $1.10.
ART AND MUSIC.
Drawings of Leonardo da Vinci. With Introduction by C.
Lewis Hind. Illus. in tint, etc., 4to. Drawings of the Great
Masters." Charles Scribner's Sons. $2.50 net.
Music and Musicians. By Edward Algernon Baughan. 12mo,
gilt top, uncut, pp. 325. John Lane Co.
REFERENCE.
Subject Classification, with Tables, Indexes, etc., for the Sub-
division of Subjects. By James Duff Brown. 4to, pp. 428.
London: Library Supply Co.
Bibliography of Coöperative Cataloguing and the Printing
of Catalogue Cards (1850-1902). By Torstein Jahr and Adam
Julius Strohm. Large 8vo, pp. 116. Washington: Govern.
ment Printing Office. Paper.
EDUCATION.
Report of the Commissioner of Education, 1904. In 2 vols.,
large 8vo, pp. 1176. Washington: Government Printing Office.
Outlines of Ancient History for the Use of High Schools and
Academies. By William C. Morey, Ph.D. Illus., 12mo, pp. 550.
American Book Co. $1.50.
Lucian (Selected Writings). Edited by Francis G. Allinson.
8vo, pp. 265. Ginn & Co. $1.40.
Progressive Arithmetic. First, Second, and Third Books.
By William J. Milne, Ph.D. 12mo. American Book Co. $1.20.
Melodic Music Series. By Frederic H. Ripley and Thomas
Tapper. In 4 books, 12mo. American Book Co. $1.45.
Experimental Physiology and Anatomy for High Schools.
By Walter Hollis Eddy. Illus., 12mo, pp. 112. American
Book Co. 60 cts.
Half Hours with Fishes, Reptiles, and Birds. By Charles
Frederick Holder. Illus., 12mo, pp. 255. American Book Co.
60 cts.
The Action Primer. By Thomas O. Baker. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 112. American Book Co. 25 cts.
The Indian Primer. By Florence C. Fox. Illus., 16mo, pp. 120.
American Book Co. 25 cts.
Storm's Im Sonnenschein and Ein Grünes Blatt. Edited by
G. L. Swiggett, M.A. 12mo, pp. 78. American Book Co. 25 cts.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Photographic Amusements. By Walter E. Woodbury. New
edition; illus., large 8vo, pp. 114. New York: Photographic
Times Publishing Association. Paper, $1.
Antiquities of the Jemez Plateau, New Mexico. By
Edgar L. Hewitt. Illus., large 8vo. Washington: Govern-
ment Printing Office.
The Cynic's Diotionary. By Harry Thompson. 18mo, pp. 95.
Henry Altemus Co. 50 cts.
The Cynic's Rules of Conduct. By Chester Field, Jr. 18mo,
pp. 97. Henry Altemus Co. 50 cts.
BOOKS OF VERSE.
The Rosary, and Other Poems. By Robert Cameron Rogers.
12mo, gilt top, pp. 160. John Lane Co. $1.50 net.
Many Moods and Many Minds. By Louis James Block.
12mo, gilt top, pp. 158. John Lane Co. $1.50 net.
Uncle Charlie's Poems. By Charles Noel Douglas. With
portrait, 12mo, pp. 158. J. S. Ogilvie Publishing Co. 50 cts.
FICTION
The Tides of Barnegat. By F. Hopkinson Smith. Illus. in
tint, 12mo, pp. 422. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.50.
Anthony Overman. By Miriam Michelson. Illus. in tint,
12mo, pp. 330. Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.50.
Audrey Craven. By May Sinclair. 12mo, pp. 328. Henry Holt
& Co. $1.50.
The Lion and the Mouse. By Charles Klein and Arthur
Hornblow. Illus., 12mo, pp. 399. G. W. Dillingham Co. $1.50.
Power Lot. By Sarah P. McLean Greene. Illus., 12mo, gilt
top, pp 396. Baker & Taylor Co. $1.50.
Scarlett of the Mounted. By Marguerite Merington. Illus.,
12mo, pp. 214. Moffat, Yard & Co. $1.25.
Step by Step: A Story of High Ideals. By Mrs. George Sheldon
Downs. Illus., 12mo, pp. 336. G. W. Dillingham Co. $1.50.
The Watermoad Affair. By Robert Barr. With frontispiece,
12mo, pp. 127. Henry Altemus Co. 50 cts.
The Tin Diskers. By Lloyd Osbourne. Illus., 12mo, pp. 127.
Henry Altemus Co. 50 cts.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION.
Afghanistan. By Angus Hamilton. Illus.. large 8vo, uncut,
pp. 562. Charles Scribner's Sons. $5. net.


1906.]
123
THE DIAL
BOOKS. ALL OUT-OF-PRINT BOOKS SUPPLIED,
no matter on what subject. Write us.
We can get
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The magazine prints the best essays, the best fiction, the
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124
(Sept. 1, 1906.
THE DIAL

DUFFIELD & COMPANY
(2
ANNOUNCE THE FOLLOWING
BOOKS ON THEIR FALL LIST
Moliere, the Poet and Man. By Hobart C. Chatfield-Taylor. Illustrated by “Job” (Comte de Bréville).
A life of the great French dramatist by an American man of letters.
Many hitherto unpublished documents have been examined and no
pains have been spared to make the work the most authoritative
yet published in English. $3.00 net.
Reminiscences of My Childhood and Youth. By George Brandes. Translated by G. M. Fox-
Davies. A delightful book of recollections by one of the greatest
living critics. The intrinsic charm of the book is as great as
its literary and critical importance, which is of the first order.
$2.50 net.
The World's Painters since Leonardo. By James W. Pattison. The only book in print that gives an
account, full yet compact, of every painter and his principal works
since Leonardo da Vinci. A labor-saving volume for students, art
lovers, and art clubs of every description. Illustrated with more
than 80 reproductions. $4.00 net.
The Pilgrim's Staff. Poems, Moral and Divine. Selected and arranged by Fitz Roy Carrington, editor of
“The Queen's Garland," etc. Illustrated with reproductions of old
portraits, and carefully chosen by an editor of taste and discrimi-
nation. Non-sectarian and true to the best literary standards.
75 cents net.
Pride and Prejudice: A Play. By Mrs. Steele MacKaye. With frontispiece in color by Edwin Wallick.
A comedy founded on Jane Austen's most popular novel, by the
widow of the famous theatrical manager. Uniform with “Cran-
ford." $1.25.
On Reading. By George Brandes. A striking and suggestive essay, reprinted in book form by request of numer-
ous readers. 16mo, cloth, 75 cents net; postage 5 cents.
Two Gentlemen in Touraine. Automobile Edition. By Richard Sudbury (Charles Gibson). A new and
cheaper issue of a book that has steadily grown in popularity with
tourists. $1.20 net.
Chinatown Ballads. By Wallace Irwin. Stories of San Francisco's renowned Chinese quarter, told in verse
by one of the cleverest of California's writers since Bret Harte.
Illustrated by E. C. Peixotto. $1.25.
At the Sign of the Sphinx. (Second Series.) A new volume of Miss Wells's inimitably clever charades in
Like the first series, this second book contains an appendix
giving answers. $1.00.
Misrepresentative Women. By Harry Graham, author of “Misrepresentative Men,” “More Misrepre-
sentative Men.” Illustrated by D. S. Groesbeck. Another gay
volume by Capt. Harry Graham (Col. D. Streamer). $1.00.
Bridge Abridged. By Annie Blanche Shelby, author of “Standard Whist.” A comprehensive and precise
statement of the maxims, rules, and principles governing the game
of Bridge, to which are added the Revised Laws of Bridge as adopted
by the New York Whist Club, and the etiquette of the game.
172 pages. $1.00.
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A SEMI- MONTHLY JOURNAL OF
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EDITED BY
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FRANCIS F. BROWNES No. 486.
CHICAGO, SEPT. 16, 1906.
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TWO GREAT NOVELS
Each, Illustrated in Color, $1.50
(Third Large Edition)
The Tides of Whispering
Barnegat Smith
By F. HOPKINSON SMITH
By FRANK H. SPEARMAN
THE STORY
“is one of strong dramatic power.”
Philadelphia Record.
THE PLOT
“is original.” - New York Times Review.
A TRAEME NP water the pathe
THE HERO
“alone would give a novel distinction.”
-Newark News.
THE CHARACTERS
“are worthy of any contemporary writer.”
Charleston News and Courier.
THE ENDING
“has tragedy enough in it to lift it from the
pages of the book to the center of the stage.”
Cleveland Leader.
TREMENDOUS story of the
West as it was when the rail-
road first went through, when men
fought rivers, mountains, and each
other with a sure eye, a quick gun,
and endless nerve. This is the
West where “Whispering Smith
lived and fought and loved, where
George McCloud ran his railroad,
where Sinclair opposed them both
and Dicksie helped them. There
has not been a story like this since
Bret Harte's early days. The illus-
trations are as good as the story.
" TO BE PROPERLY APPRECIATED IT MUST
BE READ." - Chicago Record-Herald.
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OR WITH BETTER EFFECT."
Brooklyn Eagle.
“ THE STRONGEST WORK HE HAS DONE."
-Springfield Republican.
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK


126
[Sept 16,
THE DIAL
Charles Scribner's Sons' Partial fall List
FICTION
Sir John Constantine
The Robberies Co., Ltd.
By A. T. QUILLER COUCH, 12mo, $1.50.
By NELSON LLOYD. Frontispiece. 12mo, $1.50.
The adventurous and exciting story of an expedition from A most original and surprising story. The delightfully
Cornwall to recover the crown of Corsica for the rightful serious Theory of Useless Rubbish becomes the foundation
heir, with plotting and fighting, humor and romance, and a of a very charming romance, carried out in a most amusing
hero and a heroine as attractive as they are unusual.
and unusual way.
Two Legs
By CARL EWALD. 18mo, $1.00.
A poetic, fanciful, and humorous story of man's conquest of
the brute creation, told with great charm and delightful
fancy.
The Distractions of Martha
By MARION HARLAND. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.25.
An amusing and enlightening story of the trials and
triumphs, adventures and misadventures of a young house-
wife in the suburbs, especially in her relation to the servant
question.
Truegate of Mogador
By SEWELL FORD. Illustrated. $1.50.
“Truegate of Mogador" was universally regarded as one of
the best magazine stories that has appeared in years. This,
with eleven other stories of the same region and of the same
people, makes a volume of rare and refreshing humor by &
writer of marked originality.
On Newfound River
By THOMAS NELSON PAGE. Ilustrated in color, $1.50.
A new and revised edition of this famous story. Mr. Page
has inserted new scenes and episodes, and has made it a
much better story, knitting together more expertly and
developing many of the characters.
LITERATURE, ESSAYS, ETC.
Farces: “The Galloper,” “The Dicta Liberty, Union, and Democracy
tor,” and “Miss Civilization”
By Prof. BARRETT WENDELL of Harvard College.
By RICHARD HARDING DAVIS.
12mo, $1.25. Postage extra.
With eighteen illustrations of scenes in the plays.
Brilliant essays showing the manner in which American
8vo, $1.50 net. Postage extra.
temper has conceived the political ideals which have most
excited its enthusiasm, and explaining what America has
These three farces read even better than they acted, and
striven to be as distinguished from what it has accomplished.
represent the best of Mr. Davis's recent work. They are
bound together in an attractive volume, prettily illustrated
from scenes in the plays.
The Prisoner at the Bar
A Frontier Town and Other Essays By ARTHUR C. TRAIN. 8vo, $2.00 net. Postage extra.
This book describes, primarily for the layman, but also for
By HENRY CABOT LODGE. 12mo, $1.50. Postage extra.
the lawyer, the actual administration of criminal justice,
Eleven essays remarkable for their literary charm and inter using New York City as an example, with some comment
est on such subjects as The Senate, Good Citizenship, Theo upon the faults and virtues of the present system.
dore Roosevelt, etc.
The Text of Shakespeare
Lords and Lovers and Other Dramas
By OLIVE TILFORD DARGAN.
8vo, $1.50 net. Postage extra.
The publication of Mrs. Dargan's volume of plays will con-
stitute a genuine literary event. Her poetic gift is not only
absolute, but in many of its characteristics unexampled in
modern American not to say English verse..
By Prof. T. R. LOUNSBURY of Yale University.
8vo, $2.00 net. Postage extra.
Much new and illuminating material has been found by Pro-
fessor Lounsbury, and this work, which is intended for
popular reading as well as for students, is of the greatest
interest and value.
The Bible as English Literature
A Whimsey Anthology
By Prof. J. H. GARDINER of Harvard University.
$1.50 net. Postage extra.
The Bible, formerly studied as, theology and currently as
history, has hitherto lacked systematic consideration as the
English classic it is nevertheless universally acknowledged
to be. Mr. Gardiner has supplied, this notable lack in Bibli-
cal criticism.
By CAROLYN WELLS.
12mo. Leather, $1.50 net; Cloth, $1.25 net. Postage extra.
A collection of curious and amusing forms of verse, such as
Shaped Poems, Alphabets, Macaronic Rhymes, Charades,
Enigmas, Logical Rhymes, etc.
The Art of the Singer
By W. J. HENDERSON. 12mo, $1.25. Postage extra.
An illuminating exposition by this able and well-known
critic of the best ideas taught by the old masters, together
with the practice and precepts of leading singers to-day.
Industrial America
By Prof. J. LAURENCE LAUGHLIN of the University
of Chicago. 12mo, $1.25 net. Postage extra.
An account of the industrial problems at present occupying
public attention in the United States, designed for a non-
specialist audience.


1906.]
127
THE DIAL
Charles Scribner's Sons' Partial fall List
HANDSOMELY ILLUSTRATED WORKS
The Queen's Museum
Peter Pan
By J. M. BARRIE.
With 50 illustrations in color by ARTHUR RACKHAM.
8vo, $5.00 net. Postage extra.
It will be the best of news, both to the readers of Mr. Barrie's
charming "Little White Bird” and to the host of friends
of the wonderful “Peter Pan," that an illustrated edition of
"Peter Pan's" delightful adventures is an autumn book
from Mr. Barrie.
And Other Fanciful Tales
By FRANK R. STOCKTON.
With 10 full-page illustrations in color and other drawings
in black and white by FREDERIC RICHARDSON.
8vo, $2.50.
A selection of the most popular of Mr. Stockton's fanciful
tales, the whimsical humor and gay spirits of which will
commend them to renders of all years; brilliantly illustrated
in colors by FREDERIC RICHARDSON.
Camp Fires in the Canadian Rockies
By W. T. HORNADAY,
Director of the New York Zoölogical Park.
With 70 photographic illustrations. Svo, $3.00 net.
Postage extra.
The racy, unconventional narrative of an expedition into
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tions and photographs.
By Italian Seas
By ERNEST C. PEIXOTTO.
With many illustrations by the author. 8vo, $2.50 net.
Postage extra.
Geographically, if not politically, the central Mediterranean
is thoroughly Italian, and the title of M. Peixotto's delight-
ful book of leisurely travel covers such separate areas of
interest as Dalmatia and Tunis, Malta and the Riviera,
Sicily and Venice.
Old Creole Days
The First Forty Years of
Washington Society
By GEORGE W. CABLE.
With 8 full-page illustrations and head and tail pieces in
photogravure by ALBERT HERTER. 8vo, $2.50. Full leather,
boxed, $5.00.
A new edition of this famous book beautifully illustrated
and attractively made up.
From the letters and journals of Mrs. Samuel Harrison
Smith (Margaret Bayard).
Edited by GAILLARD HUNT.
Illustrated, 8vo, $2.50 net. Postage extra.
This volume pictures an almost untouched period in the
history of the social life at the Capital.
Real Soldiers of Fortune
By RICHARD HARDING DAVIS.
Illustrated, $1.50 net. Postage extra.
The stories of nine adventurous spirits of our own day, the
true account of whose lives and experiences reads like the
wildest romance. Mr. Davis writes of such men as General
William Walker, Baron Harden-Hickey, and General
Maclver.
A Little Book of Bores
By OLIVER HERFORD.
With pictures by the author. $1.00 net. Postage extra.
A bore for each letter of the alphabet described in a verse
and a drawing full of the whimsical humor and gay satire
which have made Mr. Herford's books so popular.
HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY
Leo Tolstoy : His Life and Work
1. Childhood and Early Manhood
A Tour of Four Great Rivers
Edited by FRANCIS W. HALSEY.
$5.00 net. Postage 18 cents.
The Hudson, Mohawk, Susquehanna, and Delaware in 1769.
Being the journal of Richard Smith, of Burlington, N. J.,
edited, with a brief history of Pioneer Settlement, by Francis
W. Halsey. Published in a Limited Edition of 780 copies.
Illustrated, $1.50 net.
Autobiographical material, memoirs, and letters, compiled
by PAUL BIRUKOFF and revised by LEO TOLSTOY.
The Works of Henrik Ibsen
Entirely revised and edited by WILLIAM ARCHER. In eleven volumes. 12mo, $1.25 each.
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approved by the poet himself, and all of the volumes have new introductions by Mr. Archer.
Send for our COMPLETE FALL ANNOUNCEMENT LIST containing titles
of many volumes not included in these pages.
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS PUBLISHERS NEW YORK


128
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
A. C. MCCLURG &
COMPANY'S
HISTORY OF VENICE. By Pompeo
Molmenti. Translated from the Italian
by Horatio F. Brown, British Archivist in
Venice, and author of "In and Around
Venice." Part I., Venice in the Middle
Ages, two volumes, ready Fall of 1906;
Part II., Venice in the Golden Age, two
volumes, ready Spring of 1907; Part III.,
The Decadence of Venice, two volumes,
ready Fall of 1907. Six volumes, 8vo,
with many illustrations. Sold only in two-
vol. sections. Per section, $5.00 net.
Large-paper edition, per section, $10.00 net,
BOB HAMPTON OF PLACER. Ву
Randall Parrish. A Tale of Two Soldiers
of the Seventh. The scenes of the latest
novel by the author of “My Lady of the
North,” etc., are laid in Dakota in the
70's. The Custer Massacre furnishes the
climax. Illustrated in color by Arthur I.
Keller. Crown 8vo, $1.50.
RIDOLFO: THE COMING OF THE
DAWN. By Egerton R. Williams, Jr.
A novel of remarkable power and historic
interest, with the scenes laid in Italy dur-
ing the 15th century. With illustrations
in full color and cover design by Joseph C.
Leyendecker. Crown 8vo, $1.50.
THE DAY'S JOURNEY. By Netta
Syrett. A brilliant novel of present-day
social life in England. With frontispiece
by Karl Anderson. 12mo, $1.25.
MCDONALD OF OREGON: A TALE
OF Two SHORES. By Eva Emery Dye. A
chronicle of the first Americans to visit
Japan, later to act as interpreters to Perry.
Illustrated by Walter J. Enright. 12mo,
$1.50.
WACOUSTA. By Major John Richardson.
A Tale of the Pontiac Conspiracy. With
illustrations by C. W. Jefferys. I 2mo,
$1.50.
ROMOLA. By George Eliot. An histori-
cally illustrated edition. Edited, with in-
troduction and notes, by Dr. Guido Biagi,
librarian of the Laurentian Library, Flor-
ence. With 160 illustrations. 2 volumes,
12mo, in slip case, $3.00 net.
Large-paper edition, on Italian hand-made paper, illustra-
tions on Japan paper. Vellum back. $7.50 net; some in
full vellum, $10.00 net.
Uniform with McMahan's “ Shelley in Italy, etc."
BYRON IN ITALY. By Anna Benneson
McMahan. Edited, with introductions.
With over 60 illustrations from photo-
graphs. 12mo, $1.40 net.
Large-paper edition, on Italian hand-made paper, illustra-
tions on Japan paper. Vellum back, $3.75 net; same in
full vellum. $5.00 net; same, half calf or half morocco. gile
top. $7.50 net; Florentine edition, $10.00 ner.
Uniform with McMahan's “ Shelly in Italy,” etc.
RUBAIYAT OF OMAR KHAYYAM.
A new metrical version, with Introduction
and Notes, by George Roe. Illuminated
boards, in slip case. Bound in vellum.
Persian illumination. 12mo, $1.50 net.
Uniform with Shirazi's Life of Omar.
THE RELIGION OF CHEERFUL-
NESS. By Sara A. Hubbard. An essay,
in attractive form, by the compiler of
“Catchwords of Cheer." Novelty cover,
boxed, 50 cents each.
GEMS OF WISDOM. A compilation. By
H. B. Metcalf. With frontispiece, and
border descriptions in color. Tall 16mo,
novelty binding, $1.00 net.
THE GUILDS OF FLORENCE. Ву
Edgcumbe Staley. Historical, Industrial,
and Political. With many illustrations.
Tall royal 8vo, $5.00 net.
THE TRUE STORY OF GEORGE
ELIOT: With Especial Reference to
“Adam Bede." By William Mottram.
With 86 illustrations. $1.75 net.
JAPAN AS IT WAS AND IS: A HAND-
BOOK OF OLD JAPAN. By Richard Hil-
dreth. In two volumes. A reprint, edited
and revised, with notes and additions, by
Ernest W. Clement, and Introduction by
William Elliot Griffis. With maps and 100
illustrations. 12mo, in slip case, $3.00 net.
Uniform with Clement's " Handbook of Modern Japan."
THE MAKERS OF JAPAN. By J.
Morris. A series of biographies of great
Japanese statesmen and soldiers. With
24 illustrations. Large 8vo, $3.00 net.
KAKEMONO. By A. Herbage Edwards. A
series of essays on Japanese life and charac-
ter. With frontispiece. Cr. 8vo, $1.75 net.


1906.]
129
THE DIAL
FALL
LIST
1906
PILOTS OF THE REPUBLIC. Ву
Archer B. Hulbert. Sketches in popular
style of the men who extended the fron-
tiers of civilization in the West. With
portraits, and drawings by Walter J. En-
right. $1.50 net.
LINCOLN'S GETTYSBURG AD-
DRESS. By Clark E. Carr. A comparative
study, by an eye-witness, of the speeches
by the President and by Edward Everett.
Small 16mo, novelty binding, $1.00 net.
A HUNDRED YEARS HENCE: THE
EXPECTATIONS OF AN OPTIMIST. By T.
Baron Russell. Interesting prophecies of
changed conditions. Crown 8vo, $1.50 net.
THE STAINED GLASS LADY. Ву
Blanche Elizabeth Wade. Illustrated and
decorated in color by Blanche Ostertag.
A charming idyl which is not exactly a
story for children, but for those who love
children. The appearance of the book
will be of rare beauty. Square 8vo, in
box, $2.50.
MEMORIES: A STORY OF GERMAN Love.
By Max Müller. New Holiday edition.
With new illustrations, decorations, and
cover design, by Margaret and Helen M.
Armstrong. Square 8vo, $2.50.
Limited large paper edition, hand illuminated, handsomely
bound, boxed, $7.50 net.
THE GOOD FAIRY AND THE BUN-
NIES. By Allen Ayrault Green. A
popular and original fairy story for all
children, not for the few. With i full-
page illustrations in full color, and 10
chapter headings, by Frederick Richard-
son. Oblong 4to, boards, $1.50.
FOLK-LORE OF WOMEN. By T. F.
Thiselton-Dyer. A series of essays on
Woman's Beauty; Woman's Dress; Wo-
man's Eyes; Woman's Goodness, etc.
12mo, $1.50 net.
THE STANDARD OPERAS. By George
P. Upton. New revised (eighteenth)
edition, from new plates. With over 75
illustrations of leading characters.
$1.75.
GOLDEN POEMS BY BRITISH AND
AMERICAN AUTHORS. Compiled
by Francis F. Browne. New revised
(ninth) edition, from new plates. Crown
8vo, gilt top, in box, $1.50.
THE GOOSE GIRL: A MOTHER'S LAP
BOOK OF RHYMES AND PICTURES. Ву
Lucy Fitch Perkins. A delightful volume
of much originality. 4to, boards, $1.25.
THE BABIES' HYMNAL. By Marian
Poole McFadden. A compilation of fa-
vorite devotional songs for children. With
decorations in tint by Abram Poole, Jr.
Oblong 4to, boards, $1.25 net.
OLD TALES RETOLD FOR YOUNG
READERS. Selections from “The Can-
terbury Tales" and "The Faerie Queen."
Decorated by Ralph Fletcher Seymour,
and printed in three colors, novelty bind-
ing. Each, one volume, $1.00 net.
LITERATURE OF LIBRARIES. Seven-
teenth and Eighteenth Centuries. Edited
by John Cotton Dana, Librarian of the
Newark Public Library, and Henry W.
Kent, Assistant Secretary of the Metro-
politan Museum of Art. Six volumes,
thin 18mo, boards. Per set, $12.00 net.
JEAN BAPTISTE COTTON DES HOUSSAYES.
Concerning the Duties and Qualifications
of a Librarian.
JOHN (DURIE) DURY. The Reformed
Librarie-Keeper.
REV. JAMES KIRKWOOD. An Overture for
founding and maintaining of Bibliothecks
in every paroch throughout this Kingdom.
Justus Lipsius. De Bibliothecis Syntagma.
Large-paper edition, $25.00 net.
Both editions sold only in complete sets.
LIFE STORIES FOR YOUNG PEO-
PLE. Translated from the German by
George P. Upton. New titles : Barba-
rossa, William of Orange, Gudrun, The
Nibelungs. Illustrated. Each, 60 cts. net.
THE RENEWAL OF LIFE: HOW AND
When To Tell THE STORY TO THE
YOUNG. By Margaret W. Morley. Illus-
trated. 12mo, $1.25.


130
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
A PUBLICATION OF REMARKABLE IMPORTANCE
The History of Venice
By POMPEO MOLMENTI
TRANSLATED FROM THE ITALIAN BY HORATIO F. BROWN
British Archivist and author of “ In and Around Venice.”
THIS imposing work will be issued in three sections of two volumes cach, and will be in every respect a monu.
mental piece of bookmaking. The author is the leading historical writer in Italy at the present time, and the
“ History” is now appearing there under the imprint of the Instituto Italiano d' Arti Grafichi. The translator is
himself an authority on Venice, whose books on that city, and the distinguished position he has held there for nearly
twenty years as British Archivist, have won for him the reputation of knowing more about Venice than any other
living Englishman. The volumes will be distinguished typographically by being printed in the beautiful Italian type
cut by Bodoni, which was so famous a century ago, and which has recently been revived.
PART I. VENICE IN THE MIDDLE AGES. Ready Fall of 1906.
Part II. VENICE IN THE GOLDEN AGE. Ready Spring of 1907.
Part III. THE DECADENCE OF VENICE. Ready Fall of 1907.
Six volumes, Svo, with many illustrations. Sold only in two-volume sections, per section, $5.00 net.
Large-paper edition, per section, $10.00 net.
Send for Descriptive Circular of the Series
Literature of Libraries
Seventeenth and Eighteenth centuries
Edited by JOHN COTTON DANA, Librarian of the Newark Public Library, and HENRY W. KENT,
Assistant Secretary of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
READY
JEAN BAPTISTE COTTON DES HOUSSAYES. CONCERNING THE DUTIES AND
QUALIFICATIONS of a LIBRARIAN.
JOHN (DURIE) DURY. THE REFORMED LIBRARIE-KEEPER.
READY THIS FALL
REV. JAMES KIRKWOOD. AN OVERTURE FOR FOUNDING AND MAINTAINING OF
BIBLIOTHECKS IN EVERY PAROCH THROUGHOUT THIS KINGDOM.
JUSTUS LIPSIUS. DE BIBLIOTHECIS SYNTAGMA.
IN PREPARATION
SIR THOMAS BODLEY. LIFE, WRITTEN BY HIMSELF; With His First Draught
OF THE STATUTES OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AT OXFORD.
GABRIEL NAUDÉ. News from FRANCE; OR, A DESCRIPTION OF THE LIBRARY OF
CARDINAL MAZARINI.
Of this series the “Chicago Evening Post” says:
“A. C. MCCLURG & Co. have undertaken a publishing venture of special interest for those who have to do with
public and private collections of books. In a series of graceful little volumes they are reprinting a half-dozen
rare and out-of-print” seventeenth and eighteenth century works on libraries and their management. As specimens
of bookmaking these charming little books are worthy of special note. D. B. Updike, at whose Merrymount Press the
work of printing and binding has been produced, has clothed them in a fitting dress. The type is arranged in a
page of perfect proportions, and the binding, which is in green and buff linen, with red leather lables stamped in
gold, is at once pleasing and substantial. By way of ornament there is a decorative title page, after an original
design by Eisen, which was formerly one of the treasures of the Concourt collection."
Regular Edition, limited to 250 sets, six volumes, $12.00 net. Large-paper Edition, limited to 25 sets, six
volumes, $25.00 net. Sold only in complete sets.
A. C. McCLURG & CO., PUBLISHERS, CHICAGO


1906.]
131
THE DIAL
HENRY HOLT
&
COMPANY
PUBLISH THIS FALL
THE AMERICAN NATURE SERIES
The publishers of the American Science Series have begun the publication of the American Nature
Series, in the hope that in its own way the new series will stand on a par with its famous predecessor,
Prospectus free on application. The first volume to appear is
THE BIRD: ITS FORM AND FUNCTION. By C. WILLIAM BEEBE, Curator of Birds in the New
York Zoological Park, author of "Two Bird Lovers in Mexico." With frontispiece in color and 370 illustrations from
photographs, 496 pp.
Birds are here considered, not as individuals or families, but as a class, and their class characteristics are reviewed from the
standpoint of form and function, with special emphasis on the evolution of structure. The unusually large number of photographs
expressly prepared for this volume, are of the greatest value.
A Beautiful and Novel Gift Book for Nature Lovers
THE LOG OF THE SUN. A CHRONICLE OF NATURE'S YEAR. 191 illustrations (fifty-two in color) of Nature's
varying aspects, by WALTER KING STONE, with text by C. WILLIAM BEEBE. 8vo.
A beautifully illustrated perennial weekly nature chronicle, embracing fifty-two seasonable full-paged pictures in color,
familiar aspects of nature for each week from an unusual point of view.
A Tasteful Gift Book of Permanent Value
THE FRIENDLY TOWN. A POETRY BOOK FOR THE URBANE. Compiled by E. V. LUCAS, with illustrated
cover-linings. Uniform with “The Open Road.” 380 pp., cloth, $1.50. Also available in leather.
A Very Pretty, Entertaining, Humorous Picture Book, with a Handy Diary attached. Eminently suitable for
Presentation in anticipation of the New Year
A CHEERFUL YEAR BOOK. FOR ENGAGEMENTS AND OTHER SERIOUS MATTERS, accompanied by
philosophic and moral aphorisms for the instruction of youth, the inspiration of maturity, and the solace of age, by F. M.
KNOWLES, the same being illustrated by tasteful and illuminating pictures by C. F. LESTER, and the whole being
introduced and concluded with profound and edifying remarks by CAROLYN WELLS. 12mo.
MAINE'S ANCIENT LAW. NEW EDITION, with Introduction and Notes by SIR FREDERICK POLLOCK.
8vo, $1.75 net; by mail, $1.92.
THE LABOR MOVEMENT IN AUSTRALASIA. BY VICTOR S. CLARK.
A competent, temperate, and judicial treatment of an important subject, on which there has been a great deal of wild writing.
The author, a Ph.D. of Johns Hopkins, and now connected with the Carnegie Institute in Washington, spent a year in New Zealand
and Australia investigating the social and economic conditions in those countries.
ENGLISH COLONIES IN AMERICA. Vol. III., THE MIDDLE COLONIES. Vol. IV., THE COLONIES
UNDER THE HOUSE OF HANOVER. By J. A. DOYLE. Each volume with colored map. 8vo, $3.50 per volume.
THE PRINCIPLES OF ENGLISH VERSE. By CHARLTON M. LEWIS, Professor in Yale University,
143 pp., 12mo, $1.25 net ; by mail, $1.33.
For students and general readers who enjoy poetry, but think they might enjoy it more if they found it less bewildering,
PANAMA AND THE PANAMA CANAL. By WILLIS FLETCHER JOHNSON. Illustrated. 12mo.
The first complete and coherent history of the Isthmian canal enterprise.
MORALS IN EVOLUTION. By L. T. HOBHOUSE, author of "The Labor Movement," "The Theory of
Knowledge,"
," "Mind in Evolution," and " Democracy and Reaction."
EVERYDAY ETHICS. By ELLA LYMAN CABOT. 12mo, $1.25 net.
AFFAIRS OF STATE: BEING AN ACCOUNT OF CERTAIN SURPRISING ADVENTURES WHICH BEFELL
AN AMERICAN FAMILY IN THE LAND OF WINDMILLS. By BURTON E, STEVENSON, author of "The Marathon
Mystery," etc. Illustrated by F. VAUX WILSON. 335 pp., 12mo, $1.50.
JOSEPH VANCE. AN ILL-WRITTEN AUTOBIOGRAPHY. By WILLIAM DE MORGAN. 528 pp., $1.50.
IN THE SHADOW OF THE LORD. A ROMANCE OF THE WASHINGTONS. By MRS. HUGH FRASER,
author of A Maid of Japan," " Letters from Japan," etc. 12mo, $1.50.
THE CRUISE OF THE VIOLETTA. By ARTHUR COLTON. 12mo, $1.50.
THE KING'S DIVINITY. By DOLORES BACON, author of "The Diary of a Musician.” Illustrated by PHILLIPS
WARD. 12mo, $1.50.
THE POET AND THE PARISH. By MARY MOSS. 12mo, $1.50.
AUDREY CRAVEN. BY MAY SINCLAIR, author of "The Divine Fire" and "Superseded.” 12mo, $1.50.
DADDY'S DAUGHTER. By MARION AMES TAGGART, author of Nut Brown Joan," etc. Illustrated by
G. W. BRECK. 12mo, $1.50.
HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY
29 W. 23d St.
NEW YORK


132
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
THE FALL ANNOUNCEMENTS OF
ILLUSTRATED HOLIDAY BOOKS
MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS- Continued
The Land of Enchantment. From Pike's Peak
A Handbook of Polar Discoveries. By Gen-
to the Pacific. By LILIAN WHITING. Fully illus-
eral A. W. GREELEY of the U. S. Army. Illustrated.
trated from photographs. 8vo. $2.50 net. A vivid
12mo. $1.50. An authoritative up-to-date résumé.
presentation of the scenic marvels of the great South The Economy of Happiness. By JAMES MAC-
west.
KAYE. Small 8vo. $2.50 net. A work that seeks
Through the Gates of the Netherlands. By
to transfer the foundation of economics from wealth
MARY E. WALLER, author of “ The Wood Carver
to happiness.
of 'Lympus." With 24 photogravure plates. 8vo. The Syllogistic Philosophy. By FRANCIS
$3.00 net.
ELLINGWOOD ABBOT. 2 vols., 8vo. $5.00 net. A
The Wonders of the Colorado Desert (South-
modernization of philosophy to harmonize with mod-
ern California). By GEORGE WHARTON JAMES.
ern science.
With colored frontispiece, 24 full page plates, and 300
pen and ink sketches by Carl Eytel. 2 vols., 8vo.
NEW FICTION
$5.00 net.
Literary By-Paths in Old England. By
The Dragon Painter. A Japanese Romance.
HENRY C. SHELLEY. With 24 full-page plates and
By MARY MCNEIL FENOLLOSA (Sidney McCall),
100 smaller illustrations from photographs. 8vo.
author of “The Breath of the Gods” and “Truth
Dexter.” Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50.
83.00 net. Contains valuable unpublished literary
material.
In Treaty with Honor, By MARY CATHERINE
The Silver Crown. Another book of Fables for
CROWLEY. Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50. A romance
Old and Young. By LAURA E. RICHARDS. Fully
of the struggle of French Canada for independence
in 1837-38.
illustrated and decorated. 12mo. $1.50.
The Slave of Silence. By FRED M. WHITE,
author of "The Crimson Blind." Illustrated. 12mo.
MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS
$1.50. A baffling mystery story.
Mars and Its Mystery. By EDWARD S. MORSE. The Impersonator. By MARY IMLAY TAYLOR.
Illustrated. Small 8vo. $2.00 net. Written for the
Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50. A clever romance of
general reader.
social life.
Starting in Life. What Each Calling in Life The Master Spirit. By Sir WILLIAM MAGNAY.
Offers Ambitious Boys and Young Men.
By NA-
Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50. An ingenious modern
TAANIEL C. FOWLER, Jr., assisted by over romance replete with surprises.
hundred representative men. With 30 illustrations.
Pardner of Blossom Range. By FRANCES
12mo. $1.50 net.
CHARLES. 12mo. $1.50. A striking new story of
From Dream to Vision of Life. By LILIAN Arizona life.
WHITING. 16mo. Cloth, $1.00; white and gold, The Queen's Hostage. By HARRIET T. Com-
$1.25 net. Uniform with “ The World Beautiful."
Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50. A romance in
The Stars and Stripes and Other American the time of Queen Elizabeth.
Flags. By PELEG D. HARRISON. With eight An Express of '76. A Chronicle of the Town of
illustrations in color. 8vo. $3.00 net. A compre York in the War for Independence. By LINDLEY
hensive history.
MURRAY HUBBARD, Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50.
Buff: A Tale for the Thoughtful. By a Physio- The Story of Scraggles. By GEORGE WHARTON
path. 16mo. $1.00. A common-sense book on health. JAMES. Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50. An autobio-
Last Verses. By SUSAN COOLIDGE. With Intro-
graphy of a song-sparrow.
duction by her sister, Mrs. Daniel C Gilman. 16mo. Elinor's College Career. By JULIA A. SCHWARTZ.
Cloth, $1.00 net; white and gold, $1.25 net.
Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50. A college story.
one
99
STOCK.


1906.]
133
THE DIAL
LITTLE, BROWN, &
BROWN, & co.,
CO., BOSTON
NEW BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG
NEW BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG - Continued
PENTER.
In Eastern Wonderlands.
The Birch - Tree Fairy Book. By CLIFTON
By CHARLOTTE
CHAFFEE GIBSON.
JOHNSON. Profusely illustrated. 12mo. $1.75. A
Illustrated from photographs.
companion to the “Oak-Tree Fairy Book.”
12mo. $1.50. The story of a real trip around the
world made by three children.
Janet: Her Winter in Quebec. By ANNA
CHAPIN RAY, author of the “ Teddy” books. Illus-
Boy Blue and His Friends. By ETTA AUSTIN
trated. 12mo. $1.50.
BLAISDELL and Mary FRANCES BLAISDELL. Illus-
trated. 12mo. 75 cents. Simple stories of child
Brenda's Ward. By HELEN LEAH REED, au life written for little people.
thor of the “Brenda” books. Illustrated. 12mo.
Long Ago in Greece. A book of Golden Hours
$1.50.
with the Old Story Tellers. By EDMUND J. CAR-
A Sheaf of Stories. By SUSAN COOLIDGE. Ilus-
Fully illustrated. 12mo. $1.50.
trated. 12mo. $1.25. Twelve hitherto uncollected
stories.
Blackie: His Friends and His Enemies. A
Book of Old Fables in New Dresses. By MADGE
The Flight of Puss Pandora. By CAROLINE A. BIGHAM. Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50.
FULLER, author of “ The Alley Cat's Kitten.” Illus-
trated. 12mo. $1.50.
The Dear Old Home, By SARA ELLMAKER
AMBLER. Illustrated 12mo. $1.50.
Old Home Day at Hazeltown. By A. G.
PLYMPTON, author of “ Dear Daughter Dorothy,” Playtime. By CLARA MURRAY. Profusely illus-
etc. Illustrated. 12mo. $1.25.
trated in color. 12mo. 50 cents. Little stories for
the very youngest readers.
Ready the Reliable. By LILY F. WESSELHOEFT.
Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50. Another delightful dog The Awakening of the Duchess. By FRANCES
story.
CHARLES. New edition. With colored illustrations.
16mo. $1.00.
Roberta and Her Brothers. By ALICE WARD
BAILEY. Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50. An appealing
story about a motherless girl.
NEW EDITIONS
Nancy Rutledge and Her Friends. Written
Plutarch's Works. New Library Edition. With
and illustrated by KATHARINE PYLE. 12mo. $1.25.
10 photogravure frontispieces. 10 vols., 8vo. Cloth,
The Girls of Pineridge. By CHARLOTTE CURTIS gilt top, $25.00; half morocco, gilt top, $50.00.
SMITH. Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50.
Comprising: I. Plutarch's Lives. 5 vols., 8vo., cloth,
$12.50. II. Plutarch’s Essays and Miscellanies.
Pelham and His Friend Tim. By ALLEN
5 vols., 8vo, cloth, $12.50.
FRENCH. Illustrated. 12mo. $1.50. A first-rate
story for boys.
Some Chinese Ghosts. By LAFCADIO HEARN.
A new edition of one of Mr. Hearn's earlier books.
Donald Barton and the Doings of the Ajax
12mo. $1.50 net.
Club. By AMOS R. WELLS. Illustrated. 12mo.
$1.50. A story filled with genuine boy characters.
The Triumphs. By PETRARCH. Translated by
Henry Boyd. Special limited edition printed from
Betty Baird. By Anna HAMLIN WEIKEL. Illus Humanistic type. With 6 plates. Quarto. Bound
trated. 12mo. $1.50. A boarding-school story. in leather, $40.00 net.


134
[Sept. 16
THE DIAL
ANNOUNCEMENT OF
MISCELLANEOUS
The First Century of English Porcelain.
By W. Moore Binns, late Art Director of the Royal
Porcelain Works, Worcester. 75 illustrations, 40
of which are in colors. In one volume, quarto, cloth,
gilt top, $12.50 net. Limited large-paper edition,
printed on hand-made rag paper, bound in a spe-
cially designed cover, gilt edges, $25.00 net.
The Drawings of Jean François Millet. Fifty
facsimile reproductions of the master's work with
an introductory essay. The edition is numbered
and limited to one hundred and forty copies, impe-
rial quarto, for the United States. One hundred
and twenty copies, numbered and bound in buckram,
$20.00 net, each. Twenty copies, printed on hand-
made paper and bound in vellum, gilt, forming an
edition de luxe, at $25.00 net, each.
Christopher Columbus and the New World
of His Discovery. By Filson Young. Two
volumes. Octavo. Cloth, gilt tops, $6.50 net, per set.
French Men of Letters. Volume II., Honoré
de Balzac, by M. Ferdinand Brunetière. Volume
III., Rabelais, by Arthur Tilley, M.A. Each vol-
ume contains a frontispiece portrait and an adequate
index. 12mo. Cloth, paper label, $1.50 net, per
volume.
Italian Days and Ways. By Anne Hollings-
worth Wharton. Illustrated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50 net.
Mastersingers. By Filson Young. Crown 8vo,
216 pages. Cloth, $1.25 net.
Men and Women of the French Revolution.
By Philip Gibbs. Large quarto. Cloth, gilt top,
$7.00 net.
Russia, Travels and Studies. By Annette
M. B. Meakin. 450 pages. Fully illustrated.
Octavo. Cloth, gilt top, $4.00 net.
Two Years Among New Guinea Cannibals.
By A. E. Pratt. Octavo. Illustrated. 360 pages.
Cloth, gilt top, $4.00 net.
Granada. By Leonard Williams. Octavo. 213
pages. Illustrated. Cloth, gilt top, $2.50 net.
The Compleat Angler. By Izaak Walton.
(Issued by Caradoc Press, London.) 170 pages.
Medium 8vo. Bound in brown Persian calf, $6.00
net. Half levant, $12.00 net. Full levant, hand-
tooled, $20.00 net.
Voice-Production. By Dr. Wesley Mills. Numer-
ous illustrations. Crown 8vo. Cloth, $2.00 net.
Eating to Live. By John Janvier Black, M.D.
12mo, Cloth, $1.50 net.
MISCELLANEOUS - Continued
Ver Beck's Book of Bears. Wording by
Hanna Rion, Hayden Carruth, and the artist.
Seventy-five illustrations in full colors, two colors,
and in tint. Size of book, 81 x 104 inches. Bound
in boards, with special cover design in colors, $1.50.
The Vicar of Wakefield. By Dr. Oliver Gold-
smith. (Issued by Caradoc Press, London.) 212
pages. Medium 8vo. Bound in brown Persian calf,
$6.00 net. Full levant, $12.00 net. Full levant,
hand-tooled, $20.00 net.
Napoleon, King of Elba. Translated from the
French, by Paul Gruyer. Thirty-eight illustrations,
Octavo. Cloth, $3.50 net.
The Flight of Marie Antoinette. Translated
from the French by G. Lenotre. Containing over
fifty illustrations. Octavo. Cloth, $3.50 net.
Heroes of Progress. By Charles Morris. Illus-
trated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25 net.
Heroes of the Army. By Charles Morris.
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Heroes of Discovery in America. By Charles
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Stories from the Operas. By Gladys Davidson.
Illustrated. 8vo. Cloth, gilt top, $1.25 net. Half
morocco, $3.00 net. Full morocco, $10.00 net.
Stratford-on-Avon. By Sidney Lee. Large
extra crown 8vo. Cloth, with gilt top, $1.50 net.
Half morocco $3.50.
Life of Hawthorne. By Frank P. Stearns.
Ten illustrations. Crown 8vo. Cloth, $2.00 net.
Religious Life in Colonial Times. By Lucy
Forney Bittinger. 12mo. Cloth, $1.00 net.
Daily Musings. By R. A. S. Rankin. 16mo.
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Consumption and Civilization. By John
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The True Andrew Jackson. By Cyrus Town-
send Brady. Illustrated. 8vo. Cloth, $2.00 net.
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Elaborately illustrated in colors and tints by Fred-
eric J. von Rapp. Small quarto. Cloth, decorated
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The Colonel of the Red Huzzars. By John
Reed Scott. Illustrated in colors by Clarence F.
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Philadelphia Since 1792
THE J. B. LIPPINCOTT


1906.]
135
THE DIAL
NEW AUTUMN BOOKS
FICTION-Continued
Adventures of Joujou. By Edith Macvane.
Sumptuously illustrated with fifteen full-page illus-
trations in colors by Frank Ver Beck, and with page
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octavo. Bound in ornamental cloth, in a box, $2.00.
The Happy-Go-Lucky. Translated from the
German by Mrs. A. L. Wister. Four full pages in
color, and twenty-five illustrations through the text,
in tints, by Philipp Grot Johann and Professor
Edmund Kanoldt, and twenty-five marginal draw-
ings by Eva M. Wolf. Small quarto, bound in
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Gabrielle, Transgressor. By Harris Dickson.
Frontispiece in colors. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
Don Q in the Sierras. By K. and H. Pritchard.
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“I Will Repay.” By Baroness Emuska Orczy.
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No Friend Like a Sister. By Rosa N. Carey.
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Paul. By E. F. Benson. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
Breakers Ahead. By Mrs. A. Maynard Barbour.
Frontispiece in colors by James L. Wood. 12mo.
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“ Wee Tim'rous Beasties.” By Douglas
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Legends in Fairy Land. By Holme Lee
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Bluebell and the Sleepy King. By Aubrey
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pages. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25.
Dora: A High School Girl. By May Baldwin.
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The Hill-Top Girl. By Laura T. Meade.
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The Record Term. By Raymond Jacberns.
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The Boys of Brierley Grange. By Fred
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Foray and Fight. By John Finnemore. Six
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Jack Haydon's Quest. By John Finnemore.
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Edited by G. F. Goodchild and C. F. Tweney.
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Mining Geology. By James Park, F.G. S.,
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Tablet Manufacture. By Joseph R. Wood.
Crown 8vo. Cloth, $2.00 net.
The Elements of Chemical Engineering. By
J. Grossmann, M.A., Ph.D., F.I.C., etc. 50 illus-
trations. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50 net.
COMPANY, PUBLISHERS
London Since 1872


136
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
Dodd, Mead & Company's
NEW FICTION, FALL 1906
JANE CABLE
THE TREASURE OF
HEAVEN
By GEORGE BARR McCUTCHEON
Author of
“ BEVERLY OF GRAUSTARK,"
· NEDRA,” etc.
A Charming Love Story
The man with whom Jane Cable is in love goes to the
Philippines as a soldier. Jane follows him, as a nurse.
The adventures of the two are worked out in Mr.
McCutcheon's delightfully ingenious and sympathetic
Illustrations in color by HARRISON FISHER.
12mo, cloth, $1.50.
A ROMANCE OF RICHES
By MARIE CORELLI
Author of
" THE MASTER CHRISTIAN,"
“God's Good MAN," etc.
Miss Corelli's large public has never failed to welcome
a new novel from her pen. Her new book is a long,
important love story, and the first she has written since
“God's Good Man." The frontispiece is a portrait of
the author.
12mo, cloth, $1.50.
manner.
THE FAR HORIZON
By LUCAS MALET
Author of
"TAE WAGES OF Sin,” “Sir RICHARD CALMADY," etc.
This is a story written on such strong and enduring lines that it
cannot be quickly forgotten. Like "Sir Richard Calmady,"
" The Far Horizon" has been written slowly and thoughtfully.
It is the ripe product of the intellectual and literary ability
which places Mrs. St. Leger Harrison, the daughter of Charles
Kingsley, among the very foreinost women novelists of to-day.
12mo, cloth, $1.50.
PRISONERS
By MARY CHOLMONDLEY
Author of
“Red POTTAGE,” etc.
With illustrations by KarL ANDERSON
An intensely dramatic story touching the strong-
est human emotions and the deepest springs of
character.
12mo, cloth, $1.50.
THE SUBJECTION OF ISABEL CARNABY
By ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER, author of "Concerning Isabel Carnaby."
12mo, cloth. Frontispiece in two colors.
$1.50.
THE FACE OF CLAY
By HORACE A. VACHELL, author of « Brothers," “ The Hill,” etc.
12mo, cloth. Illustrated. $1.50.
THE CHASE OF THE GOLDEN PLATE
By JACQUES FUTRELLE. Illustrations by Will GREFE. Page decorations. 12mo, cloth, $1 25.
THE SEVENTH PERSON
By BENJAMIN BRACE, author of “Sunrise Acres,” etc.
12mo, cloth, $1.50.
THE WHITE PLUME
By S. R. CROCKETT, author of “ Joan of the Sword Hand,” etc. 12mo, cloth. Illustrated. $1.50.


1906.]
137
THE DIAL
Dodd, Mead & Company's
MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS,
BOOKS, FALL 1906
TWENTY YEARS OF THE REPUBLIC
By Professor HARRY THURSTON PECK, L.H.D., LL.D.
For a great many years Professor Peck has been a close and keen observer of the course of American politics. He has not
only observed, but has preserved a wonderful mass of contemporary newspapers, cartoons, books, letters and other inter-
esting memoranda. “Twenty Years of the Republic," from the Cleveland-Blaine campaign of 1884 to the present day, is
written in the spirit of a man who is giving rein to a favorite hobby. It reveals not only the wide and mature point of
view of the trained scholar, but also the many little touches, the anecdotes, the personal peculiarities, the seemingly
trivial incidents which go so far toward making history, but which are so easily and quickly forgotten. Such a history is
very valuable, both now and in the future. It will charm the cursory reader, and be a book of importance to the student.
8vo, cloth, net $2.50.
A LIFE OF CHARLES DICKENS
By GILBERT K. CHESTERTON, author of “Varied Types," etc.
There are few men whose position in English literature is more fiercely disputed, nor in regard to whom critics differ more
widely than Charles Dickens. Mr. Chesterton's book on Dickens is intended as a general justification of that author, and
of the whole of the gigantesque English humor of which he was the last and not the least gigantic survival. The author
compared the immense achievement produced by the optimism of Dickens in the realm of reform with the small results
produced by the pessimistic methods of later days. He treats each of the novels in turn, and he devotes the latter part of
his book to a general estimate of the influence of Dickens.
12mo, cloth, net $1.50.
BRAIN AND PERSONALITY
By WILLIAM HANNA THOMSON, M.D., LL.D.
The object of this book is to acquaint the general reader with the remarkable discoveries of modern physiological science,
of the specific relations of certain areas on the surface of the brain to special mental functions, and to point out the direct
bearing of these now scientifically demonstrated facts upon the great question, whether the brain is the source of thought
or instead the instrument of the thinker, just as the hand is. It has been the aim of the author, both to steer clear of
technical terms as far as possible, and equally so from all metaphysical discussions, for the subject deals only with a thing
of physics — the Brain.
Illustrated with figures and charts. 12mo, cloth, net $1.20.
THE KEY TO THE BLUE CLOSET
By W. ROBERTSON NICOLL, author of " Letters on Life," etc.
A volume of clever essays on life and conduct, men, books, and affairs. You read with delight the reflections of the book-
worm and the observations of the man of the world who sees things. His views are often unexpected, but no less clear and
convincing. The essays ring true, and one reads page after page with increasing enthusiasm. 12mo, cloth, net $1.40.
EMMA, LADY HAMILTON
From new and original sources and documents, together with an Appendix of Notes and New Letters. By WALTER
SICHEL, author of “Bolingbroke and His Times,” “Disraeli, a Study," etc. With 27 illustrations in photogravure and
many others in half-tone.
8vo, cloth, net $5.00.
THROUGH FIVE REPUBLICS OF SOUTH AMERICA
By PERCY F. MARTIN, F.R.G.S.
Copiously illustrated with over 100 pictures and maps, statistical tables, etc. A critical and authoritative description of
Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, and Venezuela in 1905. This is without doubt the fullest work on the subject extant.
Large 8vo, net $5.00.
LIBERIA
By SIR HARRY JOHNSTON, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., author of "The Uganda Protectorate,” etc.
With nearly 300 illustrations from original drawings and photographs by the author and others, a large number of plates
of botanical subjects and maps especially drawn for the work under the author's instructions, and 20 colored plates from
the author's own paintings.
In 2 vols., large 8vo, cloth, net $12.50.
THE WIT OF THE WILD By ERNEST INGERSOLL, author of “Habits of Animals,” etc.
An astounding and fascinating book describing the ways and means employed by animals in their daily struggle for
existence. Mr. Ingersoll is a great naturalist and knows whereof he speaks and has written an absorbing book of strange
and interesting stories of animal lore in an entirely new vein.
Illustrated with photographic reproductions. 12mo, cloth, net $1.20.


138
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
AUTUMN PUBLICATIONS
POWER LOT
KATRINA
MAX FARGUS
By MRS. SARAH P. McL. GREENE,
Author of "Cape Cod Folks,"
"Vesty of the Baisins,” etc.
Illlustrated. $1.50.
Mrs. Greene's best book. The evolu-
tion of Robert Hilton, a dissolute city
lad, in the rugged fishing town, the
beauty of Mary Stingaree's character
and life, and the quaint humor of
Power Lot people, are charmingly set
forth.
By ROY ROLFE GILSON.
Author of "In the Morning Glow,” etc.
With illustrations in color by ALICE
BARBER STEPHENS. Crown 8vo. $1.50.
The subtlety and charm of Mr. Gilson's
stories reach their highest point in this
book. Larry, the bachelor newspaper
man, humorous, kindly, homely, lives
over again the romance of his younger
days in the charming little daughter of
the woman he lost.
By OWEN JOHNSON.
Author of Arrows of the Almighty,"
etc. Illustrated by F. C. RANSOM.
12mo. $1.50.
Max Fargus, rich and miserly, marries
a woman through the machinations of
a disreputable lawyer. She is an adven-
turess against her will. His discovery
leads to a remarkable revenge. A pow-
erful story, full of mystery and of excep-
tional quality.
A HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE
By RUSSELL STURGIS, author of "A Dictionary of Architecture and Building,” “How to Judge Architecture," etc.
In three volumes. Large 8vos, with 500 illustrations to each volume. Cloth, per set, net. $15.00; half-morocco, per set, net, $22.50.
The first volume of this most important architectural work, treating of the entire architecture of the world in a narrative
and critical style, will be ready in October.
A New Williams Dickens Book MR. PICKWICK'S CHRISTMAS
With ten illustrations in color and line by GEORGE ALFRED WILLIAMS. $2.00.
A companion to A Christmas Carol” and “The Cricket on the Hearth.” Mr. Williams's charming illustrations make very
attractive this well-known section of the Pickwick Papers.
16
LADY HOLLYHOCK AND HER FRIENDS A Book of Nature Dolls
By MARGARET COULSON WALKER. 52 Illustrations in color. $1.25.
A most charming and unusual juvenile, giving descriptions in an attractive text of how to make dolls out of flowers, fruit,
clay, spools, peanuts, and hundreds of other everyday articles.
THE BAKER & TAYLOR CO., PUBLISHERS, 33-37 E. 17TH STREET, NEW YORK

WEBSTER'S
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WEBSTER'S COLLEGIATE DICTIONARY
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1116 pages and 1400 Illustrations.
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G. & C. MERRIAM CO., Springfield, Mass.


1906.]
139
THE DIAL
PHILLIPS
CLURE
Some exceptional
from McClure,
announcements
Phillips & Co.
BOOKS
William Jennings Bryan
LETTERS TO A CHINESE OFFICIAL
(A reply to the famous “Letters from a Chinese Official.” A superb vindication of our
national life, that reflects the sterling Americanism of the great leader of Democracy. “A
little volume,” says the Philadelphia Ledger, “that is imbued with the true spirit of American
patriotism and American ideals at their highest and best.”
Paper boards, postpaid 56 cents, net 50 cents.
Ralph Waldo Trine's
In the Fire of the Heart
( Mr. Trine's In Tune with the Infinite has been
translated into nine languages. His new book, IN
THE FIRE Of The Heart, deals in the same manner
of treatment which characterizes the first book, with
the great social and political problems of the day.
Cloth, Net, $1.00.
Charles Wagner's
My Impressions of America
( When Pastor Wagner visited this country two
years ago, he intimated that he would write a book
on his impressions of this country. These are here
very interestingly set down, with an exhaustive record
of his experiences.
Cloth, Net, $1.00.
NOTEWORTHY FICTION
A. Conan Doyle's new and greatest story Sir Nigel
Q A remarkably fine romance of the fourteenth century, full of the flavor of the life of the middle ages, its
pagentry, its barbarity and its sweet chivalry. This is, without any doubt, A. Conan Doyle's masterpiece.
Six illustrations by the Kinneys, $1.50.
Eleanor Gates's romance of the prairies The Plow-Woman
A powerful tale of the Northwest, that has in it the vigor and wind-swept freshness of the great wheat
ranges. The heroine, Dallas Lancaster, is a magnificent portrayal, - - a strong, beautiful character.
Cover in colors, $1.50.
Eden Phillpotts' and Arnold Bennett's new novel Doubloons
The product of this distinguished collaboration is a story quite out of the ordinary a thoroughly modern
tale of buried treasure. Mr. Phillpotts writes with a delightfully fantastic humor.
Cloth, $1.50.
Stanley J. Weyman's political novel Chippinge Borough
Q A delightful romance of political life that will appeal to the numerous admirers of Mr. Weyman's
A Gentleman of France and The Long Night. The scene of the story is laid in England. Cloth, $1.50.
Ivan Strannick's novel of Russian life The Shadow of the House
LA delicate and exquisite portrayal of the development of a woman's character, by the latest Russian
novelist to come into prominence.
Cloth, $1.50.
Published by McCLURE, PHILLIPS & CO., 44 East 23d St., New York


140
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
A NEW MAGAZINE and WHAT IT OFFERS YOU
Beginning with October, G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS will publish
PUTNAM'S MONTHLY
with which THE CRITIC will be merged.
the new
THE NEW PUTNAM'S
As a successor to the original PUTNAM'S MONTHLY — honored
half a century ago as America's first national monthly
Putnam's will not forget its historic traditions. Its editors are determined to secure for it a high place
among present day magazines and make it attractive in form, substantial in thought, awake and respon-
sible to all vital questions.
The editors are determined also that it shall have this distinc-
A DISTINCTIVE FEATURE
tion: it will avoid touch-and-go judgments, noisy exaggeration
and flamboyant sensationalism, all increasingly offensive to judicious readers. It will aim at the same
time to secure contributors who can speak, each on his own subject, with deliberation and authority.
“THE CRITIC" MERGED
Past and present readers of “THE CRITIC” may feel that the
new magazine will give unremitting attention to every one of
the subjects that magazine made its care.
A WIDE SCOPE
However, the new magazine embraces a wider range of interests than
“ THE CRITIC.” In chronicle and comment it will follow the progress
of the world. From a broad, impartial standpoint it will speak of political and social questions. In each
issue, lovers of good novels and short stories wil find such fiction. The development of art and the world
of letters will claim its very special attention and the live books that appeal to live people will be described
to its readers. In a word, Putnam's will keep its readers posted upon every subject with which people
of intelligence should be acquainted.
THE CONTRIBUTORS
In securing writers G. P. Putnam's Sons have everything in their
favor a host of literary friends and acquaintances, here and in
England. Consequently, many of the brightest minds of the day have been enlisted as contributors.
PUTNAM’S MONTHLY is fully illustrated; and it
ILLUSTRATIONS AND FORM
brings pictorially before its readers people and scenes
concerning which public curiosity is aroused.
FIRST ISSUE AND PRICE
The first number bears date of October 1906. The price is
25 cents a copy, or $3.00 a year.
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS, Publishers, 27 & 29 W. 23d St., New York
SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY OFFER
Three Months' Subscription for
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When it expires we know you will want to send us $3.00 for a full sub-
scription. On receipt of fifty cents with the attached coupon, we will send
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1906.]
141
THE DIAL
PUTNAM'S NEW BOOKS
A SPINNER IN THE SUN
By MYRTLE REED
Author of "At the Sign of the Jack-o-Lantern,” “ Lavender and Old Lace," " The Master's Violin,” etc.
Crown 8vo, cloth extra, gilt top, printed in red and black, net, $1.50. Full red leather, net, $2.00.
Antique calf, net, $2.50. Lavender silk, net, $3.50.
The thousands who have enjoyed the gentle humor, the story-telling skill and the delicate sentiment
of “Lavender and Old Lace” will find the same qualities in “A Spinner in the Sun.” While striking the
chords of humor, pathos and sentiment, which formerly have never failed to charm Miss Reed's admirers,
it is more likely to please the exacting critic than anything else she has written — and this because it
evinces a firmer grasp of character and a more serious grappling with life. It also has the advantage of
an interesting entanglement of plot which throws over it a glamor of romance.
Romance of the
Italian Villas
Cathedrals and Cloisters
of the South of France
By ELISE WHITLOCK ROSE
By ELIZABETH W.CHAMPNEY
Author of "Romance of the French Ab-
beys," " Bourbon Châteaux," " Renais-
sance Châteaux," “ Feudal Châteaux."
8vo, with 9 photogravure, 1 colored
and 44 other illustrations, net, $3.00.
Uniform with “Romance of
Bourbon Chateaux."
A delightful blending of history,
art and romance. Fully carries out
Guizot's suggestion: "If you are fond
of romance, read history."
With 4 photogravure and 200 other illus-
trations from original photographs
by Vida Hunt Francis, and a
map. 2 volumes, 8vo, net, $5.00.
Deals with the cathedrals of the Prov-
inces of Provence, Languedoc and Gas-
cony, presenting many fresh and inter-
esting sidelights on the history of these
most fascinating structures.
The Ohio River
A Course of Empire
By ARCHER B. HULBERT
Associate Professor of American History,
Marietta College, Author of “Historic
Highways of America," etc.
Uniform with "The Hudson River."
8vo, fully illustrated, net, $3.50.
This work presents in a consecutive
narrative the most important historic
incidents connected with the river,
with descriptions of some of its most
picturesque scenery and delightful
excursions into its legendary lore.
Reminiscences of
Bishops and
Archbishops
Twilight Fairy
Tales
Gettysburg and
Lincoln
The Battle, the Cemetery, and
the National Park
By HENRY 8. BURRAGE, D.D.,
Brevet-Major Maine Vols.
8vo, with illustrations, about $1.75 net.
This interesting volume, by Major
Burrage, himself a war veteran, is
well illustrated and equipped with
tactical maps.
By HENRY CODMAN POTTER
Bishop of New York
By MAUD BALLINGTON BOOTH
Author of “Sleepy-Time Stories,"
"Lights of Childland," etc.
With 16 full-page colored illustrations
and 16 ornamental half-titles by
Amy C. Rand. 8vo, $1.25 net.
These stories are for the rainy after-
noon, for the fireside, and for bedtime.
They are an evidence of the famil-
iarity of the author with the hearts of
children.
8vo, with 13 portraits in photogravure,
about $2.00 net.
These reminiscences are very human
and personal, and reveal the men them-
selves under their vestments.
MRS. GASKELL'S WORKS Knutsford Edition
NEW UNIFORM ILLUSTRATED EDITION PRINTED FROM NEW PLATES
Eight volumes, illustrated, crown 8vo, each, $1.50.
Each volume will contain a frontispiece in photogravure, besides other illustrations and a facsimile MS. The
works will be arranged as far as possible in chronological order, and will include several hitherto unreprinted
contributions to periodicals, together with two new poems, and some unpublished fragments of stories.
1. Mary Barton 2. Cranford
To be followed by : 3. Ruth 4. NORTH AND SOUTH 5. MY LADY LUDLOW
6. SYLVIA'S LOVERS 7. Cousin PHILLIS 8. WIVES AND DAUGHTERS
The work upon it is being done under the editorial supervision of a scholar of the first rank, Dr.
Adolphus W. Ward, Master of Peterhouse, Cambridge. This biographical edition will no doubt supersede
all others, and take its place as the standard and definitive collection of Mrs. Gaskell's writings.
SEND FOR OUR NEW ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE
At All Booksellers
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS New York and London


142
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
VASTU
DODGE PUBLISHING COMPANY
NOS. 40 & 42 EAST NINETEENTH STREET, NEW YORK CITY
The following books represent a few of the many good things we have to offer for the coming holiday season.
The public look forward with eagerness each year to the showing of the “ Dodge” publications and in many
of the larger stores our unique productions are the central attraction. If you have
not got our booklet “GOOD THINGS FOR BOOKLOVERS" send for it to-day.
OZY CORNER CONFIDENCES. By WALTER PULITZER.
A companion volume to “A Cynic's Meditations." This is a rare
collection of real epigrams, originally witty and worthy of a permanent
place on any library shelf. The sayings are even better than "A Cynic's
Cozy
Meditations" (now in its 16th edition), concerning which John Kendrick Bangs said:
Corner
Many of the epigrams are delicious," and the London Sketch adds: “We certainly
Confidences
place Mr. Pulitzer far above other American writers of epigrams.” Made in unusual
size and style. Boards, 75 cents; leather, $1.00. (Ready.)

OP
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TEIE
PHILOSOPHY
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ITTLE BOOKS ON ART. This series forms an exquisitely artistic little library
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pensable to the art lover. Four new titles are now ready: “Raphael,”
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LITTLE BOOKS ON ART
TURNER
OLDEN TREASURY OF IRISH SONGS
AND LYRICS. Edited with notes by CHARLES Welsh, with
the assistance of such distinguished Irish scholars and poets as Dr.
Douglas Hyde, Stephen Lucine Gwynn, Lady Gregory, D. J. O'Donoghue,
Professor Robinson of Harvard, Dr. Maurice F. Egan of the Catholic University in
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half morocco, $6.00. (Ready October.)
OLD TO THE LITTLE TOT.
EDMUND VANCE
COOKE's first book for children is going to make a decided hit every-
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Mr. Cooke's other works are “ Rimes to be Read,” miscellaneous poems, cloth, $1.50; “Chronicles of
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TOLOD
Also a most artistic line of imported Christmas cards, special novelties in calendar pads, Holly cards, passe-
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GP) DODGE PUBLISHING COMPANY OP
NOS. 40 & 42 EAST NINETEENTH STREET, NEW YORK CITY XX


1906.]
143
THE DIAL
HARPER'S NEW PUBLICATIONS
LEW WALLACE: An Autobiography
The famous author of “Ben-Hur" — the book that millions have read devoted his last years to the
preparation of this remarkable life-story. A man who has won distinction on the diverse fields of arms,
letters, politics, and diplomacy must have that in him which compels attention ; but this is more than the
mere record of a remarkable career : it is the presentation of the man himself, an intensely individualistic
and many-sided character, and one of the most picturesque and forceful personalities of our times.
His Autobiography must be considered an important human document. It is rich in details of personal
reminiscence, and, though profound where it touches on large subjects, never tedious nor formally historical.
Two Volumes. Portrait and Illustrations. Crown 8vo, Gilt Top,
Deckel Edges. In a Box. $5.00 net.
The Americanism of Washington
By HENRY VAN DYKE
Dr. Van Dyke answers those critics and historians who, while recognizing to the full the value of Wash-
ington's service to his country, have been disposed to deny him the title of “ American.” The essay not
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intelligent and high-minded citizens.
Oblong 16mo, Ornamented Cloth, Decorations in Color, 50 cents.
The Future in America
By H. G. WELLS
A presentation of the many phases of American life — social, economic, and materialistic — viewed through
the impartial eyes of the curious but friendly critic who recently visited our shores. It is distinguished
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for which Mr. Wells is remarkable.
Illustrated. Crown 8vo, Cloth, $2.00 net.
FICTION
The Awakening of Helena
The Call of the Blood
Richie
By ROBERT HICHENS
Author of " The Garden of Allah."
By MARGARET DELAND
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A story thrilling with the exultant joy of physical life.
The hero and heroine are English, spending their honey-
“ A perfect book." — New York Times.
moon on the beautiful island of Sicily. In the man's
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American woman. It is artistic with an absolutely by the romantic environment and by the beauty of a
unconscious art.” — Chicago Tribune.
passionate alluring young peasant girl, forces him to
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side the best art of Hawthorne.” – Columbia State. tremendous intensity. The unusual feeling for nature
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tury." --- Richmond Times-Dispatch.
story of Southern passion.
Illustrated by WALTER APPLETON CLARK. Price $1.50. Illustrated by Orson LOWELL. Price $1.50.
HARPER & BROTHERS
PUBLISHERS
NEW YORK


144
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
NEW PUBLICATIONS
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
AMERICAN BRANCH
JUST ISSUED
Five new black-faced type editions of
OXFORD BIBLES
TEXT
REFERENCE
CONCORDANCE
TEACHERS'
SEND FOR LIST.
The Problem of Spelling Reform. By the Rev. Prof. W. W. Skeat. Being a
lecture delivered before the British Academy May 2, 1906. 8vo, paper covers, 25 cents.
“Everyone interested in spelling reform should read this lecture."
The King's English: The common errors into which writers are liable to fall, and how
such errors can be avoided. By H. W. F. and F. C. F. Crown 8vo, cloth, $1.75.
"Sure to find readers and to be talked about." - New York Sun
“ A book that will be found as entertaining as it is helpful.”—New York Tribune.
“Scholarly, pleasantly allusive, and not untinged with humor."- The Dial.
The Canadian War of 1812. By C. P. Lucas, C.B. 8vo, with 8 maps, $4.15. A
graphic and impartial account of the war between Great Britain and the United States, 1812-15.
The Great Revolt of 1381. By CHARLES OMAN, M.A. 8vo, cloth, with 2 maps, $2.90.
An Introduction to Logic. By H. W. B. Joseph. 8vo, cloth, $3.15.
Lectures on the Method of Science. Edited by T. B. STRONG. 8vo, cloth, $2.50.
The Elements of Jurisprudence. By T. E. Holland, K.C. Tenth Edition. 8vo,
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The First Year of Roman Law. By Fernand Bernard. Translated by CHARLES
P. SHERMAN, D.C.L. 12mo, cloth, $1.00.
“The object of this labor of love is to place in the hands of students, and of others who desire an
acquaintance, readily obtained, with the Roman Law, an English version of a French work, designed for use in
the law schools of France, which is remarkable for several excellencies that adapt it to become perhaps the best
elementary treatise for commencing the study of Roman Law." From the Translator's Introductory Note.
For sale by all Booksellers. Send for Catalogue.
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
AMERICAN BRANCH
Nos. 91 & 93 FIFTH AVENUE
NEW YORK CITY


1906.]
145
THE DIAL
THREE NOTABLE NOVELS
The Sands of Pleasure
By FILSON YOUNG. A Strong Book on a Terrible Theme.
“ Here is a story for mature men and women. .. A strong, well-written, intimate study of a
subject usually tabooed in the literature of English-speaking people.” — Chicago Inter Ocean.
“«The Sands of Pleasure’is a book that cannot be neglected. It must be read.” — Boston Transcript.
Cloth, illustrated with color frontispiece. $1.50.
Holyland
By GUSTAV FRENSSEN.
We have concluded arrangements for the publication of the exclusive authorized translation of
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Cloth, 12mo. $1.50.
Jörn Uhl
By GUSTAV FRENSSEN. Translated by F. S. Delmer.
“ Jörn Uhl” is the most powerful story of modern German life and the literary sensation of
Europe. Over 200,000 copies were sold within eighteen months of issue. The story touches upon
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interpretation of the life of man and the wonder of the universe of God. Cloth, 12mo. $1.50.
AN EXQUISITE AND TIMELY GIFT BOOK
The Nature Lovers' Treasury
Edited by CARRIE THOMPSON LOWELL, Editor of “ The Art Lover's Treasury."
This volume forms a gift-book whose appeal must prove well-nigh universal. It comprises a
compilation made with rare skill and taste from the prose and poetry of the great nature writers.
The extracts are illustrated by numerous exquisite pictures from originals of distinguished artists,
reproduced in half-tone.
Cloth, net $1.20. Postage extra.
A DELIGHTFUL NATURE BOOK
Young Folks' Nature Field Book
By J. ALDEN LORING.
A short, timely nature story, or seasonable hint for every calendar day in the year, telling the
reader just what time in the successive seasons to look for the different birds, beasts, flowers, etc.,
how to recognize and study them when taking observation walks for pleasure or instruction.
Recognition of different creatures, etc., is assisted by numerous excellent illustrations, and alternate
pages are left blank for reader's notes or record of things seen. A yearly record so kept, either by
a single young person or a small group or club, cannot fail to be a source of continuous interest, not
only while being made but after its completion.
Cloth, illustrated. $1.00.
DANA ESTES & COMPANY
PUBLISHERS
BOSTON


146
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
THE NEW VARIORUM EDITION OF
SHAKESPEARE
Edited by HORACE HOWARD FURNESS
THIS edition, prepared by one of the foremost living Shakespearian scholars, is the result of more than thirty-five
years of careful preparation. It represents the life-work of an American scholar of the highest type, whose
learning, painstaking labor, and critical judgment are lauded throughout the literary world — not only by American
and English Shakespearian scholars, but by those of the countries of continental Europe as well.
The new Variorum Edition is without question the most complete in existence, as it is an edition in which the
various textual readings and editorial observations of the editions that have preceded it are recorded.
" These monumental volumes are the admiration of every
true student of Shakespeare," says Dr. William Aldis Wright
THE FOURTEEN VOLUMES WHICH HAVE THUS FAR APPEARED ARE
Macbeth, Revised Edition by Romeo and Juliet
The Winter's Tale
HORACE HOWARD FURNESS, JR. The Tempest
Twelfth Night
King Lear
A Midsummer Night's Dream Much Ado About Nothing
Othello
As You Like It
Love's Labour's Lost
The Merchant of Venice
Hamlet (Two Volumes)
IN PREPARATION
Antony and Cleopatra and Richard the Third. Edited by HORACE HOWARD FURNESS, JR.
Royal Octavo, gilt top, uncut edges, $4.00 net per volume. Half morocco, gilt top,
$5.00 net per volume.
J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY,
Publishers, Philadelphia
THE MAKER OF MODERN
PORFIRIO DIAZ
By Mrs. ALEC-TWEEDIE
With over 100 Illustrations. Svo, $5.00 net; postage 30 cents.
New York Evening Post : “ The Boswell of the Great Mexican."
New York Sun : "Supplies many particulars hitherto unpublished."
New York Tribune: “ The work partakes of the nature of an autobiography re-enforced by history
and interview and illuminated with the author's own keen insight and comments.

MEMOIRS OF THE COUNT
DE CARTRIE
A NEW HISTORICAL FIND
A record of the Extraordinary Events in the Life of a French
Royalist during the War in La Vendee, and of his flight to South REMBRANDT
ampton, where he followed the humble occupation of a Gardener.
With an Introduction by FREDERIC Masson and Appendices A MEMORIAL
and Notes by P. A. Pichot, etc.
A Photogravure Portrait of the Author and 20 other Illustra-
In Celebration of His
tions. Svo, $5.00 net. Postage 20 cents.
Tercentenary
Large quarto, bound in red and gold.
$10.00 net.
SALOME
Seventy Plates in Color and
A Tragedy in One Act, By OSCAR WILDE
Photogravure.
With a study of Rembrandt's Work
16mo Edition, $1.00. 4to Illustrated Edition, with 16 drawings by AUBREY BEARDSLEY by EMILE MICHEL, Mem-
on Japanese vellum, and Introduction by Robert Ross. $3.50 net. Postage extra. ber of the Institute of
Also Portfolio of the Illustrations. Folio 1372 x 10% inches. $5.00 net.
France.

JOHN LANE CO., The Bodley Head, 67 Fifth Avenue, N. Y.


1906.]
147
THE DIAL
1906
New
Pilgrim
Press Publications
THE TEACHINOS OF JESUS IN PARABLES. By Rev. George
M. Hubbard. 364 pp. $1.50 net, postage 18 cts.
An original treatment of all the parables, including those "germ" par-
ables which hithorto have not been included in parable commentaries.
THE MAIN POINTS. By Charles R. Brown, D.D. 312 pp. $125 net,
postage 15 cts.
A concise, clear and candid discussion of the Chief points of Christian
Faith. The author takes up such topics as the Divinity of Christ, The
Atonement, The Work of the Holy Spirit, etc., treating all in a fresh
and many in a distinctly original manner.
ADVANCED BIBLE STUDY. By Prof. Irving F. Wood and Rov.
Newton M. Hall. 96 pp. 25 ots. net, postage 5 cta.
A book of methods of conducting Adult Classes, especially adapted to
teachers of such classes.
BIBLICAL DRAMAS. By Rev. Harris G. Hale and Rev. Newton M.
Hall. Joseph and his Brethren. Moses the Liberator, Tho Story
of Jacob, The Story of David and Jonathan, Samuel and Saul, David
the King. The Story of Solomon, Tho Story of Job, The Story of
Elijah, The Messages of the Prophets, Nehemiah the Builder, Paul
the Prisoner of the Lord. Lasued in twelve pamphlets, 24 to 33
pages each. 15 cts. net per copy, postpaid.
A large part of the stories of the Old Testament, are in vivid dialogue
form but we do not realize it because of the way they are printed.
These “Biblical Dramas" print the stories selected in regular dia-
logue form. The page looks like a page of Shakospoare. They are
planned, not for acting upon a stage, but for roading upon a platform,
especially in Sunday evening services and Christian Endeavor meetings.
THE EARLY DAYS OF ISRAEL. By Prof. Irving F. Wood and
Rev. Newton M. Hall. Advanced course of lessons for the Sunday
School for 1907. Issued in quarterly parts. 15 cts net, postpaid.
The International Sunday-School Lessons for 1907 aro in the Old Testa
ment - from Genesis to Samuel. Many adult classes want to cover this
same ground but in a different way. “The Early Days of Israel” (in
four parts) makes this possible. It is Bible study from the modern
point of view and keeps in mind two objects, -first, to inquire in the
darrative portions what main thought the writers or compilers of these
books had in mind? What lesson did they wish to teach ? and second,
to suggest legitimate comparisons between ancient Hebrew life and our
own life to-day. Full of quotations, topics for discussion, and every-
thing that could help in the actual use of the course by a class,
SERMONS ON THB SUNDAY SCHOOL LESSONS. (Monday
Club) Annual Volume for 1907. By prominent Congregational
Preachers. $1.25.
There are over 2,000,000 Sunday-school teachers and pastors in America
studying the Bible, using the International Lesson Series. This is a
book for them. It is what some of our most interesting and eloquent
preachers and earnest Christian workers have to say on the different
Sunday-school lessons for the year, -one sermon on each lesson. Not
a' commentary at all, but devotional and inspirational throughout.
HERO TALES. By Mrs. Ozora L. Davis. Is a book of about 200
pages, illustrated with interesting historic ojects as well as deco-
rative pictures. $1.25 net, postage 15 cts.
Fascinating and true stories showing what has been heroically endured
and achieved by Congregationalists, both in ancient and modern times.
This book is especially intended for young people, and might well serve
as a text book for young people desiring to know the heroic side of
Congregationalism. It cannot but stir up a spirit of genuine denomi.
national pride and interest.
CHRIST AND THB ETERNAL ORDER. By Prof. John Wright
Buckham, D.D. 190 pp. $1.00 net, postage 10 cts.
The all-absorbing question of the day is as to what is the Nature of
Christ. This is a careful, reverent, unpartisan study of the problem
for ministers and thoughtful students. The treatment of the theme is
divided into three parts :- 1. The Significance of Christ :- 2. Aspects
of Christ :- 3. Potencies of Christ.
DEMOCRACY IN THE CHURCH, By Rev. Edgar L Heermance.
268 pp. $1.25 net, postage 12 cts.
This is a fresh study of Congregational polity. In it the Author presents
a study of the Church in the Teachings of Jesus and the apostolic age,
sketches historically the passing and renascence of Democracy in the
State and in the Church. Following these is a discussion of modern
problems, church unity, the Ministry, etc.
DRAMATIC STUDIES. By Emma Florence Eaton. 95 pp. 75 cts.
net, postage 10 cts.
These are glowing word pictures of the splendid and strangely fascinat-
ing Israel of the past. In them, the scenes of long ago ages are depicted,
throbbing with life, color and manifold moaning.
SAMUEL J. MILLS. By Rov. Thomas C. Richards. $1.25 not,
postage 12 cts.
This is the life story of a man who one hundred years ago woke the
spirits of missions in America - the first Student Volunteer. It is a
missionary book of peculiar interest.
TALKS WITH THB TRAINING CLASS. By Margaret Slattery.
100 pp. Papor 25 cts. net, paper boards 60 cto. net, postage 5 cte.
A practical manual for teacher-training classes, containing ten lessons,
with an introduction by Patterson Du Bois.
LETTERS TO SUNDAY-SCHOOL TEACHERS. By Presidont
Henry Churchill King. 200 pp. $1.00 net, postage 8 cte.
In this volume President King gives in familiar, personal letters to
young people his own deepest convictions with regard to the religion
of Jesus Christ. It is earnest, helpful, convincing. The language of
theology is not found in it, but the truth is there, and put in such a
way as to appeal most strongly to thinking young people.
THB SONO OF OUR SYRIAN GUEST
By William Allen Knight, is produced in an unique manner, with
peculiar artistic tasto, that not only makes the publication pleasing as
an example of book making, but satisfies the artistic sonse by its
originality and harmony of schemo.
An interesting frontispiece from a painting by Harold Sichel, will
embellish tho fore part of this publication, also the Twenty-Third
Psalm printed in two colors with decorative border and embellishments
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tive fly-leaves, bound in boards with colored label. Sizo, 8,5 inches,
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This edition of The Song or THE SYRIAN Guest is printed in two colors
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lication. The cover is of heavy Ganges stock, double foldod, printed
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Sixty pages, size 642 x 7 inches; bound in flexible cover with decorated
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colors and will have a beautiful insort of pleasing design printed in
three colors ; ono losed in a slip box 50 cts. net, postage 8 cte.
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book will include an insert, designed by Harold Sichel, printed in three
colors, which addition gives added interest and charm to this delight-
ful book. 60 cts., postage 6 cts.
CHRISTMAS CARD.
Of unusual attraction and of originality of plan, and will doubtless
please all those who desire a gift that is both unusual and beautiful.
This Card is produced in the farm of a folder, enclosed in a decor-
ated envelope, which folder when spread to full length is 191/2 inches
by 9 inches high, which being printed on heavy paper, folds in four sec-
tions, so that it stands similar to a four section screen, upon desk or table.
This folder includes a reproduction in four colors, of the SHEPHERD.
from a painting by Harold Sichel, in opposition to which is the TWENTY-
THIRD Psalu, also printed in four colors, embellished through-out in
gold and red. 35 cts., postage, 3 cts.


148
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
LAIRD & LEE'S GREAT STANDARDS
SERIES OF DICTIONARIES
HIGHEST AWARD OF HONOR THE WORLD CAN BESTOW
OBVERSE
REVERSE

TOVISN
SETNIA
WARDED TO
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WISS
LAIRDELEE
SALE
BUFFALO
CHARLESTON
ST. LOUIS
CHARLESTON
PORTLAND, ORE.
Webster's New Standard Dictionaries
WEBSTER'S
NEW
STANDARD
| DICTIONARY
NEW STANDARD
LIBRARYCHTO
att
Size, 6x8 inches.
1% inches thick.
LIBRARY EDITION. For Library, Home and Office use. Dictionaries
of Mythology, Biography, Geography, Biblical, Historical and Classical
Names, English Word-building, Rules in Orthography, Musical, Legal
and Medical Terms and Symbols, Foreign Phrases, Abbreviations, Metric
System, Proofreading, including 13 special Encyclopedic Features, in
WEBSTER'S
addition to the Dictionary proper. 900 illustrations, 30 full-page plates,
11 in colors, 784 pages. Size, 6 x 8 inches. Patent thumb indexed. Full DICTIONARY
flexible leather, polished green edges. In box. $2.50.
Will make a beautiful holiday or gift book.
HIGH SCHOOL AND COLLEGIATE EDITION. For High
Schools, Colleges and Universities. Contains all special departments of
Library Edition. Large clear print. Proper Nouns indicated by capital
initials. Degrees of Adjectives, Present Participles and Imperfect tenses
of Verbs, Plurals of Nouns, Synonyms and Diacritical Marks foot of each
Size, 6x8 inches.
page. 784 pages. 900 text engravings, 26 full-page plates, 6 in colors.
1% inches thick.
Half leather, gold stamping, marbled edges, patent thumb index. $1.50.
STUDENTS' COMMON SCHOOL EDITION. Without medical, legal
and mythological dictionaries. 750 pages, 840 illustrations, 19 full-page
plates, two pages colored maps, Eastern and Western Hemispheres, a feature
found in this edition only. Special frontispiece, black silk cloth, side and
back title in gold. 75 cents.
WEBSTERS
Full flexible black leather, red edges, patent thumb indexed. $1.00.
INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL EDITION. A new dictionary. Hand
composition, new plates used exclusively for this edition. 30,000 words.
6,000 synonyms. Proper nouns indicated by capital initials. Degrees of
adjectives, irregular forms of verbs, plural of nouns, hundreds of new words.
Key diacritical marks foot of each page. Evolution of diacritical markings ;
signs used in writing and typography. Vocabulary words in bold black type.
456 pages. 600 text illustrations, two pages flags of nations in colors. Size,
434x614 inches, 1/4 inches thick. Black silk cloth, title in gold. 50 cts.
Size, 7x5% inches.
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL EDITION. For Elementary Grades. Root
words in bold black type. Profusely illustrated. Diacritical markings uniform with
other school editions. 416 pages ; 20,000 words and definitions. Black silk cloth,
side and back title in gold. 30 cents.



WEBSTER'S
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NEW STANDARD
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STUDENTS COMO Sog, Lotib
DESK Como
Size, 694 x 5 inches.

WEBSTER'S
NEW STANDARD
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WEDSTERS
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WARNING!
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covers over thirty copyrights granted by the Librarian of Congress. In other words,
we have the seal of the United States Government confirming our claim to originality,
a sufficient evidence in itself, that we have not copied or followed other dictionaries.
The general makeup, binding, and patented design and special features, stamp
Laird & Lee's lexicons as separate and distinct from any other series on the market.
IMEMESATE SCHOOL FOTIGN
Size, 44 x 644 inches.
Size,
542 x 448 inches.
For sale at all bookstores, schoolbook-supply houses, newsdealers, jobbers,
or sent direct upon receipt of price by the publishers.
LAIRD & LEE, 263-265 WABASH AVENUE, CHICAGO, U. S. A.


1906.]
149
THE DIAL
IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT
Books for the Fall and Holiday Season
BY OPIE READ
STANDARD
WEBSTER
POCKET
DICTIONARY
“BY THE ETERNAL.” Opie Read's Latest and Greatest Novel. The Story of a
PBY THE ETERNAL Modern Joshua. A fascinating page from unwritten history. Far exceeds anything that has yet
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greatest of American statesmen. The Irishman and the widow, with the mishaps of the hero,
convulse the reader with merriment. A splendid drama. 303 pages. Six halftones, colored
frontispiece, special silk cloth, with striking design in colors. $1.50.
THE SON OF THE SWORDMAKER. By Opie Read. The great tragedy and Triumph of
Calvary depicted from the standpoint of a soldier of Rome. Herod, Pilate, Nicodemus, Barabbas and
Joseph of Arimathea, play important parts in this great masterpiece. Large 12mo. Silk cloth,
special cover design, two exquisite colorgraphs, 6 half-tone engravings. 333 pages. $1.50.
Popular Trade Edition. Neat cloth cover, 50 cts.
KRAUSZ'S A B C OF MOTORING. Practical every-day automobile information, with
dictionary of terms. Types of cars, description of mechanisms, troubles of the road, art of driving, anatomy of the automo-
bile, speed laws of each State, foreign travel, etiquette of automobiling, numerous tables, etc. Appropriately illustrated.
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150
(Sept. 16, 1906.
THE DIAL
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THE
DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
ENTERED AT THE CHICAGO POSTOFFICE AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER
BY THE DIAL COMPANY, PUBLISHERS.
PAGE
.
THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 18t and 16th
BOOKS OF THE COMING YEAR.
of each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, $2. a year in advance,
postage prepaid in the United States, Canada, and Mexico;
Again the deluge ! The summer is over,
in other countries comprised in the Postal Union, 50 cents a
and the winter of the reviewer's discontent lies
year for extra postage must be added. REMITTANCES should
be by check, or by express or postal order, payable to THE in the near future. The machinery of book-
DIAL COMPANY. Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions
making is once more in full running order, and
will begin with the current number. When no direct request
to discontinue at expiration of subscription is received, it is the long lists of announcements which we dis-
assumed that a continuance of the subscription is desired. close elsewhere bear witness to the touching
ADVERTISING RATES furnished on application. All communi-
confidence of the guild of authorship, and to
cations should be addressed to
THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago.
the undaunted faith of the publishing profes-
sion that somehow, somewhere, all these new
books will find their purchasers, and possibly
even their readers, in sufficient numbers to
No. 486. SEPTEMBER 16, 1906. Vol. XLI. justify the cost attendant upon their produc-
tion. As in past years, we now once more
CONTENTS.
seek to indicate a few of the noteworthy books
that are already well on their
way toward pub-
BOOKS OF THE COMING YEAR
151
licity. We confine our attention to the depart-
ments of biography, history, and belletristic
A PAGE FROM PASCAL. Percy F. Bicknell 153
literature in general, making no attempt to
COMMUNICATIONS
155
illustrate the special categories that constitute
“Taking Chances with Milton.” Samuel T. Pickard the greater part of the entire list.
The Duty of Scholars Toward Spelling Reform.
There is no sort of book more satisfactory
W. H. Johnson
to the serious reader than a good biography.
Cæsar's “Thrasonical Brag." Samuel Willard. Given a life that is worth recording, and a
treatment that is sympathetic without resorting
THE STORY OF A BROKEN LIFE
156
to exaggeration of praise, the product of this
THE EVOLUTION OF OUR NATIONALITY. reaction can hardly fail of success. It may
fall
St. George L. Sioussat
159 far short of the ideal perfection of a Boswell
A BRIEF BIOGRAPHY OF HERBERT SPENCER.
or a Lockhart, and still prove a cause of sin-
T. D. A. Cockerell
164
cere gratitude to many readers. Among the
works of this class at present heralded, Miss
THE NEW ORDER IN FINANCE. Frank L.
Elizabeth Bisland's “ Life and Letters of Laf-
McVey
165
cadio Hearn” must surely take a high place.
Conant's Principles of Money and Banking.
So romantic a career and so rich a personality
Wildman's Money Inflation in the United States. -
Cleveland's The Bank and the Treasury. - Law-
as Hearn's are not often to be found for treat-
son's Frenzied Finance.
ment, and his letters will be certain to illumi-
nate his books in many unexpected ways. We
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS .
. 166
may also look forward with much interest to
Voyagers, pirates, and explorers of the Pacific. -
The Federal Union and the States in the Civil War.
Mrs. Pennell's portraiture of Charles Godfrey
-The biography of a famous blue-stocking.-- Free Leland. Sir Henry Irving is the subject of
dom of the early press in Massachusetts. -- Another two forthcoming biographies, one by his inti-
Fern Book.– A Confederate surgeon and chaplain, mate business associate, Mr. Bram Stoker, the
afterwards bishop. — The cloudy architecture of
the sky.
other by Mr. Percy Fitzgerald, that veteran
chronicler of the English stage. We await
NOTES
169
with special interest Mr. H.C. Chatfield-Taylor's
life of Molière, because we know something of
ANNOUNCEMENTS OF FALL BOOKS
. 170
(A classified list of books announced for publica-
the conscience and intelligence which for several
tion during the coming Fall and Winter season.) years the author has brought to bear upon its
.
.


152
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
preparation. In the way of modern literary Thoughts,” the “ Letters Personal and Liter-
biography, no announcement is more promising ary” of “Owen Meredith," the 66 Early Essays
than that of Mr. Bliss Perry's life of Walt and Lectures ” of Canon Sheehan, “ The Text
Whitman. This, we may be assured, will turn of Shakespeare,” by Professor Lounsbury, Mr.
out to be a temperate and balanced study, free Trevelyan's “ The Poetry and Philosophy of
from the extravagances of Whitmania, yet fully George Meredith,” Mr. Herbert Paul's “ Stray
conscious of the extraordinary vitality and vis Leaves,” Professor A. S. Cook's “The Higher
ion displayed in Whitman's work. Mr. G. K. Study of English,” Professor Gayley's “The
Chesterton, who is to give us a Dickens and a Plays of Our Forefathers,” and the “ Addresses
Kingsley, will entertain us if he does not in of John Hay.” We also note with great sat-
struct. As examples of autobiography, we isfaction that the second volume of M. Jusser-
must single out the “ Reminiscences " of Mr. and's “Literary History of the English People’
W. M. Rossetti, and the “ Reminiscences of is at last, after many vicissitudes, ready for
My Childhood and Youth,” by Dr. Georg English publication.
Brandes. We are particularly impressed by the From the hundreds of novels already an-
unusual number of French memoirs included nounced, most of which are likely to appear
in the announcements of the present season. during the next few weeks, the task of selection
An inspection of our historical list empha- is difficult. As far as it goes, the following
sizes more than ever before the fact that im- list will be found fairly representative of the
portant works of this class are published present-day activity in English fiction : “Sophy
nowadays in instalments, whether they are in of Kravonia,” by “ Anthony Hope”; “The
dividual performances or coöperative enter Call of the Blood,” by Mr. Robert Hichens ;
prises. All that may now be done is to report - The Mirror of the Sea,” by Mr. Joseph Con-
progress upon works already in part before the rad; “Sir Nigel,” by Dr. A. Conan Doyle;
public, and to note the beginnings of new under Chippinge Borough,” by Mr. Stanley J. Wey-
takings. It seems that we are soon to welcome man; “ The Far Horizon,” by “ Lucas Malet”;
Part IV. of Blok’s “ History of the People of “ The White Plume," by Mr. S. R. Crockett;
the Netherlands"; three volumes of the “His “ Prisoners," by Miss Mary Cholmondeley;
tory of England,” edited by Mr. Oman ; the “In the Shadow of the Lord," by Mrs. Hugh
two concluding volumes of Mr. Rhodes's “ His Fraser; “ In the Days of the Comet," by Mr.
tory of the United States from the Compromise H. G. Wells ; “ The Battle of the Weak,” by
of 1850"; the second volume of Professor Mrs. Henry Dudeney ; - The Beloved Vaga-
Channing's “ History of the United States”; bond,” by Mr. William J. Locke ; “ Paul,” by
the fifth (and concluding) volume of Mr. Her Mr. E. F. Benson ; “ The Spirit of Bambatse,"
bert Paul's “ History of Modern England”; by Mr. H. Rider Haggard ; “ The Cattle-
a second volume of Dr. Lea's “ Inquisition of Baron's Daughter," by Mr. Harold Bindloss ;
Spain"?; a volume on “ The Thirty Years' “ A Knight of the Cumberland,” by Mr. John
War” in the “ Cambridge Modern History”; Fox, Jr.; “A Lady of Rome," by Mr. F.
the fourth volume of Mr. Andrew Lang's Marion Crawford; “ The Amulet,” by Charles
“ History of Scotland”; no less than six addi- Egbert Craddock”; and “Bob Hampton of
tional volumes of “ The American Nation,” as Placer," by Mr. Randall Parrish. There is
edited by Professor Hart; two new volumes of promise of entertainment, at least, in this selec-
Mr. Doyle's “ English Colonies in America”; tion of books, although the best of them can
and the second volume of Dr. Hill's " History hardly expect to be more than “ a novel of the
of Diplomacy.” Two new enterprises of special year. Of far more lasting value, no doubt, is
interest are « A History of Rome in the Middle the translation of Senator Fogazzaro's “ 11
Ages,” by Mr. F. Marion Crawford and Sig. Santo,” a novel that has already attracted the
G. Tomassetti, and Sig. P. Molmenti's “History attention of the intellectual world everywhere,
of Venice" translated by Mr. Horatio F. Brown. and is now just ready for the American market.
The category of literary history and miscel We wish that it were possible to close this
lany offers us many titles, but few of outstanding prospectus with the promise of some good poetry,
importance. We may mention Professor Sey. but we have scanned the lists in vain. We note
mour's “Life in the Homeric Age” and Mr. one encouraging sign, however, the sign of a
Andrew Lang's “ Homer and His Age” as an renewed attention to the poetic drama.
An
example of coincidence. We may also men unnamed dramatic poem by Mr. Stephen Phil-
tion Mr. Frederic Harrison's 6. Memories and lips is to appear, and Mr. Percy Mackaye, a


1906.]
153
THE DIAL
young American of considerable promise, is to and fanciful, but to the age of Descartes and Spinoza
give us a “ Jeanne d'Arc ” and a “ Sappho and it was a not unfamiliar way of looking at mathema-
Phaon - both works in verse, and both in-
tics; and something like this Pythagorean belief in
tended for actual performance. Any indication
the mystic virtues of number and calculation seems
of a narrowing of the breach between closet really to have taken possession of the thoughtful
child. Indeed, his sister, Madame Périer, tells us
drama and acting drama must be welcomed by
all who have the interests of the stage at heart.
(to use her very words): “Comme il trouvait dans
cette science la vérité qu'il avait si ardemment re-
cherchée, il en était si satisfait qu'il y mettait son
esprit tout entier.”
The significant fact, however, and to us the regret-
A PAGE FROM PASCAL.
table fact, in Pascal's development is that he so early
gave over "watering and nourishing the rational
Among the manifestations of pure genius, not the principle in his soul” (Plato's words once more),
least remarkable is the famous achievement of the and chose to curb his reason, to consecrate his ener-
boy Pascal. Denied access to mathematical works gies to the cause of religion, to devote a part at least
until he should have well grounded himself in the of his splendid intellectual powers to the sterilities
languages, the twelve-year-old child was one day of theological controversy, and by a harsh asceticism
surprised by his father in the act of demonstrating, and rigorous self-discipline to bring to an early end
with the aid of a charcoal diagram on the floor of the life that might have counted for so much more
his play-room, the thirty-second proposition of the even than it now does count for in the history of
first book of Euclid (the exterior angle of a triangle
human progress.
Pure as were the motives that
is equal to the sum of the two interior and opposite decided him, at the age of thirty-two, to join the
angles, and the three angles of a triangle together Solitaries of Port Royal, one cannot but feel that
equal two right angles). In secret, and in his there was something of intellectual recreancy in his
hours of recreation, the boy had thought out the thus seeking repose and safety for his soul to the
mathematical axioms, and had invented such terms suppression of his reasoning faculties. To be sure,
and definitions as he required to push his geo every thoughtful person arrives sooner or later at
metrical researches to the point where he was the perplexing and humbling consciousness of the
caught eating of the forbidden fruit from the tree slippery elusiveness of truth in the grasp of reason.
of knowledge.
We learn, after baffling endeavors to prove the con-
It is a familiar truth that the development of the trary, that truth may lie neither in affirmation nor
individual is an epitome of the development of the in denial, neither in the proof nor in the disproof of
race; but most of us have this truth forced home a proposition; or, rather, it may lurk bewilderingly
rather by a humiliating sense of painfully working in both — may, so to speak, enjoy a vigorous vitality
out the beast and letting the ape and tiger die, than in two mutually destructive statements of the case.
by the proud consciousness of rapid intellectual pro As Pascal himself says in the twenty-fourth chapter
gress in early childhood from aboriginal feebleness of his Pensées, “There are, then, many religious
of mind to a Newtonian or Keplerian quickness of and moral truths which seem repugnant, but which
apprehension and power of reasoning. To travel all have their place in an admirable order. The
unassisted, in a few years of childhood, the long path source of all heresies is the exclusion of some of
of man's slow and arduous advance in mathematical these truths. . . . And it commonly happens that,
science during some hundreds (or shall we say thous unable to conceive the inter-relation of two opposing
ands ?) of centuries, was the astonishing performance truths, and believing that the avowal of one carries
of Blaise Pascal; and the father's sudden discovery with it the denial of the other, they (the heretics]
of what his boy had achieved may well have sent adopt the one and exclude the other." Yet all this
him into those tearful raptures with which he hastened does not excuse the rationalist for giving up the
away to surprise and bewilder his old friend Le fight. The bounds of the domain of thought are to
Pailleur. Whether or not Stephen Pascal and his be enlarged by him if by anyone.
friend were acquainted with Plato, does not appear; But in deploring Pascal's early retirement to the
but had they been, they might have recognized in quiet of the cloister, we must not overlook the effect
the lad's early inclination a veritable Platonic on his delicate organization of that narrow escape
ing for that knowledge which is "the turning round from a frightful death which probably hastened his
of a soul from darkness visible to the upward path relinquishment of worldly pursuits. It was but
of truth and being.” “ This mathematical science,” natural that he should ask himself whether the in-
says Socrates in the “ Republic," "appears to me to
terests that had hitherto engrossed him were worthy
be a study which leads naturally to reflection, and of an immortal soul that had once been aroused to
is of the kind which we are seeking, but has never a sense of the stupendous mysteries of existence.
been rightly used; for it is really of use in drawing At the same time, in devoting himself more to the
us toward being.” And elsewhere: “Geometry will things of faith than to those of reason he made a
draw the soul toward truth, and create the spirit of curious attempt to silence the protests of the latter
philosophy. . ." All this is perhaps somewhat forced by devising a sort of mathematical demonstration of


154
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
the reasonableness of a belief in God. Either God that she must be blistered or die, “I won't be
is, he said, or He is not: human reason is powerless blistered, and I won't die!”
to determine which.
but
to weigh the chances for and against. On which a brief falling from grace and a temporary yielding
side shall I stake my
fortunes ? But must I stake to the seductions of secular science. During a severe
them at all? Cannot I put the question quite out of attack of toothache, which rendered sleep impossible,
my thoughts ? No; each act of nine implies a cer he amused himself with working out a certain prob-
tain solution of this unique problem. It is all too lem having to do with the properties of the cycloid.
clear that I must act one way if there is a God, These frivolous midnight diversions he would have
another way if there is not. Therefore I must lay kept from the public had not a friend persuaded him
my wager on one side or the other. Let us examine to let the mathematical world profit by his discovery.
the conditions of the bet. In this game, as in every He accordingly offered a prize of sixty pistoles for
game of chance, there are two things to consider the best solution of the problem; but no competitor,
the degree of probability, and the magnitude of the in the judges' opinion, showed himself worthy of the
risk. Since the question transcends reason alto- prize — perhaps not having enjoyed the stimulus of
gether, we can affirm no more probability on one a toothache. Those who are versed in such matters
side than on the other; hence the two probabilities maintain that from Pascal's solution there was but a
may be held to cancel each other, and naught but step to the differential calculus : so near did that
the naked hazard remains. On one side we have toothache bring him to thinking the thoughts of
the finite to lose, on the other the infinite to gain. Newton and Leibnitz before them.
But the finite, whatever its magnitude, is as nothing Of the lessons to be learned from the life of this
compared with the infinite. Then in reality we risk man who was from first to last so fascinated by the
at the utmost only an infinitely small on the chance eternal riddle of existence, and who was in his per-
of gaining an infinitely great. The demonstration son an incarnation of one of the everlasting antino-
is conclusive, and we must lay our wager on the side mies, one of the most important and most obvious
of God's existence. Curiously enough, Pascal, with is this : we do not see things as they really are unless
all his logical acuteness, has here overlooked the we see them clothed in beauty as we long ago
fact that this demonstration proceeds on the gratui- learned from high authority. Pascal's morality was
tous assumption that a belief in God is necessary to distorted.
distorted. Turning morbidly ascetic, he hated inno-
our participation in the benefits accruing from His cent pleasures, viewed the natural impulses as sinful,
existence; whereas it is just as conceivable that inculcated a mode of life that would make celibate
those benefits are bestowed on the faithless and monks and nuns of us all, pushed delicacy to the
faithful alike, even as the rain falls equally on the extreme where it merges into pruriency, repulsed
unjust and on the just.
the love of sisters and friends as taking him from
The issue of this struggle between worldly culture the service of a Being who, after all, may be in no
and ecclesiastical restraint is the less to be regretted crying need of human ministrations, consecrated
for the fact that to it we probably owe the “Pro- poverty instead of seeking to lessen it, abandoned
vincial Letters," which effected far more for French the intellectual pursuits for which he was so nobly
prose than did the author's previous mathematical gifted because the problems of science had nothing
and physical researches accomplish for science, while to do with the dogmas of theology, and as a fitting
at the same time these letters inflicted a castiga- sequel to it all tortured himself into a premature
tion on the Jesuits from which that order has not
grave. • As he brings the heart into hopeless con-
yet ceased to smart. Their wit and satire, even to Alict with reason," writes Leslie Stephen, who has
day, when the questions at issue are dead and buried, already been quoted : " as he manages at once to
afford keen enjoyment. Besides the " Letters," exaggerate the baseness and the grandeur of human
we owe to the Port Royal period the fragmentary nature; as he urges alternately with extraordinary
Pensées, which are really preliminary notes for an keenness two aspects of truth, and is forced to make
intended vindication of Christianity. As the earlier them contradictory instead of complementary; as
work had been an assault on dogmatism, so the latter his moral position is on one side pure, elevating, ind
struck a blow against rationalism. Despite its lack a standing rebuke to all the meaner tendencies of
of form and method, it made an impression when his generation, and yet, on the other, becomes mor-
published, and still impresses. It is one of the books bid, perverse, and impracticable, because he has
that demand a reading. “You may not cease to be separated life into its incommensurable elements, —
a skeptic after reading Pascal,” says Sainte-Beuve ; he leaves us not a final solution but a problem: How
“but you must cease to treat believers with con to form a system which shall throughout be reason-
tempt.” Much beyond this the free-thinking reader able and founded upon fact, and yet find due place
will probably refuse to accompany Pascal. "Drown
“ Drown and judicious guidance for the higher elements,
your reason with holy water,” he seems to command which he has really perverted in the effort to exag-
us, “silence the voice of protest with masses, or perish gerate their importance?”
with the beasts of the field.” We reply, says one Thus the problem presented proves to be the same
noted free-thinker, Leslie Stephen, as the old Duchess old problem that has for ages perplexed those who
of Marlborough replied to her doctor's declaration would be Greeks and Hebrews at one and the same


1906.]
155
THE DIAL
.
time, the problem that furnished Matthew Arnold of linguistics and literature? The attempt to influence
with the theme of his best-known book, the problem
school boards to foist their arbitrary lists upon helpless
that baffles us to-day and will continue to puzzle and
children should be resisted with the utmost energy by
fascinate the thinkers of the world for many a long
every means at hand. These self-constituted reformers
age to come. But perhaps the best of all that Pascal
are powerless to introduce anything save disorder and
has to offer us, and the most likely to prove fruitful,
additional labor, and all who are interested in keeping
the language in the true path of gradual evolution,
is the picture he presents of an earnest soul fired
where it may yield automatically to the stimulus of the
with the passion for perfection. The grandeur and slowly improving taste of successive generations, should
the pathos of this hopeless aspiration move us deeply. set themselves firmly against this unauthorized and
Probably more need the stimulus than the warning impertinent interference.
W. H. JOHNSON.
of his example; for warning it unmistakably con-
Granville, Ohio, September 6, 1906.
tains. “ Aspiring to be angels, men rebel.” Aiming
to be divine, they become less than human. Losing
sight of the golden mean, departing from the Greek
CÆSAR'S “THRASONICAL BRAG."
sound-mindedness or temperance (sophrosune, to
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
attempt a transliteration), they commit all sorts of
When I was a boy I read in one of those school his-
wild and foolish extravagances. And, curiously
tories that shape the juvenile mind that Julius Cæsar
enough, Pascal stands convicted out of his own mouth, announced to the Roman senate his victory over Phar-
as might be shown by more than one citation. For naces at Zela by the memorable concatenation of the
a single instance, in chapter eight of the Pensées alliterative phrase, “ Veni! Vidi! Vici!” Richard Grant
we read, “ C'est sortir de l'humanité que de sortir White got off a joke at the now current pronunciation
du milieu : la grandeur de l'âme humaine consiste à of Latin, that it turns the majestic sonority of those high-
savoir s'y tenir.”
sounding dissyllables into the faint utterance of “wany,
PERCY F. BICKNELL. weedy, weaky," which is a poor brag. But however
“weaky " this may sound, the Romans may have done
what the Spaniards do in their strongly Latinish lan-
guage: in their regular conjugations, except the one cor-
responding to the Latin first, they accent in the first and
COMMUNICATIONS.
third persons of the perfect tense the final syllable. Try
it, and you restore the sonority.
“ TAKING CHANCES WITH MILTON.”
Then I found in “ As You Like It" sarcastic Rosalind
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
dealt the conqueror a stroke, saying, “ There was never
anything so sudden but the fight of two rams, and Cæsar's
The leading article in your issue of September 1, on
thrasonical brag of • I came, saw, and overcame.'” The
« The Edict of Oyster Bay,” pleases me by the force
great dramatist seems to have liked to refer to this
and brilliancy of its presentation of the “stand pat
phrase: not only is it in both Latin and English in the
side of the spelling contest now raging. The writer
ridiculous letter of Armado in “ Love's Labour Lost,"
quotes a passage from Milton which he assumes would
but in “ Cymbeline” the queen says proudly, “ A kind
be spoiled by changing his spelling of “Sulphur,” and
of conquest Cæsar made here, but made not here his
adds: “We must take no chances with Milton!”
brag of came' and saw' and overcame.'”
Must n't we? Have n't we? I have before me a photo De Quincey admires Julius Cæsar, but contributes a
graphed facsimile of Milton's handwriting, dated “Jan'y
rather contemptuous kick when he says of a later
10,1639,” and it contains this famous sentence: “If
emperor, “In one sentence of his dispatch, Aurelian
vertue feeble were, Heaven it selfe would stoope to
aimed at a contest with the great Julian gasconade of
her." Would not THE DIAL “ take chances with Milton"
Veni-Vidi-Vici. His words are, · Fugavimus, obsedimus,
if it were called upon to quote this fine sentiment? I
cruciavimus, occidimus.'”
think it would take at least four chances.
With such testimonies against the great founder of
SAMUEL T. PICKARD.
the Roman Empire, I let the imputation lie in mind
Amesbury, Mass., Sept. 8, 1906.
without further thought, until one day when I suddenly
said to myself, “ I know Julius Cæsar too well to believe
that story: brag was foreign to the habit and policy of
THE DUTY OF SCHOLARS TOWARD SPELLING
the great soldier." I thought of his History of the Gallic
REFORM.
War, in which he tells of his blunders, for instance,
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
the surprise by the Nervii, — as coolly as if he were
Allow me to thank you for your thoroughly sensible telling of Cyrus or Lysander of bygone centuries. How
words on the ill-considered entrance of the President easy it would have been to comment on his own prompti-
into the field of "spelling reform.” The five hundred tude in rallying his forces, and his personal valor in
most learned linguists and littérateurs of the English-taking sword and shield to fight in the ranks! And in
speaking world, if it could be ascertained who they are the treatise on the Alexandrian War, published now as
and if they could agree among themselves, could not coming from him (probably made from his notes by
get the following of the masses of educated men in any Aulus Hirtius), the battle of Zela, the one said to have
extensive and abrupt alterations of the natural current been announced so laconically, is not spoken of with any
of linguistic evolution. How much less is such a fol flourish of gratulation. Indeed, Colonel Dodge, in giv-
lowing to be expected for a self-constituted group of ing a military elucidation of the manœuvres of the battle,
men only a small fraction of whom have any claim what uses five times as many words as the historian does.
ever to exceptionally high standing in either of the fields Besides, considered as something to convey news, the
99


156
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
so-called dispatch of three words would have been empty,
absurd, even silly; and Cæsar never was silly.
The New Books.
Who started the story? Was it done by an ancient
writer ? I observe that Mommsen and most careful
writers on Roman history do not speak of the words as
THE STORY OF A BROKEN LIFE.*
a dispatch or official utterance. Canon Liddell says,
The life-story of that brilliant but erratic
“ The victory gained by Cæsar was announced at Rome
in the famous dispatch," etc. Merivale rather dis- genius, Oscar Wilde, whose sun of promise rose
credits the story, saying, “ The boastful phrase in which, so bright and had so dire a setting, is presented
according to the story, the victor announced it to the to us in a handsome and dignified volume by Mr.
senate."
Robert Harborough Sherard, who, as he tells us,
I turned to the ancients. Perhaps someone else may
have found more than I. Naturally, I turned to the
enjoyed the famous æsthete's intimate friendship
profuse anecdotage of Valerius Maximus; but in vain. for sixteen years before the gloomy end of the
Suetonius, great gatherer of gossip, tells us that when unfortunate man's meteoric course. Although
Cæsar had ended his wars he held five triumphs. He the book is confessedly an apology or defense,
says, “ Among the pageantry of the Pontic triumph, a
and promises at the outset to refute many cal-
tablet with this inscription was carried before him -
Veni, Vidi, Vici, — not signifying, as did other mottoes,
umnies and to effect noteworthy results in clear-
what was done, but the speed of the victory.”
ing from the foul aspersions of malignity a name
Plutarch's story implies a time for the origin of the still dear to hundreds of faithful disciples, yet
phrase later than any possible dispatch: perhaps it arose there is, fortunately, a wise avoidance of unsa-
in the familiarity of a conversation. Plutarch says,
“When he gave Amantius, a friend of his at Rome, an
vory details regarding the events that clouded
account of the action, to express the promptness and
Wilde's closing years and led to his tragic end.
rapidity of it he used three words -- I came and saw and His trial and imprisonment for an unnamable
conquered — which having in Latin all the same cadence, offense
are,
of course, involved in the narration,
carry with them a very suitable air of brevity.” This but are treated with commendable reserve, so
evidently was before the triumph.
Is this “thrasonical brag" or gasconade ? Plutarch
that the merely prurient reader will find nothing
speaks not of parade, but of an expression in friendly in the book to pay for the trouble of perusal.
intercourse. Notice that whoever depreciates his ad Into this forbidding portion of Wilde's life,
versary depreciates his victory, and removes his story which we feel has been made too much of already,
from the realm of boasting. The boaster tells of the
strength and valor of his opponent : the greater he
we do not propose to go, only noting briefly the
makes the difficulty of his achievement, the greater he biographer's contention that the unhappy man
makes the courage, power, and persistence of himself was dealt with with needless hardness and sever-
as conqueror. If Cæsar had set out to brag of his suc ity, owing in part to the popular clamor against
cess at Zela, he would have given as many details as in him; and that an understanding of “ the dismay-
his story of the battle with Ariovistus, or have spread
it out as Bunyan enlarges on Christian's sword-and- ing problem
ing problem” of Wilde's conduct is to be sought
shield fight with Apollyon. The brevity of the historical in a study of his unfortunate heredity and in the
account in the Alexandrian War and the contemptuous occasional “ epileptiform fits” which made him
brevity of the three words show that Cæsar thought for the time being morally irresponsible and
the thing hardly worth speaking of.
rendered him a more proper subject for restraint
But the passage from Suetonius what of that? In
that we see not Cæsar the man as we know him else-
in an asylum than for the severities of a prison
where, Cæsar the high-minded thinker and doer, but cell. In tracing Wilde's ancestry, and in noting
Cæsar the politician and the head of the state. It was therein the emergence of traits characteristic of
the duty of the general in a triumph to appear as the the decadent poet, Mr. Sherard has been indus-
representative of the state and of its glory and power.
trious and has labored not in vain. A Lombroso
He was officially a braggart, and must make the most
of the occasion to please the populace. He was a the-
would welcome his findings as a contribution to
atrical character, with face painted red. I can well pathological psychology.
conceive of Cæsar as riding up the Capitoline Hill in a Mr. Sherard's story of Wilde's prison life is
chariot, to dismount and offer sacrifice to a god in whom
be did not believe, while saying to himself, “What a
full of pathetic interest. Its chief significance
bore this is! Five days of such vanity! What fools these for many readers will be found in the fact that
Romans are! I prefer to be at my desk, but must yield it gave rise to what are perhaps the best of
to these throat-splitting, ear-rasping crowds!” Such a Wilde's literary productions in prose and verse
soliloquy represents to us the Cæsar that we know _“De Profundis” and “The Ballad of Reading
everywhere else, the man of business, too clear-sighted
Gaol.” Of the latter, the biographer well says
and great in spirit to overvalue his accomplished deeds,
pushing toward his ends, evading and avoiding crowns
that it would be worth while to go to jail to write
on the Lupercal, that he might be the foremost man of so great a poem. Of all Wilde's poems, this and
all the world and found the Empire.
SAMUEL WILLARD.
THE LIFE OF OSCAR WILDE. By Robert Harborough
Sherard. Illustrated with Portraits, Facsimile Letters, and
Harbor Springs, Michigan, September 5, 1906.
other Documents. New York: Mitchell Kennerley.
-


1906.]
157
THE DIAL
age
66
the noble ode to England, “ Ave Imperatrix,” It was probably this early fondness for button-
seem most likely to give him a permanent place hole flowers which later led to the exaggerated
in English literature. Included in Mr. Sherard's descriptions of his use of the sunflower and the
account of the poet's prison-life is a curious chap- lily as parts of his personal adornment. At the
ter which, we are asked to believe, was 6 written
age
of eleven the lad was sent to school at Ennis-
by one of the warders in Reading Gaol”; and, killen, where, it is recorded, he made rapid pro-
to make it still more convincing, a footnote adds gress in some branches, but was a “great dunce
that the express condition on which the chapter in the mathematical class.” He already “ showed
was contributed “ was that it should be printed that fondness for distinguished attire which ever
exactly as it stood in the manuscript, with no al marked him in life. . . . He was always very
teration of a single phrase or word or expression.' well dressed, and wore his hair long.' At the
Suspicion of even a comparatively innocent lit of seventeen he was sent to Trinity College,
erary fraud may be unworthy the high-minded Dublin, where he remained but a year, going
critic, but surely never turnkey wrote like this then to Oxford. Of his entrance into the great
turnkey. In general style and vocabulary, and English university, he says in “ De Profundis”
even in the details of punctuation and the use that “the two great turning-points in my life
of capitals, the warder's narrative approaches
were when
my
father sent me to Oxford, and
wonderfully near to Mr. Sherard's own high when society sent me to prison.” The two events
standard. Let us quote a single paragraph, and seem thus curiously related in Wilde's mind;
then, non-committally, leave the matter for those and this may perhaps account in a measure for
to puzzle over who choose.
the antipathy with which he was regarded by a
His gentle smile of sweet serenity was something to portion of the British public. His biographer
remember. It must have been a smile like this that
has some extraordinary comments on this point,
Bunyan wore as he lay in Bedford Gaol dreaming his
wonderful dreams. It must have been a similar smile
from which we will print a few sentences.
that illumined the noble face of St. Francis of Assisi “ It is possible that when he wrote those lines he was
when he spoke of his brother the wind and his sister thinking that if he had never been sent to Oxford the
the rain."
extraordinary latent madness which had brought him to
Turning with relief from Wilde's later to his the terrible place where he sat might never have been
earlier life, we find in Mr. Sherard's pages rather
roused into fatal activity.
For there is no use denying
it: Oxford, which is the finest school in the world for
full biographical and psychological sketches of
the highest culture, is also the worst training-ground for
his parents — the famous but somewhat coarse the lowest forms of debauchery. • • . Oxford produces
natured Dublin surgeon Sir William Wilde, side by side the saint, the sage, and the depraved liber-
and the brilliant but ill-balanced Lady Jane
tine. She sends men to Parnassus or the public house.
Francesca Wilde, the “Speranza” of contempo-
It is very possible that if Sir William Wilde had
not sent his second son to Oxford, but had left him in
raneous literary fame. Their second son, Oscar Ireland, where certain forms of perversion are unknown,
(whose full name has the high Celtic flavor of Oscar would now be living in Dublin, one of the lights
Oscar Fingal O'Flaherty Wills Wilde, some of of Trinity College, one of the glories of Ireland, a
his college poems being signed with the startling
scholar and a gentleman of universal reputation.
The man who approaches the study of this extraordinary
array of initials “0. F. 0. F. W. W.") was
degeneration of character in a scientific spirit, and with-
born in Dublin in October, 1854, and not, as out bias, cannot fail to feel the greatest suspicion that
stated in the 66 Dictionary of National Biog- Oscar Wilde was to a very large extent a victim of the
raphy,” in 1856. The child was, says Mr. Sher-
Oxford educational system, of the Oxford environment."
ard, a disappointment to his eccentric mother How much of exaggeration and how much of
because he was a boy, and “ for a long time after truth there may be in this biting arraignment
his birth he was treated as a girl, talked to as a is not for us to say. Passing quickly over the
girl, dressed as a girl.” This injudicious early many interesting chapters regarding Wilde's
training extended through his boyhood, which Oxford life, we note the influence upon him of
was passed amidst the most luxurious and in- John Ruskin, whom he heard in a course of
dulgent surroundings in the fashionable life of lectures on Art at the university. Wilde “soon
Dublin. As an example of the boy's extrava- began to show his taste for art and china, and
gant mode of life, his biographer says: his rooms were quite the show ones of the col-
"He must, in his opulent days, have spent many lege. . . . It was here that he made his well-
hundred pounds a year in cabs. He used to take a cab known remark, · Oh, would that I could live up
by the day, and the first address he gave to the driver
was a florist's shop, where he fetched for himself a
to my blue china,'” - a rather fatuous aspira-
buttonhole flower costing half a guinea, and another
tion in the light of his subsequent disastrous fail-
costing half a crown for his cabman.”
ure to live up to any standards in his private life.


158
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
At Oxford, Wilde wrote poems that were of lectures in the larger cities of this country
published in various magazines, and thus entered and Canada. Mr. Sherard's chapters on this
upon that literary career which was to continue episode in Wilde’s life are full of interest, espe-
until his death. Going to London, he assumed cially for American readers. In Boston, where
that affectation of dress and manner, that stilted he went directly from New York, he had an
and absurd pose, which brought him into ridi- amusing encounter with some Harvard students,
cule and contempt with the British public. But in which Wilde seems to have had decidedly the
at the same time it brought him into notice ; best of it. Just before th