th
Senator Fordyce of Keenville, who has long held small regard for anything but picturesque or imagi-
his State (politically) in the hollow of his band, native effect. We have read three novels of dual
having for his allies a choice assortment of leading personality within the past twelvemonth; two of
citizens. Francis Thayer, elected Governor of the them were trifling affairs designed to be amusing
State at the age of thirty-five, represents the younger and nothing more, but the third is the work of
generation, and it becomes his task to unmask the a serious writer whose talents we regret to see
Senator and defeat the nefarious schemes of the cor wasted upon so unprofitable a theme. It is entitled
rupt political ring. Having outlined so much of the “The Invader," and is written by Mrs. Margaret L.
situation, we are almost ashamed to waste further Woods. The heroine is a young woman, a student
space by adding that the Senator has a daughter, who struggling for honors at an Oxford College, who has
is devoted to her father, but who is forced to condemn the unpleasant habit of falling into a long sleep
him when his iniquities are exposed. Mr. Sage every few months, and awakening with a different
handles this stock situation skilfully, and gives his character and a different set of memories. This is
story a certain freshness by various accessory devices. particularly embarrassing to the don whom she mar-
The plot contrived for the hero's undoing is too ries, because he is in love with one of her alternating
flimsy to gain much credence, and it must have characters and indifferent toward the other. More-
been a very gullible Senate (we forgot to mention over, such is the perversity of man, it is the frivolous
that the Governor had been translated to Washington and reckless Mildred whom he loves, and not the
as his enemy's colleague) that voted to unseat him clinging and conscientious Milly. When the young
upon
the evidence offered. At the critical moment, woman awakes in the former character, she makes
the arch-offender comes to the scratch, confides his things particularly lively for her entourage, and
guilt to an astonished Senate, and takes his leave when she becomes Milly once more, she suffers
of politics forever. We refrain from insulting the from the consequences of Mildred's pranks. In


1907.)
65
THE DIAL
come
le
the character of Milly, which seems to be that which professor of psychology in a neighboring university,
is normally hers, she conceives a horror of the other He discovers the young woman's true character, and
creature who invades her peaceful domestic existence, at the same time discovers documents which make
and when she finds out that her husband prefers her an heiress. For all this, she could do no less
Mildred to herself, she puts an end to her rival's than love him, and the conventional romantic out-
existence by drowning the tenement common to
ensues. A vein of charming comedy is
them both. The interest of this fantastic tale is supplied by the appearance, among the summer
but moderate, which is chiefly due to the fact that boarders, of the university president's daughter, a
the author takes her subject over-seriously, instead soulful creature for whom life is one protracted pose.
of frankly abandoning herself to its possibilities of During her stay, the professor protects himself by
comedy and dramatic effect.
assuming the disguise of a farm hand, maintaining
“Fräulein Schmidt and Mr. Anstruther is a the deception far beyond any probable limits. Her
story told wholly in letters. Moreover, the letters endeavors to arouse his sluggish faculties to so
are all written by one person, to wit., Fräulein Rose-
conception of the higher life makes very diverting
Marie Schmidt, of Jena, the daughter of an impe- reading.
cunious scholar who writes unsalable books, and Judith Harriman is the heiress of a French estate
who occasionally takes young Englishmen into the amounting to twenty million francs, of which she
family to teach them German.
One of these guests
may take possession at any moment by presenting
is Roger Anstruther, who, when the story opens,
her claim. This she refuses to do, for some unex-
has just left for England after making violent love plained reason, and comes to America to earn her
to Rose-Marie, and contracting a secret engagement living. This causes despair to her mother, who is
with her. It is in her letters to him that the story living in poverty in Paris, and also to the Duke
is unfolded; from them we learn how his love grows de Montrésor, who has ardently wooed her charms
chill after a week or so, how he becomes engaged
and her millions. When her story begins for us, she
to an English heiress, about whom he writes in great is occupied in giving parlor-talks and recitations at
detail to Rose-Marie, how he fares in various ways a summer-school of soulful philosophers somewhere
during the following year (for he keeps on writing
in Connecticut. Here she meets the popular novelist
and she keeps on replying), how eventually the and poet, Sidney Conningsby, who promptly suc-
heiress takes umbrage at his voluminous German cumbs to her fascination. After an episode in which
correspondence and transfers her allegiance to a she is kidnapped by the duke, chloroformed, impris-
convenient duke, and how Roger then pleads in vain
oned in a New York hotel, and makes her escape,
to be taken back into the affections of Rose-Marie. she returns to the summer colony, presently marries
It is not very much of a story, but that does n't the poet, and goes away with him to spend a year
greatly matter, because it is Rose-Marie who really on the Isthmus, where he is to write his great novel.
interests us all the while, and because her letters are The year elapses, and they return with a manuscript
the most delightful compound of bourgeois realism, and a child. The manuscript is rejected (for some-
sentimental fancy, and delicate humor.
how the novelist seems to have lost his grip) and the
aspect, the book gives us the annals of a new child dies. Poverty overtakes the couple, and the
Buchholz family; in another, it pictures a charming husband is unfaithful to the wife, who leaves him,
individuality. It is quite evident that Roger made and becomes the “social secretary” of the real hero
a bad mistake when he let Rose-Marie slip from his of the book, a man of ample cardiac and muscular
grasp.
development, who has cherished the memory of a
Mrs. Martin's intimate studies of the “ Pennsyl-
casual meeting with her in France years before.
vania Dutch” have again borne fruit in a story
Then the faithless husband starts to run away with
marked by unusual powers of penetrating observa-
the new object of his affections. Their vehicle
tion. It is, moreover, a story of considerable human
collides with a trolley-car, and Conningsby is fatally
interest in the wider sense, although we find it some-
injured. Then Judith takes possession of his para-
what difficult to accept the extraordinary heroine.
mour, carries her away to Paris, claims the millions,
This young woman is of gentle extraction, but she
divides them between her rival, her mother, and an
has been abandoned in her infancy, and has fallen
amiable clergyman devoted to charitable works, and
into the hands of a thrifty and illiterate German
returns to America penniless. The death of her
farmer, in whose family she grows up as the house-
husband has left her free to marry the man who
hold drudge. To all outward seeming the embod-
has loved her all the time, and she yields grace-
iment of stolidity, she has, nevertheless, by the aid
fully to the inevitable. It will be seen from this
of a library of good literature left by her parents
synopsis that Judith's story is abundantly supplied
and stowed away in an unoccupied corner of the
with exciting incident; this is about all that may
farmhouse, made herself a woman of refined culture
possibly be said in its favor, for it is both unreal
in the best sense, although childishly ignorant of the
in characterization and preposterous in invention.
actual world of cultivation. When the farmer opens
It is the work of Miss Frances Agmar Mathews,
his doors to take in summer boarders, her opportunity
and is entitled “The Undefiled " for some mysteri-
appears, for among these boarders is the young
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE.
In one
ous reason.


66
[August 1,
THE DIAL
Native stories
and character.
Romance and
It is manifest that a unique people
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
of Japanese life can best be understood from its own
In spite of the historical importance
literature. A first-rate translation,
history of the of the event celebrated, the James giving the substance and color of the actual thought
Jamestown folk. town Exposition has called out fewer of an insular nation like the Japanese, is worth
books than former expositions. Among the James a wagon-load of the impressions of aliens. We
town books, Mrs. Roger A. Pryor's “ The Birth of have in two books by Dr. Walter Dening, issued
the Nation " (Macmillan) is easily the best. Mrs. by the Methodist Publishing House of Tokio,
Pryor has already made interesting contributions to Japan, such a mirror of life. These two works
history in “ The Mother of Washington and Her ought to be in every public library. One is entitled
Times” and “ Reminiscences of Peace and War," " Japan in Days of Yore,” in which are ten good
both of which are more serious efforts than the stories, mostly of the Yedo period of Japan's history,
present volume. In the work under review, Mrs. with six appendices containing storiettes, essays, de-
Pryor aims simply to give a readable sketch of the scriptions, and anecdotes, which richly supplement
early attempts at colonization by the English, with the main narratives. The second volume, historical
special attention to the Jamestown settlement and and critical in its character, is entitled “A New
the work of Captain John Smith. It is based
upon
Life of Toyotomi Hideyoshi," and is a revised and
all the available sources, and these have been fairly much improved edition of the author's work pub-
well used. There is no offensive display of the lished in 1888.
Dr. Dening, the translator, has
critical spirit; neither is the author credulous. Her lived much of his adult life-time in Japan, and his
attitude toward the traditions may be illustrated knowledge of the language and literature is profound
by her comment on John Smith: “He has been and exact. His English is limpid, flowing, and well
accused of coloring his narratives too highly; indeed, reproduces the original. Almost the only criticism
of inventing some of them. For myself, I admire to be made is upon his two-frequent use of allusions,
him too much to concede more than the cum grano references, and “ modern instances," which detract
salis with which, also, we daily and hourly season from rather than add to the value of his work.
much that we hear.” Some of John Smith's fabri Nevertheless, it may safely be said that since
cations are forgiven as having been based on the prin Mitford's “ Tales of Old Japan” there has been
ciple enunciated by the Sunday-school boy: “A nothing of the sort quite so useful and entertaining
lie is an abomination unto the Lord and a very as these stories of actual Japanese life, with its lights
present help in time of trouble.” The reader is and shadows, its curious customs, its odd and quaint
thankful to Mrs. Pryor for exhibiting the humorous phenomena of emotion and ethics, which were pos-
side of things. Even the temperance people cannot sible only in feudalism and on an island shut away
prevent us from feeling amused at the first Indian from the rest of the world. The anecdotes of judicial
who met his “greefe” through “hot drinks, but procedure under the famous Oka, Echizen no Kami,
was all right next morning"; and what a country who was a sort of Japanese Solomon, are particularly
it was where much land could be purchased for racy. He, too, certainly knew how to decide when
“two great guns and a grindstone”! and what a two women claimed motherhood of the same infant.
man was the redoubtable John Smith, for whom a Mr. Dening's foot-notes and explanations of such
gallows was erected, but who “could not be pre- peculiarly Japanese institutions as hara-kiri, ju-jutsu,
vailed on to use it”! In the way of criticism, it and phases of Bushido, are especially timely when
may be said that the author seems to think that even the average Occidental is beginning to discover
Powhatan is a name, not a title; that too much some of the reserves of power which do not appear
space is devoted to descriptions of the Indians and on the surface, but explain why and how the Japanese
their life, and not enough attention to conditions succeed. Turning from native fiction to history, Mr.
among the colonists; that there is no index, and Dening, having digested many books on his favorite
some of the illustrations would be better suited to theme, gives in his other work an animated narra-
a work of fiction. The reviewer would also like tive of a man who, like Napoleon, was not physically
tremblingly to object to the statement of the Virginia imposing, yet who rose from the lowest stratum of
lady that a “hoe-cake” is now cooked before the fire; society to be the unifier and dictator of Japan. Hide-
that method is of the past. Mrs. Pryor speaks a yoshi made his way through all obstacles, and even
good word for the too numerous gentlemen who first built a temple to his own honor, hoping that after
came to the new world; and her estimate of the his death he might be enrolled among the gods of
Jamestown colony is worth quoting : “The minia his people. Although he failed in this, it is certain
ture republic — for such it rapidly grew to be in that in courage, originality, fertility of resource,
nearly everything except in name - held within its knowledge of human nature, generosity, and versa-
borders just the elements that distinguish the great tility of mind, Hideyoshi had among his countrymen
republic of to-day: some noble spirits with high aims few equals and no superiors. Iyeyasu, who gave
and fervent patriotism ; some sordid souls intent Japan peace for two centuries and a half, built
upon
alone on gain; some unprincipled, desperate char the foundations of Hideyoshi, -- or, in the Japanese
acters; others simply useless, idle and ignoble.” caricature, Nobunaga pounded the dough, Hideyoshi


1907.]
67
THE DIAL
made it into cakes for the oven and did the baking, d'Alembert, her dearest friend and constant com-
while Iyeyasu sat on the silk cushions and ate the panion, accused her of being entirely without heart
cake. Altogether, these books belong to the sort and incapable of love. The correspondence has
that will not stand idle on the shelves.
become a part of the world's famous literature, and
has served as a basis for fiction in many tongues.
Those who have read “ Ten Acres
A three-acre
Only a few years ago, reviewers vied with one
Enough" and Hubert's "Liberty and
Paradise.
another for the credit of discovering Julie de
a Living” are likely to recall both Lespinasse in the heroine of “Lady Rose's
those works on taking up “Three Acres and Liberty,” Daughter,” and all those who had not yet made
by Mr. Bolton Hall; and, aside from the title, there
the acquaintance of the historical Julie hastened to
are suggestions of both books in the contents — not
read the famous letters, which were far more fasci-
in any attempt at copying, but in the spirit that
nating than
any
novel written about them could ever
informs the writer. It will be seen that Mr. Hall
hope to be.
But there was much of mystery still
goes several steps farther than the author of the
clinging to the noted Frenchwoman's life; the
first-named book; and he is more enthusiastic than
tragedy of her last years had little connection with
Mr. Hubert, who is known to have given up his
the equally interesting and complex history of her
experiment at country living. The volume under
youth, her long Platonic friendship for d'Alembert,
consideration is not a text-book in agriculture or
her influence on Condorcet, Turgot, Hume, Suard.
horticulture, but rather a series of suggestive chap Nor did the Guibert letters more than hint at an
ters as to what may be accomplished by those who
earlier love-affair, quite as intense, as tragic, and as
are weary of the confinement of city life and are
mysterious. The Marquis de Ségur, therefore, did
willing to work for their freedom. The author has
a work of interest to many when he searched the
been deeply moved by the belp afforded needy men
archives of all the great French families in any
and women by means of the vacant city lots which
intimate way connected with Julie de Lespinasse,
they are allowed to use for gardens; and he cites
and, having solved most of the riddles of her life,
many examples, with facts and figures, to show what published å book detailing his discoveries. The
may be done with the smallest plot of ground, both
volume is not entirely well constructed, but this is
in growing and in marketing produce. He lays partly due to the necessity under which the author
great stress on intensive culture, and includes a
labored of wiping out some mistaken but generally
chapter descriptive of accessible places where cheap
current theories of Julie's birth and early life before
land may still be obtained, mentioning also what may
he proceeded to his direct testimony. It would have
be grown there. Of course, not everything that prop-
been quite impossible to make a bald biography with
erly belongs in such a work could be included, yet
such interesting material, and the Marquis de Ségur
orie notes with some surprise the omission of any
has brought enough personal interest and enthu-
reference to the peach region of Michigan. In fact,
siasm to his work to counteract largely his lack of
the author is not always sufficiently specific in re constructive literary ability. The book has been
gard to regions adapted to special products, probably adequately translated by P. H. Lee Warner, and is
assuming that those who are interested in the sub- published by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co., with an
ject will investigate further. While, as has been
interesting photogravure portrait of the charming
said, the work is not a text book, yet on some un-
subject.
familiar topics there are quite full directions, —
as, for example, the construction of greenhouses,
The volume entitled “Indiscreet Let-
Echoes of the
conducting a “violet farm,” and preparing wild
ters from Peking” (Dodd, Mead &
drug-plants for market. Other subjects treated are
in China in 1900. Co.) is an interesting and a puzzling
“How to Buy the Farm,” “The Kitchen Garden,”
book. It purports to contain letters written from
“Tools and Equipment,” “ Advantages of Capital,"
Advantages of Capital,” day to day by a member of one of the besieged
“ Fruits,” “ Flowers,” “ Novel Live Stock,” “Clear- European legations during the Boxer uprising of
ing the Land," " How to Build.” While one chapter
1900. But no one could have written journal-
only is headed “Results to be Expected,” the author
letters of this kind under the conditions described ;
is so full of the subject that it crops out everywhere. the identity of the writer is concealed, and no
The style is somewhat colloquial, perhaps inten-
means are given of substantiating the startling
tionally so. There is an index, also an appendix revelations contained in the narrative. The editor
containing a good list of practical reference books of the volume, Mr. B. L. Putnam-Weale, is known
and a vegetable-planting table.
as an intelligent writer on Oriental politics and
life, and the fact that he becomes in a measure
The life-story
Almost half a century had passed responsible for the contents of the letters seems to
of a famous between the death of Julie Lespinasse give them something of historical value. Whoever
Frenchwoman.
and the publication of that corre the writer is, he certainly has an eye for the pic-
spondence of hers with the Conte de Guibert which turesque and the striking, whatever may be said
made all Paris ring with the passionate love-story of the correctness of his vision in other ways. It
of this leader of eighteenth century salons, a story would be hard to find a more depressing revelation
so entirely unsuspected during her lifetime that even of incapacity, indecision, cowardice, and selfishness
Boxer siege'


68
(August 1,
THE DIAL
as a free art.
than is here given in the account of the terrible fruits and vegetables, by Professor Wickson, have
times through which the besieged legations passed ; now been followed by one on flowers and orna-
and the writer does not hesitate even to call the mental gardening, by Mrs. Belle Sumner Angier.
names of the diplomats and nationalities of the men “The Garden Book of California" (Paul Elder &
and women who showed these unlovely qualities. Co.) tells many things that the new-comer to
A few stand out as real men, a Japanese colonel, California, if interested in gardening, will wish to
an American missionary, a German ambassador; but know. It presupposes a knowledge of gardening
in the fierce trial most of those whose training ought in general, and emphasizes those points wherein
to have made them strong failed to stand the test. garden operations and conditions on the coast vary
The reader cannot help feeling that the narrative is from those existing elsewhere. The introductory
colored, that the real facts cannot have been quite chapter, however, on the flower-garden as a factor
so lurid or the characters of the men and women in home-making and child-training, is applicable to
quite so mean as they are here portrayed. But after any region. Following this are chapters on simple
all deductions are made, the story here given, of gardening methods, a planting calendar, the culture
the Warning, the Siege, and the Sack, is remarkably of common plants and bulbs, palms and tropical
interesting, even though it is full of horrors, largely plants, rose-culture in California, ferns and fern-
through the remarkable power of the writer to make eries, the mission of the vine, boundaries, tree-
his characters and events live in his
pages.
planting and protection, insecticides and plant
As pointed out by Mr. Otto Walter
diseases, backyard problems, out-of-door living
The development
rooms, the equipment of the aviary, and native
of photography Beck, in his “ Art Principles in Por-
trait Photography” (The Baker &
trees, flowers, and shrubs. The last chapter is
necessarily incomplete, and should be supplemented
Taylor Company), the processes inherited from
by reference to a book on the wild-flowers of the
Daguerre remain practically unchanged to-day, and
their results are known popularly as "good straight
coast ; but it is pleasantly suggestive. The book
photography.” Mr. Beck asserts that this plain showing numerous typical California scenes, such as
contains twenty illustrations from photographs,
photography, enslaved by commercialism, has run
the palm and the pine as neighbors, a marguerite
into a lifeless groove. Its direct result has been to
instil a taste for literalism chilling in its effect upon charming residences in the Mission style of archi-
hedge, a rose-bower, an avenue of Eucalypti, and
every form of art.
“ Art in photography is possible
tecture with appropriate garden surroundings.
only in an extension of the methods known and in
the employnient of new processes to effect a mani-
In his “Persecution in the Early
A new light on
pulation of the photo-image. When the tool is made the early Chris- Church, a Chapter in the History of
so pliable thąt it records more than the surface tian martyrs. Renunciation" (Jennings & Graham)
appearance of things, when the personal element Mr. Herbert B. Workman, Principal of Westminster
enters to give life to the accurate records, the pre- School, has set before his readers in a new light the
sent limitations of impersonal representation are relations of Christianity to the Roman Empire in the
removed from photography, and its large true first three centuries of the Christian era, and has
sphere of influence opens.” In the treatise before shown that the persecutions of those times were due
us, Mr. Beck has shown, by description and pictorial not so much to a deep-seated intolerance of the new
illustration, that if creative work is to enter into religion on the part of the Romans as to the lack of
photography it must be possible to make on the wisdom for tempering the zeal of the Christians.
negative a line of any character and to control the Regarding self-sacrifice as the highest recognized
light and shade with the facility of one who paints. principle of the kingdom of God, and looking upon
In fact, his illustrations show that those powerful martyrdom as the highest expression of that prin-
resources of the graphic arts, light lines and dark ciple, the early Christians sought it, rather than
lines, can be made on the negative as readily as on escape from it. To participate in the sufferings of
paper
and canvas. It is interesting to follow the the Master was an assurance of participation in his
divagations of this enthusiastic artist, as he pro- glory. And instead of making their position in re-
pounds the principles and processes that will remove gard to the kingdoms of this earth clearly understood
photography from its limited conventionalities and by the Roman authorities, they, consciously or other-
place it among the free arts. The book is worthy wise, put themselves in the category of those who
of perusal by amateur as well as professional photo were disloyal, law-breakers, guilty of lésè majesté,
graphers.
atheists, anarchists, outlaws, and non-conformists to
To people who have not been in the orderly regulations of the Roman Empire; and
The California California, it may seem strange that they chose to suffer the consequences that must in-
garden-book.
a special book should be needed for evitably arise. The Christians were, furthermore,
the would-be gardener in that state. But so peculiar unfortunate in retaining many superstitions, beliefs
is the climate, which is widely varied even within in demons and other supernatural agencies, which
the state limits, and the soil, often of several kinds rendered them liable to penalties imposed by Roman
and depths on a single ranch, that such a work is law upon the practice of the magical arts.
essential. The well-known volumes on California Workman's book is a valuable contribution to the
Mr.


1907.]
69
THE DIAL
ON-
ecclesiastical and political history of the first three cen Messrs. Scribner. It gives us the “ Voyages of Samuel
turies of Christianity, and an authoritative study of de Champlain, 1604-1618,” and is edited by Mr. W. L.
a very interesting but partially known subject. The
Grant.
book is well provided with bibligraphical notes, chron Dr. Augustus Hopkins Strong has planned a treatise
ological tables, and other matter helpful to the student
on “Systematic Theology,” to occupy three volumes.
who might wish to extend his investigations further.
The first volume is now at hand, with “ The Doctrine
of God" for its special subject, and is published at the
The creed of
Taking the tenets of Karl Marx as Griffith & Rowland Press, Philadelphia.
Orthodox a point of departure, Mr. Edward Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. publish Henry Conrad
Socialism.
Le Rossingnal, in his “Orthodox Ferdinand Meyer's “ Des Heilige,” in a school edition
Socialism” (Crowell), presents a critical study of prepared by Dr. Carl Edgar Eggert. They also issue
the socialistic theory in its most rigid form. The Alarcon's “ El Sombrero de Tres Picos,” edited for
doctrines of the English Classical School — the
school use by Professor Benjamin P. Bourland.
corner-stone, as it were, upon which socialism was “ Psychology: General Introduction ” is the title of a
built - are examined and their inconsistences noted.
treatise by Professor Charles Hubbard Judd. It is the
A student of socialistic theories as well as an astute
first of “a series of text-books designed to introduce
observer of facts, Mr. Le Rossingnal perceives the
the student to the methods and principles of scientific
psychology." Messrs. Charles Scribner's Sons are the
fallacies of socialism and flagrantly exposes them. publishers.
He shows how the basic principle of Marxian philo A new edition of “ San Francisco and Thereabouts,"
sophy — the economic interpretation of history by Mr. Charles Keeler, is published by Mr. A. M.
crumbles away under Marx's assertion that there Robertson. The plates of the original work were de-
will be an
era of perfect peace.” Furthermore, stroyed in the fire, but have been made anew, and more
he sees slight ground for predicting that this social extensively illustrated than before. The interest of the
istic era — economically disastrous, as he believes - book is now largely retrospective, but it is nowise
will ever be realized. Mr. Le Rossingnal makes his
lessened by that fact.
points skilfully, but one must bear in mind that in his Coleridge's cottage at Nether Stowey is rescued from
small volume he in no way attempts to consider the
demolition or desecration, it is pleasant to learn; but a
fund for its maintenance is still lacking, or lacking in
position of the opportunists," a large sect of less
part. Two hundred pounds must be raised to ensure the
radical socialists. In his pertinent discussion of “
proper care of the cottage, and all lovers of English
thodox” socialism, however, he is convincing in his poetry are appealed to for contributions, which may be
conclusion that it is as yet“but a faith, not a science.” sent to the treasurer, Rev. W. Greswell, Dodington
How Germany Dr. Earl D. Howard's essay on
Rectory, Somerset, England.
The
has forged
Two small books of practical instructions for writers
Cause and Extent of the Recent
ahead in
come to us at the same time. “ A Practical Guide for
industrial ways. Industrial Progress of Germany'
Authors,” by Mr. William Stone Booth, is published by
(Houghton) is an attempt to describe and account Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.; while the Clipping
for the recent extraordinary industrial development Bureau Press of Boston is responsible for Mr. Robert
of the German Empire - a development in many Luce's “Writing for the Press." The latter work is a
respects comparable to that of the United States, new edition, having previously circulated some thousands
and one which has enabled Germany to surpass all
of copies. It is also considerably the larger work. Mr.
her Continental competitors and excite alarm in
Booth's book includes a section upon printing foreign
Great Britain. Until recently the population of
languages, which will be found particularly useful in
Germany was predominantly agricultural and
The American Book Co. publish Mrs. Gaskell's
unprogressive. Her soil is not fertile, and her
Cranford,” edited by Mr. C. E. Rhodes, in their
mineral resources have been in a state of rapid
Gateway” series of English texts. In the “Standard
decline. In spite of these and other drawbacks, English Classics” of Messrs. Ginn & Co. we have
however, Germany has within the last quarter of a Goldsmith's “ Deserted Village,” edited by Miss Louise
century become one of the leading industrial powers Pound. Lamb's “ Essays of Elia” (editorship unac-
of the world. One of the most fundamental and knowledged) appear in the “Riverside " series of Messrs.
important causes of the present prosperity of the Houghton, Mifflin & Co. “ Selections from the Poems
German nation, says Dr. Howard, is the close rela-
of Oliver Wendell Holmes” (which means the early
tionship between science and practical affairs, as a
poems recently out of copyright), edited by Mr. J. H.
result of which German industry is able to avail Castleman, is a volume of the " Pocket Classics” of
the Macmilan Co.
itself of the technical skill and knowledge of trained
Seven new numbers of the Columbia University
“Studies in History, Economics, and Public Law” are
now published for the university by the Macmillan Co.
NOTES.
Their authors and subjects are as follows: “ Trade and
Currency in Early Oregon,” by Dr. James Henry Gil-
“ John Huss: The Witness,” by Professor Oscar bert; “ Luther's Table Talk,” by Dr. Preserved Smith;
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tion.
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COLERIDGE. With Memoir.
LAY OF THE LAST MINSTREL.
COOK. Complete.
Scott.
COURTSHIP OF MILES STAN-
LIGHT OF ASIA. Arnold.
DISH. Introduction by Richard
LONGFELLOW. Biographical
Burton.
Introduction.
COWPER. Complete.
LOWELL. Biographical Introduc-
CYRANO DE BERGERAC. Ros-
tand.
LUCILE. Meredith.
DANTE. Cary Text, with Notes
MACAULAY (T. B.).
by Kuhns.
MEREDITH (OWEN).
DRYDEN. With Memoir.
MILTON. Masson's Text.
ELIOT (GEORGE). Complete MOORE. Complete, with Notes.
ELIZABETHAN DRAMATISTS. MORRIS (WILLIAM). Colwell.
Watrous.
MULOCK (Miss).
EMERSON Biographical Intro ODYSSEY. Pope.
duction.
PARADISE LOST. Introduction.
POETRY AND DRAMA
PERCY'S RELIQUES. Complete.
PERSIAN POETS. Dole.
POE. With Memoir.
POETRY OF FLOWERS.
POPE. Memoir and Notes.
PROCTOR. Introduction by
Dickens.
RED LETTER POEMS.
RING AND THE BOOK. With
Notes.
ROSSETTI (DANTE GABRIEL).
Complete
RUBAIYAT. Fitzgerald.
SCHILLER. Lytton.
SCOTT. Complete, with Notes.
SHAKESPEARE'S POEMS.
Wyndham.
SHAKESPEARE (2 vols.). Globe
Text.
SHELLEY. Dowden Text.
SHERIDAN'S COMEDIES. Mat-
thews.
SONGS FROM THE DRAMAT-
ISTS. Matthews.
SONGS, SACRED AND DEVO-
TIONAL
SOUTHEY. With Memoir.
SPENSER Chandos Edition.
STEVENSON. Introduction by
Trent.
SWINBURNE. Introduction by
Stoddard.
TALES OF A WAYSIDE INN.
Longfellow.
TENNYSON. Introduction by
Parsons.
THACKERAY'S BALLADS. In-
troduction by Trent.
THOMSON (JAMES).
VIRGIL. Conington.
WHITE (KIRKE).
WHITMAN (WALT). Introduc-
tion by John Burroughs.
WHITTIER. Biographical Intro-
duction.
WORDSWORTH. Complete.
cer.
tion.
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[August 16,
THE DIAL
DIAL
Schools and Colleges Prefer Crowell's Books
“ THE BEST BOOKS FOR THE MONEY PUBLISHED
IN ENGLAND OR AMERICA.” – A TEACHER.
THE WELL-KNOWN ASTOR LIBRARY
Cloth, 60 cents per volume
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FIFTEEN DECISIVE BATTLES.
Creasy.
GOETHE AND SCHILLER. Mühl-
bach.
HALLAM'S MIDDLE AGES.
HISTORY OF CIVILIZATION.
Guizot.
HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE. Bryce.
LIFE OF BRONTE. Gaskell.
LIFE OF CHRIST. Farrar.
LIFE OF COLUMBUS. Irving.
LIFE OF GOLDSMITH. Irving.
LIFE OF MAHOMET. Irving.
LIFE OF NELSON. Southey.
LIFE OF SCHILLER. Carlyle.
MACAULAY'S HISTORICAL
ESSAYS.
MAKERS OF FLORENCE. Oliphant.
MAKERS OF VENICE. Oliphant.
ROYAL EDINBURGH. Oliphant.
NATURE; ADDRESSES, ETC.
Emerson.
PAST AND PRESENT. Carlyle.
POE'S ESSAYS.
PROFESSOR AT THE BREAK-
FAST TABLE. Holmes.
QUEEN OF THE AIR. Ruskin.
RELIGIO MEDICI. Browne.
REPRESENTATIVE MEN. Emerson
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SEEKERS AFTER GOD. Farrar.
SELF-HELP. Smiles.
SESAME AND LILIES. Ruskin.
SEVEN LAMPS OF ARCHITEC-
TURE. Ruskin.
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HEIDI. Spyri.
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ROBINSON CRUSOE. De Foe.
STORIES FROM DICKENS. Mc-
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TORY. Edgar.
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STORIES FROM WAGNER. Mc-
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STORIES OF KING ARTHUR. Cutler
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AURELIUS.
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OUR OLD HOME. Hawthorne.
PARIS SKETCH BOOK. Thackeray.
PICTURES FROM ITALY. Dickens.
SKETCH BOOK. Irving.
STONES OF VENICE. Ruskin.
WALDEN. Thoreau.
WEEK ON THE CONCORD.
Thoreau.
Reference
AGE OF CHIVALRYBulfinch.
AGE OF FABLE. Bulfinch.
CENTURY OF AMERICAN LIT-
ERATURE
DICTIONARY OF POETICAL QUO-
TATIONS. Ward.
DICTIONARY OF PROSE QUOTA-
TIONS. Ward.
LEGENDS OF CHARLEMAGNE.
Bulfinch.
History and Biography
AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF FRANKLIN
Dole.
CHILD'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND.
Dickens.
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DATA OF ETHICS. Spencer.
DESCENT OF MAN. Darwin.
FIRST PRINCIPLES. Spencer.
ORIGIN OF SPECIES. Darwin.
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1907.]
77
THE DIAL
Schools
and Colleges Prefer Crowell's Books
"I AM PLEASED TO SAY WE ARE HIGHLY SATISFIED WITH
THEM. TYPOGRAPHY, BINDING, PAPER, COMBINED, MAKE
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THE HANDY VOLUME CLASSICS
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Fiction
SARTOR RESARTUS. Carlyle.
SESAME AND LILIES. Ruskin.
SEVEN LAMPS. Ruskin.
UNTO THIS LAST. Ruskin.
VAL D'ARNO. Ruskin.
BEST AMERICAN TALES. Trent.
BLITHEDALE ROMANCE. Hawthorne.
CRANFORD. Mrs. Gaskell.
FANSHAWE. Hawthorne.
HOUSE OF SEVEN GABLES. Hawthorne.
MOSSES FROM AN OLD MANSE. 2 vols.
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PAUL AND VIRGINIA. St. Pierre.
PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. Bunyan.
POE'S TALES.
PRUE AND I. Curtis.
SCARLET LETTER. Hawthorne.
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STORIES FROM DICKENS. McSpadden.
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STORIES FROM WAGNER. McSpadden.
STORIES OF KING ARTHUR. Cutler.
TALES FROM HERODOTUS. Havell.
TALES FROM SHAKESPEARE. Lamb.
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TWICE TOLD TALES. 2 vols. Hawthorne.
WATER BABIES. Kingsley.
WONDER BOOK. Hawthorne.
Essays and Belles-Lettres
ADDISON'S ESSAYS. (Mabie.)
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AUTOCRAT. Holmes.
BACON'S ESSAYS.
CHESTERFIELD'S LETTERS. (Welsh.)
COLONIAL LITERATURE (Trent.)
CONDUCT OF LIFE. Emerson.
CONVERSATIONS ON OLD POETS. Lowell.
CROWN OF WILD OLIVE. Ruskin.
DREAM LIFE. Mitchell.
EMERSON'S ESSAYS. 2 vols.
ENGLISH HUMORISTS. Thackeray.
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HEROES AND HERO-WORSHIP. Carlyle.
LECTURES ON ARCHITECTURE. Ruskin.
MACAULAY'S HISTORICAL ESSAY8.
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PAST AND PRESENT. Carlyle.
PIONEER LITERATURE. (Trent.)
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TABLE. Holme
QUEEN OF THE AIR. Ruskin.
REPRESENTATIVE MEN. Emerson.
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BURNS. (Selections.)
BYRON. (Selections.)
CHILDE HAROLD. Byron.
COURTSHIP OF MILES STANDISH. Long-
fellow.
EARLY SONNETS. Tennyson.
ELIZABETHAN DRAMATISTS. (Watrous. )
EVANGELINE. Longfellow.
FAVORITE POEMS.
GOLDEN TREASURY. Palgrave.
HIAWATHA. Longfellow.
HOLMES'S EARLY POEMS.
IDYLLS OF THE KING. Tennyson.
IN MEMORIAM. Tennyson.
KEATS. (Selections.)
LADY OF THE LAKE. Scott.
LALLA ROOKH. Moore.
LIGHT OF ASIA Arnold.
LOCKSLEY HALL. Tennyson.
LONGFELLOW'S EARLY POEMS.
LOVER'S TALE and other Poems. Tennyson.
LOWELL'S EARLY POEMS.
POE'S POEMS.
PRINCESS. Tennyson.
RUBAIYAT OF OMAR KHAYYAM.
SHAKESPEARE'S SONGS AND SONNETS
SHELLEY. (Selections.)
SHERIDAN'S COMEDIES. (Matthews.)
SONGS FROM THE DRAMATISTS.
(Matthews.)
STEVENSON'S POEMS.
SWINBURNE'S POEMS. (Selections.) Beatty.
TALES OF A WAYSIDE INN. Longfellow.
WHITTIER'S EARLY POEMS.
WORDSWORTH. (Selections.)
Reference
AGE OF CHIVALRY. Bulfinch.
AGE OF FABLE. Bulfinch.
LEGENDS OF CHARLEMAGNE. Bulfinch.
POETICAL QUOTATIONS. Powers.
PROSE QUOTATIONS. Powers.
Biography
AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF FRANKLIN. (Dole.)
LIFE OF NELSON. Southey.
Travel and Description
Poetry
AURORA LEIGH. Mrs. Browning
BEST HUNDRED AMERICAN POEMS.
(Howard.)
CAPE COD. Thoreau.
EXCURSIONS. Thoreau.
MAINE WOODS. Thoreau.
OREGON TRAIL. Parkman.
OUR OLD HOME. Hawthorne.
WALDEN. Thoreau.
WEEK ON THE CONCORD. Thoreau.
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78
[August 16, 1907.
THE DIAL
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Arthur Heming's
Spirit Lake
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Mr. Clarence F. Birdseye's pungent criticism
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No. 508.
AUGUST 16, 1907.
Vol. XLIII.
CONTENTS.
PAGR
THE UNIVERSITY IDEAL
79
CASUAL COMMENT.
81
The evolution of the card catalogue. — Cape Ann
in history and literature. — The exact meaning of
a curious Southern idiom. — Honors to Henley. -
A decrease in the demand for fiction. -- Govern-
ment recognition of literary worth. — A well-
earned tribute to a veteran editor. -- A New York
State historian. - An index in fifty volumes quarto.
COMMUNICATION
83
Recent Library Progress in Alabama. Thomas M.
Owen.
MEN AND MANNERS OF FRENCH REVOLU-
TIONARY DAYS. Percy F. Bicknell
84
THE PASSING OF KOREA. Frederic Austin Ogg 85
WOMAN AND HER POSITION FROM HOMER
TO METHODIUS. F.B. R. Hellems .
86
THE FALL OF NAPOLEON. Henry E. Bourne .
89
Phyfe's Napoleon: The Return from St. Helena.
Browning's The Fall of Napoleon. — Petre's
Napoleon's Conquest of Prussia : 1806. - Petre's
Napoleon's Campaign in Poland : 1806-1807.
RECENT POETRY. William Morton Payne
. 90
Miles's Said the Rose. – Viereck's Nineveh.
Leonard's Sonnets and Poems. --- McArthur's The
Prodigal. — Erskine's Actæon. — Ledoux's The
Soul's Progress. — Bynner's An Ode to Harvard.
– Gilchrist's Tiles from the Porcelain Tower.
Coghill's Hathor. --- Robertson's Through Painted
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José-Maria de Heredia. -- Taylor's Selected Poems.
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
94
The apology of a Positivist. An interesting
functionary in the English Church. – Aids to the
study and enjoyment of great pictures.-A tragedy
of anti-Semitism. --Studies in ecclesiastical archi-
tecture. A final edition of America's earliest
poet. -The life of an 18th century letter-writer. -
The creed of Orthodox Socialism.
NOTES.
97
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
98
The former president of an American uni-
versity, speaking last June at commencement
exercises which he had been invited to adorn
with his oratory, delivered himself of the fol-
lowing message to his student audience :
Keep step with the procession. It is a pretty good
crowd, and it is generally moving in the right direction.
Act with a party; yell for a ticket; whoop it up for the
flag."
The advice is hardly necessary for the average
college student, who is only too apt to regulate
his life by philistine standards. But it offers
cause for melancholy contemplation when we
contrast it with the kind of advice that used to
be offered upon such academic occasions.
have been called upon of late years to witness
the replacement of the old-time clerical univer-
sity president by the president versed in prac-
tical affairs, and have been expected to applaud
the change as a sign of progress. Progress in
some directions it doubtless does indicate, in the
management and enlargment of endowments,
in the efficiency of administrative machinery,
and in the creation of a general impression of
bustling prosperity. But it is a progress that
may be dearly purchased at the price of dignity,
or of a weakened consecration to the ideals of
which a university should be the visible embodi-
ment. It is a progress that may mean, indeed,
nothing less than a parting of the ways. For
what can there be in common between the sen-
timent of the modern vulgarian, as expressed
in his “ whoop it up for the flag,” and the sen-
timent that clings about the “ Veritas” of Har-
vard and the “ Dominus Illuminatio Mea” of
Oxford ?
Reverence for truth, concern for the things
of the spirit, — these are musty old ideals that
have had their day. Keeping step with the
procession is evidently the counsel of practical
wisdom, concerned with the importance of being
a good fellow, of letting well enough alone, of
substituting realities for dreams, - all with the
object of getting through life comfortably. We
are far beyond the foolish notion of the Shorter
Catechism respecting the chief end of man. It
is clear as daylight that his chief end is to make
his “ pile," and enjoy it afterwards with what


80
[August 16,
THE DIAL
:
remains to him of capacity for enjoyment. An be. His course should be that described with
Irish moralist much in vogue just at present a fine sense of responsibility in one of Ibsen's
assures us that the man who should lose the
letters :
whole world to gain his own soul would make "I maintain that a fighter in the intellectual vanguard
an astonishingly bad bargain ; and the opinion can never collect a majority round him. In ten years
receives delighted acclaim. Institutions, no less
the majority will, possibly, occupy the standpoint which
than individuals, are moulded by the pressure
Dr. Stockmann held at the public meeting. But during
these ten years the Doctor will not have been standing
of current opinion ; and it is not surprising that still; he will still be at least ten years ahead of the
even universities should now and then hearken majority. As regards myself, at least, I am conscious
to the counsels of a base opportunism.
of incessant progression. At the point where I stood
Yet there is an older ideal of university
when I wrote each of my books, there now stands a
influence that it would be well not to forget, there; I am elsewhere; farther ahead, I hope.”
tolerably compact crowd; but I myself am no longer
even when our intellectual life seems most at
the point of suffocation in the welter of present
For the educated man to keep step with the
day materialism. It is the ideal formulated procession is for him to abdicate his well-earned
in severely simple speech by Newman when he leadership, to annul the patent of his rank in
the aristocracy of intellect.
says :
“ A university training is the great ordinary means to
This aristocracy rules indeed by divine right.
a great but ordinary end; it aims at raising the intel-
All others are artificial creations, protected by
lectual tone of society, at cultivating the public mind, mercenary cohorts, and embodying the selfish
at purifying the national taste, at supplying true prin interests of class. This alone, by the very prin-
ciples to popular enthusiasm and fixed aims to popular ciple of its establishment, by the cachet of its
aspiration, at giving enlargement and sobriety to the
ideas of the age, at facilitating the exercise of political
honorable distinction, exists for the good of
power, and refining the intercourse of private life.” humanity, and its titles are secured by an
It is the ideal embodied in the glowing eloquence
indefeasible claim. Nature, no doubt, does
of Arnold's apostrophe to Oxford :
most to determine what persons shall be the
“Adorable dreamer, whose heart has been so romantic! proud possessors of these titles ; but it is the
Who hast given thyself so prodigally, given thyself to
university (taken as type of all the organized
ideas and to heroes not mine, only never to the Philis instrumentalities of culture) which searches out
tines ! home of lost causes, and forsaken beliefs, and the individuals whom nature has thus marked,
unpopular names, and impossible loyalties ! ... Appar- and transforms mute inglorious Miltons into
itions of a day, what is our puny warfare against the
Philistines, compared with the warfare which this queen vocal personalities of renown.
And once ap-
of romance has been waging against them for centuries, proved of this aristocracy, as Ruskin reminds
and will wage after we are gone.”
us, a man may never become an outcast save by
The advisability of yelling for a ticket, and of his own fault. It is an aristocracy in which
whooping it up for the flag is, strangely enough, responsibility goes hand in hand with privilege,
not even hinted at in these expressions of old and which values the latter chiefly because it
fogyism ; nor is there any suggestion that in entails acceptance of the former, and thereby
keeping step with the procession is the sum of makes for the service of mankind.
practical wisdom. Such counsels may win the The university, in its function as thus con-
cheap applause of a pack of thoughtless under-ceived, does not attempt to “ whoop it up” for
graduates, but to the serious mind they are of any cause whatever.
any cause whatever. Not by vociferation, but
melancholy omen.
by the refined method of the persuasive reason,
The temper that is the product of University are its ends attained. It stands aloof from the
discipline should, to prove itself worth what it turmoil of the market-place and the contention
has cost, repudiate the very thought of a life of the arena, not indeed without sympathy, but
controlled by impulse and swayed by partisan certainly without noisy participation, content
prejudice. These are the forces that have caused that its sane and reconciling influence should
nearly all the mischief recorded in the annals of promise to prove effective upon the far-reaching
human history, and the trained intelligence is future. Other agencies for the elevation of
under bonds to oppose a solid front to their men thought and conduct
may
lose their hold upon
acing array. And so far from its being proper men and lapse into desuetude; but the univer-
for the educated man to keep step with the pro-sity, precisely because it is universal in its nature
cession, it is his most solemn duty to get well in no less than in its name, taking all knowledge
advance of it, and to keep step only with those and all life for its province, must persevere in
who know what the goal of that procession should its beneficent leadership. This obligation is


1907.]
81
THE DIAL
brought home to us here in America by the inscribed by pricking the entry by the point sys-
words of the editor of “ The Hibbert Journal,” tem, both authors and subjects being indexed. The
who recently paid us a visit. He said :
drawers hold these pricked cards in an inverted
“I have been greatly struck with the interest shown
position, so that by running the finger-tips over the
in the higher ethical and religious aspect of things by
backs of the cards a blind person may readily de-
the men who are responsible for the teaching in your
cipher the inscriptions. More than three thousand
universities - I mean, of course, men who are not pro-
volumes, printed for the blind, and on the library's
fessionally engaged in the service of religion. I believe shelves, are thus made conveniently available with
this will have a profound effect on the young men who little aid from attendants.
pass through these colleges. I may be wrong, but it
seems to me that the moral guidance of the nation is com CAPE ANN IN HISTORY AND LITERATURE has an
ing rather from the universities than from the churches
importance and an interest that receive partial recog-
as such.”
nition in the remarkable monument dedicated this ·
There is much to justify this prediction in our month at Gloucester. Everyone knows about the
present-day university activity. But it must be Reef of Norman's Woe and the legendary wreck of
understood that the moral guidance in question the “Hesperus”. (although the Gloucester fisherfolk
will not be commensurate with, or very definitely stoutly aver their belief that there “never was no
related to, the showing we make in material
such a vessel) immortalized by Longfellow. But
equipment, in imposing educational statistics, perhaps not everybody has heard or read of the first
settlement of Gloucester in 1623, seven years before
and in the multiplication of special schools of
science. It will be measured in terms of quality about ten years later under the fostering care of the
Boston had its beginnings, and its re-settlement
rather than of quantity, and the spirit in which
Rev. John White, of Dorchester, England. It is to
our universities meet the demand upon them
perpetuate the memory of this founder of what is
will provide the real test whereby we may know sometimes called “the birthplace of the Massachu-
whether they are concerned with substance setts Bay Colony” that a monster boulder, two hun-
rather than with shadow, with the core of intel dred feet long and twenty-seven feet high, has been
lectual endeavor rather than with its outward selected to bear the memorial tablet, sixteen feet by
trappings.
thirteen, with its sculptured enclosure in bas-relief,-
the largest bronze, it is said, ever placed in this
country. According to the programme drawn up
for the day's festivities, Senator Lodge delivers
CASUAL COMMENT.
the oration and Mr. Madison Cawein recites the
poem
about the time that President Roosevelt and
THE EVOLUTION OF THE CARD CATALOGUE, now Mr. Nathan Haskell Dole perform the same parts
so generally used in libraries and in many other respectively at the other extremity of Massachusetts
institutions as well, is not so drearily uninterest | Bay. The artistic part of this undertaking has been
ing as might at first be expected. It has pre in charge of Mr. Eric Pape, who is reported to have
sented some curious phases since the day, long ago, entered grandly into the spirit of the occasion, as
before the French Revolution, when a certain abbé indeed became a citizen of the Cape. He is a
conceived the germinal idea and set about index summer resident of Annisquam, we believe, and thus
ing his library by writing the titles on playing- of course is thoroughly familiar with Cape Ann and
cards, one title to a card, and placing the cards on its legends and history.
end in alphabetical order in a little tray. From
this sanctified use of “the devil's picture-book,” Mr. THE EXACT MEANING OF A CURIOUS SOUTHERN
Seth Hastings Grant, librarian of the New York IDIOM, "you all,” and its first-person and third-
Mercantile Library in the middle of last century, person forms, is pretty well established by Professor
advanced to the application of the card-index system C. Alphonso Smith, of the University of North
to the record of books loaned ; and from that, later, Carolina, in the July “ Uncle Remus's Magazine.”
when he became comptroller of New York, to its Though “you all” (with accent on the you) is some-
employment for business purposes, whereby he times used in addressing one person only, there is
detected certain frauds practised by some of his a distinct implication that this one person is
repre-
subordinates. Thereby Mr. Grant attained a sort sentative of a group or class. “You áll ” (accent
of national renown, and the commercial card-index on the all), in both South and North, means the
rose rapidly to its present prominence. The latest
Furthermore, Professor
development is a card catalogue for the blind, now Smith points out the adjective force of you in " you
nearing completion (which is a contradiction in “all,” and the prominal part played by all; whereas
terms, as a card catalogue of a growing collection of in “you áll,” the parts of speech are reversed. He
books is never complete) in the departnient for the also thinks he finds traces of this idiomatic use of
blind in the New York Public Library. The cards, “ you all” “in Shakespeare, the King James version
which are larger than the ordinary index cards, are of the Bible, and elsewhere in classic English liter-
same as
( all of you."


82
[August 16,
THE DIAL
ature ; but here he is not altogether convincing. strange to say, there is no decline in the demand
Brief reference is made to the conjectural derivation for the works of such classical novelists as Scott,
of the phrase from the French, vous tous, nous tous. Thackeray, Dickens, and George Eliot. Next to
More nearly correspondent in sense, it seems to us, these, historical works find most favor among our
is the French vous autres and nous autres, although readers.” It would be interesting to know whether
even here the analogy is far from close. Inciden this falling-off in novel-reading was a spontaneous,
tally the writer speaks of “there being not the or an assisted, perhaps even to some extent a forced,
slightest difference in meaning or propriety between diminution. There are subtle
ways,
known to
the alternative forms (“you áll’ and all of you,' librarians, for discouraging an over-fondness for
•we áll’ and all of us, they all' and all of current fiction.
them ']." A stickler for verbal propriety might
GOVERNMENT RECOGNITION OF LITERARY WORTH
object that “all of you, of us, of them ” is a false
in England has already been approvingly noted
use of the partitive genitive; there are purists who
of late in these columns. To the men and women
are severe in their condemnation of the phrase.
writers in receipt of pensions from the British gov-
Professor Smith has done a service in contributing
ernment are now to be added the following, who
toward a final settlement of a much-discussed
have deserved well of their country: Sir F. C.
question.
Burnand, £200 yearly; Mr. John Davidson, "in
HONORS TO HENLEY come somewhat tardily, but consideration of the merits of his poetical works,”
they have come at last in gratifyingly full measure. £100 a year; Miss M. Betham Edwards, £50 annu-
His bust, recently unveiled at St. Paul's with impres ally; Mrs. Florence Maitland, in recognition of
sive dedicatory exercises, could not have been more her late husband's services to law and history, £100
fittingly placed than in the heart of the city whose each year; Mr. George Howell, for his writings
manifold sights and sounds he celebrated in verse. upon labor subjects, £50 yearly ; and “ Ouida," for
Would that he might have had some foreglimpse of her services to romance, a pension of £150. It is
this loving tribute when from his bed of pain he was pleasant to be thus honored. It is even more than
writing “ Out of the night that covers me, black as pleasant to be able, as was Carlyle, to decline such
the pit from pole to pole! The poet of the
honors.
unconquerable soul,” it will be remembered, dared
A WELL-EARNED TRIBUTE TO A VETERAN EDITOR
to speak his mind a few years ago when the memory was that lately paid to Mr. Henry M. Alden by the
of Stevenson was being deluged with tears of mawk college from which he was graduated fifty years
ish sentimentality; and for this word of manly
ago. Rather noteworthy are some of the details of
protest he had to face the finger of scorn and suffer
the ceremony that made Mr. Alden a doctor of laws
the false charge of petty malice, of envy, and of
of Williams College, which had already honored
ingratitude. But the last hiss is now hushed, and in
itself by making him a doctor of letters. President
London it is the prevalent fashion to style him the
Henry Hopkins, who has, as executive head of the
Walt Whitman of English literature. In a letter
college, bestowed this later honor, is the son of
read at the unveiling, Mr. George Meredith said of the famous Mark Hopkins, in the twenty-first year
Henley: “He had the poet's passion for nature,
of whose presidency of Williams young Alden took
and by reason of it the poet's fervent devotion to his baccalaureate degree, one year
before the present
humanity.” Peculiarly fitting was it that his bust
president was graduated from the same college.
should be from the chisel of Rodin, another indom-
Thus the two college mates came together again – in
itable independent, whom Professor Kuno Francke
a more amicable relation, it is safe to say, than that
has not hesitated to call “the greatest plastic genius into which they entered fifty-three years ago as
of our time.”
sophomore and freshman, respectively.
A DECREASE IN THE DEMAND FOR FICTION is,
rather strangely, indicated in the last annual report A NEW YORK STATE HISTORIAN whose recent
of the London Library. By the Borough Librarian appointment by the wisely discriminating Governor
of Holborn this further statement is given out to the Hughes will be applauded by the library world is
press : “There is no doubt that the craze for novel Mr. Victor Hugo Paltsits, assistant librarian of the
reading is dying out. Ten years ago the percentage Lenox Library since 1893, and bibliographer of
of books delivered to readers in the borough was industry and ability, as proved by his work on the
66.1 for works of fiction and 32.9 for historical, “ Jesuit Relations” and in other departments of
scientific, and other works. Last year the percentage early American history. But probably he is better
stood at 56.5 for novels and 43.5 for other books. and more pleasantly remembered for his expert
This shows conclusively, I think, that readers, so far assistance always courteously tendered to Lenox
at any rate as this district is concerned, are becoming Library visitors of the last two decades ; for it is
more and more interested in books of a higher now nearly twenty years since Mr. Paltsits's connec-
character and merit than the average contemporary tion with that library began. His departure (pre-
novel. This I cannot consider but as a welcome supposing that he accepts, or has accepted, the new
change in the intellectual taste of the public. Yet, I appointment) will be regretted.
..


1907.]
83
THE DIAL
AN INDEX IN FIFTY VOLUMES QUARTO is not pub-
lished every day, and consequently we are interested
in a modest leaflet sent out by the Carnegie Institu-
tion at Washington, announcing that volume one of
such an index is ready. When complete — but a
work of that kind never is complete, being out of
date as soon as issued -the set of fifty quartos will
contain a list of all documents of economic interest
printed by the separate states of the United States.
Miss Adelaide R. Hasse, in charge of the public
document department of the New York Public
Library, and a genius in her way, is supervising this
mammoth undertaking. Valuable material, hitherto
as hard to find as a needle in a haystack, will be
made accessible. All persons who have ever wrestled
with public documents will recognize the magnitude
of Miss Hasse's task, and will hail her as a public
benefactress.
COMMUNICATION.
RECENT LIBRARY PROGRESS IN ALABAMA.
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
A paragraph concerning the library situation in
Georgia, in the issue of THE DIAL for August 1, impels
me to write this brief note concerning recent library
progress in Alabama. I think your remark that “public
libraries in the South are almost as rare as violets in
October "contains a gratuitous reflection on a part of the
country which, while far from being as forward as other
sections in this respect, is evidencing at the present time
most commendable activity. There are many reasons
why we have not developed free public libraries in the
States of the South, notably because of the poverty of
this section for the last forty years. For the last ten
years, however, there has been a decided renaissance
in library work, and our progress during that period is
quite as advanced as progress elsewhere during the first
decade of the beginnings of the movement. But I am
not writing this in a controversial way, and only wish
you to know that your readers in the South would prefer
that, after full information, a word of commendation
for praiseworthy effort be given, rather than criticism
for a backwardness which, on examination, can be satis-
factorily explained.
The library notes that appear in THE DIAL from
time to time indicate an interest in the furtherance of
this phase of educational activity, ånd I therefore wish
particularly to call your attention to one part of the
programme of the recent Asheville Conference of the
American Library Association, held during the latter
part of May. At that session Miss Anne Wallace,
librarian of the Carnegie Library of Atlanta, reviewed
the history and recent progress of library development
in the South generally since 1899, and she was followed
by representatives of the several Southern States. Her
address appears in the June issue of “The Library
Journal,” and while not altogether as full as it might
have been made, I think in the main it is a good review.
I had the honor to appear for Alabama. While
Georgia was the first of the States of the South to
create a State Library Commission, no appropriations
have as yet been made to carry forward its work.
Therefore to Alabama belongs the honor of first enter-
ing upon State-supported library work in the South.
At the Spring session of our State Legislature, by act
of March 5, 1907, the Department of Archives and His-
tory, of which I am Director, was required to promote
the organization and development of public and school
libraries, etc., and to build up a legislative reference col-
lection. The act is herewith given in full, inasmuch as
it is very short, and particularly as it further illustrates
how much can be stated in a general way on a given
proposition without burdening the statute with details
which are properly left to administrative development.
"In addition to the duties now required by law, the Depart-
ment of Archives and History shall do and perform the following:
"1. It shall encourage and assist in the establishment of
public and school libraries, and in the improvement and
strengthening of those already in existence; it shall give advice
and provide assistance to librarians and library workers in
library administration, methods, and economy; and it shall
conduct a system of travelling libraries.
“2. It shall bring together and arrange for ready consulta
tion a reference collection of materials for the use of the
members of the legislature, State officers, and others, on all
subjects which may, from time to time, be deemed of public
interest and importance to the people of the State."
Not to speak now of the development of the division
of Legislative Reference, the division of Library Exten-
sion went into operation June 1, its work has been out-
lined, and an assistant has been placed in charge. The
plan of work proposed involves public library promotion,
school library promotion, instruction and supervision,
travelling libraries, magazine clearing-house, and library
publication. The activity of the new division has already
been evidenced from the fact that I have secured the
incorporation of the following section in the municipal
code, only adopted in the last few days by the late
Summer session of our State Legislature:
“ Sec. 178. Cities and towns shall have the right to establish
and maintain, or aid in establishing or maintaining, public
libraries, either separately or in connection with the public
schools."
I think you will agree with me that the adoption of this
section puts beyond peradventure the development of
free public libraries in Alabama. Their establishment
now only depends upon the amount of inspirational work
which the new division of Library Extension can do.
Before closing, I desire to say that we have in
Alabama more than a hundred free public and institu-
tional libraries, of which eleven are Carnegie libraries.
Three of the latter are, however, school libraries. I
might further add that our Legislature of 1907 has made
possible, by adequate appropriations, the erection of sepa-
rate library buildings at our State University and also at
our Polytechnic Institute, to cost in each case over fifty
thousand dollars. News has just been received that
our State Girls' School, at Montevallo, has elevated its
library to a separate department, with a trained librarian
in charge; as has also been done by our Jacksonville
State Normal School. The new division of Library
Extension will conduct a summer school for the prelim-
inary training of librarians, beginning next summer. I
ought also to add that we have a State Library Associ-
ation, organized in 1904, which has held three annual
meetings, and is doing good work, with a membership
of over seventy-five. All in all, our progress is indeed
considerable; and I have written thus at length in order
that the facts may be known to your readers. I doubt
not that you will be as much gratified as anyone else.
THOMAS M. OWEN,
Director Alabama State Department of
Archives and History.
Montgomery, Alabama, August 5, 1907.


84
(August 16,
THE DIAL
was made her chief heir and her literary ex-
Tbe Nebo
Books.
ecutor. At his decease, not many years ago, his
intimate friend, Charles Nicoulland, became re-
MEN AND MANNERS OF FRENCH sponsible for the disposition of the Comtesse de
REVOLUTIONARY DAYS.*
Boigne's memoirs, which are now made public.
A volume of lively memoirs, written by a
A few passages, descriptive of persons and
gifted Frenchwoman to divert her thoughts from
manners, will be quoted, as much more inter-
personal sorrows, and left lying in manuscript
esting than any labored synopsis of what the
for the better part of a century, is now, after
author's lively pages contain. And first of all
all fear of hurting the feelings of any persons
a brief reference to the writer herself in her
concerned is past, brought out in both French
childhood will be in order. She appears, even
and English and offered to a public almost as
as an infant, to have possessed unusual accom-
greedy of this kind of light literature as it is of plishments.
fiction. The Comtesse de Boigne does not claim
“I was brought up literally upon the knees of the
for her book any historical importance, nor does
royal family. The King and Queen especially over-
whelmed me with kindness. . . . My father had taken
she strive for accuracy in matters of fact; but
pains to develop my intelligence, and I was honestly
with running pen she records chiefly her mem regarded as a little prodigy. I had learnt to read with
ories and impressions of persons, mostly persons
such facility that at the age of three I could read and
of note, whom the curious reader cannot look
repeat the tragedies of Racine for my own pleasure,
and, it is said, for the pleasure of others.”
at from too many points of view, and who are
here handled with that quick and pitiless pene-
Some years later, when she was in her 'teens,
tration that makes many women and all children
we find her reading Adam Smith's “ Wealth of
at once a terror and a delight to those around
Nations”
as a pastime, for which she was well
them.
laughed at by her friends.
Charlotte Louise Eléonore Adélaide d'Os Respecting the peculiar etiquette of French
mond (1781-1866), daughter of the Marquis
society shortly before the Revolution, the
d'Osmond, a military man, a courtier, a diplo- Comtesse writes :
mat, and a stanch royalist to the end, owed to
“ The social tone was so free that my mother [a
the turbulent times in which her youth was cast
Worcestershire woman) has told me that she was often
embarrassed to the point of tears. During the first years
her early experience of life in several lands and
of her marriage the sarcasms and jests to which she was
her wide acquaintance with notable characters exposed often made her very unhappy. ... An old grand
of many sorts. Some of her most interesting vicaire, who happened to be in the midst of this cheer-
memories go back to her sojourn in England,
ful company, seeing her very sad one day, remarked:
where her family for several years lived as
Marquise, do not worry; one of your faults is your
beauty, but that will be pardoned. But if you wish to
émigrés. It was in London that the young live peaceably, take more pains to conceal your love for
Comtesse's charms attracted the notice of Gen your husband; it is the one kind of love which is not
eral de Boigne (known in earlier life as Benoît
tolerated here.' . . . On the whole if the language
Leborgne, the son of a furrier), who, though
of this society was free, its actions were extremely
restrained. A man who placed his hand on the arm of
nearly three times her age, succeeded in win-
a chair occupied by a lady would have been considered
ning her hand in marriage. But there was no excessively rude. Only the greatest intimacy could
love lost on either side: he admired her beauty justify a walk arm in arm, and that was unusual, even
and valued her high birth, and she desired his
in the country. Gentlemen never offered their arms or
their hands to take a lady in to dinner, and a man would
wealth, which had been amassed in India, to
never have sat down on a sofa together with a lady; but
relieve the necessities of her family. In accept- language, on the other hand, was free to the point of
ing him she yielded to the generous impulse of licentiousness.”
a girl of seventeen ; and if she never regretted The descriptions of prominent persons of the
her act of self-sacrifice, it was not because her
time are numerous and good. Even to name
ill-bred husband gave her no cause.
He died
all the great with whom the writer mingled and
in 1830, leaving her a fortune to enjoy for whom she has thus sketched, would take too
thirty-six comparatively serene years after her
long. As a specimen of her art, here is a
thirty-two troubled years of matrimony. It was realistic picture of Mme. de Staël :
a union unblessed by offspring, and at her death
“ At first she seemed to me ugly and ridiculous. A
her grand-nephew, the then Marquis d'Osmond, big red face, a complexion by no means fresh, and her
• MEMOIRS OF THE COMTESSE DE BOIGNE. 1781-1814. Edited
hair arranged in a manner which she called picturesque,
by M. Charles Nicoulland. With portrait. New York: Charles
in other words, badly done; no fichu, a white muslin
Scribner's Sons.
blouse, cut very low, arms and shoulders bare, no shawl,
6


1907.]
85
THE DIAL
66
scarf, or veil of any kind such was the strange appa years of the writer's life, leaving more than half
rition which appeared in a hotel room at mid-day. She
a century of varied and rich experience unre-
held a small twig, which she was constantly twiddling
lated. But doubtless her earlier impressions had
in her fingers, with the object, I think, of showing off a
very beautiful hand, though it was but the finishing
a vividness and charm at the time she recorded
touch to the eccentricity of her costume. At the end them (many years before her death) that would
of an hour I was entirely under her charm.”
not have attached to her later memories, and
Admiration for the beautiful and virtuous the revolutionary and Napoleonic period is more
Comtesse is increased by reading what she had interesting to most readers than the less eventful
to endure from the coarseness and brutality of subsequent decades. A useful device has been
her husband.
employed by the editor to indicate the extent
The rapidity with which he had passed from the
of his excisions. Dots, equal in number to the
lowest rank to the position of commander-in-chief and
words suppressed, appear in a few places, and
from poverty to vast wealth had never permitted him to
acquire any social polish, and the habits of polite society
show the omissions to be infrequent and brief.
were entirely unknown to him. An illness from which A number of illustrative letters have been added
he was recovering had forced him to make an immoderate in an appendix, and a six-page index concludes
use of opium, which had paralyzed his moral and physical
the whole. A delicate frontispiece portrait pre-
powers. Years of life in India had added the full force
of Oriental jealousy to that which would naturally arise
possesses the reader in the Comtesse's favor.
in the mind of a man of his age; in addition to this he
The translator, modestly anonymous, has suc-
was endowed with the most disagreeable character that ceeded in giving to his version the agreeable
Providence ever granted to man. He wished to arouse effect of an original work.
dislike as others wished to please. He was anxious to
PERCY F. BICKNELL.
make every one feel the domination of his great wealth,
and he thought that the only mode of making an impres-
sion was to hurt the feelings of other people. He insulted
his servants, he offended his guests, and his wife was
a fortiori, a victim to this grievous fault of character.”
THE PASSING OF KOREA.*
The first beginnings of sea-bathing in France Certain fundamental changes which are com-
are incidentally described by the author. This ing about as results of the late war in the Far
cure for headaches and other ailments she had East are described with insight and vigor by Mr.
found successful in England, and in the summer Homer B. Hulbert in his latest book, “ The
of 1806 she determined to try the same at Passing of Korea.” Mr. Hulbert has been for
Dieppe.
many years a resident of Korea and editor of
“ As for the comforts arranged for the convenience “ The Korean Review," and it may be doubted
of bathers which Dieppe has since organised, they were
non-existent at that time. My brother was able to find
whether any other man is so well qualified to
a little covered cart, and with great trouble and great give the world a trustworthy portrayal of Korean
expense, notwithstanding the universal poverty, a man
civilization. In him the Koreans have a warm,
was hired to lead the horses down to the sea, and two though discriminating, friend ; and we are given
women to go into the sea with me. These preparations frankly to understand that the present book
raised the public curiosity to such a pitch that my first
has been written with the purpose primarily of
bathes were watched by a crowd on the shore. My
servants were asked if I had been bitten by a mad dog.
- interesting the reading public in a country
I aroused extreme pity as I went by, and it was thought and a people that have been frequently maligned
that I was being taken to be drowned. An old gentle and seldom appreciated."
man called on my father to point out to him that he was
assuning a great responsibility in permitting so rash an
Country and people are therefore described
act. It can hardly be imagined that the inhabitants of
in all their more important aspects, and with
a seashore should be so afraid of the sea. But at that much detail; and there is, besides, a good deal
time the people of Dieppe were chiefly occupied in keep- of history some ten or twelve chapters con-
ing out of sight of it and in protecting themselves from densed from the author's previously published
the disasters which they feared the sea might bring,
so that it was for them nothing more than a means of
“ History of Korea." Both history and descrip-
annoyance and suffering. It is curious to think that tion are well done, but for most readers doubt-
ten years later bathers were arriving in hundreds, that less the chief interest in Mr. Hulbert's book will
special arrangements were made for their convenience, centre about its discussion of the future of Korea
and that sea-bathing of every kind went on without
producing any astonishment in the neighborhood. I
as an integral part of the new Japanese Empire.
have thus attempted to point out that the custom of
The inevitable absorption of Korea by Japan,
sea-bathing, which is now so universal, is comparatively which was merely legalized by the Treaty of
recent in France, for Dieppe was the first place where Portsmouth, is regarded by Mr. Hulbert as,
it began."
• THE PASSING OF KOREA. By Homer B. Hulbert.
The memoirs cover only the first thirty-three trated. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co.
Illus-


86
[August 16,
THE DIAL
from the Korean standpoint, a genuine calamity. process. Everything goes to prove that Japan,
The reasons for his view are interesting. They instead of digging until she struck the spring
are two-fold: the agreeable and promising char of Western culture, merely built a cistern in
acter of the Korean people, and the external and which she stored up some of its more obvious and
artificial nature of Japan's alleged modern civil- tangible results." The bearing of this upon
the
ization. "The Koreans," says the author, “ are future of the Koreans constitutes Mr. Hulbert's
overshadowed by China on the one hand in second reason why Korea's absorption by Japan
respect of numbers, and by Japan on the other is a misfortune. “Herein," he says, "lies the
in respect of wit. They are neither good mer pathos of Korea's position ; lying as she does
chants like the one nor good fighters like the in the grip of Japan, she cannot gain from that
other, and yet they are far more like Anglo- power more than that power is capable of giving
Saxons in temperament than either, and they — nothing more than the garments of the West.
are by far the pleasantest people in the Far She may learn science and the industrial arts,
East to live amongst.” If the Korean
but she will use them only as a parrot uses
unthrifty, happy-go-lucky, and narrow-minded, human speech." Waiving the question as to
he is so, in Mr. Hulbert's opinion, not because whether Occidental civilization can be taken over
these are his intrinsic characteristics, but only by an Oriental people in any other fashion than
because he has had to bear for a thousand years as the Japanese have taken it, the point which
the incubus of Chinese civilization, without being Mr. Hulbert makes seems to have much weight.
allowed an opportunity to develop his capacities At any rate, the American who in these days
independently and naturally. It is his environ- of rapid transition in the East, and notably in
ment that has been at fault, rather than his Korea itself, is desirous of having put before
natural endowments. Rational conservatism, him a view of things which is quite out of the
generosity, hospitality, personal pride—these are conventional, cannot do better than read Mr.
some of the good qualities which have not been Hulbert's book.
crushed out of him. His veracity and business Among chapters purely descriptive of the
honesty are at least up to the best standards Koreans, the best are those dealing with their
of the Orient, and the same thing, if nothing industries, their literature and folk-lore, their
better, can be said for his personal morals. art, and their religion and superstitions. The
On the whole, the Koreans are not so excep volume is copiously illustrated with tinted repro-
tional a people that their absorption by a more ductions of photographs taken by the author.
powerful nation would be a cause for general These could scarcely be improved, and, indeed,
regret, provided the absorbing nation were able mechanically the book is in every respect a model.
to guarantee the extension of a civilization fun-
FREDERIC AUSTIN OGG.
damentally superior. But this is a guarantee
which Mr. Hulbert firmly believes Japan is
unable to give. In these days of universal and
WOMAN AND HER POSITION
more or less indiscriminate laudation of Japan
and everything Japanese, it is perhaps whole-
some to have such an incisive, even if somewhat
“ A true conception of woman's ideal life can
overdrawn, presentation of the weaknesses and
be reached only by the long experience of the
dangers of contemporary Japanese culture and
ages.” This rather self-evident truth has been
influence. In a succession of pungent para-
so culpably neglected by self-confident issuers of
graphs, Mr. Hulbert has sought mercilessly to
sweeping and final verdicts about woman that it
will bear insistent iteration. Even the most
strip the glamour from Japanese progress dur-
backward human representative of the “happy
ing the past half century. The national meta-
morphosis which has challenged the attention of afterthought,” — for that according to the hardy
the world is declared by him to have been, with biologist is the place of the male element in
nature,- must welcome the current appreciation
very few exceptions, a thoroughly selfish move-
ment, conceived in the interests of class dis- highly every contribution to a knowledge of her
of his anterior and superior mate; he must value
tinction and propagated with anything but an
altruistic motive. “ When he [the Japanese]
nature, her history, or her rights; he must
acclaim every forward step in her emancipation ;
adopted Western methods, it was in a purely
utilitarian spirit.
but withal he must feel that upon no other theme
He gave no thought to the
principles on which our civilization is based. It * WOMAN: HER POSITION AND INFLUENCE IN ANCIENT GREECE
was the finished product he was after and not the Donaldson, M.A., LL.D. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
FROM HOMER TO METHODIUS.
AND ROME, AND AMONG THE EARLY CHRISTIANS. By James


1907.]
87
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SO
>
has the last decade produced quite so much sentimental passion.” When future
ages
have
written trash. The delving anthropologist is grown weary of matrimonial discussions in tome
certainly quite right in enlarging upon the matri after tome, they will turn with joy that is ever
archate among primitive peoples : and the latest fresh to the pictures of Hector and Andromache,
critic of things American may be right when he of Penelope and her wandering lord. To the
insists that intellectually we are under a gyneco womanhood of the poems we may apply the
cracy. It does not therefore follow that Mars words of the poet himself about the fair lady
is inhabited, or that the Millennium will burst of Ithaca: “ The fame of her virtue will never
upon us when the 66
happy afterthought” returns perish, but the immortals will make a gracious
to his primal inferiority. It is surely time to song
in the ears of men on earth to the fame of
cease uttering haphazard conclusions or fleeting the constant Penelope.”
the constant Penelope.” If woman is honored
dreams as reasoned and abiding truth. We need as a wife and revered as a mother, if she lives
definite historical studies on essential phases of in an atmosphere of mildness, if she is happy and
the problem in significant periods.
healthful, most of her crying wrongs become
Manifestly, one such period is formed by the significantly insignificant. And inasmuch as this
centuries that saw the transition of the Greek is fairly true of the Homeric woman, it would
and Roman world from paganism to Chris seem that there is not much of a woman question.
tianity. It is remarkable how the cataclysmic In later Greece the sky is not so unclouded.
interpretation of history has persisted in so many At Athens, for instance, in the second half of
treatments of the position of woman during the fifth century B. C., the citizen woman
this epoch; and the concomitant misconceptions we are always told — was a dutiful nonentity,
have been not less harmful than unpardonable. and the charm of female society was sought
Nausicaa of the white arms, Aspasia of the from the flowers of delight known as “ hetaire
unspeakable charm, the gifted and noble or companions. Unfortunately, one may dis-
Cornelia, the pagan martyr Arria, and the count the least reliable evidence and still find
Christian martyr Blandina, may seem a strange an ugly balance of truth in the current con-
group ; yet they must be studied together if ception. However, as to the traditional complete
we are to deal intelligently with the historical submissiveness of the “ dutiful nonentity” and
aspects of our problem.
the utter wretchedness of her lot, your reviewer
From the Homeric poems one can draw only is decidedly skeptical. A little weighing of this
a pleasant picture of woman and her position, anecdote and that, a careful reading of Euripides
even when the disagreeable elements have been and Aristophanes, with an occasional peering
given all possible prominence. The civilization between the lines, would seem to show that
depicted was high but young; and even the Athenian wives had almost American wills and
Greeks, favorites of the gods though they were, even ultra-American resourcefulness. Likewise
could not escape the laws of development. If a few general considerations would suggest con-
more writers had borne this in mind we should clusions rather at variance with accepted views.
have been burdened with fewer apologies for By way of example, one might ask how it could
the existence of concubinage and some kindred come to pass that Aspasia and so many others
customs. In any event, the Homeric concubine, of her profession should have incomparable
who might be the mother of well-beloved chil- brilliance, and at the same time not a single
dren, was appreciably higher in the scale of respectable woman should manifest a glimmer of
humanity than the modern sterile femme entre brightness. Or again, is it quite probable that
tenue. Probably, too, she was quite as happy. utterly stupid women were the mothers of all the
Withal, the Homeric Greeks had arrived at men of genius that made the Periclean period
monogamy based on affection, and were capable the envy of its most enlightened successors ?
of high and glowing devotion. That senti Indeed, Euripides insists on the cleverness of
mental passion, in our modern sense, had a real the softer sex; and clever women have never
existence, it would be hard to prove ; but true lacked effective methods of exercising influence
marital affection has seldom been as highly or ameliorating their condition. Taking it all
prized as among these restless tribes. And in
in all, we may safely conclude that Athenian
this connection a dictum of Gibbon is worth women in the golden age were something more
recalling : “ The refinements of life corrupt than dutiful nonentities ; and one could even
while they polish the intercourse of the sexes. adduce considerable evidence to show the exist-
The gross appetite of love becomes most danger ence of a woman's movement of no contemptible
ous when it is elevated, or rather disguised, by proportions.


88
[August 16,
THE DIAL
rarum.
When we transfer our observations to pagan The degradation was rapid. It is not long
Rome, we find an exceptional opportunity to before Tertullian speaks of wives as
women of
follow the emancipation of woman in its rela the second degree of modesty, who have fallen
tion to economic influences. The wife in the into wedlock ”; and Clement of Alexandria not
struggling town on the hills by the Tiber became only regards birth as the entry upon a bitter
a different woman in the city that ruled all Italy, road of life, with the grave as the wayfarer's
and she in turn became a third woman when inn, but holds the mother responsible for this
Rome rose to be the opulent domina orbis ter- beginning of woe.
beginning of woe. It was a terrible age, when
In this last period the matron and her those who lived nearest to their ideals left the
daughter achieved a degree of freedom that has fewest children. Our author might have pointed
only been regained in recent years. Of these out that these phenomena were pretty closely
centuries the average person has a most thorough connected with the early Christian belief in the
misconception, partly because of the tendency in proximate ending of the world, — not a vague
human nature to dwell upon the striking side of figurative transition, but a literal, terrible crash-
things, partly because it has been the delight of ing of earth's old bones. With this belief
writers who wish to demonstrate the superiority keenly operative, the male Christian was bound
of Christianity to heathenism, to bring into to regard his female comrade as a source of
special prominence the supposed vices and unhappiness and dire temptation. Woman was
humiliations of pagan women.”
the devil's gateway. It was inevitable, then,
Herewith we are brought to Christianity, and
that she should be treated with all possible
the most important part of the book we are
contumely; and her position needs no comment.
considering. The early church is a field in Strictly, this notice need go no further;
which Principal Donaldson has worked long but we may be pardoned for insisting that the
and patiently. Furthermore, he has reached the progress of woman has been simply a phase of
age of sober and mature judgment, and he is our general forward movement. We may prate
apparently able to doff the prejudice that so
of Teutonic influence and church influence as
often mars the treatments of our subject in
we will; the fact remains that the Renaissance,
this period. Accordingly his conclusions seem
with its intellectual awakening, was tremen-
eminently worthy of respect, and we may quote dously important in this field as in so many
a central paragraph.
others. As man's mind developed, it was a
matter of course that a new attitude toward
“ At the time when Christianity dawned on the world,
woman had attained ... great freedom, power, and
woman should come into being. To assign this
influence in the Roman Empire. Tradition was in favor change to Teutonic or Christian influence is to
of restriction, but by a concurrence of circumstances lose one's historical perspective. We return
women had been liberated from the enslaving fetters of to another phase of the thought with which we
the old legal forms, and they enjoyed freedom of inter-
course in society; they walked and drove in the public began : "A true conception of woman's ideal
thoroughfares with veils that did not conceal their faces,
life can be reached only by the long experience
they dined in the company of men, they studied liter of the ages."
ature and philosophy, they took part in political move In the volume before us, Principal Donaldson
ments, they were allowed to defend their own cases if
they liked, and they helped their husbands in the
has reprinted several articles from the “ Con-
govern-
ment of provinces and in the writing of books. One
temporary Review "'; but they have been care-
would have imagined that Christianity would have fully revised as well as considerably augmented.
favoured the extension of woman's freedom. For To these he has added a supplementary section
Christianity itself was one of the most daring revolu-
of sixty-three pages containing notes that are
tions which the world has ever seen. It defied all past interesting and important. Merein the brief
customs, it aimed at the overthrow of the religions of
the world, it overleapt the barriers of nationality, and chapter on “Women in Egypt ”is perhaps the
it desired to fuse all mankind into one family and one most deserving of attention, particularly for its
faith. Necessarily, such a movement was accompanied utilization of recently discovered papyri. An
by much excitement and agitation; but when enthusiasm
actual marriage contract dating from 92 B. c.
sways any association of men, and they live in a state
of ferment, they break in pieces the bonds of custom
is evidence of the sort that replaces most
those very bonds which most firmly chain women down acceptably almost any number of controversial
to a slavish position of routine. Accordingly, at the allegations. After this supplementary book
very first stage women take a prominent part in the
comes a bibliography, which is all the more ser-
spread of Christianity and all the activities of Christians.
viceable for daring to be incomplete. There is
But in a short time this state of matters ceases in the
Church, and women are seen only in two capacities —
also an adequate index.
as martyrs and as deaconesses."
We conclude by recording the impression of


1907.]
89
THE DIAL
sanity and clarity produced alike by the first stimulated by this apotheosis has its counterpart
and the second reading of this modest work. in one of the incidents related in a little book
Occasionally we might quarrel about a nuance of that has provoked these reflections, “ Napoleon :
interpretation or of presentation. For instance, The Return from Saint Helena." The author,
in dealing with Homeric days there is surely an Mr. Phyfe, says that as the vessel bearing Napo-
unduly modern connotation when a writer speaks leon's body ascended the Seine from Rouen,
of the captive woman's becoming the mistress of “ Aged peasants were seen discharging anti-
her husband's conqueror. Again, in the chap-
Again, in the chap- quated firearms in salute, or weeping in silence
ter on “ Athenian Women we read : “ This as their hero passed by.” Although many of
state of matters had a powerful effect on their these
may
have been, as Mr. Phyfe suggests,
wives. Many of them consoled themselves in veterans of the Grand Army, no class had suf-
their loneliness with copious draughts of un fered more from the sins of Napoleon's later
mixed wine.' It is true that we do hear of years than the peasants. These sufferings they
resort to this source of comfort; but the state had forgotten ; but they remembered the epic
ment as it stands is a little too suggestive of a experiences which some of them had had, and
prevalent custom. Aristophanic merriment is
Aristophanic merriment is the glory that had covered France. Every
not to be taken too seriously. However, a great adventurer finds his best ally in the imag-
continuation of these criticisms of scattered inations of his dupes.
points would only emphasize the pleasing gen There are still students, even outside France,
eral impression of carefulness and sound work- who cannot think evil of Napoleon. One of
manship. The essential parts are readable and these is Mr. Oscar Browning, whose book on
instructive; the whole is valuable.
“ The Youth of Napoleon,” reviewed in these
F. B. R. HELLEMS. columns several months ago, showed, like the
present volume on "The Fall of Napoleon," an
attitude of unqualified admiration. This atti-
THE FALL OF NAPOLEON.*
tude does not lead Mr. Browning to cover up
facts which others regard as damaging, but
be a little mystified on discovering that he is simply to look at them from another point of
view. He also relates quite impassively many
deeply touched by a simple narrative of the
incidents which prove that Napoleon, in 1813,
transfer of Napoleon's body from St. Helena to
1814, and 1815, had become unpopular locally.
France, of words spoken or acts of homage as
the body was raised from its resting-place in
The first third of the volume is taken up with
the Valley of Silence, and, after a long voyage,
an account of the wars and diplomacy of 1813
and 1814, and impresses one mainly as being a
given a splendid tomb in The Invalides. The
reason for this feeling is not to be sought in spirited résumé, subject, however, to reserves
things said or done. These were fitting, but touching interpretations of diplomatic policies.
they do not create the feeling, they only serve
The narrative gains in interest after this pre-
it; at most they offer an opportunity to receive liminary work is done and attention is concen-
an impression of the greatness of a career set in
trated upon Napoleon himself, his conduct, and
the strange vicissitudes of his fortune during
relief against a background of exile and death.
the months which followed the first abdication.
And all this is in spite of the fact that most
Here the ground is not bristling with contro-
persons cannot study carefully Napoleon's later
versy, and, through the labors of French writers
career without being convinced that he had
like Houssaye and Masson, a good deal of fresh
come to use his power for evil ends, and that
material is available. One noticeable feature
his overthrow was necessary to the welfare not
of Mr. Browning's work is the sense of propor-
only of Europe but even of France. The con-
trast between this conviction and the feeling treatment of these singularly troubled years.
tion which he has maintained throughout his
the peores. O REFER Peperi Remains from Saint account If he has ever wished to linger over the details
to France in 1840, together with a Description of his Tomb in of some favorite incident or theme, he has re-
the Hotel des Invalides in Paris. By William Henry P. Phyfe. sisted the temptation.
Illustrated. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
TAB FALL OF NAPOLEON. By Oscar Browning. Illustrated. In studying the diplomatic situation, particu-
New York: John Lane Company.
larly that of 1813, Mr. Browning has closely
NAPOLEON'S CONQUEST OF PRUSSIA
Petre. With an Introduction by Field Marshal Earl Roberts. followed the late Albert Sorel. In his preface
Illustrated. New York: John Lane Company.
he makes this one of the chief merits of his
NAPOLEON'S CAMPAIGN IN POLAND, 1806-1807. By F. Loraine
Petre. Third edition. Illustrated. New York: John Lane Co.
book. It is unfortunate that for this very period
-1806.
By F. Loraine


90
[August 16,
THE DIAL
were won.
M. Sorel's work supports a brilliant but not trast is not so much in the capacity of the man
impartial interpretation of the changing attitude at the two periods as in the resources which he
of the Allies, and especially of Austria under had at his disposal and the way in which he had
the guidance of Metternich. Too completely organized them. Nearly half of the new volume
persuaded by M. Sorel's arguments, Mr. is filled with a detailed description of the relent-
Browning calls Metternich's plans an “infa- less pursuit of the fragments of the Prussian
mous plot.” His theory is that Metternich's army
after Jena. Of the two principal battles,
propositions were simply a lure, by which Jena and Auerstädt, the description of Auer-
Napoleon was to be drawn into a negotiation, städt seems clearer and more interesting. The
and put at a disadvantage from which he was not photographs of the field of Jena, to which Mr.
to extricate himself until he had been stripped Petre seems to attach some importance, con-
of honor and provinces and driven back within fuse the impression of the layman, especially
the ancient boundaries of France. He believes when studied in connection with the map
which
with Sorel that the convention made by Austria exhibits the contour of the country. The most
with Russia and Prussia at Reichenbach in June, instructive passage of the book is the description
taken in connection with a convention between of Napoleon's army administration in the field
England and Russia earlier in the month and and of the loose and ineffective organization of
the treaty of Kalisch between Prussia and the Prussian staff. In the crisis of a campaign,
Russia in February, bound Metternich to the the element of time is vital ; and it was by util-
extreme terms which England wished to make. izing this better than did his opponents, as well
The comparatively moderate terms which as because of their mistakes, that these victories
Metternich proposed to Napoleon through
The two volumes by Mr. Petre
Count Bubna, or which had been suggested by show Napoleon's military administration and
his own conversations with Narbonne, had not campaign management at the height of his
the purpose, therefore, of offering a basis for power, when it was used to complete the edifice
peace, but were intended merely to commit of the Grand Empire ; and Mr. Browning's
Napoleon to the policy of retreat, to start him book, read discreetly, furnishes a clear account
on the run as it were. Once entered on the of the ruin of this Empire while its creator was
road of concession, he was not to be allowed playing the game of its defence with a gambler's
to pause, as harsher and harsher terms were recklessness.
HENRY E. BOURNE.
revealed, until the veil was finally torn aside
and he found himself humiliated, face to face
with his inexorable antagonist, forced to accept
RECENT POETRY.*
an “ English ” peace. Such a theory does not
take sufficient account of the distinct policy from semi-oblivion the name of George Henry Miles
Mr. John Churton Collins has sought to rescue
which Austria had followed in 1812 and was
following again in 1813, and which became fully lawyer and a professor of literature, who lived and
(1824-1871), a Southern dramatist and poet, a
developed as Metternich recognized in the happy died in Maryland. The rescue is undertaken, at the
situation of events the possibility of recovering instance of the poet's surviving brother, by the col-
her ancient prestige and territory upon the ruins
* SAID THE ROSE, and Other Lyrics. By George Henry Miles.
of which the Grand Empire had been founded. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.
If Mr. Browning did not lay so much emphasis
NINEVEH, and Other Poems. By George Sylvester Viereck.
on this feature of his book, it would be a mis-
SONNETS AND POEMS. By William Ellery Leonard. Boston:
take to do it here; but the reader should be on
Privately printed.
THE PRODIGAL, and Other Poems. By Peter McArthur.
his guard against accepting as proved a thesis New York: Mitchell Kennerley.
so doubtful.
ACTÆON, and Other Poems. By John Erskine. New York:
In reading an account of the campaign of
THE SOUL'S PROGRESS, and Other Poems. By Louis V.
1813, one's mind goes back naturally to the Ledoux. New York: John Lane Company.
AN ODE TO HARVARD, and Other Poems. By Witter Bynner.
earlier struggle with Prussia and Russia, when
Boston: Small, Maynard & Co.
Jena and Friedland were followed up in a TILES FROM THE PORCELAIN TOWER. By Edward Gilchrist.
Cambridge: The Riverside Press.
manner so different from that of Lützen and
HATHOR. By Stanly Coghill. San Francisco: A. M. Robertson,
Bautzen. The comparison is all the easier THROUGH PAINTED PANES, and Other Poems. By Louis
Alexander Robertson. San Francisco: A. M. Robertson.
because of Mr. Petre's republication, in a third
SONNETS FROM THE TROPHIES OF JOSÉ-MARIA DE HEREDIA.
edition, of “ Napoleon's Campaign in Poland,” Rendered into English by Edward Robeson Taylor. New edi-
and of the appearance of his new volume on
SELECTED POEMS. By Edward Robeson Taylor. San Fran-
“ Napoleon's Conquest of Prussia."
New York: Moffat, Yard & Co.
John Lane Company.
tion. San Francisco: Paul Elder & Co.
The con-
cisco: A. M. Robertson.


1907.]
91
THE DIAL
lection into a volume of many scattered pieces of of the age. The moral of it all is that the work of
verse, the whole being entitled “Said the Rose, and the Saint is needed to complete the Aladdin palace
Other Lyrics." Although " Christine, and Other of our material civilization. Here is a passage con-
Poems," an earlier volume, was published during cerning literary taste that — with a suitable substi-
the poet's lifetime, and elicted praise from such men tution of names may be taken to heart in our
as Holmes, the author is practically unknown to our own days:
day, and his name appears neither in Mr. Stedman's * Alas! the river where the millions drink
“American Anthology "nor in the standard histories
Flows from a Helicon of tainted ink;
of our literature. Reading the fifty pages of Mr.
Lower and lower the darkening stream descends,
Till, lost in filth, the sacred fountain ends.
Collins's appreciative essay, we learn anew the lesson
Who reads Andrea ? here's a penny tale
of fame's caprice, for we become acquainted with a That melts the milkmaid o'er her foaming pail ;
writer of admirable qualities, whose performance Who weeps with Luria that can weekly sob
certainly deserved something less than the entire
With all the victims of Sylvanus Cobb?
To · In Memoriam' why trembling turn
forgetfulness that seems to have become its portion.
When fonder pathos flows from Fanny Fern?
The titular lyric is the plaint of a rose, plucked by a Why wake the organ wail of Hiawatha
lady to wear upon her bosom for an hour, and then When piping publishers assume the author ? "
cast ruthlessly away.
The degeneracy of our political life evokes these
“ How the jealous garden gloried
telling couplets :
In my fall!
“0 Land of Lads, and Liberty, and Dollars !
How the honeysuckles chid me,
O Nation first in schools and last in scholars !
How the sneering jasmins bid me
Where few are ignorant, yet none excel,
Light the long, gray grass that hid me
Like a pall.
Whose peasants read, whose statesmen scarcely spell ;
Of what avail that science lights the way
“ There I lay beneath her window
When dwindling Senates totter to decay, -
In a swoon,
Like some tall poplar withered at the head,
Till the earthworm o'er me trailing
Our middle green, but all the summit dead.
Woke me just at twilight's failing,
We do not ask that mind and manners meet
As the whip-poor-will was wailing
Utopian dream — in every Justice seat:
To the moon.
In troubled times 't is not to be expected
That Law and Grammar be at once protected :
“But I hear the storm-winds stirring
We can endure that barristers dispense
In their lair;
Tropes, neither rhetoric nor common sense,
And I know they soon will lift me
While all the rabble bolt the fluent store
In their giant arms and sift me
Of broken image, battered metaphor,-
Into ashes as they drift me
But, great Diana, when we're only known,
Through the air.
In courts where Adams trod and Franklin shone,
By mute Ambassadors who grandly scorn to
" So I pray them in their mercy
Maim any language save the one they 're born to;
Just to take
When laughing Europe vainly would escape
From my heart of hearts or near it
Yankee sublime, refulgent in red tape,
The last living leaf, and bear it
Might not the torch that fired the Ephesian Dome
To her feet, and bid her wear it
Be well employed - a little nearer home ?."
For my sake.”
And Ibsen himself might have signed the following:
These are the last four of the fourteen charming
Enough for us, our earthly errand run,
stanzas. A number of the poems in this volume are To pass an untithed purse from sire to son.
impressions of Italy, particularly of Italian art, and
Too modest to bestow lest men appland,
the influence of Browning is very evident. Here is
Faith just too feeble to invest with God,
Just zeal sufficient to shun godless knowledge,
the striking close of the lines on the Sistine Madonna:
And just too little to endow a College."
“Sir, 'tis strange ;
That wondrous Virgin face, which Raphael plucked
About three years ago we had occasion to say a
From his vast soul four centuries ago,
few appreciative words about a slender book of
Is breathing now,— not in his Italy -
“Gedichte" by Mr. George Sylvester Viereck. The
But on the shores where then first flashed the sail
Of Genoa's ocean Pilot. Years ago,
author, a German-American youth of twenty, seemed
We met mid-heav'n, like drops of summer rain,
to exhibit an unusual degree of talent, both for versi-
Then, falling, parted !-- But - observe the picture: fication and for imaginative effect. Since that time,
Am I not right? — There — just before them burns, he has been rather conspicuously advertised, and
Viewless to us, the unveiled Omnipotent.
his name has come to mean something to our
Yet, somehow, critics fail to see, or say this."
English-speaking public. He now reveals himself
How easily that defective last line might have been
as a bilingual poet by publishing a volume
changed to its advantage.
“Nineveh, and Other Poems” — which reproduces
“Yet this, somehow, the critics fail to see.”
the "Gedichte” in English garb, and supplements
A
poem
different sort is the “ Aladdin's them by a number of new pieces. Despite the note
Palace," written for the semi-centenary of the of sensuality only too apparent in these compositions,
Catholic college with which the poet was connected. they are remarkable productions, and we trust that
In these lines he waxes satirical over the degeneracy their licentiousness illustrates what will prove but a
66
of a very


92
[August 16,
THE DIAL
end the poem:
“Still,
passing phase of their writer's expression. As it is, “I am the Lord of Heaven and Hell; I reign
they suggest such poets as Ernest Dowson and Arthur King from the blue void to dim gulfs below;
My counsellers were gathered long ago
Symons in their most morbid vein, and this is not a
From conquered hosts of pleasure and of pain.
suggestion to be aimed at by a poet who hopes to be
And when at sanction of their suzerain
taken in a spirit of high seriousness. In the lines They speak the wisdom only they can know,
called “ Nineveh ” we are given the poet's image of
My just decrees work thrift or overthrow
the great city of New York. The following stanzas
Throughout my old and eminent domain.
I plant the mountain where I laid the plain,
Create the seas and suns of afterglow,
“I, too, the fatal harvest gained
Call the great thunder and the wild, slant rain,
Of them that sow with seed of fire
And rear me shrines for worship or for show
In passion's garden - I have drained
Destroying all, when, for my growth and gain,
The goblet of thy sick desire.
I wish new worlds to rise, new winds to blow."
“I from thy love had bitter bliss,
And ever in my memory stir
The combined intellectuality and austere restraint
The after-savours of thy kiss –
of these lines well exemplify the character of Mr.
The taste of aloes and of myrrh.
Leonard's “Sonnets and Poems" some fifty son-
“ And yet I love thee, love unblessed
nets and some score of other pieces. Nature means
The poison of thy wanton's art;
a great deal more to this poet than a mere decorative
Though thou be sister to the Pest
background for human life. She is a solace for
In thy great hands I lay my heart!
grief, since
“And when thy body Titan-strong
" When storms are done,
Writhes in its giant couch of sin,
The wet leaves sparkle on the mountain tree;
Yea, though upon the trembling throng
The gold clouds lie about the setting sun;
The very vault of Heaven fall in;
The blue waves roll their white crests in from sea;
The gentle stars mount heaven one by one
“And though the palace of thy feasts
With ancient light, as now they mount to me,”
Sink crumbling in a fiery sea —
I, like the last of Baal's priests,
and she is an unfailing source of strength, for
Will share thy doom, O Nineveh."
We cannot help recalling to what noble purpose Tho' we have glossed anew the psalmist's verse,
another youthful poet, some fifty years ago, moral-
Our help shall come from out the ancient hill,
ized the burden of his Nineveh, the metropolis
And we shall promise largely and fulfil,
upon
Feeling, as heroes, our unconquered will,
of our mother-country. Mr. Viereck's garden seems
Part of the epic of the universe!”
thus far to have grown fleurs du mal for the most
part; if he were to replant it with roses, or even
Sometimes the author's joy in nature is touched with
with turnips, he would be well-advised. The inspi-
a note of indignation, as in the lines suggested by a
ration of Dowson and Oscar Wilde, of Baudelaire
rumored sale of the White Mountains to a lumber
and Verlaine, is neither vitalizing nor wholesome. company.
But there are in Mr. Viereck's pages some indica “ We traffic with our birthright: our domain
tions of a nobler mood than derives from the ex-
Of torrents thundering inland shall be dumb
We have sold our cataracts to turn our mills;
ample of such writers as have just been named, and
And having lifted up our eyes in vain,
he appeals to us far more deeply with his sonnet
Whence our help cometh, but no more may come;
“ Friendship” than with all the riotous imagery of Now we would sell the everlasting hills !”
his “ Ballad of Sin” or the affected satiety of his
“Sphinx” poems.
These sonnets tempt us to much further quotation.
Their technique is remarkable for several things,
"Lo, in my hour of need I called on thee,
for precision and verbal economy, for rhythmical
Asking thy friendship's none too heavy toll ;
balance and sonerous culmination. We cannot alto-
Comrades were we when I was glad and whole,
And yet thou cam’st not, and at last I see
gether approve of the sort of rubato trick whereby
Twain are the ways of friendship, and there be the sestet is frequently shortened by half a line in the
One that laughs with us o'er the fragrant bowl, interests of the octave, but perhaps this is an article
And one that wanders with the troubled soul
in the author's creed of revolt against " the marble
In the great silence of Gethsemane.
order, the preciser creed ” of academic versifiers.
“I can forgive, and while glad days abound
The poems in other than the sonnet-form include
Thou shalt be with me; but when Autumn flings
The rose-leaf and the wine-cup to the ground,
some fine specimens of blank verse, among which
Then would I call upon the heart that hears the paraphrases of Heraclitus and Empedocles are
With intimate love the depth of human things, noteworthy, as are also the lines on "The Cloud,”
The eye that knows the sanctity of tears."
dedicated with “reverent love” to the spirit of
Says Mr. William Ellery Leonard at the outset Shelley.
of his poems,
Mr. Peter McArthur is a thoughtful poet, although
“I would make mention of primeval things." his inspiration is apt to be a little tame. Occasion-
An illustration of the fulfilment of this purpose may ally, as in this sonnet on “Silence,” he makes a high
be found in “Mens Immortalis."
imaginative flight:


1907.)
93
THE DIAL
66
66
“ Beyond the reach of sun or wandering star,
For life is a joyous song of Love,
In that deep cincture of eternal night
Of Beauty and Delight,
That shrouds and stays this orbed flare of light
And human souls in cadence move
Where many a god hath wheeled his griding car,
With a hymn of noon and night.”
Silence is brooding, patient and afar,
Secure and steadfast in his primal right,
Mr. Witter Bynner has concocted “ An Ode to
Reconquering slowly, with resistless might,
Harvard' ” which records the impressions of a
Dominions lost in immemorial war.
graduate revisiting his Alma Mater in after years.
The throngèd suns are paling to their doom,
It is a lengthy composition of jocose patter, lacking
The constellations waver,
and a breath
Shall blur them all into eternity;
in both dignity and restraint. The miscellaneous
Then Ancient Silence in oblivious gloom
poems which fill the latter (and lesser) half of his
Shall reign — where holds this dream of Time and volume make a somewhat better impression, although
Death
their artistic quality remains inconsiderable. The
Like some brief bubble in a shoreless sea."
last
poem
of all,
“ Over the Hills," seems to be the
Sometimes the verse is in a lighter vein, illustrated best, and we quote it entire.
by these stanzas “ To the Birds":
“ Over the hills to climb and flee,
“How dare you sing such cheerful notes ?
And let no heart be braver!
You show a woful lack of taste;
And when they arise like waves of the sea
How dare you pour from happy throats
O like a bird of the sea to be
Such merry songs with raptured haste,
Over the hills forever!
While all our poets wail and weep,
* Over the hills to find content,
And readers sob themselves to sleep ?
To lose the gall and sorrow
• 'Tis clear to me, you've never read
Of letting life and love be spent
The turgid tomes that Ibsen writes,
For happiness that came and went,
Nor mourned with Tolstoi virtue dead,
Or may not come to-morrow.
Nor over Howells pored o' nights :
** Over the hills hide half-unknown
For you are glad with all your power ;
For shame! Go study Schopenhauer.”
High haunts of starry cover;
O to steal out in the night, alone
We fear that Mr. McArthur himself has not read
With one close-clasp'd whose hair is blown -
his Ibsen ; if he had, so grotesquely inaccurate a
And be the perfect lover!
phrase as “ turgid tomes” could hardly have been
“ Over the hills at last to know
used as a description of the plays.
The soul of some deep river! -
And sweet in the fields to rest and grow,
Beginning with a group of classical idyls, and
And swift in the winds to rise and blow
ending with a Christmas mystery, Mr John Erskine's
Over the hills forever!"
“ Actæon and Other Poems ” offers a series of poet- If the author's habitual flight were as high as this,
ical exercises, wholly derivative in merit, and of he would be by way of becoining a poet.
slight significance. The stanzas called “Parting”
Mr. Edward Gilchrist's “ Tiles from the Porce-
arrest the eye for a moment they at least express
lain Tower” are the lyrics of a reflective mind, but
a clean-cut thought, and express it prettily.
their flow is far from musical a defect due in part
“Not in thine absence, nor when face
to the frequent collocation of ill-matched vocables,
To face, thy love means most to me,
But in the short-lived parting-space,
and in part to the fact that the movement is too much
The cadence of felicity.
clogged with ideas.
We select for quotation “A
Floral Calendar," having for emblems of the four
“So music's meaning first is known,
Not while the bird sings all day long,
seasons the arbutus, the rose, the cardinal-flower, and
But when the last faint-falling tone
the goldenrod. This is the first stanza :
Divides the silence from the song."
“Hail and farewell,
Sweet blossom nurtured in the snow
Mr. Louis Ledoux informs us that his
That doth compel
“Song is from a heart
Thy shape with its star-crystals ere they go!
Thou callest Spring
That tracking orbed Beauty through the world
With ardor undismayed, self-consecrate
Back from the sealed sepulchre of earth,
To follow where the quest may lead, though strange
Yet diest witnessing her strange new birth
When the first robins sing
And perilous the pathway be, but finds
O'er broken shell.
Illusive gleams, ineffable desire.”
Hail, mayflower! Farewell!"
His book is called “The Soul's Progress, and Other
The final stanza runs as follows:
Poems," more than half of it being occupied by the
“ Hail and farewell,
poem thus named, which is a group of lyrics descrip-
All blessed saints of floral calendar!
tive of the journey of the soul “through the realm
Now in the cell
of emotion.” These verses, for example, voice the And catacomb of bitter days ye are ;
mood of “ Youth":
But pagan frost
Of persecution shall not long prevail,
“I sing the joy of the wind-swept woods,
Winter and Death are Knights who bring the Grail
The joy of the sunlit sky,
That we need last and most, —
The joy of the solemn solitudes
Sleep's quick’ning spell.
Where the stars burn clear on high;
Hail, flowers! Hail and farewell!”
79


94
[August 16,
THE DIAL
66
titular poem.
A few translations from the Greek, the Danish, the Dr. Edward Robeson Taylor, whose civic honors
Russian, and the Chinese are appended to Mr. Gil are still fresh in the memory, has put forth a new
christ's original verses.
edition of his translation of “ Les Trophéas,” and a
new volume of “Selected Poems." It is now ten
A little group of volumes from San Francisco,
containing matter new and old, now claims our years
since his first version of the sonnets of Heredia
attention. The smallest of them, but by no means
appeared, and by dint of much polishing, the work
the least significant, is “Hathor," the work of Stanly
is given, in its present fourth edition, what is likely
Coghill, a young writer who died recently. The
to remain its final shape. Readers of poetry have
friend who contributes a prefatory note by way of
much reason to thank Dr. Taylor for the loving
a memorial tells us that the poems are the over-
pains with which he has given them this highly
tone of a strangely beautiful soul that was always
acceptable translation of Heredia's finely-chiselled
seeking for a half-remembered and perhaps, in this
poems. Concerning Dr. Taylor's own “ Selected
world at least, unattainable glory." We quote the
Poems," which fill a handsome volume of one hun-
dred and sixty pages, we have to note that most of
the pieces are reprinted from volumes the plates of
“From what far gulf of Time hath she arisen
To haunt me with her spirit beauty now?
which were destroyed in the fire. And, as in the
How hath she crossed the fathomless abysm,
case of Mr. Robertson, we may safely choose as
The olden glory on her face and brow ?
an example of the hitherto unpublished work the
** Does she yet know how once I did adore her
following sonnet on the diaster which supplied San
In that far land where the old river flows ?
Francisco with a new era from which to reckon her
Remembers she how there I knelt before her
chronology:
And crowned her with the lotus and the rose ?
“ Dawn scarce had lit the torch of smiling day
“The rose the symbol of her deathless beauty,
When quaked the earth as with convulsive fear
The lotus of her fateful spells the sign,
And palsying horror, till, both far and near,
Of charms that lured us from the paths of duty,
Death's trumpets blared where ruin's wreckage lay.
Of love that poured forth blood as free as wine ? Then Fire demoniac raged along its way
“Remembers she the temple by the river,
On flame-wreathed pinions, hurtling spear on spear
The line of white-robed priests that by her passed,
Of direful doom, while still the strangely drear,
The deathless adoration we did give her,
Calm sun shone on with blood-encrimsoned ray.
The longing looks of love toward her cast ?
And Devastation through the waste did stride
With glut so sated, that it truly seemed
“ And sees she one upon the pylon kneeling,
His cup of joy could hold not one drop more.
Watching the white moon sweep across the sky ? But in her fine magnificence of pride
Hears she the wild and agonized appealing,
St. Francis' child blenched not, but greatly dreamed
The prayers to look upon her face and die ?
Of nobler, grander glories than before."
* Hears she the murmur of the ancient river,
This sonnet is the first of a series of six, all impres-
A-flowing, crooning thro' the Nilus reeds,
And wonders she if he can yet forgive her
sive in imagery and stately in diction.
Who slew his people and his ancient creeds ?
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE.
** Regrets she e'er the olden love still flies us,
And new Gods rule us in the old Gods' stead?
Hates she the grim Time Spirit who defies us,
And sweeps away the memory of the dead ? "
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
This little book is distinctly worth while. Its ideas
The most important because the
are mostly echoes, and it is too much tinged with The apology of
a Positivist.
freshest part of Mr. Frederic Har-
the melancholy in which youth is apt to revel, but
rison's excellent book, “ The Creed
it has harmony, and flowing rhythm, and something
of a Layman” (Macmillan), is the opening chapter
of the historical imagination.
entitled “ Apologia pro Fide Mea,” wherein he gives
Mr. Louis Alexander Robertson's Through what may be called his spiritual autobiography, his
Painted Panes, and Other Poems” consists mainly somewhat rapid progress from orthodox Christianity
of matter reprinted from earlier volumes, the plates to a more and more complete acceptance of Comte's
of which were destroyed in the great fire. But teachings while still in his twenties. The other sec-
the chant royal of the dedicatory "Resurgam” is tions of the book, all bearing more or less directly
clearly one of the new pieces, and from it we take on Positivism, have already appeared in various
the opening stanza.
periodicals, except the concluding forms of service
- The cataclysmal force to which we owe
(burial, marriage, initiation, etc.) used by himself
Our glorious Gate of Gold, through which the sea as president of the society worshiping at Newton
Rushed in to clasp these shores long, long ago,
Hall, and a few other short articles relating to the
Came once again to crown our destiny
With such a grandeur that in sequent years
affairs of that society. His presentation of the
This period of pain which now appears
claims of “the religion of humanity,” full and satis-
Pregnant with doubt, shall vanish as when day fying as it is to thinkers of like mind with himself,
Drives the foreboding dreams of night away. will not content those who cannot find complete rest
Born of the womb of Woe, where Sorrow sighs,
Fostered by Faith, undaunted by Dismay,
and comfort in holding with him that “religion is
Earth's fairest City shall from ashes rise."
summed up in Duty, and duty implies fellow-men
66


1907.]
95
THE DIAL
in the
and much moro -
sympathetic work with men and Clerk, but concludes with the suggestion that the
for men.” Here is morality, it is true, but not suf office be restored to its former functions and that
ficiently tinged with emotion to satisfy every heart. the effort be made to obtain more learned and able
The same objection that he urges against pantheism men for the discharge of the duties, and that the
as the worship of a vague abstraction, and the same office be made a sphere of training for those who
reasoning that makes him see poetry but not religion wish to take holy orders.
in Wordsworth’s “Tintern Abbey” will operate in
many minds to discredit “humanity” as an object of
Professor John C. Van Dyke's new
Aids to the study
worship because of its failure to meet the demand
and enjoyment
volume on Studies in Pictures
for a personal deity. Yet everyone who has thought
of great pictures. (Scribner) is an attempt to induce
deeply on religion, and its relation to science and to visitors of picture galleries to adjust their judgments
practical life, must take delight in the clear thinking by taking into consideration certain matters likely to
and the intellectual honesty of one who was early
be ignored. For example, all of the old masterpieces
“saved from those two intellectual curses of our age:
now on exhibition in public galleries are in a foreign
first, a pedantic specialism which limits students environment, uncongenial to their original state with
to a single group of laws and debilitates the whole respect to lighting, framing, distance, etc.; most of
mind; secondly, from the presumptuous folly of
them have been either restored or repainted ; very
attempting to settle ultimate principles by vague
many are wrongly attributed or copies, sometimes
hypotheses and so-called intuitions, without even an
forgeries; their original meaning is frequently quite
elementary conception of true physical law.” There
obsolete for the modern mind. All the Madonnas
is cheer in Mr. Harrison's declaration that the world and Magdalens and Dianas of the Italian painters,
is daily growing more and not less religious — not in all their portraits of lords and ladies, belong to a
a rapturously ecstatic and foolishly sentimental fash-by-gone age; our sympathy with their subjects can
ion, but in a rational, mutually helpful, and soberly go little further than an admiration for a type or a
practical way.
liking for a sentiment. But though the subjects be
obsolete, the skill of the artist still lives, the work-
An interesting The Parish Clerk is an institution manship of the pictures is still of vital interest. The
functionary
of the English Church existing from teaching of the Sistine Madonna, or the story in
English Church. early Saxon times to the present, Botticelli's Spring, may and do slip away; but the
though now passing from the stage before the ad-figures, the colors, the workmanship endure. To
vance of improvements which the Church has wit- study these, to regard art from the artist's point of
nessed during the past fifty years. He gave his view as something beautiful, decorative, appropriate,
name to Clerkenwell, a certain locality of London. attractive in itself apart from any meaning symbolic
He took a prominent part in the mystery plays of or otherwise, - this is what the real study of pictures
his day. His duties and his rights have from time
To help the reader toward this end, Pro-
to time been defined by law, ecclesiastical and civil. fessor Van Dyke devotes Part I. of his simply-written
He was the choir leader, the representative of the and entertaining book. In Part II. we have chapters
people in the responsive services of the Church,
on figure-painting, portrait-painting, genre painting,
often the sexton, and quite as frequently the mentor the animal in art, landscape and marine painting,
of the clergyman. He might otherwise be a useful
which bring the subject down to modern times and
member of the community in which he lived in living artists. Forty full-page half-tones are well
the pursuit of some other calling, as parish-school chosen to illustrate the text.
teacher, cobbler, or stone-cutter. Either he was a
man of little education with a genius for mispro-
" Why do human beings hurt one
A tragedy of
nouncing many of the words of the Church service,
another so?” is the unanswerable
or else the parish clerks of a better sort have failed
question that closes Dr. Max Nordau's
to leave any impress upon the life and traditions of four-act tragedy,“ A Question of Honor,” which was
the English communities. He was of such impor-published in German nine years ago under the title
tance in London in the thirteenth and subsequent “Doctor Kohn,” and is now translated by Miss Mary
centuries that a Parish Clerks' Company was duly J. Safford and issued to the English-reading public
registered at Guildhall, received subsequently a by Messrs. John W. Luce & Co. With too little
succession of royal charters, and erected a building action and variety for successful stage production,
which still exists under the name of the Parish the piece is a moving picture of that form of race-
Clerks' Hall. Altogether he has deserved much at hatred known as anti-Semitism. Of Jewish extrac-
the hands of the historian, and at last he has come tion himself, the author has written feelingly and
to his own.
The Reverend Peter H. Ditchfield, with first-hand knowledge of that whereof he speaks.
Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and writer of The plot of the play is briefly this: Dr. Kohn, a Jew,
many charming books of antiquarian lore, devotes a talented Privatdocent (not quite accurately
a large octavo book to “The Parish Clerk” (Dutton), translated“ private tutor”), more Gentile than Jew
illustrating the volume with pictures from many in his faith, or want of faith, and in all his habits and
sources, chiefly old manuscripts. He relates many associations, - falls in love with a girl of ostensibly
entertaining stories of the vagaries of the Parish Teutonic parentage, but really half-Jewish herself
means.
anti-Semitism.


96
[August 16,
THE DIAL
through her father, a Hebrew who has renounced
The third and concluding volume
A final edition
his race and religion and changed his name. All of America's
of “The Poems of Philip Freneau,
might have gone smoothly, on the surface at least,
earliest poet. Poet of the American Revolution
had the lover been willing to embrace Christianity; (The University Library, Princeton, N. J.), of which
but he honorably refused to profess a faith that had Volume I. was reviewed in The DIAL of June 16,
never commended itself to his acceptance, or to dis 1903, has now appeared. It contains the poems
own a name and an origin that he felt it no shame to written between 1790 and 1815, a quarter-century
avow. The heroine remains true to him, even though in which many things happened. Freneau was a
all her relatives except her father turn against her. keen though by no means impartial observer of
The hero, insulted beyond endurance by her brother, European as well as of American affairs, and re-
demands satisfaction, and falls on the duelling field, corded his thoughts in verse so freely that this vol-
after firing his pistol into the air. Thoroughly ume may be said to form a running commentary on
German in its details of university life and of social the entire period. There are several spirited poems
and family intercourse, the play is manifestly a hard on the French Revolution; and in his remarks on
one to turn into idiomatic English that shall not the War of 1812, Freneau still wields the same
violate “local color”; and though the translator has biting weapon with which he had scourged the
done well, in a few places she might have done bet Tories of an earlier day. The volume concludes
ter. For instance, Frau Moser, surprised by some with a list of poems (119 titles) which, for various
thing her husband has done, exclaims, "I do not reasons (in only one instance for coarseness alone),
recognize you,” meaning of course, “that was not it has seemed wise not to reprint; a bibliography of
like you." The play is excellent reading, and offers
Freneau's poetry,
based on Mr. Paltsits's more elab-
food for thought.
orate volume of 1903, which it corrects in some
details and supplements; and a good index to the
Studies in
Mr. Ralph Adams Cram's volume
ecclesiastical “ The Gothic Quest
whole work. The editor, Professor Pattee, is to be
contains a
architecture.
the
number of lectures and essays that
congratulated upon very satisfactory appearance
of this definitive edition of America's first poet.
have appeared singly in various publications, and
“ Hezekiah Salem ” (as Freneau, a born fighter,
are here brought together. The essays are not inter-
related, although the Gothic thread runs through
frequently signed himself in 1809) deserves to be
them and binds them into a more or less harmonious
something more than a mere name in histories of
whole. That they are vigorous in expression, and
our literature, and will now become better known.
He was far from great; but it is something to have
not wanting in thoughtfulness and purpose, is what
those who know him expect in the essays of Mr.
portrayed so faithfully and so fully that spirit which
Cram. Those in the present collection are mainly
defied King George, and which laid the foundations
of the Republic, and who shall say how much his
a discussion of ecclesiastical architecture from the
Gothic standpoint, or, rather, from the standpoint of
stirring verse helped to do these things?
the English High Church. Formalism and ritual-
The puzzle of Lady Mary Wortley
The life of an
ism seem to hold as high a place in Christian art, to 18th century Montagu's character - whether she
Mr. Cram's mind, as do form and abstract beauty in
letter-writer. was the wanton profligate that Pope's
art generally. The purpose is so evident in these shameless satire would have us believe, or the virtu-
chapters, and the literary expression is so lost in ous matron her own letters to husband and daughter
emphasizing the point, that the charm of certain seem to indicate — is not solved by Mr. George
other of Mr. Cram's writings is missing here. There Paston's "Lady Mary Wortley Montagu and her
is meat in the essays, and good reading for the Times” (Putnam), nor is the exact cause of her
non “Beaux” artists, as well as what might be whole quarrel with the
peppery little poet determined; but
some reading for them. In Mr. Cram's architectural the book is the first, as it may well enough suffice
work, as in his literature, there is an avowed leaning for the last, detailed and painstaking recital of all
to the English; but his power of selection is finer in that diligent research can find to say about this
his architecture, at least it seems to us, who admire remarkable woman.
Other lives of her we have in
and sympathize with his work, – than in his literary some abundance, but they are mostly in the form of
form. It is hard to account for the frequent occur prefatory memoirs prefixed to her works, and do not
ence of the phrase " different to " in the writing of compare in fulness with Mr. Paston's 559-page
a born New Englander ; there are sweeter draughts octavo. He has had access to “four or five hun-
to be drawn at the font of “ English pure and unde dred unpublished letters” to and from the Wortley
filed.” But, after all criticism of form and matter, Montagus, and has also drawn upon Lady Mary's
one must feel that what underlies the volume should unpublished fragment of an autobiography. Numer-
be known and appreciated by every individual or ous portraits are of course provided; there was no
committee or congregation interested in the building lack of these to choose from. The appended list of
of a Christian shrine, or house of worship, or temple. Lady Mary's works fails to mention her chief claim
A chapter on Architectural Education is good read to literary fame, her letters, of which so many, both
ing for architect or layman. The Baker & Taylor Co. genuine and spurious, have been published that a
have published the volume in attractive form. bibliographical survey of the subject would have


1907.]
97
THE DIAL
The creed
been in order. It is because of her letters almost McMahan; “ The Great Plains, 1527-1870," by Mr.
exclusively that we now feel much interest in Lady Randall Parrish; “A Handbook of the Philippines,”
Mary, and in her letters from Constantinople we
by Mr. Hamilton M. Wright; and “Literary Rambles
have the best of her.
in France,” by Miss M. Betham-Edwards.
The “ Makers of Canada " series, published by Messrs.
Taking the tenets of Karl Marx as Morang & Co. of Toronto, will, in the course of a few
of Orthodox a point of departure, Mr. J. Edward weeks, be enriched by one of the most important vol-
Socialism.
Le Rossignol, in his “Orthodox umes, if not the most important volume, in the entire
Socialism" (Crowell), presents a critical study of
collection, — the Life of Sir John Macdonald, by Dr.
the socialistic theory in its most rigid form. The
George R. Parkin, C.M.G.
doctrines of the English Classical School the
A “New Handy Information Series,” which adds
several little volumes to their former series of sim-
corner-stone, as it were, upon which socialism was
built - a
are examined and their inconsistencies noted.
ilar works, is announced by Messrs. Crowell & Co.
Among the titles are: “ How to Play Golf,” « How to
A student of socialistic theories as well as an astute
Play Chess," “ Handy Book of Card Games," “ Handy
observer of facts, Mr. Le Rossignol perceives the Book of Synonyms,” and “How to Keep Well."
fallacies of socialism and flagrantly exposes them. Plans for the fiftieth anniversary number of the
He shows how the basic principle of Marxian philos- “ Atlantic Monthly,” to be issued in November, include
ophy — the economic interpretation of history – articles by the late Mr. Aldrich, Mr. W. D. Howells,
crumbles
away
under Marx's assertion that there and Mr. Walter H. Page, all one-time editors of the
will be an “era of perfect peace.” Furthermore,
magazine, and also reminiscent essays by Mr. J. T.
he sees slight ground for predicting that this social-
Trowbridge and Professor Charles Eliot Norton.
istic era - economically disastrous, as he believes -
Mr. James Duff Brown's “Manual of Library Econ-
will ever be realized. Mr. Le Rossignol makes
omy,” in a revised edition, is published by the Library
Supply Co., London. This standard work of more than
his points skilfully, but one must bear in mind that
in his small volume he in no way attempts to con-
four hundred pages will be found useful by American
librarians as well as English, despite the many differences
sider the position of the “opportunists,” a large sect between the two countries in methods of management.
of less radical socialists. In his pertinent discussion The Phantom Club is an organization of Milwaukee
of orthodox” socialism, however, he is convincing gentlemen, fourteen in number, who indulge in an
in his conclusion that it is as yet “but a faith, not a annual outing, and enliven the proceedings by reading
science.”
papers to each other. “The Kingdom of Light,” by
Mr. George Record Peck, is one of these papers, and is
now published in a small volume by the Messrs. Putnam.
NOTES.
Mr. Rufus Rockwell Wilson, author of “ New York
« The Churchman's Treasury of Song,” compiled by
Old and New,” has been at work for the last two years
on a book entitled “ New York in Literature,” which
Mr. John Henry Burr, is an anthology of the Christian
Messrs. B. W. Dodge & Co. now have in press for pub-
poetry of all ages. Messrs. E. P. Dutton & Co. are the
lication in the early Fall. It will deal, it is said, not only
American publishers.
with the greater city's sites and places associated with
“ Adventures of Uncle Sam's Sailors” is a new volume
authors of the past and their work, but also with those
in “Harper's Adventure Series.” It includes a score
of Long Island, of the Hudson River and Lake regions,
of stories by Commander Peary, Kirk Munroe, William and of New Jersey.
J. Henderson, Franklin Matthews, and others.
Among the anouncements of the Baker & Taylor Co.
The Scribners propose issuing shortly cheap editions
for the fall of 1907 are the “ Autobiography of Oliver
of Stevenson's "Travels with a Donkey” and “ An Otis Howard"; the second volume of Mr. Russell
Inland Voyage,” in limp leather and uniform in style Sturgis's “ History of Architecture”; “ The Appreciation
with « The Pocket R. L. S.” which was published last of Literature,” by Professor George E. Woodberry;
year.
“The Appreciation of the Drama," by Mr. Charles H.
The publication of Messrs. Little, Brown & Co.'s
Building a Home," by Mr. Henry W.
pocket editions of the masterpieces of Alexandre Dumas
Desmond, editor of “The Architectural Record”;
and Victor Hugo has been postponed until the autumn,
and “ Browning's Italy," by Miss Helen A. Clarke.
when pocket editions of Jane Austen's novels will also
Messrs. Duffield & Company announce that they
be issued.
have purchased from Small, Maynard & Company the
Matthew Prior's “Dialogues of the Dead,” with a
late Richard Hovey's books, “ Along the Trail,” “ The
selection of other writings in prose and verse, edited by Birth of Galahad,” “The Marriage of Guenevere,”
Mr. A. R. Waller, is a new volume of the “Cambridge “ The Quest of Merlin,” and “Taliesin.” In addition
English Classics,” published by Messrs. G. P. Putnam's
to these dramas Messrs. Duffield will bring out shortly
Sons for the Cambridge University Press.
« The Holy Grail and Other Fragments," with an intro-
“ Lessons in French Syntax and Composition,” by duction and notes by Mrs. Hovey and a preface by
Messrs. W. U. Vreeland and William Koren, is pub Bliss Carman. The volume will contain Mr. Hovey's
lished by Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. We have from
outline, never before published, of the entire nine vol-
the same house a school text of Balzac's “Ursule
umes of the “ Launcelot and Guenevere Series " as he
Mirouët,” edited by Mr. Frederic Hay Osgood. had projected it; also certain perfected parts of the
Among the important serious works in Messrs. A. C. unfinished plays. Several other posthumous volumes
McClurg & Co.'s announcements for the Fall season are by Mr. Hovey, including a new book of lyrical verse,
“With Wordsworth in England,” by Mrs. Anna B. are said to be in prospect.
Caffin ;


98
[August 16,
THE DIAL
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 48 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
BIOGRAPHY.
The Life of Goethe. By Albert Bielschowsky, Ph.D.; author-
ized translation from the German by William A. Cooper, A.M.
Vol. II., 1788-1815; illus. in photogravure, large 8vo, gilt top,
pp. 454. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $3.50 net.
The Real Sir Richard Burton. By Walter Phelps Dodge.
With photogravure frontispiece, 8vo, gilt top, pp. 240.
A. Wessels Co. $1.80 net.
Leading American Soldiers. By R. M. Johnston, M.A.
With portraits, 8vo, gilt top, pp.371. Leading Americans."
Henry Holt & Co. $1.75 net.
Satan Sanderson. By Hallie Erminie Rives. Illus. in color,
12mo, pp. 400. Bobbs-Merrill Co. $1.50.
The Rock of Chickamauga. By Charles King. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 397. G. W. Dillingham Co. $1.50.
The Serf : A Tale of the Times of King Stephens. By Guy
Thorne. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 310. R. F. Fenno & Co. $1.50.
Devota. By Augusta Evans Wilson. Illus, in color, 8vo, gilt
top, pp. 122. G. W. Dillingham Co. $1.50.
Pilgrimage. By C. E. Lawrence. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 290. E. P.
Dutton & Co. $1.50.
The Imperfect Gift. By Phyllis Bottoma. New edition ;
12mo, pp. 341 E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.50.
Garrison's Finish: A Romance of the Race-Course. By
W. B. M. Ferguson. Illus., 12mo, pp. 282. G. W. Dillingham
Co. $1.50.
T. Thorndyke, Attorney-at-Law: The Romance of a Young
Lawyer. By Herbert I. Goss. Illus., 12mo, pp. 496. Boston:
C. M. Clark Publishing Co. $1.50.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION.
Canada To-day. By J. A. Hobson, M.A. 12mo, pp. 143. A.
Wessels Co. $1. net.
Switzerland and the Adjacent Portions of Italy, Savoy, and
Tyrol. By Karl Baedeker. Twenty-second edition; 16mo,
pp. 551. Charles Scribner's Sons. $2.40 net.
HISTORY.
Reconstruction, Political and Economic, 1865-1877. By
William Archibald Dunning, Ph.D. With portrait and
maps, 8vo, gilt top, pp. 378. American Nation." Harper &
Brothers. $2. net.
St. Stephen's in the Fifties, the Session of 1852-3; A Parlia-
mentary Retrospect. By Edward Michael Whitty; with
Introduction by Justin McCarthy. New edition; with fron-
tispiece, large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 316. A. Wessels Co.
$3. net.
A History of Slavery in Cuba, 1511-1868. By Hubert H. S.
Aimes, Ph.D. 8vo, pp. 298. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
The Story of Dublin. By D. A. Chart, M.A. Illus. in pho-
togravure, etc., 18mo, gilt top, pp. 365. Mediæval Town
Series." Macmillan Co. $2. net.
Ancient Society; or, Researches in the Lines of Human
Progress from Savagery through Barbarism to Civilization.
By Lewis H. Morgan, LL.D. New edition; large 8vo, pp.560.
Henry Holt & Co.
Hampton and Reconstruction. By Edward L. Wells. With
portrait, large 8vo, pp. 238. Columbia, S. C.: The State Co.
ESSAYS AND GENERAL LITERATURE.
The Development of Shakespeare as a Dramatist. By
George Pierce Baker. Illus., 12mo, pp. 329. Macmillan Co.
$1.75 net.
Lonewood Corner: A Countryman's Horizons. By John
Halsham. 12mo. pp. 289. E. P. Dutton Co. $1.50 net.
The Kingdom of Light. By George Record Peck. 12mo, gilt
top, pp. 97. G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1. net.
The Power of Character. By Lady Elphinstone; with Intro-
duction by Canon Tetley, 18mo, gilt top, pp. 140. A. Wessels
Co. $1. net.
The Kingdom of Love. By Henry Frank. 12mo, uncut,
pp. 245. R. F. Fenno & Co. $1. net.
THEOLOGY AND RELIGION.
God's Board: Being a Series of Communion Addresses. By
Edward White Benson. 16mo, gilt top, pp. 233. E. P. Dutton
& Co. $1.25 net.
Missionary Growth of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
By H. K. Carroll, LL.D. 16mo, gilt top, pp. 149. “Little
Books on Missions.” Jennings & Graham. 35 cts, net.
Praise and Service. Edited by Charles H. Gabriel. 12mo.
Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society.
POLITICS.- ECONOMICS.
The Future of Japan, with a Survey of Present Conditions.
By W. Petrie Watson. Large 8vo, pp. 389. E. P. Dutton &
Co. $3.50 net.
To Colonise England: A Plea for a Policy. By C. F. G.
Masterman, W. B. Hodgson, and others. 12mo, pp. 211. A.
Wessels Co. $1. net.
EDUCATION.
The Elements of Mechanics. By W. S. Franklin and Barry
Macnutt. Illus., large 8vo, pp. 283. Macmillan Co. $1.50 net.
American History for Use in Secondary Schools. By Roscoe.
Lewis Ashley. Illus., 12mo, pp. 557. Macmillan Co. $1.40 net.
French Syntax and Composition. By W. U. Vreeland and
William Koren. 12mo, pp. 178. Henry Holt & Co.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
Dialogues of the Dead, and Other Works in Prose and Verse.
By Matthew Prior; edited by A. R. Waller, M.A. 8vo, gilt
top, pp. 416. Cambridge English Classics." G. P. Putnam's
Song.
Voltaire's Contes Choisis. With Preface by Gustave Lanson.
With photogravure portrait, 16mo. gilt top, pp. 210. Clas-
siques Francais." G. P. Putnam's Sons. Leather, $1. net.
POETRY AND THE DRAMA.
Short Poems. By Gascoigne Mackie. 18mo, uncut, pp. 51.
Oxford: B. H. Blackwell.
Sir Walter Raleigh : A Drama in Five Acts. By H. A. A.
Cruso. 12mo, pp. 178. A. Wessels Co. $1.50 net.
A Minor Poet Sings. 12mo, uncut, pp. 64. London: Murray
& Co.
The Churchman's Treasury of Song Gathered from the
Christian Poetry of All Ages. Compiled by John Henry
Burn. 18mo, pp. 427. E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.50 net.
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG.
Adventures of Uncle Sam's Sailors. By R. E. Peary,
Molly Elliot Seawell, Kirk Munroe, and others. Illus., 18mo,
pp. 232. Harper & Brothers. 60 cts.
The Young Acadian: or, The Raid from Beausejour. By
Charles G. D. Roberts. Illus., 12mo, pp. 139. L. C. Page &
Co. 50 cts.
MISCELLANEOUS.
The Romance of Steel: The Story of a Thousand Millionaires.
By Herbert N. Casson. With portraits, large 8vo, pp. 376.
A. S. Barnes & Co. $2.50 net.
The Nature and Purpose of the Universe. By John
Denham Parsons. Large 8vo, gilt top, uncut, pp. 561. A.
Wessels Co. $6. net,
Manual of Library Economy. By James Duff Brown.
Revised edition; illus., large 8vo, pp. 415. London: The
Library Supply Co.
History in Fiction : A Guide to the Best Historical Romances,
Sagas, Novels, and Tales. By Ernest A. Baker, M.A. In 2
vols., 18mo, gilt tops. E. P. Dutton & Co.
FICTION
The Traitor: A Story of the Fall of the Invisible Empire. By
Thomas Dixon, Jr. Illus. in color, 12mo, pp. 331. Doubleday.
Page & Co. $1.50.
A Stumbling Block. By Justus Miles Forman. 12mo, pp. 300.
Harper & Brothers. $1.50.
John Kendry's Idea. By Chester Bailey Fernald. With fron-
tispiece in color, 12mo, pp. 348. Outing Publishing Co. $1.50.
Where the Red Volleys Poured: A Romance of the Civil
War. By Charles W. Dahlinger. Illus., 12mo, pp. 375. G. W.
Dillingham Co. $1.50.
STUDY and PRACTICE of FRENCH in 4 Parts
L. C. BONAME, Author and Pub., 1930 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.
Well-graded series for Preparatory Schools and Colleges. No
time wasted in superficial or mechanical work. French Text:
Numerous exercises in conversation, translation, composition.
Part I. (60 cts.): Primary grade; thorough drill in Pronuncia-
tion. Part II. (90 cts.): Intermediate grade; Essentials of
Grammar; 4th edition, revised, with Vocabulary; most carefully
graded. Part III. ($1.00): Composition, Idioms, Syntax; meets
requirements for admission to college. Part IV. (35 cts.):
handbook of Pronunciation for advanced grade; concise and
comprehensive. Sent to teachers for examination, with a view
to introduction.


1907.]
99
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100
[August 16, 1907.
THE DIAL
The Johns Hopkins University

Beautiful Joe
BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.
NEW AND ENLARGED EDITION
Thirty-Second Year – Beginning October 1, 1907.
IRA REMSEN, President.
EDWARD H. GRIFFIN, Dean of the College Faculty.
WILLIAM H. HOWELL, Dean of the Medical Faculty.
Instruction.
FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS :
(a) In Philosophy and the Arts. (Courses for candi-
dates for the degree of Ph.D.)
(b) In Medicine. (Courses for candidates for the
degree of M.D.; courses for physicians.)
Marshall Saunders
FOR UNDERGRADUATES:
(c) As candidates for the degree of B.A.
(d) As special students.
Tlustrated by CHARLES COPELAND
Libraries.
Price, $1.25
University
135,000 volumes.
Ready about September 1st
Peabody Institute .
161,000 volumes.
Pratt Library
244,000 volumes.
This story won the prize offered by the Amer-
Laboratories.
Directors.
ican Humane Society for the best treatment
Chemistry
Ira Remsen.
of the wrongs of animals. We celebrate the
printing of the 500,000 of Beautiful Joe by
Physics
Joseph S. Ames.
issuing this new edition.
Geology and Mineralogy
William B. Clark.
Biology
William K. Brooks.
Order from the nearest house
Anatomy
Franklin P. Mall.
PHILADELPHIA
Physiology :
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Pathology and Bacteriology William H. Welch.
American Baptist Publication Society
Pharmacology:
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Boston New York Chicago St. Louis Atlanta Dallas
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Seminaries.
Directors.
Greek
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Sanskrit.
Maurice Bloomfield.
Semitic
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Romance
A. Marshall Elliott.
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History
John M. Vincent.
History
C. M. Andrews.
Political Economy
J. H. Hollander.
By MARGARET PRESCOTT MONTAGUE, pos-
Political Science
W.W. Willoughby.
sessing so many elements of greatness, that
Philosophy.
J. Mark Baldwin.
many times the five thousand people who
Mathematics
Frank Morley.
have already read it will read it in the next
Physics . .
Joseph S. Ames.
six months.
Undergraduate Courses (leading to B.A.).
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Groups.
1. Ancient Languages.
in the New York Times says in part:
2. Modern Languages.
“The book indeed, in spite of its dramatic fire,
3. History and Political Economy.
is pervaded with a quaint and subtle quality
4. Mathematics and Physics.
always sweet and always tender.
There are
5. Chemistry, Biology, and Geology.
chapters of tranquil beauty and others again
written in fire."
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“ Alderson Cree' reveals splendid dramatic and
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Studies in History and Politics (vol. XXV).
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In many parts of the country the papers predict a
Memoirs from the Biological Laboratory (vol. VI).
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THE. DIAL
A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF
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EDITED BY
Volume XLIII.
FRANCIS F. BROWNES No. 509.
CHICAGO, SEPT. 1, 1907.
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KATE DOUGLAS WIGGIN The Old Peabody Pew
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With illustrations by ALICE BARBER STEPHENS. $1.50.
WILLIAM DEAN HOWELLS Venetian Life
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JOHN BURROUGHS Camping and Tramping with President Roosevelt
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HENRY MILNER RIDEOUT Admiral's Light
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THOMAS WENTWORTH HIGGINSON Life of Stephen Higginson
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BLISS PERRY John Greenleaf Whittier
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MARGARET SHERWOOD The Princess Pourquoi
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EVA MARCH TAPPAN
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102
[Sept. 1
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1907.)
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[Sept. 1,
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[Sept. 1, 1907.
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No. 509. SEPTEMBER 1, 1907. Vol. XLIII. hearing of one of the plays. Merely to recite
to himself the names of the plays, to call the roll
CONTENTS.
of his favorite characters, to let the music and
A NEW CLASSIFICATION OF SHAKESPEARE'S
picture of the verse steal over his mind, is like
PLAYS. Charles Leonard Moore
107 holding up
to his
eye jewel after jewel from an
CASUAL COMMENT
Orient casket - ruby, diamond, emerald, and
110
The prosperity of the writers of the “ best sellers of pearl — and watching the flash and sparkle and
the season.
- The gentle art of extra-illustrating. play of color; it is like walking in the garden
-The opening of the academic year. — Who are
“foreign authors”?—The self-consciousness of mod-
of Alcinöus, where apple succeeded apple and
ern literature. — The popular demand for poetry.-
pear succeeded pear,
and blossom and fruit were
The prevalence of transmitted stupidity. — A revi on the branch at once.
val of Greek tragedy in France. — The decline of
the poetic drama in England. - An octogenarian
For Shakespeare is not only himself alone.
philanthropist and editor. - Biblioklepts and book The intellect of the world has been squandered
markers. - A gratuitous blunder in history. – A
upon him for centuries. He has, as it were,
Theodore Parker centenary. - A German lecturer
robbed generation after generation to add to his
BURTON THE UNAPPRECIATED. Percy F. own store. Think of the critics who have come
Bicknell. :
114 from all four quarters of the globe, bearing their
THE TRAGEDY OF THE PURITAN REVOLU gifts of honey or spices to lay at his feet! Think
TION IN DIALOGUE. F. B. R. Hellems 115 of the artists and illustrators whose embodi-
ENGLAND'S COLONIAL CAMPAIGNS IN AMER ments, whether successful or not, are ranged tier
ICA. Edwin Erle Sparks
117 | beyond tier in our minds! Think of the players,
CHOICE FACTS CHOICELY EMBELLISHED. at once the best critics and best illustrators of
May Estelle Cook .
118
Shakespeare, whose melody of voice, whose state-
Martin and Campbell's Canada. Belloc's The
Historic Thames. — Tuker and Matthison's Cam-
liness or beauty or charm of person, are inex-
bridge. – Menpes's Paris, new edition.
tricably blent in our memories with the poetry
PROBLEMS OF AMERICAN DEMOCRACY. Max
itself! Our thought of Shakespeare is truly a
West.
120 complex of association.
Reinsch's American Legislatures and Legislative It is more for mere delight in dealing with
Methods. - Howe's The Confessions of a Monopo-
list. - Pierce's The Tariff and the Trusts. — Dole's
the subject, than with any hope of unearthing
The Spirit of Democracy. - Baker's American a critical treasure-trove, that some suggestions
Problems.
are ventured as to the classification of the plays.
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS
122
A chronological arrangement, if it could be got
Perils and problems of our mixed population. -
Ethics in business and in politics. — The latest
at, would be the ideal one, as showing the devel-
"spade-work” in the Ægean. — Some historic opment of Shakespeare's mind and art. But that
haunts in the old Bay State. Chapters in the
is not to be hoped for. The ordinary division,
history of a famous myth. — Romantic haunts of
song and story. — Great generals of America. - into comedies, histories, and tragedies, is crude
First aid to the teacher.
enough. Some of the plays classed as comedies
NOTES
124 are thoroughly tragic; and there are many of
LIST OF NEW BOOKS .
125 mixed species. Why not let them pair and group
on art.
.
.
.
.


108
[Sept. 1
THE DIAL
into families, according to their inward charac- like these two plays. They are the top and
teristics ? Mates and natural companions would crown of the whole world's work in comedy.
suit and set each other off better than if sep- And, as being unique, we could almost have
arated by intruding and discordant pieces. the heart to declare them Shakespeare's master-
There are, first, the two farces, “ The Comedy pieces. For in tragedy the world may produce
of Errors” and “ The Taming of the Shrew." something to equal his best, as indeed it has
Barring the Christopher Sly framework of the done in the past ; but it is improbable that any-
latter piece, which is in his richest natural vein, one will ever again recover the Golden Age as
these plays are like nothing else of Shakespeare's. it is embodied in these two plays.
He was trying his hand at the Latin or Italian In the two comedies of the imagination,
type of comedy; and while they are mechanical “ The Tempest” and “ A Midsummer Night's
to a degree compared with his other work, they Dream,” we are on the turn of the tide which
have immense skill and vivacity and theatrical is to sweep us toward great and serious poetry.
life.
Comedy abounds in both ; but the latter piece
Then there are the two comedies of fancy, is an ironic, not a real, presentation of life, and
“ The Two Gentlemen of Verona” and “Love's in “ The Tempest
in “The Tempest " the deep grave notes of
Labour's Lost,”—the first, boyish, gentle, tame, poetry boom like surf on a sunny day, advertis-
but with gleams of the truest humor and with ing one of shipwreck and death. As anyone
the unfolded buds of half of Shakespeare's gar who has seen Miss Russell's recent production
den of comedy in it; the second, the very riot of " A Midsummer Night's Dream " can realize,
of youthful wit and imagination and feeling. that piece is a view of human life seen from
Tennyson's “ Princess" is the modern analogue Fairyland. The fairies are the sane and rea-
of Love's Labour's Lost," and, though rich and sonable personages, the men and women the
elaborate, has little of the vividness and reality incongruous and absurd ones.
and headlong high spirits of the older work. “Cymbeline” and “The Winter's Tale"
Next come Shakespeare's great plays of pure have always been called romances, and there is
humor and wit. There is the dazzling “ Much no better name for them; only I would add
Ado about Nothing," which, though with a 6 The Merchant of Venice” and “ Romeo and
sheen of poetry over it, and even a sudden open Juliet” to the group. In all, the serious, if
ing abyss of passion, is yet predominantly humor not tragic, interest prevails, and in all there is
ous. Then there are the two parts of " Henry a rich vividness in the outward setting and a
IV.,” with their scenes of heroism and war and tumultuous passion in the life portrayed, which
statecraft serving as a mere foil to the more is different from anything in the comedies. The
important adventures of Falstaff. And there sunlight is stronger and the shadows are deeper.
is the “ Merry Wives of Windsor,” where that 6. The Merchant of Venice" is the more multi-
incarnation of Original Evil, that projection of form and many-colored. It is like a bed of
the irresponsible part of humanity, wallows tiger-lilies, which in the end blanch out into
about like Behemoth in a sea too small for him.
“Romeo and Juliet” is the most
Cleon, Miles Gloriosus, Trimalchio, Panurge, | intense in feeling and most single in action of
Sancho Panza, and their later descendants Dick all Shakespeare's plays. It leaps on like flash
Swiveller and Micawber, all creep along in after flash of lightning, almost intolerably
fiction under the shadow of the mighty bulk of dazzling and splendid. “The Winter's Tale,”
Falstaff.
handicapped by a bad story in the beginning,
“ Twelfth Night” and “ As You Like It” and divided into two parts, only recovers itself
form a separate species of Shakespeare's work as a poem in the second half, where the pastoral
the species of poetic humor; and they are
scenes and
pomp
of festival and Perdita's charm
alone in their kind in literature. Aristophanes
Aristophanes lift it to a high level. Yet the earlier action is
beats Shakespeare in airy inventiveness, as in more theatrically effective. In reading the
“ The Birds” and “ The Clouds.” Rabelais play, one almost pities Shakespeare for such an
rivals him in the comedy of wisdom - the sage's obvious "god from the machine" device as the
look behind the grotesque mask. Cervantes and oracle. But the thing is triumphantly powerful
Sterne equal him in the humor of contrasts; on the stage. We are all agreed about the
Molière surpasses him in cool social satire. But
him in cool social satire. But central character and central scenes of " Cym-
for poetry, romance, passion, tenderness, wit, beline." Nothing in Shakespeare touches the
humor, fun, all blended together into an intoxi- imagination and the heart more deeply than
cating draught of happiness, there is nothing | Imogen's adventurous flight and seeming death
pure white.


1907.]
109
THE DIAL
There is a group of four pieces which might must say “ Poor Othello!” “Poor Desdemona!"
be named the satire plays. It consists of " All's “ The pity of it” is predominant in our minds.
Well that Ends Well," " Measure for Meas The three Roman plays we should denomi-
ure,
,” “ Troilus and Cressida,” and “ Timon of nate scenical tragedies. Shakespeare's mind
Athens.” No other play is so hard to place in does not seem thoroughly at home in the Roman
this arrangement as the first of these. It is world of law and form. He was, indeed, like
highly romantic in the figure of the heroine, a mountain, which has one side facing the
but Bertram and Parolles are dealt with in the north, lit by gray skies or the mystic glamor of
spirit of unsparing satire. “ Measure for the moon, with prodigious precipices, with
Measure” is Shakespeare's grimmest work. glaciers, with impenetrable forests ; but whose
Earth’s blackness and earth's decay pervade it, other side slopes gently to the south and to the
with one figure of the purest light moving sun, and shows fields and vineyards and tem-
about amid its bagnios and prisons and charnel.ples and peopled towns. But it was the Greek
houses. Troilus and Cressida” is Shake or later Italian life of the South with which he
speare's one great parody. After spending his was in sympathy, - a life whose ideals were
life in celebrating greatness and beauty and liberty and leisure, art and love. Roughly
truth and honor, he turned in inexplicable dis- speaking, it may be said that nobody works in
gust to strike at everything he believed in. In Shakespeare's plays. Warriors and statesmen,
“ Timon of Athens” he followed the Lucianic of course, there are; but most of his characters are
work so closely that the play has less originality technically ladies and gentlemen. If tradesmen
than anything he did. He added a scenic or handicraftsmen are introduced, they are
splendor and fulness to the bare Greek dialogue, treated with a good deal of contempt. The
and to the later speeches of the great misan harsh Roman world of duty and discipline did
thrope gave a power and majesty of scorn which not much inspire him. It did not inspire the
makes all other satire seem tame and hollow. Roman poets. So it follows that, good as “Cori-
The four great tragedies of power and pas- olanus” and “Julius Cæsar” are, Shakespeare's
sion, Lear,” “Hamlet,"
“ Hamlet,” “Macbeth,” and one triumphant achievement in this field is in
“Othello,” have always been recognized as iso “ Antony and Cleopatra."
The Greek queen
lated in Shakespeare's work, the equal and domi that colossal courtesan who took in empires
nating peaks of his mountain
range.
“ Othello” for a night's caress — is studied with loving
seems decidedly inferior to the other three in care and portrayed with supreme success.
power and interest. Yet its theme
The inferiority of historic to legendary or
test of Good and Evil, which is the central freely invented material for literary creation is
idea of most religions — has probably never illustrated in the chronicle plays which remain
been so clearly and strongly embodied. In
In to be noted. With the exception of two or three
“Faust” there is really no struggle of oppo- of the comedies, they are the least valuable of
nents, for the German Doctor is at heart as bad Shakespeare's works. Only two of them, indeed,
as his familiar, and Marguerite is weak. In —and those the two in which legend has the most
Milton, the moral principle has somehow got part, Richard III.” and “Henry V.” -possess
twisted, and we sympathize with the brave and at all the fused and flaming character of works
noble Devil. In the Hindoo Rāmāyana, with of art. The rest are things of shreds and patches
its contest between Rāma and Rāvana over the - splendid shreds and patches indeed, as in the
pure and beautiful Sita, the theme is set forth passion of Constance, the pathos of Arthur, the
powerfully, though with less concentration than superb truculence and truth of Falconbridge in
in “Othello." Perhaps the reason for the slight “ King John," the character of Catherine in
coldness I feel towards “Othello” – I know Henry VIII.," and passage upon passage in the
not if anyone else shares it — is that the piece three parts of “ Henry VI.” In “ Richard II.”
is too painful, too pathetic. The misfortunes of Shakespeare is beating up against the wind of
the good characters are undeserved, are brought an unpromising subject — tacking and veering
about by their frankness, trustfulness, and with great skill and persistence, but not really
nobility. Lear's fate is largely due to his own arriving anywhere.
temper, and his ruin is demanded for the exhi Of the two doubtful plays, “ Pericles” is not
bition of the utmost grandeur of human char- doubtful at all. It is authentic Shakespeare in
acter. Macbeth and his wife only get their great part, though doubtless patched up with
come-uppance. And I defy anyone to pity older work. The wanderings of the Prince of
Hamlet of the kingly mien and mind. But we Tyre and the sufferings of his daughter are most
the con-


110
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
.
affecting, and there is little to wonder at in the uals, which the masses always thrill to, - it is the
popularity of the piece which moved Ben Jonson tragedy of the masses, which only a few individuals
to wrath. " Titus Andronicus” is about as bad can recognize. Fortunately for Mr. Wells's fame,
a play as was ever written, but that is no reason
a number of his books are written in a different
why it should not have been the work of the
mood, under another inspiration. There is “ The
Wheels of Chance," for example. One associates
youthful Shakespeare. That such a mind as his
this story with Mr. Aldrich's “Queen of Sheba,”
should have come to years of majority without
Mr. Howells's “ Lady of the Aroostook," and Mr.
doing anything in verse, is incredible. Crude
Viele's “Inn of the Silver Moon." It is more real
and horrible as the piece is, it has power. The than any of these, and not less romantic. How, in
young poet who begins with power may go far; mere handsbreadth, as it were, of apparently
the one who begins with good taste has already unstudied prose, there can be crowded so much
reached the length of his tether.
humor, so many clear and glowing vignettes of
It is hardly necessary to say that the order English scenery, and such a collection of eccentric
in which the plays are printed does not seem of yet unforced characters is a wonder and a study.
any particular importance. But it is interest-
Mr. Wells's longest novel, “ Kipps,” is a re-handling
ing to note the resemblances and relationships earlier story, but is even more masterly, and has
of the same theme. It wants the freshness of the
among them, and to observe the considerable
one character at least which is in the ranks of first-
number of groups into which they break up.
class comedy creations. But even in this book Mr.
For Shakespeare's title to the throne of univer-
Wells's social worries rather embarass his art. He
sal literature rests on his variety. He is lord seems to have an ever-lingering doubt whether in
of more domains than any other poet. Homer this
sorry world he has the right to take joy in his
has no humor, no mystery, no romantic idealism. own creative gifts.
Æschylus is altogether outside of humor, almost THE GENTLE ART OF EXTRA-ILLUSTRATING, in
outside of humanity. Dante has a grim wit, but these days of cheap and numerous process prints, is
the lighter and kindlier traits of man are hid within the reach of nearly everyone who has taste
den from him ; he is intolerant of two-thirds and time for it. A pile of discarded magazines or
of human nature. And if we turn to the come a dollar's worth of “Perry Pictures," with scissors
dians, they fail in seriousness, in splendor, in
and paste, will furnish means for increasing the
value and interest of a shelf-ful of old books
beauty. But Shakespeare's hand is on all the
not
sceptres of all the rulers of literature. Supreme ings deprecate the extra-illustrator's attentions. A
new ones, whose immaculate pages and stiff bind-
religious ecstasy is the only region where his
well-read and preferably somewhat loose-jointed
dominion is not assured; and he wanders around
copy
of Hawthorne's “ House of Seven Gables," for
its borders in constant metaphysical debate and
example, can be turned into a lavishly-illustrated
wonder.
CHARLES LEONARD MOORE. volume by inserting appropriate plates from a ten-
cent album of old Salem's historic scenes. Long-
fellow's poems, too, offer material for the exercise
of literary-artistic taste and skill. An easily obtain-
able view of the fine old tree-shaded mansion on
CASUAL COMMENT.
East Street in Pittsfield where stood the ancient
THE PROSPERITY OF THE WRITERS OF THE “BEST time-piece that ticked out its endless refrain of
SELLERS OF THE SEASON” has moved Mr. H. G.
“ forever never! never – forever!” gives fresh
Wells to epigram. He says that in old days the meaning to “The Old Clock on the Stairs,” and a
authors died and the books lived ; while now the penny picture of the Reef of Norman’s Woe appro-
books die and the authors live. Mr. Wells himself priately illustrates “The Wreck of the Hesperus.”
is so good a writer that his chance of breaking into This is good work for invalids and convalescents ;
what he calls the motor-car class in literature must it helps to hang about the walls of the mind a tap-
be remote. For so delightful a humorist, he is estry of literary and historic associations, and, inci-
singularly serious. He takes the fate of mankind dentally, it sometimes proves to be a pecuniarily
and the follies of society hard. The world is too profitable use of one's time as when some rich
much with him ; like Atlas, he has it always on his collector takes a fancy to some product of the extra-
shoulders. He has reformed the world, or prophe- illustrator's art and pays him a fancy price for it.
sied its dire and hopeless future, in a half-dozen
books. Fascinating and remarkable as these are, THE OPENING OF THE ACADEMIC YEAR is at
they are so redolent of chemicals, so resonant with hand, and presently we shall hear from every side
the buzzing of machinery, that they repel the or that entering classes are breaking all previous
dinary literary instinct. It is Poe without his records for size. Our continued material prosperity
profundity, Jules Verne without his cheerfulness. has at least this good feature to it, that it makes
The tragedy in them is not the tragedy of individ- | possible a larger draughting of youth into the ranks


1907.]
111
THE DIAL
LITERA-
of college students. “ Nowhere in the world,” said the mouth-filling compound " Anglirwelscotmanx ?
Ambassador Bryce in his late address at Chicago for the literature of the British islands. But the
University,“ does there seem to be so large a part term “ English ” will not be driven out; as well
of the people that receive a university education as might one object to the use of “ Roman as applied
here in America. The effects of this will no doubt to the ancient empire of that name, or to “ Yankee”
be felt in the coming generation. Let us hope they as designating a citizen of the United States. The
will be felt not only in the complete equipment of most important or best-known part usurps the pre-
your citizens for public life and their warmer zeal rogatives of the whole. A curious reverse usage,
for civic progress, but also in a true perception of however, is found in the adjective “ American,”
the essential elements of happiness, a larger capacity which is comnionly understood as referring to this
for enjoying those simple pleasures which the culti- country.
vation of taste and imagination opens to us all.”
THE SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS OF MODERN
Earlier in the same address, which was entitled, TURE, its sophisticated, scientific, positive tone, and
“What University Instruction May do to Provide
its individualism, which makes each writer a canon
Intellectual Pleasures for Later Life,” Mr. Bryce and measure to himself, are somewhat depressingly
took occasion to emphasize the need that we increas-
insisted upon by Mr. R. A. Scott-James in an En-
ingly feel as we grow older to have all the help glish journal. He declares at the outset that good
and inspiration for our own lives that poetry can criticism, which Matthew Arnold defined as "a
give. Much of everyone's work is dull and depress- disinterested endeavour to learn and propagate the
ing, and that escape from dulness which the strain best that is known and thought in the world,” can-
of fierce competition or bold speculation gives is a not now be confined to the limits thus fixed. “For
dangerous resource. It is better to feed what I have surely,” he explains, “ you cannot possibly know
called the inner life. Not all can succeed in life;
the best until you know something of the worst."
none can escape its sorrows. He who under disap- But is that true? One might quote here, without
pointments or sorrows has no resources within his
too great irrelevancy, the definition of a good and
own command beyond his business life, nothing to
wise judge in Plato's “ Republic," and the philoso-
which he can turn to cheer or refresh his mind, pher's conclusion that “vice cannot know virtue, but
wants a precious spring of strength and consolation.”
a virtuous nature, educated by time, will acquire
Let us hope, then, that out of the multitudes enter- knowledge both of virtue and vice.” And this
ing college this fall some considerable number will
sentiment, as is well enough known, our New En-
enter for the purpose of feeding the inner life
gland Plato has repeated. Mr. Scott-James main-
rather than the foot-ball eleven, the boat crew, or tains, further, that science has killed superstition,
the base-ball nine.
reason strangled fancy, and modern psychology
WHO ARE FOREIGN AUTHORS ”? is a question
made us introspective and unspontaneous. This is
forcibly presented by Miss L. H. Soutar, a Scotch true in part, but not in so full a sense as to leave us
woman, in, a recent number of “The Author” of with the barren prospect contemplated by the
London. In the articles of association of the Society essayist. We are conquering new kingdoms, invad-
of Authors, the phrase “English and foreign ing and taking possession of new realms; yet this
authors occurs; and Miss Soutar objects, as do
extension of our frontiers does not mean that there
many of her race, to this comprehensive use of the is to be no terra incognita beyond. We still march
proper adjective. “Like the majority of Scotch with it, the only difference being that our boundaries
and Irish people,” she writes, “I feel resentful are immensely enlarged. The literary outlook was
when our countries and peoples are grouped under never so richly promising as now. From the chaos
the titles of England and English. If the Incor of contemporary publications, those fit to survive
porated Society of Authors is a national institution will in time be recognized by that “high serious-
and instituted to assist British authors, then I con-
ness” which Mr. Scott-James admires in Matthew
sider there is a lack of correctness in substituting Arnold, but thinks to be no longer possible in
the word, English for British.” Reference is then literary criticism.
made to some of Scotland's famous writers, who THE POPULAR DEMAND FOR POETRY is admit-
could not properly be included in a list of English tedly small; hence the satisfaction we take in noting
authors, but would surely take a high place in a one poet — not a great poet, perhaps rather a mem-
catalogue of British poets and novelists. But what ber of the numerous company of minor poets
are we to do with Irish writers, with Charles Lever whose works have been in such demand as to neces-
and Thomas Moore and Clarence Mangan? The sitate their reprinting nearly every year since their
people of the Emerald Isle would surely never con-
collective issue eleven years ago. The following
sent to be called British, and still less would they letter from Mr. Alfred Nutt to the London “Press”
care to have all authors of the United Kingdom is worth reprinting for the encouragement it affords
grouped together under the designation Irish. There to those that have the cause of poetry at heart.
is Mr. Hall Caine, too, a Manxman, not to mention “Will you allow Henley's publisher," writes Mr.
the Welsh writers; what are we to do with them? | Nutt, “ to state his opinion that public appreciation
The Manchester “Guardian” humorously suggests of his work is far more widespread and deep-seated


112
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
than the writer of the admirable leader in your the Midi, recollected that it had the remains of a
issue of the 11th inst. is disposed to admit. For a Roman amphitheatre, built in the days when Gaul
certain kind of popularity Henley would have had was in that tripartite condition of which
every
nothing but loathing, equal loathing for the tricks schoolboy has learned with tears and groans. With
and artifices by which certain popular writers allow the aid of M. Mounet-Sully and support from the
themselves to be boomed into public favor. Even Théâtre Français, Sophocles's “Edipns the King”
if such artifices were not equally repugnant to was impressively rendered, in free translation.
myself, I should have felt precluded from using Other towns with ruins of Roman theatres, and even
them on Henley's behalf. It is therefore significant towns without them, took the hint, and out-of-door
that the sale of his best work maintains itself at a performances of Greek tragedy attained a certain
high level, it having been found necessary to reprint vogue ; eminent composers furnished the necessary
the ‘Poems' almost every year since the collected choral music, and the best orchestras of France
edition of 1896; that there is a steadily increasing contributed of their skill as executants. The new
demand from compilers of anthologies for permission fashion spread northward from rural southern
to include specimens of his work; and that com France until the very suburbs of Paris caught the
posers also show an increasing appreciation of the fever, and now it is reported that in the heart of
essential singing qualities of his lyrics which kins the city itself, on the stages of the Comédie Française
him closer to Heine than any other English poet of and the Théâtre Français, Æschylus, Sophocles, and
the nineteenth century. The public is really not so Euripides are played to appreciative audiences. In
fickle or so unintelligent as is sometimes feared. the spring and summer of this year “ Electra” has
Good work finds its level, and the lovers of the had thirty performances - not a bad run for a
best literature are not so few as is imagined.” This Sophoclean play in the twentieth century. Note-
letter is a credit to the publisher who writes it, as worthy, too, is the popular refusal to be satisfied
well as to the poet whose name it exalts.
with any modern imitations of Greek tragedy: the
real thing is demanded, and that with an urgency
THE PREVALENCE OF TRANSMITTED STUPIDITY that makes it pay to give it.
It looks as if it were
is more noticeable than that of inherited genius. turning out, after all, to be impossible to fool all the
Great men's sons are conceded to bear little resem-
people all the time with inferior drama.
blance to their fathers, as a rule. It takes several
generations for nature to recover from the exhaus-
THE DECLINE OF THE POETIC DRAMA IN EN-
tion consequent on the endowment of a genius. GLAND receives a new explanation, and to our mind
Alexander, Cæsar, and Napoleon, Shakespeare, not a very convincing one, from Mr. Walter Raleigh,
Scott, and Dickens, left no sons that could wield their who in his recent life of Shakespeare cuts off the
sceptres. And yet Dickens did have one son, his heads of a good many flourishing weeds of criticism,
youngest, the late Edward Bulwer Lytton Dickens, while planting not a few new ones himself. “With
who could on occasion show a spark of his illustrious the disappearance of the boy-players,” says Mr.
father's wit. Emigrating (not under compulsion) Raleigh, “the poetic drama died in England ; and
to Australia, he represented for six years a con-
it has had no second life.” Mr. Raleigh's “ most
stituency in the parliament of New South Wales - exquisite reason " for this amazing theory is that
although his legislative experience appears to have
“Poetry, like religion, is outraged when it is made
been unhappy, since he was heard to say, after being
a platform for the exhibition of their own talent or
defeated by a labor candidate, that he was “out of passion by those who are its ministers.” In other
health, out of temper, and out of pocket,” because words, the better a piece of literature is interpreted
of having accepted an election to parliament. Once the worse it is, and the nearer to its death. We do
- and this was when he displayed a gleam of his
not believe that the advent of women players had
father's brightness — he was addressing the House, anything to do with the fall of the poetic drama.
when an opposing member, Willis by name, annoyed
The elaboration of scenery may be partly to blame.
him repeatedly with snappish interruptions. Finally
But the simplest explanations are the lack of poetic
endurance could no further go, and Mr. Dickens genius in the dramatists, and a gradual coarsening
turned to the chair and said: “Mr. Speaker, my
of taste in the public. Even yet, audiences are re-
father coined a famous phrase — “Barkis is willing sponsive to what they think is poetry or fine writing.
Under present circumstances I am strongly tempted
Claude Melnotte's picture of his imaginary palace can
to reverse it and say, "Willis is barking."" Laughter always be relied upon for a round of applause. And
from the House and quiet from Willis then ensued. as a rule, Shakespeare's set speeches are listened to
with pleased attention. If actresses killed the poetic
A REVIVAL OF GREEK TRAGEDY IN FRANCE is drama in England, why did they not prevent its rise
reported, and it appears to enjoy a popular success in France and Germany? One does not place the
that is both astonishing and gratifying. Houses are drama of Corneille and Racine, or that of Hugo and
filled, and the people give unmistakable evidence of Musset, or that of Goethe and Schiller, on an equality
a capacity to appreciate something higher than with the Elizabethan theatre, but they are each and
continuous vaudeville. The movement began about all of them great enough, and poetic enough, to make
twelve years ago, when the little city of Orange, in Mr. Raleigh's theory untenable.


1907.]
113
THE DIAL
AN OCTOGENARIAN PHILANTHROPIST AND EDITOR Pilgrims? The founders of Plymouth had naught
whom thousands delighted to honor, in remembrance of the Puritan's religious bigotry and fanaticism,
at least, on the recent occasion of his eighty-fifth and Mayflower descendants are quick to resent any
birthday, is the venerable and still energetic George such imputation. The compact drawn up in Pro-
T. Angell, animal-lover and founder of the society vincetown harbor, in the cabin of the little vessel
with the long name," prime mover in countless other that had survived the buffetings of the stormy
good works, and editor of the ever anecdotic and Atlantic, was conceived in no spirit of Puritanical
entertaining as well as beneficent “Our Dumb Ani strictness; it has been commended for its liberalism.
mals.” Mr. Angell says he wants half a million It is significant that the speakers who followed the
dollars yearly to carry on his work, which demands chief orator were scrupulously correct in avoiding
fifty thousand dollars a year for printing alone. the word Puritan and in paying due tribute to the
He is a wonderfully successful money-raiser, having virtues of the Pilgrim fathers and mothers, many
raised all the funds for the conduct of his vast oper of whose descendants were in the audience. Senator
ations as head of his Society; and it is to be hoped, Lodge, as if to rectify the error of the leading
with considerable confidence, that he will in some orator (who had gone so far as to call his hearers
way and without overtaxing his strength secure the 'you, sons of the Puritans,” and to style the town
half-million he needs. It is pleasant to note, in this that was extending to him its hospitality, “this
age of monopolistic greed, that Mr. Angell actually shrine of Puritanism ”), took pains to say that “the
takes delight in seeing four other cruelty-preventing beginnings of the great Puritan colony were at
societies flourishing side by side with his own -all
Cape Ann and Salem and Boston.” The “scholar
in the interests of dumb animals. By the way, our in politics” undeniably has his uses, and one of
designation of this veteran benefactor as a philan- | these was well and gracefully served by the senior
thropist was not the aptest possible ; rather is he, senator from Massachusetts in his scholarly address
first and foremost, a philozoist, if we may coin the at Provincetown.
word. Or has some one been before us in its use?
A THEODORE PARKER CENTENARY is already
three
BIBLIOKLEPTS AND BOOK-MARKERS are a public assuming shape in the city of his renown -
nuisance; at least, the public-library patron must so years ahead of time. It is little more than half a
regard them. Word comes from the Somerville century since an exchange with Parker meant pub-
Public Library, admirally and liberally conducted lic censure, if not dismissal from his pulpit, to the
by Mr. Sam Walter Foss, of recent serious losses
daring exchanger. James Freeman Clarke was the
through abuse of open-shelf privileges. A citizen
only one who could (potuit quia posse visus est)
has been arrested, tried, and imprisoned, for syste-
thus indulge in an interchange of professional
matic biblioklepsis; but still the pilfering continues. courtesies with impunity. But, as the trite saying
And not only lighter literature but serious works puts it, the radicalism of yesterday becomes the
also are thus misappropriated. Even theological
conservatism of to-morrow; and although a cente-
treatises are walked off with under clerical vest nary
edition of Parker's voluminous writings is
ments, we may surmise. By none is the irritating
offered as something of an attraction to Boston
practice of marking, underscoring, commenting, and
book-buyers — the first three volumes to be ready
interlining more persistently and outrageously in-
the middle of this month their tone will have
dulged in than by the readers of theological and long since ceased to startle even the sedatest of
philosophical works. We chanced some time ago
readers. Yet it will be a convenience to have a
to borrow from a public library Martineau's “Study
complete and uniform edition of the encyclopædic
of Religion,” and found that some heavy fist, armed Parker's wide-ranging works. The edition (who
with a very black lead pencil, had been through the
would dare predict how many volumes it will grow
two volumes, from beginning to end, putting almost
to?) is to be completed in 1909, a year before the
every page into deep mourning. The wonder is bells are set ringing to usher in the hundredth
that the miscreant had not been caught, black- anniversary of the author's birth.
handed, when he returned the book. In every
library there should be stationed one or more lynx-
A GERMAN LECTURER ON ART, Dr. Paul Clemen,
eyed agents of the (desiderated) Society for the professor at the University of Bonn, and also
Prevention of Cruelty to Books.
Conservator of Art for the Rhine Provinces, has
been appointed by the ministry of instruction to
A GRATUITOUS BLUNDER IN HISTORY was that lecture in this country from September, 1907, to
committed by the orator of the day at the laying of February, 1908, under the system of international
the corner-stone of the Provincetown monument to exchange of German and American professors.
the Pilgrim Fathers. Surely President Roosevelt Although Professor Clemen's specialty is Mero-
is aware of the distinction, long insisted upon by vingian and Carlovingian art, it is to be hoped that
historians of New England, between Pilgrims and he will have a word to say on the art of modern
Puritans. Why, then, did he make the historical Germany, about which we are none too well informed
part of his speech fairly bristle with the words -- as we are reminded by another distinguished
Puritan and Puritanism, and never once name the Teuton, Professor Francke.


114
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
;
The New Books.
guages. To make light of Mr. Wright's “deadly
parallels,” whereby the later translator's ap-
propriations from his predecessor's version are
BURTON THE UNAPPRECIATED.* made glaringly apparent, is no satisfactory
The “real” Washington or Cromwell or
explanation of these curious instances of verbal
Franklin which it has become the literary identity -- an identity that must be regarded
fashion to offer with so solemn an air of at last as something more than “a necessary resem-
serving up the genuine man as he walked and blance in Englishing the text.” Phrases and
talked, and as his contemporaries saw him, is
sentences alike in both versions occur too often
of course nothing but the writer's conception or
to be ascribed to chance ; and identical
passages
ideal of the character he has chosen to paint, of considerable length are not wanting, one of
labelling his picture “The Real Agamemnon,
them reaching to the length of forty-four words.
much as the schoolboy writes under the rude
The assertion, too, that Burton's translation has
drawing on his slate, 6. This is a horse.' Mr. replaced all other versions of the · Nights”” is
Walter Phelps Dodge's - Real Sir Richard a bold one to make so soon after the publication
Burton” is actually a panegyric rather than a
of a new edition of Lane's still popular selection.
biography, and appears to owe its origin to
Again, concerning Burton's long poem, “The
the writer's dissatisfaction with Mr. Thomas
Kasîdah,” Mr. Dodge says: “ It seems to have
Wright's much more detailed and more “ real” enraged the latest of Burton's biographers,
presentation of the same interesting man. But Wright, who devotes more than a couple of pages
the later and smaller work will serve its uses as
in his second volume (pp. 20–22) to abusing it.'
a handy epitome of the chief events in Burton's To an unprejudiced reader there is neither rage
life, and as a glowing tribute will help to keep
nor abuse apparent in the pages referred to ; and
fresh the laurels on the dead hero's brow. To
near the close, after citing two couplets that
original research or critical acumen it can make
“ flash with auroral splendour,” Mr. Wright so
little claim, nor does the author
far subdues his alleged wrath as to remark that
to have
appear
had any personal acquaintance with the subject neglecting the four really brilliant lines, the
of his sketch.
principal attraction of The Kasidah is its redo-
As Mr. Dodge chooses to dwell so insistently lence of the saffron, immeasurable desert. We
on the injuries his hero has received from the snuff at every turn its invigorating air ; and
world in general and from Mr. Wright in par-
the tinkle of the camel's bell is its sole and per-
ticular, it may be worth while to examine a few petual music.”
of these charges of crying injustice. He says
That Burton's contemporaries often failed to
of the offending biography that it is more of a recognize his genius, and that his country
Criticism than a Biography, and is a note book, refused him the honors and the offices that were
practically devoted to a discursive and abortive heaped upon lesser men, is not to be disputed.
effort to prove that Burton did not rank as a
An excess of the fortiter in re and too little of
translator with John Payne. Wright also ab the suaviter in modo, in Burton's character and
surdly states that Burton borrowed much of the bearing, are accountable for this injustice. It
material in his · Arabian Nights ’ from Payne." is now so freely admitted that he was a bigger
And further : “ The charge made by Wright
man than the jealously cautious Foreign Office
in his so-called Life of Burton, that the Haji
was willing to allow, that there is no occasion
plagiarised from Payne ... is ridiculous." to make extravagant claims in his behalf. To
Why all this heat? The glory of the home declare him “ the pioneer of African explora-
keeping, dictionary-thumbing translator is one,
tion,” for example, does violence to history.
and the glory of the restlessly wandering student Livingstone (to name no others) had already
of men and manners, and the marvellously discovered Lake Ngami and crossed South
versatile speaker of many tongues, is another.
Africa from Zambesi to Loando some years
Not even Mr. Dodge would like to think of the
before Burton started to explore the Dark Con-
Chevalier Burton as biting his nails to the quick tinent in quest of the sources of the Nile.
in a futile endeavor to hit on the exact English Coming to the question of his hero's purity of
equivalent of an Arabic term, nor should he morals, the eulogist gravely declares that
begrudge the scholarly Payne his well-earned “ Burton throughout his life was a moral man.
distinction as a skilful interpreter of alien lan-
Whether his morality was mental or tempera-
mental matters little. The fact remains."
The REAL SIR RICHARD BURTON. By Walter Phelps Dodge.
With frontispiece. New York: A. Wessels Co.
Without puzzling over the exact distinction


1907.)
115
THE DIAL
ancient among
66
of a
between mental and temperamental morality, it
detail. Burton -- who thought Imperially – would
is pleasant to believe that the author of The have brushed them aside with a reference to the gossip
Scented Garden” was chaste in thought and
of the servants' hall. It takes a great man to write the
life of a great man, and there are few such · Lives?!
word and deed ; and perhaps we are as free to In spite of the differing accounts of his career, now
hold this belief as to maintain with Mr. Wright over-flattering, now venomously, friendly, he will be
that in his early East Indian days, “ like the judged fairly by posterity — this most fascinating
rest Burton had his Bubu.” But what grounds
the moderns."
for confidence in so private a matter does either
Like his hero, Mr. Dodge indulges in occa-
writer possess ?
sional odd or archaic terms, as for instance,
Enough about the book; now let us have a coolth, travestation, knowledged, and mote (past
taste of its style as illustrated by a few typical tense of might). He also sanctions by his use
passages. Of Burton at Damascus we read : the time-honored misquotation, “ fresh fields
No British Consul in a great Oriental town ever had
and pastures new," and he or his printer gives
half the power or influence wielded by Richard Burton, us the strange word “encyclopaëdic.” The
and had the Foreign Office appreciated the benefit to only portrait offered of the “real”. Sir Richard
British prestige gained by his exertions the whole his-
tory of British policy in the near East could have been
is a curious and not easily recognizable cartoon
it
different; England might have had an ambassador at from “ Vanity Fair.” However,
may repre-
Constantinople who would have had the ear not only of sent the genuine Burton whom we have never
the Commander of the Faithful, but that of the Shaykh- | before encountered. PERCY F. BICKNELL.
ul-Islam as well. With one class in Damascus Burton
was at once on bad terms. He would have nothing to
do with the Jewish money-lenders who flourished there
under British protection, and declined to allow his
Consulate to be used as a debt-collecting agency. The
THE TRAGEDY OF THE PURITAN REVOLU-
Hebrew usurers resented this, as they had found earlier
TION IN DIALOGUE.*
consuls more pliable, and at once began to plot for his The volume entitled “ From King to King,”
recall. Indeed, this was the foundation of that unholy by Mr. G. Lowes Dickinson, is made
alliance between the Shylocks of Damascus and the
up
pitiful British missionary cabal at Beyrout, the alliance
series of dialogues assigned to various significant
that ultimately resulted in the recall of the most bril moments from 1632 to 1662, from the impris-
liant and successful consul Great Britian had ever had onment of “lion ” Eliot to the execution of Sir
in the Orient."
Henry Vane. On the
purpose
in our author's
Soon after this came the appointment to the mind, the preface throws this light:
consulship at Trieste, in succession to Charles
“ The pages that follow contain an attempt to state,
Lever, who had just died at his post, as did in a concrete form, certain universal aspects of a par-
Burton eighteen years later.
ticular period of history. The tragedy lies in the
“ To offer a man with the fame of Burton a small
conflict of reforming energy with actual men and insti-
dull Consulate like Trieste after his great services was
tutions; and it has been the object of the author to
no less than an insult; but Burton showed his pluck by
delineate vividly the characters of leading actors in the
accepting it without complaint, hoping that it might struggle, their ideals, and the distortion of these as
reflected in the current of events. ... The dramatic
prove a stepping-stone to the Eastern Embassy he
longed for but never obtained. Had Burton been an
form was deliberately chosen because that of an essay
American he would have had the English mission, or
appeared insufficient.
later would have been Governor-General of the Philip In other words, the dramatic dialogue was to be
pines. Being an Englishman, he took what he could tried as a form of essay; and we need hardly
get and was as thankful as his sardonic humour would
allow. The greatest Orientalist of his age became
say that such an experiment in the hands of
Consul at Trieste, where Lingua Franca and bastard
Mr. Dickinson could not fail to be worth a
German were the tongues understanded of the people!” fairly careful examination.
At least one thing, then, this undervalued Perhaps, then, one's first clear conclusion is
genius had reason to be thankful for — only he
– only he that our author has chosen a most suitable his-
didn't know it. Not being an American, and torical epoch for his purpose. The future of
not living into the present century, he was
responsible government and of the individual
spared the dreary task of trying to impose an
conscience was upon the razo
zor-edge of Fate;
Anglo-Saxon government upon a Polynesian complicated and important issues were met by
people.
divergent and interesting personalities; and
The unconscious humor of Mr. Dodge's clos- within such a period it is not hard to select
ing page tempts to further and final) quotation. dramatic moments or impressive characters. If
“No one who reads all the so-called Lives' [of we turn to the second dialogue, we find Laud
Burton] can help a feeling of distressed wonder at
* FROM KING TO KING. By G. Lowes Dickinson. New York:
these squabbles in print over unimportant points of McClure, Phillips & Co.


116
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
ful way.
and Chillingworth as the principal interlocutors, perverted,” who knew that the tumultuous tide
and the date as June 30, 1637. First we have of Fate may drive the little bark of man over
an attendant's vivid account of the moving strange seas to strange shores or may whelm
scenes at the pillorying of Bastwick, Burton, it in the deep. It is with all conscientiousness
and Prynne; and we recall that Mr. Trevelyan, that “the impeacher of Finch, the shaker of
in his readable presentation of “ England under Strafford, the putter to shame of bishops " be-
the Stuarts," is inclined to take this ill-timed comes the faithful minister of a faithless king.
punishment as the beginning of the revolution. And it is thus we leave him at the end of the
Then follows an interchange of thoughts between sixth dialogue. Then in the above mentioned
Laud, the thoroughgoing formalist and prelate, section we have the following:
and Chillingworth, the academic moderate, who “First Officer. — I know him; he was a wise man.'
looks upon the world from a student's window. « Second Officer. «On the wrong side.'
« First Officer. — If so, he had at least the grace to
In five pages both men are put before us in
be unhappy there. They tell me that as the war pro-
their essential features ; but naturally Laud is
ceeded he lost his wonted cheerfulness, neglected his
the more prominent. Here is a type — the man dress, grew careless of food or drink, spoke not at all,
who believed with all his vital powers that the or only with a sharp intemperance; and, starting at
life of religion depended upon its forms, and saw
whiles from melancholy reverie, would frequently in-
in the church, as Professor Gardiner suggests,
geminate the burden “ Peace! Peace!” In battle, as he
was careless of danger, so he cared not to kill, but
not a temple of the spirit but the palace of a king. rather to succor the wounded, till at last, as one who
“Men are governed by custom rather than convic was weary of life, he deliberately laid it aside in the
tion. .. He who is accustomed to bow his knees will thickest of the fire at Newbury.”
the sooner learn to humble his heart. ... As there is
one truth, so should there be one observance.
With the help of this passage we see clearly
Maintaining the authority of the church, we maintain the man whom even Clarendon had the
grace
to
the bond of all society. . . . If we fail (which God for- love; and it is perhaps no accident that our
bid!) the state fails with us. The Monarchy stands or author borrows a line from that flagrant par-
falls with the Church, England with the Monarchy.” tisan's remarkable history.
And so, with Strafford, he drove along the fate Thus far our quotations have happened only
upon prose; but in nine of the thirteen dialogues
A review of the remaining dialogues would blank verse is freely employed, in most cases
show no less felicity of choice. For instance, with success. Mr. Dickinson must have studied
the captions of the ninth and tenth chapters this phase of seventeenth-century literature very
“ The King and his Groom of the Cham- profitably; for he has succeeded in putting ap-
ber, Thomas Herbert, at Newport,” and “John propriate verse on the lips of his different char-
Lilburne before the Council." The tenth, acters. Indeed, there is as much difference in
“ Strafford and his former tutor, Greenwood, the metrical speeches assigned to Milton and
in the Tower,” recalls Browning's drama, Cromwell as in their prose utterances. To
perhaps more happy in subject than successful show how happily our author has caught the
in execution. But Mr. Dickinson has been too Miltonic breath, we may be allowed to make a
wise to limit himself to major personages ; and brief quotation.
in “ The Camp of the Parliamentary Troops at “To such [the heavenly choir] attune, though weak, my
Naseby” he has given us some suggestive minor mortal voice
characters. Here, along with other types, we
That, while this island nation, born anew,
have the formal Presbyterian minister quoting
A golden eagle, beats her dauntless wings,
Undazzled, full against the blaze of noon,
Scripture interminably for a purpose, in sharp
I, with not too presumptuous aim, may sing
contrast with the sturdy soldier who has fought Her praises right, nor, honoring her, forget
and felt too much to speak by the book. “We To celebrate, as due, Thee, sole Supreme,
will set up our congregation in the fields, and Thee first, Thee last, and Thee eternally.”
our liturgy shall be the promptings of the An examination of the whole passage would show
heart” has the ring of such hearts as we like to more instances of the hypermetric syllable than
think of in the “ New Model ” army.
we should find in a similar number of Milton's
In the second part of the same dialogue we lines; but the imitation is still a rather remark-
have an opportunity to observe how our author able performance. Space forbids, or we could
can weave description into his general plan. In adduce not a few other passages of real merit
many ways, Falkland is the most interesting and attractiveness. We knew that Mr. Dickin-
character in the whole period,
whose son was a master of prose; apparently he might
purpose by two much thought was vexed but not have written admirable verse.
are :
one


1907.)
117
THE DIAL
However, all criticism of the work must re first edition appeared in 1891, and one imme-
turn to the question of the success of the dra- diately concludes that Mr. Dickinson's subse-
matic dialogue as an essay form. Some kindly quent success was not at all strange, if he could
critics have already spoken of the production as write so well sixteen years ago. However, a
“closet drama”; but surely this loses the point personal note from the publishers states that
of view. Mr. Diekinson is primarily an essayist; the dialogues have been a largely edited and in
and the present volume is simply a variant in some places re-written.” In any event, it is
form. On the whole, one finds himself inclined safe to say that to most American readers, as
to decide that the experiment is successful; for to the present writer, “ From King to King
the dialogue has enabled our author to realize is entirely new; and that in this country it will
his hope of effectively setting forth the clash of be thought of as belonging to the author's later
the individual with a movement. At times we works. The volume will be a source of genuine
wonder whether Mr. Dickinson has secured the pleasure to Mr. Dickinson's old admirers, as
unity which he aimed at; but he himself saw that well as to a few new readers who are interested
he was writing for readers having a general ac- in the Puritan revolution ; it will not materially
quaintance with the period, and for such readers widen his circle, nor does it represent his highest
there would be no urgent need of the intimate possibilities as a factor in the molding of con-
bond of plot demanded by the drama. That temporary thought. F. B. R. HELLEMS.
he could not have accomplished so much by
the same number of
pages
in
any
other
essay
form, we are inclined to believe; so that from
the critic's point of view the dramatic dialogue
ENGLAND'S COLONIAL CAMPAIGNS
is justified.
IN AMERICA,*
And yet there is a little reserve about one's William Pitt, the elder, was Secretary of
commendation of the book as a whole. In the
State in England from 1757 to 1761 — four
first place, it can appeal only to a much nar-
years memorable in the history of the English
rower circle than most of Mr. Dickinson's other people. They laid the foundations for the Brit-
productions, and he is too able a writer to be
ish empire in India, decided the long contest
excused for addressing himself to an audience
for supremacy
between the British and French
in any way circumscribed. In the second place, nations in America, and drove the French
there are occasional suggestions of the cold lit-
from the Mississippi Valley. They embrace
erary exercise. “We talk like rhetoricians,
the victories of Louisburg, Ft. Duquesne, and
cries Cromwell, in bitterness, to Vane; and there Quebec. The participation of the American
is a dangerous tang of truth in his words.
colonial militia in these campaigns taught them
Perhaps it is the influence of Mr. Dickinson's
foreseen audience, perhaps it is an academic confidence that enabled them, nearly a score of
the higher arts of war and inspired in them the
preoccupation with his art; but occasionally years later, to face the British regulars on the
his production borders on the faultily faultless.
slope of Breed's Hill. The large drafts for men
Let us glance at one excerpt:
and supplies during these wars persuaded the
“ Milton. — sir, the title were an honor indeed.
colonies that they had contributed more than
The poet is he who understands the world in its essencc
and origin, Love. The beauty he perceives and cele-
their just share for the defense of the realm,
brates is the final expression of truth; and that which and this feeling was largely responsible for the
action and philosophy forever seek, he in a momerit resistance to the stamp-tax at a later time.
arrests and fixes in enduring lineaments. His life In the conduct of the American campaigns,
passes out of himself into the larger life of the whole,
whereby he is turned insensibly to virtue, following the colonial and military governors acted as
from the necessity of his nature the maxims the mor representatives of the crown, and were in con-
alist enjoins. His aim and achievement is immortality, stant correspondence with Pitt as Secretary of
so that even while yet in the bonds of the flesh, he is State. The letters comprising their correspon-
rapt at whiles into the heaven of heavens, catching dence bear on many parts of American history;
sound of those eternal harmonies, whose echoes alone
inform his vital and inevitable numbers.'”
and for this reason the National Society of
Colonial Dames of America has rendered a use-
It is absolutely flawless; but it is not in the
personal and living style of " A Modern Sym- of copies of the letters, edited by Miss Gertrude
ful service in making possible the publication
posium” or the “ Letters from a Chinese
Official.”
The preface of this work tells us that the
• CORRESPONDENCE OF WILLIAM PITT WITH THE COLONIAL
GOVERNORS IN AMERICA. Edited by Gertrude Selwyn Kimball.
In two volumes. New York: The Macmillan Co.


118
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
-
Selwyn Kimball, already favorably known as settlers from advancing beyond the safety-line
editor of the correspondence of the Colonial on the frontiers ; and there are interesting
Governors of Rhode Island. The originals of glimpses of the Acadians, and of their dispersal.
the letters written to Pitt are preserved in Franklin's name appears as a prominent citizen
the Public Record Office in London, and those of Philadelphia, and General Israel Putnam
written by him are preserved in a clerk's hand, plays an important part; but one looks in vain
in a duplicate dispatch book. Of the 507 let-
Of the 507 let for the name of Washington, although he was
ters covering the period, 114 were rejected by actively connected with the taking of Fort
the editor as unimportant, leaving 493 printed DuQuesne.
in the present volume. Of this large number Teachers and students of early American
of letters, only 68 have heretofore appeared in history owe to the patriotic society of women,
print, a statement which at once shows the and to Miss Kimball, their thanks for making
value of these volumes to the student. Pitt wrote available these interesting records, and for
170 of the letters, and the remaining ones were pointing a way which other patriotic organiza-
written to him. The letters are preceded by tions may profitably follow.
an excellent historical sketch by the editor,
EDWIN ERLE SPARKS.
touching on the chief events with which the cor-
respondence is concerned. In copying the letters
the spelling and punctuation have been followed,
giving them an added air of authenticity.
CHOICE FACTS CHOICELY EMBELLISHED.
Upon nearly every page of these volumes the
reader gets a glimpse of the difficulties of con It seems little short of rudeness, in the face
ducting military campaigns in the New World of such sumptuous volumes as these on Canada,
The constant bickering between the Governor Cambridge, the Thames, and Paris, to recall the
and the Assemblies in the several colonies over old lady who entitled her commonplace book
the voting of supplies to the home government, “ Choice Facts.” But after reading the texts
the reluctance of the Quakers to assist in the one cannot help recognizing the appropriateness
war, and similar sources of friction, are every of her title as a criticism. Why cannot people
where revealed. The Governors complain of who write about places remember that in them-
the "refractoriness" of the Assemblies, and of selves places are not very interesting to read
the Friends who write to the Indians begging about, and that art must supply what the in-
them to remain neutral, while the British wish trinsic nature of the subject lacks ? A place
to use them against the French. Wealthy used as a background has the perspective of
colonists who enlisted their indented servants human interests, but a place brought into its
were keen in demands for their bounty and pay. own foreground and made the whole subject of
Military expeditions were obliged to establish the picture has the flat appearance of a child's
depots of supplies forty miles apart along their drawing, with one feature following another in
line of march, because the country was unin- purely surface succession unless through some
habited. The Indians were “like sheep, - principle of relation the artist focuses and
where one leaps all the rest follow.” Governor embosses. It is the lack of such a principle that
Dinwiddie of Virginia apologizes for sending leaves these four handsome books mere colloca-
Indians on a scalping foray against the French, tions of facts, more or less “ choice” according
declaring it “a barbarous method of conducting to the selective power of the writers. One feels
war, introduced by the French, which we are the absence of artistic unity in the text all the
obliged to follow in our own defense.”
more because of the beauty of the book-making.
Evidence of the discrimination constantly Paper, print, binding, and illustrations are as
practised between the British regulars and the perfect as may be. Indeed the pictures, which
colonial militia are not difficult to find. A are colored reproductions of paintings, are
commandant advises that Fort Cumberland, on numerous and beautiful that to certain minds
the Potomac, be garrisoned by militia rather they will constitute the chief merit of the books,
than by regulars, because the fort could not
* CANADA. Painted by T. Mower Martin. Described by
withstand an attack, and its capture when Wilfred Campbell. New York: The Macmillan Co.
THE HISTORIC THAMES. By Hilaire Belloc. With illustra-
guarded by provincials would be “ less an affair
tions in color by A. R. Quinton. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co.
of Eclat" than if garrisoned by the King's CAMBRIDGE. By M. A. R. Tuker. Illustrated in color by
troops. Instances are found of the difficulty
W. Matthison. New York: The Macmillan Co.
PARIS. Painted by Mortimer Menpes. Text by Dorothy
the Governors experienced in trying to deter
Menpes. New edition. New York: The Macmillan Co.


1907.]
119
THE DIAL
and cause the text to be looked upon as mere the movements of armies, then to give an account
padding:
of a few important places - Oxford, Windsor,
In compiling his work on Canada Mr. Wilfred London Bridge, and the Tower, and then
Campbell must have had occasion to echo Mr. to trace the economic development of the valley
Crothers's complaint that “the trouble with which was brought about by the founding of
facts is there are so many of them.” He the great monasteries.
He has interesting
deserves especial praise for selecting well from things to say on these subjects, but in spite of
such a mass of material. The value of his book evident efforts to the contrary he becomes in-
to the ordinary reader is that it brings together volved in the tangle of the Thames's history
various kinds of information which without it with that of England, and ends in a tedious
would have to be gathered from many sources.
recital of the destruction of the monasteries,
There is a little history, a little biography, a which has little to do with his subject. As a
few statements of political and economic prob- result his writing is likely to be looked upon
lems, woven together with considerable descrip-only as a pretext for the pictures. These in
tion and numerous quotations of poetry. Mr. themselves are an entertainment, though one
Campbell's original work is mostly in the tires somewhat of the over-refined and some-
descriptions, many of which are very good. It times affected coloring.
is scarcely fair to quote detached sentences, but Mr. Tuker's book on Cambridge is by far the
the spirit of the descriptive passages is well most seriously important of the group, and will
illustrated by these extracts from some pages at once be recognized by students as a valuable
on the forests :
work. But from the standpoint of the reader who
“The beech-wood is purely Greek in all of its spirit likes to exercise his 6 pleased attention” it is a
and characteristics. There is something about the disappointment, because the title rouses anticipa-
beech-tree itself, in all its form and character, which
suggests statuary – the pure smoothness and perfection
tions of enjoyment which are not fulfilled. Is
of trunk and limb; the firmness of the leaf, with its it only the summer mania for being entertained
copper-brown in autumn, which suggests beauty in that makes one long to see the genius loci of so
form, and delicacy of color and finish in outline. It unique and significant a place evoked as a real
suggests culture, outward beauty,simplicity, and finality. presence? It would take a wizard touch, cer-
How different it is from the beech-wood in the
shade of the mighty elm, the maple and the bass-wood !
tainly, to bring forth so complex a spirit, but
Here the sense felt is purely Gothic. The sense of the truly trusting mind thinks that the thing
beauty, form, and finality is lost in reverence, sublimity, might have been done. Instead, we have two
vastness, and infinity. Far different from the
more than half the book
others is the identity of the pine-forest. As the beech-
of facts, facts, facts, about the founding of
wood is Greek in its suggestion, and the maple and elm-
wood Gothic, so the pine wood is in its whole character colleges and the conferring of degrees, with only
distinctly Celtic. Everything here suggests withdrawal a breath of suspicion now and then that a genius
and seclusion, that almost childish pride in self which of any sort lurks behind them. Yet that Mr.
is so true of the Celt. There is that shadowed gloom Tuker feels the
Tuker feels the presence of a “spirit of the
which seems to hold an imagination peculiarly its own.
And the sunlight which reaches these deeps seems to
institution ” is occasionally made evident by
stab with a passion that only the true Celt can feel.” such a paragraph as this :
There is some clear exposition of government •Cambridge has always suggested a certain detach-
problems — that of amalgamating the French ment; neither zeal perfervidor
Canadian, “whose ideals, race-traditions, and
pressure of tradition upon living thought has had its
proper home there. It has not represented monastic
loyalty to all that is French must be left alone,” seclusion nor hieratic exclusion, and it did so at this
and that of importing cheap labor to British moment of its history (Chaucer's time) less than ever.
Columbia, where the United States labor boss The dawn of the coming renascence shone upon the
continues to step in. The tone of enthusiastic
walls at which we have been looking. The modern
world has been born of the birth-pangs which have
loyalty which pervades the book will commend
since convulsed Europe, and the walls which were then
it to more than a Canadian audience. But its big with the future are now big with the past. But it
first claim to popularity rests on Mr. Martin's is the greatness of Cambridge that amidst the multiple
beautiful pictures,” some eighty in all.
suggestiveness of its ancient halls of learning, tyranny
Mr. Belloc attempts a task almost equally
of the past has no place. About it the dawn of the
renascence still lingers; and the early morning light
difficult in the history of the Thames. His plan which presided at its birth still defies the shadows and
is to give a scientific account of the effect which seems to temper the noon-day heat, as light and shade
the conformation of the banks and the location
alternate in its history.”
of fords has had upon the growth of towns and What delightful reading would have resulted
hundred pages
sour
nor the


120
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
if Mr. Tuker had chosen to do for Cambridge which they begin the book, that “the picture
what Mr. Shaff has just done for the Spirit of has still to be painted, the poem has still to be
Old West Point! Still, one cannot quarrel written, that will present Paris, as a whole, in
with an author's purpose, and if Mr. Tuker her versatile attractiveness."
chose to write a reference book instead of evok-
MAY ESTELLE COOK.
ing a spirit, perhaps there is nothing to say
except that he has performed his task well.
Only, in giving up the contention, the critic
PROBLEMS OF AMERICAN DEMOCRACY.*
may perhaps ask why the chapters on the
"regular" colleges could not have been made In the view of Professor Reinsch, as set forth
as interesting as the closing chapter on Newn in his recent work on “ American Legislatures
ham and Girton, and why some of the men and Legislative Methods,” the present era bids
could not have been presented as clearly and fair to rival in historical importance even the
memorably as is Miss Clough.
years during which the Constitution was form-
The book on Paris by Mr. Menpes — or ulated and set in motion, as the relations now
perhaps we should say by Miss Menpes, since calling for adjustment are deeper of reach than
the father attributes the text to her is much the matters of institutional form settled by the
smaller and less elaborate than the others, but Fathers.
much nearer the ideal in interest. The pictures, “ For the present age deals with the coördination of
too, are even more successful than in the other our established political system, democratic in form,
books, because of greater depth of color and
with the powerful economic and social forces which the
originality of treatment. There is no attempt
recent past has brought forth and which are oligarchic
in their tendency. We are living in an age in which
at history, but only the purpose to present the new social categories are being established. It is no
city of to-day. The method is fragmentary, longer the form, but the substance, of political and
the style discursive. Chapters on the fas social life that is being affected, through the creation
cination of the city, the joy of life, children's
of new groupings of power, and through a new correla-
tion of influences acting directly upon social and
pleasures, art and artists, are interspersed with
economic life.”
descriptions of boulevards, cafés, and suburbs
Accordingly, Professor Reinsch goes more
with no attempt at correlation. Yet there is
the vividness of actual impression, the realiza- deeply into the actual workings of Congress
and the State Legislatures than is usual in
tion of activity, color, gaiety. One can see the
Rue St. Honoré on a summer morning, where
works on political science. An introductory
perfectly dressed women, followed by pet ter-
chapter by Professor Bernard C. Steiner deals
with the constitutional law affecting Congress ;
riers in “ costumes” of the same color as their
but in the remainder of the volume constitu-
mistresses', enter shops to inspect hats of a
“ daintiness, crispness, and innocent freshness
tional forms are referred to only as the basis
upon which rest the actual processes of legisla-
peculiar to the boulevards "; where the men
tion. Here a large collection of facts, gathered
walk in groups chatting and laughing, not
morose and intent as in other cities; where the
from a great variety of sources, are arranged and
horses of rich or titled ladies stand for hours interpreted with a philosophical breadth of view
that brings out their underlying significance.
waiting before a great dress-making house, and
only the actress' carriage is received and dis-
In discussing the influence of the President
missed promptly; where perhaps a procession upon legislation, Professor Reinsch passes over
of the blanchisenses goes by, “ each laundry
as a superficial half-truth the view that it
depends upon
the personal element, and says:
sending its chariot, with its queen and her
court”; or possibly “a little cortège, sad-colored
“ The history of institutions shows that there is a
deeper current than mere personal influence or legal
in the midst of so much gaiety, passes,” and
arrangement which determines the rise and fall of the
every hat is taken off, “ as if a magic impulse power of the various organs of government.
In
had passed over Paris, leaving every head bare.”
* AMERICAN LEGISLATURES AND LEGISLATIVE METHODS. By
The scene is infinitely varied, but always fas Paul S. Reinsch. (The American State Series). New York:
The Century Co.
cinating, and always full of beauty, for to the
THE CONFESSIONS OF A MONOPOLIST. By Frederic C. Howe,
Parisian “ beauty is not a luxury, but a neces Ph.D. Chicago: The Public Publishing Co.
THE TARIFF AND THE TRUSTS. By Franklin Pierce. New
sity.' It is a great accomplishment to have
York: The Macmillan Co.
caught as much of it all within the pages of one THE SPIRIT OF DEMOCRACY. By Charles Fletcher Dole. New
book as the Menpes have done. Yet there is York: Thomas Y. Crowell & Co.
AMERICAN PROBLEMS. Essays and Addresses. By James H.
no denying the truth of the statement with
Baker, LL.D. New York: Longmans, Green, & Co.


1907.]
THE DIAL
121
ests ;, but I the goes activity of special inter- | bar, presents a formidable
proportion as an institution or magistracy succeeds in obtained an exclusive privilege to sell papers
making itself the index and exponent of the most per in his town as a boy, through the period of
vading economic and social forces within the national
life, its influence rises or falls."
franchise-grabbing, to the exalted positions of
Of the Senate he says:
State Boss and United States Senator. It is
“ Any measure which in the remotest manner trenches
not pleasant reading - it is too true to life,
upon the interests of concentrated wealth, which in the though possibly somewhat exaggerated or un-
least impedes the activities of great corporations, has a naturally concentrated either for artistic effect
hard road to travel in the Senate. No matter how or for the sake of argument. One instinctively
insistent may be the popular demand, no matter what
wonders why Mr. Howe chose fiction as the
expert concensus may call for such legislation, it will
be ignored or endlessly delayed by the Senate, and if
vehicle for his message on the evils of special
allowed to pass, will ordinarily be equipped with a few privilege and monopoly. It is not because fic-
unobtrusive amendments, which, however, are often tion is his natural element, for he is much more
efficacious to defeat its main purpose. Should this ten-
a master of straightforward argument and of the
dency prevail, should the Senate allow itself to become
chiefly a vetoing agency, the result will be equal to a
simple statement of facts. Perhaps he sought
national calamity. It is a revolutionary act to oppose
the widest possible audience for this exposition
healthy growth, to shut off active currents of develop- of his convictions ; or can it be that he was not
ment; and the Senate, which by its high position is sure enough of his ground to state as a general
called upon to mediate between classes and between
condition what he has imagined as possibly an
interests, is in need of a broader philosophy, of more
liberal temper, than many of its recent actions indicate.
extreme case? At any rate, he is more at home
Through constantly favoring certain interests, it would in the final chapter, where he sets forth the
sharpen existing antagonisms, and might ultimately “ rules of the game,” than in the thick of the
threaten the bursting of constitutional restraints and the story. “ It's not thrift, prudence, or the saving
attempted creation of new and more popular authori-
ties. Moreover, the Senate ought, from its own point
of gas-bills, that makes the millionaire "; the
of view, to consider that no political body can retain
rules of the game are stated thus :
permanent influence and power through a purely nega “First, let Society work for you; and, second, make
tive policy."
a business of politics. Upon an understanding of these
Rather more than half the book is devoted rules the great fortunes of America have almost all
to the State Legislatures. There is a depressing been reared.”
chapter on • The Perversion of Legislative In a volume entitled “The Tariff and the
Action” which goes to the root of things in Trusts,” Mr. Franklin Pierce, of the New York
ests ; but the author's conclusions are, after all, quotations, and facts, to prove that the pro-
hopeful. “ A little more wakefulness, a little tective tariff is the mother of monopoly. The
more attention to the detailed workings of gov- argument is very one-sided, but is so well put
ernment, a more careful scrutinizing of the together that the stand-patters cannot well af-
personalities to be endowed with public power,” | ford to neglect it. There are chapters addressed
ne says,
“ may yield returns and restore to respectively to the manufacturers, laborers, and
usefulness and public confidence the institutions farmers, sketches of American tariff history and
now so generally decried.” Something has of the free-trade movement in England, a chap-
already been accomplished toward improving ter on the tariff in Germany, and one on “ pro-
the legislative product by the appointment of tective tariffs and public virtue” in which the
commissions on uniform statute laws, and in a author charges the tariff with corrupting Con-
few States of committees of revision, or, better, gressmen. The specific instances of corruption
of legislative counsel and draftsmen, or legisla- he cites are not exactly to the point; but what
tive reference librarians who are more than he says about Senators and Representatives
librarians.
voting on tariff bills in which they are person-
The intimate relations between party bosses ally interested may tend to make the reader
and those dependent upon them for favors is feel the hopelessness of a scientific tariff. One
even more vividly set forth by Mr. Frederic C. of the strongest chapters in the book is that on
Howe in “The Confessions of a Monopolist.' “ American and English Shipping,” in which
These are imaginary confessions, it is true, but the decadence of American shipping is attrib-
are penned so evidently with a purpose as to uted to the denial of American registry to ships
leave no doubt that the author intended them built abroad, and to the increased cost of ships
to picture typical conditions in the actual world and restriction of commerce due to the protective
of to-day. The narrative follows the fortunes tariff. The moral intended to be drawn from
of a successful business man, from the time he this chapter, of course, is that a subsidy is not


122
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
Perils and
problems of
our mixed
the
proper remedy for this state of affairs.
A for unity in theme or in treatment. Suffice it
convenient list of the more important “ trusts” to say that the author firmly believes that the
is given in Chapter II.
world is growing better on the whole, and sets
A lecture by Mr. Charles Fletcher Dole on forth his belief in an interesting if ņot strik,
“ The Spirit of Democracy,” delivered three | ingly original manner. This optimistic attitude
years ago before the Twentieth Century Club of President Baker, Professor Reinsch, and Mr.
of Boston, has grown in the meantime into Dole, notwithstanding the difficulties they fully
book of the same title, which has been pub- recognize, together with the problems of impe-
lished chapter by chapter in the “ Springfield rialism discussed by the latter, recalls Mr.
Republican.” Beginning with some well-written Dooley's hopeful dictum : “ They 's wan conso-
though well-worn platitudes about the teaching lation, an' that is, if th’ American people can
of history" and democratic ideals, the author govern thimsilves they can govern annything
sets forth his views of what democracy ought to that walks.”
Max WEST.
achieve, in a series of chapters on such miscel-
laneous practical problems as the suffrage, treat-
ment of crime, pauperism, democracy and the
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
executive, the party system, the rule of the cities,
war, imperialism, the Monroe doctrine, taxation,
Since Americans are about the most
immigration, labor unions, socialism, anarchy,
mixed people to be found on the
religion, education, and the family. Of course,
population, globe, it is fitting that we should
the treatment of so many subjects in one simall
know just who we are and where we came from,
volume must necessarily be superficial ana
who of us have the best opportunities, behave the
better, work harder, have the larger families, etc.
unsatisfactory. The author shows his open-
Neretofore, such information has been locked up
mindedness and independence by indorsing pop from the average person in large volumes of gov-
ular and unpopular reforms alike, and hence ernment puchlications. But now the most interesting
every type of reformer may find in this volume of the population statistics have been worked over
some crumbs of comfort. These, perhaps, are and interpreted by Professor John R. Commons in his
the readers to whom the book will chiefly make “ Races and Immigrants in America ” (Macmillan).
its appeal; no hard-headed conservative or skep- The work is scientific as to method and popular in
tic will be convinced by it, for it fails to answer
style, and forms a very useful lhandbook about the
their objections, and they may even be inclined
American population. Professor Cosmmons describes
to think the author something of a faddist. Yet
the colonial race elements, the nineteenth century
additions to the American population, the negroes
it will not satisfy reformers of the “ crank
and their problems, and questions of inace and
type, either; for it recognizes no panacea,
is
nationality as related to industry, occupations, labor
always optimistic in tone, stops short of extremes, unions, city life, crime, health, and politics. In the
and lays the emphasis after all on the spirit un opinion of the author, the inferior races are those
derlying outward forms. Mr. Dole would abolish of the tropics; these can be assimilated or Amer
political parties if he could, but he believes that icanized only with difficulty. The Jews are the
the thing most necessary to make democracy a
most healthy of the American people, and the
successful experiment is what he calls “ good negroes least so; the negroes are the most criminal,
will,” by which he seems to mean an enlightened
with foreign-born people coming next; up to this
time the Germans have come to this country in
altruism magical enough to overcome the sel-
fishness and social indifference of faulty human
greater numbers than any other nationality; the
Scotch-Irish have been, in proportion to numbers,
nature, and so make good citizens of the ruling the most influential elements in our population; the
majority.
Irish have proved to be the best fitted to unite
According to President Baker, of the Uni diverse nationalities under their political leadership.
versity of Colorado, the essential problems of These are some of the points discussed, with
America are not commercial, political, military, enlightening explanation by the author. It is his be-
or territorial, but are ethical, sociological, and lief that it is becoming more difficult to Americanize
educational. Consistently with this point of immigrants, because our population is nearing the
view, his book on 6 American Problems” is point of saturation; consequently more stringent
regulation of immigration is necessary. Race
divided into three parts, entitled “ Ideals,”
problems, we are told, are hostile to true democracy.
“ Sociological Problems," and “ Education";
According to the standards set up by Mr. Commons,
yet the ideals and problems discussed are in
we are far from being a true democracy, the greatest
part political. Since the volume is made up of obstacle being the presence of the negro race, which
addresses and essays,
the reader must not look
at present, it seems, will not be assimilated.


1907.]
123
THE · DIAL
The latest
in the gean.
66
Ethics in
business and
For some half-dozen years we have it was a kettle to be hung over the great open fire,
spade-work" been gropingly following the amazing not a pot for the oven, and the legs had a good right
excavations in Crete, now hoping that to be rudimentary, The steep and difficult approach
Egyptian Synchronism ” would lead us to the that he describes as leading to Monument Mountain
blessed sunlight, now fearing that the “Late Minoan in Stockbridge is happily a thing of the past; since
II.” was only luring us into deeper recesses of error, the public-spirited woman who owned the mountain
However, our experience in pursuing elusive mono gave it as a perpetual pleasure-ground to the public,
graphs or scattered articles in forty or more period a few years ago, a good path has been made to the
icals, “ each in an alien tongue,"must prepare us summit, with only a little steepness at the very end,
to sympathize with Mr. Evans and the other patient But the author frankly warns us at the outset that
delvers, or even with the old-time victims of the his sketches will occasionally be found untrue to
labyrinth. To our bewildered wandering, Professor present conditions, having been originally published
Ronald M. Burrows holds out, as a sort of Ariadne's in various periodicals between 1880 and 1890.
thread, “The Discoveries in Crete” (E. P. Dutton
& Co.). His offering guides us clearly to the fol-
“Standards of Public Morality,” by
lowing conclusions: That the work of excavating in
President Hadley of Yale, is the
in politics.
Crete is in thoroughly competent hands; that the
second number of the “American
final results will be tremendously important for our Social Progress Series” published by the Macmillan
knowledge of early Mediterranean history and Company. It is composed of five chapters delivered
development; that in the second millenium B. C. a
last winter in New York as lectures on the John S.
powerful and opulent dynasty held sway in this Kennedy Foundation, and treating of the formation
island over a highly civilized community; that its
of public opinion, the ethics of trade, the ethics of
relations with Egypt and the Orient were exceed-corporate management, the workings of our polit-
ingly close ; and, above all, that the archæological ical machinery, and the political duties of citizens.
situation for this period has become desperately com-
All these subjects are discussed with the writer's
plicated, and that a few thousand pressing and inter wonted clearness, force, and good sense, and with
esting questions must remain unanswered for several a first-hand knowledge derived from his early ex-
years. Throughout the book, Professor Burrows has perience as a labor commissioner and as a journal-
adhered conscientiously to his plan of setting before
ist. Sometimes, as a scholar should, he points his
the classical scholar and general cultured public moral with an allusion at once witty and learned,
“a clear and comprehensive account of where we
as in his citations from Aristotle's “Politics"; and
stand.” But the trouble is, we do not stand any his general tone, that of one impartial and open
where in particular. Indeed, as is implied in the to conviction, tends to win assent. His recognition
preface, the next month's spade-work” is likely to of party machines and party bosses as practical
put any book out of date ; and the temporary lull in
necessities marks him out as not exactly the typical
the excavations can hardly save the present volume “scholar in politics,” and his lack of enthusiasm
from being ephemeral even if opportune. In the
for arbitration and for profit-sharing in the com-
mean time " The Discoveries in Crete” will be wel mercial world shows him to be other than a theorist
come to a limited circle for its painstaking summary
in things practical. A short extract from the chap-
of the present situation, its impartial balancing of ter on the citizen's political duties will give the
probabilities, and its valuable bibliography.
quality of the writer's thought. " It is not,” he
declares, “his chance of office alone, but his chance
Material for fireside travel grows of influencing his associates and setting a mark for
haunts in the rapidly. Another illustrated book of
his opponents, that the politician throws aside when
old Bay State. rambles, intermingling description he deserts his party. Therefore, if a man's record
with history, and divided into chapters charmingly shows that he has been honestly anxious to do public
brief and to the point, is Mr. Charles Burr Todd's “In
service, I am very slow to criticise him for standing
Olde Massachusetts,” the fourth issue in the “ Graf- by his organization through a good deal that is rather
ton Press Historical Series,” edited by Dr. Henry bad.” Excellent though the book is, a little more
R. Stiles. Twenty-one places of interest are visited,
of the “scorn of scorn,” the “hate of hate,” the love
and an attempt is made to call up a vision of the of all ideals of even impossible perfection, might
scenes as they were “ during the early days of the have been expected -- and twenty years ago would
Commonwealth.". Forefathers’ Rock at Plymouth have been expected — in a New England college
is called “the stepping-stone of a new empire” – president's treatment of the subjects discussed.
not quite accurately, in view of what we are in these
days learning about Provincetown and the earlier
To the mass of literature growing
Chapters in the
landing made there by the Mayflower Pilgrims, to history of a
out of the resolutions adopted by
say nothing of the almost forgotten landing of En-
the people of Mecklenburg County,
glish voyagers at Pemaquid, Maine, in the summer North Carolina, in 1775, is added a volume by Mr.
of 1607. The writer speaks of Miles Standish's William Hoyt entitled “The Mecklenburg Declar-
dinner-pot as "rather insecurely mounted on three ation of Independence" (Putnam). This volume
rudimentary legs ”; but of course he remembers that strengthens the conviction that no new light is likely
Some historic
famous myth.


124
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
cans
to be thrown on the matter, and that argument only by some scrap of mediæval legend, or bit of art, or
is left. The so-called exposure of the forged copy relic of antiquity; and the treatment has always
of the missing “ Cape Fear Mercury,” in the period poetic grace and romantic flavor, even though the
ical and quarterly press last year, shows the lengths supernatural, the weird, and occasionally the grue-
to which those must go who would add to the facts some and horrible, tend to predominate. As fairy
in the case.
Mr. Hoyt attempts only to collect and
collect and tales they are too highly wrought, too much embel-
examine the existing material. He makes no at lished with learned allusions and far-fetched con-
tempt to discredit the story that certain resolutions ceits, to please younger readers for whom they
were adopted by the people of Mecklenburg County were doubtless not intended; but for those who care
in 1775, but thinks the date should be May 31 rather more for exquisite form than solid substance these
than May 20. Then he produces arguments to prove airy creations of a rich and lively imagination are
that whatever the people adopted could not have excellent reading.
been “independence” because it did not secure them
A new biographical series dealing
independence -- a polemic situation which much Great generals
with the lives of “ Leading Ameri-
of America.
resembles man of straw. This seems to be the
” has been planned under the
only myth the author feels called upon to destroy: promising editorship of Professor W. P. Trent.
He absolves Thomas Jefferson from the charge of The series opens well with “ Leading American
plagiarism, in his Declaration of Independence of Soldiers” by Mr. R. M. Johnston, whose books on
1776. The volume may be regarded as a history Napoleon have shown his training and skill as a
of the controversy, rather than a history of the writer. Thirteen generals are selected for discus-
Declaration. The last page leaves the reader as sion, — Washington and Greene from the Revolu-
helpless as the first, in ability to separate hearsay tion, Jackson, Taylor, and Scott from the middle
from evidence. But the book is valuable as a history period, Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, McClellan, and
of a controversy which has raged for more than a Meade from the North, and Lee, Jackson, and J. E.
century, at one time intensified by sectionalism, Johnston from the South. From fifteen to sixty-
which has brought a heroic defense from the de five pages are given to each subject, including the
scendants of the signers, which has induced forgery, main facts of his life and an outline of his campaigns,
and seems as yet no nearer a settlement than when
with intelligent criticism of them. This criticism,
it began. The appendix contains valuable documents though briefly expressed, is the valuable feature of
connected with the dispute, while in the volume may the book and makes it worth a careful reading,
be found facsimiles of the forged newspaper of 1775 especially by those who have accepted the tradi-
containing the resolutions, of the spurious docu tional opinions found in the popular histories.
ment lithographed for the anniversary celebration There is necessarily some repetition of facts in the
at Charlotte in 1892, and of various letters by which treatment of the eight generals of the Civil War,
the “recollections ” of the event were written out but the emphasis is different in each case as a dif-
twenty-five years after they occurred. A biblio ferent soldier occupies the centre of the stage.
graphy and an index would have added to the use Volumes of the series are announced on our leading
fulness of the work.
scientists, historians, lawyers, novelists, and others,
Two attractive little volumes by Miss
to be written by men whose work is known and
Romantic haunts Violet Paget (better known by her
approved. (Henry Holt & Co.)
of song and story.
pen-name of “Vernon Lee") are is-
Professor W. C. Bagley's new book
sued in a second edition by the John Lane Company.
on “Classroom Management” (Mac-
the teacher.
They are “Genius Loci: Notes on Places,” and
millan) will be useful to
any
teacher
“Pope Jacynth, and Other Fantastic Tales.” Though who has not solved all his practical problems, and
the first book is built on a more substantial basis of particularly valuable to the young teacher. The
fact than the second, the imaginative element predom- great virtue of the book is its actuality; its material
inates in each, and they may well be grouped together. has been gathered mainly from experience and ob-
In the introduction to her notes and reminiscences of servation. The writer constantly sums up the best
favorite haunts in Italy, France, and Germany, the expert opinion upon the question in hand, and while
writer
says of her chosen title : “Genius Loci. A not without decided opinions of his own, expresses
divinity, certainly, great or small as the case may them with modesty and full recognition of the great
be, and deserving of some silent worship. But, for range of belief upon most practical questions. The
mercy's sake, not a personification; not a man or contents of the book may be suggested by a few
woman with mural crown and attributes, and detest of the chapter titles : “The Daily Program,
able definite history, like the dreadful ladies who sitgienic Conditions in the Schoolroom,” “Order and
round the Place de la Concorde. To think of a place | Discipline,” “ Penalties,” “The Problem of At-
or a country in human shape is, for all the practice of tention.” The thought is sane and illuminating
rhetoricians, not to think of it at all. No, no. The throughout, and the form is always clear and strong.
Genius Loci, like all worthy divinities, is of the sub We know of no other book that will bring more
stance of our heart and mind, a spiritual reality.” varied and abundant help to the teacher in actual
Her “ fantastic tales” are suggested in each instance I hand-grips with his task.
First aid to
» « Hy-
:


1907.]
125
THE DIAL
NOTES.
The growing popularity of Richard Jefferies is attested
by two new editions of his best-known books
6 The
“ The Elements of Mechanics,” by Messrs. W. S. Life of the Fields,” “The Open Air,” and “ Nature
Franklin and Barry Macnutt, is a text-book for colleges near London,” announced for fall publication. One
and technical schools just published by the Macmillan Co. of these sets, with introductions by Mr. Thomas Coke
A volume of “Character Portraits from Dickens” Watkins, will be issued by Messrs. T. Y. Crowell &
has been compiled by Mr. Charles Welsh, and will be
Co.; the other, of English manufacture, will bear the
published during the fall by Messrs. Small, Maynard imprint of Messrs. George W. Jacobs & Co
& Co,
The latest issue in the “ Old South Leaflets is a
Dr. Todhunter has translated into English verse
“Longfellow Memorial," in which are brought together
Heine's “ Buch der Lieder,” and the result will be issued the noteworthy tributes paid to Longfellow at the
shortly as one of the volumes in the “Oxford Library meeting of the Massachusetts Historical Society follow-
of Translations."
ing his death in 1882, together with some of the tributes
Messrs. Henry Holt & Co. publish a new edition of
at the meeting in February of the present year, the
that very valuable work, the “ Ancient Society” of
month of the centennial celebration. Longfellow, Em-
Lewis H. Morgan. The original copyright is dated
erson, Lowell, and Holmes were all members of the
just thirty years ago.
Historical Society, and all deeply interested in local as
The Messrs. Scribner import the latest edition (the
well as general history; and this is impressively shown
twenty-second in English) of Baedeker's “Switzerland,"
in this memorial leaflet relating to Longfellow. It is
that book which has been the Alpine tourist's guide, sold, like all the leaflets, for five cents a copy.
philosopher, and friend for half a century and more.
Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin and Co.'s fall season will
Still another “ American History” for the use of
open on September 14, with the publication of the
secondary schools has come to us from the Macmillan
following: “The Familiar Letters of James Howell,”
Co. It is the work of Mr. Roscoe L. Ashley, the author
in two volumes, with an Introduction by Miss Agnes
of a series of text-books on civil government which are
Repplier; Thomas Hood's ballad, “ Faithless Nelly
among the best in existence.
Gray,” with many amusing illustrations by Mr. Robert
“ The Travel Lovers' Library,” one of the most suc-
Seaver; a new edition of Alice Prescott Smith's
“ Montlivet,” with frontispiece in color; Everett T.
cessful of the many excellent series published by Messrs.
L. C. Page & Co., will be augmented this year by a
Tomlinson's new story for boys, “ The Campfire of Mad
work in two volumes on the Umbrian Cities of Italy, by
Anthony”; two volumes in the Hart, Schaffner & Marx
A. M. and J. W. Cruickshank.
series of prize essays in economics, “The Causes of the
Panic of 1893" by William Jett Lauck and “ Industrial
From Mr. David Nutt, London, we have a second
Education " by Harlow S. Person; Part I. of Vol. II. of
edition of Mr. G. G. Coulton's “ From St. Francis to
Charles Sprague Sargent’s “ Trees and Shrubs "; a new
Dante,” containing a considerable amount of fresh mat-
series of popular poets, in leather bindings at popular
ter from Salimbene's chronicle, and many additions to
the notes and appended matter.
prices, including Longfellow, Tennyson, Whittier, Em-
erson, Aldrich, Holmes, Lowell, Hart, Sill, and others;
Palgrave's “Golden Treasury," with one hundred
and Hawthorne's “Grandfather's Chair” and William
additional poems (bringing the collection down to the end
Eliot Griffis's “ Brave Little Holland,” both in the
of the 19th century), being published in the Oxford
« Riverside Juvenile Classics.”
editions of standard authors. The whole of FitzGerald's
version of Omar Khayyam is given.
The following detailed information regarding the
important forthcoming “Cambridge History of English
Mr. John Belcher's “ Essentials in Architecture,”
Literature is sent us by the American publishers,
imported by the Messrs. Scribner, is a popular treatise
Messrs. G. P. Putnam's Sons: « The work will cover
which is confined to a few general principles instead of
the whole course of English literature from Beowulf to
being overloaded with details, and which is illustrated
the end of the Victorian age. Each chapter will be
by a choice selection of photographic examples of typical the work of a writer who is familiar with the subject,
styles.
and who has been accepted as an authority on his sub-
Volume VII. of the “Proceedings of the Aristotelian ject; while the editors will retain the responsibility for
Society," published by Messrs. Williams & Norgate,
the character of the work as a whole. The list of con-
includes eight papers read before the Society during the tributors includes American and Continental as well as
past year. Among their authors we may name the Rev. English scholars. It is intended (1) to give a connected
Hastings Rashdall, Professor F. C. S. Schiller, and Mr.
account of the successive movements, both main and sub-
Shadworth H. Hodgson.
sidiary, in English Literature; this implies an adequate
Steps in English," a book of composition and treatment of secondary writers, instead of leaving these
rhetoric, by Dr. Thomas C. Blaisdell; “ An American to be overshadowed by the greater personalities; (2) to
Book of Golden Deeds,” by Mr. James Baldwin; and trace the progress of the English language as a vehicle
a volume on “Foods” in Mr. Frank G. Carpenter's of English literature; (3) to take note of the influence of
“ Industrial Readers,” are three recent school publica- foreign literatures upon English literature, and (though
tions of the American Book Co.
in a smaller degree) of the influence of English upon
A set of reprints called the “Indian Captivities foreign literatures; and (4) to provide each chapter
Series" is being undertaken by the H. R. Huntting Co., with a sufficient bibliography. The work is intended to
Springfield, Mass. The first issue gives us “ A Narra- appeal to the general reader as well as to the literary
tive of the Captivity of Mrs. Johnson,” reproduced from student. Facts that have been duly verified rather than
the third edition, published in 1814 at Windsor, Vermont. surmises and theories, however interesting, are to form
The volume is supplied with a historical introduction by the foundation of the work. Controversy and partisan-
Mr. Horace W. Bailey. The edition is limited. ship of every kind are to be scrupulously avoided. It
66


126
[Sept. 1,
THE DIAL
is the hope of the editors as of the publishers, that the
work will furnish a comprehensive, strictly accurate,
impartial and, as far as may prove possible, impersonal,
account of the present condition of knowledge as to the
entire course of English Literature and as to all the mat-
ters concerning this literature.” Messrs. A. W. Ward
and A. R. Walker are the editors of the work, which
will be complete in fourteen volumes. The first volume
is announced for early publication.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 97 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
BIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS.
Memoirs and Artistic Studies of Adelaide Ristori. Ren-
dered into English by G. Mantellini; with Biographical
Appendix by L. D. Ventura. Illus., large 8vo, gilt top,
pp. 263. Doubleday, Page & Co. $2.50 net.
The Memoirs of Ann Lady Fanshawe, Wife of the Rt.
Hon. Sir Richard Fanshawe, Bart., 1600-72. Reprinted from
the Original Manuscript in the possession of Mr. Evelyn
John Fanshawe of Parsloes. Illus. in photogravure, etc.,
8vo, gilt top, pp. 617. John Lane Co. $5. net.
Ralph Heathcote : Letters of a Young Diplomatist and
Soldier during the Time of Napoleon, Giving an Account of
the Dispute between the Emperor and the Elector of Hesse.
By Countess Günther Gröben. Illus., 8vo, gilt top, uncut,
pp. 296. John Lane Co. $5. net.
George Morland. By David Henry Wilson, M.A. Illus. in
photogravure, etc., 12mo, gilt top, pp. 207. The Makers of
British Art." Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.25 net.
Stars of the Stage. New vols.: Herbert Beerbohm Tree, by
Mrs. George Cran;W.S. Gilbert, by Edith A. Browne. Each
illus., 12mo, gilt top. John Lane Co. Per vol., $1. net.
Alfred Bruneau. By Arthur Hervey. Illus., 12mo, gilt top,
pp. 86. “Living Masters of Music.” John Lane Co. $1. net.
The Story of My Childhood. By Clara Barton. With por-
traits, 24mo, gilt top, pp. 125. Baker & Taylor Co. 50 cts. net
BOOKS OF VERSE.
The Romance of King Arthur. By Francis Coutts. 12mo,
gilt top, pp. 217. John Lane Co. $1.25 net.
Children of Romance: In Memory of James Fenimore
Cooper. By Clinton Scollard. 18mo, uncut, pp. 6. Clinton,
N. Y.: George W. Browning. Paper.
A Boy's Book of Rhyme. By Clinton Scollard. New
England edition; 12mo, pp. 82. Clinton, N. Y.: George W.
Browning. 75 cts.
The Snow Bride, and Other Poems. By Daniel Hugh Verder,
M.A. 12mo. pp. 140. New York: Charles Francis Press.
The Blind Rose. By Thomas Horace Evans. 12mo, uncut,
pp. 44. Philadelphia: The Novo Publishing Co. Paper.
Nannie : A Song of the Heart. By Louis M. Elshemus. 12mo,
gilt top, pp. 37. Boston: The Gorham Press. $1.
Satires. By Edwin Sauter. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 55. Boston:
The Gorham Press. $1.
Youth. By J. H. Wallis. 12mo, gilt top, pp. 45. Boston: The
Gorham Press. $1.
FICTION.
A Lost Leader. By E. Phillips Oppenheim. Illus., 12mo,
pp. 296. Little, Brown, & Co. $1.50.
Barbary Sheep. By Robert Hichens. Illus., 12mo, pp. 253.
Harper & Brothers. $1.25.
The Successor. By Richard Pryce. 12mo, pp. 331. Duffield
& Co. $1.50.
The Mauleverer Murders. By A. C. Fox-Davies. 12mo,
pp. 299. John Lane Co. $1.50.
Tinman. By Tom Gallon. 12mo, pp. 315. Small, Maynard
& Co. $1.50.
Her Prairie Knight. By B. M. Bower. Illus. in color, 12mo,
pp. 314. G. W. Dillingham Co. $1.25.
Clem. By Edna Kenton. With frontispiece, 18mo, pp. 275.
Century Co. $1.
Sinless. By Maud H. Yardley. 12mo, pp. 252. R. F. Fenno
& Co. $1. net.
The Counterstroke. By Ambrose Pratt. With frontispiece,
12mo, pp. 320. R. F. Fenno & Co. $1. net.
“Entre-Nous” Series. Comprising: In the Deep of the
Snow, by Charles G. D. Roberts; Good Night, by Eleanor
Gates; Allee Same, by Frances Aymar Mathews; Schmidt,
by Lloyd Osbourne; Dawn, by Katharine Holland Brown;
Araminta and the Automobile, by Charles Battell Loomis.
Each illus., 18mo. Thomas Y. Crowell & Co. Per vol., 50 cts.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
Poetry and Progress in Russia. By Rosa Newmarch
Illus., large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 269. John Lane Co. $3.50 net.
From St. Francis to Dante : Translations from the Chronicle
of the Franciscan Salimbene (1221-1288), with Notes and
Illustrations from other Medieval Sources. By G. G. Coulton,
M.A. Second edition revised and enlarged; illus., 8vo,
pp. 446. London: David Nutt.
The Heresy of Job. By Francis Coutts, with the Inventions
of William Blake. Illus., large 8vo, gilt top, pp. 137. John
Lane Co. $2. net.
In a Nook with a Book. By Frederic W. Macdonald. 16mo,
pp. 222. Charles Scribner's Sons. $1. net.
Genius Loci : Notes on Places. By Vernon Lee. 18mo, gilt
top, pp. 211. John Lane Co. $1.25 net.
Pope Jacynth, and Other Fantastic Tales. By Vernon Lee.
New edition ; 12mo, gilt top, pp. 200. John Lane Co.
A Short History of Jewish Literature, from the Fall of the
Temple (70 C. E.) to the Era of Emancipation (1786 B. C.). By
Israel Abrahams, M.A. 12mo, pp. 176. Charles Scribner's
Sons. $1. net.
In Lighter Vein : A Collection of Anecdotes, Witty Sayings,
Bon Mots, Repartees, Eccentricities and Reminiscences of
Well-Known Men and Women. Collected and edited by John
De Morgan. With frontispiece, 12mo, gilt top, pp. 164. Paul
Elder & Co.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
Thoreau's Works. Bijou edition. Comprising: The Maine
Woods, with Introduction by Annie Russell Marble; Excur-
sions, with Biographical Sketch by Ralph Waldo Emerson;
A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers, with Intro-
duction by Nathan H. Dole; Cape Cod, with Introduction by
Annie Russell Marble; Walden, with Introduction by Charles
G. D. Roberts. Each with frontispiece, 16mo, gilt top.
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Ready September 21
OLD OAK FURNITURE
By FRED ROE
With frontispiece in The collecting and identifying of old oak has within the last few years awakened so much
colors and many
enthusiasm that its many devotees will eagerly welcome a work whose purport is to classify in
illustrations. 8vo. chronological order examples of the various articles, based largely on personal investigation in
England and on the Continent, and referring frequently to contemporary writers. net $3.00
Ready October 12
By ANNA B. McMAHAN
SHAKESPEARE'S CHRISTMAS GIFT TO QUEEN BESS
Illustrated. Novelty In quaint and charming language Mrs. McMahan has woven a delightful little story around
binding. Tall 16mo. the first presentation of “A Midsummer Night's Dream” at Queen Elizabeth's court.
The vernacular of the period has been largely used, and from her intimate knowledge of
Shakespeare's life the author has contrived to bring in many exquisite touches that make the picture more real to the
modern reader. The Elizabethan character has been perfectly carried out in the making of the book, which is printed
in two colors in quaint old type with unique illustrations and bound in tapestry cloth.
net $1.00


134
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
A. C. McCLURG & CO.'S FALL PUBLICATIONS — Continued
Ready Oct. 12 THE LINCOLN YEAR BOOK
Compiled by WALLACE RICE
Axioms and Aphorisms by the Great Emancipator for Every Day in the Year
With frontispiece. When are considered the many practical sayings to be found in Lincoln's private and
Novelty binding. public utterances, it seems strange that they have not before been utilized in this way.
Tall 16mo.
No better material for a year book could be imagined, and it is expected that this compila-
tion, which has been made with great care, will prove very popular.
net $1.00
Ready Oct. 12 THE FRANKLIN YEAR BOOK Compiled by WALLACE RICE
Maxims and Morals from the Great American Philosopher for Every Day in the Year
With frontispiece. Nov. Benjamin Franklin has long been known as the greatest and cleverest maker of maxims this
elty binding. Tall 16mo. country has produced. Uniform with “ Lincoln Year Book."
net $1.00
Ready September 28
By ELLYE HOWELL GLOVER
“DAME CURTSEY’S” BOOK OF NOVEL
ENTERTAINMENTS FOR EVERY DAY IN THE YEAR
With thirty illustrations. The author conducts a widely known and popular column in The Chicago Record-Herald,
Handy 16mo.
under the nom-de-plume of "Dame Curtsey." She has had extensive experience in answer-
ing questions and making suggestions about entertainments, and the present volume is
prepared to fill a definite need for a satisfactory and practical book of holiday observances. It also contains descriptions
of entertaining new games, and a variety of useful suggestions for the amusement of both old and young. net $1.00
Ready October 5
By JOHN and RUE CARPENTER
IMPROVING SONGS FOR ANXIOUS CHILDREN
Quaintly illustrated in The "little children of yesterday,” whom Mrs. Carpenter presents with such delightful
colors. Oblong folio, originality and humor, may in their secret souls be just like the smartly dressed little persons
11 x 14 inches.
of modern life and modern magazine illustration. They seem, though, to belong to another
period, a time of wall-mottoes and virtuous, if painful, aspirations. Yet well may modern
children, if properly anxious, ponder over the amusing solemnity of these moral songs.
net $1.50
Ready October 5
Edited by S. BARING-GOULD
A BOOK OF NURSERY SONGS AND RHYMES
With illustrations and None of the various editions of the old nursery songs lately published may boast of being
decorations,
so complete historically, or illustrated so happily, as this collection. The illustrations and
Large 12mo.
borders are the work of members of the Birmingham Art School.
net $1.50
Ready September 21
NEW VOLUMES IN THE SERIES
By GEORGE P. UPTON
LIFE STORIES FOR YOUNG PEOPLE
Each volume A Series of Historical Romances for Children, translated from the German
illustrated.
Four new volumes are added to this very popular series, making sixteen in all.
JOSEPH HAYDN. Completing the group of old music masters. FRITHIOF SAGA. Legendary.
HERMAN AND THUSNELDA. Period of Julius Cæsar and the Roman Invasion of Germany.
THE SWISS HEROES. Period of William Tell.
Each, net 60 cents
Ready October 26
THE PRAIRIE CLASSICS
A Series of Uniform Reprints of the Standard Writers of Fiction
Each volume with front- Although there are many editions of the standard authors, and new ones are constantly
ispiece in colors by appearing, there is not available a uniform handy-volume edition of the great writers of
George Alfred Williams. fiction in uniform typography and make-up and at a uniform price. This fact gives special
Size, 4%, x774 inches. interest to this announcement of the first volumes of a dollar-a-volume series of reprints
from Dickens, Scott, and other great novelists, printed from entirely new plates. Compact-
ness, readability, and serviceability are the features of this edition. The volumes ready this Fall are :
TALE OF TWO CITIES OLIVER TWIST KENILWORTH IVANHOE Each, net $1.00
Ready in October
By IDA LYNCH HOWER
THE ART OF RETOUCHING SYSTEMATIZED
With photograph front This is a manual of practical and methodical instructions, for the professional as well as the
ispiece and several text amateur photographer, in the art of retouching negatives. It has been prepared from the
illustrations. 12mo. standpoint of over a quarter of a century of professional experience.
net $1.00
A. C. McCLURG & CO.,
PUBLISHERS, CHICAGO


1907.]
135
THE DIAL
Messrs. Duffield & Company's
New and Forthcoming Books
E
SOME STRIKING NOVELS
The Successor By RICHARD PRICE Three Weeks By ELINOR GLYN
A particularly clever story involving an heir to “Readers who can tolerate a defiance of the conven-
a great English estate. Handled with a shrewd tions will find “Three Weeks' a very dainty romance."
knowledge of human nature. $1.50 postpaid.
The Sunday Times (London). $1.50 postpaid.
SOME EARLY FALL TITLES
Painters and Sculptors Houses for Town or Country
By KENYON Cox
By WILLIAM HERBERT
Author of “Old Masters and New.”
With 140 half-tone pictures. $2.00 net. Postage,
Of Mr. Cox's first volume the New York
18 cents.
Evening Post says:
Historic Churches of America
“Visitors to Europe who care for the art either of
By NELLIE URNER WALLINGTON
yesterday or of three hundred years ago, would do well
Introduction by Dr. Edward Everett Hale.
to put it into their trunks, or, better, their handbags.”
Descriptions, facts, and pictures of famous American
Illustrated, $2.50 net. Postage, 18 cents. places of worship. Illustrated, $2. net. Postage, 16 cts.
The Holy Graal and Other
Plays of Our Forefathers
By CHARLES MILLS GAYLEY
Fragments
of the University of California.
Being the uncompleted parts of The Arthurian The origin and development of early Miracle and
Morality Plays, with many reproductions of old wood-
Dramas of Richard Hovey, to which are added an
cuts. $3.50 net; postage, 24 cents.
Introduction and Notes by Mrs. Richard Hovey,
Familiar Faces
and a Preface by Bliss Carman. With a portrait of
Richard Hovey.
By HARRY GRAHAM
Author of “Misrepresentative Men.”
Messrs. Duffield & Company have also acquired
Another jolly book of verse by this witty author.
all rights Mr. Hovey's other books.
With characteristic illustrations by Tom Hall.
$1.25 net each; postage 5 cents.
$1.00, postpaid.
THE SHAKESPEARE LIBRARY
Special prospectus sent on application.
A series of reprints in which will be included various volumes indispensable to a thorough understanding
of the poet, under the general editorship of Professor I. GOLLANCZ, editor of the Temple Shakespeare.
The Library will include, among many other books, the following volumes:
The Old Spelling Shakespeare Greene's Dorastus and Fawnia
40 volumes, in the Elizabethan orthography, the text
The original of
edited by Dr. FURNIVALL.
“A WINTER'S TALE."
Lodge's Rosalynde
Shakespeare's Holinshed
The original of “As You Like It," edited by W. W.
GREG, M.A.
Edited by the late W. G. BOSWELL-STONE
AND
DUFFIELD
36 EAST 21ST ST.
COMPANY
NEW YORK


136
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
1907-ANNOUNCEMENT OF
ANTONY
CLEOPATRA
JUST PUBLISHED
A new volume of the Variorum Shakespeare
AND
EDITED BY
HORACE HOWARD FURNESS, Ph.D., L.L.D., Litt.D.
THE publication of a new volume of Dr. Furness's Variorum Edition of Shake-
speare is always an event of importance in the literary world, and it is therefore
with pleasure that the publishers are able to announce the completion of the fifteenth
volume of this monumental work. This is the first volume to be put before the
public since the autumn of 1904, when “Love's Labour's Lost was published.
The Text of this edition follows the text of the First Folio with all the fidelity
that unstinted pains can bestow. In addition there are Textual Notes showing the
different readings of the folios, quartos, and subsequent editions, similar in kind to
the notes of the Cambridge Edition, but differing herein, that they enumerate the
critical editions that have adopted the various readings. Then follows a Commentary
in which the notes, worth preserving (in the opinion of the editor), of critical edi-
tions from Pope to the present day are condensed—at times, these notes merely
illustrate the history of Shakespearian criticism. In an Appendix are criticisms by
English, German, and French authors-in short, within one volume is to be found
an epitome of a Shakespeare library that would cost a large expenditure of time
and money to collect.
Royal 8vo, cloth, gilt top, uncut edges, $4.00 net;
Three-quarter levant, $5.00 net
Postage, 30 cents extra
A NEW VOLUME OF THE “TRUE” SERIES
THIRD VOLUME OF THE “FRENCH MEN
OF LETTERS” SERIES
The True Patrick Henry
François Rabelais
By GEORGE MORGAN
Author of “ John Littlejohn of J.,” “ The Issue," etc.
Mr. Morgan has in recent years made a special
study of the life and times of Patrick Henry, and
his book will take its place as the standard work
dealing with the life of this great American.
Illustrated. Crown 8vo, cloth, $2.00 net; half
levant, $5.00 net
Postage, 14 cents extra
By ARTHUR TILLEY, M. A.
Fellow and Lecturer of King's College, Cambridge
Mr. Arthur Tilley is well known as an authority
on French literature, his “ The Literature of the
French Renaissance” being accepted as the stand-
ard work on the subject.
With a frontispiece portrait and a bibliography.
12mo, cloth, paper label, $1.50 net.
Postpaid, $1.60.
PUBLISHERS
J. B. LIPPINCOTT


1907.]
137
THE DIAL
NEW AUTUMN BOOKS–1907
MISCELLANEOUS
The Struggle for American Independence. By Sydney
George Fisher. Two volumes. Illustrated. Crown octavo.
Cloth, gilt top. $.00 net, per set.
Our Troes - How to Know Them. Photographs from
Nature. By Arthur I. Emerson, With a guide to their rec-
ognition and culture. By Clarence M. Weed, D.Sc. 148
illustrations. Size, 7142 x 10% inches. Cloth. $3.75 net.
The Pearl - Its Story, Its Charm, and Its Value. By
W. R. Cattelle. Illustrated. 12mo. Cloth, $2.00 net.
The Story of a Football Season. By George H. Brooke.
Illustrations and diagrams. 12mo. Cloth, $1.00 net.
Recollections of an Ill-Fated Expedition to the Head-
waters of the Madeira River in Brazil. By Neville B.
Craig, 27 illustrations and 6 maps. Octavo. Cloth. $4.00 net.
A Book of Quotations, Proverbs, and Household Words.
By W. Gurney Benham. Octavo. 1256 pages. Cloth, gilt
top. $3.00. Half call, $5.00. Half morocco, $5.50. Three-
quarter levant, $7.50.
Home Life in All Lands. By Charles Morris. Illustrated.
12mo. Cloth. $1.00 net.
The Secrets of the Vatican: The Palace of the Popes, By
Douglas Sladen. Illus. with 60 half-tone reproductions from
photos and a plan. Royal octavo. Cloth, gilt top, $5.00 net.
Queer Things About Persia. By Eustace de Lorey and
Douglas Sladen. Frontispiece in color, and many full-page
illustrations. 8vo. Cloth, $3.50 net.
The Court of Philip the Fourth and The Decadence of
Spain. By Martin Hume. Illus. Octavo. Cloth, $3.75 net.
The Last Empress of the French. By Philip W. Sergeant,
B.A. Colored frontispiece, and 13 full-page illustrations.
Octavo. Cloth, gilt top, $3.50 net.
Nooks and Corners of Old Paris. Translated from the
French of Georges Cain. With a preface by Victorien Sardou.
One hundred illus. Small quarto. Cloth, gilt top. $3.50 net.
Dutoh Art in the Nineteenth century. By G. H. Maruis,
translated by A. Teixeira De Mattos. Sumptuously illus-
trated with 139 plates. 8vo. Cloth, gilt top, $5.00 net.
Below the Cataracts. By Walter Tyndale. Sixty illustrations
in color by the author. Octavo. Cloth, gilt top. $3.50 net. Also
large-paper edition, limited to 50 copies. bound in full vellum.
The Egyptian Sudan. By E. A. Wallis Budge, M.A. Illus. by
full-page plates, cuts, and reproductions of photographs.
Two vols. Royal octavo. Cloth.gilt top. $10.00 net, per set.
Under the Syrian Sun. By A. C. Inchbold. With forty full-
page colored plates and eight black-and-white drawings.
Two vols. Royal octavo. Cloth, gilt top. $6.00 net, per set.
Poets' Country. Edited by Andrew Lang. Fifty full-page
illustrations in color by Francis S. Walker. Octavo. 363
pages, Cloth, gilt top, $5.00 net.
Lotus Land. Being an Account of the Country and the People
of Southern Siam. By P. A. Thompson. B.A. With map,
colored frontispiece, 57 pages of illustrations and numerous
drawings. Octavo. 312 pages. Cloth, gilt top, $3.50 net.
Gods and Heroes of Old Japan._By Violet M. Pasteur. Mar-
ginal drawings on every page. Four charming illus. in color
and a decorative cover. Royal 8vo. Cloth, gilt top, $3.50 net.
Cambridge. By J. W. Clark. Frontispiece in color and many
illustrations. Large extra crown 8vo. Cloth, $1.50 net.
Half morocco, $3.50 net.
The History of the Squares of London. Topographical
and Historical. By E. Beresford Chancellor, M.A. Thirty-
seven illus. Crown quarto, 420 pp. Cloth, gilt top, $5.00 net.
The Last Days of Marie Antoinette. From the French of
G. Lenotre. By Mrs. Rodolph Stawell. Fully illustrated.
Octavo. Cloth, gilt top, $3.50 net.
The Last Days of Mary Stuart. And the Journal of Bour-
goyne, her Physician. By Samuel Cowan. Illustrated.
Octavo. 324 pages. Cloth, $3.00 net.
The Life of the Renowned Sir Philip Sidney. (Issued by
Caradoc Press, London.) Medium 8vo. 167 pages.
Half
vellum, $2.50 net.
The Opera. By R. A. Streatfield. New Edition. Octavo.
Cloth, gilt top, $1.25 net. Half levant, gilt top. $3.00 net.
Stories from the Operas. (2d Series.) By Gladys Davidson.
Illus. 12mo. Cloth. gilt top, $1.25 net. Half morocco, $3.00 net.
Chats with Music-Lovers. By Annie W. Patterson. Fron-
tispiece. 12mo. Cloth, gilt top, $1.25 net.
FICTION
Holly. By Ralph Henry Barbour. Illustrated in full color
and with dainty marginal and text drawings, by Edwin F.
Bayha. Small quarto. Decorated cover, with medallion.
In a box, cloth, $2.00.
Beau Brocade. By Baroness Orczy. Four illustrations in
color. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
The Lonely House. Translated from the German. By Mrs.
A. L. Wister. Tlustrated in color. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
The Smuggler. By Ella Middleton Tybout. Illustrated in
color. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
The Affair at Pine Court. By Nelson Rust Gilbert, Illus-
trated in color. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
When Kings Go Forth to Battle. By William Wallace
Whitelock. Illustrated in color. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
The Angel of Forgiveness. By Rosa N. Carey. Frontis-
piece in color. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
The Settlers of Karossa Creek. By Louis Becke. 12mo.
Cloth, $1.50.
Tales of a Small Town. By One Who Lived there. 12mo.
Cloth, $1.50.
JUVENILE
The Princess and the Goblin. By George Macdonald.
Illustrated in color together with the original wood en-
gravings. Octavo. Cloth, $1.50.
The Queens' Company. By Sara Hawks șterling. Four
full-page illustrations in color, and fifteen in line. 12mo.
Decorated cloth. $1.25.
Legends from Fairyland. By Holme Lee. 12mo. Bound in
cloth, stamped in gold, $1.50.
The Magic Mirror. By William Gilbert. Beautifully illus-
trated in color. Octavo. Cloth, $2.50.
Three Girls from School. By Laura T. Meade. Eight illus-
trations. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
Follies of Fif. By May Baldwin. Illus. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25.
Troublesome Ursula. By Mabel Quiller-Couch. Illustrated.
12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
Folk of the Wild. By Bertram Atkey. Illus. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50
That Imp Marcella. By Raymond Jacberns. Illustrated.
12mo. Cloth, $1.25.
Discontented School-Girl. By Raymond Jacberns. Illus-
trated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
Mysie: A Highland Lassie. By May Baldwin. Illustrated.
12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
With Fighting Jack Barry. By John T. McIntyre, Four
illustrations in color by Gordon Grant. 12mo. Pictorial
cover. Cloth, $1.50.
John Smith, Gentleman Adventurer. By C. H. Forbes-
Lindsay. Four illustrations in color by Harry B. Lachman.
12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
Trapped by Malays. By G. Manrille Fenn. Illustrated.
12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
The Swiss Family Robinson. Edited by G. E. Mitton.
Twelve illustrations in color. 8vo. Cloth, $1.50.
Three School Chums. By John Finnemore. Illustrated.
12mo. Cloth, $1.25.
Well Played. By Andrew Home. Illus. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
The Boy Electricians. By Edwin James Houston. Illus-
trated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50.
Vivian's Lesson. By E.W. Grierson. Illus. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25.
The Romance of the World's Fisheries. By H. W. G.
Hyrst. Thirty illustrations. Crown 8vo. Cloth, $1.50 net.
The Romance of Savage Life By Professor G. P. Scott
Elliot. Thirty illustrations. Crown 8vo. Cloth, $1.50 net.
The Romance of Modern Photography. By Charles R.
Gibson. Over forty illus. Crown 8vo. Cloth, $1.50 net.
Romance of Modern Sieges. By Rev. E. Gilliat, M.A.
Sixteen illustrations. Crown 8vo. Cloth. $1.50 net.
Heroes of Missionary Enterprise. By Rev. Claude Field,
M.A. Twenty-four illus. Crown 8vo. Cloth, $1.50 net.
Heroes of Pioneering. By Rev. Edgar Sanderson, M.A.
Sixteen illustrations. Crown 8vo. Cloth, $1.50 net.
Adventures on the High Mountains. By Richard Stead,
B.A. Sixteen illustrations. Crown 8vo. Cloth, $1.50 net.
Adventures in Great Forests. By H. W.G. Hyrst. Sixteen
illustrations. Crown 8vo. Cloth, $1.50 net.
COMPANY
PHILADELPHIA


138
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
THE FALL ANNOUNCEMENTS OF
JOHN HARVARD AND HIS TIMES
By HENRY C. SHELLEY, author of Literary By-Paths in Old England.”
The first book to tell the life story of the founder of Harvard College. With a fresh and vigorous picture of the
people of his times. With 24 full-page plates. Crown 8vo, in box. $2.00 net.
ITALY, THE MAGIC LAND
By LILIAN WHITING, author of "The Land of Enchantment," etc.
Presents a living panorama of the comparatively modern past of Rome. With photogravure frontispiece and 32
full-page plates.
8vo, in box. $2.50 net.
THE MONGOLS
By JEREMIAH CURTIN
With Foreword by PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT
An important historical work, the result of years of labor, by a
recognized authority. 8vo. $3.00 net.
SOME NEGLECTED ASPECTS
OF WAR
By Captain A. T. MAHAN
Essays of vital interest on the subject of war and the peace
movement. By Capt. Mahan and others. Crown 8vo. $1.50 net.
THE DAUGHTER OF JORIO
By GABRIELE D'ANNUNZIO
Authorized edition of D'Annunzio's remarkable drama, trans-
lated by Charlotte Porter, Pietro Isola, and Alice Henry. With
introduction by Miss Porter.
Illustrations. 12mo. $1.50 net.
THE AMERICAN INDIAN AS A
PRODUCT OF ENVIRONMENT
By A. J. FYNN, Ph.D.
A comprehensive work on the evolution of the Indian.
Illustrated.
12mo. $1.50 net.
THE OPTIMIST'S GOOD
MORNING
By FLORENCE HOBART PERIN
A book of carefully selected morning prayers and quotations for
daily readings.
16mo, cloth, $1.00 net; white and gold, $1.25 net.
IN THE HARBOR OF HOPE
A BOOK OF POEMS
By MARY ELIZABETH BLAKE
16mo. $1.25 net.
THE WOMAN IN THE RAIN
AND OTHER POEMS
WHAT CAN A YOUNG MAN DO?
By HON. FRANK WEST ROLLINS
A book designed to aid ambitious boys.
12mo. $1.50 net.
By ARTHUR STRINGER
16mo. $1.25 net.
POCKET EDITIONS OF THE MASTERPIECES OF DUMAS AND
HUGO, AND THE NOVELS OF JANE AUSTEN
Handsome pocket volumes 65 x 45% (uniform with the Pocket Balzac), printed on light, thin but opaque paper, fully illustrated,
tastefully and durably bound. Price in cloth, gilt edges, $1.00 net, per volume; in limp morocco, gilt edges over carmine. $1.25 net
per volume. Any story sold separately as follows:
ALEXANDRE DUMAS: Marguerite de Valois, 1 vol. La Dame de Monsoreau, 1 vol. The Forty-Five, 1 vol.
The Three Musketeers, 2 vols. Twenty Years After, 2 vols. Vicomte de Bragelonne; or, Ten Years Later, 4 vols.
The Count of Monte Cristo, 3 vols.
VICTOR HUGO: Notre Dame, 2 vols. Les Misérables, 4 vols. Toilers of the Sea, 1 vol. The Man Who Laughs,
2 vols. Ninety-Three, 1 vol.
JANE AUSTEN : Sense and Sensibility, 1 vol. Pride and Prejudice, 1 vol. Mansfield Park, 1 vol. Emma, 1 vol.
Northanger Abbey and Persuasion, 1 vol. Lady Susan, etc., 1 vol.
Also, Pocket Editions of MARY W. TILESTON'S Daily Strength for Daily Needs and Prayers, Ancient and
Modern. Cloth, $1.25 net, each; limp morocco, edges gilt over carmine, $1.50 each.


1907.)
139
THE DIAL
LITTLE
BROWN, &
CO.,
BOSTON
A LOST LEADER
By E. PHILLIPS OPPENHEIM
“ His most striking novel.” — Boston Transcript.
“The most surprising of Mr. Oppenheim's novels.” -- New York Times.
Illustrated. $1.50.
THE WELDING
By LAFAYETTE MCLAWS
A strong novel of the North and South that appeals to
National pride.
$1.50.
THE NETHER MILLSTONE
By FRED M. WHITE
A surprising romance, replete with excitement. Illus-
trated.
$1.50.
SUSAN CLEGG AND A MAN IN THE HOUSE
By ANNE WARNER
The inimitable Susan takes Elijah Doxey for a boarder, with amusing consequences.
Illustrated by Alice Barber Stephens. $1.50.
BY NEVA'S WATERS
By JOHN R. CARLING
An absorbing Russian romance by the author of The Shadow
of the Czar.”
Illustrated. $1.50.
LORD CAMMARLEIGH'S
SECRET
By ROY HORNIMAN
A brilliantly told story with a fresh and audacious plot.
$1.50.
CRUISE OF THE MAKE-
BELIEVES
By TOM GALLON
A fascinating tale of a philanthropic young Englishman's
experiment.
Illustrated. $1.50.
AUNT JANE OF KENTUCKY
By ELIZA CALVERT HALL
Fifth printing of the delightful book recommended by President
Roosevelt.
Illustrated. $1.50.
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG
DAY: HER YEAR IN NEW YORK
NAPOLEON'S YOUNG
By ANNA CHAPIN RAY
NEIGHBOR
The third volume in the popular "Sidney” Series.
By HELEN LEAH REED
Illustrated, $1.50.
The charming story of Napoleon's friendship for a little girl.
Illustrated. $1.50.
BOYS OF THE BORDER BETTY BAIRD'S VENTURES
By MARY P. WELLS SMITH
By ANN HAMLIN WEIKEL
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A spirited story for girls by the author of "Betty Baird.”
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THE DIAMOND KING AND THE LITTLE MAN IN GRAY
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THEODORA
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The story of a little New York girl. Illustrated. $1.25.
DORCASTER DAYS
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LITTLE ME TOO
By JULIA DALRYMPLE
A captivating book for the very young. Illustrated.
JUDY
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The doings of a merry trio. Illustrated. $1.50.
STORY BOOK FRIENDS
By CLARA MURRAY
Stories for the child of seven. Illustrated in color. 50 cents.


140
[Sept. 16,
THE DIAL
JACOBS' NEW
LIST
Jay Cooke, Financier of the
Civil War
By Ellis Paxson OBERHOLTZER, Ph.D., auther of
, "Robert Morris, Patriot and Financier," Abraham
Lincoln." etc. 2 vols., Svo, cloth. Fully illustrated
from original sources.
Each set boxed. $7.50 net
A full and authorized biography of a remarkable man.
9
The Negro in the South
His Economic Progress in Relation to His Moral and
Religious Development. By BOOKER T. WASHINGTON
and W. E. BURGHARDT DUBOIS. 12mo, cloth.
$1.00 net
A discussion of the negro as he was in slavery and
gradually leading up to his condition to-day, with all its
questions and perplexing problems.
New Volumes in
Salesmanship, Deportment,
The American Crisis Biographies Series and System
By William A. CORBION, originally instructor in sales-
Frederick Douglass
manship, service, and conduct in the John Wanamaker
By BOOKER T. Washington, author of “Working Store. 12mo, cloth.
$1.00 net
With the Hands," "Up From Slavery,” etc. 12mo,
A text-book for department store service and sales-
cloth. With frontispiece portrait of Douglass.
people generally.
$1.25 net
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On Art and Artists
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