d a still better one
takes his own position. What he proposes is strict
in giving it away. An excellent biography of the
public regulation of the capitalization of the great
millionaire philanthropist was prepared a short time
corporations, the determination of a minimum rea-
before his death by Mr. Edward F. Williams, and
sonable profit, and a division between the corporation
it now appears, handsomely printed and illustrated,
and the State of profits in excess of the minimum.
from the Pilgrim Press. The first five of its seven-
This is really the radical position; in comparison
teen chapters follow Dr. Pearsons's progress along
with Mr. Fay, the Progressives are reactionaries.
the road to fortune, from the Vermont farm where
The book makes no pretence of scientific quality;
he was born of vigorous, hard-headed, kind-hearted
but it is none the less worthy of reading.
Yankee stock, to the Chicago home where he made
his presence felt as a power for good in the com-
Politics and A very interesting as well as useful munity. A few years of medical practice, six months
politicians
before the study in American history is Mr. of European travel, several seasons of public lectur-
Civil War. Emerson David Fite's “The Presi- ing, a short interval of farming, — these were some
dential Campaign of 1860” (Macmillan). The work of the miscellaneous activities of this versatile Ver-
is a compilation from contemporary newspapers,
monter by which he acquired that knowledge of the
congressional and campaign political speeches, party world and of human nature, and that control of him-
convention resolutions, and influential books such self, which contributed to his immediate and increas-
as Helper's “Impending Crisis." In a series of ing success as a dealer in Illinois prairie lands,
appendices Mr. Fite prints the party platforms, and Michigan timber tracts, and Chicago real estate,
one noted speech by a leading representative of each when in 1860 he took up his abode in the prospec-
of the four parties contesting the election. He also tive metropolis of the middle West and began to
freely expresses his own judgment of men, their pile up the millions that he took such pleasure after-
actions, and their arguments in the campaign. ward in dissipating for the benefit of humanity. The
Douglas stands out as a powerful and fascinating last twenty years, and more, of his life were de-
personality, in spite of his inconsistencies and self voted to this task of averting the disgrace of dying
seeking; while the position and influence of Yancey rich; and the world already knows, in a general
are emphasized, for Yancey's importance as a leading way, how well the task was performed. The de-
Southern irreconcilable has long been underestimated. tails, both of the up-building and of the down-pulling
The moral issues of the controversy are not subor of Dr. Pearsons's large fortune, with some graphic
dinated, but other questions are given their proper im- touches in the way of a more intimate portrayal of
portance. Mr. Fite's general attitude on the campaign the man himself, are to be found in Mr. Williams's
is well stated in the Introduction, when summarizing interesting book. The illustrations consist mainly
his view of the Civil War itself. “In the last analysis of portraits of Dr. Pearsons.


1912.)
401
THE DIAL
A seventeenth
century beauty.
Some charming
The little volume entitled " Leaflets blameworthy, he only has to reach a certain degree of
studies from from Italy” (Putnam), by M. Nat- public attention to be douched with the vile outpour-
Italian history. aline Crumpton, contains four essays, ings of a cesspool, or blinded by the volcanic lava of
of which the last one was completed just before the jealousy and spite. The individual who yearns
for
author's death, last June. The essays have been fame had better first well calculate his power to en-
edited for the press by the writer's sister, Margaret L. dure its concomitants !” The writer's assertion that,
C. Nicola. They constitute one of the most fragrant in literary censorship, “ both legal and literary skill”
and delightful volumes of foreign studies recently are needed in order to determine the decency or in-
published. Particularly charming is the first and decency of certain problem novels, is a little amusing,
most considerable section of the book, — an account at least to a reader not educated in a law school or
of the Roman Empress Galla Placidia, growing out law office. A few pages of the book might well have
of a mention of her mausoleum in Ravenna. The been devoted to a consideration of the lamentable
skill with which that interesting woman's part in the lot of the innocent man unjustly accused and brought
wild tangle of fifth century Roman affairs is picked to trial, even though he be acquitted. No adequate
out and set together into a clear and interesting story redress for his grievances has ever been found. A
amounts almost to genius. The second essay is an critical reviewer must note with surprise that Mr.
almost equally pleasant account of the life of Santa Chester, with all his “legal and literary skill,” and
Monica, mother of St. Augustine. Then comes a with his logical habit of mind, does not refrain
scanty history of the worship of Cybele in Italy; from using the absurd and indefensible expression,
and last a study of Genoa, which savors too much “equally as good as.”
of the guide-book to have the charm of the earlier
sketches, but which has its own interest, and which
In his opening chapter of “My Lady
is supplemented by a long list of “Notable Doorways
Castlemaine” (Estes) Mr. Philip W.
and Reliefs in Genoa.” From first page to last it
Sergeant says: “If her bodily loveli-
is vividly evident, for all the quiet restraint of the
ness was universally recognized in her lifetime and
presentation, that the work is a labor of love and a is incontestable to-day, her moral character was a
careful selection from the data of long and rich expe- byword while she lived and has never found an
rience and extensive knowledge. Readers who have apologist since her death”; and in closing he says:
never seen Italy, or who have not even the most ele-
Barbara Villiers is scarcely likely to be forgotten
mentary knowledge of Italian and Roman history,
while the combination of a face of eminent beauty
are not confused or embarrassed by obscure allusions ;
and the heart of an utter rake has any attraction for
and yet there is such a genuinely personal touch in
weak mankind.” Such portion of weak mankind as
the narrative that the traveller and the scholar will
cares to read the latest and most elaborate account
not fail to find pleasure in following through its
of Barbara Villiers, Countess of Castlemaine and
tantalizingly small number of pages. It is a pity
afterward Duchess of Cleveland, chiefly renowned
that this sympathetic student of things Italian could
as recipient of certain royal attentions from Charles
not have lived to give us many more such volumes. II., will find Mr. Sergeant's book all that could be
desired in its way. The beautiful Barbara bas already
The law's In one of his poems Pope has uttered figured in Mr. Alfred Kalisch's " Lives of Twelve
delays and “curse on all laws but those which
Bad Women,” also in Mr. Allan Fea's “Some Beau-
other verations. love has made.” Many another, both ties of the Seventeenth Century,” and more promi-
before and since, has felt impelled to deplore the nently in Mr. G. S. Steinman's privately-printed
injustice of man-made laws. Some of the considera “ Memoir” of her ladyship, while the honor has even
tions that induce this state of mind in a thoughtful been accorded her of a place in the “Dictionary of
person are well set forth by Mr. Samuel Beach National Biography.” The gossip-loving Pepys, too,
Chester, of the Middle Temple, in a readable book mentions her frequently in his Diary; and as he
entitled “Anomalies of the Law,” published in this records an instance of kindness on her part toward
country by Messrs. Little, Brown & Co. A quota a child, we must conclude that she was not wholly
tion from Charles Lever, satirizing barristers, serves bad. Nine portraits of her, from paintings by Lely,
as introduction to the author's treatment of legal | Kneller, and others, with ten other portraits, illus-
anomalies connected with divorce, death and burial, trate the book, which also has a ten-page index and
wills, libel and slander, imprisonment for debt, the twenty-three pages of bibliographical and explanatory
need for the right of property in surnames, literary notes. On the whole, it is clear that the author be-
censorship, capital punishment, murder and suicide, lieved the biography of even an “utter rake” worth
legitimation, criminal appeal, client, solicitor and doing well, if worth doing at all.
counsel, the morality bill, accession, and coronation
oaths and declarations. A pertinent passage for quo-
More about
What substantial good did Joan of
tation at this time is the following, from the chapter
Arc accomplish? Henry VI. would
on libel and slander: “To be a popular or a cele-
of Orleans. have ruled France quite as efficiently
brated figure at the present day is to be the target for as the foolish and ungrateful Charles VII.; and, with
every form of foul abuse, criminal concoctions and all its faults, the English civilization of the fifteenth
cruel lies. Whether a person's life is blameless or century was so vastly superior to that of France
a
the Vaid


402
[May 16,
THE DIAL
that an English protectorate might have been a dis-
BRIEFER MENTION.
tinct gain. Such is the thesis upheld by Lieutenant
Colonel Andrew C. P. Haggard in his new book A treasure-house of fascinating material for the biblio-
entitled “The France of Joan of Arc” (Lane). The
maniac is brought together in Mr. R. M. Leonard's
raising of the siege of Orleans, he maintains, would
“Book-Lover's Anthology" (Henry Frowde). Quota-
tions from some two hundred authors, dealing with every
have come of necessity in a few days or weeks, since
phase of books and reading, are embodied in the four
the English were reduced in numbers till the siege
hundred
pages
of the collection. It forms a worthy suc-
had become a farce, and were losing ground every cessor to the well-known “Book-Lover's Enchiridion "
day. Joan, in his opinion, did nothing that cannot compiled by Alexander Ireland many years ago, and
be adequately explained by the magnetism of a long since out of print.
strong and enthusiastic nature, aided by the bound Mr. Robert Haven Schauffler's “Our American Holi-
less superstition of the time. Aside from this de days " series is now continued by volumes on “Flag Day"
limitation of her work and influence, the book is the and “Independence Day” (Moffat). The earlier volumes
conventional eulogistic life of the Maid; told, it
of this series have been acclaimed with delight by school
must be admitted, in erratic and sometimes puzzling
teachers the country over, and there is no reason to think
that the new ones will prove any less popular. Nothing
English, and with little skill in perspective. As the
is harder than to get up a school celebration without
title indicates, Colonel Haggard is undertaking to
help of this sort; with such assistance, it becomes an
present a general view of conditions in France in
inspiration and a pleasure.
Joan's time, and not simply a life of the devoted
We can hardly imagine any great demand for a
Maid herself. His method of accomplishing this “ Russian Year Book” among American and English
ambitious purpose has been simply to begin with the readers, but Dr. Howard P. Kennard seems to have be-
year 1380 and chronicle events in somewhat con lieved such a demand to exist, since he has compiled a
fused detail till the day of Joan's death — then to reference work of this type, which now appears for the
stop abruptly. Since Joan's activities did not begin
second year, and bids fair to be continued annually.
till 1429 it follows that the account of her work
For those who want the sort of information it contains, it
occupies a small part of the book, --somewhat more
will doubtless be found of the highest value. The
Messrs. Macmillan are the publishers.
than one-fourth. She is mentioned only once or
Miss Alice M. Atkinson is the author of a reading-
twice in the narrative that precedes. On the wbole, book for children on “The European Beginnings of
it is difficult to see in what sense the book is an ad-
American History” (Ginn) which deserves hearty com-
dition to the literature of the subject. As a his mendation. Most of our young people approach the
torical document it has little value; as a literary history of their own country without any background at
work it is extremely defective; and it is not always all, and this volume supplies just what they need. It
either easy or interesting to read.
offers a brief and readable survey of European history
from the history of Rome down to the Elizabethan times
Dr. George W. Jacoby's “Sugges-
which are commonly taken as the starting-point of our
tion and Psychotherapy" (Scribner)
own annals. A few chapter-titles are as follows: “The
will promptly be assigned a fav
Romans in Britain," "The Vikings," "Country People
in the Middle Ages," “ The Black Death and the Labor
able place among the increasing number of books
Troubles,” “The New World,” and “ English Seamen.”
aiming to enlighten the public upon the theory and
These will give some slight idea of the richness of in-
practice of the mind's share in health and disease.
terest offered by the book.
The writer shows a clear conception of his subject, The same careful attention to every practical detail
and takes a judicial yet firm stand in regard to the that has made so useful the previous issues of the “ Mod-
debatable points in this field. For this reason it is ern American Library Economy Series" marks also the
the more to be regretted that he has conceived his latest number published, which bears for its sub-title,
task so conventionally, and, as a consequence, has Large Pictures, Educational and Decorative," being
produced a book lacking in distinctive traits. At best Section I. of Part VI., “ Art Department.” The authors
only the last third of the book reflects practical in-
of the pamphlet are Miss Marjary L. Gilson and Mr.
sight, and sets forth the problems of close concern
John Cotton Dana. A previous number of the series,
entitled “ The Picture Collection," has described these
to the art of mental therapy. The manner of state-
wall pictures used by the Newark Public Library in its
ment is clear and convincing, describing the several work and for the ornamentation of its rooms, and the
procedures of hypnosis, suggestion, persuasive en publication now issued is devoted chiefly to a descrip-
couragement, the removal of mental obstruction, tion of the routine business of selecting, ordering, mount-
psycho-analysis, and the place of these in medical ing, storing, and exhibiting the pictures, with a classified
therapy, and their use and abuse in faith
cure,
list of those owned by the Newark library, and also a list
Christian Science, and the like. These procedures
of dealers in such pictures. Details of size and price, with
Dr. Jacoby discusses, not as a panacea, but as the
other useful information, are not lacking, and numer-
equipment of an art, possessing, like all arts, the
ous half-tone illustrations supplement the printed mat-
ter. The Newark library is exceptionally well-equipped
possibility of danger as well as benefit. The rest of
in its department of lithographs and other inexpensive
the volume discusses discursively the psychology of illustrations for educational work, and is therefore quali-
suggestion and the history of mental practice, which,
fied to issue a remarkably useful manual for the guid-
although pertinent enough, is already available in ance of others in this branch of library activity. The
many another volume.
Elm Tree Press publishes this series.
The mind's
share in health
and disease.
66


1912.]
403
THE DIAL
and with Introduction by Mr. William Aspenwall Brad-
ley; Albrecht Dürer's “ Journeys to Venice and to the
Low Countries,” edited by Mr. Roger Fry; Pico della
Mirandola's “ A Platonick Discourse upon Love,” trans-
lated by Mr. Thomas Stanley and edited by Mr. Edmund
G. Gardner; Giovanni della Casa's “The Galateo: Of
Manners and Behaviour," edited by Dr. J. E. Spingarn.
As in the case of the first four volumes issued in this
series, the editions of the volumes in the second group
will be limited to the number of subscriptions received
before publication.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 110 titles, includes books
eceived by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
NOTES.
Sarah Grand, it is reported, has just completed a new
novel, which will appear in the autumn under the title
of “ Adam's Orchard.”
The addresses recently delivered by Hon. Whitelaw
Reid before the Edinburgh Philosophical Institution are
soon to be issued in book form.
Mr. Richard Washburn Child has recently completed
a novel, entitled “The Blue Wall,” which Houghton
Mifflin Co. will publish next month.
“ Chronicles of Avonlea," the new book by Miss
L. M. Montgomery, author of " Anne of Green Gables,”
will be published early next month by Messrs. L. C. Page
& Co.
Beginning in August next, Mr. Mitchell Kennerley
announces that he will publish a new volume of original
poetry the first of every month, and he invites annual
subscribers at a special before-publication" price. Mr.
Kennerley makes the statement that none of these vol-
umes will be published at the author's expense.
It is reported that suit for libel has been brought by
Lord Alfred Douglas against Mr. Arthur Ransome, the
author of “Oscar Wilde, a Critical Study,” recently
published in this country by Mr. Mitchell Kennerley.
Papers have already been prepared in the case, and Mr.
Ransome's book withdrawn by the London publisher.
The editing of Meredith's letters has been reluctantly
relinquished by Lord Morley, whom the pressure of
public duties forces to suspend the congenial task he had
begun and had hoped to finish. The Meredith family,
it is reported, will not ask anyone else to take up the
interrupted work, but will themselves continue the edit-
ing of the letters and supply the necessary notes.
An important study in a hitherto neglected field is
announced by Messrs. Longmans, Green & Co. in Mr.
Julius B. Cohen's volame entitled “Smoke: A Study of
Town Air.” How the growth of vegetation is stunted,
daylight diminished, and the death rate increased in
various sooty communities is shown in this book by tab-
ulations and photographs. The economic aspect of the
smoke problem is principally discussed.
Three volumes of considerable current importance to
be published shortly by the Macmillan Co. are: “Gov-
ernment by All the People; or, The Iniatiative, Ref-
erendum, and Recall as Instruments of Democracy,” by
Dr. Delos F. Wilcox; “The Supreme Court and the
Constitution,” by Mr. Charles A. Beard; and “Con-
centration and Control: A Solution of the Trust Problem
in the United States,” by President C. R. Van Hise.
Four hitherto unannounced volumes to be published
immediately by Messrs. E. P. Dutton & Co. are the fol-
lowing: “The Last Legitimate King of France,” an
account of Louis XVII. of France and his mystery, by
Phoebe Allen; “Woman Adrift,” by Mr. Harold Owen,
another of the vain attempts to sweep back the inevitable
tide of woman suffrage; “ The Romance of Words,” by
Professor Ernest Weekly; and “The Quest of Glory,'
an historical romance of the time of Louis XV. of
France, by Miss Marjorie Bowen.
Mr. D. B. Updike, of The Merrymount Press, Bos-
ton, announces the publication of a second group of
books in “ The Humanist's Library,” under the editor-
ship of Mr. Lewis Einstein, author of “The Italian
Renaissance in England." The four volumes that will
make up this second group are as follows: “Correspon-
dence of Hubert Languet and Sir Philip Sidney,” edited
BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES.
Henry Demarest Lloyd, 1847-1903: A Biography.
By Caro Lloyd; with Introduction by Charles
Edward Russell. In 2 volumes, illustrated in
photogravure, etc., large 8vo. G. P. Putnam's
Sons. $5. net.
A Great Russian Reallst (Feodor Dostoieffsky). By
J. A. T. Lloyd. With photogravure portrait, 8vo,
296 pages. John Lane Co. $3.50 net.
My Memoirs. By Marguerite Steinheil. Illustrated,
8vo, 484 pages. Sturgis & Walton Co. $3. net.
Recollections of a Court Painter. By H. Jones Thad-
deus. Illustrated in color, etc., 8vo, 328 pages.
John Lane Co. $3.50 net.
The Sisters of Lady Jane Grey and their Wicked
Grandfather. By Richard Davey. Illustrated,
8vo, 313 pages. E. P. Dutton & Co. $3. net.
William the Silent By Jack Collings Squire. Illus-
trated, 8vo, 319 pages. Baker & Taylor Co.
Edward Fitzgerald Beale: A Pioneer in the Path of
Empire (1822-1903). By Stephen Bonsal. Illus-
trated, 8vo, 312 pages. G. P. Putnam's Sons, $2. net.
General Joseph Wheeler and The Army of Tennes-
see. By John Witherspoon DuBose. Illustrated,
8vo, 476 pages.
New York: Neale Publishing Co.
$3. net.
At the Court of His Catholic Majesty. By William
Miller Collier. Illustrated, 8vo, 330 pages. A. C.
McClurg & Co. $2, net.
Fifty Years in Oregon. By T. T. Geer. Illustrated,
8vo, 536 pages.
New York: Neale Publishing Co.
$3. net.
A Captain Unafraid: The Strange Adventures of Dy-
namite Johnny O'Brien, as set down by Horace
Smith. With portrait, 12mo, 296 pages. Harper
& Brothers. $11..25 net.
Woodrow Wilson: The Story of his Life. By Wil-
liam Bayard Hale. Illustrated, 12mo, 233 pages.
Doubleday, Page & Co. Paper, 50 cts, net.
HISTORY.
The Contest for California in 1861: How Colonel E.
D. Baker Saved the Pacific States to the Union.
By Elijah R. Kennedy. Illustrated in photogray-
ure, etc., 8vo., 361 pages. Houghton Mifflin Co.
$2.25 net.
A History of the Eastern Roman Empire from the
Fall of Irene to the Accession of Basil I. (A. D.
802-867). By J. D. Bury. 8vo, 530 pages. Mac-
millan Co. $4. net.
The War of the 'Sixties. Compiled by E. R. Hutch-
ins. 8vo, 490 pages. New York: Neale Publish-
ing Co. $3. net.
History of the People of the Netherlands. By Pe-
trus Johannes Blok. Part V., Eighteenth and
Nineteenth centuries; translated by Oscar A.
Bierstadt. With maps, large 8vo, 550 pages. G.
P. Putnam's Sons. $2.50 net.
The Last Episode of the French Revolution: Being a
History of Gracchus Babeuf and the Conspiracy
of the Equals. By Ernest Belfort Bax. Illus-
trated, 8vo, 271 pages. Small, Maynard & Co.
$1.50 net.


404
[May 16,
THE DIAL
The British West Indies: Their History, Resources,
and Progress. By Algernon E. Aspinall. Illus-
trated, 8vo, 435 pages. "All Red British Empire
Series." Little, Brown & Co. $3. net.
The Abolition Crusade and Its Consequences: Four
Periods of American History. By Hilary A. Her-
bert, LL. D. 12mo, 249 pages. Charles Scrib-
ner's Sons. $1. net.
The Chinese Revolution. By Arthur Judson Brown.
With frontispiece, 12mo, 217 pages. New York:
Student Volunteer Movement. 75 cts. net.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
Modern English Books of Power. By George Ham-
lin Fitch. Illustrated, 16mo, 173 pages. San
Francisco: Paul Elder & Co. $1.50 net.
Idylls of Fishermeni A History of the Literary Spe-
cies, By Henry Marion Hall, Ph. D. 12mo, 216
pages. “Studies in Comparative Literature."
Columbia University Press. $1.50 net.
A Book of Scoundrels. By Charles Whibley. New
edition; 12mo, 287 pages. E. P. Dutton & Co.
$1.50 net.
Materials for a Study of Spenser's Theory of Fine
Art. By Ida Langdon, M. A. 8vo, 118 pages.
Ithaca: Printed for the author. Paper.
Ancient Jewish Proverbs. Compiled and classified
by Rev. A. Cohen. 16mo, 127 pages. “Wisdom
of the East Series." E. P. Dutton & Co, 60 cts. net.
NEW EDITIONS OF STANDARD LITERATURE.
The Complete Works of Sir Philip Sidney. Edited
by Albert Feuillerat. Volume I., The Comtesse
of Pembroke's Arcadia. 12mo, 571 pages. "Cam-
bridge English Classics." G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$1.50 net.
King John. Edited by F. J. Furnivall, M. A.; with
Introduction by F. W. Clarke M. A. 12mo, 78
pages. "The Shakespeare Library." Duffield & Co.
Dombey and Son. By Charles Dickens. Illustrated
in color, 8vo, 1006 pages. Oxford University
Press.
Letters of Robert Southey. Edited, with Introduc-
tion and Notes, by Maurice H. Fitzgerald. With
portrait, 16mo, 552 pages. "World's Classics."
Oxford University Press.
The Guests of Hercules. By C. N. and A. M. Wil-
liamson. Illustrated in color, 12mo, 633 pages.
Doubleday, Page & Co. $1.35 net.
Fate Knocks at the Door. By Will Levington Com-
fort. With frontispiece in color, 12mo, 374 pages.
J. B. Lippincott Co. $1.25 net.
The Favor of Kings. By Mary Hastings Bradley.
Illustrated, 12mo, 388 pages. D. Appleton & Co.
$1.30 net.
The Nets: Scenes from Paris Life. By Stuart Henry.
12mo, 346 pages.
Brentanos. $1.25 net.
The Snake. By F. Inglis Powell. 12mo, 304 pages.
John Lane Co. $1.25 net.
Wide Courses. By James Brendan Connolly. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 336 pages. Charles Scribner's Sons.
$1.25 net.
The Sunken Submarine. By Captain Danrit. With
frontispiece, 12mo, 308 pages. Little, Brown &
Co.
$1.25 net.
Beggars and Sorners. By Allan McAulay. 12mo,
328 pages.
John Lane Co.
$1.25 t.
The Bachelor Dinner. By Olive M. Briggs. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 292 pages. Charles Scribner's Sons.
$1.25 net.
Unquenched Fire. By Alice Gerstenberg. 12mo,
417 pages. Small, Maynard & Co. $1.25 net.
Over the Pass. By Frederick Palmer. 12 mo, 438
pages.
Charles Scribner's Sons. $1.35 net.
The Ten-Thousand-Dollar Arm, and Other Tales of
the Big League. By Charles E. Van Loan. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 336 pages. Small, Maynard & Co.
$1.25 net.
Toby: A Novel of Kentucky. By Credo Harris.
12mo, 367 pages. Small, Maynard & Co. $1.25 net.
High Bradford. By Mary Rogers Bangs. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 223 pages. Houghton Mifflin Co.
$1.25 net.
Her Word of Honor. By Edith Macvane. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 289 pages. Little, Brown & Co.
$1.25 net.
A Chain of Evidence. By Carolyn Wells. Illus-
trated in color, 12mo, 324 pages. J. B. Lippincott
Co. $1.25 net.
The Malnspring. By Charles Agnew Maclean. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 313 pages. Little, Brown & Co.
$1.25 net.
The Devil's Wind. By Patricia Wentworth. 12mo,
427 pages.
G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.35 net.
The Marriage of Captain Kettle. By C. J. Cutcliffe
Hyne. Illustrated, 12mo, 373 pages. Bobbs-Mer-
rill Co. $1.25 net.
The Goodly Fellowship. By Rachel Capen Schauf-
fler. 12mo, 325 pages. Macmillan Co. $1.25 net.
The Minister of Police. By Henry Mountjoy, Illus-
trated, 12mo, 408 pages. Bobbs-Merrill Co.
$1.25 net.
Georgette. By Marion Hill, 12mo, 372 pages.
Small, Maynard & Co. $1.25 net.
The House of Chance. By Gertie De S. Wentworth-
James. 12mo, 305 pages. New York: William
Rickey & Co. $1.25 net.
The Blind Road. By Hugh Gordon. With frontis-
piece in color, 12mo, 285 pages. Moffat, Yard &
Co. $1.20 net.
Träumerei. By Leona Dalrymple. Illustrated, 12mo,
379 pages.
McBride, Nast & Co. $1.35 net.
The Broken Bell. By Marie Van Vorst. Illustrated,
12mo, 277 pages. Bobbs-Merrill Co. $1. net.
The Bantam. By Brewer Corcoran. With frontis-
piece, 12mo, 254 pages. Harper & Brothers.
$1. net.
The Mission of Victoria Wilhelmina. By Jeanne
Bartholow Magoun, 12mo, 146 pages. B. W.
Huebsch. $1. net.
Rory of Willow Beach. By Valance Patriarche. Il-
lustrated in color, 12mo, 196 pages. Cassell &
Co. $1. net.
The Prison-Flower: A Romance of the Consulate
and Empire. By Romaine Callender. With fron-
tispiece, 12mo, 264 pages. Boston: Richard G.
Badger. $1.50 net.
The Story of a Doctor's Telephone-Told by His
Wife, By Ellen M. Firebaugh. 12mo, 239 pages.
Boston: Roxburgh Publishing Co. $1.25.
DRAMA AND VERSE.
Womenkind. By Wilfrid Wilson Gibson. 12mo, 39
pages. Macmillan Co. $1. net.
The Sonnets and Ballate of Guido Cavalcanti. With
Translation and Introduction by Ezra Pound.
12mo, 119 pages. Small, Maynard & Co.
Sons of God and Daughters of Men. By Gertrude
Helena Urban. 12mo, 68 pages. Sherman, French
& Co. $1. net.
The Dear Saint Elizabeth. By Eliza O'B. Lummis.
With frontispiece, 12mo, 68 pages. Boston: Rich-
ard G. Badger.
Drake in California: Ballads and Poems. By Her-
man Scheffauer. 16mo, 89 pages.
London: A. C.
Fifield.
Contemporary French Poetry. Selected and trans-
lated by Jethro Bithell. 18mo, 227 pages. "The
Canterbury Poets.” London: Walter Scott Pub-
lishing Co., Ltd.
FICTION.
Julia France and her Times. By Gertrude Atherton.
12mo, 533 pages.
Macmillan Co. $1.35 net.
Molly McDonald: A Tale of the old Frontier. By
Randall Parrish. Illustrated in color, 12mo, 404
pages. A. C. McClurg & Co. $1.35 net.
The Fall Guy. By Brand Whitlock. 12mo, 382
pages. Bobbs-Merrill Co $1.25 net.
The Fighting Blade. By Beulah Marie Dix. With
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The Under Trail. By Anna Alice Chapin. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 374 pages. Little, Brown & Co.
$1.25 net.
The Lure. By E. S. Stevens. 12mo, 367 pages. John
Lane Co. $1.30 net.
The Postmaster. By Joseph C. Lincoln. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 317 pages, D. Appleton & Co.
$1.30 net.


1912.]
405
THE DIAL
An Examination of the Philosophy of the Unknow-
able, as Expounded by Herbert Spencer. By Wil-
liam M. Lacy. New edition; 8vo, 235 pages.
Philadelphia: Sherman & Co.
a
REFERENCE BOOKS.
Best Books: A Reader's Guide to the Choice of the
Best Available Books. By William Swan Sonnen-
schein. Part II, Classes D and E: Society,
Geography, Ethnology, Travel, and Topography.
Revised edition, 4to, 604 pages. G. P. Putnam's
Sons. $3.50 net.
A Kipling Dictionary: Including the Characters and
Scenes in his Stories and Poems, 1886-1911. By
W, Arthur Young. Large 8vo, 231 pages. E. P.
Dutton & Co. $3, net.
Christian Epigraphy: An Elementary Treatise with
Collecton of Ancient Christian Inscriptions
mainly of Roman Origin. By Orazio Marucchi;
translated by J. Armine Willis. 16mo, 460 pages.
G. P. Putnam's Sons. $3. net.
Library Work, Cumulated. 1905-1911: A Bibliogra-
phy and Digest of Library Literature. Edited by
Anne Lorraine Guthrie. Large 8vo, 409 pages.
Minneapolis: H. W. Wilson Co. $ 4. net.
What Books to Read and How to Read. By David
Pryde, LL. D. New edition, with Introduction
and Classified Lists of over 1700 Books in An-
cient and Modern Literatures, by Francis W. Hal-
sey. Illustrated, 12mo, 204 pages. Funk & Wag-
nalls Co. 75 cts net.
Manual of Navigation Laws: An Historical Sum-
mary of the Codes of the Maritime Nations. By
Edwin M. Bacon. 16mo, 81 pages. A. C. McClurg
& Co. 50 cts. net.
The Light of the Vision. By Christian Reid. 12mo,
362 pages. Notre Dame: Ave Maria. $1.25 net.
The Last of the Puritans: The Story of Benjamin
Gilbert and his Friends. By Frederic P. Ladd.
Illustrated, 12mo, 240 pages. New York: F. M.
Lupton. $1. net.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION.
port in Vancouver and Newfoundland. By Sir
John Rogers, K. C. M. G. Illustrated, 8vo, 275
pages. E. P. Dutton & Co. $2.50 net.
Animal Life in Africa. By Major J. Stevenson-Ham-
ilton; with Foreword by Theodore Roosevelt.
Illustrated, large 8vo, 539 pages. E. P. Dutton
& Co. $5. net.
A Woman's Winter in South America. By Charlotte
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Maynard & Co.
How to Visit the English Cathedrals. By Esther
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Oxford Mountaineering Essays. Edited by Arnold
H. M. Lunn.' 12mo, 237 pages. Longmans, Green
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West London. By G. F. Bosworth, F. R. G. S. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 267 pages. "Cambridge County
Geographies." G. P. Putnam's Sons. 45 cts. net.
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trated, 12mo, 256 pages. "Cambridge County
Geographies." G. P. Putnam's Sons. 45 cts, net.
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Wisconsin: An Experiment in Democracy. By Fred-
eric C. Howe, Ph. D. 12mo, 202 pages. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $1.25 net.
The Regulation of Municipal Utilities. Edited by
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“National Municipal League Series." D. Apple-
ton & Co. $1.50 net.
Stories of the Great Railroads. By Charles Edward
Russell. 12mo, 332 pages. Chicago: Charles H.
Kerr Co. $1. net.
South American Problems. By Robert E. Speer.
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dent Volunteer Movement. 75 cts. net.
The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man. 12mo,
217 pages.
Sherman, French & Co. $1.20 net.
China in Transformation, By Archibald R. Colqu-
houn. New and revised edition; with maps,
12mo, 298 pages. Harper & Brothers. $1.50 net.
RELIGION AND THEOLOGY.
The Sources of Religious Insight. By Josiah Royce,
Ph. D. 12mo, 297 pages. Charles Scribner's Sons.
$1.25 net.
The Religions of Modern Syrla and Palestine. By
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Themis: A Study of_the Social Origins of Greek Re-
ligion. By Jane Ellen Harrison; with an excursus
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of the Olympic Games, by F. M. Cornford. Illus-
trated, 8vo, 559 pages. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$5. net.
A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Book
of Isaiah. By George Buchanan Gray, D. D., and
Arthur S. Peake, D. D. Vol. I., Introduction, andi
Commentary on I.-XXVII. With maps, 8vo, 472
pages.
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pages. Charles Scribner's Sons.
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Life's Response to Consciousness. By Miriam I.
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Prehistoric Thessaly: Being Some Account of Re-
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The Revival of Printing: A Bibliographical Cata-
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London: Philip Lee
Warner.
Eloquence: Counsel on the Art of Public Speaking.
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The Art of Effective Public Speaking. By Ernest
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$1.25 net.
Games and Dances: A Selected Collection of Games,
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Working One's Way through College and Univer-
sity. By Calvin Dill Wilson. 12mo, 381 pages.
A. C. McClurg & Co. $1. net.
Modern American Library Economy as Illustrated
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406
[May 16,
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THE DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
No. 623.
JUNE 1, 1912.
Vol. LII.
.
.
• 428
CONTENTS.
PAGE
ON READING OUT-OF-DOORS. Norman Foerster 419
CASUAL COMMENT
421
The decline of the small bookshop. - How to read
one hundred books a day.- President Hibben's con-
ception of a liberal education.-Contributors to "The
Lyric Year.” — The rehabilitation of soiled library
books. – The literary bent. - A postscript to “The
Promised Land."— The limit of forbearance toward
book-thieves.--A good word for American journalism.
The sale of the second part of the Huth library.-An
authors' union. — Literary parallels. — A linguistic
prodigy.- A genuinely American literary shrine.
SOME OUTDOOR PHILOSOPHERS. May Estelle Cook 424
Kirkham's Outdoor Philosophy.-Blatchley's Wood-
land Idyls.- Edwardes's Neighbourhood. — Miss
Woodbridge's The Jonathan Papers.
THE LURE OF THE GARDEN. Sara Andrew Shafer 426
Miss Agar's Garden Design in Theory and Practice.
-Rexford's Amateur Gardencraft. - Miss Rion's
Let's Make a Flower Garden.- Wright's Popular
Garden Flowers. - Mrs. Drennan's Everblooming
Roses.- Saylor's Making a Rose Garden.
IN THE WONDERLAND OF TRAVEL. Percy F.
Bicknell
Traveller's Tales, by “The Princess.” — Murphy's
Three Wonderlands of the American West.-Muir's
The Yosemite.- Wallace's Saddle and Camp in the
Rockies - Abraham's The Surgeon's Log.-Jaekel's
Windmills and Wooden Shoes. - Miss Travers's Let-
ters from Finland. - Mrs. Mason's The Spell of
France. - Thomas-Stanford's About Algeria.- Phil-
limore's In the Carpathians.
NEW LIGHT ON THE DARK CONTINENT.
Charles Atwood Kofoid
431
Goodrich's Africa of To-Day. – Hodson's Trekking
the Great Thirst. — Miss Roby's My Adventures in
the Congo. – Barnes's Babes in the African Wood.
-Stevenson-Hamilton's Animal Life in Africa. –
Tremearne's The Tailed Head-Hunters of Nigeria.-
Haywood's Through Timbuctoo and across the Great
Sahara.- Mrs. Gaunt's Alone in West Africa,
RECENT FICTION. William Morton Payne 433
Mrs. Bradley's The Favor of Kings.-Miss Canfield's
The Squirrel Cage.-Scott's Counsel for the Defense.
-Comfort's Fate Knocks at the Door.-Serviss's The
Second Deluge.--Scott's The Last Try. Stevenson's
The Mystery of the Boule Cabinet. - Merrick's The
Position of Peggy.- Merrick's The Actor-Manager.
- Birmingham's The Simpkins Plot.
VARIOUS BOOKS FOR SUMMER READING 437
Outdoor scenes and thoughts from Whitman.-
Essays in idleness. - For the traveller in Italy. -A
hand-book of American forestry. - The book of
Moths and Butterflies. - An incautious cicerone. -
Wild birds in their haunts.
BRIEFER MENTION
440
NOTES ..
441
TOPICS IN JUNE PERIODICALS
442
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
443
ON READING OUT-OF-DOORS.
In proportion as people cling to the city, they
long for what they call “God's out-of-doors."
To-day people are clinging to the city desper-
ately, for nowhere else is the flux of life so en-
chantingly fluid, nowhere else the élan vital so
intoxicatingly urgent. But when the force of
the current brings weariness and satiety, as it
does from time to time, they yearn for the simple
joys of the countryside — pure air, restful green
meadows, cow's-milk that is still warm, and a
book of verses underneath the bough. Some of
them, indeed, the weariest and the most frivol-
ous, would prefer to the book of verses a novel
advertised as one of the “best sellers.” But
with the inveterate readers of light fiction -
those who are unable to read with pleasure any.
thing else — we have not here to do. We shall
find it more profitable to consider the case of
those who take with them, on week-end journeys
and summer vacations, a copy, let us say, of
“ Hamlet,” or “ Pendennis,” or “ Prometheus
Unbound," or the “Oxford Book of English
scant Verse.” And let us assume (what we have
warrant for assuming) that the readers of such
books as these are interested, not in having
read them, not in attaining a sweet oblivion,
but in deriving from them a solid and elevating
pleasure.
To readers of this sort, who are, we trust,
more abundant than they seem to be, reading
out-of-doors generally means an unfulfilled inten-
tion. On departing from the city for a ramble
in the woods or over the hills, or on leaving the
summer hotel for a stroll to a particularly pleasant
spot, they thrust into their pockets or perfumed
hand-bags the copy of “Hamlet,” “ Pendennis,”
or what not; and they return having read only
a few pages or nothing at all; with the result,
finally, that the book is worn, stained, full of
four-leaf clovers and little stray insects, and —
unread. Bluntly and in brief, the out-door
reader does not read.
Why? The reason is, I think, not far to seek.
Books are made by man, who vitalizes them with
his sensuous, moral, and intellectual faculties;
and whoever reads a book wisely concentrates
upon it his whole experience and aspiration, his
sensuous, moral, and intellectual faculties. As
.
.
.


420
[June 1,
THE DIAL
the writer, so the reader. In the privacy of the than we seem to be to-day of the treachery of
library on a winter evening, this concentration nature's “ solitudes."
is readily attained, and it is accompanied with « But nature is not solitude:
that glow of full life which Faust's Famulus She crowds us with her thronging wood;
described:
Her many hands reach out to us,
“Da werden Winternächte hold und schön,
She will not leave our senses still,
Ein selig Leben wärmet alle Glieder.”
But drags them captive at her will."
But in the teeming publicity of outer nature on You may resist the blandishments of nature,
a summer afternoon, this concentration is well but you cannot—whether you "love" nature
nigh impossible: the moral and intellectual facul-
or are indifferent to her — exclude them alto-
ties are dormant,— æstivating, so to speak; and gether from your consciousness.
the happy glow, if one glows at all, is predom-
Reading after a walk in the country is quite
inantly sensuous, as of a snake luxuriating in
another matter. Partly as a result of our phy-
the sun.
The plane of intelligence is lowered sical exertion, partly as a result of the poise
from that of man as a human creature to that and the keenness of our faculties that nature's
of man as an animal. That side of man which healing power brings, we find ourselves unus-
is related with the placidity of nature flourishes ually alert and receptive. “It is at night, and
at the expense of the side of man which is, so after dinner,” Stevenson wrote in “Walking
far as we know, peculiar to man. It would, of Tours," that the best hour comes." Tobacco
course, be absurd to maintain that this decline in and grog were never so satisfying, he goes
the dignity of man is never desirable: the heal-
on to say; and if you read a book, "you find
ing power of nature inherent in her large equa-
the language strangely racy and harmonious;
nimity has been celebrated by countless poets, words take on a new meaning; single sentences
and is vaguely realized by everyone who seeks possess the ear for half an hour together; and
recreation out-of-doors. The pleasures that na the writer endears himself to you, at every page,
ture offers are legitimate, even though they are by the nicest coincidence of sentiment." Al.
inferior to some of our human pleasures. But though our critical judgment may suffer, we
it must not be forgotten that they are sensuous, read more receptively then than at any other
that they thrive while the distinctively human time; there may be hours when we read more
faculties slumber; and surely a good book, in- wisely, but there is no hour when we are more
tended to appeal to the whole of man, cannot be responsive, more quick to see the full meaning.
read to advantage by a part of man.
No doubt it is significant, in this connection, to
Readers who would resist the sensuous placid remember De Quincey's description of Words-
ity of nature meet with varying degrees of suc worth after the return of the poet from a long
cess. If you are versed in bird and insect lore, day's walk, when his eyes had “an appearance
you are utterly lost. Just as you turn the page, the most solemn and spiritual that it is possible
a red-eyed vireo is sure to come down from for the human eye to wear.”
the treetop above you to comment on your fool So difficult and so unsatisfactory is the habit
ishness with a series of peevish triplets : “What of reading out-of-doors, that we are justified, I
are you doing? Stop it now. Close the book. think, in calling it a fad. If we desire to ex-
Look at me”; a cardinal grosbeak or a great plain the attractiveness of the fad, it will be
crested flycatcher will break into the fragile difficult, unless we assume the air of apology
melody of your poet with an hilarious and some-
or charity, to avoid two conclusions: first, that
what derisive shout; and a little green bee, bur nature woos the sensuous faculties of man, his
nished and flashing in the sunlight as he buries lower faculties; second, that nature, unfriendly
himself in a pretty flower, will put to shame the to our intellectual faculty, reduces the mind to
dryad of your stanzas — for is he not real and a state of inactivity that we find agreeable. In
there? And if your book is Richard De Bury's large measure the popularity of nature's charms
little classic, you will no sooner read “at the is due to our distrust and dislike of the intel-
sting of the biting flea the sacred book is flung lect; we become, for better or worse,
aside” than a formidable mosquito will alight
“ too weak to bear
upon your neck and outrage your ego. Nature The insupportable fatigue of thought."
may, indeed, induce reverie; but she does not Might it not be well to eschew pocket editions
induce contemplation. Whittier, who wrote especially adapted to superficial reading out-of-
abundantly of woods and waters that minister doors, and to brood over our “Pendennis,”
“ the healing of their life,” was more aware “ Prometheus Unbound," and the rest at home,


1912.]
421
THE DIAL
in our libraries, where we are free to animate since then would surely bring the present total well
our whole self and not merely our sensuous self ? up toward the three-quarter-million mark, if not be-
Further, if we insist on the delightfulness of yond it. Allowing three hundred working days in
reading out-of-doors, let us carry to the stream the year, we find that to go through this stupendous
side and the pine-grove, not books that require
mass of printed matter at the rate of one hundred
prolonged concentration, but rather anthologies five years of toil; and meanwhile the accretions of
works (not volumes) a day would require twenty-
and brief essays,—the wafers of the mind rather
that quarter-century would be piling up as another
than the staff of life. Then let us munch and
Hercules-task for the reader. But luckily ninety-nine
ruminate as thoughtfully as the singing birds hundredths of what is published in the literature of
and buzzing insects will permit.
knowledge soon becomes superseded by later re-
NORMAN FOERSTER. searches, and fully forty-nine fiftieths of the litera-
ture of power speedily ceases to appeal with any
living interest to the great mass of readers, or even
CASUAL COMMENT.
to any single reader. Therefore the problem of mas-
tering the literature of our own tongue reduces itself
THE DECLINE OF THE SMALL BOOKSHOP furnished
Mayor Gaynor with a theme for regretful reminis-
to comparatively manageable proportions; otherwise
the conscientious librarian would be driven to insanity
cence in his recent address before the booksellers'
or suicide, or both. The librarian of the Vancouver
convention in New York. His friend Mr. Simon
Public Library said in an address at the third annual
Brentano calls him “a great book-knower,” and be-
conference of the Pacific Northwest Library Associ-
lieves that his words “will mean a good deal to the
ation, whose proceedings are now published in con-
booksellers of this country, and will increase their
interest in good books." Mr. Gaynor said, in open-
venient pamphlet form: “There is no doubt that the
salvation of the librarian depends upon the depth,
ing: “One of the things that I have observed since
the width, and the extent of his reading. And he
I left my country home and came to large cities is
must continue to read, read, and read again, or he
the decline of the retail bookstore in the large cities.
is certainly lost.” This is put rather strongly, for
Why, over in Brooklyn, where I live, and here in
Manhattan — which some people call New York, reading that the librarian is to work out his own sal-
rhetorical effect; but certainly it is in large part by
although it is only a little bit of New York, you
vation as well as that of those who look to him for
know — there used to be any number of small book.
intellectual quickening and sustenance.
stores. We used to lounge around in them. .
How many happy hours, and sometimes hours of
exaltation, have I spent down in Miller's bookstore PRESIDENT HIBBEN'S CONCEPTION OF A LIBERAL
in Nassau Street, for instance. There I pored over EDUCATION, as set forth in his inaugural address at
the curious books of the world as well as the choice Princeton, deserves at least a passing comment of
and ordinary books.” The multiplication of books approval. The time-honored “humanities,” in his
has not, the speaker feared, correspondingly in- scheme of education, are not to be slighted in favor
creased the real reading habit, the weighing and of all sorts of new-fangled electives. “The hit-and-
pondering of what is worth while in literature. His miss choice of an immature mind in new surround-
genial remembrance of the book-browser in musty ings,” he well says, "forms a poor propædeutic to
bookshops recalls regretfully the time, not so very
the serious tasks of free investigation, of original
long ago, when the Old Corner Bookstore in Boston thought, and of practical efficiency.” The student
was the daily haunt of both writers and readers of “must be so led in the way of knowledge that he
good literature. There the young Lowell offered to will come to know something of the human world in
Emerson his tribute of admiration for the Concord which he lives, something also of that world of the
transcendentalist's verse, and there Longfellow and past whose achievements are his heritage, something
Whittier and Holmes were familiar figures in the of the form and spirit of its classical languages and
congested alcoves of the friendly book-dealer. But literature, something of its history, its art, customs,
to-day we telephone to the department-store for the manners, morals, and institutions — in a word, he
latest sensation in fiction, and bookstore book-chat must know the thought of the world which possesses
is less and less heard in the land.
universal meaning and universal significance.” As
to training in his mother tongue, “certainly the
HOW TO READ ONE HUNDRED BOOKS A DAY, which educated man should be able to understand his own
the librarian who wishes to make himself an author. | language with some appreciation of its power and
ity on the literature of his own language alone ought, beauty, be able also to speak it as to the manner
in theory, to do, is a problem to dismay the stoutest born and not as a barbarian, and to express himself
heart, or rather the most vigorous intellect. Alli- by the written word in such a manner as to reveal
bone's “Dictionary of Authors" estimates the num and not obscure his thought and feeling.” After this
ber of books published in the English language up grounding in the essentials of liberal culture, some
to the year 1870 at six hundred and fifty thousand; freedom of election may be allowed the student in
and the rapidly increasing annual rate of publication | his choice of studies; but, emphatically, “the uni-


422
[June 1,
THE DIAL
0
versity is not specifically designed for the purpose motion, cooperate to separate the stamped paper
of fitting a man directly for the daily duties of his from its accretions of dirt and its invading colonies
future work in life. It should attempt to develop of germs. It is true that a bound book is a very
the whole man.” Nothing new or startling, to be sure,
different thing from a simple oblong slip of excep-
in all this; but every word of it sane and rational tionally strong and durable paper. But to inven-
and never out of season, however often repeated. tive genius all things are possible, and we shall
continue to hope that some day every library will
CONTRIBUTORS TO “THE LYRIC YEAR," the
possess, as an indispensable part of its equipment, an
forthcoming volume of competitive verse which will
inexpensive, easily operated, and thoroughly effective
appear under the auspices of Mr. Mitchell Kenner-
book-cleaning machine.
ley, publisher, and Messrs. Edward J. Wheeler and
William Stanley Braithwaite, appraisers of poetry, THE LITERARY BENT may be regarded, in some
will be selected from the five hundred or more aspi instances, as not so much a positive and conscious
rants who will have submitted their compositions leaning toward letters as a disappointed drawing-
on or before the first of June, when the competition back from everything else. Many a man has been
closes and the three prize-winning poems will be de cradled into authorship by disgust with law or med-
cided upon, out of the one hundred that are to be icine or theology or business or teaching or some
sifted from the two thousand or more manuscripts other of a thousand occupations uncongenial to him.
and published. It is reported that every State in An article having the ring of a real confession ap-
the United States is represented in this scramble for peared the other day in a prominent journal. It
poetic honors (and emoluments), and that one con purported to have been written by a woman author
fident competitor has had the hardihood to ask for who signed herself “A. R.” Of her first ill-directed
an immediate partial payment on account. If a endeavors to find herself and her life-work we
pecuniary incentive and the excitement of competi-
competi- read, among other frank confessions, the following:
tion can produce immortal verse, “The Lyric Year' “Looking back a long way upon my teaching record,
will be an immense success: and its editors appar I marvel that I was able to hold myself for three
ently believe that Pegasus will prove splendidly re years to an occupation that filled my soul not merely
sponsive to the spur with which he has been pricked, with dislike — with loathing. Perhaps it was because
for they say: “If anything ails American poetry, it the years were so unbearable that during them I first
is lack of encouragement and recognition. It is sur tried to write.” Literary success by no means came
prising how cordially both the lowly and the great at the first call. Various trying experiences followed,
have responded to every demand for a high stand "and yet, all through that involvement, which shook
ard and for faultless verse. It is significant, too, life to the centre of me, I had remained obsessed by
how susceptible the young writers are to enthusiasm the need of outside expression for inside experience,
and attention. «The Lyric Year' hopes to help the everything, even the most passionate of human inter-
poets to win public attention, and to aid in the ests, remaining for me subordinate to the will and
struggle that confronts our writers." If after this intention to write." And after ten weary years of
there remain any mute inglorious Miltons bashfully seemingly fruitless striving, of repeated rebuffs from
shrinking behind their own modesty, it will not be editors and publishers, the first glimmer of success
the fault of the projectors of “The Lyric Year.” dawned in the shape of an acceptance of a short story;
and after that the path of letters seems to have shone
THE REHABILITATION OF SOILED LIBRARY BOOKS, more and more unto the perfect day. And yet there
were such rehabilitation possible and practicable, are not a few who think it must be so easy to write a
would be a heaven-sent blessing to readers of deli-
book, and so simple to make a fortune out of its sale.
cate sensibilities, and would save much expense
now incurred in replacing with new copies the vol A POSTSCRIPT TO “THE PROMISED LAND," that
umes that in a too unsightly manner attest their ex notable bit of intimate autobiography which has
treme popularity. Perhaps some inventive genius already passed into a second edition, is furnished by
will before long give us a washing machine that its author in a recent interview. “I want to make
shall do for begrimed books what certain machines, the point," she is reported as saying, "since I have
now being tested at Washington by the government, an opportunity, that in Russia emancipation through
are said to do for the much-thumbed and stained a liberal attitude in religion is impossible for the
greenbacks and yellowbacks that are daily returned Jew. On my recent visit to Polotzk I saw signs of
to the treasury department for redemption. In two the struggle of the younger generation to put aside
minutes one of these machines will restore a dis all that separates them from the world around them
reputable rag of paper money to something like in order to be merged with their neighbors; but it
pristine freshness and crispness. Another machine, is all in vain. The young men shave, the young
of a slightly different pattern, does it in three min wives refuse the wig, they all speak Russian, they
utes. A thousand notes, it is estimated, can be join an occasional Gentile friend at a table that is
regenerated at an expense of only twenty cents. not kosher---they seek to bridge their separation in
Water and soap and chemicals and heated cylinders, every possible way, even at the cost of their parents'
with more or less employment of brisk whirling broken hearts. But what good does it do them?


1912.]
423
THE DIAL
The schools are closed against them as jealously as ing Post.' The general tone of the papers is better
ever, they are hounded and crippled as mercilessly over here, and the standard of your editorials and
as before, they have lost the firm anchor of their special articles is very high.” Perilous always is
old faith and have gained no compensating haven. the sweetness of praise, but perhaps not much harm
A reformed Jew is still a Jew. The Russian gov will result in this instance if due allowance is made
ernment does not want the Jew in any guise. No for our friendly guest's natural unwillingness to say
degree of conformity will save the Jew in Russia. anything unpleasant to his entertainers as he bows
Not until a successful political revolution has up his good-bye. Farewell speeches, like after-dinner
rooted all the blind sins of the Russian autocracy will oratory, are more than likely to contain consider-
there be any hope of emancipation for the slaves of able "tall talk," and should be subjected to a very
the Pale." No wonder Mary Antin rejoices at her liberal discount.
timely escape to the land of promise.
THE SALE OF THE SECOND PART OF THE HUTH
LIBRARY is set for June 5–7 and 10–14, at Sotheby's,
THE LIMIT OF FORBEARANCE TOWARD BOOK-
in London. The first sale of last November cov-
THIEVES has been reached by the authorities of the
ered only items under A and B in alphabetical or-
Brooklyn Public Library, whose branches have for der, and brought a little over a quarter of a million
years suffered considerable losses, chiefly it appears
dollars. This second instalment will be of about
at the hands of mischievous or dishonest children.
Patience and a hope of better things gave way at
equal size and probably of equal or greater market
value. Early estimates of the Huth collection's
last to a sorrowful conviction that the kindest thing pecuniary worth, when the will of its late owner be-
to be done, for parents and children alike, was “to
came the sensation of the day in the book world,
give the would-be thieves such a thorough scare as
placed it at about one million dollars. Since then
might be the means of restraining them and their
the prices commanded at public auction by the treas-
associates from getting deep into the habit of steal-
ures of the Hoe collection have caused a consider-
ing till they finally ended in becoming full-grown able revision of former estimates, and now the Huth
criminals." Accordingly fifteen little rascals (ras- library is expected by some connoisseurs to realize
cals in the making) were haled into the Children's
more than twice the sum originally named, or even
Court, while other cases were handled by the par-
as much as two and one-half millions, even with the
ents of the culprits; and “the results have been,
deduction of the fifty choicest items given by the
that in every branch where a boy has been made an
testator to the British Museum. So rich a collec-
example of there has been a decrease in the num-
tion of unique and of exceedingly rare literary treas-
ber of losses, missing books have been slyly returned
ures has probably never before been offered at
to tables by children evidently startled by hearing public sale. The sixty thousand pounds which the
of the arrests, and the effect upon the boys' habits
collection is said to have cost the Huth family in
has been good.” The Children's Court and its wise
the course of its gradual acquisition is not unlikely
and humane judges are warmly praised. We are
to be octupled in the total amount finally received
glad to infer from the official report that petty
at the successive sales.
thieving has not been practised to any great extent
by the girls. Perhaps, however, they were more
adroit and less easily caught in the act; at any rate,
AN AUTHORS' UNION, wearing somewhat the as-
they seem to have been spared the shame of public pect of the familiar trades-union, is being planned in
prosecution, but doubtless they will take to heart proposed association or league will resemble the
New York by prominent American writers. The
the object lesson given them that the way of trans-
Author's Society of England and the Gens de Lettres
gressors is hard.
and the Société des Auteurs Dramatiques of France.
A GOOD WORD FOR AMERICAN JOURNALISM was It will be a business organization for the protection
spoken by our late visitor, the inspiring and gifted of the pecuniary interests of its members and, in a
Professor Gilbert Murray. Upon his departure from general way, of literary workers as a class.
Amherst, where his lectures and talks on Greek affairs of the society will be managed through bureaus,
literature and Greek culture gave unmeasured satis one of contracts and collections, one of legal ser-
faction, he expressed himself (to the ubiquitous in-vice, one of general information, and so on. A lit.
terviewer) on sundry other subjects besides. Among erary agency will be established. Annual meetings
other things, we are told that he said: “You have will be held by the association, and its energies will
more really good newspapers than we have. In be directed toward such reforms as the improvement
fact, we have rather few really good newspapers. of copyright laws and the prevention of various forms
Our papers used to be penny papers, but now they of literary piracy that still prevail. Playwrights as
are most of them sold for a ha'penny, and they well as other authors will be represented in this com-
don't seem to be able to get out a very high-toned prehensive league for mutual defence, and it is to be
publication for that price. I don't think we could hoped that women may share equally with men in
produce so many liberal-minded, well-informed pa the benefits to accrue from the new movement. Mrs.
pers as you do, like the Springfield “Republican, Kate Douglas Wiggin is a member of the provisional
the Boston “Transcript,' and the New York ‘Even- | committee on organization. The names of many of


424
[June 1,
THE DIAL
ing me.”
..
is
our leading authors, especially our younger authors,
The New Books.
are prominent on the list of those associated with
this praiseworthy enterprise.
SOME OUTDOOR PHILOSOPHERS.*
LITERARY PARALLELS might be found for certain
forms of expression that are just now making them-
It is a comfortable philosophy, that which the
selves exceedingly familiar all over the country. For outdoor enthusiasts arrive at as a result of living
example, merely as a matter of historical and literary with Nature, and one worthy of being adopted
interest, and without regard to other considerations, at least for the summer-time by anyone who can
it is curious to note the resemblance between the fol believe it. “Leave your office, your books, your
lowing two utterances, the first having as its author
cares, and even your friends,” they say, “and
a prominent American of our own time, and the
go live in a tent by yourself, absorbed in the
second occurring in the public papers of the Comte
really vital things of life, such as growing grass
de Chambord, Bourbon pretender, a generation ago,
to the throne of France. “I typify and embody the
and falling rain. Learn there that even the ques-
great cause which can only be furthered by support-
tions of indoor philosophy are not to be worried
That is the American way of putting it,
about. Matter? What does that matter so long
and this is the French way: “I am the necessary as you are sure there is a blue-bird nesting in
pilot, the only one capable of guiding the ship to port, yonder stub? Soul? Why do you bother about
because I have for it a mission of authority.” Again, terms, so long as something within you thrills to
in our native idiom: “Every man who believes in the cardinal's whistle and the oriole's fluting?
decency and honesty in politics ... can achieve his God? You will never find Him if not in the
purposes only by supporting my candidacy"; and in
silent sunrise or the hushed radiance of sunset.”
the French style: “With the cooperation of all honest
To these philosophers the natural life of man is
men and with the grace of God I may save France,
and I will.” Not without reason did the Preacher
life in the open, and cities are the excrescence of
a mistaken civilization.
affirm that “the thing that hath been, it is that which
shall be: and that which is done is that which shall On this subject Mr. Stanton Davis Kirkham,
be done: and there is no new thing under the sun.”
author of Mexican Trails,” “East and West,
“In the Open,” etc., has written a thorough-
A LINGUISTIC PRODIGY who can conceal his
going book which unfolds many wise and some
thought in twenty-three languages is not met with
every day. Sir Charles Eliot, the new head of Hong
witty conclusions arrived at by the philosophic
Kong University, has in the forty-seven years of his
mind in enjoying Nature. The author believes,
life shown a remarkable aptitude for acquiring for-
like Thoreau, that a person should live in the
eign tongues. In his Oxford days he won highest present rather than in "a dead yesterday or an
distinction in the classics and also captured the Bo unborn tomorrow," and like Stevenson that he
den Sanskrit scholarship and the Syriac prize. Sub can be happy “just thinking”; that the begin-
sequent service as diplomat in various countries has ning of wisdom for any man is to become ac-
enabled him to extend his familiarity with strange quainted, in solitude and serenity, with his
tongues until now he is credited with the command
own character, since “nothing shall bring him
of twenty-three, not including such acquaintance peace but himself”; that to learn from Nature
with the Yankee idiom as he may have acquired
is not to humanize outdoor life, but “to acquire
during his secretaryship of the British Embassy at
Washington fourteen years ago. His scholarship is
the bird's point of view"; and that if a person
attested by his excellent Finnish grammar, pub- keeps himself open to “the Cosmic Emotion
lished in 1890. He has also held with distinction which is joy in spring and sadness in the autumn
the vice-chancellorship of Sheffield University.
he
may
find himself in the forties with an
unabated relish for Nature, the same suscepti-
A GENUINELY AMERICAN LITERARY SHRINE,
which should prove a strong attraction to pilgrims,
bility to this mysterious magie play that he felt
is the house at Hannibal, Missouri, where the great-
at twenty." People who love to wander afield
est of our humorists was born, and which has re-
and ruminate will find Mr. Kirkham expressing
cently been presented to the city of Hannibal by their point of view very well, especially in such
Mr. and Mrs. George A. Mahan, themselves natives fundamental articles of faith as this :
of he same
State that gave to the world Mark
*OUTDOOR PHILOSOPHY, The Meditations of a Naturalist.
Twain. At the presentation ceremonies a bas-relief By Stanton Davis Kirkham. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
portrait of Missouri's most distinguished son and an WOODLAND IDYLs. By W. S. Blatchley. Indianapolis:
inscribed tablet were unveiled, and school children as
The Nature Publishing Co.
well as older persons of local prominence took part
NEIGHBOURHOOD. A Year's Life in and about an English
Village. By Tickner Edwardes. Illustrated. New York:
in the proceedings. And now, before planning one's
E. P. Dutton & Co.
pilgrimage to Stratford-on-Avon this summer, why THE JONATHAN PAPERS. By Elisabeth Woodbridge.
not journey first to Hannibal on the Mississippi ? Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co.


1912.]
425
THE DIAL
Perhaps it is the very living out-of-doors, the wooing Dray, the old wheelwright, Tom Clemmer, father
of the silence, that has taken the zest out of the life of
of the village blacksmith of the same name, and
being amused; but if I have sold all my goods for a
single pearl, it is with the assurance that this pearl out-
other ancients drop into reminiscence of their
weighs the world. It has proved a good bargain, yet it sweet-bearting days. One of them bears this
was made because the fates compelled it — made by one unconscious witness to the fact that Ann White-
in a dream, only to find he had dreamed the immortal field has her prototype:
truth. When men talk of their beloved trade it would
be of no use for me to tell them my business is on a
“ Eighteen thousand happy days,' said he triumph-
larger scale and is concerned with eternal and universal antly, “agen six weeks o' rough and tumble — pore
things; that I deal in Truth and find it more profitable George! Ah! Well-a-day! But 't is so, neighbours.
than their feeble ventures. As for property of which we
Th’ Reverend, 'a figured it out fer Jane an' me laast
hear so much, if I should tell them my estate extends catterning-time. Eighteen thou
catterning-time. Eighteen thou – Gorm! but I should
from Canada to Guatemala and of the satisfaction I have
ha' lost 'em all, if she had n't up an' spoke out! I ne'er
had in familiarizing myself with it they would not in
had no thought on't, trew as th’sun goos round th' sky.
the least understand. How poor would I feel if I did
But Jane, 'a gie me a red neckercher wan Hock-Monday.
not own the mountains and the desert — as poor as the
Thinks I, Wat's that fer?' An' then 'a gie me a bag o'
rich themselves!”
pea-nuts, an’sez I to mysel', • 'Tis a queer maid surelye!'
An' then 'a cooms along at harvest-time, an' sez she,
Of the same tenor, but more given to objective Enery Dawes, I ha' jist heerd as ould Mistus Fenny
description, is Mr. W. S. Blatchley's “Wood- ’ull gie up th’ Malthouse Cottage at Milemas, an' seein'
land Idyls,” the record of some summer outings as how you warnts me an' I warnts you, 't would be a
in western Indiana. The preface recommends pity to lose it; so let's get arsted i' church directly-
that everyone with a week to spend betake him-
week to spend betake him- minute,' sez she. Wi' that 'a putt both arıns around th’
red neckercher, as I wore; an gie me wan, two, three-
self to the woods all alone, and live with a canvas
each chop, an’ wan i'th'middle. Lor' bless ye! I knowed
cover for a roof, three bent wires for a cook then what a' meant, I did! I wur allers th’sort as could
stove, fish and berries of his own acquiring for see through a brick wall fur as most folk: never warnted
food, and a spring for a hydrant. There the sun
no more'n an 'int.'”
will be his alarm-clock, and the whip-poor-will Many of the author's walks are taken with
his vesper bell. Beside Racoon Creek or Walnut « Reverend," the blind rector of the parish who
Creek the writer has spent his vacations, watch sees so much through his other senses and his
ing the green heron fish, finding the prunella in memory that he almost betters his companion's
its glen, stretching himself on the ground with observation.
observation. All the traditional beauty of the
nose deep among the grass-roots" to inhale the *shy, still ” English country is theirs to enjoy-
good earthy smell and feel himself “one of the the wood-carpet of anemones and primroses in
countless billions of parasites thus rendering spring, the nightingale's song in June, the glow
homage unto his mother,” and receiving without of poppies in the wheat in summer, the rich green
complaint the downright visits of “J. Pluvius.” of the ivy in the autumn when other color is gone.
He makes such a way of life seem so easy and so These are described with a vividness which makes
alluring that the most hide-bound city-dweller it seem that the writer has added his blind friend's
must needs be convinced of its feasibility. sensibility to his own keen vision. Besides the
The same philosophy in the main appears in human element, such things as hiving the bees,
Mr. Tickner Edwardes's “ Neighbourhood,” but sheep-washing, and harvest have their place in
modified by the writer's different experience. If his regard. This is his report of the close of a
you live in the city you must run away to enjoy threshing day:
Nature; but if you live in a blissful little English “ As the sun went down behind the hills, and left the
village like Windlecombe, in the midst of the world afloat in wine-colored mist, every sound of work
Sussex downs, where Mr. Edwardes has done ceased in the village save this rich throbbing voice of
his work “ for half a life-time back, and may dreaming light to listen to it. From where I sat on
the threshing mill up at the farm. I went out into the
claim fairly to have won his villagership,” you the church-yard wall, I could make out that they were
can love and cultivate Nature and your neighbors prolonging the work into the dusk, so that the last rick
at the same time. “Neighbourhood, the daily might be finished now, and the threshing gang move on
interchange of thought and word and kindly tonight to the next farm. There was the deep sound of
deed, is a necessity for all healthy human life, another, each' held for a moment, and then suddenly
the mill itself, one tremendous baritone note suc ling
and the natural medium of all true advancement."
changing to one higher or lower in the sonorous clef.
So Mr. Edwardes writes about his sturdy, hard- Apart from this, I could distinguish the fuss and fume
working, quaint-mannered neighbors, as well as of the engine, as it drove its white breath in little un-
about the downs, the starlings, the bees, and the
steady gusts up against the violet calm of the sky. And
there was another sound — the flapping song of the driv-
sheep, and produces a most delightful book.
ing belt
-a note that punctuated everything, as though
There is an engaging chapter in which Daniel some invisible conductor were beating time to the gen-


426
(June 1,
THE DIAL
eral symphony. But the combined effect of all was
infinitely harmonious and restful.
“ Yet I had come out, in the main, to hear, not this
familiar part of the music, but something about it that
I loved most of all; and this was the stopping of the
machine. It was almost dark before the last sheaf went
to the mill, and steam was shut off. And then the won-
better. When a man builds a house, what does he do?
Cuts down every tree, every bush and twig, and makes
it “ship shape," as you call it. And then the women have
to come along and plant everything all over again.'
«« But things need cutting now and then,' said Jona-
than. You would n't like it, you know, if a man never
went to the barber's. He'd look like a woodchuck.'
derful note begate. The machine took all appreciable went there are borse-looking things than woodchucks.
ear."
time to run down. But now there was no upward inflec Still, of course, there's a medium. Possibly the wood-
tion of its voice. Note by note, each note more drawn chuck carries neglect to excess.
out and quieter, the rich tones fell through every stage On other occasions, also, Elisabeth appears as
of an octave, until they died away in the profoundest,
softest bass. Even then I fancied I could feel the solid
the champion of the natural.
earth still shuddering with a music too deep for human
“Jonathan has nothing to do with my hens except
to give advice. One of his hobbies is the establishing
One can venture without fear the prediction that
of a breed of hens marked by intelligence, which he
maintains might be done by careful selection of the
this will become a classic among Nature books,
mothers. Accordingly, whenever he goes to the roost
since it considers Nature, as it should be con to pick out a victim for the sacrificial hatchet, he first
sidered, the setting and enhancement of human gently pulls the tail of each candidate in turn, and by
life. Some very charming illustrations supple-
the dim light of the lantern carefully observes the na-
ment the text.
ture of their reaction, choosing for destruction the one
whose deportment seems to him most foolish. In this
Assuredly the weak point of most Nature books
way, by weeding out the extremely silly, he hopes in
is their lack of humor. They are subdued in
time to raise the general intellectual standard of the
tone and pensive, so that they do not take the
barnyard. But he urges that much more might be done
strongest hold on us. Not so “The Jonathan
if my heart were in it. Very likely. But my heart is
not. Intelligence is all very well, but the barnyard, I
Papers.” These essays by Elisabeth Wood-
am convinced, is no place for it. Give me my pretty,
bridge, which have appeared from time to time silly hens, with all their aimless, silly ways. I will seek
in the “ Atlantic” or the "Outlook,” go well intelligence, when I want it, elsewhere."
together in a book, and one cannot take them Such an one, we must echo, is a natural phil-
up without thanking the Lord for humor. On osopher. And in justice we must add that she
a slight stretch they may be considered as form is also a very charming writer, since her essays
ing a Nature book — Nature with Jonathan not only sparkle with wit, but are full of de-
thrown in; but they so objectify and vivify the scriptions of great delicacy and beauty.
experiences of these two people on their “unpro-
MAY ESTELLE COOK.
gressive farm” that they are first of all a human
document. The writer is one of the outdoor
philosophers, and not only believes in getting
THE LURE OF THE GARDEN.*
her fill of beauty but in “taking dessert first”.
and dessert means to her “to go out into the
The general character of books on gardens
green beauty of the world, to fling myself down
and gardening seems to vary from year to year,-
in some sloping meadow and feel the sunshine
doubtless to conform with variations of interest
envelope me and the warm winds pass over me."
in those for whom such books are written. One
She and Jonathan run away from the city to go
year the garden-lover may be in search of prac-
fishing a spring day when neither of them "can
tical help on the subject of hardy perennials or
get away"; they visit their Yellow Valley in
of hollyhock blights; and in the next, his per-
March in spite of wind and mud, shoot ducks ennials may be doing so well, and his hollyhocks
in the salt marshes at ten above zero, and in
may be so thrifty, that he has time to turn to
various other ways prove themselves worthy of
the history of the garden craft, or to the fillip
the happiness of living on a farm each year,
that his fancy finds in the beautiful thoughts of
from April until December. On the subject of *GARDEN DESIGN IN THEORY AND PRACTICE. By Mad-
grooming this farm they differ.
eline Agar. Illustrated. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co.
AMATEUR GARDENCRAFT. By Eben E. Rexford. Illus-
«• Do you remember Jack Mason when he was mar-
trated. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co.
ried? Face and neck the color of raw beef from sun-
LET'S MAKE A FLOWER GARDEN, By Hanna Rion.
burn, and hair cropped so close it made his head look
Illustrated. New York: McBride, Nast & Co.
like a drab egg!!
POPULAR GARDEN FLOWERS. By Walter P. Wright.
“• I did n't notice,' said Jonathan.
Illustrated. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co.
“No, I suppose not. You would have done the same EVER-BLOOMING Roses. By Georgia Torrey Drennan.
thing — you 're all alike. Look at horses! When men Illustrated. New York: Duffield & Co.
want to make a horse look stylish, why, chop off his MAKING A ROSE GARDEN. By Henry H. Saylor. Illus-
tail, of course! And they are only beginning to learn trated. New York: McBride, Nast & Co.
—
-
-


1912.]
427
THE DIAL
past flower-lovers, or to such memories of his the home-maker and garden lover” should find
own past as he may recover by the aid of the a wide field of usefulness.
printed page. One year the strong appeal may Miss Hanna Rion gives a pleasant indication
be found in such a book as Mrs. Earle's “Old- of her attitude toward the garden in the im-
Time Gardens,” and another may bring such a pulsive title she has chosen for her cheerful
treasure as Mrs. Cecil's “ History of Gardening book, “Let's Make a Flower Garden.” She
in England,” or Miss Jekyll may have found reveals herself on one of the first pages, where
time to share her boundless store of garden she says: “In all the world's classics none con-
wisdom with an eager world. They are all good tain the inexhaustible lure, the enchantment,
books, - the alert and practical handbooks or the dream material, to be found in seed cata-
the leisurely and scholarly histories: since no logues.” After such an introduction, one has
book can lack in interest in which the processes a right to look for all sorts of happy-go-lucky
by which a plant has been, or may be, brought experiences and experiments ; nor is one dis-
from seed to seed are faithfully recounted, and appointed. Who ever before thought of sowing
no page can be utterly dull on which are printed the freshly-spaded strips of earth between the
those flower names which have always meant so blossoming rows of the strawberry-bed with
much to mankind.
Drummond's phlox? Yet who, reading of Miss
America will never equal England in the prac Rion's success in this experiment, does not long
tice of gardening. The advantages of soil and to imitate her venture ? What delver in the
climate are all with the mother-country; and our dirt can withhold sympathy with her assertion
own land, with its long hot summers and long that “a garden planned for you by someone
cold winters, offers many new gardening prob- else would as little fit your needs as a friend's ad-
lems which we are yet too young to solve intel vice would solve your own private life-riddles” ?
ligently. Among English garden books of the And how pretty to call the plot devoted to iris
present season, the one which seems to offer the and lilies, “Kingdom Come”! “Let's Make a
most help is Miss Madeline Agaris “Garden De- Flower Garden” is an uncommonly pleasant
sign in Theory and Practice.” Had she signed and valuable little book, full of good sense and
her work “M. Agar,” no critic would have hesi- practical helpfulness.
tated to refer to the author as being one of the Mr. Wright's “ Popular Garden Flowers
sons of that Adam who, in spite of his faults is the third of a trilogy of garden books to the
and of the "endless woe” he is accused of having making of which the author has brought much
brought upon his lackless descendants, is still the experience and much devotion. In this latest
patron-saint of gardeners. An immense amount volume, he has arranged the familiar garden-
of knowledge concerning all that lies at the root flowers alphabetically, giving each one a chap-
of good gardening is evident in Miss Agar's pre- ter, in which he outlines its story, its place in
liminary chapters on sites, aspects, soils, fertili-folk-lore, its various names, with a hint of what
zers, drainage, road-building, walls, hedges, the poets have had to say concerning it, and
water-supplies, etc. Then follows the more in- then a careful series of directions as to its prac-
teresting section of the book, in which the good tical needs. The chapters on transportation and
growing things which are to adorn the finished exhibiting are of little present use to Americans,
grounds are set forth in all their ageless beauty. who, as far as flower-shows are concerned, are
Written primarily for English owners of estates poor to the uttermost verge of poverty; but
of more or less magnitude, the book is neverthe- perhaps they will help to ring in the better days
less full of helpfulness for the American owner that are to be in this respect.
of a mere fragment of an acre, since it will in If it were not for her memory of the gardens
spire him to do his best with what he has, and of the Old South, sweet with the unforgotten
to add field to field.
scent of numberless roses, it is quite possible
About once a year Mr. Eben E. Rexford that Mrs. Georgia Torrey Drennan had never
gathers together a sheaf of the notes which he written her monograph on “Ever-blooming
writes for the various journals to which he is a Roses," - which would have been a great pity.
constant contributor, and sends them forth in There is sure to be wide welcome for a new
book form. “Amateur Gardencraft" is the book on the flower which has always and every-
title of his latest volume, which is concerned where reigned supreme in men's hearts; and so
with lawn and field no less than with the garden. constantly is the culture of the rose leading to
Mr. Rexford's advice is always sound and al newer and greater triumphs, that there is a con-
ways clearly written, and this new volume “for stant demand for new handbooks on the subject.


428
[June 1,
THE DIAL
Mrs. Drennan's lists are particularly valuable, summer holiday. A half-score of the most noteworthy
as using the nomenclature of American growers. and promising of these travel books are here to be
Among other features, she gives us old recipes noted
noted - with too great brevity, perforce, but with
for preparing the delicate confection known as
cordial commendation of their several excellences.
candied rose-leaves, for the distillation of rose-
A chance to see the great world came somewhat
water, and for the compounding of pot-pourri,-
late in life to “The Princess," as the author of
all gentle occupations of more leisurely days Prince being the personified Õpportunity who has
“Traveller's Tales" exultantly calls herself, her
which it will be well to have reinstated in the
pushed his way to her through the hedge of thorns
household.
and led her forth to roam over Europe for one delight-
Mr. Henry H. Saylor dates his enrollment in
ful
year, whose memorable incidents are chronicled
the ancient and honorable guild of rosarians from in letters to a friend at home. Landing, with the
the hour in which he found "a well-thumbed copy “Laird” and the “Child,” at Antwerp soon after the
of good old Dean Hole's Book about Roses death of King Edward, the writer sees the sights of
in an old bookshop. How many feet have been Belgium, Germany, England, Scotland, France, and
guided into the way of peace by that beloved Spain, ending her travels with a second visit to En-
gospel, and how many a lesser epistle has been gland and a view of the coronation ceremonies, which
inspired by that dear divine! Mr. Saylor's little
she pictures in a few brisk and telling strokes of the
handbook on “Making a Rose Garden” has
pen. She has the gift of imparting novelty even to
much to offer of practical suggestion. Its list of through eyes that have been bathed in the fountain
the hackneyed by describing it simply as she sees it
“Dependable Roses” is excellent, and its plan of youth. “To the young in spirit the world keeps
for a rose garden suited to the moderate purse open late,” she takes pleasure in quoting at the open-
and limited time which the average amateur is ing of her first letter. Many illustrations, chiefly
able to devote to the goddess is worthy of much from photographs taken by the “Child,” adorn the
praise.
SARA ANDREW SHAFER.
book, some chapters of which had already enjoyed
public favor in a prominent journal before being col-
lected and added to and issued in the present book-
form. An excellent account of the Oberammergau
IN THE WONDERLAND OF TRAVEL.*
sacred drama, the decennial repetition of which
The summer travel season is upon us, and with luckily occurred in the summer of the writer's travels,
its advent there comes from the press a goodly num occupies one chapter. The freshness and readability
ber of books to tell us where preeminently the thirst of these “traveller's tales" will arouse the interest
for romance and natural beauty and artificial won even of a jaded reader.
ders is to be quenched. Not that any one journal of The brilliant splendors of color-pictures are for
travel or formal guide-book can prescribe for every once, at least, not out of place in conveying some
variety of this thirst; but it will be strange if some notion of the glow and the magnificence of our
one or more out of the season's supply of such pub- western wonderlands in the Sierra Nevada region,
lications cannot be of help to any undecided vaca-
among the Rocky Mountains, and along the Grand
tioner casting about in his mind where to spend his Canyon of the Colorado River. “ Three Wonder-
* TRAVELLER's Tales. Told in Letters from Belgium,
lands of the American West,” by Mr. Thomas D.
Germany, England, Scotland, France, and Spain. By The Murphy, would be a noteworthy book even without
Princess." Illustrated. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. its numerous reproductions of paintings by Mr.
THREE WONDERLANDS OF THE AMERICAN WEST. By
Thomas Moran. With these illustrations and its
Thomas D. Murphy. With sixteen reproductions in color from
original paintings by Thomas Moran, N.A., and thirty-two
other decorative features the volume becomes a work
duogravures from photographs. Boston: L. C. Page & Co. of art as well as a useful guide-book and a treasury
THE YOSEMITE. By John Muir. Illustrated. New York: of first-hand information for the nature-lover and the
The Century Co.
tourist. Thirty-two uncolored pictures are added to
SADDLE AND CAMP IN THE Rockies. By Dillon Wallace.
the sixteen from Mr. Moran's brush, and three maps
Illustrated. New York: Outing Publishing Co.
THE SURGEON's Log. Being Impressions of the Far East.
help the reader to get his bearings in the Yellowstone
By J. Johnston Abraham. Illustrated. New York: E. P. and Yosemite parks and the Grand Canyon, which
Dutton & Co.
are the three wonderlands” chosen for detailed de-
WINDMILLS AND WOODEN SHOEs. By Blair Jaekel, scription. Some further wonders of the Pacific coast
F.R.G.S. Illustrated. New York: McBride, Nast & Co.
region furnish matter for a few supplementary pages
LETTERS FROM FINLAND. By Rosalind Travers. Illus-
and pictures. A passage from Mr. Murphy's preface,
trated. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co.
THE SPELL OF FRANCE. By Caroline Atwater Mason. | describing his earlier incredulous attitude toward the
Illustrated. Boston: L. C. Page & Co.
alleged wonders of our great West, may strike a re-
ABOUT ALGERIA. By Charles Thomas-Stanford. Illus- sponsive chord in some of his readers. He says:
trated from drawings by F. Dorrien Thoroton, and from "I was only languidly interested until it chanced my good
photographs. New York: John Lane Co.
fortune to see several original paintings by Thomas Moran,
IN THE CARPATHIANS. By Lion Phillimore. New York: the wizard who comes nearer than anything excepting a
Henry Holt & Co.
personal visit in presenting to the eyes the true spirit of
:


1912.]
429
THE DIAL
these wonderlands, and making one realize their glorious passage in a tramp steamer for the far East.
He
color and grandeur. I found myself wondering if it could
himself, it appears, had been educated for the medi-
be possible that there was such an enchanted land as he
portrays—such a land of weird mountains, crystal cataracts
cal profession, or at least he was a qualified surgeon,
and emerald rivers, all glowing with a riot of color that
for in that capacity he became one of the “Cly.
seems more like an iridescent dream than a sober reality. temnestra's”
company when she weighed anchor at
It may be on account of this very scepticism that thousands
Liverpool and turned her prow toward Port Said,
never see the most inspiring marvels of our own country.”
the first port touched in a rambling trading cruise
That unrivalled authority on the wonders of our
in the Orient. An abundance of miscellaneous
far West and of our great national parks from whom
incident and
page
after page of lively conversation,
Mr. Murphy takes occasion to quote at some length
with a multitude of camera views along the way,
in his book, has himself just produced a volume of
insure the reader of “A Surgeon's Log” against
description and of personal adventure in the Cali-
tedium. As a specimen of the author's fluent and
fornia paradise of the Yosemite valley. “The Yo-
unstudied style, here is a passage from a chapter
semite” Mr. John Muir calls his book, and in this
devoted largely to Batavia:
engaging fashion it begins:
“It was distressingly close — not a breath of air stirred.
“When I set out on the long excursion that finally led to
The heat was sweltering, and every one moped. Without
California I wandered afoot and alone, from Indiana to the
the Chief, somehow no one seemed inclined to think of
Gulf of Mexico, with a plant-press on my back, holding a
amusement. I busied myself taking photographs in the
generally southward course, like the birds when they are go immediate neighborhood of Tanjong Priok. Once I elabo-
ing from summer to winter. . . . All the world was before
rately stalked a policeman, to find, after painfully maneu-
me and every day was a holiday, so it did not seem import-
vring to get him into a good light, that he was itching to
ant to which one of the world's wildernesses I first should
have himself snapshotted all the time, and so my wariness
wander."
had been all unnecessary. He posed himself delightedly,
That was in the spring of 1868, when to some of pulling his sword well round to the front, and then demanded
us all the world was young, and to others of us
comshaw.' A cigarette completely satisfied him.”
there was not yet any world at all. To Mr. Muir it
A happy choice of title, a liberal use of anecdote,
certainly was a fresh and interesting world, and his historical and legendary, and a generous supply of
account of the portion of it then first opening to his pictures, are some of the leading attractions of Mr.
view catches much of the charm with which it was Blair Jaekel's “Windmills and Wooden Shoes,” a
invested for him. The natural-history notes that book for the intending tourist of Holland, and
occur in some abundance increase the book's value equally enjoyable if the reader has already toured
to the student. Maps and striking landscape views that country, or even if he is content to confine his
are generously supplied.
touring to stay-at-home travels of the literary sort.
A long-cherished desire on the part of Mr. Dillon The writer attempts no extraordinary, out-of-the-way
Wallace to see some of the wilder sections of the excursions in his Dutch sight-seeing; perhaps there
Rocky Mountain region, and to visit the big game
are no such unusual routes to be found in so small
ranges and study the game conditions there, was at and densely-peopled a land. The old and familiar
last gratified in the summer of 1910, when he had has its charm no less than the new and strange. Mr.
an opportunity to make a two-thousand-mile journey Jaekel's frequent scraps of history pleasantly recall
on horseback from southern Arizona to Montana, one's Motley, and even arouse a desire to re-read
most of the way without guide or other companion. the stirring chronicle of little Holland's defiance of
The story of this expert survey of the chief remain- Spain. The occasional departures from approved
ing haunts of our too-rapidly disappearing big game, English idiom in the pages of the book need not
with advice and suggestions as to the course to be fol. shock one; perhaps they indicate a greater famil-
lowed if these denizens of the wild are not to be iarity with the language spoken in the land of
exterminated, is issued in a volume appropriately
windmills and wooden shoes than with that heard
entitled “Saddle and Camp in the Rockies," and in the country of skyscrapers and the latest pattern
adorned with numerous illustrations from photo of fashionable foot-gear.
graphs taken by the author. The ways of the The intimacy and vivacity of private correspon-
buman as well as of the animal residents of this
dence have imparted a certain liveliness and humor
vast region are touched upon by the observant soli-
and pleasing personal tone to Miss Rosalind Travers’s
tary horseman, and his narrative, divided into twenty “ Letters from Finland.” She is best known as a
one chapters of never wearisome length, is excellent
writer of poetry, and when she undertook to produce
reading. But those who are acquainted with his a book of travel she felt somewhat at a loss how to
“Lure of the Labrador Wild” and other books of
go about it. “Be concrete and personal, and avoid
hunting and exploring will know well enough what generalities as you would poison," was the advice of
sort of good things to expect in this latest volume. a trusted friend. Naturally she found it impossible
The serious purpose of the book, however, should to follow this counsel undeviatingly in a descriptive
not be lost sight of amid its attractions of passing work; but she kept it before her as an ideal, and
anecdote and graphic description.
it seems to have influenced her style in a manner
Blithe was the mood of Dr. J. Johnston Abraham likely to please her readers. The letters cover the
when, sentenced by his physician to a long banish- period from August, 1908, to March, 1909, and are
ment from England for his health's sake, he took | agreeably interspersed with fragments of verse, both


430
[June 1,
THE DIAL
original and translated. As illustrating the book's writing tourists in Algeria, he asserts that “the
happy blending of the concrete, sometimes even the guide-books to Algeria, in the English language at all
commonplace, and the sublime, we quote this from events, are, in view of modern conditions of travel,
the middle of the volume:
hopelessly out of date,” failing to note the recent
“For once I am writing to you from one of the best publication of what is, in its way, an excellent up-
hotels' (the Cascade Hotel at Imatra). No doubt they to-date path-finder for the traveller,— Mrs. Emma
respond to some deep-seated need of human nature, but, for
Burbank Ayer's fine volume, “A Motor Tour through
my part, I only find them expensive and depressing. They
charge twice as much as the smaller inns, and — since neither
Algeria." Perhaps the book is of too recent date
the wash-stands nor the supply of hot water are doubled
to admit of mention in the later work. A note-
what does it benefit one? I cannot eat twice as much food
worthy chapter of the latter describes the ruins of the
as usual, and I do not want a band during meals.
“Here of course one pays for the neighbourhood of Imatra.
public library discovered at Timgad in 1901, but not
Resist the temptation to call it Imátra, for, like all Finnish
identified as a library until five years later, when
words, it has the accent on the first syllable. The renown the missing fragment was unearthed of a tablet as-
of this very mighty waterfall is ancient, and has gone out cribing the founding of the institution to the Car-
into all lands. It is mentioned in the Kalevala by Jouka-
hainen, 'He, the meagre youth of Lapland,' the singer who
negie of his time, one Julius Quintianus Flavus
matched himself against Väinämöinen.
Rogatianus, a Roman senator and a native of Tim-
“Imatra is so magnificent that it can bear its fame, and gad. The book's plentiful illustrations help to dem.
not shrink when the Finns call it the finest cataract in onstrate that Algeria is indeed “a country brimful
Europe, for it is the overflow of a thousand lakes, the trib-
of interest, historical and actual.”
ute of Saima and all his brethren of the north."
Pictures from photographs, paintings, and drawings home,” says Mr. Lion Phillimore in presenting his
“ This book was written for those who stay at
help the writer to interpret the beauties and the won-
ders of Finland.
volume of Carpathian wanderings (“In the Carpa-
thians ") to the gentle reader. Transylvania and
Readers of the French poet Mistral, and of our Galicia and Moldavia and Wallachia are not exactly
own Mr. Janvier, stand in need of no solemn assur every day or even every-year haunts of English and
ance that the Midi exerts a charm on all but the American travellers, so that comparatively few read-
stolidest visitors. Still more will the visitors them ers are likely to be other than those who stay at
selves subscribe to all that Mrs. John H. Mason home, as far as the Carpathian Mountains are con-
(Caroline Atwater Mason) has to say in its praise in cerned. The book abounds in scenes and incidents
her tasteful volume, “The Spell of France.” It was and characters sufficiently out of the ordinary to make
pot, she tells us, until she had journeyed through its pages inviting. The author and his companion,
southern France that the spell of the country was “Bobby,” seem to have had a considerable taste of
laid upon her. From Lyons to the Mediterranean, “roughing it" in the remote regions visited; but the
and from the Riviera to the Spanish frontier, she beauties of the mountain scenery must have amply
conducts her readers “among the mountains and repaid them. From the abundant talk with the na-
rivers of Old France; among the mighty remains tives that gives liveliness to Mr. Phillimore’s pages
of an earlier civilization; among its legend-haunted we are tempted to quote an amusing dialogue (but
castles, churches, and abbeys; among fields of olive will merely indicate its substance) betraying a cur-
and vine, and the roses and nightingales of Provence; rent conception of New York as the capital of Eng-
among the green pastures and sweet waters of the land and of the United States as the centre of the
Pyrenees; under the palms and pines and orange English-speaking world. Possibly this is a bit of
groves, the sky and air of the Mediterranean."
the geography of the future. A map of the Car.
Description and history and personal adventure are pathians, with the ronte followed marked in red, is
judiciously mingled in Mrs. Mason's leisurely chap- appended to the book; but no pictures vie with the
ters. The book is one of a series, of which she has narrative in holding the reader's pleased attention,
already written "The Spell of Italy," and like the nor does any index follow to obliterate the impres-
previous numbers this one is profusely illustrated sion of careless spontaneity on the part of the maker
from photographs.
of the book.
PERCY F. BICKNELL.
The motor-car, with the good roads it has brought
in its train, has in the last few years laid open An important work announced for early autumn is the
Algeria, a country of magnificent distances and journal of Macready, the famous actor, which has been
admirable highways, to the novelty-seeking tour prepared for the press by Mr. William Toynbee. Mac-
ist. Mr. Charles Thomas-Stanford, F.S.A., has pro ready wrote up his diary with great regularity, and
duced a good book of such random sight-seeing in
although Sir Frederick Pollock had access to the manu-
Algeria as was only made possible by this coexist-
script when preparing the “Reminiscences” that ap-
ence, in time and place, of the petroleum chariot
peared two years after Macready's death, it was thought
and the macadamized road. “ About Algeria” is
that the time had not come for allowing the many refer-
the short and sufficient title of the work, with a sub-
ences to contemporaries to be published. This veto has
now been removed, and the coming volumes will give us
title indicating that attention is devoted chiefly to many fresh glimpses of Bulwer Lytton, Dickens, Brown-
Algiers, Tlemcen, Constantine, Biskra, and Timgad. ing, Forster, Sir Theodore Martin, and other members
In the author's preliminary mention of previous book of Macready's brilliant circle.


1912.]
431
THE DIAL
especial interest. These deal with the effect of Eu-
NEW LIGHT ON THE DARK CONTINENT.*
ropean occupation as seen in the slave trade; with
To the European reader the Dark Continent pre the Congo atrocities and other phases of commercial
sents interests predominantly commercial and polit exploitation; with the liquor traffic; with the inborn
ical in their origin and force, with the added zest of laziness of the native, savage or educated, and his
propinquity. To the American reader, on the other failure to accumulate property; with the railway, of
hand, the lines of interest are historical, racial, and which the untutored savage makes immediate and
in a unique way idealistic — as evidenced by the abundant use. The need of an adequate economic
founding of Liberia, the Stanley relief expedition, foundation based on agriculture and technical edu-
and the missionary enterprises of American origin; cation is urgent. Ultimately the author believes the
while to these is added somewhat of the charm and continent must be a “White Man's Africa.” Details
attraction of the unknown and distant — though the of the appropriation of African territory by European
racial problems which the Ethiopian raises are ever powers, and the readjustments in progress or pend-
within our doors. It is significant of the revival of ing, are set forth; and we are given an account of
interest in things African that this season sees so the Cape-to-Cairo railway project. The author has
large a grist of books dealing with various phases compiled a helpful bibliography of over a hundred
of African life. Seven of the eight books here dealt titles, covering especially the recent works on the
with are of British authorship, and but one is writ- subject.
ten by an American. They view the land from many The most forbidding part of the Dark Continent
angles, - from the points of view of the sportsman, is the Great Kalahari Desert, where a few scattered
explorer, administrator, or journalist, of friend or Bushmen and wretched Hottentots eke out a miser-
critic of British rule.
able existence. A picture of the wild life of these
A compact handbook of Africa copiously drawn sandy wastes is to be found in Mr. Arnold W. Hod-
from the “Encyclopædia Britannica” (with due ac son's “Trekking the Great Thirst.” The author's
knowledgements) and other sources, supplemented duties as sub-inspector of the Bechuanaland Protec-
by a modicum of personal observation (apparently torate Police brought him into close contact with the
in Egypt) has been prepared by Dr. J. K. Goodrich.
native population, and gave him exceptional facilities
It is largely historical, descriptive, and statistical,
for sport and travel through this little-frequented land.
forming a useful compilation of facts regarding The main duties of the office which he held appear
Africa. Several chapters of general nature are of to have been the collection of the annual “hut tax"
AFRICA OF TO-Day. By Joseph King Goodrich, some-
and the settlement of occasional tribal disputes. Be-
time Professor in the Imperial Government College, Kyoto. yond checking destructive internecine warfare and
With illustrations and a map. Chicago : A.C. McClurg & Co. regulating the destruction of big game, the
governo
TREKKING THE GREAT THIRST. Travel and Sport in ment appears to render little service to the native
the Kalahari Desert, By Arnold W. Hodson, F.R.G.S.,
peoples of these desert wastes in return for this tax,
Sub-Inspector of the Bechuanaland Protectorate Police.
Edited by A. E. Nellen; with introductory note by Sir Ralph
whose main purpose appears to be to stimulate or
Williams, K.C.M.G., Governor of Newfoundland, and a fore compel the native to labor for the white man. Judg-
word by F. C. Selous. With illustrations and maps. New ing from descriptions and photographs, the term
York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
“hut tax” is severely stretched in applying it to the
MY ADVENTURES IN THE CONGO. By Marguerite Roby.
With illustrations and a map. New York: Longmans,
wretched wind-breaks of twigs and grass which the
Green & Co.
Bushmen call their homes. The writer fills his narra-
BABES IN THE AFRICAN WOOD. By Hon. R. Gorell
tive of official tours with much detail of sport with
Barnes. With illustrations and a map. New York: Long- hartebeeste, kudu, spring bok, and eland, and of ad-
Green & Co.
venture with leopards and the more formidable king
ANIMAL LIFE IN AFRICA. By Major J. Stevenson of beasts. Not less exciting are his tales of the great
Hamilton, F.R.G.S., C.M.Z.S., late 6th (Inniskilling) Dra-
goons, Warden Transvaal Government Game Preserves.
desert, of lost spoor and parched pan where the
With a foreword by Theodore Roosevelt. With illustrations wandering denizens of the desert were once wont to
and maps. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co.
drink at night. It is a very vivid picture of desert
THE TAILED HEAD-HUNTERS OF NIGERIA. An Ac travel and sport, of the wild life of shimmering tree-
count of an Official's Seven Years' Experiences in the
less wastes and of the untutored savage, which Mr.
Northern Nigerian Pagan Belt, and a Description of the
Hodson leaves in the mind of his reader. His illus-
Manners, Habits, and Customs of the Native Tribes. By
Major A. J. N. Tremearne, B.A. (Cantab.), F.R.G.S., trations are abundant and unique in character.
F.R.A.I. With illustrations and a map. Philadelphia:
J. B. Lippincott Co.
Miss Marguerite Roby's account of her “Adven-
THROUGH TIMBUCTOO AND ACROSS THE GREAT SAHARA.
tures in the Congo" is a book of wholly different
An Account of an Adventurous Journey of Exploration from
character from Mr. Hodson's, though she too was in
Sierra Leone to the Source of the Niger, following its Course search of sport. She traversed the wilds of Central
to its Bend at Gao and thence across the Great Sahara to Africa to the north of Rhodesia on a bicycle, alone
Algiers. By Captain A. H. W. Haywood, F.R.G.S., Royal
Artillery. With illustrations and a map. Philadelphia:
except for native porters, starting at the rail end
J. B. Lippincott Co.
of the northern extension of the Cape-to-Cairo line
ALONE IN WEST AFRICA. By Mary Gaunt. Illustrated. and skirting the eastern margin of Belgian Congo,
New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
emerging by way of Lake Victoria at Mombasa,
mans,


432
[June 1,
THE DIAL
exhausted by fever and stricken with blindness. among wild animals, studying their habits, and watch-
Her main theme is a denial of the atrocities in the ing them gradually loose their intense fear of man.”
Congo attributed to the Belgians. Her attitude is The writer is catholic in his views, and a noticeable
significantly portrayed in these words: “When the candor pervades his pages.
conquering white enters a black country, labour he “Experience teaches that however incredible some narra-
must and will have, let the theorists rave as they tive may appear at first sight, it may really be a perfectly
will." She evidently acted upon this belief in her
correct description of what took place; and therefore the
wider knowledge a man has of wild beasts and their ways,
treatment of her blacks, for she seems to have ap-
the less prone is he to disbelieve anything he may hear con-
plied the chicotte to their bare backs on the slight-cerning them. Man, even savage man, is utterly outside the
est provocation, continuing this policy to the bitter economy of wild life. There exists among the beasts of the
end, and in spite of the fact that desertion, treach.
forest a sort of freemasonry, to which he, and to some ex-
tent his domestic animals also, are strangers. The observer
ery, and sinister plot increased as she progressed on
little by little becomes conscious of this, and the longer he
her journey. She quite fails to appreciate the sig. studies wild animals in their native haunts the more forcibly
nificance of her one faithful boy, Thomas, in whose does he realize his ignorance of the motives which often con-
training the lash had no part. She saw no mutila-
trol their individual and collective actions."
tions in her short journey on the edge of the rubber An exceptionally high ethical standard (if one may
district; she interviewed Belgian officials for her in-apply such a term to any phase of the bloody busi-
formation, and attributes the reported mutilations ness of hunting) is revealed in his treatment of the
to native customs (doubtless a contributory factor). principles which should control the sportsman. He
But, according to her own story, she was sick and condemns the use of inadequate weapons, and of
even delirious during much of her transit of the shooting unless one is certain of a reasonable chance
Belgian territory. Her inadequately-founded con of securing his quarry; and he is scathing in his
clusions might carry more weight had she not so estimate alike of the pot-hunter and of the so-called
flagrantly disregarded the canons of tropical travel scientific collector who is a mere accumulator or who
in reckless exposure to fever, the tsetse fly, and noon uses his license for profit-making. An extensive
day heat, as well as in the use of liquor; and had and detailed account of camp equipment and pro-
she not permitted a certain element of exaggeration cedure, of the sportsman's outfit, and of independent
to creep into her pages. The illustrations accom travel in the wilds is given in the closing chapters.
panying her narrative are excellent.
Appendices give in full the game laws and regula-
The hunting expedition, or “safari,” of a London tions for the various British dependencies in Africa.
barrister and an American sportsman in British East Several good maps, numerous photographs taken in
Africa round about Mt. Kenai is described in Mr. R. the field, and a full index add to the value of the
Gorell Barnes's “Babes in the African Wood,” work. Colonel Theodore Roosevelt contributes a
misleading title, for the enterprise was by no means “foreword.” The growing custom, followed in this
infantile in proportions or success, and much of the book, of decapitalizing scientific names is to be de-
hunt was carried on not in the woods but in grassy
plored.
uplands. The author portrays vividly the long march, The remaining three books of our group deal with
the cautious trekking, the patient watch by night for Nigeria and the Gold Coast, — fever-stricken wastes
the return of the lion to his “kill,” and the more of swamp, jungle, forest, and desert, which, thanks
dangerous and exciting stalk of the elephant in the to the services of the Liverpool School of Tropical
jungle or of the wily“rhino” and treacherous buffalo. Medicine, are now open not only to trade and com-
The work is written in entertaining style, with occa merce but to primitive forms of travel for those who
sional lapses into jingling verse, and is abundantly are duly inducted into the necessary hygienic pre-
illustrated from photographs often mediocre in quality cautions. British and French administration have
and inadequately reproduced. An excellent chapter brought order and safety for the wayfarer in all but
discusses outfitting for big-game hunting in East the remotest corners of this ancient home of the
Africa, with details as to what to provide and where slave-driver. Major Tremearne's volume entitled
to buy it, and advice as to the qualifications and short “ The Tailed Head-Hunters of Nigeria" is based on
comings of the various tribes who serve as porters, seven years' experience as administrator in the re
gun-carriers, and stalkers.
mote wilds of Nigeria, among savage tribes upon
The sportsman or naturalist desiring to obtain a whom allegiance to British authority rests but lightly
comprehensive account from authentic sources of and intermittently. A military atmosphere pervades
the game animals, large and small (including even the work, and the author is no disciple of Grotius,
birds, reptiles, and fishes), of Africa will do well to much less a defender of arbitration. He is, rather,
consult Major R. Stevenson-Hamilton's “Animal a modern representative of the "old fighting spirit
Life in Africa." The author has spent many years
which has made the British nation what it is," a
in travel and sport in tropical Africa, and since 1902 true follower of those venturesome souls who single-
has been Warden in charge of the game preserves handed seized the trade and grasped the reins of
for the Transvaal Government. His opportunities power of a continent. With the sociological, educa-
for first-hand knowledge of his subject are unique, tional, and intellectual invasion of Africa he has less
for he spent nine years “not in hunting but in living sympathy.
a


1912.]
433
THE DIAL
“We are unfortunately educating the natives upon Euro- footpath leads to the Liberian College, and no one
pean lines, and the results are disastrous. A Filani chief
dreams of sanitation. The country lives on duties
who is proud of his rank is a man no one can help admiring;
the ex-canoe boy with a smattering of Latin inspires one only
levied on goods in transit to and from the hinter-
with contempt. Our cantonments, too, are built according to land, but local enterprise is wholly stified in the
English ideas, and we have spoiled the beauty of many a spot ignorance and sloth of the descendants of slaves who
noted before for its loveliness. I suppose West Africa will
misrule the land. The retrogression of Liberia is
some day be as safe as Ireland. A very desirable state of affairs
for the Government, perhaps, but — heavens! - how dreary!"
the more marked by reason of the prosperity and
The writer is of a scientific turn of mind, and intro-
sanitation of other West African towns under Brit-
duces not only a narrative of his more exciting ad-
ish, French, and German rule. The author praises
ventures among these savage and often warlike
most the thrift and enterprise noticeable in the Ger-
peoples, but devotes most of his book to an account
man dependencies, where the methods of modern
of the social economy, superstitions and customs,
science are applied with thoroughness and often with
music, dancing, occupations, head-hunting propensi-
a rigor to which the native is quite unwonted. This
ties, modes of travel, and folk-lore of the savage
backwardness of the English settlements in contrast
tribes of Northern Nigeria. Head-hunting is, or was,
with those of the French, and especially the German,
much the fashion among the warriors, and tails are
calls forth repeated comment. Miss Gaunt's book
still de rigueur for the women after marriage. These
is unique among those here reviewed in the historical
are not, however, of an anatomical nature, but rather atmosphere which pervades its pages. She tells us
curious constructions of beads and brass, often with
that in the days of slave-trader and buccaneer, when
a little iron bell added.
Fever was unchallenged monarch of the Gold Coast,
Captain Haywood's “Through Timbuctoo and
there sprang into intermittent notoriety along this
shore a chain of forts or castles of English, French,
across the Great Sahara” is a vivid picture of the
rapid journey of an English officer, familiar with
Portuguese, and Danish origin, whose cemeteries
filled faster than their courts or dungeons. Now they
West African travel, from Freetown in Sierre Leone
along the Upper and Middle Niger to Timbuctoo
are all abandoned, and the trailing creepers of the
and thence across the desert wastes of the Sahara to
jungle entwine their battlements, and shifting sands
obliterate their defences. Quinine and the mosquito
Algiers. The writer is evidently an experienced
and observant traveller, keen to note whatever is
net are conquering the Guinea Coast, and the quest
novel and significant along his path, and he wields
for rubber is opening tbe jungle where the search
for gold failed.
a facile pen in relating his narrative. He tells us
CHARLES ATWOOD KOFOID.
much of sport, native customs, natural features, and
the social, political, and economic features of the
tribes with whom he came in contact. The most
RECENT FICTION.*
interesting and novel part of his story is his account
of his trip from Timbuctoo to Algiers across the
The tragical history of Anne Boleyn should pro-
Sahara by camel,
vide excellent material for a historical novel, and
a race with thirst, and (at the
it has been turned to good account by Mrs. Mary
season of his expedition) with death itself, for wells
are few and far between, yield at the best but scanty
Hastings Bradley in her ironically entitled “The
Favor of Kings." Mrs. Bradley has been for several
supplies of water, and may go dry. A single mis-
hap such as a straying camel, a broken waterskin,
years one of the most successful American writers
or an exhausted well, and the caravan comes to an
of short stories, but the present venture is her first
untimely end. Marvellous indeed is the skill of the
work of considerable length. It is written in a spirit
Arab guide in finding his way across these trackless
of high seriousness, intent upon portraying with close
historical truth the character of the ill-starred queen,
wastes of shifting sand, and no less wonderful the
instinct of the camel which leads him to the well. *THE FAVOR OF Kings. By Mary Hastings Bradley.
The author's vivid style and characteristic photo New York: D. Appleton & Co.
graphs render his account of the desert
THE SQUIRREL CAGE. By Dorothy Canfield. New York:
inter-
very
Henry Holt & Co.
esting and realistic.
COUNSEL FOR THE DEFENSE. By Leroy Scott. New
A newspaper woman's account of a trip for“copy” | York: Doubleday, Page & Co.
along the coast of West Africa through Sierre Leone, FATE KNOCKS AT THE DOOR. By Will Levington Com-
Liberia, the French Ivory Coast, and the Gold Coast
fort. Philadelphia : J. B. Lippincott Co.
into German Togoland is to be found in Mrs. Mary
THE SECOND DELUGE. By Garrett P. Serviss. New
York: McBride, Nast & Co.
Gaunt's “Alone in West Africa.” Much to the ter-
THE LAST Try. By John Reed Scott. Philadelphia :
ror of District Commissioners on whom the
responsi-
J. B. Lippincott Co.
bility of her safe conduct fell, she performed the THE MYSTERY OF THE BOULE CABINET. By Burton E.
seemingly impossible feat of going by land with por Stevenson. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co.
ters along this coast instead of by the usual trading
THE POSITION OF PEGGY. By Leonard Merrick. New
York: Mitchell Kennerley.
steamers. It is not an encouraging report which she
THE ACTOR-MANAGER. By Leonard Merrick. New
gives of conditions in Liberia, "where the black man York: Mitchell Kennerley.
rules.” Monrovia, the capital city, is without roads, THE SIMPKINS Plot. By G. A. Birmingham. New
and almost hidden by weeds and the jungle. A York: The George H. Doran Co.


434
[June 1,
THE DIAL
the age
and of reproducing the very form and pressure of Middle-class society in an Ohio town of moderate
and country in which her lot was cast. The size is minutely pictured by Miss Dorothy Canfield
work has been done in the most conscientious man. in “The Squirrel Cage.” It is a microcosm of
ner, and represents the labor of five or six years, American society in general; at least, of that sec-
during which period the subject has been studied not tion thereof which feeds its idealism upon “The
only in the light of the standard histories, but with Ladies' Home Journal," and its ambitions and its
constant reference to the sources. Every recorded antics are vividly suggested by the metaphor of the
word of Anne's own writing, as well as every say. title. Into this environment Lydia Emery is plunged,
ing attributed to her by others, has been carefully after she is “finished” at a fashionable school and
weighed, and, wherever possible, incorporated into has had a year of foreign travel. Now Lydia is a
the narrative. The State papers of the reign, the nice girl, who has some notion of the things that
correspondence of the King, the Spanish ambassa- really matter, but she is not strong enough to assert
dors, the French court, and the Papal agents, the her individuality until society has worked its mis-
works of the old English chroniclers, have all been chief upon her. She is persuaded and cajoled into
drawn upon for primary and collateral material, and accepting the husband that her environment has
used with skilful effect. A few inconsequential lib- predestined for her, a pushing and successful busi-
erties have been taken, and are admitted, but in the ness man to whom the conventions of “the squirrel
main the work is faithful to fact, and will bear the cage” are social principles not to be questioned.
scrutiny of the experts. The way in which the actual Meanwhile, a real man, who has flouted convention,
words of Anne and others are introduced into the and learned to support himself by his own hands, is
dialogue is admirably artistic, and the feeling of there in the background, and is clearly the one whom
romance is blended with the truth of history in a Lydia ought to have married. After several years
fashion to deserve very high praise. The method of a mismated existence, the husband is killed in an
above suggested would, in the hands of a less expe- accident, and the wife is left with one child in fact
rienced writer, be likely to result in an obviously and another in prospect. She is morbidly convinced
artificial construction; the joints of the framework that she will not outlive the birth of the second child,
would be too clearly in evidence, and the brocades and determines to entrust them both to the guardian-
would hang too stiffly. Weget almost nothing of this ship of the man who has turned his back upon
from Mrs. Bradley's deft cabinet work and investi-society, hoping thereby to save their future from the
ture, but instead examples of living and breathing dreary round of existence in "the squirrel cage."
portraiture in a setting which suffers neither from Fortunately, her fears are not realized, and she is
over-elaboration nor from a pedantic insistence upon spared to shape for them and for herself a saner
non-essentials.
“I have tried to paint,” says the mode of existence than that which has well nigh
author, “and to offer the Anne Boleyn of this story, a proved her undoing. Miss Canfield understands the
very human girl, gay and fearless and rashly proud, folly of the sham and artificiality that clog most
as the likeness of that Anne who dared and lost so human lives, and satirizes it most effectively in her
long ago and whose blood was the first of any woman description. The picture is perhaps over-elaborated,
to stain an English scaffold.” It would have been pain- but its truthfulness is beyond question.
· fully easy, after the fashion of the Wardour Street Miss Katherine West, returning to her home in
school of historical fiction, to bedeck this narrative Westville, Indiana, after completing her education,
with rhetorical fustian and to bedew its course with which has included the study of law, finds Dr. West,
tearful sentiment; we notice with relief that Mrs. her father, under indictment for bribery in connec-
Bradley has resorted to neither of these cheap tion with the construction of the municipal water-
devices, but has instead kept a high artistic aim well works system of which he has been in charge. He is
in sight as the tragedy inexorably develops and one of the most highly-respected of Westville's citi.
deepens to its close. We feel that the most episodical zens, enjoying the complete confidence of the com-
material introduced makes its contribution to the munity, but the evidence that he has accepted money
unity of the whole action, and the sense of tragic is convincing, and his plea that he thought the money
doom that comes with the closing chapters is like a a contribution to one of his philanthropical enter-
storm-cloud that has been steadily gathering from prises seems too flimsy to be considered. The case
the days of Anne's blithe and light-hearted maiden goes against him, and he is convicted and sent to
hood when she came to England from the French prison. Thus opens Mr. Scott's “Counsel for the De-
court, not unsophisticated, to see, to conquer, to win fence.” Then Katherine gets busy, suspecting a deep-
for herself the proudest rank the world could offer, laid conspiracy having its roots in a morass of polit-
and to realize in her downfall the vanity of all ical corruption, and determines to reopen the case
worldly ambitions. The chapters which bring her and secure her father's rehabilitation. She gropes
career to an end are made very fine indeed by the vainly about for evidence, but at length comes upon
insight and power that they reveal, by their effect a clue, which she follows persistently to the end,
of artistic consummation, and by the distinction of revealing the whole conspiracy, and accomplishing
their style. Much is to be expected from a writer her father's release. Her chief ally is the editor of
whose first book exhibits such qualities as are to be a local newspaper, who has been particularly violent
found in “The Favor of Kings.”
in his denunciation of Dr. West, but who is honest,


1912.]
435
THE DIAL
although brutal in his methods. Katherine is at first calcined... Only here and there was a bit of real litera-
repelled by him, then attracted, and finally a love-
ture - usually by a woman. The men seemed hung up to
story of considerable intensity develops between
dry at twenty-five. There was no manhood of mind.”
them. His somewhat old-fashioned notions of what
In contrast to this conception of woman, we have
the hero's own, which is thus formulated :
a woman should be and how she should comport
“I believe that woman is the bread-giver, spiritual and
herself are rudely shocked by Katherine's activities,
material; that it is she who conserves the ideals and rewards
but he makes a graceful surrender when he realizes man for fineness and power—when she has a chance. But
how effective her methods have been. The story is
I also believe that woman must conquer in herself - the
bluntly told, with a well-appointed plot and much
love of luxury, her vanity, her fierce competition for worldly
position - if only for the disastrous effect of such evils upon
dramatic force, and shows much intimacy with the
men. They force him to lower his dreams of her, who should
sort of corruption, born of an alliance between busi-
be high-priestess. . . . It is woman who has turned the brute
ness and politics, which is a festering sore in the life mind of the world from war, and woman will turn the furi-
of so many American cities.
ous current of the race to-day from the pits of trade, where
abides the twentieth century lie."
“ Fate Knocks at the Door” is Mr. Will Levington In the face of such an idealism as this, how pitiful
Comfort's third novel, and again he impresses us appears the ambition of women to achieve the vote,
by the opulence of his diction, by the range of his or to force themselves into the occupations which
thought and observation, and by the intensity with belong to men! There is a great deal of rhapsodiz-
which his characters are delineated and his situations
ing in this book, and it clogs the plot considerably,
unfolded. The underlying plan of the book is sug but a plot there is, and a fairly interesting one. It
gested by the structure of the symphony, and its chiefly concerns Bedient, and the young woman ar-
four parts correspond to the four movements of the
tist, Beth Truba, predestined to be his soul-mate.
traditional sonata-form, being described by the con He finds her in New York, and the conquest, though
ventional terms. In this there seems to be more of difficult, is complete. Bedient has large possessions
artifice than of reality, and if the table of contents in Equatoria, which is a Spanish island-republic in
did not give such a direction to our thoughts, the plan the Carribean, and the narrative acquires swift dra-
would not otherwise be apparent. That the writer matic action and vivid coloring in the closing chap-
has a deep sense of the power and significance of ters, which deal with an abortive revolution in that
music is, however, made evident by many passages . toy state. It is like the whirlwind finish of Mr.
which could not have been written by one who had
Comfort's last year's novel, with the rumblings of
not felt music to be the most searching of agencies | Mont Pelée for a chorus. The mysticism with which
for the interpretation of life. It is through an ac this book is more than tinged is not unpleasant, and
quaintance with the C minor symphony of Beethoven gives it a special distinction. The style is at times
that the hero finds himself and comes to an under-affected to the point of turgidity, but at its best
standing with humanity, while the motto of that work, strikingly poetical and full of pregnant meanings.
So pocht das Schicksal an die Pforte, supplies his The sort of scientific sensationalism which was
story with a title. An even more appropriate title
made popular in fiction by Jules Verne, and of
might have been borrowed from the closing words
which Mr. H. G. Wells has been one of the most
of “Faust,”
successful exponents in more recent years, has been
“ Das Ewigweibliche
Zieht uns hinan,”
resorted to in "The Second Deluge,” by Mr. Garrett
P. Serviss, the well-known popularizer of astro-
for the book is essentially a pæan in praise of woman-
nomical knowledge. The book tells of one Cosmo
hood as the source of all spiritual beauty, and as the
inspirer of everything in character that is lovely and
Versál, astronomer and physicist, who observes a
of good report. Although of American origin, An- slight dimming of the stars in a certain quarter of
the heavens, and who, by means of a special spec-
drew Bedient has been cast upon the world in child-
hood, and by the time he is a young man has gained that aqueous vapor is the cause of the obscuration.
troscope
of his own invention, is enabled to prove
a rich experience of life on the seven seas, in the
Philippines, in Kashmir, in Australia, and in the
From these facts he concludes that a vast watery
lands of the Caribbean. The Bible and the Bhagavad-
nebula has strayed into the solar system, and that
the earth is making straight for it. It means con-
Gita have been almost his only books when he makes
densation sufficient to envelope the globe with a
his acquaintance with American fiction.
film of water six miles deep, and the consequent
“The love of man and woman which the stories in gen-
eral exploited, struck him of Indian ideals as shifty and
extinction of all the land fauna, mankind included.
pestilential. The woman of fiction was equipped with every Although Versál’s predictions are supported by the
thing to make her as common as man.
She was glib, pert, most cogent reasoning, his warnings to the learned
mundane, her mind a chatter-mill,- a creature of fur, paint,
societies and governments of the world go
unheeded,
hair, and absurdly young. The clink of coins was her most
favorable accompaniment, and her giving of self was a sort
and he becomes an object of derision. He advises
of disrobing formality. The men who pursued her were people everywhere to build arks while there is yet
froward and solicitous. : There was something of sacrilege time, and himself sets the example by constructing
about it all. The minds and souls of real women --
- such
an enormous vessel of levium (a newly-discovered
were not matters for American story; and yet the Americans
wrote with dangerous facility. Bedient, who worshipped metal), capable of providing accommodations for
the abstraction, Womanhood, felt his intelligence seared, one thousand people. When the disaster becomes


436
[June 1,
THE DIAL
Both are
imminent, this ark is the sole refuge of humanity, Mr. Leonard Merrick is an English novelist, hav.
and it is filled with selected guests, representative ing a dozen or more books already to his credit, who
of what is best worth preserving of the human race, has been winning golden opinions from discriminat-
besides being stocked with animals. As the earth
As the earth ing critics, and who certainly deserves a wider popu-
nears the outer spirals of the nebula, there are pro larity than he has hitherto enjoyed with American
digious portents, and when the deluge comes, the ark readers. The publisher who has recently undertaken
floats on the waters, and is navigated over the sub to introduce him in this country has just put forth
merged continents, until it floats above the crest of “The Position of Peggy,” a new work, and “The
the Himalayas. All of the race has perished except Actor-Manager," one not quite so new.
the remnant in Versal's ark, a few forehanded French concerned with the theatre in England and with the
men who have escaped in a submarine, and a group lives of the player-folk. The subject is one that Mr.
of refugees in Colorado, who have been saved by a Merrick knows through and through, and he deals
fortunate “batholite," or forcing up of the earth's with it sympathetically. His method is that of un-
crust in that region by pressure from beneath. Mr. affected simplicity and naturalness, a method which
Serviss shows great inventiveness in the development is content to give a plain transcript of real conditions,
of this story of a twentieth-century Noah, and his and which aims neither at ingeniously strained situ-
book is a fair match to Mr. Wells's romance, “In ations, nor at sensational effects. The actors who
the Days of the Comet.” The story ends with the are Mr. Merrick's heroes and heroines are in no way
beginnings of a new organization of human society showy persons of widely-advertised fame, but humble
in the Rocky Mountain region, at a time when the members of the profession who find it hard to make
absorption of the waters has once more brought a bare living, and who know at first hand the full
Mount Everest and the Thibetan plateau above the meaning of the struggle with poverty. In each of
surface.
the novels before us we are concerned with a man
Those who remember pleasantly “The Colonel of
and two women. One woman is the wrong one, with
the Red Huzzars” and “The Princess Dehra," by whom the man gets entangled before he is old enough
Mr. John Reed Scott, will welcome the entertain. to make a wise choice, and the other is the right one,
ment provided in "The Last Try,” which tells of who saves him from the error of his youth. In “The
the later fortunes of some of the characters in those Position of Peggy,” there is a long engagement,
romantic inventions. The story is dated five years
brought about and kept up by the chivalry of the hero,
after the successful establishment of Dehra and her but it does not lead to marriage, because Peggy's head
American consort upon the throne of Valeria, and is turned by her success in musical comedy, and she
the discomfiture of the pretender Lotzen. It tells turns from her former lover to one of her gilded
of Lotzen's last desperate effort to gain his ends, in- admirers, which leaves the former free to follow the
cluding several attempts to assassinate the King, the promptings of his heart.
In “The Actor-Manager,"
kidnapping of the Princess, her exciting rescue, and the hero marries one of his associates, only to discover
the sword conflict in which Lotzen pays the final
that she is vain, selfish, and worldly, which means
penalty for his misdeeds. The scene of the ear a hopeless clash between her ideals and his own. A
lier chapters is in Washington, but the action is divorce smoothes the path for the woman whom the
soon transferred to Valeria, where the atmosphere hero has come to love, and the curtain goes down
becomes thick with plot and counterplot, with upon a prospect of happiness to come. One passage
intrigue, conspiracy, and exciting adventure. It is in this book is so timely, as expressing the aims and
all stuff of a very artificial sort, but fairly good of ideals of those who are now engaged in the Herculean
its kind.
task of making the stage a vital influence for good
Mr. Burton Stevenson is one of our most success-
upon our modern life, that it deserves quotation. It
ful spinners of detective yarns, and his “Mystery is the vision of the “actor-manager” for whom the
of the Boule Cabinet” holds the attention unrelaxed. book is named.
That villainous piece of furniture is guilty of several
"I see a small theatre, and at this theatre the one literary
medium for the drama is n't held to be the baldest prose;
baffling murders, for it has two secret drawers, and
poetry is neither divorced from the stage, nor limited to
one of them is protected by a spring which injects Shakespeare - it is thought possible to test the work of a
hydrocyanic acid into the knuckles of those who fool poet who has not had centuries of advertising! But the
with it, whereupon they keel over and die. This is realist is as welcome as the poet; oh, he is welcome! Only
the device of Crochard the Invincible, genius among
the plays are literature, and they are real plays. The men
and women live! They are not puppets pulled by inexorable
French criminals, who has stolen the Michaelovitch strings through four acts to a conventional end. Reward
diamonds and hidden them in the protected drawer. for virtue and punishment for vice are shown to exist in the
He then contrives to have the cabinet shipped to
soul, and not in material success and failure. To depict the
America to the address of a well-known collector of
world as a school, where virtue wins the prize and vice gets
a flogging, is immoral. The parts around me aren't written
antiques, and, himself following, indulges in various down to bring my part into greater prominence. The
machinations to recover possession of it. He finally dramatist who comes to me is free; free to be true to his
gets away with the jewels, to the discomfiture of own convictions and his art; free to choose his characters
the French police agents, whom he tricks most inge-
where he will, and to trace their legitimate development, free
to make the 'lost' woman noble, and the 'godly' woman
niously and outrageously.
vile — for such things are ! — and the love within him for


1912.]
437
THE DIAL
Outdoor scenes
all humanity would point the moral when it needed pointing.
The real playwright is your real optimist — your real Christ-
VARIOUS BOOKS FOR SUMMER READING.
follower, for he shows that sin doesn't mean damnation, and
that there is redemption for the pure in heart. The one
Ananthology so distinctly worth while
command laid upon him is to see things nobly — that his and thoughts that one is surprised that it had not
deeper vision shall help the crowd."
from Whitman. been attempted before is “The Roll-
The Irish humorist known as “G. A. Birming- ing Earth" (Houghton), a little volume of passages
ham,” who was introduced to the American public on Nature and out-door life selected from Walt
a few months ago by the republication of a group of Whitman's poems and diaries. Much has been said
three of his novels,—“Spanish Gold,” “The Search of Whitman's curious blending of egoism with the
Party,” and “Lalage's Lovers,” reviewed in our sense of brotherhood; his more intemperate disciples
issue of Feb. 16 last, now claims our attention for have written of his resemblance to Christ; and hostile
a fourth book, "The Simpkins Plot." Here, as in
Here, as in critics have attacked his exhibitionism and his indif-
“Spanish Gold,” we make the acquaintance of the ference to artistic form. But few writers have fitly
Reverend J. J. Meldon, curate of Ballymoy, and emphasized his attitude toward Nature—as Mr.John
his friend, Major Kent. The parson, who is as Burroughs, his life-long friend and fellow observer,
audaciously resourceful as ever, finds an object for has done pithily and charmingly, in an Introduction
his dark devices in an attractive young woman whom contributed to the present volume. In these varied
he meets on a railway train, bound like himself for and well-chosen selections, Whitman speaks in his
Ballymoy. She is in reality an inoffensive woman
own person, watching “God's calm annual drama”
of letters, a niece of Sir Gilbert Hawkesby, and has with never-failing sympathy and receptivity. Insect
taken an Irish country house for the summer, in and bird, tree and flower, dawn and twilight, noon
order that she may have a quiet place for her work. and night, sea and land, and the inscrutable “rolling
But it so happens that she closely resembles a mur earth" itself, all are represented here, and before all
deress who has been acquitted only the day before of them Whitman stands fervid yet reverent, seek-
by an emotional jury, in the face of a terrific charge ing to read the unspoken meanings of the earth.”
by Sir Gilbert himself. The parson, having seen In this reading, Whitman, like his contemporary
illustrated newspaper reports of the case, mistakes Thoreau, was greatly aided (and hindered at times,
his travelling companion for the murderess, and, en no doubt) by his delicate and powerful sensuousness.
gaging her in conversation, seeks to draw her out. With him, the sense of smell, for instance, normally
He becomes quite convinced of the identification, and the most sluggish of the senses, was extremely active.
when he learns, on reaching Ballymoy, that the peace There is an exquisite smell of the earth at day-
of the place has recently been disturbed by the doings break," and the night has a “natural perfume belong-
of a meddlesome government inspector named Simp- ing to the night alone.” The odor of apples, of the
kins, who has become very unpopular in the com cedar, and of Indian corn, pervades many of his pages.
munity, he sets about planning ways and means for Corn when gathered has an aroma “rich, rare, ripe,
the removal of this inconsiderate intruder. Believ- peculiar," and at night is “just-palpable.” He was
ing that the young woman is guilty of the murder
fond of just-palpable odors, but he loved also the
of her husband, and assuming that she would cheer- strong perfume of lilac blossoms. The complex im-
fully murder another, having "got away" with her pressions of the night, he says, came to him chiefly
first experiment in crime, he determines that Simp- through the sense of smell. “There is a scent to
kins shall be persuaded to make love to her. If the everything," he wrote in his diary; "even the snow,
match is accomplished, it will prove a convenient if you can detect it — no two places, hardly any two
and expeditious way of ridding the village of his hours, anywhere, exactly alike.” And what is true
undesired presence. The rest of the story deals of his sense of smell is substantially true of his other
with his devices for bringing the two together, and sensuous faculties. So highly did he value these that
for getting them interested in one another. Unfor. he even spoke of the “soul senses,” and asserted that
tunately for the parson's hopes, the Major himself the spirit receives from the body no less than it gives.
becomes enamored of the young woman, and when Significantly, one of the commonest words in his writ-
Sir Gilbert himself appears upon the scene, the ings is "absorbing.” He absorbed anything as bulky
guest of his niece, the whole imaginative fabric upon as Kanada, or as impalpable as the dusky green of
which the plot is based crumbles to the ground, the cedar. Everything in Nature— fresh air, swamp
and Simpkins is saved, from matrimony if from odors, the song of the wood-thrush-was to him so
nothing worse. The whole farcical situation is much spiritual food. In most of Whitman's great-
handled with great skill, and with much joyous exbi-
“When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard
bition of the humors of Irish character. The par Bloom'd,” “Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking'
son is the same loquacious, audacious, and inventive Crossing Brooklyn Ferry," and isolated passages
person who figured in “Spanish Gold,” and it is
such as that beginning “I am he that walks with the
refreshing to be once again in his society. This tender and growing night,” Nature is more promi-
irresponsible light-hearted comedy is an ideal book nent than the democratic propaganda that Whitman
for the lazy summer hours.
was impelled so insistently to set forth. The mysti-
WILLIAM MORTON PAYNE. cal revelation of Nature's meanings came to him, it
est poems


438
(June 1,
THE DIAL
idleness.
For the
traveller
in Italy.
should be noted, on a “transparent summer morning" | indifferent to pain, and an enthusiastic appreciation
when, as he says, he and his soul lay together on for the men who are interpreting the age, and fur-
the ground (a passage which, unfortunately, has not nishing it with a varied gospel of betterment. Mr.
found its way into this collection); and throughout Jackson's "Introductions," as he terms his casual
his life Whitman sought to bring everything to the interpretations of Maeterlinck, Chesterton, Wells,
test of the open air -all books, all observation, all Robert Blatchford, and Will Rothenstein, contain
philosophy and religion. He spoke his own poems some of his most sincere and earnest work. Par-
to the wind, and bade his readers do likewise. Born ticularly good, as is natural considering the kinship
and bred on “fish-shaped Paumanok," with clover of their thought, is the Introduction to Mr. Chester-
and winding lanes and cow-processions” about him, ton.—Mr. Belloc's idea of amusing himself with
and the moody ocean rolling its waves to the shore life is to prick its popular fallacies and to supply odd
almost within hearing distance, he learned to love data that will give color to its current commonplaces.
Nature, both pastoral and wild. Gentle Nature he The commonplaces he fronts squarely; he has none
celebrated especially in his diaries covering the years of Mr. Chesterton's art of making them appear
sud-
of his convalescence in New Jersey; wild Nature, denly new and strange. His way is to interpret them
generally the ocean, he celebrated constantly in his by parable, to tinge them with kindly irony, to look
verse. The little volume embodying the best of this at them through the eyes of old men, to invest them
writing has been given an attractive setting by its with the great associations of history. “First and
publishers.
Last " contains many entertaining, if not momentous,
Kindred in lightness of mood and man discussions on such varied topics as cheeses, captains
Essays in
ner, and in an intention to reveal the of industry, St. Patrick, the tide, the Public, and
unsuspected charm of every-day liv the Battle of Hastings. It is just the sort of book
ing, are two volumes of recently-issued essays,—one, to explore on a rainy holiday afternoon. Its adven-
called "First and Last," containing a fresh supply tures are quainter than Mr. Jackson’s, less strenuous,
of Mr. Hilaire Belloc's dainty trifling (Dutton); the less youthful. For a sunny, windy, sea-side holiday,
other, “Romance and Reality” (Kennerley), being Mr. Jackson's book will be in better tune.
practically Mr. Holbrook Jackson's introduction to
We are glad to call attention to the
our reading public. Mr. Jackson is of the school of
revised editions of Grant Allen's ad.
Chesterton and Belloc; in thought he has closer
affinity with G. K. C., but the graceful rather than
mirable guide-books to Venice, the
forceful style of his essays is nearer to Mr. Belloc's
Umbrian Towns, and the Smaller Tuscan Towns, and
gentle, genial way of putting things. Mr. Jackson especially to the new volume on the delightful group
of little Tuscan cities, - Arezzo, Pistoia, Lucca, Pisa,
opens fire with a distinctively Chestertonic declara-
Siena, and the rest — that are so deservedly dear to
tion.
all lovers of Italy. These volumes (published by
“I like to do no ning, - to sit by a fire in winter, or in
a garden in summer; to loaf on a sea-beach with the sun on
Messrs. Holt) are attractive and convenient in form,
me; to hang over a pier-head and watch the waves in their clear, orderly, well-written, and constructed on sound
green and white tantrums; to sit in a brasserie on a Parisian principles. While they are adapted typographically
boulevard with a common bock, and the people moving to
to the use of the hurried traveller, they assume a
and fro; . . . to forget haste and effort in old empty churches,
or drowsy taverns; to rest by a roadside hedge, or in a
stay of some length in the fascinating towns they
churchyard where sheep browse; to sit on a fence — these describe, and they therefore lead the visitor to the
things please me well.”
monuments in chronological sequence, so that, at
Work, in Mr. Jackson's philosophy, is a necessary the end of his stay, he may have a really organic
and almost universal evil; possibly, too, it adds rel. impression of the city as a whole, of its history and
ish to idleness, — to the happy margin of real living its art. They are enriched with well-executed
for which it provides the means. Doing nothing reproductions, from photographs, of monuments
involves, for Mr. Jackson, besides sitting about in elsewhere for the sake of comparison with those de-
pleasant places, "going to Nowhere,” — along the scribed in the text. The idea is a good one, and
open road with its wayside treasures, or by city might be carried further to advantage. But the
streets that never yield up the full richness of their great value of the series, in our judgment, resides
humanity to the man who is hurrying somewhere. It in the emphasis laid upon what may be called the
involves, also, an acceptance of the gospel of “Peter- human, as distinguished from the exclusively artis-
pantheism,” a realization that, in the capacity for tic, interest of the monuments. Mr. Maurice Hew.
pure joy of living, “the most superb adult is a dis lett somewhere says: “The question whether this
mal failure beside a child making mud pies or a or that bad picture is by Duccio or Cimabue is noth-
kitten chasing its tail.” And with the spirit of youth, ing to me. Sufficient is it that somebody painted
of play and make-believe, with the love of "going the thing to somebody's order. Now how near does
to Nowhere” and seeing much by the way, go a hot it take me to those dead people in whose country I
distaste for the noisy trafficking of our "hucksters' stand?” This point of view is applicable to all pic-
age," a deep pity for the hopeless, hunger-tamed tures, good as well as bad, and indeed to all artistic
wrecks of humanity, who, borne down by the struggle, production; and it is to the credit of the editors of
have lost their capacity for joy and become almost this series that they have adopted it. In the in-


1912.]
439
THE DIAL
-
.
troduction to the volume on Venice, Mr. Allen sive volumes dealing with our trees in scientific man-
wrote: “Instead of looking upon monuments ner and telling us all about their relationships and
mainly as the product of this or that architect, I their kinds; but there is no other that gives us in
look
upon
them rather as material embodiments of clear and concise form the wisdom of the trees, the
the spirit of the age-crystallizations, as it were, in science of the forest. The author is a trained for-
stone and bronze, in form and colour, of great popu ester; he has been for many years a member of the
lar enthusiasms.” As a consequence, the traveller Pennsylvania Forestry Commission, and so knows
is led to see the human uses to which architecture whereof he speaks. While we are all prone to ad-
and painting were put in the brave days of old, and mire the forests, to grow eloquent in their praise,
it is impossible that such associations should not give here is one man at least who with his associates is
a vitality and permanence to his impressions that actually doing something to make these gifts of na-
they could hardly otherwise have. Naturally, this ture permanent, teaching men to use and not to de-
admirable principle is not perfectly carried out; but, stroy, to cover the mountains with the mantle of
at least, the traveller who uses these guide-books protection and not leave them to be ruined by the
will never be able to think of the churches he has merciless erosion of the elements. Mr. Elliott's
seen as mere museums, nor the pictures as utterly handbook is so well arranged, so beautifully illus-
divorced from the altars over which they once hung. trated, and so simple in style, that it can be enjoyed
The errors that we have noted are neither numerous and used by everybody. The forest-owner will want
nor important. The account of Assisi is perhaps, to it, to aid him in the care of his estate; the lumber-
a sensitive eye, unduly colored by the preconcep man must have it and follow its counsels, or his in-
tions of M. Sabatier. At any rate, the interesting dustry will perish; the farmer will read it and learn
little chapel in the fields below the city, which M. to save his hillsides from erosion and his meadows
Sabatier, in defiance of tradition, calls “the true from destruction. In short, this is a book on real
Rivo Torto,” is dedicated not to San Giovanni, but conservation; but it is a book on restoration as well.
to San Rufino d'Arce, a local saint. The Sodoma It tells us not only how to use the land that is ours,
frescoes on either side of the altar in the chapel of but how to retrieve the follies of yesterday, — how
St. Catherine at San Domenico in Siena are wrongly to rebuild the waste places, how to save our soil-
described. The one represents the Stigmatization of wealth from ultimate destruction. The first of the
the Saint at Pisa, the other the occasion when, not two parts into which the volume is divided is for
being able to go to the altar in San Domenico, she was the land-owner, who may learn here to plant the
communicated by Christ Himself. Considering the seeds of the grove, how to care for seedlings, how
great influence of Catherine in her own day and her to transplant. The second part describes every valu-
permanent hold upon the affections of men, it seems able forest tree of the country, and enumerates its
hardly justifiable to reduce her biography to the qualities and its possibility of service in human in-
statement that she was “the daughter of a dyer, dustry. The book as a whole is as timely as it is
born in Siena in 1347.” Finally, in the article on valuable. Its precepts must be heeded, and heeded
Montefalco, that little shrine of Umbrian art, there now, if this nation would avoid the irretrievable
is a typical guide book error, which is not common, disaster that has befallen Palestine and Spain.
we think, in this series, but which is worth noting
Amateurs as well as those more ad.
for its moral. In the church of San Francesco, there The book of
is a group of three saints attributed to Lo Spagna,
vanced in the study of butterflies
Butterflies.
and named, on the canvas itself, “S. Vicentius,
will rejoice over the very intelligible
S. Illuminata, S. Nicolaus.” These names the article
“Butterfly and Moth Book” by Mrs. Ellen Robertson-
accepts without question or comment. But inasmuch
Miller. The book begins with the statement that
as the female saint is crowned and bears the palm
“the history of a moth or butterfly is a veritable
and wheel, it requires no great knowledge of hagi- fairy-tale, and of absorbing interest when we study
ology to identify her, in spite of the inscription, as
the development of the insect through the four
St. Catherine of Alexandria. Moreover, the name
periods of its existence.” The story of over thirty
moths or butterflies is traced through the egg, cater-
Umbria it generally means Nicholas of Bari, while
pillar, pupa, and winged stage, and made clear not
the saint so named in this picture is plainly Nicholas
only by the text, but by a wonderful series of pho-
of Tolentino, who flourished a thousand years later
tographs. Even the ignoramus to whom all cater-
than the benevolent bishop. But these are trifles.
pillars are only ugly crawling things cannot repress
The books are invaluable to all intelligent travellers
a dip into the book here and there to find out how
in Italy.
the beautiful Modesta comes from her ugly “worm
of promise," or the Viceroy from a caterpillar all
The best book on American Forests, humps and bumps. And ten to one after a dip or
A hand-book
of American their use and conservation, that has two he is in for the whole book, and comes out an
forestry.
yet been written is Mr. Simon B. ignoramus no longer, - which is to say that the
Elliott's “The Important Timber-Trees of the United book accomplishes the rare alliance of scientific accu-
States," just published by the Houghton Mifflin Co. racy and fulness with popular interest. The answer
There are larger tree-books, sumptuous and expen to the common query, “How can I tell a moth from
Moths and
Nicholas, without qualification, is misleading; for in mig


440
[June 1,
THE DIAL
An incautious
cicerone.
a butterfly?” is thus clearly stated: “Usually by the tuate the chapters and gratify the ear. A good key
feelers or antennæ located on the head — those of a is appended, though the book is meant “to arouse
butterfly being always thread-like and clubbed at the and inspire rather than instruct.” An interesting
end, while those of moths vary according to species fact which further commends it is that the site of
and are of several different patterns. Another dif Mr. Bomberger's study is Western Pennsylvania,
ference is that the majority of moths fly at night and near where Audubon lived. All the birds of this
the butterflies in the daytime; and, again, the moths region are met in their haunts; and their habits,
rest with wings held horizontally, in roof form, or with many of their sayings, are lovingly reported.
wrapped about the body, while butterflies when at
rest usually hold their wings in a vertical position.”
Nearly all of the very numerous illustrations are
BRIEFER MENTION.
beautiful to look at, and all have the merit of
showing just the points most needed for perfect expo The late Dr. W. J. Rolfe's “ Satchel Guide to Eu-
sition. (Scribner.)
rope,” which for forty years has proved an almost indis-
pensable adjunct to the paraphernalia of the vacation
An up-to-date guide-book, that should tourist abroad, makes its annual reappearance in a re-
prove useful to the traveller, is Mr. vised edition for 1912. The revisions seem to have been
Douglas Sladen's "How to See Italy" extensive this year, as the type is entirely reset and the
(Pott). In its nearly 600 pages, illustrated by
volume printed from new plates throughout. Messrs.
160 reproductions from photographs, with its large Houghton Mifflin Co. are the publishers.
map, detailed descriptions of routes by rail, steamer,
Another batch of “Home University Library” vol-
motor, or carriage, nearly all practical matters con-
umes (Holt) further emphasizes the usefulness of this
nected with Italian travel are well considered. As publishing enterprise, and the competency of the writers
whom it enlists. One could not well ask for something
a guide-book to town and country, to scenery and
better than such handy volumes as Dr. A. F. Pollard's
places, it seems entirely trustworthy.
It is quite
“History of England," and Mr. A. G. Bradley's “Ca-
otherwise than trustworthy, however, when it deals nada," and Mr. W. Warde Fowler's “Rome," and Mr.
with pictures, sculpture, and antiquities in general. G. L. Strachey's “ Landmarks in French Literature.”
Here, the author speaks with an air at once so defi These are readable books as well as trustworthy ones.
nite and so debonair as to amaze a cautious student. Although emanating, according to the date-line of the
For example, he twice speaks of the statue of a draped Preface, from the Department of History, University
female figure found at Antium more than thirty years
of Washington,” Miss Katherine Berry Judson's “Myths
ago as “recently discovered,” and adds that "it rep-
and Legends of California and the Old Southwest”
resents a school-girl.” As a matter of fact, no statue
(McClurg) is a popular rather than a scholarly work.
The volume contains some seventy brief Indian myths;
more shrouded in mystery has ever perplexed the
and is illustrated by many half-tones of Western scenery,
student; and because archæologists are to-day as and a few more pertinent plates. The tales are interest-
ignorant of its authorship, name, and place in the ing; but they arouse the suspicion that, like many recent
history of Greek art as they were thirty years ago, attempts to reproduce folklore, they have gained sophis-
the figure is still often called “The Maiden of Mys- tication and literary effectiveness at the cost of their true
tery.” But, whatever it may or may not be, it is pretty primitive flavor.
certain that the statue does not represent a school-girl.
Miss May Sinclair, the novelist, has published through
Other similar slips may be noted; but usually they the Women Writers' Suffrage League of London a pam-
are amusing rather than serious blemishes.
phlet entitled “Feminism,” in which she disposes very
conclusively of the pseudo-scientific argument recently
The enthusiastic student of birds advanced by Sir Almroth Wright to the effect that hys-
Wild birds in
cannot help applauding what Mr.
teria and neurosis are the pathogenic agents responsible
their haunts.
Augustus Wright Bomberger says in
for the modern suffrage movement. The booklet de-
the Introduction to his “Book of Birds” (Winston):
serves wide circulation. Suffragists will find in its pages
many
“There is perhaps less danger of becoming a mere
effective barbs for their argumentative shafts; but
one-sided specialist along this line in the natural
especially is it to be recommended to those honestly in
doubt as to the character and purpose of the present-
world around us than any other. It is hard to be nar day feminist movement.
row and contracted of spirit amidst the sweet and Harper's Guide to Wild Flowers" is a good-sized
multitudinous voices of the wingéd creatures of the manual, prepared by Mrs. Caroline A. Creevy, which
air.” The author calls himself a beginner in bird-classifies flowers by a new system presumably easier than
lore, and writes in the hope of helping beginners; the old. “This classification is the one presented in the
but it would be difficult to imagine any old profes- seventh edition of "Gray's Manual of Botany,' published
sor of “birdology” who would not take pleasure in
in 1908, and embodies the decisions of the Vienna Con-
this book, it is so genuine, and so full of the love of
gress of 1905” — so reads the publisher's notice of the
anything that wears feathers - and sings. Bewitch-
book. It is a complete guide to the flowers of the Atlantic
and Middle States, and to some extent of the Southern
ing photographs of nests, and of youthful kingfishers, States. Numerous full-page plates, including several in
crows, catbirds, warblers, and especially red-eyed color, illustrate the volume. Though too bulky for a
vireos, who are still in bed or “who ought to be in hand-bag, it may easily be stowed in the suit-case of an
bed,” delight the eye. Verses by the author punc enthusiastic botanist in his summer travels.


1912.]
4+1
THE DIAL
» «6
All lovers of English gardens, groves, and fields will
NOTES.
rejoice in the new and enlarged edition of Mr. C. A.
Johns's “ Forest Trees of Britain,” now entitled “British Dr. Lawrence P. Jacks, editor of "The Hibbert Jour-
Trees and Shrubs" (Dutton). The new edition surpasses nal," and author of “Mad Shepherds," Among the
the old, not in the text (that remains unsurpassed), but Idol Makers,” etc., is soon to visit the United States.
in the lengthened list of species, in the descriptions of Mr. Henry S. Harrison, author of “Queed,” has well
the finer small trees and shrubs suitable for lawn and
on the way toward completion a new novel which Hough-
garden, and above all in the increased number of beau ton Mifflin Co. expect to publish either in the coming
tiful full-page plates, many of them colored, and all autumn or early next year.
extremely helpful. Mr. Johns's pages are by no means
Dr. Henry Sweet, for the past eleven years university
confined to detailed descriptions of species, or to the
reader in phonetics at Oxford, and author of a long list
rules of horticulture; his chapters are replete with lore
of standard works in the field of philology and phonetics,
and legend and all manner of interesting tradition and is dead at the age of sixty-eight.
literary reference. The new volume is edited by Mr.
Mrs. John King Van Rensselaer, author of “The
E. T. Cook, whose part consists in the main of brief
Devil's Picture Books,” will soon publish through Messrs.
descriptions and commendations of such desirable shrubs
Jacobs another study in the same field entitled “Pro-
as have more recently come upon the market.
phetical, Educational, and Playing Cards.”
“ The Yosemite National Park is perhaps the most A volume of verse by Mr. La Touche Hancock, con-
delightful region in all the world for the study of plant sisting principally of contributions to the columns of the
life.” So declare Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Monroe Hall
New York “Sun” during the past ten years, will be
in the introduction to their “Yosemite Flora” (Paul
issued shortly by the Neale Publishing Co.
Elder & Co.). The book forms a popular guide to the
A volume on Robert Toombs, by Professor Ulrich B.
interesting vegetation found among the Yosemite foot-
Phillips, and one on Ulysses S. Grant, by Dr. Franklin S.
hills and extending up its mountain-summits as far as
the line of perpetual snow.
Edmonds, are announced as immediately forthcoming in
The nine hundred and
fifty-five species here described represent, in large part,
Messrs. Jacobs's “American Crisis Biographies.”
the results of the author's own botanical explorations
Mr. Algot Lange, author of “In the Amazon Jungle,"
throughout the Park. All the plants have been care-
recently published by Messrs. Putnam, has been chosen
to head the South American expedition now being organ-
fully classified and grouped according to their relation-
ships, and keys are provided for the determination of
ized by the Museum of Pennsylvania University.
their names.
Technical terms have been introduced
Mr. C. E. Brock, an English illustrator of unusual
only where accuracy demands their use. The intro-
skill and intelligence, has been commissioned to prepare
duction deals with the origin, characteristics, and distri-
the drawings for an illustrated holiday edition of Mr.
bution of the flora in general, and the descriptive matter
Jeffery Farnol's popular novel, “ The Broad Highway.”
devoted to the individual species supplies information
A new novel by M. René Bazin entitled “ Davidée
relative to the locality in which they may be found,
Birot” will be issued shortly by Messrs. Charles Scrib-
their use by the Indians, their medicinal and poisonous
ner's Sons. Social problems of the day, particularly the
properties, and interesting points regarding their dis- problems of labor, hold a prominent place in the story.
covery There are eleven full-page illustrations from “The Promise of the Christ Age in Recent Litera-
photographs, and numerous outline cuts in the text aid ture," a study of ten representative works whose inspira-
in easy identification of the different varieties.
tion and interest centre about the Christ figure, will be
A revelation of the beauty and variety of an art that
published immediately by Messrs. Putnam. The author
has by no means yet reached its rightful place in popu-
is Dr. William Eugene Mosher.
lar appreciation is embodied in the “Catalogue of the The publication of Professor Earl Barnes's study of
International Exhibition of Contemporary Medals ”held
“Woman in Modern Society” has been postponed so as
by the American Numismatic Society in 1910. This is
to permit “The Atlantic Monthly” to use three chapters
a revised edition, much amplified and fully illustrated,
in its three immediately forthcoming issues. The book
of the provisional catalogue issued for the use of visitors will be published in August by Mr. B. W. Huebsch.
to the exhibition. Biographical sketches (supplied in Mr. Edwin Björkman, whose translations of three of
many cases by the artists themselves) of nearly all of the Strindberg's plays were recently published by Scribners,
two hundred-odd exhibitors are given, with full descrip will bring out this summer, through the same house, an
tion of each of the medals exhibited. A clearly-written English rendering of Strindberg's “ There are Crimes and
Introduction, by Miss Agnes Baldwin, traces the history | Crimes,” a drama dealing with modern life in Paris.
of the medallic art, and describes the various processes Mr. Edward Thomas is at work on a critical study of
employed in the production of modern medals. The Swinburne, which will be published later in the year.
most notable feature of the volume, however, and ope Mr. Thomas's book will in no way clash with the official
which in itself entitles the work to a place in every art biography of Swinburne, on which Mr. Watts-Dunton is
library, is its wealth of illustrations. These consist of engaged, and which, we understand, is making satisfac-
nearly five hundred separate half-tone cuts, beautifully tory progress.
reproduced and printed, illustrating several thousand M. Anatole France's forthcoming novel, « Une Idylle
medals. In every detail the book reflects much credit sous la Révolution,” is said to owe its existence to a
upon all concerned in its production — not least the chance discovery by M. France of some engravings by
De Vinne Press, who have given it an outward garb of Prudhon, intended for an edition of Racine, but rejected
dignified typography and perfect presswork deserving by Didot, the publisher. The pictures roused M. France
of the highest praise. It is a work that will do much to an enthusiasm for Prudhon, and, as was the case with
to enhance a more general interest in, and appreciation the Goncourts and others, study of Prudhon expanded
of, the fascinating art of the medallist.
into study of the Directoire period, then of the Terror,


442
[June 1,
THE DIAL
of Robespierre, Saint-Just, and other personages of the berg illustrated, better than most of the examples ad-
Revolution. The coming volume is a result of the re duced in its support, the familiar notion of the close
searches which were led up to in this way.
relationship of genius to insanity. Lombroso, we suppose,
The first book dealing with the “ Titanic" disaster is would have called him insane, and made no bones about
announced in a volume entitled “The Loss of the S. S. it, but such a verdict would account but inadequately for
Titanic: Its Story and its Lessons," written by Mr. his extraordinary power to cause vibrations in the con-
Lawrence Beesley, one of the survivors of the catas sciousness of his readers. For the most part, the mo-
trophe. Houghton Mifflin Co. will publish the volume tions (or emotions) thus set up in minds that came
late this month.
within the sphere of his influence were not pleasurable
“ Radical Empiricism,” by the late William James, ones, and were accompanied by a distinct sense of aver-
will be published immediately by Messrs. Longmaps. sion, and even of repulsion. What most men held
According to the publishers' announcement, the author sacred in belief and human relationship had for him no
gives utterance in this volume “to a doctrine which he sanctity, and he rode rough-shod, with a Nietzschean
regarded as of more fundamental importance than his brutality, over their tenderest sentiments and their most
widely-known pragmatism.”
cherished social beliefs. The intensity of his intellectual
« Modern Science and the Illusions of Professor Berg-
life brought him at times close to the borderland between
son” is the title of a forthcoming volume which is likely
reason and unreason, and the reader of his many books,
to flutter the Bergsonian dove-cotes. The author is Dr.
who does not correlate them as he reads with the state
Hugh S. R. Elliot, who may be remembered as the editor
of mind and other conditions under which they were
of John Stuart Mill's published letters, and the publishers
written, will find them hard to interpret in the terms of
are Messrs. Longmans, Green & Co.
any well-ordered system of thinking about art and social
Mr. John Muir's interesting tribute to the late Ed-
philosophy. His warmest admirers must allow that his
ward H. Harriman has been issued by Messrs. Double literary output, taken in its entirety, exhibits an unbal-
day, Page & Co. in an attractive booklet for private
anced mind, and a mind permanently twisted awry by
circulation. We understand that a copy will be sent
circumstance. His work was the expression of an un-
free to any librarian who makes application to the pub- happy life, desperately eager for happiness, and essaying
lishers. It is well deserving of a place in every library.
many futile ventures in its quest. He was a confused
Mr. Bryce's forthcoming book on South America, to
idealist, without the central core of glowing faith that
be published by Messrs. Macmillan, will not, as was at
irradiates the writings of Björnson and Ibsen, and makes
first thought, treat mainly of constitutional and admin-
those men in so high a sense prophets of humanity. Of
istrative questions. Unlike “ The American Common-
life as it was revealed to him in the shifting moods
wealth," it will give a general picture of the South Amer-
through which he surveyed it, he had an extraordinarily
ican countries, and of their commercial development.
intense and penetrating vision, and he had an almost un-
It is announced that the right to publish the author-
exampled mastery over the rich and flexible language
to whose inheritance he was born. His collected works,
ized editions of the writings of Walt Whitman has been
filling upwards of fifty volumes, contain nearly all the
transferred to Mr. Mitchell Kennerley by the Whitman
species of literary composition, although novels and
executors, Messrs. Thomas B. Harned and Horace Trau-
plays are predominant. He was a hater of womankind,
bel. Mr. Kennerley announces new editions of “Leaves
of Grass” and “Complete Prose Works.” Mr. Horace
and was preoccupied to the point of obsession with the
share of sex-struggle in human life. His realism was
Traubel's “ Walt Whitman in Camden" has also been
unrestrained, as to both word and situation, and no En-
transferred to the same publisher, and a third volume
glish publisher would dare to reproduce some of his
is to be issued in the autumn.
works in unexpurgated translation. He is only begin-
The late Henry Haynie, who died at his home in
ning to be known at all to the English-reading public,
Newton Centre, Mass., May 15, was born at Winchester,
but his death will probably stimulate the activity of trans-
Illinois, in 1841, received a grammar-school and high-
lators and theatre-managers, with the effect of consid-
school education, and promptly responded to the call
erably enlarging our acquaintance with his works.
to arms when the Civil War broke out, enlisting in the
first infantry company raised in Chicago. After honor-
ably serving in the Army of the Cumberland and under-
going several months' confinement in Libby Prison, he
TOPICS IN LEADING PERIODICALS.
was mustered out in 1864, and entered upon newspaper
June, 1912.
work. His foreign editorship of the New York Times
American Impressions—III. Arnold Bennett . . Harper.
and his subsequent Paris correspondence to a number Arabian Nights, Coming of the--1. Ameen Rihani. Bookman.
of American journals are among his best-known activities Bandini, Father, and his Colony in the Ozarks.
in this department of literary labor, and incidentally Anita Moore
World's Work.
they opened the way for his two best books, “ Paris, Bank Deposits, Guarantee of. W. F. McCaleb. Forum.
Past and Present,” a descriptive and historical work,
Baseball Primer, The. Hugh S. Fullerton American,
and “ The Captains and the Kings," a reminiscent vol-
Bear-Hunting on Montague Island. Chas. Sheldon. Scribner.
ume from one who, in the pursuit of his calling, had
Bebaism - What It Is. James T. Bixby. North American.
Belgium: The Balance-Wheel of Trade, J. D.
met and talked with a considerable number of promi-
Whelpley
Century.
nent men.
Bunner, H. C., and his Circle. Henry G. Paine. Bookman.
AUGUST STRINDBERG.
Business, Big, and the Citizen - I. Holland
The perturbed spirit of August Strindberg passed to
Thompson
Review of Reviews.
Scribner.
its rest on the fourteenth of last month, after racking
Cars-Delvaille, Henry. Christian Brinton
its frail tenement of clay for sixty-three years, and with
Churches and Church-Going. Meredith Nicholson. Atlantic.
Cleveland's First Election. W. G. Rice
Century.
its passing the greatest figure in the Swedish literature
Clovelly in Devon. George McL. Harper
Scribner.
of our time disappeared from the view of men. Strind-
Coffee Trust, The. Robert Sloss
World's Work.
.


1912.]
THE DIAL
443
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 108 titles, includes books
received by The Dial since its last issue.]
0
.
.
.
.
.
.
Competition, The New-II. Arthur J. Eddy. World's Work.
Confederacy, Sunset of the-IV. Morris Schaff. Atlantic.
Conventions, The Chance Drama of. C. M.
Harvey
World's Work.
Culture, Feminizing of. Earl Barnes
Atlantic,
Democratic Candidates, Two. George Harvey. No. Amer.
Dickens, Good Enchantment of. Henry van Dyke. Scribner.
Drunkard, Help for the. Charles B. Towns Century.
Education, Philosophy of. John G. Hibben. No. American.
Electorate of Men and Women, An, F.H.Blackwell No.Amer.
Elephant Seal, The, Charles H. Townsend Century.
Everyman" and "Everywoman.” Katharine
Brégy
Lippincott.
Flemish Primitives, Two. F.J. Mather, Jr. Scribner.
“Genius, Gems of.” Edna Kenton
Bookman.
German Politics. J. Selwyn Schapiro
Forum.
Gheel: A Colony for “the Sick in Mind.” Alice
Isaacson
Atlantic.
Govo mental Waste, Our-II. H. B. Fuller. Lippincott.
Harrison, General - His Attitude toward the
Presidency. E. W. Halford
Century.
Home Rule, Historical Aspect of. P.J. Lennox. No. Amer.
Hugo, Victor. Edgar Saltus
Forum.
Human Nature - Does it Change? H, M. Chittenden. Atl.
“Illusion, The Great” – A Reply. Norman
Angell
North American.
Ireland, The Regeneration of. Sir Horace Plunkett. Atlantic.
Isabella, The Great Queen. Mildred Stapley Harper.
Japanese Drama. Sadakichi Hartmann
Forum.
Knox Mission to Central America, With the -I.
W. B. Hale
World's Work.
Krapotkin, Prince, Escape of. George Kennan Century.
Lions. Stewart Edward White
American.
Literary Treasures of the Humble. F. A. Collins. Bookman.
“London by the Sea.” Harrison Rhodes
Harper.
Marseilles Bouillabaisse, A. Frances W. Huard. Scribner.
Ministry, The Matter with the. A Clergyman. World's Work.
Morse, Samuel, Letters of–1812. E. L. Morge. No. Amer.
Nature, Our Unchanging. Elisabeth Woodbridge. Atlantic.
Nature, The Gospel of. John Burroughs
Century.
Parcels Post, The. F. P. Stockbridge World's Work.
Paris, An Intellectual Novelty in. Anna B. Dodd. Century.
Patents and the Public. Seth K. Humphrey Atlantic.
Personality and Impersonality. Bliss Carman Forum.
Poet, The Flame-Born. La Salle C. Pickett Lippincott.
President, Our Next, and Some Others. R. S. Baker. Amer.
Quakers, The. Henry S. Canby
Century.
Realism in Fiction. Arthur C. Benson North American.
Rhodes Scholars, Our. Edmond Earl Lincoln Forum.
Roosevelt the Politician. Francis E. Leupp Atlantic.
Rousseau To-Day. Havelock Ellis
Atlantic.
St. Francis, Life of — II. Maurice F. Egan Century.
School, The, and the Feminine Ideal - II. Anna
G. Spencer
Forum.
Science, Unsolved Problems in. R. K. Duncan Harper.
Sea, Safety at. George von L. Meyer North American.
Senate, Alone in the. Robert M, La Follette American.
Socialism in Germany. Samuel P. Orth World's Work.
South-American Experiences, My. J. O. Fagan . Atlantic.
Standard Oil Decision, Results of. F. B.
Kellogg
Review of Reviews.
Stead, William T. Albert Shaw Review of Reviews.
Strindberg in America. Clayton Hamilton Bookman.
Taft, Lorado: Sculptor. Robert H. Moulton. Rev. of Revs.
Tile Club, Story of the. Louis Baury
Bookman.
Timber Bonds. Edward S, Meade
Lippincott.
"Titanic,” Lesson of the. Lewis Nixon. North American.
Trade-Unionism, Value of Existing. C. N. Fay . Atlantic.
Twain, Mark — VIII. Albert Bigelow Paine Harper.
Unit Rule and Two-Thirds Rule. C.S. Potts. Rev. of Revs.
Venus, The Planet. William H. Pickering Harper.
War, Foreclosing the Mortgage on. David S.
Jordan
World's Work.
What I Am Trying to Do. William H. Taft. World's Work.
Wildebeest, Hunting the. Stewart E. White. World's Work.
Woman and Democracy. Ida M. Tarbell American.
.
GENERAL LITERATURE.
Selected Addresses. By James Burrill Angell. 12mo,
285 pages.
Longmans, Green & Co. $1.60 net.
Play-Making: A Manual of Craftsmanship. By
William Archer. 8vo, 419 pages. Small, Maynard
& Co. $2. net.
Masters in Modern German Literature. By Otto
Eduard Lessing. With portrait, 8vo, 196 pages.
Dresden: Carl Reissner. Paper.
DRAMA AND VERSE.
Poems. By William Sharp; Selected and Arranged
by Mrs. William Sharp. With photogravure
portrait, 12mo, 323 pages. Duffield & Co.
$1.50 net.
Master Flachsmann (Flachsmann als Erzieher): A
Comedy in Three Acts. By Otto Ernst; translated
from the German by H. M. Beatty, LL D. 12mo,
155 pages.
Duffield & Co.
Via Lucis, and Other Poems, By Alice Harper.
12mo, 63 pages. South Nashville: Publishing
House of the M. E. Church. $1.
Baseballogy. By Edmund Vance Cooke. Decorated,
16mo, 88 pages. Chicago: Forbes & Co. 50 cts. net.
FICTION.
The Lighted Way. By E. Phillips Oppenheim. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 355 pages. Little, Brown & Co.
$1,25 net.
The Just and the Unjust. By Vaughan Kester.
Illustrated, 12mo, 390 pages. Bobbs-Merrill Co.
$1.25 net.
A Candidate for Truth. By J. D. Beresford. 12mo,
486 pages. Little, Brown & Co. $1.35 net.
The Forest on the Hill. By Eden Phillpotts. 12mo,
378 pages. John Lane Co. $1.30 net.
A Son of the Sun By Jack London, Illustrated,
12mo, 333 pages. Doubleday, Page & Co.
$1.20 net.
Fox Farm. By Warwick Deeping. With frontispiece
in color, 12mo, 403 pages. Cassell & Co., Ltd.
$1.20 net.
Sharrow. By Bettina von Hutten. 12mo, 458 pages.
D. Appleton & Co. $1.30 net.
Queen of the Guarded Mounts. By John Oxenham.
12mo, 375 pages. John Lane Co. $1.25 net.
The Romance of a State Secret. By Winefride Traf-
ford-Taunton. With frontispiece, 12mo, 257
pages. Dana Estes & Co. $1.25 net.
From the South of France. By Thomas A. Janvier.
Illustrated, 12mo, 235 pages. Harper & Brothers.
$1.20 net.
The Nameless Thing. By Melville Davisson Post,
Illustrated, 12mo, 338 pages. D. Appleton & Co.
$1.25 net.
His Worldly Goods. By Margaretta Tuttle. With
frontispiece in color, 12mo, 410 pages. Bobbs-
Merrill Co. $1.25 net.
The Charioteers. By Mary Tappan Wright. 12mo,
346 pages. D. Appleton & Co. $1.30 net.
The Children of Alsace (Les Oberlés). Translated
from the French of René Bazin; with Preface by
Dr. Angelo S. Rappoport, 12mo, 262 pages. John
Lane Co. $1.30 net.
No Surrender. By Constance Elizabeth Maud. 12mo,
328 pages. John Lane Co. $1.25 net.
The Lovers of Sanna. By Mary Stewart Cutting.
Illustrated, 12mo, 226 pages. McBride, Nast &
Co. $1. net.
The Widow Woman. By Charles Lee. Illustrated in
color, etc., 12mo, 240 pages. E. P. Dutton & Co.
$1.25 net.
Paul Carah, Cornishman, By Charles Lee. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 305 pages. E. P. Dutton & Co.
$1.25. net.
Our Little Town, and Other Cornish Tales and
Fancies. By Charles Lee. 12mo, 376 pages. E. P.
Dutton & Co. $1.25 net.
.
.
.
.
.


444
(June 1,
THE DIAL
My Demon Motor Boat. By George Fitch. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 283 pages. Little, Brown & Co.
$1.10 net.
The Melting of Molly. By Maria Thompson-Daviess.
Illustrated, 12mo, 201 pages. Bobbs-Merrill Co.
$1. net.
Downward: A "Slice of Life.” By Maud Churton
Braby. 12mo, 308 pages. New York: William
Rickey & Co. $1.25 net.
The Judgments of the Sea, and Other Stories. By
Ralph D. Paine. Illustrated, 12mo, 327 pages.
Sturgis & Walton Co. $1.20 net.
Yiddish Tales. Translated by Helena Frank, 12mo,
599 pages. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication So-
ciety of America.
The Log House Club. By Robert Eggert. 12mo,
280 pages. Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co.
$1. net.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION.
Two Visits to Denmark, 1872, 1874. By Edmund
Gosse. 8vo, 372 pages.
E. P. Dutton & Co.
$2.50 net.
Scented Isles and Coral Gardens: Torres Straits,
German New Guinea, and the Dutch East Indies.
By C. D. Mackellar.· Illustrated in color, etc.,
large 8vo, 351 pages. E. P. Dutton & Co. $5 net.
The Spell of France. By Caroline Atwater Mason.
Illustrated in color, etc., 8vo, 425 pages. L. C.
Page & Co. $2.50 net.
PUBLIC AFFAIRS.
Fatigue and Efficiency: A Study in Industry. Ву
Josephine Goldmark; with Introduction by Fred-
eric S. Lee, Ph. D. Large 8vo, 591 pages. "Rus-
sell Sage Foundation." New York: Charities
Publication Committee. $3.50
The United States Beet-Sugar Industry and the
Tarifi. By Roy G. Blakey. 8vo, 286 pages.
Columbia University Press. Paper, $2. net.
The Politics of Michigan, 1865-1878. By Harriette
M. Dilla, Ph. D. 8vo, 258 pages. Columbia Uni-
versity Press. Paper, $2. net.
A Hoosier Village: A Sociological Study with Spe-
cial Reference to Social Causation. By Newell
Leroy Sims.' 8vo, 181 pages. Columbia Uni-
versity Press. Paper, $1.50 net.
Anti-Suffrage: Ten Good Reasons. By Grace Duffield
Goodwin, 12mo, 142 pages. Duffield & Co.
50 cts. net.
NATURE AND OUT-DOOR LIFE.
Butterfly and Moth Book. By Ellen Robertson-
Miller. Illustrated, 12mo, 249 pages. Charles
Scribner's Sons. $1.50 net.
Garden Design in Theory and Practice. By Made-
line Agar. Illustrated in color, etc., 8vo, 272
pages. J. B. Lippincott Co. $2. net.
A Yosemite Flora By Harvey Monroe Hall and
Carlotta Case Hall. Illustrated, 12mo, 282 pages.
San Francisco: Paul Elder & Co. $2. net.
Open Tralls. By “Janey Canuck" (Emily Fergu-
son). Illustrated in color, 12mo, 292 pages. Cas-
sell & Co. $1.20 net.
Making a Garden to Bloom this Year. By Grace
Tabor. Illustrated, 16mo, 54 pages. "House and
Garden Making Books." McBride, Nast & Co.
50 cts. net.
Making the Grounds Attractive with Shrubbery. By
Grace Tabor. Illustrated, 16mo, 53
pages.
"House and Garden Making Books." McBride,
Nast & Co. 50 cts. net.
Miscellanles. By Augustus Hopkins Strong, D. D. In
2 volumes; 8vo. Philadelphia: Griffith & Row-
land Press. Per volume, $1.
Social Creed of the Churches. Edited by Harry F.
Ward. 12mo, 185
pages. Eaton Mains.
50 cts. net.
Prayer and its Relation to Life; or, the Place and
Importance of Prayer. By Henry M. King, D. D.
12mo, 40 pages. Philadelphia: American Baptist
Publication Society. Paper, 10 cts. net.
SCIENCE,
The Theory of Experimental Electricity. By William
Cecil Dampier Whetham. Second edition; illus-
trated, 8vo, 340 pages. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$ 2.50 net.
Non-Euclidean Geometry: A Critical and Historical
Study of Its Development. By Roberto Bonola;
translated, with additional appendices, by H, S.
Carslaw, with Introduction by Federigo En-
riques. 12mo, 268 pages. Chicago: Open Court
Publishing Co. $2. net.
Cambridge Manuals of Science and Literature.
New volumes: Prehistoric Man, by W. L. H.
Duckworth, M. A.; The Natural History of Clay,
by Alfred B. Searle; Earthworms and their
Allies, by Frank E. Beddard, M. A.; The Modern
Locomotive, by C. Edgar Allen; and The Migra-
tion of Birds, by T. A. Coward. Each, illustrated,
16mo. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Per volume,
40 cts. Net.
ART, ARCHITECTURE, AND MUSIC.
Romanesque Architecture in France. Edited, and
with Introduction, by Dr. Julius Baum. Illustrat-
ed, 4to, 233 pages. E. P. Dutton & Co. $7.50 net.
Baroque Architecture and Sculpture in Italy. By
Corrado Ricci. Illustrated, 4to, 280 pages. E. P.
Dutton & Co. $7.50 net.
The Early Norman Castles of the British Isles. By
Ella S. Armitage. Illustrated, large 8vo, 408
pages. E. P. Dutton & Co. $5. net.
Annals of the Irish Harpers. By Charlotte Milligan
Fox. Illustrated, 8vo, 320 pages. E. P. Dutton
& Co. $2.50 net.
BOOKS OF REFERENCE.
Who's Who in America: A Biographical Dictionary
of Notable Living Men and Women of the United
States. Volume VII., 1912-1913. Edited by Albert
Nelson Marquis. 12mo, 2640 pages. Chicago:
A. N. Marquis & Co. $5.
The New International Year Book: A Compendium
of the World's Progress for the Year 1911. Edited
by Frank Moore Colby, M. A., and Allen Leon
Churchill. Illustrated, large 8vo, 808 pages.
Dodd, Mead & Co.
The Dramatic Index for 1911. Edited by Frederick
Winthrop Faxon, A. B., and compiled with the
co-operation of librarians. 4to, 250 pages. Bos-
ton: Boston Book Co.
A Dictionary of the Biloxi and Ofo Languages. AC-
companied with Thirty-One Biloxi Texts and Nu-
merous Biloxi Phrases. By James Owen Dorsey
and John R. Swanton. 8vo, 340 pages. Washing-
ton: Smithsonian Institution.
Review of Historical Publications Relating to Can-
ada. Volume XVI.; edited by George M. Wrong,
M. A., and M. Stewart Wallace, B. A. Large
8vo, 211 pages. "University of Toronto Studies."
Toronto University Press. Paper, $1.50 net.
A Bibliography of Spanish-American Literature.
By Alfred Coester, Ph. D., 8vo, 33 pages. Brook-
lyn: Published by the author. Paper, 50cts.
BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG.
Harper's Boating Book for Boys: A Guide to
Motor Boating, Sailing, Canoeing, and Rowing.
Edited by Charles G. Davis. Illustrated, 8vo.
407 pages.
Harper & Brothers. $1.75 net.
Classroom and Campus. By Warren L. Eldred. Il-
lustrated, 12mo, 305 pages. "St. Dunstan Series."
Lothrop,Lee & Shepard Co. $1.50.
Prue's Little Friends. By Amy Brooks. Illustrated,
12mo, 235 pages. "The Prue Books." Lothrop,
Lee & Shepard Co. $1.
RELIGION AND THEOLOGY.
The Creed of Half Japan: Historical Sketches of
Japanese Buddhism. By Arthur Lloyd, M. A.
8vo, 393 pages. E. P. Dutton & Co. $2.50 net.
The Christian View of the World. By George John
Blewett. 8vo, 344 pages. Yale University Press.
$2. net.
The Greatest English Classic: A Study of the King
James Version of the Bible and its Influence on
Life and Literature. By Cleland Boyd McAfee,
D.D. 12mo, 287 pages. Harper & Brothers.
$1.25 net.
—


1912.]
445
THE DIAL
The Book of the Zoo. By W. S. Berridge, F. Z. S.,
and W. Percival Westell, F. L. S. Illustrated in
color, 12mo, 304 pages. E. P. Dutton & Co.
$1.50 net.
The Young Crusaders: The Story of a Boys' Camp.
By George P. Atwater. Illustrated, 12mo, 304
pages. “Young Crusaders" series. Little, Brown
& Co., $1.50.
Fairy Tales a Child Can Read and Act: Children's
Classics in Dramatic Form. By Lillian Edith
Nixon, M. A. Illustrated, 12mo, 147 pages. Double-
day, Page & Co. 75 cts. net.
Dave Porter on Cave Island; or, A Schoolboy's Mys-
terious Mission. By Edward Stratemeyer. Il-
lustrated, 12mo, 300 pages. “Dave Porter Series."
Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co. $1.25.
Once a Volcano; or, Adventures among the Extinct
Volcanoes of the United States. By Edwin J.
Houston, A. M. Illustrated, 12mo, 374 pages.
Griffith & Rowland Press. $1.25.
Our American Holidays. Edited by Robert Haven
Schauffler. New volumes: Independence Day, Its
Celebration, Spirit, and Significance as Related
in Prose and Verse; Flag Day, Its History, Orl-
gin, and Celebration as Related in Song and
Story. Each 12mo. Moffat, Yard & Co. Per vol-
ume, $1. net.
The Children in the Little Old Red House. By
Amanda M. Douglas. Illustrated, 12mo, 344 pages.
"Little Red House Series." Lothrop, Lee & Shep-
ard Co. $1. net.
On the Trail of the Sloux; or, The Adventures of
Two Boy Scouts on the Minnesota Frontier. By
D. Lange. Illustrated, 12mo, 298 pages. Lothrop,
Lee & Shepard Co. $1. net.
When Mother Lets Us Cut Out Pictures. By Ida E.
Boyd. Illustrated, 12mo, 94 pages. Moffat, Yard
& Co. 75 cts. net.
The Ben Greet Shakespeare for Young Readers and
Amateur Players. First volumes: The Tempest; A
Midsummer Night's Dream; As You Like It;
and The Merchant of Venice. Each, with frontis-
piece in color, 12mo. Doubleday, Page & Co.
Per volume, cloth, 60 cts. net; leather, 90 cts. net.
Peter and Polly. By Elizabeth Hays Wilkinson. Il-
lustrated in color, 18mo, 97 pages. Doubleday,
Page & Co. 50 cts net.
EDUCATION.
Education: A First Book. By Edward L. Thorndike.
12mo, 292 pages. Macmillan Co. $1.25 net.
What Is and What Might Be: A Study of Education
in General and Elementary Education in Particu-
lar. By Edmond Holmes. 12mo, 308 pages. E.
P. Dutton & Co. $1.25 net.
New Demands in Education. By James Phinney
Munroe. 12mo, 312 pages. Doubleday, Page &
Co. $1.25 net.
Report of the Commissioner of Education, for the
Year Ended June 30, 1911. Volume I. Large 8vo,
675 pages. Washington: Government Printing
Office.
Thucydides. Book IV.; edited by A, W. Spratt, M. A.
12mo, 448 pages.
G. P. Putnam's Sons. $2. net.
Nathan der Weise: Ein Dramatisches Gedicht. By
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing; edited by J. G. Rob-
ertson. 12mo, 278 pages. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$1.10 net.
Selections from Chaucer: Including his Earlier and
his Later Verse and an Example of his Prose.
Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by Clar-
ence Griffin Child, Ph. D. With frontispiece,
12mo, 213 pages. D. C. Heath & Co.
English Readings for Schools. New volumes: Ma-
caulay's Life of Johnson, and Selections from
Johnson's Writings, edited by Chester N. Green-
ough; Milton's L'Allegro, Il Penseroso, Comus,
and Lycidas, edited by Martin W. Sampson; Se-
lections from Huxley, edited by C. Alphonso
Smith. Each with portrait, 16mo. Henry Holt
& Co.
The Revised English Grammar: A New Edition of
“The Elements of English Grammar." By Alfred
S. West, M. A. 16mo, 336 pages. G. P. Putnam's
Sons. 60 cts. net.
On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic in Hly-
tory. By Thomas Carlyle; edited by George
Wherry. 12mo, 277 pages. G. P. Putnam's Song.
45 cts, net.
An Elementary German Grammar. By E. C. Wessel-
hoeft, A. M. 12mo, 272 pages. D. C. Heath & Co.
Récits Historiques. By Emma Moffett, M. A. Illus-
trated, 16mo, 173 pages. D. C. Heath & Co.
45 cts, net.
Europe and Its People: A Geographic Reader for
the Fifth School Year. By Will S. Monroe and
Anna Buckbee. Illustrated, 12mo, 120 pages.
Harper & Brothers. 40 cts, net.
In Those Days: A Story of Child Life Long Ago.
By Ella B. Hallock. Illustrated in color, 12mo,
148 pages. "Everychild's Series." Macmillan Co.
40 cts, net.
Die Rabensteinerin: Schauspiel in vier Akten. Von
Ernst von Wildenbruch; edited, with Introduc-
tion and Notes, by R. Clyde Ford, Ph. D. With
portrait, 16mo, 120 pages. D. C. Heath & Co.
35 cts.
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446
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THE DIAL
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THE
DIAL
A Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information.
PAGE
.
THE DIAL (founded in 1880) is published on the 1st and 16th of
each month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, 82. a year in advance, postage
UNIVERSITY CONTROL.
prepaid in the United States, and Mexico; Foreign and Canadian
postage 50 cents per year extra. REMITTANCES should be by check, or “ That a professor's salary should depend on the favor
by express or postal order, payable to THE DIAL COMPANY.
Unless otherwise ordered, subscriptions will begin with the current
of a president, or that he should be dismissed without a
number. When no direct request to discontinue at expiration of sub hearing by a president with the consent of an absentee
scription is received, it is assumed that a continuance of the subscription
is desired. ADVERTISING RATES furnished on application. All com-
board of trustees is a state of affairs not conceivable in
munications should be addressed to
an English or German university.”
THE DIAL, Fine Arts Building, Chicago.
This succinct statement illustrates a condition of
Entered as Second-Class Matter October 8, 1892, at the Post Office
at Chicago, Illinois, under Act of March 3, 1879.
affairs which has become common in our Amer.
ican institutions of higher education, many of
No. 624.
JUNE 16, 1912. Vol. LII.
which have fully developed, or tend to develop,
CONTENTS.
a system of academic autocracy which, in the
opinion of many observers, is ominous of evil
UNIVERSITY CONTROL
451
and a menace to the best interests of education.
THE DUOCENTENARY OF ROUSSEAU. Lewis
Things were not always thus, for a historical
Piaget Shanks
453
CASUAL COMMENT
survey of the history of universities shows a
456
Conventions of literary art.- Library work with the very different condition to have prevailed in
book-hungry immigrant.— The Widener bequest to earlier times. The great medieval universities,
Harvard. - The literary needs of the many.- An
obvious misprint.- One method of book-selection.-
to which legend tells us that students flocked by
Wear and tear in a large library.-The strength and the tens of thousands, were organized upon a
the weakness of American universities.- Humors of basis which made them true republics of learning.
the book-auction room.– The increasing glut of the
book-market. - Activities of the A. L. A. Publishing
A university then was “unbierarchical, democ-
Board.—The award of a French literary prize.- An ratic, anarchic,” being simply the professors and
agreeable innovation. - A glimpse of Shakespeare's
England. — “The Edinburgh Review” under new
the students, governed by many prescriptions of
editorship.- One test of literary quality.
custom, and administered by councils and rec-
COMMUNICATION .
459 tors elected for short periods by the university
Library Borrowers and Circulation. Ella F. Corwin.
body. The German universities of the nineteenth
TALKS ON FAMOUS ETCHERS. Frederick W.
Gookin .
century inherited this good tradition, and the
460
A RATIONAL VIEW OF THE SUPERNATURAL.
English universities followed its teachings. In
Joseph Jastrow .
461 America, the colonial colleges copied the English
BASSETT'S LIFE OF ANDREW JACKSON. St. form of government, and were controlled by their
George L. Sioussat
463
faculties, fellows, and alumni. By gradual steps,
A NEW STUDY OF POETRY. Clark S. Northup 464
however, they slipped into the hands of small self-
A CO-OPERATIVE HISTORY OF THE MIDDLE
AGES. Laurence M. Larson
467 perpetuating corporations, of which an extreme
SOME RECENT DRAMAS. Richard Burton
469 case was Columbia, whose reactionary charter of
Zangwill's The War God.- Kennedy's The Terrible 1810 gave to trustees and president autocratic
Meek.- Galsworthy's The Pigeon.- MacKaye's To-
Morrow. ~ MacKaye's Yankee Fantasies. — Strind-
powers of the sort that political absolutism was
berg's Countess Julia. – Bennett's Polite Farces. — even then beginning to discard as outworn and
Two Plays by Tchekhof.- Tolstoy's The Man Who
unconsonant with the new spirit of freedom that
Was Dead.–Tolstoy's The Living Corpse.- Tolstoy's
The Light That Shines in Darkness.- Baring's The
was abroad in the world.
Grey Stocking, and Other Plays.-Fox's The Waters These quotations and examples are taken
of Bitterness, and The Clodhopper.- Ernst's Master
from Professor Cattell's informed and thorough
Flachsmann.
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
discussion of the subject of university control
471
The greatest of Russian realists. – New studies of (“Science,” Nos. 908–909), a subject upon
the anti-slavery conflict. — The charm of English which he has had much to say of late, finding
women in Japanese eyes. The rise of a noted Irish
portrait painter. -Queen Victoria's early life. —
occasion for caustic criticism of existing Ameri-
India: Its peoples and its problems. – New source can conditions, and standing as the champion of
material in American history. – New light on Laf an academic democracy and a teaching profession
cadio Hear.- A compendium of psychology.-Ore-
gon in the making, by one of the makers.
upon which a man may enter without forfeiting
BRIEFER MENTION
474
his self-respect. An earlier paper on the same
NOTES
475 subject, published some six years ago, was
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
475 | reprinted by him, with footnotes, and sent to
.
.
.
.


452
[June 16,
THE DIAL
several hundred men of science holding academic content with having them set for him by the
positions, asking for their opinions. About three State, or by the organized opinion of his special
hundred replies were received, exhibiting a some occupation. Freedom is the breath of life to the
what remarkable consensus of agreement upon professions, and the law of fruition in achieve-
the main thesis, and betraying a degree of dis ment is for them the law which the inner being
satisfaction with present conditions, which those of the individual both shapes and enforces upon
in the seats of educational power would be well him. “Efficiency” properly lauded in the erec-
advised to heed. This paper proposed a plan of tion of a building, the construction of a machine,
organization upon more democratic lines than now or the management of a railway system, is a per-
prevail, not as a substitution to be immediately fectly meaningless bugbear in the realm of medi-
made, but rather as an ideal to which recon cine, or of art, or of teaching, and it is enough
structive movements should tend. A university to make angels weep to read certain recent sug-
corporation was proposed which should be made gestions that the methods which yield desirable
of professors, alumni, and interested members practical results in bricklaying should forthwith
of the community at large. This corporation be applied to the work done in our schools and
should elect trustees having the ordinary func- colleges. The state of mind in which such a
tions of trustees—the care of the property and suggestion can be even entertained is one that
the representation of the common sense of the calls for a curious inspection of the bumps.
corporation and of the community in university The university is the last place where efficiency
policy.” The professors should elect a president should prevail, says Professor Cattell, if it means
for a short term of years (or an annual rector, giving autocratic powers to any individual. We
as in Germany), and “his salary should not be like a writer who is not too timid to take a logical
larger, his position more dignified or his powers bull by the horns.
greater than those of the professor." The uni The answers received in reply to the question,
versity should be organized in departments, each 299 in number, showed 46 favorable to the pres-
of which should elect its own administrative head, ent system, 69 favorable to a greater degree of
“and have as complete autonomy as is consistent faculty control, and 184 favorable to "a plan of
with the welfare of the university as a whole," representative democracy more or less similar to
and each department should nominate its own the one proposed.” These figures certainly justify
professors. There should be a coördinating body, the statement that “when eighty-five per cent
or “senate” for final elections and for general of those responsible for the conduct of a given
legislation. “There should be as much flexibility system unite in holding that it should be altered,
and as complete anarchy throughout the univer the case may be regarded as strong.” A still
sity as is consistent with unity and order." stronger statement results from examining the
These are the outlines of the plan offered for returns made by five large institutions - Col-
consideration to Professor Cattell’s correspond- umbia, Pennsylvania, Cornell, Johns Hopkins,
ents. He does not balk at the word “anarchy," and Chicago — for out of seventy-two replies
nor will his intelligent readers, for they know only three indicated a preference for the exist-
that the term has a respectable connotation, and ing system. “This is surely a condition which
its use in this connection properly emphasizes foretells reform or bankruptcy” is Professor
the contrast that should be drawn between the Cattell's fitting comment.
Cattell's fitting comment. The realization of
ideal advocated and the ideal which naturally such a reform as is urged in this paper must
finds favor in a commercial and industrial com- necessarily be a matter of many years. As Pro-
munity, which owes its prosperity to autocratic fessor Cattell
fessor Cattell says, “no sensible person would
forms of organization, and to which “efficiency" | attempt to reform suddenly by a paper constitu-
is a fetich. It is hard indeed to make such a com tion a system which has developed in response to
munity realize that its most cherished maxims its environment. The boss in politics, the trust
and methods cannot be applied to an art — least magnate in business, the university president
of all to the fine art of education -and that in and school superintendent, have probably con-
such application they must be deadening or de-duced to a certain kind of efficiency and to an
structive. Yet such is undoubtedly the case, enlargement more rapid than would otherwise
and it illustrates just the difference - or the have been possible.” But this does not mean that
absolute antagonism— between the professional the system thus shaped should be perpetuated,
and the commercial motive. The professional and we are convinced that our author is right, as
man must be free to set his own standards of far as the root of the matter is concerned. But
conduct; the man of business pursuits must be l it will be peculiarly difficult to give effect to such


1912.]
453
THE DIAL
a reform as he proposes, for the reason that the indicates a reaction. Among his contemporaries,
controlling authorities in most of our universities however, we find something of each point of view.
are bodies of men successful in affairs, who can-
This shows us that Rousseau's nature must have had
not think that the methods by which efficiency
its winsome side. Indeed, the whole theory of his
is secured and success attained in the business
repulsive personality, so ingeniously forwarded by
Grimm, Diderot, and their circle, is refuted at once
world may not properly be applicable in the edu-
by Jean-Jacques's proved capacity to attract friends
cational sphere, and to whom the professional
and to win their affection and their influence. In
point of view is simply incomprehensible. They this respect, at least, there was really no need for
will not easily be converted, because they cannot Mrs. Macdonald to amass all the laborious evidence
easily be made to understand. Yet the ideal is of her two-volume apologia.*
worth understanding which is embodied in this Of course, one may make friends everywhere and
series of questions :
still be a charming good-for-nothing. Such individ-
“Can there not be one university where the professor
uals we all know; we are not blinded, as were so many
will have a study instead of an office, where the ideal of Jean-Jacques's contemporaries, by the charms
set before the young instructor is something else than of a newly-discovered sentimentality. Keeping one's
answering letters promptly and neatly on the typewriter, friends is rather a different matter. For friend-
where men are weighed rather than counted, where ship has its duties no less than its privileges; and if
efficiency and machinery are subordinated to the per this great sentimentalist experienced at times the
sonality of great men? Could there not be a university
need of affection and appreciation, if he felt now
or school, dominating some field of scholarship and
research with its half-dozen professors and group of
and again the want of an interlocutor or a confidant,
instructors and students drawn together by them?
a study of his “Confessions" reveals his selfishness
Might not means be devised by which the professor
if not his self-sufficiency. He could forget—he
would be paid for the value of his teaching service and
could let his friends slip out of his life as easily as
research, and then be set free to do his work how and he could change his religion.
when and where he can do it best."
A study of Rousseau's friendships would shed
It is our belief that such a university is pos-
much light upon his character. But his essentially
sible, and that, when once brought into being,
anti-social egotism needs no such evidence. A genius
it would do away with many evils, while its standing out against society, isolated as much through
his morbid sensitiveness as by an apprenticeship to
efficiency in the higher sense would be made so
life which deprived him of any realization of man's
manifest that many others would hasten to copy
place in a world of men, we may be sure that his
its example.
prodigious capacity for feeling will some day find an
outlet in the wildest individualism. Motherless and
early abandoned by a worthless father, we shall not
THE DUOCENTENARY OF ROUSSEAU.
expect such a boy to develop any conception of dis-
The case of Rousseau is about to be re-opened.
cipline. Heredity, environment, and the “
“moment,”
The occasion — for even Jean-Jacques must await
as Taine puts it, all conspired to produce a Jean-
his turn in the modern magazine — is provided by
Jacques. Yet such is the weakness of his will that
the approaching duocentenary. Therefore, as the
even these things might have conspired in vain. If
twenty-eighth of June draws nigh, we may expect
this young ne'er-do-well, rich only in thirty years of
to hear that Rousseau was good, that Rousseau was
vagabondage and dreaming, had not been forced out
bad, that he was a great prophet, that he was a mad.
of a home and a disgraceful guest-friendship by a
man, as well as other opinions almost as diverse and
qualm of wounded pride (read the whole story from
contradictory. And we shall not easily come to a
the time of the partnership with Anet), he might
conclusion, since the whole question involves the
have died a teacher of music in Geneva, and the
fundamental opposition between the feelings and the
world might never have known what an apostle it
intellect. For if the personality of Jean-Jacques is
had lost.
still a matter of discussion, if the value of his influ-
Upon such a chance did the fame of Rousseau
ence is contested, it is because he represents, in his
depend. Always a plaything of his feelings, a man
temperament no less than in his conception of life,
whose actions were determined by his moods, his rôle
education, and politics, the man of feeling - the
in history hangs upon the event which sent him forth
neurasthenic, one might almost say — as opposed to
into the world of Paris,-a world of convention with
the humanist and bel yer in the supremacy of the
a highly organized social hierarchy. Into such a
society, -as Emile Faguet points out, a society of
Such a platitude perhaps requires an apology.
perfectly dovetailed parts, a world where "orig-
Yet from this fact arises the whole dispute over
inal” spelt “eccentric,” came this dreaming vag.
Rousseau. Judged by the Romantic generation,
abond, a grown man with all a boy's timidity, a
his lineal descendants, Jean-Jacques is accounted a
plebeian conscious of genius, an over-sensitive coun-
saint. Dissected by modern pathological criticism, *"Rousseau: A New Criticism," by Frederica Macdon-
he is explained as a degenerate. That fact at least ald, 1906.
reason.
-


454
(June 16,
THE DIAL
cence.
tryman, devoid of social graces and social tact. The storm of sentiment overcame him; the stilled waters
result was inevitable. Given such a genius, his de- | began to course once more; the tide of passion bore
velopment, his theories, his works, his whole apostle away its victim, and Jean-Jacques lost his opportu-
ship, arise from his reaction upon society, a reaction nity to learn the true nature of sophistry.
which came too late to permit him to conform. For if half of his eloquence is vision, a deal of
The process of transformation required several it is sophistical. What a corpus vile for classes in
years. At the beginning, Jean-Jacques made his logic could be found in Rousseau, if anyone took the
effort to conform: he was obliged to earn his living. trouble to read these tiresome volumes ! Yet in
But deep in his heart, his disappointment and his their own day everybody read them; in an age of
rebellion were slowly gathering force; and when, one theorizing, in an age of sentiment already ripe for
fine day in 1749, a newspaper announcement of a lit- passion, this new strain of passionate theory rang
erary contest * suggested an impeachment of civili on the ears of a feminized society with a delicious
zation, his sense of personal wrongs and his imag- thrill. And the virtuous Jean-Jacques, no longer
inative sentimentality drove him into self-expression an outcast, but accepted with all his boorish whims,
with a storm of tears. Now at last he may express now lived as the guest of the great, and in the inter-
his opinion of this world of Paris, so different from vals of music-copying poured forth, with a rapidity
the idealized reminiscences of his vagrant adoles which attests the force of his passion, the “ Discours
sur l’Inégalité,” the “Lettre sur les Spectacles,"
That the occasion of this indictment is the arts, "Julie,” “Emile," the “Contrat Social," and the
that he is himself a writer of little comedies and “Lettres de la Montagne.” For the fervor of this
light operas, and will continue to be one for years, second youth lasted fully twelve years.
is at least significant. But human motives are often
A veritable emotional renascence, out of it sprang
mixed, and in the man of moods they may become all the works of Rousseau. After all, passion alone can
inextricably tangled. So Rousseau wrote his essay, arouse the dreamer to thought, and in this prophet
won the prize, and, in the first flush of fame which of an emotional emancipation there were several
the event brought him, threw aside all attempt to varieties of passion. Jules Lemaître enumerates
conform. More than that, he undertook a personal them in his biography. There was, first of all, the
reformation: he became, as he tells us, “virtuous or plebeian, smarting under the consciousness of his
at least intoxicated with virtue,” resigned his secre social unreadiness and his lack of savoir-faire.
taryship to earn his living by copying music, and There was the disappointed aspirant for musical
emphasized a republican simplicity of dress by a and literary celebrity. There was the vagabond
cynic's rudeness of manner. One remembers his early | who had suffered, who had endured even hunger
reading and his life-long admiration of Plutarch. and privation, in his attempt to live his dream in a
The effect speedily justified the means. Jean world of facts. There was, in short, every seed
Jacques became famous. “All Paris," as he tells us of revolt, everything that could help to create a
in the “Confessions,” repeated his biting sarcasms; destructive critic of the world as it was. But there
now at last the despised plebeian and the haughty was also the man of generous enthusiasms, filled
aristocrat might exchange rôles. Such a transposi- with a personal ideal in which he would have liked
tion could hardly have been unpleasant. And if, to include all humanity. All these were combined
meanwhile, our moral “convert” was living with a and incarnated in this prose-poet, who, as he tells us,
mistress and sending his illegitimate children one felt before thinking," and who in reality was only
after the other to the foundlings' home, it only impelled to think because he felt.
shows us how impossible it is to achieve a senti Thought derived from such a source is rarely new,
mental consistency or to escape the influence of one's however original it may appear to its re-discoverer.
age.
One
may
dream of an Arcadian “Nature" and Even in the eighteenth century, Rousseau's ideas
still accept the vices of irresponsibility so conven were not new. The basic principles of his "system”
iently afforded by a bated civilization.
were the common property of his age. They were
This was Jean-Jacques's "Conversion." It makes in the air, and Jean-Jacques only appropriated them.
a very lyrical page in the “Confessions," a page But he made them his by his lyricism, by the com-
worthy of this re-discovery of emotion in the realm pelling eloquence with which he expressed them, by
of morality. Rousseau was now thirty-seven, his first his passionate force. And if that eloquence sprang
adolescent response to sentiment dulled by use and from chance, if all his work is the product of cir-
by his experience in Paris. He was to find that cumstance, it surely vitiates them as we behold their
again, reminiscentially at least, when he quitted the source. It must alter our opinion of their author; a
world of men and actualities for the dream life of man who is guided by events, who is always accus-
the Hermitage. Now, with the first delights of his ing circumstances or excusing himself thereby,
liaison behind him, his heart was drifting like a ship has little of that force of character which we look
becalmed. He had his chance, a chance favored for in our moral leaders.
As a moralist, it is our
by his work with the Encyclopædists, to divorce his right to judge Jean-Jacques and his doctrine thus;
brain and his heart. Then, without warning, a new as the first of the Romantic fatalists, it is our right
*On the question: Has the restoration of the arts and the
to confront his ideas with his confessions; for if this
sciences contributed to purify or to corrupt manners ? plaything of events and of the élan vital does not


1912.)
455
THE DIAL
seau.
dignify his weakness by the name of pragmatism, he their State from annihilation. So if we are to have
does excuse it by the sophistries of his “philosophy." syndicalism, or some other form of direct proletarian
Of course he is not aware of that. A true Roman democracy, it might be well to aid it discreetly, just
ticist, he deceives himself before he deceives others. as in certain maladies physicians employ a serum
But what unwitting humor in the result! How obtained from the diseased blood of the patient.
clearly he dissimulates his weakness, how he hides In point of fact, we are doing this very thing. For
his hatred of the facts of life and his desire for an im. Rousseauism in politics depends upon Rousseauism
possible dream of self-indulgence-a dream to which in education. It was Jean-Jacques who first stood
we owe that virile phrase of our Declaration : "the for pedagogic naturalism, so intolerant of discipline
pursuit of happiness”! For when Jean-Jacques and the direct training of the character and the will.
compares society with the “natural” man, when he If we consider our present educational system, most
opposes the evils of society to the good of which he of its features are ultimately traceable to Rous-
is ever conscious in himself, we ought to read, not What do our schools and colleges stand for
“society," but the rights of others and the ineluctable to-day? Interest, amusement, rather than set tasks;
force of reality. No, this regenerator of humanity election of congenial studies (since life has in store
never accepted the fact of life, never saw life sanely for us no uncongenial labors); non-sectarianism; and
or saw it whole.
then, absence of all that religious training which
But space forbids the discussion of Rousseau's makes character; neglect of philosophy and meta-
ideas and their place in the history of civilization. physics which make thinkers (what need have we of
To these ideas we owe a great deal: much that is thinkers?); predominance of natural sciences, which
good and much that is unqualifiedly bad.
After a
are mainly nomenclatures, over that harder intellec-
hundred and fifty years, the danger of his doctrine tual training which makes leaders (why should we
is visible in its results. If, a century ago, Rousseau train leaders, being a democracy?); predominance of
ism meant The Rights of Man, to-day Rousseauism utilitarian subjects and manual training over history
carried to its logical conclusion means Socialism. (what can we, the heirs of all the ages, learn from
And as we find that it was he who furnished the à dry and dusty Past?). Yes, if the incapacity of
Revolution with its vocabulary, so we may trace his our present school and college students be taken into
principles in the propaganda of the Socialistic agita- account, if we consider their weakness in thinking,
tion of the present day. Hence a reaction has set in. in character, and in power of self-control, we must
Some of the greatest critics of France have presented admit that we are educating our children up to the
the negative side of Rousseau and Rousseauism, and requirements of a socialistic or syndicalistic Utopia.
one wonders why their books have not been trans Furthermore, we are helping matters in other
lated into English. Surely, at the present juncture ways. Rousseauism in the schools goes hand in
of American politics, we cannot afford to ignore this hand with Rousseauism in Art and Literature, since
intellectual movement of our sister republic; for artist and public are alike trained to prefer an
only such a reaction can show us, children of Jean emotional naturalism to the “aristocratic” beauty
Jacques that we are, how the malady of his dream of self-control. What Jean-Jacques has given us in
ing has invaded our conceptions of politics, life, and the excesses of the Romantic school, what his ideals
art.
of æsthetics are giving us to-day, such critics as
It may be that we are unable to change it. Many Monsieur Lasserre and our own Professor Babbitt.
cannot recognize the evil,-many will not; and these have shown us; “Le Romantisme Français” and
latter would maintain that there is no trace of disease “The New Laokoðn” will perhaps mark an epoch
in our Rousseauistic individualism. Admitted evils in the history of the ideas of the twentieth century.
they would explain as necessary, on the analogy of In our industrial civilization, where many have
the bacterial life which is a concomitant of health in come to see in Art and Literature only a form of
the human system. To such as these it is of no use amusement or a titillation of the senses, where the
to read Faguet's book on Democracy, “The Cult of excesses of certain persons have degraded the
very
Incompetence.” They will assure us that they alone connotation of the adjective "artistic,” such books
represent democratic ideals, since they are in the as these ought to open our eyes to the future of Art
majority; and as they are in the majority, it is plain and Letters under present conditions. If critics and
that they must await the final development of Rous artists do not unite in the formulation of a more
seauism and the argument of events. If the equali virile ideal, the whole subject of Art may find itself
tarian chimæra brings us a syndicalistic State, war relegated to that feminine control which Herbert
and militarism will inevitably follow;
Spencer prophesied as its ultimate function. Shall
haps we shall all, as equals, enjoy the sweet convic we then confess that we are incapable of rising above
tion of force majeure.
the lower æsthetic conception — of transcending the
Certainly, if the Industrial Revolution is on its Romantic subjection to passion and sentiment for
way, no anti-Rousseauistic argument is likely to stop the classical inspiration of intellectual vision?
it. It will come, and our only consolation must be Of course, the former conception is the first to
the thought that it will also come to an end. Twelve move our sympathies. It is difficult to rise to an
years after the French beheaded Louis XVI., they appreciation of the more virile elements in literature.
were obliged to call in a military dictator to save It is difficult to discount the Romantic element, - to
and then per-


456
[June 16,
THE DIAL
hold it in a subordinate position, to keep it in control. emotion? Successfully to solve the problem, as it
Yet we must do it. And we need not fear that its arises, is to demonstrate one's genius as a literary
better qualities will thereby be lost. We need not artist.
fear that Rousseau's contribution to us will be vitiated
LIBRARY WORK WITH THE BOOK-HUNGRY IMMI-
by a little anti-Rousseauism. History in all its bloody
GRANT seems not infrequently to meet with warmer
cycles, life and politics to-day, literature itself, indi-
appreciation and to yield more gratifying results
cate that of all the factors which control human life
than does similar effort bestowed upon our own peo-
and human activities, passion is the one that plays ple. At the Providence Public Library this work
in our despite the largest part. As thinkers, as
appears to be zealously and fruitfully prosecuted.
observers, we may deny its predominance, we may
In the current annual Report of the library we read:
believe ourselves immune. But our immunity ends
“As in previous years, the service rendered by this
when we cease to think. If we make a choice, if
department is two-fold. On the one hand, it serves
we descend from contemplation to action, it is pas-
the readers of foreign birth and parentage who
sion, spontaneous or intellectualized, that compels us
otherwise would have but scanty means of obtaining
thereto. Shall it be the former type, the type for
reading matter, and, on the other hand, it serves
which Jean-Jacques mainly stands? Or shall we,
the readers of American birth and descent who
through a judicious study of anti-Rousseauism, turn
would gladly make themselves familiar with the rich
passion against itself, and give our energies, not
resources of other literatures than their own. ...
merely to a humanitarian but also to a humanistic
Large as is the benefit rendered by the Foreign De-
ideal ?
LEWIS PIAGET SHANKS.
partment in these directions, its service to the newly-
arrived representative of other nationalities is even
greater. In the hands of the vigilant and enter-
CASUAL COMMENT.
prising Custodian of the Department, Miss Reid, its
work has almost risen to the level of an active philan-
CONVENTIONS OF LITERARY ART, the things men thropic agency. ... Some of the noteworthy fea-
and women in books are represented as doing and tures of this department are the sympathetic interest
saying in certain circumstances, are often very
dif. in the readers, together with the total absence of a
ferent from the things they really would do and say patronizing attitude, which have always character-
in the given circumstances. Yet how can great and ized its work.” The making of American citizens out
soul-moving scenes be depicted without a consider of the crude material so abundantly offered in our
able employment of these conventions, these well manufacturing towns may now be reckoned a part of
understood symbols to indicate to the reader what the task likely to be imposed upon the library worker.
is taking place? The older romancers made their
heroines
weep and swoon and go into hysterics with THE WIDENER BEQUEST TO HARVARD, being the
astonishing facility. The story required it, and to valuable collection of rare and what may be briefly
remove these manifestations of feeling would be to called “association” volumes — that is, books en-
leave the context flat and feeble and often all but deared by old associations and often bearing some
meaningless. As Mr. Arthur C. Benson points out mark to indicate these associations — comes into the
in an article on “Realism in Fiction" in the May possession of the Harvard library with a sad pre-
“Cornhill,” the conscientious realist of our own time maturity, through the death of the testator (Harry
often finds himself in a dilemma between his devo Elkins Widener) in the awful shipwreck of April
tion to realism and his need to give some sort of 14-15. Mr. Widener, though a young man and
adequate expression to high emotion and profound hardly more than started in his labor of love as a
feeling. A situation fraught with passion and sen book-collector, had already gathered a library unsur-
timent of the most intense nature is often in real passed in its way by any similar collection. Among
life chiefly remarkable for the outward calm and its treasures are mentioned Shakespeare folios, and
the perfect self-restraint of all concerned. “It is autograph or otherwise valuable copies of books
certainly my experience,” says Mr. Benson, “and I by Dickens, Cowper, Browning, Charlotte Brontë,
should imagine the experience of everyone in En. Byron, and Robert Louis Stevenson, the Steven-
gland at all events, that in scenes and situations soniana being especially noteworthy. Some of the
where the atmosphere is tense with emotion, the latter, including, it is reported, the original manu-
most amazing fact is the incredibly commonplace script of Stevenson's fragment of autobiography,
things which people say and do. In the most tragic were lost in the disaster that cost their owner
scene which I can call to mind, the conversation was his life. The first Hoe sale had greatly enriched
mainly about the weather; it was an intense relief the collection, and further sales of the same great
to everyone present that anyone should have been library, as also the important forthcoming auction
sensible enough to introduce the subject.” How, sales of other famous libraries, would doubtless have
then, shall the realist picture and not merely de- left in Mr. Widener's hands a large number of liter-
scribe at wearisome length and in disenchanting ary treasures to add to his store. By the terms of
detail the intense situation, the moment of over the will, the collection is to go to Harvard when the
whelming passion, of prostrating grief, of ecstatic university shall have made proper provision for the


1912.]
457
THE DIAL
care of the precious bequest. If this clause hastens a writer in the London “Telegraph” describing an
the erection of a new building to take the place of interview with the poet in which the latter, on hav-
old Gore Hall, Mr. Widener will have rendered a ing his attention called to the passage, cried, with
double service to Harvard and to the larger world of "delighted laughter,”—“Why, of course! It ought
letters.
to be “tired'— the rhyme is obvious enough. And
THE LITERARY NEEDS OF THE MANY must often nobody ever saw it before!”
conflict with the scholarly demands of the few in
that work of purveying to the reading public which
ONE METHOD OF BOOK-SELECTION is to pick the
constitutes the never-
er-ending and often perplexing
volumes one most hungers for, let the critics and
task of the free library. A significant passage at
the connoisseurs say what they will. Another way
is to follow blindly and slavishly the judgment of
the opening of the twenty-second annual Report of
the Minneapolis Public Library is of interest in this
some one or more recognized authorities. An unex-
connection. “Before entering upon the details of
pected employment of the second method comes to
this report,” says the librarian, “we wish to speak of
public notice in the mention made by Mr. George
a criticism, more or less just, which has been passed
W. Smalley (in his just-published second series of
upon the work of the library. All criticisms are
“Anglo-American Memories ”) of the library at Skibo
welcomed, and many of them are valuable. This
Castle. It appears that in this collection of the
particular criticism, in brief, charges that the library,
famous founder of libraries for the people “there are
in attempting to reach the many in a large extension
some five-and-twenty thousand volumes, all chosen
by the late Lord Acton.” " What could be more
policy, has somewhat overlooked or neglected the
needs of the more scholarly. It is true that in build-
stimulating,” continues Mr. Smalley, “than to look
over the collection of books which Lord Acton had
ing up new branches, and in opening numerous sta-
tions and factory libraries, much of the book fund
thought suitable as a library for Mr. Carnegie?
has been consumed in the purchase of standard lit-
You saw the meeting of two minds, each highly
remarkable and as unlike as it was possible for two
erature and duplicate materials. The extension work
minds to be.” At any rate, this method of furnish-
has certainly crowded upon the more scholarly side
ing one's house with a ready-made library is prefer-
of the library. The purchase of expensive works
able to that sometimes resorted to by the excessively
and those attracting but a limited number of readers
has been often postponed until these titles could be
wealthy, - the indiscriminate purchase of absurdly
obtained at a cheaper rate. The criticism is well
costly and notoriously worthless subscription books
and sets of books. Better than that, because less
taken, and it is to be regretted that the book fund
wasteful of money and less encouraging of humbug,
will not stretch any farther.” The wise policy of the
greatest good to the greatest number will always,
is it to fill one's shelves with book-shaped blocks of
and unavoidably, cause some discontent among the
wood, handsomely backed and tooled and lettered.
Then when the evil day comes and the price of coal
cultured few, for the public library is and should
ever remain a democratic rather than an aristocratic
soars, you will still have a good supply of excellent
and well-seasoned fuel.
institution.
AN OBVIOUS MISPRINT in an otherwise perfect bit WEAR AND TEAR IN A LARGE LIBRARY, an ener-
of poetry or prose always tempts the nicely critical getic, up-to-date library that does its best to serve
reader to note the correction in the margin rather the community maintaining it, necessarily amounts
than run the risk of letting the error jar and confuse to a good deal each year in terms of dollars and
a succession of subsequent readers. In Browning's cents. For example, the Brooklyn Public Library,
poem “The Worst of It” the sixth stanza is printed as indicated in its current Report, discarded last
in all the editions, so far as we know, as follows: year worn-out volumes to the number of nearly thirty
“And I to have tempted you! I, who tried
thousand, or more than half as many as were added
Your soul, no doubt, till it sank! Unwise,
in the same time; and in the last ten years one
I loved, and was lowly, loved and aspired,
Loved, grieving or glad, till I made you mad,
hundred and sixty-nine thousand volumes have been
And you meant to have hated and despised
sent to the rubbish heap. This last number is not
Whereas, you deceived me nor inquired!”
far from one-quarter of the total number of books in
Now, as in all the other eighteen stanzas of the poem the library, and indicates a commendable (though
the first, third, and sixth lines are made to rhyme costly) vigilance in keeping the collection in good
except in the second, where it is the first, third, and dress-parade order. The question of durable binding
fifth that rhyme-one feels it a wanton blemish that is an important one in this connection, and a state-
here alone the rhyme should be spoiled when by ment from the assistant librarian in the same Report
simply transposing the r and i of “tried” both rhyme emphasizes the superior quality of work done by the
and sense are restored. Browning's syntax may at Chivers Bookbinding Company in rebinding and
times be labyrinthine, and his metre now and then oversewing. Expenditure for replacement has been
jolty; but when he essays rhymed verse he is not so reduced by employing the services of this company,
poor in resource as to be forced to content himself and the money thus saved has been used in buying
with so imperfect a consonance as that here noted. new books. But after all care and economy has been
Accordingly it is with some satisfaction that we find exercised on the public library's part, the public


458
[June 16,
THE DIAL
year is a
.
itself is still lamentably thoughtless and ungentle in himself “A British Publisher” recognizes the harm
its handling of the books provided for its enjoyment. that is being done to the trade by an over-production
No volume needs to be gripped by the reader as if that in the last decade has mounted by leaps and
its two halves were the two handles of a plough, nor bounds beyond all precedent. From the five thou-
does it respond kindly to such rude buffeting as one sand new English works issued in 1901 to the eight
might give to a football.
thousand five hundred of the last calendar
long stride, and ruinously in excess of any increase
THE STRENGTH AND THE WEAKNESS OF AMERI in demand during the same period. With the larger
CAN UNIVERSITIES, as pointed out by one whom we book-production the profit on any one work tends to
have already more than once quoted in these columns, diminish, and so, to make up for this diminution, the
Professor Murray of Oxford, were thus expressed publisher is tempted to make his output still more
in an alleged interview shortly before the English disproportionate to the demand - a policy obviously
scholar's departure from our shores. “The features leading to ruin if persisted in. Manifestly, a gen-
of the American universities which particularly im eral agreement among publishers to adopt a policy
pressed me," are his reported words, “were their of restriction is what is needed. But who is to bring
excellent libraries, the swift effectiveness with which about this agreement or enforce its terms after it has
they punish or drop men who do not pass examina been adopted? Like many other evils, this one of
tions, and the vivid, vigorous spirit which colors and over-production is sure to correct itself, more or less
animates the whole of their university life.” He crudely and clumsily and imperfectly, in the course
deplored the excessive addiction to athletic contests
of time; but a more speedy and effective and less
and other distractions, as also the recent rapid decline ruinously expensive remedy is earnestly to be desired.
of classical study. “Deep decay has eaten into the
study of the classics in America,” he declared, “and
ACTIVITIES OF THE A. L. A. PUBLISHING BOARD,
there is widespread consciousness of it. The decay
an organization formed in 1886 (ten years after the
is in part due to Dr. Eliot's policy at Harvard. He founding of the American Library Association itself)
abolished compulsory Greek. It was an experiment “to further cooperation among libraries in preparing
which should have been tried in a laboratory less
and publishing bibliographies, indexes, and special
noble than Harvard.” While he cannot but admire
catalogues," are thus far responsible for the issue of
the general effectiveness of the training sought by between eighty and ninety publications in book or
the average energetic American, he thinks the time pamphlet form, of which about sixty are at present
has come “which demands deeper, more solid, and
in print. Mr. Henry E. Legler, librarian of the
therefore slower, education.”
Chicago Public Library, is chairman of the board,
and Mr. George B. Utley secretary. It is from a re-
HUMORS OF THE BOOK-AUCTION ROOM ought to
cently published statement of the latter that we learn
furnish some industrious compiler with material for a
how beneficently and unselfishly active the board
highly entertaining volume. Among recent curious
has been in the quarter-century since its formation.
happenings of interest to the purchaser of autographs,
The well-known “A. L. A. Catalogue" and "A. L. A.
there comes from the auction rooms of the Anderson
Index to General Literature” and “A. L. A. Portrait
Company, where the library of the late historian
Index” are among the most valuable publications
Lossing has been passing under the hammer, the
of the board; and it now has in preparation a work
story of the unheard-of prices commanded by two
that will be not less useful in its way to those whom
letters of Colonel Zebulon Butler, of Revolutionary
it primarily concerns. It is a manual of library
fame, and especially associated in history with the
so-called Massacre of Wyoming. The letters in ques particular department of library work, and will con-
economy, each chapter written by a specialist in his
tion were rated at about eight and ten dollars apiece,
the brave Zebulon not being by any means a star of
tain about twenty-six chapters, ten of which have
already been issued as separate pamphlets. The edi-
the first magnitade in the autographic firmament.
torship is vested in a special committee whose chair-
But when they were put up at auction they amazed
man is Mr. J. I. Wyer, Jr., Director of the New York
all beholders by bringing four hundred and sixty and
State Library
five hundred and fifty-five dollars respectively. The
reason for this furious bidding was later found to
THE AWARD OF A FRENCH LITERARY PRIZE of
be the fact that two descendants of Andrew Adams,
ten thousand francs to M. André Lafon for his piece
to whom the letters were addressed, had given each
of fiction entitled “L'Elève Gilles" is announced in
an unlimited order for the letters to an agent, a differ-
Paris. It is the Grand Literary Prize offered regu-
ent agent in each case, with no expectation of any larly by the French Academy for the best work of
active counter-bidding from any quarter.
imagination and inspiration produced within the pre-
ceding two years. The committee of award at first
THE INCREASING GLUT OF THE BOOK-MARKET, favored the recognition of some acknowledged writer
the large preponderance of quantity over quality in of talent rather than the crowning of any single bril-
the wares offered, must sooner or later compel a halt liant production of an unknown hand; but this nat-
in the recklessly rapid production of printed matter. urally led to interminable discussions and dissensions,
A writer in the London “ Daily News” who signs with the intermixture of personal prejudices and


1912.]
459
THE DIAL
He says:
animosities. Consequently, as has often happened ment, “have been to inculcate a sane and individualist
before and will often happen again in such elections, Liberalism, and under its new editor the ‘Review'
the choice of a “ dark horse"
was forced
upon
'the will be as strongly opposed to democratic tyranny
electors; and M. Lafon proves this time to be the and democratic corruption as it was in the early years
lucky man. Not that it is all luck, however, for a suffi of the nineteenth century to the tyranny and corrup-
ciently trustworthy authority pronounces “L'Elève tion of an aristocracy. It will continue to defend
Gilles” to be “simple et très profond.” But we are the unity of the kingdom and to advocate those
still far from being assured that as a spur to genius principles of personal liberty and personal respon-
the literary prize of so-and-so many francs or dollars sibility from which Liberalism should never be
or ducats is really productive of works destined to divorced. . . . Every endeavour will be made to
live, or that even the most carefully selected profes- maintain the reputation of the Review for fair-
sional critics can discern the qualities that are likely minded and tolerant criticism in literature and art,
to ensure this immortality.
and in the future, as in the past, cordial welcome will
always be given to new ideas and new movements
AN AGREEABLE INNOVATION, among
other
agree for the advancement of the nation.” The new editor
able experiences encountered in Boston by our late is Mr. Harold Cox, and the next number will be the
English visitor, Mr. Arnold Bennett, and noted by
first to enjoy the benefit of his editorial skill.
him in his contribution to the current issue of
“Harper's Magazine," was the nature of the reading ONE TEST OF LITERARY QUALITY, easy to apply,
matter he found awaiting him in his hotel room. was brought to the attention of the American Book-
“When I got to the entirely admirable sellers' Association, at its late convention in New
hotel I found a book in a prominent situation on the York, by Mr. E. W. Mumford, of the Penn Pub-
writing table in my room. In many hotels this book lishing Company. The subject of his thoughtful
would have been the Bible. But here it was the and admirable address was “ Juvenile Readers as an
catalogue of the hotel library; it ran to 182 pages. Asset,” and he spoke an energetic word for raising
On the other hand, there was no bar in the hotel, the standard of children's books handled by the
and no smoking-room. I make no comments; I dealers -- that is, for wiser discrimination on the
draw no conclusions; I state the facts.” It is safe bookseller's part in selecting his juvenile stock.
to say that the number of hotels in England, or The cooperation of parents is necessary in this
indeed in all Europe, that have their own libraries toning up of the book-market, and one way in which
and their own printed catalogues of their libraries they can make their children ashamed of a low
could be counted on the fingers of one hand, with taste in story-books is to make them read some of
not far from five fingers left over after the enumer the trash aloud. “One boy," said Mr. Mumford,
ation; and this, of course, is only one small item in was cured of the dime novel habit by making him
the splendid story of the growth and spread of the read out loud. He was really ashamed to give open
library idea in America as compared with its less expression to its improbabilities and cheap heroics.
general and rapid extension in the Old World. The glamor of many a modern juvenile would fade
under this test."
A GLIMPSE OF SHAKESPEARE'S ENGLAND is easily
to be had this summer by the Londoner or the visitor
to London. At the Earl's Court Exhibition Grounds,
COMMUNICATION.
between South Kensington and West Brompton, is to
be seen a realistic though somewhat jumbled-together LIBRARY BORROWERS AND CIRCULATION.
reproduction of the streets and houses of Elizabethan
(To the Editor of THE DIAL.)
London, the market place at Exeter, the Salisbury
Concerning your recent paragraph on the number of
Cross, the main street of Lynton, the old Globe Thea borrowers according to the population of a town, may I
tre of Shakespeare fame, the Fortune Theatre for be allowed to suggest that statistics of borrowers which
sixteenth-century dances and music, Shakespeare's
do not also include the statistics of circulation do not
bookstall, Ann Hathaway's cottage, Plymouth Har-
mean much? I have in mind a library which reports
bor with the battleship “Revenge" riding proudly at
over 14,000 borrowers and a circulation of less than
anchor, and other sights of long ago - all called into
70,000 books, while other libraries with less than 8,000
borrowers circulate nearly 80,000 books. Why borrow-
being from the irrevocable past by the zeal and munif-
ers if they do not borrow?
icence of Mrs. Cornwallis West in aid of the Shake-
The only difference can be that in the former case
speare Memorial Theatre Fund.
the list of borrowers has not been revised for years, and
is no doubt many times the actual number of active
“THE EDINBURGH REVIEW” UNDER NEW EDIT borrowers; while in the latter case, the list is kept more
ORSHIP, the seventh editorship since Francis Jeffrey nearly down to the real number.
held sway at the founding of the celebrated Liberal It is true that “statistics have a bad reputation,” and
quarterly a century and a decade ago, will con in perhaps no other field do they often mean so little
sistently maintain, announce the publishers, the
as in that of the library.
Ella F. CORWIN,
principles advocated by the “Edinburgh” from the
Librarian, Elkhart-Carnegie Public Library.
beginning. Its traditions, continues the announce Elkhart, Ind., June 5, 1912.


460
(June 16,
THE DIAL
66
The New Books.
Haig by saying he will speak of him "with per-
haps no accent of personal enthusiasm, but with
a measure of respect that is not invariably ac-
TALKS ON FAMOUS ETCHERS. *
corded him.” In strong contrast to this is his
It might be supposed that a book on Etchings warm commendation of a “ little Set” of etchings
forming a part of “The Connoisseur's Library” by Veyrassat, which he does not hesitate to clas-
would give a clear and comprehensive account sify as “some of the most distinguished croquis
of the etching process and the cognate processes wrought in all the years since men have etched."
of dry-point and aquatint, would then deal with Whistler he is sure would have put his name to
the beauties and limitations of the results obtain them with satisfaction.
able by their employment, and place before the Hesitation in expressing opinion is not one of
reader descriptions of the noteworthy achieve-
Sir Frederick's shortcomings. Nevertheless he
ments of the artists who have used them success discreetly avoids committing himself upon diffi-
fully, furnishing also lists of the most highly cult matters of connoisseurship,- as in the case
esteemed plates and indicating in each instance of the etchings formerly attributed to Rembrandt
the preferable state. Apparently, however, Sir but now regarded as of doubtful origin. The
Frederick Wedmore's conception is that the deft way in which he dodges the questions raised
series to which he contributes aims not so much by these etchings is amusing. He admits that
to educate connoisseurs as to entertain them; so • It is necessary of course, in writing about Rem-
he considers it needless to attempt to tell the brandt or in studying him, to take account of
reader “what constitutes a good Etching in the
this matter. But it would be a mistake here to
abstract ” or “what subjects and what moods pursue it in detail.” Hence
this particular Art favours.” Instead he tells “We have moved, in this chapter, where we were
what he thinks of the best-known practitioners
entitled to move among accepted pieces. We were
of the art.
entitled because it is very seldom, in the case of any
master, that the chefs d'ouvre, and those that are in line
Personality rather than performance is what
with the chefs d'ouvre, and therefore fit in any way to
interests Sir Frederick most. This book is more be remotely compared with them, are questioned at all.
about etchers than etchings. It is made up of As a rule, the critic who is busy with doubtful attribu-
informal discourse in a rambling and jerky style,
tions, is busy with the second-rate."
abounding in many parentheses. The following The longest chapters in the book are those de-
extract is characteristic, though it contains only voted to Rembrandt and Whistler, twelve pages
two instances of the extraordinary use of capi being accorded to one and a few lines more than
tals that the author affects. He speaks of Mr. that space to the other. The inadequacy of this
William Strang.
to give anything like a comprehensive view of
“Strang has been extraordinarily prolific. Hundreds
the work of either of these artists is so obvious
of plates — landscapes and figure pieces, allegory and that it savors of supererogation to point it out.
realism -- have been chronicled by Mr. Laurence Binyon What should be said of an appreciation of
— a grave, noteworthy personality: a serious thoughtful
Rembrandt as an etcher that fails to make any
student - in just such a volume as it is apparently at
present (witness, for instance, the vast book which dis-
mention of such important plates as “The Three
plays the performances of Mr. Brangwyn) the fondest Trees” or “ The Death of the Virgin"? It can
aim of the ambitious, pertinacious Etcher to know is in scarcely be that the author does not find these
existence about him. Far am I from saying that amongst works interesting. Yet he professes to give a
those hundreds of pieces — amongst these “ many inven-
tions' - there are not numerous examples of Mr.
brief chronological survey of the master's achieve-
Strang's capacity to entertain visions of Beauty. His ment in this special field, and he assigns dates
dreams — that come to him so constantly: that come with a confidence that a more careful student
nearly as easily as words do to a Welshman-his dreams
would find difficulty in sharing. His assertion
are really not quite all of them nightmares."
that “ It was not till 1651 that we get the first
The caustic tone of these remarks is exceptional. of the nude women,” is a case in point.
For the most part the work of the several artists In the main the author's estimates of the ar-
whom the author passes in review is looked upon tistic worth of the etchings he sees fit to name are
with an indulgent eye. There is a constant effort well considered. Few discriminating connois-
to find as much as possible to praise. Occasion seurs, for example, would question his rating of
ally he bestows dubious compliments,—as when the “Clement de Jonghe” as the greatest of
he prefaces an appreciation of the work of Axel
Rembrandt's etched portraits. But when he
* ETCHINGS. By Frederick Wedmore. Illustrated, “The
transforms Whistler's comment upon it into a
Connoisseur's Library." New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. glorification of Tintoretto the reader may well


1912.]
461
THE DIAL
be amazed. This is Sir Frederick's version of is, after all, something of a feat. Yet it fur-
Mr. Whistler's statement:
nishes agreeable reading, and the forty-four
“ And yet more interesting is it to be assured, as we excellent reproductions of notable etchings make
have been lately assured, on evidence irrefutable, of the book worth having.
how Whistler regarded it. He praised not often, but
FREDERICK W. GOOKIN.
of this, what he said was, “Without flaw: beautiful as a
canvas by Tintoret -- beyond which there is nothing.'
Whistler, like other men, may have had sins to
A RATIONAL VIEW OF THE
answer for, but he never could have made a state-
SUPERNATURAL.*
ment so palpably absurd as this. What he did
It seemed inevitable that sooner or later such
say was inscribed by him and signed with the
a book as Mr. Tuckett's “ The Evidence for the
butterfly signature upon the mount of a marvel Supernatural” would come to be written,—that
lous impression of the third state (according
once the tidal wave of mysticism spread by the
to Dutuit's classification) of the "Clement de precipitate conclusions of “Psychic Researchers”
Jonghe,” now in a Chicago collection :
had spent its force and inundated defenceless
“ Without flaw!-- Beautiful as a Greek marble or a
positions, the sturdy common sense character-
canvas by Tintoret.
istic of Huxley's countrymen would assert itself.
“A masterpiece in all its elements — beyond which
That the critical review when it came should
there is nothing."
be so thorough in execution, so broad in treat-
This and Sir Frederick's distorted version, it
ment, so acceptable in form and content, is a
will be perceived, are as wide apart as the poles.
canse for congratulation in the rationalistic
It is a pity that the incorrect statement should
camp. The author's misgiving that his sub-title
be given currency by being printed in a volume
would lay him open to the charge of egotism
of an important series and vouched for " on evi-
dence irrefutable” by an author so well known the merits of the book that it shows so clearly the
may be readily dismissed; it is not the least of
as Sir Frederick Wedmore.
necessity of trained judgment and the saturation
The chapters dealing with other etchers are
of the inquiring mind with the saving grace of
quite as cursory as the one about Rembrandt. logical rectitude, sustained in turn by psycho-
That concerning Whistler is merely “a little logical insight, for a safe conduct through the
sketch-map
of his career as an etcher. In
tangled thickets from which so many a traveller
mentioning Mr. Howard Mansfield's “Catalogue returns with strange tales and stranger beliefs.
of Whistler’s Etchings and Dry-Points,” to
Mr. Tuckett, among whose titles of distinc-
which he accords generous praise, and the illus-
tion is that of Senior Demonstrator of Physiology
trated catalogue issued by the Grolier Club, the in Cambridge University, upholds the traditions
author questions the advisability of “the mul-
of his scientific fraternity with a directness of
tiplication of States " that they encourage, and
purpose reflected in simple and effective address.
says “ It is possible — it seems to me to be
too elaborate for lucidity
He conveys a sense of mastery of his material
too intricate for
that is indeed sufficiently “ uncommon ” to de-
practical convenience." Yet in commenting
serve favorable mention. With the dissector's
upon the “Clement de Jonghe” he remarks that
sense of structure he manages to strip each
“ Little changes unimportant to mention, but subject of its enshrouding envelopes of acquired
not unimportant to avoid, have caused deterio- prejudice and confusion, and to deal directly
ration in the second ” state of the print. How, with the flesh-and-blood reality underlying the
it may be asked, is the collector to know about
presentable argument. In many
hands this
these differences if they are not to be mentioned ?
treatment might readily lead to a charge of
Apparently Sir Frederick Wedmore has irreverence, for the subjects of the dissection
attempted in this volume to do again what
involve the intimate facts of our being and des-
Hamerton accomplished in his “ Etching and
tiny about which cherished beliefs and hallowed
Etchers.” In a way he has brought that work views have been built up. Mr. Tuckett's con-
down to date, though without Hamerton's liter- sideration is at once calm and sympathetic ; his
ary skill and charm of style; and he overlooks knife is applied to save, not to injure. The
some of our best American etchers, such as
personal candor which pervades the whole dis-
Charles A. Platt, J. Alden Weir, and Cadwal-
arms criticism and compels attention.
lader Washburn. To have written a volume
of two hundred and thirty pages upon a techni- Study Made with "Uncommon Sense." By Ivor Ll. Tuckett.
* THE EVIDENCE FOR THE SUPERNATURAL. A Critical
cal subject and put in so very little information New York: E. P. Dutton & Co.


462
[June 16,
THE DIAL
The treatment is broad, though suggestive. confronted with a "medium" claiming trans-
It considers three orders of inquiry : first, the cendental powers and strangely violating, while
inherent logic of vexed issues, the nature of professedly conforming to, the rules of scientific
truth and evidence, the psychological prejudices procedure. Mr. Tuckett's chapters on "Truth
and logical pit-falls that beset the procedure and Evidence" are highly pertinent. They are
through which intellectual emancipation is
emancipation is addressed to the man-in-the-street,"and though
achieved ; second, the examination of the prob- intended for home consumption will safely bear
lems of “Psychical Research” and the proposed exportation to kindred communities.
conclusions favoring a supernatural interpreta Modern Spiritualism, an American product
tion of this type of occurrence; third, the par- of lowly origin, represents the leit-motif in the
allel
survey of the supernatural beliefs espoused movement of “ Psychical Research.” This is
by dominant religions. To this is added, by significant;. for its affiliations are ancient, with
way of constructive compensation, a lucid state varied and rich development among primi-
ment of the agnostic position, offering food for tive peoples.
tive peoples. This cultural connection is well
all, irrespeetive of pbilosophy or religious be- brought out by Mr. Tuckett, who cites parallels
lief. A series of appendices gives confirmatory in the beliefs, practice, and conclusions among
data and citations, and gives an analytical unenlightened devotees to the most recent so-
review of Mrs. Piper's revelational (or inquisi-berly recorded message from the beyond. The
tional) sittings which is quite the best diagnosis presence of scientific instruments, a stenographic
yet put forth of this illusive and defiant candi- record, and the academic credentials of the
date for supernatural honors.
sitters fail to obscure the resemblance. The
It would be comforting to believe that the hypothesis finds its complement and its rival
mid-Victorian illumination of the logic of sci- in telepathy, which is the scientific formulation
ence had done its work so thoroughly that the of the power to transcend ordinary limitations
fruits thereof would become the natural heritage of sense ; its cultural analogue is the belief in
of succeeding generations. Yet despite the second-sight (clairvoyance) of favored individ-
reinforced contributions of Mill, Lewes, Lecky, uals. The argument when stated statistically
Huxley, Clifford, Morley, White, and others in seems to carry conclusion with the sacredness
brilliant succession, it would appear that the les-attaching to numbers; but the qualities ascribed
son must be set anew to each generation, almost to them as reinforcements of beliefs aroused and
for each situation; the personal element is so cherished by quite other considerations are no
insistent that vicarious experience carries but a less subjective, however radically unlike the mys-
feeble moral. The fundamental clue to the reason tical ascriptions of the most devout Pythagoreans
why men and women of ordinary and extraordi- of Hellenicor mediæval cast of mind. Mr. Tuckett
nary sturdiness of mind go wrong in the alluring subjects the evidence for telepathy to a critical
purlieus of “Psychical Research ” remains a analysis. It all comes back to a sense of logical
logical one. Truth and evidence seem objective solidarity; knowledge is limited, but the temper
enough ; and with charted seas, light-houses, and to which it yields is abundantly manifest. The
compass, it would appear that anyone with com universe is imperfectly known ; but the dom-
mon sense and a fair experience could steer a inant trend of its phenomena forms a goodly
sea-worthy vessel safely to port. Yet the frailty and after all a fairly consistent bit of doctrine.
of human reasoning is writ large on every page Shall we modestly recognize the manifold gaps
of history; and the fall of man through partak- | in our constantly revised system, or shall we
ing of the tree of too little knowledge is quite peer through these openings for strange light
as truly the story of logical as of moral imper- that shines not on sea or land of our accredited
fection. We talk glibly of the prejudices, as domain? Professor James was wont to regard
of the superstitions, of our ancestors and of our the answer as determined by our sense of the
neighbors ; and we realize these forces, for the dramatic possibilities. Mr. Tuckett finds in
most part, sincerely, tolerantly, and understand the dossier of the case a great contribution to
ngly. But bias spreads its roots tenaciously the psychology of bias
in the sub-soil, conditioning growth in a way At first sight a relation between the argu-
not revealed on the surface. There seems, too, ment for telepathy and for the efficacy of prayer
a peculiar atmosphere of the seance chamber seems strange. Granted the preliminaries of Mr.
hostile to lucid rationality. Even men of large Tuckett's position and the logical analogy fol-
intellectual calibre and trained judgment seem lows, and leads naturally to the discussion of
to lose or drop the ægis of their armament when / miracles, which has always occupied the centre


1912.]
463
THE DIAL
of the stage in the drama of the supernatural.
BASSETT'S LIFE OF ANDREW JACKSON.*
The spirit of the inquiry is here broadened.
Logical value gives way to psychological inter The appearance of the Life of Andrew Jack-
est; for prayer and miracles become a varieties son, upon which Professor John Spencer Bassett
of religious experience” in the sense familiar-
of Smith College has long been engaged, gratifies
ized by James. These we may project upon a
the expectant reader. Based upon a painstak-
foreign background, and thus withdraw undue ing examination of the voluminous manuscript
attention from the veridical features, while ob-papers of President Jackson, this work, more
serving their common function of ministering to nearly than any of its numerous predecessors,
spiritual satisfaction and the generic features intimately and justly portrays the character of
of psychological conformity to type which such
one of the most remarkable of Americans.
experiences present despite contrasts of setting
In the first volume Professor Bassett traces
and alien habits of mind. Here, too, pathology Jackson's career from his birth (as to which he
of the mind enters ; hallucinations have taken accepts Jackson's own belief that he was born
the guise of revelations; abnormal susceptibility in South Carolina) through the oppressed boy-
may be associated with the possession of alleged hood of the Revolutionary period, the youthful
supernormal powers. The inclusive query re-
shiftings in North and South Carolina, the early
mains : Why may not the comprehension of duelling and judging and Indian fighting, the
the manifestations grouped about prayer and
rise to fame in military affairs, the crowning
miracles, and the tendency to credit supernatural glory of New Orleans, and the evolution of the
powers of revelation, proceed by mutual illu- frontier general into a presidential candidate.
mination? The spirit of the drama is quite This volume closes with the election of 1824;
independent of the stage setting ; interests and
thus there is left for the second volume the cam-
their expression exert a mutual influence upon paign against Adams, the two presidential terms,
one another, yet reveal similarity of source and
and the declining years, to Jackson's death, in
appeal in and through the diversity of culture. 1845, at the age of seventy-eight. When one
Whether or not investigations in Psychical compares the periods of time allotted to the re-
Research " can or should influence one's atti spective volumes, - fifty-seven years to the first
tude towards experiences most conveniently and twenty-one to the second, it would seem hard
called spiritual, towards a group of beliefs that to suggest a fairer division; yet the second vol-
have always attracted the interests of men,
ume leaves one with the sense of compression, as
towards the conception of the universe, and the
if the story had been hurriedly brought to a close.
bearing of science upon the conduct of life, is a This feeling involves not so much the details of
question which Mr. Tuckett includes within the the life, for these are kept before one to the end.
scope of his survey. He sets forth the founda- The relation which Jackson, as the central figure,
tions of the agnostic position, and compares its
bore to the purely political phase of the period
offerings- even to the concreteness of parallel could hardly be presented in better proportion.
columns — with those of more positive religious The account of the rivalry with Calhoun and the
faiths. The spirit of tolerance has so far tri- struggle with Clay is masterly. It is to the deeper
umphed that such argument proceeds nowadays economic and social forces which Jackson repre-
with mutual respect of rival protagonists and a
sented that one wishes the author might have
relieving absence of suggestions of moral lapse. given more space. It is indeed attempted, and
There is no doubt that philosophical inclinations
with all success, to give summaries of the prob-
have now an easier approach to a respectful lems of Jackson's administrations, the craze
hearing than in the days when heresy was a
for internal improvements, the difficulties of the
convenient charge for an uncongenial position. system of finance and banking, the friction in
With this increased privilege comes the obliga- Indian relations and in foreign relations, the con-
tion and opportunity to achieve an intellectual flict as to the proper policy in the administration
conformity of thought and sympathy that is char of the public lands. But Jackson's own relation
acteristically modern, even recent, and which in to the questions which his administration brought
turn determines the manner of interest in, and before him, and his own point of view as deter-
the attitude towards, the significance and bear- mined or strongly influenced by the experience
ing of “Psychical Research." Views are not of his own State, might, in the opinion of the
so much refuted as outgrown. Mr. Tuckett's reviewer, be more clearly brought out.
volume is at once a factor and an aid in this * THE LIFE OF ANDREW JACKSON. By John Spencer
consummation.
Bassett. In two volumes. Illustrated. New York: Double-
JOSEPH JASTROW. day, Page & Co.


464
[June 16,
THE DIAL
.
Thus, as to the problem of the public lands, tive in Congress was reserved by the leaders for
it was Tennessee that educated Thomas Hart Jackson because he was strong with the people
Benton to be the exponent of the views of the and this was “a single office which depended
frontier. As to the banks, it was Tennessee (as on the suffrages of all the people.” On the
Professor Sumner, in his book on Jackson, did contrary, the governor was elected by popular
not fail to observe) in which Jackson stormed vote. In this respect the Tennessee constitution
at the first « relief” bank of this section of the of 1796 made a notable advance over that of
Mississippi Valley, declaring his distrust of all the mother-state, North Carolina.
banks. Again, in connection with the story of The work is embellished with reproductions
Georgia and the Cherokees, is it not worth noting of the Sully, Healy, Carter, and Earl portraits
that the Cherokee country extended into Tennes of the General, and others of a daguerreotype
see as well as into Georgia, Alabama, and North by Adams and a miniature by Vallée. There
Carolina, and that after John Marshall's decis are also reproductions of a drawing of the
ion in Worcester vs. Georgia, a law was passed Hermitage and an engraving of a miniature
in Tennessee to extend the jurisdiction of the of Mrs. Jackson by Anna C. Peale. There are
State over the Indians, and a test case carried two maps, one illustrating Jackson's operations
through the highest courts of the State to a in the Creek country and around Mobile in
decision adverse to that of Marshall: while the 1813-1814, and the other the movements of
Chief Justice of Tennessee who rendered this the armies around New Orleans. The printing
decision was soon promoted to the Supreme is for the most part well done. Somewhat unusu-
Court of the United States by the nomination ally, and perhaps to the confusion of those who
of Andrew Jackson? In treating of the policy may wish to refer to the work, the paging is
of Jackson towards the Indians, Professor carried consecutively through the two volumes.
Bassett indeed says: “ Jackson, however, had a
ST. GEORGE L. SIOUSSAT.
Western man's view of the Indian question.
He showed it by a determination to appoint a
Westerner secretary of war.” He might have
A NEW STUDY OF POETRY.*
added, and the addition, we believe, would
be enlightening, - that the whole cohort of
Professor Jack, the author of a brilliant study
Tennesseans in Washington was set at work of the poetry of Shelley, has of course long since
to accomplish the “ Western ” policy. In the
in the lists of criticism. In his
spurs
House of Representatives, John Bell was made
new volume on “Poetry and Prose” he discusses
the chairman of the committee on Indian rela- the work of some seven poets of the eighteenth
tions ; in the Senate, in the similar chairman-
and nineteenth centuries, with the fundamental
ship, Hugh Lawson White led the administra-
purpose of demonstrating how these poets illus-
tion's forces. Strangely enough, of all the
trate the description of poetry with which his
Tennessee delegation it was only the typical
and eccentric backwoodsman, David Crockett,
Mr. Jack is too sensible to undertake an exact
already at odds with Jackson, who arose to
definition of poetry. The most he attempts to
plead the cause of the poor Indian.
do is to describe it. Perhaps one may best char-
But we recognize that Professor Bassett has
acterize his attitude by saying that he resolutely
undertaken to write a life of Jackson, not a
exalts the mood of the poet.
history of his times. For what he has done he
“Prose is the language of cool reason, Poetry that of
is entitled to the warmest praise. We have
ecstasy. It follows that Prose is the language of speech,
normal, without rhythm, balanced, like a highway road,
found but few errors of fact. In the first
a straight line, a stick, the sentences coming to an end
volume, two may be noted. On page 25, it is and joining into one another imperceptibly; and that
stated that “By an act of May 26, 1790, con-
Poetry is the language of song, at least of rhythm - for
gress organized the country between the Ohio
utterance, when excited, takes to itself a rhythmic qual-
ity. Poetry is what man utters when he loses his balance,
and the present states of Alabama and Missis-
his normality — the high and low notes of emotion."
sippi as “The Territory of the United States Acceptance of this doctrine of course depends on
Southwest of the River Ohio.'” This statement
the sense which we are willing to attach to the
is incorrect: Kentucky was admitted to the
words “ecstasy” and “loss of balance or normal-
Union as a district of Virginia, and was never
ity.” Taken in the ordinary sense, it seems to us
ceded to the United States, as North Carolina
had ceded the Tennessee country. Again, page
* POETRY AND PROSE. Being Essays on Modern English
Poetry. By Adolphus Alfred Jack. New York: E. P.
28, it is argued that the position of representa Dutton & Co.
won his
volume opens.


1912.]
465
THE DIAL
.
that they present an extreme view of the poetic of this he finds to be Wordsworth's lines on the
mood. But compare it now with this passage a death of Lucy:
little furtber on:
“A slumber did my spirit seal;
“Prose is Is, the ever-present fact, to-day; Poetry,
I had no human fears:
in love with yesterday and to-morrow, flies to the cool
She seemed a thing that could not feel
night and away from noon— to the cool night with its
The touch of earthly years.
silences and the riddle of the unnumbered stars. Prose
deals with things as they are — school, marriage, wills,
“ No motion has she now, no force;
dress, law, civilisation, order and degree. Poetry is oc-
She neither hears nor sees:
cupied with the bases of these — birth, love, and death,
Rolled round in earth's diurnal course,
human passions, men.”
With rocks, and stones, and trees.”
From this it appears that it is not so much with Perhaps impressions are of no great consequence,
the non-normal as with the commonplace that but it seems to us that these lines are distinctly
prose has to deal. It is perhaps unfortunate the work of a young man; it may be recalled
that Mr. Jack uses the word normal in this sense. that Wordsworth wrote them at twenty-nine.
For the usual, or common, and the normal are We grant that the first six lines are a simple
not necessarily identical; and to say that the and perfect” expression of the vital contrasted
poetic mood is not as normal to man as the mood with the inanimate; but what of the last two
of prose is inexact and misleading. The last two lines? Is not this the thought of a young man,
sentences of the quotation, too, seem to us unfor- who is not expressing the naked feeling that the
tunate, since they tend to draw attention to the loss of Lucy brings? The thought of earth's
material with which the poet deals. It is not, how- diurnal course is an intellectual concept, a matter
ever, the matter but the mood that counts. To of science. The young man, then, is not so far
accept Mr. Jack's words literally would compel from the “normal” but that he thinks of this
one to rule out poems like Spenser's “Epitha- fact and connects Lucy's remains with other
lamion" and the conclusion of In Memoriam," revolving objects.* And (though this is aside
as well as such lines as
from the main question) is it not after all a poor
“ Move upward, working out the beast, way of characterizing inanimity, for do not the
And let the ape and tiger die.”
living revolve with the dead? We will only add
Likewise this, which is surely not the least poetic that if the two lines be justified by Wordsworth-
stanza of “ The Palace of Art":
ians on the ground of their being emotion recol-
“ And one, an English home-gray twilight pour'd lected in tranquillity, then the expression of such
On dewy pastures, dewy trees,
emotion is to us not convincing.
Softer than sleep --- all things in order stored,
A haunt of ancient Peace."
The poetry of the young, Mr. Jack believes to
Of course Mr. Jack means nothing of the kind.
be that in which the expression is less deeply con-
What he does mean, as we infer from his context,
trolled by the emotion ; it is “ the rhapsody of
is that in a general way school, while it lasts, is
appreciation. The young poet is more alive than
a prosaic, not to say distasteful, matter; that
any other young man, though all young men are
marriage, when it suggests merely settlements
more alive than mature men to the beauty and
and household economies, is likewise incapable charm of colour, glory of sight, delight of scent,
of arousing the poetic fervor.
which is in the world, as also he is more alive to
We follow our author more readily when he
the delicate ecstasies of newly awakened feeling."
says that “the use of the poetic imagination com-
To illustrate this the author quotes from Keats
municates an ideal pleasure, a pleasure derived
and from Shakespeare's early plays. But un-
ultimately from the realization by the soul of its fortunately for his nomenclature, he admits that
own freedom in regard to the world.” Or,
we occasionally find the same sort of thing in
one might put it, poetry is the voice of the infi-
Shakespeare's later plays. Would it not be bet-
pite in man.
ter, then, instead of distinguishing between the
Mr. Jack now takes up some of the kinds of poetry of maturity and that of immaturity, to
poetry, and first the poetry of the young man and
say that the difference is not so much of kind
of the mature man. By the poetry of maturity
as of the degree to which the emotion controls
he means that which is concerned immediately
the expression?
with the feeling itself and is occupied solely in * Compare Tennyson's
expressing the feeling as felt. . . . Some experi-
“Break, thou deep vase of chilling tears,
ence comes to the poet and he reverberates with
the effect of which is similar, because it is an invasion by
a sympathetic cry.” The most concrete instance science into the domain of poetry.
as
That grief hath shaken into frost."


466
[June 16,
THE DIAL
<
Mr. Jack is quite right in saying that “poetry This is how Browning renders it:
is not description, it is sympathetic emotion.”
« And thus
A passage is poetical to the degree in which the Through each familiar hindrance of the day
description, brief or prolonged, rises out of and
Did I make steadily for its hour and end, -
conveys, with sustained effect, the emotion of
Felt time's old barrier-growth of right and fit
Give way through all its twines, and let me go.
the poet. There must be a unity of impression ; Use and wont recognized the excepted man,
a poem, long or short, must impress us as a Let speed the special service,--and I sped
whole. Sometimes, however, “the impression Till, at the dead between midnight and morn,
is not poetical, as in • The Ring and the Book,'
There was I at the goal, before the gate,
With a tune in the ears, low leading up to loud,
and this is because the whole, allowing for
A light in the eyes, faint that would soon be flare,
surprising spurts of emotion, is the result of an
Ever some spiritual witness new and new
intellectual process.
In faster frequence, crowding solitude
To discuss this passage leads us into a large
To watch the way o' the warfare,—till, at last,
When the ecstatic minute must bring birth,
question. Is “The Ring and the Book” a poem ?
Began a whiteness in the distance, waxed
Is it poetical in its effect? Applying the rigor Whiter and whiter, near grew and more near,
ous standard propounded by Mr. Jack, we must Till it was she: there did Pompilia come:
answer in the negative. Only in spots does The white I saw shine through her was her soul's,
the poet come anywhere near the poetic madness
Certainly, for the body was one black,
Black from head down to foot. She did not speak,
posited by Mr. Jack's description. Yet we
Glided into the carriage,—so a cloud
cannot believe that this is quite conclusive. Gathers the moon up. By San Spirito,
For it must be borne in mind that “ The Ring To Rome, as if the road burned underneath!
and the Book” is a dramatic poem. Except
Reach Rome, then hold my head in pledge, I pay
in the prologue and the conclusion, the poet is
The run and the risk to heart's content!' Just that,
I said, then, in another tick of time,
depicting not his own state of mind and feeling
Sprang, was beside her, she and I alone."
but that of nine other persons, namely, three
In the Old Yellow Book, as is well known, there
citizens of Rome, the three chief actors in the
drama, the two lawyers, and the Pope who is
is no suggestion of love between Caponsacchi
pronounces the final judgment. Obviously a
and Pompilia, except from their enemies. Their
mutual love in the
Tyrical standard, which will apply to the singer's of Browning, and this it is which removes the
poem is entirely the creation
personal expression, cannot be the same as a
dramatic standard, which will apply to all the story from the common place of an ordinary trial
and surrounds it with the atmosphere of poetry.
other persons represented by the poet as speak. We do not forget that the intellectually conceived
ing. The utmost that we can require of char-
acters dramatically conceived in poetry is that purpose of the poem, as expressed at the outset,
they shall be so far removed from the common-
was to furnish an object lesson on how the poet
place as never to suggest it or reflect it. That by a mysterious alchemy makes poetry out of
the raw material of fact, as well as to show how
is, they must be conceived with ideal skill and
difficult is the course of Truth in the world,
speak and act with ideal propriety. They need
though she will ultimately come to her own and
not, nay, they cannot, always exhibit a non-
normal state of mind; it is enough if they
triumph. That is all very true; but the poet, as
exhibit this high poetic feeling when the dra-
it were, forgets all about this purpose, so that
matic situation demands it. Nobody expects
in the last chapter, "The Book and the Ring,
poetry in the narrowest sense from the Roman
we have only leave-takings, last echoes of the
citizens who present their views of the tragedy ; ) then at the end the words, didactic indeed but
trial, the execution, the lawyers' complaints; and
or from the lawyers, who provide a kind of
comic relief. But we do expect the protagonists,
emotionally phrased, about the mission of art-
the persons vitally concerned in this dark trag-
“ Art may tell a truth
Obliquely, do the thing shall breed the thought,
edy, to speak and act at climactic points as
Nor wrong the thought, missing the mediate word.
becomes denizens of the world of poetry. Let us So may you paint your picture, twice show truth,
see how Browning manages this. At his exam Beyond mere imagery on the wall,-
ination, speaking of the flight, Caponsacchi is
So, note by note, bring music from your mind,
Deeper than ever the Andante dived,-
reported in “the Old Yellow Book” to have said:
So write a book shall mean beyond the facts,
“ Accordingly, at about one o'clock in the morning, Suffice the eye and save the soul beside.”
she came alone to the said gate. We entered the car
and turned along outside of the city wall to go to the
We should be inclined, then, to say that the
gate of San Spirito, which is in the direction of Perugia.” | prevailing impression made by “ The Ring and


1912.]
467
THE DIAL
“It was na sae ye glinted by"
99
the Book” is poetical. The intellectual process ties seems to be through coöperative work. Of
has been lost to sight in the artistic transforma coöperative histories we have two chief types :
tion of the characters as dramatically conceived one, in which each contributor deals with a
and presented.
period of some extent, one that can be conven-
The poets whom Mr. Jack discusses and the iently treated in a single volume; and another
varieties of poetic activity they respectively rep- composed of a series of brief monographs, each
resent, are Gray (social or prose poetry), Burns making a chapter or part of a chapter in a
(natural or spontaneous poetry), Wordsworth volume of related studies. The latter type is
(basic or elemental poetry), Byron (oratorical best illustrated by “The Cambridge Modern
poetry), Emerson (didactic poetry), Arnold (crit- History,” a massive work of twelve bulky vol-
ical or reflective poetry), and Meredith (intel umes that has just seen completion.
lectual poetry). It will be noted that epic and The Cambridge plan has been severely criti-
dramatic poetry have no place in the list; it is cized as one that sacrifices unity and continuity
with lyric poetry that Mr. Jack is in the main of style and narrative in order to secure the
concerned. We shall not quarrel further with last conclusion and the most recent view of the
our critic, for with most of what he says we are specialist. But the Cambridge historians still
in hearty accord.* He has a fine and accurate have faith in the correctness and practicability
critical sense. We would call special attention of Lord Acton's ideas. A “Cambridge History
to his remarks on Burns's love poetry (pp. 81-5); of English Literature” has recently been pre-
his subtle analysis of the “ Ode on Immortality pared according to the Cambridge plan. And
(pp. 110–16); and his close examination of the now we have the initial volume of a new venture,
style of Meredith (pp. 205ff.). In short, he has “ The Cambridge Medieval History.”
produced an illuminating and suggestive study It was eminently proper that this work should
of poetry, which no student can afford to ignore. be planned by Lord Acton's successor in the
CLARK S. NORTHUP. Regius professorship, Professor J. B. Bury. It
is also appropriate that the writing of a history
* Just what is “ungrammatical” in the line quoted from
Burns,
that must necessarily give particular attention to
the mediaval church should be done under the
(p. 79), we cannot make out. To us the line makes perfect
grammatical sense.
supervision of scholars who have positive church
interests: the first volume has been edited by
the church historian, Dr. H. M. Gwatkin, and
A COÖPERATIVE HISTORY OF THE
by the Rev. J. P. Whitney. The work begins
MIDDLE AGES. *
with the reign of Constantine, and the first vol-
It is now nearly a century since Leopold von
ume covers roughly two centuries, the fourth
Ranke began his wonderful career as student of
and the fifth. Eight volumes will complete the
history and master workman in the little guild bridge University will have given us a continuous
work. When the last chapter is written, Cam-
of historical investigators. Since that day the
advance of historical science has been almost
narrative of the world's history since the decline
of Rome-sixteen centuries of decline and pro-
marvellous. Ranke's work furnished not only
inspiration but standards and methods. The
gress — in twenty large and carefully written
influence of the German ideals is clearly seen
volumes. With all its shortcomings, the series
in the vast collections of documentary materials
is a most notable undertaking; it will be many
and the innumerable monographs on themes, years before the student of the past can afford
both great and trifling, that have been pub-
to neglect the Cambridge histories.
lished during the past two generations.
It is an essential part of the Cambridge plan
to find and enlist the services of the most eminent
These activities have also compelled a change specialists, not only in England but elsewhere.
in the method of writing histories of the general Whether all the writers who have contributed to
type. The task that Edward Gibbon undertook
would to-day seem almost impossible. Histo-
the present volume belong to this class may well
be doubted; but no fault can be found with the
rians who write extended works find themselves
choice of contributors in most instances. The
revising the first volume before the second is
finished. The only way out of present difficul chapters on Constantine and Arianism are from
the
pen
of Professor Gwatkin. For an account
*THE CAMBRIDGE MEDIEVAL HISTORY. Planned by of the Asiatic background of the Hunnish and
J. B. Bury, M.A. Edited by H, M. Gwatkin, M.A., and
J. P. Whitney, D.D. Volume I. New York: The Mac-
other Mongol invasions, the editors have gone to
Dr. T. Peisker of Graz. An Irish abbot, Dom
millan Co.


468
[June 16,
THE DIAL
E. C. Butler, writes on monasticism. Professor ple. Recent scholars have rejected this hypoth-
Paul Vinogradoff, the economic historian, sums esis, some even going so far as to doubt the
up the social situation in the fourth century. existence of any such race. But Dr. Bang, who
Other contributors who have acquired more than writes the chapter on “The Expansion of the Teu-
local fame are Professor F. J. Haverfield of tons," holds with the archæologists of the North
Oxford, Professor M. Dumoulin of Paris, and that the Indo-European race is not a fiction, but
Dr. M. Manitius of Dresden.
that its origin was European not Asiatic.
The editors inform us that the work follows “The earliest home of the Teutons was in the coun-
the general lines of Lord Acton's plan, “but tries surrounding the western extremity of the Baltic
with a few improvements of detail suggested by Sea, comprising what is now the south of Sweden,
Jutland with Schleswig-Holstein, the German Baltic
experience.” What these improvements are the
coast to about the Oder, and the islands with which the
reviewer has not been able to determine. In all
sea is studded as far as Gothland. This, not Asia, is
the externals of print, binding, arrangement of the region which, with a certain extension south, as far,
materials, etc., this volume bears a close resem-
say, as the great mountain chain of central Germany,
blance to those of the Modern History. In its
may be described as the cradle of the Indo-Germanic
race. According to all appearance, this was the centre
treatment of events it is more philosophic than
from which it impelled its successive waves of population
the earlier work, one of whose chief defects lies towards the west, south, and southeast, to take possession,
in a failure to subordinate minor details. The in the end, of all Europe and even of a part of Asia.”
present volume has more discussion and fewer This expansion of the race seems to have been
details. But this is not necessarily due to a completed by 1500 B.C. A fragment remained
conscious effort on the part of the writers: the behind in the original home, where it developed
nature of the sources and the poverty of the doc into the
group
of tribes and nations that we call
uments are such that a highly detailed account the Teutons or Germans, whose migrations in
becomes impossible.
the fourth and fifth centuries overwhelmed the
It seems, however, that a conscious attempt ancient world.
has been made not merely to chronicle passing But what Asia loses in Dr. Bang's chapter it
events, but also to discuss somewhat fully the regains to some extent in a later discussion. Dr.
social, institutional, and intellectual aspects of Peisker emphasizes the Mongolian element in the
the
age.
This
purpose appears in such chapters European peoples, an element which he finds all
as those on the reorganization of the empire; through eastern and southeastern Europe: "the
the organization of the church; monasticism ; Mongol type of features extends westwards to
social and economic conditions ; thoughts and Bavaria and Württemberg." The Roumanians
ideas of the period; and early Christian art. need no longer boast of Roman descent; like the
Dr. Peisker's chapter on the nomadic life of the Huns and Bulgarians, they are of Asiatic origin,
steppes can scarcely be called history at all; descendants of nomads from the steppes. The
nevertheless, it is an exceedingly suggestive and same the author holds to be true of several other
informing discussion, and adds much to the European peoples whom we usually do not think
value of the work.
of as of Turanian stock. If Dr. Peisker is cor-
A volume of this sort, embodying as it does rect, more than half of the population of Europe
the views of twenty historians, can in the nature must have descended from Asiatic fathers and
of things have no single view-point. But differ- European mothers.
ing view-points need not necessarily be contra “ And like the peasantry among which they wintered
dictory or hostile. It must be said that, on the (and winter) long enough, they became (and become)
whole, the editors have succeeded remarkably
after a transitory bilingualism, Greeks, Albanians, Ser-
well in fitting the chapters and parts of chapters Slovenes, Croatians, seeing that they appeared there
vians, Bulgarians, Ruthenians, Poles, Slovaks, Chekhs,
together in such a way as to avoid a too evident
not as a compact body, but as a mobile nomad stratum
clash of opinions. In a brief review it is not among a strange-tongued and more numerous peasant
possible to indicate the divergent views or the element, and not till later did they take to agriculture
and themselves become settled.”
new views that
be found in a text of more
may
than six hundred large pages; the reviewer
It has long been realized that purity of race
therefore wishes to limit himself to a brief state-
is a mere fiction; but as to the various ingredi-
ment of the opinions advanced by Dr. Martin
ents in the different racial mixtures, there is no
Bang and Dr. Peisker as to racial origins.
general agreement. To the settlement of these
A generation ago it was held that the Indo-
it was held that the Indo- problems, the present volume appears to have
European race originated somewhere in Central brought an important contribution.
Asia and came into Europe as an invading peo-
LAURENCE M. LARSON.


1912.]
469
THE DIAL
SOME RECENT DRAMAS.*
Pigeon,” also produced at the Little Theatre, two
strictures may be made: first, that it has no plot in
Mr. Zangwill's "The War God,” quite aside from the conventional sense; and second, that it proves
its significance as a document in the movement for nothing,—that it has no proposition, in the argot of
Peace, is a vigorous and well-wrought drama, dar- dramaturgy. But Mr. Galsworthy is a social student;
ingly using verse form for a play realistic in setting and with the most sympathetic characterization,
and detail, and by no means failing in the literary happy dialogue, and atmospheric visualization, he has
aspect of the work. At times the writer drops below here shown us the dangers in two opposing methods
the level demanded of blank verse, and he indulges of charity: the impulsive kind-hearted personal sort,
in an irritating and entirely unnecessary clipping of represented by the painter who is the gull of the
words; but, broadly speaking, the literary technique piece, and the organized philanthropy which leaves
is adequate, while there can be no question as to the the heart cold. Just as in “Strife,” the author states
dramatic values or noble largeness of the theme. Mr. the case, and lets us make the inference; nor does
Zangwill is working with increasing effectiveness in he ever forget that a play is an entertainment.
the dramatic form.
Certainly the waifs and strays of his latest drama
It is worth noting that Mr. Kennedy's new and furnish this latter quality in abundance.
striking piece, “The Terrible Meek,” is a variant of Mr. Percy MacKaye continues to add to an al-
the same subject: he cries up the coming of Peace, ready large and varied list of plays, increasing with
even as does Mr. Zangwill. Much silly and mislead each new volume one's sense of his resources.
ing criticism has been directed against this drama, “To-Morrow” shows him in sympathy with such
since its production at the Little Theatre in New dramatic thinkers as Ibsen and Brieux in their social
York. The reader discovers that here is a one-act biologics. It is an interesting essay in eugenics; and
play very novel in method and design, played for also, to our mind, an interesting play. Why should
forty minutes in darkness, but showing plainly in its not the daughter of a scientist father be so educated
dialogue how certain soldiers are turned away from as to regard clean blood in her suitor as important as
their profession by the words of a poor mother bewail blue eyes? Her decision is justified, and a final scene
ing the execution of her son. Her meekness, and of real power finds her aligned with the right man.
that of her child, is terrible in its non-resistance. Mr. MacKaye does not consider it necessary to be
The final clearing-away of the mists to reveal, not “unhappy” at the end, in order to drive his lesson
modern England, but Palestine, with the three figures home.
on the cross, is simply making visual the allegory, The same author's group of one-act plays, “Yankee
and none but the philistine could take it otherwise. Fantasies,” reminds us how steadily this promising
The play is a beautiful, impressive, and altogether dramatic form is gaining. It should become thor-
legitimate work.
oughly domesticated, for it offers opportunities of
Upon Mr.John Galsworthy's delightful play,“The broad brush-work superior to the longer play, and
* THE WAR GOD. By Israel Zangwill. New York: The
often brings us back to the essentials of drama,
Macmillan Co.
stripped of all padding. The work in this volume
THE TERRIBLE MEEK. By Charles Rann Kennedy, New might be described as the poetic and imaginative
York: Harper & Brothers.
handling of homely realistic material; and in such
THE PIGEON. By John Galsworthy. New York: Charles
examples as “Sam Average” and “The Cat Boat”
Scribner's Sons.
TO-MORROW. By Percy MacKaye. New York: Frederick
the result is convincing. In a piece like “Chuck”
A. Stokes Co.
the symbolism may possibly overlie the dramatic
YANKEE FANTASIES. By Percy MacKaye. New York: texture too thickly; but Mr. MacKaye's idealism is
Duffield & Co.
refreshing in contrast with the frequent sordid insist-
COUNTESS JULIA (Fröken Julie). By August Strindberg. ence upon the other extreme. An unobtrusive note
Translated by Charles Recht. Philadelphia : Brown Brothers.
of patriotism breathes through the entire book, and
POLITE FARCES. By Arnold Bennett. New York: George
H. Doran Co.
the atmosphere is richly and enjoyably that of New
Two PLAYS BY TCHEKHOF. Translated, with Introduc-| England.
tion and Notes, by George Calderon. New York: Mitchell Popular interest in the work of Strindberg will
Kennerley.
be quickened by his death, especially as many of his
The Man Who Was DEAD. By Leo Tolstoy. Edited by
plays are now being brought out in America. The
Dr. H. Wright. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co.
latest addition is a fairly good English version of his
THE LIVING CORPSE. By Leo Tolstoy. Translated by
Mrs. J. M. Evarts. Philadelphia : Brown Brothers.
"Fröken Julie,” described by the author as “a nat-
THE LIGHT THAT SHINES IN DARKNESS. By Leo Tolstoy.
uralistic tragedy.” It is a brutal study of opposed
Edited by Dr. H. Wright. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co.types; and of the two persons, the aristocratic woman
THE GREY STOCKING, and Other Plays. By Maurice and the valet to whom she stoops, it were hard to
Baring. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co.
say which is the more repellant. So far as such a
THE WATERS OF BITTERNESS, and The Clodhopper. By
S. M. Fox. New York : Duffield & Co.
work has any use or meaning, it would appear to be
MASTER FLACHSMANN (Flachsmann als Erzieher). By
an exposure of the worst features of both and
upper
Otto Ernst. Translated by H. M. Beatty. New York: lower classes, done with the grim, uncompromising
Duffield & Co.
realism for which Strindberg is famous, Yet one


470
[June 16,
THE DIAL
can but sigh that so much power should be expended in that it seems to have some autobiographic signifi-
upon such a result. One has a right to challenge this cance. In the opinion of some, at least, the tragedy
kind of literature with the inevitable Cui bono? which darkened the great writer's last days, his fol-
From Strindberg's "Fröken Julie” to Mr. Arnold lowing of the dictates of conscience and so separating
Bennett’s “Polite Farces” is a change indeed! himself from his home and dear ones, is reproduced
These light, clever, keen one-act sketches are built in a veiled way in this drama, which portrays a man
for parlor dimensions; and while not an important who clashes with family and friends because he holds
part of Mr. Bennett's product, they serve their pur the Tolstoyian doctrine of non-resistance, poverty,
pose of intelligent amusement. The best of the three and brotherly love. It is incomplete, the fifth act
is “The Stepmother,” but “ A Good Woman" is full being merely sketched out; but even in its present
of fun and skilfully handled. “A Question of Sex” form it is a deeply moving piece of literature, with a
seems less successful because of the assumed condi direct simplicity and earnestness far more effective
tions. Given the drawing-room environment, all of than any stage tricks could make it.
them should go well, and they certainly are pleasant Decidedly able work is to be found in the volume
to read.
of three plays by Mr. Maurice Baring, whose literary
Tchekhof ranks among the leaders of latter-day labor has of late been many-sided. All these plays
Russian fiction and drama, and the appearance of have the merit of naturalness of character-sketching
two of his representative plays in a capital transla and dialogue; and if the motives be comparatively
tion is therefore welcome. After their perusal, tenuous, much is made of them. The additional
however, one is tempted to doubt the Russian gift merit of variety, too, is possessed by the author.
for play-making. The dramas of Tolstoy, Gorky, “The Grey Stocking” is an Ibsenesque piece, with
Andrev, and Tchekhof have a hundred virtues ; but the quiet tone which brings out well a tense situation,
that particular virtue which consists of so telling a sad and logical as life itself. "The Green Elephant,"
story in dramatic form as to lead up to an essential in vivid contrast, is melodrama, of the same genre
and compelling climax, the Slav cannot boast. Of as “The Thief.” And the third, “The Double
these two pieces of Tchekhof, “The Seagull” and Game,” is a picture of Russian revolutionary life
“The Cherry Orchard,” the former is the more with a tragic culmination, - an intimate revelation,
dramatic, and is unquestionably interesting for its one feels, based upon real knowledge.
character study; but it is a visualized narrative of Mr. S. M. Fox is an English dramatist hitherto
love at cross purposes rather than a drama. As for unknown to most of us; but he deserves serious
the second, the reader is fairly dazed as the dra consideration. For a clever seizing of contemporary
matis persona drifts off and on, and he
grasps
like moods, keen and witty dialogue, and the right set-
a drowning man for a straw at the incident of the ting of character in scene, his work is capital. “The
sale of an orchard, whereby is revealed the tendency Waters of Bitterness" is a poignant bit of psychology
of upper-class folk in the land of the Czar to talk possessed of real pathos and power; while “The
eternally and never act. Even the informing Intro- Clodhopper” is delicious fun in the way of a satire
duction by the translator, Mr. George Calderon, on the latter-day mannish woman. Mr. Fox is a
cannot convince us that "atmosphere dialogue” is a frank partisan, but both sides should succumb to his
substitute for "action dialogue."
gay humor. At its best, his dialogue rivals that of
Two versions appear almost simultaneously of Oscar Wilde. “The Waters of Bitterness" has been
Tolstoy's striking posthumous play,” “The Living produced by the English Stage Society.
Corpse,” which has aroused considerable discussion A well-known latter-day German dramatist is
abroad, and has been played in several countries. Otto Ernst; and “ Master Flachsmann,” now trans-
The idea of an unworthy husband allowing his wife lated by Mr. H. M. Beatty, is one of his best pieces.
to think him dead so that she may secure a divorce Even if it were not an excellent satiric comedy,
and
marry another, is an excellent one for dramatic clean in construction, keen in characterization, and
purposes, and a dramatist such as M. Bernstein would life-like in dialogue, it would still be a valuable
have made it thrilling. But in the hands of the great educational document, for it gives in vivid contrast
Russian it is a fine theme told in narrative rather the ideals of the old and new pedagogic dispensation.
than dramatic fashion. Valuable as it is for its knowl The picture of the old-time narrow pedant bully is
edge of the types, and arresting as it is in individual as laugh-provoking as that of Dickens's Gradgrind,
scenes, judged as structure, growth, and climax it is and as true. His overthrow by Flemming, a sym-
emphatically material mishandled. Printed with pathetic portrait of a genuine teacher and educa-
one of the versions is a one-act sketch called “The tional idealist, makes fine comedy,—the sort that
Cause of It All,” which is open to the same criticism, obeys Meredith by leaving a thoughtful smile on
modified because less of drama is needed; as a study the reader's face. The translation is very accurate,
of poverty and a screed on temperance, it serves its erring, indeed, a little on the side of literality.
purpose, and has ethical significance.
“My God” is not the true English equivalent of
Still another posthumous play by Tolstoy is “The Mein Gott, nor can the Du of endearment be lifted
Light That Shines in Darkness.” This has a special bodily into our tongue.
interest, quite aside from any artistic consideration,
RICHARD BURTON.
..


1912.]
471
THE DIAL
truth in his volume difficult to be found in books
BRIEFS ON NEW BOOKS.
written from the Northern standpoint. But no one
The greatest
“We in England are apt to cling so who has gone to the bottom of the slavery question
of Russian blindly to half-truths that we con can believe that the great struggle which culminated
realists.
sider the statement of the other half. with the Civil War would have been obviated if the
truths a mere joke, which may or may not be fates had in some way turned the attention of the
amusing.” So observes Mr. J. A. T. Lloyd in his individual William Lloyd Garrison in some other
volume on “A Great Russian Realist: Feodor direction. In asserting that in Garrison's view the
Dostoieffsky” (Lane); and his book is a sternly ear most humane slave-holders were wicked monsters
nest effort to bring the "self-contented spirit of the and fiends, the author shows himself not quite suffi-
West” to some conception of the winner pain of ciently well acquainted with Garrison's own words.
Russia.” All of us who have come into personal Garrison's hatred was for the sin of slavery, not for
contact with Russians, and have looked with amaze the slave-holder personally. Mr. Herbert of course
ment into depths and vistas of which the Germanic believes that the more or less outspoken opposition
peoples and the Latins alike are utterly devoid, will to slavery which existed in the South itself would
follow Mr. Lloyd's effort sympathetically, - even have resulted finally in emancipation, if the North
though it is evident from the beginning that this had only consented to keep still and leave the matter
fervent Russophile, being himself an Anglo-Saxon, exclusively to the states in which the system existed.
is almost as helpless as a man without eyes trying But to assume the possibility of such a development
to describe the sun to his blind fellow-men. The from slavery to freedom is to assume conditions
most successful parts of the book are citations of which simply did not exist. With human passions
certain lurid and haunting pages which will certainly what they are, the time when a peaceful path to
grip all readers not already familiar with Dostoieff- emancipation was still open had passed years before
sky, and will impel them to seek first-hand informa Garrison founded “The Liberator"and organized the
tion about his works, which are available in translation New Abolitionists in 1831. And upon no one man
although they have been very little read in this coun. of earlier date, any more than upon Garrison, can
try. To Mr. Lloyd the Russian novel is the greatest the whole of the burden be placed. — Another study
of all, and he ranks Dostoieffsky as the greatest, or of the anti-slavery conflict, though from a different
at least the most typical, of Russian novelists. His point of view, is “The Battle of Principles” (Revell),
reasons for these judgments are at least deserving of by Dr. Newell Dwight Hillis, of the Plymouth
respectful consideration. If the best fiction is that Church in Brooklyn. “Our national peril is Mam-
which approaches the most sympathetically and monism, and the sordid pursuit of gold,” says the
faithfully to the life of the emotions, neither the author. “Our fathers came hither in pursuit of God
close-mouthed Englishman nor the super-educated and liberty, — not gold and territory.” To draw
Frenchman nor the docile and cautious German has the attention of our youth to the fundamental prin-
produced anything worthy to rank with the works of ciples of freedom and right, then, is the duty of the
this infinitely pitiful and infinitely curious, absolutely hour; and to this end he describes the struggle for
spontaneous, shameless, unassuming combination of the abolition of slavery, grouping his facts and ideas
dreamer and unsparing realist, Feodor Dostoieffsky. mostly about prominent characters in the conflict,
His life, as poignant, as terrible, as chaotic, and as such as Webster and Calhoun, Garrison, Phillips,
astonishing as the strangest of his books, ended Sumner, Greeley, Mrs. Stowe, John Brown, Lincoln,
thirty years ago. At the time of his death, his name Douglas, and Beecher. The person who has read
was almost unknown in this country. Now special much in this field will find little that is new in Dr.
students of Russian literature are writing books about Hillis's volume; but the story is told in attractive
him; perhaps in a few years more he will receive form, and will perhaps carry its lesson to many who'
from the reading public a small share, at least, of the will not take time for the more extensive reading
attention he deserves as the most Russian of all great from which those of us who are older gathered it.
Russian novelists. For the Russian is swayed by his
emotions, and to quote Mr. Lloyd again : “Turgenev
“Miss John Bull” is the title of the
The charm of
had caught as an artist the want of the vast silent
English women American edition of Mr. Yoshio Mar-
country; Tolstoy had reasoned upon it, and explained
in Japanese eyes. kino's amusing sketches, collected
it; but the want was in the heart of Dostoieffsky.”
from “The English Review,” where they bore the
name chosen by the author himself, “My Idealed
New studies of
Mr. Hilary A. Herbert, ex-Secretary John Bullesses,” which also is the title of the book
the anti-slavery of the Navy, has written a volume in its English edition. Six excellent colored plates
conflict.
on “The Abolition Crusade and Its from the artist author's brush are added to the pen-
Consequences” (Scribner), the main thesis of which and-ink drawings that accompanied the magazine
is that responsibility for the tragedy connected with articles, and the work is published in this country by
the ending of slavery in this country is to be traced the Houghton Mifflin Co. This transplanted Oriental
directly to the organization of the Abolition Move- is frankly and innocently infatuated with the beauty,
ment, by William Lloyd Garrison, in 1831. Mr. so unlike that of his own country women, of the fresh-
Herbert writes in good temper, and there is much complexioned, rosy-cheeked, bright-eyed, and often


472
[June 16,
THE DIAL
golden-haired “John Bullesses," and he bubbles most important years in the making of an artist.”
over, in the oddest, most amusing, most picturesquely In his occasional pregnant utterances on Mr. Lavery's
expressive idiom, in praise of her charms. Viewing points of strength and weakness, not a few are of
her at a new angle and with far-eastern preposses- larger application, as,-
larger application, as,—"It is impossible to be great
sions, he startles and delights the reader with many in portraiture if you plod to excel yourself, because
fresh and highly original and sometimes salutary greatness comes unbidden and out of the dark, like
comments on her character and ways. Here is a the dawn.” Mr. Lavery, it should be remembered,
pathetic bit from the chapter in which he writes of is an Irishman by birth, "and he and his work prosper
love: “During my fourteen years' stay in England in an Irish manner—as emigrants.” Twelve color
once, nay, twice, thrice, perhaps more, I fell into love plates, five “Rembrandtgravures,” and twenty collo-
with some John Bullesses. Unfortunately none of types do their best to give the reader some notion
them could love me. It was some years ago when of this artist's leading characteristics; and twenty-
the last one told me it was impossible for her to love two pages of preface, personal and reminiscent, are
me. I wrote in my diary thus:-“Alas, have I for. contributed by Mr. R. B. Cunninghame Graham.
gotten myself again? I was born as an artist and to
love the beauties. Therefore I am permitted to walk
American readers who are interested
into this flower garden. How charming are those
Queen Victoria's in the every-day life of court and
early life.
flowers! They are blossoming beautifully for me to
castle will derive much pleasure and
try my brush, but not for me to pick up.”” It is not
information from Clare Jerrold's “The Early Court
surprising to find the author championing the cause
of Queen Victoria” (Putnam). It is the author's
of the “suffragettes" in a chapter devoted to them. purpose “to show the young monarch as she really
Other chapters deal with the English woman's home was, surrounded by the somewhat cruel limitations
life, with her amusements and her social life, with
of her time—a girl frank, loving, truthful, and ad-
her services to him as teacher, with “broad-minded mirable in many ways, yet one in whom the seeds of
John Bullesses,” with the conditions that best bring
an undue pride had been planted and most earnestly
out the beauty and the liveliness of English women, fostered by those responsible," though on the whole
and so on. The colored pictures are worthy of the
a very lovable person. As such a work must neces-
gifted artist, and are well reproduced; and the draw. sarily deal largely with influences within the family,
ings are suggestive and amusing —sometimes unusu considerable attention is given to Victoria's relatives,
ally spirited and graceful.
the children and grandchildren of George III. It is
not possible to write of these scions of royalty with-
The rise of a
In his sumptuous volume on “John out telling unpleasing tales; but as far as possible the
noted Irish Lavery and his Work” (Estes) Mr. author avoids all forms of scandal. The extraordi-
portrait painter. Walter Shaw-Sparrow explains that, nary care that the Duchess of Kent showed in bring-
as in his similar work on Frank Brangwyn one of ing up the future Queen, and which has been praised
last year's most attractive and excellent of artist biog-
so highly by uncritical writers, is shown in a new
raphies — “an appeal is made to those who believe light: the author has little sympathy for such mater-
that every generation ought to protect its own good nal care as allows no opportunity for unaided growth.
genius. Reverence for the Old Masters has dangers “From the day of her birth to her accession she
of its own; if carried too far, it hinders current effort [Victoria] had scarcely been alone for ten minutes
by nourishing an excessive awe of tradition and au at a time!” Some account is also given of the polit-
thority.” Mr. Lavery, still in the vigor of his best ical influences that controlled the earlier years of the
years, has won such repute as a portrait-painter that reign. The work closes with the Queen's marriage;
the King and Queen of England have commissioned the concluding chapter deals with Queen Victoria's
him to paint their portraits, and he is one of the home and the difficulties encountered in organizing
comparatively few artists who have been invited to
the new establishment and in the efforts to free it
present their own likenesses, the product of their from annoying interferences. The work is provided
own skill, to the Uffizi Gallery. The story of young with a number of excellent contemporary portraits,
Lavery's struggles with adversity and rise to pros- including two of the young Queen. While much of
perity — by the way of a Glasgow photographer's the material included is of slight importance, the vol-
studio, where he tinted photographs, a Paris art ume shows careful and judicious research, and makes
school, where he had to unlearn much that he had
an acceptable addition to the growing literature about
already acquired, and sketching travels through the great Queen.
various foreign countries — makes good reading as
narrated by his always-sympathetic biographer. It
One of the new volumes in Messrs.
is, of course, these formative years that are most peoples and Holt's “Home University Library"
important in tracing the development of genius or
its problems. bears the title “Peoples and Prob-
character, of whatever sort; and Mr. Shaw-Sparrow lems of India,” and comes from the pen of Sir T. W.
takes pains to remind his readers, in so many words, Holderness, K.C.S.I. The distinguished author has
that he is "studying a painter's career as it ought served the Indian government for many years in
to be studied in a book, from within the changing various capacities, and needless to say is well quali-
atmosphere of its early years, which are always the fied for his present task. But it must be questioned
India: Its


1912.]
473
THE DIAL
New light on
ern.
whether such a comprehensive subject can be treated French, Spanish, and American agents to their gov-
satisfactorily within the limits prescribed by the planernments, covering the period of 1785 to 1803 very
of the series. Frankly, we remain rather doubtful: closely; and, after the American occupation, the
we cannot quite escape the impression that might correspondence between such men as Claiborne and
arise from seeing an elephant driven to a trotting Wilkinson sheds much new light on the problems of
sulky. But we must hasten to add that the book the West to the time of the Aaron Burr Conspiracy.
seems as good as it can be under the conditions. In One of the most interesting of the papers of these later
fact, it is the best small treatise we know dealing with years is that of Vicente Folch, Governor of Florida,
the range of subjects fairly indicated by the general dated 1804 (?), describing the marvellous changes
title; and on that ground it can be cordially recom in the Mississippi valley after the penetration of the
mended. The ten chapters, bearing such captions Americans into that region about the middle of the
as “The People,” The Caste System,” “Economic eighteenth century. The settlement of Kentucky
Life,” “The Native States,” etc., are concise and by the Virginians was the beginning of great things
trustworthy presentations in simple form of their in the West, according to Folch. The sources of the
respective themes. One must regret that the appear- documents contained in these volumes are the Span-
ance of the volume did not happen to be postponedish, French, and Cuban archives, and the collections
until after the surprising announcements at the in Washington, New Orleans, and other cities of
Delhi durbar, even if these did not involve any the United States. With the constant appearance of
radical change in policy except with reference to the such works as this, the history of the United States
capital and the partition of Bengal. However, the
However, the promises soon to be so well documented” that the
reader will easily fit these new details to the general rôle of the historian is likely to become most unen-
idea that he will have gathered from the author's viable.
presentation. There are some indications that the
author's “copy" was turned off at rather high speed,
A contributor to a recent issue of
although on the whole one reads along pleasurably
THE DIAL referred to Mrs. Nina H.
Lafcadio H
enough. The bibliography is up to the laudable
Kennard's book on Lafcadio Hearn
standard set for the series; but it is impossible to (Appleton) as “in many ways the most comprehen-
acquiesce in the omission of a map from such a
sive” account of that master of English prose. The
volume, which is expressly intended for a public book is an excellent one in its way, though it would
without special knowledge of India. Even those of
Even those of have gained much by more systematic planning and
us who feel fairly familiar with the geography of
more efficient condensation. Its faults, apart from
that “gigantic triangle" would not be ungrateful for those just suggested, are on the surface, — notably
such simple aid, while for others it would seem in carelessness in proofreading (which is responsible for
dispensable.
numerous slips of no great inherent consequence),
and a want of distinction in style. Mrs. Kennard has
New source Mr. James Alexander Robertson's appreciation for the subject of her biography, though
two-volume work, “Louisiana under
she is not critic enough adequately to trace the evolu-
history. the Rule of Spain, France, and the tion of a great stylist out of one who had, as she her-
United States, 1785–1807” (A. H. Clark Co.), self has written, his "orchid and cockatoo” phase.
contains five hundred pages of original unpublished Incidentally, she scarcely does justice to his earlier
documents bearing on the twenty-five years of turbu work, denying as she does any artistic merit to
lent history of the lower Mississippi region following “Chita”- one of the overloaded, albeit brief, ro-
the close of the American Revolution. It contains, mances of his New Orleans period. Mrs. Kennard's
also, an abundance of explanatory notes and a good book supplements what Mrs. Wetmore and other
index. The work was worth doing, and it has been Americans have told us of Hearn's life, and succeeds
done well by both the author and the publishers. in establishing the falsity of some of the Hearn
The most valuable of these documents is the long “legend." The new biographer has the advantage
epistolary account of conditions in Louisiana written
of knowing Hearn's Irish kin, and of having read
by Paul Alliot after his expulsion from New Orleans his letters to Mrs. Atkinson, his half-sister. Portions
in March, 1803. Alliot was a physician, a keen ob-
of this correspondence are, indeed, introduced. The
server, and (if his own story be allowed in evidence) reader of Mrs. Kennard's memoir will learn more of
an able man with statesmanlike views. His narrative
Hearn's early life in Ireland, and at school with the
treats of all phases of Louisiana life and conditions, Jesuit fathers in England, than he could previously
and it is rightly given the place of honor in these have known. Who, for instance, was aware until now
volumes. The publication of the original French that Hearn's brother is still living, and in America ?
text on alternate pages with a good English transla-
tion is to be commended, while the notes bearing
Writers of scientific handbooks aim
upon this document give valuable information about
A compendium
to adjust the needs of students and
of psychology.
the city of New Orleans, the various industries of the
readers to their own purposes and
territory at the time of its purchase by the United the demands of science. Between the rigid text and
States, and the social and intellectual life. In the the avowed popularization is the compendium that
second volume there are letters of the English, reflects the state of knowledge in orderly fashion,
material in
American


474
[June 16,
THE DIAL
makes its appeal to the reader, and gives opportunity down to something like the old dimensions, although
for the interpretative skill of the writer. An unusu nearly 19,000 biographies are now given, and there
ally successful example of this sort of work is Profes are nearly 2,700 pages in the book. The useful Geo-
sor Ladd's “ Elements of Physiological Psychology"
graphical Index is retained.
(Scribner) as now very substantially rewritten and
“The Ben Greet Shakespeare for Young Readers and
revised by Professor Woodworth. The proportion plays in a form suitable for the amateur stage, with dia,
Amateur Players” (Doubleday) is a presentation of the
of parts, the data, the expositions are all so decidedly
altered as to constitute a new book,
grams and minute directions both for the business"
,--as indeed it must
and the understanding of the text. It is an admirable
be to be useful. One may even question whether
undertaking, and should find a hearty welcome. The
the revision could not have gone still further to ad volumes now published are “ The Merchant of Venice,"
vantage. Considerable space is given to the descrip “ As You Like It," “ A Midsummer Night's Dream,"
tion of the structure and functions of the nervous and “The Tempest.”
system; it is important that this should be available The Eighth Annual Report of the Virginia State Li-
in the new formulation for students of psychology, brary is an unusually full and interesting volume, run-
and the task is here most ably accomplished. Chap ning indeed to more than five hundred pages, the greater
ter by chapter the new is skilfully incorporated with
part of which is occupied with a “List of the Revolu-
the old, only occasionally revealing the seams too
tionary Soldiers of Virginia”-a partial list, necessarily,
but much nearer completeness than any previous one.
conspicuously. Upon its general merits the book at
It is sadly significant to note, among the serious diffi-
once assumes a commandingly useful place for the
culties encountered by the compiler (Mr. H. J. Ecken-
student or reader who is serious in his purpose to rode, Archivist), the incomprehensible refusal of the
survey the available data of psychology.
War Department at Washington, or of its archivist, to
permit the copying of its rolls. But Mr. Eckenrode has
Born in Oregon sixty-one years ago,
Oregon in the
succeeded in obtaining the names of between thirty-five
making, by one and living there all his life, ac and thirty-six thousand Virginia soldiers of our War of
of the makers.
quainted with all parts of the Beaver Independence.
State by reason of his many campaigns of public
Most of the ambitious books dealing with India nat-
speaking and electioneering, mingling freely and
urally omit details about “native building, occupations,
genially with his fellow-Oregonians of every calling
mode of farming, daily life, productions, methods of
mission work, obstacles, and so forth." Yet these are
and degree, and holding for four years the governor-
ship of the State after a considerable experience in
just the things an average American might ask a friend
to write about in his letters from that picturesque pen-
political office of a less exalted nature, ex-Governor insula, and they form the subject matter of a little vol-
Geer is in a position to discourse most entertainingly ume entitled “India and Daily Life in Bengal," from
on the history and growth of that part of the great the pen of the Reverend Z. F. Griffin, and issued by the
Northwest which has been his lifelong home and American Baptist Publication Society. The work is un-
the scene of his various activities. “Fifty Years
pretentious, and is written with no concern about style;
in Oregon” (Neale) is a substantial volume, rich a
but, if it may be judged by its own standard, it really
deserves the success indicated by the appearance of the
in personal reminiscence, local history, illustrative
anecdote, and the vicissitudes of politics. The
third edition, for the author amply fulfills the modest
promises made in the preface. Mr. Griffin does not for-
decendant of a line of farmers from Connecticut by
get that he has been a missionary for fifteen years; but
way of Ohio and Illinois, and himself a farmer until
he does not obtrude this interest unduly. The text is
public life diverted his energies in other directions, vivified by thirty-eight illustrations, “mostly from the
Mr. Geer is master of a style marked by homely author's own negatives.”
directness and the employment of figures and illus Ohio occcupied an important and influential position
trations sure to be understood and enjoyed by those duriug the critical period of the Civil War, and as a
to whom his book will most strongly appeal. Four result a large amount of writing on the various questions
years of his later life have been given to the editor connecting the history of the state with the momentous
ship of a newspaper, the Pendleton “Daily Tribune,"
epoch has accumulated from year to year.
« The Civil
so that he brings to his book-writing the literary
War Literature of Ohio: A Bibliography with Explan-
skill acquired in journalism. Some striking views
atory and Historical Notes" (Cleveland: Burrows
Brothers Co.), compiled by Mr. Daniel J. Ryan, now
of Oregon scenery and a frontispiece portrait of the
makes this mass of literature available to librarians and
author embellish the volume.
students of history. The material here described
represents all types of writing on the subject, from Offi-
cial Documents and records of Army organizations to
BRIEFER MENTION.
miscellaneous works, including fiction, poetry, letters,
etc. All is arranged alphabetically by author, and,
“Who's Who in America” (Marquis) for 1912-13 following the annotation of the book or article (which is
has just been published, and the volume is the seventh frequently extended to a digest that gains in significance
biennial issue of that indispensable work of reference. when the item described represents a piece of work now
Despite the many gaps caused by death, and the system out of print) is a brief summary of the author's life.
which for many biographies refers readers to the The analytical index is serviceable. In scope, as well
previously-published volumes of the series, the work as in conciseness, this pioneer work might well serve as
expands rather portentously. Thin paper and close a model for other states that may have a similar task
economy of space in the typography keep the bulk to perform.


1912.]
475
THE DIAL
tries as well as the classification numbers, according to
the Library of Congress system. It is not yet known
to what extent it will be possible to place these cards at
the disposal of other libraries. In order to learn what
demand there may be for them it is proposed to try the
plan based on that recently adopted by Harvard College
Library, whereby complete sets of all cards printed will
be supplied at a nominal subscription price; or, where
individual cards are desired, dated proofsheets will be
supplied as rapidly as the type is set, and orders for
separate cards may be entered for a period of thirty
days after the date of each proofsheet. Full informa-
tion as to prices, etc., may be obtained from the Director
of the Libraries, University of Chicago.
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
[The following list, containing 89 titles, includes books
received by THE DIAL since its last issue.]
NOTES.
A collected edition of the poems of the late Mrs. Rosa-
mund Marriott-Watson will probably be issued during
the summer by John Lane Company.
A new novel by Mrs. Mary Austin, entitled “A
Woman of Genius," is announced for autumn publica-
tion by Messrs. Doubleday, Page & Co.
Mr. J. M. Barrie is said to have just completed a
delightful topsy-turvy version of “The Taming of the
Shrew,” which he has called “Shakespeare for Women.'
Mr. J. U. Higinbotham, author of "Three Weeks in
England” and “Three Weeks in Holland,” is now abroad
gathering material for a similar volume entitled “Three
Weeks in France."
Another of Frank Widekind's plays will be published
this month, in an English version, by Messrs. Brown
Brothers. “Such is Life" is its title, and Mr. Francis
J. Ziegler is the translator.
The new English copyright law, well indexed and
provided with marginal headings, is issued in pamphlet
form by the Copyright Office of the Library of Congress,
being Bulletin No. 16 of that office.
“Some English Story-Tellers" is the title of a volume
devoted to the younger English novelists, written by
Mr. Frederick Taber Cooper, which Messrs. Henry
Holt & Co. will publish in the autumn.
“ The Home Book of Verse," compiled by Mr. Burton
E. Stevenson, which Messrs. Holt have long had in active
preparation, is likely to appear early in the coming au-
tumn. It will be an octavo volume of about four thou-
sand pages, reduced to manageable proportions by the
use of India paper.
“ The American Occupation of the Philippines,” by
Mr. James H. Blount, Officer U. S. Volunteers in the
Philippines, 1899–1901, U. S. District Judge in the
Philippines, 1901–1905, will be issued this month by
Messrs. Putnam. The book is said to be a well-reasoned
argument for native self-government.
Mary Caroline Crawford, author of “Old Boston Days
and Ways” and “ Romantic Days in Old Boston,” is at
work on a book of wider scope for autumn. It will be
called “Romantic Days in the Early Republic,” and will
deal with New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washing-
ton, Richmond, and other Southern cities.
Mr. Oscar Browning's latest work, “ The History of
the Modern World,” will be published immediately by
Messrs. Cassell. In the two volumes of which the new
work consists, Professor Browning will give us a survey
of the political events of the last ninety-five years, more
than seventy of which have been passed during the
writer's lifetime.
Margaret E. Sangster, a well-known magazine writer
and editor, died on the 4th of this month. She was
born in 1838. Besides producing a large amount of
original verse, fiction, etc. (largely for younger readers),
Mrs. Sangster was for ten years editor of “ Harper's
Bazar,” and has held editorial connections with half
a dozen other periodicals.
In connection with the recataloguing and reclassifi-
cation of its collections the University of Chicago Li-
braries expect at an early date to begin printing on
cards a considerable number of titles for which no
printed cards can be obtained from the Library of
Congress or the John Crerar Library. The entries will
conform to the Library of Congress rules, author as well
as subject, and will include subject and other added en-
BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES.
My Friendship with Prince Hohenlohe. By Bar-
oness von Hedemann. Illustrated in photograv-
ure, etc,, 8vo, 201 pages. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
$2. net.
David Garrick, and his French Friends. By Frank
A. Hedgcock. Illustrated in photogravure, etc.,
8vo, 442 pages. Duffield & Co.
Anglo-American Memories. By George W. Smalley,
M.A. Second series; large 8vo, 418 pages. G. P.
Putnam's Sons. $2.50 net,
A Half Century among the Siamese and the Lao:
An Autobiography. By Daniel McGilvary, D.D.
Illustrated, 8vo, 435 pages. Fleming H. Revell
Co. $2. net.
Notable Men of Tennessee from 1833 to 1875: Their
Times and their contemporaries. By Oliver P.
Temple; compiled and arranged by his daugh-
ter, Mary B. Temple. With portrait, 8vo, 467
pages. New York: Cosmopolitan Press. $3 net.
Rambles with John Burroughs. By R. J. H. De
Loach. Illustrated, 12mo, 141 pages. Boston:
Richard G. Badger. $1.25 net.
An Encyclopedist of the Dark Ages: Isidore of
Seville. By Ernest Brehaut, Ph. D. 8vo, 274
pages. Columbia University Press. Paper, $2. net.
Edward Henry Harriman. By John Muir. 16 mo, 39
pages. Doubleday, Page & Co. (Issued for pre-
sentation purposes only.)
HISTORY
The English People Overseas. By A. Wyatt Tilby.
Comprising: The American Colonies, 1583-1763;
British India, 1600-1828; British North America,
1763-1867; Britain in the Tropics, 1527-1910.
12mo. Houghton Mifflin Co. Per volume, $1.50 net.
In Forbidden China: The D'Ollone Mission, 1906-
1909; China, Tibet, Mongolia. By Vicomte
D'Ollone; translated from the second French edi-
tion by Bernard Miall. Illustrated, large 8vo,
318 pages. Small, Maynard & Co. $3.50 net.
A Short History of Europe from the Fall of the
Eastern Empire to the Dissolution of the Holy
Roman Empire. By Charles Sanford Terry, M.A.
12mo, 318 pages. E. P. Dutton & Co. $1.25 net.
Diplomatic Negotiations of American Naval Officers,
1778-1883. By Charles Oscar Paullin. 12mo, 380
pages. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. $2.
Frontier Defense of the Upper Ohio, 1777-1778.
Edited by Reuben Gold Thwaites, LL.D., and
Louise Phelps Kellogg, Ph.D. Illustrated, 12mo,
329 pages.
"Draper Series." Madison: Wiscon-
sin Historical Society.
GENERAL LITERATURE
Studies in Frankness. By Charles Whibley. With
frontispiece, 12mo, 262 pages. E. P. Dutton &
Co.
$1.50 net.


476
[June 16,
THE DIAL
Co.
The Views of "Vanoc': An Englishman's Outlook.
By Arnold White, 12mo, 419 pages. E. P. Dut-
ton & Co. $1.50 net.
Children at Play, and Other Sketches. By Rose M.
Bradley. 12mo, 316 pages. E. P. Dutton & Co.
$2. net.
The Torpedo under the Ark: "Ibsen and Women.”
By Ellen Key; translated by Mamah Bouton
Borthwick 12mo, 28 pages. Chicago: Ralph
Fletcher Seymour Co.
DRAMA AND VERSE
The White Hills in Poetry: An Anthology. Edited
by Eugene R. Musgrove; with Introduction by
Samuel M. Crothers. Illustrated, 16mo,
397
pages. Houghton Mifflin Co. $1.75 net.
The Bride of Dionysus: A Music-Drama, and Other
Poems. By R. C. Trevelyan. 8vo, 77 pages.
Longmans, Green & Co. Paper, $ 1.20 net.
A California Troubadour. By Clarence Thomas
Urmy. Decorated, 12mo, 91 pages. San Fran-
cisco: A. M. Robertson. $2. net.
Roses from my Garden. By Gertrude Capen Whit-
ney. Illustrated, large 8vo, 92 pages. Sherman,
French & Co. $1.35 net.
The Inverted Torch, and Other Poems. By Samuel
John Alexander. 12mo, 244 pages.
San Fran-
cisco: A. M. Robertson. $1.50 net.
Charmides, and Other Poems Chiefly Relating to
Oxford. By Gascoigne Mackie. 12mo, 107 pages.
Oxford: B. H. Blackwell.
Both Sides of the Shield. By Major Archibald W.
Butt, U. S. A., with Foreword by William H.
Taft, and a short account of the author's life.
With portrait, 12mo, 155 pages. J. B. Lippincott
$1. net.
The Mysterious Card, and the Mysterious Card Un-
veiled. By Cleveland Moffett. 12mo, 103 pages.
Small, Maynard & Co. 50 cts. net.
Seegar and Cigareet. By Jack Hines. Illustrated,
12mo, 56 pages. George H. Doran Co. 50 cts net.
'Twas Long Ago. Translated, from the Swedish of
Anna Wahlenberg, by C. M. E. Pochin. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 160 pages. London: David Nutt.
King Philip of Primrose Street. By Elizabeth L.
Flint. 12mo, 48 pages. Boston: Richard G.
Badger.
TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION
The Byways of Paris. By George Cain; translated
from the French by Louise Seymour Houghton.
Illustrated, 12mo, 315 pages. Duffield & Co.
$2.15 net.
The Charterhouse of London: Monastery, Palace,
and Thomas Sutton's Foundation. By William F.
Taylor. Illustrated, 283 pages, 8vo. E. P. Dut-
ton & Co. $2.50 net.
Tripoll the Mysterious. By Mabel Loomis Todd.
Illustrated, 8vo, 214 pages. Small, Maynard &
Co. $2. net.
Andorra, the Hidden Republic: Its Origin and In-
stitutions, and the Record of a Journey Thither.
By Lewis Gaston Leary. Illustrated, 12mo, 191
pages. McBride, Nast & Co. $1.50 net.
The Tourist's Russia. By Ruth Kedzie Wood. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 253 pages. Dodd, Mead & Co.
$1.25 net.
How to Visit Europe on Next to Nothing: With
Memoranda of Actual Expenses, Coinage Tables,
etc. By E. P. Prentys. 12mo, 215 pages. Dodd,
Mead & Co. $1. net.
Planning a Trip Abroad. By Blair Jaekel, F.R.G.S.
Illustrated, 12mo, 252 pages. McBride, Nast &
Co. 75 cts, net.
FICTION
The Street Called Straight. By the Author of "The
Inner Shrine." Illustrated, 12mo, 415 pages. Har-
per & Brothers. $1.35 net.
The Friar of Wittenberg. By William Stearns
Davis. 12mo, 433 pages. Macmillan Co. $1.35 net.
Chronicles of Avonlea. By L. M. Montgomery. With
frontispiece in color, 12mo, 306 pages. L. C.
Page & Co. $1.25 net.
The Price She Paid. By David Graham Phillips.
12mo, 379 pages. D. Appleton & Co. $1.30 net.
In Cotton Wool. By W. B. Maxwell. 12mo, 442 pages,
D. Appleton & Co. $1.30 net.
Elsie Lindtner: A Sequel to "The Dangerous Age."
By Karin Michaelis Stangeland; authorized
translation by Beatrice Marshall. 12mo, 212
pages. John Lane Co. $1.20 net.
The Citadel: A Romance of Unrest. By Samuel
Merwin. 12mo, 409 pages. Century Co. $1.25 net.
The Penitent. Translated from the French of René
Bazin. 12mo, 288 pages. J. B. Lippincott Co.
$1.25 net.
The Raid of the Guerilla, and Other Stories. By
Charles Egbert Craddock. Illustrated, 12mo, 334
pages. J. B. Lippincott Co. $1.25 net.
Mastering Flame. 12mo, 350 pages.
Mitchell Ken-
nerley. $1.35 net.
The Frontier. By Maurice Leblanc; translated from
the French by Alexander Teixeira de Mattos.
12mo, 301 pages. George H. Doran & Co. $1.20 net.
The Permanent Uncle. By Douglas Goldring. Illus-
trated, 12mo, 364 pages.
E. P. Dutton & Co.
$1.25 net.
The Unofficial Secretary. By Mary Ridpath Mann.
Illustrated, 12mo, 281 pages. A. C. McClurg &
Co. $1.25 net.
The Golightlys: Father and Son. By Laurence
North. 12mo, 337 pages. George H. Doran Co.
$1.25 net.
The Isle of Strife. By George C. Shedd. Illustrated
in color, etc., 12mo, 375 pages. Small, Maynard
& Co. $1.25 net.
Ensign Russell. By David Gray. With frontispiece,
12mo, 241 pages. Century Co, $1. net.
Wilhelmina Changes her Mind. By Florence Morse
Kingsley. Illustrated, 12mo, 192 pages. Small,
Maynard & Co. $1. net.
Mene Tekel: A Tale of Strange Happenings. By
Augusta Groner; translated from the German by
Grace Isabel Colbron. 12 mo, 243 pages.
Duf-
field & Co. $1.20 net.
PUBLIC AFFAIRS
Concentration and Control: A Solution of the Trust
Problem in the United States. By Charles R.
Van Hise. 12mo, 288 pages. Macmillan Co.
$2. net,
Changing America: Studies in Contemporary Soci-
ety. By Edward Alsworth Ross, Ph.D. 12mo,
236 pages.
Century Co. $1.20 net.
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-


1912.]
477
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478
[June 16,
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The following catalogues of our stock of over a million books and prints
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No. 118 Shakespeare.—Emblems.-Dance of Death.
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72 Books by and on Erasmus.
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79 History and Literature of the Reformation in
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