item: #1 of 56
          id: dianoia-10461
      author: Forslund, Noah
       title: Spinoza the Hindu: Advaita Interpretations of The Ethics
        date: 2018-05-13
       words: 4924
      flesch: 50
     summary: S.M. Melamed associates Spinoza’s advocacy of a seemingly impersonal, or even non-existent, God to the Buddhist metaphysical picture of an “empty” universe.3 Both B. Ziporyn and A foundational element of Spinoza’s method lies in his argument that God must be the only substance that exists.
    keywords: advaita; brahman; god; human; knowledge; reality; spinoza
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        item: #2 of 56
          id: dianoia-10462
      author: Stanley, Matthew A.
       title: A Conversation with Heidegger and the Kyoto School on Nothingness
        date: 2018-05-13
       words: 7652
      flesch: 64
     summary: It Was Nothing reveal ontically nothing, this nothingness, which is given ontically (and therefore as an object), remains wholly inadequate for the task of revealing nothingness to us. Abe calls this “self- centeredness,” an obstacle to truly knowing other things.
    keywords: anxiety; dasein; heidegger; nishitani; nothingness; object; self; things
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        item: #3 of 56
          id: dianoia-10464
      author: Cartaya, Jazlyn
       title: The Representational Fallacy and the Ontology of Time
        date: 2018-05-13
       words: 7317
      flesch: 63
     summary: This example successfully shows that we cannot translate tensed sentences into tenseless sentences without loss of meaning. P3: Tensed sentences have not been shown to be reducible without loss of meaning to tenseless sentences.
    keywords: language; reality; sentences; time; truth
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        item: #4 of 56
          id: dianoia-10465
      author: Fineman, Max
       title: Revolution, Revelation, Responsibility: Emancipatory Futures in Benjamin and Habermas
        date: 2018-05-13
       words: 5625
      flesch: 44
     summary: Thus, divine violence destroys law, firstly, in the sense that it replaces the methods of control used by legal violence with direct annihilation wherever it finds something it regards as a transgression. Based on a critique of the instrumental use of legal violence, Benjamin argues that this violence inevitably will serve the interests of state power, and he concludes that the only remedy to this situation is the total annihilation of the legal order.
    keywords: benjamin; divine; law; legal; means; violence
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        item: #5 of 56
          id: dianoia-10466
      author: Fahey, Christopher
       title: A Defense of the Gods: Interpreting Plato's Myth of Er
        date: 2018-05-13
       words: 5851
      flesch: 63
     summary: Pieper notes that though myth sometimes uses “symbolic speech”92 to convey the truth of things that humans cannot grasp in their entirety, such myths can still be “accepted by man as valid beyond all doubt—as truth which, while not the absolute truth, is the ultimate attainable truth. It seems, however, that the Myth does not serve exclusively as summary; in fact, Socrates’ main purpose in relating the myth is to restore the reputation of the gods as totally good after assuming the opposite throughout most of the Republic.
    keywords: annas; ibid; johnson; myth; plato; socrates
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        item: #6 of 56
          id: dianoia-10467
      author: Victor, Jon Stuart
       title: Language and Signs in Heidegger's What is Called Thinking
        date: 2018-05-13
       words: 3589
      flesch: 67
     summary: Language as a combination of signs is constantly productive, but the relation of sign to signifier, or of human to Being, is transcendent, in that it is fixed in its singular meaning. Yet, while any combination of signs can yield new meaning, there can be only one relationship of sign to signifier.
    keywords: heidegger; language; sign
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        item: #7 of 56
          id: dianoia-10468
      author: Klapes, Peter
       title: Masthead
        date: 2018-05-13
       words: 164
      flesch: 39
     summary: Editor in Chief: Peter Klapes Managing Editors: Tristan St. Germain, Noah Valdez General Editors: Douglas Alfidi, Julia Bloechl, Michael Brue, Iulia Boboc, Jeffrey Donofrio, Jennifer Howard, Gary Hu, Gregory Kacergis, Alexander Kerker, Weitao Liu, Lauren Peplau, Jacob Schick Graduate Advisor: Myles Casey Faculty Advisor: Ronald Tacelli, S.J. Cover designs courtesy of Gregory Kacergis. The materials herein represent the personal opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Dianoia or Boston College.
    keywords: boston
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        item: #8 of 56
          id: dianoia-10470
      author: Klapes, Peter
       title: Author Biographies
        date: 2018-05-13
       words: 777
      flesch: 49
     summary: Other specific areas of philosophical interest include philosophy of art, philosophy of religion, and existentialism. LEAH HASDAN DePaul University Leah Hasdan is a senior at DePaul University finishing up her studies in philosophy and art history.
    keywords: college; philosophy; senior; university
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        item: #9 of 56
          id: dianoia-10472
      author: Hasdan, Leah
       title: Praxis of the Soviet Avant-Garde
        date: 2018-05-13
       words: 4898
      flesch: 54
     summary: This loss of revolutionary experience isolates theory from its praxis by collapsing the distinction between the artwork and its message: What since then has been called the problem of praxis and today culminates in the question of the relation between theory and praxis coincides with the loss of experience caused by the rationality of the eternally same. 32 δι αν οι α PRAXIS OF THE SOVIET AVANT-GARDE LEAH HASDAN In the Dialectic of Enlightenment, Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno discuss how the culture industry is backed by a noncommittal vagueness of ideology, which, in turn, influences the production of art.
    keywords: adorno; art; experience; new; praxis
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        item: #10 of 56
          id: dianoia-10538
      author: Klapes, Peter
       title: Letter from the Editors
        date: 2018-05-13
       words: 495
      flesch: 54
     summary: You will find, on our front and back covers, Arkady Rylov’s In the Blue Expanse. Dianoia Philosophy Journal Issue V Spr 18 FINAL PDF
    keywords: journal; philosophy
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        item: #11 of 56
          id: dianoia-10539
      author: Klapes, Peter
       title: Acknowledgements
        date: 2018-05-13
       words: 147
      flesch: 34
     summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College would like to extend our sincerest thanks to the following individuals for their assistance in making this issue of Dianoia possible: Nancy Adams, BC Libraries Mary Crane, Institute for the Liberal Arts RoseMarie DeLeo, Philosophy Susan Dunn, Center for Centers Rev. Gary Gurtler, S.J., Philosophy Department Peter Marino, Center for Centers Cherie McGill, Philosophy Department Jane Morris, BC Libraries Dermot Moran, Philosophy Department Paula Perry, Philosophy Department Christopher Soldt, Media Technology Services Eileen Sweeney, Philosophy Department Rev. Ronald Tacelli, S.J., Philosophy Department 4 The Editorial Staff of Dianoia:
    keywords: philosophy
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        item: #12 of 56
          id: dianoia-11709
      author: Klapes, Peter
       title: Acknowledgements
        date: 2019-05-01
       words: 126
      flesch: 15
     summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College would like to extend our sincerest thanks to the following individuals for their assistance in making this issue of Dianoia possible: Nancy Adams, BC Libraries Mary Crane, Institute for the Liberal Arts Susan Dunn, Center for Centers Gabriel Feldstein, BC Libraries Gary Gurtler, S.J., Philosophy Department Stephen Jarjoura, Information Technology Services Peter Marino, Center for Centers Cherie McGill, Philosophy Department Sarah Melton, BC Libraries Dermot Moran, Philosophy Department John O'Connor, BC Libraries Paula Perry, Philosophy Department Sarah Smith, Philosophy Department Christopher Soldt, Media Technology Services Zachary Willcutt, Philosophy Department 4 The Editorial Staff of Dianoia:
    keywords: philosophy
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        item: #13 of 56
          id: dianoia-11727
      author: Beaudin Pearson, Natasha 
       title: Merleau-Ponty and Barthes on Image Consciousness: Probing the (Im)possibility of Meaning
        date: 2019-10-02
       words: 4011
      flesch: 61
     summary: Spectators might be wounded by different punctums, which are, as Barthes puts it, “outside of meaning. Hill and Wang, 1981), 26. 4 Barthes, Camera Lucida, 19-20. 9Issue VI ◆ Spring 2019 Merleau-Ponty and Barthes on Image Consciousness unity” of the world,5 Barthes contends that “since every photograph is contingent (and thereby outside of meaning), photography cannot signify (aim at a generality) except by assuming a mask.
    keywords: barthes; freud; ibid; meaning; merleau; ponty; punctum
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        item: #14 of 56
          id: dianoia-11729
      author: Chambers, Brendan
       title: Phenomenological Reproduction in Thompson and Mailer's New Journalism
        date: 2019-10-02
       words: 7198
      flesch: 46
     summary: The March, for Mailer, is an almost incommunicably chaotic event; however, by placing himself at the center of it in his retelling, he builds an image of Norman Mailer which, though at times confusing and complex, is nonetheless solid. The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College Upon arrival at this climactic scene, the first detail that Mailer notes is the chaotic mix of cymbals, chanting, and spoken word played by the Fugs.
    keywords: eason; experience; ibid; image; journalism; mailer; new; novel; reader; reality; thompson; world
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        item: #15 of 56
          id: dianoia-11731
      author: Gavaris, Peter
       title: The Horror of the Real: Filmic Form, The Century, and Fritz Lang's M
        date: 2019-10-02
       words: 3681
      flesch: 59
     summary: Therefore, the frame is at once finite—and infinite—and this constitutive contradiction lies at the heart of the medium, which makes film the definitive art form of the century, and an object of curiosity for theorists like Benjamin and Badiou. Badiou’s reluctance to take up film as an “art of subtraction” that does not inherently eschew interiority is somewhat disappointing.
    keywords: art; badiou; beckert; century; film; real
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        item: #16 of 56
          id: dianoia-11733
      author: Cardoza, Ryan
       title: Cognition, Domination and Complexity: A Speculative Outline of Intersections Between Cognitive Activity and Structures of Control, and their Relation to Dynamics of Complexity and Simplicity
        date: 2019-10-02
       words: 7753
      flesch: 49
     summary: Stratification will be a useful concept, because we can use it to talk about the convergence of certain tendencies two different levels of matter without equivocating between levels. 47Issue VI ◆ Spring 2019 Cognition, Domination and Complexity the nature of stratification at the other level; there is no equivocation between levels, only an “isomorphism without correspondence”5 between the two. 3) Scientific Conceptualization; Physics In his Will to Power, Friedrich Nietzsche writes that “Thinking in primitive conditions (pre-organic) is the crystallization of forms, as in the case of a crystal.—In our thought, the essential feature is fitting new material into old schemas (=Procrustes’ bed), making equal what is new.
    keywords: chaos; collapse; complex; control; level; new; simplicity; world; york
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        item: #17 of 56
          id: dianoia-11737
      author: Wade, Maxwell
       title: Walter Benjamin's "Über den Begriff der Geschichte" and the Marxist Tradition 
        date: 2019-10-02
       words: 6237
      flesch: 55
     summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College Perhaps one of the most basic difficulties in Benjamin scholarship with “On the Concept of History” is the plethora of interpretations around it, many of which contradict each other. A Companion to the Works of Walter Benjamin.
    keywords: benjamin; engels; history; ibid; marx; marxism; past; text; time; walter
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        item: #18 of 56
          id: dianoia-11739
      author: Vidal, Gabriel
       title: Patočka's Critique of Husserl: The Possibility of A-Subjective Phenomenology
        date: 2019-10-02
       words: 7060
      flesch: 52
     summary: This is pure direction of consciousness towards the object—or intentionality—is the only thing that we can properly affirm about consciousness.13 This allows Husserl to affirm that constitution does not equal the construction of the object: the act is not, in some way, the absorption of the object inside a closed in consciousness, but is rather the appearance of the object to 7 Edmund Husserl, Logical Investigations (Routledge, 2013). 8 Dan Zahavi, Husserl’s Phenomenology (Stanford University Press, 2003), 8–9. 9 Robert Hanna, “Husserl’s Arguments against Logical Psychologism,” Edmund Husserl: Logische Untersuchungen, 2008, 78.
    keywords: appearance; consciousness; husserl; ibid; object; patočka; phenomenology; subject; thing; way
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        item: #19 of 56
          id: dianoia-11741
      author: Casey, Myles
       title: Book Review: Discomfort and Moral Impediment by Julio Cabrera (Cambridge Scholars Publishing: 2019)
        date: 2019-10-02
       words: 3116
      flesch: 31
     summary: Cabrera then turns to more ontological considerations of human being, in chapters 2 and 3, to articulate his concept of “negative ethics,” the question of discomfort, and the status of “value” in human life. 93Issue VI ◆ Spring 2019 Review of Discomfort and Moral Impediment (Julio Cabrera) human being as having a non-exhaustive trifold structure—[a] human life, from birth has a “decaying” structure that can end at any point; [b] human life’s decaying-being is characterized by three kinds of “frictions’—physical pain, discouragement (i.e., the possibility of “lacking the will” to continue to be), and “exposure to the aggressions of other humans”; [c] the ability to react against the two aforementioned structural aspects by “positive value creation” (23).
    keywords: cabrera; creation; human; life; value
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        item: #20 of 56
          id: dianoia-11743
      author: Klapes, Peter 
       title: Author Biographies
        date: 2019-10-02
       words: 734
      flesch: 38
     summary: He is also interested in contemporary developments in realism and rationalism in Continental philosophy, especially those influenced by Deleuze. 98 C O N T R IB U T O R S NATASHA BEAUDIN PEARSON McGill University Natasha
    keywords: boston; philosophy; university
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        item: #21 of 56
          id: dianoia-11745
      author: Klapes, Peter
       title: A Letter from the Editor
        date: 2019-10-02
       words: 694
      flesch: 50
     summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College represents, indeed, the world’s finest undergraduate work in philosophy. I am certain that such training will continue to influence our annual review and will continue to keep us firmly in our position as a top journal of undergraduate work in philosophy.
    keywords: dianoia; philosophy
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        item: #22 of 56
          id: dianoia-11963
      author: Klapes, Peter
       title: Full Text
        date: 2019-12-27
       words: 40783
      flesch: 51
     summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College attempts to add a thing-like essence (a thing that acts, thinks, and wants),54 in such a way that constitutes a special thing between other things that lack a self or ego. For example, the innovation of the photograph is “the first truly revolutionary means of reproduction […which] for the first time in world history, technological reproducibility emancipates the work of art from its parasitic subservience to ritual.”
    keywords: appearance; barthes; benjamin; boston; cabrera; century; college; complex; consciousness; dianoia; experience; fact; history; human; husserl; ibid; image; journal; level; life; mailer; marx; meaning; merleau; new; object; order; patočka; phenomenology; philosophy; ponty; press; reader; reality; self; spring; subject; thing; thompson; thought; time; undergraduate; university; way; work; world
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        item: #23 of 56
          id: dianoia-11967
      author: Klapes, Peter
       title: Masthead
        date: 2019-12-27
       words: 182
      flesch: 27
     summary: Editor-in-Chief: Peter Klapes Senior Managing Editor: Noah Valdez Managing Editors: Weitao Liu, Ethan Yates General Editors: Benjamin Dewhurst, Christopher Fahey, Jennifer Howard, Gregory Kacergis, Brian Kominick, Ana Luque, Elizabeth LoPreiato, Jacob Schick, Alexander Turney, Lauren White, Madeline Wolfe, Xinyu Zhou External Reviewers: Jeremy Freudberg (Boston University), Justin Messmer (Boston University), Tristan St. Germain (Brown University), Alexander Stooshinoff (Concordia University) Communications Editor: Jessica Flores Graduate Advisor: Myles Casey Faculty Advisor: Ronald Tacelli, S.J. Cover designs courtesy of Gregory Kacergis. The materials herein represent the personal opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Dianoia or Boston College.
    keywords: boston; university
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        item: #24 of 56
          id: dianoia-12721
      author: Valdez, Noah
       title: Author Biographies
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 488
      flesch: 46
     summary: On the side, he also likes to dabble in political philosophy and has recently started to become interested in mathematical logic. Her academic interests include political philosophy, particularly the philosophy of law and legal authority.
    keywords: philosophy; university
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        item: #25 of 56
          id: dianoia-12723
      author: Valdez, Noah
       title: Acknowledgements
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 112
      flesch: 21
     summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College would like to extend our sincerest thanks to the following individuals for their assistance in making this issue of Dianoia possible: Mary Crane, Institute for the Liberal Arts Jacqueline Delgado, Center for Centers Susan Dunn, Center for Centers Gabriel Feldstein, BC Libraries Stephen Jarjoura, Information Technology Services Peter Marino, Center for Centers Cherie McGill, Philosophy Department Sarah Melton, BC Libraries Dermot Moran, Philosophy Department John O'Connor, BC Libraries Paula Perry, Philosophy Department Sarah Smith, Philosophy Department We would also like to thank Dr. Ronald Tacelli, S.J., of the Boston College Philosophy Department, for his invaluable assistance as our advisor.
    keywords: philosophy
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        item: #26 of 56
          id: dianoia-12727
      author: Valdez, Noah
       title: A Letter From the Editor
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 755
      flesch: 43
     summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College Spring 2020 Dear Reader, It is with great honor and pride that I present to you Issue VII of Dianoia: In the interest of philosophically engaging with COVID-19—a feat still quite rare in the early days of the virus—Dianoia is pleased to present an interview with the Joseph Chair in Catholic Philosophy and current Chair of the Department of Philosophy at Boston College, Dermot Moran, speaking on the pandemic and its assorted effects on everyday life.
    keywords: dianoia; journal; philosophy
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        item: #27 of 56
          id: dianoia-12729
      author: Ruparelia, Abhi
       title: Virtue, Silencing and Perception
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 5171
      flesch: 51
     summary: That is, owing to the fact that there are no genuine losses on the part of the virtuous agent in failing to choose the non-virtuous reasons under rational silencing, none of the agent’s motivational energies are enticed in favor of non-virtuous considerations under motivational silencing. Analogously, the virtuous agent may perhaps acknowledge the existence of non-virtuous considerations – he might know that they exist – but he surely does not know what they are.
    keywords: agent; aristotle; considerations; mcdowell; person; silencing; virtue
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        item: #28 of 56
          id: dianoia-12731
      author: Tseng, Sherry
       title: The Epistemic Injustice of Ex Contradictione Quodlibet
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 4121
      flesch: 42
     summary: As the future of AI is intrinsically bound to formal logic, the consequences of epistemic injustice will only become more evident and tangible lest we adopt some form of paraconsistent logic and adhere to logical pluralism. The assumption of triviality from contradiction in formal logic makes it such that the contradictions found within natural language on our social identities equally trivializes those contradictory aspects, and thereby, inflicts an epistemic injustice.
    keywords: alex; contradictione; injustice; logic; quodlibet; social; triviality
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        item: #29 of 56
          id: dianoia-12733
      author: Bu, Chenyu
       title: Sound as Silence: Nothingness in the Music of Anton Webern and John Cage
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 4602
      flesch: 57
     summary: 2 Charles B. Guignon, and Derk Pereboom, Existentialism: Basic Writings, (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2001), 325. 37Issue VII ◆ Spring 2020 Sound as Silence The notion of the silence of the infinite space invoked by Pascal, however, sheds light upon a broader interpretation of Sartrean nothingness beyond the paradigm of being; namely, to the world of sound. The phrase “total sound-space” refers to John Cage’s discussion of sound: John Cage, Silence: lectures and writings, (Wesleyan University Press, 1961), 9. 4 Charles B. Guignon, and Derk Pereboom, Existentialism: Basic Writings, (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2001), 310. 5 Ibid, Pg.
    keywords: cage; john; non; nothingness; relation; silence; sound
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        item: #30 of 56
          id: dianoia-12735
      author: Gillette, Caroline
       title: Human (and) Nature: Using Arendt to Reconcile Models of Environmental Ethics
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 4130
      flesch: 55
     summary: Many have criticized this model because the human obligation to protect the environment is derived from humankind’s role as nature’s divinely appointed (yet anthropocentric and paternalistic) caretakers, but not due to any special dignity that nature has in and of itself.33 Even if humans were the perfect stewards—and they certainly are not—some argue that viewing nature as subordinate to and in service of humanity inevitably leads humans to exploit it.34 There is no obligation in this model to protect nature in ways that are not eventually useful to man, because nature’s value is a consequence of its service to man, leading many environmentalists to prefer a model that views nature as valuable in its own right. In The Human Condition, Hannah Arendt implicitly oscillates between two paradigms that relate the human to nature.
    keywords: arendt; earth; human; ibid; man; model; nature
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        item: #31 of 56
          id: dianoia-12737
      author: Montero, Felipe Daniel
       title: Art, Technology and Truth in the Thought of Martin Heidegger
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 4668
      flesch: 52
     summary: : a translation of Gelassenheit, (New York, Harper & Row, 1959) 4 Iain D. Thomson, Heidegger, Art, and Postmodernity, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012), 110 5 Martin Heidegger, “Vom Ursprung des Kunstwerks: Erste Ausarbeitung” Heidegger Studies Vol. 5 (1989): 5-22. We must take into account that even if the ancient Greeks could be said to have damaged nature just as much as the English did in the times of Francis Bacon, the difference between the two of them— and of unique interest to Heidegger—is how from a certain historical horizon nature can be seen as something to be dominated, which is clearly incompatible with the Greek conception of physis.10 9 Martin Heidegger, Vorträge und Aufsätze, (Frankfurt am Main: Vittorio Klostermann, 2000), 17.
    keywords: art; earth; heidegger; ihde; new; technology; work; york
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        item: #32 of 56
          id: dianoia-12739
      author: Moran, Dermot
       title: Interview with Dermot Moran
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 3372
      flesch: 61
     summary: And that’s interesting too, continental people tend to be more interested in the arts and literature, and analytic philosophers often want to be piggybacking on science, mathematics, logic and so on. I think initially people in the West thought about this as a local problem in China, and there was a lot of misinformation initially; for example, that COVID-19 was no worse than the common flu, or that some would build immunity to it, but in fact it’s ten times more deadly than the seasonal flu.
    keywords: heidegger; moran; people; phenomenology; philosophy
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        item: #33 of 56
          id: dianoia-12741
      author: Valdez, Noah
       title: Masthead
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 223
      flesch: 36
     summary: I AThe Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College Spring 2020 ISSUE VII διανοια Editor-in-Chief: Noah Valdez Senior Managing Editor: Ethan Yates Managing Editors: Nicholas Arozarena, Weitao Liu, Lauren White General Editors: Nicholas Avallone, Kathryn Bryson, Jacob Browning, Carolyn Chang, Yang Cheng, Benjamin Dewhurst, Lucy Hanson, Emily Haverstick, Wenyu Huang, Qihui Liu, Yue Liu, Elizabeth LoPreiato, Alexandria Mullen, Jacob Schick, Drew Thorburn, Maxwell Vogliano External Reviewers: Arabella Adams (Wellesley College), Nathan Evans (University of Northern Colorado), Tyler Hruby (Carleton College), Tristan St. Germain (Brown University) The materials herein represent the personal opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Dianoia or Boston College.
    keywords: boston; college
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        item: #34 of 56
          id: dianoia-13701
      author: Valdez, Noah
       title: Letter From The Editor
        date: 2021-05-11
       words: 676
      flesch: 57
     summary: The union of these two pieces—from Bacon’s isolation to Yakovlev’s horizon of community—is a fitting image for our gradual return to a pre-COVID-19 lifestyle, and we enthusiastically look forward to holding future publication symposia in-person, to meetings on campus, and to seeing journal friends again, both old and new. Spring 2021 To the Reader, Welcome to Issue VIII of Dianoia:
    keywords: dianoia; journal
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        item: #35 of 56
          id: dianoia-15479
      author: Arıcı, Burak
       title: The Nature of Human Knowledge in Light of Empiricism After a Critique of Kantian Epistemology
        date: 2022-06-01
       words: 7548
      flesch: 53
     summary: The Nature of Human Knowledge ˸˽ ˵́ ̃˽ ˵ THE NATURE OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE in Light of Empiricism After a Critique of Kantian Epistemology BURAK ARICI At this point, it becomes possible to address a conceptual scheme which consists of the concepts “a priori, a posteriori, analytic, and synthetic” by their combination in the expression of human knowledge.
    keywords: analytic; analyticity; experience; knowledge; priori; synthetic; world
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        item: #36 of 56
          id: dianoia-15481
      author: Wu, Megan
       title: The Justification-Application Spectrum
        date: 2021-05-02
       words: 4581
      flesch: 36
     summary: As Young de!nes it, temporality concerns the historical processes (change, continuity, and interaction with other groups) that have contributed to group identi#cation;18 it is therefore essential, Young argues, that dialogue participants consider temporality in their comprehension of asymmetries between participants. As a way of reconciling or navigating an interplay between the Generalized and Concrete others, Benhabib proposes the idea of communicative ethics, which consists of the following four principles:7 1.
    keywords: benhabib; concrete; dialogue; ethics; identity; participants; reciprocity
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        item: #37 of 56
          id: dianoia-15483
      author: Agarwal, Yash
       title: Don't Get Hung Up in the Middle
        date: 2022-06-01
       words: 5186
      flesch: 66
     summary: Bernstein argues that middle level entities like iPhones, toasters, and amoebae have an (prima facie) advantage over the fundamental entity(ies) posited by top- ists (the cosmos) and bottom-ists (mereological atoms). ! I object by saying that the list of middle level entities is indeterminate. !
    keywords: atoms; entities; ism; ist; level; middle
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        item: #38 of 56
          id: dianoia-15485
      author: Locke, Rebekah
       title: Heroes or Villains?
        date: 2022-06-01
       words: 6447
      flesch: 61
     summary: e state itself may not be corrupt or willfully blind, but, because of forces out of the state’s control or mistakes made along the way, the state has failed to completely uphold its duties, becoming a pseudo-state of nature. Harel’s integrationist justi#cation of state sanctions does have force in the situations in which it applies, but this theory of punishment justi#cation simply does not pertain to actions in a pseudo-state of nature.
    keywords: executive; nature; pseudo; punishment; right; state; vigilante; vigilantism
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        item: #39 of 56
          id: dianoia-16457
      author: Loper, Tanner
       title: Letter From the Editor
        date: 2023-04-26
       words: 420
      flesch: 61
     summary: 5Issue X ◆ Spring 2023 δι ά νο ιαDear Reader, April 26th, 2023I am pleased to present Issue X of Dianoia: the Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College. On the release of this tenth issue of Dianoia, I cannot help but to pause and express my sincere gratitude for all who made this possible.
    keywords: issue; philosophy
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        item: #40 of 56
          id: dianoia-16463
      author: Fried, Gregory; Kelly, Patrick
       title: Interview with Professor Gregory Fried: Towards a Polemical Ethics: Between Heidegger and Plato
        date: 2023-06-08
       words: 3825
      flesch: 65
     summary: Heidegger traces that weakness back to Greek thinking, starting with Plato, which sees the world as divided between historical reality—the shadows of the cave that we live in—and the realm of philosophical truth, the realm of the Ideas, which philosophy can bring us to as the true world beyond our historical experience in which there are everlasting truths that transcend us. The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College δι ά νο ια AN INTERVIEW WITH GREGORY FRIED, PH.D., PROFESSOR OF PHILOSOPHY AT BOSTON COLLEGE Towards a Polemical Ethics: Between Heidegger and Plato I think for Plato and for Socrates, the philosophical life is a constant striving to seek that enlightenment: to try our utmost to transcend our historical circumstances, even knowing that we will ultimately fail.
    keywords: cave; heidegger; philosophy; plato
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        item: #41 of 56
          id: dianoia-16465
      author: Beesley, Brandon
       title: An Analysis of the Overlooked Value of Greatness
        date: 2023-04-26
       words: 5750
      flesch: 49
     summary: Binghamton (NY: Vail-Ballou Press, 1924): 21. 4 Amy Allen, “Feminist Perspectives on Power,” e Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2022 Edition): 1. 5 Johanna Oksala, “Feminism and Power,” e Routledge Companion to Feminist Philosophy, (2017): 680. 6 Oksala, “Feminism and Power,” 681. 59Issue X ◆ Spring 2023 An Analysis of the Overlooked Value of Greatness GREATNESS AND ITS VALUE AS POWER: e power and in#uence these two men speci!cally possessed was immense, yet without morality to guide them, such power lent itself to atrocities rather than greatness.
    keywords: care; expression; feminist; greatness; in#uence; nietzsche; power; value; virtue
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        item: #42 of 56
          id: dianoia-16595
      author: Bickerstaff, Gabriel
       title: Hermeneutics of Heraclitus: Allowing Concept Flux
        date: 2023-04-26
       words: 5532
      flesch: 51
     summary: Companioning as a hermeneutical approach would free one from making a claim regarding Heraclitus’s intended philosophical meaning – allowing there to be a distance between what Heraclitus may have meant and what his fragments bring to mind for the contemporary reader. The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College δι ά νο ια HERMENEUTICS OF HERACLITUS Allowing Concept Flux GABRIEL BICKERSTAFF Conjoinings: wholes and not wholes, converging and diverging, harmonious dissonant; and out of all things one, and out of one all things.1 –Heraclitus A thought exercise by which to consider the meaning of the above fragment might leave one feeling that there is more unsaid than said, or wondering what Heraclitus is speaking in reference to.
    keywords: companioning; desmond; hadot; halapsis; heraclitus; kahn; philosophy; thought
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        item: #43 of 56
          id: dianoia-16597
      author: Lee, Minjun
       title: How Can We Reach the True Definition of Something? Essence, Definition, and Teleology in Aristole's Metaphysics
        date: 2023-04-26
       words: 8287
      flesch: 71
     summary: e other one represents the achievement that can be made when we know the true end of a thing—that is, true denition. e denition of something is the account of its essence.
    keywords: aristotle; de"nition; di#erentia; end; essence; genus; human; ultimate
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        item: #44 of 56
          id: dianoia-16599
      author: Vaughan, Alison
       title: A Superior Natural Law Theory in the Works of Johannes Althusius
        date: 2023-04-26
       words: 7530
      flesch: 60
     summary: Perhaps he would claim the Roman law he cites for duties to self is su%ciently in alignment with common law to be considered natural law. Behavioral guidelines and the tenets of associational happiness cement both public and private life in his polity, and Althusius underpins these discussions with a theory of natural law.
    keywords: althusius; duties; god; johannes; justice; law; politica; right; rst; self; system; theory
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        item: #45 of 56
          id: dianoia-16601
      author: Toensing, Lauren
       title: Kant's Racial and Moral Theories: The Importance of a Teleological Perspective
        date: 2023-04-26
       words: 7615
      flesch: 47
     summary: It is often observed that the works of Immanuel Kant contain many propagations of racist and prejudiced beliefs, which seem to have been sincerely held by Kant himself. 1 Immanuel Kant, “Toward Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch,” Essay, in Toward Perpetual Peace and Other Writings on Politics, Peace, and History, edited by Pauline Kleingeld, translated by Jeremy Waldron, Michael W. Doyle, Allen W. Wood, and David L. Colclasure, 67–109, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006, 82. 2 Pauline Kleingeld, “Kant’s Second !oughts on Colonialism,” essay, in Kant and Colonialism: Historical and Critical Perspectives, edited by Katrin Flikschuh and Lea Ypi, 43–67, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, 573. 3 Lucy Allais, “Kant’s Racism,” Philosophical Papers 45, no. 1-2 (2016): 1–36, https://doi.org/10.1080/05568641.2 016.1199170, 30. 72 Dianoia:
    keywords: ethics; history; human; kant; nature; peace; racism; reason
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        item: #46 of 56
          id: dianoia-9866
      author: Klapes, Peter
       title: Masthead
        date: 2017-05-05
       words: 203
      flesch: 48
     summary: The materials herein represent the personal opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Dianoia or Boston College. Dianoia The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College Spring 2017 Issue IV Boston College 140 Commonwealth Avenue Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 www.bc.edu/schools/cas/philosophy/undergrad-program/dianoia.html Printed by Progressive Print Solutions © 2017
    keywords: editors
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        item: #47 of 56
          id: dianoia-9867
      author: Lombardo, Thomas J.; Klapes, Peter; Pino, Jordan
       title: A Letter from the Editors
        date: 2017-05-05
       words: 444
      flesch: 57
     summary: The front cover hosts Virgil Solis’ Philosophy Enthroned, while the back cover features Kandinsky’s Rain Landscape as well as his Four Parts. Much like those aforementioned, the philosophers referenced in this collection of essays have made their own unique contribution to the pursuit of wisdom.
    keywords: essays; philosophy
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        item: #48 of 56
          id: dianoia-9868
      author: Klapes, Peter
       title: Acknowledgements
        date: 2017-05-05
       words: 146
      flesch: 18
     summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College would like to extend our sincerest thanks to the following individuals for their assistance in making this issue of Dianoia possible: Nancy Adams, BC Libraries Margaret Bakalo, Philosophy/Lonergan Center Mary Crane, Institute for the Liberal Arts RoseMarie DeLeo, Philosophy Susan Dunn, Center for Centers Rev. Gary Gurtler, S.J., Philosophy Stephen Jarjoura, Information Technology Services Peter Marnino, Center for Centers Jane Morris, BC Libraries Michelle Muccini, Center for Centers Paula Perry, Philosophy Catherine Wechsler, Media Technology Services We would like to extend a very special thank you to Eileen Sweeney of B.C.’s Philosophy Department for her continued support and her encouragement to restart Dianoia after having gone out of print for several years and to Rev. Ronald Tacelli, S.J., also of B.C. Philosophy, for his invaluable assistance as our faculty advisor. 104 The Editorial Staff of Dianoia:
    keywords: philosophy
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        item: #49 of 56
          id: dianoia-9869
      author: Andrade, Bernardo Portilho
       title: Looks, Gestures, and Words: Skepticism and the Ethical in Cavell and Levinas
        date: 2017-05-05
       words: 9638
      flesch: 59
     summary: In other words, these are the criteria that establish what it means to be a goldfinch. In other words, it stands as a permanent possibility that the hammer could have caused a wholly distinct pain in your finger, and my inability to have your pain stops me from either confirming or denying it.
    keywords: cavell; criteria; knowledge; language; lear; levinas; love; pain; philosophy; skepticism; words
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        item: #50 of 56
          id: dianoia-9870
      author: Fitzgerald, Martin
       title: The Fructifying Ray: Considering Kandinskian Artistic Creation Through the Hegelian Alienated Consciousness
        date: 2017-05-05
       words: 9467
      flesch: 61
     summary: Instead, it is the unique role of the artist to make spiritual values available to non-artists. Consciously or unconsciously, from this moment man seeks a material form for this new spiritual value that lives in spiritual form within him.
    keywords: artist; composition; consciousness; form; kandinsky; spiritual; value; work
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        item: #51 of 56
          id: dianoia-9871
      author: Chiodini, Clare
       title: G.K. Chesterton and the Quest for Heideggerian Authenticity
        date: 2017-05-05
       words: 6477
      flesch: 57
     summary: 13 Idle Talk can be understood as the existential of discourse as a character of fallen Dasein; it is discourse submitted to the control of the ‘they’. Fallen Dasein is Dasein which, existentially, has not understood itself in terms of its own possibilities.
    keywords: dasein; death; heidegger; ibid; possibilities; possibility
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        item: #52 of 56
          id: dianoia-9872
      author: Janakiefski, Kelly
       title: Preserving Human Freedom: Aquinas on Divine Transcendence and Creaturely Contingency
        date: 2017-05-05
       words: 4487
      flesch: 58
     summary: 56 δι αν οι α PRESERVING HUMAN FREEDOM: Aquinas on Divine Transcendence and Creaturely Contingency KELLY JANAKIEFSKI I. INTRODUCTION Thomas Aquinas, in his thoroughly Catholic philosophical and theological system, was committed to each of the following principles: that God foreknows all events, even future contingents; that God causes the being of all things, even contingent effects; and that the creatures He creates act contingently in accordance with their free will. With respect to the question of the relationship between divine knowledge, divine causation, and creaturely contingency, Goris nicely sums up the heart of Aquinas’ position: “God’s incomprehensible, eternal mode of being allows us to say that events which are future and contingent, and hence indeterminate in themselves and in relation to us, are present and determinate in relation to God.
    keywords: aquinas; cause; god; goris; knowledge
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        item: #53 of 56
          id: dianoia-9873
      author: Mwakima, Mghanga David
       title: Is Geometry Analytic?
        date: 2017-05-05
       words: 6494
      flesch: 50
     summary: In classical mechanics, for example, Euclidean geometry was used in kinematics by “building bridge equations”20 from pure Euclidean geometry to physics. While it is true to say that when Euclidean geometry is applied to our physical space, it turns out to be incorrect; it does not follow that pure Euclidean geometry itself is false and that it was abandoned.
    keywords: ayer; euclidean; geometry; kant; priori; putnam
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        item: #54 of 56
          id: dianoia-9874
      author: Pressman, Fisher
       title: Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Alex Garland: Human Consciousness in Ex Machina
        date: 2017-05-05
       words: 5050
      flesch: 61
     summary: It is fascinating that while Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology explains AI through embodied experience, other notable philosophers have used his phenomenology to criticize the notion of non-human human consciousness. 12 Kearney, “Maurice Merleau-Ponty” in Modern Movements of European Philosophy, p. 73. 81Issue IV F Spring 2017 Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Alex Garland opening the cogito to the world around it.
    keywords: ava; body; garland; human; merleau; ponty; world
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        item: #55 of 56
          id: dianoia-9875
      author: Engelman, Robert
       title: Jimi Hendrix: Creolization and the Re-Imagined Black Authentic
        date: 2017-05-05
       words: 5859
      flesch: 42
     summary: To apply Waksman’s notion to Hendrix, we see that Hendrix began his musical development with the blues tradition, which is entangled with African- 27 Waksman, “Black Sound, Black Body: Jimi Hendrix, the Electric Guitar, and the Meanings of Blackness,” p. 88. By adopting the métissage framework of cultural Relation to analyze Jimi Hendrix as a reflexively hybrid artist rather than a ‘crossover’ artist, we can better understand his creative development and evaluate his cultural agency.
    keywords: american; authenticity; black; blackness; cultures; glissant; hendrix; jimi; race
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        item: #56 of 56
          id: dianoia-9876
      author: Klapes, Peter
       title: Contributors
        date: 2017-05-05
       words: 743
      flesch: 51
     summary: She is currently a junior at Boston University, double majoring in Philosophy and Ancient Greek & Latin. ROBERT ENGELMAN Boston University ‘17 Robert Engelman is a senior at Boston University where he is completing a double major in Philosophy and Psychology.
    keywords: college; philosophy; university
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