item: #1 of 56 id: dianoia-10461 author: Forslund, Noah title: Spinoza the Hindu: Advaita Interpretations of The Ethics date: 2018-05-13 words: 4924 flesch: 50 summary: S.M. Melamed associates Spinoza’s advocacy of a seemingly impersonal, or even non-existent, God to the Buddhist metaphysical picture of an “empty” universe.3 Both B. Ziporyn and A foundational element of Spinoza’s method lies in his argument that God must be the only substance that exists. keywords: advaita; brahman; god; human; knowledge; reality; spinoza cache: dianoia-10461.pdf plain text: dianoia-10461.txt item: #2 of 56 id: dianoia-10462 author: Stanley, Matthew A. title: A Conversation with Heidegger and the Kyoto School on Nothingness date: 2018-05-13 words: 7652 flesch: 64 summary: It Was Nothing reveal ontically nothing, this nothingness, which is given ontically (and therefore as an object), remains wholly inadequate for the task of revealing nothingness to us. Abe calls this “self- centeredness,” an obstacle to truly knowing other things. keywords: anxiety; dasein; heidegger; nishitani; nothingness; object; self; things cache: dianoia-10462.pdf plain text: dianoia-10462.txt item: #3 of 56 id: dianoia-10464 author: Cartaya, Jazlyn title: The Representational Fallacy and the Ontology of Time date: 2018-05-13 words: 7317 flesch: 63 summary: This example successfully shows that we cannot translate tensed sentences into tenseless sentences without loss of meaning. P3: Tensed sentences have not been shown to be reducible without loss of meaning to tenseless sentences. keywords: language; reality; sentences; time; truth cache: dianoia-10464.pdf plain text: dianoia-10464.txt item: #4 of 56 id: dianoia-10465 author: Fineman, Max title: Revolution, Revelation, Responsibility: Emancipatory Futures in Benjamin and Habermas date: 2018-05-13 words: 5625 flesch: 44 summary: Thus, divine violence destroys law, firstly, in the sense that it replaces the methods of control used by legal violence with direct annihilation wherever it finds something it regards as a transgression. Based on a critique of the instrumental use of legal violence, Benjamin argues that this violence inevitably will serve the interests of state power, and he concludes that the only remedy to this situation is the total annihilation of the legal order. keywords: benjamin; divine; law; legal; means; violence cache: dianoia-10465.pdf plain text: dianoia-10465.txt item: #5 of 56 id: dianoia-10466 author: Fahey, Christopher title: A Defense of the Gods: Interpreting Plato's Myth of Er date: 2018-05-13 words: 5851 flesch: 63 summary: Pieper notes that though myth sometimes uses “symbolic speech”92 to convey the truth of things that humans cannot grasp in their entirety, such myths can still be “accepted by man as valid beyond all doubt—as truth which, while not the absolute truth, is the ultimate attainable truth. It seems, however, that the Myth does not serve exclusively as summary; in fact, Socrates’ main purpose in relating the myth is to restore the reputation of the gods as totally good after assuming the opposite throughout most of the Republic. keywords: annas; ibid; johnson; myth; plato; socrates cache: dianoia-10466.pdf plain text: dianoia-10466.txt item: #6 of 56 id: dianoia-10467 author: Victor, Jon Stuart title: Language and Signs in Heidegger's What is Called Thinking date: 2018-05-13 words: 3589 flesch: 67 summary: Language as a combination of signs is constantly productive, but the relation of sign to signifier, or of human to Being, is transcendent, in that it is fixed in its singular meaning. Yet, while any combination of signs can yield new meaning, there can be only one relationship of sign to signifier. keywords: heidegger; language; sign cache: dianoia-10467.pdf plain text: dianoia-10467.txt item: #7 of 56 id: dianoia-10468 author: Klapes, Peter title: Masthead date: 2018-05-13 words: 164 flesch: 39 summary: Editor in Chief: Peter Klapes Managing Editors: Tristan St. Germain, Noah Valdez General Editors: Douglas Alfidi, Julia Bloechl, Michael Brue, Iulia Boboc, Jeffrey Donofrio, Jennifer Howard, Gary Hu, Gregory Kacergis, Alexander Kerker, Weitao Liu, Lauren Peplau, Jacob Schick Graduate Advisor: Myles Casey Faculty Advisor: Ronald Tacelli, S.J. Cover designs courtesy of Gregory Kacergis. The materials herein represent the personal opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Dianoia or Boston College. keywords: boston cache: dianoia-10468.pdf plain text: dianoia-10468.txt item: #8 of 56 id: dianoia-10470 author: Klapes, Peter title: Author Biographies date: 2018-05-13 words: 777 flesch: 49 summary: Other specific areas of philosophical interest include philosophy of art, philosophy of religion, and existentialism. LEAH HASDAN DePaul University Leah Hasdan is a senior at DePaul University finishing up her studies in philosophy and art history. keywords: college; philosophy; senior; university cache: dianoia-10470.pdf plain text: dianoia-10470.txt item: #9 of 56 id: dianoia-10472 author: Hasdan, Leah title: Praxis of the Soviet Avant-Garde date: 2018-05-13 words: 4898 flesch: 54 summary: This loss of revolutionary experience isolates theory from its praxis by collapsing the distinction between the artwork and its message: What since then has been called the problem of praxis and today culminates in the question of the relation between theory and praxis coincides with the loss of experience caused by the rationality of the eternally same. 32 δι αν οι α PRAXIS OF THE SOVIET AVANT-GARDE LEAH HASDAN In the Dialectic of Enlightenment, Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno discuss how the culture industry is backed by a noncommittal vagueness of ideology, which, in turn, influences the production of art. keywords: adorno; art; experience; new; praxis cache: dianoia-10472.pdf plain text: dianoia-10472.txt item: #10 of 56 id: dianoia-10538 author: Klapes, Peter title: Letter from the Editors date: 2018-05-13 words: 495 flesch: 54 summary: You will find, on our front and back covers, Arkady Rylov’s In the Blue Expanse. Dianoia Philosophy Journal Issue V Spr 18 FINAL PDF keywords: journal; philosophy cache: dianoia-10538.pdf plain text: dianoia-10538.txt item: #11 of 56 id: dianoia-10539 author: Klapes, Peter title: Acknowledgements date: 2018-05-13 words: 147 flesch: 34 summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College would like to extend our sincerest thanks to the following individuals for their assistance in making this issue of Dianoia possible: Nancy Adams, BC Libraries Mary Crane, Institute for the Liberal Arts RoseMarie DeLeo, Philosophy Susan Dunn, Center for Centers Rev. Gary Gurtler, S.J., Philosophy Department Peter Marino, Center for Centers Cherie McGill, Philosophy Department Jane Morris, BC Libraries Dermot Moran, Philosophy Department Paula Perry, Philosophy Department Christopher Soldt, Media Technology Services Eileen Sweeney, Philosophy Department Rev. Ronald Tacelli, S.J., Philosophy Department 4 The Editorial Staff of Dianoia: keywords: philosophy cache: dianoia-10539.pdf plain text: dianoia-10539.txt item: #12 of 56 id: dianoia-11709 author: Klapes, Peter title: Acknowledgements date: 2019-05-01 words: 126 flesch: 15 summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College would like to extend our sincerest thanks to the following individuals for their assistance in making this issue of Dianoia possible: Nancy Adams, BC Libraries Mary Crane, Institute for the Liberal Arts Susan Dunn, Center for Centers Gabriel Feldstein, BC Libraries Gary Gurtler, S.J., Philosophy Department Stephen Jarjoura, Information Technology Services Peter Marino, Center for Centers Cherie McGill, Philosophy Department Sarah Melton, BC Libraries Dermot Moran, Philosophy Department John O'Connor, BC Libraries Paula Perry, Philosophy Department Sarah Smith, Philosophy Department Christopher Soldt, Media Technology Services Zachary Willcutt, Philosophy Department 4 The Editorial Staff of Dianoia: keywords: philosophy cache: dianoia-11709.pdf plain text: dianoia-11709.txt item: #13 of 56 id: dianoia-11727 author: Beaudin Pearson, Natasha title: Merleau-Ponty and Barthes on Image Consciousness: Probing the (Im)possibility of Meaning date: 2019-10-02 words: 4011 flesch: 61 summary: Spectators might be wounded by different punctums, which are, as Barthes puts it, “outside of meaning. Hill and Wang, 1981), 26. 4 Barthes, Camera Lucida, 19-20. 9Issue VI ◆ Spring 2019 Merleau-Ponty and Barthes on Image Consciousness unity” of the world,5 Barthes contends that “since every photograph is contingent (and thereby outside of meaning), photography cannot signify (aim at a generality) except by assuming a mask. keywords: barthes; freud; ibid; meaning; merleau; ponty; punctum cache: dianoia-11727.pdf plain text: dianoia-11727.txt item: #14 of 56 id: dianoia-11729 author: Chambers, Brendan title: Phenomenological Reproduction in Thompson and Mailer's New Journalism date: 2019-10-02 words: 7198 flesch: 46 summary: The March, for Mailer, is an almost incommunicably chaotic event; however, by placing himself at the center of it in his retelling, he builds an image of Norman Mailer which, though at times confusing and complex, is nonetheless solid. The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College Upon arrival at this climactic scene, the first detail that Mailer notes is the chaotic mix of cymbals, chanting, and spoken word played by the Fugs. keywords: eason; experience; ibid; image; journalism; mailer; new; novel; reader; reality; thompson; world cache: dianoia-11729.pdf plain text: dianoia-11729.txt item: #15 of 56 id: dianoia-11731 author: Gavaris, Peter title: The Horror of the Real: Filmic Form, The Century, and Fritz Lang's M date: 2019-10-02 words: 3681 flesch: 59 summary: Therefore, the frame is at once finite—and infinite—and this constitutive contradiction lies at the heart of the medium, which makes film the definitive art form of the century, and an object of curiosity for theorists like Benjamin and Badiou. Badiou’s reluctance to take up film as an “art of subtraction” that does not inherently eschew interiority is somewhat disappointing. keywords: art; badiou; beckert; century; film; real cache: dianoia-11731.pdf plain text: dianoia-11731.txt item: #16 of 56 id: dianoia-11733 author: Cardoza, Ryan title: Cognition, Domination and Complexity: A Speculative Outline of Intersections Between Cognitive Activity and Structures of Control, and their Relation to Dynamics of Complexity and Simplicity date: 2019-10-02 words: 7753 flesch: 49 summary: Stratification will be a useful concept, because we can use it to talk about the convergence of certain tendencies two different levels of matter without equivocating between levels. 47Issue VI ◆ Spring 2019 Cognition, Domination and Complexity the nature of stratification at the other level; there is no equivocation between levels, only an “isomorphism without correspondence”5 between the two. 3) Scientific Conceptualization; Physics In his Will to Power, Friedrich Nietzsche writes that “Thinking in primitive conditions (pre-organic) is the crystallization of forms, as in the case of a crystal.—In our thought, the essential feature is fitting new material into old schemas (=Procrustes’ bed), making equal what is new. keywords: chaos; collapse; complex; control; level; new; simplicity; world; york cache: dianoia-11733.pdf plain text: dianoia-11733.txt item: #17 of 56 id: dianoia-11737 author: Wade, Maxwell title: Walter Benjamin's "Über den Begriff der Geschichte" and the Marxist Tradition date: 2019-10-02 words: 6237 flesch: 55 summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College Perhaps one of the most basic difficulties in Benjamin scholarship with “On the Concept of History” is the plethora of interpretations around it, many of which contradict each other. A Companion to the Works of Walter Benjamin. keywords: benjamin; engels; history; ibid; marx; marxism; past; text; time; walter cache: dianoia-11737.pdf plain text: dianoia-11737.txt item: #18 of 56 id: dianoia-11739 author: Vidal, Gabriel title: Patočka's Critique of Husserl: The Possibility of A-Subjective Phenomenology date: 2019-10-02 words: 7060 flesch: 52 summary: This is pure direction of consciousness towards the object—or intentionality—is the only thing that we can properly affirm about consciousness.13 This allows Husserl to affirm that constitution does not equal the construction of the object: the act is not, in some way, the absorption of the object inside a closed in consciousness, but is rather the appearance of the object to 7 Edmund Husserl, Logical Investigations (Routledge, 2013). 8 Dan Zahavi, Husserl’s Phenomenology (Stanford University Press, 2003), 8–9. 9 Robert Hanna, “Husserl’s Arguments against Logical Psychologism,” Edmund Husserl: Logische Untersuchungen, 2008, 78. keywords: appearance; consciousness; husserl; ibid; object; patočka; phenomenology; subject; thing; way cache: dianoia-11739.pdf plain text: dianoia-11739.txt item: #19 of 56 id: dianoia-11741 author: Casey, Myles title: Book Review: Discomfort and Moral Impediment by Julio Cabrera (Cambridge Scholars Publishing: 2019) date: 2019-10-02 words: 3116 flesch: 31 summary: Cabrera then turns to more ontological considerations of human being, in chapters 2 and 3, to articulate his concept of “negative ethics,” the question of discomfort, and the status of “value” in human life. 93Issue VI ◆ Spring 2019 Review of Discomfort and Moral Impediment (Julio Cabrera) human being as having a non-exhaustive trifold structure—[a] human life, from birth has a “decaying” structure that can end at any point; [b] human life’s decaying-being is characterized by three kinds of “frictions’—physical pain, discouragement (i.e., the possibility of “lacking the will” to continue to be), and “exposure to the aggressions of other humans”; [c] the ability to react against the two aforementioned structural aspects by “positive value creation” (23). keywords: cabrera; creation; human; life; value cache: dianoia-11741.pdf plain text: dianoia-11741.txt item: #20 of 56 id: dianoia-11743 author: Klapes, Peter title: Author Biographies date: 2019-10-02 words: 734 flesch: 38 summary: He is also interested in contemporary developments in realism and rationalism in Continental philosophy, especially those influenced by Deleuze. 98 C O N T R IB U T O R S NATASHA BEAUDIN PEARSON McGill University Natasha keywords: boston; philosophy; university cache: dianoia-11743.pdf plain text: dianoia-11743.txt item: #21 of 56 id: dianoia-11745 author: Klapes, Peter title: A Letter from the Editor date: 2019-10-02 words: 694 flesch: 50 summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College represents, indeed, the world’s finest undergraduate work in philosophy. I am certain that such training will continue to influence our annual review and will continue to keep us firmly in our position as a top journal of undergraduate work in philosophy. keywords: dianoia; philosophy cache: dianoia-11745.pdf plain text: dianoia-11745.txt item: #22 of 56 id: dianoia-11963 author: Klapes, Peter title: Full Text date: 2019-12-27 words: 40783 flesch: 51 summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College attempts to add a thing-like essence (a thing that acts, thinks, and wants),54 in such a way that constitutes a special thing between other things that lack a self or ego. For example, the innovation of the photograph is “the first truly revolutionary means of reproduction […which] for the first time in world history, technological reproducibility emancipates the work of art from its parasitic subservience to ritual.” keywords: appearance; barthes; benjamin; boston; cabrera; century; college; complex; consciousness; dianoia; experience; fact; history; human; husserl; ibid; image; journal; level; life; mailer; marx; meaning; merleau; new; object; order; patočka; phenomenology; philosophy; ponty; press; reader; reality; self; spring; subject; thing; thompson; thought; time; undergraduate; university; way; work; world cache: dianoia-11963.pdf plain text: dianoia-11963.txt item: #23 of 56 id: dianoia-11967 author: Klapes, Peter title: Masthead date: 2019-12-27 words: 182 flesch: 27 summary: Editor-in-Chief: Peter Klapes Senior Managing Editor: Noah Valdez Managing Editors: Weitao Liu, Ethan Yates General Editors: Benjamin Dewhurst, Christopher Fahey, Jennifer Howard, Gregory Kacergis, Brian Kominick, Ana Luque, Elizabeth LoPreiato, Jacob Schick, Alexander Turney, Lauren White, Madeline Wolfe, Xinyu Zhou External Reviewers: Jeremy Freudberg (Boston University), Justin Messmer (Boston University), Tristan St. Germain (Brown University), Alexander Stooshinoff (Concordia University) Communications Editor: Jessica Flores Graduate Advisor: Myles Casey Faculty Advisor: Ronald Tacelli, S.J. Cover designs courtesy of Gregory Kacergis. The materials herein represent the personal opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Dianoia or Boston College. keywords: boston; university cache: dianoia-11967.pdf plain text: dianoia-11967.txt item: #24 of 56 id: dianoia-12721 author: Valdez, Noah title: Author Biographies date: 2020-09-29 words: 488 flesch: 46 summary: On the side, he also likes to dabble in political philosophy and has recently started to become interested in mathematical logic. Her academic interests include political philosophy, particularly the philosophy of law and legal authority. keywords: philosophy; university cache: dianoia-12721.pdf plain text: dianoia-12721.txt item: #25 of 56 id: dianoia-12723 author: Valdez, Noah title: Acknowledgements date: 2020-09-29 words: 112 flesch: 21 summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College would like to extend our sincerest thanks to the following individuals for their assistance in making this issue of Dianoia possible: Mary Crane, Institute for the Liberal Arts Jacqueline Delgado, Center for Centers Susan Dunn, Center for Centers Gabriel Feldstein, BC Libraries Stephen Jarjoura, Information Technology Services Peter Marino, Center for Centers Cherie McGill, Philosophy Department Sarah Melton, BC Libraries Dermot Moran, Philosophy Department John O'Connor, BC Libraries Paula Perry, Philosophy Department Sarah Smith, Philosophy Department We would also like to thank Dr. Ronald Tacelli, S.J., of the Boston College Philosophy Department, for his invaluable assistance as our advisor. keywords: philosophy cache: dianoia-12723.pdf plain text: dianoia-12723.txt item: #26 of 56 id: dianoia-12727 author: Valdez, Noah title: A Letter From the Editor date: 2020-09-29 words: 755 flesch: 43 summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College Spring 2020 Dear Reader, It is with great honor and pride that I present to you Issue VII of Dianoia: In the interest of philosophically engaging with COVID-19—a feat still quite rare in the early days of the virus—Dianoia is pleased to present an interview with the Joseph Chair in Catholic Philosophy and current Chair of the Department of Philosophy at Boston College, Dermot Moran, speaking on the pandemic and its assorted effects on everyday life. keywords: dianoia; journal; philosophy cache: dianoia-12727.pdf plain text: dianoia-12727.txt item: #27 of 56 id: dianoia-12729 author: Ruparelia, Abhi title: Virtue, Silencing and Perception date: 2020-09-29 words: 5171 flesch: 51 summary: That is, owing to the fact that there are no genuine losses on the part of the virtuous agent in failing to choose the non-virtuous reasons under rational silencing, none of the agent’s motivational energies are enticed in favor of non-virtuous considerations under motivational silencing. Analogously, the virtuous agent may perhaps acknowledge the existence of non-virtuous considerations – he might know that they exist – but he surely does not know what they are. keywords: agent; aristotle; considerations; mcdowell; person; silencing; virtue cache: dianoia-12729.pdf plain text: dianoia-12729.txt item: #28 of 56 id: dianoia-12731 author: Tseng, Sherry title: The Epistemic Injustice of Ex Contradictione Quodlibet date: 2020-09-29 words: 4121 flesch: 42 summary: As the future of AI is intrinsically bound to formal logic, the consequences of epistemic injustice will only become more evident and tangible lest we adopt some form of paraconsistent logic and adhere to logical pluralism. The assumption of triviality from contradiction in formal logic makes it such that the contradictions found within natural language on our social identities equally trivializes those contradictory aspects, and thereby, inflicts an epistemic injustice. keywords: alex; contradictione; injustice; logic; quodlibet; social; triviality cache: dianoia-12731.pdf plain text: dianoia-12731.txt item: #29 of 56 id: dianoia-12733 author: Bu, Chenyu title: Sound as Silence: Nothingness in the Music of Anton Webern and John Cage date: 2020-09-29 words: 4602 flesch: 57 summary: 2 Charles B. Guignon, and Derk Pereboom, Existentialism: Basic Writings, (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2001), 325. 37Issue VII ◆ Spring 2020 Sound as Silence The notion of the silence of the infinite space invoked by Pascal, however, sheds light upon a broader interpretation of Sartrean nothingness beyond the paradigm of being; namely, to the world of sound. The phrase “total sound-space” refers to John Cage’s discussion of sound: John Cage, Silence: lectures and writings, (Wesleyan University Press, 1961), 9. 4 Charles B. Guignon, and Derk Pereboom, Existentialism: Basic Writings, (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2001), 310. 5 Ibid, Pg. keywords: cage; john; non; nothingness; relation; silence; sound cache: dianoia-12733.pdf plain text: dianoia-12733.txt item: #30 of 56 id: dianoia-12735 author: Gillette, Caroline title: Human (and) Nature: Using Arendt to Reconcile Models of Environmental Ethics date: 2020-09-29 words: 4130 flesch: 55 summary: Many have criticized this model because the human obligation to protect the environment is derived from humankind’s role as nature’s divinely appointed (yet anthropocentric and paternalistic) caretakers, but not due to any special dignity that nature has in and of itself.33 Even if humans were the perfect stewards—and they certainly are not—some argue that viewing nature as subordinate to and in service of humanity inevitably leads humans to exploit it.34 There is no obligation in this model to protect nature in ways that are not eventually useful to man, because nature’s value is a consequence of its service to man, leading many environmentalists to prefer a model that views nature as valuable in its own right. In The Human Condition, Hannah Arendt implicitly oscillates between two paradigms that relate the human to nature. keywords: arendt; earth; human; ibid; man; model; nature cache: dianoia-12735.pdf plain text: dianoia-12735.txt item: #31 of 56 id: dianoia-12737 author: Montero, Felipe Daniel title: Art, Technology and Truth in the Thought of Martin Heidegger date: 2020-09-29 words: 4668 flesch: 52 summary: : a translation of Gelassenheit, (New York, Harper & Row, 1959) 4 Iain D. Thomson, Heidegger, Art, and Postmodernity, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012), 110 5 Martin Heidegger, “Vom Ursprung des Kunstwerks: Erste Ausarbeitung” Heidegger Studies Vol. 5 (1989): 5-22. We must take into account that even if the ancient Greeks could be said to have damaged nature just as much as the English did in the times of Francis Bacon, the difference between the two of them— and of unique interest to Heidegger—is how from a certain historical horizon nature can be seen as something to be dominated, which is clearly incompatible with the Greek conception of physis.10 9 Martin Heidegger, Vorträge und Aufsätze, (Frankfurt am Main: Vittorio Klostermann, 2000), 17. keywords: art; earth; heidegger; ihde; new; technology; work; york cache: dianoia-12737.pdf plain text: dianoia-12737.txt item: #32 of 56 id: dianoia-12739 author: Moran, Dermot title: Interview with Dermot Moran date: 2020-09-29 words: 3372 flesch: 61 summary: And that’s interesting too, continental people tend to be more interested in the arts and literature, and analytic philosophers often want to be piggybacking on science, mathematics, logic and so on. I think initially people in the West thought about this as a local problem in China, and there was a lot of misinformation initially; for example, that COVID-19 was no worse than the common flu, or that some would build immunity to it, but in fact it’s ten times more deadly than the seasonal flu. keywords: heidegger; moran; people; phenomenology; philosophy cache: dianoia-12739.pdf plain text: dianoia-12739.txt item: #33 of 56 id: dianoia-12741 author: Valdez, Noah title: Masthead date: 2020-09-29 words: 223 flesch: 36 summary: I AThe Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College Spring 2020 ISSUE VII διανοια Editor-in-Chief: Noah Valdez Senior Managing Editor: Ethan Yates Managing Editors: Nicholas Arozarena, Weitao Liu, Lauren White General Editors: Nicholas Avallone, Kathryn Bryson, Jacob Browning, Carolyn Chang, Yang Cheng, Benjamin Dewhurst, Lucy Hanson, Emily Haverstick, Wenyu Huang, Qihui Liu, Yue Liu, Elizabeth LoPreiato, Alexandria Mullen, Jacob Schick, Drew Thorburn, Maxwell Vogliano External Reviewers: Arabella Adams (Wellesley College), Nathan Evans (University of Northern Colorado), Tyler Hruby (Carleton College), Tristan St. Germain (Brown University) The materials herein represent the personal opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Dianoia or Boston College. keywords: boston; college cache: dianoia-12741.pdf plain text: dianoia-12741.txt item: #34 of 56 id: dianoia-13701 author: Valdez, Noah title: Letter From The Editor date: 2021-05-11 words: 676 flesch: 57 summary: The union of these two pieces—from Bacon’s isolation to Yakovlev’s horizon of community—is a fitting image for our gradual return to a pre-COVID-19 lifestyle, and we enthusiastically look forward to holding future publication symposia in-person, to meetings on campus, and to seeing journal friends again, both old and new. Spring 2021 To the Reader, Welcome to Issue VIII of Dianoia: keywords: dianoia; journal cache: dianoia-13701.pdf plain text: dianoia-13701.txt item: #35 of 56 id: dianoia-15479 author: Arıcı, Burak title: The Nature of Human Knowledge in Light of Empiricism After a Critique of Kantian Epistemology date: 2022-06-01 words: 7548 flesch: 53 summary: The Nature of Human Knowledge ˸˽ ˵́ ̃˽ ˵ THE NATURE OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE in Light of Empiricism After a Critique of Kantian Epistemology BURAK ARICI At this point, it becomes possible to address a conceptual scheme which consists of the concepts “a priori, a posteriori, analytic, and synthetic” by their combination in the expression of human knowledge. keywords: analytic; analyticity; experience; knowledge; priori; synthetic; world cache: dianoia-15479.pdf plain text: dianoia-15479.txt item: #36 of 56 id: dianoia-15481 author: Wu, Megan title: The Justification-Application Spectrum date: 2021-05-02 words: 4581 flesch: 36 summary: As Young de!nes it, temporality concerns the historical processes (change, continuity, and interaction with other groups) that have contributed to group identi#cation;18 it is therefore essential, Young argues, that dialogue participants consider temporality in their comprehension of asymmetries between participants. As a way of reconciling or navigating an interplay between the Generalized and Concrete others, Benhabib proposes the idea of communicative ethics, which consists of the following four principles:7 1. keywords: benhabib; concrete; dialogue; ethics; identity; participants; reciprocity cache: dianoia-15481.pdf plain text: dianoia-15481.txt item: #37 of 56 id: dianoia-15483 author: Agarwal, Yash title: Don't Get Hung Up in the Middle date: 2022-06-01 words: 5186 flesch: 66 summary: Bernstein argues that middle level entities like iPhones, toasters, and amoebae have an (prima facie) advantage over the fundamental entity(ies) posited by top- ists (the cosmos) and bottom-ists (mereological atoms). ! I object by saying that the list of middle level entities is indeterminate. ! keywords: atoms; entities; ism; ist; level; middle cache: dianoia-15483.pdf plain text: dianoia-15483.txt item: #38 of 56 id: dianoia-15485 author: Locke, Rebekah title: Heroes or Villains? date: 2022-06-01 words: 6447 flesch: 61 summary: e state itself may not be corrupt or willfully blind, but, because of forces out of the state’s control or mistakes made along the way, the state has failed to completely uphold its duties, becoming a pseudo-state of nature. Harel’s integrationist justi#cation of state sanctions does have force in the situations in which it applies, but this theory of punishment justi#cation simply does not pertain to actions in a pseudo-state of nature. keywords: executive; nature; pseudo; punishment; right; state; vigilante; vigilantism cache: dianoia-15485.pdf plain text: dianoia-15485.txt item: #39 of 56 id: dianoia-16457 author: Loper, Tanner title: Letter From the Editor date: 2023-04-26 words: 420 flesch: 61 summary: 5Issue X ◆ Spring 2023 δι ά νο ιαDear Reader, April 26th, 2023I am pleased to present Issue X of Dianoia: the Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College. On the release of this tenth issue of Dianoia, I cannot help but to pause and express my sincere gratitude for all who made this possible. keywords: issue; philosophy cache: dianoia-16457.pdf plain text: dianoia-16457.txt item: #40 of 56 id: dianoia-16463 author: Fried, Gregory; Kelly, Patrick title: Interview with Professor Gregory Fried: Towards a Polemical Ethics: Between Heidegger and Plato date: 2023-06-08 words: 3825 flesch: 65 summary: Heidegger traces that weakness back to Greek thinking, starting with Plato, which sees the world as divided between historical reality—the shadows of the cave that we live in—and the realm of philosophical truth, the realm of the Ideas, which philosophy can bring us to as the true world beyond our historical experience in which there are everlasting truths that transcend us. The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College δι ά νο ια AN INTERVIEW WITH GREGORY FRIED, PH.D., PROFESSOR OF PHILOSOPHY AT BOSTON COLLEGE Towards a Polemical Ethics: Between Heidegger and Plato I think for Plato and for Socrates, the philosophical life is a constant striving to seek that enlightenment: to try our utmost to transcend our historical circumstances, even knowing that we will ultimately fail. keywords: cave; heidegger; philosophy; plato cache: dianoia-16463.pdf plain text: dianoia-16463.txt item: #41 of 56 id: dianoia-16465 author: Beesley, Brandon title: An Analysis of the Overlooked Value of Greatness date: 2023-04-26 words: 5750 flesch: 49 summary: Binghamton (NY: Vail-Ballou Press, 1924): 21. 4 Amy Allen, “Feminist Perspectives on Power,” e Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2022 Edition): 1. 5 Johanna Oksala, “Feminism and Power,” e Routledge Companion to Feminist Philosophy, (2017): 680. 6 Oksala, “Feminism and Power,” 681. 59Issue X ◆ Spring 2023 An Analysis of the Overlooked Value of Greatness GREATNESS AND ITS VALUE AS POWER: e power and in#uence these two men speci!cally possessed was immense, yet without morality to guide them, such power lent itself to atrocities rather than greatness. keywords: care; expression; feminist; greatness; in#uence; nietzsche; power; value; virtue cache: dianoia-16465.pdf plain text: dianoia-16465.txt item: #42 of 56 id: dianoia-16595 author: Bickerstaff, Gabriel title: Hermeneutics of Heraclitus: Allowing Concept Flux date: 2023-04-26 words: 5532 flesch: 51 summary: Companioning as a hermeneutical approach would free one from making a claim regarding Heraclitus’s intended philosophical meaning – allowing there to be a distance between what Heraclitus may have meant and what his fragments bring to mind for the contemporary reader. The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College δι ά νο ια HERMENEUTICS OF HERACLITUS Allowing Concept Flux GABRIEL BICKERSTAFF Conjoinings: wholes and not wholes, converging and diverging, harmonious dissonant; and out of all things one, and out of one all things.1 –Heraclitus A thought exercise by which to consider the meaning of the above fragment might leave one feeling that there is more unsaid than said, or wondering what Heraclitus is speaking in reference to. keywords: companioning; desmond; hadot; halapsis; heraclitus; kahn; philosophy; thought cache: dianoia-16595.pdf plain text: dianoia-16595.txt item: #43 of 56 id: dianoia-16597 author: Lee, Minjun title: How Can We Reach the True Definition of Something? Essence, Definition, and Teleology in Aristole's Metaphysics date: 2023-04-26 words: 8287 flesch: 71 summary: e other one represents the achievement that can be made when we know the true end of a thing—that is, true denition. e denition of something is the account of its essence. keywords: aristotle; de"nition; di#erentia; end; essence; genus; human; ultimate cache: dianoia-16597.pdf plain text: dianoia-16597.txt item: #44 of 56 id: dianoia-16599 author: Vaughan, Alison title: A Superior Natural Law Theory in the Works of Johannes Althusius date: 2023-04-26 words: 7530 flesch: 60 summary: Perhaps he would claim the Roman law he cites for duties to self is su%ciently in alignment with common law to be considered natural law. Behavioral guidelines and the tenets of associational happiness cement both public and private life in his polity, and Althusius underpins these discussions with a theory of natural law. keywords: althusius; duties; god; johannes; justice; law; politica; right; rst; self; system; theory cache: dianoia-16599.pdf plain text: dianoia-16599.txt item: #45 of 56 id: dianoia-16601 author: Toensing, Lauren title: Kant's Racial and Moral Theories: The Importance of a Teleological Perspective date: 2023-04-26 words: 7615 flesch: 47 summary: It is often observed that the works of Immanuel Kant contain many propagations of racist and prejudiced beliefs, which seem to have been sincerely held by Kant himself. 1 Immanuel Kant, “Toward Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch,” Essay, in Toward Perpetual Peace and Other Writings on Politics, Peace, and History, edited by Pauline Kleingeld, translated by Jeremy Waldron, Michael W. Doyle, Allen W. Wood, and David L. Colclasure, 67–109, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006, 82. 2 Pauline Kleingeld, “Kant’s Second !oughts on Colonialism,” essay, in Kant and Colonialism: Historical and Critical Perspectives, edited by Katrin Flikschuh and Lea Ypi, 43–67, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, 573. 3 Lucy Allais, “Kant’s Racism,” Philosophical Papers 45, no. 1-2 (2016): 1–36, https://doi.org/10.1080/05568641.2 016.1199170, 30. 72 Dianoia: keywords: ethics; history; human; kant; nature; peace; racism; reason cache: dianoia-16601.pdf plain text: dianoia-16601.txt item: #46 of 56 id: dianoia-9866 author: Klapes, Peter title: Masthead date: 2017-05-05 words: 203 flesch: 48 summary: The materials herein represent the personal opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Dianoia or Boston College. Dianoia The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College Spring 2017 Issue IV Boston College 140 Commonwealth Avenue Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 www.bc.edu/schools/cas/philosophy/undergrad-program/dianoia.html Printed by Progressive Print Solutions © 2017 keywords: editors cache: dianoia-9866.pdf plain text: dianoia-9866.txt item: #47 of 56 id: dianoia-9867 author: Lombardo, Thomas J.; Klapes, Peter; Pino, Jordan title: A Letter from the Editors date: 2017-05-05 words: 444 flesch: 57 summary: The front cover hosts Virgil Solis’ Philosophy Enthroned, while the back cover features Kandinsky’s Rain Landscape as well as his Four Parts. Much like those aforementioned, the philosophers referenced in this collection of essays have made their own unique contribution to the pursuit of wisdom. keywords: essays; philosophy cache: dianoia-9867.pdf plain text: dianoia-9867.txt item: #48 of 56 id: dianoia-9868 author: Klapes, Peter title: Acknowledgements date: 2017-05-05 words: 146 flesch: 18 summary: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College would like to extend our sincerest thanks to the following individuals for their assistance in making this issue of Dianoia possible: Nancy Adams, BC Libraries Margaret Bakalo, Philosophy/Lonergan Center Mary Crane, Institute for the Liberal Arts RoseMarie DeLeo, Philosophy Susan Dunn, Center for Centers Rev. Gary Gurtler, S.J., Philosophy Stephen Jarjoura, Information Technology Services Peter Marnino, Center for Centers Jane Morris, BC Libraries Michelle Muccini, Center for Centers Paula Perry, Philosophy Catherine Wechsler, Media Technology Services We would like to extend a very special thank you to Eileen Sweeney of B.C.’s Philosophy Department for her continued support and her encouragement to restart Dianoia after having gone out of print for several years and to Rev. Ronald Tacelli, S.J., also of B.C. Philosophy, for his invaluable assistance as our faculty advisor. 104 The Editorial Staff of Dianoia: keywords: philosophy cache: dianoia-9868.pdf plain text: dianoia-9868.txt item: #49 of 56 id: dianoia-9869 author: Andrade, Bernardo Portilho title: Looks, Gestures, and Words: Skepticism and the Ethical in Cavell and Levinas date: 2017-05-05 words: 9638 flesch: 59 summary: In other words, these are the criteria that establish what it means to be a goldfinch. In other words, it stands as a permanent possibility that the hammer could have caused a wholly distinct pain in your finger, and my inability to have your pain stops me from either confirming or denying it. keywords: cavell; criteria; knowledge; language; lear; levinas; love; pain; philosophy; skepticism; words cache: dianoia-9869.pdf plain text: dianoia-9869.txt item: #50 of 56 id: dianoia-9870 author: Fitzgerald, Martin title: The Fructifying Ray: Considering Kandinskian Artistic Creation Through the Hegelian Alienated Consciousness date: 2017-05-05 words: 9467 flesch: 61 summary: Instead, it is the unique role of the artist to make spiritual values available to non-artists. Consciously or unconsciously, from this moment man seeks a material form for this new spiritual value that lives in spiritual form within him. keywords: artist; composition; consciousness; form; kandinsky; spiritual; value; work cache: dianoia-9870.pdf plain text: dianoia-9870.txt item: #51 of 56 id: dianoia-9871 author: Chiodini, Clare title: G.K. Chesterton and the Quest for Heideggerian Authenticity date: 2017-05-05 words: 6477 flesch: 57 summary: 13 Idle Talk can be understood as the existential of discourse as a character of fallen Dasein; it is discourse submitted to the control of the ‘they’. Fallen Dasein is Dasein which, existentially, has not understood itself in terms of its own possibilities. keywords: dasein; death; heidegger; ibid; possibilities; possibility cache: dianoia-9871.pdf plain text: dianoia-9871.txt item: #52 of 56 id: dianoia-9872 author: Janakiefski, Kelly title: Preserving Human Freedom: Aquinas on Divine Transcendence and Creaturely Contingency date: 2017-05-05 words: 4487 flesch: 58 summary: 56 δι αν οι α PRESERVING HUMAN FREEDOM: Aquinas on Divine Transcendence and Creaturely Contingency KELLY JANAKIEFSKI I. INTRODUCTION Thomas Aquinas, in his thoroughly Catholic philosophical and theological system, was committed to each of the following principles: that God foreknows all events, even future contingents; that God causes the being of all things, even contingent effects; and that the creatures He creates act contingently in accordance with their free will. With respect to the question of the relationship between divine knowledge, divine causation, and creaturely contingency, Goris nicely sums up the heart of Aquinas’ position: “God’s incomprehensible, eternal mode of being allows us to say that events which are future and contingent, and hence indeterminate in themselves and in relation to us, are present and determinate in relation to God. keywords: aquinas; cause; god; goris; knowledge cache: dianoia-9872.pdf plain text: dianoia-9872.txt item: #53 of 56 id: dianoia-9873 author: Mwakima, Mghanga David title: Is Geometry Analytic? date: 2017-05-05 words: 6494 flesch: 50 summary: In classical mechanics, for example, Euclidean geometry was used in kinematics by “building bridge equations”20 from pure Euclidean geometry to physics. While it is true to say that when Euclidean geometry is applied to our physical space, it turns out to be incorrect; it does not follow that pure Euclidean geometry itself is false and that it was abandoned. keywords: ayer; euclidean; geometry; kant; priori; putnam cache: dianoia-9873.pdf plain text: dianoia-9873.txt item: #54 of 56 id: dianoia-9874 author: Pressman, Fisher title: Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Alex Garland: Human Consciousness in Ex Machina date: 2017-05-05 words: 5050 flesch: 61 summary: It is fascinating that while Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology explains AI through embodied experience, other notable philosophers have used his phenomenology to criticize the notion of non-human human consciousness. 12 Kearney, “Maurice Merleau-Ponty” in Modern Movements of European Philosophy, p. 73. 81Issue IV F Spring 2017 Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Alex Garland opening the cogito to the world around it. keywords: ava; body; garland; human; merleau; ponty; world cache: dianoia-9874.pdf plain text: dianoia-9874.txt item: #55 of 56 id: dianoia-9875 author: Engelman, Robert title: Jimi Hendrix: Creolization and the Re-Imagined Black Authentic date: 2017-05-05 words: 5859 flesch: 42 summary: To apply Waksman’s notion to Hendrix, we see that Hendrix began his musical development with the blues tradition, which is entangled with African- 27 Waksman, “Black Sound, Black Body: Jimi Hendrix, the Electric Guitar, and the Meanings of Blackness,” p. 88. By adopting the métissage framework of cultural Relation to analyze Jimi Hendrix as a reflexively hybrid artist rather than a ‘crossover’ artist, we can better understand his creative development and evaluate his cultural agency. keywords: american; authenticity; black; blackness; cultures; glissant; hendrix; jimi; race cache: dianoia-9875.pdf plain text: dianoia-9875.txt item: #56 of 56 id: dianoia-9876 author: Klapes, Peter title: Contributors date: 2017-05-05 words: 743 flesch: 51 summary: She is currently a junior at Boston University, double majoring in Philosophy and Ancient Greek & Latin. ROBERT ENGELMAN Boston University ‘17 Robert Engelman is a senior at Boston University where he is completing a double major in Philosophy and Psychology. keywords: college; philosophy; university cache: dianoia-9876.pdf plain text: dianoia-9876.txt