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Pitkänen, M., Introduction

Article

Introduction

Matti Pitkänen 1

Abstract

This second series of articles are devoted to TGD inspired ideas related to biological evolution.
In the first article the basic facts believed to be known about pre-biotic evolution are discussed
and the TGD inspired vision about prebiotic evolution is introduced. In the second article a TGD
inspired physical model for the genetic code and its evolution is introduced and McFadden’s views are
compared with TGD views. In the third article a general vision about biological evolution, evolution
of brain, and cultural evolution is discussed. In the fourth article quantum variant of expanding Earth
model and Pre-Cambrian evolution of continents, climate, and life is developed. The ideas are highly
speculative and challenge the existing beliefs, and the defense is that they follow rather naturally
from the basic TGD.

This second series of articles are devoted to TGD inspired ideas related to biological evolution as it
might have occurred in TGD Universe. TGD inspired vision about quantum biology and consciousness
has evolved during last two decades and reader might benefit of having a brief summary about the process
and its outcome.

1. The original inspiration came from the notion of many-sheeted space-time and the failure of strict
non-determinism for the basic variational principle dictating the dynamics of space-time-surfaces.
The study of the preferred exremals of Kähler action demonstrated that the notion of classical field
differs from that of electrodynamics. Topological field quantization meaning that field decomposes
to magnetic flux quanta, electric flux quanta, and topological light rays analogous to laser beams
takes place and means that space-time surface itself is quantized. This has profound implications:
for instance topological light rays parallel to magnetic flux tubes make possible precisely target
communications with maximal signal velocity and without dispersion. Each physical system is
accompanied by a field body and magnetic body becomes especially interesting in the case of living
systems and allows to understand various strange findings about the effects of ELF em fields on
living matter - one of the first biological applications that emerged already around 2000 in its
preliminary form [?]tubuc.

One of the first applications of the many-sheeted space-time was to the description of DNA as
many-sheeted structure [?]genecodec. The modular structure of genome could be understood if
genes are accompanied by magnetic flux tubes carrying also helical electric fields and electronic
supra currents: this implies a direct connection with the TGD based explanation of DC currents of
Becker [13].

2. The conjecture that dark matter in TGD Universe corresponds to a hierarchy of phases of ordinary
matter characterized by an effective value of Planck constant ~eff coming as an integer multiple of
ordinary Planck constant emerged around 2005. It inspired the vision that macroscopically quantum
coherent dark matter in macroscopic quantum coherence with large Planck constant can be seen
as an intentional agent using biological body as a motor instrument and sensory receptor. This
explains EEG and its various scaled up variants as communication and control tools of the system
formed by magnetic body and biological body [2].

This conjecture is especially interesting if one wants to understand DNA and the basic processes
such as transcription, translation, and replication. The phase transitions changing Planck constant

1Correspondence: Matti Pitkänen http://tgdtheory.com/. Address: Köydenpunojankatu 2 D 11 10940, Hanko, Finland.
Email: matpitka@luukku.com.

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DNA Decipher Journal | June 2013 | Volume 3 | Issue 2 | pp. 122-125 123

Pitkänen, M., Introduction

imply scaling of quantum lengths and in the case of magnetic body should correspond to processes
in which flux tubes change their length correspondingly. This provides a mechanism of biocatalysis
based if biomolecules and also other biological structures are connected by magnetic flux tubes
to form a kind of Indra’s net. The reconnections of magnetic flux tubes provide second control
mechanism and the reconnection process for the flux tubes of disjoint magnetic bodies could be
seen as space-time correlate for directed attention involving generation of quantum coherence in the
scale of the resulting system.

One of the implications is the identification of biophotons as ordinary photons resulting when dark
photons transform to ordinary photons with the same energy [?]persconsc,biophotonslian. Dark
photons - rather than biophotons - would be the basic signalling and control tool in living matter
and biophotons would represent kind of leakage. The hierarchy of Planck constants suggests that
great leaps in evolution mean emergence of new levels to the hierarchy of Planck constants. Also the
notion of collective gene expression is highly suggestive, and suggests that cultural/social evolution
corresponds to the evolution of magnetic body. DNA as topological quantum computer is one of
the applications.

Cyclotron Bose-Einstein condensates at the magnetic flux tubes and dark photons with low cyclotron
frequencies (even in EEG range and below) but energies above thermal threshold are expected to
be important in living matter. Also Josephson junctions - at least the junction formed by the
lipid layers of cell membrane - are assumed to play key role. This picture leads also to a quantum
models of nerve pulse and EEG [?]pulse,eegdark. The frequencies of Josephson photons are inversely
proportional to ~eff so that even the radiation in EEG frequency range can be interpreted as dark
Josephson radiation generated by cell membrane.

3. Also p-adic physics has served as a source of inspiration. One of the big ideas was that p-adic
space-time sheets could serve as geometric correlates of intentions and cognitions representing the
”mind stuff” of Descartes. Mersenne primes and their Gaussian counterparts are of special interest
physically and the biologically especially interesting length scale range 10 nm-2.5 µm contains as
many as four Gaussian Mersennes. Furthermore, the Mersenne prime M127 = 2127 − 1 character-
izing electron corresponds to secondary p-adic time scale of .1 as and thus to 10 Hz fundamental
biorhythm.

These observations suggest that p-adic length scale hierarchy defines a hierarchy of control levels in
living matter. One particular application was motivated by the so called Combinatorial Hierarchy
emerging naturally from p-adic considerations and leading to the conjecture that besides genetic
code also memetic code assignale with the Mersenne primes M127 = 2127 − 1 with code words
consisting of 126 bits representable as sequences of 21 DNA codons might be associated with living
matter [?]genememec.

The notion of negentropic entanglement is one of the basic notions inspired by p-adic physics. Num-
ber theoretic entropy defined by Shannon’s formula by replacing the logariths of probabilities with
their p-adic norms is well-defined if the probabilities belong to algebraic extension of rationals. The
resulting entropy can be negative and has interpretation as a measure for the negentropy associated
with the entanglement carrying information as a rule telling which state pairs are correlated (ther-
modynamical entanglement entropy characterizes the lack of information about the state of either
entangled particle). Life as something residing in the intersection of real and p-adic worlds is the
emerging vision.

4. Zero energy ontology (ZEO) is also a notion that emerged around 2005. ZEO was inspired by the
failure of the strict determinims of Kähler action and also by the need to fuse real and p-adic physics
to a larger structure [?]tgdnumber. Causal diamond (CD) becomes the geometric correlate for the
spotlight of consciousness in ZEO. ZEO has led to a rather detailed view about quantum jump
identified as moment of consciousness in TGD inspired theory of consciousness [?]consccomparison.

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DNA Decipher Journal | June 2013 | Volume 3 | Issue 2 | pp. 122-125 124

Pitkänen, M., Introduction

The basic challenge has been the understanding of the relationship between subjective time define
by the sequence of quantum jumps and geometric time, and ZEO has led to a radical modification
of the basic beliefs about time [?]timenature. Quite recently it became clear that the sequence
of state function reductions to opposite boundaries of CD is very much analogous a sequence of
pairs consisting of sensory perception followed by motor action, and that this structure appears in
all scales. Furthermore, sensory perception and motor action can be seen as time reversals of each
other and one must generalize the second law of thermodynamics to a form in which thermodynamic
arrow of time corresponds to that for subjective time whereas the imbedding space arrow of time
is opposite for the zero energy states which result in the state function reduction to the opposite
boundaries of CD. Even the second law itself must be challenged.

5. In the earlier approach self was identified as quantum jump in conflict with the fact that self rep-
resents something which remains invariant in quantum jumps. Negentropic entanglement together
with Negentropy Maximization Principle (NMP) allows to have representations which are approxi-
mate invariants under quantum jump sequence. This suggests that self should be replaced with self
representation -”Akashic records”. The conscious reading of the representations is possible by inter-
action free measurements in arbitrarily good approximation and gives rise to declarative memories,
internal speech, and imagination. The necessary quantum jumps giving rise to the reflective level
of consciousness (internal speech and imagination) takes place for the ”detectors” absorbing the
dark photons (or dark phonons) scattered from the representation realized at the magnetic body.
The braiding of flux tubes provides a geometric correlate for the negentropic entanglement and the
”long” parts of closed flux tubes and large flux sheets carry the cyclotron Bose-Einstein condensates
defining the ”detectors” [?]consccomparison.

What happens if the representations are not read? Is there still a conscious experience? There
could be a conscious experience also in this case, and the reports of mystics about higher states
of consciousness suggest that it corresponds to an experience of understanding without ability to
express what it is that one understands: also the presence of invariant parts of under quantum jumps
could be experienced consciously but the contents of the experience would not be communicable.

One of the first applications of the notion of many-sheeted space-time was to the pre-biotic evolution
of the genetic code. Later the topic of the corresponding chapter [?]prebio was extended to evolution
in general. This issue contains four articles about about evolution in many-sheeted space-time. The
articles of this issue have been prepared from two chapters of ”Genes and Memes”: the first version of
[?]genememe has emerged during the period 2000-2006, and that of [?]expearth after 2006. The chapters
have been subject to a continual updating, and therefore reflect the development of general vision about
TGD. I have done my best to update the material and provide references to the recent TGD inspired
vision about quantum biology: yet there might be some internal inconsistencies present. I have also done
considerable work in removing obsolete arguments and added references to the recent understanding of
the situation. I hope that this makes it easier for the reader to develop an overall view about the theory.

In the first part the basic facts believed to be known about pre-biotic evolution are discussed and the
TGD inspired vision about prebiotic evolution is introduced. In the second part a TGD inspired physical
model for the genetic code and its evolution is introduced and McFadden’s views are compared with
TGD views. In the third part a general vision about biological evolution, evolution of brain, and cultural
evolution is discussed. In the fourth part quantum variant of expanding Earth model and Pre-Cambrian
evolution of continents, climate, and life is developed. The ideas are highly speculative and challenge the
existing beliefs, and the only defense form the is that they follow rather naturally from the basic TGD.

References

[1] M. Pitkänen. About Nature of Time. In TGD Inspired Theory of Consciousness. Onlinebook.
http://tgdtheory.com/public_html/tgdconsc/tgdconsc.html#timenature, 2006.

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DNA Decipher Journal | June 2013 | Volume 3 | Issue 2 | pp. 122-125 125

Pitkänen, M., Introduction

[2] M. Pitkänen. Dark Matter Hierarchy and Hierarchy of EEGs. In TGD and EEG. Onlinebook.
http://tgdtheory.com/public_html/tgdeeg/tgdeeg.html#eegdark, 2006.

[3] M. Pitkänen. Evolution in Many-Sheeted Space-Time. In Genes and Memes. Onlinebook. http:
//tgdtheory.com/public_html/genememe/genememe.html#prebio, 2006.

[4] M. Pitkänen. Genes and Memes. In Genes and Memes. Onlinebook. http://tgdtheory.com/

public_html/genememe/genememe.html#genememec, 2006.

[5] M. Pitkänen. Genes and Memes. Onlinebook. http://tgdtheory.com/public_html/genememe/
genememe.html, 2006.

[6] M. Pitkänen. Many-Sheeted DNA. In Genes and Memes. Onlinebook. http://tgdtheory.com/
public_html/genememe/genememe.html#genecodec, 2006.

[7] M. Pitkänen. Quantum Antenna Hypothesis. In Quantum Hardware of Living Matter. Onlinebook.
http://tgdtheory.com/public_html/bioware/bioware.html#tubuc, 2006.

[8] M. Pitkänen. Quantum Model for Nerve Pulse. In TGD and EEG. Onlinebook. http://tgdtheory.
com/public_html//tgdeeg/tgdeeg/tgdeeg.html#pulse, 2006.

[9] M. Pitkänen. TGD as a Generalized Number Theory. Onlinebook. http://tgdtheory.com/public_
html/tgdnumber/tgdnumber.html, 2006.

[10] M. Pitkänen. Are dark photons behind biophotons. In TGD based view about living mat-
ter and remote mental interactions. Onlinebook. http://tgdtheory.com/public_html/pdfpool/
biophotonslian.pdf, 2013.

[11] M. Pitkänen. Comments on the recent experiments by the group of Michael Persinger. In TGD
based view about living matter and remote mental interactions. Onlinebook. http://tgdtheory.

com/public_html/pdfpool/persconsc.pdf, 2013.

[12] M. Pitkänen. Comparison of TGD inspired theory of consciousness with some other theories of
consciousness. In TGD based view about living matter and remote mental interactions. Onlinebook.
http://tgdtheory.com/public_html/pdfpool/consccomparison.pdf, 2013.

[13] M. Pitkänen. Quantum Model for the Direct Currents of Becker. http://tgdtheory.com/public_
html/articles/DCbio.pdf, 2012.

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Published by QuantumDream, Inc.

http://tgdtheory.com/public_html/tgdeeg/tgdeeg.html#eegdark
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