Sebuah Kajian Pustaka: e-Journal of Linguistics Available online at https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eol/index Vol. 17, No. 1, January 2023, pages: 55--61 Print ISSN: 2541-5514 Online ISSN: 2442-7586 https://doi.org/10.24843/e-jl.2023.v17.i01.p07 55 Homonymy in "It Ends with Us" Novel by Colleen Hoover 1 Irham Aliyafi Siahaan, 2 Emeliya Sukma D. Damanik, 3 Lutfi Reynanda, 4 Rina Astari, 5 Winda Aulia 1 irhamsiahaan5@gmail.com, 2, emeliya@uinsu.ac.id, 3, lutfireynandaa0420@gmail.com, 4, rina.astari28@gmail.com, 5. windaaul8@gmail.com , 12345UINSU, Medan Indonesia Article info Abstract* Received Date: 15 June 2022 Accepted Date: 1 July 2022 Published Date: 31 January 2023 Keywords:* Homograph, Homonym, Homonymy, Homophones, Novel. This study aims to analyze homonymy found in Colleen Hoover's novel It Ends with Us. The method that used in this study is qualitative research, which is the writer investigate phenomena in the natural contexts, attempting to make sense of or interpret phenomena in terms of the meanings that people assign to them. The data was taken from the source of data, which is from Colleen Hoover's novel, It Ends with Us. The result of this study is the writers found that there are 3 types homonyms, which is consist of 2 pairs of absolute homonym, 2 pairs of homograph, and 3 pairs of homophone in Colleen Hoover's novel It Ends with Us, and the dominant types of homonymy in Colleen Hoover's novel "It Ends With Us" is homograph. 1. Introduction Writing, whether in words or in a sentence, has its own significance. In a book or in regular conversation, words with several meanings are frequently encountered. Homonyms are words or phrases that appear in a text and are frequently found in literary works such as novels, poems, and songs. Novels, being literary works, usually contain a variety of storylines. The novel's collection of short stories is carefully organized by words and phrases. A collection of words in a novel, on the other hand, frequently has a different meaning in one word, which is homonymy in this situation. Some words have multiple meanings depending on the author's intent, and we can generally find multiple meanings in a single term. In a story, additional meaning words are frequently found since the author gives words that can have a certain meaning in order to make the story more valuable and engaging. If the author does not include a further descriptive sentence in this scenario, it is common for readers to have questions, uncertainties, and uncertainty. As a result, homonyms frequently cause misconceptions in every word in a text, particularly in novels with a large number of words or broad meanings. From this brief explanation, the writers are interested to analyze homonymy in Colleen Hoover's novel "It Ends With Us". 2. Research Method This research used qualitative method. The focus of qualitative research is multimethod, with an interpretative, naturalistic approach to its subject matter. It means that qualitative mailto:irhamsiahaan5@gmail.com mailto:emeliya@uinsu.ac.id mailto:lutfireynandaa0420@gmail.com mailto:rina.astari28@gmail.com mailto:windaaul8@gmail.com 56 researchers investigate phenomena in their natural contexts, attempting to make sense of or interpret phenomena in terms of the meanings that people assign to them. The study and collection of a variety of empirical materials – case study, personal experience, introspective, life story, interview, observational, historical, interactional, and visual texts – that describe routine and problematic moments and meanings in individuals' lives constitute qualitative research. (Denzin and Lincoln 2005, p. 2). The writers obtain a few selected words from a novel. Because the writers' research focuses on determining whether a word has a different or same meaning. Dealing with the word, the writer used the instrument from Colleen Hoover's novel entitled “It Ends With Us". To collect data, the writers first select novel research instruments that are significantly different from other research instruments. The writers are interested in taking a novel (as being cited in the instrument of research). Following that, the writers begin to choose words that are classified as homonymy based on the characteristics. After observing for entire words derived from a novel, the writers finally find some words that can be catagotized as homonymy. Based on our mini research title above, there some problem of study, these are : a. How many types of homonymy Colleen Hoover's novel "It Ends With Us" ? b. What is the dominant types of homonymy Colleen Hoover's novel "It Ends With Us" ? 3. Finding & Discussion Homonymy refers to the relationship between a word's sound and its identical form, but not to its meaning. Homonyms are divided into three types: absolute homonym, homophones and homographs. Absolute homonym are words that have the same spelling and the same pronunciation. Homographs are words that have the same spelling but are pronounced differently. Furthermore, homophones are words that have distinct spellings but are pronounced the same way. In this study, the writer analyzes the homonymy found in Colleen Hoover's novel, It Ends with Us. It Ends with Us (2016) is a novel about Lily, a young woman who has recently moved and is getting ready to start her life after college. Lily then meets Ryle and falls in love with him. Atlas, Lily's first love, emerges and tests Lily and Ryle's relationship as she develops affections for him. There are 2 pairs data of homonym, 2 pairs data of homograph and 3 pairs data of homophones found in Colleen Hoover’s novel, It Ends with Us. a. Absolute Homonym An absolute homonym is a word that has the same meaning as another word. Absolute homonyms are unrelated in meaning, but all of their forms (citation forms and word forms) are identical in sound and spelling, and those identical forms are grammatical equivalent. Grammatical counterparts are words that belong to the same word family, perform the same syntactic function, and appear in the same grammatical context. Absolute Homonym Meaning Our past has already causedenough problems in my present.(page 241) Present /´prɛz(ə)nt/: At or during this time: NOW 57 Absolute Homonym Meaning “You saved my life, Lily,” he said to me. (page 258) Save /´seɪv/: Refers to rescue something. How he saved up as much money as hecould so that when hegot out, he could openhis own restaurant. (page 333) Save /´seɪv/ : Refers to keep something. Analysis The word saves in the first and second sentences above is an absolute homonym, which means it has the same spelling and pronunciation. The word save in the first sentence relates to rescuing something, but the word save in the second sentence refers to keeping something from running out. b. Homograph Homographs are words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and may have different pronunciations (Smith, 2002). Richards and Schmidt (2002, p.21) define homonyms as "words that are spelled the same and pronounced the same but have different meanings. Homograph Meaning I tear the tissue paperaway and fall against the back of my chair.(page 244) Tear /tɛər/: to pull apart or in pieces by force. For whatever reason, a huge tear falls down my cheek. (page 166) Tear /tɪər/: fluid appearing in or flowing from the eye. Analysis The word tear in these two sentences above are the examples of homograph. have similarities in writing, but in pronunciation and meaning are very different. Homograph Meaning After he said he loved me, he told me he had a birthday present for me. (page 253) Present /´prɛz(ə)nt/: Something presented : GIFT Analysis The word present in the first sentence has the meaning during this time or now and the second sentence the word present has the meaning something presented or a gift. Both of words have different meaning but same spelling. 58 I once watched myfatherback over an outdoor patio table made of marine-grade polymer, and itpractically laughed athim. (page 5) Back /bæk/: the rear part of the human body. I caught a flight straight back to Boston and hijacked the first roof I could find Back /bæk/ : to change one's position. Analysis In the first sentence, back has meaning as the part of human body. but in the second sentences, Back is as the reclaimed position. c. Homophones Numerous language specialists concur that homophones are at least two words that sound the same however are composed diversely and have various implications. Instances of homophones are tossed/through, sight/site, and ceremony/right/compose/wright (Palmer 1984:101; Girl 1998:29; Richards and Schmidt 2002:241; and Gem 2003:221). Homophone Meaning Yeah. If you like stale bread. Bye, Mom.” I hang up and look at Ryle. (page 271 Bye /bʌɪ/: Refers to say the statement good- bye. She walks toward the back of the store. “Well, let’s get them out of there and go buy you a desk!" (page 55) Buy /bʌɪ/: Take the things and giving the money. Analysis The word bye in the first sentence has the meaning refers to say the statement good bye and the second sentence the word buy has the meaning refers to take the things and then giving the money. Both words have a different meaning and are spelled differently, but they have the same sound. Because the definition of homophone is a word with the same sound or pronunciation but different spelling, the words bye and buy are homophones. Homophone Meaning “That place we went to that one time with your mom,” he says. (page 217) To /tu:/: Similar with the word 'for‘ 59 “I live in the building next to it. It’s too short to see from here. It’s only three stories tall.” (page 10) Too /tu:/: Similar with the word 'So‘, 'Very‘ Analysis The word to in the first sentence has the meaning 'untuk' and the second sentence the word too has the meaning 'terlalu'. Both of words have different meaning and different spelling, but the sound or category is same. As the meaning of homophone which is the word that have same sound or pronunciation but spelling is different, so that is why the word to and too included in homophone. Homophone Meaning I would see something that would remind me of him and it would put me in a funk. (page 257) See /siː/: Perceive by sight. Sometimes the waves bring with them things from deep in the bottom of the sea and they leave those things tossed onto the shore. (page 330) Sea /siː/: a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land Analysis The word see in the first sentence has the meaning refers to look and the second sentence the word sea has the meaning like a river but sea is larger than river. Both of words have different meaning and different spelling, but the sound or pronunciation is same. Both words have a different meaning and are spelled differently, but they have the same sound. Because the definition of homophone is a word with the same sound or pronunciation but different spelling, the words see and sea are homophones. 4. Novelties In this research, the writers found that there are 3 types homonymy, which is consist of 2 pairs data of absolute homonym, 2 pairs data of homograph, and 3 pairs data of homophone in Colleen Hoover's novel It Ends with Us, and the dominant types of homonymy in Colleen Hoover's novel "It Ends With Us" is homograph, which is 3 pairs. 5. Conclusion Having discussed and analyzed homonymy in Colleen Hoover's novel "It Ends With Us", completed with the examples and meaning in the preceding chapters. The writers found that there are 3 types homonymy, which is consist of 2 pairs data of absolute homonym, 2 pairs data of homograph, and 3 pairs data of homophone in Colleen Hoover's novel It Ends with Us, and the dominant types of homonymy in Colleen Hoover's novel "It Ends With Us" is homograph, which is 3 pairs. 6. Acknowledgements The author would like to express a very special thank you for all parties who facilitated this research and for UINSU which has supported the research. 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A Comparative Study of Indonesian and Sundanese Homonym Vocabularies. 4Th International Conference On Language, Literature, Culture, And Education (, 509, 398-395. Tabanakova, V. D. (2021). Term “Homonymy” As A Semantic Category. In O. Kolmakova, O. Boginskaya, & S. Grichin (Eds.), Language and Technology in the Interdisciplinary Paradigm,18(1), 197-205. Tulloch, Alexander. 2017. Understanding English Homonyms. Hongkong : Hongkong University Press. Biography of Authors http://%7bj.haber|m.poesio%7d@qmul.ac.uk/ 61 Wanita kelahiran Rantau Perapat, 26 September 1981 Emeliya Sukma Dara Damanik Email: emeliya@uinsu.ac.id Lutfi Reynanda, kelahiran Jakarta, 08 Agustus 2001. Saat ini sedang menjalankan pendidikan S-1 nya, jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris di Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara. Memiliki bakat di bidang olahraga, cabang bola voli,serta penikmat music bergenre hard rock. Email: lutfireynandaa0420@gmail.com Irham Aliyafi Siahaan, pria yang memulai kehidupannya pada 29 Mei 2001 di Medan adalah salah satu peneliti artikel ini. Sekarang ia sedang melanjutkan studi Strata Satu (S1) di JurusanTadris Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara (UIN SU). Ia mempunyai minat di bidang visual, yaitu fotografi dan videografi, dan sedang bergabung di Lembaga Pers Mahasiswa di kampusnya.. Email: irhamsiahaan5@gmail.com Rina Astari adalah wanita kelahiran Medan, 02 Agustus 2001. Saa tini, wanita yang menyukai music ini, sedang menjalankan pendidikan S-1nya di salah satu Perguruan Tinggi Islam Negeri di Sumatera Utara, yaitu UINSU (Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara), di Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, jurusan Tadris Bahasa Inggris, semester 6. Kegemarannya mendengarkan music terutama band "One Direction" membuatnya memilih jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris. Email: rina.astari28@gmail.com Winda Aulia adalah wanita kelahiran Medan, 04 Oktober 2000. Saat ini, wanita yang memiliki bakat di dunia music dan tarik suara ini, sedang menjalankan pendidikan S-1nya di salah satu Perguruan Tinggi Islam Negeri di Sumatera Utara, yaitu UINSU (Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara), di Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris. Email: windaaul8@gmail.com mailto:emeliya@uinsu.ac.id mailto:lutfireynandaa0420@gmail.com mailto:irhamsiahaan5@gmail.com mailto:rina.astari28@gmail.com mailto:windaaul8@gmail.com