E-Journal of Tourism Vol.8. No.1. (2021): 23-33 23http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eot e-ISSN 2407-392X. p-ISSN 2541-0857 Stakeholder’s Perceptions about Sustainable Tourism in The Main Attraction of Banda Aceh Halal Tourism (Baiturrahman Great Mosque) Muhammad Baiquni1, Heriani2* 1Tourism Studies, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia 2Universitas Terbuka, Indonesia *Corresponding Author: heriani@ecampus.ut.ac.id DOI: https://doi.org/10.24922/eot.v8i1.68442 Abstract Mosque is place of worship as well as religious symbols that have reli- gious and social aspects. The aspects can be used as places of worship, while social aspects are referred to as places of community activity, places of learning, cultural development, art of building, even in times of war for Acehnese fighters. But in the current era of globalization, mosques are no longer a place of worship, but also a tourist destina- tion for both Muslims and non-Muslims. There are three the main ha- lal tourism destinations Indonesia, they are West Sumatra, West Nusa Tenggara and Aceh Province . The addition of material directly is very important, especially in terms of control and physical appearance of the mosque. The Baiturrahman Mosque in Banda Aceh is one of them, since 2015 major improvements have been made enough to restore the face of the historic mosque. This study is a case study that tries to explore the in-depth perspective of several informants regarding sustainable tour- ism, focusing on mosques as halal tourism attractions. Data collection techniques used are observation, in-depth interviews, and documenta- tion. This research is expected to be able to find out (a) the attraction of Baiturrahman Great Mosque (b) to explore the deep perspectives of stakeholders regarding sustainable tourism, in this case concerning the Baiturrahman Mosque as the main attraction of Halal tourism in Banda Aceh. The results of this could be as input and consideration for the development of halal tourism, especially the development of tourism in other mosques in Aceh Province and Indonesia. Keywords: stakeholders, attraction, halal tourism, sustainable tourism Article Info Submitted December 30th 2020 Accepted March 18th 2021 Published March 31th 2021 on the one hand is a positive thing for the development of society, but on the other hand the negative impact is also very large. A lot of information and scattered are so- metimes difficult to distinguish which are really facts and which are fictitious (lies) or the trend is called a hoax. Communities INTRODUCTION The development of information technology at this time raises the post-truth era in which various kinds of change are found, especially social change. Communi- ty access to information has been very easy, E-Journal of Tourism Vol.8. No.1. (2021): 23-33 24http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eot e-ISSN 2407-392X. p-ISSN 2541-0857 of Baiturrahman Grand Mosque is current- ly around 4 hectares in which there is a pond, a main tower, 7 domes, 4 towers, and 1 main tower. Baiturrahman Grand Mosque cur- rently has a new face, a major renovation which is a mega project that began in 2015. The renovation was centered on the cour- tyard of the mosque which was done har- dening, the yard that was once overgrown with green grass was replaced with im- ported marble floors. Then various kinds of palm trees and geulumpang (Aceh’s langu- age) trees which are historic trees have also been replaced with electric umbrellas such as the Nabawi Mosque in Medina. Toilet fa- cilities, ablution places, and parking in the basement are made in a class of star hotels. Some parties and various media outlets dis- cussed and praised the beauty and splendor of the new face of the Baiturrahman mos- que and some also saw that it was an urgent need of the people and supported tourism in the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque. Reparation, renovation and addition of aesthetics and facilities of the mosque which is a tourist destination ideally can provide comfort for the people in worship and make a positive contribution to increa- sing tourism. The big question is whether the stakeholders of Baiturrahman Grand Mosque have been paying attention to the principles of sustainable tourism in the re- novation, which will be explored through the following research questions: What are the potential and attractions of tourism Bai- turrahman Grand Mosque?; What are the stakeholders’ perceptions about Sustainab- le Tourism, related the project of renova- ting Baiturrahman Grand Mosque Banda Aceh? LITERATURE REVIEW Halal Tourism Halal Tourism is one of the new con- cepts that are developing in the world to- easily access and generally disseminate it without ensuring that the information is true. The most sensitive and viral issues in the mass media that are usually directly divided are usually religious or political issues. Conflict and various conflicts can eventually arise in the community from small to large scale. Facilities of worship such as mosques with their social function can be a hope to help inform and provide knowledge about the facts that are true, so that people are not easily carried away by emotions only in responding to various in- formation available. The mosque is generally known as a building where muslims worship. The word “mosque” comes from Arabic, namely “sajada, yasjudu, sajdan”. “Sajada” means “bowing with solemnity, prostration, and kneeling”. To show a place, the word “saja- da” was changed into “masjidan” meaning “place to worship Allah “. The word mos- que is referred to in the Al-Qur’an 28 ti- mes, this indicates the importance of the mosque’s position for Muslims. Mosques are religious symbols that have religio- us and social aspects. According to Jalil (2012), the religious aspect is seen from its function as a place of worship, while the social aspect is based on its function as a place of learning, cultural development, building art, a place of community activi- ties such as a place of community learning in addressing social media information, even in times of the war of independence of the Acehnese fighters sometimes made the mosque a stronghold. One of the mosques of the pride of the people of Aceh is the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque. This mosque is not only an icon of the city and tourism in Banda Aceh, but is a witness to the history of Aceh’s civili- zation from the era of the glory of Iskandar Muda (1614), the era of Dutch colonialism, until the devastating tsunami waves swept through the city of Banda Aceh. After ex- periencing a number of extensions, the area E-Journal of Tourism Vol.8. No.1. (2021): 23-33 25http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eot e-ISSN 2407-392X. p-ISSN 2541-0857 day, which continues to grow by the world. In 2010 the population reached 1.6 billion people from 5.3 billion inhabitants of the world population (23.4% of the total soul population in the world) and is expected in 2020 to be 1.9 billion people from 5.8 billi- on people of the world or around 24.9% of the total soul in the world (Pew Research Center forum on religion & Public Life, 2011). The large population of the Muslim world directly encourages the world of tou- rism. According to Shakiry (2006), the concept of Islamic Tourism (Islamic Tou- rism) or halal sports is not only limited to religious tourism, but extends to various forms of tourism, because it does not con- flict with Islamic values. This activity in- cludes principles to respect local customs and customs, and care for the environment, bring back values, ethics and morality in the midst of a culture of consumerism that is rampant and encourages understanding and dialogue between countries, cultures and different civilizations to find out about the background of the community and dif- ferent relics. Religious Tourism and Mosque Tour- ism; Main Supporters of Halal Tourism Religious Tourism is one of the vario- us other tours in the concept of Halal Tou- rism. Although Halal tourism does not have to be in the form of religious tourism, it is undeniable that Halal tourism relies heavi- ly on destinations and religious attractions. Religious Tourism is a tourism based on belief in a religion, with the aim of increa- sing faith and belief in the religion. FICCI report and YES BANK Ltd. (2012) entitled “Diverse Beliefs: Tourism of Faith Religio- us tourism gains ground” defines religious tourism as “a journey with the main mo- tives of gaining experience from various religious forms, or products they produce, such as art, culture, tradition and architec- ture (Sharma, 2016) Mosque tourism is a form of religio- us tourism. The development and growth of tourism in Islamic countries has given birth to new innovations in promoting mosques as tourism centers. According to Shafaei and Mohamed (2017), the mosque has become one of the popular destinations among local and international tourists as part of an attractive tour package. The at- tractiveness of each mosque is different, some have the attraction of the beauty of the architecture of the building, interesting religious activities / events, the atmosphe- re of the mosque, mosque management, as well as the history and events that have oc- curred in the mosque. Besides that, com- fort and service are the main support for mosque tourism. Mansor’s research (2015) describes the importance of providing and certifying mosque tour guides to support services and comfort for both pilgrims and tourists. Tourist attraction Each region tries to develop its poten- tial as a tourist attraction for tourists. Da- manik and Weber (2006) state that tourist attraction is an object that has uniqueness, originality, authenticity, and diversity. Now, the object of tourist attraction is be- coming increasingly diverse, one of which is the tourist attraction that is owned by pla- ces of worship, such as mosques. Sofyan (in Republika 2018) stated that there are 3 important aspects that must be owned by mosque-based tourist destinations, name- ly comfort, service and attractiveness. The tourist attraction of the mosque which is intended to open only relies on the beauty and architecture of the mosque, but can be in the form of creative activities initiated by mosque managers. The historical and philosophical value of the mosque must also be maintained as a characteristic and attraction for tourists. E-Journal of Tourism Vol.8. No.1. (2021): 23-33 26http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eot e-ISSN 2407-392X. p-ISSN 2541-0857 Sustainable Tourism Tourism is like two sides of a coin, can bring profit or loss. The advantage of the tourism sector is undoubtedly, becau- se in addition to increasing the income of a country or region, it also directly revives the economy of the community, although sometimes it is not as lucky as the inves- tors of big tourism and of course open wi- der employment opportunities. Behind the benefits, tourism can also bring negative things, such as pollution and environmental damage, cultural shifts and others. Jenkins (2013) describe that: “Sustainable tourism is closely lin- ked to the natural environment, is socially acceptable and is empathe- tic to the culture and the environment of a destination. Environmental pro- tection, current social structures and culture can all be seen as providing an economic boom for a region. But the emphasis should be on advoca- ting new developments that secure the needs of future generations as well as providing for the needs of the present.” From the statements, it is understood that Sustainable tourism is part of sustai- nable development by considering the needs at this time by not ignoring the abili- ty of future generations to meet their needs. Over time, the concept of sustainable de- velopment was adopted into the concept of Sustainable Tourism Development. Sustai- nable tourism development is interpreted as a tourism development process that is oriented towards the sustainability of the resources needed for future development. Sustainable tourism can simply be defined as tourism that takes full account of current and future economic, social and environ- mental impacts, meeting the needs of vi- sitors, industry, the environment and local communities. There are 7 guiding principles for achieving sustainable tourism develop- ment, according to Burns and Holder (1997) in Suwena (2010), namely: “First, the environment has intrinsic value that can also function as a tourism asset. Its utiliza- tion is not only for short-term interests but also for the benefit of future generations. Second, tourism must be introduced as a positive activity that provides mutual be- nefits to the community, the environment and the tourists themselves. Third, the re- lationship between tourism and the envi- ronment must be made in such a way that the environment is sustainable for the long term. Fourth, tourism and development ac- tivities must be concerned about the natural scale / size and the character of the places where these activities are carried out; Fifth, in other locations, harmony must be built between the needs of tourists, place / en- vironment, and the community; Sixth, a world that tends to be dynamic and full of change can always provide benefits. Adap- tation to change, however, don’t get out of these principles. Seventh, the tourism in- dustry, local government, and environmen- tal watchdog organizations (NGOs), all have the duty to care about the principles above and work together to make it happen. Damanik and Weber (2006) then conclude that there are 3 dimensions of sustainable tourism that must be the concern of all par- ties, namely the environmental, social and cultural, and economic dimensions. Sustainable Mosque The term sustainable mosque is clas- sified as still very rarely heard, but the con- cept is actually not new in the teachings of Islam. Continuous mosque is a mosque that can be a bridge between the human relationship with the Creator (habluminal- lah), the relationship between humans and humans (habluminannas) and the relation- ship between humans and the environment (habluminal’alam). These three things are the main aspects of a sustainable mosque concept that should be considered in pros- E-Journal of Tourism Vol.8. No.1. (2021): 23-33 27http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eot e-ISSN 2407-392X. p-ISSN 2541-0857 pering each mosque (Sapri et al., 2014). Most people have been aware that the mosque is only for the afterlife, that is our relationship with God. In addition, the construction of the mosque is also identified with physical development that can be said to be endless and satisfied. construction of facilities or renovating parts of the mosque that are not needed are facts that are com- mon in the field. Some people also have the view that a good mosque is a mosque with a magnificent building, some mosque managers and worshipers also compete to show that the mosque is the most magni- ficent. Mosques that are also tourist des- tinations began to slowly turn their faces into majestic. The renovation, expansion to increase grandeur was carried out with the main reason that development was the ca- pacity of pilgrims. Baiquni and Susilawar- dani (2002) suggest that sometimes various phenomena around us are seen and claimed as a development, but in fact it actually does damage, as is the case with various renovation activities of the mosque. Looks for the good of the mosque, but it turns out that the action actually damages the mos- que. Therefore, the concept of sustainable mosque is an urgent matter to be socialized, so that managers, worshipers and Muslims know and implement sustainable mosque management. METHOD This research was carried out in the city of Banda Aceh, precisely in Baiturrah- man Grand Mosque located in Gampong Baru, Baiturrahman which is a landmark of the city of Banda Aceh, as well as the main tourism icon of the city dubbed the foyer of Mecca (Serambi Mekkah). This research is a qualitative research with a case study ap- proach. Baiturrahman Great Mosque, one of the largest and historic mosques is also known as a religious tourism destination in the city of Banda Aceh, chosen as the ob- ject of research. The method used in data collection includes literature review, open interview, observation, electronic data search and document review from various sources related to the object of research. Data analysis is an activity that is es- sentially to give meaning or interpret data by organizing, sorting, grouping, giving codes or signs, and categorizing them into sections based on certain groupings so that a finding is found on the proposed problem formulation. Through a series of activities, qualitative data that is usually scattered and stacked can be simplified so that it can be understood more easily. RESULT AND DISCUSSION The Main Tourist Attraction of Baitur- rahman Grand Mosque Tourist attractions according to Da- manik and Weber (2006) are objects that have uniqueness, originality, authentici- ty, and diversity. Mosque tourist attracti- on which is intended not only rests on the beauty and architecture of the mosque, but can be in the form of creative activities initiated by mosque managers. The histori- cal and philosophical value of the mosque must also be maintained as a characteristic and attraction for tourists. Based on obser- vation activities, in-depth interviews sup- ported by literature and document search, Baiturrahman Great Mosque has several tourist attractions, namely: The Mosque’s Architecture as Attrac- tion Baiturrahman Grand Mosque which is the pride of the people of Aceh was built during the reign of Sultan Iskandar Muda (1607-1636 AD), but had experien- ced a great fire during the Dutch military aggression in 1873, when the roof of the mosque was still rumbia. This mosque has been renovated several times by both the Dutch East Indies government and the last E-Journal of Tourism Vol.8. No.1. (2021): 23-33 28http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eot e-ISSN 2407-392X. p-ISSN 2541-0857 regional government of the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque renovated since 2015 and was inaugurated in early 2017. This mos- que is located in downtown Banda Aceh with a building area of 3,500 m2, which is equipped with seven domes, five towers with seven entrances. One of America’s lar- gest online media, the Huftington Post con- firms this mosque in the 100 most beautiful mosques in the world. While Yahoo enters the Baiturrahman Mosque into the 10 most amazing mosques in the world (Sungkar, 2015). Religious Atmosphere of The Mosque as Attraction Baiturrahman Mosque as a sacred place and worship for Muslims has a va- riety of religious activities which usually become its own attraction for tourists to come to attend, such as the grand tabligh, activities of Ramadan, maulid and other re- ligious activities. Historical Attraction of the Mosque Baiturrahman Mosque is not only a tourism icon of the city of Banda Aceh, but is the main icon of the city of Banda Aceh, even a symbol of Aceh’s pride. Any- one visiting Aceh will feel incomplete if you don’t visit a historic mosque which is a witness to the glory of Iskandar Muda, the era of Dutch occupation and the enor- mity of the tsunami of December 26, 2004. When people, buildings, trees fell and were destroyed, thousands of bodies were scat- tered -Where, this mosque remained solid and was a refuge for thousands of Acehne- se people at that time. A tourist from Ma- laysia told me: “This mosque is certainly a beau- ty, of course. After all, the history of our tsunami is understandable if the mosque is in effect, this mosque is a mosque where the place is safe. Right “ (RSM)1 1RSM : Initial name of informant to save her/his “Yes, beautiful, this one is beautiful and the history also exists, so he is like combined one of the big ones that is not neglected according to it, in Malaysia there are many beauti- ful mosques, but we go where people first, yes it is indeed an unspoken his- tory ok ok lah.so far ok. “(RSM) RSM expressed its main interest in visiting Baiturrahman Grand Mosque as the historical value of the mosque, especi- ally because of the history of the mosque as one of the mosques that survived the tsuna- mi. According to RSM in his country there are indeed many magnificent and beauti- ful mosques, but the history and story of a mosque can defeat it all. The historical attraction of the Baitur- rahman Grand Mosque is a great potential that must be developed and managed pro- perly as stated by Sofyan (2018) that if you want to highlight the history of the mosque as an attraction, the most important thing to do is display historical evidence in the form of relics. relics and historical explanation. Therefore, Baiturrahman Mosque needs to be equipped with a historical gallery or mu- seum that displays various historical col- lections and stories about the mosque, so that tourists or local people can easily find out more about the history of the mosque. Spiritual Attraction of the Mosque Norman (2014) suggests that spiritu- al tourism is a type of tourism whose mo- tives are to admire, explore and learn and take lessons from all of God’s creations and events that occur in the world, whet- her buildings, historical heritage, nature, or the graves of religious people , heroes and religious leaders. By looking at the eviden- ces of the greatness of God, humans can become individuals who are good at giving thanks for the gifts they have given and can learn valuable lessons for their lives, whet- her religious or not. The experiences of spi- privacy. E-Journal of Tourism Vol.8. No.1. (2021): 23-33 29http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eot e-ISSN 2407-392X. p-ISSN 2541-0857 ritual tourism will usually create peace of mind and inner satisfaction. According to Norman (2014), the main point of spiritu- al tourism is the motivation or intention of tourists. Some tourists who visit the Baitur- rahman Great Mosque in Banda Aceh are not only Muslim tourists, but many non- Muslim tourists visit the mosque with dif- ferent motivations, as some international tourists have talked to and chat with them. The main motive for their visit to the Bai- turrahman mosque is that they want to see the mosque directly which is the pride of the people of Aceh and is one of the pla- ces of worship that survived and survived the 2004 tsunami and the people who took refuge there survived. They want to get the spiritual atmosphere at the Baiturrahman mosque. Baiturrahman Great Mosque Stake- holder Perceptions about Sustainable Tourism, related to the 2015-2017 reno- vation Environment is one of the impor- tant factors that must be considered in any tourism development. Environment is the main resource of tourism that must be en- sured its sustainability and sustainability. The environmental aspect of the Baiturrah- man Grand Mosque is very important to be studied, moreover it has just been renova- ted since 2015-2016. Various views emerged from several stakeholders regarding the environmental conditions of the Baiturrahman mosque du- ring the renovation and completion of the mosque. One of them was disclosed by MI informants: “Why is there a megaproject.... be- cause tourist arrivals continue to increase while the capacity of the supporting facilities starts parking is narrow, so now it has been built to win the customary style of the city. and also supporting facilities for congregants with disabilities, disab- led people”. Figure 1. Electric Umbrellas that are not open. Source: Researcher Documentation (2018) The next informant is JM who has al- most the same perception as MI, he said: “First, people worship easily ... then the second is something new, well ... something is different from other pla- ces, so that is why the Aceh govern- ment is working on this, although there are pros and cons, there is no harm.” JM stated that the renovation of the grand mosque was mainly intended for ease of worship and the second important thing according to him was by giving these electric umbrellas a unique and unique way that hopes to attract more worshipers and tourists, both domestic and foreign tourists to visit Baiturrahman Grand Mosque, Ban- da Aceh. JM also explained that the reno- vation was indeed colored by the pros and cons of its implementation. The following informant is one of the different voices from previous informants regarding the re- novation. As stated by WA informants: “This banda aceh grand mosque is actually criticizing us like this, please build it, but the green open space should not be damaged, which is one of the trees that has a long historical value, whether it is an acid tree or all kinds” E-Journal of Tourism Vol.8. No.1. (2021): 23-33 30http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eot e-ISSN 2407-392X. p-ISSN 2541-0857 WA added that: “So.. there is indeed a type of tree plant which in our opinion has been a solution to overcome the green open space, because it is getting narro- wer” WA did not refuse to develop and re- novate it, but the important point from the environmental aspect highlighted by the renovation by WA is the green open space of Baiturrahman Mosque which consists of grasses and various trees, including trees that have a long historical value in Aceh history to remain maintained and preser- ved. The following is a picture of the con- dition of Baiturrahman Grand Mosque be- fore renovation. Figure 2. Baiturrahman Great Mosque Be- fore Renovation with Green Open Space. Source: YR’s Photo, Informant Collection (2015) The Figure 2 is the condition of Bai- turrahman Grand Mosque with a stretch of green grass and shady trees before reno- vation. When the renovation megaproject will begin, one by one the trees begin to be cut down, including large trees which are replanted to mark and remember the histo- ry of the Acehnese struggle that took place in the mosque. Tree logging continues and the mosque’s yard is possible and replaced with marble floors. Furthermore, the felled trees were replaced by installing electric umbrellas on several sides of the mosque. Then some facilities are built such as par- king, toilet where ablution, stairs lift to the basement then there are two pathways for disability. The following picture is the con- dition of the mosque after renovation. Figure 3. Masjid Raya Baiturrahman After Renovation. Source: Photo Collection of Habib Razali (2017) An informant expressed his opinion about Baiturrahman Great Mosque. YI2 said: “If I think personally, the umbrellas of the grand mosque reduce the beau- ty of the Masjid Raya Baiturrahman, used to be more beautiful with trees, now arid and hot” YI believes that the current conditi- on of the Grand Mosque is not as beautiful and comfortable as before, although vario- us additional facilities exist. But the cool atmosphere in the courtyard of the Great Baiturrahman Mosque used to make any- one feel at home sitting while doing vario- us activities on the grass and under shady trees, even in the sunny day there was no more. Based on the observations of the aut- hor, during the day it will feel so hot and the soles of the feet feel very sore walking on the hot floor, moreover there are none of the umbrellas that are open and functioned as heat protectors. Social and Culture An important aspect of further deve- 2YI : Initial name of informant to save her/his privacy. E-Journal of Tourism Vol.8. No.1. (2021): 23-33 31http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eot e-ISSN 2407-392X. p-ISSN 2541-0857 lopment is Social and Culture. One impor- tant social dimension according to Daman- ik and Weber (2006) is to involve as much as possible in planning, implementation and monitoring. One of the WI Informants revealed: “Our voices are lacking or more are not heard by those who have higher authority in managing the Grand Mosque compared to us, we often an- nounce various things related to mos- que service or management, but it is easier to respond”. WI 3 added: “We have never been invited to sit to- gether talking to the renovation plan, suddenly it starts suddenly” Stories and opinions of Informants There is a vision of a communication chan- nel between the stakeholders of the Bai- turrahman Great Mosque that has not been well established. There is still dominance of one of the stakeholders in the decision making and storage of the mosque. Figure 4. Warning sticker in the mosque. Source: Researcher Documentation (2018) The Figure 4 of an announcement containing warnings to alert thieves becau- se there have been many cases of theft of goods, especially tourists who are on the 3WI : Initial name of informant to save her/his privacy. toilet and ablution place, even informati- on from one of the mosque managers that the motorbike of the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque mosque was parked too missing a few months ago. Announcement board is not only one, but is in several angles. It is also a very serious social problem, which shows the security system of Baiturrahman Grand Mosque which is still weak. A mos- que is a place of worship, a sacred place, a house of God that should be the safest pla- ce and no crime, but it is now increasingly common in Baiturrahman Mosque . The next important dimension whe- re development must protect and maintain cultural heritage, historical heritage, and local wisdom is Culture,. Some informants expressed a lot about the cultural dimen- sion related to the renovation of the Bai- turrahman Grand Mosque. One of them is about historical relics in the form of trees that have long been replanted replacing the original trees that function like monuments or monuments commemorating the history of the struggle of the Acehnese people in the mosque. WA informant said: “The issue that we are developing is saving some trees that have histories that are sites in our opinion, the site of why the trees planted by the first people that are a sign that the entran- ce of the main mosque but ended also was cut down”. The tree that functions like a histo- rical monument is the Geulumpang Tree (Aceh language), but it is more familiarly called the Kohler tree because under the tree a Dutch general named Kohler who wanted to burn and destroy the grand mos- que which also functioned as a fortress was shot dead by the Acehnese from the mosque’s main terrace. The original tree has long been developed and the wood is deviated in the Aceh museum, and then replanted similar trees and in the same pla- ce until they grow again into old trees until finally felled again before the renovation of E-Journal of Tourism Vol.8. No.1. (2021): 23-33 32http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eot e-ISSN 2407-392X. p-ISSN 2541-0857 the mosque. Cultural wisdom and local beliefs re- lated to the Baiturrahman mosque are also found in the people of Banda Aceh, as sta- ted by YR4: “Take him to the courtyard of the mosque, open his footwear, set him up on the grass, then wipe both of his thighs and calves with moisture from the grass in the courtyard of the mos- que” YR told about the local belief of the local community that if there were toodler who could not walk, it was suggested to be taken to the mosque yard in the morning and touched his feet to the grass which was still wet with moisture, with Allah’s permis- sion the child could walk immediately. Ho- wever, after the renovation of the mosque and the hardening of the mosque’s yard, the local wisdom was difficult to find because there was no more grass in the courtyard of the mosque. Economy The third dimension of sustainable tourism is Economics. One aspect of the economy is about increasing and equalizing income and business opportunities for local communities (Damanik and Weber, 2006). This economic dimension is the only one of the three dimensions that still persists and there is no change very far from time to time. Since the time of the kingdom, the Baiturrahman mosque was always side by side with the market, the economy of the community around the mosque was so vib- rant. Currently, there are also many souve- nir shops around the main mosque, tradi- tional coffee shops and food stalls. Even motorbike rickshaws which are local tran- sportation are still many and faithfully wai- ting for the public and tourists to use their services, even though online transportation already exists in Banda Aceh. 4YR: Initial name of informant to save her/his privacy. Figure 5. Motorized Becak parked in front of Baiturrahman Grand Mosque. Source: Researcher Documentation, 2018 Figure 6. Street vendors at Baiturrahman Grand Mosque. Photo Source: Researcher Documentation (2018) Some street vendors also feel the economic impact of the visits of various guests at the Grand Mosque, especially local tourists and bring families, especi- ally children. But unfortunately the arran- gement of the street vendors has not been done and arranged properly so as not to lea- ve the impression of slums at the entrance of the mosque. CONCLUSION Baiturrahman Grand Mosque Ban- da Aceh has a variety of tourist attractions that must be maintained and managed well . Sustainable tourism is an important con- cept to be a guide in every development and management of each of these tourist attractions. Based on extracting informati- E-Journal of Tourism Vol.8. No.1. (2021): 23-33 33http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eot e-ISSN 2407-392X. p-ISSN 2541-0857 on about the perspectives of stakeholders the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque regarding sustainable tourism concluded that not all stakeholders have an understanding of im- portant aspects of sustainable tourism. The main man ement authority of the Masjid Raya Baiturrahman has not applied all the principles of sustainable tourism, especial- ly after the renovation of the mosque. Some environmental, social and cultural issues arise after the renovation, and now is the time to fix one by one with management based on the principles of sustainable tou- rism and the principle of openness to recei- ve input and criticism from anyone. REFERENCES Baiquni, M. and Susilawardani (2002) Pembangunan yang tidak berkelanju- tan: refleksi kritis pembangunan Indo- nesia. Transmedia Global Wacana. Damanik, J. and Weber, H. F. (2006) ‘Per- encanaan ekowisata’, Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi. Jalil, L. A. 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